PMID- 1072722
TI  - [Dentist-patient relationship (3)].

PMID- 1072723
TI  - [Herpes zoster].

PMID- 1072724
TI  - [Caries: measures for prevention and control (4)].

PMID- 1072725
TI  - [Obturation of root canal: thermo-mechanical technique using softened gutta
      percha].

PMID- 1072726
TI  - [Techniques of obturation: critical analysis].

PMID- 1072727
TI  - [Ultrasound: helpful aids in cleaning and preparing root canals].

PMID- 1072728
TI  - [Surgical endodontics vs. conservative endodontics].

PMID- 1072729
TI  - [Piriform wiring of the mandible].

PMID- 1072730
TI  - [Bacteriologic resistance as a problem in antibiotic therapy in dental practice].

PMID- 1072731
TI  - [Chronic mandibular luxation (a new therapeutic approach)].

PMID- 1072732
TI  - [Need, importance and indications for maintenance of space in primary and mixed
      dentition].

PMID- 1072733
TI  - [Fissure sealants and fluorides as preventive measures for the control of dental
      caries].

PMID- 1072734
TI  - [Treatment of children under 3 years of age].

PMID- 1072735
TI  - [Periodontal diseases in children].

PMID- 1072737
TI  - [Serial extractions].

PMID- 1072736
TI  - [Use and construction of a labial arch for paralleling lower molars].

PMID- 1072738
TI  - [Dynamic interceptive orthodontics].

PMID- 1072739
TI  - [Disseminated pulmonary radules in a subject with chronic leukemia].

PMID- 1072740
TI  - [Effect of mercury on oral structures].

PMID- 1072741
TI  - [A technique for model trimming].

PMID- 1072742
TI  - [Distinct morphologic types of the lower 6-year molar].

PMID- 1072743
TI  - [Problems of operative dentistry. Adherence and permeability of fillings].

PMID- 1072744
TI  - [Surgical treatment of jaw cysts with preservation of the teeth].

PMID- 1072745
TI  - [General considerations of oral microbiology].

PMID- 1072746
TI  - [Surgical orthodontic treatment in a case of mandibular prognathism].

PMID- 1072747
TI  - [Dental bacterial plaque].

PMID- 1072748
TI  - [Socialized dentistry in Scandinavia].

PMID- 1072749
TI  - [Accidents and complications in minor oral surgery. I].

PMID- 1072750
TI  - [Preparation of class I and II cavities for amalgam fillings].

PMID- 1072751
TI  - [Dental fluorosis].

PMID- 1072752
TI  - [Dentists and stomatologists in Spain (their minor and major wars)].

PMID- 1072753
TI  - [Class III and V cavity preparation for amalgam fillings].

PMID- 1072754
TI  - [Accidents and complications in minor oral surgery. II].

PMID- 1072756
TI  - The editor's corner.

PMID- 1072757
TI  - The straight-wire appliance arch form, wire bending & an experiment.

PMID- 1072755
TI  - Acute myelogenous leukemia in an adult presenting with orbital exophthalmus.

PMID- 1072758
TI  - Mobile storage systems.

PMID- 1072759
TI  - Orthodontic feedback.

PMID- 1072760
TI  - Adaptability of the twin-wire appliance to modern day orthodontics (part 2).

PMID- 1072761
TI  - Studies on viscosity and fluidity of fluid resins.

PMID- 1072762
TI  - The effect of the grain size distribution on viscosity and fluidity of fluid
      resin.

PMID- 1072763
TI  - Studies on non-eugenol system cement. (III). Examination of structure of reaction
      products between Zn(OH)2 and o-methoxy phenol, o-methoxy benzoic acid and o
      ethoxy benzoic acid by elemental analysis and thermal analysis.

PMID- 1072764
TI  - Asymmetry in the bone weight of the mandibula and limbs of rabbits.

PMID- 1072765
TI  - [Atypical leukemia. Hematological changes and their clinical course (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1072766
TI  - [Treatment of pulmonary infections probably caused by fungi in patients with
      acute leukemia with chlotrimazole (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072767
TI  - [Two cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia with miliary tuberculosis and
      statistics of the autopsy in Japan (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072768
TI  - Heroin abuse and its effects on teeth.

PMID- 1072769
TI  - Permanent continuing education.

PMID- 1072770
TI  - Clinical manifestation and therapy of epulis and central giant cell tumor of the
      jaw (I)

PMID- 1072771
TI  - Techniques of oral surgery (II).

PMID- 1072773
TI  - Modified complete denture replacement for the difficult elderly patient.

PMID- 1072772
TI  - Splinting of anterior teeth with an adhesive composite material.

PMID- 1072774
TI  - Corrosion manifestations of uncommon dimensions.

PMID- 1072775
TI  - Unusual cases from an orthodontic practice (IV).

PMID- 1072776
TI  - Interpretation of radiographs.

PMID- 1072777
TI  - Swallowing of a temporary bridge by a reclining patient being treated by a seated
      dentist.

PMID- 1072778
TI  - Retraction and evacuation technique devised by Professor Schon.

PMID- 1072779
TI  - [Two institutes at the railway station. Dental ergonomic centers in Germany and
      Japan].

PMID- 1072780
TI  - [Isolation and characterization of Streptococcus mutans].

PMID- 1072781
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma of maxillary bones].

PMID- 1072782
TI  - [Results of the treatment of cancer of the tongue].

PMID- 1072783
TI  - [Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (adenoameloblastoma). A report of a case and
      literature analysis].

PMID- 1072784
TI  - [Results of treatment of cancer of the mouth floor].

PMID- 1072785
TI  - [Thermotherapy in septic facial processes].

PMID- 1072786
TI  - [Distribution of neurons in the rat tongue].

PMID- 1072787
TI  - [Morphogenesis of hamster 3d molars in vitelline membrane diffusion chambers].

PMID- 1072789
TI  - [Etiology and prevention of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1072788
TI  - [Morphological and histochemical aspects of mouse dental development].

PMID- 1072790
TI  - [Treatment of condylar fractures of the temporomandibular joint. Description of a
      new method].

PMID- 1072791
TI  - [Lysozyme and vitamin B 6 in mouth infections].

PMID- 1072793
TI  - [Preventive dentistry in everyday practice].

PMID- 1072792
TI  - [Epidemiology of mouth diseases in Senegal. 1. The extent of caries and
      periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1072794
TI  - [Oral and dental infection. Dental examination for detection of focal infection].

PMID- 1072795
TI  - [State doctorate from Dakar University].

PMID- 1072796
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus. A biotechnical breakthrough-an implantable glucose sensor].

PMID- 1072797
TI  - [Studies in the U.S.A. 1975].

PMID- 1072798
TI  - Reprint from the February issue. Finishing procedures and their effect on
      composite resins.

PMID- 1072799
TI  - ["President", a new impression material].

PMID- 1072800
TI  - A clinical and radiographic evaluation in the adolescent of the periodontal
      response to porcelain jacket crowns provided in the definitive treatment of
      previously traumatised permanent incisors.

PMID- 1072801
TI  - Geriatrics--its influence on full denture prosthesis.

PMID- 1072802
TI  - The applications of hypnosis in dentistry.

PMID- 1072803
TI  - Correction of the ectopically erupting first permanent molar.

PMID- 1072804
TI  - A case report of an unusual central incisor associated with a chronic periapical
      abscess.

PMID- 1072805
TI  - Four cases of congenitally missing permanent cuspids.

PMID- 1072807
TI  - Tardive dyskinesia I: clinical and biochemical aspects.

PMID- 1072806
TI  - Pulmonary infarction in healthy young males.

PMID- 1072808
TI  - Tardive dyskinesia II: treatment aspects, case report.

PMID- 1072809
TI  - A case of Goldenhar syndrome associated with an inguinal hernia and extensive
      renal, ureteric, and bladder abnormalities.

PMID- 1072810
TI  - Surgical management of solitary pulmonary metastasis from seminoma of the testis.

PMID- 1072811
TI  - Juvenile pemphigoid or dermatitis herpetiformis: a case report.

PMID- 1072812
TI  - Birth-leight and socio-economic factors. A pilot study.

PMID- 1072813
TI  - Traumatic heart disease.

PMID- 1072814
TI  - Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning: a case report.

PMID- 1072815
TI  - Diabetic retinopathy.

PMID- 1072816
TI  - Altered pulmonary function in bronchial asthma.

PMID- 1072817
TI  - The intradermal leishmanin test as an epidemiological tool.

PMID- 1072819
TI  - The operation of a venereology clinic in the West End of London.

PMID- 1072818
TI  - Skin cancer (excluding melanoma).

PMID- 1072820
TI  - Abdominal injuries in road traffic accidents.

PMID- 1072821
TI  - Depression in general practice.

PMID- 1072823
TI  - Prospects for the childless.

PMID- 1072822
TI  - Superoxide and superoxide dismutase in red blood cells.

PMID- 1072824
TI  - Current views on the treatment of portal hypertension.

PMID- 1072825
TI  - Functional anatomy of olfactory sense organs.

PMID- 1072826
TI  - [Mexican anti-caries vaccine].

PMID- 1072827
TI  - [Composite odontomas].

PMID- 1072828
TI  - [Giant papilloma].

PMID- 1072829
TI  - [The dental office. Reflections on efficiency of the dentist].

PMID- 1072830
TI  - [Radiotherapy of a carcinoma developed from a leukoplakia].

PMID- 1072831
TI  - [Statutes of the Mexican Dental Association and College of Dentists].

PMID- 1072832
TI  - [Cavity preparation and pulp changes].

PMID- 1072833
TI  - [Program for training of dental assistants].

PMID- 1072834
TI  - [The economic crisis and dentistry].

PMID- 1072835
TI  - [The attention to caries: a career lost at the start].

PMID- 1072836
TI  - [Displaced 3d molar in the pterygomaxillary fossa].

PMID- 1072837
TI  - [Dermoid cyst of the floor of the mouth].

PMID- 1072838
TI  - [Intentional reimplantation of a lower molar (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072839
TI  - [Free graft autogenous gingival (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072840
TI  - [External radicular morphology of human first premolar teeth with three roots
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072841
TI  - [Intermediary stratum behavior in odontogenic tumor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072842
TI  - [Some ultrastructural, morphometric and cytochemistry data of the exorbital
      lacrimal gland of albino rat. I. Preliminary study (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072843
TI  - [Packing tests in acrylic resins (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072844
TI  - [Distance between the infra-orbital margin and the outer osseous lamina of the
      upper second premolor tooth in skulls of Brazilian Whites, Negroes and Mulattoes
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072845
TI  - [Didactic materials for teaching oral surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072847
TI  - [In evolution, the human face that predominates today is regressing slowly
      towards the face of "Ives Montand"].

PMID- 1072846
TI  - [Healing of dental extraction wound following sublingual gland extirpation. A
      radiographic and histological study in rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072849
TI  - [A program of public health to teach students the basic concepts of dentistry,
      oral hygiene and prevention].

PMID- 1072848
TI  - [Cleidocranial dysostosis. Its oral manifestations. Case presentation].

PMID- 1072850
TI  - [Influence of diet on dental caries (its prevention)].

PMID- 1072851
TI  - [Ameloblastomas. Revision of 6 cases].

PMID- 1072852
TI  - [Information on the problems of oral health in this country].

PMID- 1072853
TI  - [Form and function from the orthodontic point of view].

PMID- 1072854
TI  - [Dental treatment in Uruguay].

PMID- 1072856
TI  - "How to" recognize/maintain mandibular posture.

PMID- 1072855
TI  - [Study of the effects on tissues of the hormones of saliva].

PMID- 1072857
TI  - Reciprocity--a social concern.

PMID- 1072858
TI  - [Dentolabial esthetics].

PMID- 1072859
TI  - [A new nickel-chromium: Phoenix Superalloy].

PMID- 1072860
TI  - [Occlusion, the unifying trait of several disciplines].

PMID- 1072861
TI  - Occlusion in complete denture prosthodontics.

PMID- 1072863
TI  - The denturist.

PMID- 1072862
TI  - [Diagnostic value of pantographic tracings in complete prosthetics].

PMID- 1072864
TI  - [Possibility of teaching auxiliary personnel on the job in Italy].

PMID- 1072865
TI  - [Prothetic rehabilitation preceeded by orthodontic treatment in an adult].

PMID- 1072866
TI  - [The social sanitary system in Sweden].

PMID- 1072867
TI  - [Zooming in on composites. Technical note].

PMID- 1072868
TI  - [Trans-root implants and screws in current practice].

PMID- 1072869
TI  - Idealism or realism?

PMID- 1072870
TI  - B.D.H.A. comments to the (dental ancillaries sub-committee) Scottish Health
      Service, National Dental Consultative Committee.

PMID- 1072872
TI  - Focus on articulators.

PMID- 1072871
TI  - A cheap and flexible form of life cover.

PMID- 1072873
TI  - Laboratory tales by emeritus.

PMID- 1072874
TI  - Adjuvant chemotherapy associated with surgery in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
      Preliminary results.
AB  - The results are presented of thirty five cases of osteosarcoma in which radical
      surgery was associated with cyclic chemotherapy with vincrystin, adriamycin and
      methotrexate. Nine patients had pulmonary metastases at intervals of from three
      to twenty one months after operation; of these, seven died between six and twenty
      six months after operation. The remaining twenty six patients are in good health
      and show no signs of disease at follow up varying from twelve to forty eight
      months. The mortality rate and the percentage of patients with pulmonary
      metastase from six to forty eight months after operation are notably lower than
      in a previous series treated by surgery only.

PMID- 1072875
TI  - A study of the development of fracture callus in the presence of an
      experimentally induced osteosarcoma.
AB  - The results of two experiments are reported in which the formation of an
      osteosarcoma was induced in mice by the intraosseous injection of Moloney's
      virus. In the first group of fifty mice, a complete diaphyseal fracture was
      carried out nine days later at the site of the tumour. In the second group of 200
      mice, a partial fracture was produced at the time of injection so that
      immobilisation was assured. The effects of cyclophosphamide and calcitonin
      administration were also studied in this group. The course of the repair
      processes of the bone was studied in both groups, and showed that, even in the
      presence of an osteosarcoma, these begin and can reach completion, though
      obstructed and delayed by the tumour.

PMID- 1072876
TI  - Incidence of the primary dental caries of infants in Japan.

PMID- 1072877
TI  - Studies on dimensional and weight changes of carboxylate cement in water (37
      degrees C).

PMID- 1072878
TI  - Studies on carboxylate cement --relations of particle size, setting time and
      powder-liquid ratio to film thickness--.

PMID- 1072879
TI  - Studies on synthesis methods of bis(eugenolato)- zinc(II) and its basic
      properties(I).

PMID- 1072880
TI  - Study on the electrical response induced by dopamine across the isolated
      tegumental membrane of the rat submaxillary gland.

PMID- 1072881
TI  - The tongue-thrust dilemma.

PMID- 1072882
TI  - Histometric analysis of bone micro-fluorescence.

PMID- 1072883
TI  - [Extraoral force in Benac Appliance. Clinical use. 2 (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072884
TI  - [Cybernetics and computation in orthodontics (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072885
TI  - [Anterior length of the dental arch and its relationship with other dental
      measurements (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072886
TI  - [Orthodontics and orthodontists (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072887
TI  - Fundamental principles and appliances for the treatment of new born children with
      cleft palates.

PMID- 1072888
TI  - [Clinical case--early treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072889
TI  - [Philosophy of growth and development (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072890
TI  - Treatment of a new born child with bilateral complete cleft palate and lateral
      deviation of the premaxilla. Original applicance.

PMID- 1072891
TI  - [Commentary about the Mollin technique (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072892
TI  - [Biomechanical stimulus on the upper maxilla with lack of growth (extra-intra
      oral technic) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072893
TI  - [Occlusion and orthodontics (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072894
TI  - [Physiology of growth, especially of skull and face (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072895
TI  - [Air pollution and its relationships with malocclusions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072896
TI  - [Clinics of the excessive overbite (author's transl)].

PMID- 1072901
TI  - The class II gold foil: a flexible and durable restoration.

PMID- 1072902
TI  - Is HEW endangering professional quality?

PMID- 1072903
TI  - Is it federal aid?...or federal control!

PMID- 1072904
TI  - Eight high-copper amalgam alloys and six conventional alloys compared.

PMID- 1072905
TI  - Operative instruction--adequate or not?

PMID- 1072906
TI  - Amalgam polishing.

PMID- 1072907
TI  - Are students trained adequately in operative dentistry?

PMID- 1072909
TI  - Personnel management in the dental laboratory. Conversations with employees.

PMID- 1072908
TI  - I am proud to be a dentist.

PMID- 1072910
TI  - The dentist and dental laboratory technology. International studies by an FDI
      working group.

PMID- 1072911
TI  - A simplified laboratory technique for accurately duplicating labial contours and
      incisal edge positions.

PMID- 1072913
TI  - Fighting.

PMID- 1072912
TI  - Magnetic arrest of the guide plate of the new simplex articulator.

PMID- 1072914
TI  - Occlusal rehabilitation.

PMID- 1072915
TI  - Miniaturization of orthodontic screws.

PMID- 1072916
TI  - Gold loss in preparation of an MOD inlay.

PMID- 1072917
TI  - Managerial considerations.

PMID- 1072918
TI  - The development of orthodontic devices (III).

PMID- 1072919
TI  - Telescope crowns and attachments in removable bridgework (I).

PMID- 1072920
TI  - Division of large metal-porcelain bridges through the incorporation of precision
      attachments.

PMID- 1072921
TI  - Facts about horizontal occlusion and articulation.

PMID- 1072922
TI  - Construction of fixed appliances (I).

PMID- 1072923
TI  - A new synthetic modelling plaster.

PMID- 1072924
TI  - Working area comfort and room climate.

PMID- 1072925
TI  - Hygiene in the dental laboratory.

PMID- 1072926
TI  - [Studies on the fitness test for the denture base].

PMID- 1072927
TI  - [Orthopantomography or panagraphy, which is more advantageous for the X-ray
      diagnosis of the mandibular fracture?].

PMID- 1072928
TI  - [Root canal treatment of extracted teeth implanted in plaster using a root canal
      meter].

PMID- 1072929
TI  - [Oral manifestations of achondroplasia, a case report].

PMID- 1072930
TI  - [On the anomalies of the trapezius muscle and the sternalis muscle].

PMID- 1072931
TI  - [Studies on the hard tissues of the pharyngeal teeth of carp].

PMID- 1072932
TI  - [Two cases of lipoma].

PMID- 1072934
TI  - [Clinical study on the new stud attachement with O'ring].

PMID- 1072933
TI  - [Chemical response in the lateral-line organ of a tadpole].

PMID- 1072935
TI  - Background to the therapeutic potential of essential amino acid analogues.
AB  - Experimental investigation of the metabolic effects of essential amino acid
      analogues has to be critically assessed against a background of limited
      experimental techniques and very incomplete understanding of both protein
      metabolism and protein requirements. Although interest in the therapeutic use of
      these compounds initially centered on patients with chronic renal failure, their
      therapeutic potential is by no means confined to renal disease. The fact that
      metabolic effects of essential amino acid analogues cannot be explained simply in
      terms of their conversion to the essential amino acids raises the possibility
      that they may prove to be useful inducers of protein anabolism. Improvement in
      nitrogen balance may only be of the order of a few grams and measurable nitrogen
      balance is only a small proportion of total protein turnover, nevertheless, small
      changes may prove to be of considerable clinical significance.

PMID- 1072936
TI  - The nutritional benefits of essential amino acid supplementation of low-protein
      diets in chronic renal failure.

PMID- 1072937
TI  - [Effect of essential amino acids and their analogs in chronic kidney failure].

PMID- 1072938
TI  - [Use of keto-analogs of essential amino acids in chronic kidney failure. 1st
      experiences].

PMID- 1072939
TI  - Evidence for an anabolic action of essential amino acid analogues in uremia and
      starvation.
AB  - Nitrogen-free analogues of essential amino acids, when administered with those
      essential amino acids for which analogues are ineffective or unavailable, exert
      three actions that may be beneficial in protein-deficient or protein-intolerant
      subjects. First, they bring about an increase in the concentrations of essential
      amino acids in the blood at the expense of the concentrations of certain non
      essential amino acids, notably alanine and glutamine. This effect is most readily
      demonstrated in children with congenital defects of the urea cycle enzymes, but
      can also be seen during daily therapy of adults with portal-systemic
      encephalopathy. Second, these compounds promote nitrogen balance through their
      suppressive effect on urea synthesis (an effect not attributable to re
      utilization of ammonia derived from urease action in the gut). This action is
      demonstrable in obese subjects who are already conserving nitrogen maximally at
      the end of a prolonged fast and can also be shown in the first week of fasting
      when the branched-chain keto acids alone are administered. In both situations,
      improved nitrogen conservation persists long after the analogues are metabolized,
      suggesting enzyme adaptations. In chronic uremics, nitrogen balance can be
      maintained in some (but not all) patients on very low nitrogen intakes. Third,
      these mixtures may delay or reverse the progressive decline in glomerular
      filtration rate characteristic of chronic renal failure in some cases: thus, for
      example, 5 of 6 patients taken off chronic dialysis have maintained lower serum
      urea concentrations without evidence of protein malnutrition for periods of 2-24
      months.

PMID- 1072940
TI  - [Extraoral force in moving distally the first permanent molars in mixed
      dentition].

PMID- 1072941
TI  - [Sjogren's syndrome].

PMID- 1072942
TI  - [Extraoral force in cases of Angle class III malocclusion: prevention].

PMID- 1072943
TI  - [Bases and norms of utilization of anti-inflammatory drugs in dental surgery.
      Part 4].

PMID- 1072944
TI  - [Considerations on cysts of the mouth and nearby structures].

PMID- 1072945
TI  - [Threaded pins for retention of filling material].

PMID- 1072946
TI  - [Biological effects of x-rays. 1st lecture].

PMID- 1072947
TI  - [Bases and norms of utilization of anti-inflammatory drugs in dental surgery.
      Part 5, conclusion].

PMID- 1072948
TI  - [Course in oral diagnosis. Chronic osteomyelitis and benign fibro-osseous lesions
      of the maxillo-mandibular complex. 8th lecture].

PMID- 1072949
TI  - [Trial of a new antibiotic in periodontitis].

PMID- 1072950
TI  - [Conservative treatment of dental pulp].

PMID- 1072951
TI  - [Recurrent aphthous ulcers, a genetic study of 151 families].

PMID- 1072953
TI  - [Course in oral diagnosis. Pre-cancerous lesions of the oral mucosa. 9th
      lecture].

PMID- 1072952
TI  - [Protection against X radiation in dentistry. 2d lecture].

PMID- 1072954
TI  - [Elasticity of the clamp used for complete isolation of the operatory field].

PMID- 1072955
TI  - [Technique for bitewing and occlusal radiography. Lecture 4].

PMID- 1072956
TI  - [Periodontal disease--epidemiology].

PMID- 1072957
TI  - [The use of chemical agents sterlane solution and sterylderme antiseptic PVPI in
      disinfection of the dental rubber dam as integral part in the complete isolation
      of the surgical field, tested with different microorganisms].

PMID- 1072958
TI  - [Course in oral diagnosis. Non-neoplastic proliferative processes, benign tumors
      and cysts of the mouth and maxillo-mandibular complex. Lecture 11].

PMID- 1072959
TI  - [Radiology of the temporomandibular joint. Lesson 6].

PMID- 1072960
TI  - [Dental care of the cardiac patient].

PMID- 1072961
TI  - [Single intra-osseous neurofibroma of the mandible].

PMID- 1072962
TI  - [Radiographic films and development--VII lecture].

PMID- 1072963
TI  - [Calcified epithelial odontogenic cyst].

PMID- 1072964
TI  - [Dentigerous cysts in children].

PMID- 1072965
TI  - [Anatomical and functional sialography of the parotid-standardization of the
      technique].

PMID- 1072966
TI  - [Clinical study of the use of an anesthetic solution with smaller concentration
      of salts in infiltration and block anesthesia in pedodontics].

PMID- 1072967
TI  - [Incidence of geographic tongue and median rhomboid glossitis in students in Sao
      Jose dos Campos].

PMID- 1072968
TI  - [Treatment by the dentist of the newborn with cleft lip and palate].

PMID- 1072969
TI  - [Hereditary dentinogenesis imperfecta--clinical case presentation].

PMID- 1072970
TI  - [Periodontal disease--immunological response].

PMID- 1072971
TI  - [Actinomycosis in pulp polyp--case presentation].

PMID- 1072972
TI  - [Placement of sealants for prevention of dental decay].

PMID- 1072973
TI  - [Radiographic anatomy. IX lecture. I].

PMID- 1072974
TI  - [Prophylaxis of oral cancer. Specific protection].

PMID- 1072976
TI  - [Radiographic aspects of the lesions of the maxillo-mandibular complex. 10th
      lecture. I].

PMID- 1072975
TI  - [Conceptual histopathologic aspects of the changes of the lining epithelium of
      the mouth].

PMID- 1072977
TI  - A case of Peer Review.

PMID- 1072978
TI  - Whose property is a full set of X-rays?

PMID- 1072980
TI  - [Voluntarism and responsibility].

PMID- 1072979
TI  - The suppression of dental depression or combating the obsession with the
      oppression--recession syndrome.

PMID- 1072981
TI  - [Preparation of the supporting tissues as a function of removable prosthetics].

PMID- 1072982
TI  - [Recently acquired data on the effect of topical applications of fluoride in
      pedodontics].

PMID- 1072983
TI  - [Fiery teeth].

PMID- 1072984
TI  - [What is the purpose of panoramic radiographic methods in odontostomatology, and
      what is thought of it?].

PMID- 1072985
TI  - [Papa's electric train].

PMID- 1072986
TI  - [Council of Order. Important changes brought to the Code of Dental Deontology
      (decreed on 16 July 1975)].

PMID- 1072987
TI  - [Turning the page].

PMID- 1072988
TI  - [Indicationa and significance of root amputation].

PMID- 1072989
TI  - [Orthodontic therapy for the canine teeth].

PMID- 1072990
TI  - [Persistance of fingersucking. Contribution to the study of the consequences and
      therapeutic methods].

PMID- 1072991
TI  - [Homeopathic interpretation of elimination disorders: translation at the level of
      the oral mucosa. Chronic disorders].

PMID- 1072993
TI  - No. 1 dental equipment depot.

PMID- 1072992
TI  - [Antichronicles].

PMID- 1072994
TI  - 1 DED in 1974.

PMID- 1072995
TI  - [Preventive dentistry survey at NDHQ clinic].

PMID- 1072996
TI  - The yellow coded patient and the dental assistant.

PMID- 1072997
TI  - [Epidemiological studies of periodontal disease].

PMID- 1072998
TI  - A soft-and microradiographic study of some lesions of the jaw.

PMID- 1073000
TI  - [An indispensible financial system].

PMID- 1072999
TI  - [The effects of chloride (sodium chloride) on fluoride absorption and deposition
      in hard tissues of the rat].

PMID- 1073001
TI  - [When a colleague encounters a work inspector].

PMID- 1073002
TI  - [Professional responsibility. Prescription for antibiotics. Freedom of
      prescription but the need to ask for precise information from patients. Decision
      of the Supreme Court of Appeals].

PMID- 1073003
TI  - [Practice of the dental art in private practice: study of the practicioner
      patient relations and the responsibilities of the dentist].

PMID- 1073004
TI  - [Social Security, beneficiary of inflation?].

PMID- 1073005
TI  - [General reflections on various cases of cures by homeopathy].

PMID- 1073006
TI  - [Father, protect the right; father, protect the left].

PMID- 1073008
TI  - [Cease fire...for 6 months].

PMID- 1073007
TI  - [A bill to abolish the license and institute a professional tax].

PMID- 1073009
TI  - [An increase in the minimum wage of growth].

PMID- 1073010
TI  - [Hemostasis].

PMID- 1073011
TI  - [The role of the nervous system in organogenesis of teeth].

PMID- 1073012
TI  - [To establish?].

PMID- 1073014
TI  - [Is free medicine threatened?].

PMID- 1073013
TI  - [Joint estate. Remarried spouse. Universal community law. Complete allocation
      clause. Surviving spouse, next of kin, the right to bring claims].

PMID- 1073015
TI  - [Various understandings concerning educational messages].

PMID- 1073016
TI  - [Alloys used in the dental arts].

PMID- 1073017
TI  - [Conservative care of temporary teeth is necessary, possible, justified].

PMID- 1073018
TI  - [Physical analysis of the adherence phenomenon of complete removable dentures].

PMID- 1073019
TI  - [Real politics].

PMID- 1073021
TI  - [Typical departmental agreement].

PMID- 1073020
TI  - [National agreement: yes].

PMID- 1073022
TI  - [Protect us from our friends, we will charge our enemies ourselves].

PMID- 1073023
TI  - [Liason committee of practicioners of dentistry of the countries of the European
      Economic Community].

PMID- 1073024
TI  - [Hemostasis].

PMID- 1073026
TI  - [Increased power for practitioner--counsellors?].

PMID- 1073025
TI  - [Loan at interest. Interest. Necessary clauses. Usury. Definition. Repression].

PMID- 1073027
TI  - [Treatment of hospital dentists].

PMID- 1073028
TI  - [Foreign practitioners].

PMID- 1073029
TI  - [Liason committee of practitioners of dentistry in the countries of the European
      Economic Community].

PMID- 1073030
TI  - [Contribution of pantomographic dento-maxillary extra-oral radiography to
      forensic dentistry. Proposal of formula of analysis for the identification
      examination. Part 1: criterias for radiographic registration and operative
      technic].

PMID- 1073031
TI  - [Maxillomandibular relation and gnathologic occlusion in removable partial
      dentures].

PMID- 1073032
TI  - [Contribution to research on the relation between digestive pathology and
      periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1073033
TI  - [Economic situation: toward a recovery?].

PMID- 1073034
TI  - [Democracy, yes. Demagoguery, no!].

PMID- 1073035
TI  - [The Senate and the National Convention].

PMID- 1073036
TI  - [Changes in the Social Security Code adopted by Parliament].

PMID- 1073038
TI  - [Liason committee of practitioner of dentistry of the countries of the European
      Economic Community].

PMID- 1073039
TI  - [Commission on Continuing Education. Continuing education:  a voluntary measure
      of our responsibilities].

PMID- 1073037
TI  - [New increases in the minimum wage of growth].

PMID- 1073040
TI  - [Influence of information on dental hygiene material and distribution of sodium
      fluoride tablets on the progression of caries in school children. Evaluation of a
      2-year experimental period].

PMID- 1073041
TI  - [Contribution of pantomographic dento-maxillary extra-oral radiography to
      forensic dentistry. Proposal of formula of analysis for the identification
      examination. Part 2: perfecting a formula for registering radiographic indexes].

PMID- 1073042
TI  - [Turning point].

PMID- 1073043
TI  - [Re-draft, reform and the financial system].

PMID- 1073044
TI  - [Problems in dentofacial orthopedics].

PMID- 1073045
TI  - [Instruction, specialties and continuing education].

PMID- 1073047
TI  - [Proposed law].

PMID- 1073046
TI  - [Equivalance of diplomas and examinations].

PMID- 1073048
TI  - [Alloys used in the dental arts].

PMID- 1073049
TI  - [Solution].

PMID- 1073050
TI  - [Agreement protocol].

PMID- 1073051
TI  - [Provisional national agreement with dentist-surgeons].

PMID- 1073052
TI  - [Code of Deontology of Dentist-Surgeons. Important changes. Decreed on July 16,
      1975].

PMID- 1073053
TI  - [From recovery to support].

PMID- 1073055
TI  - [Meraud report on social inequalities].

PMID- 1073054
TI  - [Professional tax replaces the license].

PMID- 1073056
TI  - [Salient points of an interview with Dr. Rolf Braun].

PMID- 1073057
TI  - [Applicable fees for various outpatients].

PMID- 1073059
TI  - [Provisional national agreement: methods of application].

PMID- 1073058
TI  - [Focus].

PMID- 1073060
TI  - [Passing fancies].

PMID- 1073061
TI  - [The wall].

PMID- 1073062
TI  - [Finishing: how and by whom?].

PMID- 1073064
TI  - [2 questions of parlementarians (debates of the National Assembly of 13 September
      1975) on teaching; on the financial system].

PMID- 1073063
TI  - [Medical responsibility. Physician prosecuted for involuntary manslaughter
      released].

PMID- 1073065
TI  - [World Health Organization: Fluoridation and dental health].

PMID- 1073066
TI  - [Departmental Committee of Hygiene and Orodental Health Education of Nievre. List
      of Committee activities during the year 1974-75].

PMID- 1073067
TI  - [Social Security is 30 years old: from yesterday to tomorrow].

PMID- 1073068
TI  - [Excess or deficit?].

PMID- 1073069
TI  - [Compensation or generalization?].

PMID- 1073070
TI  - [Social security and social prospective: a state of mind].

PMID- 1073071
TI  - [Stronger dental control?].

PMID- 1073072
TI  - [Overcharges and the National Convention].

PMID- 1073073
TI  - [New beneficiaries].

PMID- 1073074
TI  - [Selected passages. Annual report of the Audit Office].

PMID- 1073075
TI  - [World Health Organization: Fluoridation and dental health].

PMID- 1073076
TI  - [Passing fancies].

PMID- 1073077
TI  - [Truth--untruth].

PMID- 1073079
TI  - [Professional rents. Law of 1 September 1948. Local classes in category 2A. Non
      application of the law. Decree of 26 August 1975].

PMID- 1073078
TI  - [Guidelines for the audited taxpayer].

PMID- 1073080
TI  - [Increase in the rising minimum wage].

PMID- 1073081
TI  - [Selected passages. 4. Health examinations as arranged by the Social Security
      fund].

PMID- 1073082
TI  - [World Health Organization. 28th World Assembly of Health: point 2.7 of the
      provisional order. Fluoridation and dental health. Report of the Director-general
      (extracts)].

PMID- 1073083
TI  - [The pregnant wage-earner].

PMID- 1073084
TI  - [Making a point on the point].

PMID- 1073085
TI  - [Ministry of Labor. Approval of the provisional national convention of dentist
      surgeons].

PMID- 1073086
TI  - [Negotiations?].

PMID- 1073087
TI  - [Budget projections for 1976].

PMID- 1073088
TI  - [Divorce reform].

PMID- 1073089
TI  - [Charges on leases].

PMID- 1073090
TI  - [Recruitment of professors of exceptional rank].

PMID- 1073091
TI  - [Selected passages. Annual report of the Audit Office].

PMID- 1073092
TI  - [Illich perseveres!].

PMID- 1073093
TI  - [World Health Organization: Fluoridation and dental health].

PMID- 1073094
TI  - [Societies of all kinds].

PMID- 1073095
TI  - [Committee of Orodental Hygiene of Northern France. School dental hygiene in 1974
      by Dr. Jean Soleil (extracts)].

PMID- 1073096
TI  - [Of phases in the study of gold, copper, silver ternary alloys used in partial
      dentures].

PMID- 1073097
TI  - [Experimental fluorosis in rats].

PMID- 1073098
TI  - [Treatment of upper and lower jaw injuries].

PMID- 1073099
TI  - [Medico-legal assessment of injuries to the maxillofacial region before and after
      surgical reconstruction].

PMID- 1073100
TI  - [Changes in internal organs following unusual explosion burns].

PMID- 1073101
TI  - [Chemoprophylaxis and treatment of infection in plastic and maxillofacial
      surgery].

PMID- 1073102
TI  - [Induction of anesthesia in severe facial injury].

PMID- 1073103
TI  - [Diagnosis of lymphadenitis in the cervicofacial region].

PMID- 1073104
TI  - [Intermaxillary immobilization using metal hooks].

PMID- 1073105
TI  - [The tooth root in the maxillary sinus as a complication following tooth
      extraction].

PMID- 1073106
TI  - [Reconstructive surgery of infected pseudoarthrosis of the shin with soft tissue
      damage].

PMID- 1073107
TI  - [Cooperation of the maxillo-facial surgeon in multiple traumas and combined
      injuries].

PMID- 1073108
TI  - [Post-extraction complications of wisdom teeth].

PMID- 1073109
TI  - [Precocious orthodontics: diagnosis and functional treatment].

PMID- 1073110
TI  - [Blade implantation].

PMID- 1073111
TI  - [Hiatal obturation in restoration using composite materials].

PMID- 1073112
TI  - [Conservative dentistry and periodontics: proposal of classification, relations
      and sequence].

PMID- 1073113
TI  - [Direct and indirect cementation of orthodontic attachments].

PMID- 1073114
TI  - [The thoughts of Ricketts on prediction of growth].

PMID- 1073115
TI  - [Plates and screws with a silastic "neck" to allow epithelial attachment].

PMID- 1073116
TI  - [Cleaning and isolation of the dentinal surfaces in cavity preparation].

PMID- 1073117
TI  - The plaque removal ability of waxed and unwaxed dental floss.

PMID- 1073118
TI  - Perspectives on the development of dental hygiene in Germany.

PMID- 1073119
TI  - A report on the Hunter foundation.

PMID- 1073120
TI  - The humanization of dental hygiene education.

PMID- 1073121
TI  - [Dentists in their 30's: discussion].

PMID- 1073123
TI  - [Trend in brushing--varieties of methods].

PMID- 1073122
TI  - [Fluoridation of water supply in Niigata Prefecture].

PMID- 1073124
TI  - [Helping patients with mottled enamel, in cooperation with the local government].

PMID- 1073125
TI  - ["Detergent food" movement did not go very far].

PMID- 1073126
TI  - [Failure of a Formosan tour including dental treatment].

PMID- 1073127
TI  - [Success or failure? Denture for a chimpanzee].

PMID- 1073128
TI  - [Management of health of the dentists].

PMID- 1073129
TI  - [Dentistry, its trend and future].

PMID- 1073130
TI  - [Internationalization of Japanese dentistry].

PMID- 1073132
TI  - [Dental hygiene education at school--re-evaluation of parent education].

PMID- 1073131
TI  - [Dentists in their their 40's: a discussion].

PMID- 1073133
TI  - [Dental health education at school: discussion].

PMID- 1073134
TI  - [Dental health education. Questionnaires on dental hygiene education and the
      status of the school dentist].

PMID- 1073136
TI  - [Fluoridation campaign for prevention of dental caries, a program developed by
      the Medical Section of Japan Junior Chamber of Commerce in the last 5 years].

PMID- 1073135
TI  - [On dentistry, reflection by a university faculty member].

PMID- 1073137
TI  - [Modern professionalism].

PMID- 1073138
TI  - Use of antiseptics before injection to minimize incidence of bacteremia.

PMID- 1073139
TI  - Case report: use of vitreous carbon implants in oral reconstruction.

PMID- 1073140
TI  - Interaction of drugs used in dentistry.

PMID- 1073141
TI  - Inside Cuba/a U.S. dentist's view of dentistry under Castro.

PMID- 1073143
TI  - University of the Pacific dedicates dental museum.

PMID- 1073142
TI  - Group practice retains personal touch.

PMID- 1073144
TI  - An ABC of anaesthetic hints.

PMID- 1073145
TI  - Dental caries and the improved Snyder test in Black gold miners.

PMID- 1073147
TI  - Setting yourself up in practice?

PMID- 1073146
TI  - The introduction of a new material to dental students.

PMID- 1073149
TI  - Dental insurance guidelines--establish them now--before it's too late.

PMID- 1073148
TI  - Application of Wisconsin sales and use tax to gold alloy sold to dentists.

PMID- 1073150
TI  - The Marquette medical-dental team project.

PMID- 1073151
TI  - Continuing dental education. Do you really believe dentists can show interest in
      being continuous students?

PMID- 1073152
TI  - Science and research... The identification of dental shortage and surplus areas
      in Iowa.

PMID- 1073153
TI  - [Oroantral fistula].

PMID- 1073154
TI  - [Noble and precious alloys for use in metalloceramics].

PMID- 1073155
TI  - [The oral-facial-digital syndrome: report of a case].

PMID- 1073156
TI  - [Surgical correction of micrognathia by using homologous bone graft preserved in
      Cialit R].

PMID- 1073157
TI  - [Brain abscess following a submandibular dental abscess].

PMID- 1073158
TI  - [Human saliva (V)].

PMID- 1073160
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of Class II Division I malocclusions].

PMID- 1073159
TI  - [Leiomyosarcoma of the mouth].

PMID- 1073161
TI  - [The law concerning oral implants].

PMID- 1073162
TI  - Anatomy of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

PMID- 1073163
TI  - Relationships of structure with function of the gonadotrophins.

PMID- 1073164
TI  - Disorders of prolactin secretion.

PMID- 1073165
TI  - Disorders of gonadotrophin secretion.

PMID- 1073166
TI  - Therapeutic use of human growth hormone.

PMID- 1073167
TI  - Management of acromegaly.

PMID- 1073169
TI  - [Electrosurgery for clinicians, with special reference to crown restoration].

PMID- 1073168
TI  - The posterior pituitary and diabetes insipidus.

PMID- 1073170
TI  - [Root canal therapy of deciduous tooth--a proposal].

PMID- 1073172
TI  - [Pathology of dental pulp diseases].

PMID- 1073173
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint syndrome and dental prosthesis].

PMID- 1073174
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint syndrome from surgical point of view].

PMID- 1073171
TI  - [Corrosion of metals used as dental materials in the mouth].

PMID- 1073175
TI  - [Report on evaluation of tungsten carbide burs].

PMID- 1073176
TI  - [Report on evaluation of acrylic resins for denture bases].

PMID- 1073177
TI  - [The sagittal split osteotomy as an intraoral method for the correction of facial
      deformities (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073178
TI  - [Factors of alveolar crest resorption (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073179
TI  - [Carcinoma of lip. Surgical clinics and treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073180
TI  - Cyanoacrylate as an adhesive for other medicaments: a study with triamcinalone on
      the healing of experimental oral ulcers.

PMID- 1073181
TI  - Saliva stimulation in dogs with permanent duct fistulae.

PMID- 1073182
TI  - II beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in subcellular particulates of rat
      submandibular salivary gland.

PMID- 1073183
TI  - Lead insult to the dentition in the leopard.
AB  - Fracture of developing permanent canine teeth occurred in a black leopard
      hospitalized for lead poisoning. Spectrographic identification of lead in soft
      tissue at the site of injury suggests a relationship between lead insult and the
      developing dentition.

PMID- 1073185
TI  - Lead health hazard in root canal filling material.

PMID- 1073184
TI  - A chemical evaluation of collagen and hydroxyproline after treatment with GK-101
      (N-Chloroglycine).
AB  - The reactions of GK-101 (N-chloroglycine) with collagen and hydroxyproline, were
      studied with regard to caries removal. After reaction with N-chloroglycine,
      collagen was analyzed for bound available chlorine by iodiometric titration, and
      hydroxyproline conversion to pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid was measured by they
      production of a red chromogen after PAB treatment. The results indicated that
      collagen was chlorinated by N-chloroglycine and hydroxyproline was converted to
      pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid after N-chloroglycine reaction. These findings tend to
      indicate two possible pathways of N-chloroglycine protein interaction.

PMID- 1073186
TI  - Comparative effects of vitamin D and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on the calcium
      content of cultured bone rudiments.

PMID- 1073187
TI  - Longitudinal effects of an antibacterial oral rinse on gingivitis and dental
      plaque.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to determine what effect oral rinse containing
      alexidine dihydrochloride (Calgon Consumer Products Company, a Subsidiary of
      Merck & Co.) would have on gingivitis and plaque. Following a dental prophylaxis,
      167 male and female, 7-12-year-old students in Puerto Rican elementary school
      rinsed twice daily for 60 sec. with 10 ml of either a placebo oral rinse or one
      containing alexidine dihydrochloride. All students brushed their teeth daily in
      school. Gingivitis and plaque were scored on all buccal and lingual tooth
      surfaces prior to the prophylaxis and on days 30, 90, and 160. On these dates,
      blood and urine analysis were also made. A second prophylaxis was given at the
      end of the study. The adjusted mean gingivitis and plaque scores were compared
      between the treatment and placebo groups at 30, 90, and 160 days using analysis
      of covariance. The alexidine dihydrochloride oral rinse was found to reduce
      significantly gingivitis after 160 days (p less than 0.02) of treatment and
      plaque scores 30 days (p less than 0.01), 90 days (p less than 0.001), and 160
      days (p less than 0.001) after treatment. No blood or urine changes were
      attributed to the active ingredient oral rinse.

PMID- 1073188
TI  - The effect of local anesthetic solutions on the blood vessels of the rat molars.
AB  - The effect of solutions of lidocaine, with and without adrenaline, on the blood
      vessels of the dental pulp and periodontal ligament in rat molars was examined.
      The vessels were visualized by intravascular injection of a supension of carbon
      particles. The results indicate that the anesthetic solution alone does have a
      local effect on the blood vessels. Local anesthetic solutions containing
      adrenaline had a more marked effect; in addition, a dose-dependent systemic
      effect of adrenaline was noted.

PMID- 1073189
TI  - Enhanced fluoride uptake by teeth through use of iontophoretic techniques.
AB  - The effects of electric currents on the uptake of fluoride ions by human teeth,
      in vitro were determined by measuring the change in fluoride ion concentration of
      the electrolyte in which teeth were subjected to the electrochemical treatment.
      There was an enhanced uptake when the gold electrode embedded in the tooth was
      polarized anodically. Evidence that the fluoride ions were taken upon by the
      teeth was shown by subsequent cathodic polarization of the gold electrode in a
      fluoride free electrolyte and by measurement of fluoride release into the
      solution.

PMID- 1073190
TI  - [Tetracycline and stained teeth].

PMID- 1073191
TI  - [Pregnancy epulis--a case study].

PMID- 1073192
TI  - [Splint method for pyorrhea alveolaris--from the standpoint of endodontics].

PMID- 1073193
TI  - [Indication for splint in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1073194
TI  - [Use of solcoseryl in aphthous stomatitis].

PMID- 1073195
TI  - [Selection and limitation of the splint method for periodontal diseases (pyorrhea
      alveolaris)].

PMID- 1073196
TI  - [Significance of endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreaticography in the
      diagnosis of upper abdominal diseases].

PMID- 1073198
TI  - [Repair of apical tissues].

PMID- 1073197
TI  - ["Periodontal" collagen: its use in the surgical treatment of periodontal disease
      and occlusal trauma].

PMID- 1073199
TI  - [The status X as a method of radiographic diagnosis in dentistry].

PMID- 1073200
TI  - [Reaction of the subcutaneous connective tissue of the rat to implants of
      chemically active acrylic resins. Histologic study].

PMID- 1073201
TI  - [Pemphigus foliaceus--stomatologic aspects, clinical, mycological, cytological,
      histological and histochemical study. 1- Clinical study].

PMID- 1073202
TI  - [Gingival curettage].

PMID- 1073203
TI  - [Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible. Presentation of 2 cases].

PMID- 1073204
TI  - [Methods for radiographic localization, lecture 8].

PMID- 1073205
TI  - The use of aneuploids in studies of genetics, breeding, and evolution in wheat.
AB  - In wheat a unique series of aneuploids is available, ranging from all 21 possible
      monosomics to complex types which are simultaneously deficient for one chromosome
      and duplicate for another. Furthermore, lines with chromosomes from related,
      alien species either added to or substituted for wheat chromosomes are in common
      cytological use. This contribution considers the use of this range of material in
      studies designed to elucidate the evolutionary relationships of the species,
      investigations of the genetics of a polyploid with cytological diploidization,
      and in potential breeding manipulations.

PMID- 1073207
TI  - Artificial mutagenesis as an aid in overcoming genetic vulnerability of crop
      plants.
AB  - Artificially induced genetic variation is being used effectively to supplement or
      complement sources of natural origin for practical plant breeding. Thus, creating
      genetic variation uill become increasingly important as crop genetic resources
      become more difficult to obtain via plant exploration. The aritificial induction
      of useful genetic variation offers important elements that can be used for
      overcoming genetic vulnerability: (1) new, previously unknown alleles can be
      induced in crop plant species to broaden the base of variation; (2) useful
      genetic variation can be induced in modern cultivars helping to shorten breeding
      time or to extend production "life"; (3) characteristics of existing genetic
      resource stocks can be improved to make them more useful in breeding; and (4)
      recombination in crosses may be enhanced. The performance of induced mutant crop
      cultivars and the successful uses of induced genetic variation in cross breeding
      indicate that artificial mutagenesis will play an increasingly greater role in
      plant breeding.

PMID- 1073206
TI  - Prospects and perspectives in mutation breeding.
AB  - Induction of mutations, primarily a method of generating variation, can
      contribute to plant improvement when combined with selection, or recombination
      and selection, or with other methods of manipulating genetic variation. As a
      source of variability, induced mutations supplement naturally occurring
      variation. When specific mutants are selected following mutagenic treatments it
      is highly likely that a number of mutational changes will have occurred in the
      selected genotype. Hence, although most of the mutant varieties released so far
      have resulted from mutation and direct selection, the future trend will be for
      increasing use of mutants in association with recombination. Whereas induced
      mutations are generally regarded as random events, there are suggestions of some
      mutational specificity in response to different mutagenic agents and treatments.
      The best immediate prospects for increasing specificity lie in the manipulation
      of the selection environment. Biochemical selection applied to large number of
      plant cells in culture to locate mutations in specific biosynthetic pathways and
      the subsequent regeneration of whole plants offers great prospect for reducing
      the cost of breeding programs and altering the amount or composition of a desired
      end or intermediate product. Mutations in conbination with other techniques of
      genetic engineering will constitute the tools of the plant breeders of the
      future. Their present role in plant breeding has been established. They have
      advantages in certain situations, disadvantages in others. Greater understanding
      will lead to their more widespread use.

PMID- 1073208
TI  - Development of disease-resistant chickpea.

PMID- 1073209
TI  - The use of selection indices in maize (Zea mays L.).

PMID- 1073210
TI  - Prospects of breeding for salt tolerance in rice.
AB  - Variations with regard to salt tolerance were observed in rice varieties, Blue
      bonnet, IR-8, Jhona-349, and Magnolia. Crosses (F1) between relatively salt
      resistant (Jhona-349) and salt-sensitive (Magnolia) varieties were highly
      resistant to salinity. The F2 population resulted in some salt-resistant
      combinations. In the F3 and F4 populations, some desirable salt-resistant
      progenies were selected. Results obtained suggest that selection for salt
      tolerance may be possible within hybrid populations.

PMID- 1073211
TI  - Perspective.

PMID- 1073212
TI  - Improving protein content and quality in legumes.

PMID- 1073213
TI  - Prospects for crop improvement through plant tissue culture.

PMID- 1073214
TI  - Tissue culture studies on Amaranthus viridis.
AB  - Amaranthus viridis is a plant that is very widely distributed in our country,
      grows easily, and is eaten by low-income groups. It has been found that the
      proteins of this plant, like most other plants, are deficient in some essential
      amino acids. We were able to develop cultures from the cut-end parts of this
      plant tissue. The commonly used media were modified to achieve good and fast
      growth. Results have been obtained on the techniques, histology, chromosomal, and
      biochemical studies which indicate that the plant could be useful as a research
      tool to study problems in crop improvement at the cellular level.

PMID- 1073215
TI  - Useful genetic sources of economic importance and their utlization in wheat
      breeding programs in Pakistan.
AB  - Wheat breeders the world over have been utilizing genetic sources to tailor the
      varieties to meet ever-changing requirements. In the late 1940s Dr. Borlaug at
      CIMMYT recognized that further increase in yield would be possible only if
      lodging in the existing wheat varieties could be avoided, for which he began to
      look for a suitable source for dwarfness. The Japanese had developed semidwarf
      Norin strains through a series of crosses involving a local line, Daruma;
      American soft red winter variety, Fultz; and American hard red winter variety,
      Turkey Red. One of the Norin strains, Norin-10, was used in the breeding
      programs, first in Italy and then in the United States where Dr. Orville Vogel
      developed two to three semidwarf varieties. In 1953 Dr. Vogel supplied some F2
      seeds of Norin-10 Brevor to the CIMMYT program in Mexico, where this source was
      employed extensively in the breeding rogram; a large number of varieties were
      developed, some of which worth mentioning are Pitic, Penjamo, Lerma, Sonora,
      Inia, Tobari, and Siete Cerros.

PMID- 1073216
TI  - Natural and induced genetic variability in wheat.
AB  - An account is given of the genetic variability in primitive wheats collected from
      the northwest Pakistan. Apart from genetic sources for disease resistance,
      drought tolerance, and other plant characters, new sources of possible height
      reduction in wheat were identified and described. The taller-growing primitive
      wheats have better emergence, perhaps largely because of their longer
      coleoptiles. A detailed account is given of comparative genetic studies of height
      reducing genes, through both conventional genetic analysis techniques and induced
      mutation breeding procedures. Both approaches demonstrated the effect of height
      genes on grain size. At the present time there is a linear relationship between
      plant height and 1000-kernel weight. Possibilities of achieving a break-through
      in wheat yields through increased kernel size in short wheats are discussed.

PMID- 1073217
TI  - The exploitation of natural genetic variability for tthe improvement of chickpea
      (Cicer arietinum L.).

PMID- 1073218
TI  - Synthetic amphiploids in breeding--genetic and evolutionary studies in wheat.
AB  - Synthetic amphiploids play an important role in breeding programs of wheat and in
      the genetic and evolutionary studies of the wheat group. One of the most obvious
      uses of amphiploidy has been the development of hexaploid and octaploid
      Triticale. The utilization of synthetic amphiploids as a means of introducing
      commercially important features of related species into cultivated wheat is now
      well documented. The projects to produce hybrid wheat are based on the
      manipulation of cytoplasms and restorers by means of artificially obtained
      amphiploids. The amphiploidization of interspecific hybrids by treatment with
      colchicine results in homozygosity. Therefore, a direct use of synthetic
      amphiploids for genetic studies has been limited to some extent. More often they
      were used indirectly, viz. as the initial step in the production of single
      chromosome addition and substitution lines. Such lines were used for detailed and
      highly informative genetic analyses and also as sources of alien variation for
      wheat breeding. Crosses between some of the synthetic amphiploids resembling
      natural species and the cultivated wheats have been successfully used in the
      evolutionary studies of wheats.

PMID- 1073219
TI  - [Etiology of periodontolysis].

PMID- 1073220
TI  - [Physical measurement technics in biological, medical and dental fields].

PMID- 1073221
TI  - [Rural dentists].

PMID- 1073222
TI  - [Professional responsibilities in public health].

PMID- 1073223
TI  - [Is benevolance an outdated notion?].

PMID- 1073224
TI  - [Emergency situations in endodontics].

PMID- 1073225
TI  - [Fixation in orthodontics].

PMID- 1073226
TI  - [The effect of glucagon on the mineral and organic composition of teeth].

PMID- 1073227
TI  - [Chronic homeopathic therapy].

PMID- 1073228
TI  - [Tartar removal with ultrasonic electronic apparatus].

PMID- 1073230
TI  - The revolutionary nature of preventive dentistry: a viewpoint.

PMID- 1073229
TI  - The diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction. (The
      temporomandibular pain dysfunction syndrome).

PMID- 1073231
TI  - Myofunctional therapy.

PMID- 1073232
TI  - Opinion: the merchandising of dentistry.

PMID- 1073233
TI  - Bite-mark lesions in human skin caused by an unequivocally identified 'suspect'.

PMID- 1073234
TI  - An open letter to Sylvia Porter.

PMID- 1073235
TI  - Dental malpractice trial.

PMID- 1073236
TI  - A simplified occlusal and temporomandibular joint examination procedure.

PMID- 1073237
TI  - Facing the realities.

PMID- 1073239
TI  - Opinion: Denti-Cal: then and now.

PMID- 1073238
TI  - A new ethical obligation. Is Peer Review informing?

PMID- 1073240
TI  - Oral cancer quiz.

PMID- 1073241
TI  - Canaries in the dental office.

PMID- 1073242
TI  - Advances in application of porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations.

PMID- 1073243
TI  - Denti-Cal: a reordering of priorities.

PMID- 1073244
TI  - Electron-microscopic study of matrix vesicles and their alkaline-phosphatase
      activity.

PMID- 1073245
TI  - Clinico-pathological observations on pulp capping with zinc oxide guaiacol of
      human deciduous teeth.

PMID- 1073246
TI  - Periodontal bone loss due to the secondary occlusal traumatism.

PMID- 1073248
TI  - [Selection: stability without change].

PMID- 1073247
TI  - [Suspension or breaking of a work contract in cases of illness in salaried
      workers].

PMID- 1073249
TI  - [Remuneration of teachers].

PMID- 1073250
TI  - [Authorization to practice dentistry].

PMID- 1073251
TI  - [Epidemiology and dental hygiene in a population of young male recruits. Studies
      and reflections].

PMID- 1073252
TI  - [Single treatment session for infected pulp. 8000 cases, 14 years overview].

PMID- 1073254
TI  - [Modified code].

PMID- 1073253
TI  - [Ampicillin in infections in the orodental sphere and in prophylactic practice.
      Apropos of 50 cases].

PMID- 1073256
TI  - [Pluralism!].

PMID- 1073255
TI  - [Focus (continued)].

PMID- 1073257
TI  - [The professional tax replaces the license beginning the 1st of January 1976].

PMID- 1073258
TI  - [Professional rent. Exemption of local classes in category 2A? The category
      should correspond to statutory regulations].

PMID- 1073259
TI  - [Price of organization].

PMID- 1073260
TI  - [Fixed prosthesis and Candida albicans].

PMID- 1073261
TI  - [Return].

PMID- 1073262
TI  - [2 mandarin iconoclasts!].

PMID- 1073263
TI  - [Passing fancies].

PMID- 1073264
TI  - [Judicial chronicle].

PMID- 1073265
TI  - [Standard departmental convention].

PMID- 1073267
TI  - [Co-workers in question].

PMID- 1073266
TI  - [Fixed salaries for hospital employees].

PMID- 1073268
TI  - [Where Safari is spoken about again].

PMID- 1073269
TI  - [Is Social Security in bankruptcy?].

PMID- 1073270
TI  - [Summary of the judicial rules of professional civil societies].

PMID- 1073271
TI  - [Clinical study of a new drug in the treatment of diseases of the oral mucosa and
      periodontium].

PMID- 1073272
TI  - [One aspect of the problem of fees of dentist-surgeons].

PMID- 1073273
TI  - [Analysis].

PMID- 1073274
TI  - [Prospectives and Social Security (continued). Clearly more determined].

PMID- 1073275
TI  - [Collective bargaining].

PMID- 1073276
TI  - [Comparative study of the National Provisional Convention and the standard
      Convention].

PMID- 1073277
TI  - [Selected passages. Annual report of the Audit Office].

PMID- 1073279
TI  - [The Cross and fraud].

PMID- 1073278
TI  - [From the society of regression to juvenilism].

PMID- 1073280
TI  - [Societies of all kinds].

PMID- 1073281
TI  - [Training of assistants].

PMID- 1073282
TI  - [Rationalizing motivation in the dental office. Proposal on behalf of the
      practitioner and his auxiliaries].

PMID- 1073283
TI  - [Professional practice with common expenses].

PMID- 1073284
TI  - [Clinical trial of a mouthwash. Therapy of muco-gingival and periodontal
      infections. Advantages of a combination bactericide and pressurized anesthetic].

PMID- 1073285
TI  - [Tissue serotherapy].

PMID- 1073286
TI  - [Focus].

PMID- 1073287
TI  - [Association of Dentist-Surgeons of Oise: financial explosion].

PMID- 1073288
TI  - [Vive intolerance!].

PMID- 1073289
TI  - [Professional rents. Assignment of lease].

PMID- 1073290
TI  - [For discontinuance of check regulating for children less than 13 years of age?].

PMID- 1073291
TI  - [Health priorities].

PMID- 1073292
TI  - [Financial investment assistance and the dentist-surgeon].

PMID- 1073293
TI  - [Motions].

PMID- 1073294
TI  - [Contracts and agreement].

PMID- 1073295
TI  - [Convention hiatus].

PMID- 1073296
TI  - [Parlementary debates].

PMID- 1073297
TI  - [Where is our health capital going?].

PMID- 1073298
TI  - [Financial investment assistance and the dentist-surgeon].

PMID- 1073299
TI  - [Objectives].

PMID- 1073300
TI  - [Orthodontics: indispensible reform].

PMID- 1073301
TI  - [Professional rents].

PMID- 1073302
TI  - [Professional tax].

PMID- 1073303
TI  - [Societies of all kinds: attention to commercialization!].

PMID- 1073304
TI  - [Mandible during the opening movement of the mouth in children. Contribution to
      kinematic studies using teleradiographic analysis in 55 cases].

PMID- 1073305
TI  - [Professional life].

PMID- 1073306
TI  - [Professional premises].

PMID- 1073307
TI  - [Full-time hospital employees].

PMID- 1073308
TI  - [A free profession threatened: architects].

PMID- 1073309
TI  - [Wager on the future of free practice].

PMID- 1073310
TI  - [Choice of an anti-inflammatory in odontostomatology].

PMID- 1073312
TI  - [Professional rents].

PMID- 1073311
TI  - [Tribune of presidents].

PMID- 1073313
TI  - [Joint-ownership].

PMID- 1073314
TI  - [Ministries and health insurance].

PMID- 1073315
TI  - [Increasing expenses, continuing inequalities].

PMID- 1073316
TI  - [Soft paste for the filling of root canals].

PMID- 1073317
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy covering endodontic technics. I. Use of antibiotics].

PMID- 1073318
TI  - [Focus on economic conjecture].

PMID- 1073319
TI  - A standard diet for the nutrition of the laboratory rats and mice.

PMID- 1073320
TI  - Testosterone induced changes in periodontium tongue and salivary glands.

PMID- 1073321
TI  - A study of transient bacteremia following the use of dental floss silk and
      interdental stimulators.

PMID- 1073322
TI  - Study of the electric potential differences between different types of dental
      alloys.

PMID- 1073323
TI  - Socioeconomic status, general health among preschool children and its relation to
      dental caries.

PMID- 1073324
TI  - Histological and histochemical study of the gingiva in diabetic patients.

PMID- 1073325
TI  - Punch shear strength of base cements. I. Effect of aging and water storage on
      polycarboxylate and zinc phosphate cements.

PMID- 1073326
TI  - The evaluation of disclosing wafers on oral hygiene.

PMID- 1073327
TI  - Histological and cytological changes of tissue caused by inserting some anterior
      filling materials.

PMID- 1073328
TI  - An evaluation of two approaches to dental health education.

PMID- 1073329
TI  - Cheilitis glandularis apostematosa.

PMID- 1073330
TI  - Oral ecology.

PMID- 1073331
TI  - Transactional analysis.

PMID- 1073332
TI  - The DA's role during examination of the oral cavity.

PMID- 1073333
TI  - What is meaningful learning?

PMID- 1073334
TI  - [Summary of materials for use in dentistry].

PMID- 1073335
TI  - [Rubber dam in amalgam reconstruction].

PMID- 1073336
TI  - [In theme of endodontics].

PMID- 1073337
TI  - [Dentistry in the European Common Market countries].

PMID- 1073338
TI  - [A prototype carpule syringe with a disposable needle].

PMID- 1073339
TI  - [Comparative study of the deformity and enlargements in panoramic tomography].

PMID- 1073340
TI  - [Occlusal adaptation of natural teeth and total prothesis].

PMID- 1073341
TI  - [Occlusion and temporomandibular articulation].

PMID- 1073342
TI  - [Consideration on Burton's line].

PMID- 1073343
TI  - [7 years of stomatologic ergonomics in Italy].

PMID- 1073344
TI  - [The 1st international conference on social gnatho-orthopedics].

PMID- 1073346
TI  - [Small pontico with inlays].

PMID- 1073345
TI  - [The removal of inlays during try-ins].

PMID- 1073347
TI  - [A new stage in the solution of endodontic problems].

PMID- 1073348
TI  - [Fixed and removable orthodontics appliances].

PMID- 1073349
TI  - [The dynamic diagnosis in gnatho-orthopedics (vectors of growth and therapeutic
      problems)].

PMID- 1073350
TI  - [Round table on gnathology].

PMID- 1073351
TI  - [Updating of functional therapy with a Bionator].

PMID- 1073352
TI  - [A true revolution in the field of cementation].

PMID- 1073354
TI  - [Dental implants].

PMID- 1073353
TI  - [Development and function of the canine].

PMID- 1073355
TI  - [Functional disturbances in youth].

PMID- 1073356
TI  - [Local anesthesia].

PMID- 1073357
TI  - [Alveolar implantation capsule (method of Ceffa)].

PMID- 1073358
TI  - [The paradentospray].

PMID- 1073359
TI  - [Occlusal and esthetic ergonomic principles in Ricketts technique].

PMID- 1073360
TI  - [Which and how many teeth are usually extracted in orthodontic treatments].

PMID- 1073361
TI  - [The use of ocalessic therapy].

PMID- 1073362
TI  - [Articulators at medium price].

PMID- 1073363
TI  - [Orthodontic update].

PMID- 1073364
TI  - [Considerations of mucosal transplants in periodontics].

PMID- 1073365
TI  - [Curved needles in endosseous implantation--the author's system].

PMID- 1073366
TI  - [Dental transplants or biological implants].

PMID- 1073368
TI  - [Key plate].

PMID- 1073367
TI  - [Dental pulp protection with balsamic blue].

PMID- 1073369
TI  - The myofascial pain - dysfunction syndrome: a clinical evaluation.

PMID- 1073370
TI  - A synopsis of the causes, diagnosis and treatment of oroantral communications.

PMID- 1073371
TI  - The atomic matrix in Class II and mod silver amalgam restorations.

PMID- 1073372
TI  - Omnia mutantur.

PMID- 1073373
TI  - A comparative study of free gingival and pedicle flap graft healing.

PMID- 1073375
TI  - A view from the bridge.

PMID- 1073374
TI  - The effect of "traumatic occlusion" on the periodontium.

PMID- 1073376
TI  - A new ethical obligation. Is peer review informing?

PMID- 1073377
TI  - Role of the private dentist in community health plans.

PMID- 1073378
TI  - Psychomotor skills study.

PMID- 1073379
TI  - Relation of salivary amylase to Sjogren's syndrome.

PMID- 1073380
TI  - Dentistry may be getting easier, but patients may be getting more difficult.

PMID- 1073381
TI  - Government can be hazardous to your health.

PMID- 1073382
TI  - Assistants to have intra-oral duties.

PMID- 1073383
TI  - Preserving private practice: who's helping?

PMID- 1073384
TI  - Hospital dental practice.

PMID- 1073385
TI  - 10c instrument that can change your life.

PMID- 1073386
TI  - Perspectives in patient care.

PMID- 1073387
TI  - Nutrition, a rapidly changing field.

PMID- 1073388
TI  - Perspectives in patient care.

PMID- 1073389
TI  - Molar 4th canals: frequent cause of endodontic failure?

PMID- 1073390
TI  - Tongue thrust: another look at the evidence I.

PMID- 1073391
TI  - Sudden infant dental syndrome myo-dynamic dysphagia hypothesis.

PMID- 1073392
TI  - What is dental hygiene?

PMID- 1073393
TI  - Oral myofunctional therapy within the dental hygiene curriculum.

PMID- 1073394
TI  - Investigation of the efficacy of a treatment program for deviant swallowing and
      allied problems.

PMID- 1073395
TI  - Good photos mean accurate records.

PMID- 1073397
TI  - Tongue thrust: another look at the evidence: II.

PMID- 1073396
TI  - Long-term effectiveness of oral myotherapy.

PMID- 1073398
TI  - A self-administered endodontic quiz.

PMID- 1073399
TI  - Electromyographic studies of bruxist behavior before and during treatment.

PMID- 1073400
TI  - Current status of extended functions for dental auxiliaries.

PMID- 1073401
TI  - Practical points to practice efficiency. 3.

PMID- 1073402
TI  - Copying X-rays.

PMID- 1073403
TI  - Tongue thrust.

PMID- 1073404
TI  - Practical points to practice efficiency. 4.

PMID- 1073405
TI  - Technique clinic. Hygiene around the 3-3 retainer.

PMID- 1073406
TI  - JCO/interviews. Dr. Donald R. Poulton on surgical-orthodontics.

PMID- 1073407
TI  - Updating the timing headgear.

PMID- 1073408
TI  - Johnson & Johnson Company commercials for adults.

PMID- 1073409
TI  - Practical points to practice efficiency. 2.

PMID- 1073410
TI  - Let's design a conference table.

PMID- 1073411
TI  - JCO visits professional positioners.

PMID- 1073412
TI  - Clinical aids. Save time when banding.

PMID- 1073413
TI  - Technique clinic. Bending the round wire intermaxillary hook.

PMID- 1073415
TI  - Geriatric nutrition and gerodontia.

PMID- 1073414
TI  - One-visit endodontics using zinc oxide and eugenol.

PMID- 1073416
TI  - Some thoughts on prevention (or prevention disrobed).

PMID- 1073417
TI  - Mottling in Huddersfield children: a clinical study.

PMID- 1073418
TI  - Studies on basic properties of the bis (eugenolato) - zinc (II). --X-ray, thermal
      analysis, solubility in acid-alkali solution and specific gravity--.

PMID- 1073420
TI  - [Clinical studies on anxiety about dental treatment. IV. (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073419
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic studies of the peritubular dentin in dogs.

PMID- 1073421
TI  - [A study on organ concentration of Macrolide and its similar antibiotics in oral
      region (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073422
TI  - [Assessment of pharyngeal flap operation by the fiberscope (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073423
TI  - [Cell kinetic studies on primary culture cells from squamous cell carcinoma of
      human oral region (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073424
TI  - [A study of clinical evaluation of speech aid in regard to speech therapy for
      cleft palate patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073425
TI  - [A case report of Warthin's tumor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073426
TI  - [Scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations on a case of
      leiomyomatous hamartoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073427
TI  - [BAR therapy of malignant tumors in the oral cavity. I. Clinical experience of
      BAR therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073428
TI  - [Acquired toxoplasmosis: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073429
TI  - [Cat scratch disease: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073430
TI  - [Vestibuloplasty by using free buccal mucosal graft in the area of premaxilla in
      cases of post operative bilateral cleft lip (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073431
TI  - [Immunotherapy of primary malignant melanoma of the palate with BCG: report of a
      case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073432
TI  - [Double blind, controlled study of pentazocine tablets in post-operative pain in
      oral surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073433
TI  - [Effect of dequalinium chloride troche in oral region (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073434
TI  - [Clinical use of Hachiazule-gargle in oral surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073436
TI  - [Rapid complete treatment of X-rays].

PMID- 1073435
TI  - [Clinical effects of water-soluble azulene upon inflammation and postoperative
      inflammation in oral surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073437
TI  - [Mixing of an investment and preparation of a cylinder].

PMID- 1073438
TI  - [Therapy for vertical articulation].

PMID- 1073439
TI  - Dental implantation.

PMID- 1073440
TI  - Problems and solutions.

PMID- 1073441
TI  - Photoelastic studies of the stress distributions on blade-type endosteal dental
      implants.

PMID- 1073442
TI  - A progress report: an atraumatic single tooth replacement implant procedure.

PMID- 1073443
TI  - Case report: vitreous carbon implant.

PMID- 1073444
TI  - Two case reports using vitreous carbon implants.

PMID- 1073445
TI  - Factors predisposing implant success--a continuing analysis of 173 implant
      patients.

PMID- 1073446
TI  - Applied harmonious occlusion and plaque prevention most important in implant
      success.

PMID- 1073447
TI  - Clinical observations of cortical and medullary bone regeneration surrounding the
      Linkow blade vent implant.

PMID- 1073449
TI  - Dental implantation.

PMID- 1073448
TI  - Clinical management of the endodontic implant.

PMID- 1073450
TI  - Implantology 1976--quo vademus.

PMID- 1073451
TI  - Problems and solutions.

PMID- 1073453
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of contaminated titanium implants following various
      cleaning techniques.

PMID- 1073452
TI  - Prosthodontics for the submerged functional implants.

PMID- 1073454
TI  - Atypical maxillary prosthodontic problems solved with intramucosal inserts--I.

PMID- 1073455
TI  - Splinting replicated tooth implants in baboons.

PMID- 1073456
TI  - The support system and the pergingival defense mechanism of oral implants.

PMID- 1073457
TI  - Techniques of oral surgery (IV).

PMID- 1073458
TI  - Healing tendencies of a radicular cyst following root canal obturation.

PMID- 1073459
TI  - Unusual cases from an orthodontic practice (VI).

PMID- 1073460
TI  - A method for improved radiograph interpretation.

PMID- 1073462
TI  - Patient management.

PMID- 1073461
TI  - Hidden source of dangerous mercury contamination.

PMID- 1073463
TI  - Cutaneous lesion of dental origin.

PMID- 1073464
TI  - Mandibular fractures.

PMID- 1073465
TI  - [Treatment of endogenic factors in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1073466
TI  - [Periodontal treatment].

PMID- 1073467
TI  - [Dental radiographic equipment past and present (II)].

PMID- 1073468
TI  - [Disinfection in dental practice].

PMID- 1073470
TI  - [Never surpassed].

PMID- 1073469
TI  - [Dentist as an environmental polluter?].

PMID- 1073471
TI  - [Unusual tooth retention].

PMID- 1073472
TI  - [Extraction of permanent teeth in orthodontic therapy (III)].

PMID- 1073473
TI  - [Locating root remains by means of amalgam].

PMID- 1073474
TI  - [Dosage problems by local anesthesia in dental practice].

PMID- 1073475
TI  - [Emergency kit for dental practice. Comparative study of emergency kit for dental
      practice on the German market].

PMID- 1073476
TI  - [Premedication before ambulatory dental treatment].

PMID- 1073477
TI  - [Regeneration of dentin in vital teeth].

PMID- 1073478
TI  - [Gnathological orthopedics (I)].

PMID- 1073479
TI  - [Extraction of permanent teeth in orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 1073480
TI  - [Tamponing the nasopharyngeal space with a new foam tamponade. Historical review
      and recent state].

PMID- 1073481
TI  - [Premedication of pregnant women before oral surgical treatment].

PMID- 1073482
TI  - [Replantation and transplantation, report of 2 cases].

PMID- 1073483
TI  - [Surgical-prosthetic treatment of a late case or prognathism].

PMID- 1073484
TI  - [Experiencies with the Water Pik irrigator by multiband therapy].

PMID- 1073485
TI  - [Grinding in orthodontics (II)].

PMID- 1073486
TI  - [Oral prophylaxis in a home for mentally retarded adults].

PMID- 1073487
TI  - [Foolproof filing of radiographs].

PMID- 1073488
TI  - [Oral surgery and radiation therapy].

PMID- 1073489
TI  - [Dental work concept and the dental industry].

PMID- 1073491
TI  - [Removal of impacted upper wisdom teeth].

PMID- 1073490
TI  - [Oral treatment of patients with xerostomia].

PMID- 1073493
TI  - [A new type of pin].

PMID- 1073494
TI  - [A rational system of crown preparation--revised and extended].

PMID- 1073492
TI  - [Caries immunization. New technics and hopes in American dentistry].

PMID- 1073496
TI  - [Extraction of permanent teeth in orthodontic therapy (II)].

PMID- 1073495
TI  - [Introduction to the preparation of Crozat appliances (II)].

PMID- 1073497
TI  - Dental caries research and the march of time.

PMID- 1073498
TI  - Drugs used for the anxious patient.

PMID- 1073499
TI  - General anaesthesia for conservative dentistry.

PMID- 1073501
TI  - Pulp protection.

PMID- 1073500
TI  - Stress and the dental practitioner.

PMID- 1073502
TI  - Research into bacterial contamination and healing of pulp wounds.

PMID- 1073503
TI  - [Autogenous transplants of retained canines].

PMID- 1073504
TI  - [A stethoscope for the auscultation of the temporomandibular joint (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1073505
TI  - [Physiopathology of inflammatory periodontal disease. II. Mechanism of
      inflammation].

PMID- 1073506
TI  - [The use of cabinet units in dentistry].

PMID- 1073507
TI  - [Dispenser for amalgam and mercury].

PMID- 1073509
TI  - [Professional, social and economic superaction. The dialogue the dentist has to
      win].

PMID- 1073508
TI  - [Marginal infiltration of NaI131 in root canal filling made with the help of
      silver and gutta-percha cones].

PMID- 1073510
TI  - [Osteogenic potential of some substances with calcium hydroxide base].

PMID- 1073511
TI  - [Topical application of fluoride associated with the use of sealants].

PMID- 1073513
TI  - [Distribution of dentists by district in the State of Sao Paulo].

PMID- 1073512
TI  - [Embryonic, anatomic, physiologic and surgical aspects related to labial frenum].

PMID- 1073514
TI  - [Behavior of wound healing in cases of dental extraction after implant of gelatin
      gauze. Histological study in rats].

PMID- 1073515
TI  - [Localized actinomycosis of the mandible].

PMID- 1073516
TI  - [Occlusion].

PMID- 1073517
TI  - [Disfunctions of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 1073518
TI  - [Causes for failure of periodontal surgery].

PMID- 1073519
TI  - [Average length of root canals].

PMID- 1073520
TI  - [Basis for implantation in a plan for dental health].

PMID- 1073521
TI  - [Sensitivity of microrganisms of root canals of human teeth to corticosteroid
      antibiotic-fungicide combinations].

PMID- 1073522
TI  - [Physical properties of gypsums influenced by water substitute].

PMID- 1073524
TI  - [Relationship between bacteria and faulty dentistry in the periodontal etiology].

PMID- 1073523
TI  - [Antimicrobial effect "in vitro" of some chemical substances in the chemical
      mechanical preparation of root canals utilized as disinfectants. (contribution to
      its study)].

PMID- 1073525
TI  - [Verification of activity of some medications on yeasts].

PMID- 1073526
TI  - [Psychology of organic diseases of the oral cavity. The emotional importance of
      the mouth].

PMID- 1073528
TI  - [Dental ergonomics. 2].

PMID- 1073527
TI  - [Oral manifestations of Addison's disease. Care of the patient].

PMID- 1073529
TI  - [Diameter of cannulas utilized for irrigation of root canals].

PMID- 1073530
TI  - [Lymphangioma: presentation of 3 cases with long control time].

PMID- 1073531
TI  - [Buccal manifestation of cutaneous, mucous leishmaniose].

PMID- 1073532
TI  - [Primary antibiotics in dentistry].

PMID- 1073533
TI  - [Evaluation of hypnosis in dental therapeutics].

PMID- 1073534
TI  - [Verification of changes of the TMJ that occurred with use of dentures].

PMID- 1073535
TI  - [Dental movement].

PMID- 1073536
TI  - [Aspects of bacterial participation in dental caries].

PMID- 1073537
TI  - [Time and motion studies utilizing conventional and simplified dental equipment
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073538
TI  - [(In vitro solubility and disintegration studies of two endodontic cements:
      Richkert Cement and Trin Canal) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073539
TI  - [Dental instruments--selection, arrangement and routine of use in the operative
      dentistry clinic of the "Faculdade de Farmacia e Odontologia de Ribeirao Preto
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073540
TI  - [Histochemistry of the inorganic components of the reparative process which
      occurs in dental pulps subjected to direct protection with calcium hydroxide,
      formagen, and zinc oxide and eugenol (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073541
TI  - [Dental clinic administration at the "Faculdade de Farmacia e Odontologia de
      Ribeirao Preto". (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073542
TI  - ["Topical fluoride--private practice and public health use" (self-application
      through mouth washes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073543
TI  - ["The status of the dentist and of the dental profession according to a poll
      conducted among high-school students" (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073544
TI  - [Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073545
TI  - [Clinical study of white patches of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 1073547
TI  - [Relation of oral infection to ophthalmology].

PMID- 1073546
TI  - [Therapeutic management in parotid tumors].

PMID- 1073548
TI  - Medicine and psychology.

PMID- 1073549
TI  - [The role of inflammation and trauma in the etiology of periodontal disease].

PMID- 1073550
TI  - [Tumors of the pontocerebellar angle (neurinomas of the acoustic) and the general
      stomatologist].

PMID- 1073551
TI  - [Histologic and histochemical study of the intralingual salivary glands in the
      human species].

PMID- 1073552
TI  - [Treacher Collins syndrome].

PMID- 1073554
TI  - [Cervicofacial cellulitis and its complications].

PMID- 1073553
TI  - [Anti-caries treatment].

PMID- 1073555
TI  - [Etiology and treatment of halitosis].

PMID- 1073556
TI  - [Interview with Dr. Ignacio Gallastegui, new president of the General Council of
      Colleges].

PMID- 1073558
TI  - [Auxiliary personnel in dentistry today].

PMID- 1073557
TI  - [Upper jaw injuries].

PMID- 1073560
TI  - [Dynamics of dental hygiene].

PMID- 1073559
TI  - [Considerations on epulis].

PMID- 1073561
TI  - [Causes of fatigue in professional practice].

PMID- 1073562
TI  - [Study of the immunoglobulins in the saliva in patients with monclonal
      gammopathies].

PMID- 1073563
TI  - [General anesthesia in an ambulatory manner in our private dental practice].

PMID- 1073564
TI  - [Odontogenic tumors. I. Epithelial tumors without mesenchymal induction].

PMID- 1073565
TI  - [Treatment of periapical reactions. Endoperiendodontia].

PMID- 1073566
TI  - [Study of the changes in the position of the tongue in those operated on for
      mandibular prognathism].

PMID- 1073567
TI  - [Desmoplastic fibromas].

PMID- 1073568
TI  - [Philosophy of periodontal treatment].

PMID- 1073569
TI  - [Quantification of salivary immunoglobulins in patients with dental caries].

PMID- 1073570
TI  - [Aphthae, aphthoid and aphthosis].

PMID- 1073571
TI  - [Effects of irradiation on jaws].

PMID- 1073572
TI  - [Norms for preventive medicine of the mouth].

PMID- 1073573
TI  - [Focal epithelial hyperplasia: Heck's disease].

PMID- 1073575
TI  - [Measurement of the size of the particles of amalgam alloys].

PMID- 1073574
TI  - [The dental plaque index related to labial frenum].

PMID- 1073576
TI  - [The tensile strength of amalgam specimens obtained from 5 silver alloys].

PMID- 1073577
TI  - ["In vitro" comparative study of protective effect between polyacrylate liquid
      and cavity varnishes].

PMID- 1073578
TI  - [Stereophotogrammetry: Study of mandibular movements in occlusal rehabilitation.
      1].

PMID- 1073579
TI  - [Vectorial analysis of the occlusal forces balance at the level of centric
      occlusion by means of the stereophotogrammetry].

PMID- 1073580
TI  - [Effects of sand blasting on the surface hardness of silver-tin alloy casts].

PMID- 1073581
TI  - [Stereophotogrametric evaluation of the interproximal contact, in amalgam
      restorations as related to the type of matrix-retainers and matrices. I. Upper
      1st bicuspid].

PMID- 1073582
TI  - [The effect of some materials used as matrices on the solubility and
      desintegration of dental silicate cements].

PMID- 1073583
TI  - [Retention of thread steel pins on human dentin].

PMID- 1073584
TI  - [Contribution to the study of fixing stock porcelain facets in metallic
      structures using:- Porcelain, zinc phosphate cements, silico phosphate cements,
      policarboxylate cements, composite resin, metallic porcelain and porcelain bound
      to metal].

PMID- 1073585
TI  - [Mechanical properties of materials for facial prosthesis, in relation to aging
      and the inclusion of a nylon mesh].

PMID- 1073586
TI  - [Recordings of centric relation by graphic methods].

PMID- 1073587
TI  - [Comparative study of the prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth of
      school children living in regions with high and low fluorides].

PMID- 1073588
TI  - [Some aspects of dental fluorosis].

PMID- 1073589
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Staphylococcus isolated of the mouth. IV.
      Staphylococcus isolated from infected root canals].

PMID- 1073590
TI  - [A cephalometric study of some cranio-facial variations].

PMID- 1073591
TI  - [Anatomical study of the communicating sinus beneath the trigeminal-mandibular].

PMID- 1073592
TI  - [Aneurysmal bone cyst].

PMID- 1073593
TI  - [Didactic situation of extramural work].

PMID- 1073594
TI  - [Dentistry and society; a socio-odontological essay].

PMID- 1073595
TI  - [Necessity for changes in the curricula of studies in the schools for health
      sciences].

PMID- 1073596
TI  - [The course of study for oral diagnosis in the dental school of the University of
      Concepcion (Chile)].

PMID- 1073597
TI  - [Fundamentals for the establishment of a policy for the development of dental
      auxilliary personnel].

PMID- 1073598
TI  - [Considerations on the teaching of surgery in Latin America].

PMID- 1073599
TI  - [Critique of the functions of the university; an attempt to reply].

PMID- 1073600
TI  - [Aspects on prevention in reports of the Latin America dental schools].

PMID- 1073601
TI  - [Prevention in dentistry: need an objective focus oriented to the characteristics
      of Latin America].

PMID- 1073602
TI  - [Model for curricular design in the health sciences].

PMID- 1073604
TI  - [Finishing of complete crowns and its relation to periodontal health].

PMID- 1073603
TI  - [Hereditary ectodermal dysplasia (Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome) Review.
      Report of 4 cases].

PMID- 1073605
TI  - [Oral health in Colombia].

PMID- 1073606
TI  - [Ectopic eruption of the upper permanent first molar].

PMID- 1073607
TI  - [Cleft lip and palate in the Red Cross Children's Hospital in Medellin].

PMID- 1073608
TI  - [Construction of dental arches].

PMID- 1073609
TI  - [The 10 most frequent anomalies in 557 patients in a dental clinic. I].

PMID- 1073610
TI  - [Diagnoses of 557 patients in a dental clinic. II].

PMID- 1073611
TI  - [Epidemiologic studies of oral anomalies and diseases in the Department at
      Antioquia. I. Pupils of Bolivar].

PMID- 1073612
TI  - [Epidemiologic studies of oral anomalies and diseases in the Department at
      Antioquia. II. Pupils of Dabeiba].

PMID- 1073613
TI  - [Epidemiologic studies of oral anomalies and diseases in the Department at
      Antioquia. III. Katio Indian pupils of Dabeiba].

PMID- 1073614
TI  - [Epidemiologic studies of oral anomalies and diseases in the Department at
      Antioquia. IV. Pupils of Entrerrios].

PMID- 1073615
TI  - [Epidemiologic studies of oral anomalies and diseases in the Department at
      Antioquia. V. Summary and conclusions: the 9 most frequent lesions in 883
      Antioqueno pupils].

PMID- 1073616
TI  - [Failures in implantation].

PMID- 1073618
TI  - [Reality of fluoridation. Aspects for consideration and meditation].

PMID- 1073617
TI  - [Technic for splinting mobile teeth].

PMID- 1073619
TI  - [Geographic tongue. Clinical and histopathological aspects].

PMID- 1073620
TI  - [Topographic study of roots and canals of upper incisors for endodontic reasons].

PMID- 1073621
TI  - [Grafts of single rooted teeth. Surgical technic. Preliminary communication)].

PMID- 1073622
TI  - [New stage in the solution of endodontic problems. Continuity of continuing
      dynamic obturation].

PMID- 1073623
TI  - [The Nuva Lite lamp].

PMID- 1073624
TI  - [An anthropologic vision in dentistry].

PMID- 1073625
TI  - [The problem of the reproduction of the articular mechanism in modern dentistry].

PMID- 1073627
TI  - [No artificial fluoridation is necessary].

PMID- 1073626
TI  - [Maxillary orthopedic treatment in adults].

PMID- 1073628
TI  - [Global dental education].

PMID- 1073629
TI  - [Effects of decontamination of the skin contaminated with various R-agents, using
      methods suitable for field practice].

PMID- 1073630
TI  - [Candida albicans infections in patients hospitalized with lung diseases].

PMID- 1073631
TI  - [Benign tumors of the nerve sheath in the area of the ear, nose and eye and their
      surgical treatment].

PMID- 1073632
TI  - [Effect of iontophoresis using calcium, phosphorus, galvanic current and vitamin
      D on the speed of bone-defect healing in a dog].

PMID- 1073633
TI  - [Surgical intervention on the remaining functioning kidney and its ureter].

PMID- 1073634
TI  - [Effect of measured physical performance on fibrinolytic activity and some
      coagulation factors].

PMID- 1073635
TI  - [Value of audiovestibular testing in the early diagnosis of occupational carbon
      disulfide poisoning].

PMID- 1073636
TI  - [Production of intravenous fibrinogen. Experience of the blood transfusion
      department at the Military Medical Academy].

PMID- 1073637
TI  - [Reconstruction of the thumb].

PMID- 1073638
TI  - Transplantation of maxillary canine.

PMID- 1073639
TI  - Morphological variations of root canals of distal root of lower second molar.

PMID- 1073640
TI  - Scanning electron microscopical study on morphological changes in surfaces of the
      mandibular joint because of resorption.

PMID- 1073641
TI  - Response of free-fiber endings to ramp mechanical stimulation applied to the cat
      mandibular periosteum.

PMID- 1073642
TI  - Clinico-pathological observations on the healing effects of human vital pulp
      wounds with calcium hydroxide pastes.

PMID- 1073644
TI  - [General Assembly of the National Confederation of Dental Syndicates. Motion].

PMID- 1073643
TI  - [Scapegoats].

PMID- 1073645
TI  - [Reflections].

PMID- 1073647
TI  - [Selection].

PMID- 1073646
TI  - [Democratic elections].

PMID- 1073648
TI  - [Nomenclature].

PMID- 1073649
TI  - [Project to reform the Code of Deontology].

PMID- 1073650
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy in endodontic technics. II. Research on antibiotic
      combinations].

PMID- 1073651
TI  - [Deglutition and the periodontium].

PMID- 1073652
TI  - [Contract with a colleague: what solution?].

PMID- 1073653
TI  - [Conjunctural relativity].

PMID- 1073655
TI  - [The cisterer of the Danaides].

PMID- 1073654
TI  - [Professional rents].

PMID- 1073657
TI  - [The anger of dentists: a risk for the public].

PMID- 1073656
TI  - [Social Security claims].

PMID- 1073658
TI  - [Change in continuity].

PMID- 1073659
TI  - [Use of a semi-synthetic penicillin in current dental practice].

PMID- 1073660
TI  - [Antibiotic therapy in endodontic technics. III. Various local antibiotics].

PMID- 1073661
TI  - [The voice of the silent].

PMID- 1073662
TI  - [A crisis avoided].

PMID- 1073663
TI  - "The dense bone anomaly".

PMID- 1073664
TI  - Deglutition.

PMID- 1073665
TI  - Investigation of corrosion of alloys using neutron activation and gamma-ray
      spectrometry. I--principle of the method and its testing on dental amalgams.

PMID- 1073666
TI  - Thickness of enamel and dentin in different locations of the crown portion in
      premolars and their relation to conservative treatment.

PMID- 1073667
TI  - The use of contraceptive pills in treatment of recurrent aphthous ulceration.

PMID- 1073668
TI  - Significance of medical status in general dental practice.

PMID- 1073669
TI  - The effect of curing cycles and mold materials on porosity of acrylic resin.

PMID- 1073670
TI  - [Ehlers-Danlos' syndrome oral and dental manifestations: a clinico
      roentgenographic study on four cases].

PMID- 1073671
TI  - A prophylographic study of surface roughness after finishing and polishing of
      stainless steel and chrome cobalt alloys.

PMID- 1073672
TI  - A study of the influence of low mercury ratio on the compressive strength and
      microstructure of amalgam.

PMID- 1073673
TI  - Treatment of acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis by chlorhexidine and
      cetrimide a clinical report--I.

PMID- 1073675
TI  - The various cystic potentialities of the enamel organ.

PMID- 1073674
TI  - Distribution of alveolar bone defects in marginal periodontitis.

PMID- 1073676
TI  - A study of the incidence and distribution of root surface caries and its relation
      to periodontal disease.

PMID- 1073677
TI  - Comparative stress analysis of resistance of tooth structures with certain forms
      of preparation to fracture under occlusal load.

PMID- 1073678
TI  - Reimplantation of maxillary anterior teeth.

PMID- 1073679
TI  - Frequency and surgical management of benign and malignant tumors of the maxilla.
      Study of 224 cases.

PMID- 1073680
TI  - Investigation of corrosion of alloys using neutron activation and gamma-ray
      spectometry. II--effect of certain oral environments on the corrosion of dental
      amalgam.

PMID- 1073681
TI  - Histochemical investigation about the influence of the thyroid on the major
      salivary glands in rats.

PMID- 1073682
TI  - Specific granulomatous diseases of the gingiva.

PMID- 1073683
TI  - New trends in evaluation and management of recurrent ankylosis of the
      temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 1073684
TI  - [The influence of stress on the eruption rate of molars and incisors teeth of the
      rat (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073685
TI  - [Influence of salivary glands parotid and submandibulary in the eruption, growing
      and calcification of the incisive and molar teeth of rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073686
TI  - [Fracture strength of amalgam "restorations" made from different alloy particles
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073687
TI  - Reactions of rat connective tissues to composite resins containing barium
      fluoride .

PMID- 1073688
TI  - [Biologic effects of dental materials 9. Effect of zinc-oxide eugenol cements on
      hela cells "in vitro" (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073689
TI  - [Influence of the plasmatic levels of sodium on the ionitic composition of the
      parotid saliva of the dog (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073690
TI  - [Efficacy and applicability of some odontometric methods (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073691
TI  - [Quantitative study of the penetration of phosphoric acid from zinc phosphate
      cement into pulp protecting material containing calcium hydroxide (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1073692
TI  - [Dextranases in dental caries prevention--"in vitro" studies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073693
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the ion fluoride determination in the public water
      supply system (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073694
TI  - [The nature of nuclear enlargement in urethane and isoprotenol-stimulated
      salivary glands (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073695
TI  - [A technique of isolation of the auriculotemporal nerve of the dog for the study
      of the parotid gland (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073696
TI  - [Laboratory diagnosis of hemophilia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073697
TI  - [Clinical and laboratory study of a family with hemophilia A (factor VIII
      deficiency (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073698
TI  - [Assay of antihemophilis globulin (factor VIII) in carriers of hemophilia
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073699
TI  - [The formation of reparative dentin in dental pulps after protection with calcium
      hydroxide, formagen and zinc oxide and eugenol (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073700
TI  - [Histochemistry of glycoproteins in the healing process of the dental pulp after
      protection with calcium hydroxide, formagen and zinc oxide and eugenol (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1073702
TI  - Relative analgesia machines.

PMID- 1073703
TI  - The approach to pain (prize winning entry of the Peter Chambiras Memorial Essay
      Competition--1974).

PMID- 1073701
TI  - [Prevalence of dental caries in students of Birigui City (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073704
TI  - Contraindications to the use of catecholamine vasoconstrictors in dental local
      analgesics.

PMID- 1073705
TI  - An unusual reaction to intravenous diazepam.

PMID- 1073706
TI  - Alfathesin in dentistry.

PMID- 1073708
TI  - The role of suggestion and hypnosis in dental practice.

PMID- 1073707
TI  - Psychology-dentistry: patient management hints.

PMID- 1073709
TI  - Application of pit and fissure sealant--the role of the dental assistant.

PMID- 1073710
TI  - Collective bargaining.

PMID- 1073711
TI  - Credit cards confusion or control?

PMID- 1073713
TI  - The "girl" syndrome in dentistry.

PMID- 1073714
TI  - A depressing situation.

PMID- 1073712
TI  - Medicated air.

PMID- 1073715
TI  - Acupuncture analgesia.

PMID- 1073716
TI  - Instrument transfer.

PMID- 1073717
TI  - Salary survey results.

PMID- 1073718
TI  - Biting power.

PMID- 1073719
TI  - Consumer concerns and dental care.

PMID- 1073721
TI  - Dentistry and the mentally ill.

PMID- 1073720
TI  - Principles of crown and bridge.

PMID- 1073722
TI  - Children's teeth.

PMID- 1073723
TI  - Dentistry in Ecuador.

PMID- 1073725
TI  - Wishbone versus backbone.

PMID- 1073724
TI  - President's inaugural address.

PMID- 1073726
TI  - Professionalism 1: the conduct, aims, or qualities that characterize or mark a
      profession or a professional person.

PMID- 1073727
TI  - Aggressive assistants.

PMID- 1073728
TI  - Interpersonal communications.

PMID- 1073729
TI  - Assisting in periodontal surgery.

PMID- 1073730
TI  - Beyond behavioral objectives.

PMID- 1073731
TI  - [Reduction and blocking of fractures of both jaws in road accidents].

PMID- 1073732
TI  - [Bacterial plaque].

PMID- 1073733
TI  - [Pantomograph and odontostomatologic legal investigation: proposal of a method of
      systematic analysis].

PMID- 1073734
TI  - [Dental diagnosis in Babylonian tablets in the collections of Hippocrates and
      Galen].

PMID- 1073735
TI  - [Research on erythromycin and spiramycin in saliva].

PMID- 1073736
TI  - [Mesiodens in deciduous and permanent dentition].

PMID- 1073737
TI  - [Orthodontic prevention: inhibition of non physiologic reflexes].

PMID- 1073738
TI  - [Endosseous blade implant].

PMID- 1073739
TI  - [Unusual sequelae of surgical repositioning of an impacted premolar].

PMID- 1073740
TI  - [A very rare case of lingual displacement of a lower 3d molar].

PMID- 1073741
TI  - [Visit to the New Cross School for dental auxiliaries].

PMID- 1073743
TI  - [Curved needles. Hook for easy cortical implantation without inherent risk of
      insertion].

PMID- 1073742
TI  - [The 3-stage method].

PMID- 1073744
TI  - [Dental plaque and its pathologic entity].

PMID- 1073745
TI  - [Rare lesions of the oral cavity in uremic patients].

PMID- 1073746
TI  - [Ameba, trichomonas and oral pathology].

PMID- 1073747
TI  - [Panoramic tomography: indications and limitations of dentistry].

PMID- 1073748
TI  - [Histological studies of tissue repair relationship between the periosteum and
      dento-alveolar ligament].

PMID- 1073749
TI  - [A case of mandibulo-facial dysostosis].

PMID- 1073750
TI  - [A new surgical method for the treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis:
      conservation of the meniscus or attempt to reconstruct an equivalent structure
      with propulsion movement].

PMID- 1073751
TI  - [Trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 1073752
TI  - [Importance of tomography in the diagnosis of maxillo-facial surgery].

PMID- 1073753
TI  - The National Board Committee on Dental Hygiene.

PMID- 1073754
TI  - Fluoridation.

PMID- 1073755
TI  - The role of the dental hygienists as a nutritional counselor.

PMID- 1073756
TI  - What is the role of a consultant?

PMID- 1073758
TI  - Radiation health.

PMID- 1073757
TI  - Viewpoint: equal opportunity.

PMID- 1073759
TI  - Root planing--a review of the literature.

PMID- 1073760
TI  - The cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans.

PMID- 1073761
TI  - An evaluation of a course in pre-clinical dental hygiene.

PMID- 1073762
TI  - 1975 activities of the Committee on Dental Hygiene Education.

PMID- 1073763
TI  - Dietary sucrose: dental dilemma.

PMID- 1073764
TI  - Increasing the objectivity of clinical grading.

PMID- 1073766
TI  - Viewpoint: pursuit of excellence.

PMID- 1073765
TI  - Income tax audit--it could happen to you.

PMID- 1073767
TI  - Patient views on team dentistry and expanded duties.

PMID- 1073768
TI  - Partners in progress.

PMID- 1073769
TI  - Community aspects of preventive dentistry: past, present and future.

PMID- 1073770
TI  - Viewpoint: the bicentennial and dissent.

PMID- 1073771
TI  - Expanded-function dental hygiene student performance evaluations.

PMID- 1073773
TI  - Communication--not confusion.

PMID- 1073772
TI  - Wood points currently available as an aid to oral hygiene.

PMID- 1073774
TI  - Efficient design crucial to smooth patient flow in multiple-dentist practice.

PMID- 1073775
TI  - Public assistance: a case of systemic disease?

PMID- 1073776
TI  - The 'Hollywood bridge': make-believe smile can set an esthetic example.

PMID- 1073777
TI  - Endodontic treatment of fused incisor teeth.

PMID- 1073778
TI  - Transient loss of consciousness: common faint or serious symptom?

PMID- 1073779
TI  - Is dentistry's future threatened?

PMID- 1073781
TI  - HIP plane of occlusion in oral diagnosis.

PMID- 1073780
TI  - 'Dentistry is on the move, and future is exciting...'.

PMID- 1073782
TI  - Persuading patients to accept the benefits of good dentistry.

PMID- 1073783
TI  - A vaccine for Hepatitis B? An epidemic of Hepatitis A?

PMID- 1073784
TI  - Home-like office blends interior, exterior.

PMID- 1073785
TI  - Open, colorful design helps build 'positive patient attitude'.

PMID- 1073786
TI  - Criticism: keep it 'in the family'.

PMID- 1073787
TI  - Dental management of the irradiated patient.

PMID- 1073788
TI  - Dental careers for women: start with school counselors.

PMID- 1073789
TI  - The hyperventilation syndrome: diagnosis and management.

PMID- 1073790
TI  - Simplified composite technic for placing porcelain pontics.

PMID- 1073791
TI  - Study gauges effect of pyramids on oral prosthetic materials.

PMID- 1073793
TI  - Emergency medical symbol alerts dentists to problem patients.

PMID- 1073792
TI  - The dental materials dilemma.

PMID- 1073794
TI  - Design promotes group teamwork.

PMID- 1073795
TI  - Today's progressive dental supplier: practice adviser in a time of change.

PMID- 1073796
TI  - Your dental supply representative: versatile member of your staff.

PMID- 1073797
TI  - Communication in the dental office with hearing-impaired children.

PMID- 1073798
TI  - Use of periodontally involved roots to retain a complete lower denture.

PMID- 1073799
TI  - Dental manpower argument centers on punitive issue.

PMID- 1073800
TI  - Practice philosophy lays groundwork for an enduring group practice.

PMID- 1073801
TI  - How to make a practice grow.

PMID- 1073802
TI  - How an interior decorator looks at the dental office.

PMID- 1073803
TI  - Open design uses portable 'walls'.

PMID- 1073804
TI  - Young partners share pleasures of preventive practice.

PMID- 1073805
TI  - Why expansion may be better than moving.

PMID- 1073806
TI  - Office planning and purchasing: a dental supplier offers some practical pointers.

PMID- 1073807
TI  - Design affords openness--both inside and out.

PMID- 1073808
TI  - Two dentists plan for dual convenience.

PMID- 1073809
TI  - The mechanics and physical properties of wires.

PMID- 1073810
TI  - Examining the future.

PMID- 1073811
TI  - Resilient lining materials.

PMID- 1073812
TI  - Spotlight on laboratories.

PMID- 1073813
TI  - An appliance to be worn at night for the heavy tooth grinder.

PMID- 1073814
TI  - Liaison between technician and dental surgeon.

PMID- 1073815
TI  - Dental technology instruction in dental schools of the United Kingdom and
      Ireland: a survey.

PMID- 1073816
TI  - Revised salary scales.

PMID- 1073818
TI  - New thinking orthodontics.

PMID- 1073817
TI  - Dental technology instruction in dental schools of the United Kingdom and
      Ireland: a survey. II.

PMID- 1073819
TI  - Elective root treatment and anterior bridgework.

PMID- 1073821
TI  - Wide-angle lenses.

PMID- 1073820
TI  - The treatment of cancer by immunotherapy.

PMID- 1073822
TI  - There is nothing new in preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1073823
TI  - The difficult full lower denture.

PMID- 1073824
TI  - Excision and biopsy in soft tissue: 1.

PMID- 1073825
TI  - The routine extraction of teeth with forceps and elevators.

PMID- 1073827
TI  - The Cordent Dental Trust.

PMID- 1073826
TI  - The enigma of infective endocarditis.

PMID- 1073828
TI  - Overbite: variations and management: 1.

PMID- 1073829
TI  - Tumours and tumour-like lesions.

PMID- 1073830
TI  - The incision and biopsy in soft tissue.

PMID- 1073831
TI  - Overbite: variations and management: 2.

PMID- 1073832
TI  - Ceramics in crown and bridge work.

PMID- 1073833
TI  - Solution to problem of recurring denture fractures.

PMID- 1073834
TI  - Police request.

PMID- 1073835
TI  - Periodontal pockets: a new instrument for their easier measurement.

PMID- 1073836
TI  - Attrition, abrasion, erosion and the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 1073849
TI  - [Disillusioned purposes].

PMID- 1073850
TI  - [Pulpo-dentinal protection and root canal therapy based on new histopathologic
      data].

PMID- 1073851
TI  - [Financial system].

PMID- 1073852
TI  - [Face lifting of the forehead].

PMID- 1073853
TI  - [Single replacement by dental homografts].

PMID- 1073854
TI  - [The French Union for Oro-dental Health. Committee on Oro-dental Hygiene at Haut
      Rhin. Statistics of infant schools. School year 1973-1974].

PMID- 1073855
TI  - [A visit with the Faculty of Dental Surgery at Clermont-Ferrand].

PMID- 1073856
TI  - [Judicial, financial problems. Salaries. Social Security, health insurance].

PMID- 1073857
TI  - [Clinical experiment with a composite adhesive. Evaluation after one year of
      use].

PMID- 1073858
TI  - [Septicemia of dental origin].

PMID- 1073859
TI  - [Financial system].

PMID- 1073860
TI  - [What importance is attributed to the ANB angle as an element of measurement of
      intermaxillary relations in the Taylor method of orthodontic teleradiography?].

PMID- 1073861
TI  - [Complication of an impacted canine tooth].

PMID- 1073862
TI  - [Project of the National Convention].

PMID- 1073863
TI  - [Opinion of the National Treasury of Patient Insurance of salaried workers].

PMID- 1073864
TI  - [Rent].

PMID- 1073865
TI  - [Method of measuring intermaxillary relations applied to myocentric relation].

PMID- 1073866
TI  - [Local-regional anesthesia in the mandible. Utilization review of technics for
      students as a function of current material].

PMID- 1073867
TI  - [Mutual fund societies: restriction of deductable fee reimbursements].

PMID- 1073868
TI  - Doctors and technicians.

PMID- 1073869
TI  - Is myofunctional therapy a waste of time?

PMID- 1073870
TI  - Serum hepatitis.

PMID- 1073871
TI  - Harmful myths about heart disease.

PMID- 1073872
TI  - The gingival pedicle graft.

PMID- 1073873
TI  - Periapical healing in the presence of overextended root canal filling materials.

PMID- 1073875
TI  - What a day for a daydream.

PMID- 1073874
TI  - A case for Peer Review.

PMID- 1073876
TI  - Does dentistry need a press agent?

PMID- 1073878
TI  - Geriatric dentistry.

PMID- 1073877
TI  - Potlatch is something else.

PMID- 1073879
TI  - Transplant that third molar!!

PMID- 1073880
TI  - Operative dentistry of today.

PMID- 1073881
TI  - Group practice: How? When? Where? Why? Who?

PMID- 1073882
TI  - Patient records.

PMID- 1073883
TI  - Patient management.

PMID- 1073884
TI  - Communication workers of America Dental Insurance Plan.

PMID- 1073886
TI  - Three distinct etiological factors in temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

PMID- 1073885
TI  - Patient management through conscious sedation.

PMID- 1073887
TI  - Don't they all wear dentures?

PMID- 1073888
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1073889
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1073890
TI  - Acute dislocation of the temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 1073891
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1073892
TI  - Repair of a perforation in the bifurcation of a mandibular molar. Report of a
      case.

PMID- 1073893
TI  - Hypermelanosis of unknown etiology.

PMID- 1073894
TI  - Psychotherapy through dentistry.

PMID- 1073895
TI  - "Rip-off" or awareness.

PMID- 1073896
TI  - Malpractice litigation--an overview.

PMID- 1073897
TI  - Code of ethics in relation to private practice.

PMID- 1073898
TI  - A soft tissue profile analysis of young adult Filipino dental students population
      with normal occlusion. A preliminary study.

PMID- 1073899
TI  - Preventive orthodontics for the general dental practitioner.

PMID- 1073900
TI  - Fluoridation of greater Manila: in prospect.

PMID- 1073902
TI  - Change and the professional man.

PMID- 1073901
TI  - Rehabilitation of cleft lip-cleft palate patients--AFP dental service (a
      preliminary report).

PMID- 1073903
TI  - Behavior guidance of the child patients in the dental office.

PMID- 1073904
TI  - Effects of tetracyclines on developing dentition.

PMID- 1073905
TI  - Fluorides and dental health.

PMID- 1073906
TI  - Serial extration (an orthodontic challenge for the general practitioner).

PMID- 1073907
TI  - Public acceptance of dental preventive measures.

PMID- 1073909
TI  - Dentistry and the federal government.

PMID- 1073908
TI  - The chewing stick: its uses and relationship to oral health.

PMID- 1073910
TI  - The inter-relationship of endodontic-periodontic lesions.

PMID- 1073911
TI  - Preventive endodontics.

PMID- 1073912
TI  - The dental interview can be constructive.

PMID- 1073913
TI  - Social work and preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1073914
TI  - Benefits of prevention.

PMID- 1073916
TI  - Duplication of radiographs.

PMID- 1073915
TI  - What is missing in preventive dentistry?

PMID- 1073917
TI  - Determining the MDA's legislative policy.

PMID- 1073919
TI  - A one-hundredth anniversary.

PMID- 1073918
TI  - Polyether, polysulfide and silicone rubber impression materials. 1: quality of
      silverplated dies.

PMID- 1073920
TI  - Trick or treat.

PMID- 1073922
TI  - A new approach to the intra-alveolar appliance.

PMID- 1073921
TI  - Polyether, polysulfide and silicone rubber impression materials. 2: accuracy of
      silverplated dies.

PMID- 1073923
TI  - Stop motivating and simplify.

PMID- 1073924
TI  - The quality of dentistry is not strained, or is it?

PMID- 1073925
TI  - Help!

PMID- 1073926
TI  - The profession's response to social change.

PMID- 1073927
TI  - Dentistry's challenge today.

PMID- 1073928
TI  - Dentistry responds to the demand for change.

PMID- 1073929
TI  - Direction for the management of tomorrow's problems.

PMID- 1073930
TI  - The current status of dentistry.

PMID- 1073931
TI  - Proposed rules 'high priority'.

PMID- 1073932
TI  - A period of rapid growth.

PMID- 1073933
TI  - Involvement or default.

PMID- 1073934
TI  - Preliminary report on a study of the automobile employees' dental benefits. 1:
      practice characteristics in three Michigan counties.

PMID- 1073935
TI  - [Possibilities of the individual articulators and limits of the semi-individual
      articulators].

PMID- 1073936
TI  - [Guidelines for the prosthodontist who stops at the use of articulators of medium
      value].

PMID- 1073937
TI  - [Sutural growth of the skull].

PMID- 1073938
TI  - [The structure of subgingival plaque in the Beagle dog].

PMID- 1073940
TI  - [Objectives of orthodontic treatment: biological compromise].

PMID- 1073939
TI  - [Specific indications for inlays].

PMID- 1073941
TI  - [Pedodontic considerations].

PMID- 1073942
TI  - [General anesthesia in dental treatment of children].

PMID- 1073943
TI  - [Medical and legal aspects of general anesthesia in dentistry].

PMID- 1073944
TI  - [General anesthesia in dentistry. Interventions of prolonged duration].

PMID- 1073945
TI  - [Chlorhexidine in clinical practice].

PMID- 1073947
TI  - [Implants in the prevention of bone atrophy].

PMID- 1073946
TI  - [Electronmicroscopic study of the odonto-gingival junction].

PMID- 1073948
TI  - [5-year experience with Linkow plates].

PMID- 1073949
TI  - [Up-dates in diagnosis and therapy of dento-maxillo-facial malformations].

PMID- 1073950
TI  - [Osteogenic action of the dental pulp in autologous and homologous transplants].

PMID- 1073951
TI  - [Ultrastructure of gingival epithelium in man].

PMID- 1073952
TI  - Insurance for valuable papers.

PMID- 1073953
TI  - The new pension law.

PMID- 1073954
TI  - "Auxiliary" and its application to the dental laboratory industry.

PMID- 1073956
TI  - An important victory for our industry.

PMID- 1073955
TI  - Good intentions, bad economics.

PMID- 1073957
TI  - Pension plan or profit-sharing, which should your laboratory adopt?

PMID- 1073958
TI  - The economy--where are we?

PMID- 1073959
TI  - Dental care benefits helping our industry.

PMID- 1073961
TI  - Gold rush '75.

PMID- 1073960
TI  - Group dental insurance is making our future look much brighter.

PMID- 1073962
TI  - Mercury contamination of the dental office and central air conditioning.

PMID- 1073963
TI  - The newer odontogenic tumors.

PMID- 1073964
TI  - One hundred and nineteen years.

PMID- 1073965
TI  - We're number one.

PMID- 1073966
TI  - President's report: action not reaction.

PMID- 1073967
TI  - President's report: were you there?

PMID- 1073968
TI  - The Indiana Plan.

PMID- 1073970
TI  - A survey of hospital dental service and dental emergency care in North Carolina.

PMID- 1073969
TI  - Clinical observations of persons using antacids.

PMID- 1073971
TI  - United we stand.

PMID- 1073972
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1073973
TI  - Some thoughts concerning preventive dental health education.

PMID- 1073975
TI  - The hemostatic mechanism: mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic considerations.

PMID- 1073974
TI  - Fluoride levels in drinking water.

PMID- 1073976
TI  - You receive from a dental society...what you put into it.

PMID- 1073977
TI  - Crossfire.

PMID- 1073978
TI  - Welcome new members.

PMID- 1073979
TI  - Pattern for the future.

PMID- 1073980
TI  - Impulse conduction in the oculomotor nerve after stimulation of receptors in the
      periodontal membrane.

PMID- 1073981
TI  - Halitosis or bad breath.

PMID- 1073983
TI  - The preventive approach as a practice builder.

PMID- 1073982
TI  - Group plaque control instruction.

PMID- 1073984
TI  - Group O.H.I. experiment with navy personnel.

PMID- 1073985
TI  - Space age dentistry.

PMID- 1073986
TI  - The true rewards of preventive practice.

PMID- 1073987
TI  - Plaque prevention: a summary of the status of anti-bacterial agents.

PMID- 1073989
TI  - [The enamel organ (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073988
TI  - [Correction of mandibular deformities by Kole surgical method (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073990
TI  - [Tooth extraction in the presence of acute infection (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073991
TI  - [Inner enamel epithelium--amelogenesis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073992
TI  - [Anterior alveolar osteotomy as treatment for maxillary protrusion (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1073993
TI  - [Ranula (report of 16 cases) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073994
TI  - [Evaluation of the concept of "ideal occlusion" as a basic prerequisite for the
      study of occlusion (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073995
TI  - [A case of oral rehabilitation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073996
TI  - [Local anaesthetic in dentistry (author's transl)].

PMID- 1073997
TI  - [Prosthetic treatment of patients with cleft palate].

PMID- 1073998
TI  - [Conservation of the vitality of the pulp under deep dental caries].

PMID- 1073999
TI  - [Temporary fixation with composites].

PMID- 1074000
TI  - [Basic principles of endodontic operative technique].

PMID- 1074001
TI  - [Generalities on the face bow].

PMID- 1074002
TI  - [Our experience in maxillofacial trauma].

PMID- 1074003
TI  - [Dental health education. Basic elements in programming].

PMID- 1074004
TI  - [Solubility of human enamel].

PMID- 1074006
TI  - Temporomandibular joint syndrome: a dental disease.

PMID- 1074005
TI  - [Endosseous implantation (preliminary communication)].

PMID- 1074007
TI  - The Christian science patient.

PMID- 1074008
TI  - Dentists applaud the rising cost of sugar.

PMID- 1074010
TI  - Dental fees.

PMID- 1074009
TI  - What will your salary be?

PMID- 1074011
TI  - National health insurance, United States.

PMID- 1074012
TI  - Dental survey encouraging... yet alarming!

PMID- 1074013
TI  - Cyanocrylates and retention of pins.

PMID- 1074015
TI  - Conservation of alveolar bone.

PMID- 1074014
TI  - Risko: A way to alert you to the risks of heart attack.

PMID- 1074016
TI  - Dental assistants and X-rays.

PMID- 1074017
TI  - Japanese garden grows at Grove Oklahoma.

PMID- 1074018
TI  - Sense-able aids in periodontal diagnosis.

PMID- 1074019
TI  - [Bruxism, its diagnosis and treatment].

PMID- 1074020
TI  - [A teaching method for the delegation of functions in operative dentistry in the
      5th year clinic].

PMID- 1074021
TI  - [How the teeth are named and appear].

PMID- 1074022
TI  - [Clinical experiences in the treatment of exposed pulp].

PMID- 1074023
TI  - [Clinical EMG of interfering occlusal contacts. I. Diagnosis of interfering
      occlusal contacts (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074024
TI  - [Radiological investigations on teeth and their surrounding structures during the
      tooth movement (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074025
TI  - [Autoradiographic studies of the organic matrix formation of enamel (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074026
TI  - [Apical terminus of root canal treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074027
TI  - [Variation of 99mTc04-uptakes in salivary gland (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074028
TI  - [The relationships between first molar and incisor in the maxillary protrusion
      group (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074029
TI  - [Influence of the resistance and capacitances at the initial and maxium time of
      the transient by the single half sine wave (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074030
TI  - [Studies of the radiation dose in dental radiography--effects of changing
      kilovoltage and filter thickness (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074031
TI  - [Age changes of the factors composing OFI (Occlusion Feature Index) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074032
TI  - [The inhibitory effect of some antibiotics upon histamine production and growth
      of proteus morganii. Gentamycin, tetracycline, penicillin, streptomycin and
      combination of penicillin with streptomycin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074033
TI  - [Effect of chlorhexidine on cultured cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074034
TI  - [Study on the eruption locality of the permanent teeth. I: study on deciduous
      dental arches with chronological casts (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074035
TI  - [Effect of the irradiation on the process of callus formation in the fractures
      site (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074036
TI  - [The effect of mosteron after tooth preparation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074037
TI  - [Contamination of pig bristle toothbrushes by daily use, observed with the
      scanning electron microscope (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074038
TI  - [Anatomical studies on the osseous palate of modern Germans in Franken district.
      1. Measurement of osseous palate (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074039
TI  - [Treatment method and cases of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in our
      department (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074040
TI  - [A study on effects of dentifrice containing antiplasminic drug (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074041
TI  - [Inhibitory effect of allylisothiocyanate on the metabolisms of salivary
      microorganisms (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074042
TI  - [Anatomical studies on the osseous palate of modern Germans in Franken district.
      2. The palate suture (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074043
TI  - [Studies on the prevention of deciduous caries by the topical application of
      fluoride solution (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074044
TI  - [Treatment of the temporomandibular joint dysfunction patient by full mouth
      occlusal reconstruction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074045
TI  - [Effect of phosphate on the lactate production of some microorganisms (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074046
TI  - [Lateral roentgenocephalometric study of normal (ideal) occlusion in Japanese
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074047
TI  - [A histological study on development of the snake egg tooth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074048
TI  - [A histological and embryological study of the lizard egg tooth (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074049
TI  - [A case of permanent anterior teeth with defective root formation (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074050
TI  - [Studies of angiographic improvement in the dental pulp (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074051
TI  - [Electric resistance of tooth smeared with the phosphoric acid (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074052
TI  - [The tooth electric resistance immersed in the formic acid (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074053
TI  - [A study on dimensional accuracy of die material by the use of epoxy resin (rock
      model) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074054
TI  - [Uptake of radioactive calcium compounds in the healing process of fractured bone
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074055
TI  - [Biotypes of Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque collected from patients of our
      pedodontic clinics (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074056
TI  - [An investigation into the actual condition of outpatients in our pedodontics
      clinic. (3) Oral habits (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074057
TI  - [Study of the sealing properties of endodontic paste filling materials using
      radioisotopes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074058
TI  - [Effect of ruby-laser irradiation on gingiva (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074059
TI  - [Bleaching discolored pulpless teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074060
TI  - [Basic Studies on tumor-scintigram with use of 67Ga-citrate--relation between
      uptakes of 67Ga-citrate and blood blow (99mTc-albumin) in irradiation tumor
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074061
TI  - [A method for making solid model of the movement at the lower incisor (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074062
TI  - [The electric resistance of rat teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074063
TI  - [The threshold by the successive orthogonal pulses with ultra high frequency
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074064
TI  - [Maximal biting force at each inter maxillary distance (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074065
TI  - [Contour diagram of the electric resistance of the tooth surface (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074066
TI  - [Two cases of partial anodontia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074067
TI  - [The mental foramina. Comparison between the mandibular bone of the Japanese and
      the Indian (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074068
TI  - [The electric resistance and capacity of the microelectrode by the half sine wave
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074069
TI  - [Fixed points in implantation dentistry].

PMID- 1074070
TI  - [Orthodontics and endodontics].

PMID- 1074072
TI  - [A guiding law: who will now follow the example of Lombardy?].

PMID- 1074071
TI  - [Current prospective alternatives for conventional anesthesia in dentistry].

PMID- 1074073
TI  - Ohio Department of Public Welfare.

PMID- 1074074
TI  - Proceed (program of continuing education) voluntary continuing education program.

PMID- 1074075
TI  - The realities of PSRO's and dentistry.

PMID- 1074076
TI  - Land of the free and home of the brave.

PMID- 1074077
TI  - Dentistry in changing times.

PMID- 1074078
TI  - Pilot program in underserved county schools.

PMID- 1074079
TI  - 1975 Callahan Award recipient.

PMID- 1074080
TI  - Ohio Dental Associates, Inc.?

PMID- 1074081
TI  - An introduction to your vice-president.

PMID- 1074082
TI  - Today's issues: a discussion by Dr. Bernard S. Snyder, ODA vice-president.

PMID- 1074083
TI  - Position on dental manpower and expanded function dental auxiliaries.

PMID- 1074084
TI  - Ohio Dental Association general guidelines for training of expanded duty
      auxiliaries (in accordance with Ohio State Dental Board rule DE 11-01).

PMID- 1074086
TI  - WAODA aids in implementation of dental health education program in Pike County.

PMID- 1074085
TI  - A statewide dental health education program for Ohio school children.

PMID- 1074087
TI  - The Ohio plan for dental health education.

PMID- 1074088
TI  - Do consumers have a right to question the quality of their dental care?

PMID- 1074089
TI  - National health legislation.

PMID- 1074090
TI  - Legislation in the 94th Congress of interest to dentistry.

PMID- 1074091
TI  - Peer Review--a different view and the present status of dentistry in Canada.

PMID- 1074092
TI  - Laymen on Peer Review? No way--you say.

PMID- 1074093
TI  - Dental manpower.

PMID- 1074094
TI  - Health service areas designated by H.E.W.

PMID- 1074095
TI  - United Stell Workers dental contract and dentistry.

PMID- 1074096
TI  - Prepaid dental plans.

PMID- 1074098
TI  - Prepaid dental plans.

PMID- 1074097
TI  - Injuries to the teeth and jaw--a problem for all seasons.

PMID- 1074099
TI  - The Ontario Dental Association demonstration project on dental auxiliaries with
      expanded duties.

PMID- 1074100
TI  - Grassroots dental organizations.

PMID- 1074101
TI  - Radiologic appearances of oral and perioral cysts.

PMID- 1074103
TI  - The consumer and dentistry.

PMID- 1074102
TI  - Continuing education should be voluntary.

PMID- 1074104
TI  - Response to the consumer and dentistry.

PMID- 1074105
TI  - The world's first "smile-a-thon".

PMID- 1074106
TI  - Radiographic processing.

PMID- 1074107
TI  - Prepaid dental plans.

PMID- 1074108
TI  - Warning!! some modern concepts in dental practice could get us into trouble.

PMID- 1074109
TI  - RAdiologic investigation of caries.

PMID- 1074111
TI  - Continuing education.

PMID- 1074110
TI  - Current status of Class II composite resin restorations.

PMID- 1074112
TI  - Periodontal disease as seen radiographically.

PMID- 1074113
TI  - Auxiliaries in mutation.

PMID- 1074114
TI  - What's your diagnosis, doctor?

PMID- 1074116
TI  - Soft tissue management in periodontal disease.

PMID- 1074115
TI  - The receptionist--your public relations agent.

PMID- 1074117
TI  - Total coverage of multiple and adjacent denuded root surfaces with a free
      gingival autograft.

PMID- 1074118
TI  - The use of removable partial denture splints in the treatment of post-surgical
      tooth mobility.

PMID- 1074119
TI  - Medical problems and medications--the dentist's responsibility.

PMID- 1074120
TI  - Dental organizations--who needs them?

PMID- 1074122
TI  - Why dental implants?

PMID- 1074121
TI  - Antibiotics: rational employment of medical laboratory services in dentistry.

PMID- 1074123
TI  - Enhancing the quality of life via electrosurgery.

PMID- 1074124
TI  - Validating the endosteal blade-vent implant.

PMID- 1074125
TI  - What's your diagnosis, doctor?

PMID- 1074126
TI  - Emergency management of cardiac arrest.

PMID- 1074127
TI  - The use of sealants for reduction of caries frequency level in occlusal pits and
      fissures.

PMID- 1074128
TI  - Calcium hydroxide-induced root healing.

PMID- 1074129
TI  - Evaluation of root canal preparation with two automated endodontic handpieces.

PMID- 1074130
TI  - Clinical situations in which amputation is preferred to pulp capping because of
      biologic considerations.

PMID- 1074131
TI  - Plaque accumulation on composite surfaces after various finishing procedures.

PMID- 1074132
TI  - A method of using silver amalgam in routine endodontics, and its use in open
      apices.

PMID- 1074133
TI  - Voluntary continuing education can work.

PMID- 1074134
TI  - Scientific method sole basis for accepting product claims.

PMID- 1074136
TI  - Income tax twists.

PMID- 1074135
TI  - Pharmacologic patient management: a common sense alternative.

PMID- 1074137
TI  - The use of anaesthetics.

PMID- 1074138
TI  - What's your diagnosis, doctor?

PMID- 1074140
TI  - Establishing the validity of implantology.

PMID- 1074139
TI  - Surgical judgement.

PMID- 1074141
TI  - "We need tissue committees in dentistry".

PMID- 1074142
TI  - Radiation hazards.

PMID- 1074143
TI  - The odontogenic keratocyst.

PMID- 1074145
TI  - Theoretical and practical aspects of crowding in the human dentition.

PMID- 1074144
TI  - Periapical cemental dysplasia--the stepchild of dentistry.

PMID- 1074146
TI  - Removable vs fixed orthodontic appliances.

PMID- 1074147
TI  - Biomaterial considerations for dental implants part I: metals and alloys.

PMID- 1074148
TI  - In vitro study of corrosion of titanium.

PMID- 1074150
TI  - The Poncho Flap (repositioned perforated attached gingival flap).

PMID- 1074149
TI  - The Hader plastic bar and rider system for a full lower subperiosteal implant.

PMID- 1074151
TI  - Blood evaluation and diet as a criteria to determine implant longevity.

PMID- 1074152
TI  - [The theoretical basis and practical application of the light wire differential
      force (Begg) technique (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074153
TI  - [Treatment of Class II cases with no extractions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074154
TI  - [The child and one of its substitute love object: the pacifier (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074155
TI  - [Construction of the anterior dental retraction vertical loop (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074156
TI  - [Cephalometric diagram idealized for orthodontic diagnosis and plan of treatment
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074157
TI  - [Contribution to the study of orthodontic movements during "anchorage
      preparation, lower anterior retraction and Class II mechanics. III (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074158
TI  - [Orthodontic cast analysis using xerox copy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074160
TI  - [Fundamental principles and basic characteristics of functional orthopaedic
      techniques (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074159
TI  - [Final treatment and polishing of orthodontic models. Preparation of a polishing
      solution (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074161
TI  - [Myotherapic re-education in atypical pressures of the tongue: diagnosis and
      therapy. II].

PMID- 1074162
TI  - MDA President's message: third-party payment--its impact and influence on private
      practice.

PMID- 1074163
TI  - Public education programs on dentistry.

PMID- 1074165
TI  - The healing of bone wounds.

PMID- 1074164
TI  - The treatment of gingival recessions.

PMID- 1074166
TI  - Malpractice insurance--a problem.

PMID- 1074168
TI  - Some major issues in Minnesota dentistry.

PMID- 1074167
TI  - The PR-3 public relations program comes of age.

PMID- 1074169
TI  - Malpractice dilemma nears crisis stage.

PMID- 1074170
TI  - Who speaks for dentistry?

PMID- 1074171
TI  - Two million patients but dental services unavailable.

PMID- 1074172
TI  - Dietary phosphate and periodontal disease.

PMID- 1074173
TI  - Recent changes in our disability income program.

PMID- 1074174
TI  - MDA President's message: tarnished professionalism--can we change picture?

PMID- 1074175
TI  - The dental manpower shortage area study in Minnesota.

PMID- 1074177
TI  - Development of the palate--normal cell death.

PMID- 1074176
TI  - The manipulation of dental plasters and stones.

PMID- 1074178
TI  - Technical considerations for clinical porcelain work.

PMID- 1074179
TI  - Peer Review: the dentist, the patient, and the third party.

PMID- 1074180
TI  - Dental hygienists: educators on the quality of dental services.

PMID- 1074181
TI  - Caries susceptibility tests.

PMID- 1074182
TI  - New facilities now completed for University of Minnesota School of Dentistry.

PMID- 1074184
TI  - The cost squeeze in dental education.

PMID- 1074183
TI  - MDA President's message: your challenge and mine.

PMID- 1074185
TI  - Minnesota Dental Association testifies at public hearing on revision of welfare
      rules.

PMID- 1074186
TI  - Our bicentennial--a time for involvement.

PMID- 1074187
TI  - Mercury vapor--a cloud over dentistry.

PMID- 1074188
TI  - [Odontogenic tumors: rules for their treatment].

PMID- 1074189
TI  - [Prevalence and severity of gingivitis in children in a private pediatric
      clinic].

PMID- 1074190
TI  - [Clinical and microscopic evaluation of H. Schilder's root canal filling
      technic].

PMID- 1074191
TI  - [The health of man and ways to achieve it].

PMID- 1074192
TI  - [Effect of different methods of polishing on filed radicular surfaces].

PMID- 1074194
TI  - [Use of a rotating element within the root canal].

PMID- 1074193
TI  - [Different aspects of the surface of coronal circumpulpal dentin].

PMID- 1074195
TI  - [Composites: clinical applications].

PMID- 1074196
TI  - [Articulators and intermandibular records].

PMID- 1074197
TI  - [Endodontic solution of a case of triple dental fusion].

PMID- 1074198
TI  - [Fluoridation law and defluoridation of water for consumption].

PMID- 1074199
TI  - [Application of the microspectrophotometric method to the study of cyst
      membranes].

PMID- 1074200
TI  - [Inlays with pins, a technic].

PMID- 1074201
TI  - [Ameloblastoma. Little known varieties].

PMID- 1074202
TI  - [Fingersucking habits].

PMID- 1074203
TI  - [Calcifying odontogenic cysts. Gorlin's cyst, clinical case].

PMID- 1074204
TI  - [Infected teeth. Conservative treatment. Clinical case].

PMID- 1074205
TI  - [Intraoral parallelometer].

PMID- 1074207
TI  - [New plan of studies in stomatology at the University of Havana].

PMID- 1074206
TI  - [Cancer of the base of the tongue. Presentation of a new surgical technic].

PMID- 1074208
TI  - [Thumbsucking. Analysis of the problem in our midst].

PMID- 1074209
TI  - [Stomatology in the community. Possibility for its experimental application in an
      area of health in the Boyeros region of the Province of Havana].

PMID- 1074210
TI  - [Central hemangioma of the mandible. Report of a case].

PMID- 1074211
TI  - [Mandibular changes in young rats due to loss of molars].

PMID- 1074212
TI  - [Upper 3rd molar retained in the orbital wall of the maxillary sinus
      (presentation of a case)].

PMID- 1074213
TI  - [Mouth protectors during the 1st World Amateur Boxing Championship].

PMID- 1074214
TI  - [Study of the surface hardness of amalgam samples prepared with three types of
      condensers].

PMID- 1074215
TI  - [Pharmacodynamics of the effects produced on blood pressure and respiratory
      movements of the rat following single or combined endovenous injections of
      serotonin and lidocaine].

PMID- 1074216
TI  - [A study of the relationship between the occlusal plane and the inclines of the
      cusps, of superior posterior teeth, through stereophotogrammetry].

PMID- 1074217
TI  - [Upper facial prognathism. The influence of superior alveolar process and cranial
      base angle in its determination].

PMID- 1074218
TI  - [Contribution to the study on mercury content of upper third of amalgam specimens
      condensed with excess of material, with two different forces and two types of
      condensers].

PMID- 1074219
TI  - [Study of the cavity wall preparations on the retention of full crowns with the
      use of two types of cements under different cementation pressure].

PMID- 1074220
TI  - [Changes in linear dimension and in Shore A hardness, caused by aging and
      inclusion of nylon mesh].

PMID- 1074221
TI  - [Hand instruments. III. Evaluation of the serrations along the handle].

PMID- 1074222
TI  - [Hollow eye prosthesis in acrylic resin].

PMID- 1074223
TI  - [Color changes of burnished amalgam restorations stored in human saliva. An "in
      vitro" study].

PMID- 1074224
TI  - [Tensile strength, by the use of the classical method and the diametral one, and
      compressive strength of composite resins, polycarboxylate and zinc oxide-eugenol
      cements].

PMID- 1074225
TI  - [Isoproterenol influence on the glycogen concentration in the major salivary
      glands of the mouse].

PMID- 1074226
TI  - [Contribution to the study of Staphylococcus isolated in the mouth. III.
      Staphylococcus isolated from dental plaque].

PMID- 1074227
TI  - [Intra-osseous distribution of the inferior alveolar nerve in fetus, new-borns
      and children until 2 years old].

PMID- 1074228
TI  - [Psychopathology of bruxism].

PMID- 1074229
TI  - [Risk of drug interaction in the dental patient].

PMID- 1074230
TI  - [Elevation of the occlusion at different ages].

PMID- 1074231
TI  - [Therapeutic extraction of the permanent first molars].

PMID- 1074232
TI  - [Modern orthodontics 2].

PMID- 1074233
TI  - [Modifications attained in malocclusions with Frenkel's regulator].

PMID- 1074234
TI  - [Possible dental applications of the wax of Calathea lutea].

PMID- 1074235
TI  - [Pharmaceutical products used in dentistry].

PMID- 1074236
TI  - [Modern orthodontics].

PMID- 1074238
TI  - [Consequences of the premature loss of teeth].

PMID- 1074237
TI  - [Bruxism].

PMID- 1074239
TI  - [Evaluation of some cases of periodontal prosthodontics].

PMID- 1074240
TI  - [Germinative cycle in the oral epithelium of the rat].

PMID- 1074241
TI  - [Advantages of sialography with catheterization].

PMID- 1074242
TI  - [Use of an occlusograph as a diagnostic means in dental practice].

PMID- 1074243
TI  - [Giant cell tumors localized at the level of the jaws].

PMID- 1074244
TI  - [Spino cellular carcinoma originating from monostotic fibrous dysplasia of the
      mandible].

PMID- 1074245
TI  - [Germinative cycle of the oral epithelium of man].

PMID- 1074246
TI  - [Causes of error in the psychological analysis of the dental patient, the dentist
      and the impersonal interrelationship].

PMID- 1074247
TI  - [Antibiotics in dentistry].

PMID- 1074248
TI  - [Hemangioma of the mandible. Presentation of 2 cases].

PMID- 1074250
TI  - [Cuneiform recection in the treatment of lower lip neoplasms].

PMID- 1074249
TI  - [Intermaxillary blockage].

PMID- 1074251
TI  - [The role of the hospital dental departments in health reform].

PMID- 1074252
TI  - [Music in the dental office].

PMID- 1074253
TI  - [Histochemical observations on the serous component of the submandibular gland].

PMID- 1074254
TI  - [Pictures of oral pathology: candidiasis of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 1074256
TI  - [Experimental studies on the improvement of setup of datum points in the
      measuring of the vertical dimension (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074255
TI  - [Agreement CORA - CGT: new tariffs].

PMID- 1074257
TI  - [Studies on the movement of the infradentale in the habitual opening and closing
      movement (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074258
TI  - [Effects of polycarboxylate cement on human dental pulp (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074259
TI  - [The conception, diagnosis and treatment of the temporomandibular joint
      dysfunction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074260
TI  - [Sedation for outpatient in dental practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074261
TI  - [Studies on the movement and the growth of the permanent tooth germs in the
      mandible of the children with the eruption of the permanent teeth (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074262
TI  - [Histological studies on dental calculus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074263
TI  - [An anatomical study on position of pulp cavity of human permanent teeth
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074264
TI  - [A case of giant odontom (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074265
TI  - [An observation of subcutaneous emphysema on the occasion of endodontic treatment
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074266
TI  - [The irregular eruption of human permanent teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074267
TI  - [Study on variations in the condyle path with and without occlusal guidance
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074268
TI  - [Histologic study on the periodontal structures incident to experimental tooth
      movement in rats. Light and electron microscopic investigations according to the
      labeling with lead acetate (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074269
TI  - [Change of opposing position of upper and lower deciduous teeth according to age
      and its direction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074270
TI  - [Characteristics of response of free-fiber endings to displacement velocity
      applied to the cat mandibular periosteum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074271
TI  - [Movement of opposing position of each tooth for malocclusion case (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074272
TI  - [Effect of the stimulants of autonomic nerves on the secretion of adrenal
      corticosterone (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074273
TI  - [Studies on the changes of position, form, and size of the crypt of the mandible
      occurring as permanent teeth erupt. 1. Movement of the crypt (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074274
TI  - [On the effect of metronidazole (flagyl) in fetor ex ore by gas chromatograph
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074275
TI  - [An electromyographic study on muscular fatigue of masticatory muscles (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074276
TI  - [A study on the relation between occlusal contacts, tooth movement and occlusal
      sound in natural dentition (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074277
TI  - [Experimental studies on the influence of the placement of polished surfaces in
      molar region of lower dentures on the aspects of lateral force generated from the
      muscular pressure (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074278
TI  - [Taxonomic position of oral anaerobic diphtheroid group (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074279
TI  - [Studies on morphological changes of human temporomandibular joints with
      advancing fetal age (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074280
TI  - [Chronological increase of attrition, gingival pocket, and transparent dentin of
      root (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074281
TI  - [Study on the effects of biting pressure on the temporo-mandibular joint
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074282
TI  - [A clinico-pathological study on pulp reaction of self-curing acrylic resin added
      alkyl-alpha-cyanoacrylate (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074283
TI  - [A clinico-pathological study on pulp reaction of composite resin material "Shofu
      composite" and effectiveness of indirect pulp capping with protect cement
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074284
TI  - [Secondary mineralization in carious lesions of human dentin; electron-probe,
      electron microscope, and electron diffraction studies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074285
TI  - [Studies on the accuracy of the casts. 3. On the influence of lining materials to
      the expanding stress, amounts of expansion and reacting temperature during
      setting of investments (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074286
TI  - [Pulpal response of composite resin jacket crown on primary teeth (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074287
TI  - [A study of the influences of occlusal surface factors on the load required to
      crush food. III. The significance of lateral excursion of mandible on the load
      required to crush food (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074288
TI  - [Two cases of epidermoid cyst developed on the cheek (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074289
TI  - [Clinico-pathological study of the healing effects of human vital pulp wounds
      with calcium hydroxide pastes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074290
TI  - [Experimental studies on healing of extraction wounds in rats with reference to
      proliferation and differentiation of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells by
      autoradiography with tritiated thymidine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074291
TI  - [A clinico-pathological study of pulpal reaction on composite resin concise with
      and without copalite varnish (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074292
TI  - [Histochemical study on the resorption of deciduous molar teeth in guinea pigs
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074293
TI  - [Accessory canals at floor of the pulp chamber of primary molars (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074294
TI  - [Response of free-fiber endings to pressure ramp stimulation applied to the cat
      mandibular periosteum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074295
TI  - [Anatomical studies of the roots of the maxillary third molars. 1. On the fusion
      of the root (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074296
TI  - [Morphological studies of the enamel drops. 1. Scanning electron microscopic
      observations of natural surfaces of the enamel drops (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074297
TI  - [The study on anti-inflammatory drugs. Cataplasms (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074298
TI  - [Studies on the developmental changes of dentofacial complex of Japanese fetus by
      means of roentgen cephalogram (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074299
TI  - [Root canals of the maxillary second primary molar (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074300
TI  - [Studies on the development of the fetal faces (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074301
TI  - [Root canals of the primary cuspids (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074302
TI  - [Study on the frequency of Japanese palatine foveola (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074303
TI  - [A histo-pathological study on the periapical lesions experimentally produced in
      dogs (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074304
TI  - [Anatomical studies on the Japanese deciduous dental arch of four and five-year
      old children. 1. Size of the dental arch (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074305
TI  - [On the surface anesthetic action of pyridaphenthion and the effect of rinsing of
      this area (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074306
TI  - [New method of preparing a replica for SEM using nuva seal (report 1) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074307
TI  - [Analysis of the movement of the Arcon type and the condylar type articulator in
      sagittal plane (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074309
TI  - [Study of changes in the contour of the alveolar ridge following upper anterior
      tooth extraction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074308
TI  - [Experimental study on acute toxicity of phenol camphor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074310
TI  - [Occlusal angles and filling marginal angles of lower first primary molars
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074311
TI  - [Occlusal angle and filling marginal angle of maxillary first primary molar
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074312
TI  - [Pulp vitality test with CO2 snow (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074313
TI  - [Recurrent ameloblastoma in 20 years after mandibular resection (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074314
TI  - [Cooley's anemia. Presentation of a case].

PMID- 1074316
TI  - [Introduction to dental kinetics. II].

PMID- 1074315
TI  - [Temporary splints with aluminum and acrylic caps].

PMID- 1074317
TI  - [Retained deciduous 2d molar with its unerupted permanent tooth].

PMID- 1074318
TI  - [Health-medicine-disease].

PMID- 1074319
TI  - [Prevention in dentistry].

PMID- 1074321
TI  - [Salutary change].

PMID- 1074320
TI  - [The dentist as seen by his dental assistant].

PMID- 1074322
TI  - [Parotid tissue embedded in the mandible. Bibliographic review and presentation
      of a case of this unusual ectopia].

PMID- 1074323
TI  - [Prevalence of caries in children with cerebral paralysis].

PMID- 1074324
TI  - [A new model for the prevention of caries and periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1074325
TI  - [Temporary crowns and bridges. A neglected detail in fixed prosthesis].

PMID- 1074326
TI  - [Amines in gangrenous dental pulp III].

PMID- 1074327
TI  - [Cariostatic effect of the mineral microelement yttrium].

PMID- 1074328
TI  - [Temporomandibular ankylosis. Report of a case].

PMID- 1074329
TI  - [The instruction of the dentist].

PMID- 1074330
TI  - [Acute poisoning in clinical practice (during the period of 1965-1974)].

PMID- 1074331
TI  - [Pathohistological study on the effect of various methods of osteosynthesis on
      the osteogenesis in experimental fracture of the lower jaw].
AB  - The lower jaw of 60 dogs was fractured and effects of wire and three variants of
      chemical osteosynthesis have been followed up concerning validity, course and
      rapidity of osteogenesis. A wire of 0.4 mm in the diameter was applied in wire
      osteosynthesis and autopolymerizing acryalte ("Simplex" Galenica) in chemical
      osteosynthesis with briding of the fracture line interfragmentarily or mixed with
      bone scrapings. The pathohistological examinations performed 7, 14, 21, 60 and 90
      days after the intervention and osteosynthesis employment have shown that there
      is no difference in validity, course and rapidity of osteogenesis in fractures of
      the lower jaw under conditions of wire and pure chemical osteosynthesis. Since
      there is no histochemical obstacles and taking into account advantages of
      chemical over wire osteosynthesis it should be recommended in fractures of the
      lower jaw.

PMID- 1074332
TI  - [Proximal gastric vagotomy without drainage in the treatment of duodenal ulcer].
AB  - Observations in the treatment of 107 patients with duodenal ulcer by proximal
      gastric vagotomy without drainage are reported. Operative technique has been
      described. There were no operative mortality and immediate postoperative
      complications rarely occured. Incomplete vagotomy was proved in 2,8 of the
      operated patients. It has been concluded that the best results could be expected
      insimple duodenal ulcer, some forms of duodenal ulcer bleeding, perforation of
      acute ulcer and erosive gastritis. Additional stenosis was observed in some
      penetrating duodenal ulcers. Optimism is justified in a long-term prognosis.
      Recurrent ulcer was proved in 2 patients.

PMID- 1074333
TI  - [Obstructing lesions of the trachea following tracheotomy].
AB  - Within the last four years 8 patients with tracheal stenosis were treated at the
      ORL Clinic of the M.M.A. The sites of stenosis were at the site of tracheostome,
      anterior and lateral tracheal walls and circular stenosis of the whole tracheal
      lumen. Two patients had combined stenosis of trachea and tracheostome. The
      authors have applied combined palliative surgical interventions without radical
      approaches but with the employment of longer passive dilatation. Six patients
      were cured, the complete decannilman was performed, one patient quitted the
      treatment while one is still under treatment.

PMID- 1074334
TI  - [The effect of dextran and gelatin infusion on the coagulation and fibrinolytic
      process in rabbits subjected to combined radiation injuries].

PMID- 1074335
TI  - [Movable kidney].

PMID- 1074336
TI  - [Diagnostic problems in hepatic echinococcosis--our observations].

PMID- 1074337
TI  - [Directed hemotherapy in the Military Medical Academy].

PMID- 1074338
TI  - [Anorectal pathology].

PMID- 1074339
TI  - [Clinical signs and therapy of Candida-albicans infections in patients
      hospitalized with lung diseases].

PMID- 1074340
TI  - [Stomatologic preparation of patients with malignancies of the maxillofacial
      region for radiation therapy].
AB  - A series of 3456 patients with malignant tumours of the maxillofacial region have
      been treated at the Clinic for Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery of the Military
      Medical Academy, Stomatological Clinic of the M.M.A. and Radiological Institute
      of Medical Faculty in Belgrade. The most frequent localization was lips and
      mucosa of the oral cavity, 77,9%. The irradiation therapy was applied in 42,3% of
      the patients and combined surgery and irradiation therapy in 28,6%
      Postirradiation changes of the oral cavity mucosa were found in 25% of the
      patients, teeth changes in 50% and Candida albicans was found in 56% of the
      patients. In order to prevent irradiation and postirradiation complications, all
      the patients with malignant tumours foressen for irradiation therapy should
      undergo a detailed stomatological examination and sanation of the oral cavity and
      teeth. The authors advocate team work in establishing the diagnosis and treating
      in which an important place should have stomatologist.

PMID- 1074341
TI  - [Treatment of vitiligo using oral Trisoralen].

PMID- 1074342
TI  - [Tonsillectomy: status in 1974].

PMID- 1074343
TI  - Percutaneous cervical cordotomy.
AB  - Percutaneous cervical cordotomy provides a nonoperative opportunity to interrupt
      the lateral spinothalamic pathways in patients with pain who are not good
      operative risks for an open cordotomy. The technique is relatively simple, but
      requires some practice. Indications should be the same as for open cordotomy,
      with critical patient selection. Results are comparable to those of surgical
      cordotomy.

PMID- 1074344
TI  - Acquired erythroenzymopathies in blood disorders: study of 200 cases.
AB  - Enzyme abnormalities are frequently found in the red cells of patients with
      various acquired blood disorders. In leukaemias, preleukaemic states and bone
      marrow insufficiencies with or without sideroblastosis, changes in enzyme
      activity are usually characterized by the coexistence of deficiency of some
      enzymes and an increased activity of others. The most frequently decreased
      activities are those of pyruvate kinase, phosphofructokinase,2,3
      diphosphoglycerate mutase and adenylate kinase; the most frequently increased
      activities are those of hexokinase, aldolase, enolase, 6-phosphogluconate
      dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. In primary myelofibrosis and
      in polycythaemia rubra vera, enzyme deficiencies are infrequent and differ from
      those observed in leukaemias and related disorders. Phosphohexose isomerase and
      phosphoglucomutase deficiencies seem relatively specific for polycythaemia rubra
      vera. Explanations for the acquired enzymopathies are still at the stage of
      hypothesis. The theory of multiple genetic damage may explain some findings but
      has not yet been proved right. The possibility of post-translational molecular
      modification is suggested as a working hypothesis.

PMID- 1074345
TI  - Compound composite odontoma: a case report.

PMID- 1074346
TI  - [Experimental studies on fluoride deposition in hard tissues with relation to the
      frequency of fluoride administration].

PMID- 1074347
TI  - [A case of Kuttner's tumor affected on both submaxillary salivary glands].

PMID- 1074348
TI  - [An analytical study of the 12 channel biochemical test in oral diseases].

PMID- 1074349
TI  - [Two unusual cases of impacted third molar].

PMID- 1074350
TI  - Intravenous sedation or conscious sedation in dentistry--Diazepam.

PMID- 1074351
TI  - Factors in the selection of sedation.

PMID- 1074352
TI  - Analysis of dental emergencies.

PMID- 1074353
TI  - The hypertensive patient in dental practice.

PMID- 1074354
TI  - The dental assistant's role in exodontia.

PMID- 1074355
TI  - The future in health--something old, something new.

PMID- 1074356
TI  - Stretching office expense dollars.

PMID- 1074357
TI  - A new venture in partnership.

PMID- 1074358
TI  - Designing the dental suite for a team.

PMID- 1074359
TI  - The human touch in the dental office.

PMID- 1074360
TI  - Toward more effective communication.

PMID- 1074361
TI  - Psychological preparation for a root canal procedure.

PMID- 1074362
TI  - Let's tap the reserve.

PMID- 1074363
TI  - Why belong?

PMID- 1074364
TI  - Teaching dental disease prevention.

PMID- 1074365
TI  - Common genetic defects of the mouth.

PMID- 1074366
TI  - The preparation of consultation requests.

PMID- 1074367
TI  - What about noncertified OJTs.

PMID- 1074368
TI  - The aching mouth and the aching psyche.

PMID- 1074369
TI  - Vitality testing.

PMID- 1074371
TI  - Assertive or aggressive?

PMID- 1074370
TI  - IRA - the way to an individual retirement program.

PMID- 1074372
TI  - The educating of assistants.

PMID- 1074374
TI  - The processing of radiographic films.

PMID- 1074373
TI  - Competency-based instruction for expanded function dental auxiliaries.

PMID- 1074375
TI  - Bruxism the undercover crunch.

PMID- 1074376
TI  - Independent study--an individual route to certification.

PMID- 1074378
TI  - So you want to be an EFDA.

PMID- 1074377
TI  - What is important in your classroom?

PMID- 1074379
TI  - Economics of expanded functions.

PMID- 1074380
TI  - Credentialing dental auxiliary personnel in the U.S. and selected other
      countries.

PMID- 1074381
TI  - Job satisfaction and interpersonal relations two years after introduction of
      EFDAs.

PMID- 1074383
TI  - A look at dental insurance.

PMID- 1074382
TI  - Nutrition's role in learning.

PMID- 1074384
TI  - ADA approved uniform claim form.

PMID- 1074385
TI  - Duplication of radiographs.

PMID- 1074386
TI  - Taking a medical history.

PMID- 1074387
TI  - Onward toward the tricentennial.

PMID- 1074388
TI  - Auxiliaries between now and 2000.

PMID- 1074389
TI  - Before a new century dawns.

PMID- 1074390
TI  - A preface to the year 2000.

PMID- 1074391
TI  - The future of the Dental Assistant.

PMID- 1074392
TI  - There'll be some changes made.

PMID- 1074394
TI  - A concrete challenge.

PMID- 1074393
TI  - 1976-2076?

PMID- 1074395
TI  - Government's role.

PMID- 1074396
TI  - Impressions of Russia.

PMID- 1074397
TI  - Boost your production by 400 percent.

PMID- 1074398
TI  - When your patient says 'no' to X-rays.

PMID- 1074399
TI  - Where's your conscience, Doctor?

PMID- 1074400
TI  - Don't overlook tax advantages of 'E' bonds.

PMID- 1074401
TI  - Here's what I tell those insurance carriers!

PMID- 1074402
TI  - Put your 'middle man' to work on those delinquent accounts.

PMID- 1074404
TI  - If the chips were down... how would your records stack up?

PMID- 1074403
TI  - One widow's story ... would your wife be prepared?

PMID- 1074405
TI  - A dental office...where patients lounge!

PMID- 1074406
TI  - A sixth sense about the five senses.

PMID- 1074407
TI  - There's no generation gap in my office.

PMID- 1074408
TI  - There's a better way to pay for your house.

PMID- 1074410
TI  - Keogh is looking better than ever.

PMID- 1074409
TI  - Hell week lasted two days.

PMID- 1074411
TI  - When the phone company does you wrong. 1.

PMID- 1074413
TI  - Collect--while the wheels of justice grind away.

PMID- 1074412
TI  - Side-stepping the malpractice threat.

PMID- 1074414
TI  - Helping patients get the message.

PMID- 1074415
TI  - Knocking the fraud out of patients' claims.

PMID- 1074417
TI  - The brown paper bag.

PMID- 1074416
TI  - Your office is great--so tell your staff!

PMID- 1074418
TI  - Work benches and sewing baskets reinforce my case presentations.

PMID- 1074419
TI  - When it's time for a parting of the ways.

PMID- 1074420
TI  - Lecturers--too many waste our time and money.

PMID- 1074421
TI  - The bureaucratic thicket of unemployment insurance.

PMID- 1074422
TI  - Make a gift of life insurance.

PMID- 1074423
TI  - What do your patients think of you? Just ask them!

PMID- 1074424
TI  - When the phone company does you wrong. 2.

PMID- 1074425
TI  - When "free" is the best fee.

PMID- 1074426
TI  - Factoring--selling your soul to the company store.

PMID- 1074427
TI  - Fire insurance isn't enough.

PMID- 1074429
TI  - Job-hunting expenses face stiff IRS test.

PMID- 1074428
TI  - Are our hygienists short-changing patients?

PMID- 1074430
TI  - I started to build a dream...but the walls came tumbling down.

PMID- 1074431
TI  - Doctor, will your records identify a former patient.

PMID- 1074432
TI  - Need help? You need an associate!

PMID- 1074433
TI  - Emergencies: growth center of a dental practice.

PMID- 1074434
TI  - Credit bureaus--an effective collection tool. 1.

PMID- 1074435
TI  - Novice beware: real estate is not everyone's piece of cake.

PMID- 1074436
TI  - What do people really want from their jobs?

PMID- 1074437
TI  - Delta--we hatched it and it's our baby.

PMID- 1074438
TI  - Poor record-keeping attracts IRS attention.

PMID- 1074439
TI  - Two broken arms and a three-chair office.

PMID- 1074440
TI  - Those baffling balance sheets can signal success or failure.

PMID- 1074441
TI  - The malpractice triangle.

PMID- 1074442
TI  - Let your staff write that manual.

PMID- 1074443
TI  - Credit bureaus--an effective collection tool. 2.

PMID- 1074444
TI  - How would you score on a patient's checklist?

PMID- 1074445
TI  - Mail order savings not worth the hassle.

PMID- 1074446
TI  - Separate corporations may save tax dollars.

PMID- 1074447
TI  - Patients loved me, but...not my case presentation. 1.

PMID- 1074448
TI  - Filing is a numbers game.

PMID- 1074449
TI  - How much should you pay an associate?

PMID- 1074450
TI  - The perils of P. C.

PMID- 1074451
TI  - When doctors have a falling out.

PMID- 1074452
TI  - Are they challenging change in your office?

PMID- 1074453
TI  - What's wrong with asking the patient to pay?

PMID- 1074454
TI  - Beware of IRS rules on real estate sales.

PMID- 1074455
TI  - An ideal office for a bold thief.

PMID- 1074456
TI  - The double WHAMMY!

PMID- 1074457
TI  - Trapped by your banker and accountant? 1.

PMID- 1074458
TI  - Talking your way through the day.

PMID- 1074459
TI  - Patients call me at home.

PMID- 1074460
TI  - The family that gets deeper in debt.

PMID- 1074461
TI  - What's your secretary worth?

PMID- 1074462
TI  - What patients don't tell you!

PMID- 1074463
TI  - Insurance forms--who says they're a hassle?

PMID- 1074464
TI  - Find a quiet corner for patient conversation.

PMID- 1074465
TI  - Collections begin with prevention.

PMID- 1074467
TI  - Expanded-duties concept: is it good for patients?

PMID- 1074466
TI  - Let's educate MDs about 'nursing bottle syndrome'.

PMID- 1074468
TI  - Case report: reimplantation with endodontic stabilization.

PMID- 1074469
TI  - Preoperative guidelines for oral surgery patients.

PMID- 1074470
TI  - Effective treatment for hypersensitive teeth.

PMID- 1074471
TI  - Teaching aids help staff learn denture procedures.

PMID- 1074472
TI  - How great a role for students in organized dentistry?

PMID- 1074473
TI  - 'Circus' theme adds color to orthodontic office.

PMID- 1074474
TI  - 'Help the new dentist--and we help our dental society'.

PMID- 1074476
TI  - Guidelines for placement and use of equipment.

PMID- 1074475
TI  - Dentists warned about hand, foot and mouth disease.

PMID- 1074477
TI  - Stabilization technic for mobile incisors.

PMID- 1074478
TI  - Case report: successful treatment of bell's palsy.

PMID- 1074479
TI  - Problems & progress in designing composites for wear resistance.

PMID- 1074480
TI  - Planning a new office: guidelines for success.

PMID- 1074481
TI  - Partnership offers blend of sharing & independence.

PMID- 1074482
TI  - Change: doctor feels better, practices more productively.

PMID- 1074483
TI  - 'Sun never sets' for staff in prevention-oriented practice.

PMID- 1074484
TI  - The dental representative: your valuable ally.

PMID- 1074485
TI  - Periodontal progress promising with aid of general dentists.

PMID- 1074486
TI  - Wheel-mounted cabinets boost office storage capacity.

PMID- 1074487
TI  - Dental health care in Sweden: national plan covers everyone.

PMID- 1074489
TI  - Modified circumferential splint for periodontally involved teeth.

PMID- 1074488
TI  - A simple technic to increase freeway space.

PMID- 1074490
TI  - Successful treatment of Ludwig's angina.

PMID- 1074491
TI  - Biopsy of 3 sites improves early detection of oral cancer.

PMID- 1074492
TI  - Bruxism, pulpal pain and restorative material.

PMID- 1074493
TI  - Biofeedback training eases facial pain.

PMID- 1074494
TI  - Efficient saliva elimination for patient comfort.

PMID- 1074495
TI  - Multiple uses of 27-gauge short needle.

PMID- 1074496
TI  - Extraction technics for low-seated dentistry.

PMID- 1074497
TI  - Key to efficiency: 'plan around the unpredictable'.

PMID- 1074498
TI  - Key to success: treat people, not patients.

PMID- 1074499
TI  - Management accounting for the dental surgeon: an introduction.

PMID- 1074501
TI  - The NHS: a challenge for the future.

PMID- 1074500
TI  - Topical fluorides: clinical techniques and materials.

PMID- 1074502
TI  - A simple method for applying traction to buried teeth.

PMID- 1074503
TI  - Does our state need more dentists?

PMID- 1074504
TI  - Preceptorships in dental hygiene? An interview with Dr. Joseh Discipio.

PMID- 1074505
TI  - Current socio-economic and political changes and their effects on the future
      practice of dentistry.

PMID- 1074507
TI  - The future practice of dentistry.

PMID- 1074506
TI  - A challenge: current socio-economic and political changes and their effects on
      the future practice of dentistry.

PMID- 1074508
TI  - Building a dental future in the midst of today's socio-economic storm.

PMID- 1074509
TI  - Hypnosis and suggestion.

PMID- 1074510
TI  - Illinois and the Delta Plan System. An interview with Dr. Perry L. Taylor.

PMID- 1074511
TI  - All about women dentists! An interview with Dr. Jane Selbe.

PMID- 1074512
TI  - Dealing with the problems of dental manpower maldistribution (a new priority of
      the State Department of Public Health).

PMID- 1074513
TI  - 1975-76 ISDS transactions.

PMID- 1074514
TI  - [Choice].

PMID- 1074515
TI  - [Indications and technics in current periodontal surgery].

PMID- 1074516
TI  - [Practitioner in shape].

PMID- 1074517
TI  - [Salaries. Financial system].

PMID- 1074518
TI  - [Significance of the amount of masticatory efficacy in fixed prosthetics].

PMID- 1074519
TI  - [Original method for teaching craniofacial anatomy].

PMID- 1074520
TI  - [Rent].

PMID- 1074521
TI  - [For good progress in orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 1074522
TI  - [Experience with health education].

PMID- 1074523
TI  - [Periodontics in 1975].

PMID- 1074524
TI  - [Human masticatory muscles: study of muscular fasciculi and their projection onto
      3 orthogonal planes of reference in maximal intercuspation].

PMID- 1074525
TI  - [Extraction of the upper primary molar].

PMID- 1074526
TI  - [Social Security].

PMID- 1074527
TI  - [Salaries].

PMID- 1074528
TI  - [Proprioceptive sensation. Cerebellar connections of the trigeminal nerve].

PMID- 1074529
TI  - [Individual oro-dental hygiene. Aims and methods].

PMID- 1074530
TI  - [Dietetics].

PMID- 1074531
TI  - [Social Security].

PMID- 1074532
TI  - [Construction of a pharyngo-tracheal prosthesis after total laryngectomy].

PMID- 1074533
TI  - [Fees--collection--injunction of pay].

PMID- 1074534
TI  - [Orthodontics: outstanding achievements and unexpected problems in 1974].

PMID- 1074535
TI  - [Deontology].

PMID- 1074536
TI  - [Treatment of mandibular prognathism: surgical methods].

PMID- 1074537
TI  - [Medical control].

PMID- 1074539
TI  - [Sanitary control of meats].

PMID- 1074538
TI  - [Dental caries: the Keyes plan for modern mathematics].

PMID- 1074540
TI  - [Salaries].

PMID- 1074541
TI  - [Effect of pregnancy in dental practice].

PMID- 1074542
TI  - [Medical terminology].

PMID- 1074543
TI  - [What has dentofacial orthopedics become? Where is its practice going?].

PMID- 1074544
TI  - [Financial system].

PMID- 1074545
TI  - [Neurophysiological aspects of bruxism].

PMID- 1074546
TI  - [Practice of the profession].

PMID- 1074547
TI  - [Identification of victims of aerial accidents by a dental identity card].

PMID- 1074548
TI  - [Practitioner in shape].

PMID- 1074549
TI  - [Filed teeth of the Bassari].

PMID- 1074550
TI  - [Mucogingival surgery. Technics aimed at augmenting the height of the attached
      gingiva].

PMID- 1074551
TI  - [Prevention in everyday practice].

PMID- 1074552
TI  - [Use of the TMS cleat anchorage: surgico-orthodontic disimpaction of a lower
      canine tooth].

PMID- 1074553
TI  - [Legal responsibility of the dentist].

PMID- 1074554
TI  - [Radiculo-dental cysts with sinusal development].

PMID- 1074555
TI  - [Implantations--reimplantation and transplantation].

PMID- 1074556
TI  - [Changes in the Code of Deontology. Decreed 16 July 1975].

PMID- 1074557
TI  - [Reflections on proper methods to improve oro-dental health].

PMID- 1074558
TI  - [Analysis of movements of the practitioner, in the dental office, in oral
      surgery, in view of maintaining the chain of asepsis].

PMID- 1074559
TI  - [Changes in the Code of Deontology. Decreed on 16 July 1975].

PMID- 1074560
TI  - [Salaries in the dental profession].

PMID- 1074561
TI  - [Mandibular rotations].

PMID- 1074562
TI  - [Evaluation of artificial tooth roots made of vitrified carbon].

PMID- 1074563
TI  - [Changes in the Code of Deontology. Decreed 16 July 1975].

PMID- 1074564
TI  - Capsulotomy and tenoplasty in the treatment of congenital club foor in infancy.

PMID- 1074565
TI  - Club foot, classification, etiology and pathogenesis.

PMID- 1074566
TI  - Surgical treatment of congenital club foot in infancy. Operations on the bone.

PMID- 1074567
TI  - Early surgical treatment of the equino-varus supinated foot.

PMID- 1074568
TI  - Early operation in the treatment of congenital club foot.

PMID- 1074569
TI  - Surgical correction of congenital club foot in children over 1 year: experiences
      with Codivilla's operation.

PMID- 1074570
TI  - Our experience in the surgical treatment of congenital club foot in infancy and
      childhood: (equino-varus-supinated type).

PMID- 1074571
TI  - Surgical treatment of club foot in infants.

PMID- 1074572
TI  - Relapsing club foot.

PMID- 1074573
TI  - Pathological anatomy of congenital club foot.

PMID- 1074574
TI  - Radiographic study of congenital club foot.

PMID- 1074575
TI  - Treatment of equino-varus congenital club foot by manipulation.

PMID- 1074576
TI  - The contribution of the Rizzoli Institute to the treatment of congential club
      foot.

PMID- 1074577
TI  - Manipulative treatment of congenital equino-varus club foot.

PMID- 1074578
TI  - Orthopaedic shoes in congenital club foot.

PMID- 1074579
TI  - Techniques in operation on the soft tissues in congenital club foot.

PMID- 1074580
TI  - Effective persuasion in dental practice.

PMID- 1074581
TI  - Light, photosynthesis, the occuloendocrine system, and dental caries.

PMID- 1074582
TI  - Personal prevention: biofeedback.

PMID- 1074584
TI  - Dietary trinity: diet, disease, and dentistry.

PMID- 1074583
TI  - Antimicrobial agents for the treatment of dental caries.

PMID- 1074585
TI  - Value of cerebrospinal immunoglobulins in the diagnosis of meningeal leukemia.

PMID- 1074586
TI  - A giant step backward.

PMID- 1074587
TI  - That ugly 9 of spades.

PMID- 1074588
TI  - Keep a smile on the face of Alabama.

PMID- 1074590
TI  - The development of the Alabama Dental Association's voluntary continuing
      education program.

PMID- 1074589
TI  - The ASK program in action Alabama's school dental health education program.

PMID- 1074591
TI  - [Fundamental concepts and instruments in endodontics].

PMID- 1074592
TI  - [Preparation of the root canal].

PMID- 1074593
TI  - [Pulp therapy in the permanent dentition].

PMID- 1074595
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the congenital malformations of the coronary
      arteries].

PMID- 1074594
TI  - [The action of chemical agents used for sterilization of sharp rotatory
      instruments].

PMID- 1074596
TI  - [Bacteriological test in endodontics: a critical review of the literature].

PMID- 1074597
TI  - [Guiding students classroom activities in the teaching of histology. Glossary of
      technical and scientific terms].

PMID- 1074598
TI  - [Silicate cement--study on solubility and disintegration, in soft drinks,
      evaluation by phosphate percentage].

PMID- 1074599
TI  - [Study on the hygienic quality of raw milk received in processing plants].

PMID- 1074600
TI  - [Aerobic radiopasteurization of hake fillets (Merluccius merluccius-hubbsi)
      through treatment with gamma radiations].

PMID- 1074601
TI  - [Erwinia nimipressuralis the cause of wilt in pyracantha (Pyracantha koidzumii
      Reh)].

PMID- 1074602
TI  - [Use of a transport medium in the diagnosis of genital vibriosis in the bull].

PMID- 1074603
TI  - [Isolation and purification of the antigen associated with viral hepatitis of the
      B type (HBAg)].

PMID- 1074604
TI  - Pulpal bleeding time in radicular pulpotomy as an aid for diagnosis of pulp
      pathology.

PMID- 1074605
TI  - Eruption of the deciduous teeth in two different socio-economic groups.

PMID- 1074606
TI  - Temporo-mandibular ankylosis.

PMID- 1074607
TI  - Histochemical changes in the gastric mucosa of edentulous patients.

PMID- 1074608
TI  - A survey of malocclusion and treatment needs.

PMID- 1074609
TI  - Periodontal aspects of orthodontic therapy.

PMID- 1074611
TI  - Preceptorship.

PMID- 1074610
TI  - Application of lateral skull cephalometry to prosthodontics.

PMID- 1074612
TI  - Keys to progress: why are we partners?

PMID- 1074614
TI  - Application of management skills in dental practices.

PMID- 1074613
TI  - Committee on community dental health.

PMID- 1074615
TI  - Dr. Longshott's tiff with the IRS.

PMID- 1074616
TI  - Stamp out those delinquents!

PMID- 1074617
TI  - Changing patient payment habits.

PMID- 1074618
TI  - Angry patients don't pay.

PMID- 1074619
TI  - When trying to collect is a waste of time.

PMID- 1074620
TI  - Acupuncture--ancient myth or modern modality (first of a series).

PMID- 1074621
TI  - [General concepts in emergency care in jaw traumatology].

PMID- 1074622
TI  - [Emergency orthopedic procedures in traumatology].

PMID- 1074623
TI  - [Emergency treatment of mandibular fractures].

PMID- 1074624
TI  - [Are free gingival grafts a factor in new developments or is it difficult to find
      justification for them?].

PMID- 1074625
TI  - Score: 5 to 3--we're losing.

PMID- 1074626
TI  - Outpatient surgery under general anesthesia.

PMID- 1074627
TI  - An alternate viewpoint about CDS.

PMID- 1074628
TI  - Implementing the new regulations on expanded duties for dental axiliaries.

PMID- 1074629
TI  - Stanford research institute alternative UCR fee systems.

PMID- 1074631
TI  - [Joint practice agreement between 2 surgeon-dentists].

PMID- 1074630
TI  - The SRI report, CDS and you.

PMID- 1074632
TI  - [Memorandum to the audited surgeon-dentist].

PMID- 1074633
TI  - [Medical expertise in health insurance. Its application to odontostomatology.
      (Decree No. 59.160 of 7 January 1959)].

PMID- 1074634
TI  - [Comparative study of sucrose and honey].

PMID- 1074635
TI  - [Mercury in dental offices: professional risk].

PMID- 1074636
TI  - [Federation Dentaire Internationale. Declaration of principle].

PMID- 1074637
TI  - [Federation Dentaire Internationale. International prizes].

PMID- 1074638
TI  - [European Dentistry, is it in the future?].

PMID- 1074639
TI  - [Dentofacial orthopedics and dental control].

PMID- 1074640
TI  - [Upper incisor supraclusion].

PMID- 1074641
TI  - [Evaluation of clindamycin chlorhydrate in odontos tomat ol og ic practice,
      apropos of 50 cases].

PMID- 1074642
TI  - [International affairs].

PMID- 1074643
TI  - A new design for a gingivectomy knife.

PMID- 1074644
TI  - The palatine ruga as an aid in identification.

PMID- 1074645
TI  - Effects of stelazine and atropine on the salivary glands. Tongue and
      periodontium.

PMID- 1074646
TI  - A study on the age, sex, site, and grade distribution of intra-oral squamous cell
      carcinoma in the Khartoum province.

PMID- 1074647
TI  - Periodontosis.

PMID- 1074648
TI  - [Contribution to the study about local application efficiency, using a fluor
      acidulated and phosphate solution (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074649
TI  - [Comparative study on the fitting and tensile strength of full crowns, cemented
      with three types of agents (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074650
TI  - [Influence of varnish on the fitting and retention of full crowns, cemented in
      natural teeth with zinc phosphate cement (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074651
TI  - [Inter and intra-examiners variations in measuring TMJ radiographies taken at
      different degrees of mouth opening (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074652
TI  - [The prevention of dental caries through the association of sodium fluoride and
      calcium salts (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074653
TI  - [Morphometric analysis of parotid gland growth in isoproterenol and urethane
      treated rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074654
TI  - [Biological reactions of AH 26 with variable rates of hidrocortisone (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1074655
TI  - [Study of body weight and salivary gland weight changes in isoproterenol plus
      urethane treated rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074656
TI  - [The effect of a natural resin from the fruit, citrus nobilis, on the working
      time of silicone].

PMID- 1074657
TI  - [Morphologic study of the healing process of the dental pulp after protection
      with calcium hydroxide, formagen and zinc oxide and eugenol. Initiatory periods
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074658
TI  - [Reusable cobalt-chromium dental alloy scrap].

PMID- 1074659
TI  - [Determination of the adhesion of dental metal-porcelain bonding systems].

PMID- 1074660
TI  - [What does a master examination in dental technology cost?].

PMID- 1074661
TI  - [Preparation procedures and fit of synthetic resin complete dentures].

PMID- 1074662
TI  - [Apprehension with protheses in some patients is of psychic nature].

PMID- 1074663
TI  - [Internal maxillofacial prostheses (I/1)].

PMID- 1074664
TI  - [Report on experience with a synthetic gypsum model].

PMID- 1074665
TI  - [The new dental technician apprentices applying for jobs. What to look for before
      hiring them].

PMID- 1074666
TI  - [Basic introduction to formulation of experiments in closing simulation].

PMID- 1074667
TI  - [Basic introduction to formulation of experiments in closing simulation by Uetz
      and Fohl].

PMID- 1074668
TI  - [Modelling and anatomy of tooth crowns].

PMID- 1074669
TI  - Janeway on investments.

PMID- 1074670
TI  - How to live with failure and stress.

PMID- 1074671
TI  - 'Sell!' a dirty word in dentistry?

PMID- 1074672
TI  - Delivery dentistry with love.

PMID- 1074673
TI  - Bills by the cycle.

PMID- 1074674
TI  - Bloom where you are planted.

PMID- 1074675
TI  - A better history makes a better patient.

PMID- 1074676
TI  - Your case presentation: accentuate the positive.

PMID- 1074677
TI  - The committee on minority affairs.

PMID- 1074678
TI  - Indian health care improvement act.

PMID- 1074679
TI  - Evaluation of x-ray instruments.

PMID- 1074680
TI  - Social perspective on community dental health.

PMID- 1074681
TI  - Employment patterns of dental hygienists in Michigan.

PMID- 1074683
TI  - Committee on dental hygiene practice.

PMID- 1074682
TI  - Quo vadis, ADHA?

PMID- 1074684
TI  - HEW forward plan for health.

PMID- 1074685
TI  - Correlates of reported participation in continuing education.

PMID- 1074686
TI  - A case history: dental hygienists on the Vermont Board of Dental Examiners.

PMID- 1074687
TI  - Reasons dental hygienists dislike their practice.

PMID- 1074688
TI  - Measurement of clinical competency: process versus product.

PMID- 1074689
TI  - Why work for 125,000 dentists?

PMID- 1074690
TI  - President's Address.

PMID- 1074691
TI  - Are you listening to the junior member?

PMID- 1074692
TI  - A study of root planning by scanning electron microscopy.

PMID- 1074694
TI  - Regional consultants programs: an evaluation study.

PMID- 1074693
TI  - Effectiveness of hypnosis on reducing dental anxiety.

PMID- 1074695
TI  - Who's on first?

PMID- 1074696
TI  - Chlorhexidine as an antiplaque agent.

PMID- 1074697
TI  - Effects on fluoride-containing commercial dentifrices on solubility of intact
      root surfaces.

PMID- 1074698
TI  - The role of the dental hygienist in oral cancer detection.

PMID- 1074699
TI  - Committee on dental hygiene education.

PMID- 1074700
TI  - The dental hygienist in hospital practice.

PMID- 1074701
TI  - The role of the dental hygienist in community dentistry.

PMID- 1074702
TI  - Preventive dentistry and the nutrition education program.

PMID- 1074703
TI  - Health manpower legislation.

PMID- 1074704
TI  - A continuing education course in planning community programs.

PMID- 1074705
TI  - A career guide for the dental hygienist.

PMID- 1074706
TI  - The future of dental hygiene.

PMID- 1074707
TI  - 'Are you expensive?'.

PMID- 1074708
TI  - Cutting taxes--where do you begin?

PMID- 1074709
TI  - My franchise was a teen-age lion's den.

PMID- 1074710
TI  - Preventing broken appointments.

PMID- 1074711
TI  - To find an understanding banker. 3.

PMID- 1074712
TI  - Keeping tabs on those past-due accounts.

PMID- 1074713
TI  - Set your goals--then do something about it.

PMID- 1074715
TI  - My patients loved me, but not my case presentation. 2.

PMID- 1074714
TI  - Three steps to good collections.

PMID- 1074716
TI  - 'No substitute for a good doctor-patient relationship'.

PMID- 1074717
TI  - Now, his patients enjoy dental appointments.

PMID- 1074718
TI  - Patient rapport, the answer to third-party intrusion.

PMID- 1074719
TI  - Cavity preparation simplified: devices and approaches.

PMID- 1074720
TI  - Reimplantation treatment for infected dens in dente.

PMID- 1074721
TI  - Effective vitamin E treatment for ulcerative herpetic lesions.

PMID- 1074722
TI  - Aspirin intolerance and cross-intolerance.

PMID- 1074723
TI  - Emergency management of allergic reactions.

PMID- 1074724
TI  - Product manual helps staff stay "up to date".

PMID- 1074725
TI  - Bungalow office expands as practice grows.

PMID- 1074727
TI  - Octagonal design eliminates hallways, saves steps.

PMID- 1074726
TI  - The pursuit of happiness (and health) 200 years later.

PMID- 1074728
TI  - Deprivation of dental health--a grave social injustice.

PMID- 1074729
TI  - The extraction of teeth. The impacted third molar.

PMID- 1074730
TI  - Recent advances in haemophilia.

PMID- 1074731
TI  - Supplementary pension arrangements.

PMID- 1074732
TI  - Mechanical methods of paralleling pinholes.

PMID- 1074733
TI  - Training for assisted clinical dentistry.

PMID- 1074734
TI  - Preventive dentistry. 6. Topical fluorides: mouth rinses, dentifrices, pastes and
      varnishes.

PMID- 1074735
TI  - Capital transfer tax.

PMID- 1074736
TI  - The 'EVA' Prophylaxis Handpiece.

PMID- 1074737
TI  - The clinical use of parallel sided pins.

PMID- 1074739
TI  - Priorities for health in a declining economy.

PMID- 1074738
TI  - Cleft palate.

PMID- 1074740
TI  - The role of the periodontal consultant.

PMID- 1074741
TI  - Dental education in UK.

PMID- 1074742
TI  - The extraction of teeth. The impacted third molar (2).

PMID- 1074743
TI  - Fissure sealants: 1.

PMID- 1074744
TI  - Scientific photo outfit: the instatech camera.

PMID- 1074745
TI  - Savings for higher-rate taxpayers.

PMID- 1074746
TI  - The role of the dental ancillary of the future.

PMID- 1074747
TI  - Serum hepatitis: when will the health departments move?

PMID- 1074748
TI  - Vertical non-parallel screw retention pins for bridges and splints.

PMID- 1074749
TI  - Investing for retirement.

PMID- 1074750
TI  - Prepayment and the component society.

PMID- 1074751
TI  - Chrome steel crowns: a simplified self-assessment technique.

PMID- 1074752
TI  - Root amputations, and hemisections.

PMID- 1074753
TI  - The twist band.

PMID- 1074754
TI  - Role of radiography in dental quality assurance from the insurance carriers'
      viewpoint: presenting the third party concept.

PMID- 1074755
TI  - "Who is secure under social security?".

PMID- 1074756
TI  - The hospital dental service.

PMID- 1074757
TI  - I want to help.

PMID- 1074758
TI  - Why be currently certified?

PMID- 1074759
TI  - Collection agencies, how they can help the dental assistant.

PMID- 1074760
TI  - Arthritis.

PMID- 1074762
TI  - House approves guidelines. Proposed guidelines for intraoral function for dental
      assistants.

PMID- 1074761
TI  - The sunshine of your office.

PMID- 1074763
TI  - The dental assistant is important because mouths are important.

PMID- 1074764
TI  - The dental assistant in the hospital environment.

PMID- 1074765
TI  - [Migration of teeth in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1074766
TI  - [Salaries].

PMID- 1074767
TI  - [Dentino-pulpal complex: therapeutic impact].

PMID- 1074768
TI  - [Meat on the table].

PMID- 1074769
TI  - [Paradox of research and part-time teaching].

PMID- 1074770
TI  - [Importance of dental malposition and migration in periodontics].

PMID- 1074771
TI  - [Oral manifestations of hemangiopericytoma].

PMID- 1074772
TI  - [Financial system. New professional tax].

PMID- 1074773
TI  - [Bacteriologic and therapeutic data on infections of temporary teeth. Eventual
      outcome].

PMID- 1074774
TI  - [Selective tomography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint pain and
      dysfunction syndrome. Presentation of an original technic].

PMID- 1074775
TI  - [Ambulatory anesthesia using alfatesine in stomatology].

PMID- 1074776
TI  - [Endodontic treatment in one siting].

PMID- 1074777
TI  - [Contribution of dibencozide in oral surgery].

PMID- 1074778
TI  - [Future of periodontics].

PMID- 1074779
TI  - [Peri-oral musculature: structure and function].

PMID- 1074780
TI  - [Misadventure and an exception].

PMID- 1074781
TI  - [Responsibility of the anesthesiologist-resusitator].

PMID- 1074782
TI  - [Deontology].

PMID- 1074783
TI  - [Possibilities and current limits of predictions of facial growth].

PMID- 1074784
TI  - [Anti-infective properties of a tetracycline-glucosamine oxine combination in
      stomatological and maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 1074786
TI  - Dental science as evidence in court.

PMID- 1074785
TI  - [Aspirin: its contraindication in oral surgery].

PMID- 1074787
TI  - Some identification cases. 2, abridged.

PMID- 1074788
TI  - Investigation of the efficacy of a treatment program for deviant swallowing and
      allied problems. II.

PMID- 1074789
TI  - The Joint Committee's statement on myofunctional therapy--pros and cons.

PMID- 1074790
TI  - For want of T-L-C.

PMID- 1074791
TI  - Human lingual musculature: an historical review.

PMID- 1074792
TI  - Behavior modification in myofunctional therapy.

PMID- 1074793
TI  - Case study.

PMID- 1074794
TI  - Analysis and interpretation of research publications.

PMID- 1074795
TI  - Hypnosis in myofunctional therapy.

PMID- 1074796
TI  - Plaque: the primary etiologic agent in dental disease--a review of the research.

PMID- 1074797
TI  - Teacher satisfaction with University of Iowa Dental Education Programs.

PMID- 1074798
TI  - The interproximal connection.

PMID- 1074800
TI  - A lemon is a lemon is a lemon!

PMID- 1074799
TI  - Introduction of a new material to dentistry. Nitinol leveling wire and its
      development.

PMID- 1074801
TI  - Dental formula to consider: Patient + Need + Dentist = Dental Treatment + Fee.

PMID- 1074802
TI  - Dental office procedures for breaking an infection chain.

PMID- 1074803
TI  - Breakfast and today's myths.

PMID- 1074804
TI  - As we see it.

PMID- 1074805
TI  - Viral hepatitis B: a special problem in prevention.

PMID- 1074806
TI  - Dental irrigators for oral hygiene, periodontal therapy and prevention of dental
      disease.

PMID- 1074807
TI  - Quantity, nature, and time required for recurrence of the microbial mass
      irrigated from the periodontal pocket.

PMID- 1074809
TI  - A clinician's view of dental irrigation.

PMID- 1074808
TI  - An engineering analysis of oral irrigators with respect to their washing ability.

PMID- 1074810
TI  - What is plaque?

PMID- 1074811
TI  - Interceptive orthodontic treatment of malocclusions in younger children.

PMID- 1074812
TI  - Modifying undesirable oral habits--a behavioral approach.

PMID- 1074813
TI  - Determining the child's goal. A factor in the prevention of dental disease.

PMID- 1074814
TI  - Focusing in on happiness.

PMID- 1074815
TI  - The prevention of dental disease. The child of yesterday--the adult of today.

PMID- 1074816
TI  - A special Thanksgiving message from your plaque control patient.

PMID- 1074817
TI  - Toothkeeper.

PMID- 1074818
TI  - Prevention of dental disease from nine months in utero to eruption of the first
      tooth.

PMID- 1074820
TI  - Biofeedback and kinesiology. Technologies for preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1074819
TI  - Kinesiology and dentistry.

PMID- 1074821
TI  - How does the tongue position affect health?

PMID- 1074822
TI  - Biofeedback and kinesiology.

PMID- 1074823
TI  - Biofeedback personally.

PMID- 1074824
TI  - How big is a mouth?

PMID- 1074825
TI  - The educational role of the CDA Council on Dental Health.

PMID- 1074826
TI  - Operation: plaque attack.

PMID- 1074827
TI  - Public preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1074829
TI  - Smile power. A school health education program conducted by the San Diego County
      Dental Society.

PMID- 1074828
TI  - USC's dental ambassadors. A voluntary student project.

PMID- 1074830
TI  - Dental health activities in Santa Barbara County.

PMID- 1074831
TI  - CDA gets "aggressive" with purchasers.

PMID- 1074832
TI  - Milk...is it related to rampant caries of the early primary dentition?

PMID- 1074833
TI  - A 'class' of their own.

PMID- 1074834
TI  - Call the meeting to order.

PMID- 1074835
TI  - Composite resins--the relationship of filler particle size to finishing
      properties.

PMID- 1074836
TI  - Turkey in the craw.

PMID- 1074838
TI  - . . . And how to play the game.

PMID- 1074837
TI  - On being politic...

PMID- 1074839
TI  - Who's got the PR?

PMID- 1074840
TI  - Undergraduate dental education in perspective.

PMID- 1074841
TI  - The 'new' 4-year curriculum at UCSF.

PMID- 1074842
TI  - The 3-year curriculum at UOP.

PMID- 1074843
TI  - The problem-oriented dental record. An essential ingredient for advancing the
      quality of clinical education.

PMID- 1074844
TI  - Leadership or responsiveness?

PMID- 1074845
TI  - Surgical treatment of supererupted teeth for prosthetic abutments.

PMID- 1074847
TI  - Of horses and paper.

PMID- 1074846
TI  - Keeping everyone happy.

PMID- 1074848
TI  - Service: our beloved camel.

PMID- 1074849
TI  - Health evaluation at scientific sessions.

PMID- 1074851
TI  - It can happen here.

PMID- 1074850
TI  - Third molar enucleation: diagnosis and technique.

PMID- 1074852
TI  - The great navigation problem.

PMID- 1074853
TI  - Journal interview: Henry Lucas, DDS.

PMID- 1074854
TI  - National Health Insurance.

PMID- 1074855
TI  - Toothaches of nonodontogenic origin.

PMID- 1074856
TI  - Reduction of acute dislocation of the mandible.

PMID- 1074857
TI  - Problems in patient relations.

PMID- 1074858
TI  - Distribution of fluoridated water in California: 1976.

PMID- 1074859
TI  - California Dentists' Guild.

PMID- 1074860
TI  - Price advertising by professionals.

PMID- 1074861
TI  - Thomas Jefferson--where are you now that we need you?

PMID- 1074862
TI  - Journal interview: F. Gene Dixon, DDS.

PMID- 1074863
TI  - Are all the real issues being met?

PMID- 1074864
TI  - Malpractice rates increasing.

PMID- 1074865
TI  - Orthomatic, a computerized approach to managing an orthodontic office.

PMID- 1074866
TI  - Dr. Jack G. Dale on serial extraction.

PMID- 1074867
TI  - Orthodontist's income.

PMID- 1074868
TI  - The limitations of tooth movement within the symphysis, studied with laminagraphy
      and standardized occlusal films.

PMID- 1074869
TI  - Fighting inflation through productivity sharing.

PMID- 1074871
TI  - The high-pull timing headgear.

PMID- 1074870
TI  - The modular self-locking appliance system. A variation in the combination
      technique. 4.

PMID- 1074872
TI  - An approach to incisor retreatment.

PMID- 1074874
TI  - Orthodontic welding.

PMID- 1074873
TI  - Dr. Jack G. Dale on serial extraction. 2.

PMID- 1074875
TI  - Metric weight and measure conversions for orthodontists.

PMID- 1074877
TI  - The straight-wire appliance. Explained and compared.

PMID- 1074876
TI  - The straight-wire appliance, origin, controversy, commentary.

PMID- 1074878
TI  - Dr. Jack G. Dale on serial extraction. 3.

PMID- 1074879
TI  - Orthodontists face a great economic challenge.

PMID- 1074880
TI  - Orthodontic economic indicators.

PMID- 1074881
TI  - Don't keep the faith...spread it around.

PMID- 1074882
TI  - Third molars and orthodontic diagnosis.

PMID- 1074883
TI  - The straight-wire appliance. Case histories: non-extraction.

PMID- 1074885
TI  - Orthodontic economic indicators.

PMID- 1074884
TI  - Rotating springs for mandibular incisors.

PMID- 1074886
TI  - Blueprint for economic survival in orthodontics.

PMID- 1074887
TI  - The straight-wire appliance. Extraction brackets and "classification of
      treatment".

PMID- 1074888
TI  - Cleft lip and palate.

PMID- 1074889
TI  - Growing economic threat to orthodontic practice.

PMID- 1074890
TI  - The straight-wire appliance. Extraction series brackets.

PMID- 1074891
TI  - Copying 35mm slides.

PMID- 1074892
TI  - Word processing: a step toward painless dental communications.

PMID- 1074894
TI  - Eroding effect of inflation on purchasing power.

PMID- 1074893
TI  - Dr. Richard A. Riedel on retention and relapse.

PMID- 1074895
TI  - The straight-wire appliance. Extraction series brackets.

PMID- 1074896
TI  - The importance of interbracket width in orthodontic tooth movement.

PMID- 1074897
TI  - Special considerations for adult orthodontics.

PMID- 1074899
TI  - The extraction-nonextraction system.

PMID- 1074898
TI  - Adaptability of the twin-wire appliance to modern day orthodontics.

PMID- 1074900
TI  - Physiologic drift.

PMID- 1074901
TI  - Combined use of elastic thread and elastic modules.

PMID- 1074902
TI  - Indirect pulp capping.

PMID- 1074903
TI  - Products available for topical fluoride therapy.

PMID- 1074904
TI  - Clinical photography simplified.

PMID- 1074905
TI  - Basic oral health survey of Rhodesian African secondary school pupils.

PMID- 1074906
TI  - Industrial dental clinics: advantages and disadvantages.

PMID- 1074907
TI  - Rontgenological diagnosis.

PMID- 1074908
TI  - [Dentifrices].

PMID- 1074909
TI  - Postnatal growth of the mandible as revealed by a measuring technique on the
      mandibulometer.

PMID- 1074910
TI  - [A Thai dentofacial norm at age 12 (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074911
TI  - Antigenic property of dextransucrase and its possible role in dental caries
      prophylaxis.

PMID- 1074912
TI  - [Effect of cortisone in hamster wound healing].

PMID- 1074913
TI  - Phagocytosis of thorotrast by human gingival epithelial (SG line) cells in tissue
      culture: an electron microscopic study.

PMID- 1074914
TI  - A study contrasting the growth patterns of the mandible with the pterygoid
      process of the sphenoid bone.

PMID- 1074915
TI  - [Treatment in a special clinic of Mahidol University School of Dentistry 1972
      1974].

PMID- 1074916
TI  - The effect of smoking on respiratory diseases.

PMID- 1074917
TI  - [Maxillofacial prosthetics].

PMID- 1074918
TI  - [Location of mandibular foramen in Thai people].

PMID- 1074919
TI  - [The ability of dental assistants].

PMID- 1074920
TI  - [Dental public health and research].

PMID- 1074921
TI  - Anomalies of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle.

PMID- 1074922
TI  - [Facial paralysis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074923
TI  - [Dental treatment and care in the pregnant patient].

PMID- 1074924
TI  - [Asian meeting and the dental nurse in New Zealand].

PMID- 1074925
TI  - [Use of questionnaires in dental public health surveys].

PMID- 1074926
TI  - [The caries preventing effect of mouthrinsing with 0.2% sodium fluoride solution
      in schoolchildren].

PMID- 1074927
TI  - [The ANB angle of females (dental students) aged 21 to 25. Chulalongkorn
      University].

PMID- 1074928
TI  - The effect of hyperglycemia and hypertonic saline on gastric acid secretion and
      mucosal blood flow.

PMID- 1074929
TI  - [Location of mental foramen in Thai skulls].

PMID- 1074930
TI  - [Properties and reactions (in vitro) of carbonated beverages on human enamel
      surfaces before and after fluoride treatment. (Preliminary report)].

PMID- 1074931
TI  - [Suggestion for dental curriculum development].

PMID- 1074932
TI  - [Causes of the lack of complete anesthesia in the mandibular nerve block].

PMID- 1074933
TI  - [R.P.I. clasp retainer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074934
TI  - Nystatin and chlorhexidine in the treatment of denture stomatitis.

PMID- 1074935
TI  - [Absorption of fluoride by the gastric mucosa in dog].

PMID- 1074936
TI  - Remineralization in enamel.

PMID- 1074937
TI  - [Dental caries occurrence in Asahi-cho children after 3 3/4 years of water
      fluoridation].

PMID- 1074938
TI  - [Training dental students in a health center].

PMID- 1074940
TI  - [Posture of the operator in dental treatment with particular reference to the
      spinal column].

PMID- 1074939
TI  - A study on caries prevention effects of dentifrices containing sodium
      monofluorophosphate, sodium monofluorophosphate plus dextranase, and sodium
      monofluorophosphate plus sodium phosphate.

PMID- 1074941
TI  - [Illumination of dental surfaces, measurement of illumination by Cds and effects
      of the dental mirror].

PMID- 1074942
TI  - [The irritation test method in oral mucosa: report 1: a consideration of
      irritation of dextranase in oral mucosa].

PMID- 1074943
TI  - [Scanning electron microscope investigation of the in vitro effects of a
      bacteriolytic enzyme on human dental plaque].

PMID- 1074944
TI  - [An epidemiological study on dental caries in permanent teeth of school children
      in Kanagawa prefecture. Report 1].

PMID- 1074945
TI  - Dental health services in Norway. I. Frame of reference.

PMID- 1074946
TI  - [Distribution of fluoride in human enamel surfaces (I)].

PMID- 1074947
TI  - [Recent advances in anterior filling materials].

PMID- 1074948
TI  - [Treatment of infected root canal with open apices].

PMID- 1074949
TI  - [Anticoagulants in oral surgery].

PMID- 1074950
TI  - [Age and psychological factors in complete denture patients].

PMID- 1074951
TI  - [Achondroplasia, a case report].

PMID- 1074952
TI  - [A review of the techniques for improvement of dental porcelain].

PMID- 1074953
TI  - [Root canal obturation].

PMID- 1074954
TI  - [The lymphatic system of head and neck].

PMID- 1074955
TI  - [Tooth extraction in hemophiliacs].

PMID- 1074957
TI  - [Intraoral treatments in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1074956
TI  - [Dental amalgam].

PMID- 1074958
TI  - [Oro-antral fistula during dental extraction and the treatment].

PMID- 1074959
TI  - [Oral hygiene, plaque, periodontal disease and caries].

PMID- 1074960
TI  - [Radiological interpretation of pathologic changes of lamina Dura].

PMID- 1074961
TI  - [Etiology of oral habits].

PMID- 1074962
TI  - [Oral habits and dento-skeletal malocclusions].

PMID- 1074963
TI  - [Control of oral habit].

PMID- 1074964
TI  - [Myofunctional therapy].

PMID- 1074965
TI  - [Fluoridation].

PMID- 1074966
TI  - [Endodontic stabilizers].

PMID- 1074967
TI  - [Behcet's syndrome: a review of literature and case report].

PMID- 1074969
TI  - [Osteomyelitis and osteoradionecrosis].

PMID- 1074968
TI  - [Oral habits: definition and varieties].

PMID- 1074970
TI  - [Root canal filling materials].

PMID- 1074971
TI  - [The anatomy of neck triangles].

PMID- 1074972
TI  - [Pemphigus vulgaris. A case report].

PMID- 1074973
TI  - [Surgical removal of lower impacted wisdom teeth].

PMID- 1074974
TI  - [Carcinoma of the antrum].

PMID- 1074975
TI  - Telling it like it is...(or at least how I see it).

PMID- 1074976
TI  - The dentist--his practice--and governmental influence. Keynote address.

PMID- 1074977
TI  - Overview of federal programs and philosophies.

PMID- 1074978
TI  - Federal legislation affecting dental education.

PMID- 1074979
TI  - National Health Service Corps. Emphasis on Alabama and Southeast.

PMID- 1074981
TI  - Suits and counter suits.

PMID- 1074980
TI  - Health planning in Alabama.

PMID- 1074982
TI  - The distal extension partial denture and a method of treatment.

PMID- 1074983
TI  - Diagnosis please.

PMID- 1074984
TI  - Must we, too have to advertise?

PMID- 1074985
TI  - Double procedure techniques in periodontal surgery.

PMID- 1074986
TI  - [Dendritic clear cells in the oral epithelium (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074987
TI  - [A physico-chemical study of biological hard tissues by infrared absorption
      spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074988
TI  - [Studies on exo-type of Beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase in human parotid saliva.
      Purification and some properties of the enzyme having isoelectric point 7.2
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074989
TI  - [Laboratory studies of acid-containing beverages and some aspects in terms of
      oral hygiene (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074990
TI  - [Maximum biting forces in the patients with progressive muscular dystrophy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074992
TI  - Limitations of preventive orthodontics.

PMID- 1074991
TI  - [Coenzyme Q and its clinical application (author's transl)].

PMID- 1074993
TI  - Preventive and interceptive orthodontics.

PMID- 1074994
TI  - Dental radiology in preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1074995
TI  - Modern trends in preventive cariology.

PMID- 1074996
TI  - The prevention of dental caries.

PMID- 1074997
TI  - Further follow up study of the delayed replantation of teeth.

PMID- 1074998
TI  - Current trends in the management of facial pain.

PMID- 1074999
TI  - Referred otalgia of dental origin.

PMID- 1075000
TI  - Bilateral facial sinus of odontogenic origin.

PMID- 1075001
TI  - Multiple births and dentofacial complex. A review of literature.

PMID- 1075002
TI  - Cutaneous lesions in anatomical relations to dental pathology.

PMID- 1075003
TI  - Primary soft tissue plasmacytoma.

PMID- 1075004
TI  - Racial comparison of dentofacial cephalometric norms using Downs' analysis.

PMID- 1075005
TI  - Leiomyoma of the oral cavity. Report of a case.

PMID- 1075007
TI  - The role of the part-time teacher in dental education.

PMID- 1075006
TI  - Effect of age on mitotic index of buccal mucous membrane.

PMID- 1075008
TI  - Secretory status and periodontal diseases.

PMID- 1075009
TI  - Diabetic carbuncle.

PMID- 1075010
TI  - Ameloblastoma mandible arising from dentigerous cyst. A case report.

PMID- 1075011
TI  - An unusual variation of maxillary permanent first molar.

PMID- 1075012
TI  - Dimensional changes of dental arches amongst 6 to 12 years of age children.

PMID- 1075013
TI  - The I.D.A.'s increasing responsibility.

PMID- 1075014
TI  - Antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates of dento-alveolar abscesses.

PMID- 1075015
TI  - Problems of gemination, fusion, twinning and supernumerary teeth.

PMID- 1075016
TI  - Pregnancy tumour of the gum.

PMID- 1075018
TI  - A beginning evaluation of dental manpower units and dental manpower equivalents
      in Indiana as of December 1973.

PMID- 1075017
TI  - Pain and the cracked tooth.

PMID- 1075019
TI  - The care and maintenance of a developing occlusion.

PMID- 1075020
TI  - Retention for the proximal portion of the Class II amalgam restoration.

PMID- 1075021
TI  - A personal view of dental education in the U.S.S.R.

PMID- 1075022
TI  - Chemical preventive dentistry for the special patient.

PMID- 1075023
TI  - Pin retained restorations and their role in splinting teeth.

PMID- 1075024
TI  - Money available for community fluoridation.

PMID- 1075025
TI  - TEAM and expanded duties--the Indiana approach.

PMID- 1075026
TI  - Burnishing, a technique for improving the amalgam restoration.

PMID- 1075027
TI  - Clefts and dental hygiene care.

PMID- 1075028
TI  - State of art? Recording centric relation.

PMID- 1075029
TI  - Oral problems in the aging patient.

PMID- 1075030
TI  - Practicing dentistry in a retirement home.

PMID- 1075031
TI  - Periodontal health through restorative contour.

PMID- 1075033
TI  - Inlays--a vanishing art.

PMID- 1075032
TI  - Fluoride---self application.

PMID- 1075034
TI  - Amalgam tattoo: report of a case.

PMID- 1075035
TI  - Isolation of fixed prostheses with the rubber dam.

PMID- 1075036
TI  - Oral problems in postmenopausal women.

PMID- 1075038
TI  - Motivating patients for prevention in general practice.

PMID- 1075037
TI  - Supernumerary teeth: case report.

PMID- 1075039
TI  - Dental laboratory technology, Indiana University-Purdue University at Fort Wayne.

PMID- 1075040
TI  - "Desirable occlusal objectives for the regular dental patient".

PMID- 1075041
TI  - [A new development of an apparatus for measuring the degree of tooth mobility
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075042
TI  - [An experimental study on the changes of morphology and the blood flow of
      gingival microcirculation following thermal irritation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075043
TI  - [Tooth-mobility tester of applying an electromicrometer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075044
TI  - [Study of tooth-mobility. I. The process of returning phase to the original
      position of the tooth following the elimination of load (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075045
TI  - [Studies on gingival connective tissue components of patients with periodontal
      disease. I. Hexosamine and collagen contents (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075046
TI  - [The relationship between root form of the maxillary first premolar and
      periodontal involvement. II. Morphological study on the lateral groove of the
      root (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075047
TI  - [The effects of interdental brush and dental floss in the reduction of
      interdental plaque (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075048
TI  - [The double blind test on plaque control effect of mutanolysin and chlorhexidine
      gluconate using a water pressure irrigating device (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075049
TI  - [Clinical study of local factors causing vertical bone resorption (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075050
TI  - [Studies on the influence of mouth breathing to the periodontal tissue. The
      effect of oral screen and lip-seal tape on the gingiva in mouth breathers
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075051
TI  - [One-piece cast permanent splint using a die-investing technic (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075052
TI  - [Studies on the periodontal surgery. I. Operative field in the oral cavity
      particularly for periodontal surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075053
TI  - [Studies on the periodontal surgery. II. Disposable-blade handle (ITO type)
      devised for application to periodontal surgical procedures (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075054
TI  - [Report of a case on the tooth-mobility after endodontic endosseous implantation
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075055
TI  - [A long-term observation following tooth hemisection for patients with
      periodontal disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075056
TI  - [Mechanisms of the destruction of periodontal tissues (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075057
TI  - [Analysis of volatile sulphur compounds in mouth air by gas chromatography
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075058
TI  - [Effects of peptides on the metabolisms of some microorganisms (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075059
TI  - [A comparison of different toothbrushes and toothbrushing methods on plaque
      removal (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075060
TI  - [Degradative enzymes of insoluble glucans produced by Streptococcus mutans
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075061
TI  - [A basic study on the measurements of the percussion sound of the tooth (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075062
TI  - [Studies of gingival connective tissue components of patients with periodontal
      disease. II. Uronic acid and soluble collagen contents (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075063
TI  - [Observation of the periodontal condition of senior high school students in their
      successive three years. Salivary occult blood test and PMA index (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075064
TI  - [Clinical effect of "ACES" gingival massage agent on periodontal disease
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075065
TI  - [A quantitative study on free cholesterol, cholesterol ester and total
      cholesterol content of human gingiva in different degrees of chronic marginal
      periodontitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075066
TI  - [A study on the correlation between the Munsell values and histopathological
      findings in human gingiva (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075067
TI  - [A study of exfoliative cytology in periodontal disease. The relation between a
      degree of inflammation; cytological findings and histopathological findings
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075068
TI  - [Establishment of plaque-forming Streptococcus mutans in germfree mice (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075069
TI  - [Histopathological study on the experimental formation of the bismuth line in rat
      gingiva (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075070
TI  - [The abrasiveness by modern dentifrices (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075071
TI  - [Studies on the periodontal surgery. III. Examination of suture materials in
      human periodontal tissues (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075072
TI  - [Studies on the periodontal surgery. IV. An instrument for obtaining donor tissue
      from palatal mucosa (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075073
TI  - [Study on relation between periodontal disease and beta-glucuronidase activity.
      III. beta-glucuronidase activities in gingival tissue from patients with
      periodontal disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075074
TI  - [Analysis of lipids in the human gingiva by thin-layer chromatography with flame
      ionization detector (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075075
TI  - [A study on periodontal dressing materials. I. The sealing effects of periodontal
      dressing materials (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075076
TI  - [A study on periodontal dressing materials. 2. On the physico-chemical properties
      of periodontal dressing materials (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075077
TI  - [Localization of actinomyces naeslundii in human gingiva from periodontal disease
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075078
TI  - [The effect of water pressure on physiological property of gingiva by water pik
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075079
TI  - [A clinical study on mixed salivary leukocytes and occult blood in patients with
      periodontal disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075080
TI  - [A new periodontal probe, electro-perio probe (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075081
TI  - [A case report of the chronic desquamative gingivitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075082
TI  - [Properties of connective tissue and periodontal disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075083
TI  - [An analysis of the mandibular anterior movement based on lateral-oblique
      radiograms (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075084
TI  - [The application of holography interference method to the orthodontics: in
      relation to the tooth movement (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075086
TI  - [Stability of orthodontically rotated teeth in dogs; The effect of mechanical
      retention and gingival fiber transection (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075085
TI  - [Extraction of lower second premolars in orthodontic treatment (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075087
TI  - [Three cases with extraction of maxillary lateral incisor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075088
TI  - [Treatment of bimaxillary protrusion with the carious destruction of first
      molars: a case report (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075089
TI  - [A study on the coronal width measurement of unerupted permanent teeth with
      reference to bisecting angle and parallel radiographic methods (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075090
TI  - [Prediction of the sizes of unerupted cuspid and bicuspids from the oblique (45
      degrees) cephalometric film (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075091
TI  - Management of patients with congential and acquired oral facial deformitites.

PMID- 1075093
TI  - Dental insurance found profitable.

PMID- 1075092
TI  - A new program in dental laboratory technology at the LSU School of Dentistry.

PMID- 1075094
TI  - Dental disease prevention techniques and aids available to the general
      practitioner.

PMID- 1075095
TI  - Extra-oral surgical excision of an impacted mandibular bicuspid.

PMID- 1075096
TI  - The overlay denture--what and why?

PMID- 1075097
TI  - Cariostatic effects of fluoride mouthrinses in a fluoridated community.

PMID- 1075098
TI  - Expanded duty dental assistants--what are their limitations?

PMID- 1075099
TI  - A maxillary double-hinged-lock removable partial denture--report of case.

PMID- 1075101
TI  - The overlay denture--how.

PMID- 1075100
TI  - Bone transplantation technics and its clinical applications.

PMID- 1075102
TI  - Applying current knowledge of prevention in dental education.

PMID- 1075103
TI  - The overlay denture--then what.

PMID- 1075104
TI  - An analysis of trends among recent graduates of the University of Louisville
      School of Dentistry.

PMID- 1075105
TI  - Characterization of drug prescribing practices among Kentucky dentists.

PMID- 1075106
TI  - Dentistry for the older patient.

PMID- 1075107
TI  - Duplication radiographs with the clinical camera.

PMID- 1075108
TI  - Self-inflicted injury to teeth and supporting structures associated with an
      occupational habit.

PMID- 1075109
TI  - Under the microscope.

PMID- 1075110
TI  - Report of tooth transplant from daughter to mother, 1972-1975.

PMID- 1075111
TI  - A viewpoint of anesthesia in dentistry and its relation to prepaid dental plans.

PMID- 1075112
TI  - Happier dentistry.

PMID- 1075113
TI  - Current concepts and controversies in endodontics.

PMID- 1075115
TI  - "Hi-Ho Silver".

PMID- 1075114
TI  - Normal pathways of infection resulting from acute periapical abscess of
      mandibular teeth.

PMID- 1075116
TI  - A leisure approach to leisure.

PMID- 1075117
TI  - Serial extraction.

PMID- 1075118
TI  - Hazards of mercury.

PMID- 1075119
TI  - The role of bite planes in therapy.

PMID- 1075120
TI  - Proplast--is that the answer?

PMID- 1075121
TI  - Urgent!

PMID- 1075123
TI  - Attitudes on anxiety control.

PMID- 1075122
TI  - Not for dentistry.

PMID- 1075124
TI  - Time for some recognition.

PMID- 1075126
TI  - Why project dental health?

PMID- 1075125
TI  - Physical fitness over 40.

PMID- 1075127
TI  - Laboratory dentist relations.

PMID- 1075129
TI  - We can help ourselves.

PMID- 1075128
TI  - Prevention of bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 1075131
TI  - Dental assistant utilization for practicing dentists and their assistants.

PMID- 1075130
TI  - Dentigerous cyst associated with an odontoma: report of case.

PMID- 1075132
TI  - Hypertension screening guidelines for dentists.

PMID- 1075134
TI  - The American nutritional dilemma.

PMID- 1075133
TI  - Guidelines on use of radiographs in dental care programs.

PMID- 1075135
TI  - Communication with the adolescent deaf patient.

PMID- 1075136
TI  - Dental examiners national testing service.

PMID- 1075137
TI  - Stay! We need you.

PMID- 1075138
TI  - Advocacy presentations in dental journalism.

PMID- 1075139
TI  - Dental health manpower--adequate or inadequate?

PMID- 1075140
TI  - The Federals are coming...the Federals are coming! 1.

PMID- 1075141
TI  - Chronic osteomyelitis of the edentulous mandible: case report.

PMID- 1075142
TI  - Hemophiliacs need your help.

PMID- 1075143
TI  - The attitudes of dentists. Survey I, Spring 1975.

PMID- 1075144
TI  - Growing up to the maximum use of auxiliaries.

PMID- 1075145
TI  - The report of the Commission to evaluate the "Final Report, A Study of New Duties
      for Dental Hygienists" conducted at Forsyth Dental Center in Boston,
      Massachusetts.

PMID- 1075146
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1075147
TI  - The dentist as entrepreneur: private enterprise and the future of dentistry.

PMID- 1075149
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1075148
TI  - Varied response to injury and to endodontic treatment.

PMID- 1075150
TI  - Hockey team dentist.

PMID- 1075151
TI  - An opinion (endodontic treatment).

PMID- 1075152
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1075153
TI  - Will your practice survive third party pay?

PMID- 1075154
TI  - The role of bacteria in periodontal disease.

PMID- 1075155
TI  - What is oral pathology?

PMID- 1075156
TI  - A suggested system for control of patient appointments.

PMID- 1075157
TI  - Dental education and manpower.

PMID- 1075158
TI  - I oppose mandatory continuing education.

PMID- 1075159
TI  - Considerations favoring the policy of mandatory continuing education.

PMID- 1075160
TI  - What can dental wives do.

PMID- 1075161
TI  - Oral exfoliative cytology.

PMID- 1075163
TI  - A time to remember and plan.

PMID- 1075162
TI  - Are we losing our personal touch?

PMID- 1075164
TI  - Age of the antagonist.

PMID- 1075165
TI  - Hypertension detection by dentists.

PMID- 1075166
TI  - 1776-1976 "Freedom isn't free".

PMID- 1075167
TI  - Myography in occlusion.

PMID- 1075168
TI  - Dental care programs in Switzerland.

PMID- 1075169
TI  - Oral leukoplakia.

PMID- 1075170
TI  - Communication.

PMID- 1075171
TI  - Problems-problems.

PMID- 1075172
TI  - Distalizing erupting permanent first molars.

PMID- 1075173
TI  - A day in the life of Milton Median DDS.

PMID- 1075174
TI  - New Jersey Dental School. New student and faculty programs.

PMID- 1075175
TI  - Periodontal disease, focal infection and systemic health.

PMID- 1075176
TI  - Team approach to cancer of head & neck.

PMID- 1075177
TI  - Pernicious oro-facial habits.

PMID- 1075178
TI  - Late supernumerary premolar formation.

PMID- 1075179
TI  - Academia and health sciences industry.

PMID- 1075180
TI  - CMDNJ--the freshman class.

PMID- 1075182
TI  - Developing a nursing home dental program and facility.

PMID- 1075181
TI  - The dental assistant--you've come a long way Baby,...where to now?

PMID- 1075183
TI  - Collimation for radiation safety.

PMID- 1075185
TI  - Where is prepaid dental going?

PMID- 1075184
TI  - Tomorrow's challenge today.

PMID- 1075186
TI  - It hurts the dentist too.

PMID- 1075187
TI  - A report on lesions diagnosed in the School of Dentistry Biopsy Service,
      University of Oregon Health Sciences Center.

PMID- 1075188
TI  - Where should prepaid dental care be going?

PMID- 1075189
TI  - Direct and indirect pulp capping.

PMID- 1075190
TI  - How teeth are retained naturally. 1.

PMID- 1075191
TI  - The need for re-licensure tests.

PMID- 1075192
TI  - Nutrition in preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1075193
TI  - Are our dental laws adequate?

PMID- 1075194
TI  - How teeth are retained naturally. 2.

PMID- 1075195
TI  - A preventive oriented classification of tooth discolorations.

PMID- 1075196
TI  - Fluoride content of popular carbonated beverages.

PMID- 1075197
TI  - The law and dentistry.

PMID- 1075198
TI  - National Foundation for The Prevention of Oral Disease and The Journal of
      Preventive Dentistry.

PMID- 1075199
TI  - Evaluation of a THETA program.

PMID- 1075200
TI  - The scientific basis of the sealant procedure.

PMID- 1075201
TI  - Microbiologic aspects of sealing carious lesions.

PMID- 1075202
TI  - Foreword.

PMID- 1075203
TI  - Preface.

PMID- 1075204
TI  - Preface.

PMID- 1075205
TI  - Clinical effects on varying the numbers and distribution patterns of toothbrush
      bristle tufts on plaque removal.

PMID- 1075206
TI  - Psycho-social variables as predictors of an improved oral health state.

PMID- 1075207
TI  - The effect of bucco-lingual crown contours on gingival health. A reappraisal.

PMID- 1075208
TI  - A biologic concept of occlusion.

PMID- 1075209
TI  - Restorative dentistry must be preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1075210
TI  - Tertiary prevention: a goal of removable prosthodontics. 1. The all-tooth
      supported removable partial denture.

PMID- 1075211
TI  - Preface.

PMID- 1075212
TI  - Malpractice--prevention is easier than the cure.

PMID- 1075213
TI  - Replantation.

PMID- 1075214
TI  - Consequences?

PMID- 1075215
TI  - 'Bye Bye Blues'.

PMID- 1075216
TI  - Physical and mechanical properties of three zinc polyacrylate dental cements.

PMID- 1075218
TI  - The proper use of insurance.

PMID- 1075217
TI  - Why does the Michigan Department of Public Health promote water fluoridation?

PMID- 1075219
TI  - Prevention beyond teeth.

PMID- 1075220
TI  - Professional dilution: what is the price?

PMID- 1075221
TI  - 'Your slip is showing': work authorizations for complete dentures.

PMID- 1075222
TI  - The economic totem pole.

PMID- 1075223
TI  - Another step backward.

PMID- 1075224
TI  - . . . Cause for alarm!

PMID- 1075225
TI  - Histological evaluation of a new primer system.

PMID- 1075226
TI  - Continuing education preferences of Michigan dentists and dental hygienists.

PMID- 1075227
TI  - Where are we going?

PMID- 1075228
TI  - You decide.

PMID- 1075229
TI  - Third-party payment of preventive dental services.

PMID- 1075231
TI  - Could you wait 'til Friday?

PMID- 1075230
TI  - 'Dental Health Guide for Teachers' completed for grades K-9.

PMID- 1075232
TI  - TEAM--in the third year of operation.

PMID- 1075233
TI  - Form of government--your choice.

PMID- 1075234
TI  - HOD proposal best!

PMID- 1075235
TI  - And then there were none...

PMID- 1075236
TI  - Performance of radiographic services requires formal training.

PMID- 1075237
TI  - Enforcement: every dentist's responsibility.

PMID- 1075238
TI  - Custom splint stabilization of alveolar fractures and avulsed teeth.

PMID- 1075239
TI  - What happened to dental education?

PMID- 1075240
TI  - The history of dental fraternities.

PMID- 1075241
TI  - MDA testimony on proposed Public Health Code.

PMID- 1075243
TI  - Health Manpower Act revisited.

PMID- 1075242
TI  - Analysis of dental manpower needs.

PMID- 1075244
TI  - Diagnosis problem of the month.

PMID- 1075245
TI  - Dental expense insurance. A report to the dentist.

PMID- 1075246
TI  - Necrotizing sialometaplasia.

PMID- 1075247
TI  - Tetracycline stain--treatable scourge.

PMID- 1075249
TI  - Oral problems in the aging patient.

PMID- 1075248
TI  - Diagnosis problem of the month.

PMID- 1075250
TI  - Dentist's view of your dental insurance protection.

PMID- 1075251
TI  - Diagnosis problem of the month.

PMID- 1075252
TI  - Screening clinic.

PMID- 1075253
TI  - The A.D.A. Retirement Plan--a disappointment?

PMID- 1075254
TI  - Clinical laboratory testing for the dentist.

PMID- 1075255
TI  - Diagnosis problem of the month.

PMID- 1075256
TI  - Curiosity can be a killer.

PMID- 1075257
TI  - You must say "no".

PMID- 1075258
TI  - Questions you want to ask?!

PMID- 1075259
TI  - Diagnosis problem of the month.

PMID- 1075260
TI  - Quicker, more accurate jaw relation records for denture patients.

PMID- 1075261
TI  - The search for a more effective topical fluoride.

PMID- 1075262
TI  - Blood pressure highs or down and up the manometer.

PMID- 1075263
TI  - Enamel projections and furcation involvements.

PMID- 1075264
TI  - More...about the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act.

PMID- 1075265
TI  - Diagnosis problem of the month.

PMID- 1075266
TI  - A fast, precise technique for direct inlays.

PMID- 1075267
TI  - A new third party dental plan.

PMID- 1075269
TI  - Diagnosis problem of the month.

PMID- 1075268
TI  - Prevention of contamination in the dental office.

PMID- 1075270
TI  - The pharmacology of N20-02 sedation.

PMID- 1075271
TI  - Sense modification in conjunction with nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation.

PMID- 1075272
TI  - Nitrous oxide and the psychiatric patient: report of a case.

PMID- 1075273
TI  - The relaxation plateau in stage 1 N20-02 administration.

PMID- 1075274
TI  - Anatomy and physiology of the nervous system pain mechanism and pain control.

PMID- 1075275
TI  - The constant 02 flow method of administration of N20-02.

PMID- 1075276
TI  - [Correlation of serum mucoprotein with the clinical status of patients with oral
      cancer and other oral diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075277
TI  - [Clinico-statistical observations on the general anesthesia during the past five
      years (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075278
TI  - [Postoperative scars and cleavage lines (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075279
TI  - [Central hemangioma of the mandible: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075280
TI  - [Ameloblastic sarcoma of the maxilla: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075281
TI  - [Electron microscopic observations of fibromatosis gingivae (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075282
TI  - [Immediate surgical and orthodontic treatment of interincisal diastemas: report
      of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075283
TI  - [Rhabdomyosarcoma in the left temporal region: report of a case (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075284
TI  - [A new trial of menisectomy of the temporomandibular joint (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075285
TI  - [A case report of metastatic clear cell carcinoma of the oral cavity (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075286
TI  - [Cleft lip and palate associated with congenital radio-ulnar synostosis: report
      of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075287
TI  - [A case of peripheral osteoma of the left maxilla (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075288
TI  - [Fractures of the facial skeleton associated with various complications (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075289
TI  - [Serum concentration of erythromycin suppositories and clinical use in oral
      surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075290
TI  - [Studies of the vessels of the periodontal membrane and the inferior alveolar
      canal by means of light and electron microscopy with special reference to
      presence or absence of lymphatic vessels and particular structure of venules
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075291
TI  - [Studies on allograft in adult rat parabiont. II. It's pathological findings and
      cell-to-cell contact in tissue culture (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075292
TI  - [Clinical studies on anxiety about dental treatment. III (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075293
TI  - [An improved method for sialography monitored by X-ray television (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075294
TI  - [Warthin's tumor of the left parotid gland (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075295
TI  - [An additional case of the Median mandibular cyst: report of a case with a review
      of the literature (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075296
TI  - [Osteochondroma of the left coronoid process followed by extremely restricted
      mandibular movement: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075297
TI  - [A case of fibrosarcoma difficult in histological diagnosis due to its prominent
      desmoplastic feature (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075298
TI  - [A case report of the impacted lower first molar suspiciously associated with
      follicular dental cyst (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075299
TI  - [A case of Paget's disease of bone (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075300
TI  - [A case of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075301
TI  - [A case of tongue anomaly (accessory tongue) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075302
TI  - [Two cases of myxofibroma of the maxilla (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075303
TI  - [Fracture of zygomatic arch--a new method of treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075304
TI  - [The effect of local administration of 5-fluorouracil in leukoplakia of the oral
      mucous membrane (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075305
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of the antiinflammatory agent (clonixin) after tooth
      extraction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075306
TI  - [Study on clinical effect of 30% nitrous oxide and oxygen mixture (anesoxin-30)
      in oral surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075307
TI  - [On the patients consciousness of their own repaired cleft palate (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075308
TI  - [Studies on head hemodynamics in dental and oral surgical procedures (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075309
TI  - [Clinical studies on odontogenic rhinitis and odontogenic sinusitis with an
      emphasis placed on so-called maxillary sinusitis of dental origin (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075310
TI  - [Fluorometric studies on concentration of tetracycline antibiotics in the oral
      tissue after their oral administration (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075311
TI  - [Two cases of chronic inflammation of the cheek due to a foreign body (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075312
TI  - [A case of large epidermoid cyst of the floor of the mouth following difficulty
      in swallowing (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075313
TI  - [An infant with infection of the remnant Epstein's pearl found in the palate
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075314
TI  - [A case of tuberculosis of the gingiva (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075315
TI  - [Study on the application of polyvinylpyrrolidone iodine in oral surgery
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075316
TI  - [Therapeutic effects of niflumic acid, new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      analgesic, by means of double blind test in the field of oral surgery. (I).
      Effects on the postexodontic pains (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075317
TI  - [Therapeutic effects of niflumic acid, new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      analgesic, by means of double blind test in the field of oral surgery. (II). Its
      effects on the post operative inflammation in oral surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075318
TI  - [Therapeutic effects of niflumic acid, new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
      analgesic, by means of double blind test in the field of oral surgery. (III).
      Effects on arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075319
TI  - [Studies on anaerobic organisms in the oral cavity. X. Bacteremia following oral
      surgical operation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075320
TI  - [Changes in the temporomandibular joints of rats in experimental osteolathyrism
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075321
TI  - [Experimental study on development of the periapical disease of the dog (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075322
TI  - [Changes of the tooth and periodontal tissues of rabbits after thyroidectomy
      combined with continuous administration of cholesterol (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075323
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of the surface of the human oral mucosa. 2.
      Hyperkeratotic lesions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075324
TI  - [Clinical summary of 63 cases of epulis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075325
TI  - [Studies of treatment for cleft lip and/or palate. I. Preoperative clinical and
      laboratory findings of patients for primary cheiloplasty (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075326
TI  - [Metastatic retinoblastoma of the mandible: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075327
TI  - [Two cases of large epulis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075328
TI  - [A case of hypertrophy of the right condylar process (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075329
TI  - [Intraosseous hemangioma of the mandible: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075330
TI  - [Primary malignant lymphomas of the mandible and the cervical region (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075331
TI  - [A case of impacted third molar and dentigerous cyst located below the sigmoid
      notch of the mandible (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075332
TI  - [Mucoepidermoid tumor of the medianpalate: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075333
TI  - [Stick wound of the palate of children on playing (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075334
TI  - [A case of epidermoid cyst of the lower lip region including the left mouth
      angle. Problems derived from the cholesterin crystals and foreign body giant cell
      reaction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075335
TI  - [Amyloid tumor of the lips: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075336
TI  - [Three cases of capillary hemangiomas on the tongue--a view on its differential
      diagnosis from pyogenic granuloma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075337
TI  - [Two cases of obsolete bilateral dislocation of the temporomandibular joints
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075338
TI  - [A case of osteogenesis imperfecta associated with multiple fractures (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075339
TI  - [Diagnostic application of arthroscope to ankylosis of the temporomandibular
      joint: report of two cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075340
TI  - [Studies on lymphocyte subpopulations in oral diseases, I. (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075341
TI  - [Histopathological studies on carcinogenesis of the palate (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075342
TI  - [A contribution to pathogenesis of dermoid and epidermoid cysts (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075343
TI  - [Resection and primary reconstruction of the mandible via intraoral route
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075344
TI  - [Central neurilemmoma of the mandible associated with diffuse calcification:
      report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075345
TI  - [Sialolithiasis in cases of an infant girl and old woman (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075346
TI  - [Granular cell tumor of the gingiva of a newborn: report of a case (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075347
TI  - [Osteogenic tumors of the jaws. II. A statistical observation of chondrosarcomas
      of the maxillofacial region in Japan (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075348
TI  - [Pycnodysostosis associated with complications of the jaw: report of a case
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075349
TI  - [Two cases of metastatic tumors to the mouth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075350
TI  - [Primary liver cancer with metastasis to the gingiva: report of a case (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075351
TI  - [A case of fibrous dysplasia with special reference to its clinical and
      pathological finding and the nature of calcified tissue (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075352
TI  - [Four cases of myxoma of the jaws (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075353
TI  - [Four cases of branchial cyst (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075354
TI  - [A case of the tongue defect due to dog bite avulsion (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075355
TI  - [Odonto-ameloblastoma: a review of the literature with report of two cases
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075356
TI  - [So-called branchial cyst: report of two cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075357
TI  - A philosophy and procedure for a successful dental practice.

PMID- 1075358
TI  - Dental pantomography.

PMID- 1075359
TI  - Achieving financial independence form the practice of dentistry.

PMID- 1075360
TI  - Our attitudes x patient reaction = government intervention divided by organized
      dentistry.

PMID- 1075361
TI  - Consumerism and third party.

PMID- 1075362
TI  - The editor and advocacy.

PMID- 1075364
TI  - [Students and assurances of civil and professional responsibility].

PMID- 1075363
TI  - [Impacted teeth].

PMID- 1075366
TI  - How to save on employment taxes.

PMID- 1075365
TI  - [Modern treatment of total edentulousness. Contrary to the implantation
      promises].

PMID- 1075367
TI  - A viewpoint on licensure and denturism.

PMID- 1075368
TI  - The big fat gold tooth.

PMID- 1075369
TI  - Variable life insurance: inflation fighter.

PMID- 1075370
TI  - Denturism. Today Canada--tomorrow U.S.A. and the world.

PMID- 1075371
TI  - Prepaid dental insurance: direct payment not likely in near future.

PMID- 1075372
TI  - Texas registration: three years later.

PMID- 1075373
TI  - Occupational lighting needs for critical acuity tasks in the dental laboratory.

PMID- 1075374
TI  - The cry.

PMID- 1075376
TI  - The cry II.

PMID- 1075375
TI  - A bitter cup of tea.

PMID- 1075377
TI  - Survey of opinion: denturist activities.

PMID- 1075378
TI  - Dental laboratory product liability and related liability.

PMID- 1075379
TI  - Remember the Alamo!

PMID- 1075380
TI  - Planning for the future.

PMID- 1075381
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1075382
TI  - A pedodontic survey of graduates of the University of North Carolina School of
      Dentistry.

PMID- 1075383
TI  - Looking at the future team.

PMID- 1075384
TI  - Minister without portfolio.

PMID- 1075385
TI  - The dental patient knows very little about.

PMID- 1075386
TI  - What is your diagnosis?

PMID- 1075387
TI  - Dental care in Sweden.

PMID- 1075388
TI  - Putting the "bio" back into biochemical studies of craniofacial tissues.

PMID- 1075390
TI  - A direct temporary for a single tooth restoration.

PMID- 1075389
TI  - Excellence and dental practice.

PMID- 1075391
TI  - Dental auxiliary and the dental profession.

PMID- 1075392
TI  - Sharing in the quest for excellence.

PMID- 1075393
TI  - A brief look at the past, present, and future.

PMID- 1075395
TI  - From Babylonia to "Painless Parker".

PMID- 1075394
TI  - A case report: vestibuloplasty for a medically ill patient.

PMID- 1075396
TI  - President's report.

PMID- 1075397
TI  - Sucking of the thumb or fingers.

PMID- 1075399
TI  - Prevention by whom?--with what--for whom?

PMID- 1075400
TI  - Thoughts on preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1075398
TI  - The occurrence and function of oxytalan fibers.

PMID- 1075401
TI  - Hypertension screening. A practice and community service.

PMID- 1075402
TI  - ASH; Action on Smoking and Health.

PMID- 1075403
TI  - Formation of auxiliary personnel for incorporation into the dental health team.

PMID- 1075404
TI  - [Caries: etiology and prevention (bibliographic review)].

PMID- 1075405
TI  - [Retroalveolar radiographic examination with millimetric measurement and its
      application in dentistry].

PMID- 1075406
TI  - [Fundamental concepts of occlusion and their application to fixed prosthesis].

PMID- 1075407
TI  - [Latin American program for oral pathology].

PMID- 1075408
TI  - [Some characteristics which should be considered in the formation of dentists in
      Chile].

PMID- 1075409
TI  - [Comparative study of the solubility of dental enamel in different regions of
      Chile].

PMID- 1075410
TI  - [Micro-hardness tests used in dentistry].

PMID- 1075412
TI  - An autoimmune reaction to a child's primary dentition.

PMID- 1075411
TI  - [Solubility of enamel: A. Growth of crystals].

PMID- 1075413
TI  - The president's message.

PMID- 1075415
TI  - The dentist and consumer credit.

PMID- 1075414
TI  - Patient relations committee.

PMID- 1075416
TI  - A school without ash trays.

PMID- 1075417
TI  - A price comparison for expendibles--mail order vs supply house.

PMID- 1075418
TI  - A new health profession--denturism?

PMID- 1075419
TI  - Defensive dentistry.

PMID- 1075420
TI  - Guidelines for serial extraction.

PMID- 1075421
TI  - The hardest course in dentistry.

PMID- 1075422
TI  - Dentistry is intriguing.

PMID- 1075423
TI  - Doctor how valuable is your time.

PMID- 1075424
TI  - [A new experience in the school of dentistry].

PMID- 1075426
TI  - [The associate].

PMID- 1075425
TI  - [Methods used in the study of bone growth].

PMID- 1075427
TI  - [Formation of community dental assistants in Panama].

PMID- 1075428
TI  - [Blood pressure changes on hypertensive patients during tooth extraction
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075429
TI  - [The onset of dental caries in deciduous dentition (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075430
TI  - [The effect of dry milk for infants on deciduous teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075431
TI  - [Studies on some morphological, biological and biochemical characteristics of the
      new cultivated oral spirochetes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075433
TI  - [The influence for the resistance and condenser of the frog skin by the half sine
      wave (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075432
TI  - [Studies on the Streptococcus mutans isolated from the oral cavities of various
      animals (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075434
TI  - [Muscle fibre polarization measurement by the half sine wave (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075435
TI  - [Analysis of trace metals in human teeth. I. Manganese concentration in human
      teeth by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075436
TI  - [The surface treatment of composite resin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075437
TI  - [Calcifying odontgenic cyst: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075438
TI  - [Three-dimensional studies on the deciduous dentition. I. On the arch length,
      arch width and palatine arch of the upper deciduous dentition (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075439
TI  - [The new type articulators (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075440
TI  - [Microradiographical investigations of carious dentin of deciduous teeth
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075441
TI  - [The use of fibrin film in the maxillosurgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075442
TI  - [Morphological studies of mandibular overjet on variations of the Frankfort
      mandibular plane Angle (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075443
TI  - [Study of the cavity preparation. The position of long axis and fissure of upper
      bicuspid (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075444
TI  - [Three-dimensional studies on the deciduous dentition. 2. On the morphology of
      the palate of the upper deciduous dentition (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075445
TI  - [Postero-anterior cephalometric study of mandibular protrusions especially on
      their facial asymmetries (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075446
TI  - [The effects of the treatments of deciduous pulp on the apical periodontal
      tissues and the permanent tooth germ (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075447
TI  - [The mesio-distal width of the deciduous teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075448
TI  - [Vascular reactions of the palatal mucosa in humans to various stimuli observed
      by impedance plethysmography and reflexion photoelectric plethysmography
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075449
TI  - [An electromyographic study of the jaw opening reflex with experimental occlusal
      interference (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075450
TI  - [The two-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis on the changes of alveolar bone
      by splinting (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075451
TI  - [The two-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis on alveolar bone in applying
      three unit bridge (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075452
TI  - [The two-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis on the changes of alveolar bone
      in applying free end bridge (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075453
TI  - 1976: challenge and change ahead.

PMID- 1075454
TI  - The battle lines are drawn.

PMID- 1075456
TI  - The attitudes of dentists. Survey 1. Spring 1975.

PMID- 1075455
TI  - Hey brother, can ya spare a dime?

PMID- 1075457
TI  - Public hearings on National Health Insurance and dentistry's part in them.

PMID- 1075458
TI  - Criteria approval in Ohio.

PMID- 1075459
TI  - PSRO: around the nation.

PMID- 1075460
TI  - Continuing education--what now?

PMID- 1075461
TI  - Toward the development of a health manpower policy in Ohio.

PMID- 1075462
TI  - National health insurance.

PMID- 1075463
TI  - An introduction to management corporations.

PMID- 1075464
TI  - Admission to dental school at the University of Toronto.

PMID- 1075465
TI  - Radiographic appearances of dysplastic diseases.

PMID- 1075466
TI  - Aspirin--menace and miracle.

PMID- 1075468
TI  - The rubber dam as a routine operative procedure.

PMID- 1075467
TI  - Prepaid dental plans.

PMID- 1075469
TI  - Your teeth for a lifetime.

PMID- 1075470
TI  - Annuities.

PMID- 1075471
TI  - Anti-inflation program only part of the solution.

PMID- 1075472
TI  - Radiology of neoplasms of the oral cavity. 1. Benign neoplasms.

PMID- 1075473
TI  - Radiology of neoplasms of the oral cavity: 2. malignant neoplasms.

PMID- 1075474
TI  - A cure for systemic disease.

PMID- 1075476
TI  - The first step to endodontic success: the access cavity.

PMID- 1075475
TI  - Radiology of neoplasms of the oral cavity. 1. Benign neoplasms.

PMID- 1075477
TI  - Alexandra Park Community Health Centre Dental Clinic.

PMID- 1075478
TI  - Radiologic changes of inflammation.

PMID- 1075479
TI  - Geographic distribution, University of Toronto dentistry applicants and
      graduates.

PMID- 1075480
TI  - Noise pollution.

PMID- 1075481
TI  - So you have taken a radiograph--now what?

PMID- 1075482
TI  - Facility companies have tax advantages for dentists.

PMID- 1075483
TI  - Pulp protection in restorative procedures.

PMID- 1075484
TI  - Mistaken diagnosis--court action.

PMID- 1075485
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease.

PMID- 1075486
TI  - Inter-related considerations in periodontics and fixed bridgework.

PMID- 1075487
TI  - The impacted third molar: to extract or not to extract? 1.

PMID- 1075488
TI  - CDA--we need you real strong.

PMID- 1075490
TI  - Tetracylines and periodontal therapy.

PMID- 1075489
TI  - How do you recognize and treat cases of temporomandibular joint disturbance?

PMID- 1075491
TI  - Principles of electrosurgery in perio-prosthetics.

PMID- 1075492
TI  - Endosteal blade implants--a post mortem evaluation.

PMID- 1075493
TI  - To use or not to use: controversies surrounding electrosurgery and implant
      dentistry.

PMID- 1075494
TI  - How do you recognize and treat cases of temporomandibular joint disturbance? 2.

PMID- 1075496
TI  - Some tax considerations to implement for 1976.

PMID- 1075495
TI  - Short-cuts in endodontic practice: are they worth the risks?

PMID- 1075497
TI  - The impacted third molar: to extract or not to extract? 2.

PMID- 1075498
TI  - The other fifty per cent.

PMID- 1075499
TI  - The impacted third molar: to extract or not to extract? 3.

PMID- 1075501
TI  - Use of the management company in tax planning.

PMID- 1075500
TI  - What's your diagnosis, doctor?

PMID- 1075502
TI  - Management of anaphylactic reactions.

PMID- 1075503
TI  - Early detection of oral cancer--a serious responsibility.

PMID- 1075505
TI  - Dental office designed for team approach.

PMID- 1075504
TI  - Osteosclerotic lesions of the jaws.

PMID- 1075506
TI  - Is your appointment schedule in tune with your "body clock"?

PMID- 1075507
TI  - The preventive appointment.

PMID- 1075508
TI  - Programme planning.

PMID- 1075509
TI  - The school dental nurse...a changing role?

PMID- 1075510
TI  - Diagnosis for today.

PMID- 1075511
TI  - The numbering of teeth.

PMID- 1075512
TI  - State dental health program.

PMID- 1075513
TI  - ConCEP--coordinates continuing education.

PMID- 1075514
TI  - Help.

PMID- 1075515
TI  - [A comparison of roentgen contrasts of various dental plastic filling materials].

PMID- 1075516
TI  - [Retention status of crown/bridge constructions].
AB  - An apparatus consisting of an acid resistant steel cone and a cap of the same
      maternal, was used for retention and rotation experiments after cementation of
      the cap on the cone. The upper diameter of the cone was 6 mm, the lower diameter
      7 mm and the height 6 mm. The force of retention, the force necessary for
      removing the cap from the cone in the direction of removal, was 89,7 +/- 8,3 kp.
      Forces of rotation, 30 kp applied 100 times continuously, did not reduce the
      force of retention. Increasing the forces of rotation to 50 kp damage was cuased
      on the cement, resulting in removal of the cap from the cone after some
      applications. The possible clinical value of the investigation was discussed.

PMID- 1075517
TI  - [Use of a fluoride varnish in caries prevention].

PMID- 1075518
TI  - [Use of diazepam in early pregnancy].

PMID- 1075519
TI  - National Survey shows dissatisfaction with NHS.

PMID- 1075520
TI  - The slavery of dentistry.

PMID- 1075521
TI  - Dental advances for haemophiliacs.

PMID- 1075522
TI  - Occlusion: review of various concepts.

PMID- 1075523
TI  - Citrus floride programme in Israel.

PMID- 1075524
TI  - Cancer and British dentistry.

PMID- 1075525
TI  - Private fees guide report.

PMID- 1075526
TI  - The new employment laws explained. A practical guide.

PMID- 1075527
TI  - The first toothbrush.

PMID- 1075528
TI  - Hypersensitive dentine and cementum--treatment with hydrocortisone.

PMID- 1075529
TI  - Expert witness.

PMID- 1075530
TI  - British dentistry and hepatitis.

PMID- 1075531
TI  - Experimental treatment for persistent mouth ulcers.

PMID- 1075532
TI  - Dismissal of employees.

PMID- 1075533
TI  - Private fees guide report.

PMID- 1075534
TI  - Teeth for life: a dream or a possibility?

PMID- 1075535
TI  - Keeping premises safe.

PMID- 1075536
TI  - Fluoridation: Aspects of toxicity.

PMID- 1075538
TI  - It's a question of average.

PMID- 1075537
TI  - Getting the message across.

PMID- 1075539
TI  - Dentists with a yellow streak.

PMID- 1075540
TI  - Toothpaste and its importance.

PMID- 1075541
TI  - Women dentists seek better deal.

PMID- 1075542
TI  - Health Centre tribulations.

PMID- 1075543
TI  - Fighting tooth decay in children.

PMID- 1075545
TI  - The relationship between speech disorders and oro-facial abnormalities.

PMID- 1075544
TI  - The end of a lease.

PMID- 1075546
TI  - The Eastbourne fluoride scheme.

PMID- 1075547
TI  - The reorganised health service. An area dental officer's view.

PMID- 1075548
TI  - [Use of so-called interdental stimulators and other aids for oral home care].

PMID- 1075549
TI  - [Human working conditions and working systems. A concept of working and equipment
      according to measure].

PMID- 1075550
TI  - [Fixation of jaw fractures with Nuva-Fil plastic splints].

PMID- 1075551
TI  - [Treatment of temporo-mandibular joint fractures with an activator (V)].

PMID- 1075552
TI  - [Prevention in daily practice].

PMID- 1075553
TI  - [Ergonomics: standpoint or viewpoint? Occupational science and its use in dental
      work systems].

PMID- 1075554
TI  - [Report of experiences with an aromatic retinoid--Ro 1o-9359--in oral
      precancerous conditions].

PMID- 1075556
TI  - [Simple laboratory procedures in dental practice (I)].

PMID- 1075555
TI  - [Grinding in orthodontics (I)].

PMID- 1075557
TI  - [Teeth and foreign bodies in the maxillary sinus].

PMID- 1075558
TI  - [Facial injuries by Ursus malayanus. Report of 2 cases from northern Thailand].

PMID- 1075559
TI  - [Pin retention --- a review].

PMID- 1075560
TI  - [Unusual healing of a lateral root granuloma].

PMID- 1075561
TI  - [Introduction to the preparation of Crozat appliances (I)].

PMID- 1075562
TI  - [A new occlusal indicator--results after 15 years of development].

PMID- 1075563
TI  - [Rational photo equipment in dental practice].

PMID- 1075564
TI  - [Precious and nonprecious alloys for porcelain].

PMID- 1075565
TI  - [Family health].

PMID- 1075566
TI  - [Differences in the intensity of histochemical reactions occurring in gingival
      mucosal epithelium caused by subgingival metallic crowns].

PMID- 1075567
TI  - [Classification of dental abrasion].

PMID- 1075568
TI  - [Volume changes of silicone samples].

PMID- 1075569
TI  - [Functional shaping of the occlusal surfaces of fixed dentures].

PMID- 1075570
TI  - [Postgraduate training of specialists in dental prosthetics].

PMID- 1075571
TI  - [Indications for fixed and removable partial dentures].

PMID- 1075572
TI  - [Electromyographic investigations of masticatory muscles in patients with
      functional temporomandibular myoarthropathies before and after treatment].

PMID- 1075573
TI  - [Asymmetry in the inclination of the articular tuberculum in the left and right
      temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 1075574
TI  - [Prosthesis after surgery for prognathism: case report].

PMID- 1075575
TI  - [Non-metallic inclusions as a cause of discoloration or corrosion of silver
      palladium alloys].

PMID- 1075576
TI  - [Polymerization of removable acrylic prostheses by the pressure-jet method].

PMID- 1075577
TI  - [Closed-circuit television in dental education].

PMID- 1075578
TI  - [Electrical activity of masseter and temporal muscles in patients with functional
      temporomandibular myoarthropathy].

PMID- 1075579
TI  - [Porcelain veneers for cosmetic crowns].

PMID- 1075580
TI  - [Permanent marking of dental prostheses before polymerization of acrylic mass].

PMID- 1075581
TI  - [Modern aspects of orthopedic treatment of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1075582
TI  - [Composite resins].

PMID- 1075583
TI  - [A new method for storage of alginate impressions].

PMID- 1075584
TI  - [Teaching aids in orthodontics].

PMID- 1075585
TI  - [Histochemical and histoenzymatic analysis of normal and inflamed gingivae].

PMID- 1075586
TI  - [Modern aspects of orthopedic treatment of periodontal diseases. II].

PMID- 1075587
TI  - [Photogrammetry of the occlusal surfaces during interdental contact].

PMID- 1075588
TI  - [Denture stomatitis].

PMID- 1075589
TI  - [Dental education in the Bulgarian Peoples' Republic].

PMID- 1075590
TI  - [Prevention of caries and juvenile periodontopathies in pedodontics].

PMID- 1075591
TI  - [Mandibular neoplasms--hemiresection and immediate resection].

PMID- 1075592
TI  - [Herpetic gingival stomatitis. Its treatment].

PMID- 1075594
TI  - [Occlusion for the totally edentulous].

PMID- 1075593
TI  - [Around to professional improvement].

PMID- 1075595
TI  - [Pulpal reactions to the zinc-phosphate cement. Histological study in dogs].

PMID- 1075596
TI  - [Comparative study of marginal infiltration of radioisotope in spherical and
      conventional amalgam fillings].

PMID- 1075597
TI  - [Effects on the marginal sealing of chilled gutta-percha or silver points of root
      canal fillings].

PMID- 1075598
TI  - [Reimplantation of rats' maxillary incisors after filling the pulp cavity.
      Histological study].

PMID- 1075599
TI  - [Effect of transplacentally acquired tetracycline on tooth germ development].

PMID- 1075600
TI  - [Influence of tetracycline on development of intraocular grafts of tooth germs].

PMID- 1075601
TI  - [Effects of saline solutions in cardiovascular parameters].

PMID- 1075602
TI  - [Simplification of electrode implantation technics in brain with odontologic
      technic application].

PMID- 1075603
TI  - [Tissue reaction to calcium hydroxide or formocresol after pulpotomy in sound or
      inflamed deciduous pulps of dogs].

PMID- 1075604
TI  - [Plaster of Paris implantation into dental sockets. Histological study in rats].

PMID- 1075605
TI  - [Tissue reaction to the implantation of various types of Gutta-percha points.
      Histological study in rats].

PMID- 1075606
TI  - [Silicone implantation into subcutaneous connective tissue. Histological study in
      rats].

PMID- 1075607
TI  - [Behavior of dental socket in presence of apernyl. Histological study in rats].

PMID- 1075608
TI  - [Fractures of the mandible: evaluation and treatment].

PMID- 1075609
TI  - [Infected teeth. Conservative treatment].

PMID- 1075610
TI  - [Position of teeth, analysed in young adults of 2 sexes by vestibular aspect
      discriminant function].

PMID- 1075611
TI  - [Bottom of the cavity. Part 1].

PMID- 1075612
TI  - [Bottom of the cavity. Part 2].

PMID- 1075613
TI  - [Radiotomographic study of the sphenoid sinus].

PMID- 1075614
TI  - [Endocrine glands, growth, teeth and jaw].

PMID- 1075615
TI  - [Therapeutic indications for premolar extraction].

PMID- 1075616
TI  - [Sealing of ceramic inlays].

PMID- 1075617
TI  - [Sexual differences in the sagital soft parts of the head, in young patients
      examined in vivo. Vestibular aspects using tomographic methods].

PMID- 1075618
TI  - [Electrophysiologic approach to the central control of lingual motility in awake
      animals].

PMID- 1075619
TI  - [Neuromuscular training in dentofacial orthopedics].

PMID- 1075620
TI  - [Various cases treated by neuromuscular training].

PMID- 1075621
TI  - [Neural crest and morphogenetic capacity of the stomodeum in Pleurodeles waltlii
      (Amphibia Urodele)].

PMID- 1075622
TI  - [Maxillo-mandibular dysharmony: new perspectives in radiographic semeiology].

PMID- 1075623
TI  - [Preliminary study on the linear splanchnocranial parameters of growth from age 6
      to 14 in boys and girls].

PMID- 1075624
TI  - [Axial inclination of deciduous molars and permanent first molar tooth germs].

PMID- 1075625
TI  - [Considerations on endodontic treatment using the ocalexic method].

PMID- 1075626
TI  - [Therapy of infected deciduous teeth in relation to their structure and
      development].

PMID- 1075627
TI  - [1975 Return to the university Faculty of Dental Surgery in Lille].

PMID- 1075628
TI  - [A study on form and position of dental sac of deciduous tooth with frontal
      serial section of human fetus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075629
TI  - [Eight cases of myxofibroma appearing in the oral region (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075630
TI  - [Root canal procedure on primary teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075631
TI  - [Experimental studies on the simulating faculty of cuspal path in lateral
      excursion of jaw on HANAU model H2 articulator (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075632
TI  - [Experimental studies on the representative faculty of closely occluding area in
      lateral excursion of jaw on HANAU model H2 articulator (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075633
TI  - [The relationship between bucco-lingual shape of the tooth crown and its gingival
      shape. 1. The correlation of the morphological changes to the sectional direction
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075634
TI  - [X-ray TV cinematographical observation of positional changes in the hyoid bone
      and the base of the epiglottis in swallowing, maximum opening and closing of the
      mouth, and tongue movements (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075635
TI  - [The longitudinal study of changes in the contour and its growth and development
      of the alveolar ridge following the extraction of the lower first primary molar
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075636
TI  - [Studies on arsenic metabolism (report 19). The toxicity and detoxication of
      arsenic trioxide paste on rat mucous membrane (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075637
TI  - [The relationship between bucco-lingual shape of the tooth crown and its gingival
      shape. 2. Compared with the maxilla and mandible, the kinds of teeth, mesio
      distal and bucco-lingual side (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075638
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic observation of the alveolar ridge of the
      edentulous mandible (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075639
TI  - [Morphological studies of the face in unilateral cleft lip using contour lines
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075640
TI  - [Clinico-pathological study of the effects on camphorated phenol on the exposed
      human vital pulp tissues. Comparison of phenol and camphor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075641
TI  - [Studies on the changes of position, form and size of the crypt of the mandible
      occurring as permanent teeth erupt. 2. Form and size of the crypt (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075642
TI  - [Examination of the cause of periodontal disease using color photography in the
      oral cavity (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075643
TI  - [Clinical study on pulp therapy of primary teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075644
TI  - [A clinical test on neo-polishing cream (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075645
TI  - [Light and electron microscopic studies of the dentin bridge formation following
      vital pulpotomy in dog's teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075646
TI  - [Studies on mandibular movement in the patients with mandibulectomy (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075647
TI  - [A colorimetrical study on application conditions of PALAKAV (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075648
TI  - [Anthropological studies on Indian teeth. 3. Dryopithecus pattern of the lower
      molars (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075649
TI  - [Morphological studies on the enamel drops. (2) Scanning electron microscopic
      observations of the dentin surfaces of the enamel drops (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075650
TI  - [Morphological studies on the enamel drops. (3) Scanning electron microscopic
      studies of the enamel drops (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075651
TI  - [Root canals of the mandibular first primary molar (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075652
TI  - [Study on facial swelling following operation in maxillary sinus by horizontal
      sectional graphy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075654
TI  - [Behaviour study on masticatory muscles by electromyography--Muscular fatigue and
      chewing rhythm of masticatory muscles (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075653
TI  - [Blood group substance in cultured adult human pulp cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075655
TI  - [Basic research to determine blood types by phytoprecipitins (authors' transl)].

PMID- 1075656
TI  - [Experimental, clinical and roentgenological observations in improved root canal
      filling procedure with pastes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075657
TI  - [Observation of the structure of oral cavity with frontal serial section of human
      fetus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075658
TI  - [A study on mandibular equilibration (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075659
TI  - [Anatomical studies on the Japanese deciduous dental arch of four-year-old
      children and five-year-old children. 2. Difference of the size of the dental arch
      by the various interdental-space positional patterns (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075660
TI  - [Effect of vanadium on the incidence of experimental dental caries in rats
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075661
TI  - [The prenatal changes of the dentofacial complex of Japanese fetus by roentgen
      cephalogram (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075662
TI  - [Growth and development of the dental arch, alveolar ridge, and palate and mutual
      relationships among the three, with special emphasis on the lateral segment
      during the period of deciduous dentition (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075663
TI  - [Clinico-pathological study of the effects of jodoglycol paste on the exposed
      vital pulp tissue of the human permanent teeth (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075664
TI  - [The clinical significance and the location of hinge axis].

PMID- 1075665
TI  - [Studies on the changes of the position of the crypt of the maxilla occurring as
      permanent teeth erupt (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075666
TI  - [A clinico-anatomical study for determining root canal length by use of a novelty
      low frequency oscillation device (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075667
TI  - [A study of audiometric device for determining root canal length (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075668
TI  - [Experimental study on the hydroxyapatite adsorption of bacteria from early-stage
      plaque (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075669
TI  - [Studies on the movement and the growth of the permanent tooth germs in the
      maxilla of the children with the eruption of the permanent teeth (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1075670
TI  - [Morphological studies on the palate by Moire patterns. 1. On the relations of
      the form of dental arch and various parts of palate (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075671
TI  - [Dental hygienists and dental assistants with education in oral hygiene--now and
      in the future].

PMID- 1075672
TI  - [Do we need army dentist--suggestions caused by a report].

PMID- 1075673
TI  - [Oral Surgery in Sweden. Report from the central dental polyclinics].

PMID- 1075675
TI  - [Common sense in interpreting sections].

PMID- 1075674
TI  - [Report from a countryside clinic].

PMID- 1075676
TI  - [Evaluation of fluoride rinsings].

PMID- 1075677
TI  - [Shorter but better quality basic education for medical draftees].

PMID- 1075679
TI  - [New basic education: Graduation--practice--certificate].

PMID- 1075678
TI  - [Dental education and the position of dentists in South Africa].

PMID- 1075680
TI  - [Oral health and dietary habits in a group of pregnants. Dental records].

PMID- 1075681
TI  - [Evaluation of food consumption].

PMID- 1075682
TI  - [The dentist within the educational frame. Reflexions on a proposal].

PMID- 1075683
TI  - [Continuing education within the dentistry of tomorrow].

PMID- 1075685
TI  - [What went wrong with my dental education? Continuing education].

PMID- 1075684
TI  - [Continuing education of the association. Comments to the report from the
      committee for continuing education].

PMID- 1075686
TI  - [Development of the public dental health team in the future].

PMID- 1075687
TI  - [Team developments in dentistry].

PMID- 1075688
TI  - [Voluntary or mandatory continuing education?].

PMID- 1075689
TI  - [Mandatory practice service--some student views].

PMID- 1075690
TI  - [Radiation risks of dental radiography].

PMID- 1075691
TI  - [Programmed continuing education in periodontics].

PMID- 1075692
TI  - [Model for education in social dentistry].

PMID- 1075693
TI  - [Dentistry in the society of the future].

PMID- 1075694
TI  - [Programmed course administration].

PMID- 1075696
TI  - [Radiography in dental practice. Indications and technics].

PMID- 1075695
TI  - [Rapid developers. Experiences--performance--durability].

PMID- 1075697
TI  - [How to treat patients with temporomandibular troubles?].

PMID- 1075698
TI  - [Rules for radiation protection in dental radiography].

PMID- 1075699
TI  - [State medicine or private?].

PMID- 1075700
TI  - [Xylitol and dental caries].

PMID- 1075701
TI  - [Edge cutting by enamel binding?].

PMID- 1075702
TI  - [Oral surgery procedures--a task for the general practitioner or the
      specialist?].

PMID- 1075703
TI  - [Steel or composites for fractures?].

PMID- 1075704
TI  - [Oral health of 18 year old man. A study at the draft board South].

PMID- 1075705
TI  - [Hygiene of removable dentures].

PMID- 1075706
TI  - [Endodontics in practice].

PMID- 1075707
TI  - [N2--at variance with science and experience?].

PMID- 1075708
TI  - [Dental insurance: review of treatment in 1973 and 1974].

PMID- 1075709
TI  - [Value for one's money? Focusing the finances of the FDI].

PMID- 1075710
TI  - [Standardization--a way to better materials and equipment].

PMID- 1075711
TI  - [NIOM: Nordic Institute for Dental Material Testing].

PMID- 1075712
TI  - [Speciality in cariology--a necessary evil].

PMID- 1075713
TI  - [Internordic health university].

PMID- 1075714
TI  - [Discontinuing ceiling prices for social insurance expenditures. Consequences for
      the private pracitioner].

PMID- 1075715
TI  - [Role of the general practitioner in orthodontic care. Survey among orthondontic
      chief officers concerning the adjustment of the basic education to the current
      care sitation].

PMID- 1075716
TI  - [Mounts for dental radiographs. Necessary part for optimum diagnosis and
      therapy].

PMID- 1075717
TI  - [Topical fluoride therapy. Some clinical methods].

PMID- 1075718
TI  - [Routine treatment of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1075719
TI  - [Need of orthodontic treatment and orthodontic specialists in Sweden].

PMID- 1075720
TI  - [Edge cutting by enamel binding].

PMID- 1075721
TI  - [Dental insurance: preliminary tests 1975].

PMID- 1075722
TI  - [Extraoral forces and their implications].

PMID- 1075724
TI  - Setting up an office. A guide for the neophyte dentist.

PMID- 1075723
TI  - [Electrical activity of the masseter muscle under nitrous oxide and oxygen
      analgesia].

PMID- 1075725
TI  - Recurrent dental floss laceration. Report of case.

PMID- 1075726
TI  - Dentistry as a Zen art. There are more things in heaven and earth Horatio...

PMID- 1075727
TI  - Site visit revisited. What Temple needs is more money.

PMID- 1075728
TI  - Aversion: a method for modifying child behavior.

PMID- 1075729
TI  - The woman. Key influence in a world of prevention.

PMID- 1075730
TI  - Community dentistry in the dental curriculum.

PMID- 1075731
TI  - HMO or PSRO, so we want in or out?

PMID- 1075732
TI  - Laboratory and clinical considerations when using nonprecious ceramic metal
      alloys.

PMID- 1075733
TI  - Dentists liable for use tax.

PMID- 1075734
TI  - Comparative accuracy of impression materials used for indirect technics.

PMID- 1075736
TI  - You're fired! New ground rules for dismissing an employee.

PMID- 1075735
TI  - Body language in the dental office. How to read a patient's nonverbal clues.

PMID- 1075737
TI  - Double duty doorbells.

PMID- 1075738
TI  - Dentistry's "rare birds".

PMID- 1075740
TI  - Dental detective.

PMID- 1075739
TI  - Mrs. Jones is afraid of you: dental fear clinic.

PMID- 1075741
TI  - Putting the bite on the dentist.

PMID- 1075742
TI  - Clarity is malpractice preventive medicine.

PMID- 1075743
TI  - In Britain, here's what dentists do on holiday.

PMID- 1075744
TI  - How to "divorce" an associate.

PMID- 1075745
TI  - Esthetics is a personal thing.

PMID- 1075746
TI  - [Biological tolerance of human diploid cells toward indomethacin, dexamethasone,
      oleandomycin].

PMID- 1075747
TI  - [Radioisotope investigation of the cariostatic effect of Hisar mineral water].

PMID- 1075748
TI  - [Case of odontogenic keratocyst].

PMID- 1075749
TI  - [A case of gout with manifestations in the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 1075750
TI  - [Clinical development and treatment of papillary cyst adenolymphoma of parotid
      salivary gland].

PMID- 1075751
TI  - [Apparatus for auxiliary maxillary splint in the treatment of certain mandibular
      fractures in children].

PMID- 1075752
TI  - [Problems in rearing children with lip and palate clefts].

PMID- 1075753
TI  - [Clinical and technological results with the Soviet elastic plastic "Eladent
      100"].

PMID- 1075754
TI  - [Effect of deep bite on the periodontium].

PMID- 1075755
TI  - [Model of a new territorial structure for dentistry in the District of Vratza,
      Bulgaria].

PMID- 1075756
TI  - [Electron microscopic investigations of dentin canaliculi in temporary teeth].

PMID- 1075757
TI  - [Ultrastructural characteristics of tooth surface treated with sodium
      monofluorphosphate in vitro].

PMID- 1075758
TI  - [Autoradiographic study on the oral epithelium regeneration in albino rats in
      relation to age and viral effect in tissue culture].

PMID- 1075759
TI  - [Microbiological studies of pulpitis].

PMID- 1075760
TI  - [Evaluation of results obtained from hard dental tissues under anesthesia].

PMID- 1075761
TI  - [Dyskeratosis of the oral mucosa among workers in an environment with
      occupational noxae].

PMID- 1075762
TI  - [Cephalometric characteristics of patients undergoing operation for odontogenic
      perforative sinuitis].

PMID- 1075763
TI  - [The effect of microwave energy on tooth exfoliation and eruption of permanent
      teeth in dogs].

PMID- 1075764
TI  - [Interrelationship between the size of lips, dental arches, apical base and the
      face].

PMID- 1075765
TI  - [Combined surgical and orthodontic treatment of fibromatosis gingivae].

PMID- 1075766
TI  - [Method for suspension fixation of the jaws in mandibular fractures, using a
      supporting nasal rod and a circular ligature. II. Clinical results in 65 cases].

PMID- 1075767
TI  - [Frey's syndrome (case report)].

PMID- 1075768
TI  - [Clinico-laboratory studies on the preparation Eladent].

PMID- 1075769
TI  - [Manifestations of acceleration in development of permanent teeth].

PMID- 1075770
TI  - [Is a new classification of periodontal diseases necessary?].

PMID- 1075771
TI  - [Classification of periodontopathies].

PMID- 1075772
TI  - [Facial fractures in childhood].

PMID- 1075773
TI  - [Styloid apophysis syndrome or styloid syndrome].

PMID- 1075774
TI  - [Exfoliative cheilitis - fissure cheilitis - abrasive cheilitis].

PMID- 1075775
TI  - [Respiratory affections of maxillofacial origin].

PMID- 1075776
TI  - [A rehabilitation case. Operative dentistry, implants, prosthesis].

PMID- 1075777
TI  - [Free end partial denture].

PMID- 1075778
TI  - [Harmful clinical influence on the hinge axis].

PMID- 1075780
TI  - [Living and working conditions of the Argentine dentist].

PMID- 1075779
TI  - [Epulis].

PMID- 1075781
TI  - Intermaxillary fixation of mandibular osteotomy utilizing cast framework.

PMID- 1075782
TI  - Ad catches his eye. Huntington dentist to work in Africa.

PMID- 1075783
TI  - A review of orthodontic sequelae to early first permanent molar extraction. Some
      promise--many pitfalls.

PMID- 1075784
TI  - The status of high blood pressure education among Virginia dentists and dental
      auxillaries.

PMID- 1075785
TI  - Dental extern program: four year review.

PMID- 1075786
TI  - Preventive dentistry--new concepts. Endodontics and preventive dentistry.

PMID- 1075787
TI  - An overview of diagnosis and patient management in endodontic therapy.

PMID- 1075788
TI  - Pediatric periodontics.

PMID- 1075789
TI  - Antibiotic use in endodontic therapy.

PMID- 1075790
TI  - The attitudes of dentists. Survey I. Spring, 1975.

PMID- 1075791
TI  - Report of a competency based education model in continuing education.

PMID- 1075792
TI  - A self-evaluation examination in gross anatomy for the practicing dentist.

PMID- 1075793
TI  - Genial tubercle fracture: a case.

PMID- 1075794
TI  - Water contamination and the ultrasonic scaler.

PMID- 1075795
TI  - Radiographic analysis of periodontal bone loss in hypertensive and normotensive
      patients.

PMID- 1075796
TI  - There must be a pony somewhere: reorganization of the health care occupational
      field.

PMID- 1075797
TI  - Treatment of teeth with incomplete root development.

PMID- 1075798
TI  - The Eagle syndrome. Hemicrania secondary to elongated styloid process.

PMID- 1075799
TI  - Multiple keratocysts of the jaws as a manifestation of the nevoid basal cell
      carcinoma syndrome: report of a case and its surgical management.

PMID- 1075800
TI  - The Navy Dental Corps: quality dental care in peacetime.

PMID- 1075802
TI  - Dental spaces aboard the USS Nimitz.

PMID- 1075801
TI  - New hygienic measures for reduction of mercury vapor in dental operatories.

PMID- 1075803
TI  - Horizontal osteotomy to correct maxillary retrusion: report of two patients.

PMID- 1075804
TI  - Comprehensive dentistry program.

PMID- 1075805
TI  - A tumor registry study of cancer of the oral cavity and associated structures.

PMID- 1075806
TI  - Sublingual demoid cyst: report of a case.

PMID- 1075807
TI  - Conservative removal of root fragments from the maxillary sinus.

PMID- 1075808
TI  - [Jaw fractures].

PMID- 1075809
TI  - [Preparation of patients with dysgnathias for surgery].

PMID- 1075810
TI  - [The importance of the lead border for the diagnosis of lead poisoning].

PMID- 1075811
TI  - [Amalgams in dentistry].

PMID- 1075812
TI  - [Etiology of traumatic occlusion].

PMID- 1075813
TI  - [Sjogren's syndrome].

PMID- 1075814
TI  - [Postgraduate education and qualifications of prostheodontists in Slovenia].

PMID- 1075815
TI  - [New physical method for the determination of fluorine in tooth enamel].

PMID- 1075816
TI  - [Distribution of fluorine in dental enamel measured by means of the proton
      activation analysis].

PMID- 1075817
TI  - Preparation of a faculty instructor.

PMID- 1075818
TI  - Registration and evaluation of the interocclusal space.

PMID- 1075819
TI  - [Histological study of dento-maxillary lesions in the cat irradiated with
      telecobalt and by implantation of radiactive threads].

PMID- 1075820
TI  - [Adaptation of composite materials to the edges and walls of dental cavities].

PMID- 1075821
TI  - [Pathology of the salivary glands. Microscopic and ultrastructural aspects of
      nonspecific chronic sialadenitis].

PMID- 1075822
TI  - Metric comparisons between the maxillae of man and apes.

PMID- 1075823
TI  - [Optical morphological variations in ameloblasts of rats during nutritional and
      toxic experimental conditions].

PMID- 1075824
TI  - [Work contracts].

PMID- 1075825
TI  - [Practitioner-consultant relations/practitioner-patient relations. What types of
      relations?].

PMID- 1075826
TI  - [Joint practice agreement between 2 practitioners].

PMID- 1075827
TI  - [For identification using the teeth].

PMID- 1075828
TI  - [Action of ampicillin in diseases of the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 1075829
TI  - [The kickoff].

PMID- 1075830
TI  - [The convention and the creation of dispensaries].

PMID- 1075831
TI  - [To augment the professional capacity of our assistants?].

PMID- 1075832
TI  - [Defense and illustration of a departmental center for health professions?].

PMID- 1075833
TI  - [Cancer of the tongue: its detection by surgeon-dentists].

PMID- 1075834
TI  - [Use of an analgesic in current odontostomatologic practice (apropos of 33 cases
      in which 17 are children)].

PMID- 1075835
TI  - [Analysis].

PMID- 1075836
TI  - [Education on trial].

PMID- 1075837
TI  - [Joint practice agreement].

PMID- 1075838
TI  - [Ion pollution].

PMID- 1075839
TI  - [Deficit in Social Security: expenses due! But by whom?].

PMID- 1075840
TI  - [General anesthesia].

PMID- 1075841
TI  - [Dental identity card of Dr. Bonnafoux].

PMID- 1075842
TI  - [Determination and registration of terminal hinge axis relation. Study of an
      original procedure applying occlusal memory].

PMID- 1075843
TI  - [Dental archeology. Junker's Egyptian ligature. New precision].

PMID- 1075844
TI  - [Joint ownership].

PMID- 1075845
TI  - [Guided extractions (or serial extractions)].

PMID- 1075847
TI  - [Assistants].

PMID- 1075846
TI  - [Effect of methyl methacrylate vapors on gastric motor function].

PMID- 1075848
TI  - [Legal odontology. Medico-legal contracts. Dental care contracts and
      responsibilities of odontologists].

PMID- 1075849
TI  - [Reflections on the psychological approach to children in the dental office].

PMID- 1075850
TI  - [Auriculotherapy].

PMID- 1075851
TI  - [The technic of the all-oral procedure].

PMID- 1075852
TI  - [Planning and practical application of the growth technic].

PMID- 1075853
TI  - [Model preparation: correct handling of model materials (II)].

PMID- 1075854
TI  - [What to consider when buying a laboratory].

PMID- 1075855
TI  - [Training of dental technician in Norway].

PMID- 1075856
TI  - [Future prospects for the training of dental technicians in Great Britain (II)].

PMID- 1075857
TI  - [Esthetics of the front teeth].

PMID- 1075858
TI  - [Articulation balance as an important stabilizer for complete denture].

PMID- 1075859
TI  - [The principles of care of maxillofacial injuries].

PMID- 1075860
TI  - [External maxillofacial prostheses (III)].

PMID- 1075861
TI  - [How to choose new coworkers (I)].

PMID- 1075862
TI  - [Disinfection with alcoholic containing substances].

PMID- 1075863
TI  - [Esthetics in color and form].

PMID- 1075864
TI  - [Practice of teaching dental technicians (I)].

PMID- 1075865
TI  - [Gold price changes from 1966 to 1976].

PMID- 1075866
TI  - [The work group in theory--its structure and function].

PMID- 1075867
TI  - [Construction of an upper and lower jaw gypsum model with consideration of an
      occlusal plane].

PMID- 1075868
TI  - [Time planning and quality level].

PMID- 1075869
TI  - [Time- and work planning between the dentist and the laboratory].

PMID- 1075870
TI  - [Halitosis].

PMID- 1075871
TI  - [Strengthening working properties of materials].

PMID- 1075872
TI  - [The octolink-bridge and its use].

PMID- 1075873
TI  - [Molding and model preparation].

PMID- 1075874
TI  - [Model construction: proper handling of model materials (III)].

PMID- 1075876
TI  - [Economic problems of Swiss dental technicians].

PMID- 1075875
TI  - [Work system in practice and laboratory].

PMID- 1075877
TI  - [Technical methods for ascertaining gnathological occlusion concepts (II)].

PMID- 1075878
TI  - [Experimental studies on ceramic implantation].

PMID- 1075879
TI  - [The education of the work force in the dental laboratory].

PMID- 1075880
TI  - [Model construction: proper handling of model materials (IV)].

PMID- 1075881
TI  - [Experience with telescopic crowns (I)].

PMID- 1075882
TI  - [Functional bite with onlays, single crowns, and minor bridges (I)].

PMID- 1075883
TI  - [Appliances for the treatment of oral dysfunction].

PMID- 1075884
TI  - [Occlusal types based on the classification of Prof. H. Lundeen and P.K. Thomas].

PMID- 1075885
TI  - [Professional standards for dental technicians].

PMID- 1075886
TI  - [The gnathomat and its use].

PMID- 1075887
TI  - [Progress in telescopic crowns (II)].

PMID- 1075888
TI  - [Functional bite with onlays, single crowns, and small bridges (II)].

PMID- 1075889
TI  - [Controlled cooling of double cuvettes].

PMID- 1075890
TI  - [The Vita -Pt- technic].

PMID- 1075891
TI  - [External maxillofacial prosthesis (I)].

PMID- 1075892
TI  - [The NEO-coupling].

PMID- 1075893
TI  - [External maxillofacial prostheses (II)].

PMID- 1075894
TI  - [Wax expansion, yes or no?].

PMID- 1075895
TI  - [New legal measure units].

PMID- 1075896
TI  - [The LS-duobloc screw].

PMID- 1075897
TI  - [13 nationalities in 1 laboratory].

PMID- 1075898
TI  - Status report-public dentistry in Louisiana.

PMID- 1075899
TI  - Cautions on capitation practice.

PMID- 1075901
TI  - Louisiana Dental Association. Peer review procedure manual (as amended, April,
      1975).

PMID- 1075900
TI  - Louisiana Dental Association. Standards for dental prepayment programs.

PMID- 1075902
TI  - "Preprosthetic alveolar ridge extension".

PMID- 1075903
TI  - Case report: removal of foreign body in root canal.

PMID- 1075904
TI  - The preventive dentistry clinic at Louisiana State University School of
      Dentistry.

PMID- 1075905
TI  - Some principles of communication at the dental chairside.

PMID- 1075906
TI  - Normal and abnormal pigmentations of oral tissues.

PMID- 1075907
TI  - [Criteria and prerequisites establishing the recent concepts about occlusion
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075908
TI  - [Sialolithiasis (report of 35 cases) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075909
TI  - [Sagittal osteotomy of the ramus (Obwegeser method) in the management of the
      mandibular prognathism (author's transl)].

PMID- 1075911
TI  - Subperiosteal implants: (mandibular, maxillary, universal, unilateral).

PMID- 1075910
TI  - Why do we do implants and other considerations?

PMID- 1075912
TI  - Miscellaneous category policy statements.

PMID- 1075913
TI  - Endosseous (endosteal).

PMID- 1075914
TI  - Endodontic endosteal stabilizers.

PMID- 1075915
TI  - [An ultrastructural study of the deep tissues found at the interface with
      subperiosteal oral implants].

PMID- 1075916
TI  - Case report: a blade implant of seven years duration.

PMID- 1075917
TI  - Survival of the profession and fiscal responsibility.

PMID- 1075918
TI  - Apply biological principles to dental practice.

PMID- 1075919
TI  - Surface problems with composite resin restorations.

PMID- 1075920
TI  - The process of evaluating therapy: N2.

PMID- 1075921
TI  - Contact your government representative.

PMID- 1075922
TI  - Women in dentistry.

PMID- 1075923
TI  - Infection of abnormal heart valves and total joint prosthesis following dental
      procedures.

PMID- 1075924
TI  - Viral hepatitis--an occupational risk of dentists.

PMID- 1075925
TI  - Techniques of oral surgery (III).

PMID- 1075926
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip.

PMID- 1075928
TI  - Care of teeth and the dentist, from the point of view of child patients (reports
      of a survey in a Giessen Common School).

PMID- 1075927
TI  - Coincidental diagnosis in the dental office.

PMID- 1075929
TI  - The possibilities of composites.

PMID- 1075930
TI  - A practical method for improving the function of complete dentures.

PMID- 1075931
TI  - Unusual cases from an orthodontic practice (V).

PMID- 1075932
TI  - [The "Zahnmedizinische Fachhelferin"--a German model of dental hygienists'
      education and uork].

PMID- 1075933
TI  - The think-gap and stress.

PMID- 1075934
TI  - Clinical manifestation and therapy of epulis and central giant cell tumor of the
      jaw (II).

PMID- 1075935
TI  - [Interview with Prof. Fernando del Rio de las Heras, new professor of dental
      prosthesis I].

PMID- 1075936
TI  - [Chronic desquamative gingivitis].

PMID- 1075937
TI  - [Fat degeneration as dental defensive mechanism].

PMID- 1075938
TI  - [Aspects of nasal injuries].

PMID- 1075939
TI  - [Composite odontomas].

PMID- 1075940
TI  - [Local anesthesia in dentistry].

PMID- 1075941
TI  - [Endoperiendodontics. Treatment].

PMID- 1075942
TI  - [Oral hygiene in the Union of Infant Intensive Care].

PMID- 1075943
TI  - [Distal and mesial occlusion in the light of neuro-occlusal rehabilitation].

PMID- 1075944
TI  - [Rhino-maxillofacial malformations and respiratory insufficiency of the upper
      airways].

PMID- 1075945
TI  - [Histopathologic degeneration of the tissues of the dental folicle of retained
      dental organs].

PMID- 1075947
TI  - [Supernumerary teeth].

PMID- 1075946
TI  - [Dental implants. A panoramic point of view].

PMID- 1075948
TI  - [Sutures and presence of microbial plaque].

PMID- 1075949
TI  - [Jankelson-Glickman technic in traumatic occlusion. Review of the literature].

PMID- 1075950
TI  - [Bruxism and tongue thrusting. Etiology and periodontal consequences].

PMID- 1075951
TI  - [Tooth reimplantation].

PMID- 1075952
TI  - [Osteomyelitis of the mandible].

PMID- 1075953
TI  - [Endodontic treatment for deciduous molars with gangrenous pulp].

PMID- 1075954
TI  - [Hygroscopic expansion of some casting investments].

PMID- 1075956
TI  - [Effect of centrifugation on the expansion of stone].

PMID- 1075955
TI  - [Fluoridation in Cachoeiro in Itapemirim: results after 6 years].

PMID- 1075957
TI  - [Median palatal cyst].

PMID- 1075958
TI  - [Inquiry into institutional resources in the health sector, area of dentistry in
      the city of Salvador].

PMID- 1075959
TI  - [Periodontal surgery].

PMID- 1075960
TI  - [Importance of planning in oral health education in Guatemala].

PMID- 1075961
TI  - [Inflammation and anti-inflammatory enzymes].

PMID- 1075962
TI  - [Human resources and dental public health services in Senegal].

PMID- 1075963
TI  - [The periodontal debut of noma].

PMID- 1075964
TI  - [Teaching dentistry in Zaire].

PMID- 1075965
TI  - [Epidemiological survey of the Bassari of East Senegal].

PMID- 1075966
TI  - Bicentennial and dentistry.

PMID- 1075967
TI  - The modulation of fear, anxiety and pain with hypnosis.

PMID- 1075968
TI  - Deaths under dental anaesthesia.

PMID- 1075969
TI  - Supine or not?

PMID- 1075970
TI  - Methoxyflurane analgesia.

PMID- 1075971
TI  - [Oral foci of infection & systemic diseases].

PMID- 1075972
TI  - [A comparison between composite and amalgam fillings].

PMID- 1075973
TI  - [Honey and its uses in otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 1075974
TI  - [A survey of oral and dental diseases].

PMID- 1075976
TI  - [Lexicon of periodontal terms].

PMID- 1075975
TI  - [Differential diagnosis in facial pains].

PMID- 1075977
TI  - The future of the dental technologist.

PMID- 1075978
TI  - Complete denture prosthodontics--review of literature--1973.

PMID- 1075979
TI  - [Diagnosis of jaw fractures].

PMID- 1075980
TI  - [Periodontics: a review of the 1973 literature].

PMID- 1075981
TI  - [Rontgenological diagnosis].

PMID- 1075982
TI  - A review of the embryology of the human temporomandibular joint.

PMID- 1075983
TI  - The solubility and disintegration of some dental luting cements.

PMID- 1075984
TI  - Oral biology in 1973--a review of the literature.

PMID- 1075985
TI  - [Rontgenological diagnosis].

PMID- 1075986
TI  - The warm Gutta percha technique of filling root canals.

PMID- 1075987
TI  - Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible--a case report.

PMID- 1075988
TI  - [Rontgenological diagnosis].

PMID- 1075989
TI  - Dental obstetrics.

PMID- 1075990
TI  - Dental materials, 1973: a review of the literature: 1.

PMID- 1075992
TI  - Valedictory address.

PMID- 1075991
TI  - [Rontgenological diagnosis].

PMID- 1075993
TI  - Death lurks in the dental surgery.

PMID- 1075994
TI  - Solitary enchondroma of the mandibular condyle: a review and case report.

PMID- 1075995
TI  - Calcium intake and calcium deficiency in man.

PMID- 1075996
TI  - [Rontgenological diagnosis].

PMID- 1075997
TI  - What is the role of sugar (sucrose) in dental caries today?

PMID- 1075999
TI  - Human dimensions in dental education.

PMID- 1075998
TI  - [Emergencies and how to handle them].

PMID- 1076000
TI  - Survey radiography as an aid to dental prosthetic treatment planning.

PMID- 1076001
TI  - [Rontgenological diagnosis].

PMID- 1076002
TI  - A simple viewing table for clinical and research use.

PMID- 1076003
TI  - [Oral manifestations in some frequent infectious diseases].

PMID- 1076004
TI  - [Application of a vacuum in the construction of a fixed metal restoration].

PMID- 1076005
TI  - [Review of some cases treated with fixed appliances].

PMID- 1076006
TI  - [Central giant cell tumors of the jaws].

PMID- 1076007
TI  - [Diagnosis of tooth decay and periodontitis by orthopantonography].

PMID- 1076008
TI  - [Relations of ceramic restorations to hard and soft oral tissues from a
      preventive viewpoint].

PMID- 1076009
TI  - [Centric relation, biomechanical and neuromuscular aspects].

PMID- 1076010
TI  - [All porcelain anterior bridge].

PMID- 1076012
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus and the mouth].

PMID- 1076011
TI  - [Oral lesions caused by rubber suction cups].

PMID- 1076013
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the pharynx in children].

PMID- 1076014
TI  - [Organization and position of dental care in the framework of the health
      sciences].

PMID- 1076015
TI  - [Degenerative arthritis of the temporomandibular joint, in the light of a
      distorted occluso-articulation condition].

PMID- 1076016
TI  - [The lingual arch in orthodontic practice].

PMID- 1076017
TI  - [Treatment of class II division 1].

PMID- 1076018
TI  - [Allergic reaction of oral mucosa to dentures].

PMID- 1076019
TI  - [Complication following prosthetic treatment].

PMID- 1076020
TI  - [Computer application in dentistry].

PMID- 1076021
TI  - [Diffusion of P32 labelled phosphoric acid in dental hard tissues].

PMID- 1076022
TI  - [Mechanical properties of gold foil].

PMID- 1076023
TI  - [Hypertrophy of oral mucous membrane in patients with removable dentures].

PMID- 1076024
TI  - [Relationship between the mesio-distal dimensions of the upper and lower teeth].

PMID- 1076025
TI  - [Choice of the incision in the surgical treatment of periapical lesions].

PMID- 1076026
TI  - [Significance of chemical gustometry in detection of facial nerve lesions].

PMID- 1076027
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic problems of epistaxis of traumatic origin].

PMID- 1076029
TI  - [Anesthesia].

PMID- 1076028
TI  - [Keratocysts].

PMID- 1076030
TI  - [Dental iso-implants].

PMID- 1076031
TI  - [Multidirectional traction and expansion apparatus for moving the maxilla
      forward].

PMID- 1076032
TI  - [Persistent erosion-ulceration or relapse by microtraumas (traumatic ulcer)].

PMID- 1076034
TI  - [Xeroradiography].

PMID- 1076033
TI  - [Antibiotics and pregnancy in dentistry].

PMID- 1076035
TI  - [Odontomas and tooth retention].

PMID- 1076036
TI  - [Prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease].

PMID- 1076037
TI  - [Loss of students who enter a dental school].

PMID- 1076038
TI  - [Prevention of injury to dental enamel provoked by application of phosphoric acid
      and zinc phosphate cement].

PMID- 1076039
TI  - [Acrylic or resilient acrylic orthopedic prosthesis for the nursing infant with
      fissure and with or without palatal cleft].

PMID- 1076041
TI  - [The prevention of malignant tumors in the maxillofacial region].

PMID- 1076040
TI  - [Primitive leukoplakias].

PMID- 1076042
TI  - [Trigonometric method of analysis of the upper part of the oral cavity].

PMID- 1076043
TI  - [A case of intradental resorption in the permanent tooth].

PMID- 1076044
TI  - [Influence of gastrointestinal disorders in the pregnant woman on prenatal dental
      development in the child].

PMID- 1076045
TI  - [Keratotic lesions of the oral mucosa (behavior of glycogen in leukoplakia and
      lichen planus)].

PMID- 1076046
TI  - Speech therapy.

PMID- 1076047
TI  - [Problems of mucosal surface protection in full denture wearers].

PMID- 1076048
TI  - [Use of the occlusal splint in the pain dysfunction syndrome].

PMID- 1076049
TI  - [Onlays].

PMID- 1076050
TI  - [Inlays-onlays in a Y for retaining splints].

PMID- 1076051
TI  - [Kabnik's onlay].

PMID- 1076052
TI  - [Onlays: simplified preparation].

PMID- 1076053
TI  - [Peter K. Thomas' onlay unit].

PMID- 1076054
TI  - [Preparation technic for partial crowns].

PMID- 1076056
TI  - [Diamond instruments].

PMID- 1076055
TI  - [The so-called MacBoyle onlay].

PMID- 1076057
TI  - [Preparation of maxillary central incisor for a ceramo-metallic crown].

PMID- 1076058
TI  - [Preparation of a ceramo-metallic crown for the vital upper first bicuspid].

PMID- 1076060
TI  - [Crown and root preparation for dental pins].

PMID- 1076059
TI  - [The ceramo-metallic crown on the upper molar].

PMID- 1076061
TI  - A case of ameloblastic fibrosarcoma, with an electron-microscopic observation.

PMID- 1076062
TI  - Pulpal effects of nuva seal on dogs' teeth.

PMID- 1076064
TI  - Temperature developed during the cutting of tooth tissue.

PMID- 1076063
TI  - Relationship between the number of rat littermates per dam and dentinogenesis.

PMID- 1076065
TI  - Enzymatic action of oral bacteroides against the dental plaque forming substance
      from streptococci.

PMID- 1076066
TI  - Identification of minute fragment of bone by X-ray microanalysis.

PMID- 1076067
TI  - Clinico-pathological observations on alpha-cyanoacrylate in endodontics. 1.
      Coating effects of exposed human vital pulp with ethyl cyanoacrylate.

PMID- 1076068
TI  - Clinico-pathological observations on the vital pulpotomy with or without the use
      of a rubberdam.

PMID- 1076069
TI  - Heparinase activity in lesion of periodontal diseases.

PMID- 1076070
TI  - [Studies of genetic markers in human saliva. (I). Frequencies of Pa and Pb
      systems from parotid saliva of Japanese in Tokyo].

PMID- 1076071
TI  - [Studies of genetic markers in human saliva. (II). Frequencies of Pr and Db
      systems from parotid saliva of Japanese in Tokyo].

PMID- 1076072
TI  - [Studies of genetic markers in human saliva. (III). Variants of human salivary
      amylase from Japanese in Tokyo and its inheritance].

PMID- 1076073
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of the facial configuration in unoperated unilateral cleft
      lip patients--a geometric study].

PMID- 1076074
TI  - Taxonomical position of anaerobic diphtheroids from human oral cavity.

PMID- 1076075
TI  - [Cholinesterase activity of human saliva and types of the enzymes. Comparison of
      whole saliva with parotid saliva].

PMID- 1076076
TI  - [Periodontal therapies and Social Security].

PMID- 1076077
TI  - [Committee of Oro-dental Hygiene of Haut-Rhin. Dental inspection in the maternal
      schools of Mulhouse. School year 1974-1975. Notes suggested by study of survey
      statistics].

PMID- 1076078
TI  - [Epidemiologic study on the frequency of caries and dentofacial anomalies in men
      called up from the provinces and overseas territories].

PMID- 1076079
TI  - [Conservative treatment of very inflamed pulp in the acute stage].

PMID- 1076080
TI  - [What is mesotherapy?].

PMID- 1076081
TI  - [Joint practice or associate practice?].

PMID- 1076083
TI  - [Formal procedures for setting up practice].

PMID- 1076082
TI  - [Study of the creation of a prosthetic laboratory for the practitioner].

PMID- 1076084
TI  - [Contracts].

PMID- 1076086
TI  - [Health insurance].

PMID- 1076085
TI  - [Financing].

PMID- 1076087
TI  - [Personnel].

PMID- 1076089
TI  - [Foresight].

PMID- 1076088
TI  - [Financial system].

PMID- 1076090
TI  - [Oro-dental hygiene].

PMID- 1076091
TI  - [Time limitation on medications].

PMID- 1076092
TI  - [The dentist in the armed forces].

PMID- 1076093
TI  - [Professional projection: coercion or motivation?].

PMID- 1076095
TI  - [Taxes, 1976, a practical guide to the dentist].

PMID- 1076094
TI  - [Concept revision in endodontic treatment].

PMID- 1076096
TI  - [Practitioner-consultant relations / practitioner-patient relations].

PMID- 1076097
TI  - [Psychiatry in question].

PMID- 1076098
TI  - [Legal dentistry Medico-dental contracts. Practice of dental surgery and modern
      law].

PMID- 1076099
TI  - [Role of fluorine tablets in prevention of caries].

PMID- 1076100
TI  - [Legal dentistry. Medico-dental contracts. Obligations as result and obligations
      as means in medico-dental contracts].

PMID- 1076101
TI  - [Visual noxae in the dental office].

PMID- 1076102
TI  - [Thermal and hygrometric noxae in the dental office].

PMID- 1076103
TI  - [Setting up practice].

PMID- 1076104
TI  - [Taxes on added value].

PMID- 1076105
TI  - [Estimation and compensation of damages charged to dentists].

PMID- 1076106
TI  - [Ways to better living conditions for the dentist. Various ideas].

PMID- 1076107
TI  - [Fluorine: effect on the loss of deciduous teeth and on the eruption of permanent
      teeth].

PMID- 1076108
TI  - [The dental profession is legally a medical profession and not a para-medical
      one, as is shown on examination of legal texts].

PMID- 1076109
TI  - [Complementary retirement pension, system of planning].

PMID- 1076110
TI  - [Dental health contracts from a legal point of view (1)].

PMID- 1076111
TI  - [Role of occlusal splints in pain-dysfunction syndrome of the masticatory
      apparatus].

PMID- 1076112
TI  - [Fluorine: effect of topical treatment with a fluorine-based agent on caries
      rate].

PMID- 1076113
TI  - [Myalgias of the head and neck in relation to occlusion disorders, study of 138
      cases, or, pain-dysfunction syndrome of the muscles of the masticatory
      apparatus].

PMID- 1076114
TI  - [Union makes strength, and permits economizing].

PMID- 1076115
TI  - [Deontology and assistants].

PMID- 1076116
TI  - [Social Security: abuse or scandal?].

PMID- 1076117
TI  - [Work contract. Non-concurrence clauses. Legality. Jurisprudence].

PMID- 1076118
TI  - [Various types of equipment for 4-handed practice].

PMID- 1076119
TI  - [Collecting fees].

PMID- 1076120
TI  - [Ontogenic behavior of the image of the upper 1st molar in cephalometry].

PMID- 1076121
TI  - [Clinical trial on the use of tiaprofenique acid in odonto-stomatologic
      practice].

PMID- 1076122
TI  - [Guide for installation. 1. Choosing his mode of practice].

PMID- 1076123
TI  - [Guide for installation. 2. Choosing his place of practice].

PMID- 1076125
TI  - [Guide for installation. 4. Equipping his office].

PMID- 1076124
TI  - [Guide for installation. 3. Financing his office].

PMID- 1076126
TI  - [Guide for installation. 5. Managing his office].

PMID- 1076127
TI  - [Guide for installation. 6. Payment of his taxes].

PMID- 1076129
TI  - [Guide for installation. 8. Relying on colleagues].

PMID- 1076128
TI  - [Guide for installation. 7. Counsel and various services].

PMID- 1076130
TI  - [Orodental mesotherapy].

PMID- 1076131
TI  - [Appreciation and dental offices].

PMID- 1076132
TI  - [Development of jurisprudence in matters of responsibility, its incidence in
      narcodontology].

PMID- 1076133
TI  - [Composition of an odonto-stomatologic identification kit].

PMID- 1076134
TI  - [Comparative epidemiologic study of dental caries in primary schools in the city
      of Strasbourg in 1903 and 1973].

PMID- 1076136
TI  - [Termination of dental practice. Death of titular occupant. Rights of the heirs].

PMID- 1076135
TI  - [An antibacterial agent in infections of the oro-dental region. Apropos of 50
      cases].

PMID- 1076137
TI  - [Continuing education].

PMID- 1076138
TI  - [Periodontal diseases. Current means of treatment].

PMID- 1076139
TI  - [Complementary ideas on acupuncture in odonto-stomatology].

PMID- 1076140
TI  - [Use of pipebuzone in odonto-stomatology and maxillo-facial surgery (apropos of
      51 cases)].

PMID- 1076141
TI  - [The role of mouth irrigation in current dental hygiene. Experimental research in
      man and animals].

PMID- 1076142
TI  - [Choice of an antibiotic in dental surgery].

PMID- 1076143
TI  - [Contribution to odonto-stomatology in case findings of diabetic risk patients].

PMID- 1076144
TI  - [White paper 1976. The dentist and society].

PMID- 1076146
TI  - [White paper 1976. Education].

PMID- 1076145
TI  - [White paper 1976. Professional practice].

PMID- 1076147
TI  - [White paper 1976. The dentist and the armed forces].

PMID- 1076148
TI  - [White paper 1976. Particular problems with overseas divisions].

PMID- 1076149
TI  - [Psychology of aging: its impact in odontologic practice].

PMID- 1076150
TI  - [Dentofacial orthodonties: interesting decision].

PMID- 1076152
TI  - [Toward control of the quality of health care].

PMID- 1076151
TI  - [Clinical study of an orodental immunotherapy in the treatment of oral aphthae].

PMID- 1076153
TI  - [The point in periodontics. II. Recent observations on periodontal tissue].

PMID- 1076154
TI  - [Problems in all the professions of health].

PMID- 1076155
TI  - [2 pulpotomy technics for the temporary tooth].

PMID- 1076156
TI  - [Medico-dental expert testimony and preliminary consultation in drugs in
      dentistry].

PMID- 1076157
TI  - [Taxation on appreciation. Professional appreciation].

PMID- 1076158
TI  - [Cephalometric analysis].

PMID- 1076159
TI  - [How to organize a tooth bank].

PMID- 1076161
TI  - [New cephalometry: fronto-facial analysis by Muzj].

PMID- 1076160
TI  - [Embryology of the periodontium].

PMID- 1076162
TI  - [Intra-ligament anesthesia with the Peripress syringe].

PMID- 1076163
TI  - [With a clear conscience].

PMID- 1076164
TI  - [Ergonomic study: simplification of work, sitting and the theory of the spheres].

PMID- 1076165
TI  - Skeletal open bite: diagnosis and orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 1076166
TI  - [6 words to the young lady on call: "I evaluate him, he evaluates me"].

PMID- 1076167
TI  - [Use of biodegradable ceramics in periodontal lesions].

PMID- 1076168
TI  - [Physiologic tooth movement].

PMID- 1076169
TI  - [Noise reduction in the work place].

PMID- 1076170
TI  - [Adverse effects of fixed dentures on the periodontium].

PMID- 1076171
TI  - [Do not worry about examinations].

PMID- 1076172
TI  - [Black on white: The teaching evidence on the professional laws].

PMID- 1076173
TI  - [Visible deterioration of teeth].

PMID- 1076174
TI  - [Artificial teeth on the German export market, 1974].

PMID- 1076175
TI  - [Legislation of working hours].

PMID- 1076176
TI  - [Acceptable and unacceptable corrections of models of crown stumps].

PMID- 1076177
TI  - [Model construction: proper handling of model materials].

PMID- 1076178
TI  - [Future prospects for the training of dental technicians in Great Britain].

PMID- 1076179
TI  - [Cabinets and the dental office].

PMID- 1076180
TI  - [Dental cabinets and the viewpoint of the industry].

PMID- 1076181
TI  - [A step for the humanizing of the work world].

PMID- 1076182
TI  - The surgical instrument marker--A little - known, but important trade.

PMID- 1076183
TI  - [Work organization. Basis of rational organization of work in the profession].

PMID- 1076184
TI  - [45th Year. Over view and new information].

PMID- 1076185
TI  - [The technician for surgery, a little known but important profession].

PMID- 1076186
TI  - [Composites--evaluation of their development].

PMID- 1076187
TI  - [Work hygiene. Its importance to the workforce in the office and laboratory].

PMID- 1076188
TI  - [Development of a disinfection chain through industry, marketing and dentist].

PMID- 1076189
TI  - [Mouthwash and spittoon].

PMID- 1076191
TI  - Partners in progress, U.S. dentistry's considerations come to the fore.

PMID- 1076190
TI  - [Dental chairs in the dental office].

PMID- 1076192
TI  - [25 years ago new creation of the VDDI. Dental Echo--its official publication].

PMID- 1076193
TI  - [Oral hygiene--Indispensable building blocks of caries and periodontal disease
      prophylaxis].

PMID- 1076194
TI  - [Oral hygiene from the point of view of industry].

PMID- 1076195
TI  - [Prosthetic materials].

PMID- 1076196
TI  - [Man-made materials for dental prosthetics].

PMID- 1076197
TI  - [Office inauguration].

PMID- 1076198
TI  - [Planning and development of dental equipment].

PMID- 1076200
TI  - [Dental stools--Aspects of their construction, selection, and use].

PMID- 1076199
TI  - [Conduction- gas, problem puffed up?].

PMID- 1076201
TI  - A dangerous path. Failures in information policies--excessive demands.

PMID- 1076202
TI  - [A small difference--labor concept: this or that way?].

PMID- 1076203
TI  - [Dental stools. II. Its use in the laboratory and administrative area].

PMID- 1076204
TI  - [Technical reliability of electromedical devices].

PMID- 1076205
TI  - [Denturism today].

PMID- 1076206
TI  - [Rotating instruments for dentists and dental technicians].

PMID- 1076207
TI  - [Problems of development of rotating dental instruments].

PMID- 1076208
TI  - [Labor and installation concepts. Results of the cooperation of the dentist, the
      industrial engineer, and the industry].

PMID- 1076209
TI  - [X-ray equipment. Radiation protection and radiographic taking in foreground].

PMID- 1076210
TI  - [Industrial criteria for equipment development].

PMID- 1076211
TI  - [The film closure--a rational approach to safe dental-surgical sterilization,
      storage and distribution].

PMID- 1076212
TI  - [Can we still save our teeth? Dentistry today].

PMID- 1076213
TI  - [Progress of the higher education--an important action of the German Dental
      Association].

PMID- 1076215
TI  - The Dentist's working area. Problems of equipment and design.

PMID- 1076214
TI  - [Are our pharmaceutical packages too big?].

PMID- 1076216
TI  - The equipment of the dental working area.

PMID- 1076217
TI  - [The basic principles of the FDI on dental politic. A Magna Carta for the dental
      field].

PMID- 1076218
TI  - The problems of market development: The dentist as buyer.

PMID- 1076219
TI  - Toward more understanding and better agreement. The standardized statutory units
      in technology.

PMID- 1076220
TI  - Hypoglycemic attack: causes and treatment.

PMID- 1076221
TI  - Performed crown technic for posterior teeth.

PMID- 1076222
TI  - Improving esthetics with composite for diastemas after periodontal surgery.

PMID- 1076223
TI  - Understanding dysfunction of the TMJ.

PMID- 1076224
TI  - Diagnosing the TMJ pain syndrome.

PMID- 1076225
TI  - Learning to overcome 'beginner's blues'.

PMID- 1076226
TI  - Dentistry under Castro: a Cuban exile's view.

PMID- 1076227
TI  - Improving continuing education through local Peer Review.

PMID- 1076228
TI  - Open design allows for expansion.

PMID- 1076229
TI  - When should the general dentist do more than refer?

PMID- 1076231
TI  - Case report: removal of an apical root canal obstruction.

PMID- 1076230
TI  - Composite technic to create a temporary space maintainer.

PMID- 1076232
TI  - Use of a vitreous carbon implant to replace an upper lateral incisor.

PMID- 1076233
TI  - Periodontics: old problems, new perspectives.

PMID- 1076235
TI  - Efficient design helps minimize patient fears.

PMID- 1076234
TI  - Games that some dentists play: a plea for professional fair play.

PMID- 1076236
TI  - Dentists practice separately in corporate building.

PMID- 1076237
TI  - 'Basic training' for the new assistant.

PMID- 1076238
TI  - Consumers gain voice in Ontario dentistry.

PMID- 1076239
TI  - A simple biopsy technic for dubious lesions.

PMID- 1076240
TI  - Simplified duplication of radiographs.

PMID- 1076241
TI  - Use of a vertical non-parallel pin splint on anterior teeth.

PMID- 1076242
TI  - Consistent measurement of root canal depth.

PMID- 1076243
TI  - Trouble-shooting that 'difficult' lower denture.

PMID- 1076244
TI  - A simple technic for removing temporary cement from crowns.

PMID- 1076245
TI  - Prosthetic success: it takes technician and patient, too.

PMID- 1076246
TI  - Staff participation makes meeting work.

PMID- 1076247
TI  - Malpractice: 'Stitch in time' urged for dentistry.

PMID- 1076248
TI  - Composite technic for buccal fracture of an upper first bicuspid.

PMID- 1076249
TI  - Promoting co-operation: 'let patient see what's going on'.

PMID- 1076250
TI  - Removal of an ectopic lower third molar: case report.

PMID- 1076251
TI  - Occlusodontia, the key to complete dentistry.

PMID- 1076252
TI  - TEAM dentistry: evaluating office and staff efficiency.

PMID- 1076253
TI  - 'The unscheduled day-off syndrome'.

PMID- 1076254
TI  - 'For each patient, a very personalized service'.

PMID- 1076255
TI  - Academic freedom and the issue of expanded-duty auxiliaries.

PMID- 1076256
TI  - Control of infection in the dental operatory.

PMID- 1076258
TI  - Why dentists must screen patients for hypertension.

PMID- 1076257
TI  - IV sedation and analgesia--alternatives to general anesthesia.

PMID- 1076259
TI  - Making 4-handed dentistry work in your office.

PMID- 1076260
TI  - Dentists practice separately in dental-medical complex.

PMID- 1076261
TI  - Ten dentists design 'open clinic' for comprehensive practice.

PMID- 1076262
TI  - Maintaining professional ethics: a challenge of the times.

PMID- 1076263
TI  - Don't let the untrained use general anesthesia.

PMID- 1076264
TI  - Team care of hospitalized psychiatric patients.

PMID- 1076265
TI  - Cryosurgery effective for head, neck cancers.

PMID- 1076266
TI  - Interception of early epidermoid cyst.

PMID- 1076267
TI  - Beyond 4-handed dentistry: is TEAM for you?

PMID- 1076268
TI  - What's good for the doctors proves good for patients.

PMID- 1076269
TI  - Expansion and renovation very nearly painless.

PMID- 1076270
TI  - Attitude makes chores 'light housekeeping'.

PMID- 1076271
TI  - [The new ticket--what is new?].

PMID- 1076272
TI  - [Gains and losses of modern nutrition].

PMID- 1076273
TI  - [Prophylaxis, only guarantee of dental health].

PMID- 1076274
TI  - [Gnathological problems in partial and total prosthesis].

PMID- 1076275
TI  - [The fee was cut in half].

PMID- 1076276
TI  - [Experimental surgery of today--surgery of tomorrow].

PMID- 1076277
TI  - [Management and organization--step-child of the dental office].

PMID- 1076278
TI  - [European Common Market: for dentists a great risk].

PMID- 1076279
TI  - [Fewer practices but increased market].

PMID- 1076280
TI  - [Failures and error sources in indirect inlay technic. B. Error sources in the
      laboratory].

PMID- 1076281
TI  - [Carboxylate cements with improved physical properties].

PMID- 1076282
TI  - [Keystones of the modern office].

PMID- 1076284
TI  - [Psycho hygiene or the act of self rationalization].

PMID- 1076283
TI  - [The new Ideal--tray and the color code system].

PMID- 1076285
TI  - [Team work in practice].

PMID- 1076286
TI  - [More professional help for the dentist?].

PMID- 1076287
TI  - [Fluoride in drinking water: an unlawful obligatory diet].

PMID- 1076289
TI  - [Films in dental practice].

PMID- 1076288
TI  - [The operatory as organization center of the office].

PMID- 1076290
TI  - [Heart and circulatory diseases rehabilitation].

PMID- 1076291
TI  - [Medical explanation duties].

PMID- 1076293
TI  - [Which duties does the dentist expect from his secretary and which should she
      perform].

PMID- 1076292
TI  - [New language also in dentistry].

PMID- 1076294
TI  - [Indications and counter-indications of removable and fixed orthodontic
      appliances. (I)].

PMID- 1076295
TI  - [Experience with the agreement. I].

PMID- 1076296
TI  - [Goodbye, amalgam?].

PMID- 1076297
TI  - [Seawater salt as a prophylactic aid for periodontopathies and caries].

PMID- 1076298
TI  - [Time and work plan for the dentist: the laboratory].

PMID- 1076299
TI  - [Indications and counter-indications of removable and fixed orthodontic
      appliances. (II)].

PMID- 1076300
TI  - [Retaining pulp vitality in deep caries].

PMID- 1076301
TI  - [Experiences with the agreement. (II)].

PMID- 1076302
TI  - [Nutrition as a factor in preventive dentistry].

PMID- 1076303
TI  - [Conditions for a profitable practice].

PMID- 1076304
TI  - [Thoughts on prophylaxis].

PMID- 1076305
TI  - [Special problems in endodontics].

PMID- 1076306
TI  - [Cancer from fluoride].

PMID- 1076307
TI  - [Fluoride, not a carcinogen].

PMID- 1076309
TI  - [The dental secretary].

PMID- 1076308
TI  - [Critical considerations on the practical aspects of periodontal treatment].

PMID- 1076310
TI  - [What is happening in the U.S.A.?].

PMID- 1076311
TI  - [The appointment book].

PMID- 1076312
TI  - [The problem of all preventive-medical health education].

PMID- 1076313
TI  - Profound changes in dental treatment planning.

PMID- 1076314
TI  - Development of the five piece ramus frame implant.

PMID- 1076315
TI  - Fracture fixation with endosteal "fixation wedges": a progress report.

PMID- 1076316
TI  - Long-term evaluation of fixed "saddle-bridges".

PMID- 1076317
TI  - Electron microscopic investigation of various endosteal implant materials.

PMID- 1076318
TI  - Splinting method for replicated tooth implants in baboons.

PMID- 1076319
TI  - Toxilogical considerations of dental implants.

PMID- 1076320
TI  - The correlation of fixed prosthodontics with dental implants.

PMID- 1076321
TI  - Tissue response to titanium endosteal blade implants.

PMID- 1076322
TI  - Endosseous blade implants support an overlay clip-bar prosthesis.

PMID- 1076324
TI  - Predictable one visit tooth replacement system using osteogenic bone pins.

PMID- 1076323
TI  - Strains in dog jaw bones following implant insertion: a photoelastic study.

PMID- 1076328
TI  - [Changes of occlusion 10 years after Edgewise treatment in 7 continuing cases].

PMID- 1076329
TI  - [Force properties of jaw orthodontic apparatus in tooth rotation].

PMID- 1076330
TI  - [Theoretical and practical aspects of tooth placement in human occlusion].

PMID- 1076332
TI  - [The need for cephalometrics in clinical jaw orthodontics today].

PMID- 1076331
TI  - [The mental symphysis].

PMID- 1076333
TI  - [The maintenance of position of the lower incisors].

PMID- 1076334
TI  - [Soft facial tissues, cephalometry and jaw orthodontic treatment plan].

PMID- 1076335
TI  - [Changes in alveolar bone in spontaneous or completed dental movement].

PMID- 1076336
TI  - [Gnathology and muscle controlled occlusion].

PMID- 1076338
TI  - [Edgewise treatment].

PMID- 1076337
TI  - [Gingival split by jaw orthopedic bands].

PMID- 1076339
TI  - [Electromyographic evaluation on the influence of masticatory musculature through
      bionators during sleep].

PMID- 1076340
TI  - [A new screw element].

PMID- 1076341
TI  - [Principles of extraoral force].

PMID- 1076342
TI  - [Functional occlusion].

PMID- 1076343
TI  - [Final treatment in present jaw orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 1076344
TI  - [5-year evaluation of straight-wire-apparatus of Andrews].

PMID- 1076345
TI  - The scope of maxillofacial prosthetics.

PMID- 1076346
TI  - Possible errors associated with the insertion of self-drilling pin-implants of
      the scialom type.

PMID- 1076347
TI  - The role of periodontal prosthesis.

PMID- 1076348
TI  - Occlusion and partial dentures, supporting periodontally weakened teeth with
      removable partial dentures, and tooth supported complete dentures.

PMID- 1076349
TI  - The working concept of modern dentistry and dental teamwork.

PMID- 1076350
TI  - Temporomandibular examination and diagnosis.

PMID- 1076351
TI  - Temporomandibular joint area problems.

PMID- 1076352
TI  - A physiologic approach to occlusion.

PMID- 1076353
TI  - Temporomandibular joint area treatment.

PMID- 1076354
TI  - The psychology of aesthetics.

PMID- 1076355
TI  - The burning mouth syndrome.

PMID- 1076357
TI  - The "cluster hypothesis": a hypothetical model for a unified field concept to
      reconcile contradictions in theories of centric occlusion records.

PMID- 1076356
TI  - Errors in centric relation record.

PMID- 1076358
TI  - The reproduction of jaw movements.

PMID- 1076359
TI  - The tissues and functions of occlusion.

PMID- 1076360
TI  - Recorded movements of the jaws.

PMID- 1076361
TI  - The mandibular rest position: the roles of tissue elasticity and muscle activity.

PMID- 1076362
TI  - The neurophysiology of chewing: a review of current hypotheses.

PMID- 1076363
TI  - The anatomy of the mouth in relation to the complete mandibular denture.

PMID- 1076364
TI  - Why articulators?

PMID- 1076365
TI  - Maxillofacial prosthodontics in South Africa.

PMID- 1076366
TI  - The prevention of periodontal disease.

PMID- 1076368
TI  - Prosthodontics in South Africa.

PMID- 1076367
TI  - Physiology of gingiva in contact with prosthetic crowns.

PMID- 1076369
TI  - Aetiology of periodontal disease.

PMID- 1076370
TI  - The sick eye and the sick tooth.

PMID- 1076372
TI  - Myo-fascial pain in the edentulous patient.

PMID- 1076371
TI  - Prosthetic therapy for the cleft palate patient.

PMID- 1076373
TI  - Facing facts.

PMID- 1076374
TI  - Mercury levels in McGill dental students.

PMID- 1076375
TI  - [The dentist and financial planning. I].

PMID- 1076376
TI  - [The dentist and financial planning. II].

PMID- 1076377
TI  - [The emergence of a real power by consumers of professional services].

PMID- 1076378
TI  - [The dentist and financial planning. III].

PMID- 1076379
TI  - Hypercoagulable state in diGuglielmo's syndrome.

PMID- 1076380
TI  - [Dentofacial orthopedics and logopedics].

PMID- 1076381
TI  - [Can neuropsychology interest the orthodontist?].

PMID- 1076382
TI  - [Monitored extractions: serial extractions].

PMID- 1076383
TI  - A functional surgical method of treatment of the skeletal open bite.

PMID- 1076384
TI  - [Application of psychological dimension of "locus of control" in orthodontic
      treatment].

PMID- 1076385
TI  - [The determining role of gnatho-orthopedics in modern treatment of cleft lip
      palate (surgical-orthopedic coordinated technique)].

PMID- 1076386
TI  - [The need of cephalometrics in a modern orthodontic clinic].

PMID- 1076388
TI  - Quantification of clinical changes in periapical radiolucencies by means of
      densitometry.

PMID- 1076387
TI  - [An orthodontic problem: the obligatory extraction of a first permanent molar].

PMID- 1076389
TI  - [Interpretation of a health questionnaire. III. Use of medicines].

PMID- 1076390
TI  - [The effects of dental restorations--an electromyographic study].

PMID- 1076391
TI  - [III. Research on the effect of the educational campaign for healthy teeth].

PMID- 1076393
TI  - [Virus hepatitis].

PMID- 1076392
TI  - [Grooves, fissures, pits and foramina caeca].

PMID- 1076394
TI  - [Endo-periodontal problems. Forms of interrelation].

PMID- 1076395
TI  - [Short considerations on muco-gingival surgery].

PMID- 1076396
TI  - [Pollution with fluorides].

PMID- 1076397
TI  - [Considerations on dental assistance and distribution of professionals in
      dentistry in Espirito Santo].

PMID- 1076398
TI  - [Orthodontic clinic and the study of growth and development of the bones of the
      face].

PMID- 1076399
TI  - [Importance of the dextran and Streptococcus mutans on adherence of micro
      organisms for the formation of dental plaque].

PMID- 1076400
TI  - [Justification for the establishment of an agreement that will take place between
      the University of Espirito Santo, with the objective of implementing new
      techniques in social dentistry in the teaching and practical fields of sanitary
      dentistry].

PMID- 1076401
TI  - [Epidemiologic analysis of hospitalizations for whooping-cough, diphtheria and
      tetanus in the children's hospital, Nossa Senhora da Gloria 1972-1975].

PMID- 1076402
TI  - [Alveolitis. General considerations].

PMID- 1076403
TI  - Simplified Class II amalgam preparation.

PMID- 1076404
TI  - Problems in patient relations.

PMID- 1076405
TI  - Malpractice overview.

PMID- 1076406
TI  - [Assessment of the nose, nasogram (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076407
TI  - [Comparative study of some mandibular characteristics in Class I and Class II,
      division I, malocclusion, (Angle) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076408
TI  - [Dentigerous cyst therapy and orthodontic traction: clinical case (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076409
TI  - [Histologic study of rat connective tissue responses to implants of adhesive
      materials used in orthodontics (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076410
TI  - [Appliance to make extraoral arches of anterior application (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076411
TI  - [Cervical traction in the orthodontic treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076412
TI  - [Contribution to the study of orthodontic movements during "anchorage
      preparation, lower anterior retraction and Class II mechanics" I. (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076414
TI  - [Dental movement (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076413
TI  - [Evaluation of the mandibular canines position (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076415
TI  - [Graph for the determination of upper and lower individualized arches].

PMID- 1076416
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the modifications in the skeletal pattern of the
      face, far from the application point of extra-oral force in orthodontics
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076417
TI  - [Myotherapic reeducation in atypical pressures of the tongue: diagnosis and
      therapy. I (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076418
TI  - [One way to rational formation of baked ceramic occlusal surfaces].

PMID- 1076419
TI  - [Dental care statistics for 1970-2 under Austrian health insurance].

PMID- 1076420
TI  - [Advanced education: a duty or a hobby].

PMID- 1076421
TI  - [The mandible as a starting point for model measurements].

PMID- 1076422
TI  - [The toothbrush dilemma between science and practical living].

PMID- 1076423
TI  - [The theory-practice of problems of jaw orthopedics].

PMID- 1076424
TI  - [The metal full crown].

PMID- 1076425
TI  - [Compensation and salaries in practice on January 1, 1975].

PMID- 1076426
TI  - [Crown. Electron microscopic research in the problem of marginal seal].

PMID- 1076427
TI  - [Two simple Watkin cases].

PMID- 1076428
TI  - [A useful oral light].

PMID- 1076430
TI  - [Registration technic in prosthesis].

PMID- 1076429
TI  - [The tax treatment of gold as a useful material in dentistry].

PMID- 1076431
TI  - [Celebration of opening of a newly adopted advanced education institute in space
      of the teaching institute for dentists].

PMID- 1076432
TI  - [The complete immediate denture].

PMID- 1076434
TI  - [Long term observations on endosseous blade implants. A 5 year report].

PMID- 1076433
TI  - [Growth and early treatment].

PMID- 1076435
TI  - [Our experiences with Restodent and Enamelite].

PMID- 1076436
TI  - [Technic for deciduous tooth/deciduous tooth crowns].

PMID- 1076437
TI  - [Duty boundaries for dental auxiliaries].

PMID- 1076438
TI  - [The Octolink bridge].

PMID- 1076439
TI  - [New forehead lamp with halogen light].

PMID- 1076440
TI  - [Health preservation and tobacco use].

PMID- 1076442
TI  - [Report from America].

PMID- 1076441
TI  - [Suggestions for blending of single crowns and bridge framework of precious metal
      free "Wiron-S" with Vita VMK 68].

PMID- 1076443
TI  - [Polishing instruments for metalloceramics].

PMID- 1076444
TI  - [Experience in use of amalgam in dental practice].

PMID- 1076445
TI  - [The effect of naturally fluoridated drinking water at Vordingborg on teeth].

PMID- 1076446
TI  - [Caries occurrence in various regions of the world. The world list of caries
      distribution].

PMID- 1076447
TI  - [The question of payment for missed treatment deadline].

PMID- 1076448
TI  - [Sugar-containing snack foods as a cause of caries].

PMID- 1076449
TI  - ["Fluoride prophylaxis is inefficient and dangerous"].

PMID- 1076450
TI  - [Caries prevention by sealing of the teeth with synthetic resin].

PMID- 1076451
TI  - [EEC: A risk for dentists].

PMID- 1076452
TI  - [Fluoride administration and caries-prophylactic effect].

PMID- 1076453
TI  - [Drinking water fluoridation--a social political phenomenon?].

PMID- 1076454
TI  - [Is your retirement plan high enough?].

PMID- 1076456
TI  - [Emergency medications].

PMID- 1076455
TI  - [The most important insurance plan for young dentists].

PMID- 1076457
TI  - [The child in the dental office].

PMID- 1076458
TI  - [Can assistants take final examinations prematurely?].

PMID- 1076459
TI  - [The dentist needs assistance. The specialized dental assistant].

PMID- 1076460
TI  - [Surgery in dental practice. 2. Root resection].

PMID- 1076461
TI  - Fee-for-service versus services-for-a-fee.

PMID- 1076462
TI  - Our permissive society.

PMID- 1076463
TI  - Alternatives to the fee-for-service model.

PMID- 1076464
TI  - Total fluoride intake and its consequences.

PMID- 1076466
TI  - Enamel structure and cavity margins.

PMID- 1076465
TI  - A new journal.

PMID- 1076467
TI  - The new era in restorative dental materials.

PMID- 1076468
TI  - The high priority of restorative dentistry.

PMID- 1076469
TI  - Gold foil in today's practice.

PMID- 1076470
TI  - [After seven years in Sondalo].

PMID- 1076471
TI  - [Group work in the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 1076472
TI  - [Recommendations of a committee of experts of W.H.O. Sanitary education in dental
      hygiene].

PMID- 1076473
TI  - [Construction of work groups on personalized operative stomatological
      prevention].

PMID- 1076474
TI  - [Preventive dentistry personalized in a private office].

PMID- 1076475
TI  - [Is it possible to maintain healthy teeth and gingiva?].

PMID- 1076476
TI  - [Principle of mass communication used in stomatological prevention].

PMID- 1076477
TI  - [Preventive dentistry in the private stomatological office].

PMID- 1076478
TI  - [Philosophy and application of a dental caries preventive program].

PMID- 1076479
TI  - [Auxiliary personnel for prevention in the different European states].

PMID- 1076480
TI  - [Dental hygiene school in Zurich].

PMID- 1076481
TI  - [Formation of dental assistants in the German Federal Republic].

PMID- 1076482
TI  - [Why prevention and how to do it].

PMID- 1076483
TI  - [Debate on prophylaxis].

PMID- 1076484
TI  - [Fluoridation map of drinking water].

PMID- 1076485
TI  - [Usefulness of the toothbrush and ultra sound in the control of dental plaque].

PMID- 1076486
TI  - [Clinical control of dental plaque].

PMID- 1076487
TI  - [Use of sealants in prevention].

PMID- 1076489
TI  - [Problems in prevention in moutain communities].

PMID- 1076488
TI  - [Motivation and maintenance care].

PMID- 1076490
TI  - [Sanitary dental education in the general population].

PMID- 1076491
TI  - [A school without caries].

PMID- 1076492
TI  - [Puppet theater as a didactic help].

PMID- 1076493
TI  - [How preventive medicine is understood in the community of Cinisello Balsamo].

PMID- 1076494
TI  - [Caries prevention in Val Pellice].

PMID- 1076495
TI  - [Practical experiences in prevention in Reggio Emilia].

PMID- 1076496
TI  - [Nutrition in prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 1076497
TI  - [Oral hygiene conditions in the school population in Bolzano].

PMID- 1076499
TI  - [School dentistry in the community of Naples].

PMID- 1076498
TI  - [To know how to read a chart: elementary schools of Sondalo, 7 years after].

PMID- 1076500
TI  - [Fluoride prophylaxis, yesterday and today].

PMID- 1076501
TI  - [Motivational aspects in teaching patients how to practice oral hygiene].

PMID- 1076502
TI  - [How can students participate in a prevention program?].

PMID- 1076503
TI  - [How to start a practical prevention program in your own office].

PMID- 1076504
TI  - [Treatment of children with extensive dental caries].

PMID- 1076506
TI  - [Possibility and politics of a rational campaign for dental hygiene on social
      scale].

PMID- 1076505
TI  - [For early diagnosis it is necessary to know these things about cancer].

PMID- 1076507
TI  - [Bacterial plaque].

PMID- 1076508
TI  - [On oral prophylaxis in pediatrics. Prevention in daily practice].

PMID- 1076509
TI  - [Prevention in the schools of Val Chisone].

PMID- 1076510
TI  - [Information and administration of fluoride tablets in relation to dental
      caries].

PMID- 1076511
TI  - [Programs, experience and research methods in preventive dentistry in the Bologna
      area].

PMID- 1076512
TI  - [Use of medical students in a social dental prevention program].

PMID- 1076513
TI  - [2 years of dental caries prevention in Lomellina].

PMID- 1076514
TI  - [Role of fluoride tablets in caries prophylaxis].

PMID- 1076515
TI  - [Fluoride prophylaxis in a school in Rome].

PMID- 1076516
TI  - [Prevention in Pomaretto].

PMID- 1076517
TI  - [Dental caries prevention with fluorides].

PMID- 1076518
TI  - [Controversy on fluorides--I].

PMID- 1076519
TI  - [The toothbrush and its essential characteristics].

PMID- 1076520
TI  - [Dental prevention (caries, malocclusion, pyorrhea)].

PMID- 1076521
TI  - [Initiation of 5 mothers into a prevention program in an elementary school].

PMID- 1076522
TI  - [A direct operative experience: caries prevention through the school].

PMID- 1076523
TI  - [An oral prophylaxia in pediatrics].

PMID- 1076524
TI  - [1st didactic experience with a course for dental hygienists].

PMID- 1076525
TI  - [How to teach oral hygiene: persuasion is not resulting from improvization].

PMID- 1076526
TI  - [Oral guards, orthodontic prevention and desensitization of cervical areas].

PMID- 1076527
TI  - [Dentistry and the community].

PMID- 1076528
TI  - [The teaching message on the subject of prevention].

PMID- 1076529
TI  - Evaluating the effectiveness of dental expanded duty personnel utilization.

PMID- 1076531
TI  - Three year progress report on the pterygoid extension implant for the totally and
      partially, edentulous maxillae.

PMID- 1076530
TI  - Microbiologic calcification in the formation of calculus.

PMID- 1076533
TI  - Efficient endodontics--Conservative or Sargenti method?

PMID- 1076532
TI  - Polysulfide rubber foreign body: report of a case.

PMID- 1076534
TI  - Prosthodontic splinting.

PMID- 1076535
TI  - Combined Crozat-bonded labial light wire (II).

PMID- 1076536
TI  - Asbestos in periodontal dressings: a possible health hazard.

PMID- 1076537
TI  - Pre-marked dental X-ray measuring film for paralleling technique.

PMID- 1076538
TI  - The role of the dentist in child abuse.

PMID- 1076539
TI  - Progress and change: dentistry in America's bicentennial.

PMID- 1076540
TI  - Conservative treatment of grossly carious anteriors.

PMID- 1076541
TI  - Jaw relations--logic or judgment.

PMID- 1076542
TI  - A rational concept of crown preparation revised and expanded.

PMID- 1076543
TI  - Self-application of topical fluoride: review and recommendations for use in a
      preventive office program.

PMID- 1076544
TI  - Alternatives to cast fixed occlusal reconstruction in advanced periodontal
      disease (I).

PMID- 1076546
TI  - The dental patient with chronic renal failure.

PMID- 1076545
TI  - Images without structure: edge effect in dental radiology.

PMID- 1076547
TI  - Preventive medicine in a dental setting: screening for hypertension and diabetes.

PMID- 1076548
TI  - Pin-retained buccal amalgam restorations.

PMID- 1076549
TI  - Alternatives to cast fixed occlusal reconstruction in advanced periodontal
      disease (II).

PMID- 1076550
TI  - An involved case for restorative dentistry.

PMID- 1076551
TI  - A rare, "walking" complete denture.

PMID- 1076552
TI  - An occlusal indicator in continuous use and trial for 15 years.

PMID- 1076553
TI  - Congenital ectodermal dysplasia with partial anodontia, anhydrosis and
      hypotrichosis: case report.

PMID- 1076554
TI  - The use of iodoform paste (Walkhoff method) in modern endodontic therapy.

PMID- 1076555
TI  - Attachment stabilization of the overdenture.

PMID- 1076556
TI  - A practical approach for monitoring patients' home care program.

PMID- 1076557
TI  - Pins--a review.

PMID- 1076558
TI  - Oral rehabilitation with a 14-unit ceramo-metallic prosthesis.

PMID- 1076559
TI  - Genetic aspects of periodontal disease.

PMID- 1076561
TI  - Oral prophylaxis in an institution for the mentally retarded.

PMID- 1076560
TI  - Cleansing and insulation of prepared surfaces. New research results and views on
      treating dentin.

PMID- 1076562
TI  - Drum-splint for fixation of a traumatized anterior tooth.

PMID- 1076563
TI  - A new type of pin.

PMID- 1076564
TI  - The use of sound in adjusting dental occlusion.

PMID- 1076566
TI  - Endosteal blade-vent implants.

PMID- 1076565
TI  - Cleansing and insulation of prepared surfaces. (II) New research results and
      views on treating dentin.

PMID- 1076567
TI  - Management of traumatic crown fractures with pulp involvement: an endodontic
      restorative method.

PMID- 1076568
TI  - Electrosurgical approach to creation of form and function in perio-prosthetics.

PMID- 1076569
TI  - Oral management of patients with xerostomia.

PMID- 1076570
TI  - Creating dentine in vital teeth.

PMID- 1076572
TI  - Vitreous carbon implants.

PMID- 1076571
TI  - A rational approach to myofunctional therapy.

PMID- 1076573
TI  - Giant cell reparative granuloma.

PMID- 1076574
TI  - Pin-retained amalgam foundations for anterior crowns.

PMID- 1076575
TI  - The importance of satisfactory preparation of the transitional (T-Plane) areas.

PMID- 1076576
TI  - Combined crozat-bonded labial light wire (I).

PMID- 1076577
TI  - Aphthous stomatitis as a featuring syndrome of emotional stress in dental
      treatment.

PMID- 1076578
TI  - The importance of edentulous radiographs.

PMID- 1076579
TI  - Keep your inventory under control.

PMID- 1076580
TI  - Premalignant and malignant changes in the lining of odontogenic cysts and its
      therapeutic consequences.

PMID- 1076581
TI  - [Instruction program: caries and periodontal prophylaxis].

PMID- 1076582
TI  - [Operative procedures in jaw surgery (I)].

PMID- 1076584
TI  - [The TMS-system. Screw pins. Systematic advances].

PMID- 1076583
TI  - [Endodontic failures due to inappropriate treatment technic].

PMID- 1076585
TI  - [The use of modified Troutman razor blade holders in periodontal surgery].

PMID- 1076586
TI  - [Interpretation of radiographs].

PMID- 1076587
TI  - [Possibilities of transdental and transradicular fixation in dental practice.
      (II) Transfixation in practice].

PMID- 1076589
TI  - [Positioning of front teeth in complete dentures (I)].

PMID- 1076588
TI  - [Cavity preparation concerns. II. Preparation methods and instruments].

PMID- 1076590
TI  - [Esthetic problems in preparation of artificial teeth (I)].

PMID- 1076591
TI  - [The formation of porcelain chewing surfaces and gnathological requirements (I)].

PMID- 1076593
TI  - [A fixator for preparation of activators].

PMID- 1076592
TI  - [Occlusal rehabilitation].

PMID- 1076594
TI  - [Cooperation between the dental technician and the dentist (!?)].

PMID- 1076595
TI  - [Miniaturization of jaw orthodontic screws].

PMID- 1076596
TI  - [Adhesives and adhesiveness].

PMID- 1076597
TI  - [Functional laboratory--an introduction in this section].

PMID- 1076599
TI  - [Duties of dental assistant at present].

PMID- 1076598
TI  - [The dental technician--evolution in the mechanics of health and social
      politics].

PMID- 1076600
TI  - [Technical possibilities in synthetic resin blending (I)].

PMID- 1076601
TI  - [Improved instruments for ceramic].

PMID- 1076602
TI  - [Use of flat wires for orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 1076604
TI  - [Growth modification of condyloform technic of Prof. Dr. A. Gerber, Zurich (I)].

PMID- 1076603
TI  - [Technic for preparation of a synthetic prosthesis].

PMID- 1076605
TI  - [Technical possibilities in synthetic resin blending (II)].

PMID- 1076606
TI  - [Preparation of an anterior retainer].

PMID- 1076607
TI  - [Beryllium in dental technic].

PMID- 1076609
TI  - [Positive and negative occurrences in courses and developing arrangements].

PMID- 1076608
TI  - [Problems of the control of dental technician work flow].

PMID- 1076610
TI  - [Prosthetic rehabilitation of a cleft patient with a "cover-denture"].

PMID- 1076611
TI  - [Technical improvements in production of bolts].

PMID- 1076612
TI  - [The technical possibilities of synthetic resin blending (III)].

PMID- 1076614
TI  - [Abrasion of blended synthetic resins].

PMID- 1076613
TI  - [The preparation of occlusal wire portions in jaw orthodontic plate appliances].

PMID- 1076615
TI  - [Sitting position in laboratory work place].

PMID- 1076616
TI  - [Esthetic problems in preparation of artificial teeth (II)].

PMID- 1076617
TI  - [The formation of porcelain chewing surfaces and gnathological requirements
      (II)].

PMID- 1076618
TI  - [Technics of porcelain chewing surface preparation and gnathological occlusion
      concepts].

PMID- 1076619
TI  - [Preparation of dimensionally accurate models].

PMID- 1076620
TI  - [The adhesion of blended plastics].

PMID- 1076621
TI  - [Conveyor system in the laboratory].

PMID- 1076622
TI  - [The technical laboratory. Its function in the dental field].

PMID- 1076623
TI  - [The formation of porcelain chewing surfaces and gnathological requirements
      (III)].

PMID- 1076625
TI  - [Polycarbonate foil 3 micrometer].

PMID- 1076624
TI  - [The question of feathered wires in preparation of jaw orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 1076626
TI  - [Dental assistants and laboratory technic].

PMID- 1076627
TI  - [The formation of porcelain chewing surfaces and gnathological requirements
      (IV)].

PMID- 1076628
TI  - [Anterior maxillary reconstruction].

PMID- 1076630
TI  - [Coatings and adhesives].

PMID- 1076629
TI  - [Production of distal- and protrusion-plates].

PMID- 1076631
TI  - [Dental prosthetics and tooth technic with reference to new agreements].

PMID- 1076632
TI  - [Pointers on preparation of activators].

PMID- 1076633
TI  - [Norms as a basis of a rational work plan].

PMID- 1076634
TI  - [Sources of error of concern with crowns].

PMID- 1076635
TI  - [Technical and clinical bases for the use of ceramics].

PMID- 1076636
TI  - [Pointers on the preparation of plate appliances (II)].

PMID- 1076637
TI  - [Gypsum paste].

PMID- 1076638
TI  - [Rotary instruments for dental technic (II)].

PMID- 1076639
TI  - [The question of stabilization of a new vertical dimension].

PMID- 1076640
TI  - [Maxillary anterior bridge].

PMID- 1076641
TI  - [Pointers on repair/extension of orthodontic appliances].

PMID- 1076642
TI  - [Magnetic stop of the Kalotte on a new simplex articulator].

PMID- 1076643
TI  - [Hygiene in the dental laboratory].

PMID- 1076644
TI  - [Stylized picture of procedure method using model of occlusal surfaces by use of
      principles of addition method (I)].

PMID- 1076645
TI  - [Dental ceramics in the USA (II)].

PMID- 1076646
TI  - [Demonstration of jaw orthodontic appliances and main indications and experiences
      in arrangement anomalies (I)].

PMID- 1076647
TI  - [Preparation of a tightly fastened apparatus (I)].

PMID- 1076648
TI  - [Gold loss in preparation of MOD-inlays].

PMID- 1076649
TI  - [Dental laboratory--resulting needs for the intermediate data technic].

PMID- 1076650
TI  - [Screws and their use in dentistry (II)].

PMID- 1076651
TI  - [Models of first part for a telescope sleeve crown].

PMID- 1076652
TI  - [Demonstration of jaw orthodontic appliances and main indications and experiences
      in arrangement anomalies (IV)].

PMID- 1076653
TI  - [Correct preparation sequence of use of synthetic resin in jaw orthodontic
      expansion plates].

PMID- 1076654
TI  - [Is a good working climate acquired?].

PMID- 1076655
TI  - [Concerns after an accident].

PMID- 1076656
TI  - [Screws and their use in dentistry (III)].

PMID- 1076657
TI  - [Demonstration of jaw orthodontic appliances and main indications and experiences
      in arrangement anomalies (V)].

PMID- 1076658
TI  - [Criteria for optimum expansion screw construction].

PMID- 1076660
TI  - [Orthodontic prevention].

PMID- 1076659
TI  - [Description of fixed and removable prosthetic work completed in the school year
      1973-1974].

PMID- 1076661
TI  - [Orthodontic prevention. II].

PMID- 1076662
TI  - Dental assistants and laboratory technology.

PMID- 1076663
TI  - Adjusting the mandibular incisors of a poodle.

PMID- 1076664
TI  - Periodontal damage caused by cast dentures, and its prevention (II).

PMID- 1076665
TI  - Clinical and laboratory aspects of cast crown technique--permissible non
      permissible corrections on the model (II).

PMID- 1076666
TI  - Telescope crowns and attachments in partial dentures (II).

PMID- 1076667
TI  - Technical problems in the preparation of a milled bar.

PMID- 1076669
TI  - Tips for the laboratory.

PMID- 1076668
TI  - Fabrication of a carrier for metal components of metallo-ceramic designs.

PMID- 1076670
TI  - Construction of fixed appliances (II).

PMID- 1076671
TI  - Is the use of cold curing polymers justifiable in the production of definitive
      dentures?

PMID- 1076672
TI  - Epoxy model and die production.

PMID- 1076673
TI  - [X radiation--protection for the patient and for the clinician].

PMID- 1076674
TI  - [Mucoepidermoid carcinoma].

PMID- 1076675
TI  - [Study "in vitro" of the impermeabilizing action and radiographic aspects of
      silver ferrocyanide in root canal therapy].

PMID- 1076676
TI  - [Electrochemical behavior of amalgams obtained with shavings of different shapes
      and sizes in relation to gold alloys. I. Microphotographic study].

PMID- 1076677
TI  - [Mandibular prognathism].

PMID- 1076678
TI  - [Bleaching of discolored pulpless teeth. Use of superoxol, sodium perborate and
      others (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076679
TI  - [Biology of the tooth-periodontal unit and its relationship to the oral
      environment].

PMID- 1076680
TI  - [Contribution to the study of a sintered gold alloy for direct fillings (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076682
TI  - [Histophysiology of the dentin-pulp complex (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076681
TI  - [Programming and control of activities of the operative dentistry clinic at the
      "Faculdade de Farmacia e Odontologia de Ribeirao Preto-Junior Classe--1972].

PMID- 1076683
TI  - [Pathogenesis of pulp changes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076684
TI  - [Radiology in endodontics. Roentgenographic techniques (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076685
TI  - [Radiology in endodontics. Radiologic interpretation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076686
TI  - [Diagnosis and prognosis of dental pulp changes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076687
TI  - [Routine endodontic treatment (auhor's transl)].

PMID- 1076688
TI  - [Emergency endodontic treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076689
TI  - [Use of high frequency in oral surgery].

PMID- 1076690
TI  - [Importance of dental congresses].

PMID- 1076691
TI  - [Root canal obturation].

PMID- 1076692
TI  - [Behavior of the stomatogenathic system during various orthodontic therapeutic
      measures].

PMID- 1076693
TI  - [Interview with Dr. Jose V. Menendez].

PMID- 1076694
TI  - [A case of primary intraosseous epithelioma of the mandible].

PMID- 1076695
TI  - [Structure of the dental tubule].

PMID- 1076696
TI  - [Pathogenicity of gingival hyperplasia].

PMID- 1076697
TI  - [Compound odontoma].

PMID- 1076698
TI  - [Odontogenic tumors].

PMID- 1076699
TI  - [Differences between healthy and carious teeth; biochemical and immunological
      study].

PMID- 1076700
TI  - [Reconstruction of the losses of mandibular continuity].

PMID- 1076701
TI  - [Details of daily practice].

PMID- 1076702
TI  - [Interview with Prof. Juan-Pedro Moreno Gonzalez, new professor of dental
      prophylaxis and orthodontics].

PMID- 1076703
TI  - [Immunological aspects of periodontal disease].

PMID- 1076704
TI  - [Exposure of the patient to X-rays in dental radiography].

PMID- 1076706
TI  - [Cryosurgery. Introduction to its biological basis].

PMID- 1076705
TI  - [The process of tubular hypercalcification].

PMID- 1076707
TI  - [Endoperiodontia].

PMID- 1076708
TI  - [Possibilities of skeletal fixation of maxillofacial fractures by means of
      metallic helmets].

PMID- 1076709
TI  - [Oral manifestations in systemic diseases].

PMID- 1076710
TI  - [Periodontal therapeutics. Frenotomy and vestibular deepening].

PMID- 1076711
TI  - Effects of 131 INa and thyroxine on rat growth. I. Body weight and encephalic
      volume.

PMID- 1076712
TI  - [Histochemical study of the rat major silvary glands after preservation with some
      liquid fixatives].

PMID- 1076713
TI  - [Effects of exhaustion on weight of the encephalon of the rat].

PMID- 1076714
TI  - [Connective tissue reaction to the implantation of Y-O eugenol containing
      periodontal dressing previously stored in freeze chamber. Morphological study in
      rats].

PMID- 1076715
TI  - [The influence of environmental changes on the central nervous system].

PMID- 1076716
TI  - [Prednisolone effect on wound healing in dental socket. Histological study in
      rats].

PMID- 1076717
TI  - [Glycemia and proteinemia in rats submitted to sialoadenectomy and salivary
      glands duct ligation].

PMID- 1076718
TI  - [Glycogen distribution in oral epithelium of newborn rats from sialoadenectomized
      dams. Histochemical study].

PMID- 1076719
TI  - [Reimplantation of incisors and cyclophosphamide administration. Clinical and
      radiographic study in rats].

PMID- 1076720
TI  - The effect of transplacentally acquired tetracycline on calcium and phosphorus
      content of the long bones of newborn and 15-day-old mice.

PMID- 1076721
TI  - [Effect of the reutilization of laboratory duplicating materials on their
      dimensional stability].

PMID- 1076722
TI  - [Effect of the rise in temperature on the water absorption of an ethylene imine
      material and a direct filling acrylic resin].

PMID- 1076723
TI  - [Determination of the residual monomer in self-curing resins when submitted to
      chemical polishing method].

PMID- 1076724
TI  - [Simplified treatment for maxillary alveolar prognathism].

PMID- 1076726
TI  - [Temporomandibular joint, its development and importance in orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 1076725
TI  - [Surgery and orthodontics in the treatment of unerupted maxillary cuspids].

PMID- 1076727
TI  - [Course in periodontics].

PMID- 1076728
TI  - [Occlusion and oral rehabilitation: pathology of the neuromuscular system].

PMID- 1076729
TI  - [Study of cleft lip surgery 1969-1975. St Francis of Assissi Hospital, Sincelejo
      (Sucre)].

PMID- 1076730
TI  - [Evaluation of hypnosis and psychosomatic medicine in dental therapeutics].

PMID- 1076731
TI  - [The ICFES and dentistry].

PMID- 1076732
TI  - [Silicate cements: the effects of some beverages (wine, beer and lemon juice) on
      the solubility and disintegration of these cements evaluated by means of
      phosphate percentage].

PMID- 1076733
TI  - [Polyethers: a bibliographic review].

PMID- 1076734
TI  - [Distribution of dentists, prosthetic laboratories by zones and streets,
      boulevards and squares in the municipality of Sao Jose dos Campos, State of Sao
      Paulo].

PMID- 1076736
TI  - [Esthetics].

PMID- 1076735
TI  - [Dental growth (eruption) and attrition in rodents studied especially in the Prea
      -Cavia aperea aperea--Erxleben--1977 (Rodentia)].

PMID- 1076737
TI  - [Determination and measurement of the compensating curves and the condylar
      sagittal trajectory in partially edentulous patients. Equipment used].

PMID- 1076738
TI  - [Parotid gland and facial nerve; their relationship].

PMID- 1076739
TI  - [Individual tray--bite impression in the bilaterally edentulous posterior].

PMID- 1076740
TI  - [Neuron network models of the respiratory center (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076742
TI  - [Power and limitations of averaging method for measuring twitch waveforms of
      motor units (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076741
TI  - [Simultaneous measurement system of pupil reflex, eye movement, and lens power
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076743
TI  - [Simulation study of oxygen transport with intermittent capillary blood flow in
      the skeletal muscle (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076744
TI  - [Study on phosphate bonded investment on setting mechanism, composition and
      particle size of raw material and physical properties (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076745
TI  - [Synthesis and crystal structure of cadmium hydrogen phosphate hydrate (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076746
TI  - [Evaluation of biological property of polymers by tissue culture method (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076747
TI  - [Measurement of denture base deflection by holography (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076748
TI  - [Some studies on reinforcement effectiveness of composite denture base (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076749
TI  - Pregnancy maintenance by continuous intravenous infusion of progesterone and
      estradiol to ovariectomized rats.

PMID- 1076750
TI  - Discharge patterns of motor units in tremor status.

PMID- 1076752
TI  - A new structure counting technique of alternant hydrocarbons containing cyclic
      conjugated system.

PMID- 1076751
TI  - [Perfusion temperature monitoring transducer using zero-heat-flow method
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076753
TI  - [Studies on the cutting resistance and the fracture strength of the pulp canal
      reamers (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076754
TI  - [Flexural properties of denture base resin by hybrid composite (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076756
TI  - [Studies on pupillary control system (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076755
TI  - [On the segregation of silver brazing alloys (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076757
TI  - [Synthetic studies on antiatherogenic agents (II) syntheses of carbamate
      derivative of phthalazinones (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076758
TI  - [Synthetic studies on antiatherogenic agents (III) syntheses of carbamate
      derivative of quinazolinones (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076759
TI  - No pregnancy-maintaining activity of synthesized delta-5-steroids, 1 alpha, 3
      beta-dihydroxypreng-5-en-20-one and 2 alpha, 3 beta-dihydroxypregn-5-en-20-one,
      in ovariectomized rats.

PMID- 1076761
TI  - [Identification of nonlinear multiple in put-output system].

PMID- 1076760
TI  - [Quick charger for implantable Ni-Cd battery system (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076762
TI  - [Implantable socket for long-term percutaneous electrical pathways (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076763
TI  - [Development of artificial heart and its driving pressure control system for the
      improvement of circulatory autoregulation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076764
TI  - [Analysis on inflow mechanism of artificial heart and the effect of artificial
      atrium (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076765
TI  - [Development of admittance plethysmograph and its applications (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1076766
TI  - Identification and structural estimation of nonlinear multiple input-output
      system by volterra functional series.

PMID- 1076767
TI  - [The possibility of ordering the output of the nonlinear system characterized by
      the volterra finite functional series].

PMID- 1076768
TI  - Mathematical appraoch to the brain-hypophyseal-gonadal system in adult female
      rats.

PMID- 1076769
TI  - [Study on dental mold materials for a partial and full denture. (II) Gypsum
      composites (author's transl)].

PMID- 1076770
TI  - [Emigration of the Peruvian dentist].

PMID- 1076771
TI  - ["Society verses university"].

PMID- 1076772
TI  - [The problem of learning about oral cancer; a proposal].

PMID- 1076773
TI  - [Learning about functions].

PMID- 1076774
TI  - Rural promotors of oral health: "country dentists".

PMID- 1076775
TI  - [Fluorinated dentifrices for the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 1076776
TI  - [Dependence and educational policy].

PMID- 1076777
TI  - ["Symptomatological study" of a school of dentistry and community].

PMID- 1076778
TI  - [Realization of simplification in Latin American dentistry].

PMID- 1076780
TI  - [Basic plan for periodontal treatment].

PMID- 1076779
TI  - [Individual plaque of acrylic resin for cranioplasty].

PMID- 1076781
TI  - [Incidence of early loss of deciduous molars].

PMID- 1076782
TI  - [Ameloblastoma (study of a case)].

PMID- 1076783
TI  - [Antiseptic properties of different root canal filling pastes].

PMID- 1076784
TI  - [Use of chemicals, alcohol, listerine, mercurochrome, Merthiolate in the
      disinfection of dental rubber dam as integral part of absolute isolation of
      operative field].

PMID- 1076785
TI  - [Lateral dermoid cyst on floor of the mouth].

PMID- 1076786
TI  - [Rubber dam. Success in its use].

PMID- 1076787
TI  - [Sublingual dermoid cyst].

PMID- 1076788
TI  - [Bucco-maxillo-facial trauma. Immediate treatment].

PMID- 1076789
TI  - [Standardized endodontic instrumentation--comparative study of instruments by the
      same brand and different origins].

PMID- 1076790
TI  - [Psychological aspects of the oral cavity].

PMID- 1076791
TI  - [Evaluation of the margin sealing efficiency of root canals--influence of
      variables introduced in the method of lateral condensation].

PMID- 1076792
TI  - [Radiographic aspects of some anatomical details obtained with 2 panoramic
      instruments].

PMID- 1076793
TI  - [Classification of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1076795
TI  - [Professional associations in clinical dentistry].

PMID- 1076794
TI  - [Vitamin deficiencies, oral mucosa lesions and changes in periodontal tissue].

PMID- 1076796
TI  - [Dental record for clinical use in the dental office].

PMID- 1076797
TI  - [Clinics and percentages].

PMID- 1076798
TI  - [Stock control].

PMID- 1076800
TI  - [How to obtain more promptness of payments by patients].

PMID- 1076799
TI  - [Establishing professional fees in dentistry].

PMID- 1076801
TI  - [The significance of ectodermal-mesenchymal induction in the actual diagnosis and
      classification of odontogenic tumors].

PMID- 1076802
TI  - [Some experience with the R.T. instrument in gnath-orthopedics].

PMID- 1076803
TI  - [Histochemical aspects of the mucous secretory activity of the duct cells of
      salivary glands].

PMID- 1076804
TI  - [A case of lateral dermoid cyst].

PMID- 1076805
TI  - [Double dens in dente bilateral of the upper incisal region].

PMID- 1076806
TI  - [Therapy of Class II division I according to Cervera (Preorthodontic period)].

PMID- 1076808
TI  - [Let us make a point in conservation].

PMID- 1076807
TI  - [Hyperglycemia due to oral influence on glucose and periodontal disease].

PMID- 1076809
TI  - [Use of cryotherapy in stomatology and maxillofacial surgery: preliminary note].

PMID- 1076810
TI  - [Disturbances of facial growth and malocclusion].

PMID- 1076811
TI  - [Esthetics and orthodontics].

PMID- 1076812
TI  - [Centric relation and muscular spasms].

PMID- 1076814
TI  - [Another contribution to the application of electroherd test in the diagnosis of
      focal infection with use of more suitable instrumentation].

PMID- 1076813
TI  - [Cephalometric analysis of craniofacial architecture].

PMID- 1076815
TI  - [Dimensional measures of plaster samples obtained with elastic materials (c)].

PMID- 1076816
TI  - [Elastic masses: elasticity tests].

PMID- 1076817
TI  - [Elastic masses: dimensional stability].

PMID- 1076818
TI  - [Dimensional measures of plaster samples obtained with silicone impressions (b)].

PMID- 1076819
TI  - [Elastic masses: attitudes to increase fine detail].

PMID- 1076820
TI  - [Biological activity of the elastic mass for impression action of samples of
      microbial cultures obtained from saliva and plaque samples].

PMID- 1076821
TI  - [A case of contact dermatitis with elastomers].

PMID- 1076822
TI  - [Incision and sutures in oral surgery].

PMID- 1076823
TI  - [Salivary immunoglobulins in relation to orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 1076824
TI  - [New technics for the early diagnosis of tumors of the oral cavity].

PMID- 1076825
TI  - Finishing procedures and their effect on composite resins.

PMID- 1076826
TI  - Single-breath pulmonary diffusing capacity. Reference values and application in
      connective tissue diseases and in various lung diseases.
AB  - 1.1. Diffusing capacity of the lungs was measured by using a Mark 4 Resparameter.
      The single-breath diffusing capacity (D) for carbon monoxide was found to be
      dependent on the lung volume (VA) during the breath-hold. The same applied to
      D/VA and to the time constant (tau) for carbon monoxide uptake. This confirms the
      theoretical considerations and the results of other investigators. This effect
      should be taken into account especially when making serial determinations of D on
      the same subject. 1.2. The repeatability of the method was found to be reasonably
      good; the coefficient of variation was about 4% in normal subjects, as well as in
      a series of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 1.3. The effect of the correction
      for haemoglobin concentration was calculated and tabulated for a set of possible
      values of DM/Vc and haemoglobin. This correction did not reduce the scatter of D
      values in normal subjects, but it was adopted for clinical use for theoretical
      reasons. Caution in its use and interpretation of the correction is emphasized.
      2.1. Healthy males and females, 20-69 years of age, were examined to establish
      reference values for the D measurement. Multiple linear regression equations were
      calculated stepwise, and equations based on age and height were then used in the
      clinical prediction equations. Similarly, prediction equations were calculated
      for clinical spirometry. 2.2. The prediction equations were compared with some
      published reference values. The equations provide a basis for the evaluation of
      the effect of various factors, such as age and smoking, in different populations.
      3.1. Respiratory function, clinical symptoms and chest x-ray findings were
      examined in patients with connective tissue diseases. Three different
      investigations were thus formed: a) consecutive patients (free of lung disease
      other than that possibly due to a connective tissue disease) with definite
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA, 21 cases), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, 18 cases)
      or scleroderma (SCL, 6 cases) were subjected to detailed tests. b) 129 patients
      from the Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, Heinola, Finland, were subjected to
      measurement of diffusing capacity and vital capacity in addition to chest
      radiography and routine clinical assessment c) the histological findings on 12
      patients subjected to a needle biopsy of the lung in order to exclude other
      conditions were compared with the results of diffusing capacity and x-ray
      examinations. 3.2. Restrictive impairment of the respiratory function was the
      general finding in all of these groups. The reduction in diffusing capacity was
      out of proportion to the reduction in lung volume, however, in most cases with
      abnormally low values. Low D values were encountered in about half of the RA and
      SLE and in all of the SCL patients in group a, and in 13% of the "average" RA
      patients studied in Heinola. The typical histological finding in patients with
      reduced D was a thickening of the alveolar wall...

PMID- 1076827
TI  - Polypharmacy.

PMID- 1076828
TI  - The two anoxias.

PMID- 1076829
TI  - [Surgical treatment of jaw injuries. Procedures at the dental polyclinic in
      Halmstad].

PMID- 1076830
TI  - [Sugar substitutes -- cariogenic?].

PMID- 1076831
TI  - [Saturday snack].

PMID- 1076832
TI  - [Orthodontic care. Diastema mediale--a multicausal symptom].

PMID- 1076833
TI  - [Is orthodontic correction always necessary in the treatment of scoliosis with
      the Milwaukee brace?].

PMID- 1076834
TI  - [Basic equipment for interceptive orthodontics].

PMID- 1076835
TI  - [Dental insurances in Europe].

PMID- 1076836
TI  - [Soviet dentistry].

PMID- 1076837
TI  - [Oral health of 8-year-old children. Comparative study of Swedish and Finnish
      children].

PMID- 1076838
TI  - [Follow-up of course evaluation].

PMID- 1076839
TI  - [Premedication in oral surgery. Are we using tranquilizing agents in a reasonable
      way?].

PMID- 1076840
TI  - The mentally retarded patient. You can catch more flies with honey....

PMID- 1076841
TI  - This essay is no essay. A final eclectic wandering into the jungle of teeth.

PMID- 1076842
TI  - Tomorrow's dental therapeutics. Dentistry in the year 2001.

PMID- 1076844
TI  - Surface ultrastructure of human soft palate epithelium.

PMID- 1076843
TI  - [Should the inflammatory process resulting from minor oral surgery be prevented
      or controlled?].

PMID- 1076845
TI  - Endodontics 1973: a review.

PMID- 1076846
TI  - Rontgenological diagnosis.

PMID- 1076847
TI  - Dental materials, 1973: a review of the literature: II.

PMID- 1076848
TI  - Opening address.

PMID- 1076849
TI  - Dental aspiration syringes.

PMID- 1076850
TI  - Oral cysticercosis: three case reports.

PMID- 1076851
TI  - The effect of orthodontic tooth movement on the root morphology.

PMID- 1076852
TI  - A rationale for the stabilization of mobile teeth in advanced periodontal
      disease.

PMID- 1076853
TI  - [Significant tooth abnormalities].

PMID- 1076854
TI  - The development of the epithelium of the junction between the skin and vermilion
      border of the lip.

PMID- 1076856
TI  - [Literature review--oral pathology 1973].

PMID- 1076855
TI  - Roentgenological diagnosis.

PMID- 1076857
TI  - Rontgenological diagnosis.

PMID- 1076858
TI  - A technique for the radiographic assessment of marginal alveolar bone.

PMID- 1076859
TI  - Health awareness--our obligation.

PMID- 1076860
TI  - A macroscopic and microscopic study of the development of the rat palate
      including the soft palate.

PMID- 1076861
TI  - Maxillo-facial and oral surgery: a survey of the 1974 literature.

PMID- 1076862
TI  - A survey on fractures of the mandible.

PMID- 1076863
TI  - Rontgenological diagnosis.

PMID- 1076865
TI  - Professional responsibility.

PMID- 1076864
TI  - [The enigmatic partial denture].

PMID- 1076866
TI  - Effects of tanderil (oxyphenbutazone), chymoral (proteolytic enzymes) and placebo
      in the control of swelling, trismus and pain after the removal of impacted wisdom
      teeth.

PMID- 1076867
TI  - A cephalometric study of foetal skulls.

PMID- 1076868
TI  - The immune response and periodontal disease--a review of the literature.

PMID- 1076869
TI  - [Rontgenological diagnosis].

PMID- 1076870
TI  - Evaluation of adverse reactions to local anaesthetics: a survey of the literature
      and a report of a clinical investigation.

PMID- 1076871
TI  - Fluoridation: a review of the 1974 literature.

PMID- 1076872
TI  - Rontgenological diagnosis.

PMID- 1076873
TI  - [Comparison of the effects of elokron on oral mucosa and some internal organs in
      rats].

PMID- 1076874
TI  - [Clinico-statistical study of caries in children with diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1076875
TI  - [Some problems in the treatment of abrasio dentis].

PMID- 1076876
TI  - [Comparative study of fluoride introduction in dental enamel by rubbing and
      electrophoresis].

PMID- 1076877
TI  - [Postoperative effect of local anesthesia for pulpectomy].

PMID- 1076878
TI  - [A plate for the fixation of X-ray films for dental roentgenographies in dogs
      with a view to radiation prevention of working personnel].

PMID- 1076879
TI  - [Normal pigmentation of oral mucosa in Ethiopians].

PMID- 1076881
TI  - [Effect of hereditary factors upon norm deviation in dentition and occlusion].

PMID- 1076880
TI  - [A case of multiple hyperdontia].

PMID- 1076882
TI  - [Incidence of bruxism in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1076883
TI  - [Treatment of mandibular retrognathism by extraction of permanent teeth].

PMID- 1076884
TI  - [Rare case of telangiectasic hemangioma of soft palate].

PMID- 1076885
TI  - [Abrasiveness test for approval of dentifrice].

PMID- 1076886
TI  - [Microbiological testing of toothpastes].

PMID- 1076887
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of gingival papillae in human experimental gingivitis
      due to poor oral health].

PMID- 1076888
TI  - [A contribution to the study of the antiphlogistic effect of furin-M].

PMID- 1076889
TI  - [Certain morphological peculiarities of 1st molars in human dentition].

PMID- 1076890
TI  - [The shape of the mandibular canal].

PMID- 1076891
TI  - [Bruxism and maxillofacial anomalies and deformities].

PMID- 1076892
TI  - [Topography of the temporomandibular joint in deep bite established by
      roentgenography].

PMID- 1076893
TI  - [Histomorphological studies on experimental chronic periodontitis].

PMID- 1076894
TI  - [Treatment of diastema].

PMID- 1076895
TI  - [Experimental studies on the effect of lidocaine concentration on tissue cultures
      and dental pulp in analgesia and electrophoresis].

PMID- 1076896
TI  - [School dentistry. Forms of prophylactic examinations].

PMID- 1076897
TI  - [Identification methods in forensic dentistry].

PMID- 1076898
TI  - [Neutron activation analysis of the waters of Mericleri, Hissar and Ovostnik
      spa].

PMID- 1076899
TI  - Hope for the queasy.

PMID- 1076901
TI  - Acclimatization and high altitude medical problems in Antarctica.

PMID- 1076900
TI  - Let's stop prescribing cold medications.

PMID- 1076903
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of migraine.

PMID- 1076902
TI  - Residual odontogenic keratinizing cyst: report of a case.

PMID- 1076904
TI  - Halothane: deadly drug of abuse.

PMID- 1076905
TI  - Radicular cyst: report of a case.

PMID- 1076906
TI  - [Duties to answer workers in radiography].

PMID- 1076907
TI  - [Endodontics or exodontia? Root canal therapy with iodine silver method].

PMID- 1076908
TI  - [Emergencies in dental practice].

PMID- 1076909
TI  - [Chronic progressive polyarthritis with involvement of the temperomandibular
      joint].

PMID- 1076910
TI  - [Treatment of chronic periapical periodontitis with phenyl mercury-borate].

PMID- 1076911
TI  - [A new ultraviolet light source with a flexible light guide for quick hardening
      of adhesive resins].

PMID- 1076912
TI  - [Architectural radiation protection].

PMID- 1076913
TI  - [One tooth implantation].

PMID- 1076914
TI  - [The diagonal angle: a report on jaw orthopedics diagnosis and prognosis].

PMID- 1076915
TI  - [Filling with prepared capsules].

PMID- 1076917
TI  - [Problems with injection materials in hospitals and dental offices from a
      hygienic view].

PMID- 1076916
TI  - [Twenty-years of experience with implantation].

PMID- 1076918
TI  - [One-time article in dental practice].

PMID- 1076919
TI  - [Transfixation].

PMID- 1076920
TI  - [Adamantoma, problematic odontogenic tumors].

PMID- 1076921
TI  - [Significance of intraoral radiation adsorption in periodontal diagnosis].

PMID- 1076922
TI  - [Basic principles of enossal implantation].

PMID- 1076923
TI  - [Chemotherapy of bacterial infection in dental practice. Field study with co
      trimoxazol].

PMID- 1076924
TI  - [Palatinal pain relief by extractions in maxilla].

PMID- 1076925
TI  - [Focus of disease in maxillo-facial area. Report of 5-year study].

PMID- 1076926
TI  - [Enossal blade implants].

PMID- 1076927
TI  - [Dental auxiliaries. Advances for auxiliaries--Prophylaxis in foreground].

PMID- 1076928
TI  - [Aged and illness].

PMID- 1076929
TI  - [Bacterial activity of dental medications].

PMID- 1076930
TI  - [Trigeminal neuralgia. A common problem in practice and clinic].

PMID- 1076931
TI  - [International dentistry: A diamond jubilee].

PMID- 1076932
TI  - [Needle implants. Clinical advances and controls].

PMID- 1076933
TI  - [Osteosynthetic advances in jaw area].

PMID- 1076934
TI  - [Rationale of towel hygiene in dental practice].

PMID- 1076935
TI  - [Helical tantalum screws by Heinrich].

PMID- 1076936
TI  - [Principles and possibilities in jaw orthopedic treatment].

PMID- 1076937
TI  - [Prevention with a lower lip shield].

PMID- 1076938
TI  - [The stabilized ring-implant by Heinrich].

PMID- 1076939
TI  - [Pharmacotherapie in advanced age (I)].

PMID- 1076940
TI  - [Biometallic and cytotoxicologic studies of implants].

PMID- 1076941
TI  - [Statistics of jaw fractures in area of multiple injuries].

PMID- 1076942
TI  - [Development of a dental radiography instrument and exposure technic under
      considerations of panoramic use].

PMID- 1076944
TI  - [Therapy of parafunctions].

PMID- 1076943
TI  - [Myopathies in masticatory organ].

PMID- 1076945
TI  - [Natural and civilization resultant radiation exposure].

PMID- 1076946
TI  - [Focal infection in tooth-mouth- and jaw area and its diagnosis].

PMID- 1076947
TI  - [Self hinderance--the most frequent construction error of removable orthodontic
      appliances].

PMID- 1076948
TI  - [Periodontopathies and vitamin deficiency].

PMID- 1076949
TI  - [Introduction to radiation regulation (I)].

PMID- 1076950
TI  - [The rule of jaw orthopedics in the therapy of temporomandibular joint problems].

PMID- 1076952
TI  - [Introduction to radiography regulations (II)].

PMID- 1076951
TI  - [Diagnostic possibilities of electro-acupuncture in dentistry].

PMID- 1076953
TI  - [Prophylactic measures in pedodontic practice. Fluoride use and sealing of
      fissures].

PMID- 1076954
TI  - [Mouthwash in clinical test].

PMID- 1076955
TI  - [Milk teeth. Problems of anesthesia and extraction technic].

PMID- 1076956
TI  - [Official procedures and tests of initiation of radiography equipment].

PMID- 1076958
TI  - [Problems of root treatment].

PMID- 1076957
TI  - [Kalotte-fixation for repositioning and extension bands].

PMID- 1076959
TI  - [Conservative treatment methods of endangered pulp].

PMID- 1076960
TI  - [Infiltration therapy. Methods and indications].

PMID- 1076961
TI  - [Impression materials].

PMID- 1076962
TI  - [Development of continuing education using modern communications media].

PMID- 1076963
TI  - [Biological effects of ionizing radiation].

PMID- 1076964
TI  - [Physical-therapeutic values in dentistry].

PMID- 1076965
TI  - [Impartial product evaluation of composite resins].

PMID- 1076966
TI  - [Preparation for the operation].

PMID- 1076967
TI  - [Physical-therapeutic methods in dentistry].

PMID- 1076968
TI  - [Roentgen rays--ionizing rays].

PMID- 1076969
TI  - [Principles of operative treatment. Surgical removal of roots and root pieces].

PMID- 1076970
TI  - [Plastic surgery repair of oroantral fistulas].

PMID- 1076971
TI  - [Radiation protection measures in dental practice].

PMID- 1076972
TI  - [Periorbital fractures].

PMID- 1076973
TI  - [Pharmocotherapie in treatment and prevention of diseases in advanced age (II)].

PMID- 1076974
TI  - [Oral rehabilitation by C.B.S. implants by Sandhaus].

PMID- 1076975
TI  - [Test of biological activity of light from a newly developed UV-lamp for quick
      cure in photopolymerization].

PMID- 1076976
TI  - [Amalgam damage diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1076977
TI  - [A chewing gum as a prophylaxis medium for protection of teeth].

PMID- 1076978
TI  - [Eyelid emphysema after dental treatment].

PMID- 1076979
TI  - [Physical therapy in jaw- face region].

PMID- 1076980
TI  - [Roentgen ray damage. Risks and risk significance].

PMID- 1076981
TI  - [Cryosurgery in leukoplakia of the mouth mucous membrane].

PMID- 1076982
TI  - [Learning effect in 5-year-old kindergardeners after a 6-week prophylaxis
      program].

PMID- 1076983
TI  - [Pathohistology of dental caries].

PMID- 1076984
TI  - [The mouth as a mirror of internal diseases (I). Hematologic diseases].

PMID- 1076985
TI  - [Bandages. Indications and use in dental surgery].

PMID- 1076986
TI  - [Electrosurgery].

PMID- 1076987
TI  - [Thermoregulation diagnosis in dentistry].

PMID- 1076988
TI  - [The mouth as a mirror of internal diseases (II) Infections specific to the
      mouth].

PMID- 1076989
TI  - [Acupuncture analgesia in jaw region].

PMID- 1076991
TI  - [Etiology and therapy of periodontopathies].

PMID- 1076990
TI  - [Radiation protection laws, radiation protection apparatus, and radiation
      protection devices].

PMID- 1076992
TI  - [Trauma in childhood].

PMID- 1076993
TI  - [Causes and development of hypodontia].

PMID- 1076994
TI  - [The aging person (I). Anthropological sketch].

PMID- 1076995
TI  - [Variability of artificial roots].

PMID- 1076996
TI  - [Extraction as jaw orthopedic treatment method].

PMID- 1076997
TI  - [Radiography equipment and exposure methods in dentistry].

PMID- 1076998
TI  - [Radiographic film and its processing].

PMID- 1076999
TI  - [Jaw fracture splints].

PMID- 1077000
TI  - [Dental focal infection and its connection with medicine of the total person].

PMID- 1077001
TI  - [Treatment fear of the patient as a part of the psychopathologic disease
      picture].

PMID- 1077002
TI  - [Prevention and therapy of mucogingival problems (I)].

PMID- 1077003
TI  - [Pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts].

PMID- 1077004
TI  - [Prevention and therapy of muco gingival problems (II). Mucogingival surgery].

PMID- 1077005
TI  - [Hereditary enamel and dentin hypoplasia].

PMID- 1077006
TI  - [Electron microscopy studies of gingival changes during pregnancy].

PMID- 1077007
TI  - [Real aspects of focal infection].

PMID- 1077008
TI  - [The aging person (II). Anthropological sketch].

PMID- 1077009
TI  - [Use of fluorescence in dental practice].

PMID- 1077010
TI  - [Significance of parafunctions. Character and meaning].

PMID- 1077011
TI  - [Disinfection, purification and sterilization of instruments in dental practice].

PMID- 1077012
TI  - [Expedient furnishings and arrangements in a dental practice].

PMID- 1077014
TI  - [Physical therapy].

PMID- 1077013
TI  - [Margosa bark extract for inflammatory mucous membrane diseases].

PMID- 1077016
TI  - [Panoramic exposures].

PMID- 1077015
TI  - [Indications and application possibilities of a chlorhexidine in dentistry.
      Review of the literature].

PMID- 1077017
TI  - [Allergy-immunology].

PMID- 1077019
TI  - [Treatment after the "regulation of the medical art"].

PMID- 1077018
TI  - [Only deficient information or research, the performance after the "regulation of
      the dental art" is the leveling process?].

PMID- 1077020
TI  - [Jaw orthodontic problems in general dental practice and consideration of
      treatment of tooth position and bite anormalies. II].

PMID- 1077021
TI  - [Treatment of reduced space with the help of circular bridges].

PMID- 1077022
TI  - [Jaw orthodontic problems in general dental practice and consideration of
      treatment of tooth position and bite anomalies. III].

PMID- 1077023
TI  - [Allowable and unallowable corrections of crown-preparation models].

PMID- 1077024
TI  - [Toothbrushing].

PMID- 1077025
TI  - [Seated work and a prone patient].

PMID- 1077026
TI  - [Are bio-porcelains replacing metal? Experiments with new implantation work].

PMID- 1077027
TI  - [Invisible crowns of artificial resins or metallo-ceramic?].

PMID- 1077028
TI  - [Laboratory and material costs in new prosthetic contracts].

PMID- 1077029
TI  - [Virologists want more immunisations].

PMID- 1077031
TI  - [Auriculo--medicine--auriculo--therapy].

PMID- 1077030
TI  - [Jaw orthodontic problems in the general dental practice and consideration of
      treatment of tooth position and bite anomalies].

PMID- 1077032
TI  - [Testing the analgesic, Octadon-N, in dentistry].

PMID- 1077033
TI  - [First experience with electro-acupuncture analgesia in dental and jaw surgery
      area].

PMID- 1077034
TI  - [The Inlay].

PMID- 1077035
TI  - [L-Dopa discoverer Birkmayer "unmasks" acupunture].

PMID- 1077036
TI  - [Iodine needs in West Germany].

PMID- 1077037
TI  - [The shock word "cost explosion in the health field"].

PMID- 1077038
TI  - [The inlay].

PMID- 1077039
TI  - [Cleaning and care of prostheses].

PMID- 1077040
TI  - [Space maintainers].

PMID- 1077041
TI  - [Prophylaxis aids].

PMID- 1077042
TI  - [The impacted wisdom tooth].

PMID- 1077043
TI  - [Prescriptions for narcotics].

PMID- 1077044
TI  - [The risk patient].

PMID- 1077045
TI  - [Dental practice and market].

PMID- 1077046
TI  - [Drug dose and "galeoric" packaging].

PMID- 1077047
TI  - [Antibiotic prescriptions].

PMID- 1077048
TI  - [Specifications of liquidation of dental treatment bills].

PMID- 1077049
TI  - [Analysis of the technics used for surgical treatment of edentulous mouth before
      prosthesis].

PMID- 1077050
TI  - [Influence of the water/powder ratio in the compressive resistance of plaster
      manufactured in Venezuela].

PMID- 1077051
TI  - [Dentistry: an evaluation in its total social sense].

PMID- 1077052
TI  - [A study of the effect of root canal dead space and debris on periapical tissue].

PMID- 1077053
TI  - [Study on development of dental model material with water-soluble
      methylolmelamine resin].

PMID- 1077054
TI  - [New impression material for duplicating models (I)].

PMID- 1077055
TI  - [An experimental investigation on the measurement of strains in cast clasps using
      strain gauges].

PMID- 1077056
TI  - [Observation of 3 roots of bilateral upper first bicuspids].

PMID- 1077057
TI  - [A case of eruption hematoma].

PMID- 1077058
TI  - [Ultrastructural modifications of pulp fibroblasts after 5-fluorouracil
      administration (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077059
TI  - [Periodontal disease and the conception of common periodontal disease (CPD)
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077060
TI  - [Cemento ossifying fibroma--report of case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077061
TI  - [Induction of odontogenic tumor in rats through NMU, pH3 (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077062
TI  - The prevention of coronary artery disease through the control of hypertension: a
      perspective.

PMID- 1077063
TI  - Reimplantation of nearly amputated upper limb: a case report.

PMID- 1077064
TI  - Reimplantation of severed extremities.

PMID- 1077068
TI  - [Memorandum presented to the Parliamentary Commission on Fluoridation by the
      Dental Association of Quebec].

PMID- 1077069
TI  - [Fluoridation of drinking water].

PMID- 1077070
TI  - [Mission for information on dental auxiliaries to London, Geneva, Paris].

PMID- 1077071
TI  - [The legal responsibility of the dentist].

PMID- 1077072
TI  - [Social responsibilities of the dentist].

PMID- 1077074
TI  - [The true position of problematic pulp therapy in modern dentistry].

PMID- 1077073
TI  - [Caries prevention through natural fluoride-containing drinking water in
      Austria].

PMID- 1077075
TI  - [Prospective results of apical resection in relation to indications and technic].

PMID- 1077076
TI  - [Experimental periodontosis in rats through a combination of noxious endogenous
      and exogenous notae].

PMID- 1077077
TI  - [The role of allergys in focal infections II].

PMID- 1077078
TI  - [Detection of foci in complete intraoral dental and jaw radiography from the
      stomatologic point of view].

PMID- 1077079
TI  - [Primary measures in jaw and face injuries].

PMID- 1077080
TI  - [Use of composite materials in tooth injuries].

PMID- 1077081
TI  - [Prosthetic materials of self cleaning solutions. Electron microscopic studies].

PMID- 1077082
TI  - [Electrobiological and morphological bases for electrical and thermal tests].

PMID- 1077083
TI  - [Classical diagnosis of dental foci].

PMID- 1077084
TI  - [Evaluation of dental services of workers of Austrian industries].

PMID- 1077085
TI  - [A suggestion for daily practice].

PMID- 1077086
TI  - [Flow of systematic periodontal treatment with a work division between dentist
      and dental assistant].

PMID- 1077087
TI  - [Infection danger in mouth region lessened].

PMID- 1077089
TI  - [Climate and practice (II)].

PMID- 1077088
TI  - [Prevention is cheaper than repair (II)].

PMID- 1077090
TI  - [Record system and treatment planning from viewpoint of a dentist].

PMID- 1077091
TI  - [Prevention and oral hygiene for retarded children (I)].

PMID- 1077092
TI  - [Dentists and dental technicians work flow systematized].

PMID- 1077093
TI  - [Checklist for dental work flow in daily practice (VII)].

PMID- 1077095
TI  - [Photography in dental practice].

PMID- 1077094
TI  - [New instruction plans for teaching assistants].

PMID- 1077096
TI  - [Skin protection in dental practice].

PMID- 1077097
TI  - [Work hygiene and a new aid for it].

PMID- 1077098
TI  - [Aids and tips for daily practice (I)].

PMID- 1077099
TI  - [Prevention and oral hygiene in retarded children (II)].

PMID- 1077100
TI  - [Checklist for dental work flow in daily practice (VIII)].

PMID- 1077101
TI  - [Administrative- and hygiene advice--an enemy of teamwork?].

PMID- 1077102
TI  - [Gaps in the hygiene chain (I)].

PMID- 1077103
TI  - [Roentgen tools in practice--film and dark room (I)].

PMID- 1077105
TI  - [Check-receipt system as an aid in planning and charging of material and
      laboratory work].

PMID- 1077104
TI  - [Aids and tips in daily practice (II) Spray materials].

PMID- 1077106
TI  - [Heimlich maneuver].

PMID- 1077107
TI  - [Check list for dental work flow in daily practice (IX)].

PMID- 1077108
TI  - [Team work in the USA].

PMID- 1077109
TI  - [Maintenance of the exhaust system in dental practice (II)].

PMID- 1077110
TI  - [The dental assistant on the telephone].

PMID- 1077111
TI  - [Prevention--oral hygiene--patient information (I)].

PMID- 1077112
TI  - [Local anesthesia in dental practice].

PMID- 1077113
TI  - [Polymerization of synthetics].

PMID- 1077114
TI  - [Checklist for dental work flow in daily practice (V)].

PMID- 1077115
TI  - [Possibilities and limits in development of the TEAM].

PMID- 1077116
TI  - [Prevention is cheaper than repair (I)].

PMID- 1077117
TI  - [Climate and practice (I)].

PMID- 1077118
TI  - [Our new reception area--a true center of practice].

PMID- 1077119
TI  - [Prevention--oral hygiene--patient information (II)].

PMID- 1077120
TI  - [Deep pull- and pressure-forming experiments in dental technic].

PMID- 1077121
TI  - [Checklist for dental work flow in daily practice (VI)].

PMID- 1077122
TI  - [Gaps in the hygiene chain (II)].

PMID- 1077124
TI  - ["Mother, mother, he didn't drill anything"].

PMID- 1077123
TI  - [Roentgen tools in practice--film and dark room (II)].

PMID- 1077125
TI  - [When the first teeth come].

PMID- 1077126
TI  - [Insidious tooth coating].

PMID- 1077127
TI  - [Prosthetic aids (II)].

PMID- 1077128
TI  - [Check list for dental work flow in daily practice (X)].

PMID- 1077129
TI  - [The dental assistant as a prophylaxis assistant in public health service].

PMID- 1077130
TI  - [Similar or different work conditions in the dental work place].

PMID- 1077131
TI  - [Gaps in the hygiene chain].

PMID- 1077132
TI  - [Poor hygiene can become expensive].

PMID- 1077134
TI  - [Fees for broken appointments in light of Auricher decision].

PMID- 1077133
TI  - [Irreversible elastic impression materials (I)].

PMID- 1077135
TI  - [Annoying mouth odor].

PMID- 1077136
TI  - [Check list for dental work flow in daily practice (XI)].

PMID- 1077137
TI  - [Selection and recruitment of dental assistants].

PMID- 1077138
TI  - [Gaps in hygiene chain (IV)].

PMID- 1077139
TI  - [Irreversible elastic impression materials (II)].

PMID- 1077140
TI  - [Preservation of PA models].

PMID- 1077141
TI  - [Task of jaw orthodontics].

PMID- 1077142
TI  - [Steel? Terminology in an important area].

PMID- 1077143
TI  - [Check list for dental work flow in daily practice (XII)].

PMID- 1077144
TI  - [Check list for dental work flow in daily practice (XIII)].

PMID- 1077146
TI  - [Washers and dryers in dental practice].

PMID- 1077145
TI  - [Work and equipment concepts in dental practice].

PMID- 1077147
TI  - [Irreversible elastic impression materials (III)].

PMID- 1077148
TI  - [Color code system].

PMID- 1077150
TI  - [Improved education of dental assistants by knowledge of the field of work
      pedagogy].

PMID- 1077149
TI  - [What is a medical disability certificate worth].

PMID- 1077151
TI  - [Dosage of alginates].

PMID- 1077152
TI  - [Accounting in medical and dental practice].

PMID- 1077153
TI  - [Children should already know: we must think of dental health].

PMID- 1077154
TI  - [Beloved habit--on the wearing of artificial teeth].

PMID- 1077155
TI  - [Content and problems of subjects of instruction in the professional education of
      dental assistants (I)].

PMID- 1077156
TI  - [Less laboratory work--an interesting and important job of the dental assistant
      (I)].

PMID- 1077157
TI  - [Duties of dental assistants and expanded duty dental assistants].

PMID- 1077158
TI  - [Rational aids in work place].

PMID- 1077159
TI  - [Content and problems of subjects of instruction in the professional education of
      dental assistants (II)].

PMID- 1077160
TI  - [Less laboratory work--an interesting and important job of the dental assistant
      (II)].

PMID- 1077161
TI  - [Prevention advice--preventive measures].

PMID- 1077162
TI  - [Rationalizing of an example of health- and cost plans].

PMID- 1077163
TI  - [Motto: every school its own dental care room].

PMID- 1077164
TI  - [Content and problems of subjects of instruction in the professional education of
      dental assistants (III)].

PMID- 1077165
TI  - [Is the supply of fluorides in every age significant].

PMID- 1077167
TI  - [ABC's of maintenance (I)].

PMID- 1077166
TI  - [Less laboratory work-an interestting and important job of the dental assistants
      (III)].

PMID- 1077168
TI  - [Work materials for dental surgery].

PMID- 1077169
TI  - [Dental records].

PMID- 1077170
TI  - [Content and problems of subjects of instruction in the professional education of
      dental assistants (IV)].

PMID- 1077173
TI  - [What every dental assistant show know about marital law of properties (I)].

PMID- 1077171
TI  - [Caries and periodontal prevention].

PMID- 1077172
TI  - [Psychological aspects of prosthetic treatment (II)].

PMID- 1077174
TI  - [Education and development of the dental assistant].

PMID- 1077175
TI  - [ABC's of maintenance (II)].

PMID- 1077176
TI  - [Rotating instruments (I)].

PMID- 1077177
TI  - [Dental diseases and their prevention].

PMID- 1077179
TI  - [Preventive possibilities of avoiding marginal periodontopathies with the help of
      the expanded duty dental assistants].

PMID- 1077178
TI  - [What every dental assistant should know about marital law of properties (II)].

PMID- 1077180
TI  - [Gingival calcifications (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077181
TI  - [Oral rehabilitation: clinical implications (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077182
TI  - [Epidemiology of periodontal disease in patients of dental clinic (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1077183
TI  - [Influence of storage time on marginal leakage in root canal fillings, tested
      with 131INa (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077184
TI  - [Periodontal pathology].

PMID- 1077185
TI  - [Clinical considerations on the use of radiolucent dental materials (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1077186
TI  - [Radiographic verification of the frequency and characteristics of non-erupted
      third molars in one thousand patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077187
TI  - [Considerations about the radiographic processing (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077189
TI  - [A comparative study of the relative efficiency of five toothbrushes on dental
      plaque removing ability (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077188
TI  - [Considerations on radiographic aspects of dental non-metalical materials
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077190
TI  - [Contribution to the study of the frenulectomy in patients with ankyloglossia
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077191
TI  - [The importance of the "private docent"].

PMID- 1077192
TI  - [Proven efficiency of 2 technics of toothbrushing for plaque removal].

PMID- 1077193
TI  - [Tuberculosis lymphadenitis submandibular. Clinical case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077194
TI  - [Median rhomboid glossitis].

PMID- 1077195
TI  - [Dentin wear produced by endodontic files used in a different manner].

PMID- 1077196
TI  - [Hypochlorides in endodontics].

PMID- 1077198
TI  - [Pre-prosthetic surgery].

PMID- 1077197
TI  - [Surgical treatment of root perforations].

PMID- 1077199
TI  - [Temporomandibular articulation dysfunctions].

PMID- 1077200
TI  - [Total submergence of a deciduous molar].

PMID- 1077201
TI  - [Prophylactic use of antibiotics in pedodontics].

PMID- 1077202
TI  - Dentin-removing ability of root canal files. Influence of some factors on the
      effectiveness of the enlarging operation.

PMID- 1077204
TI  - [Frequency of toothbrushing].

PMID- 1077203
TI  - [Prevention: empyresin in the clinical treatment of dento-bacterial infections].

PMID- 1077205
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus. I. Diabetes and teeth].

PMID- 1077206
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus. 2. Periodontal structures and diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1077207
TI  - [Moniliasis: oral implications].

PMID- 1077208
TI  - Mediastinoscopy in bronchogenic carcinoma. A study of 486 cases with special
      reference to the indications and limitations of the method.

PMID- 1077209
TI  - Experimental pulmonary contusion. A pathophysiological study on dogs.

PMID- 1077210
TI  - [Division of labor in clinical dentistry. Some foreign experiences].

PMID- 1077211
TI  - [Immediate fixation of interocclusal jaw relations].

PMID- 1077212
TI  - [Oral hygiene room].

PMID- 1077213
TI  - [Tanzania from the viewpoint of oral health].

PMID- 1077214
TI  - [Dental insurance: patient statistics for 1974].

PMID- 1077215
TI  - [The dentist as employer].

PMID- 1077216
TI  - [Alternate fee system].

PMID- 1077217
TI  - [Oral surgery in older patients].

PMID- 1077218
TI  - [Dentocult an aid for evaluation of caries activity? A clinical pilot study].

PMID- 1077219
TI  - [Oral food elimination--a cariological problem].

PMID- 1077221
TI  - [Rubber stimulator. An useful aid in oral hygiene].

PMID- 1077220
TI  - [Transcutaneous neural stimulation (TNS) in chronic pain in patients with
      temporomandibular joint disorders. A clinical report].

PMID- 1077222
TI  - [Basic epidemiologic information for dental care in children and adolescents.
      Report of a computerized information system].

PMID- 1077224
TI  - [Barefoot preventionists or oral health protection duty].

PMID- 1077223
TI  - [Electronic measurement of the length of the root canal].

PMID- 1077225
TI  - [Lighting for dentist].

PMID- 1077226
TI  - [Analysis of the Mericleri, Hissar and Ovostnik mineral waters by fluorine ion
      selective electrode].

PMID- 1077227
TI  - [Electron microscopic investigations of the gingiva in periodontal diseases in
      children. I. Ultrastructure of normal gingiva in healthy individuals from 4-16].

PMID- 1077228
TI  - [Hardening (tempering) of precious alloys used in dentistry].

PMID- 1077229
TI  - [Clinical and histological studies on Necrodent paste, used in dental pulp
      devitalization].

PMID- 1077230
TI  - [Cytological and microbiological findings in a tooth root and treatment of a case
      of periodontitis chronica granulomatosa progressiva exacerbata with Indextol].

PMID- 1077231
TI  - [Positive Gelen test in teeth treated with iontophoresis].

PMID- 1077232
TI  - [Method for planning supporting devices on the skull with the aid of hooks].

PMID- 1077233
TI  - [Suggestive and hypnotic anesthesia in tooth extraction].

PMID- 1077234
TI  - [Gingival changes in experimental infectious allergic encephalitis].

PMID- 1077235
TI  - [Surface impregnation of prepared hard dental tissues with a bakelite liquid].

PMID- 1077236
TI  - [Vestibular displacement of a single tooth or a group of teeth using plates with
      horizontal surfaces].

PMID- 1077237
TI  - [Treatment of children with congenital clefts of hard and soft palate by floating
      obturator].

PMID- 1077238
TI  - [Results of therapeutic-prophylactic orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 1077239
TI  - [The dentist and his working environment].

PMID- 1077240
TI  - [Quantitative and qualitative indices of oral microflora in caries-immune and
      caries-active youths].

PMID- 1077241
TI  - [Effect of mercuric-organic pesticide, Granozan, on the oral cavity of albino
      rats].

PMID- 1077242
TI  - [Comparative studies on tissue tolerance for root canal filling materials].

PMID- 1077243
TI  - [Activity of certain oral mucosa enzymes in patients with leukoplakia, cancer and
      lichen planus].

PMID- 1077244
TI  - [Impregnation of dental surfaces by 2-cyanoacrylate adhesive].

PMID- 1077245
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of lichen planus].

PMID- 1077246
TI  - [Etiology of odontogenic sinusitis].

PMID- 1077247
TI  - [Entamoeba gingivalis--factor in periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1077248
TI  - [Disinfectants for surgeons' hands].

PMID- 1077249
TI  - [Morphological and histochemical characteristics of ameloblasts in various
      periods of dental germ development].

PMID- 1077250
TI  - [Entamoeba gingivalis incidence in normal gingiva, catarrhal and experimental
      gingivitis in man].

PMID- 1077251
TI  - [Fluorescent cytodiagnostics in leukoplakia and cancer of the oral cavity].

PMID- 1077252
TI  - [Histomorphological study of the effect of periodontitis treated with the
      combination preparation Indextal].

PMID- 1077253
TI  - [A case of Charlin's syndrome].

PMID- 1077254
TI  - [Care and prophylaxis of pregnant mothers in the prevention of congenital
      maxillofacial malformations].

PMID- 1077256
TI  - [Varnish cavity lining in vital teeth].

PMID- 1077255
TI  - [Tooth color in Bulgarians].

PMID- 1077258
TI  - [Method of interjaw suspension fixation of mandibular fractures. Surgical
      technique].

PMID- 1077257
TI  - [Comparative study of species composition of Streptococci and Lactobacilli in the
      oral cavity of caries-immune and caries-active adolescents].

PMID- 1077259
TI  - [Clinical-laboratory data on patients with precancerous conditions of the oral
      mucosa].

PMID- 1077260
TI  - [Immunologic changes in mixed saliva in children after insertion of orthodontic
      appliances].

PMID- 1077261
TI  - [Histomorphological periodontal changes in dental pulp devitalization with
      arsenic preparations].

PMID- 1077262
TI  - [Anti-inflammatory action of medicinal herbs in drugs used in the treatment of
      periodontosis].

PMID- 1077263
TI  - [Sarcoidosis of the oral cavity. Case report].

PMID- 1077264
TI  - [Foreign body in the submandibular gland].

PMID- 1077265
TI  - [Implantation in the German Federal Republic].

PMID- 1077266
TI  - [Method for recording and analyzing previous prophylactic examination data].

PMID- 1077267
TI  - [Role of the dental nurse in increasing the efficiency in the treatment of
      diseases of the periodontium and mouth mucosa].

PMID- 1077268
TI  - [New ways to dental health. Prophylaxis (primary prophylaxis)].

PMID- 1077269
TI  - [Caries prophylaxis by local application of sodium fluoride lacquer].

PMID- 1077270
TI  - [Continuing education of public health dentists].

PMID- 1077271
TI  - [Thoughts and suggestions on collective further education as "Guidelines for
      development of quality requirements of dental technicians and planning directions
      as basis for premium time].

PMID- 1077272
TI  - [Total prosthesis. 13. Total prosthesis and gnathology].

PMID- 1077273
TI  - [Thoughts on place of work and institution].

PMID- 1077274
TI  - [Management of fire protection in the stomatologic laboratory].

PMID- 1077276
TI  - [Electrical motors in stomatologic technic and special considerations on
      replacement parts. 3].

PMID- 1077275
TI  - [Orofacial system].

PMID- 1077277
TI  - [Effective use of slides in teaching of medicine].

PMID- 1077278
TI  - [Etiology of dental caries].

PMID- 1077279
TI  - [Effect of experimental laser irradiation upon oral tissues].

PMID- 1077280
TI  - [Morphologic and histochemical changes in gingiva of children and youth with
      diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1077281
TI  - [A severe case of symptomatic aphthous stomatitis].

PMID- 1077282
TI  - [Post tetracycline treatment discoloration of children's teeth].

PMID- 1077283
TI  - [Our treatment of aphthous stomatitis in children].

PMID- 1077285
TI  - [Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and its effect on the oral cavity].

PMID- 1077284
TI  - [A case of amelogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 1077286
TI  - [Microbiological findings in dental root canal, treated with indextol in a case
      of chronic periodontitis granulomatosa progressiva exacerbata].

PMID- 1077287
TI  - [Experimental investigation of the effect of bilateral total parotidectomy on the
      blood sugar level, thrombocyte and leukocyte count in peripheral blood in dogs].

PMID- 1077288
TI  - [Potentialities for hypersensitization against certain antiphlogistic remedies in
      the treatment of periodontitis chronica granulomatosa progressiva exacerbata].

PMID- 1077289
TI  - [Case of treatment with partial prosthesis in a pre-school child].

PMID- 1077290
TI  - [Quantitative analysis of the alloys for silver amalgam Ag-67 and the corrosive
      properties of the amalgam prepared from them].

PMID- 1077291
TI  - [Laboratory experimental study of certain materials for hermetic filling of root
      canals].

PMID- 1077292
TI  - [Hollow removable needle with a handle for introducing wire ligature through soft
      tissues of oral cavity in jaw fractures].

PMID- 1077293
TI  - [Foreign body removal from infratemporal fossa after a firearm wound].

PMID- 1077294
TI  - [Apparatus for treating diastema with plastic crowns].

PMID- 1077295
TI  - [Clinico-statistical studies of diastema and some of its etiological factors in
      the permanent dentition].

PMID- 1077296
TI  - [The action of normal pressure of the forceps on tooth root during extraction].

PMID- 1077297
TI  - [Chronometry in prophylaxis and treatment of certain kinds of diastema and
      retrusive bite].

PMID- 1077298
TI  - [Mortal amputation].

PMID- 1077299
TI  - [The ideal education of dentists].

PMID- 1077300
TI  - [Biomechanics of healthy and diseased teeth in the fixed prosthetics clinic].

PMID- 1077301
TI  - [Electron investigation of tooth mobility].

PMID- 1077302
TI  - [Treatment of maxillary fractures of Adam's method].

PMID- 1077303
TI  - [Anabolic steroids in complex therapy for chronic periodontitis].

PMID- 1077304
TI  - [Comparison of dental and periodontal diseases among students with different
      mental and physical course work].

PMID- 1077305
TI  - [Early pre-operative orthodontic treatment of children with congenital clefts of
      lip, hard and soft palate].

PMID- 1077306
TI  - [Slide-gauge modification for application in orthodontic practice].

PMID- 1077307
TI  - [Articulator plastic boxes for orthodontic models].

PMID- 1077308
TI  - [Clinical results from the treatment of tooth fractures in permanent teeth by
      formation of troughs on the fractured tooth surfaces].

PMID- 1077309
TI  - [Anomalies due to early tooth loss].

PMID- 1077310
TI  - [Clinico-morphological studies on changes in the oral cavity of albino rats due
      to Baytex].

PMID- 1077311
TI  - [Territorial distribution and age of dentists in Bulgaria].

PMID- 1077312
TI  - [Impregnation and coating of enamel for caries prevention].

PMID- 1077313
TI  - [Existential considerations on the oral cavity].

PMID- 1077314
TI  - [Problems of retained teeth in oral surgery].

PMID- 1077315
TI  - [Dental implants. Panoramic point of view].

PMID- 1077316
TI  - [Meditation of the juvenile protest].

PMID- 1077317
TI  - [Surgical reduction of prognathism].

PMID- 1077318
TI  - Tumefactive extramedullary hematopoiesis of the stomach.
AB  - A 3 X 4 cm submucosal gastric mass of extramedullary hematopoeitic tissue
      occurred in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Such stomach masses have
      been misinterpreted as malignant tumor. Tumefactive extramedullary hematopoiesis
      of the stomach is an infrequent occurrence in patients with extramedullary
      hematopoiesis but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients
      known to have this condition.

PMID- 1077319
TI  - [The importance of support zones and changes in their areas].

PMID- 1077320
TI  - [Occupational diseases of dentists].

PMID- 1077321
TI  - [Endogenous factors in periodontal resistance].

PMID- 1077322
TI  - [Cariology--a challenge for the dentist].

PMID- 1077323
TI  - [Abnormal evolution of an upper central incisor and its correct positioning in
      the arch].

PMID- 1077324
TI  - [Importance of malpositions and dental migrations in periodontology. IV.
      Orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 1077325
TI  - [Measures and treatment preceding oral reconstruction].

PMID- 1077326
TI  - [Importance of malposition and dental migration in periodontology. V. Problems
      found].

PMID- 1077327
TI  - [Thoughts on endodontic disinfection: are there several methods].

PMID- 1077328
TI  - [A new instrument designed for obtaining palatal transplants].

PMID- 1077329
TI  - [Amebae and Trichomonas in the oral cavity].

PMID- 1077331
TI  - [Disclosure of diabetes through odontostomatology].

PMID- 1077330
TI  - [Importance of malposition and dental migration in periodontology. VI.
      Contention].

PMID- 1077332
TI  - [Importance of correction of malposition and dental migration in periodontology.
      VII. Conclusions].

PMID- 1077333
TI  - [Importance of fibroscopy in the removal of foreign bodies for esophagus, stomach
      and duodenum].

PMID- 1077334
TI  - [Enlarged view of the exercise of the dental profession].

PMID- 1077335
TI  - [Acute enterocolitis due to clindamycin].

PMID- 1077336
TI  - [Bone behavior in the development of periodontal diseases].

PMID- 1077337
TI  - [Periodontal preparation in fixed prostheses. I. Patient motivation].

PMID- 1077338
TI  - [Orthopedics, orthodontics and treatment plan].

PMID- 1077339
TI  - [Physiologic dental mobility].

PMID- 1077340
TI  - [Extractions in dento-facial orthodontics].

PMID- 1077341
TI  - [Thermographic methods and dental diseases].

PMID- 1077343
TI  - [Bacterial plaque].

PMID- 1077342
TI  - [Periodontal preparation for fixed prostheses. II. Immobilization of remaining
      teeth].

PMID- 1077344
TI  - [Crystalochemistry of the apatites and their relationship to the biochemical
      behavior of the calcified tissues].

PMID- 1077345
TI  - [Clinical emergency in periodontology].

PMID- 1077346
TI  - [Periodontal preparation in fixed prostheses. V. Changes in the gingival
      morphology].

PMID- 1077347
TI  - [Utilization of buffered sodium peroxyborate in periodontal surgery].

PMID- 1077348
TI  - [Bruxism. III. Treatment].

PMID- 1077349
TI  - [Use of plaster of Paris in implantology].

PMID- 1077350
TI  - [Mandibular centric relation in the presence of spastic musculature].

PMID- 1077351
TI  - [Periodontal preparation for fixed prostheses. Changes of morphology at the level
      of the attached gingiva].

PMID- 1077352
TI  - [Pulpopathies].

PMID- 1077353
TI  - [Modern concepts in dental treatment].

PMID- 1077354
TI  - [What to do with a patient with an arterial disease].

PMID- 1077355
TI  - [Free gingival transplants].

PMID- 1077356
TI  - [The dentist and earache].

PMID- 1077357
TI  - [Renal diseases: incidence in modern practice].

PMID- 1077358
TI  - [Importance of malposition and dental migrations in periodontology. III. The
      different types of tooth movement].

PMID- 1077359
TI  - [Salivary glands: structure, ultrastructure--current directions of certain
      research].

PMID- 1077360
TI  - [Study of the closure of secondary palate in the human embryo].

PMID- 1077361
TI  - [Jaw orthodontic therapy with removable and fixed appliances].

PMID- 1077362
TI  - [The effect of cervical headgear. A clinical on facial skeleton study].

PMID- 1077363
TI  - [Prognosis of growth changes of the Y-axis and facial axis].

PMID- 1077364
TI  - [On headgear].

PMID- 1077365
TI  - [UV--light apparatus integrated dental unit. An ergonomic proposal].

PMID- 1077366
TI  - Crystalballing the future of dental practice.

PMID- 1077368
TI  - The importance of group office coverage.

PMID- 1077367
TI  - Dental care in the nursing home facility. Guidelines and recommendations.

PMID- 1077369
TI  - [Fair play among dentists].

PMID- 1077370
TI  - Senator Feldman discusses pressing issues for dentists.

PMID- 1077371
TI  - An interview with Dean Bennett.

PMID- 1077372
TI  - Impact of the N.J.D.S. on future manpower.

PMID- 1077373
TI  - The New Jersey Dental School: highlights of the distinctive new facility.

PMID- 1077374
TI  - Ergonomics--a new idea.

PMID- 1077375
TI  - [In our best tradition].

PMID- 1077376
TI  - [Selected microbial flora of patients with proximal caries].

PMID- 1077377
TI  - [Dentistry in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics].

PMID- 1077378
TI  - [Oral tuberculosis. Case report].

PMID- 1077383
TI  - Images--images.

PMID- 1077379
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma of the mandible. Case report].

PMID- 1077384
TI  - President's message.

PMID- 1077385
TI  - The division of dentistry of Michael Reese Medical Center. The educational
      programs.

PMID- 1077386
TI  - The ethical, legal and moral responsibilities of the practicing dentist.

PMID- 1077387
TI  - Patterns of referral of dental patients to the emergency room.

PMID- 1077388
TI  - Dentistry in the future roles and activities of hospitals.

PMID- 1077389
TI  - Emergency dental care for the community: what is the responsibility of the
      hospital?

PMID- 1077393
TI  - Hospital dental service problem clinic.

PMID- 1077394
TI  - The Mount Zion dental service. Service, education and research in a private
      hospital.

PMID- 1077395
TI  - The process of the general practice residency interview.

PMID- 1077396
TI  - Hospital dental service problem clinic.

PMID- 1077397
TI  - On teaching physical diagnosis/physical evaluation.

PMID- 1077398
TI  - Hospital dentistry and the American Dental Association.

PMID- 1077400
TI  - The hospital dental staff member: his position.

PMID- 1077399
TI  - A commentary on certain problems facing hospital dental services today.

PMID- 1077401
TI  - Planning dental treatment for the pre-radiation patient.

PMID- 1077402
TI  - January 15--R.I.P.

PMID- 1077404
TI  - Postdoctoral candidate selection.

PMID- 1077403
TI  - Practical computer uses in hospital dentistry.

PMID- 1077405
TI  - The hospital dental staff member, his position, his advancement and his future.

PMID- 1077411
TI  - Choice not chance.

PMID- 1077412
TI  - Hospital dental service problem clinic.

PMID- 1077413
TI  - The crisis in pre and post doctoral hospital dental education.

PMID- 1077414
TI  - Hospital dental programs in the dental school curriculum.

PMID- 1077416
TI  - An interdisciplinary dental training program in a hospital.

PMID- 1077415
TI  - Problems dental schools face in implementing hospital dental programs.

PMID- 1077417
TI  - Structure and function of a hospital audit and quality review committee.

PMID- 1077418
TI  - Delineation of privileges.

PMID- 1077419
TI  - Problems with third party payors.

PMID- 1077423
TI  - Team efficiency for inpatient dental care.

PMID- 1077424
TI  - [Periodontal disease, bacteria and histopathology of the dental pulp].

PMID- 1077425
TI  - [Plaster and special hard plasters].

PMID- 1077426
TI  - [Litema pluraflex: a new ultraviolet system for composites].

PMID- 1077427
TI  - [Clinical pathology of potential foci in the tooth-jaw area].

PMID- 1077428
TI  - [Terminology of progressive intradental resorption processes].

PMID- 1077429
TI  - [Remarks on motivation for plaque removal].

PMID- 1077430
TI  - [Experience with B-Xylestesin-S in dental surgery].

PMID- 1077431
TI  - [Analyses for extraction indications].

PMID- 1077432
TI  - [General anesthesia in the dental office].

PMID- 1077433
TI  - [Statistical studies on the appearance of parulis and certain weather
      conditions].

PMID- 1077434
TI  - [Balneology and focal infection].

PMID- 1077435
TI  - [Model analysis as indicator for extractions. 2].

PMID- 1077436
TI  - [Partial alveolotomy and delayed surgical correction of tooth and jaw
      abnormalities and cleft palate].

PMID- 1077437
TI  - [Clinical experience with adhesive composite filling materials].

PMID- 1077438
TI  - [Light and electron microscopic examination of abrasive materials and Austrian
      tooth pastes].

PMID- 1077439
TI  - [Wound healing disorders after extractions--course and prevention].

PMID- 1077440
TI  - [Alveolar bone stress from the optical point of view].

PMID- 1077441
TI  - [Examination of sagittal and vertical changes on skull radiographs in class II
      (Schmuth) patients treated with removable appliances].

PMID- 1077442
TI  - [Histochemical cytology of gingival surface].

PMID- 1077443
TI  - [Biopsy in the oral cavity].

PMID- 1077444
TI  - [A new filter for simultaneous imaging of soft tissue profile and hand in
      teleradiography].

PMID- 1077445
TI  - [The role of allergy in focal infections].

PMID- 1077446
TI  - [Reconstruction of maxillary defects after tumor resection].

PMID- 1077448
TI  - [Cytodiagnosis of the mouth mucosa as preventive measure].

PMID- 1077447
TI  - [Dermal reconstructive surgery for treatment of "fixed reluxation" of the
      mandible].

PMID- 1077449
TI  - [Position of the mandibular canal in the edentulous jaw].

PMID- 1077450
TI  - [Progress in conservative dentistry of hard tissue of anterior teeth with
      composite materials].

PMID- 1077451
TI  - [Primary reconstruction of cheek, lip and mouth floor after radical surgery of
      malignant tumors].

PMID- 1077452
TI  - [Limits of jaw orthopedic treatment].

PMID- 1077453
TI  - [Mouth breathing and malocclusion].

PMID- 1077454
TI  - [Caries research today and prophylaxis].

PMID- 1077455
TI  - [The effect of dental and maxillofacial diseases on the whole body].

PMID- 1077456
TI  - [Primary reconstruction of cheek, lip and mouth floor after radical surgery of
      malignant tumours. 2].

PMID- 1077457
TI  - [Skull and joint relations in jaw models].

PMID- 1077458
TI  - [Difference in thermal measurement in pulp diagnosis].

PMID- 1077459
TI  - [Post operative behavior of the lymph nodes in malignancy of the tongue and floor
      of the mouth in relation to the primary operation].

PMID- 1077460
TI  - [Experience with microtraumatic thermal irritation of teeth with focal
      infection].

PMID- 1077461
TI  - [Therapeutic acupuncture in trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 1077462
TI  - [Differential diagnosis and therapy of trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 1077463
TI  - [Treatment and pathology of adamantinomas. A study of the material of the
      University jaw surgery clinic of Vienna, 1960-1974].

PMID- 1077464
TI  - [Diagnosis of amylosis in jaw surgery].

PMID- 1077465
TI  - [Focal infection from view point of root therapy].

PMID- 1077466
TI  - [Can endodontic problems be reduced by composites].

PMID- 1077467
TI  - [X-ray stereometric evaluation on skull preparations with metal implants].

PMID- 1077468
TI  - [Experimental contribution to renal fluoride excretion].

PMID- 1077469
TI  - [The angle between sagittal condylar displacement and occlusal surfaces with an
      average articulation].

PMID- 1077470
TI  - [Experiences in conservative and peripheral surgery in trigenimal neuralgia].

PMID- 1077471
TI  - [Systematic and function oriented dental diagnosis and its charting].

PMID- 1077472
TI  - [Changes of the jaw articulation in the orthodontic treatment of malocclusion].

PMID- 1077473
TI  - [Chronic inflammation as a focal factor from the dentist's point of view].

PMID- 1077474
TI  - [Vicker's micro-hardness measurement of the enamel in normal and fluoridated
      teeth].

PMID- 1077475
TI  - [Skull--related articulator with adjustable parts. 2].

PMID- 1077476
TI  - [Logopedic aspects of jaw orthopedics].

PMID- 1077477
TI  - [Was Pichler correct with his type of root canal therapy?].

PMID- 1077478
TI  - [Serial extraction].

PMID- 1077479
TI  - [Control examination after jaw osteotomy and adjustment of the occlusal surface
      with special regard to the jaw articulation].

PMID- 1077480
TI  - [Anesthesia in the dental office].

PMID- 1077481
TI  - [Odontogenic sinusitis. Diagnosis--importance--treatment].

PMID- 1077482
TI  - [Etiology of periodontitis].

PMID- 1077483
TI  - [Examples of Denmark: motivation of the people and correct relationship with
      dentistry].

PMID- 1077484
TI  - [Jaw orthodontic treatment from view point of the patient and parents].

PMID- 1077485
TI  - [Malignant tonsillar tumors and their treatment at the Vienna University Clinic
      for Oral Surgery].

PMID- 1077486
TI  - [Skull related articulator with adjustable parts. 1].

PMID- 1077487
TI  - [Palatine tonsil, the regional lymph node as excreting organ for the upper dental
      system].

PMID- 1077488
TI  - [Gnathologic aspects of prognathism].

PMID- 1077489
TI  - [Critical comments on the subject: jaw orthopedics as a prevention of TMJ
      disorders].

PMID- 1077490
TI  - [Reimplantation of front teeth after traumatic tooth loss].

PMID- 1077491
TI  - [Index of oral pathology].

PMID- 1077492
TI  - [Physiological asepsis in dentistry].

PMID- 1077493
TI  - [Effect of removable jau orthodontic appliance from the phonation point of view].

PMID- 1077494
TI  - [Principles of cyst treatment in the jaws].

PMID- 1077495
TI  - [Use of blade implants of titanium in the jaws].

PMID- 1077496
TI  - [Improved technic for endodontic stabilizers--biofunctional thoughts].

PMID- 1077497
TI  - [Comparative study of modern precious metal-free and semi-precious metal-ceramic
      alloys according to the clinical and prosthetic construction in use in oral
      implantation].

PMID- 1077498
TI  - [Animal experiments with enossal anchored extension implants].

PMID- 1077499
TI  - [Taking care of the edentulous patient with an implant prosthesis].

PMID- 1077500
TI  - [The value of tomography in implantation in dentistry].

PMID- 1077501
TI  - [Osteofibrous implant according to Giordano Muratori].

PMID- 1077502
TI  - [Importance of radiographic examination of edentulous patients].

PMID- 1077503
TI  - [Forensic - dental problems in establishing individual identity].

PMID- 1077504
TI  - [Clinical and genetic views on dentinogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 1077505
TI  - [Depressed fracture of the zygoma].

PMID- 1077506
TI  - [Vasconstrictor agents in local anesthetics].

PMID- 1077507
TI  - [Premedication of pregnant women before oral surgery].

PMID- 1077508
TI  - [Diagnostic error in a severe case of chronic pulpitis combined with
      periodontitis].

PMID- 1077509
TI  - [Dental calculus as restorative material].

PMID- 1077510
TI  - [New studies on amalgam].

PMID- 1077511
TI  - [Gnathologic orthopedics (II)].

PMID- 1077512
TI  - [Correct dosage of disinfectants].

PMID- 1077513
TI  - [Rotating instruments (II)].

PMID- 1077514
TI  - [Quarter billing is made easier].

PMID- 1077515
TI  - [Care of the fearful child in dental practice--a duty of the dental assistant].

PMID- 1077516
TI  - [Visiting balloon--happily landed].

PMID- 1077517
TI  - [Wisdom teeth].

PMID- 1077518
TI  - [Cooperation between dentist and dental laboratory from point of view of the
      dental technician].

PMID- 1077519
TI  - [Poor teeth--poor grades].

PMID- 1077520
TI  - [From dental assistant to expanded duty dental assistant--preparation and
      entering practice].

PMID- 1077522
TI  - [Composites].

PMID- 1077521
TI  - [Foil sterilization as a contribution to a rational practice guide].

PMID- 1077523
TI  - [Recording of radiographs].

PMID- 1077524
TI  - [Prosthetics frame of social insurance].

PMID- 1077525
TI  - [Content and problems of subjects of instruction in the professional education of
      dental assistants (V)].

PMID- 1077526
TI  - [What the dental assistant must know about prophylaxis of tooth and periodontal
      diseases (I)].

PMID- 1077527
TI  - [How I can certianly pass the oral examination?].

PMID- 1077529
TI  - [The dental workplace].

PMID- 1077528
TI  - [Urgency and conduct of superficial disinfection (I)].

PMID- 1077530
TI  - [Problems of the dental assistant in preparation of total- and cost-plans].

PMID- 1077531
TI  - [Content and problems of subjects of instruction in the professional education of
      dental assistants (VI)].

PMID- 1077532
TI  - [What the dental assistant must know about prophylaxis of tooth- and periodontal
      diseases (II)].

PMID- 1077533
TI  - [Temporary crowns and bridges].

PMID- 1077534
TI  - [Headache from the oral cavity].

PMID- 1077535
TI  - [Patient information as a basis of prosthetic treatment (II)].

PMID- 1077536
TI  - [Pointers on preparation of plate appliances (I)].

PMID- 1077537
TI  - [Manufacture related occlusal changes and remounting of complete dentures].

PMID- 1077538
TI  - [Technical possibilities of synthetic resin blending (IV)].

PMID- 1077539
TI  - [Sequence of use of sliding die with a self-polymerizate].

PMID- 1077540
TI  - [Programmed teaching and its application to the dental laboratory (I)].

PMID- 1077541
TI  - [Recommendations for polishing parallel walls in the telescope technic].

PMID- 1077542
TI  - [Preparation of carrier tray for baking metallo-ceramics].

PMID- 1077544
TI  - [Climate in the work place and in work surroundings].

PMID- 1077543
TI  - [Demonstration of orthodontic appliances their main indications and arrangement
      anomalies (VIII)].

PMID- 1077545
TI  - [Future development possibilities of dental technology training in a large
      laboratory].

PMID- 1077546
TI  - [Retention of synthetic resin facings].

PMID- 1077547
TI  - [Construction of caps for crown preparation (I)].

PMID- 1077548
TI  - [Experience with nickel-chromium-baked ceramics].

PMID- 1077549
TI  - [Demonstration of orthodontic appliances and their main indications in
      arrangement anomalies (IX)].

PMID- 1077551
TI  - [A new device for lining complete dentures].

PMID- 1077550
TI  - [Functional work preparation].

PMID- 1077552
TI  - [Construction of caps for crown preparation (II)].

PMID- 1077553
TI  - [Demonstration of orthodontic appliances and their main indications in
      arrangement anomalies (X)].

PMID- 1077554
TI  - [Gnathology--yesterday and today].

PMID- 1077555
TI  - [Stylized picture of the procedure of modelling the occlusal surfaces by use of
      principles of addition method (II)].

PMID- 1077556
TI  - [Demonstration of orthodontic appliances and their main indications in the view
      of arrangement anomalies (II)].

PMID- 1077557
TI  - [Construction of fixed appliances (II)].

PMID- 1077558
TI  - [Screws and their use in dental technology].

PMID- 1077559
TI  - [Demonstration of orthodontic appliances and their main indications in reference
      to arrangement anomalies (III)].

PMID- 1077560
TI  - [Orthodontics in dental laboratories].

PMID- 1077561
TI  - [Commercial considerations].

PMID- 1077562
TI  - [Introduction to the construction of gold crowns (I)].

PMID- 1077563
TI  - [Reference points in synthetic root posts for manufacture of a pin-hole].

PMID- 1077564
TI  - [Layout of Frasaco-posts to hold platinum caps].

PMID- 1077565
TI  - [Demonstration of orthodontic appliances and their main indications in reference
      to arrangement anomalies (VI)].

PMID- 1077566
TI  - [Rationalization of the accounting in dental laboratories with "Firm"].

PMID- 1077567
TI  - [Japanese technical work].

PMID- 1077568
TI  - [Introduction to the construction of gold crowns (II)].

PMID- 1077569
TI  - [Demonstration of jaw orthodontic appliances and their main indications in
      arrangement anomalies (VII)].

PMID- 1077570
TI  - [A new synthetic plaster for models].

PMID- 1077571
TI  - [Development of orthodontic and jaw orthopedic appliances (III)].

PMID- 1077572
TI  - [Radiographic estimation of the length of teeth].

PMID- 1077574
TI  - [Dental grafts and fluoridation].

PMID- 1077573
TI  - [The importance of psychophysiology in ergonomic dentistry].

PMID- 1077575
TI  - [Fluoride, health, teeth].

PMID- 1077576
TI  - [Maxillofacial shot injury].

PMID- 1077577
TI  - [Histological observations on the pulpal response of dogs' teeth to the Nuva
      System].

PMID- 1077578
TI  - [Marginal infiltration of radioisotopes into the fractured tooth crown
      reconstructed with composite resin].

PMID- 1077579
TI  - [Influence of zinc phosphate cement manipulation on pulpal response. Histological
      study in dogs' teeth].

PMID- 1077580
TI  - [Ganglionic blockade effects on some cardiac parameters].

PMID- 1077581
TI  - [Effects of the application of lincomycin hydrochloride upon infected dental
      pulps. Morphological study in rats].

PMID- 1077582
TI  - [Periapical tissue reactions of deciduous teeth to some root canal filling
      materials. Histological study in dog].

PMID- 1077583
TI  - [Histochemical study of the polysaccharides in the salivary glands of rats fed a
      cariogenic diet after selective duct ligature or extirpation].

PMID- 1077584
TI  - [Salivary electrolytes in patients treated chronically with glucocorticoids.
      Photo and electrophotometric analyses].

PMID- 1077585
TI  - Effects of 131 INa and thyroxine on rat growth. II. Skull dimensions.

PMID- 1077586
TI  - [Cast mounting on the articulator and its relationship to protrusive records].

PMID- 1077587
TI  - [Influence of pressure on the residual monomer in chemically activated acrylic
      resins].

PMID- 1077588
TI  - [Homogenous transplantation of continuously growing teeth without root canal
      treatment and with immersion in a sodium fluoride solution. Histological study].

PMID- 1077589
TI  - Homoglycan and heteroglycans in dental germs of newborn rats from
      sialoadenectomized dams.

PMID- 1077590
TI  - [Reaction of subcutaneous connective tissue to some local anesthetics.
      Histological study in rats].

PMID- 1077591
TI  - [Polyurethane implant in subcutaneous connective tissue. Histological study in
      rats].

PMID- 1077592
TI  - [Subcutaneous connective tissue reaction of rats to zinc oxide-eugenol surgical
      cement implants. Influence of setting time].

PMID- 1077593
TI  - Measurements of the clivus-sphenoidale angle in human fetuses.

PMID- 1077594
TI  - [Facial skeletal changes following unilateral resection of the masseter muscle
      and zygomatic arch in juvenile and adult monkeys (Cebus apella)].

PMID- 1077595
TI  - [Action of restorative materials on the gingival free margin].

PMID- 1077596
TI  - [Comparative study of the clinical and radiographic (interproximal and panoramic)
      methods of dental caries diagnosis].

PMID- 1077597
TI  - The study of fatigue in dental practice by means of the interaction of lighting,
      sight and motor coordination.

PMID- 1077598
TI  - [Use of an electronic microprobe in the study of the action of some substances
      used in endodontics on the dentinal microstructure].

PMID- 1077599
TI  - [Verification of the contamination of reversible hydrocolloids in successive
      impressions].

PMID- 1077600
TI  - Adenosquamous carcinoma of the oral cavity: report of two cases.

PMID- 1077601
TI  - [Calcifying odontogenic cyst. Report of a case].

PMID- 1077602
TI  - [Taste physiology].

PMID- 1077603
TI  - [Comparative study of bacterial flora of gingival sulcus of pathologic pockets].

PMID- 1077604
TI  - [Histopathologic aspects of the pulp, due to residual monomers in class V
      restorations with epoxy resin C14].

PMID- 1077606
TI  - [The adjustable blade and the threaded screw for endosseous implantation].

PMID- 1077605
TI  - [Functionally stable implant-supported dentures].

PMID- 1077607
TI  - [Endosseous implant as an abutment support for unusual dentures in 3 cases of
      insufficient bone structure].

PMID- 1077608
TI  - [Importance of the alveolar crest line with the denture space in the totally
      edentulous mandible].

PMID- 1077609
TI  - [Orthopantomography of school children].

PMID- 1077610
TI  - [Usual mistakes in intraoral radiography].

PMID- 1077611
TI  - [Index for occlusal state for epidemiological studies and clinical use].

PMID- 1077612
TI  - [Hepatitis and dentistry].

PMID- 1077613
TI  - [Oral health of 1000 persons aged 3 to 70 years in Jonkoping. IV. Effects of
      dental care on dental health of preschool children].

PMID- 1077614
TI  - [Development of dental care of preschool children within a district clinic].

PMID- 1077615
TI  - [Optimum effect of care capacity within child dental health care].

PMID- 1077616
TI  - [Patient and dental schools. Advantages, disadvantages and attitudes].

PMID- 1077617
TI  - [Dental materials for root canal therapy at the pharmacy].

PMID- 1077618
TI  - [Public dental health care 1973--1975].

PMID- 1077620
TI  - Making the best of it. Using dental skills for fun at home.

PMID- 1077619
TI  - [Year 2000: 500 Swedes per dentist, 2000 per dental hygienist].

PMID- 1077621
TI  - The pulp and the gold foil. Is the gold foil compatible with the life of the
      tooth?

PMID- 1077622
TI  - Foiled. Who uses gold foil?

PMID- 1077623
TI  - Who's on first. A ranking of American dental schools.

PMID- 1077624
TI  - Freshman dental education. A clinical approach to the teaching of full removable
      prosthetics.

PMID- 1077625
TI  - [Tongue thrusting and related deviate swallowing. A review of a difficult dental
      problem].

PMID- 1077626
TI  - Change an essential aspect both of life and dentistry.

PMID- 1077627
TI  - Dentistry: the metaphysical imperative. An inquiry into the true meaning of
      teeth.

PMID- 1077628
TI  - [Damage to enamel and dentin by unsuitable dentifrices].

PMID- 1077629
TI  - [Jaw growth rate in rats].

PMID- 1077630
TI  - [Comparative study of the flow of amalgams with different chemical components].

PMID- 1077631
TI  - [Disturbances of surface sensitivity in middle third facial injuries].

PMID- 1077632
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of Hoffman's chancriform pyoderma of the face].

PMID- 1077634
TI  - [Once again--obligating continuing education?].

PMID- 1077633
TI  - [Time lost for curing patients with malignant tumors of the middle third of the
      face].

PMID- 1077635
TI  - [Dentist, help your self!].

PMID- 1077636
TI  - [Important professional political happenings].

PMID- 1077637
TI  - [7 theses on the cost explosion in health field].

PMID- 1077638
TI  - [Dental delivery in Sweden].

PMID- 1077639
TI  - [Experiences with English national health service].

PMID- 1077640
TI  - [Dental delivery in Gabon].

PMID- 1077641
TI  - [Center for continuing education in Stuttgart].

PMID- 1077642
TI  - [Fluoride and its use in stomatology].

PMID- 1077643
TI  - [Materials in orthodontics].

PMID- 1077644
TI  - [Orthodontic pathology].

PMID- 1077645
TI  - [The orofacial system].

PMID- 1077646
TI  - [Pathology of orofacial systems].

PMID- 1077647
TI  - [Compressors in the dental technical laboratory].

PMID- 1077648
TI  - [Hygiene of dental laboratories].

PMID- 1077649
TI  - [Pathology of the orofacial system. 4. Diseases of the tooth-supporting
      structures].

PMID- 1077650
TI  - [Direction process of the chief stomatologist and the chief dental technician as
      an information process].

PMID- 1077651
TI  - [Oral pathology].

PMID- 1077652
TI  - [Pathology of the orofacial system. 4].

PMID- 1077653
TI  - [Heating appliances for stomatologic technic. IV].

PMID- 1077654
TI  - [Thoughts on structure, organization, direction and duties of dental technician
      training laboratories in East Germany].

PMID- 1077655
TI  - [The supervisory duty of the stomatologic supervisor and chief dental technician
      as an information process].

PMID- 1077656
TI  - [Use of bookeeping as means of organizing and accounting of socialized
      enterprises in dental technology].

PMID- 1077657
TI  - [Technological evaluation of inlay construction].

PMID- 1077659
TI  - [Special electric equipment as important means in dental technology I].

PMID- 1077658
TI  - [Construction and function of an instruction file. Work and health protection in
      the stomatologic laboratory].

PMID- 1077660
TI  - [Experience and perspectives of dental technician education].

PMID- 1077661
TI  - [10-Year law on organized socialized education system].

PMID- 1077662
TI  - [25 years of organized and systematic continuing education for laboratory in the
      area of Halle].

PMID- 1077663
TI  - [Technological studies on hydropneumatic over-pressure polymerization of cold
      plastics. 2].

PMID- 1077664
TI  - [Crown ceramics].

PMID- 1077665
TI  - [Principles of treatment of maxillofacial injuries].

PMID- 1077666
TI  - [Pathology of the orofacial systems].

PMID- 1077667
TI  - [Ventilators and exhausts for the dental laboratory].

PMID- 1077668
TI  - [Establishing objectively necessary information for laboratory chiefs and
      workers].

PMID- 1077669
TI  - [Methods for temporary care of prepared tooth stumps].

PMID- 1077670
TI  - [Injuries to the facial skeleton].

PMID- 1077671
TI  - [Vacuum pump as important instrument for the laboratory technician].

PMID- 1077672
TI  - [Significance, organization and function of central educational organization of
      dental technicians].

PMID- 1077673
TI  - [Significance of collective work in dental practice for the effectiveness of
      prosthetic stomatology].

PMID- 1077674
TI  - [Rational modification of the Schwenk plate--for modern jaw orthodontics].

PMID- 1077675
TI  - [The orofacial system].

PMID- 1077676
TI  - [Pathology of the orofacial system].

PMID- 1077677
TI  - [The final exam for dental technicians].

PMID- 1077678
TI  - [Significance, construction and functions of data depository technology].

PMID- 1077679
TI  - [Are the chief dental technicians pioneers of continuing education?].

PMID- 1077680
TI  - [The use of dowel pins from the viewpoint of occupational health].

PMID- 1077681
TI  - [Gold covering of prosthesis models].

PMID- 1077682
TI  - [Technological study on hydropneumatic pressure-polymerization of cold plastics.
      3].

PMID- 1077683
TI  - [Pathology of the orofacial systems].

PMID- 1077684
TI  - [Presses in stomatologic technic].

PMID- 1077686
TI  - [Construction of orthodontic appliances for adults].

PMID- 1077685
TI  - [Organizing the workers at the Zeulenroda dental laboratory into a "collective of
      socialized work"].

PMID- 1077687
TI  - [Technology for crowns].

PMID- 1077688
TI  - [Ovens for stomatologic technic. I].

PMID- 1077689
TI  - [Model materials and special models].

PMID- 1077691
TI  - [Delayed damage after maxillofacial fractures].

PMID- 1077690
TI  - [Complex rehabilitation of cleft patients in the clinic in Thallwitz with special
      reference to the surgical viewpoint].

PMID- 1077692
TI  - [On-the-job training as part of objective qualification].

PMID- 1077693
TI  - [Possibilities of a rational procedure for work in dental technology from the
      viewpoint of the dentist].

PMID- 1077694
TI  - [Complex rehabilitation of cleft palate patients of the clinic Thallwitz from the
      stomatological point of view].

PMID- 1077695
TI  - [Indication and construction of a nose dilator].

PMID- 1077696
TI  - [Heating equipment for stomatological technic. 2].

PMID- 1077697
TI  - [Model material and special models].

PMID- 1077698
TI  - [Complex rehabilitation of cleft patients in the Thallwitz clinic with reference
      to orthodontics, surgery and speech therapy].

PMID- 1077699
TI  - [Heating devices for stomatologic technic. 3].

PMID- 1077700
TI  - [Interim study plan for the training of dental technicians].

PMID- 1077701
TI  - [Thoughts on lighting in the dental laboratory].

PMID- 1077702
TI  - [Orthodontic pathology].

PMID- 1077704
TI  - [Pathology of the orofacial system].

PMID- 1077703
TI  - [Basic principles of scientific work organization].

PMID- 1077705
TI  - [Special electrical instruments in the stomatologic laboratory. II].

PMID- 1077706
TI  - [Total prosthesis. 4. Analysis of plastic models].

PMID- 1077707
TI  - [Technology and construction of one piece crowns and provisional care of the
      prepared tooth].

PMID- 1077709
TI  - [Orofacial system].

PMID- 1077708
TI  - [Unusual placement of a displaced retained canine].

PMID- 1077710
TI  - [Comparison of elastic behavior of a new model casting alloy].

PMID- 1077711
TI  - [A simple appliance for space closure in the lower jaw after loss of the 6 year
      molar at a young age].

PMID- 1077712
TI  - [Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract due to damaged masticatory function of
      the orofacial system].

PMID- 1077713
TI  - [Development of dental laboratories in Halle-Neustadt].

PMID- 1077714
TI  - [The orofacial system].

PMID- 1077715
TI  - [Electric motors in stomatologic technic with special regard to the functional
      use of additional parts. II].

PMID- 1077716
TI  - [New items in our laboratory].

PMID- 1077717
TI  - [Basic principles of scientific work organization].

PMID- 1077718
TI  - [Regulation on the use of precious metals in stomatologic practice, June 18,
      1975].

PMID- 1077719
TI  - [Guidelines to the legislation on the use of precious metals in dentistry since
      June 18, 1975].

PMID- 1077720
TI  - [Materials in orthodontic stomatology].

PMID- 1077721
TI  - [Oral pathology].

PMID- 1077722
TI  - [Pathology of the orofacial system].

PMID- 1077723
TI  - [Plastic disperse technic for basing of total prosthesis].

PMID- 1077724
TI  - [Correction of model dies for construction of fused crowns].

PMID- 1077726
TI  - [Pathology of the orofacial system].

PMID- 1077725
TI  - [Disease teaching].

PMID- 1077727
TI  - [Special electrical appliances as an important means for stomatologic technic.
      III].

PMID- 1077728
TI  - [Fixed columns for centrifuge].

PMID- 1077729
TI  - [WAO--level of quality as a standard for technical quality evaluation].

PMID- 1077730
TI  - [Clinical instruction].

PMID- 1077731
TI  - [Measurement and regulation appliances for stomatologic technic. I].

PMID- 1077732
TI  - [Rationalization of fusion technic for "Ring Sieve-fusion"].

PMID- 1077733
TI  - [Construction and function on a precision sharpening machine].

PMID- 1077734
TI  - [Approval of model fusion plates].

PMID- 1077735
TI  - [Development of a theoretical and practical concept of construction of manual
      chain--production in prosthesis].

PMID- 1077736
TI  - [Measurement instruments and rulers for stomatologic technic. II].

PMID- 1077737
TI  - [WP1 Press for water pressure polymerization].

PMID- 1077739
TI  - [Orofacial system].

PMID- 1077738
TI  - [Pupils participate in the MMM--developing creative initiative conducts to
      success and developing recognition].

PMID- 1077740
TI  - [Measurement and regulation appliances for stomatologic technic. III].

PMID- 1077741
TI  - [IX. Central continuing education day of the dental technicians of East Germany
      from 23-25 August 1976 in Halle (Saale)].

PMID- 1077742
TI  - [Total prosthesis. 8. The cooperation of the dental technician or dental
      assistant in the selection of artificial teeth].

PMID- 1077743
TI  - [On the properties of dental plaster].

PMID- 1077744
TI  - [Orofacial system].

PMID- 1077745
TI  - [Total prosthesis].

PMID- 1077746
TI  - [Measurement instruments for stomatologic technic. IV].

PMID- 1077747
TI  - [Keracette, a ceramic shell tooth].

PMID- 1077748
TI  - [The orofacial system].

PMID- 1077749
TI  - [Positioning of the technic machine].

PMID- 1077750
TI  - [Construction of an electrical centrifuge for stomatologic technic].

PMID- 1077751
TI  - [Planning, organization and administration of central specialty teaching 1977].

PMID- 1077752
TI  - [Prosthetic care of anterior rest denture].

PMID- 1077753
TI  - [Use of models and methods in operative research in dental technic].

PMID- 1077754
TI  - [Orofacial system].

PMID- 1077755
TI  - [Electrical motors in stomatologic technic with special consideration for
      additions needed for function. 1].

PMID- 1077756
TI  - [Theory and practice--considerations of experience and time of our education].

PMID- 1077757
TI  - Hypotonia in infancy.

PMID- 1077758
TI  - Intracranial hypertension--early symptom of childhood meningeal leukemia.

PMID- 1077759
TI  - Diphenylhydantoin treatment.

PMID- 1077760
TI  - Effect of propranolol on blood pressure in normal and hypertensive rats.

PMID- 1077761
TI  - beta-blocking drugs and renin secretion in the anaesthetized dog.
AB  - 1. The effect of propranolol and sotalol on renin secretion was studied in the
      anaesthetized dog. 2. beta-adrenergic blockade did not modify basal renin
      secretion and did not affect the rise of renin secretion induced by haemorrhage
      or aortic constriction. 3. beta-adrenergic blockade diminished the rise in renin
      secretion induced by stimulation of the renal nerves.

PMID- 1077762
TI  - Report on Round Table on renin as a risk factor in hypertension.

PMID- 1077763
TI  - Plasma renin, urinary sodium excretion and vascular disease.
AB  - 1. Urinary sodium excretion and plasma renin activity have been measured in a
      group of persons with untreated mild hypertension and in a control normotensive
      group. 2. Preliminary analyses of the data indicate that the daily sodium
      excretion was significantly higher in the hypertensive group but the plasma renin
      activity did not correlate significantly with the urinary excretion of sodium. 3.
      These findings suggest that sodium intake was significantly greater in a
      population with mild hypertension than in a comparable normotensive group.

PMID- 1077764
TI  - Plasma renin activity and cardiovascular disease.
AB  - 1. A group of patients with essential hypertension was divided into three
      categories on the basis of the plasma renin activity. 2. There was no correlation
      between the plasma renin activity categorized as high, normal or low and the
      duration of hypertension, the incidence of left ventricular enlargement, the
      blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, cholesterol or uric acid respectively. 3.
      Analysis of data showed that the incidence of cardiovascular events in the
      hypertensive population correlated with the plasma renin activity only in
      combination with known risk factors.

PMID- 1077765
TI  - Inhibition of the pressor and aldosterone-releasing effects of angiotensin II.
AB  - 1. Competitive or non-competitive inhibition of the myotropic and pressor
      response of angiotensin II is dependent on the nature of the substituent in
      position 8 of the antagonist peptide analogue. Substituents in other positions of
      the molecule, particularly position 1, contribute greatly to the potency of these
      antagonists. 2. As is evidenced after adrenalectomy or after blockade with
      phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine, the initial pressor activity observed with all
      the antagonistic peptides is partially due to the release of catecholamines and
      partially to a direct myotropic effect. 3. [Sar1, Thr8]angiotensin II has been
      found to possess the lowest agonist to antagonist ratio of all antagonists
      tested. 4. [Des-Asp1, Ile8]angiotensin II selectively and specifically inhibits
      the release of aldosterone from adrenal cortex. Thus, unlike angiotensin II, this
      heptapeptide has pronounced organ specificity, suggesting that the heptapeptide
      (angiotensin III) is the aldosterone-releasing hormone.

PMID- 1077766
TI  - Pathogenesis and prevention of stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - 1. A colony of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats has been developed by
      selective breeding. 2. These animals developed severe hypertension early in life,
      the magnitude of the hypertension being closely related to the incidence of
      stroke. 3. No evidence was obtained of any humoral factor responsible for
      strokes. 4. Local factors predisposing to stroke were a scanty arterial supply
      with characteristic recurrent branching of long and large arteries, together with
      increased vascular permeability, angio-necrosis, and formation of microaneurysms.
      5. Strokes could be prevented by adequate antihypertensive therapy from an early
      age.

PMID- 1077767
TI  - A pilot trial of treatment for mild hypertension; interim report of the Medical
      Research Council's trial in Britain.
AB  - Progress in the pilot phase of the British multicentre randomized controlled
      trial of treatment for patients with mild hypertension is described.

PMID- 1077768
TI  - Yoga and biofeedback in the management of 'stress' in hypertensive patients.
AB  - 1. Psychophysical relaxation exercises based on yogic principles and reinforced
      by biofeedback instruments were used for behaviour modification in sixteen
      hypertensive subjects. 2. Preliminary studies indicated that their pressor
      response to emotional and physical stimuli became less exaggerated and less
      protracted compared with controls.

PMID- 1077769
TI  - Comparative pharmacology of new specific angiotensin antagonists.
AB  - 1. The angiotensin II antagonism by newly synthesized 8-C-phenylglycine analogues
      of [5-isoleucine]angiotensin II in different preparations was investigated in
      vitro and in vivo. 2. All analogues competitively inhibited the myotropic effect
      of angiotensin II on the isolated colon ascendens of the guinea-pig and the
      stomach of the rat. 3. In normotensive dogs, cats, rabbits, guinea-pigs and rats
      the blood pressure response to infused angiotensin II was inhibited by the
      antagonists. The angiotensin II-induced fall in renal blood flow in the dog was
      blocked during infusion of the analogues. Acute renal hypertension in rats was
      significantly decreased. Of conscious rats variously with normal blood pressures,
      spontaneous hypertension and chronic renal hypertension, only in the last group
      could a marked uniform fall in blood pressure be demonstrated. The central
      pressor effect of angiotensin II was also inhibited in conscious rats. 4. 8-C
      Phenylglycine analogues of [5-isoleucine]-angiotensin II exhibit a specific
      antagonistic activity to endogenous and exogenous angiotensin II.

PMID- 1077770
TI  - Adrenergic mechanisms in human hypertension and in spontaneously hypertensive
      rats.
AB  - 1. The role of adrenergic neuronal mechanisms in the development of early
      hypertension in man and the spontaneously hypertensive rat has been explored. 2.
      In both, a hyperkinetic circulatory state is associated with reduced
      parasympathetic and increased adrenergic cardiac influences. 3. Spontaneously
      hypertensive and normotensive control rats were treated with propranolol from
      conception until 12 weeks. Although heart rate and output remained reduced, there
      was no difference in growth or elaboration of pressure with respect to their
      untreated controls. 4. After another series of spontaneously hypertensive and
      control rats received cardiac autonomic blockade (atropine and timolol), they
      sequentially received alpha-adrenergic blockade (phenoxybenzamine), ganglionic
      blockade (trimethaphan) and smooth-muscle vasodilatation (hydralazine). These
      studies revealed only a small pressure differential between the two groups before
      hydralazine and still less thereafter; unlike the control rats, pressure in
      spontaneously hypertensive rats fell markedly after ganglionic blockade as a
      result of reduced output, indicating greater adrenergic control mediated through
      venoconstriction. 5. These findings indicate: increased cardiovascular adrenergic
      control in young spontaneously hypertensive rats, the hyperkinetic circulation
      merely reflecting one aspect of increased total cardiovascular input. Structural
      alterations seem to participate minimally. 6. These experimental observations
      closely, resemble findings in early hypertensive man, and it is suggested that
      altered total cardiovascular adrenergic input is responsible for the elaboration,
      development, and maintenance of essential hypertension in man.

PMID- 1077771
TI  - The vasomotor centre and its afferent pathways.
AB  - 1. Experiments were carried out on two groups of anaesthetized greyhounds. The
      response of the first group to infusions of angiotensin II into a vertebral
      artery for 5 min and to bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries for 2
      min was studied before and after bilateral ablation of the areas postrema. The
      response of the second group to infusions of angiotensin and to carotid occlusion
      was studied before and after mid-collicular transection of the midbrain. 2.
      Bilateral ablation of the areas postrema abolished the response to angiotensin
      infused into a vertebral artery at the dose used but did not significantly alter
      the response to carotid occlusion. Transection of the midbrain did not abolish
      the response to either procedure. 3. It is concluded that the structures involved
      in the cardiovascular response to carotid occlusion are anatomically distinct
      from the area postrema and that neither response requires the integrity of
      connections above the pons. 4. An attempt has been made to construct a schematic
      diagram of the vasomotor centre.

PMID- 1077772
TI  - Control of high and low blood pressure in the dog by aortic and sinus nerves.
AB  - 1. Changes in afferent activity in the aortic and sinus nerves with alterations
      of blood pressure were studied in anesthetized dogs. Mean aortic blood pressure
      was changed from 220 to 50 mmHg by using a pressurized reservoir connected to the
      abdominal aorta. 2. The stimulus--response curve (defined by measuring the mean
      impulse frequency at various pressures) from both nerves was S-shaped; the curve
      for the aortic nerve was shifted to the right of the sinus nerve curve. 3. In the
      dog, the aortic arch baroreceptors act predominantly as an anti-hypertensive
      mechanism; at lower pressures, the major control occurs through the sinus
      baroreflex.

PMID- 1077773
TI  - Spinal sympathetic reflexes in the cat and the pathogenesis of arterial
      hypertension.
AB  - 1. In vagotomized anaesthetized cats with both common carotid arteries occluded,
      stretch of the thoracic aorta induced reflex increases in arterial blood
      pressure, heart rate and left ventricular dP/dtmax. Similar responses were
      obtained in cats with spinal transection at the level of the first cervical nerve
      roots. 2. The hypothesis is advanced that sympathetic excitatory reflexes may
      contribute to the maintenance of hypertension through positive feedback.

PMID- 1077774
TI  - Carotid baroceptor re-setting in the hypertensive dog.
AB  - 1. The behaviour of forty-four single carotid baroreceptor fibres from nine dogs
      with normal blood pressure was contrasted with that of forty-seven single fibres
      from nine dogs with renal (nephrectomy--clip) hypertension. 2. It was found that
      in response to a square-wave pressure step, the mean steady-state threshold
      pressure was 99.23 mmHg for the normotensive dogs and 129.13 mmHg for the
      hypertensive dogs. 3. The degree of re-setting appeared to correlate with the
      duration of the hypertension but was not seen until an animal had been
      hypertensive for more than 4 days. 4. In one animal, hypertensive for 7 weeks but
      whose blood pressure returned towards normal after removal of the clip, the
      receptor characteristics was normal. 5. No change in the gain of the receptor
      sensitivity was seen. 6. Light-microscopy and electron miscroscopy of the
      opposite (non-perfused) carotid sinus revealed no differences in the fibre
      morphology or density between the hypertensive and normotensive animals (a random
      sampling, four normal and six hypertensive).

PMID- 1077775
TI  - The intrinsic brain iso-renin--angiotensin system in the rat: its possible role
      in central mechanisms of blood pressure regulation.
AB  - 1. Angiotensin is produced by the intrinsic isorenin--angiotensin system. 2.
      Angiotensin is secreted into the cerebrospinal fluid of nephrectomized rats. 3.
      Angiotensin in cerebrospinal fluid elevates systemic blood pressure. 4. Rats with
      hereditary diabetes insipidus are virtually non-responsive to intraventricular
      angiotensin. 5. Angiotensin II is elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of
      spontaneously hypertensive rats. 6. An intraventricular perfusion of the
      angiotensin II receptor-blocking agent P 113 decreases blood pressure in
      spontaneously hypertensive rats.

PMID- 1077776
TI  - The response of the renin--angiotensin systems in rats to the injection of
      angiotensin II antibodies.
AB  - 1. Antibodies against angiotensin II were purified by affinity chromatography. 2.
      When injected intravenously into rats, the antibody distributed in the
      extracellular space with a half-time of 11 h and a distribution volume of about
      10 ml/100 g body weight. The antibody was eliminated with a half-time of 7 days.
      3. Plasma angiotensin II concentrations increased about 100-fold the control
      values 7 min after antibody injection and declined in parallel with the antibody
      concentration. It was calculated that only about 1--4% of the binding capacity of
      the antibody was occupied by angiotensin throughout the experiment. 4. Since the
      plasma renin concentration was normal, except during the short initial phase of
      stimulation, it is concluded that upon antibody injection the renin-angiotensin
      system rapidly reached an equilibrium, with concentrations of free angiotensin
      close to or identical with normal concentrations.

PMID- 1077777
TI  - The central hypotensive action of clonidine and BAY 1470 in cats and rats.

PMID- 1077778
TI  - Central serotonergic neurons and experimental neurogenic and renal hypertension
      in the rabbit.
AB  - 1. Rabbits received intracisternal injections of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (5,6
      DHT) in order to ablate central serotonergic nerves and deplete central serotonin
      stores. Depletion was most marked in the spinal cord where serotonin
      concentration was reduced to less than 50% of that in rabbits given control
      injections. 2. In normal rabbits, intracisternal 5,6-DHT caused a transient
      reduction in arterial pressure, which was maximal 1 week after injection. 3.
      Intracisternal 5,6-DHT completely prevented the neurogenic hypertension produced
      by sinoaortic denervation in control animals and reversed it when given after
      sustained neurogenic hypertension had developed in denervated animals. These
      studies suggest that central serotonergic neurons participate in the baroreceptor
      reflex arc. 4. Intracisternal 5,6-DHT did not modify the renal hypertension that
      follows bilateral renal wrapping.

PMID- 1077779
TI  - Relationships between plasma renin activity and urinary and plasma
      catecholamines.

PMID- 1077780
TI  - Dopa, catecholamines and their metabolites in essential hypertension.
AB  - 1. Urinary excretion of dopa, catecholamines and their metabolites
      (vanillylmandelic acid, methoxycatecholamines, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol
      and homovanillic acid) were studied in eighty patients with essential
      hypertension and in twenty-five healthy control subjects. 2. Increased urinary
      excretion of catecholamines, dopa and catecholamine metabolites was found in a
      proportion of cases. 3. The relationship between urinary excretion of
      catecholamine metabolites and the excretion of dopa and noradrenaline was
      studied. 4. In view of the suggested significance of 3-methoxy-4
      hydroxyphenylglycol as an index of brain catecholamine metabolism, particular
      attention was paid to urinary excretion of this metabolite in the subjects under
      study.

PMID- 1077781
TI  - Effect of a competitive angiotensin antagonist on the renal haemodynamic changes
      induced by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in rats.
AB  - 1. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin induced an increase in
      blood pressure which did not occur when rats were bilaterally nephrectomized. 2.
      The blood pressure effect was related to the state of sodium balance and thus to
      the activity of the renin--angiotensin system. 3. Indomethacin induced a decrease
      in renal blood flow. 4. Angiotensin receptor blockade with Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin
      II blunted the blood pressure effect and prevented the renal haemodynamic changes
      induced by indomethacin.

PMID- 1077782
TI  - Renal prostaglandin synthesis in experimental renal-clip hypertension in the rat.
AB  - 1. The hypothesis that suppression of prostaglandin E synthesis by indomethacin
      exacerbates renal-clip hypertension in the rat was investigated in four groups of
      rats. 2. Indomethacin was shown to exacerbate hypertension in renal-clip animals.
      3. Synthesis of prostaglandin E, determined by gas--liquid chromatography, was
      suppressed in medullary tissue from the hypertensive animals irrespective of
      indomethacin treatment. 4. The findings support the concept that prostaglandins
      participate in the blood pressure regulatory function of the kidney but pose a
      number of unsolved questions.

PMID- 1077783
TI  - Effect of prostaglandins (E2 and A2) on the enzymatic reaction of human renin in
      isolated homologous system and with added normal and hypertensive plasma.
AB  - 1. Prostaglandin E2 significantly inhibits the renin reaction in whole plasma as
      well as in the isolated system of semi-purified human renin and human renin
      substrate. The inhibitory effect of prostaglandin A2 was less marked in whole
      plasma and absent in the isolated system. 2. The inhibitory effect of
      prostaglandin E2 was more marked in normal than hypertensive plasma and was
      maximal at the lowest concentration used. In hypertensive plasma the maximal
      inhibitory effect was achieved at tenfold higher concentrations. 3. In normal
      plasma prostaglandin E2 does not affect the rate of product formation (k5 = k6),
      but inhibits the overall renin reaction by decreasing the total amount of
      available enzyme-substrate and enzyme--substrate modifier complex (K2 less than
      K3). 4. In hypertensive plasma prostaglandin E2 acts as a potential accelerator
      of the rate of product formation (k6 greater than k5). In the range of substrate
      concentration employed, the apparent inhibitory effect is explained by an even
      greater lack of available complex (K less than K3). This behaviour in
      hypertensive plasma is consistent with the presence of an additional modifier (?
      activator).

PMID- 1077784
TI  - Blockade of renin release by lanthanum.
AB  - 1. The effects of lanthanum on renin release and renal vasoconstriction were
      studied in the isolated perfused rat kidney. 2. Lanthanum reduced noradrenaline
      induced renal vasoconstriction. 3. Lanthanum prevented isoprenaline-induced and
      glucagon-induced stimulation of renin secretion.

PMID- 1077785
TI  - Differential effect of prostaglandin A1 in hypertensive patients with low, normal
      and high renin.

PMID- 1077786
TI  - Angiotensin blockade in studies of the feedback control of renin release in rats
      and rabbits.
AB  - 1. In rabbits actively immunized against angiotensin II (AII), the appearance of
      anti-AII antibodies was associated with a rise in plasma renin activity (PRA),
      which did not occur in mock-immunized controls. 2. In conscious rabbits, infusion
      of the angiotensin inhibitor, Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II (P-113), at rates of
      0.055, 0.22 or 1.1 nmol min-1 kg-1 into the renal artery, caused dose-related
      increases in arterial PRA and renal arteriovenous PRA difference. Renal blood
      flow fell with the high dose, but not with the low or medium doses. A fall in
      arterial pressure, asynchronous with peak renin secretion, accompanied the medium
      and high-dose infusions. 3. Intravenous infusion of inhibitor P-113, 5.5 nmol
      min-1 kg-1, into anaesthetized rats produced highly significant increases in PRA
      and plasma renin concentration without reduction in arterial pressure. There were
      no changes in PRA or plasma renin concentration in saline-infused control rats.
      4. These findings suggest that AII blockade interrupts a negative feedback loop
      controlling renin secretion.

PMID- 1077787
TI  - Intrarenal formation of angiotensin II in the rat: interference by Saralasin and
      SQ 20881.

PMID- 1077788
TI  - Effect of angiotensin II and of an angiotensin II analogue (Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin
      II) on blood pressure, plasma aldosterone and plasma renin activity in the dog.
AB  - 1. The effect of infusions of equimolar doses of angiotensin II (AII) and of the
      angiotensin analogue Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II on arterial blood pressure, plasma
      aldosterone and plasma renin activity were compared in normal anaesthetized
      dexamethasone suppressed dogs. 2. Angiotensin II induced a significant increase
      of blood pressure and of plasma aldosterone whereas plasma renin activity
      decreased. The blood pressure was only slightly affected by large doses of the
      analogue. Plasma aldosterone, however, increased and plasma renin activity
      decreased. These changes were significant but less pronounced than after the
      infusions of angiotensin II. Plasma aldosterone remained high and renin activity
      low for 40 min after the infusions of the analogue. 3. The results suggest a
      strong agonistic potency of Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II at the adrenal and renal
      angiotensin receptors, and that it is almost ineffective at the vascular
      receptors. The inhibition of renin secretion by angiotensin seems not be related
      to its vasoconstrictive activity.

PMID- 1077789
TI  - The pressor role of angiotensin in salt deprivation and renal hypertension in
      rats.

PMID- 1077790
TI  - The role of the renin--angiotensin--aldosterone system in cardiovascular
      homeostasis in normal man.
AB  - 1. To examine the role of angiotensin II in the maintenance of blood pressure and
      control of aldosterone secretion, eight normal human subjects were studied on a
      tilt table in sodium-replete and sodium-depleted states, before and after the
      administration of an angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitor (CEI). 2.
      Administration of CEI was followed by a marked fall in blood pressure on tilting
      in sodium-depleted, but not in sodium-replete, subjects. CEI administration also
      resulted in a rise in plasma renin activity in the supine position, in the
      absence of haemodynamic change. The rise in plasma aldosterone observed both in
      response to tilting and sodium depletion did not occur after CEI, even though
      plasma renin activities were higher. 3. These results indicate that: (a)
      angiotensin II is essential for blood pressure control in the sodium-depleted
      individual; (b) angiotensin II exerts direct feedback control on renin secretion;
      (c) angiotensin II is the primary stimulus to aldosterone secretion in response
      to both sodium depletion and posture.

PMID- 1077791
TI  - Treatment of patients with severe hypertension by inhibition of angiotensin
      converting enzyme.
AB  - 1. The results of the administration of the nona-peptide inhibitor (SQ 20,881) of
      the enzymatic conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II in twelve severe
      hypertensive patients are presented. 2. Administration of the compound was
      associated with a fall in blood pressure in ten of twelve patients. 3. Four
      patients had a normal plasma renin activity (PRA) with a range of 1.6-3.7 ng h-1
      ml-1 and eight patients had a high PRA with a range of 5.0-74 ng h-1 ml-1. Two of
      the patients with normal PRA had no fall in blood pressure despite receiving 2
      mg/kg of the compound. Two patients with normal PRA, however, did respond, thus
      indicating that a high PRA is not necessary for a response to the inhibitor
      compound. 4. It was found that haemodialysis or diuresis with frusemide enhanced
      the blood pressure response to the compound. 5. The presence of a measured low
      total blood volume was found to be associated with an exaggerated fall in blood
      pressure to a small dose of compound (0.125 mg/kg) in one patient.

PMID- 1077792
TI  - The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in the diagnosis and treatment
      of hypertension.
AB  - 1. The anti-hypertensive effect of converting enzyme inhibition was evaluated in
      twenty-three hypertensive patients (seven renovascular, four essential, four
      malignant, one scleroderma, three chronic renal failure, four primary or
      idiopathic aldosteronism). 2. In sixteen patients a single injection (1--4 mg/kg)
      of the inhibitor produced an immediate anti-hypertensive effect, which lasted up
      to 16 h. In six patients the anti-hypertensive effect of the inhibitor was
      significantly improved after sodium depletion. 3. Plasma renin activities
      increased and plasma aldosterone concentrations decreased consistently except in
      idiopathic aldosteronism. 4. Converting enzyme inhibition provides a direct way
      of defining the degree of renin-dependency of the hypertension. Accordingly, it
      can be used diagnostically and for planning appropriate therapy. Therapeutically,
      it could be advantageous in hypertensive emergencies because of its safety,
      specificity and capacity to reduce aldosterone secretion.

PMID- 1077793
TI  - Effect of volume depletion and subsequent propranolol treatment on blood pressure
      and plasma renin activity in patients with essential and with renovascular
      hypertension.

PMID- 1077794
TI  - [Boundaries of social state and dentistry].

PMID- 1077795
TI  - [Jurisprudence and its evolution in dentistry].

PMID- 1077796
TI  - [Odontograph. Classic apparatus for research].

PMID- 1077797
TI  - [Oral contraception and the gingival mucosa].

PMID- 1077798
TI  - [A case of ankylosis of a permanent molar].

PMID- 1077799
TI  - [Prevention of periodontal diseases in the child].

PMID- 1077800
TI  - [Cleaning of instruments by ultrasound].

PMID- 1077801
TI  - [Electrophysiologic approach to sophronization].

PMID- 1077802
TI  - [An instrument for measuring occlusal force in the middle of piezoelectric
      ceramics].

PMID- 1077803
TI  - [Comparison of caries, dental arches and palatal vaults in two homozygotic
      twins].

PMID- 1077804
TI  - Local anesthetics.

PMID- 1077805
TI  - [Selective tomography and the pain-dysfunction syndrome of the masticatory
      apparatus].

PMID- 1077806
TI  - [Application of the study of surface states to the polishing of nickel-chrome. 1.
      Methods of control].

PMID- 1077807
TI  - [The Fischer angle and programmable articulators].

PMID- 1077808
TI  - [Definition of the concept of insertability].

PMID- 1077809
TI  - [Programming the Hanau "University model 130.21" articulator in view of the
      preparation of complete dentures].

PMID- 1077810
TI  - [Preparation of prosthetic occlusal surfaces: choice of materials].

PMID- 1077811
TI  - Why I cannot use the N2-Sargenti method.

PMID- 1077812
TI  - [Dentistry, Social Security and the economics of health].

PMID- 1077814
TI  - [Professional responsibility].

PMID- 1077813
TI  - [Dentists, the press and public opinion].

PMID- 1077815
TI  - [Economic impact of general anesthesia].

PMID- 1077816
TI  - [Social and health effects].

PMID- 1077817
TI  - [Health in China].

PMID- 1077818
TI  - [Physiology of mastication and deglutition].

PMID- 1077819
TI  - [Use of essential aromatic oils to purify and deodorize the air].

PMID- 1077820
TI  - [Complications due to local anesthesia: cardiac syncope and allergic shock].

PMID- 1077821
TI  - [Resuscitation equipment for the dental office].

PMID- 1077822
TI  - [Social protection in Quebec].

PMID- 1077823
TI  - [Money].

PMID- 1077824
TI  - [Unity of oral pathology and unity of detection of oral neoplasms. Sjogren's
      syndrome].

PMID- 1077825
TI  - [Design of a minimum office].

PMID- 1077827
TI  - [Psychological aspects of the oral cavity].

PMID- 1077826
TI  - [Articulators and registration with relation to the mandible].

PMID- 1077828
TI  - [Rebasing complete dentures].

PMID- 1077829
TI  - [Cycle of conferences].

PMID- 1077830
TI  - [Manipulation of society].

PMID- 1077831
TI  - [Oral cancer].

PMID- 1077832
TI  - [Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis].

PMID- 1077833
TI  - [Management of cardiovascular patients].

PMID- 1077835
TI  - [Overbite clinic].

PMID- 1077834
TI  - [Design of an office in an office building].

PMID- 1077836
TI  - [Design of a dental office].

PMID- 1077837
TI  - [Non-precious metal alloys for porcelain metal restorations].

PMID- 1077838
TI  - [Use of composite resins in the dental operatory].

PMID- 1077839
TI  - [Photography clinic].

PMID- 1077840
TI  - Biofeedback: new answer to dental pain. It can be administered easily and
      inexpensively in any dental office.

PMID- 1077841
TI  - Pay as you go: coralling those reluctant collection dollars. Dentists are
      applying more muscle than ever before. And feeling stronger for it.

PMID- 1077842
TI  - The color war in dentistry. Starchy white or flashy pink? Just what is the right
      way to dress in the office?

PMID- 1077843
TI  - On control.

PMID- 1077844
TI  - Sure cure for the empty nest syndrome. When your wife runs out of children to
      raise, why not let her work in your office.

PMID- 1077846
TI  - How to be your own worst enemy. It's easy. Just try to please everybody.

PMID- 1077845
TI  - How your fees stack up now. Fee adjustments can't be avoided. Here are the
      problems to expect, and the ways to avoid them.

PMID- 1077847
TI  - "My insurance forms write themselves!".

PMID- 1077848
TI  - Supply and distribution of dental hygienists in the United States.

PMID- 1077849
TI  - Studies evaluating a fluoride-containing prophylactic cup.

PMID- 1077850
TI  - Behavioral sciences in the dental hygiene curriculum.

PMID- 1077851
TI  - Alcoholism--a nutritional approach.

PMID- 1077852
TI  - Asymmetry in the bone weight of the rabbit mandible.

PMID- 1077853
TI  - On color reaction of alpha-cholestanol with acyloxysulfonium salt solutions
      prepared by several sulfoxides and acetyl chloride.

PMID- 1077854
TI  - Effect of CHPMA on physical properties and adhesive properties of fluid resin.

PMID- 1077855
TI  - Studies on the consecutive survey of succedaneous and permanent dentition in the
      Japanese children. Part 11. On the difference between variations in the eruptive
      time of mandibular first premolars and their root formation.

PMID- 1077856
TI  - Influence of fluorides on the properties of set product of silicate cement.

PMID- 1077857
TI  - Potentiostatic polarization curves for dental amalgams by means of potential
      sweep method.

PMID- 1077858
TI  - An electromyographic study on the masticatory muscles in the crossbite patients
      before and after orthodontic treatment.

PMID- 1077859
TI  - Guidelines for hiring and utilization of a dental hygienist.

PMID- 1077860
TI  - Hygienists vs. hypertension.

PMID- 1077861
TI  - A hygienist looks at New Zealand.

PMID- 1077862
TI  - Expanded functions--where should one start?

PMID- 1077863
TI  - The evolution of dental hygiene, or how we got where we are today.

PMID- 1077864
TI  - Managing a dental hygiene maintenance program. A new role for hygienists in the
      private dental office.

PMID- 1077866
TI  - [Dentists in Australia: licensure and working conditions].

PMID- 1077865
TI  - Patterns of dental health and dental disease.

PMID- 1077867
TI  - [Hydrodynamic reactions of dentin as consequence of therapeutic proceedings].

PMID- 1077868
TI  - [Xylitol. Sugar alcohol replacing ordinary sugar].

PMID- 1077869
TI  - [Tanzania from one mouth's viewpoint].

PMID- 1077870
TI  - [Bad breath. Halitosis. Foeter ex ore].

PMID- 1077871
TI  - [Total intraoral X-ray examination: common mistakes causing re-exposures].

PMID- 1077872
TI  - [Evaluation of a questionnaire for general anamnesis].

PMID- 1077874
TI  - [Journal keeping in the dental practice].

PMID- 1077873
TI  - [Master of Public Health. Additional training in another manner].

PMID- 1077875
TI  - [Danish dental assistance to developing countries].

PMID- 1077876
TI  - [One year as oral surgeon in Kenya].

PMID- 1077877
TI  - [Denmark ought to support continuously a school project in Uganda].

PMID- 1077878
TI  - [Local analgesia and pregnancy].

PMID- 1077879
TI  - [Intrusion of permanent incisors].

PMID- 1077880
TI  - [A case of a traumatic bone cyst].

PMID- 1077881
TI  - [Stand up or sit down dentistry?].

PMID- 1077882
TI  - [Public assessment of dentists will produce better dental care!].

PMID- 1077884
TI  - [Socialization can become a step backwards].

PMID- 1077883
TI  - [Local analgesics and dental practice. Complications in connection with local
      analgesics].

PMID- 1077886
TI  - [Dentists' prescribing privileges].

PMID- 1077885
TI  - [Cicatrix of the inferior alveololabial sulcus].

PMID- 1077887
TI  - [Dental treatment in general anesthesia].

PMID- 1077889
TI  - [Community educational program for public dental health teams].

PMID- 1077888
TI  - [150 million people drink fluoridated water].

PMID- 1077890
TI  - [Education of dental technicians today and tomorrow].

PMID- 1077891
TI  - [The effects of various mixing liquids on hygroscopic expansion of plaster
      casts].

PMID- 1077892
TI  - [Abrasion relations of acrylic resins within the dental field].

PMID- 1077893
TI  - [Cadmium].

PMID- 1077894
TI  - [Standards on dental materials].

PMID- 1077895
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment of patients with jaw joint pain].

PMID- 1077896
TI  - [A hollow prosthesis of warm polymer material].

PMID- 1077897
TI  - The force constancy of Blue Elgiloy wire after heat treatment.

PMID- 1077898
TI  - Cracked tooth syndrome.

PMID- 1077899
TI  - [Financial system and social justice (II). Mechanisms of unfairness].

PMID- 1077900
TI  - [Mrs. Veil: approved planning for safeguarding better world health care systems].

PMID- 1077901
TI  - [Prof. J.C. Sournia: the government will impose its solution when the
      participants cannot find one].

PMID- 1077902
TI  - [The Government responds to the parlementarians].

PMID- 1077903
TI  - [The point: occlusodontology].

PMID- 1077904
TI  - [Practice establishment of the dentist. A determining step--information program
      as a foundation].

PMID- 1077905
TI  - [The workplace of the dentist. Problems of organization and equipment].

PMID- 1077906
TI  - [Equipping the dental workplace].

PMID- 1077907
TI  - [Rebasing in total adjoint prosthesis].

PMID- 1077908
TI  - [Causal caries diagnosis].

PMID- 1077909
TI  - [Fissure sealing method--theoretical-clinical viewpoint].

PMID- 1077910
TI  - [Effects of mechanical plaque control on gingivitis, periodontitis and caries
      development].

PMID- 1077912
TI  - [Etiologies and current treatments of oral aphthae].

PMID- 1077911
TI  - [The sugar investigation in Turku. An account of the clinical longtime follow-up
      studies].

PMID- 1077913
TI  - [The epulis in "book leaves"].

PMID- 1077914
TI  - [The dental techniques of medico-legal identification].

PMID- 1077915
TI  - [Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials (author's transl)].

PMID- 1077916
TI  - [International aspects].

PMID- 1077917
TI  - [Introduction to English dental care].

PMID- 1077918
TI  - [Forensic dental identification].

PMID- 1077919
TI  - [Plane crash].

PMID- 1077921
TI  - [It is not only a tooth--but it is a human being].

PMID- 1077920
TI  - [Odontoanthropology].

PMID- 1077922
TI  - [Patients' opinion on background music in the dental clinic].

PMID- 1077923
TI  - [Changes in the military training for medical staff].

PMID- 1077924
TI  - [The cleavage of starch and disaccharides in the human oral cavity].

PMID- 1077926
TI  - [Ergonomics education].

PMID- 1077925
TI  - [Four weeks as guest researcher in Japan].

PMID- 1077927
TI  - [How I captured a tooth worm].

PMID- 1077928
TI  - [My dissertation].

PMID- 1077929
TI  - [Public dental care in Alvsborg province].

PMID- 1077931
TI  - [Dentists do not support comparison with the civil service].

PMID- 1077930
TI  - [Public dental care in Kronoberg province].

PMID- 1077932
TI  - [Contract of non-salaried replacement].

PMID- 1077933
TI  - [Dental care equals 10% of the reimbursements of medical, dental, optical and
      orthopedic costs].

PMID- 1077934
TI  - [Dentistry and general pathology].

PMID- 1077935
TI  - [Jacques Antoine Gau: to progressively insure the gratuitousness of health care].

PMID- 1077936
TI  - [Index of rent in professional leasing].

PMID- 1077938
TI  - [The university system is not a reflection of the nation].

PMID- 1077937
TI  - [More frontiers for physicians].

PMID- 1077939
TI  - [Interview with Dr. Jacques Dubois, Secretary-general of the International
      Congress of the French Dental Association, 1976].

PMID- 1077940
TI  - [Marc Lauriol: professional taxes and insurance].

PMID- 1077941
TI  - [New inventions at the exhibit of the International Congress of the French Dental
      Association].

PMID- 1077942
TI  - [International Congress. Interview with Dr. Raymond Sangiuolo, president of
      scientific programs].

PMID- 1077943
TI  - [1990: what future for odontology? The right to health or the right to health
      care in 1990].

PMID- 1077944
TI  - [The point in occlusodontology. II. Pathology and occlusion].

PMID- 1077945
TI  - [Growth retardation and dento-facial orthopedics].

PMID- 1077947
TI  - 'Dentist manager' concept pioneers dentistry of the future.

PMID- 1077946
TI  - Dear colleague: we're on the same team.

PMID- 1077948
TI  - How do you fit auxiliaries into a practice?

PMID- 1077949
TI  - These kids are in lab at 17.

PMID- 1077950
TI  - New angle in old concept.

PMID- 1077952
TI  - He hears rural call.

PMID- 1077951
TI  - Open mouths get kids' interest.

PMID- 1077953
TI  - Emergency!

PMID- 1077954
TI  - Blade-vent implants need more research.

PMID- 1077956
TI  - Avoid these practice pitfalls.

PMID- 1077955
TI  - Bone resorption proves key factor in denture success.

PMID- 1077957
TI  - Student-to-student talks can spot discrepancies.

PMID- 1077958
TI  - Teeth-fitted mouthguard can save a player's life.

PMID- 1077959
TI  - Is mercury a hazard in your office?

PMID- 1077960
TI  - Graduate into a lifetime of study.

PMID- 1077962
TI  - Self-pacing: how fast is it going?

PMID- 1077961
TI  - Science joins art in self-paced programs.

PMID- 1077963
TI  - State societies play continuing study role.

PMID- 1077964
TI  - New techniques can change dental education.

PMID- 1077965
TI  - Cards keep tabs on education.

PMID- 1077966
TI  - Dental, law students go to court to dramatize effects of malpractice.

PMID- 1077967
TI  - Continuing education: needs, delivery methods.

PMID- 1077968
TI  - [Extractions in orthodontic therapy].

PMID- 1077969
TI  - [Histological study of "facial structures" found within the ovarian embryomas].

PMID- 1077970
TI  - [A new semisynthetic oral antibiotic: clindamycin in medical and surgical
      dentistry].

PMID- 1077971
TI  - [Prevention of scorbutic syndrome in the child].

PMID- 1077972
TI  - [Tooth diseases among children in the 1st and 2nd grades in Danish municipalities
      with child dental care in 1973/74].

PMID- 1077973
TI  - [Caries occurrence among groups of Danish schoolchildren in the 7th grade, with
      and without school dental care in 1972].

PMID- 1077974
TI  - [Occurrence of malocclusion in the primary dentition].

PMID- 1077975
TI  - [Longterm fixation of a prematurely erupted maxillary central incisor].

PMID- 1077976
TI  - [Prophylactic activity--instructing dental students in it?].

PMID- 1077977
TI  - [What are plaque dyes?].

PMID- 1077978
TI  - [Dental diseases among Danish schoolchildren in the 1st-9th grades].

PMID- 1077979
TI  - [Dental care planning and epidemiology in a community dental connection].

PMID- 1077981
TI  - [Dental care in Scandinavia in the 1980's. Future prophylaxis of dental
      diseases].

PMID- 1077980
TI  - [Dental care in the year 2000? An international delphic experiment, 1975].

PMID- 1077982
TI  - [Dental care in Denmark 1974. I. The dentists].

PMID- 1077983
TI  - [Hand disinfection in dental practice--testing of ethanol soap].

PMID- 1077984
TI  - [A case of permanent teeth with white covering of unknown origin].

PMID- 1077985
TI  - [Local analgesics in dental practice. Selective use of local analgesics].

PMID- 1077986
TI  - [Decomposition control of radiograph developers].

PMID- 1077987
TI  - [Use of an electric toothbrush].

PMID- 1077988
TI  - [The Karlstad experiment--new possibilities in preventive dental care?].

PMID- 1077989
TI  - [Is Streptococcus mutans really the main enemy? Investigations of Greenland's
      bacterial flora perhaps put to question the connection between Streptococcus
      mutans and caries].

PMID- 1077990
TI  - [Sugar alternatives only the second best solution].

PMID- 1077991
TI  - [New finds: biscuits more friendly to teeth].

PMID- 1077992
TI  - [We have a need for comfort--but not any sugar need].

PMID- 1077993
TI  - [A health specialist can also have a sugar need].

PMID- 1077994
TI  - [Misfunction in the masticatory system after orthodontic treatment].

PMID- 1077995
TI  - [Diazepam in dental practice].

PMID- 1077996
TI  - Collagenolyic enzyme in ascites Tawa sarcoma.

PMID- 1077997
TI  - Maxillary third molar in the antrum.

PMID- 1077998
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic study of experimental nerve transplantation.

PMID- 1077999
TI  - A study of oral mucosa changes in folic acid deficient rats.

PMID- 1078000
TI  - [Weight and volume study of symmetric young permanent teeth].

PMID- 1078001
TI  - [Canal anatomy of temporary molars].

PMID- 1078002
TI  - [A method of reconstitution of dyplastic permanent incisors in the child].

PMID- 1078003
TI  - [Oral manifestations of handicaps].

PMID- 1078004
TI  - [The dentition. Element of estimation of the growth of the child].

PMID- 1078005
TI  - [Hypophosphatasia with periodontal manifestations].

PMID- 1078006
TI  - [The role of lyophilized cartilage grafts in the treatment of injuries of the
      maxillodental region in the child].

PMID- 1078007
TI  - [Incisor anomalies].

PMID- 1078008
TI  - [Problems of identification of certain dental anomalies].

PMID- 1078009
TI  - [Gingival hyperplasia in the epileptic child].

PMID- 1078010
TI  - [Experiences in the Boyeros region during five years of dental care of pregnant
      women].

PMID- 1078011
TI  - [Comparative study of the oral mucosa of smoking and non-smoking patients].

PMID- 1078012
TI  - [Anatomicoclinical and histopathological study of oral keratosis].

PMID- 1078013
TI  - [Incidence of different species of the genus Candida in pathological states of
      the oral mucosa].

PMID- 1078014
TI  - [Peutz-Jeghers syndrome].

PMID- 1078015
TI  - [Time of eruption of permanent teeth. Study of white Brazilian children in the
      city of Recife].

PMID- 1078016
TI  - [Curriculum for dental education for the Latin American reality--PROLATINO].

PMID- 1078017
TI  - [Some results from preschool child dental care in Copenhagen].

PMID- 1078018
TI  - [Effect of systematic public dental services for children].

PMID- 1078019
TI  - [Effect of dental care in communities granted an exemption from the rule
      requiring public child dental health services].

PMID- 1078021
TI  - [Evolutionary trends in Scandinavian dentistry].

PMID- 1078020
TI  - [Local anesthetics in dental practice. How do they work?].

PMID- 1078022
TI  - [Oral lichen planus--a short information].

PMID- 1078023
TI  - [Oral lupus erythematosus. A review].

PMID- 1078024
TI  - [Dental caries epidemiology and data processing programs].

PMID- 1078025
TI  - [Prevalence of dental caries among Danish preschool children].

PMID- 1078026
TI  - [Dental diseases in 1st and 2nd grade children in 1973/74 in 34 municiplities
      with child dental services in the period 1971-1974].

PMID- 1078027
TI  - [Local anesthetics in dental practice. Pharmacodynamics and toxicology of local
      anesthetics].

PMID- 1078028
TI  - [News from NOIM. List of certified dental cements and amalgams].

PMID- 1078029
TI  - [Self-assessment--Need for dental treatment].

PMID- 1078030
TI  - [Local anesthetics in dental practice. Vasoconstrictors].

PMID- 1078031
TI  - [Comparisons of tests of investmenting materials according to ADA Specification
      No. 2].

PMID- 1078032
TI  - [Special wire for the Crozat technic].

PMID- 1078034
TI  - [Model preparation: special work methods].

PMID- 1078033
TI  - [Hints in construction of obturators with soft elastic retention bulbs].

PMID- 1078035
TI  - [Data retention on machine readable cards. A new EDV system for dental
      laboratories].

PMID- 1078036
TI  - [How to choose new employees (II)].

PMID- 1078037
TI  - An electromyographic study on the muscles associated with mastication.

PMID- 1078038
TI  - The fine structure of the pericellular ring around chondrocytes in rat epiphysial
      cartilage.

PMID- 1078039
TI  - Changes of phospholipid-composition induced by valinomycin in the maxillary gland
      of rat.

PMID- 1078040
TI  - A review of the genus Trouessartia (Analgoidea: Alloptidae).

PMID- 1078041
TI  - [Materials used in complete dentures].

PMID- 1078042
TI  - [Vertical dimension at rest and in occlusion in complete dentures].

PMID- 1078043
TI  - [Mounting of a removable upper jaw model on the Hanau H2-XPR articulator].

PMID- 1078044
TI  - [Mounting of a removable lower jaw model on the Hanau H2-XPR articulator].

PMID- 1078045
TI  - Summary report on the 1975 survey for leptospirosis in the United States.

PMID- 1078046
TI  - Status report on electronic identification.

PMID- 1078047
TI  - Bovine thelaziasis (eye worms).

PMID- 1078048
TI  - Jet injection in veterinary medicine.

PMID- 1078049
TI  - Survey findings of equine infectious anemia positive horses in New York State.

PMID- 1078050
TI  - Problems associated with importation of exotic birds.

PMID- 1078051
TI  - Industry task force on salmonella: government concern.

PMID- 1078052
TI  - Industry concerns.

PMID- 1078053
TI  - International movement of sheep and goats--legal and political implications.

PMID- 1078054
TI  - Epidemiologic investigations of animal toxicoses and adverse drug reactions in
      the state of Iowa.

PMID- 1078055
TI  - Developing data to satisfy drug and pesticide approval requirements of FDA, EPA,
      and USDA; are cattle, sheep, and poultry minor species?

PMID- 1078056
TI  - Methylene blue vs. nitrite.

PMID- 1078057
TI  - Influence of ambient temperature humidity, ventilation, and other pesticides on
      neural and dermal toxicity of DDVP.

PMID- 1078058
TI  - Converting garbage (food waste) into a safe animal feed ingredient (Biomeal).

PMID- 1078059
TI  - Status of the state-federal hog cholera eradication program.

PMID- 1078060
TI  - Pseudorabies in perspective.

PMID- 1078061
TI  - Mycobacterium avium infections in Georgia swine.

PMID- 1078062
TI  - Epidemiology of the bovine tuberculosis outbreak in Georgia.

PMID- 1078063
TI  - Epidemiological report of a tuberculosis outbreak in Illinois.

PMID- 1078064
TI  - The status of the state-federal tuberculosis eradication program.

PMID- 1078065
TI  - The Newcastle disease epidemic in southern California, 1971--1973: descriptive
      epidemiology and effects of vaccination on the eradication program.

PMID- 1078066
TI  - The status of bovine salmonellosis--prevalence and epizootiology, with public
      health, clinical and control aspects.

PMID- 1078067
TI  - Latent anaplasmosis infection in Idaho mule deer demonstrated by calf
      inoculation.

PMID- 1078068
TI  - Anaplasmosis: prevalence, treatment, and cattle to elk transmission studies.

PMID- 1078069
TI  - Pike County, Illinois, swine brucellosis project.

PMID- 1078070
TI  - Progress of the cooperative state-federal brucellosis eradication program.

PMID- 1078071
TI  - Progress of the cooperative State-Federal Brucellosis Eradication Program.

PMID- 1078072
TI  - Experimental mycotoxicoses in calves with aflatoxin, ochratoxin, rubratoxin, and
      T-2 toxin.

PMID- 1078073
TI  - Evaluation of the immune response of cattle to single and multiple vaccination
      with a polyvalent leptospiral bacterin.

PMID- 1078074
TI  - Current international status of electronic identification.

PMID- 1078075
TI  - The use of electronic identification in the DHIA program.

PMID- 1078076
TI  - Use of electronic identification in dairy animal health records management.

PMID- 1078077
TI  - Remote temperature monitoring in animal health management.

PMID- 1078078
TI  - Beef improvement and remote identification.

PMID- 1078079
TI  - Methods for biologic preparation, isolation, identification and characterization
      of avian influenza A viruses.

PMID- 1078080
TI  - Winning support for animal health.

PMID- 1078081
TI  - Report of the Subcommittee on Effects or Lack of Effects to the Public Health
      from Use of Antibiotics in Animal Feeds.

PMID- 1078082
TI  - Laboratory support for emergency programs.

PMID- 1078083
TI  - Guidelines for indemnification under disease eradication programs with special
      emphasis on foot-and-mouth disease: a summary report.

PMID- 1078084
TI  - Virginia's emergency disease awareness program.

PMID- 1078085
TI  - Salmonellosis: animal-human environmental impact.

PMID- 1078086
TI  - Salmonella and Arizona serotypes from animals and related sources reported during
      fiscal year 1975.

PMID- 1078088
TI  - Status of the State-Federal Hog Cholera Eradication Program.

PMID- 1078087
TI  - Progress in the Scrapie Eradication Program.

PMID- 1078089
TI  - Aujeszky's disease: clinical significance and control.

PMID- 1078090
TI  - Newer developments in understanding mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine.

PMID- 1078091
TI  - Flu--1976.

PMID- 1078092
TI  - Aflatoxin B1 increases infectious disease losses in food animals.

PMID- 1078094
TI  - Epidemiological report of a tuberculosis outbreak in Indiana and Illinois.

PMID- 1078093
TI  - Aflatoxin residue in edible tissues of food-producing animals resulting from feed
      contamination.

PMID- 1078095
TI  - The status of the State-Federal Tuberculosis Eradication Program.

PMID- 1078096
TI  - Problems in the field evaluation of live virus vaccines for cattle.

PMID- 1078097
TI  - Failure of Anaplasma marginale Theiler to survive natural winter conditions on a
      Dermacentor andersoni = (venustus) infested range.

PMID- 1078098
TI  - Immunity to bovine anaplasmosis after elimination of the carrier status with
      oxytetracycline hydrochloride.

PMID- 1078099
TI  - Report on efficacy of adult cattle vaccination.

PMID- 1078100
TI  - [Psychological comfort of the dental patient].

PMID- 1078101
TI  - [Responsibility of the dentist to his community].

PMID- 1078102
TI  - [Vincent's gingivitis (Being faithful, it comes out of routine)].

PMID- 1078103
TI  - [Removable appliances for Class II].

PMID- 1078104
TI  - [Is it possible to move molars distally with removable appliances?].

PMID- 1078105
TI  - [Moving canines or premolars distally].

PMID- 1078106
TI  - [Semi-functional method of Bimler].

PMID- 1078107
TI  - [Biprax appliance in research for functional compensation of evolutionary
      abnormalities].

PMID- 1078108
TI  - [The tooth positioner].

PMID- 1078109
TI  - Influences of serine protease inhibitors on the relaxation in acetylcholine
      contracture of anterior byssal retractor of Mytilus edulis.

PMID- 1078110
TI  - Verrucous carcinoma of the right lower gingiva: report of a case.

PMID- 1078111
TI  - [The promotion of spontaneous healing and inflammation-inhibition with L
      carnosine (beta-alanyl L-histidine) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1078112
TI  - [Anterior hypertonic syndrome in cases of Class II div. 2].

PMID- 1078113
TI  - [Dental malformations].

PMID- 1078114
TI  - [Anthropologic and genetic aspects of tooth measures].

PMID- 1078115
TI  - [Reflections on facial esthetics].

PMID- 1078116
TI  - [Plea in defense of tonsils].

PMID- 1078117
TI  - [Interview with R.W. Bench].

PMID- 1078118
TI  - [Therapeutic failures and multiple attachment techniques].

PMID- 1078119
TI  - [Lessons from our failures].

PMID- 1078120
TI  - [Failure due to the appliance].

PMID- 1078121
TI  - [Esthetic failure due to a wrong indication].

PMID- 1078122
TI  - [Failure due to unimaxillary extractions and to a wrong prognosis of growth].

PMID- 1078123
TI  - [Follow-up observations of a case of failure].

PMID- 1078124
TI  - [Teleradiographic surprises in the treatment of malocclusion Class II with
      activators].

PMID- 1078125
TI  - [Pseudo-success].

PMID- 1078126
TI  - [Factors leading to failure in the treatment of cleft palate].

PMID- 1078127
TI  - [The B.M.B. equiplate].

PMID- 1078128
TI  - [Introduction to the study of cephalic statics].

PMID- 1078129
TI  - [Should reeducation of phonation accompany the reeducation of deglutition?].

PMID- 1078130
TI  - [Practical applications of mechanical studies on headgear fixed on upper molars].

PMID- 1078131
TI  - [Selection of a date for surgical intervention in dentofacial orthopedics].

PMID- 1078132
TI  - [Timing of re-education in dentofacial orthopedics].

PMID- 1078133
TI  - [Dental arches, dentition and tongue].

PMID- 1078134
TI  - [Masticatory muscles and facial morphology].

PMID- 1078135
TI  - [The proper time for treatment].

PMID- 1078136
TI  - [Orthodontic, orthopedic and surgical treatment of anterior open bite].

PMID- 1078137
TI  - [Remodeling of alveolar bone in spontaneous and induced tooth displacement].

PMID- 1078138
TI  - [Decalcification areas due to orthodontic appliances. (Reflexions on their
      treatment possibilities)].

PMID- 1078139
TI  - [Current point and perspectives on radiographic vestibular orientation of the
      head].

PMID- 1078140
TI  - [Selective, intensive prophylaxis].

PMID- 1078141
TI  - [Paracetamol--a new analgesic].

PMID- 1078142
TI  - [The Australian dental therapist. A solution to the dental manpower problem?].

PMID- 1078143
TI  - [Readability--LIX--useful as reading matter for the dentist?].

PMID- 1078145
TI  - [140 years of trench warfare are over].

PMID- 1078144
TI  - [Social and behavioral subjects in dental care training].

PMID- 1078146
TI  - [Dental care in Denmark 1974. II. The patients].

PMID- 1078147
TI  - [Mercury vapor in Danish dental clinics].

PMID- 1078148
TI  - [Hygienic ventilation aspects of dental practice].

PMID- 1078149
TI  - [Why a debate on analgesics now?].

PMID- 1078150
TI  - [Numbers of teeth in Danes over 20 years old in 1975].

PMID- 1078151
TI  - [Premedication in dental practice. Hypnotics--non-barbiturate derivatives].

PMID- 1078153
TI  - [With the DTF in fluoridated Birmingham: only good things to say].

PMID- 1078152
TI  - [Social and behavioral subjects in dental studies].

PMID- 1078155
TI  - [Structure inquiry].

PMID- 1078154
TI  - [Dental diseases in 230,553 children in the 1st-4th grades in 163 Danish
      communities with children's dental care in 1975/76].

PMID- 1078156
TI  - [A summary of the topic: fracture of facial structures].

PMID- 1078157
TI  - [Osteomyelitis of the jaw].

PMID- 1078158
TI  - [Brief note on the histopathology of primary tumors of the mouth].

PMID- 1078159
TI  - [Present and future of maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 1078160
TI  - [Didactics and help in odontostomatology: the role of the university].

PMID- 1078161
TI  - [Fracture of the orbit-zygomatic-malar].

PMID- 1078162
TI  - [Surgical therapy of sumbandibular sialolithiasis. Note on the operatory
      technique].

PMID- 1078163
TI  - [A case of recidivous cystic adamantinoma: therapeutic considerations].

PMID- 1078164
TI  - [A case of tooth reimplantation].

PMID- 1078165
TI  - [Human resources in dentistry in Peru].

PMID- 1078166
TI  - Recent findings on the mesiodistal diameter of the crowns of the permanent
      dentition of American blacks.

PMID- 1078167
TI  - Testing problems in special geographical areas.

PMID- 1078168
TI  - Gingival cyst: report of two cases.

PMID- 1078169
TI  - Orthognathic surgery.

PMID- 1078170
TI  - The role of the black specialist: oral pathology.

PMID- 1078171
TI  - Post surgical hyponatremia as a result of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
      secretion.

PMID- 1078172
TI  - An assessment of the oral hygiene status of rural Tennesseans.

PMID- 1078173
TI  - Merits of low mercury amalgam alloys.

PMID- 1078174
TI  - Relationships between private practitioners and present and future dental
      programs--the academic role.

PMID- 1078175
TI  - The New Jersey Dental Group, P.A.: an innovative approach to private dental group
      practice.

PMID- 1078176
TI  - Studies on the oral mucosa of the beaver.

PMID- 1078177
TI  - Reticulum cell sarcoma diagnosed from oral biopsy.

PMID- 1078178
TI  - Phosphate turnover of the calcified dental tissues of the rat using radioactive
      phosphorus (P 32).

PMID- 1078179
TI  - Supernumerary bicuspids.

PMID- 1078180
TI  - Problems and progress of black dental professionals.

PMID- 1078181
TI  - Correlation of periodontal disease, dental caries, oral hygiene, dietary
      patterns, and academic majors among college students.

PMID- 1078182
TI  - [Diet and oral hygiene in a group of high-risk children].

PMID- 1078183
TI  - [Sugar contents of drugs in Denmark].

PMID- 1078184
TI  - [All good forces settled in to avoid sugar in drugs].

PMID- 1078185
TI  - [The controversial fluoridation of drinking water].

PMID- 1078186
TI  - [Current prophylaxis agreement evaluation].

PMID- 1078187
TI  - [Dental care in Denmark 1974. III. Treatments].

PMID- 1078188
TI  - [Public control of dental care will become necessary in the future].

PMID- 1078189
TI  - [Most foods can be cariogenic when consumed in the wrong manner].

PMID- 1078190
TI  - [Prevalence of removable dentures in the Danish population in 1975].

PMID- 1078191
TI  - [Self-evaluation test in pharmacology].

PMID- 1078192
TI  - [Health insurance agreement is society's guarantee and control].

PMID- 1078194
TI  - [Wages of clinical assistants and dental technicians as of March 1, 1976].

PMID- 1078193
TI  - [The future practicing dental technicians may be predicted now].

PMID- 1078195
TI  - [General principles for premedication in dental practice].

PMID- 1078196
TI  - [Periodontal indexes for and in practice].

PMID- 1078197
TI  - [Children's dental care and neglect in instruction time].

PMID- 1078198
TI  - [FDI's economic status].

PMID- 1078199
TI  - [The Kazanijan-Edlan operation. Clinical contribution].

PMID- 1078200
TI  - [Epithelioma of the gingiva].

PMID- 1078201
TI  - [True hyperdontia in monochorial twins. Clinical case].

PMID- 1078202
TI  - [Angiofollicular hyperplasia of a laterocervical lymph node].

PMID- 1078203
TI  - [Tumors of the oral cavity (lip, gingiva, floor, tongue, palate and cheek) Local
      evolution and clinical diagnosis].

PMID- 1078204
TI  - [Prenatal factor of fetal malformation of the cervicomaxillofacial region].

PMID- 1078205
TI  - [Radiologic study of the pathology of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 1078206
TI  - [A case of vascular leiomyoma of the mouth floor].

PMID- 1078207
TI  - [General anesthesia in dentistry: its social value in clinico-ambulatory
      conditions as well as in hospitalization].

PMID- 1078208
TI  - [Case report of the orthodontic therapy of a Class III malocclusion by the
      Universal method].

PMID- 1078209
TI  - [Radiographic picture of the alveolar ridge in the child in physiological and
      pathological conditions].

PMID- 1078210
TI  - [Dental alterations in sickle-cell anemia].

PMID- 1078211
TI  - Studies of caries prevalence in a medieval population.

PMID- 1078212
TI  - Studies of periapical status in a medieval population.

PMID- 1078213
TI  - Radiographic examination of the temporomandibular joint. A comparison between
      radiographic findings and gross and microscopic morphologic observations.

PMID- 1078214
TI  - Clicking and temporary "locking" in the temporomandibular joint. A clinical,
      radiographical and electromyographical study.

PMID- 1078215
TI  - Methods of reducing X-ray exposure to the eye during tomography of the paranasal
      sinuses.

PMID- 1078216
TI  - Sensitometry of printing X-ray pictures on paper using masks.

PMID- 1078217
TI  - Radiopaque zones in the dentine beneath amalgam and silicate fillings.

PMID- 1078218
TI  - Use of pantomography and orthopantomography in diagnosing fractures of the upper
      part of the cervical vertebrae. A methodological study.

PMID- 1078219
TI  - Centralization of dento-maxillo-facial radiology in Sweden.

PMID- 1078220
TI  - [Individual and family hygiene].

PMID- 1078221
TI  - [Fracture of the base of the ophthalmic orbit. (The "blow-out" fracture)].

PMID- 1078222
TI  - [Supernumerary teeth in the region of the incisor's during childhood].

PMID- 1078223
TI  - [Distortional osteitis or Paget's disease. Mouth disease manifestations].

PMID- 1078224
TI  - [Tension analysis of filled teeth by the finite element method].

PMID- 1078225
TI  - [Prevention and therapy of dry socket].

PMID- 1078226
TI  - Nutrition and the cerebral palsied child.

PMID- 1078227
TI  - A comparison of oral stereognosis ability between cerebral palsy patients with
      head and neck involvement and those without this involvement.

PMID- 1078228
TI  - A comparison of temporomandibular joint function in cerebral palsy and non
      cerebral palsy children.

PMID- 1078229
TI  - How the cleft palate patient faces life.

PMID- 1078231
TI  - [Programmed instruction and its application in the dental laboratory].

PMID- 1078230
TI  - [Dental ceramics in the USA (I)].

PMID- 1078232
TI  - [3 dimensional root canal obturation technic].

PMID- 1078233
TI  - [A case of pathomimia].

PMID- 1078234
TI  - [Is there a relationship between eating and mastication on one side and the size
      of the tongue and oral cavity on the other?].

PMID- 1078235
TI  - [Surface mineralization by fluoride application on pulpless teeth].

PMID- 1078237
TI  - [The value of exfoliative cytology in the early diagnosis of malignant tumors of
      the oral cavity].

PMID- 1078236
TI  - [Indications for the use of saggittal splitting (based on 148 cases)].

PMID- 1078238
TI  - [A case of gingival cyst].

PMID- 1078240
TI  - Dentist brings new expertise to "team".

PMID- 1078239
TI  - [Primary thrombosis of the upper labial vein].

PMID- 1078241
TI  - Dare to challenge the IRS!

PMID- 1078242
TI  - A strong case for state boards.

PMID- 1078244
TI  - Sit right and live longer.

PMID- 1078243
TI  - Make equipment selection a systematic process.

PMID- 1078245
TI  - Emergency visits help build practice.

PMID- 1078246
TI  - What your office says about you.

PMID- 1078247
TI  - Uncle Sam (still) wants you.

PMID- 1078248
TI  - Efficacy of gingival fiber surgery in the control of rotational relapse with Begg
      technique.

PMID- 1078249
TI  - Field theory and mesiodistal tooth size.

PMID- 1078250
TI  - A cephalometric study of the craniofacial variations in twins.

PMID- 1078251
TI  - [Training of professors. Experience in Pernambuco].

PMID- 1078252
TI  - [Dimensional alterations in zinc oxide-eugenol paste: a new method for its
      measurement].

PMID- 1078253
TI  - [Mechanical action of chewing gum on dental plaque removal].

PMID- 1078254
TI  - [Training of dental professors. A pilot trial].

PMID- 1078255
TI  - [Initial preparation in periodontics: profilometric and microscopic evaluation
      after removal of cervical restoration excess].

PMID- 1078256
TI  - [Eugenol: use in root canal therapy].

PMID- 1078257
TI  - Routine abscess tonsillectomy: late results.
AB  - The late results of abscess tonsillectomy as a routine treatment of peritonsillar
      abscess were investigated. The material comprises 113 patients. Follow-up was
      performed two to five years after the operation (bilateral dissection
      tonsillectomy under general anesthesia). Symptoms of pharyngitis, recurrent or
      chronic, were present in 17 percent of the patients, in most cases without major
      objective changes in the throat. The incidence of these symptoms was highest--70
      percent--in patients past middle age without any history of trouble from the
      throat before the peritonsillar abscess. Tonsil remnants were seen in 28 percent,
      but only 6 percent of the patients had new episodes of febrile throat infections.
      The results are discussed. A reserved attitude to abscess tonsillectomy (and to
      interval tonsillectomy) is recommended for peritonsillar abscess in elderly
      patients without previous trouble from the throat.

PMID- 1078258
TI  - Disorders of protein metabolism. Symposium organized by the Association of
      Clinical Pathologists. London, 28 and 29 October 1974.

PMID- 1078259
TI  - Antibody structure.

PMID- 1078260
TI  - The use of electroimmunoassay for determining specific proteins as a supplement
      to agarose gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 1078261
TI  - Protein profiles derived by automated immune precipitation.

PMID- 1078262
TI  - Characterization and isolation of cell surface antigens.

PMID- 1078263
TI  - [Correction of congenital heart defects].

PMID- 1078264
TI  - [Cerebrovascular disorders in the fascicular block picture on the
      electrocardiogram].
AB  - 3894 ECG of neuropsychiatric patients were investigated for mono- and
      bifascicular blocks and the charts taken out for closer examination. Within this
      group of patients, the percentage of cerebral circulatory disturbances proved to
      be significantly increased. Among 97 patients there were 15 suffering from
      syncopal attacks. These attacks seem to be caused by intermittent occurrence of a
      trifascicular block. In a randomized control group of 50 patients not a single
      syncopal attack was found. The risk for a patient to develop syncopal attacks is
      correlated to the advancing degree of blockage in the ECG. When an intermittent
      trifascicular block is detected in a patient suffering from syncopal attacks, an
      electric pacemaker should be implanted.

PMID- 1078265
TI  - [Ventricular arrhythmias in reduced glycoside tolerance and digitalis poisoning
      together with myocardial infarct].
AB  - Electrophysiological fundamental principles of the heart muscle cell and the
      conduction system are discussed in detail. Basic differences are described.
      Pathophysiology of ventricular arrhythmias is emphasized, especially the ectopic
      conduction development and conduction defect of the reentry mechanism. Decreased
      digitalis tolerance of different causes and overdosage of digitalis may lead to
      ventricular premature heart beats and tachycardias. Myocardial infarction is
      discussed in detail because lethality within the first hours of infarction is
      mostly caused by ventricular fibrillation.

PMID- 1078266
TI  - [ECG changes and peripheral blood pressure during endoscopic study of the
      stomach].
AB  - It is reported on alterations of ECG and blood pressure appearing in 51 patients
      during endoscopic examination of the stomach. Above all, these alterations
      consisted of repolarisation disturbances with a partial preterminal negative T
      and isolated supraventricular extrasystoles. Atrioventricular blocks or spreading
      of the QRS-complex were not observed. In all patients a distinct increase in
      frequency was present while the endoscope was introduced. Since regression of all
      these alterations would occur after examination, a vegetative-functional stimulus
      might be the inducing factor. In endoscopic examinations the risk of any
      incidents appearing in connection with the system of coronary circulation is
      minimal. In patients with considerable previous damage of the heart caution is
      advised.

PMID- 1078267
TI  - [Thoughts on the function of the historical method in medicine].

PMID- 1078268
TI  - [Endoscopic biopsy using the electrocautery snare (macro particle biopsy)].
AB  - The biopsy snare has greatly improved the diagnostic and therapeutic
      possibilities in gastro-intestinal endoscopy. Experience with endoscopic
      polypectomy in the digestive tract has stimulated the use of the biopsy snare for
      the excision of larger particles. Thus, besides that larger particles can be
      obtained, also deeper excisions are possible. Usually muscularis mucosae and
      parts of the submucosal layers are included. Mucosal hyperplasia and submucosal
      processes can be recognized and analysed preoperatively. Even the resection of
      inoperable stenosing neoplasms is now possible. The results of 93 gastro
      intestinal big particle biopsies are reported. The risk of big particle biopsy
      proved to be minimal; once bleeding occurred and was managed conservatively.

PMID- 1078269
TI  - [Pathophysiologic significance of small intestine flora in the stagnant loop
      syndrome].
AB  - A report is given about a 53 years old man with a "stagnant loop syndrome"
      associated with a diverticulosis of the whole small intestine and colon.
      Steatorrhoea was the main clinical symptom. The classification, distribution and
      frequency of intestinal diverticulosis is based on radiological results. The
      pathological values of the absorption tests prompted for a discussion of new
      examinations in the "stagnant loop syndrome". The property of the intestinal
      bacteria to influence the absorption of fat, xylose and vitamin B12 is stressed.
      Finally the possible methods of treating the diverticulosis with "stagnant loop
      syndrome" are discussed.

PMID- 1078270
TI  - [Joint occurrence of spinal anomalies and colonic diverticula].
AB  - We investigated the radiographs of 125 patients with respect to variations of
      intestines (diverticula, polyps, carcinomas) and simultaneous anomalies in
      vertebral column (fissure of vertebral arches, asymmetric growth of vertebral
      arches, deterioration of ribs, fusing of vertebrae). There is a significant
      correlation between diverticula of colon and anomalies in vertebral column,
      whereas we found no correlation between other variations of intestines (polyps,
      carcinomas) and anomalies in vertebral columns. It is according to the theory of
      syndrome anomalies if there is an embryogenesis relation between anomalies of
      intestines and vertebral column.

PMID- 1078272
TI  - [Problems of anonymous death. Search for an orientation].

PMID- 1078271
TI  - [Cholestatic jaundice after taking the laxative Normolaxol].
AB  - Report on two cases of jaundice developing shortly after ingestion of a new
      laxative, Normolaxol (quinolylmethylenediphenol). Clinical and morphological
      aspects of the acute cholestasis are described and discussed regarding
      differential diagnosis and pathogenesis.

PMID- 1078273
TI  - [Radiological study of the neoplastic bladder].
AB  - Radiological methods useful in the examination of bladder tumours are reviewed,
      with particular reference to preoperative evaluation in accordance with the
      system. Examples are drawn from a personal series.

PMID- 1078274
TI  - [Traumatic lesions of the urinary tract. Radiographic aspects].
AB  - Techniques of radiology of use in the study of traumatic lesions of the urinary
      apparatus are discussed and 14 cases are reported in detail.

PMID- 1078275
TI  - [The radiological picture of chronic pyelonephritis].
AB  - The urographical and angiographical signs that aid the radiological diagnosis of
      the different stages of chronic pyelonephritis are discussed. A number of cases
      are presented by way of illustration.

PMID- 1078276
TI  - [Results of therapy of carcinoma of the cervix uteri in cases followed from 1962
      to 1968 at the Alberti Radio Institute of the Civil Hospitals of Brescia].
AB  - The 5-years follow-up results and late complications in 607 cases of tumour of
      the uterine cervix, observed at the "O. Alberti" Radiotherapy Institute of the
      Brescia Civil Hospitals between 1962 and 1968 are examined. Treatment used was
      radiological, surgical or an association of the two.

PMID- 1078277
TI  - [Complications of pelvic radiotherapy of cervico-uterine carcinoma. Observations
      on case records from 1954 to 1968].
AB  - Complications observed in 146/674 patients subjected to radiological therapy or
      radiosurgery at the Modena University Radiology Department between 1954 and 1968
      are discussed.

PMID- 1078278
TI  - [Association of cervico-uterine carcinoma and other extra-uterine primary
      neoplasms. Observations on 31 cases].
AB  - Out of 874 patients undergoing radiotherapy for carcinoma of the uterine cervix,
      31 cases (3.5%) of second primary malignant tumour in another site were
      encountered. Half the cases preceded and half followed uterine cancer. The data
      are analysed and discussed.

PMID- 1078279
TI  - [Clinical and statistical evaluation of radiotherapy of cervico-uterine
      carcinoma].
AB  - Statistical appraisal of the results of radiotherapy, with or without surgery, in
      the light of various clinical and technical factors is illustrated with reference
      to 1466 cases of carcinoma of the cervix treated at the Modena University
      Radiology Department between 1950 and 1973.

PMID- 1078280
TI  - [Nonvisualized gallbladder in cholecystography per os: radiotomographic study
      after a second dose].
AB  - Tomography after a second dose of contrast medium gave useful information in
      46/57 (81%) cases where the gallbladder was not visualized after a first dose per
      os. Eight cases are presented in detail.

PMID- 1078281
TI  - [Congenital osteochondrodysplasias. Personal cases].
AB  - The different forms of congenital osteochondrodysplasias are reviewed and
      personal cases (achondrogenesis; thanatophoric dwarfism; thanatophoric dwarfism
      associated with cloverleaf skull; asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy etc.) are
      presented.

PMID- 1078282
TI  - [Angiographic and bronchographic aspects of idiopathic and secondary vanishing
      lung in childhood].
AB  - Three cases of primary vanishing lung and one case secondary to endobronchial
      foreign body in children were studied by bronchography and angiography. Results
      are discussed.

PMID- 1078283
TI  - [2 cases of bronchiectasis caused by an undiagnosed endobronchial foreign body].
AB  - Two cases in which an unknown foreign body gave rise to bronchiectasia are culled
      from a series of 54 cases of endobronchial foreign bodies in children and
      discussed.

PMID- 1078284
TI  - [Cockayne syndrome. 3 cases].
AB  - Three cases of Cockayne's syndrome, observed in patients aged 10, 5 and 1 years
      are reported and discussed; skeletal X-ray findings are illustrated and analysed.

PMID- 1078285
TI  - [A rare case of external blind accessory urethral canal].
AB  - A case of external, blind accessory urethra in a boy is described. The
      abnormality was examined radiologically and confirmed surgically.

PMID- 1078286
TI  - [Bone localizations of Hodgkin's disease].
AB  - Bone lesions have been observed in 43 out of 415 Hodgkin's disease patients
      (9.6%): the radiographic findings are discussed with reference to clinical
      problems.

PMID- 1078287
TI  - [Radiotherapy of Hodgkin's disease: indications, methodology and clinical
      observations].
AB  - Staging and general management in Hodgkin's disease are reviewed and the
      radiotherapy technique described. Short-term results with a personal series of 33
      cases are reported and early side-effects discussed.

PMID- 1078288
TI  - [Endocavitary radiotherapy of carcinoma of the cervix uteri using a modeled
      device and Ir-192. Computerized dosimetry].
AB  - A computerised dosimetry programme for use in intracavitary radiotherapy of
      cervical carcinoma using a shaped after-loading apparatus and 192Ir wires is
      described. The technique for its use is explained and the results observed are
      discussed.

PMID- 1078289
TI  - [Transillumination of the breast].
AB  - The physical basis of the method, the procedure, the normal and pathological
      findings are described. On a series of 125 pathology cases observed,
      transillumination proved useful as a diagnostic aid in breast diseases.

PMID- 1078290
TI  - [Diagnostic and prognostic value of chest radiography in bed in the acute phases
      of myocardial infarct].
AB  - The existence of a correlation between Peel's index, pulmonary radiological
      findings (X-ray carried out in bed immediately after admittance) and clinical
      condition at discharge has been verified statistically in 92 patients admitted to
      coronary units for acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1078291
TI  - [A simple injector for direct lymphography].
AB  - A gas pressure injector for easy lymphography is described; skilled personnel are
      not required, cost is very low and operation reliable. The injector has been used
      without problems in 300 abdominal lymphographies.

PMID- 1078292
TI  - [Distribution of dosage and estimation of dosage absorbed by critical organs in
      the fields of irradiation of lymphomas].
AB  - Dose distribution in blanket irradiation was determined using the
      photodensitometer in a life-size dummy; doses in critical tissues (especially
      heart, spinal cord, bone marrow) are discussed with reference to likely
      biological risks.

PMID- 1078293
TI  - [Combined anesthesia with propionylpromazine (Combelen) and methadone
      (Polamivet). A sure simple method of anesthesia in gastrointestinal surgery in
      dogs].
AB  - In more than 400 cases of gastrointestinal surgery on mongrel dogs, a combination
      anesthesia of a neuroplegic agent--propionyl promazine (Combelen) and methadone
      (Polamivet), an analgesic--was administered without additional intubation or
      ventilation. This type of anesthesia is simple to apply and practically without
      risk; the conditions for the operation are therefore excellent. No monitoring
      personnel is required, no intra- or post-operative incidents have occurred. Thus
      this method may be recommended as safe and simple for experimental abdominal
      surgery in dogs.

PMID- 1078294
TI  - Internal bile diversion--a new model for the study of cholesterol metabolism.
AB  - Biliary diversion in different ways has been studied as a prevention against
      induced hypercholesterolemia in experimental animals. A new model for the study
      of cholesterol metabolism is described in dogs in this paper. The technique
      consists in ligation and division of the common bile duct and interposition of an
      isoperistaltic loop of jejunum between the gallbladder and urinary bladder. This
      technique is free of complications such as diarrhea, infection, and peptic
      ulceration that are seen in other biliary diversion models, and it is tolerated
      well by the animals. This requires further study for its effectiveness in the
      prevention of experimental hypercholesterolemia and subsequent development of
      arteriosclerosis.

PMID- 1078295
TI  - Prerenal hypertension caused by a postoperative A-V fistula.
AB  - The A-V fistula in the renal pedicle with functioning renal parenchyma leads to a
      prerenal hypertension by the blood-steal effect from the renal artery through the
      fistula into the vein, according the pressure gradient over the fistula. The
      etiology of these A-V fistulas is pointed out. A case corrected by surgical
      removal of the fistula is reported.

PMID- 1078296
TI  - Lymphangiographic findings in Behcet's disease with lymphangiectasia of the small
      intestine.
AB  - Bipedal lymphography was performed in 5 cases of Behcet's disease. In 4 of 5
      cases, histologic examination of intestinal biopsy specimens showed lymphatic
      dilatation of the small intestine which were considered to be a characteristic
      finding of intestinal lymphangiectasia, a protein-losing enteropathy, but no
      patient with Behcet's disease showed reduced concentration of serum total protein
      as well as abnormal value of 131I-PVP test. Lymphograms showed an increase in
      number of iliopelvic and lumbar lymphatic vessels as a major finding, but they
      failed to demonstrate a hypoplasia or aplasia of lymphatic system or obstruction
      of thoracic duct. It is conceivable that the lymphatic dilatation of the small
      intestine in Behcet's disease may be related to increased flow of lymph due to
      excessive vascular hyperpermeability and may not be related to a block of
      lymphatic system which has been considered to be a cause of enteric protein loss
      in intestinal lymphangiectasia. The authors wish to emphasize that the dilatation
      of lymphatic vessel of the small intestine is not a sufficient finding to
      indicate the presence of protein-losing enteropathy.

PMID- 1078297
TI  - Ventricular activity during atrial fibrillation. Studies with His bundle
      electrography.
AB  - His bundle electrograms were recorded in 12 patients with atrial fibrillation. In
      all cases but one, the dominant rhythm was atrial fibrillation. In 1 case the
      dominant rhythm was fascicular tachycardia due probably to digitalis overdosage.
      However ventricular, fascicular and junctional beats could be often recognized on
      His bundle tracings, even when QRS configuration was similar to supraventricular
      conducted beats due to atrial fibrillation. In the patients in whom sinus rhythm
      occurred, the H-V interval was unchanged. Although it is admitted that during
      atrial fibrillation the zone of concealment of A-V conduction is in the A-V nodal
      area, concealed penetration of atrial impulses in the fascicular system may be
      encountered in patients not treated with digitalis.

PMID- 1078298
TI  - Multiple infarction pattern and fascicular block in prolapsed mitral valve
      syndrome. Case report.

PMID- 1078299
TI  - Serum iron, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and creatine phosphokinase in acute
      myocardial infarction. A comparative study.
AB  - The serum iron was subnormal on the first three days, following acute myocardial
      infarction in thirty patients. This is significantly less than the incidence of
      abnormalities demonstrated by assays of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and glutamic
      oxalacetic transaminase (SGOT) in serum. Occasional patients had abnormal serum
      iron concentrations in association with normal CPK activities. For this reason
      serum iron determination may usefully supplement CPK activity measurements and
      possibly those of SGOT activity as an aid to the detection of acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1078300
TI  - Surgical treatment of the congenital fistulae of coronary arteries.
AB  - Six cases of coronary artery fistulae surgically treated are presented. All
      patient but one was male; the ages varied from 4 to 44 years. The fistulae
      originated from the left coronary artery in three cases from the right in two
      cases and from both arteries in one case. The draining heart chambers were the
      right atrium in three, the right ventricle in two and the pulmonary artery in one
      case. Associated lesions were present in three cases. One patient died on the
      early postoperative period and the evolution was satisfactory in five cases.

PMID- 1078301
TI  - Venous pressure and compliance of the peripheral capacitance vessels.
AB  - Compliances of the peripheral capacitance vessels decreased gradually in
      accordance with the increase in pressure of the brachial vein. The relationship
      between them formed a number of hyperbolic-like curves, the same results as those
      found in many cases of both normal subjects and patients with congestive heart
      failure. The decrease of compliance of the peripheral capacitance vessels was not
      the result of an organic change, but of a functional change of the vessels caused
      by distention.

PMID- 1078302
TI  - Peripheral vascular disease and periodic paralysis caused by drug abuse.

PMID- 1078303
TI  - Traumatic lateral sinus thrombosis. Report of two cases.
AB  - Two cases with thrombosis of the transverse sinus caused by a fracture crossing
      the sinus are reported, and the roentgenological changes seen in cerebral
      angiography are discussed. In 1 case, a filling defect was seen which at
      subsequent autopsy was found to correspond with an intraluminal thrombosis. In
      the other case, not verified at autopsy, the angiographic changes were consistent
      with a thrombosis of a transverse sinus.

PMID- 1078304
TI  - Compliance of the peripheral capacitance vessels in patients with congestive
      heart failure.
AB  - A method for measuring compliance of the peripheral capacitance vessels is
      reported, and the values of compliance in patients with congestive heart failure
      are compared with those in normal subjects. Peripheral venous compliance and
      right brachial venous pressure in both patients with congestive heart failure and
      in normal subjects, when plotted graphically, showed a relationship described by
      many hyperbolic curves. The mean value of compliance of the peripheral
      capacitance vessels in patients with congestive heart failure was only half that
      in normal subjects. This difference was statistically significant (P less than
      0.001). After the congestion in the patients with congestive heart failure
      disappeared following treatment with digitalis and other drugs, the values of
      compliance became nearly the same as in normal subjects. It seems that the
      increase of compliance of the peripheral capacitance vessels is not due to an
      organic change but to a functional change of the vessels caused by distention.

PMID- 1078305
TI  - Effects of diuretics on lipid metabolism in patients with essential hypertension.
AB  - Available clinical evidence indicates a high prevalence of hyperuricemia in
      patients with essential hypertension; this becomes accentuated with diuretic
      therapy. Since there is an association of hyperlipidemia with hyperuricuria and
      hypertension and since hyperuricemia is a feature of diuretic therapy, we
      explored whether these relationships might be provoked by prolonged diuretic
      therapy. Eighteen male patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension of mild
      severity were treated for 9 months with hydrochlorothiazide and supplemental
      potassium chloride, 100 mg and 45 mEq/day, respectively. Arterial pressure, renal
      function, and serum electrolyte, uric acid, blood glucose, and lipid
      concentrations were measured several times before and during therapy. Arterial
      pressure remained significantly reduced during therapy (P less than 0.001); this
      was associated with reduced serum potassium (P less than 0.01) and increased
      blood glucose and serum uric acid concentrations (P less than 0.005, P less than
      .025, respectively). Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, sodium, cholesterol
      and triglyceride levels did not significantly change with treatment. Thus,
      although diuretics increase serum uric acid and blood glucose, their effect on
      serum lipid concentration is negligible.

PMID- 1078306
TI  - A comparison of intimal proliferation in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage and
      atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1078307
TI  - Venous thrombosis in childhood. A case report and review of the literature.
AB  - Venous thrombosis in childhood is an extremely rare condition. The etiologic
      factors in childhood are different than in the adult. Generalized infection seems
      to play the main etiologic role, and for this reason antibiotic treatment is
      usually necessary. Anticoagulant treatment is mandatory; however its application
      presents many difficulties. The administration of calcium-heparin subcutaneously
      for a long time is feasible, well-controlled, without side effects and highly
      effective. The authors therefore strongly recommended this anticoagulant
      treatment in childhood.

PMID- 1078308
TI  - Sudden death and the floppy mitral valve syndrome.
AB  - A 38-year-old female with a history of palpitations, premature ventricular
      contractions, and a systolic murmur collapsed suddenly and died. Post-mortem
      studies showed shortened chordae tendinae and myxomatous transformation of both
      mitral leaflets. As this syndrome becomes more clinically recognizable it appears
      that its benignancy is diminishing. Thus, it is felt that patients with findings
      of ventricular extrasystoles and a systolic murmur should have a careful cardiac
      evaluation to determine the presence of the floppy mitral valve or ballooning
      mitral leaflet syndrome and that appropriate measures for treatment be taken when
      necessary.

PMID- 1078309
TI  - A comparative study of the reactive hyperemia in diabetes and intermittent
      claudication.

PMID- 1078310
TI  - Multiple lead ECG submaximal treadmill exercise tests in angiographically
      documented coronary heart disease.
AB  - One hundred patients underwent submaximal exercise tolerance testing and coronary
      cineangiography. Sixty-six percent of the exercise tests were diagnostic
      including 48 positive and 18 negative tests; 34 patients had indeterminate test
      results. The occurrence of exercise induced ventricular premature beats was not
      related to significant coronary artery disease. Ventricular asynergy was
      significantly more frequent in patients with positive exercise tests (p less than
      .0001). Application of the age-adjusted target heart rate criterion recommended
      from Scandinavia and Myrtle Beach to patients with indeterminate results due to
      failure to reach target heart rate resulted in six false negative tests and
      lowered sensitivity. The number of positive diagnostic responses achieved using a
      multiple electrocardiographic lead system was compared with positive diagnostic
      responses detected in a single lead (V5) and the number of positive tests
      identified by the additional leads was highly significant (p less than .0001). A
      high incidence of indeterminate test results due to failure to achieve target
      heart rate is noted.

PMID- 1078311
TI  - Traumatic arteriovenous fistulas. A follow-up study.
AB  - Over the period 1958 to 1972 14 patients with traumatic arteriovenous fistulas
      were treated. The mean period from trauma to surgical closure of the fistula was
      13.3 years. No form of reconstructive vascular surgery had been performed
      initially. The dominating symptom of arteriovenous fistula was a pulsating tumor
      with a marked thrill. Excision of the fistula and reconstruction of the artery
      and vein was performed in 11 patients. In 3 patients the fistula was first
      ligated resulting in early recurrence of the shunt. At follow-up 3-15 years
      postoperatively all fistulas were closed, but 5 patients had moderate symptoms.

PMID- 1078312
TI  - Pattern of occlusive peripheral vascular disease in India. (clinicopathological
      study of 79 cases).
AB  - The pattern of peripheral vascular disease in India was studied in 89 patients
      undergoing amputation for vascular insufficiency. A control group of 26 limbs was
      studied for aging changes. Clinically, cases were classified into TAO (25), ASO
      (54) and thrombo-embolic disease (10). Angiographic, macroscopic and microscopic
      study of dissected vascular tree was done in view of clinical diagnosis. No
      significant difference was noted in the frequency and extent of involvement of
      limb arteries in TAO and ASO. Histologically angiitis was noted in 4 cases of TAO
      and one of ASO but these did not form a distinct clinical group. Primary
      thrombotic occlusion was seen in 21 cases of TAO and 23 cases of ASO. Atheroma
      with and without thrombosis was found in 26 cases. In 4 cases the arterial tree
      was normal. Atheromatous lesions were not seen in control group. In the groups
      under study they were thought to represent old thrombi rather than degenerative
      lesions predisposing to thrombosis. In view of these findings it was felt that
      Buerger's disease was primarily a thrombotic disorder. Angiitis was rare and was
      probably secondary. The two clinical groups TAO and ASO are not pathologically
      distinct as very high percentage of the latter showed primary thrombosis. The
      genesis of thrombosis in two groups however may be different.

PMID- 1078313
TI  - Use of an aqueous triple iodine solution in the treatment of chronic leg ulcers
      and gangrene.

PMID- 1078314
TI  - Improvement of the flow properties of blood: a new therapeutical approach in
      occlusive arterial disease.
AB  - The general pathophysiological basis in occlusive arterial disease is the reduced
      flow rate of blood in the microcirculation. Blood flow in the ischemic tissue can
      be increased by improving the flow properties of blood. The fibrinogen
      concentration of blood and the deformability of red cells are two main factors
      determining the flow properties of blood. Ancrod, a fibrinogen-lowering
      substance, improves the flow properties of blood by decreasing the viscosity of
      blood and plasma and by desaggregation of erythrocyte aggregates. Treatment of
      patients suffering from severe occlusive arterial diseases with Ancrod exhibits
      surprisingly good results. Disappearance of rest pains and reduction in the use
      of analgetic drugs has been proved statistically. In the exercising muscles a
      local hyperosmolarity exists, which is able to decrease the deformability of red
      cells thereby impairing the flow in narrow capillaries. The addition of
      Pentoxifyllin to blood in-vitro reduces the rigidity of red cells in hyperosmolar
      blood samples by increasing their cellular ATP-content. Thus the reduced flow
      rate of hyperosmolar blood through 8 mu-capillaries could be increased twice (p
      less than 0.0005) by the addition of Pentoxifyllin. These in-vitro results could
      be the starting point of a new idea for the treatment of patients with
      intermittent claudication.

PMID- 1078315
TI  - Phonocephalography extra-cephalic.
AB  - Phonocephalography is the amplification and recording of sounds from the surface
      and cavities of the head aiming for the introduction of a non-invasive pre
      angiographic technique. Nasopharyngeal Phonocephalography was found successful
      for recording of normal tracing. The effect of the extra-cephalic sounds and
      factors on the tracing were discussed. Phonomyelography is the application of the
      idea on the vertebral column. The tracing recorded was demonstrated. Modern
      technology has undergone considerable progress for the introduction of non
      invasive techniques in medical diagnosis. Since Laennec introduced his
      stethoscope auscultation, amplification and recording of sounds in cardiology had
      reached a respectable diagnostic procedure. This article represents a trial for
      the introduction of a simple non-invasive pre-angiographic diagnostic technique
      by amplification and recording of sounds from the surface and cavities of the
      body.

PMID- 1078316
TI  - The angiographic diagnosis of renal hydatidosis.

PMID- 1078317
TI  - A clinical approach to hypertension.
AB  - 1. A new approach to hypertension is introduced by taking into consideration not
      only casual blood pressure but also baseline blood pressure, blood pressure
      lability and cold pressor response. 2. In addition to blood pressure measurements
      the vascular damage in terms of atherosclerosis and/or retinal arteriosclerosis
      was also taken into consideration by grouping the patients into four groups:
      Normal; Arteriosclerosis; Hypertension; Hypertension & superimposed
      arteriosclerosis. 3. Prior to initiating treatment, at least six casual blood
      pressures were taken by the technical assistant and the physician, during three
      different visits. 4. The step method, by starting with thiazides and adding other
      antihypertensive agents during the subsequent office visits according to response
      was followed. 5. The patients were followed for a four to seven year period so
      that a meaningful prognostic and therapeutic evaluation was possible. 6. All
      patients with pure hypertension and without arteriosclerosis and those with pure
      arteriosclerosis and without hypertension survived during the period of
      observation. 7. Twenty-three per cent (12 of 51) of males having hypertension
      with super-imposed arteriosclerosis died, as compared to only 4% (2 of 54) of
      females; thus a male to female mortality ratio of about 6:1 was observed. 8. A
      comparison of the living and deceased males of the mixed group having
      hypertension and superimposed arteriosclerosis showed that the most significant
      difference between the two subgroups was a marked exaggeration of diastolic cold
      pressor response in the deceased as compared to the still living patients. 9. It
      remains to be seen whether or not in these patients with a marked exaggeration of
      the diastolic cold pressor response, by using a more vigorous treatment with
      drugs such as methyldopa, propranolol or guanethidine in relatively high doses,
      we might be able to reduce mortality and increase survival.

PMID- 1078318
TI  - Stabilized venous distensibility of normotensive and hypertensive humans on high
      and low sodium intake.
AB  - Venous responses to stabilized orthostasis (45 degrees head-up tilt) were studied
      in seven normotensive subjects and eight hypertensive patients, when on high and
      low dietary sodium intake. Exchangeable sodium and blood volumes were determined
      to permit correlation with any significant changes in venous behavior. The intent
      of this study was to detect and analyze any diet-induced changes in responses of
      forearm veins to prolonged orthostasis. The pharmacological effects of sodium
      depletion by medication and diet on arteries and veins of hypertensives are
      discussed. The results of this study indicate that dietary sodium depletion did
      not have adverse effects on the ability to maintain stabilized venous tone during
      orthostasis. These results support recommendations that moderate dietary sodium
      restriction be included as part of antihypertensive regimens.

PMID- 1078319
TI  - A method for detecting and quantifying faint cardiovascular murmurs.

PMID- 1078320
TI  - Systolic time intervals and heart sounds in left bundle branch block.
AB  - Systolic time intervals and heart sounds were studied in twenty patients with
      left bundle branch block. A definite cause for the organic heart disease was not
      ascertained. Abnormal duration of the electromechanical systole (Q-A2), due to a
      prolongation both of the preejection period (PEP) and of the Q-M1 intervals, was
      found to exist in all. Prolongation of Q-M1 was due to lengthening either of the
      electromechanical interval (EMI) or of the pre-isovolumetric contraction time
      (PICT). Isovolumetric contraction time (ICT) was prolonged in thirteen patients
      only. There was a good correlation between LVET/ICT ratio and the duration of ICT
      intervals. Six patients showed a first heart sound of normal intensity and
      duration. There was no correlation between the duration of the systolic time
      intervals and the characteristics of the first and second heart sounds.

PMID- 1078321
TI  - Prolonged atrial standstill.
AB  - A 55 year old man with hypertensive cardiovascular disease and uremia was
      studied. Atrial standstill was confirmed by intracardiac electrocardiography and
      by inability to stimulate the atria using intraatrial cardiac electrical pacing.
      Atrial standstill was observed to persist for at least three months in duration.
      This rare cardiac mechanism disorder of atrial standstill, its characteristics
      and possible mechanisms are reviewed.

PMID- 1078322
TI  - Retrograde catheterization of the pulmonary veins following surgical correction
      of transposition of the great vessels.
AB  - Prior to a Mustard repair for transposition of the great vessels, complete
      physiologic data of the pulmonary bed can be obtained by catheterization of the
      pulmonary artery with a "J" formed wire, and direct catheterization of the
      pulmonary veins via an atrial septal defect. Following "physiologic" repair ready
      access to the pulmonary veins is denied. Evaluation of the pulmonary venous
      pressure is of great importance, however, in differentiating pulmonary vascular
      disease from pulmonary hypertension secondary to patch obstruction of pulmonary
      venous return. This paper describes a technique of catheterization of the
      pulmonary veins following a Mustard repair for TGV.

PMID- 1078323
TI  - The influence of cycle length on the effective and functional refractory period
      of the human AV node.
AB  - The influence of atrial cycle length on the effective and functional refractory
      period of the human AV node and atrium is presented. In general, decrements in
      atrial cycle lengths resulted in a shortening of the refractory period of the
      atrium and the functional refractory period of the AV node. The effective
      refractory period of the AV node was not significantly prolonged. The physiologic
      significance of the effective and functional refractory periods of the AV node
      are discussed.

PMID- 1078324
TI  - Partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage of the left lung: case report.

PMID- 1078325
TI  - Studies of hemorrhage on the optic disc.
AB  - The general medical and laboratory findings in 60 patients having a sector
      hemorrhage on the optic disc were compared with the findings in 102 patients with
      intraocular pressure elevation but without a disc hemorrhage. Of 22 parameters
      studied, systemic hypertension was the only abnormality which occurred
      significantly more frequently in the hemorrhage group. A study of the intraocular
      pressures suggests that hemorrhage may not be related to the level of intraocular
      pressure. Examinations of 50 patients with systemic hypertension and of 50
      patients with cardiac abnormalities revealed no hemorrhage on the optic disc.
      These factors by themselves may not be responsible for the occurrence of
      hemorrhages.

PMID- 1078326
TI  - Invasion of the optic nerve by retinoblastoma: a clinicopathological study.
AB  - We have studied all cases of optic nerve invasion in retinoblastoma seen at the
      Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute in New York since 1925. Since 1959 optic nerve
      invasion has been less extensive--suggesting earlier diagnosis and management.
      Since 1959 there has also been an increase in the number surviving. Survival
      correlates with the extent of spread to optic nerve, choroid and extrabulbar
      tissues. Current and future therapy are discussed. The importance of subpial
      extension of retinoblastoma is noted and its relationship to the mode of therapy
      is emphasized.

PMID- 1078327
TI  - Complications of corticosteroid therapy in presumptive temporal arteritis.
AB  - Two elderly patients presented with symptoms suggestive of occult temporal
      arteritis. Both were treated with high doses of corticosteroids although
      subsequent biopsies of the arteries did not show evidence of arteritis. After 5
      months of corticosteroid therapy, the first patient died of Gram-negative
      bacterial pneumonia and cystitis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The
      second patient, six days after the biopsy, died of pneumococcal meningitis which
      had presumably spread from a focus about the left optic nerve. In the first
      patient, necropsy studies showed that the loss of vision appeared to be due to
      arteriosclerosis of the nutrient vessels of the optic nerve while in the second
      patient, the visual symptoms appeared to be due to a localized optic
      perineuritis. Corticosteroid therapy in elderly patients carries a high
      morbidity, as is illustrated by the first case and may mask unsuspected
      underlying disease processes, as presumably occurred in the second. We discuss
      the importance of obtaining a biopsy diagnostic of temporal arteritis in order to
      justify the continuation of corticosteroid therapy and the significance of a
      negative biopsy.

PMID- 1078328
TI  - Sympathetic ophthalmitis. Successful treatment of late cases.
AB  - Three severe cases of sympathetic ophthalmitis, which presented late for
      treatment, are described. The response to prolonged treatment with systemic
      prednisolone was unexpectedly good, occurring as long as 70 days after starting
      treatment and continuing up to 16 months.

PMID- 1078329
TI  - Bacteriology of the socket in patients with prostheses.
AB  - Fifty-two unilaterally enucleated patients were studied for symptoms, signs, and
      actual presence of bacteria in the socket and fellow eye. The majority (85%) of
      asymptomatic sockets were found to have a mixed culture of pathogenic organisms.
      Sockets had a significantly (P = .001) greater frequency of pathogenic organisms
      than the fellow eye. Cross contamination does not appear frequently but is a
      definite possibility. We recommend culture and treatment of the asymptomatic
      socket before surgery on the remaining eye.

PMID- 1078330
TI  - Results after vitrectomy in diabetes.
AB  - Eighteen eyes in seventeen patients with diabetic retinopathy were operated on
      using the vitreous infusion-suction cutter. All had severe loss of vision due to
      retinal detachment or vitreous hemorrhage, or both. Thirteen eyes had a
      significant improvement in vision. The surgical management and postoperative
      problems are described. The results suggest that this technique is useful in
      selected cases of blindness caused by diabetes.

PMID- 1078331
TI  - Optic disc observations in glaucoma.
AB  - In glaucomatous eyes, contrary to normal eyes, the blind spot size is not
      correlated with the disc or cup size, and the size of the optic disc, cup and
      optic rim also varies. The variation in area of the glaucomatous optic disc
      correlates with variation in area of the optic cup. The rim width and total rim
      area in glaucomatous eyes are decreased. In glaucoma the upper, lower and nasal
      rim widths are about the same, whereas the smallest rim width occurs temporally.
      Thus, clinically cupping in glaucoma eyes need not be vertically oval.

PMID- 1078332
TI  - Malignant melanoma arising in a choroidal magnacellular nevus (melanocytoma).
AB  - A case is presented of a 55-year-old Caucasian male whose right eye was
      enucleated for a mixed spindle-A and spindle-B malignant melanoma in 1967. The
      ophthalmoscopic picture, fluorescein angiography, and overlying peculiar orange
      pigmentation were suggestive of a malignant lesion. Study of serial sections of
      the entire lesion made possible the histologic reconstruction of the lesion,
      clinicopathologic correlation of the yellow-orange pigment, and the location of
      the nevus and mixed spindle-cell melanoma components.

PMID- 1078333
TI  - Tumor-associated antibodies in the serum of patients with uveal melanoma.
AB  - Antibodies reacting with autologous and allogeneic cytoplasmic antigens and with
      autologous surface membrane antigens of uveal melanoma cells were demonstrated in
      the serum of three patients with relatively small, histologically-proven
      malignant melanomas of the choroid. The significance of these findings and
      planned applications of these investigations with regard to diagnosis, prognosis,
      and therapy of patients with suspected or proven ocular melanomas are discussed.

PMID- 1078334
TI  - Clinical electroretinography by the skin electrode and signal averaged method.
AB  - Conventional electroretinography requires the application of a ring or contact
      electrode to the anaesthetized cornea. A simplified method for routine clinical
      electroretinography is described. Skin electrodes are used, signals are
      appropriately filtered, amplified, passed to a signal averager and displayed on
      an oscilloscope. Sixteen sweeps are employed and a wave form similar in
      appearance and frequency content to that obtained by the corneal electrode
      method, is obtained. Values for the light and dark adapted eye in normal subjects
      (pupils undilated), are provided and the findings in the stages of retinitis
      pigmentosa and in other disease states, are noted.

PMID- 1078335
TI  - Adaptation of Jena 5000 photocoagulator to continuous wave laser power source.
AB  - We describe the modifications made in adapting a Jena 5,000 photocoagulator to a
      tunable dye laser power source and discuss the principles of the tunable dye
      laser.

PMID- 1078336
TI  - Primary localized conjunctival amyloidosis following strabismus surgery.
AB  - A 13-year-old white boy developed bilateral polypoid conjunctival masses
      overlying the lateral rectus muscles six months after surgery for divergent
      strabismus. Histologic examination confirmed the presence of amyloid in these
      lesions.

PMID- 1078337
TI  - Strabismus fixus divergens and associated craniofacial anomalies.
AB  - A case of congenital strabismus fixus divergens is described. Other anomalies
      were vertically oval corneas, high mixed astigmatism, amblyopia, horizontal
      nystagmus, microcephaly, maxillary hypoplasia, micrognathia, low set large ears,
      and hyperostosis frontalis interna.

PMID- 1078338
TI  - The 21 point vision analysis without a phoropter.
AB  - This paper offers a sequence of valid tests, objective in nature, to measure the
      vision performance and provide an appropriate prescription for an individual who
      is unable to undergo the demands of a 21 point analytical refraction, through a
      phoropter, due to age, intelligence or communication difficulty.

PMID- 1078339
TI  - Analyzing infants vision: evaluating progress.
AB  - This paper is a further report outlining and analyzing the data from the first
      271 infants and toddlers seen at the Infants' Vision Clinic of the Optometric
      Center of New York during its first two years of operation. The data investigated
      this paper concerns the evaluation of the progress made by those children who
      returned to the clinic for continuing visual care.

PMID- 1078340
TI  - Clinical application of bell retinoscopy.
AB  - The procedure of bell retinoscopy is described in detail, including changes in
      motion, color, and brightness of reflex. The responses are divided into eight
      categories. Suggestions are included to guide and direct the optometrist in
      prescribing lenses on the basis of bell retinoscopy.

PMID- 1078341
TI  - Children's vision--a 20/20 outlook.
AB  - Twenty years ago, A. M. Skeffington, O.D., talked about the "uniqueness" of
      optometry which included prevention, remediation and enhancement. Fifteen years
      ago, Arnold Gesell, M.D., urged optometry to pay attention to the preschool years
      and to examine and supervise (with optometric expertise) the vision of these
      children and to learn to identify those children who would present difficulties
      in learning. At the same time, Darell Boyd Harmon, Ph.D., suggested that
      optometry "gear up" for an expected avalanche of visually-related learning
      problems. Optometry did listen and learn, the avalanche is here and developmental
      optometry has prospered. This paper briefly explores some of the long and short
      range benefits of vision therapy.

PMID- 1078342
TI  - Eye health vs. functional optometry: the economic trends of the future.

PMID- 1078343
TI  - A multidisciplinary evaluation of the child with a visually related learning
      disability.
AB  - It is conceded that not all learning disabilities result from vision or visual
      perceptual problems. Optometrists are advised to familiarize themselves with
      techniques employed by other disciplines dealing with learning disabled children.
      It is suggested that they direct themselves to the myriad of variables involved
      in the care of the under achieving or non-achieving child so that their own
      specific techniques will become of greater value to the patient.

PMID- 1078344
TI  - Optometric intraprofessional referral of visual dysfunctions.
AB  - Every optometrist has the professional responsibility to detect visual
      dysfunctions. If optometrists do not wish to provide vision therapy in their
      offices they have an obligation to refer. Simple screening tests and guidelines
      for referral are described.

PMID- 1078345
TI  - A training program for elementary school teachers. Optometrist-teacher
      communications.
AB  - Communication between optometrists and teachers is critical to optometric
      involvement in interdisciplinary team approaches to learning disabilities. The
      classroom teacher may be a prime source of referrals to the general optometrist
      as well as the vision development specialist. Optometry's contribution to
      classroom learning cannot be fully realized without sound optometrist-teacher
      communication. The basic design of a training program to enhance optometrist
      teacher communications is presented in this paper. The individual optometrist may
      modify and supplement the program to suit the special needs of the teachers
      involved.

PMID- 1078346
TI  - Price advertising and consumerism.

PMID- 1078347
TI  - Optometric care for a child manifesting qualities of autism.
AB  - S.G. still manifests many of the behavior characteristics of an autistic child.
      Optometric vision care was significant in that it did allow S.G. to develop
      better visual contact, longer periods of meaningful attentiveness, and to
      establish some rudimentary relationships with situations and people. His visual
      contact is still quite limited to things and space at relatively close distances.
      Binocular functioning has markedly improved.

PMID- 1078348
TI  - W: an autistic, schizophrenic retardate?

PMID- 1078349
TI  - Optometry and orthopedics.

PMID- 1078350
TI  - Low vision case report.

PMID- 1078351
TI  - Optometric intervention in the control of juvenile delinquents.
AB  - We are losing the battle against crime and delinquency and we have to continue to
      lose so long as we keep developing juvenile delinquents. In order to prevent
      crime, we have to prevent juvenile delinquency for criminals are not born, they
      develop from juvenile delinquents. Research studies in Chattanooga, Tennessee,
      show that the youngsters brought before the juvenile court have many different
      kinds of problems, but one problem that almost all have, other than the drug
      scene kid, is that they cannot read adequately. Many high school students are
      reading at first, second and third grade level; 91 percent to 94 percent of our
      juvenile delinquents are having reading and learning difficulties in the
      classroom. Consequently, they are all socially promoted and are facing the sting
      of failure which leads to truancy and conflict with school authorities. These
      children go from frustration to frustration and become behavior problems in the
      classroom. The teachers of the first, second, and third grades know which
      children are having difficulty with reading and will have possible behavioral
      problems, possibly becoming juvenile delinquents. This writer believes there are
      five essential preconditions which contribute to one's becoming a juvenile
      delinquent. Robert had them all: 1. Lack of proper supervision by the parents is
      the first precondition which contributes to juvenile delinquency. The family is
      the first and basic institution for the development of the child's emotional
      intellectual, moral, spiritual, physical and social behavior. 2. Improper
      discipline is the second factor. Experience teaches us that permissiveness should
      be controlled at an early age, and too much discipline is just as bad as too
      little discipline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 1078352
TI  - Vision care of Joseph--an infant.

PMID- 1078353
TI  - Inner city environment problems.

PMID- 1078354
TI  - Optometry and a deaf child.

PMID- 1078355
TI  - Optometric manpower resources--1973. Part II.
AB  - The Optometric Manpower Resources Project, funded under government contract since
      June of 1971, has completed its 1973 national census of licensed optometric
      manpower in the United States. The first article in this series of three reported
      on the distribution of optometrists by census region and the current ratio of
      practicing optometrists to civilian population. This second article reports on
      the principal forms of employment of active optometrists, the distribution of
      number of years in practice and practice size. The data indicate that there has
      been a shift away from self-employment (88% in 1968, 77% in 1973) into more
      varied forms of salaried employment, especially among those in practice fewer
      than ten years. Practice size is shown to peak at between fifteen and twenty-four
      years in practice with a median of approximately 5,400 patients.

PMID- 1078356
TI  - Rotational characteristics of the Warner-Lambert Softcon hydrophilic contact
      lenses.
AB  - The rotational characteristics of seven Warner-Lambert Softcon soft hydrophilic
      contact lenses were monitored on the subject's eye by direct observation and
      photographically for approximately 30 minutes. Lens parameters which altered the
      rate and direction of rotation were recorded and evaluated.

PMID- 1078357
TI  - Mydriatic effects using low concentrations of phenylephrine hydrochloride.
AB  - The dose response relationship of different concentrations of phenylephrine with
      and without prior application of topical anesthetic was measured to determine the
      minimum concentration which produced maximum mydriasis. As little as 0.125%
      phenylephrine caused mydriasis in some subjects and maximum mydriasis was
      achieved with 2%. Concentrations greater than 2% produced very little additional
      mydriasis. A therapeutically effective dose could be as low as 1% with prior
      installation of a topical anesthetic.

PMID- 1078358
TI  - Waxed windshields are hazardous in the rain.
AB  - Seven automobiles were washed and waxed at four car washes. Photographic
      determinations were made of the glare produced by the wet or dry waxed windshield
      in a headlight beam. When wet, the waxed windshields scattered three times more
      light than in the normal human eye. The wet wax scattering was 24.8 times higher
      than when dry. No wax residues should be permitted on windshields and the
      National Highway Traffic Safety Administration should issue a mandatory
      windshield cleaning requirement after waxing.

PMID- 1078359
TI  - A vision care module within a prototype HMO.
AB  - The Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) concept is dedicated to the prevention
      of disease and disability. Organizations incorporating this concept must include
      vision care if complete service is to be offered. Described in this paper is one
      such HMO, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, with details of the successful
      integration of optometric vision care into this medically oriented,
      multidisciplinary setting.

PMID- 1078360
TI  - Paraprofessional utilization in optometry.
AB  - Issues that surround the use of paraprofessionals in optometry are examined. The
      experiences and findings from paraprofessional programs in other health
      disciplines are reviewed as they relate to optometry. Paraprofessional
      utilization is a significant yet neglected alternative that has the potential of
      relieving the increasing manpower shortage in optometry. This concept is reviewed
      in terms of its effects on productivity and quality of care. The viability of
      this concept has been found to be dependent upon the subjective acceptance of
      paraprofessionals by the health professional as well as the consumer. Patient
      attitudes and acceptance are largely determined by the professional's acceptance.
      Values and beliefs held by the optometrist or some other discipline may manifest
      themselves as significant barriers to increased utilization of paraoptometric
      personnel. The socialization process must begin during the years of professional
      education and early years of clinical experience.

PMID- 1078361
TI  - Osmotic edema associated with contact lens adaptation.
AB  - When associated with the new contact lens patient, corneal edema may stem from
      quite different physiological bases, e.g. relative anoxia or osmotic imbalance. A
      quantitative overview of the osmotic origins of epithelial edema is given here.

PMID- 1078362
TI  - An untenable posture.

PMID- 1078363
TI  - Dean Peters discusses new optometry building at Alabama.

PMID- 1078364
TI  - Optometry and the underprivileged--an investigative report.
AB  - In this essay I have taken the topic, "Optometry and the Underprivileged," and
      approached it as an investigative report. This investigation found me talking
      with people in all walks of life and visiting many institutions and health care
      facilities. Some of the people discussed in the report and their conditions
      represent composites of the real situations I encountered. Their names are
      fictitious and to the best of my knowledge these people do not exist. The report
      is intended to be informative, constructively critical, unboring, and positive.
      If I have accomplished this, then my purpose has been fulfilled.

PMID- 1078365
TI  - Optometric manpower resources--1973. Part III.
AB  - The Optometric Manpower Resources Project, funded under government contract since
      June of 1971, has completed its 1973 national census of licensed optometric
      manpower in the United States. The first article in this series of three reported
      on the distribution of optometrists by census region and the current ratios of
      practicing optometrists to civilian population. The second article reported on
      the principal forms of employment of active optometrists, the number of years in
      practice and practice size. This third article reports on the age and sex
      distributions of licensed optometrists, their racial/ethnic composition, their
      pattern of specialization, and the schools/colleges of optometry from which they
      graduated. The data indicate that almost 50% of active optometrists were over 50
      years of age. Approximately 90% of male optometrists and only 58.5% of female
      optometrists were active. The data also indicate that one-third of all
      optometrists active in 1973 graduated from four schools/colleges of optometry.

PMID- 1078366
TI  - The role of the technician in optometric practice.
AB  - Members of the Indiana Optometric Association were asked to rate each of the
      duties which Indiana University optometric technician students are currently
      taught to perform. Rated on a four point scale from most desirable to
      undesirable, the duties deemed most important by respondents were those having to
      do with the dispensing of glasses and contact lenses as well as the usual
      receptionist and secretarial duties. The duties receiving the lowest ratings were
      keratometry and tonometry. However, there is good general agreement between the
      school and the profession concerning the content of the optometric technician
      program.

PMID- 1078367
TI  - Leadership and interpersonal need compatibilities between optometrists and
      optometric assistants.
AB  - A comparison of optometrists' leadership style and the preferred leadership style
      of their optometric assistants as well as both groups' interpersonal need
      orientations indicated: 1) optometrists' consideration and initiating structure
      orientations were lower than those preferred by their assistants, structure was
      significantly lower (p less than .01) while consideration approached significance
      (p = .08); 2) optometrists had significantly lower needs for expressing control
      than their assistants had for wanting to be controlled (p less than .01),
      assistants had significantly higher needs for expressing participation and
      inclusion than optometrists had for wanting to be included (p less than .05), and
      optometrists had significantly higher needs for wanting to be controlled and
      influenced than their assistants had to control and influence them (p less than
      .05). Implications for the optometrist-assistant working relationship are
      discussed.

PMID- 1078368
TI  - An experiment in health careers recruitment: a summer program at Indiana
      University.
AB  - During the summer of 1973, the Indiana University Division of Optometry, via a
      Special Project Grant from the National Institutes of Health, conducted its first
      Summer Institute in the Health Related Professions for High School and College
      Students. Twenty-seven high school students and twenty-nine college students were
      brought to Indiana University for intensive sessions in career awareness,
      curriculum and financial counseling, and academic coursework. Assisted by the
      staffs of Indiana Health Careers, Inc. and the Indiana University Coordinators
      for School Science, the Institute awakened new interests and goals, relative to
      the health career prospectus, within the trainees. As a direct consequence of the
      summer program, four participants in the college institute were matriculated into
      schools of medicine, pharmacy, and optometry during the semester following the
      culmination of the Institute; ten more are participating in the followup program
      for continued guidance and counseling, seeking 1974 entrance into health
      professions schools and colleges. This experiment in health professions
      recruitment for minority, disadvantaged, and low-income students proved to be a
      viable method of increasing the manpower pool of health professionals.

PMID- 1078369
TI  - Pre-school vision screening.

PMID- 1078370
TI  - Case in point.

PMID- 1078371
TI  - A closer look at diagnostic drugs for ophthalmic use.

PMID- 1078372
TI  - Mode of practice: personnel, administrative and professional.

PMID- 1078373
TI  - A broad view of the science and technology of optometry past and future.
      Hindsight and foresight.

PMID- 1078374
TI  - Social evolution and health planning.

PMID- 1078375
TI  - Health economics.

PMID- 1078376
TI  - Interprofessional relationships 1985--the three O's and others.

PMID- 1078377
TI  - Future scope of optometry.

PMID- 1078378
TI  - Full scope of optometric care.

PMID- 1078380
TI  - Optometric education.

PMID- 1078379
TI  - Health law in 1985--implications for the optometric profession.
AB  - In conclusion, I believe that you should seek to expand the scope of optometry
      into areas now regarded as exclusively medical practice, and devote less time and
      effort to protecting your rear from the encroachment of the opticians. I suggest
      this because it follows a seemingly natural process of expanding upward that one
      finds in other professions and occupations in the health field. Second, I have
      suggested that, to achieve an expanded scope of optometry, there may have to be
      some sacrifice of the concept of the independent, entrepreneurial practitioner in
      optometry. Even the medical profession is recognizing that the individual
      entrepreneurial physician is becoming less of a factor than he was before, and
      the future is not particularly bright for him further down the road. Third, to
      the extent you can influence the forum where the struggle over the expanded
      practice of optometry takes place, you may increase the likelihood that the
      expanded role will be recognized by law sooner. I have already alluded to the
      idea that costs of health services and funding mechanisms are intimately tied to
      the law related to optometric practice in the future. As you know from the
      legislative struggles in many states over inclusion of optometric services within
      state Medicaid programs, and freedom of choice legislation that required an
      insurer to pay any legally recognized practitioner who could provide the service,
      rather than physicians exclusively, the optometric profession is well aware how
      closely the success of a profession is linked to access to third party
      payment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

PMID- 1078381
TI  - Ocular involvement in a case of multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 1078383
TI  - Orthokeratology--fact or fiction.

PMID- 1078382
TI  - Self-assessment Program. Presented by College of Optometry, Pacific University.

PMID- 1078384
TI  - The sale of a practice. Interview by G.B. Stein.

PMID- 1078385
TI  - Understanding fluorescein contact lens photography: equipment and technique.
AB  - A basic consideration of the utilization of close-up photography in the
      ophthalmic health care field is discussed. These principles can be applied to
      fluorescein contact lens photography using a hand-held camera. The discussion is
      divided into two areas: basic theory and equipment is reviewed, and a description
      of the clinical technique is described.

PMID- 1078386
TI  - Orthokeratology: changes to the corneal curvature and the effect on refractive
      power due to the sagittal length change.
AB  - Little has been published to date on orthokeratology which can explain what
      changes the eye actually goes through. Many professionals are waiting for this
      evidence before judging this controversial technique. With orthokeratology the
      corneal curves are changed and present a definite pattern. There are a number of
      changes which must occur when the cornea is flattened which reduce the power of
      the eye beyond that amount of flattening. This paper examines one of these
      unknowns.

PMID- 1078387
TI  - The efficacy of frosted contact lenses in controlling flare.
AB  - Improved techniques are rapidly increasing alternatives to the contact lens
      practitioner to aid in his efforts to afford maximum comfort and efficacy to the
      vision of his patients. The purpose of this research study was to determine if
      subjective symptoms of flare could be controlled, to a significant degree, with a
      frosted contact lens.

PMID- 1078388
TI  - Self-assessment Program. Presented by Illinois College of Optometry.

PMID- 1078389
TI  - Retinal detachment.

PMID- 1078390
TI  - Crossed eyes: a needless handicap.

PMID- 1078391
TI  - The influence of a high level of corn oil on rat serum lipoproteins.
AB  - Although the stated requirement for linoleic acid in humans is less than 2% of
      the dietary calories, recently there has been considerable emphasis on the
      necessity to substitute dietary polyunsaturates for saturates in order to reduce
      serum cholesterol levels. In this study we have sought to determine the
      nutritional consequences of feeding a very high level of linoleate to rats. Three
      groups of thirty adult animals each were fed a semipurified diet consisting by
      weight of casein 17%; mineral mixture 5.5%; vitamin mixture in glucose 2.2%;
      cellulose fiber 3.0%; and corn oil 0% (group A), 10% (group B) or 40% (group C),
      which was provided at the expense of glucose. At the end of four weeks on the
      diets, blood was obtained in the fasting state from 16 rats in each group. The
      serum was ultracentrifugally fractionated into six classes of lipoproteins and
      analyzed for lipid composition and protein content. Disc gel electrophoresis
      using lipid and protein stains established that the various lipoprotein
      subclasses were reasonably free of adjacent density fractions. Although the total
      serum cholesterol levels were practically the same in the three groups, the
      cholesterol moiety of the major low density lipoproteins, LDL2 (d 1.019-1.050),
      but not of very low density lipoproteins, VLDL (d 1.006) or low density
      lipoproteins, LDL1 (d 1.006-1.019), was substantially and very significantly
      increased in rats fed the high level of corn oil as compared to the other groups.
      The concentration of the very low density lipoproteins was significantly lower in
      group C than in the groups A and B. The LDL2 concentration but not that of LDL1
      was significantly greater in group C as compared to group A. The
      cholesterol/total lipid ratio was significantly greater in both LDL2 and LDL1 but
      not in VLDL of group C as compared with group A. The serum high density
      lipoproteins were relatively less influenced by the ingestion of an excessive
      level of corn oil at this time period. The serum lipoprotein levels as well as
      their lipid composition were generally similar in groups A and B and suggested
      that a moderate level (5%) of dietary linoleate did not cause any untoward
      changes in rats. On the basis of current information on the metabolism of
      lipoproteins, it has been proposed that the increase in rat serum LDL2 of group C
      reflects the status of the liver and that a large portion of the cholesterol
      moiety of LDL2 is perhaps derived from the liver while the protein and
      phospholipid portions may represent remnants of VLDL catabolism.(ABSTRACT
      TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

PMID- 1078392
TI  - Age-related interrelationships of blood pressure and arterial sterol accumulation
      in spontaneously atherosclerosis-susceptible and atherosclerosis-resistant
      pigeons.
AB  - Interrelationships of arterial sterol accumulation and blood pressures were
      examined in age-matched White Carneau and Show Racer pigeons. It was found that
      the systolic blood pressure of White Carneaux changed from 155.0 mm Hg at nine
      months of age to 168.8 mm Hg at 17 months of age (P less than 0.005) while that
      of the Show Racers did not show any age-related increases. In White Carneaux, the
      total sterol content in the aorta increased by 43.6% from 9 months to 17 months
      of age (P less than 0.001) with major changes in the steryl ester fraction while
      no such changes were evident in the Show Racers. This indicates
      interrelationships of the arterial sterol content and blood pressure in the White
      Carneau pigeon.

PMID- 1078393
TI  - ABO blood groups and age groups in surgical venous thromboembolism.
AB  - In a series of cases of surgical thromboembolism there were significant age
      differences in the ratio of cases of blood group A to those of blood group O, the
      ratio being highest in the youngest age groups.

PMID- 1078394
TI  - Familial and acquired type V hyperlipoproteinemia.
AB  - The nature of Type V hyperlipoproteinemia including mode of presentation,
      prominent clinical and biochemical features, and genetics, was examined in 29
      adults presenting with the Type V lipoprotein phenotype. Initially 23 of the 29
      patients had various metabolic stimuli (diabetes out of control, estrogenic
      agents, pancreatitis, ethanolism) superposed on their acute hypertriglyceridemia.
      After metabolic stabilization, 17 of the 29 subjects were shown to have familial
      hypertriglyceridemia. In the 17 kindreds with familial hypertriglyceridemia, the
      lack of a specific, distinctive genetic marker for the Type V genotype and for
      the Type IV genotype restricts the conclusion that the pattern of inheritance was
      consistent with an autosomal dominant trait.

PMID- 1078395
TI  - 780 SE: a new type of hypolipemic agent. Comparative assays in rats.
AB  - The effect of 1-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2-(beta-benzoyloxyethyl)-amino- propane
      hydrochloride (780 SE) on serum lipids, blood glucose and liver weight was
      studied in 4 experimental models, and compared with that of clofibrate and
      tiadenol. When rats were given a daily oral dose of 25 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg of 780
      SE for 5 days a marked reduction of serum triglycerides and liver weight was
      observed. The decreases were more pronounced than those in rats treated with 50
      mg/kg or 100 mg/kg of clofibrate or tiadenol. On the other hand, a reduction of
      serum cholesterol was only observed in the groups given clofibrate and tiadenol.
      These differences could be explained on the basis of the mechanism of action of
      the different drugs. Only 780 SE induced a decrease in blood sugar level, a
      reduction of plasma insulin concentration and restored the insulin sensitivity to
      a normal value in obese animals. There was a significant decrease in liver weight
      of 780 SE treated rats, whereas clofibrate and tiadenol cause hepatomegaly.

PMID- 1078396
TI  - Distribution of cholesterol and triglycerides among lipoprotein fractions in fat
      fed rabbits at different levels of serum cholesterol.
AB  - The serum lipoproteins of rabbits given semisynthetic cholesterol-free diets
      containing coconut oil or butter or a conventional rabbit chow supplemented with
      cholesterol, were studied by preparative ultracentrifugation and electrophoresis.
      (1) All three diets elevated the total cholesterol level but only the coconut oil
      diet markedly increased the triglyceride (TG) content in addition. All
      ultracentrifugation fractions showed elevated cholesterol/TG ratios, and this was
      especially evident for the cholesterol diet. In the hyperlipidemic rabbits
      cholesterol was therefore mainly transported in lipoproteins with a changed lipid
      composition. (2) The lipid levels of the "HDL" fraction were more or less
      unaffected by the lipid concentration in whole serum. In the total serum
      cholesterol ranges 150-500 (coconut oil diet) and 100-300 mg/100 ml (cholesterol
      diet), most cholesterol was transported as "LDL" cholesterol. This latter
      fraction reached maximum cholesterol concentrations of about 350 (coconut oil
      diet) and 400 mg/100 ml (cholesterol diet) at total cholesterol levels of
      approximately 600 and 1200 mg/100 ml serum, respectively. At still higher levels
      of total cholesterol, the whole increment was concentrated to the "VLDL"
      fraction. (3) With semisynthetic diets in the whole cholesterol range 250-400
      mg/100 ml it was possible, with respect to cholesterol, to induce fairly similar
      concentrations and distributions to those seen in man, with about 60% transported
      as "LDL", 30% as "VLDL" and 10% as "HDL" cholesterol with the coconut oil diet
      and 65%, 20% and 15%, respectively, with the butter diet. Such experimental
      conditions seem to be suitable for testing the hypocholesterolemic action of
      drugs intended for human hyperlipidemia Type II. (4) Compared with earlier
      investigations on rabbits, the present distribution study suggests that the
      degree of aortic lipid infiltration in cholesterol-fed rabbits is better related
      to the levels of "LDL" than to "VLDL" cholesterol.

PMID- 1078397
TI  - What you've always wanted to know about contact lenses and were afraid to ask.
      Interview by Gerald B.M. Stein.

PMID- 1078398
TI  - An analysis of arcuate staining with the B&L SOFLENS. Part I.
AB  - A survey of 100 of our patients wearing Bausch & Lomb hydrophilic lenses shows
      that 38.5 per cent demonstrate corneal staining. The type of corneal staining
      that we are concerned with is epithelial, superficial, arcuate and usually
      located peripherally in an area between four and eight o'clock.

PMID- 1078399
TI  - Variation in refractive error and corneal curvature after wearing hydrophilic
      contact lenses.
AB  - Twenty-eight eyes of people who have successfully worn hydrophilic contact lenses
      were monitored during a period after removal of their contact lenses. The results
      are compared to similar studies of wearers of non-flexible contact lens. While
      both curvature and refractive changes in a number of eyes stabilized at about one
      week, others did not stabilize until three weeks or more.

PMID- 1078400
TI  - Power changes converting aphakics from hard contact lenses to the B&L SOFLENS.
AB  - The authors refit 20 former hard lens aphakic eyes with the Bausch & Lomb
      SOFLENS. Ten patients required less soft lens power than the power of the hard
      contact lens formerly used; five patients required the same soft lenspower; and
      five patients required more power with the soft lens than with the previous hard
      lens used. These findings were different than what would have been expected on
      the basis of the Back-Vertex Power Chart distributed by Bausch & Lomb.

PMID- 1078401
TI  - A comparison of corneal topographical changes induced by corneal lens wear and
      keratoconus.
AB  - A distinction is made between keratoconus-like changes induced by physical
      pressures placed on the cornea by hard corneal lens wear and the simultaneous
      development of true keratoconus in contact lens wearers.

PMID- 1078402
TI  - Cholesterol: blood and tears.
AB  - The interrelationships of tear and blood cholesterol levels are explored with
      particular emphasis on the variables of age and obesity.

PMID- 1078403
TI  - Soft contact lens identification.
AB  - Measuring procedures used for hydrogel contact lenses are sufficiently difficult
      to make identification of a given soft lens annoyingly time-consuming and
      sometimes impossible. Etching a number or letter on the lens when it is received
      from the laboratory allows the practitioner to tell whether the proper lens is
      being worn, even while the lens is still on the patient's eye. A sharp pointed
      tool on a dry hydrogel lens produces this identifying number.

PMID- 1078404
TI  - Prepaid contact lens care for the hard lens patient.
AB  - The author presents his views as to why prepaid care is the best method of after
      care for contact lens patients. Detailed procedures are presented as to how to
      implement such a program. Legal justification for the use of prepaid care plans
      by the optometrist is given.

PMID- 1078405
TI  - Patient response to PMMA contact lenses.
AB  - This study was designed to determine patient response to hard (PMMA) contact
      lenses and evaluate how lens modifications and refitting affect success. The
      subjects of this study were 178 randomly selected contact lens patients fitted at
      the University of California School of Optometry. Six to nine months after the
      patients were examined and fitted, their response to contact lenses was evaluated
      using the standard of Sarver and Harris. 44.4% of the patients were successful
      with the initial lenses while an additional 35.4% of the patients became
      successful after appropriate lens changes were made. The majority of the changes
      made were to eliminate ocular tissue changes. Our results indicate that lens
      modifications or refittings are often necessary to achieve a successful response
      to contact lenses.

PMID- 1078406
TI  - Treatment of hyperopia associated with exotropia.

PMID- 1078407
TI  - [Surgical treatment of fractures of the malar bone and zygomatic arch].

PMID- 1078408
TI  - [Electronystagmographic findings in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 1078409
TI  - [Lymphoepithelioma. Histomorphological and clinical observations in 3 cases].

PMID- 1078410
TI  - Expanded duty dental assistants in solo private practice.

PMID- 1078411
TI  - Dentistry and peer review: sham, smoke screen or reality.

PMID- 1078413
TI  - Retired military personnel--a source of dental education manpower.

PMID- 1078412
TI  - Interface of the dental profession and the public.

PMID- 1078414
TI  - A humanistic approach to clinical performance evaluation.

PMID- 1078415
TI  - [Clinical statistics research. Proceedings of the 19th annual meeting of the
      German Society of Medical Documentation and Statistics. 30 September-2 October
      1974, Mainz].

PMID- 1078416
TI  - [Systematic multivariate correlation patterns, used in the symptom correlation of
      diseases].

PMID- 1078417
TI  - Strategies for identifying patterns of categorical variables that have diagnostic
      significance.

PMID- 1078418
TI  - [Differentiation of myocardial infarct and angina pectoris in preventive
      medicine].

PMID- 1078419
TI  - [The Rasch model in clinical epidemiology].

PMID- 1078420
TI  - [Procedure for classification and cross-validation of large amounts of data].

PMID- 1078421
TI  - [Results of frequency analysis studies of first heart sounds with a computer
      program].

PMID- 1078422
TI  - [Correlations of clinical findings in healthy persons and patient groups in
      Special Research Area 36].

PMID- 1078423
TI  - [Review and interpretation problems].

PMID- 1078424
TI  - [Methodologic remarks on the statistical evaluation of a clinical trial].

PMID- 1078425
TI  - [Age, sex and constitutional relations of normal values].

PMID- 1078426
TI  - [Personal, anamnestic and situational factors modifying biochemical parameters].

PMID- 1078427
TI  - [Correlation differences in different patient groups].

PMID- 1078428
TI  - [Correlations with vectorcardiogram variables].

PMID- 1078429
TI  - [Correlations of pneumologic variables].

PMID- 1078430
TI  - [Correlations of angiologic variables].

PMID- 1078431
TI  - [Correlations of psychologic variables].

PMID- 1078432
TI  - [Trials in type finding (cluster analysis)].

PMID- 1078433
TI  - [Cardiocirculatory parameters as rehabilitation indices].

PMID- 1078434
TI  - [Formation of hypotheses with available data material].

PMID- 1078435
TI  - [Follow-up indices in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1078436
TI  - [A Markov chain model for comparison of the incidence of miscarriage in various
      partial samples of a pregnancy follow-up study].

PMID- 1078437
TI  - On probability as a basis for action.

PMID- 1078438
TI  - [An evaluation system for follow-up data and its methodologic implications].

PMID- 1078439
TI  - [Long-term studies of laboratory values].

PMID- 1078440
TI  - [Statistical viewpoints in the comparison of laboratory methods].

PMID- 1078441
TI  - [Estimating variance components in automatic processing of vectorcardiograms].

PMID- 1078442
TI  - [Repeat variability in programs for automatic ECG processing].

PMID- 1078443
TI  - [Routine use of nonlinear discriminant analysis in the evaluation of the
      pancreatic function test].

PMID- 1078444
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of a temporal follow-up series of nonparametric
      formulations].

PMID- 1078445
TI  - [Experiences with data processing systems for the statistical evaluation of
      clinical studies].

PMID- 1078446
TI  - [Psychometric and psychosomatic results in the evaluation of patient samples in
      ambulatory care of thyroid diseases using a general program system].

PMID- 1078447
TI  - [Medical data processing by the German federal railroad].

PMID- 1078448
TI  - [Selection through patient dropouts in therapeutic series].

PMID- 1078449
TI  - [Experiences with various computer programs in the evaluation of rest
      electrocardiograms in preventive cardiologic patient care].

PMID- 1078450
TI  - [Experiences with the use of bar codes in clinical medicine].

PMID- 1078451
TI  - [Factor analysis studies of the course and distribution of arteriosclerosis in
      patients with myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1078452
TI  - [Representation strategies with reference to the classification of EEG
      variables].

PMID- 1078453
TI  - [Difficulties in planning in therapeutic comparisons].

PMID- 1078454
TI  - [Evaluation strategies in collaborative studies].

PMID- 1078455
TI  - [Assessment of the effect of therapeutic measures and other factors of influence
      on the course of pregnancy and child development].

PMID- 1078456
TI  - [Interactive data processing in medicine. The man-machine dialog. Proceedings of
      the 20th annual meeting of the German Society of Medical Documentation,
      Informatics and Statistics. 29 September-1 October 1975, Heidelberg].

PMID- 1078457
TI  - [An evaluation-oriented data bank system in the hospital].

PMID- 1078458
TI  - [Communication between a hospital and an insurance information system].

PMID- 1078459
TI  - Communication systems and data banks in the hospital: a multidisciplinary,
      problem-solving approach.

PMID- 1078460
TI  - [Value of online communication and data bank systems within a hospital
      administration system].

PMID- 1078461
TI  - [The data bank and communication system in the Herford district hospital].

PMID- 1078462
TI  - [Processing laboratory data: how, with what, why?].

PMID- 1078463
TI  - [The man-machine dialog--introduction to the problem].

PMID- 1078464
TI  - [A data display system as a communications aid in the automated clinical
      chemistry laboratory].

PMID- 1078465
TI  - [Processing of clinical chemical values in redundant systems by external or
      internal variation of program structure and measuring procedure].

PMID- 1078466
TI  - [Separating problems in a multistage laboratory system].

PMID- 1078467
TI  - [Use of a computer in the processing of laboratory data--possibilities and
      limits].

PMID- 1078468
TI  - [A data bank system for medical image data with a graphic display as a user
      interface station].

PMID- 1078469
TI  - [Sense and criteria of contemporary data processing in dialog].

PMID- 1078470
TI  - [Interactively learning algorithms in clustering varied periodic biosignals].

PMID- 1078471
TI  - [Interactive digital ECG processing and transmission].

PMID- 1078472
TI  - [A central system for medical analog data gathering and processing].

PMID- 1078473
TI  - [Online signal processing in lung function studies].

PMID- 1078474
TI  - [The supraregional online data system DATALINE and the data information
      processing systems].

PMID- 1078475
TI  - [Man and numbers].

PMID- 1078476
TI  - An operational ambulatory medical record system.

PMID- 1078477
TI  - Interactive data processing in the medical research institution.

PMID- 1078478
TI  - [Interactive data processing in the area of medical biology research].

PMID- 1078479
TI  - [Data communication in the hospital using an interactive computer].

PMID- 1078480
TI  - [Use of arithmetic terminology in search and output commands of a medical
      information system].

PMID- 1078481
TI  - [Documentation and information in the public health service. Proceedings of the
      18th annual meeting of the German Society of Medical Documentation and Statistics
      of the German Society of Documentation. 30 September-3 October 1973, Bielefeld].

PMID- 1078482
TI  - [Research planning in the rehabilitation of dysmelia children].

PMID- 1078483
TI  - [Possibilities in using electronic data processing in rehabilitation].

PMID- 1078484
TI  - [Rehabilitation of heart infarct patients based on ergometric studies].

PMID- 1078485
TI  - [Electronic processing of the Personality Scales System 25 as an aid in the
      rehabilitation of heart infarct patients].

PMID- 1078486
TI  - [The risk patient register].

PMID- 1078487
TI  - [A data bank information system for statistical evaluation of preventive
      examinations].

PMID- 1078488
TI  - [Collection and analysis of all medical data characteristic of a university
      clinic].

PMID- 1078489
TI  - [Syndromatologic data bank in Frankfurt a. M.--responsibilities and functions].

PMID- 1078490
TI  - [Principles of future information politics in social and occupational medicine].

PMID- 1078492
TI  - [Functions and technical problems of medical data protection].

PMID- 1078491
TI  - [Record linkage for science and general practice].

PMID- 1078493
TI  - [Medical confidentiality in the data protection law of West Germany].

PMID- 1078494
TI  - [Methods and problems of prognostic studies in substance-dependent patients].

PMID- 1078495
TI  - [Planning and organization of an expert system, exemplified by the
      toxicology/medicine model project].

PMID- 1078496
TI  - [Documentation of addresses of persons and institutions in research and practice
      for the purpose of active information gathering].

PMID- 1078497
TI  - [Request statistics as a means of system optimization in documentation of
      literature].

PMID- 1078498
TI  - [Problems of diffusion of innovations in the area of medicine].

PMID- 1078499
TI  - [Possibilities for international distribution of responsibilities and data
      exchange in the area of literature documentation for hospital services].

PMID- 1078500
TI  - [Evaluation of a course for the official physician at the Dusseldorf Academy of
      Public Health].

PMID- 1078501
TI  - [Necessity and possibilities of documentation as an information method in the
      assessment of social insurance carriers].

PMID- 1078502
TI  - [Data processing for preventive health in Vorarlberg].

PMID- 1078503
TI  - [Health statistics as a principle in health planning].

PMID- 1078504
TI  - [Documentation of audiometric findings in occupationally-induced noise damage of
      the ear in relation to number 26 of the list of occupational diseases].

PMID- 1078505
TI  - [Method and results of preventive laboratory study in 2 industries].

PMID- 1078506
TI  - [Documentation of preventive studies in peak performance athletes].

PMID- 1078507
TI  - [Does the fate of children with strabismus depend on the health education of the
      mothers?].

PMID- 1078508
TI  - [Sampling study of the dentition status of students based on machine-read
      examination cards].

PMID- 1078510
TI  - [A questionnaire for the preventive examination of 2-year-old children].

PMID- 1078509
TI  - [A questionnaire in preventive medicine].

PMID- 1078511
TI  - [Data processing in the planning, organization and evaluation of cytologic cancer
      prevention examinations].

PMID- 1078512
TI  - [A programmed dialog system for the detection of medical symptoms in mass
      roentgen studies].

PMID- 1078513
TI  - [Manpower studies in public health].

PMID- 1078514
TI  - [Experience up to now in single-case analysis of infant morality cases in a
      Berlin district].

PMID- 1078515
TI  - [Methodologic problems in the assessment of late damage following war
      imprisonment based on 1,000 autopsy protocols and disability data].

PMID- 1078516
TI  - [Social psychology of documentation behavior in routine hospital service.
      Experiences with the introduction of a routine documentation system in a
      psychiatric university clinic].

PMID- 1078517
TI  - The frequency of facial bone fractures in patients with multiple injuries
      sustained in traffic accidents.

PMID- 1078518
TI  - Distortion of gingival measurements in the orthopantomogram.

PMID- 1078519
TI  - Home humidifier thermophilic actinomycete isolates.
AB  - Twenty-seven thermophilic actinomycete isolates obtained from humidification
      systems or living-bedroom areas of individuals with suspected but unproved home
      environment-related respiratory disease were characterized morphologically and
      biochemically. All isolates were demonstrated to be members of the
      Thermoactinomyces genus. Two previously misidentified isolates were reclassified
      as a Thermoacetinomyces sp. Thus, all of our thermophilic actinomycete humidifier
      isolates studied to date have been identified as either Thermoactinomyces
      vulgaris or Thermoactinomyces sp. Large numbers of unidentified thermotolerant
      bacteria have also been isolated from virtually all residual humidifier water
      samples and their possible role in production of "humidifier-associated"
      respiratory disease is unknown.

PMID- 1078520
TI  - [It is not enough to have a bottle to make... mineral water].

PMID- 1078521
TI  - [My thoughts on the past, present and future of the ICN].

PMID- 1078522
TI  - [Autoimmune mechanisms and post-anesthetic hepatitis].
AB  - After a brief review of clinical, biological and immunological features of post
      anesthesia hepatitis and hepatic auto-immunity, the authors attempt to determine
      whether certain forms of post-anesthesia hepatitis can be placed under the
      heading of autoimmune liver disorders, the mechanisms by which auto-immunity can
      be induced and modulated and the practical implications of these concepts, namely
      with regard to detection of subjects at risk.

PMID- 1078523
TI  - [Stabilization and transport of multiple trauma patients].

PMID- 1078524
TI  - Progesterone-receptor mediation of chromatin RNA transcription in a cell-free
      system.
AB  - The chick oviduct progesterone receptor has been purified to homogeneity by
      affinity chromatography and its molecular action studied in vitro. The native
      receptor is a 200,000 MW dimer of two dissimilar 4S subunits with different
      intranuclear function. The receptors directly regulate RNA chain initiation sites
      in oviduct chromatin by interactions involving target tissue nuclear acceptor
      sites. There is a 1:1 correspondence between receptor "acceptor" sites and RNA
      sites. Only the dimer form of the receptor is active in vitro on chromatin
      templates. The study suggests a novel model for homone action that can be tested
      directly in this system.

PMID- 1078525
TI  - Mitotic activity in the craniofacial cartilages. II. Accumulation of arrested
      metaphases following colchicine injection in 20-day-old rats.

PMID- 1078526
TI  - [Status of endemic trachoma in Tunisia].

PMID- 1078527
TI  - [Chemically defined diets as a diagnostic and therapeutic measure in food
      hypersensitivities].
AB  - Vivasorb proved successful as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in a 78-year-old
      patient who had suffered from food allergy for three years. The alimentation with
      Vivasorb not only freed the patient of all her complaints, but also allowed the
      testing for the responsible allergens despite complete oral nutrition.

PMID- 1078529
TI  - Quantitative studies on gastric emptying of Vivasorb.
AB  - The stomach clearance following the administration of 210 g Vivasorb in 700 ml
      water was ascertained in a 22-year-old healthy test subject. In the first hour,
      50 g Vivasorb left the stomach, in the second hour 40 g and in the third and
      fourth hours, 30 g each. By doubling the dilution, the stomach clearance is not
      accelerated. An isocaloric glucose solution is cleared from the stomach just as
      rapidly as the Vivasorb solution.

PMID- 1078528
TI  - [Myocardial infarct patients with and without intensive nutrition consultation
      over several years-- comparison of physiological and social variables].
AB  - After three years of experience with change of nutrition in 300 infarction
      patients of the Hohenried long-term study (150 patients with intensive change of
      nutrition and 150 patients serving as control group) and 50 randomized study
      participants from the control group, the following results could be found: 1. In
      infarction patients, who underwent rehabilitation and follow-up examinations
      (group with change of nutrition), the increase of the P/S quotient causes no
      serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride decrease compared with the control
      group. 2. Alcohol and nicotine consumption cannot be further decreased by
      intensive nutrition consultation compared with the lasting effect of the
      comprehensive care. 3. As well, no further weight reduction (no less than the
      patient obtained during the rehabilitation phase) can be attained in the
      "nutrition change" and the control group. 4. From the "nutrition change" group
      more patients took up work again after the infarction compared with the control
      group, although age and social status are identical in both groups. These results
      are contradictory to nearly all other studies. We explain this difference by the
      fact that both groups were under comprehensive care. The care of the patient is a
      very decisive factor, which is the reason for keeping low the mentioned risk
      factors.

PMID- 1078530
TI  - [Comparison of medical and surgical treatment of infantile hypothalamic obesity].
AB  - The jejunoileal bypass is, of all the current therapeutic possibilities, the only
      permanent method for the successful treatment of a patient with hypothalamic
      obesity. Pre-operatively, it is advisable, however, to reduce the body weight by
      exclusive alimentation with Vivonex, in order to improve lung function and
      diminish the operation risks. Putting a smaller section of the bowel at rest will
      prevent major weight loss, as well as more severe complications. The disturbances
      of the calcium and potassium metabolism and of liver function, which frequently
      occur after jejunoileal bypass operation, were not observed, when on both sides
      of the immobilised bowel section a section of small bowel 23 to 38 cm long was
      maintained in normal function.

PMID- 1078531
TI  - [Nutritional problems in cardiovascular diseases].

PMID- 1078532
TI  - [Questioning of diabetic patients on their knowledge of nutrition and dietetics
      as well as on their smoking habits].
AB  - 100 diabetics were asked questions referring to the knowledge of nutrition to
      smoking habits. Most of the diabetics controlled their body weight regularly and
      were convinced that overweight may be dangerous to health. Despite this
      knowledge, more than half of the patients were overweight and did not know their
      individual ideal weight. Between the quality of dietary consultation and dietary
      behaviour of the patients a similar discrepancy existed: More than half of the
      questioned persons - especially males - had to be regarded as dietary failures.
      Patients with relatively low educational level came off worse. Fortunately, most
      of the patients were non-smokers. However, the dietary consultation practised at
      the moment seemed to have had no influence on the number of smokers.
      Consequently, for the training of the patients the following results: More than
      ever, the patients must be incited to normalize their body weight and they must
      be positively motivated in this regard as well as with regard to nicotine abuse.
      Behaviour therapy would certainly be desirable. Moreover, the patients should
      have a dietary consultation at least every second year. A dietary filled in for
      the patient personally must serve as the basis for the observance of the diet.
      Persons in whom diabetes mellitus was diagnosticated should receive consultation
      more quickly than up to now. Moreover, it would be useful to free the diet from
      the odium of an annoying and unimportant supplementation to medicamentous
      diabetes therapy. The study showed that continuous self-control of the own
      educational work is indispensable to guarantee a high standard of therapeutic
      efforts.

PMID- 1078533
TI  - [Diagnostic tests for hypersensitivity to halogen compounds].
AB  - The authors present a critical analysis of immunological tests used by some
      authors to establish the diagnosis of halothane-induced hepatitis. These tests
      include the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), the leukocyte migration
      inhibition test (LMIT) and detection of auto-antibodies. It has not been possible
      for all investigators to reproduce the results of these tests. The inhibition of
      these tests is not specific for halothane since it is also observed after
      infectious and serum viral hepatitis.

PMID- 1078534
TI  - Psychotomimetics of the Convolvulaceae.

PMID- 1078535
TI  - [Surgical pathology of the peripheral nerve. Anatomical review].

PMID- 1078536
TI  - Direct and indirect pulp capping.
AB  - Cavity disinfection, indirect pulp capping, and direct pulp capping have been
      discussed in light of present day knowledge of the biology of the pulp. A format
      has been presented to the restorative dentist which has had long-standing
      clinical acceptance based on some scientific data and clinical evidence to
      substantiate the treatment radionale.

PMID- 1078537
TI  - Some new studies of the wear behavior of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene.
AB  - The wear rate of ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) polyethylene over a long
      campaign of sliding distance is not constant. Both unfilled and graphite filled
      polyethylene show a high rate early, which reduces to a low value. The graphite
      filled product shows a late stage increase in wear rate. Increased molding
      temperature reduces the molecular weight and increases the wear rate. Titanium
      articulating with UHMW polyethylene develops frequently an abnormally high wear
      rate with the generation of a black wear product.

PMID- 1078538
TI  - Identification and characterization of species of the family Bacteriodaceae by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
AB  - Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to compare protein profiles of
      members of the family Bacteriodacceae. Cell-free extracts were prepared and the
      protein components separated by multistage polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
      The profiles were distinct and reproducible thus allowing identification of
      species, subspecies, and minor strain differences. Lyophilization of the cell
      free extracts did not alter the major protein components. The results indicate
      that the techniques used may be useful in conjunction with conventional tests in
      identification at the species level.

PMID- 1078539
TI  - Sinus barotrauma in divers.
AB  - Sinus barotrauma is a common occupational disease of divers, with the incidence
      of descent barotrauma approximately double that of ascent. Pain chronologically
      associated with the change of pressure is the most dominant symptom and is seen
      in 92% of the cases presented for treatment. The majority complain of a frontal
      distribution of pain, with ethmoidal and maxillary being much less significant.
      Epistaxis is the second commonest symptom, and may be the sole symptom in some
      ascent cases. A history of recent or past sinus barotrauma or upper respiratory
      tract pathology is very common. Clinical examination supports the evidence of
      upper respiratory tract pathology in many cases. The radiological signs of
      abnormality were present in over three quarters of the cases examined. Of these
      the maxillary sinus was affected in most cases, the frontal in approximately one
      quarter and the ethmoidal in less than a fifth. The pathology was more commonly
      that of mucosal thickening, but in 12% of cases there was a fluid level. It is
      noted that although symptoms were predominantly frontal, x-ray changes were most
      often present in the maxillary sinuses.

PMID- 1078540
TI  - [Comments on the infraspecific taxonomy of Sergentomyia minuta (Rondani, 1843),
      S. africana].
AB  - The authors discuss the systematic value of the cibarial armature of three
      members of the genus Sergentomyia. Subspecies could not be differentiated by the
      number of teeth, nor could members of the antennata and africana complexes.
      Moreover, from this character, the minuta complex along the Mediterranean coast
      of Spain appears to represent a typical "cline".

PMID- 1078541
TI  - Closing volume and slope of alveolar plateau in asthmatic children.

PMID- 1078542
TI  - Inculcate dental conciousness through dental health weeks.

PMID- 1078543
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations in the education of athe mentally handicapped
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The possibilities and limitations in the education of the mentally handicapped
      can today be defined in both medical and pedagogical terms. We think that the
      physician can create essential preconditions for optimal education of a mentally
      handicapped child by diagnostic retience, avoidance of negative suggestions, by
      observation of the possibilities which remain open, by concern for education as
      early as possible, by informing of special educational facilities and by
      emotional stabilization of the parents. This is the only way of attaining a
      successful upbringing with respect to a sufficient integration.

PMID- 1078544
TI  - The role of lymphotoxin in target cell destruction by mitogen-activated human
      lymphocytes. I. The correlation of target cell sensitivity to lymphotoxin and the
      intact lymphocyte.

PMID- 1078545
TI  - Long-lived T and B lymphocytes in the bone marrow and thoracic duct lymph of the
      mouse.

PMID- 1078546
TI  - Alternate-day prednisone therapy and human lymphocyte subpopulations.
AB  - The mechanisms and kinetics of the immunosuppressive effects of alternate-day
      prednisone were investigated in a group of patients with a variety of
      inflammatory diseases receiving a range of alternate-day prednisone doses from 5
      to 120 mg. Total circulating lymphocyte and monocyte counts, as well as
      proportions of lymphocyte subpopulations defined  both by surface markers and by
      in vitro functional capacities, were studied. At 8 a. m. of the day on
      prednisone, just before drug administration, lymphocyte and monocyte counts,
      proportions of lymphocyte subpopulations, as well as in vitro lymphocyte
      blastogenic responses to various mitogenic and antigenic stimuli were normal. 4 h
      after the administration of prednisone, there was a profound lymphocytopenia and
      monocytopenia, with a differential depletion of thymus-derived lymphocytes as
      well as various functionally defined lymphocyte subpopulations. Lymphocyte
      kinetic studies using a radioactive chromium-labeled autologous lymphocytes
      showed that the lymphocytopenia was due predominantly to a transient depletion of
      the recirculating portion of the intravascular lymphocytepool. All these
      parameters returned to normal by 8 a.m. of the following day (off prednisone) and
      remained normal throughout the day. This very transient lymphocytopenia and
      monocytopenia after prednisone, with normal cell numbers, proportions, and
      functions throughout the remainder of the 2-day cycle, was associated with
      suppression of disease activity, yet did not affect cutaneous delayed
      hypersensitivity in these patients nor increase the likelihood of infectious
      complications. This drug-associated cyclic and transient monocytopenia and
      selective lymphocytopenia is best explained by a redistribution of recirculating
      lymphocytes to other body compartments, particularly the bone marrow.

PMID- 1078547
TI  - Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy. A hyperimmune entity resembling Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy, although it resembles Hodgkin's disease, is a
      distinct, hyperimmune disorder apparently of the B-cell system. In 32 cases, it
      was characterized by a morphologic triad: proliferation of arborizing small
      vessels; prominent immunoblastic proliferations; and amorphous acidophilic
      interstitial material. Clinically, it is manifested by fever, sweats, weight
      loss, occasionally a rash, generalized lymphadenopathy and often
      hepatosplenomegaly. There is a consistent polyclonal hyperglobulinemia and often
      hemolytic anemia. The course of the disease is usually progressive, with a median
      survival of 15 months in 18 fatal cases. The cellular proliferation appears
      benign morphologically in the pretherapy biopsies and in 10 of 12 available
      autopsy cases. In three cases the process evolved into a lymphoma of
      immunoblasts, immunoblastic sarcoma. The basic process appears to be a non
      neoplastic hyperimmune proliferation of the B-cell system involving an
      exaggeration of lymphocyte transformation to immunoblasts and plasma cells that
      may be triggered by a hypersensitivity reaction to therapeutic agents.

PMID- 1078548
TI  - Improvement of reduced left ventricular diastolic compliance in ischemic heart
      disease after successful coronary artery bypass surgery.
AB  - To determine the effects of myocardial revascularization on decreased left
      ventricular diastolic compliance consequent to chronic stable coronary artery
      disease, 15 patients with patent coronary artery bypass grafts (Group I) were
      compared with 8 patients with occluded grafts (Group II) studied before and after
      operation. In addition, eight normal patients served as controls. Left
      ventricular diastolic compliance was assessed by: (1) total observed diastolic
      compliance: stroke volume (V) related to left ventricular diastolic pressure (P)
      change (deltaV/deltaP) normalized for end-systolic volume; (2) left ventricular
      stiffness index of passive elastic modulus (a equals slope of deltaP/deltaV
      related to mean left ventricular diastolic pressure); and (3) fractional pattern
      of left ventricular filling. All patients had normal sinus rhythm and none had
      preoperative or postoperative mitral regurgitation. The two groups with coronary
      disease were well matched preoperatively for ventricular function, volumes, mass,
      segmental contraction and compliance. Ejection fraction increased in Group I
      (0.56 preoperatively to 0.65 postoperatively, P less than 0.05) but was unchanged
      in Group II (0.63 To 0.61, P greater 0.05). Postoperative indexes of left
      ventricular compliance improved in Group I: (1) 0.110 to 0.150 (P less 0.05); (2)
      0.030 TO 0.019 (P less 0.05); and (3) 37 to 30 percent filling during last one
      third of diastole (P less 0.05). These indexes were unchanged postoperatively in
      Group II: (1) 0.109 to 0.102 (P greater 0.05); (2) 0.033 to 0.039 (P greater than
      0.05); and (3) 36 to 41 percent (P greater 0.05). Compliance indexes were not
      altered (P greater 0.05) in a subset of seven patients in Group I with
      preoperative or intercurrent myocardial infarction. Thus, this investigation
      demonstrates the relatively reversible nature of abnormal left ventricular
      compliance after successful coronary artery bypass surgery in certain patients
      with ischemic heart disease.

PMID- 1078549
TI  - Gene regulation in differentiation and development. Introductory remarks.

PMID- 1078550
TI  - Editorial: Thymosin therapy creates a "Hassall"(?)

PMID- 1078551
TI  - Letter: Limitations of methotrexate and citrovorum-factor treatments.

PMID- 1078552
TI  - Thymosin activity in patients with cellular immunodeficiency.
AB  - An extract of calf thymus, thymosin, induces an increase in percentage of T-cell
      rosettes when incubated in vitro with sheep erythrocytes and lymphocytes from
      patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases or viral illness. Precursor
      lymphocytes are required for this increase to occur. The percentage of T-cell
      rosettes, when they are normal, is not increased further upon incubation with
      thymosin. A patient with thymic hypoplasia and immunoglobulin synthesis was
      selected to receive thymosin in vivo when her T-cell rosettes had increased from
      15 to 48 per cent after in vitro incubation with thymosin. During therapy, she
      clinically improved, the percentage of T-cell rosettes gradually increased to
      normal, and positive delayed hypersensitivity skin tests developed. Thymosin may
      be useful clinically for partial reconstitution of cellular immunity. An
      increased percentage of T-cell rosettes after incubation with thymosin in vitro
      may predict which patients will respond to thymosin therapy in vivo.

PMID- 1078553
TI  - Oral manifestations of Crohn's disease without demonstrable gastrointestinal
      lesions.
AB  - The literature relating to oral manifestations of Crohn's disease is reviewed and
      a case is reported in which clinical and histopathologic features of oral Crohn's
      disease are present without demonstrable gastrointestinal lesions. It is
      suggested that it is reasonable to make a firm diagnosis of the condition on this
      evidence alone and to monitor the patient for subsequent gastrointestinal
      symptoms, so that treatment can be instituted at an early stage.

PMID- 1078554
TI  - Pancreatic disease.
AB  - New tests and test methods aid in the diagnosis of pancreatic disorders.
      Pancreatic carcinoma, especially, may have an improved prognosis with earlier
      detection as a result of refinements in arteriography, cytology, pancreatic
      radioisotopic scanning, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Acute
      pancreatitis results most commonly from alcoholism, biliary tract disease, and
      trauma. Management is directed primarily at decreasing pancreatic exocrine
      secretion. Surgery is usually best avoided in the acute phase. Chronic
      pancreatitis is most often a result of recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis.
      Diabetes and malassimilation become manifest as pancreatic destruction
      progresses. Management consists of replacement of pancreatic enzymes and diet
      supplements. Once chronic pancreatitis is established, surgery can only be
      directed at complications of the disease. Pancreatic ascites is usually
      associated with a break in the pancreatic ductal system. Ascites caused by trauma
      responds well to surgical intervention, but the alcoholic type is less amenable
      to treatment.

PMID- 1078555
TI  - The diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon.
AB  - Twenty-five patients with Raynaud's phenomenon, including 20 with associated
      diseases and five with primary Raynaud's disease, were evaluated with sequential
      determinations of digital temperature recovery time after cold exposure and
      magnification hand arteriography before and after cold exposure and before and
      after intra-arterial reserpine. A variety of immunologic screening tests were
      performed, and the clinical response to oral guanethidine of phenoxybenzamine was
      determined. Temperature recovery time was prolonged in all but two patients with
      Raynaud's phenomenon before treatment. Arteriography revealed luminal obstruction
      of variable degree in all but two patients with Raynaud's phenomenon but not in
      those with Raynaud's disease. Radiographic vasospasm was noted in all patients.
      Patients with Raynaud's symptoms had a markedly greater vasospastic response to
      cold exposure than did three control patients without Raynaud's symptoms.
      Arteriography 48 hours after intra-arterial reserpine repeat revealed decreased
      vasospasm and a decreased vasospastic response to cold in most patients. A
      variety of serum protein and serologic aberrations were detected, with only eight
      patients being free of immunologic abnormalities, Nineteen patients were treated
      with guanethidine alone, three with guanethidine-phenoxybenzamine combination,
      and one with phenoxybenzamine alone. Good or excellent clinical results were
      noted in 19 of the 23 patients treated, with an average follow-up to date of 12
      months.

PMID- 1078556
TI  - Improvement of myocardial and other vital organ functions and metabolism with a
      simple method of pulsatile flow (IABP) during clinical cardiopulmonary bypass.
AB  - A simple, safe, and effective method of producing pulsatile flow during
      cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) was used in
      56 patients. No complications were associated with IABP. Myocardial metabolic
      studies, including coronary sinus lactates, mycoardial venous-arterial lactate
      differences, myocardial lactate extraction, and "excess lactate" were determined
      serially during the first hour of CPB. Changes in myocardial metabolism were
      statistically less abnormal in pulsatile flow (PF) patients when contrasted with
      a comparable group of nonpulsatile flow (NPF) patients. The changes were probably
      myocardial in origin since alterations in arterial lactates and lactate/pyruvate
      ratios were similar in both groups. In a comparable group of coronary bypass NPF
      patients, the percentage of left ventricular ejection fractions fell during the
      immediate postoperative period, whereas it rose in the PF group. Over-all body
      tissue injury (lactic dehydrogenase) and probably hepatocellular injury (serum
      glutamic oxalacetic transaminase) were less apparent in the PF patients.
      Postoperative low-cardiac-output syndrome did not occur in the PF patients and
      supportive drugs and diuretics were not needed. PF does not produce excessive
      hemolysis. This procedure may improve mortality rates by improving myocardial and
      other vital organ perfusion and by sustaining their function during weaning from
      CPB. This technique may prove superior to other forms of PF and is indicated in
      patients with severe left ventricular or other vital organ dysfunction and/or
      prolonged CPB.

PMID- 1078557
TI  - Letter: Haemophilus influenzae in the elderly.

PMID- 1078558
TI  - Complications of diverticular disease: inflammation, obstruction and bleeding.

PMID- 1078559
TI  - Investigative measures in diverticular disease: radiology, colonoscopy.

PMID- 1078560
TI  - Colonic diverticulosis: medical and dietary management.

PMID- 1078561
TI  - Diverticular disease: proven surgical management.

PMID- 1078562
TI  - Analysis of pentose phosphate shunt in rat and frog gastric mucosae.

PMID- 1078563
TI  - Gonorrhea: recommended treatment schedules, 1974 Center for Disease Control.

PMID- 1078564
TI  - [Use of diadynamic currents in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 1078565
TI  - [Effect of serotonin on the awakening from winter hibernation].

PMID- 1078566
TI  - [Effect of hydrocortisone on the size and bioelectrical activity of motor neurons
      of frogs under various conditions of their stimulation].

PMID- 1078567
TI  - [Mechanism of interaction between the ampullar and otolith sections of the
      vestibular apparatus in the formation of nystagmus].

PMID- 1078568
TI  - Hemophilias and other hemorrhagic disorders. Significance of preventive
      dentistry.

PMID- 1078569
TI  - Will revitalized cells perk up immune activity in older persons?

PMID- 1078570
TI  - [Value of agar gel precipitin test in the detection of Haemophilus influenzae
      infection in chronic respiratory diseases].

PMID- 1078571
TI  - Application of visually evoked response near the threshold of vision to objective
      measurement of dark adaptation.
AB  - The visually evoked response (VER) to dim lights with intensities within the
      scotopic or lower mesopic range increased in amplitude during the progressive
      dark adaptation. The VER amplitude vs. time curve resembled the psychophysical
      dark adaptation curve. The spectral sensitivity curve of the dark-adapted VER
      matched the C.I.E. scotopic sensitivity curve. The dark-adapted VER was abnormal
      in patients with retinitis pigmentosa and with congenital stationary night
      blindness and recordable in a patient with cone dysfunction. There was a close
      correlation between the VER threshold and subjective threshold of visual
      perception. The dark-adapted VER may be useful as an objective index of dark
      adaptation.

PMID- 1078572
TI  - Gastrointestinal bleeding associated with Turner's syndrome. A case report.

PMID- 1078573
TI  - Association of an ultraviolet irradiation sensitive cytoplasmic localization with
      the future dorsal side of the amphibian egg.
AB  - Drastic alterations in neural morphogenesis can be induced by ultraviolet
      irradiation of the amphibian egg. The target area of U.V. was determined either
      by direct irradiation of various regions of the egg or by comparing the area of
      the U.V. hit with the location of the dorsal lip. Axolotl eggs which displayed
      easily recognizable gray crescents were employed for the direct irradiation
      experiments and albino axolotl eggs were used for a comparison of the U.V.
      sensitivity of the animal and vegetal halves of the egg. Marked frog eggs were
      employed to determine the relationship between the sensitive area and the site of
      formation of the dorsal lip. It was concluded that the dorsal marginal zone of
      the fertilized, uncleaved egg was the most sensitive area of the egg. Ovarian
      homogenates provide a source of material for correcting, by microinjection, the
      effects of U.V.

PMID- 1078574
TI  - Energy liberation and chemical change in frog skeletal muscle during single
      isometric tetanic contractions.
AB  - Recent data obtained from Rana temporaria sartorius muscles during an isometric
      tetanus indicate that the time-course of phosphocreatine (PC) splitting cannot
      account for the total energy (heat + work) liberation (Gilbert et al. 1971. J.
      Physiol. (Lond.) 218:)63). As this conclusion is important to an understanding of
      the chemical energetics of contraction, similar experments were performed on
      unpoisoned, oxygenated Rana pipiens sartorius muscles. The muscles were tetanized
      (isometrically) at 0 degrees C for 0.6, 1, or 5 s; metabolism was rapidly
      arrested by freezing the muscles with a specially designed hammer apparatus, and
      the frozen muscles were chemically analyzed. Comparable myothermal measurments
      were made on frogs from the same batch. Results of these experiments indicate:
      (a) The energy liberation parallels the PC and ATP breakdown with a
      proportionality constant of 10.7 kcal/mol; (b) comparably designed experiments
      with sartorius muscles of R. temporaria revealed that the ratio of energy
      liberation to PC splitting was significantly greater than that observed in R.
      pipiens sartorius muscles; (c) there is no systematic difference between
      experiments in which metabolism was arrested by the hammer apparatus and others
      using a conventional immersion technique.

PMID- 1078575
TI  - Longitudinal impedance of single frog muscle fibers.
AB  - The longitudinal impedance of single skeletal muscle fibers has been measured
      from1 to 10,000 Hz in an oil gap apparatus which forces current to flow
      longitudinally down the fiber. The impedance observed is purely resistive in some
      fibers from the semitendinosus muscle and in two fibers from the sartorius
      muscle. In other fibers from the semitendinosus muscle a small phase shift is
      observed. The mean value of the maximum phase shift observed from all fibers is
      1.07 degrees. The artifacts associated with the apparatus and method are examined
      theoretically and it is shown that one of the likely artifacts could account for
      the small phase observed. It is concluded that the longitudinal impedance of
      skeletal muscle fibers is essentially resistive and that little, if any,
      longitudinal current crosses the membranes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 1078576
TI  - Amino acid transport in peripheral nerve: specificity of uptake.

PMID- 1078577
TI  - An electrically evoked slow potential of the frog's retina. I. Properties of
      response.
AB  - 1. Brief pulses of electrical current passed through the frog's eye cup from
      sclera to vitreous (inward current) evoked large, vitreous positive slow
      potentials of retinal origin. Brief pulses of outward current evoke no response.
      2. This electrically evoked retinal response (EERG) increased sharply in
      amplitude as the strength of the stimulus was increased. 3. Strength-duration
      curves showed that the stimulating pulse was integrated with a time constant
      ranging from 14 to 36 ms. The time constant was a function of the amplitude
      chosen as a criterion. 4. The EERG was abolished by chemical agents which abolish
      the PII component of the ERG (KCl, NH3, aspartate). 5. The waveform of the EERG
      returned to the base line with exactly the same time course as the PII component
      of the ERG, both when the PII was evoked by flashes of light and when it was
      evoked by flashes of darkness. 6. These results can be explained in terms of the
      hypothesis that electrical stimuli act on the synaptic terminals of the
      photoreceptor cells.

PMID- 1078578
TI  - An electrically evoked slow potential of the frog's retina. II. Identification
      with PII component of electroretinogram.
AB  - 1. To show conclusively that the electrically evoked retinal response (EERG) is
      in fact an electrically evoked component of the usual ERG, it is necessary to
      show that the two responses have the same intraretinal pattern of current
      generators. A method for determining when two responses have the same origin has
      been developed. This method utilizes measurements from a single microelectrode
      penetrating the retina. 2. The method was sensitive enough to detect differences
      in the origins of two responses when they were present. 3. The EERG had the same
      intraretinal origin as the PII component of the ERG, and thus is the PII
      component evoked by electricity rather than by light. 4. The hypothesis that
      electrical stimuli act on the synaptic terminals of the photoreceptor cells
      predicts that electrical current will evoke components of the ERG. The fact that
      the EERG is an electrically evoked component of the ERG fulfills that prediction.

PMID- 1078579
TI  - Modification of the frog's electroretinogram by transretinal direct current.
AB  - 1. Transretinal direct current modifies the amplitude and waveform of the frog's
      electroretinogram (ERG). Outward current (that flowing from vitreous to sclera)
      depresses the ERG while inward current enhances it. Outward current causes an
      apparent reversal of the polarity of the positive off-response (d-wave) of the
      ERG. 2. A true reversal does not actually occur. Rather, the outward current
      unmasks a negative off-response by depressing the positive off-response. 3. The
      positive off-response and the b-wave can be completely abolished by strong
      outward current, but cannot be reversed. 4. Treatment with ammonia abolishes the
      negative off-response, leaving a positive off-response which is affected by
      current in exactly the same way as the normal positive off-response. 5. Two
      possible mechanisms by which the current could be affecting the amplitude of the
      positive off-response would require that its amplitude be reversed for strong
      outward current. The absence of such reversal rejects these mechanisms.

PMID- 1078580
TI  - Neonatal craniopharyngioma. Case report.
AB  - The authors report a case of craniopharyngioma in a newborn infant. Marked
      hydrocephalus of the fetal head was recognized in the pelvimetric roentgenograms
      of the mother and massive suprasellar calcification was seen in the plain skull
      films.

PMID- 1078581
TI  - Pseudocyst of the pancreas. Experience with 70 cases.

PMID- 1078582
TI  - Ischemic colitis.

PMID- 1078583
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, emphysema, cirrhosis, and intestinal mucosal
      atrophy.
AB  - An elderly man with long-standing pulmonary emphysema was seen with recent onset
      of steatorrhea and ascites. He had very low levels of serum alpha1-antitrypsin,
      hepatic cirrhosis, and intestinal mucosal atrophy. We believe this this
      combination of findings did not occur by chance.

PMID- 1078584
TI  - Editorial: HL-A system and rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1078585
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1078586
TI  - [Changes in the digestive tract in liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1078587
TI  - Use of a Fogarty biliary catheter to create a bloodless field for saphenous vein
      coronary artery anastomosis.

PMID- 1078588
TI  - A clinical method for detecting subendocardial ischemia after cardiopulmonary
      bypass.
AB  - Subendocardial ischemia with consequent subendocardial necrosis is a frequent
      cause of death after cardiopulmonary bypass. The problem is caused by an inequity
      in the oxygen requirements of the subendocardium and the available blood supply.
      We have developed a means of detecting ischemia early in the postperfusion
      period. Using an analogue computer, we determine the endocardial viability ratio
      (EVR). This value may decrease before either systemic or central venous pressure
      changes. Thus the ratio can reflect early the danger of subendocardial ischemia.
      Another advantage is that equipment now common in coronary care units can be used
      to determine the EVR.

PMID- 1078589
TI  - Direct selective myocardial revascularization by internal mammary artery-coronary
      vein anastomosis.
AB  - In this report, we shall describe our work with retrograde coronary perfusion,
      first in mongrel dogs and then in 6 patients. The left internal mammary artery
      (LIMA) is anastomosed to the left anterior descending coronary vein (LADV)  to
      provide myocardial perfusion. This procedure may be of great value in the
      treatment of patients who are not suitable candidates for direct coronary bypass
      grafting, i.e., those who have diffuse atherosclerosis, with poor or no runoff of
      the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADA),but who have satisfactory
      left ventricular contraction.

PMID- 1078590
TI  - The rationale for surgery in preinfarction angina.
AB  - Of 123 patients with identical clinical criteria for preinfarction angina, 35
      were treated medically and 88 surgically in a nonrandomized manner. There was no
      statistical difference between these two therapeutic groups in regard to age
      range, average age, sex distribution, number and distribution of prior myocardial
      infarction, and duration of chronic and acute anginal symptoms. With medical
      therapy, 32 sustained a myocardial infarction, and 14 (40 per cent) of these died
      within 1 month of hospital admission. Thirteen of 21 survivors or 37 per cent of
      the original group are asmptomatic on continuing medical therapy an average of 15
      months after discharge. The surgical patients were studied by catherization and
      anigiography and underwent an early operation. Eight (9.4 per cent) demonstrated
      evidence of postoperative infarction, and 3 (3.4 per cent) died after the
      operation. Seventy-one (84 per cent) are completely asymptomatic and 6 are less
      symptomatic an average of 17 months after the operation. Actuarial analysis of
      the follow-up data reveals that the initial significant difference in survival
      between the two groups is maintained through the first 36 months. On the basis of
      this experience, we suggest that surgical intervention is the therapy of choice
      in patients with preinfarction angina.

PMID- 1078591
TI  - Rb86 flux interactions in frog sciatic nerve membrane.

PMID- 1078592
TI  - Effects of the ionophores, X-537A and A-23187 on catecholamine release from the
      in vitro frog adrenal.

PMID- 1078593
TI  - Suppression of lymphocyte transformation after aspirin ingestion.
AB  - To learn whether in vitro blastogenesis of lymphocytes is affected by in vivo
      salicylate ingestion, blood samples were obtained from 19 normal volunteers
      before and after therapeutic doses of aspirin. Lymphocyte transformation studies
      performed on these blood samples showed marked and statistically significant
      suppression of blastogenesis. Maximum suppression was observed in blood samples
      obtained 12 hours after the last aspirin ingestion. As compared to controls,
      samples obtained at this time showed mean blastogenic responses to
      phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogens of 49 and 56 per cent respectively. No
      correlation could be demonstrated between the plasma salicylic acid level and the
      degree of suppression of blastogenesis. Aspirin ingestion altered neither the
      proportions of circulating T and B cells nor the viability of lymphocytes in
      culture.

PMID- 1078594
TI  - Quantitative determination of antibody in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
      Correlation of serum and platelet-bound antibody with clinical response.
AB  - We studied the clinical applicability of a recently developed technic that
      determines antiplatelet antibody directly on the platelet surface or in serum.
      The technic is a quantitative complement lysis-inhibition assay. Normal platelets
      have less than 0.4 pg of surface IgG. All patients with idiopathic
      thrombocytopenic purpura who were studied had greater than that value. Surface
      IgG was increased in inverse proportion to the platelet count. Surface levels of
      greater than 1.1 pg correlated with failure to respond to prednisone therapy.
      Incubation of normal serums with normal platelets did not increase surface IgG of
      such platelets, but the incubation with thrombocytopenic serums increased their
      surface IgG 0.5 to 100 times. The degree of increase did not predict response to
      treatment. However, quantitation of surface IgG of thrombocytopenic platelets was
      useful in predicting response to treatment.

PMID- 1078595
TI  - Letter: Antigens in hospitals.

PMID- 1078596
TI  - A community study of the relation of alpha1-antitrypsin levels to obstructive
      lung diseases.
AB  - Since it is still uncertain whether moderate degrees of alpha1-antitrypsin
      deficiency predispose to the development of lung disease, data obtained from a
      stratified random sample of white households in Tucson, Arizona, consisting of
      2586 subjects over five years of age, were analyzed. No relation was found
      between serum alpha1-antitrypsin levels, measured as trypsin inhibitory capacity,
      and ventilatory function, respiratory symptomatology, or frequency of diagnosed
      pulmonary diseases even among cigarette smokers. The data indicate that an
      intermediate level of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (i.e., inhibitory capacity
      between 20 and 62 per cent of the population's mean value) is not an important
      risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive lung diseases. The data
      militate strongly against the use of any quantitative determination of alpha1
      antitrypsin as a test to identify subjects with moderate deficiency for the
      purpose of predicting later development of chronic respiratory disorders. The
      rate of severe deficiency is so low as to make population screening for such
      subjects impractical.

PMID- 1078597
TI  - Letter: Management of osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 1078598
TI  - In vitro absorption and molecular weight of specific T-cell suppressor factor.

PMID- 1078599
TI  - Action potentials induced in slow muscle fibres by partial denervation.

PMID- 1078600
TI  - Birefringence experiments on isolated skeletal muscle fibres suggest a possible
      signal from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 1078601
TI  - The reversal of methotrexate toxicity by thymidine with maintenance of antitumour
      effects.

PMID- 1078602
TI  - Conductance of channels opened by acetylcholine-like drugs in muscle end-plate.

PMID- 1078603
TI  - Two biological activities regulating cell proliferation found in cultures of
      peritoneal exudate cells.

PMID- 1078604
TI  - Interdigitated repeated sequences in bovine satellite DNA.

PMID- 1078605
TI  - T-cell response to polyvinyl pyrrolidone is linked to maturity of B cells.

PMID- 1078606
TI  - Absence of age-resistance in neonatally thymectomised chickens as evidence for
      cell-mediated immune surveillance in Marek's disease.

PMID- 1078607
TI  - Partial purification and characterization of a lymphotoxic factor from multiple
      sclerosis serum.
AB  - A factor found in the serums of some patients with multiple sclerosis has been
      shown to have a toxic effect on the normal, mature lymphocyte. This lymphotoxic
      factor is a protein that is stable to heating at 56 degrees C for 3 hours. It is
      a nondialyzable material, with recovery of lymphotoxic activity following 30 days
      of dialysis. Elution of lymphotoxic serum through Sepadex G-100 demonstrates
      toxic activity closely associated with albumin. Purification by elution through
      DEAE-cellulose yielded lymphotoxic activity. The lymphotoxic factor was
      inactivated by standard ammonium sulfate precipitation. Analysis of the effect on
      distinctive cell types within the total lymphocyte population demonstrated that
      the T lymphocyte was particularly sensitive.

PMID- 1078608
TI  - Use of potassium sorbate for treatment of fungal infections.
AB  - One hundred and twenty-two cases of vaginal fungal infections treated with
      potassium sorbate are presented. A new method of follow-up home application by
      means of vaginal tampons is tried. Relief of symptoms is prompt, and yeast
      organism disappear; the safety and superior efficacy of a strengthened (3%)
      solution is established. Treatment of fungal infections in males is also
      discussed.

PMID- 1078609
TI  - [Abdominal apoplexy].

PMID- 1078610
TI  - American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Infectious Diseases. Ampicillin
      resistant strains of Hemophilus influenzae type B.

PMID- 1078611
TI  - Ampicillin-resistant Hemophilus influenzae type b: a status report.

PMID- 1078612
TI  - Meningitis due to an unusual type of Haemophilus influenzae.
AB  - An infant was admitted to hospital with suspected meningitis. Haemophilus
      influenzae type 'a' was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (C.S.F.) and blood.
      Haemophilus meningitis due to types other than type 'b' is rare, and only a few
      due to type 'a' have so far been recorded. Investigations of the family are
      included together with a discussion of the implications for the diagnostic
      bacteriologist.

PMID- 1078613
TI  - Immune deficiency syndromes.

PMID- 1078614
TI  - Unilateral ventricular obstruction due to infection.
AB  - A 14 year old male was hospitalized with pansinusitis complicated by intracranial
      spread of the infection. He developed a unilateral obstruction of the ventricular
      system of the foramen of Monro and a secondary mass effect revealed by
      radiological investigation.

PMID- 1078615
TI  - Poly (A) sequences of vaccinia virus messenger RNA: nature, mode of addition and
      function during translation in vitra and in vivo.

PMID- 1078616
TI  - [Correlation between trichomoniasis and cervix neoplasms in women].

PMID- 1078617
TI  - Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in a high-risk cardiac patient undergoing
      emergency gastrectomy.

PMID- 1078618
TI  - The use of hypnosis in hemophilia dental care.
AB  - The influence of emotional stress on the onset and control of bleeding episodes
      is a well-known fact. Oral surgical procedures are a common cause of severe
      states of anxiety in hemophiliacs. Anxiety has been shown to trigger and/or
      complicate an existing hemorrhagic episode in hemophiliacs. This is true in
      adults as well as children. Hypnosis, when applicable, has been found to be an
      excellent adjunct for the control of anxiety. It has been observed that in a
      relaxed and tranquil hemophiliac, his hemorrhagic tendency during and after
      surgery is considerably decreased. Induction to a hypnotic state depends on each
      individual's susceptibility, and therefore different approaches are used
      depending on the patient's knowledge of hypnosis. In addition to the control of
      fear, salivary secretions, pain, and capillary bleeding can well be brought under
      control during surgery and postoperatively by means of posthypnotic suggestions.
      Good oral hygiene habits such as daily brushing and flossing, so important as
      preventive measures for the prevention of caries and periodontal disease, can be
      reinforced through hypnotic suggestions. Preventive dentistry in hemophiliacs is
      of paramount importance.

PMID- 1078619
TI  - The therapeutic role of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) for dental extractions
      in hemophiliacs.
AB  - The results of a double-blind controlled trial, previously reported, showed that
      EACA is a useful adjunct to preoperative therapeutic concentrates of factor VIII
      or IX for dental extractions in hemophilia and Christmas disease. To estimate the
      amount of factor VIII and IX conserved in hemophiliacs receiving EACA for dental
      surgery compared with those not receiving EACA we have surveyed the usage of
      therapeutic materials in ten hemophilia centers in the U.S. and at Oxford. The
      amount of postoperative factor-VIII containing materials given to 20 U.S.
      hemophiliacs not receiving EACA averaged 11 062 units of factor-VIII activity per
      patient; 4,146 units for each of 22 U.S. patients receiving EACA; and 717 units
      for each of 56 patients at Oxford receiving EACA. Conservation of factor-IX
      containing material was not as great. At Oxford 62.5% of patients receiving
      preoperative factor-VIII or -IX concentrates sufficient to raise the deficient
      factor to 50% of normal together with EACA, 24 g per day for ten days, required
      no postoperative therapeutic materials to control bleeding. The remainder
      required an average of two postoperative doses to control bleeding.

PMID- 1078620
TI  - Reconstructive surgery in hemophilia.

PMID- 1078621
TI  - Theoretical approach to molecular biology of factor VIII: heterogeneity of the
      molecule.

PMID- 1078622
TI  - Factor VIII antibodies: immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 1078623
TI  - The effect of clotting on structure and function of human factor VIII.

PMID- 1078624
TI  - Recent advances in hemophilia. Part II. Genetics. Chairman's introductory
      remarks: Detection of the carrier state of classic hemophilia.

PMID- 1078625
TI  - Labyrinthitis ossificans due to chronic otitis media.
AB  - Histopathology of two cases of unilateral labyrinthitis ossificans in the
      presence of bilateral chronic suppurative otitis media is presented. In both
      cases, ossification and fibrosis were limited to the scala tympani of the lower
      basal turn, apparently due to inflammation entering through the round window
      membrane. The round window was occluded by new bone and fibrous tissue presumably
      resulting in a conductive hearing loss in addition to the conductive loss due to
      middle ear lesions. Degeneration of the hair cells of the organ of Corti was
      limited to the lower basal turn where ossification and fibrosis occurred.

PMID- 1078626
TI  - Benign small bowel tumor.
AB  - The clinical record and histologic sections of 84 cases of benign small bowel
      tumor are reviewed. Manifestations of systemic diseases, congenital anomalies,
      and lesions of either the ileocecal valve or periampullary region were excluded.
      In the same time span there were 96 small bowel malignancies. Clinical
      presentation, pathologic findings, management and result are compared to the
      collected published experience of about 2000 cases. There were 36 leiomyomas, 22
      lipomas, 9 angiomas, 6 neurofibromas and 4 fibromas. Thirty-six men and 48 women
      were affected; the majority in their fifth and sixth decade. Seventy-eight were
      operative and 6 autopsy diagnoses. The most common symptom was obstruction (42%)
      followed by hemorrhage (34%) and pain (22%), relative frequency differing for the
      various specific tumors. There were rarely significant physical findings. A
      diagnosis of small bowel tumor was made radiologically in 30 patients. Because of
      the nonspecificity of other signs and symptoms, an acute awareness of the
      possibility of small bowel tumor is mandatory for preoperative anticipation of
      the diagnosis. Local resection was performed in all with no deaths or significant
      postoperative complications.

PMID- 1078627
TI  - Studies on the transport and distribution of diaminopyrimidines in L5178Y
      lymphoblasts in cell culture.

PMID- 1078628
TI  - Frequency dependence of the frog skin impedance.
AB  - At frequencies between 20 Hz and 1 kHz the impedance locus of the isolated frog
      skin is circular; below 20 Hz the resistive component of the impedance is
      frequently greater than would be expected from extrapolation of the high
      frequency locus. At frequencies greater than twice the highest frequency at which
      there are deviations from the circular locus the variation of impedance Z with
      angular frequency omega is closely described by the equation Z equals r1 plus r
      o/[1 plus (j omega tau)1-alpha], where j is square root--1, r 1 and r 0 are
      resistances, tau is a time constant and alpha a constant in the range 0.02-0.14.

PMID- 1078629
TI  - [Detection of longitudinal electric currents in frog nerves].
AB  - The data on transversal potential difference (V-x) in the sciatic nerve of a frog
      under the influence of the magnetic field are presented. The amplitude of the
      registered signal has a linear rise with an increase of the magnetic field
      tension. (H), while a change of (H) direction leads to a change of polarity of
      the signal (V-x). The presence of (V-x) is connected with the existence of the
      longitudinal directed stream of the light charged particles in the nerve.

PMID- 1078630
TI  - Electro-optical property of extremely stretched skinned muscle fibers.
AB  - Skinned fibers of frog semitendinosus muscle could easily be stretched up to 8
      mum or more in sarcomere length. Such extremely stretched fibers gave quite sharp
      optical diffraction patterns. The intensities of all observable diffraction lines
      were found to increase on application of electric field (10 similar to 100 V/cm)
      parallel to the fiber axis, provided that there was no overlap between thin and
      thick filaments. By use of a polarizing microscope, it was concluded that I-bands
      were mainly responsible for this intensity increase. By application of square
      pulses, the time course of the intensity increase and decay was followed. The
      analysis based on a simple model suggests: (a) Each thin filament has a permanent
      dipole movement and the movement directs from Z-bands to the free end of the thin
      filament. (b) The flexural rigidity of thin filaments is estimated to be similar
      to 3 with 10-17 dyn with cm-2. The present fibers will provide various
      applications in physiochemical studies of in vivo thin and thick filaments.

PMID- 1078631
TI  - [Concentration of theta-plus-lymphocytes in the regional and distant lymph nodes
      C3H/Sn strain mice during development of primary methylcholanthrene sarcomas].

PMID- 1078632
TI  - Editorial: Long survival from acute leukaemia in childhood.

PMID- 1078633
TI  - Editorial: Small bowel tumours.

PMID- 1078634
TI  - Mixed connective tissue disease with digital gangrene.

PMID- 1078635
TI  - Letter: Impaired colour vision in diagnosis of digitalis intoxication.

PMID- 1078636
TI  - Successful thymus graft for T-cell deficiency in a 6-year-old boy.

PMID- 1078637
TI  - Serotonin-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity of immature rat brain.
AB  - Cell-free preparations from superior and inferior colliculi of very young rats (1
      3 days old) contained adenylate cyclase systems which were highly responsive to
      serotonin. The response to serotonin declined markedly during early development
      and was very low at maturity. Adenylate cyclase activity in the 10,000 times g
      particulate fraction from colliculi of newborn rats was significantly stimulated
      by 0.05 muM serotonin. Half-maximal activation was produced with less than 1 muM
      serotonin. Maximal stimulation of collicular adenylate cyclase was about 80%
      above basal enzyme activity and occurred with approximately 50 muM serotonin.
      Tryptamine and several derivatives of serotonin produced responses which were
      comparable to that obtained with serotonin; 5-methoxytryptamine was uniformly the
      most active compound tested. Norepinephrine or dopamine produced much smaller
      increases in adenylate cyclase activity. Stimulation of collicular adenylate
      cyclase by serotonin was significantly but incompletely blocked by serotonin
      antagonists, including d-lysergic acid diethylamide (d-LSD), 2-bromo-d-lysergic
      acid diethylamide, methysergide, 1-methyl-8 beta-carbobenzyloxy-aminomethyl-10
      alpha-ergoline and cyproheptadine. Chlorpromazine also produced partial blockade.
      In contrast, l-lysergic acid diethylamide, haloperidol, propranolol,
      phenoxybenzamine and morphine were ineffective as serotonin blocking agents. Of
      the compounds which produced a partial blockage of serotonin action, d-LSD,
      cyproheptadine and chlorpromazine were themselves capable of stimulating
      adenylate cyclase activity. These results are consisent with the existence of
      multiple receptors in rat brain which are capable of interacting with
      indoleamines.

PMID- 1078638
TI  - Further observations of Fc receptors in human malignant tissue and normal
      lymphoid tissue.
AB  - Twenty human malignant solid tumors of various histologic types were tested for
      the presence of Fc receptor using cryostat sections or single cell suspensions of
      fresh tissue. Sheep erythrocytes sensitized by various amounts of rabbit IgG
      antibodies served as indicator cells (EA). All tumors possessed Fc receptor, but
      to varying degrees; eight reacted more strongly than normal spleen without any
      relation to histologic type. The tumors which gave the strongest reactions in
      sections also formed the highest percent of EA rosettes in suspensions, thus
      indicating surface localization of receptors. The reactions with spleen sections
      localized to the B cell and monocytic areas; the latter also showed high avidity
      in reactions with uncomplexed IgG. Rabbit antisera to tumors, spleen, and
      peripheral lymphocytes (polyvalent ALS) in inhibited the reactions, while a T
      cell-specific ALS did not. Absorptions of the antisera with lymphocytes or tissue
      sediments of spleen and tumors removed the inhibiting activity, tissue sediments
      of muscle and kidney only reduced the titers. Again, results with spleen sections
      paralleled those obtained with tumor sections. Apparently, the tumor Fc receptor
      is very similar to the Fc receptors present in normal lymphoreticular tissues.

PMID- 1078639
TI  - The management of pulmonary metastases in children with osteogenic sarcoma with
      surgical resection combined with chemotherapy.
AB  - This report concerns a consecutive group of 10 children with metastatic
      osteogenic sarcoma treated with combined surgery and chemotherapy. Eight of 10
      patients had thoracotomy prior to chemotherapy, and 2 after an initial trial of
      chemotherapy. Sequential chemotherapy was given to all patients and consisted of
      vincristine, high-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue,
      cyclophosphamide, and Adriamycin. Chemotherapy was continuously recycled for 1
      year. The encouraging results obtained with these 10 patients are demonstrated
      with emphasis on the value of aggressive multidisciplinary therapy in salvaging
      patients with advanced metastatic osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 1078640
TI  - Combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy in the treatment of metastatic
      osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Fourteen patients with 16 metastatic ostogenic sarcoma lesions were treated with
      high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) with citrovorum factor rescue (CFR), adriamycin,
      and pulse high-dose cyclophosphamide combined with radiation therapy. Thirteen of
      16 lesions responded. Responses consisted of relief of pain (6/6 patients) in
      bone lesions, roentgenographic and clinical evidence of decrease in the size of
      the bone lesions (6/7 patients), and a decrease in the size of pulmonary
      metastases (2/4 patients). The 2 patients whose pulmonary metastases responded to
      combined therapy developed pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonitis in the treated
      areas 3 months after radiation therapy (RT) (1400 and 1600 rads respectively). Of
      two bulky primary tumors that appeared to respond, both were ultimately found to
      contain viable tumor; a third less bulky primary tumor appeared to respond more
      completely. Three smaller metastatic bone lesions that were ultimately biopsied
      showed no evidence of active tumor. It is concluded that: 1) combination therapy
      (particularly HDMTX and RT) has an additive effect in controlling osteogenic
      sarcoma bone lesions, but bulky primary tumors cannot be completely eradicated;
      2) although synergistic in treating osteogenic sarcoma, combination therapy can
      produce enhanced toxicity in surrounding normal lung tissue; and 3) combination
      therapy is of value in the palliative treatment of metastatic lesions other than
      that of lung, and in the treatment of small primary bone lesions. However,
      experience to date does not justify the delay in surgical ablation of a primary
      lesion in a child who presents without metastatic disease.

PMID- 1078641
TI  - Prolonged depression of cellular immunity in cured laryngopharyngeal cancer
      patients treated with radiation therapy.
AB  - Immune competence was evaluated in cured patients who had been treated by
      irradiation for carcinoma of the laryngopharynx, and compared with that of
      similar patients treated by surgery alone, and normal controls. Cellular immunity
      was determined by quantitation of in vitro phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced
      lymphocyte reactivity and peripheral blood thymus-dependent lymphocyte (T cell)
      levels. Humoral immunity was assessed by measurement of serum immunoglobulin
      levels and by the effect of serum on in vitro normal lymphocyte reactivity to
      PHA. In 21 patients who were studied for 4-23 years (mean 8.4) after surgical
      treatment alone for laryngopharyngeal carcinoma, neither cellular nor humoral
      immunity differed from that of 44 controls. In contrast, 14 patients who had been
      irradiated and subsequently cured for 4-15 years (mean 9.0) prior to evaluation
      displayed significantly impaired cellular immune competence when compared to
      normals and patients treated by surgery alone. Since previous determinations of
      the effects of radiation therapy have been in patients who received irratiation
      to the thymic region or large area of bone marrow, this study indicates that
      radiation therapy for cancer administered via portals that encompass a minimal
      area of the immune system may be associated with prolonged impairment of cellular
      immunity.

PMID- 1078642
TI  - The rationale for multiple drug chemotherapy in the treatment of osteogenic
      sarcoma.
AB  - Based on our prior experience in treating children with metastatic osteogenic
      sarcoma, a multidrug regimen was developed. Nine children with evaluable
      osteogenic sarcoma were treated with vincristine 1.5 mg/m2 on day 1, highdose
      methotrexate 200-300 mg/kg i.v. on day 2, with p.o. citrovorum factor "rescue" 9
      mg every 6 hours x 12, followed in 2 weeks by cyclophosphamide 40 mg/kg i.v.,
      then 2 weeks later Adriamycin 1.5 mg/kg/day x 2; in 2 weeks cyclophosphamide was
      repeated. After a 2-week rest, the 56-day cycle was repeated for a total period
      of 1 year. Oropharyngeal mucositis was the most frequent severe manifestation of
      gastrointestinal toxicity. Hematologic depression was mild to severe. Nine
      patients with clinically evaluable osteogenic sarcoma and no previous
      chemotherapeutic treatment were treated with this regimen. One patient had only a
      transient shrinkage in tumor mass, and one patient had no progression of multiple
      pulmonary and bone metastases for 16 months while on therapy. Of the remaining
      seven patients, all had clinically significant responses with tumor regression
      demonstrated for from 5 to 20+ months. Four of these patients (three presenting
      with primary tumor and pulmonary metastases) demonstrated regression of their
      primary tumor. In an attempt to increase the cure rate in osteogenic sarcoma,
      chemotherapy that has proven to be effective against metastatic osteogenic
      sarcoma should now be employed as prophylactic therapy, after amputation, at
      cancer treatment centers where it can be safely and effectively administered.

PMID- 1078643
TI  - Subpopulations of Guinea pig thymocytes. Different distribution patterns of
      alkaline phosphatase positive and negative autologous thymocytes.

PMID- 1078644
TI  - Effect of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection on anti-hapten IgE antibody
      response in the mouse. I. Induction of carrier specific helper cells.

PMID- 1078645
TI  - Mechanisms of antibody formation. I. Early in vivo proliferation of mouse spleen
      T cells as an initial step in antibody formation.

PMID- 1078646
TI  - The response of lymphocytes to H-2D and H-2K region antigens. I. Differential
      effect of cortisone acetate.

PMID- 1078647
TI  - [Aneurysm of the cerebellopontile angle].

PMID- 1078648
TI  - Letter: First and second versus second and third exercise tests.

PMID- 1078649
TI  - Some important pitfalls in the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis in
      children.
AB  - Some of the common errors and problems of the physician who cares for the child
      with bacterial meningitis are: 1) misdiagnosis; 2) inappropriate handling of
      cerebrospinal fluid; 3) inadequate assessment of therapeutic responses; 4)
      inappropriate drug therapy; 5) improper treatment of seizures; 6) inadequate care
      of increased intracranial pressure; 7) inappropriate evaluation of persistent
      fever; 8) inappropriate fluid therapy; 9) inadequate investigation of persistent 
      neurologic deficit; 10) overvigorous treatment of subdural effusion; 11)
      inadequate assessment of neurologic or psychologic impairment; and 12) inadequate
      consideration of possible underlying defects.

PMID- 1078650
TI  - Characterization of lymphocyte subpopulations in normal human lungs.

PMID- 1078651
TI  - Purification of human MM and ZZ alpha 1-antitrypsin.
AB  - Alpha -1-antitrypsin is the main protease inhibitor in human serum. Certain
      variants or phenotypes of this protein are associated with diseases of the liver
      and lung. The availability of purified alpha-1-antitrypsin of various phenotypes
      would be useful in studies exploring these associations. A two-step purification
      procedure is presented which involves affinity chromatography on isolubilized
      conconavalin A followed by preparative starch gel electrophoresis. This simple
      and rapid method has provided both MM and ZZ alpha-1-antitrypsin in highly pure
      and active form.

PMID- 1078652
TI  - [Ionic composition of labyrinth receptor cells and the surrounding medium].

PMID- 1078653
TI  - [Immunosuppressive therapy in pure red cell aplasia].
AB  - Acquired erythroblastic aplasia of adults is a rare disease characterised by the
      absence of red cell precursors in the bone marrow. In a 34-year-old female
      patient the disease has been known for seven years. A partial remission had at
      first been achieved with glucocorticoids but regular transfusions had been
      necessary since 1971. Treatment with cyclophosphamide produced a remission which
      has lasted for over twelve months up to now. Histology of the bone marrow biopsy
      shows the appearance of active erythropoiesis after cyclophosphamide treatment
      which reflects well the clinical course.

PMID- 1078654
TI  - [The effect of aneurysm resection on left ventricular function].
AB  - The effect of successful aortocoronary artery bypass surgery on left ventricular
      (LV) function was studied by angiography in 13 patients with coronary-artery
      disease and resection of a ventricular aneurysm. The following were calculated
      from single-plane right anterior oblique LV cine-angiograms: LV end-diastolic
      volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), ejection fraction (EF), percentage
      shortening of the medial perpendicular short axis (deltaM), mean velocity
      shortening of the circumferential fibres (VCF). The changes in the five hemi-axes
      of the anterior LV wall, and five of the inferior wall were averaged to give a
      value for relative anterior wall motion (SMV) and inferior wall motion (SMH).
      Changes in apical motion (SMS) were calculated from the percentage changes in the
      base-to-apex axis. The following mean values (x plus or minus s) were obtained
      four months before and 11 months after aneurysmectomy: EDVI (ml/m2) 154 plus or
      minus 27 (126 plus or minus 23), ESVI (ml/m2) 107 plus or minus 28 (56 plus or
      minus 15), SVI (ML/M2) 46.5 plus or minus 12.7 (69.9 plus or minus 23.1), EF (%)
      32.6 plus or minus 8.0 (54.6 plus or minus 12.0), SMV (%) 6.1 plus or minus 10.0
      (25.0 plus or minus 13.4), SMH (%) 25.9 plus or minus 13.1 (31.2 plus or minus
      11.1), SMS (%) 5.1 PLus or minus 3.4 (13.1 plus or minus 4.2). These results
      indicated significant improvement in ventricular pumping action and wall motion
      after aneurysm resection and aortacoronary bypass surgery in patients with
      coronary-artery disease and severe cardiac failure.

PMID- 1078655
TI  - Melanophore stimulating hormone (MSH) release: inhibition by cytochalasin B and
      "stimulation" by dimethyl sulfoxide.
AB  - Incubation of rat or frog pituitaries in cytochalasin B (10-4 minus 10-8 g/ml)
      for 2, 4 or 6 hr produces a time-dependent inhibition of MSH release. This
      inhibition is reversible and, again, time-dependent since longer incubations of
      pituitaries returned to normal media result in greater hormone secretion.
      Cytochalasin B inhibits MSH release even at a high concentration (10%) of
      dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) which, itself, is "stimulatory" to hormone release. MSH
      release in high DMSO concentration is also inhibited by ouabain or by the absence
      of Ca2+ from the medium. In amphibian Ringer enriched with glucose, and in Medium
      199, cytochalasin B fails to inhibit the release of MSH from the frog pituitary.
      Colchicine, vinblastine, and vincristine (10-3 minus 10-6 g/ml) were without
      effect on MSH release. These data suggest a possible role for microfilaments in
      the control of MSH release but fail to provide information on the exact nature of
      the mechanisms involved.

PMID- 1078656
TI  - A serum melatonin rhythm in chickens and its abolition by pinealectomy.
AB  - Melatonin, a suspected hormone of the pineal organ, was extracted from chicken
      serum and quantified by the Rana pipiens bioassay. When chickens were housed in
      an alternating light-dark photoperiod, serum melatonin was usually not detected
      during the light phase. Serum melatonin rose within 1 hr after the lights were
      extinguished, plateaued around midnight and fell before the lights were turned
      on. Serum melatonin was not detected at any time of day in pinealectomized
      chickens, suggesting that the pineal is neccessary for, and may be the source of,
      circulating melatonin.

PMID- 1078657
TI  - Influence of lithium chloride on adrenergic mechanisms in ventricle of frog heart
      and guinea-pig left atrium.

PMID- 1078658
TI  - Head movements mediated by halteres in the fly, Musca domestica.

PMID- 1078659
TI  - Effect of a specific dopaminergic blocking agent, pimozide, on hypothalamic
      corticotropin-releasing-factor activity in rats: clinical correlates.

PMID- 1078660
TI  - [An experimental study of the psychotropic action of pyrazidol].

PMID- 1078661
TI  - Endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding then and now. Changing concepts of
      bleeding sources.

PMID- 1078662
TI  - [State of the electrooculogram and the electrical activity of the cerebral cortex
      autotransport drivers under conditions of continuous registration at the time of
      motion of the vehicle].

PMID- 1078663
TI  - [Alpha-L-antitrypsin in blood serum. Biochemical characteristics, congenital
      deficienceies and biological functions].

PMID- 1078664
TI  - [Prolonged oliguria following premature separation of the placenta].

PMID- 1078665
TI  - [Emergency aortocoronary bypass in acute myocarial infarction].

PMID- 1078666
TI  - Relationships of fatigue and motion sickness to vestibulo-ocular responses to
      coriolis stimulation.

PMID- 1078667
TI  - The effect of cytochalasin B, colchicine and vinblastine on the adhesion of
      Trichomonas vaginalis to glass surfaces.

PMID- 1078668
TI  - Surgical therapy in acute ischemic syndromes.
AB  - Despite increasing enthusiasm about the treatment of symptomatic angina pectoris
      by direct revascularization surgery, there appropriately continues to be concern
      about the effects of such therapy. While it is generally accepted that surgery is
      effective in relieving anginal pain in upwards of 80% of patients undergoing
      aortocoronary bypass, reservations focus on the possibilities that such therapy
      may increase the incidence of infarction (postoperative), accelerate the
      atherosclerotic process, and shorten longevity, primarily because of the
      increased early operative mortality. While these contentions may or may not be
      true for the majority of patients who undergo such therapy, there is accumulating
      experience that in certain well-defined subsets, surgery does favorably affect
      the prognosis of the disease. Patients with preinfarction angina constitute one
      such subset of patients with coronary atherosclerosis. The all-inclusive surgical
      mortality for 106 consecutive cases was 3.8%, and 86% of the survivors are
      asymptomatic. Actuarial analysis of follow-up data reveals that this survival
      rate is essentially constant through the first 36 months after surgery. On the
      basis of this experience we feel that patients with preinfarction angina present
      a therapeutic opportunity in which the ideal goal of preventive medical care can
      be achieved by early identification, study and surgery.

PMID- 1078669
TI  - Revascularization via healthy myocardial arteriolar networks compared with that
      through diseased surface coronary arteries.
AB  - Myocardial mammary artery implants revascularize via the undiseased coronary
      microcirculation. Such implants, followed for up to 20 years, showed no
      atherosclerosis, while the coronary arteries of the patients became totally
      occluded. Implant patency with collateralization was 80%; some patients were
      living entirely on blood supplied by mammary implants. Operative mortality was
      2%. There was improvement in anginal pain in 85% of the cases and in left
      ventricular failure, in 67%. Studies of 43 patients with single implants,
      followed for up to 20 years, showed that 54% survived for an average of eight
      years and 46% have survived for an average of 12 years, and are still living.
      Double-ventricular implants in 42 patients with triple coronary artery disease
      showed that 90.5% survived for an average of five years, compared with 53% for
      medically treated patients. The technique of mammary implants is described and
      the procedure is compared to aortocoronary bypass grafts.

PMID- 1078670
TI  - Kinetic studies on the phosphorolysis of polynucleotides by polynucleotide
      phosphorylase.
AB  - The kinetics of the phosphorolysis of polynucleotide (as differentiated from
      oligonucleotide) by polynucleotide phosphorylase of Micrococcus luteus has been
      investigated. Double reciprocal plots of initial velocity against either
      inorganic phosphate or polynucleotide concentration are linear, and furthermore,
      the affinity of the enzyme for either substrate is unaffected by the presence of
      the other. dADP, an analogue of ADP product, is a competitive inhibitor with
      respect to Pi and polynucleotidy. (Ap)tA-cyclic-p is a competitive inhibitor with
      respect to Pi. The results are almost identical with both primer-independent
      (Form-I) and primer-dependent (Form-T) enzymes, although the various kinetic
      constants differ. On the vasis of these data a rapid equilibrium random Bi Bi
      mechanism is proposed. The demonstration of two different inhibitor constants for
      dADP and the difference between the Michaelis and the inhibitor constant for
      polyadenylic acid in polynucleotide phosphorolysis indicate at least two binding
      sites for polyadenylic acid and dADP on M. luteus polynucleotide phosphorylase.
      Its is suggested that in the phosphorolysis of long chain polymers the second
      binding site permits the polynucleotide to snap right back into position after
      removal of I mononucleotide unit and thus leads to the observed processive
      degradation. A general discussion of oligonucleotide and polynucleotide
      phosphorolysis and the differences between Form-I and Form-T enzymes in de novo
      synthesis and degradation of polynucleotides is presented.

PMID- 1078671
TI  - Distribution of microtubules and microfilaments in developing vestibular sensory
      epithelium of mouse otocysts grown in vitro.
AB  - Otocysts explanted from 12th-gestation-day mice and maintained in organ culture
      under went a series of developmental changes which paralleled those that occurred
      in vivo and which resulted in the formation of a sensory epithelium of the
      vestibular type. At the time of explantation presumptive vestibular sensory
      epithelium consisted of cells that were undifferentiated, pseudostratified and
      rapidly proliferating. The only microtubules present were those of the mitotic
      apparatus. After 4 days of in vitro development cells comprising the presumptive
      vestibular sensory epithelium were less pseudostratified and more elongate; their
      nuclei had assumed a basal orientation and there was a clear maginal velum.
      Longitudinally oriented cytoplasmic microtubules were present at the apices of
      some cells; they were often grouped around a centriole which may have served as a
      nucleation centre for their assembly. After 7 days of in vitro development
      mitosis had ceased and supporting cells had innervated hair cells were present:
      both types of cells were always longer than they were broad and were often highly
      asymmetrical. Hair cells were flask- or columnar-shaped, with a nucleus situated
      in the basal third of the cell. Most mitochondria in hair cells were located in
      the apical third of the cell. The same distribution of mitochondria and nuclei
      was evident in supporting cells. Microtubules occurred throughout the length of
      the supporting cell and were always parallel to its longitudinal axis. In hair
      cells microtubules were more frequent than in supporting cells: the majority were
      parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell but there were two exceptions.
      First, at the apex of hair cells some microtubules were oriented transversely and
      diagnonally: these were probably involved in the development and maintenance of
      the constricted apex of these cells. Secondly, microtubules appeared to be
      randomly arranged in the narrow region of the cytoplasm between the ventral
      surface of the nucleus and the base of the hair cells. Microfilaments were
      confined to the basal third of hair cells where their orientation paralleled that
      of microtubules. The possible functions of microtubules and microfilaments in the
      development of hair cells and supporting cells of the mouse vestibular epithelium
      are discussed.

PMID- 1078672
TI  - A scanning electron microscopic study of the morphology and geometry of neural
      surfaces and structures associated with the vestibular apparatus of the pigeon.
AB  - The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to investigate the morphology of
      the neuroepithelial regions of the vestibular ampullary structures in 47 White
      King pigeons. The specific neural surfaces studied were (1) the cristae
      ampullares of the vertical and lateral membranous ampullae, (2) the hair cells
      lining the cristae, (3) the ampullary nerve fibers, and (4) the bipolar cells of
      the vestibular (Scarpa's) ganglion. Additionally, some observations of the gross
      anatomical structures of the bony labyrinth are given. Arguments are advanced
      which show that if the surface area of a given semicircular canal can be
      projected onto one of the three normal head planes, then that canal can be made
      to respond to motion in the appropriate plane, provided that the projected area
      is sufficiently large to achieve a threshold pressure as determined by a
      generalized form of Groen's equation ('57). With regard to the cristae
      ampullares, it is hypothesized that their surface areas can be described by means
      of a revolved catenary, i.e., a catenoid of revolution. (The catenary is found in
      nature as the approximate shape taken by a flexible cable when it is suspended at
      two points). The surface area of a catenoid provides a minimum surface of
      revolution. In the context of a crista, this implies that the given number of
      hair cells could not be fitted onto a smaller surface area. One advantage of this
      is that nature is able to utilize a thinner cupula than would be possible with
      other configurations and therefore an increased sensitivity to cupular motion can
      be realized. A second important factor is that all hair cells must revolve (by
      way of cupular motion) about the same centre of rotation in response to angular
      acceleration. Thus, all of the orthogonally-positioned hair cell tufts on the
      cristae surface may be stimulated simultaneously by way of a tangential shear.
      Other arguments show that the classical "swing door" type of cupular motion is
      not consistent with SEM and other recent observations. Two alternate modes of
      cupular motion are presented, each of which requires far less energy expenditure
      than does the "swing door" cupula. The suggestion is then made that, during
      normal head movements, the cupula behaves as a drum much like the tympanic
      membrane and that only for large, non-physiological motions does the "swinging
      door" mode of cupular motion take place. It must be remembered, however, that
      cupular motions during normal physiological head movements are infinitesimally
      small (Oman and Young, '72).

PMID- 1078673
TI  - Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: report of case.
AB  - A patient with classic symptoms of blood dyscrasia, specifically idiopathic
      thrombocytopenic purpura, failed to receive laboratory tests because the
      condition had gone undetected by a dentist and a physician. However, after the
      patient was given a provisional diagnosis supported by laboratory test results,
      one of the general treatment procedures for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
      that consisted of a regimen of corticosteroids was instituted and was proved
      successful. More radical procedures, such as transfusions of fresh whole blood or
      of fresh platelets, or a splenectomy, were unnecessary. The responsibility of a
      dentist to detect oral changes that are not of dental origin is emphasized.

PMID- 1078674
TI  - Serious postextraction hemorrhage into the submandibular space: report of case.
AB  - A 47-year-old woman had a swelling in the floor of the mouth and in the
      submandibular area on the left side. About four hours earlier, a dentist had
      extracted the mandibular left second premolar and first molar. The rate and
      degree of the distension were alarming; the floor of the mouth was at a level
      with the incisal edges of the mandibular incisors. Five hours later, the floor of
      the mouth was elevated about 1 1/2 cm above the incisal edges of the teeth.
      Treatment of the patient and her unusual sensitivity to meperidine and
      promethazine that caused a depression into Cheyne-Stokes respiration and
      hypotension are described.

PMID- 1078675
TI  - Spontaneous and methylcholanthrene-enhanced thyroiditis in BUF rats. I. The
      incidence and severity of the disease, and the genetics of susceptibility.
AB  - Virgin female Buffalo strain (BUF) rats that were treated with methylcholanthrene
      (MC) had a higher incidence of lymphocytic thyroiditis than untreated BUF rats.
      The degree of infiltration was also greater in MC-treated rats. The incidence of
      thyroiditis in retired breeder female BUF rats approached that found in MC
      treated rats. The susceptibility to the effect of MC was not expressed in most F
      1 hybrids of BUF and Lewis (LEW), a strain of rat that does not develop
      thyroiditis after treatment with MC.

PMID- 1078676
TI  - Relation of DNA synthesis and suppression to development of memory by T cells.
AB  - Parental thymocytes, inoculated into lethally irradiated F-1 mice, synthesize DNA
      in response to the histocompatibility antigens of the reciprocal parent in the F
      1 cross. The DNA synthetic response is characterized by 1 to 3 day latent period
      and a 1-to-2-day period of peak activity which is followed by a sharp decline.
      Cells transferred to secondary recipients at the time of peak activity in the
      primary hosts respond only minimally in the spleens of the secondary hosts. Cells
      transferred 1 day later, when DNA synthetic activity in the primary hosts is
      sharply curtailed, exhibit striking secondary responsiveness. Thus, the decline
      in activity in the primary host is not due to the loss of potentially reactive
      cells from the spleens. It seems more likely that the preceding response creates
      a suppressive milieu in the primary host. The inability to transfer significant
      secondary responsiveness with cells harvested at the time of peak activity in
      primary hosts suggests that the acquistion of memory by these cells requires more
      than their colonal expansion. The occurrence of an additional differentiational
      event is suggested by the correlation of a marked increase in memory with the
      sharp cessation of the primary DNA synthetic response.

PMID- 1078677
TI  - Capacity of sensitized thymus-derived lymphocytes to induce fatal lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis is restricted by the H-2 gene complex.
AB  - Adoptive immunization of syngeneic, immunosuppressed recipients infected with
      lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus causes fatal neurologic disease within 2
      to 4 days of cell transfer, providing that donors are sampled when the in vitro
      51-Cr release assay shows maximal specific activity of sensitized thymus-derived
      lymphocytes (T cells). Prior treatment of immune spleen cells with AKR anti
      omicron ascitic fluid and complement causes total abrogation of this in vivo
      activity. Fatal neurologic disease is induced only when donor and recipient share
      at least one set of H-2 antigenic specificities. Parent yields F1 and F1 yields
      parent combinations are as effective as syngeneic systems, but mice given
      allogeneic immune cells survive as long as controlsmdifferences at the M-locus in
      H-2 compatible mice do not inhibit effector activity. Homing of transferred
      lymphocytes to spleen is similar in syngeneic or allogeneic recipients, but only
      syngeneic immune cells cross the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier and
      cause choriomeningitis. Fatal LCM, is, therefore, apparently induced by a
      specifically sensitized omicron-bearing cell population, activity of which is
      restricted by the H-2 gene complex.

PMID- 1078678
TI  - The selective action of poly A:U on the electrophoretic mobility and surface
      charge of a subpopulation of B cells.
AB  - Electrophoretic mobility (E.P.M.) of lymphoid cells has been determined in three
      species. In chicks, the E.P.M. of bursa cells was 0.47 plus or minus 0.07 and of
      thymocytes 0.64 plus or minus 0.10 mum/sec/volt/cm. On the basis of the E.P.M.
      profile of the Ficoll gradient purified lymphocytes from the rat spleen, two
      populations of cells present in the proportion of 65 and 35% were identifiable.
      The former had a mobility of 1.06 plus or minus 0.08 and the latter 1.24 plus or
      minus 0.09. The E.P.M. of lymphocytes prepared from athymic nude mice was 0.86
      plus or minus 0.06 with a Gaussian distribution profile. On incubation of these
      cells with poly adenylate-poly uridylate (poly A:U) for 30 min at 38 degrees C
      followed by extensive washings, the E.P.M. of thymocytes from the chick and rat
      as well as the thymus-derived cells in rat spleen remained essentially unchanged.
      On the other hand, poly A:U increased the E.P.M. of avian bursa cells and of a
      subpopulation of B cells in rat spleen and of splenocytes from nude mice. The
      proportion of cells markedly affected by poly A:U was 70 to 83% of the total B
      cells in these species.

PMID- 1078679
TI  - Relationship of cloning inhibition factor, "lymphotoxin" factor, and
      proliferation inhibition factor release in vitro by mitogen-activated human
      lymphoctes.
AB  - Human lymphocytes were stimulated in vitro with mitogens, phytohemagglutinin and
      concanavalin A to secrete proliferation inhibitory factor (PIF), cloning
      inhibitory factor (CIF), and lymphotoxin (LT). These three activities were
      demonstrable in the same supernatant, moreover, the particular effect observed
      was shown to depend on the concentration of the medium and the type of target
      cell employed. In general, the medium effects on target cells were: a) cytotoxic
      at high concentrations, b) growth inhibitory at intermediate concentrations, and
      c) only temporarily growth inhibitory at low concentrations. The absolute
      concentration producing a certain effect varied, depending on the target cell
      type employed. In addition, the sensitivity of the target cells to LT parallels
      the sensitivity of the cell to each of the other activities, PIF and CIF, and no
      species specificity was observed.

PMID- 1078680
TI  - Anti-Ig-triggered movements of lymphocytes-specificity and lack of evidence for
      directional migration.
AB  - Interaction of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies with the surface Ig of B
      lymphocytes leads to capping and endocytosis of the immune complexes and to a
      brief stimulation of translational motility. Lymphocytes are not stimulated to
      move by interaction with other ligands, such as antibodies to the theta
      isoantigen, to H2 determinants, or to determinants recognized by heterologous
      anti-lymphocyte antibodies. Furthermore, anti-lymphocyte antibodies block the
      motility produced by anti-Ig. This effect was not seen in cells treated with
      colchicine, suggesting that the anti-lymphocyte effect may be associated with
      hyperstabilization of microtubules. Finally, we report on preliminary experiments
      using chemotactic chambers which show that anti-Ig stimulates random but not
      directional movement.

PMID- 1078681
TI  - Ly-4.2: a cell membrane alloantigen of murine B lymphocytes. I. Population
      studies.
AB  - The Ly-4 locus defines an alloantigenic specificity present on the surface of
      lymphocytes of some mouse strains and detected in lymphocytotoxicity tests by an
      antiserum (BALB/c times SWR)F1 anti-B10.D2. In this paper are presented results
      which indicate that Ly-4.2 is predominantly represented on B cells and not T
      cells. In cytotoxicity tests with rabbit complement, the distribution of Ly-4.2
      is restricted: thymus 5%, TDL 12%, spleen 60%, lymph node 30%, bone marrow 36%,
      Peyer's patches 55%, peritoneal exudate cells 35%, and peripheral lymphocytes
      35%. This distribution is the reciprocal of that obtained with anti-Thy-1
      antiserum. Further, when both reagents were used together, almost all cells in
      these tissues were lysed, excepting those with bone marrow. When anti-Ly-4.2 and
      anti-Thy-1.2 were used sequentially, it was apparent that these specificities
      were present on different cell populations. As Thy-1 is a marker for T cells, Ly
      4 is therefore, presumably, a marker for B cells. This conclusion was confirmed
      by testing mice depleted of T cells ("nude"; thymectomy + anti-lymphocyte serum
      treatment; thymectomy, irradiation + reconstitution with bone marrow) where the
      majority of lymphocytes were Ly-4.2+, Thy-1.2-; and by testing tumors, where, for
      the most part, this reciprocal relationship held true. Appropriate studies
      indicate that the Ly-4.2 antibody does not detect a surface immunoglobulin
      allotype. Anti-Ly-4.2 anti-serum may provide a useful alloantigenic marker
      distinct from immunoglobulin, mouse-specific bone marrow-derived lymphocyte
      anti;en, and "beta" for detecting some or all, B cells.

PMID- 1078682
TI  - Rabbit lymphocyte populations responding to haptenic and carrier determinants for
      DNA synthesis.
AB  - Mesenteric lymph node cells from rabbits primed with dinitrophenyl derivative of
      either Ascaris extract (DNP-Asc) or ragweed fraction D (DNP-Rag) were stimulated
      by the priming antigen, free homologous carrier, or with the hapten conjugated
      with rabbit serum albumin (DNP-RSA), and increase in DNA synthesis was observed
      by 3H-thymidine incorporation. The results showed that both free carrier and DNP
      RSA stimulated DNA synthesis. The response of the primed lymph node cells to DNP
      homologous conjugate was slightly higher than that to free carrier, but the
      optimal concentration of both antigens for maximal thymidine incorporation was 10
      to 100 mug/ml. This concentration was about 100 times higher than the optimal
      concentration of the same antigens for maximal antibody response in vitro. The
      DNA synthetic response to DNP-RSA was much less than that obtained by free
      carrier, and the optimal concentration of DNP-RSA for the response was comparable
      to the concentration of DNP-homologous carrier conjugate to induce maximum anti
      DNP antibody response. The relative importance of immunoglobulin bearing (B)
      cells and T cells in the DNA synthetic responses was assessed by fractionating
      lymph node cells with antigen-coated or anti-immunoglobulin coated  cellular
      immunosorbent. The results indicated that hapten-specific, immunoglobulin-bearing
      cells (B cells) are responsible for the DNA-synthetic response to DNP-RSA,
      whereas B cells play a minimal role in the response to free carrier.

PMID- 1078683
TI  - Factors affecting the geographic distribution.

PMID- 1078684
TI  - Medical treatment facility liability for patient suicide and other self-injury.

PMID- 1078686
TI  - Pension reform benefits professionals too.

PMID- 1078685
TI  - Legal aspects of sexual therapies.

PMID- 1078687
TI  - Editorial: Will pediatrics lose its cherished status?

PMID- 1078688
TI  - Emerging trends in the physician's duty to disclose: an update of Canterbury v.
      Spence.

PMID- 1078689
TI  - Beware travel agents bearing deductions.

PMID- 1078690
TI  - The up and coming theory of abandonment.

PMID- 1078692
TI  - Insurance crisis: availability to physicians in jeopardy.

PMID- 1078691
TI  - Medicolegal aspects of diabetes.

PMID- 1078693
TI  - Consent to sterilization: are we creating new problems?

PMID- 1078694
TI  - Letter: HMO hope?

PMID- 1078695
TI  - Letter: psychiatry's state.

PMID- 1078696
TI  - Competition between concanavalin A-induced stimulatory and inhibitory effects in
      the in vitro immune response to antigen.
AB  - The humoral response of nude spleen cells (b cells) to sheep erythrocytes was
      measured in the presence of varying numbers of concanavalin A (ConA)-acvated
      stimulatory spleen T cells (helper) and Con A-activated inhibitory spleen T cells
      (suppressor) from BDF1 mice. It was found that suppressive effects could be
      reversed by the presence of additional numbers of stimulatory cells. These
      results seem incompatible with the hypothesis that suppression is mediated by
      supraoptimal numbers of stimulatory cells and provides additional evidence that
      separate populations of T cells mediate stimulation and suppression.

PMID- 1078697
TI  - Corneal thickness measured by interferometry.
AB  - An optical method for measuring the thickness of transparent structures has been
      developed, and has been used to measure, in vivo, the thickness of the human
      cornea. The thickness is measured by placing the anterior surface of the cornea
      at the focus of a beam of coherent laser light and then measuring the spacing
      between the interference fringes generated by the reflected light. The thickness
      is then calculated from the fringe spacing. The method has been used to measure
      corneal thickness in frog and human corneas. These measurements have been
      correlated with histologic and pachometer measurements of corneal thickness. A
      significant capability of this technique is to measure the thickness of optically
      opaque corneas.

PMID- 1078698
TI  - Arteriovenous malformation of the colon, a source of massive low intestinal
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 1078699
TI  - Runt syndrome induced in the rat by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid.
AB  - Polyinosinic with polycytidylic acid (poly l with poly C), a double-stranded
      synthetic RNA, produced in newborn rats a runt syndrome characterized by
      mortality and retarded growth rates of the total body, thymus, and kidneys. In
      contrast, it induced a hyperplasia in the epidermis and in the spleen. Within 10
      days of treatment, the epidermis became 2 or 3 times thicker and the spleen mass
      was increased by 50%. The epidermal hyperplasia involved all layers, but hair
      follicles were excluded. Splenic hyperplasia did not result from accelerated
      erythropoiesis. Double-stranded RNA was required; single-stranded homopolymers
      were ineffective. Theophylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, did not potentiate
      the effects. The uptake of iododeoxyuridine-125 was not enhanced in the
      hyperplastic epidermis or spleen. Thus we concluded that poly l with poly C can
      retard the growth of some organs in newborn rats, but that it causes epidermis
      and spleen to accumulate cells. The cytokinetic mechanisms involved in these
      contrasting effects were not clear.

PMID- 1078700
TI  - Tumor induction by Moloney sarcoma virus in athymic nude mice.
AB  - Athymic nude (nu/nu) mice, normal NMRI (plus/plus) mice, and nu/plus
      heterozygotes, inoculated at birth with the Moloney strain of murine sarcoma
      virus (M-MSV), did not differ either in tumor growth rate or incidence or in
      mortality due to tumor development; neither did nude (nu/nu) and normal NMRI mice
      inoculated with M-MSV at 30 days of age differ in the initial tumor growth rate.
      However, tumors induced in adult nude mice grew progressively and eventually
      killed the hosts, whereas tumors induced in adult normal NMRI mice completely
      regressed. These results indicated that thymus-dependent immunity, though not
      active in M-MSV tumor induction, determined whether the tumor, once formed, would
      regress or kill the host.

PMID- 1078701
TI  - Laser-induced hemostasis in the canine stomach. Use of a flexible fiberoptic
      delivery system.
AB  - A flexible fiberoptic system has been used to deliver visible laser light into
      the upper gastrointestinal tract to arrest bleeding from various induced lesions.
      This procedure has achieved hemostasis at bleeding sites in the gastrointestinal
      tract of animals and suggests that bleeding lesions in the heman may be treated
      similarly without resort to surgical intervention or intensive medical
      management.

PMID- 1078702
TI  - Antitrypsin phenotypes in St. Louis.
AB  - Antitrypsin phenotypes were determined from 2,285 donors at the Barnes Hospital
      Blood Bank in St. Louis . Results resembled those obtained from Central
      Europeans: there were fewer proteinase inhibitor (Pi) Z alleles in St. Louis than
      in Scandinavian test groups. Interestingly, major antifrypsin variants occurred
      only 40% as frequently in black as in the balance of the study group.

PMID- 1078703
TI  - Editorial: No statistical refuge for the alpha1 antitrypsin-deficient smoker.

PMID- 1078704
TI  - [Profuse intestinal hemorrhage in tumors of the small intestine].

PMID- 1078705
TI  - [Effect of acceleration on the sugar content of rabbit cerebrospinal fluid].
AB  - The sugar content in the liquor of rabbits exposed to accelerations ranging from
      several minutes to several hours was studied. The animals were accelerated at 3 g
      in a centrifuge with a radius of 55 cm and a velocity of 70 rpm, in the Khilov's
      swing and in a rotating device simulating angular accelerations. The liquor was
      sampled by the suboccipital puncture and the sugar content was measured according
      to Hagedorn-Jensen. A statistically significant increase in the sugar content was
      noted after every exposure to accelerations of alternating signs than with
      accelerations of a constant value. The experiments on labyrinth-ectomized animals
      showed a certain effect of the vestibular analyzer on the carbohydrate
      metabolism. However, when the equilibrium function reached compensation, the
      sugar content in the liquor returned to the pretest level. Therefore, this
      reaction involves not only the vestibular system but also the optic, proprio- and
      interoceptive afferent systems. A comparison of the intracysternal and
      intramuscular injections of epinephrine points to the central (in contrast to the
      hematogenic) nature of an increase in the sugar content during the first minutes
      of acceleration. The electric stimulation of the anterior and posterior
      hypothalamus by means of implanted electrodes produced the same elevation of the
      liquor sugar as accelerations. It can be postulated that afferent impulses from
      the analyzer systems reach the hypothalamic centers, thus exciting the autonomic
      system and, first of all, the sympathic system.

PMID- 1078706
TI  - [Effect of vestibular and propioceptive stimuli on spinal cord neuron reactions].

PMID- 1078707
TI  - Open-heart surgery in von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - The case is presented of a hemophilia carrier, also affected by von Willebrand's
      disease, who underwent aortic valve replacement. The clinical and laboratory
      findings of von Willebrand's disease (prolonged bleeding time, low factor VIII,
      and abnormal platelet activity) are discussed, and a protocol for management of
      patients with low factor VIII levels (such as hemophilia carriers and subjects
      with hemophilia A or von Willebrand's disease) undergoing open-heart surgery is
      proposed. Our case proves that corrective cardiac surgery in similar
      circumstances is feasible so long as adequate levels of factor VIII are
      maintained.

PMID- 1078708
TI  - Results of direct coronary artery surgery in women.
AB  - In the past 4 years, among 260 patients receiving coronary bypass grafts for
      coronary artery disease and stable angina pectoris, there were 34 women (13 per
      cent). The operative mortality rate for women was 8 per cent (3 of 34), and one
      late death due to myocardial infarction occurred in spite of a patent coronary
      bypass graft. The intraoperative infarction rate was 20 per cent (6 per cent in
      men). Although preoperative cardiac pump and muscle function parameters were
      better in women than in men (p less than 0.05), postoperatively only 30 per cent
      of women showed improvement in function as compared with 50 per cent of men. At 6
      to 46 months' follow-up, 84 per cent of women were free of angina in contrast
      with 94 per cent of men. The early (4 month) graft patency rate was 50 per cent
      (14 of 27 grafts), as opposed to 80 per cent (20 of 25 grafts) in men. These
      results indicate that, although coronary artery disease shows anatomic similarity
      in women and men, the result of coronary revascularization in women is inferior
      to that in the male population.

PMID- 1078709
TI  - Survival and function after left ventricular aneurysmectomy.
AB  - Operative and late postoperative results in 55 patients undergoing resection of a
      discrete, saccular type left ventricular aneurysm are described. All patients had
      occlusive lesions of either the left anterior descending or left main coronary
      artery, and 72 per cent had significant multivessel disease. Preoperative factors
      that correlated significantly with decreased long-term survival were age greater
      than 60 years, severe congestive heart failure, and subnormal cardiac output at
      rest. The primary determinant of long-term postoperative survival appears to be
      the functional state of residual myocardium after aneurysmectomy. The survival
      rate for patients with multivessel disease was not less than that of patients
      with isolated lesions of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The impact
      of simultaneous aorto-coronary bypass grafting on postoperative results in
      patients with multivessel coronary disease is discussed. An advantage to
      concomitant revascularization with aneurysmectomy cannot be statistically
      corroborated in this series. However, improvement in results since the routine
      application of bypass grafting in appropriate cases, the uniform operative
      survival of bypassed patients with triple vessel disease, and the relatively high
      frequency of myocardial infarction as a cause of late postoperative death suggest
      that bypass grafting in patients with multivessel disease should be combined with
      aneurysmectomy to maximally improve long-term prognosis.

PMID- 1078710
TI  - Hematology mediquiz case 7. What's your diagnosis?

PMID- 1078711
TI  - Surgical treatment for stable angina pectoris. Prospective randomized study.
AB  - To evaluate the role of coronary bypass treatment of stable angina, 72 patients
      were randomly divided into surgical and medical groups. They were followed with
      treadmill tests and repeat catheterization. Anginal symptoms decreased or
      disappeared in 89 per cent of those operated on and 65 per cent of those not
      operated on, but more of the former than of the latter became asymptomatic: 69
      vs. 11 per cent respectively (p smaller than 0.01). Exercise tolerance time
      improved significantly (p smaller than 0.001) in both groups, but more in the
      group operated on, plus 78 per cent vs. plus 48 per cent, p smaller than 0.05.
      During a 28-month follow-up period, fewer cardiac complications occurred in the
      patients operated on--14 vs. 34 (p smaller than 0.02). Mortality was 9 per cent
      in the patients operated on and 14 per cent in those not operated on; this
      difference is not significant. The results indicate that improvement, though
      demonstrable in both groups, is greater with surgery, and quality of life during
      the first 28 months is better in patients who are operated on.

PMID- 1078712
TI  - Editorial: Terminal transferase and leukemia.

PMID- 1078713
TI  - Clinical importance of lymphoblasts with T markers in childhood acute leukemia.
AB  - Of 48 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia 11 had blast cells with receptors
      for sheep erythrocytes in their initial bone-marrow aspirates and 37 did not. A
      comparison of selected clinical features indicated striking differences between
      the two groups. Leukemia with the receptors was associated with a high proportion
      of older children, predominantly boys, a thymic mass, and a high white-cell count
      at diagnosis. In contrast, the 37 children with leukemia without the receptors
      were generally less than five years of age, with a nearly equal distribution of
      boys and girls; all but one had normal chest roentgenograms, and only one had a
      white-cell count greater than 100,000. Thus, the presence or absence of
      lymphoblasts with sheep erythrocyte receptors--a T-cell marker--distinguishes two
      forms of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia, each with a distinct distribution
      of age and sex as well as other characteristic clinical features.

PMID- 1078714
TI  - New approaches to cancer chemotherapy with methotrexate.

PMID- 1078715
TI  - Abnormal spontaneous rosette formation and rosette inhibition in lung carcinoma.
AB  - Fifty-five children with CID and known ADA status were studies at a workshop held
      in Albany, New York. Erythrocyte ADA determinations were performed in 22 of the
      55 patients, 13 of whom were ADA negative. The ADA defect appears to be
      transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. Some patients with CID and ADA
      deficiency have characteristic radiologic abnormalities of the skeleton, which
      are not found in other illnesses. The thymus glands of all patients with CID and
      ADA deficiency who could be examined have evidence of thymic involution
      manifested by presence of Hassall's corpuscles and differentiated germinal
      epithelium; this is in contrast to "classic" thymus findings in CID with normal
      ADA. Adenosine deaminase probably plays an important, although as yet undefined,
      role in lymphocyte development and/or function. The deficiency of ADA in CID is
      the first enzyme defect observed in a deficiency disease of specific immunity.

PMID- 1078716
TI  - Editorial: T-rosette forming cells, cellular immunity and cancer.

PMID- 1078717
TI  - Induction of DNA synthesis in rat macrophages in vitro by inflammatory exudate.

PMID- 1078718
TI  - Effects of 'calcium ionophore' X537A on frog skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1078719
TI  - Genes required for cytotoxicity against virus-infected target cells in K and D
      regions of H-2 complex.

PMID- 1078720
TI  - Therapy of intention myoclonus with L-5-hydroxytryptophan and a peripheral
      decarboxylase inhibitor, MK 486.
AB  - Three patients with postanoxic intention myoclonus, two patients with intention
      tremor, and one patient with cerebral palsy were administered L-5
      hydroxytryptophan (L-5HTP), the precursor of serotonin, in combination with MK
      486, a peripheral amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor. L-5HTP combined with MK 486
      were potent long-term therapeutic agents for postanoxic intention myoclonus, but
      had no effect on intention tremor or cerebral palsy. These drugs were well
      tolerated by the patients, and more effective than any other known therapy for
      intention myoclonus. Cerebrospinal fluid concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic
      acid, the main catabolite of serotonin, appeared low in two patients with
      intention myoclonus and increased markedly during drug therapy. Postanoxic
      intention myoclonus may be causally related to a deficiency of brain serotonin.

PMID- 1078721
TI  - Vestibulo-ocular function in patients with cerebellar atrophy.
AB  - Eye movement abnormalities were quantiatively assessed in four patients with
      clinically pure cerebellar atrophy (group A), six patients with brainstem plus
      cerebellar atrophy (group B), and five patients with Friedreich's ataxia (group
      C). Twelve patients had one or more types of spontaneous nystagmus; eight gaze
      nystagmus, three rebound nystagmus, wo positional nystagmus, and one vestibular
      nystagmus. Catoric-induced and rotatory-induced nystagmus was hyperactive in
      group A and diminished in group C. Group B had mixed responses. All patients
      demonstrated significant fixation instability and impaired smooth pursuit. There
      was dysmetria of voluntary saccades, with flutter and "rebound" saccades. Nine of
      15 patients had significant slowing of induced saccades, including two patients
      in group A. It is concluded that quantitative vestibulocular tests can be useful
      in classifying the cerebellar atrophy syndromes.

PMID- 1078722
TI  - [Immunological aspects of Hodgkin's disease].
AB  - Immunological test alterations in Hodgkin's disease are described. Cutaneous
      reactivity to various antigens (tuberculin, oidiomycin, trichophytin, parotitis
      virus, candida, etc.), cutaneous reactivity to sensitizing chemical agents (DNCB,
      DNFB), lymphocyte blastization in vitro with PHA and various antigens, the
      reaction of homologous lymphocytes transferred to the skin, and the stimulation
      by the Hodgkin lymphocytes of homologous lymphocytes in unidirectional mixed
      culture, are all impaired. Antibody immunity would appear to be normal. The
      impairment of the T system and normality of the B system would explain these
      patients' much greater susceptibility to viral than to bacterial diseases. On the
      basis of the most recent research, it is hypothesized that underlying these
      phenomena is a deficiency in the H-LA system which makes it unable to recognize
      certain neoplastic antigens (Reed-Strenberg reticular cells, for example);
      stimulation of the B system by the formation of anti-T antibodies and subsequent
      depletion of this system.

PMID- 1078723
TI  - [Letter: Gastric hemorrhage caused by salicylic acid and its active diagnosis].

PMID- 1078724
TI  - Differences in action potentials and accommodation of sensory and motor
      myelinated nerve fibres as computed on the basis of voltage clamp data.
AB  - 1. Voltage clamp experiments were performed on sensory and motor nerve fibres of
      the frog using a digital computer for automatic experiment control and data
      recording. 2. Rates of rise and maximum amplitudes of potassium currents were
      determined in both sensory and motor fibres, so that comparative values of n
      infinity and tau-n could be obtained. 3. The results indicate that the n infinity
      V curve for sensory fibres is displaced from the curve for motor fibres in a
      depolarising direction. The potassium kinetics are similar in both for voltage
      steps up to about - 20 m V, beyond which tau-n becomes progressively smaller for
      sensory than for motor fibres. 4. These comparative values of n affinity and tau
      n have been used to calculate alpha-n and beta-n values for a model "motor"
      action potential by considering the Frankenhaeuser-Huxley computed action
      potential to be "sensory". This modification of the potassium system, together
      with some alteration to the sodium inactivation system produces a satisfactory
      model "motor" action potential. 5. The model sensory and motor action potentials
      behave quite similarly to their experimentally recorded counterparts with respect
      to action potential shape and relative duration, repetitive firing, accomodation
      and the simulated action of T.E.A.

PMID- 1078725
TI  - Early receptor potential from the pineal photoreceptor.
AB  - Rapid photoresponses were obtained from the pineal organ of Rana catesbeiana and
      Rana esculenta comparable to the early receptor potential (ERP) of the retina of
      their lateral eyes. Light source was a xenon filled discharge tube with a maximum
      energy input of 365 J. The flash duration was 600 mu sec measured at 1/3 peak
      amplitude. The response pattern of the ERP of the exposed Epiphysis cerbri
      (intracranial portion of the frog's pineal organ) resembled the ERP of the
      isolated retina and the R1 deflection of the ERP of the eye-cup. It was greatly
      diminished during consecutive flashes and was absent during light adaptation. It
      was confined to the Epiphysis cerbri and was similar in time course and shap to,
      though smaller as, the ERP of the isolated retina. The photoresistant component
      of the ERP in the eye-cup was lacking in the Epiphysis cerbri and in the isolated
      retina. The action spectrum of the ERP of the Epiphysis cerbri closely resembled
      the photopigment absorption of rhodopsin indicating that the structural cones of
      the pineal organ contain a photopigment different from the retinal cones of the
      frog's lateral eye.

PMID- 1078726
TI  - [99mTc-polyphosphate scintigraphy of joints, xeroradiography and radiography of
      hands].
AB  - Joint imaging with 99m-Tc-Polyphosphate was carried out in 21 patients having
      inflammatory or degenerative diseases of the joints of the hands. A comparison
      was made between 99m-TcPP, xeroradiography and radiography. In a total of 630
      different joints 237 positive scans, 132 positive roentgenograms and 183 positive
      xeroradiograms were obtained. In the early stage of inflammatory joint disease
      only the scintigraphic results are positive, in the later stage 99mTcPP-imaging
      was less sensitive than xeroradiography and radiography. The reason for the
      increased concentration at the site of acute joint inflammation is probably the
      increased uptake in the soft tissues of the joints. The best time for scanning
      after the application of 99m-TcPP seemed to be at 3 hours.

PMID- 1078727
TI  - [B and T lymphocytes in viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1078728
TI  - Intramural intestinal haemorrhage: a complication of anticoagulant therapy.

PMID- 1078729
TI  - [Erythemic coelic lupus of a patient undergoing chronic treatment with
      hydantoinal (author's transl)].

PMID- 1078730
TI  - Visual pigments and color blindness.

PMID- 1078731
TI  - Clinicopathological conference: Infant with bleeding from rectum.

PMID- 1078732
TI  - Mitogen-induced blastogenic responses of lymphocytes from marihuana smokers.
AB  - Blastogenic responses in vitro to phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen were
      examined in microcultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes from a group of 12
      healthy, long-term marihuana smokers and a group of matched control subjects.
      With either mitogen, no significant difference in cellular incorporation of
      (3H)thymidine was noted between the groups. These results were interpreted to
      indicate that the functional status of blood lymphocytes was not altered by long
      term smoking of marihuana.

PMID- 1078733
TI  - [Effectiveness of the impulse ultra-high frequency therapy, decimetric and
      centimetrowave therapy of patients with cervico-thoracic osteochondrosis and
      concomitant ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1078734
TI  - [Concerning the discussion "On scientific organizational system of prevention of
      internal diseases"].

PMID- 1078735
TI  - Assay of von Willebrand factor in von Willebrand's disease and hemophilia: use of
      a macroscopic platelet aggregation test.

PMID- 1078736
TI  - A kininogen-like substance in unheated human plasma proteins.

PMID- 1078737
TI  - The function and interrelationships of T-cell receptors, Ir genes and other
      histocompatibility gene products.

PMID- 1078738
TI  - Studies on ciliary beating of frog pharyngeal epithelium in vitro: I. Isolation
      and ciliary beat of single cells.

PMID- 1078739
TI  - [Importance of a complex examination of patients with corneal prosthesis for
      optical and therapeutic purposes].

PMID- 1078740
TI  - Two populations of lymphocytes in a cat.

PMID- 1078741
TI  - Evolution of phi chi 174. II. A cleavage map of the G4 phage genome and
      comparison with the cleavage map of phi chi 174.

PMID- 1078742
TI  - Acute conditions: incidence and associated disability, United States, July 1972
      June 1973.

PMID- 1078743
TI  - Complement-fixing and lymphocytotoxic antibodies in serum of pregnant women at
      delivery II. Clinical observations I.
AB  - Sera from 2,008 pregnant women were examined for the presence of complement
      fixing platelet antibodies (CFPAb) and lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCTAb). Women
      with antibodies in their serum were compared with women without antibodies. No
      clinical significance of CFPAb or LCTAb was found as regards pre-eclampsia,
      arterial hypertension, albuminuria, oedema, glucosuria, premature delivery,
      spontaneous onset of labor and abortion.

PMID- 1078744
TI  - Editorial: Pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1078745
TI  - [Incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis infections].

PMID- 1078746
TI  - Coronary artery surgery for recurrent ventricular arrhythmias in patients with
      variant angina.
AB  - Two patients with Prinzmetal's variant angina had recurrent episodes of resting
      chest pain, ST segment elevation, QRS widening, ventricular tachycardia, and
      ventricular fibrillation. These eqisodes were unresponsive to medical therapy
      including lidocaine, procaine amide, and quinidine sulfate. Coronary
      arteriography revealed severe obstructive coronary artery disease, involving more
      than one coronary artery, in both patients. Aorticocoronary saphenous vein grafts
      were utilized to bypass significant disease in each patient. In one patient blood
      flow through the grafts was measured at 90 and 65 ml per minute, respectively, at
      operation and patent grafts were demonstrated six months postoperatively. Neither
      patient has had recurrence of chest pain or evidence of ventricular tachycardia
      at one year or 2 1/2 years postoperatively. Postoperative resting and maximal
      exercise ECG's are normal. Coronary artery surgery may be an effective method of
      therapy for ischemic ventricular tachycardia when medical therapy fails.

PMID- 1078747
TI  - Folate metabolism in scurvy.

PMID- 1078748
TI  - Evaluation of ristocetin-Willebrand factor assay and ristocetin-induced platelet
      aggregation.
AB  - Normal subjects, patients with various bleeding disorders, and patients with von
      Willebrand's disease were studied. All patients with von Willebrand's disease had
      decreased levels of ristocetin-Willebrand factor (range, 0 to 41%) as compared
      with all other subjects (range, 79 to 202%). Ristocetin-induced platelet
      aggregation of platelet-rich plasma was abnormal in all patients with von
      Willebrand's disease tested, and it was possible to correct this abnormal
      response by addition of normal platelet-poor plasma. Abnormal ristocetin-induced
      platelet aggregation was seen in patients with intrinsic platelet disorders or,
      on some occasions, in normal patients who had ingested aspirin. Ristocetin
      induced platelet aggregation is not diagnostic, but it may be useful as a simple
      screening test for patients with possible von Willebrand's disease. In
      conjunction with other tests, the assay for ristocetin-Willebrand factor will be
      useful in diagnosis and evaluation of these patients.

PMID- 1078749
TI  - Serum trypsin inhibitory capacity and Pi phenotypes. I. Methods and control
      values.
AB  - Serum trypsin inhibitory capacity determinations are of considerable value in
      detecting genetically determined types of obstructive pulmonary disease and
      hepatic disease. These determinations must frequently be followed by
      determination of protease inhibitor (Pi) phenotype in order to confirm the
      diagnosis. Piphenotyping has been a specialized and time-consuming procedure, and
      suggested improvements in the methodology and technics may make it more generally
      applicable as a clinical laboratory procedure. The prevalence of phenotypes other
      than MM in a group of 700 control sera from blood donors is reported as a
      baseline to evaluate typically American populations of mixed ethnic and racial
      characteristics. There are suggestive differences in prevalences of S and Z genes
      relating to ethnic stock and racial groups. It is important when comparing the
      prevalences of S and Z genes in diseasedpopulations to use control groups of
      similar ethnic and racial compositions. Pi phenotyping is a necessary laboratory
      procedure in the diagnosis of certain forms of genetically determined chronic
      obstructive pulmonary disease and hepatic disease. The distributions of all serum
      protease inhibitory capacity values and those for S and Z Pi phenotypes are
      shown.

PMID- 1078750
TI  - Typhoid ileitis with hemorrhage: a case report with new therapy.

PMID- 1078751
TI  - Enhanced rate of progression of coronary artery disease following aortocoronary
      saphenous vein bypass surgery.
AB  - To evaluate the fate of the boronary arteries after aortocoronary bypass, 40
      patients underwent serial selective coronary angiographic studies 1 year apart,
      and the frequency of progression of coronary artery disease was estimated. Thirty
      two had saphenous vein bypass surgery after the first procedure, six had Vineberg
      operations, and two had no interim operation. In each patient, the right, left,
      anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries (including their branches)
      were separately evaluated. Progressive narrowing was evident in 31 of 50 (62 per
      cent) bypassed vessels and in only 11 to 113 (9.7 per cent) nonbypassed arteries
      (p less than 0.001). Coronary arteries with moderate to severe obstruction
      initially (50 to 99 per cent occluded) manifested progressive diseasee more
      frequently (33 of 70 arteries) than did arteries that were normal or mildly
      narrowed initially (4 of 71) (p less than 0.001. Considering only those vessels
      with 50 to 99 per cent obstruction initially, 27 of 35 (77 per cent) of the
      bypassed arteries and only 6 of 35 (17 per cent) of the nonbypassed arteries
      showed progression (p less than 0.001). We conclude that moderately or severely
      narrowed coronary arteries are more likely to show progressive narrowing than
      normal or mildly obstructed ones and that progression of coronary disease is
      greater in bypassed vessels than in nonbypassed vessels. In view of potential
      graft closure, the implications of these findings must be considered in selecting
      patients for aortocoronary bypass.

PMID- 1078752
TI  - Coronary bypass surgery for unstable angina pectoris. Clinical follow-up and
      results of postoperative treadmill electrocardiograms.
AB  - The first 81 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery at Stanford
      University Hospital for unstable angina pectoris have been followed up for an
      average of 18 months. The over-all surgical mortality was 8.6 per cent (seven
      patients). There have been no operative deaths in last 32 patients, which may be
      due to over 75 per cent of these patients being stabilized on intensive medical
      therapy from 24 to 72 hours before study or surgery. There was a 16 per cent (13
      patients) perioperative and 15 per cent (12 patients) late incidence of
      myocardial infarction. Of 74 patients who survived the initial operation 2 died 2
      and 3 months postoperatively. Good or complete relief from pain was obtained in
      94 per cent (70 patients) of the survivors. Of 57 longterm survivors tested, 49
      per cent (28 patients) had a definite ischemic response to treadmill exercise
      testing. This may reflect the severe nature of the occlusive coronary disease or
      mechanisms other than increased coronary flow being responsible for the relief of
      pain. Although coronary bypass surgery appears to be effective in relieving the
      pain of patients with unstable angina pectoris, the 18 month average follow-up
      indicates that the incidence of myocardial infarction in surgically treated
      patients is comparable to that in medically treated patients.

PMID- 1078753
TI  - Immunologic and morphologic studies of T cell lymphoma.
AB  - Thymic-independent (B) lymphocytes, thymic-independent (T) lymphocytes and
      histiocytes may be distinguished by the presence of certain surface markers. In
      addition B and T lymphocytes have been reported to show distinctive surface
      architecture by scanning electron microscopy. Neoplastic cells from a lymph node
      and cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with a diffuse malignant lymphoma of the
      poorly differentiated lymphocytic type were examined in frozen sections and cell
      suspensions for the presence of surface immunoglobulin and the antigen-antibody
      complement (IgMEAC) receptor of B lymphocytes, the presence of the cytophilic
      antibody (IgGEA) receptor of histiocytes and the ability to form nonimmune
      rosettes with sheep red blood cells (E) characteristic of T lymphocytes. Cells
      from the lymph node were also studied by scanning electron microscopy. The
      majority of neoplastic cells from the lymph node and cerebrospinal fluid formed
      rosettes with E, but lacked surface immunoglobulin and failed to bind IgMEAC or
      IgGEA. By scanning electron microscopy the neoplastic cells, although larger in
      diameter, showed surface architecture similar to normal lymphocytes with a
      varying number of surface microvilli. These studies suggest that the malignant
      cells of this lymphoma are of thymic type.

PMID- 1078754
TI  - Hemolytic anemia associated with multiple autoantibodies and low serum
      complement.
AB  - A 37 year old woman with extravascular hemolytic anemia had a positive Monospot
      test associated with positive antiglobulin and anticomplement Coombs' tests, cold
      agglutinins and warm autoantibodies. IgG-kappa (k) antibodies, which reacted with
      all panel red cells at 37 degrees C, were eluted from her circulating red cells.
      However, neither immunoglobulins nor C3 was detected after her serum was adsorbed
      with heterologous red cell stroma at 37 degrees C and eluted at the same
      temperature in glycine buffer. In contrast, IgM-kappa and IgM-lambda (lambda),
      IgG-3-kappa, IgG4-lambda, IgA-lambda and C3 were eluted at 37 degrees C from
      heterologous red cell stroma after adsorption with her serum at 0 degrees C.
      Thus, antibodies of several types, which were present in the patient's serum,
      reacted optimally with red cell antigens at low temperature. Cold-reactive IgG3
      kappa antibodies, which also capable of interacting with red cells at 37 degrees
      C, probably accounted for the IgG-kappa antibodies eluted from the patient's
      circulating red cells. The patient's serum C4 titers were decreased, with low
      normal to moderately depressed C3 and low normal C5, indicating that the anti-red
      cell IgM and/or IgG3-kappa antibodies probably fixed complement. A localized cold
      stress test resulted in a transient increase in plasma hemoglobin and a decrease
      in serum C3 titer. These findings, and the beneficial clinical response obtained
      with small doses of prednisone, suggest that both the cold-reactive antibodies
      and the IgG-kappa on circulating red cells were pathophysiologically significant.
      This is the first report of a patient with multiple red cell autoantibodies in
      whom serum complement component titers were determined in conjunction with
      characterization of the anti-red cell immunoglobulins. Subclinical infectious
      mononucleosis may have preceded the prolonged hemolytic episode. Clinical
      evidence of systemic lupus erythematosus has not appeared.

PMID- 1078755
TI  - Anosmia and hypogonadism with ovarian mosaicism.
AB  - An 18-year-old woman with anosmia and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is presented.
      In addition endocrinologic evaluation revealed an apparent deficiency in
      pituitary growth hormone secretion in response to hypoglycemia and an ovarian
      insensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins. The ovaries, which on histologic
      examination appeared to be normal, upon karyotyping showed a chromosomal
      mosaicism, probably 46, XX/47, XXF+.

PMID- 1078756
TI  - Response of active transport of ions and spontaneous water flux to osmotic
      gradients in gastric mucosa.
AB  - The effects of symmetric changes of the mucosal and serosal bathing solution on
      cell water content, net ion flux, and net water movement were studied in the
      isolated frog gastric mucosa. Similar to transmucosal concentration gradients
      that induce water movement and changes in cell water content, symmetric
      osmolality changes of the bathing solutions also produce changes in these
      functional parameters. Thus, increments from 165 to 286 mosmol/kg water in the
      osmolality of both solutions reduce cell water content from 2.37 plus or minus
      0.12 to 1.30 plus or minus 0.20 ml/g wt, the net ion flux (acid secretion plus
      short-circuit current) from 4.83 plus or minus 0.36 to 3.44 plus or minus 0.26
      mueq/cm2 per h, and the net water flux from 10.6 plus or minus 1.1 to 2.4 plus or
      minus 1.2 mul/cm2 per h. These osmotically induced flux changes of water and ions
      must be considered when osmotic gradients are being used to generate and to
      evaluate water movement across the gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1078757
TI  - Chloride transport through the n onshort-circuited isolated skin of Rana
      esculenta.
AB  - The effects of acetazolamide (Diamox), ouabain, and amiloride on chloride
      movements through the isolated, nonshort-circuited Rana esculenta skin were
      investigated at different external NaCl concentrations. From hyposmotic solutions
      of low NaCl concentration (2 mM), two principal components of the chloride uptake
      may be distinguished: one dependent on the osmotic water flux and the other
      inhibited by Diamox but not by ouabain, amiloride, or removal of sodium from the
      external solution. Chloride uptake from a Ringer solution is always inhibited
      when either the sodium transport is blocked with amiloride or ouabain or when
      sodium is absent from the external solution. It can be concluded that the
      predominant component of the chloride transport mechanism when the external
      solution is concentrated (Ringer) is a sodium-dependent one. When chloride is
      absorbed from a solution of low concentration, however, a component predominated
      which is independent of sodium transport. It is suggested that the latter
      mechanism should be capable of exchanging chloride against endogenous base as in
      the in vivo skin.

PMID- 1078758
TI  - Two-year follow-up of angina pectoris: medical or surgical therapy.
AB  - The effects of bypass graft surgery versus continued medical management in 40
      patients with stable angina were evaluated at 2 years: 17 of 20 surgical patients
      (85%) and 18 of 20 medical patients (90%) were alive, and 5 of 20 surgical
      patients (25%) and 2 of 20 medical patients (10%) had developed myocardial
      infarction; 8 of 17 surgical patients (47%) and 4 of 18 medical patients (22%)
      had no angina, and 13 of 17 surgical patients (76%) and 9 of 18 medical patients
      (50%) had no angina or greater than 25% increase in exercise time until angina.
      No statistically significant differences were demonstrated between the medical
      and surgical groups for all variables submitted to statistical analysis.

PMID- 1078759
TI  - Adult toxoplasmosis presenting as polymyositis and cerebellar ataxia.
AB  - A patient with toxoplasmosis had cerebellar, spinal cord, nerve root, and
      skeletal muscle symptoms. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from skeletal muscle,
      and toxoplasma antibody titers were persistently elevated. The disease has been
      recurrent during a 3-year period with only temporary response to specific
      antimicrobial therapy.

PMID- 1078760
TI  - Letter: Cavernous transformation of portal vein, esophageal varices, and
      intravascular coagulation.

PMID- 1078761
TI  - Letter: Detection of ischemic heart disease.

PMID- 1078762
TI  - Dermatomyositis in six patients without initial muscle involvement.
AB  - Six patients initially had the characteristic skin eruption of dermatomyositis
      but no other evidence of the disease. They all later developed dermatomyositis.
      The clinical, laboratory, and pathological data suggest that whereas polymyositis
      may occur without skin involvement, the cutaneous features od dermatomyositis may
      be seen in the absence of detectable muscle disease. This variant of
      dermatomyositis occurs in children and adults but has not been found to be
      associated with internal malignant disease. The persistence of skin lesions
      despite systemic corticosteroid therapy is a poor prognostic sign. There were two
      patients with pulmonary fibrosis and dermatomyositis in this group. The presence
      of pulmonary fibrosis can contribute to a delay in diagnosis of dermatomyositis.
      Patients with pulmonary fibrosis had a poorer prognosis, despite moderate dosages
      of corticosteroids.

PMID- 1078763
TI  - "No-vent" technique of coronary artery bypass.
AB  - Isolated coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in 100 patients without
      the use of a left ventricular vent. Distention of the left ventricle did not
      occur. There was 1 late death unrelated to this technique. Vents in the left
      heart are not required under most circumstances.

PMID- 1078764
TI  - Letter: Cleveland Clinic experience with triple coronary artery bypass.

PMID- 1078765
TI  - Letter: Primary goal in revascularization operations.

PMID- 1078766
TI  - Changes in the greater omentum of mice of different strains after intraperitoneal
      immunization with sheep erythrocytes. II. Study of the capability of the milky
      spot cells to reconstitute the humoral-type immunologic response in lethally
      irradiated mice.

PMID- 1078767
TI  - Changes in the greater omentum of mice of different strains following
      intraperitoneal strains following intraperitoneal immunization with sheep
      erythrocytes. III. Determination of the percentage of thymus-dependent cells in
      the omental milky spots in mice by the application of anti-o serum.

PMID- 1078768
TI  - Studies on antiinflammatory activity of antithymocyte serum.

PMID- 1078769
TI  - A new application of counterpulsation: safer laparotomy after recent myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - A 56-year old man suffered severe gastrointestinal tract bleeding five days
      following an anterior myocardial infraction. Nonoperative treatment consisting of
      gastric lavage, selective angiographic procedures on the gastric arteries with
      intra-arterial vasopressin injection (Pitressin), and massive blood replacement
      over a five-day period failed to halt hemorrhage. Institution of intra-aortic
      balloon pumping reversed the patient's hemodynamic deterioration and made
      possible a definitive operation. The successful outcome in this patient suggests
      that counterpulsation may play a useful role in lowering the formidable surgical
      mortality observed in patients with acute myocardial injury who require emergency
      noncardiac operations.

PMID- 1078770
TI  - Letter: Diagnostic tap of hernial sac.

PMID- 1078771
TI  - Multiple primary malignant neoplasms. A search for an immunogenetic basis.
AB  - The occurrence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms in single individuals is
      well documented. Although many hypotheses have been advanced to explain this
      occurrence, there has been no study to determine if a presumed "increased
      susceptibility to cancer" has an immunogenetic basis. We evaluated the cellular
      immunity and histocompatibility antigens of 42 patients who had had from two to
      four multiple primary malignant neoplasms. We failed to demonstrate a preexisting
      impairment of immunocompetence or abnormal HL-A antigen frequencies in these
      patients. The occurrence of multiple primary malignant neoplasms in related
      tissues, eg, lung/larynx/oral cavity, and the occurrence of successive primary
      malignant neoplasms at a time interval consistent with the patient's being cured
      of preceding malignant neoplasms suggest that multiple primary malignant
      neoplasms result from repetitive induction by the same or similar etiologic
      factors in patients who are cured after treatment of the first malignant
      neoplasm.

PMID- 1078772
TI  - Supraceliac pseudoaneurysm of abdominal aorta. Staged repair employing
      preliminary axillary-femoral bypass.
AB  - The fifth successfully treated pseudoaneurysm of the visceral branch segment of
      abdominal aorta emphasizes individualized management of such complex lesions.
      Staged operative management of a supraceliac pseudoaneurysm by preliminary
      axillary-femoral bypass minimized potential intraoperative hazards. Visceral
      protection during aortic occlusion was simplified by axillary-femoral perfusion.

PMID- 1078773
TI  - Emergency and urgent operations for ulcerative colitis. The procedure of choice.
AB  - Eighty consecutive emergency and urgent colectomies for ulcerative colitis were
      performed. One-stage total proctocolectomy was performed in 37 patients, with a
      9.1% mortality; ileostomy with subtotal colectomy was performed in 43, with a
      7.0% mortality. The overall mortality was 7.5%. Postoperative morbidity after
      total proctocolectomy (mean postoperative hospitalization, 27.6 days; nonseptic
      complication rate, 29.4%; septic complication rate, 29.4%) was not substantially
      different from that after subtotal colectomy (postoperative hospitalization, 33.3
      days; nonseptic complications, 45.0%; septic complications, 35.0%). Survivors of
      subtotal colectomy required abdominal-perineal resection of the colorectal
      remnant in 75.7% of patients, and no patient had successful subsequent ileorectal
      anastomosis. It is suggested that one-stage total proctocolectomy be adopted as
      the surgical procedure of choice in emergency or urgent operations for ulcerative
      colitis.

PMID- 1078774
TI  - Superficial microcystic corneal dystrophy.
AB  - Microcystic corneal dystrophy was first described in 1964. Since then, several
      reports have elaborated on the original findings plus other associated corneal
      changes. The cause is unknown, but pathological studies have been done in several
      cases. The corneal changes are subtle and easy to miss on routine examination.
      This study of 17 patients was undertaken to further evaluate the signs and
      symptoms of this abnormality and to emphasize techniques of examination. Detailed
      clinical and laboratory evaluations of tear function were performed. No definite
      association between tear function and the corneal changes could be determined. In
      this group of patients, the process seemed benign with minimal symptoms.

PMID- 1078775
TI  - Dissecting aneurysms of coronary arteries.
AB  - A case of dissecting aneurysms of coronary arteries caused by cardiac surgery was
      found. Review discloses that most coronary arteries arise spontaneously, occur
      more often in women than men, frequently in the postpartum period, and are
      characterized by the sudden onset of acute chest pain in a previously well middle
      aged patient who abruptly collapses and dies. The anterior descending branch of
      the left coronary artery is most frequently affected, the dissection usually
      involves the first portion of that single vessel, and the lesion appears amenable
      to bypass venous grafting. While the cause is unknown, the frequency of
      pregnancy, the loosening effect of that condition on connective tissue, and the
      occasional finding of medial degeneration of the arterial wall suggest cystic
      medial necrosis as an important etiologic consideration. This case report
      recommends gentle handling of coronary arteries in surgical procedures.

PMID- 1078776
TI  - Influence of head orientation on visually induced pitch and roll sensation.
AB  - Observers viewing rotating scenes in their periphery frequently experience self
      motion in the opposite direction. A full field (360 degrees) flight simulator
      projection system was used to investigate the sensations resulting from pitch,
      roll, and yaw stimuli at various head orientations. Steady yaw rate
      (circularvection) and development of a constant roll tilt angle, for the head
      erect and constant velocity yaw and roll stimuli, confirmed previous reports.
      Pitch stimuli also were found to produce a sensation of tilting to a steady pitch
      angle, which was much stronger for pitch forward than backward. Pitch and roll
      effects were strongly dependent on head position, increasing for the head rolled
      90 degrees to the side or inverted, and decreasing for the head pitched 25
      degrees forward. These results support a hypothesis that visually induced tilt is
      limited by conflict with otolith information.

PMID- 1078777
TI  - Rheumatoid nodulosis: an unusual variant of rheumatoid disease.
AB  - A middle-aged man developed multiple subcutaneous nodules associated with
      palindromic rheumatism. There was little evidence of synovitis; however multiple
      cyst-like intraosseous radiolucencies were noted. Nodules from two sites were
      histologically typical rheumatoid nodules. Subjective and objective improvement
      occurred during penicillamine therapy. This clincial presentation seems
      sufficiently distinctive to warrant characterization as a variant of rheumatoid
      disease termed by us: rheumatoid nodulosis.

PMID- 1078778
TI  - The effect of cyclophosphamide on B and T lymphocytes in patients with connective
      tissue diseases.
AB  - Absolute numbers of B (IgG-, IgM-, and IgA-staining) and T lymphocytes (sheep
      erythrocyte rosette-forming cells) were determined in patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus and other connective tissue diseases in cyclophosphamide
      treated and noncyclophosphamide-treated patients and in control subjects. In
      patients receiving cyclophosphamide, all three types of immunoglobulin-staining
      varieties of circulating B lymphocytes were significantly decreased. At the same
      time the circulating T lymphocytes were also significantly reduced. In patients
      with scleroderma treated with therapeutic doses of cyclophosphamide and studied
      sequentially, the reduction in B lymphocytes occurred first, with eventual
      depletion of both cell types. In 2 patients, an early rebound increase in T cells
      occurred followed by a marked reduction. These data indicate that the
      immunosuppressive effects of cyclophosphamide may be associated with a reduction
      in both cell types.

PMID- 1078779
TI  - Abnormalities of factor VIII and platelet aggregation--use of ristocetin in
      diagnosing the von Willebrand syndrome.
AB  - Ristocetin was used to study platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma and to
      assay the von Willebrand factor activity of factor VIII (VIII-VWF). Ristocetin
      induced platelet aggregation (RIPA) was decreased in 13 of 18 patients with von
      Willebrand's disease (VWD) who had decreased plasma levels of VIII-VWF. The five
      patients with normal RIPA appeared to have mild VWD but did not constitute a
      separate subclass. RIPA was also abnormal in some patients with intrinsic
      platelet defects, but in no case was the defect corrected by normal plasma. The
      latter type of correction appears to be specific for VWD. Aspirin ingestion
      inhibited the second phase of RIPA (at low concentrations of ristocetin only) but
      did not affect the initial phase of aggregation or the level of VIII-VWF. We also
      studied a group of patients who had both abnormalities of the factor VIII complex
      and intrinsic platelet defects, such as impaired collagen-induced aggregation, as
      well. The findings in these patients and in those with typical von Willebrand's
      disease appear to comprise a spectrum of disorders (the von Willebrand syndrome)
      in which some abnormality of the factor VIII complex is associated with impaired
      platelet function. At present, ristocetin would appear to be a useful reagent for
      evaluating patients with bleeding disorders and for studying patients with the
      von Willebrand syndrome.

PMID- 1078780
TI  - Abdominal approach for the ligation of bleeding oesophageal varices.
AB  - The conventional surgical treatment of bleeding oesophageal varices in the
      emergency situation is based upon the Boerema-Crile operation of transthoracic
      oesophagotomy and ligation of the varices. This and the other methods of
      treatment of this condition in current practice are discussed. Two cases are
      reported in which a transabdominal oesophagogastrotomy was used to approach the
      site of bleeding. This operation is described and the theoretical and practical
      advantages it appears to offer over the standard approach are considered.

PMID- 1078781
TI  - Proceedings: Steroid and protease inhibition in refractory shock.

PMID- 1078782
TI  - Pericarditis, pleural effusion, and pneumonitis with transient mitochondrial
      antibodies.
AB  - Four women with fever, arthromyalgias, pericarditis, pleural effusion, high
      erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and lymphopenia had mitochondrial antibodies in
      the serum in the absence of antinuclear antibody. Their illness lasted 5-12 weeks
      and the antibody test results became negative on remission. Absence of specific
      bacteriological findings, normal antistreptolysin O titres, resistance to
      antibiotics, and good response to steroids suggested that these cases represented
      a milder and less persistent form of the syndrome resembling systemic lupus
      erythematosus described by German authors.

PMID- 1078783
TI  - Hemophilus parainfluenzae meningitis.
AB  - Although Hemophilus influenzae is a common cause of meningitis, other members of
      the Hemophilus genus are rarely the infecting organism. Of 56 cases of meningitis
      due to Hemophilus species obseved at one hospital in the period 1970-74, 53 were
      due to H. influenzae and 3 to H. parainfluenzae. In the cases of H.
      parainfluenzae meningitis the clinical picture was complicated by associated
      sepsis, and therapy with ampicillin was not entirely satisfactory.

PMID- 1078784
TI  - Suppression of secondary cellular immunity to a tumor allograft by
      cyclophosphamide and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea.
AB  - C57BL/6 mice (H-2b) were immunized with lethally x-irradiated Moloney virus
      induced lymphoma cells of BALB/c origin (H-2d) on Days 0 and 10 and received rug
      on Days 11 and 14. Their spleen cells were then tested for reactivity against
      Moloney virus-induced lymphoma of BALB/c origin by the 51Cr-release cytotoxicity
      assay. In non-drug-treated mice the secondary cytotoxic response was maximal on
      Days 14 to 15, declined rapidley, and recurred after Day 21. The cytotoxic
      effector cells were shown to be theta-bearing T-lymphocytes. Cyclophosphamide
      (CY), 180 mg/kg, given on Day 11, totally prevented the development of a
      cytotoxic response and when given on Day 14 abolished the response already
      established. CY, 48 mg/kg, as well as 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea 33
      mg/kg, were almost as suppressive. Immune mice given CY on Day 14 and reimmunized
      on Day 36 exhibited a normal tertiary response. Mice similarly immunized on Days
      1 and 10 and given drugs on Day 14 were challenged on Day 15 with up to 3.5 x 10
      8 viable Moloney virus-induced lymphoma cells of BALB/c origin. Despite H-2
      incompatibility, all nonimmune control mice developed ascites and died, whereas
      all mice immunized but not given drug failed to develop ascites. By contrast, 17
      of 34 immunized mice given CY, 180 mg/kg, and 7 of 34 given 1,3-bis(2
      chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea developed ascites. The ascites eventually regressed.
      THE RESULTS SHOW THAT CY and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea can suppress a
      secondary cellular immune response as measured by the T-cell-mediated 51Cr
      release cytotoxicity assay in vitro and by viable tumor challenge in vivo.

PMID- 1078785
TI  - Metastasis formation of Yoshida sarcoma heterotransplanted in adult golden
      hamsters treated with anti-hamster thymocyte serum.
AB  - Growth of Yoshida sarcoma cells heterotransplanted in adult golden hamsters
      treated with antithymocyte serum was investigated. Control animals were grafted
      with or without hydrocoritisone conditioning. In the antithymocyte serum-treated
      group, tumors were produced in cheek pouches and grew progressively in size until
      Day 21 with no sign of regression. Little host reaction was noticed
      histologically around the tumor grafts throughout the course. Distant metastases
      were revealed at autopsy in 9 of 12 animals from Day 14 of inoculation on, and
      all the experimental animals died by Day 23. Six of the 9 hamsters with
      metastases died of tumor. By means of the back-transplantation test, the
      metastatic tumor cells were shown to be consistent with Yoshida sarcoma cells. In
      hydrocortisone-treated and untreated groups, the tumor size reached a maximum on
      Day 21 and Day 5, respectively, and then regression followed. No metastasis was
      detected in either control group.

PMID- 1078786
TI  - Malignant transformation of mouse cells by cigarette smoke condensate.
AB  - A low-nicotine cigarette smoke condensate, 12 fractions of the condensate, and a
      reconstituted sample were tested for their ability to induce transformation in
      the mouse cell line 3H/10T-1/2 CL-8. This cell line is noted for its remarkable
      low spontaneous rate of transformation. Both the crude condensate and the
      reconstituted sample as well as two specific fractions induced transformation in
      the mouse cells. These transformed cells produced fibrosarcomas when injected
      s.c. into antithymocyte serum-treated syngeneic mice.

PMID- 1078787
TI  - Changes in RNA in relation to growth of the fibroblast. III. Posttranscriptional
      regulation of mRNA formation in resting and growing cells.
AB  - The proportion of hnRNA processed into cytoplasmic mRNA in resting and growing
      3T3 and 3T6 cells has been investigated by measuring the efficiency of transfer
      of nuclear poly(A) to the cytoplasm. When nuclear poly(A) is either labeled
      continuously with precursor or pulse labeled and then chased with cordycepin,
      growing cells transfer approximately twice as much of the poly(A) from the
      nucleus to the cytoplasm as do resting cells. When cells undergo a serum-induced
      transition from the resting to growing state, the efficiency of poly(A) transfer
      is increased to that characteristic of growing cells by 3 hr after the addition
      of the serum. On the other hand, the proportion of hnRNA which is polyadenylated
      and the total nuclear poly(A) content are the same in resting and growing cells.
      It appears that the principal means by which the cell regulates its poly(A)+ mRNA
      content in the growing and resting states is by regulating the efficiency which
      nuclear poly(A)+ RNA is converted to cytoplasmic mRNA.

PMID- 1078788
TI  - The distribution of Ia antigens of the H-2 complex on lymph node cells by
      immunoferritin labelling.

PMID- 1078789
TI  - Vitamin B6 deficiency and the lymphoid system. I. Effects on cellular immunity
      and in vitro incorporation of 3H-uridine by small lymphocytes.

PMID- 1078790
TI  - Cellular transfer of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: altered disease
      pattern in irradiated recipient lewis rats.

PMID- 1078791
TI  - Contrasting effects of alloandtiserum and xenoantiserum on cell-mediated lysis of
      tumor cells.

PMID- 1078792
TI  - Migratory patterns of B lymphocytes. II. Fate of cells from central lymphoid
      organs in the chicken.

PMID- 1078793
TI  - Rosette formation of guinea pig lymphoid cells with rabbit erythrocytes
      differences between thymocytes and peripheral blood lymphocytes.

PMID- 1078794
TI  - Effect of alterations of arterial blood pressure and heart rate on segmental
      dyskinesis during acute myocardial ischemia and following coronary reperfusion.
AB  - The effect of alterations of blood pressure and heart rate on segmental
      dyskinesis induced by coronary artery ligation and the influence of such
      manipulations on the magnitude of recovery of the syskinetic segment during
      subsequent coronary artery reperfusion were evaluated in 77 open-chest dogs. Wall
      motion was recorded by ultrasound reflected directly from the ischemic myocardial
      segment. Acute ischemia produced characteristic regional abnormalities in wall
      motion: aneurysmal bulging occurred during isometric contraction and wall
      velocity was markedly reduced during ventricular ejection. During 69 minutes of
      ischemia, a control group of dogs underwent no interventions and showed no
      further changes in wall motion. Tachycardia induced by atrial pacing during
      ischemia had no significant effect. Arterial hypertension during ischemia caused
      a marked reduction in wall velocity when methoxamine was used: 14 plus or minus 2
      (SE) mm/sec (ischemia alone) to 6 plus or minus 1 mm/sec (ischemia + drug). In
      contrast, norepinephrine improved wall velocity: 11 plus or minus 2 mm/sec
      (ischemia alone) to 25 plus or minus 4 mm/sec (ischemia + drug). Hypertension
      caused by infusion of phenylephrine gave intermediate results, as did hypotension
      induced by either nitroprusside or hemorrhage during the ischemic period. After
      60 minutes the drugs were stopped, the coronary ligation released, and the
      ischemic myocardium reperfused. The relative order of improvement of wall
      velocity with reperfusion was 11 plus or minus 2 mm/sec (ischemia alone) to 24
      plus or minus 3 mm/sec (reperfusion) in the group that received norepinephrine,
      12 plus or minus 3 mm/sec to 20 plus or minus 3 mm/sec in the control group with
      no intervention durin ischemia, 13 plus or minus 2 mm/sec to 20 plus or minus 1
      mm/sec in the nitroprusside group, 9 plus or minus 2 mm/sec in the phenylephrine
      group, and 14 plus or minus 2 mm/sec to 12 plus or minus 1 mm/sec in the
      methoxamine group. The aneurysmal bulging during isometric contraction  also was
      reduced to a greater degree by reperfusion in the group that received
      norepinephrine during the ischemic period than it was in the groups undergoing
      other interventions during ischemia. We conclude that drug-induced elevations in
      arterial blood pressure can have different effects on the syskinetic motion of
      acutely ischemic myocardium and on the degree of recovery following reperfusion
      depending on the particular agent used.

PMID- 1078795
TI  - Demonstration that the atria, ventricles, and lungs each are responsible for a
      tonic inhibition of the vasomotorcenter in the dog.
AB  - To localize the areas of the cardiopulmonary region involved in tonic inhibition
      of the vasomotor center, anesthetized dogs were subjected to sinoaortic
      denervation and diaphragmatic vagotomy. Afferent vagal nerve traffic was
      interrupted in the neck by cooling. With the venous return taken from the venae
      cavae, oxygenated extracorporeally, and returned to the aorta, the heart was
      removed, leaving the ventilated lungs (condition 1), and the lungs and the
      ventricles were removed, leaving the beating atria (condition 3). With the venous
      return taken from the pulmonary arteries, oxygenated extracorporeally, and
      returned to the left atrium, the lungs were removed, leaving the intact working
      heart (condition 2), and the lungs were removed and the atria were denervated,
      leaving the working innervated ventricles (condition 4). Vagal cooling increased
      aortic pressure by 25 plus or minus 2 (SE) mm Hg in condition 1, by 36 plus or
      minus 2 mm Hg in condition 2, by 29 plus or minus 2 mm Hg in condition 3, and by
      29 plus or minus 7 mm Hg in condition 4. Removing the atria in condition 3 or
      denervating the ventricles in condition 4 abolished the reflex response. Thus,
      afferent vagal nerves from the lungs and the heart tonically inhibit the
      vasomotor center. The inhibition exerted by the heart is caused by receptors in
      the atria and the ventricles.

PMID- 1078796
TI  - Thymus-derived lymphocytes in patients with solid malignancies.

PMID- 1078797
TI  - Procainamide-induced antibodies to nucleoprotein, denatured and native DNA in
      human subjects.

PMID- 1078798
TI  - Chronic polymicrobial bacteremia.
AB  - A 13-year-old girl had chronic polymicrobial bacteremia with Enterobacter hafnia
      and Enterobacter agglomerans in the absence of any demonstrable underlying
      illness, use of immunosuppressive drugs, or discovery of portal of entry of the
      bacteria. She was treated successfully with a prolonged course of carbenicillin
      and aminoglycoside antibiotics which were tolerated well. The only side effect of
      the therapy was a transient episode of vestibular dysfunction which was
      reversible following cessation of gentamicin. The principles of management of
      polymicrobial bacteremia are presented.

PMID- 1078799
TI  - [Letter: Serology of rheumatism].

PMID- 1078800
TI  - [Selective coronary perfusion scintigraphy. II. Abnormal coronary perfusion
      pattern (author's transl)].
AB  - Integrated assessment of selective coronary angiorgrams and perfusion scintigrams
      of 86 patients with coronary-artery insufficiency revealed anatomical and
      topographical details which could not be achieved with one of these methods
      alone. Pathological perfusion patterns were quite different from normal ones. The
      functional effects of single, centrally located stenoses, of more peripheral and
      multiple narrowings, as well as of anastomoses and collaterals were adequately
      demonstrated by selective coronary perfusion scintigraphy and prevented
      diagnostic errors. It is, therefore, an additional aid in the diagnosis of
      coronary-artery disease.

PMID- 1078801
TI  - Hormonal imputs and brain tryptophan metabolism: the effect of growth hormone.

PMID- 1078802
TI  - [Similarity in the influence of secondary and tertiary tricyclic antidepressants
      on the effects of reserpine in frogs and serotonin absorption by human
      thrombocytes].

PMID- 1078803
TI  - Portacaval anastomosis and peptic ulcer: a nonassociation.
AB  - The incidence of peptic ulcer is increased in cirrhosis and is widely believed to
      be even greater in cirrhotic patients with portacaval anastomosis (PCA). Two
      prospective, controlled investigations of prophylactic PCA were evaluated to
      compare the frequency of peptic ulcer in two groups of cirrhotic patients with
      similar clinical and laboratory manifestations of cirrhosis randomly selected to
      be an unoperated Control Group (60 patients) or to have PCA (Shunt Group, 48
      patients). In addition, nonrandomized groups of cirrhotic patients, 77 of whom
      were excluded from the randomized study and 44 of whom had therapeutic PCA, were
      studied. A diagnosis of chronic peptic ulcer was based on the demonstration of an
      ulcer crater by X-ray, endoscopy, surgery, or autopsy. Prior to inclusion in
      these studies, approximately 10% of patients had had peptic ulcer. After
      inclusion, during a mean follow-up period of 45 months, 12% of both the Control
      and Shunt Groups developed peptic ulcers. The frequency of complications of
      peptic ulcer, of recurrence of peptic ulcer, or of acute or symptomatic
      (unproved) ulcer were similar in both groups. Ulcers tended to develop later in
      shunted than in unshunted patients. Similar data were obtained from three of four
      other controlled investigations of PCA. This investigation does not find an
      increased occurrence of peptic ulcer after PCA. The frequency of ulcer in
      cirrhosis appears to increase with the duration of the disease independent of the
      presence or absence of PCA.

PMID- 1078804
TI  - Role of bile acids in the pathogenesis of aspirin-induced gastric mucosal
      hemorrhage in rats.
AB  - The simultaneous oral administration of acetylsalicylic acid (64 mg per kg) and
      taurocholic acid (2.5 mM) to rats induced gastric hemorrhagic mucosal bleeding in
      82.4% of animals compared with 29.7% of animals given acetylsalicylic acid alone.
      Taurodeoxycholic acid and glycocholic acid with acetylsalicylic acid also
      significantly increased the incidence of gastric hemorrhagic mucosal bleeding
      compared with the control animals, but cholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and
      deoxycholic acid did not have a significant effect. Hemorrhagic mucosal lesions
      were not observed when the bile acids studied were administered alone. These
      results indicate a possible role for certain bile acids in the pathogenesis of
      gastric mucosal bleeding after the ingestion of aspirin.

PMID- 1078805
TI  - Demonstration of superficial gastric erosions by double contrast radiography.
AB  - Superficial gastric erosions were found in 30 of 267 patients undergoing
      esophagogastroduodenoscopy. In 13 of these patients, and in 7 others not
      submitted to endoscopy, superficial gastric erosions were demonstrated
      radiologically by the double contrast technique. These may appear as flat, linear
      streaks, as dots of barium, or as target-like lesions with a central fleck of
      barium surrounded by a radiolucent halo. In 1 patient, a ring-shaped density was
      demonstrated due to a small blood clot adherent to a gastric erosion. Although
      patients presenting with acute hemorrhagic gastritis should still be examined
      first by endoscopy, double contrast radiography has been of value in patients
      presenting after the cessation of bleeding and in patients with vague digestive
      complaints. Because of our experience with the diagnosis of standard methods, and
      because of the Japanese experience with diagnosis of superficial gastric
      carcinoma, it is recommended that this technique be applied more widely to
      facilitate the detection of early and small lesions in the stomach.

PMID- 1078806
TI  - Editorial: Intraarterial vasopressin: a continuing challenge.

PMID- 1078807
TI  - Vestibular causes of vertigo.

PMID- 1078808
TI  - Detecting changes in the cornea that come with age.

PMID- 1078809
TI  - Interrelations between vestibular receptors in the frog.

PMID- 1078810
TI  - Nystagmus produced by pitch and yaw rotation of monkeys about non-vertical axes.

PMID- 1078811
TI  - [Neurology].

PMID- 1078812
TI  - Enhancement of reaginic antibody formation in the mouse by concanavalin A.
AB  - SWR mice injected with Concanavalin A (Con A) and Ovalbumin (Ov) one immediately
      after the other or with mixtures of Con A and Ov produced reaginic antibodies to
      Ov (titer 1:80) after primary immunization and reaginic antibody levels of 1:640
      after secondary immunization. Mixtures of Con A and Ov were shown to contain
      soluble complexes which could be precipitated by 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG).
      Mixtures of Con A and human serum albumin or Con A and bovine serum albumin did
      not form soluble complexes and did not induce detectable reagin formation. The
      possible role of soluble of Con A-Ov complexes in stimulating reaginic antibody
      is discussed.

PMID- 1078813
TI  - Pathophysiology of single and challenge infections of Haemonchus contortus in
      Merino sheep: studies on red cell kinetics and the "self-cure" phenomenon.

PMID- 1078814
TI  - Effects of parasitism by the lung fluke, Haematoloechus medioplexus, on lung
      fatty acid and sterol composition in the bullfrog, Rana catesbiana.

PMID- 1078815
TI  - Biological relevance of alkali-labile sites in double-stranded DNA after gamma
      irradiation.
AB  - Alkali-labile sites produced by gamma-irradiation in dry RF-DNA of bacteriophage
      phi chi 174 were found to be lethal lesions with respect to the plaque-forming
      ability.

PMID- 1078816
TI  - Effects of gamma-radiation on the optical properties of aqueous lysozyme
      polyinosinic-acid complexes.
AB  - The absorption of gamma-rays by dilute aqueous solutions of lysozyme and
      polyinosinic acid (poly I) causes significant increases in the light-scattering
      power of room temperature solutions in certain critical concentration regions.
      Light-scattering properties are unaltered by relatively large doses of radiation
      delivered to heated complexes. Prior irradiation of the poly I alone yields
      complexes whose light-scattering properties are the same as those of the
      unirradiated system. Studies of the radiation-induced absorbance changes of these
      complexes at 260 and 280 nm show behaviour indicative of the radiation chemistry
      of polynucleotide rather than of lysozyme. From the evidence available, it is
      postulated that most of the damage is to the poly I rather than lysozyme in the
      complexes. Increases in light-scattering and dissymmetry are attributed to
      unwinding of the multi-stranded polynucleotide. The role of water in the
      formation and radiation sensitivity of the complexes is discussed.

PMID- 1078817
TI  - Haemopoietic stem-cell kinetics during continuous irradiation.
AB  - Analysis of the kinetics of the biphasic response of haemopoietic stem cells to
      chronic low dose-rate irradiation indicates that a highly radiosensitive delay of
      entry into cell-cycle by Go cells may be responsible for the initial, apparently
      dose-rate-independent, phase of the dose-response curve. The second component of
      the curve appears to be the result of a combination of two factors: a relatively
      decreased differentiation demand on stem cells due to increased amplification in
      the transit-committed precursor cells, and a uniform shortening of the cell-cycle
      -including the S period--in the stem cells.

PMID- 1078818
TI  - DNA-to-protein cross-linking in synchronized HeLa cells exposed to ultra-violet
      light.
AB  - The U.V.-induced DNA-to-protein cross-linking in synchronously growing HeLa cells
      exhibits age-dependent variations. The maximum yield of cross-linking is observed
      during S-phase and exposure of mid-S cells to 250 ergs/mm2 renders about 22 per
      cent of DNA unextractable owing to cross-linking with proteins. Cells irradiated
      in G1 or G2 exhibit much smaller amount of cross-linking. The unextracted DNA was
      recovered from the protein fraction, and the addition of 0-5 per cent trypsin
      solution rendered all the DNA extractable. Fluctuations in the age-response
      pattern for the yield of DNA-protein cross-links varies throughout the cell-cycle
      in the same way as the efficiency for cell-killing, i.e. cells are resistant in
      G1, sensitive as they move into and through the S phase, and resistant again in
      G2. Dose-response curves determined at different times in the cycle reveal that
      up to about 500 ergs/mm2 the amount of DNA recovered from S cells decreased for
      about 8 per cent for every 100 ergs/mm2 of U.V. light. The amount of recovered
      DNA remained unchanged for cells exposed to 500 ergs/mm2 in the middle of S, for
      as long as 8 hours after exposure, i.e. for as long as the experiments were
      carried out no recovery from this damage was observed.

PMID- 1078819
TI  - A major component of the radiation effect: interference with endocellular control
      of cell proliferation and differentiation.
AB  - Cytological investigations with diploid and autotetraploid plant materials reveal
      that cytoplasmic growth, including the propagation of autoreduplicating
      cytoplasmic units such as mitochondria and proplastids, continues during the
      radiation-induced mitotic delay, thus increasing the ratio of cytoplasmic amount:
      nuclear ploidy. In accordance with a control mechanism, detected in the plant
      endosperm, this increase causes mitotic inhibition due to any early induction of
      otherwise normal differentiation processes. Although mutations are not a
      prerequisite, they can act in an auxiliary manner by quantitative action. The
      contribution of 'early differentiation' to non-survival varies according to
      irradiation conditions and can outweigh the direct effects of irreversible
      genetic damage. Therefore, a higher level of ploidy cannot improve survival
      significantly, if mitotically-active tissues are irradiated under the usual
      conditions. Corresponding observations are known from animals. The results
      suggest that the control mechanism of the endosperm is (a) general to
      multicellular organisms, and (b) can be modulated by extracellular agents.

PMID- 1078820
TI  - Interaction of gamma-ray and neutron effects on the proliferative capacity of
      Chinese hamster cells.
AB  - The loss of reproductive capacity of Chinese hamster cells has been studied using
      60Co gamma-rays and DT neutrons singly or combined in fixed proportions.
      Surviving fractions were measured down to 2 times 10-4. Interaction between the
      effects produced by neutrons and gamma-rays in the mixed irradiations has been
      demonstrated. The results are compared with those predicted by the cellular
      inactivation model developed by Katz and co-workers from their delta-ray theory
      of track structure.

PMID- 1078821
TI  - Letter: Decrease in sensitivity of cells after split-dose recovery: evidence for
      the involvement of protein synthesis.

PMID- 1078822
TI  - Calcium-containing structures in vertebrate glial cells. Ultrastructural and
      microprobe analysis.
AB  - Electron probe microanalysis has revealed that vesicular or cisternal structures
      containing electron-dense material in frog ependymal glial cells contain deposits
      of calcium and phosphorus. The so-called "osmiophilic particles" in human
      astrocytes also contain calcium. It is suggested that these organelles are
      storage sites of calcium.

PMID- 1078823
TI  - Electrophoretic analysis of liver and testis histones of the frog Rana pipiens.
AB  - Histones were extracted from frog livers and testes and analyzed by
      electrophoresis on long polyacrylamide gels and on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)
      containing polyacrylamide gels. Frog histones were found to be similar to those
      of calf thymus except that frog histone fraction F2A2 showed a marked dependence
      on the temperature at which the long gels were run, and frog histone fraction F3
      could be separated from frog F2B on SDS-containing gels. Comparisons between frog
      liver and frog testis histones indicated that the testis contains as its major F1
      component a fast migrating species not found in liver. Testis histones also
      showed less microheterogeneity of fractions F3 and F2A1 than liver histones.
      These were the only differences observed between liver and testis histones, even
      when testis histones were prepared from sperm suspensions that were rich in cells
      in the late stages of spermiogenesis. Thus it seems that, in Rana, the
      electrophoretic properties of the basic proteins of sperm differ from those of
      somatic cells only in the nature of histone F1 and in the degree of
      microheterogeneity of fractions F2A1 and F3.

PMID- 1078824
TI  - Size and shape of transverse tubule openings in frog twitch muscle fibers.
AB  - The openings of transverse tubules in frog twitch fibers are described. The
      tubules open to the extracellular space by a narrow neck, with an inner diameter
      of 20 nm. The most peripheral portion of the tubules is tortuous and has a
      variable diameter. The similarity in size of the openings of T tubules and
      caveolae and the meandering path of the tubules are sufficient to account for the
      paucity of observed openings.

PMID- 1078825
TI  - Complement fixation by rheumatoid factor.
AB  - The capacity for fixation and activation of hemolytic complement by polyclonal
      IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) isolated from sera of patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis and monoclonal IgM-RF isolated from the cryoprecipitates of patients
      with IgM-IgG mixed cryoglobulinemia was examined. RF mixed with aggregated,
      reduced, and alkylated human IgG (Agg-R/A-IgG) in the fluid phase failed to
      significantly reduce the level of total hemolytic complement, CH50, or of
      individual complement components, C1, C2, C3, and C5. However, sheep erythrocytes
      (SRC) coated with Agg-R/A-IgG or with reduced and alkylated rabbit IgG anti-SRC
      antibody were hemolyzed by complement in the presence of polyclonal IgM-RF. Human
      and guinea pig complement worked equally well. The degree of hemolysis was in
      direct proportion to the hemagglutination titer of the RF against the same coated
      cells. Monoclonal IgM-RF, normal human IgM, and purified Waldenstrom
      macroglobulins without antiglobulin activity were all inert. Hemolysis of coated
      SRC by RF and complement was inhibited by prior treatment of the complement
      source with chelating agents, hydrazine, cobra venom factor, specific antisera to
      C1q, CR, C5, C6, or C8, or by heating at 56 degrees C for 30 min. Purified
      radiolabeled C4, C3, and C8 included in the complement source were bound to
      hemolysed SRC in direct proportion to the degree of hemolysis. These data
      indicate that polyclonal IgM-RF fix and activate complement via the classic
      pathway. The system described for assessing complement fixation by isolated RF is
      readily adaptable to use with whole human serum.

PMID- 1078826
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma. Immunologic parameters before and during immunotherapy with
      tumor-specific transfer factor.
AB  - 18 patients with osteogenic sarcoma were followed by serial measurements in vitro
      of tumor-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity and of "active" and total rosette
      forming T-cells. 13 of these patients have had or are currently receiving
      injections of osteogenic sarcoma-specific dialyzable transfer factor derived from
      healthy donors. In three patients with very small lesions, cytotoxicity was high
      before amputation and decreased within 2 mo after removal of tumor. Cytotoxicity
      was low at time of diagnosis in all patients with large tumor masses. The
      cytotoxicity of the patients' lymphocytes increased after administration of tumor
      specific transfer factor in all patients so treated. Patients receiving
      nonspecific transfer factor showed evidence of declining cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity. Tumor-specific transfer factor may produce an increase in cell
      mediated cytotoxicity to the tumor in patients with osteogenic sarcoma. This
      possibility is suggested by the pain and edema that occurred in the area of the
      tumor in patients who had metastatic disease when therapy was started and by
      lymphocytic infiltrates in the tumor, as well as by the increase in cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity and the increase in percentage of active rosette-forming cells from
      subnormal to normal. Serial measurements of cell-mediated cytotoxicity are
      helpful in monitoring the efficacy of transfer factor and other modes of therapy
      in these patients, and these measurements are the best available criteria for
      selection of donors of tumor-specific transfer factor.

PMID- 1078827
TI  - Tumor-specific cell-mediated immunity in household contacts of cancer patients..
AB  - Patients with osteogenic sarcoma (and related tumors), hypernephroma, and breast
      carcinoma, and their household contacts were tested for tumor-specific cell
      mediated immunity against these tumors with the use of a short-term chromium-51
      release assay. This assay, reproducible over many months and well-correlated with
      the clinical course of the patients, was used to demonstrate that household
      contacts of patients with osteogenic sarcoma and breast carcinoma have specific
      immunity against the tumor type with which they have been in contact. In both
      types of tumors, the range of cytotoxicity values produced by lymphocytes from
      the household contacts was significantly higher than that of the normal
      population. The incidence of immunity was much higher in household contacts of
      patients with breast carcinoma than in those of patients with osteogenic sarcoma.
      Immunity was found with equal frequency in men and women, as well as in
      genetically and nongenetically related household contacts (guardians, adopted
      children, spouses). Immunity against hypernephroma was not demonstrated in either
      patients with hypernephroma or their household contacts.

PMID- 1078828
TI  - A cytofluorometric and radiochemical analysis of the uptake and turnover of 5
      hydroxytryptamine in mast cells.
AB  - Uptake and turnover of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) after the administration of 5
      hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) has been studied in rat peritoneal mast cells using
      radiochemical and quantitative cytofluorometric methods. There was a close
      agreement between the results obtained with the two methods. The extreme
      sensitivity of the cytofluorometric method was indicated by the fact that 0.2 pg
      5-HT contained in mast cells from control rats could be readily quantitated. The
      cytofluorometric analysis demonstrated a large variation in 5-HT content of
      individual mast cells within the mast cell populations. The storage capacity for
      5-HT greatly exceeded the amount found in normal mast cells. Intraperitoncally
      injected 5-HTP was rapidly taken up and eliminated from the mast cells within 12
      hr, while 5-HT, probably derived from intracellular decarboxylation of 5-HTP, was
      retained in the cells and slowly eliminated. The elimination of 5-HT followed an
      exponential course and the half-life was found to be about 10 days. The results
      indicate that the turnover of 5-HT is much slower in mast cells than in other
      cells which normally store 5-HT.

PMID- 1078829
TI  - Effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the induction and expression of cell
      mediated immunity. II. Stimulation of the efferent arc.
AB  - The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) produced by subcutaneous or intravenous
      immunization of mice with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) is mediated by T cells in
      cooperation with accessory cells (monocytes). Different effects of bacterial
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on this T cell activity were found at different stages
      of the immune response. a) T cell activity was enhanced by LPS given 1 to 3 days
      after sensitization. Enhancement, which was most marked when treatment was given
      on the 2nd day of the immune response, did not occur unless LPS was introduced
      into a site that drains to the responding lymph node. This stimulatory effect was
      dose dependent. b) A similar effect on the response to intravenous immunization
      caused DTH to appear transiently in mice given a T cell-blocking dose (10-9) of
      SRBC. c) DTH was suppressed by LPS given at the height of the T cell response
      (day 4). This effect, which was short lived and reversible, was due to the action
      of LPS on the accessor cells needed for the expression of DTH. Treatment of
      recipients with LPS completely blocked the adoptive transfer of DTH to both
      normal and spenectomized mice. The ability to react was regained slowly, but it
      returned promptly to splenectomized recipients. LPS has clearly more than one
      effect on the expression of cell-mediated immunity because it affects specific
      and non-specific mediator cells in different ways.

PMID- 1078830
TI  - A lectin model for unresponsiveness. I. Reversible effects of high doses of
      concanavalin A on spontaneous and induced DNA synthesis.
AB  - A mitogen model for unresponsiveness has been studied. In 72-hr cultures the
      lowest supraoptimal dose of Concanavalin (Con A) showing no stimulation of rat
      thymocytes above background was 160 mug/ml. This dose was also found to inhibit
      substantially (50%) the high spontaneous DNA synthesis by thymocytes during the
      first 24 hr of culture. This effect was most significant 12 to 24 hr after
      addition of high-dose Con A. It was not necessary for the cells to remain
      continuously with high-dose Con A, since washing out unbound Con A after 1 hr
      still led to reduced 3-H-thymidine incorporation at 24 or 72 hr. Furthermore,
      high-dose Con A treatment suppressed DNA synthesis when added at 48 hr to
      cultured optimally stimulated with Con A. Interaction with high-dose Con A
      appears to inhibit the ability of cells to initiate new rounds of DNA synthesis
      without blocking ongoing DNA replication. Removal of Con A with alpha-methyl-D
      mannopyranoside (mannose) led to only partial reversal of these effects after 1
      hr although "unresponsiveness" was reversible at 15 min. Suppression was not due
      to cytotoxic or agglutinating effects of the high-dose Con A. Two times 10-6
      thymocytes exposed to 160 mug of Con A for 1 hr bound 1.7 mug, 86% of which was
      elutable with mannose. There was no reduction in the ability of high-dose treated
      cells to bind a subsequent optimal dose of Con A. Since Con A binds to
      essentially all thymocytes, this system is useful in following early events in
      the induction of lectin "unresponsiveness" as a model for immunologic tolerance.

PMID- 1078831
TI  - Characterization of immunoglobulin-bearing and other small lymphocytes in mouse
      bone marrow by sedimentation and electrophoresis.
AB  - 125I-antiglobulin binding and radioautography have been used to define the
      sedimentation and electrophoretic properties of immunoglobulin-bearing and other
      small lymphocytes in bone marrow. Bone marrow cell suspensions from CBA mice were
      exposed to 125I-labeled rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin for 30 min at 0 degrees
      C. Cell fractions were collected after either sedimentation at unit gravity or
      continuous free-buffer film preparative electrophoresis. The sedimentation
      profiles of labeled, antiglobulin-binding small lymphocytes and of unlabeled
      small lymphocytes were identical, peaking at 2.6 mm/hr, except for 5% of the
      labeled small lymphocytes which sedimented at 3.8 to 4.1 mm/hr. In
      electrophoretic fractions most labeled small lymphocytes were contained in a peak
      of low mobility and unlabeled small lymphocytes were of intermediate mobility,
      but high mobility fractions also contained small numbers of labeled and unlabeled
      small lymphocytes.  Small lymphocytes comprised 80 to 85% of all nucleated bone
      marrow cells in fractions taken at the peak of the small lymphocyte distribution
      profile after either sedimentation or electrophoresis, accompanied mainly by
      either erythroid or granulocytic precursor cells, respectively. The results
      demonstrate that small lymphocytes with readily detectable surface immunoglobulin
      in the bone marrow closely resemble those in peripheral lymphoid tissues with
      respect to their sedimentation and electrophoretic properties. The possibility is
      raised that the rapidly sedimenting immunoglobulin-bearing small lymphocytes in
      bone marrow are a functionally distinct group of potential precursor cells. Non
      antiglobulin-binding small lymphocytes in bone marrow resemble
      electrophoretically the double negative (immunoglobulin -and theta -negative)
      small lymphocytes in other lymphoid tissues. Small lymphocytes of high
      electrophoretic mobility, prominent in the theta- bearing lymphocyte populations
      of peripheral lymphoid tissues, are few in bone marrow. Lymphocyte-rich
      suspensions, containing either high or low proportions of immunoglobulin-bearing
      small lymphocytes, can be separated from bone marrow by electrophoresis

PMID- 1078832
TI  - Antibody-mediated suppression of grafted lymphoma. III. Evaluation of the role of
      thymic function, non-thymus-derived lymphocytes, macrophages, platelets, and
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes in syngeneic and allogeneic hosts.
AB  - Syngeneic or allogeneic mice pretreated with sublethal whole-body irradiation
      were rendered incapable of suppressing the growth of grafted tumor cells
      sensitized with alloantibody. The growth of sensitized tumor cells was suppressed
      when they were mixed with donor effector cells from mice syngeneic or allogeneic
      to the recipients and then were inoculated in irradiated recipients. Three donor
      host combinations were used to study the suppression of the murine lymphoma
      6C3HED indigenous to C3H mice. These were C3H donor cells in C3H recipients,
      C57BL/6 donor cells in C3H recipients, or C57BL/6 donor cells in C57BL/6
      recipients. In all three combinations, macrophages obtained from an inflammatory
      exudate, exudate lymphocytes not bearing theta antigen, and platelets were, in
      descending order of effectiveness, consistently active in restoring antibody
      mediated suppression of tumor growth in irradiated hosts. Prior irradiation of
      the transferred lymphocytes somewhat diminished their effectiveness. Freeze
      thawed or heat-killed macrophages (but not freeze-thawed platelets or
      lymphocytes) were effective in restoration. Peripheral blood mononuclear
      leukocytes and splenic lymphoid cells were not active in the recipients syngeneic
      to the donor cells but were acitve in recipients allogeneic to the donor cells.
      Polymorphonuclear leukocytes isolated from peripheral blood or an inflammatory
      exudate were not active. Intact thymic function seems unimportant since antibody
      mediated suppression took place as effectively in thymectomized mice as in normal
      controls.

PMID- 1078833
TI  - The frequency of phosphorylcholine-specific B cells in conventional and germfree
      BALB/C mice.
AB  - The frequency of B cells specific for phosphorylcholine (PC) in spleens of
      nonimmune conventionally-reared and germfree adult Balb/c mice was determined by
      an in vitro splenic focus technique. Analysis of spleen cells from 11
      conventionally reared donors revealed an average of 19.1 PC-specific clonal
      precursor cells/10-6 donor B cells when calculated utilizing a cloning efficiency
      previously determined for the in vitro splenic focus technique of 4%. This number
      is one-tenth the frequency determined for 2, 4-dinitrophenyl- and 2,4,6
      trintrophenyl-specific B cells; however, both idiotypic and isoelectric analysis
      reveal that the majority of B cells specific for PC yield monoclonal antibodies
      which share the TEPC 15 idiotype and contain a homogeneous IgM peak with a pK of
      4.60. Thus this single clone appears on the average to be represented by more
      than 10-3 B cells in conventionally reared nonimmune adults. A similar frequency
      for precursor cells of this clonotype was found in an analysis of seven  germfree
      adult mice so that the high frequency of B cells of this colontype appears to be
      independent of previous antigenic stimulation. Among the 11 conventionally reared
      donors analyzed, frequencies varied from 1.6 to 52/10-6 B cells--an extreme
      degree of variation when compared to the almost invariant frequencies observed
      for 2, 4-dinitrophenyl, 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl, and fluoroscein. This variation
      is interpreted as a reflection of the life cycle of a single clone with a
      possible role for antigen implied by smaller variations observed in grem free
      mice.

PMID- 1078834
TI  - Cellular cooperation during in vivo anti-hapten antibody responses. I. The effect
      of cell number on the response.
AB  - Cellular interactions in adoptive secondary anti-hapten antibody responses to the
      hapten 2, 4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) have been studied. It was shown that DNP-specific
      B cells must interact with carrier specific helper T cells to give optimal
      responses. Independent titration of B cell and helper cell activity in adoptive
      anti-DNP antibody responses gave the following results: Doubling the number of
      transferred B cells approximately doubled the subsequent antibody response.
      Doubling the number of helper cells leads to nearly 4 times as much anti-DNP
      antibody, measured 7 days after boosting ("premium effect"). This marked effect
      of helper cell number on the antibody response is thought to be due primarly to
      the interaction of two populations of carrier-specific cells in the helper
      effect, or to the interaction of two activities of a single population of helper
      cells, namely clone activation and clone expansion. Only a very small proportion
      of the premium effect given by helper cells could be attributed to increases in
      antibody affinity.

PMID- 1078835
TI  - Cellular cooperation during in vivo anti-hapten antibody responses. II. The
      effect of in vivo and in vitro x-irradiation on T and B cells.
AB  - The effect of x-irradiation on T and B cells involved in an in vivo adoptive anti
      hapten antibody response has been studied. In vitro x-irradiation inactivates
      both B cells and T cells. B cells are somewhat more sensitive than T cells to
      such treatment, the dose required to reduce B cell activity by 50% being about 50
      R, whereas 200 R will reduce helper cell activity by 50%. By contrast, if
      recipient mice are primed with carrier, they develop helper activity that is
      totally resistant to 500 R x-irradiation within 3 days of immunization. This
      activity can not be transferred from irradiated, carrier-primed mice by either
      spleen cells or serum, although anti-carrier antibody is shown to give a modest
      helper effect late after boosting. However, this radioresistant helper effect can
      be reproduced in a cell transfer system by giving carrier-primed spleen cells to
      normal recipients that are then x-irradiated (500R) and given a large dose of
      carrier protein. Neither cells nor carrier alone will give rise to such
      radioresistant helper effects. Similar helper activity is occasionally observed
      when normal mice are irradiated 24 hr after being given helper cells, in the
      abscence of carrier and boosted shortly thereafter. The differences between these
      radioresistant helper effects, and the radiosensitivity of helper cells
      transferred after x-irradiation, may be related to x-ray induced changes in cell
      migration patterns.

PMID- 1078836
TI  - Cellular cooperation during in vivo anti-hapten antibody responses. III. The
      helper cell activity of activated thymocytes, of spleen cells treated with anti
      theta serum, and of spleen cells from anti-thymocyte serum-treated or adult
      thymectomized donors.
AB  - An adoptive secondary anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) antibody response involving T
      B cell collaboration has been studied. In particular, attempts have been made to
      affect the unexpectedly steep log dose-response curve obtained when graded
      numbers of helper cells are transferred to irradiated recipients given a fixed
      number of B cells (premium effect). A variety of means were used to alter helper
      cell activity, and this activity was then measured quantitatively, as was the
      ability of the helper cells present after these treatments to give a premium
      effect. It was shown that activated T cells are approximately twice as active as
      spleen cells in helper activity and give a comparable premium effect. Graded
      doses of anti-theta serum plus complement markedly reduce the helper activity of
      spleen cells without affecting the premium effect given by the residual cells.
      Treatment of primed cell donors with limited doses of heterologous anti-mouse
      thymocyte serum (ATS) before transfer does not affect B cell activity, but
      readily inactivates helper cells, again without affecting the premium effect
      given by the residual cells. Adult thymectomy (ATx) of helper cell donors before
      priming with carrier led initially to increased helper activity relative to age
      matched control donors. This increase may reflect the loss of nonspecific
      suppressor T cells from spleens shortly after ATx. Late after ATx, there was
      about a 2-fold decrease in helper activity, probably reflecting a loss of helper
      cell precursors. At no time was there any change in the premium effect. In view
      of the failure of any of the techniques used to abolish the premium effect given
      by helper cells in this response, it seems likely that this premium effect is due
      to the cooperative interaction of two very similar types of mature T cell.
      Alternatively, the premium effect observed here may result from the interaction
      of two activities of a single type of T cell which is mediated by independent
      factors.

PMID- 1078837
TI  - Antibodies to thymocytes in sera of normal controls and of patients with
      schizophrenia.
AB  - The sera from normal healthy individuals and from patients with schizophrenia
      were tested for cytotoxic antibodies against thymic antigens located on
      thymocytes. It was found that the sera from schizophrenics do not show higher
      cytotoxicity to mouse and rabbit thymocytes than the sera from normal controls.
      Furthermore, absorption of sera with adult mouse thymocytes and brain failed to
      show any difference between the sera from these two groups of subjects.

PMID- 1078838
TI  - Ontogeny of mouse lymphocyte function. II. Development of the ability to produce
      antibody is modulated by T lymphocytes.
AB  - The relative functional maturity of neonatal mouse spleen T- and B-cell
      populations was assessed by comparing the ability to respond to the thymic
      independent antigen, DNP-Ficoll, or thymic-dependent SRBC by producing antibody
      in vitro. Although mouse spleen cells responded to DNP-Ficoll at an earlier age
      than they responded to SRBC or TNP-SRBC, the reason for the lag in the T
      dependent response was confounded by the finding of high numbers of suppressor T
      lymphocytes in the neonatal spleen. Thus, small numbers of neonatal spleen T
      cells or thymocytes significantly decreased the in vitro antibody response of
      adult spleen cells. Although B lymphocytes appear to be functionally mature soon
      after birth, their acitivity may be modulated by an excess of suppressor T cells;
      e.g., the reconstitution of helper cell function in the neonatal spleen required
      anti-theta treatment before addition of adult helper cells. Suppressive activity
      attributable to T cells seems to play a dominant role in determining the ability
      of the neonatal animal to react positively or negatively to antigenic
      stimulation.

PMID- 1078839
TI  - Expression of T-cell differentiation antigens on effector cells in cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity in vitro. Evidence for functional heterogeneity related to the
      surface phenotype of T cells.
AB  - The cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) of nonadherent cells from the peritoneal
      cavity (NAPC) of alloimmunized mice can be measured by the [3H]proline
      microassay. The exhibition of thymus-derived (T) cell antigens on these killer
      cells was studied by incubating them with the relevant T-cell antisera and
      complement (C), under optimal conditions for lysis, before performance of the CMC
      assay. Under these conditions, the following T-cell antigens were demonstrable on
      the killer population in terms of percent reduction in CMC by the respective
      antisera: (a) Thy-1.1 (83%) and Thy-1.2 (100%), (b) MSLA (86%), (c) NTA-RA (a T
      cell antigen recognized by naturally occurring autoantibody of NZB mice) (62%),
      (d) Ly1.1 )58%, (e) Ly-2.1 (11%; considered a marginal result) and Ly-2.2 (63%),
      and (f) Ly-3.2 (77%). The following were not demonstrable: (g) TL, and (h) Ly
      1.2. (i) The antigen Ly-3.1 was not studied. Omission of C deprived all T-cell
      antisera tested of their capacity to suppress CMC, indicating that the cell
      components recognized by such antisera may perform no direct function in CMC. On
      the assumption that all Ly+ cells are Thy-1+, it is clear that the T-cell members
      of the immune NAPC population must be heterogenous. This follows from the fact
      that the proportions of T cells lysed by different Ly antisera did not correspond
      with ensuing degree of loss of CMC capacity. The extremes were represented by
      anti-Ly-1.2 (74% Thy-1+ cells lysed, but no reduction in CMC) and Ly-3.2 (54% Thy
      1+ cells lysed, with 77% reduction in CMC). From this initial survey it appears
      that the C57BL/6 mice killer T-cell population active in CMC in vitro is
      relatively rich in surface antigens of the  Ly-2/Ly-3 category and relatively
      poor in representation of the Ly-1 surface antigens. It remains to be seen
      whether this killer cell phenotype, poor in Ly-1 and rich in Ly-2/Ly-3, is
      characteristic of the mouse generally. From these results it appears that subsets
      of T cells with different immunological functions may exhibit qualitative or
      quantitative differences in surface antigens specified by different Ly loci; this
      will be easier to assess in the future when the results of experiments with the
      same Ly antisera but dealing with T-cell functions other than CMC become
      available.

PMID- 1078840
TI  - Genetic regulation of the antibody response to H-2Db alloantigens in mice. I.
      Differences in activation of helper T cells in C57BL/10 and BALB/c congenic
      strains.
AB  - B10.A(5R) mice immunized with C57BL/10 spleen cells demonstrate a normal T-cell
      mediated cytotoxicity to H-2Db tumor cells but they do not mount any IgG antibody
      response to H-2Db alloantigens. B10.A(5R) mice do show a high titered IgG
      response when immunized with A.BY cells, which differ at H-2Db plus non-H-2 cell
      surface antigens, or with B10.A(2R) cells, which differ at H-2Db, H-2Kk, and H
      2Ik cell surface antigens. These findings indicate a failure of the T-helper
      cells to induce the switch from IgM to IgG when the H-2Db alloantigens are the
      only difference on the immunizing cell. In immunizing H-2d mice with congenic H
      g2 cells which differ only in the H-2Db region, mice of the C57BL/10 background
      made only IgM antibodies whereas mice of the BALB/c background made IgG
      antibodies. This comparison confirms that genes separate from H-2 regulate the T
      cell helper function. The genes that influence the T-cell helper function do not
      regulate the T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1078841
TI  - Rosette-forming ability of thymus-derived lymphocytes in cell-mediated immunity.
      I. Delayed hypersensitivity and in vitro cytotoxicity.
AB  - Effector cells in delayed hypersensitivity and in vitro cytotoxicity were studied
      in lymph node cells from animals immunized with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) in
      complete Freund's adjuvant. Delayed hypersensitivity response (DHR) was assayed
      by the increase in foot pad swelling after the intrafoot pad injection of immune
      cells plus antigen. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity against SRBC was assayed by a
      microcytotoxicity test with sheep fibroblasts as target cells. Effector cells
      were antigen specific, sensitive to anti-theta serum plus complement (C), and
      insensitive to anti-Ig serum plus C. A nonrosette-forming (non-RFC) small
      lymphocyte effector T cell and a rosette-forming medium lymphocyte effector T
      cell were isolated by velocity sedimentation. The small lymphocyte non-RFC
      required a longer time than the medium lymphocyte RFC effector cell to produce
      maximum activity. Buoyant density failed to distinguish medium lymphocyte
      effector cells in DHR and in vitro cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1078842
TI  - Mechanical control of the time-course of contraction of the frog heart.
AB  - Changes in load during most phases of an isotonic contraction of the frog and
      turtle heart increased or decreased the duration of the twitch. It was
      abbreviated by a maintained increase or by a brief decrease in load. The relaxing
      effect of these procedures developed with a delay lasting more than a second
      under some conditions and will be called lengthening deactivation. The reverse
      procedures, a maintained diminution or a brief increase in load, increased the
      duration of the twitch. This effect will be called shortening activation.
      Although the termination of relaxation may be delayed or advanced by the
      mechanical interventions mentioned, the normal time-course of isotonic relaxation
      was always resumed later, regardless of the starting level of the load, making it
      possible to measure accurately changes in the duration of the twitch. The
      responses to changes in load produce positive feedback during the isotonic
      contraction and explain, at least in part, the difference in the time-course of
      isotonic and isometric contraction. The effects of changes in load were much
      smaller and briefer in the atrium than the ventricle.

PMID- 1078843
TI  - Absent vestibulo-ocular reflexes and acute supratentorial lesions.
AB  - Loss of vestibulo-ocular reflexes occurred in two patients with acute
      supratentorial lesions who received therapeutic doses of anticonvulsant drugs.
      There was no clinical or angiographic evidence of focal brain-stem damage.
      Absence of vestibulo-ocular reflexes is attributed to a combination of acute
      cerebral damage and anticonvulsant drugs. The loss of these reflexes in patients
      with acute cerebral lesions cannot be interpreted as evidence of irreversible
      brain-stem injury.

PMID- 1078845
TI  - "The sting".

PMID- 1078844
TI  - Excitability modulation by taurine. Transmembrane measurements of neuromuscular
      transmission.
AB  - The presence of taurine, a non-essential amino acid, in nerve and muscle has been
      previously associated with inhibition of activity in the central nervous system,
      with the etiology of epileptogenic foci, and with the muscle weakness of muscular
      dystrophy. We present here data showing a small and probably insignificant effect
      of taurine on neuromuscular transmission per se, but significant
      hyperpolarization of the membrane potential in both taurine-incubated and taurine
      loaded muscles. In addition, we found that taurine reduces the time course of the
      muscle action potential. The results are interpreted in terms of neuromuscular
      transmission and excitation-contraction coupling consequent to these phenomena.
      This interpretation is compatable with the hypothesis that taurine is involved in
      the genesis of muscular dystrophy where the membrane potential is depolarized.
      Our results and interpretation can also explain the anti-arrhythmic action of
      taurine on cardiac muscle.

PMID- 1078846
TI  - Nutritional considerations of plaque formation.

PMID- 1078847
TI  - The eye and learning disabilities.

PMID- 1078848
TI  - Breast self-examination in high school.

PMID- 1078850
TI  - The role and responsibilities of the school nurse-teacher.

PMID- 1078849
TI  - Chemical additives, crime and hyperkinesis.

PMID- 1078851
TI  - Guide for counselling about hypertension.

PMID- 1078852
TI  - Children with reading problems: implications for the school-nurse teacher.

PMID- 1078853
TI  - Multi-discipline approach to alcoholism.

PMID- 1078854
TI  - Pure tone audiometer screening tests.

PMID- 1078855
TI  - Prepubescent gonococcal vulvovaginitis.

PMID- 1078856
TI  - The American Association of Poison Control Centers.

PMID- 1078857
TI  - Olfactory bulb projections in the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana.
AB  - The projections of the accessory and main olfactory bulbs of the bullfrog are
      described as part of a long term analysis of the morphological differences in
      amphibian and reptilian telancephalons. Unilateral aspiration of the accessory
      olfactory bulb results in an ipsilateral projection to the pars lateralis of the
      amygdala via the accessory olfactory tract. Degenerating fibers from the
      accessory olfactory bulb are tracable into the cell-free zone between the dorsal
      striatum and the lateral pallium, and projections to these neural populations may
      also exist. Unilateral lesions of the main olfactory bulb reveal two major
      secondary pathways: an ipsilateral medial olfactory tract that projects to the
      rostral ventromedial portion of the medial pallium, the postolfactory eminence
      and the rostal, lateral and medial septal nuclei; and an ipsilateral lateral
      olfactory tract that projects to the dorsal striatum, the lateral pallium and the
      ventral half of the dorsal pallium. Two crossed secondary olfactory pathways to
      the contralateral telencephalon decussate via the habenular commissure after
      entering the ipsilateral stria medullaris. A crossed lateral pathway terminates
      in the dorsal striatum, the caudal, lateral pallium and the ventral portion of
      the dorsal pallium. A crossed medial pathway terminates in the internal granule
      layer of the main olfactory bulb.

PMID- 1078858
TI  - Status of coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1078859
TI  - Letter: Blue blindness in children: fact or fantasy?

PMID- 1078860
TI  - Editorial: Alcoholic liver disease and the immune system.

PMID- 1078861
TI  - Crescendo angina pectoris in a 28-year-old man. Successful saphenous vein bypass
      grafting.

PMID- 1078862
TI  - Editorial: Open heart surgery in the community hospital.

PMID- 1078863
TI  - [Binocular inferior altitudinal hemianopia following occult hemorrhage (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Authors report a case of binocular inferior altitudinal hemianopia caused by
      occult haemorrhage from the gastrointestinal tract. There was a 36 hours' period
      between the onset of visual field defects of the two eyes. The ocular signs have
      thrown light on the grave anaemic condition. The internal state of the patient
      was rapidly improving but the visual field defects have remained the same.

PMID- 1078864
TI  - [The border lines between the 3 forms of trichromaticity in anomaloscopic
      examinations (author's transl)].
AB  - After presentation of the up to date knowledge on transition form between normal
      and protanomalous trichromates as well as the gap between normal and
      deuteranomalous trichromates and author reports on 20,000 investigations of his
      own on colour vision. Registration of all special cases since 1957 are presented.
      With reference to the large material it is found that, when all important factors
      of this investigation are condidred, there is a relatively sharp border between
      normal and the deuteranomalous at an Ag of 1.75, whereas in the transitional zone
      of Ag 0.4-0.85 there is marked overlapping between protanomalous and normal
      trichromates especially in the region of Ag 0.6-0.8. Whereas a differentiation
      between normal and the deuteranomalous is easily made through the Ag further
      methods, especially observation of the position of the yellow serew of the
      anomaloscope. Are always required to differentiate between normal and
      protanomalous trichromates.

PMID- 1078865
TI  - Gastric mucosal ischemia in experimental stress ulcer.

PMID- 1078866
TI  - Revascularization of the stenotic left main coronary artery and impaired left
      ventricle.
AB  - The high mortality rate associated with revascularization for stenosis of the
      left main coronary artery and impairment of the left ventricle (classes III and
      IV) has been significantly reduced by a twofold approach: combating hypotension
      during induction of anesthesia and preventing ischemia resulting from anoxic
      arrest, often needed to facilitate the insertion of the left coronary
      anastomoses. These two goals have been successfully achieved by (1) a readiness
      to institute circulatory assist by means of femoral-to-femoral cardiopulmonary
      bypass and (2) augmentation of coronary flow through immediate insertion of a
      vein graft between the aorta and right coronary artery, if the anatomy permits.

PMID- 1078868
TI  - Angina: when should you suggest bypass surgery?

PMID- 1078867
TI  - Multiple myeloma. A clinical review.
AB  - This group of proliferative diseases of the plasma cell line, in which
      manifestations of abnormal immunoglobulin production are associated with variable
      degrees of depressed antibody synthesis, pose fascinating problems crossing many
      clinical and research disciplines. The present state of diagnosis and clinical
      management is assessed.

PMID- 1078869
TI  - Letter: Role of sialystransferases in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1078870
TI  - Letter: Sialylation in antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1078871
TI  - Letter: Lymphocyte rosette formation and lung lesions.

PMID- 1078872
TI  - Letter: B lymphocytes in the thymus of patients with myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 1078873
TI  - Letter: Rough endoplasmic reticulum in T lymphocytes stimulated with pokeweed
      mitogen.

PMID- 1078874
TI  - Phako emulsification of the cataractous lens.

PMID- 1078875
TI  - Acupuncture and acupuncture anaesthesia.

PMID- 1078876
TI  - Some observations on the supply of surgical gauze and associated hospital
      products.

PMID- 1078877
TI  - Swab performance.

PMID- 1078878
TI  - A survey on the availability of part-time staff in relation to lists in the
      operating theatres.

PMID- 1078879
TI  - Operating room management in Canada and U.S.A. Report of study tour.

PMID- 1078880
TI  - The Nursing Education and Research Fellowship Fund.

PMID- 1078881
TI  - T-cell populations with different functions.

PMID- 1078882
TI  - Nonspecific and specific immunosuppression in tumour-bearing mice by soluble
      immune complexes.

PMID- 1078883
TI  - Separation of cells involved in phytohaemagglutinin-induced mitogenesis and
      cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1078884
TI  - In vivo interaction of the Kunitz protease inhibitor and of insulin with
      subcellular structures from rat renal cortex.
AB  - Rats were injected with labeled Kunitz protease inhibitor and killed at various
      times thereafter.  Radioactivity was measured in various fractions of kidney
      homogenates in order to study the time-dependent fixation to different cell
      organelles, expecially the transition from the brush border to lysosome fraction.
      With short survival periods (up to 5 min), the renal protease inhibitor is
      recovered nearly completely with the brush border fraction.  With longer periods,
      a shift towards particles with higher densities and higher beta-glucuronidase
      activities takes place.  Similar results have been achieved with insulin. 
      Lysosomes were prepared and subfractionated following i. v. administration of the
      protease inhibitor or insulin.  The radioactivity of the peptides was found in
      the lysosomal range of density.  According to our present and previous results,
      the renal pathway of the protease inhibitor consists of 3 steps: binding to the
      brush border, reabsorption into micropinocytotic vesicles and phagosomes, and
      final enrichment in phagolysosomes with subsequent degradation.  We suggest this
      type of transport to be representative for peptides in general.

PMID- 1078885
TI  - Thromboembolism in pregnancy.
AB  - Eighteen patients were given carefully controlled intravenous heparin for
      thromboembolic disease of pregnancy. Thirteen were treated in later gestation and
      postparium, mainly following warfin therapy. One was treated in early pregnancy
      and 4 in the postpartum period. Heparin was delivered by constant infusion and
      dosage regulated by maintaining the thrombin time at 2 to/ times normal. Therapy
      was stopped for a few hours before and after delivery so that the thrombin time
      was normal or nearly normal at birth. Two minor episodes of thrombosis recurred
      in 1 patient while on warfarin, and significant postpartum bleeding occurred in
      one other. Substituting heparin for warfarin in late gestation was of value in
      preventing neonatal bleeding complications.

PMID- 1078886
TI  - [Clinical forms of congenital duplication of the small intestine].

PMID- 1078887
TI  - [Damage to the vestibular organ caused by mushroom poisoning].

PMID- 1078888
TI  - [Error in diagnosis of primary tuberculous complex in children].

PMID- 1078889
TI  - [Most frequent complications observed in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1078890
TI  - [Action of electrohydraulic wave on the walls of the bladder and urethra].

PMID- 1078891
TI  - Concepts of coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1078892
TI  - Isolation of a polypeptide that has lymphocyte-differentiating properties and is
      probably represented universally in living cells.
AB  - A polypeptide of 8500 molecular weight is described that induces the
      differentiation of T (thymus-derived) cell and B (bone-marrow-derived) cell
      immunocytes in vitro, apparently via beta-adrenergic receptors and adenylate
      cyclase activation. This polypeptide shows a high degree of evolutionary
      conservation, exhibiting close structural, functional, and immunological
      similarity when isolated from such diverse origins as cells of mammals and higher
      plants. This polypeptide was detected in animal cells, yeast, bacteria, and
      higher plants, and so may well be a universal constituent of living cells.

PMID- 1078893
TI  - The immunobiology of skin cancer.
AB  - The immunobiology of skin cancer was studied with thymus-dependent lymphocyte (T
      cell) levels (an in vitro measure of cellular immunity), with lymphocytic
      infiltration (LI) of the tumor (an in vivo measure of host-tumor relationship),
      and with HL-A typing (a genetic measure of histocompatibility). The T cell levels
      in preoperative patients with squamous (SCC) and basal (BCC) cell carcinoma were
      significantly lower than in the non-cancer control population (normals). The T
      cell levels were significantly lower in patients with large tumors than in those
      with small tumors. The T cell levels remained significantly low in patients cured
      of large tumors, but were normal in those cured of small tumors. Patients with
      Bowen's disease not only had T cell levels significantly lower than normal (as a
      group), but there was also a significant increase in the number of patients who
      had T cell levels less than two standard deviations below the normal mean. This
      may signify that they have a greater risk of developing a second kind of
      malignancy elsewhere. There was a direct correlation between the degree of
      lymphocytic infiltration (LI) of the tumor, the tumor size, and the T cell level.
      Small, well-localized tumors had a marked LI and high T cell levels--while the
      large, deeply invasive tumors had a minimal, or absent, LI and low T cell levels.
      The presence of HL-A antigens 1 and 8 correlated both with a tendency toward
      large tumors and with low T cell levels. This may represent the association of a
      human immune response gene with the human histocompatibility locus. Possibilities
      for the application of these findings in the clinical management of skin cancer
      are discussed.

PMID- 1078894
TI  - Androgenetic haploid development produced by ruby laser irradiation of anuran
      ova.

PMID- 1078895
TI  - Agenesis of the corpus callosum with interhemispheric cyst.
AB  - The radiographic features of a cerebral malformation are presented. The major
      findings are absence of the corpus callosum, a large interhemispheric cyst, and
      ventricular dilatation. This cerebral dysplasia originates in the first trimester
      of fetal development resulting in gross psychomotor deficiencies and seizure
      disorders. Diagnosis which depends predominantly on encephalographic or
      ventriculographic findings enables formulation of a guarded prognosis.

PMID- 1078896
TI  - Aneurysms of the small pancreatic arteries: a cause of upper abdominal pain and
      intestinal bleeding.
AB  - Aneurysms of the smaller splanchnic arteries, though rare, are of great
      significance because of the high mortality rate associated with rupture of these
      vessels. Such aneurysms often occur in patients with pancreatitis or pancreatic
      pseudocysts. Four cases are presented to demonstrate the preoperative diagnosis
      of this entity by selective arteriography.

PMID- 1078897
TI  - Xerographic applications in neuroradiology. A comparison with conventional film
      imaging.
AB  - The capacity of electrostatic imaging for edge enhancement and wide latitude
      recording can improve visualization in neuroradiologic studies using low
      differential absorption contrast agents. Gas myelography and
      pneumoencephalography show the most satisfactory improvement in visualization.
      Tomography combined with xerography enhances definition further, but with gas
      myelography, especially in the thoracic region, plain xeroradiographic definition
      is frequently diagnostic.

PMID- 1078898
TI  - Fracture of the first rib as a complication of midline sternotomy.
AB  - Fracture of the first rib occurred in six patients after cardiac surgery through
      a midline sternotomy. Two of the fractures could not be seen on the chest films
      and were demonstrated only on oblique radiographs of the cervical spine. Symptoms
      simulating myocardial infarction and/or pulmonary embolism were present in three
      of the six cases. In a review of 50 randomly selected cases of midline
      sternotomy, first-rib fractures were found in 3(6%).

PMID- 1078899
TI  - [Digestive hemorrhages and urological surgery. Apropos of 11 observations].

PMID- 1078900
TI  - [Our experiences in the use of sonodynator].

PMID- 1078901
TI  - [Pathologic anatomy of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1078902
TI  - [Clinical aspects and course of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1078903
TI  - [Radiological aspects of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1078904
TI  - [Hemorrhagic rectocolitis. The psychic component and its interpretation].

PMID- 1078905
TI  - [Cutaneous manifestations of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1078906
TI  - [Articular manifestations of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1078907
TI  - [Ocular manifestations of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1078908
TI  - [Hemorrhagic rectocolitis. General orientation of diagnosis].

PMID- 1078909
TI  - [Medical treatment of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1078910
TI  - [Hemorrhagic rectocolitis. Definition, signs and symptoms and, pathogenic
      theories].

PMID- 1078911
TI  - [Surgical treatment of hemorrhagic rectocolitis].

PMID- 1078912
TI  - The bleeding newborn.

PMID- 1078913
TI  - One hundred consecutive operations for diverticulitis of the colon.
AB  - This report describes 100 consecutive patients treated surgically for
      diverticulitis of the colon. The main indications for operation were recurrent
      attacks (33), rapid progressive symptoms (17), bleeding (16), palpable mass (14),
      or combinations of the above. Eighty-four patients had primary resection (two
      deaths), ten had staged procedure (two deaths), and six had Hartmann procedures
      (one death). The mortality was highest in staged procedures as this group of
      patients included those with complications resulting in the greatest operative
      risks. No deaths occurred in the elective cases. In 25 cases, various
      complications developed. The most common was wound infection and sepsis. The five
      deaths in the series are reported in detail with an evaluation of possible
      alternative methods of treatment. Follow-up of the series showed only one
      recurrence in the two years after operation.

PMID- 1078914
TI  - The clinical presentation of mesenteric vascular disease.
AB  - The clinical presentation of 17 patients with mesenteric vascular disease
      admitted to Mount Sinai Medical Center was reviewed. The signs and symptoms were
      similar in most cases. However, the acute onset of the symptom triad of abdominal
      pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools in an elderly patient should make one suspect
      the possibility of mesenteric vascular disease. The gross and light microscopic
      appearance of the intestinal tract was characterized by hemorrhagic infarcts
      regardless of the cause of the bowel ischemia. Mortality from this disease
      remains high, with only four of our 17 patients alive four months after
      operation.

PMID- 1078915
TI  - Letter: Clot retraction in von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1078916
TI  - [Aortocoronary vein bypass in angina pectoris].

PMID- 1078917
TI  - Slow fibers in the frog cruralis muscle.
AB  - Extrafusal slow fibers have been identified by electron microscopy in a muscle
      fiber bundle isolated from the anterior head (m. cruralis) of the triceps femoris
      of Rana pipiens. Light microscopic examination of this muscle revealed two
      equally numerous fiber types, one Fibrillenstruktur-like (twitch) and the other
      structureless (slow). A comparison of force developed by tetanic stimulation and
      by K+ depolarization also suggested approximately equal numbers of twitch and
      slow fibers.

PMID- 1078918
TI  - Intrauterine thymectomy in guinea pig.

PMID- 1078919
TI  - [Variability of heat resistance of frog muscle tissue in Ringer's solution].
AB  - The variability in the initial level of heat resistance of muscles was found to
      decrease with increase in the duration of keeping the frogs in vivarium. However,
      the variability in the resistance of isolated muscles kept in Ringer's solution
      during 90 min. is independent of this factor and lesser than the initial one. The
      data obtained suggest that the narrowing of the variability in the resistance of
      muscles kept in Ringer's solution is determined by the dispersion of the initial
      level of the resistance. This phenomenon is only observed when the individual
      variability in the resistance of muscles is sufficiently high immediately after
      their isolation.

PMID- 1078920
TI  - Stages of vegatative afferentation in reorganization of bladder control during
      intravesical electrotherapy.
AB  - 420 patients were treated with transurethral, intravesical electrotherapy to
      improve the function of paralyzed urinary bladder. Normal conscious micturition
      control was obtained by 314 patients. This electrotherapy contrasts sharply in
      method and goal with all implanted pacemakers or inserted electric plugs. Nor
      does the therapy have anything in common with various bladder training methods.
      The aim of therapy is to recreate vegetative afferentation from the bladder to
      the CNS. Reactivation of the intramural bladder receptors and facilitation
      processes plays an important part in establishing normal bladder control.

PMID- 1078921
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy in horses.

PMID- 1078922
TI  - Hearing levels of U.S. youths 12-17 years.

PMID- 1078923
TI  - [Iron deficiency and its clinical sequelae].

PMID- 1078924
TI  - [The presence of scleroderma and chronic lymphadenosis concurrently in a patient
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This report deals with the case of a 50 year-old woman with long-standing
      scleroderma of the acral-asphyxial type with a relatively slight tendency to
      progression. Chronic lymphadenosis has been an additional feature of this case
      over the past few years. The following findings appear of particular interest:
      autoimmune phenomena in the form of antinuclear antibodies, a virtually
      monoclonal proliferation of B-lymphocytes and a relative T-lymphocyte deficiency.
      It is suggested that both conditions may be pathogenetically connected with an
      immunologically defined insufficiency of the lymphocytic system. Hence, in view
      of this observation, it may not be correct to consider scleroderma a
      "paraneoplastic phenomenon".

PMID- 1078925
TI  - [Echoventriculographic studies in the early-summer meningoencephalitis].

PMID- 1078926
TI  - [Late results of treating patients with closed cranio-cerebral trauma complicated
      bby subarachnoid hemorrhage].

PMID- 1078927
TI  - [The pharmacologic basis of the antidepressive activity of the new psychotropic
      preparation pyrazidol].

PMID- 1078928
TI  - Proceedings: Clinic and course of erosions of the gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1078929
TI  - Coronary artery anatomy before and after direct revascularization surgery:
      clinical and cinearteriographic studies in 67 selected patients.
AB  - This report relates the postoperative clinical and cineangiographic status of 67
      patients selected from a total of 202 patients who underwent coronary artery
      surgery at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital from July, 1970, to July, 1972. The
      mean interval after operation was 12.6 months. Ninety-one per cent of the 67
      patients were improved from their preoperative status. Forty-eight patients (71
      per cent) were studied to evaluate recurrence of mild to moderate angina or
      occurrence of interval myocardial infarction, and 19 patients (29 per cent) were
      entirely asymptomatic. In the 67 patients studied, 112 coronary arteries received
      a total of 115 grafts. (There were 89 ungrafted coronary arteries.) Total graft
      patency rate for the 58 patients in whom angina was totally or significantly
      relieved was 65 per cent. However, one or more grafts were patent in 52 (90 per
      cent) of these 58 patients. In grafted arteries, progression was found in
      segments proximal to the graft in 37 per cent of arteries, at the site of
      anastomosis in 10 per cent, and distal to the site of anastomosis in 17 per cent.
      The frequency of obstruction distal to the site of anastomosis was not
      significantly different from the frequency of progression in nongrafted arteries,
      in contrast to preliminary data from this laboratory. Overall and regional
      progression in grafted arteries appeared to occur primarily within the first four
      months after surgery and was found, thereafter, in a constand percentage of
      vessels studied. Progression in coronary arteries was independent of patency or
      occlusion of the graft to the vessel. It is hypothesized that while proximal
      progression is probably a consequence of altered hydraulic factors, distal
      lesions seem to represent natural progression of atherosclerotic disease.

PMID- 1078930
TI  - Variant angina pectoris: a clinical and coronary arteriographic spectrum.
AB  - The clinical course and coronary arteriographic findings in eight patients with
      Prinzmetal's variant angina pectoris are reviewed and contrasted to previously
      reported cases.  In six patients with S-T-elevation inferiorly, three had normal
      coronary arteriograms, one had complete right coronary artery occlusion, one had
      diffuse triple-vessel disease, and one did not undergo coronary arteriography. 
      In two patients with S-T-elevation anteriorly, severe stenosis of the anterior
      descending coronary artery was present.  Medical treatment in four patients and
      surgical revascularization of the anterior descending coronary artery in two
      patients were both accompanied by marked symptomatic improvement.  Spontaneous
      loss of angina occurred in two patients.  During 17 months' mean follow-up, seven
      patients have remained free of angina and one died suddenly.  Variant angina
      pectoris may be accompanied by a variety of coronary arteriographic findings and
      the prognosis appears more favorable than previously reported.

PMID- 1078931
TI  - Inter-coronary steal syndrome resulting from aortocoronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1078932
TI  - Bilateral arteriosclerotic coronary arterial aneurysms successfully treated with
      saphenous vein bypass grafting.
AB  - A man with ischemic heart disease was discovered to have bilateral coronary
      arterial aneurysms that were sucessfully treated with saphenous vein grafting.
      Preoperative coronary arteriograms revealed a tight luminal stenosis at the
      proximal end of the large aneurysm in the left anterior descending artery,
      suggesting poststenotic dilatation as an etiologic or contributing factor. The
      right coronary artery was totally occluded proximally, but was noted to be
      aneurysmal at operation. This is the 14th published case of nonfistulous coronary
      arterial aneurysm diagnosed in vivo, and the first associated with proximal
      luminal stenosis.

PMID- 1078933
TI  - Bilateral nonfistulous congenital coronary arterial aneurysms.
AB  - A 15 year old boy collapsed and died after participating in a basketball game.
      Autopsy revealed bilateral congenital coronary arterial aneurysms. The diagnosis
      was made post mortem but, retrospectively, might have been suspected during life,
      even before angiography. The clues to the correct diagnosis were chest pain, a
      systolic and diastolic murmur and a mass on the right heart border in the chest
      roentgenogram.

PMID- 1078934
TI  - Ampicillin in Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. Clinicopharmacologic evaluation
      of intramuscular vs intravenous administration.
AB  - Sixty-two children with Haemophilus meningitis were treated with ampicillin
      sodium, 200 mg/kg/day for ten days. Thirty-one received the drug intravenously
      (IV) for ten days; the other 31 patients received ampicillin IV for five days
      (except for one test dose given intramuscularly [IM] on day 2) followed by IM
      administration of ampicillin the last five days. Ampicillin concentrations in
      cerebrospinal fluid (SCF) were higher one hour after IV administration, but at
      two and four hours, concentrations were greater after IM doses. Responses to
      therapy and rates of complications were similar in the two groups. Fourteen
      patients had positive CSF cultures on day 2. Ten of these were isolated only on
      Levinthal medium and would have been overlooked with routine culture methods. All
      organisms were ampicillin-susceptible and all CSF cultures were negative by 48
      hours. More patients with delayed sterilization had neurologic sequelae (78%)
      than patients with prompt CSF sterilization (13%). The schedule of five days of
      IV treatment followed by five days of IM therapy was pharmacologically and
      clinically as effective as ten days of IV therapy and has practical advantages.

PMID- 1078935
TI  - Crohn's disease of the colon. II. Controversial aspects of hemorrhage, anemia and
      rectal involvement in granulomatous disease involving the colon.
AB  - In 160 cases with granulomatous colitis or ileocolitis, blood was found in the
      stool in 72 or 45%. Massive bleeding occurred in four patients (25%); overt
      bleeding in 51 (32%) and occult bleeding, repeated guaiac positive stools, in 17
      (11%). Thus, clinically obvious bleeding occurred in about one patient in three.
      Of the four patients with massive hemorrhage one required subtotal colectomy, one
      right hemicolectomy and the other two were controlled by medical measures
      including blood transfusion. In each of the surgical cases, the massive bleeding
      originated in the region of the cecum. An additional patient, not in the series,
      required proctectomy as a life-saving measure following subtotal colectomy.
      Clinically obvious rectal bleeding in Crohn's colitis is approximately ten times
      as frequent as in regional enteritis but only one-third as frequent as in
      ulcerative colitis. There was no correlation between rectal bleeding and rectal
      involvement determined radiologically or by signoidoscopy, in the whole series
      but there was a strong association in the small group of Crohn's colitis with
      rectal involvement (86% with bleeding) and a significantly greater proportion of
      patients with colitis with rectal involvement and hemorrhage (P smaller than
      0.02). Anemia is common in both groups but in Crohn's colitis it is almost
      always, 75%, associated with rectal blood loss, whereas in ileocolitis this
      association is much less marked, 40%, indicating other important causes of anemia
      when there is small bowel disease. The bleeding patient with Crohn's colitis
      should be managed medically initially. Uncontrollable, continuous, or massive
      hemorrhage may require angiography and early surgical intervention.

PMID- 1078937
TI  - Gastric mucosal lacerations from blunt trauma to the abdomen.
AB  - A 17-year old, Caucasian male, high school student sustained gastric mucosal
      lacerations from blunt trauma to the abdomen during a football game with
      associated severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding.  The lacerations were
      diagnosed by endoscopy and treated conservatively with uneventful, rapid and
      complete recovery.

PMID- 1078936
TI  - Hemorrhagic erosive gastritis.  A clinical study.
AB  - Four hundred consecutive patients, in a representative Southern California
      population, hospitalized for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, had endoscopic
      examinations performed within 24 hours of arrival in the emergency room.  Seventy
      four (18.5 percent) of these were found to have the typical lesions of acute
      hemorrhagic erosive gastritis.  The clinical spectrum of this group is examined
      and a comparison made with a Veterans Hospital population reported previously.

PMID- 1078938
TI  - Atypical retinitis pigmentosa masquerading as a nerve fiber bundle lesion.
AB  - "Sector" or "asymmetric" retinitis pigmentosa was mistaken as bilateral nerve
      fiber bundle defects in a 56-year-old man for six years, leading to an
      unnecessary work-up for anterior visual pathway disease and to an incorrect
      diagnosis of low-tension glaucoma. Confusion arises because this variant may
      present with  bilateral, superior, half-ring visual field defects that intersect
      the blindspots. These defects may be misplotted as typical arcuate Bjerrum's
      scotomas. The ophthalmoscopic changes that correspond to these visual field
      defects may be so subtle as to be overlooked. Fluorescein angiography helps bring
      out the retinal lesions, and moderately subnormal electroretinographic and dark
      adaptation studies are definitive.

PMID- 1078939
TI  - Exogenous fungal endophthalmitis caused by Paecilomyces.
AB  - A 17-year-old white boy developed a fulminating corneal infection and
      endophthalmitis in his left eye after trauma. He was treated with antibiotics and
      corticosteroids for one week prior to diagnosis. A saprophytic fungus,
      Paecilomyces viridis, was cultured from corneal scrapings and was demonstrated in
      the vitreous cavity by histopathologic examination.

PMID- 1078940
TI  - Editorial: Retrobulbar neuritis revisited.

PMID- 1078941
TI  - Amoebic rectal bleeding in children.

PMID- 1078942
TI  - Ba++ on the resting frog stomach: effects on electrical and secretory parameters.
AB  - Ba++ added to the nutrient solution bathing the resting frog stomach increased
      resistance, decreased the PD, and stimulated acid secretion. Under short-circuit
      conditions, the increase in H+-secretory rate was accompanied by a decrease in
      short-circuit current (I-sc). These changes were reversed by NaSCN (10 mM),
      suggesting that Ba++ had not impaired the current-generating mechanism per se.
      Histamine-induced acid secretion was associated with an increase in net Cl- flux,
      particularly in the N yields S flux (JNS). Ba++ increased acid secretion with no
      increase in JNS and a decrease in net Cl- flux. The effects of Ba++ were
      amplified by low-Cl- solutions. Histamine, in the presence of Ba++ and low-Cl-
      solutions, increased acid secretion and transmucosal resistance, suggesting the
      operation of a neutral pump in the secretion of HCl. It is concluded that Ba++
      limits Cl- entry and also acts as a secretagogue.

PMID- 1078943
TI  - Effects of bile salts on amphibian gastric mucosa.
AB  - The effect of five different bile salts on the mucosal or serosal surface of
      isolated bullfrog gastric mucosa was investigated. Serosal exposure (30 min) to
      15-40 mM taurocholate (TCA) or taurodeoxycholate (TDCA), 10-40 mM deoxycholate
      (DCA), or 2.5-7.5 mM cholate (CA) typically produced a marked increase in
      resistance (R) and a decrease in potential difference (PD), short-circuit current
      (I-sc), and H+ secretion. Flux of 36Cl from serosal to mucosal solution decreased
      progressively. The flux of [14C]sucrose across the mucosa was slightly decreased.
      Microscopy showed condensation of the parietal cells. Mucosal exposure (30 min)
      at concentrations above 2.5 mM DCA or CA and 15 mM TCA and TDCA caused a marked
      decrease in R, PD, I-sc, and H+ secretion, and the flux of [14C]sucrose across
      the mucosa was increased. Extreme destruction of the surface mucous cells was the
      primary histologic finding. The effect of dehydrocholate was identical to that of
      TCA. Mucosal bile salts cause an increased permeability primarily by injury of
      the surface epithelium whereas serosal bile salts affected primarily the oxyntic
      cells.

PMID- 1078944
TI  - Angiography of cerebellar hemorrhage secondary to hypertension.
AB  - In a patient with cerebellar hemorrhage due to hypertension, deterioration may be
      so rapid there is not sufficient time for radiographic studies prior to
      craniectomy. In the less critically ill patient, posterior fossa angiography is
      the procedure of choice and is highly accurate in localizing the mass lesion.
      Angiography is particularly helpful in the patient with an atypical presentation
      because an etiology of the hemorrhage other than hypertension may be
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1078945
TI  - Isoproterenol in offsetting adverse effects of vasopressin in cirrhotic patients.
AB  - Vasopressin administered as a peripheral infusion (40 U/hr) significantly reduced
      portal vein pressure in ten awake patients with cirrhosis and portal
      hypertension. A vasopressin-induced reduction in cardiac output occurred in five
      of the ten patients (50 per cent). Vasopressin-induced changes in systemic
      arterial pressure, heart rate, and portal venous pressure were independent of
      alterations in cardiac output. When the five patients with vasopressin-induced
      reductions in cardiac output were given a combination of vasopressin and
      isoproterenol, cardiac output was maintained and the reduction in portal vein
      pressure was equal to that observed with unopposed vasopressin therapy. Thus, the
      addition of isoproterenol prevented a vasopressin-induced reduction in cardiac
      output while permitting vasopressin to reduce portal vein pressure.

PMID- 1078946
TI  - Mesenteric arterial infusions of vasopressin for hemorrhage from colonic
      diverticulosis.
AB  - Twenty-four patients with massive rectal hemorrhage and known or subsequently
      proved colonic diverticular disease had the bleeding site localized by mesenteric
      angiography and received intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin to arrest the
      bleeding. In twenty-two patients the bleeding was controlled with the vasopressin
      infusion whereas in the remaining two, hemorrhage did not stop and surgery was
      performed. Of the twenty-two patients in whom bleeding was arrested by
      vasopressin infusion, twelve received no further surgical therapy, five had
      elective prophylactic surgical resection after a period of hemostasis, and the
      remaining five underwent segmental resection for bleeding that recurred after
      cessation of the infusion. Of the twelve patients who were not operated on, three
      had rebleeding two, four, and twelve months after vasopressin infusion and two of
      these three patients required surgery. The remaining nine have had no recurrent
      bleeding for periods ranging from seven to thirty-four months. Of ten patients
      who had segmental resection after precise localization of the bleeding site and
      initial control with vasopressin, no one has had recurrent hemorrhage for periods
      ranging from two to eighteen months.

PMID- 1078947
TI  - Duodenal hematoma. Critical analysis of recent treatment technics.
AB  - Analysis of the fifty-six cases of duodenal hematoma reported since 1966 shows a
      significant rise in incidence, with uncertainty regarding the most appropriate
      approaches to therapy. The diagnosis can generally be made by recognizing the
      "coil spring" sign on upper gastrointestinal series. Thirty-four per cent of the
      patients reviewed were treated successfully with conservative management. Sixty
      two per cent were treated surgically. Fifty-one per cent of the surgical patients
      were treated by simple evacuation of the hematoma, and 12 per cent of these
      required reoperation for recurrent obstruction. Forty per cent of the surgical
      patients were treated by evacuation and gastrojejunostomy, and 21 per cent of
      these required reoperation for marginal ulceration. A previously unreported case
      is presented and a new surgical approach utilizing gastroduodenostomy is
      described, which is believed to offer potentially less risk of subsequent
      marginal ulceration or recurrent duodenal obstruction.

PMID- 1078948
TI  - Clinical appearance of optic disc drusen in childhood.
AB  - In a series of 50 individuals with optic disc drusen diagnosed before the age of
      15, the anomaly occurred most often in the form of an elevation of the whole or
      one part of the optic disc without visible superficial drusen. Superficial drusen
      were seen only in 15 of the 92 eyes with the anomaly. In those 42 subjects in
      whom the anomaly was bilateral, it was seldom symmetrical. The reduced visual
      acuity found in a few cases could be attributed to causes other than the drusen.
      In 10 eyes the anomaly was observed to be associated with visual field defects.
      The age distributions of the subjects with visual field defects and with
      superficial drusen show that they were more common among older children. The
      superficial position of the drusen and the presence of visual field defects do
      not, however, have a close cause-and-effect relationship. A cilioretinal artery
      was observed to co-exist with optic disc drusen with a high frequency, i.e. in
      more than 40 per cent. Other vascular aberrations were also noted in association
      with the optic disc anomaly. Neurological symptoms were the most common cause for
      consultation in the 50 children examined. In more than half of the present cases
      appearance of the optic disc had contributed to the suspicion of an intracranial
      expansive process. A fallacious similarity between the elevation of the optic
      disc caused by buried drusen and optic disc edema caused by increased
      intracranial pressure presents a problem of differential diagnosis, expressly in
      younger children.

PMID- 1078949
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of the zonula apparatus of higher primates. A
      further approach to a new theory of accommodation (author's transl)].
AB  - The architecture of the zonula apparatus of two species of monkeys is studied by
      scanning electron microscopy. Some specimens were treated with pilocarpine
      respectively atropine immediately before enucleation. The zonula consists of two
      functionally different groups of fiber strands, i.e. span and holding bundles
      (after Rohen and Rentsch), the course and structure of which is described in
      detail. After application of atropine the "holding bundles" appear to be
      stretched in the area between the ciliary processes and the lens, whereas after
      pilocarpine application they appear loose and irregularly arranged. Screw-like,
      spiral fiber strands were often seen in the scanning electron microscope. It is
      assumed that the spiral fibers develop in the stage of relaxation of the zonula
      apparatus.

PMID- 1078950
TI  - [Gross anatomy of the vitreous body (author's transl)].
AB  - The anatomical arrangement of vitreous structures in human and animal eyes is
      described on the basis of coinciding findings of histological examinations,
      biomicroscopy and the "optical dissection" of unfixed vitreous specimens. The
      "funnel" of the primary vascular vitreous disappears completely during
      development. The vitreous cavity is filled with secondary vitreous. Its structure
      in nearly homogeneous, containing "holes" of low density at all sites where the
      structure of a normal inner retinal surface is altered. During postnatal
      development the secondary vitreous forms a new funnel system, consisting of zones
      of different density and of membranelles (vitreous tracts). Before completion of
      this funnel system, destruction of the vitreous gel begins and confuses the
      typical arrangement. Postnatal vitreous structures include: zones of different
      density: preretinal zone, intermediary zone, retrolental zone; holes (of low
      density): prepapillary hole, prefoveal hole, prevascular fissures, vitreous
      tracts (of high density): preretinal tract, median tract, coronary tract,
      retrolental tract ("hyaloid" tract). The pattern of the "holes" strongly suggests
      that the framework is formed by retinal elements.

PMID- 1078951
TI  - [Inhibition of corneal metabolism by glucocorticosteroids. An in vitro study
      (author's transl)]?14Hemmung des Hornhautstoffwechals durch Glukocorticosteroide.
      Eine in vitro Studie.
AB  - Cortisone and its derivates demonstrates influence to the metabolism of
      connective tissue. In this in vitro-study the action of water soluble
      Dexamethason (Schering) to corneal tissue is quantitatively determined.
      Incorporation of radioactive sulfate into the glycosaminoglycanes and the sulfate
      hexosamine-quotient of keratansulfate and chondroitinsulfate is pointed out. 1. A
      2 times 10-7 M Dexamethason-concentration and 6 hours incubation time causes
      reducing of sulfate incorporation in the case of keratansulfate (I) about 94 per
      cent and chondroitinsulfate (II) about 89 percent compared to nontreated control.
      Increasing concentration of Dexamethason leads the inhibition of sulfate
      incorporation to 66 per cent (I) and 63 per cent (II) respectively. Removing the
      epithelium from the stroma before incubation the Dexamethason concentration and 6
      h incubation time only 84 percent and 80 per cent radioactive sulfate is found in
      keratansulfate and chondroitinsulfate. An increasing Dexamethason concentration
      leads to inhibition of 55 per cent (I) and 46 per cent (II) respectively. 2. A
      comparable inhibition of sulfate incorporation is demonstrated with constant
      Dexamethason concentration and variable duration of incubation. A 1 hour
      incubation reduced incorporation of sulfate to 89 per cent for keratansulfate and
      81 per cent for chondroitinsulfate. The 24 hours incubation inhibits
      incorporation to 69 per cent (I) and 65 per cent (II) respectively.

PMID- 1078952
TI  - Electrical injuries to the eye.
AB  - The effect of electric current on the eyes of experimental animals was studied.
      An apparatus was constructed to allow single and multiple shock exposures from 0
      to 600 volts at variable exposure times. The current was measured on a Tectronex
      Storage Oscilloscope. Mature Dutch rabbits were used as experimental animals.
      When rabbit eyes were subjected to a current of 500 volts for no less than 250
      milliseconds and 400 milliamperes or more, a permanent decrease in the amplitude
      of the b-wave of the Electroretinogram resulted in some animals. No histological
      or ophthalmological alterations in the retina, optic nerve or vasculature could
      be observed using conventional techniques. The cataractogenic properties of
      electric current were also studied. Most previous observations dealing with this
      subject utilized a multiple shock technique--something which is unlikely to occur
      in any accidental exposure. This study focussed on the production of lens changes
      in rabbit eyes following single exposures of measured electric current. The
      biomicroscopic characteristics of these changes were described. Minimal lens
      changes were produced by single shock exposures ranging from 6 to 26 watts per
      second while typical electrical anterior subcapsular cataracts were produced by
      current of 23 to 80 watts per second. Exposure times were mostly 250 milliseconds
      or less since the survival rate of animals subjected to longer exposures made
      such studies unfeasible. Three patients with electrical injuries were presented
      and some of the pertinent literature was reviewed.

PMID- 1078953
TI  - Black hypopyon: report of two cases.
AB  - Two patients are described in whom black hypopyon and black keratic precipitates
      occurred as a result of intraocular melanoma. In one instance the hypopyon was
      due to a clinically unsuspected primary choroidal melanoma in an eye with opaque
      media; in the second case the tumor was metastatic to the uvea froma cutaneous
      melanoma. Histological examination showed the hypopyon to be composed of pigment
      laden macrophages and neoplastic melanoma cells.

PMID- 1078954
TI  - Cholesterolosis of the anterior chamber.
AB  - The clinicopathologic findings in eight eyes with cholesterolosis of the anterior
      chamber are presented.  In five patients the cholesterol was present as an
      anterior chamber deposit or free-floating crystals, or both, and was recognized
      clinically.  In two patients the anterior chamber cholesterol had incited a
      granulomatous inflammatory reaction and was mistaken clinically for lipid
      keratopathy.  Anterior chamber crystals were an incidental laboratory finding in
      the final patient.  Intraocular cholesterol may be present as free crystals or
      contained within foreign body granulomatous inflammation, macrophages, or fibrous
      tissue.  Possible sources of anterior chamber cholesterol crystals are discussed.
      In most cases they seem to be derived from the breakdown of intraocular
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 1078955
TI  - Goniotrepanation (gotrep) and further observations on this operation for chronic
      glaucoma.
AB  - The conclusions from the current data on the goniotrepanation, which are based
      upon the systematic observations on 175 eyes operated on with this microsurgical
      procedure and for a period of 2 to 4 years, can be characterized as follows: a)
      Intraocular pressure regulation obtained in 91 per cent of the cases.  b)
      Avoiding excessive hypotony.  Mean intraocular pressure value postoperatively 12
      to 14 mm Hg.  c) Achieving a regular level filtration site overlying the
      trephination hole, limiting polycystic conjunctival degeneration to 8.5 per cent,
      which is common with the usual filtration procedures.  d) Maintenance of intact
      visual function in a great percentage of the operated eyes, with a decrease in
      visual acuity in 5 per cent without any observable visual deterioration.  e) The
      advantages of goniotrepanation listed above, emanating from observations over a 2
      year period, point explicitly to the effectiveness of this operative procedure
      and explain the survival of goniotrepanation up to the present.

PMID- 1078956
TI  - The screening of the central visual field.
AB  - The Armaly technique, a method of screening for glaucomatous field defects was
      evaluated in 100 normal eyes and 38 selected central field defects using the
      Goldmann perimeter and the Auto-Plot tangent screen. The screening results
      obtained from the Goldmann perimeter and the tangent screen using the selective
      perimetry of Armaly were compared with the results obtained from the Friedmann
      central field analyser.  Testing normal eyes we found the highest initial false
      positive rate with the Friedmann analyser and the lowest initial false positive
      rate with the Auto-Plot tangent screen.  The specificity of the Friedmann
      analyser for detecting early central field changes is less than the Goldmann
      perimeter or the Auto-Plot tangent screen when using Armaly's technique.  On the
      other hand, the Friedmann analyser turned out to be the easiest instrument to
      handle and requires least experiences for the observer.  Some problems of mass
      screening perimetry are discussed.

PMID- 1078957
TI  - [Herpes Simplex Keratitis under the Scanning lectron Microscope(author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 12 rabbits a dendritic keratitis could be provoked by applying a suspension of
      herpes viruses (Herpes virus hominis -- HVH type 1) onto their previously both
      uviolised and non-uviolised corneae. 4 days later ophthalmectomy was performed
      and the corneae were examined by the scanning electron microscope.
      Macroscopically, both in the uviolised eyes and the control eyes punctiform
      lesions of the corneae were observed. After short ray-treatment (3 min) no
      differences were present between the uviolised and non-uviolised eyes. At longer
      time of exposure (7--15 min), however, a more distinct alteration occurred in the
      uviolised eye. The scanning-electron-microscopical picture showed the dendritic
      lesions to be composed of numerous circular foci of 100 to 200 mu. There were no
      differences in the lesions of the uviolised and non-uviolised corneae. The fact
      that after ultraviolet ray-treatment a great part of the epithelial cells is
      sloughed off, but, nevertheless, the same dendritic lesions develop, contradicts
      the assumption of a morphological substrate of the epithelial cells being the
      inducing factor.

PMID- 1078958
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies on the pterygium. I. Epithelium and glands of the
      conjunctival part (author's transl)].
AB  - 13 pterygia from patients aged between 39 and 81 years are studied by electron
      microscopy. The pterygium is covered by a multilayered, highly differentiated
      cylindrocellular epithelium. Arrangement and height of the microvilli of the
      superficial epithelial cells differ from those of the conjunctival epithelium.
      Morphological signs of secretion and resorption are found. As a characteristic
      the basal epithelial cells of the pterygium are rich in metaplasmatic filaments.
      Tubular glands are localised underneath the covering epithelium; they may reach
      the deep substantia propria. Their walls consist of a single layer of cylindrical
      cells. A varying number of goblet-cells are embedded between them. The secretion
      by the epithelial formations of the pterygium is of the merocrine, holocrine and
      microapocrine type.

PMID- 1078959
TI  - [Ultrastructural studies on the pterygium. II. Connective tissue, vessels and
      nerves of the conjunctival part (author's transl)].
AB  - The stromal part of the pterygium is remarkably rich in plasma cells. The
      connective intercellular substance shows two different pathological
      modifications: A clotting together of collagen fibres to broad, osmiophilic,
      elastoid bands and a widening of the spaces containing the granular nonfibrillar
      ground-substance . The vascular system consists mostly of fenestrated sinusoid
      capillaries. Their endothelial cells frequently show degenerative changes and the
      basement membrane of the vessels can be as thick as up to 50--100 fold the normal
      size. For the first time nervous formations could be found in the pterygium.
      Axons of the autonomic system join the basal epithelial cells, where they form
      terminal endings. Encapsulated myelinated and nonmyelinated corpusles probably
      stem from the sensory nervous system.

PMID- 1078960
TI  - [Investigations on the effectiveness of a new antimycotic through experimental
      keratomycosis in rabbits (author's transl)].
AB  - Thirty-two rabbits infected with Fumigatus keratitis were treated for a period of
      10 to 20 days with a new antifungal agent known as "BAY b 5097" (Canesten). It
      was administered to 6 animals (500 mg/kg body weight; 12 eyes) orally; 20
      received unilateral topical treatment. In both groups the therapy failed to
      supress mycosis in the avascular cornea. In topical treatment problems concerning
      common solvents arise: They are unable to reach the intracorneal infection, and
      most of them are incompatible for conjunctival use.

PMID- 1078961
TI  - [Standard candida mycosis in the rabbit eye (author's transl)].
AB  - Whole-body X-irradiation administered to rabbits prior to intracorneal
      inoculation with Candida albicans is required to produce a verifiable mycotic
      keratitis. Damage to the corneal tissue, which in rabbits is generally resistant
      to Candida, can thus be avoided. The mycosis usually lasts for a period of 12 to
      14 days. Twenty-four animals (48 eyes) were infected. The fungi were recultivated
      in 21 animals (24 eyes). All attempts were successful.

PMID- 1078962
TI  - [The unilateral emigration of leukocytes from conjunctival vessels (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The phenomenon of unilateral leukodiapedesis is demonstrated in the irritated
      conjunctiva of rabbits and rhesus-monkeys. The leukocytes will penetrate the
      vessel walls first in the neighbourhood of the irritation. This can be
      demonstrated during the first minutes after the onset of an inflammatory reaction
      only, i.e. prior to a general leukocytosis of the tissue. By fixation with
      glutaraldehyde or osmium-tetroxyde the dynamic movement can be visualized and the
      directions of the irritation and of the migration are obvious in the conjunctiva.
      So this tissue provides an excellent model to demonstrate the unilateral sticking
      and the directed migration of leukocytes through vessel walls, a fact to which
      references seem to be missing in the ophthalmopathologic and pathologic
      literature.

PMID- 1078963
TI  - DC recording of the human corneofundal potential.
AB  - The limitation of an AC technique for the amplification and display of the
      indirectly recorded human corneofundal potential (CFP)is discussed. A Mingograph
      M34 with EMT 12 B preamplifiers (Siemens) has  been tested with regard to a DC
      recording of the CFP. With the same purpose the electrical characteristics of two
      electrode types--a Kaiser lead alloy electrode and a Beckman silver-silver
      chloride cupped electrode--were examined and a suitable preparation of the skin
      contact area indicated. Finally the base line stability was evaluated and a
      comparative study of AC and DC recordings of the CFP presented and subjected to
      statistical anaylsis.

PMID- 1078964
TI  - Investigations on laser coagulated rat eyes by fluorescence angiography and
      microscopy.
AB  - Laser coagulation using 50 and 100 mW of power, a spot of 50 microns and an
      exposure time of 0, 2 seconds were performed on rat eye fundi. We observed the
      effects which were produced in the retina and choroid utilizing both fluorescence
      photomicroscopy with incident excitation light and fluorescence angiography. No
      distinct differences were noticed between the effects produced by 50 and by 100
      mW. Both energies damaged choroid and retina, especially the outer part of the
      retina. Moreover, fluorescein angiography within 24 hours gave us effective
      information for estimating the applied laser effect.

PMID- 1078965
TI  - Alkali and acid burns of the rabbit eye: measurement of aqueous flow by means of
      intravenously injected Na-125 I and Na-131I.
AB  - Rabbit eyes were burned either with 1N NaOH or 1 N HC1. On the fifth day
      following the injury, aqueous humour flow was determined according to a method
      originally described by Becker (1962), using intravenous injection of Na-125I and
      Na-131I in different time intervals. In alkali-burned eyes the main finding was
      stoppage of the aqueous humour flow, probably due to obstruction of outflow
      channels. In acid-burned eyes the significantly elevated diffusion out of the eye
      was probably caused by altered function of the highly irritated and hyperemic
      iris. Results confirmed the previous findings achieved by the rate of
      disappearence of 14-C-glucose injected into the anterior chamber of the burned
      eyes.

PMID- 1078966
TI  - [Glucose and lactate concentration in tears of rabbits following mechanical
      stress and wearing of contact lenses].
AB  - The concentration of glucose and lactat in tears is significantly different after
      slight or strong irritation of the eye. More glucose and lactat can be washed out
      of alterated tissue compared to normal one, although we estimate that the
      metabolits are primary more secreted after irritation. Under soft contact-lenses
      the concentration of both metabolits increase continiously during a certain
      period. Under hard contact-lenses the single measurements are very different. We
      have to estimate many disturbing factors.

PMID- 1078967
TI  - [Ultrasonic biometry and oculopression].
AB  - The changes of the intraocular distances provoked by oculopression (10 min, 40 mm
      HG) were explored by ultrasonic biometry. Immediately after removing the
      oculopressor, a flattening of the anterior chamber and a deepening of the
      vitreous cavity occurred. The maximal deepening of the anterior chamber together
      with the shortening of the vitreous axis appeared 9 min after oculopression on an
      average. The causes of the predominance of the initial lengthening (0.24 mm on an
      average) and of the following shortening (0.16 mm on an average) of the vitreous
      cavity compared with contrary changes of the anterior chamber are discussed.

PMID- 1078968
TI  - This inherited deficiency can lead to a devastating form of emphysema.

PMID- 1078969
TI  - Tumors of the small intestine.
AB  - An analysis of 80 cases of malignant and benign tumors of the small intestine is
      presented, and major clinical features of various histologic lesions are
      discussed. Tumors of the small intestine are rare, and the small bowel may have
      intrinsic protective systems against the development of neoplasms.
      Gastrointestinal bleeding and symptoms of intermittent obstruction are prominent
      findings in patients with symptomatic benign tumors, although many benign tumors
      are incidental findings at operation for an unrelated disease. Benign lesions
      should be removed by local excision. Virtually all malignant tumors are
      symptomatic with abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, anorexia and weight loss,
      and gastrointestinal bleeding being common findings. Earlier diagnosis is
      essential if the prognosis for patients with small intestinal malignancies is to
      be improved. A high degree of suspicion must be aroused with any vague,
      nonspecific gastrointestinal complaints in patients over 40 years of age.
      Exploratory celiotomy should be performed in symptomatic patients even though no
      abnormality may be detected on roentgenographic examination.

PMID- 1078970
TI  - Suppression of T-lymphocyte rosettes by rifampin. Studies in normals and patients
      with tuberculosis.
AB  - Studies of circulating T- and B-lymphocyte rosettes were done in 20 healthy
      controls and 29 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, including 18 receiving
      rifampin chemotherapy. Eight of the 18 patients in the rifampin group (44%) had
      significant suppression of their T-cell rosettes as compared with patients with
      tuberculosis not receiving rifampin (P less than 0.005). Seven of the eight
      patients with suppressed T-cell rosettes had received the drug for longer than 6
      weeks. No significant difference was observed in circulating T- and B-lymphocyte
      rosettes between healthy controls and patients not receiving rifampin.
      Administration of this drug to two healthy subjects in a dosage of 600 mg daily
      for 28 days was associated with suppression of T-lymphocyte rosettes. The maximum
      decreases of 40% and 37% were observed at 14 and 21 days respectively, with
      return to base-line values within 2 weeks of discontinuation of drug therapy;
      this indicates complete reversibility. Long-term sequential studies will be
      required to determine whether T-cell suppression after prolonged therapy with
      rifampin is also reversible or associated with any harmful sequels.

PMID- 1078971
TI  - Direct coronary surgery.

PMID- 1078972
TI  - Pain and its alleviation: summary of a forum.

PMID- 1078973
TI  - Psychogenic rheumatism.

PMID- 1078974
TI  - Respiratory disorders in Tucson: preliminary observations.

PMID- 1078975
TI  - Clinicopathologic case report: ultrastructure of the epithelial dystrophy of
      Meesmann.
AB  - As in previous studies of Meesmann dystrophy, intense vacuolation of the
      epithelium was observed. However, neither histochemical nor electron
      microscopical examination of the specimens showed any evidence of abnormal
      quantities of glycogen or the electron dense peculiar substance of Kuwabara and
      Ciccarelli. Electron microscopy indicated that the basic alteration leading to
      the manifestations of the dystrophy was electron dense bodies in the cytoplasm of
      the basal epithelial cells. These electron dense bodies appeared similar to
      lysosomes. In the more superficial cell layers, the electron dense bodies were
      engulfed by vacuoles that gradually increased in number and size to fill the
      cytoplasm and, finally, destroyed the most superficial cells.

PMID- 1078976
TI  - Hearing loss after head injury.
AB  - This work reports on the hearing loss of 395 patients who were hospitalized after
      brain concussion. The percentage of hearing loss and vestibular disturbances
      appearing after fracture of the temporal bone is higher than in cases with skull
      fractures without fracture of the temporal bone or with brain concussion alone.
      Conductive deafness caused by head injury usually disappears in two months time.
      If conductive deafness remains, the suspicion of dislocation of the ossicular
      bones arises and such patients must undergo an operation. As the cases where
      sensorineural deafness disappeared within six months after head injury were rare,
      final evaluation of the hearing loss can be made one year after the head injury.
      In the majority of cases, vestibular disturbances and positional nystagmus
      disappear within six months after the head injury.

PMID- 1078977
TI  - Acute severe cardiac failure complicating myocardial infarction. Experience with
      100 patients referred for consideration of mechanical left ventricular
      assistance.
AB  - One hundred patients were referred with suspected acute cardiac failure following
      acute myocardial infarction. The diagnosis was confirmed in 72: 31 of these
      patients underwent elective medical treatment, with 2 survivors (6%); 41 were
      accepted for counter pulsation, but 9 died before this could be initiated and
      another 2 died shortly after vain attempts to pass the balloon catheter were
      abandoned; 30 patients underwent counterpulsation with 14 hospital survivors
      (47%). Survivor status was usually good. Results of counter pulsation were better
      in patients who were not shocked (with 5/5 survivors) than in those who were in
      shock (with 9 of 25 survivors). Results support the view that counterpulsation
      (alone or combined with corrective surgery) may play an important role in the
      complications of myocardial infarction provided intervention is early.

PMID- 1078978
TI  - Isolation and identification of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2.
AB  - The chemical synthesis of [3alpha-3H]vitamin D2 of high specific activity has
      been described. With the use of this radioactive material, the existence of a
      polar metabolite believed to be the active form of vitamin D2 in the rat and
      chick has been demonstrated. It has been isolated in pure form from an in vitro
      chick kidney mitochondrial system and identified as 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 by
      means of mass spectrometry, ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry, and
      specific derivative synthesis. Its antirachitic activity equals that of 1,25
      dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the rat.

PMID- 1078979
TI  - Net Clminus flux in short-circuited skin of Rana pipiens: ouabain sensitivity and
      Na+ +K+ dependence.
AB  - Skin of Rama pipiens, like many other species, is considered to actively
      transport only Na+ when bathed in Ringer's solution on both sides. However, net
      Clminus influx was previously described by us in short-circuited skin of Rana
      pipiens, in the summer season. The skins were of low PD (5-30 mV) and high
      Clminus conductance. Comparison of these findings with other series indicated
      inverse seasonal variation between PD and Clminus conductance. It was postulated
      that active Clminus transport exists at all Clminus -conductance levels but at
      higher PD is too small to be easily detected. This report evaluates Clminus
      transport across skins of higher PD (and lower conductance) in winter and further
      characterizes the system. Net Clminus influx was demonstrated over a wide PD
      range under short-circuit conditions and was inversely related to the magnitude
      of the open-circuit PD. It was inhibited by ouabain and dependent upon Na+ in the
      outside medium and K+ in the inside medium. It is concluded that this is the same
      system present in skin of Leptodactylus ocellatus and may not he unique to these
      two species. It appears to be distinctly different from the acetazolamide
      sensitive influx system seen in "low-Clminus" solutions in skins of numerous
      species. The findings are discussed in terms of (1) parallel Na+ and Clminus
      active transport mechanisms and (2) a neutral NaCl-pump model, recently proposed
      by Rehm.

PMID- 1078980
TI  - Dipole moment, enthalpy, and entropy changes of Hodgkin-Huxley type kinetic
      units.
AB  - Dipole moment, enthalpy, and entropy changes were calculated for hypothetical
      structural units which control the opening and closing of ionic channels in axon
      membranes. The changes of these thermodynamic functions were calculated both for
      activation (transition to intermediate complex) and for the structural
      transformation as a whole. The calculations are based on the experimentally
      determined Q10 values and the empirical formulae for the rate constants (alpha's
      and beta's) as functions of membrane potentials in Hodgkin-Huxley type models.
      From the calculated thermodynamic functions we suggest that the specific
      structural units of the axon membranes are probably of macromolecular (possible
      protein-like) dimensions with large dipole moments (hundreds of debyes). The
      calculated dipole moment changes of a single structural unit indicate that in
      many cases these dipole moments saturate at strong depolarizations or
      hyperpolarizations. The transitions in structural units show substantial
      activation enthalpies and entropies but the net enthalpy and entropy changes are
      practically negligible for the transition as a whole, i.e. the structural units
      presumably undergo displacements. While the calculated dipole moment changes
      associated with structural transformations in Loligo and Myxicola show similar
      potential dependencies, those for Rana usually show a different behavior. The
      relevance of the dipole moment changes to gating currents is discussed.

PMID- 1078981
TI  - Further studies of canine von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - Additional characterization of von Willebrand's disease (VWD) in a family of
      German shepherd dogs is presented. Genetic studies of three generations of
      affected dogs indicate that about 50% of the progeny are affected if one parent
      has VWD and about 60% if both parents have the defect. Some of these progeny
      manifested an incomplete form of VWD, suggesting autosomal dominant inheritance
      with variable expressivity. The disease become progressively less severe with
      advancing age and repeated pregnancies. Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation
      was significantly reduced in VWD dogs as compared with normal, thrombopathic, and
      hemophilic carrier dogs. Immunodiffusion and electroimmunodiffusion studies with
      rabbit anticanine factor VII showed the level of factor VII-related antigen to be
      low in VWD dogs but present in increased amounts in hemophilic dogs. VWD affected
      dogs had markedly delayed hemostatic plug formation, but their plugs appeared
      normal by light and electron microscopy. Their platelet nucleotides, ATP/ADP
      ration, and platelet protein content were normal. Platelet and fibrinogen
      survival times with [75Se] selenomethionine were also normal, although platelets
      from VWD dogs incorporated more radioactivity than did those from normal dogs or
      from dogs with incomplete VWD.

PMID- 1078982
TI  - Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA): Response of three patients of cyclophosphamide
      and/or antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) and demonstration of two types of serum IgG
      inhibitors to erythropoiesis.
AB  - Three cases of adult pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) ARE REPORTED. All patients
      proved refractory to various combinations of androgens and corticosteroids. The
      first case, harboring a thymoma, showed a complete clinical remission following
      cyclophosphamide therapy. The second and third responded similarly to either a
      combined cyclophosphamide + antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) treatment or to ALG
      administration preceded by a small dosage of cyclophosphamide, which had proved
      ineffective when administered alone. Serum IgG inhibitors to erythropoiesis were
      demonstrated in all cases by  means of in vivo and/or in vitro techniques. The
      inhibitor(s), although directed against the erythroid marrow in both the first
      and third patients (PRCA type A), apparently functioned as an antibody to
      circulating erythropoientin (Ep) in the second case (PRCA type B). The
      inhibitor(s) was always absent in postremission samples. Additionally,
      experimental models for both types of human PRCA were established in normal
      rodents. The present studies support the contention that adult PRCA is an
      autoimmune disease. The therapeutic role of cytotoxic-immunodepressive agents in
      PRCA patients is confirmed. It is emphasized that ALG may represent an additional
      therapeutic tool in cases resistant to cyclophosphamide and/or steroids. In
      addition, cyclophosphamide proved effective in a patient harboring a thymoma not
      amenable to surgery. Finally, it is postulated that IgG serum autoantibodies,
      directed against either an early erythroid precursor (PRCA type A) or, more
      rarely, circulating Ep (PRCA type B), play a major role in the pathogenesis of
      the disease.

PMID- 1078983
TI  - [Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia].
AB  - On account of 2 own observations, main clinical and diagnostic features of Hairy
      cell leukemia (HCL) will be discussed. HCL is a rare, unusual type of chronic
      leukemia and is predominantly particular of middle-aged men. The occurrence of
      middle-sized lymphoid cells having a hairy cytoplasmic edge, and a tartrate
      resistant acid PHOsphatase isoenzyme are the characteristic criteria of the HCL.
      The diffuse infiltration by hairy cells affecting primarily the spleen and bone
      marrow results in anaemia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and splenomegaly.
      Differential diagnosis have to be made in relation to other lymphatic leukemias,
      leukemic malignant lymphomas and monoclonal gammopathies as well as lymphotropic
      viral infections. Immunologic behaviour of hairy cells is like that of B
      lymphocytes. Therefore, the term "leukemic reticuloendotheliosis" should no
      longer be applied.

PMID- 1078984
TI  - Comparative study between endoscopy and radiology in acute upper gastrointestinal
      haemorrhage.
AB  - A total of 158 patients with acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage were
      studied, and the 53 patients on whom emergency endoscopies were performed were
      compared with the remaining 105. The cause of the bleeding was found in 51 of the
      endoscopy group and 39 of the control group. Three patients in the endoscopy
      group and 16 controls died. In the endoscopy group the correct preoperative
      diagnosis was made in all cases and there was less delay before operation. In the
      control group five patients had no diagnosis before operation, the preoperative
      diagnosis was wrong in nine, and five had laparotomies during which no cause of
      bleeding was found. The patients in the endoscopy group who did not have
      operations had a shorter stay in hospital than the controls.

PMID- 1078985
TI  - Letter: Rosette-forming T-lymphocytes in malnutrition.

PMID- 1078986
TI  - Glutamic acid, GABA and their metabolising enzymes in the frog central nervous
      system.
AB  - The regional distribution of 9 amino acids, including glutamate and GABA and
      their metabolising enzymes, has been determined in 5 regions of the frog CNS.
      Glycine was relatively concentrated in the spinal cord whereas the highest
      concentration of each of the other amino acids was found in the midbrain. There
      was a good correlation between the activity of l-glutamate-1-carboxylase (GAD)
      and the level of GABA in all regions examined and both were concentrated in the
      midbrain. There was little regional variation in the distribution of 4
      aminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate transaminase (GABA-T).

PMID- 1078987
TI  - Impulse discharges from flocculus Purkinje cells of alert rabbits during visual
      stimulation combined with horizontal head rotation.

PMID- 1078988
TI  - [Indications of selective coronarography and selection of patients with ischemic
      heart disease for surgical treatment with aortocoronary by-pass (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1078989
TI  - Penetration and survival of mesocercariae (Alaria spp.) in the mammalian eye.
AB  - A Canadian woman presented with a motile, intra-retinal worm, which by appearance
      and movement was strikingly similar to the mesocercaria of Alaria sp., a
      trematode from frogs. Using these mesocercariae and rabbits this study set out to
      establish 1) whether these mesocercariae can penetrate the cornea, 2) how long
      they might survive within the eye, and 3) what reaction is produced. It was found
      that some penetrated the cornea readily and, after injection, were capable of
      prolonged survival within the eye. Little overt reaction was produced though
      histologically the expected chronic inflammatory reaction with eosinophils
      occurred.

PMID- 1078990
TI  - Ophthalmia nodosa.

PMID- 1078991
TI  - Analysis and reversal of the inhibition of cytophilic antibody receptors produced
      by antibody.
AB  - Administration of hyperimmune antibody to leukemia L1210 to allogeneic mice
      inhibited the development of macrophage-mediated immunity to L1210 in those
      hosts. In contrast to immunized mice, animals pretreated with antibody showed
      rapid activation of their peritoneal macrophages, followed by their disappearance
      and the inability of the residual peritoneal monocytic cells to attach L1210
      cells even in the presence of proved cytophilic antibody to L1210. The inhibitory
      activity of the antibody, which resided entirely in its IgG2 fraction, was
      manifested only when the specific antigen (L1210 cells) was also injected within
      2 days. Pretreatment with antibody to a different leukemia, EL4, failed to
      inhibit the monocytic uptake of L1210, but it did inhibit uptake of EL4 by
      monocytes if injected with its homologous antigen. Restoration of the functional
      capacity of macrophages was accomplished by injecting 1 X 10-7 bone marrow cells
      i.v. into "suppressed" mice, but 1.5 X 10-7 thymocytes failed to correct the
      defect. Significantly, thymocytes antagonized the restorative capability of bone
      marrow cells when they were injected concomitantly. These results indicate that
      specific inhibition of cytophilic antibody receptors on monocytes could be
      accomplished through a direct mechanism involving activation and exhaustion of
      macrophages and an indirect mechanism, perhaps mediated through "suppressor"
      thymus-derived cells. Although enhancement of the growth of leukemia cells did
      not occur, several parallels exist in mice with enhanced growth of different
      tumors. This inhibiotry phenomenon may thus represent another instance of
      "blocking" in tumor immunity, where the target of suppressive antibody-antigen is
      the macrophage as well as the lymphocyte.

PMID- 1078992
TI  - Ventricular performance and energy of compression, power, and rate of change of
      power during isovolumic contraction.
AB  - During isovolumic contraction, there is a calculabe compression of the blood
      within the ventricle. Energy is expended by the ventricle during isovolumic
      contraction, and some of it is transferred to the blood in the form of elastic
      compression. The rate of energy transfer (power) and acceleration of energy
      transfer (rate of change of power) during isovolumic contraction were calculated
      based upon considerations of the energy of compression. In anaesthetized dogs,
      the isovolumic energy of compression was 42 plus or minus 6 (mean plus or minus
      SE) dyn cm; peak isovolumic power was 1,400 plus or minus 300 dyn cm sec-1; and
      peak rate of change of power was 56,000 plus or minus 15,000 dyn cm sec-2. During
      states of augmented contractility induced by isoproterenol, the peak acceleration
      of energy expeniditure (peak rate of change of power) increased to 126,000 plus
      or minus 33,000 dyn cm sec-2 (p smaller than 0.001). Conversely, with a reduction
      of contractility induced by propranolol, the peak isovolumic rate of change of
      power decreased to 30,000 plus or minus 5,700 dyn cm sec-2 (p smaller than
      0.001). The peak rate of change of power was unaffected by changes of the
      afterload. A trend, however, suggests that it may be affected by preload. The
      derivations of the isovolumic energy of compression, power, and rate of change of
      power are based upon firm principles of fluid dynamics. No assumptions related to
      ventricular geometry, synergy of contraction, or characteristics of muscle fibers
      are implied. Because of its physiological meaning and the theoretical validity of
      its derivation, an expression such as the isovolumic peak rate of change of
      power, when utilized as an index of ventricular performance, would appear to be
      of value.

PMID- 1078993
TI  - Influence of ambient temperature on growth rate of Reissner's fibre in Rana
      esculenta.
AB  - The influences of different environmental temperatures on the growth rate of
      Reissner's fibre (RF) in Rana esculenta were studied in October. At 24 degrees C
      about 70% and at 18 degrees C about 45% of the length of RF was renewed in 24
      hours. This means that the growth rate of RF at 24 degrees C was about 50% faster
      than that at 18 degrees C. It strongly indicates that increase in ambient
      temperature from 18 degrees C to 24 degrees C stimulates the secretory activity
      of the SCO considerably at least as far as the production of RF is concerned.
      These results are discussed in view of the hypothesis that RF contributes to the
      regulation of the composition of the cerebrospinal fluid. In this connection some
      introductory observations on the capacity of RF to bind certain biogenic amines
      from the cerebrospinal fluid in Rana esculenta are presented.

PMID- 1078994
TI  - White pulp compartments in the spleen of rats and mice. A light and electron
      microscopic study of lymphoid and non-lymphoid celltypes in T- and B-areas.
AB  - The spleen of rats and mice was studied with the light and electron microscope.
      Special attention was paid to the delineation and composition of the white pulp
      compartments: periarteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS), follicles and marginal
      zone. These three compartments each have their specific lymphoid and non-lymphoid
      cells. Reticulum cells and reticulin fibres, although occurring in all three
      compartments, from a characteristic pattern in each compartment. In the PALS two
      areas can be distinguished: a central area, largely devoid of reticulum cells,
      and a peripheral area where reticulum cells are arranged in cylindrical shells.
      The central PALS FORMS THE THYMUS DEPENDENT AREA OF THE SPLEEN, THE PERIPHERAL
      PALS contains both T- and B-lymphocytes. T-B-interactions requiring cell contact
      could take place in the latter area. Lymph vessels originate from the shells of
      reticulum cells around the smaller arterioles; these vessels follow the central
      arteriole to the hilus of the spleen. Circumstantial evidence suggests that the
      lymph vessels form a recirculation pathway for T-cells and possibly also for B
      cells. In two areas of the splenic white pulp characteristic non-lymphoid cells
      are present. The central PALS contains interdigitating cells (IDC), which show a
      close contact with surrounding T-lymphocytes. The light zone of the follicle
      centre exhibits dendritic cells (DC). B-cells are found between the ramifications
      of the DC. It is conceivable that these cells play a role in the homing of T
      cells and B-cells respectively. In addition they might create a microenvironment
      supporting differentiation and proliferation of T- and B-cells. The marginal zone
      does not contain a characteristic non-lymphoid cell type. However, in this
      compartment B-cells are directly exposed to the circulating blood. It is
      suggested that this factor constitutes one of the essentials of the
      microenvironment in the marginal zone.

PMID- 1078995
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin in duodenal fluid and gallbladder bile.
AB  - Using the immunoelectrophoretic method alpha-1-antitrypsin was detected in all
      but 6 of 26 samples of duodenal fluid obtained from 16 patients with various
      gastroenterological problems. The concentrations (mg/100 ml) of alpha-1
      antitrypsin in duodenal aspirates from children with liver disease (7.32 plus or
      minus 6.1) were less than those from children with cystic fibrosis, Shwachman
      Diamond syndrome, or Hirschsprung's disease (16.7 plus or minus 11.9; p smaller
      than 0.02). Alpha-1-antitrypsin was detected in all but one of 6 samples of
      gallbladder bile, the exception being that from a patient with extrahepatic
      biliary atresia. No significant correlation was found between the alpha-1
      antitrypsin concentration in the samples studied and the corresponding total
      antitrypsin activity.

PMID- 1078996
TI  - Tapeworm cyst infestations of the brain.
AB  - Tapeworm cyst infestations of the brain often present as diagnostic problems. The
      radiological appearances in proven cases are discussed with a brief review of the
      life cycle and clinical presentations.

PMID- 1078997
TI  - [Anomaly of origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery treated
      successfully by bypass].

PMID- 1078998
TI  - Characteristics of the serum vitamin B12 binding substances of selected
      vertebrates.

PMID- 1078999
TI  - Understanding modern immunology: I. The development of the human immune system.
      (First of two parts).

PMID- 1079000
TI  - Letter: Proximal coronary artery anastomosis marker: a simplified method.

PMID- 1079001
TI  - [Ulcerating duplication of the ileum as rare cause of massive intestinal
      hemorrhage in the adult].
AB  - In this paper is presented the case of a 27 year old woman in whom a congenital
      duplication of the distal ileum led to a massive hemorrhage. Heterotopic gastric
      mucosa was found in the ileal lesion and ulcer formation histologically proven.
      This case shows that congenital lesions of this sort may not come to the
      attention of the pediatrician or pediatric surgeon but become the concern of the
      surgeon in adult life.

PMID- 1079002
TI  - [Surgical treatment of bleeding esophageal varices using subcardial hemostasis
      with transmural mechanical clamping].

PMID- 1079003
TI  - [Chromatographic detection of melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine) and its
      biological precursors in enterochromaffin cells].

PMID- 1079004
TI  - [Development of image memory in pups for vestibular and vestibular-kinesthetic
      perception].

PMID- 1079005
TI  - Effects of the ultimobranchial and parathyroid glands and vitamins D2, D3 and
      dihydrotachysterol2 on blood calcium and intestinal calcium transport in the
      frog.
AB  - Administration of 500 mug vitamin D2 or D3 with ingestion of calcium to
      ultimobranchialectomized (UBX) or UBX-parathyroidectomized (PTX) frogs (Rana
      pipiens) induced hyerpcalcemia and hypercalciuria not apparent in control or PTX
      frogs. Calcium transport in isolated everted gut sacs was significantly elevated
      in UBX and UBX-PTX frogs but not in controls or PTX animals. Further, with
      Vitamin D3 in UBX frogs the duodenal segment had a greater capacity to transport
      calcium than the jejunal-ileal segment when compared to control, PTX or UBX-PTX
      frogs. Dihydrotachysterol2 and calcium ingestion also induced hypercalcemia,
      hypercalciuria and increased calcium transport in gut of UBX and UBX-PTX frogs,
      with no change seen in PTX or controls after 5 days. The inhibitory influence of
      the ultimobranchial glands on intestinal calcium transport apparently does not
      require the presence of the parathyroids and exhibits an inhibitory influence
      against a high calcium gradient across the duodenal segment.

PMID- 1079006
TI  - Studies of pigments and lipids in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides Y reaction center.

PMID- 1079007
TI  - Calcium transients in amphibian muscle.
AB  - The calcium-sensitive bioluminescent protein aequorin has been microinjected into
      isolated amphibian twitch muscle fibers in order to detect the intracellular
      calcium transients associated with excitation-contraction coupling. While it is
      not yet possible to make quantitative estimates of the changes in calcium
      concentration involved, it is possible to detect substantial changes in
      intracellular calcium transients resulting from changes in temperature,
      stimulation frequency, fiberlength, and the osmotic strength of the bathing
      medium.

PMID- 1079008
TI  - Membrane particles and transmission at the triad.
AB  - The structure of the membranes limiting the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and
      transverse (T) tubules in frog and fish muscle fibers has been studied by freeze
      fracture. Emphasis is placed on the structure of the membranes at the triad,
      where thin sections have previously shown that rows of regularly disposed "feet"
      join SR and T exposed fracture faces allows the following conclusions. 1) The SR
      membrane is continuous and identical in appearance along the whole sarcomere.
      Thus the SR is a single uninterrupted compartment and it is likely that the major
      function of the reticulum, calcium accumulation is performed by the membrane
      limiting the lateral sacs of the triad, as well as the longitudinal tubules. 2)
      At the level of the junction with the T tublue, the SR presents a strikingly
      different number, size and arrangement of particles and pits. This distinct
      portion of the SR membrane extends father than the area covered by the junctional
      "feet" and no correlation can be found between the disposition of particles
      within the membrane and that of the feet on the membrane surface. 3) The T system
      membrane presents few prominent particles on its junctional face, but these are
      far less numerous than the feet. 4) Thus, no visible preformed channels exist
      between SR and T system lumina and it is suggested that direct electrical
      coupling between the two membranes during excitation is unlikely.

PMID- 1079009
TI  - In vitro responsiveness of lymphocytes of different mouse strains to
      phytohaemagglutinin.
AB  - Responsiveness of spleen and lymph node lymphocytes to in vitro stimulation by
      phytohaemagglutinin was investigated in several mouse strains. Considerable
      interstain differences in RNA and DNA synthesis were found both for PHA
      stimulated and unstimulated cells; the latter component thus tends to contribute
      to the observed over-all differences in lymphocyte responsiveness to "specific"
      stimulation. Of the tested strains and F-1 HYBRIDS, THE HIGHEST RESPONDERS WERE
      A/Ph, its F-1 hybrids with a few other strains and BALB/C. The possibility that
      the interstrain differences in the rate of nucleic acid synthesis and hence in
      lymphocyte responsiveness could be due to different sensitivity of the
      lymphocytes to experimental treatment was not confirmed experimentally.
      Relatively high rate of synthesis of nucleic acids in PHA unstimulated cells and
      its great interstrain variation is interpreted in terms of variation in
      "spontaneous" transformability.

PMID- 1079010
TI  - Teratogenesis and the movement of ions.
AB  - There is evidence that in early embryos, mechanisms exist for the control of the
      movement of monovalent ions; that sodium is extruded during gastrulation and
      neurulation, and that in two- to three-day-old chick embryos with head
      abnormalities, ratios of sodium to potassium may be abnormally high. It is
      suggested that the origin of neural tube defects in early development may be
      associated with failure of control of ionic movements.

PMID- 1079011
TI  - Mitotic variations in the lens epithelium of the frog. III. Somatotropin.

PMID- 1079012
TI  - The POMR and the physician.

PMID- 1079013
TI  - Education plan key to POMR success.

PMID- 1079014
TI  - Some POMR criticism clearly misdirected.

PMID- 1079015
TI  - Lymphoid cell dependence of eosinophil response to antigen. VI. The effect of
      selective removal of T or B lymphocytes on the capacity of primed spleen cells to
      adoptively transferred immunity to tetanus toxoid.
AB  - Spleens from mice primed with tetanus toxoid 30 days earlier contain memory cells
      capable of adoptively transferring secondary type cell-mediated (eosinophil) and
      humoral (antitoxin) responses to irradiated, reconstituted recipients. Spleen
      cells derived from 10-day-primed donors, on the other hand, possess the capacity
      after transfer to elicit secondary type eosinophil responses, but not anamnestic
      antitoxin responses. Treatment of 30-day-primed cells with anti-theta serum and
      C' prevented transfer of memory for both responses, whereas similar treatment
      with rabbit anti-mouse IgG (RAM-IgG) serum and C' only inhibited transfer of
      memory for the antitoxin response. Addition of non-primed spleen cells to
      antisera-treated primed cells failed to restore secondary type responses.
      Recombination of 30-day-primed anti-theta and RAM-IgG-treated cells re
      established the capacity to transfer these responses. To determine whether the
      same T cells which mediate the eosiniphil response also act as helper cells in
      antitoxin production, antisera treated 10- and 30-day-primed cells were combined
      prior to transfer. Ten-day-primed T cells induced eisoniphil responses and also
      co-operated with 30-day-primed B cells to produce antitoxin. In contrast, 30-day
      primed T cells elicited eisinophil responses, but were unable to induce antitoxin
      production when combined with anti-theta-treated 10-day-primed cells. These
      results indicate that B memory cells are not present in the spleens of the donor
      mice 10 days after priming, but T memory cells are present. It is concluded that
      primed T cells mediated both eosinophil and antitoxin responses, while B memory
      cells are involved only with antitoxin production. Following subcutaneous priming
      T memory cells are present in the spleen prior to B memory cells, and T memory
      cells which mediate the eosinophil response at 10 days after priming also augment
      the production of antitoxin by B memory cells.

PMID- 1079016
TI  - The mechanism of interaction between T and B lymphocytes in the in vitro response
      to sheep erythrocytes. Non-specific collaboration across a dialysis membrane.
AB  - Purified T lymphocytes from normal mouse spleen restored the antibody-forming
      cell response to sheep erythrocytes of various B lymphocyte populations when
      separated from them by a cell-impermeable dialysis or nucleopore membrane. A 2-5
      fold increase occurred when spleen cells from neonatally thymectomized mice or
      congenitally athymic mice, and an adherent spleen cell population were used as
      sources of B cells. Antigen was required in both T- and B-cell compartments, but
      a nonspecific reconstitution occurred when the antigens present in the two
      compartments were different. It is concluded that during the first 20 hours of
      culture, T lymphocytes produce a non-specific factor in response to antigen.
      Although the factor acts at a distance, it does not have a non-specific mitogenic
      effect upon all B lymphocytes. Some of its properties are similar to those of
      other reported T-cell factors and of the 'sheep erythrocyte reconstitution
      factor', found naturally in some batches of foetal calf serum.

PMID- 1079017
TI  - Growth of Mycobacterium marinum in the footpads of T-cell-depleted mice.
AB  - Mycobacterium marinum strains 1218 and 1219 were inoculated into the hind
      footpads of T-cell-depleted specific pathogen-free C57B1/6 mice, and the growth
      and survival of the organisms at the site of injection, the draining popliteal
      lymph node, and the spleen and lung were quantitated for up to 70 days. T-cell
      depletion largely ablated the normal cell-mediated antituberculous response to
      the M. marinum population. The mice were able to control the further growth of
      the inoculum within the footpad only after it had reached 5 to 10 times that
      present in the normal controls. The high temperature-adapted strain (37 C; strain
      no. 1218) induced an increasing infection in the liver, spleen, and lungs of the
      THXB mice, and the infection eventually spread to the opposite footpad and to the
      tail skin. Strain 1219 gave rise to considerable systemic involvement in the THXB
      host despite its inability to survive at 37 C, but the size of the splenic and
      lung populations was considerably lower than in the 1218-infected animals. Both
      M. marinum infections persisted in the tissues of the T-cell-depleted mice with
      no indication of a cell-mediated immune response. Footpad swelling in the M.
      marinum-infected mice was not greatly reduced by T-cell depletion, and, if
      anything, tended to persist at high levels long after the swelling of the control
      feet had gone into a decline. On the other hand, incorporation of tritiated
      thymidine by cells within the infected footpads, the draining lymph node, and the
      spleen was considerably reduced in the T-cell-depleted host compared with control
      values. Late in the infection, there was a significant increase in the amount of
      label taken up by the cells in the footpads of the T-cell-depleted host.

PMID- 1079018
TI  - Survival of synchronized Chinese hamster cells exposed to radiation of different
      linear-energy transfer.
AB  - Chinese hamster V79 cells were exposed to ionizing radiations of a wide range of
      linear-energy transfer (LET), including 145kV x-rays and six different heavy ions
      accelerated in the Berkeley heavy-ion linear accelerator. The LET of the ions
      ranged from 19 keV/um to 2000 keV/um. Survival curves were determined for both
      synchronized and asynchronous cells, using survival of colony-forming capacity as
      the end-point. Results with asynchronous cultures were similar to results
      reported previously for mammalian cells. There was increased effectiveness of
      killing per dose with increased LET until a change in shape of the single-cell
      survival curves resulted, from sigmoidal to exponential, with carbon ions (LET of
      190 keV/um). With heavier ions, exponential curves were obtained, but with
      decreased effectiveness per unit dose. Synchronized cultures were obtained by
      mitotic selection. The expected Chinese hamster cell-cycle survival curve
      variation was found for X-rays, mainly reflecting the variation in the single
      cell extrapolation number, with late S-phase cells the most resistant to
      radiation. When synchronized cultures were irradiated with the heavy ions that
      produce exponential survival curves; the survival curves were independent of the
      cell-cycle time of irradiation. With radiations of LET values between the low and
      high extremes, a reduced cell-cycle survival curve variation was found,
      indicating a gradual reduction in the cell-cycle survival curve variation as a
      function of increased LET.

PMID- 1079019
TI  - Chromosomal aberrations in rats fed irradiated wheat.
AB  - The effects on chromosomal aberrations in bone-marrow cells of feeding irradiated
      wheat to well-fed and malnourished rats were investigated. Rats maintained on low
      levels of dietary protein (5 per cent) had a higher incidence of breaks and
      deletions in their bone-marrow chromosomes compared with rats maintained on 
      adequate levels of protein  (18 per cient), showing that the level of dietary
      protein per se can produce structural abnormalities. Feeding of irradiated wheat
      to rats was associated with increase in the number of polyploid cells in the bone
      marrow. The level of protein in the diet did not appear to influence polyploidy.

PMID- 1079020
TI  - [Role of DNA-membrane attachment in repair of radiation damage in Micrococcus
      radiodurans].
AB  - The unirradiated bacterial DNA assciated with the membrane is liberated into the
      cytoplasm after breakage of either a single or a double strand, resulting from X
      ray action. During the reincubation period in growth-medium, the DNA is
      reassociated with the membrane. This phenomenon is very rapid and occurs without
      increasing the molecular weight of DNA. The study of DNA-membrane complexes shows
      that the size of the DNA-associated membranous fragment differs according to the
      lysing technique employed, appearing as a change in the density of the complex.
      Chloramphenicol decreases reassociation, and iodoacetamide, a radiosensititzing
      agent, inhibits it completely.

PMID- 1079021
TI  - Effect of ethanol on the radiolysis of ribonuclease.
AB  - The dependence of D 37 on the ribonuclease concentration was measured for
      depolymerase and hydrolase activity. Ethanol gives different radiation protection
      to the two functions by OH-scavenging. Evidence for the reaction of ethanol
      radicals was obtained by simultaneously scavening hydrated electrons, OH-and most
      of the H-radicals without increase in the radiation protection. The efficiency of
      the individual primary radicals and the ethanol radicals in inactiviating
      ribonuclease is calculated from the measured inactivation yield.

PMID- 1079022
TI  - Mechanisms of radio-protection by catecholamines in the hamster (Mesocricetus
      auratus).
AB  - Whole-body exposure to 1000 or 2000 rads in a 60Co source was used to study radio
      protection by norepinephrine, isoproterenol, and phenylephrine in normal and
      splenectomized hamsters. After exposure, the animals were caged individually, 
      and percent survivals were recorded daily. The aortic blood pressure of
      permanently cannulated, unanaesthetized hamsters was measured to test the
      vasoconstriction-hypoxia mechanism of radio-protection, and plasma calcium levels
      were measured to test the hypothesis that isoproterenol protects through a
      mechanism of hypercalcaemia-stimualted cell proliferation. The data support the
      vasoconstriction-hypoxia mechanism for agents stimulating the alpha receptors,
      while beta agonists seem to protect through a hypotensive-hypoxia mechanism
      similar to that of histamine. All the catecholamines protect against the
      haematopoietic syndrome, but show no evidence of protection against the
      gastrointestinal syndrome.

PMID- 1079023
TI  - Letter: On the  role of phosphate in the irradiation of DNA in aqueous solutions.

PMID- 1079024
TI  - Letter: The oxidation of tryptophan by radical anions.

PMID- 1079025
TI  - Multiple cartilaginous exostoses in the dog.
AB  - The clinicopathologic aspects of multiple cartilaginous exostoses (MCE) in 2 dogs
      were compared with those in 9 previously reported cases of MCE in dogs. Although
      a familial tendency is probable, there is apparently no sex or breed
      predilection. Only bones that developed by endochondral ossification were
      affected. The vertebrae, ribs, and long bones were the most frequent location of
      exostoses. Bones of the carpal and tarsal joints and the skull were not affected
      in the cases evaluated. Physical examination and radiography may provide strong
      supportive evidence for a diagnosis of MCE, but a definitive diagnosis must be
      based on microscopic evaluation of osseous lesions. Treatment is unnecessary
      unless growth of exostoses results in clinical sequelae. Surgical extirpation of
      lesions should be considered if dysfunction of the skeletal, muscular, or
      neurologic systems develops. The prognosis is variable, being dependent on the
      location and number of lesions, the age of the patient at the time of diagnosis,
      and the presence or absence of clinical complications.

PMID- 1079026
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of action of calciferol. VIII. The effects of dietary
      vitamin D and the polyene antibiotic, filipin, in vitro, on the intestinal
      cellular uptake of calcium.
AB  - Intestinal transport and cellular uptake of calcium were studied in vitro in
      ileal segments obtained from calciferol (vitamin D)-deficient (minus D3) chicks
      or in calciferol-treated chicks (+ D3). When calcium flux (J) was measured in
      both the mucosal yields serosal (J-ms) and serosal yields mucosal (J-sm)
      directions it was found that calcium transport in the +D3 system was an active
      process. Calcium was not actively transported in the minus D3 system or by either
      the +D3 or minus D3 serosal tissues which underlie the intestinal mucosa tissue.
      It was also found that the serosal tissue was not the rate-limiting step in
      calcium translocation. When calcium uptake was measured at the mucosal or brush
      border surface it was found to be a cation-oriented, saturable process in both
      the +D3 and minus D3 systems and was enhanced by calciferol supplementation. The
      rate of uptake was found to exhibit a two component transport phenomenon, one a
      saturable process at low Ca2+ concentrations and the other a linear of diffusion
      process at higher Ca2+ concentrations (greater than 5 mM). The polyene
      antibiotic, filipin, was used to study the transport and uptake of calcium in
      both the +D and minusD chick ileum in vitro. Filipin (10 mug/ml), when added in
      vitro to solutions bathing the mucosal surface of the ileum, stimulated the
      calcium flux, J-ms, of minus D ileal tissue by 150 to 200%, but had little or no
      stimulatory effect on J-ms of +D3 ileal tissue. However, in contrast it
      stimulated calcium uptake across the mucosal membrane in both the +D3 and minus
      D3 ileal tissue (50 to 100%). The effect of filipin is specific for calcium
      uptake as compared to Rb+, P-i, SO4(2-), glycerol, thiourea, and urea uptake.
      Isolated brush borders from +D3 chicks were found to bind calcium to a greater
      extent than the minus D3 brush borders, but both membrane fractions had the same
      cholesterol content. The sum of this and other evidence suggests that of uptake
      of calcium is a calciferol-mediated event which is not the rate-limiting step in
      the total transport of this ion across the intestinal epithelial cell. The
      filipin effect appears to affect a structural reorganization of the brush border
      membrane in both the +D3 and minus D3 membranes in a manner specific for calcium
      translocation. It now appears that filipin treatment somehow makes both transport
      systems more efficient in the uptake of calcium, but in a manner independent of
      the mode of action of calciferol. However, these data suggest that other
      components associated with calcium uptake are calciferol-dependent in an as yet
      unknown fashion.

PMID- 1079027
TI  - Complications of Austin Moore arthroplasty. Their incidence and relationship to
      potential predisposing factors.
AB  - In a retrospective computerized study of 451 Austin Moore arthroplasties (211 for
      acute hip fractures and 240 for hip reconstruction), the operative and general
      complications were correlated with the historical, preoperative, operative, and
      early and late postoperative factors usually thought to influence the results.
      Wound complications were significantly associated with diabetes and fracture,
      obesity and fracture, and procedures lasting two hours or more. General
      complications showing significant associations were: death or pneumonia with
      fractures, phlebitis with obesity, and myocardial infarction with fracture.
      Factors not significantly associated with complications included age, previous
      hip surgery, time of day of the operation, surgical approach, wound irrigation,
      use of drains, postoperative anticoagulation, and reaming of the acetabulum.

PMID- 1079028
TI  - Direct-current stimulation of non-union and congenital pseudarthrosis.
      Exploration of its clinical application.
AB  - Based on the response of bone to electrical current in previous studies, an
      exploratory clinical study of the effect of electrical current on non-union and
      congenital pseudarthrosis was performed. Constant direct current of ten to twenty
      microamperes was applied to twenty-four non-unions and five congenital
      pseudarthroses. Complete union occurred in fifteen non-unions and in one
      congenital pseudarthrosis. A single cathode delivering ten microamperes seemed
      sufficient to heal non-union in small bones, but multiple cathodes each
      delivering twenty microamperes appeared to be required to heal non-union in the
      tibia and femur. As the technique was refined, the percentage of successes
      increased. While these preliminary results appear promising, further laboratory
      and clinical experiments are required to define the true role of electrical
      stimulation in clinical practice.

PMID- 1079029
TI  - Extractable nuclear antigen effect on the DNA anti-DNA reaction and NZB/NZW mouse
      nephritis.
AB  - Extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) is composed of at least two components, one a
      ribonucleo-protein sensitive to ribonuclease or heat and the other a protein.
      Antibodies to ENA are associated with a relatively benign clinical course in
      patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in which DNA anti DNA complexes
      are thought pathogenic. The effect of ENA and anti-ENA on DNA anti-DNA reactions
      in vitro was studied. ENA effectively inhibited an anti-DNA hemagglutination
      reaction but no effect was found on binding of radioactive DNA or on the anti
      hemocyanin hemagglutination reaction. The inhibitory effect was not abolished by
      yeast ribonuclease (RNase), heating, or DNase. Anti-ENA HAD NO EFFECT ON ANTI-DNA
      hemagglutination. In vivo, ENA altered the NZB/NZW mouse nephritis thought to be
      a model for human SLE nephritis. These results suggest the possiblity of a role
      for ENA in alteration of diseases due to pathogenic DNA anti-DNA complexes.

PMID- 1079030
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in acute and chronic hepatitis.
AB  - Peripheral lymphocytes from patients with hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg)
      positive and -negative acute hepatitis (AH), chronic active hepatitis (CAH),
      chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), and normal controls were tested for in vitro
      cytotoxicity and blast transformation. Cytotoxicity was measured by chrominum
      (21Cr) release into the medium from 51Cr-labeled Chang liver cells after
      incubation for 6 h with peripheral lymphocytes at a lymphocyte target cell ratio
      of 200:1. Concomitant 72-h incubation studies were performed to assess thymus
      cell-dependent (T) lymphocyte function as measured by conccanavalin A (Con A)-
      stimulated incorporation of tritiated thymidine (blast transformation) and by
      cytotoxicity. It was found that (a) lymphocytes from patients with AH are
      cytotoxic to Chang liver cells compared to controls (P less than 0.001); (b)
      lymphocytes from patients with acute and chronic hepatitis are less cytotoxic
      when incubated with autologous and homologous HB2Ag-positive and -negative AH,
      CAH, and CPH are as cytotoxic as normal controls when stimulated with a
      nonspecific mitogen such as Con A; and (d) lymphocytes from patients with CAH
      while on prednisone therapy showed marked depression of cytotoxicity when
      stimulated with Con A. Thus these studies show that patients with AH have
      circulating T lymphocytes which are capable of causing the destruction of Chang
      liver cells. There is no defect in T-cell function as measured by Con A
      stimulated cytotoxicity. There is a serum factor (s) in patients with acute and
      chronic hepatitis which inhibits spontaneous and induced lymphocyte cytotoxicity
      and blast transformation. Finally, prednisone treatment appears to inhibit
      lymphocyte cytotoxicity in patients with CAH.

PMID- 1079031
TI  - Evaluating a workshop method for teaching the problem-oriented record to nurses.

PMID- 1079032
TI  - A study of routine postpartum manual sponge curettage.

PMID- 1079033
TI  - Preliminary evidence for cell-mediated immunity in cross-protection among group A
      arboviruses.
AB  - Unfractionated and T cell-enriched populations from spleens of mice immunized
      with Sinbdis virus confer cross-protection against Semliki forest virus challenge
      in recipient mice. Both Group A viruses are serologically related, but not by
      tests for cross-neutralizing antibody. The protection in mice persisted for three
      consecutive cell passages in uninfected mice. The results suggest that cell
      mediated immunity accounts for cross-protection.

PMID- 1079034
TI  - Regulation of antibody response in vitro. IX. Induction of secondary anti-hapten
      IgG antibody response by anti-immunoglobulin and enhancing soluble factor.
AB  - Attempts were made to induce antibody response of hapten-primed cells by
      stimulation with anti-immunoglobulin (Ig) antibody and cellfree supernatant (CFS)
      which contained nonspecific enhancing factor. Mesenteric lymph node cells were
      obtained from rabbits which were primed with dinitrophenylated ragweed antigen
      (DNP-Rag), and the primed cells were incubated in vitro with either anti-rabbit
      gamma-chain or anti-Fab antibody for 24 hr. After washing, the cells were
      cultured in CFS which was obtained from the culture of DNP-Ascaris (DNP-Asc)
      primed lymph node cells with free carrier (Asc). The results showed that hapten
      primed cells were triggered for IgG anti-DNP antibody response by the two
      reagents, i.e., anti-Ig antibody and CFS, both which did not share any antigenic
      specificity with the priming antigen (DNP-Rag). Neither anti-Ig alone nor CFS
      alone induced anti-hapten antibody response. Anti-Ig and CFS triggered not only
      hapten-primed B cells but also the other IgG-bearing (B) cells for IgG synthesis.
      Lymph node cells of umprimed animals were activated for IgG synthesis by the
      stimulation with anti-Ig followed by culture in CFS. Evidence was obtained that
      anti-Ig antibody has to be divalent for the activation of B cells. Stimulation of
      DNP-primed cells with the F(ab')2 fragment of the antibody and CFS-induced anti
      hapten antibody response, whereas the Fag' fragment of the anti-Ig plus CFS
      failed to do so. The results suggested that bridging of cell-surface Ig receptors
      by multivalent ligand is the initial step of B cell activation. Another evidence
      for the activation of hapten-primed B cells by anti-Ig was obtained by
      supplemental immunization of DNP-Asc-primed animals with the Fc fragment of goat
      IgG. Stimulation of mesenteric lymph node cells from these animals with goat anti
      rabbit-Ig alone (no CFS) resulted in the formation of anti-DNP IgG antibody. The
      results indicated that lymphocytes primed for goat IgG collaborated with DNP
      primed IgG-B cells when the lymph node cells were stimulated with goat anti-Ig.

PMID- 1079035
TI  - Thymus-independent antigens: the preparation of covalent, hapten-ficoll
      conjugates.
AB  - A general approach is presented for covalently attaching carboxyl and primary
      amino groups to Ficoll and other high molecular weight polysaccharides in a
      readily controlled manner. The polysaccharides are omicron-carboxymethylated with
      chloroacetate in NaOH solutions. Amino groups are next introduced by monoamide
      formation with ethylenediamine using a water-soluble carbodiimide. Reactions are
      carried out in aqueous solutions; excess reactants and by-products are removed by
      dialysis. Three different ways for coupling the 2,4-dinitrophenyl hapten to the
      amino derivative of Ficoll are described. Preliminary evidence indicates that 2,4
      dinitrophenyl-Ficolls, prepared by procedures developed in this study, are potent
      thymus-independent antigens which can specifically stimulate B cells both in vivo
      and in vitro. Hapten-Ficoll conjugates should be exceptionally useful for studies
      of B lymphocyte activation because of the ready availability of the starting
      material and the ease with which a wide variety of hapten derivatives may be
      prepared.

PMID- 1079036
TI  - Characterization of the lymphocyte surface receptors for Con A and PHA.
AB  - Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were iodinated by the lactoperoxidase
      technique, and the surface receptors for the mitogens concanavalin A (Con A) and
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were analyzed by solubilizing the membrane protein and
      incubating with mitogen and antimitigen antibody. The resulting precipitates were
      washed and analyzed by gel electrophoresis. Con A was to bind to about twice as
      much labeled protein as PHA. Sodium dodecyl sulfate gels showed that multiple
      surface membrane proteins bind to these mitogens and that the pattern of peaks of
      Con A receptors in generally similar to the pattern of PHA receptors. Long-term
      lymphoid tissue culture cells lines also show multiple receptor peaks for
      mitogens, indicating that the heterogeneity of receptors is not caused entirely
      by lymphocyte heterogeneity.

PMID- 1079037
TI  - The stimulation of immunoglobulin production in murine spleen cells by the
      pokeweed mitogens.
AB  - We have shown that of the five mitogens purified from the salt extracts of
      pokeweed, only Pa-1, the B cell mitogen, has the ability to stimulate
      immunoglobulin production in murine B cells in the absence of classical T cells.
      Furthermore, the T cell mitogens (Pa-2-Pa-5) not only are unable to stimulate DNA
      or immunoglobulin synthesis by B cells in the absence of T cells, but cannot
      stimulate immunoglobulin production by B cells even in the presence of T cells.
      This suggests that Pa-2-Pa-5 do not stimulate adequate helper function in T cells
      or that if such a helper function is stimulated, an additional stimulatory factor
      is required for immunoglobulin production, which is not provided for by Pa-2-Pa
      5.

PMID- 1079038
TI  - Interaction of plant lectins with purified human lymphocyte populations: binding
      characteristics and kinetics of proliferation.
AB  - With six purified plant lectins as probes of cell surface structure, human T, B,
      and Null lymphocytes have been examined for cell surface differences. The results
      of binding experiments with radioiodinated lectins indicate that these three
      lymphocyte populations, although functionally different, bind equivalent amounts
      of E- and L-PHA, lentil PHA, Con A, RCA-I, and WGA. Since these lectins are
      capable of binding to at least four different cell surface oligosaccharides,
      these data indicate that human T, B, and Null lymphocytes do not differ with
      respect to surface content of these carbohydrate structures. In addition, all six
      lectins were investigated for their ability to stimulate DNA synthesis in these
      human lymphocyte populations. Four of these lectins (E- and L-PHA, lentil PHA,
      and Con A) were mitogenic for human lymphocytes, whereas RCA-I and WGA failed to
      stimulate significant DNA synthesis in any lymphocyte population. When incubated
      with the mitogenic lectins, both B and Null cells displayed a delayed peak of DNA
      synthesis in comparison to T cells. Thus, despite virtually identical binding
      characteristics, the lectin-induced mitogenic response exhibited by B and Null
      cells was markedly different kinetically from that of T cells.

PMID- 1079039
TI  - Quantitative and immunologic aspects of the handling of 2,4 dinitrophenyl guinea
      pig albumin by macrophages.
AB  - Studies correlating quantitative aspects of the handling of dinitrophenyl guinea
      pig albumin (DNP-GPA) by guinea pig macrophages with the potential of cell
      associated antigen to initiate proliferation of immune T lymphocytes have
      examined the nature of immunologically relevant antigen. After the loss of 75% of
      cell-bound DNP-GPA during the first 24 hr of in vitro culture, the remaining
      antigen persists qualitatively unchanged throughout further culture. However,
      coincident immunogenicity of the macrophage-associated NDP-GPA progressively
      deccreases, suggesting loss of accessibility of the antigen to responding immune
      lymphocytes. There is a small, stable, surface antigen pool but these studies
      suggest that the immunologically critical fraction of DNP-GPA, as regards guinea
      pig T cell activation, is resistant to trypsinization and inaccessible to
      antibody.

PMID- 1079040
TI  - Alkaline phosphatase in differentiating guinea pid thymocytes: an
      ultracytochemical study.
AB  - Alkaline phosphatase (AP) was demonstrated ultracytochemically on the cell
      membrane of guinea pig thymocytes. AP usually covers the whole cell surface. In a
      small subpopulation of thymocytes the cell membrane is totally AP-negative. These
      cells are located by light microscopy in the thymic medulla and have been shown
      previously to possess the migratory properties of mature thymocytes. This AP
      negative subpopulation most probably represents the T cell population in the
      thymic medulla. No distinct morphologic differences could be observed between
      these AP-positive and AP-negative thymocytes. Additionally, a small AP-negative
      cell population with characteristics of immature lymphoid cells was noted. These
      lymphoid cells, which are seen more numerously in the fetal thymus, might
      represent the differentiating stem cells in the guinea pig thymus.

PMID- 1079041
TI  - Release of mitogenic factor by mouse lymph node cells stimulated with PHA in
      vitro. Inhibition of this phenomenon by the addition of thymocytes.
AB  - Thymidine uptakes of mouse lymph node cells and thymocytes in response to
      phytomitogen lectins were investigated in vitro. It was observed that mixtures of
      lymph node cells and thymocytes yielded higher 3H-TdR incorporations than
      expected when exposed to concanavalin A (Con A) or pokeweed mitogen (PWM), but
      lower incorporations than anticipated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) as a
      stimulant. The observed enhancement of the response could be explained by factors
      which are stimulatory for thymocytes released by the lymph node cells. However,
      such mitogenic factors (MF) were released not only by Con A and PWM exposed cells
      but also by PHA expose lymph node cells. Further experiments showed that the
      admixture of thymocytes inhibited the release of MF by lymph node cells exposed
      to PHA but not to Con A or PWM. Since medullary thymocytes did not exhibit any
      inhibitory activity, it is likely that cortical thymocytes are responsible for
      this effect. The mechanism by which thymocytes inhibit MF production of lymph
      node cells exposed to PHA is not clear. MF was efficiently produced by lymph node
      cells cultured with PHA in "thymocyte-conditioned" medium and the MF activity was
      only marginally decreased by absorption with thymocytes. The results are
      discussed in the light of recent findings showing that thymocytes may both
      enhance and depress the immune response of other lymphocytes.

PMID- 1079042
TI  - Characterization of mouse cells releasing or responding to mitogenic factor
      induced by phytomitogens in vitro.
AB  - Mouse lymphocyte populations exposed to mitogen were tested for their capacity to
      release factors that stimulate other lymphocytes to synthesize DNA or enhance
      their response to mitogens in vitro. The target lymphocyte for this mitogenic
      factor(s) (MF) was also characterized. The results showed that lymph node and
      spleen cells release more MF than thymocytes upon exposure to Con A, PHA or PWM
      in vitro. The T cells were found to be largely responsible for MF production,
      since cell suspensions depleted of phagocytic cells did not exhibit any decreased
      ability to produce MF and spleen cells from congenitally athymic (nude) mice
      produced no detectable MF activity. The MF stimulated thymocytes, lymph node
      cells, and spleen cells to synthesize DNA. Spleen cells from nude mice were also
      stimulated. The MF released by lymphocytes in response to Con A was found to
      induce DNA synthesis of lymphocytes in itself and did not require the presence of
      mitogen. It is concluded that phytomitogen lectins stimulate T cells to
      synthesize DNA and to release soluble factor(s) which are mitogenic for both T
      and B cells. The latter cells may thus be unresponsive to the phytomitogen, but
      still undergo blast transformation.

PMID- 1079043
TI  - The family in trouble--how to tell.

PMID- 1079045
TI  - Letters to the editor: Return to work after coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1079044
TI  - The proportionate loss of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine and L-5-hydroxttryptophan
      decarboxylating activity in rat central nervous system following intracisternal
      administration of 5, 6-dihydroxytryptamine or 6-hydroxydopamine.

PMID- 1079046
TI  - [Experimental studies of osmotic induction method on the endolymphatic hydrops
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079047
TI  - Complications of free grafts of masticatory mucosa.
AB  - A discussion has been presented and examples provided to illustrate some of the
      complications that may be encountered in conjunction with free grafts of
      masticatory mucosa. The clinical problems presented are seen infrequently, but
      the clinician must be aware of the possibility of their occurrence when
      counseling patients on the possible sequelae of such surgical procedures. A
      knowledge of complications that may occur in free soft tissue grafting
      procedures, and of the underlying mechanisms causing these problems, may aid the
      clinician in anticipating and avoiding similar experiences.

PMID- 1079048
TI  - Effects of prenylamine on cardiac membrane currents and contractility.
AB  - The influence of prenylamine on the electrical and mechanical activity of frog
      atrial muscle fibers has been studied under voltage clamp conditions. At a
      concentration of 10-4 M, prenylamine blocks the action potential without much
      affecting the resting potential. The drug depresses the peak transient sodium
      conductance with a dissociation constant of 1.7 times 10-5 M and on a one-to-one
      stoichiometric basis. The curve relating peak sodium conductance to membrane
      potential is slightly shifted in the direction of hyperpolarization. The time to
      peak sodium current and the rate of sodium inactivation are not significantly
      altered. With 2 times 10-5 M prenylamine, the steady-state sodium inactivation
      curve is shifted by 5 mV to more negative membrane potentials but the decreased
      availability of the sodium system at the resting level is not sufficient to
      account for the reduction of sodium current. Recovery from sodium inactivation
      upon repolarization is distinctly slowed. The slow (secondary) inward current
      carried by calcium and/or sodium and the steady-state outward current are also
      depressed by prenylamine. The phasic (twitch-like) contraction related to the
      slow inward current is slightly decreased. The tonic (sustained) contraction
      associated with long-lasting depolarizations is increased and the time course of
      relaxation is retarded by prenylamine.

PMID- 1079049
TI  - Light scattering associated with tension changes in the short-range elastic
      component of resting frog's muscle.
AB  - 1. A study has been made of some optical and associated mechanical properties of
      resting frog's sartorius muscles in isotonic and hypertonic solutions. Tension
      and transparency changes accompanying small alterations of muscle length (smaller
      than 1-5%) were recorded simultaneously. 2. The form of the transparency change
      is complex. It has three phases, two of which occur during the length change and
      the third (delayed phase) after it is complete. Directional recording of the
      response reveals both scattering and diffraction components. 3. The change of
      light scattering is associated with tension changes in the short-range elastic
      component (SREC) of the muscle. Its magnitude is related to the stiffness of the
      SREC; both increase when the osmotic strength of the external solution is raised
      and when muscle length is increased. 4. The change of light scattering is not
      much affected by the velocity of the applied length change. This is true also of
      the mechanical stiffness of the SREC. 5. The origin of the diffraction change is
      not known. 6. It is concluded that the scattering effect is caused by
      conformational changes in the SREC.

PMID- 1079050
TI  - Estimation of the resistance of the intercalated disk in the ventricle of the
      frog Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1079051
TI  - The influence of the medium on the morphology of human peripheral blood rosette
      forming cells.

PMID- 1079052
TI  - The origin and development of lymphocytes.

PMID- 1079053
TI  - Homologs of dopa, alpha-methyldopa, and dopamine as potential cardiovascular
      drugs.
AB  - Starting from 3,4-dimethoxyphenacyl bromide, 2-amino-4-(3,4
      dihydroxyphenyl)butyric acid (homodopa) was synthesized in six steps. 5
      Hydroxyhomodopa was similarly prepared. alpha-Methylhomodopa was synthesized in
      four steps from zingerone [4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone]. alpha
      Methylhomodopa showed no antihypertensive activity in the genetic hypertensive
      rat. Homodopa did not potentiate the behavioral effect of Dopa or inhibit Dopa
      decarboxylase. Homodopamine, unlike dopamine, did not increase renal blood flow
      in the dog.

PMID- 1079054
TI  - N-cyclopropyltryptamines, potent monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

PMID- 1079055
TI  - In vitro studies of axillary lymph node cells in patients with breast cancer.
AB  - A total of 170 axillary lymph nodes were obtained from fresh mastectomy specimens
      from 81 women with breast cancer. Lymph node cells were tested in vitro for T and
      B cells by the rosette technique and immunofluorescence microscopy and for
      functional capacity by response to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and
      concanavalin A. T cells showed a wide range of relative values: 32-80 percent,
      with a mean of 63.5 percent. B cells defined by the presence of surface
      immunoglobulins ranged from 14 to 61 percent (mean, 35.8 percent); those defined
      by the presence of C3 receptors, from 8 to 54 percent (mean, 24.9 percent); and
      those defined by the presence of IgG-specific (Fc) receptors, from 10 to 45
      percent (mean, 27.5 percent). Cells with the C3 and Fc receptors constituted
      approximately two-thirds of the cells not binding spontaneously to sheep red
      blood cells (non-SRBC-R), whereas virtually all non-SRBC-R stained for surface
      immunoglobulins. The proportion of T and B cells and the response to mitogens
      varied widely among nodes and among patients. Differences were significant
      between values observed in young and old patients, nodes with and those without
      metastatic disease, and lymph nodes with different morphology. Lymph nodes from
      patients over 60 years old showed a higher proportion of B cells and a lower
      proportion of T cells than did those from patients 45 years of age or younger.
      Lymph nodes with disease metastic to them also showed a higher percent of B cells
      and a lower percent of T cells than the nodes that did not have metastatic
      disease. Lymph nodes with lymphocyte predominance showed a relatively high
      proportion of T lymphocytes, a high PHA response, and a low content of B
      lymphocytes. By contrast, lymph nodes with germinal-center predominance showed a
      relatively low content of T cells, a low PHA response, and a relatively high
      proportion of B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1079056
TI  - Immunogenetics of a thymus antigen in lymphoma-prone and lymphoma-resistant
      colonies of wild mice.
AB  - The Thy-1 (theta) antigen was identified in wild mice (Mus musculus), the
      frequency of its alleles was determined in two natural populations of wild mice,
      and the possible T-cell origin of spontaneous lymphomas was investigated in one
      of these populations. Reaction patterns for Thy-1 antigen with the use of direct
      cytoxicity and indirect absorption assays were identical in wild mice and inbred
      strains. Between 15 and 55 percent of viable spleen cells from healthy young or
      old wild mice were Thy-1 positive. Spleen, but not brain, cells from older wild
      mice were less strongly positive. Wild mice from the lymphoma-prone population
      were polymorphic for Thy-1alpha and Thy-1beta alleles, whereas wild mice from the
      lymphoma-resistant populations were homozygous for the Thy-1beta allele. Contrary
      to expectation, a higher frequency of the Thy-1beta allele was noted in the mice
      with lymphomas. Alleles at two other loci on chromosome number 9 (Mod-1alpha and
      Trfbeta) were fixed in both populations. The absence of detectable Thy-1 antigen
      on spleen cells (despite its detectability in undiminished titer in brain tissue)
      in 80 percent of mice with lymphomas, along with the absence of thymus
      involvement in the lymphomatous proliferations, suggested that these tumors are
      derived from an expansion of non-thymus-derived cells.

PMID- 1079057
TI  - Letter: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

PMID- 1079058
TI  - Erosive arthropathy in systemic scleroderma.

PMID- 1079059
TI  - Editorial: Host factors: an overview.

PMID- 1079060
TI  - Acute duodenitis and duodenal ulceration after burns. Clinical and pathological
      characteristics.
AB  - The clinical and pathological characteristics of Curling ulcer were defined by
      early and serial endoscopic examination of the duodenum in 37 burned patients.
      Duodenal disease was present in 27 patients and occurred only in patients with
      burns involving more than 38 percent of the total body surface. Erosive
      "duodenitis" could occur within 12 hours after injury and was usually associated
      with acute gastric disease. Isolated duodenitis occurred only in patients with
      pancreatitis. Contrast roentgenograms did not reliably show the superficial
      mucosal disease. Duodenal ulcerations were present in 12 patients and developed
      on a background of diffuse superficial mucosal injury. Other complications in the
      patient's postburn course influenced disease progression. Hemorrhage occurred in
      six patients with duodenal disease, usually originating from a posterior duodenal
      ulcer. Uncomplicated ulcers invariably healed within five weeks after diagnosis.

PMID- 1079061
TI  - Angina during hemodialysis. Treatment by coronary bypass graft.
AB  - In a 52-year-old man with chronic renal failure, severe angina occured when he
      was receiving hemodialysis. A double coronary bypass graft was performed,
      providing complete relief.

PMID- 1079062
TI  - [Cell-mediated immunity in autoimmune diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079063
TI  - Use of blood component therapy for gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with
      cirrhosis of the liver.
AB  - A prospective study was designed to compare the administration of available fresh
      blood and component therapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding in
      patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Fifty bleeding cirrhotic patients were
      randomly assigned to treatment: 17 patients recieved 51 percent fresh blood
      (Group 1), 16 patients received 22 percent fresh blood (Group 2), and 17 patients
      received 25 percent component therapy consisting of packed cells, fresh frozen
      plasma, and platelet concentrate (Group 3).  The mortality rate was unaffected by
      the type of blood replacement.  Neither the blood replacement requirement (Group
      1:51 plus or minus 0.9 units Group 2:5.5 plus or minus 0.8 units, Group 3:7.1
      plus or minus 1.1 units) nor the duration of bleeding (Group 1:39 plus or minus
      0.8 days, Group 2:6.3 plus or minus 2.4 days, Groups 3:5.8 plus or minus 1.0
      days) were significantly different.  There was no correlation between the mean
      age of blood or plasma received and the units of blood replaced or the duration
      of bleeding.  Patients with severe coagulation abnormalties had a significantly
      increased mortality.  Component therapy was as effective as the fresh blood
      regimen in cirrhotic patients with acute gastrintestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1079064
TI  - [Effect of an increased content of oxygen and carbon dioxide on vestibular
      resistance].
AB  - Forty-two experiments on 21 test subjects, aged 20 to 40, were carried out to
      study possibilities of increasing vestibular resistance. This was achieved by
      improving the cerebral blood supply of the subjects who used the breathing air of
      40-43% oxygen, 2% carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The results were treated
      statistically. This breathing air proved to increase the resistance of the
      vestibular analyzer to adequate stimuli. It is recommended to use this breathing
      air consisting of 40-43% oxygen, 2% carbon dioxide and nitrogen to prevent motion
      sickness and to discontinue vestibulo-vegetative disturbances that may appear in
      people using different flying and ground vehicles.

PMID- 1079065
TI  - [Functional state of the vestibular analyzer during lower body negative pressure
      tests].
AB  - With the aid of the caloric test the functional state of the vestibular analyzer
      of nine male athletes was investigated during their exposure to lower body
      negative pressure tests. The prolongation of the latent period of the caloric
      nystagmus and vertigo, shortening of the time of the nystagmus and vertigo were
      observed. It is concluded that the cerebral blood supply plays a major role in
      the development of vestibular reflexes.

PMID- 1079066
TI  - [Reaction of cat vasomotor center neurons to stimulation of vestibular and
      somatic afferents].

PMID- 1079067
TI  - Early cellular responses to mitogens and adjuvants in the mouse spleen.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cellular events in the spleens of
      mice following the intravenous injection of mitogens and adjuvants. The compounds
      used were concanavalin A, polyadenylic polyuridylic acid, beryllium sulfate,
      bacterial endotoxin, tuberculin-purified protein derivative, and dextran sulfate.
      Nine different strains of mice (some deficient in the C5 component of complement)
      received a single dose of these compounds, and their spleens were studied at
      sequential time intervals, ranging from 1 hour to 14 days. Concanavalin A
      triggered marked blast activity in the T cell zones of the splenic white pulp
      which was maximal at 24 hours following the injection. -3H-thymidine
      incorporation increased significantly, but the number of immunoglobulin-negative
      cells did not increase, probably because of a concomitant loss of hematopoietic
      cells. Polyadenylic polyuridylic acid and beryllium sulfate produced an increase
      in the number of lymphocytes in the T cell zones by 12 to 24 hours, but mitotic
      activity was unremarkable. None of the above T cell zone changes was observed in
      neonatally thymectomized mice. Endotoxin, purified protein derivative, and
      dextran sulfate produced marked B cell zone hyperplasia. Similar histologic
      changes were seen in the thymectomized animals. -3H-thymidine incorporation and
      number of immunoglobulin-positive cells were significantly increased by 24 hours.
      Endotoxin and dextran sulfate in some strains of mice caused marked depletion of
      the T cell zones. The effects of concanavalin A, endotoxin, and dextran sulfate
      were unrelated to the presence or absence of C5 protein. These experiments show
      that (1) concanavalin A, bacterial endotoxin, tuberulin-purified protein
      derivative, and dextran sulfate trigger in vivo the same cellular components of
      the immune system as they do in vitro; (2) polyadenylic polyuridylic acid and
      beryllium sulfate may influence the immune system by increased localization of
      lymphocytes in the T cell zones.

PMID- 1079068
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid synthetic response of mouse lymphoid cells in microculture
      with T-lymphocyte-dependent mitogens.
AB  - Various numbers of mouse thymus, lymph node, or spleen cells were cultured in
      serum-containing medium with concentrations of 0.06 to 64 mug. per ml. of
      concanavalin A (Con A), using our version of the microculture technique. Maximal
      DNA synthetic responses were obtained with 1.0 million thymocytes (highest number
      used) at 4 mug. per ml. of Con A and with 0.75 million lymph node cells or 0.5
      million spleen cells at 1 mug. per ml. of Con A. At optimal Con A concentration
      the magnitudes of response of 0.25 million thymus, compared with the same number
      of lymph node cells, were very similar. However, the response of lymph node cells
      was superior to that of thymocytes when 0.5 million initial cells were used,
      whereas 1.0 million thymocytes gave a better response than did the same number of
      lymph node cells. Regardless of the cell concentration, a comparison of responses
      by the three different cell types with the same cell number showed that the Con A
      concentration-DNA synthetic response curve was broadest for spleen cells, narrow
      for thymus cells, and intermediate for lymph node cells. Results in replicate
      experiments were highly reproducible, and the data indicated that peak DNA
      synthetic responses were not directly proportional to cell number when certain
      numbers of cells were used; the actual proportionality of response to cell number
      varied with the cell type and the mitogen concentration. When examined throughout
      the culture period, concentrations of Con A which were above the optimal for
      stimulation of DNA synthesis resulted in significant decreases in the number of
      viable cells. Time course experiments with Con A (or phytohemagglutinin)
      stimulated BALB/c spleen cells showed that the initiation of DNA synthesis
      occurred between 12 and 24 hours of culture, with peak levels of 3H-thymidine
      incorporation occurring during the 2nd and 3rd days of culture. The presence or
      absence of fetal calf serum had essentially no effect on the Con A- or
      phytohemagglutinin-stimulated DNA synthetic responses during the 3rd day of
      culture. These results demonstrate that detailed evaluation of culture variables
      and mitogen concentrations is required for the most meaningful use of mitogen
      stimulated DNA synthesis as a parameter for comparing different lymphoid cell
      populations.

PMID- 1079069
TI  - [Norepinephrine in gastrointestinal hemorrhage--a reply].

PMID- 1079070
TI  - [Experiences with therapy of 350 cases of Dupuytren's contraction (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1079071
TI  - Treatment of rheumatic disease.

PMID- 1079072
TI  - [Ocular complications in ophthalmic zoster (author's transl)].
AB  - Ocular complications occur in about 50% of cases of ophthalmic zoster. They
      include inflammatory reactions of the eyelid, conjunctivitis, scleritis,
      keratitis, iridocyclitis, secondary glaucoma, optic neuritis, internal
      ophthalmoplegia, ocular motor palsies and exophthalmos. Very dangerous
      complications are a concomitant facial paralysis and a neuroparalytic keratitis.
      Then a tarsorrhaphy should be done in time. An ophthalmologist should be
      consulted, when the side of the tip of the nose presents vesicles (Hutchinson's
      rule).

PMID- 1079073
TI  - The current status of esophagoscopy, gastroscopy, and duodenoscopy.

PMID- 1079074
TI  - Application of the flexible bronchoscope.

PMID- 1079075
TI  - [Traumatic thrombosis of cerebral arteries].
AB  - The authors report 4 cases of angiographically diagnosed traumatic thromboses of
      cerebral arteries. In two of them thrombosis of the middle cerebral artery was
      present and in one of them it was confirmed on autopsy. In one case thrombosis
      involved the basilar artery and in another the subcallosal artery. The time
      between the injury and development of neurological manifestations was from
      several hours to several weeks. Major disturbances of consciousness at the time
      of onset of focal central nervous system lesion were never observed. Attention is
      called to the necessity of differential diagnosis of these conditions against
      traumatic haematoma. In the light of pertinent literature the problems of
      diagnosis, treatment and pathogenesis of traumatic cerebral arterial thrombosis
      are discussed.

PMID- 1079076
TI  - The effect of various putative neurotransmitters on the release of corticotrophin
      releasing hormone from the hypothalamus of the rat in vitro. I. The effect of
      acetylcholine and noradrenaline.
AB  - The effect of various putative neurotransmitters upon the release of
      corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) was investigated using the hypothalamus of
      the rat in vitro. Acetylcholine (1-5 pg) caused a dose-dependent release of CRH
      which was antagonized by hexamethonium (1-10ng) and partially antagonized by
      atropine (300 pg). Neither noradrenaline, dopamine nor histamine had any effect
      on the basal secretion of CRH. Noradrenaline (10 ng), however, was able to
      inhibit the release of CRH in response to acetylcholine (3 pg) and this action of
      noradrenaline was reduced by phentolamine (100 ng), an alpha adrenergic blocking
      agent.

PMID- 1079077
TI  - Postpartum hemorrhage and reevaluation of uterine packing.
AB  - Postpartum hemorrhage, occurring in 153 patients, is categorized according to
      etiology, predisposing conditions, and severity. Ruptured uterus is considered as
      a cause of postpartum hemorrhage, with an incidence of 7.1% overall and 11.9% in
      patients with severe hemorrhage. The effectiveness and complications of the
      uterine pack, used in 33 patients, are evaluated.

PMID- 1079078
TI  - Epikeratoprosthesis.

PMID- 1079079
TI  - [The effect of regular physical exercise on the function of the vestibular
      apparatus].

PMID- 1079080
TI  - [Intravesical transurethral electrotherapy of bladder paralysis].

PMID- 1079081
TI  - [Submandibular diffuse arteriovenous aneurysm].

PMID- 1079082
TI  - Roentgenographic evaluation of infant and childhood trauma.
AB  - The roentgenographic evaluation of the traumatized child must be appropriate for
      the injuries present. In the acute phase emergency screening roentgenograms
      tailored to the type of trauma being investigated are performed. Detailed
      evaluation and special studies are performed when indicated. In some instances
      these examinations are needed on an emergency basis; in other cases a more
      leisurely study can be performed when the patient's condition improves.

PMID- 1079083
TI  - Spike frequency of the nodal membrane generated by high-frequency alternating
      current.
AB  - Changes in membrane potential of single frog motor nerve fibres due to
      alternating current (ac) between 4 kHz and 20 kHz were recorded in the air gap
      equipment under constant current conditions at 20 degrees C. The experimental
      findings were compared with the results of computations on the basis of potential
      clamp data. Ac shifted mean membrane potential (averaged for every ac period) in
      the direction of depolarization. The mean depolarization Vm depended on current
      strength I; it disappeared when the sodium permeability was blocked, in the
      experiments by tetrodotoxin. In a current range between about 1 and 3 fold
      threshold strength the ac initiated repetitive activity with response frequencies
      v between averaged 120 Hz and 820 Hz or in the computations even higher; v
      depended logarithimically on current strength, but was independent of ac
      frequency. Elimination of current amplitude I from the nonlinear realtions v(I) 
      and Vm(I) led to a linear function between v and Vm. Both v and Vm depended
      markedly on prepolarization of the node. The results were attributed to the
      preferred activation of the sodium permeability under maintained high frequency
      ac stimulation. Differences between computations and constant current experiments
      occurred for very long stimulus duration when rhythmical discharges died out in
      the experiment.

PMID- 1079084
TI  - Eye, head and body movements of the guinea pig in response to optokinetic
      stimulation and sinusoidal oscillation in yaw.
AB  - Reflex head and eye movements were observed in the guinea pig subjected to
      optokinetic stimulation and whole body oscillation in the yaw axis. Optokinetic
      stimuli induced low velocity head movements in the direction of the stimulus with
      stepwise movements in the opposite direction. With motion stimuli, the head was
      well stabilized in space and moved to new positions in stepwise manner; in the
      absence of vision the head was not able to maintain a stable position. The onset
      of a stepwise head movement was always synchronized with a saccadic eye movement
      in the same direction, the coordination being similar to voluntary movement.
      During good head stabilization, vestibular-ocular nystagmus did not occur. The
      guinea pig appears to avoid nystagmus by stabilizing its head preferentially. It
      is likely that the vestibular ocular reflex compensates for head displacement
      with unity gain in the frequency range of voluntary and stepwise reflex head
      movement and that a close relationship exists between the control of saccadic eye
      movements and that of voluntary or reflex head movement.

PMID- 1079085
TI  - Studies on the thymic dependence of the immunoglobulin classes of the mouse
      (38570).
AB  - The influence of the thymus on serum immunoglobin (Ig) concentration was studied
      by a comparison of serum Ig levels in congenitally athymic (nu/nu) mice versus
      control littermate heterozygotes and adult thymectomized, irradiated, bone marrow
      reconsituted mice (ATx plus B) versus adult thymectomized, irradiated mice
      reconstituted with bone marrow and thymus (ATx plus BT). IN THE FORMER GROUP
      IgGl.  IgA, and IgG2a were 8%, 17% and 31% of controls.  IgM levels were
      increased (340%) compared to controls.  When ATx plus B mice were compared to
      controls.  When ATx plus B mice were compared with nonirradiated controls
      sigificant depressions were noted in serum IbGl and IgM.  The only significant
      decrease in serum Ig levels between ATx plus B and ATx plus BT was in IgGl. 
      These results are discussed in terms of the effects of thymic influence, residual
      T lymphocyte population differences between the two groups, and the effect of
      irradiation.

PMID- 1079086
TI  - [Fibroscopy in the diagnosis of upper digestive hemorrhages associated with
      hepatic cirrhosis].

PMID- 1079087
TI  - Potentiation of the L-5-hydroxytryptophan-induced elevation of plasma
      corticosterone levels in rats by a specific inhibitor of serotonin uptake.
AB  - The ability of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5HTP), a serotonin precursor, to elevate
      plasma levels of corticosterone in rats was confirmed. Pretreatment of the rats
      with 3-(p-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-N-methyl-3-phenyl-propylamine hydrochloride
      (Lilly 110140) markedly enhanced the elevation of corticosterone levels  by L
      5HTP. Since Lilly 110140 is a specific inhibitor of serotonin uptake, these
      results support the hypothesis that L-5HTP elevates corticosterone by enhancing
      neurotransmission through a serotoninergic pathway influencing ACTH release.

PMID- 1079088
TI  - Liver volume estimated by ultrasonic scanning before and after portal
      decompression surgery.
AB  - In 12 patients with cirrhosis of the liver, determination of the liver volume by
      ultrasonic scanning and of the galactose elimination capacity (GE) were made
      before and after portal decompression surgery. The liver volume decreased
      significantly, with a median decrease of 402 ml (psmaller than 0.01). Also the GE
      decreased, but relatively less than the liver volume, so that the calculated GE
      per unit liver volume increased, with a median increase of 5 mg per minute times
      100 ml liver volume (psmaller than 0.005). The decrease in liver volume following
      portal decompression is assumed to be due in part to reduction of liver blood
      volume, in part to loss of tissue water and fat, and probably to some loss of
      parenchyma, accounting for a reduction of the GE.

PMID- 1079089
TI  - Preoperative liver function tests correlated with encephalopathy after porta
      caval anastomosis.
AB  - In 31 patients with cirrhosis of the liver undergoing porta-caval shunt surgery,
      the prognostic value of some liver function tests was studied. The surgical
      mortality was not correlated with the test results. Serum concentrations of
      bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin were not correlated with postoperative
      encephalopathy, but the mutually correlated preoperative galactose elimination
      capacity and age of patients were correlated with encephalopathy development.
      Incapacitating encephalopathy mainly occurred in patients above 60 years of age,
      and when the galactose elimination capacity was at or less  than an arbitrary
      limit of 225 mg/min. The liver function decreased significantly following
      operation.

PMID- 1079090
TI  - The use of a short-lived radionuclide in the investigation of acute bleeding in
      the upper gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - A method is described for the detection and monitoring of bleeding in the upper
      gastrointestinal tract. A short-lived radionuclide (113In-m) is used. Acute
      bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal tract in patients without signs of shock
      and preshock usually stopped within a short time after onset.

PMID- 1079091
TI  - [Problems of aortocoronary bypass. Indications for coronary angiography and
      ventriculography; results of direct bypassing coronary surgery].
AB  - The introduction of selective coronary arteriography and aorto-to-coronary
      saphenous vein bypass surgery (a.-c bypass) has fundamentally altered our
      understanding of ischemic heart disease (IHD). The indications for the effective
      diagnostic procedure and the results of the new and increasingly important
      surgical technique are summarized. Selective coronary arteriography should be
      performed (a) in patients with known IHD in order to furnish the anatomical and
      functional information necessary to assess the indication for surgery, i.e. in
      patients below 60 years with intractable stable or unstable (impending
      infarction) angina. It is rarely indicated in patients with an old myocardial
      infarction who are free from symptoms. It is debatable in patients during the
      acute stage of infarction; (b) in patients with questionable IHD, with the aim of
      ruling out or confirming the condition, i.e. mainly in patients with atypical
      chest pain or with equivocal ecg findings. The risks of the procedure, if carried
      out by experienced personnel, are small. Selective arteriography will always be
      supplemented by a selective left ventricular angiography yielding important
      information concerning the functional behaviour of the myocardium. In judging the
      therapeutic value of a.-c. bypass surgery it should be noted that postoperatively
      60 to 70 percent of the patients present without symptoms and 80 to 95 percent
      feel markedly better, and that physical performance is enhanced in about the same
      proportions. An improvement in left ventricular function under exercise
      conditions seems to be rare. Hospital mortality of a.-c. bypass operation is
      small and below 5 percent if patients with stable angina and without myocardial
      failure, previous infarctions or mitral regurgitation are considered. In the
      presence of an ischemic cardiomyopathy, on the other hand, the mere surgical risk
      soon reaches prohibitive limits. The incidence of early complicating myocardial
      infarctions ranges around 10 percent. Bypass occlusion occurs in some 5 to 15
      percent during the early postoperative phase, while in the following months and
      years the patency rate diminishes but little. If the survival rates of operated
      and non-operated patients with IHD are compared it becomes evident that a
      prolongation of life is possible whenever surgery aims at a correction of two-
      and three-vessel disease (including the prognostically unfavourable isolated
      stenosis of the left anterior descending branch and stenosis of left main artery)
      whereas the natural course of isolated lesions of the right coronary artery and
      the left circumflex branch seems to balance the effect of corresponding surgical
      interventions. It should be borne in mind, however, that the follow-up periods on
      which these statements are based do not exceed 3-4 years.

PMID- 1079092
TI  - [Dyserythropoietic anemai].
AB  - A systematic study of dyserythropoietic conditions has been conducted in the
      light of present knowledge and the author's experience. Cytomorphologic and
      cytochemical investigations have been made of the following hemopathies: 1.
      primary idiopathic dyserythropoietic anemia morphologically similar to types I,
      II and III but noncongenital and without a positive acidified-serum test; 2. a
      special form of dyserythropoietic anemia associated with dyshemopoietic
      genotypical mucopolysaccharidosis, a new ly recognized from of inherited
      mucopolysaccharide storage; 3. dyserythropoietic anemia in a patient with
      homozygosity due to increased isolated HbA2, a Cooleg-like anemia characterized
      by very long survival without transfusion treatment; 4. dyserythropoietic changes
      prior to any treatment in the bone marrow of cases of promyelocytic,
      myelomonocytoid and basophilic leukemia. The cytomorphologic and serologic
      features of this clinical material are discussed. Particular reference is made to
      a new finding, i.e. phagocytosis of degenerated erythroblasts by Alder's
      granuloblasts, as a new form of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia. Finally, a
      further dyserythropoietic condition is pointed out which is related to human
      fetal erythropoiesis and characterized by a large number of reticuloerythroblast
      islets and a dyserythropoietic pattern. However, although it appears to point to
      ineffective erythropoiesis this last condition cannot be considered as pathologic
      but as a teleologic hemopoietic phenomenon.

PMID- 1079093
TI  - [Vestibular dizziness. Differential diagnosis and therapy].
AB  - Dizziness includes a wide variety of subjective sensations which are not
      conclusive as to their localization or pathogenesis. Even in the absence of other
      symptoms an analysis of dizziness, including consideration not only of its
      occurrence but also of its quality and course, can suggest several possibilities
      for differential diagnosis. We differentiate between positional vertigo,
      permanent vertigo and attacks of dizziness, which may be of long or only short
      (seconds to few minutes) duration. Based on this classification the differential
      diagnosis of vestibularly-induced dizziness, which ranges from distinct entities
      of peripheral disease (acute vestibulopathy, Meniere's disease) to symptomatic
      forms of peripheral or central pathogenesis, is discussed. The symptomatic
      medical treatment of vestibular dizziness is based on sedation of the central
      vestibular system. Translabyrinthine vestibular neurectomy is the treatment of
      choice for drug resistant Meniere's disease with a high frequency of attacks.

PMID- 1079094
TI  - [Vestibular dizziness. Differential diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1079095
TI  - Human lymphocytes:  similarity of B and T cell surface morphology.
AB  - When viewed by scanning electron microscopy human lymphocytes fixed in suspension
      and processed with minimal cell loss appear uniformly covered with short
      microvilli. Contrary to previous reports, lymphocytes from subpopulations
      selectively enriched for T cells are villous and indistinguishable from B
      lymphocytes. Whereas lymphocyte surface architecture can change rapidly and
      substantially in response to environmental modifications, such as contact with an
      underlying surface, these alterations are similar for both B and T cells and do
      not serve to distinguish these subpopulations.

PMID- 1079096
TI  - Intrahepatic cholangioenteric anastomosis in carcinoma of the hilus of the liver.
AB  - It is important to expand the indications for resection of tumors of the hilas,
      generally requiring associated hepatectomy, after careful search for metastases
      and biopsy of any suspicious areas makes this reasonable. One can justify such a
      procedure, representing a major stress and a considerable mortality rate, only if
      one is sure that all the tumor will be removed. If resection cannot be carried
      out, a unilateral intrahepatic cholangioenteric anastomosis with preference for
      the round ligament technique is an excellent procedure when properly applied. If
      a contraindication to a left sided anastomosis exists, particularly invasion of
      the left sided confluences, the anastomosis is made on the right to the duct of
      segment V. Study of the cholangiogram with attenion to the primary and secondary
      confluences directs a decision to perform a double anastomosis the ducts are not
      dilated or a poor quality anastomosis is all that can be achieved on one side and
      when secondary confluents are involved on both sides. The results of a variety of
      techniques emphasize the importance of the cholangiogram in choosing the location
      of an anastomosis and the role of invasion of primary and secondary conversions
      in choosing the technique. Many of thse patients are young and, even if no
      resection is possible, amy survive several years. A renewed sense of well being
      and prolongation of life are achievable goals even if the tumor cannot be
      removed. There is every reason to offer the maximum to these patients so that, if
      they muse eventually die, it will be from the tumor itself and not from its
      biliary complications.

PMID- 1079097
TI  - Tumors.

PMID- 1079098
TI  - [Quality in nursing. From observation to action: a process of pros and cons].

PMID- 1079099
TI  - [Sublingual hemorrhages in equne infectious anemia and their diagnostic
      significance].

PMID- 1079100
TI  - [Characteristics of the course of pregnancy and labor in women with uterine
      myoma].

PMID- 1079101
TI  - Clinical immunology, present and future.

PMID- 1079103
TI  - Abdominal aortic aneurysm: immediate results and extended outlook.

PMID- 1079102
TI  - Incidence and prevention of pulmonary embolism after coronary artery surgery.
AB  - Pulmonary embolism is one of the common complications of aortocoronary artery
      graft surgery. During one year period, 22 patients had documented evidence of
      pulmonary embolism out of 231 patients who were operated. There were four deaths
      and all confirmed by autopsy. Clinical signs of phlebitis were absent in many
      cases of pulmonary embolism. Elastic stockings were not effective to prevent
      phlebitis. Heparin did not prevent deaths in all four patients. Heparin therapy
      and aggressive caval interruption by Modin-Uddin umbrella has eliminated deaths
      in the last 450 cases.

PMID- 1079104
TI  - [Modern methods of treating traumatic diseases of the spinal cord].

PMID- 1079105
TI  - [Obtaining specific non-adsorbed sera to Haemophilus influenza for the
      agglutination test on glass].
AB  - Type-specific agglutinating sera to capsular antigenas of H. influenzae were
      recovered (from 1:3200 to 1:25600). With the given immunization scheme there
      formed mostly IgG immunoglobulins, and only insignificant amount of IgM
      (separation of G-200 Sephadex gel). IgG were found to be responsible for the type
      specificity of the sera to bacteria, whereas the cross reactions within the H.
      influenzae genus were connected connected with the IgM. Use of the sera heated at
      various temperature regimens offered a possibility of obtaining highly specific
      agglutinating sera with the aid of which express serodiagnosis of the isolated H.
      influenzae strains was possible.

PMID- 1079106
TI  - Immunological approaches to fertility control.

PMID- 1079107
TI  - Lupus-like syndrome associated with pulmonary reaction to nitrofurantoin. Report
      of three cases.
AB  - A systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome developed simultaneously with
      pulmonary reactions of the chronic type in three female patients after treatment
      with nitrofurantoin for 12, 27 and 38 months, respectively. The syndrome was
      characterized by elevated ESR, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia, the presence
      of IgG antinuclear antibodies and a positive latex-fixation test. Two patients
      had severe arthralgia and one of them peripheral lymphadenopathy. Pleural
      effusion and a chronic active hepatitis were present in the third patient, in
      whom interstitial cystitis also developed. All signs and symptoms of the lupus
      like syndrome disappeared, without corticosteroid or other medication, when
      nitrofurantoin was omitted. The diminution of pulmonary infiltrates and the
      reversal of interstitial cystitis also appeared to be directly related to
      cessation of nitrofurantoin therapy. Our findings indicate that long-term
      medication with nitrofurantoin may cause, in addition to pulmonary changes, a
      simultaneous lupus-like syndrome our data also raise the possibility that
      interstitial cystitis may occur as an adverse reaction to nitrofurantoin therapy.

PMID- 1079108
TI  - Structural and functional relationships of human antithrombin III and alpha
      antitrypsin.

PMID- 1079109
TI  - The "doughnut sign" in subdural effusion.

PMID- 1079110
TI  - Hypernatremia following gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis with ascites.
AB  - 3 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and ascites underwent increased diuresis on six
      occasions, closely related to episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding. In each
      instance the increased urine volume was preceded by a sharp increase in blood
      urea nitrogen, presumably due to absorption of nitrogenous compounds from the
      gastrointestinal tract, suggesting a mechanism of osmotic diuresis. In each case
      there was a signigicant increase in serum sodium and osmolality, related to the
      greater-water-than-sodium diuresis induced by urea, which was promptly reversed
      by the administration of water or isotonic solution. Clinically this syndrome may
      be defined as the association of hypernatremia and hyperosmolality due to osmotic
      diuresis from urea appearing in a cirrhotic patient with ascites and
      gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1079111
TI  - Alcohol injury to gastric mucosa in mice and its potentiation by stress.
AB  - This investigation was initiated to separately evaluate the roles of dose and
      concentration of ethanol ingestion in the development of acute gastric mucosal
      injury and to determine the significance of stress as a potentiating factor in
      ethanol damage. A total of 423 mice were used in this study. Alcohol at the low
      concentration of 10% and at any of the doses used (1-5 g/kh wt) did not cause
      gastric mucosal lesions. Similarly, alcohol at the low dose of 1 g/kg wt at any
      of the concentrations used (10-50%) did not produce any gross injury to the
      stomach. A single oral administration of ethanol, given at doses of 2-5 g/kg wt
      and at concentrations of 25-50%, resulted in hyperemia and multiple fundic
      erosions and, less frequently, antral erosion. The incidence, number, and
      severity of these lesions rapidly increased with increase in ethanol
      concentration, ethanol dose, or both. Healing was rapid; at best, lesions were
      only barely visible 72 hours after alcohol ingestion. Repeated daily doses of
      ethanol given for 3-5 days did not increase the incidence and number of lesions,
      probably due to their capacity for rapid healing. Mild stress, in the form of 1
      hour restraint in the cold room at 8 degrees C, by itself caused very little
      mucosal injury in mice, but significantly potentiated the injurious effect of 35%
      ethanol administered in a 3 g/kh dose. Stress following alcohol intake
      potentiated gastric mucosal injury much more than if the stress preceded the
      alcohol ingestion. The incidence, number, and severity of erosions was here 3,4
      and 11 times, respectively, greater than the additive effect of alcohol and
      stress together (P smaller than 0.001). Thus, the extent of ethanol damage to the
      stomach related both to the concentration and dose of ethanol infested. Stress,
      especially when following excessive ethanol intake, was a highly significant
      factor in the potentiation of acute alcoholic gastric mucosal injury.

PMID- 1079112
TI  - The effect of neuraminidase on genetic variants of alpha anitrypsin.
AB  - Sera of Pi types M, F, S, Z, IM, FM, MS, and MZ were incubated with neuraminidase
      and the reaction products followed by electrophoresis. The alpha1 antitrypsin
      components showed a series of changes in mobility as sialic residues were
      removed. Removal of sialic acid was confirmed by chemical assay. Results of
      studies with two different electrophoretic systems suggested that the Z type
      alpha1 antitrypsin has less sialic acid than the M, F, and S types. There was no
      evidence that other genetic variants have a reduced sialic acid content. The two
      major bands of alpha1 antitrypsin seen in certain electrophoretic systems may
      reflect a difference of one sialic acid residue. It is proposed that the Z
      protein lacks a carbohydrate chain with two terminal sialic acid residues. This
      carbohydrate deficiency results in lack of secretion of type Z alpha1 antitrypsin
      from the endoplasmic reticulum, perhaps because of binding to sites specific for
      the incomplete glycoprotein or because of aggregation of the Z asialo protein. A
      carbohydrate chain could be prevented from attaching to the Z type either because
      of a conformational change or because of the replacement of a carbohydrate
      binding asparagine residue in the Z protein.

PMID- 1079113
TI  - Mass screening of newborn Swedish infants for alpha antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - During the first year of mass screening for alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency,
      108,000 newborn Swedish infants were examined. The screening method and criteria
      used for selecting infants with alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency were reliable. The
      Pi Z phenotype occurred at a rate of one per 1,433 infants, and the PiZ allele
      frequency was .026. The Pi- allele was found in one Pi Z and one Pi S infant. The
      Pi- allele frequency probably was below .001.

PMID- 1079114
TI  - Improved long-term survival after aortocoronary bypass for advanced coronary
      artery disease.
AB  - Three hundred thirty patients undergoing coronary bypass grafts for disabling
      angina, "preinfarction" angina, or coronary occlusion without cardiogenic shock
      have undergone coronary revascularization from July 1970 to March 1974. The
      operative mortality was 1.2 per cent and the long-term mortality, 4 per cent.
      Patients were subjected to life table analysis, and the figures suggest that in
      patients with two- and three-vessel coronary artery disease who received complete
      revascularization, there was a significant prolongation of life when compared
      with data from a large series of medically treated patients with angiographically
      documented coronary artery disease. Longer follow-up data will be important in
      definitively ascertaining the favorable effect of coronary revascularization on
      longevity.

PMID- 1079115
TI  - Arteriovenous malformations of the bowel: an obscure cause of bleeding.

PMID- 1079116
TI  - Ultrastructural variation in granular dystrophy of the cornea.
AB  - Corneal deposits of granular dystrophy were studies in six corneas from five
      patients. Two additional corneas from two patients with lattice dystrophy were
      used for comparison. The diagnoses were confirmed by light and electron
      microscopy. Three types of ultrastructural features were distinguished in the
      electron-dense rod-shaped deposits of granular dystrophy, i.e., Type 1 with
      homogenous structure, Type 2 with fibrillar constituents, and Type 3 with a moth
      eaten or sponge-like appearance. In polarization microscopy of Congo-red stained
      sections, the Type 2 tended to show an increased birefringence without green
      dichroism, while the other types were less birefringent than the stroma. Three
      different components were found immediately around the deposits, i.e., 1. normal
      collagen fibrils, 2. finely filamentous substance, and 3. areas of thin fibrils
      (70-100 A in diameter). While the second component appeared non-specific, the
      third component was found only in two corneas, superimposed on the lesions of
      granular dystrophy, and showed light and electron microscopic characteristics of
      the lesions of amyloid as well as of lattice dystrophy.

PMID- 1079117
TI  - Goldmann applanation versus hand-applanation and .schiotz indentation tonometry.
AB  - For evaluation of hand-applanation tonometry comparative measurements of
      intraocular pressure have been carried out using the Goldmann applanation
      tonometer, the Draeger and Perkins hand-applanation tonometers and the Schiotz
      indentation tonometer. A series of 52 eyes has been tested. The statistical
      analysis was based on the Goldmann tonometry as a reference system. The hand
      applanation tonometers were found to be in satisfactory agreement with the
      Goldmann tonometer, whereas the Schiotz tonometer gave significantly low values
      in the pressure range considered.

PMID- 1079118
TI  - [Intraocular pressure after changing the patient's position (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of the patient's position (sitting or supine) on the intraocular
      pressure has been examined by means of Goldmann applanation-tonometry. The
      statistical analysis shows that the intraocular pressure decreases after the
      first measurement. This is the reason for measuring higher values in the first
      position, irrespective wether the first measurement is done in sitting or supine
      position. Analysing the values of steady state pressure i.e. 12 min after taking
      or changing position indicates a little higher mean value of intraocular pressure
      in the sitting position of the patient. The difference of mean valuse of sitting
      ans supine position of the patient is not significant. There are patients who
      have always higher others have always lower values of intraocular pressure in the
      supine position. These observations described earlier by Strobl and Follmann,
      have been confirmed by repeated measurements on 19 patients with differences in
      both directions of 2 to 4 mm Hg. For this reason it seems not feasible to use a
      statistical mean value of a population to correct the intraocular pressure of a
      particular case after changing position.

PMID- 1079119
TI  - [Identification of zonula fiber protein by disc-electrophoresis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - By our investigations we found identity of collagen and zonula fibers protein. In
      Disk-electrophoresis both the zonula fibers ans the fibers of the vitreous show
      the alpha-component only. Therefore it is likely that these proteins are closely
      related.

PMID- 1079120
TI  - [Determination of bovine aqueous humor proteins (author's transl)].
AB  - By turbidimetry, Disk-electrophoresis, combined Disk-immunomethod, and single
      radial immunodiffusion it was possible both to identify some proteins and to
      determine the protein content and the albumine concentration of bovine aqueous
      humor.

PMID- 1079121
TI  - Alkali and acid burns of the rabbit eye: uptake of intravenously injected Na125I
      and Na131I into the cornea and iris.
AB  - Rabbit eyes were burned either with 1 N sodium hydroxide or 1 N hydrochloric
      acid. In a previous part of the study (Obenberger and Babicky, 1974) authors
      measured the aqueous flow using intravenous injections of Na125I and Na 131I. In
      the present study the uptake of iodine into the cornea and iris is investigated
      in the same eyes. Caustic injuries of both types initially cause changes in the
      specific activity of the aqueous affecting the uptake of iodine into the examined
      tissues.

PMID- 1079122
TI  - The ontogeny of the immune system.

PMID- 1079123
TI  - Newcastle disease in normal and immunodeficient chickens.

PMID- 1079124
TI  - Immunologic studies in patients with recurrent bronchopulmonary infections.
AB  - In view of the known association of several different immune deficiency disorders
      with infections of the respiratory tract, a number of immunologic parameters were
      investigated in 15 patients with recurrent brochopulmonary infections. The
      patients' neutrophils all demonstrated normal intracellular killing of
      Staphylococcus aureus, and responded normally to chemotactic stimuli. Although
      assays of complement 3c were normal in all patients' sera, defective total
      hemolytic complement activity was consistently shown in 1 patinets manifested
      elevated serum immunoglobulin concentrations. Severe alpha1 -antitrypsin
      deficiency (Pi ZZ phenotype) was discovered in 1 patient. Three patients
      displayed cutaneous anergy to a battery of skin-test antigens, but lymphocytes
      from all patients studied responded normally to in vitro phytohemagglutinin
      stimulation. A "blocking" factor found in the serum of 3 patients suppressed the
      in bitro transformation of normal Candida-responsive lymphocytes by Candida
      albicans antigen. "Cold" lymphocytotoxins were detected in the sera of 10
      patients, but in only 3 of 19 control sera. Although the significance of these
      findings is unknown, they may possibly have pathogenetic relevance in a small
      number of the patients studied.

PMID- 1079125
TI  - Gram-negative endophthalmitis: Case report.

PMID- 1079126
TI  - Transvestibular approach to the internal auditory canal.
AB  - Summary--A surgical approach to the internal auditory canal is presented which as
      proved useful in the following circumstances: 1) as a destructive procedure in
      Meniere's disease, 2) as a diagnostic procedure in patients in whom an acoustic
      neurinoma is suspected and a labrinthectomy is indicated. In this situation the
      tumor may be removed during the same operative procedure, 3) for the removal of
      small, mobile, intracanalicular neurionomas, and 4) for complete facial nerve
      decompression in patients with no vestibular response and no serviceable hearing.

PMID- 1079127
TI  - Studies on calciferol metabolism. Metabolism of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 by the
      chicken embryo.

PMID- 1079128
TI  - Mycosis fungoides cooperative study.

PMID- 1079129
TI  - Studies with Brugia pahangi. III: Histological changes in the affected lymph
      nodes of infected cats.
AB  - Cats infected with Brugia pahangi by single or repeated inoculation of infective
      larvae for different periods of time, were autopsied and the affected lymph nodes
      examined histologically, stained with methyl green and pyronin Y, haematoxylin
      and eosin, Lendrum's eosinophil stain, Mallory's trichrome stain or the May
      Grunwald Giemsa technique. In single infections, there was initially a cell
      mediated type immunological response which was characterized by proliferation of
      mononuclear thymus-dependent cells in the paracortical region of the lymph node.
      The antibody-type response became more evident as the infections progressed. This
      response was characterized by proliferation of lymphocytes in rapidly enlarging
      germinal centres and the production of large numbers of plasma cells in the
      cortico-medullary junction and medullary cords of the nodes. In long term
      infections, the affected afferent lymphatic vessel and popliteal node were almost
      obliterated by fibrous tissue, but an inguinal lymph node complex usually
      developed to replace lymphatic filtration in the limb. Repeated infections
      produced more complicated changes. Both types of response occurred to varying
      degrees throughout the infection. No significant increase in mast cells or
      eosinophil cells was seen. Fibrous tissue increased in the lymph nodes only after
      long periods of infection; such nodes often became non-functional, and by-passed
      by new lymphatic vessels.

PMID- 1079130
TI  - Simplified circular aortotomy in aortocoronary bypass operations.
AB  - Adaptation of a rongeur technique facilitates aortotomy in aortocoronary bypass
      operations. A single motion with a double-action duckbilled rongeur produces a
      smooth-walled, symmetrical aortotomy which varies in shape predictably according
      to the angle at which the rongeur is held relative to the axis of the aorta.

PMID- 1079131
TI  - Sarcoplasmic masses. Enzyme histochemistry and autoradiography.
AB  - A comparative enzyme-histochemical study was made of the sarcoplasmic masses in a
      muscle biopsy specimen from a patient with myotonic dystrophy and those in the
      jaw-muscle of the Rana temporaria tadpole. The enzyme-histochemical patterns of
      the two methods proved to be identical. An autoradiographic study was made of the
      sarcoplasmic masses in the R temporaria tadpole with DL-thyroxine-2-14C and
      levomethionine 35S. The radioactivity labeled compounds were found to be stored
      or incorporated mainly in the myofibrillae, and virtually not at all in the
      sarcoplasmic masses.

PMID- 1079132
TI  - [Histogenesis of the immune system of the "nude" mouse. Postnatal development of
      the thymus: a light microscopical study (author's transl)].
AB  - Mice homozygous for the mutation "nude" display a dysgenetic thymus (Pantelouris,
      1968). The anterior mediastinum of these animals contains a rudimentary
      epithelial organ (pantelouris and Hair, 1970), which has been assumed to
      represent not a maldeveloped thymus, but rather a remnant of the parathyroid
      gland or of the ultimobranchial body (Wortis et al., 1971). We have investigated
      the development of the thymus in homo- and heterozygous nude by both light and
      electron microscopy. This paper describes the light microscopical findings in
      embryos and fetuses from the 11th up to the 18th day post conceptionem (pc).
      MATERIALS AND METHODS: Homo- and heterozygous nude (nu/nu + nu/+) mice with the
      genetic background BALB/c were kept under specific pathogen-free (spf)
      conditions. Virgin nu/+ females were mated with nu/nu males. In addition,
      homozygous females were mated with homozygous males in order to investigate 11
      day-old homozygous embryos. The embryos and fetuses were fixed in Bouin's
      solution and embedded in paraffin wax. Serial frontal sections (5mu) were stained
      with hematoxylin and eosin. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Up to the 12th day pc, the
      thymus anlage of the n/nu embryo is indistinguishable from that of the nu/+
      animal. The paired anlage develops from the epithelium of the ventral and dorsal
      diverticles of the 3rd pharyngeal pouch, and from the ectodermal vesicula
      cervicalis. In the nu/+ embryo, the thymic epithelium begins to proliferate
      between the 12th day and 13th day pc. In the central part of the anlage, the
      epithelial cells dissociate and begin to form a reticulum. At the same time,
      blood vessels from the surrounding mesenchyme invade the anlage. From the 14th
      day onwards, lymphoblasts are recognizable..

PMID- 1079133
TI  - 300 MHz NMR study on the effect of base stacking on backbone conformational
      flexibility in oxy- and deoxy- adenyl dinucleosides.

PMID- 1079134
TI  - Fate of coronary collateral circulation after aorto-coronary saphenous vein
      bypass grafts.
AB  - The pre- and postoperative patterns of coronary artery collateral circulation
      have been studied in 34 patients who had saphenous vein bypass grafting. When the
      graft remained patent homocoronary collaterals could not be visualized after
      operation, but new intercoronary anastomoses frequently developed to other
      diseased arteries. When the graft and the bypassed artery were both obstructed
      there was a high incidence (5 out of 11) of myocardial infarction despite good
      preoperative collaterals.

PMID- 1079135
TI  - Effect of aorto-coronary grafts and native vessel patency on the occurrence of
      angina pectoris after coronary bypass surgery.
AB  - Exercise testing of 52 patients on average 11 months after coronary bypass
      surgery for the relief of angina pectoris disclosed improvement in total work (P
      is less than 0.001), maximal tolerated load (P is smaller than 0.001), maximal
      heart rate (P is smaller than 0.01), and reduction of maximal ST segment
      depression (P is smaller than 0.001) in a group of 36 patients with all grafts
      patent. In another group of 16 patients with one or more grafts occluded the only
      significant change was a reduction in the maximal ST segment depression (P is
      smaller than 0.01). Early and late postoperative angiograms showed that 75 per
      cent of the grafts that became occluded were already closed a few weeks after
      operation. Occluded grafts were accompanied by persistence of collaterals, which
      disappeared or dimished in the majority of patients with patent grafts.
      Progression in native vessel lesions occurred in 40 per cent of patients.  It was
      related to the grafting procedure (P is smaller than 0.01) but not to the state
      of grafts. The change in native vessels and other variables studied was equal in
      the patent and occluded graft groups, justifying the conclusion that graft
      patency was the major factor alleviating angina after operation.

PMID- 1079136
TI  - Secondary postpartum haemorrhage.
AB  - The clinical features of 106 women who had a secondary postpartum haemorrhage
      were examined in detail; 39 were managed conservatively, 3 had a vaginal
      laceration resutured and 64 had a curettage. In 46 patients, material obtained by
      curettage was examined histologically. The clinical features associated with
      retained products of conception are defined and comparisons are made between
      conservative and surgical management of secondary postpartum haemorrhage.

PMID- 1079137
TI  - Secondary anterior crocodile shagreen of Vogt.
AB  - The clincopathological features and pathogenesis of secondary mosaic degeneration
      of the cornea (anterior crocodile shagreen of Vogt) are described. The structural
      basis for the normal anterior corneal mosaic pattern seems to lie in the
      particular arrangement of many prominent collagen lamellae of the anterior stroma
      that thake an oblique course to gain insertion into Bowman's layer. Since, at
      normal intraocular pressure, Bowman's layer is under tension, when viewed from
      the anterior surface the cornea appears smooth. By releasing the tension,
      however, a reproducible polygonal ridge pattern becomes manifest. It is suggested
      that a prolonged phthisical state of the eye is one condition wherein the mosaic
      pattern may become permanent and that, as a secondary event, this is followed by
      irregular calcification of Bowman's layer which particularly involves the ridges
      projecting into the epithelium. Biomicroscopically these ridges corresponded to
      the branching reticular arrangement of the mosaic opacities.

PMID- 1079138
TI  - The metabolism of some folates in the rat.
AB  - 1. A number of folates labelles with 14-C were administered orally to rats, at
      various doses, and urinary, faecal and hepatic folates examined. 2. 10
      Formylpteroylmonoglutamic acid ( 10CHO--PGA) entered the folate pool very slowly,
      and is thought to be relatively ineffective in nutrition. 3. 10-Formyl[2-14
      C]tetrahydrofolic acid (10CHO--[2-14-C]THF) entered the folate pool very rapidly.
      5-Methyl[2-14-C]tetrahydrofolate (5CH3--[2-14-C]THF) was the major urinary
      folate. 4. 5-Formyl[2-14-C]tetrahydrofolic acid (5CHO--[2-14-C]THF) entered the
      folate pool only to a small extent. 5CHO--[2-14-C]THF, given intravenously,
      produced no urinary 5CH3--[2-14-C]THF in the first 6 h. 5. 5,10-Methylidyne[2-14
      C]tetrahydrofolic acid was metabolized to an extent which was dependant on the
      dose. At doses of 3 and 30 mug/kg body-weight, 5CH3--[2-14-C]THF represented 5-4
      and 20% respectively of urinary folates anf for 10CHO--[2-14]PGA, the values were
      16% of total urinary folates after the higher dose, and 78-5% after the lower
      dose. 6. Results obtained for the metabolism of 5CH3--THF varied depending on the
      position of the labelling: 5-14-CH3-THF gave no labelled urinary folate, the
      methyl group being lost rapidly. When 5CH3--[2-14-C]THF was given, it appeared as
      the major urinary folate. 7. Folates found in the liver after oral administration
      of labelled folates were identified by thin-layer chromatography; only folate
      monoglutamates were identified.

PMID- 1079139
TI  - Membrane biosynthesis in the frog retina: opsin transport in the photoreceptor
      cell.
AB  - Rhodopsin biosynthesis and transport in the photoreceptor cell have been analyzed
      by subcellular fractionation of frog retinas after short periods of radioactive
      amino acid incorporation in vivo. Labelled membrane proteins were identified by
      autoradiography or sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. One of the most
      intensly labeled proteins in retina had a molecular weight comparable to opsin
      isolated from purified rod outer segments (ROS). Incorporation of label into this
      protein was rapid; the relative specific activity then diminished after the first
      2 hr as radioactivity was transferred from retinal subcellular fractions to ROS.
      The kinetics of this transfer resembled rates previously observed by Hall et al.
      (Hall, M. O., Bok, D., and Bacharach, A.C.E. (1969), J. Mol. Biol. 45, 397). To
      identify the rapidly labeled protein as opsin we devised a new technique of two
      dimensional immunoelectrophoresis of detergent solubilized membrane proteins.
      Antibodies were prepared against both whole ROS and opsin. After initial
      separation of retinal proteins on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, a
      second dimension of electrophoresis in agarose, containing antisera, resulted in
      the formation of specific immunoprecipitates. Immunochemical analysis of all
      membranous and soluble retinal subcellular fractions indicated that newly
      synthesized opsin was membrane bound upon completion of synthesis. At no period
      of incorporation was a soluble form of newly synthesized opsin detectable. On
      this basis, we suggest that this protein is apparently transported as a water
      insoluble membrane-bound molecule through the cytoplasm or along membranes of the
      inner segment to its assembly site near the base of the outer segment.

PMID- 1079140
TI  - Optical diffraction study of muscle fibers.
AB  - Skeletal muscle fibers act as a one-dimensional grating to electromagnetic waves
      in the optical frequency range. Results are presented of the optical diffraction
      study of frog sartorius muscle fibers. 1. A simple theoretical consideration
      predicts that, at a sarcomere length near 3 mum, the second-order reflection is
      contributed only by the thin filaments due to the destructive interference
      between scattered rays from thick filaments. At that sarcomere length, both the
      first-order and the third-order reflections are contributed by both kinds of
      filaments. 2. Intensity measurements of diffraction lines of muscle fibers at
      rest at various sarcomere lengths confirmed the validity of our theoretical
      prediction.3. The isometric contraction of skinned fibers was realized by the
      phoretic injection of Ca2+ from a micropipette. During the Ca2+ injection
      intensity drops of the diffraction lines were observed. At a very narrow range of
      sarcomere lengths near 3 mum, the intensity drop of the second-order diffraction
      line became very small on Ca2+ injection, whereas the intensity drops of both the
      first-order and the third-order diffraction lines were very large. 4. A
      theoretical analysis concludes that the intensity drops on Ca2'njection are
      solely due to small random fluctuations of the position of thick filaments in the
      sarcomeres.

PMID- 1079141
TI  - X-ray diffraction studies of retinal rods. I. Structure of the disc membrane,
      effect of illumination.
AB  - The structure of the retinal rod disc membrane and its modifications upon
      bleaching have been studied by X-ray diffraction. Three types of preparations are
      used: functioning isolated from retina, isolated rods from frog retina, oriented
      by a magnetic field, and stacked discs from cattle retina. X-rays are detected by
      a position-sensitive linear counter. Diffraction spectra are obtained in 10-100
      s. The electron density profile favors models where the rhodopsin molecule spans
      the whole thickness of the membrane. Upon bleaching, a small increase of electron
      density appears instantly at the cytoplasmic edge of the membrane. In the intact
      retina this structural change is accompanied by disorder and slow swelling
      reactions which are not observed in the isolated rod outer segment. The
      diffraction signal arising from the protein distribution in the plane of the
      membrane has been reinvestigated carefully. Patterns identical to those of Blasie
      (Blaise (1969) J. Mol. Biol. 39, 407 and Blaise (1972) Biophys. J. 12, 191) can
      be obtained but these are shown to be dominated by artefacts. The actual signal
      is a single broad band around (55 A)-1, upon which bleaching has a negligible
      effect. No measurable displacement of rhodopsin in the thickness of the membrane
      occurs upon bleaching. Temperature effects on the protein distribution are found
      to be large only for disc membranes from cattle retina. In this material from a
      warm-blooded animal those effects are correlated with the occurrence, upon
      lowering the temperature, of a partial phase transition of the paraffin chains of
      the lipids. The position and the slope of the transition are not sensitive to
      bleaching.

PMID- 1079142
TI  - X-ray diffraction studies of retinal rods. II. Light effect on the osmotic
      properties.
AB  - A fast X-ray diffraction technique has been used to study the osmotic reaction of
      frog rod outer segments to bleaching and to changes in the osmolarity and
      composition of the outer medium. Dissected excitable retina and isolated outer
      segments have been used. Upon bleaching in isotonic Ringer only a small transient
      diminution of the disc repeat distance is observed in isolated rods. Disorder and
      slow swelling reactions are also observed in the intact cells. In calcium-free
      Ringer the light-induced shrinkage is considerably enhanced. In the intact cell
      this is interpretable as due to the switching off of a large sodium dark current.
      The persistence of the effect in isolated outer segment suggests the existence of
      an active ionic efflux from this part of the cell. Upon hypotonic shock, bleached
      rods swell more than dark-adapted ones. The difference, however, appears only in
      a slow component of the osmotic kinetics, a few minutes after the shock. Upon
      hyertonic shock, part of the rods, even in the "intact" excitable retina, appear
      to be leaking. Those cells which are intact are impermeable to all the solutes
      added to increase the osmolarity: NaC1, KC1, Sucrose, Melezitose. No light
      dependence of the response to a hyperosmotic NaC1 shock is detectable. The discs
      are osmotically reactive, even when the outer cell membrane of the rods is
      leaking. Assuming the discs to be perfect osmometers, a thickness of 20 plus or
      minus 5 A is estimated for the liquid layer inside the discs.

PMID- 1079143
TI  - Excited states of photosynthetic reaction centers at low recox potentials.
AB  - In preparations of photochemical reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas
      spheroides R-26, lowering the recox potential so as to reduce the primary
      electron acceptor prevents the photochemical transfer of an electron from
      bacteriochlorophyll to the acceptor.  Measuring absorbance changes under these
      conditions, we found that a 20-ns actinic flash converts the reaction center to a
      new state,  P-F, which then decays with a half-time that is between 1 and 10 ns
      at 295 degrees K.  At 25 degrees K, the decay half-time is approx.  20 ns.  The
      quantum yield of state P-F appears to be near 1.0, both at 295 and at 15 degrees
      K.  State P-F could be an intermediate in the photochemical electron-transfer
      reaction which occurs when the acceptor is in the oxidized form.  Following the
      decay of state P-F, we detected another state, P-R, with a decay half-time of 6
      mus at 295 degrees K and 120 mus at 15 degrees K.  The quantum yield of state P-R
      is approx. 0.1 at 295 degrees K, but rises to a value nearer 1.0 at 15 degrees K.
      The kinetics and quantum yields are consistent with the view that state P-R
      forms from P-F.  State P-R seems likely to be a side-product, rather than an
      intermediate in the electron-transfer process.  The decay kinetics indicate that
      state P-F cannot be identical with the lowest excited singlet state of the
      reaction center.  One of the two states, P-F or P-R, probably is the lowest
      excited triplet state of the reaction center, but it remains unclear which one.

PMID- 1079144
TI  - Diffusion resistance of endothelium and stroma of bullfrog cornea determined by
      potential response to K+.
AB  - Corneas of bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) were mounted between lucite chambers. A
      four-electrode system was used and the potential difference (PD) and the
      electrical resistance were measured. In intact corneas, the PD averaged 25 mV
      (acqueous side positive) and the electrical resistance 1.5 kQ - cm2. perfusion of
      the aqueous side with high K+ solutions resulted in a marked decrease in PD and a
      drop in the electrical resistance. Scraping the epithelium (leaving the stroma
      plus endothelium) resulted in a drop of the PD to about zero and a decrease in
      electrical resistance to about 0.1 kQ - CM2 and a very small PD response to a
      marked elevation of the K+ concentration on the aqueous side. On the basis of the
      above, it is obvious that the large delta PD in intact corneas, due to elevation
      of the K+ concentration, must be due to K+ diffusing from the aqueous side across
      the endothelium and stroma and reaching the epithelium. The duration of the PD
      response is therefore a measure of the resistance to diffusion of the stroma plus
      endothelium. A quantitiative analysis shows that under in vitro conditions the
      resistance of the endothelium plus stroma to the diffusion of ions is very low.

PMID- 1079145
TI  - Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance study of 17-O, 2-D, and 1-H of water in frog
      striated muscle.
AB  - Whole gastrocnemius muscles were incubated in Ringer's solution enriched with H2
      17O; the paired contralateral gastrocnemius muscles were incubated in a similar
      solution enriched with deuterons, as well. Subsequently, the longitudinal
      relaxation times (T1) were measured 17-O, 2-D, and 1-H, both at 8.1 MHz and at
      4.3 MHz. The results indicate that: (a) the absolute values of T1 characterizing
      the three nuclides are different in muscle and pure water. (b) the longitudinal
      relaxation rates of all three have an identical frequency dependence over the
      range studied, (c) the ratio (T1)2D/(T1)17ois the same in muscle water and pure
      water, while the ratio (T1)1H/(T1)17o is 2.1 times greater in pure water than it
      is in muscle water, and (d) 30-49 percent substitution of 2-D for 1-H has very
      little effect on the spin-lattice relaxation of tissue water protons. These data
      suggest that muscle water is in rapid exchange between a small fraction of
      immobilized molecules and a large fraction of free water. The results render
      unlikely the possibility that hypothetical ordering of muscle water significantly
      contributes to its longitudinal relaxation.

PMID- 1079146
TI  - [The effect of strychnine on the muscle receptors of cold-blooded animals].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on frogs. A study was made of the functional condition
      of the muscle receptors by the method of recording of spontaneous and afferent
      impulsation induced by the strain of the gastrocnemius in the peripheral section
      of the sciatic nerve or in the IX-X posterior spinal cord roots. It was revealed
      that strychnine administered into the general circulation and applied directly
      into the muscle produced a reduction and that applied to the spinal cord--on the
      contrary--caused an increase in the impulse generation in the muscle receptors.

PMID- 1079147
TI  - Hypothesis: differentiation of the human lymphoid system based on cell surface
      markers.
AB  - Human lymphocytes can be separated into distinct populations based upon receptors
      on their cell surface. Thymus-derived (T-cell) lymphocytes can be identified by
      their ability to form rosetts with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC); bone marrow-derived
      (B-cell) lymphocytes bear characteristic surface markers for immunoglobulin,
      complement, and the Fc portion of IgG. Recently, populations of lymphocytes
      having either multiple markers or no detectable markers (null cells) have been
      observed. Based on studies of cell surface markers, a scheme is proposed that
      expands the known differentiation of the lymphod cell to include subpopulations
      which represent developmental stages. It is suggested that lymphocyte maturation
      involves alloantigenic changes in a circulating stem cell-drived nill cell,
      leading to a cell bearing markers for both T- and B-cells. It is from this latter
      cell that the classic T- and B-cells ultimately arise. Maturational defects which
      may explain the origin of primary lymphoproliferative diseases are discussed.

PMID- 1079148
TI  - The effects of p, p' -DDCN on tadpoles of the frog Rana temporaria.

PMID- 1079149
TI  - Psychiatric teaching in the general hospital.

PMID- 1079150
TI  - A genetic study of bipolar affective disorder.
AB  - A group of 46 bipolar probands and their first degree relatives were studied. A
      high rate of affective disorder (19.6 per cent) was found, including both
      unipolar (13.2 percent) and bipolar (6.4 per cent) types, with females
      predominating (3 : 1). The presence of four fatherson pairs suffering from
      affective disorder made the hypothesis of X-linked dominance untenable. Results
      compatible with polygenic inheritance were found, using both Slater's and
      Falconer's methods. There was no evidence for assortative mating or for increased
      total number of females (both well and ill) among first degree relatives. The
      probands and affectively ill first degree relatives who have died show an
      alarmingly high rate of suicide (46 per cent). Other forms of mental disorder,
      including alcoholism, were no more common than in the rest of the community.

PMID- 1079151
TI  - Letter:effects of small electrical currents upon depressive symptoms.

PMID- 1079152
TI  - Letter: Trasylol for pancreatitis.

PMID- 1079153
TI  - Haematemesis: a new syndrome?
AB  - Three patients presented with symptoms suggesting a Mallory-Weiss tear. Endoscopy
      showed a localized, clearly demarcated area of bright red mucosa near the gastro
      oesophageal junction; this was thought to have arisen by retrograde
      intussusception of the stomach during vomiting or retching and may have caused
      the haemorrhage.

PMID- 1079154
TI  - Letter: Trasylol for pancreatitis.

PMID- 1079155
TI  - Letter: Impaired colour vision in diagnosis of digitalis intoxication.

PMID- 1079156
TI  - Letter: Osteosarcoma--new hope.

PMID- 1079157
TI  - Editorial: Rats today.

PMID- 1079158
TI  - Uptake of local anaesthetics: movement of ethanol into frog sciatic nerve.
AB  - The changes of nerve action potential with time of the excised bullfrog
      sciaticperoneal nerve were measured at 24 degrees C with the nerve immersed in
      oxygenated mineral oil containing various concentrations of ethanol. One series
      of measurements was made with intact nerve and a range of about 20 to 110
      millimolar ethanol. Another series was made with nerves in which the epineural
      sheath was cut open longitudinally and using a range of about 15 to 51 millimolar
      ethanol. The results were analysed by means of simple diffusion theory, and below
      applied ethanol concentrations of about 70 millimolar the latent periods and
      times to total block fitted the theoretical pattern well. Disagreements between
      theory and measurement of previous workers is explainable by their neglecting to
      recognize that nerve bundles do not extend to the nerve periphery. It was found
      that the minimum oil concentration of ethanol capable of producing total block is
      15 millimolar. Above 70 millimolar, behaviour was observed consistent with nerve
      damage. It was found possible, by measuring the ratio latent period: time to
      total block, to separate the relative contribution of the epineural sheath and
      epineurium as a diffusion barrier to ethanol from that of the perineurium and
      perilemma.

PMID- 1079159
TI  - Breathing movements in the frog Rana pipiens. I. The mechanical events associated
      with lung and buccal ventilation.

PMID- 1079160
TI  - Breathing movements in the frog Rana pipiens. II. The power output and efficiency
      of breathing.

PMID- 1079161
TI  - Letter: Results of acupuncture.

PMID- 1079162
TI  - Bloodless open heart surgery with atraumatic extracorporeal circulation.
AB  - With careful refinements in the pump oxygenator and a nonblood prime, bloodless
      open heart surgery may be performed almost routinely. In our series these
      measures reduced blood trauma, with a remarkable preservation of blood elements,
      especially platelets, and a corresponding elimination of postoperative bleeding.
      The mean hematocrit value decreased from 38 to 27% and recovered to 33% in the
      first 3 hours of postoperative diuresis. Mannitol and furosemide were rarely
      needed. Of 61 adult patients whp underwent open heart surgery for aortocoronary
      bypass or valve replacement, the last 43 had a bloodless procedure. Of the 43, 26
      (60%) required no bank blood postoperatively (in the operating room or the
      intensive care unit). In these 26 the operative mortality was 4% (1 patient).
      Bloodless techniques are invaluable during periods of bank blood shortage. They
      avoid the dangers of hepatitis and transfusion reaction, and they may minimize
      the incidence of postperfusion lung syndrome as well as renal complications.

PMID- 1079163
TI  - Quantitation of cell-mediated immunity: responses to dinitrochlorobenzene and
      ubiquitous antigens.
AB  - T-lymphocyte immune capacity in man was assessed semiquantitatively by two in
      vivo procedures: the primary type of response to dinitrochlorobenzene and the
      secondary type of response, representing memory, to a group of five uniquitous
      antigens. Controlling for degree of illness proved important in assessing immune
      capacity in specific diseases; thus, the number of responders and mean score of
      semiquantitated responses was significantly lower in groups of patients with
      cancer and multisystem autoimmune disease when comparisons were made with healthy
      persons, but less so when comparisons were made with a group of subjects with
      other incapacitating diseases. A notable finding was the lack of correlation in
      the results of tests of cell-mediated immunity between the two procedures
      described. Depressed cell-mediated immunity shown in multisystem autoimmune
      disease is relevant to both predisposition to infection and the postulated role
      of thymic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity.

PMID- 1079164
TI  - Cellular basis of the genetic control of immune responsiveness to murine
      thyroglobulin in mice.

PMID- 1079165
TI  - Mechanisms of macrophage activation by corynebacterium parvum. II. In vivo
      experiments.

PMID- 1079166
TI  - Mechanisms in immune tolerance. II. Specific immunosuppression by T lymphocytes
      of B memory cells in mice made tolerant to HSA.

PMID- 1079167
TI  - Migratory patterns of technetium-99m-labled lymphoid cells. I. Effects of
      antilymphocyte serum on the organ distribution of murine thymocytes.

PMID- 1079168
TI  - Cytotoxin ("lymphotoxin") mediated target cell lysis: involvement of surface
      component.

PMID- 1079169
TI  - Alloimmune peritoneal macrophages as specific effector cells: characterization of
      specific macrophage cytotoxin.

PMID- 1079170
TI  - Proliferation of mouse bone marrow-derived lymphocytes in vitro: one mechanism of
      response to concanavalin A and phytochemagglutinin.

PMID- 1079171
TI  - Sialic acids and sialyltransferases in murine lymphoid cells: indicators of T
      cell maturation.

PMID- 1079172
TI  - The effect of rheumatoid factor on the immune lysis of vaccinia virus-infected
      cells.

PMID- 1079173
TI  - Suppression of autoimmune hemolytic anemia in New Zealand (NZB) mice by syngeneic
      young thymocytes.

PMID- 1079174
TI  - Influence of steroid treatment on lymphocyte response in sarcoidosis.

PMID- 1079175
TI  - On electrical condution in living bone.
AB  - Despite the effectiveness of electrical currents in enhancing bone repair, there
      is little information in the literature on electrical parameters per se. Very
      little is known about the nature of the conduction mechanism or the current path
      between the electrodes. Without a better understanding it is difficult to
      establish meaningful hypotheses at the cellular level and to design relevant
      experimental protocols. In the present work, a first attempt is made at an in
      vivo delineation of the current-voltage relationship in the medullary area
      between two platinum electrodes embedded in the femur, by one of the techniques
      generally known to stimulate bone growth. At potential differences of less than 1
      volt, a rather good ohmic dependence is observed, with an approximate specific
      resistance of 2 to 5 times 10-5 ohms/cm. At potentials higher than 1 volt,
      electrolytic processes appear to predominate and there is increasing non
      linearity. Experimental techniques involving the adjustment of current through
      bone tissue assuming an ohmic dependence with little or no associated
      polarization effects are valid and certainly warrant further investigation.

PMID- 1079176
TI  - Pneumothorax complicating bullous emphysema in childhood tuberculosis.

PMID- 1079177
TI  - [Innovation of the nursing record by the problem oriented system].

PMID- 1079178
TI  - Bleeding diverticulosis of the colon: a review of 83 cases.

PMID- 1079179
TI  - Role of 11 beta-hydroxyprogesterone in biosynthesis of corticosterone from
      progesterone in guinea pig adrenals.
AB  - Slices of male guinea pig adrenals were incubated with trace amount of 3-H7 alpha
      progesterone and the percentage of incorporation of 3-H into various steroids at
      various intervals was measured. It was found that 3-H accumulates predominately
      in 11 beta-hydroxyprogesterone as compared to DOC. This indicates that, in guinea
      pig adrenals, 11 beta-hydroxyprogesterone plays a dominant role in a formation of
      corticosterone from progesterone. The observed sequence of changes in
      progesterone label accumulation in 17-hydroxycompounds indicates they pathway of
      cortisol synthesis through the intermediate formation of 17-hydroxyprogesterone
      and 11-deoxycortisol.

PMID- 1079180
TI  - Iodine accumulating ability as generalized porperty of cells of endodermal
      origin.
AB  - Embryonal trachea transplanted in the spleen of adult rats accumulates iodine.
      The uptake of iodine does not take place in all of the cells, but iodination
      centers develop and the iodinated cells detach themselves to the lumen thus
      resembling the holocrine secreation; The results of these experiments indicate
      that the uptake of iodine appears to be a generalized property of the endoderm.

PMID- 1079181
TI  - Effect of estradiol on the activity of serotonin N-acetyltransferase in the rat
      epiphysis.
AB  - Administration of estradiol to ovariectomized females did not affect either the
      rhythm and basic levels of activity of the enzyme regulating the formation of
      melatonin in the rat epiphysis-serotonin N-acetyltransferase or the activation of
      this enzyme by isoproterenol in vivo. Daily administration of estradiol to young
      rats from birth did not alter the rhythm or activity of serotonin N
      acetyltransferase in the epiphysis as estimated on the 8th day of age. The
      ability of estradiol to suppress noradrenaline activation of adenyl cyclase in
      epiphysial homogenates and its inability to suppress the same activation of
      serotonin N-acetyltransferase suggests either that the activation of the latter
      enzyme by catecholamines could occur by other mechanisms than the adenyl cyclase
      system or that activation of adenyl cyclase by noradrenaline is not suppressed by
      estradiol to the same degree in vivo as in vitro.

PMID- 1079182
TI  - Sodium fluoride-induced changes in the hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the
      spotted owlet, Athene brama Temminck.
AB  - Administration of 10 or 20 mg of sodium fluoride (NaF) induced depletion of
      neurosecretory material (NSM) from the neurons of the supraoptic (SON) and
      paraventricular (PVN) nuclei in spotted owlet (Athene brama Temminck). The
      residual NSM in the perikarya was aranged in caplike paranuclear positions. The
      NSM in the hypothalamo-hypophysial tract, the zona externa of the anterior median
      eminence (ME) and in the neural lobe (NL) showed only a partial lossmthe effects
      of NaF administration on the HNS of the spotted owlet are similar to those
      induced by such stimulators of ADH secretion as hypertonic saline, morphine and
      formalin. Hence the histological changes induced by NaF administration in the HNS
      of the spotted owlet are presumably indicative of increased neurosecretory
      activity resulting in the augmented secretion of ADH. It is suggested that NaF,
      like other stressful agents, is a stimulator of ADH secretion.

PMID- 1079183
TI  - Activity of catecholamine degrading enzymes in rat adrenal medulla and cortex
      after acute and repeated stress.
AB  - The activity of catecholamine degrading enzymes (catechol-O-methyltransferase-
      COMT and monoamine oxidase--MAO) in separated adrenal cortex and medulla was
      measured in rats stressed by a singel or repeated immobilization. In controls,
      the activity of both enzymes was higher in adrenal cortex than in adrenal
      medulla. After stress, the activity of COMT in adrenal cortex was significantly
      decreased, while that in adrenal medulla was significantly increased. Moreover,
      the animals repeatedly immobilized showed lower COMT activity in both parts of
      adrenals when compared to first time stressed rats. The activity of MAO was not
      remarkably changed, but was increased only in adrenal medulla when expressed per
      mg protein, the decrease of which resulted from acute stress. It was concluded
      that the findings of changed activity of catecholamine degrading enzymes, namely
      a decreased activity of COMT in both adrenal cortex and medulla in repeatedly
      stressed rats, might show a possible participation of these enzymes in increased
      catecholamine content in adrenals of repeatedly stressed animals.

PMID- 1079184
TI  - Factors affecting estrogen signalization for FSH secretion in male and
      adrogenized or normal female rats.
AB  - Factors affecting the FSH feedback mechanism in intact or androgenized females
      and intact males were studied by ovarian fragment implantation into the spleen. A
      pronounced sex difference could be observed in the ovarian hypertrophy after
      transplantation. Males as well as androgenized females as hosts responded more
      than intact females. On the other hand, ovaries originating either from normal or
      androgenized rats showed similar enlargement under the spleen capsule, regardless
      of their origin. It was concluded that the AS females have a deficit in the
      negative feedback signalization which seems to be due to the differences in
      hepatic degradation of the estrogens. Nevertheless, a change of the set-point for
      FSH in androgen sterile rats cannot be excluded.

PMID- 1079185
TI  - The surgical treatment of postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm.

PMID- 1079186
TI  - Influence of left ventricular function on survival 3 to 4 years after
      aortocoronary bypass.
AB  - Preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) was calculated using single
      plane cineventriculography in 93 patients in whom aortocoronary bypass surgery
      was performed before July 1970. Preoperative EF (mean plus or minus SEM) was 0.29
      plus or minus 0.04 in 9 patients deceased between 2 and 35 mth after operation,
      significantly lower (p less than 0.001) than EF of 84 patients having survived 3
      yr or more (0.55 plus or minus 0.02). The 3- to 4-yr mortality in these patients
      was 22.2% when preoperative EF was less than 0.50 and 1.75% when it was greater
      than or equal to 0.50 (p less than 0.01). Likewise, late mortality rose to 43.7%
      when EF was less than 0.40, compared to 2.6% when it was greater than or equal to
      0.40 (p less than 0.005). In 21 patients in this series, left ventricular volumes
      and EF showed no significant difference before, approximately one year and
      between 3 and 4 yr after operation. This included 9 patients with normal or near
      normal contraction and 12 patients with impaired ventricular contraction
      preoperatively. Thus, in this study, preoperative EF was a major determinant of
      long-term prognosis after aortocoronary bypass and EF was not improved between 3
      and 4 yr postoperatively. These data suggest, then, that in order to enhance
      survival after aortocoronary bypass, patients should be operated on before
      significant myocardial damage has occurred.

PMID- 1079187
TI  - Letter: Influence of left ventricular function on survival 3 to 4 years after
      aortocoronary bypass. American letter from an editorial advisor.

PMID- 1079188
TI  - Acetylcholine receptors on Renshaw cells of the rat.
AB  - Experiments have been performed on Renshaw cells of rats to investigate the
      receptors mediating both the responses to electrophoretically applied cholinergic
      excitants and the synaptic excitation following stimulation of the ventral roots.
      The effects of atropine and dihydro-beta-erythroidine, muscarinic and nicotinic
      antagonists respectively, have been tested on both types of excitation. Most
      importantly we found that in the rat the ventral root evoked response can be
      blocked by atropine as well as by DHbetaE. It was not possible to categorise the
      responses to the cholinergic agents in terms of muscarinic and nicotinic
      receptors. In addition we have failed the late (muscarinic) excitation seen in
      the cat.

PMID- 1079189
TI  - The mode of action of 5-hydroxytryptophan in facilitating a stretch reflex in the
      spinal cat.
AB  - 1. Intravenous injection of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) excites discharges of
      gamma motoneurones to extensor muscles of the hind limbs of decerebrate spinal
      cats and this occurs with a short latency (1-2 min). 2. 5-HTP also facilitates
      the stretch reflex in the spinal cat but, in contrast, there is a latency of
      about 10 min with a maximum action after 20 min. 3. Facilitation of the stretch
      reflex by 5-HTP still occurs when the gamma loop has been opened by cutting all
      ventral roots supplying the muscle. Thus excitation of gamma motoneurones by 5
      HTP is not required for facilitation of the stretch reflex. 4. A possible
      contribution to the stretch reflex from the increased discharge of gamma
      motoneurones has been assessed. Selectively removing gamma activity rarely
      altered the reflex response to stretch and in only 3 out of 15 spinal cats could
      we conclude that gamma discharges contributed towards facilitation of the stretch
      reflex by 5-HTP; 5; Methysergide (0.25 mg/kg) blocked completely the facilitation
      of the stretch reflex caused by 5-HTP in the spinal cat but only partially
      antagonised the reflex in the decerebrate cat, even when injected intra
      arterially close to the lumbar spinal cord. 6. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)
      was found to mimic the actions of 5-HTP. It facilitated the stretch reflex and
      excited extensor gamma motoneurones in the spinal animal.

PMID- 1079190
TI  - Vestibular and somatosensory inflow to the vestibular projection area in the post
      cruciate dimple region of the cat cerebral cortex.
AB  - In anesthetized cats 251 cells within the cortical vestibular projection area,
      adjacent to the post-cruciate dimple, were analyzed as to their input
      characteristics employing extracellular recording techniques. The post cruciate
      dimple vestibular field, which is located in area 3a, has a high degree of
      convergence between vestibular and peripheral somatosensory input. The latter is
      not restricted to muscle afferents but includes cutaneous modalities. The
      functional significance of this vestibular cortical projection field is
      discussed.

PMID- 1079191
TI  - Capsular exfoliation syndrome: associated lesions and their management.

PMID- 1079192
TI  - [Changes in the ultrastructure of frog spinal cord motor neurons following low
      frequency stimulation of afferent fibers].
AB  - Effect of 10 min stimulation on the motoneurones ultrastructure depended on the
      amplitude of the ventral root biopotentials.  In case of low amplitudes dilated
      endoplasmic spaces, Golgi complex cisterns were seen.  Mitochondria were swollen
      and the number of free ribosomes increased.  In the cytoplasm many "whorl--like"
      structures appeared.  In case of high amplitude ventral root biopotentials,
      alterations were particularly evident in decrease in the ribosomes number,
      fragmentation of the endoplasmic reticulum.  Electron density of the motoneurons
      was very low.  After 25 min stimulation, the number of ribosomes increased in the
      motoneurons, the Golgi complex proliferated, very large mitochondria appeared. 
      In the dendrites, swollen mitochondria often were adjacent to postsynaptic
      membranes.  Electron density of the motoneurons was very high.  The
      ultrastructural alterations of the motoneurons are supposed to be due to a change
      of cellular metabolism in the conditions of increased functional activity.

PMID- 1079193
TI  - The part played by cell-mediated immunity in mycoplasma respiratory infections.
AB  - Intranasal inoculation of M. pulmonis in mice and M. pneumoniae in hamsters
      results in pneumonia characterised by peribronchiolar and perivascular cuffing by
      lymphocytes. Thymus-dependent lymphocytes were depleted in mice by thymectomy and
      X-irradiation or treatment with anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS), and in hamsters by
      treatment with ALS. These procedures caused a reduction in the severity of
      pneumonic lesions in infected animals compared with infected immunologically
      normal animals. In addition, the organisms were present in slightly greater
      numbers in the lungs of the immunosuppressed animals. These results indicate the
      importance of thymus-dependent lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of mycoplasma
      induced pulmonary disease. However, the role that these cells play in resistance
      to infection is not known and it may be that local secretory antibody is also
      important. Results of preliminary experiments involving hamster tracheal organ
      cultures infected with M. pneumoniae indicate that there is a factor present in
      lung washings from immune hamsters that protects against loss of ciliary activity
      brought about by M. pneumoniae.

PMID- 1079194
TI  - Hemobilia following percutaneous liver biopsy.
AB  - A patient underwent a routine percutaneous liver biopsy and subsequently
      developed gastrointestinal hemorrhage, biliary colic, and bilirubinuria
      suggesting the presence of hemobilia. After a negative arteriogram endoscopic
      cholangiography was used to confirm the diagnosis.

PMID- 1079195
TI  - Hypersensitivity reactions in small intestine. I Thymus dependence of
      experimental 'partial villous atrophy'.
AB  - Rats infected with the intestinal nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis have
      crypt hyperplasia with villous atrophy in affected areas of the small intestine.
      In thymus-deprived (B) rats the course of infection is prolonged but, despite the
      presence of many worms in the intestinal lumen, villi and crypts appear largely
      normal. This suggests that the tissue damaged associated with N. brasilliensis
      infection is caused, not by the worms, but by a local thymus-dependent immune
      reaction. There is some evidence to implicate lymphocytes rather than antibodies
      in this reaction. It is already know that T-cell-associated damage to the small
      intestine, such as occurs in allograft rejection, produces subtotal villous
      atrophy. The present findings suggest that when T cell react locally with
      helminth antigens a similar type of damage occurs. The presence of a local cell
      mediated immune reaction may be the common factor which causes villous atrophy
      and crypt hyperplasia in many small intestinal diseases, eg, viral enteritis,
      giardiasis, cow's milk allergy, and coeliac disease.

PMID- 1079196
TI  - A British family with herediatary pancreatitis.
AB  - A family with hereditary pancreatitis is described. Nine family members
      definitely have had pancreatitis, whilst 15 more are suspected of having the
      disease. The condition presents as recurrent attacks of epigastric or central
      abdominal pain, sometimes radiating to the back, often associated with vomiting.
      The attacks of pain usually last three to four days. The inheritance fits well
      with an autosomal dominant pattern with limited penetrance, as it does in other
      families described in the literature. There is no aminoaciduria as has been
      described in some previously reported families. The attacks of pain start in
      childhood or young adult life (mean age of onset inthis family is 12-6 years) and
      appear to cease in this family by the age of 40 years. The diagnosis of
      pancreatitis in members of the family who have had confirmed pancreatitis was
      made by finding a raised serum amylase concentration in four cases, at laparotomy
      in four cases, and by pancreatic calcification seen on radiography in one case,
      The literature on the condition is reviewed, and it is speculated that the
      condition may have been underdiagnosed in Britain.

PMID- 1079197
TI  - The immune response of mice to phiX174. The potentiation of B-cell immunity and
      the suppression of T-cell help by pertussis vaccine.
AB  - The primary and secondary responses to phiX174 have been studied in T cell
      deprived (T- minus) and control CBA mice including sham-operated (T+) and normal
      mice. The effect of pertussis on the immune response of these mice has been
      measured. It is concluded that: (1) the gammaG and memory responses to phiX are
      produced in T- minus mice even though greatly reduced in comparison with T+ and
      normal mice; (2) pertussis appears to enhance the gammaG response in T- minus
      mice while suppressing it in T+ and normal mice.

PMID- 1079198
TI  - Antigen-binding T and B lymphocytes in sensitization and unresponsiveness to
      dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) contact sensitivity.

PMID- 1079199
TI  - Permanent hapten-specific tolerance in B lymphocytes.
AB  - Tolerance to the hapten TNP was induced in mice congenic with CBA but bearing the
      Ig-b allotype (Ig-b mice). To induce a high degree of tolerance it was necessary
      to give five injections of TNP-sulphonate followed by an immunogenic challenge
      (alum precipitate of TNP-BSA with pertussis adjuvant). Lymph node or spleen cells
      from these mice were transferred, with or without an equal number of non-tolerant
      CBA spleen cells, to irradiated CBA recipients and these were challenged with a
      different TNP-protein conjugate. Anti-TNP antibody bearing the Ig-b allotype was
      then assayed separately from total anti-TNP, as a measure of the contributions
      made by tolerant and non-tolerant B-cell populations respectively. Tolerant lymph
      node cell did not depress the response of normal cells, nor did the normal cells
      'break' the tolerance of the Ig-b population even when the latter had been
      treated with anti-T-cell serum and complement. No response was obtained from
      tolerant lymph node cells when the recipients were challenged at different time
      up to 12 weeks after transfer. By this time the control non-tolerant lymph node
      cells had also lost the capacity to respond. It is concluded that: (1)
      effectively permanent tolerance, which is not maintained by afferent mechanisms,
      can be induced in lymph node B cells; (2) B-cell tolerance can be greatly
      enhanced by immunogenic challenge; (3) spleen may contain a distinct population
      of B cells which is less susceptible to tolerance; and (4) the life-span of
      virgin lymph node B cells is probably less than 12 weeks.

PMID- 1079200
TI  - Subpopulations of mouse spleen lymphocytes. II. Immunological reactivity of
      spleen cells fractionated on BSA density gradients.
AB  - We found in previous experiments that fractionation of non-immune mouse spleen
      cells on bovine serum albumin density gradients yields two subpopulations of T
      cells, one of high, the other of low density. Both subopopulations could be
      stimulated in corporate thymidine by the T cell-specific mitogen concanavalin A
      (con A). In the present investigation, spleen cells of mice immunized to sheep
      red cells (SRC) were similarly fractionated and the fractions recovered were
      assayed for: (a) reactivity to con A; (B) REACTIVITY TO SRC and (c) capacity to
      function as helper cells when stimulated with the homologous (SRC) or with a
      heterologous (donkey red cells) (DRC) antigen. Two subpopulations of cells
      reacting to con A were found in the spleens of the primed mice, corresponding to
      the subpopulations found in the non-immune mice. Both subpopulations contained
      cells responding to SRC (as measured by thymidine incorporation) and cells
      endowed with helper activity. The two subpopulations appeared to differ, however,
      in their specificity: while the denser cells could only exert their helper effect
      when stimulated by the specific antigen, the light cells could be effectively
      stimulated by both the specific (SRC) and the nonspecific (DRC) antigen.

PMID- 1079201
TI  - Serologic evidence for cross-reacting antigens in two carcinogen-induced murine
      sarcomas.
AB  - Serological evidence is presented that two chemically-induced (by
      methylcholanthrene and 3,4-benz(a)pyrene) sarcomas of C3HF mice contain cross
      reacting tumor-associated cell-surface antigens. Xenogeneic and syngeneic
      antitumor antisera against the two sarcomas were studied with an isotopic,
      complement-dependent, antibody-mediated microcytotoxicity assay and an isotopic
      antiglobulin test for the detection of antibodies to tumor-associated antigens,
      in vitro. Absorportions with various tissues were performed which consistently
      revealed that the specific activity of the antitumor antisera could be removed by
      absorption with cells from either chemically-induced tumor, while absorption with
      syngeneic normal adult tissues, normal fetal tissues, or cells from a
      histogenetically unrelated tumor (spontaneous mammary carcinoma) failed to remove
      any specific activity. In view of the individual character of carcinogen-induced
      tumor antigens as detected by tumor transplantation techniques, our results
      suggest that chemically-induced murine sarcomas (even when induced by different
      carcinogens) contain both private and common cell-surface antigens, the latter
      detectable by serological methods. These common tumor-associated antigens may be
      related to a viral genome involved in the nalignant transformation of carcinogen
      induced marine sarcomas.

PMID- 1079202
TI  - In vitro immunological studies on East African cancer patients. II. Increased
      sensitivity of blood lymphocytes from untreated Burkitt lymphoma patients to
      inhibition of spontaneous rosette formation.
AB  - Frozen aliquots of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with
      Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) at various stages of the disease have been compared with
      samples from East African children who were healthy or who suffered from non
      malinant disorders. Using the sheep-cell rosette test (which is believed to
      identify T-lymphocytes), we found a significant reduction in the proportion of
      rosette-forming cells (RFC) in the samples from untreated BL patients. After
      reduction of remission the difference between BL patients and controls was
      abolished. Rosette formation was more readily inhibited by anti-lymphocyte
      globulin (ALG) in samples from untreated BL patients than in controls. On
      induction of remission the rosette inhibition curve shifted towards the control
      values. The findings are compatible with the presence, in untreated BL, of a
      circulating factor which impairs the capacity of T-lymphocytes to form rosettes
      with sheep erythrocytes. It remains to be established whether the functional
      capacity of T-cells to protect the host against tumour proliferation is also
      impaired.

PMID- 1079203
TI  - In vitro immunological studies on east african cancer patients. III. Spontaneous
      rosette formation by cells from Burkitt lymphoma biopsies.
AB  - Spontaneous rosette formation was observed in eight out of nine Burkitt lymphoma
      biopsies. These were examined fresh and/or after culture in vitro for up to 48 h.
      The percentage of rosettes varied from 3.7% to 38%. There was a tendency for the
      percentage of rosettes to increase with time in tissue culture. It is suggested
      that the rosette-forming cells are T-lymphocytes infiltrating the tumour and
      functioning as a host defence mechanism against the proliferating tumour cells.

PMID- 1079204
TI  - Immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of virus-induced murine leukemia. I.
      Autoreactivity.
AB  - By an in vitro microcytotoxicity assay, thymocytes from mice infected with
      Moloney murine leukemia virus since birth (MuLV-M carriers) caused a dramatic
      reduction of normal, non-infected syngeneic target cells; they usually spared
      identically derived target cells infected with MuLV-M. Thymocytes from normal
      mice slightly stimulated the replication of the same target cells. This pattern
      of carrier thymocyte reactivity was evident at all ages tested during both
      preneoplastic and neoplastic periods. Transplantable lymphoma cells derived from
      a carrier mouse with overt thymic lymphoma behaved similarly. Lymphocytes from
      the spleens and lymph nodes of young preleukemic carriers (8-12 weeks old)
      usually were reactive against MuLV-M-infected tarted cells and not against non
      infected target cells. In contrast, lymphocytes from older preleukemic carriers
      (16-17 weeks old) reacted in a manner similar to carrier thymocytes. These
      observations suggest that the thymic lymphoma induced by MuLV-M may result in
      part from an autoreactive process originating in the thymus, but eventually
      spreading to the peripheral lymphoid tissues.

PMID- 1079205
TI  - The antigenicity of carcinoembryonic antigen in man.
AB  - Binding of globulins to -125I CEA was detected in 10 of 24 sera from patients
      with cancer, 13 of 26 sera from blood donors, and 7 of 27 supernates of tumor
      cell suspensions. Binding was predominantly by IgM in 10 of 14 sera tested by
      radioimmunoelectrophoresis. Binding was inhibited by 6 ng unlabelled CEA in one
      instance only, and by adsorption with blood group A erythrocytes in three cases.
      Binding was not increased in dialysed precipitates formed by ammonium sulfate at
      pH 2.5, while there was increased binding in precipitates of complexes of CEA and
      heterologous anti-CEA. These results confirm that human IgM binds to CEA, and in
      some cases binding appears to be mediated by antibodies to blood group A.
      However, the binding is weak and appears to be of low affinity. This suggests
      that binding of CEA by immunoglobulins represents cross-reactivity by antibodies
      to similar antigens, of which blood group A is one example.

PMID- 1079206
TI  - Stimulation of Fracture Healing by Pacemaker in Rabbits.201S.
AB  - An und-splaced fracture of each fibula was produced in 20 rabbits. Into the
      fracture of the right fibula, a cathode was inserted, which delivered 15
      microamperes of galvanic current for more than one week. The source of current
      was 5v small transistor batteries which acted like a pacemaker. This stimulated
      healing of the fracture for 15 days. The left fibula fractures were used as
      controls. Both fibulae were studied roentgenographically and microscopically.
      This experiment suggested that galvanic current with a cathode placed in the
      fracture gap stimulated fracture healing.

PMID- 1079207
TI  - Familial occurrence of dot (microcystic), map, fingerprint dystrophy of the
      cornea.
AB  - The clinical description of corneal microcysts, maplike changes, and fingerprints
      has led investigators to the conclusion that these changes may represent a
      corneal dystrophy. The familial or hereditary evidence which is usually necessary
      to label a corneal disease a dystrophy has been lacking. This paper describes a
      familial pattern of disease in two families where three generations were involved
      and in eight families with corneal changes in at least two generations.

PMID- 1079208
TI  - [Lymphoreticular proliferations in the skin. Cytochemical and immunocytological
      studies in lymphadenosis benigna cutis].
AB  - In 8 patients with lymphadenosis benigna cutis (LABC) cytochemical and in 2 of
      them immunocytological studies have been performed. 1) In patients with LABC we
      find ectopic organoid proliferations of "lymphfollicle"-like structures within
      the dermis which predominately consist of small lymphocytes and large reticulum
      cells. Immunocytological differentiation of the lymphocytes leads to the
      characterization of B- and T-lymphocytes in a ration 2:1. 2) Large reticulum
      cells represent a peculiarly remarkable cell class in infiltrates of LABC.
      Because of their typical arrangement disseminated within the lymphocytic
      infiltrate they have been designated as "starry sky" cells. Cytochemically they
      are characterized by an unusual high content of nonspecific esterases and acid
      phosphatase, most of them show phagocytized basophilic bodies. Because of their
      shape, arrangement and enzymcytochemical behaviour these cells can be referred to
      as typical for the LABC disease. 3) Monocytes cannot be found within the
      "lymphfollicles". Mast cells and connective tissue cells are rarely observed.
      Polymorphonuclear granulocytes can be demonstrated in great numbers in any part
      of the involved cutis when there is an insect bite in history. 4) As a reaction
      of the ectopic proliferation of lymphoreticular tissue within the dermis there is
      an activation of the surrounding connective tissue with an increase of the
      alkaline phosphatase activity within these cells, new formation of collagen
      fibres and strong proliferation of alkaline phosphatase positive capillaries. 5)
      Etiopathologically it is stressed, that in LABC for example an insect bite
      induces stimulation of hematopoietic potentialities of undifferentiated
      mesenchymal germ centres within the cutis takes place, leading to the development
      of ectopic of "lymphfollicle" like structures.

PMID- 1079209
TI  - Viridenomycin, a new antibiotic.
AB  - Viridenomycin, a new crystalline antibiotic, was isolated from the culture broth
      of Streptomyces viridochromogenes strain No. T-24146. Viridenomycin is a weakly
      acidic and lipophilic substance, which exhibits a strong absorption maximum at
      310 nm and shows strong activity against Trichomonas vaginalis and gram-positive
      bacteria.

PMID- 1079210
TI  - Oral surgery complications in general practice.

PMID- 1079211
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin content in the serum, alveolar macrophages, and alveolar
      lavage fluid of smoking and nonsmoking normal subjects.
AB  - The content of alpha-1-antitrypsin in the serum, alveolar lavage fluid, and
      alveolar macrophages of smokers and nonsmokers was studied. Bronchoalveolar
      lavage was used to obtain alveolar fluid and macrophages from normal volunteers,
      and alpha-1-antitrypsin and albumin were measured using the
      electroimmunodiffusion technique. The serum level of inhibitor was not different
      between the two groups, while the total lavage fliud content of alpha-1
      antitrypsin was increased in the smokers. The level of alpha-1-antitrypsin was
      also significantly greater (P less than 0.001) in the alveolar macrophages of the
      smokers suggesting the possibility of chronically increased alveolar levels in
      the cigarette smoker as a possible protective mechanism against proteolysis.

PMID- 1079212
TI  - Scientific methodology applied.
AB  - The subject of this symposium is naproxen, a new drug that resulted from an
      investigation to find a superior anti-inflammatory agent. It was synthesized by
      Harrison et al. in 1970 at the Syntex Institute of Organic Chemistry and
      Biological Sciences. How can we chart the evolution of this or any other drug?
      Three steps are necessary: first, chemical studies (synthesis, analysis); second,
      animal pharmacology; third, human pharmacology. The last step can additionally be
      divided into four phases: metabolism and toxicology of the drug in normal
      volunteers; dose titration and initial clinical trials with sick subjects
      (pharmacometry); confirmatory clinical trials when the drug is accepted on the
      market and revaluation (familiarization trials). To discover the truth about
      naproxen, we must all participate actively with a critical mind, following the
      principles of scientific methodology. We shall find that the papers to be
      presented today all deal with the third step in the evaluation process--clinical
      pharmacology. It is quite evident that the final and most decisive test must be
      aimed at the most valuable target: the human being. The end product of this day's
      work for each of us should be the formation of an opinion based on solid
      scientific proofs. And let us hope that we will all enjoy fulfilling the
      symposium in its entire etymological meaning this evening. In vino veritas.

PMID- 1079213
TI  - Effect of naproxen on gastrointestinal microbleeding following acetylsalicylate
      medication.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine if substitution of naproxen for ASA does
      influence salicylate-induced gastrointestinal bleeding. Twelve normal volunteers
      were selected and given increasing doses of salicylate until guaiac tests were
      consistently positive. Autologous labeling of their red blood cells with 51-Cr
      was used to quantitate the microbleeding. After two weeks on ASA, six subjects
      were double blindly switched to naproxen and six to placebo for another two weeks
      of observation. Two-way analysis of variance on the raw data shows a significant
      treatment effect associated with a significant interaction in both groups. Final
      analysis on a logarithmic scale permits orthogonal contrasts to be accurately
      made without any significant remaining interaction. It is concluded that
      substitution of naproxen for ASA at a dose of 500 mg daily is accompanied by a
      rapid reduction of microbleeding to "normal" levels.

PMID- 1079214
TI  - Ascending afferents to the telencephalon of ranid frogs: an anterograde
      degeneration study.
AB  - Sources of telencephalic afferents were examined in two species of frogs, Rana
      catesbeiana and Rana pipiens, by study of anterograde degeneration resulting from
      hemisection of the brain at the isthmus or at the caudal border of the thalamus
      and from electrolytic lesions in various portions of the diencephalon. The
      results indicate that some telencephalic afferents arise from levels caudal to
      the isthmus, that some striatal afferents arise from a level between the isthmus
      and the caudal border of the thalamus, and that a projection to the ipsilateral
      striatum arises from the anterior and/or middle portions of the dorsal thalamus.
      Diencephalic projections to pallial portions of the hemisphere were also
      observed. These results demonstrate substantial non-olfactory afferent
      projections to the telencephalon in ranid frogs.

PMID- 1079215
TI  - Binding of poly (Glu-60 Ala-30 Tyr-10) by thymic lymphocytes from genetic
      responder and non-responder mice: effect of antihistocompatibility serum.
AB  - The binding of 125-I-labeled GAT by murine thymocytes was studied by
      autoradiography. GAT binding was highly temperature dependent. Significantly more
      thymocytes bound GAT at 37 degrees C than at 4 degrees C. GAT bound at 37 degrees
      C was usually distributed in a "cap" over one pole of the cell. Preincubation of
      thymocytes with specific anti-H-2 serum markedly inhibited the subsequent binding
      of GAT. The frequency of antigen-binding thymocytes was not significantly
      affected by preincubation of thymocytes with anti-Thy-1 serum or a number of anti
      immunoglobulin sera. The immune response to GAT is controlled by an H-2 linked
      immune response gene(s). Mice of strains that are H-2p, H-2q or H-2s (non
      responders) fail to develop effective T cell helper function necessary for a
      humoral immune response to GAT under most conditions. However, both responder and
      non-responder strains had similar numbers of thymocytes capable of binding GAT in
      vitro, indicating that T cells from non-responder strains of mice do possess a
      recognition mechanism for GAT.

PMID- 1079216
TI  - Migratory patterns of B lymphocytes. III. Inhibition of splenic follicular
      localization of transferred chicken bursa cells by preincubation with anti-Ig-1.
AB  - Homing of 3-H-adenosine-labeled bursa cells to follicles in the chickens spleen
      was greatly reduced by prior incubation of the transferred cells with rabbit anti
      chicken-immunoglobulin sera. This effect was transient, being present 6 hr after
      cell transfer but gone by 18 hr, when incubation was at 0 degreesC without
      complement. The inhibition persisted until at least 18 hr after incubation at 37
      degrees C with complement.

PMID- 1079217
TI  - Cell interactions between histoincompatible T and B lymphocytes. VIII. In vivo
      cooperative responses between lymphocytes are controlled by genes in the K-end of
      the H-2 complex.
AB  - The genetic restrictions for successful carrier-primed T cell and hapten-primed B
      cell cooperative interactions were established in a totally in vivo double
      adoptive transfer system. In complementation experiments, we have demonstrated
      that genes localized in the K-end of the H-2 complex control successful T-B cell
      cooperative interactions. Thus, DBA/2 KLH-primed T cells cooperated with (C3H
      times C3H.OH)F1 and (C3H times C3H.OL)F1 DNP-primed B cells to make a secondary
      response to DNP-KLH, but not with (C3H times C3H.A)F1 DNP-PRImed cells. The
      presence of foreign histocompatibility determinants on the F1 B cells did not
      prevent successful physiologic cell cooperation provided the T and B cells shared
      common cell interaction genes coded for in the K-end of the H-2 complex.

PMID- 1079218
TI  - Failure of pentamidine isethionate to provide chemoprophylaxis against
      Pneumocytis carinii infection in rats.
AB  - Latent Pneumocystis carinii infections were exacerbated in 54 adult male Sprague
      Dawley rats by administration of alternating subcutaneous doses of hydrocortisone
      21-phosphate and of cortisone acetate three times a week, plus 0.5%
      chlortetracycline in their drinking water, until death or the termination of the
      experiment at 120 days. Twenty-eight of the rats were also given pentamidine
      isethionate (4mg/kg) intramuscularly daily for 14 days. Pentamidine-treated
      animals that died within the 120 days of the experiment survived longer than
      control animals. At necropsy, however, every animal in both groups had P. carinii
      in the lungs. The intensity of the infection was the same in the pentamidine
      treated and control groups. Pentamidine isethionate administered in this standard
      regimen does not exert a significant chemoprophylactic effect against
      proliferation of P. carinii in rats. The study provides little encouragement for
      use of pentamidine as a prophylactic agent against P. carinii in high-risk
      patients.

PMID- 1079219
TI  - Studies of immediate hypersensitivity in a patient with Acanthocheilonema
      perstans filarial infection.
AB  - A 25-year-old white female returned from West Africa with a two-year history of
      epidosic swelling, pruritus, and pain in a wrist, associated with peripheral
      eosinophilia. Serologic and immediate skin tests with Dirofilaria immitis antigen
      were positive, and blood smears transiently showed microfilariae of
      Acanthocheilonema perstans after the patient had been treated with
      diethylcarbamazine. Before treatment, both the serum concentration of IgE and the
      eosinophil content of arylsulfatase, an enzyme that selectively inactivates slow
      reacting substance of anaphylaxis, were elevated; the patient's peripheral
      leukocytes released histamine and eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis
      when challenged with D. immitis antigen. After one course of diethylcarbamazine,
      the clinical manifestations and abnormal in vitro immunologic results resolved.
      Host response to A. perstans infection appears to involve both IgE-mediated
      hypersensitivity and alterations in an eosinophil enzyme.

PMID- 1079220
TI  - Aortic stenosis. Gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1079221
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass grafting for preinfarction angina.

PMID- 1079222
TI  - Microsurgical approach to the cerebellopontine angle.
AB  - Various sections of the IXth, Vth, vestibular and cochlear nerves have been
      performed on twenty patients. The technique we used was an 'a minima' approach to
      the cerebellopontine angle. This operation is atraumatic and quick to perform,
      and the postoperative period is always excellent. It seems very useful for
      patients with Meniere's disease or intractable pains in the glossopharyngeal or
      trigeminal fields. It can be used for diagnosis if a small neurinoma in the
      cerebellopontine angle is suspected.

PMID- 1079223
TI  - Letter: On malpractice suits.

PMID- 1079224
TI  - Letter: Informed (?) CONSENT.

PMID- 1079225
TI  - Letter: On the rural deficit.

PMID- 1079226
TI  - Vicarious liability in the operating room.

PMID- 1079227
TI  - Malpractice suits--the psychiatrist's turn.

PMID- 1079228
TI  - Malpractice suits--the psychiatrist's turn.

PMID- 1079229
TI  - Medical/legal concerns in a Canadian context.

PMID- 1079230
TI  - Tax laws and the doctor.

PMID- 1079231
TI  - Editorial: The power of appellate courts.

PMID- 1079232
TI  - Editorial: On immunization warnings.

PMID- 1079233
TI  - Interactions of Fc receptors with antibodies against Ia antigens and other cell
      surface components.
AB  - Two Fc receptor-dependent tests were investigated to study the question of a
      relationship between Fc receptors and known cell surface antigens, in particular
      I region-associated (Ia) antigens: (a) a rosette assay with antibody-coated
      erythrocytes (EA) as indicator cells and normal mouse lymphoid cells as source of
      rosette-forming cells, and (b) a cytotoxicity test with antibody-coated
      erythrocytes as target cells and normal mouse spleen cells as a source of
      cytotoxic cells (K cells). EA rosettes were specifically inhibited by antibodies
      reacting with Ia antigens. Various other antisera reacting with antigens on B
      lymphocytes, like anti-Ly 4.2 (raised in H-2 identical mice), rabbit antimouse B
      cell serum, or rabbit antimouse immunoglobulin, also specifically inhibited the
      rosettes. No inhibition occurred in the presence of allogeneic or xenogeneic
      antisera reacting with T lymphocytes. K-cell cytotoxicity was specifically
      inhibited by each of the antisera (reacting with either B cells or T cells).
      F(ab')2 fragments of anti-Ia antibodies could still specifically inhibit EA
      rosettes but they could not inhibit K-cell cytotoxicity. Similar results were
      obtained with F(ab')2 fragments of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies. These results
      indicate that the mechanism of inhibition of Fc receptors in the two tests was
      different. In neither of the tests could we find any evidence for a unique
      association between the Fc receptors and Ia antigens. The Fc receptors on K cells
      did not seem to be associated at all with Ia antigens.

PMID- 1079234
TI  - Acute abdominal pain in children.
AB  - Acute abdominal pain in children is a common and challenging problem for the
      family physician. The many causes of this problem require a systematic approach
      to making the diagnosis and planning specific therapy. A careful history and
      physical examination, together with a small number of selected laboratory
      studies, provide a rational basis for effective management in most cases. This
      paper reviews the more common causes of acute abdominal pain in children with
      special emphasis on their clinical differentiation.

PMID- 1079236
TI  - Coronary artery surgery.

PMID- 1079235
TI  - The influence of thyroxine and acclimation temperature on glycogen reserves of
      the frog Rana pipiens.
AB  - Leopard frogs were given daily injections of Na-l-thyroxine (2.0 mug/10 g body
      weight) for seven days, and control animals were given daily injections of the
      vehicle. During the period of treatment, half of the frogs were acclimated, in
      darkness and without food, at a constant temperature of 15 degrees C, whereas the
      remainder of the animals were acclimated at 25 degrees C. At the end of the
      seventh day, the frogs were killed by decapitation, and the glycogen
      concentration in samples of liver tissue and skeletal muscle was determined
      spectrophotometrically. Total hepatic glycogen of each frog subsequently was
      calculated from data on glycogen concentration and liver weight. Treatment of
      leopard frogs with thyroxine had no apparent effect on hepatic glycogen reserves
      of animals acclimated at 15 degrees C, but there was a striking reduction in
      glycogen content of livers from hyperthyroid frogs held at 25 degrees C.
      Mobilization of hepatic glycogen in thyroxine-treated animals held at 25 degrees
      C presumably was secondary to a general stimulation of oxidative metabolism.
      Treatment with thyroxine had no effect on the concentration of glycogen in
      skeletal muscle of leopard frogs held at either of the acclimation temperatures
      used in this study.

PMID- 1079237
TI  - Subcellular distribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine in rat brain during development:
      effect of drugs and fasting.

PMID- 1079238
TI  - Participation of dopamine- and serotonin- receptors in the disaggregation of
      brain polysomes by L-dopa and L-5-HTP.

PMID- 1079239
TI  - Amino acid transport in peripheral nerve: energy and sodium dependence.

PMID- 1079240
TI  - Single-unit responses to natural vestibular stimuli and eye movements in deep
      cerebellar nuclei of the alert rhesus monkey.
AB  - To study the possible role of the cerebellum in the vestibular-ocular reflex,
      extracellular responses of cerebellar nuclear neurons were recorded in awake
      monkeys during natural vestibular stimulation; 115 neurons in the fastigial
      nucleus responded to horizontal sinusoidal accelerations applied to the head by
      means of whole-body rotation. More than 75% of these cells were located in a
      distinct layer, 500 mum thick, in the rostral part of the fastigial nucleus; they
      were excited by contralateral horizontal angular acceleration and inhibited by
      ipsilateral rotation (type IIf neurons). The remaining 25% of the population were
      scattered more caudally in the nucleus, and were excited by ipsilateral rotation
      and inhibited by contralateral rotation (type If). All showed fairly high resting
      discharges, averaging 50 spikes/s. Sinusoidal horizontal rotation (0.2--4.8 HZ)
      produced clear periodic modulation of the firing rate of fastigial neurons, which
      was approximately sinusoidal about the resting rate at low frequencies. As the
      frequency of oscillation (and the applied acceleration) increased, the sinusoidal
      modulation of unit firing increased in amplitude; at high stimulus frequencies
      the firing rate was usually driven to zero during the inhibitory part of stimulus
      cycle, but did not saturate in the excitatory half leading to an increase in the
      mean firing rate. The maximum firing rates of fastigial neurons were related to
      the peak acceleration by a power function. At all stimulus frequencies, the peak
      firing frequency of fastigial neurons lagged the input angular acceleration.
      Maximum firing of most units occurred just prior to the maximum velocity of the
      head. The gain and phase lag of the averaged unit discharge relative to head
      acceleration were calculated by Fourier analysis, using the fundamental as a
      first approximation of the response. Over a 20-fold stimulus range (0.2--4.0 HZ),
      mean phage lags of type IIf unit responses with respect to the applied
      acceleration remained relatively constant; the phase lag at 0.9 HZ measured 62
      plus or minus 13 degrees. This phase lag is very similar to that recorded from
      vestibular nerve fibers (15), suggesting that type IIf fastigial neurons provide
      an excitatory signal to the ipsilateral vestibular nuclei which is in phase with
      direct vestibular afferent input, although functionally opposite in sign. Over
      the same frequency range, the gain decreased at minus- 18 dB/decade. Our data
      suggests that the majority of fastigial neurons work in parallel with flocculus
      Purkinje cells to functionally inhibit type Iv neurons in the ipsilateral
      vestibular nuclei.

PMID- 1079241
TI  - Juvenille diabetes and some of its implications for the school nurse-teacher.

PMID- 1079243
TI  - Conservation of vision program.

PMID- 1079242
TI  - Conservation of hearing program.

PMID- 1079244
TI  - Drug education curriculum guide K-6: an integrated approach: developing self
      esteem.

PMID- 1079245
TI  - The cotton-tipped swab: a major cause of ear injury and hearing loss.

PMID- 1079246
TI  - The school health service program.

PMID- 1079247
TI  - Family life and sex education.

PMID- 1079248
TI  - Auditory perceptual disorders, "he won't outgrow them".

PMID- 1079249
TI  - Diagnosis of hypothyroidism after a surgical complication.

PMID- 1079250
TI  - Counterimmunoelectrophoresis in Hemophilus influenzae type b epiglottitis and
      pericarditis.

PMID- 1079251
TI  - Hemophilus influenzae type B susceptibility to 17 antibiotics.
AB  - One hundred and one strains of Hemophilus influenzae type b isolated at the
      Children's Hospital Medical Center from blood or CSF and 18 strains known to be
      resistant to ampicillin of which 17 were supplied to us by others were tested for
      their sensitivity to 17 antibiotics. Two groups were defined according to their
      sensitivity to ampicillin. When 10-3 bacteria were applied, 18 strains isolated
      from patients with ampicillin treatment failures had a median minimum inhibitory
      concentrations of 3.1 mug/ml. At 10-6 bacteria the median MIC for the resistant
      strains increased 512-fold, whereas the sensitive strains increased two-fold. The
      most active antibiotics against sensitive and resistant strains were rifampin,
      chloramphenicol, gentamicin, rosamycin, and erythromycin with MICs ranging from
      0.2-0.8 mug/ml at 10-3 bacteria and from 0.2-1.6 mug/ml at 10-6.

PMID- 1079252
TI  - Childhood cirrhosis associated with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. A genetic,
      biochemical, and morphologic study.
AB  - A study of 27 relatives of a child with fatal hepatic cirrhosis due to homozygous
      Z variant alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency revealed 15 members with heterozygous MZ
      phenotypes. Levels of circulating alpha-1-antitrypsin and trypsin-inhibiting
      capacity were shown to be unreliable in identifying the heterozygous state, Pi
      typing being necessary for definitive diagnosis. The morphologic evolution of the
      hepatic changes in this condition have been studied, and the importance of the
      PAS stain in identification of the characteristic cytoplasmic bodies is stressed.

PMID- 1079253
TI  - Characterization of nucleoside transport in hymenolepidid cestodes.
AB  - Three species of cestodes, Hymenolepis diminuta, H. citelli, and H. microstoma,
      were shown to transport nucleosides by a mediated process. In H. diminuta the Ki
      values of various competitive inhibitors led to the conclusion that at least 2
      different loci are involved in the transport of nucleosides. One of these loci
      has greater specificity for the purine nucleosides, the other for pyrimidine
      nucleosides. No significant difference was observed in their affinity for ribo-
      or deoxyribonucleosides, although thymidine was slightly less effective as an
      inhibitor of ribonucleosides than was uridine. Transport by the pyrimidine
      nucleoside locus was stimulated by thymine, but not by hypoxanthine, whereas
      transport by the purine nucleoside locus was stimulated by hypoxanthine but not
      by thymine. Preloading the worms with thymine gave less stimulation of transport
      than did the presence of eoxgenous modulator. Efflux of previously accumulated
      nucleoside was not blocked by the presence of exogenous modulator. The presence
      of exgenous thymine enhanced the incorporation of uridine into the nonextractable
      pool. Thymine also stimulated uracil transport in H. citelli, but not in H.
      microstoma, and had no effect on uridine transport in either of these species.
      The results of transport and modulator studies on H. diminuta grown in hamsters
      were not different from the results with worms grown in rats indicating that the
      regulatory effects observed were an inherent function of the parasite and not the
      host.

PMID- 1079254
TI  - Immune regulation.

PMID- 1079255
TI  - Nitrogenous cations as probes of permeation channels.
AB  - Nitrogenous cations may provide information-rich probes of cation-selective
      channels. Hence, for 52 nitrogenous cations we have used dilution potentials and
      biionic potentials to measure relative permeability coefficients (P's) across
      gallbladder epithelia of frog and rabbit, and have also determined the free
      solution mobilities. Measured P's of most cations are uninfluenced by the
      presence of the netral form. The main permeation pathway for most hydrophilic
      cations is across the tight junctions. P's decrease with molecular size and
      increase with number of donor protons available for hydrogen-bond formation.
      Selectivity isotherms have been constructed from variation in P's due to pH or
      due to differences among individual animals. Both types of variation are
      consistent with the pattern expected from variation in electrostatic field
      strength of cation-binding sites. The isotherms permit P's to be re-expressed in
      a way that largely eliminates effects of species differences in field strength.
      Remaining species differences in P's are well fitted by a model of steric
      restriction, provided that one takes into account the effect of hydrogen bonding
      on molecular size. Rabbit gallbladder behaves as if it has narrower permeation
      channels than frog gallbladder. After correction for these steric effects, P is
      found to increase with number of donor protons nH up to four protons, with a
      steeper slope in rabbit than in frog gallbladder,  but is independent of nH from
      four to at least nine. Two groups of cations appear to permeate significantly via
      pathways other than tight junctions: oxycations, via polar pathways in epithelial
      cell membranes of rabbit but not frog gallbladder; and lipid-soluble cations, via
      membrane lipid. The results suggest that the cation-binding sites of gallbladder
      tight junction are acidic proton-acceptors that discriminate more sharply among
      proton donors than does water. Proton-rich solutes tend to be more permeant for
      two reasons: stronger binding energies to membrane proton-acceptor sites, and
      smaller effective size in a proton-acceptor environment. As deduced from
      comparisons of nitrogenous cation selectivity patterns, the permeation channel
      through gallbladder tight junction differs from nerve's sodium channel and
      artificial carriers and channels in its higher hydration and lower range of
      selectivity. Based on the steric analysis of nitrogenous cation permeation, one
      can correct alkali cation permeability coefficients for the effect of steric
      restriction.

PMID- 1079256
TI  - Quantitative relationship between active sodium transport, expansion of
      endoplasmic reticulum and specialized vacuoles ("scalloped sacs") in the
      outermost living cell layer of the frog skin epithelium (Rana temporaria)
AB  - When an isolated frog skin (Rana temporaria) is exposed to a hydrostatic pressure
      difference between inside and outside bathing solutions (inside pressure higher
      than outside) of 20-50 cm of H2O and if under these conditions the skin is short
      circuited electrically, small "vacuoles" appear light-microscopically in the
      outermost living cell layer in the epithelium. The number of such "vacuoles"
      shows a linear dependency on the rate of active sodium transport as measured by
      the short-circuit current. Electron-microscopically, the "vacuoles" are
      interpreted as previously undescribed organelles, the "scalloped sacs" which are
      about 0.5 mu in diameter, with a wrinkled surface and bounded by a unit membrane.
      This organelle is in intimate contact with sacs and tubules of smooth endoplasmic
      reticulum. The observed increase in the number of scalloped sacs usually is
      accompanied by a significant expansion of the whole system of endoplasmic
      reticulum. Some of the "vacuoles" seen light-microscopically must indeed be
      expanded cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. The findings are discussed in light
      of the possibility that the scalloped sacs and the endoplasmic reticulum may be
      involved in active transport of sodium ions.

PMID- 1079257
TI  - Traumatic gastric perforation in children from blunt trauma.

PMID- 1079258
TI  - Gastric perforation secondary to blunt trauma in children.

PMID- 1079259
TI  - Acute renal failure in combat injuries.
AB  - The mortality in 25 patients suffering from post-combat injury acute renal
      failure (ARF) was 64%. Abdominal injuries were present in 17 patients with a
      mortality rate of 64.7%. Respiratory insufficiency occurred in 14 patients,
      jaundice occurred in 13, and septicemia in 10. The mean period of oliguria was
      high, 24.1 days per survivor, and the number of hemodialyses averaged 21.6 per
      survivor. It is concluded that the high mortality is primary due to the severity
      of the underlying injury itself and not due to the renal failure, that the ARF is
      more severe than in civilian injuries, as evidenced by a prolonged oliguric
      phase, and that frequent and intensive hemodialysis regimen is necessary for the
      elimination of deaths from uremia per se.

PMID- 1079260
TI  - Fractured right coronary artery.

PMID- 1079261
TI  - Lumbosacral nerve root avulsion: report of a case and review of the literature.
AB  - The 14th myelographically demonstrated case of lumbosacral nerve root avulsion is
      presented with a summary of the previously reported cases. In most cases
      lumbosacral nerve root avulsion is associated with pelvic fractures and
      sacroiliac dislocation, which cause a stretching force to be applied to the
      nerves of the lumbar and sacral plexuses, and in turn to the nerve roots
      intradurally. This force causes nerve root avulsion in the intradural course of
      the nerve root. The myelographic defect is a pseudomeningocele or diverticulum
      like outpouching created by the tearing of the arachnoid covering of the nerve
      roots. Myelography clearly indicates nerve root avulsion and surgical exploration
      is not indicated.

PMID- 1079262
TI  - [Studies on experimental spontaneous flare up reaction and distribution of bound
      dinitrochlorobenzene in skin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079263
TI  - [A case of infantile digital fibromatosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079264
TI  - [Heterogeneity of epidermal acid phosphatase (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079265
TI  - [Infiltrative cells of the skin, with special reference to histiocytes].

PMID- 1079266
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of infiltrative cells of the skin in various skin
      diseases].

PMID- 1079267
TI  - [Study of the cross section of the skin by scanning electron microscopy--with
      special reference to infiltrative monocytes].

PMID- 1079268
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy of macrophages].

PMID- 1079270
TI  - [Histochemical study of DNA of the epidermis].

PMID- 1079269
TI  - [Nucleic acid metabolism of the epidermis (introduction].

PMID- 1079271
TI  - [DNA repair: study of DNA repair mechanism in man using cells of patients with
      xeroderma pigmentosum].

PMID- 1079272
TI  - [Nucleic acids and skin diseases].

PMID- 1079273
TI  - [Supplementary notes on atopic dermatitis].

PMID- 1079274
TI  - [Newer aspects on the pathogenesis of alergic contact dermattis].

PMID- 1079275
TI  - [Delayed hypersensitivity and resistence to infections].

PMID- 1079276
TI  - [Delayed hypersensitivity and its clinical application--malignant melanoma].

PMID- 1079277
TI  - [SLE and delayed hypersensitivity].

PMID- 1079278
TI  - [Mechanism of granuloma formation by epitheloid cells].

PMID- 1079279
TI  - [Researches conducted on hygienic care in Japan].

PMID- 1079280
TI  - [Discussion: cleanliness, its cultural background and anthropological
      characteristics].

PMID- 1079281
TI  - [Patients' desire for cleanliness - significance of "cleanliness" in medicine].

PMID- 1079282
TI  - [Discussion: reevaluation of "cleanliness" in nursing].

PMID- 1079283
TI  - [Development of professional attitude among student nurses].

PMID- 1079284
TI  - [Formulation of hypothesis and its function].

PMID- 1079285
TI  - [Aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass graft].

PMID- 1079286
TI  - [Studies on Trichomonas vaginalis in urological fields. V11. The experimental
      infection of Trichomonas vaginalis in human urethra (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079287
TI  - [Studies on Trichomonas vaginalis in urological fields. VIII. Hydratase of
      Trichomonas vaginalis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079288
TI  - [Studies on Trichomonas vaginalis in urological fields. IX. Aldolase, LDH and
      alcohol dehydrogenase of trichomanas vaginalis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079289
TI  - Cell-detaching activity mediated by an enzyme(s) obtained from human leukocyte
      granules.
AB  - Granule proteins have been isolated from human peripheral blood leukocytes and
      their effects on intact tissue culture cells have been determined. Three hours
      after the addition of the mixture of granule hydrolases, both HeLa cells and
      human newborn fibroblasts were detached from one another and from their growth
      surface, but they seemed to remain viable, since cell-bound -51Cr was retained.
      Further studies with HeLa cells indicated that after as long as 24 hours in the
      presence of these enzymes the cells remained viable as judged by several
      independent criteria. The enzyme activity responsible for cell detachment was
      subject to inhibition by various protease inhibitors. Its molecular size, as
      determined by gel filtration, was approximately 20,000 daltons. In addition, the
      naturally occurring serum inhibitor of this enzyme activity was characterized as
      either alpha(1)-antitrypsin or another protein with similar properties.

PMID- 1079290
TI  - Coronary artery surgery for impending myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1079291
TI  - Risk of coronary surgery. Two hundred consecutive patients with no hospital
      deaths.
AB  - Revascularization surgery must carry a low morbidity and mortality rate to be a
      valid alternative treatment of obstructive coronary disease. A consecutive series
      of 200 patients underwent coronary bypasses at LIJ-HMC. The average age was 53.9
      years (33 to 77) with 81.5 per cent of the patients men. Clinical presentation
      was as follows: 28 per cent were in New York Heart Association Class III and 72
      per cent in Class IV (or unstable). Previous infarctions were documented in 37
      per cent. Sixteen patients (8 per cent) had disease of the main left coronary
      artery. Single bypasses were placed in 37.5 per cent, double in 40.5 per cent,
      and triple or quadruple in 22 per cent. The rate of vein graft patency was 95.3
      per cent (245 of 257 studied grafts). There were no hospital deaths in this
      consecutive group of 200 patients. There have been two late deaths after an
      average follow-up period of 16 months.

PMID- 1079292
TI  - Postperfusion stenosis of the common left coronary artery.
AB  - Late stenosis is a rare but potentially lethal complication of coronary
      perfusion. In 3 patients, anginal pain appeared 2 to 6 months after aortic valve
      surgery. Coronary angiography was performed because of rapid evolution of
      symptoms. Severe stenosis of the common left coronary artery was shown in all 3
      cases. Immediate aorto-coronary bypass was undertaken with good results. Graft
      patency was demonstrated in 2 cases, 6 and 7 months after the operations.

PMID- 1079293
TI  - A comparison of membrane and bubble oxygenation as used in cardiopulmonary bypass
      in patients. The importance of pericardial blood as a source of hemolysis.
AB  - A prospective clinical study involving more than 500 patients was designed to
      compare the Lande-Edwards membrane oxygenator and the Bentley bubble oxygenator.
      First, the importance of exposure of blood to the pericardium as the major source
      of hemolysis during open-heart surgery was confirmed. Because of this finding, we
      included in this study only those patients in whom the blood spilled into the
      pericardium was not returned to the pump. Under these circumstances, we found
      that hemolysis was relatively low in patients oxygenated with the membrane
      oxygenator.

PMID- 1079294
TI  - Pulmonary cavitary disease due to mycobacterium tuberculosis in teenagers.

PMID- 1079295
TI  - [Reagin allergic conditions].

PMID- 1079296
TI  - [An experiment with special rheumatological consultation at the district health
      service center level].

PMID- 1079297
TI  - Studies on the origin of latency relaxation and resting tension of skeletal
      muscle: the effect of hypotonic solutions.

PMID- 1079298
TI  - Depolarization and potentiation of responses to acetylcholine elicited by ATP on
      frog muscle.

PMID- 1079299
TI  - Maternal deaths in Australia compared with England and Wales from 1967 to 1969.
AB  - A comparison of the main causes of maternal death in Australia and in England and
      Wales over the same three-year period from 1967 to 1969 was undertaken, based on
      the trienneal reports from the two countires. In this triennium the maternal
      mortality rates (maternal deaths due to pregnancy and childbirth and not
      including associated maternal deaths) of the two countries were very similar,
      that of Australia being 0.23 per 1,000 and that of England and Wales being 0.21
      per 1,000. These figures include death due to abortion, and both show an
      improvement from the previous triennium. Comparison of the figures still reveals
      higher death rates from haemorrhage, pulmonary embolism and preeclampsia in
      Australia than in England and Wales, but this is largely balanced by the higher
      death rate from abortion in England and Wales. In 1972 Neil and Townsend compared
      the first report on maternal deaths in the Commonwealth of Australia with the
      fifth report on maternal deaths in England and Wales, covering the triennium 1964
      to 1966. The purpose of this article is to compare the reports on the triennium
      1967 to 1969 (Beischer et alii, 1972); Report on Confidential Enquiries into
      Maternal Deaths in England and Wales, 1967-1969) and to comment on the
      improvements which have occurred in this triennium.

PMID- 1079300
TI  - Ampicillin and amoxycillin resistance in Haemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1079301
TI  - Practicable gastric hypothermia for bleeding: new methodology, investigation and
      clinical aspects.

PMID- 1079302
TI  - Candida endophthalmitis.

PMID- 1079303
TI  - Letter: Genetically inherited traits in an Amish population.

PMID- 1079304
TI  - Initial treatment of meningitis in children.

PMID- 1079305
TI  - [The question of thrombocytopathy in Von Willebrand's disease].

PMID- 1079306
TI  - [Congenital thrombocytopathy, Nosological classification and case reports].

PMID- 1079307
TI  - [Thrombopenia in the course of tubercular disease. Preliminary note].

PMID- 1079308
TI  - [Von Willebrand's disease].

PMID- 1079309
TI  - Treatment of hemorrhoids and application of cryotechnique.

PMID- 1079310
TI  - Thyroid carcinoma presenting as epidural metastasis with spinal cord compression.

PMID- 1079311
TI  - Disturbances of psychosexual development of adolescent girls.

PMID- 1079312
TI  - Aids to the surgeon by mammography.

PMID- 1079313
TI  - Chondroblastic sarcoma of the breast.

PMID- 1079314
TI  - The value of exploratory laparotomy in fever of unknown etiology.

PMID- 1079315
TI  - Von Hippel-Lindau's disease: case report and oncogenic consideration.

PMID- 1079316
TI  - The student's corner.

PMID- 1079317
TI  - Letter: Methotrexate-citrovorum factor in treating osteogenic sarcoma.

PMID- 1079318
TI  - Letter: Immunologic deficiencies during viral infection.

PMID- 1079319
TI  - Letter: Patient care by protocol.

PMID- 1079320
TI  - Surface receptors in the immune response.

PMID- 1079321
TI  - Letter: Proportion of E rosettes normal in Graves's and Hashimoto's disease: a
      retraction.

PMID- 1079322
TI  - Serum immunoglobulins in the nephrotic syndrome. A possible cause of minimal
      change nephrotic syndrome.
AB  - To assess immunologic factors in the pathogenesis of idiopathic minimal-change
      nephrotic syndrome (INS), serum immunoglobulin concentrations were measured in 37
      children with this syndrome and compared with those found in 36 with nephrotic
      syndrome secondary to chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN). Serum IgG and IgA levels
      were significantly reduced in nephrotic patients with either INS or CGN, IgG
      averaging 18.5 and 25.9 per cent of normal (P less than 0.001) and IgA 59.8 and
      44.1 per cent of normal (P less than 0.01) respectively. Values increased after
      treatment of INS with prednisone, but mean values remained low. Serum IgM
      concentrations in INS averaged more than twice normal before, during, and after
      successful treatment with steroids. Patients with CGN did not have equivalent
      elevations of serum IgM. Thus, the primary defect in INS may be immunologic and
      could consist of deficiency in the T-cell function that mediates conversion of
      IgM synthesis to IgG synthesis.

PMID- 1079324
TI  - The reorganised health service: the first six months and the next ten years.

PMID- 1079323
TI  - Letter: Effects of coronary bypass procedures.

PMID- 1079325
TI  - Helper effect of normal and irradiated thymus cells on transferred immunoglobulin
      production.

PMID- 1079326
TI  - T-cell dependence of immune response to hepatitis B antigen in mice.

PMID- 1079327
TI  - Distribution of butanol molecules along bullfrog olfactory mucosa.

PMID- 1079328
TI  - Effects of cordycepin and cordycepintriphosphate on polyadenylic and ribonucleic
      acid-synthesising enzymes from eukaryotes.

PMID- 1079329
TI  - Antibody stimulation of tumour growth in T-cell depleted mice.

PMID- 1079330
TI  - Killer T cells in a Burkitt's lymphoma biopsy.

PMID- 1079331
TI  - Small bowel intramural hematoma secondary to coumadin anticoagulation.

PMID- 1079332
TI  - T-lymphocytes and serum inhibitors of cell-mediated immunity in renal
      insufficiency.
AB  - In acute as well as chronic renal insufficiency significant immunological
      abnormalities were found: diminution of delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions,
      lymphopenia, reduction of the absolute but not relative number of peripheral
      blood T-lymphocytes. Responses of lymphocytes from uremic patients to PHA,
      allogeneic cells, or antigens were normal when lymphocyte cultures were preformed
      in allologous serum from a healthy individual. Sera from uremic patients had an
      inhibitory or toxic effect on stimulation of normal lymphocytes. Such an in vitro
      inhibitory activity was found not only in the whole serum but also when certain
      substances retained in renal failure (methylguanidine, larger molecules, etc.)
      were added in the lymphocyte cultures.

PMID- 1079333
TI  - [Data obtained in more than 20 years of extensive use of Salvioli's diffusing
      anti-tuberculosis killed vaccine in Bologna].
AB  - V.D.S. (Killed T.B. vaccine, Salvioli disperdent) has been administered
      intradermally to the newborn in Bologna for over 20 yr. It causes a distinct
      reaction, lasting several weeks, in the injection site and its associated
      tissues. The alllergy thus constituted is evidence of a highly effective, timely
      and lasting defence reaction, accompanied by a marked increase in paraspecific
      reactivity directed to various other sources of infection. These features have
      been observed and recorded over the long period in which V.D.S. has been widely
      employed in voluntary vaccination of the newborn in Bologna.

PMID- 1079334
TI  - [Incidence of sideropenic anemia in general medical patients].

PMID- 1079335
TI  - Vagal responses to vestibular stimulation in the cat.
AB  - The effects of vestibular stimuli on the vagal efferent complex were examined in
      cats under chloralose anasthesia. The results showed that two functionally
      distinct groups of vagal efferent fibres are excited by vestibular stimuli. The
      neural complex involved in the delayed vestibulo-vagal response (latency of 15-22
      msec) lies at the orbital surface of the cerebral cortex. The early response
      (latency of 3-5 msec) originates in the medulla oblongata. The reaction of some
      vagal units to vestibular polarization is quite similar to that of vestibular
      units and suggests that primary vestibular fibres reach the ipsilateral vagal
      efferent neurons. The present experiments give further evidence that the
      vestibular complex exerts a controlling influence on the cardiovascular system.

PMID- 1079336
TI  - Hemophilus meningitis: comparison of H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae.
AB  - Eleven cases of Hemophilus meningitis seen in the last year are reported. Three
      were H. parainfluenzae and eight were H. influenzae. The number of patients is
      small but probably indicates that there is little difference in the clinical or
      laboratory data in meningitis caused by these two organisms. The children with H.
      parainfluenzae tended to be less anemic and had more normal admission spinal
      fluid sugars and proteins, but this was probably because these patients were
      older and had shorter prodromes. As more cases of H. parainfluenzae meningitis
      are noted, it seems likely that there will not be any difference in the clinical
      or laboratory data. Two of the three cases of H. parainfluenzae meningitis had
      the complication of ataxia secondary to severe bilateral vestibular deficits.
      Finally, it should be noted that these two organisms will not be distinguished by
      routine bacteriological studies, and that differentiation must be carried out by
      an experimental laboratory.

PMID- 1079337
TI  - [Effect of BCG and APDT vaccination on the morbidity in young children].

PMID- 1079338
TI  - [Letter: Rheumatism in anguilluliasis. Joint manifestations and anguilluliasis].

PMID- 1079339
TI  - [Clinical study and course of 102 cases of chronic pancreatitis].
AB  - Symptomatology, signs and clinical course were studied in 102 cases of chronic
      pancreatics (CP), confirmed on the basis of strict criteria. Calcifications were
      present in 72 cases and chronic alcoholism in 81 cases. In seven patients acute
      pancreatitis, confirmed at surgery, appeared to have preceeded the development of
      CP. The only clinical difference between calcifying and non-calcifying forms was
      a higher incidence of steatorrhea in the first group. Cholelithiasis was present
      in 17 p.cent, alcoholic cirrhosis in 17 p.cent and a peptic ulcer in 24 p.cent of
      the whole series. Seventy two patients underwent surgery either for a
      complication in their course (attack of acute pancreatitis, pancreatic pseudo
      cyst, cholestatic jaundice, segmental portal hypertension or antro-pyloroduodenal
      stenosis) or for cholelithiasis. Course assessed in 70 patients studied for more
      than 2 years was regressive in almost 60 p.cent of cases. There was no difference
      in the frequency of regression in those patients undergoing surgery and those
      treated medically only. In all cases, abstention from alcohol is an essential
      factor to a favourable result.

PMID- 1079340
TI  - [An antibody called LATS].

PMID- 1079341
TI  - [Letter: Antinuclear autoimmunization in Swan mice. Prevention and regression by
      treatment with thymosin].

PMID- 1079342
TI  - Letter: Implantation of fetal thymus during the terminal period of Hodgkin's
      disease. Immunologic and histological data.

PMID- 1079343
TI  - [Letter: Hemodynamics of aorto-coronary bypasses. Functional classification based
      on peroperative measurements].

PMID- 1079344
TI  - Drug therapy in rheumatic disease.

PMID- 1079345
TI  - Nursing care study: post-partum haemorrhage due to hypofibrinogenaemia.

PMID- 1079346
TI  - Thymus-derived rat lymphocyte receptor for cell surface antigens is a
      nonserologically defined product of the major histocompatibility gene complex.
AB  - Recognition of cell surface antigens by nonsensitized thymus-derived rat
      lymphocytes is not affected by antisera against immunoglobulin, yet can be
      effectively blocked by treatment of the lymphocytes with alloantisera raised
      against lymphoid cells. However, allo antisera induced by nonlymphoid cells do
      not inhibit recognition. Adsorption of blocking antisera on immunoglobulin
      Sepharose columns does not decrease their blocking activity. Absorption of
      blocking alloantisera with liver and kidney homogenates removes the cytotoxic
      alloantibodies, yet does not affect the capacity of the antisera to block
      recognition. Anti-H1-1 alloantisera block antigen recognition only of lymphocytes
      of strains that share the H1-1 locus. These results suggest that the constant
      part of the thymus-derived lymphocyte receptor for cell-surface antigens is a
      product of the rat major histocompatibility locus, which is not identical with
      the serologically defined antigens.

PMID- 1079347
TI  - Differentiation of population of peripheral blood lymphocytes into cells bearing
      sheep erythrocyte receptors in vitro by human thymic extract.
AB  - A small population of human marrow cells has been shown to be differentiated in
      vitro by thymic extract into cells bearing T-lymphocyte (thymus-derived
      lymphocyte) characteristics. By a similar method, the differentiation of human
      peripheral blood lymphocytes has been studied. A discontinuous gradient of bovine
      serum albumin was used to isolate lymphocytes into four layers and cells from
      layers I and III demonstrated the greatest potential for differentiation by human
      thymic extract. Appearance of T-lymphocyte characteristics was recognized by the
      spontaneous E-rosette technique with sheep erythrocytes. Ability of human marrow
      cells to be differentiated under the influence of human thymic extract was
      abolished by specific inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis, however, had no
      inhibitory effect on the maturation of peripheral blood lymphocytes during a 2 hr
      incubation with human thymic extract but puromycin, an inhibitor of protein
      synthesis, abolished this differentiative step in cells of layer I. It is
      suggested from these studies that many of the cells in peripheral blood that are
      differentiable by thymic extract are at a stage of maturation more advanced than
      those in human marrow that are also differentiable by thymic extract.

PMID- 1079348
TI  - Repair of ultraviolet irradiation damage to a cytoplasmic component required for
      neural induction in the amphibian egg.
AB  - Localized ultraviolet irradiation of the amphibian egg destroys a cytoplasmic
      component that is required for neural induction. Destruction of that component
      severely diminishes the inducing capacity of the dorsal lip at gastrulation, as
      determined by embryological assays. Repair of the ultraviolet lesion can be
      achieved by replacing the dorsal lip of the irradiated embyro with a lip from an
      unirradiated embryo.

PMID- 1079350
TI  - The effect of adjuvant disease on serum amylase in the rat.

PMID- 1079349
TI  - Presynaptic action of barbiturates in the frog spinal cord.
AB  - The action of pentobarbital on primary afferents of the isolated frog spinal cord
      was analyzed with sucrose gap and intracellular recordings techniques.
      Pentobarbital in concentrations generally considered to be in the anesthetic
      range greatly prolonged presynaptic inhibition and also depolarized primary
      afferents. The depolarization was accompanied by an increase in excitability and
      resulted from activation of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors, possibly by a
      direct action on these receptors, since the depolarization was reversibly blocked
      by gamma-aminobutyric acid, but not by glycine, antagonists, and magnesium ions.
      Furthermore, dorsal root ganglion cells exhibited a reduced sensitivity to both
      gamma-aminobutyric acid and pentobarbital after a "desensitizing" dose of gamma
      aminobutyric acid. The prolongation of presynaptic inhibition and the activation
      of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors on primary afferents by pentobarbital should
      act to reduce the amount of transmitter released from the first synapse in
      sensory pathways.

PMID- 1079351
TI  - Cross-reactivity between human thymus and mouse lymphoid tissues, as revealed by
      rabbit antiserum against human brain.
AB  - Rabbit anti-human brain antisera were found cytotoxic for mouse thymus, lymph
      node, and spleen cells. Absorption with human thymus cells removed some of the
      cytotoxic antibodies. Cross-reactions were also detected among human brain and
      thymus and mouse brain, liver, and erythrocytes.

PMID- 1079353
TI  - [Editorial: The physician and the pharmaceutical industry].

PMID- 1079352
TI  - Transcatheter arterial embolization in the management of bleeding in the cancer
      patient.
AB  - Selective transcatheter arterial embolization was performed in 7 cancer patients
      with gastrointestinal or uterine bleeding. Most were bleeding from neoplastic
      tissue and were refractory to conservative management. Complete and permanent
      cessation of bleeding was obtained in 5 patients, including 3 with gastric
      bleeding, 1 with colonic bleeding, and in 1 with uterine bleeding. Successful
      arterial embolization allowed further treatment of the underlying disease which
      was particularly critical as these patients were poor surgical candidates. No
      significant or prolonged side effects were noted.

PMID- 1079354
TI  - [Drug-induced lupus. Study in a community of mental patients].

PMID- 1079355
TI  - [Giant fibroma of the vagina].

PMID- 1079356
TI  - Aplastic anemia. Peculiar aspects of 2 cases.

PMID- 1079357
TI  - [New orientation in distal esophagectomy: reconstruction by esophagogastric
      anastomoses with an anti-reflux valve].

PMID- 1079358
TI  - [Anatomical study on the small saphenous vein. A. Its behavior in relation to the
      fascia of the leg. B. Relation of the vein to the branches of the sciatic nerve
      in the popliteal fossa].

PMID- 1079359
TI  - [Homosexuality. Evolution of its etiopathogenic concepts. Correlation with
      endocrinology].

PMID- 1079360
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1079361
TI  - [Action of prostaglandins injected intraperitoneally in rats].

PMID- 1079362
TI  - [Arterial hypertension in nephropathies. Clinico-pathological analysis].

PMID- 1079363
TI  - [Causes of congestive heart failure. Retrospective study based on necropsies].

PMID- 1079364
TI  - [Neurofibrosarcoma of the infra-orbital branches of the superior maxillary
      nerve].

PMID- 1079365
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1079366
TI  - [Transitory acute glaucoma: complication of herpes zoster].

PMID- 1079367
TI  - Problem-oriented record; uniting the team for total care.

PMID- 1079368
TI  - [Value of HL-A groups in diagnosis in rheumatology].
AB  - Since 1972, several relations have been demonstrated between some HL-A antigens
      and some articular diseases. The W27 antigen frequency is highly increased in
      ankylosing spondylitis (88%) and in Reiter disease (78%) compared with controls
      (5%). In peripheral forms of psoriatic rheumatism, the W17 and HL-A13 antigens
      are more frequent (24% and 15%) than in healthy subjects (4% and 5%). In central
      forms of psoriatic rheumatism, there is a relation with W27 (48%) and still, we
      do not know if this association concerns only spondylitis or also sacro-iletis.
      The HL-A typing may be useful for the diagnosis of some rheumatologic diseases,
      when for the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. The relation between W27 and
      ankylosing spondylitis is cleanly stronger than that between Waaler-Rose reaction
      and rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1079369
TI  - [W27 HL-A antigen. Diagnostic value in rheumatology].
AB  - The authors studied the tissue groups in a first series of patients with properly
      diagnosed rheumatic disorders. They found HL-A W27 antigen in 84 percent of 50
      cases of primitive ankylosing spondylarthritis in adults, in 33 percent of the 50
      cases of Fiessinger-Leroy-Reiter syndrome, in 20 percent of the 40 cases of
      psoriatic polyarthritis (50 percent of the 12 cases with radiological sacroiliac
      involvement) and in 66 percent of the 6 cases of spondylarthritis associated with
      haemorrhagic rectocolitis. In a second series of 45 patients with unclassifiable
      inflammatory rheumatism, only the W27 antigen tested for and it was found in 33
      percent of the patients. On the basis of these observations, which were compared
      with those in other publications, the authors confirm the absence of a clear
      correlation between the pathological picture and the presence of the W27 antigen.
      They discuss the significance of the association between the W27 antigen and the
      disease, and underline the diagnostic and sometimes the prognostic value of the
      W27 test in rheumatology.

PMID- 1079370
TI  - Current knowledge of pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1079371
TI  - Rapid changes in shape and cell architecture of isolated fragments of amphibian
      embryonic tissues as an experimental model of morphogenesis.
AB  - Changes in the shape and cell architecture of pieces of epithelial and neural
      ectoderm, mesoderm, neural tube, and combined ectomesodermal fragments from
      embryos of Rana temporaria 0-60 min after isolation were studied. The fragments
      were capable of changing their shape quickly (actually during separation) or
      after a latent period of several minutes. Rapid deformations were not prevented
      by cooling or by moderate doses of cyanide; as a rule they were connected with
      contraction of the surface area of the cells of the fragment and they can be
      regarded as relaxation to forms with lower mechanical energy. The direction of
      the deformation usually coincides with the subsequent normal morphogenesis of the
      particular anlage. Deformations with a latent period are suppressed by cooling
      and by the addition of cyanide, which lead to an increase in the surface area of
      individual cells, but they reduce the total surface area of the fragment. The
      shape of the fragments becomes more complex: they become irregularly twisted,
      they form folds, and they separate into spherical regions with stretched surfaces
      ("drops"). These processes are connected with the performance of positive
      mechanical work by the intracellular contractile systems. The reasons why the
      fragments become more complex in shape are discussed.

PMID- 1079372
TI  - Behavior of sperm nuclei injected into intact ripening and ripe toad oocytes and
      into oocytes ripening after removal of the germinal vesicle.
AB  - The behavior of frog sperm nuclei (obtained by treating a sperm suspension with
      pronase) in the cytoplasm of intact ripening and ripe toad oocytes and in the
      cytoplasm of oocytes ripening after removal of the germinal vesicle was studied.
      Sperm nuclei treated with pronase in the cytoplasm of intact ripe oocytes behave
      like the nuclei of sperm cells penetrating during normal fertilization: they
      increase in volume, synthesize DNA, and start to divide. They undergo no changes
      in the cytoplasm of oocytes ripening in the absence of karyoplasm.
      Transformations of sperm nuclei into pronuclei and DNA synthesis in them are
      found initially at the metaphase stage of the second maturation division.

PMID- 1079373
TI  - Hepatic trauma in adults.

PMID- 1079374
TI  - Prophylactic anticoagulation in total hip replacement.
AB  - In the prevention of thromboembolic complications following elective total hip
      operations, warfarin is a safe and effective agent which causes minimal bleeding
      complications, if the drug is first administered on the first postoperative day
      and thereafter continued in various dosages to maintain a prothrombin time
      between one and one and one-half and two times that of the control. Dextran also
      is effective in preventing thromboembolic complications but causes more bleeding
      problems, especially when administered intraoperatively.

PMID- 1079375
TI  - Transmyocardial left-to-right shunt complicating acute inferior wall myocardial
      infarction after aortocoronary bypass.
AB  - A 61-year-old woman suffered an inferior wall myocardial infarction on the third
      day following aortocoronary bypass surgery. Her condition subsequently
      deteriorated and she was not responsive to vigorous conventional therapy. On the
      twenty-first postoperative day, selective coronary arteriography revealed a
      patent circumflex bypass graft and an occluded right coronary artery bypass
      graft. Left ventricular injection showed slight dilation of the ventricle and a
      reduced ejection fraction. A dissection from the left ventricular cavity into the
      myocardium, across the septum near the apex of the left ventricle with rupture
      into the right ventricle, was seen functioning as a left-to-right shunt with a
      step-up in oxygen saturation at that level. This was corrected by operation on
      the twenty-ninth postoperative day and, 9 months after operation, the patient
      remains asymptomatic and has normal exercise tolerance.

PMID- 1079376
TI  - [Deep peripheral venous thrombosis. Prophylactic use of mechanical agents].

PMID- 1079377
TI  - Mechanisms of action of genes controlling the immune response.

PMID- 1079378
TI  - Mechanisms of action of Ir genes and their possible application to tumors.

PMID- 1079379
TI  - Electrohydraulic stone disintegration.

PMID- 1079380
TI  - Inhibition of rhodopsin regeneration in the bullfrog eye by metabolic inhibitors.

PMID- 1079381
TI  - The time course of inhibition during the delayed response of the on-off ganglion
      cell in the frog.

PMID- 1079382
TI  - Rod and cone contributions to the delayed response of the on-off ganglion cell in
      the frog.

PMID- 1079383
TI  - Color opponent slow potential interactions in the frontal organ of the frog: Rana
      pipiens.

PMID- 1079384
TI  - Heterochromatic additivity and the acuity response.

PMID- 1079385
TI  - Temperature dependence of cone pigment regeneration in the isolated frog retina
      following flash and continuous bleaches.

PMID- 1079386
TI  - Responses of the amacrine cell to optic nerve stimulation in the frog retina.

PMID- 1079387
TI  - Blood pressure of persons 18-74 years.  United States, 1971-72.

PMID- 1079388
TI  - Medical staff conference: recent chapters in the factor VIII saga--perils of a
      protein. Fifth annual Paul M. Aggeler Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 1079389
TI  - Editorial: The hemophiloid diseases and factor VIII. Clinical molecular biology.

PMID- 1079390
TI  - [Cellular immunity in neoplastic diseases].

PMID- 1079391
TI  - [Peutz-Jeghers syndrome].

PMID- 1079392
TI  - [Esophage-gastro-duodenoscopy in surgical practice].

PMID- 1079393
TI  - Investigating the child with frequent infections.
AB  - Children frequently present with a history of repeated infections. When these
      infections are serious and respond poorly to normally successful treatment
      programs, suspicion of a basic defect in one or more host defense mechanisms may
      be raised. In such cases defects in humoral or cell-mediated immunity, phagocytic
      cell functions or the complement system must be sought. Much of our knowledge
      about the development and functions of these cooperating but independent systems
      allows clinical observations to provide a generally accurate prediction of the
      nature of the defect involved. The degree of sophistication with which the
      systems can be evaluated and the possibilities for therapeutic manipulation are
      rapidly increasing. In this article are outlined the basic pathophysiological
      mechanisms needed to approach these increasingly recognized problems.

PMID- 1079394
TI  - [Indication for coronary surgery with special reference to hemodynamic results].
AB  - An analysis is made whether and how far the aims of coronary artery bypass
      surgery improvement or relief of angina, improvement of the physical working
      capacity, improvement of the oxygen supply of ischemic myocardium, improvement of
      the myocardial function, improvement of longevity, can be attained. 48 percent of
      87 patients had complete subsidance of angina pectoris after operation. There was
      a considerable improvement in 32 percent, no change in 14 percent, and a
      deterioration in 6 percent. After operation, the working capacity was improved in
      73 percent of our patients significantly, in some cases nearly unlimited. By a
      comparison between loss of complaints and bypass function (open or closed) we
      found a good correlation between functioning bypasses and complaints. But there
      are some cases without complaints in spite of a closure of the bypass. Also the
      reverse, unchanged complaints in spite of an open bypass, was seen. A
      normalisation of preoperative disturbed myocardial function can be attained.
      Significant improvements, but also deteriorations can be found. Generally, there
      is a good correlation between improved myocardial function and improvement of the
      working capacity. Yet there is not rarely a discrepancy between a significant
      improvement of the working capacity and the left ventricular function. The
      explanation may be a loss or a postoperative augmented threshold for anging
      pectoris. Comparing the groups of patients with conservative and surgical
      treatment, the superiority of surgical treatment cannot be proved as yet. An
      exception seems to be the stenosis of the left main coronary artery. With this
      exception, prognostic considerations cannot play a role for the indication of a
      coronary bypass operation. Aspects for the indication of coronary surgery are
      untractable or disabling angina pectoris and the consideration how impending
      complications can be prevented.

PMID- 1079395
TI  - Factors affecting intraoperatively determined aortocoronary vein graft blood flow
      in 109 patients.

PMID- 1079396
TI  - Relation of intraoperative or early postoperative transmural myocardial
      infarction to patency of aortocoronary bypass grafts and to diseased ungrafted
      coronary arteries.
AB  - Serial preoperative and postoperative electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms
      were obtained in 500 patients undergoing saphenous vein aortocoronary artery
      bypass graft surgery. Evidence of transmural myocardial infarction was found
      early postoperatively in 67 patients (13 percent). Age and sex distributions,
      number of vessels diseased or vessels grafted, and preoperative and postoperative
      New York Heart Association functional classification (mean follow-up, 26 months)
      did not differ in the groups with and without infarction. Increased duration of
      cardiopulmonary bypass time (more than 120 minutes) was slightly greater in the
      group with infarction (P smaller than 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that
      60 percent of patients in the group with infarction were identified by a 1st day
      serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase value greater than 100 U/liter; however,
      for each such patient identified, there was approximately one false positive
      result. Use of other values (creatine phosphokinase, cardiopulmonary bypass time
      and total anoxic rest time) did not improve discrimination. Twenty-five percent
      of all transmural infarctions occurred within the zone of myocardium supplied by
      a diseased ungrafted artery. In 32 patients with early evidence of transmural
      mycardial infarction in a zone of myocardium supplied by a grafted artery,
      postoperative angiography showed as many with patent as with occluded grafts. Of
      154 patients in the group without infarction who had early postoperative graft
      angiograms, 30 (19 percent) had one graft occluded and yet no evidence of
      transmural infarction by our criteria. Therefore, early postoperative evidence of
      transmural myocardial infarction as defined in this study is an unreliable
      indicator of the status of the graft supplying the zone of infarction.

PMID- 1079397
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass in the diabetic patient.
AB  - ONe hundred twelve patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass--35 with diabetes of
      adult onset and 77 without diabetes--were studied to determine whether diabetic
      patients have additional operative risks and greater operative mortality and
      whether their coronary disease differs from that of nondiabetic patients. Among
      the diabetic patients there was a greater prevalence of preoperative unstable
      angina, prior myocardial infarction and class IV functional disability (New York
      Heart Association criteria). The major coronary arteries angiographically and at
      operation appeared similar in both groups. The blood flow rates measured in
      aortocoronary bypass vein grafts were similar in both groups, raising doubt about
      the presence of microvascular disease in the myocardium of the diabetic patient.
      Preliminary follow-up results demonstrated relief of anginal symptoms in 76
      percent of diabetic and 78 percent of nondiabetic patients. The operative
      mortality rate of 9 percent in diabetic and 4 percent in nondiabetic patients
      occurred among the first 40 patients in the series; no patient in either group
      has died in the immediate postoperative period during the last 18 months of the
      study. Aortocoronary bypass should be recommended to diabetic patients with
      symptomatic coronary arteriosclerosis using the same criteria for operability
      applied to the nondiabetic population.

PMID- 1079398
TI  - Surgical versus medical treatment of occlusive disease confined to the left
      anterior descending coronary artery.
AB  - The results of saphenous vein bypass grafting and medical treatment were compared
      in 53 patients with stable angina pectoris, high grade occlusive disease confined
      to the left anterior descending coronary artery and normal or minimally impaired
      left ventricular function. Survival, incidence of myocardial infarction, relief
      of angina and response to exercise testing were evaluated. In the 29 surgically
      treated patients, followed up a mean of 24 months, there were two late deaths (7
      percent) and five myocardial infarctions (17 percent). Twelve patients (41
      percent) were free of angina and the majority had increased exercise performance
      when tested up to 18 months postoperatively. In the 24 medically treated
      patients, there were no deaths and one myocardial infarction (4 percent) in a
      mean follow-up period of 37 months. Six patients (25 percent) were free of
      angina. Less improvement in exercise performance was observed than in the
      surgically treated group. This subset of patients with isolated left anterior
      descending coronary artery disease has a favorable prognosis that is not enhanced
      by bypass grafting. Surgical treatment is more effective than medical treatment
      in relieving angina and improving exercise performance in the early years after
      coronary arteriography.

PMID- 1079399
TI  - Cellular recognition and activation within the lymphoid system.
AB  - The present study is concerned with cellular recognition and activation within
      the lymphoid system. Data presented indicate that in human peripheral blood
      phagocytes recognize and preferentially bind phagocytes, and thymus-derived (T)
      lymphocytes recognize and preferentially bind other T lymphocytes rather than
      thymus-indepedent (B) lymphocytes. Recognition of non-self results in activation
      of lymphoid cells; recent data using a calcium ionophore, A23 187, suggest that
      calcium may act as an intracellular messenger by which signals for cellular
      activation are transmitted from the cell surface to the nucleus.

PMID- 1079400
TI  - Neonatal Haemophilus influenzae infection. Report of eight cases and review of
      the literature.
AB  - Eight cases of neonatal Haemophilus influenzae infection occurred at Colorado
      General Hospital during a 3 1/2-year period. Four of the cases were due to
      nontypable organisms and four to type b organisms. Four were bacteremic, only two
      of which were type b. None of the patients had meningitis. In all instances,
      maternal genital tract cultures yielded H infleuzae that, when tested, was of the
      same serotype as the infant isolate. A survey of cervical cultures among normal
      and pregnant women yielded H influenzae in less than 1%. There are several
      possible reasons for the disparity between the apparent high incidence of
      neonatal infection and low prevalence of maternal carriage.

PMID- 1079401
TI  - Fetal defense mechanisms.

PMID- 1079403
TI  - Bleeding Meckel's diverticulum diagnosed by arteriography and radioisotope
      imaging.

PMID- 1079404
TI  - Hereditary telangiectasia manifested as gastrointestinal bleeding without
      external visible telangiectasia.
AB  - Gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the most common problems confronting the
      physician. In most instances, the source of the bleeding is easily identified,
      e.g., peptic ulcer disease, bleeding esophageal varices or a colonic lesion.
      Recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, however, represents one of the major enigmas
      confronting the practicing physician. The patient experiences intermittent
      episodes of weakness, easy fatigability and anemia with occult blood in the
      stool. Multiple barium radiographic examinations and often endoscopy and
      exploratory laparotomy are unrevealing as to the etiology of the bleeding. We
      have had occasion to investigate three such patients. Multiple evaluations of
      these individuals did not reveal the source of the bleeding until many years
      later--Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease (ROW). At the time of their evaluations these
      patients did not reveal the usual telangiectatic areas present on the skin and
      oral mucous membrane. The diagnosis was suggested by the presence of multiple
      gastric mucosal telangiectasia identified by gastroscopic examination. This
      report emphasizes the need for thorough endoscopic evaluation of patients with
      gastrointestinal bleeding and describes the gastroscopic findings that indicated
      hereditary telangiectasia as the probable source of bleeding from the
      gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1079402
TI  - Frontiers in inflammatory bowel disease. The proceedings of a conference
      sponsored by the McReynolds Foundation. Part 1.

PMID- 1079405
TI  - Prolonged bleeding times with factor IX and XI deficiency von Willebrand's
      syndromes.
AB  - This report describes three patients with a prolonged bleeding time and reduced
      platelet retention on glass beads, two of the three established criteria for
      conventional von Willebrand's disease (vWd). However, the third standard, the
      diminution of factor VIII, was replaced by a decrease of factor IX or XI in the
      first two instances, respectively, and combined factor VII and IX deficiency was
      present in the last patient. These associations suggest that the vW (bleeding
      time/platelet retention) factor is not necessarily homogeneous, may not be
      dependent on a single genetic determinant, and may be present in a molecular
      complex composed not only of factor VIII but of other blood clotting proteins as
      well. Although simulating classic vW, these homologues may more appropriately be
      called von Willebrand syndromes. Finally, unusual as they may be, their clinical
      recognition is important to insure that such patients receive not only factor
      VIII concentrates in treatment since these materials do not contain factors IX
      and XI and may not even be a suitable source of platelet retention factor under
      these modified circumstances.

PMID- 1079406
TI  - Color vision testing in young children: a review.
AB  - It is often recommended that children be screened for possible color vision
      deficiencies as early as possible. This paper examines the validity of
      commercially-available color vision tests when used with young children (age
      three to seven years). It is concluded that with the possible exception of the
      anomaloscope, no test is entirely suited for children, in most cases because the
      test makes cognitive demands beyond the capability of the young child.

PMID- 1079407
TI  - The Titmus Pediatric Color Perception Test as a color vision screener: a
      comparative study.
AB  - The Titmus Pediatric Color Perception Test was compared to three other standard
      tests of color vision (Ishihara, Dvorine, Farnsworth D-15) with a population of
      adults. It is concluded that the results of the Titmus test are consistent with
      those of the other tests if certain specific scoring methods, described in the
      text, are used.

PMID- 1079408
TI  - Abnormal left renal vein. No barrier to Warren shunt.
AB  - The purpose of the distal splenorenal shunt is to provide decompression of
      gastroesophageal varices while avoiding insult to the diseased liver. However,
      the technical difficulty of the operation has prevented widespread application of
      the procedure. It is important, therefore, that the technical problems an hazards
      of the operation continue to undergo analysis. This report has described
      successful establishment of a Warren shunt in three patients with abnormalities
      of the left renal vein. Previous left nephrectomy or an anomaly of the left renal
      vein does not preclude the use of the distal splenorenal shunt in the treatment
      of variceal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1079409
TI  - Fiberoptic endoscopy. Precise definition of upper gastrointestinal disease.
AB  - When properly employed, endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal
      tract with the flexible maneuverable-tip fiberoptic instruments is the most
      accurate method of diagnosing any upper gastrointestinal tract disease. Two
      hundred consecutive endoscopic procedures in the upper gastrointestinal tract
      were performed without significant morbidity or mortality; the results were
      reviewed to ascertain the overall diagnostic value of this modality. Although the
      overall numbers in each subgroup are still small, the experience indicates that:
      (1) thorough endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract can be
      carried out expeditiously in most patients without morbidity; (2) upper
      gastrointestinal tract disease can be precisely defined in the majority of
      patients; and (3) endoscopic examination frequently alters the initial clinical
      diagnosis. The precise cause of upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage can be
      diagnosed in at least three of four cases. Some unnecessary operations can be
      avoided and proper therapy for specific sources of bleeding can be initiated
      promptly.

PMID- 1079410
TI  - Meckel's diverticulum: should it be excised incidentally at operation?
AB  - Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital abnormality of the small
      intestine, occurring in about 2 per cent of the population. Complications of a
      Meckel's diverticulum, including hemorrhage, inflammation, bowel obstruction, and
      neoplasms, occur in 15 to 33 per cent of cases and invariably demand operative
      treatment. When signs or symptoms arise from a Meckel's diverticulum, morbidity
      and mortality are high. Incidental Meckel's diverticulectomy should be performed
      at any age when the morbidity and mortality of the primary procedure will not be
      increased substantially.

PMID- 1079411
TI  - Pancreatic pseudocyst with hemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract through the
      duct of Wirsung.
AB  - A case of massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is presented in which a
      pancreatic pseudocyst eroded into the splenic artery resulting in intracystic
      hemorrhage through the duct of Wirsung. Total excision of the pseudocyst, spleen,
      and tail of the pancreas is recommended.

PMID- 1079412
TI  - Treatment of Eales' disease with photocoagulation.
AB  - 224 eyes with Eales' disease were subjected to photocoagulation. In 205 (=91%)
      the disease could be brought to a morphological standstill over a mean
      observation time of 5 years after completion of treatment. Visual acuity remained
      unchanged or improved in 185 eyes (=87%). Postcoagulative macular puckering
      occured in 6 eyes (=3%).

PMID- 1079413
TI  - Ultrastructural changes of the capillaries of the cat iris in experimental
      neuroparalytic keratitis.
AB  - In order to study the morphological basis of the increased permeability of the
      capillaries of the iris in neuroparalytic keratitis the ophthalmic division of
      the trigeminal nerve in the cat was denervated using a stereotactic method. The
      homolateral iris was studied by electron microscopy three days after denervation.
      Abnormally large pinocytotic vacuoles were observed in the endothelial cells of
      the iris capillaries and the intercellular junctions of the endothelial cells
      showed widened inter-cellular space and macula occludens. These ultrastructural
      changes may explain the protein leakage into the anterior chamber in
      neuroparalytic keratitis.

PMID- 1079414
TI  - [Objective determination of accommodation in eyes with permanent central scotoma
      due to amblyopia (author's transl)].
AB  - Objective determination of accommodation in 38 children with permanent central
      scotoma due to amblyopia on one side (with central and eccentric fixation)
      revealed: 1. The physiological adaptation of refraction for far and near
      distances did not serve its purpose. 2. There was either no or an irregular
      response on hyperopia, which was produced by placing concave lenses in front of
      the eye while fixing a far object, or on myopia produced by placing convex lenses
      in front of the eye while fixing a near object. 3. On hindering clear vision
      which could not be compensated by accommodation there was contrary to normal eyes
      no reactive change of refraction at all or only a poor one. The accommodation
      behavior in eyes with permanent central scotoma due to amblyopia does not differ
      from that in eyes with permanent central scotoma due to organic lesions when
      using the same test methods.

PMID- 1079415
TI  - The influence of moistening fluids on the measuring results of applanations
      tonometry (author's transl).
AB  - The applanation tonometry is influenced by several factors not considered by the
      law of Imbert-Fick. For instance, a change in the conditions of moistening the
      cornea may falsify the result of measuring. This has been proved clinically and
      experimentally with Polyvinylpyrrolidon. The fault in measuring is larger with
      applanation tonometers producing variable applanation areas along with constant
      pressure than with those flattening small invariable corneal area. Aside of the
      difficulty of exact measurement of the applanation areas the latter tonometers
      are superior to the former ones because of this reason, too.

PMID- 1079416
TI  - [The influence of the eye prominence on the EOG potential level (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The influence of globe prominence on the electro-oculogram potential level was
      measured in patients with unilateral protrusio bulbi, myopia or hyperopia. The
      EOG potential level on the side with the more prominent globe was lower if the
      prominence was due to protrusion. If the prominence was due to myopia, the EOG
      potential was higher compared to the contralateral non-myopic eye. In hyperopic
      eyes the potential level was lower.

PMID- 1079417
TI  - Fluorescein in the human optic disc,.
AB  - 1. Compressing the globe to intraocular pressure values even higher than the
      systolic ophthalmica pressure does not totally empty the capillaries of the disc.
      2. Almost only the plasma layer at the wall of the retinal and papillary vessels
      is the source of vessel fluorescence seen after intravenous fluorescein
      injection. Therefore small vessels fluoresce almost as much as big ones and
      extravasates appear as very brilliant patches. 3. Fluorescein diffuses into the
      disc tissue mostly from the surrounding tissues (uvea, ev. sclera). 4. The blood
      circulation in the disc diminishes more than that of the retinal vessels if the
      eye is compressed, 5. Fluorescein is not especially appropriate for the
      measurement of the circulation in the disc.

PMID- 1079418
TI  - Retinal pigment epithelial degeneration, partial retinal atrophy and macular hole
      in acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - A seven year old child with acute lymphocytic leukemia presented at autopsy with
      a macular hole, and degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium and its
      overlying photoreceptors. She had been treated with cobalt 60, methotrexate,
      vincristine cyclophosphamide and prednisone. A review of the literature of
      similar findings as well as pigment epithelial degenerations from other causes is
      presented.

PMID- 1079419
TI  - The significance of tears' lactate dehydrogenase in health, and external eye
      diseases.
AB  - The normal values of the lactate dehydrogenase contents of tears in the presence
      of pyruvate and lactate as substrates were determined. The quotients of the LDH
      values measured in the presence of the two different substrates, and also the
      ratio of the subunits (H and M) of the isoenzymes, differ from the corresponding
      data of blood serum. In the event of external inflammatory diseases of the eye,
      LDHp/LDHl decreases in the tears; this deviation is enhanced by treatment with
      drugs inhibiting protein synthesis, primarily iododeoxyuridine. Conversely, in
      trachoma the ratio of the LDH isoenzymes containing mainly M (muscle) subunits
      are increasing. In diabetes mellitus the shift of metabolism toward the citrate
      cycle is reflected to a larger extent by the LDH values in the blood serum than
      by those in tears.

PMID- 1079420
TI  - [The influence of riboflavin on vitreous homogenate (author's transl)].
AB  - Sunlight causes a decrease of viscosity of a mixture of riboflavin and ox
      vitreous homogenate while without riboflavin no reaction can be observed. The
      mechanism of this reaction is not yet clarified. It is possible that the reaction
      is closely related with the degradation of the viscosity of a hyaluronic acid
      solution by ascorbic acid cause of the production of H2O2 in both reactions. As
      an other mechanism the transfer of light energy on hyaluronic acid by riboflavin
      can be assumed.

PMID- 1079421
TI  - [The diagnosis of pseudotumours of the macula by means of ultrasonography
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The echograms of 35 patients affected with pseudotumours of the macula were
      analysed in detail. Pseudotumours and malignant melanomas can be distinguished by
      means of ultrasound with high probability if the minimal prominence of the tumour
      is not lower than 1.1 mm, and with certainty if the minimal prominence is not
      less than 1.5 mm. The echogram of pseudotumours is mainly characterized by its
      extraordinary irregularity.

PMID- 1079422
TI  - Protease inhibitors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
AB  - Quantification of the major plasma protease inhibitors and genetic typing of
      alpha1-antirypsin were done in 107 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
      disease and in 91 control subjects with normal ventilatory function who were
      similar with respect to age, race, and sex. There was a significant increase in
      frequency of the PiZ gene and the Pi MZ phenotype of alpha1-antitrypsin among the
      patients when compared with the control subjects. No evidence for a primary
      deficiency of any other antiprotease was found; however, the mean concentration
      of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor was significantly lower in the patients than the
      control subjects, and moderate deficiency of alpha1-antichymotrypsin was noted in
      a few patients. These data indicate an increased risk of developing chronic
      obstructive pulmonary disease in persons with the Pi MZ phenotype of alpha1
      antirypsin and suggest a possible relationship between these diseases and low
      serum concentrations of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor.

PMID- 1079423
TI  - Gastrointestinal bleeding: treatment with intra-arterial vasopressin.
AB  - Seventeen patients with upper and lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage were treated
      with selective intra-arterial continuous vasopressin infusion. 62.5 per cent of
      variceal and 60 per cent of nonvariceal episodes of hemorrhages were permanently
      controlled by vasopressin. The initial total success rate was 76.5 per cent. No
      major complications occurred. Early success with this technique has encouraged
      its continued use under a controlled setting for indications for its use to be
      evaluated.

PMID- 1079424
TI  - The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on Pneumocystis carinii.

PMID- 1079425
TI  - Experience in the use of dimethyl sulfoxide in the diseases of the supporting
      motor apparatus and general suppurative surgery.

PMID- 1079426
TI  - The role of the thymus in spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis.
AB  - In two models of genetically determined, spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis,
      neonatal thymectomy increases the incidience and severity of disease. The
      simpliest explanation is that the thymus, or thymus-derived cells, normally exert
      a suppressive effect on the autoimmune response to thyroglobulin in addition to
      the helper function that is necessary to initiate the autoimmune reaction.

PMID- 1079427
TI  - Isolation, biochemical characteristics, and biological activity of a circulating
      thymic hormone in the mouse and in the human.

PMID- 1079428
TI  - Thymosin: effects on normal human blood T-cells.

PMID- 1079429
TI  - Activation of T-cells rosettes in immunodeficient patients by thymosin.

PMID- 1079430
TI  - The mitogenic activity of polyadenylic-polyuridyclic acid complexes.
AB  - Polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid complexes (poly A:U) at the 1-5 mu g level, were
      mitogenic for spleen cells when given intravenously to normal Balb or cortisone
      treated mice. Similarly, mitogenicity was evident when poly A:U was added to
      tissue culture fluids containing spleen cells from normal or cortisone-treated
      mice, or bone marrow cells from normal mice. Under these conditions, this
      adjuvant was not mitogenic for thymus cells or mesenteric lymph node cells,
      either in vivo or in vitro.

PMID- 1079431
TI  - Mitogens and T-cell heterogeneity.

PMID- 1079432
TI  - Effect of thymosin on thymocyte proliferation and autoimmunity in NZB mice.

PMID- 1079433
TI  - The role of cortisone-sensitive thymocytes in DNA synthetic responses to antigen.

PMID- 1079434
TI  - In vitro induction of thymus-dreived cell-mediated cytotoxicity to trinitrophenol
      modified syngeneic lymphocyte surface proteins.

PMID- 1079435
TI  - Nature and biological activities of thymus hormones: prospects for the future.

PMID- 1079436
TI  - Identification of theta-bearing T-cells derived from bone marrow cells treated
      with thymic factor.

PMID- 1079437
TI  - T-cell regulation of immune responsiveness.

PMID- 1079439
TI  - Effect of fistulae on endolymphatic hydrops.
AB  - An experiment was performed on 31 guinea pigs to study the effect of fistulae of
      the horizontal canal, superior canal, common crus, and utricle on the course of
      experimentally induced endolymphatic hydrops. The effect of fistulae on
      corresponding parts of normal ears was also studied in an additional 17 animals.
      The results indicated a remarkable consistency of healing of the fistulae in both
      groups of animals. Fistulae had no significant effect on the course of
      endolymphatic hydrops, irrespective of whether the fistulae were made immediately
      before or several months after obliteration of the endolymphatic duct or whether
      a polyethylene strut was introduced into the membranous labyrinth. Once again,
      the functional significance of the endolymphatic sac was clearly apparent, for
      ablation of the sac consistently produced severe hydrops and atrophic changes in
      sensory and neural structures. Assuming that the mechanisms of labyrinth repair
      in the guinea pig are comparable to the higher mammalian ear, it is apparent that
      procedures designed to surgically fistulize the membranous labyrinth are of
      questionable value and are probably not rational therapeutic approaches to the
      management of Meniere's disease.

PMID- 1079438
TI  - Immunologic aspect of tonsils.

PMID- 1079440
TI  - Osteogenesis imperfecta congenita and tarda: a temporal bone report.
AB  - The temporal bone report of an operated case of osteogenesis imperfecta tarda is
      presented. Histological examination confirmed the presence of bilateral fixation
      of the footplate by otosclerosis as the cause of the conductive hearing loss.
      Fragility of bony septae in the mastoid and of the stapedial crura were observed.
      Sensorineural impairment in later years with a reduction in neural elements in
      the cochlea appear related to the extent and activity of the otosclerotic foci.
      Additional temporal bone reports of three cases of osteogenesis imperfecta
      congenita show lack of deposition of the skein-like bone in the endochondral
      layer, sparse bony septae in marrow spaces and deficiency of the perosteal layer.
      The stapedial crura were thin and in two cases both were deformed and fractured.

PMID- 1079441
TI  - Adult medulloblastoma: neurotologic manifestations.

PMID- 1079442
TI  - Electronystagmographic findings in central nervous system disease.
AB  - A helpful central sign on electronystagmography with eyes closed is hyper
      excitability on a caloric test. Another sign is consistent nystagmus in the
      presence of normal calorics. With eyes open, calibration overshoot, gaze
      nystagmus, pendulum tracking, failure of tracking a pendulum were by far the most
      common central abnormality in the experience of the author.

PMID- 1079443
TI  - Letter: Communications: to the editor: re: "Transvestibular, approach to the
      internal auditory canal.".

PMID- 1079444
TI  - Diagnosis of an enteric duplication with pertechnetate 99mTc scanning.
AB  - A case of enteric duplication is reported in which preoperative pertechnetate
      (99m)Tc scanning demonstrated localized uptake in the region of the anatomic
      abnormality. This test is recommended for use in the evaluation of lower
      gastrointestinal bleeding in infants and children.

PMID- 1079445
TI  - Localization of tissue plasminogen activator in relation to morphologic changes
      in human saphenous veins used as coronary artery bypass autografts.
AB  - Employing the histochemical fibrin slide technique, we studied the localization
      of fibrinolytically active sites in relation to morphologic changes in saphenous
      veins used as coronary artery bypass autografts. Of veins from 100 patients
      undergoing surgery for coronary heart disease, 63 samples revealed well
      demarcated intimal fibrinolytic activity. Distinct foci of lysis were present in
      the media and adventitia of all vein samples corresponding to the distribution of
      the vasa vasorum. Graft specimens obtained by autopsy from 13 patients surviving
      from 30 minutes to 13 days revealed considerable intimal damage with loss of
      fibrinolytic activity. Medial fibrinolytic activity disappeared early concomitant
      with disorganization of the medial muscle fibers, followed by necrosis, atrophy
      and fibrous transformation of the muscular structures. Adventitial activity
      disappeared later. One reoperation sample obtained after 8 weeks in situ showed
      moderate proliferative intimal fibrosis without an apparent neo-intima and
      without fibrinolytic activity, and one section showed evidence of valve cusp
      fibrosis, while most of the media had been replaced by fibrous tissue. Numerous
      foci of "medial" -adventitial fibrinolytic activity indicated presence of
      vascular structures in the venous wall. The fibrin slide technique is a
      convenient tool for studying the process of revascularization.

PMID- 1079446
TI  - Current management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Over a four-year period, 585 patients were hospitalized for massive upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy diagnosed the cause of bleeding in 80% of
      200 patients so studied. Selective angiography localized the bleeding site in 12
      of 20 patients, and infusion of vasopressor stopped hemorrhage in six. Barium
      studies was 90% accurate in diagnosing ulcer disease but failed to detect
      gastritis. One hundred thirty (22%) patients were operated upon for medically
      uncontrolled bleeding. The proportion of patients requiring surgery fell from 33%
      in year one to 13% in year four. Benign ulcer disease caused bleeding in 51% of
      surgical patients, while gastritis was found in 20%, esophageal varices in 15%
      and stress ulcer in 8%. Overall operative mortality was 29%. Among 38 duodenal
      ulcer patients, mortality was 18%. Vagotomy and pyloroplasty were more effective
      than resection in this group. Resection for distal gastric ulcers in 22 patients
      resulted in a mortality of 14% and no rebleeding. While V&P controlled bleeding
      in 12 alcoholics with gastritis, five (42%) died postoperatively. Mortality among
      20 patients with esophageal varices was 35%, although all five survived who had
      porto-caval shunts. Eight of 10 patients operated upon for stress ulcer bleeding
      died. Postoperative rebleeding occurred in 14 patients, eight of whom were again
      operated upon. In all but one a new lesion was found to be responsible for
      hemorrhage. Increasing use of gastroscopy and selective angiography can be
      expected to improve diagnostic capabilities in patients with upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding. Infusing vasopressor into selected arteries should
      reduce the need for surgical control of gastritis, variceal and stress ulcer
      bleeding, conditions poorly managed by current operative techniques.

PMID- 1079447
TI  - Giant horseshoe intra-abdominal abscess.
AB  - A study of 12 patients with giant horseshoe abscess of the abdominal and pelvic
      cavities seen at the Surgical Services of the University of Cincinnati Medical
      Center has emphasized the complexity and bizarre nature of these lesions. These
      infections represented a huge abscess or series of communicating abscesses
      extending from one subphrenic space along the corresponding paracolic gutter into
      the pelvis, up and along the opposite paracolic space, and into the other
      subphrenic space. Since these lesions occurred infrequently, they were often not
      recognized until they had become far advanced and had produced profound effects
      on the patients. The diagnosis was difficult and obscured by various factors
      including the postoperative state after laparotomy for complex diseases or
      serious injuries of the biliary tract, the genitourinary tract, or the alimentary
      tract. An important etiologic component of the formation of these giant abscesses
      was the continuing escape and collection of large volumes of fluid resulting from
      lesions of the biliary tract, postoperative hemorrhage, or an unrecognized large
      perforated peptic ulcer. Nine patients were treated successfully and 3 died. The
      many diagnostic and therapeutic problems presented by the patients with this
      interesting and complex lesion have emphasized the importance of earlier and more
      accurate diagnosis, early and adequate surgical drainage, intelligently applied
      antibiotic therapy and appropriate supportive treatment. Failure to recognize and
      drain effectively each of the component sections of this lesion led to continuing
      sepsis with prolonged morbidity, progressive debility, and death.

PMID- 1079448
TI  - Membrane vs bubble oxygenator: clinical comparison.
AB  - Numerous studies have demonstrated the superiority of membrane oxygenators (MO)
      over the bubble oxygenators (BO) when used for prolonged cardiopulmonary support.
      However, there is little information available evaluating the MO for routine,
      short-term cardiopulmonary bypass. In this study the 5MO314 Modulung-Teflo (MO)
      was compared to 5M30314 Miniprime Variflo (BO). The data of 91 patients (46 MO
      and 45 BO) were analyzed according to the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass
      (Group I less than 60 min., Group II 60-90 min. and Group III greater than 90
      min.). Hemodynamic parameters, fluid and blood balance, as well as hematologic
      and blood gas studies were used for comparing the two oxygentors. The hemodynamic
      parameters were better, and the arterial blood gases were more physilogic with
      the MO. The postoperative blood loss was significantly less when using the MO.
      The other measurements documented the stability of the MO. All statements were
      based on statistical analysis with a DEC PDP-9 computer, using the MIIS language
      and operating system. Consequently, we are now using this MO for routine
      cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 1079449
TI  - The surgical treatment of unstable angina pectoris.
AB  - Since the advent of saphenous vein bypass grafting as successful means of
      myocardial revascularization, a variety of coronary artery disease syndrome have
      come under surgical attack. The proper role of surgery in many of these coronary
      syndromes remains ill-defined. However, clear indications for surgical
      revascularization exist in patients with unstable angina pectoris, i.e.,
      progressive angina and onset of rest pain and noctural angina in spite of
      adequate medical therapy. An analysis has been made of 100 consecutive patients
      with unstable angina pectoris who underwent myocardial revascularization over the
      past 2 years at the Woodruff Medical Center of Emory University. Included in this
      group are the following subgroups: 1) Emergency cases with pre-infarction angina
      (including Printzmetal angina); 2) Cases of combined valvular heart disease and
      coronary artery disease; and 3) Advanced coronary artery disease with certain
      complications of previous myocardial infarction. A discussion of the relative
      merits of saphenous vein grafts and internal mammary artery anastomoses is
      presented and indicates that the technique selected should be determined by the
      quality of the distal native coronary circulation. Surgical mortality and
      morbidity figures, patency rates of saphenous vein grafts and internal mammary
      artery anastomoses visualized postoperatively, and the number of patients wiht
      dramatic relief of angina pectoris in this series support current enthusiasms for
      available surgical techniques for myocardial revascularization.

PMID- 1079450
TI  - Conventional splenorenal shunts. A reconsideration.
AB  - From 1961 to 1971, 73 central splenorenal and 66 portacaval shunts were done for
      cirrhotic patients who had bled from esophageal varices. Comparative analysis
      revealed low (3% and 2%, respectively) operative mortality for elective
      operations, equal (93%) effectiveness in control of variceal bleeding, but
      substantial diferences in the incidence of postshunt encephalopathy. For patients
      who had mimal hepatic dysfunction before operation, disabling disorders in
      mentation developed in 5% of patients who had splenorenal shunts, in contrast to
      50% of patients who had portacaval shunts. Survival rates after the two shunts
      were nearly identical. Thus, the advantages of splenorenal shunts concern the
      quality of life but not the length of survival. These observations are considered
      in relation to available therapeutic alternatives.

PMID- 1079451
TI  - Occult gastrointestinal bleeding. An evaluation of available diagnostic methods.
AB  - Occult gastrointestinal bleeding was defined as continued bleeding in spite of a
      normal series of roentgenorgrams of the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract,
      barium enema, and sigmoidoscopy. Twenty-six such patients were treated. A
      thorough systematic evaluation, including gastroscopy, colonoscopy, visceral
      angiography, and isotopic scanning, was done preoperatively. Using colonoscopy
      and arteriography, nearly 60% of the bleeding sites were identified. Seventy-six
      percent of the lesions identified were in the terminal part of the ileum or the
      ascending colon. Exploratory laparotomy should be performed for life-threatening
      hemorrhage or as a diagnostic test only after a thorough preoperative evaluation.
      If results of a complete preoperative evaluation including arteriography were
      normal, then the likelihood of finding a discrete cause of bleeding at laparotomy
      was high (80%). A systematic evaluation and diligence of both physcian and
      patient in localizing the site of bleeding are essential.

PMID- 1079452
TI  - [Changes in primary kidney epithelium following exposure to a thermal factor].

PMID- 1079453
TI  - Adenotonsillectomy in a Jehovah's Witness with blood dyscrasia.
AB  - A case is used to illustrate a method of management of three unusual problems all
      simultaneously appearing in the same patient. Urgent surgical intervention was
      necessary for a child with a bleeding disorder, but the parents religious
      doctrine prohibited the use of whole blood or its products. The combined efforts
      of the legal, medical, and allied medical professionals led to a successful
      resolution of the patient's multiple problems.

PMID- 1079454
TI  - [The two-phase occurrence of head-shaking nystagmus (author's transl)].
AB  - The report deals with 22 cases of two-phase head-shaking nystagmus. The results
      can be summarised as follows: 1. The two-phase head-shaking nystagmus is only
      found in connection with peripheral-vestibular disorders and particularly with
      unilateral disorders. It occurs only temporarily in the course of the vestibule
      disorder and may be observable for several months. 2. The head-shaking nystagmus,
      which follows immediately after the head-shaking (first phase), is to be
      considered a deficiency nystagmus. After a short period of latency after the
      disappearance of the first phase, a nystagmus in the opposite direction appears
      (second phase). This is considered to be a recovery nystagmus. 3. In the case of
      unilateral labyrinth lesions, the direction of nystagmus of the second phase of
      two-phase head-shaking nystagmus indicates the side of the lesion. The functions
      of the diseased labyrinth, however, have not been completely destroyed in this
      case. In the case of bilateral lesions, the direction of nystagmus of the second
      phase probably points toward the more heavily damaged side. While it is found
      only rarely, the two-phase head-shaking nystagmus thus permits reliable diagnosis
      and detection of the probable side where a peripheral vestibule disorder is
      located.

PMID- 1079455
TI  - Predictive validities of several clinical color vision tests for aviation signal
      light gun performance.
AB  - Scores on the American Optical Company (AOC) test (1965 edition), Dvorine test,
      Farnsworth Lantern test, Color Threshold Tester, Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test,
      Farnsworth Panel D-15 test, and Schmidt-Haensch Anomaloscope were obtained from
      137 men with color-defective vision and 128 men with normal color vision. The
      validity of each of these tests in predicting scores on the aviation signal light
      gun was assessed by using daytime and nighttime administrations of the light gun
      as the criteria. Two "best sets" of plates from the AOC and Dvorine tests were
      selected by calculating a multiple regression equation in a stepwise manner with
      the nighttime and then the daytime administration of the signal light gun test as
      the criteria. Based on a graphic presentation of the miss and false alarm rates
      for each test at various possible cut scores, suggestions were made regarding the
      use of each test and the selection of optimal pass/fail scores.

PMID- 1079456
TI  - Proceedings: An angiographic investigation of aortocoronary vein grafts.

PMID- 1079457
TI  - Polymorphic stromal dystrophy.

PMID- 1079458
TI  - A comparison of the effects of ouabain and 2-deoxy-D-glucose on the thermodynamic
      variables of the frog skin.
AB  - Previous studies support the validity of a linear thermodynamic formalism
      relating the rates of active Na-+ transport and oxygen consumption Jr to the
      electrical potential difference delta-psi and the affinity A (negative free
      energy) of the metabolic driving reaction. The formulation was further tested in
      paired control and experimental hemiskins by the use of two inhibitors of Na-+
      transport. Ouabain, a specific inhibitor of the Na-+ pump, might be expected to
      diminish the dependence of Jr on delta-psi without affecting A, whereas 2-deoxy-D
      glucose, a competitive inhibitor of glucose metabolism should be expected to
      diminish A. Both inhibitors were used at concentrations adequate to depress Na-+
      transport (i.e. short-circuit current Io) to some 50% of control level.
      Measurements were made of Io and dJr/d(delat-psi), and the apparent value of the
      affinity Aapp was calculated according to the thermodynamic formulation. Ouabain
      depressed minus dJr/d(delta-psi) without affecting Aapp whereas 2-deoxy-D-glucose
      depressed Aapp without affecting minus dJr/d(delta-psi). The demonstration of
      these effects indicated the utility of the formalism.

PMID- 1079459
TI  - [Migration and interaction of T- and B-lymphocytes of mice with different
      genotypes].

PMID- 1079460
TI  - [Lymphocyte in chronic lymphatic leukemia].
AB  - In patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) the majority of peripheral
      blood lymphocytes was characterized as B cells by surface membrane markers.
      Ultrastructural studies revealed a reduction of the cytoplasmic area.
      Furthermore, the number of lysosomes was diminished corresponding to a decreased
      activity of lysosomal hydrolases. Increasing blood lymphocytosis was paralleled
      by an increase of the percentage of lysosome-poor lymphocytes. Response of CLL
      lymphocytes to in vitro stimulation with PHA and PWM was either lacking or
      diminished and/or delayed, and the number of transformed cells was reduced. Thus,
      the majority of CLL lymphocytes appears to represent both morphologically and
      functionally abnormal neoplastic b cells. During the early and later phase of
      stimulation the mitogen-reactive CLL lymphocytes exhibited alterations of the
      lysosomal apparatus similar to those observed in normal cells. The reactive
      lymphocytes may be derived from residual populations of normally functioning T
      and/or B cells. However, the neoplastic cells may also be able to respond to the
      mitogens. In vivo studies showed impaired kinetics of circulation and
      recirculation of CLL B lymphocytes, whereas the T cells were normal in this
      respect.

PMID- 1079461
TI  - A study of 137 cases of renal trauma.
AB  - Renal injuries are rarely a threat to life and all patients should have an
      intravenous urogram performed at the time of admission. Patients with a normal
      urogram may be mobilised for early discharge. Patients with minor abnormalities
      of the urogram, but in whom all the collecting system is visible, rarely caused
      any difficulties in management. Should the haematuria persist beyond a week, then
      arteriography should be performed. The arteriogram sometimes shows the presence
      of major cortical lacerations with minor abnormalities of the intravenous
      urogram. If the initial urogram fails to opacify the injured kidney, immediate
      arteriography is required to exclude a vascular injury. We also believe that
      early arteriography is advisable in those patients where part of the kidney
      appears to be non-functioning as it is in this group of patients that operation
      may become necessary. The indications for renal arteriography are summarised in
      Table II.

PMID- 1079462
TI  - Editorial: Non-invasive investigations of the brain.

PMID- 1079463
TI  - Editorial: Colour disturbance as a symptom.

PMID- 1079464
TI  - Letter: Reactions to practolol.

PMID- 1079465
TI  - Editorial: HL-A antigens and rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1079466
TI  - Letter: Haemophilus influenzae cellulitis.

PMID- 1079467
TI  - Editorial: Classification of lymphomata.

PMID- 1079468
TI  - Responses of spinal neurons to iontophoretically applied prostaglandin E1 in the
      frog.
AB  - Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) has been tested by microiontophoresis on interneurons and
      motoneurons in the isolated spinal cord of the frog. PGE1 action was almost
      exclusively excitatory, regardless of the cell type and the test condition used.
      In general, the excitatory response had rapid onset and termination, and was
      susceptible to tachyphylaxis. Responsive interneurons were scattered throughout
      the tissue, and the incidence of responses showed no obvious relation to the mono
      vs. polysynaptic connection of cells to primary afferents and descending fibers
      of the lateral funiculus. PGE1-sensitive interneurons were encountered more often
      in preparations from summer than from winter animals. These findings, coupled
      with the demonstration of prostaglandin biosynthesis and catabolism in the
      tissue, suggest that PGE1 plays a role in the normal function of spinal neurons.
      The intimate mechanism of PGE1 action remains to be elucidated.

PMID- 1079469
TI  - Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
AB  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (PCP) is fatal in 90 to 100% of the cases if no
      treatment is given. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) was used at one of
      two dosage levels in the treatment of 20 children with PCP and cancer. Of 14
      patients treated with 20 mg TMP--100 mg SMX/kgd, 12 recovered and 2 died.
      Treatment of the fatal cases and one of the patients who recovered was
      supplemented with pentamidine. When six patients were treated with 4 to 7 mg TMP-
      20 to 35 mg SMX/kgd, four recovered and two died. Both fatal cases and one of the
      patients who recovered were also treated with pentamidine. There was no
      significant adverse effects from TMP-SMX.

PMID- 1079470
TI  - Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: A reappraisal.

PMID- 1079471
TI  - Immunologic parameters of children with urinary tract infection: effects of
      trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
AB  - In order to determine whether a deficiency in immunologic response predisposes
      certain children to recurrent infections of the urinary tract, four groups of
      children were investigated: a control group; children with extraurinary
      infections; children with urinary tract infections; and a group of children
      treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). In none of the groups were
      there changes in humoral immunoglobulins, peripheral neutrophil counts, serum
      complement concentrations or urinary excretion of IgG, IgA, or IgM that might
      might predispose to infection. However, children with urinary tract infections
      were more likely to belong to blood group A (66.6%; expected frequency, 45%) and
      had a blunted thymidine uptake of their stimulated lymphocytes (RLB) when
      compared with children with extraurinary infection. As well, their nitroblue
      tetrazolium reduction (NBT) was significantly lowered and this paralleled their
      RLB response. We postulated a shared antigenic feature of either their renal
      urinary tissue or bacterial antigen with blood group A antigen; this prevents the
      mounting of an effective immunologic defence. If TMP-SMX further depresses the
      lymphocyte response, it may be considered contraindicated in urinary tract
      infection. In 11 children treated with this drug we found no significant
      difference between their RLB and NBT responses and those of children with
      infections of the urinary system treated with other drugs. We conclude that TMP
      SMX does not alter the immune responses in children.

PMID- 1079472
TI  - Quantitation of T- and B-lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients with solid
      tumours. I. Relation to other parameters of in vivo and in vitro immune
      competence.
AB  - The absolute number of T- and B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was measured
      in 22 patients with disseminated nonlymphoid solid malignant tumours. Patients
      with normal absolute lymphocyte counts had normal absolute numbers of T- and B
      lymphocytes; patients with low counts had low numbers. The percentage of T- and B
      lymphocytes was similar, in both groups of patients, to that of healthy control
      subjects. Patients with a normal absolute lymphocyte count had better in vitro
      lymphocyte responses to mitogenic agents than did patients with low absolute
      lymphocyte counts. Improvement of depressed in vitro lymphocyte responses to
      normal on culture of cells in AB plasma was most likely in patients with normal
      absolute lymphocyte counts. The absolute lymphocyte count by itself, then,
      provides useful information about the immune status of patients with solid
      malignant tumours.

PMID- 1079473
TI  - A rapid and specific radioimmunoassay for methotrexate.
AB  - A sensitive and precise radioimmunoassay for methotrexate has been developed
      using antibody induced in rabbits, tritium-labeled methotrexate, and a
      nitrocellulose membrane separation technique. Antibody specificity was
      characterized by comparing the effectiveness of various related compounds to
      displace labeled methotrexate from the antibody-binding site. Assay of serum
      samples from persons receiving the drug was rapid and easy to perform. In a
      pharmacokinetic study of methotrexate, corresponding results were obtained when
      measurements were made by either enzymic assay or by radioimmunoassay. Drug
      concentrations could also be monitored in the cerebrospinal fluid and urine of
      patients on high-dose methotrexate therapy followed by citrovorum factor rescue.
      The system measured a little as 0.1 to 1 pmole of methotrexate, depending upon
      the antiserum used, and naturally occurring folates did not interfere with these
      determinations.

PMID- 1079474
TI  - Adducts between the carcinogen 2-acetamidophenanthrene and adenine and guanine of
      DNA.
AB  - The sulfate and acetate esters of the carcinogen N-hydroxy-2
      acetamidophenanthrene attack calf thymus DNA in vitro to yield adducts of 2
      acetamidophenanthrene with guanine and adenine in the DNA. These adducts were
      found to be 8-(N-2-phenanthrylacetamido)deoxyguanosine and N6-1-(2
      acetamidophenanthryl)deoxyadenosine, respectively. These reactions, and the
      already known reactions of esters of N-hydroxy-2-acetamidofluorene, together with
      Huckel molecular orbital calculations, suggest that the relative tendencies of a
      series of N-aryl-N-acetylnitrenium ions to react with adenine and guanine may be
      predicted.

PMID- 1079475
TI  - Two approaches that increase the activity of analogs of adenine nucleosides in
      animal cells.
AB  - Deamination of many analogs of adenine nucleosides results in the loss of their
      chemotherapeutic efficacy. Two approaches have been used in this study to
      overcome this problem. First, some adenine nucleotides, which are resistant to
      mammalian adenosine deaminase, are more toxic to animal cells than are the
      respective nucleosides. For toxic to animal cells than are the respective
      nucleosides. For example, 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine 5'-phosphate, a
      molecule that penetrates the cell without degradation, has a more sustained
      toxicity against mouse fibroblasts (L-cells) than does 9-beta-D
      arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A). Furthermore, L-cells treated with 2',3'
      dideoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate are extensively killed after 48 hr, whereas 2',3'
      dideoxyadenosine is almost nontoxic to L-cells. Specific inhibition of adenosine
      deaminase by nontoxic concentrations of erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine
      greatly potentiates the biological activity of both ara-A and 3'-deoxyadenosine
      (cordycepin). Simultaneous administration of cytostatic concentrations of ara-A
      and the inhibitor of adenosine deaminase to L-cells killed greater than 99.9
      percent of cells in 36 hr. A similar concentration of ara-A plus the deaminase
      inhibitor also markedly extended the mean survival of mice bearing Ehrlich
      ascites carcinoma as compared to ara-A alone. A cytostatic concentration of
      cordycepin 1 x 10-4 M), administered in the presence of deaminase inhibitor,
      killed greater than 99.9 percent of cultured L-cells in only 8 hr. During the
      latter incubation, accumulation of uridine in acid-insoluble material reached a
      maximum after 30 min, and incorporation of thymidine into acid-insoluble material
      was almost totally arrested after 2 hr.

PMID- 1079476
TI  - [Vegetative reactivity and vigilance level under the influence of constant direct
      current of a low intensity magnetic field].

PMID- 1079477
TI  - [Treatment of retention-type micturition disorders by external electric
      stimulation].

PMID- 1079478
TI  - [Surgical comments on postvagotomy disorders].

PMID- 1079479
TI  - [Hemobilia].

PMID- 1079480
TI  - [Peculiarities during a course of tuberculosis in the period of adolescence].

PMID- 1079481
TI  - Anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. An eight year angiographic
      follow-up after saphenous vein bypass graft.
AB  - We have presented a 7-week and 8-year postoperative angiographic follow-up of a
      36-year-old man who had an anomalous left coronary artery arising from the
      pulmonary artery and who had an aortocornary bypass graft to the left anterior
      descending artery. The late study showed 1) a large, well functioning patent
      graft, 2) lack of significant postoperative change in the size of the right
      coronary artery and 3) new collateral vessels between the distal left anterior
      descending and left circumflex coronary arteries and persistence of collateral
      vessels between the distal right and left circulflex coronary arteries. This
      report is the longest known angiographic follow-up of a patient with this anomaly
      who has been treated with bypass surgery.

PMID- 1079482
TI  - Ventricular function before and after direct revascularization surgery. A
      proposal for an index of vascularization to correlate angiographic and
      ventriculographic findings.
AB  - In order to determine the effect of direct bypass surgery on the total coronary
      arterial supply to the heart, a numerical construct was devised to incorporate
      the development of new obstructive lesions and the presence of patent or
      nonpatent grafts. This construct, termed a vascularization index (VI), was used
      to evaluate left ventricular function and anginal symptoms after coronary artery
      bypass surgery in 56 patients. Patients with an increase in local or total
      arterial blood supply (positive delts VI) often had similar directional changes
      in segmental wall motion and ventricular ejection fraction. Patients with a
      decrease in local or total arterial blood supply (negative delta VI), due to
      either nonpatent grafts or progression of atherosclerotic disease, also usually
      had similar directional changes in segmental wall motion and ventricular ejection
      fraction. (Although nearly all patients reported a decrease in anginal symptoms
      after surgery, delta VI could not identify degree of improvement.) Use of an
      integrated approach in describing pre and postoperative myocardial blood supply
      appears to be the most reliable method of explaining changes in left ventricular
      function.

PMID- 1079483
TI  - Myocardial revascularization combined with intracoronary infusion of hyperosmolar
      solution in the early management of postinfarction ventricular septal defect.
      Report of a case.
AB  - A patients is described with postinfarction ventricular septal defect in whom the
      perforation was successfully closed within 24 hours of septal rupture. This
      presents the second such case reported in the literature. Adjunctive measures
      consisting of myocardial revascularization and intracoronary infusion of mannitol
      were thought to be important in the successful outcome of the operative
      procedure. The importance of complete preoperative cardiac catheterization with
      coronary arteriography is stressed. The theoretical role of endothelial and
      myocardial cellular edema as a cause of depressed myocardial function immediately
      following an ischemic insult is proposed as a practical consideration in the high
      mortality associated with this condition. Methods used to prevent or reverse such
      cell swelling are described. The details of the operation in which viable
      ventricle myocardium was used to fill the septal defect are presented.

PMID- 1079484
TI  - Hypotension accompanying the onset of exertional angina. A sign of severe
      compromise of left ventricular blood supply.
AB  - Serious obstructive coronary artery disease was found in all patients who
      developed hypotension accompanying the onset of angina during multistage exercise
      testing. Seventeen exercising patients demonstrated a fall in systolic pressure
      to below resting levels as chest pain and ST-segment depression appeared. Two
      patients died suddenly six weeks after treadmill testing and prior to
      arteriography. The remaining fifteen were studied with coronary arteriography and
      all except one exhibited greater than or equal to 90% stenosis of the left
      anterior descending artery (LAD). The remaining patient demonstrated two 75% LAD
      stenoses in series. Five exhibited significant (greater than or equal 75%)
      narrowing of the main left coronary artery (MLCA) and thirteen of fifteen had
      significant stenosis of proximal LAD and circumflex arteries. The two patients
      without significant circumflex disease exhibited greater than or equal to 90%
      stenosis of the dominant right coronaryartery (RCA) circulation. Six of six
      patients had restoration of a normal blood pressure response following coronary
      bypass surgery, which also relieved angina and reversed ST-segment depression.
      Conditions essential for proper interpretation of this sign are discussed. If
      these conditions are met, then a fall in systolic pressure during treadmill
      induced angina pectoris is a reliable sign of severe compromise of left
      ventricular blood supply.

PMID- 1079485
TI  - Prinzmetal's variant form of angina pectoris. Re-evaluation of mechanisms.
AB  - Thirty-five patients with typical Prinzmetal's variant angina were studied by
      coronary cineangiography. There was no demonstrable stenosis of the major
      coronary arteries in 19 patients. Nine patients with single coronary stenosis
      underwent aortocoronary bypass and had recurrence of the symptoms
      postoperatively. Administration of nifedipine effected complete cessation of the
      symptoms among patients formerly treated medically. Although surgical treatment
      did not effect permanent relief of pain, all patients initially treated
      surgically experienced relief of pain when nifedipine was administered. The
      pathophysiology of variant angina remains obscure. Our results suggest that
      neurohumoral factors exert more of an effect on the myocardial cell than on the
      coronary vessels.

PMID- 1079486
TI  - Regional myocardial blood flow measurements before and after coronary bypass
      surgery. A preliminary report.
AB  - Myocardial blood flow in 16 patients before and after coronary bypass surgery in
      conjunction with coronary angiography, left ventricular function measurement, and
      graded exercise test. Radioactive 133-Xe was injected into the coronary artery or
      bypass graft and the washout was recorded by an Anger camera. Myocardial blood
      flow increased in 11 out of 14 patients and decreased in three patients. The
      average flow was 55 (plus or minus 6) preoperatively and 96 (plus or minus 10) ml
      100 g/min postoperatively. Increase of blood flow occurred in both the bypassed
      left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) region and the nonbypassed left
      circumflex coronary artery (LCIR) region. The postoperative flow increase and the
      absolute postoperative flow values are higher with saphenous vein than with
      mammary artery grafts. Statistically significant correlation is not found between
      myocardial blood flow changes and exerice tolerance. The volume measurements (end
      diastolic volume, stroke volume, ejection fraction) remained unchanged.

PMID- 1079487
TI  - Pulmonary diseases in childhood.

PMID- 1079488
TI  - Evaluation of the different surgical approaches in the treatment of
      syringomyelia.

PMID- 1079489
TI  - [Haemodialysis for renal failure in a case of systemic lupus erythematosus
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Severe acute renal failure developed in a patient with systemic lupus
      erythematosus which was characterized by typical skin rash, polyserositis,
      haemolytic anaemia and liver damage. Serological examination revealed anti-DNA
      antibodies in high concentrations, positive Coombs' test, excessive elevation of
      serum-IgG with markedly depressed serum complement fractions (C3, C4). Acute
      lupus nephritis led to prolonged oliguria and anuria requiring regular dialysis
      over almost five months. Immuno-suppressive treatment with cortisone and
      azathioprine finally reversed the renal failure: BUN returned to 33 mg/  100 ml,
      with a plasma creatinine of 1.8 mg per 100 ml.

PMID- 1079490
TI  - [Immuno-coagulopathies and their dangers in dental-surgical interventions].
AB  - It is reported on three patients with an immunocoagulopathy, the diagnosis of
      which was established on the basis of immunological coagulation studies.  These
      patients were submitted to oral surgery.  In connection with the case histories,
      it is reported on pathogenesis, diagnostics, and special therapeutical
      requirements in cases of hemorrhagic diathesis with a circulating anticoagulant
      antibody.

PMID- 1079491
TI  - Regulation of glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase by hydrocortisone in rat brain
      explants.

PMID- 1079492
TI  - A temperature-sensitive auxotropic variant of Chinese hamster ovary cells.

PMID- 1079493
TI  - The possible role of carnitine and carnitine acetyl-transferase in the
      contracting frog skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1079494
TI  - Interaction of L-DOPA decarboxylase with substrates: a spectrophotometric study.

PMID- 1079495
TI  - [Influence of vestibular and afferent impulses on the spontaneous activity of
      interneurons in the spinal cord of cats].
AB  - Responses of the cat spinal interneurons were studied under electrical
      stimulation of dorsal roots and adequate stimulation of vestibular apparatus. 
      The evoked activity of interneurons in response to electrical stimulation of
      dorsal roots had different forms.  Three types of responses to adequate
      stimulation of vestibular apparatus were observed.  The patterns of convergence
      of afferent and vestibular impulses on the interneurons are discussed.

PMID- 1079496
TI  - CSF scanning in achondroplastic children with cranial enlargement.
AB  - This paper reports on an 18-month-old achondroplastic child with dilated lateral
      ventricles.  Results of a cisternographic investigation were normal.  No shunting
      procedure was carried out, and subsequent clinical progress was satisfactory. 
      Some patho-physiological aspects of achondroplastic dysgenesis are discussed.

PMID- 1079497
TI  - Congenital colour blindness and its detection in children.

PMID- 1079498
TI  - The role of adrenal steroids in the negative feedback control of the amphibian
      adrenal gland.

PMID- 1079499
TI  - [Use of Ferro-Gradumet preparations in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 1079500
TI  - [Topographic anatomical justification for dextrolateral thoracotomy in
      aortocoronary shunt].

PMID- 1079501
TI  - [Editorial: Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1079502
TI  - A variation of the inferior vena cava in man.

PMID- 1079503
TI  - Beta-galactosidase and beta-glucuronidase in differentiating Paneth cells in the
      white rat.

PMID- 1079504
TI  - Variation of origin and course of the abdominal portion of the thoracic duct in
      man.

PMID- 1079505
TI  - Extrapulmonary course of the bronchial and bronchoesophageal arteries in the
      domestic pig.

PMID- 1079506
TI  - Blood vessels of the nasal cavity in the rabbit.

PMID- 1079507
TI  - Dimensions of the lumen of the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta under
      normal and pathologic conditions.

PMID- 1079508
TI  - Morphology of the trunk of the portal vein in man in various periods of life.

PMID- 1079509
TI  - Paracortical alteration in lymphadenopathic and tumor-draining lymph nodes:
      histologic study.
AB  - Histologic studies of 142 enlarged lymph nodes from 124 patients, diagnosed
      histologically as nonspecific chronic lymphadenitis or reactive hyperplasia,
      revealed a characteristic nodular alteration in the paracortical area of nodes
      from the axillary, cervical, and inguinal regions, and rarely in abdominal,
      mediastinal, and retroperitoneal groups. In 1389 lymph nodes from 100 radical
      mastectomy specimens similar changes were noted more frequently in the lower than
      in higher levels of the tumor-draining axillary nodes. The nodule was composed of
      small lymphocytes associated with postcapillary venules and histiocytes
      macrophages. The latter varied in distribution from a scattered pattern
      resembling a starry-sky appearance in the initial phase of paracortical
      alteration to the replacement of small lymphocytes in advanced stages. Plasma
      cells and lymphatic sinuses were characteristically absent from this nodular
      alteration. An impressive example of such changes was seen in four cases of
      dermatopathic lymphadenitis. Studies of the paracortical area may provide new
      insight into the pathogenesis of some lymphadenopathies.

PMID- 1079510
TI  - Tolerance induction in TxXBT and TxXB mice.
AB  - Adult normal mice and those mice which had been thymectomized, X-irradiated, and
      reconstituted either with bone marrow cells and thymus cells (TxXBT) or with bone
      marrow cells along (TxXB), were given varying amounts (0.1-5 mg) of deaggregated
      soluble bovine serum albumin (sBSA). They were challenged 10 days later with an
      immunogenic form of BSA. TxXB mice were supplemented with normal thymus cells 3
      days before the challenge. With any dose of sBSA, TxXBT and normal mice were made
      tolerant. Only 5 mg of sBSA, the highest dose in these experiments, was effective
      in inducing the tolerance in TxXB mice. The simultaneous administration of 5 mg
      of sBSA and 0.1 mg of alumprecipitated BSA plus 0.01 mg of endotoxin resulted in
      the priming in TxXBT mice but induced tolerance in TxXB mice. These results
      indicate that: (a) B-cell tolerance could be induced independently of the
      influence of T cells; (b) the tolerogen susceptibility of B cells may be lower
      than that of T cells; (c) such a weakly immunogenic agent as the mixture of
      tolerogen and immunogen could either activate the antibody response in the
      presence of T cells or induce B-cell tolerance in the absence of T cells.

PMID- 1079511
TI  - Limiting dilution analysis of helper T-cell function.
AB  - Limiting dilution analysis has been applied to the study of T-cell 'helper'
      function in vitro. Using the microculture system one can estimate the numbers of
      (a) 'helper' T cells involved in specific collaboration with B cells and (b)
      those T cells which are able, on being activated by their specific antigen, to
      facilitate the response of B cells to another antigen. Such studies have enabled
      us to demonstrate that: (1) a single 'helper' T cell was able to activate a
      single B-cell precursor to detectable antibody production; (2) the 'helper'
      function of primed T cells was radio-resistant; (3) a minimal estimate of
      'helper' frequencies could be obtained in defined cell populations; (4)
      nonspecific facilitation was directed towards virtually all available B cells of
      a given specificity if these were challenged with their appropriate particulate
      antigen; (5) the microculture system offers the opportunity to determine whether
      specific and non-specific T-cell 'helper' effects are a consequence of the
      activity of one T-cell type or of differenct subpopulations of T cells.

PMID- 1079512
TI  - Intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus: Experiments on interaction
      between vitamin D and adrenocortical hormone.

PMID- 1079513
TI  - A sociological study of drug default in childhood tuberculosis.

PMID- 1079514
TI  - An investigation of the characteristics of a negative pion beam by means of
      induced chromosome aberration in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - The depth dose profiles of unstable chromosome aberrations were determined by
      irradiating blood samples at various depths in a plastic phantom exposed to a
      beam of negative pi mesons (pions). The pions were derived from an experimental
      beam line from the Nimrod 7 GeV proton synchrotron. With a momentum of 160 MeV/c
      and a spread of 15 per cent a Bragg profile was produced peaking at 13-9 cm. An
      ionization peak to plateau ratio of 1-6 was obtained and for cytogenetic damage
      this was increased to 2-9. Dicentric and acentric dose-response data from peak
      and plateau positions were fitted to Y=alphaD+betaD-2 models for comparison with
      data obtained from 60-Co gamma-rays and fission neutrons. With respect to 150
      rads gamma-radiation, the r.b.e. values for the pion peak were 2-1 for dicentrics
      and 2-3 for acentrics. In the plateau the value for both aberrations was 1-5. At
      pion doses likely to be used as daily radiotherapy fractions, the aberrations
      predominantly resulted from single-track events, indicating little likelihood of
      interfraction recovery, particularly in the peak position. It is concluded that
      the biological damage characteristics of pion beams, as determined from a
      cytogenetic end-point, offer several features attractive to the radiotherapist.

PMID- 1079515
TI  - Inhibitory effect of U.V. -irradiation on the formation of twisted circular
      lambda DNA.
AB  - Ultra-violet irradiation of lambda phage results in an inhibition of conversion
      of lambda DNA in host cells from the initial linear form to twisted circular
      form. The formation of open circular lambda DNA in vitro (formation of Hershey's
      circle) was quite resistant to the irradiation. The occurrence of denaturation of
      ultraviolet irradiation was detected in lambda DNA.

PMID- 1079516
TI  - Maximum r.b.e. of fission neutrons for induction of somatic mutations in maize.
AB  - This investigation was conducted to determine the maximum r.b.e. of fission
      neutrons for the induction of yellow-green sectors in maize. Seeds heterozygous
      for the yg2 locus were adjusted to 13 per cent water content, irradiated with
      varying doses for eitherfission neutrons or 60Co gamma-radiation, and soaked for
      2 hours in nitrogen-bubbled water at ambient temperature before planting.
      Frequency of yg2 sectors, as scored in leaves 4 and 5, increase linearly for both
      radiations. The r.b.e. values were greater than1100 at 0.40 sectors per leaf 4
      and greater than 600 at 0.20 sectors per leaf 5; however, at these low
      frequencies, the standard errors were  3 times greater than the r.b.e. At 6.0
      sectors per leaf 4, the r.b.e. values were 111 plus or minus 9; and at 3.0sectors
      per leaf 5, 118 plus or minus 21. As measured by sectors per krad, mutagenic
      efficiency increased with increased dose of gamma-radiation; the opposite was
      true for fission neutrons. This trend was more evident for leaf 4 than for leaf
      5.

PMID- 1079517
TI  - Letter: Cytogenetic studies in rats fed irradiated wheat.

PMID- 1079518
TI  - Letter: Chemical protection of cultured mammalian cells against fast neutrons.

PMID- 1079519
TI  - Letter: The survival of cultured Harding-Passey melanoma cells after irradiation
      with x-rays or cyclotron neutrons.

PMID- 1079520
TI  - Vasopressin and hepatic artery.  Effect of selective celiac infusion of
      vasopressin on the hepatic artery flow.
AB  - Electromagnetic flow measurement study was performed in 20 anesthetized dogs to
      evaluate the effect of selective celiac infusion of vasopressin on the hepatic
      arterial vasculature.  Teh hepatic arterial flow showed a biphasic response with
      an initial decrease followed by a substantial increase in spite of a continued
      infusion.  The left gastric, splenic, and superior mesentric arteries showed a
      monophasic response with persistent decrease of flow during the whole infusion. 
      The biphasic response of the hepatic arterial flow is thought to be due to
      autoregulatory dilative action of the liver to a decrease of the portal flow. 
      The results and previous clinical experience suggest that the selective infusions
      of vasopressin into arteries supplying the liver can be used for short-term
      vasoconstrictive therapy of acute gastrointestinal bleeding in patients without
      liver damage.  Further experience is necessary to evaluate the safety of
      prolonged hepatic infusions in patients with liver damage.

PMID- 1079521
TI  - Experimental catheter obstruction of the gastric coronary vein.  Possible
      technique for percutaneous intravascular tamponade of the gastroesophageal
      varices.
AB  - Experimental catheter obstruction of the left gastric (coronary) vein was
      explored in 10 dogs.  Using a transjugular approach, the liver was punctured and
      the portal vein catheterized.  Coaxially introduced catheters were then used to
      catheterize selectively and produce an intravascular obstruction (tamponade) of
      the gastric coronary vein.  Ballon catheters were used for a temporary occlusion.
      Injection of a tissue adhesive, isobutyl 2-cyanoacrylate, was used for a
      definitive obliteration.  The achieved results show the anatomical feasibility of
      this approach and give good perspective for development of a clinical method for
      percutaneous intravascular tamponade of the bleeding gastroesophageal varices in
      cirrhotics.

PMID- 1079522
TI  - Comparison of iothalamate meglumine, metrizamide and iodophendylate in cerebral
      ventriculography.  A clinical, radiological and histopathological study in the
      rat.
AB  - Clinical, radiological and histopathological findings following cerebral
      ventriculography in the rat using the water-soluble contrast media iothalamate
      meglumine and metrizamide, and the oil-soluble iodophendylate are reported. 
      Clinically, iothalamate meglumine caused convulsions, while there were no adverse
      reactions to the other media.  Radiologically there was good visualizaiton of the
      ventricles with all media.  Iodophendylate was retained in the ventricles for the
      duration of the experiment (up to 60 days), while the water-soluble media had
      disappeared within 20 minutes.  Histologically there were no pathological changes
      attributable to the water-soluble media.  Iodophendyalte led to enlargement of
      the ventricles, and macrophages containing oil were seen on the ependymal lining.

PMID- 1079523
TI  - The surgeon and upper gastro-intestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1079524
TI  - A symposium on surgery for coronary artery disease. Patient selection and
      preoperative evaluation.
AB  - Patient selection based upon preoperative evaluation is a complex problem. In
      using a procedure with the tremenduous implications and applications seen in
      aortocoronary bypass grafting, excesses in enthusiasm and criticism are the rule
      rather than the exception. With patience and careful evaluation,,the correct
      place for the procedure will be found and, though it is not quite the panacea
      once claimed for patients with coronary artery disease, aortocoronary bypass
      surgery will remain an important and valuable therapeutic tool, perhaps the most
      significant development in cardiovascular treatment of the past decade.

PMID- 1079525
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass-classification and results.
AB  - Technical, physiologic, metabolic, and pathologic factors combine to determine
      the long-term patency of aortocoronary bypass grafts. Numerous variables are
      present in each of these categories, and the results of the operation cannot be
      determined unless comparable groups of patients are studied objectively. The
      classification proposed in this paper takes into account many of the factors that
      can effect graft patency. The available results of direct coronary arterial
      surgery are stated and used as the basis for five-year projections in the context
      of the proposed classification system.

PMID- 1079526
TI  - Gas endarterectomy with distal bypass of the coronary arteries.
AB  - Carbon dioxide gas endarterectomy was first applied in cases of total occlusion
      of the right coronary artery. The early technique involved removal of the disease
      core along the entire length of the vessel. At follow-up, progressive changes
      were observed to cause segmental stenosis within the proximal and middle portions
      of the vessel which led to complete reocclusion of the artery at 36 months. In
      every case, however, the distal branches of the endarterectomized arteries
      appeared unaffected. On the basis of these results, we have modified our
      technique. The present treatment involves distal endarterectomy with
      aortocoronary bypass to the endarterectomized segment. This surgical approach is
      appropriated only in cases of diffuse atherosclerotic involvement of the distal
      arterial branches. It can be applied to any one of the three main coronary artery
      branches and has therefore broadened the range of patient selection for direct
      myocardial revascularization. The operative mortality in our series of 58
      patients was 6.9 per cent (4 patients), but all deaths were associated with such
      aggravating factors as anerurysm formation, valve disease, and the preoperative
      evolution of myocardial infarction. The associated morbidity rate was 6.8 per
      cent; two patients had disruption of the sternal wound, and one suffered
      uncomplicated myocardial infarction. The fourth patient had a myocardial
      infarction followed by development of conduction defect and required operation
      for the insertion of a permanent transvenous pacemaker. To date, follow-up
      indicates a high patency rate among the surviving 54 patients.

PMID- 1079527
TI  - Low free serum histidine concentration in rheumatoid arthritis. A measure of
      disease activity.
AB  - A study of sera from 285 patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis
      (including 37 patients receiving no anti-inflammatory drugs) and sera from 67
      healthy subjects has confirmed 10 published reports of a statistically
      significant decreased blood histidine concentration in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis. Contrastingly, in sera from 231 patients with a variety of acute and
      chronic illnesses other than rheumatoid arthritis, no statistically significant
      hypohistidinemia was observed either in the group as a whole or in association
      with the administration of aspirin, prednisone, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, or
      dextropropoxyphene. In the patients with rheumatoid arthritis there was a
      statistically significant correlation between the serum histidine concentration
      and the following: Westergren sedimentation rate (r=-0.33, P smaller than 10-
      minus 9), grip strength (r=0.26, P smaller than 10- minus 9), hematocrit (r=0.23,
      P smaller than 10- minus 9), duration of morning stiffness (r=-0.14, P=10- minus
      5), walking time (r=-0.13, P=10- minus 4), latex titer of rheumatoid factor (r=
      0.11, P=0.001), and the duration of arthritis (r=-0.06, P=0.05). There was no
      statistically significant association between the serum histidine concentration
      and the duration of rheumatoid arthritis in the 151 patients with disease of 0-10
      yr duration (r=0.02, P=0.5), the sex of the patient, or the presence of
      antinuclear antibody (R=0.007, P=0.9). The serum histidine concentration was less
      in rheumatoid patients receiving steroids (P=0.00001), gold (P=0.009), and
      aspirin (P=0.15) than in rheumatoid patients not receiving these drugs. This
      study indicates that histidine determinations on properly preserved casual serum
      samples can be helpful in the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis and in the
      evaluation of the activity of the disease.

PMID- 1079528
TI  - Nature of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in Chiang Mai University Hospital.

PMID- 1079529
TI  - Mouse embryo development in vitro: effects of inhibitors of RNA and protein
      synthesis on blastocyst and post-blastocyst embryos.
AB  - The effect of inhibitors of RNA synthesis (Cordycepin, Actinomycin D) and protein
      synthesis (Cycloheximide) on the development and growth of mouse blastocysts in
      vitro was explored. Blastocysts exposed in vitro for 24 hours to 50 mu-g/ml
      Cordycepin, 0.005 mu-g/ml Actinomycin D, or 0.1 mu-g/ml Cycloheximde grew and
      began to attach to the dish in the similar manner as did the controls. Cell
      number, 3-H-thymidine-labeling index and mitotic index in treated blastocysts
      were also similar to controls. Cell number, 3-H-thymidine-labeling index and
      mitotic index in treated blastocysts were also similar to controls. Control
      blastocysts grown in vitro for six days attached to the dish, trophoblastic layer
      was spread and inner cell mass continued to grow and formed an egg-cylinder like
      structure. Blastocysts grown in constant presence of 50 mu-g/ml of Cordycepin in
      themedium or those exposed to inhibitor only for the first 24 hours failed to
      develop inner cell mass derivatives in culture, although the growth of
      trophoblastic cells was as in controls. The same results were obtained if
      blastocysts were exposed to 0.005 mu-g/ml of Actinomycin D or to 0.1 mu-g/ml of
      Cycloheximide either continuously or for the first 24 hours. Higher
      concentrations of Actinomycin D (0.05 mu-g/ml) or Cycloheximde (1 mu-g/ml) were
      toxic for the blastocysts causing their degeneration within 24-48 hours. Our
      results suggested that appropriate concentrations of RNA or protein synthesis
      inhibitors could prevent the development of inner cell mass derivatives with
      essentially no effect on the development of primary trophoblast. This would
      indicate that the process of differentiation of inner cell mass cells is much
      more sensitive to metabolic inhibitors than the differentiation of giant
      trophoblastic cells.

PMID- 1079530
TI  - An experience with problem-oriented nursing notes.

PMID- 1079531
TI  - Hepatotoxicity of rifampicin and isoniazid in children.

PMID- 1079532
TI  - Persistent Clq deficiency in a patient with a systemic lupus erythematosus-like
      syndrome.

PMID- 1079533
TI  - Azulene analogs of pharmacological agents III: acute toxicity and local
      anesthetic activity of azulylamides and azulenecarboxamides.
AB  - This paper describes the acute toxicity of two azulylamides and six
      azulenecarboxamides and the nerve conduction-inhibiting properties of some of
      these compounds. The azulene derivatives are compared to their benzenoid
      prototypes, lidocaine and procainamide, as part of a continuing investigation of
      the biological properties of nonbenzenoid aromatic compounds.

PMID- 1079534
TI  - Mechanical deactivation induced by active shortening in isolated muscle fibres of
      the frog.
AB  - 1. The effect of active shortening on the time course and magnitude of isometric
      tension development during a single twitch and during an incompletely fused
      tetanus was studied at 0-2-1-2 degres C in isolated semitendinosus muscle fibres
      of the frog. 2. Active shortening caused a depression of the contractile force
      without markedly affecting the total duration of the twitch. The depressant
      effect increased with increasing amounts of sarcomere shortening. Sarcomere
      shortenings of 0-05 mum and 0-3 mum reduced the twitch force by approximately 5
      and 20 percent of the maximal tetanic tension, respectively. 3. A given sarcomere
      shortening induced the same absolute amount of depression of the contractile
      strength when the movement was carried out at different times during the initial
      200-250 msec after the stimulus. 4. The influence of load and velocity of
      shortening during the movement phase was studied. Differences in load ranging
      between zero and 1/3 of the maximal tetanic tension (with concomitant changes in
      speed of shortening from Vmax to approximately 1/5 of Vmax) did not affect the
      degree of depression markedly. Underthe conditions studied, the extent of
      movement appeared to be the only significant determinant of the depressant
      effect. 5. The reduction in force induced by active shortening persisted for 800
      900 msec during an incompletely fused tetanus. 6. It is suggested that the
      depressant effect is based on a structural change in the myofilament system that
      is produced as the A and I filaments slide along each other during muscle
      activity.

PMID- 1079535
TI  - Receptive field organization of ganglion cells in the frog retina: contributions
      from cones, green rods and red rods.
AB  - 1. The impulse discharge of ganglion cells was recorded with extracellular micro
      electrodes in the excised and opened eye of the common frog, Rana temporaria. 2.
      When a single unit was isolated, the cell type was first determined according to
      the Maturana, Lettvin, McCulloch & Pitts (1960) classification with the aid of
      varying moving and stationary stimuli. 3. Class 4 cells respond only to a
      decrease of light when cones are stimulated but respond to an increase of light
      when green rods are stimulated. A distinct class of deviating class 4 cells was
      found that give a brief high frequency burst at 'off' from their small excitatory
      receptive fields (ERF); unlike typical class 4 cells they possess a purely
      inhibitory surrounding field (IRF).4. The contributions from the cones and the
      green and red rods were isolated by measuring the thresholds of the discharges
      with on-off stimuli of varying wave-lengths against strong yellow backgrounds, or
      against a very weak background or no background at all. The spatial distribution
      of the contributions to the ERF was determined by mapping threshold profiles, and
      additional information about ERF and IRF was obtained from area-threshold curves.
      5. The cone-mediated ERFs were found to be 0-06-0-50 mm wide (1-5-12 degrees of
      visual field), which agrees well with the sizes of the dendritic trees of the
      ganglion cells. The green rod-mediated ERFs can be 0-5-1-5 mm wide and have less
      distinct boundaries than the cone-mediated. The green rod-mediated ERF of an
      individual ganglion cell is always larger than the cone-mediated ERF of the same
      cell. The red rod-mediated ERFs seem to be somewhat larger than the cone-mediated
      but smaller than the green rod-mediated. 6. The green rods contribute only to the
      on thresholds of class 1, 2 and 4 cells, but both to on and off in typical class
      3 cells, while the cones contribute to on and off in classes 1-3 and only to off
      in class 4.7. When the red rods begin to contribute during dark adaptation they
      seem to enter the cone but not the green rod channels. 8. All three receptor
      types contribute to the IRF surrounding the ERF of classes 1, 2, 3 and deviating
      class 4 cells. Normal class 4 cells have no IRF. 9. The organization of the
      receptive fields is discussed in relation to the anatomy and electrophysiology of
      the cell types transmitting the signals from the receptors to the ganglion cells.

PMID- 1079536
TI  - Fluorescence intensity changes associated with contractile activation in frog
      muscle stained with Nile Blue A.
AB  - 1. Extrinsic fluorescence intensity changes were studied in frog semitendinosus
      muscles stained with Nile Blue A in response to electrical stimulation. Muscles
      were stretched and put into hypertonic solutions to prevent movement. The muscles
      were illuminated at 90 degrees to their long axis with a narrow beam of light at
      a central wave-length of 6250 . Fluorescence emission was measured at 90 degrees
      to the exciting light using a filter which absorbed light of wave-lengths shorter
      than 6400 . 2. In response to a single stimulus the fluorescence intensity
      increases briefly. The fluorescence response is propagated at a constant velocity
      of about 1.5 m/sec. The average ratio of the maximum fluorescence intensity
      change to the resting fluorescence is 4.5 times 10-3 for supramaximal shocks. The
      fluorescence intensity change starts early in the falling phase of the action
      potential. 3. The fluorescence intensity change increases when nitrate replaces
      chloride and decreases when D2O replaces H2O. The rates of rise and fall of the
      fluorescence change was unaffected by nitrate replacement of chloride but are
      slowed where D2O replaces H2O. The rates of rise and fall of the fluorescence
      change increase with increasing temperature for all solutions used. The peak
      fluorescence intensity change, however, goes through a maximum at about 17
      degrees C for aqueous chloride and nitrate solutions in the range of 10-25
      degrees C. With D2O solutions, the peak fluorescence intensity increases
      monotonically in this range of temperatures. 4. The fluorescence intensity change
      in response to trains of action potentials are not additive. 5. Depolarization of
      muscles treated with tetrodotoxin using triangular-shaped fluid electrodes
      produces an increase in fluorescence at about the same threshold values required
      to elicit tension in preparations that are not fully stretched. The fluorescence
      intensity change precedes in time tension development. Near threshold
      depolarizations, the delay in onset of the fluorescence response can be 80 msec
      or longer. Byond threshold, delays become shorter and peak responses larger.
      During maintained depolarization, after the peak response, fluorescence declines
      to a plateau value. 6. The results suggest that the fluorescence intensity
      changes are associated with excitation-contraction coupling, possibly with
      changes in the transmembrane potential of the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 1079537
TI  - Energy balance in DNFB-treated and untreated frog muscle.
AB  - 1. Heat production and chemical changes were measured in untreated and
      dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-treated muscles during isometric tetani. Levels of
      total creatine (Ct), free creatine, ATP, ADP, AMP, inorganic phosphate, glucose-1
      phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate,
      pyruvate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and lactate were measured. Changes in inosinic
      acid (IMP) were also measured. 2. DNFB effectively inhibited the creatine kinase
      reaction (Lohmann reaction). 3. Our major finding is that even after effective
      treatment with DNFB the observed heat plus work after 2 sec and 5 sec of
      stimulation is significantly greater than the enthalpy change produced by the
      measured chemical changes. This confirms that an unidentified exothermic process
      occurs during muscle contraction; this conclusion was reached previously from
      studies of untreated muscle. 4. The unexplained heat plus work is unlikely to be
      derived from glycolytic reactions since under anaerobic conditions no formation
      of lactate, pyruvate, phosphoenolpyruvate or fructose-1,6-diphosphate could be
      detected in either untreated or DNFB-treated muscles even 34 sec after a series
      of three 5 sec isometric tetani. 5. In the first 2 sec of stimulation the
      unexplained heat plus work is less in DNFB-treated muscles than in untreated
      muscles. However from 2 to 5 sec of stimulation the unexplained heat plus work is
      the same in treated and untreated muscles.

PMID- 1079539
TI  - Mechanically induced oscillations in heart muscle preparations equilibrated with
      strontium.

PMID- 1079538
TI  - The effects of prolonged repetitive stimulation in hemicholinium on the frog
      neuromuscular junction.
AB  - 1. Cutaneous pectoris nerve-muscle preparations from the frog were stimulated for
      prolonged periods in solutions with curare alone, curare and hemicholinium no. 3
      (HC-3), or curare and glucose plus choline. End-plate potentials (e.p.p.s) and
      miniature end-plate potentials (m.e.p.p.s) were recorded intracellularly. Black
      widow spider venom (BWSV) was applied to determine the degree of depletion of the
      transmitter stores. 2. The ultrastructure of the neuromuscular junctions was
      studied in the electron microscope. Some of the preparations were fixed
      immediately at the end of the period of stimulation and others were fixed about
      an hour after BWSV had been applied. In some experiments horseradish peroxidase
      (HRP) was present during the period of stimulation and the fixed tissue was
      treated to reveal the distribution of the tracer. 3. The amplitude of the e.p.p.
      fell rapidly to almost zero during 2 hr of stimulation at 2/sec in 100 muM HC-3
      and little recovery occurred during a subsequent hour of rest. About 2-7 times 10
      5 quanta were secreted. The e.p.p.s usually persisted throughout the period of
      stimulation in the other solutions and 2-2-6 times as much transmitter was
      secreted. 4. When BWSV was applied immediately at the end of the period of
      stimulation in HC-3, almost no m.e.p.p.s were discharged and only small m.e.p.p.s
      were discharged when the venom was applied after an hour of rest. 5. When BWSV
      was applied to unstimulated terminals that had been bathed in HC-3, or to
      terminals that had been stimulated and rested for an hour in glucose plus
      choline, m.e.p.p.s of nearly normal amplitude were discharged. 6. Terminals
      stimulated for 2 hr at 2/sec in 100 muM HC-3 contained a normal complement of
      synaptic vesicles and a large proportion of vesicles were labelled with HRP when
      the tracer was present during the period of stimulation. 7. BWSV induced the
      almost complete depletion of vesicles from terminals that had been stimulated in
      HC-3. 8. Depletion of vesicles also occurred when terminals were stimulated for
      20 min at 10/sec after they had been previously stimulated for 2 hr at 2/sec in
      HC-3. These terminals showed extensive infolding of the axolemma and they
      contained swollen mitochondria. 9. These results indicate that stimulation in HC
      3 depletes terminals of their store of transmitter but not of their population of
      vesicles and that vesicles empty of transmitter can fuse with and reform from the
      axolemma of the nerve terminal.

PMID- 1079540
TI  - Submucosal aneurysm of the jejunum.

PMID- 1079541
TI  - B and T cells in a cat with thymic lymphosarcoma.
AB  - The mixed antiglobulin reaction and the formation of nonimmune rosettes with
      guinea-pig red blood cells (RBC) distinguished feline B and T cells,
      respectively. In a cat with thymic lymphosarcoma, the cells reacting in these
      tests formed separate, nonoverlapping populations. The malignant cells were large
      lymphoblasts replacing the normal thymus and infiltrating local lymph nodes,
      where they localized only in the paracortical, i.e., thymus-dependent areas.
      Cells from the nodes could therefore be identified as malignant or normal by
      their size. The mixed antiglobulin reaction showed that the malignant cells did
      not carry the surface Ig characteristic of B cells, whereas these malignant cells
      formed nonimmune rosettes with guinea-pig RBC. Among lymph node cells, most
      surviving normal and small lymphocytes, from outside the thymus-dependent areas,
      reacted as B  cells. The morphologic evidence therefore corroborated the test
      results, which indicated that the formation of rosettes with guinea-pig RBC seems
      a reliable means for the demonstration of T cells in the cat.

PMID- 1079542
TI  - [Ventriculography using meglumine locarmate].

PMID- 1079543
TI  - [Case of oligodendroglioma with radiographic manifestation of ventricular
      calcification].

PMID- 1079544
TI  - [Air study of epidermoid (pearly tumor)].

PMID- 1079545
TI  - [Effect of hydrostatic pressure on muscles (1)].

PMID- 1079546
TI  - [Nursing care in heart diseases. 19. CCU and PO system].

PMID- 1079547
TI  - [Nursing care in heart diseases. 20. PO system].

PMID- 1079548
TI  - [Resection of heart aneurysm and aorto-coronary shunt in chronic coronary
      insufficiency].

PMID- 1079549
TI  - [Hemorrhagic gastritis].

PMID- 1079550
TI  - Aorta-coronary artery saphenous vein bypass grafts. Isolated and combined with
      other procedures.
AB  - The results in 578 patients who underwent a saphenous vein bypass graft operation
      (isolated SVBG) or a SVBG combined with other procedures (combined SVBG) from
      1969 through 1972 were analyzed. The operative mortality rate was low (3 percent)
      for isolated SVBG but increased considerably for combined SVBG. The late
      mortality rate was also low (4 percent) for isolated SVBG and also increased
      markedly for combined SVBG. The operative mortality rate did not change in the
      group undergoing left ventricular aneurysmectomy or mitral valve surgery for
      postinfarction mitral insufficiency, whether or not SVBG was used; however, late
      results were better in both groups when SVBG was performed. Among all groups,
      patients with postinfarction mitral insufficiency or rheumatic mitral
      incompetence associated with coronary artery disease had the poorest outcome.
      Despite the operative and late deaths, patients undergoing SVBG with aortic valve
      replacement showed excellent results in the group of survivors.

PMID- 1079551
TI  - Serum enzyme data in diagnosis of myocardial infarction during or early after
      aorta-coronary saphenous vein bypass graft operations.
AB  - In 397 cases, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and creatine
      phosphokinase (CPK) values were determined on the first, second, and third days
      after aorta-coronary artery saphenous vein bypass graft operations.
      Electrocardiographic (ECG) or vectorcardiographic (VCG) evidence of postoperative
      transmural infarction was found in 48 cases. Multivariate analysis indicated that
      GOT and CPK concentrations on day 1 had substantial discriminatory value
      regarding infarction. Discrimination by GOT values was not significantly improved
      by addition of CPK. Of the 61 cases positive by GOT values measured 1 day
      postoperatively (greater than 100 U. per liter; normal smaller than 24), 32 (52
      percent) were negative by ECG or VCG; of the 336 cases negative by GOT, 19 (6
      percent) were positive by ECG or VCG. GOT and CPK values increased with the
      number of vessels grafted and with the use of ventricular rather than atrial
      vents. Total serum enzyme values lack specificty in diagnosis of transmural
      infarction after the saphenous vein bypass operation.

PMID- 1079552
TI  - Delayed coronary artery dissection after angiography. A case description with
      successful operative treatment.
AB  - A patient is described in whom right coronary artery dissection occurred 48 hours
      after coronary angiography. Successful operative treatment consisted of immediate
      saphenous vein bypass grafting and ligation of the proximal coronary artery.
      Several aspects of the case are characteristic of this pathological entity as
      reported in the literature and suggest principles of surgical management.

PMID- 1079553
TI  - [Gastric hemorrhage caused by acetylsalicylic acid--a comparison of soluble and
      buffered preparations].

PMID- 1079554
TI  - [Thymus gland--close to our hearts].

PMID- 1079555
TI  - [Therapeutic study of a combination Pimaricin-Neomycin Bacitracin-dexamethasone,
      localy administered in child dermatology].

PMID- 1079556
TI  - [Importance of high-frequency auricular stimulation in the treatment of auricular
      flutter].

PMID- 1079557
TI  - [Effect of trasylol on the enzymuria of a hypoxically injured kidney].

PMID- 1079558
TI  - Isozymes of pyruvate kinase from the grassfrog.

PMID- 1079559
TI  - Some of the clinically more important side effects of drug therapy. Part 2.

PMID- 1079560
TI  - Letter: Ampicillin-resistant haemophilus influenzae, type b.

PMID- 1079561
TI  - [A state of "epileptoid pathological impulsiveness" secondary to occasional
      dyspyridoxinosis caused by prolonged administration of isoniazid].

PMID- 1079562
TI  - The lung in systemic lupus erythematosus: a clinico-pathologic study of 20 cases.

PMID- 1079563
TI  - Ischemic colitis with perforation into the gallbladder.

PMID- 1079564
TI  - A histologic chronology of the clinical course of the keratocarcinoma (so-called
      keratoacanthoma).

PMID- 1079565
TI  - Preoperative diagnosis of the Meckel's diverticulum by sequential 99m Technetium
      Pertechnetate scanning.

PMID- 1079566
TI  - Clinical studies with cefazolin: a new cephalosporin antibiotic.

PMID- 1079567
TI  - A Guillain-Barre variant: ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia.

PMID- 1079568
TI  - Unusual problems in surgery. Bochdalek hernia presenting at one year of age.

PMID- 1079569
TI  - Every step of the way.

PMID- 1079570
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. case 25-1975.

PMID- 1079571
TI  - Letter: Methotrexate with citrovorum-factor rescue.

PMID- 1079572
TI  - Growth of B lymphocyte colonies in vitro from mouse lymphoid organs.

PMID- 1079573
TI  - Letter: theta-positive cells in nude mice born from homozygous nu/nu mother.

PMID- 1079574
TI  - Use of an X-ray television for diffraction of the frog striated muscle.

PMID- 1079575
TI  - Enhanced immunological surveillance in mice heterozygous at the H-2 gene complex.

PMID- 1079576
TI  - [Emergency endoscopy in hemorrhage of the upper intestinal tract].

PMID- 1079577
TI  - [A patient with the so-called variant form of angina pectoris].

PMID- 1079578
TI  - The mechanisms of fast axonal transport: a pharmacological approach.

PMID- 1079579
TI  - Cholinergic mechanisms in the cat vestibular system.

PMID- 1079580
TI  - Inhibition of efferent sympathetic nerve activity by 5-hydroxytryptophan and
      centrally administered 5-hydroxytryptamine.

PMID- 1079581
TI  - A study of B and T cells in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - Peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes were enumerated using E and EAC red blood
      cell rosetting techniques. The percentage of EAC-binding cells in peripheral
      blood of multiple sclerosis patients is elevated (31.7 plus or minus 2.4S.E.M.)
      when compared with the percentage in healthy controls (18.5 plus or minus 1.1
      S.E.M.). The total T cell percentage is not significantly lower in multiple
      sclerosis than in controls, but fewer T cells in patients with multiple sclerosis
      are able to bind 10 or more red blood cells.

PMID- 1079582
TI  - Proceedings: Immunogenetic aspects of demyelinating disease.

PMID- 1079583
TI  - [Some cases of reaction and hypersensitivity to trasylol].

PMID- 1079584
TI  - Problems of bone health in elderly. Ten-year study.

PMID- 1079585
TI  - Psychiatry and self-administered data form.

PMID- 1079586
TI  - Inventory of surgical operations for cardiac structural sequels of myocardial
      infarction. I.

PMID- 1079587
TI  - In vitro resistance of haemophilus influenzae to co-trimoxazole and trimethoprim.
AB  - Over a period of five months Haemophilus influenzae isolated from 123 patients
      were tested for resistance to co-trimoxazole and trimethoprim by the disc method
      of sensitivity testing and isolates from four patients were found to be
      resistant. However, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of trimethoprim lactate
      were estimated for the isolates from these four patients only one was found to be
      resistant. This H. influenzae strain was from one of the two patients in the
      survey who had a history of repeated courses of co-trimoxazole therapy. The
      discrepancy between the results of the disc sensitivity tests and the minimum
      inhibitory concentration estimations of the resistance of H. influenzae to co
      trimoxazole and trimethoprim. The appearance of co-trimoxazole and trimethoprim
      resistance in H. influenzae isolated from a patient who has had prolonged
      treatment with co-trimoxazole is in agreement with the findings of other authors.

PMID- 1079588
TI  - Coding diseases and problems. How and why you should be using problem oriented
      medical records.

PMID- 1079590
TI  - Exogenous Moraxella liquefaciens endophthalmitis.
AB  - Moraxella species have been generally associated with diseases of the external
      eye. In this report we present a case of exogenous Moraxella liquefaciens
      endothalmitis which developed 14 years after an intracapsular cataract
      extraction.

PMID- 1079589
TI  - [Routine immunology in the evaluation of uveitis].

PMID- 1079591
TI  - Ocular toxoplasmosis, trigeminal herpes zoster and pulmonary tuberculosis in a
      patient with Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1079592
TI  - [Homoreactant factors and their effect on IgG synthesis].

PMID- 1079593
TI  - [Prevalence of adult asthma in Hungary].

PMID- 1079594
TI  - [Lymphocyte transformation in patients with laryngeal carcinoma].

PMID- 1079595
TI  - Acupuncture and transdermal electrostimulation in the treatment of deafness.
AB  - A review and critique of the research on acupuncture and transdermal
      electrostimulation therapy in treating sensorineural hearing loss is presented.
      Of 111 subjects in these studies were noted to exhibit a decrease in hearing
      sensitivity. Additional data collected at our clinics on four preschool hearing
      impaired children failed to provide evidence of improvement following
      acupuncture. Similar results are reported with transdermal therapy, suggesting
      that both procedures are inappropriate for the treatment of sensorineural hearing
      loss.

PMID- 1079596
TI  - Clinical manifestations of Crohn's disease in children and adolescents.

PMID- 1079597
TI  - Displacement currents in the node of Ranvier. Voltage and time dependence.
AB  - The time course of the membrane currents in the node of Ranvier in which the
      sodium and potassium conductances have been blocked reveals asymmetries during
      and after the application of depolarizing and hyperpolarizing voltage-clamp
      pulses of identical size. Since 1. the integrals of the "on" and "off" current
      transients were found to be equal and opposite, 2. the change displaced reached
      saturation (about 140-10-minus 15 C/node) when the internal potential was taken
      to a sufficiently positive value during the depolarizing pulses and, 3. the size
      of the charge transferred was unaffected by temperature although its time
      constant had a large temperature coefficient (Q10 = 2.4), these currents to our
      opinion must result form charge movements confined to the membrane and,
      therefore, can be considered as non-liner displacement currents. The steady-state
      rearrangement of the charges is consistent with a Boltzmann distribution of
      charges (effective valence z = 1.65) between two configurations characterized by
      different energy levels. The midpoint potential of the distribution curve is 
      33.7mV and its maximum slope, kT/ZE, is 14.9 mV. Following changes in membrane
      potential the charges undergo a first order transition between these states. We
      propose that these displacement currents arise from a redistribution of the
      charges involved in the sodium gating system.

PMID- 1079598
TI  - [Role of histocompatibility antigens (HL-A) in the pathogenesis of some
      rheumatoid diseases].

PMID- 1079599
TI  - [In vitro studies of the effect of drugs on the reduction of proteolytic activity
      in burn wounds].

PMID- 1079600
TI  - [Hyaluronidase in complex treatment of tuberculous and metatuberculous lesions of
      the respiratory organs in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1079601
TI  - Voltage-dependence of drug-induced conductance in frog neuromuscular junction.
AB  - Membrane currents from voltage-clamped frog muscle fibers were recorded during
      iontophoretic application of steady doses of carbachol, acetylcholine, and
      suberyldicholine to the endplate region. In the presence of these drugs, an
      exponentially relaxing current was observed after step changes of membrane
      potential. The time constant of relaxation was found to be voltage-dependent. It
      was equal to the time constant obtained from the autocorrelation function of drug
      induced conductance fluctuations measured under similar conditions. Analysis of
      instantaneous current at the on- and offsets of voltageclamp pulses showed that
      there is no shift in equilibrium potential during the pulses.

PMID- 1079602
TI  - Picosecond detection of an intermediate in the photochemical reaction of
      bacterial photosynthesis.
AB  - Preparations of photosynthetic reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides
      were excited with flashes lasting approximately 8 psec. Immediately after the
      excitation, there appeared a transient state which was characterized by new
      absorption bands near 500 and 680 nm, by a bleaching of bands near 540, 600, 760,
      and 870 nm, and by a blue shift of a band near 800 nm. The transient state
      decayed with an exponential decay time,t, of 246 plus or minus 16 psec after the
      flash. As the transient state decayed, the radical cation of the reaction center
      bacteriochlorophyll complex appeared. This indicates that the transient state is
      an intermediate in the photooxidation of the bacteriochlorophyll. The absorpiton
      spectrum of the transient state shows the state to be identical with a state (P
      F) which has been detected previously in reaction centers that are prevented from
      completing the photooxidation, because of chemical reduction of the electron
      acceptor. Analysis of the spectrum suggests that the formation of P-F involves
      electron transfer from one bacteriochlorophyll molecule to another within the
      reaction center, or possibly from bacteriochlorophyll to the bacteriopheophytin
      of the complex. The initial absorbance changes after flash excitation also
      include a bleaching of an absorption band at 800 nm. The bleaching decays with
      tau approximately equal to 30 pse. The bleaching appers not to be a secondary
      effect, but rather to revael another early step in the primary photochemical
      reaction.

PMID- 1079603
TI  - Action spectrum for the oxygen-indenpendent inactivation of Haemophilus
      influenzae transforming DNA with near ultra-violet light.

PMID- 1079604
TI  - Age at maternal separation and gastric erosion susceptibility in the rat.
AB  - The development of susceptibility to immobilization-induced gastric erosions was
      studied in laboratory rats previously separated from their mothers at 15, 21 or
      25 days of age. Early separation (day 15) produced animals whose maximum
      susceptibility occurred at a much younger age, generated a susceptibility curve
      over life that was the inverse of the curve for animals separated later and led
      to severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage as a common and distinguishing complication
      in younger rats. The pathogenesis of erosion formation in early separated rats
      may be unique in that, for that group only, the food deprivation component of the
      immobilization paradigm, when presented alone, also produced erosion of the
      glandular stomach, with hemorrhage.

PMID- 1079605
TI  - Aneurysm of the gastroduodenal artery.
AB  - Report on the case of a woman having a history of duodenal ulcer, who underwent
      six unsuccessful operations for several hemorrhages of the digestive tract. When
      angiography was finally carried out, this revealed an aneurysm of the
      gastroduodenal artery, probably located at the base of the ulcer. The diagnosis
      was verified at the subsequent operation which made it possible to arrest the
      haemorrhage by ligating the aneurysm.

PMID- 1079606
TI  - Radiological examination of the newborn.

PMID- 1079607
TI  - Neonatal radiology.  Special procedure techniques in infants.

PMID- 1079608
TI  - Comparison of ventricular enlargement and radiopharmaceutical retention: a
      cisternographic-pneumoencephalographic comparison.
AB  - The cisternograms and pneumoencephalograms of 58 patients with suspected "normal
      pressure" hydrocephalus were correlated and the relationship of ventricular
      radiopharmaceutical entry and stasis to ventricular size was analyzed. It was
      found that radiopharmaceutical entry relates directly to ventricular size, stasis
      occurring only in markedly enlarged ventricles. Cerebrospinal fluid imaging alone
      is a highly reliable diagnostic study only if patients exhibit the characteristic
      cisternographic patterns of normal pressure hydrocephalus. In those who do not,
      pneumoencephalography and cisternography are valuable complementary studies which
      can also be used to identify primary cortical atrophy.

PMID- 1079609
TI  - The efficacy of the brain scan in diagnosis of brainstem gliomas.
AB  - Nineteen cases of brainstem glioma were reviewed to evaluate lesion detection by
      brain imaging and other radiological methods. 99m-Tc-pertechnetate brain imaging
      was definitely abnormal in only one patient. Other techniques proved to be more
      sensitive and specific. Angiograms were abnormal in 10 of 18 cases while
      pneumoencephalography demonstrated the lesion in 16 of 19 cases. Brain imaging is
      not a sensitive diagnostic study in patients with suspected brainstem glioma. A
      normal brain scan is not useful in excluding this diagnosis and further
      radiological evaluation is necessary.

PMID- 1079610
TI  - The validity of criteria for the evaluation of cerebral atrophy by computed
      tomography.
AB  - Computed tomography of the brain was used in evaluating demented and nondemented
      elderly people. The incidence of convulutional atrophy and ventricular
      enlargement correlated well with pathologic and pneumoencephalographic
      examination of a similar population. Computed tomography also showed certain
      instances of dementia without atrophy and evidence of atrophy without dementia.
      The absence of brain atrophy in a demented patient should prompt a search for a
      potentially treatable cause of the dementia. The authors discuss criteria for
      diagnosing atrophy by computed tomography and conclude that, because of its
      noninvasive nature, it is a valuable aid in screening demented patients for
      treatable diseases.

PMID- 1079612
TI  - [Editorial: Perspectives and current problems of medical activities].

PMID- 1079611
TI  - Computed tomography and magnification vertebral angiotomography in the diagnosis
      of colloid cysts of the third ventricle.

PMID- 1079613
TI  - [Modified Thal's gastroesophagoplasty for the treatment of megaesophagus].

PMID- 1079614
TI  - [Services in a pediatric emergency unit].

PMID- 1079615
TI  - [Surgical treatment of acute hemorrhage caused by esophagogastric varices (The
      Boerema-Crile Jr. operation)].

PMID- 1079616
TI  - [Probable coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis and Crohn's disease. Report of a
      case].

PMID- 1079617
TI  - [Treatment of schistosomiasis using hycanthone in 246 children. Side effects,
      laboratory studies and efficacy of various doses].

PMID- 1079618
TI  - [Cabinet for filling diapositives].

PMID- 1079619
TI  - [Scintigraphic diagnosis].

PMID- 1079620
TI  - [Lymphocyte population in systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1079621
TI  - [Digestive hemorrhages in shock].

PMID- 1079622
TI  - [Stress-induced gastrointestinal hemorrhages].

PMID- 1079623
TI  - [Immunocomplexes and polynucleotides in the synovial fluid].

PMID- 1079624
TI  - [Hemolytic complement of the blood and synovial fluid in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1079625
TI  - [Metastases of malignant tumors as a rheumatic syndrome].

PMID- 1079626
TI  - [Important acquisitions in cardiovascular pathology since 1973].

PMID- 1079627
TI  - [Aortocoronary bypasses. Indications and results].

PMID- 1079628
TI  - Concurrence of ulcerative colitis and chronic acitve hepatitis, Clinical courses
      and results of colectomy.
AB  - Seven patients with coexisting chronic active hepatitis and ulcerative colitis
      are reviewed. The activity of the two diseases varied independently.
      Proctocolectomy was necessitated in 6 patients and was followed by disappearance
      or decreased in titres of smooth muscle and antinuclear autoantibodies and
      immunoglobulins and, in one patient, by a rapid normalization of markedly
      elevated transaminases. Although the series are small, we feel that our data
      suggest that proctocolectomy for severe ulcerative colitis may have some
      beneficial effect on a coexisting chronic active hepatitis.

PMID- 1079629
TI  - Structural requirements in the Fc region of rabbit IgG antibodies necessary to
      induce cytotoxicity by human lymphocytes.
AB  - Rabbit IgG anti-chicken erythrocyte antibodies were compared with the Fab/c or
      Facb fragments of IgG and with partially reduced and alkylated IgG for the
      capacity to induce cytotoxicity by normal human lymphocytes. The Fab/c antibody
      fragment, which lacks one Fab region, was still able to induce cytotoxicity. In
      contrast, the Facb antibody fragment, which lacks the C-gamma3 domains, was
      nearly ineffective in activating the effector cells, whereas intact antibody
      activity was demonstrated by its ability to inhibit the cytotoxicity induced by
      unsplit IgG. Similarly, partial reduction and alkylation of the IgG antibodies,
      under conditions affecting the interchain disulphide bonds only, greatly
      diminished their ability to induce cytotoxicity, although they effectively
      inhibited the cytotoxicity induced by untreated IgG. On the basis of these
      results and previous data, we suggest that the reaction of the Fc region of IgG
      with the effector cell depends on the integrity of the C-gamma2 domain in the
      native, divalent state or on the interaction between the C-gamma2 and C-gamma3
      domains.

PMID- 1079630
TI  - Teeth loss and the inflammation of teeth-supporting tissues in rheumatoid
      disease.
AB  - To compare the state of dentition between rheumatoid and control patients,
      ortopanthomograms were taken of 126 rheumatoid and 119 control patients. This
      roenthenologic examination revealed a signficantly higher incidence of teeth loss
      among the rheumatoid patients than among the control patients. To determine
      whether the dental periapical lesions of patients with rheumatoid disease differ
      histologically from corresponding lesions in control patients, the dental
      periapical lesions of 43 rheumatoid and 23 control patients were examined with a
      routine histochemical technique. No differences were detected however between
      these two patient groups either as regards the histologic features of their
      periapical lesions or as regards the incidence of these lesions, whether
      granulomas or radicular cysts. Furthermore, examination of the gingival tissues
      from 21 rheumatoid patients did not either reveal any distinguishing histologic
      feature. Amyloid was sought in the teeth-supporting tissues of both rheumatoid
      and control groups with techniques involving light, polarization and fluorescence
      microscopy. In neither group was amyloid detected with certainty with any of
      these techniques. The higher incidence of teeth loss among rheumatoid patients
      invited further investigation into the relationship between dental health and
      rheumatoid disease.

PMID- 1079631
TI  - Current concepts in the management of hemophilia.

PMID- 1079632
TI  - Inherited defects of platelet function.

PMID- 1079633
TI  - The management of thalassemia major.

PMID- 1079634
TI  - Pancreatic pseudocyst with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1079635
TI  - Treatment of vaginal discharge with yoghurt.
AB  - A preliminary trial was  conducted, using yoghurt to assess its potential for the
      management of vaginal discharge. The results were encouraging in non-specific
      vaginal discharge and warrant further investigation. The treatment was
      ineffective in reducing Trichomonas vaginalis infestation, and in this condition
      no further investigation is warranted.

PMID- 1079636
TI  - Effect of elastase-like and chymotrypsin-like neutral proteases from human
      granulocytes on isolated clotting factors.

PMID- 1079637
TI  - Fibrinogen-fibrin related antigen pattern in human blood. Incomplete lysis of
      whole blood clots by urokinase.

PMID- 1079638
TI  - [Hematemesis--melena.  Acute endoscopy as a routine].

PMID- 1079639
TI  - [Selection of patients for coronary surgery].

PMID- 1079640
TI  - [Recurrent haemoptysis for a period of five years following aspiration of a gall
      stone].
AB  - The article deals with a case report of a 71-years-old female who suffered from
      hemoptysis over a period of five years. The first hemoptysis occurred
      postoperatively after a cholecystectomy in December 1966 and was thought to be
      caused by pulmonary embolism. Persisting episodes of more or less slight
      hemoptysis in the following years lead to repeated different diagnostic
      procedures. Radiologically there was an infiltration of the right lower lobe
      rather constant in size. Endoscopically no bronchial obstruction was visible. In
      July 1972 the patient suffered from a more severe hemoptoe. X-ray findings were
      nearly unchanged. With bronchoscopy the hemorrhage could be localized to the
      segmental bronchi 8 and 9. Right lower lobectomy was done in September 1972
      without an exact preoperative diagnosis. The patient had an uneventful
      postoperative course despite of her age. Pathological examination of the specimen
      showed a foreign body looking like a gallstone. This diagnosis was confirmed by
      chemical analysis. To get an explanation we inquired into the circumstances of
      the cholecystectomy performed 5 years ago. These lead to the conclusion that the
      concrement must have been vomited and aspirated by the evidently not intubated
      patient. These suggestions were supported by the fact, that the former operation
      has been done because of a gangrenous gallbladder with a highly delated common
      duct and the duodenum, stomach and transverse colon being involved in an
      inflammatory infiltration. Dangers of asymptomic foreign body aspiration and
      diagnostic problems in non-opaque peripheral foreign bodies are discussed.

PMID- 1079641
TI  - [Intrapulmonary thymoma].
AB  - A primary intrapulmonary left-sided thymoma is described in a 23-year old man.
      Eight similar observations can be found in the world literature. The histology is
      quite uniform. The tissue shows characteristic epithelial and lymphatic cellular
      elements but organoid differentiation into medullar and cortex is lacking.
      Hassall's granules are only rudimentary. Giant cells in all stages of
      development, tissue mast cells, varied supporting tissue, epithelial border layer
      and connective tissue capsule are all present. There is no blastomatous
      degeneration. Theoretical indications to explain the sudden onset of tendency to
      proliferation of the ectopic thymus independant of age and sex are discussed.

PMID- 1079642
TI  - [Complications in mediastinoscopy - a possibility of direct therapy].
AB  - Complications in diagnostic mediastinoscopy are between 0, 7 percent and 1,8 per
      cent. Lesions of the great vessels end letal in most cases. A possibility is
      reported how to treat lesions of the tracheobronchial system in emergency cases
      with lyophilised dura and a histoacryl-adhesive for tissue.

PMID- 1079643
TI  - [Phleborgaphic studies of subclavian vein compression at the shoulder girdle].
AB  - 60 healthy persons without clinical signs of neurovascular compression at the
      shoulder girdle were investigated with phlebograms of the arm under various arm
      positions. Venous obstruction could be demonstrated under hyperabduction and
      shoulder-retraction in 70 per cent of the phlebograms. A compression of the
      subclavian vein in extreme positions of the arm can therefore be demonstrated in
      a significant number of healthy individuals. A narrowing of  the costoclavicular
      space and an impression by the head of the humerus seem tobe the most frequent
      mechanisms of compression. Repeated compression between clavicula and first rib
      leads to thickening of the vein wall, forced expiration (Valsalva) to temporary
      stasis. These mechanisms could be the reason for primary subclavian vein
      thrombosis in otherwise healthy individuals.

PMID- 1079644
TI  - [Surgical problems in the treatment of aneurysm of femoral artery bifurcation].
AB  - The different types and causes of aneurysm in the region of the femoral artery
      bifurication as well as the possibilities of surgical treatment are discussed on
      the basis of 4 patients, each with a differnt type of aneurysm. The examples show
      clearly that the basic of 4 patients, each with a different type of aneurysm. The
      examples show clearly that the  basic disease can prevent successful surgical
      reconstruction of the arterial blood circulation. The use of synthetic prostheses
      is not possible in case of infection in this area  because of the deleterious
      subsequences unless the entire infected area can be avoided with a bypass. (Fig.
      2a). Trials with autologous veins and arteries, are , therefore, justified. The
      technical procedure for the use of the greater saphenous vein or deep femoral
      artery is described. In the authors' patients as well as those reported in the
      literature, it is clear than aneurysms in the region of the femoral artery
      bifurcation are sometimes difficult to treat. Hwerver, their localisation near
      the surface should allow early diagnosis and prompt treatment.

PMID- 1079645
TI  - [The development of intramyocardial haemorrhages or fluidaccumulation in the
      extracellular space].
AB  - Isolated rat hearts according to Langendorff and rabbit hearts after orthostatic
      collapse were studied under the  light and electron microscope. The light
      micrographs were also quantitatively analysed. Changes in the vessels are
      noticeable, especially those in the sinusoid's. Vessel ruptures occur,  also
      isolated endothelial ruptures with intact basement membranes and perfusion fluid
      enters the extracellular space. Numerous 0.06-01 mu large vesicles appear in the
      cytoplasma of the endothelial cells. A large number of vesiculation processes can
      be demonstrated along the cell membrane. The extracellular space is strongly
      dilated. Changes in the colloid osmotic pressure and a rise in perfusion pressure
      have no clearly demonstrable influence on the extent of extravasation under the
      experimental conditions. The mechanism possible inducing such vessel changes is
      discussed.

PMID- 1079646
TI  - [Clinical  use of membrane oxygenators for extended extracroporal circulation].
AB  - Extended perfusion with extracorporal circulation membrane oxygenators of the
      Lande-Edwards type was performed in 43 patients. Two groups of patients were
      studied in detail: 1. Patients undergoing aortic valve replacement primarily
      because of calcified aortic defects (n equals 20; average perfusion time 96 min.1
      2. Young children in whom the operation of Mustard was mainly performed (n equals
      10; average perfusion time 92 min.) There were no deaths or complications due to
      the use of the membrane oxygenator. Particular emphasis is laid on the careful
      preparation of the apparatus. Although venous drainage is only by gravity, high
      flow perfusion was possible in all age groups. Haemodynamics and metabolism were
      good even after 1 1/2 hours perfusion. Haemodialysis was slight.

PMID- 1079647
TI  - [Surgical  problems of the transvenous implantation of cardiac pancemakers].
AB  - 489 operation were performed at 323 patients with transvenous implantation of
      cardiac pacemarkers in 1968-1973. The average of the complications is coming to
      25 p.c. of all operations. 41 (34 p.c.) operations of correction are caused by a
      dislocation of the electrode, 39 (33 p.c.) by a break of the electrode, 18 (14
      p.c.) by infectious complications. The operative and technical possibilities to
      prevent the complications are described. The method of transvenous implantation
      of cardiac pacemakers is preferred.

PMID- 1079648
TI  - [Experimental studies on the circulation of the vascular area of the subdiaphragm
      using a newly developed pulse-wave pump].
AB  - A new developed partial artificial heart system is presented, which allows
      pulsatile perfusion of vital organs. The results presented reveal the possibility
      to duplicate pressure curves and peak systolic pressure in the perfused area
      similar to physiological preoperative measurements. The kidney function remains
      intact. Angiographically there is no damage of the kidney vessels evident. The
      results are compared with datas of other investigators. Especially there opinion
      about the disturbance of renal flow and function under nonpulsatile conditions
      are critically evaluated. A possible connnection between the postoperative renal
      failure after cardio-pulmonary bypass and non-pulsatile perfusion and other
      pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 1079649
TI  - [Total electrode retraction (Twiddler syndrome) in infection of the pacemaker
      system].
AB  - We report upon a case of total retraction of an electrode (Twiddler syndrom) in
      an infected pacemaker battery. The silk-thread fixation was still  fastened at
      the right place on the electrode; the tissue owing to the inflammation was no
      longer sufficient as a fixation point. The casues of this total retraction of the
      electrode are the following factors: the battery hat sufficient freedom of
      movement for rotation following exudation into the pacemaker cavity, the
      electrode was elastic and above all the pacemaker system was infected which could
      no longer guarantee a sufficient fixation of the electrode in the infected
      tissue. Attention is drawn to the necessity to remove an infected pacemaker
      system.

PMID- 1079650
TI  - A profile of the rat gastrointestinal toxicity of drugs used to treat
      inflammatory diseases.

PMID- 1079651
TI  - [Hemorrhages into the duodenal mucosa and pancreas in death from freezing].

PMID- 1079652
TI  - Perinatal mortality and maternal mortality at the Provincial Hospital, Quang
      Ngai, South Vietnam, 1967-1970.
AB  - The perinatal mortality, maternal mortality, infant mortality rates, and the
      complications of delivery at the Provincial Hospital of Quang Ngai, South Vietnam
      are described. The perinatal mortality is the only valid statistic available as
      the infant usually leaves the hospital within three days of delivery. Knowledge
      pertaining to the 4th to 28th day after birth is scanty and there is insufficient
      knowledge about the first year of life. Infant mortality is estimated at 277 per
      1,000 live births. The perinatal mortality 64.6 per 1,000 live births, and
      maternal mortality, 106 per 10,000 live births are extremely high in contrast to
      Western countries. The high perinatal mortality is attributable to deaths during
      birth, the neonatal and immediate postnatal period. The high maternal mortality
      is primarily due to caesarean section, anemia, uterine rupture, toxemia, post
      partum hemorrhage and puerperal infection.

PMID- 1079653
TI  - [Enhancement of the cooperation of T- and B-lymphocytes in the immune response
      and the induction of antibody production in B-mice].
AB  - The effect of poly-4-vinylpyridine and polyacrilic acid on production of
      antibodyforming cells to the sheep red blood cells in in vivo mixed cultures of T
      and B-lymphocytes involved an obvious increase of the immune response. To a
      lesser extent theimmune response was increased in B-lymphocyte cultures, and no
      such effect was observed in T-lymphocyte cultures. The poly-4-vinlpyridine and
      polyacrilic acid were concluded to enhance cooperation between T- and B
      lymphocytes and, probably, to replacethe T-lymphocytes function in B-mice.

PMID- 1079654
TI  - [Rheumatic torticollis in a child due to cervical intervertebral disc
      calcification].

PMID- 1079655
TI  - [Discomfort in the post-partum period.  A prospective study of 95 women submitted
      to examination 5 months after delivery in a department for general surgery].

PMID- 1079656
TI  - [A portrait of the immunesystem].

PMID- 1079657
TI  - Phytohemagglutinin lymphocyte stimulation in children with recurrent urinary
      tract infections.
AB  - The delayed hypersensitivity (T cell) response of children with recurrent urinary
      tract infections, normal children, and children with other bacterial infections
      was measured by the ability of their lymphocytes to react to vitro to
      phytohemagglutinin. A comparison among these three groups demonstrated no
      differences in response. We conclude that the delayed hypersensitivity response
      is grossly normal in most children with recurrent urinary tract infections.

PMID- 1079658
TI  - Light adaptation of the receptors: increment threshold functions for the frog's
      rods and cones.

PMID- 1079659
TI  - Receptors in the monochromat eye.

PMID- 1079660
TI  - The gecko visual pigments. II. Color and the sulfhydryl group.

PMID- 1079661
TI  - [Consequences of long-term treatment with corticosteroids in patients with
      inflammatory rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1079662
TI  - [Postoperative hemorrhages in tonsillectomies under arctic conditions].

PMID- 1079663
TI  - [Clamps for stopping hemorrhage in the tonsillar niche].

PMID- 1079664
TI  - [Change in certain indices of erythrocytic hemostasis in torpid rheumatism].

PMID- 1079665
TI  - [Hemocholecyst--hemorrhage into the gallbladder in the course of gallbladder
      carcinoma].

PMID- 1079666
TI  - [Case of hemorrhagic gastritis with massive recurring hemorrhages].

PMID- 1079667
TI  - [Atypical phagocytosis of starch grains by trichomonas vaginalis].

PMID- 1079668
TI  - [Correlation between trichomonadosis in newborn infants and fetal presentation].

PMID- 1079669
TI  - [Effect of obstetric procedures on infection of newborn infants with Trichomonas
      vaginalis during delivery].

PMID- 1079670
TI  - [Immature and premature effluence of amniotic fluid and trichomonadosis in
      newborn infants].

PMID- 1079671
TI  - [Incidence of Trichomonas vaginalis infections in newborn infants in the course
      of prolonged delivery].

PMID- 1079672
TI  - [Cesarean section and occurrence of Trichomonas vaginalis in newborn infants].

PMID- 1079673
TI  - [Spinal cord compression in multiple cartilagineous exostoses (case report)].
AB  - A 53-year-old patient with multiple cartilagineous exostoses developed narrowing
      of the thoracic spinal canal with compression of the cord and spastic paraplegia.
      The importance of radiologic examination of the whole spine as well as of the
      extremities is emphasized. When there is an exostosis in the spine neurologic
      examination disclosing cord compression should be carried out at regular
      intervals. If there are signs of cord compression, early decompressive
      laminectomy is the treatment of choice.

PMID- 1079674
TI  - [Comment on the article by U. Bauer, L. Kinzl, D. Wolter: "Effect of electric
      direct current on fracture healing" z. Orthop. 112 (1974) 402].

PMID- 1079675
TI  - [Reply to the comment by M. Weigert: "Effect of electric direct current on
      fracture healing", Z. Orthop. 112 (1974) 402].

PMID- 1079676
TI  - [Multiple pseudoxanthomatour rheumatoid nodules].
AB  - 2 cases of Rheumatoid arthritis associated with multiple subcutaneous nodules
      were presented, which resembled "pseudoxanthomatour rheumatoid nodules" as before
      reported. In the first case, the asymmetrical joint involvement has been preceded
      by the formation of subcutaneous nodules since 5 years; In the second case,
      arthritis appeared long before the nodules were formed. In both cases,
      circumscript vasculitis and high titer of rheumatoid factor were noticed and
      cystic activities were found in several nodules.

PMID- 1079677
TI  - Immunochemistry of the interaction of thyroglobulin (Tg) and its auto- and hetero
      antibodies.

PMID- 1079678
TI  - [Editorial: The prodigious rise of coronary surgery].

PMID- 1079679
TI  - [Factors influencing the results of aortocoronary bypass in a homogeneous series
      of 125 surgical patients].
AB  - A group of 125 patients having undergone aortocoronary bypass by saphenous graft
      was studied from the point of view of short and medium term results. The
      following emerged as factors likely to influence these results: --the technique
      used in the anastamoses and the quality of peroperative myocardial protection; -
      the presence of hyperlipidaemia; --the restrictive choice of indications in
      relation to the results of coronary arteriography; --the presence of cardiac
      insufficiency or an associated valvular lesion. Overall operative mortality was 8
      p. cent. Routine ECG's and enzyme studies were carried out to detect
      postoperative myocardial necrosis. 4 postoperative infarctions without clinical
      symptoms or signs were detected (2.4 p. cent). 26 patients underwent surgery as
      an emergency with simultaneous coronary arteriography and surgery in 24. The
      mortality in this group was not greater (7.6 p. cent) than in the group as a
      whole. By contrast, mortality was greater in the presence of cardiac
      insufficiency (25 p. cent) or an associated valvular lesion (16.5 p. cent).

PMID- 1079680
TI  - Correspondence on the study "isolation and identification of corynebacterium
      vaginale (Haemophilus vaginalis) in women with infections of the lower genital
      tract".

PMID- 1079681
TI  - The influence of optokinetic training upon vestibular habituation. Ok-induced
      modification of vestibular responses elicited by sinusoidal stimuli.
AB  - Unidirectional optokinetic training modifies the response pattern of
      bidirectional sinusoidal vestibular stimuli (pendular rotation), resulting in an
      initial response decline. The latter affects only slow phase velocity, whereas
      the former shows a frequency increase. Optokinetic training obviously has a
      facilitating effect upon vestibular habituation which cannot be induced by
      repeated sinusoidal vestibular stimuli alone. Peak frequency increase as well as
      slow phase velocity decrease of vestibular nystagmus, induced by optokinetic
      stimuli, are interpreted as a typical transfer mechanism across two sensory
      systems.

PMID- 1079682
TI  - Serotonergic and antiserotonergic influences on apomorphine-induced stereotyped
      behaviour.

PMID- 1079683
TI  - Pharmacokinetic studies of metoprolol-(3-h) in the rat and the dog.

PMID- 1079684
TI  - Tissue distribution of metoprolol-(3-h) in the mouse and the rat.

PMID- 1079685
TI  - Metabolism of metoprolol-(3-h) in man, the dog and the rat.

PMID- 1079686
TI  - Quantitative determination of metoprolol in plasma and urine by gas
      chromatography.

PMID- 1079687
TI  - Comparative bioavailability and effect studies on metoprolol administered as
      ordinary and slow-release tablets in single and multiple doses.

PMID- 1079688
TI  - Influence of metoprolol and propranolol on hemodynamic effects induced by
      adrenaline and physical work.

PMID- 1079689
TI  - Toxicological studies on metoprolol.

PMID- 1079690
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity against certain parasitic worms.

PMID- 1079691
TI  - Severe Haemophilus influenzae infections.
AB  - From May 1973 thorugh April 1974, a total of 83 children with severe Haemophilus
      influenzae infections were treated in three Denver pediatric hospitals. Although
      meningitis was the most common clinical manifestation (45 cases), other foci of
      infection were also noted (pneumonia, 12 cases; cheek cellulitis, eight cases;
      epiglottitis, eight cases; empyema, seven cases; pericarditis, three cases;
      arthritis, one case; periorbital cellulitis, one case; and abscess, one case).
      Nine children had positive blood cultures with H influenzae without an initial
      detectable focus of infection. Two patients developed clinically apparent sites
      of infection (osteomyelitis and scalp abscesses).

PMID- 1079692
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Diagnosis by lung biopsy.
AB  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was suspected in 52 patients who underwent lung
      biopsy for diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. All but five of the
      procedures were limited thoracotomies. There were no instances of significant
      postoperative hemorrage or of pneumothorax compromising ventilation. The
      diagnosis of P. carinii pneumonia was made rapidly from imprints of the lung
      stained by the Gram-Weigert method in the 18 patients who had P. carinii
      pneumonia. Over-all, the rate of recovery from Pneumocystis pneumonia after
      treatment with pentamidine isethionate was 41 percent. However, among patients
      with no other pulmonary lesion (group A), the survival rate was 58 per cent; none
      of the patients with coexisting pulmonary disease (group B) recovered. The
      pulmonary infiltrates in the other 32 patients represented a variety of
      processes, of which 5 were fungal infections and 5 were due to lymphoma. Fifteen
      patients had an organizing interstitial and intraalveolar pneumonia of
      undertermined origin.

PMID- 1079693
TI  - Ocular manifestations of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - We followed 210 cases of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis closely for eleven years.
      Thirty-six of the 210 patients (17.2%) developed iridocyclitis. Iridocyclitis was
      seen most frequently in young female patients (0 to 4 years) with the
      monoarticular or pauciatricular form of the arthritis. However, 30% of the
      patients developed uveitis after 16 years of age. Although 61% of patients had a
      noncontributory ocular history on entry, 42% had active uveitis on entry. Our
      approach was effective in detecting uveitis in new cases and exacerbations of
      uveitis in established cases. Forty-four percent of patients with uveitis had one
      or more identifiable signs or symptoms, such as red eye, ocular pain, decreased
      visual acuity, or photophobia, in order of decreasing frequency. Even after early
      detection and prompt treatment, 41% of cases of uveitis did not respond to more
      than six months of intensive topical treatment with corticosteroids and
      mydriatics. Despite this, there was a dramatic decrease in the 50% incidence of
      blinding complications of uveitis cited in earlier studies. Cataract and band
      keratopathy occurred in only 22 and 13% of our group, respectively. We used
      chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine in 173 of 210 cases and found only one case of
      chorioretinopathy attributable to these drugs. Systemically administered
      corticosteroids were used in 75 of 210 cases; a significant number of posterior
      subcapsular cataracts was found. Typical keratoconjunctivitis sicca developed in
      three of the uveitis cases. This association with uveitis and JRA was not noted
      previously. Surgical treatment of cataracts, band keratopathy, and glaucoma
      achieved uniformly discouraging results.

PMID- 1079694
TI  - Pathologic anatomy of the thalamoperforating arteries in lesions of the third
      ventricle: Part II.
AB  - A review of vertebral and carotid angiograms in 59 cases of third ventricular
      pathology demonstrated that the anterior thalamoperforating arteries are affected
      primarily by obstructive dilatation of the third ventricle, dilatation of the
      third ventricle secondary to atrophy, intra third ventricular tumors, anterior
      and para third ventricular tumors, and hypothalamic and thalamic tumors. The
      posterior thalamoperforating arteries are affected primarily by midbrain atrophy,
      midbrain tumors, and thalamic tumors. The primary and secondary effects have been
      outlined. Understanding of the anatomy of the thalamoperforating arteries
      facilitates localization of the site of obstruction in hydrocephalus, helps
      differentiate obstructive hydrocephalus from ventricular dilatation secondary to
      atrophy, permits differentiation between tumoral and non-tumoral dilatation of
      the third ventricle, aids in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of intra
      third and para third ventricular masses including their posterior extent, and
      facilitates the diagnosis of thalamic, hypothalamic, and midbrain tumors.

PMID- 1079695
TI  - Angiography of tumors involving the posterior third ventricle.

PMID- 1079696
TI  - Filling defects and nonfilling of the internal auditory canal in posterior fossa
      myelography.
AB  - A review of posterior fossa myelography at St. Joseph Hospital within the past 5
      years is presented. Three false positive diagnoses have been found. Two of the
      cases were proved to have arachnoiditis, while one demonstrated a knuckle of
      artery in the canal. One case with large acoustic neuromas causing nonfilling of
      the contralateral canal is presented. One case with Type I intracanalicular tumor
      out of 40 acoustic neuromas in the series was diagnosed prior to surgery. The
      indication for posterior fossa myelography are discussed with a review of the
      literature.

PMID- 1079697
TI  - Angiographic diagnosis of intra- and extraaxial tumors in the cerebellopontine
      angle.
AB  - Angiography is an effective diagnostic modality in the evaluation of patients
      with suspected cerebellopontine angle tumor, particularly when there is not a
      clear clinical differentiation between an intraaxial and an extraaxial mass, or
      when the patient presents with increased intracranial pressure. In a series of 17
      extraaxial masses in the cerebellopontine angle and 2 cerebellar tumors which
      presented into the angle, the most common angiographic findings were: 1.
      elevation and/or medial displacement of the proximal portions of the superior
      cerebellar artery; this finding was seen only in the extraaxial tumors and has
      not been demonstrated with intraaxial masses; 2. downward, medial, and posterior
      displacement of the proximal portions of the posterior inferior cerebellar
      artery; 3. lateral displacement and stretching of the hemispheric branches of
      both the superior cerebellar and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries; and 4.
      displacement of the vein of the lateral recess and of the petrosal vein either
      downward and medially or upward and laterally.

PMID- 1079698
TI  - Paracollicular arachnoid pouches.

PMID- 1079699
TI  - Radiology of intracranial gas.

PMID- 1079700
TI  - Unusual features of leptomeningeal cysts.

PMID- 1079701
TI  - [Reaction of transplantation immunity in pregnancy with a physiological course
      (literature survey)].

PMID- 1079702
TI  - Acute proliferative retrolental fibroplasia: evolution of the lesion.
AB  - Infants with retrolental fibroplasia have been followed at the Bascom Palmer Eye
      Institute from August 1969 through December 1974. Changes occurring acute
      proliferative RLF were documented with fundus photography and fluorescein
      angiography. These are presented and especially those that have prognostic
      significance are emphasized.

PMID- 1079703
TI  - Cicatricial retrolental fibroplasia: its occurrence without oxygen administration
      and in full term infants.
AB  - Six patients demonstrating typical signs of the cicatricial phase of retrolental
      fibroplasia are presented. None of the patients had received supplemental oxygen
      treatment after birth, and three patients were full term with birth weights ever
      6 1/2 pounds. Two of the three premature patients had been born prior to 1901,
      before the advent of oxygen therapy for premature infants. It is apparent from
      these observations that retrolental fibroplasia does occur without oxygen
      administration and also in full term infants.

PMID- 1079704
TI  - Retinal detachment in retrolental fibroplasia.
AB  - Retrolental fibroplasia is a continuing problem in ophthalmology and may lead to
      retinal detachment. In this study, two groups of patients with retrolental
      fibroplasia and retinal detachment are described. The first group consists of
      youngsters who develop retinal detachment during their teenage years and
      frequently have not been diagnosed as having the disease until the retina
      detaches. Usually definite retinal breaks can be found near the equator and these
      are round or oval in appearance and without opercula. A second group of patients
      was noted to develop retinal detachment at an earlier age. The configuration of
      these detachments suggested a rhegmatogenous etiology, but retinal breaks were
      hard to detect because the peripheral retina was frequently obscured by a
      membrane or cataract. Additional evidence to support this opinion was provided
      when a small retinal hole was identified in one youngster whose ora could be
      easily seen. Because of the progressive nature of vitreoretinal adhesion in
      retrolental fibroplasia, it is advocated that youngsters with any evidence of
      retrolental fibroplasia at the time of discharge from the premature nursery be
      followed at one month, three months, and six months of age and at four-month
      intervals thereafter until the age of four years. If no difficulty develops by
      the time, yearly examinations suffice. Follow-up examinations are important
      because when prompt diagnosis of retinal detachment is made, the involved eye can
      often be salvaged with surgery.

PMID- 1079705
TI  - Oxygen toxicity in premature infants.
AB  - With the current state of our knowledge regarding uses, hazards, and dangers, the
      cavalier offhanded attitude which in the past has all too frequently
      characterized oxygen use in the premature is no longer acceptable. Sufficient
      knowledge and technical expertise now exist in spezialized centers which will
      allow maximal benefit at minimum risk from oxygen usage. Where such centers are
      readily accessible, the need for oxygen therapy should be considered as a major
      criterion for transfer from a lesser to a more sophisticated newborn care unit.

PMID- 1079706
TI  - The role of oxygen in retrolental fibroplasia.
AB  - The effects of oxygen in the immature or incompletely vascularized retina are
      conveniently divided into an initial vasoconstrictive and obliterative stage and
      a secondary vasoproliferative response that occurs after removal of the subject
      from an enriched oxygen environment. Vasoproliferation starts at the zone of
      perfused and nonperfused retina. The incompletely vascularized retina is uniquely
      responsive to these oxygen-induced changes. After vascularization is complete and
      the retinal vessels reach the ora, the susceptibility to hyperoxia disappears.
      The vessels in the temporal periphery of the retina have a peculiar
      susceptibility to the primary and secondary effects of hyperoxia on the immature
      retina. Ophthalmoscopic examination of the temporal periphery therefore should
      always be done carefully in the premature infant or in older individuals giving a
      history of prematurity. The indirect ophthalmoscope provides the most
      satisfactory instrument for examination. The incidence of retrolental fibroplasia
      has been greatly reduced following the incrimination of oxygen as its principal
      cause. Further studies are still required to determine precise blood oxygen
      levels that are safe for the premature retina and to discover other factors that
      may play a role in the pathogenesis or RLF.

PMID- 1079707
TI  - Fluorometric assay for 5-hydroxytryptophan with sensitivity in the picomole
      range.

PMID- 1079708
TI  - Porphyrin synthesis: some particular approaches.

PMID- 1079709
TI  - The mechanism of uroporphyrinogen biosynthesis.

PMID- 1079710
TI  - Alpha1 antitrypsin phenotypes in Northern Ireland.
AB  - Serum alpha1 antitrypsin levels and phenotypes were examined in 1000 healthy
      adults in Northern Ireland. The Pi phenotype M accounted for 87-8% Pi MS for 7-3%
      and Pi MZ for 3-5%. The percentages of the rarer phenotypes were Pi FM 0-3, Pi IM
      0-6, Pi SZ 0-4 and Pi Z--0-1. The range of alpha1 antitrypsin levels in different
      phenotypes showed considerable overlap. Pi MS, Pi MZ and Pi SZ sera gave mean
      levels of 81%, 61% and 40% respectively of the mean level obtained in Pi M sera
      and that of the Pi Z--minus serum, 5%. Two distinct types of anomalous pattern
      were encountered in sera from ten subjects.

PMID- 1079711
TI  - Simplified medium for ampicillin susceptibility testing of Haemophilus
      influenzae.
AB  - Recent reports of bona fide ampicillin resistance among strains of Haemophilus
      influenzae have emphasized the need for improved methods of susceptibility
      testing of clinical isolates. A simplified medium composed of only Mueller-Hinton
      medium plus supplement C (yeast autolysate and hematin) was used successfully for
      ampicillin susceptibility testing of 20 recent clinical isolates of H.
      influenzae, including six strains with confirmed ampicillin resistance. With this
      medium, susceptible strains were inhibited by less than 1 mug of ampicillin per
      ml, whereas resistant strains had minimal inhibitory concentrations of 8 mug or
      greater per ml. This medium can be used for either disk diffusion, tube dilution,
      or agar plate dilution methods of susceptibility testing. It has the practical
      advantage of simplicity of preparation and retains the light color and
      transparency of Mueller-Hinton medium. This medium can also be used for
      preparation of an inoculum suspension that can be adjusted to a standardized
      turbidity.

PMID- 1079712
TI  - Iodometric detection of Haemophilus influenzae beta-lactamase: rapid presumptive
      test for ampicillin resistance.
AB  - Strains of Haemophilus influenzae type b sporadically isolated from clinical
      specimens are ampicillin resistant due to production of a beta-lactamase. This
      enzyme which inactivates ampicillin and penicillin G is not produced by
      ampicillin-susceptible strains. Various characteristics of beta-lactamase
      production and ampicillin resistance of three H. influenzae type b isolates were
      investigated. A sensitive iodometric test was employed to detect beta-lactamase;
      positive results were obtained in 5 min with 10(9) bacteria taken from cultures
      on a nutritionally adequate agar medium. This simple chemical test will enable
      the hospital laboratory to obtain presumptive evidence of ampicillin resistance
      on the same day that H. influenzae is isolated.

PMID- 1079713
TI  - Effects of cordycepin on RNA sythesis in Physarum polycephalum.

PMID- 1079714
TI  - Proceedings: Defective cellular immunity in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1079715
TI  - Use of the activated coagulation time in intraoperative heparin reversal for
      cardiopulmonary operations.
AB  - Activated clotting time (ACT) was used in 300 consecutive patients undergoing
      cardiac operations to determine the adequacy of heparin reversal. Mean ACT prior
      to protamine sulfate administration was 9 minutes 40 seconds. A return to normal
      value (less than 2 min 10 sec) occurred in three-fourths of our patients
      following administration of 1.5 mg of protamine sulfate for each 100 units of
      heparin. Additional protamine sulfate was administered in 50 mg doses to those
      having abnormal ACT until normal clotting was obtained. Normal values for ACT
      usually coincided with clotting in the operative field. ACT proved to be a
      reliable guide to protamine sulfate administration.

PMID- 1079716
TI  - Beneficial effect of human growth hormone on stress ulcers.
AB  - Human growth hormone was effective in healing erosions and controlling hemorrhage
      in six of eight patients with stress ulcers. This approach was based on known
      beneficial effects of growth hormone on nucleic acid and protein synthesis,
      demonstration of deleterious effects of stress on nucleic acid and protein
      synthesis, and demonstrated protective effects of growth hormone on animals
      subjected to stress. Bleeding cessation within 24 hours of its administration in
      two patients suggests the possible role of additional mechanisms involved in
      hemostasis. In a comparable group of eight patients with stress ulcer hemorrhage
      not treated with this agent, six died with continued bleeding. This high
      mortality represented the usual outcome in our patients with stress ulcer
      hemorrhage. These observations need to be extended to additional patients with
      stress ulcers in a larger randomized study.

PMID- 1079717
TI  - Peroneal nerve stimulator in rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients.
AB  - Of nine hemiplegic patients having foot-drop who were test-treated with the
      Philips functional electronic peroneal stimulator, only three who tolerated
      continued use of the stimulator for five weeks had improvement in function.
      Findings in these cases indicate that to be selected for trial use of a
      stimulator a hemiplegic patient should fulfill the following criteria: (1) be in
      the hospital, (2) be ambulant with or without a cane and/or short leg brace, (3)
      have no severe contracture of the ankle joint, (4) have no severe spasticity, (5)
      have no obvious lower motor neuron lesions, (6) be cooperative and intelligent,
      (7) have no severe manual difficulty (he should be able to put on the stimulator
      without assistance), and (8) be able to tolerate the discomfort from the
      stimulation.

PMID- 1079718
TI  - Peroneal nerve conduction velocity after chronic electrical stimulation.
AB  - The effects of electric stimulation on nerve conduction velocity of the peroneal
      nerve via surgically implanted electrodes was evaluated in a group of nine
      hemiplegic patients. After a mean duration of 25 months nerve conduction velocity
      averaged 47.3 meters/sec in the uninvolved and 46.1 meters/sec in the stimulated
      (paretic) extremity. In a control group of ten hemiplegic subjects who did not
      receive stimulation, nerve conduction velocity averaged 43.1 meters/sec in the
      hemiplegic leg, and 41.3 meters/sec in the uninvolved leg. These differences were
      not statistically significant. Maximum dorsiflexion strength was increased in all
      patients following chronic stimulation.

PMID- 1079719
TI  - Problem oriented medical records: their impact on staff communication, attitudes
      and decision making.
AB  - A comparative, two-stage between hospital study involving university
      rehabilitation centers was undertaken to evaluate the impact of the problem
      oriented medical record (POMR) on staff communication, attitude change and
      decision making. Staff characteristics varied from one center to another. The
      semantic differential component of the project did not reveal any change due to
      the POMR in the staff perception of the medical record, the health care team or
      the various health professions. However, team function with respect to the
      management of specific patients improved in the centers which implemented the
      POMR during the time period of the project.

PMID- 1079720
TI  - Multiple, progressive, or sequential systems failure. A syndrome of the 1970s.

PMID- 1079721
TI  - Levodopa-induced myoclonus.
AB  - Twelve parkinsonian patients on long-term levodopa therapy developed
      intermittent, myoclonic body jerks. The movements consisted of single unilateral
      or bilateral abrupt jerks of the extremities and occurred most frequently during
      sleep. Although directly related to daily dosage of levodopa, the myoclonus was
      specifically blocked by the serotonin antagonist, methysergide. Levodopa-induced
      myoclonus may be related to intermittent increases of activity of serotonin in
      the brain and results from levodopa-induced dysregulation of serotonin activity.

PMID- 1079722
TI  - [Intraosseous injections and the osseous pressure in patients with rheumatoid
      shoulder pain].
AB  - Intraosseous injection of physiological saline or local anaesthetic (prilocain)
      results in a marked relief of rest pain in rheumatoid shoulder. 28 shoulders were
      treated in tis way and the intraosseous pressure of the proximal end of the
      humerus was measured with simple central venous pressure equipment. The
      intraosseous pressure tends to decrease after injections.

PMID- 1079723
TI  - Transfusion and pregnancy.

PMID- 1079724
TI  - Coronary artery reperfusion: effects of occlusion duration on reactive hyperemia
      responses.
AB  - In 24 unanesthetized dogs, we monitored reactive hyperemia responses in the
      coronary vascular bed after different durations of coronary occlusion and during
      coronary artery reperfusion. After two hours of occlusion, no significant changes
      in functional capacity occurred, evidenced by unchanged peak reactive hyperemia,
      reactive hyperemia flow and repayment of flow debt responses. With occlusions of
      six hours or more, these responses were impaired upon reperfusion, and remained
      diminished for up to five days. In those animals reperfused after two and six
      hours of coronary occlusion, myocardial infarcts were significantly smaller than
      those seen in animals reperfused after 24 to 72 hours of occlusion (4%, 14%, 20%
      and 21%, respectively). Thus, the effectiveness of any reperfusion procedure
      depends on its early institution when the coronary vascular bed has minimal
      change in functional capacity and the size of the infarct can still be reduced.

PMID- 1079725
TI  - Effects of cordycepin on RNA metabolism in germinating seedlings.

PMID- 1079726
TI  - A comparative study of the utilization of glucose, acetate, glutamine and GABA as
      precursors of amino acids by retinal of the rat, frog, rabbit and pigeon.

PMID- 1079727
TI  - Immunoglobulin synthesis by peripheral blood cells in systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - A study of the immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis by peripheral blood cells of
      patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, and
      controls was carried out. Synthesis was markedly elevated in patients with active
      SLE, whereas patients with the active SLE or RA showed normal values. Treatment
      of 3 patients with active SLE resulted in a reduction of Ig synthesis that
      correlated well with the disappearance of disease activity. There results
      indicate that the abnormal immune process in active SLE, characterized by intense
      B-lymphocyte stimulation, is associated with the appearance of more highly
      differentiated B cells in the blood.

PMID- 1079728
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in rheumatic diseases. II. Mitogen responses in RA, SLE,
      and other illnesses: correlation with T- and B-lymphocyte populations.
AB  - Lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweed mitogen
      were tested in normal patients and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
      systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), scleroderma (PSS), other connective tissue
      disease, and other illnesses. The relationship of lymphocyte response to
      diagnosis, therapy, and T- and B-lymphocyte populations was analyzed. Additional
      studies included the determination of proliferative responses of various
      combinations of purified T and B lymphocytes cultured with plant mitogens.
      Lymphocytes from patients with RA and SLE incorporated significantly less
      thymidine in the presence of plant mitogens as compared to normal and comparably
      ill subjects. Treatment had no effect on mitogen response. Responses to all three
      mitogens correlated closely in patients with RA, SLE, or PSS; no correlation was
      noted between the response to mitogen of lymphocytes in culture and the number of
      T cells cultured.

PMID- 1079729
TI  - Proceedings: Antibodies to DSDNA in patients with rheumatic disease other than
      systemic lupus (SLE).

PMID- 1079730
TI  - Proceedings: Detection of antibody to nature DNA (N-DNA): increased specificity
      for active SLE by using a synthetic N-DNA antigen free of contaminating single
      stranded DNA (ss-DNA).

PMID- 1079731
TI  - [The clinical problem of hereditary hemorrhagic diseases developing prolonged
      bleeding time].
AB  - Thirty-two patients with hereditary hemorrhagic diseases and a platelet
      functional abnormality were set apart from our group of patients with hereditary
      hemorrhagic diseases, and their symptoms, signs and hematological examinations
      were collected; the initial events and the age of the patients when they were
      obsserved, the main hemorrhagic manifestations during their clinical course, the
      clinical severity of the disorders, the survival of the patients and the
      laboratory test for hemostasis useful to make the diagnosis, were evaluated. In
      reference to bleeding time, thirty patients had abnormal bleeding time, but the
      other two had normal bleeding time.

PMID- 1079732
TI  - [Kartagener's syndrome in childhood. Report of 2 cases].
AB  - Two cases of children with the syndrome (triad) of Kartagener are described. One
      of them presented two of the triad's components; the other one, probably
      complete, as a part of a partial revision of clinical charts, corresponding to
      children with "situs inversus", from 1970 to December 1973, at the Children's
      Hospital of Mexico. The literature is reviewed, concerning this unfrequently seen
      entity, finding a great majority of reports in children, less than 14 years old,
      a positive family history and serious respiratory disease complications on those
      affected. It is important to understand the early diagnosis and treatment of
      these patients, mainly if they have upper respiratory disease, to avoid future
      onset of bronchiectasis. The genetical aspects, as well as variable clinical
      affections are mentioned.

PMID- 1079733
TI  - [Tuberculosis in children].

PMID- 1079734
TI  - Review of variations in origin of left circumflex coronary artery.
AB  - During the performance of 200 routine coronary angiograms, 5 patients with
      anatomical variants of the origin of the left circumflex coronary artery were
      found. The origin and course of the left circumflex coronary artery is described
      in each case. The practical importance of these variant vessels in patients being
      considered for coronary artery surgery is emphasized.

PMID- 1079735
TI  - The interaction of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and glucose: effects on the short-circuit
      current of frog skin.

PMID- 1079736
TI  - The interaction of alpha-1-antitrypsin with chymotrypsin, trypsin and elastase.
AB  - The mode of inhibition by alpha-1-antitrypsin of chymotrypsin, trypsin and
      pancreatic elastase was examined by a kinetic method. All three enzymes were
      completely bound to alpha-1-antitrypsin; therefore, the dissociation constant of
      the enzyme-inhibitor complex was too low to measure with these methods. The
      dissociation constants for the three enzyme-inhibitor complexes were estimated to
      be less than 5 - 10 minus 9 M. However, alpha-1-antitrypsin could be specifically
      displaced from Sepharose-bound elastase with an irreversible inhibitor of that
      enzyme. Additional experiments showed that dioxane, 20% (v/v), blocked 100% of
      the inhibition of elastase, 16% of the inhibition of trypsin, and 0% of the
      inhibition of chymotrypsin. The effect was reversed by diluting the dioxane to 1%
      (v/v). These findings indicated that alpha-1-antitrypsin was tightly bound to the
      three enzymes studied but did not allow discrimination as to the nature of the
      inhibition. However, the competitive mode of inhibition was suggested by the
      displacement of alpha-1-antitrypsin from elastase by an irreversible inhibitor of
      the enzyme that bound covalently at the enzyme-active site. The variable
      susceptibility of the enzyme to blockage of the inhibition by low concentrations
      of p-dioxane suggested that hydrophobic bonds may be important in the interaction
      with alpha-1-antitrypsin.

PMID- 1079737
TI  - Syncopal attacks as symptom of severe coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1079739
TI  - Letter: Inhibition of ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation by haemaccel.

PMID- 1079738
TI  - Antinuclear antibodies in psychiatric illness: their relationship to diagnosis
      and drug treatment.
AB  - Antinuclear antibodies occurred more often and in higher titres in psychiatric
      patients than in controls. Anti-DNA antibodies were not found. We suggest that
      antinuclear antibodies may be drug-induced and that lithium carbonate may have a
      particular tendency to produce this reaction.

PMID- 1079740
TI  - Editorial: Diagnosis of malignant carcinoid syndrome.

PMID- 1079741
TI  - Natamycin in genital candidosis in men.
AB  - In a trial of natamycin, an antifungal antibiotic in a vanishing cream base,
      assessment was possible in 66 men with genital or anal candidosis. The overall
      cure rate was 82 percent, In 43 patients with culturally proven candidosis it was
      98 percent. but in 23 patients treated solely on clinical impression it was only
      52 percent. Symptoms were rapidly relieved in those who responded and there were
      no side-effects. In our hands, natamycin 2 per cent cream has proved to be a
      valuable preparation in the treatment of candidal balanitis.

PMID- 1079742
TI  - Effects of sinusoidal rotational stimulation on the vestibular neurons of rats.

PMID- 1079743
TI  - Regulation of 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolism in mouse brain by adrenal
      glucocorticoids.
AB  - The effects of glucocorticoid hormone on the metabolism of brain 5
      hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were studied in mice. A single injection of
      hydrocortisone acetate (HCA; 20 mg/kg, i.p.) accelerated the accumulation of 5-HT
      in whole brain after inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity by paragyline. The
      hormone did not appear to change brain tryptophan hydroxylase or 5
      hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase activity. However, tryptophan levels in brain
      were elevated by 50% within 1 h after treatment with HCA. The effect of HCA on
      brain tryptophan levels was localized mainly in the nerve endings. In vitro
      synaptosomal preparations, HCA at 10(-5)-10(-7)M or corticosterone at 10(-5) M
      was found to stimulate the uptake of L-[3H]-tryptophan by the synaptosomes while
      androgenic and progesterone-like steroids were ineffective. These results
      demonstrate that glucocorticoids may directly act on nerve terminals in the
      regulation of 5-HT synthesis through an action on the uptake of tryptophan.

PMID- 1079744
TI  - The dimensions of the mucosa and the structure of the alimentary canal in Rana
      temporaria L. and Rana arvalis Nilss.

PMID- 1079745
TI  - The effects of morphine and halothane anaesthesia on urine norepinephrine during
      and after coronary artery surgery.
AB  - Urine concentrations and excretion rates of norepinephrine were measured in 28
      patients anaesthetized with halothane or morphine before, during and for two
      hours after aortocoronary artery grafting procedures. All patients were paralyzed
      with d-tubocurarine, intubated and respiration was controlled. Urine was obtained
      for 90 minutes before induction, during induction, before, during and after
      bypass and postoperatively. In patients anaesthetized with halothane, urinary
      norepinephrine concentrations and excretion rates were not significantly
      different from preoperative values until the postoperative period. Patients
      anaesthetized with morphine did not have urine norepinephrine concentrations
      different from preoperative values until bypass, when they became significantly
      increased. All subsequent urine norepinephrine concentrations and excretion rates
      were significantly elevated when compared to preoperative values. These findings
      do not indicate a mechanism but they do demonstrate that morphine anaesthesia is
      associated with increased urinary and probably also increased plasma levels of
      norepinephrine during and after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing
      coronary artery operations.

PMID- 1079746
TI  - Studies on the integrative activity of the vestibular nuclei complex.
AB  - Central mechanisms currently used in clinical vestibular tests are far more
      complex than generally thought. The first synaptic station, the vestibular
      nuclei, represents a sensory-motor centre integrating vestibular impulses with
      proprioceptive afferents from muscles and joints. This convergence can be found
      on cells with long axons projecting to the oculo-motor system, to the spinal cord
      and to the thalamus as well as on cells without long projecting axons. There are
      also vestibulo-motor cells transmitting pure vestibular information.

PMID- 1079747
TI  - Indolealkylamines in the coordination of nematode behavioral activities.

PMID- 1079748
TI  - Ampicillin-resistant strains of Hemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1079749
TI  - Intra-aortic balloon pump.

PMID- 1079750
TI  - [Periaortic denervation in the reconstruction of coronary arteries. Experimental
      clinical study].

PMID- 1079751
TI  - Surface immunoglobulin of mouse thymus cells. Antibody-induced changes in its
      biosynthesis and release.

PMID- 1079752
TI  - The recovery of spleen-seeking and lymph-node-seeking thymus subpopulations
      following cortisol administration.

PMID- 1079753
TI  - Human lymphocyte dependent antibody mediated cytotoxicity: adherence of
      lymphocytes to antibody treated target cells.

PMID- 1079754
TI  - B Cells in the appendix and other lymphoid organs of the rabbit: stimulation of
      DNA synthesis by anti-immunoglobulin.

PMID- 1079755
TI  - In vitro induction of IgM synthesis and secretion in rabbit spleen cells by
      soluble concanavalin A.

PMID- 1079756
TI  - B Cell heterogeneity - difference in the size of B lymphocytes responding to T
      dependent and T independent antigens.

PMID- 1079757
TI  - A suppressor cell which interferes with antiallotype stimulated DNA synthesis of
      rabbit B cells.

PMID- 1079758
TI  - [Delivery of the third pregnancy-time and of timely after-birth period in
      multifoetal gravidity].

PMID- 1079759
TI  - Immunodeficiency states relevant to infection.

PMID- 1079760
TI  - LDH isozymes of human T and B lymphocytes.
AB  - Peripheral lymphocytes were obtained from five normal healthy adults. T and B
      lymphocytes were separated by rosette formation. LDH (L-lactate: NAD-+
      oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.27) isozymes were studied on both populations after agar
      gel electrophoresis. The mean B lymphocyte pattern was: LDH-1, 7.2%; LDH-2,
      25.0%; LDH-3, 39.2%; LDH-4, 21.9%; LDH-5, 6.6%. The mean T lymphocyte pattern
      was: LDH-1, 25.8%; LDH-2, 35.1%; LDH-3, 28.3%; LDH-4, 9.4%, LDH-5, 1.3%. This
      makes the T lymphocytes look more aerobic than the B lymphocytes. Daudicells had
      the following pattern: LDH-1, 8.4%; LDH-2, 19.1%; LDH-3, 26.6%, LDH-4, 24.9%; LDH
      5, 20.9%.

PMID- 1079761
TI  - Purification and comparative properties of glutamate dehydrogenase from frog and
      tadpole liver.

PMID- 1079762
TI  - Comparative studies on the temperature dependence of lactic and malic
      dehydrogenase from a homeotherm, guinea pig (Cavia porcellus); two hibernators,
      hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) and bat (Nyctalus noctula); and two poikilotherms,
      frog (Rana temporaria) and cod (Gadus callarias).

PMID- 1079763
TI  - Seasonal variation in hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity of
      bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana.

PMID- 1079764
TI  - Complications in colonoscopy.

PMID- 1079765
TI  - [Letter: Quincke's edema].

PMID- 1079766
TI  - [Letter: Anticoagulant therapy following aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1079767
TI  - [Exulceratio simplex Dieulafoy].

PMID- 1079768
TI  - The two human trypsinogens. Inhibition spectra of the two human trypsins derived
      from their purified zymogens.
AB  - The two human anionic trypsinogens 1 and 2 were purified from human pancreatic
      juice by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and by chromatography on DEAE
      cellulose. After activation of their respective zymogens by porcine enterokinase,
      human trypsins 1 and 2 were studied for their reaction with a wide variety of
      proteinase inhibitors. Kunitz pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and human pancreatic
      secretory trypsin inhibitor completely inhibited both human trypsins at a
      stoichiometric inhibitor-to-enzyme ratio of one to one. In contrast, bovine
      pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (Kazal's inhibitor) failed to inhibit
      either human trypsin. The inhibition of both human trypsins by porcine pancreatic
      secretory trypsin inhibitor was demonstrated. The reactions of the trypsins with
      chicken ovomucoid, Ascaris lumbricoides (type suis), human sperm and blood plasma
      trypsin inhibitors were studied. The most striking difference between the two
      human trypsins was the reaction with soybean trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz). Trypsin
      2 was completely inhibited in a one-to-one molar ratio while trypsin 1 was poorly
      inhibited. The presence of a prekallikrein in human pancreatic juice is
      discussed.

PMID- 1079769
TI  - Studies on bacteriophage M13 DNA. 1. A cleavage map of the M13 genome.
AB  - A physical map of the bacteriophage M13 genome has been constructed on the basis
      of specific cleavage of M13 replicative form DNA by bacterial restriction
      endonucleases. The 13 fragments produced by the enzyme from Haemophilus
      aphirophilus (endonuclease R.Hap II) as well as the 10 fragments produced by the
      enzyme from Haemophilus aegyptius (endonuclease R.Hae III) have been ordered by
      analysis of partial digest products and by analysis of overlapping sets of
      fragments. In addition, the single site in M13 replicative form DNA cleaved by
      the restriction enzyme from Haemophilus influenzae Rd (endonuclease R.Hin dII)
      has been located more precisely. With this unique site as a reference point, the
      H. aphirophilus cleavage sites and the H. aegyptius cleavage sites have been
      localized on the map.

PMID- 1079770
TI  - Potentiation and arming of lymphocyte mediated immunity by sera from melanoma
      patients.

PMID- 1079771
TI  - Distribution of sialic acid in thymocytes, T- and B-cells of the mouse.

PMID- 1079772
TI  - Synthesis of chromatin proteins in resting and stimulated human lymphocyte
      populations.

PMID- 1079773
TI  - A search for habituation of vestibulo-ocular reactions to rotatory and linear
      sinusoidal accelerations in the rabbit.

PMID- 1079774
TI  - Effect of Trasylol on Paneth cells of the mouse.

PMID- 1079775
TI  - The direct action of adrenaline on the action potentials of bullfrog's (Rana
      catesbeiana) sympathetic ganglion cells.

PMID- 1079776
TI  - Effect of cholinesterase inhibition by eserine and phospholipase D on human T
      lymphocyte Rosetting.

PMID- 1079777
TI  - Blindness, deafness and vestibular dysfunction in a microwave worker.

PMID- 1079778
TI  - Mechanism of action of cholera toxin. Specific inhibition of toxin-induced
      activation of adenylate cyclase.

PMID- 1079779
TI  - [Responses of the auditory centers of the frog midbrain to labyrinth stimulation
      by focused ultrasound].

PMID- 1079780
TI  - [Pregnancy in teenagers (author's transl)].
AB  - In this study pregnancy, delivery and the newborn infant of 151 juvenile
      primiparas and 1034 adolescent primiparas were analyzed and were compared with a
      group of 3563 primiparas 21, 23 and 25 years of age. Regarding the obstetric
      history and the intrapartum period there was no increase incidence of
      complications among the young patients, however we found among the older women an
      increase in the incidence of operative deliveries. In the postpartum period it
      was noted that the young primiparas had a higher incidence of postpartum bleeding
      caused by atonia of the uterus and also an increased incidence of placental
      complications with a high rate of manual placental extraction and curettages. A
      positive correlation was found between premature birth and perinatal mortality
      and the younger the age of the mother. The newborn of the young mothers was also
      lighter and shorter at birth and had a higher incidence of malformations. This
      study has shown, that juvenile expectant mothers are a risk group for
      obstetricians and pediatricians.

PMID- 1079781
TI  - [Alpha-1 antitrypsin in chronic pulmonary diseases].

PMID- 1079782
TI  - [Immunological in vitro tests in the assessment of specific cellular reactivity
      in tuberculosis].

PMID- 1079783
TI  - Proceedings: Depletion of thymus-dependent lymphocytes in adult coeliac disease.

PMID- 1079784
TI  - Proceedings: Can eariler diagnosis reduce mortality in acute upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding?

PMID- 1079785
TI  - Proceedings: Bleeding oesophagitis due to enforced recumbency.

PMID- 1079786
TI  - [New developments in family medicine].

PMID- 1079787
TI  - Thymus lymphocytes. Efflux and restoration phases after peripheral exposure of
      mice to phytohaemagglutinin.
AB  - Juvenile Swiss mice experienced significant diminutions in thymic content of both
      small, non-proliferating and larger, proliferating lymphocytes within 12 hours
      after intraperitoneal injection of phytohaemagglutinin. These alterations, which
      may predate alterations in lymphocyte traffic and morphology elsewhere, were
      interpreted as being the consequence of a massive thymus lymphocyte emigration,
      not of in situ cytolysis, and were effaced by intrathymic lymphocyte restoration
      toward control numbers by 24 hours.

PMID- 1079788
TI  - Cell-mediated immune responses in Staphylococcus aureus infections in mice.
AB  - Delayed hypersensitivity to staphylococcal antigens was shown in mice repeatedly
      infected with Staphylococcus aureus. It was characterized by footpad swelling at
      48 hours with a mononuclear cell infiltrate and could be transferred to non
      infected recipients by T lymphocytes from infected animals, but not by serum.
      Recipients of immune T cells produced very severe necrotic lesions when
      challenged with staphylococci. This was in contrast to the protection against
      necrosis in recipients afforded by serum from infected donors. When both serum
      and cells were transferred into the same mouse the humoral effects overshadowed
      or perhaps inhibited those mediated by cells with resultant protection against
      staphylococcal dermonecrosis.

PMID- 1079789
TI  - Anti-DNA Investigated the DNA bentonite flocculation technique.
AB  - The DNA bentonite flocculation test was used to investigate the presence of
      antibody to DNA. In most sera a prozone-like phenomenon was found, caused by a
      non-specific inhibition of serum. Anti-DNA was found with extreme frequency in
      patients with SLE, chronic liver disease, acute hepatitis, infectious
      mononucleosis, and blood donors over the age of 60, but was found rarely or not
      at all in patients with some other disease or blood donors under 60 years of age.

PMID- 1079790
TI  - Modulation of T-lymphocyte function by B lymphocytes in delayed hypersensitivity.

PMID- 1079791
TI  - Cell-mediated cytotoxicity to moloney sarcoma in syngeneic and allogeneic rats.
AB  - Cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the primary immune response to Moloney sarcoma
      tumor (MST) in allogeneic and syngeneic rats was found to be predominantly T-cell
      dependent. A minor non-T-cell cytotoxic activity may also have been detected. CMC
      was presumably directed against tumor and viral related antigens in the syngeneic
      host and primarily against alloantigens in the allogeneic host. CMC was more
      virgorous in the syngeneic host. This may be due to differences in quantities or
      immunogenicities of the various antigens involved. Two peaks of T-cells in
      effector populations were observed during a 20-day post-inoculation period. The
      first peak corresponded to peak T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity on day 8 and the
      second peak occurred on days 13 or 14 when CMC was minimal or undetectable.

PMID- 1079792
TI  - Cellular basis for the immune response to methylcholanthrene-induced tumors in
      mice. Heterogeneity of effector cells.
AB  - Immune resistance to methylcholanthrene-induced tumors has two phases, an early
      specific and a late non-specific phase. Both phases were found to be T-cell
      dependent in vivo. Thus, adult thymectomized, irradiated, bone-marrow-protected
      mice bearing H-1 tumor isografts showed impaired resistance to challenge with
      homologous (H-1) and heterologous (H-3) tumor cells. In each case resistance was
      restored by injection of thymus cells. In vitro analysis of the cellular basis of
      resistance revealed that different mechanisms were involved in the two phases.
      The cytotoxic effect of immune spleen cells taken during the early specific phase
      was inhibited by pretreatment with anti-O serum and complement and by removal of
      macrophages. Neither procedure, however, interfered with the cytotoxic potential
      of immune spleen cells taken during the late non-specific phage of immunity.
      Passage of immune spleen cells through rabbit-IgG anti-mouse immunoglobulin
      coated columns (which yielded a T-cell-enriched, B-cell-depleted population)
      resulted in abrogration of cytotoxicity whether the cells were obtained during
      the early or the late phase of resistance. The inability of late-phase spleen
      cells to kill was explicable in terms of B-cell removal since T-cells and
      macrophages had been shown to be ineffective at that time. In contrast, the
      failure of column-treated cells from the early phase to kill was found to be due
      to removal of adherent cells rather than B-cells since cytotoxicity (1) was
      abrogated by passage through control columns coated with rabbit-IgG anti-sheep
      red blood cell antibody which did not retain B-cells and (2) could be restored by
      addition of immune macrophages (from anti-O serum-treated spleens). Taken
      together, these results indicate that the cellular basis of immune resistance to
      methylcholanthrene-induced tumors is heterogeneous. The early specific phase
      seems to be mediated by an interaction between T-cells and macrophages; the late
      none-specific phase, although T-cell dependent in its induction, depends on a
      different effector mechanism, possibly involving a cell or its products of the B
      lineage.

PMID- 1079793
TI  - Induction of specific changes in the surface membrane of myeloid leukemic cells
      by steroid hormones.
AB  - Normal mature macrophages and granulocytes have surface membrane receptors for
      specific immunoglobulin and immunoglobulin complement, which can be detected by
      rosette formation with erythrocytes coated with antibody (EA) or with antibody
      and complement (EAC). There are three types of myeloid leukemia cells, IR-+D-+,
      IR-+D-minus and IR-minus D-minus. IR-+D-+ cells were induced to form receptors
      for EAC but not- for EA by the steroid hormones prednisolone, dexamethasone and
      estradiol. Induction required protein synthesis and was not inhibited by
      cordycepin or vinblastine. Optimum induction required the continued presence of
      the hormones. IR-+D-+ cells were also induced by these hormones to migrate in
      agar, attach to the surface of a Petri dish and form macrophages. IR-+D-minus
      cells showed a lower inducibility by these hormones and no formation of
      macrophages. There was no induction of any of these changes with IR-minusD-minus
      cells. The steroid hormones progesterone, testosterone and cortisone did not
      induce these changes in any of the leukemic cells and inhibited induction by
      prednisolone, dexamethasone and estradiol. The results indicate that specific
      surface membrane changes in myeloid leukemic cells can be induced by certain
      steroid hormones.

PMID- 1079794
TI  - Photoreactivation of bacteriophage phi chi 174.
AB  - U.V.-irradiated single-stranded DNA-bacteriophage phi chi 174 shows a
      photoreactivable sector of 0-17. That this sector is relatively small compared
      with those for the double-stranded DNA-phages T2 and T6 (about 0-5) does not
      necessarily seem to be due to the pyrimidine dimers in single-stranded DNA being
      intrinsically a poorer substrate for the photoreactivating enzyme. This follows
      from the observation that intracellularly irradiated single-stranded phi chi 174
      DNA also shows a photoreactivable sector of 0-4 to 0-5. The same value is
      obtained for intracellularly irradiated double-stranded phi chi 174 DNA.
      Photoreactivation of intracellularly irradiated single-stranded phi chi 174 DNA
      is not constant with U.V. dose for the lower dose ranged. Possible explanations
      for this are discussed.

PMID- 1079795
TI  - Effect of X-irradiation on 3-H-glucosamine uptake by human embryo fibroblasts.
AB  - The incorporation of 3-H-glucosamine into unirradiated and X-irradiated (905 rad)
      cultures of human embryo fibroblasts was studied by light microscopic,
      autoradiographic and biochemical methods in pulse-chase experiments. The
      precursor was 3-H-glucosamine. In unirradiated cells the grains appeared in
      various subcellular regions in a particular order: at first over the Golgi
      complex, then over the whole cytoplasm and finally at least some of the labelled
      macromolecules emerged from the cell. The radioactivity emerging from the cell
      appeared to be protein bound. Due to the effect of irradiation, the uptake of 3-H
      glucosamine by the interphase cells was considerably decreased. The amount of
      radioactivity per cell indicated both the inhibition of cytoplasmic segregation
      and migration of labelled macromolecules from the cell. In the mitotic figures
      appearing after the release from radiation-induced mitotic block (approximately
      30 hours after irradiation), the grain counts were still considerably lower than
      the controls. The functional and structural radiation injury of the Golgi-complex
      was suggested by the less well-defined sequence of localization of radioactive
      macromolecules than in control cells.

PMID- 1079796
TI  - Lymphocyte depletion in peripheral blood of acutely gamma-irradiated rats.
AB  - Groups of albino rats were exposed to 200, 800, 2000 and 5000 R of 60-Co gamma
      radiation. Peripheral blood samples were taken from the tail at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24
      hours after irradiation. Calculation of the lymphocyte count per unit blood
      volume was made for each sample. Control rats were also mock-irradiated and
      sampled in the same manner. The time response of the lymphocyte count indicated
      that within the first hour, there was a drastic prompt drop. From one to eight
      hours after irradiation, the counts declined continuously, and from eight to
      twenty-four hours less rapidly. The depletion rates for the one to eight hour
      period were calculated and found to be statistically different for all groups,
      except between 2000 and 5000 R.

PMID- 1079797
TI  - Chromosomes and cellular radiosensitivity. IV. A new radiotaxon represented by
      the ferns.
AB  - Survival curves were constructed and D0 values determined after X-irradiation of
      single-celled germinating spores of 14 species of ferns, which had a wide
      variation in interphase chromosome and nuclear volumes and in DNA content per
      chromosome and per nucleus. A good fit to a line of slope equal to -1 is given on
      a log-log plot relating D0 to interphase chromosome volume. In a previous
      publication (Sparrow, Underbrink and Sparrow 1967), ferns fell into radiotaxon
      VIII, but the new data suggest that they should be assigned to a new group (VIIa)
      falling midway between radiotaxa VII and VIII. The calculated energy absorption
      per chromosome at D0 for VIIa is also intermediate between those for VII and
      VIII. If the value of this parameter is set at 1 for radiotaxon V, that for VIIa
      is approximately 32 times greater and the radiotaxa V, VI, VII and VIIa form a
      series 1 : 4 : 14 : 32. The new results indicate that radiotaxon VIII may have to
      be abandoned unless some other radiobiologically unexplored group (e.g. algae)
      fills the gap.

PMID- 1079798
TI  - Prophage inductive efficiency of alkylating agents and radiations.
AB  - The prophage inducing efficiency in E. coli K-12 (lambda) of a number of agents-
      alkylating agents and radiations--has been compared at a high survival of
      bacteria. The inducing effectiveness (per alkylation in DNA) and efficiency
      (compared with mutation frequency in E. coli Sd-4) was found to decrease in the
      order 2-hydroxyethylating agents (2-hydroxyethyl methanesulphonate and ethylene
      oxide) greater than isopropyl methanesulphonate approximately equal to methyl
      methanesulphonate greater than ethylating agents (diethyl sulphate, ethyl
      methanesulphonate). The low inducing activity of the ethylating agents could not
      be explained with respect to their reactivity towards targets of differing
      nucleophilicity, nor could the effectiveness in mutagenicity or the ability to
      break the chromosomes in the presence of metal ions be invoked. The high inducing
      efficiency of hydroxyalkylating agents may be related to their ability to break
      DNA strands.

PMID- 1079799
TI  - Effect of whole-body irradiation on transcription in the rat thymus.
AB  - Studies were carried out to elucidate the mechanism underlying the impairment in
      RNA synthesis in the rat thymus after whole-body exposure to X-rays (1000 rad).
      The ability of thymus nuclei to catalyse RNA polymerization in vitro was
      adversely affected in irradiated rats. Further experiments showed that whole-body
      irradiation caused a considerable decrease in both the activity of RNA polymerase
      and the template efficiency of chromatin but not in that of DNA isolated from
      chromatin. These radiation-induced changes in transcription seem to arise partly
      from the direct effect of radiation on the thymus itself and partly from the
      abscopal mechanism(s).

PMID- 1079800
TI  - Chain reactions and radiosensitization: model enzyme studies.
AB  - The influence of persulphate ions on the radiosensitivity of dilute aqueous
      solutions of ribonuclease and lysozyme has been studied under a variety of
      conditions. Rate-constants for reactions of the sulphate radical, SO4, with a
      variety of solutes and transient product spectra of some of these reactions are
      reported. The presence of persulphate ions in general enhances the radiation
      sensitivity; in nitrous-oxide-saturated persulphate solution, a chain reaction
      has been demonstrated.

PMID- 1079801
TI  - Letter: Some reactions of the hydroxyl adduct of adenine.

PMID- 1079802
TI  - Modern drug therapy in rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1079803
TI  - The value of colonoscopy in clinical practice.

PMID- 1079804
TI  - Methylase activities from Haemophilus influenzae that protect Haemophilus
      parainfluenzae transforming deoxyribonucleic acid from inactivation by
      Haemophilus influenzae endonuclease R.
AB  - Specific methylases that have the properties of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
      modification enzymes have been isolated from Haemophilus influenzae strain Rd.
      Two activities ((Methylase IIa and methylase III) were found to protect
      transforming DNA of H. parainfluenzae from the action of H. influenzae
      restriction enzymes. To determine the specificty of the protection, a procedure
      based on biological activity was developed for the separation and purification of
      the restriction endonucleases from H. influenzae strain Rd. Two endonuclease R
      activities presumably corresponding to Hind II and Hind III (P. H. Roy and H. O.
      Smith, 1973; H. O. Smith and K. W. Wilcox, 1970) were characterized by
      differences in their chromatographic properties, ability to attack T7 DNA, and
      inactivation of the transforming activity of different markers of H.
      parainfluenzae DNA. One endonuclease R enzyme (Hind II) attacked T7 DNA and was
      found to inactivate the dalacin resistance marker (smaller than 0.01% activity
      remaining) with only a slight effect on the streptomycin resistance marker (83%
      activity remaining). Methylase IIa treatment protected 40% of the dalacin
      resistance marker of H. parainfluenzae DNA from inactivation by Hind II. The
      other restriction activity (Hind III) was inert towards T7 DNA and inactivated
      the streptomycin resistance marker of H. parainfluenzae DNA (smaller than 0.01%
      activity remaining) without any effect on the dalacin resistance marker. The
      methylation of H. parainfluenzae DNA accomplished by methylase III protected 60%
      of the transforming activity of the streptomycin resistance marker of H.
      parainfluenzae DNA from the action of Hind III.

PMID- 1079805
TI  - Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of frog rod outer segment membranes as part
      of the visual process.
AB  - The light-activated phosphorylation of rod outer segment membranes may be an
      intermediary process controlling photoreceptor responses. We have measured
      phosphorylation of the opsin moiety of rhodopsin in isolated frog retinas and in
      rod outer segment suspensions and have demonstrated a phosphorylation
      dephosphorylation sequence in the suspensions. The results indicate that these
      reactions take place in vivo and may be physiologically relevant. Extraction of a
      protein kinase activity from rod outer segment membranes renders the membranes
      incapable of phosphorylation, but the light-activated reaction can be
      reconstituted by mixing the soluble extract and the "depleted" membranes.
      Illumination of the extract is without effect. Thus the light activation
      mechanism resides in the membranes. Regeneration of rhodopsin from opsin and 11
      cis retinal does not influence the phosphorylation. Once activated, the reaction
      may use either rhodopsin or opsin as the substrate. Furthermore, 11-cis retinal
      regenerates rhodopsin from phosphorylated opsin without releasing bound
      phosphate. The isolated rod outer segment which contains regenerated rhodopsin
      thus differs from one that is dark adapted in that phosphate can remain bound and
      the phosphorylation reaction remains activated. Dark adaptation in vivo must
      include at least two membrane associated reactions beyond regeneration of
      rhodopsin's spectral properties: dephosphorylation, and the inactivation of the
      phosphorylation process.

PMID- 1079806
TI  - Proceedings: Immunology and synovial fluid.

PMID- 1079807
TI  - Ultrastructural characteristics of the non-immune rosette-forming cell.
AB  - Non-immune rosette formation, where a non-sensitized lymphocyte is surrounded by
      three or more sheep red blood cells, is an in vitro technique which is thought to
      be specific in the identification of thymus-dependent (T) lymphocytes. Using the
      electron microscope and tissue culture techniques, we have studied the
      ultrastructure of the rosette-forming lymphocyte which has been stimulated by
      various cellular mitogens. Non-sensitized but stimulated lymphocytes, which form
      rosettes, have a morphology similar to that of previously identified T cells,
      adding further credence to the concept that non-sensitized rosette-forming cells
      represent a population of T cells. Changes in the binding pattern of the sheep
      red cell membrane to the lymphocyte have been identified which may represent an
      early phase of cell 'activation'. This marker of activation offers a potential
      method of studying membrane responses in attempts to localize cellular defects
      involving the T lymphocyte. In addition, preliminary studies using fluorescein
      labelled sheep red blood cell fragments suggest specific attachment of labelled
      membrane to the T lymphocyte, allowing rapid identification of T cells in smears
      or tissue preparations.

PMID- 1079809
TI  - Quality control of end results: identifying avoidable adverse events in
      dentistry.

PMID- 1079808
TI  - Human bone marrow lymphocytes.  I. Distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations in
      the bone marrow of normal individuals.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine the proportions and in vitro immune
      capacities of lymphocyte populations in the bone marrows of normal humans.
      Relatively pure mononuclear cell suspensions were obtained from bone marrow
      aspirates by linear sucrose gradient centrifugations. Simultaneous peripheral
      blood and bone marrow specimens from each individual were assayed for lymphocyte
      surface markers and mitogen responsiveness. Maximal possible contamination of
      bone marrow aspirates by peripheral blood was determined by performing aspirates
      on individuals who had received 51chromium-labeled autologous erythrocytes.
      Rhymus-derived (T) lymphocytes, as determined by the sheep red blood cell (E)
      rosette assay, comprised 8.6-(plus or minus 1.6)% of the total bone marrow
      lymphocyte pool. Bone marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes, as determined by the
      presence of a complement receptor, made up 15.4-(plus or minus 1.9)% of the
      lymphocyte pool whereas 74.6 (plus or minus 2.4)% of mononuclear cells lacked
      easily detectable surface markers. These findings could not be explained by
      contamination with peripheral blood lymphocytes since contamination was corrected
      for in the calculations. Lymphocyte-enriched suspensions of bone marrow cells
      responded to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin, concanalin A, and particularly
      pokeweed mitogen. In vitro incubations of bone marrow and peripheral blood
      lymphocytes with tritiated thymidine followed by determinations of E and
      erythrocyte antibody complement (EAC) rosettes were performed. Simultaneous
      rosetteradioautographs demonstrated that the proliferative potential of bone
      marrow B lymphocytes was greater than peripheral blood B lymphocytes (P less than
      0.01). On the other hand, the proliferative potential of bone marrow T
      lymphocytes was the same as that of peripheral blood T lymphocytes. These
      findings demonstrate that in addition to containing B lymphocytes the normal bone
      marrow contains a small fraction of T lymphocytes similar to the mature T
      lymphocyte pool found in the peripheral blood. These T cells most probably enter
      the bone marrow parenchyma as part of the normal recirculating lymphocyte pool.

PMID- 1079810
TI  - Increased affinity of guinea pig thymocytes and thymus-dependent lymphocytes for
      papain-treated rabbit erythrocytes compared to untreated erythrocytes.
AB  - The affinity of guinea pig thymocytes and peripheral T lymphocytes for rabbit
      erythrocytes was found to be enhanced following treatment of the erythrocytes
      with papain. By increasing the numbers of rosette-forming cells and giving
      stronger, more stable rosettes, this procedure increases the usefulness of the
      reaction as a T cell marker in guinea pigs.

PMID- 1079811
TI  - Diagnosing tuberculosis in children.

PMID- 1079812
TI  - [Experimental study on aorto-coronary bypass--coronary artery hemodynamics
      immediately after the surgery and left heart function in dogs kept alive for a
      long time].

PMID- 1079813
TI  - [Experimental study on aorto-coronary bypass graft--study of graft selection and
      graft healing].

PMID- 1079814
TI  - [Surgery for ischemic heart disease in Japan (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079815
TI  - Letter: Fee discrimination.

PMID- 1079817
TI  - Letter: Whose rights?

PMID- 1079816
TI  - Letter: Inadequate report.

PMID- 1079818
TI  - Consent in pediatric medical experimentation.

PMID- 1079819
TI  - Answers can and must be found to the malpractice situation.

PMID- 1079820
TI  - Medical injury insurance--proposed model legislation.

PMID- 1079821
TI  - It takes more than insurance to protect against malpractice suits.

PMID- 1079822
TI  - State laws regulating the practice of acupuncture.

PMID- 1079823
TI  - Editorial: A proposal for change.

PMID- 1079824
TI  - Editorial: On malpractice prevention.

PMID- 1079825
TI  - Letter: Research moratorium.

PMID- 1079826
TI  - Letter: Opinion is property.

PMID- 1079827
TI  - Letter: Better distribution.

PMID- 1079828
TI  - The physician's obligation to testify.

PMID- 1079829
TI  - Will common delivery techniques soon become malpractice?

PMID- 1079830
TI  - Child abuse: the physician's responsibility.

PMID- 1079832
TI  - Professional liability of physicians to third parties.

PMID- 1079831
TI  - Legislators react to the medical malpractice problem.

PMID- 1079833
TI  - The medical device bill most likely to succeed.

PMID- 1079834
TI  - Editorial: The medical malpractice crisis.

PMID- 1079835
TI  - New pension reform law changes tax benefits of incorporation.

PMID- 1079836
TI  - Letter: Malpractice "guilt".

PMID- 1079837
TI  - Query & comment.

PMID- 1079838
TI  - Tax penalties are levied on personal holding companies.

PMID- 1079840
TI  - Information feedback might avert medical mishaps.

PMID- 1079839
TI  - Indiana adopts malpractice legislation.

PMID- 1079841
TI  - Malpractice insurance: claims-made policies pose a new dilemma.

PMID- 1079842
TI  - The Emergency Medical Services Systems Act of 1973.

PMID- 1079843
TI  - Editorial: Is a clearing visible in the malpractice crisis?

PMID- 1079844
TI  - The changing doctrine of criminal responsibility.

PMID- 1079845
TI  - Letter: The Edelin decision.

PMID- 1079846
TI  - Letter: Pregnancy testing.

PMID- 1079847
TI  - Growth properties and alloantigenic expression of murine lymphoblastoid cell
      lines.
AB  - Murine lymphoblastoid cell lines were evaluated for their expression of Thy-1 and
      thymus leukemia (TL) differentiation alloantigens.  Two culture conditions were
      shown to affect this expression.  Cells grown in fetal bovine serum (FBS)
      enriched medium expressed up to 15 times the amount of TL as cells grown in horse
      serum (HS)-enriched medium.  Thy-1 expression was less affected by the type of
      serum used for culture.  The phase of growth when the cells were harvested, was
      demonstrated to affect the expression of Thy-1.  The expression of Thy-1.2 for
      one cell line examined, L-251A, during logarithmic growth was threefold greater
      than cells collected during either lag or stationary growth.  When culture
      conditions were standardized a ranking of the amount of Thy-1 and TL expressed by
      several cell lines was made.  All cell lines, except one, L-1210, expressed Thy
      1.  There was a 450-fold difference in the expression of Thy-1 between the cell
      lines evaluated.  Seven cell lines expressed TL-1,2,3 with a ninefold difference
      in the amount of expression.  The L-251A cell line was cultured in a 14 liter
      fermentor for a 26 day period.  During this time TL and Thy-1 expression did not
      vary significantly, demonstrating that lymphoblastoid cell lines can be cultured
      on a continuous basis and will continue to express their surface alloantigens.

PMID- 1079848
TI  - On the role of the H-2 histocompatibility complex in determining the specificity
      of cytotoxic effector cells sensitized against syngeneic trinitrophenyl-modified
      targets.
AB  - Spleen cells cultured with syngeneic trinitrophenyl (TNP)-modified stimulator
      cells display a cytotoxic effect against syngeneic TNP-modified targets, but not
      against modified targets from unrelated H-2 haplotypes.  Targets that share the K
      and I region of the H-2 complex with the stimulator (or effector) cell are lysed
      to the same extent as the specific targets, while targets that share the I region
      only are not.  When only the D region is shared, a weak cytotoxic effect is
      observed.  Therefore, the stimulator (or effector) and target cell must share the
      K or D but not the I region of the H-2 complex in order for optimal cytotoxicity
      to occur.  Spleen cells sensitized to irradiated TNP-modified H-2-allogeneic
      cells are cytotoxic to these specific cells.  Coculture of F1 hybrid cells with
      irradiated TNP-modified parental cells result in a cytotoxic effect against only
      those specific parental cells and not TNP-modified cells from the other parent. 
      The cytotoxic effect of the F1 effector cells in the cell-mediated lympholysis
      test is blocked by the addition of unlabeled TNP-modified targets that are H-2
      syngeneic with the sensitizing parental strain, but not H-2 syngeneic with the
      other parental strain.  These data demonstrate that the specificity of the
      effector cell in this syngeneic cytotoxicity system is directed against altered
      self H-2-controlled-gene products, rather than a requirement for sharing of
      histocompatibility genes between effector and target cell in order for lysis to
      occur.  The role of H-2 antigens in determining the sensitivity of a target cell
      to T-cell-mediated lysis is discussed.

PMID- 1079849
TI  - The role of macrophages in the generation of T-helper cells. II. The genetic
      control of the macrophage-T-cell interaction for helper cell induction with
      soluble antigens.
AB  - Helper cell induction to nonparticle antigens in vitro requires the cooperation
      of T cells and macrophages, but does not occur if the macrophages are allogenic. 
      The reasons for this were investigated.  Malfunction of allogenic macrophages was
      excluded by cultures with their syngenic T cells; suppressor cell induction was
      excluded by admixture experiments.  Thus, T cells and macrophages only cooperated
      if they were genetically similar.  The genetic locus (loci) involved was mapped. 
      Using congenic lines differing only at the H-2 complex, the genetic control of T
      macrophage interaction was localized in the H-2 region.  Mice with intra H-2
      recombinants were used to map the T-macrophage interaction locus in the I-A
      region of the H-2 complex (formerly known as poly-D, L-ala-poly-L-lys. 
      Recombinants were also used to exclude the presence of another T-macrophage locus
      either the K, I-B, or I-C, SS-Slp, or D regions of the H-2 complex.  Genetic
      restrictions for T-macrophage interaction in helper cell induction was shown in
      mice of the H-2-k, d, b, q, s genotypes as well as in H-2 recombinants.  The
      possible mechanisms and significance of this genetic restriction are discussed.

PMID- 1079850
TI  - Suppression of in vitro antibody synthesis by immunoglobulin-binding factor.
AB  - Alloantigen-activated mouse T cells secrete a factor which binds to the Fc
      fragment of IgG and blocks complement (C) activation by IgG (immunoglobulin
      binding factor, IBF).  IBF was found to suppress the direct plaque-forming cell
      (PFC) response of mouse spleen cell cultures to sheep erythrocytes and to
      dinitrophenylated aminoethyldextran (T-independent antigen).  Purification of IBF
      by affinity chromatography on IgG-coated Sepharose columns led to an increase of
      the suppressive capacity with IgG, IgM, or Fab2 from IgG) the factor responsible
      for inhibiting the PFC response could not be dissociated from that responsible
      for the inhibitory activity of IBF on C-dependent hemolysis.  No effect was seen
      when cultures were pretreated for 6 h, or when IBF was added at 72 h.  These data
      are compatible with the view that IBF is a soluable mediator of suppressor T
      cells which may interfere with terminal differentiation of antibody-forming cell
      precursors.

PMID- 1079851
TI  - Feedback induction of suppressor T-cell activity.
AB  - Adoptively transferred carrier immune T cells interact with nonimmune T cells in
      recipients in a fashion which generates specific immunosuppression although both
      the immune and normal cells function quite well as helper cells when not admixed.

PMID- 1079852
TI  - Transplantation behavior of A.TH and A.TL T-cell lymphomas in congenic resistant
      and hybrid strains.
AB  - Seven spontaneously arising T-cell lymphomas originating in A.TH or A.TL mice,
      which are congenic for the immune response gene (I) chromosomal segment were
      described.  When transplanted into partner strains which were incompatible at the
      I region, the tumors were rapidly rejected.  Rejection was proposed to be due to
      the presence of antigens controlled by I-region genes.

PMID- 1079853
TI  - IgM-induced tumor cell cytotoxicity mediated by normal thymocytes.
AB  - In summary, we have found that IgM, from mice which have undergone regression of
      primary MSV tumors, will induce cytotoxicity against the appropriate target cells
      by normal splenocytes and normal thymocytes.  The thymocyte-induced cytotoxicity
      i

PMID- 1079854
TI  - Cell migration into the "established" lateral motor column in Rana pipiens
      larvae.
AB  - Neuronal turnover has been demonstrated during the period of differentiation and
      maturationof motor neurons in the developing lateral motor columns of Rana
      pipiens larvae. As determined by thymidine-3H labeling, cells continued to
      migrate into the lateral motor column (LMC)while there was a concurrent reduction
      in LMC cell numbers. Notably, cells in the lumbosacral LMC ceased to be labeled
      following thymidine-3H injection at an earlier time than forthe brachial LMC.
      This is consistent with a caudo-cephalic direction of development amongthe two
      pairs of motor columns in the spinal cord. Since neuronal turnover occurs
      followingthe initial formation of the LMC and continues after the maximum number
      of cells has beenattained, it is proposed that neuronal turnover may be a
      mechansim that allows for neuralreadjustment and refinement during spinal cord
      development.

PMID- 1079855
TI  - Prolactin-thyroxine antagonism and the metamorphosis of visual pigments in Rana
      catesbeiana tadpoles.
AB  - The relationship between prolactin-thyroxin antagonism and the metamorphosis of
      visual pigments in larval amphibians has been investigated using bullfrog (Rana
      catesbeiana) tadpoles. Althought prolactin-thyroxine antagonism is demonstrable
      by morphological criteria, ovineprolactin does not appear to anatagonize
      thyroxine-induced rhodopsin synthesis. The hypothesisis offered that prolactin
      thyroxine antagonism is the result of differential gene activities which are
      opposite in their physiological effects.

PMID- 1079856
TI  - The effect of prolactin and thyroxine on tail resorption in R. pipiens: in vivo
      and in vitro.
AB  - Thyroxine induces tail resorption in anurans both in vivo and in vitro. This
      event is accompanied by an increase in the activity of the hydrolytic enzymes
      acid phosphtase and B-N-acetylglucosaminidase. Prolactin treatment promotes tail
      growth and directly antagonizes the action of thyroxine on tail tissues. This is
      evident at the gross morphological level as well as at the biochemical level
      where prolactin inhibits the increase in activity on the hydrolytic enzymes that
      occurs during thyroid hormone induced resorption.

PMID- 1079857
TI  - Two cases of pneumocystis pneumonia with electron microscopic study.

PMID- 1079858
TI  - The formation of virus polyribosomes in L cells infected with vaccinia virus.
AB  - The fate of early virus messenger RNA in the cytoplasm of vaccinia-infected L
      cells has been studied during the first hour after infection. The RNA is made in
      the virus core structure from which it is rapidly released. It accumulates in the
      polyribsome fraction, where at least 75% is bound to ribosomes through an EDTA
      sensitive link. Three distinct structures have been identified as possible
      intermediates in virus polyribosome formation. The first is a ribonucleoprotein
      complex (RNP) in which virus RNA is associated with cellular proteins. A complex
      having apparently similar properties, is formed when virus RNA is added to a
      cytoplasmic extract in vitro. The other two structures may consist of an RNP
      moiety associated with the small ribosomal subunit, or with a single ribosome. At
      least part of the RNA isolated as RNP appears to be a precursor of the virus
      messenger found in polyribosomes.

PMID- 1079859
TI  - Isotope cisternography and ventriculography in congenital anomalies of the
      central nervous system.
AB  - The author discusses the value of isotope cisternography and ventriculography in
      the diagnosis of a variety of congenital anomalies of the central nervous system
      (CNS) associated with either hydrocephalus or a disturbance in cerebrospinal
      fluid (CSF) flow and absorption. In sincipital encephaloceles the techniques
      demonstrate CSF communication with the anomalous sac and the frequently
      associated hydrocephalus with occipital lesions. In porencephaly and cerebral
      agenesis, the isotope demonstrates ventricular reflux and remains in the cystic
      dilatation indicating abnormal CSF absorption; isotope ventriculography also
      reveals a delayed CSF absorption and the possible sites of CSF obstruction in
      Arnold-Chiari malformations and Dandy-Walker syndrome. In addition to their
      differential diagnostic value isotope studies can be a helpful guide in the
      choice of the proper surgical treatment of some CNS anomalies.

PMID- 1079860
TI  - Neuroepithelial (colloid) cysts of the septum pellucidum.
AB  - The authors present two cases of neuroepithelial (colloid) cysts found above the
      diencephalic roof, occupying the space between the two fornices and the two
      leaves of the septum pellucidum, and describe the clinical history, neurological,
      and neuroradiological findings. Both lesions were removed through a right
      transventricular-transseptal approach. No other report of such a lesion in this
      location could be found in the review of literature. The pathogenesis of these
      cysts, both above and below the diencephalic roof, is discussed in light of the
      developmental anatomy of the area under consideration. In view of their origin
      from the neuroepithelium in the diencephalic roof, whether by a process of
      invagination into the third ventricle or by evagination into the velum
      interpositum, the so-called colloid cysts are more appropriately termed
      neuroepithelial cysts.

PMID- 1079861
TI  - [B.C.G. innoculation for newborn infants].

PMID- 1079862
TI  - Effects of massive doses of ergocalciferol plus cholesterol on pregnant rats and
      their offspring.
AB  - Ergocalciferol (320,000 or 480,000 IU/kg) plus cholesterol (60 mg/kg) in olive
      oil solution was administered daily on 1, 2, or 4 consecutive days to pregnant
      rats from 9,10, 14, or 18 of gestation.  The control animals received only olive
      oil.  Disseminated lesions of metastic calcinosis were found in various tissues,
      in the coronary arteries and myocardium, in the media of the abnormal aorta, in
      the lung and pleura, in the gastoinstestinal tract, and in the kidney.  This is
      in contrast to the atherosclerosis described in nonpregnant rats fed a similiar
      diet.  A significant decline in maternal weight as well as a high rate of
      morbidity and mortality was observed.  In mothers killed on day 22 of pregnancy,
      fetal and placental growths appeared significantly retarded suggesting a direct
      effect of the steroid or its more active metabolite, 1,25
      dihydroxycholecalciferol, on the fetus or the trophoblastic tissue.  Fetal bone
      lesionsassociated with a generalized retardation of ossification, placental
      edema, or calcification accompanied by a loss of the normal structure of the
      placenta and degenerative manifestation at this level were observed.  Moreover,
      we noted a striking alteration of the fetal face in 33-39% of experimental
      fetuses, called by us carnival fetuses.

PMID- 1079863
TI  - Ampicillin-resistant hemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1079864
TI  - Letter: Cause of pericardial effusion questioned.

PMID- 1079865
TI  - Vertical osteotomy vs sagittal split osteotomy of the mandibular ramus:
      comparison of operative and postoperative factors.

PMID- 1079866
TI  - [Quantitative findings in damped pendular rotation test (DPRT)--characteristics
      of vestibulogram and compensation process in peripheral vestibular lesions
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079867
TI  - [Cerebellar flocculus and vestibulo-oculomotor reflex (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079868
TI  - Pediatric endoscopy with flexible fiberscopes.

PMID- 1079869
TI  - Modification of sodium channel gating in frog myelinated nerve fibres by
      Centruroides sculpturatus scorpion venom.
AB  - 1. The effect of Centruroides sculpturatus scorpion venom on single frog
      myelinated nerve fibres was studied. Sodium currents through the nodal membrane
      were measured under voltage-clamp conditions before and after exposure to venom
      in Ringer solution 1-5 mug/ml. for 1-3 min. 2. Centruroides venom brings about
      repetitive firing and increased membrane potential noise. Spontaneous firing was
      also observed. Eventually the nodal membrane becomes inexcitable following venom
      treatment. 3. Under voltage clamp with a step depolarization of the membrane
      potential, activation and inactivation of sodium currents turns on, reaches a
      peak within about 25 msec, and then declines over several hundred milliseconds.
      As the amplitude and duration of the depolarizing pulse are increased, the size
      of the venom-induced current that follows also increases. 4. The venom-induced
      current turns on exponentially with a time constant near the value of the time
      constant for recovery from inactivation, tau-h, at the resting membrane
      potential. A depolarizing pulse inactivates this new current component, while a
      hyperpolarizing pulse leads to a larger venom-induced current immediately after
      the hyperpolarization. Its time course and membrane potential dependence indicate
      that the venom-induced current is modulated by the sodium inactivation process.
      5. The membrane potential dependence of sodium activation in some channels is
      shifted by 40-50 mV in the hyperpolarizing direction. Depolarization increases
      the proportion of channels with shifted activation gating by first-older
      kinetics. Following a depolarizing pulse the activation parameter, m-3, remains
      elevated for hundreds of milliseconds, allowing channels to reopen as recovery
      from inactivation occurs. 6. A kinetic model with normal inactivation gating and
      shifted activation gating in some channels accounts for the observed voltage
      clamp currents and for the repetitive firing evoked by Centruroides venom. In the
      model normal channels are converted to channels with shifted activation gating by
      a voltage dependent reaction. 7. The results suggest limits to possible coupling
      between sodium channel activation and inactivation. Transitions of the
      inactivation parameter, h, can occur normally in channels with a shifted membrane
      potential dependence for activation.

PMID- 1079870
TI  - Some effects of furosemide on chloride movement across frog (Rana temporaria)
      skin.

PMID- 1079872
TI  - The spinal cord of the frog as an in vitro preparation to investigate the
      acetylcholine output.

PMID- 1079871
TI  - Studies on convulsants in the isolated frog spinal cord. I. Antagonism of amino
      acid responses.
AB  - 1. The isolated frog spinal cord was used to study the effects of picrotoxin,
      bicuculline, and strychnine on the responses of primary afferents to amino acids.
      Recording was by sucrose gap technique. 2. A series of neutral amino acids was
      found to depolarize primary afferents. Optimal activity was obtained by an amino
      acid whose carboxyl and amino groups were separated by a three-carbon chain
      length (i.e. GABA). Amino acids with shorter (i.e. beta-alanine, glycine) or
      longer (i.e. delta-aminovaleric acid, epsilon-aminocaproic acid) distances
      between the charged groups were less potent. Imidazoleacetic acid was the most
      potent depolarizing agent tested. 3. Picrotoxin and bicuculline antagonized the
      primary afferent depolarizations of a number of amino acids tested with equal
      specificity. Depolarizing responses to standard (10- minus 3 M) concentrations of
      beta-alanine and taurine were completely blocked by these convulsants, while
      depolarizations to 10- minus 3 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were only partially
      antagonized. Glycine responses were unaffected by these agentsk; Strychnine
      completely blocked beta-alanine and taurine depolarizations and incompletely
      antagonized several other neutral amino acids. GABA, glutamate, and glycine
      depolarizations were not affected. 5. These results suggest that there are at
      least three distinct populations of neutral amino acid receptors on primary
      afferent terminals: a GABA-like receptor, a taurine/beta-alanine receptor, and a
      glycine-like receptor. The strychnine resistance of the glycine responses
      indictaes that the primary afferent receptors for glycine differ from those on
      the somata of spinal neurones.

PMID- 1079873
TI  - The interaction of lithium ions with the sodium-potassium pump in frog skeletal
      muscle.
AB  - 1. The effects of external Li on Na and K efflux as well as those on K influx
      were studied in high Na muscles from Rana pipiens. 2. In the absence of external
      Ba, substitution of K-free Li for K-free Mg resulted in an increase of both Na
      and K efflux. The additional of ouabain produced an inhibition of Na efflux and
      at the same time a marked increase in the efflux of K. 3. K permeability was
      greatly reduced by adding 2 mM-Ba to the incubation solutions. Under these
      conditions, Li gave rise to a ouabain sensitive Na efflux which was 57% of that
      in the absence of Ba. On the other hand, the efflux of K was only slightly
      increased and was not affected further by ouabain. 4. The activation curves of Na
      efflux against the stimulating cation concentration in Na-free Mg-Ba Ringer
      followed a more or less hyperbolic function for both K and Li. While half-maximal
      activation was attained at higher concentrations of Li than of K, the maximal
      efflux in Li was smaller than in K. 5. The extra Na efflux produced by K was
      increased when Li was added to the media. This increment was not a simple
      additive effect and was independent of the Li concentration. In addition, at some
      concentrations Li increased the ouabain-sensitive K influx, whereas at others it
      reduced it. 6. Reversible changes in membrane permeability to monovalent cations
      were accomplished by incubating the muscles in the presence of Nystatin, 50
      mug/ml. When internal K was reduced to values around 1-2 mumole/g (using Li as a
      replacement), thus minimizing the possibility of K leaking out of the cells, both
      Ko and Lio were able to promote a ouabain-sensitive extra efflux of Na. 7. The
      residual Na efflux in (K+Na)-free solutions was not affected by the removal of Ca
      from the media in either Mg or Li solutions, both in the absence and the presence
      of Ba. On the other hand, the values for the residual efflux were higher in Mg (0
      00228 min-1) than in Li (0.00135 min-1). 8. These results fully support the
      notion that Li ions have a K-like activating action on the Na pump in muscles. In
      addition, they suggest that some other kind of interaction may exist between Li
      and the Na-K pump.

PMID- 1079874
TI  - Effects of acetylcholine on membrane currents in frog artrial muscle.

PMID- 1079875
TI  - The role of the vestibular system in head-eye coordination.

PMID- 1079876
TI  - Induction of L-forms of Haemophilus influenzae in vitro.
AB  - The induction of L-forms of Haemophilus influenzae by penicillin, amoxycillin and
      glycine has been studies in vitro on a nutrient-agar medium. The minimal inducing
      concentrations of the antibiotics were generally the same as their minimal
      inhibitory concentrations, but the addition of a sub-inducing concentration of
      glycine lowered the minimal inducing concentration of penicillin. Preliminary
      observations have shown that L-forms are induced by penicillin or amoxycillin on
      a medium in which mucoid sputum forms the sole source of nutrients, and that they
      remain viable for at least 48 h in the absence of added osmotic stabiliser. The
      minimal inducing concentration on "sputum agar" is within the range of
      concentrations measured in sputum from patients receiving amoxycillin therapy.
      The implications of these observations in relation to bactericidal therapy of
      haemophilus infections of the respiratory tract are discussed.

PMID- 1079877
TI  - Aldosterone-induced moulting in amphibian skin and its effect on electrical
      capacitance.
AB  - The resistance and capacitance of the isolated amphibian skin have been
      determined from measurements of the response of the voltage across the skin to
      small steps to current. Previous work indicates that the electrical impedance of
      frog skin, when the skin is bathed with Ringer's solution on both sides, is
      largely determined by the properties of the functional outward-facing membrane of
      the skin, the outer membrane of the stratum granulosum (P.G. Smith, 1971, Acta
      Physiol. Scand. 81:355). This membrane can be represented by a resistance and
      capacitance in parallel. Aldosterone, which induces conversion of the s.
      granulosum into a cornified cell layer and transformation of the cell layer below
      into a new s. granulosum, also causes a transient rise in resistance and a short
      lived decrease in capacitance to about one-half its initial value. It is
      suggested that these electrical changes are caused by the transitory presence of
      two functional outward-facing membranes in series. The method of determining
      resistance and capacitance from the voltage response is discussed in the
      Appendix.

PMID- 1079878
TI  - Influx and efflux of sodium at the outer surface of frog skin.
AB  - The unidirectional Na influx j12, and Na efflux, j12, at the epithelial surface
      of the frog skin were determined under various experimental conditions. The j21
      was taken as the difference between j12 and the simultaneously measured
      shortcircuit current (SCC). Errors in j12 determination originating from various
      transport rates within the skin were kept to a minimum using a normalization
      procedure. Under control conditions, j12 (1.20 muEquiv/cm-2. hr) was found to be
      only slightly larger than the SCC (1.10 MUEquiv/cm-2. hr). After inhibition of
      the transepithelial Na transport by amiloride, ouabain, low temperature and low
      Na concentration, the reduction of j12 and SCC was almost identical, indicating
      that the entrance of Na into the epithelium is rate limiting for the
      transepithelial transport. Compared to the control, j21 remained unchanged after
      amiloride and ouabain, but was insignificantly reduced at low temperature and
      significantly reduced at low Na concentration. These data are consistent with the
      assumption that the Na efflux follows mainly an extracellular pathway.

PMID- 1079879
TI  - Aggressive diagnostic approach to upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1079880
TI  - Pulmonary emphysema and liver disease.  Occurrence in an alpha-antitrypsin
      deficient adult.
AB  - An elderly woman manifested both pulmonary and hepatic disease secondary to alpha
      1-antitrypsin deficiency.  The liver biopsy specimen showed the characteristic
      findings of this condition, most importantly, the presence of PAS-positive,
      diastase-resistant intracytoplasmic inclusions.

PMID- 1079881
TI  - The value of exercise stress testing.

PMID- 1079882
TI  - Chloramphenicol today.

PMID- 1079883
TI  - Myasthenia gravis and scleroderma. An unusual combination of diseases.

PMID- 1079884
TI  - [Platelet function: With special reference to collagen-platelet reaction
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079885
TI  - [Platelet function in congenital hemorrhagic diathesis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079886
TI  - [Serological study of arthropathy].

PMID- 1079887
TI  - [Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis-especially on the histochemical findings and
      electron microscopic obserbations (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079888
TI  - [An unusual hair follicle tumor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079889
TI  - Effects of tonicity on the resting tension in bullfrog ventricle.
AB  - INTRODUCTION: A study of the effects of hyper -and hypotonic media on resting
      tension were examined in ventricular muscle of the bullfrog was undertaken
      because only few studies on resting tension from the viewpoint of E-C coupling in
      the heart muscle are available. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thin strips obtained from
      the bullfrog ventricle were perfused in the sucrose-gapped chamber, which allowed
      the effective stimulation and the simultaneous measurement of the contractile
      tension and the intracellular membrane potential. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:
      Hypertonic solutions up to 3.0 T, prepared by adding NaCl or sucrose, induced a
      triphasic response,  namely an initial rapid decline, a secondary slow
      development of contracture and a final transient off-contraction. Both the second
      and the final responses were strongly sensitive to the calcium concentration of
      the bathing medium and were completely abolished by depleting external calcium
      ions. The initial decreasing phase was not sensitive to external calcium but was
      progressively augmented by increasing the initial muscle length, whereas the
      dehydration process, estimated by measuring the muscle weight, was unaffected by
      muscle stretch. The changes in the membrane potential were not essential for
      these responses. It was concluded that the initial tension decline results from
      the passive process due to volume change while the sustained contracture as well
      as the transient off-contraction are produced by some active process involved in
      E-C coupling. Hypotonic solutions induced a monophasic contracture which is
      insensitive both to the external calcium concentration and muscle stretch. The
      possible mechanism for the genesis of the response was discussed.

PMID- 1079890
TI  - [Calcinosis of the cardiac coronary arteries].
AB  - In patients who had died due to various diseases and also in practically healthy
      individuals aged from 10 to 79 years calcinosis of the coronary arteries was
      studied morphometrically and histologically. The incidence and the extend of
      calcinosis implicating the coronary arteries increased with growing age and were
      more pronounced in males than in females. In analysis of observations uncovered,
      irrespective of the cause responsible for death, a direct relationship between
      the area of calcinosis and that of atherosclerosis in grosso modo (correlation
      factor of 0.46) was noted; the diseased in consequence of diverse affections
      demonstrated considerable variations in the development of arterial calcinosis.
      More often than not calcinosis of the coronary arteries was definable in
      atherosclerotic plaques carrying an important fibrotic component, in cases of
      necrosis and in those marked by a low lipids content and poor vasculalarization
      of an altered wall of the coronary artery. Calcinosis of the coronary arteries
      occurred more often than did their stenosis on 50% or more of the lumen. There
      has been established a direct relation between the frequency of the coronary
      artery stenosis and the area of calcinosis. The latter usually appears as a sign
      of disseminated atherosclerosis rather than as that of a progressive
      atherosclerotic process.

PMID- 1079891
TI  - [Effect of trypsin-like enzyme inhibitor on certain metabolic processes in the
      acute period of experimental myocardial ischemia].
AB  - The effect of trasylol upon the activeness of proteolysis in the cytoplasm and
      mitochondrial-lysosomal fractions of the heart muscle was studied in the acute
      experimental period of myocardial ischaemia (5 days) along with a determination
      of the spectrum of the iso-enzymes of the lactate- and malate- dehydrogenases.
      For the evaluation of oxidation processes in vitro the iections. Trasylol was
      found to limit the proteolysis in the cytostructures of the myocardium cell, to
      increase the activity of the transaminases, as well as to help the normalization
      of thespectrum of the NAD-dependent iso-enzymes. At the same time, under the
      effect of the employed drug, the myocardial consumption of the radioactive carbon
      from the acetate Na-2C-14 increases.

PMID- 1079892
TI  - [Intraoperative hemodynamics in patients with pre-infarct stenocardia and acute
      myocardial infarct].
AB  - Intraoperative haemodynamics was studied in 31 patients with pre-infarction
      angina pectoris and in 3 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Twelve of
      them (3 with myocardial infarction) were subjected to a graphic examination of 12
      haemodynamic parameters. Aorto-coronary bypass procedures using autovenous grafts
      were demonstrated to improve the contractile function of the left-ventricular
      myocardium in this group of patients, as manifested in a decrease of the binite
      diastolic pressure, increase of the cardiac index and stroke volume in the aorta.
      Tracing the intraoperative haemodynamics helps in determining the immediate
      postoperative prognosis and in choosing the optimum regimens of drug therapy. The
      determination of the volume blood flow in the bypass with the help of a flowmeter
      is a compulsory procedure, since it permits an objective assessment of the
      adequacy of the conducted revascularization of the myocardium.

PMID- 1079893
TI  - [Comparative research at the "mesoptometer" and "nyktomat" (author's transl)].
AB  - This paper deals with the results of comparative reserach into twilight vision as
      found by tests at the "Mesoptometer" and "Nyktomat". The research population
      consisted of 168 persons. Their reactions at the test instruments during various
      functional tests are demonstrated by means of diagrams. While there is good
      correspondence between the two test instruments in the range of contrast
      essential for attesting night driving ability, differences can be shown to exist
      in the critical range of marginal values.

PMID- 1079894
TI  - [Action of different components of the kallikrein kinin-system on sperm motility
      in vitro (author's transl)].
AB  - In vitro experiments with human semen showed a significant increase of
      quantitative and qualitative sperm motility after addition of kallikrein at
      concentrations of 1 KU/ml. Stimulation of sperm motility was further increased
      and extended by addition of human serum as a source of kininogen. Kinins added
      directly also showed enhancement of sperm motility. In contrast, carboxypeptidase
      B, a kininase, significantly reduced sperm motility. The physiological and
      therapeutical aspects of these results are discussed.

PMID- 1079895
TI  - Hereditary alpha1--antitrypsin deficiency associated with congenital extrahepatic
      bile duct hypoplasia.
AB  - A child, two months of age, suffering from cholestasis and biliary cirrhosis, was
      found to be homozygous for alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency Pi type ZZ associated
      with high degree extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. The clinical, protein
      chemical, genetic, histological and immuno-histochemical findings in the patient
      are reported and the relationships between these two anomalies interpreted. An
      interaction between the very rare defects rather than random association is
      suggested.

PMID- 1079896
TI  - Hemodynamic determinations in the assessment of distal coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1079898
TI  - Narrowing the gap between medical and mental health evaluation.
AB  - Some of the problems facing evaluators of medical care have been dealt with by
      individuals examining mental health programs. Mental health research has focused
      more on outcome studies that include a multidimensional approach in evaluation.
      Techniques have been devised in that field that make the evaluative process
      patient specific and goal oriented. Borrowing some of these methods to make
      medical care evaluation include a problem-oriented outcome, which incorporates
      patient satisfaction, compliance with medical therapy, and relief of symptoms,
      could lead to more accurate data on the health delivery system.

PMID- 1079897
TI  - Graves--Basedow disease and immunity.

PMID- 1079899
TI  - Approaches to the management of fulminant hepatic failure.
AB  - This discussion has concerned the management of fulminant hepatic failure with
      stage III or IV encephalopathy occurring in a patient with previously normal
      liver function. Basic medical management must include special attention to the
      metabolic, neurologic, hemorrhagic, and infectious complications common to this
      syndrome as well as aggressive supportive care. Because the mortality rate
      remains high in spite of these measures, a variety of other approaches to therapy
      continue to be evaluated. These include corticosteroid administration, exchange
      transfusion, plasmapheresis, and the development of extracorporeal hepatic
      support systems.

PMID- 1079900
TI  - Chronic hepatic encephalopathy.

PMID- 1079901
TI  - Portal hypertension.

PMID- 1079902
TI  - [Autoimmunogenic activity of antigen-antibody complexes. 1. Isolation by means of
      molecular filtration of the soluble antigen-antibody complexes formed in vitro
      and in vivo].

PMID- 1079903
TI  - [The immunologic system of the small intestine].

PMID- 1079904
TI  - [A simple device for testing night vision].

PMID- 1079905
TI  - The problem-oriented system in a home health agency - a training manual. Visiting
      Nurse Association, Inc., Burlington, Vermont.

PMID- 1079906
TI  - Reactions to the problem-oriented system.

PMID- 1079908
TI  - Forms utilized in the problem-oriented record and instructions for use.

PMID- 1079907
TI  - The problem-oriented system in a home health agency - a training manual.
      Curriculum outline for training.

PMID- 1079909
TI  - The problem-oriented record-its organizing principles and its structure.

PMID- 1079910
TI  - Guidelines for training personnel in the use of problem orientation.

PMID- 1079911
TI  - The problem-oriented system in a home health agency - a training manual. Sample
      record.

PMID- 1079912
TI  - Release of packets of acetylcholine and synaptic vesicle elicited by brown widow
      spider venom in frog motor nerve endings poisoned by botulinum toxin.

PMID- 1079914
TI  - Editorial: Occult bleeding, anaemia and angina pectoris.

PMID- 1079913
TI  - [Emergency management in pulmonary and gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1079915
TI  - Cardiac surgery in Australia, 1973--a review.

PMID- 1079916
TI  - [Statistical data on tubercular meningitis (1953-1971)].

PMID- 1079917
TI  - [2 cases of angiohemophilia].

PMID- 1079918
TI  - Skin application of electrical impulses for relief of pain.

PMID- 1079919
TI  - Portal hypertension in a child due to extrahepatic block. Case report.

PMID- 1079920
TI  - Inhibition of the biosynthesis of 5'-phosphoribosyl-N-formylglycinamide in
      sarcoma 180 cells by homofolate.

PMID- 1079921
TI  - Molecular basis for the alpha1-protease inhibitor deficiency.

PMID- 1079922
TI  - Lysis mediated by T cells and restricted by H-2 antigen of target cells infected
      with vaccinia virus.

PMID- 1079923
TI  - Measles virus receptor on human T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1079924
TI  - Interaction antigens detected by cytotoxic T cells with the major
      histocompatibility complex as modifier.

PMID- 1079925
TI  - Proceedings: An improved technique for producing hemorrhageous erosions in the
      female rat: its application in studies on the role of histamine in stress ulcer
      pathogenesis.

PMID- 1079926
TI  - [Results of treatment of acute oliguric renal insufficiency in medical and
      surgical patients].

PMID- 1079927
TI  - A diurnal rhythm in melanocyte-stimulating hormone content of the rat pituitary
      gland and its independence from the pineal gland.
AB  - Resting pituitary melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) content was studied in
      adult rats kept under a controlled 14 h light-10 h dark regimen. A diurnal rhythm
      was found in pituitary MSH levels, showing peak values at 4.00-6.00 p.m., and low
      values during darkness and the beginning of the light period. The normally
      occurring fall in pituitary MSH content between 6.00 p.m. and midnight was also
      found in rats exposed to a prolonged photoperiod. Sympathetic denervation of the
      pineal gland by superior cervical ganglionectomy, as well as pinealectomy, did
      not block the rhythm in pituitary MSH, and had no effect on pituitary MSH
      content. In addition, melatonin administered i.v. did not affect pituitary MSH
      levels, either when MSH activity was tested on the Anolis skin in vitro, or when
      the in vivo assay with hypophysectomized frogs (Rana pipiens) was used. It was
      concluded that the diurnal rhythm in pituitary MSH content is not directly
      related to the light-dark cycle and is not controlled by pineal melatonin or any
      otherpineal factor.

PMID- 1079928
TI  - [Use of a bow-shaped divaricator in coronary surgery].

PMID- 1079929
TI  - [Thymolytic activity of chlorimipramine].
AB  - Chloroimipramine in vitro on human lymphocytes stimulated by phytohaemoagglutinin
      at concentrations from 1 to 10 g/ml leads to mitotic block. Treatment of normal
      or suprarenalectomized rats with high doses of the drug administered orally leads
      to a reduction in the weight of the thymus. The hypothesis that chloroimipramine
      possibly plays a part in immunitary processes is put forward.

PMID- 1079930
TI  - Maternal and fetal outcome associated with hemoglobin E trait and hemoglobin E
      disease.
AB  - A study of 20 patients with hemoglobin E trait abnormality and 8 patients with
      hemoglobin E disease in pregnancy is presented. The hematologic abnormality in
      HbE hemoglobinopathy is mild though hemoglobin values are significantly lower
      than in HbA patients. Fetal wastage is no  increased and the salvage rate is high
      (live births over 95 per cent). The mean birthweight of the baby in HbE patients
      is significantly lower than in HbA patients, but the incidence of prematurity is
      not significantly increased in HbE patients. Blood loss at delivery is not
      markedly affected by hemoglobin type. The incidences of postpartum hemorrhage,
      preeclampsia, and malaria are not significantly increased in HbE patients; the
      reason for the significant increase in incidence of abruptio placentae in HbE is
      not known. No maternal deaths or congenital fetal abnormalities were recorded. It
      is concluded that the course of pregnancy in HbE trait abnormality and HbE
      disease is relatively benign.

PMID- 1079931
TI  - Mycotic keratitis by Fusarium. A review and report of two cases.
AB  - World literature on the subject reports 112 cases of keratomycosis by Fusarium,
      including the two cases described in this paper and some personal communications.
      In most of these cases (60--70%) there is a history of trauma inflicted by
      vegetable matter or by foreign bodies introduced into the eye (metal, sand,
      stone, etc.). The different species of Fusarium isolated are F. episphaeria, F.
      dimerum, F. moniliforme, F. nivale, F. oxysporum, and F. solani. The treatment
      recommended in a 5-percent suspension or unguent of pimaricin (natamycin).

PMID- 1079932
TI  - Dyschromatopsy and unilateral glaucoma.

PMID- 1079933
TI  - [Significance of vestibular tonic reactions in the pathogenesis of motor
      disorders in infantile cerebral paralysis].

PMID- 1079934
TI  - [Immunostimulating effect of the sera of rats exposed to the action of high
      temperature].

PMID- 1079935
TI  - [Letter: Combination of a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor with 5-hydroxytryptophan
      therapy].

PMID- 1079936
TI  - [An artifice for placing an esophageal button in digestive hemmorhages due to
      varice rupture].

PMID- 1079937
TI  - [Colonic diverticulosis in the records of a Gastroentrology Clinic].

PMID- 1079938
TI  - [Studies on carrier state of Haemophilus influenzae in human upper airways].

PMID- 1079939
TI  - Retrospective normality. A comparison of the outcome of pregnancy of women booked
      in a GP maternity unit and a GP obstetric unit.

PMID- 1079940
TI  - Common gastroenterological problems. II.--Sliding hiatus hernia.
AB  - A sliding hiatus hernia is a common radiological finding and is not always
      relevant to the patient's symptoms. The possibility of an alternative
      explantation for the complaint of retrosternal pain or dyspepsia should always be
      considered, and when anaemia is present the site of occult blood loss is often
      lower in the gastrointestinal tract. The majority of patient's with symptomatic
      gastro-oesophageal reflux can be controlled with medical measures. Surgical
      intervention in cases of uncomplicated hiatus hernia should be recommended only
      after careful preoperative assessment and even then a satisfactory result cannot
      be absolutely guaranteed.

PMID- 1079941
TI  - Inherited eye diseases.

PMID- 1079942
TI  - Practical problems of defective colour vision.

PMID- 1079943
TI  - Acute pancreatitis.
AB  - A general survey of acute pancreatitis has been given, with the emphasis on
      diagnosis and management. Attention is drawn to the difficulties that sometimes
      arise in the accurate diagnosis of the acute upper abdominal illness and in the
      assessment of complications arising during the treatment of acute pancreatitis.
      The importance of the routine use of 'Trasylol' (aprotinin) during the acute
      attack is emphasized. The indications for operation are discussed in relation to
      achieving accurate early diagnosis, the management of certain complications and
      the prevention of further attacks. The mortality rate of acute pancreatitis has
      dropped considerably with improvement in the diagnostic rate and the routine use
      of intensive conservative treatment, but the prognosis of septic complications is
      still grave and will be improved only by the universal recognition that
      pancreatic suppuration is no ordinary septic process and that the timing of
      surgical drainage is critical.

PMID- 1079944
TI  - [Cytochemical analysis of leukocytes of children with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1079945
TI  - [Activity of serum hyaluronidase in children with tuberculosis and nontuberculos
      diseases].

PMID- 1079946
TI  - [Hemodynamics in adolescents with tuberculosis].

PMID- 1079947
TI  - [Bronchiectasis in situs viscerum inversus (Kartagner-zievert triad)].

PMID- 1079948
TI  - Effect of hamycin on plasma cholesterol of rat.
AB  - Hamycin, a polyene antibiotic, when administered orally with food or by a cannula
      or administered intraperitoneally produced a dose-dependent hypocholesterolemic
      effect on normal albino rats. A 50% decrease occurred in serum cholesterol level
      at 25-50 mg/kg oral dose of hamycin. No further decrease occurred in serum
      cholesterol level with increase in the oral dosage. Decrease in the serum
      cholesterol occurring with 0.5-1.0 mg/kg, ip dose of the antibiotic was similar
      to that observed with oral hamycin and suggest that the effect was possibly
      mediated through mechanisms other than those involving prevention of absorption
      of cholesterol through the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1079949
TI  - Time and dose influences on the behavioral effects of L-DOPA and 5
      hydroxytryptophan after inhibition of extracerebral decarboxylase.
AB  - The influence of time and dose factors on the locomotor activity and gross
      behavioral effects of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) and 5
      hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) were assessed a albino mice pretreated with the
      peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor, MK-486, L-DOPA caused stereotyped behaviors
      and a decrease in orienting responses and locomotor activity, followed at the
      highest dose by increased locomotor activity. 5-HTP caused a dose-dependent
      increase in orienting responses and locomotor activity followed after 90 min by a
      dose-dependent decrease in locomotor activity. Administration of MK-486 and L
      DOPA followed in the same animal by 5-HTP resulted in a diminution of the effects
      seen after either drug alone. This apparent antagonism may result from
      competition between the two amino acids at sites of membrane transport in the
      brain.

PMID- 1079950
TI  - [Protracted chronic rheumatism].

PMID- 1079951
TI  - [Nursing care of children with protracted chronic rheumatism].

PMID- 1079952
TI  - [Diet in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1079953
TI  - Some characteristics of women with abnormal cervical cytological findings.

PMID- 1079954
TI  - The Syndrome of Enlarged Vestibule and Dysplasia of the Lateral Semicircular
      Canal in Congenital Deafness.
AB  - A 5-year-old deaf-mute girl was shown on petrous bone tomography to have
      bilateral enlarged vestibules with assimilation of the lateral semicircular
      cannals, bilateral absence of the cochlea, aplasia of the left internal auditory
      canal with only the facial nerve compartment being present, and hypoplasia of the
      right internal auditory canal. The embryological basis of these inner ear
      abnormalities is discussed.

PMID- 1079955
TI  - [In vitro reactivity of lymphocytes obtained from patients with diffuse
      scleroderma].

PMID- 1079956
TI  - [Upper disgestive hemorrhage. Experience in a medical clinical service].

PMID- 1079957
TI  - Intestinal adenomatosis in the pig: a possible relationship with a haemorrhagic
      enteropathy.
AB  - An outbreak of a haemorrhagic enteropathy in a closed herd of pigs was followed
      by the appearance, in the same herd, of cases of intestinal adenomatosis. This
      paper now draws attention to similarties in the mucosal pathology which are
      present in the two conditions. The affected tissue showed substantial epithelial
      proliferation and retrospective electron microscopic studies of material from
      both these entities revealed the presence of bacteria of similar morphology
      within the cytoplasm of these epithelial cells.

PMID- 1079958
TI  - [Blind loop syndrome and hypochromic anemia: late complications of latero-lateral
      intestinal anastomosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079959
TI  - [The concept of tuberculin hyperallergy in pre-school children under conditions
      of testing with 2 u PPD].

PMID- 1079960
TI  - [Electrocardiographic pattern of myocardial inactive zone following surgical
      revascularization of the heart].

PMID- 1079961
TI  - [Symptomatic and evolutive characteristics of articular destruction noted in
      chondrocalcinosis].
AB  - Referring to 17 personal observations, the authors endeavour to clarify the main
      clinical and radiological traits of the destructive arthropathies occuring in
      patients suffering from diffuse, articular chondrocalcinosis. These arthropathies
      appear to be relatively frequent and older, obese women suffering from
      demineralization are more readily affected. The knees, coxo-femoral joints and
      the shoulders are principally concerned, and to a lesser extent the wrists, the
      trapezo-metacarpal joints and even the spine. The lesions can be polyarticular
      and symmetrical, be grouped in more or less random oligoarticular combinations or
      may occur in only a single joint space. Clinically, these destructive
      arthropathies give rise to severe pain and very marked functional impotence. The
      joints are swollen without any signs of inflammation. The joint movements are
      painful, stiff, and limited. Axial deviations are frequent. Radiologically, the
      lesions occur throughout the cartilage sheath, the inter-chondrial bone, and in
      the underlying epiphysary bone, in the form of massive geodes and massives loss
      of tissue substance. On the other hand, the process of reconstruction is very
      limited. In the patients studied, chondrocalcinosis was proved by the very
      characteristic pictures of calcic incrustations of the cartilage sheath and the
      fibro-cartilages, by the discovery of micro-crystals of calcium pyrophosphate in
      the articular fluid or, at biopsy, by the thickness of the synovial fluid. This
      chondrocalcinosis was primary in the cases. These destructive lesions were easily
      distinguishable from nervous or diabetic osteo-arthropathies, and from tumoral,
      infectious, rheumatic, or vascular changes. Thus, chondrocalcinosis is among the
      most common causes of osteo-articular destruction. It should be looked for
      systematically in all patients with lytic arthropathies of unknown etiology.

PMID- 1079962
TI  - [Artificial language, allowing the computer storage of case report abstracts.
      Applications to the study of a year's examination of 5650 patients in a
      rheumatology institute].
AB  - An artificial language that makes it possible to put summarized results into a
      computer. Application of this method to the study of the results of one year
      consultations with 5650 patients in a institute of rheumatology. The authors
      present the results of one year's external consulta-with 5650 patients in the
      Rheumatology Institute of the Faculty of Medicine at Paris Cochin. These results
      were obtained by computer using an artificial language that made it possible to
      record and play back a spoken version of the summarized data from the patient's
      histories.

PMID- 1079963
TI  - Factor XIII in a clinical material.
AB  - In 339 patients with various diseases factor XIII (FSF) was determined with the
      specific amine incorporation method of Lorand et al (1969). Normal values were
      found in patients with renal (216 patients) or liver diseases (33 patients), in
      39 patients with recurrent deep venous thrombosis and in 17 children with
      congenital cyanotic heart disease. Low levels were found in patients with various
      conditions, such as sepsis, multiple fractures and combustio complicated by an
      abnormal proteolytic activity (fibrinolysis and/or activation of the coagulation
      system with signs of disseminated coagulation). No correlation was found between
      the FSF and the fibrinogen values or the levels of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation
      products (FDP). Low FSF values were found in 4 patients with erosive gastritis,
      with gastrointestinal bleedings and a local fibrinolytic activity in the gastric
      juice. Although the FSF must be very low (smaller than 1%) if it is to cause
      bleedings, the low levels in these patients with many other coexisting
      disturbances in the coagulation system and/or an increased fibrinolytic activity
      most probably contribute to the increased bleeding tendency in such patients.

PMID- 1079964
TI  - T-Lymphocyte deficiency following adult thymectomin man.
AB  - 10 patients thymectomized about 20 years earlier were tested for delayed skin
      reactivity against mumps, streptokinase-streptodornase and PPD antigens. The T
      and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined. 6 patients were surgically
      thymectomized and 2 of the received postoperative irradiation. 4 patients were
      treated with only high dose irradiation to the mediastinal compartment. None of
      the patients responded to all skin antigens, 1 was positive to two antigens and 3
      to one antigen. The remaining patients were non-responders. The number of
      peripheral blood lymphocytes was slightly decreased in the patients. A
      significant decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes (p less than 0.005) was found
      in the whole patient group, and the depression was more pronounced in the
      surgically thymectomized patients (p less than 0.001). The number of B
      lymphocytes was unaltered. It is concluded that the abnormalities in this patient
      group reflect a T-lymphocyte deficiency. The immunologic status of the patients
      before treatment is not known. However, in 3 patients with recently discovered
      untreated thymomas no abnormalities were found. Thus, adult thymectomy in man
      seem to lead to deficiency of cell mediated immunity, indicating an influence of
      the thymus in immunological functions during adult life.

PMID- 1079965
TI  - The self-nonself discrimination: A one-signal mechanism.

PMID- 1079966
TI  - The nature of the inflammatory process in teeth-supporting tissues of patients
      with rheumatoid disease. A roentgenologic, histologic and immunologic study.

PMID- 1079967
TI  - [Immunological aspects of gastrointestinal neoplasms].
AB  - The mammalian immune system appears to play an essential role in preventing the
      development, and/or in controlling growth and spread, of malignant tumor cells.
      Antigenic properties of neoplastic cells and defense mechanism of the tumor host
      are briefly reviewed. The relative importance of immune reactions and other "non
      specific" means of host defense with regard to tumor development and growth are
      discussed in the light of available experimental and clinical evidence. An
      attempt is made to incorporate these considerations into a hypothesis relating to
      the development of intestinal neoplasms.

PMID- 1079968
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the anal canal and the anal margin].
AB  - 81 patients with tumors of the anal canal and anal margin treated at the Cantonal
      Hospital, Lausanne, during the period January 1942 to June 1974 have been
      studied. The morbid anatomy of transitional zone and cloacogenic carcinomas,
      subdivided into basaloid types, is related to the anatomy and histology of the
      normal anal canal. The average age of the patients was 66.5 years. The incidence
      of canal tumors was highest in women (71% of cases), but tumors of the anal
      margin were most frequent in men (75% of cases). The main symptom of anal canal
      growths in this series of advanced cases was blood on the feces; marginal tumours
      were associated with anal aching. Cloacogenic carcinomas of the basaloid type
      have the best prognosis; this is also related to the volume and invasion rate of
      the tumor, which are features difficult to assess. Melanomas have the worst
      prognosis; leiomyomas may grow like sarcomas despite their benign histological
      appearance. 18 patients had inguinal metastases, and only 2 of these are alive 2
      1/2 and 3 1/2 years after excision of the rectum; the volume and histological
      type of the tumor were unrelated to the poor rate of survival. In the light of
      this experience, rectal amputation is the most effective prodecure for all canal
      tumors and for most tumors of the margin. Radiotherapy by itself is associated
      with an unacceptably high risk of actinic proctitis.

PMID- 1079969
TI  - [Iodine ventriculography with use of positive contrast media].

PMID- 1079970
TI  - [Function of the left ventricle after aortocoronary bypasses and a-ter Vineberg's
      revascularization surgery].

PMID- 1079971
TI  - [Peripheral blood, thymus and PHA-transforming lymphocytes were studied by
      scanning electron microscopy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1079972
TI  - Improved myocardial performance following high 2-3 diphosphoglycerate red cell
      transfusions.
AB  - Twenty-two matched coronary bypass surgery (CABS) patients were randomly divided
      into two groups; 11 patients in the control group received CPD-stored or fresh
      blood (mean age, 5.5 days) containing 70 percent of normal 2-3 diphosphoglycerate
      (2-3 DPG) and 11 patients received 2-3 DPG-enriched previously frozen, washed,
      concentrated red cells (2-3 DPG 150 percent of normal). Coming off
      cardiopulmonary bypass, when given a volume load, the high 2-3 DPG patients had a
      significant increase in cardiac index (2.95 L. per minute vs. 2.18 L. per minute,
      p smaller than 0.001) at similar filling pressures. At this time body oxygen
      consumption, in vivo P50, red cell 2-3 DPG, and arterial-venous oxygen content
      difference were all increased, but P minus vo2 was normal. Improved oxygen
      delivery occurred without decreasing mixed venous oxygen tension. The results
      suggest that, with volume loading, function in the heart with coronary artery
      disease is limited in part by available oxygen. By decreasing oxygen affinity for
      hemoglobin by altering red blood cells biochemically, myocardial performance can
      be improved safely.

PMID- 1079973
TI  - [Immune adherence reaction in systemic lupus erythematosus and
      glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1079974
TI  - [Tuberlin test and cell mediated immunity].

PMID- 1079975
TI  - [Patho-histological findings on pulmonary biopsy in patients after mitral
      commissurotomy and morphometric studies of the upper and lower pulmonary lobes
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Histological morphometric examination of the lungs of 22 patients with acquired
      mitral stenosis and 15 control persons is reported. The quotient obtained from
      wall thickness and lumen diameter of the pulmonary venules gives a reliable
      estimation of the haemodynamic changes found in the pulmonary vascular system in
      mitral stenosis patients. The typical changes in the pulmonary vascular system in
      these patients were observed particularly in the lower pulmonary lobe and to a
      lesser extent in the lingular of the upper lobe. Biopsy of the lower lobe is
      preferable in mitral stenosis operations because it results in a better clinical
      diagnosis.

PMID- 1079976
TI  - [Electrode problems in pacemaker wearers (experiences with three electrode types)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 3 types of electrodes (Medtronic 6903, EMT 588, MIP 2000) of 123 patients are
      examined by following criterial 1. rate of dislocation, 2. development of
      threshold, 3. time of application. We found: The Medtronic has the smallest rate
      of dislocation, the lowest range of threshold and is quickly placed in the right
      ventricle. The rate of dislocation of the EMT 588 is still just acceptable and it
      also has a sufficient low threshold, but in comparison to the other helical-wire
      electrodes the disadvantage of being rather difficult to place in the right
      ventricle. The MIP 2000 has not proved to be useful due to its large rate of
      dislocation.

PMID- 1079977
TI  - [Valvular replacement in florid endocarditis. Report on 5 cases].
AB  - This is an account of experience with valve replacement in patients with active
      endocarditis. In four patients the aortic valve was replaced, and in one, the
      mitral valve. Indication for surgery in all five cases was heart insufficiency.
      Two patients died, one of acute left heart failure five weeks postoperatively,
      and one of brain embolus in the presence of persisting acute endocarditis, four
      months postoperatively. Covered in the discussion are other indications for valve
      replacement in the presence of acute endocarditis, namely, serial emboli, fungus
      endocarditis, resistance to and toxic reactions of antibiotics, and mycotic sinus
      of valsava aneurysm. In conclusion, results obtained by other authors are
      reported.

PMID- 1079978
TI  - [Thrombosis of the Bjork-Shiley valve as an early fatal complication of the
      prothetic aortic valve replacement (author's transl)].
AB  - From a series of 28 patients subjected to aortic valve replacement with the Bjork
      Shiley tilting disc valve prosthesis 3 cases are reported in which massive
      thrombosis with valve dysfunction and fatal outcome occurred in the very early
      postoperative period. The autopsy findings and the examination of the blood
      coagulation state during the first 24 hours postoperatively disclosed in all 3
      cases a hypercoagulability being responsible for the massive clot formation. The
      early recognition and establishment of the diagnosis of a hypercoagulability
      state and an immediate anticoagulant therapy with heparin are necessary for
      preventing such early fatal complications in patients with cardiac valve
      replacement.

PMID- 1079979
TI  - [Preliminary experiences in use of the Sparks prosthesis for femoro-popliteal
      bypass and arterio-venous shunt in chronic hemodialysis (author's transl)].
AB  - The present paper summarizes our preliminary results using the Sparks-Mandril.
      The prothesis has been applied both as femoro-popliteal bypass graft and as
      arteriovenous shunt for hemodialysis in patients suffering from chronic renal
      failure. Indications, techniques and results of implantation both as femoro
      popliteal bypass and as a.-v. shunt are outlined. It is concluded that in both
      cases the Sparks-Mandril has its well defined field of application.

PMID- 1079980
TI  - [Mechanisms of transmitting excitation in the electromechanical connections
      system of frog phasic muscle fibers].
AB  - The effect of replacement of Na ions by isomorphic Li ions on the dynamic
      parameters of isometric contractions and the distribution of Na, K, and Li in the
      frog m. sartorius involved increase of the muscle maximum tension during first 10
      15 min. A possible role of Na and Li ions in the muscle contraction is discussed
      with regard to the assumption of a mechanism of participation of Na ions in the
      transmission of excitation from the plasmic membrane to the sarcoplasmic
      reticulum membrane.

PMID- 1079981
TI  - [Problem-oriented medical record].

PMID- 1079982
TI  - The effect of host immunity on hepatitis B antigen (HBAg) infection in
      hemodialysis patiets.

PMID- 1079983
TI  - [Method of examining the vestibular analyzer in certain infectious diseases].

PMID- 1079984
TI  - [Function of the vestibular apparatus in neuroses].

PMID- 1079985
TI  - Differential inhibition of the in vivo synthesis of adenovirus type 5-specific
      ribonucleic acids by cordycepin.

PMID- 1079986
TI  - Removal of leukocytes from whole blood and erythrocyte suspensions by filtration
      through cotton wool. V. Results after transfusion of 1,820 units of filtered
      erythrocytes.
AB  - 1,820 units of leukocyte- and platelet-poor erythrocyte suspensions were prepared
      by filtration through cotton wool. On the average more than 98% of the leukocytes
      and 90-95% of the platelets could be removed. The red cell recovery was 96%. 97%
      of the units given to polytransfused patients did not cause febrile reactions.
      Serological follow-up of future transplantation recipients indicated that the
      immunization may be avoided by using erythrocyte suspensions of fresh, filtered
      blood.

PMID- 1079987
TI  - Platelet indirect radioactive Coombs test. Its utilization for PLA1 grouping.
AB  - A platelet indirect radioactive Coombs test (PIRC) has been described. The
      technique for purification and labelling the antiglobulin has been precised. This
      test allowed the typing of platelets in the PLA system by using an absorbed serum
      from a mother of a thrombocytopenic child. Six other families of neonatal
      thrombocytopenias were tested. In three of them, the mothers were found PLA1
      negative (PLA2, PLA2). Among a panel of 93 platelets, two (0.022) were found
      PLA1, negative. This PIRC test has many advantages compared to other tests such
      as platelet complement fixation, assay for blocking antibodies or antiglobulin
      consumption: it gives objective and quantitative results and is highly
      reproducible; anticomplementary serum may be tested.

PMID- 1079988
TI  - [Hereditary factors in the etiology of syndromes associated with bronchiectasis].

PMID- 1079989
TI  - [Biomorphological changes in the vaginal part of the uterus in a guinea pig as a
      result of Trichomonas vaginalis infection].

PMID- 1079990
TI  - Emphysema and alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1079991
TI  - Portal decompression: timing and technique.

PMID- 1079992
TI  - Interstital nephritis in autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
AB  - A case is reported of a 15-year-old boy with chronic autoimmune hemolytic anemia
      who developed renal insufficiency 3 years after splenectomy. An interstitial
      nephritis with striking lymphocytic infiltrates and sclerosed glomeruli could be
      demonstrated by percutaneous renal biopsy. Renal symptoms disappeared promptly
      after corticosteroid therapy. The renal lesions are thought to have arisen as
      part of the autoimmune disease.

PMID- 1079993
TI  - [Significance of aortocoronary bypass--a  compilation of papers on the 25th
      annual meeting of americal college of radiology in new york].

PMID- 1079994
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii infections in zoo animals.
AB  - Pneumocystis carinii was found to be present in the lungs of twenty-three zoo
      animals in the Netherlands. The following species were represented: red kangaroo,
      common tree shrew, Senegal-Galago, Demidoff's-Galago, brown howler monkey, woolly
      monkey, long-haired spider monkey, white-eared marmoset, chimpanzee, three-toed
      sloth, palm squirrel, red panda, fennec fox, tree hyrax and large-toothed hyrax.

PMID- 1079995
TI  - Effect of trasylol on packed cell volume and plasma kallikrein activation in
      acute Babesia argentina infection of splenectomised calves.
AB  - Three groups of four splenectomised calves, three months old, were infected with
      Babesia argentina parasites. One group was inoculated intravenously with 2000
      kallikrein inhibitor units (kiu)/kg body weight of the broad-spectrum proteinase
      inhibitor, Trasylol, three times a day for 5 days commencing on the 3rd day after
      infection (early treatment). The same dose of Trasylol was given to a second
      group for 3 days commencing 8 days after infection (late treatment). The third
      group was untreated. Parasite multiplication rates were similar in the three
      groups. In the early treated group levels of activated kallikrein in plasma were
      significantly lower than those in the other two groups. The early treatment group
      also showed significantly higher levels of plasma kallikrein inhibitor. No
      significant differences in total plasma kallikrein levels were seen among the
      three groups. Packed cell volumes in the treated groups remained significantly
      higher than those in the controls. The implications of these findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 1079996
TI  - [Effect of primaricin on moulds and their aflatoxin formation in cheese].
AB  - The prior condition for the application of pimaricin is its heat stability (up to
      80 degrees C) and the low penetration (around 2.6 mm), so that it is available
      for the effect on the cheese surface for a long period. With 13 different
      aflatoxin forming moulds, the inhibition on the mycel development and thereby on
      the aflatoxin formation was tested; the different strains were inhibited to
      various degrees. The effect on cheese was not definite, because the native cheese
      surface remained free of mould for 8 weeks after pimaricin treatment, whereas
      cheese slices dipped into pimaricin solution were covered with moulds very soon.
      The aflatoxin formation itself is only inhibited, if the growth of the moulds is
      inhibited. Therefore the cheeses have to be treated very early before strong
      growth of the moulds has started. The aflatoxin formation, however only starts at
      a certain growth period of the moulds, but at a not completed inhibition, a
      reduced aflatoxin formation has to be taken into consideration.

PMID- 1079997
TI  - [Conduction disorders in aortic valve diseases].
AB  - Among 304 cases of aortic valvulopathies studied for surgical selection, the
      authors have found a high incidence of conduction disturbances (16% in aortic
      stenosis and 18,4% in aortic regurgitation). The conduction defects are mostly
      intraventricular among stenosis isolated or associated to regurgitation and
      mostly atrio-ventricular among pure aortic insufficiencies. The highest incidence
      (30%) being found in patients with bacterial endocarditis acute or healed. The
      incidence of conduction disturbances increases with age, with the presence of
      valvular calcifications, of left ventricular strain or failure, of coronary
      insufficiency and angina... practically with the duration and the severity of the
      valvular disease. Surgical risk is heavier and natural prognosis poorer in
      valvulopathies with conduction disturbances. But these disturbances never
      contraindicates surgery : it is sometimes necessary to insert a pacemaker with or
      without valvular replacement mostly in aortic stenosis with infrahisian
      conduction defects. During hemodynamic investigation of such cases one must be
      ready to stimulate the heart, particularly during right heart catheterization of
      patients with complete left bundle branch block.

PMID- 1079998
TI  - Concealed retrograde conduction of an atrial echo in second degree A-V block of
      the Wenckebach type with modified ventricular acceleration.
AB  - Whereas second degree A-V block showing the classical pattern of the Wenckebach
      phenomenon is easily diagnosed, variant forms of the Wenckebach phenomenon in
      second degree A-V block may pose difficulties to the interpretor. A case is
      presented, where modified acceleration of the ventricles--a crucial "pointer" to
      the Wenckebach A-V block -- is disturbed by concealed conduction of an atrial
      echo. Differences in the electrocardiographic manifestation between this and the
      classical type of second degree A-V block of the Wenckebach type are discussed.

PMID- 1079999
TI  - [Demonstration of a major preexcitation syndrome during treatment of auricular
      flutter using intravenous injection of verapamil].
AB  - Electrophysiologic properties of various conduction pathways responsible for
      preexcitation syndrome are illdefined; they explain the incidence of arrhythmias
      : supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and, in much rarer cases,
      flutter. The site of Verapamil activity is chiefly the atrioventricular junction,
      while its action on the refractory period of atrio-ventricular bypass is small
      and unforeseable. In a patient with type B. W.P.W. syndrome, complicated with
      atrial flutter Verapamil induced a preferential stimulation through the anomalous
      pathway. Right BBB which was obvious during the attack of atrial flutter, was
      hidden by the type B W.P.W. syndrome, the right branch being shunted by the
      anomalous pathway. The infrequency of atrial flutter in type B W.P.W. syndrome is
      emphasized.

PMID- 1080000
TI  - [Arterial vascularization of the sino-auricular node of the heart in dogs].
AB  - In order to study the arterial blood supply of the sinus atrial node in the Dog,
      the authors have performed the post-mortem injection of the arterial branches
      going to this node. They observed 65 cases and they came to the following
      conclusions: in 31 cases (47.7%) the sinus atrial node is supplied by the artery
      of the sinus atrial node and by the anterior atrial artery, branch of the
      circumflex; in 20 cases (30.8%) besides the two arteries already mentioned there
      was also the anterior branch from the first portion of the right coronary artery;
      in 13 cases (20%) the sinus atrial node was exclusively supplied by the artery of
      the sinus atrial node and in one case (1.5%) it was supplied only by the first
      anterior atrial branch of the circumflex artery. Their findings are different
      from those of other authors and they attribute the failure in provoking
      experimental ischemia of the sinus atrial node in the Dog, to the rich blood
      supply of this node and to the different origins of the vessels supplying it.

PMID- 1080001
TI  - From physical capacity to fitness to work in coronary patients.
AB  - The authors studied the energetic expenditures of 15 coronary patients during
      work. The subjects with reduced physical capacity tolerated a high fraction of
      their VO2 SL during their work with activity peaks close to their maximal
      capacity.

PMID- 1080002
TI  - Cardiac manifestations of digoxin intoxication. (Clinical correlations with serum
      levels).
AB  - Clinical, electrocardiographic and laboratory data were found out in 52 patients
      with cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects due to digoxin intoxication.
      Forty six nontoxic patients were also studied for comparison. Blood urea
      concentration was significantly higher in toxic patients as compared to nontoxic
      ones (P less than 0-01). Ventricular bigeminy and trigeminy (38.6%), multifocal
      ventricular premature beats (25%) and second or third degree A-V blocks (25%)
      were very much prevalent. Fairly good correlations have been observed between
      different cardiac arrhythmias and serum digoxin levels. Significantly higher mean
      serum digoxin levels were observed in patients with A-V block and multifocal
      ventricular premature beats as compared to patients with supraventricular
      arrhythmias.

PMID- 1080003
TI  - [Prognosis and treatment of bacterial endocarditis. Review of 70 cases].
AB  - The long term results of medical and surgical treatments have been reviewed in 70
      cases examined during the last 8 years. In 24 of them, bacterial endocarditis
      developed after valvular replacement. Antibiotic treatment was administered
      during at least 6 weeks. Determinations of the minimum inhibitory concentration
      of the antibiotic and of the bactericidal power of the serum were considered as
      the most important laboratory controls. In the post-operative cases with
      prosthetic valves, numerous pathogenic organisms were found, including gram
      (minus) bacilli and monilia, which may partly account for the high mortality in
      this group. Despite surgical reinterventions, 20 of the 24 patients died. For the
      gram (+) cocci, prognosis is however statistically worse (at the 99% confidence
      limit) when prosthetic valves are present. Out of the 46 patients without
      prosthetic valves, 31 (68%) had a favourable bacteriological and haemodynamic
      evolution; in this group, gram (minus) bacilli and monilia were never found to be
      the pathogenic organisms. For streptococci infections, recovery was obtained in
      73% of the cases (24 out of 33). Percentages of long term recovery are very
      similar in mitral (67%) and aortic (69%) valvular involvment, but the frequency
      of surgical indication was very different in either group. In cases of aortic
      valvular disease, valvular replacement was indicated for bacteriological or
      haemodynamic reasons in 19 of the 20 patients who recovered. Amongst the 9
      patients who died, 6 were not operated upon. Valvular replacement is by far less
      frequently necessary in cases of bacterial endocarditis on the mitral valve : one
      prosthetic valve amongst 8 patients who recovered. Finally, the authors discuss
      the place of surgery in the treatment of bacterial endocarditis. According to
      their experience, recent improvement in the prognosis of the disease seems to
      depend more on the surgical approach of the problem than on the discovery of new
      antibiotics.

PMID- 1080004
TI  - Electronic processes in generation of nerve excitation.
AB  - In a frog sciatic nerve stained by very dilute solution of eosin (0.1 mumol/1
      minus to 100 mumol/1) and illuminated with a rather intensive light (10,000-
      100,000 lux), a single electric stimulus elicited not a single response, but a
      train of spikes. Latency time and reversibility of the effect, threshold
      concentration, threshold illumination, frequency and full length of train of
      spikes were investigated in detail. The results of the experiments are in
      agreement with the theory according to which the generation of action potentials
      involves electronic processes.

PMID- 1080005
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of lymphocytes in premature and the term infant.

PMID- 1080006
TI  - Selective coronary arteriography.
AB  - A series of 414 selective coronary arteriographies in 322 patients has been done
      at Ulleval Hospital from May 1971 to Jan. 1974. Judkins technique was used in all
      cases. The indications for arteriography, the diagnoses as regards the coronary
      arteries, the therapeutic consequences,and the complications of selective
      coronary arteriography are described.

PMID- 1080007
TI  - Aortocoronary vein bypass in patients with angina pectoris.
AB  - In the 3-year period from May 1971 to April 1974, 90 patients had aortocoronary
      bypass for angina pectoris at Ulleval Hospital. One patient died shortly after
      the operation (operative mortality 1.1%). There were no further deaths in the
      observation period. Clinical improvement was seen in 93% of the patients, early
      shunt patency in 92%. The study suggests that patients with isolated affection of
      the right coronary artery should not have bypass, because these patients 1) had
      less severe symptoms, 2) had better preserved left ventricular function, and 3)
      seemed to have a smaller chance of benefiting from the operation than the other
      patients. Multiple shunts gave good clinical results and carried no higher
      surgical risk than did single shunts. Good clinical results were seen also in
      patients with occluded shunts provided they had at least one patent shunt too.
      Graft occlusion occurred early and was associated with low graft flow as measured
      intraoperatively. Graft occlusion was not usually followed by demonstrable
      myocardial necrosis. In view of the small operative risk and the high score of
      symptom relief it is concluded that all patients with angina pectoris that does
      not readily respond to medical treatment, should be considered for aortocoronary
      bypass.

PMID- 1080008
TI  - Inhibition spectra of the human pancreatic endopeptidases.
AB  - The present work describes the effect of seven naturally occurring proteinase
      inhibitors on the human pancreatic endopeptidases cationic trypsin, anionic
      trypsin, chymotrypsin I, chymotrypsin II, and protease E (an elastase-like
      protease). The inhibitors tested in order of their decreasing effectiveness were
      alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha-1-antitrypsin), lima bean trypsin inhibitor,
      soybean trypsin inhibitor, Bowman-Birk (soybean) inhibitor, Kunitz pancreatic
      trypsin inhibitor, porcine Kazal inhibitor, and chicken ovomucoid. The human
      trypsins demonstrated a higher degree of susceptibility to these inhibitors than
      did the chymotrypsins while human protease E showed remarkably little inhibition
      by any of these naturally occurring proteinase inhibitors except for alpha-1
      proteinase inhibitor. The contribution of each of these proteolytic enzymes to
      the total proteolytic activity of crude extracts was also investigated using
      specific active-site directed reagents. These studies revealed that the trypsins
      constituted approximately 35% of the proteolytic activity while the chymotrypsins
      represent approximately 32% of the total proteolytic activity. Human protease E
      and possibly human pancreatic elastase are responsible for approximately 21% of
      this activity as measured on crude pancreatic extracts.

PMID- 1080009
TI  - Partial antibiotic therapy in Haemophilus infuenzae meningitis. Its effect on
      cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities.
AB  - To examine the influence of partial antibiotic therapy on laboratory findings in
      Haemophilus influenzae meningitis, 272 untreated cases and 202 partially treated,
      culture-positive cases from 1953 through 1971 were reviewed. There was no
      significant difference between the two groups with respect to several
      cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) values. Both the untreated and partially treated groups
      had a similar proportion of cases with negative Gram stain and CSF glucose level
      over 40 mg/100 ml or a predominance of CSF mononuclear cells. Eight patients had
      received ampicillin sodium, chloramphenicol, or tetracycline for two days or
      more. The CSF findings of these patients resembled those of the untreated group.
      The data support the conclusion that antibiotics in the usual outpatient dosages
      seldom interfere with the diagnosis of H influenzae meningitis.

PMID- 1080010
TI  - Letter: Neonatal haemophilus influenzae infection.

PMID- 1080011
TI  - Clinical experiences with colonoscopy. A review of 100 cases.
AB  - Our experience with 100 colonoscopic examinations are described. The clinical
      value of the procedure is outlined and the minimal degree of attendant morbidity,
      when performed by a competent endoscopist, are emphasized. The indications and
      contraindications for this relatively recently devised diagnostic and therapeutic
      modality should be commonly known. The procedure should be done whenever
      indicated.

PMID- 1080012
TI  - Eosinophilic gastroenteritis with malabsorption, extensive villous atrophy,
      recurrent hemorrhage and chronic pulmonary fibrosis.
AB  - A patient with diffuse eosinophilic gastroenteritis, associated with progressive
      chronic interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, was followed for 29 years.  His major
      symptoms were recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding, anemia, diarrhea,
      malabsorption,  and increasing respiratory insufficiency.  Multiple jejunal
      biopsies revealed eosinophilic infiltration and extensive villous atrophy. 
      Results of a lung biopsy and pulmonary function tests were consistent with
      chronic interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.  His gastrointestinal symptoms responded
      to steroid therapy, but he died of progressive respiratory insufficiency.  At
      autopsy, villous atrophy was noted to extend throughout the whole extent of the
      small intestine in association with multiple "pseudopolypoidal" inflammatory
      lesions.

PMID- 1080013
TI  - Femur replacement.

PMID- 1080014
TI  - Increase in IgM-bearing lymphocytes in peripheral blood of pregnant women.
AB  - Lymphocytes from peripheral blood of pregnant women were studied with the use of
      markers for membrane-bound immunoglobulins (B cells) and receptors for sheep
      erythrocytes (T cells). It was found that there was a significant increase in the
      number of IgM-bearing lymphocytes during pregnancy. This returned to normal
      levels after parturition.

PMID- 1080015
TI  - Contractures in partially depolarized muscle treated with caffeine or nitrate.
AB  - Frog toe muscles partially depolarized with a subcontracture concentration (15 or
      20mM) of K+ rapidly developed tension when exposed to 1 mM caffeine, which alone
      did not cause contracture. This action resulted from a lowering of the mechanical
      threshold by the caffeine and thus was similar to that caused by replacement of
      Cl- with NO3-. Maximal tension was the same in the caffeine and NO3- media but
      took much longer to develop in the former. Equilibrating the muscles with
      caffeine for 60 s (the time calculated for complete diffusion) did not reduce
      contraction time significantly. However, prolonging the exposure of muscles to
      caffeine beyond this time enhanced the drug's capacity to potentiate both the
      twitch and 30 mM K+ contractures and shortened the contraction time of the
      contractures. Toe muscles that had undergone a contracture in 100 mM K+ and were
      recovering in 15 mM K+-Ringer generated tension in the presence of 1 mM caffeine
      or NO3- but only after enough repolarization had been achieved so that a response
      to a second challenge with 100 mM K+ could be demonstrated. Although prolonged
      immersion in the K+-enriched recovery solution caused a disappearance of
      sensitivity to a test depolarization, addition of 1 mM caffeine or replacement of
      Cl- with NO3- promptly evoked a contracture. These results imply a reversible
      step in the recovery process that is both potential and time dependent. Since
      application of 5 mM caffeine to either normally polarized or depolarized muscles
      always immediately causes contracture, more than one site of action for caffeine
      is indicated. After disruption of the transverse tubules, partially depolarized
      muscles showed no response to NO3- or 1 mM caffeine but contracted vigorously
      when exposed to 5 mM caffeine.

PMID- 1080016
TI  - Acid-induced excitation of afferent cardiac sympathetic nerve fibers.
AB  - The effect of acids on activity of afferent sympathetic nerve fibers from the
      left ventricle has been examined. Action potentials were derived from the upper
      thoracic communicating rami of the left side of anesthetized dogs. Application of
      a solution of lactic acid to the left ventricular surface caused excitation in
      both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. The minimum concentration required for
      excitation was 7.5-75 mug/ml for the unmyelinated fibers and 375-750 mug/ml for
      the myelinated fibers. Excitation of the unmyelinated fibers induced by coronary
      occlusion was suppressed by pretreatment with sodium bicarbonate, 500 mg/kg.
      However, excitation of the myelinated fibers was influenced little by the agent.
      Pretreatment with a large dose of Trasylol failed to suppress excitation induced
      by coronary occlusion. The result suggests that acidosis plays a role in
      excitation of the unmyelinated fibers induced by myocardial ischemia, but not in
      excitation of the myelinated fibers.

PMID- 1080017
TI  - Vertebral and costal osteochondromas causing spinal cord compression.

PMID- 1080018
TI  - Freeze-fracture analysis of junctional complexes in human ciliary epithelia.
AB  - The junctions connecting the epithelial cells of the human ciliary body were
      studied on replicas of freeze-fractured preparations. Gap junctions are present
      at the lateral surfaces of the cells of the pigmented epithelium. Gap junctions,
      isolated linear strands and desmosomes are found between the apical surfaces of
      pigmented and non-pigmented epithelial cells. Gap junctions, zonulae occludentes
      and desmosomes join the lateral surfaces of the non-pigmented epithelial cells.
      These findings suggest that the blood-aqueous barrier is located at the level of
      the zonulae occludentes of the non-pigmented epithelial cells. This is consistent
      with previous studies using thin sections and tracer substances. The function of
      the many gap junctions connecting the cells of the two epithelial layers is
      obscure since their presence is not consistent with electrophysiological data
      from this region.

PMID- 1080019
TI  - Carbohydrate metabolism of the lens depending on age. V. Problems of mathematical
      approach and graphical presentation.
AB  - For investigations on age-dependent changes of lens metabolism, longitudinal
      studies are requisite. Graphic representation of such findings should be based on
      a proper arithmetic age scale. Using the lens weight for representing the age
      leads to distortion of the curves, whereby certain periods of life are liable to
      be overemphasized. In longitudinal studies, data on concentrations should never
      be given per unit weight, but rather for the whole lens. Absolute values of the
      whole, intact lens may be referred to a reference value, a percental
      representation of the curves is possible. With regard to the expectancy of life
      of test animals one may already state that longitudinal studies including the
      senile phase will only be feasible with rats.

PMID- 1080020
TI  - [Selective atrophy of the radial peripapillary capillaries and visual field
      defects in glaucoma (author's transl)].
AB  - The existence and distribution of atrophic radial peripapillary capillaries in 33
      autopsy eyes of patients with chronic glaucoma or different optic nerve atrophies
      are compared with their visual field defects and stage of atrophy or excavation
      of the disc. No correlation of defective RPC and visual field defects was found.
      The selective atrophy of RPC is therefore supposed to be secondary to different
      atrophies of the disc.

PMID- 1080021
TI  - [The course of zonular fiber. A further electronenmicroscopic study (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Zonular fibers could be shown between the basement membrane of the pigmented
      epithelium of pars plana and the elastic tissue of Bruch's membrane. A connection
      of zonular fibrils between the unpigmented epithelium and the basement membrane
      of pigmented epithelium of the pars plana could not be observed. It is possible
      to discuss two independent courses of zonular fibers.

PMID- 1080022
TI  - [The electro-oculogram in the early postoperative period following fistulizing
      operations (author's transl)].
AB  - EOGs were obtained from 2 groups of patients suffering from glaucoma chronicum
      simplex the day before surgery and 3, 5, 8, 11 and 14 days after trephining or
      fistulizing operation after Scheie. Though and peak potentials of the treated
      eyes were significantly less than those of the untreated fellow eyes five days
      after surgery. In addition on the 11. postoperative day after Scheie a second
      potential decrease was seen. The EOG-changes observed appear to reflect
      disturbances of the choroidal circulation after fistulizing operations.

PMID- 1080023
TI  - Development of beaks of Rana pipiens larvae.
AB  - Rana pipiens larval beaks of consist of column cells, sheath cells and basal
      cells which supply cells to column and sheath. Each column consists of disk-like
      precone cells, cone cells and keratinized cone cells; they are cells in different
      stages of the process of keratinization. Breaks first appear externally at
      embryonic stage 24. Epidermal cells align at the tip of the jaw at stage 21. They
      increase in number and change in shape. Keratinization starts at stage 23. By
      stage 24, the apical column cells are keratinized and the histological
      organization is set for the whole larval period. During the larval period, the
      numbers of column cells increase until stages VIII or IV, stay relatively
      constant during mid-larval stages, and decrease at late larval stages. The beak
      is completely shed at stage XX. The widening of the beaks goes on during the
      entire larval period. Along the cutting edge of the jaw the tooth spikes increase
      in number and in individual width as the animal grows older and larger. Thyroid
      hormone causes a premature reduction of the column cell number and a precocious
      beak loss. The loss of break at metamorphic climax is thyroid dependent event.

PMID- 1080024
TI  - Effect of halothane on isometric twitch and tetanus response and the associated
      heat production in striated muscle of frogs.
AB  - The purpose of these investigations was to determine the effect of halothane on
      isometric contraction of striated muscle and to measure the associated heat
      production. This basic information is necessary before studies more directly
      relating to malignant hyperthermia are undertaken. Sartorius muscles were isolate
      from Rana pipiens during winter and summer months. It appears from these
      experiments that there is a prolongation of the relaxation phase of the twitch
      and tetanus responses with low concentrations of halothane, with a more diffuse
      effect on the contractile process evident at higher administered concentrations.
      The results of heat measurements, using a sensitive thermopile-galvanometer
      system, are compatible with the hypotheses that this effect on relaxation could
      result from either an interference with calcium reuptake by the sarcoplasmic
      reticulum or an increased affinity of the troponintropomyosin complex for
      available calcium.

PMID- 1080025
TI  - Postoperative respiratory effects of morphine and halothane anesthesia: a study
      in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
AB  - Lung volumes, deadspace, ventilation, and ventilatory response to CO2 challenge
      were studied on the day before and for the first three days after corrective
      cardiac surgery. Ten patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and ten
      patients had mitral valve prostheses inserted. Half of the patients in each group
      received halothane as the major anesthetic, and the other half received morphine
      sulfate (1-2 mg/kg). Mitral valve-replacement patients anesthetized with morphine
      showed lower CO2 sensitivity on the first postoperative day than those who
      received halothane. Patients who had coronary artery bypass grafts tended to
      hyperventilate during the postoperative period, but this did not occur on the
      first postoperative day in those who received morphine anesthesia. Respiratory
      rate was always higher postoperatively, most markedly in patients who
      receivedhalothane for coronary artery bypass grafts. Vital capacity was
      diminished by 67 per cent in all groups postoperatively. VD/VT tended to increase
      during the first and second postoperative days and then decrease toward control
      values on the third postoperative day in all groups except valve-replacement
      patients who received morphine. Morphine anesthesia may increase the period of
      mechanical ventilation necessary after cardiac surgery partly as a result of
      impaired CO2 sensitivity.

PMID- 1080026
TI  - Factors of delayed hypersensitity in pulmonary tuberculosis.
AB  - In a study of delayed hypersensitivity in 54 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
      who were on specific treatment, 33 patients could not be sensitized to
      dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) although 25 of these were tuberculin (PPD) positive.
      The majority of the patients also had positive skin reactions to another recall
      antigen, streptokinase-streptodornase. To exclude a drug effect on DNCB
      reactivity, 40 untreated patients were studied. Twenty-six (65 per cent) of these
      did not show DNCB reactivity. The cause for nonsensitization to DNCB was not
      clear. There was no abnormality in the number of T lymphocytes in the peripheral
      blood of 28 patients.

PMID- 1080027
TI  - Letter: Lymphocyte changes in viral infections.

PMID- 1080028
TI  - On the "easy bruising" syndrome with normal platelet count. A study of 75
      patients.
AB  - Seventy-five consecutive patients with normal platelet counts were investigated
      for "easy bruising." All had a normal coagulation profile, and all except four
      were women. None were on aspirin or other antiplatelet agents. Two specific
      groups could be delineated. In type I (44 patients, mean age, 35), platelet
      function was normal to supranormal. Megathrombocyte number was elevated in 60% of
      patients and correlated with the presence of antiplatelet antibody in 30% of
      patients. In type II (31 patients, mean age, 34), platelet function was abnormal:
      impaired epinephrine aggregation (primary and secondary wave) in 97%, impaired
      connective tissue aggregation in 77%, and impaired ADP aggregation in 42%.
      Megathrombocyte number was elevated in 71%, and antiplatelet antibody was present
      in 38% of patients. The "easy bruising" syndrome can be differentiated into two
      categories: type I, in which a platelet abnormality is unlikely, and type II, in
      which a platelet abnormality exists. Elevated incidence of antiplatelet antibody
      in both groups suggests  a possible autoimmune cause.

PMID- 1080029
TI  - Letter: Goodpasture's syndrome.

PMID- 1080030
TI  - Surgical consequences of alcoholism.

PMID- 1080031
TI  - Solar retinopathy and foveomacular retinitis.
AB  - The visual disturbances caused by looking into the sun or a solar eclipse have
      been known for many years. Recently, there have been discussions about whether or
      not solar retinopathy is a distinct clinical entity or identical to the disease
      termed foveomacular retinitis. A series of 36 patients has been evaluated at
      Letterman Army Medical Center with the ophthalmoscopic appearance compatible with
      both conditions in various stages of the disease. By use of clinical history,
      funduscopy, visual fields, Amsler Grid, color acuity testing, color fundus
      photography, and fluorescein dye studies, it is our distinct impression that
      these two conditions are identical.

PMID- 1080032
TI  - Physiology of color vision and the pathological changes in reversible color
      blindness, a deficiency disease of the retina.

PMID- 1080033
TI  - Regression of Fuchs' dystrophy with a glued-on contact lens.

PMID- 1080034
TI  - Trisomy 4p in a family with A t(4;15).
AB  - This report concerns a trisomy 4p in a mentally retarded girl with multiple
      congenital anomalies. A translocation between chromsomes Nos. 4 and 15 was
      discovered in three generations of the patient's pedigree.

PMID- 1080035
TI  - [Ultrastructure study on the whole chromosome in radiation induced anomalies: II.
      Re-arrangements and fragments].
AB  - Chromosome aberrations induced by 500 rads gamma ray irradiation (dicentrics,
      rings, and fragments) were observed at the ultrastructural level using the "whole
      mount" technique. The area of chromatid rejoining could not be demonstrated. The
      pairing of fragments observed could be explained by the perisistence of
      interchromatid fibers.

PMID- 1080036
TI  - [Partial 14q trisomy. I. Partial 14q trisomy by maternal translocation t(10;14)
      (p15.2;q22)].
AB  - A balanced reciprocal translocation t(10;14)(p15.2;q22) is present in the mother
      and the maternal grand mother of two boys. One, with a normal phenotype, received
      the balanced translocation, the other, exhibiting congenital malformations, is
      trisomic for the proximal part of 14q.

PMID- 1080037
TI  - [Partial trisomy 14q II.--Partial trisomy 14q due to a maternal t(12; 14) (q24.4;
      q21)].
AB  - The phenotype of an 18-month-old male infant trisomic for the proximal portion of
      the long arm of chromosome 14 was reported and compared with that of previously
      reported cases. For the identification of the resulting syndrome, the most
      consistent features are psychomotor and growth retardation, and an oval,
      dysmorphic facies which includes a distinctive form of the mouth and a prominent
      nose. The trisomy in the child reported here is due to a familial translocation
      transmitted by the mother and present in at least three generations:
      t(12;14)(q24.4;q21). The 12q duplication in the child's genome is minimal and
      does not seem to have contributed to his phenotype.

PMID- 1080038
TI  - Trisomy iop. A report of two cases due to a familial translocation rcp (10;21)
      (pII;pII).
AB  - Trisomy for the short arm of chromosome number 10 was diagnosed (by a G-banding
      method) in two sisters with multiple congenital defects. Their mother and two
      other sisters showed a balanced translocation 46,XX rcp(10;21)(p11;p11), so the
      affected girls were the result of a maternal adjacent-1 meiotic segregation with
      a karyotype 46,XX, der(21), rcp(10;21)(p11;p11)mat. The concordant features in
      the abnormal patients constitute the following syndrome: severe psychomotor
      retardation, congenital microsomatia, mild hydrocephalus with cranium-face
      disproportion, low set ears with hypoplastic helix, ocular colobomata, pulmonary
      stenosis,flexion deformity of wrists and elbows, bilateral fifth finger
      clinodactyly and simian creases, hypoplastic dermal ridges, bilateral talipes,
      persistent icterus and delayed bone age. The phenotypical and cytogenetic
      findings permit the individualization of the 10p trisomy.

PMID- 1080039
TI  - [Interstitial deletion of the long arm of one 11 chromosome].
AB  - A case of in testitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 associated with
      mild facial deformity, broad skull and mental retardation is reported.

PMID- 1080040
TI  - [Partial 7q trisomy].
AB  - A 17-month old boy is partially trisomic for 7q22 and 7q31 due to a probable
      insertion in the paternal chromosome 13. The phenotype of the patient is similar
      to that of two other patients reported in the literature.

PMID- 1080041
TI  - [Mosaic 14 trisomy in a female child with multiple abnormalities].
AB  - Chromosomal preparations obtained from lymphocytes and fibroblasts revealed a
      minor clone, 47,XX,+14, in a female newborn with multiple malformations. Other
      types of rearrangement of chromosome 14 are discussed.

PMID- 1080042
TI  - Centrally-mediated cardiovascular effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan in MAO-inhibited
      dogs: modification by autonomic antagonists.
AB  - In MAO-inhibited dogs, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), either 5 or 10 mg/kg i.v.,
      caused hypotension with variable effects on heart rate. Reflex responses to
      bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCO) were greatly inhibited by 5-HTP. The
      hypotensive effects were markedly inhibited by cerebral and extracerebral
      decarboxylase inhibition with RO 4-4602 and the inhibition of BCO was delayed.
      Selective extracerebral decarboxylase inhibitation with MK 486 did not prevent
      either the hypotensive action of 5-HTP or the effect on BCO, although the amino
      acid now consistently caused bradycardia. Left ventricular pressure and dP/dt
      were reduced, but cardiac output was maintained by an increase in stroke volume.
      Hypotension was due predominantly to decreased peripheral resistance. The
      hypotensive action of 5-HTP was abolished or greatly attenuated after
      pretreatment with either yohimbine or methysergide, but was unaffected by
      haloperidol. These results indicate that cerebral decarboxylation and formation
      of 5-HT are responsible for the hypotension after 5-HTP in MAO inhibited dogs.

PMID- 1080044
TI  - [Percutaneous stimulation of sensitive peripheral nerves in acute crises of
      essential trigeminal neuralgia].
AB  - The electric stimulation of sensitive peripheric fibres has been used with good
      results in the control of pain. It is belived that the modern theory of pain
      phisiology offers scientific basis to explain its action mechanism. This method
      was applied to twenty-one patients suffering from trigeminalgia, being
      continually stimulated during thirty minutes with variable voltages, according to
      the affected region. As a result, it was obtained the immediate relief of pain
      for periods of time varying from six and forty-eight hours.

PMID- 1080045
TI  - [Hereditary multiple exostosis with spinal cord compression].
AB  - A case of hereditary multiple exostoses successfully operated is reported. The
      patient, a 15 year-old white brazilian boy, was admitted with tetraplegia and
      Babinski's sign. Early diagnosis followed by prompt surgery may prevent permanent
      spinal cord damage.

PMID- 1080043
TI  - Regulation of C3-enzymes in facultative phototrophic bacteria: the cold-labile
      pyruvate kinase of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
AB  - Pyruvate kinase (EC2.7.1.40) from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides was purified 40
      fold be precipitation with protamine sulfate and ammonium sulfate followed by gel
      filtration. The preparations obtained from cells grown with different carbon
      sources or cultural conditions differ with respect to specific activity but not
      with respect to molecular weight (250000 dalton) or regulatory properties. The
      phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-saturation cruve of the enzyme is sigmoidal with Hill
      coefficients varying from nH equals 1.8 (pH 9.2) to 2.7 (pH 6.0). The enzyme is
      activated by adenosinemonophosphate (AMP) and the sugarmonophosphates ribose-5
      phosphate (R-5-P), glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P), and-to a lesser extent-fructose-6
      phosphate (F-6-P). Fructose-1.6-bisphosphate (FDP) has no measurable effect.
      Inhibitors of the enzyme are adenosinetriphosphate (ATP), inorganic phosphate
      (Pi) and the dicarboxylic acids succinate and fumarate. Kinetic analysis reveals
      that the sugar-phosphates and the dicarboxylic acids act as true allosteric
      ligands, whereas the effects of AMP, ATP, and Pi cannot be interpreted soley in
      terms of allosteric interactions. Cold-treatment of the enzymes lead to a rapid
      loss of activity, but does not change the regulatory properties of the enzyme.
      Analysis of the kinetics of cold-inactivation and its reversal at 30 percent C,
      together with studies on the gelfiltration behaviour of the native and the cold
      treated enzyme make it likely that the cold-induced loss of activity is due to a
      dissociation of the enzyme.

PMID- 1080046
TI  - Anesthesia of the ear by iontophoresis of lidocaine.
AB  - Anesthesia of the tympanic membrane and ear canal by the use of iontophoresis of
      local anesthetics is a painless and safe method of anesthesia for office
      myringotomy and polyethylene tube insertion, and possibly for surgical use as
      well.  With the use of guinea pig models, the introduction of 4% lidocaine
      hydrochloride solution in the middle ear space with iontophoresis revealed no
      toxic effects on the eighth nerve, and epinephrine hydrocloride potentiates the
      effects of lidocaine and has no protective mechanism on the eighth nerve
      function.

PMID- 1080047
TI  - Trisomy 18.  A temporal bone report.
AB  - Since Edwards first described the trisomy 17-18 syndrome in 1960, the findings in
      the temporal bones of only four patients with this condition have been reported. 
      They varied widely, ranging from a normal temporal bone, to severe malformations
      of both the middle and inner ear structures.  This study describes the temporal
      bone findings in a patient with this syndrome.  Many of the abnormalities
      described previously were present as well as the following unreported findings:
      complete bony atresia of the external canal, an aberrant tensor tympani muscle
      that did not insert into the malleus but rather attached to a dehiscent area in
      the Fallopian canal, wide short utricular and saccular ducts, and a widely patent
      cochlear aqueduct.  There was also a developmental arrest of the membranous
      structures within the cochlea that probably occurred during the 12th week of
      fetal life.

PMID- 1080048
TI  - Incidence of vestibular symptomatology in 2,500 U.S. Navy diving accidents (1933
      1970).
AB  - The U.S. Navy diving accident records of 2,500 cases for the years 1933 to 1970
      were analyzed and sorted into Type I and Type II decompression sickness. Type II
      was further sorted into "vestibular" and "other" categories. It was concluded
      that Type II symptoms accounted for 30% of the decompression accidents and it was
      estimated that the overall incidence of vestibular symptomatology was between 10
      and 20%. Nearly 30% of the Type II cases were diagnosed as having vestibular
      involvement, although almost 60% of the cases contained a report of a symptom
      typically associated with the vestibular system complex, e.g., dizziness and
      nausea.

PMID- 1080049
TI  - Antihypertensive drug therapy in USAF flying personnel.
AB  - The reviewed data concerns hypertensive USAF aircrew members, as available from
      the WAVR File (July 1973) and the records of the Aeromedical Consultation Service
      at USAFSAM (1 July 1972-30 June 1973). Of over 6,500 entries in the WAVR File,
      hypertension was listed as a diagnosis for 754 individuals. Drug therapy had been
      instituted in 379 cases (50.3%) of the total. Statistics regarding ranks, age
      groups, and aeronautical ratings are presented. The group included 520 pilots, of
      whom 268 were receiving drug therapy. Associated medical conditions, e.g.,
      abnormal EKG findings, carbohydrate intolerance, and hyperuriciemia, are
      presented. Similar data are reviewed for the 84 patients evaluated on the
      Aeromedical Consultation Service (USAFSAM).

PMID- 1080050
TI  - Modification by procaine of membrane and fluorescence changes induced by
      electrical stimulation of nerve and muscle fibres.

PMID- 1080051
TI  - [Effect of the protease inhibitor aprotinin on pulmonary function and on the
      inhibitory activity of sputum in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis].
AB  - It has been investigated whether a substitution of protease inhibitor deficiency
      is indicated in case of chronic obstructive airway disease. As a therapeutic
      possibility, apronitin isolated from bovine organs (tyasylol), which in vitro
      inhibits sputum proteases up to 80 per cent was tested. Besides infusion,
      inhalation was chosen for application by which a protease inhibition could be
      attained. We observed an inhibition of the course of illness associated with a
      good tolerance of the preparation. Whether a therapy applying the addition of
      protease inhibitor is reasonable in the long run in chronic diseases cannot yet
      be concluded from these investigations.

PMID- 1080052
TI  - [Effect of vitamin D 2 and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol on intestinal absorption of
      radiophosphate in man].

PMID- 1080053
TI  - A possible alternate pathway of bacteriochlorophyll biosynthesis in a mutant of
      Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
AB  - A previously uncharacterized bacteriochlorophyll-less mutant (mutant 8) of
      Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides has been found to excrete a tetrapyrrole-protein
      complex into the incubation medium. The structure of the major pigment of the
      complex was characterized as 2-desacetyl-2-vinylbacteriopheophorbide. The
      corresponding magnesium derivative does not fit into the currently proposed
      biosynthetic pathway for bacteriochlorophyll, and thus may indicate the existence
      of an alternate pathway of bacteriochlorophyll synthesis in this organism. Such
      an alternate pathway would be possible if reduction from the chlorin to the
      tetrahydroporphyrin stage can occur either before or after hydration of the 2
      vinyl substituent of chlorophyllide a to an alpha-hydroxyethyl group.

PMID- 1080054
TI  - Effect of strong illumination on the ion efflux from the isolated discs of frog
      photoreceptors.
AB  - (1) Low levels of illumination do not modify the efflux of the radioisotopes
      22Na, 86Rb, 36Cl, and 45Ca from the isolated discs of the photoreceptors of the
      frog (Rana Catesbeiana). (2) The effluxes of 22Na+, 86Rb+ and 36Cl- increase when
      the discs are illuminated with more than 10(4) erg/cm2 per s for a few minutes.
      There is no effect on the efflux of 45Ca2+ or of [14C]urea. (3) The effect is
      greater for monochromatic lights of wavelengths in the shorter region of the
      spectrum. (4) The effect is also present in bleached visual membranes.

PMID- 1080055
TI  - Osmotically induced electrical changes in isolated bullfrog small intestine.
AB  - 1. Steady state values of cell water, intracellular Na+ and K+ concentrations,
      and the electrical parameters ETr, Em, and Isc in the mucosa of isolated bullfrog
      small intestine were determined following immersion in sodium sulfate Ringer
      solutions with identical ionic composition but different osmolalities. 2. Cell
      water and intracellular K+ concentration were inversely related to the osmolality
      of the bathing medium. During 1 h immersion, intracellular Na+ concentration was
      not significantly affected by an increase or decrease in external osmolality. 3.
      Replacement of a hypotonic or an approximately isotonic (normal) medium by a
      medium of greater osmolality caused statistically significant decreases in ETr,
      Isc and the (inside negative) magnitude of Em. Conversely, when a hypertonic or a
      normal medium was replaced by one of lower osmolality, significant increases in
      the magnitude of these parameters were observed. 4. An equivalent circuit model
      for the epithelial cell layer, in which the resistance of a relatively highly
      conducting extracellular shunt pathway is assumed to be the major determinant of
      the electrical responses of the small intestine to external osmolality, has been
      shown to account satisfactorily for the observed changes in ETr and Em. In terms
      of this model, the experimentally observed dependence of Isc on external
      osmolality requires that, even when both the mucosal and the serosal sides of the
      tissue are bathed by identical media, isolated bullfrog small intestine maintains
      a finite diffusion potential across the shunt pathway. This is consistent with
      current views concerning transepithelial ionic transfer mechanisms.

PMID- 1080056
TI  - [Photochromism of visual pigments. I. Formation of isochrome products during
      reversible transformations of frog rhodopsin].
AB  - Reversible phototransformations of rhodopsin of the frog in vitro (in digitonine
      extracts) at -22 degrees C under the effect of light with gamma 579 and 435 nm
      are reversible processes. However, while heating photogeneration product, besides
      true rhodopsin, thermo-unstable form is (pseudorhodopsin) is revealed. It owes
      its name due to the similarity of its spectral properties and photosensitivity
      with rhodopsin. At temperatures higher than -22 degrees C the reversibility of
      the system is disturbed. The nature of pseudorhodopsin is discussed.

PMID- 1080057
TI  - Cells producing IgA: comment.

PMID- 1080058
TI  - B lymphocytes in primary and secondary deficiencies of humoral immunity.
AB  - The quantitative studies of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood have been performed
      in various forms of primary and secondary immunodeficiency disease in man. X
      linked agammaglobulinemia was found to comprise two sub-types, one lacking B-cell
      population, the other showing low numbers of B lymphocytes. The absence of B
      cells in severe combined immunodeficiency was corrected by marrow transplants in
      3 children. Cases of DiGeorge syndrome and lepromatous leprosy showed an absolute
      increase in numbers of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood, probably a compensatory
      mechanism in the market deficit of T-cell population and function. The
      reconstitution of DiGeorge syndrome by fetal thymus transplant reversed the
      abnormally high percentage of B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080059
TI  - Thymus transplants: a look to the future.
AB  - In a review of thymus transplants performed in a variety of immunodeficiency
      syndromes, results in the DiGeorge syndrome seen uniformly successful. Rapid
      restoration of lymphocyte responsibility in vitro and achievement of normal
      peripheral blood lymphocyte counts are characteristic. In nearly all other types
      of isolated thymic deficiency or combined immunodeficiency there has been only
      transient or meager restitution and more often than not complete failure. A few
      exceptions were noted in a combined immunodeficiency state and in two cases of
      isolated T-cell deficiency. The use of transfer factor may have played an
      important adjunctive role. Future attempts must depend upon more precise
      characterization of the defects, utilizing attempts to define subpopulations of T
      and B cells; consideration of HL-A restrictions; methods of implantation and use
      of adjunctive measures (eg thymosin) or other cell populations (such as liver or
      spleen).

PMID- 1080061
TI  - Scanning electron micrographs of I and B cells.

PMID- 1080060
TI  - Transfer factor I: methods of therapy.
AB  - Transfer factor was first discovered by Lawrence in 1955, but was not used
      therapeutically until 1969 when we reported its use in a Wiskott-Aldrich patient.
      Since that time, it has been used in a wide variety of disorders related to
      defects in cellular immunity, infectious diseases, and malignant diseases. This
      report describes our experience with transfer factor. Report number I discusses
      rationale for patient selection, procedures for transfer factor therapy,
      procedures for monitoring the efficacy of therapy, untoward effects of therapy,
      and experience with transfer factor therapy in severe combined dual system
      deficiency disorder. The results of our study on transfer factor therapy indicate
      that it is capable of inducing a clinically acceptable level of cell-mediated
      immunity in approximately 50% of patients with a variety of immunodeficiency
      disorders. It also appears to be a useful adjunct to chemotherapy, and may
      possibly act synergistically with transplanted fetal thymocytes to produce a
      constantly regenerating specifically competent source of T lymphocytes, thereby
      obviating the need for bone marrow transplant for severe combined dual system
      deficiency disorder.

PMID- 1080062
TI  - Studies of the human factor VIII/von Willebrand's factor protein. II.
      Identification and characterization of the von Willebrand protein.
AB  - The purified factor VIII-related protein we have previously characterized from
      normal cryoprecipitate possesses both procoagulant activity and vWf activity. We
      have attempted to isolate and characterize this protein from three patients with
      severe vWd. This protein is absent or markedly diminished in amount in these vWd
      patients, as judged by gel filtration, polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, and
      immunoprecipitation assays. Likewise, the procoagulant and vWf activities are
      deficient. As vWf activity is one of the major biologic functions of either the
      normal or hemophilic factor VIII-related protein, the purified protein should be
      designated the f VIII/vWf protein.

PMID- 1080063
TI  - Specificity of bovine thrombin and reptilase for mammalian plasmas.
AB  - The effect of bovine thrombin and reptilase was investigated on plasmas of ten
      species of five vertebrate classes. It was established that both enzymes have an
      expressed specificity for mammalian plasmas, however, their narrower species
      specificity is different. These comparative coagulation studies, their
      significance in the laboratory examination also contribute to the analysis of
      evolution of clotting factors.

PMID- 1080064
TI  - Kinetics of agonist conductance changes during hyperolarization at frog
      endplates.
AB  - The effect of rapid hyperpolarization on acetylcholine- or carbachol-induced
      currents was studied at voltage clamped frog endplates. Following a
      hyperpolarizing step the agonist-induced conductance increased approximately
      exponentially to a new level. The rate constant for this process was smaller
      during hyperpolarization or lowered temperature, and was also smaller for
      acetylcholine than for carbachol. The results are interpreted in terms of a
      potential-dependent conformational change of the receptor.

PMID- 1080065
TI  - A prospective study of acute pancreatitis.
AB  - All 78 patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to one hospital in a 2-year
      period were included in a prospective survey of conservative management. The
      overall mortality rate was 11.5 per cent, being 46 per cent for 11 patients
      subjected to early laparotomy and only 6 per cent for patients managed without
      operation. Twenty-six patients were considered to have severe acute pancreatitis
      and all 9 deaths occurred in this group. Biliary disease was present in 51 per
      cent of patients, and the majority of those with biliary disease were over 60
      years old. Alcohol-related acute pancreatitis occurred in 26 per cent of the
      total patients, and none of this group was over 60 years old. Acute pancreatitis
      was considered idiopathic in origin in only 13 per cent of the patients. Elective
      biliary surgery in 30 patients resulted in freedom from recurrent attacks of
      acute pancreatitis for the follow-up period (12-30 months). The results compare
      favourably with those in which glucagon and high dosage aprotinin (Trasylol) have
      been utilized in the management of acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 1080066
TI  - Letter: Relative cost of drugs.

PMID- 1080067
TI  - Routine assay for detection of IgG and IgM antiglobulins in seronegative and
      seropositive rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A convenient technique suitable for the routine estimation of IgM and IgG
      antiglobulins has been devised. The assay involves the binding of antiglobulins
      (rheumatoid factors) to rabbit immunoglobulin linked to the surface of plastic
      tubes; the amount of antiglobulin bound is then determined by adding
      radiolabelled antihuman IgG or IgM. Both antiglobulins were raised in virtually
      all seropositive rheumatoid arthritics, and 19 out of 22 seronegative patients
      had raised values for either IgM or IgG rheumatoid factors. The test should prove
      valuable in diagnosis and the results further emphasize autosensitization to IgG
      as a dominant immunological characteristic of different forms of rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 1080068
TI  - Plasticity in the adult frog brain: filling the visual scotoma after excision or
      translocation of parts of the optic tectum.

PMID- 1080069
TI  - Direct control of action potentials by acetylcholine in bullfrog sympathetic
      ganglion cells.

PMID- 1080070
TI  - Uveitis: report of a 10-year survey in Northern Finland.
AB  - In order to determine the distribution of etiologic and diagnostic categories of
      uveitis at the Oulu University Eye Hospital, 653 patients with uveitis treated
      during the years 1964-1974 were reviewed. Of the 653 patients, 321 were men and
      332 women; 547 had anterior, 64 posterior and 42 generalzied uveitis; 524
      unilateral and 129 bilateral; 570 acute and 83 chronic; and 446 single and 207
      recurrent. The etiologic factors were distributed into rheumatoid (7.2%),
      streptococcal (4.1%), tuberculosis (3.7%), toxoplasmosis (3.3%), varicella-zoster
      (1.7%), sarcoidosis (1.4%), staphylococcal (1.1%), leptospirosis (0.6%),
      lymphatic leucemia (0.5%), herpes simplex (0.5%), yersinosis (0.1%) and
      undetermined cases (75.8%). There were no cases of syphilis. Most of the cases in
      this series were anterior and acute uveitis occurring mainly in the age group 20
      59 years.

PMID- 1080071
TI  - A selective medium for the isolation of Saprolegnia spp. from freshwater.

PMID- 1080072
TI  - Ventricular obstruction due to ectasia of the internal carotid artery.
AB  - This is a report of the first recorded instance of ventricular obstruction at the
      foramen of Monro by an ectatic carotid artery. The clinical course,
      investigations and treatment are described.

PMID- 1080073
TI  - Optimal conditions for the growth of malignant human and animal cell populations
      in immunosuppressed mice.
AB  - Immunosuppressed mice have been used to support the growth of xenogeneic human
      and animal malignant cell populations. The optimal conditions for tumor growth
      are neonatal thymectomy coupled with antithymocyte serum or thymectomy, followed
      by whole-body irradiation and bone marrow reconstitution. When mice are
      inoculated with a mixture of normal and malignant cells, the malignant cells have
      a selective advantage. No such selectivity is found when the mixed populations
      are grown in vitro. Human tumors may also be grown in immunosuppressed mice.
      These tumors retain the organization of the original tumor in the human host. The
      advantages of this system to cancer researchers are discussed.

PMID- 1080074
TI  - Surgical treatment of acute coronary insufficiency (impending myocardial
      infarction).

PMID- 1080075
TI  - Results of graft surgery for coronary artery disease: a progress report.
AB  - Coronary artery surgery is here to stay, but it will continue to be influenced by
      accumulating experience and evolving techniques. Direct internal mammary-to
      coronary artery anastomoses offer the hope for improved results in certain
      patients. Tissue-compatible prosthetic grafts could be developed and offer an
      alternative in selected patients. Improved microsurgical techniques may permit
      broader applications with multiple grafts to smaller branches in patients with
      more diffuse disease. We are continually reminded, however, that surgical
      treatment is palliative, and that most of these patients will ultimately die of
      their disease. Thus the search for a better understanding of the arteriosclerotic
      process and improved methods for altering the course of the disease becomes more
      important than ever.

PMID- 1080076
TI  - The fine structure of the iris of the grass frog, Rana pipiens.
AB  - The iris of the grass frog Rana iiens, can respond to light even when isolated
      from the remainder of the animal. The iris is a three-layered structure,
      comprising a stromal layer and two layers of pigment epithelium. The sphincter
      pupillae, which is composed of pigmented smooth muscle cells, is embedded between
      the two layers of pigment epithelium. There is no dilator pupillae in this
      species. We have been unable to find any cells or any organelles in the iris
      which are anatomically specialized for photoreception in any obvious way.

PMID- 1080077
TI  - A possible functional relationship between the subcommissural organ and the
      pineal complex and lateral eyes in Rana esculenta and Rana temporaria.
AB  - In previous publications (Diederen, 1972, 1973) evidence was presented that light
      and darkness hardly influence the secretory activity of the subcommissural organ
      (SCO) in intact frogs, i.e. frogs in which all photo-receptive organs are
      present. In the present study the influence of long daily photoperiods and of
      continuous darkness on the SCO of frogs in which the frontal organ, the pineal
      organ and the eyes were eliminated separately or in combination was studied. The
      parameters used to measure the secretory activity of the SCO were the amount of
      aldehyde-fuchsin(AF)-positive material in the SCO cells, the incorporation of 35S
      cysteine by the SCO cells and the growth rate of Reissner's fibre (RF). Only in
      frogs in which the eyes as well as the entire pineal complex were eliminated was
      an unequivocal influence of light and darkness on the secretory activity of the
      SCO demonstrable: in blinded frogs without a pineal complex, the growth rate of
      RF is clearly enhanced in animals exposed to light. If the eyes or the pineal
      complex or the pineal organ alone have not been eliminated, then the stimulatory
      influence of light on the growth rate of RF can no longer be detected. This
      indicates that light causes the pineal complex and the eyes to exert an
      inhibitory influence on the secretory activity of the SCO. The hypothesis is put
      forward that in intact frogs influences of light on the secretory activity of the
      SCO, at least so far as the production of RF is concerned, are prevented by the
      photo-receptive organs. In this way a functional relationship between the SCO on
      the one hand and the pineal complex and eyes on the other hand may be expressed.
      A mechanism by which the influences of light on the SCO may be prevented by the
      pineal complex and the eyes is suggested.

PMID- 1080079
TI  - A monoamine in the gustatory cell of the frog's taste organ: a fluorescence
      histochemical and electron microscopic study.
AB  - Fluorescence histochemistry reveals that in the frog's taste organ a yellow
      fluorescence is regularly observed at the most basal region of the sensory
      epithelium. The fluorescence has a strong intensity, but it fades rapidly upon
      the UV-irradiation. The peak of the emission spectrum is at 520 mmug. Following
      reserpine treatment the yellow fluroescence is markedly reduced, but not depleted
      completely. From these characteristics the monoamine fluorescence is regarded as
      representing 5-HT (serotonin). The ultrastructural study on sensory epithelia
      shows that the terminal portions of gustatory cell processes are localized at the
      basal region. These portions are filled with dense cored vesicles (700-1000
      angstrom in diameter) and frequently opposed with nerve fibers penetrating into
      the epithelium. The gustatory cell processes are also interposed between the
      terminal portions of nerve fibers. The cytoplasm of the gustatory cell process is
      characterized by many mitochondria, fine filaments and glycogen particles, but
      contains few cored vesicles. The distribution of terminal portions of gustary
      cell processes seems to correspond fairly well to that of the monoamine
      fluorescence observed discontinuously along the basal lamina. Accordingly it is
      concluded that the fluorigenic monoamine is localized in the cored vesicles of
      the gustatory cell.

PMID- 1080078
TI  - Morphological definition of thymocyte subpopulations.
AB  - An attempt was made to distinguish immature from mature, immunocompetent
      thymocytes in the adult mouse using morphological criteria.  All procedures
      enriching for competent thymocytes also enrich small cells whose morphology is
      very similar to the small thymocytes that have been described in the medulla of
      the thymus (Abe and Ito, 1970).  A heterogeneity of competent thymocytes is
      likely since the enriched populations always contain a number of medium sized
      cells.  These latter cells show spontaneous DNA-synthetic activity and are
      probably the source of thymus proliferative activity.  Owing to their
      characteristic morphology these two cell types might represent the precursors for
      each of the two differentiated T cell types that have been found to occur in
      delayed type hypersensitivity (Matter, 1974).

PMID- 1080080
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the wall of the third ventricle of the brain of
      Rana temporia. II. Electron microscopy of the ventricular surface of the pars
      ventralis of the tuber cinereum.
AB  - Scanning electrom microscopy of the ventricular surface of the pars ventralis of
      the tuber cinereum of the frog Rana temporaria shows that it can be divided in
      (1) a dorsolateral area, characterized by the presence of very numerous large,
      solid, bulbous protrusions (2) a medial area, where the large bulbous structures
      are completely absent and which is diffusely covered with very numerous cilia,
      (3) a transiotional area located between the two other regions. The large bulbs,
      shown by scanning electron microscopy, correspond with the end-bulbs of thick
      ventricular dendrites of nerve cells revealed by transmission electron
      microscopy. At least many of these intra-ventricular bulbs are dendritic endings
      of peptidergic neurosecretory neurons, which have been tentatively identified as
      adenohypophysiotropic neuro-hormone producing neurons (Derickx et al., 1972,
      1973a, 1973b). The structural features of the dendritic endings plead in favour
      of a possible receptive role.

PMID- 1080081
TI  - Electron microscopic studies of the lung of the frog. II. Topography of the inner
      surface by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.
AB  - Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the inner
      architecture of the frog lung. In some specimens the alveolar surface mucus layer
      was removed to permit the examination of underlying features. The inner surface
      of the frog's lung is covered by a layer of microvilli belonging to only one type
      of epithelial cells. The boundaries of these epithelial cells are demarcated by
      small ridges. Different degrees of lung expansion cause variations of the surface
      topography. The morphology of certain surface features is examined in detail.
      Several methods of drying the specimens are compared.

PMID- 1080082
TI  - Ultrastructure of the neurohemal hypothalamic floor of the frog, Rana
      catesbeiana.
AB  - The fine structure of the hypothalamic floor was studied in the frog, Rana
      catesbeiana. The regions slightly anterior and posterior to thw swollen
      hypothalamic floor part, which has been classically designated as the median
      eminence, contained neurosecretory axon terminals abutting on the capillary
      walls. The region relatively far anterior to the swollen part did not show
      neurosecretory axons terminating on capillary walls. The neural stalk contiguous
      to the rostral border of the pars intermedia had few neurosecretory axon
      terminals which end on the terminal portions of the ependymal processes covering
      the capillary wall. The functional significance of the regional differentiation
      of the frog neurohypophysis is discussed in connection with the regional
      differentiation of various secretory cells in the adenohypophysis.

PMID- 1080083
TI  - [Does TrasylolR (Bayer) influence the tolerance of aequous iodated contrast
      substances (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080084
TI  - Abnormal left ventricular wall motion at mid-ejection in patients with coronary
      heart disease.
AB  - The degree of inward motion at mid-ejection was examined for seven segments on
      the silhouettes of left ventriculograms taken in the 30 degrees RAO projection in
      patients with normal coronary arteries. The pattern of wall motion described in
      these patients was used to distinguish abnormalities in mid-systolic wall motion.
      One or more abnormally contracting segments were found at mid-ejection of 27 of
      42 patients with obstructive coronary artery disease and normal end-systolic wall
      motion. Of the 57 segments found in these patients, 41 or 72% corresponded to
      sites of significant coronary artery obstruction. Seven patients had
      electrocardiographic evidence of prior infarction. Following coronary graft
      surgery in eight patients improved motion was found in association with graft
      patency in seven priviously delayed segments and two new areas of delayed wall
      motion associated with nonpatent grafts and electrocardiographic changes of
      infarction appeared. We postulate that some of the myocardial fibers in late
      contracting segments have been injured or infarcted and are able to contract
      effectively only during the latter half of ejection when ventricular wall tension
      is reduced.

PMID- 1080085
TI  - Main left coronary artery disease. Clinical experience from 1964-1974.
AB  - Obstructive lesions of the main left coronary artery (LCA) were demonstrated
      angiographically in 73 patients, comprising 4.3% of the total population referred
      to us for diagnostic evaluation of chest pain. Although there were no specific
      historical or clinical features which could absolutely distinguish this subgroup
      from the larger population of coronary artery disease patients, 81% (34/42) of
      the double Master's exercise tests, in which the patient achieved a heart rate of
      at least 110 beats/min. demonstrated greater than or equal 2 mm R-ST segmental
      depression. Of the total group of 73, 32 were evaluated during the six-year
      period from 1964 to 1971 and a preliminary report made in 1972. The diagnosis in
      the remaining 41 patients was established in the 1/2 year period from 1971 to
      1973. The initial 32 patients were seen before the significance of a main LCA
      lesion was appreciated. In this subgroup there were five deaths at the time of
      cardiac catheterization. However, in the more recent group improved recognition
      of patients with possible main LCA disease prior to catheterization has led to a
      much lower death rate related to diagnostic catheterization. Only one of the last
      41 patients undergoing coronary angiography has died. Nineteen patients were
      managed medically. Of this group 17 were considered to be under the same risk of
      death as the surgical candidates. Their mortality rate, as high. The risk of
      hying was 43.6% after 24 months, 51.1% after 36 months, and 73.6% after 42 months
      of observation. Although the initial surgical experience, using internal mammary
      artery implants and saphenous venin bypass grafts, was associated with a high
      mortality, direct revascularization surgery over the last 2 1/2 years has been
      accomplished with a perioperative mortality of only 6.2%. All deaths in the group
      of 40 patients receiving elective revasularization with saphenous vein bypass
      grafts occurred in the first six months following surgery. The risk of dying was
      12.5% after six months of observation and was unchanged for the remainder of the
      follow-up period. After 21 months the difference in survival between the two
      groups is statistically significant (P less than 0.05). The one late death among
      the surgical survivors occurred four months after the operative procedure and was
      related to noncardiovaxcular surgical complications. The surgical survivors have
      been followed for an average of 27 months. Thus revascularization surgery has
      improved the prognosis for patients with main LCA disease. We currently advise
      prompt evaluation for any patient suspected of having this type of obstruction
      and urgent idrect revascularization surgery if this lesion is demonstrated
      angiographically.

PMID- 1080086
TI  - Inhibition of kinin formation by a kallikrein inhibitor during extracorporeal
      circulation in open-heart surgery.
AB  - Involvement of the kinin system was studied in 58 patients during extracorporeal
      circulation in open heart surgery. At the onset of extracorporeal circulation,
      there was no increase of free kinin in blood and no reduction of plasma
      kininogen, when the latter was expressed as mug bradykinin/mg plasma protein.
      With the lapse of time, kinin in the blood increased significantly, and decrease
      of kininogen was also significant. The longer the circulation time, the greater
      the consumption of kininogen. The site of the kinin formation was presumed to be
      the heart-lung machine since the level of kinin increased slightly and kininogen
      decreased gradually in the blood leaving the machine, compared with those levels
      entering the machine. The difference in kininogen was significantly different
      from zero at termination of extracorporeal circulation. Administration of a
      kallikrein-trypsin inhibitor, trasylol (A. G. Bayer), infused into the heart-lung
      machine, prevented the decrease of kininogen. Reduction of the total peripheral
      resistance during this circulation was also prevented. The hemoconcentration,
      presumably the result of vascular permeability increase caused by increased
      kinin, was prevented by trasylol in cases in which extracorporeal circulation
      lasted over 60 minutes. Trasylol applied thus appears to be an effective
      counteragent for circulatory disturbances which occur during extracorporeal
      circulation.

PMID- 1080087
TI  - On the inhibition of elastase by serum. Some distinguishing properties of alpha1
      antitrypsin and alpha2-macroglobulin.
AB  - 1. The influence of serum on the elastolytic and esterolytic activity of elastase
      has been studied. With both substrates the inhibition curves are linear. 1 ml of
      normal human serum inhibits the activity of 0.77 mg of pure porcine elastase. 2.
      Elastase binds faster with alpha2-macroglobulin (k = 3.4-10(6) M-1 S-1) than it
      does with alpha1-antitrypsin (k = 5-10(5) M-1 S-1). 3. The dissociation constant
      of the alpha-antitrypsin -elastase complex is much lower than that of the alpha2
      macroglobulin-elastase complex but both complexes are very stable (Ki less than
      10(-10) M). 4. Protein pi (inter-alpha-inhibitor) does not inhibit elastase.

PMID- 1080088
TI  - Familial Kallmann syndrome with unilateral renal aplasia.
AB  - On the basis of studies in two brothers and their double first cousin, the
      Kallmann syndrome (KS) is discussed as an X-linked syndrome of anosmic
      hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The anosmia is thought to represent agenesis or
      hypoplasia of the olfactory lobes, the mildest form of the alobar
      holoprosencephaly developmental field defect; this is supported by the finding of
      hypotelorism in two of the patients and their mother. The endocrine defect is
      thought to represent a hypothalamic abnormality of the luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone; borderline normal intelligence may represent another pleio
      tropic CNS manifestation of the KS gene. All three affected males had unilateral
      renal aplasia, associated in one with ipsilateral absence of the testis. The
      presence of at least two developmental field defects (involving the CNS and
      urogenital system) makes it likely that the KS is a true multiple congenital
      anomaly syndrome; this is supported by the finding of additional, mostly minor,
      anomalies reported by other investigators. Heterozygous females may also show
      manifestations of anosmia, hypogonadism, possibly even internal genital
      malformation; however, genetic heterogeneity of anosmic hypogonadism is possible,
      and for the time being it is probably better to designate sporadic female cases
      of anosmic hypogonadism as examples of the olfacto-genital syndrome of DeMorsier.
      Linkage studies are urgently needed to clear up the question of genetic
      heterogeneity and to help develop empiric recurrence risk figures in anosmic
      hypogonadism.

PMID- 1080089
TI  - Diagnostic pitfalls in septic arthritis of the hip in infants and children.

PMID- 1080090
TI  - Fibre-optic endoscopy and radiology in the investigation of the ipper
      gastrointestinatract.
AB  - A comparative study is reported of endoscopy and the barium meal in the
      investigation of the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum, based on 281 endoscopies.
      There was total agreement between the two methods in 239 instances, including 101
      normals, 80 peptic ulcers and nine cancers. In nine instances with unequivocal
      follow-up information there was definite disagreement, radiology being wrong in
      two (incorrect confident diagnoses of carcinoma) and endoscopy being wrong in
      seven (three carcinomas and four ulcers not diagnosed). Of 116 normal barium
      meals, 15 definite abnormalities were demonstrated by endoscopy, including six
      peptic ulcers. 'Probable' radiological diagnoses were confirmed by endoscopy in
      44 instances. In those where endoscopy disagreed, radiology was definitely shown
      to be wrong in five, and endoscopy in five. A high degree of accuracy can be
      achieved by the selected use of both techniques, the information obtained from
      each considered of equal importance, and neither being regarded as the final
      arbiter.

PMID- 1080091
TI  - Adrenal weight and catecholamine content in renal and calciferol-induced
      hypertension in rabbits.
AB  - 1. Hypertension was produced in rabbits by unilateral renal encapsulation
      combined with contralateral nephrectomy or by the administration of calciferol
      and calcium lactate. 2. Weighed post mortem, the adrenal glands from the two
      hypertensive groups were significantly heavier than those from normotensive
      animals of similar weight. There was a direct correlation between the adrenal
      gland weight and the mean arterial blood pressure measured at the time of the
      terminal experiment. 3. The catecholamine content of the adrenal glands from the
      two groups of hypertensive animals was similar to that of the normotensive
      animals. 4. There was histological evidence of adrenal cortical hypertrophy in
      the glands of the hypertensive groups of animals.

PMID- 1080092
TI  - The pace of patient processing in the mental health system.
AB  - In consultation to some mental health agencies, we have found the pace and
      quality of patient processing to be needlessly labored, discontinuous, and often
      redundant. Processing is too often "for the record" rather than "for the client."
      Information rarely flows comprehensively, comprehensibly, or continuously between
      the evaluating system and the system from which the client is sent or to which he
      is referred. Contributing factors are identified and analyzed; the processing
      system is demystified. A change in strategy is suggested.

PMID- 1080093
TI  - Fixed dose prostaglandin E2 tablets in the induction of labour in multipara.
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 tablets in a dose of 0.5 mg. hourly were administered to 40
      multiparous patients for induction of labour following amniotomy. Thirty-seven
      patients delivered vaginally within 18 hours, with a mean amniotomy delivery
      interval of 7 hours 53 minutes. The advantages of this method of administration
      are discussed and side-effects reported.

PMID- 1080094
TI  - [Teeth extraction in children with hemophilia A and B].

PMID- 1080095
TI  - Continuous negative chest-wall pressure as therapy for severe respiratory
      distress in older children.
AB  - Continuous negative chest-wall pressure (CNP) was used to treat five children, 4
      to 11 years of age, who had progressively severe respiratory distress caused by
      Pneumocystis carinii penumonitis. After initial improvement, two patients
      developed progressive increases in respiratory rate, alveolar-arterial oxygen
      gradient, intrapulmonary right-to-left shunt, and hypoxia. The disease ended
      fatally in both. The remaining three patients continued to improve and recovered
      from their pulmonary disease. These results show that CNP therapy provides an
      effective means of improving arterial oxygenation in spontaneously breathing
      older children, just as in neonates, without the need for endotracheal
      intubation, prolonged sedation, and muscle relaxants.

PMID- 1080096
TI  - Acetylation rates and monthly liver function tests during one year of isoniazid
      preventive therapy.
AB  - A blind, prospective evaluation of the incidence and course of isoniazid
      associated liver injury was made in 358 hospitalized men. The men were
      psychiatric patients during one year of tuberculosis preventive therapy. Blood
      samples were obtained at monthly intervals from the patients, the majority of
      whom were taking isoniazid. When the data were analyzed at the end of the year, a
      strikingly increased incidence of abnormal serum transaminase (SGOT) and
      bilirubin values was found among the isoniazid recipients. However, most subjects
      demonstrating biochemical evidence of hepatic injury recovered completely while
      continuing to take isoniazid and did not progress to clinically overt hepatitis.
      The mechanism underlying this adaptation to isoniazid injury is unknown. No serum
      antibodies against isoniazid could be demonstrated, and no correlation was found
      between the presence of antinuclear antibodies or elevated isoniazid plasma
      concentrations and the occurrence of hepatic injury. These data support the view
      that hepatotoxic metabolities of isoniazid may be responsible for the liver
      injury.

PMID- 1080097
TI  - Dextrocardia, anteroseptal infarction, and fascicular block.

PMID- 1080098
TI  - Letter: Acute abdomen. An unusual reaction to isoniazid.

PMID- 1080099
TI  - Ionic aspects of excitation in rod outer segments.
AB  - The current status of the problem of ionic mechanisms underlying excitation of
      vertebrate photoreceptors is reviewed. Evidence is presented that the ionic dark
      current of retinal rods is sustained by the action of a ouabain-sensitive Na-K
      exchange pump driven by oxidative metabolism. The photoreceptors are depleted of
      K when the pump is stopped by ouabain. Considerations of cell membrane topology,
      kinetics of the light response, and signal amplification indicate that the light
      induced suppression of the ionic dark current is mediated by a diffusible
      internal chemical transmitter substance. The desensitizing effect of low CA2+
      Ringer's on the light responses of vertebrate rods, along with other indirect
      evidence, suggests that the transmitter substance may be calcium ions released
      from the internal membranous disks of the outer segments.

PMID- 1080100
TI  - Symposium: Evaluation of the colonoscopic examination: indications.

PMID- 1080101
TI  - Symposium: Evaluation of the colonoscopic examination: complications.

PMID- 1080102
TI  - [Cytologic identification of T- and B-lymphocytes in mice].

PMID- 1080103
TI  - [Effect of gravitational stresses on the induction of the auditory capsule in
      rana temporaria embryos].

PMID- 1080104
TI  - [Letter: Antirheumatics].

PMID- 1080105
TI  - [Success of coronary surgery within night].

PMID- 1080106
TI  - Surface carbohydrate composition of different types of chicken lymphocytes.
AB  - A simple and quick procedure was used to analyse the carbohydrate composition of
      surface glycoproteins from chicken lymphocytes. The procedure included papain
      digestion of the cells, a two-step purification of the supernatant material and a
      sugar analysis by gaschromatography. The method made it possible to analyse
      samples of about 10(9) lymphocytes. The surface glycoproteins from different
      chicken lymphocyte preparations were found to differ significantly in their sugar
      composition. Lymphocytes from thymus, bursa, spleen or blood were characterized
      by typical relative amounts of glucose, galactosamine, fucose and sialic acid.
      The values for mannose, glucosamine and galactose, however, were approximately
      1:1:1 for all four lymphocyte preparations. Bursectomy or thymectomy in
      combination with whole body irradiation altered the carbohydrate composition
      significantly. The results suggest the possibility that the carbohydrate
      composition can be used as a marker for different lymphocyte populations. The
      results are also discussed in respect to the hypothesis that carbohydrate
      determinants on the cell surface determine the migration of lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080107
TI  - Idiopathic orthostatic hypotension. Biochemical and pathologic observations in 2
      cases.
AB  - Two cases of idiopathic orthostatic hypotension are reported, one associated with
      striato-nigral degeneration (case 1) and the other with Lewy body parkinsonism
      (case 2). In case 1, cerebrospinal fluid monoamine studies were carried out
      before and during treatment with 5-HTP and L-dopa. Low values of 5-HIAA appeared
      to be associated with degeneration of the spinal cord intermediolateral column. L
      dopa had a beneficial effect on both parkinsonism and hypotension over a period
      of 6 months. New pathologic observations included changes in the sacral cord and
      a topographically related involvement of the substantia nigra and striatum,
      consistent with recent experimental neuroanatomical data.

PMID- 1080108
TI  - Coronary arteriographic appearances in patients with left anterior hemiblock.
AB  - 24 of 163 consecutive patients (14.7%) undergoing selective coronary
      arteriography were found to have electrocardiographic evidence of left anterior
      hemiblock. 3 patients (2 of whom had alcoholic cardiomyopathy) had normal
      coronary arteries, 15 patients had triple vessel disease, 3 patients had double
      vessel disease, and 3 patients had single vessel disease. 18 patients (75%) had
      moderate to severe left ventricular enlargement as estimated by left
      ventriculogram. Comparison of these angiographic findings with those of 88
      patients with normal intraventricular conduction showed the distribution of the
      coronary artery disease to be essentially similar in the two groups but that
      significant left ventricular enlargement was at least three times more frequent
      in patients with left anterior hemiblock than in patients with normal
      intraventricular conduction. It is suggested that the development of left
      anterior hemiblock depends more upon the presence of left ventricular enlargement
      than on the distribution of the coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1080109
TI  - Mechanical and electrical causes for lack of frequency potentiation in normal
      patients, in coronary artery disease and in left bundle branch block.
AB  - Nine atrial pacing (SP) runs and 8 ventricular pacing (VP) runs were carried out
      in patients without heart disease, and 10 AP runs in patients with coronary
      artery disease (CAD). For evaluation of myocardial contractility, the time
      derivative of left ventricular pressure (dpdt) was used. Comparing rest and AP at
      155/min, AP in normal patients revealed a significant increase in dP/dtmax and a
      significant decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). This
      represents frequency potentiation. When comparing rest and VP values at 155/min
      in normal patients, no changes in dP/dtmax and LVEDP were seen. AP in patients
      with CAD demonstrated no change in dP/dtmax, but a decrease in LVEDP when
      compared to the rest values. dP/dtmin and left ventricular systolic pressure did
      not change in the 3 groups. VP, and even AP, in 2 additional patients with
      isolated left bundle branch block (LBBB) AND WITHOUt associated heart disease,
      revealed the same constellation of parameters as VP in normal patients. Our
      results show a lack of frequency potentiation in normal patients during VP and in
      patients with isolated LBBB during both AP and VP. It is concluded that the lack
      of frequency potentiation during AP in CAD is produced primarily by mechanical
      asynchrony of contraction, angiographically demonstrated as akinesia and
      dyskinesia. The lack of frequency potentiation in normal patients during VP and
      in patients with isolated LBBB due to asynchrony of activation resulting in
      asynchrony of contraction.

PMID- 1080110
TI  - Unusual cholinergic response of bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells.
AB  - The membrane of bullfrog sympathetic ganglion cells was hyperpolarized by a
      direct action of ACh (more than 0.5 mM) in a solution containing both nicotine
      (0.24 mM) and atropine (0.14 mM). This ACh hyperpolarization could be imitated by
      neither carbachol nor bethanechol, suggesting that the ACh hyperpolarization was
      the response which was produced by a specific action of ACh, which appeared to be
      neither nicotinic nor muscarinic. The size of ACh hyperpolarization was increased
      during a conditioning hyperpolarization. The ACh hyperpolarization was completely
      blocked by ouabain (2 times 10(-3) mM) and eliminated in the Na-free lithium
      solution. These aspects of the ACh hyperpolarization suggested that generation of
      this hyperpolarization was associated with the sodium pump. The ACh
      hyperpolarization seemed to be partially responsible for the production of the
      slow IPSP, since a part of the slow IPSP remained occasionally in the presence of
      both nicotine and atropine.

PMID- 1080111
TI  - Effects of glutamate and glutamic acid diethyl ester on the lobster muscle fibre
      and the frog spinal cord.
AB  - The effect of bath applications of glutamic acid diethyl ester (GDE) and
      glutamate on the lobster muscle fibre and the from spinal cord were examined. In
      the lobster muscle fibre GDE (2 X 10(-3) M) did not antagonize the depolarizing
      action of glutamate (10(-4) M). In the frog spinal cord a small reduction in the
      excitatory effects of glutamate (10(-4)-10(-3) M) after GDE pretreatment was
      found only if the latter was given in very high doses (over 2 X 10(-3) M) which
      stimulated the neuronal firing. These observations show that GDE is not a
      specific antagonist of glutamate in these tissues.

PMID- 1080112
TI  - Hydro-osmotic activity of "carba' analogues of oxytocin and [8-arginine]
      vasopressin on frog (Rana esculenta) bladder.
AB  - The biological potency of neurohypophysial hormone analogues in stimulating water
      transport across the frog bladder (Rana esculenta) was estimated from the pD2
      (negative logarithm of the peptide concentration eliciting 50% of its maximal
      hydroosmotic effect) and from the maximal response. Most analogues elicited
      maximal responses similar to those of the natural hormones. Both replacement of
      sulfur by a methylene group in the disulfide bridge and omission of the terminal
      amino group in oxytocin reduced hydroosmotic activity; carba substitution in
      oxytocin led to a greater drop in pD2 than the same substitution in deamino
      oxytocin. On the contrary, the effects of substituting phenylalanine for tyrosine
      and of omitting the amino group were almost additive. Elimination of the carboxyl
      terminal tripeptide sequence considerably reduced hydroosmotic potency;
      pressinamide was inactive up to 3 mug/ml. The highly potent antidiuretic
      peptides, deamino-[D-Arg8]vasopressin and deamino-6-carba-]D-Arg8]vasopressin,
      were weakly active in the hydroosmotic assay.

PMID- 1080113
TI  - The chloride-dependent depression by GABA in the frog spinal cord.
AB  - Spontaneous activities from ventral and dorsal roots of the isolated perfused
      spinal cord of the bullfrog were inhibited by GABA. beta-Alanine showed a strong
      and glycine a weaker inhibitory effect. The inhibitory effect of GABA was
      markedly reduced in a chloride-free medium, whereas glycine and beta-alanine
      still showed an inhibitory effect similar to that seen in normal medium.
      Employing the sucrose-gap method, a marked depolarization in the dorsal root and
      a small but obvious hyperpolarization in the ventral root were found by the
      application of GABA. These results support the view that GABA is one of the
      transmitters involved in pre- and postsynaptic inhibition of the spinal cord. The
      postsynaptic hyperpolarizing effect of GABA on motoneurones would be caused
      directly through increased permeability of the membrane to chloride ion. The
      depolarizing effect of GABA on primary afferent terminals is discussed in
      connection with chloride dependency.

PMID- 1080114
TI  - The effect of aprotinin on the harmine-induced tremor in lymphostatic
      encephalopathic and normal rats.
AB  - In normal and lymphostatic encephalopathic rats, aprotinin pretreatment alters
      the duration of the harmine tremor and the cerebral concentration of the
      alkaloid; low doses shorten the tremor and decrease the concentration, a high
      dose causes the opposite. Aprotinin may decrease or increase the blood-brain
      barrier permeability of harmine. Because the findings are similar in both groups
      of rats the blood-brain barrier for harmine is assumed to be intact in
      lymphostatic encephalopathy. However, sick rats possibly suffer from an impaired
      cerebral elimination of harmine.

PMID- 1080115
TI  - The origin of blood k-hydroxyindoleacetic acid following L-hydrazino-alpha
      methyldopa (MK-486).
AB  - Blood 5-HIAA-14C levels derived from exogenous D,L-5-HTP-14C were investigated in
      normal, sham-operated and nephrectomized rats pretreated with MK-486 and
      probenecid (200 mg/kg i.p.). Blood 5-HIAA-14C levels decreased in nephrectomized
      rats following probenecid. Peripheral decarboxylase inhibition by MK-486 was
      enhanced by both probenecid and nephrectomy. Increased penetration of 5-HTP into
      brain occurred following probenecid. The results indicate that following MK-486
      about 20% of the blood 5-HIAA-14C derived from 5-HTP-14C in rats originates in
      the CNS.

PMID- 1080116
TI  - The origin of blood 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid following L-hydrazine-alpha
      methyldopa (MK-486).
AB  - Blood 5-HIAA-14C levels derived from exogenous D,L-5-HTP-14C were investigated in
      normal, sham-operated and nephrectomized rats pretreated with MK-486 and
      probenecid (200 mg/kg i.p.). Blood 5-HIAA-14C levels decreased in nephrectomized
      rats following probenecid. Peripheral decarboxylase inhibition by MK-486 was
      enhanced by both probenecid and nephrectomy. Increased penetration of 5-HTP into
      brain occurred following probenecid. Thr results indicate that the following MK
      486 about 20% of the blood 5-HIAA-14C derived from 5-HTP-14C in rats originates
      in the CNS.

PMID- 1080117
TI  - The effect of light on the respiration of retinas of several vertebrate and
      invertebrate species with special emphasis on the effects of acetylcholine and
      gamma-aminobutyric acid on the frog retina.

PMID- 1080118
TI  - Effects of certain indoleamines in the hippocampal-septal circuit.

PMID- 1080119
TI  - Capillaria hepatica: granuloma formation to eggs.  III. Anti-immunoglobulin
      augmentation and reagin acitivity in mice.

PMID- 1080120
TI  - Serotonergic and cholinergic mechanisms during disruption of approach and
      avoidance behavior.
AB  - Injections of D,L-5-hydroxytryptophan (D,L-5-HTP) into pigeons and rats working
      on approach schedules produce a period of behavioral depression that is
      temporally correlated to increased levels of total serotonin (5-?HT) in the
      telencephalon and diencephalon. Administration of alpha-methyl-meta-tyrosine
      (alpha-MMT) also results in depressed responding; however, the temporal
      correlation is with decreased levels of total 5-HT in brain. Our hypothesis to
      explain these two apparent opposite biochemical states which result in similar
      behavioral disruptions is that in both cases more 5-HT is released within certain
      key serotonergic synapses mediating this behavior. Evidence from subcellular
      studies supports this concept. tnot only are the levels of 5-HT significantly
      higher in preparations of nerve endings isolated from the telencephalon and
      diencephalon of pigeons given injections of D,L-5-HTP, but in vitro studies also
      show that low concentrations of L-5-HTP significantly increased the release of
      radioactive 5-HT from serotonergic nerve endings. On the other hand, L-5-HTP in
      much higher concentrations had no effect on the release of labeled dopamine or
      norephinephrine. A major metabolite of alpha-MMT, alpha-methyl meta tyramine,
      also caused a significant increase in the release of labeled 5-?HT from similar
      preparations of nerve endings. Whereas serotonin appears to be involved in the
      disruption of approach behavior, another series of studies have indicated that
      acetylcholine may play a role in excitation during avoidance behavior. Behavioral
      excitation observed following administration of tetrabenazine 18 hr after
      iproniazid pretreatment to rats working on shock-avoidance schedules was
      temporally correlated with lowered levels of acetylcholine in the telencephalon.
      Pretreatment with 0.8 mg/kg of atropine blocked excitation whereas one-eight of
      this dose increased the duration. Excitation in these rats was shortened by 50%
      following bilateral septal lesions, which lowered brain acetylcholine levels.
      Mechanisms to explain these neurochemical correlates of behavior are discussed.

PMID- 1080121
TI  - Letter: T-cells in Crohn's disease.

PMID- 1080122
TI  - Cell-mediated immune reactivity to hepatitis B surface antigen in liver diseases.
AB  - The cellular immune reactivity to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was studied
      in patients with liver diseases using a purified preparation of HBsAg and the
      leukocyte-migration agarose test. Inhibition of leukocyte migration by HBsAg was
      found in all 9 patients in the acute phase of viral hepatitis but not during
      convalescence. HBsAg inhibited migration of leukocytes in only 1 of 15 patients
      with chronic persistent hepatitis, in none of 16 with chronic periportal
      hepatitis, and in 2 of 21 with nonhepatic liver diseases. In normal control
      subjects inhibition of migration was found only in 1 physician exposed to HBsAg.
      Similar but not identical results were obtained with HBsAg-positive serum used as
      antigen. In patients with chronic hepatitis there was no correlation between
      reactivity to HBsAg and the presence of autoantibodies or anti-HBs. While further
      investigations using other preparations of antigens associated with HBV (e.g.,
      hepatitis B core antigen) may better clarify the role of hepatitis B virus in
      some liver diseases, the present investigations suggest that a reactivity to
      HBsAg in patients with acute viral hepatitis may indicate clearing of the
      antigen, whereas in patients with chronic hepatitis it may reflect a state of
      specific tolerance to this antigen.

PMID- 1080123
TI  - [Shock in obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 1080124
TI  - Endocrine adaptation to osmotic requirements of the environment: endocrine
      factors in osmoregulation by lungfishes and amphibians.

PMID- 1080125
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity to hepatitis B surface antigen in blood donors with
      persistent antigenaemia.
AB  - Cellular immunity to the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and a liver-specific
      lipoprotein was studied, using the leucocyte migration test, in 38 asymptomatic
      blood donors found to have HBsAg in the serum. Sensitization to HBsAg was found
      in 26% and was related to the presence of liver damage, being detected in 47% of
      those with elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase but in only 13% with normal
      enzyme levels. The frequency of sensitization to this antigen in those with
      chronic persistent or chronic aggressive hepatitis on biopsy was also higher than
      in those with unrelated or minimal changes. The findings using the liver-specific
      lipoprotein as antigen were similar and there was a correlation between the
      results obtained with this and the hapatitis B surface antigen. This study
      supports the hypothesis that a T-lymphocyte response to hepatitis B virus antigen
      can initiate an autoimmune reaction to antigens such as liver-specific
      lipoprotein on the hepatocyte surface, and that this reaction may be of
      importance in the production of chronic liver damage. In the absence of the T
      cell response, the autoimmune reaction cannot occur and the virus is able to
      establish a harmless symbiotic union with the host.

PMID- 1080126
TI  - [B-lymphocytic leukemia--chronic lymphosarcoma cell leukemia--study of a case].

PMID- 1080127
TI  - Adapting the individual problem-oriented record for use with families.

PMID- 1080128
TI  - Letter: The hairy cell.

PMID- 1080129
TI  - Independent appearance of anti-thymocyte and anti-RNA antibodies in NZB/NZW F1
      mice.
AB  - NZB and NZB/NZW (B/W) mice were studied for natural thymocytoxic
      autoantibody(NTA) and antibody to reovirus RNA by cytotoxicity and
      radioimmunoassay respectively.NZB mice developed NTA by 2-3 months of age.  RNA
      antibodies appeared later if atall.  NTA and anti-RNA were present in B/W mice
      starting at 4-5 months and increased in frequency with age.  Either activity
      could appear first and could be present without the other.  Thus, all four
      possible patterns of autoantibody occurrence were found.  NTA and anti-RNA in 12
      month B/W sera were separable by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation;
      NTA is a 19S IgM antibody whereas anti-RNA is 7S.

PMID- 1080130
TI  - Mechanisms of corticosteroid action on lymphocyte subpopulations.  I.
      Redistribution of circulating T and b lymphocytes to the bone marrow.
AB  - The effect of corticosteroid administration on the redistribution of sirculating
      lymphocytes was studied in the guinea-pig, since this species closely resembles
      man in its relative resistance to the lymphopenic effect of corticosteroids.  A
      single intravenous injection of hydrocortisone (either 10 mg or 100 mg/kg) caused
      a profound but transient lymphocytopenia which was maximal at 4 hours following
      injection, with a returnto normal counts by 24 hours.  There was a
      proportionately greater decrease in circulating T lymphocytes compared to B
      lymphocytes, although both populations were diminished.  Chronic cortisone
      acetate treatment (100 mg/kg subcutaneously for 7 days) caused a similiar pattern
      of lymphocytopenia except that it was sustained during the period of chronically
      elevated plasma cortisol levels. The lymphocytes remaining inthe circulation
      during the period of lymphocytopenia responded normally in vitro to the mitogens
      phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and pokeweek mitogen.  There was very
      littleeffect of corticosteroid administration on the numbers, proportions, or
      mitogenic response of splenic lymphocytes.  There was a dramatic increase in the
      bone marrow of proportions and absolute numbers of lymphocytes bearing surface T
      and B-cell markers, as well as a marked increase in response of bone marrow
      lymphocytes to mitogenic stimulation during the period of maximal circulating
      lymphocytopenia caused by the administration of corticosteroids, especially
      chronic cortisone acetate.  There was a preferential homing of reinfused -51Cr
      labelled syngeneic peripheral blood lymphocytes to the bone marrow of
      corticosteroid-treated recipients.  These studies demonstrate aredistribution of
      circulating lymphocytes to the bone marrow during corticosteroid treatment,
      resulting in an increase in immunocompetence of this compartment, while the
      peripheral blood lymphocyte compartment is quantitatively immunosuppressed due to
      a lymphocytopenia.

PMID- 1080131
TI  - The migratory behavior of T blasts to contact sensitivity reactions in
      activelyand passively sensitized mice.
AB  - The arrival of cells from lymph nodes immunized with the contact sensitizing
      agents oxazolone and picryl chloride at ears challenged with these antigens was
      studied inmice using the technique of labelling with -51Cr.  An apparent
      specificity of arrival was seen because the immune cells transfered contact
      sensitivity passively, giving rise to an inflammatory response in the ear, to
      which a subpopulation of cells (T blasts) was non-specifically attracted.  It was
      also shown that there are at least two distinct populations of cells with the
      ability to move to inflammatory sites: the first, found in immunized lymph nodes,
      moves to contact sensitivity reactions in both actively and passively sensitized
      mice; the second, found in bone marrow and oil-induced peritoneal exudates, moves
      to contact sensitivity reactions in actively sensitized mice, whereas in
      passively sensitized mice, the arrival of these cells at contact sensitivity
      reaction is poor.  It is suggested that the ability of T blasts to move to sites
      of inflammation my be useful as an assay technique for contact sensitivity
      reactions.

PMID- 1080132
TI  - Plasmid-linked ampicillin resistance in haempohilus influenza type b.
AB  - Four ampicillin-resistant, beta-lactamase-producing strains of Haempohilus
      influenzae type b were examined for the presence of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid
      (DNA). Three resistant strains contained a 30 x 10-6-dalton (30Mdal) plasmid and
      one resitant strain contained a 3-Mdal plasmid. The ampicillin-sensitive
      Haemophilus strains examined did not contain plasmid DNA. Transformation of a
      sensitive H. influenzae strain to ampicillin resistance with isolated plasmid DNA
      preparations revealed that the structural gene for beta-lactamase resided on both
      plasmid species. DNA-DNA hybridization studies showed that the 30-Mdal
      Haemophilus plasmid contained the ampicillin translocation DNA segment (TnA)
      found on some R-factors of enteric origin of the H. influenzae plasmids.

PMID- 1080133
TI  - Rosette formation of pig T lymphocytes with sheep erythrocytes.
AB  - The relationship of sheep RBC rosette formation to density of thymus and blood
      lymphocytes was investigated. Thymocyte density was unimodal and cells of all
      densities rosetted equally. Blood lymphocyte density was bimodal with most
      rosette-forming cells in the denser ficoll layers. Papain treatment of SRBC
      increases rosette formation with blood lymphocytes while apparently maintaining
      specificity of T cells.

PMID- 1080134
TI  - Immune response to Trichinella spiralis in the rat. I. Development of cellular
      and humoral responses during chronic infection.
AB  - The immune response of rats to infection with Trichinella spiralis was studied
      serially for more than 1 year. Initial antigen-specific cellular reactivity,
      assessed by the lymphocyte transformation response, developed in the draining
      mesenteric nodes 3 days after infection. After 1 week reactive lymphocytes were
      detectable in the spleen and circulating blood, but the more 'remote' peripheral
      nodes did not harbor antigen-reactive cells until late in the second week.
      Thereafter, the patterns of antigen-responsiveness varied among the different
      lymphoid pools, but in all cases a decline in reactivity was seen after the first
      month. Serum hemagglutinating and homocytotropic antibodies, detectable by the
      tenth day, reached their peaks after 1 month of infection. Hemagglutinating
      titers persisted for more than 1 year but homocytotropic antibody was lost over
      this period. Comparisons are drawn between the evolution of the natural infection
      and the development of the host's immune response.

PMID- 1080135
TI  - The nature of the deoxyribonucleosides involved in the binding of carcinogenic
      hydrocarbons to the DNA of mouse embryo cells.
AB  - The DNA of mouse embryo cells was specifically labelled in the purine moieties
      with (G(3)H)-deoxyadenosine or in the cytosine moieties with (5-(3)H)
      deoxycytidine. These cells were then treated with 7-methylbenz (a) anthracene
      (7MBA) or benzo (a)-pyrene (B(a)P) and the DNA isolated, degraded and
      fractionated by LH20 Sephadex column chromatography. When the purines of the DNA
      were tritium-labelled, radioactive hydroccarbondeoxyribonucleoside products were
      obtained. No such products were found with deoxycytidine pre-labelled DNA.
      Contrary to an earlier suggestion, these results indicate that it is the purine
      moieties of DNA which react with the metabolically activated hydrocarbon
      derivative in vivo.

PMID- 1080136
TI  - Corticosteroids in herpes simplex and zoster.

PMID- 1080137
TI  - Differential regeneration of intestinal proliferative cells and cryptogenic cells
      after irradiation.
AB  - A dose of 900 rad gamma-rays to mice reduces the number of cryptogenic cells
      (those capable of crypt regeneration) per small intestinal crypt from about 80 to
      about 2 per surviving crypt. The surviving cells repopulate the crypt, the
      estimated cell-number doubling-time being about 24 hours, and on the fourth day
      after irradiation their numbers are still slightly below normal. The regeneration
      patterns for cryptogenic and proliferative cells differ significantly over the
      first 4 days after irradiation. The numbers of proliferative cells fall initially
      and remain low while the cryptogenic cells are increasing in number. The low
      levels persist for the first 1-5--2 days, after which there is a rapid rise in
      proliferative cells per crypt with a significant overshoot on the third day and a
      peak on the fourth day. The number of proliferative cells per crypt in control
      animals is about twice the number of cryptogenic cells. This ratio is on average
      12 after irradiation (days 1--4). These data add support to the hypothesis that
      the small intestinal crypts contain a sub-population of stem cells that are
      distinct from the proliferative cells.

PMID- 1080138
TI  - Mechanisms of protection of gamma-irradiated bacteriophage lambda by proflavine.
AB  - The protective effect of proflavine on gamma-irradiated bacteriophage lambda and
      its isolated DNA was investigated under conditions of predominantly indirect or
      direct effects. In both conditions addition of small amounts of the dye during
      irradiation of phage or DNA was shown to enhance their biological activity.
      Protection against indirect effects results probably from extensive scavenging of
      radioinduced water radicals within the medium. On the other hand the results
      obtained at minus 196 degrees C, with irradiated DNA-proflavine complexes, imply
      the existence of a long-range transfer of the primary radiation damage of DNA
      towards the intercalated molecules of proflavine. A mechanism for the protective
      effect of proflavine against the direct effect of ionizing radiation on
      biologically active DNA is suggested.

PMID- 1080139
TI  - Comparsion of the oxygen-enhancement ratio for gamma-ray-induced double-strand
      breaks in the DNA of bacteriophage T7 as determined by two different methods of
      analysis.
AB  - Bacteriophage T7 was irradiated in a protecting medium under nitrogen and oxygen
      with 60Co gamma-rays. Double-strand breaks were measured by sucrose-gradient
      sedimentation and by boundary-sedimentation analysis. Both methods showed that
      the presence of oxygen during irradiation enhanced the production of double
      strand breaks. This is at variance with a recent report which suggests that
      boundary-sedimentation analysis does not show an effect of oxygen. The
      discrepancy must be ascribed to differences in interpretation of the
      sedimentation data.

PMID- 1080140
TI  - Thermoluminescent properties of crystalline halogen substituted uracils.
AB  - The thermoluminescent properties of crystalline uracil (U), and its halogen
      substituted derivatives, 5 bromo-uracil (5BrU), 5 fluorouracil (5FU) and 5 iodo
      uracil (5IU), have been investigated. The X-ray-induced thermoluminescent output
      increases in the order U less than 5 FU less than 5BrU less than 5IU. However, a
      reversed relationship is found for the U.V.-stimulated thermoluminescence. The
      thermoluminescence-emission spectra suggest that the same de-excitation process
      operates in all the halogen-substituted uracils, but the glow curves show that
      the charge-trapping characteristics are different for each material.

PMID- 1080141
TI  - Some aspects of brain neurochemistry after intrauterine exposure to tritium.
AB  - Rats were continuously exposed to tritiated water (0, 1, 10 and 100 muCi HTO/ml
      body water) from conception to birth. Calculated, cumulative whole-body doses to
      the embryo and foetus were approximately 0, 6-6, 66 and 660 rad. The levels of
      several enzymes and established or presumptive central nervous system
      neurotransmitters were examined postnatally in whole brains. These were
      norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine
      oxidase (MAO). Intrauterine exposures to doses as low as 66 rad produced
      measurable and persistent decreases in brain weight and increases in NE
      concentrations at 21 and 45 days postnatally. No differences from control values
      were seen in the rate of turnover of NE or the concentrations of DA, AChE or MAO
      at 45 days. Exposure in utero to 6-6 rad produced no detectable postnatal effects
      on the brain neurochemical parameters measured.

PMID- 1080142
TI  - Biological properties and response to x-rays of first-generation transplants of
      spontaneous mammary carcinomas in C3H mice.
AB  - First-generation transplants of spontaneous mouse mammary carcinomas have been
      used extensively for radiobiological investigations of fractionated irradiation
      schedules, r.b.e. of fast neutrons and effectiveness of radiosensitizers, as
      reported elsewhere. The present work investigates the growth characteristics of
      the tumours; the criteria for the choice of end-points used in the definition of
      'local control' of irradiated tumours; the reason for a decrease of 30 per cent
      in X-ray dose required to control tumours in females as compared with male mice;
      the proportion of hypoxic cells and its variation with time (reoxygenation) after
      a single dose of 1500 rad of X-rays; and the repair capacity of tumour cells
      within 24 hours after a substantial first dose of X-rays. Evidence is presented
      that the male-female difference was due to a higher proportion of hypoxic cells
      in tumours in male than in female mice. The repair of sub-lethal injury in tumour
      cells made hypoxic was slightly less than in skin made hypoxic but not
      significantly so. In the two-dose experiments on clamped tumours, no evidence of
      induced synchrony was found.

PMID- 1080143
TI  - Letter: The sensitivity of E. coli phage T6 to inactivation by selective
      inorganic radicals.

PMID- 1080144
TI  - Letter: Effects of x-rays on Ag-DNA complexes.

PMID- 1080145
TI  - Letter: Antineoplastic effect of iodine-125-labelled iododeoxyuridine.

PMID- 1080146
TI  - Partial purification and properties of cathepsin D in the retinal pigment
      epithelium.
AB  - Cathespin D from the retinal pigment epithelium of bovine eyes was purified about
      25-fold from a crude extract of retinal pigment epithelium by acid treatment,
      ammonium sulfate fractionation, and Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. The
      purified enzyme hydrolyzed bovine serum albumin optimally at pH values close to
      4.0. Exposure of the enzyme to 60 degrees C. for 2 minutes resulted in 50 per
      cent inactivation of the activity. The enzyme activity was completely inhibited
      by 0.1 microgram per milliliter of pepstatin, slightly inhibited by trasylol, and
      not affected by soybean trypsin inhibitor. The apparent molecular weight of
      cathepsin D was estimated to be about 60,000 by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200.

PMID- 1080147
TI  - Color vision: blue deficiencies in children?
AB  - Recent publicized reports based on the use of the Farnsworth Panel D-15 test
      suggest that a large percentage of young children have a deficiency of blue
      vision (tritan type). In our study, 413 school children (ages 3 to 10) were
      tested with both the Farnsworth Panel D-15 test, as well as the A.O. H-R-R
      plates. None of the children failed either test for blue-yellow vision when
      traditional scoring instructions were observed. As in previous reports, we find
      that the children make a number of minor errors which adults rarely make. These
      errors show marked age-related patterns, being more frequent in younger children.
      However, further analysis of these errors revealed that the relative frequency
      with which particular error types were made on the D-15 test was significantly
      correlated with the existing perceived color difference data for the visually
      normal adult population. In addition, retesting significantly reduced all error
      types and reversing the test sequence demonstrated that most of the minor errors
      were made in the last half of the test regardless of the color vision task. The
      overall increase in the number of minor test errors seen with young children
      seems unrelated to color defects. The modified scoring methods in conjunction
      with the characteristics of the Panel D-15 test design account for the high
      percentage of errors classified as errors of blue vision.

PMID- 1080148
TI  - Fate of transforming bacteriophage HP1 deoxyribonucleic acid in Haemophilus
      influenzae lysogens.
AB  - The biological fate of temperate phage HP1 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was
      followed after uptake by defectively lysogenic competent Haemophilus influenzae
      cultures. The similar inactivation kinetics of three single phage genetic markers
      and of their triple combination indicated a complete rather than partial
      destruction of about half of the adsorbed DNA molecules. Intracellular DNA
      breakdown products were tentatively identified by hydroxyapatite column
      chromatography as short single strands and extensively damaged short double
      strands. Integrated donor DNA (after single-strand insertion?) was still highly
      efficient for triple-marker co-transformation. This suggests that whole or nearly
      whole donor DNA molecules were integrated. Some donor DNA was never integrated
      but remained largely unaltered. This DNA fraction did not contain significant
      amounts of recipient prophage marker activity. It is concluded that it had not
      participated in some kind of reciprocal recombination event involving the
      recipient chromosome. Since very similar phage DNA marker inactivation rates were
      observed after adsorption by competent nonlysogenic recipients (transfection),
      the relationship between biological inactivation of adsorbed donor phage DNA and
      its integration in lysogenic recipients is not clear.

PMID- 1080149
TI  - Single-strand regions in the deoxyribonucleic acid of competent Haemophilus
      influenzae.
AB  - The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of competent wild-type Haemophilus influenzae and
      rec1 mutant cells contains single-strand regions, as judged by alkaline sucrose
      sedimentation, benzoylated naphthoylated diethylaminoethyl-cellulose
      fractionation, and digestion with an enzyme specific for single-strand regions in
      DNA. In contrast, the DNA of competent rec2 cells does not contain single-strand
      regions. Since transforming DNA does not associate with recipient DNA in the rec2
      mutant as it does in wild type and rec1, it is concluded that the single-strand
      regions in the DNA of the competent cells are important for an early step in
      recombination between cell DNA and transforming DNA.

PMID- 1080150
TI  - Pediococcus cerevisiae mutant with altered transport of folates.
AB  - A Pediococcus cerevisiae mutant that actively accumulated folate (PteGlu), in
      contrast to the wild-type, was also found to exhibit changes in the pattern of
      uptake of 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate (5-CH3-H4PteGlu) and amethopterin. Most of
      the 5-CH3-H4PteGlue accumulated through a glucose- and temperature-dependent
      process, and a concentrative uptake was also found in gluocse-starved cells and
      in cells incubated at OC. About 75% of the accumulated 5-CH3-H4PteGlu exchanged
      with amethopterin. In contrast to the wild type, the mutant accumulated both
      diastereoisomers of 5-CH3-H4PteGlue by glucose-dependent and glucose-independent
      processes. Amethopterin and PteGlue competitively inhibited the uptake in both
      processes, with an apparent lower affinity of the carrier for PteGlu than for the
      analogue. p-Chloromercuribenzoate strongly inhibited the uptake (75%). The p
      chloromercuribenzoate-nonsusceptible and temperature-independent uptake was also
      competed by amethopterin. Metabolic poisons like sodium azide, potassium
      fluoride, iodoacetate, and 2,4-dimitrophenol inhibited the glucose-dependent
      process. Uptake, in the absence of glucose, was enhanced by sodium azide and
      potassium fluoride.

PMID- 1080151
TI  - Capsular polymer of Haemophilus influenzae, type b. I. Structural
      characterization of the capsular polymer of strain Eagan.
AB  - The capsular type-specific antigen of Haemophilus influenzae, type b, has been
      reported to have a unit structure composed of D-ribose and phosphate. Recently,
      the presence of ribitol was found in preparations of type b capsular antigen. Our
      analytical results show equimolar proportions of ribose, ribitol, and phosphate.
      Periodate oxidation studies, paper chromatography of acidic and alkaline
      hydrolysates, and NMR spectral data indicate the structure of the capular antigen
      of H. influenzae b, strain Eagan to be a polyribosylribitol phosphate polymer.

PMID- 1080152
TI  - The occurrence of actinlike filaments in association with migrating pigment
      granules in frog retinal pigment epithelium.
AB  - In the retina of the frog and certain other animals, melanin pigment granules
      move in response to light so as to shield photoreceptor outer segments. The
      granules are contained within the cells of the pigment epithelium (PE) which lie
      as a continuous sheet between the neural retina and the choroid. Moderate
      illumination of the eye causes the melanin granules to move from a region within
      a PE cell body into numerous fingerlike extensions of the cell which
      interdigitate with the receptor outer segments. This migration takes many minutes
      and is reversed when the light falling on the eye increases in intensity. Several
      reviews are concerned with the early descriptions of this phenomenon (6,30) and
      with more recent experiments (1,5,19). The mechanism of the pigment granule
      motion is undetermined although there are studies concerning PE ultrastructure
      (8, 23, 31), scanning electron microscopy of the fingerlike extensions of the PE
      cells (27), the role of the PE in photoreceptor phagocytosis (32), the nature of
      the pigment granules (19), and the action spectrum of the light which induces the
      migration (16). This study reports the presence of a system of microfilaments
      associated with the pigment granules in the fingerlike extensions processes of
      the PE cells. We demonstrate by heavy meromyosin (HMM) labeling that the
      filaments are actinlike in character and suggest that these filaments could be
      responsible for the migration of the melanin pigment granules.

PMID- 1080153
TI  - On the connection between the transverse tubules and the plasma membrane in frog
      semitendinosus skeletal muscle. Are caveolae the mouths of the transverse tubule
      system?
AB  - The transverse tubular system (TTS) of skeletal muscle fibers represents the
      morphological basis for the inward spread of conduction of the electrical signal
      that triggers muscle contraction. A historical account of the main steps
      contributing to the elucidation of the structure and function of the TSS has been
      presented by Huxley (1971). While the localization of the TSS and its association
      with the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is well documented; there is still a need
      further to develop our knowledge of the morphology of the connection between the
      TSS and the plasma membrane. It is generally believed that the TSS opens directly
      to the extracellular space and that there is continuity between its membrane and
      the sarcolemma. However, direct observation of such a connection has been clearly
      shown only for the myotome of fish (Franzini-Armstrong and Porter, 1964). In
      other muscle fibers, only indirect evidence of the connection has been provided
      by experiments showing penetration of extracellular tracers into the TSS. These
      extracellular markers were also observed inside another membrane-bounded
      compartment consisting of round profiles named "caveolae" (Yamada, 1955) or
      "pinocytotic vesicles" (Ashurst, 1969). The present study deals with the
      communication between the TTS, caveolae, and plasma membrane (Peachey, 1965);
      Ezerman and Ishikawa, 1967; Schiaffino and Margreth, 1968; and Rayns et al.,
      1968). A detailed study of the caveolae compartment was undertaken with ruthenium
      red as an electron-dense tracer. As a result of this study, we propose that in
      certain species the caveolae compartment represents the transitional region in
      the connection between the TSS and the sarcolemma.

PMID- 1080154
TI  - [Hemobilia. (Apropos of 5 cases)].
AB  - Hemobilia or hemorrhage through the biliary tract is increasing in frequency.
      With spreading knowledge of the syndrome, the diagnosis is now rarely missed.
      There is also a real increase due to traffic accidents which often cause liver
      injuries. The typical triade with digestive hemorrhage, biliary colic and
      jaundice should always arouse suspicion of hemobilia. Hepatic angiography is the
      best and most accurate diagnostic method. Accidental or operative trauma
      constitute the major cause of macroscopic hemobilia where as microscopic
      hemobilia is a very frequent symptom in gallstone-disease. In this report five
      cases of different ethiology are described. Three were caused by abdominal
      trauma. The fourth case illustrates the risk of hemobilia from instrumental
      exploration of the common duct. Even when this is done carefully it might cause a
      hemorrhage with formation of obstructing clots. In the last patient there was
      severe hemobilia due to errosion of the cystic artery by a gallstone, penetrating
      into the duodenum. The treatment given in the five cases are examples of
      different methods which may be used, according to the nature of the lesion. In
      the three cases of traumatic hemobilia one healed spontaneously under
      angiographic control, one was cured by local hemostasis in the central liver
      rupture and the third had a successful hepatic resection. In the case with post
      operative hemobilia, an obstructing clot had to be removed from the common duct.
      Simple cholecystectomy cured the patient with hemorrhage from the eroded cystic
      artery.

PMID- 1080155
TI  - [Indications for portacaval anastomoses in portal hypertension due to alcoholic
      cirrhosis. (Role of anatomo-pathological examination.)].
AB  - The authors report their experience of 134 cases of porta-caval anastomosis for
      alcoholic cirrhosis. From their experience, they draw up the logical indications
      for this operation, i.e. in order to ensure better survival than that of patients
      treated in other ways. They suggest routine study of surgical biopsy, even as an
      emergency. This biopsy permits them to recognise which cases are liable to be
      progressive; in severe cases, surgery should not be undertaken. Thanks to this
      selection, the operative mortality is reduced to that of any other severe
      operation (6 p. 100) and later survival is improved owing to absence of recurrent
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 1080156
TI  - Studies on the reproducibility of glass bead antibody affinity columns.
AB  - Rabbit antibovine spleen DNase II and antihuman parotid amylase IgG were coupled
      to zirconium-clad (MAO, Corning) or plain (GAO, Corning) glass beads. (These were
      challenged with DNase II or amylase (human parotid or pancreatic), respectively.
      Although columns of the beads bound the enzymes whereas control columns did not,
      recoveries from the immune adsorbents were not only not quantitative but
      extremely variable. The columns also shed material absorbing in the ultraviolet.
      The antiamylase IgG-MAO column bound amylase so firmly, yet without inactivating
      it, that an insoluble enzyme reactor was formed. For these experiments, amylase
      was labeled with 14C in vitro without loss of activity.

PMID- 1080157
TI  - Quantitative determination of indolic compounds in the rat brain using p
      dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde as reagent.
AB  - A method is proposed for determining the metabolites of radioactive 5
      hydroxytryptophan and of endogenous tryptophan in the rat brain. The compounds
      are separated by thin-layer chromatography and made visible with p
      dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DACA) reagent. The conditions studied are those
      which allow the use of DACA reagent for the quantitative determination of
      tryptophan metabolites in brain tissue. Amount of 5 ng of serotonin and 20 ng of
      tryptophan can be determined by densitometry.

PMID- 1080158
TI  - Antiglobulins and glomerulonephritis. Classification of patients by the
      reactivity of their sera and renal tissue with aggregated and native human IgG.
AB  - Renal biopsies and sera from 41 consecutive patients were studied to determine if
      antiglobulins were found more frequently in patients with severely diseased
      glomeruli. Patients were classified into three groups: A, 12 patients with normal
      renal function and minimal histological evidence of glomerular disease; B, 18
      patients with normal renal function but distinctly abnormal biopsies (16 cases)
      or proteinuria greater than 16 g/24 h (2 cases); and C, 11 patients with both
      decreased function and abnormal histology. Positive latex fixation tests for
      rheumatoid factor were found in none of group A, four (22%) of group B, and five
      (45%) of group C patients. Sera heated 56 degrees C for 30 min contained
      precipitins reactive with heat-aggregated IgG in none of seven group A, five of
      ten (50%) group B, and four of ten (40%) group C patients. The quantity of 135I
      labeled patient globulin which bound to immunoadsorbents coated with Cohn
      fraction II in competition with an equal quantity of 131I-labeled globulin from
      pooled plasma of normal donors was also measured. Patient globulins bound in
      significantly greater quantity (greater than or equal 2 SD) than the control in
      none of the group A, 7 of 18 (39%) group B, and 7 of 11 (64%) group C patients.
      Renal biopsies from 18 patients were also studied for the ability to fix
      fluorescein-conjugated heat-aggregated and native human IgG. None of nine tissue
      specimens from group A or B patients fixed either fluorescein-conjugated protein
      whereas tissue from eight of nine group C patients showed glomerular localization
      of one or both reagents. Severity of disease as judged by renal function and
      glomerular histology correlated with the presence of tissue-fixed and serum
      antiglobulins. Thus, detection of antiglobulins in glomeruli and sera of patients
      with glomerulonephritis may indicate a relatively poor prognosis and raises the
      possibility that antiglobulins may be implicated in some way in the
      pathophysiology of human glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1080159
TI  - Simple screening tests for the diagnosis of isolated clotting factor defects.
      With special reference to 'contact factor' defects.
AB  - Reagents may be prepared from normal plasma and used with the prothrombin time
      and partial thromboplastin time tests to distinguish isolated defects of factors
      I, II, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, or XII.

PMID- 1080160
TI  - Liver disease in infancy: histological features and relationship to alpha
      antitrypsin phenotype.
AB  - Sixty-nine specimens of liver tissue from 53 infants with neonatal hepatitis or
      its sequelae were examined without knowledge of the alpha1-antitrypsin phenotype.
      Distinctive, diastase-resistant, PAS-positive, pure magenta-coloured, sharply
      defined globules, 2-20 microns in diameter were found in periportal and
      paraseptal hepatocytes in all liver biopsies from eight alpha1-antitrypsin
      deficient (PiZZ) infants biopsied after the age of 12 weeks. Such globules were
      not seen in biopsies from PiZZ individuals aged less than 12 weeks nor in
      individuals of normal alpha1-antitrypsin phenotype (PiMM). No other specific
      histological abnormality was found in PiZZ individuals, but in them giant-cell
      transformation was infrequent and liver damage was more severe, three of 14 cases
      developing cirrhosis in contrast to four of 27 PiMM subjects. The pathogenesis of
      liver disease in PiZZ individuals is discussed.

PMID- 1080161
TI  - A diallel cross analysis of genetic determinants of copulatory behavior in rats.
AB  - A dialled cross analysis was aimed at obtaining information regarding genetic
      influences on the copulatory behavior of rats, and permitting considerations of
      adaptive significance. Rats of 4 inbred strains, ACI, F344, LEW, and WF, and all
      possible F1 crosses were used. Of 385 males tested, 73 failed to mate. The F1
      rats were more likely to mate than were rats with inbred genotypes. Overdominance
      was generally apparent for low frequencies of mounts and intromissions preceding
      ejaculation across 5 series and 3 tests. A trend for directional dominance toward
      low scores on various latency measures of copulatory behavior also was apparent.
      According to the theory relating directional dominance to adaptation, it would
      appear generally adaptive for rats to copulate rapidly and to ejaculate after
      relatively few mounts and intromissions.

PMID- 1080162
TI  - The problem-oriented record: clinical application in a teaching hospital.
AB  - A dental team-care concept that incorporates the problem-oriented system has been
      instituted at The Medical College of Pennsylvania. The program, as described, is
      designed to achieve the following goals: 1) to enhance communication between
      doctors and auxiliaries and thus maintain continuity in patient care and improve
      the quality of care; 2) to identify all problems related to the care of a
      patient; 3) to evaluate the educational and technical ability of the residents
      and students; 4) to achieve an effective dental auxiliary utilization program; 5)
      to increase faculty involvement in the delivery of patient care; 6) to organize
      an effective system of peer review; 7) to maintain complete, accurate and
      systematic medical-dental records; and 8) to encourage an interdisciplinary
      approach to health care delivery.

PMID- 1080163
TI  - Lymphokine production by C3b-stimulated B cells.
AB  - Trypsin cleavage of guinea pig C3 (60 sec, 20 degrees C) yields a fragment which
      stimulates guinea pig lymphocytes to produce a chemotactic lymphokine. These
      digested C3 preparations possess only minimal inherent chemotactic properties.
      The response is completely inhibited by prior adsorption of the trypsin-derived
      C3 fragments with insolubilized anti-C3. The active C3 fragment is C3b as
      demonstrated by the elution of activity in the exclusion volume of Sephadex G-75
      (m.w. greater than 50,000 dalton). The C3b-dependent cellular-derived chemotactic
      factor is present in the supernatants of B cell cultures and totally absent in
      those of T cell cultures. Generation of this lymphokine occurs in the absence of
      cellular proliferation.

PMID- 1080164
TI  - Radiosensitivity of T and B lymphocytes. III. Effect of radiation on
      immunoglobulin production by B cells.
AB  - Radiation injury in defined populations of B cells was investigated utilizing an
      allotype congenic transfer system. The amount of donor immunoglobulin present in
      the recipient's serum was found to be directly proportional to the number of
      viable cells injected, and on this basis approximate D37 values for the
      inoculated B cells were determined in several experiments and found to fall in
      the 70 to 145 rad range depending upon the specific experimental conditions.
      Since the sensitivity of T cells to radiation-induced interphase death can be
      modified by prior exposure to select mitogens and antigens, an attempt was made
      to demonstrate a similar phenomenon with respect to B cells. The results indicate
      that the radiosensitivity of B cells can be slightly influenced by prior
      incubation with mitogens and only equivocally changed by activation with antigen.

PMID- 1080165
TI  - Syngeneic adoptive immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy of a Friend leukemia:
      requirement for T cells.
AB  - The aim of the study was to determine which cell mediates adoptive immunotherapy
      and chemoimmunotherapy of a syngeneic transplantable Friend virus-induced
      leukemia (FBL-3). An adoptive immunotherapy model was developed in which adult
      C57BL/6 mice given a lethal dose (10(4)) of FBL-3 on day 0 were saved by
      treatment on day 1 with C57BL/6 spleen cells or peritoneal exudate cells (PEC)
      immune to FBL-3. Cells passed through a nylon wool column to remove B cells and
      macrophages or treated with carbonyl iron to remove phagocytic cells remained
      effective, whereas cells treated with anti-theta serum and complement were far
      less effective. For adoptive chemoimmunotherapy, mice inoculated with 10(7) FBL-3
      were treated 5 days later with cyclophosphamide (CY) plus immune spleen cells.
      CY, with or without non-immune cells, prolonged survival but all mice died with
      leukemia, whereas mice given CY plus immune cells survived tumor-free. As an
      adjunct to CY, immune cells passed through nylon wool or treated with carbonyl
      iron remained quite effective whereas cells treated with anti-theta serum and
      complement were far less effective. Thus, immune thymus-derived lymphocytes were
      required for the adoptive immunotherapy of an early leukemia or
      chemoimmunotherapy of a disseminated leukemia.

PMID- 1080166
TI  - Evidence for cell-receptor activity in lymphocyte stimulation by staphylococcal
      enterotoxin.
AB  - A wide dose-response curve and the inhibitory effect on mitogenicity of specific
      antitoxin suggest that polyclonal lymphocyte activation by staphylococcal
      enterotoxin requires direct interaction of toxin with lymphocyte receptors of low
      avidity for the protein. Staphylococcal enterotoxins A, B, and C1 demonstrated
      equivalent mitogenic activity. Lymphocyte receptors involved in enterotoxin
      activation thus appear to be specific for nonantigenic regions of the toxin
      molecule. Monosaccharide (hapten) inhibiton data indicate that lymphocyte
      receptors for staphylococcal enterotoxin lack alpha-mannoside, galactose,
      acetylgalactosamine, acetylglucosamine, and fucose (or closely related
      saccharides) as determinant sugars and thus differ significantly in structure
      from lectin cell receptors.

PMID- 1080167
TI  - Characteristics of mesenteric lymph node cells homing to gut-associated lymphoid
      tissue in syngeneic mice.
AB  - A subpopulation of cells in murine mesenteric lymph nodes, about 15% of those
      synthesizing DNA at any given time, homes specifically to the gut and mesenteric
      nodes of syngeneic recipients within 1 day of i.v. transfer. In contrast, cells
      from Oeyer's patches or peripheral lymph nodes do not. A large proportion of the
      B blasts which home to the small intestine has surface Ig, but lacks complement
      receptors. Thy-1-positive T blasts home to the gut to a lesser extent than B
      blasts. However, it is probable that equal fractions of B and T blasts home to
      mesenteric nodes. Homing is not affected by measures calculated to interfere with
      the combination of cell surface IgA and secretory component.

PMID- 1080168
TI  - Human lymphocyte subpopulation: early and late rosettes.
AB  - In the process of forming SRBC rosettes of human lymphocytes, two types were
      distinguished, the early and late rosettes. The former appeared immediately
      whereas the latter required further incubation at 4degreesC. In this study, the
      two types of cells were separated by gradient centrifugation and studied
      separately. It was found that the proportion of caps in the late rosettes was
      much greater than in the early ones. Treatment of the former by trypsin, AET, and
      neuraminidase decreased this proportion so that it resembled the late one. It was
      postulated that some of the differences in the early and late RFC lie in the
      differences in the content of membrane sulphydryl and sialic acid groups and
      distribution of SRBC receptors.

PMID- 1080169
TI  - A method for detection of Ia antigens in the absence of appropriate H-2
      recombinants.
AB  - A method is described which obviates the use of H-2 recombinant strains for
      production and detection of Ia antibodies. The antibodies are produced by
      immunization with spleen cells in a strain combination in which the donor differs
      from the recipient either in the K end of the H-2 complex or in the whole
      complex. If the right schedule is used, this immunization produces antibodies
      against both H-2 and Ia antigens. The H-2 antibodies are absorbed out with
      erythrocytes or T lymphocytes rendering the antiserum specific for Ia antigens.
      The presence of Ia Ia antibodies is asserted by determining the tissue
      distribution of the antigens detected with the absorbed antiserum. Another
      antiserum is then prepared in the same strain combination by immunization with
      tissue that does not contain Ia but does contain H-2 antigens (e.g., a sarcoma of
      the proper genotype). The second antiserum contains only H-2 antibodies and the
      presence of these antibodies is again asserted by determining the tissue
      distribution of the corresponding antigens. The molecular distinctiveness of the
      putative Ia and H-2 antigens is then demonstrated by the newly developed
      technique of antibody-mediated induction of resistance to cytotoxicity (lysis).
      If the antigens detected with the two antisera move independently in the cell
      membrane, and if the antigens detected with the first antiserum do indeed have Ia
      like properties, it is concluded that the antiserum detects Ia antigens. This
      method should prove to be useful for detection of Ia antigens in H-2 haplotypes
      for which no intra-H-2 recombinants are known, and for detection of Ia-like
      antigens in other mammalian species, particularly in man.

PMID- 1080170
TI  - T cell products activating stem cells: further studies on the origin and action
      of the factor(s).
AB  - We studied the capacity of bone marrow hemopoietic stem cells to form colonies
      (colony forming units, CFU) in the spleens of irradiated recipient mice following
      incubation of the cells with T cell-derived mediators in short-term culture in
      vitro. The mediators were a) stem cell-activating factor (SAF) present in crude
      form in the supernatant from phytohemagglutinin (PHA); stimulated lymphocytes,
      and b) immunoenhancing factor (IEF) obtained in partially purified form from the
      supernatant of antigen-stimulated lymphocytes and characterized by its ability to
      enhance antibody formation in vitro. Both SAF and IEF increased the number of CFU
      in the cultured bone marrow cell suspension. However, only SAF, and not IEF,
      significantly stimulated DNA synthesis in the cultured cells, Furhter more, SAF
      appears to activate CFU in vitro, rather than merely to promote the survival of
      active CFU stem cells. Experiments with SAF and bone marrow from different
      strains of mice indicated that the biologic activity was not restricted by K and
      Ia regions of H complex.

PMID- 1080171
TI  - Interaction between lymphocytes and inflammatory exudate cells. I. Enhacement of
      thymocyte response to PHA by product(s) of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and
      macrophages.
AB  - Thymocytes of C3H/He mice were poorly triggered to induce DNA synthesis by
      phytohemagglutinin but fairly well triggered when they were mixed with small
      number oble product(s) of these cells. Peritoneal exudate cells were mainly
      harvested at 3 hr, largely consisting of macrophages, after intraperitoneal
      injection of 0.2% sodium caseinate. Addition of 2(2) to 2(6) x 10(3) of 3-hr
      exudate cells, 2(2) to 2(4) x 10(3) of 48-hr exudate cells, or 2(2) to 2(4) x
      10(3) of 96-hr exudate cells to syngeneic thymocyte culture (3 x 10(6) resulted
      in marked enhancement of DNA synthesis by thymocytes stimulated with 1 mul PHA.
      Similar enhancement of DNA synthesis was also observed in the presence of 200 mul
      of cellfree supernatant fluid of peritoneal exudates of 3 hr or 9 hr after casein
      stimulation. Conversely, two hundred microliters of 0-hr, 48-hr, or 96-hr
      peritoneal fluid showed a slight suppressing effect on thymocyte response and 50
      to 100 mul of these exudates showed no enhancing effect. Furthermore, 50 to 800
      mul of culture supernatants from 1.6 x 10(6) cells/4 ml of 3-hr exudate cells, 96
      hr exudate cells, or purified macrophages also caused a similar enhancement of
      DNA synthesis by thymocytes. On the other hand, excess numbers of exudate cells
      (2(7) to 2(8) x 10(3) of 3-hr exudate cells, or 2(5) to 2(9) of 96-hr exudate
      cells) or excess amounts of culture supernatants (800 mul from 6.4 to 12.8 x
      10(6)/4 ml of 3-hr cells, or 200 mul from 12.8 x 10(6)/4 ml, 400 mul from 6.4 x
      10(6)/4ml, or 800 mul from 3.2 x 10(6)/4 ml of 96-hr cells) diminished the
      enhancing potency on thymocytes. The cooperative function by polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes or by macrophages on the lymphocyte response was thus postulated.

PMID- 1080172
TI  - RNA and protein synthesis in spontaneous rosette formation by T lymphocytes.
AB  - Formation of rosettes with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) by peripheral blood
      lymphocytes and thymocytes has been studied. Trypsinization of these cells
      abolishes the capacity to form SRBC-rosettes. The process of re-establishment of
      this capacity to form SRBC-rosettes, in vitro, has been shown by use of metabolic
      inhibitors to require transcription, translation, and protein synthesis. These
      observations are interpreted in terms of the T cell markers as the expression of
      a definitive process or step in lymphoid cell differentiation.

PMID- 1080173
TI  - A simple radioimmunoassay for the enumeration of rosette-forming cells.
AB  - A simple radioimmunoassay for the enumeration of Ig bearing (Ig+) lymphocytes by
      rosette formation with anti-Ig, antibody coated erythrocytes (Ab-E) is described.
      The method is based upon labeling lymphocyte populations with 51Cr, rosetting
      them with Ab-E, separating the rosetted from unrosetted cells by centrifugation
      through a Ficoll-Hypaque layer, counting the radioactivity of the unrosetted
      cells, and counting the radioactivity of the unrosetted cells in a rosetting
      system with unreactive uncoated-E. This permits the calculation of the percentage
      of rosette-forming Ig+ cells. The assay eliminates the subjectivity and
      tediousness of counting and distinguishing between rosetted and unrosetted cells
      under the microscope. Being also sensitive and reliable, this radioimmunoassay
      may, after suitable modifications, replace the conventional counting of other
      types of rosettes.

PMID- 1080174
TI  - Visualization by immune electron microscopy of viruses associated with acute
      respiratory disease.
AB  - A sensitive and rapid method for detecting adenovirus and influenza viruses has
      been demonstrated by using both the direct and indirect immune electron
      microscopy technique. The indirect method was from 4 to over 32 times more
      sensitive than the direct method. The technique appears to have the sensitivity
      approaching tissue culture methods, but is much more rapid, requires less
      laboratory support personnel and space, and should lend itself to detection of
      noncytologic agents. These data suggest a new role for the electron microscope in
      diagnostic virology.

PMID- 1080175
TI  - A modified assay for the detection of human adult active rosette forming
      lymphocytes.
AB  - A modified procedure is described for the detection of a sub-population of
      peripheral blood T-cells in normal human adults. This sub-population of T-cells
      has been called the active rosette forming cell by others. The advantages of this
      modified procedure compared with that previously described are: 1) the
      elimination of 60 mon incubation period for lymphocytes prior to the assay and 2)
      the elimination of the need for fetal calf serum in the assay. The mean
      percentage of RFC in the peripheral blood of 80 healthy adult controls using the
      modified procedure is 25.2+/-5.5% in buffer lacking FCS. The results were highly
      reproducible and comparable to the results obtained using the procedure
      previously described. It was concluded that a 60 min pre-incubation of
      lymphocytes and the use of FCS are not necessary when the appropriate SRBS:
      lymphocyte ratio is used in the determination of human adult active RFC. The use
      of this procedure in evaluating the immune competence of cancer patients is
      discussed.

PMID- 1080176
TI  - A simultaneous method for detection and quantitation of T- and B-lymphocytes.
AB  - Assay for quantitation of B- and T--lymphocyted from small volumes of heparinized
      man blood has been developed by simultaneously reacting Ficoll-Hypaque purified
      mononuclear cells with antobody-coated chicken erythrocytes to for rosettes with
      B-lymphocytes, and sheep erythrocytes which formed non-immune rosettes with
      Tlymphocytes. Distribution of various lymphocyte populations in normals are T
      cells, 60.9+/-7%, B-cells 16.4+/-4%, and lymphocytes with both receptors, 1.6+/
      0.6%.

PMID- 1080177
TI  - Detection of specific antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes in human tonsils.
AB  - Tonsillar lymphocytes from children immunized against rubella were cultured with
      various mitogens, including phytohemagglutinin and rubella virus. Sheep red cells
      were subsequently added to detect rosette-forming T-lymphocytes, and the
      suspension tested by autoradiography to identify transformed cells. With PHA, 60-
      80% of the cells were transformed, of which 37% were rosette-forming T-cells.
      With rubella antigen only 31% of lymphocytes were transformed, but almost all of
      these formed rosettes. It is concluded that PHA stimulates B- as well as T-cells
      alone; such stimulation may therefore be a more reliable test of T-cell function
      and of cell-mediated immunity.

PMID- 1080178
TI  - Effect of previous infection on antibody response of children to vaccination with
      capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae Type b.
AB  - Children who had recovered from meningitis, orbital cellulitis, or epiglottitis
      caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b were immunized with capsular
      polysaccharide vaccine derived from that bacterium; some healthy siblings and
      adults who had not had H. influenzae infections were also vaccinated. Of 10
      children who had had H. influenzae meningitis previously, only one had an
      antibody response to the vaccine. One child with prior H. influenzae orbital
      cellulitis also failed to respond. None of the children had detectable H.
      influenzae polysaccharide antigen in their bloodstream at the time of
      immunization. Two children who had had H. influenzae epiglottitis and six of
      seven controls without histories of H. influenzae infections responded
      immunologically to the vaccine. One of eight vaccinees under two years of age
      showed a response, and eight of 12 over two years responded well (P = 0.02). All
      four nonresponders over the age of two years had had H; influenzae meningitis or
      cellulitis. Children who had had H. influenzae meningitis responded less well to
      the polysaccharide vaccine than did other recipients of the vaccine; this
      difference could not be explained solely on the basis of age;

PMID- 1080179
TI  - Modification of rat uterine monoamine oxidase activity by steroid hormones.
AB  - The monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in the ovariectomized rat uterus was
      significantly increased above control levels in animals given testosterone: 33%
      (P smaller than 0.01) with tryptamine or 34% (P smaller than 0.05) with tyramine
      as substrate. Activity was also higher in hydrocortisone-treated animals: 30% (P
      smaller than 0.05) with tyramine or 25% (P smaller than 0.05) with tryptamine as
      substrate. Progesterone injection increased MAO activity toward tyramine by 20%
      but towards tryptamine by only 8%. The differences are not statistically
      significant but are believed to be real since they were reproducible. MAO
      activity in oestradiol-treated animals was 11% less than in the controls for both
      substrates. Although they are not significant differences, they were
      reproducible. No change in MAO activity was observed in the cerebellum,
      hypothalamus or anterior pituitary of ovariectomized rats after steroid
      treatment. At oestrus the enzyme activity in the uterus was lower than at
      dioestrus or prooestrus when beta-phenylethylamine was the substrate. When 5
      hydroxytryptamine was used to measure enzyme activity, the same values were found
      at oestrus, dioestrus and prooestrus. Ovariectomy did not cause any changes in
      MAO activity in any of the tissues. Effects of the steroids in vivo were probably
      not due to a direct action on the enzyme since only at high concentration did
      they have any effect on the mitochondrial enzyme activity of the uterus in vivo.

PMID- 1080180
TI  - Proceedings: Preliminary observations on the nature of corticotrophin-releasing
      hormone from the rat hypothalamus in vitro.

PMID- 1080181
TI  - Genetic control of immune responses in vitro. VI. Experimental conditions for the
      development of helper T-cell activity specific for the terpolymer L-glutamic
      aicd60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT) in nonresponder mice.
AB  - Mice which are genetic nonresponders to the random terpolymer of L-glutamic
      acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10 (GAT) not only fail to develop GAT-specific
      antibody responses when stimulated with soluble GAT either in vivo or in vitro,
      but develop GAT-specific T cells which suppress the GAT-specific plaque-forming
      cell response of normal nonresponder mice stimulated with GAT complexed to
      methylated bovine serum albumin (MBSA).Thus, both responder and nonresponder mice
      have T cells which recognize GAT. However, nonresponder mice can develop GAT
      specific helper T cells if immunized with GAT bound to MBSA or to macrophages.
      The relevance of Ir gene-controlled responses is discussed.

PMID- 1080182
TI  - Detection of antigens specific for B-lymphoid cultured cell lines with human
      alloantisera.
AB  - Human sera were tested for cytotoxicity to pairs of long-term tissue-cultured
      cell lines. Each pair had been derived from the same individual and one of the
      pairs possessed the characteristics of either "T" or "B" cells. The alloantisera
      used were HL-A-typing reagents or sera obtained from Amish multiparas. Selected
      cytotoxicity was found against the  B-cell lines by direct testing. Cytotoxicity
      was abolished by absorption with B-cell line but not by absorption with the T
      cell lines. The results suggest that a group of allotypic antigens may be
      expressed exculsively on human B cells.

PMID- 1080183
TI  - Non-physician development of problem lists from office records.
AB  - It has been argued that conversion of office records to the problem-oriented
      medical record entails a prohibitive cost in money and physician time. This study
      reports an evaluation of the cost of preparing problem lists from existing
      ambulatory patient records by non-physician personnel. The problem lists
      constructed by non-physician personnel were judged by physicians to be accurate,
      and the cost was much less than that required when physicians reviewed charts and
      prepared problem lists themselves. The method described here is an accurate and
      cost-effective way to begin conversion of outpatient records to P.O.M.R.

PMID- 1080184
TI  - Effects of sudden changes in external sodium concentration on twitch tension in
      isolated muscle fibers.
AB  - When [Na] was suddenly introduced to single muscle fibers (Xenopus or frog),
      which had been pretreated with Na-free solution (Tris-substituted), the time
      course of twitch recovery was very variable, half-time ranging from less than 1 S
      to 5 S. The [Na] vs. twitch height relationship was also variable. In small
      Xenopus fibers, decreases of [Na] to 50% increased the twitch, while in large
      Xenopus fibers twitch height remained constant or decreased as [Na] was decreased
      to 50%. The apparent diffusion constant (D') of Na+ or K+, calculated from the
      time-course of twitch recovery and the [Na] vs. twitch relation, and from the
      time-course of the slow repolarization upon sudden reduction of [K] was about 1
      1.5 X 10(-6) cm2/S. This is one order of magnitude smaller than the diffusion
      constants in an aqueous solution. Even if the tortuosity factor of the T system
      is taken into account, there remains a substantial discrepancy. Although our
      value of D' is subject to various errors, if we accept the value, the twitch
      recovery is predicted to be either very quick or slow depending upon the
      variation of [Na]-twitch relation and fiber size. Thus, both quick and slow
      twitch recoveries can be explained by the diffusion time of Na+ in the T system,
      and therefore the results are consistent with the idea that the T system is
      excitable.

PMID- 1080185
TI  - Psychiatric complications following coronary bypass surgery.
AB  - Previous studies of psychiatric complications following open heart surgery have
      included few if any patients who had coronary bypass surgery. This experiment
      reports the relative incidence of psychiatric complications in a sample of 97
      open heart surgery patients of whom 51 patients (53 per cent) had coronary bypass
      surgery. The results suggest that the incidence of psychiatric symptoms following
      coronary bypass surgery is significantly lower (16 per cent) than that following
      cardiac valvular surgery (41 per cent). Several possible reasons for this large
      discrepancy in incidence of psychiatric complications are considered.

PMID- 1080186
TI  - Acute reduction of brain serotonin and 5-HIAA following food consumption:
      correlation with the ratio of serum tryptophan to the sum of competing amino
      acids.
AB  - In a series of experiments designed to test further our hypothesis that brain
      tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindole levels vary post-prandially as a function of the
      serum tryptophan to competitor ratio (i.e., ratio of serum tryptophan
      concentration to the sum of the concentrations of competing neutral amino acids),
      rats fasted overnight were allosed to consume for two hours single meals
      containing carbohydrates, fats, and various amino acids: Diet 1 contained no
      amino acids; Diet 2 contained five neutral amino acids known to compete with
      tryptophan for uptake into the brain; Diet 3 lacked tryptophan and the five
      competitors, but contained twelve non-neutral amino acids found in dietary
      protein; Diet 4 contained tryptophan and these same twelve non-neutral amino
      acids. The diet-induced modifications in brain tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoles
      followed closely the changes in the serum tryptophan/competitor ratio, but not in
      serum tryptophan alone: The ingestion of Diet 4 raised serum tryptophan, but not
      the serum ratio, brain tryptophan or 5-hydroxyindoles; Diet 3 did not raise serum
      tryptophan, but did elevate the serum ratio, brain tryptophan and 5
      hydroxyindoles. Diet 2 caused major reductions in serum tryptophan, the serum
      ratio, and brain tryptophan and the 5-hydroxyindoles. This diet might provide a
      simple, attraumatic means for lowering brain serotonin in studies of the
      physiology or serotonergin neurons. These studies provide further evidence that
      the effect of insulin on brain tryptophan uptake is not direct, but instead
      mediated via insulin-induced changes in the serum tryptophan/competitor ratio.

PMID- 1080187
TI  - Characterization of poly(A) sequences in brain RNA.

PMID- 1080188
TI  - Babinski response: stimulus and effector.
AB  - This is an electromyographic study of the activity in flexor and extensor muscles
      of the big toe in 22 patients with a Babinski sign and 49 controls, after
      mechanical or electrical stimulation of the sole. The results indicate: (1) the
      Babinski sign is mediated by the extensor hallucis longus (EHL), and not by the
      extensor hallucis brevis; (2) electrical stimuli may fail to activate the EHL in
      these patients, and conversely may evoke EHL reflexes in control subjects; (3) in
      skin reflexes, electrical and mechanical stimuli are not freely interchangeable.

PMID- 1080189
TI  - Radiological abnormalities in temporal lobe epilepsy with clinicopathological
      correlations.
AB  - In 73 patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy submitted to an
      unilateral anterior temporal lobectomy the radiographs were studied to see if
      there were any correlation with the pathology subsequently found and with the
      outcome of the operation. A small middle cranial fossa, focal calcification, and
      temporal horn displacement are often better indices of the underlying pathology
      than temporal horn dilatation alone. In a small number of cases, however,
      radiological changes were seen on the side opposite to an unilateral EEG focus,
      thus suggesting bilateral disease.

PMID- 1080190
TI  - Hemianopic colour blindness.
AB  - A man developed cortical blindness after cerebral infarction in the distribution
      of both posterior cerebral arteries. When he recovered from this condition, he
      was found to be colour blind in the left visual field, but not in the right. This
      unusual situation resulted in apparently contradictory performances on hemifield
      and free-field tasks of colour discrimination, naming, and recognition. The
      contradictions may be explained by interhemispheric competition between a
      hemisphere which could discriminate colours and a hemisphere which was colour
      blind.

PMID- 1080191
TI  - Intracranial hydatid cysts. Study of 17 cases.
AB  - The authors report 17 cases of intracranial hydatid cyst out of 500 brain tumors
      seen in 20 years, and analyze clinical, investigative, diagnostic, and operative
      findings.

PMID- 1080192
TI  - Portsmouth syndrome: review of the literature and clinicopathological
      correlation.
AB  - Hereditary and acquired abnormalities of platelet function are recognized more
      frequently.  Recent advances in platelet physiology have led to new tests of
      platelet function.  Assessment of platelet adhesiveness and aggregation have
      allowed more definitive classification of platelet dysfunction.  Platelet
      abnormalities will not be diagnosed before surgery.  It would be impractical to
      perform these tests for platelet function as screening procedures on all
      patients; however, they should be considered as an important part of the
      laboratory screening for abnormal postoperative bleeding.

PMID- 1080193
TI  - Comparison of the effect of various antisera and cobra venom factor on
      inflammatory reactions in guinea-pig skin. I. Non-specific inflammation due to
      the intradermal injection of turpentine.
AB  - Guinea-pigs were treated with agents which lowered the serum complement levels
      and the effect on the inflammatory reaction to intradermal turpentine was
      studied. A comparison was made between two antisera to beta1C/beta1A globulin
      which had been prepared in different ways. One was made using C3 fixed to zymosan
      particles as the antigen, and the other using chemically extracted beta 1C/beta1A
      globulin. The antisera to beta1C/beta1A globulin (zymosan) was found to have the
      greater anti-inflammatory activity. The effect of each on the parameters of
      complement studied, and on the circulating platelet count, was much the same. An
      antiserum to serum factors fixed to zymosan during C3 activication was prepared
      free of anti-beta1C/beta1A globulin antibodies. This was found to have some of
      the anti-inflammatory activity of the anti-beta1C/beta1A globulin (zymosan), as
      well as lowering total complement levels. Anti-gamma globulin andheterologous
      immune complexes also lowered serum complement levels and were antiinflammatory.
      However, all the above agents were also found to reduce the number of circulating
      platelets. This was in contrast to CVF which reduced complement levels by 90 per
      cent. but had no effect on platelet numbers. CVF also reduced the inflammatory
      response but was no more effective than the other agents. In view of these
      findings a role for the participation of the complement system, possibly
      involving the alternate pathway of activation of C3, is discussed as well as the
      participation of platelets in the reaction.

PMID- 1080194
TI  - "False positive" scan for Meckel diverticulum.

PMID- 1080195
TI  - Letter: Hemophilus influenzae type b: the etiologic agent in epiglottitis.

PMID- 1080196
TI  - The influence of dental plaques on the microvasculature of the oral mucous
      membrane.
AB  - This investigation was designed to explore the effect of plaque, obtained at
      different stages of accumulation, on the microvasculature of the hamster cheek
      pouch. Five groups of three dental students followed an oral hygiene abstinence
      program for 22 days. At day 2, 9, and 22, plaque was sampled from different
      anterior teeth, pooled and suspended in a reduced diluting fluid. Each of the
      three pooled plaque suspensions was then introduced into the right or left cheek
      pouche of five hamsters. Microvascular changes in the pouches were then observed
      and recorded photomicrographically until vascular reconstitution occurred. Plaque
      and gingival indices were taken, and the microbial composition of the plaque was
      determined according to gram-staining characteristics and morphology. The results
      indicate that the microvascular response was not a function of age and
      composition of plaque. This finding is based on the observation that 2-, 9-, and
      22-day-old plaque induced similar microvascular damage which required
      approximately the same recovery period of 9 days to reconsitute normal
      microvascular function.

PMID- 1080197
TI  - Microdetermination of ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) in pharmaceutical preparations
      by differential spectroscopy using trifluoroacetic acid in the absence of vitamin
      A.
AB  - A differential spectroscopy method for the determination of microgram quantities
      of ergocalciferol, using trifluoroacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide, was applied
      to commercially available pharmaceutical preparations. Tablets were powdered and
      extracted with methanol after being made basic with diethylamine. The methanol
      was concentrated, chloroform was added, and the mixture was chromatographed on
      neutral alumina using chloroform as the eluent. Ergocalciferol was determined in
      an aliquot of the eluate by differential spectroscopy and was compared with a
      reference ergocalciferol standard treated similarly. The method applied to low
      potency formulations (2.5-6 mug/tablet) is simple and quantitative, needs less
      than 5 hr for completion, and has a precision of less than +/- 2%. A simple and
      accurate chromatographic method for the determination of ergocalciferol in
      stabilized powders and high potency tablets, which precludes the necessity of
      solvent-solvent extraction, was also developed. The results are comparable with
      those obtained by the rat bioassay and the USP XVIII chemical assay.

PMID- 1080198
TI  - Tetrodotoxin binding to normal depolarized frog muscle and the conductance of a
      single sodium channel.
AB  - 1. We have examined the binding of tritium-labelled and unlabelled tetrodotoxin
      to frog twitch muscle. Bio-assay as well as radioisotope experiments show a
      saturable component of tetrodotoxin binding with a binding capacity of about 22 p
      mole/g wet wt., and a dissociation constant of about 5 nM. 2. If the observed
      uptake of tetrodotoxin by muscles represents one-to-one binding of the drug to
      sodium channels, the channel density is about 380 channels/mum2 of a muscle
      fibre's surface membrane. On the basis of this result and electrical measurements
      of sodium conductance in frog muscle, we calculate that the conductance of a
      single sodium channel is of the order of 10(-12) reciprocal ohms. This is one to
      two orders of magnitude less than previous estimates. 3. We have looked for an
      effect of membrane depolarization on saturable tetrodotoxin binding, and have
      found none. This suggests that there is little molecular interaction between the
      "gating" portion of the sodium channel molecule, and that which binds
      tetrodotoxin.

PMID- 1080199
TI  - Proceedings: The synaptic organization of the diencephalic input to the amphibian
      tectum.

PMID- 1080200
TI  - Patterns of antinuclear antibodies and lupus-activating drugs.
AB  - Patterns of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) occurring in individuals consuming lupus
      activating drugs who have not developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), may
      give insight into their mode of action as SLE triggering agents. We have studied
      the antigenic specificity of ANA induced by isoniazid (INH), anticonvulsants and
      chlorpromazine. ANA found in INH treated subjects are primarily directed at
      soluble nucleoprotein (sNP), an antigen which is physicochemically altered in
      vivo by INH. Antibodies to INH altered sNP were found in 78 per cent of 214
      subjects receiving INH, while none had anti-DNA antibodies. Different
      anticonvulsants give rise to different patterns of ANA. Antibodies to Sm antigen
      were found only in patients receiving hydantoins. Antibodies to native and
      denatured DNA were found in 14 per cent and 22 per cent respectively, of 170
      patients receiving anticonvulsants. Antibodies to denatured DNA were most
      frequently found in patients receiving chlorpromazine, which correlated with the
      known reactivity of this drug to denatured DNA.

PMID- 1080201
TI  - 2-Halo derivatives of 3'-acetamido-3'-deoxyadenosine.
AB  - 9-(3-Acetamido-2,5-di-O-acetyl-3-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-2,6-dichloropurine
      (VI) prepared by the mercuric cyanide catalyzed reaction of 3-acetamido-2,5-di-O
      acetyl-3-deoxy-D-ribofuranosyl chloride (III) with 2,6-dichloropurine, was
      converted by standard reactions to 3'-acetamido-2-chloro-3'-deoxyadenosine (VII)
      and 3'-acetamido-3'-deoxy-2-fluoroadenosine (X). The 2-chloroadenine nucleoside
      VII was not cytotoxic, but the 2-fluoroadenine nucleoside X was moderately so,
      and its cytotoxicity to a subline of H.Ep.-2 cells resistant to 2-fluoroadenine
      indicates that its activity is due to the intact nucleoside.

PMID- 1080202
TI  - Synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some 1,6-methano[10]annuleneacetic
      acids.
AB  - Some new approaches to the 1,6-methano[10]annulene system are described. The
      routes were used to prepare 1,6-methano[10]annulene-3-acetic acid and the alpha
      methyl analog. The compounds showed antinflammatory and analgesic activity,
      though less than that of corresponding naphthalene compounds; the possible effect
      of the chirality of the annulene on the observed biological activity is
      discussed.

PMID- 1080203
TI  - Figure-8 configuration of dimers of S13 and phiX174 replicative form DNA.

PMID- 1080204
TI  - X-ray evidence for conformational changes in the myosin filaments of vertebrate
      striated muscle.

PMID- 1080205
TI  - Studies on bacteriophage fd DNA I. A cleavage map of the fd genome.

PMID- 1080206
TI  - Studies on bacteriophage fd DNA. II. Localization of RNA initiation sites on the
      cleavage map of the fd genome.

PMID- 1080207
TI  - Cytophysiological basis of disruptive pigmentary patterns in the leopard frog
      Rana pipiens. II. Wild type and mutant cell-specific patterns.
AB  - A new pattern index, Ip, is introduced and used to compare patterns of wild type,
      burnsi, and kandiyohi chromatophores in the leopard frog, Rana pipiens. Wild type
      chromatophores are hyperdispersed over distances within cellular contact, and it
      is concluded that this hyperdispersion results from contact-mediated negative
      interactions. The hyperdispersion is less strong in spot cells than interspot,
      and extends over larger areas in burnsi than in wild type epidermis. Over areas
      greater than chromatophore size, patterns are either random or clumped.
      Patterning of kandiyohi melanophores is clumped into aggregates small enough to
      be within the range of cellular contact, suggesting a lack of contact inhibition
      among these cells. The possible roles of cellular properties and the
      extracellular environment in pattern determination are discussed.

PMID- 1080208
TI  - Evidence for diaphragms in the pores of annulate lamellae and the nuclear
      membrane.
AB  - Interpretation of cross and tangential sections of the annulate lamellae and
      nuclear membrane of Rana pipiens oocytes provides evidence in these structures
      for the existence of disphragms spanning the pores. The evidence appears to rule
      out explanations ascribing such diaphragms to an optical artifact. More detailed
      description is given of a component of the pore complex only briefly described
      heretofore and now called the "intracisternal ring." The varied results and
      interpretations of studies of the pore complex in various cells are discussed.

PMID- 1080209
TI  - A case of North American blastomycosis reported in an eight year old African male
      who was also affected by bilharziasis.

PMID- 1080210
TI  - Massive postpartum right renal hemorrhage.
AB  - All reported cases of massive postpartum right renal hemorrhage have involved
      healthy young primigravidas and blacks have predominated (4 of 7 women).
      Coagulopathies and underlying renal disease have been absent. Hematuria was
      painless in 5 of 8 cases. Hemorrhage began within 24 hours in 1 case, within 48
      hours in 4 cases and 4 days post partum in 3 cases. Our first case is the only
      report in which hemorrhage has occurred in a primipara. Failure of closure or
      reopening of pyelovenous channels is suggested as the pathogenesis. The
      hemorrhage has been self-limiting, requiring no more than 1,500 cc whole blood
      replacement. Bleeding should stop spontaneously, and rapid renal pelvic clot
      lysis should follow with maintenance of adequate urine output and Foley catheter
      bladder decompression. To date surgical intervention has not been necessary.

PMID- 1080211
TI  - Colonic neoplasms following ureterosigmoidostomy.
AB  - Attention is drawn to the occurrence of colonic tumors at the site of
      ureterosigmoidostomy. A case of carcinoma is described, the literature is
      reviewed and regular long-term followup is emphasized.

PMID- 1080212
TI  - Decision tables. Their use for the presentation of clinical algorithms.

PMID- 1080213
TI  - [Proceedings: Experimental study on anastomosis of the internal thoracic artery
      and coronary artery].

PMID- 1080214
TI  - Clinical studies on ampicillin-cloxacillin for intravenous injection (Rectocillin
      'Kyowa') (author's transl).
AB  - (1) Ampicillin-cloxacillin for intravenous injection (Rectocillin 'Kyowa') was
      administered to 9 patients 1 g or 2 g daily for protection of postoperative
      infections, and good result was obtained in all cases. Eight out of 9 cases were
      with renal insufficiency. No side effect was encountered. (2) Rectocillin was
      administered to 14 patients with infections. The treatment was remarkably
      effective in 4 cases, and effective in 6 cases. In the cases with renal
      insufficiency, a daily dose of 1 g was effective. The dose administered to the
      patients with normal renal function was 2 g or 4 g daily. Neither clinical nor
      laboratory findings showed evidence of side effect.

PMID- 1080215
TI  - Rod late receptor potential and rhodopsin concentration of an isolated frog
      retina.
AB  - The relation of the threshold of the late receptor potential (late RP) and ERG b
      wave with the rhodopsin concentration in the rod outer segments of an isolated
      bullfrog retina were studied by simultaneous recordings of electrical responses
      and spectral change. The curve indicating log threshold rise of the late RP with
      the decrease of rhodopsin showed two phases separated by a kink, which was found
      at 50% rhodopsin concentration; the b-wave threshold, however, was linearly
      related to rhodopsin concentration. From the intensity response curves (IR
      curves) at various rhodopsin concentrations, the amplitude decrease of both waves
      following bleaching light adaptation was compared and the mode of the conversion
      from the late RP to the b-wave was discussed.

PMID- 1080216
TI  - The variation in thermoelasticity with sarcomere length in frog's striated
      muscle.
AB  - The effect of lowering temperature on the resting tension of frog's striated
      muscle was studied at various sarcomere lengths, using whole muscle, single-fibre
      and skinned-fibre preparations. And the temperature coefficient of tension,
      beta=(1/P)(dP/dT) (P, tension; T, temperature) was investigated. In whole
      sartorius muscles in Ringer solution, beta was negative over the whole range of
      sarcomere lengths investigated. In the presence of 2 mM procaine the rubber-like
      thermoelasticity (beta greater than 0) was revealed at medium lengths. At shorter
      (greater than 2.3 mum) and longer (greater 2.7 mum) lengths, beta stayed
      negative. In single muscle fibres suspended in Ringer solution with mM procaine,
      beta was positive over a wider range of lengths (2;3-3.4 mum), and the peak
      positive value of beta was obtained at the length of 2.6 mum. In skinned fibres
      suspended in a relaxing solution, beta stayed positive up to the length of 4.2
      mum, and the peak value of beta was obtained at the length of 3.0 mum which was
      considerably longer than in single fibres. The results substantiated A. V. Hill's
      view on the thermoelasticity of the muscle; there are components with positive
      beta (contractile apparatus) and those with negative beta (connective tissue and
      sarcolemma), and at high elongations the positive coefficient is masked by the
      increasing importance of the negative coefficient.,

PMID- 1080217
TI  - [Surgical management of coronary diseases].

PMID- 1080218
TI  - [Carcinofetal antigens. II. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). (author's transl)].
AB  - CEA is a beta1-glycoprotein (mol. w. approx. 200 000) which in embryonic life is
      usually found as a cell membrane associated antigen in the gastrointestinal (GI)
      tract and pancreas. Furthermore, it is secreted into body fluids. In healthy
      adults a very low serum concentration may be found. The clinical significance of
      CEA lies in its increased formation in primary and secondary adenocarcinomas of
      colon and rectum and pancreatic carcinoma, where values of 20 ng/ml and more are
      observed. However, other gastrointestinal (e.g. oesophagus, stomach, gall
      bladder) and extragastrointestinal tumors (e.g. lung, breast, urogenital,
      prostatic, ovarial carcinomas) as well as non-malignant diseases mainly of the GI
      tract (e.g. hepatitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis, colitis, diverticulitis) may
      provoke less frequent and lower increases in the CEA level. Healthy smokers also
      tend to show a slight increase in CEA concentration. A certain relationship
      exists between the CEA level and the size and extent of the tumor so that a
      decrease following operation may account for complete tumor removal, whereas a
      persistent or recurring increase in the CEA level is highly suspicious of
      metastases and/or recurrent tumor. Difficulties in proving and purifying CEA are
      mainly caused by multiple cross-reactions of CEA with other substances, e.g.
      blood group substances (A, B, Lea, Leb) and normal or other antigens (NGP, NCA,
      CEX, CCEA 2, NCA 2, CCA-III, FSA, BCGP). The radioimmunoassay is the most
      suitable method to determine CEA levels in body fluids. The 3 procedures used
      differ in the precipitation of the specific immune complex by ammonium sulphate
      (AS), Z-gel (ZG) or a second antibody (SA). Depending on the method, the upper
      normal limit in serum or plasma corresponds to approximately 2.5 (AS, ZG) or 12.5
      (SA) nanogramme/milliliter. CEA determination in the urine is of interest in
      patients suffering from bladder carcinoma.

PMID- 1080219
TI  - [Emergency endoscopy in acute gastrointestinal hemorrhages].

PMID- 1080220
TI  - [Diagnosis and methods of treatment of acute hemorrhages from the upper part of
      the digestive tract].

PMID- 1080221
TI  - [Genesis of vestibulo-autonomic disorders in space flight].
AB  - Some considerations on the mechanisms of vestibulo-vegetative disturbance in
      space flight are given on the basis of clinical observations, experience of
      otoneurological clinic, simulation experiments and examinations of cosmonauts.
      The starting point in these disturbances was a significant fact of blood
      redistribution in weightlessness and subsequent changes in hemodynamics,
      metabolism, etc. The body reactions to weightlessness seem to prepare pronounced
      vestibulo-vegetative reflexes to threshold and subthreshold vestibular stimuli
      induced by head and body movements in flight. Some aspects of the vestibular
      selection and training of cosmonauts are discussed from this point of view.

PMID- 1080222
TI  - Letter:serum sialyltransferase deficiency in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1080223
TI  - Selective arterialization of coronary veins for diffuse coronary occlusion. An
      experimental evaluation.
AB  - The selective arterialization of coronary veins as a surgical therapy for diffuse
      coronary arteriosclerosis was studied in canine and sheep experiments. The
      arterialized blood can be delivered promptly to the selected region of the
      myocardium and an adequate runoff exists for this mode of revascularization, so
      that myocardial edema and hemorrhage do not occur. The retrograde blood flow
      through an anastomosis between the internal mammary artery (IMA) and great
      cardiac vein (GCV) is excellent, with a predominantly diastolic flow pattern.
      Follow-up studies indicate significant but partial protection of the myocardium
      against diffuse LAD occlusion. The size of infarcts is decreased. However, the
      focal or small transmural infarcts observed are usually located near the apex of
      the heart. The studies with radioactive microspheres (15 plus or minus 5 mu
      diameter) revealed that the degree of capillary trapping of microspheres is very
      much less when the microspheres are injected retrograde into the vein than when
      injected into the artery. This may indicate that significant "shunt" blood flow
      exists when the coronary vein is arterialized. Thus this study demonstrates both
      the potential and the limitation of the selective arterialization of coronary
      veins in revascularizing patients suffering from diffuse coronary
      arteriosclerosis.

PMID- 1080224
TI  - Resection of acute posterior ventricular aneurysm with repair of ventricular
      septal defect after acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - Three patients with true posterior myocardial infarctions and ventricular septal
      defects were treated by posterior infarctectomy, closure of the defect, and
      appropriate combinations of mitral valve replacement and coronary grafting.
      Aortic balloon pumping was not used. The technique of infarctectomy and
      ventricular septal defect closure is illustrated. Two of the 3 patients have
      excellent long-term results.

PMID- 1080225
TI  - Bridge saphenous vein graft.
AB  - Single aorta-coronary artery vein grafts (bridge grafts) were constructed to two
      coronary branches with a side-to-side anastomosis in 250 patients. Most of these
      grafts were constructed between circumflex branches (96 grafts), circumflex and
      diagnol branches (47 grafts), and anterior descending and diagonol branches (79
      grafts). The aim of the bridge graft is to decrease the number of anastomoses,
      decrease the operative time, and improve graft patency. The hospital mortality
      rate in this group of patients was 1.2 per cent, and the incidence of
      postoperative myocardial infarction was 3.6 per cent. One hundred ten patients
      were restudied after surgery; the average time of restudy was 1 year. Ninety-two
      grafts of 83.6 per cent had two anastomosis patent; 6 grafts (5.4 per cent) had
      one anastomosis patent; and in 12 grafts (10.9 per cent), both anastomoses were
      occluded. One hundred twenty-six associated grafts were studied all the same
      time; the patency rate was 84.1 per cent. From this experience, we believe the
      bridge graft is a useful procedure for bypassing the small coronary artery
      branches.

PMID- 1080226
TI  - Multiple coronary artery aneurysms resulting in myocardial infarction in a young
      man: treatment by double aorta-coronary saphenous vein bypass grafting.
AB  - A 26-year-old Japanese man was treated for a transmural myocardial infarct caused
      by multiple aneurysms of the left main (LMC), left anterior descending (LAD), and
      the right coronary arteries (RCA). He underwent successful double aorta-coronary
      saphenous vein bypass grafting. The etiology of the aneurysm remains uncertain
      but an inflammatory origin is most probable. Review of the literature has
      indicated that this is the seventh case of coronary artery aneurysms without
      arteriovenous fistulas to be managed by grafting techniques with the saphenous
      vein. This experience has suggested that young patients presenting with anginal
      pain or myocardial infarction whould be carefully examined for coronary artery
      aneurysms. Since most of the patients developed myocardial infarction probably
      from thrombotic occlusion or embolism of the distal vessel, this lesion should be
      considered for surgery whenever anatomically feasible. Coronary artery
      reconstruction by grafting techniques, with or without resection of the aneurysm,
      is the treatment of choice. Although surgical treatment has provided good
      clinical amelioration to our patient as well as the patients previoulsy reported,
      a careful long-term follow-up should be continued for patients with multiple
      coronary artery aneurysms of doubtful origin.

PMID- 1080227
TI  - Aneurysm of saphenous vein bypass graft to coronary artery.
AB  - A few cases of aneurysmal dilatation of autogenous vein grafts to peripheral
      arteries have been reported. However, to our knowledge, no case of this
      complication in coronary artery vein bypass grafts have been found. We are
      presenting a case of a vein graft aneurysm which appeared 6 months
      postoperatively. The patient had had an aortic valve replacement and a vein
      bypass graft to the right coronary artery.

PMID- 1080228
TI  - Aorta-coronary artery saphenous vein bypass surgery: clinical and angiographic
      results.
AB  - In a series of 500 consecutive patients undergoing aorta-coronary artery
      saphenous vein bypass surgery, operative mortality was 2.5% (1% with one-vessel
      disease, 2% with two-vessel disease, and 3% with three-vessel disease).
      Transmural myocardial infarction occurred within 30 days after operation in 67
      cases (13%) and caused 10 of the 16 deaths in that period. Among 484 patients
      followed 1 to 58 months (median, 26 months), there have been 20 deaths. Of the
      464 survivors, 65% had complete relief of angina, 24% were improved, and 11% were
      unimproved. In 162 patients who underwent postoperative graft angiography between
      1 and 42 months after surgery, a strong positive relationship existed between
      clinical response and completeness of myocardial revascularization as defined by
      the presence of a patent graft to all major coronary arteries with greater than
      50% stenosis. A similar relationship was found between postoperative multistage
      treadmill exercise response and completeness of myocardial revascularization.
      Thus, 82% of patients completely revascularized were asymptomatic at the time of
      postoperative graft visualization, and 91% had a negative treadmill exercise
      response.

PMID- 1080229
TI  - Fluorescence histochemical observations on the uptake and metabolism of
      tryptophan in the endocrine cells of the hypophysis.
AB  - The present work was undertaken to study the significance of the uptake of
      precursors of biogenic amines, L-dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan, in the cells of
      the pars distalis of the mammalian hypophysis. The results of our own earlier
      studies suggested that L-dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan may be taken up by the
      cells of the pars distalis which possess in their cell membranes the system for
      active transport of amino acids. In the present study, an effort is made to
      demonstrate the uptake of the amino acid, tryptophan, which is generally used for
      the protein synthesis. It was observed that after the administration of
      tryptophan the small cells of the pars distalis exhibited specific formaldehyde
      induced fluorescence characterizing tryptophan and its metabolites. It was also
      noted that after the administration of tryptophan blue fluorescence was observed
      in some cells of the pars distalis prior to formaldehyde vapour treatment. The
      blue fluorescence may be due to the presence of quinoline metabolites of
      tryptophan formed in the cells. This new observation offers good possibilities to
      study the metabolism of tryptophan at the cellular level. The results of the
      present work support the suggestion that L-dopa or 5-hydroxytryptophan is taken
      up by cells of the pars distalis which possess the mechanism for general active
      transport of amino acids in the cell membrane.

PMID- 1080230
TI  - [Etiology of cirrhotic digestive hemorrhages. Contribution of emergency
      endoscopy].

PMID- 1080231
TI  - [A case of anguilluliasis in a child].

PMID- 1080232
TI  - [Clinical study of LC 75 (Ampliuril pH) in the states of hyperuricemia].

PMID- 1080233
TI  - Frog ventricular muscle suitable for use in measuring rapid metabolic changes
      during the contractile cycle.

PMID- 1080234
TI  - The complications of diverticular disease.

PMID- 1080235
TI  - [Dynamics of the lymphatic cell system. Kinetics and regulation of lymphocytes].

PMID- 1080237
TI  - Population growth and the quality of life.

PMID- 1080236
TI  - [Emergency endoscopy in acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1080238
TI  - Family planning associations and development of population policy and programs.

PMID- 1080239
TI  - Maternal and child health and family planning services: the contemporary global
      picture.

PMID- 1080240
TI  - Recruiting the uncommitted leader for family planning.

PMID- 1080241
TI  - Financial assurance for reproductive health services.

PMID- 1080242
TI  - Experience with intrauterine contraception by adolescent women.

PMID- 1080243
TI  - The loop decade.

PMID- 1080244
TI  - "And so on.".

PMID- 1080245
TI  - Prostaglandins in conception control.

PMID- 1080246
TI  - Discontinuation of the pill and the IUD in the United States: 1960-1970.

PMID- 1080247
TI  - Letter: Schistosomiasis, immunosuppression and niridazole.

PMID- 1080248
TI  - Letter: Effect of thymosin on B-lymphocyte function.

PMID- 1080249
TI  - Editorial: The blind men and the rheumatoid elephant.

PMID- 1080250
TI  - Letter: Platelet-function tests: predictive value.

PMID- 1080251
TI  - Impaired interaction (adhesion-aggregation) of platelets with the subendothelium
      in storage-pool disease and after aspirin ingestion. A comparison with von
      Willebrand's disease.
AB  - Possible defects in the interaction of platelets with the subendothelial surface
      were evaluated in six patients with storeage-pool disease, nine patients with von
      Willebrand's disease and seven normal subjects who ingested aspirin. Citrated
      blood was perfused through a chamber containing everted segments of rabbit aorta
      previously denuded of endothelium by means of a ballon catheter. With normal
      blood, 83.3 +/- 1.9 per cent (S.E.M.) of the surface was covered by adherent
      platelets. Platelet adhesion was normal after aspirin ingestion (89.7 +/- 4.6 per
      cent) and decreased in some patients with storage-pool disease. The most striking
      defect in both circumstances was the virtual absence of platelet thrombi. In
      contrast, decreased adhesion (57.3 +/- 3.4 per cent), but normal thrombus
      formation, was characteristic of von Willebrand's disease. These types of defects
      in platelet adhesion and aggregation may account for the hemostatic defects in a
      variety of bleeding disorders. The findings further suggest the possible
      usefulness of aspirin as an antithrombotic agent.

PMID- 1080252
TI  - Letter: Immunologic sequelae of infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 1080253
TI  - Letter: Lineage of Lymphocytes in Leukemia.

PMID- 1080254
TI  - Letter: Pneumocystosis.

PMID- 1080255
TI  - Letter: Effects of thymosin on lymphoblasts.

PMID- 1080256
TI  - Letter: Von Willebrand's disease in pregnancy.

PMID- 1080257
TI  - Polyribosome formation in early wheat embryo germination independent of either
      transcription or polyadenylation.

PMID- 1080258
TI  - Thymus dependence of viral antigens.

PMID- 1080259
TI  - [Paradoxical vestibular reaction in patients with consciousness disorders
      (nystagmographic recording)].
AB  - In 32 patients with coma of varying intensity and aetiology the effect of light
      on caloric nystagmus was studied. During consciousness disturbances a light
      stimulus provoked or increased the intensity of induced caloric nystagmus. This
      reaction was thus a reverse (paradoxical reaction) of that observed in waking
      state. Photic stimulation may provoke the rapid phase of nystagmus through
      facilitating impulses coursing from the subcortical or cortical visual centres to
      Cajal's nuclei and then through the reticular formation to the vestibulo
      oculomotor system. In waking state these impulses are inhibited while in
      precomatic state they may become prevalent. The paradoxical reaction disappears
      in deep coma together with all vestibular reactions.

PMID- 1080260
TI  - [Diagnostic difficulties in cases of colloidal cysts of the 3rd ventricle].
AB  - The authors report two cases of colloidal cysts of the third ventricle discussing
      clinical neurological syndromes and diagnostic difficulties in the assessment of
      pneumoencephalography stressing the value of positive contrast encephalography.

PMID- 1080261
TI  - Acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase in six regions of the frog central nervous
      system.

PMID- 1080262
TI  - Evaluation of intracranial disorders in children by computerized transaxial
      tomography: a preliminary report.
AB  - Computerized transaxial tomography (CTT) is a nonivasive roentgenologic method
      that demonstrates the configuration of the intracranial contents, including the
      cerebral parenchyma and the ventricular system. Of 207 children examined by CTT,
      53 later had neuroradiologic contrast studies or neurosurgical intervention, or
      both, and two came to autopsy. The neuroradiologic, surgical, and pathologic
      findings corresponded with the CTT findings in patients with large ventricles,
      dupratentorial tumors, intracranial hematomas or cysts, and epidural collections.
      The correlation was less concordant in patients with intracranial vascular
      malformations or lesions involving cranial bones. CTT promises to be valuable for
      diagnosis of many intracranial lesions in children.

PMID- 1080263
TI  - Oligodendroglial toxicity by serum and lymphocytes from patients with multiple
      sclerosis.
AB  - The gliotoxic effect of multiple sclerosis serums and lymphocytes was
      investigated by the measurement of Cr51 release from prelabeled bovine
      oligodendroglia. There was no difference in glial toxicity between multiple
      sclerosis patients and normal controls except for a depression of Cr51 release
      from bovine oligodendroglia in the presence of autologous serum plus lymphocytes
      in the multiple sclerosis patients compared with the normal controls. This
      correlated with the phase of the disease and may be due to the presence of a
      lymphotoxic factor in the active multiple sclerosis serums.

PMID- 1080264
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in New Zealand.
AB  - A severe deficiency of the serum protein alpha-1-antitrypsin can be expected to
      occur in 1 in 750 European New Zealanders. It can usually be identified by a
      faint or absent alpha-1 band on serum protein electrophoresis. Forty-seven cases
      are presented. 31 phenotype ZZ and 16 phenotype SZ. Eighteen have developed
      emphysema usually by age 40 years, two show childhood liver disease. One adult
      died of liver disease and three of the emphysema patients had liver abnormalities
      at post mortem. The remainder, mainly aged less than 30 years, are as yet
      asymptomatic. Individuals at risk should be protected from respiratory irritants
      (cigarettes, dusty environments and chest infections) and liver toxins (e.g.,
      alcohol). The partial deficiency state (MZ) which occurs in 4 percent of the
      population also predisposes to respiratory and perhaps liver disease.

PMID- 1080265
TI  - A letter from Japan.

PMID- 1080266
TI  - Effect of methylergonovine on puerperal prolactin secretion.
AB  - Serum prolactin concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay in 29 women, in
      the first 1 1/2 hours postpartum. Fourteen women received 0.2 mg methylergonovine
      maleate (Methergine) intramuscularly after the delivery of the placenta. Fifteen
      women who served as controls received only saline. The rise in serum prolactin
      concentration seen in the control women (266.4 ng/ml +/- 40.8 SE) was
      significantly greater than that seen in methylergonovine-treated patients (141.0
      ng/ml +/- 29.0. SE).

PMID- 1080267
TI  - Leiomyomata responsible for hemorrhage of the digestive system.

PMID- 1080268
TI  - [Thymus hormones].

PMID- 1080269
TI  - Nasotracheal intubation in epiglottitis.
AB  - Significant numbers of patients with epiglottitis have been treated using
      nasotracheal intubation. Evidence is accumulating that this procedure is safe,
      effective and reliable when used in this disease. Nasotracheal intubation should
      be considered a suitable alternative to tracheostomy in epiglottitis.

PMID- 1080270
TI  - Acetylcholine receptor: modification of synaptic gating mechanism after treatment
      with a disulfide bond reducing agent.
AB  - Reduction of a 'reactive' disulfide bond in the postsyraptic membrane of the frog
      neuromuscular junction by dithiothreitol (DTT) decreases both the sensitivity of
      the membrane to applied acetylcholine (ACh) and the amplitude of the single 'shot
      effect'. Analysis of ACh induced conductance fluctuations in voltage clamped frog
      endplates indicates that DTT reduces both the amplitude gamma and duration tau of
      the elementary conductance events. The mean control value of gamma was 18.5-10(
      12) omega-1 with no significant dependence on temperature. The mean control
      values pi were 2.3 msec at 7-9 degrees C and 0.94 msec at 20-22 degrees C. At 7-9
      degrees C 1m7 DTT (20-50 min after application) reduced gamma to 61% of the
      control value and at 20-22 degrees C to 39%, while tau was reduced to 70% at both
      temperature ranges. The dose-response curve for iontophoretically applied ACh
      indicates that neither the total number of ionic channels nor the cooperativity
      within the receptors are changed. However, the affinity of ACh for the receptor
      sites was reduced. All effects of DTT were fully reversed by the oxidizing agent
      5,5'-dithie-bis-(2-nitro-benzoic acid) (DTNB).

PMID- 1080271
TI  - Chloride transport in isolated skin of Rana esculenta.
AB  - Using a modified Ussing chamber, transepithelial Cl transport in isolated skin of
      Rana esculenta was determined throughout the year. Unidirectional 36-Cl fluxes
      were measured in the absence of electrochemical gradients across the skin. The
      correlations between unidirectional Cl influx and Cl efflux respectively and the
      Cl concentration in Na containing solutions were not linear in the 0 to 90 meq/1
      range. The net Cl influx calculated from these two correlations was, in the same
      concentration range, also not linearly correlated and was significantly different
      from zero...

PMID- 1080272
TI  - Cerebellar control of vestibular neurons of the frog.
AB  - Intra- and extracellular potentials were recorded from vestibular neurons of the
      frog following stimulation of the ipsilateral cerebellar cortex (auricular lobe).
      Single neurons were identified as vestibular neurons by their location within the
      borders of the vestibular nuclei and by their activation via stimulation of the
      anterior branch of the VIIIth nerve. 2. Stimulation of the cerebellar auricular
      lobe provoked in some vestibular neurons apparently pure IPSPs with latencies as
      short as 1.5 msec suggesting a monosynaptic linkage between Purkinje cells and
      vestibular neuron. Vestibular-evoked responses were inhibited by cerebellar
      conditioning stimuli for as long as 50 msec. 3. Cerebellar stimulation also
      elicited an EPSP-IPSP sequence or occasionally pure EPSPs in vestibular neurons.
      These EPSPs were probably generated by axon reflex activation via the excitation
      of axons of primary and secondary vestibular neurons terminating in the
      cerebellum since they persisted after chronic VIIIth nerve section. Some
      vestibular evoked resonses were facilitated by cerebellar stimuli for 40-50 msec.
      4. Occasionally an inhibitory effect was also induced in vestibular neurons by
      paired ipsilateral VIIIth nerve stimulation; it's latency of onset and time
      course suggested that a vestibulo-cerebello-vestibular loop was mainly
      responsible for the inhibition.

PMID- 1080273
TI  - Tonic properties of the Flexor carpi radialis muscle of the male frog (Rana
      temporaria).
AB  - The mechanical acitvity of the isolated flexor carpi radialis muscle (FCRM) of
      the mature male frog (Rana temporaria) was compared to that of the sartorius
      muscle. Muscles were stimulated directly by massive shocks at 20 degrees C and
      isometric tension was recorded during single twitch, twitch series, long tetani
      and long tetanus series. Some groups of muscles were poisoned with IAA-N2 or
      FDNB. The FCRM showed a high resistance to fatigue during a tetanus series and a
      "fatigue contracture" during a twitch series. The rate of the tetanic tension
      rise was smaller by five to six times than in the sartorius muscle (0 to 50% Po)
      and the twitch/tetanus ratio was always very small. During continuous activity
      and after the blocking of recovery metabolic pathways, FCRM used its energetic
      stores two to three times slower than the sartorius muscle. These stores did not
      seem to be more important. The results indicate that the FCRM is not a "tonic"
      muscle but, quite possibly, is composed of several types of fibre like many other
      frog muscles. However, some characteristics of mechanical response cannot be
      explained by the common classification into two types of fibre.

PMID- 1080274
TI  - Late sodium current in the node of Ranvier.
AB  - Voltage clamp experiments carried out on nodes of Ranvier of myelinated fibres of
      Rana esculenta showed that a small fractoon of sodium channels fail to
      inactivate. Thus during long lasting depolarizing pulses there is a small Na
      current superimposed on the leakage and potassium currents. This late Na-current
      appears more marked in sensory fibres than in motor ones.

PMID- 1080275
TI  - [Letter: Antilymphocytic antibodies and monoclonal gammapthies].

PMID- 1080276
TI  - [Letter: Von Willebrand's disease complicated by ankylosing chronic
      polyarthritis].

PMID- 1080277
TI  - [Letter: Thromboembolic accidents after estroprogestative agents].

PMID- 1080278
TI  - [Sharp's syndrome: a new entity amongst the connective tissue diseases?].
AB  - Sharp and coworkers have coined the name "Mixed connective tissue disease" to an
      association of symptoms seen in different connective tissue diseases. Those
      symptoms are associated with a special antibody directed against
      ribonucleoproteins (RNA-P). The presence of this antibody accounts for a high
      titer of antinuclear fluorescent antibody, of the speckled type. The most
      frequents symptoms in the association described by Sharp are Raynaud's
      phenomenon, swollen fingers, non deforming arthritis. We have observed those
      symptoms without any further symptoms of connective tissue disease, but with the
      presence of anti-RNA-P antibody. We suggest to coin the name of Sharp's syndrome
      to that clinical association. The significance of anti-RNA-P, and their
      correlation with a remarkable benignity of the disease, is discussed.

PMID- 1080279
TI  - Nursing care study: Carole and the consequences of anticonvulsant therapy.

PMID- 1080280
TI  - The surgical treatment of angina pectoris.

PMID- 1080281
TI  - Blue dextran: influence on chromatographic profile and immunoreactivity of human
      follicle-stimulating hormone (HFSH).
AB  - When FSH is chromatographed on G-100 Sephadex in the absence of Blue Dextran, it
      elutes as a single peak in the region of monomeric FSH. The addition of Blue
      Dextran causes a significant portion of FSH, iodinated or uniodinated, to elute
      in the region of the void volume. When standard curves for FSH are performed
      under identical conditions, with tracer 125I-FSH from the void volume, and from
      the FSH monomer region, maximal immunoreactivity was significantly greater for
      the Blue Dextran-associated tracer.

PMID- 1080282
TI  - Gelfoam embolization of the left gastric artery for bleeding ulcer: experimental
      considerations.
AB  - A bleeding gastric ulcer was surgically created in 18 dogs, and the left gastric
      artery was successfully catheterized by percutaneous techniques in 15. Nine of
      these dogs were treated with vasopressin infusion which did not arrest the
      hemorrhage. A total of 11 dogs (five of them following unsuccessful vasopressin
      therapy) underwent embolization with strips of Gelfoam, and hemorrhage stopped in
      ten. This technique of embolization is concluded to be of value in the management
      of gastric hemorrhage.

PMID- 1080283
TI  - Release of prostaglandin F1alpha and F2alpha from superfused platelets:
      quantitative evaluation of the inhibitory effects of some aspirin-like drugs.
AB  - The release of PGF1alpha and PGF2alpha from superfused blood platelets was
      studied by the combined use of two radioimmunoassay systems with different
      specificities. PGF1alpha only accounted for approximately 30% of the total
      immunoreactivity. A substantially similar pattern of release was obtained with
      platelets of rat and human origin, although the latter released considerably
      lower amount of both compounds. Indomethacin, Femoprofen, Ditazole and Aspirin
      all inhibited PGF2alpha release from rat platelets in descending order of
      potency. Hydrocortisone was partically inactive. The release of PGF1alpha and
      PGF2alpha was inhibited to the same extent by both Indomethacin and Fenoprofen.
      Moreover, a quite similar inhibitory effect by the same drug on rat and human
      platelets was found in preliminary experiments. In agreement with a previous
      similar finding, Aspirin displayed a higher inhibitory activity than that
      reported in other tissues. The use of superfused platelets seems to provide a
      simple and reproducible model for studying pharmacologic influences upon PG
      formation.

PMID- 1080284
TI  - Cold-haemagglutinin disease with an autoantibody exhibiting different
      specificities at different temperatures.
AB  - A case of chronic cold-haemagglutinin disease is reported in which an agglutinin
      apparently carrying two specificities was present. At first, specificity was anti
      not-I and anti-I respectively: in the course of time anti-I was replaced by anti
      A-1. Both anti-I and anti-A-1 could be demonstrated at room temperature only
      while specificity was anti-not-I at 4 degrees C. The antibody displayed
      haemolytic activity at room temperature and gave stronger reactions when treated
      biphasically. The same pattern of specificity was apparent in haemolysis tests,
      i.e. anti-not-I in the biphasical reaction 4 degrees C goes to 37 degrees C and
      first anti-I and later anti-A-1 at room temperature and at 22 degrees C goes to
      37 degrees C. Anti-A-1 was not neutralized by A bloodgroup substance of animal
      origin nor by secretor saliva.

PMID- 1080285
TI  - Antibody response by cultured spleen fragments from carrier-primed mice to hapten
      protein conjugates.
AB  - Hapten-protein conjugates stimulated very poor anti-hapten responses in mouse
      spleen fragment cultures from unimmunized mice, whereas hapten coupled to type
      III pneumococcal polysaccharide or polylysine induced good responses. When the
      donors of the fragments were primed with the carrier protein, hapten-protein
      conjugates induced a strong anti-hapten response. Both the true primary and the
      carrier-primed response in vitro consisted mainly of IgA antibodies of 9-13S. In
      carrier-primed responses also IgM was produced at the beginning and IgG at the
      end of those responses.

PMID- 1080286
TI  - Effects of treating immune lymphocytes with a proteolytic enzyme (papain):
      reduction in immune potential and recovery after incubation.
AB  - Immune spleen cells were treated with papain, washed, and boosted with homologous
      antigen (4-hydroxy-3-iodo-5-nitrophenylacetic acid coupled to chicken globulin)
      for 1 hr at 4 degrees C. When transferred to irradiated mice, they produced up to
      20-fold less anti-hapten antibody than non-papain-treated cells. The lymphocytes
      could recover their ability to respond if incubated at 37 degrees C after papain
      treatment but before antigen boosting. Incubation for 30 min at 37 degrees C gave
      complete or almost complete recovery. Although papain usually reduced the
      response, in 31% of experiments the reduction was not significant. Possible
      reasons for this variability are discussed.

PMID- 1080287
TI  - Genetic control of the murine cell-mediated immune response in vivo. I. H-2
      linked responsiveness to the terpolymer L-glutamic acid-60-L-alanine-30-L
      tyrosine-10.
AB  - Various inbred and congenic strains of mice were immunized with the linear
      terpolymer L-glutamic acid-60-L-alanine-30-L-tyrosine-10 (GAT). Using a
      radioisotopic footpad assay to measure cell-mediated immunity in vivo, mice with
      H-2-a, H-2-b, H-2-d, and H-2-k histocompatibility alleles showed a positive
      reaction, whereas mice with H-2p and H-2-s alleles failed to respond. The ability
      of "responder" lymphocytes to show an immune response resides in the thymus
      derived (T) lymphocyte population. Unfractionated spleen cells from H-2-q
      nonresponder mice, on transfer, showed no reactivity, whereas T-cell-enriched
      preparations were active.

PMID- 1080288
TI  - Surface markers on human B and T lymphocytes. VII. Rosette formation between
      peripheral T lymphocytes and lymphoblastoid B-cell lines.
AB  - Almost 100% of peripheral T lymphocytes are shown to have the capacity to form
      rosettes with human lymphoblastoid B-cell lines, predominantly at 4 degrees C and
      with lines having surface-bound IgG. Blast-transformed T cells retained this
      capacity and formed rosettes even at 37 degrees C. Unstimulated T cells bound
      less readily to B-cell blasts, stimulated by pokeweed mitogen for 72 hr. Even
      though rosettes, formed at 4 degrees C, were stable for several hours at 37
      degrees C, no T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity could be detected during overnight
      incubation. Extreme pH values and trypsinization decreased rosette formation,
      whereas neuraminidase treatment enhanced the reaction. Rosette formation was
      independent of bivalent cations and unimpaired in the presence of inhibitors
      (NaF, NaN3), undiluted human or fetal calf sera, protein A, sonicated sheep
      erythrocyte membranes, and normal or heat-aggregated human IgG. Anti-Ig, anti
      beta2-microglobulin, or anti-T cell sera did not influence rosette formation.

PMID- 1080289
TI  - The protective role of thymus-derived lymphocytes in arbovirus-induced
      meningoencephalitis.
AB  - The inflammatory response in mouse brain and the elimination of virus from the
      brain following intracerebral inoculation of a group A arbovirus has been shown
      to be T-cell dependent. Virus persists in the brain of T-cell depleted mice, and
      inflammation is depressed. Virus persists in the brain of T-cell depleted mice,
      and inflammation is depressed. Inflammation is restored by transfer of immune
      cells but not by immune serum, and the transferred cells are effective in
      reducing virus titres in the absence of circulating antibody. Transferred
      antibody is not efficient in protecting infected mice. The cells that restore
      inflammation can come from mice immunized with a group A arbovirus of the same
      subtype but not from mice immunized with more distantly related viruses.
      Macrophages may be important effector cells working in collaboration with T
      cells.

PMID- 1080290
TI  - Are fetal cells in maternal blood mainly B lymphocytes?
AB  - In 10 blood samples from mothers who were studied after the delivery of a male
      infant and who had Y-body-containing cells in their circulations (mean value,
      0.06%) the proportions of surface-Ig- and Y-body-positive lymphocytes were
      determined after passage through nylon wool. In each case one part of the sample
      was treated with pronase before the nylon wool incubation and the other was not.
      Passage through nylon wool of maternal lymphocytes not treated with pronase
      resulted in a drastic decrease of fetal cells, since only 1 Y-body-containing
      cell was found in 1 of the 10 maternal blood samples studied, as compared with 28
      Y bodies in the 10 samples not passed through nylon wool. In lymphocytes
      pretreated with pronase, 7 fetal cells were recovered after passage through nylon
      wool, although only in 5 of the 10 samples. Thus most fetal cells in maternal
      blood adhere to nylon wool, as do B lymphocytes, but this adherence is to some
      extent affected by pronase incubation.

PMID- 1080291
TI  - Interactions between ricinus agglutinin and human IgM and IgG.
AB  - Ricinus agglutinin, purified until homogeneous, precipitates serum glycoproteins
      with terminal nonreducing galactose residues including IgM and IgG. Almost 100%
      of IgM reacted with anti-IgM and ricinus agglutinin in quantitative precipitin
      tests. In similar tests, almost 100% of polyclonal IgG was precipitated by excess
      anti-IgG, whereas only about 10% reacted with ricinus agglutinin. In quantitative
      precipitin analyses and affinity chromatography experiments with insolubilized
      ricinus agglutinin and isolated monoclonal IgG1 and IgG3 proteins, only IgG3
      proteins reacted with ricinus agglutinin.

PMID- 1080292
TI  - Deficient lymphoid cell-mediated, PHA-induced cytotoxicity in rheumatoid
      arthritis patients.
AB  - Lymphoid cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were compared with those
      from healthy blood donors and from nonrheumatoid arthritis patients for the
      ability to manifest in vitro cytotoxicity against target cells in the presence of
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or anti-target cell antibodies. The PHA-induced
      cytotoxicity in the rheumatoid patient group was significantly lower than that of
      the blood donors (P less than 0.01) and of the nonrheumatoid patients (P less
      than 0.05). The rheumatoid arthritis patients appeared to fall into two groups,
      one with normal and one with distinctly subnormal PHA-induced cytotoxicity. No
      obvious differences were observed betes, or the proportion in peripheral blood of
      T lymphocytes (E-RFC) or Fc-receptor-bearing lymphocytes (EA-RFC). There were no
      significant differences between the groups with regard to antibody-dependent
      cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1080293
TI  - [Hemophilia A: early detection of women carriers by Laurell's quantitative
      immunoelectrophoresis].
AB  - Using one-stage quantitative factor VIII assay and the quantitative
      immunoelectrophoretic method of LAURELL a good correlation has been found between
      factor VII activity and protein concentration. In 80% of the known hemophilia A
      carriers the protein concentration was about twice as high as in normals as
      compared to the factor VIII activity, whereas about 20% of the known carriers
      have the same ratio between factor VIII protein and factor VIII activity as
      normals. The reliability of the test and its usefulness for the detection of
      hemophilia A carriers are discussed.

PMID- 1080294
TI  - [Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency. Physiopathological consequences].
AB  - Alpha-1-antitrypsine, a glycoprotein synthesized in the liver, exists in
      different phenotypic variants. The Z allele, when heterozygotic, causes a
      diminution of protein in the blood; when homozygotic it causes an almost complete
      absence of blood protein. It appears that in instances of deficiency the
      hepatocyte is unable to secrete the protein it synthesizes, and this leads to
      intracellular accumulation of protein (visible on histological examination as
      granules of amorphic P.A.S.-positive material). The deficiency is accompanied by
      pulmonary manifestations of the destructive emphysematic type. The lesions are
      probably related to the absence of anti-protease activity in the lung tissues:
      proteolysis of the lung in animals reproduces the lesions observed in man.
      Studies on large populations have shown that, in people exhibiting a total or
      intermediate deficiency in alpha-1-antitrypsine, cigarette smoking represents a
      significant risk factor in that it increases the probability of parenchylmal
      destruction.

PMID- 1080295
TI  - [Experimental studies on the vascular effect of adrenaline and POR-8
      infiltrations in the jaw region].
AB  - The infiltration of a vasoconstrictor causes bleeding to diminish in the surgical
      field. Adrenalin is such a vasoconstrictor, but because of its metabolic action,
      acidosis develops in the tissue followed by decreased oxygen tension, a reactive
      hyperemia. This can of course cause postoperative hemorrage and edema.

PMID- 1080296
TI  - Epidemiology and aetiology of cancer of the uterine cervix including the
      detection of carcinogenic N-nitrosamines in the human vaginal vault.
AB  - Cancer of the uterine cervix occurs with high frequency in black females of
      several populations of Southern Africa. It accounts for 40-50% of all cancers in
      Black females in the Johannesburg area and for over 40% of those in women in the
      rural lowveld area of the Transvaal. The aetiology of this cancer has several
      distinct features, almost all of which concern some or other aspect of coitus.
      Age at first coitus and at first marriage, and promiscuity, are very strongly
      associated with the development of the disease, and age, race, religion, culture,
      socio-economic status, extent of genital hygiene and venereal disease also play a
      major role. In spite of current belief, circumcision of the male partner is at
      best weakly associated with the development of the disease, and so are
      menstruation, coital habits and pregnancy. Certain aetiological features are
      selectively discussed; these include Herpesvirus type II, 'rogue' spermatozoa and
      the recent isolation of a group of potent carcinogens, the nitrosamines, in
      infected discharge samples taken from the vaginal vault of patients attending
      gynaecological clinics.

PMID- 1080297
TI  - Tuberculosis control in an urban Black community.
AB  - A tuberculosis case-finding survey of an urban Black community is described. The
      programme included health education of the community leaders, tuberculin testing
      of all scholars at the schools, and of the pre-school and non-schoolgoi  ng
      children in their homes. The insignificant reactors to the tuberculin skin test
      were BCG-vaccinated. Isoniazid prophylactic therapy of the significant reactors
      was instituted and their contacts were radiologically investigated. The various
      results are to be found in the tables in the main body of this review.

PMID- 1080298
TI  - Auditing the P.O.M.R. system.

PMID- 1080299
TI  - Plasma expansion in surgical patients with high central venous pressure (CVP);
      the relationship of blood volume to hematocrit, CVP, pulmonary wedge pressure,
      and cardiorespiratory changes.
AB  - There was no correlation of blood volume measurements with central venous
      pressure (CVP) or hematocrit determinations and only minimal suggestive trends
      with wedge pressure in a large series of postoperative patients; the lack of
      correlations emphasize the unreliability of venous pressure and hematocrit
      determinations to predict blood volume alterations. To evaluate the physiological
      problems, to define optimal therapeutic goals, and to measure therapeutic
      effectiveness of volume loading with an oncotically active agent, we measured the
      hemodynamic and oxygen transport responses to 500 ml. of 5 percent albumin given
      over 1 hour in 22 patients with CVP greater than 15 cm. H2O. The patients were
      separated into two groups according to the CVP response to volume therapy. The
      CVP decreased in 14 (64 percent) of these patients (Group 1), but it increased
      slightly but not significantly in eight (36 percent) patients (Group 2). In Group
      1 patients, there was increased flow, improvement of tissue perfusion as
      reflected by increased oxygen consumption, and augmentation of the ventricular
      function. In Group 2 there were slight increases in mean flow, mean pulmonary
      arterial pressure, and mean transit time and slightly decreased pulmonary
      vascular resistance; there was appreciable improvement in left ventricular
      function without significant deterioration of right ventricular function. The
      high initial central venous pressure is not a reliable index of either
      hypervolemia or cardiac failure in critically ill patients. It is concluded that
      a trial of volume loading with an oncotically active agent with frequent
      auscultation of the chest and careful observation of the CVP trends will give the
      maximum diagnostic as well as therapeutic information.

PMID- 1080300
TI  - Plasma components which interfere with ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation.
AB  - Normal human plasma contains a component or components which interfere with
      ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation. Preliminary examination suggests a
      protein (or proteins) which binds ristocetin and competes more effectively for
      ristocetin than do the proteins involved in ristocetin-induced platelet
      aggregation. The presence of this protein in normal human plasma also prevents
      ristocetin-induced precipitation of plasma proteins at levels of ristocetin
      necessary to produce platelet aggregation (0.5-2.0 mg/ml). Serum contains an
      apparent two0fold increase of this component when compared with plasma. Heating
      serum at 56 degrees for one hour results in ad additional 2 to 4 forl increase.
      The presence of a ristocetin-binding protein in normal human plasma requires that
      this protein be saturated with ristocetin before ristocetin-induced platelet
      aggregation will occur. Variations in the ristocetin-binding protein(s) will
      cause apparent discrepancies in ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation in normal
      human plasmas.

PMID- 1080301
TI  - Immunochemical distinction between antiplasmin and alpha-antitrypsin.

PMID- 1080302
TI  - The antiglobulin microcytotoxicity assay in HL-A genotyped families.
AB  - HL-A genotyping was accomplished in 30 families (8 black, 21 white, and 1
      American Indian) based on serological results obtained by our ususal
      lymphocytotoxicity assays. Each family was further tested by an antiglobulin
      microcytotoxicity method. Segregation patterns obtained by the latter method,
      compared with those of the former, showed few discrepancies. HL-A-identical
      siblings were serologically similar by the antiglobulin assay with frequency of
      discordant reactions at the same level as that of our regular two-stage
      lymphocytotoxicity assay. The antiglobulin method was shown to be highly
      reproducible with 1.3% discordance between duplicate tests. Many sera employed in
      routine cytotoxicity testing gave positive reactions with all family members in
      the antiglobulin assay (39% all positive by antiglobulin versus 16% by the
      regular cytotoxicity test), so that this method has limited usefulness for
      routine HL-A typing. The antiglobulin assay may have particular value, however,
      for identifying HL-A haplotypes in families, especially non-Caucasian, which give
      infrequent positive reactions in the usual lymphocytotoxicity assays.

PMID- 1080303
TI  - Ag-F: serological and genetic identification of a new locus in the rat governing
      lymphocyte membrane antigens.
AB  - A new genetic locus in the rat (Ag-F) is described. It controls expression of
      lymphocyte membrane antigens as determined by allospecific cytotoxic antibody. It
      is linked by approximately two recombination units to the gene for albinism and
      is therefore in linkage group I. It is suggested that Ag-F is the homologue in
      the rat of mouse H-1. It appears to be highly polymorphic and yields antigens
      which are highly cross reactive serologically. Disparity at Af-F is the probable
      cause of alloantibody responses attributable to reciprocal immunization between
      the Lewis and Fischer strains.

PMID- 1080304
TI  - Genetic control of thymus-derived cell function. V. Mitrogen-stimulated
      deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by thymus, spleen, and lymph node cells from the
      Biozzi high and low antibody-producing lines of mice.

PMID- 1080305
TI  - [Effect of insulin of frog skeletal muscle respiration].
AB  - The respiration of the isolated frog sartorius muscle was measured
      polarographically. The endogenous respiration was seen to increase by 8 and 6
      times in 20 mM KCL and 0.05 mM 2,4-DNP, resp., and by 40 percent in 10mM pyruvate
      or lactate. Insulin stimulated the endogemous respiration from 27 to 38 mm-3
      O2/hr. per gramm of wet weight. In the excess of exogenous lactate and pyruvate,
      the degree of the insulin stimulated respiration did not change. It is suggested
      that the increase of the endogenous respiration by insulin cannot be accounted
      for by the mobilization of the substrate of glycolysis.

PMID- 1080306
TI  - [Transport of D-xylose in isolated frog sartorius muscle in the presence of
      actinomycin D].
AB  - The action of actinomycin D on the basal and insulin stimulated D-xylose uptake
      has been studied on isolated frog sartorius muscles. Actinomycin D at
      concentrations of 10 mg/ml or 100 mg/ml exerts no effect on the basal transport
      of sugar and causes no alteration in the response to insulin. The distribution
      coefficient of actinomycin D in muscle tissue is equal 0,9--1. It is supposed
      that the inhibition of RNA synthesis by antibiotics does not influence sugar
      transport.

PMID- 1080307
TI  - [Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug].

PMID- 1080308
TI  - Hypertensive optic neuropathy.
AB  - In 1970 a 62-year-old physician with hypertensive vascular disease suffered a
      small infarction in the left optic disc, which left him with a subtle paracentral
      temporal visual field defect in that eye. In 1973 he had another separate and
      distinct episode in the same eye, which produced a dense lower nasal field
      defect. Careful Hruby lens examination of the disc under high magnification
      revealed focal arteriolar disease in the optic nerve head corresponding to the
      field defects, and fluorescein angiography confirmed these findings. The
      importance of differentiating ischemic optic neuropathy, hypertensive optic
      neuropathy, and temporal arteritis with optic nerve involvement is emphasized,
      and the therapy of each is discussed.

PMID- 1080309
TI  - [Rare causes of acute gastric hemorrhage].
AB  - According to the author's findings rare causes of acute gastric hemorrhages (the
      Mallory-Weiss syndrome, cancerous lesions of the gastrointestinal organs,
      excluding the stomach, esophageal and duodenal diverticulum, prolapse of gastric
      mucosa into the duodenum, necrosis of the gastric wall, its traumatic rupture,
      the Rendu-Osler disease, rupture of the renal artery aneurysm) made 3.2% of other
      causes. Profuse hemorrhage was noted in 12 of 32 patients under consideration. In
      8 of 32 patients (25%) the diagnosis was established only at autopsy. In other
      more frequent causes of acute gastric hemorrhage the diagnosis proved to be
      feasible in 90-95% of cases.

PMID- 1080310
TI  - [Changes in the level of electrolytes in the blood of patients with acute gastro
      intestinal hemorrhages].
AB  - The authors have studied kinetically the content of potassium, sodium, calcium
      and chlorides in blood plasma, potassium and sodium in erythrocytes and diurnal
      urine in 27 practically healthy subjects and in 100 patients with acute
      gastrointestinal hemorrhages of various etiology. Variations in the level of
      electrolytes are described.

PMID- 1080311
TI  - [Emergency esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the diagnosis of acute gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage].
AB  - It is reported that among 1383 endoscopies, performed in the clinic, 618--were
      defined as urgent ones for acute gastrointestinal hemorrhages. There were 470
      male and 148 female patients, their age ranging from 14 to 93 years. 408
      endoscopies were performed during the first 6 hours since patients' admission to
      the clinic, and 210--during the following 48 hours. Contraindications to an
      urgent exploration of patients in hemorrhage from upper portions of the digestive
      tract are determined.

PMID- 1080312
TI  - Polypoid lesion of cecum.

PMID- 1080313
TI  - Metabolism of 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyethyl) quinazoline
      2,4(1H,3H)-dione (H-88). I. Species differences in metabolism.
AB  - 1. Following oral administration of [14C] H-88 to rat, mouse, quinea-pig and
      hamster, 40-65% and 5-15% of radioactivity was excreted in urine and faeces
      respectively during 3 or 4 days. In rabbit, monkey and man, more than 80% of
      radioactivity was excreted in urine during 2 or 3 days, and faecal excretion was
      negligible. 2. Rabbit, rat or guinea-pig excreted non-labelled H-88 in urine as
      unchanged H-88 (M-I), 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl) quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione-3
      acetic acid (M-II), H-88 glucuronide (M-III) and 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(2
      hydroxyethyl)-6-hydroxyguinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (M-IV). 3. The carboxylic
      acid (M-II) was the major metabolite of H-88 in rat, mouse, guinea-pig and
      hamster urine and faeces, while the major metabolite in urine of rabbit, monkey
      and man was H-88 glucuronide (M-III). The 6-hydroxy compound (M-IV) was a major
      metabolite only in guinea-pig.

PMID- 1080314
TI  - [Effect of a UHF electrical field on spermatogenesis in the treatment of
      epididymitis].

PMID- 1080315
TI  - [Lymphocyte blast transformation reaction in eczema patients and their
      relations].

PMID- 1080316
TI  - [The value of gingival bleeding tests in school children].

PMID- 1080317
TI  - [Cellular organization of the vestibular nucleus of the frog medulla oblongata].
AB  - Ventral vestibular nucleus of frogs is composed by multipolar cells of
      isodendritic type. Three basic kinds of cells are found in the nucleus-large,
      medium and small ones which differ mainly by the number of synaptic contacts on
      their perikaryon. The neuropile of the vestibular nucleus contains a large number
      of unmyelinated nervous fibers and exhibits numerous contacts formed along each
      of the fibers. Similar features in the organization of ventral vestibular nucleus
      in frogs and Deuters nucleus in rats and cats are noted. Functional role of
      cellular elements composing the nucleus is discussed.

PMID- 1080318
TI  - [Condition of lymphoid tissue and characteristics of development of antitoxin
      immunity during an experimental course of methotrexate treatment].
AB  - Methotrexate administered to albino mice in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg for a period of
      10 days caused significant (two period) changes in the central and peripheral
      immunocompetent tissue. During the first--destructive--period there occurred a
      marked reduction in the weight of the spleen and the thymus, a cut in the count
      of the nuclear cells in them, and also a significant depletion of the cellular
      composition of the lymphoid organs. Suspension of the cytostatic was followed by
      a gradual restoration of all the indices under study, slower in the thymus than
      in the spleen. In the animals immunized with the tetanus toxoid against the
      background of the methotrexate administration all the changes in the lymphoid
      organs developed under a preponderant influence of the cytostatic agent; the
      action of the antigen was depressed during the whole experiment. Specific
      antibodies appeared in the blood of these animals later and their titres were
      lower than in control; experimental mice were also less resistant to tetanus
      toxin.

PMID- 1080319
TI  - Fatal haemorrhage following atraumatic liver rupture secondary to post-operative
      perforation of the gall-bladder. A case report.
AB  - A case of post-operative perforation of the gallbladder with massive
      intraperitoneal haemorrhage is presented. The clinical picture was complicated by
      urinary infection and bleeding from an acute gastric erosion. It is suggested
      that the antibiotic treatment given for his urinary infection may have altered
      the clinical course of his cholecystitis, allowing a silent perforation to take
      place and present in the form of an atraumatic liver rupture.

PMID- 1080320
TI  - A method for partial decapitation of chicken embryos; its limitations as a
      substitute for adenohypophysectomy - an evaluation of "equivalent" methods in
      amniotes.

PMID- 1080321
TI  - The distribution of polymorphic traits in atopic asthmatic patients.
AB  - The phenotypic distribution and gene frequencies of haptoglobin (Hp), transferrin
      (Tf), group specific component (Gc), cholinesterase (Cho E2), and alpha1
      antitrypsin (Pi) in plasma proteins, and phosphoglucomutase (PGM), 6
      phosphogluconate dehydrogenase ((6-PGD), esterase D (Es D), phosphohexose
      isomerase (PHI), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and acid phosphatase (AcP) in red
      cells were studied in 127 atopic, asthmatic patients. The gene frequencies were
      compared with normal groups. The phenotypic distribution of the Pi system in
      atopic patients was somewhat different from the normal. No significant
      differences were found between the two groups in protein systems or in enzyme
      systems, except Pi systems. In conclusion, except for the Pi system, no definite
      association between polymorphic traits and atopic asthma was found in this study.

PMID- 1080322
TI  - The fine structure of the lymphocyte nucleus under conditions of
      phytohaemagglutinin stimulation.
AB  - The nucleus of PHA (phytohaemagglutinin) cultured lymphocytes is studied by EDTA,
      Thalium-Schiff and uranyl-lead techniques. Scattering of the dense chromatin,
      increase in the number of NB (nuclear bodies) and nucleolar modifications are
      established. Transportation is seen of granules similar to perichromatin ones
      from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. Morphometric investigation reveals a
      decrease between 7,7 and 26,3% of the dense chromatin and also that the number of
      PCG (perichromatin granules) to be the greatest in the untransformed PHA
      lymphocytes, e.g. B lymphocytes. It is established in new born chickens that the
      lymphocytes of the bourse of Fabricius are richer in PCG than these of the
      thymus.

PMID- 1080323
TI  - Observation of Kolmer's crystalloid outside the retina. Presence in the corneal
      endothelium in various conditions.
AB  - A structure similar to Kolmer's crystalloid, an organelle found in the horizontal
      cells of the retina, was observed in endothelial cells of the cornea from four
      patients (one case of hyperparathyroidism and three cases of corneal dystrophy).
      Based on a morphological analysis it is concluded that the structures in the
      present cases are identical with the cytoplasmic structure of the horizontal
      cell, and that the membranous tubes probably constitute a special form of rough
      surfaced endoplasmic reticulum, eventually involved in transport and/or a
      specialized protein synthesis.

PMID- 1080324
TI  - Stimulation of the vestibular receptor by means of step temperature changes
      during continuous aural irrigation.
AB  - A technique for rapid, balanced hot/cold stimulation of the vestibular receptor
      is presented. During continuous aural irrigation the temperature of the
      irrigation fluid is switched between hot and cold values at times computed
      according to a mathematical model of heat conduction in the labyrinth area. As a
      result, the induced temperature difference across the lateral semicircular canal
      describes an approximately sinusoidal time course, reaching peak values of equal
      magnitude but opposite sign. Application of the test to 32 clinical subjects
      demonstrated that the heat conduction model and the analysis used in timing the
      sequence of thermal pulses was accurate. We expect that, with further
      refinements, the new technique will prove superior to conventional caloric test
      methods in the detection and measurement of subtle as well as gross abnormalities
      of the vestibular system.

PMID- 1080325
TI  - Complement fixing and lymphocytotoxic antibodies in serum of pregnant women at
      delivery. III. Clinical observations.
AB  - The investigation comprised 2,008 pregnancies. Sera fnd lymphocytotoxic
      antibodies (LCTAb). 14 women had only CFPAb, 44 had CFPAb and LCTAb, 224 had only
      LCTAb. In 3 of 481 cord blood serum samples LCTAb were demonstrated. No cases of
      neutropenia or thrombocytopenia was observed. No association was found between
      CFPAb or LCTAb and stillbirth, birth defects, degree of bilirubinaemia, diseases
      of the newborn, or placental weight. It was suggested that the applied
      lymphocytotoxicity test detects both in vivo cytolytic antibodies and enhancing
      antibodies, which may explain the results.

PMID- 1080326
TI  - Electron microscopy of Trichomonas vaginalis Donne: interaction with vaginal
      epithelium in human trichomoniasis.
AB  - Light and electron microscopic examination of portio biopsies from eleven
      patients with trichomoniasis vaginalis revealed in four patients clusters of
      cells of T. vaginalis (T. vag.) which were attached to the vaginal mucosa. The
      minimum gap between adjacent trichomonad cells was the size of gap junctions (2
      nm). Cells of T. vag. invaded superficially located epithelial cells but did not
      penetrate to the deeper cell layers of the epithelium. The latter, however, were
      frequently infiltrated with neutrophilic granulocytes. Contact between cells of
      T. vag. and neutrophils was not observed. Trichomonads which were attached to
      epithelial cells contained a dense network of cytoplasmic microfilaments in the
      part of the cell which came into contact with the epithelium. The remaining part
      contained the organelles normally seen in T. vag.. Endocytotic cell activity of
      amoeboid T. vag. occurred from the free cell surface only. A cell coat on the
      cell membrane--formed by bristles--was confined mainly to pinocytotic
      invaginations. Glycogen granules which were absent from the larger part of the
      epithelium were densely packed in the trichomonad cells. The findings in this
      study indicate that the interaction between the cells of T. vag. and the vaginal
      epithelium takes place primarily at a distance probably by means of substances
      released into the vaginal fluid, and secondly by a direct cell contact mechanism.

PMID- 1080327
TI  - 2,6-cis-Diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane chemistry, analytical chemistry,
      biological effects and excretion.

PMID- 1080328
TI  - The distribution of 14-C labelled KABI 1774.

PMID- 1080329
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane in man.

PMID- 1080330
TI  - The crystal and molecular structure of 2,6-cis
      diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane.

PMID- 1080331
TI  - 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane: physico-chemical properties and
      analytical methods.

PMID- 1080332
TI  - Mass fragmentographic determination of 2,6-cis
      diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane in human serum.

PMID- 1080333
TI  - Changes produced in the male genital organs of rabbits and dogs by 2,6-cis
      diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (KABI 1774).

PMID- 1080334
TI  - 2,6-CIS-Diphenylhexamethylcycloterasiloxane: chemistry, analytical chemistry,
      biological effects and excretion. Introduction and general summary.

PMID- 1080335
TI  - The antigonadotropic activity of an organosiloxane in the male rat: 2,6-cis
      diphenylhexamethylcyc otetrasiloxane.

PMID- 1080336
TI  - Effects of oral 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane on the reproductive
      system of the male Macaca mulatta.

PMID- 1080337
TI  - The hormonal and antifertility activity of 2,6-cis-diphenylhexa
      methylcyclotetrasiloxane in the female rat.

PMID- 1080338
TI  - Forty days oral toxicity of 2,6-cis-diphenylhexamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (KABI
      1774)in beagle dogs with special reference to effects on the male reproductive
      system.

PMID- 1080339
TI  - Effect of caffeine on locomotor activity and central catecholamine mechanisms: a
      study with special reference to drug interaction.

PMID- 1080340
TI  - Ionic requirements for rapid axonal transport in vitro in frog sciatic nerves.
AB  - The effects of K+, Na+, hypo- and hypertonicity on the synthesis and fast axonal
      transport of 3H-leucine-labelled protein were studied in vitro in the frog
      sciatic system. The methodology used made it possible to discriminate between
      effects on synthesis and transport of protein. The preparation which consisted of
      the dorsal ganglia, the sciatic nerve and the gastrocnemius muscle was placed in
      an incubation chamber. The ganglia were incubated in standard Ringer containing
      3H-leucine and the nerve was prefused with modified Ringer. Perfusion of the
      nerve for 17 h with K+-free Ringer of Na+-free Ringer did not affect the rapid
      axonal transport of 3H-leucine-labelled material from the ganglia along the nerve
      towards a ligature in front of which it accumulated. Not was the transport
      influenced by concentrations of K+ up to 68.8 mM. In contrast concentrations
      exceeding 100 mM K+ partially inhibited the transport. Inhibition by ouabain (0.1
      mM) was not prevented by elevating K+ to 30 mM, Deviation from isotonicity,
      towards a hypo- or a hypertonic medium, partially inhibited axonal transport. The
      transport inhibitory effects showed reversibility. Expermintal conditions, which
      arrested the transport, were tested in spearate experiments for effects on uptake
      of 3H-leucine into TCA-soluble and insoluble ganglionic components. K+
      substituted for Na+, ouabain (0.1 mM) and hypotonic Ringer partially inhibited
      the amino acid uptake but also subsequent steps in the incorporation process,
      whereas only the latter was inhibited by hypertonic Ringer. The results are
      discussed in relation to possible changes in energy metabolism.

PMID- 1080341
TI  - Conductance recording of ionic outflow from frog skin glands during nerve
      stimulation.
AB  - A method for continuous recording of the ionic efflux from frog skin glands has
      been developed which under given experimental conditions provides a convenient
      index on glandular secretion. A nerve skin preparation from the calf is mounted
      so that the outside of the skin forms the bottom of a small test compartment with
      distilled water while the corium side is bathing in Ringer's solution. After
      determination of the adequate nerve stimulus parameters for discernible gland
      secretion to occur, the skin nerve was stimulated at 10 Hz during varying periods
      and chemical control analyses performed of the changes in ionic content of the
      test compartment solution. The main ionic outflow consisted of Na+ and Cl- in
      equal amounts, the outflow of other ions during stimulation being negligible. The
      concomitant conductance changes were measured as variations of absorption in a
      high-frequency field applied to a conductance probe placed in the test chamber.
      Determinations of the NaCl outflow based on the conductance changes were in good
      agreement with the values obtained by chemical analysis. The continuous
      conductance recordings proved to give approximative information of the quantities
      and time relations of the glandular secretion, allowing a direct comparison with,
      e.g., skin potential changes.

PMID- 1080342
TI  - Host specificity of DNA in Haemophilus influenzae: the in vivo action of the
      restriction endonucleases on phage and bacterial DNA.
AB  - In Haemophilus influenzae strains only the type 1 of the restriction
      endonucleases have an in vivo effect on phage and bacterial transforming DNA. The
      type 2 of restriction endonucleases which act very efficiently in vitro are
      completely inactive in vivo. The reasons for this inactivity is unknown.

PMID- 1080343
TI  - Coronary bypass graft for stable angina, impending myocardial infarction and
      acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1080344
TI  - Value of internal mammary artery bypass.
AB  - Coronary artery bypass in 150 patients with angina has been accomplished with 225
      IMA grafts and 85 saphenous vein grafts. There were 7 (4.7%) hospital deaths.
      Posterative catheterization in 85% of patients revealed that 9 (4.7%) IMA grafts
      and 11 (15%) vein graft had thrombosed. One-year catheterization in 32 patients
      (38 IMA grafts and 13 vein grafts) revealed no additional graft failures. The
      better patency of the IMA grafts appears to be related to their smaller size and
      therfore greater velocity of blood flow and freedom from intimal proliferation.

PMID- 1080345
TI  - Indications for surgery in the patient with 'impending myocardial infarction'
      (unstable angina pectoris).

PMID- 1080346
TI  - Surgical intervention for preinfarction angina.

PMID- 1080347
TI  - Objective elaluation of bypass surgery in patients with acute coronary artery
      disease.
AB  - 80 patients with acute coronary artery disease, including 70 patients with PIA, 8
      patients with acute myocardial infarction, and 2 patients with cardiogenic shock,
      underwent bypass surgery. The surgical mortality rate was 1.4% in patients with
      PIA and during an average follow-up period of 15 months none of the patients died
      of cardiac disease. Ventricular function, as indicated by systolic ejection
      fraction and segmental wall motion, was noted to improve in many patients.
      Postoperative studies showed the internal mammary artery to be superior to the
      saphenous vein graft for left coronary bypass procedures. This was demonstrated
      by 100% patency of internal mammary artery grafts to the left anterior descending
      coronary artery. We believe that when a patient presents with one of the
      syndromes of acute coronary artery disease such as unstable angina, severe chest
      pain suggestive of infarction without infarction, status anginosis, recurrent
      ventricular tachycardia or acute myocardial infarction complicated by evidence of
      potential extension, cardiogenic shock, heart block or rupture, these patients
      deserve at least coronary and left ventricular  cineangiographic studies with
      hemodynamic evaluation. Our experience to date suggests that myocardial
      revascularization and catheterization carry a lesser risk than that of medical
      treatment.

PMID- 1080348
TI  - Early and late effects of the coronary bypass operation on cardiac contractility
      and coordination.
AB  - In 100 cases of coronary heart disease, cardiac contractility was studied before
      and after coronary bypass by a flow method, the force ballistocardiogram, and by
      a pressure method, the carotid pulse derivative. The two methods gave very
      similar results in most cases, and the agreement of their averages was
      impressive. A marked increase in cardiac strength, reaching its maximum a month
      or two after operation, followed the procedure in most cases. Cardiac
      coordination was also improved at this time in many subjects, but complete
      cardiac normality was very rarely attained. This early postoperative improvement
      was greater in hearts judged to be weak before operation than in those judged to
      be normal in strength. The early cardiac improvement was seldom held in its
      entirety, but usually declined at a rate, which, if continued, would abolish the
      postoperative improvement in about three years. This rate of cardiac decline was
      many times faster than that found in healthy persons or in unoperated cases of
      mild angina as age advanced. Nevertheless, in over 1/3 of our cases followed for
      a year and a half or longer, their hearts were still stronger or better
      coordinated, or both, than they had been before operation, and there is reason to
      believe that the decline was leveling. At their last test, the great majority of
      patients still reported that subjective improvement in their angina continued.
      This subjective improvement was significantly related to objective improvement of
      cardiac contractility in our date, but there was one striking exception to this
      rule. Previous studies of results following internal mammary artery ligation anf
      the Vineberg procedure afford an important control to the present work.

PMID- 1080349
TI  - Variant angina pectoris: Clinical and anatomic spectrum and results of coronary
      bypass surgery.
AB  - Twenty patients are described with the variant angina syndrome (recurrent angina
      at rest with S-T segment elevations occurring only during pain and no evolution
      of infarction). In contrast to patients previously reported on, all but one had
      progressive unstable angina before hospitalization. Angina was frequently
      associated with arrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation (2 instances),
      ventricular tachycardia (4), frequent ventricular premature beats (5),
      atrioventricular block (4), sinus bradycardia (2), sinoatrial exit block (1) and
      supraventricular tachycardia (1). Seventeen patients had significant proximal
      stenosis of one or more coronary arteries with good distal vessels. Bypass
      surgery in 15 of these patients resulted in one noncardiac postoperative death,
      one perioperative infarction and relief of pain in all 14 survivors. After a 17
      month mean follow-up period (range 4 to 38 months), all survivors are pain-free.
      Three patients had no significant coronary disease; one of these became
      asymptomatic with medical therapy, one continues to have angina and one died
      suddenly. Patients with normal coronary arteries could not be distinguished
      clinically or by electrocardiogram from those with severe obstructive lesions.
      This experience suggests that all patients with the variant angina syndrome
      should be studied by coronary angiography, and that most patients with
      significant fixed coronary lesions will do well after coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1080350
TI  - Reappearance of anterior QRS forces after coronary bypass surgery. An
      electrovectorcardiographic study.
AB  - This report describes the reappearance of anterior QRS electrical forces in six
      patients after direct coronary arterial bypass surgery. Each patient had severe
      coronary artery disease including a segmental stenosis of the left anterior
      descending artery. Revascularization was performed by direct  anastomosis of the
      left mammary artery to the left anterior descending coronary artery and saphenous
      vein bypass of other stenotic coronary arteries. Preoperative electrocardiograms
      and vectorcardiograms showed patterns of anterior wall myocardial infarction with
      absent or diminutive anterior QRS forces. In each case, postoperative studies
      demonstrated the regeneration of anterior QRS forces within 10 days of operation.
      Although these patients represent a small percent of those with a preoperative
      pattern of infarction who undergo coronary revascularization, the findings
      demonstrate that electrically silent areas of myocardium may be altered and are
      not always synonymous with myocardial cell death. Chronic myocardial ischemia may
      in certain instances produce electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic
      patterns of myocardial infarction that may be reversible upon reestablishment of
      perfusion to ischemic areas.

PMID- 1080351
TI  - Experimental coronary arterial occlusion and release. Effects on enzymes,
      electrocardiograms, myocardial contractility and reactive hyperemia.
AB  - After less than 1 hour of coronary arterial occlusion, the myocardium suffers
      irreversible changes as revealed by electron microscopy. Yet, the earliest
      clinical laboratory indexes of myocardial infarction--elevated serum enzyme
      levels and significant Q waves on the electrocardiogram--are not detected until
      at least 6 hours after coronary occlusion. To study the early period after
      coronary occlusion in the dog, occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary
      artery for 1 to 3 hours was followed by release, and coronary sinus and venous
      enzyme levels, the electrocardiogram and myocardial contractility from the
      infarcted area, and reactive hyperemia were monitored. Coronary sinus enzyme
      levels rose within 15 minutes after release of occlusion in half of the
      experiments with 1 to 1 1/2 hours and in all of those with 2 to 3 hours of
      occlusion, and this rise preceded the rise in venous levels by only 10 to 20
      minutes. Significant Q waves appeared 15 to 30 minutes after release of occlusion
      as the serum enzymes were increasing. Thus, clinically, the delayed appearance of
      increased serum enzymes and significant electrocardiographic Q waves is probably
      largely due to a lack of circulation in the infarcted area rather than to
      prolonged survival time. Also, the venous enzyme level reflects the coronary
      sinus level minutes later. The presence of viable myocardium in the infarcted
      area was suggested by elevation of the S-T segment upon reclamping, and by
      residual myocardial contractility and retained capacity for reactive hyperemia.
      These findings occurred in some experiments even in the presence of a significant
      Q wave.

PMID- 1080352
TI  - Alterations in energy metabolism and ultrastructure upon reperfusion of the
      ischemic myocardium after coronary occlusion.
AB  - The effects on myocardial function, metabolism and ultrastructure of 60 minutes
      of reperfusion, instituted after 30, 60 and 90 minutes of occlusion of the left
      anterior descending coronary artery, were studied in 48 dogs. Twelve sham
      operated dogs served as controls. Coronary occlusion for 60 or 90 minutes caused
      significant depression in the first derivative of left ventricular pressure
      (dP/dt) (P less than 0.05) that could not be reversed by reperfusion. Upon
      reperfusion, creatine phosphate stores in myocardium made ischemic for 30 and 60
      minutes, but not for 90 minutes, returned toward control levels, but stores of
      adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and total nucleotides and the ATP/adenosine
      diphosphate ratio of myocardium subjected to 60 and 90 minutes of ischemia were
      further decreased. After 60 and 90 minutes of ischemia, swelling of the
      sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial damage (swelling, decreased matrix
      density and partial loss of cristae) were seen. Myofibrils were relaxed in all
      these groups. Reperfusion produced gross contraction of myofibrils and aggravated
      these changes in mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum. In the hearts subjected
      to 90 minutes of ischemia these changes were gross. The levels of creatine
      phosphokinase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase in the
      coronary sinus blood increased dramatically (P less than 0.05) upon reperfusion
      after 60 or 90 minutes of occlusion, indicating severe impairment of cell
      membranes. This secondary rise in serum enzyme activity during reperfusion should
      be taken into consideration when estimating the size of a myocardial infarct from
      enzyme changes alone. It appears that 60 and 90 minutes of ischemia cause severe
      myocardial damage that is not reversed by reperfusion maintained for 1 hour
      although longer periods of reperfusion may be beneficial.

PMID- 1080353
TI  - The bleeding time as a test of hemostatic function.
AB  - The vascular component of hemostatis is determined by the bleeding time as
      designed by Duke or by the Ivy modification, which is a combined bleeding time
      tourniquet test. A prolonged bleeding time is observed: (1) in thrombopathic
      thrombocytopenia, which may be (a) hereditary or (b) acquired, as in the immune
      types or from depression of bone marrow, and (2) athrombocytopenically, as in von
      Willebrand's disease, Glanzmann's thrombasthenia, or from aspirin intolerance.
      The role of a specific bleeding time determinant in the plasma (labile bleeding
      time factor of Perkins) is discussed and its possible relation to platelets
      suggested.

PMID- 1080354
TI  - Infectious arthritis in the neonate caused by Haemophilus influenzae.
AB  - Two newborns had hematogenous pyarthrosis due to Haemophilus influenzae. One
      infant had signs of sepsis and dactylitis involving several fingers and toes. She
      also developed a soft tissue abscess, meningitis, and a septic hip, and was found
      to be infected with a nontypable organism. In the second infant, a shoulder
      traumatized at birth became infected with a type b strain. In both cases, the
      patients were successfully treated, but delays occurred in selecting the optimal
      therapeutic agent because of failure to appreciate that Haemophilus may cause
      systemic infection in the newborn. In the first infant the source of the
      infection was identified as the mother's endocervical canal. This patient is also
      of interest because in contrast to previous reports of Haemophilus infection in
      the newborn, bactericidal activity was present in the maternal serum.

PMID- 1080356
TI  - Letter: the management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1080355
TI  - Prothrombin complex concentrate: use in controlling the hemorrhagic diathesis of
      chronic liver disease.
AB  - A prothrombin complex concentrate was used in attempts to control life
      threatening hemorrhage in 4 patients with chronic liver disease. The population
      manifested profuse bleeding from varices and/or hemorrhagic gastritis; 3 had
      Laennec's cirrhosis and 1 had postnecrotic cirrhosis from childhood hepatitis. In
      all patients the complex was given in amounts needed to raise the prothrombin
      (factor II) level to approximately 100% of normal. In all 4 cases the prothrombin
      time and prothrombin complex factors approached normal within 1-2 hr after
      beginning the infusion. In all patients bleeding ceased with correction of the
      clotting status. One patient rebled several hours after completing the infusion.
      In several patients, increases in factors V and VIII were noted following
      infusion of the concentrate. A further unexpected finding was a spontaneous
      increase in factors II and IX at 3 days postinfusion. Prothrombin complex
      concentrate appears to be useful in controlling the hemorrhage of chronic liver
      disease when used alone or in combination with other modalities to correct
      specific hemostatic defects; however, patients may be expected to rebleed when
      the effect of the concentrate wears off. Its use, therefore, should probably be
      restricted to those patients who are to undergo corrective surgery of the
      bleeding point once hemostasis is achieved.

PMID- 1080357
TI  - The effect of menopause on serum cholesterol in American (Pima) Indian women.
AB  - Serum cholesterol levels in Pima Indian women were investigated to determine if
      menopause caused these levels to rise. The mean cholesterol values of 148 pre
      menopausal women aged 34-54 when age-matched with 75 post-menopausal women were
      not significantly different. Sixty-five women passed through menopause while
      under observation and were examined sequentially for an average of 6.1 years.
      Their mean pre- and post-menopausal cholesterol levels of 182 +/- 5 mg/100 ml and
      180 +/- 5 mg/100 ml were similar. Nor did menopause alter cholesterol levels in
      the subgroups of these patients with diabetes mellitus. Cholesterol levels in
      both Pima males and females showed no age-related rise, and were 20-30% lower
      than white populations. This study provides additional evidence against the
      postulated relationship between menopause and serum cholesterol.

PMID- 1080358
TI  - Topical treatment of the burn patient.
AB  - The pathophysiology, classification and bacteriology of burns are discussed, as
      well as treatment of burns with silver nitrate, silver sulfadizine, silver
      allantoinate, mafenide acetate, furazolium chloride, povidone-iodine complex,
      antibiotics, antiproteolytics, fibrinolytics, Pseudomonas vaccine and
      antiglobulins.

PMID- 1080359
TI  - Inhibitors of leukocyte chemotaxis in alcoholic liver disease.
AB  - Twenty-one of 42 patients (50 per cent) with alcoholic liver disease showed serum
      chemotactic inhibitory activity (CIA). CIA was not related to any single
      biochemical or histologic feature in the patients studied. The frequency of CIA
      was greatest in those with active infection. Serial studies demonstrated that CIA
      may be a transient phenomenon, associated with active alcoholic liver disease or
      appearance of infection. Nine of 15 patients showed skin test anergy; CIA was
      present in 8 of these 9 patients. Serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and G (IgG)
      concentrations were significantly higher in patients with CIA when compared to
      those without CIA. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation of serums showing CIA
      yielded three peaks of inhibitory activity. Two had sedimentation coefficients of
      10.7S and 6.8S, and the third was approximately 3S. The two higher molecular
      weight inhibitors were predominant in the 50 per cent ammonium sulfate
      precipitate. Immunoabsorption by anti-IgA but not by anti-IgG or IgM columns
      removed the ammonium sulfate precipitable chemotactic inhibitors. The appearance
      of chemotactic inhibitors in patients with alcoholic liver disease may have
      relevance to their apparent susceptibility to serious infections.

PMID- 1080360
TI  - Computer analysis of defined populations of lymphocytes irradiated in vitro. II.
      Analysis of thymus-dependent versus bone marrow-dependent cells.
AB  - Three uniform populations of T and B cells exposed to varying amounts of x
      irradiation are examined utilizing computer-assisted morphometric analysis. These
      populations are: thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL) from congenitally athymic (nude)
      mice (B cells); TDL from CBA mice treated with anti-Ig plus complement (T cells);
      and computer-selected untreated T cells from CBA TDL. Irradiated B cells show a
      more even dispersion of the nuclear chromatin and a dose-dependent increase in
      relative nuclear area beginning with the lowest dose evaluated (50 rads); no
      significan change in total optical density (OD) is demonstrable over the dose
      range evaluated (0 to 2000 rads). Anti-Ig-treated irradiated T cells demonstrate
      an initial shift toward lower OD values as a function of dose followed by a
      marked rise of OD values at 2000 rads, where numerous densely staining Feulgen
      positive aggregates are identified. The relative nuclear area of this cell
      population also shows a biphasic response to radiation injury with an initial
      increase at the lower dose levels followed by a progressive decline to
      approximate control levels at 2000 rads. This effect is mirrored by the
      alteration in total OD which, after a decrease at low dose levels, approximates
      control values at 2000 rads. The computer-selected T cells show little change in
      OD values at the low-dose levels but show a marked increase in the more densely
      staining Feulgen-positive material following 2000 rads. This population reveals
      no apparent change in either relative nuclear area or total OD as a function of
      dose. Thus, untreated computer-selected T cells exhibit remarkably little
      evidence, morphologically, of radiation injury of doses associated with
      pronounced alterations on the part of B cells. In addition, treatment of a mixed
      cell population (CBA TDL) with anti-Ig plus complement to remove the B cells
      appears to alter the response of the residual T cells to radiation injury. These
      results, in conjunction with recent evidence to support the concept that T cells
      possess surface Ig, suggest that an Ig-anti-Ig interaction may alter the
      radiosensitivity of T cells.

PMID- 1080361
TI  - The development of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies in rhesus monkeys repeatedly
      exposed to Schistosoma japonicum.
AB  - The development of anti-immunoglobulin (Ig) antibodies in rhesus monkeys
      repeatedly exposed to Schistosoma japonicum cercariae was studied. Anti-Ig
      developed in all 8 monkeys exposed 5 times to cercariae of the Formosan strain,
      while none of 4 monkeys exposed once to the Philippine strain developed such
      antibodies in the same period. All monkeys developing anti-Ig had specificities
      for IgA, 6 of 8 for IgM and IgG, and 7 of 8 for rabbit Ig. The persistence of
      anti-Ig was greatly extended in the monkeys exposed initially to the Formosan
      strain and then challenged with the Philippine strain. A single monkey exposed
      once to  the Philippine strain developed anti-IgA and anti-rabbit Ig 85 weeks
      postinfection. No relationship between host reaction to trapped eggs and the
      development of anti-Ig was discerned. The results suggest that immunization
      protocols designed for humans be carefully examined for their potential
      immunopathological side effects.

PMID- 1080362
TI  - Role of splenectomy in Felty's syndrome.
AB  - To evaluate the effectiveness of splenectomy in the treatment of Felty's syndrome
      (association of rheumatoid arthritis, leukopenia, and splenomegaly), such
      experience from 1968 to 1972 at the University of Alabama Medical Center in
      Birmingham was analyzed. There were five patients with Felty's syndrome who
      underwent splenectomy. In all five patients, there was no operative morbidity, no
      blood transfusions were required, and leukopenia and susceptibility to infection
      were greatly improved; neutropenia disappeared in all but one patient.
      Splenectomy appears to benefit most patients with Felty's syndrome.

PMID- 1080363
TI  - Technic of chronic thoracic duct "side fistula" for immunologic evaluation of
      patients with cancer.
AB  - A technic suitable for long-term study of the human thoracic duct circulation
      under physiological conditions is described. The results and observations
      obtained in ten patients studied for three to twenty-one days are presented.

PMID- 1080364
TI  - Unusual manifestations of pancreatic pseudocysts and their surgical management.
AB  - Six cases representing selected complications of pancreatic pseudocyst are
      reported and their surgical management is discussed. Patients with mediastinal
      extension of a pseudocyst frequently present with symptoms in the chest rather
      than in the abdomen. Chronic recurrent pleural effusion, rich in protein and
      amylase, often accompanies mediastinal extension of a pancreatic pseudocyst. It
      is important to recognize that such an effusion almost certainly represents
      disruption of the pancreatic duct with formation of a pancreatic pseudocyst or a
      pancreaticopleural fistula. Internal drainage from below the diaphragm is the
      treatment of choice for pancreatic pseudocysts extending into the mediastinum. To
      be certain that obstructive jaundice is due to a pancreatic pseudocyst, there
      must be operative demonstration of compression of the common bile duct by the
      pseudocyst, relief of the obstruction by surgical drainage of the cyst, and
      subsequent disappearance of jaundice. Cysts that cause jaundice are located in
      the head of the pancreas, and cystoduodenostomy is the treatment of choice.
      Intraperitoneal rupture has been associated with a high mortality, but with
      adequate fluid replacement, prompt evacuation of the cyst contents from the
      peritoneal cavity, and adequate drainage, mortality can be lowered. Pancreatic
      ascites is much more common than is generally supposed and may result from a
      leaking pancreatic pseudocyst. In contrast to cirrhotic ascites, pancreatic
      ascites produces elevation of both the serum amylase level and protein
      concentration. Massive hemorrhage from pancreatic pseudocysts is usually due to
      the development of a false aneurysm in a branch of the celiac axis in the wall of
      the pseudocyst, with subsequent rupture of the aneurysm into the gut or
      peritoneal cavity. Any patient with a pancreatic pseudocyst who shows signs of
      bleeding should have prompt arteriography for determination of the bleeding site
      and appropriate surgical control. Pancreaticobronchial fistula is a rare
      complication. Treatment should be directed toward adequate drainage of the
      pseudocyst in the abdomen.

PMID- 1080365
TI  - Heparinless left heart bypass for resection of thoracic aortic aneurysms.
AB  - Our clinical experience employing heparinless left heart bypass for the resection
      of twenty-three thoracic aneurysms is presented. In our current technic of
      heparinless left heart bypass, plastic tubing coated with nonthrombogenic
      polyurethane-polyvinyl-graphite material and a conventional roller pump are
      employed. The reduced size of the aneurysm below the aortic clamp during bypass
      facilitates careful dissection of the aneurysm and the aorta. Twenty-two of
      twenty-three patients underwent successful thoracic aneurysmectomy with this
      technic. None had subsequent paraplegia and the postoperative blood loss was
      minimal. Heparinless left heart bypass is a simple and safe procedure to
      facilitate thoracic aneurysm resection.

PMID- 1080366
TI  - The influence of portal perfusion on the response to portacaval shunt.

PMID- 1080367
TI  - [The course of zonular fibers in the area of pars plicata corporis cilaris pars
      plana, ora serrata and retina. Eectron microsocpic study].
AB  - The course of zonular fibers in the area of pars plicata corporis ciliaris could
      be shown down to the pigmented epithelial layer and its basement membrane. S
      ingle fibrils enter in a connection with the plasma membrane in allinvestigated
      parts. Fibrils could  be observed in the cytoplasm of the ora serrata. For the
      other areas (pars plicata corporis ciliaris, parsplana) this can be suggested
      too.

PMID- 1080368
TI  - [Comparative investigations subjectivly and objectivly measured visual fields].

PMID- 1080369
TI  - The clinical picture of Eales' disease.
AB  - The clinical findings in 316 eyes with Eales' disease and 41 eyes true idiopathic
      periphlebitis were analyzed. Eales' disease differed clearly from idiopathic
      periphlebitis in a predominance of male patients, a marked tendency toward
      bilateral disease in males, the aspect of vascular sheathing and the absence of
      inflammatory signs from the vitreous body. The clinical picture of Eales' disease
      was characterized by avascular areas in the retinal periphery, followed
      posteriorly by microaneurysms, rope-ladder-like dilations of capillary channels,
      tortousity of neighbouring vessels and spontaneous choriortinal scars. The more
      pronounced finds were neovascularizations (84%) hemorrhages (58%), obliterated
      vessels (39%) and vascular sheathing (34%). In contrast to idiopathic
      periphlebitis, Eales' disease is considered a primary, non-inflammatory disorder
      of the walls of the peripheral retinal vessels, namely the shunt vessels.

PMID- 1080370
TI  - Ultrastructure of the microvessels of the iris in mammals with special reference
      to their permeability.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the microvessels of the guinea pig, rat, rabbit and cat was
      studied in an effort to discover the morphological basis of the permeability of
      the iris vessels. The microvessels of the iris revealed a non-fenestrated
      endothelium. A relatively wide intercellular space and macula occludens were seen
      at the intercellular junctions of the endothelial cells in the capillaries and
      postcapillary venules. It is concluded that these intercellular spaces may form
      the small pore system which makes the diffusion through the iris vessels
      possible. Transcapillary exchange of high molecular substances is made possible
      by the vesicular transport system of the micropinocytosis vesicles.

PMID- 1080371
TI  - [Fixation disparity in peripheral and central binocular vision under conditions
      of prismatic heterophoria (author's transl)].
AB  - A critical review of the literature shows that there are controversal
      interpretations of thephenomenon fixation disparity. The former findings of Ogle
      and coworkers are ascertained byinvertigator to close the central gap in the
      fusional patter. Formerly the gap was essentialdue to polarisation techiques. 1.
      Without central gap fixation disparity decreases, but remainssignificantly
      different from zero. 2. Diminution or closing of the gap leads to more
      preciseresults, since the position of the eyes is better controlled. 3. Straining
      the binocular vision with high prism power cortical tolerances increase when
      fusion was aided by central stimuli. Fixation disparity could be extended up to
      20' (minutes of are) which is three times the well accepted size of the Panum
      area.

PMID- 1080372
TI  - [Experimental Research on the O2 supply of the eye author's transl].
AB  - To investigate the O2 supply conditions of the corneal endothelium and the lens
      by the aqueous hymor, O2 solubility coefficients of aqueous humor as well as in
      the lens had to be determined. The current assumption that the vitreous body is a
      possible O2 pool had to be examined. The following conclusions are drawn from the
      measured values of Bunsel O2 solubility coefficients (ml O2ml atm) of bovine
      aqueous humor, lens homogenates, vitreous bodys as well as of solutions of
      hyaluronic acid at temperatures from 10 to 40 degrees C: 1. The physiological
      rate of oxygen transport by the aqueous suffices to supply the corneal
      endothelium and the lens with oxygen, the temperature gradients within the
      anterior chamber favour the O2 supply of the corneal endothelium compared to
      other ocular tissues. 2. The O2 content of the aqueous can maintain O2
      consumption of corneal endothelium for about 20 min theoretically or for about 5
      min the lens ones. 3. The vitreous body can act as a possibel O2 pool only with
      regard to the O2 supply of the lens. In this case the pool can maintain O2
      consumption of the shole lens for about 20 min. 4. During physiological growth of
      the lens the central part expands, which is characterized by an O2 concentration
      near zero. Therefore, the O2 supply of the lens is maintained for only less than
      one minute by the content of the lens itself.

PMID- 1080373
TI  - Optically induced eye torsion. I. Fusion cyclovergence.
AB  - Fusional cyclovergence was demonstrated for the first time, using ab objective
      photographic method. It was discovered that the results of subjective and
      objective measurements of cyclovergence agreed exactly. The largest fusional
      cyclovergence observed was 8 degrees. The cyclovergence partly cancels out the
      cyclodisparity presented. The greater part of the cyclodisparity usually remains.
      The maximum aplitude of the sensory cyclofusion is of the order of 8 degrees. The
      cyclovergence response is greatest when large fusion images with numerous
      horizontal contours are presented. The motor mechanism of cyclofusion presupposes
      the existence of recently demonstrated cyclodisparity detectors. The amplitude of
      sensory fusion is determined by the vertical diameter of the peripheral Panum
      areas.

PMID- 1080374
TI  - Coat's disease. An epidemiologic and Fluorescein angiographic study.
AB  - Coats' disease represents a disorder of the retinal vascular walls. In a series
      of 112 consecutive eyes with Coats' disease the involvement was unilateral in
      90.2%. The majority (72%) of patients were male. 57.8% were under 20 years of
      age. There was, however, a second peak of the disease (30.4%) between the age of
      41 and 60. Severe cases were found mainly among juvenile patients, whereas in the
      senile group milder cases prevailed. Fluorescein angiographic findings comprised
      vascular aneurysms in almost all cases, rarefaction and coarsening of the
      capillary bed in 71%, capillary occlusions in 70%, occlusions of arterioles or
      arteries in 27%, shunt formations in 27%, extensive widening of arteries or veins
      in 27% and leakage of dye mainly in advanced cases. The participation of the
      central retina in the disease process was variable. Evidence is presented that
      Leber's military aneurysm retinitis is not a separate entity but a special form
      of Coats' disease.

PMID- 1080375
TI  - [The effect of human leukocyte interteron (HIF) on experimental viral keratitis
      in monkeys (author's transl)].
AB  - 12 african green monkeys were inoculated in both eyes with herpes simplex virus
      typ 1 and 16 rhesus monkeys with vaccinia virus. The right eyes were treated with
      human leukocyte interferon (HIF) while the left eyes served as controls and
      showed the typical keratitis, 7 out of 8 herpes eyes and all 9 vaccinia eyes
      which were treated prophylactically or simultaneiously with HIF showed no signs
      of disease. When HIF was given later in the course of the infection the keratitis
      was either little influenced or not modified at all. The reasons are discussed.

PMID- 1080376
TI  - [On scanning electron microscpy to the anterior part of the eye with special
      regard to the coruse of zonula Zinnii (author's transl)].
AB  - Three areas in which zonular fibers of Zinn enter were demonstrated with the aid
      of scanning electron microscopy. 1. The area, which applied to the edge of the
      lens. 2. The area of Pars plicata corporis ciliaris. 3. The area of Pars plana.
      The connection of zonuar fibers with limited membran of vitreous body was
      presented too.

PMID- 1080377
TI  - [Electronmicroscopic investigation about the course of zonular fiber in the area
      of ora serrata and the peripheral retina (author's transl)].
AB  - Single zonular fibers could be shown in the area of ora serrata and the
      peripheral parts of retina between the basement membrane of pigmented epithelium
      and the elastic tissue of Bruchsmembran. The occurrence of fibroblasts in the
      proximity of zonular fibers was noticeable.

PMID- 1080378
TI  - Some observations on infective shock.

PMID- 1080379
TI  - Alpha-antitrypsin Pi types in postmortem blood.
AB  - It is possible to determine alpha1-antitrypsin Pi types from serum obtained at
      necropsy.  The Pi types were identical in 37 paired antemortem and postmortem
      samples.  Blood transfusion in the 72 hours preceeding death may produce serum
      that cannot be typed.  The frequency of the Pis allele was high in this study
      (0.074) and may reflect terminal alterations in alpha1-antitrypsin mobility and
      thus Pi typing, or a higher frequency in the population studied.  The Pis allele
      was particularly frequent among Canadians with French names and Canadians born in
      Italy, Greece, and Portugal.  The prevalence and severity of emphysema were not
      increased in PiA and Pis heterozygotes, but the groups studied were small and the
      variable, smoking, could not be adequately controlled.  Studies of larger groups
      are recommended.

PMID- 1080380
TI  - Temporal bone histopathological findings in trisomy 13 syndrome.
AB  - This study reports the histopathological findings of 14 temporal bones from
      infants with trisomy 13 syndrome. The most primitive anomalies in the structures
      of the inner and middle ears in the present series are those of the semicircular
      canals, particularly of the horizontal canals: flattened horizontal canal
      cristae, absence or opening of the utricular endolymphatic valve, small facial
      nerve, and obtuse angle of the geniculate area of the facial nerve. Each ear
      demonstrated more than one of those anomalies. The anomalies present features
      similar to those found in the structures of the normal six to ten-week fetus.
      Many other mild anomalies observed appear to demonstrate features similar to
      those seen in the same structures in later fetal life. Reviewing these findings,
      most of the anomalies that were found in the inner and middle ears appear to be
      the result of poor development of the structures for reasons which are now
      unclear. In addition, middle ear infection was found in all cases.

PMID- 1080381
TI  - Paget's disease of the temporal bone.
AB  - Osteitis deformans Paget is a fairly common, heritable, sometimes progressive
      disease of bone which affects primarily the axial skeleton and may lead to
      deformity and weakness. It affects 3% of the population over forty years of age
      and males more frequently than females. The skull and temporal bones become
      involved in about two-thirds of the patients. Progressive involvement of the
      temporal bones may lead to alteration of position, increase in size and change of
      architecture of the petrous pyramid, external canal, middle ear and inner ear
      capsule. These changes in turn may produce impairment of hearing (about 30-50% of
      cases) and vestibular function (20-25%). The clinical, radiological, and
      pathological manifestations of Paget's disease of the temporal bone are discussed
      in detail and explained with photomicrographs. Examples of tumor formations and
      vascular changes are presented.

PMID- 1080382
TI  - Effect of indomethacin and phenylbutazone-prednisone combination of gastric
      mucosa: gastroscopic and histological study.
AB  - The effect of a phenylbutazone-prednisone combination and indomethacin on the
      anatomical state of the gastric mucosa were studied by gastroscopy,
      gastrophotography, and gastrobiopsy. All four patients examined had redness of
      the antral mucosa after administration of either drug. Intramucosal gastric
      haemorrhage was present in two patients after both phenylbutazone-prednisone
      combination and indomethacin. Mucosal erosions occurred in three cases after the
      phenylbutazone-prednisone combination, one of them slight, and in two cases after
      indomethacin. On histological examination, increased intramucosal haemorrhage
      could be seen in the specimens from all four patients after indomethacin, and in
      the specimens from three patients after the phenylbutazone-prednisone
      combination. There was considerable mucosal vasodilatation in one patient on the
      phenylbutazone-prednisone combination and in two patients on indomethacin. The
      effects of both drugs on the gastric mucosa were similar. None of the subjects
      suffered from abdominal symptoms during the drug administration.

PMID- 1080383
TI  - Some characteristics of Anaerovibrio lipolytica a rumen lipolytic organism.
AB  - Strains of Anaerovibrio lipolytica isolated from sheep- and cow-rumen contents on
      a linseed oil -- rumen fluid -- agar medium fermented ribose, glycerol and DL
      lactate. Fermentation products from glycerol were propionate and succinate, while
      ribose, fructose and DL-lactate were fermented mainly to acetate, propionate and
      carbon dioxide. Propionate is formed in this organism by the dicarboxylic acid
      pathway similarly as in propionibacteria. Measurements of the rate of lipolysis
      by pure cultures suggest that the organism may play an important role in the
      lipolytic activity of rumen contents of sheep. The demonstrated fact that the
      cell-free lipase excreted in the culture medium can easily be adsorbed on
      particulate matter in autoclaved rumen fluid may explain the absence of free
      lipase in clarified rumen liquor.

PMID- 1080384
TI  - Isolation and characterization of some new oxalate-decomposing bacteria.
AB  - Forty-one cultures degrading and assimilating oxalate were isolated from chicken
      dung. Characterizarion indicated six different types. One of these belonged to
      thhe genus Alcaligenes hitherto never reported to degrade oxalte. Three groups of
      Pseudomonas strains differed physiologically from strains already known.

PMID- 1080385
TI  - Hansenula lynferdii sp.nov.
AB  - A single strain of an undescribed Hansenula species was recovered from soil. A
      description of the new species is given and its possible relationship to the
      other species of the genus is discussed.

PMID- 1080386
TI  - Ultrastructural aspects of wall regeneration by Pythium protoplasts.
AB  - Electron microscope studies were made of wall regeneration by Pythium
      protoplasts. Wall regeneration began with the formation of a loose network of
      fibrils on the surface of the protoplast followed by increase in density of the
      fibrillar mesh and deposition of granular mitrix material. The majority of the
      protoplasts did not develop beyond the loose fibrillar network stage, however a
      small percentage were able to complete wall formation and to form hyphal tubes. A
      clear zone of demarcation was  visible between the fibrillar surface of the
      protoplast and the smooth surface at the base of the developing hyphal tube.

PMID- 1080387
TI  - Polysaccharide production and the possible occurrence of GDP-D-mannose
      dehydrogenase in Azotobacter vinelandii.
AB  - During the growth of Azotobacter vinelandii in batch culture in Burk's 2% glucose
      medium supplemented with 50 mg EDTA per litre, water-insoluble capsular
      polysaccaride material accumulated in cultures prior to the appearance of water
      soluble polysaccharide in the culture medium. On isolation, hydrolysis and
      chromatography, both these polysaccharides were observed to be composed of
      carbohydrate monomers having the same chromatographic mobilities as glucose,
      rhamnos, guluronic acid and mannuronic acid. The activity of GDP-D-mannose
      dehydrogenase recorded in crude cell-free extracts from Azotobacter vinelandii,
      when these polysaccharides were produced, may indicate a close similarity between
      the biosynthetic pathway of alginate synthesis in marine Phaeophyceae and this
      soil microorganism.

PMID- 1080388
TI  - Scanning isoelectric focusing of cholera enterotoxin in polyacrylamide gels.
AB  - Scanning isoelectric focusing has been employed for continuous monitoring of the
      isoelectric spectrum of highly purified cholera enterotoxin in 4% polyacrylamide
      gels containing 2% ampholytes pH 3-10. The resolution obtained by this technique
      is of high order because at no instance during focusing interruption of current
      occurs and thus diffusion of the isolated protein moieties is suppressed. An
      added aspect of scanning isoelectric focusing was that it allowed estimation of
      the minimal focusing time of cholera enterotoxin. Thus under the standard assay
      procedure, the main basic component of cholera enterotoxin was focused in 5800
      sec, while the other at least 3 minor acidic and anodic components were focused
      in approximately 19000 sec. Focusing of cholera enterotoxin in the presence of 6
      mu urea allowed the visualization of 5 well defined and about equal components.
      The proteinaceous nature of the observed peaks was verified by scanning at
      wavelenghts other than 280 nm, staining of gels for protein, and varying the
      concentration of the enterotoxin. The design of scanning isoelectric focusing
      equipment is presented. Reproducibility, economy of sample, and ampholytes and
      simplicity of experimental technique were some of the features of this apparatus.
      The resolution of scanning isoelectric focusing was found to be superior to that
      of ordinary disc and SDS gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 1080389
TI  - DNA base composition of species of the genus Saccharomyces.
AB  - DNA base compositions (GC content) of Saccharomyces species are reported and
      discussed. Several amendments of the four groups given by van der Walt are
      suggested, viz. the transfer of S. kluyveri to group 1, and of S. eupagycus, S.
      cidri, S. montanus, S. microellipsodes and S. florentinus to group 2. The
      synonomy of S. amurcae and S. cidri is suggested. The DNA base compositions
      revealed two possible pairs of sibling species: S. elegans and S. bailii, with a
      difference in GC content of 4.1%; S. dairensis and S. servazzii with a difference
      in GC content of ca. 3%. S. mrakii had a GC content of 47.3-48.5% the highest
      encountered in this genus and similar to that of Kluyveromyces thermotolerans.

PMID- 1080390
TI  - Bacteriocin typing of Pseudomonas putrefaciens from food, human clinical
      specimens, and other sources.
AB  - With the use of 4 bacteriocin donor strains of Pseudomonas putrefaciens most low
      G+C strins were readily distinguished from high G+C strains. Two bacteriocin
      donor strains exhibited autoinhibition when subjected to bacteriocin typing.

PMID- 1080391
TI  - Substrate inhibition in Pseudomonas oxalaticus OX1:  a kinetic study of growth
      inhibition by oxalate and formate using extended cultures.
AB  - Pseudomonas oxalaticus OX1 has been grown in a mineral salts medium with oxalate
      or formate as the sole source of carbon and energy. At concentrations of these
      substrates above 50 mM inhibition of growth was indicated by a long and variable
      lag phase in batch culture. This inhibition was further studied by estimating
      maximum specific growth rates at different substrate concentrations using the
      extended culture technique for control of the substrate concentration. With
      formate, inhibition became apparent at substrate concentrations above 20 mM,
      whereas oxalate inhibited growth at concentrations above 15 mM. Complete
      inhibition was not observed even at concentrations of 100 mM. A number of
      inhibition functions were fitted with the experimental data using computer
      analysis. The results indicated that the Haldane equation was the simplest
      function to describe quantitatively the kinetics of the observed substrate
      inhibition. Studies on the rate of oxygen uptake at different concentrations of
      oxalate indicated that respiration was much more sensitive to inhibition than
      growth. However with formate, inhibition of respiration was not observed up to
      concentrations of 50 mM, indicating that different mechanisms may underlie the
      observed growth inhibition by the two substrates.

PMID- 1080393
TI  - Pichia philogaea sp. nov.
AB  - Two strains of an undescribed Pichia species were recovered from soil. A
      description of the new species is given and its possible relationship with the
      other species of the genus is discussed.

PMID- 1080392
TI  - L-Phase variants of Agromyces ramosus.
AB  - Agromyces ramosus, which is a numerically prevalent bacterium in soil, was easily
      induced into the L-phase by growing it on agar media containing low levels of
      penicillin or glycine. The L-forms were stable after initial contact with the
      inducing agent and could not be reverted to the bacterial form by any of the
      procedures tried. These results are discussed in relation to a possible natural
      occurrence of L-forms of this bacterium in soil.

PMID- 1080394
TI  - Two undescribed hyphomycetes from Malaysia.
AB  - Raffaelea variabilis is described as a new species in culture from Lannea
      grandis. It is distinguished by turbinate to cuneiform conidia measuring 4-16
      times 2.5-7.5 mum, and compared and contrasted with established species.
      Trichocladium lobatum is described as a new species in culture with 1-2 euseptate
      spherical conidia, 19-22 mum diam., ornamented with flabelliform, spathulate or
      petaloid lobes 7 mum long. It is compared and contrasted with established
      Trichocladium species and representatives of Chlamydomyces, Histoplasma,
      Mycogone, Sepedonium and Thermomyces.

PMID- 1080395
TI  - Lipomyces anomalus sp. nov.
AB  - A description of a new yeast species from soil - Lipomyces anomalus - is given.
      It differs from all the accepted Lipomyces spp. by the formation of abundant
      pseudomycelium, absence of capsules, the assimilation properties, and its
      habitat: the north taiga subzone.

PMID- 1080396
TI  - Two new species of the genus Sterigmatomyces.
AB  - The descriptions of two new species of the genus Sterigmatomyces, St. nectairii
      and St. penicillatus are given. The diagnosis of the genus is extended to starch
      production, positive or absent. An earlier described species, St. acheniorum
      Buhagiar et Barnett, is transferred to the genus Rhodotorula.

PMID- 1080397
TI  - Three new asporogenous yeasts found in industrial waste water.
AB  - Representatives of three new asporogenous species, Candida flavificans, Candida
      inositophila, and Torulopsis sorbophila were isolated from washings of ion
      exchange resin in a guanosine monophosphate manufacturing plant. The DNA base
      composition, proton-magnetic-resonance spectrum of extracted polysaccharides, and
      serological characteristics of the yeasts were investigated in addition to the
      characteristics commonly employed. Descriptions of the new species are given.

PMID- 1080398
TI  - Proceedings: Netherlands Society for Microbiology meeting of the medical section
      at Bilthoven on 10 October 1974. Virulence of staphylococci in neonatal mice.

PMID- 1080399
TI  - Proceedings: Restrictionless mutants of Staphylococcus aureus.

PMID- 1080400
TI  - Proceedings:  The faecal flora of patients with Crohn's disease.

PMID- 1080401
TI  - Proceedings:  Cell-mediated defence against virus infections in mice.

PMID- 1080402
TI  - Smoking and disease: effect on serum antitrypsin in hospitalized patients.
AB  - The mean serum antitrypsin (AT) activity for 1,829 patients hospitalized with
      medical problems exceeded the mean for a group of blood bank donors by 51%.
      Analysis of data from individual patients in terms of the general category (there
      were 16) of their disease and smoking status (smoker, nonsmoker, former smoker)
      indicated significant differences due to disease status and smoking status. The
      highest mean AT levels were associated with infectious, respiratory, and
      neoplastic diseases. Smokers had significantly higher mean levels than
      nonsmokers, and lung cancer patients had significantly higher mean levels than
      those with other malignant neoplasms. Among smokers (as a group) mean AT levels.
      through elevated relative to nonsmokers were not significantly related to
      duration or intensity of smoking; but former smokers showed a decline (with time
      following cessation of smoking) in their mean AT level to the mean level for
      nonsmokers. These findings provide further evidence of the sensitivity of serum
      antitrypsin activity to environmental influences.

PMID- 1080403
TI  - Proteinase inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The concentrations of five normally occurring protease inhibitors in serum and
      synovial fluid were compared in patients with rheumatoid arthritis,
      osteoarthrosis, and normal controls. The patients with rheumatoid arthritis
      showed a significant rise in alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha1-antichymotrypsin, and
      inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (in decreasing order) in serum as well as in
      synovial fluid. In synovial fluid the inhibitors were present in their native
      form and bound to hyaluronate. A large molecular protein with immunological
      specificity of alpha1-antitrypsin, presumably a complex of alpha1-antitrypsin and
      a protease, could be shown in synovial fluid of all patients with classical and
      probable rheumatoid arthritis and not in that of the other subjects
      studied.23Author

PMID- 1080404
TI  - Cross-sectional studies on Schistosoma mansoni infection in northeast Brazil.
AB  - Studies on the prevalence and morbidity of Schistosoma mansoni infection were
      carried out in selected areas of northeastern Brazil. The study revealed that
      both prevalence and morbidity rates were significantly higher in rural than in
      urban areas. No statistically significant differences in prevalence and morbidity
      were found in relation to sex. The age-specific prevalence curve was found to be
      of the usual shape found in highly endemic areas of the country: it reaches its
      peak in the 10-14 group, and slightly decreases in the older groups. Although it
      is generally admitted that hepatosplenic forms of the disease occur more
      frequently between 10 and 40 years of age, the present study has shown that the
      proportion of these severe cases increases with increase of age.

PMID- 1080405
TI  - Cell kinetics in leukemia. Correlation with clinical features and response to
      chemotherapy.

PMID- 1080406
TI  - Protracted vitamin D intoxication.

PMID- 1080407
TI  - Mesencephalic porjections of the rectus lateralis muscle afferents in the cat.
AB  - Responses to passive stretch applied to the rectus lateralis muscle (RL) were
      recorded with a microelectrode from the mesencephalic nucleus of the fifth nerve
      (Mes V) in cat encephale isole preparation. The necessary conditions to attribute
      the unit response to an eye muscle stretch are the followings: i) respond neither
      to jaw movements nor to pressure applied to the eye ball: ii) be activated with a
      short latency, following stretch of the eye muscles; iii) be excited by a light
      touch applied to a small area of one eye with a glass rod. The characteristics of
      the Mes V responses following stretch of the eye muscle are similar to those
      obtained in a primary afferent fibre from a skeletal muscle. Horseradish
      peroxidase was injected in the RL muscle of young and adult cats. As a
      consequence of fast retrograde axonal transport, the tracer was found to
      accumulate in the corresponding motoneurones of the VI nucleus. In addition, the
      enzymes accumulation was also found in cells of Mes V corresponding to the somata
      of RL sensory terminals. Units responding to RL stretchs, and primary sensory
      neurons labelled by the tracer, were found in the same area of Mes V.

PMID- 1080408
TI  - The problem-oriented record. Problem definition.
AB  - A problem is defined when the clinician judges a dysfunction is apparent or
      highly probable for the patient in one or more of three areas: physiological,
      psychological, or social functioning. In defining specific problems, data
      assessments are often confounded with the data themselves. To "lump" or "split"
      problems in psychiatry should be by theoretical and practical considerations.
      Problem indicators should be "split" when the clinician believes they are not
      different indicators of the same problem or treatments for the problem indicators
      will be different. They can be "lumped" when the clinician believes they are
      different indicators of the same problem, or when the treatment will be the same.
      Criteria supporting the belief of a single problem construct are met when
      indicators co-vary, are functionally equivalent, or respond similarly to the same
      treatment variable.

PMID- 1080409
TI  - [Recent views on the functional histological classification of malignant
      lymphomas].
AB  - The recent immunological classification of malignant lymphoma (ML) proposed by
      Lukes and Collins is examined. It is based on morphological changes linked to the
      dynamics of the reactive or secondary follicular clear centres. B-cells
      (follicular centre) are small or large and may cleft or not; they may proceed to
      macrophage or plasma cell types. T cells (around the follicles) are small and
      round, and have a convolute nucleus. ML types are distinguished by the
      predominance of one cell element, or by a mixture of cells from the maturative
      line of the follicular centre, i.e. T-cell (or convolute) lymphomas and B-cell
      (or follicular centre) lymphomas. Stem cells have none of these features. The
      classification was applied in a series of 32 non-Hodgkin and 24 Hodgkin ML's. Of
      the former, 23 were classed as B-cell types: 8 small and 5 large cleft cells; 7
      small and 3 large non-cleft cells. The remainder were: 2 B-cell immunoblastic
      sarcomas, 3 histiocyte ML, 2 small lymphocyte ML, 1 ML with convolute
      lymphocytes, and 1 case with indeterminate cells ("stem cell lymphoma"). The 24
      Hodgkin cases were classified in accordance with Rye's pattern (based on the work
      of Lukes et al.). It was noted that the numerical prevalence of convolute cells
      gradually fell, passing from lymphocyte dominance to lymphocyte depletion. At the
      same time, there was an increase in follicular centre cells and a diminution of
      plasma cell tending lymphocytes. The problems raised by this new immunological
      and morphogical classification of ML are discussed.

PMID- 1080410
TI  - Current surgical management of left ventricular aneurysm.
AB  - One hundred thirty-two patients with ventricular aneurysm had cardiac
      catheterization, coronary anglography, and ventriculography. More than 50 percent
      of the patients, in addition to aneurysmectomy, had other procedures consisting
      of revascularization, mitral valve replacement, and closure of ventricular septal
      performation. The overall mortality was 10 percent. Aneurysmectomy alone had a
      higher mortality (9 percent) when compared with combined resection of the
      aneurysm and coronary bypass (5.4 percent). During a six-month to 4-1/2-year
      follow-up (mean, 21 months), seven patients died, representing a late mortality
      of 6 percent. This study confirms the importance of complete cardiac evaluation
      in patients with ventricular aneurysm and shows that, in spite of extensive
      combined operative procedures required in more than 50 percent of the patients,
      the results are favorable.

PMID- 1080411
TI  - Electrocoagulation of bleeding in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract: a
      preliminary experimental clinical report.
AB  - Electrocoagulation of gastric or esophageal bleeding sites was evaluated in dogs
      using a flexible suction coagulator electrode passed through the endoscope using
      an electrocautery unit (Cameron-Miller model 80-7910). Acute and chronic
      coagulation studies in 25 dogs showed that electrocoagulation of both the
      esophageal and gastric mucosa was safe at an electrocautery unit setting of 5 for
      three to five seconds. This level of coagulation was successful in stopping
      bleeding created from actively bleeding esophageal and gastric mucosal defects by
      taking multiple large biopsy specimens. Based on these data, six patients with
      active bleeding gastric lesions have undergone mucosal coagulation. This
      successfully stopped the bleeding initially in all six patients; two patients
      rebled and required operative intervention within 48 hours. Further clinical
      evaluation is being implemented to determine its clinical role in the treatment
      of bleeding in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1080412
TI  - General surgery problems in patients with spinal cord injuries.
AB  - Twenty-four patients with spinal cord injuries were studied to correlate their
      responses to intra-abdominal disease with the level and completeness of the cord
      lesion. Patients with complete cervical lesions and lesions of the upper part of
      the thoracic region (C-4 to T-6) usually responded by early noniocalized
      abdominal pain associated with signs of autonomic dysreflexia. As the disease
      progressed to involve the parietal peritoneum, these patients were more capable
      of localizing pain to the corresponding dermatome, whereas patients with
      incomplete lesions were able to localize their pain earlier. Patients with lumbar
      lesions and lesions of the lower part of the thoracic region (T-7 to L-3) were
      able to localize their pain earlier than those with lesions located higher in the
      thoracic region. All patients had delayed diagnoses except those with hemorrhage
      of the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. Irrespective of level of cord
      lesion, increased pulse rate was themost prominent objective acute intra
      abdominal pathologic finding. Shoulder pain in the quadriplegic is a most helpful
      sign.

PMID- 1080413
TI  - Diagnostic sonography in general surgery.
AB  - Eighty-seven patients who had sonographic examinations at the Orange County
      Medical Center were studied retrospectively to evaluate the usefulness and
      reliability of this noninvasive technique, and sonographic results were compared
      with findings at operation or findings made using other diagnostic methods. With
      a variety of lesions, the overall accuracy of diagnosis by sonography was 85%. In
      the remaining 15% of studies, false-positive or false-negative results were
      observed. The accuracy varied with the organ involved, the greatest being renal
      and hepatic masses. Ultrasound, when used in addition to careful surgical
      assessment of the patient, was found to be most useful in the diagnosis and
      follow-up of abdominal problems in surgical patients.

PMID- 1080414
TI  - [Morphology of the synaptic apparatus of the motor neurons of the frog's spinal
      cord].
AB  - The method of light microscopy was used in order to study the synapses of motor
      neurons of the thoracic and lumbar parts of the spinal cord of intact frogs.
      Under study were the shape of the synapses, their size, as well as the
      quantitative distribution on the bodies and dendrites of neurons. It was
      established that the distribution density of active synaptic terminations on the
      motor neurons of the lumbar part was higher than the density of active synapses
      in the thoracic part, and the amount of synaptic terminations on dendrites was
      greater than on the neuron bodies; the snyaptic terminations of different shape
      were different in size; the occurrence of certain shapes of synaptic terminations
      in the thoracic and lumbar parts was almost the same.

PMID- 1080415
TI  - [Linear measurements of the rhomboid fossa (the fourth ventricle in man].
AB  - The linear sizes of the rhombiod fossa of the human brain were studied with the
      help of the M. M. Sauliak-Savitskaja's device. Under study were 72 objects of the
      brain of humans from 20 to 78 years of age. The obtained data were statistically
      treated. No relationship between the sizes of the rhombiod fossa, sex and age was
      revealed, no statistically significant distinctions between the sizes of the
      right and left parts of the rhombiod fossa were revealed either. Between the
      length and width of the rhomboid fossa there exits a direct correlative
      relationship, the width of the rhomboid fossa having more close correlative
      relationships with the length of the superior part of the fossa rombiodea that
      the length of its inferior part.

PMID- 1080416
TI  - Pancreatic cyst complicated by major arterial erosion and gastrointestinal
      haemorrhage.
AB  - Uncommonly, pancreatic cysts are complicated by the erosion of certain adjacent
      arteries and serious gastrointestinal haemorrhage. This diagnosis should be
      entertained in any patient with chronic pancreatitis who presents with
      unexplained gastrointestinal blood loss, whether acute or chronic, a pulsatile
      mass in the epigastrium, and an associated bruit. Selective caeliac axis
      angiography may not only confirm the diagnosis, but provide precise anatomical
      information as a guide to the surgeon in planning treatment. The surgical
      treatment of choice is transcystic ligation of the bleeding vessel, followed by
      internal cyst drainage.

PMID- 1080417
TI  - Alcoholism: a genetic disorder?

PMID- 1080418
TI  - Attempted suicide: an operant formulation.
AB  - An alternative formulation of attempted suicide is offered, in which the
      phenomenon is considered within the context of social learning theory. The
      suicidal behaviour is viewed as an operant which is reinforced and maintained by
      the consequent interpersonal contingencies. The modification of the suicidal
      behaviour then involves alteration of the contingent consequences. This
      theoretical formulation is elaborated and the treatment principles and practice
      are outlined.

PMID- 1080419
TI  - Immunoassay of serum polypeptide hormones by using 125I-labelled anti(
      immunoglobulin G) antibodies.
AB  - 1. A technique for indirectly labelling antibodies to polypeptide hormones, by
      combining them with radioactively labelled anti-(immunoglobulin G) is described.
      (a) 125I-labelled  anti-(rabbit immunoglobulin G) and anti-(guinea-pig
      immunoglobulin G) antibodies with high specific radioactivity were prepared after
      purification of the antibodies on immunoadsorbents containing the respective
      antigens. (b) Rabbit immunoglobulin G antibodies to human growth hormone, porcine
      glucagon and guinea-pig immunoglobulin G antibodies to bovine insulin and bovine
      parathyroid hormone were combined with immunoadsorbents containing the respective
      polypeptide hormone antigen. (c) The immunoglobulin G antibodies to the
      polypeptide hormones were reacted with 125-I-labelled anti-(immunoglobulin G)
      antibodies directed against the appropriate species of immunoglobulin G,and the
      anti-hormone antibodies were combined with the hormone-containing
      immunoadsorbent. (d) 125I-labelled anti-(immunoglobulin G) antibodies and anti
      hormone antibodies were simultaneously eluted from the hormone-containing
      immunoadsorbent by dilute HCl, pH 2.0. After elution the anti-(immunoglobulin G)
      antibodies and antihormone antibodies were allowed to recombine at pH 8.0 and 4
      degrees C. 2. The resultant immunoglobulin G-anti-immunoglobulin G complex was
      used in immunoradiometric (labelled antibody) and two-site assays of the
      respective polypeptide hormone. 3. By using these immunoassays, concentrations
      down to 90pg of human growth hormone/ml, 100 pg of bovine insulin/ml, 80 pg of
      bovine parathyroid hormone/ml and 150 pg of glucagon/ml were readily detected.
      Assays of human plasma for growth hormone and insulin by these methods showed
      good agreement with results obtained by using a directly 125I-labelled anti
      hormone antibody in an immunoradiometric assay of human growth hormone or by
      radioimmunoassay of human insulin. 4. The method described allows
      immunoradiometric or two-site assays to be performed starting with as little as
      450 ng of polypeptide hormone-antibody protein. An additional advantage of the
      method is that a single iodination of the readily available antibodies to
      immunoglobulin G allows the establishemnt of several polypeptide hormone assays

PMID- 1080420
TI  - Iron removal from transferrin by a cell-free amphibian system.
AB  - 1. Transferrin-bound iron was released by a cell-free solution prepared from Rana
      catesbeiana immature erythrocytes, showing that cellular integrity is not
      necessarily a requirement for this process as previously thought. 2. The
      biological molecule(s) involved in the removal of iron from transferrin is
      relatively small.

PMID- 1080421
TI  - Immunologic characterization of the mononuclear cell infiltrates in rheumatoid
      synovia, in rheumatoid nodules, and in lip biopsies from patients with Sjogren's
      syndrome.
AB  - Two subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules and 8 rheumatoid synovia from patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA); and 2 parotid glands, 1 "pseudolymphoma," and 6 lip
      biopsies from patients with Sjogren's syndrome (SS) were studied to identify
      mononuclear cells. The palisading mononuclear cells in subcutaneous nodules had a
      surface membrane receptor for complement. B lymphocytes surrounded by larger
      numbers of non-B lymphocytes were found in RA synovium and between salivary ducts
      of SS lip biopsies. A "pseudolymphoma" obtained from a patient with SS consisted
      primarily of B lymphocytes. The predominant mononuclear cell in rheumatoid
      synovia and salivary glands in patients with RA and SS do not have surface
      membrane receptors from complement and are thus probably T lymphocytes or null
      cells.

PMID- 1080422
TI  - Effect of cytostatic drugs on nucleic acid synthesis in mouse thymocytes and
      chick embryo cells.
AB  - Cell suspensions of either mouse thymocytes or chick embryo cells were incubated
      with labelled precursors after preincubation with different cytostatic drugs. The
      total time of in vitro incubation was four hours. The ratio between the amount of
      incorporated labelled precursors and the total amount of DNA was determined and
      used to measure the cytostatic effect. All drugs used caused a marked depression
      of this ratio. The cytostatic drugs had no effect on the phosphorylation of
      thymidine.

PMID- 1080423
TI  - The effect of sex hormones on the growth of HeLa tumour nodules in male and
      female mice.
AB  - The effect of exogenous sex hormones on the cell mediated response in male and
      female mice has been studied by measuring the subcutaneous growth of HeLa tumour
      nodules and the variation in the total lymphocyte count. It was found that
      oestrogen treated male and female mice experienced a profound lymphopenia which
      was vary rapid in onset. Concurrent with the lymphopenia there was prolongation
      of HeLa tumour nodule growth in female mice, but not in males. A lymphopenia
      occurred in androgen treated male mice with subsequent prolongation of HeLa
      tumour nodule growth, and a lymphocytosis in female mice, with reduction of HeLa
      tumour nodule growth.

PMID- 1080424
TI  - T and B cell populations in blood and lymph node in lymphoproliferative disease.
AB  - Lymph node and peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied simultaneously for
      surface markers of T and B cells in 22 patients with lymphoproliferative diseases
      and 8 patients with non-neoplastic lymphadenopathy. This resulted in the
      classification of the malignancy from involved lymph nodes into 4 groups. Six
      patients had B cell lymphomata with normal or strong immunofluorescent staining
      for surface membrane immunoglobulin; 8 patients had B cell chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia with pale staining for surface membrane immunoglobulin; 5 patients had
      T cell lymphomata and 3 patients were not definitely classifiable. In 6 out of 8
      patients with B cell CLL, histopathology of lymph nodes showed infiltration with
      well differentiated lymphocytes and in all T cell lymphomata, the infiltrating
      cells were poorly differentiated. By the use of these markers, malignant
      lymphocytes were identified in the circulation in only 3 out of 6 patients with B
      cell lymphoma, in all patients with B cell CLL but in none of those with T cell
      lymphoma or unclassifiable lymphoma. Therefore a more conclusive characterization
      of the malignant lymphocyte in lymphoproliferative diseases must include an
      examination of involved lymph nodes.

PMID- 1080425
TI  - Detection of two further beta-type cytochromes in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides.
AB  - The photosynthetically-incompetent mutant V-2 of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides
      which is incapable of synthesising bacteriochlorophyll was grown aerobically
      under conditions of both high and low aeration. Potentiometric titration a at 560
      nm minus 570 nm revealed the presence of several different components tentatively
      identified as b-type cytochromes. Two such components of oxidation-reduction
      midpoint potentials of +390 mV +/- 10 mV and +255 mV +/- 7mV have not previously
      been detected in membranes of Rps. spheroides. These components have also been
      resolved by difference spectra at controlled oxidation-reduction potentials and
      fourth derivative spectra. Neither component appeared to react with CO. With
      increasing aeration of the culture medium the relative concentration of these two
      b-type cytochromes diminished, whilst that of the a-type oxidase increased.

PMID- 1080426
TI  - Letter: Colour disturbance as a symptom.

PMID- 1080427
TI  - Editorial: New measures for bleeding oesophageal varices.

PMID- 1080429
TI  - Isozymes and morphology of five amphibian hybrid embryo combinations which
      develop beyond gastrulation.

PMID- 1080428
TI  - Golgi studies of cerebellar maturation in frog tadpoles.

PMID- 1080430
TI  - Experimental murine amyloidosis: a model system for studying amyloid formation.
AB  - Myeloma-associated and casein-induced murine amyloidosis were used as models to
      study the role of lymphocytes and macrophages in amyloid formation. Amyloidosis
      occurred rarely and in small amounts in Balb/C mice with immunoglobulin (Ig)
      producing myeloma tumours but large amounts could be induced by injections of
      casein. Fluorescent staining of both forms of amyloid deposits by means of anti
      casein- and anti-myeloma-amyloid antibodies indicated that they either
      crossreacted or coexisted. Nor abnormality of Ig biosynthesis was detected in
      amyloidosis, suggesting that abnormal degradation was responsible for production
      of the Ig form of amyloid. Although spleen lymphocytes of casein-injected mice
      with amyloidosis demonstrated diminished cellular immunologic responses, this did
      not indicate generalized immunologic incompetence. The non-Ig form of amyloid in
      casein-injected mice was shown to be produced by macrophages, and a technique was
      developed for increasing the yield of amyloid-containing cells.

PMID- 1080431
TI  - Acute lymphocytic leukemia in children.
AB  - An overview is presented of the improvements in the prognosis of acute
      lymphocytic leukemia due to combined modality therapy. With the best available
      regimens, approximately 50% of these children have remained leukemia-free for 5
      years or more. Because of these results, there is growing concern for the quality
      of survival and for the side effects of therapy. A case in point is a completely
      unexpected side effect in a current study. Nonleukemic leukoencephalopathy has
      developed in 8 of 20 children given intravenous methotrexate, 50-80 mg/m2 per
      week, as the sole agent following remission induction and CNS therapy. Thus, with
      longer remissions and survivals now commonly observed, a concerted effort is
      needed to minimize side effects while trying to improve further the efficacy of
      therapy.

PMID- 1080433
TI  - [Problems of gastric mucosal surface lesions (an endoscopic study) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1080432
TI  - Chemical synthesis of a peptide fragment of thymopoietin II that induces
      selective T cell differentiation.
AB  - Thymopoietin is a polypeptide hormone of the thymus that consists of a 49 amino
      acid polypeptide chain of 5562 daltons. A peptide corresponding to positions 29
      41 of bovine thymopoietin II was synthesized by the Merrifield solid-phase
      technique. This peptide was shown to have a purity (correct sequence) of 96% by
      amino acid and C terminal analyses and by a complete determination of the amino
      acid sequence by manual Edman degradations. It displayed a selectivity of action
      similar to that of thymopoietin itself, inducing the differentiation of T
      lymphocytes but not of complement receptor (CR+) B lymphocytes. Although a number
      of substances induce the differentiation of both T cells and CR+B cells under the
      conditions of assay in vitro, only thymopoietin and the synthetic peptide
      described in this report have been shown to induce the differentiation of T cells
      selectively. Our data establish that the key residues involved in the active site
      of thymopoietin are present within a synthetic polypeptide which constitutes a
      minor portion of the amino acid sequence of thymopoietin. Since this peptide had
      3% activity by comparison with thymopoietin, the tertiary structure of
      thymopoietin may be required for optimal configuration of the active site to
      produce full biological activity.

PMID- 1080434
TI  - [The treatment of women in travail suffering from thrombocytopenia].

PMID- 1080435
TI  - [Pi system. III. Clinical importance of the method of electrophoretic examination
      of phenotypes of alpha-1-antitrypsin].

PMID- 1080436
TI  - Left main coronary artery obstruction. Follow-up of thirty patients with and
      without surgery.
AB  - Thirty patients, 20 males and 10 females, having a 50% or greater obstruction of
      the left main coronary artery, were evaluated. Their ages ranged from 40 to 71
      years (mean 53.8 years). All patients had angina pectoris, the duration of which
      varied from 2 months to 20 years (mean 5.4 years). Twenty-four patients (80%) had
      accelerated angina pectoris; 17 (56.7%) had prior myocardial infarction, and 27
      (90%) were found to have coexisting three-vessel disease and abnormal left
      ventricular contraction. There were no deaths or serious arrhythmias related to
      cardiac catheterization procedures. In the 11 unoperated patients 5 (45%) died
      within the first year of follow-up; however, all except one death occurred in
      patients with diffuse distal coronary artery disease technically unsuitable for
      surgery. Among the six survivors four were considered surgical candidates. These
      four patients have continued to have symptoms of angina pectoris with a mean
      follow-up period of 17.5 months (16 to 20 months). In the 19 patients who
      underwent aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafting, there was one immediate
      postoperative death (surgical mortality 5.3%) and one late death. The 17
      survivors in the surgical group have a mean follow-up period of 17.3 months (8 to
      31 months); 13 of them have clinically improved with 6 being totally free of
      angina pectoris. Thus, mortality is extremely high in those with poor distal
      vasculature technically unsuitable for surgery, but mortality is relatively low
      in patients who have technically bypassable lesions whether treated surgically or
      medically. Although saphenous vein bypass grafting appears to be more effective
      in providing clinical improvement, asymptomatic left main coronary obstruction
      may not justify surgical therapy.

PMID- 1080437
TI  - Myocardial damage in combined valvular and coronary bypass surgery.
AB  - The incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction (MI) and acute ischemic
      injury was determined in 44 patients having aortic valve replacement plus
      aortocoronary vein grafts (AVR + CABG) and in 22 patients having mitral valve
      repair or replacement plus aortocoronary vein grafts (MVR + CABG). These data
      were correlated with aortic cross-clamp time, fibrillation time, presence of left
      ventricular hypertrophy, and, in selected cases, left ventricular biopsy.
      Perioperative MI occurred in 21% (9/44) of the AVR + CABG patients and 5% (1/22)
      of MVR + CABG patients. In contrast, the MI rate for isolated valve replacement
      was 7% (15/213), and for isolated CABG 14% (16/112). In the AVR + CABG group,
      100% (5/5) of patients with combined cross-clamp and fibrillation times greater
      than 120 minutes suffered MI. These results indicate that patients with combined
      AVR + CABG are subject to substantially greater risk of perioperative myocardial
      damage than the other groups. Excessive aortic cross-clamp times and fibrillation
      plus aortic cross-clamp times should be avoided in AVR + CABG patients.

PMID- 1080438
TI  - Prospective randomized study of coronary bypass surgery in stable angina. The
      first 100 patients.
AB  - In a prospective study to evaluate surgery for angina pectoris, 50 patients
      randomized to surgery and 50 treated medically have completed 8 to 34 months'
      follow-up (median, 24 months). Anginal symptoms improved in both groups (88%,
      72%), but more operated patients are currently asymptomatic (70%, 8%) and using
      fewer medications (nitrates, 18%, 96%; propranolol, 8%, 72% of patients).
      Exercise tests with treadmill revealed increased exercise tolerance time in both
      groups, more so in the operated group (+ 89%, + 42%), and angina could not be
      provoked in 70% and 20% of patients, respectively. During the follow-up, fewer
      cardiac complications developed in the operated group (19 vs. 44; P = less than
      0.02); there was no difference in mortality. Repeat catheterization in 83 of 84
      survivors at 1 year did not reveal any significant differences in the progression
      of disease. Atrial pacing studies revealed improvement in anginal threshold in
      70% of operated and 48% of nonoperated patients. The study suggests that although
      subjective and objective improvement occurs with surgical as well as nonsurgical
      treatment, the frequency and magnitude are higher with surgery. The quality of
      life appears to be better in the operated patients during the first 24 months.
      Further follow-up is necessary to determine the duration of such improvement and
      to assess the influence of surgery on the natural life history of this disease.

PMID- 1080439
TI  - Long-term survival following coronary bypass surgery in patients with significant
      impairment of left ventricular function.
AB  - To assess the influence of coronary revascularization on the long-term survival
      of patients with debilitating angina and significant impairment of left
      ventricular function, analysis was done of 62 consecutive patients with severe
      angina and hypokinetic left ventricles (LVED larger than or equal to 20)
      undergoing coronary bypass at N.Y.U. Medical Center between January, 1971 and May
      1974. Follow-up was 98% complete, range 4 to 41 months with a mean of 23 months.
      Multiple bypasses were done in 94% of the group; a left-ventricular scar was
      excised in 16%. There were six operative deaths (mortality 9.7%) and three late
      deaths, all within eight months after operation. Angina was either absent or
      substantially improved in 90% of surviving patients. Life-table analysis shows a
      two-year survival of 85%, very similar to the survival rate for patients with
      good ventricular function. Hence, with current techniques impaired ventricular
      function is not a major contraindication to bypass grafting.

PMID- 1080440
TI  - Effects of partial obstruction on phasic flow in aortocoronary grafts.
AB  - Phasic blood flow recorded in five unobstructed dog aortocoronary bypass grafts
      to the left coronary artery was similar to that of normal coronary arteries, with
      a high diastolic-to-systolic flow ratio which averaged 2.7 +/- 0.4. With an
      average of 52 +/- 7% and 72 +/- 6% stenosis in the coronary artery distal to the
      graft, the phasic graft-flow pattern was altered, with a decrease in the
      diastolic-to-systolic flow ratio to 1.9 +/- 0.4 and 1.2 +/- 0.4, respectively.
      Phasic patterns recorded in 42 human saphenous vein grafts to branches of the
      left coronary artery subsequently shown to be patent by postoperative coronary
      arteriography were similar to those of a normal coronary artery, with an average
      diastolic-to-systolic flow ratio of 2.3 +/- 0.83 and an average flow of 76 +/- 48
      ml/min. Phasic flow measured in 20 grafts shown to be occulded at restudy had an
      average diastolic-to-systolic flow of 1.3 +/- 0.45, with an average flow of 72 +/
      33 ml/min and a phasic graft flow which was similar to that obtained from
      partially obstructed coronary arteries. We conclude that partial obstruction of
      the graft or the distal coronary artery alters the flow pattern, and this partial
      obstruction may lead to closure of the graft.

PMID- 1080441
TI  - Coronary bypass surgery. Value of maximal exercise testing in assessment of
      results.
AB  - To evaluate the relationship of results of maximal treadmill testing and results
      of saphenous vein bypass surgery (SVG), 30 patients underwent a maximal treadmill
      test before and after SVG; an additional 39 had results of postoperative exercise
      testing available. These patients were part of a group of 91 patients (95% of 96
      survivors) who had complete right- and left-heart catheterizations and coronary
      angiography before and after operation. Twenty-one per cent had improved ejection
      fractions postoperatively; in 32% ejection fractions were worse. Duration of
      maximal treadmill exercise correlated poorly with ejection fraction changes or
      graft patency. Rate-pressure product (RPP) was usually lower postoperatively in
      patients with worse ejection fractions, primarily because of a low systolic blood
      pressure at maximum exercise. RPP postoperatively of less than 25,000 almost
      always meant poor surgical results, either graft occlusion or poor left
      ventricular function, while RPP of more than 30,000 meant that left ventricular
      function was preserved and all grafts or the graft to the anterior descending
      were patent. Thus, success or failure of SVG in these groups may be predicted
      without postoperative catheterization. An open graft to the anterior descending
      coronary generally insured a high RPP with exercise, even if other grafts were
      closed, as long as ventricular function remained good.

PMID- 1080442
TI  - Combined gas endarterectomy and coronary artery bypass graft. A follow-up study.
AB  - One hundred and four patients who underwent combined gas endarterectomy and
      bypass grafting were followed for periods up to 4 1/2 years (mean, 15 months).
      The early mortality was 2.9% and the late mortality 3.8%; all of these deaths
      occurred in patients operated on for heart failure. The survival rate, presented
      in an actuarial manner, was 91% for the whole group at 3 years. Perioperative
      infarction occurred in 5.8%, was usually accompanied by patent grafts, and
      produced left ventricular dysfunction in only 1 of 5 patients investigated.
      Symptomatic improvement was observed in 96% of the patients. There was fairly
      good correlation between symptomatic improvement and graft patency. Repeat graft
      and coronary angiography showed that of 65 grafts to endartectomized arteries, 56
      were patent (a patency rate of 87%); there was no evidence of decrease of patency
      rate with time, and no significant difference between patency rates of grafts to
      different arteries. The runoff of patent grafts was judged to be good in 75% of
      patients, moderate in 15% and poor in 10%.

PMID- 1080443
TI  - Myocardial infarction in coronary artery surgery.
AB  - Myocardial infarction has been noted as a frequent complication of coronary
      artery surgery in many review series, although its causes are uncertain. Follow
      up of 100 patients at 19.7 months (mean) after coronary bypass surgery identified
      15 patients with perioperative myocardial infarction as judged by new,
      significant Q waves after surgery. There were no significnat differences in age,
      preoperative anginal class, previous infarction, presence of hypertension,
      hyperlipidemia, or frank glucose intolerance compared with the 85 patients
      without infarction. Nor was there a significnat difference in coronary artery
      score, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, cardiac index, or presence of
      collaterals. Cardiopulmonary bypass time, duration of anoxic arrest, and number
      of vessels grafted did not differ. Perioperative infarction always occurred in
      the territory of a grafted vessel and not in comparably compromised, nongrafted
      areas. In 13 cases new Q waves appeared in the first 24 hours, and myocardial
      infarction was not clinically suspected. Eight of the 15 grafts at risk were
      patent at late follow-up. Mean ejection fraction was not significantly changed
      postoperatively, but affected segmental wall motion declined in most cases. Five
      patients with perioperative infarction but no patent grafts improved by only 1
      NYHA class (mean), but ten patients with infarction and one or more grafts patent
      improved by 2.9 NYHA classes (mean). Perioperative infarction could not be
      correlated with currently recognized patient and operative risk factors. The
      consistent anatomical relationship suggested that the grafting procedure itself
      was critical to the occurrence of distal segmental infarction.

PMID- 1080444
TI  - Myocardial blood flow following saphenous vein bypass surgery.
AB  - Myocardial blood flow was measured by the 133Xe clearance technique in 21
      patients 6 to 31 months after saphenous vein grafting for coronary arterial
      disease. Preoperative measurements were made in 16. All patients had improved
      symptomatically, and 20 had returned to work. Thirty of 39 grafts were entered
      and selective injections of 133Xe performed. Flow in the left coronary artery
      (LCA) was unchanged postoperatively in 9, increased in 5, and decreased in 1
      (preoperative mean = 54 ml/100 g/min, SD +/- 16; postoperative mean = 65 ml/100
      g/min, SD +/- 20). Flow in the right coronary artery (RCA) was unchanged
      postoperatively in 3, decreased in 9, and increased in 2 (preoperative mean = 46
      ml/100 g/min, SD +/- 18; postoperative mean = 33 ml/100 g/min, SD +/- 12). Nine
      of 14 grafts to the left anterior descending coronary artery showed flow rates
      significantly greater than those in the corresponding LCA. Two of the 3
      circumflex grafts showed flow rates significantly lower than those in the LCA.
      Four of 8 right grafts showed significantly higher flow rates than those in the
      corresponding RCA. These findings correlated well with the angiographic
      appearances. We conclude that saphenous vein grafting increases total myocardial
      blood flow. The data suggest that the coronary arteries and the grafts are
      supplying different regions of the myocardium, and that the graft regions were
      previously underperfused. There would appear to be little mixing of blood between
      artery and graft regions.

PMID- 1080445
TI  - Saphenous vein bypass grafting. Changes in native circulation and collaterals.
AB  - One hundred patients were evaluated 12 to 43 months after saphenous vein bypass
      surgery. The rate of progression of obstructive disease in the native vessels and
      changes in collateral circulation were analyzed in detail. Fifty-five per cent of
      preoperatively patent vessels showed progression proximal to the site of graft
      insertion, 40% proximal to patent grafts; there was distal progression in only 7%
      of grafted vessels. The progression rate for nongrafted vessels was 14%. Patent
      grafts were associated with a high rate of disappearance of collaterals to the
      grafted vessels, while occluded grafts were associated with preservation of
      collaterals or appearance of new collaterals. Progression of obstructive disease
      in the native circulation and changes in collaterals did not prevent symptomatic
      improvement (93% of patients were symptomatically improved).

PMID- 1080446
TI  - Improved angina threshold and coronary reserve following direct myocardial
      revascularization.
AB  - Angina threshold, coronary reserve, and global myocardial lactate metabolism were
      studied by atrial pacing in 18 patients with obstructive coronary artery disease
      before and after aortocoronary artery bypass (ACB) surgery. In 3 of these 18
      patients, regional (anterior wall) metabolism was also studied. Following ACB, 16
      of the 18 patients did not develop angina at the maximum pacing rate (MPR). One
      patient developed angina postoperatively at a similar rate as before surgery. In
      the other patient, postoperative angina threshold was much higher. In the group
      as a whole, postoperative MPR (159 +/- 3.5 beats/min) was much higher than the
      preoperative angina rate (124.9 +/- 4.9 beats/min; P less than 0.001). Rate
      pressure product (RP) at MPR postoperatively (21.5 +/- 0.89 mm Hg/min X 10(-3))
      was also higher than RP at angina rate preoperatively (18.8 +/- 0.92 mm Hg/min X
      10(-3); P less than 0.01). Although coronary sinus blood flow (CSBF) both at rest
      (152 +/- 16.2 ml/min) and at MRP (266 +/- 27.5 ml/min) postoperatively was higher
      than preoperative CSBF at rest (111 +/- 10.7 ml/min; P less than 0.05) and at
      angina rate (202 +/- 19.9 ml/min; P less than 0.05), arterial-coronary sinus O2
      content (Art.-CSO2) difference was significantly lower postoperatively both at
      rest (8.9 +/- 0.37 ml/min) and at MPR (9.1 +/- 0.44 ml/min) compared with the
      preoperative Art.-CSO2 at the rest (12.7 +/- 0.40 ml/min; P less than 0.01) and
      at angina rate (12.4 +/- 3.8 ml/min; P less than 0.01)...

PMID- 1080447
TI  - Changes in survival and symptom relief in a longitudinal study of patients after
      bypass surgery.
AB  - The first 350 patients having coronary surgery at Stanford Medical Center
      (excluding patients with aneurysmectomy or valve replacement) have been followed
      sequentially utilizing a computer-based information system. Our experience spans
      72 months (900 patient-years), with an average follow-up of 30 months. Hospital
      mortality was 4.9%. Actuarial analysis revealed survival of 91% at 1 year and 80%
      at 6 years. Forty patients (11.5%) had 43 late myocardial infarctions, of which 5
      were fatal. Analyses of selected patient subgroups revealed significantly poorer
      survival in patients with prior myocardial infarction (P less than 0.05),
      significant congestive heart failure, or mitral regurgitation (P less than 0.01).
      Survival in multigrafted (and multivessel) patients was not significantly
      different from survival in single-grafted (predominantly single-vessel) patients.
      Actuarial studies suggest improved survival in patients with multivessel disease
      after coronary artery surgery. Between an initial evaluation at 9 months
      postoperatively (range: 2 to 40 months) and the most recent evaluation after 30
      months (range: 6 to 72 months), 13% of patients showed further clinical
      improvement, 47% were unchanged, while 40% deteriorated with respect to chest
      pain. We conclude that initial symptomatic benefits may not be maintained in late
      follow-up studies owing to progression of underlying vascular disease.

PMID- 1080448
TI  - Postoperative changes in aortocoronary saphenous vein grafts revisited:
      angiographic studies at two weeks and at one year in two series of consecutive
      patients.
AB  - Comparison of aortocoronary saphenous vein graft status at two weeks and at one
      year was made in two series of patients. The early postoperative evaluation
      includes 122 patients of the first 138 operated in our institution (182 grafts)
      and 83 subjects from a second series of 100 patients operated after modifications
      of surgical techniques (184 grafts). The one-year follow-up study was obtained in
      105 patients of the first series (154 grafts) and in 67 of the second (152
      grafts). The patency rate at two weeks was not significantly different between
      the two groups: 86.3% vx. 91.8%. A marked decrease of steonses noted early at
      anastomotic sites was observed: 15% to 5.5% (P less than 0.025). The patency rate
      at one year improved from 67% to 85,5% (P less than 0.0005). Grafts having flows
      at operation of at least 50 ml/min had patency rates of 90% in both series. The
      patency in grafts with initial flows below 50 ml/min increased from 28% to 73% (P
      less than 0.005). The incidence of late localized graft stenoses greater than 40%
      decreased from 16.5% to 6% (P less than 0.025), and diffuse narrowing greater
      than 40% was found in only 12% of the patent grafts at one year in the second
      series as compared to 31% in the first (P less than 0.001). These improved
      results do not appear to have been influenced by selection favoring better distal
      run-off in grafted arteries nor by the introduction of sequential grafts to
      multiple coronary arteries in the second group. Modified surgical techniques may
      explain the improved results.

PMID- 1080449
TI  - Abnormal regional metabolism and mechanical function in patients with ischemic
      heart diseases: improvement after successful regional revascularization by
      aortocoronary bypass.
AB  - Left ventricular anterior wall metabolism was investigated concurrently with
      global myocardail metabolism by simultaneous preoperation sampling of anterior
      interventricular venous (AIV) and coronary sinus (CS) as well as arterial bloods
      in seven patients with severe obstructive lesions of the major coronary arteries,
      including left anterior descending. Postoperative study was performed two weeks
      to six months following successful aortocoronary artery bypass surgery. All
      grafts including the aorto-left anterior descending artery grafts were patent.
      Preoperatively in three of the seven patients, anterior wall lactate extraction
      (R%L) was negative at rest. The average R%L at rest (7 +/- 14%) was abnormal and
      was negative (-49 +/- 26%) at a maximum supraventricular pacing rate (MPR) of 137
      +/- 4.6 beats/min. Postoperatively, not only was resting R%L (39 +/- 4;4%) normal
      but also it remained normal during atrial pacing (32 +/- 8.5%) even though the
      postoperative MPR (164 +/- 4.4 beats/min) was much higher than the preoperative
      MPR; Postoperatively AIV pO2 both at rest (21 +/- 1.1 mm Hg) and at MPR (22 +/-
      1.3 mm Hg) and directly determined O2 saturations (resting: 34 +/- 3.0%; MPR:35
      +/- 2.1%) tended to be higher than the preoperative values (AIV pO2, resting: 18
      +/- 1.7; MPR: 19 +/- 1.7 mm Hg; AIV O2 saturation resting: 30 +/- 2.7; MPR: 33 +/
      3.3%), although only differences in pO2 were statistically significant. In five
      of the seven patients in whom the pre and postoperative left ventricular
      angiograms could be compared, systolic wall motion of the left ventricular
      anterior wall improved markedly postoperatively. Average global myocardial
      lactate extraction (G%L) preoperatively was normal (19 +/- 4.8%) at rest but was
      negative (-22 +/- 12%) at MPR. Postoperatively however, G%L both at rest (44 +/-
      5.5%) and at MPR (34 +/- 7.9%) were normal. Coronary sinus pO2 and O2 saturation
      were also higher postoperatively compared to the preoperative values. Over-all
      left ventricular performance indicated by increase in ejection fraction also
      improved postoperatively. This improvement was not caused by increased coronary
      blood flow. Postoperative coronary sinus blood flow both at rest (114 +/- 19
      ml/min) and at MPR (199 +/- 27 ml/min) however were less than the preoperative
      values (resting 136 +/- 24, MPR 261 +/- 40 ml/min), There was also no increase in
      global O2 delivery and O2 consumption despite higher heart rate and rate-pressure
      product achieved during postoperative pacing stress and the patients did not
      develop angina. These findings suggest that improved regional and global
      metabolism and mechanical functions observed postoperatively in these patients
      may be due to redistribution of blood flow to the ischemic and nonischemic
      myocardium following successful aortocoronary artery bypass surgery.

PMID- 1080450
TI  - Concordance for coronary risk factors among spouses.
AB  - Values for several coronary risk factors, including systolic and diastolic blood 
      pressure, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, uric acid, hemoglobin,
      weight, vitral capacity and cigarette smoking have been found to be similar among
      spouses in the Framingham Study. However, longitudinal analyses show that this
      spouse concordance does not increase over a twelve-year observation period,
      suggesting that it has arisen through the marriage of similar people rather than
      through the sharing of a common marital environment. Apparent conflicts between
      cross-sectional and longitudinal findings have been resolved by showing that
      spouses who were concordant at the begining of the study are more likely to
      survive to later exams, while discordant spouse pairs tend to be dissolved
      through the death of one of their members.

PMID- 1080451
TI  - Selection of patients and operations for bleeding esophageal varices.

PMID- 1080452
TI  - The problem-oriented record as a tool in management.

PMID- 1080453
TI  - The treatment of pulmonary metastasis in osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - The survival times in a control series of 145 cases of osteogenic sarcoma without
      pulmonary resections including records of pulmonary nodules and surgical wedge
      excisions, suggest that pulmonary resection is a noteworthy adjunct treatment.
      The 5-year survival of patients subjected to repeated pulmonary surgery is known
      for 22 patients who were under the age of 21. Where aggressive pulmonary
      resections were performed, i.e., repeated thoracotomies, and multiple wedge
      resections of nodules, a 5-year survival rate of 31 per cent (after date of
      primary amputation) is noted and compared to a previous study of 145 cases, 121
      of which had untreated pulmonary metastases, and at 5 years, only 2 per cent of
      these patients with metastases were still alive. Lung wedge resection survivals
      are highly significant statistically although survival with residual disease must
      be considered in part at least, due to aggressive chemotherapy (i.e., high dose
      methotrexate with citrovorum rescue in combination with other drugs).

PMID- 1080454
TI  - Response of B and T lymphocytes and other blood leukocytes in chickens with
      Marek's disease.

PMID- 1080455
TI  - A regeneration computer model of the thymus.

PMID- 1080456
TI  - [Diadynamometry].

PMID- 1080457
TI  - Dissection and rupture of the ascending aorta. Unusual complications of
      aortocoronary bypass surgery.
AB  - This is a report concerning two cases of unusual complications, dissection and
      rupture of the ascending aorta, secondary to saphenous vein bypass surgery. We
      recommend that evaluation of patients undergoing saphenous vein bypass surgery
      include careful image-intensifier fluoroscopic examination during coronary
      arteriography. If aneurysmal dilatation of the aorta or calcification is
      observed, ascending aortography should be performed to better evaluate the aorta,
      and surgeons should be alerted to use appropriate maneuvers and techniques to
      minimize the risk of complications in the aortic site of the vein anastomosis.
      Internal mammary coronary-artery bypass should be the procedure of choice in such
      conditions.

PMID- 1080458
TI  - Saphenous vein graft from aorta to coronary vein with production of continuous
      murmur. A complication of coronary artery bypass surgery.
AB  - A saphenous vein graft was inadvertently placed from the aorta to the coronary
      vein adjacent to the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery in a 53
      year-old man with symptomatic coronary artery disease. The post-operative finding
      of a continuous murmur led to cardiac catheterization and successful surgical
      correction. The postoperative finding of a continuous murmur must alert the
      clinician to this possible technical error.

PMID- 1080460
TI  - [Measurement of electric impedance as a screening method for diagnosing
      haemorrhagic diatheses (author's transl)].
AB  - Changes in electrical impedance during blood clotting have been previously
      described. Personal measurements on blood of 18 healthy donors and 29 patients
      with various disorders of clotting gave reproducible results with this method.
      There was a marked difference between normal subjects and those with bleeding
      diatheses regardless of type. There was good correlation between impedance
      changes and the thrombelastogram, the former being more sensitive in diagnosing
      haemorrhagic disorders. Further studies are required to evaluate its place as a
      screening method in these conditions.

PMID- 1080459
TI  - [Complications following colon surgery].
AB  - 615 transperitoneal operations on the colon and rectum produced the following
      results. 377 abdominoperineal resections, anterior resections, partial and
      subtotal colectomies and proctocolectomies, 87 closures of colostomies and 151
      operations with resection. 66% of the operations were required due to tumors. The
      death rate with 545 preopreratively prepared and scheduled operations was 8.1%
      whereas with the 70 emergency operations it was 25.7%. In 254 or 41.3% of the
      cases there were postoperative complications. Severe postoperative complications
      due to infection were the most frequent, followed by cardiopulmonary,
      haemorrhagic, urological and complications due to ileus. The quotient of
      insufficiency with the 356 anastomoses was 16%, the death rate 1.4%.

PMID- 1080461
TI  - [Early carcinoma of the stomach in Europe (author's transl)].
AB  - In a retrospective study of 317 816 gastroscopies between 1968 and 1973, the
      incidence of early carcinoma of the stomach was assessed. Among 18 887 gastric
      carcinomas there were 1170 early carcinomas. The most frequent kind was one of
      mucosal changes with defect (types II c and III according to the Japanese
      classification). 47% of early carcinomas were located in the lesser curvature.
      The diagnosis was made by biopsy in 90% of cases. The correctness of biopsy was
      proportional to the number of biopsies per lesion. Adding cytological examination
      to biopsy decreased the number of false-negative results by 30%. In most cases
      the history was non-specific. But in 70 patients (16%) over 40 years gastro
      intestinal bleedings were the reason for endoscopic examination and led to the
      diagnosis of early carcinoma.

PMID- 1080462
TI  - Primary immunodeficiency with early encephalopathy in two siblings. An anatomo
      clinical study.
AB  - The authors describe two siblings affected by an immunodeficiency state
      characterized by low IgA and IgM levels in serum, and an early encephalopathy
      with infantile spasms and hypsarrhythmia. The nosography of this unusual
      association and the relationship to ataxia telangiectasia and allied disorders
      are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1080463
TI  - Myasthenia gravis: ALG treatment of seriously ill patients.
AB  - The authors review the theoretical basis of human antilymphocyte globulin (ALG)
      and human antihymocyte globulin (ATG) treatment in myasthenia gravis. Ten
      selected seriously ill myasthenic patients were treated with ALG and/or ATG.
      Three of the patients improved significantly and a further four moderately,
      whereas the condition of three patients did not change. ALG therapy is effective
      in the suppression of cellular immune mechanism, therefore it can be assumed that
      it exerts its effect in myasthenia gravis by inhibiting thymus hormone
      stimulation.

PMID- 1080464
TI  - Stimulation of granulopoiesis by androgens without concomitant increase in the
      serum level of colony stimulating factor.
AB  - The marked enhancing effect of daily injections of 19-nortestosterone decanoate
      (19-ND) upon granulopoietic recovery of mice made neutropenic by a single dose of
      BCNU was studeid in regard to the possible regulatory role of CSF. Serum levels
      of CSF in BCNU-treated mice with or without 19-ND injection were not found to
      differ significantly from those in normal mice. BCNU treatment with or without 19
      ND did not alter the CSF increases in response to endotoxin injection. Increases
      in dividing marrow granulocytes in the 19-ND mice were preceded by increases in
      their marrow CFC. The acceleration of granulopoietic regeneration was thus not
      mediated by the serum colony stimulating factor. It is attributed to a
      stimulatory effect of 19-ND on proliferation of CFC and/or CFU.

PMID- 1080465
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis.
AB  - The T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were reduced in patients with
      glomerulonephritis treated with hemodialysis as compared to normals. Although the
      absolute number of 'null' cells was also decreased, the percentage of 'null'
      cells was increased in these patients.

PMID- 1080466
TI  - The distribution of parvalbumins in muscle and in other tissues.

PMID- 1080467
TI  - Coupling Fab fragment of rabbit anti-human IgG antibody to beta-D-galactosidase
      and a highly sensitive immunoassay of human IgG.

PMID- 1080468
TI  - The role of the dentist in the emergency room.
AB  - Although most of the problems seen by the dentist in the hospital emergency room
      are not life-endangering, they can still cause considerable difficulty for the
      patient and anxiety for the doctor when not treated quickly and effectively. To
      manage an emergency effectively requires a prepared plan of action. Such planning
      must participation of the physicians, nurses, and auxiliary emergency room
      personnel. Since oral and maxillofacial emergencies may present unfamiliar
      problems to them, they must be instructed in advance about their role in proper
      care of such patients. Likewise, the dentist must familiarize himself with the
      emergency room- its operation and its facilities. Through such cooperative
      efforts, effective patient management will be provided no matter what unforeseen
      situation may suddenly arise.

PMID- 1080469
TI  - The problem oriented system. An approach to managing a comprehensive hospital
      dental service.

PMID- 1080470
TI  - The development of the retino-tectal projection in Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1080471
TI  - Changes in amino acid uptake and protein synthesis of bullfrog tadpole liver and
      tail tissues during triiodothyronine-induced metamorphosis.

PMID- 1080472
TI  - Effect of phenylhydrazine on the multiple hemoglobins of Rana catesbeiana
      tadpoles.

PMID- 1080473
TI  - Ageing and autoimmunity.
AB  - A total of 483 healthy persons from Czechoslovakia, divided into three age groups
      (below 40, 41-60 and above 61 years) were examined for eight types of
      autoantibodies (antibodies to epithelial cells and to colloid of thyroid gland,
      parietal cell antibodies, antibody to intersititial duct cells of parotis and to
      adrenal cells, anti-nuclear and anti-mitochondrial antibodies, intrinsic factor
      antibodies). A significantly increased occurrence was observed in the oldest age
      group, the results being more manifest in women. A conspicious increase was seen
      particularly in the thyroid antibodies. The results correspond to those of other
      authors from different geographic areas.

PMID- 1080474
TI  - Pathology of the lymphomas: Past, present, and future.

PMID- 1080475
TI  - [Musculoskeletal symptoms in myxedema].

PMID- 1080476
TI  - Human T-lymphocyte rosette formation: inhibition by cytochalasin B.
AB  - The effects of cytochalasin B, colchicine and vinblastine on the rosette
      formation of human T lymphocytes with neuraminidase-treated human erythrocytes
      (nHRBC) and with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) have been studied. Pretreatment of
      the lymphocytes with cytochalasin B which affects microfilament action reversibly
      inhibits both nHRBC and SRBC rosette formation. Colchicine and vinblastine known
      to interact with microtubules causes no major reduction in rosette-forming cells.
      The results suggest that normally functioning microfilaments are necessary for
      nHRBC and SRBC rosetting, whereas microtubules are not essential for the blinding
      of the erythrocytes to the lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080477
TI  - Prevalence study of glaucoma in rural areas.

PMID- 1080478
TI  - Smallpox and BCG vaccination in the newborn: follow up study.

PMID- 1080479
TI  - Tuberculosis in BCG vaccinated and unvaccinated children.

PMID- 1080480
TI  - Natural cytotoxic reactivity of mouse lymphoid cells against syngeneic and
      allogeneic tumors. II. Characterization of effector cells.
AB  - Studies were performed to characterize the effector cells responsible for natural
      cytotoxicity of mouse lymphoid cells against a variety of syngeneic and
      allogeneic tumor lines. Since spleen cells from normal nude mice were found to be
      highly cytotoxic, they were used for most of these experiments. Only a small
      proportion of the reactivity was affected by treatment with anti-theta serum plus
      complement. Macrophages dis not appear to be responsible for the reactivity,
      since treatment with carbonyl iron/magnet or carrageenan did not affect the
      levels of cytotoxicity. The effector cells were non-adherent, since passage over
      nylon columns resulted in a considerable increase in activity. The active cells
      did not have receptors for immunoglobulin or complement, since removal of cells
      with these receptors by columns or monolayers containing sheep erythrocyte
      antibody (EA) complexes or EA-complement complexes did not remove activity.
      Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity appeared to be ruled out as the
      mechanism for natural cytotoxicity, since aggregated gamma globulin and a potent
      anti-immunoglobulin reagent did not inhibit reactivity, and since no role for
      humoral factors could be demonstrated. The natural effector cell was found to be
      quite labile at 37 degrees C, losing much of its activity after 4 h. Since no
      surface markers could be detected on the effector cells, and the mechanism for
      cytotoxicity appeared distince from others previously described, it is proposed
      that the natural cytotoxicity against mouse tumor cells is mediated by a unique
      subpopulation of lymphoid cells, which are tentatively designated N-cells.

PMID- 1080481
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii infestation.

PMID- 1080482
TI  - Observations on the role of simuliids and culicids in the transmission of avian
      and anuran trypanosomes.

PMID- 1080483
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity: relevance to ocular diseases.

PMID- 1080484
TI  - [Amino-nucleosides. V-3'-Amino-3'-dideoxy, 5'-adenosine].

PMID- 1080485
TI  - Constitution of the cell envelope of Haemophilus influenzae in relation to
      competence for genetic transformation.
AB  - Cell envelopes of Haemophilus influenzae have been prepared by breakage in a
      French pressure cell followed by differential centrifugation. The envelope
      fraction may be resolved into an inner-membrane (light) and an outer-membrane
      (heavy) fraction on density gradients. Envelopes from competent cells possess
      elevated levels of lipopolysaccharide with a composition different from that of
      log-phase cell envelopes. Three apparently new polypeptides have been observed in
      envelopes from competent cells by gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate;
      additional quantitative alterations in the profiles of membrane polypeptides also
      company the development of the capacity to transport deoxyribonucleic acid. Most
      of the polypeptide changes are confined to the outer membrane; one new
      polypeptide is associated with the inner cytoplasmic membrane of competent cells.
      Protein synthesis during competence developement is rquired for the change in
      lipopolysaccharides and in the envelope polypeptides to occur.

PMID- 1080486
TI  - Minicell production and bacteriophage superinducibility of thymidine-requiring
      strains of Haemophilus influenzae.
AB  - Aminopterin- or trimethoprin-resistant thymidine-requiring strains of Haemophilus
      influenzae produce minicells, and the ratio of minicells to cells increases
      during the stationary phase of growth. Strain LB11, isolated after mutagenesis of
      a thymidine-requiring strain (Rd thd), produces more minicells than the parent
      strain. The mutations involved in high frequency minicell production have been
      transferred into the wild type (strain Rd) by transformation. The thymidine
      requirement in the resulting strain, MCl, is essential for minicell production,
      since spontaneous revertants of MCl to prototrophy do not produce minicells. The
      ratio of minicells to cells was increased more than 10(3)-fold by differential
      centrifugation. The minicells contain little or no deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
      Phage HPlcl apparently cannot attach to minicells. Competent cells of LB11 and
      its thymidine-requiring parent strain produce defective phage as a result of
      exposure to transforming DNA, whereas only LB11 produces many defective phage in
      response to the competence regime alone. Competent HP1c1 and S2 lysogens of MC1
      and Rd thd are also superinducible by transforming DNA, but competent LB11
      lysogens produced about the same amount of HP1c1 or S2 phage with or without
      exposure to transforming DNA possibly because of competition between the induced
      defective phage and Hp1c1 or S2 phage.

PMID- 1080487
TI  - Pseudoaneurysm of the femoral artery caused by osteochondroma of the femur. A
      case report.

PMID- 1080488
TI  - Lack of T-cell immune abnormalities in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients
      with Graves' disease or hypothyroidism.
AB  - Lymphocytes capable of forming nonimmune (E) and immune (EAC) rosettes with sheep
      erythrocytes and lymphocyte reactivity to phytohemagglutinin were determined in
      normal subjects, in patients with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease and in
      patients with hypothyroidism with and without goiter. Neither patient group
      differed from the normal subjects either in regard to lymphocyte count, the
      proportion of thymus dependent (t) lymphocytes forming nonimmune or bone marrow
      dependnet (B) lymphocytes forming immune rosettes or lymphocyte reactivity to
      phytohemagglutinin. These results fail to provide evidence that these disorders
      are associated with an immune abnormality with increased or abnormal T cells in
      peripheral blood.

PMID- 1080489
TI  - Specific concentration of polynucleotide immune complexes in the cryoprecipitates
      of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Although the association of cryoglobulinemia with hypocomplementemia and tissue
      injury in systemic lupus erythematosus is well recognized, composition of
      cryoprecipitates in terms of circulating antigens and antibodies in this disease
      is less clear. To clarify this question, cryoprecipitates from patients with SLE
      were examined with sensitive assay techniques for certain antipolynucleotide
      antibodies and DNA antigen. DNA antibodies were highly enriched relative to serum
      levels in the majority of cryoprecipitates. DNA antigen was also demonstrable.
      Antibody to ribonucleoprotein, although less frequently present, was similarly
      enriched in certain cryoprecipitates. In contrast, anti-double strand RNA, which
      was commonly detectable in relatively high titer in serum, was only minimally
      concentrated in a minority of cryoprecipitates. Absorption experiments using red
      blood cells heavily coated with polynucleotide antigen indicated that a major
      proportion of the IgG in certain cryoprecipitates was specific antibody. The data
      strongly suggest that the cryoprecipitates in systemic lupus erythematosus
      represent circulating immune complexes that are soluble at 37 degrees C and come
      out of solution in the cold. The marked concentration of immune complexes in the
      cryoglobulin offers a simple and direct method for determination of the nature of
      the complexes. The accumulated evidence obtained in the present study indicates
      that these complexes closely reflect, in their composition, the circulating
      immune complexes which are most significant pathogenetically in renal tissue
      injury.

PMID- 1080490
TI  - Effects of thrombin treatment of preparations of factor VIII and the Ca2+
      dissociated small active fragment.
AB  - When human, canine, or bovine factor VIII preparations are chromatographed on 4%
      agarose at ionic strength 0.2, the factor VIII activity elutes as a single peak
      in the void volume with slight tailing. Incubation of such preparations with
      dilute (0.01 U/ml) highly purified thrombin results in some activation of factor
      VIII. Chromatography of such incubation mixtures, under the same conditions as
      before, results in elution of two peaks of factor VIII activity one in the void
      volume and one much later with marked tailing. The void volume peak has most of
      the protein and some factor VIII activity. These void volume fractions also
      contain all the von Willebrand factor activity of thrombin-treated bovine
      preparations. Longer treatment with thrombin, or treatment with stronger
      thrombin, appears to shift much more of the procoagulant activity to the later
      eluting peak. Also, when the peak of factor VIII activity, found in the void
      volume after thrombin treatment, was again incubated with dilute thrombin, an
      increase in factor VIII activity occurred. Chromatography of this incubation
      mixture demonstrated only a small amount of activity in the void volume, while
      the bulk of the activity was present in the second peak. On the other hand,
      thrombin treatment of factor VIII activity from peak 2 caused a rapid decline of
      activity instead of a further increase. It is proposed that the residual factor
      VIII activity found in the void volume represents unreacted factor VIII, while
      the late eluting peak represents thrombin-activated material that is of smaller
      apparent size. The late eluting peak differs from the small active factor VIII
      fragment obtained by Ca2+ dissociation, as the latter can be activated by
      thrombin. A similar set of experiments was performed using ultracentifugation of
      bovine factor VIII preparations on sucrose density gradients. Results of these
      experiments agreed completely with those obtained with get chromatography.
      Preparations made from human hemophilic plasma, by the procudure employed in the
      purification of human factor VIII, were also incubated with thrombin and
      chromatographed. von Willebrand factor was again found only in the void volume
      fractions, but there was no factor VIII activity in any fractions eluted. In
      other control experiments, activated and unactivated factor VIII fractions did
      not clot fibrinogen and contained no assayable factor IX or X. The thrombin
      modified factor VIII of small size was inactivated by both a naturally occurring
      human inhibitor to factor VIII and the gamma globulin fraction of a rabbit
      antisera produced against the calcium-dissociated small active factor VIII
      fragment.

PMID- 1080491
TI  - Studies of the human factor VIII/von Willebrand factor protein. III. Qualitative
      defects in von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - The Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor protein was characterized in two unrelated
      patients with von Willebrand's disease in whom procoagulant and Factor VIII/von
      Willebrand factor antigen levels were normal. In both patients evidence of an
      abnormal protein was observed on crossed antigen-antibody electrophoresis. In one
      patient the Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor protein eluted from Sepharose 4B in
      a position and distribution identical to normal with normal levels of
      procoagulant activity and antigen. However, the partially purified Factor
      VIII/von Willebrand factor protein had markedly reduced von Willebrand factor
      activity in a ristocetin assay. In the second patient the peak of Factor VIII/von
      Willebrand factor protein, antigen, and procoagulant activity eluted from a
      Sepharose 4B column with an estimated molecular weight of approximately half that
      of normal. This protein had no von Willebrand factor activity. In both patients
      the reduced Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor protein subunit was
      indistinguishable from normal on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These
      studies indicate that in some patients with von Willebrand's disease there is a
      qualitative defect of the Factor VII/von Willebrand factor protein; the total
      amount of protein, antigen, and procoagulant activity are normal while the von
      Willebrand factor activity is deficient.

PMID- 1080493
TI  - Treatment goals in geropsychiatry.
AB  - Each geriatric patient has observable problems which can generate treatment goals
      implemented by a treatment plan. Extensive record keeping would be required to
      document this tripartite scheme. In practice, either problem-oriented or goal
      oriented records are used. Problem records tend to drift toward a goal concept,
      since problems are usually stated in only sufficient detail to serve as a guide
      to treatment. The results of a problem-oriented format are described for 143
      state hospital patients whose mean age was 74 years. The most common number of
      problems was 5 per patient. Physical problems were the most frequent (N equals
      456), followed by behavioral (N equals 203), thought-related (N equals 156),
      administrative (N equals 99), affective (N equals 69), and attitudinal (N equals
      10). The author's experience with both systems leaves them with preference for
      the problem-oriented system with geriatric patients since physical problems are
      so numerous.

PMID- 1080492
TI  - Immunocompetent cells from the lower respiratory tract of normal human lungs.
AB  - Subpopulations of lymphocytes in the broncho-alveolar air spaces of normal human
      lungs were compared with those in peripheral blood. Bone marrow-derived (bursal
      equivalent) cells (B cells) were identified by complement receptors (EAC
      rosettes) and by surface immunoglobulin. Thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells)
      were identified by their proliferative response to mitogens and the E rosette
      technique. Cells in lung air spaces were recovered from eight healthy nonsmoking
      volunteers by segmental lavage with the flexible bronchofiberscope. On the
      average, macrophages constituted 78% and lymphocytes 17% of the cells in the
      aspirates. B cells detected by surface immunoglobulin and complement receptors
      equaled 22% and 15% of lung lymphocytes, respectively. The distribution of lung B
      cells into heavy chain immunoglobulin classes revealed IgM and IgG to be the
      predominant classes, with mean values of 14.5% and 9.3%, respectively; the
      corresponding value for IgA was 5%. A comparable order of frequency (IgM greater
      than IgG greater than IgA) was observed for purified peripheral blood lymphocytes
      in the same and other control subjects. T cells comprised the majority (47%) of
      identifiable lung lymphocytes by the E rosette method. The presence of lung T
      cells was also corroborated by their proliferative response to mitogens
      (phytohemagglutinin and concanavallin A), but the response was less than that of
      equal numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes from the same subjects. The B/T
      cell ratio for lung lymphocytes was comparable to results with peripheral blood
      lymphocytes in the same subjects, but a higher proportion of lung lymphocytes
      could not be identified as either T or B cells. It is postulated that lung
      lymphocytes participate in the local immune defenses of the lung.

PMID- 1080494
TI  - Secondary hyperparathyroidism in nutritional osteomalacia.

PMID- 1080495
TI  - Transfer of ampicillin resistance between strains of Haemophilus influenzae type
      B.
AB  - Haemophilus influenzae type B, strain W-2, is highly resistant to ampicillin
      (MIC, 12.5 mug/ml). The ampicillin resistance of strain W-2 was transferred to an
      antibiotic-sensitive strain TF-2 (RifR, SmR) during mixed incubation on membrane
      filters at 36 C(transfeer frequency, 4.6 times 10(-5) per donor). Resistance was
      also transferred from the primary recipient to a secondary one (TF-3, EryR,
      NovR). The transfer frequency between these derivative strains was 10(-4) after
      incubation for 30 min. Resistance in strain W-2 remained even after growth in the
      presence of ethidium bromide or at an elevated temperature, although ampicillin
      resistance was lost from 13%-25% of transcipient cells after growth in broth.
      Strain W-2 and transcipients of ampicillin resistance had equivalent levels of
      beta-lactamase activity, while sensitive segregants and recipient strains
      demonstrated little or no enzyme activity. Transfer of ampicillin resistance
      between strains of H. influenzae is probably mediated by conjugation since
      transfer (1) requires cell-to-cell contact, (2) remains unchanged in the presence
      of DNase I, and (3) occurs in the absence of demonstrable bacteriophage.

PMID- 1080496
TI  - Determination of the von Willebrand's disease antigen (factor VIII-related
      antigen) in plasma by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - Measurement of the von Willebrand's disease antigen (factor viii-related antigen)
      has become an increasingly useful tool in the differential diagnosis of those
      disorders of hemostasis characterized by an abnormality of factor viii
      procoagulant activity.  Optimal conditions for assay of the von Willebrand's
      disease antigen in plasma by the quantitive immunoelectrophoretic technique are
      described.  Potential sources ofsystematic error have been evaluated and a
      dilution effect has been identified.

PMID- 1080497
TI  - New York State malpractice legislation.

PMID- 1080498
TI  - Physicians strike.

PMID- 1080500
TI  - Rebates and deductions--the 1975 Tax Reduction Act.

PMID- 1080499
TI  - Rights to privacy in medical records.

PMID- 1080501
TI  - Letter: On bias and truth.

PMID- 1080502
TI  - The myth about informed consent.

PMID- 1080503
TI  - Malpractice prevention.

PMID- 1080504
TI  - State legislatures address the medical malpractice situation.

PMID- 1080505
TI  - Legislative proposals for death with dignity.

PMID- 1080506
TI  - A comparison of two abortion-related legal inquiries.

PMID- 1080507
TI  - Editorial: The states act.

PMID- 1080508
TI  - Letters to the editor: Negligence immunity?

PMID- 1080509
TI  - Letter: Lawyers' ethics.

PMID- 1080510
TI  - Lymphocytes and human disease. Cell-mediated immunity.

PMID- 1080513
TI  - Brain monoamine synthesis and receptor sensitivity after single or repeated
      administration of thyroxine.

PMID- 1080514
TI  - Clinical results with metrizamide ventriculography.
AB  - Seventeen ventriculograms with the non-ionic water-soluble contrast medium,
      metrizamide, were performed in 15 patients, with neglibible adverse effects.
      Visualization of the ventricular system was good in most of the patients. A
      combined technique, using both metrizamide and gas, increased the diagnostic
      value of the procedure in some cases.

PMID- 1080515
TI  - Percutaneous trial of stimulation for patient selection for implantable
      stimulating devices.
AB  - The author describes a flexible electrode which can be inserted percutaneously
      for a period of several days in candidates for an implantable electrical
      stimulating device for pain relief. This allows the patient a trial of
      stimulation which closely mimics that of the intended implantable system. If this
      trial does not give adequate pain relief in a variety of situations, the patient
      is not considered to be a suitable candidate for an implantable device. The trial
      of stimulation in no way obviates the need for careful scrutiny of the social and
      psychological factors accompanying chronic pain problems.

PMID- 1080516
TI  - Familial variable immunodeficiency: autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance
      with variable expression of the defect(s).
AB  - In 1963, Rosen and Bougas reported the case of a woman with recurrent infection,
      marked elevation of 19S, and virtual absence of 7S gamma globulin. Recently,
      members of her family were found to have similar abnormalities: Ten of the 37
      family members tested had elevated levels of serum IgM accompanied by a combined
      deficiency of IgG and IgA in three, and by a deficiency of either IgG or IgA in
      two. In five, an increase in IgM was the sole abnormality. Two children had
      deficiencies of IgG and IgA with normal serum levels of IgM. Ten of the 12
      affected individuals had no IgD detectable by radial immunodiffusion and six had
      a low percentage of IgG-bearing B lymphocytes. A lack of correlation between the
      immunochemical abnormalities and either the presence or severity of clinical
      illness was observed. The presence of immunodeficiency in three generations and
      in both sexes of this family suggests an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance
      with variable penetrance of the defect.

PMID- 1080517
TI  - Complement studies in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in children.

PMID- 1080518
TI  - Teaching problem-oriented recording: a systematic approach.
AB  - Medical students and practitioners usually learn how to use problem-oriented
      medical records (POMR) by haphazard means. In attempting to put system into the
      teaching of POMR, the authors devised teaching case material and two
      instructional formats: self-instruction and workshop. The results of a controlled
      study with second-year medical students to determine the relative effectiveness
      of instructional formats and case materials are presented. At the end of
      instruction POMR performance was measured by assessing the student's ability to
      convert a case to POMR format. The results suggest that all student groups
      attained an acceptable performance level no matter which format they experienced.

PMID- 1080519
TI  - The nonhistone chromosomal proteins of vertebrate liver and kidney: a comparative
      study by gel electrophoresis.
AB  - The nonhistone chromosomal proteins (NHC proteins) probably include enzymes of
      chromosomal metabolism, general structural proteins, and possibly control
      elements. In theory, these proteins may have been strongly conserved during
      evolution, as the histones have. We have used sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) disc
      gel electrophoresis to analyze and compare the NHC proteins of two tissues, liver
      and kidney, from rat, cat, cow, chicken, turtle, and frog. The gel patterns
      indicate that the NHC proteins have changed much more during evolution than have
      the histones; the total pattern of NHC proteins has not been conserved. However,
      there does appear to be a conservation of a subset of bands for each tissue
      investigated. Further chemical analysis will be required to establish the
      significance of the results.

PMID- 1080520
TI  - Local adoptive transfer of the antitumor cellular immune response in syngeneic
      and allogeneic mice studied with a rapid radioisotopic footpad assay.
AB  - The immunologic nature of the cellular immune response against tumor cells
      inoculated in the footpad of mice was studied with a rapid, quantitative, and
      specific assay. The results indicate: a) The antitumor cellular immune response
      could be transferred adoptively in syngeneic and allogeneic mice with specific
      immune thymus (T) lymphocytes isolated on nylon columns; b) T-independent cells
      of host origin were necessary for the manifestation of the antitumor footpad
      reaction; and c) there was a close correlation between immune responses detected
      by the footpad assay and those detected by transplantation techniques. The
      footpad reaction consisted of several nonspecific and specific components.
      Nonspecific factors disturbing the specific footpad reaction in syngeneic and
      allogeneic recipients were discussed.

PMID- 1080521
TI  - Daily intravenous infusions of Corynebacterium parvum in twenty patients with
      disseminated cancer: a preliminary report of clinical and biologic findings.
AB  - Twenty terminally ill patients with various disseminated tumors were treated with
      daily iv infusions of Corynebacterium parvum given alone at doses of 4 mg/day, 5
      days/week, for 4-16 weeks. In 8 patients (40%), the lesions partially regressed
      to less than 50% of their original size. Another patient who did not improve with
      C. parvum therapy had a complete remission after the first course of
      chemotherapy. Skin tests, total leukocyte counts, and T- and B-cell counts
      revealed variable and unpredictable changes. Phytohemagglutinin- and concanavalin
      A-induced blastogenesis tended to increase. Of 10 patients, 8 had a significant
      decrease in serum C3 levels after completion of C. parvum therapy, possibly due
      to an increased C3 consumption by macrophages activated by the immunostimulant.
      That nonspecific immune stimulation after repeated iv infusions of an
      immunostimulant can by itself induce regression in disseminated disease does not
      agree with the current concept that immunotherapy can be effective only against
      minimal residual disease. The therapeutic procedure proposed here, though
      frequently associated with moderate short-lasting side effects, is devoid of
      serious toxicity.

PMID- 1080522
TI  - Transplantation of human cancers to nude mice and effects of thymus grafts.
AB  - Human cancers were transplanted to nude mice; a cell line originating in the
      foregut (distal stomach or first portion of the duodenum) produced exponential
      nonmetastasizing growth, preventable by prior thymus implantation. Implantation
      of thymuses into mice with established tumors resulted in increased animal
      survival and in four instances in complete regression of the neoplasm. Cell lines
      of pancreatic carcinoma and melanoma and surgical specimens of melanoma and of
      neoplasms from the pancreas and colon showed variable growth patterns in this
      system. Repeated attempts to transplant gastric adenocarcinoma were unsuccessful.

PMID- 1080523
TI  - Synthesis of reovirus-specific polypeptides in cells pretreated with
      cycloheximide.
AB  - When L cells are infected with reovirus in the presence of cycloheximide neither
      virus-specific polypeptides nor viral double-stranded RNA are synthesized. There
      is some synthesis of viral single-stranded RNA, transcribed mainly from segments
      L1, M3, S3, and S4 of the 10 viral genomic segments, and in previous work this
      has been termed the early mRNA pattern. In an attempt to determine whether these
      early transcripts are functional mRNA's, the transcripts were allowed to
      accumulate for a period of 17.5 h at 31 C in cycloheximide-treated cells. The
      cycloheximide was removed and the cells were exposed for various periods to
      radioactive amino acids to label any virus-specific polypeptides that might be
      synthesized. An immunoprecipitation technique was used to separate the viral
      polypeptides from cellular extracts and this precipitate was then analyzed on
      sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. Within 30 min of cycloheximide
      removal, four major polypeptides (lambda2, mu0, sigma2a, and sigma3) and two
      minor polypeptides (lambda1 and mu2) were found. In infected cells without
      cycloheximide eight viral polypeptides (lambda1, lambda2, mu0, mu2, sigma1,
      sigma2, sigma2a, sigma3) were found at 17.5 h after infection and the same
      pattern was found between 3 to 4 h after removal of cycloheximide which had been
      present for 17.5 h after infection. The latter result shows that the
      cycloheximide inhibition is reversible and that the cells readily recovered and
      synthesized the normal complement of viral polypeptides. In one set of
      experiments cordycepin was added to infected cells immediately after the removal
      of cycloheximide at 17.5 h to inhibit the synthesis of new viral transcripts.
      During the succeeding 4 h in the presence of cordycepin, the pattern of protein
      synthesis was the same as that obtained during the 30 min after cycloheximide
      removal. It is concluded that the polypeptides formed right after removal of
      cycloheximide are the translation products of transcripts accumulated during
      cycloheximide treatment and, therefore, that these transcripts are functional
      viral mRNA's.

PMID- 1080524
TI  - Lymphocytotoxins in vasectomized men.
AB  - Serum samples before and after vasectomy were examined for cold and allogeneic
      lymphocytotoxic antibodies. The techniques used did not demonstrate a significant
      increase in the incidence of these antibodies following vasectomy.

PMID- 1080525
TI  - Jamestown Medical Clinic System.
AB  - Comprehensive health care can be provided in rural and poor areas despite a
      decreasing number of physicians in those areas. A single physician increased his
      productivity by 300% to 400% by combining already available resources: specially
      trained and supervised nurse-practitioners, problem-oriented charting, and
      multiphasic screening. With emphasis on the nurse-practitioner as the main
      "person of contact" for the patient, the physician is able to shift from 50% to
      75% of his usual tasks to these specially trained personnel. Patients have come
      to regard the physician as a "consultant" to the nurse-practitioner.

PMID- 1080526
TI  - [Proceedings: Indication for aortocoronary bypass based on coronary angiographic
      findings].

PMID- 1080527
TI  - [Proceedings: Case of atypical angina pectoris with an interesting
      electrocardiographic finding during aorto-coronary bypass operation].

PMID- 1080528
TI  - [Proceedings: Surgical management of ischemic heart diseases].

PMID- 1080529
TI  - [Sweat suppression in patients with atopic dermatitis and infantile xerotic
      eczema (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080530
TI  - [Distribution of phenotypes and levels of serum alpha1-antitrypsin in respiratory
      diseases in Japan].

PMID- 1080531
TI  - Selective deficiency of thymus-derived lymphocytes in experimental
      pyelonephritis.
AB  - Pyelonephritis was induced in experimental animals derived of thymus-derived (T)
      lymphocytes by adult thymectomy and serial sublethal irradiation. In this model T
      lymphocytes were reduced to less than 1% of normal adjudged by the in vitro
      Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) responsiveness of lymphoid cells from deprived animals
      compared with control animals. Pathologic, bacteriologic and immunologic aspects
      of renal infection were studied in the T cell-deprived animals during the acute,
      resolving and chronic stages of pyelonephritis. The experiments have shown that
      the ablation of lymphocytes did not appreciably alter the course of the disease.

PMID- 1080532
TI  - [Color vision in electric welders].

PMID- 1080533
TI  - Neuroendocrine control of the pituitary TSH secretion. VII. Effects of
      intraventricular and intraarterial administrations of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)
      on rat pituitary TSH release.

PMID- 1080534
TI  - Bovine venereal vibriosis. Ultrastructure of endometrial inflammatory lesions.
AB  - The inflammatory lesions in bovine venereal vibriosis have been examined by light
      and transmission electron microscopy in order to provide a better understanding
      of host defense of the uterus against bacterial invasion. Neutrophils and
      eosinophils were found mainly at the endometrial surface and in glandular lumina.
      Mononuclear cells within the endometrial tissue were identified
      ultrastructurally. Lymphocytes were most abundant, plasma cells were next in
      frequency, and mononuclear phagocytes were least often observed. An attempt was
      made to classify lymphocytes on the basis of presence or absence of a cytoplasmic
      network of filaments and other ultrastructural characteristics.

PMID- 1080535
TI  - Surgery of the aged. Management of gastrointestinal problems.

PMID- 1080536
TI  - [Digestive hemorrhages in diffuse spleno-portal thrombosis. Emergency treatment
      with ligation of the esophagus on Murphy's button (apropos of 4 cases)].

PMID- 1080537
TI  - [Prevention of digestive complications of aspirin].

PMID- 1080538
TI  - [Action of Thymobiol on the pH of the gastric fluid in patients undergoing
      digestive resuscitation].

PMID- 1080539
TI  - [Bleeding Meckel's diverticulum (diagnosis using radioisotope scintigraphy)].

PMID- 1080540
TI  - [Chronic renal insufficiency: developmental stages, diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1080541
TI  - [Toxicologic significance of salicylates in rheumatology].

PMID- 1080542
TI  - [Further experiences with natamycin (pimaricin) ointment in the treatment of
      tinea barbae].

PMID- 1080543
TI  - Thymus rudiment of the athymic nude mouse.

PMID- 1080544
TI  - Immunologically-mediated restraint of latent tumour metastases.

PMID- 1080545
TI  - Stimulation of hepatocytes and lymphocytes in vitro by liver regeneration.

PMID- 1080546
TI  - Low doses of DNP-D-GL, a potent hapten-specific tolerogen, are immunogenic in
      vitro.

PMID- 1080547
TI  - Receptor-mediated inactivation of early B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080548
TI  - Partial characterisation of Ia antigens on murine thymocytes.

PMID- 1080549
TI  - Spontaneous AKR lymphoma with T and B-cell characteristics.

PMID- 1080550
TI  - Effects of halothane and nitrous oxide anaesthesia on 5-HT turn-over in the rat
      brain.
AB  - The effects of anaesthesia with halothane and nitrous oxide on the turn-over of 5
      HT in the rat brain were analysed. The rate of 5-HT synthesis was estimated on
      the basis of 5-HTP accumulation following 5-HTP decarboxylase inhibition.
      Inhalation anaesthetics reduced the rate of 5-HT synthesis in the whole brain,
      this effect being particularly marked in the forebrain. In addition, the
      reduction of the rate of 5-HT synthesis was still detected after a large
      tryptophan loading indicating that halothane and nitrous oxide anaesthesia
      reduced the activity of tryptophan hydroxylase in vivo. The utilization of 5-HT
      was also delayed during anaesthesia since the rate of 5-HT disappearance
      following the inhibition of its synthesis at the decarboxylation step was
      decreased in the whole brain. In spite of this reduced turnover of 5-HT in the
      brain of rats exposed to inhalation anaesthetics, the 5-HIAA levels were
      permanently elevated. This was the result of a partial inhibition of the active
      elimination of the acidic metabolite from the brain during this kind of
      anaesthesia.

PMID- 1080551
TI  - Quantal release parameters during fade of endplate potentials.
AB  - An analog of hemicholinium-3 caused the fade of endplate potentials during
      repetitive stimulation at low rates. The quantal parameters of release were
      estimated during steady-state conditions before and in the presence of the drug.
      The fade of EPP's was associated with a decrease in quantal content (m). The
      decrease in m was, in turn, associated with a decrease in the binomial parameter
      n and an increase in the binomial parameter p. The changes in n and p are
      discussed in relation to available stores of transmitter and the probability of
      transmitter release.

PMID- 1080552
TI  - Is there any transtubular reabsorption of filtered proteins in rat kidney?
AB  - The bovine protease inhibitor aprotinin (Trasylol) has a high affinity to the
      kidney and is preferentially pinocytized in the proximal tubule. After i.v.
      injection of 1mug 124 I aprotinin the blood content decreases to 2.8% of the
      primary injected amount within 3 hrs, while simultaneously each kidney contains
      29%. This substance was used to test whether or not a peptide which is
      pinocytized, is released in the intact form into the peritubular blood. By a
      cross circulation technique with two unilaterally nephrectomized rats we were
      unable to detect any transport of pinocytized, intact peptide through the
      proximal tubule cell over the observed cross circulation period of 1-8 hrs even
      when using 5000 times the above dosage. Since the total amount of aprotinin in
      the kidney is immunologically reactive (ca. 97%), and 65% of the radioactivity in
      the blood is not reactive after 6 hrs, we believe that the last step in the
      absorption process consists in digestion inside the lysosomes and instantaneous
      release of the split products into the blood.

PMID- 1080553
TI  - Aspects of the biochemical pharmacology of cytembena.
AB  - Cytembena, at low concentrations, caused an inhibition of the in vitro growth of
      L1210 mouse leukaemia cells which could not be reversed by reduced folates,
      purines, amino acids or deoxyribonucleosides. Invitro experiments with a number
      of enzymes of folate metabolism produced no evidence that this drug acts as an
      anti-folate in mammalian tumor colls. However, Cytembena, in therapeutic doses,
      caused a rapid and extensive inhibition of DNA biosynthesis. There was no
      inhibition of RNA biosynthesis, but at high doses some inhibition of protein
      biosynthesis was observed. Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates accumulated in the
      presence of Cytembena, suggesting that the inhibition of DNA biosynthesis was at
      the polymerization stage. However, in vitro experiments failed to demonstrate any
      direct interaction of Cytmebena with either DNA or DNA polymerase.

PMID- 1080554
TI  - [Regularity of angular velocity rate of the slow rate of nystagmus in
      experimental and clinical lesions of the vestibular organ].

PMID- 1080555
TI  - [Return of vestibular function and compensation of vestibular damage following
      streptomycin treatment].

PMID- 1080556
TI  - The use of transfer factor in a patient with agammaglobulinemia.
AB  - We have studied a 9-year-old boy with agammaglobulinemia treated for the past 6
      years with exogenous gamma-globulin who was noted to have an immunoglobulin (Ig)M
      level of 35 mg/100 ml and circulating B cells as determined by
      immunofluorescence. Of the circulating lymphocytes, 41% had alpha-immunoglobulin
      heavy chains, 3% gamma chains, and 3% mu chains. Synthesis of gamma heavy chain
      classes showing wide heterogeneity and alpha and mu chains of restricted mobility
      was demonstrated by radioimmunoelectrophoresis. Because of the patient's poor
      clinical response to exogenous gamma-globulin administration and the paradoxic
      presence of circulating B cells, with the capacity to synthesize immunoglobulins
      in vitro, we elected to begin a course of therapy with transfer factor. After the
      initial four doses of transfer factor (2 x 10(8) lymphocytes/dose) his serum IgG
      rose from 50 to 130 mg/100 ml, the same level which he had previously attained
      during continuous exogenous gamma-globulin therapy. His serum IgG has remained at
      this level for the past 12 months with trimonthly booster doses of transfer
      factor. The patient has not required any additional gamma-globulin therapy and he
      has remained clinically asymptomatic. Our studies in a patient with
      agammaglobulinemia have shown that transfer factor therapy may affect
      immunoglobulin synthesis. The concurrent discontinuation of exogenous gamma
      globulin administration makes it difficult to attribute the changes to only one
      or another aspect of therapy. We await further reports of the effects of transfer
      factor in the therapy of patients with B cell disorders.

PMID- 1080557
TI  - The sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m scan: an aid in the evaluation of
      gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Twenty pediatric patients presenting primarily with unexplained gastrointestinal
      bleeding were evaluated with sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m imaging. Three patients
      had normal barium enemas and scans consistent with Meckel's diverticulum. These
      three patients and three additional patients with normal scans underwent surgical
      exploration. Meckel's diverticula containing gastric mucosa were found in all
      three patients with positive scans. No diverticula were found in the three
      patients with normal scans. Four other patients had scans that were considered
      abnormal but not felt to represent Meckel's diverticula. In one of these patients
      a radiographic gastrointestinent, a nonspecific terminal ilial ulcer without
      gastric mucosa was found at surgery. The two other patients had normal
      radiographic gastrointestinal studies and no further evaluation was carried out.
      The etiology of gastrointestinal bleeding in pediatric patients is frequently
      unexplained even after thorough evaluation including celiotomy. The sodium
      pertechnetate Tc 99m scan is a safe, simple, non-invasive procedure that can
      demonstrate Meckel's diverticula with greater certainty than the barium enema and
      can suggest suspicious areas that can then be evaluated by more definitive
      procedures.

PMID- 1080558
TI  - The relationship between head circumference and the development of communicating
      hydrocephalus in infants following intraventricular hemmorrhage.
AB  - Rapidly enlarging head circumference is a standard clinical sign of progressive
      hydrocephalus in an infant. Six neonates 29 to 36 weeks gestational age, with
      intraventricular hemorrhage, confirmed by ventricular tap, had head
      circumferences measured at intervals from birth. The sudden appearance of rapidly
      expanding head size, not associated with changing clinical status, occurred 9 to
      20 days after the estimated time of hemorrhage in all of the infants. Air
      ventriculography within three days of abnormal acceleration of head circumference
      growth demonstrated moderately to severely dilated ventricles. The ventricles
      were probably enlarging slowing from the time of hemorrhage because there was no
      associated clinical deterioration in the infants coincident with the rapid
      increase in head circumference. After intraventricular hemorrhage, enlarging head
      circumference appears to be an insensitive sign of hydrocephalus in premature
      infants.

PMID- 1080559
TI  - Editorial: Frequency of tuberculin testing.

PMID- 1080560
TI  - Effects of waterbed flotation on premature infants: A pilot study.
AB  - Two types of waterbeds were developed to impart compensatory vestibular
      proprioceptive stimulation to premature infants. Twenty-one infants ranging in
      gestational age from 27 to 34 weeks and birthweights from 1,050 to 1,920 gm were
      included in this pilot study. Assignment to experimental and control groups was
      made by random design. The experimental group consisted of ten infants who were
      placed on a gently oscillating waterbed before the sixth postnatal day, where
      they remained for seven days. Their clinical progress was compared with that of a
      control group of 11 similar babies. Waterbed flotation was found to be a safe
      procedure; there was no significant effects on the infants' vital signs, weight,
      or frequency of emesis. Highly significant differences were found in the
      incidence of apnea between the two groups, with infants on the oscillating
      waterbed having significantly fewer apneic spells. Infants placed on the waterbed
      during the first four postnatal days benefited more than those placed later. A
      non-oscillating waterbed was found clinically useful for very small prematures
      with severe skin problems, for infants recovering from abdominal surgery, and for
      infants receiving parenteral nutrition.

PMID- 1080561
TI  - [Use of inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes in the complex therapy of acute and
      chronic suppurative lung diseases in children].

PMID- 1080562
TI  - Influence of receptor-receptor fibres on the spontaneous afferent activity from
      semicircular canals in the frog (Rana esculenta).
AB  - The influence of the efferent vestibular system having been eliminated, the
      spontaneous activity of afferent fibres of the ampullary nerves of the horizontal
      and vertical anterior semicircular canals was recorded in the frog. By
      stimulating the ampullary nerve of one of these two canals while recording on the
      other, as well as by sectioning branches of the vestibular nerve and then using
      statistical methods, it is shown that receptor-receptor fibres have an inhibitory
      action on afferent activity from the horizontal and vertical anterior
      semicircular canals.

PMID- 1080564
TI  - Treatment of incontinence by electrical stimulation.

PMID- 1080563
TI  - [Letter: Presence of alpha 1 antitrypsin in the hyaline membrane of the
      premature].

PMID- 1080565
TI  - [Prevention of leukocyte-induced cholecystitis by inhibiting their activity with
      aprotinin].

PMID- 1080566
TI  - [Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1080567
TI  - [Frequence of rheumatic disease in general practise (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080568
TI  - Production of antibodies of identical idiotype but diverse immunoglobulin classes
      by cells derived from a single stimulated B cell.
AB  - The availability of anti-phosphocholine antibody of the TEPC 15 idiotype from the
      clonal progeny of a single precursor cell, stimulated in vitro, permitted the
      demonstration of monoclonal antibodies with as many as three immunoglobulin
      classes with identical variable regions. This demonstration was dependent on
      sensitive radioimmunoassays which showed a one to one relationship between the
      total anti-phosphocholine antibody produced by a clone and the sum of anti
      phosphocholine antibody of the different classes as well as the amount of
      antibody of the TEPC 15 idiotype. The class distribution was confirmed by
      isoelectric focusing identification of IgM, Igta, and IgGl antibodies of the TEPC
      15 idiotype produced by single clones which showed characteristic pI values for
      each immunoglobulin class. Thus, within the generative phase of a single antibody
      producing cell clone, various heavy chain constant regions can be linked to the
      same variable region, and single precursor cells have the capacity to generate
      progeny expressing at least three distinct immunoglobulin classes.

PMID- 1080569
TI  - Aspects of the psychology and epidemiology of rheumatoid disease.
AB  - In a prospective study of rheumatoid disease (RD) clinical, serological,
      radiological, and biochemical factors were assessed on 102 patients and scores
      obtained on the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ). Patients with early RD
      had MHQ scores closely resembling those in the normal population. Using a new
      clinical prognostic index, patients who develop severe RD tended to have low
      scores at initial testing on the MHQ. Patients whose serum was positive for
      rheumatoid factor also tended to have low scores on the MHQ. Together these
      findings suggest a possible subclassification of RD into a less severe form in
      which psychosocial factors may be important, and a more severe form in which
      heredity or some other constitutional factor (or factors) may be important,
      rheumatoid factor acting as a 'marker'.

PMID- 1080570
TI  - Dietary tryptophan and the selection of ethyl alcohol in different strains of
      rats.
AB  - Rats of three different strains were tested systematically for their selection of
      water or ethanol offered in a two-choice situation. In order that preference
      aversion curves could be derived, the concentrations of ethanol were increased in
      strength from 3 to 30% over an 11 or 12 day test sequence. L-tryptophan was added
      to the rat's diet in 1% or 3% mixtures for a predetermined interval beginning
      before or during a test for ethanol preference. Given to female hooded rats of
      the Royal Victoria strain, excess tryptophan elevated the ethanol preference
      threshold and significantly increased ethanol intake according to the dose
      administered. However, in male hooded rats of the Long-Evans strain, tryptophan
      augmented only slightly the selection of ethanol. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, an
      albino strain, were unaffected by the addition of this essential amino acid to
      their diet. Although tryptophan may exert its effect on ethanol intake through an
      alteration in the metabolism of cerebral serotonin, such an effect seems to be
      dependent upon the strain of rat tested.

PMID- 1080571
TI  - Screening hallucinogenic drugs: systematic study of three behavioral tests.
AB  - The effects of several hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic drugs have been
      studied on three behavioral tests proposed as useful indexes of hallucinogenic
      activity: "head-twitching" in mice, defecation in an open-field, and suppression
      of responding on a differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL) schedule of
      reinforcement. According to the original propositions, after administration of
      hallucinogenic agents the frequency of head-twitches would increase in mice, the
      defecation of rats in an open field would decrease without consistent change in
      ambulation, rearing and grooming, and the responding of rats on a DRL schedule
      would yield a typical cumulative record pattern. It was found that the head
      twitch test was sensitive to mescaline and LSD-25, but not to delta9-THC or to
      myristicin and elemicin. Besides, the data on interobserver agreement suggested
      there is a high degree of subjectivity involved in assessing this response. In
      the open-field test, non-hallucinogenic drugs such as chlorpromazine and
      apomorphine fell into the hallucinogenic pattern proposed. In addition, the post
      injection interval selected seemed to critically affect defecation scores. The
      DRL "hallucinogenic" pattern occurred nonspecifically after administration of
      hallucinogenic and non-hallucinogenic drugs. It was concluded that the three
      tests have limited value for screening purposes.

PMID- 1080572
TI  - Combined radiosensitizer infusion and irradiation of osteogenic sarcomas.
AB  - Three children with osteogenic sarcomas which were either unresectable or whose
      parents refused permission to amputate were treated with combined intra-arterial
      5'bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) infusion and high-dose-per-fraction megavoltage
      irradiation to the primary site. Pulsed, 48-hour BUdR infusions were performed
      prior to each 600-rad radiation therapy fraction, with a total radiation dose to
      the primary site of 4,200-4,800 rads in five weeks. Local control was obtained in
      all 3 children. One child is alive two years after treatment, another died with
      metastatic disease and the third patient who received radiotherapy to the lungs
      for pulmonary metastases is without evidence of disease one year later.

PMID- 1080573
TI  - Neuroradiology of basal anterior fossa (transethmoidal) encephaloceles.
AB  - Encephaloceles of the basal anterior fossa, though primarily congenital in
      origin, may be insidious in presentation and remain undetected until adulthood.
      Conventional plain films and hypocycloidal tomograms show a basal osseous defect
      with its margins bevelled toward the nasopharynx. Magnification angiography is
      the diagnostic study of choice and reveals herniation of the anterior inferior
      frontal artery through the osseous defect. Pneumoencephalography, the classical
      technique of investigation, was found to be unrewarding in demonstrating the
      herniated sac or in determining the presence or absence of brain tissue within
      the sac; however, it is of value in demonstrating a ventricular communication
      with the encephalocele and evaluating ventricular dilatation.

PMID- 1080574
TI  - Accuracy of brain scanning in pediatric craniocerebral neoplasms.
AB  - A total of 2,563 children were studied by cerebral radionclide angiography,
      immediate postinjection blood-pool imaging, and delayed 2- to 4-hr. brain
      scanning. Of 110 new neoplasms of the brain or skull examined, 90% were detected
      by these means. The scan did not appear to be as accurate in craniopharyngiomas
      (6/10) and brainstem tumors (5/6). Thirty-nine recurrent tumors not studied
      previously all produced positive brain scans. Meticulous positioning of the
      pediatric patient is necessary at all times for accurate results.

PMID- 1080575
TI  - [Prinzmetal's variant form of angina pectoris: surgical treatments and mechanism
      of attack (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080576
TI  - Proflavine inactivation of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid irreversibly by
      dialysis.

PMID- 1080577
TI  - [Gastro-duodenoscopy: indications and value].

PMID- 1080578
TI  - 48 year old female with known hypertension and sudden onset of a loud murmur and
      congestive heart failure.

PMID- 1080579
TI  - Alpha1 antitrypsin levels in chronic obstructive lung disease and pulmonary
      tuberculosis in Singapore.

PMID- 1080580
TI  - The diagnosis and management of accidental haemorrhage with associated
      coagulopathy.
AB  - An approach to the diagnosis and management of accidental haemorrhage with
      associated coagulation failure is discussed and outlined. It is stressed that
      special investigations play a minor role in planning management. The main aim
      should be to achieve rapid delivery, preferably via the vaginal route. About 50%
      of these cases are associated with uterine atony and inertia. This is probably
      due to raised local and circulating levels of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation
      products (FDP). In such cases uterine activity can be restored by the
      administration of large intravenous doses of Trasylol (Bayer). Life-endangering
      complications such as acute respiratory and renal failure should be prevented by
      prophylactic management and by treatment aimed at rapid delivery. The indications
      for Caesarean section are outlined. The need for careful assessment prior to
      discharge of these patients and for re-assessment throughout the puerperium is
      stressed.

PMID- 1080581
TI  - Shunt operations for portal hypertension.

PMID- 1080582
TI  - [Problems in the treatment of joing diseases (according to data of the 4th
      Congress of Rheumatologists GDR, Weimar, September 11-13, 1974)].

PMID- 1080583
TI  - [Activity of toloxatone, antidepressive agents and various other reserpine
      antagonists on three behavior tests, in the mouse treated with nialamide].

PMID- 1080584
TI  - [Plastic enlargement of the left ventricular outflow tract. A new operative
      method (author's  transl)].
AB  - A new operative technic for widening the stenotic left ventricular outflow ("left
      ventricular tunnel") is described and a clinical case is reported. A vertical
      incision along the anterior aspect of the aorta descends with a slight angle
      across the outflow tract of the right ventricle. After aortic valvectomy the
      ventricular septum is cut between the left and right coronary commissure through
      its full thickness and the incision extended inferiorly across the stenotic area.
      A dacron patch is sewn into the gap of the septum and aortotomy in order to widen
      the area of previous stenosis and prosthetic replacement of the aortic valve is
      performed. Finally another dacron patch is used to close the defect in the right
      ventricular outflow tract.

PMID- 1080585
TI  - [Interruption of the aortic arch with tetralogy of Fallot. Report of a successful
      one-stage correction of both anomalies, and review of the literature (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In a ten year old girl, a combination of interruption of the aortic arch (IAA)
      and tetralogy of Fallot was corrected simultaneously using cardiopulmonary
      bypass. The interruption was bypassed by implantation of the proximal end of the
      left subclavian artery into the ascending aorta. The simultaneous correction of
      both malformations was possible by a left anterolateral transsternal thoracotomy.
      The success of this operation was confirmed by cardiac cathetherization and
      angiography. As far as we know this the first report of a successful simultaneous
      correction of this unusual combination of cardiac malformations.

PMID- 1080586
TI  - [Surgical treatment of acute dissection of the ascending aorta (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Since 1959, 51 patients underwent open heart surgery for correction of acute
      dissection of the ascending aorta. Upon admission 33 patients were severely
      hypotensive or in porgressive heart failure. Acute aortic insufficiency was found
      in 24 patients, and hemiplegia or hemiparesis in 4. In 45 patients the ascending
      aorta was reconstructed with a woven graft. After excision of the dissected part
      of the aorta primary anastomosis or patch aortoplasty was performed in 6
      patients. The aortic valve remained intact in 26 cases, and resuspension of the
      commissures restored competence of the aortic valve in another 9 patients.
      Sixteen patients required aortic valve replacement because of disrupture of the
      commissures. Dissection extended into the coronary ostia in 5 cases.
      Reconstruction of the coronary system was accomplished by reimplantation of the
      ostia, interposition of a vein graft or aorto-coronary bypass. Nine patients died
      within the early postoperative course from uncontrollable hemorrhage (4), further
      dissection (3) and myocardial infarction (2). Within the first year after surgery
      another 5 patients died from acute aortic dissection (2), pseudomonas-infection
      causing rupture of the proximal graft anastomosis (1), and myocardial infarction
      (2). The contraindications of antihypertensive treatment of actue dissection of
      the ascending aorta are discussed. We recommend prompt surgical intervention in
      acute dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta.

PMID- 1080587
TI  - [4th Annual Convention of the German Society for Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular
      Surgery, February 20-22, 1975, in Bad Nauheim].

PMID- 1080588
TI  - [Surgery of emphysematous bullae and pulmonary cysts (author's transl)].
AB  - Following a survey of operations performed at the Ruhrland clinic, particular
      reference is made to the surgical treatment of emphysematous bullae and pulmonary
      cysts. In these cases, the frequent occurrence of a pneumothorax must here be
      mentioned. These large bullae are however frequently and incorrectly diagnosed as
      a pneumothorax. The treatment of these emphysematous bullae, which often occur on
      both sides of the thorax, is by means of a bilateral axillary thoracotomy. This
      operation can be carried out in one session, provided a distinct improvement of
      the pulmonal functions is expected.

PMID- 1080589
TI  - [Surgical therapy of bronchiectasy and its results (author's transl)].
AB  - 69 patients suffering from bronchiectasies underwent surgery at the II. Surgical
      Clinic of the University of Vienna from 1958 to 1972. Analysis of results
      revealed three groups: 1. 67% of the patients cured completely, 2. 23%
      significantly improved, 3. 10% no improvement. The evaluation of spirometric
      measurements of not improved patients showed extensive preoperative obstructive
      ventilation disturbance.

PMID- 1080590
TI  - [Tracheal-stenosis in neonates, infants and small children (author's transl)].
AB  - By modern technics of investigation and treatment cases of stenosis of the
      trachea even in neonates and infants are found. These are to be treated with all
      modern possibilities including resection for tumors. New types of tracheal
      stenosis are detected.

PMID- 1080591
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of pulmonary sequestration (author's transl)].
AB  - Pulmonary sequestration is a rare malformation which is characterised by lacking
      connection to the bronchial system and by atypical arterial blood supply.
      Unidentifiable tumorous, cystic or infiltrative lung diseases, especially of the
      lower lobes, should always lead to aortography to exclude pulmonary
      sequestration.

PMID- 1080592
TI  - [Operative treatment of intralobar pulmonary sequestration (author's transl)].
AB  - Among 2700 thoracotomies at the Ruhrlandklinik Essen we have operated eight cases
      of intralobar pulmonary sequestration. The malformation was found to be situated
      four times in the left lower lobe, three times in the right lower lobe, and one
      time in the middle lobe. The only way of curing the suffering consists of
      surgical interference. At six of eight cases we had to performe a lobectomy, two
      patients with obviously demarcated alterations have been treated by an
      exstirpation.

PMID- 1080593
TI  - [Surgical treatment of hyperplastic inborn failures of the lung (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A very rare hyperplastic inborn failure regarding construction of the lung is the
      accessory lung. It will be reported of an accessory lung in the left mediastinum
      (without connection to the bronchial system) and of a trachea-accessory lung
      (with connection to the bronchial system). Both cases had caused symptoms which
      required a surgical elimination of the accessory tissue. In the first case the
      left lung had been displaced due to the production of secretion - formation cyst.
      In the second case the unsufficient secretion flow off had caused repeated
      pneumonia and formation of bronchiectasis.

PMID- 1080594
TI  - [Pulmonary varices (author's transl)].
AB  - In world literature up to now 41 cases of pulmonary varices have been described.
      Two own cases showed particulars in so far as one patient had an internal fistula
      between a varix in the base of the upper lobe of the lung and another varix in
      the apex of the lower lobe. Besides a varix the second patient had an AV-fistula
      in the right middle lobe. Already pre-operatively either case was diagnosed as
      vascular anomaly by angiography. By injecting the contrast medium into the
      vessels of the resection specimen a clear representation of the varices could be
      obtained.

PMID- 1080595
TI  - [Diangosis and treatment of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula in infancy (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas are seldom diagnosed in infancy because of few
      signs and symptoms in early life. The clinical picture is due to the right-to
      left shunt and includes dyspnea, cyanosis, polycythemia, clubbing, and murmur
      over the fistula. The diagnosis can be suspected by demonstration of a typical
      density on chest X-ray. It can be established by angiocardiography. Because of
      the life-threatening complications resectional treatment is recommended already
      in infancy. A case is reported, diagnosed on the second day of life by
      angiocardiography and treated 3 months later by lobectomy.

PMID- 1080596
TI  - [Solitary pulmonary arteriovenous fistula in infancy and childhood (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is not a rare congenital malformation, but
      obviously most often it is a very late diagnosis. Moreover the disease is
      associated with a high risk of serious complications, namely cerebrovascular
      accidents. Two patients, an one month old infant and an 8 years old boy with
      typical symptoms and signs are presented. Both of them were operated upon
      successfully. It is concluded, that the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary
      arteriovenous fistula should lead to immediate operation, which is technically
      easy and of low risk only, even in infancy. Conservative surgery is recommended
      without sacrifice of healthy lung tissue, i.e. local excision or segmental
      resection in subpleural lesions and lobectomy for deep-seated fistulas.

PMID- 1080597
TI  - [The congenital lobar emphysema--a case of emergency for the thoracical surgery
      during the early infancy (author's transl)].
AB  - The congenital lobar emphysema is a not very often found malformation. It causes
      during the first respirations a excessive, almost unilateral, segmental or lobar
      expansion. This ensues quickly a unilateral, intrathoracic high pressure with
      atelectasis, displacement of the mediastinum to the otherside and following
      extensive respiratory and circulatory derangements. The fully developed syndrom
      may lead to death very quickly. If diagnosis is assured, therapy of choice is to
      resect the involved parts of the lung.

PMID- 1080598
TI  - [Lobar emphysema: differential diagnosis and treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - Lobar emphysema with acute severe respiratory distress is predominately seen in
      early infancy while the few cases after one year of age usually show signs of
      recurrent respiratory infection. Several conditions causing increased
      transparency on one side of the chest x-ray must be be differentiated. In case of
      emergency the simple chest x-ray must be sufficient for diagnosis. In this
      situation even the performance of a diagnostic thoracotomy can become necessary.
      The removal of the affected lobe is the treatment of choice. 6 cases of lobar
      emphysema are reported.

PMID- 1080599
TI  - [Differentiated surgical therapy in congenital lobar emphysema (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a clinical and radiological entity with a
      multiplicity of etiological factors. Six patients are presented with CLE of the
      left upper lobe. In three of them CLE was associated with cardiovascular
      malformation i.e. persisting ductus arteriosus and in one case additionally with
      double aortic arch. These infants were treated by division of the compressing
      vascular structure without lobectomy. Only one required secondary resection. Left
      sided CLE presumably caused by vascular compression should be considered a
      special group in which surgical correction without lung resection is justified.

PMID- 1080600
TI  - Congenital lobar emphysema.
AB  - 43 patients with congenital lobar emphysema were treated surgically at the
      Thoracic Unit, Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London, between
      1954 and 1974. Nearly half of the infants had additional congenital anomalies. 7
      children died after operation.

PMID- 1080601
TI  - [The transsternal and transpericardial approach for surgical treatment of
      fistulas of the main bronchus after pneumonectomy (author's transl)].
AB  - The management of bronchopleural fistula after lung resection is discussed. The
      transsternal and transpericardial approach for surgical treatment of fistulas of
      the main bronchus after pneumonectomy is described. In 4 cases of 2000 lung
      resections occurred a bronchopleural fistula after right pneumonectomy. In all
      cases the fistula was closed definitive. In one case developed a fistula between
      the pleural space and the oesophagus after operation.

PMID- 1080602
TI  - [Transbronchial brush biopsy under TV-fluoroscopy control (author's transl)].
AB  - Transbronchial brush biopsy is indicated when routine methods fail to establish
      the diagnosis of a pulmonary lesion. More than 50 biopsies have been performed
      without complications. The diagnostic accuracy of about 50% positive reports will
      definitively improve with the better selection of cases and with greater
      experience with this technique.

PMID- 1080603
TI  - [Histological and histochemical evaluation of the cellular infiltration of s.c.
      implanted sparks prothesis. Experiments on rats (authors transl)].
AB  - Sparks-prothesis of 3 mm diameter were implanted into inbred rats and withdrawn
      after one to ten weeks. They were then fixed in Formalin and embedded in Paraffin
      and Metachrylat. After cutting (2.5 mu), the histological and histochemical
      parameters were examined. Cellular infiltration was studied after a certain
      period of time. The basic results of the genesis of that infiltration are given
      as follows: during the first two weeks following the s.c. implantation, derivates
      of monocytes (cells which play an imminent and important role during arterial
      replacement) were found. After the third and fourth week collagenous and elastic
      fibers could be seen, the connective tissue became stronger. The most favorable
      time for grafting can be evaluated by these experiments.

PMID- 1080604
TI  - [Radiographic in vivo visualization of parts of the ventricular conduction system
      of the heart (author's transl)].
AB  - The in vivo tolerability of an in vitro in cow, calf and sheep hearts developed
      method for radiographic visualization of parts of the ventricular conduction
      system is tested in animal experiments.

PMID- 1080605
TI  - [Instantaneous blood flow velocity profiles before and after aortic valve
      replacement (author's transl)].
AB  - In 17 patients the instantaneous velocity profile was recorded before and after
      aortic valve replacement (Starr-Edwards, Bjork-Shiley, Lillehei-Kaster). A single
      gated pulsed Doppler Ultrasonic flownmeter was used for analysis. Distal of these
      valves a flat flow profile was recorded showing high velocity gradients near the
      walls. As a main cause of this, numerous eddies and turbulent flow have been
      suggested. Downstream of a Starr valve a flat profile appears with a slowing down
      of forward flow just behind the ball. The disk valves Lillehei-Kaster and Bjork
      Shiley demonstrated a higher flow velocity in direction to the larger opening.
      The "in vivo" studies have been supported by "in vitro" measurements. The highest
      flow velocities were above 100 cm/sec and thus, according to Reynolds definition,
      in the turbulent range. The turbulent flow produces a washing effect, which is
      emphasized during the cardiac cycle. The importance of these data can be
      discussed by clinical results only.

PMID- 1080606
TI  - [Ultrasound transit-time method for evaluation of regional myocardial function
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The validity of an ultrasound transit-time method for defining local function was
      evaluated under experimental conditions in the anaesthetized open chest dog.
      Miniaturized piezoelectric crystals (1,5-2 mm phi) functioning as emitters and
      receivers were inserted into different depths of the myocardium to study the
      contraction patterns of defined muscle segments in different muscle layers and
      the dynamic changes of left ventricular wall thickness during the heart cycle.
      Changes in myocardial function were induced by coronary stenosis or occlusion and
      by the application of drugs. This method was shown to be a sensible and reliable
      tool for the evaluation of local myocardial function.

PMID- 1080607
TI  - [The effects of left ventricular distention on coronary blood flow and myocardial
      metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass (author's transl)].
AB  - These studies show that distention of the fibrillating left ventricle during
      cardiopulmonary bypass impedes subendocardial flow and causes myocardial
      ischemia. While myocardial oxygen requirements increase when the heart becomes
      distended (La Place relationship) the elevated intracavitary pressure acts as a
      counterforce to subendocardial flow and prevents it from increasing sufficiently
      to meet these increased metabolic demands. The resultant ischemia is accentuated
      when the fibrillation is maintained electrically, since the fibrillating stimulus
      itself impedes subendocardial flow and causes ischemia.

PMID- 1080608
TI  - [Regional myocardial blood flow and left ventricular function in critical
      coronary stenosis and after coronary artery bypass grafting in the dog (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 7 mongrel dogs myocardial ischemia is produced by means of an ameroid
      constrictor placed on the left circumflex coronary artery (CCA). Myocardial blood
      flow (MBF) is diminished by 56% in an area of 25% of the anterior wall of the
      left ventricle. A decrease in dp/dtmax suggests a small depression of left
      ventricular function. After bypass operation the slight changes in EDP, dp/dtmax
      and Vmax indicate no significant improvement of total ventricular function. MBF
      increases from 42 +/- 10 ml/100 g/min to 67 +/- 21 ml/100 g/min (p smaller than
      0.02) in the area supplied by the bypass. In this region intramyocardial pressure
      rises significantly suggesting improvement of regional myocardial function.

PMID- 1080609
TI  - [Coronary circulation and myocardial oxygen cosumption after cardioplegic arrest
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Coronary blood flow, myocardial oxygen consumption, and cardiac hemodynamics was
      measured before and after cardiopulmonary bypass in two group of patients (7 and
      4) with minor congenital heart disease where cardiac arrest was induced by means
      of "cardioplegin" or "external surface cooling" (Shumway). Only myocardial oxygen
      consumption was reduced 20% after bypass in the "cardioplegin" group; all other
      measured parameters remained essentially constant.

PMID- 1080610
TI  - [Metabolism and ultrastructure of magnesium aspartate-procaine arrested hearts of
      rabbit and man (author's transl)].
AB  - In normothermia, mild, and deep hypothermia the metabolism and the electron
      microscopic structure were investigated in human and rabbit heart muscle after
      magnesium aspartate-procaine cardioplegia. In comparison to plain ischaemic
      arrest splitting of adenine nucleotides and glycogen was significantly reduced in
      all experiments with the induced cardioplegic arrest. For 40 min at 32 degrees C
      almost no changes in ultrastructure were seen in heart muscle after induced
      arrest, while severe and/or irreversible damages were seen in the cell structure
      of the heart muscle due to plain ischaemic arrest.

PMID- 1080611
TI  - [The effect of ischemic and cardioplegic heart standstill on the myocard
      metabolism in normal and less perfused heart (author's transl)].
AB  - The tolerance of ischemia in normal and less perfused myocard during an ischemic
      and cardioplegic heart standstill was investigated. A decrease of ATP and ADP and
      an increase of the lactate, pyruvate and AMP was established during an ischemia
      of 20 minutes. The less perfused hearts gave considerably worse results regarding
      the energy transformation than normal hearts. In less perfused hearts the energy
      reserve of myocardial metabolism showed a considerably better behaviour during a
      cardioplegic heart standstill of 45 minutes than an ischemic one of 20 minutes.
      During the recuperation period this trend was emphasised.

PMID- 1080612
TI  - Complement-activating properties of some rat alloantibodies.
AB  - The complement-activating property of immune sera, and of separated 19S and 7S
      antibody fractions, was examined with a number of rat histocompatibility antigen
      alloantibody systems. It was confirmed that xenogeneic sera are very efficient
      sources of complement in the in vitro immune cytolysis of rat lymphocytes and
      erythrocytes by the alloantibodies of 19S and 7S classes. However, with
      allogeneic complement only 7S alloantibodies were able to lyse rat lymphocytes,
      and none of several alloimmune sera, nor any fractions derived from them, lysed
      allogeneic erythrocytes. The evidence suggests that the popular notion that IgM
      antibodies, as a class, are more efficient than IgG molecules in complement
      mediated cell lysis may need qualification as to the source of complement and the
      type of target cell used in a given-experimental system.

PMID- 1080613
TI  - Functional characterization of membrane components of cytotoxic peritoneal
      exudate T lymphocytes. II. Trypsin sensitivity of the killer cell receptor.
AB  - Studies were carried out to investigate the nature of the lymphocyte membrane
      receptor involved in the specific lysis of [51Cr]EL4 target cells by BALB/c
      cytotoxic peritoneal exudate lymphocytes (PEL) in vitro. In confirmation of
      earlier related studies, the cytolytic reaction is markedly inhibited by trypsin
      treatment (1 mg of trypsin/10(6) PEL/ml; 37 C for 30 min) of the PEL. Trypsinized
      PEL recover their cytolytic activity after 6 hr of incubation in trypsin-free
      medium at 37 C; recovery is suppressed at 4 C. Significantly, trypsinization of
      PEL inhibits their ability to adsorb to EL4 target monolayers, indicating that
      lymphocyte-target cell binding is a trypsinsensitive step of the cytolytic
      interaction. Specificity of binding for EL4 is restored upon recovery from
      trypsin treatment. In addition, trypsin treatment, under conditions sufficient to
      inhibit cytolysis, causes a drastic nonspecific deletion of iodinatable membrane
      species from the surface of PEL. Thus, a direct correlation between altered
      cytolytic function and membrane structure cannot be made. Interestingly,
      trypsinized PEL retain the capacity to kill EL4 to which they are agglutinated by
      concanavalin-A, suggesting that the lytic mechanism, as distinguished from the
      binding receptor, is still intact. Papain and pronase also have an inhibitory
      effect on cytolysis, while neuraminidase causes a significant augmentation of
      lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis.

PMID- 1080614
TI  - Inhibition of binding between cytotoxic (T) lymphocytes and tumor target cells by
      inhibitors of energy metabolism.

PMID- 1080615
TI  - [Clinical and immunological aspects of type I dysgammaglobulinemia].

PMID- 1080616
TI  - Porcine intestinal adenomatosis: a possible relationship with necrotic enteritis,
      regional ileitis and proliferative haemorrhagic enteropathy.
AB  - Necrotic enteritis and regional ileitis are recognised causes of sporadic death
      in pigs. In both conditions, the intestinal mucosa harbours the bacterium,
      Campylobacter sputorum subsp mucosalis, which was first associated with procine
      intestinal adenomatosis.

PMID- 1080617
TI  - B- and T-cells in canine lymphosarcoma.

PMID- 1080618
TI  - Health interview survey 1957-1974.

PMID- 1080619
TI  - Physician visits: volume and interval since last visit. United States - 1971.

PMID- 1080620
TI  - [Notes to the surgical treatment of ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1080621
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of acute hemorrhages from the upper digestive tract (with
      special reference to venous bleeding)].

PMID- 1080622
TI  - [Acute gastric hemorrhage and secondary acute bleeding ulcer at the site of
      gastrojejunostomy as a complication of influenza].

PMID- 1080623
TI  - [Cerebral organization of human emotions].

PMID- 1080624
TI  - Electron microscopic study on the immunological response of thymus after
      antigenic stimulation.

PMID- 1080625
TI  - [Intestinal disorders due to hepatic arterial steal. Report of a case and review
      of the literature (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080626
TI  - [Haemocholecyst induced by gangrenous cholecystitis in a diabetic (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1080627
TI  - Antidepressant agents. V. 1,1-Dimethyl-omega,omega-diphenylalkylamines.

PMID- 1080628
TI  - [Lymphocyte population (T and B lymphocytes) in the peripheral blood of healthy
      controls and in various dermatoses (preliminary report)].

PMID- 1080629
TI  - Serum enzyme changes following coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1080630
TI  - Serum trypsin inhibitory capacity and pi phenotypes. II. Prevalence of alpha1
      antitrypsin deficiency in an allergy population.
AB  - A series of 138 patients seen consecutively in an adult allergy clinic were
      studied to determine serum alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) levels and protease
      inhibitor (Pi) phenotypes. These were compared with a control group of 700
      healthy young adult blood donors. Both total serum trypsin inhibitory capacity
      (STIC) and alpha1-AT levels as determined by immunoelectrophoresis (IEP) were
      measured. Phenotypes were determined by antigen-antibody-crossed IEP. Alpha1-AT
      levels in the allergy group were not significantly different from control values.
      STIC in the allergy group was 1.34 +/- 0.28 mg. trypsin inhibited per ml. serum
      and in the controls, 1.32 +/- 0.28 mg. IEP values were 205 +/- vs. 200 +/- 36 mg.
      per dl. Similarly, no increase in Pi phenotypes known to be related to any
      disease state was observed. Since Pi phenotypes other than the most common MM are
      rare in Negro populations, phenotype data were corrected to include only
      Caucasian subjects. In the allergy group adjusted for racial composition we found
      2.86% MZ, 5.72% MS; no SZ, SS or ZZ was detected. A comparable control  group
      contained 3.68% MZ, 6.23% MS, 0.71% SZ-SS, but no ZZ Pi phenotype.

PMID- 1080631
TI  - Parenteral aspirin produces and enhances gastric mucosal lesions and bleeding in
      rats.
AB  - The effect of parenteral sodium acetylsalicylate (Na ASA) on the development of
      gastric mucosal lesions and bleeding was studied in control rats and in rats
      subjected to cold-restraint stress. Although both doses of Na ASA studied, 15 and
      60 mg/kg intraperitoneally, alone resulted in lesion formation, only with the
      larger dose did this reach the level of statistical significance. However both
      doses of Na ASA alone significantly increased blood loss as measured by a
      decrease in hematocrit value. The administration of Na ASA 15 MG/kg
      intraperitoneally to animals subjected to cold-restraint significantly increased
      blood loss, but not lesion formation, while the larger dose of Na ASA
      significantly increased both parameters. Thus parenteral aspirin not only can
      cause gastric mucosal damage and bleeding, but it can enhance lesion formation
      and blood loss produced by cold-restraint. Two mechanisms may be involved: a
      smaller dose of Na ASA significantly affecting hemostasis but a larger dose being
      required for gastric mucosal damage.

PMID- 1080632
TI  - Morphology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and its relationship to survival.
AB  - The morphology of lymphocytes in blood and bone marrow from patients with chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia was studied; blood lymphocyte morphology was related to
      survival. Three primary morphologic groups emerged. Group 1 was characterized by
      small to medium-sized lymphocytes with narrow rims of cytoplasm and coarsely
      clumped nuclear chromatin. In group II the predominant lymphocytes were large
      with abundant cytoplasm. Group III was characterized by a heterogeneous
      population of lymphocytes with characteristics of both groups I and II. Clinical
      features of the patients were studied, and B and T typing of the lymphocytes was
      done. The median survival in group I was 26+ months; in group II 46+ months; and
      in group III 50+ months. Our data are at variance with previous reports and
      suggest that survival in patients with large lymphocytes is longer than in those
      with small lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080633
TI  - New diagnostic pseudoisochromatic plates for dichromats based on subtractive
      color matches.
AB  - Further subtractive color matches obtained with the Lovibond Tintometer have
      confirmed the convergence data for dichromats obtained in a previous study. The
      characteristic color confusions obtained for 15 protanopes and 15 deuteranopes
      have been used in the selection of pairs of inks for use in the production of new
      screen-printed pseudoisochromatic plates incorporating geometric symbols and
      minimum form parameters. The success of these diagnostic plates is found to
      depend both on the careful selection of the inks to lie upon appropriate
      pseudoisochromatic lines but also on the reflected luminance contrast between the
      symbol and the background matrix of dots.

PMID- 1080634
TI  - Alteratons in RNA synthesis in lymphotoxin-treated target cells.
AB  - Lymphotoxin, a cellular mediator produced in vitro by antigen- or mitogen
      stimulated lymphocytes, is capable of lysing various types of cells. We have
      shown that highly purified lymphotoxin preparations both mediate cytolysis and
      stimulate RNA synthesis in target cells. When RNA extracts from lymphotoxin
      treated cells were examined by means of sucrose density gradient centrifugation,
      we observed a general increase in RNA synthesis, accentuated in species larger
      than 28S. Analysis on oligo(dT)-cellulose columns revealed a relatively larger
      increase in adenine-rich m-RNA. In concordance with this finding, we observed a
      moderate increase in RNA polymerase I (nucleolar) activity and a striking
      increase in RNA polymerase II (nucleoplasmic) activity in isolated nuclei of
      lymphotoxin-treated target cells.

PMID- 1080635
TI  - Optically induced eye torsion. II. Optostatic and optokinetic cycloversion.
AB  - Using a synoptophore and an objective photographic method, it was demonstrated
      that the eyes undergo a tonic cycloversion under the influence of a pattern with
      slanting stripes. A slight tilt with respect to the vertical had a greater effect
      than a tilt with respect to the horizontal. The maximum amplitude was of the
      order of 1 degree. This optostatic eye torsion is considered to be the optomotor
      analogue of the "ophthalmostatic" otolithic reflex. Optokinetic torsion was also
      investigated. To this end, rotating discs that were divided into sectors were
      presented in a synoptophore. The maximum amplitude observed in the 4 subjects was
      6 degrees. Optokinetic torsion may be viewed as the optical superstructure above
      the semicircular canal reflex. Non-fusional cyclovergence, for which purpose
      counter-inclined or counter rotating contours were presented to both eyes, could
      not be demonstrated with certainty.

PMID- 1080636
TI  - The influence of topically applied bethanidine on intraocular pressure and pupil
      in the rabbit.
AB  - Bethanidine sulphate was administered topically to the eyes of conscious rabbits
      using a 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 5% solution of the drug. The intraocular pressures and
      pupil sizes were measured in the right treated and left control eyes at 0,1,2,3,
      6 and 24 hrs. With all concentrations a pressure decrease with a maximum between
      3 and 6 hrs after topical treatment occured. The 5% solution of bethanidine
      sulphate showed a delayed effect which was submaximal when compared to the 2%
      bethanidine solution. Using the 1% and 2% solution a ppressure decrease probably
      due to systemic action of the drug happened in the untreated control eyes. In all
      experiments the pressure responses had disappeared after 24 hrs in the treated
      and untreated eyes respectively. By means of the experimental conditions in this
      study no significant pupillary reactions were found after bethanidine
      application. The tension effect of 0.5% adrenaline borate remained essentially
      unchanged when repeated with additional 1% topical bethanidine. Some aspects of
      sympatholytic drug action on the intraocular pressure in the rabbit are
      discussed.

PMID- 1080637
TI  - Neonatal herpes simplex retinitis.
AB  - Pathologic material from an acute case of neonatal herpes simplex retinitis is
      presented. There was marked necrosis of all retinal layers including the pigment
      epithelium. Choroid and vitreous appeared only secondarily involved. The retinal
      necrosis was sharply delineated stopping at the ora serrata. We interpret this as
      being more compatible with an immunologically determined process than with direct
      infection. Indirect evidence for this viewpoint is the failure to find any
      evidence of virus in the retina, such as inclusion bodies, by electron microscopy
      or by fluorescent antibody staining.

PMID- 1080638
TI  - Activated human retinal microglia under pathological conditions.
AB  - Six pathological human retinas were studied in order to establish changes,
      migration, and other reactions of retinal microglia. The different morphological
      features of other retinal macrophages are also described. Hortega silver
      carbonate stain was used for this study. This investigation aided in answering
      some questions on the active movements of microglia elements and other details
      under discussion.

PMID- 1080639
TI  - [The proof of different types of collagen in the bovine eye (author's transl)].
AB  - Characteristically stained polyacrylamide gels can be obtained by disk
      electrophoresis in acid medium of several tissues of the bovine eye. The
      technique permits to prove different types of collagen in the eye, and allows the
      differentiation and identification of the tissues. By these results the different
      tissues of the eye can be divided into three groups. 1. Tissues showing two alpha
      collagen components in polyacrylamide gel (cornea, sclera, iris, ciliary body,
      anterior lens capsule, and the pigmented epithelium of the retina). 2. Tissues
      possessing one alpha component only (zonula fiber and vitreous body). 3. Tissues
      which show neither the alpha nor the beta and gamma component of collagen (lens
      nucleous and retina without pigmented epithelium).

PMID- 1080640
TI  - Subconjunctival injection of antilymphocyte serum during corneal hypersensitivity
      to heterologous alubmin.
AB  - Thirty-two rabbits were immunized by subcutaneous human serum albumin in Freund's
      adjuvant and challenged after four weeks by intracorneal injection in both eyes.
      On a random and blind basis, one of the eyes in each animal received three
      consecutive injections of antilymphocyte serum obtained from rats and the other
      eye the same dose of normal rat serum. Statistical analysis of results showed no
      significant difference between both treatments. Two eyes treated with
      antilymphocyte serum had limbal necrosis with uveal prolapse.

PMID- 1080641
TI  - Penetration of amikacin into the aphakic eye.
AB  - An experiment was designed to see if an aminoglycoside antibiotic, amikacin,
      would penetrate the vitreous of rabbits in greater concentrations in the
      postoperative aphakic eye than in the normal eye. Phakic and aphakic eyes were
      treated with amikacin by topical, subconjunctival, and intramuscular methods
      separately and combined. Bioassays of aqueous, anterior vitreous, and posterior
      vitreous revealed that concentrations of amikacin in ocular fluids after
      intramuscular administration were greater in the aphakic eye as compared to the
      normal eye; however, concentrations in the vitreous did not reach reliably
      bactericidal concentrations even when all three methods of administration were
      combined.

PMID- 1080642
TI  - Photocoagulation of angioma of the eyelid.
AB  - An infant with a large hemangioma (strawberry mark with a cavernous component) of
      the eyelid was successfully treated with photocoagulation. The method resulted in
      rapid involution of the lesion and the visual function of the involved eye could
      be preserved. A similar treatment in a case with strawberry mark and another with
      pigmented nevus in the eyelid brought about excellent cosmetic results.

PMID- 1080643
TI  - Ultrastructural features of posterior vitreous detachment.
AB  - The ultrastructural features of vitreoretinal relations in the posterior fundus
      of enucleated eyes were studied. Vitreous detachment occurs at the anatomical
      vitreoretinal juncture, between the inner limiting lamina of the retina and the
      vitreous cortex, the surface of the lamina becoming smooth and without vitreous
      residues.

PMID- 1080644
TI  - Histopathology after vitrectomy with the vitrophage.
AB  - A 72-year-old adult-onset diabetic woman underwent vitrectomy with the vitrophage
      because of persistent vitreous hemorrhage. Postoperatively a hyphema developed
      and elevation of intraocular pressure was refractory to medical management.
      Intraocular pressure was controllable within normal limits after vitreous lavage.
      Eleven days after vitreous lavage the patient died from pulmonary embolization.
      Histologic sections demonstrated a flat pars plana over the sclerotomy site with
      vitreous condensation along the internal aspect of the wound. Rubeosis iridis was
      postulated as the source of the hyphema. A hemolytic mechanism may have caused
      the elevated intraocular pressure.

PMID- 1080645
TI  - [Signs, therapy and follow-up of cases with pure blow-out fractures of the orbit
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 30 patients with blow-out fractures were referred to our clinic because of
      serious "eye troubles", most frequently diplopia and haematoma of the eye lids
      (Table 1). The signs of the characteristic oculomotor imbalance are described. In
      10 out of 29 patients motility was normalised spontaneously within 2 weeks. 19
      patients underwent surgery because one of the following criteria was fulfilled:
      1. Diplopia and positive traction-test not resolving within 10 days. 2. Large
      hermiation into the antrum. We believe, that posttraumatic diplopia is not only a
      result of the incarceration, but also of a direct laesion of muscles and
      connective tissue. Surgery was done by orbital approach. After reposition of
      antral prolaps and the bony fragment we used Lyodura or, when nessessary, silicon
      implants. In all patients treated in this way ocular motility was improved, but
      normalisation was achieved only in 8 cases (Fig. 8).

PMID- 1080646
TI  - [The sources of ophthalmodynamography. Determination of tissue volumes of human
      lids and orbital contents (author's transl)].
AB  - The volumetric determination of all those tissues relevant for
      Opthalmodynamography (ODG) showed the lids to contribute about a quarter to the
      total volume; another quarter each was due to the optic bulb including optic
      fascicel, external bulbar musculature and orbital fat. Bulb and fascicel show no
      pulsations that could be detected oscillographically, fat tissue is poorly
      vascularized and therefore is of minor importance in respect to the origin of
      pulsation. The main causes of ODG-oscillations therefore are external eye muscels
      and eye lids, each contributing a minimum of one third to the heights of the
      pulse. Assuming all tissues of possible importance for the origin of ODG to be
      equally well vascularized the part of ODG pulse height due to influence of eye
      lids is minimally 25% or 32% in the average.

PMID- 1080647
TI  - [Evidence and meaning of monophasic potentials in the electromyogram of
      extraocular muscles of rabbits and cats (author's transl)].
AB  - The EMG of extraocular muscles of rabbits and cats was recorded by a concentric
      needle electrode provided for clinical use. The EMG showed spike activity (at
      least biphasic, fast waves of 1 to 2 msec duration) and characteristic long
      duration monophasic waves (decline for up to 7 msec). The monophasic potentials
      are interpreted as local depolarizations arising at the nerve-muscle junctions of
      multiply innervated muscle fibers. Spike- and monophasic potentials are
      discharged in independent rhythms whose frequency changes when the head position
      is altered. The frequency of spike- and monophasic potentials are changed in the
      same direction by labyrinthine reflexes. Spontaneous monophasic potentials
      recruit at a lower threshold.

PMID- 1080648
TI  - In vitro estrone-estradiol-17beta interconversion in the cornea, lens, iris and
      retina of the rabbit eye.
AB  - Estrone and estradiol-17beta were incubated with various eye tissues of female
      rabbits. The interconversion of both estrogenes by the action of 17beta
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase decreased in the sequence cornea, iris, retina, and
      lens. In a smaller yield estradiol-17alpha was also formed from estrone. The
      cornea seems to be an active estrogen-metabolizing tissue. The role of estrogens
      and progestogens in the tissues of the anterior eye segment is briefly discussed.

PMID- 1080649
TI  - [Significance of auto-antibodies in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1080650
TI  - [Portal hypertension. Porto-systemic shunts].

PMID- 1080651
TI  - Physical properties of sputum. VII. Rheologic properties and mucociliary
      transport.
AB  - Sputums from bronchitic patients were measured for viscosity and elastic recoil
      and then placed on an isolated frog pharyngeal palate to study the velocity of
      transport by beating mucosal cilia. Purulent sputum, as a group, demonstrated a
      higher viscosity and a lower elastic recoil, and was transported at a slower rate
      than mucoid samples of low viscosity and high recoil. Indigenous frog mucus,
      collected and reapplied to the palate, had the lowest viscosity, the highest
      elastic recoil, and the fastest transport rate. Thus, it was concluded that high
      elastic recoil and low viscosity represent the best rheologic combination for
      maximal velocity by a mucociliary system.

PMID- 1080652
TI  - The cytolytic action of thymus-derived lymphocytes with reference to the
      destruction of connective tissue.

PMID- 1080653
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity: its modulation by x-rays. Effect of x-irradiation on T
      lymphocyte numbers and function.

PMID- 1080654
TI  - Suppressor T cells as regulators of lymphocyte functions.

PMID- 1080655
TI  - Corticosteroid inhibition of chemotactic lymphokine production by T and B
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080656
TI  - Rapid detection of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae and their
      susceptibility to sixteen antibiotics.
AB  - Ampicillin-resistant and -susceptible strains of Haemophilus influenzae were
      tested for susceptibility to 16 antibiotics. Chloramphenicol and a new
      cephalosporin, cefamandole, were most active with minimal inhibitory
      concentrations (MICs) for all bacteria tested between 0.5 to 2.0 mug/ml. All but
      two organisms were susceptible to tetracycline. Ampicillin-resistant strains of
      H. influenzae were less susceptible (MIC, 4 to 32 mug/ml) to carbenicillin and
      ticarcillin than ampicillin-susceptible organisms (MIC, 0.25 to 1.0 mug/ml). A
      rapid assay for beta-lactamase, utilizing a chromogenic cephalosporin substrate,
      detected enzyme production in all 17 ampicillin-resistant strains of H.
      influenzae.

PMID- 1080657
TI  - [Radiation colitis. Interest of mesenteric angiography (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080658
TI  - Modification of postirradiation hydroproteolytic activity of rat's pancreas by
      some drugs.
AB  - Influence of Trasylol and morphine on hydroproteolytic activity of rat's pancreas
      was investigated. Trasylol, administered in vivo, caused normalization of
      activity of some pancreatic enzymes in the rats single and fractionated
      irradiated. In vitro, however, Trasylol did not affect the catheptic (pH 5.4) and
      amylolytic activity of the pancreas. After in vivo administration of morphine,
      the return to control values of amylolytic activity in the serum of single
      irradiated animals was observed.

PMID- 1080659
TI  - A rehabilitation evaluation system which complements the problem-oriented medical
      record.
AB  - The traditional medical history and physical examination format is disease rather
      than disability oriented. It has been shown to be incomplete for the total
      evaluation of rehabilitation patients. Direct applications of Weed's Problem
      Oriented Medical Record have proven to be formidable and cumbersome due to the
      complexity and diversity of rehabilitation. Therefore, we have developed the
      Rehabilitation Evaluation System (RES) to document functional rehabilitation
      management and progress during inpatient hospitalization and outpatient follow
      up. The system identifies 18 key rehabilitation areas, each with an individual
      and objective four-point scale. Utilization of this system in our department has
      been invaluable in formulating goals and continually evaluating the on-going
      rehabilitation process. We used the RES with equal facility on 46 rehabilitation
      inpatients including stroke, amputation, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis,
      orthopedic-trauma, rheumatoid arthritis and poliomyelitis. The mechanics of the
      RES are presented in detail with a specific patient-example of hemiplegia. Its
      complimentary use with the Problem-Oriented Medical Record is discussed.
      Practical advantages are seen in patient care, medical student and resident
      education, record keeping and research.

PMID- 1080660
TI  - [Ventriculography and myeloradiooculography with iodized water-soluble contrast
      media].

PMID- 1080661
TI  - Unsuspected intravestibular schwannoma.
AB  - The intravestibular schwannoma is physically minute and will often elude
      preoperative diagnosis. From time to time, such a tumor will be unexpectedly
      encountered during transcanal labyrinthectomy. A review of pathologic and
      surgical literature suggests that the lesion can be well managed by the
      transcanal route. A standard labyrinthectomy may be sufficient, but the
      translabyrinthine approach may be necessary for more extensive tumors.

PMID- 1080662
TI  - A case of lymphoma with T-cell characteristics.
AB  - This case report concerns a woman of 54 who died from a rapidly progressive
      lymphosarcoma-cell leukaemia with the terminal complication of toxoplasmosis. 
      The grossly atypical lymphosarcoma cells were shown to form rosettes with sheep
      erythrocytes but were incapable of responding to stimulation with
      phytohaemagglutinin.  They thus had the functional characteristics of abnormal T
      cells.  The proportion of immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes was greatly reduced.

PMID- 1080663
TI  - Some effects of alcohol on various aspects of oculomotor control.
AB  - Recent studies have shown that alcohol interferes with visual control of
      vestibular nystagmus. The present study was designed to assess three partially
      independent systems of oculomotor control. Performance on three tasks was
      measured before and after mild alcohol dosage. One task involved visual
      suppression of vestibular nystagmus; a second involved smooth oculomotor tracking
      of a moving target; and a third required repetitive rapid voluntary shifts in
      gaze. Oculomotor control was degraded on the first two tasks with recovery toward
      the initial performance level 4 h after drinking. Performance on the third task
      was not obviously degraded, although it is possible that improvement with
      practice was retarded. Results are discussed in terms of neurological systems
      involved and kinds of flight tasks potentially affected.

PMID- 1080664
TI  - Visualization of surface topology of human lymphoid cells by scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - We have studied the surface characteristics of human lymphoid cells with the
      scanning electron microscope (SEM). We obtained thymic cells by mincing thymus
      and isolating peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal donors as well as patients
      with acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (ALL and CLL). Prior to SEM, we
      purified the lymphocytes in isoosmotic Ficoll-Hypaque gradients. In addition, we
      examined several lymphoid cell lines in permanent culture derived from normal
      persons, patients with infectious mononucleosis, as well as from patients with
      ALL. The surfaces of most thymic cells appear smooth with only a few short
      microvilli. A small number of thymic cells, on the other hand, are found to
      exhibit many more microvilli of uniform shape and length. We could further
      identify lymphocytes from normal donors as T- and B-types according to their
      rosetting spontaneously with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) resemble thymic cells
      in their surface topology. However, B-cells rosetting with amboceptor--and
      complement--treated SRBC show greater number of microvilli. The surface
      morphology of lymphocytes from leukemic patients appears more or less
      characteristic of the disease type. In contrast, the surfaces of cultured
      lymphoid cells show a diversified surface topology, often with large smooth
      areas, very long and very short microcilli, which may often cluster in groups.
      These data bear directly upon techniques of plasma membrane fractionation and we
      suspect that the topology differences correlate with their differentiation
      patterns.

PMID- 1080665
TI  - Requirements for divalent cations by hormonal mitogens and their interactions
      with sex steroids.

PMID- 1080666
TI  - Induction of T-cell dependent splenic prostaglandin F2alpha by T-cell dependent
      antigen.

PMID- 1080667
TI  - [Identification and determination of folinic acid and cobalamin in combination].

PMID- 1080668
TI  - Studies on the effector cell of anti-tumour immunity in a chemically induced
      mouse tumour system.
AB  - Spleen cells from mice immunized against a methylcholanthrene induced
      rhabdomyosarcoma inhibited tumour cell colony formation in vitro and prevented
      tumour development in vivo in an adoptive transfer test. Treatment of the immune
      spleen cells with anti-mouse immunoglobulin serum or passage through a nylon wool
      column, both of which reduced the percentage of immunoglobulin bearing cells in
      the population to less than 3-4%, did not alter their anti-tumour effects. In
      contrast, treatment of the spleen cells with anti-BAomicron serum abolished their
      anti-tumour effects both in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that T
      cells are the mediators of tumour immunity in this chemically induced tumour
      system.

PMID- 1080669
TI  - The enhancing influence of proteolysis on E rosette forming lymphocytes (T cells)
      in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - The T lymphocytes populations of 22 young healthy adults, 21 healthy middle aged
      and older blood donors, 35 non-pregnant women of child bearing age and 14
      patients with advanced malignant disease were assessed and compared. It was found
      that the mean T cell counts in the middle aged and older controls were
      significantly lower than in the healthy young adults and were further reduced in
      the patients with malignant disease. The addition of the proteolytic agent
      brinase (protease 1 obtained from Aspergillus oryzae) to the rosetting test
      increased the T cell counts signficantly in all groups. This was mot marked in
      the older age groups and the patients with malignant disease. The proteolytic
      agent is shown to exert its effect on the lymphocytes in the test. Slow
      intravenous infusion of either brinase or streptokinase into patients with
      malignant disease is shown to result in increased T lymphocyte counts pari passu
      with a restoration of skin allergy. The significance of these findings and
      possible mode of action of the proteolytic agents in increasing T cell activity
      are discussed.

PMID- 1080670
TI  - Proceedings: Surface immunological markers in acute myeloblastic leukaemia.

PMID- 1080671
TI  - Effect of local injection of Corynebacterium parvum on the growth of a murine
      fibrosarcoma.
AB  - Local injection (i.e. injection at the site of tumour inoculation) of strains of
      C. Parvum which have a significant anti-tumour effect when given systemically
      (i.e. intravenously or, in the case of subcutaneous tumour transplant,
      intraperitoneally) strongly inhibits the growth of isogeneic transplants of a
      fibrosarcoma in intact CBA mice but has little or no effect on subcutaneous
      transplants of the same tumour in T-cell deprived mice. The anti-tumour effect of
      local injection of C. parvum, unlike that of systemic injection in this
      particular tumour system, thus appears to be T-cell dependent.

PMID- 1080672
TI  - Stimulation of granulocytic colony formation  in agar diffusion chambers
      implanted in cyclophosphamide pretreated mice.
AB  - The growth of mouse bone marrow colonies in agar diffusion chambers (ADCs) was
      evaluated using host mice injected with saline or with cyclophosphamide (CY)
      before chamber insertion. The mice pretreated with cyclophosphamide proved more
      effective hosts than control (saline pretreated) mice, indicating that
      cyclophosphamide causes the elaboration of a stimulating factor acting on colony
      precursor cells. Assays of the factor for colony stimulating activity against
      mouse bone marrow cells in agar culture in vitro suggest that potentiation may be
      due to a slight temporary increase in the level of colony stimulating factor
      (CSF) in the chamber environment, although a parallel increase was not detected
      in the serum. Stem cell recovery from the ADCs, measured by spleen colony
      formation, suggests that the stimulus may act by increasing differentiation at
      the level of the pluripotential stem cell.

PMID- 1080673
TI  - Storage and metabolism of poly(adenylic acid)-mRNA in germinating cotton seeds.
AB  - When the RNA from both the nucleus and polysomes of germinated cotton seeds were
      fractionated on poly(U)-cellulose columns it was found that both contained
      poly(A)-RNA. In ungerminated seeds most of the poly(A)-RNA is located in the
      nucleus of the cell. 3'-Deoxyadenosine was found to inhibit the synthesis of both
      nuclear and polysomal poly(A) by 75% in germinated seeds, but had little or no
      effect on protein synthesis during the first 6 hr of germination. After this time
      3'-deoxyadenosine had a pronounced inhibitory effect on protein synthesis
      presumably due to the inhibition of poly(A) addition to newly synthesized mRNA.

PMID- 1080674
TI  - The functional unit of electrical events and phosphorylation in chromatophores
      from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
AB  - 1. From electron micrographs of chromatophores from Rhodopseudomonas spaeroides
      and from the estimated bacteriochlorophyll per chromatophore was estimated. The
      mean diameter of the chromatophore vesicles was 600 A. 2. The decay of the flash
      induced electric potential across the chromatophore membrane measured by the
      carotenoid band shift was 20% accelerated by about one valinomycin molecule per
      4700 bacteriochlorophyll, i.e. by one ionophore molecule per chromatophore. 3.
      The inhibition of the flash-induced ATP formation by valinomycin followed a
      similar pattern to the accelerated decay of the electric potential. 4. The single
      turnover flash yield of ATP synthesis gave a mean value of one ATP per 1470
      bacteriochlorophyll or about 3 ATP per vesicle. 5. With regard to the
      partitioning of the ionophore between the membrane (85%) and aqueous phase (15%)
      we conclude that one molecule of valinomycin per chromatophore is sufficient to
      begin to collapse the electrical potential and inhibit ATP synthesis. It is
      therefore suggested that the membrane potential is an essential component of the
      energized state which is used for phosphorylation. The results correspond to
      those obtained for the 100-fold larger vesicles in chloroplasts (thylakoids)
      where one molecule of ioophore is also sufficient to quench both events.

PMID- 1080675
TI  - [Morphological differentiation of the retina of the eye of Rana temporaria L.
      tadpoles during the prometamorphosis period].

PMID- 1080676
TI  - [Analysis of the seasonal changes in the vascular tonus of frogs].

PMID- 1080677
TI  - Treatment of life-threatening hemorrhage due to acquired factor VIII inhibitor.
AB  - An otherwise healthy elderly man developed massive, life-threatening, sublingual
      bleeding associated with an idiopathic factor VIII inhibitor. The patient was
      treated wtih cyclophosphamide, steroids, factor VIII concentrates, and repeated
      plasmapheresis (including three times with NCI-IBM blood-cell separator). Rapid
      clinical and laboratory improvement occurred, with complete disappearance of the
      inhibitor. The patient has remained well, without evidence of an inhibitor, for 8
      mo. The possible role of each of the therapeutic measures in the disappearance of
      the inhibitor and the possible pathogenetic mechanism of this disorder are
      discussed. A high mortality rate and a striking incidence of sublingual hematoma
      have been observed in cases in the literature.

PMID- 1080678
TI  - [Willebrand's disease and platelet adhesiveness in the presence of ristocetine].

PMID- 1080679
TI  - The effect of heparin on platelet aggregation by common inductors and by
      ristocetin in congenital bleeding disorders due to factor VIII or fibrinogen
      defects.
AB  - Platelet aggregation by various inductors was studied in citrated and heparinized
      plasma of the following groups of subjects: Normal, hemophilia A, combined factor
      V and factor VIII deficiency, v. Willeprand's disease and congenital
      afibrinognemia. The results may be summarized as follows: A-platelet aggregation
      in citrated plasm 1) platelet aggregation by common inductors ADP, adrenalin and
      collagen was normal in all groups of subjects but for the patients with
      congential afibrinogenemia in whom adrenalin induced aggregation was absent or
      markedly refuced whereas ADP and collagen gave slightly reduced or near normal
      aggregation curves. 2) platelet aggregation by ristocetin was normal in all
      groups of subjects but for v. Willebrand's disease in which it was absent. B
      platelet aggregation in heparized plasma. 1) platelet aggregation by common
      inductors resulted to be normal in all groups of subjects except in congenital
      afibrinogenemia. In this latter case the pattern was still mildly defective but
      here was an increased aggregation as compared to citrated plasma. These findings
      have been interpretemmon inductors. 2) platelet aggregation by ristocetin
      resulted to be absent in all groups of subjects investigated. The possible
      mechanism of action of the inhibitory effect exercised py heparin with regard to
      restocetin is discussed.

PMID- 1080680
TI  - [Dynamics of T-lymphocytes in lung diseases].

PMID- 1080681
TI  - Acute segmental ischaemic enteritis in Thialand.
AB  - A disease characterized by segments of ischaemic small intestine has been
      recognized in norther Thailand over the past decade. The clinical features and
      appearance of the diseased intestime are described. Most of the patients were
      treated by surgical resection of the affected bowel. The overall mortality was 14
      per cent. Recently, some patients have been successfully treated by non-surgical
      means. The aetiology of the disease is still unknown.

PMID- 1080682
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in iron- and vitamin-deficient children.

PMID- 1080683
TI  - Letter: Colour disturbance as a symptom.

PMID- 1080684
TI  - Locomotion in the cat: basic programmes of movement.
AB  - Observations in cats of flexion and extension movements of the 4 limbs have led
      to the conclusion that the different forms of alternative locomotion (e.g.
      walking, trotting, swimming) and in-phase locomotion (galloping, jumping) result
      from the interaction of 'programmes' for the coordination of (1) the homologous
      limbs (pair of hindlimbs or pair of forelimbs) and (2) the homolateral limbs
      (hind- and forelimb of the same side of the body). The movements of the
      homologous pairs of limbs are coupled out of phase in alternate locomotion and
      approximately in phase in the phase form of locomotion. The movements of the
      homolateral pairs of limbs occur approximately out of phase in the trotting type
      of coupling and approximately in phase in the pacing type of coupling.
      Transitions between the different forms of coupling occur abruptly over 1 or 2
      steps. Therefore, for each type of coupling (homologous or homolateral) there are
      two distinct forms or 'programmes' of movement. The hypothesis is advanced that
      (a) all the characteristic patterns of locomotion in the cat result from
      different combinations of these 'programmes' of homologous and homolateral limb
      coupling; (b) the 'programmes' are mutually self reinforcing in the gaits in
      which the coordination of the movements of the 4 limbs is bilaterally
      symmetrical; (c) the 'programmes' act in competition in certain gaits which are
      not bilaterally symmetrical giving rise at times to a changing gait pattern, and
      (d) the temporary dominance of one 'programme' or another can determine the gait
      of the particular step.

PMID- 1080685
TI  - Adaptation of the human vestibuloocular reflex to magnifying lenses.

PMID- 1080686
TI  - Stability of implanted duplicate tectal positional markers serving as targets for
      optic axons in adult frogs.

PMID- 1080687
TI  - Vestibular-neck integration in the vestibular nuclei.

PMID- 1080688
TI  - Raphe neurons: depression of activity by L-5-hydroxytryptophan.

PMID- 1080689
TI  - Neuromelanin: a source of possible error in HRP material.

PMID- 1080690
TI  - Different sites of membrane action for tetrodotoxin and lipid-soluble
      anesthetics.
AB  - 1. To examine whether different local anesthetics act on different or similar
      sites in the nerve membrane, the effects of combinations of lipid-soluble
      anesthetics and tetrodotoxin (TTX) were studied on the compound action potential
      of the frog sciatic nerve. 2. The nerve-blocking potency of TTX was potentiated 5
      fold by benzyl alcohol and 10-fold by lidocaine, at concentrations of these
      latter two drugs which were just barely anesthetic; no such synergism occurred
      between saxitoxin (STX) and TTX, their combined effect being merely additive. 3.
      Simple additive effects also occurred between benzyl alcohol and phenol, benzyl
      alcohol and urethane, as well as lidocaine with a spirosuccinimide, RAC 109 II.
      4. Synergism occurred between STX and 2-aminobenzimidazole. 5. A small but
      consistent synergism occurred between lidocaine and benzyl alcohol. 6. It is
      concluded that uncharged anesthetics, tertiary amines, and TTX act via different
      membrane binding sites which are all closely associated with the Na+ conductance
      channels.

PMID- 1080691
TI  - Unusual case of massive gastrointestinal bleeding--pseudoaneurysm of the head of
      the pancreas.

PMID- 1080692
TI  - Evidence for origin of certain childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemias and
      lymphomas in thymus-derived lymphocytes.
AB  - Lymphoblasts from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or malignant
      lymphoblastic lymphoma were studied using surface markers characteristic of T and
      B lymphocytes. A B-cell marker, i.e. surface immunoglobulin, was absent in all
      cases studied. Fouteen of 22 children (64%) had lymphoblasts with one or both
      markers of T lymphocytes, i.e. receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E) and/or human
      T-lymphocyte antigen (HTLA) detectable using heterologous antithymocyte sera
      absorbed with B lymphocytes. In all instances, lymphoblasts which carried E
      receptors also carried HTLA. However, lymphoblasts in 6 cases carried HTLA but
      not E receptors. It is possible that ALL may often involve T lymphocytes which
      are early in differentiation (i.e. prior to development of E receptors) or,
      alternatively, that E receptors may be lost from T cells following malignant
      transformation. Thymus enlargement was found only in cases of ALL or lymphoma
      where T markers were present. Lymphoblasts carried the same markers when examined
      in various sites and at various times from the same patient.

PMID- 1080693
TI  - Electron microscopic observations on the retino-preoptic pathway of Rana
      temporaria L.
AB  - Electron microscopic observations confirm the presence of optic terminals of
      retinal origin in the preoptic area of Rana temporaria. After unilateral section
      of the optic nerve, degenerating axon terminals were observed among the
      neurosecretory cells of the preoptic nucleus, both ipsilaterally and
      contralaterally. The retino-preoptic terminals apparently establish axo-dendritic
      synapses with non-neurosecretory neurons. Many more degenerating fibres were seen
      in the ipsilateral preoptic nucleus than in the contralateral nucleus. These are
      presumed to pass through and to cross in the dorsal posterior part of the optic
      chiasm.

PMID- 1080694
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the wall of the third ventricle of the brain of
      Rana temporaria. III. Electron microscopy of the ventricular surface of the
      median eminence.
AB  - From combined scanning and transmission electron microscopic studies it is
      concluded (1) that all surface specializations of the median eminence of Rana
      temporaria are protrusions of ependymal cells; (2) that the microvillus-like
      structures of the median eminence are transient differentiations of the ependymal
      cell surface, associated with the activity of the ependymal cells.

PMID- 1080695
TI  - [Management of vestibular disorders developed after cerebrocranial injuries
      through habituation].

PMID- 1080696
TI  - Determinants of reversible asynergy. The native coronary circulation.
AB  - To evaluate the influence of the native coronary circulation on the reversibility
      of asynergy, ventriculograms before and after sublingual nitroglycerin were
      performed in 51 patients with coronary artery disease and asynergy. The severity
      of stenotic lesions and caliber of the distal coronary vessels were determined by
      comparison with external catheter tip diameter corrected for magnification. Of 42
      asynergic zones associated with larger than or equal to 90% proximal coronary
      occlusion, 27 (64%) were akinetic or dyskinetic while only 11 of 38 zones (29%)
      with less than 90% occlusion showed akinesis (P less than 0.005). Twenty-six of
      the 38 asynergic zones (69%) with less than 90% occlusion were reversible in
      contrast to 19 of the 42 zones (45%) with larger than or equal to 90% occlusion
      (P less than 0.05). Coronary collaterals were observed in 23 of 42 (55%) zones
      with larger than or equal to 90% occlusion in contrast to only 11 of 38 zones
      (29%) with less than 90% occlusion (P less than 0.05). Of the zones with both
      greater than or equal to 90% occlusion and collaterals, 74% were reversible, in
      contrast to only 11% without collaterals (P less than 0.001). Of the asynergic
      zones without collaterals, 63% with less than 90% occlusion were reversible in
      contrast to only 11% with larger than or equal to 90% occlusion (P less than
      0.001). Pathologic Q waves were associated with 24 of 42 zones (57%) with larger
      than or equal to 90% occlusion compared to only nine of the 38 zones (24%) with
      less than 90% occlusion (P less than 0.01). The presence of Q waves was
      associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of reversibility
      regardless of the degree of coronary occlusion. Excluding the asynergic zones
      with either collaterals or Q waves, 79% with less than 90% occlusion were
      reversible in contrast to only 37% with larger than or equal to 90% coronary
      occlusion (P less than 0.05). In contrast, the caliber of the distal vessel could
      not be correlated with either the severity of asynergy or the presence of
      collaterals and was similar in both reversible and irreversible asynergic zones.
      In summary, larger than or equal to 90% proximal stenosis is associated with
      severe asynergy which is less likely to be reversible compared to asynergy
      associated with less than 90% coronary occlusion. In the presence of larger than
      or equal to 90% occlusion, coronary collaterals are associated with a
      significantly higher incidence of reversible asynergy and thus appear to serve a
      protective function. However, the caliber of the distal vessel per se does not
      effect the severity or reversibility of asynergy.

PMID- 1080697
TI  - A gel cutter for use in two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis.

PMID- 1080698
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of antihaemophilic factor (factor VIII) antigen.

PMID- 1080699
TI  - Lipid components in the skin secretions of amphibia. I. Cholesterol.

PMID- 1080700
TI  - Transbronchial lung biopsy via the fiberoptic bronchoscope. Experience with 107
      consecutive cases and comparison with bronchial brushing.
AB  - Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBB) was performed during fiberoptic bronchoscopy
      under fluoroscopic guidance in 107 patients. TBB was diagnostic in 17 of 21 (81
      percent) cases with localized malignant lesions greater than 4 cm in diameter and
      bronchial brushing was positive in 12 (57 percent). TBB was diagnostic in 14 of
      24 (58 percent) cases with localized malignant lesions equal to or less than 4 cm
      in diameter, whereas brush biopsy was positive in 7 (29 percent). In 13 cases
      with suspected Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, the combination of TBB and brush
      biopsy was diagnostic of P carinii pneumonia in all 11 patients; TBB was
      diagnostic in 10 and brush biopsy diagnostic in 5. Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis
      was diagnosed in the other two cases. In 20 patients with localized infiltrates
      or nodules, a TBB diagnosis of acute or chronic inflammation excluded malignancy
      in 15 of 18 cases (follow-up 3 to 24 months) and tuberculosis was diagnosed in 2.
      Malignancy was found in one patient with acute inflammation on TBB. TBB
      accurately diagnosed 23 of 29 (79 percent) cases of diffuse lung disease.
      Following TBB, one patient had pneumothorax and nine patients had hemoptysis not
      requiring treatment. TBB and bronchial brushing via the flexible fiberoptic
      bronchoscope offer good diagnostic accuracy and a low complication rate in both
      diffuse and localized lung diseases.

PMID- 1080701
TI  - Spontaneous graft closure in anomalous origin of the left coronary artery.
AB  - Several reports of successful correction of anomalous origin of the left coronary
      artery from the pulmonary artery utilizing a graft to the ascending aorta have
      demonstrated the feasibility of this procedure. The patient described in this
      report developed proved delayed occlusion of the saphenous vein graft with a
      fatal outcome. This was a result of intimal fibrous hyperplasia identical to that
      seen in adults following the placement of the saphenous vein bypass graft for
      treatment of atherosclerotic coronary disease.

PMID- 1080702
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of aortic aneurysm in the jejunum. Two-stage surgical
      treatment. Complete cure].

PMID- 1080703
TI  - [Letter: Therapeutic pneumothorax in bleeding esophageal varices].

PMID- 1080704
TI  - [Clinical and prognostic significance of antinuclear factors during D
      penicillamine treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - Antinuclear factors were demonstrated during D-penicillamine treatment in
      patients with rheumatiod arthritis (72) and scleroderma (7). While in 13
      antinuclear factors were demonstrable already before treatment was started, they
      occurred in the course of treatment in another 34. D-penicillamine administration
      had to be discontinued in 18 because of severe side effects, with a marked
      correlation between  their severity and the presence of antinuclear factors. Side
      effects requiring stoppage of the drug were especially common in patients who had
      antinuclear factors even before onset of treatment. The severest complication of
      D-penincillamine treatment, renal damage, was found only in patients with
      antinuclear factors, in this instance antibodies against denatured DNA. The
      following therapeutic consequences should be drawn from these findings: (1) D
      penicillamine should, if possible, not be given to any patient with antinuclear
      factors; (2) in patients in whom antinuclear factors occur in the course of D
      penicillamine treatment but its administration is to be continued, blood picture,
      renal functions and urine must be regularly tested.

PMID- 1080705
TI  - [Clinical course of typhoid in the Heidelberg region (author's transl)].
AB  - In the course of a typhoid epidemic during the autumn of 1974 in the Heidelberg
      region 74 persons were treated in hospital. Chloramphenicol was give to 45,
      ampicillin to 19. The former, in daily doses of 2.0 g, gave worse results if
      given for only two instead of three weeks. In comparison, ampicillin was less
      effective. A second course of treatment became necessary in 13 patients, with
      trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (Bactrim) being succesful in all, although the
      follow-up period is still too short for definitive results. Three complications
      occurred: one case of massive bleeding from the gut requiring operation and
      followed some weeks later by a HBS-antigen-negative hepatitis; one case of
      typhoma (several weeks after the end of antibiotic treatment), requiring
      operative removal; a case of febrile abortion in the second month of pregnancy.

PMID- 1080706
TI  - [Kallman's syndrome--hypogonadism and anosmia].

PMID- 1080707
TI  - The amino-acid sequence of the most acidic major parvalbumin from frog muscle.
AB  - The primary structure of the most acidic (pI - 4.50) of the two major
      parvalbumins from frog (Rana esculenta) has been determined from a study of its
      trypsic peptides and of overlapping peptides generated by limited trypsic
      digestion, chymotrypsic digestion and N-bromosuccinimide cleavage of the protein.
      The amino acid sequence so obtained is considered in comparison with those known
      for other parvalbumins and for rabbit troponin-C.

PMID- 1080708
TI  - Dilantin-calcium interaction and active Na transport in frog skin.
AB  - The effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) and calcium were simultaneously studied on
      solute transport in frog skin. In the presence of external Ca, DPH elicited a
      significant increase in active Na transport; in its absence, DPH had no
      significant effect on active transport. DPH increased passive permeability, but
      this action was independent of Ca. It appears that the increase in active
      transport elicited by DPH is due to a specific interaction with Ca at the
      transport site.

PMID- 1080709
TI  - Cell membranes as sources of granulocyte colony stimulating activities.
AB  - Subcellular localization of factors associated with stimulation of granulocyte
      progenitors (CFU-c) to form colonies in vitro was investigated. Human peripheral
      blood leukocytes were fractionated into three subcellular fractions. After
      solubilization with sodium dodecyl sulfate, fractions were assessed for ability
      to stimulate colony formation by CFU-c. The fraction containing cell membranes
      proved to be the richest source of stimulating factors. Apparent molecular
      weights for these factors as determined by gel filtration were equivalent to
      those obtained for factors from purified peripheral leukocyte conditioned medium.
      The results suggest that at least some granulocyte colony-stimulating factors
      should be regarded as membrane-active agents.

PMID- 1080710
TI  - Serum potentiation of granulocyte and macrophage colony formation in vitro.
AB  - Addition of serum or plasma from many species increased the number and size of
      neutrophilic granulocyte and macrophage colonies formed in vitro by mouse bone
      marrow cells after stimulation by a variety of preparations containing colony
      stimulating factor (CSF). The active factor in serum was heat-labile, non
      dialyzable and eluted from G-100 columns in the serum albumin region. Serum non
      selectively affected all cells potentially capable of forming granulocytic and
      macrophage colonies but did not potentiate the formation of eosinophilic or
      megakaryocytic colonies. The potentiating activity of mouse serum was increased
      by prior injection of the mice with endotoxin but was not affected by prior whole
      body irradiation. Colony potentiating activity in plasma from patients with
      myeloid of lymphoid leukemia did not differ from that of normal human plasma.

PMID- 1080711
TI  - The influence of mouse sera on colony formation and on the production of colony
      stimulating factor in vitro.
AB  - Results of studies on the in vitro production and release of colony stimulating
      factor (CSF), by bone associated cells cultivated in the presence or absence of
      mouse sera, are presented. Tissues from three strains of mice were shown to be
      equally effective in the production of CSF in vitro. Priming of the tissue donors
      by endotoxin 4 hours previously, or by irradiation 1, 7 or 15 days previously,
      significantly increased the CSF production. The addition of serum from normal
      mice to the culture medium had no effect on CSF production by tissue from normal
      mice but regularly inhibited CSF production by bones from irradiated animals. The
      inhibition was not due to the toxic effect of the sera on the CSF producing cells
      and was more pronounced in the cultures of NMRI than in the C57BL tissues. Some
      inhibition was also observed in cultures of tissue from endotoxin-primed NMRI
      mice. Extraction of the sera with ether removed the inhibitory material. The sera
      which inhibited the CSF production in vitro also inhibited the growth of
      granulocytic and macrophage colonies in soft agar cultures but did not inhibit
      the growth and DNA synthesis of cultured L-cells.

PMID- 1080712
TI  - Enhancement of chicken hemagglutinin response by thymocytes.
AB  - Antigen responsive cells, detectable with the cell transfer antibody assay, are
      abundant in the blood and spleen of chickens after immunization. In experiments
      where serial dilutions of donor immunocyte-antigen mixture were cultured in host
      embryos, each two-fold dilution of the mixture resulted in approximately a four
      fold reduction in hemagglutinin output. When higher than normal concentrations of
      donor buffy coat were used, however, serial dilutions resulted in antibody output
      that was more directly proportional. The overall dose-response curve of relative
      donor cell number to antibody production appears to be biphasic, with a slope of
      a first order reaction at higher concentrations, and a steeper slope at lower
      concentrations of donor cells. The hemagglutinin response in the adoptive cell
      transfer system was enhanced when autologous thymocytes were added to the
      immunocyte-antigen mixture. Data from the kinetic and thymocyte supplement
      experiments taken together strongly indicate that the mouse erythrocyte antigen
      responsive cells of the chicken, like their mammalian counterpart the antigen
      reactive units, involve the cooperation of T and B type lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080713
TI  - Trypanosoma gambiense: enhancement of agglutinin and protection in subpopulations
      by immune spleen cells.

PMID- 1080714
TI  - Further investigations into the effects of baclofen (Lioresal) on the isolated
      spinal cord.

PMID- 1080715
TI  - Relationships between H-2 Region and surface characteristics of mouse spleen
      cells.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to study whether allelic variations at the
      H-2 region which induce differences in the peptide composition of some
      glycoproteins of cell surface, also induce variations in electrical charges at
      the cell membrane. The surface charge was assessed by the electrophoretic
      mobility of the cell. Tests with different congenic strains were undertaken on
      spleen cells which were assumed to contain two major lymphocyte populations with
      different surface charge. The data show that the mean electrophoretic mobility of
      the low mobility lymphocytes was independent of the strain. By contrast, some H-2
      haplotypes give 8% difference in surface charge of high mobility lymphocytes.
      These results suggest that the H-2 region plays a role in the regulation of
      ionized groups of cell surface in some but not all populations of spleen
      lymphocytes. The high and low mobility lymphocyte populations are assumed to
      represent T and B lymphocytes, respectively. The proportions of T lymphocytes
      obtained with electrophoretic marker were higher than those observed in other
      strains with currently available markers. It is suggested that the high mobility
      population contains T and "null" lymphocytes. Moreover, the data show that the H
      2 region controls the relative proportions of T (or T and "null") and B
      lymphocytes, the H-2s specificity inducing a B/T ratio different from that
      induced by other specificities.

PMID- 1080716
TI  - Serotonin and the effects of rhythmic stimulation of the splanchnic nerve in the
      frog.

PMID- 1080717
TI  - Haemochromatosis, active chronic hepatitis, and familial IgA deficiency.
AB  - A man aged 38 years developed chronic liver disease with characteristics of both
      haemochromatosis and active chronic hepatitis. Two of his relatives were found to
      have selective IgA deficiency. It is suggested that this case provides evidence
      that haemochromatosis may initiate active chronic hepatitis in a genetically
      susceptible subject.

PMID- 1080718
TI  - Prevention by glucagon of experimental stress induced hemorrhagic gastritis.
AB  - Glucagon was effective in decreasing acute gastric mucosal lesions, blood loss
      and gastric acid secretion in the cold restraint stressed rat.

PMID- 1080719
TI  - Abnormal origin of arteries from the aortic arch in man.

PMID- 1080720
TI  - Arteries supplying the left colic flexure in man.

PMID- 1080721
TI  - Variation of the anterior cardiac veins and their orifices in the right atrium in
      man.

PMID- 1080722
TI  - Vascular supply of the lungs through direct branches of the aorta in domestic
      pig.

PMID- 1080723
TI  - Studies on development of the adenohypophysis in the domestic pig.

PMID- 1080724
TI  - Block in G1 phase of spleen cells stimulated in vitro with phytohemagglutinin
      induced by caffeine.

PMID- 1080725
TI  - Experimental autogenous grafting of spleen tissue in the peritoneum.

PMID- 1080726
TI  - Development of the adenohypophysis in the embryo of the domestic pig.

PMID- 1080727
TI  - Site and mode of termination of the spinocerebellar paths.

PMID- 1080728
TI  - Biomechanical analysis of length-width indices of the head and mandible in
      relation to vertical posture in man.

PMID- 1080729
TI  - Tensile strength and Young's modulus of the posterior cruciate ligament in the
      dog.

PMID- 1080730
TI  - Time of appearance of the ossification centre in the metacarpophalangeal sesamoid
      bone of the thumb in girls during puberty.

PMID- 1080731
TI  - Pseudoepiphyses of the metacarpal bones, environmental conditions and skeletal
      maturity.

PMID- 1080732
TI  - Lumbar part of the sympathetic trunk in human fetuses and newborns.

PMID- 1080734
TI  - Arteries supplying the ascending colon in man.

PMID- 1080733
TI  - Arteriovenous anastomoses in the human myocardium.

PMID- 1080735
TI  - Remarks on pathways of venous drainage from the left upper intercostal spaces in
      man.

PMID- 1080737
TI  - Arteries on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere in the cat. II. Branches of
      the anterior and posterior cerebral arteries.

PMID- 1080736
TI  - Hepatic veins of the right part of the liver in man.

PMID- 1080738
TI  - The renal artery system in the dog.

PMID- 1080739
TI  - A case of origin of the testicular artery from the renal artery, and course of
      the testicular artery behind the inferior vena cava.

PMID- 1080740
TI  - A histochemical study on the central effect of monoamine precursors.
AB  - A histochemical investigation has been made on the central monoamine neurons
      after the administration of monoamine precursors and peripheral decarboxylase
      inhibitor in experimental animals and the results are summarized as below: (1)
      Catecholamine fluorescence in the brain reduces and yellowish indoleamine
      fluorescence manifests after the treatment with 5HTP alone and Ro4-4602 plus
      5HTP. These findings support the view that catecholamine is likely to be replaced
      by indoleamine. (2) Ro4-4602 does not cause directly any change in central
      catecholamine neurons except in median eminence where the inhibitor causes a
      decrease in dopamine fluorescence. The findings indicate that the inhibitor may
      act in the hypothalamus as same manner as in the peripheries, because the
      hypothalamus is presumably lacking of blood brain barrier. (3) L-Dopa alone and L
      Dopa plus Ro4-4602 enhance dopamine fluorescence in the substantia nigra and the
      median eminence, especially an increase in the extra-neuronal fluorescence can be
      seen in the latter. This indicates the releasing of amines from cell body into
      extraneuronal spaces.

PMID- 1080741
TI  - Immunosuppressor T cells in tumor bearing host.
AB  - Thymus or spleen cells of tumor bearing animals (TBA) (methylcholanthrene induced
      sarcoma bearing A/Jax mice) were shown to possess immunosuppressor cells
      regulating the immune response to the tumor in syngeneic animals. The
      immunosuppressive activity of these cells of TBA was totally abolished by the in
      vitro treatment of anti-theta serum and complement. Soluble factor(s) with
      identical suppressive activity was isolated from the thymus cells of TBA and its
      molecular size was estimated to be lower than that of serum albumin in terms of
      its elution behaviour on gel filtration through a Sephadex G-200 column. These
      immunosuppressor T cells or their soluble factor(s) may be largely responsible
      for the growth of antigenic tumors.

PMID- 1080742
TI  - In Vitro studies on human B and T cell purified populations. Stimulation by
      mitogens and allogeneic cells, and quantitative binding of phytomitogens.
AB  - The property of T cells to form rosettes with sheep red blood cells has been used
      to separate peripheral blood lymphocytes into purified T- and B-cell suspensions
      after density gradient centrifugation. A study of lymphocyte markers has shown
      that 2-6 per cent of E rosettes only were recovered in the B cell-enriched
      population. Lymphocyte stimulation in vitro was obtained with PHA, con A and PWM
      in unseparated and T-cell populations, but never in B-cell suspensions.
      Experiments of recombination between the two purified fractions have demonstrated
      that 10% of T cells added to B cells were able to induce a response to PHA and
      PWM. Otherwise, only T cells responded to allogenic stimulation. Lastly, B and T
      cells seemed to bind qualitatively and quantitatively the same mitogens on their
      membranes.

PMID- 1080743
TI  - The activity of T and B lymphocytes in immunity and tolerance to the lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis virus in mice.
AB  - Treatment with anti-theta serum and the Wigzell column technique for cell
      separation was employed to study the separate functions of the B and T
      lymphocytes in the late states of immunity to the LCM virus in mice. The cell
      preparations examined were mixtures of spleen and lymph node cells from immune
      mice. The results revealed that the anti-viral effect of such cells after
      transfer to virus carriers was unimpaired in T cell-enriched and B cell-deprived
      cell preparations. The anti-viral effect was also retained in cell preparations
      deprived so much of B cells that no antibody was produced in the virus carrier
      mice receiving transplants of these cells. The results strongly indicate that the
      anti-viral effect of late immune cells is not only T cell-dependent but that it
      is also mediated solely by T cells and, moreover, that antibodies have no or very
      little influence on the virus elimination. The observation that antibody
      production could be caused neither by column-passed cells nor by anti-theta serum
      treated cells, but was obtained by mixtures of these cells, demonstrates that co
      operation between T and B cells is crucial for the LCM antibody response.
      Accordingly, the convincing demonstration of the absence in the persistent virus
      carriers of cells which, in respect of antibody production, are able to co
      operate either with column-passed or with anti-theta serum-treated immune cells,
      implies that such animals are extremely deficient as regards immune function of
      both B and T LCM-primed lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080744
TI  - Epicutaneous induction of hyporeactivity in contact sensitization. Demonstration
      of suppressor cells induced by contact with 2,4-dinitrothiocyanatebenzene.
AB  - Partial unresponsiveness to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was produced by the
      epicutaneous application of 2 per cent 2,4-dinitrothiocyanatebenzene (DNTB) to
      the dorsum of the ear, 14 and 7 days before sensitization. This state of partial
      unresponsiveness could be broken by treatment with 300 mg/kg cyclophosphamide
      (CY) 3 days before the sensitization dose of DNFB. There was a significant
      increase in the uptake of 125I-labelled iododeoxyuridine in the draining lymph
      node, 6 days after the application of 2 per cent DNTB and in the contralateral
      nodes at 4 and 6 days. The state of partial unresponsiveness to DNFB was not
      associated with a decrease in T-cell proliferation in the draining lymph nodes.
      The generation of suppressor cells, capable of reacting in the periphery, was
      demonstrated by passive cell transfer into recipients sensitized to DNFB and
      depleted of normally produced suppressor cells by pretreatment with CY. These
      cells were found in spleen and peritoneal exudates of animals treated by the
      epicutaneous application of 2 per cent DNTB 14 and 7 days previously. It is
      suggested that the suppressor cells induced by contact with DNTB act by
      competition with effector cells at the periphery.

PMID- 1080745
TI  - Investigation of NZB mice born to BALB/c immunized against NZB allotype.
AB  - Allotype suppression is held to be an example of T-cell suppressor function.
      Failure of generalized suppressor T-cell function is considered to be responsible
      for the chronic and progressive disease of the NZB. The possible association of
      allotype suppression and autoimmune disease has been investigated here in a group
      of NZB mice, transplanted and born from BALB/c recipients whilst producing anti
      NZB allotype. In this situation it was anticipated that if allotype suppression
      should fail this would coincide with the development of autoimmune disease; both
      processes reflecting failure of T-cell suppressor function. However, in spite of
      the fact that allotype suppression was not achieved, certain observations seem
      important. The fact that NZB born the BALB/c were in no way different from
      normally derived NZB confirms that the cause of the NZB disease is established
      prior to the stage of implantation. Maternal influence at or beyond this stage
      appears of little consequence in terms of effecting the development or
      progression of the NZB disease. The failure to induce allotype suppression in the
      NZB is important. In this context this strain appears to be no different from the
      majority of other strains that have been tested as homozygotes. The suppression
      obtained with (BALB/c X SJL/J)F1 hybrids in which chronic suppression has been
      achieved therefore seems to represent an exceptional situation and this suggests
      that it is perhaps unwise to base general assumptions as to the universal
      adaptability of T-cell control mechanisms upon unusual findings. It must be
      remembered that only homozygotes were examined here. Earlier attempts to induce
      allotype suppression in homozygotes also failed, even in the SJL/J. Since
      allotype suppression has only been demonstrated in heterozygote mice there is a
      distinct possibility that this phenomenon never occurs in the homozygote
      situation. The significance of this possibility is discussed.

PMID- 1080746
TI  - Presence and kinetics of sensitized cells in different tissue compartments.
AB  - The question was studied as to whether lymph nodes (LN), spleen (SP) and bone
      marrow (BM) contain different amounts of sensitized cells at various times after
      one or repeated immunizations. The following model was used: C57 mice were
      injected i.p. once, twice or three times with C3H cells. Between 3 and 20 days
      after the last immunization, LN, SP and BM cell suspensions were tested in vivo
      for their local cutaneous lymphocyte transfer reactivity in C3H mice and in vitro
      for their lymphocytotoxicity (partially after preincubation with anti-theta
      serum). In both test systems similar observations were made: after one
      sensitization, reactive cells were demonstrated first in the LN and then in the
      SP, but only during the next few days; BM cell reactivity appeared later. In the
      first few days after two sensitizations SP cells reacted strongly whereas LN and
      BM cells reacted weakly; later BM cell reactivity increased while the others
      decreased. After three sensitizations reactivity of the SP cells predominated
      during the entire period of observations; the BM cells showed less, the LN cells
      no reactivity. These findings suggest dependance of T cell-mediated reactivity on
      (1) the origin of the cells from LN, SP or BM, (2) the time of the harvesting
      from these tissues, and (3) the degree of sensitization.

PMID- 1080747
TI  - Human tumor--lymphocyte interaction in vitro: blastogenesis correlated to
      detectable immunoglobulin in the biopsy.
AB  - Binding of radioiodinated anti-immunoglobulin (Ig) reagent assayed by acid
      elutable radioactivity was shown in 18 of 44 cell suspensions (41%) prepared from
      surgical specimens of human tumors. Aliquots of these biopsies were admixed to
      autologous lymphocytes and in 13 cases they induced stimulation of DNA synthesis.
      In only one of these 13 cases was the anti-Ig reagent bound, while among the 26
      biopsies with low or no binding capacity 12 (46%) were stimulatory, indicating
      that immunoglobulin-containing biopsies are not stimulatory. Experiments on 32
      lymphocyte preparations from different lymphoid organs suggest that the
      immunoglobulin detected in the tumor-cell suspension is not derived from the
      infiltrating lymphoid cells.

PMID- 1080748
TI  - Comparison of 51Cr release and microcytotoxicity assays against human melanoma
      cells.
AB  - Comparisons of the cytotoxic activity of mononuclear cells from venous blood of
      human subjects against human melanoma cell lines have been made by means of the
      51Cr release assay (CRA) and the microcytotoxicity assay (MCA) of Takasugi and
      Klein. The relative effectiveness of the two assays in the detection of killing
      by various sub-populations of effector cells was studied after depletion of
      monocytes and separation of the blood monocluear cells by SRBC receptor and Fc
      receptor resetting techniques. Overall, the results showed good correlation. Most
      differences were the result of low values recorded with the CRA when effector
      cells were obtained from Hypaque-Ficoll--separated populations which had not been
      further fractionated. These differences were largely removed when monocytes were
      depleted by glass absorption and may reflect interference with the CRA by
      monocytes. No consistent differences were found between the assays in the
      detection of killing by subfractions enriched for T cells or B cells in this
      tumour system. The MCA appears to offer the advantage of greater sensitivity and
      possibly detection of a wider range of cytotoxic mechanisms but the CRA has a
      number of advantages of a technical nature which make it more applicable to
      routine assays in clinical studies.

PMID- 1080749
TI  - A study of the oncogenicity of adenovirus type 2 transformed rat embryo cells.
AB  - Rat embryo cells were transformed by adenovirus type 2 at different
      multiplicities of infection. The oncogenic potential of the resulting transformed
      lines varied considerably but a relationship was found to exist between
      transforming virus dose and oncogenicity of the resulting transformed lines.
      Possible reasons for the considerable variation in oncogenicity of the
      transformed lines are discussed, giving particular consideration to cellular
      antigenicity and recent molecular biology studies of adenovirus type 2
      transformed cell lines.

PMID- 1080750
TI  - Specific anti-tumor responses of cultured immune spleen cells III. Further
      characterization of cells which synthesize factors with blocking and antiserum
      dependent cellular cytotoxic (ADC) activities.
AB  - Spleen cells from BALB/c mice bearing syngeneic, methylcholanthrene-induced
      sarcomas were cultured in vitro. In agreement with previous observations, two
      tumor-specific activities could be demonstrated in the culture supernatants: the
      supernatants suppressed (blocked) specific lymph-node cell-mediated cytotoxicity
      directed against the respective neoplasm and they induced specific antibody
      dependent-cellular cytotoxicity (ADC) mediated by lymph-node cells from non
      immune mice. In the present study, the effects of specific depletion or
      enrichment of different celltypes on the ability to synthesize the blocking and
      ADC activities was explored. Spleen cells passed through columns of Sephadex G
      10, which removed plasma cells and macrophages, no longer synthesized factors
      with ADC activity though synthesis of blocking factors continued. However, lysis
      of Thy-1-positive cells with antiserum and complement did abolish the synthesis
      of blocking factors. Spleen cells from tumor-bearing mice were then enriched for
      Thy-1-positive cells by selective removal of macrophages and plasma cells on G-10
      columns and of immunoglobulin-bearing cells on anti-mouse immunoglobulin affinity
      columns. This T-cell-enriched population synthesized blocking factors and
      restored blocking factor synthesis in cultures depleted of Thy-1-positive cells.
      Simiarly enriched spleen cells from normal control mice did not synthesize tumor
      specific blocking factors but partially restored synthesis of blocking factor in
      tumor-bearer spleen cultures depleted of Thy-1-positive cells.

PMID- 1080751
TI  - Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity for human monolayer target cells
      bearing blood group and transplantation antigens and for melanoma cells.
AB  - A sensitive assay for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCMC) was
      developed utilizing serum from a patient with gestational choriocarcinoma and the
      3H-proline microcytotoxicity test for detection fo destruction of monolayer
      target cells. Conditions for optimal expression of ADCMC were investigated using
      serum from this patient and skin fibroblasts from her husband and daugther as
      target cells with semi-purified blood leukocytes from normal donors as effector
      cells. Factors critical for optimal expression of ADCMC in this assay are the
      selection of effector cell donors possessing high levels of activity in the
      presence of serum with known lymphocyte-dependent antibody. (LDA), the effector
      cell preparative technique, and  incubation for up to 40 h. Tris-NH4Cl lysis of
      red blood cells was found significantly to reduce effector cell activity. Under
      optimal conditions, the LDA titer of this patient's serum was greater than 10(
      4). The sensitivity of the assay was confirmed by the detection of LDA activity
      of an anti-blood-group antibody at dilutions not demonstrating hemagglutination,
      and by the induction of ADCMC for blood group A antigen-bearing target cells by
      normal sera of B and O blood groups. In a preliminary study of sera from 16
      melanoma patients on the corresponding antologous tumor target cells, four had
      significant LDA. Further studies are under way to determine specificty,
      incidence, and relationship of LDA-positive autologous sera to course of disease.

PMID- 1080752
TI  - The relationship between tumorigenicity, growth in agar and fibrinolytic activity
      in a line of human osteosarcoma cells.
AB  - The TE-85 osteosarcoma cell line has several of the in vitro properties of
      malignant cells, including colony formation in agar, but has low extracellular
      fibrinolytic activity and no capacity to form tumors in ATS-treated hamsters.
      Some TE-85 cells clones (clones 2, 4 and 6) have increased fibrinolytic activity
      but do not form tumors in hamsters. TE-85 cells infected with mammalian
      transformation-defective viruses have low (FeLV) or increased (RD-114 virus)
      levels of fibrinolytic activity and do not form tumors in hamsters. TE-85 cell
      either nonproductively infected with Ki-MSV or productively infected with M-MSV
      (RD-114), have fibrinolytic activity and can form tumors in hamsters. The MSV
      gene(s) but not colony formation in agar or extracellular fibrinolytic activity
      appears to be capable of rendering TE-85 cells tumorigenic in ATS-treated
      hamsters.

PMID- 1080753
TI  - Rejection of tumor cells in vitro: a T-cell-mediated reaction.
AB  - Cytoxic lymphoblasts (LBC) were produced by the co-cultivation of guinea-pig
      lymphoid cells from the thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow and blood with
      syngeneic methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma (MC-D) cells. The cytotoxic reaction
      was inhibited by pretreatment of the lymphoid cell populations with a rabbit
      antiserum specific for guinea-pig thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes. Supernatants of
      LBC inhibited the migration of peritoneal exudate cells, but did not contain
      lymphotoxin or a skin reactive factor. It is concluded that the cytotoxic cells
      are of T-cell origin.

PMID- 1080754
TI  - Reduction in T-lymphocytes forming active rosettes in chronic marijuana smokers.
AB  - Rosettes formed by peripheral T- and B-lymphocytes were studied in 23 normal
      controls and 23 marijuana smokers. The mean percentage of cells forming B type
      rosettes were normal in both groups. The percentage of T cells forming rosettes
      was lower in the marijuana smokers, and 39% had values below 2 standard
      deviations of the mean of the normal control group. These observations suggest
      some alteration in some T cells in some marijuana smokers.

PMID- 1080755
TI  - Coronary surgery: morbidity and mortality.

PMID- 1080756
TI  - An investigation into the effect of metronidazole on the morphology of
      Trichomonas vaginalis.

PMID- 1080757
TI  - Relationship between beta-lactamase production by Haemophilus influenzae and
      sensitivities to penicillins and cephalosporins.

PMID- 1080758
TI  - The effect of metronidazole and nitrofurans on the morphology of Trichomonas
      vaginalis.

PMID- 1080759
TI  - Relationship between perceptual style and reactivity to motion.

PMID- 1080760
TI  - Mechanism of gap-filling during postreplication repair of ultraviolet damage in
      Haemophilus influenzae.
AB  - Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), pulse labeled after ultraviolet irradiation of
      excision-defective mutants of Haemophilus influenzae, is of lower single strand
      molecular weight than that of unirradiated cells but approaches the size of DNA
      from unirradiated cells upon further incubation in growth medium. This gap
      filling process is controlled by the rec-1 gene. Gap-filling occurs normally in a
      temperature-sensitive DNA synthesis mutant at the restrictive temperature showing
      that normal semiconservative DNA synthesis is not necessary for gap-filling. To
      test for recombinational events after irradiation, the DNA synthesized after
      irradiation was radioactively labeled for a short time in medium containing 5
      bromodeoxyuridine followed by incubation for various times in non-radioactive, 5
      bromodeoxyuridine-containing medium. The DNA was denatured and analyzed
      isopycnically. The labeled DNA was initially "heavy," but later shifted toward
      lighter densities. This shift occurred in the temperature-sensitive DNA synthesis
      mutant at the restrictive temperature and in the recombination-defective mutant
      rec-2, but was not seen in the rec-1 mutant. The density shift can be interpreted
      as evidence that rather extensive exchanges occurred between parental DNA and the
      DNA made after irradiation. These results suggest that such exchanges are
      important for gap-filling in H. influenzae.

PMID- 1080761
TI  - Mechanism of action of ethanolamine ammonia-lyase, an adenosylcobalamin-dependent
      enzyme. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the binding of adenine
      nucleosides and substrate to ethanolamine ammonia-lyase.
AB  - Proton NMR spectroscopy was used to study the binding of adenosine, 5'
      deoxyadenosine, adenine, and ethanolamine to the adenosylcobalamin-dependent
      enzyme ethanolamine ammonia-lyase. Broadening of ligand resonances in the
      presence of ethanolamine ammonia-lyase indicated that adenosine, 5'
      deoxyadenosine, and ethanolamine all formed complexes with the enzyme (KD(mM) =
      3.5, 3.0, and 2.5 respectively). The methyl group of enzyme-bound 5'
      deoxyadenosine rotated at a rate exceeding 10(7) revolutions/s. Adenine did not
      appear to bind to the enzyme. Rates of dissociation of nucleosides from the
      enzyme were fast on the NMR time scale, precluding measurements of rate constants
      for the binding reaction. The departure of ethanolamine was slow, however,
      permitting their determination. The values for these rate constants were: k1 =
      4.4 times 10(5) M-1 S-1; k-1 = 1.1 times 10(3) S-1. Addition of 1 mol of
      cyanocobalamin/mol of active sites led to narrowing of the enzyme-broadened
      ligand resonances. With 5'-deoxyadenosine, linewidths still exceeded those of the
      free ligand, indicating that binding to enzyme was weakened but not abolished.
      The KD for this nucleoside in the presence of CNCbl was 8.0 mM. With ethanolamine
      and adenosine, however, linewidths reverted to values characteristic of the
      unbound ligand, indicating either that CNCbl greatly lowered the rate of
      dissociation of the ligand or displaced the ligand from the enzyme. A decision
      between these two possibilities could not be made from the data at hand, although
      analogy with the situation obtaining with 5'-deoxyadenosine suggests that
      adenosine is displaced from the enzyme by CNCbl. 5'-Deoxyadenosine inhibited
      catalytic activity of the enzyme, competing with adenosylcobalamin (Ki = 2.7 mM).
      Adenosine had no effect, despite NMR evidence indicating that it formed a complex
      with free enzyme. These experiments showed that ethanolamine ammonia-lyase
      possesses binding sites for adenine nucleosides, a class of compounds chemically
      related to the Cobeta-ligand of the cofactor, as well as for ethanolamine.
      Binding to the enzyme has now been demonstrated for all three categories of low
      molecular weight compounds thought to be involved in the reaction; namely,
      substrate (ethanolamine), corrin, and adenine nucleoside.

PMID- 1080762
TI  - Nucleocytoplasmic transport and distribution of an amino acid, in situ.
AB  - Ultra-low temperature techniques (microdissection and autoradiography) were used
      to study the nucleocytoplasmic distribution and transport of alpha
      aminoisobutyric acid (AIB) in an amino acid-accumulating cell. In amphibiam
      oocytes incubated in AIB, the nuclear concentration of this non-metabolizable 
      amino acid exceeds the cytoplasmic concentration by 45%, remaining constant both
      over time and variation in substrate concentration. The kinetics of uptake
      suggest that this nucleo-cytoplasmic asymmetry arises from solubility differences
      between the 2 compartments, and that the nuclear envelope plays a negligible role
      in amino acid transport. A solute exclusion model is offered to explain the
      nucleocytoplasmic asymmetry.

PMID- 1080763
TI  - [Leiomyoma of Meckel's diverticulum revealed by a digestive hemorrhage.
      Preoperative diagnosis by selective arteriography].
AB  - The authors report a case revealed by low digestive hemorrhage, and in the light
      of cases in the literature, discuss the various problems due to leiomyomas in
      Meckel's diverticulum. They emphasize particularly the risk of late diagnosis at
      the stage of leiomyosarcoma. As it is impossible to say afterwards whether a
      muscular tumour of the digestive tract is benign or not, it is important to make
      an early diagnosis. Arteriography is one of the best means.

PMID- 1080764
TI  - Commodity consumption and ischemic heart disease mortality, with special
      reference to dietary practices.

PMID- 1080765
TI  - Detection of adenovirus in patient specimens by indirect immune electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Immune electron microscopic procedures for the detection of adenovirus type 7
      directly in throat swab specimens from patients are described. Nineteen of 25
      throat swab samples, known to be positive for adenovirus type 7 by isolation of
      virus from tissue culture, were shown to contain aggregates of adenovirions
      coated with antibody. Sensitivity tests of the immune electron microscopic method
      showed that as few as 16 to 32 tissue culture infective doses of virus could be
      detected by the direct immune electron microscopic technique. It was also
      demonstrated that aggregation of virus-antibody complexes could be further
      enhanced by use of anti-immunoglobulin G sera (indirect immune electron
      microscopic procedures). These results demonstrate that examination of patient
      specimen by immune electron microscopic procedures is a feasible and rapid method
      for adenovirus detection and suggest that it could be applied as a routine
      laboratory procedure for the diagnosis of other virus infections.

PMID- 1080766
TI  - Obligately anaerobic strains of Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus vaginalis).
AB  - Six obligately anaerobic strains of Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus
      vaginalis) have been isolated and their characteristics studied. The reactions of
      the anaerobic strains, as well as of facultative strains tested under anaerobic
      conditions, are similar to the reactions previously reported for this species.

PMID- 1080767
TI  - Problems in the detection of carriers of haemophilia A.
AB  - Factor VIII activity and factor VIII related--or Willebrand--antigen were studied
      in 49 known carriers of haemophilia A and 31 normal women, and the data were
      analysed by four statistical approaches. Sixteen per cent of normals and 18% of
      carriers were misclassified, overlapping with the other group. Although the
      percentage of carriers detected is higher when taking into account the results of
      both biological and immunological factor VIII, it is lower than others recently
      reported, and the discrepancies between the results obtained are discussed.

PMID- 1080768
TI  - Unmyelinated preganglionic fibers in frog ventral roots.
AB  - It has been suggested that the preganglionic visceral fibers in the frog are
      unmyelinated. To obtain further evidence for this suggestion: (1) the percentages
      of unmyelinated fibers and the myelinated fiber histograms were done for all frog
      ventral roots, (2) the number of unmyelinated fibers were counted on either side
      of a chronic section of the seventh ventral root and (3) compound action
      potentials were obtained for roots 7-10. The results are that slightly more than
      80% of the unmyelinated fibers in the seventh ventral root arise in the spinal
      cord and are presumably unmyelinated preganglionic efferents. Furthermore, a C
      fiber volley could be followed from the seventh ventral root into caudal parts of
      the sympathetic chain. Thus this data provides confirmation for the idea that
      many frog preganglionic fibers are unmyelinated. This study also shows that 24%
      of the ventral root axons in the frog are unmyelinated and that, on the basis of
      percentages of unmyelinated fibers and myelinated fiber histograms, there are
      five categories of frog ventral roots.

PMID- 1080769
TI  - An investigation of the family background of acute Haemophilus infections of
      children.
AB  - Nose and throat swabs, for culture of Haemophilus influenza type b, and blood
      samples, for measurement of antibodies specific for that serotype, were collected
      from members of 28 families from which children had been admitted to hospital
      with acute H. influenzae type b infections (mainly meningitis or epiglottitis).
      The patients with meningitis were younger than those with epiglottitis and had
      more siblings, with a marked predominance of sisters. Investigations within a few
      days of admission of the affected children to hospital detected carriers of H.
      influenzae type b (19 altogether) in 13 of the 28 families, including 9 of the 13
      families with 3 or more children. Members with raised antibody titres for H.
      influenzae type b (suggesting the presence of the organism for at least a few
      weeks) were found in 17 of the 25 families from which blood samples were
      obtained, including all 11 families with 3 or more children. Most of the patients
      probably acquired their infections from within their own families, and siblings
      under 11 years old were of predominant importance both as carriers and as
      potential sources of the patients' infections. Persistence of the organism within
      families for up to 6 months was demonstrated. Possible reasons for the difference
      in age-incidence between haemophilus meningitis and epiglottitis and for the
      occurrence of the former in babies with older sisters are suggested, and also a
      possible connection between the results of this survey and the likely value of
      immunization against H. influenzae type b.

PMID- 1080770
TI  - Regulatory substances produced by lymphocytes. II. Lymphotoxin in the rat.
AB  - Rat lymphotoxin (LT), a soluble mediator which kills L cells (mouse fibroblasts)
      within 48 hr, was partially purified by conventional protein fractionation
      procedures from the culture supernatants of rat lymph node cells stimulated with
      ovalbumin in vivo and rechallenged with the same antigen in vitro. It appeared,
      from the elution pattern of DEAE-cellulose chromatography, to be a neutral or
      slightly basic protein and was inactivated at 60 degrees C. Its molecular weight
      was estimated by Sephadex gel filtration to be approximately 9 times 10(4)
      daltons. Partially purified LT, in titration studies, showed single hit kinetics.
      It also inhibited L cell proliferation at low concentration without significant
      killing effect. The heat inactivation curves of both cytotoxic and proliferation
      inhibitory activities were the same, suggesting that these two activities may be
      caused by the same molecule. However, it had almost no detectable effect on the
      DNA synthesis of rat lymph node cells stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA),
      suggesting that lymphocytes, at least those which respond to HA, are rather
      resistant to LT. It is suggested that activities described as "proliferation
      inhibitory factor" and "cloning inhibitory factor" by others may represent the
      activity of dilute LT. The "inhibitor of DNA synthesis" is distinct in molecular
      character, range of target cells, and target cell kinetics from LT.

PMID- 1080771
TI  - An analysis of the defective response of CBA/N mice to T-dependent antigens.
AB  - CBA/N mice fail to respond to T-independent antigens, and give a diminished
      response to T-dependent antigens. The cellular basis of the diminished response
      to T-dependent antigens in this strain was analyzed by means of adoptive
      transfers of various primed cell populations along with cells from the
      immunologically normal, histocompatible strain CBA/CaJ. CBA/N mice behaved
      normally as recipients and had normal levels of spleen helper cell activity.
      However, CBA/N spleen cells, used as a B cell source, produced only 56% as much
      antibody as CBA/CaJ cells. Since CBA/N mice have a relative frequency of
      immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes roughly half that of normal mice, these
      results suggest that CBA/N mice have a quantitative defect in spleen B cells
      responsive to T-dependent antigens.

PMID- 1080772
TI  - Antigenic analysis of Chlamydiae by two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis. I.
      Antigenic heterogeneity between C. trachomatis and C. psittaci.
AB  - Tw0-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis was used for the antigenic analysis of
      Chlamydia. Antigens of chlamydiae were found to be successfully solubilized with
      the nonionic detergent Triton X-100. Nineteen and 16 distinct components were
      observed for Chlamydia trachomatis strain L2/434/Bu and C. psittaci strain
      Meningopneumonitis/Cal-10, respectively. The triton-solubilized antigens of
      chlamydiae differ strikingly between species since only one strong reciprocal
      cross-reacting antigen was observed between 434 and Cal-10. However, the antigens
      of Trachoma strain K/UW-31/Cx and LGV strain 434 were found to be very similar.

PMID- 1080773
TI  - Triggering mechanism of B lymphocytes. I. Effect of anti-immunoglobulin and
      enhancing soluble factor on differentiation and proliferation of B cells.
AB  - Stimulation of rabbit mesenteric lymphocytes with anti-immunoglobulin antibody
      (anti-Ig) for 24 hr (first stage of culture) followed by the addition of
      enhancing soluble factor (second stage of culture) induced the formation of IgG.
      The presence of mitotic inhibitors, such as cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C),
      hydroxyurea (HU), with anti-Ig for the first 24 hr of incubation did not inhibit
      the production of IgG induced by anti-Ig and soluble factor. The addition of
      cytochalasin-B in the first stage of culture with anti-Ig did not inhibit, but
      rather enhanced, the formation of IgG. On the other hand, the presence of Ara-C,
      HU, or cytochalasin-B with soluble factor in the second stage of culture
      completely inhibited the production of IgG. Soluble factor preferentially induced
      the uptake of thymidine of anti-Ig-stimulated cells. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
      also induced the proliferation of rabbit lymphocytes, but did not induce the IgG
      production of anti-Ig-stimulated cells. However, LPS-stimulated cells formed a
      significant amounf of IgG when they were cultured with soluble factor. Anti-Ig
      stimulated cells absorbed the enhancing activity of soluble factor, but non
      stimulated cells did not absorb the activity. These results showed that cross
      linkage of Ig receptors or LPS receptors with anti-Ig or LPS induced the
      formation of acceptor sites for soluble factor without the requirement of cell
      division and these activated cells started to proliferate and maturate to
      antibody-forming cells under the influence of soluble factor.

PMID- 1080774
TI  - Triggering mechanism of B lymphocytes. II. Induction of ornithine decarboxylase
      in B cells by anti-immunoglobulin and enhancing soluble factor.
AB  - In vitro stimulation of rabbit lymphocytes with anti-immunoglobulin antibody
      (anti-Ig) induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) (EC4.1.1.17) in the cells. The
      enzyme activity reached the maximum at 8 hr after stimulation of the cell with
      antibody and returned to the unstimulated level after 20 hr. The optimum
      concentration of antibody to produce the maximum activity of ODC was 25 mug/ml,
      which was in the same range that required for the maximum production of IgG and
      the highest rate of DNA synthesis. ODC was again induced with soluble factor (SF)
      in the cells that had been previously treated with anti-Ig antibody for 24 hr.
      The treatment of the cells with anti-thymocyte serum and complement did not
      affect the activity of the enzyme induced by anti-Ig or by SF, indicating that
      enzyme induction was an event occurring in B cells and not in T cells. The
      addition of mitotic inhibitors, such as hydroxy-urea (HU) or cytosine arabinoside
      (Ara-C), to the culture with anti-Ig did not inhibit the production of ODC. The
      presence of cytochalasin-B with anti-Ig did not inhibit, but rather enhanced, the
      synthesis of ODC. On the other hand, the presence of HU or cytochalasin-B with
      soluble factor completely suppressed the induction ODC. These results suggested
      that intracellular events that trigger the induction of ODC by the interaction of
      Ig receptor with anti-Ig may be different from the events that induce the same
      enzyme triggered by SF.

PMID- 1080775
TI  - B lymphocyte differentiation from fetal liver stem cells in89 Sr-treated mice1.
AB  - 89Sr treatment was used to determine if stem cells in young fetal liver could
      differentiate to mature B lymphocytes in adult animals that lacked functional
      bone marrow. Isotope injection alone resulted in a severe and lasting depletion
      of bone marrow cells and particularly lymphocytes, multipotential stem cells, and
      progenitors for granulocytes and macrophages. The latter two functional
      populations of cells expanded in number in the spleen but not the liver after
      their destruction in bone marrow. The total body content of stem cells did not,
      however, return to normal. Spleen B cells and lymphocytes lacking B or T cell
      markers were reduced by 89Sr treatment and possible reasons for this depletion
      are discussed. B lymphocytes were formed in lethally x-irradiated mice that had
      less than 1% of normal bone marrow function after reconstitution with fetal liver
      cells. These cells were immunologically mature by virtue of their ability to
      mount a primary immune response and function in a thymus-independent adoptive
      anti-hapten response.

PMID- 1080776
TI  - Immune response to a syngeneic mammary adenocarcinoma. I. Comparison of kinetics
      of tumor cell growth and cytotoxic responses in syngeneic and allogeneic rats.
AB  - The rat mammary adenocarcinoma 13762A is weakly immunogenic in syngeneic hosts.
      Transplantation immunity is not developed after injection of irradiated tumor
      cells. Two cell types were isolated from the tumor: one grew slowly forming solid
      implants; the second grew rapidly in ascites form, even in allogeneic hosts.
      Spleen cells cytotoxic for a tissue culture derivative of the tumor were produced
      in animals after injection of either cell type indicating a common antigen. The
      kinetics of tumor growth and production of cytotoxic spleen cells were compared
      in syngeneic and allogeneic animals. In vivo rejection of the tumor in allogeneic
      hosts did not correlate with the in vitro assay of spleen lymphocyte
      cytotoxicity. Futhermore, the cytotoxic response of spleen cells from syngeneic
      tumor-bearing hosts parallels that found in allogeneic hosts.

PMID- 1080777
TI  - IgM antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the Moloney sarcoma virus
      system: the involvement of T and B lymphocytes as effector cells.
AB  - Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV)
      system was analyzed with respect to the subpopulations of effector cells involved
      in tumor target cell destruction when IgM was used as the sensitizing antibody.
      With unfractionated sera from animals that had undergone regression primary MSV
      tumors it was found that macrophages did not contribute to the cytotoxicity
      induced by normal spleen cells that were syngeneic to the target cells. The IgM
      fraction of MSV regressor sera was found to induce cytotoxicity against the
      target cells by immunoadsorbent column-fractionated normal spleen cells, which
      were either depleted of T cells or B cells, according to the specificity of the
      columns. Immune IgM was also found to potentiate the activity of MSV regressor
      spleen cells that had been similarly fractionated. Furthermore, IgM antibody was
      found to induced cytotoxicity by normal spleen cells which had been depleted of
      either T or B cells by the appropriate antiserum (anti-T or anti-Ig) in the
      presence of complement and subsequent recovery of the viable cells by
      trysinization, filtration, and washing. However, spleen cells treated with both
      anti-T and anti-Ig sera simultaneously in the presence of complement and
      subsequet recovery of viable cells, were not induced to be cytotoxic against the
      IgM-coated tumor target cells. Further support oy T cells was provided by an
      experiment showing the induction with IgM of cytotoxicity against the target
      cells by normal thymocytes.

PMID- 1080778
TI  - The humoral response of mouse spleen cells to two types of sheep erythrocytes.
      II. Evidence for gene expression in the B lymphocyte.
AB  - There is multigene control of the response of mouse spleen cells to two types of
      sheep erytrocytes (H and L). Discriminator strains of mice make a much higher
      response to extra antigens found only on H SRBC than to the shared antigens found
      on both types of erythrocyte. Non-discriminator strains respond only to the
      shared antigens, making a responses as great as the discriminator response to the
      extra antigens. The cell type in which this genetic control is expressed was
      investigated by a number of methods for studying the role of the macrophage, T
      cell, and B cell in the production of anti-SRBC response. The results provide no
      evidence that the gene(s) operate at the macrophage, T cell, or any other
      accessory cell level. The data from B cell-limiting dilution experiments are
      compatible with genetic expression at the B cell level.

PMID- 1080779
TI  - B cells in the appendix and other lymphoid organs of the rabbit: complement
      receptor lymphocytes.
AB  - Complement receptor lymphocytes were demonstrated in rabbit lymphoid organs, the
      spleen containing the highest numbers (35%) and the thymus none. Extremely
      variable numbers (up to 50%) were detectablein the appendix. B and T cell
      depletion, rosette depletion, and histologic staining indicate that these CRL are
      B cells in the rabbit as in other species. The variable behavior of B cells in
      the appendix suggests a difference between this lymphoid organs population and
      those of other rabbit lymphoid organs.

PMID- 1080780
TI  - Reappraisal of lymphocyte classification by means of surface morphology.
AB  - Prior scanning electron microscope studies have indicated that T (thymus derived)
      lymphocytes appear "smooth" while human B (thymus independent) lymphocytes appear
      "hairy" with numerous microvilli covering their surfaces. A recent report (24)
      has raised some doubt as to the validity of classifying lymphocyte subpopulations
      on this purely morphologic basis. We have examined lymphocytes taken from
      congenitally athymic "nude" mice (lacking T cells) and compared them with those
      taken from normal littermates and CBA/J mice (both having T cell populations). We
      have determined that there are no distinguishable differences between the
      distribution of surface morphologies of lymphocytes from animals either with or
      without T and B cells. Our studies indicate that the classification of T and B
      cells, based on cell surface features, requires more than just finding out
      whether or not the cells are smooth or hairy.

PMID- 1080781
TI  - Genetic complementation of histocompatibility-linked Ir genes in the rat.
AB  - Different inbred rat strains that are congenic with respect to the major
      histocompatibility system (H-1) show either' a low, an intermediate, or a high
      immune response to the synthetic polypeptide (H, G)-A--L. Two out of four low
      responder H-1 haplotypes are found to complement intermediate responsiveness to
      high responsiveness. This effect is observed for the primary and secondary
      response and is detectable at the humoral and cellular level, i.e., antibody
      production and anamnestic response in vitro. Interallelic and intergenic
      complementation models are outlined. The ensuing implications for H-linked Ir
      gene control of immune responsiveness and for the structure of major
      histocompatibility systems are discussed.

PMID- 1080782
TI  - Studies of thymic factors. I. Evaluation of the mouse rosette assay for thymic
      hormone.
AB  - The restoration of sensitivity to azathioprine of athymic (nu/nu) mouse splenic
      rosette-forming cells (RFC) has been used by others to assay thymic hormone.
      These previous studies have led to the conclusion that a major factor in the
      development of autoimmunity in New Zealand (NZ) mice and patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the premature loss of thymic hormone. We have
      studied the mouse rosette assay and find that poly A-Poly U and single stranded
      DNA, in addition to thymosin, restored azathioprine sensitivity to nu/nu RFC.
      Thus, other substances may mimic thymic hormone, perhaps via the cyclic AMP
      system. Furthermore, antibodies to T cells were found to interfere with the
      assay. Sera from old NZ mice which contain naturally occurring thymocytotoxic
      antibodies (NTA) failed to restore azathioprine sensitivity. Small quantities of
      NTA prevented normal sera from functioning in the assay. We conclude that the
      role of thymic hormone(s) in the development of autoimmunity in NZ mice and
      patients with SLE must be completely reevaluated.

PMID- 1080783
TI  - Interactions between T and B lymphocytes in immune responses.

PMID- 1080784
TI  - T-cell membrane characteristics of "mycosis cells" in the skin and lymph node.
AB  - In some patients with mycosis fungoides atypical cells ("mycosis cells") are
      found in the blood. Recently the T-cell membrane characteristics of these
      atypical cells have been described. In this paper the results of a study of the
      atypical cells isolated from the lymph nodes and the skin lesions of three
      patients with mycosis fungoides are presented. Using electron microscopy, it
      could be demonstrated that the atypical cells formed rosettes with uncoated sheep
      red blood cells, but not with antibody-complement-coated sheep erythrocytes,
      indicating the T-cell membrane characteristics of the atypical cells.

PMID- 1080785
TI  - Basilar artery ectasia. (An unusual cause of a cerebello-pontine lesion and
      hemifacial spasm).

PMID- 1080786
TI  - Histiocytosis X of the larynx.
AB  - The present report is concerned with the observation of histiocytosis X in the
      larynx in a man aged 57 years. This localisation of the process is quite unusual
      and we have found only one similar case in the literature. The differential
      diagnosis and possible etiological factors are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1080787
TI  - Supplementary auditory and vestibular stimulation: effects on institutionalized
      infants.

PMID- 1080788
TI  - X-linked B-lymphocyte immune defect in CBA/N mice. II. Studies of the mechanisms
      underlying the immune defect.
AB  - The mechanisms underlying the X-linked thymus-independent (B) lymphocyte
      functional defect in the CBA/N (CN) mice and their F1 progeny were studied.
      Immune defective mice were unable to respond to the T-independent antigen 2,4
      dinitrophenyl-lysyl-derivative of Ficoll (DNP-lys-Ficoll) but were able to form
      antibody against the highly cross-reactive hapten (trinitrophenyl) when it was
      coupled to an erythrocyte carrier. Immune defective CN X DBA/2N (DN) F1 male
      mice, which do not normally respond to T-independent antigens, were able to
      respond to both polyribosinic-polyribocytidylic acid and DNP-lys-Ficoll after the
      administration of CN X DN F1 female spleen cells even if these cells had been
      depleted of T lymphocytes. In addition, it was shown that the inability of the CN
      mice and their F1 progeny to respond to T-independent antigens was not due to an
      intrinsic abnormality of their microenvironment or the suppressive actions of a T
      lymphocyte. Our data present evidence that the X-linked defect in the CN mice is
      due to an intrinsic defect in B-lymphocyte development.

PMID- 1080789
TI  - The ontogeny of antigen-specific T cells.
AB  - Although the fetal lamb is unable to form circulating antiovalbumin antibodies
      until about 120 days of gestation, ovalbumin-specific helper T cells can be
      stimulated to function at an earlier age. This would suggest that the critical
      event responsible for the precise sequential maturation of immunologic competence
      to different antigens at different developmental stages is not the first
      appearance of specific receptors on immunocytes. Alternative explanations of this
      phenomenon are discussed.

PMID- 1080790
TI  - Localization of aggregated cell surface antigens of target cells bound to
      cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
AB  - The redistribution of aggregated cell surface antigens of target cells bound to
      cytotoxic T lymphocytes was investigated. It was found that cap formation induced
      by antibody always occurred toward the site of binding. It is suggested that the
      polar localization of capped target cell surface determinants is a consequence of
      cytotoxic T-lymphocyte target cell interaction.

PMID- 1080791
TI  - Kinetic study of T lymphocytes after sensitization against soluble antigen. III.
      Potentiation and suppression of the PHA response by antigen-activated lymphocytes
      of low density.
AB  - Lymph node cells of ovalbumin-sensitized rats were separated on the basis of
      buoyant density into fractions reciprocally enriched in cells responsive to
      ovalbumin or phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Recombination of high density and low
      density fractions in varying proportions resulted in potentiation or suppression
      of the DNA synthetic response to PHA in culture. The response of cultures
      containing equal numbers of high and low density cells was markedly greater than
      the sum of the two populations stimulated separately. However, when decreasing
      numbers of low density cells were cultured with a constant number of high density
      cells, profound suppression was observed.

PMID- 1080792
TI  - Clonal growth of hamster free alveolar cells in soft agar.
AB  - Free alveolar cells obtained from healthy unstimulated hamsters were tested for
      their ability to form colonies in soft agar. Every bronchial washing so far
      tested contained colon-forming cells. The average plating efficiency was 8.1%
      (2.4-18.3%). Alveolar colony-forming cells were characterized by having a long
      initial lag period (4-8 days) and only mononuclear phagocytes were found in the
      colony. Medium conditioned by baby hamster kidney cells or other cells was
      required for the initiation and maintenance of their growth. Alveolar cells from
      normal mice and rats also formed colonies under appropriate culture conditions.

PMID- 1080793
TI  - Coelomic fluid and blood serum proteins of the metamorphosing bullfrog tadpole.
AB  - Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) tadpoles were divided into four groups containing
      Gosner ('60) stages as follows: I, 27-31; II, 32-36; III, 37-41; IV, 42-46.
      Extractable coelomic fluid volume from late metamorphic tadpoles (Group IV) was
      found to have a highly significant (p less than 0.001) negative correlation with
      stage; tadpole weight also had a negative correlation with stage (p less than
      0.025). No significant correlation was found between coelomic fluid volume and
      tadpole weight. Group IV blood serum protein levels (x = 1.30 +/- SEM 0.10 G/100
      ml serum) were shown to be significantly higher than corresponding coelomic fluid
      serum protein levels (x = 0.80 +/- 0.06 G/100 ml). Electrophoresis data
      demonstrated an increase in the albumin fraction of both blood serum and coelomic
      fluid during metamorphosis. I-125 labeled human serum albumin equilibrated with
      the blood serum at equal concentrations about ten hours after an intracoelomic
      injection. A coelomic fluid turnover time fo 26% per hour was calculated from the
      tracer data. We hypothesize that a slight sieving occurs at the coelomic fluid
      inflow site with none at the outflow site.

PMID- 1080794
TI  - Fertilization of green frog (Rana clamitans) eggs in their native jelly by
      bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) sperm.
AB  - Fertilization of R. clamitans eggs in their native jelly occurred when
      inseminated with high concentrations of R. catesbeiana sperm. Contrary to
      previous evidence, the block to cross-fertilization of the R. clamitans egg is
      not complete. This raises the possibility that R. clamitans x R. catesbeiana
      hybrids may form in nature.

PMID- 1080795
TI  - Structural dynamics of frog muscle during isometric contraction.
AB  - Intensity fluctuation autocorrelation functions of laser light scattered by
      actively contracting muscle were measured at points in the scattered field. They
      were reproducible and showed characteristics which depended on the physiological
      state of the muscle and the parameters of the scattering geometry. The
      autocorrelation functions had large amplitudes and decay rates that varied
      significantly with the phase of the contraction-relaxation cycle. The dependence
      of the autocorrelation function on scattering geometry indicated many elements
      with diameters on the order of 0.5 mum (presumed to be myofibrillar sarcomeres or
      their A bands or I bands) undergo independent random changes in their axial
      positions and their internal distribution of optical polarizability during the
      plateau of an isometric tetanus. The experimental results are interpreted in
      terms of a model in which most of the scattering elements in isometrically
      contracting muscle have random fluctuating axial velocities of average magnitude
      20 nm/ms that persist for a few milliseconds at least. In addition to these axial
      motions there are local fluctuations in polarizability. Similar intensity
      fluctuation autocorrelation functions were observed throughout the active state
      on two muscle preparations, whole sartorius muscle and small bundles of single
      fibers (three to eight) of semitendinosus muscle. These results imply that the
      tension developed during an isometric tetanus contains a fluctuating component as
      well as a constant component.

PMID- 1080796
TI  - Actions of external hypertonic urea, ADH, and theophylline on transcellular and
      extracellular solute permeabilities in frog skin.
AB  - Increases in transepithelial solute permeability were elicited in the frog skin
      with external hypertonic urea, theophylline, and vasopressin (ADH). In external
      hypertonic urea, which is known to increase the permeability of the extracellular
      (paracellular) pathway, the unidirectional transepithelial fluxes of Na
      (passive), K, Cl, and urea increased substantially while preserving a linear
      relationship to each other. The same linear relationship was also observed for
      the passive Na and urea fluxes in regular Ringer and under stimulation with ADH
      or 10 mM theophylline, indicating that their permeation pathway was
      extracellular. A linear relationship between Cl and urea fluxes could be
      demonstrated if the skins were separated according to their open circuit
      potentials; parallel lines were obtained with increasing intercepts on the Cl
      axis as the open circuit potential decreased. The slopes of the Cl vs. urea lines
      were not different from that obtained in external hypertonic urea, indicating
      that this relationship described the extracellular movement of Cl. The intercept
      on the ordinate was interpreted as the contribution from the transcellular Cl
      movement. In the presence of 0.5 mM theophylline or 10 mU/ml of ADH, mainly the
      transcellular movement of Cl increased, whereas 10 mM theophylline caused
      increases in both transcellular and extracellular Cl fluxes. These and other data
      were interpreted in terms of a possible intracellular control of the theophylline
      induced increase in extracellular fluxes. The changes in passive solute
      permeability were shown to be independent of active transport. The responses of
      the active transport system, the transcellular and paracellular pathways to
      theophylline and ADH could be explained in terms of the different resulting
      concentrations of cyclic 3'-5'-AMP produced by each of these substances in the
      tissue.

PMID- 1080797
TI  - Resolution of the potassium ion pump in muscle fibers using barium ions.
AB  - When frog sartorius muscles recover from Na enrichment in the presence of
      external K, net K entry into the fibers occurs by both passive movement and
      active inward transport via a K pump. Under normal conditions, it has not been
      possible to experimentally distinguish these processes. Fractionation into the
      flux components must be accomplished from inferences concerning the K conductance
      or permeability during a period of rapid Na extrusion. The best estimates
      indicate that 60-80% of the K entry occurs via the K pump. In the presence of Ba
      ions, the membrane permeability to K is very much reduced. Under these
      conditions, Na-enriched muscles underwent a normal recovery in the presence of
      external K, and the amount of inward K movement due to the K pump rose to over
      90% of the total K entry. The characteristics of the K pump studied by this means
      were: (a) essentially complete inhibition by 10(-4) M ouabain, (b) inhibition by
      [Na]omicron, (c) activation by [K]omicron according to a rectangular hyperbola in
      the absence of [Na]omicron, (d) linear activation by [Na]iota over a wide range
      in concentration, (e) zero or undetectably low pumping rate as [Na]iota leads to
      0, (f) the number of Na ions actively transported per K ion actively transported
      is 1.4-1.7 normally and 1.1 in the presence of Ba.

PMID- 1080798
TI  - Variation of muscle stiffness with force at increasing speeds of shortening.
AB  - Single frog skeletal muscle fibers were attached to a servo motor and force
      transducer by knotting the tendons to pieces of wire at the fiver insertions.
      Small amplitude, high frequency sinusoidal length changes were then applied
      during tetani while fibers contracted both isometrically and isotonically at
      various constant velocities. The amlitude of the resulting force oscillation
      provides a relative measure of muscle stiffness. It is shown from an analysis of
      the transient force responses observed after sudden changes in muscle length
      applied both at full and reduced overlap and during the rising phase of short
      tetani that these responses can be explained on the basis of varying numbers of
      cross bridges attached at the time of the length step. Therefore, the stiffness
      measured by the high frequency legth oscillation method is taken to be directly
      proportional to the number of cross bridges attached to thin filament sittes. It
      is found that muscle stiffness measured in this way falls with increasing
      shortening velocity, but not as rapidly as the force. The results suggest that at
      the maximum velocity of shortening, when the external force is zero, muscle
      stiffness is still substantial. The findings are interpreted in terms of a
      specific model for muscle contraction in which the maximum velocity of shortening
      under zero external load arises when a force balance is attained between attached
      cross bridges somr interpretations of these results are also discussed.

PMID- 1080799
TI  - Attempts to measure endogenous levels of dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan in rat
      brain.
AB  - We have used previously published analytical methods of high sensitivity,
      developed in our laboratory, in an attempt to detect endogenous dopa and 5
      hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in normal rat brain. In the brains of rats killed by
      decapitation we were unable to detect any dopa and found only a few ng/g of 5
      HTP. Higher levels were found in the brains of rats killed by exposing their
      heads to microwaves. The levels of dopa found under these conditions varied
      considerably between different rat strains, and also between different
      experiments on the same strain, ranging between 2.5 and 13.8 ng/g. True resting
      levels may be lower than those observed because the procedure necessitated a
      short-lasting immobilization stress which increased the dopa (but not 5-HTP)
      levels. The 5-HTP levels were also variable and ranged between 5 and 25 ng/g. The
      highest levels of dopa and 5-HTP were found in the Japanese Wistar strain with
      spontaneous hypertension. Some analytical pitfalls are pointed out.

PMID- 1080800
TI  - [Pineal organ and parietal eye of Lacerta vivipara: a qualitative and
      quantitative microscopic study of the uptake of 3H-5-hydroxytryptophan during
      ontogenesis].
AB  - After comparison of results obtained by different modalities of 3h-5HTP
      injections (involving intraallantodic, intraventricular and intraperitoneal
      injections), the intraperitoneal one was retaineed to study experimental
      cytochemcal biosynthesis of indoleamines, in the epiphysis of Lacerta vivpara J.,
      during ontogenesis. From stage 36 of embryogenesis, the selective
      radioautographic labelling, significant of atritiated indoleamines storage, was
      located in the distal part of the epiphysis. From stage 36 to 40 (just before
      hatching) and 3 days after hatching, microscopic and microphotometric studies
      point out, in the epiphysis epithelium, a highly significant increase in
      tritiated infoleamines rate. In contrast, the weak nonspecific reactions, in the
      neighbouring brain structures (dorsal telencephalon, tectum opticum and
      paraphysis), stay constant. The metabolism and storage sites of indoleamines
      belong to sensory line cells. During ontogenesis, these sites appear successively
      in distal, middle and proximal epiphysis and from the basal to the upper part of
      the sensory line cells. The embryonic parietal eye, in spite of structural
      analogies, does not take up the radioactive compound.

PMID- 1080801
TI  - T lymphocyte differentiation in vitro in ataxia telangiectasia associated with
      lymphosarcoma.

PMID- 1080802
TI  - The life cycle of Haematoloechus coloradensis Cort 1915 (Digenea:
      Plagiorchiidae), with emphasis on host susceptibility to infection.
AB  - Mother and daughter sporocysts and xiphidiocercariae of Haematoloechus
      coloradensis develop in the snail, Physa virgata. Cercariae penerate and encyst
      in dragonfly nymphs, Tramea sp., Libellula sp., Anax sp., and in damselfly
      nymphs, Enallagma spp. Upon ingestion by the vertebrate host, metacercariae
      excyst and migrate into the lungs where they mature. Haematoloechus coloradensis
      is specific for its definitive host, R. pipiens, but shows some development in
      Ambystoma tigrinum. Although H. coloradensis is specific for its snail host, all
      odonate species tested served equally well as the second intermediate host.

PMID- 1080803
TI  - The effect of temperature on desensitization kinetics at the post-synaptic
      membrane of the frog muscle fibre.
AB  - 1. The time course of acetylcholine (ACh) potentials during development of
      desensitization was prolonged when a double-barrel ACh pipette was used for
      evoking desensitization. When a single-barrel ACh pipette was used, no change in
      the time course of ACh potential was to be seen during desensitization. 2. The
      recovery after desensitization did not depend on the rate of onset or on its
      level when a single ACh pipette was used. The half-time of recovery had a
      constant value of about 5.8 sec in the presence of chlorpromazine or SKF-525 A in
      a muscle bath at 22 degrees C. 3. Unlike the rate of onset, recovery from
      desensitization does not depend on the membrane potential. 4. The rate of onset
      of desensitization, i.e. time taken for reduction of ACh potentials to half-way
      between the initial amplitude and final steady value, decreased when temperature
      of the muscle bath was lowered. 5. Q10 of desensitization onset was found to be
      1.5 for a change of temperature from 32 to 22 degrees C, 1.9 from 22 to 12
      degrees C, 2.6 from 12 to 5 degrees C and 3.3 from 12 to 2 degrees C. 6. A
      similar temperature effect was observed in the case of desensitization recovery,
      the Q10 being 1.2 for temperature changes from 32 to 22 degrees C, 1.3 from 22 to
      12 degrees C and 2.36 from 12 to 2 degrees C. 7. Intracellular application of
      quaternary methiodide of SKF-525 A or chloropromazine caused more rapid
      desensitization by ACh. The rate of desensitization onset depends on the ACh dose
      and on the frequency of application. The rate of recovery, however, has a
      constant value with a half-time of 5.5-5.7 sec at 22 degrees C. 8. Both the rate
      of onset and the rate of recovery changed with temperature in the case of
      intracellular potentiation of desensitization, in a similar manner to that
      observed after extracellular application of these drugs. 9. The onset of
      desensitization can thus be influenced by different substances as well as by
      changes in temperature. Recovery apparently has a different mechanism from the
      onset, because its time course can be altered only by changes in temperature of
      the muscle.

PMID- 1080804
TI  - Stimulation by aldosterone of the sodium efflux in barnacle muscle fibres:
      effects of RNA inhibitors and spironolactone.
AB  - 1. Single muscle fibres from the barnacle Balanus nubilus have been studied to
      provide information about the mode of action of aldosterone on Na transport in a
      symmetric cell. 2. Neither internal nor external application of aldosterone
      modified the course of the Na efflux. However, fibres pre-exposed overnight to a
      dose of aldosterone showed a biphasic response to external aldosterone. The first
      phase was prompt in onset and consisted of a falling rate constant for Na efflux
      becoming a constant. This has been interpreted as indicating that aldosterone
      acts by releasing sequestered or bound Na. The second phase was delayed in onset
      with the average latent period being 68 min. It consisted of a step-up in the
      rate of Na efflux, followed by a transitory rise in the efflux rate constant.
      This second phase was dose-dependent, the minimum concentration being 10(-9) M.
      3. Internal application of aldosterone in a concentration as low as 10(-10) M
      promptly stopped the rate constant for Na efflux from further falling but failed
      to cause delayed stimulation. 4. The response of the Na efflux into Li-ASW
      following external application of aldosterone was bi-phasic. The magnitude of the
      delayed stimulation was comparable to that found in controls. 5. No correlation
      between latent period or size of the internal Na bound fraction, and the
      magnitude of the delayed stimulation could be established. 6. Internal
      application of actinomycin-D, alpha-amanitin or cordycepin shortly before
      application of external aldosterone caused complete abolition of the delayed
      stimulation. 7. Overnight pre-exposure of the barnacle to actinomycin-D caused
      complete abolition of the falling rate constant for Na efflux, as well as the
      delayed stimulation caused by external aldosterone. 8. Internal application of
      spironolactone SC-14266 shortly before external application of aldosterone caused
      complete abolition of the biphasic response to the steroid. 9. It is concluded
      that (i) barnacle fibres can be made sensitive to aldosterone, (ii) the biphasic
      effects on the Na efflux depend on prior induction of RNA, (iii) the first effect
      caused by internal or external aldosterone involves mobilization of sequestered
      Na, (iv) the results obtained with spironolactone are in keeping with the current
      view that aldosterone interacts with a receptor system before causing de
      repression. 10. The implications of the finding that aldosterone releases
      sequestered Na are briefly touched upon.

PMID- 1080805
TI  - Amino acid movements across the wall of anuran small intestine perfused through
      the vascular bed.
AB  - 1. L-leucine transfer across the wall of the small intestine has been studied in
      a vascularly perfused preparation from four species of frog. Some properties of
      the preparation are described. 2. A description is given of the endogenous amino
      acids appearing in the vascular bed and of the kinetic properties of this washout
      of endogenous L-leucine. 3. In the steady state of absorption, the transfer
      function relating the net flux of exogenous L-leucine into the vascular bed to
      the concentration in the lumen exhibits saturation. Under the conditions of the
      experiments the apparent concentration in the lumen for half-maximum transfer of
      L-leucine is found to be 2-1 +/- 0-4 (5) mM. 4. When Na ions are removed from the
      lumen the transfer of L-leucine into the vascular bed is inhibited. However, the
      additional removal of Na ions from the fluid in the vascular bed is further
      inhibitory to the transfer of the amino acid. 5. L-leucine previously absorbed
      from the lumen appears in the vascular bed in a biphasic fashion. Estimates are
      deduced of the size of the pool of L-leucine within the tissue which drains into
      the vascular bed. 6. These results are discussed in relation to previous work on
      amino acid transport undertaken with various sorts of preparation of small
      intestine.

PMID- 1080806
TI  - The relative contributions of the folds and caveolae to the surface membrane of
      frog skeletal muscle fibres at different sarcomere lengths.
AB  - The plasmalemmal area of striated muscle fibres is greater than the apparent
      surface area (A = circumference x length) because of variable folds and the
      invaginations of the caveolae and T-tubules. Freeze-fracture replicas of the
      surface membrane of sartorius and semitendinosus muscles from Rana pipiens have
      been used to determine the numbers and distribution of folds and caveolae at
      different sarcomere lengths. (1) The plasmalemma folds are variable in size and
      shape, but are always oriented perpendicular to the long axis of the fibre. The
      folds vary with stretch, being more prominent at short sarcomere lengths. The
      caveolae are elliptical invaginations of the plasmalemma which open to the
      outside by a narrow "neck" of approximately 20 nm. The caveolar lumen has an
      average long dimension of 81.6 +/- 11.7 nm and an average short dimension of 66.9
      +/- 7.9 nm. The caveolar "necks" only can be seen in freeze-fracture replicas and
      these are distributed in two circumferential bands on either side of the Z-line,
      and in longitudinal bands separated by distances of 1-5 mum. In the sartorius
      muscle, at a sarcomere length of 2.8 mum, there is an average number of thirty
      seven caveolae per square micrometer of fibre surface. (2) During passive stretch
      the opening of folds provides membrane for the necessary increase in surface area
      up to a sarcomere length of about 3.0 mum. This length is defined as the critical
      sarcomere length (Sc). The number of caveolae remains constant at all sarcomere
      lengths less than Sc and thus their "necks" have been used as membrane markers to
      determine the amount of folding at different sarcomere lengths. The membrane area
      contained in folds and caveolae is expressed as a fraction of the apparent
      surface area (A). For example, in the sartorius muscle, at a sarcomere length of
      2.4 mum, the membrane area, excluding the T-tubules, is: A + 0.1A (folding) +
      0.7A (caveolae) = 1.8A. (3) For stretch beyond Sc membrane is provided by the
      opening of caveolae. At a sarcomere length of about 8 mum all the caveolae are
      open and the fibres rupture with further stretch. (4) The relative contributions
      of folds and caveolae vary with sarcomere length in a way that is consistent with
      assumptions of constant volume and plasmalemma area. The maintenance of constant
      plasmalemma area, even after excessive stretch, suggests that the plasmalemma is
      relatively inelastic in this situation.

PMID- 1080808
TI  - [On decrease in spike height of nerve action potential. A comparison between
      sciatic nerve and ENM (author's transl)].
AB  - Employing ENM and a sciatic nerve removed from bullfrog, configuration of
      decrease of spike under various experimental conditions was studied. The
      amplitude of the membrane potential change in excitation was also recorded
      simultaneously with the decrease of spike in ENM (electric nerve model). Both on
      the nerve and ENM, with decrease of the resting potential, the amplitude of the
      spike and the amplitude of the change of the membrane potential were decreased.
      On the nerve and ENM, the decrease in spike amplitudes was induced by an
      elevation of the niveau and by a lowering of the top. However, the amplitude of
      the change of membrane potential of ENM was reduced only from the base of the
      spike due to an elevation of the niveau, with the top remained at a constant
      level. These decreases of the spike amplitude and the change of the membrane
      potential in nerve were consistent with that the electric constitution was the
      same for nerve and ENM, which is the experimental equivalent circut of the nerve
      fiber devised by the authors.

PMID- 1080807
TI  - [Action of droperidol on the ionic currents and the contraction of the sino
      auricular fiber of frogs. Study of its anti-arrhythmic properties].
AB  - 1. The effects of Droperidol on ionic currents were studied in frog atrial fibres
      by means of double sucrose-gap technique associated with an optical method for
      recording contraction. 2. Droperidol (5-10(-5) M) caused a significant reduction
      in the amplitude of the inward currents and slowed their inactivation kinetics.
      The decrease in the sodium and calcium current intensity may be related to the
      reduction in the maximum conductance for these ions. 3. A decrease in the
      amplitude of the first component of contractile response was shown to depend upon
      a reduction of the intensity of the calcium current. 4. Droperidol affected
      neither the potassium outward current nor the second component of the contractile
      response. 5. Repetitive activity induced by long-lasting depolarizing current
      pulses was suppressed by Droperidol. This suppression may be related to the
      decrease in the maximum conductance for sodium and calcium ions. 6. Droperidol
      increased the delay of the reactivation of the inward currents and prolonged the
      refractory period. 7. These results suggest that the cardiac properties of
      Droperidol are mainly due to a decreased conductance to Na and Ca ions.

PMID- 1080809
TI  - Alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes in sex chromosome mosaicism.
AB  - We report the alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes of 21 patients with sex chromosome
      mosaicism and their parents. The proportion of heterozygotes in the group of
      parents is significantly greater (p less than 0.01) than that proportion in both
      control groups. The maternal or paternal contribution to the statistical
      significance of this observation cannot be distinguished in our small sample of
      families.

PMID- 1080810
TI  - R-factor mediated beta-lactamase production by Haemophilus influenzae.
AB  - Production of beta-lactamase by 15 strains of Haemophilus influenzae has been
      investigated. All the strains produce a constitutive beta-lactamase, which
      readily hydrolyses penicillin G, ampicillin, and cephaloridine. The beta
      lactamase produced by these strains is indistinguishable from the type-IIIa
      enzyme commonly found in strains of Escherichia coli. The beta-lactamase gene has
      been transferred from the enzyme-producing strains of Haemophilus to strains of
      H. parainfluenzae and a strain of E. coli.

PMID- 1080811
TI  - Letter: Pronunciation and acoustics.

PMID- 1080812
TI  - [Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation in von Willebrand's disease,
      thrombasthenia and essential athrombia with special reference to AHF-like antigen
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080813
TI  - [Thymus gland and immunological mechanism].

PMID- 1080814
TI  - [Two cases of multiple bowenoid lesions. A clinical and histological study
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080815
TI  - [Experimental studies on pseudoglandular squamous cell carcinoma. Histogenesis
      and electron microscopic studies of pseudoglandular structure (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080816
TI  - [Fatty acid composition of atopic skin surface film lipids (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080817
TI  - Effects of hypertonic urea solution on the contractility of the bullfrog
      ventricle.
AB  - The effects of hypertonic urea solution on the excitation-contraction coupling of
      the bullfrog's heart muscle were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Small
      strips obtained from the ventricular wall of Rana catesbiana were used.
      Contractile tension as well as transmembrane action potential were recorded in
      the single sucrose-gapped arrangement. The muscle weight was measured in order to
      check the changes in the dimension of muscle fiber both during isotonic and
      hypertonic perfusions. Light microscopic study was also performed to compare the
      effect of hyperosmolar urea with that of sucrose. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: 3.0 T
      urea solution exerted a triphasic change in twitch tension during hypertonic
      perfusion and a biphasic change during the recovery perfusion. An initial rapid
      decline was restored to the original level within 10 min and after an overshoot a
      secondary gradual decrease was observed during hypertonic perfusion. In spite of
      parallel change in the action potential duration with the time to peak tension
      there was an increase in dp/dt during the restoration phenomenon. The calcium
      sensitivity was altered in the 3.0 T-urea solution and thus in Ca-free solution
      the rate constant of the slow component of twitch decline was decreased. The
      muscle weight remained decreased during the whole period of hypertonic perfusion.
      Histological study revealed that the fiber bundles soaked in hypertonic urea
      solution show normal appearance whereas those in sucrose exhibit a marked
      shrinkage. These results show that urea can penetrate the heart muscle membrane
      easily and that urea has some augmenting action on the E-C coupling process.

PMID- 1080818
TI  - [Clinical aspects of "Endophthalmitis phacoanaphylactica" (author's transl)].
AB  - 29 cases of Endophthalmitis phacoanaphylactica were diagnosed out of a total of
      1300 enucleated eyes examined histologically between 1966 and 1974. Clinically
      the correct diagnosis was made only once. Most frequent misdiagnoses were:
      phthisis, recurrent iritis, and panophthalmitis. Important factors for a correct
      clinical diagnosis are: 1. history of injury at least 2-3 weeks previously, 2. a
      cataract present at the onset of the disease, 3. an endophthalmitis, often
      associated with extreme i.o. hypotension. Treatment consists of an immediate and
      total removal of lens material, regardless of the hypotension or of inflammatory
      signs. The retinal architecture is usually astonishingly well preserved, even in
      cases with extreme destruction of the anterior segments.

PMID- 1080819
TI  - [Anomaloscopic results in extrem-anomalous trichromats (author's transl)].
AB  - The results in 55 extreme deuteran and 34 extreme protan trichromats examined
      with the anomaloscope are reported, which make together about 9% of all red-green
      vision disturbances in a group of Federal Army relatives. Not only the deuteran
      but also the protan group make fewer mistakes with red colours as with green.

PMID- 1080820
TI  - [The action of triglycylvasopressin on control subjects and patients with upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding (author's transl)].
AB  - Nalpha-glycyl-glycyl-glycyl-(8-lysine)-vasopressin, a hormone analogue with
      prolonged pharmacological action due to slow release of active nonapeptide by
      enzyme action in vivo, has been administered to 5 control subjects and to 14
      patients actively bleeding from upper gastrointestinal sites. The control
      subjects showed a prolonged pressor response to 100mug/kg body weight associated
      with a rise in cardiac output, with no ECG signs of myocardial toxicity. 13 of
      the 14 bleeding patients showed not only pressor responses and haemodynamic and
      clinical improvement when administering doses of 20-100 mug/kg, but clear signs
      of standstill of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1080821
TI  - Improved survival after coronary artery surgery in patients with extensive
      coronary artery disease.
AB  - Survival in patients with ischemic heart disease is closely related to the extent
      of coronary artery obstruction as determined angiographically. One hundred forty
      nine consecutive patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery from November,
      1971, to October, 1974. There were 2 late cardiac deaths, 1 late noncardiac
      death, and 1 hospital death, an operative mortality rate of 0.7 per cent and a
      total mortality rate of 2.7 per cent. Coronary angiograms were scored according
      to the method of Friesinger, Page, and Ross. Fifty-four per cent (80/149) had
      scores of 10 or greater. Cumulative survival was analyzed according to life-table
      techniques; in the 80 surgically managed patients with scores of 10 or greater,
      survival at 3 years was 98 per cent. Friesinger's 47 nonoperated patients with
      similar angiographic scores had a 3 year cumulative survival of 68 per cent.
      Although this study compares different groups, the surgical series was composed
      of older patients (mean age 52 as compared to 44 years), includes 22 patients
      operated on urgently for preinfarction angina pectoris, and includes 18 patients
      with abnormal ventricular function. These data suggest that coronary artery
      bypass surgery can favorably influence prognosis in patients with severe coronary
      artery disease.

PMID- 1080822
TI  - Acute myocardial infarction: a surgical emergency.
AB  - Preservation of viable myocardium is the primary goal of coronary artery surgery.
      Our total experience with coronary artery bypass grafting is 1,612 patients,
      operated upon from March 13, 1969, through Jan. 31, 1975 (2.85 per cent over-all
      mortality rate). Four hundred thirteen patients were operated upon on an
      emergency basis. Of this group, 96 were having acute myocardial infarctions and
      317 were in the preinfarction syndrome. Emergency coronary artery bypass surgery
      was performed with 5 deaths (5.2 per cent) in the acute myocardial infarction
      group and 4 deaths in the preinfarction group (1.26 per cent). These patients had
      a much lower mortality rate than that of medically treated patients in the acute
      myocardial infarction group. Postoperative catheterization studies on the acute
      myocardial infarction group showed a 96 per cent rate of primary graft patency.
      Follow-up studies through 3 years, 10 months show only 1 late death (4 months
      after the operation). The in-hospital and the first year mortality rates in a
      medically treated group with acute myocardial infarction were compared with the
      surgically treated group. The result was a mortality rate of 30 per cent with
      medical treatment and 6.3 per cent with surgical treatment. Actuarial analysis
      demonstrated a greater than 20 per cent difference in mortality rate at 1 year,
      in favor of surgical treatment. The lower surgical mortality coupled with the
      early and late clinical results prove that emergency coronary bypass is superior
      therapy in selected patients with acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1080823
TI  - Preservation of myocardial ultrastructure.
AB  - This study compares the effects of 2 hour periods of normothermic anoxic arrest,
      continuous normothermic coronary perfusion, continuous cold coronary perfusion,
      and topical cooling of the ischemic myocardium on survival and ultramicroscopic
      structure of the canine myocardium. No animal survived 2 hours of normothermic
      anoxic arrest. Severe ultrastructural damage was observed in the nuclei,
      mitochondria, and myofibrils. Topical cooling of the ischemic myocardium to 15
      degrees C. markedly improved survival and preservation of the myocardial fine
      structure. Continuous perfusion of the coronary arteries with cold blood resulted
      in 100 per cent survival through the experimental period, with preservation of
      the normal myocardial ultrastructure. The technique of cold coronary perfusion
      should be particularly useful in cardiac surgical patients in whom maximal
      preservation of myocardial function is essential for survival.

PMID- 1080824
TI  - [Role of antiglobulins in perinatal pathology and some glomerular nephropathies].

PMID- 1080825
TI  - [Gastric hemorrhage--sign of hemophilia?].

PMID- 1080826
TI  - [Electrical hazards in endoscopic polypectomy].

PMID- 1080827
TI  - [The lymphatic system and immunology, Partial report from the 5th International
      Congress in Lymphology].

PMID- 1080828
TI  - [Massive gastroduodenal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1080829
TI  - [Intensive therapy of shock, especially using proteinase inhibitors].

PMID- 1080830
TI  - [Lymphocyte population in patients with warm type autoimmune hemolytic anemia
      (AIHA)].

PMID- 1080831
TI  - An Haemophilus influenzae mutant which inhibits the growth of HP1c1 phage.
AB  - A strain of Haemophilus influenzae, called hpm- inhibits the growth of phage
      HP1c1 but not S2. This inhibition is overcome by HP1c1ph mutants. Phage HP1c1
      adsorbs normally to hpm- cells but only a small fraction of infected cells
      produce phage with a normal burst size or become lysogenic. When hpm- strains
      lysogenic for HP1c1 are induced, 100 percent of the cells yield phage. There is
      no degradation of phage DNA after infection of hpm- cells and HP1c1 can normally
      grow when its DNA is introduced into hpm- by transfection. The most probable
      explanation is that in hpm- cells the penetration of phage DNA is blocked. The
      hpm- property behaves as as unstable mutation.

PMID- 1080832
TI  - Inversion of stereospecificity by methylation of compounds acting at
      acetylcholine receptors.

PMID- 1080833
TI  - Tests for the mutagenic actions of a number of chemicals on Haemophilus
      influenzae with special emphasis on hydrazine.
AB  - A number of chemicals have been tested for their ability to produce novobiocin
      resistant mutants in Haemophilus influenzae. Of these, hydrazine (HZ) proved
      unique because it induced a fairly high incidence of mutation without killing
      significant numbers of cells at concentrations ranging over nearly four orders of
      magnitude. Moreover, its dose-effect curve increased very slowly initially and
      reached a relatively low maximum. It is suggested that HZ may be acting as both a
      mutagen and an antimutagen in this system. HZ has sometimes been characterized as
      primarily an inactivating agent rather than as a mutagen. Obviously, quite the
      opposite is true for H. influenzae. Moreover, a survey of the literature shows
      that HZ has been used effectively to produce mutations in phage, bacteria, higher
      plants and Drosophila. There is reason to suspect that it produces mainly single
      locus mutations rather than chromosomal aberrations, but the amount of
      information on this point is still very small. The effectiveness of a mutagen can
      be markedly affected by the criterion of effectiveness used. If a high incidence
      of mutation with reasonably high cell survival is the criterion, then mutagens
      that are relatively nontoxic would probably be considered highly effective. In
      this case, the maximum mutation rate that can be achieved in practice may be
      controlled either by toxicity or by maxima like the one found for HZ. If, on the
      other hand, the important criteria are the concentration and exposure time needed
      to produce a detectable increase in mutation, then some quite toxic mutagens
      would be considered quite effective even though the maximum mutation that can be
      produced in practice is low. The first criterion is the one to use in choosing
      mutagens for detailed analysis of the mutation process, but the second set of
      criteria may be more suitable for generalizing to other organisms, for example
      from microorganisms to man, since toxic effects can be quite different in
      different cell types.

PMID- 1080834
TI  - Impaired synthesis of polyclonal (non-paraprotein) immunoglobulins by circulating
      lymphocytes from patients with multiple myeloma Role of suppressor cells.
AB  - Since patients with myeloma have serious abnormalities of humoral immunity, we
      applied an in vitro assay to determine the capacity of B lymphocytes to mature
      into immunoglobulin-secreting cells. In peripheral blood lymphocytes from 22
      normal persons, geometric mean immunoglobulin synthesis was 4910 ng for IgM, 1270
      ng for IgA and 1625 ng for IgG. The synthesis rates of peripheral blood
      lymphocytes of 22 patients with myeloma were 458 ng for IgM, 321 ng for IgA and
      218 ng for IgG. Circulating mononuclear cells from three of six patients tested
      suppressed polyclonal immunoglobulin synthesis by cocultured normal lymphocytes.
      Suppressive activity was not mediated by purified T cells alone. Removal of
      phagocytic mononuclear cells from lymphocyte populations of one patient nullified
      suppressive activity. Removal of phagocytic mononuclear cells from lymphocyte
      populations of a second patient led to a nearly 10-fold increase in polyclonal
      immunoglobulin synthesis. Therefore, host suppressor cells may play a part in the
      decreased capacity of B lymphocytes to secret immunoglobulin in certain patients
      with myeloma.

PMID- 1080835
TI  - Editorial: Cellular regulation of humoral immunity.

PMID- 1080836
TI  - Letter: Heparin and T cells.

PMID- 1080837
TI  - Influence of antidiuretic hormone on release of lysosomal hydrolase at mucosal
      surface of epithelial cells from urinary bladder.

PMID- 1080838
TI  - Presence of factor VIII-related antigen in blood platelets of patients with Von
      Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1080839
TI  - Surveillance for ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b strains in
      North Carolina.

PMID- 1080840
TI  - Aneurysm of the internal auditory artery revealed by a partial cerebellopontine
      angle syndrome.
AB  - A case of aneurysm of the distal portion of the middle cerebellar artery is
      described. The aneurysm was clipped and, as the neck was long, removed. The case
      is of interest not only because of its rarity but also because of the unusual
      course of the symptoms, the difficulty of identifying and locating the
      malformation, overcome with the aid of modern radiological techniques, and
      because of the success of surgical treatment.

PMID- 1080841
TI  - Stimulation and inhibition of serotoninergic mechanisms in rat brain: alterations
      of morphine effects on striatal dopamine metabolism and on motility.

PMID- 1080842
TI  - The chain guide technique for selective ventriculography.
AB  - A technique for selective ventriculography using a chain as a guide, utilizing
      gravity has been previously described by the author. Additional details of
      manipulation and injections are now reported. The cisterns have also been reached
      with the technique and narrow spaces as aqueductal stenosis has been passed
      through with the chain.

PMID- 1080843
TI  - The prevalence of fleece derangement in some Australian and New Zealand flocks
      infested with the sheep itch mite, Psorergates ovis.

PMID- 1080844
TI  - Maternal mortality in a teaching hospital in southern India. A 13-year study.
AB  - During the 13 years 1960-1972, in a teaching hospital that serves a predominantly
      rural and semiurban population in southern India, there were 74,384 deliveries
      and 1245 maternal deaths, a maternal mortality rate of 16.7 per 1000 births.
      Direct obstetric factors caused 854 (65.5%) of these deaths. The leading indirect
      or associated causes of maternal deaths were anemia, cerebrovascular accidents,
      and infectious hepatitis. During the past 13 years, monthly maternal mortality
      meetings have helped to reduce the incidence of avoidable factors in maternal
      deaths among patients from the city but not among those brought from the
      surrounding countryside. The important causes of maternal deaths in this
      developing country, and their prevention, are individually discussed.

PMID- 1080845
TI  - Ophthalmologic and genetic study of a family with nyctalopia and myopia.

PMID- 1080846
TI  - [Congenital hereditary corneal dystrophy associated with various extraoculary
      anomalies].
AB  - Two subjects (brother and sister), children of consanguineous parents, showed a
      typical congenital corneal dystrophy associated with mental retardation and a
      bilateral malformation of the little finger. One of them, a boy of 10, was fat
      and showed a hearing loss for high tones. His corneal opacity diminished during 7
      years observation. Seeing that the affected tissues were of mesenchymal origin,
      the authors conclude that the syndrome was mesodermal.

PMID- 1080847
TI  - Petechial hemorrhages of the soft palate secondary to fellatio.
AB  - A 25-year-old white woman was evaluated for "spots" on the roof of her mouth of 2
      days' duration. The initial history, physical examination, and laboratory data
      all failed to indicate any cause for the bleeding diathesis. Therefore, a more
      intensive history was initiated which disclosed a probable case for fellatio as
      the cause of the spots. The intraoral examination showed the spots to be
      petechial hemorrhages located on the soft palate in the area of the insertion of
      the tendons of the tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini muscles. The
      mechanism of injury producing these petechiae was postulated to be the combined
      muscular actions initiated reflexively through tactile stimulation and the
      negative pressure created through irrumation, both acting simultaneously on the
      mucosa of the soft palate. This case is presented to illustrate an addition that
      should be made to the differential etiologic factors of intraoral petechiae.

PMID- 1080848
TI  - Palatal erythema: another etiologic factor.
AB  - The authors present three cases which created diagnostic problems. The etiology
      of these is, in the authors' experience, unique and not generally known. It is
      suggested that this etiology be considered whenever palatal erythema, ecchymoses,
      or petechiae are seen.

PMID- 1080849
TI  - [Determination of the origin of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage by selective
      abdominal angiography].

PMID- 1080850
TI  - Histocompatibility locus antigen W27 and the rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1080851
TI  - [Letter: Deficit of T-lymphocytes in psoriasis].

PMID- 1080853
TI  - The problem-oriented record vs the nursing care plan: a proposal.

PMID- 1080852
TI  - [Letter: Frequency of HBs antigen on the Banks islands (New Hebrides)].

PMID- 1080854
TI  - Sensible prescribing. The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1080855
TI  - [Evaluation of a new antirheumatic agent in general practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1080856
TI  - A dominant X-linked factor in manic-depressive illness: studies with color
      blindness.

PMID- 1080857
TI  - Endotoxin-induced release of colony-stimulating activity in man.
AB  - Six healthy adult volunteers were injected intravenously with Pseudomonas
      endotoxin (Piromen) to determine effects on serum colony-stimulating activity
      (CSA). Serum was assayed with a double-layer agar cloning technique using normal
      human bone marrow as the target cell preparation. A marked increase in serum CSA
      was noted after endotoxin administration lasting up to 180 min. The colonies
      formed in response to postendotoxin serum were smaller than those seen with
      leukocyte feeder layers but were otherwise morphologically normal. These studies
      suggest that granulopoietic humoral factors may be modulated in man by endotoxin
      administration.

PMID- 1080858
TI  - In utero sensitization with influenza virus in man.
AB  - Following a community-wide epidemic of influenza A/England virus infection, 64
      cord blood samples were evaluated for their fetal serum and lymphocyte responses
      to this virus. Cord sera were tested for HI antibody vs. A/England with and
      without 2-ME. A fourfold or greater reduction in titer was observed in four,
      indicating fetal IgM antibody responses. In addition, lymphocyte samples from
      three of 16 tested showed proliferative responses to influenza A suggesting fetal
      lymphocyte sensitization with influenza virus. These data suggest that, in some
      pregnancies, influenza virus is capable of transplacental sensitization of the
      fetus.

PMID- 1080859
TI  - [Subpopulations of lymphocytes].

PMID- 1080860
TI  - [Vulva leukoplakia. Incongruency of concept and nomenclature and its
      identification with various dermatologic lesions, mainly scleroatrophic lichen].

PMID- 1080861
TI  - [Electrocardiographic aspects of hereditary degenerative diseases of the nervous
      system].

PMID- 1080862
TI  - [Use of pivampicillin in the treatment of acute bacterial respiratory
      infections].

PMID- 1080863
TI  - [A modular structured hemodialysis unit].

PMID- 1080864
TI  - [Results obtained with a compressive balloon during acute hemorrhage due to
      esophagogastric varices].

PMID- 1080865
TI  - [1974 medicine starts its way back to the 19th century].

PMID- 1080866
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1080867
TI  - [The cellular immunological status as a prognostic factor in non-Hodgkin
      lymphomas].

PMID- 1080868
TI  - Influence of extracellular calcium and a water-soluble carboxyl group reagent on
      cholinergic drug-receptor interactions in skeletal muscle.
AB  - Contractions of frog rectus abdominus muscles induced by suxamethonium or
      decamethonium, and to a lesser extent by carbamylcholine, were decreased as the
      extracellular calcium concentration was increased. The inhibition of all three
      agonist responses by 1.1 mM calcium was competitive. The contractions induced by
      bis-onium compounds, but not carbamylcholine, were further antagonized at higher
      calcium concentrations (4.4 mM) in a noncompetitive manner. This latter effect of
      calcium may be due to antagonism of bis-onium compounds at a peripheral anionic
      site. Carboxyl group carbodiimide reagents inhibited muscle contractions, and
      this inhibition was slowly reversible. The extent of the inhibition was
      increased, and its recovery delayed, by prior exposure of the muscle to an
      agonist. The results support suggestions that receptor activation initially
      involves displacement of membrane calcium. The study provides further evidence
      that interaction of agonists iwth nicotinic receptors results in structural
      changes, possibly related to increased ion flow.

PMID- 1080869
TI  - [Mucous membrane specific protease inhibitors in bronchial mucus in severe
      chronic obstructive bronchitis and in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency syndrome].
AB  - In the bronchial mucus of 40 patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases we
      measured proteolytic activities, the total protein concentrations, alpha1
      antitrypsin, alpha1-antichymotrypsin, and the free and bound proteinase
      inhibitors together with the total proteinase inhibition against trypsin and
      chymotrypsin. Without exception we always found free proteinase inhibitors
      together with proteolytic activities. The free-to-bound inhibitor rate was
      approximately 1:1 alpha1-Antitrypsin and alpha1-antichymotrypsin was measured in
      sputum only in very low concentrations. One patient with alpha1-anti-trypsin
      deficiency had no alpha1-antitrypsin, but high concentrations of total proteinase
      inhibitor-free and bound being in the same relation - in his bronchial mucus. In
      the alveolar part of the lung, the humoral proteinase inhibitors were effective.
      In the bronchial part of the lung the specific mucosal inhibitors had the decided
      importance. The proteinase inhibition of the mucosa-specific inhibitors is
      probably of great importance for the pathogenesis of airway obstruction, while
      the humoral proteinase inhibitors are responsible for the pathogenesis of
      emphysema.

PMID- 1080870
TI  - [Meningitis caused by ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae].

PMID- 1080871
TI  - [Prevalance of pulmonary tuberculosis in aged patients in the sanitorium (1964
      1973)].

PMID- 1080872
TI  - [Ramsay-Hunt syndrome and aniridia in 2 monozygotic twins].

PMID- 1080873
TI  - [Management of hemorrhage in patients with hemophilia A after tooth extraction].

PMID- 1080874
TI  - [Classification of nonsteroid antirheumatic antalgic agents].

PMID- 1080875
TI  - [Mechanism of action of antirheumatic antalgic nonsteroids].

PMID- 1080876
TI  - [HL-A and psoriatic rheumatism].
AB  - The HL-A groups, including the characteristics of 25 antigens, were measured in
      61 patients suffering from psoriatic rheumatism, among them 9 with central forms
      (pelvispondylitis) and 52 with peripheral forms (polyarthritis with or without
      sacroileitis). Analysis of the results and comparison of them with those of other
      workers led to the following conclusions: 1) Central psoriatic rheumatism is
      associated mainly with W27 and Da31, less closely with HL-A13, and slightly or
      not at all with W17. 2) Peripheral psoriatic rheumatism has the same relationship
      with the HL-A system as has psoriasis without anthropathy. It is associated
      mainly with W17, less closely with Da31 and HL-A13, and slightly or not at all
      with W27. 3) By their relationship to the HL-A system, the two varieties of
      psoriatic rheumatism may be clearly distinguished from one another and from other
      inflammatory rheumatisms. The HL-A groupings are of considerable value in the
      differential diagnosis between central psoriatic rheumatism, peripheral psoriatic
      rheumatism, ankylosing spondylarthritis, the Fiessinger-Leroy-Reiter syndrome and
      rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1080877
TI  - [Presence of cryoprecipitates in the serum of patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis].
AB  - Serum samples from 140 controls (C) and from 72 patients suffering from defined
      rheumatoid polyarthritis (RP) were tested for cryoglobulins (CG). CG were found
      in 19.7 percent of C and 55 percent of RP : a highly significant difference (p
      less than or equal to 0.001). In the controls there was no correlation between
      the CG and age or sex. The RP with cryoglobulins seemed to have more
      inflammation, but systemic manifestations were not any more frequent than in the
      cryonegative RP. In the RP a correlation was noted between the presence of CG and
      the following parameters : increase in the sedimentation rate, rise in serum
      immunoglobulins, IgA and IgC, presence of antinuclear factors, and drop in the C4
      fraction of complement. There was no correlation with the presence of the
      rheumatoid factor in the serum. In 33 cryoprecipitates in the RP, 7 contained
      IgG, 1 IgM, 22 IgM-IgG -- of which 11 contained C1q and 16 rheumatoid factor --
      and 3 contained IgA-IgM-IgG -- of which 1 contained C1q and 2 rheumatoid factor.
      Some of the biochemical data support the hypothesis that likens these
      cryoglobulins to immune complexes.

PMID- 1080878
TI  - Free rheumatoid factor in dental periapical lesions and gingivae of patients with
      rheumatoid disease.
AB  - To determine whether evidence of rheumatoid inflammation, in the form of free
      rheumatoid factor, might be found in the teeth-supporting tissues of patients
      with known rheumatoid disease, tissues from the dental periapical lesions of one
      group of 50 rheumatoid and 23 control patients, and from the marginal gingivae of
      a second group of 58 rheumatoid patients were examined by the direct
      immunofluorescence technique that employed fluroesceinisothiocyanate (FITC)
      labelled aggregated human IgG. The gingival tissues contained no free rheumatoid
      factor. Free rheumatoid factor-producing plasma cells were, however, detected in
      the  dental periapical lesions of 3 of the 50 rheumatoid patients, i.e. in 6%,
      and in 1 of the control patients i.e., in 4%. This control patient had suffered
      from nephritis 10 months prior to the investigation. Because free rheumatoid
      factor did occur, albeit infrequently, in the dental periapical lesions of
      rheumatoid patients, a search for IgG rheumatoid factor, known to occur in
      greater abundance than the IgM type although "hidden", was indicated.

PMID- 1080879
TI  - An evaluation of two new screening tests for rheumatoid factors.
AB  - Two further commercial screening tests for rheumatoid factors have been evaluated
      using both the sheep cell agglutination (SCAT) test and the Rheumaton slide test
      used routinely in this laboratory. In the group of sera tested, the Rheumaton
      test detected all sera with elevated SCAT titres; the Searle RA Latex test failed
      to detect a few of these sera. The Rheumaton test gave many misleading positive
      reactions with sera having insignificant SCAT titres. Far fewer misleading
      positive results were obtained with the Searle test. The Rythrotex test gave
      results similar to Rheumaton but was very difficult to use.

PMID- 1080880
TI  - [Prinzmetal's angor. Apropos of 4 cases. Review of the literature].
AB  - In the light of 4 personal observations of PPPRINZMETAL's angina, a review has
      been conducted of the literature in the 15 years since the condition was first
      described. Although the formal diagnostic criteria for this form of angina
      simultaneously clinical, biological and electrical - anginal attacks occurring at
      rest, often at night, during which elevation of the ST segment is recorded which
      disappears at the end of the attack without any significant rise in enzyme levels
      (SGOT and CPK) - the frontiers of the syndrome appear to have widened since
      PRINZMETAL's description: - Severe proximal stenosis of the coronary arteries is
      not obligatory; they may be only slightly damaged or even healthy. - Prinzmetal's
      angina is by no means always "spontaneous" but is often induced, either by
      psychic factors, which explain the fixed time of the attacks, or by organic
      factors, e.g. cold drinks (Observation No.2). In this event it would appear safer
      to speak of angina or rest as opposed to angina of effort. - In contrast to what
      PRINZMETAL thought, effort tests may sometimes induce angina-type pain with
      elevation of the ST segment, and here the borderline between this syndrome and
      conventional angina with ST segment elevation after effort test (5% of cases) is
      less clear-cut. The two nosologic entities probably reflect the same
      physiopathological situation, i.e. acute myocardial ischemia, and may represent
      the same affection in different phases of development. The prognosis is equally
      bad. - Attacks of rinzmetal's angina are often accompanied by severe and
      sometimes fatal disorders of rhythm, and this influences the therapeutic
      approach. - The coronary spasm posited by PRINZMETAL and others before the advent
      of coronarography is indeed, in the majority of cases, the immediate cause of
      myocardial ischemia and anginal pain, without any preliminary increase in the
      energy requirements of the heart as in the conventional anginal attack. - A
      vasoactive substance present in the circulating blood at the beginning of the
      affection, which may be degraded and subsequently disappear and may be secreted
      by the pathologic coronary artery, was demonstrated in observation No. 4: this
      may, in conjunction with vagal hypertonia, be the causative factor in coronary
      spasm. Study of its pharmacodynamic properties is now in progress.

PMID- 1080881
TI  - Ultrasensitive chemosensory responses by a protozoan to epinephrine and other
      neurochemicals.
AB  - A behavioral assay was developed based on differential tendency of a protozoan to
      attach to an agar gel containing the test substance. The heterotrophic marine
      dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium (Gyrodinium) cohnii responded negatively (less
      tendency to attach) to epinephrine at concentrations above 5 X 10(-15)M and to
      norepinephrine at concentrations above 5 X 10(-9)M. Response to choline as
      choline H2 citrate, choline bitartrate, and choline chloride was negative above
      10(-7)M, but response to the choline analog carbachol was positve (greater
      tendency to attach) in the range 5 X 10(-6) to 5 X 10(-4)M. Other responses to
      neurochemicals at comparable concentrations were: dopa, betaine, and glycine-
      positive; L-glutamic acid, tryptophan, putrescine, and taurine--negative.
      Serotonin was inert, responses to tyrosine and gamma-aminobutyric acid were
      variable, and phenylalanine (6 X 10(-3)M) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5 X 10(-4)M)
      were negative only at the highest concentrations tested.

PMID- 1080882
TI  - Differentiation of red blood cells in vitro.
AB  - Differentiation of red blood cells occurs in organ cultures of both livers and
      kidney tissue from tadpoles of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana. Our evidence
      indicates that different red blood cell lines are produced by the two tissues and
      that these different cell lines contain different tadpole hemoglobins.

PMID- 1080883
TI  - Studies on the pathogenicity of Ancylostoma ceylanicum. I. Blood loss in
      experimental dogs.
AB  - Blood loss caused by A. ceylancium was determined in 13 dogs using 51Cr-labelled
      red cells. Blood loss was first detected in the faeces on the 10th to 13th day
      after cutaneous and 8th to 16th day after oral infection respectively. The mean
      blood loss was found to be 0.033 ml/worm/day and 0.038 ml/worm/day in these 2
      groups of dogs respectively. There was a direct relationship between the number
      of worm and the amount of blood loss. The blood loss expressed as ml per worm per
      day showed a reverse relationship with the number of worms recovered. Considering
      a large amount of blood loss and the decrease in haematological values in these
      dogs, A. ceylanicum should be considered as one of the hookworm species of
      medical importance.

PMID- 1080884
TI  - Tuberculosis in Black children. A retrospective analysis of severe cases.
AB  - A retrospective study of 176 Black children requiring hospital treatment for
      tuberculosis showed that infants and children under the age of 3 years are
      especially susceptible. Extensive and disseminated disease is usually present at
      the time of diagnosis, which was sometimes made difficult by a low tuberculin
      sensitivity caused by malnutrition, measles, or overwhelming infection. Almost a
      quarter of the patients had received BCG. Approximately half the patients had
      disseminated disease; of these, 40% had tuberculous meningitis and 12% died,
      whereas the mortality of those with localised disease was 3%.

PMID- 1080885
TI  - [Myelopoiesis--a kinetic approach].
AB  - The mechanisms of haemopoietic cellular proliferation are more clearly understood
      when the granylocytic, monocytic and macrophagic elements of the bone marrow are
      studied by means of in vitro cultures. Better physiological insight into
      stimulating and inhibitory factors is obtained in this way. These studies are of
      diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic importance in the clinical handling of
      myeloid leukaemia dn neutropenia. It can be accepted today that the concept of
      myeloid leukaemia as a neoplastic process with an increased production of
      autonomous cell populations is to a large extent outdated, and these cells can be
      induced in vitro to differentiate into mature polymorphs. In the past it has been
      demonstrated that in vitro successes are followed by in vivo results, and in
      particular it is hoped that with the development of techniques for concentration
      of colony-stimulating factor, that this might be of therapeutic advantage in
      selected leukaemia patients in the future.

PMID- 1080886
TI  - Onyalai--the possible involvement of a mycotoxin produced by Phoma sorghina in
      the aetiology.
AB  - A number of species of fungi were isolated from millet (Pennisetum typhoides
      Staph and Hubb) and grain sorghum (Sorghum vulgare Pers) obtained from the
      households of patients suffering from onyalai. Several proved to be toxic to rats
      and chickens, including Phoma sorghina (Sacc.) which was the predominating
      fungus. Cultures of P. sorghina grown on maize and wheat were added to standard
      rations at concentrations of 5-30%. When fed to day-old New Hampshire chickens,
      the majority died within 4 days, exhibiting traces of blood on the beak and the
      cloaca. Rats given 10% or more of the mouldered material in the diet developed
      thrombocytopenia after 14 days which was followed by haematuria, epistaxis,
      melaena, and death. Pathological, including histological examination, revealed
      extensive damage to the fascular system which resulted in widespread
      haemorrhages.

PMID- 1080887
TI  - The radiological presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis in children.
AB  - The children in this study had evidence of severe pulmonary disease when they
      were first radiographed. More than one segment, lobe or even lung was frequently
      involved and more than one type of lesion was often present in a patient. The
      right lung was more often affected. Segmental consolidation was common. Cavitary
      disease was particularly evident in children less than 3 years of age and many
      had extrapulmonary dissemination. Pleural effusions, calcification, and the
      acinar opacities of bronchogenic spread, were common in older children.

PMID- 1080888
TI  - Tuberculosis notwithstanding BCG vaccination.
AB  - In a series of 176 patients, 40 children (23%) developed tuberculosis
      notwithstanding BCG vaccination. The type and severity of the disease in this
      group were similar to those of the larger series of which this group was a part.
      However, BCG vaccination appeared to diminish the incidence of dissemination,
      especially tuberculous meningitis, and the number of deaths. The 40% incidence of
      tuberculous contacts probably indicates heavy exposure to infection. BCG offers a
      modicum of protection which the vulnerable should not be denied, but its use
      should not lead to complacency--the potency of vaccines and the technique of
      vaccination require constant surveillance. Case finding remains a priority and
      even BCG-vaccinated patients should be treated for tuberculosis when this is
      suspected.

PMID- 1080889
TI  - Anesthesia for cardiac surgery.

PMID- 1080890
TI  - Therapeutic transluminal arterial embolization for bleeding in the upper part of
      the gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - Diagnosis and the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding by selective and
      superselective technique and the perfusion of vasopressors have been noted to
      have significant success. Transluminal embolization of a bleeding site represents
      an alternative method in patients who represent a poor operative risk and in
      those in whom vasopressor therapy has failed. The potential risks include
      intestinal ischemia and vary with the anatomic site.

PMID- 1080891
TI  - Transcutaneous nerve stimulation for treatment of pain in patients with spinal
      cord injury.
AB  - Results of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in 31 patients with spinal
      cord injury are presented. Success and failure are tabulated according to injury
      location and for type of pain perceived. Results indicate that pain at the site
      of injury is treated more successfully than radiating or central pain.

PMID- 1080892
TI  - Transcutaneous and peripheral nerve stimulation for chronic pain states.
AB  - A series of 120 patients with pain syndromes of varying sources were subjected to
      peripheral nerve electrical stimulation. Transcutaneous, percutaneous and depth
      electrode stimulation methods were employed. Thirty-eight patients obtained
      definite relief and twenty obtained equivocal relief. The remaining 62 patients
      obtained no relief. Pain sources are correlated with treatment results.

PMID- 1080893
TI  - Pain suppression by peripheral nerve stimulation. Part I. Observations with
      transcutaneous stimuli.
AB  - A systematic, strict appraisal was made of 100 patients, after preliminary
      clinical trials suggested that some patients with pain could be helped by
      peripheral nerve stimulation. Transcutaneous stimulation of different nerve
      trunks was done with a special electrical stimulation device with various
      selected electrical parameters. More than half of the patients experienced some
      relief; in many, this effect was obtained by stimulating nerves distant from the
      area of referred pain. Pain relief lasted for varying periods after stimulation.
      The maximum benefit was noticed after certain specific parameters were reached
      for each patient. A few patients had response decay, gain or worsening. Results
      differ to some degree from previous reports. The results seem encouraging for the
      treatment of certain forms of intractable pain.

PMID- 1080894
TI  - Pain suppression by peripheral nerve stimulation. Part II. Observations with
      implanted devices.
AB  - Twenty-three patients underwent implantation of a stimulator system and were
      followed for 6-20 months. Twenty patients estimated between 50% and 100% pain
      relief. The effect was largely consistent and reproducible. Reduced drug intake
      and improved social performance were associated with subjective improvement. The
      surgical technique is given, complications are analyzed and parameters are
      discussed.

PMID- 1080895
TI  - Electrical stimulation of the nervous system.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with chronic pain had dorsal column stimulators implanted
      for pain control over a period of three years. Technical factors of electrode
      placement and type of unit were not found to correlate with the degree of pain
      relief. The preoperative psychological attitude of the patient correlated highly
      with the degree of pain relief and was the single most important factor in
      patient selection and evaluation. Theoretical concepts of pain psychophysiology
      in relation to the gate theory and areas for more extensive investigation of pain
      are discussed.

PMID- 1080896
TI  - Stimulation of the posterior columns of the spinal cord for pain control.

PMID- 1080897
TI  - Dorsal column stimulation: optimization of application.
AB  - Results are reviewed of dorsal column electrical stimulation for chronic pain in
      a series of 80 patients. In the light of the experience gained from this series,
      indications and patient suitability for this form of therapy are discussed.
      Complications occurring after implantation are tabulated.

PMID- 1080898
TI  - Dorsal column stimulation for control of pain: a three-year follow-up.
AB  - The long-term (three-year) effect of dorsal column electrical stimulation for
      chronic pain in a group of 30 patients was generally decreased effectiveness with
      time, and increased stimulation thresholds. Further animal and human studies of
      this technique are recommended.

PMID- 1080899
TI  - Experience with dorsal column stimulation for relief of chronic intractable pain:
      1968-1973.
AB  - Dorsal column stimulators (DCS) have been implanted in 130 patients with various
      chronic pain syndromes at the University of California, San Francisco, between
      1969 and 1973. Preoperative psychiatric evaluation and percutaneous dorsal column
      stimulation testing were of value in rejecting those patients most likely to have
      unsatisfactory long-term results with DCS. Best results occurred in patients with
      phantom limb or peripheral nerve pain and worst results in patients with
      paraplegic pain, documented arachnoiditis, pancreatitis and arthritis. The need
      is stressed for careful preoperative selection and for close, prolonged
      postoperative care in a situation permitting access to multidisciplinary
      facilities for patient care.

PMID- 1080900
TI  - Stimulation of the dorsal spinal cord for treatment of intractable pain: a
      preliminary report.
AB  - Electrical stimulation of the nervous system has been advocated as a means of
      alleviating pain in situations in which more conventional methods have been
      ineffective. A chronically implanted electrode on the dorsal surface of the
      spinal cord may prove to be a valuable adjunct to the neurosurgeon's
      armamentarium for pain control in selected individuals. The physiologic basis for
      this action is unclear but has been related to Melzack and Wall's gate control
      theory. This preliminary report deals with a series of patients treated with
      implanted dorsal cord stimulators.

PMID- 1080901
TI  - Dorsal column stimulation and its prospects.
AB  - Results of a series of dorsal column stimulation implants in 76 patients are
      tabulated and correlated to implant location, type of electrodes used and pain
      causes; complications are also discussed.

PMID- 1080902
TI  - Electrical stimulation of the nervous system for control of pain: University of
      Texas Southwestern Medical School experience.
AB  - A number of electrical stimulation procedures on patients with chronic pain were
      carried out at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School. The
      procedures included dorsal column stimulation, peripheral nerve stimulation by
      means of implants and transcutaneous nerve stimulation. Some of the results are
      discussed and tabulated.

PMID- 1080903
TI  - Spinal cord stimulation in post-amputation pain.
AB  - One of the pre-operative screening tests for dorsal column stimulation involves
      direct acute precutaneous stimulation of the dorsal column. The test simulates
      the postoperative therapeutic situation, shows the patient's reactions to
      electrically induced paresthesias and enables physician and patient to evaluate
      beforehand the degree of pain relief to be obtained with the implant.

PMID- 1080904
TI  - Dorsal column stimulation: optimization of application.
AB  - Although the basic efficacy of dorsal column stimulation (DCS) has been shown,
      its optimal use remains to be defined. Since 1970, a program designed to maximize
      clinical success with DCS has been under way at Temple University Health Sciences
      Center. This article reviews patients screening, operative technique, new
      instrumentation and postoperative adjustment in DCS. Clinical results and long
      term impressions of 90 implants in 75 patients are reported.

PMID- 1080905
TI  - Percutaneous implantation of chronic spinal cord electrodes for control of
      intractable pain: preliminary report.
AB  - A percutaneous technique is described for implanting a dorsal or ventral column
      stimulator for pain control with minimal surgical trauma. If the patient does not
      respond to percutaneous on-surface spinal stimulation, a percutaneous cordotomy
      can be carried out, as the needle is already in the correct position. Stimulation
      of the cord at the C1-2 level can be used for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.

PMID- 1080906
TI  - Evaluation of pain relief.
AB  - Obtaining objective data on pain-relieving procedures is a simple matter.
      Measures of pain, activity levels and analgesic intake can be collected not only
      in a hospital but also in an outpatient setting. The data obtained make possible
      assessment of the effectiveness of a technique in any particular patient, and
      when combined for groups of patients, such data facilitate comparison of the
      effectiveness of different techniques in different pain states.

PMID- 1080907
TI  - Chronic thalamic and internal capsule stimulation for the control of central
      pain.
AB  - Thalamic electrical stimulation by means of chemically implanted electrodes and
      an externally placed transmitter was effected in patients with central pain. Good
      response was obtained in four patients with anesthesia dolorosa, four with
      thalamic syndrome, and one with paraplegic pain. Two patients with medullary
      syndrome experienced no relief. The mechanism of thalamic stimulation in the
      relief of pain is discussed and further clinical trials are anticipated.

PMID- 1080908
TI  - Intermittent stimulation of nucleus ventralis posterolateralis for intractable
      pain.
AB  - A number of patients with intractable pain were subjected to electrical
      stimulation of the nucleus ventralis posterolateralis. Positive results obtained
      support the theory according to which pain is caused by lack of proprioceptive
      stimuli reaching the thalamus. The implantation technique is discussed and
      improvements of electrodes and of the device are proposed. Optimal stimulation
      parameters are defined.

PMID- 1080909
TI  - Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for treatment of chronic pain: a
      preliminary report.
AB  - Two hundred thirty patients received transcutaneous electrical stimulation for
      intractable pain. Although almost 60% of the patients noted some degree of pain
      relief, slightly less than half (43%) of those tested decided to purchase a
      stimulator. About 20% of those who bought stimulators did not continue to obtain
      pain relief from transcutaneous electrical stimulation during the two to six
      month follow-up period. Many others noted a decrease in the amount of pain relief
      they obtained.

PMID- 1080910
TI  - Distal coronary artery bypass: local occlusion vs. ischemic arrest.
AB  - A retrospective study was performed on 65 patients with intractable angina and
      subtotal coronary occlusions undergoing aortocoronary artery bypass (ACB) to
      determine whether the local occlusion (L.O.) or the ischemic arrest (I.A.)
      technique was perferable in performing the distal coronary artery bypass. In 23
      patients who had the method of local occlusion, a 45.7 percent incidence of
      myocardial injury was observed, compared to 42 patients undergoing ACB with
      ischemic arrest in whom an incidence of 22.5 percent occurred. Both serum
      glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and creatine phosphokinase activity
      (CPK) determinations at 24 hours following operation in those patients not
      demonstrating evidence of postoperative injury were statistically higher in the
      local occlusion group compared to the ischemic arrest group. In the L.O. group
      SGOT was 155 I.U. compared to 77 I.U. in the I.A. group (p less than 0.01). CPK
      was 72 I.U. in the L.O. groupcompared to 34 I.U. in the I.A. group (p less than
      0.05). These data suggest that, in subtotal coronary artery obstruction, the use
      of the L.O. technique is associated with a higher incidence of myocardial injury
      than is the technique of total cardiac I.A.

PMID- 1080911
TI  - [Neuroradiologic aspects of cerebrospinal fluid circulation].

PMID- 1080912
TI  - Further investigations on the radioprotective effectiveness of tianabol and other
      drugs in fractionatedly irradiated rats.
AB  - Dianabol administered p.o. in the dose of 1.0 mg/kg during 10 days before
      irradiation-had no radioprotective effect in the fractionated irradiation (5 x
      150 R). Distinct radioprotection, however, was exerted by the DMSO, Trasylol and
      Trichlorfon (30 mg/kg) administration.

PMID- 1080913
TI  - Infection of the mosquito Aedes aegypti with infectious West Nile virus-antibody
      complexes.
AB  - Aedes aegypti fed through chick skin membranes on West Nile virus-homologous
      antiserum mixtures shown by an anti-globulin neutralization test to be highly
      infectious complexes (in terms of plaque formation in tissue culture) failed to
      become infected. Control mosquitoes fed on West Nile virus--normal rabbit serum
      mixtures containing similar or smaller amounts of infectious virus were shown to
      become infected. Mosquitoes ingesting suspensions of West Nile virus previously
      incubated with Murray Valley encephalitis or Ntaya antiserum became infected at
      significantly lower rates (P = less than 0-05) than controls ingesting West Nile
      virus-normal rabbit serum mixtures. West Nile virus--17D yellow fever or dengue-
      2 antiserum mixtures did not produce significantly reduced infection rates in Ae.
      aegypti when compared to controls.

PMID- 1080914
TI  - A technique for separation of canine lymphocytes and their use in the
      lymphocytotoxic, blastogenic, and rosette assys.
AB  - When the techniques established for preparing lymphocytes from human blood were
      applied to canine blood, the resulting preparations were contaminated with
      significant numbers of other blood cells. A three-step technique is described
      here for the separation of canine lymphocytes from blood which eliminates most
      granulocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes. Defibrinated blood is incubated with
      iron particles to allow phagocytosis by granulocytes. When mixed with Plasmagel,
      erythrocytes and iron-containing granulocytes sediment rapidly, leaving a
      lymphocyte-rich supernate plasma which is recovered and banded by centrifugation
      on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. Any erythrocytes remaining in the lymphocyte
      suspension aspirated from the gradient are eliminated by hypotonic lysis and
      centrifugation. The resulting preparation, representing 30 per cent recovery of
      the circulating lymphocytes, contained 85 to 94 per cent lymphocytes with a cell
      viability of 99 per cent. The functional capacity of the lymphocyte preparation
      was tested in three assays: 1) lymphoblastic transformation using
      phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen, 2) E rosette formation with human
      erythrocytes showed a mean 5 per cent rosette forming lymphocytes, 3) antibody
      mediated lymphocytotoxicity using a canine anti-lymphocyte serum showed titers
      reproducible within one tube dilution.

PMID- 1080915
TI  - Letter: Quality control of antiglobulin serum (A.G.S.).

PMID- 1080916
TI  - Immunodeficiency in chronic uremia. Preliminary evidence for thymosin deficiency.

PMID- 1080917
TI  - [Nuclear structures in the late oogenesis of the common frog. I. Light
      microscopic observations].
AB  - The dynamics of the Rana temporaria karyosphere formation throughout different
      seasons was studied in addition to morphological changes in the karyosphere
      components with and without hormonal stimulation of oocyte maturation in vitro.
      Towards the end of summer, the nuclear structure (lampbrush chromosomes and
      multiple nucleoli) were shown to assemble in the centre of the nucleus forming a
      karyosphere. The completely formed karyosphere (up to 150--200 mu in diameter) is
      observed during autumn and winter to consist of the central chromosome part and a
      surrounding capsule. The capsule consists of numerous nucleoli and a distinct
      fibrous component. Filaments penetrating the whole nucleolar zone of the capsule
      are tightly packed around the chromosomes, thus forming the inner fibrous zone of
      the capsule, separating the chromosomes from the nucleoli. On the periphery of
      the karyosphere, threads attached to the nucleoli are clearly seen. This pattern
      of the karyosphere construction is conserved through winter till spring. In
      winter, spherical nucleoli change into rings and necklaces. In spring, nucleoli
      become spherical again and lose their threads. In the period of oocyte maturation
      and disappearance of nuclear envelopes, numerous nucleoli fuse into a single
      conglomeration which later disappears. Only the inner fibrous zone is conserved
      which separates the chromosomes from the cytoplasm and yolk platelets. In this
      state, the karyosphere persists up to the first meiotic metaphase. The nature of
      the fibrous component of the karyosphere capsule, its origin and function are
      discussed.

PMID- 1080918
TI  - [Lymphocyte blast transformation in the mouse spleen under the influence of a low
      molecular humoral thymus factor in vitro].
AB  - The mitogen activity of a low molecular lymphocytosis stimulating substance
      isolated from the thymus (LSS) has been investigated in cultured mouse CBA spleen
      cells. LSS caused transformation of lymphocytes to the blast cells capable of
      mitotic division. The initial signs of transformation were observed after 24
      hours of incubation, reaching the maximum in 48 hour old cultures. The
      stimulating action of LSS held true for about 7 days. The intensity of
      blastogenesis depended on the dose of LSS. A high concentration LSS inhibited the
      blastogenic response. B-lymphocytes are not sensitive to LSS. It is concluded
      that the low molecular humoral factor of the thymus activated specifically the
      thymus-depended lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080919
TI  - [Surgical treatment of coronary sclerosis. Preliminary surgical results].

PMID- 1080920
TI  - [Coronary surgery. Preliminary experience with surgical treatment of coronary
      sclerosis].

PMID- 1080922
TI  - [Von Willebrand's disease].

PMID- 1080921
TI  - [Dental treatment in patients with hemophilia].

PMID- 1080923
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, mitochondrial antibodies and possible primary
      biliary cirrhosis. A case report and family study.
AB  - A case of a 70-year-old woman with a history of gastric ulcer and several
      pneumonias is presented. She was found to have pulmonary emphysema, severe alpha
      1-antitrypsin (alpha1AT) deficiency and raised serum mitochondrial antibodies.
      Surgical liver biopsy showed portal liver cirrhosis, PAS-positive,
      diastaseresistant globules in the hepatocytes and changes interpreted as florid
      duct lesion of primary biliary cirrhosis. A brother has severe alpha1AT
      deficiency. Two daughters had raised mitochondrial antibodies. One of the latter
      had a granulomatous hepatitis, a common finding in primary biliary cirrhosis. The
      association of alpha1AT deficiency and primary biliary cirrhosis does not seem to
      have been described previously.

PMID- 1080924
TI  - The cause of hemifacial spasm: definitive microsurgical treatment at the
      brainstem in 31 patients.
AB  - Hemifacial spasm, like tic douloureux and several other cranial nerve dysfunction
      syndromes, is a symptom caused by cross compression-distortion, usually arterial,
      of the appropriate nerve at the brainstem. Symptoms of disordered hyperactivity
      and mild loss of function can be reversed by microsurgical mobilization of the
      vessel away from the nerve. This appears to be a safe and definitive procedure,
      but it should be performed only by a trained microneurosurgeon with experience in
      the cerebellopontine angle.

PMID- 1080925
TI  - Reactive hyperemia as an index to coronary arterial narrowing.

PMID- 1080926
TI  - Rod response to sinusoidally flickering light.

PMID- 1080927
TI  - Kinetics of long-lived rhodopsin photoproducts in the frog retina as a function
      of the amount bleached.

PMID- 1080928
TI  - Variation in the lambdamax of rhodopsin from individual frogs.

PMID- 1080929
TI  - Self-reported health behavior and attitudes of youths 12-17 years. United States.

PMID- 1080930
TI  - Utilization of short-stay hospitals. Summary of nonmedical statistics. United
      States - 1972.

PMID- 1080931
TI  - [Use of a UHF impulse electrical field in autonomic polyneuritis and angiospastic
      syndrome of the hands of an occupational origin].

PMID- 1080932
TI  - [Experience in treating lumbosacral radiculitis with sinusoidal modulated
      currents in a complex with natural factors at Slavyansk Health Resort].

PMID- 1080933
TI  - [Instructions for the use of the intervertebral-disk antirheumatic-injection
      solution].

PMID- 1080934
TI  - [Immunological cell markers on lymphoblasts of patients with acid phosphatase
      positive acute leukemia (author's transl)].
AB  - Blast cells of 4 patients with acid phosphatase positive acute leukemia were
      investigated for T and B lymphocyte markers. Nearly all blast cells showed a
      typical T cell marker, namely spontaneous rosette formation with sheep red blood
      cells. No surface immunoglobulin was demonstrable on these cells. 3 of these 4
      patients showed an enlargement of the upper mediastinum most probably due to the
      thymus. The conclusion is drawn that the acid phosphatase positive acute leukemia
      is a T cell leukemia. Some clinical data about these 4 patients are given.

PMID- 1080935
TI  - [Current concepts of the morphology and some biochemical properties of vaginal
      trichomonads].

PMID- 1080936
TI  - [Studies on the effectiveness of Indocid in small oral-surgical interventions].

PMID- 1080938
TI  - [Preparation of monospecific immunoglobulin fractions (IgG, IgM) and anti
      immunoglobulin sera (anti-IgG, anti-IgM) for the quantitative serum
      immunoglobulin determination in dogs].

PMID- 1080937
TI  - [DNA repair in murine lupus].
AB  - DNA repair was investigated in New Zealand Mice strains which develop murine
      lupus, and compared with Swiss control mice. Unscheduled DNA synthesis
      demonstrated by autoriadiography was used to measure the repair capacity of
      spleen cells. After gamma-irradiation DNA repair was decreased in the autoimmune
      strains, while it was significantly increased after UV-irradiation. A possible
      relationship between repair capacity after gamma-respectively UV-irradiation and
      the etiologic factor of autoimmunity is discussed.

PMID- 1080939
TI  - [Treatment of progressive muscular dystrophy].
AB  - The paper summarizes experience in treating 306 patients with progressive
      muscular dystrophy during different phases of the disease. The treatment was made
      with due consideration for a disturbed protein metabolism, a decreased
      permeability of the membrane in muscular filaments, a normalization of the
      metabolic product supply from the blood, improvement of the blood flow and cardio
      vascular and respiratory insufficiency. The treatment was carried out in the form
      of a continuous use in in- and out-patient conditions of a session of anabolic
      hormones, vascular dilatative drugs, anticholinesterase preparations, amino
      acids, vitamins, drugs facilitating the cardio-vascular and respiratory activity.
      Besides, the patients were treated by oxygenobarotherapy, muscular
      electrostimulation by currents of sound frequencies, remedial gymnastics,
      massage, hypdrotherapy, etc. The authors propose typical treatment complexes. A
      follow-up study of patients who received a full course of therapy during three
      years demonstrated its effectiveness which was expressed by the absence of
      clinical signs of progressiveness.

PMID- 1080940
TI  - [Influence of homologous n-alcanols on functional properties of isolated skeletal
      muscles IV. Action potential].
AB  - The influence of homologous n-alkyl alcohols (C2, C4, C8) on the membrane action
      potentials of isolated frog skeletal muscle fibres has been studied using the
      sucrose-gap method. 1. The alcanols tested effect a decrease in the height of the
      action potential and prolong the recovery phase of the spike. The threshold for
      excitation is increased. 2. The amplitude of these alcanol induced effects
      depends on the concentration of the alcanols, on the time of exposure and on the
      length of the hydrocarbon chain of the alcanols. 3. Membrane resistance, membrane
      resting potential, and membrane capacity are not affected by concentrations of
      alcanols which effect changes in the membrane action potential. 4. The findings
      are discussed in regard to alterations induced by alcanols in the conductance
      changes associated with a membrane action potential.

PMID- 1080941
TI  - Hemobilia: a case with recurrent jaundice cured by removal of a blood clot from
      the common bile duct.
AB  - A 78-year-old woman was admitted for recurrent jaundice, fever and biliary colic.
      At operation the common duct was found to be filled with a large blood clot.
      Removal of this clot resulted in a clinical cure.

PMID- 1080942
TI  - Action of aprotinin on the survival of adult cerebellar neurons in organ culture.
AB  - Fragments of cerebellar cortex taken from adult rats were maintained for 7 days
      in organ culture. Inclusion in the medium of aprotinin, a polypeptide proteinase
      inhibitor which also has carbohydrate-binding properties, was beneficial to the
      survival of neurons in the molecular layer, Purkinje cells and axons. This effect
      of aprotinin was mediated during the first 3 days in vitro. In a discussion of
      the various actions of aprotinin, it is concluded that the principal effect of
      the polypeptide on cultured central nervous tissue is to inhibit neuronal
      lysosomal proteinases activated by the trauma of explantation.

PMID- 1080943
TI  - Biasing of the summating potentials.
AB  - Summating potentials (SP) were recorded in the guinea pig cochlea, utilizing the
      differential-electrode technique. The effects of biasing the cochlear partition
      of the SP were observed under three different conditions: 1. electrical biasing-
      direct current polarization: 2. stimulus biasing--mechanical bias induced by low
      frequency sound stimulation, 3. COCB biasing--electrical stimulation of the
      crossed olivo-cochlear bundle. All three forms of biasing were found to have
      similar ellects on the SP which can be described in terms of the "absolute
      direction of change" in the potential. Under negative current (scala vestibuli
      negative; scala tympani positive), the negative phase of the stimulus bias
      (deflection of the cochlear partition towards scala vestibuli), or stimulation of
      the COCB, the SP is made more positive or less negative, as the case may be. In
      other words, the negative component of the differentially recorded SP is
      depressed, wheras the positive component is enhanced. The dominant influence os
      all three forms of biasing appears to be on mechanoelectric distortion arising in
      the hair-cell transduction process.

PMID- 1080944
TI  - [Protein concentration of perilymph in guinea pigs after noise exposure].
AB  - The protein concentration in the perilymph of noise-exposed guinea pigs was
      investigated using a micromethod described previously. The animals were exposed
      to wide band noise at 140 dB for one hour unilaterally in a closed acoustic
      system. Perilymph was obtained after exposure at different intervals:
      immediately, 6 or 24 hours later. From animals exposed to noise, it is
      particularly more difficult to obtain perilymph without blood contamination than
      from normal ones. Even post mortem, it is difficult to obtain samples without
      blood contamination and without hemolysis, particularly from the scala tympani.
      Therefore, some animals were perfused intra-arterially with Ringer solution or
      with Infukoll M 40 before decapitation. After exposure to noise only a small
      increase in protein concentration of the perilymph can be detected in the noise
      exposed ears of animals perfused intra-arterially. The difference in
      concentration is most distinct in samples extracted 6 hours after noise exposure
      had ceased. No reliable clue to the source of this protein could be obtained from
      these investigations.

PMID- 1080945
TI  - Biological considerations for the use of homograft tympanic membranes and
      ossicles.
AB  - This report deals with some biological aspects of transplantation and
      preservation of tympanic membrane and ossicular grafts. The structure and
      behaviour of tympanic membrane grafts depends largely on the reaction of the
      preservatives with the tissue proteins. Due to these properties no observable
      change in the microscopical structure of the membranes and ossicles was found up
      to 3 years after alcohol and formaldehyde preservation. Preservation in cialit
      showed gradual disappearance of nuclei and an increasing disintegration of the
      fibrous structures. Irrespective of the mode of preservation, the fibrous tissue
      appeared to persist virtually unaffected for long periods. The monocellular
      reaction found around the grafts preserved in formaldehyde after heterolopie
      transplantation suggests that tissue antigens are not completely destroyed. A
      reaction to transplantation in the middle ear is only found around fresh
      heterologous grafts and around the fresh homologous grafts after previous
      sensitisation. As observed in rats, ossicles preserved in alcohol or cialit,
      obtained from revision operations in humans showed partial remodelling. Moreover
      in some cases these ossicular and especially the cartilaginous grafts showed
      areas of frank erosion.

PMID- 1080946
TI  - Fine structure of granulocytes with cytoplasmic inclusions in pleural effusions
      from patients with rheumatoid pleuritis, tuberculous pleuritis and pleural
      carcinomatosis.
AB  - The fine structure of neutrophil granulocytes from pleural fluid obtained from
      patients with rheumatoid or tuberculous pleuritis or epidermoid carcinoma of the
      lung was identical irrespective of the primary disease of these patients.
      Homogenously stained lipid-like inclusions were present in the cytoplasm of the
      neutrophil granulocytes. They seemed to be formed de novo, as they lacked a
      distinct limiting unit membrane. The fine structure of the lipid-like inclusions
      gave no evidence to support the presence of immune complexes, these were probably
      located in the quantitative much fewer phagosomes of the granulocytes.

PMID- 1080947
TI  - Transfer factor--a new form for immunotherapy.

PMID- 1080948
TI  - Age dependent decline in proliferation of lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080949
TI  - Coronary artery bypass in patients over 70 years of age: indications and results.
AB  - With recent advances in all phases of coronary care and the increasing success of
      coronary arterial surgery, operative treatment of coronary artery disease is more
      readily recommended, even for patients over 70 years of age. In a series of 3,730
      patients who underwent aortocoronary bypass from November 1969 through June 1974,
      there were 95 patients who were 70 years of age or older. The primary indication
      for surgery was severe angina, which was present in 88 patients. The mean
      coronary arterial score was 9.51. Associated valvular lesions were treated
      surgically in 21 patients, and a left ventricular aneurysm was resected in 7.
      Improvements in surgical technique and postoperative care are responsible for the
      hospital mortality rate of only 4.8 percent in the 21 patients operated upon
      during the first 6 months of 1974 compared with the overall mortality rate of
      22.1 percent in all 95 patients. Long-term follow-up among the 95 patients
      includes data from 33 patients: 9 patients whose condition improved, 21 who were
      asymptomatic and 1 "coronary death".

PMID- 1080950
TI  - Myocardial revascularization after acute infarction.
AB  - The purpose of this study was (1) to establish the maximal interval between the
      onset of ischemia and reperfusion that would permit a decrease in the size of
      infarction, and (2) to evaluate the relation between changes in infarct size and
      preservation of cardiac function. Studies were carried out in 19 dogs of which 13
      had temporary (1 to 3 hours) occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary
      artery. The hospital course of 15 patients of whom 13 underwent myocardial
      revascularization within 8 hours of acute infarction was also reviewed. In dogs,
      the eventual pathologic infarct size was significantly reduced if reperfusion was
      performed within 2 hours of ischemia. After 2 hours of ischemia, the
      revascularized segment remained dyskinetic on angiographic assessment and cardiac
      function was depressed. After 3 hours of ischemia, in spite of a patent coronary
      artery, the extent of infarct and dykinesia was greater than during ligation of
      the left anterior descending coronary artery. In patients, small infarcts
      developed with revascularization performed more than 4 hours after infarction but
      with revascularization of the left anterior descending coronary artery the size
      of the dyskinetic area (as assessed with angiography) was similar to that in
      patients with a closed graft to the left anterior descending coronary artery but
      with a patent graft to its diagonal branch. In all patients after
      revascularization the extent of the left ventricular dyskinetic area was smaller
      and cardiac function was significantly better than in patient who did not receive
      revascularization for complete occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary
      artery. In spite of successful revascularization, electrocardiographic evidence
      of transmural infarction persisted postoperatively. It is concluded that
      reperfusion of an area of myocardium that has been ischemic for less than 2 hours
      in dogs or less than 4 hours in man may lead to a significant reduction in the
      extent of infarction as well as improvement in cardiac function. However, the
      revascularized area remains angiographically dyskinetic and
      electrocardiographically abnormal.

PMID- 1080951
TI  - Letter: Graft patency and serum triglycerides.

PMID- 1080952
TI  - A simple method to evaluate the massive dose vitamin A prophylaxis program in
      preschool children.
AB  - A massive dose vitamin A prophylaxis program is currently in operation in several
      States of India. Evaluation of this program on a large scale has so far been
      difficult due to lack of baseline data on the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency
      in children. In this study, a simple evaluation method which makes use of the
      linear relationship that exists between age on one hand and prevalence of ocular
      signs of vitamin A deficiency (Bitot's spots) on the other is described.
      Regression coefficients between age and prevalence of vitamin A deficiency of
      areas not covered by the program (control areas) were found to be significantly
      different both from zero and from regression coefficients of regularly covered
      areas (experimental areas). Also, all regression lines of control areas were
      found to be above the regression zone of experimental areas. These differences
      between the experimental and control areas which were significant, indicate the
      impact of the program in areas where the program is in operation. The regression
      coefficient calculated for one area where the program was discontinued after some
      time was found to be significantly different from zero, also it was different
      from the regression zone of the experimental areas. However, the regression
      coefficient of the discontinued area was found to be significantly different from
      the experimental areas only at 10% level, indicating a lesser degree of
      efficiency of the program in this area as compared to regularly fed areas. It is,
      therefore, suggested that evaluation of the massive dose prophylaxis program be
      done against the null hypothesis beta = 0.0065--the regression coefficient
      achievable under field conditions.

PMID- 1080953
TI  - Familial hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
AB  - Two families are described in which seven members of a total of 19 were found to
      have hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to exposure to avian antigens. Diagnosis
      was made on the basis of characteristic roentgenologic changes together with
      respiratory function and immunologic studies. The latter included screening for
      precipitins, macrophage migration inhibition (MMI) to specific antigens in avian
      serum and droppings, quantitation of immunoglobulin and alpha1 antitrypsin (AAT)
      levels and assessment of the complement system. Specific precipitins to pigeon
      and/or budgerigar serum were found in the serum of only four of the seven
      patients. Six of these seven patients, however, had a positive MMI. Thus, the MMI
      test, at least in this group of patients appeared to be a more sensitive
      indicator of active disease. The finding of seven members of two families with
      disease led to a search for predisposing factors, either genetic or
      environmental. Evidence for a genetic predisposition came from tissue typing
      studies. In the first family, both paternal haplotypes were associated with
      disease; the maternal haplotype HLA3,7 was not inherited by any child with
      disease. In the second family, the disease developed in three of four members
      with the haplotype HL-A2,W15, who were significantly exposed to avian antigen. In
      the light of recent studies showing an association between immune response (Ir)
      genes, histocompatibility antigens and disease susceptibility, these findings
      were interpreted as possible evidence for a subtle genetically linked immune
      defect in hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Evidence for an environmental
      predisposition was less clear cut, but it is interesting that members of both
      families used a gamma isomer of hexachlorobenzene (Nickoff) to eradicate mite
      infestations in their birds which might have damaged the bronchial mucosa or
      acted as an immunologic adjuvant in a person with underlying susceptibility to
      disease. The presence of subclinical respiratory disease in two family members is
      reported, and the importance of performing a range of investigations of
      respiratory function in order to detect disease and monitor its progress is
      emphasized.

PMID- 1080954
TI  - The decreasing value of external cephalic version in modern obstetric practice.
AB  - The consequences of 1,308 attempts at external cephalic version in 866 patients
      over a 5 year period are reviewed. A fetal mortality rate of 0.9 per cent and an
      over-all complication rate of 4.4 per cent was found, and the value of attempting
      external cephalic version in modern obstetric practice is seriously questioned.

PMID- 1080955
TI  - Endothelial alterations in congenital corneal dystrophies.
AB  - We studied the clinical and ultrastructural findings in three different types of
      congenital endothelial dystrophies: hereditary posterior polymorphous dystrophy,
      congenital hereditary corneal dystrophy, and a nonhereditary congenital
      endothelial dystrophy. In the first patient, with hereditary posterior
      polymorphous dystrophy, a layer of epithelial-like cells was observed adjacent to
      endothelial cells on the posterior corneal surface. Descemet's membrane displayed
      a multilaminar pattern and consisted of an anterior, thin (3 mu), PAS-positive
      layer and a posterior, thicker (25 to 30 mu) zone of abnormal collagen. The
      second patient, with congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy, showed a
      thickened multilaminar Descemet's membrane and scant endothelial cells. In the
      third patient with nonhereditary congenital endothelial dystrophy, the thickened
      Descemet's membrane was lined posteriorly by a retrocorneal fibrous membrane. A
      few degenerated endothelial cells were present. All three cases showed 100- to
      110-nm banding posteriorly. In these three clinically distinct entities, electron
      microscopy was useful in demonstrating the unusual form of endothelial
      transformation to epithelial-like cells in one patient, in contrast to the more
      common fibroblast-like metaplasia of endothelial cells seen in the other two
      patients.

PMID- 1080956
TI  - Vitrectomy and intraocular gentamicin management of Herellea endophthalmitis
      after incomplete phacoemulsification.
AB  - A patient with Herellea endophthalmitis after incomplete phacoemulsification was
      treated with vitrectomy and intravitreal infusion of 8 mug/ml of gentamicin and
      400 mug of dexamethasone. The vitrectomies were done through a pars plana
      incision with the vitrophage. Additionally, appropriate systemic antibiotics and
      prednisone were given.

PMID- 1080958
TI  - Editorial: Cause of azotemia after gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Examining an old
      wives' tale.

PMID- 1080957
TI  - The fine structure of thymoma, with emphasis on its differential diagnosis. A
      study of ten cases.
AB  - In this study, thymoma is defined as a neoplasm of the epithelial-reticular
      framework cells of the thymus. As in the normal thymus, these cells regularly
      displayed branching tonofilaments, macuale adherens, elongated processes, and
      basal lamina. These characteristics proved useful in the differential diagnosis
      of thymoma from a variety of anterior mediastinal tumors including thymic
      carcinoid, lymphoma, germinoma (seminoma type), and fibrous mesothelioma.
      Lymphocytes in the thymomas often showed mitotic activity and a moderate degree
      of transformation. The significance of this and the gland-like spaces, vacuolated
      epithelial cells, starry-sky appearance, emperipolesis, and perivascular spaces
      is discussed.

PMID- 1080959
TI  - Incidence of stress ulcer formation associated with steroid therapy in various
      shock states.
AB  - The use of pharmacologic doses of steroids early in the shock state, within the
      first hour when possible, for periods of less than forty-eight hours seems to
      reduce the incidence of gastric ulceration and hemorrhage in low flow states
      associated with septic, cardiogenic, and hemorrhagic shock.

PMID- 1080960
TI  - T-lymphocyte levels in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer of the head
      and neck.
AB  - Percentage and levels of circulating T-lymphocytes were studied in forty-six
      patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck before and/or after
      treatment and compared with control values obtained in fifty-one healthy
      volunteers. Mean percentages of circulating T-cells and mean T-cell levels in
      cancer patients prior to treatment were significantly lower than control values.
      After surgery or radiation therapy the mean percentage of T-cells remained lower
      in comparison with that of the controls whereas T-cell levels in patients
      evaluated after surgical treatment increased in comparison with pretreatment
      values and were not significantly different from those of the controls.

PMID- 1080961
TI  - High dose methotrexate as a preoperative adjuvant in the treatment of epidermoid
      carcinoma of the head and neck. A feasibility study and clinical trial.
AB  - Thirty patients with operable epidermoid carcinoma of the head and neck were
      treated with intravenous high dose methotrexate and leucovorin rescue prior to
      resection. Their clinical courses were compared with those of thirty randomly
      selected patients matched for tumors site and clinical stage who were treated by
      surgery alone. No medical or surgical complications associated with methotrexate
      were encountered. An objective decrease in tumor size (primary lesion or nodal
      metastases) was noted prior to resection in twenty-three patients (77 per cent).
      The number of recurrences in the two groups was similar. However, these was a
      significantly greater disease-free interval in the methotrexate-treated patients
      (p less than 0.05). No significant differences in survival have been noted to
      date between the two groups. In view of the absence of complications, the
      regressions in tumor size, and the increase in postoperative disease-free
      interval in this trial, evaluation as preoperative adjuvants of higher doses of
      methotrexate and of other chemotherapeutic agents in combination with
      methotrexate appears warranted.

PMID- 1080962
TI  - [An equidensometric method for objective evaluation of ultrasonic b-scan pictures
      (author's transl)].
AB  - An equidensometric procedure is presented for achieving objective evaluation of
      ultrasonic B-scan pictures. Using special film (Agfacontour film) it is possible
      to select and show individually areas of equal brightness appearing on the B
      scan, so called "equidensites". This can be done by colouring each area
      differently or by using a system of symbols. There is a description of the way in
      which the Agfacontour film works and is processed. Clinical evidence can be
      provided to prove the equidensometric evaluation of ultrasonic B-pictures of the
      eye can offer a considerable amount of additional information.

PMID- 1080963
TI  - Ocular pulse wave in workers exposed to carbon disulfide.
AB  - Oculosphygmography (OSG), combined with electrocardiography, was performed on 38
      male workers exposed occupationally to carbon disulfide (CS2) and 40 unexposed
      male paper mill workers. A statistical analysis of the results showed that the
      ocular pulse wave of the exposed group showed a significantly lower pattern than
      that of the unexposed group. A comparison between workers currently exposed to
      CS2 and those no longer exposed indicated that the hemodynamic alterations caused
      by CS2 exposure lead to a permanent condition. It is concluded that CS2 exposure
      increases the rigidity of the vascular bed of the eye. The data indicate that
      primarily chronic, subclinical CS2 poisoning causes capillary damage.
      Oculosphygmography seems to be one objective examination useful in diagnosing the
      subtle syndrome of chronic CS2 poisoning.

PMID- 1080964
TI  - Management of dense secondary membranes with vitrophage.
AB  - Seven patients underwent a pars plana approach membranectomy and vitrectomy with
      the vitrophage for the removal of dense secondary membranes after planned or
      unplanned extracapsular lens extractions. In all cases the membranes and
      synechias were removed with restoration of clarity to the ocular media. In three
      cases the final vision was limited by unrelated ocular anomalies. There were no
      postoperative corneal or retinal complications. The advantages to the pars plana
      approach are the small incision, the prevention of vitreocorneal adhesion, and
      the ease with which the surgery is performed.

PMID- 1080965
TI  - Methods of mathematical differentiation in tonography.
AB  - Our bulbar-compressure isotonographical method was applied to 28 normal and 40
      glaucomatous eyes. This method was carried out twice on all patients using two
      pressure gradients: Pt=Po+10 and Pt=Po+30. Also, the outflow facility (C) was
      determined by Grant's tonography. Thus, 3 C-values were obtained with 3 varying
      pressure differences (Pt-Po=deltaP). With this differential tonography the
      mathematical determination and the graphic representation of a real C-value
      (Cdiff) by deltaP=O are possible. With normal eyes the average C-values were
      indirectly proportional to the pressure differences. This relationship was found
      to be directly proportional on glaucomatous eyes. The tonographical coefficients
      Po/Co-4, P3/CL3-7, Po-10/Co-4, and Po/Cintegral were calculated on 104 normal and
      312 glaucomatous eyes. The results show small differences between the average
      values of the various coefficients for normal and glaucomatous eyes. The
      percentage of the pathological values on glaucomatous eyes varies from 57.4% to
      67.3%. The diagnostic efficiency of the tonography is increased by the
      determination of Cdiff (percentage of positive values=70%) and the calculation of
      Po/Cdiff value (95%).

PMID- 1080966
TI  - [Typical retinitis pigmentosa with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Report of a case of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia combined with
      retinitis pigmentosa, optic atrophy, marked attenuation of the retinal vessels,
      maculopathy, and complicated cataract. Visual fields and acuity were severely
      impaired. The ophthalmoplegia was histologically identified as ocular myopathy.
      In a review of 181 cases with CPEO  the disease was found to be associated with
      retinitis pigmentosa in 7 per cent and with atypical pigmentary retinopathy in 36
      per cent of the cases. A distinction of these two types of retinal dystrophy is
      justified by the clinical features and may indicate different hereditary
      patterns.

PMID- 1080967
TI  - [The electrophysiological behavior of normal and glaucomatous human eyes with
      short term intraocular pressure elevation (author's transl)].
AB  - An electrophysiological study has been done on glaucomatous and normal eyes with
      briefly elevated intraocular pressure. There was no significant difference
      between the ERGs, but the changes in the VERs of glaucomatous eyes differed
      widely from those of normal eyes. This seems to be due to the high sensitivity to
      pressure of the prelaminary part of the optic nerve in glaucomatous eyes.
      Obviously this could be a method for the objective measurement of the sensitivity
      of the papillary vessels to raised intraocular pressure.

PMID- 1080968
TI  - [Peripheral retinal circulation times in connection with retinal detachment
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Concerning the pathogenesis of retinal detachment 4 groups of each 10 eyes have
      been examined by fluorescein angiography: the periphery of normal eyes (Table 2),
      ophthalmoscopically inconspicuous sectors of patients with detachment (Table 3),
      the area of lattice degeneration, radial perivascular degeneration and round
      holes without detachment (Table 4) and the area of tears and holes, when
      detachment has taken place (Table 5). The time passing between the injection of
      dye into the cubital vein and the first arterial filling in the retinal periphery
      is practically equal in all groups. The prolongation of retinal circulation time
      II from the first arterial to the complete venous filling in areas of lattice
      degeneration etc. without detachment seems to be in connection with small vessel
      closures. The striking short retinal circulation time I from the first arterial
      to the first venous filling in the cases of detachment is apparently caused by
      capillary dilatations central of the tears and holes; the dilated capillaries
      seem to have the function of a arteriovenous anastomosis. Own measurements of
      circulation times in the area of optic disc (Table 1), performed for
      comparisments, are accordant to literature.

PMID- 1080969
TI  - The use of protease inhibitor (trasylol) and heparin in cardiorespiratory
      resuscitation. I. Studies of the blood clotting system.
AB  - The purpose of the study was the assessment of the effect of protease inhibitor
      (trasylol) and heparin on the blood clotting system during cardiorespiratory
      resuscitation. The studies were carried out in two experimental groups of
      rabbits. In group I oxygen was given, cardiac massage was applied, alkalinizing
      agents and drugs improving the action of the heart and the peripheral circulation
      were administered. In group II trasylol and heparin were given additionally. The
      studies proved that cardiorespiratory arrest causes development of the
      intravascular clotting syndrome. Resuscitation management in group I failed to
      correct the disturbances in the blood clotting system. On the other hand, in
      group II they were partly corrected. The animals in this group survived the
      experiment. The administration of protease inhibitor and heparin increased the
      efficiency of resuscitation management.

PMID- 1080970
TI  - Fibrinolysis activation after operation of spermatic cord.
AB  - The authors report a case of fibrinolytic haemorrhagic diathesis after operation
      of vas deferens carried out under epidural analgesia. Attention is called to the
      diagnostic difficulties in the rare complication of these operations. Treatment
      of fibrinolytic haemorrhagic diathesis is discussed stressing the advantages of
      trasylol, which is a drug of choice in emergency states associated with bleeding
      from the surface of the wound when difficulties arise in carrying out full blood
      clotting tests.

PMID- 1080971
TI  - Life span of small lymphocytes in the thymolymphatic tissues of normal and thymus
      deprived BALB/C mice.
AB  - Autoradiography and scintilation counting have been used after various schedules
      of 3H-thymidine injections to evaluate lymphocyte kinetics in normal and thymus
      deprived BALB/C mice. The thymus was found to be an active production site of
      small lymphocytes, the majority of these cells having thymic residence times of
      three to five days. Peripheral lymphoid tissues--including spleen, lymph nodes
      and Peyer's patches--were dominated by long-lived lymphocytes and produced very
      few small lymphocytes. Nearly identical percentages of long-lived lymphocytes
      with comparable grain counts were found in the peripheral tissues. In adult
      thymectomized animals, and in mice thymectomized and reconstituted with bone
      marrow cells following total body irradiation, percentages and lifespan of long
      lived lymphocytes were found to be of the same order as in normal or sham
      operated controls. It is concluded that T cells in the peripheral long-lived pool
      can be formed outside the thymus and that the bone marrow probably produces long
      lived B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080972
TI  - [Lymphocytes. Roles in cellular immunity and humoral immunity].
AB  - The lymphocytes are now considered as ubiquitous cells which play a role in
      delayed hypersensitivity, the rejection of grafts and antibody synthesis. The
      lymphocytes are essential in the immune process, for they may both recognise the
      antibody and initiate the response. They act either by themselves or after
      differentiation into specialised cells and, usually, in coordination with other
      cells with phagocytic functions. After briefly recalling the morphology,
      localisation, circulation, sites of production and heterogeneity of the
      lymphocytes, the authors discuss their function, describe lymphocytic
      transformation, and the role of T lymphocytes in delayed hypersensitivity, in the
      rejection of grafts and the direct cytotoxic effect. Antibody synthesis with B
      lymphocytes and the intervention of mononucleated cells with phagocytic activity,
      the cooperation of T lymphocytes are developed. The exploration of lymphocytic
      functions includes the recognition of an antigen by the lymphocyte, fixation of
      marked antigens, rosette formation, the demonstration of delayed hypersensitivity
      (inhibition of macrophage migration, cytotoxicity, skin tests), the estimation of
      antibodies and measurement of lymphocyte transformation. Certain factors, due to
      antigen-host reaction, regulate the lymphocytic immune reaction. One may
      experimentally intervene by immunostimulation and immunosuppression.

PMID- 1080973
TI  - Outcome analysis of surgical therapy for patients with angina pectoris.
AB  - Surgical therapy for coronary artery disease results in improved survival rates
      for selected groups of patients, particularly those with left ventricular
      dysfunction and/or severe coronary artery disease as evidenced by involvement of
      two or more vessels. Successful augmentation of coronary blood flow as shown by
      patient saphenous vein graft is associated with improved exercise tolerance when
      compared with patients in whom the grafts are occluded. Patients with impaired
      left centricular function as a result of their coronary artery disease appear to
      experience an improvement in this function with the augmentation of coronary
      blood flow by patent saphenous vein bypass grafts. In patients with occluded
      grafts and impaired left ventricular function, the left ventricular function is
      unchanged. Ptients with normal left ventricular function who  sustain occlusion
      of their grafts will probably experience a reduction in their systolic ejection
      fraction.

PMID- 1080974
TI  - Scopulariopsosis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis in an addict.
AB  - Granulomatosis caused by fungal spores of a soil saprophyte is a newly recognized
      pulmonary complication of intravenous drug addiction. Brown, non-budding spores
      were histologically identified in necrotic tissue, inside giant cells of
      sarcoidlike granulomata, and in the vicinity of focal angiitic lesions. The
      fungus was identified by culture as the dematiaceous Scopulariopsis brumptii.
      Cultural and histopathologic studies of lung biopsy specimens established the
      diagnosis. We showed precipitating antibodies to fungal antigen in the serum,
      prepared from the patient's isolate. Similar granulomatous pulmonary lesions were
      experimentally produced in mice by a single intravenous injection of spores of S.
      brumptii. The spores remained viable but did not show evidence of growth in the
      animal's tissue. Precipitating antibodies to fungal antigen and immediate wheal
      and late necrotizing type of skin reactions were shown in the challenged mice.
      The studies support the notion that pulmonary hypersensitivity to fungal spores
      was mediated by an Arthus'-type phenomenon.

PMID- 1080975
TI  - Letter: Staphylococcus aureus antigen in cerebrospinal fluid cross-reactive with
      Haemophilus influenzae type b antiserum.

PMID- 1080976
TI  - Profiles of antinuclear antibodies in systemic rheumatic diseases.
AB  - The prevalence of different antinuclear antibodies was examined in systemic lupus
      erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, progressive systemic
      sclerosis, dermatomyositis, discoid lupus erythematosus, and mixed connective
      tissue disease. Antibody to Sm antigen (a nuclear acidic protein) was found
      almost exclusively in serums of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus,
      suggesting that this antibody might be a "marker" antibody for this disease.
      However, antibodies to native DNA and to nuclear ribonucleoprotein were found in
      a variety of systemic rheumatic diseases. In systemic lupus erythematosus,
      antibody to native DNA was present in high titer but in other rheumatic diseases
      in low titer. Antibody to nuclear ribonucleoprotein occurred in certain other
      systemic rheumatic diseases besides the mixed connective tissue disease syndrome.
      These studies showed that there were distinct profiles of antinuclear antibodies
      in certain systemic rheumatic diseases, characterized by the presence or absence
      of certain antibodies and by differences in their mean titers.

PMID- 1080977
TI  - [Variability of cultures and genetic variability].
AB  - Cultural selection is defined as a modification in gene frequency distributions
      within a population under the effects of socio-cultural factors. The conditions
      are examined which determine the efficiency of such a selection mechanism as a
      driving force for the evolution of the genetic pool of a social group in a state
      of relative isolation. The possible effect of the cultural variation on the
      genetic variation of the human species is discussed.

PMID- 1080978
TI  - [Comparison of the karyotype of the orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) to those of man,
      chimpazee, and gorilla].
AB  - Various banding thechniques were employed to compare the karyotype of the Orang
      utan (Pongo pygmaeus) with those of Man, the Chimpanzee, and the Gorilla. The
      following was concluded: 1) Almost all the bands are common, their analogy being
      close to 99%. The four species derive, therefore, from a common ancestor. The
      rearrangements which occurred during evolution were generally balanced; 2) The
      analysis of rearrangements shows that the Orang-utan, then the Gorilla, then the
      Chimpanzee, and lastly Man were derived in that order from the common stemline.

PMID- 1080979
TI  - [Gene localization in the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). Comparison with the
      factor mapping of man (Homo sapiens)].
AB  - Ten independant cellular hybrids were obtained from Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)
      fibroblasts and the murine cell line C11D. The comparison of electrophoretic and
      cytogenetic studies showed that 9 markers with known localizations in Man could
      also be localized on the homologous chromosomes of the Chimpanzee: pyrophosphate
      hydratase (PPH), phosphoglucomutase-1 (PGM1), and peptidase-C (Pep-C) on the No.
      1; malate dehydrogenase MDH(NAD) on the No. 2; lactico dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A) on
      the No. 11; lactico dehydrogenase-B (LDH-B) on the No. 12; thymidine kinase (TK)
      on the No. 17; superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) on the No. 21; glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase (G6PD) on the X. The localization of mannose phosphate isomerase
      (MPI) on the No. 7 could be excluded. One discrepancy between Chimpanzee and Man
      was noted: the localization of superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2) on the 6 is
      excluded.

PMID- 1080980
TI  - [2 cases of trisomy 11q(q23.2-- qter) with the same abnormality of external
      genitalia].
AB  - Two unrelated individuals are reported with the same clinical picture and
      trisomic for the same segment of chromosome 11 (q23 leads to qter). That both
      were seen because of micropenis raises the possibility that genes interfering
      with the reproductive function are located on chromosome 11 and that the q23 band
      might be a preferential breakage point of chromosome 11. Certain earlier reports
      support such a possibility.

PMID- 1080981
TI  - [2 cases of trisomy 11q(q231--qter) by translocation t(11;22) (q231;q111) in 2
      different families].
AB  - Two cases of partial trisomy 11q are reported, both apparently due to segregation
      in both patients' families of the same translocation between a n degrees 11 and a
      n degrees 22. R-, T-, and G- banding showed the breakage points to be 11q231 and
      22q111. The clinical syndrome results from trisomy for the q231 leads to qter
      segment of chromosome 11.

PMID- 1080982
TI  - [Trisomy 11q. Individualization of a new syndrome].
AB  - The comparison of nine examples of trisomy for the distal segment of 11q permits
      definition of a clinical syndrome which includes the following: axial hypotonia
      with hypertonia of the limbs; an old-looking wrinkled face; a large beaked nose;
      microretrognathia with malformation of the palate; low-set ears; a prominent
      anterior helix; a prominent anthelix; a short neck; a narrow chest with nipples
      set widely apart; micropenis in the boys; congenital heart disease; renal
      agenesis or malformations of the urinary tract; agenesis of the thoracic girdle;
      dysplasia of the acetabulum; clubfeet.

PMID- 1080983
TI  - Human acrocentric ring chromosomes and satellite association.
AB  - In four cases of human acrocentric ring chromosomes r(21)(p13q22); r(21)(p11q22);
      r(13)(p11q?); and R(21)(P11Q22), association of the annular with normal D and G
      chromosomes was found. This finding indicates that: 1) the "satellite"
      association is not terminal 2) the heterochromatic region (band p11) adjacent to
      the acrocentric short arm constriction contains nucleolar organizers (NOs),
      although bands p12 and 13 could not be excluded; and 3) band p11 probably has two
      different functional sites, a distal NO+ and a proximal NO-. Related studies on
      three C/G translocation carriers suggest a non-specific interphase
      interchromosomal relationship.

PMID- 1080984
TI  - [Trial of detection of female carriers for the ornithine-carbamyltransferase
      deficiency by the urine assay of crotic acid. Apropos of a family study].
AB  - Studies on the detection of female carriers of the gene responsible for ornithine
      carbamoyl transferase deficiency are reported. The method used was that described
      by Goldstein and is based on provoked acidemia after an oral protein overload.
      Transmission of the disease as a sex linked dominant was confirmed. The
      heterogeneity of the metabolic disorder is discussed.

PMID- 1080985
TI  - Milk casein polymorphism in the Kikuyu population.
AB  - Urea-starch-gel electrophoresis of casein samples from women of the Kikuyu tribe
      (central Africa) shows that this Negroid population had the same alpha- and beta
      casein polymorphic pattern as Caucasoids, though their gene frequencies for the
      beta-locus were inverted. A new beta-casein variant (named beta-E) was
      identified.

PMID- 1080986
TI  - Report of a case of 46,xx/45,xx,-20 mosaicism.
AB  - A 46,XX/45,XX,-20 mosaicism was observed in a phenotypically normal female who
      had three grossly malformed children (two stillbirths and a perinatal death).

PMID- 1080987
TI  - [Proceedings: Preparation and dosage of IBF produced by T cells. Effect on
      antibody production in vitro].

PMID- 1080988
TI  - [Proceedings: Cell subpopulations present in cultures of mouse B lymphocytes
      stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)].

PMID- 1080989
TI  - [Proceedings: Response of human lymphocytes to anti-human immunoglobulin
      antibodies (aIg)].

PMID- 1080990
TI  - [Proceedings: Purification, characterization and proliferative response to
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) of human lymphocyte
      subpopulations].

PMID- 1080991
TI  - [Proceedings: Cortico- and radio-sensitivity of T cell immunosuppressive function
      in antigenic competition (AC)].

PMID- 1080992
TI  - Study of two acetylcholine analogs with fixed conformations.
AB  - Two acetylcholine analogs, compound M (4,4-dimethyl-2-morpholonium) and compound
      P (1,1-dimethyl-3-acetoxypiperidinium) which contain the N-C-C-O group of
      acetylcholine fixed in the gauche and trans conformations, respectively, were
      tested for activity on the terminal ileum of the rat, the rectus abdominis muscle
      of the frog, and the superior cervical ganglion of the cat. It was found that
      compound M stimulates the ganglion but has no affinity for receptors in either
      the ileum or the rectus muscle, while compound P stimulates cholinergic receptors
      in the ileum and in the fast fibers of the rectus muscle but acts neither on the
      slow fibers of the rectus muscle nor on the ganglion.

PMID- 1080993
TI  - [Bone dysplasia with dwarfism and diffuse skeletal alterations].
AB  - Six cases of a new hereditary chondrodyplasia are reported. The features are
      severe dwarfism, generalized hypotonia, frequent and considerable desaxations of
      fingers and toes. Slight facial dysmorphism with evolutive scoliosis is often
      associated. Osteopetrosis is diffuse and is associated with important metaphyseal
      widening as well as epiphyseal irregularities and often carpal and tarsal
      supernumerary bones. No metabolic or chromosomal abnormality was found. The
      relations of the disease with related types described in Larsen's syndrome are
      considered.

PMID- 1080994
TI  - Histological observations of inhibitory effect of testosterone on lymphoid
      regeneration in the thymus-independent areas of B mice.
AB  - High doses of testosterone were subcutaneously given to B mice, neonatally
      thymectomized, lethally irradiated and reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow
      cells. Histological observations of the peripheral lymphoid tissues revealed that
      testosterone inhibited the regeneration of the thymus-independent areas which
      were considered to be composed mainly of B lymphocytes. This result suggests that
      testosterone would inhibit the differentiation of B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1080995
TI  - [Ventriculocisternostomy of Torkildsen in the treatment of non-communicating
      hydrocephalus].

PMID- 1080996
TI  - Ocular manifestations of hypercupremia associated with multiple myeloma.
AB  - Extensive copper infiltration of Descemet membrane of the central cornea and of
      the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lens is associated with marked
      hypercupremia related to an abnormal immunoglobulin. Observation of this spectrum
      of ophthalmic changes in an apparently well middle-aged woman heralded the
      diagnosis of a unique variety of multiple myeloma.

PMID- 1080997
TI  - Haemobilia from pancreatic cystadenoma.
AB  - Hamobilia from a pancreatic source is a rare cause of gastrointestinal
      haemorrhage. Most of the reported cases have arisen from haemorrhage into a
      pancreatic pseudocyst, which is frequently fatal. This report describes a patient
      with gastrointestinal haemorrhage arising from a pancreatic cystadenoma.

PMID- 1080998
TI  - Prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Tasmanian meat animals.

PMID- 1080999
TI  - Control of 5-aminolaevulinate synthetase activity in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides
      a role for trisulphides.
AB  - 1. The aminolaevulinate synthetase activator of fresh extracts of semi
      anaerobically grown Rhodopseudomonas spheroids was resolved into two fractions by
      ion-exchange chromatography. One fraction was identified as cystine trisulphide
      (CySSSCy). Analysis of the other fraction indicated the presence of about equal
      amounts of glutathione trisulphide (GSSSG) and the mixed trisulphide of
      glutathione and cystine (GSSSCy). 2. Four further fractions with activator
      activity were observed on ion-exchange chromatography of extracts prepared by
      methods similar to those described earlier [Neuberger et al. (1973)Biochem. J.
      136,491-499]. These activators were generated by the extraction procedure. Two of
      them have been identified as trisulphanedisulphonate (S5O62-) and additional
      cystine trisulphide. 3. For the series of polysulphanedisulphonates (-O3S-Sn-SO3
      , n greater than or equal to 1), activator activity at muM concentrations was
      exhibited only by compounds with n greater than 3. This, together with the
      results described above, indicates that for a compound R-Sn-R' (where R and R'
      are organic or inorganic groups) the only structural requirement for activity is
      n greater than or equal to 3. 4. Oxygenation of a semipanaerobic culture of R.
      spheroids for 1.5h before harvesting the cells produced a decrease of more than
      90% in the cellular content of cystine trisulphide and glutathione trisulphides.
      5. Chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex confirmed the presence of multiple forms of
      aminolaevulinate synthetase in extracts of R. spheroides [Tuboi et al. (1970)
      Arch.Biochem. Biophys. 138,147-154]. Oxygenation of a semi-anaerobic culture
      resulted in the disappearance of high-activity enzyme (a-form) and the
      accumulation of low-activity enzyme (b-form) in the cell. Spontaneous activation
      [Marriott et al. (1969) Biochem. J. 111,385-394] And activation by cystine
      trisulphide both resulted in the almost complete conversion of the b-form into
      the a-form.

PMID- 1081000
TI  - Membrane receptor sites for the identification of lymphoreticular cells in benign
      and malignant conditions.
AB  - The cells of the lymphoreticular system are heterogeneous both morphologically
      and functionally. The bone marrow derived (B) lymphocyte can be identified by the
      presence of easily detectable surface immunoglobulin and a receptor for antigen
      antibody-complement (EAC) complexes. Monocytes and histiocytes also bear a
      receptor for EAC and in addition possess a receptor for cytophilic antibody
      detected with red cell--IgG complexes (IgGEA). In man, thymus derived (T)
      lymphocytes form non-immune rosettes with sheep red blood cells (E). We have
      examined a number of malignant lymphoreticular populations for the presence of
      the EAC, EA, and E receptors on suspensions of cells and have adapted the
      technique to demonstrate the EAC and EA receptors on  frozen tissue sections.
      Rosetted malignant cells can also be cytologically examined on Millipore filters.
      The malignant cells both in section and suspension from the spleens and lymph
      nodes of 6 patients with nodular lymphoma bound EAC but not IgGEA or E; by these
      criteria these malignant cells are of B lymphocytic origin. The malignant cells
      from the spleens of 2 patients with leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis and 1 patient
      with malignant histiocytosis could be classified as being of histiocytic origin
      by the selective binding of IgGEA. In 3 cases of diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma the
      malignant cells bound only E and are therefore of T lymphocytic origin. The
      application of these techniques to the classification of malignant lymphoma may
      lead to important theoretical and therapeutic advances.

PMID- 1081001
TI  - Evaluation of T and B lymphocyte membrane markers in human non-Hodgkin malignant
      lymphomata.
AB  - Lymphoma cells from 25 patients were studied for the presence of B lymphocytes
      (membrane bound Ig and Fc receptor) and T lymphocytes (rosette formation with
      sheep erythrocytes) membrane markers. All cases of well differentiated
      lymphocytic lymphoma and of acute lymphosarcoma cell leukaemia and most cases of
      poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma behaved as B cell monoclonal
      malignancies. However, the malignant cells of some patients were not definitely
      classified according to their B or T cell origin or lacked these membrane
      markers. The latter situation was encountered in 4 reticulum cell sarcomata.
      Polyclonal Ig were found on the surface of B cells in a case of hyperbasophilic
      undifferentiated lymphoma. The need for using several membrane markers to study
      the abnormal lymphoma cells is outlined. Such studies improve our understanding
      of these malignancies and may lead in the future to a satisfactory classification
      of non-Hodgkin lymphomata.

PMID- 1081002
TI  - Action of aldosterone on frog skin in the presence and absence of in vitro
      molting effects.
AB  - The molting which occurs in frog skin following exposure to high concentrations
      of aldosterone interferes with the interpretation of physiological measurements.
      Exposure of skins from frogs maintained in standard smooth tanks to 5 - 10(-7) M
      aldosterone caused within a few hours erratic responses in short-circuit current
      Io and conductance K followed by sustained stimulation of Io and K; 10(-8) M
      aldosterone caused only stimulation of Io and K. Storage of frogs in "rojgh
      tanks" eliminated in vitro molting on exposure to 5 - 10(-7) M aldosterone. IO
      and K were then superimposable for 3 h, after which Io increased far more rapidly
      than K. These results are consistent with an early effect on permeability of the
      active pathway and later effects on metabolism, either a direct effect on the
      pump or enhanced interaction between transport and metabolism.

PMID- 1081003
TI  - A rapid method for purification of human granulocyte cationic neutral proteases:
      purification and characterization of human granulocyte chymotrypsin-like enzyme.
AB  - A chymotrypsin-like enzyme (EC 3.4.21.-) was purified from granules of human
      neutrophiles (polymorphonuclear leucocytes). The isolation procedure included
      differential salt extractions of the granules followed by affinity chromatography
      on 4-phenylbutylamine-Affi-Gel. This rapid purification method resulted in
      obtaining pure enzyme in relatively high yield in short time. The purified
      granulocyte chymotrypsin-like enzyme has a minimum Mr of 22 378, calculated from
      its amino acid composition. The Mr value obtained by sodium dodecyl sulphate gel
      electrophoresis was 20 000-23 000. The enzyme did not react with antibodies which
      are monospecific to granulocyte elastase. The granulocyte chymotrypsin-like
      enzyme was inactivated by Dip-F and by the chloromethyl ketone derivatives Z
      PheCH2Cl and Z-(Gly)2-PheCH2Cl but not by Tos-PheCH2Cl. It therefore appears that
      the enzyme has serine and histidine side chains in its active site, like
      pancreatic chymotrypsin. The granulocyte enzyme substrate specificity is similar
      to that of pac-Tyr-Nan and Ac-Phe-1-ONap. It also has an intrinsic weak
      hydrolytic activity towards some classical elastase substrates such as Boc-Ala
      ONp and Ac-DL-Ala-1-ONap. The granulocyte enzyme is inhibited by human serum and
      by human alpha1-antitrypsin. Its affinity for alpha1-antitrypsin is weaker than
      that of granulocyte elastase for the same inhibitor. The enzyme is stable at
      neutral pH at 37 degrees C, but unstable at pH 3.5 and at elevated temperature.

PMID- 1081004
TI  - Structure and active transport in the plasma membrane of the tubules of frog
      kidney.
AB  - The active transport of organic anions through the plasma membrane of the
      proximal tubules of frog kidney was studied. For this purpose a marker anion,
      fluorescein, was used, its flow into the tubules registered by the increase of
      fluorescense. The kinetics of transport was measured as function of time,
      concentration of substrate, concentration of a competing acid (p-aminohippuric
      acid) and temperature. The process is inhibited by strophantin, a specific poison
      for (Na++K+)-dependent ATPase. These data show that fluorescein transport is
      effected with the participation of a charged carrier, probably by the downfield
      mechanism postulated by Mitchell. To confirm this mechanism, a passive flow of K+
      was created inwards across the membrane of the proximal tubules by means of
      valinomycin. It led to the discharge of the membrane and to the inhibition of
      fluorescein transport. Anions are transported downfield across the membrane,
      probably in a state of complexes with two Na+ ions. A magnetic field of 10000
      28000 oersted inhibits the fluorescein transport strongly. This can be regarded
      as a proof of the liquid-crystalline structure of biological membranes and
      demonstrates the importance of this structure for active transport.

PMID- 1081005
TI  - Alpha1-antitrypsin concentration in amniotic fluid.
AB  - Concentrations of alpha1-antitrypsin were measured in 80 specimens of amniotic
      fluid collected at various stages of pregnancy. Levels remained relatively
      unchanged throughout gestation, with a median concentration of 10.0 mg/100 ml at
      12-24 weeks, 18.7 mg/100 ml at 34-37 weeks, and 16.2 mg/100 ml, after the 37th
      week. In three instances where the infant developed RDS, the median concentration
      was 12.4 mg/100 ml.

PMID- 1081006
TI  - Radiology in the diagnosis of colloid cysts of the third ventricle.
AB  - A series of 38 cases of colloid cyst of the 3rd ventricle is described in most of
      whom the diagnosis, important for curative surgery, was made radiologically. The
      most useful investigative technique was pneumography, by which the tumour was
      outlined in almost all cases. The lateral "hanging head" projection generally
      demonstrated the lesion most satisfactorily. Care in manipulating air introduced
      at ventriculography through the foramina of Monro into the 3rd ventricle was
      frequently rewarded by clear definition of the tumour. In more than one-third of
      the cases, the lateral plain skull radiograph showed truncation of the dorsum
      sellae indicative of chronic obstructive hydrocephalus, and, in the large
      majority of these, pneumography confirmed that the 3rd ventricle, rather than the
      interventricular foramen, was the site of obstruction to the drainage of
      cerebrospinal fluid. Carotid angiography, showing hydrocephalus, and in the same
      cases elevation and lateral displacement of the anterior portion of the internal
      cerebral veins yielded strong supportive evidence. Vertebral angiography was less
      specific, and isotope scanning was quite unhelpful.

PMID- 1081007
TI  - Trigger factors and HL-A antigens in chronic active hepatitis.
AB  - Forty-six patients with histologically verified chronic active hepatitis (CAH)
      were divided into three groups according to whether the CAH was virus-induced,
      drug-induced, or cryptogenic. The frequency of the HL-A antigens 1 and 8 was
      increased in the cryptogenic group while the other groups did not differ
      significantly from healthy controls. Autoantibodies were often found in high
      titres in the drug-induced and cryptogenic groups but were infrequent in the
      virus-induced group.

PMID- 1081008
TI  - Spatial and temporal organization of the binocular input to frog optic tectum.
AB  - Single-unit recordings in the frog's optic tectum have demonstrated the existence
      of a systematic spatial separation between the direct contralateral and indirect
      ipsilateral excitatory receptive fields. Marked differences in this spatial
      organization were found between paralyzed and anesthesized animals. Significant
      latency differences were found between sustained (class I/II) and transient
      (class III) contralateral fibers. Corresponding latency differences were also
      seen in ipsilaterally driven responses. It is suggested that there may be at
      least two different classes of ipsilateral fibers. The existence of binocular
      interaction at the level of the afferent terminal arborizations was investigated,
      utilizing temporally asynchronous dichoptic stimulation. No such phenomena were
      seen in curarized animals. These findings are discussed in terms of possible
      velocity and direction sensitivity mechanisms.

PMID- 1081009
TI  - The antigenic region of the myelin basic protein is phylogenetically
      conservative.

PMID- 1081010
TI  - [Factor VIII-like antigen in haemophilia A and in Willebrand's disease (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1081011
TI  - [Influence of temperature changes and storing at 4 degrees c on HL-A
      lymphocytotoxins in the human sera (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081012
TI  - Fractionated T lymphocytes can inhibit mitogenic responses through dialyzable
      factors.

PMID- 1081013
TI  - [Effect of Plegomazine on the Babinski reflex].

PMID- 1081014
TI  - Isolation of dog, rat and hog pancreatic kallikreins by preparative disc
      electrophoresis and their properties.

PMID- 1081015
TI  - Evaluation of analgesic agents in rats with adjuvant arthritis.

PMID- 1081016
TI  - A simple method for the measurement of the cardiac afferent activities as
      affected by drugs, using the perfused heart of the bullfrog.

PMID- 1081017
TI  - Significance of new Q waves after aortocoronary bypass surgery. Correlation with
      changes in ventricular wall motion.
AB  - From June 1969 to December 1974, 142 patients underwent aortocoronary bypass
      surgery at the Veterans Administration Hospital, San Francisco. Seventeen
      patients developed new Q waves; two of four deaths in the hospital occurred among
      these 17 patients. Preoperative and postoperative catheterization data were
      available for analysis in 12 of the 15 surviving patients. Longitudinal,
      transverse, and hemiaxial segmental analysis of preoperative and postoperative
      single plane, 30 degrees right anterior oblique left ventriculograms revealed
      deterioration in wall motion in all 12 patients. The deterioration corresponded
      to the area on the electrocardiogram where the new Q waves appeared. In ten of 12
      patients, ejection fraction also deteriorated. Twenty-six of 29 grafts were
      patent. New Q waves after aortocoronary bypass surgery correlate well with the
      appearance of localized abnormalities in wall motion. We found no evidence that
      perioperative appearance of Q waves was not due to new perioperative myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1081018
TI  - Plasma and atrial propranolol after preoperative withdrawal.
AB  - Of 34 patients scheduled for aortocoronary bypass operations who were withdrawn
      from chronic propranolol therapy between 18 and 48 hours before anesthesia and
      operation, propranolol was detected in the plasma of nine and in atrial tissue of
      five patients. Higher plasma levels were associated with higher propranolol
      intake and with shorter time of withdrawal. In 15 patients withdrawn
      preoperatively from propranolol the heart rate and blood pressure response to 3
      mug isoproterenol was not significantly different from the response of similar
      patients who had received no propranolol. In contrast to the response of healthy
      subjects, most patients with coronary artery disease responded to isoproterenol
      with a decrease in systolic blood pressure. Plasma propranolol levels after a 0.5
      mg bolus given intravenously during operation produced a peak level of 40 ng/ml
      in one minute and disappeared in five minutes. These studies suggest that no beta
      blockade persists 18 hours after acute preoperative withdrawal of propranolol in
      patients taking up to 300 mg per day for control of angina. In view of the
      reported hazards of abrupt withdrawal of propranolol before operation and the
      reported usefulness of propranolol in treating tachyarrhythmias during operation,
      we suggest that early preoperative withdrawal of propranolol may be more
      hazardous than its continuation before coronary bypass operations.

PMID- 1081019
TI  - Screening for cystic fibrosis by analysis of meconium for albumin and protease
      inhibitors.
AB  - A qualitative method of detecting elevated meconium protein concentration was
      compared with a method of determining meconium albumin concentration by
      electroimmunoassay since elevated meconium protein levels can indicate pancreatic
      insufficiency caused by cystic fibrosis. Between 5 and 10 per 1000 healthy
      infants passed meconium specimens that gave a false positive reaction with the
      Boehringer Mannheim test strip and contained a greater than expected
      concentration of albumin.  It was possible to exclude pancreatic insufficiency in
      all of these children by determining the ratio, albumin : alpha1-antitrypsin in
      meconium and subsequent faecal specimens, since it was found that values of this
      ratio in excess of 2.0 suggested pancreatic insufficiency of the type associated
      with cystic fibrosis. Three of 14 neonates with subsequently proven cystic
      fibrosis yielded meconium specimens giving negative test strip results and low
      albumin concentrations. In two of these patients, the ratio, albumin : alpha1
      antitrypsin in the meconium was within normal limits but, within two months of
      birth, the albumin : alpha1-antitrypsin ratio in the faeces of both children was
      greater than 3.0 suggesting that pancreatic insufficiency had developed.

PMID- 1081020
TI  - The potentiating, mitogenic and inhibitory effects on lymphocytes in vitro, of
      macrophages in the lymph nodes of mice 'overloaded' with mycobacterial products.
AB  - The lymph nodes of mice overloaded with mycobacterial products, either by the
      injection of whole or ultrasonicated organisms, or as a consequence of severe
      infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans, contain phagocytic cells which cause
      spontaneous transformation of the lymph node cells in a low volume, high cell
      density culture system. This spontaneous mitosis is unaffected by trypsinization
      but is inhibited by specific antigen and by PHA, and eliminated by treatment with
      carbonyl iron. Replacement of the macrophages removed with carbonyl iron by a
      critical number of peritoneal cells, restores the spontaneous transformation.
      Normal lymph node, thymus or peritoneal lymphocytes will also undergo mitosis if
      small numbers of peritoneal cells are added to them. This phenomenon therefore
      appears not to be antigen-dependent, but is probably due to a mediator released
      from macrophages. The possible role of this phenomenon in the pathogenesis of
      mycobacterial disease and the 'overloading' of T lymphocytes in vivo is
      discussed, with reference to similar macrophage-dependent mechanisms reported in
      other systems.

PMID- 1081021
TI  - Immunodeficiency diseases. I. T-lymphocyte precursors and T-lymphocyte
      differentiation in partial Di George syndrome.
AB  - Immunological and pathological studies in a case of partial Di George syndrome
      revealed an absence of parathyroids, a major hypoplasia of thymus but a
      relatively moderate decrease in peripheral T-lymphocyte numbers and functions.
      After in vitro incubation with normal thymus extracts, a normal proportion of
      bone marrow cells was induced to differentiate into cells with characteristics of
      T lymphocytes, thus establishing the presence of T-cell precursors in the
      patient's bone marrow.

PMID- 1081022
TI  - Increased proliferation of T lymphocytes in the blood of patients with Hodgkin's
      disease.
AB  - We investigated the number of DNA-synthesizing T lymphocytes in the blood of
      patients with Hodgkin's disease, with infectious mononucleosis and in normal
      controls. T cells were characterized by their ability to form rosettes with
      unsensitized neuramidase-treated sheep red blood cells. Cells in DNA synthesis
      were evaluated autoradiographically after in vitro incubation with [3H]thymidine.
      Our results indicated a preferential proliferation of T lymphocytes in the blood
      of patients with Hodgkin's disease and infectious mononucleosis and suggested an
      increased turnover of these cells.

PMID- 1081023
TI  - Myasthenia gravis: studies on HL-A antigens and lymphocyte subpopulations in
      patients with myasthenia gravis.
AB  - Thirth-three patient with a clinical diagnosis of myasthenia gravis were tissue
      typed for HL-A antigens. In agreement with earlier reports a significant increase
      in antigens HL-A1 and HL-A8 were found in this material. Two of the patients were
      treated with chronic thoracic duct drainage. Proportions of T and B lymphocytes
      in lymph and peripheral blood were estimated in these patients. In the lymph an
      initial decrease in the proportion of T cells occurred, which was accompanied by
      a subsequent increase in the proportion of B cells. Towards the end of the
      chronic drainage period this effect was reversed. A slightly different picture
      occurred in blood lymphocytes. Initially, there was an increase in both T and B
      cells, followed by a decrease in T-cells numbers in one patient, whereas in the
      second patient the proportion of T cells decreased from the onset of drainage
      while the proportion of B cells steadily increased. These studies showed that
      available markers for determination of T ANd B cells were useful for studies of
      lymphocyte subpopulations in blood and lymph. Lmyphocytes from the thoracic duct
      were also tested for their reactivity to various mitogens specific for either T
      or B cells. The B-cell mitogens which were used were dextran sulphate,
      lipopolysaccharide, purified protein derivative, as well as rabbit anti-human
      beta2-microglobulin serum. The T-cell mitogens investigated were concanavalin A
      and phytohaemagglutinin. No significant differences in the responsiveness of
      thoracic duct lymphocytes compared to normal peripheral blood lymphocytes were
      found.

PMID- 1081024
TI  - Studies on the cytotoxic effect of in vivo and in vitro immunized lymphocytes on
      liver target cells.
AB  - Lymph node and spleen cells from mice immunized in vivo to allogeneic of
      syngeneic liver antigen are cytotoxic for syngeneic liver cells, but not for
      syngeneic fibroblasts or established liver cell cultures of allogeneic origin.
      The cytotoxic activity is mainly dependent on T-cell activity, but a non-T-cell
      mediated cytotoxicity may also play a role. Lymphocytotoxicity is inhibited by
      preincubation of the lymphocytes with syngeneic liver antigen, but not with
      syngeneic kidney homogenate. The liver-specific lymphocytotoxicity corresponds to
      the in vivo function of lymphocytes in the development of experimental hepatitis.
      In vitro immunization of lymphocytes in a Mishell-Dutton culture system also
      induces liver-specific cytotoxicity. The results indicate that the natural
      tolerance to self antigens can be lost after invivo as well as in vitro
      immunization. The induction of self-reactivity of lymphocytes in these
      experiments may be attributed to regulatory mechanisms of the immune reaction at
      a cellular level.

PMID- 1081025
TI  - [Pathological changes of the stomach associated with acute stroke; 1.
      gastroendoscopic findings].

PMID- 1081026
TI  - Physiological state, contractile properties of heart and lateral muscles of
      fishes from different depths.

PMID- 1081027
TI  - Purine metabolism in vertebrate blood cells.

PMID- 1081028
TI  - Tumor immunology.

PMID- 1081029
TI  - Problem-oriented pediatric practice. Appendix I. Principles of practice. Revised
      1/73.

PMID- 1081030
TI  - T and B origin of human lymphocytic leukaemia.
AB  - A new immunological classification of leukaemia diseases in man was assessed by
      using electrophoretic mobility as a cell-marker. It was found that all acute
      lymphocytic leukaemia analysed in childhood were T-cell leukaemia, and the
      majority of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in adults were also T-cell leukaemia.
      The remainder, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in adults, were B-cell leukaemia.
      The above statements are only partially compatible with the classification given
      by the most commonly used T- and B-cell markers such as rosette formation or cell
      surface immunoglobulins.

PMID- 1081031
TI  - The so-called Dandy-Walker syndrome: analysis of 12 operated cases.
AB  - Twelve patients between the years of 1964 and 1971 underwent surgical treatment
      for the so-called Dandy-Walker syndrome at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Five
      patients belonged to an early group (1-8 weeks); four patients to an intermediary
      group (3-20 months); and a late group consisted of three patients (3 years, 14
      years and 34 years). The value of the various diagnostic studies is discussed on
      the basis of an analysis of the plain skull X-rays, cerebral angiograms, and
      combined air studies. The importance of a careful delineation of the underlying
      pathological condition is stressed to enable the surgeon to choose the
      appropriate technique. The diagnostic studies confirmed the diagnosis of a true
      Dandy-Walker syndrome in six of the twelve cases. The remaining six proved to
      have either an independent posterior fossa cyst with communication of the
      subarachnoid space and occasionally with the ventricles; or an isolated posterior
      fossa cyst with no communication but with impingement on the aqueduct and on the
      midline structures. In six patients, a primary simple shunt procedure was
      performed which had to be followed by a posterior fossa craniectomy in one and by
      a double-shunt (ventricle and posterior fossa cyst) in another. Four patients
      underwent a posterior fossa craniectomy; as the primary and only procedure (2),
      craniectomy followed by a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (1), or an unsuccessful
      shunt followed by craniectomy (1). In two patients, a so-called 'double shunt'
      was performed as a second operation, draining simultaneously the right lateral
      ventricle and the posterior fossa cyst. There was no death in this series. Three
      children had evidence of infected shunts; they responded to adequate therapy.
      Four had excellent results, with normal neurological examination and normal
      development. Four had good results, performing in school (working) was markedly
      improved; two had fair results with residual neurological deficit and some mental
      retardation. Two patients had to be considered as poor results. Both of them,
      however, have shown evidence of concomitant severe congenital abnormalities of
      the cerebellum on the diagnostic studies. The follow-up period ranged from 1 1/2
      to 7 1/2 years.

PMID- 1081032
TI  - Diagnosis and surgical treatment of choroid plexus papillomas.
AB  - This is a report of 22 cases of papillomas of the choroid plexus diagnosed and
      managed personally by the author. The angiographic diagnosis and extension of
      choroid plexus papillomas are described, as is the surgical technique for
      removing these tumors from the lateral, third, and fourth ventricles. Specific
      attention is given to using the angiogram as the study of choice upon which
      surgical technique is planned. The diagnosis of choroid plexus papilloma of the
      lateral ventricle is made by observing the presence of a hypertrophied anterior
      choroidal artery, a 'double tumor' sign with one tumor at the trigone and the
      other within the temporal or frontal horn, tumor stain at the trigone, and
      asymmetrical hydrocephalus, generally, with a shift away from the side of the
      larger ventricle. Posterior fossa papillomas cause symmetrical hydrocephalus and
      generally have tumor stain located within the midline, with the major feeding
      coming from either the superior cerebellar or the posteroinferior cerebellar
      arteries. Surgical removal of the tumor should entail an 'en bloc' resection
      following occlusion of the feeding and draining vessels. The tumor should be
      removed directly when it is in the lateral ventricle and following
      ventriculocerebral spinal fluid shunting when it is in the posterior fossa.

PMID- 1081033
TI  - [Clinical experiences with dopamine after heart surgery].
AB  - 15 patients have been treated with dopamine (2.0--6.0 gamma/kg/min) in the
      initial phase of cardiogenic shock after cardiac surgery. Indication was a
      systolic blood pressure of less than 85 mmHg associated with oligurie and
      peripheral vasoconstriction. 12 patients survived the cardiocirculatory crisis
      and the early postoperative period. Dopamine alone increased the arterial blood
      pressure in 6 patients from 52.4 to 80.1 mmHg and the urine flow from 25.2 ml/hr
      to 181.2 ml/hr. To obtain an optimal perfusion pressure additional application of
      Noradrenalin was used in 8 patients. In these patients the urine flow rose from
      9.1 ml/hr to 131 ml/hr. In one patient no reaction, neither to dopamine, nor in
      combination with Noradrenalin was seen. The effect of pulse rate, central venous
      pressure and arterial oxygen tension has been discussed. Dopamine seems to be a
      useful substance in surgical patients with temporary cardiac insufficiency.

PMID- 1081034
TI  - Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations for fecal impaction.
AB  - During an 18-month period, 18 patients were admitted to the Beth Israel Hospital
      because of fecal impaction or its complications. The records of the 18 patients
      were reviewed to determine the presenting signs and symptoms, radiologic
      findings, course and etiology of fecal impaction. Prior use of drugs that slow
      gastrointestinal motility was found in seven cases, and seven of the 18 patients
      had severe neuropsychiatric illness. The presenting signs and symptoms in almost
      all instances were consistent with a diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. The
      difficulty in differentiating intestinal obstruction caused by fecal impaction
      from obstruction resulting from other lesions is discussed. The diagnosis of
      fecal impaction should be entertained only after other causes of intestinal
      obstruction have been excluded.

PMID- 1081035
TI  - Colonic diverticular disease: angiography for the diagnosis of bleeding.

PMID- 1081036
TI  - Colonic diverticular disease: management of massive bleeding.

PMID- 1081037
TI  - Colonic diverticular disease: discussion.

PMID- 1081038
TI  - Perforation of the colon complicating colonoscopy: report of a case.

PMID- 1081039
TI  - [Letter: Levamisol in therapy of inflammatory rheumatic diseases and
      sarcoidosis].

PMID- 1081040
TI  - [Endoscopic polypectomy of the upper gastro-intestinal tract: results and
      clinical features (author's transl)].
AB  - 247 polyps were removed by electroresection through an endoscope (and 240
      recovered) in 160 patients, aged 24-81 years. The histological substrate varied
      widely. Comparison of histological findings in the biopsy specimen with those of
      the entire polyp after polypectomy gave differing results in 41 of 87 gastric
      polyps. Complication rate of endoscopic polypectomy was 1.6%: postoperative
      bleeding occurred in three, which was treated conservatively, while in one
      patient ligation of a blood vessel by laparotomy became necessary. There were no
      perforation or lethal complications. Among three patients with hyperplasiogenic
      gastric polyps a "borderline lesion" was found in two (early carcinoma type I;
      adenocarcinoma). In 13 other patients with hyperplasiogenic polyps follow-up
      examination after one year revealed recurrence in three, absence of polyps in
      eight. In one patient a small gastric carcinoma (about 1 cm in diameter) was
      discovered four months later. It is possible that patients with hyperplasiogenic
      polyps are at a higher risk of cancer. Six-monthly endoscopic observation is,
      therefore, indicated.

PMID- 1081041
TI  - [Multiple cartilaginous exostoses with polyposis of stomach and colon: a new,
      hereditary combination different from Gardner's syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - Multiple cartilaginous exostoses were found in a 41-year-old man and his two
      sons, aged 11 and 15 years. The older boy had extensive polyposis of the sigmoid
      colon and gastric antrum, his brother had radiological changes suspicious of
      sigmoid polyposis, while there was no radiological evidence of polyposis in the
      father. None of them had any symptoms of polyposis. The described combination of
      findings suggests a separate entity from Gardner's syndrome, perhaps on the basis
      of a combined dominant gene inheritance. In case of multiple exostoses
      radiological and endoscopic examination of the gastro-intestinal tract for
      polyposis are indicated.

PMID- 1081042
TI  - Blood glucose and plasma insulin levels during prolonged pentobarbitone
      anaesthesia in the rat.
AB  - Experiments were conducted on 18 hr fasted male Wistar rats at 15 minutes (short
      term anaesthetised) and 5 hr (long-term anaesthetised) after the induction of
      anaesthesia with sodium pentobarbitone, 45 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally.
      Long-term anaesthetised animals received supplementary injections of anaesthetic,
      10 mg/kg body weight at hourly intervals, or as required to maintain anaesthesia.
      Normal basal arterial blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were well
      maintained during 5 hours of anaesthesia. Following an intravenous glucose
      challenge, plasma insulin levels and insulin-glucose ratios were slightly reduced
      in the long-term anaesthetised animals, but glucose tolerance was not
      significantly impaired. The insulin secretory capacity of pancreas pieces
      isolated from short-term and long-term anaesthetised animals and incubated in
      vitro in the absence and presence of glucose was not significantly altered. The
      hypoglycaemic effect of an intravenous injection of insulin was markedly
      diminished and the rate of elimination of insulin from the circulation was
      significantly increased in the long-term anaesthetised animals. These
      observations indicate adjustments of the glucose homeostatic mechanism during
      prolonged pentobarbitone anaesthesia in fasting rats.

PMID- 1081043
TI  - Effect of hypophysectomy on the volume and ultrastructure of zona glomerulosa in
      rat adrenal.
AB  - The zona glomerulosa of the rat has been examined at various times after
      hypophysectomy. There is no detectable change in the zona glomerulosa at 2 days
      after hypophysectomy. However by 7 days, the width of the glomerulosa became
      significantly larger in spite of an absolute decrease in the volume of the zone.
      No alternations in ultrastructure were discernible at this time in the
      glomerulosa, although giant mitochondria were seen in adjacent zona fasciculata
      cells. By 30 days there was a much wider zona glomerulosa and a restoration of
      the volume of the zone to that found in controls. Many zona glomerulosa cells
      were hypertrophic. The Golgi apparatus was enlarged and many vesicles were
      associated with peripheral cisternae. A few intramitochondrial tubules were
      observed in some mitochondria of the zona glomerulosa at 30 days.

PMID- 1081044
TI  - Modified technique of perfusion of isolated rat pancreas tested by insulin
      release after glucose administration.
AB  - A method of in vitro perfusion of isolated rat pancreas in a closed circuit is
      presented. The surgical procedure was slightly modified as compared to the
      methods published by others the superior mesenteric and coeliac arteries being
      fixed with tubings for the arterial inflow and the portal vein for the venous
      outflow. When the attached duodenum is perfused too, it is possible to study both
      the pancreatic and duodenal excretion. The perfusion of the pancreatic tissue was
      made with the aid of original equipment. The secretion of insulin into the
      perfusion fluid after the administration of glucose was measured by
      radioimmunoassay and a rapid increase of insulin level was found. This
      observation together with several histological aspects were considered to show
      the unimpaired viability of tissue.

PMID- 1081045
TI  - Influence of plasma hemostasis on insulin action in vitro.
AB  - The influence of various components of plasma hemostatic system on the
      assimilation of glucose by isolated rat hemidiaphragm in the presence of insulin
      was investigated. The addition of streptokinase and human plasminogen to the
      incubation medium decreased the rate of glucose assimilation. This effect did not
      occur when trasylol, an inhibitor of plasmin, was added to the assay system. The
      glucose assimilation by hemidiaphragms incubated in buffer with glucose and
      insulin was not influenced by thrombin, fibrinopeptides, fibrin degradation
      products, plasminogen, streptokinase or trasylol added separately to the assay
      system. The mechanism of the influence of plasmin on insulin action was partly
      elucidated in further experiments. Thus, less 125I-insulin was bound by isolated
      fat cells preincubated with plasmin than by control cells.

PMID- 1081046
TI  - Effect of epinephrine on adipose tissue metabolism in goats.
AB  - In adipose tissue of large omentum the release of non-esterified fatty acids
      (NEFA) was stimulated by epinephrine at concentration as low as 0.25 mug/ml. The
      stimulation increased sharply within the range of 1-10 mug epinephrine per ml and
      reached a maximum at 10 mug/ml. The incorporation of glucose and acetate into
      fatty acids and that of glucose into glycerol decreased with increasing
      concentration of epinephrine in the incubation medium. In the absence  of glucose
      and acetate in the incubation medium, hydroxybutyrate at concentrations within
      0.96-96 mM decreased significantly either the spontaneous lipolysis or that
      stimulated by epinephrine. In the presence of 2.5 mM glucose and 5 mM acetate in
      the incubation medium, beta-hydroxybutyrate did not significantly inhibit the
      mobilization of NEFA stimulated by epinephrine even at a concentration of 96 mM.
      In contrast, it accentuated the effect of epinephrine on the decrease of
      synthesis of fatty acids de novo and on the increase of reesterification of fatty
      acids. These results indicate that glucose and acetate may counteract the
      inhibitory effect of beta-hydroxybutyrate on lipolysis.

PMID- 1081047
TI  - Gomori-positive cells in rat thymus: Lack of evidence on endocrine function.
AB  - Large Gomori-positive cells were observed in rat thymus after hormonal induction
      (e. g. after treatment with oxytocin or hydrocortisone). In contrast to some
      findings by others, no evidence on endocrine function of these cells was found
      and they were identified as macrophages containing, in their cytoplasm, great
      amount of phagocytized material.

PMID- 1081048
TI  - Thyroid state and brain monoamine metabolism.
AB  - The rates at which rat brain synthesizes catecholamines and serotonin were
      estimated by measuring the accumulation of DOPA and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)
      45 min after ip administration of the decarboxylase inhibitor RO4-4602 (800 mg/kg
      BW). Following thyroparathy-roidectomy, hypothyroid rats showed a decreased
      accumulation of both precursor amino acids. On the other hand, hyperthyroidism
      (caused by administering 15 mug T4/100 g BW for 25 days) accelerated the
      accumulation of catecholamines and serotonin. The accumulation of 5-HTP
      correlated closely with brain tryptophan concentration in all treatment groups;
      DOPA accumulation, however, did not similarly correspond to brain tyrosine
      levels.

PMID- 1081049
TI  - The ACTH-releasing hormone of the hypothalamus requires a co-factor.
AB  - Gel filtration of an extract of rat median eminence tissue in 0.1 N HCl on
      Sephadex G-25 separated two peaks, both with feeble ACTH-releasing activity. Full
      activity of the extract was regained when both peaks were recombined. This
      observation suggests that the ACTH-releasing hormone of the hypothalamus requires
      a co-factor for activity.

PMID- 1081050
TI  - Trypsin-kallikrein isoinhibitor K (type Kunitz) from snails (Helix pomatia).
      Purification and characterization.
AB  - A basic proteinase inhibitor, isoinhibitor K, was purified by SE-Sephadex C-25
      column chromatography from the mixture of acid-stable and heat-stable
      isoinhibitors of the snail (Helix pomatia). Isoinhibitor K is homogeneous in
      polyacrylamide gel, cellulose acetate and polyacrylamide-dodecylsulfate
      electrophoresis. From the electrophoretic mobility in dodecylsulfate
      polyacrylamide gel and apparent molecular weight of 6500 +/- 200 was estimated.
      From the amino acid composition the inhibitor consists of 58 amino acid residues.
      It contains three disulfide bridges, a C-terminal valine and a lysine residue at
      the reactive site. Isoinhibitor K inhibits the enzymes: bovine trypsin and
      chymotrypsin, porcine plasmin and pancreatic kallikrein, the trypsin-like
      component of Streptomyces griseus proteinase-pronase E, and fungi proteinase K
      from Tritirachium album Limber, which is only inhibited very slightly in contrast
      to the effect of the mixture of isoinhibitors. The inhibitory effect of
      isoinhibitor K against these enzymes is compared to that of the mixture or of
      other isoinhibitors. The following enzymes are not inhibited by isoinhibitor K:
      Aspergillus proteinase P and alkaline bacillus proteinase 2231 (Rohm), which both
      are inhibited by the mixture of isoinhibitors. Porcine elastase, bacterial
      proteinase N (M) (Rohm), and a trypsin-like proteinase from wheat are not
      inhibited, porcine acrosin and porcine serum kallikrein only to a very minor
      extent by the mixture of isoinhibitors. Reactive-site peptide-bond cleavage
      during inhibition could not be detected. Thus, the inhibitory behaviour is just
      as broad in specificity and as unusual as that of the trypsin-kallikrein
      inhibitor (Kunitz) from bovine organs. The N-terminus is blocked by pyroglutamic
      acid. Isoinhibitor K is the main component of the isoinhibitors secreted into the
      mucus and amounts to 35-40% of the mixture.

PMID- 1081051
TI  - Statistical morphometric studies in normal human and rabbit corneal stroma.

PMID- 1081052
TI  - Trigeminal representations of the masticatory and extraocular proprioceptors as
      revealed by horseradish peroxidase retrograde transport.
AB  - Horseradish peroxidase has been injected in the masticatory and extraocular
      muscles in newborn and adult cats to identify the cells of origin for the muscle
      endings. Labeled motoneurons in the nuclei of the III, IV, V and VI nerves have
      been observed. They are the parent cells of the motor terminals taking up the
      enzyme in the muscle injected. Labeled ganglionic cells have been found scattered
      all along the ipsilateral mesencephalic nucleus of the V nerve after injection of
      both the jaw closing and the jaw opening muscles. Labeled cells have also been
      found in the ipsilateral caudal part of the same nucleus after injection of the
      extraocular muscles. These results are interpreted as due to enzyme uptake by the
      sensory endings of the muscle studied. Moreover cell bodies in the semilunar
      ganglion were found marked for both groups of muscles injected showing a second
      ganglionic representation for the sensory endings.

PMID- 1081053
TI  - Primary anejaculation: diagnosis and therapy.

PMID- 1081054
TI  - Age-dependence of spontaneous delayed hypersensitivity to DNA, antinuclear
      antibody production and development of glomerulonephritis in NZB mice.
AB  - In NZB mice of different ages (2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 months) the positivity of the
      migration inhibition test performed with the ds-DNA in spleen explants was
      compared with the level of immunofluorescent antinuclear antibodies and the
      incidence of glomerulonephritis. The positivity of the MIT was apparent at 4
      months of age, rose with ageing and decreased after 12 months of age. Production
      of ANA began later, mostly at 8 months of age, increased progressively with
      ageing, especially in female mice, and was followed by the development of
      glomerulonephritis which reached its peak at 16 months of age.

PMID- 1081055
TI  - [Radiochemical demonstration of serum antibodies against double stranded DNA in
      progressive and circumscribed scleroderma].

PMID- 1081056
TI  - Biochemical and histological changes in the respiratory system of Rana
      catesbeiana larvae during normal and induced metamorphosis.

PMID- 1081057
TI  - Synthesis of mitochondrial RNA by full-grown and maturing oocytes of Rana pipiens
      and Xenopus laevis.

PMID- 1081058
TI  - The accumulation of basic nonhemoglobin proteins during the differentiation of
      primitive (embryonic) red cells of amphibia.

PMID- 1081059
TI  - Changes in serum lipoproteins during metamorphosis of the bullfrog. Rana
      catesbeiana.

PMID- 1081060
TI  - Research - An integral part of dental education.

PMID- 1081061
TI  - On the role of the reticular-epithelial complex in transplantation of the thymus.
AB  - Transplantation of the neonatal thymus, into young, adult hosts, resulted in
      massive cell death of graft cortical lymphoid tissue with apparent selective
      survival of the reticular-epithelial cells. The central area of the graft was
      progressively cleared of cell debris and the characteristic thymic architecture
      restored within fourteen days of grafting. Evidence obtained from the
      regeneration of different-sized transplants suggested that the size and shape
      attained by the regenerated graft was closely related to the size and shape of
      the donor tissue. When donor rat thymuses were transplanted in Millipore
      chambers, the lymphocyte population did not reappear and after seven days only
      reticular-epithelial cells remained, retaining their normal appearance. However,
      when these thymic remnants were removed from the chambers and transplanted into
      secondary hosts, the thymus regenerated normally, suggesting that the lymphocytes
      in the regenerated gland were derived from the host. Thymic remnants after
      cortisol treatment of donors also formed distinct organs after grafting despite
      the fact that they contained few donor lymphocytes. From the differential effects
      of cortisol on host and transplanted thymus and the different growth
      characteristics of transplants it appears that transplants differ in their
      growth/involution control system from the host thymus.

PMID- 1081062
TI  - Resection of left ventricular aneurysm. Report of 277 patients.
AB  - The prognosis of patients with LVA (left ventricular aneurysm) treated medically
      has been uniformly poor. Surgical resection of the ventricular aneurysm has been
      the treatment of choice at the Texas Heart Institute since 1958. A more accurate
      evaluation of patients with LVA by selective coronary arteriography has
      demonstrated significant associated CAD in over 75 percent of these patients.
      Since 1969, 125 patients with at lease one vessel suitable for bypass (group II)
      have undergone single, double or triple ACB in association with LVA resection;
      and 51 patients (group III) without significant conc-omitant CAD underwent LVA
      resection alone. To evaluate the efficacy of combined ACB and LVA resection,
      patients in group II and group III were compared to a third group of 101 patients
      who underwent LVA resection alone from 1958 to 1969 (group I). Operative
      mortality was higher in group I (19.8%) as compared to group II (12.8%) and group
      III (9.5%). Higher mortality was found to be related to a coronary artery score
      above 8.9, presence of left main coronary lesion, posterior or inferior location
      of the LVA, severe concomitant mitral valve insufficiency and incomplete
      revascularization of the remaining ventricular myocardium after LVA resection.
      Lower mortality and improved long-term results found in groups II and III as
      compared to group I appear to justify our choice of a "complete operation" in
      patients with LVA.

PMID- 1081063
TI  - [Aorto-coronary bypass. On 200 cases surgically treated (author's transl].
AB  - 200 patients underwent bypass graft for treatment of severe coronary vessel
      disease. The bypass vein grafts were 316; single grafts in 100 cases, double in
      85, triple in 14 and in 1 case a patient received 4 grafts. In 57 cases a
      previous coronary endarterectomy was performed. The flow in the graft at the end
      of the operation was more than 40 cc/min. in 80% of cases. 22 patients died.
      Postoperative myocardial infarction occurred in 14% of the patients. The
      mortality was higher in the preinfarction angina group, and less in the chronic
      angina group without concomitant surgery (7,2%) and is statistically in direct
      relation to the functional condition of the left ventricle (2,8% in patients with
      end diastolic left ventricular pressure less than 20 mmHg and without akinetic
      areas). Relief of angina was observed in 87% of the surviving patients.
      Postoperative coronarography, catheterism and left ventriculography was performed
      in 46 patients. Only 2 of the 15 cases with postoperative angina had the graft
      patent. Significant improvement of the left ventricular function with
      disappearence or regression of akinetic areas was observed in 9 patients. Our
      experience indicates that the value of this operation cannot be entirely known at
      the present time.

PMID- 1081064
TI  - [Epidemiological prognosis in childhood tuberculosis in Poland (based on an
      epidemiological model)].

PMID- 1081065
TI  - [Behavior of alpha 1 antitrypsin in healthy children and in asthmatics].

PMID- 1081066
TI  - [Hemophilia. New information and approach to treatment].

PMID- 1081067
TI  - [Proceedings: Isolation of repitive mammalian DNA using various restriction
      endonucleases: localization of ECO-RI site of action compared with hydrolysis by
      Hin III induced fragments].

PMID- 1081068
TI  - [Phytomitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation - standardization and diagnostic
      value (author's transl)].
AB  - Lymphocytes can transform into blasts. This basic biological property is the
      prerequisite for many reactions of the cellular immune system. Therefore,
      lymphocyte transformation tests appear to be a valuable diagnostic approach to
      define primary and secondary immundeficiency associated with different diseases.
      The validity of the test system is based on a standardization wich can be
      achieved sufficiently with regard to culture conditions and measurement of DNA
      synthesis. But for phytomitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation a cooperative
      system of lymphocytes and macrophages is necessary. The results are influenced to
      a high degree by different cell separation procedures. Therefore, the
      interpretation of abnormal lymphocyte transformation data, induced unspecifically
      mitogens, has to take into account alteration of lymphocyte function, different T
      /B-cell ratios and changing counts and helper effects of macrophages in order to
      define a defective lymphocyte transformation more precisely.

PMID- 1081069
TI  - [Analysis and differentiation of cytergic immune reactions: tuberculine type and
      cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity (author's transl)].
AB  - The classic delayed tuberculine reaction represents a T-cell mediated immune
      reaction, detectable already before the formation of antibodies in the course of
      proteine sensitization. Myocobacteria stimulate and enhance this reaction. The
      skin test reaction needs the whole antigen for induction. The reaction starts 6
      to 8 hours later, shows maximal development 24 to 28 (-72) hours later and is
      characterized by inflammation, induration, sometimes with hemorrhagies, necroses
      and ulceration, a macrophage infiltration is typical in the histological picture.
      During the reaction between antigen and sensitized T-cells mediators are set free
      which act by the way of unspecific stimulation on T-, B-lymphocytes and
      macrophages, otherwise they may inhibit macrophage migration. The delayed
      reaction is active in many infectious diseases and in the rejection of
      transplants and tumours. The cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity (Jones-Mote)
      is a T-cell mediated immune reaction, detectable even before the classic delayed
      reaction after sensitization with tiny up to large doses of proteines. The skin
      reaction needs the whole antigen for induction, is visible 2 to 4 hours later in
      form of an inflammation with slight swelling and reaches maximal development 12
      to 24 hours later without hemorrhagies or necroses. The infiltration consists
      mainly of basophilic leucocytes. There exists a weaker avidity of the T-cells of
      the cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity compared to the T-cells of the delayed
      reaction or to the amount of antibodies. Therefore this reaction is easily
      suppressed by other immune reactions. In contactdermatitis and vaccine virus
      infections of the guinea pig the cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity consists
      for weeks and months because under these circumstances other immune reactions do
      not compete. The differentiation of the two reactions shall develop to a routine
      laboratory procedure due to their therapeutic consequences in the immune
      diagnostic field.

PMID- 1081070
TI  - [Humoral immune phenomena in acute and chronic viral hepatitis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - During HBAg positive acute viral hepatitis transitory antibodies of a low titer
      against smooth muscle, vascular endothelium, nuclei, and liver cell membrane
      antigens (polygonal pattern of immunofluorescence) occur. In HBAg positive
      chronic aggressive hepatitis, sometimes antibodies against nuclei or smooth
      muscle are associated with HBAg. Their occurrence heralds an unfavorable
      prognosis. High titer antibodies against nuclei and smooth muscle - a typical
      serology finding in lupoid chronic aggressive hepatitis - and mitochondrial
      antibodies have not been observed in a HBAg positive hepatitis. Subdividing
      chronic hepatitis in six different groups is possible with HBAg and antibodies.
      The predominance of histocompatability antigen HLA 8 in lupoid hepatitis and a
      lack of this leukocyte antigen in HGAg positive chronic aggressive hepatitis
      suggests that in the various forms of hepatitis, a different susceptability and
      capability for immune response towards microorganism is reflected. It is
      postulated that for course and outcome of hepatitis, the type of immune reaction
      plays a decisive role.

PMID- 1081071
TI  - Some variable controls for accurate heterologous anti-immunoglobulin (HAI) tests.

PMID- 1081072
TI  - Letter: Tuberculins old or purified.

PMID- 1081073
TI  - Mortality due to tuberculosis in children in India.

PMID- 1081074
TI  - Cochleovestibular disturbances in alkylphosphate-intoxication, as shown in animal
      experiments and clinical observations.

PMID- 1081075
TI  - Rosette formation with mouse erythrocytes: probable marker for human B
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Studies of peripheral blood lymphocytes were performed in 10 healthy control
      subjects and 15 patients with hematological disorders. Spontaneous formation of
      mouse red blood cell-forming rosettes (MRFC) were observed with 8.1% of
      lymphocytes in control subjects (range 4.2--12.0%), while rosette formation with
      sheep red blood cells (SRFC) and complement-coated sheep erythrocyte (EAC
      rosettes) was present in 69.2 and 10.7%, respectively. Mouse rosette-forming
      cells were increased in parallel fashion with EAC rosettes in five patients with
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia suggesting that mouse red blood cells (MRBC) may
      serve as a B cell marker. A single patient with a lymphoma associated with
      increased peripheral SRFC did not have a concomitant rise of MRFC. It appears
      likely that MRBC will provide another detection marker for B lymphocytes by
      spontaneous rosette formation.

PMID- 1081076
TI  - Bacteriophage MS-2 in the immune response.
AB  - Several aspects of the immune response to bacteriophage MS-2 were studied. In
      thymectomized, irradiated and bone marrow-reconstituted (TXBM) mice, the response
      was normal when a high dose of antigen was used. With a 50-fold lower dose of MS
      2, the response was impaired, indicating a T-cell involvement in antibody
      formation. More evidence for the (partial) T-cell dependence of MS-2 was obtained
      from experiments with anti-thymocyte serum or cyclophosphamide-treated mice. (3H)
      thymidine incorporation experiments demonstrated that both B and T cells were
      active upon in vitro stimulation with MS-2. The dose of MS-2 which was able to
      induce a normal response in TXBM mice, proved to be optimal for both
      sensitization and elicitation of a DH. It is concluded that MS-2 is a thymus
      dependent antigen which is only thymus independent in high doses.

PMID- 1081077
TI  - Carrier effect by Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection on rat antihapten IgE
      antibody response.
AB  - Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection was found to be highly effective in
      inducing a carrier-specific enhancing effect on primary and secondary antihapten
      IgE antibody response in the rat, when animals were immunized i.p. with 10 mug of
      dinitrophenylated N. brasiliensis protein (DNP-Nb) plus 10 mg Al(OH)3 2 weeks
      after the infection. The carrier effect by the infection was much greater than
      that obtained by any other supplementary immunization with the carrier (Nb) plus
      adjuvant, so far examined, in terms of the IgE antibody response. The results,
      together with our previous observation in the mouse, provide an explanation for
      the reason why antiworm IgE antibodies are so easily detectable in helminth
      infections.

PMID- 1081078
TI  - Host responses within solid tumors: non-thymus-derived specific cytotoxic cells
      within a murine mammary adenocarcinoma.
AB  - The nature of host-derived, specifically cytotoxic cells infiltrating solid
      murine mammary adenocarcinomas (line T1699) was investigated. Cell suspensions
      obtained from enzymatically dispersed tumors were separated by sedimentation
      velocity. The host cell fraction was heterogeneous and contained T-lymphocytes,
      non-phagocytic cells bearing Fc receptors, eosinophils and monocytes. Host cells
      equivalent in size to small lymphocytes and bearing Fc receptors were found to be
      the predominant cell type responsible for colony inhibition. These colony
      inhibiting cells were insensitive to lysis with either anti-theta or anti-IgG
      serum and complement; and they were specific both in their induction and in their
      mediation and in their mediation of cytotoxicity. Host cells made up the
      predominant population in spontaneously regressive tumors but only a minor
      component in progressive tumors, and they were totally absent from progressive
      tumors in X-irradiated animals.

PMID- 1081079
TI  - The effect of radiation on processing of nuclear RNA and chromatin ribonuclease
      activity in rat liver and thymus.
AB  - The effect of radiation on the kinetics of nuclear RNA degradation was studied
      during actinomycin chase. The intranuclear breakdown of RNA in thymus was
      inhibited for the first 30-120 min after 800 R irradiation of rats. In liver the
      degradation of nuclear RNA was unchanged for 60 min after irradiation. By the
      second hour, the breakdown of the rRNA precursor accelerated and the processing
      of D-RNA slowed down. Rat thymus and liver chromatin showed RNAase activity with
      two optimal pHvalues- in the acidic (pH 5-0-5-5) and weakly alkaline (pH 7-5)
      regions. The activity of the acidic RNAase of thymus (but not the liver)
      chromatin fell after 5-20 kR irradiation in vitro. The activity of the alkaline
      RNAase did not change under these conditions. The data indicate that a fall in
      activity of the acidic RNAase in irradiated thymus chromatin may be related to
      disturbance in the enzyme-inhibitor interaction. A possible contribution of the
      chromatin acidic RNAase to the processing of nuclear RNA in control and after
      irradiation is discussed.

PMID- 1081080
TI  - Energy requirements for damaging DNA molecules. III. The mechanisms of
      inactivation of bacteriophage chiX 174 DNA by vacuum ultra-violet radiation.
AB  - Strand break formation and biological inactivation of infectious DNA of
      bacteriophage phi chi 174 exposed to vacuum-ultra-violet radiation of 4-9 to 21-2
      eV quantum energy is investigated. At 21-2 eV as many as 84 per cent of the DNA
      molecules are inactivated by breaks whereas breaks do not contribute to
      inactivation at 4-9 eV. The quantum yield of break formation increases from 1-7 X
      10(-5) (4-9 EV) to 0-55 (21-2 eV) and shows a dependence on energy similar to
      that of electron emission (due to ionization) above 8 eV. The mechanisms leading
      to break formation and inactivation are discussed taking the absorption spectrum
      of DNA in the vacuum-ultra-violet region into consideration.

PMID- 1081081
TI  - Further studies of DNA damage and lethality from the decay of iodine-125 in
      bacteriophages.
AB  - The DNA of coliphages T4 and T1 was labelled with 125I-iododeoxyuridine. 125I
      decay is known to cause severe molecular damage via vacancy cascades (the Auger
      effect). We have compared the induction of both single- and double-strand breaks
      (SSBs and DSBs) in 125I-labelled T4 DNA stored at - 196 degrees C during decay,
      either as intact phage or as free DNA. These comparative experiments indicate
      that, in addition to one DSB which apparently results directly from the Auger
      effect, each decay in an intact phage also give rise to an additional 0-05 DSBs,
      as well as 1-6 SSBs, as a result of ionizing radiation absorbed in the same phage
      particle where the decay occurs. An examination of T4-killing by 125I decay
      reveals a two-phase survival curve, whose initial slope corresponds to a lethal
      efficency per 125I decay of 0-95 +/- 0-05, which is considerably higher than
      values previously determined. The results for phage T4, and of a more limited
      comparison of 125I suicide and DNA damage in phage T1, support the hypothesis
      that the vacancy cascades which accompany each 125I decay in DNA result in a
      double-strand break at the decay site and that each such break is a lethal event.

PMID- 1081082
TI  - Radiation dose from plutonium deposited in marrow and bone of normal and
      chimaeric mice.
AB  - 239Pu citrate was injected intraperitoneally into CBA mice and into CBA mice
      which had been made chimaeric by replacing their haematopoietic bone-marrow with
      that from another genetically-identical but cytologically-distinct strain. The
      mice were killed at three intervals up to 90 days after injection, and the
      deposited 239Pu was determined radiochemically in bone-marrow and in bone. The
      average radiation dose (integrated over 90 days) was found to be greater in the
      bones but lower in the marrow of chimaeric mice than in the corresponding tissues
      of the normal CBA mice. These results are discussed from the points of view of
      induction of malignant change in marrow and bone and of plutonium metabolism in
      the two types of mouse.

PMID- 1081083
TI  - Modification of the radiosensitivity of barley seed by post-treatment with
      caffeine. Kinetics of decay of caffeine-reactive oxygen-sensitive sites.
AB  - In dry barley seeds (3-1 per cent moisture content), the maximal level of oxic
      damage (class III damage) is reached within the first 40 min of post-hydration in
      oxygenated water at 5 +/- 1 degrees C. The decay of the gamma-ray-induced oxygen
      sensitive sites requires, however, about 120 min. The mechanisms leading to
      partial protection against the class III damage are initiated when caffeine is
      present during the first 30 min of oxygenated post-hydration. If added after 30
      min of oxygenated hydration, caffeine has no protective action. For the
      potentiation of an oxygen-independent component of damage, caffeine has to be
      present during the first 240 min of oxygen-free hydration. These observations
      involving a physiologically inert system raise questions regarding physico
      chemical vis-a-vis biochemical mechanisms of caffeine effect on irradiated
      systems and these have been briefly discussed.

PMID- 1081084
TI  - Oxygen--effect on strand breaks and specific end-groups in DNA of irradiated
      thymocytes.
AB  - Thymocytes were irradiated with fast electrons up to 6 Mrad in the presence and
      absence of oxygen. The cells were treated before irradiation with a cold shock to
      prevent any repair rejection during irradiation. The DNA isolated subsequently
      was analysed for double-strand breaks (dsb), actual single-strand breaks (ssb)
      and alkali-induced strand breaks (alisb). We observed a linear increase of all
      types of lesions with dose and an o.e.r. for dsb of 3-6, for ssb of 4-9 and for
      alisb of 2-1. The data do not deviate significantly from those, measured on
      thymocytes irradiated without cold shock. In DNA of irradiated thymocytes, the
      frequency of 3' and 5' hydroxyl and 5' phosphate end-groups was analysed
      enzymatically. In both the ssb and alisb, about 11 per cent of the terminals
      carry 5'OH end-groups and 20-40 per cent 5' phosphate groups. On the 3'
      terminals, 60-80 per cent of the ssb are identified as 3'OH end-groups, whereas
      on the alisb only a small amount of 3'OH end-groups if found. The frequency of
      characterized end-groups shows the same oxygen effect as the corresponding strand
      breaks. Therefore, in the presence and absence of oxygen, the same mechanism may
      be responsible for formation of DNA strand breaks in vivo.

PMID- 1081085
TI  - Letter: Rejoining of DNA single-strand breaks in mammalian cells incubated in
      buffer or in medium after aerobic or anaerobic x-irradiation.

PMID- 1081086
TI  - Letter: Lack of radiosensitizing effect of extract from germinating barley seeds.

PMID- 1081087
TI  - Radiosensitivity and hydroxyl radical reactivity of phosphate esters as measured
      by radiation-induced dephosphorylation.
AB  - The yields of inorganic phosphate from irradiated phosphate esters of biological
      interest have been measured in the presence of various free-radical scavengers.
      These studies indicate that hydroxyl radical attack on the phosphate esters
      accounts for most of this damage. Competition kinetics using different hydroxyl
      radical scavengers whose reactivities are known have been used to estimate the
      rate-constants for the overall hydroxyl radical reactivities of the phosphate
      esters. The extent of hydroxyl-radical-induced dephosphorylation is very low for
      nucleotide derivatives, but high for some sugar and glycerol phosphates,
      reflecting the probability of hydroxyl radical abstraction at the alpha or beta
      carbon atoms adjacent to the phosphate ester linkage. The hydroxyl radical
      reactivities of nucleotides, coenzymes, sugar phosphates and phospholipid
      components are all high (1-10 X 10(9) M-1 sec-1), indicating the importance of
      hydroxyl radical attack in the inactivation of these components in living cells,
      although not necessarily by dephosphorylation.

PMID- 1081088
TI  - Viruses in osteosarcomas induced by 226Ra. A study of the induction of bone
      tumours in mice.
AB  - Three groups (15 in each) of 3-month-old mice were injected intraperitoneally
      with 0-5 muCi 226Ra. They were male and female C3H/H and female CBA/H. The groups
      were matched by similar controls that were not injected. Osteosarcomas were found
      in 14/15 of the female C3H/H mice--animals known to carry mammary-tumour viruses
      in milk--compared with 6/15 in their male counterparts. In CBA/H female mice,
      which have a very low incidence of both mammary tumours and leukaemia, osteo
      sarcomas developed in 7/15 of the animals. The CBA/H mice lived about 5-8 months
      longer and revealed their osteosarcomas at a correspondingly later time than
      C3H/H mice. Virus particles were observed in each of the three mammary tumours
      and in 15 out of the 17 osteosarcomas examined by electron microscopy. No
      definitive statement can be made from this experiment whether or not osteosarcoma
      was caused by a virus; but the results suggest that viruses may be a contributory
      factor in the development of osteosarcoma in these animals.

PMID- 1081089
TI  - Radioprotection of lipogenesis from glucose (U-14C) and activities of pyridine
      nucleotide dehydrogenases in liver of gamma-irradiated female rats by cystamine.
AB  - Whole-body gamma-irradiation (1200 R) of female rats significantly increased
      liver glycogen and incorporation of glucose (U-14C) into liver fatty acids.
      Administration of cystamine before irradiation protected the enhanced lipogenesis
      from glucose (U-14C), but afforded only a partial protection of liver glycogen
      levels. Irradiation significantly decreased the activities of liver pyruvate
      kinase and isocitrate dehydrogenase, and this decrease was not prevented by the
      administration of cystamine before irradiation. A significant increase in the
      activity of liver malate dehydrogenase (dehydrogenating) was noted in irradiated
      rats, which was not prevented by the administration of cystamine before
      irradiation. Irradiation did not affect the activities of combined hexose
      monophosphate pathway dehydrogenases and of malate dehydrogenase
      (decarboxylating).

PMID- 1081090
TI  - Influence of rat blood on radiation protection of mammalian cells by cysteamine
      and cystamine in vitro.
AB  - The protective effect of cystamine and cystamine on T-cells in normal growth
      medium was studied in the presence of whole rate blood (WRB). The protective
      effectiveness of both agents was increased by the addition of WRB, but much less
      so on the activity of cystamine. In the presence of WRB a dose-reduction factor
      of 1-5 was obtained at the low concentration of 0-05 mM cysteamine. The increase
      in protection was not due to induction of anoxia or to a release of glutathione
      from the rat red cell. The increase in protection may be due to protector RS
      radicals reacting with rat red cells.

PMID- 1081091
TI  - Quantitative dose-response of growth and development in Arabidopsis thaliana
      exposed to chronic gamma-radiation.
AB  - The response of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. (Cruciferae) to a gradient of
      chronic gamma-radiation was examined under field conditions. Plants that were
      initially introduced to the gamma field as dry seeds received exposures of 1-34
      to 18 800 R/20 hour day from the time of seed germination. Regression analysis
      demonstrated a significant, but non-linear, response for three variables, number
      of seedlings emerging, number of plants flowering, and plant volume; the response
      of a fourth variable, number of leaves per plant, was not related to daily
      exposure. LD50 values ranged from 66 R/20 hour day for plant volume to 1231 R/20
      hour day for seedling emergence. Flowering and plant volume were the most
      sensitive indicators of radiation exposure. The demonstration of a variable
      threshold at low levels of exposure indicates that in nature A. thaliana may be
      exposed to environmental radiation throughout its life-cycle without significant
      modification of growth or development.

PMID- 1081092
TI  - The relationship between chromosome aberrations and low LET radiation dose to
      human lymphocytes.
AB  - In vitro dose-response curves of unstable chromosome aberrations in human
      lymphocytes have been obtained for 250 kV X-rays and cobalt-60gamma-radiation.
      The aberration yields have been fitted to the quadratic function Y = alphaD
      +betaD2, which is consistent with the single-track and two-track model for
      aberration formation. The values of the coefficients alpha and beta support the
      hypothesis that the dose-rate effect is limited to the D2 term. The main
      difference between the coefficients for X- and gamma-radiation is in the alpha
      values, indicating that X-rays are slightly more efficient, at lower doses, in
      producing two lesions with a single ionizing track. The lower limits of dose
      estimate, with 500 cells analysed, are 4 rad for X-rays and 10 rad gamma
      radiation. Further evidence is presented confirming that, for cytogenetic
      dosimetry, in vitro dose-response curves should be prepared by irradiating whole
      blood maintained at 37 degrees C and prior to PHA stimulation. Curves were
      plotted showing the variation of the number of cells without aberrations with
      radiation dose and the shape of these curves were compared with those from human
      cell survival experiments.

PMID- 1081093
TI  - Letter: Response of a rat brain tumour to irradiation with accelerated neon ions.

PMID- 1081094
TI  - Letter: Gamma-irradiation of mammalian beating heart cells in vitro. Effects on
      cellular function.

PMID- 1081095
TI  - The electroretinogram in dogs with inherited cone degeneration.
AB  - The electroretinogram (ERG) of hemeralopic Alaskan malamute dogs contains only
      rod components. There is absence of the photopic b-wave which is normally
      elicited with red light stimuli during dark adaptation and, using flicker
      stimulation, only the first or rod branch of the flicker fusion response curve is
      present. At high stimulus intensity levels, the flicker response of hemeralopes
      is absent. A normal ERG is recorded from affected dogs using blue light stimuli
      and low intensity white light. In the adult hemeralope, the retina contains no
      cones.

PMID- 1081096
TI  - Modern drug therapy in rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1081097
TI  - Clinical immunology for the gastroenterologist.

PMID- 1081098
TI  - The use of the problem oriented medical record and feature cards in practice
      management and research.

PMID- 1081099
TI  - Anti-nucleic acid antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and their
      families. Incidence and correlation with lymphocytotoxic antibodies.
AB  - Anti-RNA antibodies were found in 82% of 28 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
      probands and in 16% of 124 of their family members. The incidence in 76 control
      family members was only 5%. In the SLE family members, the antibodies were found
      exclusively in 21% of the 94 close household contacts of the probands. The
      incidence of anti-native DNA (nDNA) antibodies was 68% for the SLE probands. The
      incidence of anti-nDNA antibodies in close household contacts of the probands was
      6%, which was not significantly different from the 1% incidence found in control
      families. Lymphocytotoxic antibodies occurred in 57% of the SLE family members as
      a whole and in 68% of the close household contacts. In the SLE probands,
      lymphocytotoxic antibodies correlated with anti-single-stranded RNA (poly A) and
      anti-nDNA but not with anti-double-stranded RNA (poly A-poly U). On the other
      hand, lymphocytotoxic antibodies in the household contacts correlated with anti
      double-stranded RNA (poly A-poly U) but not with anti-poly A or anti-nDNA. The
      anti-RNA antibodies were present in consanguineous household contacts but not in
      nonconsanguineous household contacts. These findings strengthen the hypothesis
      that both an environmental agent, possibly a virus, as well as the genetic
      response are important in the pathogenesis of SLE. Family members may therefore
      be a logical population in whom to search for specific antibodies to a viral
      agent.

PMID- 1081100
TI  - Adult alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - Three adults with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency are described. In two of the
      cases the deficiency was genetically determined (cases 1 and 2), and each
      demonstrated unusual features of the disease. The liver in case 1 (homozygous)
      showed cholangiolar hyperplasia which has been recorded only once before. Case 2
      (heterozygous) had emphysema and cirrhosis, a combination not previously
      documented in a heterozygote, in addition to malabsorption. Case 3 represents a
      case of spurious alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency with cirrhosis included to
      emphasize the diagnostic improtance of phenotyping in such cases.

PMID- 1081101
TI  - Inhibitory effect of Apernyl on production of bradykininlike substance in pulp.
AB  - In the Formalin-induced pulpitis of rats and the electrically stimulated pulps of
      dogs, a bradykininlike substance developed by the pulps and released into a
      saline pool on the exposed pulps disappeared after a local application of Apernyl
      solution. This suggests that the possible pain-reducing or anti-in-flammatory
      effect of Apernyl is a result of its inhibiting bradykinin production.

PMID- 1081102
TI  - Heterogeneity of human T lymphocytes to bind sheep erythrocytes and mitogenic
      responses of their subpopulations.
AB  - Heterogeneity of human T lymphocytes was examined by the rosette formation of
      sheep red blood cells (E-rosette) in two different reaction media: fetal calf
      serum (FCS) and gelatin Veronal buffer (GVB). Nearly all the T lymphocytes could
      form rosettes in FCS at 1 degrees C (FCS-R) independently of the incubation time.
      In contrast, rosette formation in GVB (GVB-R) was apparently dependent upon the
      incubation time and could not be used in the enumeration of the total T cells
      even after long incubation. Among the possible subpopulations, a fraction (T1)
      that could form GVB-R as well as FCS-R, and the other fraction (T2) that could
      form only FCS-R were partially purified by rosette formation and by density
      gradient on a Ficoll-Isopaque layer. In contrast to the T cell-depleted fraction
      (B) which formed EAC rosettes in a majority of cells and E rosettes in a few
      cells, only a small portion of cells from both the T1 and T2 fractions could form
      EAC-rosettes. T1 cells possessed high responses to PHA as estimated by the counts
      of 3H-TdR incorporation as well as the stimulation indices. In contrast, T2 cells
      possessed a lower responsiveness to the mitogen, and B fraction cells could not
      respond at all. These results suggested that a positive correlation exists
      between the ability of E rosette formation and responsiveness to PHA in the T
      cell subpopulations. Preliminary experiments also suggested that percentages of
      T1 cells highly responsive to PHA may decrease and, therefore, those of T2 cells
      less responsive to the mitogen may increase in the T cell population of the
      patients with some immunodeficiencies.

PMID- 1081103
TI  - Genetic control of the murine cell-mediated immune response in vivo. II. H-2
      linked responsiveness to the synthetic polypeptide poly(Tyr,Glu)-poly(DL-Ala)-
      poly(Lys).
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity in response to (T,G)-A-L was studied with a radioisotopic
      footpad assay. It appears that in vivo cell-mediated immune responsiveness to
      (T,G)-A--L is linked to the H-2 complex, as was demonstrated previously for
      specific antibody snythesis. Evidence is presented in this report which indicates
      that the cell-mediated immunity measured is a function of a population of T
      cells. The apparent controversy between results obtained by analyzing antibody
      formation and cell-mediated immunity can be explained by assuming the need for
      cell cooperation between helper T cell and effector T cell, because efficient
      purely cellular immunity is analogous to T-B cell cooperation needed for antibody
      production.

PMID- 1081104
TI  - Lack of inverse relationship between the net charge of T-independent immunogens
      and the responding spleen cells.
AB  - Previous studies have demonstrated an inverse relationship between the net
      electrical charge of immunogens and the antibodies they elicit. This correlation
      was found to be expressed at the cellular level. It has been shown that thymus
      derived cells may recognize immunogens on the basis of their overall electrical
      charge. In this study, charged T-independent copolymers composed of tyrosine,
      glutamic acid, and lysine of the D configuration were prepared in order to find
      out whether this net charge phenomenon holds also for immunogens which do not
      require helper T cells for generation of immune response. Spleen cells were
      fractionated over negatively charged glass bead columns, and their
      immunocompetence was tested by transferring them into irradiated recipient mice
      which were immunized with the dinitrophenylated acidic or basic T-independent
      carrier. No differences in the responsiveness to the dinitrophenyl group on
      either carrier could be detected in recipients of unfractionated or fractionated
      cells on the charged columns. Similar results were obtained with the negatively
      charged T-independent branched polypeptide poly-(DTyr,DGlu)-poly(DPro)-
      poly(DLys). Filtration of spleen cells through glass bead columns did not affect
      the immune response potential of the recipient mice. In contrast, a significant
      reduction was observed in the frequency of positive responses in recipients of
      filtered cells, which were immunized with the negatively charged T-dependent
      poly(DTyr,DGlu)-poly(DPro)--poly(DLys). Thus, the inverse net charge phenomenon
      holds only for T-dependent antigens.

PMID- 1081105
TI  - Effects of anti-Ia serum on mitogenic responses. I. Inhibition of the
      proliferative response to B cell mitogen, LPS, by specific anti-Ia sera.
AB  - Specific anti-Ia serum in combination with rabbit complement removed the B
      lymphocyte population normally responsive to LPS mitogenic stimulation.
      Significant inhibition of this proliferative response was also obtained by brief
      periods of cell pretreatment with anti-Ia antibodies, but not with specific anti
      H-2K antibodies. The population of splenic B cells resistant to anti-Thy-1.2
      serum and complement was blocked in a very similar manner by anti-Ia serum, but
      not by anti-H-2 serum.

PMID- 1081106
TI  - Permanent slide preparations of T lymphocyte-sheep red blood cell rosettes.
AB  - Rosette formation between sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and human thymus-derived
      lymphocytes (T cells) is used to monitor T cells in various human diseases.
      Rosettes are usually counted in a hemacytometer immediately after preparation.
      This paper reports a technique for permanently fixing and staining rosettes for
      serial and comparative studies, a procedure which has probably been less well
      standardized, less reproducibly performed, and less widely used than many
      investigators appreciate. The technique describedhas the advantages of providing
      distinct morphological identification of the rosette-forming cell and it produces
      a permanent mount for further reference.

PMID- 1081107
TI  - Nutritional osteomalacia (metabolic aspects with particular reference to serum
      vitamin D activity).

PMID- 1081108
TI  - Algorithms in the diagnosis and management of exotic diseases. VII. Trichinosis.

PMID- 1081109
TI  - Letter: Claims-made policies.

PMID- 1081110
TI  - Letter: 'Hold-harmless" pact.

PMID- 1081111
TI  - Hospital liability for emergency room services--the problems of admission and
      consent.

PMID- 1081112
TI  - State certificate of need laws: practical problems of compliance.

PMID- 1081113
TI  - What are the father's rights in abortion?

PMID- 1081114
TI  - Third-party actions against physicians.

PMID- 1081116
TI  - Intrauterine murder.

PMID- 1081115
TI  - Editorial: In emergencies, is consent essential?

PMID- 1081117
TI  - Beneficial education costs are not always deductible.

PMID- 1081118
TI  - Freeze-replica observations on frog sartorius muscle. I. Sarcolemmal
      specialization.

PMID- 1081119
TI  - Aspects of tail muscle ultrastructure and its degeneration in Rana temporaria.
AB  - 1. Tail muscles of larval Rana temporaria and to a lesser extent Xenopus laevis,
      at prometamorphosis, were investigated by light and electron microscopy. In the
      case of Rana their degeneration is described at metamorphic climax. 2. The non
      degenerate tail muscles of both genera are generally similar in their
      ultrastructure and likewise similar to those striated muscles of other adult
      vertebrates including amphibians. 3. At climax tail muscles of Rana degenerate by
      autolysis. It seems likely that lysosomal enzymes are directly involved in
      sarcoplasmic degeneration. The relationship between lysosomes and myofibrillar
      degradation is difficult to establish. The subject is discussed in the light of
      relevant information (mainly mammalian) on muscle dystrophies. 4. Anuran tail
      muscle is highly degraded before its probable phagocytosis by mesenchymal
      macrophages.

PMID- 1081120
TI  - Visual reaction times during prolonged angular acceleration parallel the
      subjective perception of rotation.
AB  - The effect of prolonged angular acceleration on choice reaction time to an
      accelerating visual stimulus was investigated, with 10 commercial airline pilots
      serving as subjects. The pattern of reaction times during and following
      acceleration was compared with the pattern of velocity estimates reported during
      identical trials. Both reaction times and velocity estimates increased at the
      onset of acceleration, declined prior to the termination of acceleration, and
      showed an aftereffect. These results are inconsistent with the torsion-pendulum
      theory of semicircular canal function and suggest that the vestibular adaptation
      is of central origin.

PMID- 1081121
TI  - Problem-specific coding systems.
AB  - The data found in medical records, particularly in problem-oriented records,
      could yield very useful information for many aspects of the health care delivery
      system. Unless the tools and methods used in the analysis of health care data are
      very carefully designed, the potential value of this information cannot be fully
      realized. Coding is a critical step in the process of converting medical record
      data into useful information. This paper presents six criteria as design goals
      for a standard, comprehensive, coherent set of nomenclatures, classifications,
      taxonomies, and corresponding coding schemes for the analysis of medical and
      administrative record data. These goals are: compatibility with established
      routine operating procedure, health care problem specificity, hierarchical
      structure, economy through articulation of the components with one another and
      through the similarities in various aspects of health care delivery, and
      adaptability to change.

PMID- 1081122
TI  - Characterization of the effects of Mg2+ on Ca2+- and Sr2+-activated tension
      generation of skinned skeletal muscle fibers.
AB  - Changes in [Mg2+] in a millimolar range have a significant inverse effect on the
      Ca2+- (or Sr2+)activated tension generation of skeletal muscle fibers. Single
      frog (Rana pipiens) semitendinosus muscle fibers were "skinned" (sarcolemma
      removed) and contracted isometrically in bathing solutions of varying [Ca2+] or
      [Sr2+] and [Mg2+] but a constant pH, [MgATP2-], [K+], [CP2-], [CPK], and ionic
      strength. Ca2+- (or Sr2+-)activated steady-state tensions were recorded for three
      [Mg2+]'s: 5 X 10(-5)M, 1 X 10(-3) M, and 2 X 10(-3) M; and these tensions were
      expressed as the percentages of maximum tension generation of the fibers for the
      same [Mg2+]. Maximum tension was not affected by [Mg2+] within Ca2+-activating or
      Sr2+-activating sets of solutions; however, the submaximum Ca2+-(or
      Sr2+)activated tension is strongly affected in an inverse fashion by increasing
      [Mg2+]. Mg2+ behaves as a competitive inhibitor of Ca2+ and also affects the
      degree of cooperativity in the system. At [Mg2+] = 5 X 10(-5)M the shape of
      tension versus [Ca2+] (or [Sr2+]) curve showed evidence of cooperativity of Ca2+
      (or Sr2+) binding or activation of the contractile system. As [Mg2+] increased,
      the apparent affinity for Ca2+ or Sr2+ and cooperativity of the contractile
      system declined. The effect on cooperativity suggests that as [Mg2+] decreases a
      threshold for Ca2+ activation appears.

PMID- 1081123
TI  - Acetylcholine sensitivity changes in tadpole tail muscle fibers innervated by
      developing motor neurons.

PMID- 1081124
TI  - Proceedings: Lateral extradural approach to schwannomas of the cerebellopontine
      angle.

PMID- 1081125
TI  - Proceedings: Differential diagnosis of cerebellopontine angle lesions by
      vertebral angiography.

PMID- 1081126
TI  - Meningiomas of Meckel's cave.
AB  - A retrospective review of 12 cases of meningioma of Meckel's cave involving the
      Gasserian ganglion or the trigeminal posterior root (or both) seen at the Mayo
      Clinic during a 20-year period suggested three clearly defined clinical groups.
      One group (the largest) had typical trigeminal neuralgia and an excellent
      prognosis after the removal of the easily detachable mass that was impinging on
      the ganglion.  A second group, with meningiomas en plaque embedded in the
      ganglion, had a history of atypical trigeminal face pain without neurological
      deficit, but the prognosis for pain relief was not as good as in the previous
      group. A third group had a history of face dysesthesias and pain, objective
      trigeminal sensory loss, and multiple cranial nerve deficit; these patients had
      meningiomas with histological signs of mitotic activity and a poor prognosis,
      with return of intractable pain and recurrence of the tumor.

PMID- 1081127
TI  - Rhabdomyosarcoma of the brain.
AB  - The authors report a case of rhabdomyosarcoma originating in the fourth ventricle
      and review the eight comparable previous reports on true rhabdomyosarcoma,
      composed solely of mesenchymal elements. Tumors in most adults arose in the
      cerebral hemisphere, while those in children arose exclusively in the midline
      structures of the posterior fossa. The tumor in the author's case was initially
      benign and well circumscribed, but within 2 years had changed into a malignant
      rhabdomyosarcoma. The histological documentation during the interval is presented
      and discussed.

PMID- 1081128
TI  - Ascites from a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
AB  - An unusual case of ascites secondary to a ventriculoperitoneal shunt is
      presented. The ascites did not redevelop following diversion of the distal
      catheter into the right atrium, and no adequate explantation was found as to why
      the cerebrospinal fluid was not absorbed by the peritoneum.

PMID- 1081129
TI  - Recognition of traffic signals viewed through colored filters.
AB  - Experiments were carried out to provide an empirical basis for setting color
      standards for sunglasses. Nineteen individuals, ten with anomalous color vision,
      viewed traffic signals through a series of color filters. Limits on the apparent
      color shift for the amber and green signals as well as for D65 are presented on a
      1931 CIE chromaticity diagram. Limits on the reduction in the apparent luminosity
      for each of the three signals are given in terms of the minimum transmittance of
      the lens for each signal.

PMID- 1081130
TI  - Oral surgical complications with Von Willebrand's Disease, a case report.

PMID- 1081131
TI  - Central cavernous hemangioma of the mandible treated by an intraoral approach.
AB  - We have presented a case of surgical treatment of a central cavernous hemangioma
      of the mandible in which a radical deforming operation on a 12-year-old girl was
      avoided. A rather unique surgical approach was devised after all diagnostic
      criteria were available and after very careful consideration of an operative
      plan.

PMID- 1081132
TI  - [Nystagmus induced by insertion of black ink into the stylomastoid foramen in
      rabbits (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081133
TI  - Chronic neutropenia: Response to plasma with high colony-stimulating activity.
AB  - A child with repeated infections was immunologically normal but was found to have
      neutropenia with periodic elevations of the absolute mature polymorphonuclear
      count at 21-day intervals. Immediately following the PMN rise, bone marrow
      morphology and in vitro cultures demonstrated a maturation arrest at the
      myelocyte stage with an increase in proliferative capacity. His cycle was not
      altered by infusions of normal plasma or by injections of epinephrine or typhoid
      vaccine. Infusion of 10 ml/kg of "stimulated" plasma from donors reactive to TV,
      obtained 60 minutes following immunization, resulted in an out-of-phase rise in
      PMN cells and clinical improvement. In vitro assays, using normal or patient
      marrow, detected high levels of colony-stimulating activity only in those plasma
      samples that were effective in the patient. These observations support a role of
      CSA as a physiologic regulator of granulopoiesis in man.

PMID- 1081134
TI  - Letter: Pneumocystis pneumonia in Vietnamese infants.

PMID- 1081135
TI  - Letter: Smooth muscle antibody in children with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

PMID- 1081136
TI  - Blood pressure and puberty.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to study the relation of blood pressure to
      sexual maturation in 229 boys and 189 girls, 10 to 14 years of age. The results
      showed that there was no significant correlation between the systolic and
      diastolic pressure with the level of serum follicle-stimulating hormone and
      luteinizing hormone in either sex. Nor was there a significant correlation with
      the stage of pubic hair development in the boys nor with the stage of breast
      development, menarche, and duration since menarche in the girls. Therefore the
      presence of hypertension during 10 to 14 years of age should not be regarded as a
      physiologic response to pubertal development, but rather as a suspicious finding
      which deserves careful follow-up examinations.

PMID- 1081137
TI  - Portal hypertension in children following neonatal umbilical disorders.
AB  - 10 children presented pre-hepatic portal vein obstruction during their first 6
      years of life. 8 of them had massive esophageal varices, 1 died from acute
      esophageal hemorrhage. The perinatal history of these childre was studied: All of
      them had an abnormal birth history and all had been hospitalized during their
      neonatal period. In 5 of them an umbilical infection had been diagnosed, one had
      an injection of THAM and one other an exchange transfusion through an umbilical
      vein catheter. Pre-hepatic portal vein occlusion in children is presumed to be
      mainly an acquired disease resulting from neonatal umbilical disorders.

PMID- 1081138
TI  - Mechanism of frequency-dependent inhibition of sodium currents in frog myelinated
      nerve by the lidocaine derivative GEA.
AB  - A new lidocaine derivative (Astra, GEA 968) depresses excitability of myelinated
      frog nerve in a manner which depends upon the rate of use of the nerve. This
      phenomenon has been shown, under voltage clamp conditions, to involve "frequency
      " or "use-dependent" inhibition of the transient inward sodium currents at the
      node of Ranvier. With 0.6 mM GEA 968 in the solution bathing the node, the inward
      sodium currents produced by 5-msec depolarizing pulses to -20 mV are reduced to
      40% of control values if the node is rested for a few hundred seconds prior to
      the test pulse. Repetitive opening of the sodium channels by depolarizing pulses
      enhances this inhibition, for example, currents are eventually reduced to 10 to
      20% of control with repetitive depolarization at 2 sec-1. If the preparation is
      then allowed to rest, this use-dependent increment in inhibition gradually
      declines with a time constant of about 10 seconds. Repetitive opening of the
      sodium channels by depolarizing pulses preceded by large hyperpolarizing
      prepulses reverses the inhibition caused by application of depolarizing pulses
      alone. It is hypothesized that the GEA 968 molecule binds to open sodium channels
      and, in doing so, simultaneously blocks the channel and shifts the curve relating
      sodium inactivation to membrane potential by 20 to 40 mV in the hyperpolarizing
      direction. Several kinds of evidence supporting this molecular hypothesis are
      presented. Lidocaine, procaine, procaine amide and a quaternary lidocaine
      derivative QX-314 also cause use-dependent depression of sodium currents in this
      preparation. This common mode of action of tertiary and quaternary anesthetics
      implies that the cationic form of tertiary anesthetics is active.

PMID- 1081139
TI  - Voltage dependence of agonist effectiveness at the frog neuromuscular junction:
      resolution of a paradox.
AB  - 1. End-plate currents produced by nerve-released acetylcholine and
      iontophoretically applied acetylcholine and carbachol have been recorded from
      voltage-clamped frog cutaneous pectoris neuromuscular junctions made visible with
      Nomarski differential interference contrast optics. 2. The effectiveness of
      agonists - that is, the end-plate conductance change produced by a given dose-has
      been determined as a function of post-junctional membrane potential. 3. As the
      post-junctional membrane potential is made more negative, nerve-released
      acetylcholine becomes less effective whereas iontophoretically-applied agonists
      become more effective. 4. This voltage dependence of agonist effectiveness is
      mediated neither by end-plate current iontophoresis of agonist into the cleft nor
      through electric field effects on the esterase. 5. Influences of membrane
      potential on the opening and closing of end-plate channel gates can account
      quantitatively for the voltage-dependent effectiveness of both nerve-released and
      iontophoretically applied agonist.

PMID- 1081140
TI  - Intracellular chloride activity in frog heart.
AB  - 1. Chloride liquid ion exchanger micro-electrodes have been used to measure
      intracellular chloride activity (aiCl) in isolated pieces of frog sinus venosus,
      atrium and ventricle. 2. aiCl was found to be 35-0 +/- 3-2, 17-3 +/- 0-8 and 17-6
      +/- 0-8 mM in sinus venosus, atrium and ventricle, respectively. 3. In atrium and
      ventricle aiCl is independent of whether the tissue is beating or non-beating. 4.
      In non-beating ventricle aiCl changes rapidly and reversibly when aOCl is reduced
      by replacing chloride with glucuronate. 5. ECl calculated from the measured aiCl
      has been compared with ECl calculated from the constant field equation assuming
      either constant chloride conductance or constant chloride permeability. 6. It is
      suggested that chloride is actively transported into the cells in all three kinds
      of frog heart tissue.

PMID- 1081142
TI  - Editorial: Specialty of rheumatology - manpower requirements.

PMID- 1081141
TI  - The effect of zinc ions on the gating of the delayed potassium conductance of
      frog sartorius muscle.
AB  - 1. A voltage-clamp method was used to examine the effects of zinc ions on the
      delayed potassium currents and also the slowly activating potassium currents that
      are turned on by depolarizing the membrane of frog sartorius muscle fibres. 2. In
      a control solution, the delayed potassium conductance had a maximum value of 17-8
      +/- 2-5 mmho.cm-2. The reversal potential for the currents was -76-9 +/- 2-5 mV.
      The membrane potential where ninfinity had the value 0-5 was -49 mV. 3. The major
      effect of zinc ions was to slow the delayed potassium currents. The value of taun
      was increased approximately tenfold in 0-1 mM zinc. Zinc does not alter the
      effective valency of the gating particles of the potassium channel, but the
      conductance was shifted to more positive membrane potentials: in 0-1 mM zinc, the
      membrane potential where ninfinity had the value 0-5 was -32 mV. 4. Zinc ions, at
      a concentration of 0-1 mM, also reduced the maximum potassium conductance by
      about 60% to 7-3 +/- 0-8 mmho, cm-2; they did not alter the reversal potential of
      the currents, which had a value in 0-1 mM zinc of -74-6 +/- 1-5 mV. 5. Zinc ions
      had little or no effect on the rate of inactivation of the potassium currents. 6.
      Zinc ions had little effect on the conductance attributable to the slowly
      activating potassium system. In 0-01 mM zinc this conductance had a value at 0 to
      +10 mV of 1-25 +/- 0-29 mmho.cm-2. Zinc did not alter the reversal potential of
      the slow potassium currents from the value of -85 +/- 1-6 mV in the absence of
      zinc and had no effect on the time course of the turn-off of these currents at 
      60 mV. 7. The delayed potassium currents obtained in 0-002 and 0-01 mM zinc could
      not be fitted exactly with a simple fourth order equation, but were well fitted
      by a model proposing that zinc ions slow the opening and closing of the gating
      mechanism to one tenth the normal rate when they bind to the gating molecule. If
      the binding sites are not saturated, those gating molecules that do not bind zinc
      are assumed to be quite unaltered in their properties, though the potential
      dependence of their rate constants alphan and betan was assumed to be shifted to
      more positive levels. In one fibre in 0-01 mM zinc, the model fitted the currents
      best if 50% of the gating molecules bound zinc.

PMID- 1081143
TI  - Circulating T and B lymphocytes in progressive systemic sclerosis.
AB  - Thymus derived (T) and bone-marrow derived (B) lymphocytes were quantitated in 11
      untreated patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and in 11 age and
      sex matched controls. T and B lymphocytes were identified according to their
      receptor sites for sheep red blood cells and activated complement, respectively.
      All patients had a normal lymphocyte count. The mean per cent value of
      circulating T lymphocytes was less in PSS patients (38 per cent) as compared with
      controls (56 per cent) (P less than 0.005), while no significant difference
      existed for the circulating B lymphocytes (PSS 14 per cent; controls 11 per
      cent). The mitogenic response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was assessed by
      comparing dose response curves in PSS with those obtained from matched controls.
      No significant difference could be detected between these groups.

PMID- 1081144
TI  - Massive intraperitoneal hemorrhage and intrahepatic arteriovenous fistula in
      hepatic cirrhosis.

PMID- 1081145
TI  - In vitro assays of cell-mediated immunity to human solid tumors: problems of
      quantitation, specificity, and interpretation.

PMID- 1081146
TI  - Considerations of some current concepts in cancer research.

PMID- 1081147
TI  - Hodgkin disease. Observations, controversy, and lessons.

PMID- 1081148
TI  - Fulminant serum hepatitis and meningococcic meningitis.

PMID- 1081149
TI  - Letter: A reply to Dr Spodick.

PMID- 1081151
TI  - [Diagnosis of brain neoplasms by pneumoencephalography and ventriculography].

PMID- 1081150
TI  - [Von Willebrand's disease. Studies on platelet function, ristocetin induced
      platelet aggregation and factor VIII related antigen (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081152
TI  - [Ultrastructual observations of dendritic cells in the repigmented area of
      vitiligo: electron microscopic studies on dopa oxidase in melanocytes which are
      present between the epidermal basal cells in the repigmented area of vitiligo
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081153
TI  - [Lymphocyte transformation by melanin antigens in vitiligo vulgaris and malignant
      melanoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081154
TI  - [Azathiopurine in treatment of atopic dermatitis and its influence to IgE level
      and various kinds of immunological tests (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081155
TI  - [An immunohistochemical study of IgE in the skin of patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081156
TI  - [A peculiar acantholytic dermatosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081157
TI  - [On the transfollicular absorption of salicylic acid (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081158
TI  - [Immunological study on pustulosis palmaris et plantaris (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081159
TI  - [Clinical and histopathological studies on spotted grouped pigmented nevi with
      special references to eccrine-centered nevus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081160
TI  - [Percutaneous absorption of isotope labelled antibiotics (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081161
TI  - [A case of inflammatory vitiligo associated with lupus erythematosus (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1081162
TI  - [Clinical experiences of emergency aorto-coronary bypass].

PMID- 1081163
TI  - A genetic-epidemiologic study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. I. Study
      design and preliminary observations.
AB  - Although certain environmental agents (e.g., cigarette smoking) are known to be
      causally related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), differential
      response to their deleterious effects suggests the importance of constitutional
      (host) factors. The voluminous literature on the familial occurrence of COPD as
      well as the association between genetically determined serum alpha 1-antitrypsin
      (alpha 1-at) deficiency and COPD, however, reveals many aspects yet to be
      clarified. Studies of alpha 1-at indicate that neither its nature nor its
      relationship to COPD is simple. Moreover, other familial factors are likely
      involved. To obtain a better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of
      COPD, both genetic and environmental factors are being examined in a multifaceted
      investigation. The preliminary observations are summarized. COPD patients have a
      higher frequency of Pi variant phenotypes than those without lung disease. Among
      other subjects, both cigarette smoking and Pi variant phenotypes are associated
      with increased pulmonary function abnormality. Finally, there is familial
      aggregation of pulmonary impairment that cannot be explained entirely by Pi type
      or smoking.

PMID- 1081164
TI  - Surface markers of human lymphocytes.
AB  - The large accumulation of data on serum immunoglobulins (Igs) has made it
      possible to delineate readily the special membrane Ig receptors that respond to
      antigenic stimulation. B type lymphocytes are characterized by the selective
      presence of IgM and IgD. IgG, the main serum Ig, is rarely found and its previous
      reported presence was due to secondary adsorption. IgM and IgD occur together on
      the same lymphocytes and show similar or identical variable regions and antigen
      combining sites. The membrane Igs are positioned on the lymphocyte surface with a
      cosiderable part of the C-terminal portion of the heavy chains buried in the
      membrane. In addition to numerous other lymphocyte membrane markers, recent
      interest has centered on the new histocompatibility surface antigen, HL-B, which
      appears related to immune response genes and is selectively represented on B
      cells. Through the use of this group of lymphocyte markers considerable
      information on the character of the malignant cells in various leukemias and
      lymphomas has been obtained. Chronic lymphatic leukemia is essentially a
      proliferation of B cells. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia falls into two groups, a
      minor type that represents a proliferation of T cells and a major type that
      appears to show an immature cell type of probable B cells lineage. Various
      immunodeficiency syndromes have been clarified considerably through lymphocyte
      analyses and certain defects have been determined.

PMID- 1081165
TI  - [Color discrimination in maculopathies and diseases of the optic nerve].

PMID- 1081166
TI  - [Complications of colonic diverticulosis].

PMID- 1081167
TI  - Pathogenesis of one variant of sea-blue histiocytosis.
AB  - Hematopoietic cells from three siblings of a family with sea-blue histiocytosis
      were studied using in vitro cell culture techniques, histochemistry, and electron
      microscopy. Sphingomyelinase activities in cultured fibroblasts derived from
      these patients averaged 18 per cent of control levels. Ultrastructural
      examination of the sea-blue histiocytes showed numerous acid phosphatase
      containing inclusions with closely packed, concentrically arranged, membrane-like
      lamellae with a periodicity of approximately 45 A. The inclusions are thought to
      result from the spatial orientation of complex lipid molecules and water. These
      structures are consistent with secondary lysosomes and are similar to those seen
      in some cases of adult Niemann-Pick disease and other cases of sea-blue
      histiocytosis. Extraction of lipid did not alter the blue-staining
      characteristics of the histiocytes. Sea-blue histiocytes were seen in liquid bone
      marrow cultures but did not proliferate, suggesting that the mature sea-blue
      macrophage is a terminal cell. We propose that partial sphingomyelinase
      deficiency may be one cause of sea-blud histiocytosis.

PMID- 1081168
TI  - Superior mesenteric artery occlusion in dogs: a model to produce the spectrum of
      intestinal ischemia.

PMID- 1081169
TI  - Long-term functional results of surgery for coronary artery disease in patients
      with poor ventricular function.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with coronary artery disease and an ejection fraction (EF)
      below 0.40 had coronary bypass and/or left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) resection.
      Twenty-four patients had a previous infarction, 12 had congestive heart failure
      (CHF), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure averaged 15 mm. Hg. Nineteen
      patients had three-vessel involvement and there was an  average of 2.4 vessels
      involved per patient. Bypass was accomplished on 87 per cent of vessels; 11
      patients had resection of LVA; 11 had coronary endarterectomy. There were no
      hospital deaths, 63 per cent of the patients were improved, and 56 per cent were
      able to return to work or full activity. There were five late deaths (16 per
      cent). There was good functional improvement in 83 per cent of the survivors,
      followed 1 to 4 years. We believe that patients with poor ventricular function
      due to severe coronary artery disease should not categorically be denied surgery,
      and that operation can be done with a low hospital mortality rate and good
      functional results.

PMID- 1081170
TI  - The superiority of aortic cross-clamping with profound local hypothermia for
      myocardial protection during aorta-coronary bypass grafting.
AB  - Two different operative techniques for aorta-coronary bypass grafting were
      utilized in two comparable groups of patients. In one group (155 patients) distal
      anastomoses were carried out with the aorta cross-clamped and myocardial
      protection provided by profound local hypothermia (clamped group). In a second
      group (149 patients) distal anastomoses were carried out with the aorta unclamped
      and the left ventricle fibrillating and vented (unclamped group). Mortality rates
      were similar in the two groups (0.6 per cent in clamped group versus 1.3 per cent
      in unclamped group). The incidence of perioperative infarction was 15 per cent in
      the unclamped group and 8 per cent in the clamped group (p less than 0.05).
      Postoperative serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and lactic
      dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were significantly higher for the first 4
      postoperative days in the unclamped group than in the clamped group. Hemodynamic
      studies in a subset of each group revealed no important differences in left
      ventricular function in the immediate postoperative period. The data demonstrate
      that in patients undergoing aorta coronary bypass grafting, performance of distal
      anastomoses with aortic cross-clamping and profound local hypothermia results in
      less intraoperative myocardial injury than performance of distal anastomoses in
      the perfused, fibrillating, and vented left ventricle.

PMID- 1081171
TI  - Recent progress in mycoplasma research.
AB  - Today, 12 years after the identification of Eaton agent as a mycoplasma, much new
      information on this infection has accumulated. Better methods have become
      available, which will be helpful in determining whether other mycoplasmas might
      be human pathogens, e.g., some ureaplasmas in nongonococcal urethritis.
      Experimental mycoplasma infections in birds and animals have revealed common
      features with immune complex diseases in man. They may serve, therefore, as
      useful models for human mycoplasma disease. However, the most important finding
      in recent mycoplasma research has been the isolation of mycoplasma viruses.
      Viruses belonging to three different groups have been discovered. It will be
      interesting to study whether the virus determines the pathogenicity of
      mycoplasmas or not.

PMID- 1081172
TI  - Influence of anticonvulsant cannabinoids on posttetanic potentiation at isolated
      bullfrog ganglia.

PMID- 1081173
TI  - [Comparative studies on the volume frequency distribution of functionally
      impaired thrombocytes with special reference to uremic thrombocytopathy].

PMID- 1081174
TI  - [Platelet function test and diagnosis of van Willebrand syndrome--methodic
      studies on the retention test].

PMID- 1081175
TI  - [The significance of complement in the diagnosis and clinical picture of
      immunohemolytic anemias].

PMID- 1081176
TI  - [The sources of acute hemorrhage in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The
      significance of emergency endoscopy].

PMID- 1081177
TI  - [Acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients of an internal intensive care
      unit].

PMID- 1081179
TI  - [Letter: Therapy of phrenic nerve paresis].

PMID- 1081178
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic problems of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
      Clinical experience].

PMID- 1081180
TI  - Editorial: 'This time pain has us really stimulated!'.

PMID- 1081181
TI  - A quantitative approach to evaluating the effect of stimulating devices on the
      perception of noxious stimuli.
AB  - A new type of dolorimeter has been used in determining the nature of the
      mechanism responsible for the analgesic effect produced by electrostimulating
      devices. A study in normal subjects, yielding quantitative data on this analgesic
      effect, is reported.

PMID- 1081182
TI  - Neurostimulation of the celiac plexus.
AB  - Effective relief of abdominal pain lasting from 2 hours to 25 days was achieved
      in eight patients by neurostimulation of the celiac plexus. The procedure is
      judged to be superior to the nerve block.

PMID- 1081183
TI  - The viability of external electrical stimulation as a therapeutic modality.
AB  - This study indicates that external electrical stimulation is a valuable tool for
      control of acute pain in about 80 percent of patients but, for significant relief
      of pain, in only about 25 percent of patients with chronic pain. The author
      recognizes that in order to increase its use, a system for delivery of this
      therapy under a doctor's prescription, rather than having to teach each
      individual practitioner the technique for using the device, must be developed. In
      chronic-pain patients when external electrical stimulation is inadequate, a more
      aggressive and comprehensive program of operant conditioning, progressive
      physical exercise, drug withdrawal, autogenic training, and biofeedback is
      advised.

PMID- 1081184
TI  - Innovations in neurologic implant systems.
AB  - Physiologic findings and clinical observations with several new implant systems
      are discussed. One system studied is designed with electrodes implanted over the
      anterior region of the spinal cord. Another system is designed with an anterior
      posterior spinal cord electrode passing current across the spinal cord. Also
      given are observation and description of cortical and cerebellar implant systems.
      Current-density plots of the electrode arrays are included.

PMID- 1081185
TI  - Experiences with electrical stimulation devices for the control of chronic pain.
AB  - The results of a study involving the treatment of pain syndromes by electrical
      stimulation in 98 patients are reported. Advantages and disadvantages of three
      electrostimulation techniques--transcutaneous stimulation, peripheral nerve
      stimulation, and dorsal cord stimulation--are discussed. Also included is a brief
      discussion of the possible mechanism of suppression of pain stimuli.

PMID- 1081186
TI  - Implanted devices for electronic augmentation of nervous system function.
AB  - Electrical stimulation of the dorsal cord is discussed as a mode of therapy for
      intractable pain, and placed into its proper perspective as a part of a
      comprehensive rehabilitation program. The author reviews his experience with
      electrical stimulation and emphasizes features of the patient-selection process.

PMID- 1081187
TI  - Electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves for relief of intractable chronic
      pain.
AB  - Electrostimulation of peripheral nerves was used in patients to relieve chronic
      pain due to nerve injury. After follow-up for periods of 6 to 48 months, most of
      the patients exhibited some degree of pain alleviation. This paper details the
      circumstances of some of the cases and cites precautions to be taken in the use
      of this therapeutic mode.

PMID- 1081188
TI  - AAMI biomedical standards available.

PMID- 1081189
TI  - Immunochemistry of a reproductive antigen involved in sterility and fertility.

PMID- 1081190
TI  - Amylophagia during pregnancy: some maternal and perinatal correlations.

PMID- 1081191
TI  - Production of disseminated intravascular coagulation in monkeys by injection of
      cell-free extracts of placenta.

PMID- 1081192
TI  - Modern use of the laminaria tent.

PMID- 1081193
TI  - Humane abortion services: a revolution in human rights and the delivery of a
      medical service.

PMID- 1081194
TI  - Therapeutic listening: an adolescent guidance program in motivation for
      contraception.

PMID- 1081195
TI  - The need for comprehensive programs for school-age parents.

PMID- 1081196
TI  - Psychosocial aspects of abortion in the United States.

PMID- 1081197
TI  - The impact of voluntary abortion on American obstetrics and gynecology.

PMID- 1081198
TI  - Infant mortality in Sweden--implications for the United States.

PMID- 1081199
TI  - Current concepts: gastrointestinal endoscopy.

PMID- 1081200
TI  - Editorial: Coronary surgery: when, where and for whom?

PMID- 1081201
TI  - Thymus-like lymph node in nude mice.

PMID- 1081202
TI  - Simultaneous changes in fluorescence and optical retardation in single muscle
      fibres during activity.

PMID- 1081203
TI  - Effects of furosemide on sodium content and transport pool in frog skin (Rana
      esculenta): comparison with vasopressin and ouabain.
AB  - The effects of ouabain, vasopressin, and furosemide on intracellular
      concentrations of total sodium([Na]) and potassium [K]), on exchangeable sodium
      ([Na]) and the sodium transport pool ([Nap]) were investigated in isolated short
      circuited skins of rana esculenta. Furosemide was added to the epithelial bathing
      solution, vasopressin and ouabain to the corial bathing solution. Results were
      compared with the amount of net sodium transport measured by short circuit
      current (scc). Ouabain reduces scc and increases [Na] and [Na]; [K] is decreased.
      The administration of vasopressin leads to a sharp increase of scc, combined with
      an enhancement of of [Na] and [Na]; [K] shows no significant change. [Nap] is
      significantly increased, too, and approximately to the same amount as [Na].
      Furosemide causes an increase of scc, whereas a significant change of [Na], [Na]
      and [K] could not be detected. On the other hand, [Nap] was enhanced
      significantly. The results support the hypothesis that furosemide like
      vasopressin is acting by increasing the entry of sodium into the transport
      compartment of the active cell layer. The result is an increased transfer of
      sodium across the skin.

PMID- 1081204
TI  - Air filling of the subarachnoid space over the cerebral convexities at repeat
      encephalography.
AB  - In order to check the constancy of convexity block, the airencephalograms (AEG)
      of seventeen patients who had undergone two separate examinations were
      reexamined. A satisfactory filling by air of the basal cisterns or Sylvian
      fissures was a prerequisite for including the AEG in this series. Consistent
      results related to air filling of the parietal region were obtained at the two
      examinations except in one patient with clinical signs of a pontine neoplasm.
      When the AEG was repeated in a very short time and with unchanged clinical
      conditions, the degree of air filling over the convexity was practically
      identical. But, with progressive neurological signs, the parietal air blocks
      showed a slight increase and also extended to the frontal region. It was
      concluded, firstly, that upper convexity block is a reproducible finding;
      secondly, that it is related to organic brain disease, the extent of the
      convexity block being correlated to the degree of clinical deterioration. As
      judged from other studies using isotope cisternography, the subarachnoid space is
      usually not complelely obstructed. It is suggested that the organically changed
      brain and leptomeninges create special physical conditions for the appearance of
      convexity air block in the AEG.

PMID- 1081205
TI  - Experience with Dimer-X 1-ventriculography.
AB  - Positive contrast ventriculography was carried out in 72 cases, using the water
      soluble contrast medium Dimer-X. The examinations were performed 1--3 days after
      ventricular drainage had been carried out to relieve raised intracranila
      pressure. After injection of 2--7.5 ml. of the medium into the non-anaesthetised
      patients -- including 37 children and juveniles -- the ventriculographs were
      taken under visual control using Mimer III. This method is simple and can be
      rapidly carried out. Radiographs taken in two planes, supplement by tomography if
      required, are sufficient for an accurate diagnosis. During the examination only
      two children suffered from vomiting, while another patient sustained a
      generalised convulsion because the contrast agent came into contact with the
      surface of the brain.

PMID- 1081206
TI  - [Hiatal hernia during a course of indirect anticoagulant treatment].
AB  - A personal case of haematemesis in a patient subjected to indirect management
      with anticoagulants is reported. The prothrombin values were not within the
      danger limits. Some concise notes on the points raised by this finding are
      presented and essential features of the diagnosis and treatment are discussed.

PMID- 1081207
TI  - Prevalence of coronary heart disease in samples of New Zealand Maoris and
      Pakehas.
AB  - This paper reports the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its
      relationship with several standard risk factors in samples of New Zealand Maoris
      and Pakehas. The age standardised prevalence rates of CHD are: 16.1 percent, and
      7.3 percent in Maori females and males respectively, and 11.5 percent and 6.5
      percent in Pakeha females and males respectively. In Maori females only serum
      uric acid is associated with an increasing prevalence of CHD. The high prevalence
      of CHD in females as compared with the higher national mortality rates for males
      suggests that the case fatality rates for CHD are higher in males. The lack of
      association between CHD and the risk factors in Maori females suggests the
      possibility of two syndromes of CHD in Maori females.

PMID- 1081208
TI  - Acute pancreatitis ten years experience in the Waikato district.
AB  - Seventy patients admitted to Waikato Hospital between 1964-74 with acute
      pancreatitis have been reviewed. Biliary tract disease and alcohol are the most
      common aetiological agents. The disease is most common in middle age. Europeans
      and Polynesians have similar incidence rates. The diagnosis is frequently not
      made at admission and most admissions are in the afternoon or early evening.
      Radiology is helpful in the diagnosis although nonspecific. Abnormal biochemistry
      is discussed and related to mortality. Additional tests, serum
      catalase/methaemalbumin are promoted to assist in the diagnosis and indicating
      the severity of the disease. Glucagon and Trasylol are discussed as being
      beneficial in this disease and combination therapy is suggested. The role of
      surgery is discussed.

PMID- 1081209
TI  - Four channel electronystagmographic (ENG) studies of eye movements induced by
      linear accelerations.
AB  - A parallel-swing ENG study in rabbits led to two investigative conclusions: (a)
      for experimental purposes the parallel swing test must be performed with
      monocular, both horizontal and vertical leads, and (b) such studies must be
      performed in a darkened room. Following surgical bilateral "immobilization" of
      the cupulae of the horizontal semicircular canals, horizontal nystagmus induced
      in the parallel-swing test is probably generated by the otolithic system.

PMID- 1081210
TI  - The circular eye-tracking test. I. Simultaneous recording of the horizontal and
      vertical component of eye movement in the eye-tracking test.
AB  - Almost all of the conventional clinical reports on the eye-tracking test are made
      on the horizontal component of the smooth pursuit function of oculomotor system;
      few are made on the vertical component. One reason is that during the
      conventional vertical eye-tracking test the artifacts caused by movement of the
      upper eyelids often make it difficult to analyze the data. To overcome this
      problem the authors have developed a method to record simultaneously the
      horizontal and vertical components of eye movement in the eye-tracking test, and
      moreover, to reduce artifacts as much as possible. Our method, the circular eye
      tracking test, is performed by means of an apparatus that provides a visual
      stimulus drawing a circle clockwise, at a rate of 120 degrees/sec, with a radius
      of 25.5 cm, and viewed at a distance of 70 cm.

PMID- 1081211
TI  - [Pancreatic pseudocyst, perforated into the colon, causing massive
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1081212
TI  - [Effect of neuroleptoanalgesia II on acute symptoms of peripheral damage of the
      organ of equilibrium].

PMID- 1081213
TI  - [Coexistence of congenital and vestibular nystagmus].

PMID- 1081214
TI  - [Increase in the immune response in old mice with immunologic insufficiency].

PMID- 1081215
TI  - [B- and T-lymphocytes in children].

PMID- 1081216
TI  - Conductance fluctuations in Ranvier nodes.
AB  - Voltage fluctuations associated with the sodium system were measured upon
      elimination of the potassium current in the nodal membrane by internal
      application of cesium-ions. The intensity of this noise reaches a maximal value
      at a membrane potential in the vicinity of --40 mV. Here the power spectrum
      consists of two additive components: a 1/f component and a Lorentzian. The
      Lorentzian is associated with h-gate kinetics and is consistent with the binary
      state conduction model. On the basis of this model the sodium-channel conductance
      is calculated to be 2 to 5-10(-12) S. The analysis is complicated by the
      existence of an incomplete slow sodium inactivation process.

PMID- 1081217
TI  - Deviating flux ratios for Na+ in ouabain-treated frog skin.
AB  - Unidirectional Na+ fluxes across ouabain-treated frog skins were measured at
      different applied voltages. The calculated influx/efflux ratios appear to deviate
      markedly from Ussing's flux-ratio equation. This means that interactions of Na+
      ions with some component in the system occur. Possible mechanisms, responsible
      for this phenomenon, are indicated.

PMID- 1081218
TI  - A study of desensitization using voltage clamp.
AB  - The onset and offset of desensitization produced by carbachol and hexyl and
      heptyl TMA at voltage-clamped frog endplates were studied. Desensitization onsets
      exponentially with a rate constant which is proportional to the agonist
      concentration. The proportionality constant varies with the agonist used. The
      plateau current finally attained falls steeply to low values with increasing
      agonist concentration, and with further increase in concentration varies
      relatively little. The offset of desensitization is sometimes accompanied by the
      appearance of a second transient increase in current. It is proposed that
      desensitization is due to channel blockade by the agonist molecule itself.

PMID- 1081219
TI  - The mechanisms of antitrypsin deficiency and their role in the pathogenesis of
      pulmonary emphysema.

PMID- 1081220
TI  - [Pathogenetic significance of alpha 1 antitrypsin in chronic-obstructive
      respiratory tract diseases].

PMID- 1081221
TI  - [Alpha-1-antitrypsin in the serum of patients with burns].

PMID- 1081222
TI  - [Benign neoplasms of the stomach].

PMID- 1081223
TI  - The painful shoulder.

PMID- 1081224
TI  - Isolation and characterization of alpha-1-antitrypsin from the Cohn fraction IV-I
      of human plasma.

PMID- 1081225
TI  - Correlates of hypertension among young men.

PMID- 1081226
TI  - [Study with the aid of radioactive isotopes (Fe59 and Cr51) of the intensity of
      erythropoiesis, erythrocyte survival and latent gastrointestinal hemorrhages in
      patients with lymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 1081227
TI  - 1-Pyrene-butyrylcholine: a fluorescent probe for the cholinergic system.
AB  - The action of 1-pyrene-butyrylcholine, a new cholinergic fluorescent probe, has
      been studied at the cellular level using electrophysiological and fluorescence
      techniques. The spectroscopic properties of the probe were found to be similar to
      those pf pyrene-butyric acid, the excited-state lifetime in air-saturated aqueous
      solutions being 92 nsec. At micromolar concentrations the probe was found to
      exert a nondepolarizing, reversible blocking action at the neuromuscular junction
      of the frog. The same cholinolytic effect was observed in hypersensitive
      denervated muscles. The synaptic localization of the probe could be observed with
      fluorescence microscopy using sub- and micromolar concentrations. Treatment of
      the nerve-muscle preparations with proteolytic enzymes, resulting in the
      separation of the nerve ending from the muscle end-plate, enabled a distinction
      to be made between the fluorescence arising from these two parts of the synapse.
      Intense presynaptic fluorescence was observed, and was not altered by micromolar
      concentrations of alpha-bungarotoxin, d-tubocurarine, hemicholinium, or
      cholinesterase inhibitors. Faint reversible staining of the end-plate region was
      observed in enzymically treated muscles and was inhibited by prior treatment with
      alpha-bungarotoxin. Fluorescent alpha-toxin revealed similar patterns of
      fluorescence in the end-plate of enzyme-treated muscles. The postsynaptic
      localization of the fluorescent probe is therefore tentatively identified as the
      one producing the cholinolytic effect upon binding to acetylcholine receptor
      sites.

PMID- 1081228
TI  - Binding of autologous erythrocytes to immature T-cells.
AB  - A small percentage of normal mouse thymus and spleen lymphocytes form rosettes
      with autologous erythrocytes. The number of these autologous rosettes increases
      15- to 20-fold after adult thymectomy and to a lesser degree with aging.
      Autologous rosette level is also abnormally high in nude (congenitally athymic)
      mice. The high level of autologous rosette-forming cells found after adult
      thymectomy is normalized by injecting ng amounts of purified circulating thymic
      factor. Autologous rosette-forming cells adhere to nylon, belong to the less
      dense spleen cells, are in majority steroid-resistant in the thymus. All these
      properties suggest that autologous rosette-forming cells might belong to immature
      T-cell (thymic-dependent cell) precursors.

PMID- 1081229
TI  - Idiotype positive T cells visualized by autoradiography and electron microscopy.
AB  - Anti-idiotypic antibodies were prepared in (CBA X C57BL/6)F1 hybrid mice by
      immunization either with CBA anti-C57BL/6 alloantiserum or with purified CBA
      thymus-processed lymphoid cells (T cells) Iodinated anti-mouse Ig or triple
      sandwich ferritin-labeling techniques served to visualize the reaction between
      idiotype and anti-idiotype. From 5 to 10% of purified CBA T cells appeared to
      carry receptors for C57BL/6 antigens. Heavily labeled cells had the morphology of
      small lymphocytes.

PMID- 1081230
TI  - Acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular synapses: phylogenetic differences
      detected by snake alpha-neurotoxins.
AB  - Phylogenetic differences in acetylcholine receptors from skeletal neuromuscular
      synapses of various species of snakes and lizards have been investigated, using
      the snake venom alpha-neurotoxins alpha-atratoxin (cobrotoxin) and alpha
      bungarotoxin. The acetylcholine receptors of the phylogenetically primitive
      lizards, like those from all other vertebrates previously tested, are blocked by
      these alpha-neurotoxins. In contrast, receptors from snakes and advanced lizards
      are insensitive to one or both of the toxins. It is suggested that toxin
      resistant acetylcholine receptors appeared early in the evolution of Squamata and
      preceded the appearance of alpha-neurotoxins.

PMID- 1081231
TI  - Primary acceptor in bacterial photosynthesis: obligatory role of ubiquinone in
      photoactive reaction centers of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides.
AB  - Reaction centers were found to bind two ubiquinones, both of which could be
      removed by o-phenanthroline and the detergent lauryldimethylamine oxide. One
      ubiquinone was more easily removed  than the other. The low-temperature light
      induced optical and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) changes were eliminated
      and restored upon removal and readdition of ubiquinone and were quantitatively
      correlated with the amount of tightly bound ubiquinone. We, therefore, conclude
      that this ubiquinone plays an obligatory role in the primary photochemistry. The
      easily removed ubiquinone is thought to be the secondary electron acceptor. The
      low-temperature charge recombination kinetics, as well as the optical and EPR
      spectra, were the same for untreated reaction centers and for those reconstituted
      with ubiquinone. This indicates that extraction and reconstitution were
      accomplished without altering the conformation of the active site. Reaction
      centers reconstituted with other quinones also showed restored photochemical
      activity, although they exhibited changes in their low-temperature recombination
      kinetics and light-induced (g = 1.8) EPR signal is interpreted in terms of a
      magnetically coupled ubiquinone--Fe2+ acceptor complex. A possible role of iron
      is to facilitate electron transfer between the primary and secondary ubiquinones.

PMID- 1081232
TI  - Electronic activation of the spincters in the treatment of rectal prolapse.

PMID- 1081233
TI  - Isolation and identification of alpha1-antitrypsin as a component of normal and
      malignant human breast and other tissues.
AB  - Alpha1-Antitrypsin has been detected using radial immunodiffusion in the 90,000g
      supernatant fraction of malignant and adjacent normal human breast, colon, and
      anal tissue, as well as malignant lung, stomach, and ileum. Immobilized
      chymotrypsin, bound to Sepharose or Affi-Gel 10 has been utilized to separate 11
      peaks of antiproteolytic activity by affinity chromatography of normal and
      malignant human breast tissue extracts. Glycoproteins are associated with eight
      of the peaks. Peak 1 contains predominantly alpha1-antitrypsin in addition to a
      minor component. The purification of the inhibitors, as judged by disc gel
      electrophoresis, is extensive. In some peaks, only one or two protein bands are
      observed, suggesting that affinity chromatography on Sepharose- or Affi-Gel 10
      chymotrypsin might be used for the isolation of alpha1-antitrypsin and other
      inhibitors in preparative amounts.

PMID- 1081234
TI  - A simple rapid method for the quantitative separation of the extracellular fluid
      in frog muslces.

PMID- 1081235
TI  - Length-dependent optical diffraction pattern changes in frog sartorius muscle.
AB  - The length dependence of the laser light diffraction pattern produced by R.
      pipiens whole sartorius muscle has been examined at rest and during tetanic
      contraction. The muscle diffraction pattern was scanned by a vidicon camera;
      camera output was digitized and processed by an on-line digital computer to allow
      a real line display of a section through the diffraction pattern. Analysis of the
      first order diffraction line profiles yielded values for line amplitude,
      intensity, center of gravity, line width and percent dispersion. The calculated
      dispersion provided a measure of the muscle's sarcomere length distribution.
      First order line amplitudes and intensities were observed to increase, then
      decrease, with progressive stretch from 1.0 to 1.3 reference length. The percent
      dispersion among sarcomeres in resting muscle averaged 11% and was approximately
      proportional (coefficient = .0341) to length. The amplitude and intensity of zero
      and first order diffraction lines decreased during tetanus, while the line widths
      and dispersions increased. First order line intesity during tetanus was maximum
      at about the same length as during rest, i.e., at approximately 2.5 mu sarcomere
      length. Sarcomere dispersion increased by about 6% during tetanus.

PMID- 1081236
TI  - [Change in the corticotropin releasing activity of the rat hypothalamus at long
      intervals following irradiation].

PMID- 1081237
TI  - Long-term prognosis of idiopathic gastric erosions.
AB  - The long-term prognosis of multiple gastric erosions (erosive gastritis) is
      analyzed in 58 cases observed over 10-17 years, showing the disease to recur
      through decades. Idiopathic erosions occur mainly in the antrum and can be
      visualized roentgenologically, whereas "stress" erosions are in the body of the
      stomach and may only be diagnosed endoscopically.

PMID- 1081238
TI  - The effect of barium on blood in the gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - The effect of various commercial barium sulfate preparations on blood
      coagulation, flocculation, and hemolysis was studied. There was considerable
      variation not only among different barium products but also among different
      concentrations of the same product. There is no good experimental evidence that
      barium enemas do stop bleeding. It is probably best to avoid the use of any enema
      in attempting to control major colonic bleeding; but if an enema is given for
      this purpose, a tap-water enema is better, as it contains no anticoagulants and
      is more effective in producing clot formation than most barium suspensions.

PMID- 1081239
TI  - Hemorrhage from the gastroesophageal junction. A cryptic angiographic diagnosis.
AB  - The angiographic localization of gastroesophageal-junction hemorrage emanating
      from the left inferior phrenic artery (which originated from the abdominal aorta)
      is described. The diagnosis was established after conventional selective celiac
      and left gastric arteriography failed to demonstrate extravasation. The
      arteriographic evaluation of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage requires
      consideration of the variable arterial distribution to the gastroesophageal
      junction and an awareness of the variable causes of dense opacification
      (including superimposed adrenal glands) that may mimic extravasation.

PMID- 1081240
TI  - Radiological visualization of the vestibular aqueduct. Technique and
      morphological features.
AB  - Thin-section tomography in the lateral and off-lateral projections permits
      radiographic visualization of the vestibular aqueduct, which is seen as an
      inverted J. The proximal curved portion has a constant configuration, while the
      distal straight portion varies according to the width of the external aperture
      and may be tubular, funnel-shaped, or filiform. Nonvisualization of the curved
      portion does not necessarily mean that it is not present.

PMID- 1081241
TI  - Electrohydrolytic fragmentation of retained common duct stones.
AB  - The fragmentation of biliary tract stones by the electrohydrolytic principle in
      vivo is presented. Included is a description of the apparatus.

PMID- 1081243
TI  - [Editorial: Growth of the number of physicians and population in Brazil].

PMID- 1081242
TI  - Surgical treatment of coronary artery disease: pure graft operations, with a
      study of 741 patients followed 3--7 yr.
AB  - This report reviews the experience with bypass graft surgery in the pure form,
      without associated cardiac procedures, in 6828 patients operated upon from 1967
      through 1974. The hospital mortality rate in this group was 1.4%. The incidence
      of definite perioperative myocardial infarction was 6.9% prior to 1971, and 4.1%
      in the past 3 yr. Graft patency in postoperative studies performed an average of
      over 12 mo after surgery was 83.6%, and 89% of patients had one or more
      functioning grafts. In a subgroup of 741 consecutive patients operated upon with
      pure graft techniques from 1967 through 1970, survival seemed to be improved when
      compared to another group of similar, but nonoperated patients. The average
      annual mortality rate was 3.3% per yr in the surgical group (including surgical
      mortality) compared to 8.8% per year in the medical group. Differences in
      survival were most striking in patients with isolated anterior descending, double
      and triple vessel involvement. In the 741-patient subgroup the incidence of new
      occlusions of grafted arteries was related to the severity of the lesion(s) for
      which the operation was performed, and unrelated to graft patency.
      Arteriographically demonstrated new occlusions of ungrafted arteries were
      infrequent, and few patients developed significant new lesions during the period
      of observation. Symptomatic improvement is related to completeness of
      revascularization as determined by postoperative arteriography.

PMID- 1081244
TI  - [Blood coagulation changes in meningococcal diseases].

PMID- 1081245
TI  - [Use of the Tine Test in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection].

PMID- 1081246
TI  - [Resection of chondrosarcoma of the sternum with restoration of the thoracic
      wall. Report of a case].

PMID- 1081248
TI  - [Facts and problems concerning postgraduate education in the medical field].

PMID- 1081247
TI  - [Etiopathogenic and clinical aspects of chronic pancreatitis in Sao Paulo. Report
      of 80 cases].

PMID- 1081249
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1081250
TI  - [Antinuclear factors and their relations with various rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1081251
TI  - [Experience with azapropazone in rheumatology].

PMID- 1081252
TI  - [Lymphocytes of perypheral blood in P.R. under treatment with penicillamine D].

PMID- 1081253
TI  - Effects of antiarrhythmic drugs on cardiac membrane conductances; a study using
      the Hodgkin and Huxley mathematical model.
AB  - A study in voltage clamp conditions of the modifications of the cardiac membrane
      conductances by quinidine sulfate has been carried out on frog atrial fibers by
      means of the double sucrose gap technique. The computation of the parameters
      related to the conductances has been done according to the Hodgkin and Huxley
      mathematical model proposed in 1952. The computed conductances concern the sodium
      conductance, the calcium conductance, and the total delayed conductance. A
      decrease of all of the studied conductances is observed in the presence of
      quinidine sulfate. This drug also mainly induced a slowing down of several
      activation, inactivation, and reactivation kinetics. The results obtained allow a
      more detailed explanation of the mechanism of action of quinidine sulfate in the
      membrane. Although quinidine is known to possess antiarrhythmic properties, the
      exact mechanisms of its action are not clear. The present study was therefore
      undertaken to provide some information on this point.

PMID- 1081254
TI  - Effects of ouabain on sodium uptake by frog heart and skeletal muscle.
AB  - Effects of ouabain (10(-3)-10(-12) M) on frog heart and skeletal muscle net
      uptake of Na from a K-free Conway-Ringer solution at 0-2 degrees C were
      investigated. Under these circumstances Na pumps are inactive and fibers are
      gaining Na even without ouabain. Changes in K, H2O, and solids were also
      measured. Na gains and K losses were increased by ouabain at greater than 10(-6)
      and greater than 10(-7) M, respectively, and decreased in heart muscle at less
      than or equal to 10(-8) M. It is suggested that these effects are due to actions
      on membrane permeability. Implications for mechanisms of positive inotropic
      effect of glycosides and for treatment are discussed.

PMID- 1081255
TI  - The action of ethanol upon the action potential and contraction of ventricular
      muscle.
AB  - Isolated isometric ventricular muscle of frogs and cats was studied. Perfusing
      solutions were played directly on the muscle to permit rapid exchange of the
      extracellular space. Developed force and maximal rate of rise of force were
      measured in all studies and action potentials (AP) were recorded in some. For
      both species low concentrations of ethanol (75 degrees  mg/l) potentiate
      contraction. Higher concentrations ( greater than or equal to 750 mg/l) depress
      contraction progressively with increasing concentration. Concentrations which
      depress contraction, e.g., 3-4.5 gm/l, usually shorten AP duration. The
      shortening of AP duration can occur even though contractile force does not fall
      and, conversely, force may fall while AP duration is unaffected. When 10 mM
      caffeine is added to the perfusate of either species, AP duration is prolonged
      and contraction is potentiated. If both ethanol (4.5 gm/l) and 10 mM caffeine are
      added simultaneously to the perfusate, there is a rapid (within 4 beats) increase
      in AP duration and an initial depression of contraction, followed by a further
      increase in AP duration and a significant potentiation of contraction. The steady
      state contraction is less than with caffeine alone. These preliminary studies
      suggest that ethanol may depress contraction both by shortening AP duration and
      by a direct effect upon the contractile apparatus.

PMID- 1081256
TI  - Optical studies on contractile structures during activity.
AB  - The optical properties of myocardial fibers and skeletal fibers were compared at
      rest and during activity. Scattering by myocardial trabeculae is more important
      than by skeletal fibers but birefringence of myocardial trabeculae is less
      important than that of skeletal fibers. The absorbance curves of both isolated
      myocardial trabeculae and skeletal fibers in vivo reflect their main components;
      during contraction the absorbance increases mainly at 285 nm and this increase
      starts earlier than contraction recorded with a mechanotransducer. An absorbance
      change in the spectral range of 420-440 nm is also reported which could represent
      very early biochemical change in the contractile fibers. The technique used,
      combined with electrophysiological data, allows one to study different problems
      related to the biophysics and biochemistry of contraction.

PMID- 1081257
TI  - [Enzyme studies in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1081258
TI  - [Electroencephalographic study of levels of activation with megimide in mental
      disorders].

PMID- 1081259
TI  - [Hallucinatory epilepsy in a complex encephalopathic syndrome].

PMID- 1081260
TI  - [Methods of research and some aspects of morbidity and hospital outpatient clinic
      treatment of mental disorders. III. Results of the use of outpatient clinic
      methods in mental disorders in the years 1966-1970].

PMID- 1081261
TI  - [Relations between anesthetic substances, convulsions and mental disorders].

PMID- 1081262
TI  - [Painful ophthalmoplegia, the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome].

PMID- 1081263
TI  - [Epidemiology of cerebral vascular diseases in correlation with meterological
      factors in the Gorj district].

PMID- 1081264
TI  - [Developmental characteristics of some temporal intracranial expansive
      processes].

PMID- 1081265
TI  - [Oligophrenia with microcephaly].

PMID- 1081266
TI  - [Attempted neurochemical interpretation of natural behavior and behavior modified
      by neuroleptics].

PMID- 1081267
TI  - [Oral contraceptives, a new risk factor in the production of cerebral arterial
      occlusive diseases in women].

PMID- 1081268
TI  - [Symptomatic manic syndromes].

PMID- 1081269
TI  - [Problem of focal infection. Cardiopathies, other systemic manifestations; the
      role of the dentist].

PMID- 1081270
TI  - [Analysis of the results of studies on tuberculosis infection and the 1st program
      of intradermal BCG vaccination of school children of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1971
      1974].

PMID- 1081271
TI  - The influence of calcium and calcium + vitamin D2 treatment on bone mineral after
      partial gastrectomy.
AB  - Sixty-three men and 23 women who had undergone partial gastrectomy for ulcer
      disease were randomized into three groups to study the effect of calcium (2 g per
      day) and calcium + vitamin D2 (1000 IU calciferol per day) treatment for eight
      months on bone mineral. The Americium-241 gamma ray attenuation method was used
      to measure the changes in bone mineral density. Calcium and calcium + vitamin D2
      increased the bone mineral density statistically significantly in the males, but
      not in females. Partial gastrectomy causes bone rarefaction, and consequently
      these patients reach the risk level of bone mineral density for osteoporotic
      fractures earlier than healthy subjects. The conclusion drawn was that
      prophylactic treatment is needed after partial gastrectomy. Further study is
      required, especially of women, to find the most suitable form of treatment for
      disturbances in bone mineral metabolism after gastric resection.

PMID- 1081272
TI  - Influence of prednisone and cytostatics on human blood B-, T- and O-lymphocytes
      in diseases.
AB  - B-, T- and  O-lymphocytes detected as EAC-, E- and non-rosette forming
      lymphocytes were investigated in venous blood in 49 patients with connective
      tissue diseases, psoriasis and chronic lymphogenous leukaemia (CLL) during
      treatment with either prednisone alone, prednisone and cytostatic agents or
      cytostatic agents alone. Prednisone alone did not change the B-, T- and O
      lymphocyte counts. Cytostatics alone or in combination with prednisone reduced
      the B- and T-lymphocyte counts concomitant with a significant increase in the O
      lymphocyte count. The findings could be explained by assuming that cytostatics
      disturb the immunological functions of the lymphocytes and finally deprive the
      cells of their B- and T-markers. The optimal immunosuppressive treatment with
      cytostatic agents may be associated with a certain reduction of B- and T
      lymphocytes which may be used as a guideline for dosage.

PMID- 1081273
TI  - A study of proteolysis as a possible mechanism for T-cell-mediated target cell
      lysis.
AB  - The hypothesis that proteolysis is implicated in T-cell-mediated target cell
      lysis was tested in two ways: first, various inhibitors of protease activity were
      used either during or before the cytotoxicity test. Ovomucoid, TPCK, and PMSF
      proved to be not or only marginally inhibitory, whereas the considerable
      inhibitory action of TLCK was shown to most likely be a toxic effect of the
      inhibitor. Second, radioactive substrates for cathepsin activity were used,
      either free in the medium or fixed on the surface of the target cells, to detect
      a possible breakdown of these substrates by a release of intracellular cathepsins
      during the cytotoxicity test. Very little dialysable breakdown products were
      formed, and there was no difference between their amount in either a homologus or
      a heterologous system. It is concluded that proteolysis probably is not the
      mechanism by which target cells are killed. Alternative mechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 1081274
TI  - Six and one-half month old infant with fever and irritability.

PMID- 1081275
TI  - Thymus: central role in the immune system of the frog.
AB  - In the leopard frog (Rana pipiens), the thymus profoundly influences immunologic
      development by providing virtually all the progenitor lymphocytic cells for the
      bone marrow and other peripheral lymphoid organs. The thymus houses a self
      perpetuating population of lymphopoietic cells that originally self
      differentiated in that gland.

PMID- 1081276
TI  - [Electroimpulse therapy of chronic prostatitis].

PMID- 1081277
TI  - [Complications caused by omphaloenteric duct and its remnants in children].

PMID- 1081278
TI  - Role of coronary artery surgery in patients surviving unexpected cardiac arrest.
AB  - During the past 3-1/2 years, 101 of 199 patients who were successfully
      resuscitated by fire rescue squads in the community after unexpected cardiac
      arrest (documented ventricular fibrillation--VF) were admitted to the hospital.
      Forty-two of these patients ultimately were discharged from the hospital.
      However, the intermediate and long-term results were disappointing, for their
      mean survival after discharge was only 12.7 months. Sudden deaths (recurrent
      unexpected VF) occurred during the first 12 months after discharge in 28 percent
      of the patients surviving the initial hospitalization. Among the survivors of
      sudden and unexpected VF (i.e., survivors of the initial hospitalization), 16
      patients who had had pre-existing symptoms of coronary heart disease had
      hemodynamic and coronary angiographic studies. Of these, 11 were considered
      surgical candidates. This report concerns the follow-up results in these patients
      with particular emphasis on the eight patients who accepted surgery and had
      myocardial revascularization. Five patients had moderate hemodynamic
      abnormalities, but none had had an acute myocardial infarction at the time of the
      initial arrest. The group of eight patients had a total of 18 vein graft bypasses
      performed. The significant findings is that all eight survived operation, and
      there was one late death at 10 months. The remaining patients are alive at 14 to
      34 months, and six are free of symptoms. Despite patent vein grafts, one patient
      has had a second serious arrhythmia. It is concluded that surgical intervention
      can be done safely and may decrease the high posthospitalization, recurrent
      arrest, and mortality rates in selected survivors of unexpected cardiac arrest.
      It is concluded further that all patients sustaining an unexpected arrest should
      have postarrest coronary catheterization and angiography, and all patients should
      be on antiarrhythmic agents whether or not they receive myocardial
      revascularization.

PMID- 1081279
TI  - [Immunomorphological studies of lymphocytes of peripheral blood in patients with
      lymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 1081281
TI  - Letter: A method for assaying von Willebrand factor (ristocetin cofactor).

PMID- 1081280
TI  - Drugs affecting platelet function tests: their effects on haemostasis and
      surgical bleeding.

PMID- 1081282
TI  - Factor VIII-related antigen in canine hemophilia and Von Willebrand's disease:
      Variation when measured with different agaroses.

PMID- 1081283
TI  - [Treatment of rheumatic diseases with corticosteroids].

PMID- 1081284
TI  - Antibody-dependent and direct lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity in patients on
      hemodialysis.
AB  - Twenty-two patients on chronic hemodialysis were tested for direct lymphocyte
      mediated cytotoxicity (DCML) and antibody-dependent lymphocyte-mediated
      cytotoxicity (LALI) against selected panels of normal donor lymphocytes. The DCML
      reaction was only positive in patients who had received blood transfusions within
      the two or three months prior to testing. Thus this reaction has limited value in
      practice as a parameter for presensitization. The use of third-party effector
      cells and of target cells precoated with antibody in the LALI reaction was
      evaluated, and it is advocated that effector cells from the patient investigated
      and direct application of patient serum to reaction mixtures should be preferred
      in order to avoid false negative reactions. In patients who had once manifested
      lymphocytotoxins, LALI disclosed a much broader reactivity than seen with a
      conventional complement-dependent cytotoxicity technique (CDC), whereas in this
      study patients who had never developed cytotoxins were also negative with the
      LALI technique. It is concluded that a positive LALI cross-match, in spite of a
      negative CDC cross-match, will be a common finding in donor-recipient
      combinations where the recipient has preformed cytotoxins. The effect of this on
      subsequent graft prognosis needs further clarification.

PMID- 1081285
TI  - Low serum alpha-1-antitrypsin level as a contributory factor of combined
      emphysema in silicosis.
AB  - In order to evaluate low serum alpha-1-antitrypsin level as a contributory factor
      of combined emphysema in silicotic patients, serum alpha-1-antitrypsin analysis
      was carried out in 80 patients with silicosis. Low serum alpha-1-antitrypsin
      level was found in 5 patients. Large opacities were observed roentgenologically
      in only 1 out of these 5 cases in contrast to 31 of the other 75 cases. Also the
      suggestive findings for the emphysema were showed in 4 of these 5 cases while
      such findings were found on their chest X-ray films in only 43 of the other 75
      cases. FEV 1.0% below 50 were calculated in 3 of the 5 cases, on the contrary in
      22 of the 75 cases. RV above 50% predicted value was showed by all the 5 low
      antitrypsin patients, in contrast to only 25 of other 74 cases. The silicotic
      patients with low serum alpha-1-antitrypsin concentration are most likely to have
      an association with a high incidence of complicated emphysema.

PMID- 1081286
TI  - The monoaminergic innervation of the telencephalon of the frog, Rana pipiens.
AB  - A large number of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT)-type axon terminals has
      been visualized in the so-called 'striatum' (pars ventralis and dorsalis) of Rana
      pipiens by means of the Falck-Hillarp histochemical method. The frog striatum
      contains, however, a much smaller number of catecholamine (CA) type axon
      terminals and differs strikingly in that aspect from the neostriatum of 'higher'
      vertebrates which is known to receive a massive CA innervation. In the
      telencephalon of Rana pipiens the highest density of CA axon terminals occurs at
      the level of the medial wall, which appears highly hypertrophied in comparison to
      the thin lateral wall. The CA terminals are mainly concentrated within nucleus
      accumbens septi and in the ventrolateral portion of nucleus lateralis septi where
      they surround intimately the non-fluorescent neuronal somata of both septal
      nuclei. The three pallial fields (medial, dorsal and lateral) of Rana pipiens are
      nearly devoid of CA axon terminals. A moderate amount of 5-HT terminals is
      present, however, within the caudal half of both the medial and dorsal pallial
      fields. Finally, a few CA-type neuronal somata are found lying amongst the mitral
      cells of the olfactory bulb. As a whole, the telecenphalon of Rana pipiens
      appears more profusely innervated by axons of the 5-HT-type than by those of the
      CA-type. This finding has been related to the fact that in the frog brain stem
      the CA neuronal somata are scarce in comparison to the highly developed 5-HT
      neuronal systems.

PMID- 1081287
TI  - Evidence that monoamines influence human evoked potentials.
AB  - We have measured latency and flash/pattern differentials of the visual evoked
      potential (VEP) from phenylketonuric humans, while systematically manipulating
      rates of amine synthesis in the central nervous system using two techniques. We
      have observed that stimulation of monoaminergic activity in the visual processing
      system, either by lowering inhibitory levels of phenylalanine through dietary
      restriction or by a properly balanced administration of indole and catecholamine
      precursors, shortened VEP latencies and permitted the development of a
      discriminative brain response to patterned stimuli. The close temporal
      relationship between these electrophysiological changes and the neurochemical
      manipulations following treatment initiation of discontinuation argue that
      monoamines play a significant role in the mediation of human sensory evoked
      potentials.

PMID- 1081288
TI  - [Demonstration of gastrointestinal hemorrhages in the acute radiation syndrome].
AB  - Increased radioiron excretion with feces following irradiation is a sure
      indicator of thrombopenia-induced gastrointestinal hemorrhages which are to be
      regarded as one of the main causes of the acute radiation syndrome or radiation
      death respectively. We analyzed the daily 59Fe- excretion of whole-body
      irradiated mice from the 7th to the 16th day after radiation insult, this period
      being the critical phase in the course of acute radiopathy with a mortality
      amounting here to about 50% of the irradiated animals (bone-marrow syndrome). On
      the eleventh day after radiation exposure, 59Fe-excretion of irradiated animals
      significantly exceeded by more than fivefold that of the controls. If, before
      radiation exposure, the mice have been treated with the protective agent AET,
      they survived without exception and, moreover, a significantly reduced 59Fe
      excretion was noted too, the control values almost being reached again. By means
      of the radionuclide 59Fe therefore, ont only statements are possible concerning
      the functional state of the erythropoietic system, but also troubles of the
      hemostatic system can be detected, e.g. the pathological transition of blood into
      the gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1081289
TI  - [Liquor-scintigraphic findings with Yb 169-DTPA in cerebro-atrophic processes].
AB  - Liquor-scintigraphic examinations were carried out with Yb 169-DTPA in two
      patients, who were offering - clinically as well as by pneumo-encephalographic
      findings - the picture of a cerebro-atrophic process. Especially the first case
      showed the typical course and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. A "stasis" of the
      radionuclide, lasting for 48 hours, was manifesting liquor-scintigraphically
      herein, in the course of which there was - initially - a weak representation of
      the ventricles. However, the complete clinical picture of a communicating
      hydrocephalus did not show up. In the second case, an undisturbed liquor
      circulation and absorption, to a great extent topically and temporally
      undisturbed, were observed. The question arises whether Alzheimer's disease is
      manifesting together with such a disturbance of the liquor circulation, already
      described also by other workers. The second case makes clear that the liquor
      space scintigraphy cannot be used as only diagnostic method in all cerebro
      atrophic processes.

PMID- 1081290
TI  - Maternal mortality in Western Nigeria.
AB  - Data on maternal deaths were collected from a randomly selected sample of medical
      institutions in the Western State of Nigeria for the years 1972 and 1973. An
      overall maternal mortality rate of 3.8/1000 total births were recorded for 1972
      and 1973 respectively. The major causes of maternal mortality were haemorrhage,
      obstructed labour, eclampsia, anaemia of pregnancy and infection.

PMID- 1081292
TI  - [Disorders of the vestibular analyzer in the residual period of tick-borne
      encephalitis with a two-wave course].

PMID- 1081291
TI  - [Substitution of T-cell function by poly-4-vinypyridine in the formation of the
      primary and secondary immune response].
AB  - The influence of poly-4-vinylpiridine (P-4-VP) on the production of antibody
      forming cells (AFC) has been studied. P-4-VP induces helper activity in lymphoid
      organs of B-mice. P-4-VP injected into mice substitutes T cell function in the
      development of immunological memory. The possibility of substitution by P-4-VP of
      various functions or of different subpopulations of T cells in T cell-deprived
      mice is discussed.

PMID- 1081293
TI  - [Bone marrow reaction to surgical intervention in gastroduodenal hemorrhage].
AB  - Experimentally and clinically, the authors have studied the effect of massive
      blood loss and various operative procedures (Billroth I and Hofmeister-Finsterer
      gastrectomies, pyloroplasty with vagotomy) on the hemopietic system. It has been
      found that the bone marrow response was mainly dependent on blood loss. A
      surgical intervention renders but insignificant effect on hemopoiesis, similar to
      that of a moderate hemorrhage, the character of an operative procedure being of
      no improtance.

PMID- 1081294
TI  - [Characteristics of blood coagulation and rational hemostatic therapy of acute
      gastroduodenal hemorrhage].
AB  - The results of studies on the state of the coagulative and fibrinolytic system of
      blood in 78 patients with acute gastroduodenal hemorrhages are summarized. The
      causes of bleeding were as follows: ulcerous gastroduodenal disease -- in 38
      cases, cancer of the stomach -- in 20, esophageal venous varices -- in 11 and
      erosive gastritis -- in 9. Some features of hemorrhage due to erosive gastritis,
      esophageal varices, ulcerous disease and gastric cancer are described.

PMID- 1081296
TI  - Current estimates from the Health Interview Survey. United States - 1974.

PMID- 1081295
TI  - Arthrobacter luteus restriction endonuclease cleavage map of phi chi 174 RF DNA.

PMID- 1081297
TI  - Acute conditions. Incidence and associated disability. United States, July 1973
      June 1974.

PMID- 1081298
TI  - A study of the effect of remuneration upon response in the health and nutrition
      examination survey, United States.

PMID- 1081299
TI  - The analytical potential of NCHS data for health care systems. A report of the
      United States National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics.

PMID- 1081300
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of the functional disturbances of blood platelets. II.
      Extracorpuscular defects].

PMID- 1081301
TI  - [Theoretical aspects of complex treatment with physical factors].

PMID- 1081302
TI  - [Influence of sinusoidal modulated currents on the functional state of the cardio
      vascular system in patients with ischemic heart disease during treatment of
      neurological manifestations of osteochondrosis].

PMID- 1081303
TI  - [Results of treatment with diadynamic currents of patients with some diseases
      associated with the pain syndrome].

PMID- 1081304
TI  - [Effect of sinusoidal modulated currents on some indices of nucleic metabolism in
      the tissues of rabbits with experimental atherosclerosis].

PMID- 1081305
TI  - [Electrostimulation of muscles in primary infectious-allergic and toxic
      polyneuritis].

PMID- 1081306
TI  - [Treatment of patients with epicondylitis of the arm by means of novocaine
      electrophoresis, medium frequency rectified sinusoidal currents, and centimeter
      band microwaves].

PMID- 1081307
TI  - [Clinico-diagnostic importance of Steffen's reaction in rheumatism and similar
      infectious-allergic diseases].

PMID- 1081308
TI  - [Diagnosis of Kartagener's syndrome].

PMID- 1081309
TI  - Transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity by cells (spleen, mesenteric lymph
      node) in Trichinella spiralis infection in mice.

PMID- 1081310
TI  - [Gastroscopy -- a routine procedure in the investigation of diseases of the
      stomach (author's transl)].
AB  - After a short review of the development of endoscopic investigations, the
      technique of gastroscopy is described and the indications for this procedure are
      pointed out. This procedure is of equal importance as radio-diagnostic measures
      in the routine investigation of stomach diseases and is of particular value when
      used as an emergency procedure and in the follow-up of patients after gastric
      operations. It also offers great advantages in the diagnosis of stomach tumours
      since biopsy material can be obtained from the lesion. Stomach haemorrhage due to
      gastric erosion, oesophagitis and the Mallory-Weiss syndrome are best diagnosed
      by gastroscopy. There are practically no contraindications to gastroscopy. The
      only precluding factor being an uncooperative patient. It is not contraindicated
      in patients with oesophageal varices or deformity of the spinal column.
      Complications are very rare. In the case of emergency gastrocscopy, shock must be
      counteracted and the blood pressure normalized before the investigation can be
      performed.

PMID- 1081311
TI  - [Algesimetric measurement of the effect of cerebral electrotherapy on the pain
      threshold (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of cerebral electrotherapy (CET) on the pain threshold was
      investigated in 3 test persons, on 5 points of the neck of these persons.
      Altogether 1200 algesimetric measurements were performed. The statistical
      evaluation showed a significant tedency (p less than 0.01) towards an elevation
      of the pain threshold by CET.

PMID- 1081312
TI  - [Effect on cells of inhibitors of DNA synthesis].

PMID- 1081313
TI  - [Reaction of the bony capsule of the labyrinth of rabbits to stimulation of the
      hypothalamus under conditions of D2 hypervitaminosis].

PMID- 1081314
TI  - [Unusual generalized granulomatosis. Two case reports (author's transl)].
AB  - Report about two cases of unusual generalized granulomatosis in males, with
      multiple lymphomas and involvement of internal organs and brain, leading soon to
      death. The diagnosis was malignant histiocytosis and disseminated eosinophilic
      granulomatosis. The malignant histiocytosis is differentiated from malignant
      fibroxantoma (malignant histiocytoma). The unusual cerebral features in the
      second case - diagnosed as disseminated eosinophilic granulomatosis - seem to
      show some relations to histiocytosis X. The problems in diagnosis of generalized
      granulomatosis are pointed out.

PMID- 1081315
TI  - [Histiocytosis X of the hypothalamus (author's transl)].
AB  - A case report on histiocytosis X in the hypothalamic region in a 47 years old
      woman is presented. There was a 10 years history of diabetes insipidus, but only
      immediately before the death vegetative and psychical disturbances occurred.
      Difficulties of the diagnosis and of the estimation of histological findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 1081316
TI  - [Csion].

PMID- 1081317
TI  - [Aorto-coronary bypass with the large saphenous vein].

PMID- 1081318
TI  - [Unusual local finding after dissection-ligation using Vosschulte's method for
      esophageal varices].

PMID- 1081319
TI  - [Longstemmed gastric polyp: hemorrhage and stenosis].

PMID- 1081320
TI  - [Conventional radiodiagnosis in blunt abdominal injuries].

PMID- 1081321
TI  - [Orgainc tricuspid pathology in rheumatic valvulopathies].
AB  - Surgical observations show that organic tricuspid lesions are not uncommon: 3.2%
      among cases of valvular surgery, 9.5% among patients with combined mitral and
      aortic replacements. Pure stenosis is relatively rare (7 cases) but easy to
      diagnose: this lesion plays a protective role on pulmonary parenchyma. There is
      no symptom due to congestive lungs and few pulmonary post-operative complications
      among these patients. Organic tricuspid insufficiency, isolated or associated to
      stenosis is more frequent (18 cases) but more difficult to diagnose before
      surgery. There seems to be no protection of the pulmonary circulation. Pulmonary
      arterial hypertension, clinical and radiological features of congestive lungs and
      post-operative pulmonary complications are usual.

PMID- 1081322
TI  - A direct comparison between internally and externally measured left ventricular
      systolic time intervals.
AB  - In 38 cardiac patients a direct comparison was made of systolic time intervals
      derived from the external carotid pulse tracing and from the central aortic
      pressure curve, simultaneously recorded by means of a catheter-tip
      micromanometer. In addition the transmission time of the upstroke and the
      incisura of the central pulse wave to the carotid artery was studied. In spite of
      close linear correlations, significant differences in absolute values were
      observed between internally and externally measured systolic time intervals. The
      transmission times of upstroke and incisura of the pulse wave also differed
      significantly. Both findings were directly related and dependent upon the heart
      rate.

PMID- 1081323
TI  - A modified technique for transseptal angiocardiography: review of 186 cases.
AB  - Perforations of the left atrial or ventricular wall and extravasations of
      contrast medium during transseptal left heart catheterisation or
      angiocardiography can be eliminated by replacing the normally used transseptal
      catheters by Pigtail-catheters. With only 2.8% minor complications without
      sequelae in 181 successful studies, transseptal angiocardiography of the left
      heart through Pigtail-catheters is not only less hazardous than injections
      through the transseptal catheters used up to now, but possibly bears even less
      risk than direct retrograde injection into the left ventricle. The best method of
      showing the left atrial cavity and the mitral valve is transseptal left atrial
      injection. According to our findings in the evaluation of the ventricular
      function by means of quantitative angiocardiography, transseptal
      angiocardiography with injection into the left atrium is preferable to retrograde
      direct ventriculography, as ventricular ectopic beats were absent and
      supraventricular ectopic beats were as rare as 5% of cases. With this method,
      local disturbances of wall motion during injection could also be avoided and one
      or two more cycles could be evaluated before the depressant effect of contrast
      medium started.

PMID- 1081324
TI  - Aortic septal defect and coronary-systemic micro-fistulae.
AB  - This report concerns a 32-year-old man, who at the age of 11, had an aortic
      septal defect with severe pulmonary hypertension. The defect was partially closed
      and the patient was left with a continuous murmur, an a-v shunt and marked
      diminution of pulmonary hypertension. Five years later he was asymptomatic,
      auscultation was normal and no shunt was found at cardiac catheterization. At 32
      years of age, although asymptomatic he had abnormal "T" waves, and a selective
      coronary angiography demonstrated micro-fistulae involving the anterior
      descending coronary artery. It is suggested that these fistulae may be
      responsible for the abnormality of ventricular repolarization.

PMID- 1081325
TI  - [Central vestibular syndromes].

PMID- 1081326
TI  - [Probability of the functional vestibulo-oculo-cervico-spinal ways affecting the
      placement and maintenance of the body's center of gravity in the support plane in
      erect man. A statokinesimetric study].

PMID- 1081327
TI  - Varicella followed by glomerulonephritis. Treatment with corticosteroids and
      azathioprine resulting in recurrence of varicella.
AB  - The present report outlines the clinical features of a 2-year-old boy who
      following varicella developed purpura of the lower extremities, transient
      gastrointestinal bleeding and glomerulonephritis. The triad of symptoms suggests
      Schonlein-Henoch Syndrome, but coagulation studies and renal biopsy did not
      confirm this, and varicella is thought to be the cause of the complications.
      Therapy with corticosteroids and azathioprine had only a minor effect on the
      nephritis but caused depression of serum IgG and specific antibody resulting in
      reinfection or reactivation of varicella.

PMID- 1081328
TI  - Immunodeficiency and prognosis in Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Blood lymphocytes from the majority of 33 unselected and untreated patients with
      Hodgkin's disease were deficient in T-lymphocytes and their DNA synthesis induced
      by concanvallin A mitogen and PPD antigen was impaired. The spontaneous DNA
      synthesis during the first 24 hours of culture was often raised. The prognostic
      role of the lymphocyte deficiency was evaluated in a follow-up 10-22 months after
      institution of therapy. The lymphocyte functions were more commonly abnormal in
      patients responding poorly to treatment (incomplete remission, relapse after
      treatment, or death) than in patients entering complete remission. The lymphocyte
      deficiency seems to give information about prognosis in Hodgkin's disease in
      addition to histopathology, clinical stage, B-symptoms and age.

PMID- 1081329
TI  - Host specificity of DNA in haemophilus influenzae: The physiological and
      genetical bases of instability of restriction and modification of DNA in strain
      Rd.
AB  - Further investigations of the instability of restriction and modification
      properties of H. influenzae Rd strain were carried out. It has been shown that
      the instable properties of hsd Hind1 system are maintained even after transfer of
      this system to another H. influenzae strain. The expression of hsd Hind1 system
      is very sensitive to various physiological changes which do not influence the
      other hsd systems present in the same Rd strain. The instability of hsd Hind1
      system is postulated to be connected with some regulator gene(s).

PMID- 1081330
TI  - Intracranial neurinomas of the nerves of the jugular foramen. Report of 12
      personal cases.
AB  - 12 patients, 10 women and 2 men, were operated on for removal of a jugular
      foramen neurinoma. Removal was total in 11 cases and operative mortality was
      16.6%. As there are no clinical or instrumental signs that permit sure
      distinction between these tumours and those of the cerebellopontine angle, only a
      thorough radiological study of the jugular foramen allows correct diagnosis.
      Often, however, the diagnosis is made during the operation.

PMID- 1081331
TI  - [Diagnostic possibilities of positive contrast ventriculography (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A comparison has been made of the relative merits of air, Conray 60, and Dimer X
      ventriculography in 100 cases. The great virtue of positive contrast
      ventriculography is its superior ability to demonstrate abnormalities in the
      midline and in the posterior cranial fossa. Tomoventriculography using a multiple
      layer cassette permits exact localization of intraventricular lesions without
      causing additional discomfort to the patient. The subtraction technique confers
      additional benefits. Positive contrast ventriculography has its limitations when
      there are large extraventricular masses.

PMID- 1081332
TI  - Proceedings: Dorsal column stimulation for chronic pain. Preliminary clinical
      results and physiological observations.

PMID- 1081333
TI  - Proceedings: Meningioma of the middle cranial fossa and epidermoid tumor of the
      clivus and cerebellopontine angle in the same patient.

PMID- 1081334
TI  - [Early receptor potential (ERP) of a typical monochromat (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081335
TI  - Coronary artery disease in an 18 year old with pseudoxanthoma elasticum:
      successful surgical therapy.
AB  - An 18 year old girl with pseudoxanthoma elasticum, a 7 year history of angina
      pectoris and evidence of an old anteroseptal myocardial infarction was found on
      coronary angiography to have three vessel coronary artery disease. A triple
      coronary artery-saphenous vein bypass graft was performed, and she has been
      asymptomatic for 1 year. Histologic examination of a segment of the right
      coronary artery revealed changes consistent with the vascular lesion of
      pseudoxanthoma elasticum.

PMID- 1081336
TI  - Zeta sedimentation ratio in rheumatic disease. Comparison of the zeta
      sedimentation ratio with the Wintrobe and Westergren sedimentation rates.
AB  - The zeta sedimentation ratios (ZSR) of 104 normal subjects and 106 rheumatology
      clinic patients were compared with their Westergren and Wintrobe erythrocyte
      sedimentation rates (ESR). The mean ZSR for normal subjects was 49.42 +/- 3.75%.
      The rheumatology clinic patients were separated into noninflammatory and
      inflammatory disease groups. The mean ZSR values for these groups were:
      noninflammatory, 51.60 +/- 5.33%; inflammatory, 59.43 +/- 7.32% (t = 5.5, p less
      than 0.001). The correlation between ZSR and ESR values was excellent. The ZSR
      determination has several advantages over the standard ESR in that it can be
      performed on blood anticoagulated with EDTA and need not be corrected for age,
      sex or packed cell volume. The ZSR is a rapid, reproducible test correlating well
      with rheumatic disease activity.

PMID- 1081337
TI  - Calciferol deficiency here and now.

PMID- 1081338
TI  - Letter: PNEUMOCYSTIS CARINII IN A Vietnamese foundling.

PMID- 1081339
TI  - Relationships between neurological findings and classroom behavior.
AB  - Five hundred seventy-five children from low-income urban neighborhoods who were
      between 10 and 12 years of age were examined by pediatricians for certain
      neurological signs. Classroom teachers ranked each child according to types of
      behavior. Data on neurological signs found in more than 15 children and on types
      of classroom behavior clinically expected to be related to central nervous system
      defects were studied statistically. Significant positive associations were found
      between nystagmus and hyperactivity, mixed dominance and hyperactivity, and mixed
      dominance and variable day-to-day performance. Errors in moving parts of the body
      on verbal command were associated with distractibility and underachievement. Head
      circumference greater than the 90th percentile for age was associated with
      unvarying behavior and clumsiness; tactile agnosia with unvarying behavior;
      asymmetry of the eyes with hyperactivity; and asymmetrical position of the
      child's head with underachievement. A negative association was found between
      nystagmus and musical ability.

PMID- 1081340
TI  - Postoperative bowel necrosis with portal vein gas.

PMID- 1081341
TI  - Crohn's disease of the colon. IV. Clinical features of Crohn's (ileo) colitis.
AB  - Using accepted diagnostic criteria we have selected, for study, 160 patients with
      Crohn's disease involving the colon. There is a remarkable discrepancy between
      the clinical diagnosis prior to or at the time of initial admission to this
      hospital and the diagnosis following definitive investigation and observation of
      the progression of disease. The peak age incidence occurred in the second decade.
      The colitis group showed a greater percentage of patients over 30 years of age.
      Although histopathology was not obtained in all patients, there appeared to be
      sparing of the ascending colon in a small percentage (9 percent) of patients with
      ileocolitis. Comparison of the clinical features of granulomatous disease limited
      to the colon and granulomatous ileocolitis shows a significantly greater
      incidence of extraintestinal symptoms and overt bleeding in the former. Nausea,
      vomiting, subacute obstruction, abdominal mass and internal fistulas were
      substantially more common in ileocolitis but the difference was not statistically
      significant. In this series retroperitoneal abscess did not occur in patients
      with disease localized to the colon. In the 10 patients with ileocolitis who
      developed an abscess, however, the site of fistula was the colon in four
      patients. In one of these, the abscess was left-sided.

PMID- 1081342
TI  - Coronary bypass.

PMID- 1081343
TI  - Endogenous Candida endophthalmitis leading to bilateral corneal perforation.
AB  - A premature neonate developed advanced bilateral endophthalmitis before the
      significance of underlying Candida sepsis was appreciated. Severe endophthalmitis
      resulted in corneal thinning, descemetocele formation, and perforation. The
      infection occurred in the clinical setting of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy
      and indwelling intravenous catheters. Cultures of blood and catheter tips had
      been positive for Candida but were not considered significant until advanced
      ocular infection was noted. The septic process resulted in the infant's death
      after systemic amphotericin B therapy was discontinued because of renal toxicity.

PMID- 1081344
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in humans. A review.

PMID- 1081345
TI  - Localization of contractile-dependent Ca: comparison of Mn and verapamil in
      cardiac and skeletal muslce.
AB  - The effects of two excitation-contraction uncoupling agents, manganese (Mn) and
      verapamil, are compared in heart and fast-twitch skeletal muscle. Particular
      attention is given to the effect of the agents on the first contraction following
      a period of quiescence when the agents are administered during the quiescent
      period. Mn significantly diminishes dP/dt of the first beat in heart muscle,
      whereas verapamil has no significant effect. Neither Mn nor verapamil has a
      significant effect on the first postquiescent contraction in skeletal muscle,
      though verapamil produces a diminution of dP/dt in subsequent contractions in
      both tissues. A comparison of the effect of the agents on 45Ca exchange in heart
      cells in tissue culture indicates that Mn induces a rapid displacement of a
      rapidly exchangeable component of heart-cell calcium with subsequent inhibiton of
      influx. Verapamil, by contrast, produces no rapid displacement but only an
      inhibiton of influx. The functional and Ca-exchange effect of the two agents are
      compatible with a model which places most of the contractile-dependent Ca at the
      cellular surface in heart muscle and at deeper, intracellular sites in fast
      twitch skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1081346
TI  - Hemodynamic consequences of delayed ventriculoconal conduction in the frog Rana
      catesbeiana.
AB  - We investigated the function of the conus arteriosus in the bullfrog Rana
      catesbeiana using a combination of anatomical and physiological techniques.
      Although there is a normal delay in ventriculoconal conduction and we could
      induce a spectrum of ventriculoconal conduction disturbances by manipulating the
      region of the ventriculoconal junction, we found no histological evidence of
      specialized conducting myocardial tissue in this region. The performance of the
      conus arteriosus was explored during various disturbances of ventriculoconal
      conduction and also during hemodynamic disturbances produced by hemorrhage and
      afterloading. The conus was found to contribute little to forward flow under
      ordinary circumstances, but its contribution increased greatly during bleeding or
      partial occlusion of the truncus. In contrast to the conclusion of others, no
      evidence could be adduced to support the idea that the conus serves as a
      depulsating chamber. Disparities in previous reports concerning the operation of
      the conus as a booster pump are attributed to special experimental circumstances.

PMID- 1081347
TI  - Determination of the ENa of from skin from studies of its current-voltage
      relationship.
AB  - Studies were done to test the idea that the emf of the sodium pump (ENa) of
      isolated frog skin could be estimated directly from studies of its current
      voltage relationship. ENa was estimated in two ways: a) from the bidirectional
      sodium flux ratio according to Ussing and Zerahn, and b) from the values of open
      circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and the shunt resistance estimated when
      the [Na] of the outer solution was reduced to zero. When the values of ENa were
      compared with the values of E1 obtained from the current-voltage relationships,
      they were found to be the same despite considerable variability in the values of
      ENa between skins (77-168 mV). In general, the values of ENa were considerably
      higher when the skins were bathed with sulfate-Ringer as compared with chloride
      Ringer solution. These data are compatible with the idea that in nonedge-damaged
      frog skin, the unidirectional sodium fluxes were confined primarily to active
      transport pathways alone, and, accordingly, they may be excluded from parallel
      shunt pathways.

PMID- 1081348
TI  - Trichomonas vaginalis in a perinephric abscess. A case report.
AB  - A patient with chronic vulvo-vaginitis due to Trichomonas vaginalis, and
      obstructive uropathy associated with renal calculi, developed a perinephric
      abscess following trauma incurred in a motorcycle accident. T. vaginalis was seen
      on smear and cultured from the purulent drainage from the perinephric abscess.
      Although T. vaginalis is commonly pathogenic only to the lower genito-urinary
      system, the upper urinary tract may very rarely be involved by ascending
      infection. If this protozoan spreads to extraluminal sites the inflammatory
      potential is marked, as has been found in animals with experimental infection.
      Examination of a fresh smear of pus may be critically important in the diagnosis
      of closed-space infections of unknown etiology.

PMID- 1081349
TI  - [T and B rosettes in bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1081350
TI  - Gastro-intestinal haemorrhage from peptic ulcer. An evaluation of bloodless
      transfusion and early surgery.
AB  - Over a 3-year-period 72 patients with upper digestive tract haemorrhage due to
      peptic ulcer were transfused exclusively with isotonic sodium chloride and
      glucose solutions in equal quantities. The results are compared with 69 patients
      treated previously in whom conventional blood transfusion regimes had been used.
      Transfusion therapy was combined with emergency surgery involving vagotomy and
      draininage, with surgical haemostasis in situ. There were no significant
      differences between the two groups with regard to anaesthesia, surgery and post
      operative managemement. Apart from anemia, there were less early and late
      complications in the group not receiving blood. The amount of crystalloid
      solutions administered varied between 7000 ml and 19,000 ml causing a diuresis of
      1000 ml to 5300 ml within the first 24 hours. The use of this transfusion regime
      for haemodynamic re-equilibration in upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage due to
      ulcer, in cases in which haemostasis can be obtained with certainty by emergency
      surgery, allows transfusion of stored blood and colloid solutions to be avoided
      and emergency surgery to be safely undertaken at the earliest moment. The severe
      acute anaemia which is caused appears to create no special problems.

PMID- 1081351
TI  - Electrostimulation in the management of chronic pain.
AB  - A new form of electrostimulation was investigated in a series of 768 patients
      with chronic pain. The method is based on the insertion of needle-electrodes in
      symmetrically selected points of the body and the passage of an electrical
      current of specified parameters. Treatment sessions last about 15-20 min and are
      repeated at intervals of 1 to 7 days. The procedure is simple and free from
      undesirable side effects. The investigation was based on 12000 sessions. The
      results of the treatment are discussed. No hypothesis of the mechanism of the
      beneficial effects obtained by electrostimulation is given, though the gate
      control theory of pain is cited.

PMID- 1081352
TI  - Epidermolysis bullosa manifested and treated during anesthesia.

PMID- 1081353
TI  - Anesthetic management of a parturient with myotonia atrophica.

PMID- 1081354
TI  - A micro-rosette test for newborns.
AB  - It is known that human T-cells can be identified by rosette formation with sheep
      red blood cells. The authors have developed a micro adaptation of the rosette
      forming cell test with which they compared the lymphocyte distribution of 38
      newborns to that of 42 older children. The percentage of lymphocytes
      spontaneously forming rosettes was similar in the two groups. Absolute lymphocyte
      counts were also similar. They suggest that this micro-rosette test could offer
      the clinician a rapid and inexpensive laboratory method of assessing cell-mediate
      immunity in the neonate.

PMID- 1081355
TI  - A preliminary report on regenerative healing in the equine tendon.
AB  - The concept of regenerative healing has been used to manipulate the healing
      process in experimental animals and clinically to augment bone healing in people
      after orthopedic operation. An implanted electrical device was used in an attempt
      to produce regenerative healing in experimentally created equine tendon injury.
      The bimetallic electrical implant did not produce regenerative healing under the
      conditions of this experiment. The mechanism of implantation and discussion of
      the results are included.

PMID- 1081356
TI  - Methotrexate-thymidine treatment of murine leukemia.

PMID- 1081357
TI  - Transbronchial lung biopsy through the fiberoptic bronchoscope in diffuse lung
      disease.

PMID- 1081358
TI  - Treatment of papillomatosis of the larynx with transfer factor.

PMID- 1081359
TI  - New approach to caloric stimulation of the vestibular receptor.
AB  - A new caloric testing method is described. During continuous aural irrigation,
      fluid is switched between hot and cold values at times computed according to a
      mathematical model of heat conduction in the labyrinth area. As a result, the
      induced temperature difference across the lateral semicircular canal describes an
      approximately sinusoidal time course, reaching peak values of equal magnitude but
      opposite sign. The magnitude of the caloric stimulus may be selected by choosing
      appropriate irrigation durations from a graph or table. Application of the test
      to clinical subjects demonstrated that the heat conduction model and analysis
      used in timing the sequence of thermal pulses was accurate. The new procedure
      causes less patient discomfort and requires less time to complete than does the
      conventional Fitzgerald-Hallpike test.

PMID- 1081360
TI  - Emergency and elective surgical treatment of portal hypertension. A review of 23
      years' experience.
AB  - A retrospective review of surgical treatment for portal hypertension during a 23
      year period in a regional unit is reported and the immediate and subsequent
      management of patients with bleeding oesophageal varices is discussed. Fifty-four
      patients with recurrent varix haemorrhage uncontrolled by conservative methods
      have been treated by oesophageal transection with a mortality of 22.2% (26.6% for
      cirrhotic patients). Thirty-two per cent of the cirrhotics were alive after 2
      years. Only a minority (12%) of the survivors were considered suitable for a
      subsequent shunt procedure. Therapeutic portacaval anastomosis has been performed
      on 65 patients with a 51.2% 5-year survival (43-5% for cirrhotic patients).
      Further haemorrhage due to shunt thrombosis occurred in 5-3% of cases. The
      frequent occurrence of portal-systemic encephalopathy, increasing with duration
      of time following a shunt, is emphasized. The high morbidity and mortality in the
      poor-risk cirrhotic indicated that this type of patient is unsuitable for a
      portal-systemic shunt and is better treated by medical means.

PMID- 1081361
TI  - Different lymphocyte populations in rheumatoid arthritis and their relationship
      to anti-Ig activities.
AB  - The anti-immunoglobulin activities of rheumatoid arthritis appear to be related
      not only to plasma cells and their precursors, the B-lymphocytes. Evidence for
      interaction of IgG with T-lymphocytes and with Fc-bearing lymphocyte-like cells
      has now appeared. Both these cell types can mediate cytotoxicity which may also
      induce inflammation in addition to that provoked by rheumatoid factors and immune
      complexes. Rheumatoid factors and immune complexes may act primarily through the
      complement system. However, active inflammation in rheumatoid patients can occur
      without abundant immune complexes, e.g. in B-cell-deficient patients (31). In
      some cases this may be due to activation of the alternate complement pathway.
      However, the T-cell system with its series of lymphokines may also play an active
      part-in the inflammatory process. And both T-lymphocytes and Fc-bearing
      lymphocyte-like cells, the K-cells, can mediate cytotoxicity. Also in such
      patients further studies are needed to work out the complex interactions between
      these cell types and to discover the underlying cause or agent in the chronic
      destructive rheumatoid inflammation.

PMID- 1081362
TI  - [Proceedings: Measurement of the secretory activity of the interrenal glands in
      Rana esculenta L (author's transl)].
AB  - In the green frog, the total corticosterone concentration measured by
      radiocompetitive binding assay, is 4,00 +/- 0,5 mug/ml. In captivity, this level
      is stable; in the natural environment, it changes with the hour and the date of
      the sampling. The percentage of bound corticosterone is about 30%.

PMID- 1081363
TI  - [Localization of the genes of 28S and 18S RNA in human somatic chromosomes by in
      situ hybridization].
AB  - In situ hybridization of human somatic cell chromosomes suggests that the genes
      coding for the 28S and 18S RNA's are located in the satellite of acrocentric
      chromosomes rather than in the secondary constriction, and that two minor sites
      exist in the centromeric region of chromosomes 1 and 2.

PMID- 1081364
TI  - De novo occurrence of 46,XX,t(4;13) (q31;q14) in a mentally retarded girl.
AB  - A 12 year-old mentally retarded girl with multiple congenital malformations
      presented with an apparently new chromosome abnormality involving a de novo
      balanced reciprocal translocation between part of the long arms of chromosomes 4
      and 13. This was observed in 291 metaphase spreads derived from short-term
      leucocyte and skin fibroblast cultures.

PMID- 1081365
TI  - [Pure trisomy 9p 47,XX,+ del(9) (q11). Discovery of one cell 46,XX, del(9) (q11)
      in the father].
AB  - A case is reported of "pure" trisomy 9p: 47,XX,+del(9) (q11). The affected 6-year
      old girl has moderate psychomotor retardation (IQ near 70), with speech
      retardation. She is mildly dysmorphic, with the characteristic features of
      trisomy 9p: a "worried look", a unilateral grin, slant of the palpebral fissures,
      a globulous nose, brachymesophalangia and the characteristic dermatoglyphic
      features. The parents karyotypes are normal, except for one cell from the father
      which had the karyotype 46,XY,del(9)(q11), the implications of which are
      discussed.

PMID- 1081366
TI  - Brachydactyly type B and symphalangism in different members of a Mexican family.
AB  - A patient with typical brachydactyly type B is described. By history, 4
      generations had some affected members and it was possible to examine a sister and
      2 children of the proposita. These individuals in addition to the brachydactyly
      had symphalangism, an abnormality not previously described in association with
      brachydactyly type B.

PMID- 1081367
TI  - A case of ring 18 chromosome in a sibship with multiple spontaneous abortions.
AB  - We report the study of a female infant with physical stigmata suggestive of 18
      chromosomes deletion, in whom cytogenetic studies revealed a 446,XX,r(18)
      complement. She was the last born of a sibship of seven composed otherwise by
      three spontaneous abortions, two perinatal deaths and one living female. The
      chromosome studies of the parents were normal. The cytogenetic finding and the
      phenotype are discussed in relation to the 18 chromosome deletion syndromes. The
      phenotype of the propositus would indicate that her ring 18 is significantly
      deficient of long arm segment. The apparent sporadic occurrence of this
      chromosomal anomaly in this family is discussed.

PMID- 1081368
TI  - Banding in old chromosome preparations.

PMID- 1081369
TI  - [Increase of the LDH-B activity in a boy with 12p trisomy by malsegregation of a
      maternal translocation t(12;14) (q12;p11)].
AB  - A newborn male trisomic for 12p is compared with three other 12p trisomics
      already reported in the literature, as well as with three patients monosomic for
      12p. A "type and countertype" opposition is observed for five characters: in the
      trisomy, turricephaly, shortness of the nose, protruding anthelix, wide palms,
      and increased LDH-B activity; in the monosomy, protruding occiput, large nose,
      hypoplasia of the anthelix, narrow palms, and decreased LDH-B activity.

PMID- 1081370
TI  - The 12p trisomy syndrome.
AB  - Trisomy for the short arm of chromosome number 12 was diagnosed (by a G-banding
      method) in a girl with multiple congenital defects. Her mother and two sisters
      showed a balanced translocation 46,XX,rcp(12;21)(p11;p11), so, the affected girl
      was the result of a maternal adjacen t-1 meiotic segregation with a karyotype
      46,XX,der21,rcp(12;12)(p11;q11)mat. Another sister decreased at 3 yr of age
      showed similar phenotypical features and was considered also affected although no
      karyotype studies were performed. Both affected cases were compared with a
      previous one and the concordant characteristics allowed the individualization of
      the following syndrome: severe mental retardation, peculiar flat facies with
      prominent checks, epicanthic folds, broad and irregular implantation of the
      eyebrows, broad and flat nasal bridge with short and narrow nose, anteverted
      nostrils and large philtrum, broad and prominent lower lip, low set ears with
      folded helix, prominent anthelix and deep concha, "spade" shape fingers (sharp
      pointed distal phalanges) with shortness of the fifth, bilateral genu valgum,
      slightly increased space between first and second toes, secral dimple,
      generalized hypotonia and hyporeflexia of knees and ankles, nistagmus, retarded
      and dysrythmic bone age, simian creases or equivalent and distal axial triradii.

PMID- 1081371
TI  - Partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 12(p11; p13). Report of a case.
AB  - Chromosome analysis of a 15-day old boy with multiple malformations revealed a
      partial deletion 12(p11;p13).

PMID- 1081372
TI  - An inherited translocation t(4;15) (p16;q22) leading to two cases of partial
      trisomy 15.
AB  - A four year old girl with severe mental retardation and multiple congenital
      abnormalities manifested "partial trisomy 15". Her mother, pregnant at the time
      of examination, possessed a balanced translocation which, after banding
      techniques, was identified as t(4;15)(p16;q22). Amnio-centesis revealed the
      karyotype of the fetus to be identical to that of the proposita and a therapeutic
      abortion was performed. Prenatal investigation of a subsequent pregnancy revealed
      a normal male karyotype. Comparison of the proposita and aborted fetus of this
      family with the 5 reported other cases of "partial trisomy 15" does not allow for
      a precise recognizable clinical syndrome.

PMID- 1081373
TI  - Vestibular reactions associated with minocycline.
AB  - Several recent reports have indicated that minocycline, a drug effective for
      meningococcal disease prophylaxis, is associated with a high incidence of
      vestibular side effects. In January 1975, a questionnaire on adverse reactions
      was completed by all 29 staff members of a North Georgia hospital who had taken
      minocycline at the recommended dosage after exposure to a suspected meningococcal
      meningitis case and by 25 age-, sex-, and occupation-matched non-treated
      controls. In the treated group 86% experienced moderate to severe vestibular
      symptoms; 84% of the symptomatic persons experienced their onset after one or two
      doses of 100 mg. Fifty-two percent of the treated staff members stopped taking
      the medication because of these effects. The symptoms resolved within 48 h after
      affected persons discontinued the medication. Until the safety of minocycline can
      be reestablished, rifampin is recommended for meningococcal disease prophylaxis,
      and alternative drugs are encouraged for other indications.

PMID- 1081374
TI  - Double-antibody radioimmunoassay for staphylococcal enterotoxin C2.
AB  - A sensitive double-antibody radioimmunoassay for staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 is
      described. The assay procedure employs anti-rabbit gamma globulin, prepared in
      goats, to precipitate the antigen-antibody complex of enterotoxin C2 and anti
      enterotoxin C2. The test is sensitive to 100 pg of enterotoxin.

PMID- 1081375
TI  - Perinatal infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1081376
TI  - Eosinophil-specific and other granulocyte-specific antinuclear antibodies in
      juvenile chronic polyarthritis and adult rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Sera from 151 children of whom 112 had juvenile chronic polyarthritis (JCP), and
      from adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and from healthy pregnant females
      were tested for the presence of granulocyte-specific antinuclear antibodies (GS
      ANA). These were detected in 20% of sera from cases of JCP, in 68% of adult RA,
      but in none of the controls. Eosinophil-specific ANA were the only ANA present in
      18% of positive children and 54% of the positive adults. GS-ANA in children were
      predominantly IgG and of low titre. Heat-stable GS-ANA were detected in sera from
      eight children but none bound complement. The presence of GS-ANA was not
      significantly associated with sex, age of onset, duration of disease, mean active
      joint count, mean ESR, nor with the presence of fever, rash, splenomegaly,
      amyloidosis, pericarditis, or rheumatoid factor.

PMID- 1081377
TI  - Rubella antibody levels in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Increased rubella antibody titres have been reported in patients with juvenile
      rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and it has been suggested that rubella virus may be of
      importance in the aetiology or pathogenesis of the disease. In the present study,
      rubella and rubeola antibody titres in 85 patients with JRA were compared to age-
      and sex-matched controls. 41% of the patients did not have rubella antibody, but
      the geometric mean titre of those with JRA who had antibody was slightly higher
      than that of the controls with antibody (58-9 against 42-7; P less than 0-05).
      The level of rubella antibody titre correlated with serum IgG levels. There was
      no difference in rubeola antibody titres between patients and controls, and
      rubeola antibody did not correlate with serum IgG. Fifteen JRA patients developed
      rubella antibody after rubella vaccine or natural disease. This did not result in
      unusually high antibody titres and was associated with a mild exacerbation of
      symptoms in only two patients. This study suggests that the slight increase in
      rubella antibody in JRA is a nonspecific manifestation of increased
      immunoglobulins.

PMID- 1081378
TI  - Antinative DNA antibodies as a reaction to pyrazole drugs.
AB  - A case history is presented of the occurrence of a high binding capacity for
      native DNA in the serum of a patient on phenylbutazone. This reverted to normal
      on stopping the drug. The patient also had a reversible neutropenia and
      leucopenia, and it is suggested that the high anti-DNA binding capacity was a
      feature of a drug-induced lupus-like phenomenon.

PMID- 1081379
TI  - Erosive hemorrhagic gastroduodenitis with fibrinolysis and low factor XIII.
AB  - Four patients with erosive hemorrhagic gastroduodenitis were found to have high
      fibrinolytic activity of the gastric juice. No increase in the fibrinolytic
      activity could be demonstrated in the circulating blood, but the values found for
      fibrinogen, plasminogen and alpha2-macroglobulin were low. A high content of FDP
      was found in the serum. All patients had a markedly decreased content of factor
      XIII. Platelet count and other coagulation components were normal. These findings
      were interpreted as signs of local fibrinolysis in the diseased parts of the
      gastrointestinal canal. The bleeding stopped after oral and intravenous
      administration of a fibrinolytic inhibitor (AMCA Cyclokapron) and of factor XIII
      containing concentrate. In bleeding from gastroduodenal ulcer and esophageal
      varices, no increase in gastric fibrinolytic activity was found. It is suggested
      that the high local fibrinolytic activity in the stomach in erosive gastritis
      together with the low content of factor XIII contributes substantially to the
      hemorrhage in this condition. These observations may lead to a revision of the
      treatment of such cases.

PMID- 1081380
TI  - Results of direct coronary artery graft reconstruction. A five-year clinical and
      arteriographic appraisal.
AB  - Three hundred thirty-six patients with severe coronary artery disease were
      operated upon between June, 1969, and December, 1974. All were followed from 1 to
      66 months (average, 37 months) with respect to survival and late myocardial
      infarction. The patients operated upon were compared statistically with a group
      of unoperated patients, and this evaluation demonstrated significantly better
      late survival in the surgically treated patients who had double- and triple
      vessel disease. Two hundred thirty-six consecutive patients had clinical and late
      arteriographic reevaluation more than 6 months postoperatively; 78% were
      asymptomatic. Factors affecting graft patency are reviewed in detail. Late graft
      patency is determined by preoperative selection of vessels for grafting. Patency
      is not an index of success for this procedure. Surgical therapy appears to be the
      treatment of choice for patients with two- three-vessel coronary occlusive
      disease.

PMID- 1081381
TI  - Cardiac vein myocardial revascularization. An experimental study and report of 3
      clinical cases.
AB  - The feasibility of utilizing the coronary venous system for myocardial
      revascularization was explored in 18 dog experiments and 3 clinical patients at
      St. Mary Medical Center. Experimental models were developed using mammary artery
      to-coronary vein anastomoses, free vein grafts from the aorta to the coronary
      veins, and saphenous vein bypass grafts from the aorta to the cardiac veins in
      the patients. Evaluation of myocardial revascularization was done by one or more
      of the following methods: (1) electromagnetic flowmeter measurements of graft
      blood flow; (2) myocardial scanning after injection of radioactive materials; (3)
      hydrogen electrode evaluation of arteriovenous shunting; (4) coronary
      cineangiograms; (5) methylene blue injections with visual observation of
      myocardial staining and collateral venous pathways; (6) pulse-flow tracings; (7)
      electrocardiographic changes; and (8) myocardial venous capillary response to
      papaverine and isoproterenol. The experimental studies consistently demonstrated
      evidence of myocardial revascularization through the coronary venous system.
      Three patients with intractable angina pectoris and previous unsuccessful
      revascularization procedures underwent saphenous vein bypass grafting from the
      aorta to the coronary vein. Postoperative coronary cineangiograms showed patency
      in 2 of 4 grafts. Myocardial scanning demonstrated radioactivity in the regions
      served by the patent grafts. All patients survived and were partially or
      completely relieved of their symptoms.

PMID- 1081382
TI  - Opiate drug receptors on excitable cell membranes.
AB  - In drug interaction studies on intact mice it was found that naloxone
      (3mumoles/kg) antagonized the general central nervous system depressant effects
      of morphine or meperidine. Higher naloxone doses (0.3 and 0.4 mmoles/kg), like
      the fullagonists, potentiated the loss of the righting reflex produced by
      phenobarbital. Naloxone (0.3 to 14 muM) antagonized the depressant effects of
      morphine or meperidine on the compound action potential of frog's sartorius
      muscles in vitro. Higher naloxone concentration (ED20=0.3 mM, ED100=3.0mM), like
      the full agonists, depressed action potential production. These results show that
      high doses of naloxone can duplicate some effects of morphine or meperidine but
      at low doses it antagonizes the effects of the full agonists. This would suggest
      that naloxone is a partial agonist with a very low intrinsic activity. These
      results also indicate that there are opiate drug receptors on excitable cell
      membranes and that drug activation of these receptors inhibits action potential
      production.

PMID- 1081383
TI  - Effect of helium on membrane resistance.
AB  - Resistance measurements were made of bimolecular lipid membranes (BLM) according
      to Mueller and Rudin (10). With the addition of excitability inducing material
      (EIM), a bacterial protein, the electrical resistance of the BLM was reduced to
      within biological limits. Frog pericardium was used in the same system as a
      natural membrane comparison. Exposure of these membranes to air, oxygen and
      nitrogen resulted in no significant change in the resistance of the bilayers or
      the pericardium. Exposure to helium and helium 79%-oxygen 21% mixutre resulted in
      a significant increase in the membrane resistance.

PMID- 1081384
TI  - Cytoplasmic and outer membranes separation in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
AB  - A cell envelope fraction had been prepared after mechanical disruption of
      lysozyme-EDTA spheroplasts from depigmented Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides
      (aerobically grown in the light). On linear sucrose gradients this fraction can
      be separated in a cytoplasmic membrane fraction and an outer membrane fraction.
      The cytoplasmic fraction (buoyant density: 1.18 g/cm3) has been characterized by
      its succinic dehydrogenase activity and by its composition. The outer membrane
      fraction (buoyant density: 1.21 g/cm3) does not contain any respiratory activity
      nor hemoproteins. The same fractionation has been done on cells repigmented in
      the dark by lowering the O2 pressure. In that case the same two fractions have
      been detected in addition to the chromatophore fraction (buoyant density: 1.14
      g/cm3). However both, and specially the outer membrane fraction, were
      contaminated by chromatophore material.

PMID- 1081385
TI  - [Condensation products of nitrated heterocyclic aldehydes with oxo
      cyclopentathiophenes and oxo-tetrahydroquinolines (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081386
TI  - Postinfarction ventricular aneurysm. Successful surgical treatment.
AB  - Over a two-year period, 18 patients with postinfarction ventricular aneurysms
      were treated surgically. There were no operative or early deaths, and only one
      (5.5%) late (20 months) death. The indications for surgery included angina,
      congestive heart failure, and serious arrhythmias. Electrocardiograms and plain
      chest roentgenograms were unreliable in making the diagnosis. All patients had
      cardiac catheterization and, at operation, a definite localized aneurysm was
      demonstrable. In 15 patients (83%), coronary artery bypass grafts were performed
      at the time the aneurysm was excised. Good results should be expected from
      surgical treatment of symptomatic ventricular aneurysms. Simultaneous bypass
      grafting should be performed when indicated.

PMID- 1081387
TI  - Retroperitoneal approach for portasystemic decompression.
AB  - A left retroperitoneal approach has been developed and used to perform a renal
      splenic shunt for portal decompression in seven patients with massive variceal
      hemorrhage. In each patient, at least one intra-abdominal finding contraindicated
      a conventional transperitoneal portasystemic shunt. Retroperitoneal approach
      avoided possible complications and permitted successful portal decompression with
      cessation of bleeding in each instance. These results support the use of this
      technique when it is necessary to avoid the peritoneal cavity in a patient
      requiring portasystemic decompression.

PMID- 1081388
TI  - Long-term survival following coronary artery bypass. Analysis of 4,522
      consecutive patients.
AB  - A consecutive series of 4,522 patients who received aortocoronary bypass (ACB)
      from October 1969 through December 1974 has been analyzed with respect to
      cumulative (actuarial) survival, cause of late death, and late postoperative
      complications. Through December 1973, 2,676 patients received ACB alone.
      Cumulative survival was 85.9% for five years. Late cumulative mortality averaged
      2.7% per year. Causes of death were myocardial in origin in only 60.4% of the
      patients. Late complications of nonfatal myocardial infarction occurred in 4.1%
      of the patients, and congestive heart failure occurred in 10.2%. However,
      preoperative congestive heart failure was present in 25% of these subjects.
      Mortality in 1974 was 3.4% in patients who underwent ACB only, and 4.2% for all
      patients who received ACB procedures (1,478 patients). Comparison to previous
      medical data makes it appear that this surgery increased the actuarial survival
      over long-term follow-up.

PMID- 1081389
TI  - [The acute vestibular paralysis (author's transl)].
AB  - Acute vestibular paralysis may not be considered as a nosologic entity but as a
      syndrome. Symptomatology (vertigo, spontaneous and provoked vestibular nystagmus,
      absence of cochlear signs) shows an uniform picture. The results of the caloric
      test as well as the nystagmic responses induced by galvanic stimulation and the
      development of central vestibular compensation however indicate that the site of
      the lesion is not only confined to the labyrinth but may also occur at the level
      of the peripheral neuron or even the vestibular nuclei. Etiology and pathology
      are still vague. Our own clinical observations as well as the scarce data in
      literature about morphological and experimental studies suggest in a way that
      vascular and infectious disorders are of importance as primary releasing factors.
      Hypothetically, vestibular loss of function may either be caused by a disturbance
      of labyrinthine microcirculation, initiated in a great majority of cases by
      infection, or by a direct lesion of the peripheral neuron as well as the
      vestibular nuclei. Retrolabyrinthine lesions may be due to menigoencephalitis,
      caused by a neurotropic virus or other infectious agents such as Toxoplasma
      gondii. Acute vestibular paralysis should be strictly distinguished from
      vestibular neuronitis. While vestibular paralysis is a syndrome, vestibular
      neuronitis must be considered as a nosologic entity, including a lesion of the
      peripheral neuron as well as evidence of an infectious event.

PMID- 1081390
TI  - The management of septic arthritis in childhood.
AB  - A prospective study of one hundred children with septic arthritis showed that the
      knee and hip were the joints most affected and that Staphylococcus aureus and
      Haemophilus influenzae Type B were the commonest bacteria grown. Our treatment,
      consisting of early arthrotomy and intravenous methicillin and ampicillin,
      followed by six weeks of joint immobilization and oral administration of
      cloxacillin and ampicillin, effectively reversed the inflammatory process and
      compared very favourably with other methods of treatment. Significant residual
      joint abnormalities, present in 7% of the children, resulted from severe joint
      damage occurring before treatment. To achieve the best results, this regime must
      be instituted before permanent joint damage has occurred. This will only be
      achieved if an early clinical diagnosis of septic arthritis is made.

PMID- 1081391
TI  - Percutaneous radiofrequency gangliotomy in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia
      and other facial pain.
AB  - Thirty-eight patients with facial pain in the trigeminal distribution have been
      treated by percutaneous coagulation of the trigeminal ganglion. Although use has
      been made of radiological criteria, it has been found from the physiological data
      obtained from stimulation that motor and sensory phenomena provide more
      information of electrode placement and that good pain relief results when these
      criteria are met. The advantages of the method are: (i) minimal operative risk;
      (ii) control of the extent of the lesion created; (iii) small sensibility
      deficit; (iv) minimal complication rate; (v) short hospitalization; (vi)
      satisfactory result in more than 90% of patients; (vii) no recurrence of pain to
      date.

PMID- 1081392
TI  - Repair of ultraviolet damage in Haemophilus influenzae DNA.

PMID- 1081393
TI  - [Effect of various antiphlogistics on the activity of acid phosphatase and beta
      glucuronidase in the carrageenan inflammation of the rat paw. Histochemical
      studies].

PMID- 1081394
TI  - The inhibition of frog tissue cholinesterases and the influence of eserine and
      prostigmine on the action of acetylcholine on the frog heart.

PMID- 1081395
TI  - Interaction between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and biological membranes
      IV. Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and of various ions on the
      availability of sulfhydryl groups on lymphoid cells and mitochondrial membranes.

PMID- 1081396
TI  - Proceedings: Antismooth muscle antibody in scleroderma.

PMID- 1081397
TI  - Proceedings: Serologic abnormalities and their significance in localized
      scleroderma.

PMID- 1081398
TI  - [Use of pitressin in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding. Report of a
      case].

PMID- 1081399
TI  - Acute coronary insufficiency. An urgent surgical condition.
AB  - In 41 of 220 consecutive patients who had a coronary artery bypass operation
      between July 1973 and March 1974 the operation was for acute coronary
      insufficiency (recurrent chest pain with transient electrocardiographic changes
      persisting after admission to hospital). Their mean age was 54 (range 33-70
      years). Eleven patients had had angina before, 14 had had at least one myocardial
      infarction, and 16 presented de novo. Eight of the latter 16 patients required
      only a single graft, usually to the left anterior descending artery, a
      significantly greater number than the two of the other 25 patients (P less than
      0.01). Fourteen of these 16 patients had normal ventricular contraction, a
      significantly higher proportion than the 13 of the remaining 25 (p less than
      0.05). No collaterals were seen in any of the 10 with single-vessel disease,
      which was significantly fewer than five out of 18 with double- and nine out of 13
      with triple-vessel disease (P less than 0.005). Patients with rapidly developing
      obstruction, especially in the proximal left anterior descending artery, may not
      have time to develop collaterals,  present acutely with good ventricular
      function, and may be particularly at risk. There was no operative mortality. The
      patients had a perioperative myocardial infarction, and there was one late death.
      At follow-up averaging 9-7 months (range 5-14 months) 32 (80%) patients were
      angina-free, no myocardial infarctions had occurred, and 85% were fully employed.
      Urgent coronary artery bypass grafting is a safe and effective treatment for
      acute coronary insufficiency.

PMID- 1081400
TI  - Puerperal tuberculosis.

PMID- 1081401
TI  - Pseudoxanthomatous mastocytosis.
AB  - A case of xanthelasmoidea (pseudoxanthomatous mastocytosis) occurring in a 50
      year-old Iranian man is described. The patient had a large upper gastrointestinal
      haemorrhage.

PMID- 1081402
TI  - Immunohistological studies, with anti-connective tissue and anti-immunoglobulin
      antisera, of the skin in lupus erythematosus and scleroderma.
AB  - Skin lesions from six patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, five patients
      with discoid lupus erythematosus, twelve patients with systemic sclerosis, five
      patients with localized morphoea and twenty controls were examined by
      immunohistological techniques using fluorescein-labelled anti-human IgG, anti
      human C3 and anti-human renal glomerulus antisera. The major immunohistological
      changes in systemic sclerosis and in localized morphoea consisted of foci of
      intercollagenous staining for connective tissue antigens in the reticular layer
      of the dermis. It is suggested that these findings indicate collagen neogenesis.
      In lupus erythematosus the major changes occur in the dermo-epidermal junction
      and consist of deposits of IgG and C3 and thickening and disruption of the
      membrane as demonstrated by the use of heterologous sera containing antibasement
      membrane antibodies. Immunohistological techniques are useful in the diagnostic
      differentiation between scleroderma and lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1081403
TI  - Heterogeneity in biological activity of human factor VIII antibodies.
AB  - Antibodies against factor VIII collected from six patients were studied for their
      effect on factor-VIII coagulant activity, Willebrand factor activity (WF) and
      factor-VIII-related antigen. The results demonstrate differences between
      individual antibodies; some acting primarily as anti factor VIII, others
      inhibiting both after VIII and WF. Differences in effect between plasma and serum
      indicate that the process of coagulation alters the interaction of these
      antibodies.

PMID- 1081404
TI  - The von Willebrand syndrome.
AB  - Five patients with an original diagnosis of von Willebrand's disease are
      described because of their levels of factor VIII related protein, Ristocetin
      induced platelet aggregation and/or family studies differed from the main group
      of patients with classical von Willebrand's disease. Two had normal levels of
      factor VIII related protein with reduced Ristocetin aggregation when this was
      tested in platelet rich plasma. In one, however, this was due to a plasma defect
      and in the other to a platelet abnormality. After cryoprecipitate infusion all
      abnormal tests were corrected in both these patients. The first patient, however,
      failed to show a secondary rise of factor VIII whereas the second showed a
      secondary rise of both factor VIII and of factor VIII related protein. The other
      three cases, who were all very severely affected, have been separated from the
      main group as none of their families was segregating for classical von
      Willebrand's disease. It is suggested that the term von Willebrand's disease
      should be confined to those patients who have reduced factor VIII related protein
      and Ristocetin aggregation, and that von Willebrand's syndrome should be used for
      the various sub-groups that are emerging.

PMID- 1081405
TI  - Senile pseudoexfoliation in aphakic eyes.
AB  - In three eyes which underwent cataract extraction no evidence of senile
      pseudoexfoliation was found either before, or immediately after, surgery in spite
      of repeated biomicroscopical examination under full mydriasis. Years later
      pseudoexfoliative material was found on the anterior hyaloid and on the pupillary
      border. In another case, wherein the lens was traumatically dislocated and had
      lain in the inferior vitreous chamber for 53 years, pseudoexfoliative material
      was present on the anterior hyaloid, but not in the vitreous. Collating these
      clinical observations with data from electron and light microscopy studies, the
      authors refute the assumption that lens epithelium is the source of
      pseudoexfoliative material.

PMID- 1081406
TI  - Dematiaceous fungal keratitis. Clinical isolates and management.
AB  - Clinical and laboratory features of 16 cases of keratitis that were caused by
      dematiaceous pigmented fungi are reported. Management, including the treatment of
      nine cases with Natamycin (Pimaricin), resulted in corneal healing in 14 cases,
      and therapeutic surgery in two cases.

PMID- 1081407
TI  - The management of patients with the Kasabach-Merritt syndrome.
AB  - The Kasabach-Merritt syndrome comprises consumption coagulation associated with
      giant haemangioma. A case is reported of disseminated intravascular coagulation
      complicating dental extraction in a 36-year-old male with this syndrome. The pre
      operative management with anticoagulant therapy is discussed and the relevant
      literature reviewed.

PMID- 1081408
TI  - [Study of nucleoside phosphorescence with a phosphorescent microscope].
AB  - Phosphorescence of ribonucleosides and desoxyribonucleosides is studied. The
      phosphorescence spectra of polycrystalline powders of adenosine, guanosine,
      thymidine, uridine, cytidine, desoxyadenosine, desoxyguanosine and desoxycytidine
      are recorded at -175 degrees C as well as the decay curves at -175 degrees C. The
      phosphorescence spectrum of guanosine is also recorded at room temperature. The
      decay times of phosphorescence of adenosine and cytidine are determined at room
      temperature too. Obtained values of pi for nucleosides are shorter than those for
      nucleic acid bases.

PMID- 1081409
TI  - [Absorption spectra of nucleic acids and related compounds in the spectral region
      120--280 nm].
AB  - The absorption spectra of thin films of nucleic acids, nucleosides, nucleotides,
      D-ribose, Na3PO4 in vacuum ultraviolet region are measured. In the spectral
      region 280--160 nm the absorption spectra consist of the bands of nucleic acid
      bases. In the range shorter than 160 nm the absorption is determined by phosphate
      and D-ribose groups. The methods of thin films preparation are discussed.

PMID- 1081410
TI  - Classification of lymphocytes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) biopsies.
AB  - Seven biopsies taken from nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues were analyzed with
      regard to infiltrating B or T lymphocytes. The vast majority of these cells had
      the capacity to form SRBC rosettes (mean 87%) and were thus classified as T
      cells. Varying proportions of these were blast-transformed suggesting that they
      represented a host response against the tumor.

PMID- 1081411
TI  - Measurement of the number of bone marrow multipotential stem cells in AKR
      leukaemic mice.
AB  - Using the anti-theta serum to eliminate leukaemic cells, it was possible to
      assess the number of colony-forming units in the bone marrow of AKR leukaemic
      mice. It was found that the number of CFUs decreased in leukaemic mice.

PMID- 1081412
TI  - [Separation of antirubella IGM antibodies by affinity chromatography].
AB  - The separation of IgM globulins by affinity chromatography has been used for
      serodiagnosis of primary infections with rubella or measles virus. IgM antibody
      activity levels are similar to those obtained when the separation has been
      performed by ultracentrifugation. The results of 50 cases examined by the two
      separation methods are in agreement. However, affinity chromatography is more
      specific than gel filtration methods and requires a smaller amount of serum. The
      anti-human IgM globulins, covalently bound to activated Sepharose, maintain their
      binding capacity to IgM for a long period; and the same gel could be used more
      than 40 times. Due to its specificity, sensitivity and reliability, affinity
      chromatography is an efficient tool for routine laboratory diagnosis of a recent
      primary infection.

PMID- 1081413
TI  - [Effect of anti-inflammatory preparations on the process of thermogenesis in
      blood erythrocytes].
AB  - The authors studied the influence of the main antiphlogistic agents
      (prednisolone, acetylsalicylic acid, rheopyrine, chloroquine and indomethacine)
      on the thermal effect of the peripheral blood erythrocytes in man. It was found
      that only chloroquine possessed a significant inhibitory effect. This fact
      pointed to the inhibition by chloroquine of energy production in the process of
      glycolysis, which could be regarded as one of the factors of the therapeutic
      action of this preparation.

PMID- 1081414
TI  - Use of logic-based flow patterns in the investigation and management of surgical
      disorders.
AB  - The principles used in the development of logic-based flow charts for use by
      computer have been applied to the decision-making processes encountered in
      surgical disorders. Such charts do not attempt to alter one's decisions, but
      rather present a more logical approach to a given problem, based on past
      experience. It has been shown that the use of flow charts may be of material
      benefit to the patient, as well as having other advantages.

PMID- 1081415
TI  - Meckel's bleeding diverticulum diagnosed by mesenteric arteriography.
AB  - The details of a young adult patient who presented with chronic gastro-intestinal
      blood loss as a complication of Meckel's diverticulum are reported. A
      preoperative diagnosis was made using superior mesenteric arteriography. The
      merits of superior mesenteric arteriography and other investigations currently
      available in the diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum are discussed.

PMID- 1081416
TI  - Inflammatory disease and its control in rheumatic disorders.

PMID- 1081417
TI  - Comparison of fibreoptic endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in
      Africans and Europeans.
AB  - The results of endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage were
      compared in a group of 138 Africans and one of 84 Europeans. Contrary to widely
      held clinical opinion, the incidence of gastric and duodenal ulceration was
      similar in the two races. Peptic ulcers were the main source of bleeding in both
      groups and were surprisingly more common than varices in the Africans. Bleeding
      from varices, however, was far more common in the Africans than in the Europeans.
      Stomal ulcers were confined to Europeans. Gastric erosions, often attributed to
      herbal medicines, were more common in the Africans but the difference was not
      significant. The study was not designed to determine reduced mortality since the
      introduction of endoscopy, but management, especially in the Africans, was aided
      by early recognition of haemorrhage from oesophageal varices and acute gastric
      erosions.

PMID- 1081418
TI  - Editorial: After type B hepatitis.

PMID- 1081419
TI  - Willebrand factor in von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1081420
TI  - Isoimmune haemolysis in pathogenesis of anaemia after cardiac surgery.
AB  - A patient who had received multiple transfusions developed antiglobulin-positive
      haemolytic anaemia due to a delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction. Many cases
      of haemolytic anaemia after cardiac surgery could be explained on this basis.

PMID- 1081421
TI  - Editorial: Management of acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 1081422
TI  - Endoscopic removal of a duodenal foreign body.

PMID- 1081423
TI  - Antitrichomonal antibody in the vaginal secretions of women infected with T.
      vaginalis.
AB  - Vaginal secretions from 508 women were examined for evidence of infection by
      Trichomonas vaginalis, and for antibodies directed against this organism; 42
      women (8-3 per cent.) were found to be infected. Secretions from 29 of these
      women were assayed and antibody apparently directed against T. vaginalis was
      found in 22 (76 per cent.) of them. Eight out of nineteen secretions (42 per
      cent.) from apparently uninfected women also contained antibody. Amongst the
      infected women, no correlation could be found between the presence or absence of
      antibody and the degree of inflammation, duration of symptoms, use of oral
      contraceptives, or additional sexually-transmitted disease; there was, however, a
      slight suggestion that low parasite counts in the vaginal secretions were
      associated with the presence of antitrichomonal antibody.

PMID- 1081424
TI  - Effect of light stimulation on the synthesis and release of GABA in rat and frog
      retinae.
AB  - The effect of light stimulation on the incorporation of label from [14C]glucose
      and [3H]acetate into aspartate, glutamate, glutamine and GABA, both in vivo and
      in vitro, was studied in dark-adapted frog and rat retinae. With [14C]glucose as
      the precursor, but not with [3H]acetate, flashes of light appeared to increase
      the in vivo syntheses of both GABA and glutamine at the expense of glutamate in
      frog retina, while attenuating the labelling of aspartate and glutamate in
      isolated frog tissues. Amino acid synthesis from these radioactive substrates in
      rat retina was not altered under these conditions. Also, the turnover rates of
      amino acids derived from [14C]-glucose in rat retina in vivo were closely similar
      in light and darkness. Isolated retinae from both species accumulated [14C]GABA
      from the incubation medium. In each case the subsequent release of this compound
      was augmented by electric field stimulation, high K+ and by a high concentration
      of cold GABA in the medium, but not by a flashing light. Similarly, application
      of a light stimulus was unable to evoke the liberation of [14C]GABA derived from
      [14C]glucose in either species.

PMID- 1081425
TI  - [Serum alpha1-antitrypsin in bronchopulmonary diseases and its changes in the
      course of cortisone treatment].

PMID- 1081426
TI  - The effect of fluoride alone or fluoride followed by calcium and vitamin D on
      disuse osteoporosis of the rat tail vertebrae.
AB  - The therapeutic effect of fluoride alone or fluoride followed by calcium and
      vitamin D administration on the osteoporosis induced by immobilization of the rat
      tail vertebrae was investigated. Tail immobilization was carried out by
      musclectomy and tendectomy. After 60 days of immobilization, the vertebrae were
      examined for bone mass, breaking strength, ash percentage and Ca, P and F
      content. NaF or Ca and vitamin D as separate treatments improved the osteoporosis
      induced by immobilization. The effects of NaF treatment were more pronounced than
      those of Ca and vitamin D. NaF and NaF followed by Ca and vitamin D produced a
      similar degree of improvement in breaking strength. The fact that fluoride and
      calcium and vitamin D were administered separately and sequentially may explain
      the absence of a synergistic effect.

PMID- 1081427
TI  - An efferent effect on a rhythmic response in the frog retina.
AB  - Extracellular recordings made from class III ganglion cells demonstrated a
      rhythmic bursting firing pattern in response to the offset of a mesopic level
      stimulus of 15, 30, and 90-s duration. The average bursting frequency was found
      to be 12.8 +/- 0.3 bursts per second. The bursts of action potentials had a
      duration of 0.047 +/- 0.002 s and separated by silent periods of 0.028 +/- 0.006
      s. When a reversible cold block was applied to the optic chiasma, the rhythmic
      bursting pattern was replaced with a firing pattern that appeared random,
      indicating that efferent fibers to the retina might regulate the rhythmic
      response.

PMID- 1081428
TI  - Bactericidal substance produced by Haemophilus influenzae b.
AB  - During bacteriophage studies on Haemophilus influenzer, it was observed that
      encapsulated type b and unencapsulated Rb strains released a bactericidal
      substance acitve against types a, c, d, e, and f H. influenzae, non-typable H.
      influenzae strains, other Haemophilus species, and certain members of the
      Enterobacteriaceae. The bactericidal activity was assayed by a plaque test
      utilizing an Rd strain as an indicator lawn and was also demonstrated in mixed
      broth cultures of a producer strain and an indicator strain. Immediately lysis of
      sensitive bacteria by the factor was not evident. The factor is sensitive to
      trypsin but resistant to deoxyribonuclease, treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol,
      lipase, alpha-amylase, and heating in a 100 degrees C water bath for 20 min. The
      activity is not dependent upon increased Ca2+ or Mg2+ concentration as is
      necessary for HP1C1 and S2 phage propagation. The bactericidal factor is not
      pelleted by high-speed centrifugation at 150,000  X g for 6 h. Treatment with
      ultraviolet light or mitomycin C does not result in observable phage, phage-like
      particles, or increased bactericidal activity. T-HE BACTERICIDAL FACTOR IS NOT A
      TYPICAL SMALL MOLECULAR WEIGHT "COLICIN-LIKE" BACTERiocin in that it is not
      inducible, has a wider range of activity, and does not kill by "single-hit"
      kinetics. On preliminary characterization, it is a thermostable protein toxic to
      certain bacterial strains.

PMID- 1081430
TI  - Impending myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1081429
TI  - Changes in the mitogen response of lymphoid cells with progressive tumor growth.
AB  - The response of spleen and lymph node cells from tumor-bearing animals to a
      variety of mitogens was measured. It was found that progressive tumor growth
      diminished the reactivity of spleen cells to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin.
      Lymph node cells from the same animal were not consistently so affected. The
      reactivity of spleen cells from tumor-bearing donors to concanavalin A was
      somewhat depressed, while stimulation by bone marrow-derived lymphocyte mitogens
      such as endotoxin and pokeweed mitogen was in some cases enhanced. Theta antigen
      expression in tumor bearer spleens was found to decline steadily after 7 days of
      tumor growth. Cytological analysis revealed that the normal structure of the
      spleens of tumor animals was infiltrated by myeloid elements. The changes
      described occurred regardless of whether the tumors were chemically or virally
      induced. Excision of tumors after long periods of growth resulted in prompt
      return of splenic phytohemagglutinin sensitivity. The data suggests that loss or
      incapacitation of parts of the normal thymus-derived lymphocyte components may
      occur in the spleens of animals with progressive neoplastic growth.

PMID- 1081431
TI  - Serum levels of colony stimulating factor(s) and the growth of bone marrow cells
      in diffusion chambers.
AB  - Fluctuations in the body fluids of long-ranged humoral substance(s) capable of
      stimulating the growth of bone marrow granulocytic and macrophage-like cells in
      diffusion chamber cultures in vivo, was observed after whole body irradiation of
      mice. The fluctuation pattern was similar to that of the in vitro colony
      stimulating factor(s) of the sera of irradiated mice which indicates a relation
      between in vivo and in vitro active factor(s).

PMID- 1081432
TI  - The presence of a CSF enhancing activity in the serum of endotoxin-treated mice.
AB  - Serum taken from mice a few hours after injection of endotoxin is a potent source
      of a stimulator of in vitro myelopoiesis. By means of dose-response studies, the
      biological activity of this material was compared to that of a colony stimulating
      factor (CSF) from pregnant mouse uteri. Postendotoxin serum appears to contain
      two different activities: a stimulating activity which may be identical to CSF
      and an activity which augments the action of CSF. The separate nature of the two
      activities is demonstrated by differences in the rate at which they are diluted
      out and by differences in the time at which they are maximally present after
      indotoxin administration. It is therefore concluded that the colony-stimulating
      properties of postendotoxin serum are not due solely to CSF present in the serum.

PMID- 1081433
TI  - Ultrastructure of the stellate cell in the pars intermedia of the frog, Rana
      pipiens.
AB  - Stellate cells in the pars intermedia of adult Rana pipiens black-and-white
      background adapted for 14 days were studied by electron microscopy. This cell
      type forms a capsule around the secretory cells at the surface of the gland; it
      also lines the perivascular spaces between the pars intermedia and pars nervosa.
      The cells are characterized by the lack of well-developed secretory organelles
      and by the presence of long procesees which extend into the intercellular spaces
      of the secretory cells and reach the surface of the gland and the perivascular
      spaces. Occasional desmosomes link the stellate cells to adjacent cells; bundles
      of microfilaments occur frequently. Microtubules run parallel to the long axis of
      the cell processes. In light of the possibility that the stellate cells might be
      involved in transfer of substances to and from the melanophore-stimulating
      hormone (MSH) secretory cells, they were studied for indications of membrane
      activity. The stellate cell plasma membranes abutting the pericapillary spaces
      showed intense micropinocytotic vesicle activity. Also at the gland surface the
      electron-lucent vesicles were common at the plasma membranes of the stellate
      cells. Along the plasma membranes of the stellate cell processes extending
      between the secretory cells were vesicles which were somewhat electron-dense.
      This membrane activity would suggest an active role for these cells in addition
      to a sustentacular role.

PMID- 1081435
TI  - [Evaluation of the degree of color perception disorder in the out-patient
      practice].

PMID- 1081434
TI  - Report of a patient with T-cell deficiency and normal B-cell function: a new
      immunodeficiency disease with response to transfer factor.

PMID- 1081436
TI  - Potassium influx in the frog atrium during the cardiac cycle.
AB  - A method for measuring inwardly directed transmembrane tracer flow during the
      cardiac cycle was developed and applied to a study of 42K influx in frog atrial
      trabeculae. A fine frog atrial fiber was suspended in a stream of nonisotopic
      perfusate into which a smaller tracer-containing bolus could be injected,
      subjecting the fiber to a brief, controlled exposure to the tracer at any desired
      point in the cardiac cycle. In an experiment, the tissue was exposed to a fixed
      number of radioactive pulses at a selected point in the cardiac cycle; a brief
      flush with nonradioactive perfusate removed ambient and extracellular label and
      an extended wash and removed the remaining intracellular tracer for radioassay.
      The same procedure was repeated at different points in the cycle, and the
      resulting tracer uptake at each point measured the relative influx of the
      particular ion. In this way, a characteristic and reproducible 42K influx profile
      was demonstrated which exhibited a marked drop below diastolic values during the
      first 500 msec or so of the action potential followed by a rise and an overshoot
      above resting values. The time of return to the resting level was somewhat
      uncertain but was tentatively placed in the vicinity of rapid repolarization. We
      suggest that the rise and the overshoot reflect the activity of the membrane Na+,
      K+-adenosinetriphosphatase.

PMID- 1081437
TI  - Physiology of neutrophil proliferation, maturation and circulation.

PMID- 1081438
TI  - The potential for an improved prognosis with chemotherapy in osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Effective chemotherapeutic agents administered shortly after definitive primary
      treatment to patients with osteogenic sarcoma have altered the natural history of
      the disease. In contrast to past experience, pulmonary metastases fail to develop
      in the overwhelming majority of patients receiving treatment with chemotherapy.
      Patients with established pulmonary metastases have also been salvaged. The
      therapeutic strategy advocated for different categories of patients is outlined.
      Although chemotherapy involves additional hospitalization and inconvenience, this
      additional mode of treatment appears to be the only mechanism by which a
      substantial improvement in survival of osteogenic sarcoma can presently be
      achieved.

PMID- 1081439
TI  - Hemophilus influenzae septic arthritis in infants and children.

PMID- 1081440
TI  - The lymphocyte response in Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Fifty cases of Hodgkin's disease have been investigated using the lymphocyte
      transformation response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) as a mesure of their
      immunological reaction. The average response of all the cases was lower than that
      of the controls and lower than that of cases of carcinoma from all sites. Cases
      of Hodgkin's disease which had been treated previously with radiotherapy and/or
      chemotherapy had a markedly lower response than that of the untreated cases.
      There was no definite correlation between the stage of the disease and the
      lymphocyte response with PHA. Seven cases were also tested with pokeweek mitogen
      (PWM) and the response of the lymphocytes to PWM was found to parallel that of
      the PHA.

PMID- 1081441
TI  - The twenty-four hour pneumoencephalogram: with particular reference to
      ventricular size a series of 150 patients and a review of the literature.
AB  - A series of 150 pneumoencephalograms which included 24 h films was reviewed to
      evaluate previous contradictory reports concerning changes in ventricular size at
      24 h and to establish whether it is useful to obtain these follow-up films. In
      normal patients the changes in the ventricular index one day following the
      pneumoencephalogram ranged between -4-1 to +6-4% of the initial index.
      Statistically significant dilatation of the frontal horns of the lateral
      ventricles was observed in both patients who had dementia and central atrophy,
      and in those with normal pressure hydrocephalus. This ventricular enlargement was
      associated with deterioration in neurological status in some cases. Since
      ventricular enlargement at 24 h occurs in patients both with normal pressure
      hydrocephalus and with cerebral atrophy with hydrocephalus, it cannot be used to
      differentiate between these conditions although the most marked changes have been
      seen in the former. Significant dilatation did not occur in patients without
      intracranial disease, with cortical atrophy without hydrocephalus, or in a
      miscellaneous group. In patients with a history of trauma, enlargement at 24 h
      occurred only when there was some other encephalographic abnormality. The changes
      in size of the ventricles were not related to the age of the patient, the volume
      of the injected air, or to the presnece of subdural air. There were other
      findings on the follow=up radiographs. Cortical atrophy was more clearly
      demonstrated than on the filling films. Dilatation of the temporal horns, of
      questionable diagnostic significance, was not infrequently observed 24 h after
      air injection. The mechanisms of these changes are discussed; no single theory
      provides a complete explanation.

PMID- 1081442
TI  - Prevalance of malocclusion in young Finnish Skolt-Lapps.
AB  - Two hundred Skolt Lapps aged 8 to 16 years were examined for malocclusion with
      the aid of intraoral radiography and dental casts. The frequency of loss of
      permanent teeth was high, particularly of the first molars. Also, many teeth were
      severely defective because of caries. Hypodontia was very common. The frequency
      of tipped and rotated teeth was high, probably as a consequence of the frequent
      loss of neighboring teeth. Space and occlusal anomalies were roughly as common as
      in urbanized Swedish and Danish materials. The need for orthodontic treatment,
      judged on a 5-grade scale by one examiner, was found to be greater than in
      Swedish materials.

PMID- 1081443
TI  - The comparative evaluation of methoxyflurane and diethyl ether action upon an
      active sodium transport across isolated frog skin preparation.
AB  - The experiments were performed in vitro using the frog skin preparations and
      Ussing method. The effect of methoxyflurane was investigated in 18 sections and
      that of diethyl ether in 16 sections. Both the anaesthetics were found to affect
      the frog skin preparation in qualitatively similar way. They both demonstrated a
      two-phase character of action. Decrease in active sodium transport is preceeded
      by a transient increase in bioelectric indices of the membrane. The effect was
      reversible after removing of the drugs from the medium. In order to determine the
      mechanism of action of the two anaesthetics they were given in combination with
      ADH and insulin. It was found that the mechanism of action of both the drugs is
      not analogical to any of the hormones examined, at least, as far as the first
      phase of action is concerned.

PMID- 1081444
TI  - Seasonal differences in drug- and temperature-dependent changes of the sodium
      transport across the isolated frog skin.
AB  - In two series of experiments, one conducted in the spring (May-June) and the
      other in the fall (September-November), the influence of raising temperature of
      the medium and of vasopressin, insulin and ethacrynic acid on polarized sodium
      transport in the epithelium of frog skin in vitro was studied. Net sodium
      transport was determined electrometrically, and active and passive components of
      transport by the isotope method. Raising temperature markedly increased both
      components, as well as net flux and electric potential of the membrane in the
      spring months, but not in the fall. Regardless of the character and extent of the
      effect on transport, raising temperature of the medium had no qualitative or
      quantitative influence on the action of vasopressin, insulin or ethacrynic acid.

PMID- 1081445
TI  - Rheumatoid spondylitis, aortic insufficiency, and coronary artery disease: an
      operable combination.

PMID- 1081446
TI  - Treatment of severe coronary artery disease with quadruple and quintuple
      saphenous vein grafts. Review of 100 consecutive patients.
AB  - In order to establish the anatomic criteria, the functional results, and the
      safety of complete myocardial revascularization for severe coronary artery
      disease, 100 consecutive patients who received four or five saphenous-vein grafts
      were analyzed. Ages ranged from 37 to 75 years (mean, 56 years). Men predominated
      by a ratio of 12:1. As an indication of the severity of multiple-vessel disease,
      28 percent were in functional class 4, and left ventricular function was
      classified as good in 47 percent, as fair in 44 percent, and as poor in 8
      percent. Coronary arterial scores ranged from 9 to 15 (average, 12.2). Fourteen
      patients had significant left main coronary arterial obstruction. All 100
      patients had grafts to the left anterior descending coronary artery; 96 to the
      right coronary artery; 94 to the obtuse marginal branch of the circumflex; 78 to
      a diagonal branch of the left anterior descending; and 27 to the distal
      circumflex. Operative mortality was 5 percent. Nonfatal perioperative myocardial
      infarction occurred in 10 percent, and only one of these had low cardiac output.
      Follow-up from 5 to 23 months showed 95 percent of the patients to be improved,
      with 70 percent free of angina. Two late deaths occurred, for an overall
      mortality of 7 percent.

PMID- 1081447
TI  - The experimental and clinical use of intravitreal antibiotics to treat bacterial
      and fungal endophthalmitis.
AB  - The experimental data involving the use of 14 antibacterial and two antifungal
      agents have been used to establish a rationale for the management of human
      endophthalmitis. Twelve cases of endophthalmitis treated under our supervision
      have been described in detail. The eventual visual outcome is related to two
      factors: (1) time interval between diagnosis and institution of adequate therapy,
      and (2) the severity of the organism and its ability to produce exotoxins and
      proteolytic enzymes. Eleven of 12 cases were cured with the recommended dosages
      of gentamicin and dexamethasone (400 mcg and 360 mcg, respectively). Eight of the
      12 patients retained useful vision of 20/200 or better.

PMID- 1081448
TI  - [Timely vaccination by active immunization in childhood (immunization schedule)].

PMID- 1081449
TI  - [Fatal course of generalized BCG histiocytosis in congenital immune deficiency
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Severe combined X-linked immune deficiency ended fatally in a six-month-old male
      infant after generalized BCG infection. Damage in the cell-bound thymus-dependent
      immune system is decisive in the development of "BCG histiocytosis". As a result
      of absent immunocompetent sensitized T-lymphocytes there is insufficient
      information and stimulation of macrophages to kill the micro-organsims. The
      disorder of bactericidal properties of macrophages results in an overwhelming
      infection with BCG bacteria with a characteristic morphological picture.

PMID- 1081450
TI  - Binding by thyroid hormones by nuclei of cells from bullfrog tadpole tail fins.
AB  - The regression of the tadpole tail is under the direct control of the thyroid
      hormones and offers a unique system for the study of the action of these
      hormones. We have examined the binding of L-triiodothyronine (T3) and L-thyroxine
      (T4) in vitro using tail fin bricks which included epidermal and connective
      cells. The binding of 125I-labeled hormones was followed in both nuclear and
      extranuclear fractions. High affinity and limited capacity sites for T3 and T4
      were observed only for the nuclear fraction. Scatchard plots gave similar
      apparent dissociation constants for both hormones, about 10(-10)M. The maximum
      number of binding sites per nucleus for T3 was about 1500 and for T4 about 800.
      There was no significant change in the chemical identity of [125I]T3 and [125I]T4
      which was associated with binding in the nuclei. Nuclear binding of [125I]T4 was
      inhibited competitively for both unlabeled T3 and T4, but unlabeled T3 displaced
      [125I]T3 significantly more than unlabeled T4. Thus, both binding and competition
      data support the conclusion that tadpole tail nuclei had more T3 than T4 binding
      sites.

PMID- 1081451
TI  - Binding of thyroxine and triiodothyronine by nuclei of isolated tadpole liver
      cells.
AB  - The binding of L-triiodothyronine (T3) and L-thyroxine (T4) to cytoplasm and
      nuclei has been studied in isolated Rana catesbeiana tadpole liver cells. Nuclear
      binding for both thyroid hormones occurred more slowly at 4 C than at 25 C, but
      reached the same level as at 25 S. Scatchard analyses suggest high affinity,
      saturable binding sites for both hormones in the nuclear but not in the
      cytoplasmic fraction. Apparent equilibrium dissociation constants were 6.8 X 10(
      10)M and 4.6 X 10(-10)M for T3 and T4, respectively. The maximum number of
      binding sites per nucleus for T3 was about 12,300 and for T4 about 2,300.
      Unlabeled T3 competed for the binding of [125I]T3 to nuclei more effectively than
      unlabeled T4. No difference in the competition of [125I]T4 binding with non
      radioactive T3 or T4 was found. Chromatographic analysis of the bound nuclear
      radioactivity demonstrated no chemical modification for either hormone.

PMID- 1081452
TI  - Transport of amino acids in membrane vesicles of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides
      energized by respiratory and cyclic electron flow.
AB  - Active transport of amino acids in whole cells and membrane vesicles from the
      facultative photo-synthetic bacterium Rhodopseduomonas spheroides is coupled to
      electron flow in the respiratory chain and in the cyclic electron transfer
      system. In vesicles made from cells grown aerobically in the dark transport of
      amino acids is most effectively energized by the oxidation of NADH and to a
      lesser extent by ascorbate or succinate in the presence of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl
      1, 4-phenyldiamine dihydrochloride or by ascorbate + phenazine methosulphate via
      the respiratory chain with oxygen as terminal electron acceptor. In membrane
      vesicles from cells grown anaerobically in the light the energy for active
      transport of amino acids is supplied upon illumination by photo-oxidation of
      bacteriochlorophyll and subsequent electron flow through the cyclic electron
      transfer system. The initial rate of transport increases with the light intensity
      upto saturation levels. In both vesicle preparations, inhibitors of electron
      transfer flow inhibit amino acid uptake. In order to obtain light-driven amino
      acid transport the isolation of membrane vesicles needs to be performed in a
      medium with a redox potential between 0 and 100 mV. Illumination of vesicles made
      from cells grown anaerobically in the light results in the generation of a
      membrane potential as is indicated by the uptake of the lipophylic cation
      triphenyl-methylphosphonium.

PMID- 1081453
TI  - Nucleo-cytoplasmic exchange of non-histone proteins in amphibian embryos.

PMID- 1081454
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and adenosine deaminase in human
      lymphoblastoid cell lines.

PMID- 1081455
TI  - Amplification of colony stimulating activity in human serum by interaction with
      CSA from other sources.
AB  - An enhancing interaction of a human serum factor with other sources of colony
      stimulating activity (CSA) is described. Using a mouse colony forming cell assay,
      the enhancing effect of human serum was observed with suboptimal doses of colony
      stimulating material from monocytic cell feeder layers, supernatant from
      peripheral monocytic cells, and L cell supernatant. The enhancing factor is heat
      stable, is not dialyzable and is not extractable by ether. The enhancing
      phenomenon does not require the presence of viable cells in the feeder layers.
      The observation of enhancing interaction makes interpretation of all data from
      CSA stimulation experiments more complex than previously appreciated.

PMID- 1081456
TI  - Colony stimulating factor and the regulation of granulopoiesis and macrophage
      production.
AB  - The growth and differentiation of  colonies of granulocytes and/or macrophages in
      semisolid cultures of hemopoietic cells requires the presence of "colony
      stimulating" factors (CS factors). Colony stimulating factors are found in serum,
      urine and certain tissues, and in media "conditioned" by certain cells in
      culture. A procedure has been developed for purification of CS factor from human
      urine. The 100,000-fold purified product is active on mouse bone marrow cells at
      less than or equal to 10(-11) M but is only partially purified. Polydispersity of
      activity has made further purification difficult and may necessitate use of
      biologically selective techniques such as immunosorbent chromatography. Knowledge
      of the properties of human urinary CS factor has been derived from the in vitro
      assay of biological activity following various treatments. It appears to be a
      sialic acid-containing glycoprotein of molecular weight 45,000-60,000 daltons
      that migrates electrophoretically between alpha1 globulin and albumin. Highly
      purified CS factor preparations can be iodinated with five atoms of iodine per
      molecule of protein without loss of biological activity. Neutralizing antibody to
      human urinary CS factor neutralizes CS factor from other human and monkey
      sources. Higher concentrations of antiserum are required for neutralization of
      murine CS factor. Human urinary CS factor has similar properties to human and
      murine CS factors that stimulate the early appearance of macrophages in murine
      colonies. It is physically distinct from CS factors that stimulate the formation
      of pure granulocytic colonies by murine or human hemopoietic cells. Purified CS
      factor of the human urinary type is being used to investigate the nature of the
      interaction of CS factor with target cells and its physiological role in vivo.

PMID- 1081457
TI  - [Responses of the units of the nerve of the frog semicircular canal to caloric
      stimuli of changing amplitude].
AB  - In curarized frogs, responses of isolated neural units of the lateral
      semicircular canal (LSC) to short local caloric stimuli of different amplitudes
      (0.5--12.0 degrees C over the canal temperature) inducing excitatory current of
      endolymph in the LSC, were studied. Estimation of maximal (peak) frequences (PF)
      in the responses showed the PFs in responses of 52% units (group A) to be either
      linearly or semilogarithmically related to peak temperature (PT). In 22% units
      (group B), PFs revealed saturation at PT8--12 degrees C. In 25% units (group C)
      PFs were related to PT first in direct and then--along with increase of PT--in
      reverse proportion. Duration of the group A responses is linearly for
      semilogarithmically related to PT. This was not observed in groups B and C. Two
      cases of correlation between spontaneous activity and dynamic characteristics of
      units from groups A and C were found. The results are in agreement with the
      literature references concerning data obtained in frogs using angular
      acceleration and stop-stimuli. The controlled caloric stimulus was concluded to
      be convenient for studying the dynamic characteristics of the semicircular canals
      afferents.

PMID- 1081458
TI  - [The relationship between changes in the temporal and frequency characteristics
      of parasympathetic nerve activity and effects on the heart].
AB  - Changes of chronotropic effect on the frog heart on stimulation of part of
      extracardiac pathways, were studied. On the 10/sec stimulation during 1.5 sec,
      cardioinhibitory effect occurred. On 0.2 sec duration of the stimulation the
      positive chronotropic effect was observed. The heart rate increased on the 3/sec
      stimulation of the undegenerating extracardiac fibers by the 21st day after
      bilateral vagotomy; of the frequency of the stimulation was increased to 10/sec,
      the negative chronotropic effect occurred, and sympathectomy and the reserpine
      injection had no influence on the positive chrontropic effects. Both the negative
      and positive chronotropic effects could be prevented by atropine. The different
      chrontropic effects on the heart are, probably, due to activity of but a single
      functional type of fibers: the parasympathetic nervous fibers.

PMID- 1081459
TI  - Hemodynamic evaluation of patients with intrahepatic portal hypertension.
      Relationship between bleeding varices and the portohepatic gradient.
AB  - Between January 1970 and December 1974, 389 patients presenting an upper
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage had an emergency fiberoptic esophagogastroscopy at
      the time of bleeding. In 103 cases, esophageal and/or gastric varices were
      visualized and in 46 of these cases, bleeding originiated from varices.
      Hemodynamic data was available in 19 cases of intrahepatic portal hypertension
      who had bled from varices. Combined hepatic and umbilicoportal catherterization
      was perform in 17 cases whereas only hepatic vein catherterization was possible
      in 2. The portohepatic gradient (FPVP-FHVP or WHVP-FHVP) was utilized as an index
      of portal hypertension. In the 19 patients studied, the portohepatic gradient
      ranged from 12 to 24.5 mm Hg with a mean of 18.4 mm Hg; only one patient had a
      portohepatic gradient of less than 14.5 mm Hg. The present data strongly suggest
      that in intrahepatic portal hypertension, bleeding varices are observed only if
      significant portal hypertension exists. Hemodynamic studies may thus be helpful
      in evaluating bleeding patients with varices particularly when the origin of the
      bleeding cannot be determined at endoscopy. The finding of a portohepatic
      gradient of less than 12 mm Hg would strongly suggest that varices were not the
      source of bleeding and in these cases, shunt surgery should not be considered.

PMID- 1081460
TI  - Ectopic pancreas causing massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Report of a
      case diagnosed arteriographically.

PMID- 1081461
TI  - Complications of flexible fiberoptic colonoscopy and polypectomy.

PMID- 1081462
TI  - Stimulation of in vitro steroid production in turtle ovarian tissue by reptilian,
      amphibian, and mammalian gonadotropins.

PMID- 1081463
TI  - Peripheral blood and intestinal lymphocyte sub-populations in Crohn's disease.
AB  - Immunofluorescent technques were utilized to study the nature and distribution of
      cells forming the inflammatory infiltrate in Crohn's disease. Tissue from
      resected ileum (one patient) or colon (one patient) when compared with
      corresponding control tissues contained increased numbers of B and T lymphocytes.
      B-cells of IgG class predominated in the mucosal lamina propria, whereas T-cells
      were prominent in the deeper layers of inflamed bowel. Inflammatory cells bearing
      Fc receptors were also present in these tissues. Decreased peripheral blood T
      cell numbers returned to normal after resection of the involved bowel in the two
      patients studied. Impaired cellular immunity in Crohn's disease may thus result
      from T-cell sequestration in or loss from involved segments of intestine.

PMID- 1081464
TI  - A prospective comparative trial between early endoscopy and radiology in acute
      upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
AB  - A prospective comparative trial is reported between the results of early
      endoscopy and barium meal examinations in 150 patients admitted with acute upper
      gastrointestinal haemorrhage. One hundred and thirty-eight patients underwent
      both investigations within 24 hours of admission. Emergency endoscopy accurately
      identified the source of haemorrhage in 86% of patients and emergency radiology
      identified the source in 51%. Misleading positive reports were given
      endoscopically in 3% and by barium meal in 8%. The identification of the source
      of haemorrhage was possible in 126 patients (91%) by the use of both methods.
      Emergency endoscopy is shown to be superior to emergency barium meal examination,
      but the examinations are complementary and both should be used for these
      patients.

PMID- 1081465
TI  - [Histomorphology of bone marrow insufficiency].

PMID- 1081467
TI  - [Severely scalded (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081466
TI  - [Studies of the alpha 1 antitrypsin group system].

PMID- 1081468
TI  - [Prolapse of cord leading to foetal asphyxia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081470
TI  - [Leprosy].

PMID- 1081469
TI  - [Henoch's Schoeulein's purpura (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081471
TI  - [Congenital heart disease: it's effects and treatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081472
TI  - [Learning (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081473
TI  - Half of humanity.

PMID- 1081474
TI  - Liberation liberates.

PMID- 1081475
TI  - Responsibilities towards our profession and the community.

PMID- 1081476
TI  - Operating theatre nurse - a distinctive entity.

PMID- 1081477
TI  - Recent advances in hyaline membrance syndrome.

PMID- 1081478
TI  - Epilepsy.

PMID- 1081479
TI  - Total hip arthroplasty success or failure.

PMID- 1081480
TI  - Editorial: Nursing & leprosy.

PMID- 1081482
TI  - President's address.

PMID- 1081481
TI  - The Kwun Tong community health project.

PMID- 1081483
TI  - Does alpha-1-antitrypsin P1 null phenotype exist?
AB  - A second case of Pi null alpha-1-antitrypsin (AA) deficiency is described. In
      fact, the serum's subject contains 5 mug of AA per millilitre. With radiolabelled
      specific antibodies, it is possible to describe the Pi phenotype associated to
      this deficiency. The pattern which is obtained is like the ordinary Pi M, but 500
      times lower than normal values. In contrast to a common deficient variant (ZZ or
      MZ), the subject tissues do not contain periodic acid-schiff positive inclusion
      bodies. The "normal" pattern obtained after antigen-antibody crossed
      electrophoresis, would be in favour of a deficient anomaly hereditarily
      transmitted.

PMID- 1081484
TI  - Chromosomal banding of cultured T and B lymphocytes.
AB  - Chromosomes of thymus-derived lymphocyte (T-cell) cell lines (CCRF-CEM, CCRF-H-SB
      2, MOLT-3, MOLT-4, and RPMI 8402) and the corresponding lines (CCRF-SB and RPMI
      8392) with thymus-independent lymphocyte (B-cell) characteristics, were examined
      with banding techniques. The pairs of cell lines (CCRF-H-SB-2 and CCRF-SB, and
      RPMI 8402 and RPMI 8392, were confirmed to be of the same origin, respectively,
      inasmuch as their individual specific variant bands were identical. The MOLT-3
      and MOLT-4 cells had common marker chromosomes, indicating that the chromosomal
      changes in these cells probably occurred in vivo. All of the T-cells had
      structurally abnormal marker chromosomes, whereas the B-cells were chromsomally
      normal. The structural changes of the chromosomes suggest that the malignant
      nature of the present T-cells may be essential for such T-cells to be established
      in vitro in a standard culture medium.

PMID- 1081485
TI  - Methodology for the study of cancer in a rural population in India.

PMID- 1081486
TI  - Original antigenic sin at the cellular level--III. Importance of protein carrier
      in the stimulation process.

PMID- 1081487
TI  - Induction of PHA response in mouse bone marrow cells by thymic extracts as
      studied by changes in the structuredness of cytoplasmic matrix.
AB  - The specificity and cross-species activity of thymic extracts and some non
      specific agents on some alleged properties of T cells and their precursors in the
      bone marrow cells of normal, nude and thymectomized mice was studied in vitro.
      The phenomenon of changes in the structuredness of cytoplasmic matrix (SCM) was
      used to assess the maturation and responses of cells treated with the extracts to
      mitogens, i.e. phytohaemagglutinin and concanavalin A. We found that thymic
      extracts of calf and mouse origin induce functional 'maturation' which can be
      abrogated by cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. The nonspecific
      agents used (spleen extracts, PPD, dBcAMP and endotoxin) had no effect on bone
      marrow cells, as measured by changes in the SCM. The method of measuring SCM
      using the technique of fluorescence polarization is described.

PMID- 1081488
TI  - Distribution of electrophoretic mobilities of mouse thymocyte subpopulations in
      the presence of tumour cells.
AB  - Analysis of the electrophoretic mobility of mouse thymus cells has showed two
      main populations, with mean mobility values of 0-77 +/- 0-023 mum s-1 V-1cm and 0
      99 +/- 0-015 mum s-1P1cm; these absolute values varied slightly from one strain
      to another. Implantation of tumour cells caused the relative proportions of these
      two populations to change dramatically within 48 hours, when an increase in the
      fast-moving 'immunocompetent' thymocytes was observed. The ratio of slow to fast
      cells changed from 9:1 in the normal BALB/c animal to 2:1 in the presence of the
      tumour cells and this 2:1 ratio persisted throughout the remainder of the
      animal's life. However, inoculation of histocompatible spleen cells from a normal
      individual evoked only a brief response in the host's thymus. This change in
      ratio of slow to fast cells in thethymus was interpreted as an increased
      production of immunocompetent cells in response to the presence of the tumour
      cells.

PMID- 1081489
TI  - RRBC and EAC rosette formation after DNCB contact sensitization and
      cyclophosphamide treatment of guinea-pigs.
AB  - Rabbit erythrocyte (RRBC) and EAC rosette formation, for detection of T and B
      lymphocytes respectively, was studied in thymus, lymph nodes and peripheral blood
      of guinea-pigs. Using two different methods for preparation of RRBC rosette
      forming cells (RFC) it was found that, without an incubation period at 37
      degrees, a smaller part of the pool of T cells is detected which is particularly
      sensitive to cyclophosphamide (cy). RRBC rosette formation was studied for 2
      weeks after treatment with one high dose of cy and appeared to be minimal in the
      thymus after 1 week and maximal in the lymph nodes at about day 3. EAC rosette
      formation was completely blocked by cy treatment. Four days after contact
      sensitization with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) no percentual increase was
      found in RRBC-RFC, suggesting a parallel increase of B and T cells in stimulated
      lymph nodes. Cytological screening of the rosettes at day 4 after DNCB showed
      that of the RRBC-RFC approximately 17 per cent were blast cells, while no
      difference was detected in the number of blast cells participating in EAC rosette
      formation as compared to the unstimulated lymph nodes. In contrast to RRBC-RFC
      the percentage of EAC-RFC in draining lymph nodes is increased after contact
      sensitization. The mechanism of this increase is discussed.

PMID- 1081490
TI  - Antigen-initiated B-lymphocyte differentiation. VII. Quantification of AFC
      progenitor levels in adoptive and culture responses to NIP-POL antigen.
AB  - Quantitative studies on B cells require a direct assay for antibody-forming cell
      (AFC) progenitor function, in which the number of AFC produced bears a simple,
      linear arithmetic relationship to the number of progenitors present. This might
      be expected under conditions where helper T-cell and accessory cell requirements
      are by-passed, or provided in excess. This possibility has been tested using as
      antigen the hapten NIP (4-hydroxy-3-iodo-5-nitrophenylacetic acid) on the carrier
      POL (polymerized bacterial flagellin), in adoptive transfer of normal and nude
      mouse spleen cells to irradiated recipients, and in cell culture. Primary and
      secondary IgM responses to this antigen are "T cell-independent'. The secondard
      IgG response is T cell-dependent but this function can be provided by 'carrier
      primed' irradiated recipients. However in no case did the cell dose response
      curve show a linear, arithmetic relationship between cells transferred or
      cultured, and AFC produced. If less than 10 X 10(6) cells were adoptively
      transferred or cultured, a sigmoid curve was obtained, approximately linear with
      a slope of around 1-6 on a log-log scale. In adoptive transfer, a plateau was
      then seen above 10 X 10(6) cells, followed by a second sharp rise beginning
      around 15 X 10(6) cells. Addition of irradiated spleen cells as 'fillers' to
      maintain cell numbers constant produced a linear (arithmetic scale) dose response
      curve for the primary IgM responses, both adoptive and in culture.
      Lipopolysaccharide injection of recipients also produced linear regions in the
      adoptive transfer system. These techniques provide more direct, quantitative
      assay systems for the primary IgM responses to this antigen. However, arithmetic
      linear cell dose response curves were still not obtained for the secondary IgG
      responses, using irradiated filler cells.

PMID- 1081491
TI  - Clonal proliferation of PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes in soft agar culture.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was the induction of clonal proliferation of
      PHA-stimulated normal human lymphocytes using a two-layer soft agar technique.
      Essential conditions for colony formation include preceding sensitization of
      lymphocytes with PHA, and continuous presence of PHA in the soft agar culture.
      Two types of colonies developed: large colonies which appeared 3-4 days after
      seeding and comprised, after 5-6 days, 200-500 cells, and small colonies which
      were seen after 6-7 days of culture, resulting in production of 50-150 cells.
      Morphological study showed that all cells were blast-like and the mitotic index
      exceeded that in liquid medium by a factor of 50. Comparison between the number
      of colonies developing from cultured bone marrow and spleen cells with those from
      peripheral blood showed that, in proportion to the number of lymphocytes seeded,
      a larger number of colonies developed from bone marrow cells and a lower number
      of colonies developed from spleen  cells. The time required for sensitization of
      lymphocytes in liquid medium with PHA was found to be no less than 12 hours. The
      greatest number of colonies appeared when the optimal concentration of PHA was
      placed in the lower agar layer. A linear relation between the number of cells
      seeded and the number of resulting colonies was found. One out of 2 X 10(3) or 3
      X 10(3) lymphocytes in peripheral blood has the potential to develop as colony.
      The rosette-forming ability and morphological identification of the cells suggest
      that the colonies are composed of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1081492
TI  - Local immune response in experimental pyelonephritis in the rabbit. I.
      Morphological and functional features of the lymphocytic infiltrate.
AB  - The cellular activity of circulating lymphocytes and lymphocytes isolated from
      the infected kidney of animals with experimental haematogenous pyelonephritis was
      evaluated. The incorporation of [3H-methyl]thymidine into DNA by lymphocytes was
      studied with mitogens such as phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweek mitogen (PWM)
      and goat anti-rabbit IgG (GARIG). Lymphocytes from infected kidney had a high
      baseline DNA synthesis compared to circulating lymphocytes from days 5 to 27 of
      infection. Infected kidney lymphocytes failed to respond to PHA, PWM, or GARIG,
      whereas circulating lymphocytes did respond to these mitogens. Uropod-bearing
      lymphocytes, which were shown to be T lymphocytes, were present from days 5 to 77
      of infection. B lymphocytes, as determined by surface immunofluorescent
      technique, were present by day 12, coincident with the onset of local synthesis
      of antibody. These studies reveal that in pyelonephritis, the cellular response
      goes through sequential changes and indicate a dynamic interrelationship between
      T and B lymphocytes at an infected site.

PMID- 1081493
TI  - Relationship between biological activities of polymers. I. Immunogenicity, C3
      activation, mitogenicity for B cells and adjuvant properties.
AB  - The effect of thirteen compounds on C3 activation, mitogenicity for B lymphocytes
      and on the immune response was tested. Only two of the compounds tested,
      polyinosinic acid and a high molecular weight polyethylenesulphate induced C3
      conversion, while eleven out of the thirteen compounds (negative charged
      immunogenic or non-immunogenic polymers including the three C3 active compounds)
      stimulated thymidine incorporation in B lymphocytes. The non-charged (T
      independent) immunogens dextran and polyvinylpyrrolidone neither activated C3 nor
      BP lymphocytes. With the exception of single-stranded polyribonucleic acids, the
      compounds stimulating DNA synthetis in B cells enhanced the response of the mice
      to a suboptimal dose of sheep red blood cells. In conclusion C3 activation,
      intrinsic (T-independent) immunogenicity and B-cell stimulation are not
      correlated properties. However, B-cell mitogenicity and adjuvanticity seem to be
      related.

PMID- 1081494
TI  - Cell-mediated allograft responses in vitro. VI. Studies on macrophage-mediated
      cytotoxicity.
AB  - Normal murine peritoneal macrophages were rendered cytotoxic against 51Cr
      labelled allogeneic and syngeneic target cells by incubation with supernatant of
      selected cell cultures.'Active' culture supernatant was produced both by
      specifically sensitized cytotoxic T lymphocytes as well as by mitogen-stimulated
      T cells, but not by mitogen-stimulated B cells. The in vitro induced macrophage
      mediated cytotoxicity was found to be non-specific in the sense that 51Cr
      labelled target cells of different H-2 haplotype were lysed equally well.

PMID- 1081495
TI  - A proposition on the distribution of antibody affinities, with implications for
      the mechanism of B-cell activation.
AB  - For most antisera a linear relationship can be shown between log antigen
      concentration and the log concentration of antibody required to bind half the
      available antigen. This paper shows that the slope of this line, s, is related to
      the distribution of individual antibody clonotypes of different affinity. It is
      argued that the general form of the distribution approximates to exponential
      (rather than for example Gaussian) and that this indicates a requirement for some
      force to be exerted through the antigen-receptor bond in order to activate a B
      cell. An alternative parameter, A, which gives more weight to high affinity
      clonotypes, is offered in place of K0 as a measure of the avidity and biological
      effectiveness of an antiserum.

PMID- 1081496
TI  - Quantitation of potential T-lymphocyte function in rats.
AB  - A simple but dependable method for determining the functional capacity of thymus
      derived lymphocytes is described. The in vitro culture conditions for determining
      the incorporation of tritiated thymidine after stimulation with
      phytohemagglutinin and other mitogens have been given in detail and the
      methodology confirmed by measuring the ablation of T-cell function in T cell
      depleted animals.

PMID- 1081497
TI  - Increase in the proportion of cells with the C'3 receptor in BALB/c mice bearing
      mammary tumors.
AB  - Transplantation of mammary tumors originally induced by dimethylbenzanthracene
      caused splenomegaly and an increase in the total population of spleen cells
      paralleling the increase in tumor size. At least part of the hypercellularity was
      due to in situ proliferation as evidenced by the increased number of blast forms
      and mitotic figures. The cells were characterized with respect to parameters
      generally associated with B-cells; surface immunoglobulins as detected by
      immunofluorescence and C'3 receptors as determined by rosette formation with
      sheep red blood cells (SRBC) coated with rabbit anti-SRBC and mouse complement.
      There was no change in the percentage of B-cells with surface immunoglobulin in
      tumor-bearing mice compared with the control animals. However, there was a
      profound change in the representation of cells bearing C'3 receptors. The
      percentage of the cells increased dramatically with tumor growth. Various
      possibilities regarding the nature and function of these cells are considered.

PMID- 1081498
TI  - Lumphocytotoxins in leprosy.
AB  - Occurrence of cold lymphocytotoxins has been observed in 59 leprosy sera. In 46%
      of the patients, cold lymphocytotoxins were present whereas in helathy controls
      only 13% showed such antibodies. The highest incidence of alloantibodies was
      detected in lepromatous leprosy. Levels of autoantibodies, immunoglobulins and C3
      were tested in parallel without finding any significnat correlations.

PMID- 1081499
TI  - Leprosy XII. Quantitative analysis of thymus-derived lymphocyte response to
      phytohemagglutinin in leprosy.
AB  - The immune status of various leprosy patients was evaluated by using a
      micromethod to evaluate lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). In our
      study, whole blood was used and the degree of response to PHA stimulation was
      expressed in terms of unit volume of blood. A markedly decreased response to PHA
      stimulation was noted in patients with active lepromatous leprosy. Patients with
      active lepromatous  leprosy who have been proved drug (DDS) resistant showed less
      response than did those of drug sensitive patients with active lepromatous
      disease, while the patients with active lepromatous leprosy complicated by
      erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) showed higher response than did those of patients
      with no complicated ENL. Comparing the results obtained to those obtained using
      other methods for T cell analysis indicates that these results reflect the number
      of T lymphocytes in the leprosy patient. Thus, this simple method is of value in
      assaying the presence and responses of T lymphocytes in the leprosy patient.

PMID- 1081500
TI  - Evaluation of radiochemical protectors using urinary deoxycytidine levels.
AB  - It is customary to use the LD50 response as a criterion for the evaluation of
      chemical radioprotection. The increased urinary excretion of deoxycytidine (CdR)
      in irradiated rats has been shown to be a linear dose--response relationship up
      to 200 R, thus making it possible to consider such a response as a criterion for
      chemical radioprotection evaluation at sub-lethal irradiation levels. Rats were
      subjected to 200 R X-irradiation with various chemical protectors and without
      chemical protectors, urine was collected 24 hours after irradiation, and the CdR
      levels in the urine analysed. A dose-reduction factor (DRF) was determined for 24
      hour urinary excretions of CdR for chemically protected and non-protected rats.
      The DRF values are within 6 per cent of those reported by other investigators
      using LD50 as the response criterion for serotonin, cysteine, MEA and PAPP but
      differ for WR-2721 and WR-2823. Agreement using WR-2721 and WR-2823 compounds is
      only obtained when the toxicity effect of the compound is taken into
      consideration.

PMID- 1081501
TI  - Effects of DTPA on the deposition of 65Zn, 60Co and 144Ce in pregnant rat and in
      foetoplacental unit.
AB  - 65Zn, 60Co or 144Ce was injected intravenously into rats at various stages of
      pregnancy. Six hours later, DTPA chelate of non-radioactive Ca, Zn or Co was
      given intraperitoneally. Another group of pregnant rats received intravenous
      injection of 65ZnDTPA or 60CoDTPA. In both experiments, 24 hours after
      administration, the concentration of the radioactive material was determined in
      the dam's whole body as well as in foetuses, chorioallantoic placentae and yolk
      sacs. 65Zn and 60Co, which had been administered to the rats as DTPA complexes,
      were found not to pass from the dam's blood to the foetuses or to pass only in
      very minute amounts. This finding could be considered as an indirect indication
      that DTPA chelates do not penetrate the placental barrier. Nevertheless, the
      chelates injected intravenously into the dam early after an internal
      contamination, decrease the radionuclide content in the foetuses. No substantial
      effects of pregnancy on the effectiveness of the chelate in removing
      radionuclides from the body of rats were observed.

PMID- 1081502
TI  - Radiation-induced decrease in influx rates of potassium ions into thymocytes in
      vitro in relation to decreased intracellular adenosine triphosphate
      concentrations.
AB  - The relationship between decreases in the adenosine triphosphate content of
      irradiated thymocytes and observed changes in the influx constant values for
      potassium ions in the same cells have been investigated. The results suggest that
      radiation-reduced ATP concentrations may be a rate-limiting factor controlling
      the active transport of potassium, 3--4 hours after X-irradiation in the range 2-
      20 krad. However, over the first hour of incubation, post-exposure ATP levels
      have not decreased sufficiently to be a major factor in the observed decrease in
      active uptake of potassium ions. This evidence is supported by comparisons of the
      influence of 1 mM adenine on radiation-reduced ATP levels and influx constants
      over the first hour after irradiation.

PMID- 1081503
TI  - Letter: Failure of anaemic stress to evoke leukaemia in x-irradiated rats.

PMID- 1081504
TI  - Letter: Modification of end-groups in DNA strand breaks of irradiated thymocytes
      during early repair.

PMID- 1081505
TI  - Letter: O.e.r. and r.b.e. for 10 MeV electrons, and the two-component theory of
      radiation action.

PMID- 1081506
TI  - Letter: The radiation-resistant red bacterium from rice.

PMID- 1081507
TI  - Letter: Radiosensitization of T7 bacteriophage by 8-methoxypsoralen.

PMID- 1081508
TI  - Letter: Radiation-induced liberation of DNA-protein complex in rat spleen.

PMID- 1081509
TI  - Alterations of liver DNA after x-irradiation. Reassociation and hybridization
      with nuclear RNA.
AB  - When RNA is extracted either from irradiated or unirradiated rat livers, no
      difference in its ability to hybridize with DNA is detectable. In contrast, the
      ability of DNA extracted from irradiated animals to hybirdize with RNA is
      decreased, probably as a result of DNA fragmentation. Sedimentation of X
      irradiated DNA on sucrose gradients separates a small (low molecular weight) from
      a large peak (high molecular weight). The hybridization capacity for RNA of the
      large molecular weight DNA is similar to that of unirradiated DNA, but that of
      the small molecular weight is DNA reduced. After irradiation of the denatured DNA
      in vitro, the reassociation of DNA is inhibited, which suggests that DNA strands
      have lost part of their complementariness.

PMID- 1081510
TI  - Studies on dominant lethal mutations in third generation rats reared on an
      irradiated diet.

PMID- 1081511
TI  - Rdiotoxicity of intracellular 67Ga, 125I and 3H. Nuclear versus cytoplasmic
      radiation effects in murine L1210 leukaemia.
AB  - L1210 leukaemia cells were labelled with various doses of 67Ga-citrate, 3H
      thymidine, or 125I-iododeoxyuridine to evaluate the cytocidal effects of the
      intracellular decay of the three radionuclides. Based on radioisotope
      incorporation data, cellular dimensions, and intracellular radioisotope
      distributions (3H and 125I intranuclear, 67Ga cytoplasmic) the rates of
      deposition of cellular, nuclear, and cytoplasmic energy were calculated. In terms
      of energy absorption/cell, 67Ga (LD50: 2250 keV/hr; 69 rad/hr) was much less
      toxic than either 3H (LD50: 325 keV/hr; 10 rad/hr) of 125I (LD50:50 keV/hr; 1-5
      rad/hr). In terms of energy absorption/nuclesu, 67Ga and 3H produced almost
      identical effects (LD50: 230 versus 255 keV/hr; 22-2 versus 24-6 rad/hr), but
      125I remained much more toxic (LD50: 40 keV/hr; 3-9 rad/hr). These findings
      indicate that, although decay by electron capture in the cell nucleus (125I) is
      highly destructive, the same type of decay occurring in the cytoplasm (67Ga) is
      ineffective in killing L1210 cells. An analysis of the data suggests that the
      cytotoxic effects of the three radioisotopes result exclusively from nuclear
      damage. Cytoplasmic absorption of radiation energy appears to contribute little,
      if anything, to the lethal effects of ionizing radiations.

PMID- 1081512
TI  - A comparative study of post-irradiation growth kinetics of spheroids and
      monolayers.
AB  - Post-irradiation growth kinetics of gamma-irradiated spheroid and monolayer cells
      in exponential growth phase was investigated by means of dose-response curves
      based on cell counts after specified time intervals following irradiation. A
      mathematical model of cell-growth after irradiation was fitted to these curves.
      The model parameters (related to division delay and growth of non-surviving
      cellsy obtained from this analysis consistently indicate increasing resistance to
      sub-lethal damage of cells cultured as multicellular spheroids under conditions
      of increasing three-dimensional contact. In contrast, no indication of an
      increased radiation-resistance was found with cells cultured on a substratum
      under a variety of conditions.

PMID- 1081513
TI  - Letter: Reactivity of a free radical probe with erythrocyte membranes.

PMID- 1081514
TI  - Letter: Dose-rate effects on the hatchability of irradiated embryos of the fish,
      Oryzias latipes.

PMID- 1081515
TI  - Letter: Post-irradiation changes in oocyte populations in the fry of the fish
      Oryzias latipes.

PMID- 1081516
TI  - Letter: A comparison of the radiosensitivity and o.e.r. of human and mouse marrow
      progenitor cells cultured in agar in diffusion chambers.

PMID- 1081517
TI  - Letter: Renin-angiotensin and aldosterone in the gastro-intestinal syndrome after
      whole-body irradiation.

PMID- 1081519
TI  - Suppression and recovery of the immune response and CFU potential of mice during
      and after chronic low-dose-rate gamma-irradiation.
AB  - Chronic exposure of mice to 60Co gamma-rays at rates of 1-6 R/hr and 6 R/hr leads
      to profound immunosuppression, as demonstrated with the Jerne haemolysis-in-agar
      technique. The immunosuppressive effect is dose-rate dependent. Thus, significant
      reduction of the number of splenic antibody plaque-forming cells (PFC) to sheep
      red blood cells is seen after exposure to 1005 R at 1-6 R/hr; at the higher
      exposure rate of 6 R/hr, PFC suppression is seen after a total dose on only 468
      R. Although recovery of the PFC response is possible after accumulated doses of
      1005, 1579, and 2138 R at 6 R/hr and 5256 R at 1-6 R/hr, normal immunological
      capacity had not returned 120 days after irradiation. In contrast the recovery of
      splenic colony-forming units (CFU), as an expression of the haematological
      potential of chronically irradiated mice, is found to be much more rapid than the
      repair of the immune system. Thus, 10 days after irradiation, at a time when
      little or no recovery in immune competence is apparent, the spleen of the
      chronically irradiatee animal has a CFU capacity about 50 times greater than has
      that of a normal, unirradiated mouse. The CFU's in the chronically irradiated
      spleens were also shown to be functional by virtue of their ability to protect
      lethally irradiated animals from haemopoietic death.

PMID- 1081518
TI  - Letter: Combined heat-irradiation effect on deoxyribonucleic acid of Penicillium
      expansum LK. ex. Thom.

PMID- 1081520
TI  - The effects of dose and field size on late radiation damage to the rat spinal
      cord.
AB  - In groups of young adult rats, 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 mm lengths of the cervical spinal
      cord were irradiated with 2000 or 4000 R of 60Co gamma-rays. All groups showed
      significant life-shortening, all but five animals (which died from intercurrent
      disease) showing signs attributable to radiation. The clinical signs, latent
      period, and histological changes observed were dependent on the dose and field
      size. The animals irradiated with the higher dose to 8 or 16 mm of the cord were
      the first to die, all had developed paralysis and were found to have extensive
      areas of necrosis in the white matter. When the field size was decreased using
      this dose (4000 R), or the dose reduced (all field sizes), no extensive necrosis
      was found and only a proportion of the animals developed paralysis; the others
      died suddenly. The interpretation of these results is discussed.

PMID- 1081521
TI  - The modification of sodium excretion after abdominal irradiation. A dose-effect
      relationship study in the rat.
AB  - Whole-body counting of radiosodium disappearance in the rat enabled us to
      evaluate the disturbance induced in sodium excretion after gamma abdominal
      irradiation at different doses (500, 750, 1000, 1250 and 1500 R). The observed
      modification is consistent with a sodium excretion loss depending on the dose.
      Two indices, the relative excretion rate (theta) and the recovery time (deltat),
      completely define the radio-induced modification and make feasible the
      quantitative assessment of its dependence on the dose. The development of the
      dose-response relationship established for each of these indices leads us to
      conclude that the reduction in the sodium-excretion rate, which can be related to
      a defect in sodium intake, is a linear function of the dose, while the time
      needed to recover the pre-irradiation sodium excretion rate increases
      exponentially with the dose.

PMID- 1081522
TI  - Interaction of ethidium bromide with heparin.
AB  - The reactions of hydrated electrons produced during pulse radiolysis have been
      utilized to investigate the binding of ethidium bromide to heparin. Complexes of
      ethidium bromide and heparin can be dissociated with salt. Divalent cations are
      more effective than monovalent cations in this respect. Pulse-radiolysis
      investigations at different temperatures indicate that the thermodynamic
      parameters governing the interaction of ethidium bromide with heparin are deltaH'
      = 11-6 kcal mole-1 and deltaS' = 42-6 cal deg-1 mole-1.

PMID- 1081523
TI  - Pulse-radiolytic investigations of catechols and catecholamines. I. Adrenaline
      and adrenochrome.
AB  - Adrenaline (epinephrine), adrenochrome and C4-substituted catechol model
      compounds were pulse-irradiated in aqueous neutral and alkaline solutions.
      Transient spectra are reported after oxidizing adrenaline and reducing
      adrenochrome. All species appearing during 20 msec interval after the pulse have
      been identified: the OH adduct with an absorption maximum at 300-310 nm, the
      semiquinone (at 245 nm), and adrenaline quinone (at 340 nm). The reaction of
      superoxide anions (O2-) with adrenaline was less efficient, compared with OH
      radicals. A novel oxidation product, derived from the semiquinone and O2-, has
      been identified as the 4-hydroxy-3,6-dioxo derivate. The pulse-radiolytic
      reduction of adrenochrome by hydrated electrons (eaq-) yielded the semiquinone of
      adrenochrome (absorbing at 470 nm), which subsequently decays by a second-order
      process. The dismutation products leuco-adrenochrome (absorbing at 300 nm, pH 9
      8) and the adrenochrome tautomer (absorbing at 375 nm) are unstable, forming 5,6
      dihydro-N-methyl indole and regenerating adrenochrome.

PMID- 1081524
TI  - An investigation of chromosome damage in Vicia faba root tips after exposure to 1
      5 MHz ultrasonic radiation.
AB  - Roots of seedlings of Vicia faba were exposed to 1-5 MHz continuous-wave
      ultrasound at approximately 5 W cm-2 intensity, averaged over the dividing region
      of the meristem, thus producing considerable non-thermal cell damage and severe
      inhibition of root growth. No significant increase in the number of coventional
      chromosome aberrations was observed during the 26 hours after exposure, although
      a significant number of cells did show bridged, agglomerated or clumped
      chromosomes. It is concluded that after exposure to ultrasound, genetic damage in
      surviving cells is unlikely.

PMID- 1081525
TI  - [Letter: Effect of x-rays on the Indian stick insect (Carausius morosus BR.)].

PMID- 1081526
TI  - Letter: Tolerance of the spinal cord of rats to irradiation with neon ions.

PMID- 1081527
TI  - Should the psychiatrist be hospitalized?

PMID- 1081528
TI  - Vasocilators in the canine mesenteric circulation. Evaluation of a potential aid
      in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Radiodiagnostic potential of intra-arterially injected vasodialting agents was
      investigated by their effect on total and segmenal resistances (VR) of mesenteric
      vasculature, blood flow in superior mesenteric artery and its bleeding branch;
      heart rate and ventricular and systemic blood pressure. Dipyridamole,
      isoxsuprine, protricular and systemic blood pressure. Dipyridamole, isoxsuprine,
      prochlorperazine, lidocaine, meglumine diatrizoate and carbon dioxide were poor
      dilators. Phentolamine produced hypotension; glucagon and serpasil an extremely
      long dilation. A large and short vasodilation was produced with tolazoline and
      nylidrin, but both agents increased VR of the postcapillary segment and caused
      transient hypotension and arrhythmias, nylidrin's side effects were smaller.
      Oxygen produced large and long vasodilation and minimal systemic effects. It is
      concluded that oxygen or possibly nylidrin are suitable agents should an
      intermittently bleeding mesenteric artery be dilated for diagnostic purposes
      prior to angiography.

PMID- 1081529
TI  - Storage of polyvinylpyrrolidone mimicking a congenital mucolipid storage disease
      in a patient with Munchausen's syndrome.
AB  - A 24-year-old woman from the Sinai peninsula had, since the age of 15 years,
      repeatedly undergone surgery because of gastrointestinal bleeding. The bleeding
      was found to have been caused by self-inflicted injuries. Histiocytes in the
      patient's liver and lymph nodes (the spleen had been removed nine years
      previously) contained a peculiar material which was, in part, basophilic and had
      puzzling histochemical characteristics. The material is believed to be
      polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), which had been administered to the patient during one
      of her operations. The importance of recognizing this change, especially in
      countries where PVP is administered as a plasma expander, is stressed.

PMID- 1081530
TI  - Specific effect of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine on the monoamine fluorophore of the
      frog's gustatory cells.
AB  - A specific formaldehyde-induced yellow fluorescence, suggesting the presence of
      serotonin-like monoamine has been demonstrated in the gustatory cells of the
      frog. The fungiform papillae of frogs were examined fluorescence-histochemically
      after intraperitoneal injection of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine. The results indicated
      that the fluorophore of gustatory cells was affected selectively by the drug
      injection: the yellow fluorescence was transiently enhanced 3 hours after the
      drug injection, thereafter being reduced rapidly. The effect of 5,6
      dihydroxytryptamine was long-lasting with the reduction of the yellow fluorophore
      persisting at least for the experimental duration of 14 days. A single injection
      of 6-hydroxydopamine induced a complete depletion of noradrenaline fluorescence
      from adrenergic nerve terminals, while the fluorescence of gustatory cells was
      not affected by a high dose of the drug. The present results with pharmacologic
      treatments further support the view that the gustatory cell of the frog contains
      a serotonin-like monoamine.

PMID- 1081531
TI  - [Bleeding disorders and childhood ENT diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - The diagnosis and management of ENT patients with coincidental bleeding
      dyscrasias presents special difficulties, which include diagnosis of the
      disorder, arrest of the bleeding when unexpected, and the conservative and
      surgical care of affected children with ENT diseases. The dyscrasias most often
      found in childhood are haemophilia, von Willibrand's disease and ideopathic
      thrombocytopenic purpura. The clinical presentation and course of these disorders
      are described. Present day treatment is effective in arrest of the haemorrhage
      such that a fatality can almost always be avoided. The close cooperation between
      specialist paediatricians and haematology departments in the handling of these
      patients is stressed.

PMID- 1081532
TI  - Immunoglobulin-containing cells in pig mammary gland.
AB  - Peroxidase-labelled antisera to pig immunoglobulins A, G and M were used to study
      immunoglobulin-containing cell populations in pig mammary gland at different
      stages of gestation and lactation. Immunoglobulin-containing cells of all three
      classes were present several weeks before farrowing; IgA-containing cells were
      most numerous at all stages of lactation.

PMID- 1081533
TI  - Palindromic rheumatism.

PMID- 1081534
TI  - Letter: Frusemide in the management of streptomycin induced vestibular damage.

PMID- 1081535
TI  - Glycerol dissimilation in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
AB  - Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides followed a diauxic growth curve when grown on a
      malate-glycerol medium, the first phase of growth being supported by malate and
      the second by glycerol. A soluble glycerokinase and a particulate, pyridine
      nucleotide-independent glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, were induced by the
      presence of glycerol in the medium, but neither was fully expressed nor
      functional until all malate had been consumed.

PMID- 1081536
TI  - Interaction between ethanolamine ammonia-lyase and methylcobalamin. Half-site
      reactivity with an adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzyme.
AB  - The adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzyme ethanolamine ammonia-lyase contains two
      active sites per molecule. The effects of methylcobalamin on the properties of
      this enzyme differ qualitatively depending on whether one or both of these sites
      is occupied by the cobamide. At 0.5 mol of methylcobalamin/mol of active sites,
      catalytic activity fell rapidly to approximately 30% of control levels,
      thereafter remaining constant for an hour. With the partially inhibited enzyme,
      Km values for ethanolamine and adenosylcobalamin were 5.5 muM and 1.6 muM,
      respectively, values that do not differ significantly from those of uninhibited
      enzyme. When the methylcobalamin per active site ratio was increased to 1, the
      decline in activity became progressive with time, eventually falling to levels
      much lower than seen at a cobamide per active site ratio of 0.5. Methylcobalamin
      also promotes the formation of a complex stable to gel filtration between
      ethanolamine and enzyme. Complex formation increased with increasing
      methylcobalamin per active site ratios up to a ratio of 0.7/1, at which point 0.5
      mol of ethanol/mol of active sites was taken up. Ethanolamine uptake did not
      increase at higher methylcobalamin to active sites ratios. Methylcobalamin itself
      was taken up by enzyme, forming a complex containing 0.5 mol of
      methylcobalamin/mol of active sites that was stable to gel filtration.
      Measurement by the technique of Hummel and Dreyer ((1962) Biochim. Biophys. Acta
      63, 530-532), however, showed one methylcobalamin binding site per active site.
      The formation of enzyme-ligand complexes stable to gel filtration was not
      affected by 5'-deoxyadenosine nor did 5'-deoxyadenosine by itself promote the
      formation of a stable complex between enzyme and ethanolamine. These observations
      were interpreted as evidence indicating half-site reactivity of ethanolamine
      ammonia-lyase with methylcobalamin. Comparison with previous results suggested
      that this half-site reactivity was an epiphenomenon not related to catalysis.

PMID- 1081537
TI  - An in vitro study of vitamin D2 hydroxylases in the chick.
AB  - An in vitro study of the liver 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D2 and the kidney 1-
      and 24-hydroxylations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 was undertaken in order to
      determine whether the discrimination against vitamin D2 seen in chicks in vivo is
      the result of a block of one or more of the steps in the activation of the
      vitamin D2 molecule. Vitamin D2 hydroxylation reactions in the chick are
      virtually identical with those observed with the vitamin D3 series. It is,
      therefore, concluded that the chick possesses the required enzymatic machinery to
      synthesize 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 and that the discrimination must be because
      of some unknown metabolic reaction of the vitamin D2 compounds, to a defect in
      the transport of vitamin D2 metabolites, or to target organ discrimination.

PMID- 1081538
TI  - Experimental correction of footdrop by electrical stimulation of the peroneal
      nerve.
AB  - Footdrop was corrected in thirteen of sixteen patients with centrally paralyzed
      ankle dorsiflexor muscles who were treated by electrical stimulation of the
      peroneal nerve by means of surgically implanted electrodes. Four patients
      required surgical revision before a good result was obtained. After follow-ups of
      more than three years there was no evidence of any nerve damage caused by chronic
      electrical stimulation of the peroneal nerve.

PMID- 1081539
TI  - The value of moderate hypothermia during anoxic cardiac arrest for coronary
      artery surgery.
AB  - Anoxic cardiac arrest, as opposed to induced ventricular fibrillation, greatly
      facilitates accurate distal anastomosis in aortocoronary bypass surgery. In order
      to diminish the anoxic insult, general and topical hypothermia may be used. In an
      attempt to establish the value of moderate hypothermia during anoxic cardiac
      arrest two groups of patients were compared. In group I coronary artery bypass
      procedures were performed under normothermic conditions with anoxic cardiac
      arrest. Patients in group II underwent similar procedures but under hypothermic
      conditions. General body hypothermia to an esophageal temperature of 30 degrees C
      and topical hypothermia with iced saline lavage were used. Using these
      techniques, the average intramyocardial temperature was 26 degrees C. Nonfatal
      cardiac complications did not occur more frequently in the hypothermic group.
      Operative mortality was decreased from 6.3% in the normothermic group to 1.5% in
      the hypothermic group. However, in group II, in addition to hypothermia, a second
      factor in the reduction of mortality was the completeness of the
      revascularization procedure: 58.5% of the patients had three or more bypass
      grafts in the hypothermic group. The mean anoxic arrest time was over 50 min for
      all patients--those who survived as well as those who died with postoperative low
      cardiac output or myocardial infarction. Therefore, anoxic arrest time should be
      kept as short as possible and certainly less than 50 min. Intermittent aortic
      occlusion and performance of the proximal anastomoses using a partial occluding
      clamp on the aorta are currently being used and, together with moderate
      hypothermia, provide a further reduction in postoperative myocardial
      complications.

PMID- 1081540
TI  - Emergency operations for left ventricular asynergy.
AB  - Thirty-two patients were submitted to an emergency surgical procedure for left
      ventricular asynergy, following myocardial infarction. Indications and results
      are analyzed. All patients were operated upon with the aid of cardiopulmonary by
      pass; an aneurysmectomy was performed in twenty-nine patients, a plication
      technique in three. These procedures were combined with mitral and/or aortic
      replacement in five patients, closure of ventricular septal defect in five, aorto
      coronary saphenous vein by-pass in five. Early over all post-operative mortality
      was 75%: 80% in patients operated within three months from myocardial infarction,
      67% in patients operated after three months from myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1081541
TI  - Hemopoietic colony forming cells in regenerating mouse liver.
AB  - Cells from regenerating mouse liver removed 2-25 days post 68% hepatic resection
      have been assayed for in vivo colony forming capacity in soft agar (CFU-C),
      proliferative capacity in liquid culture, and in vivo spleen colony forming
      capacity (CFU-S). These studies demonstrated low concentrations of CFU-C and CFU
      S in normal and sham operated liver, with an appreciable increase of both in
      regenerating liver, reaching maximum values in tissue removed 5--7 days post
      hepatic resection. Colony formation in agar by regenerating liver cells occurred
      in the absence of exogenous colony stimulating factor. Separation of liver cells
      on the basis of adherent properties prior to culture indicated concentration of
      CFU-C in the non-adherent fraction, while cells producing colony stimulating
      factor were concentrated in the adherent fraction.  Foci of actively dividing
      cells of themacrophage and granulocyte series arose in liquid culture from
      preparations of sham operated and regenerating liver, although total cell
      formation was greater with regenerating liver. A small proportion of the colonies
      formed in agar from regenerating liver consisted of cords of epithelioid cells,
      which resembled hepatocytes and differed from the macrophages or granulocytes
      found in the majority of colonies, raising the possibility that regenerating
      hepatocytes form colonies in agar culture.

PMID- 1081542
TI  - Separation of subpopulations of in vitro colony forming cells from mouse marrow
      by equilibrium density centrifugation.
AB  - Equilibrium density centrifugation was used to characterise and separate
      subpopulations of mouse haemopoietic progenitor cells capable of producing
      colonies of granulocytes and macrophages in vitro. The material used to induce
      colony formation (CSF) was prepared from an extract of pregnant mouse uteri. This
      CSF preparation was found to be free of factors modifying the response. Under
      these culture conditions, in vitro colony forming cells (CFU-c) were found to be
      relatively homogeneous in their buoyant density. This homogeneity was independent
      of CSF concentration. A heterogeneous density profile of CFU-c was obtained when
      various cell fractions were cultured in the presence of CSF and rat blood lysate.
      The majority of the additional cells which responded to erythrocyte lysate were
      dense (modal density 1.080 g/cm3) compared to CFU-c which responded to CSF alone
      (modal density 1.074 g/cm3). It is concluded that in vitro colonies induced by
      CSF and in vitro colonies grown in the presence of CSF and erythrocyte lysate
      reflect two different populations of CFU-c.

PMID- 1081543
TI  - Preparation and neutralization characteristics of an anti-CSF antibody.
AB  - Nine of ten rabbits immunized with a partially purified L-cell CSF had
      demonstrable titers of anti-CSF activity. In vitro the antibody was markedly
      inhibitory to both post-endotoxin mouse sera and several mouse tissue extracts.
      CSF containing conditioned media prepared from a number of sources showed
      variable inhibition suggesting that murine CSF's may be characterized by marked
      antigenic differences. Human sources of CSF were also inhibited thus indicating a
      degree of cross-reactivity between murine and human factors. These studies may
      provide the initial steps toward definition of the role of CSF in vivo.

PMID- 1081544
TI  - Control of granulopoiesis in man.III. inhibition of colony formation by dense
      leukocytes.
AB  - Cellular feeder layers, prepared from normal blood leukocytes, usually stimulate
      human marrow to form colonies. A significant increase in the stimulating activity
      of unseparated leukocyte feeder layers is brought about following the removal of
      dense leukocytes in a manner which avoids enrichment of any remaining cell type.
      Restoration of dense leukocytes to a dense leukocyte depleted leukocyte feeder
      layer results in the reduction of stimulating activity to that of an unseparated
      leukocyte feeder; however, addition of dense leukocytes to unseparated leukocyte
      feeder layers has no effect on the stimulatory activity, over the range of
      concentrations used in this study.

PMID- 1081545
TI  - Failure of tritiated thymidine incorporation into DNA to reflect the
      autoradiographically demonstrable calcium-induced increase in thymic lymphoblast
      DNA synthesis.
AB  - Increasing the extracellular calcium concentration in thymic lymphocyte
      suspension from 0.6 to 1.8 mM stimulated the proliferation of the lymphoblast
      subpopulation as measured by increases in the proportion of cells
      autoradiographically labeled with 3H-TdR and in mitotic activity. However it was
      not possible to show this increased DNA synthesis by scintillometric measurement
      of the amount of 3H-TdR incorporated into extracted DNA. On the other hand,
      calcium did raise the incorporation of 14C-formate into the thymine residues of
      DNA, and increased the activity of isolated thymocyte thymidylate synthetase. In
      contrast to the mitogenic calcium ion, a thymidylate synthetase inhibitor,
      methotrexate, actually increased the incorporation of 3H-TdR into DNA. It is
      concluded that calcium increases the endogenous synthesis of thymidylate which in
      turn prevents the amount of incorporation of exogenous 3H-TdR from accurately
      reflecting the true level of DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1081546
TI  - Colony-stimulating factor (CSF) in the uterus of the pregnant mouse.
AB  - During the growth of the pregnant uterus of inbred Balb/c mice uterine colony
      stimulating factor (CSF) content increased 800-fold. This corresponded to a 75
      fold increase in CSF concentration. The size of the increase was the same in the
      uteri of inbred Balb/c mice and the uteri of F1 hybrid C57Bl/Balb/c mice mated
      with F1 males. It was about four times greater in these uteri than it was in the
      uteri of randomly mated TO mice. After unilateral Fallopian tubal ligation of TO
      mice the concentration of CSF was as great in the non-gravid uterine horns as it
      was in the gravid uterine horns. Physicochemical characterization of CSF from
      extracts of pregnant uterus showed that it differed from that found in foetal
      extracts and that found in the circulation. Its function in the pregnant uterus
      is discussed.

PMID- 1081547
TI  - Multivariate analysis of the relationship of six variables to blood pressure:
      findings from Chicago community surveys, 1965--1971.

PMID- 1081548
TI  - Multivariate analysis of the relationship of seven variables to blood pressure:
      findings of the Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry, 1967
      1972.

PMID- 1081549
TI  - Identification of DNA-binding lymphocytes in patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - Antigen-ginding lymphocytes capable of binding native DNA (DNA-ABC) were
      identified in the peripheral blood of normal controls and patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus (SLE) by autoradiography with 125I-nDNA. 12 patients with
      active SLE had 404 +/- 273 (mean +/- SD) DNA-ABC/105 lymphocytes, while 7
      inactive SLE patients and 13 normals had 120 +/- 48 and 48 +/- 36, respectively.
      All three groups were significantly different from one another (p less than
      0.01). No significant correlation was detected between the quantity of anti
      native DNA (nDNA) antibody and number of DNA-ABC; however, most patients with
      large amounts of anti-nDNA antibody had both active disease and large numbers of
      DNA-ABC. Numbers of DNA-ABC and lymphocytes with surface immunoglobulin (Ig) did
      not change significantly after an 18-h incubation at 37degreeC. After depletion
      of B-lymphocytes by passage over bead columns coated with a complex of IgG and
      anti-IgG, the great majority of DNA-ABC were removed in both normal subjects and
      SLE patients. Labeling lymphocytes sequentially with 125I-nDNA, followed by an
      indirect fluorescence technique for identification of surface Ig, indicated that
      the great mahority of radiolabeled cells had surface Ig by fluorescence
      microscopy in four normals (average 93%) and five patients with active SLF
      (average 82%). The predominance of nDNA-sensitive B-lymphocytes in the peripheral
      blood of both normals and SLE patients is consistent with the concept that the
      induction of the anti-nDNA antibody response is due to the stimulation of
      preexisting nDNA-specific B lymphocytes by mechanisms other than those
      necessarily involving participation of nDNA-specific T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1081550
TI  - Thymus-dependent lymphocytes in human bone marrow.
AB  - Human bone marrow is known to contain significant numbers of bursa-dependent
      lymphocytes. The presence of thymus-dependent (T) cells is controversial. Bone
      marrow cells obtained from healthy volunteers was fractionated by density
      centrifugation. A lymphocte-enriched subpopulation was shown to be reactive to
      alloantigens in mixed lymphocyte culture and to contain substantial numbers of T
      lymphocytes. The T lymphocytes were detected by cell surface markers (rosette
      formation with sheep RBC) and by response to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin and
      concanavalin A. Bone marrow T cells exhibited functional characteristics
      quantitatively different from peripheral blood T cells, suggesting that they may
      represent a particular subpopulation of T cells. The lymphocyte-enriched fraction
      additionally contained committed granulopoietic stem cells capable of colony
      formation in semisolid gel. The presence of T cells in human bone marrow is
      consistent with findings in other mammals and may explain the high incidence of
      graft versus host disease in bone marrow transplant recipients.

PMID- 1081552
TI  - Autoradiographic studies of cerebellar histogenesis in the bullfrog tadpole
      during metamorphosis: the external granular layer.
AB  - Spontaneously metamorphosing bullfrog tadpoles and those induced to metamorphose
      by injections of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were given a single
      intraperitoneal injection of thymidine-3H (10 muCi/g body weight). The brains
      were dissected out at various periods 3 hours to 14 days later, and processed for
      autoradiography. At the 3-hour interval after thymidine-3H injection, ependymal
      cells were labelled, but not the external granular layer (EGL) cells.
      Furthermore, in all the metamorphosing tadpoles intense labelling was restricted
      to the ependyma of the marginal region of the cerebellar plate. At 48 hours,
      labelled cells were seen in the EGL of the marginal region. At the 4-day
      interval, most of the EGL was labelled, and labelled cells were also seen
      migrating from the EGL into the internal granular layer (IGL). By 14 days,
      several labelled cells were seen in the IGL. Although the sequence of cerebellar
      histogenesis in the frog is similar to the general pattern described in other
      vertebrate groups, the results indicate that the EGL of the frog cerebellum does
      not serve the function of a secondary proliferating zone.

PMID- 1081551
TI  - Effects of cytotoxic immunosuppressants on tuberculin-sensitive lymphocytes in
      guinea pigs.
AB  - The immunosuppressive activities of two phase-specific drugs, 6-mercaptopurine (6
      MP) and methotrexate, and a cycle-specific agent, cyclophosphamide, were
      evaluated on the lymphocytic component of established tuberculin hypersensitivity
      in guinea pigs. In these animals, purified protein derivative (PPD)-sensitive
      lymphocytes are in an intermitotic phase of their proliferative cycle. Neither
      phase-specific drug significantly altered either the number or functional
      activities of these lymphocytes. By two in vitro criteria, PPD-induced
      lymphoproliferation and elaboration of migration inhibition factor (MIF), the
      responses of lymph node cells were equivalent to sensitized controls. In
      addition, these agents did not deplete pools of T lymphocytes, impair responses
      to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), nor inhibit cutaneous reactivity if employed before
      sensitization. In contrast, cyclophosphamide showed broader immunosuppressive
      effects including significant toxicities for intermitotic lymphocytes. This drug
      depleted pools of T cells and markedly impaired the in vitro proliferative
      responses of residual lymphocytes. The latter occurred with both PHA and PPD.
      Suppression of PHA reactivity was a dose-dependent phenomenon but was evident
      even with small quantities of this alkylating agent. The suppression of antigen
      induced responses was independent of the proliferative status of target
      lymphocytes in vivo, after a single large dose, it persisted for more than 3 wk.
      In total, these results indicate that the effective use of cytotoxic drugs as
      immunosuppressants must include consideration of both the cycle specificities of
      the agent and the proliferative activities of the target lymphoid population.

PMID- 1081553
TI  - Visual stimulation: effects on vestibular habituation.
AB  - The influence of various forms of visual stimulation presented during the course
      of vestibular habituation to a caloric stimulus was studied. Eye movements which
      were either complementary or in opposition to the induced vestibular nystagmus
      were produced with an optokinetic drum. In addition, the effect of visual
      fixation during vestibular-response periods was studied. In all cases, the cats
      that received visual stimulation during the majority of the caloric trials
      habituated more slowly than did animals that received all the habituation trials
      in total darkness. These data conflict with previous reports of vestibular-visual
      interactions. Possible explanations for the discrepancy include species
      differences, distraction provided by the visual stimuli, and the transfer of
      learning from the dark to light conditions.

PMID- 1081554
TI  - Hemorrhage of the lower gastrointestinal tract: a review.

PMID- 1081555
TI  - Aging, terminal decline, and terminal drop.
AB  - Data from a 20-year longitudinal study of persons over 60 were analyzed by step
      wise multiple regression to test for declines in function with age, for terminal
      decline (linear relationship to time before death), and for terminal drop
      (curvilinear relationship to time before death). There were no substanial
      terminal drop effects. All health measures had substantial declines with age, and
      the physician's physical function rating, as well as the individual's self
      rating, showed additional terminal decline. Intelligence had a substantial
      decline with age and a small terminal decline. Most activities declined with age
      but had no significant terminal decline. Despite these declines in health,
      intelligence, and activities, there was little or no decline in satisfaction or
      adjustment.

PMID- 1081556
TI  - Characteristics of the 'active rosette test'. I. Technical considerations of the
      test and comments.
AB  - Using normal subjects, it was found that the 'Active Rosette Test' is both
      reproducible and consistent if performed exactly as described by Wybran et al.
      (1972). Variations in incubation time, centrifugal force while sedimenting
      rosettes, resuspension time after centrifugation, SRBC lymphocyte ratio, and
      increasing concentrations of fetal calf serum all produced marked deviations in
      test results. Rosette inhibition studies using a specific anti-T cell antisera
      showed inhibition of 'active' and total rosettes at the same level, suggesting
      that there are no marked variations in surface T antigens among respective T
      cells. Unless differences in functional activities can be demonstrated between
      the 'active' rosette-forming cells and the other T cells, the test will be of an
      empiric nature.

PMID- 1081557
TI  - Active management of third stage of labour by controlled cord traction.

PMID- 1081558
TI  - Action of staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin on mouse skin: an electron
      microscopic study.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the skin of 3-day-old mice challenged with small doses of
      highly purified staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin was examined at various time
      intervals. Up to 130 min few changes were evident, but at this time wide gaps
      developed between cells in the horizontal planes of the stratum granulosum, and
      "bubbles" normally present in the intracellular spece were no longer apparent.
      Splitting of the desmosomes occurred after the development of distended
      intercellular spaces. After 20 hr, that is, in the "healing" phase, the
      appearance suggested that normal maturation of keratinocytes was altered. Also at
      this time a degree of cell separation was still apparent in the outermost
      actively maturing layer of the stratum granulosum. The proteinase inhibitor
      Trasylol was tested for its effect on the toxin when administered up to 45 min
      after challenge.

PMID- 1081559
TI  - [Symposium on the blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. (3) The significance of
      abnormalities of coagulation and fibrinolysis in hepatic disease--upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatic cell necrosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081560
TI  - [Symposium on the blood coagulation and fibrinolysin. (6) Immunological studies
      on hemophilia A, carriers of hemophilia A and von Willebrand's disease (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1081561
TI  - Familial exostosis.

PMID- 1081562
TI  - Second ear stapedectomy--a continued controversy.
AB  - This paper presents the results of an investigation into the effects of
      stapedectomy on vestibular function. We detected a disturbingly high incidence of
      vestibular abnormality in the results of caloric tests at three months
      postoperatively. Surprisingly, this was not usually accompanied by concurrent
      vestibular symptoms and there was no evidence of cochlear dysfunction in most
      cases. Although the caloric response at 12 months postoperatively showed an
      improvement in most instances, the responses rarely became symmetrical. We
      believe that a long-term alteration in vestibular response is not uncommon
      following stapedectomy. Although most patients will compensate quite quickly
      after unilateral stapedectomy we suspect that this occurs much less readily after
      bilateral stapedectomy and not at all should bilateral impairment of vestibular
      function occur. On the basis of this evidence, we submit that bilateral
      stapedectomy is justified only when vestibular function can be shown to be normal
      prior to the second ear operation.

PMID- 1081563
TI  - Reversible hearing loss in tumours of the cerebello-pontine angle.
AB  - A survey of the literature concerning reversible hearing loss in tumours of the
      cerebello-pontine angle is presented together with two additional cases. After
      removal of one meningioma and one epidermoid tumour, respectively, the abolished
      acoustico-vestibular function returned in both cases. The pre-requisites for the
      restoration of hearing are discussed.

PMID- 1081564
TI  - Malpractice insurance rates--what's the answer?

PMID- 1081565
TI  - Judge rules for respirator use and traditional medical standards.

PMID- 1081566
TI  - Childhood lead poisoning and legislative action.

PMID- 1081568
TI  - Editorial: Setting the record straight.

PMID- 1081567
TI  - What the Goldfarb decision means to the medical profession.

PMID- 1081569
TI  - Editorial: Why do physicians usually win in court?

PMID- 1081570
TI  - Editorial: Death decisions.

PMID- 1081571
TI  - Letters to the editor: Radiographic views.

PMID- 1081572
TI  - Letter: Lawsuit motivation.

PMID- 1081573
TI  - Inhibition of magnesium-induced mitogenesis by testosterone.

PMID- 1081574
TI  - The Fc receptor on thymus-derived lymphocytes: II. Mitogen responsiveness of T
      lymphocytes bearing the Fc receptor.
AB  - The responsiveness of purified Fc- and Fc+ T lymphocytes, isolated from normal
      spleen cell populations by cell sorting on the fluorescence activated cell
      sorter, has been examined. Although both Fc- and Fc+ T cells responded to
      phytohemagglutinin, the response to concanavalin A (Con A) was found to be a
      characteristic of the Fc+ T lymphocyte. The poor responsiveness of the Fc- T
      cells to Con A was shown not to be due to a requirement of either different
      concentrations of Con A or for adherent cells. The addition of Fc+ T cells to the
      Fc- T cells in a ratio of 1:3 resulted in a mitotic response not significantly
      different from that observed with the purified Fc+ T cells alone and up to 15
      fold greater than that of Fc- T cells alone. It is suggested that the Fc T cells
      can be recruited into mitosis as a result of Con A stimulation of the Fc+ T
      cells.

PMID- 1081575
TI  - In vitro cell-mediated immune responses to the male specific(H-Y) antigen in
      mice.
AB  - C57BL/10 female mice were primed to the male specific antigen H-Y, either by
      grafting with syngeneic male tail skin or by i.p. injection of syngeneic male
      spleen cells. Primed female spleen cells, either unseparated or filtered through
      nylon wool to remove most of the B lymphocytes, were then cultured for 5 days in
      vitro with irradiated syngeneic male spleen cells and assayed against 51Cr
      labeled target cells. Both unseparated and nylon wool filtered female cells
      displayed significant cytotoxic activity restricted to male target cells.
      Pretreatment of sensitized female cells with antitheta serum and complement just
      before assay abolished cytotoxic responses. We were unable to demonstrate cell
      mediated cytotoxic responses into two nonresponding strains, CBA and B10.A, which
      fail to reject male isografts. The cytotoxic activity of C57BL/10 female cells
      was restricted to male target cells histocompatible with C57BL/10 over at least a
      portion of the major (H-2) histocompatibility complex. We conclude that secondary
      in vitro cytotoxic responses against the H-Y antigen are mediated by cytotoxic T
      lymphocytes, and that the H-Y target cell antigen may be specified by the H-2
      complex.

PMID- 1081576
TI  - Properties of antigen-specific suppressive T-cell factor in the regulation of
      antibody response of the mouse. I. In vivo activity and immunochemical
      characterization.
AB  - An antigen-specific suppressive T-cell factor was extracted from physically
      disrupted thymocytes and spleen cells of mice that had been immunized with
      soluble protein antigens. The factor, when inoculated into syngeneic normal mice,
      could induce a significant suppression of IgG antibody response against a hapten
      coupled to the carrier protein by which the donor of the suppressor factor was
      immunized. The suppressor factor was found only effective in suppressing the
      antibody response of syngeneic or H-2 histocompatible recipients. The suppressive
      T-cell factor was removed by absorption with immunoadsorbent composed of the
      relevant antigen, but not with any of those of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies.
      The factor was successfully removed by alloantibodies with specificity for the K
      end (H-2K, I-A and I-B) of the H-2 complex of the donor strain, but not by those
      for the D end (I-C, SsSlp, and H-2D). The activity was removed by absorption with
      a heterologous antithymocyte serum. The mol wt of the suppression T-cell factor
      was between 35,000 and 60,000 as determined by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. The
      suppressive T-cell factor was found to be a heat-liable protein.

PMID- 1081577
TI  - Abnormal ratio of membrane immunoglobulin classes in mice with an X-linked B
      lymphocyte defect.
AB  - CBA/N mice have an X-linked genetic defect in B-lymphocyte function manifested by
      inability to make antibody responses to T-independent antigens. Plasma membrane
      immunoglobulin (Ig) on spleen, lymph node, and Peyer's patch cells was analyzed
      by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination, NP-40 extraction, specific
      immunoprecipitation, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. These studies indicated that the X-linked immune defect was
      associated, in all three cell types, with a decrease in the ratio of cell
      membrane IgD analog to cell membrane IgM. This suggests either that IgD analog
      may be important in initiation of T-independent antibody responses or that CBA/N
      mice lack a subpopulation of B cells specialized to respond to T-independent
      antigens, and that these cells are relatively rich in plasma membrane IgD analog.

PMID- 1081578
TI  - Fc-receptors, Ia-antigens, and immunoglobulin on normal and activated mouse T
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Using antibody coated bovine erythrocytes we were unable to demonstrate Fc
      receptors on either thymus cells or T cells prepared from lymph node cell
      suspensions by anti-Ig column filtration. However, if parental thymus or lymph
      node T cells were transferred to X-irradiated F1 hybrids, activated donor T cells
      recovered from the recipient's spleen (ATC-spleen) were shown to express Fc
      receptors. Fc-receptors were also demonstrable on ATC-spleen prepared between
      strain combinations differing at the M-locus. In marked contrast, Fc-receptors
      were not detected on ATC recovered from thoracic duct lymph (T.TDL). This applied
      to (a) H-2-activated T.TDL derived from normal thymus cells, (b) H-2-activated
      T.TDL derived from thymus cells depleted of B cells, and (c) M-locus-activated
      T.TDL. Of these three populations, surface Ig (of B cell origin) was detected on
      a large proportion of the first but not on the second and third populations.
      Thus, the failure to detect Fc-receptors on any of these populations could not be
      attributed to blocking by adsorbed surface Ig. In addition, various T-cell
      populations were examined by a microcytotoxicity assay for the presence of cell
      surface Ia-antigens. 5--10% of the thymus cells, 20--30% of cortisone-resistant
      thymus cells, 60--70% of lymph node cells, and 60--80% of ATC-spleen and T.TDL
      showed Ia.

PMID- 1081579
TI  - A glycoprotein associated with the membrane fraction of human B but not T
      lymphocytes.
AB  - A method is described which employs differential centrifugation and sucrose
      density gradient centrifugation to isolate a membrane fraction from human
      lymphocytes. Membrane preparations from long-term human cultured B- and T
      lymphoid lines, peripheral blood lymphocytes, tonsillar lymphocytes, and
      thymocytes were analyzed on 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate-7.5% polyacrylamide gels
      stained for protein and carbohydrate. The most important finding was a major
      glycoprotein of approximately 30,000 daltons associated with the membrane
      preparations from B lymphocytes. T-lymphocyte preparations did not contain
      readily detectable amounts of this membrane-associated component. The T-cell
      lymphoid line MOLT-4 was unique in that it had a narrow protein band at
      approximately 30,000 daltons which did not contain carbohydrate.

PMID- 1081580
TI  - Functional characteristics of Peyer's patch cells. III. Carrier priming of T
      cells by antigen feeding.
AB  - Peyer's patch T cells may serve an important role in the interaction of the host
      with intraluminal gut antigens. Studies presented in this paper demonstrate that
      T cells in murine Peyer's patches can be carrier primed for helper function in
      the induction of an antihapten response by feeding antigen. Carrier priming was
      assessed by measuring the ability of Peyer's patch cells from mice fed
      heterologous erythrocytes to enhance an antitrinitrophenyl (TNP) response in
      vitro when added to normal Peyer's patch cells cultured with TNP coupled to the
      erythrocyte used for feeding. Priming of T helper cells in Peyer's patches was
      antigen specific and occurred when erythrocytes were administered orally but not
      when erythrocytes were injected intravenously or intraperitoneally. Murine
      Peyer's patches are naturally deficient in a cooperating accessory adherent cell
      type(s) required for B-cell induction to humoral antibody synthesis in vitro and
      antigen feeding does not result in significant induction of Peyer's patch B cells
      to humoral antibody synthesis in vivo. Since Peyer's patch T cells can be carrier
      antigen primed for helper function in the absence of B-cell induction to humoral
      antibody synthesis, these studies may indicate that T-cell priming is less
      dependent than B-cell induction on cooperating accessory adherent cells.

PMID- 1081581
TI  - Synergistic and suppressive interactions among mouse T lymphocytes in the
      response to phytohemagglutinin.
AB  - A synergistic effect in the proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
      can be observed in cultures containing a mixture of mouse CBA/Ca lymph node cells
      (LNC) and syngeneic CBA/T6T6 thymocytes (ThC) when compared to cultures
      containing only one cell type. This effect was analyzed, at various days of
      culture and in LNC-ThC mixtures of different ratios, by comparing the origin of
      the cells in mitosis (detected by caryotypic analysis), the stimulation of DNA
      synthesis, the number of blasts, and the percentage of blasts labeled after
      pulses of [3H]thymidine (detected by autoradiography). The following conclusions
      were reached: (a) ThC are induced to proliferate by the presence of LNC, while
      they are almost unresponsive to PHA when cultured alone; and (b) the strongest
      "synergistic" effect is exerted on LNC, whose proliferation is markedly enhanced.
      Evidence is presented that this last effect is not specific to the presence of
      ThC, but results from a dilution of LNC which retards the time when the culture
      reaches a critical concentration of blasts, above which proliferation
      progressively stops. Thus, conditions of culture allowing the response to PHA of
      a low concentration of LNC leads to the most prolonged T-cell proliferation.
      These observations may be relevant to the types of T-cell interactions,
      "synergistic" or "suppressive," occurring during in vitro or in vivo immune
      responses.

PMID- 1081582
TI  - Genetic control of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity.
AB  - CBH to DNP-GL could be elicited only in responder guinea pigs which possess the
      genetic ability to develop classic delayed type hypersensitivity to DNP-PLL, the
      response to which is governed by the same gene. Since the defect in nonresponder
      animals seems to reside at the level of their T cells and not B cells, these
      results lend support to the contention that CBH, as well as DH, is dependent on
      and probably mediated by T cells.

PMID- 1081583
TI  - Studies on the role of the host immune response in recovery from Friend virus
      leukemia. II. Cell-mediated immunity.
AB  - Congenic mouse strains differing only at genes within the H-2 complex were found
      to have virus-specific cytotoxic effector cells in their spleens during or after
      recovery from Friend leukemia virus-induced splenomegaly. These effector cells
      were theta-positive T lymphocytes which functioned in vitro without help or
      inhibition by B lymphocytes or glass-adherent cells. The antigenic specificities
      recognized by the effector cells were viral-induced cellular antigens apparently
      different from those identified by serological techniques.

PMID- 1081584
TI  - Behavioral adaptation in neonatal chicks following embryonic vestibular system
      rearrangement.
AB  - Micro-surgery was performed on chick embryos during the second day of incubation
      (45-50 hours). Either one otocyst was removed or was rotated 180 degrees and
      reimplanted. The chicks' behavior was studied for 1-13 weeks after hatching. The
      unilateral loss or rearrangement of vestibular (and auditory) input led initially
      to abnormal behavior patterns, usually consisting of poor righting reflexes,
      deficits in locomotion, balance and pecking accuracy, and a pronounced head
      nystagmus. However, in every case, these abnormalities were corrected within a
      few days after hatching, so that the operated animals became almost
      indistinguishable from normal controls. Histological evidence confirmed the
      extent of the loss of the vestibular and auditory structures and nuclear
      amalgams. The observed capacity of the neonatal chick to adapt to this sensory
      loss or disorientation is a rather rare example of infraprimate behavioral
      adjustment or modifiability, contrasting with the frequent demonstrations of
      behavioral rigidity in lower forms.

PMID- 1081585
TI  - Activation of phosphorylase in frog muscle as determined by contractile activity.
AB  - The state of activation of phosphorylation in muscle has been reinvestigated by
      combining the extraction procedures of Danforth, Helmreich, and Cori with the low
      temperature techniques of this laboratory. In resting frog muscle, the
      phosphorylase-alpha content is usually below detectability. Upon contractile
      activity in series of twitches, activation of phosphorylase beta to alpha took
      place, without activation of phosphorylase beta kinase as defined by the assay
      procedure. Two different experimental designs were used to examine the relation
      between phosphorylase activation and the myothermally determined energy turnover
      per twitch, and these showed, identically, that the enzyme activation is
      proportional to the energy per twitch.

PMID- 1081586
TI  - Effect of intracranial pressure of meglumine iothalamate ventriculography.
AB  - Intraventricular pressure was studied in 12 patients undergoing ventriculography
      with a water soluble positive contrast medium. Isovolumetric instillation of
      meglumine iothalamate into the lateral ventricles and the anterior part of the
      third ventricle caused only a small increase in ventricular fluid pressure (1.3
      +/- 0.3 mmHg), but the pressure increased markedly (46.3 +/- 3.7 mmHg; P less
      than 0.001) when the contrast medium entered the posterior end of the third
      ventricle, aqueduct of Sylvius,, and fourth ventricle. This sharp increase in
      intracranial pressure could not be attributed solely to the postural changes or
      to alterations in arterial blood pressure. Possible mechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 1081587
TI  - Computerized axial tomography: the normal EMI scan.
AB  - Computerized axial tomography using the EMI scanner as a new method of using x
      rays in diagnosis. The technique displays intracranial and orbital structures in
      the transverse plane. The appearances of normal EMI Scans are described and
      correlated with cerebral and orbital anatomy seen in transverse section.

PMID- 1081588
TI  - Surgical removal at arteriovenous malformations from the brain stem and
      cerebellopontine angle.
AB  - The author reports his surgical experience with five cases of arteriovenous
      malformation of the brain stem and cerebelloppontine angle causing multiple
      hemorrhages and severe neurological deficits. Surgical removal of the lesions had
      good results in four cases; there was one death.

PMID- 1081589
TI  - Chronic petrous pyramid abscess presenting as a cerebellopontine angle mass. Case
      report.
AB  - The authors present the case of a 5-year-old boy with a chronic petrous pyramid
      abscess and without a history of otitis media. Treatment by posterior fossa
      exploration and drainage with antibiotics was successful.

PMID- 1081590
TI  - Use of solid medium techniques to evaluate factors affecting the ability of
      Trichomonas vaginalis to survive freezing.

PMID- 1081591
TI  - Effect of l-5-hydroxytryptophan on brain monoamine metabolism and evaluation of
      its clinical effect in depressed patients.

PMID- 1081592
TI  - The immune response to cancer (part 1).

PMID- 1081593
TI  - Modification of Tanner's operation for bleeding oesophageal varices.

PMID- 1081594
TI  - [Duodenal cirsoid aneurysm treated by embolization(author's transl)].
AB  - A cirsoid aneurysm of the artery to the second part of the duodenum was
      demonstrated by arteriography in a 31 year old man who had had two severe
      unexplained bouts of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The diagnosis was confirmed by
      surgical intervention, and in order to avoid duodenopancreatectomy, the
      malformation was treated by embolization of the gastroduodenal artery during the
      operation.

PMID- 1081595
TI  - Changes in the migration patterns of spleen and lymph node cells associated with
      thymectomy and aging.

PMID- 1081596
TI  - Potentiation of the T lymphocyte response to mitogens: relationship between LAF
      production and "activation" of macrophages.

PMID- 1081599
TI  - BCG revisited.

PMID- 1081600
TI  - The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the N (5') terminal region of gene G
      of bacteriophage phiphiX 174.

PMID- 1081601
TI  - Effect of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) on virus-specific RNA species
      synthesized in Newcastle disease virus-infected cells.
AB  - Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) has no effect on the size or relative proportions
      of Newcastle disease virus-specific 18-22S mRNA species nor on the amount or size
      of the polyadenylic acid associated with them. Cordycepin does, however, cause an
      inhibition of incorporation of [3H]uridine into 50S virus-specific RNA relative
      to 18-22S RNA. This inhibition is probably not a direct effect of the drug on the
      synthesis of 50S viral RNA. Like cycloheximide, another drug which inhibits 50S
      RNA accumulation in paramyxovirus-infected cells, cordycepin inhibits protein
      synthesis as measured by amino acid incorporation. It is likely that the
      inhibition of 50S RNA accumulation is a secondary effect of protein synthesis
      inhibition. This is supported by the finding that concentrations of cordycepin
      and cycloheximide, which inhibit protein synthesis to the same extent, have the
      same effect on the ratio of 50 to 18-22S virus-specific RNA.

PMID- 1081602
TI  - Replication and persistence of measles virus in defined subpopulations of human
      leukocytes.
AB  - Replication of Edmonston strain measles virus was studied in several human
      lymphoblast lines, as well as in defined subpopulations of circulating human
      leukocytes. It was found that measles virus can productively infect T cells, B
      cells, and monocytes from human blood. These conclusions were derived from
      infectious center studies on segregated cell populations, as well as from
      ultrastructural analyses on cells labeled with specific markers. In contrast,
      mature polymorphonuclear cells failed to synthesize measles virus nucleocapsids
      even after infection at a relatively high multiplicity of infection. Measles
      virus replicated more efficiently in lymphocytes stimulated with mitogens than in
      unstimulated cells. However, both phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen had a
      negligible stimulatory effect on viral synthesis in purified populations of
      monocytes. In all instances the efficiency of measles virus replication by
      monocytes was appreciably less than that of mitogenically stimulated lymphocytes
      or of continuously culture lymphoblasts. Under standard conditions of infection,
      all of the surveyed lymphoblast lines produced equivalent amounts of measles
      virus regardless of the major histocompatibility (HL-A) haplotype. Hence, no
      evidence was found that the HL-A3,7 haplotype conferred either an advantage or
      disadvantage with respect to measles virus synthesis in an immunologically
      neutral environment. A persistent infection with measles virus could be
      established in both T and B lymphoblasts. The release of infectious virus from
      such persistently infected cells was stable over a period of several weeks and
      was approximately 100-fold less than peak viral titers obtained in each
      respective line after acute infection.

PMID- 1081603
TI  - Identification of complement-receptor lymphocytes (B cells) in lymph nodes and
      tumor infiltrates.
AB  - To monitor the distribution of lymphocyte sub-populations infiltrating tumors, a
      simplified modification of standard techniques was developed to identify the
      complement-receptor B lymphocytes in frozen tissue sections. This technique is
      based on binding of antibody-coated bovine erythrocytes by B lymphocytes in the
      presence of sub-hemolytic concentrations of mouse complement. B lymphocytes can
      be identified in frozen tissue sections by adherent sensitized bovine
      erythrocytes. The specificity of the technique for B lymphocytes was established
      by 1) absence of spontaneous rosette formation with bovine erythrocytes by human
      T lymphocytes, 2) specific binding of bovine erythrocyte-antibody-complement
      complexes to B cell regions of normal lymph nodes and spleen and 3) binding of
      erythrocyte-antibody-complement to a high proportion of chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia (a B cell leukemia) lymphocytes. Five transitional carcinomas studied
      had regions of mononuclear infiltration that were virtually devoid of complement
      receptor lymphocytes. The results suggest that lymphocytes infiltrating bladder
      carcinomas may be predominantly T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1081604
TI  - A patient with Kartagener and Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndromes.

PMID- 1081605
TI  - Letter: Treatment of Kallmann syndrome.

PMID- 1081606
TI  - [New approach in gasserian ganglion block by introducing the needle from under
      the mandibular bone].

PMID- 1081607
TI  - [Angiography of gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1081608
TI  - Allergic contact dermatitis.

PMID- 1081609
TI  - [Iatrogenic incidents related to obstetrics. 6. Errors in identification (2)].

PMID- 1081610
TI  - [Nursing practice and observation of patients with hemorrhage of the upper
      gastrointestinal system].

PMID- 1081611
TI  - [Nursing and instructions on daily activities for puerperal patients with a
      history of massive hemorrhage during delivery].

PMID- 1081612
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hemorrhage - with special reference to hematemesis and melena].

PMID- 1081613
TI  - [Sudden massive hemorrhage in the field of gyneco-obstetrics - with special
      reference to clinical characteristics of various types of acute hemorrhage in
      obstetrics].

PMID- 1081615
TI  - [Lecture by Dr. Jeanne Quint Benoliel: Methodology of nursing research].

PMID- 1081614
TI  - [Research and trends in attitudes towards cleanliness of the skin of newborn
      infants in Japan].

PMID- 1081616
TI  - [Lecture by Dr. Jeanne Quint Benoliel: Problems related to clinical research].

PMID- 1081617
TI  - [Contamination of food by oral bacteria. I. Bacterial contamination of powdered
      milk and infant formula and bacterial growth during preservation].

PMID- 1081618
TI  - [Difference in psychological structure of the patient and nurse and their
      interactions - analysis of nurse-patient relationship].

PMID- 1081619
TI  - [Comparison between the patient and nurse in their awareness of importance of
      cleanliness].

PMID- 1081620
TI  - [Conference report: study on cleanliness of the bag catheter].

PMID- 1081621
TI  - [Discussion of the report on cleanliness of the bag catheter: Necessity of inter
      disciplinary viewpoint in nursing].

PMID- 1081622
TI  - [Researches conducted in Japan on nursing actions concerning patients' posture].

PMID- 1081623
TI  - [Emotion, mood and posture].

PMID- 1081624
TI  - [Posture, circulation and respiration].

PMID- 1081625
TI  - [Discussion: Meeting point of patient's needs and medical and nursing necessity
      concerning posture].

PMID- 1081626
TI  - [The relationship between parents' health status and body image of their
      children].

PMID- 1081627
TI  - [Effect of preoperative visit by operating room nurses].

PMID- 1081628
TI  - [Book review by discussion: on "To be a nurse"].

PMID- 1081629
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhage from the upper regions of the
      gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1081630
TI  - [Melatonin biosynthesis in the mammalian retina in dependence of light adaptation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. The biosynthesis of melatonin was investigated in retinaextracts of bovine
      eyes in dependence of light adaptation of the animals. S-adenososyl (Methyl-14C)
      methionin and acetylserotonin were used as substrates. A higher melatonin
      biosynthesis was found in the retina from animals which were adapted to lower
      illumination. 2. The effect of triamterene on the biosynthesis of melatonin in
      the retina was examined. An increase of melatonin was found in the presence of
      the diureticum, which is a pteridine compound, when retinas of animals which were
      kept under low illumination were investigated. The role of melatoninsynthesis in
      dark adaptation is discussed and it is pointed to a possible danger of blinding
      in patients which used triamterene. Furthermore it is suggested that triamterene
      also increases the melatoninsynthesis in the pineal gland and that this may
      possibly contribute to an understanding of the effect of the diurecticum.

PMID- 1081631
TI  - Rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Major pathway for thoracic duct lymphocyte
      circulation.
AB  - The demonstration of a preponderance of T cells in the thoracic duct lymph of
      rabbits prompted us to initiate cytokinetic studies using both uridine- and
      thymidine-labeled thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL). Rabbits received intravenous
      injections of 8 to 11 X 10(8) autologous or allogeneic TDL, 95 per cent of which
      had incorporated 3H-uridine during a 1-hour in vitro incubation. Autoradiographs
      of tissues collected 24 hours after injection of TDL failed to demonstrate any
      trapping of label in liver or in vivo reutilization of 3H-uridine. No differences
      in the distribution of labeled cells were noted between recipients of autologous
      and allogeneic TDL. The paracortical areas of lymph nodes and periarterial areas
      of splenic follicles contained many heavily labeled cells; these areas therefore
      appear to correspond to thymus-dependent areas as in other rodents. The tonsils
      contained densely packed sheets of labeled cells. In the tonsillar but not in
      other germinal centers, evenly distributed, lightly labeled cells were seen.
      Small clusters of heavily labeled cells were seen in the bronchus-associated
      lymphoid tissue. In the appendix, sacculus rotundus, and Peyer's patches (GALT)
      densely packed, heavily labeled cells were seen in the interfollicular areas;
      fewer, heavily labeled cells were scattered throughout the dome and corona of
      GALT. In the dome and corona, however, there were many lightly labeled cells. The
      germinal centers of GALT were lacking totally in uridine-labeled cells. Some 20
      per cent of TDL collected 24 hours after injection of uridine-labeled TDL were
      labeled, thereby reflecting considerable recirculation of TDL. Injection of 24 to
      48 X 10(6) thymidine-labeled immunoblasts, obtained from TDL incubated with 3H
      thymidine in vitro, into autologous or allogeneic recipients killed 24 hours
      later, revealed heavily labeled cells in the intestinal lamina propria, the dome,
      corona, and interfollicular areas of GALT, as well as throughout the spleen,
      lymph nodes, and tonsils. There was a 2- to 3-fold higher concentration of
      labeled cells in the appendiceal and mesenteric lymph nodes than in respective
      popliteal nodes. The potential significance of this differential distribution
      together with the homing-circulation patterns of these cells in GALT are
      discussed with regard to differentiation of IgA-producing cells. It is concluded
      that rabbit GALT contains a substantial number of cells belonging to the pool of
      recirculating lymphocytes and that B and T cells in the thoracic duct may have
      different rates of uridine incorporation as has been shown in other rodents.

PMID- 1081632
TI  - Mosaic model for color vision.

PMID- 1081633
TI  - The late effects of selected immunosuppressants on immunocompetence, disease
      incidence, and mean life-span. I. Humoral immune activity.
AB  - The effect of different immunosuppressive treatments during young adulthood or
      humoral immune competence late in life was determined. It was found that the
      marked reduction in humoral immune competence in aged mice is further compromised
      when severe insults are administered early in life. Thus, thymectomy,
      splenectomy, and sublethal X-irradiation produced lasting immunodepression as
      measured (1) in situ and (2) by the hemolysin, direct and indirect plaque forming
      cell responses of adoptively transferred spleen cells. In contrast, treatment
      with cyclophosphamide and cortisone acetate were without effect, indicating that
      drug-damaged cells of the immune system were replaced by competent cells during
      the course of time. Decrease in immune competence of aged thymectomized animals
      could not be correlated with a decrease in numbers of theta-bearing T or
      immunoglobulin receptor-bearing B lymphocytes. The significance of the observed
      unequal effects of these immunosuppressants on immune competence, as they relate
      to disease incidence and life expectancy, are dealt with in the third paper in
      this series.

PMID- 1081634
TI  - The effect of a serotonin uptake inhibitor (Lilly 110140) on the sercretion of
      prolactin in the rat.

PMID- 1081635
TI  - Structure-activity relationships of melatonin and related indoleamines.

PMID- 1081636
TI  - [Dynamics of vestibular symptomatology in combined treatment of tumors of
      posterior cranial fossa in children].

PMID- 1081637
TI  - [Combined therapy of septic shock using steroids and a proteinase inhibitor].

PMID- 1081638
TI  - [Pathology of soft-tissue rheumatism].

PMID- 1081639
TI  - [Physical therapy and rehabilitation in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1081640
TI  - Possible identification of mast cells as specialised post-mitotic cells.

PMID- 1081641
TI  - Letter: T lymphocytes in rheumatoid synovia.

PMID- 1081642
TI  - Editorial: Unmasking the heterogeneity of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 1081643
TI  - Codes of practice.

PMID- 1081644
TI  - The PRN (Pool of Reserve Nurses) scheme and the theatre.

PMID- 1081645
TI  - On selling washing machines.

PMID- 1081646
TI  - Radiography in the operating theatre.

PMID- 1081647
TI  - Behavioural objectives for post-basic students in the operating department.

PMID- 1081648
TI  - The nurse in a British department of anaesthetics.

PMID- 1081649
TI  - Clonal growth of Hodgkin cells.

PMID- 1081650
TI  - Temporary presence of self-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes during murine
      lymphocytic choriomeningitis.

PMID- 1081651
TI  - Inversion of levels of human T and B cells in early pregnancy.

PMID- 1081652
TI  - Stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by insoluble anti-mouse immunoglobulin.

PMID- 1081653
TI  - Are immunoglobulins integral membrane proteins?

PMID- 1081654
TI  - IgM the secretory immunoglobulin of reptiles and amphibians.

PMID- 1081655
TI  - Letter: H-2 antigen restriction of viral infection.

PMID- 1081656
TI  - Influence of L-3-methoxytyrosine on monoamine synthesis in rat brain.
AB  - Rats were injected i.p. with L-3-methoxytyrosine, 100 or 300 mg/kg. One h later
      brain, liver, heart and blood plasma were analyzed for catecholamines and their
      precursors. In brain Dopa as well as dopamine and noradrenaline levels were
      unchanged, while demethylation of L-3-methoxytyrosine might have occurred in
      peripheral organs since Dopa levels in liver and dopamine in heart were elevated.
      3-Methoxytyramine could not be detected in brain and liver after treatment with L
      3-methoxytyrosine. Monoamine synthesis in vivo was measured in whole brain by
      determining the accumulation of Dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan 30 min after the
      i.p. injection of NSD 1015(3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine HC1, 100 mg/kg), an inhibitor
      of the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase. L-3-Methoxytyrosine attenuated the
      formation of Dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan by about 25% in brain tissue. The
      effect was paralleled by a decrease in the brain concentration of tryptophan.

PMID- 1081657
TI  - Change in the proportion of T and B lymphocytes in human malignant neoplasia in
      relation to the clinical stage.
AB  - Formation of spontaneous (E--erythrocyte) and immune (EAC--erythrocyte, antibody,
      complement) rosettes of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) with peripheral blood T and
      B lymphocytes, respectively, was used for quantitative assessment of these
      lymphocytes populations in tumor patients and control subjects. Relative counts
      of T and B lymphocytes have been correlated with lymphocyte survival in short
      term cultures using standard subtoxic doses of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The mean
      values and SE in normal control subjects for E rosettes (T lymphocytes) were 72.8
      +/- 1.2%, for EAC rosettes (B lymphocytes) 23.8 +/- 2.5% of lymphocyte
      population. The survival of lymphocytes in short-term cultures with PHA in
      control subjects was 55.3 +/- 1.1%. In tumor patients the counts of E, EAC
      rosettes and percentage of lymphocyte survival in short-term PHA cultures were
      dependent upon the clinical stage. In patients with localized tumors the values
      were similar to controls. In patients where dissemination of the tumorous process
      could be ascertained a decrease of T lymphocyte counts, an increase of B
      lymphocyte counts and a higher survival of peripheral blood lymphocytes in short
      term cultures with PHA was found.

PMID- 1081658
TI  - Migration inhibition of peritoneal cells and PHA lymphocyte toxicity in rats
      during methylcholanthrene carcinogenesis.
AB  - Peritoneal exudate cells obtained from rats bearing primary methylcholanthrene
      induced tumors were shown to be inhibited in their capillary tube migration
      capacity as compared to cells from nontreated control litter-mates. The survival
      of rat peripheral blood lymphocytes harvested from the same individuals were
      tested simultaneously in short-term cultures with a standard concentration of
      Phytohemagglutinin. Lymphocytes from tumor-bearing rats survived better than
      control lymphocytes in 24-hour cultures with Phytohemagglutinin. A correlation
      was found from a comparison of the results of these two methods. These findings
      are discussed with regard to the possibility of T cells depletion from peripheral
      lymphocyte population, together with the enrichment of this population with B
      cells in tumor-bearing individuals.

PMID- 1081660
TI  - Descending septal coronary artery.

PMID- 1081659
TI  - [Glomerulonephritis and sarcoidosis: study of a case].
AB  - A case of rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis accompanied by sarcoidosis is
      presented. The immunological pathogenesis of the underlying disease was shown by
      the positivity of the reactions for anti-IgA and anti-betal C/beta 1 A globulins
      and the presence of thick deposits in the mesexential matrix and some parts of
      the thickened basal membrane. Since generalised sarcoidosis is regarded as the
      expression of an immunological reaction to an unknown, diffuse antigen, this type
      of glomerulonephritis may be associated with the particular immunopathological
      condition observed in sarcoidosis.

PMID- 1081661
TI  - Main left coronary artery disease. Risk of coronary angiography and bypass
      surgery.

PMID- 1081662
TI  - Clinical conference: Lower esophageal lesion with bleeding.

PMID- 1081663
TI  - Maternal deaths involving lower nephron nephrosis.

PMID- 1081664
TI  - Thymus-dependent lymphocyte function in dimethylnitrosamine-induced renal
      carcinogenesis is not depressed.
AB  - As one measure of cell-mediated immunity, the blastogenic response of enriched
      spleen lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) was assayed at sequential daily
      and weekly intervals following the administration of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) as
      a single dose sufficient to induce renal tumours in 100% of surviving rats. PHA
      responsiveness of DMN-treated rats was not suppressed at any stage of tumour
      induction in contrast to rats which had been intentionally immunodepressed by
      neonatal thymectomy. It was concluded that DMN is unlikely to facilitate the
      cancer process by impairing thymus-dependent lymphocyte function.

PMID- 1081665
TI  - [Immunologic types of lymphocytes in acute lymphatic leukemia during remission
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The rates of B and T-cell-subpopulations of lymphocytes were examined on 15
      children with acute lymphatic leukemia during the first complete remission under
      maintenance in the Pinkel VII scheme and in 6 further cases with modification of
      this scheme of treatment compared to normal children in the same age groups.
      Further on 4 children during a relapse, on 1 during the second remission, and on
      3 during  long-term remissions. The most important result was a significant
      reduction of B cells during intensive maintenance therapy of the Pinkel scheme.
      In the few cases of long-term remissions a reduction of B cells was no longer
      observed.

PMID- 1081666
TI  - T cell leukaemia in the rat: the pathophysiology.
AB  - A new transplantable lymphocytic leukaemia of the inbred Hooded Oxford strain of
      rat is described. Fewer than 10 cells will transfer to syngeneic recipients.
      Leukaemic cells bear the surface markers of thymus-derived (T) cells and
      recirculate from blood to lymph. In contrast to the usual thymic lymphomas of
      rodents the pathophysiology of the disease bears a close resemblance to human
      acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

PMID- 1081667
TI  - [Clinical data and electroencephalographic study of residual disorders in
      children recovered from meningitis of various etiologies].

PMID- 1081668
TI  - [Control of the chemicoprevention of threatened tuberculosis of a group of
      children and adolescents in a rural region].

PMID- 1081669
TI  - [Criteria of the effectiveness of the stay of children and adolescents at
      specialized boarding-schools].

PMID- 1081670
TI  - [Treatment of generalized form of histiocytosis X in children with vinblastine
      and prednisone].

PMID- 1081671
TI  - Lymphocyte surface receptors in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - B and T lymphocyte surface receptors were studied in the bone marrow and
      peripheral blood of 16 patients with childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia. T cell
      surface receptors were identified on the blasts of one patient. Increased
      percentages of T or B cell surface receptors were not found in the bone marrow of
      the other 15 patients. There was a negative correlation between the percentage of
      pathologic cells in the peripheral blood and the percentage of cells with T and B
      surface receptors. The results of this study indicate that childhood acute
      lymphocytic leukemia is a heterogeneous disease in terms of lymphocyte surface
      receptors and that the pathologic cells of the majority of patients with this
      disease cannot be identified as being of thymic or non-thymic origin.

PMID- 1081673
TI  - Neonatal intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants.
AB  - Since the advent of modern methods of neonatal care, intracranial hemorrhage in
      premature infants, which is usually intraventricular, is probably not as
      uniformly fatal as generally admitted and the survivors are likely to develop
      post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus. This paper is a retrospective study of 11
      premature babies born between 1968 and 1972 and diagnosed as having hydrocephalus
      secondary to neonatal intracranial hemorrhage. Nine of these are still alive and
      two have died, one at 3 and one at 17 months of age. Eight underwent permanant
      surgical drainage of hydrocephalus. The perinatal history, laboratory data,
      clinical evolution, and neurological outcome were studied. Two groups of infants
      were identified; those with signs of acute neurological deterioration in the
      neonatal period who had the most severe neurological sequellae (in four cases,
      periventricular lesions in addition to hydrocephalus were seen on the air study
      and in one case confirmed at autopsy) and those showing no obvious neurological
      signs in the neonatal period. Of this latter group, two appear to be developing
      normally. The therapeutic implications of the findings are discussed.

PMID- 1081672
TI  - Hemophilus influenzae b pericarditis in children.
AB  - Recent experience in the diagnosis and management of Hemophilus influenzae b
      pericarditis is described in five children. Anterior pericardectomy appears to be
      the preferred method of surgical drainage because it was associated with a
      shorter hospitalization than pericardiocentesis or closed or open pericardotomy
      and removed the risk of recurrent cardiac tamponade and constrictive
      pericarditis. Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis of sera and pericardial fluid
      was used to rapidly identify the etiology of pericarditis in four of four
      patients tested. The observation that three children appeared to develop
      pericarditis in the absence of a contiguous infectious focus suggests that
      bacteremic seeding of the pericardium may be important in the pathogenesis of
      this disease.

PMID- 1081674
TI  - [Physiology and pathology of thymus gland in childhood].

PMID- 1081675
TI  - [System of cellular immunity in early ontogenesis].

PMID- 1081676
TI  - [Relationship between the populations of lymphoid cells in certain
      lymphoproliferative diseases].

PMID- 1081677
TI  - Potassium accumulation in the perinodal space of frog myelinated axons.
AB  - 1. Voltage clamp experiments were carried out on frog myelinated fibres to study
      the origin of the transient inward current occuring when the membrane is
      repolarized after long lasting depolarizing pulses (tail current denominated "Ip"
      by Frankenhaeuser). 2. The "tail" of inward current measured during
      repolarization after break of the depolarizing pulse is insensitive to external
      application of TTX, is abolished by external treatment with TEA or Cs and
      decreases when the outward K-current during the pulse is diminished. 3. The time
      course of the "tail" current is exponential. Its direction depends on the
      duration of the depolarizing pulse and on the membrane potential level at
      repolarization. 4. It is concluded that the tail of inward current during
      repolarization is carried by K-ions accumulated in the perinodal space during a
      depolarizing pulse. The data suggest that the tail reflects the time course of
      the restoration of the K-concentration to its initial level. The tail current
      itself contributes to this restoration depending on the Em value at
      repolarization. 5. It is shown that one of the two phenomenological models
      proposed by Frankenhaeuser and Hodgkin to account for the external potassium
      accumulation observed in the squid giant axon may be also applied to the Ranvier
      node. Assuming that the thickness of the space is 2900 A and that the K
      permeability of the barrier is 0.019 cm/sec, it is possible to account for the
      observed changes in [K]0 during a long lasting depolarizing pulse. 6. The
      existence of such a barrier would introduce an electrical resistance in series
      with the nodal membrane of roughly 150 000 omega.

PMID- 1081678
TI  - Transient current changes and Na compartimentalization in frog skin epithelium.
AB  - Experimental conditions are described in which transient and positive current
      responses across isolated frog skin epithelia can be elicited by sudden addition
      of Na and Li ions (2--40 mM) in the outer bathing solutions. Subsequent return to
      outer Na (or Li) free conditions produce similar transient current changes but in
      the opposite direction. Analysis of the curve responses shows that the transient
      component of each curve is best described by a single, fast exponential term
      equation in case of Na addition to preparation unpoisonned with ouabain. In
      contrast, an equation including two exponential terms (a fast and a slow one) is
      required to fit the curve responses observed across ouabain treated epithelia or
      if Li is added outside. The transient responses were not significantly altered by
      substituying Cl for SO4(2)-anions. They were completely prevented by Amiloride (5
      10(-5) M), increased by oxytocin (20 mU/ml) and markedly dependent upon the outer
      Na concentration. Interpreted in term of compartmental analysis, these
      observations suggest that a) the frog skin epithelium contains 2 separated but
      communicating compartments having different degrees of accessibility from
      outside; b) only that compartment filling at a fast rate (0.5 min) is involved in
      the transepithelial Na transport; c) the other one, filling at a rate of 4 to 7
      min, is resplenished only under conditions where the basal pump system has a
      reduced activity. Tentative localization of these compartment is proposed.

PMID- 1081679
TI  - Na and K movements across the membranes of frog skin epithelia associated with
      transient current changes.
AB  - The ionic composition of the current crossing each membrane of the frog skin
      epithelia during a) the positive and transient current responses elicited by
      sudden addition of Na ions to the outer Na free medium b) the negative and
      transient current responses observed when Na loaded preparations are suddenly
      exposed to outer Na free solution was determined using isotopic techniques. It is
      shown that Na ions carry the current across the outer membrane while K ions are
      mainly involved in the transfert of charges across the inner membrane. The amount
      of Na accumulated by the epithelial cells during the responses is correlated to
      the area under the transient part of the current responses. Determinations of
      24Na uptake at different time of these transient positive responses show that the
      unidirectional Na influx across the outer membrane decreases as a function of
      time. It is suggested that the intracellular Na concentration might control the
      Na uptake mechanism across the outer membrane. During the negative responses, the
      Na efflux into the outer medium is highly correlated, either in time course or
      magnitude, to the current response. Both Na efflux and negative current are
      sensitive to amiloride, suggesting that the mechanism of Na uptake by the frog
      skin also is able to promote Na movement out of the epithelial cells.

PMID- 1081680
TI  - The comparative effects of (Ca2+) and (Mg2+) on on tension generation in the
      fibers of skinned frog skeletal muscle and mechanically disrupted rat ventricular
      cardiac muscle.
AB  - The effects of intracellular Mg2+ on Ca2+-activated isometric tension generation
      in rat cardiac muscle fibers and frog skeletal muscle were compared. The
      membranous sarcolemmal barrier was removed from rat cardiac muscle fibers by
      mechanical disruption and from frog skeletal muscle by skinning. Tension was
      recorded in the fibers in bathing solutions of different Ca2+ concentrations and
      either 5 X 10(-5) M or 1 X 10(-3) M Mg2+ concentration (the same concentrations
      used in a previous study on single skinned frog skeletal muscle fibers [3]). The
      amount of Ca2+ required to activate the muscle increased with Mg2+ concentration
      for both rat ventricular muscle and frog skeletal muscle. These data indicate
      that intracellular Mg2+ concentration could strongly modulate Ca2+-activated
      tension in cardiac muscle and that very similar molecular mechanisms are
      responsible for Ca2+-activated tension in rat ventricular muscle and frog
      skeletal muscle. The possible sites of action of Mg2+ on Ca2+-activated tension
      are discussed.

PMID- 1081681
TI  - Influence of the membrane stabilizer diphenylhydantoin on potassium and sodium
      movements in skeletal muscle.
AB  - The membrane stabilizer diphenylhydantoin (DPH) did not alter the net content of
      Na, K, Ca or Mg in frog sartorius muscle freshly incubated or actively
      transporting Na and K following Na-loading and K-depletion. Resting influx of K
      from normal Ringer was significantly reduced by DPH, and this inhibition occurred
      in the ouabain-insensitive K-uptake. Inhibition of K-influx by DPH was overcome
      when [K]0 was raised to 10 mM, and Rb-influx was not sensitive to the inhibitor
      in 2.5 mM Rb-Ringer. Efflux of tracer K was reduced by DPH in the presence and
      absence of ouabain. Exchange of muscle Na was not affected under conditions in
      which K-exchange was significantly reduced, but DPH appeared to cause increased
      net loss of Na from muscles washed in Na-free medium. The inhibition of DPH of
      resting K-exchange was not sensitive to wide variations in [Na]0 or in [Ca]0. The
      results suggest that the effect of DPH on frog skeletal muscle in normal ionic
      environment is to reduce the resting, passive component of K-exchange across the
      fibre membrane. This effect is discussed in relation to the membrane stabilizing
      actions of diphenylhydantoin.

PMID- 1081682
TI  - [Treatment of hemophilia with immunologic inhibitor of factor VIII by using
      "activated" coagulant fractions].
AB  - Bleeding episodes in hemophiliacs with inhibitor to factor VIII are often
      dramatic situations. High level inhibitors do not respond to massive amount of
      factor VIII and are often refractory to immunosuppressive drugs such as
      cyclophosphamide. In this situation it has been proposed to use "activated
      prothrombin complex" to control bleeding in hemophilic patients with inhibitors.
      A plasmatic fraction "Auto IX" has been used successfully for the treatment of an
      intestinal hemorrhage in a patient with an inhibitor to F. VIII. Possible
      mechanisms of action as well as potential thrombotic danger of such concentrate
      are discussed.

PMID- 1081683
TI  - [Letter: Elevation of the absolute number of T-lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia].

PMID- 1081684
TI  - [Letter: Role of T-lymphocytes in the pathogenicity of Mycoplasma pulmoni in
      mice].

PMID- 1081685
TI  - [Coronary collateral circulation. Anatomic pathways and functional significance].

PMID- 1081686
TI  - [Is triacetyl oleandomycin-ergotamine tartrate combination dangerous?].
AB  - The authors report a case of ischaemia of all four limbs in an adolescent
      following the simultaneous ingestion of triacetyl oleandomycin and ergotamine
      tartrate in low dosage. Two cases involving this same association of medications
      have appeared in the literature and attention is therefore drawn to the possible
      danger of use of these two drugs together.

PMID- 1081687
TI  - The Boerema button.

PMID- 1081688
TI  - Primary pulmonary histiocytosis X: immunological analysis in two cases.

PMID- 1081689
TI  - [Distribution of K-42 between erythrocytes and plasma and its dependence on
      fibrinolytic activity].

PMID- 1081690
TI  - [Allogenic rosette formation as a possible marker of human B-lymphocytes].

PMID- 1081691
TI  - [Use of plasmapheresis in a goat for obtaining large amount of antiglobulin serum
      for Coombs' test].

PMID- 1081692
TI  - Components of O2-uptake by excised frog nerve dependent upon externally supplied
      sodium ions.
AB  - The steady rate of oxygen uptake of excised frog nerves equilibrated in a
      solution having a very low concentration of sodium ions increases to a new high
      steady rate when equilibrated with a solution containing a high concentration of
      this ion. The increase is suppressed by ouabain, indicating participation of the
      sodium pump. Part of this sodium-activated increase in oxygen uptake is inhibited
      by tetrodotoxin, indicating that passive influx of sodium ions into axons is part
      of the total process. Thus, two pathways for passive sodium influx into axons are
      suggested by these experiments. Procedures known to increase the passive
      permeability of axons for sodium ions also increase this sodium-activated oxygen
      uptake. A mechanism is proposed to explain that part of the sodium-activated
      oxygen uptake that is inhibited by tetrodotoxin.

PMID- 1081693
TI  - New approach to antifolate treatment of certain cancers as demonstrated in tissue
      culture.
AB  - The selective toxicity of antifolates for a variety of cancers can be improved,
      as illustrated by the combined administration of N5-methyltetrahydrofolate and
      methotrexate in tissue culture. When a variety of neoplastic cell types
      characterized by a deficiency of vitamin B12-dependent N5-methyltetrahydrofolate
      methyltransferase (5-methyltetrahydropteroyl-L-glutamate:L-homocysteine S
      methyltransferase, EC 2.1.1.13) and normal adult cells are grown in media
      containing methotrexate and either N5-methyltetrahydrofolate or N5
      formyltetrahydrofolate, not only is the selective toxicity of methotrexate
      demonstrated, but the advantage of using N5-methyltetrahydrofolate in place of N5
      formyltetrahydrofolate is also revealed. The implications and applications of
      this particular combination in the treatment of human cancer are discussed.

PMID- 1081694
TI  - Membrane particles on fracture faces of frozen myelin.
AB  - Freeze-fracture electron microscopy reveals constant and widespread presence of
      membrane particles on the fracture faces of frozen myelin. In unfixed myelin
      frozen shortly after dissection the distribution of the particles is uniform. In
      glutaraldehyde-fixed and/or glycerol-impregnated myelin the particles frequently
      occupy a network interspersed with circumscribed particle-free areas of variable
      dimension. In these membranes the network of particles is propagated radially
      across many lamellae. Particle-rich areas are closely apposed and contrast with
      frequent delamination of adjacent particle-free regions. We propose that, as in
      other plasma membranes, the particles of myelin represent protein-containing
      structures intercalated across the hydrophobic matrix of a membrane with bilayer
      organization. Our results indicate that these structures contain sites which
      mutually interact at the surface of apposed membranes and may be important in
      maintaining the organizational integrity of myelin.

PMID- 1081695
TI  - Autoimmunity in diseases of the thyroid, adrenals and gonads in man. Assessment
      of T, B and K cells in man.

PMID- 1081696
TI  - Role of thymus grafting in treatment of immunodeficiency.

PMID- 1081697
TI  - Electrotherapy and exercises for stress incontinence and urinary frequency.

PMID- 1081698
TI  - Diazepam depolarization of presynaptic terminals in bullfrog sympathetic ganglia:
      mediation through GABA?

PMID- 1081699
TI  - Near-fatal hemorrhage following gastrografin studies.
AB  - The use of upper gastrointestinal studies followed by gastric drainage and
      observation is recommended for the evaluation and treatment of stomal dysfunction
      due to edema or gastric atony. Gastrografin though, may be precipitated out and
      can cause gastrointestinal bleeding if left in the gastric remenant. This agent
      should be used with proper precautions in the evaluation of postoperative gastric
      retention.

PMID- 1081700
TI  - Participation of the external and internal carotid arteries in the blood supply
      of acoustic neurinomas.
AB  - Six cases of acoustic neurinoma are presented in which the tumor is supplied by
      branches of the external carotid artery, with or without supply from the internal
      carotid artery. A new angiographic protocol for the investigation of masses in
      the cerebellopontine angle is suggested. According to early results of the CT
      scan, acoustic neurinomas always appear to be hypervascular following the
      injection of contrast media.

PMID- 1081702
TI  - [Editorial: Number of physicians in Brazil].

PMID- 1081701
TI  - [Procedure technique in cases of obliterating arteriosclerosis coexisting with
      ulcer illness of stomach and duodenum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081703
TI  - [Pyelonephritis and chronic renal failure].

PMID- 1081704
TI  - [Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver].

PMID- 1081705
TI  - [Acute nontraumatic cholecystopathies].

PMID- 1081706
TI  - [Microsurgery of the vas deferens. Experimental study].

PMID- 1081707
TI  - [Repercussion of pancreatic volume in the frontal radiography of the stomach].

PMID- 1081708
TI  - [Duodenal invasion by gastric cancer].

PMID- 1081709
TI  - [Morphogenesis of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome].

PMID- 1081710
TI  - [Blood sugar in Indians of Surui, Gavioes and Xikrin villages].

PMID- 1081711
TI  - [Exploratory laparotomy as a therapeutic and diagnostic technic in acute and
      upper gastrointestinal hemorrhages (personal experience in 42 cases)].

PMID- 1081712
TI  - Psychiatric aspects of rheumatic disorders.

PMID- 1081713
TI  - [Intra-articular administration of trasylol in arthrosis of the knee].

PMID- 1081714
TI  - [Mental abnormalities and social integration].

PMID- 1081715
TI  - [Norwegian child psychiatry].

PMID- 1081716
TI  - [A case of traumatic intracerebellar hematoma].

PMID- 1081717
TI  - [Subdural hematoma with unusual localization: posttraumatic infratemporal
      hematoma].

PMID- 1081718
TI  - [Vasomotor disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 1081719
TI  - [Nocturnal paradoxical dyskinesia in the paraplegic form of multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 1081720
TI  - [Indications and contraindications of corticoid therapy in cerebral vascular
      accidents].

PMID- 1081721
TI  - [Diagnostic value of oculo-facial reflexes].

PMID- 1081722
TI  - [EEG contribution to psychiatric diagnosis and expertise].

PMID- 1081723
TI  - [Clinical research on the Kestenbaum syndrome (syndrome of the periaqueductal
      gray matter)].

PMID- 1081724
TI  - Cellular reactions to mycoplasma and aggregated IgG in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 1081725
TI  - Mitogens of B and T cells from peripheral blood in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 36 cases, and normal subjects, 49 cases
      were studied by lymphocyte cultures stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA),
      Concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Con A convalently bound to
      Sepharose 4 B (Con A-S). The comparisons between the two groups showed a
      significant difference between the RA lymphocytes and the control lymphocytes
      stimulated by PHA and Con A. However, no statistical difference was found between
      the two lymphocyte populations stimulated by PWM and Con A-S. In order to
      determine the lymphocyte population stimulated by each mitogen, separation of B
      and T cells from peripheral blood was performed according to the ability for the
      T cell population to bind the sheep red blood cells (rosette-forming cells). The
      T cell-rich population was only stimulated by PHA, Con A and PWM. Although the T
      cell-depleted population showed no response to these mitogens, a response to Con
      A-S was elicited.

PMID- 1081726
TI  - Studies on antilymphocyte antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and
      systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Anti-lymphocyte antibodies have been demonstrated in patients with SLE and RA by
      immunofluorescence. They differ from those arising through iso-immunization by
      being cold reactive and chiefly of the IgM class. Separate anti specificities
      were shown for determinants on either T or B cells.

PMID- 1081727
TI  - Studies on synovial fluid lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1081728
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1081729
TI  - Evaluation of serum thymic hormone and of circulating T cells in rheumatoid
      arthritis and in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The presence of a serum factor secreted by the thymus has been demonstrated in
      the serum of mice and man using a rosette inhibition assay. This factor is a
      peptide with a molecular weight close to 1,000. Its level is age dependent, being
      stable until the age of 6 months in mice and until 20 years in man. New Zealand
      Black mice show a premature cessation of thymic hormone secretion preceeding the
      onset of other T cell abnormalities and auto-immunity. Before any treatment the
      serum thymic hormone level is abnormally low in most cases of SLE even in
      patients under 25, an age where control subjects still show high hormone levels.
      Conversely, normal or high levels are found in RA, PARTICularly in patients over
      40 who showed in 60% of cases a hormone level significantly higher than normal
      controls of the same age. In keeping with this data T cells evaluated by SRBC
      spontaneous rosette formation show low figures in some patients with active SLE
      and normal or high values in most cases of RA.

PMID- 1081730
TI  - Evidence for complement activation by the alternate pathway in the arthritis of
      hypogammaglobulinemic patients.
AB  - The chronic, rheumatoid synovitis in four patients (two children and two adults)
      with immunodeficiency was studied by means of immunopathological examination of
      synovial tissues and fluids. Their immunodeficiencies were extensively studied,
      with various tests for humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The two children were
      boys with Bruton's disease. One adult, female, had common variable
      immunodeficiency. One adult male had severe hypogammaglobulinemia. All patients
      had isolated deposits of complement component C3 in their synovial membranes,
      usually without traces of immunoglobulins. Depressed levels of complement
      component C3 were found in the joint fluid, in contrast to high levels in the
      corresponding serum in one patient. Components of the alternate pathway,
      properdin and C3A, were found in the tissues, but not components of the classic
      pathway, C1q and C4. The findings suggest that chronic, rheumatoid arthritis in
      hypogammaglobulinemic patients may be related to activation of C3 by the
      alternate pathway.

PMID- 1081731
TI  - Cryoglobulins in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1081732
TI  - Study of the effects of antigammaglobulin factors on lymphocytes from patients
      with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Previous work suggests that peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis have altered reactivity. The purpose of this study has been
      to observe the behavior of cultures of lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis when stimulated with autologous 19S rheumatoid factor and with rabbit
      serum against autologous IgG fraction. The peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL)
      from 15 patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis were obtained by passage of
      the leukocyte-rich plasma through a polyamide fiber column. The purified
      lymphocytes were cultured with rheumatoid factor obtained from the same donor
      through Sephadex G-200 chromatography. In another set of experiments rheumatoid
      lymphocytes were stimulated with rabbit serum containing antibodies against the
      IgG fraction of the same patient obtained through DEAE chromatography. After five
      days the lymphocytes were examined for large cells plus cells in mitosis. A
      positive response was defined as an increase of 5% or more in the experimental
      tubes when compared with the cells cultured alone. Ten healthy normal subjects
      were used also as lymphocyte and serum donors. These lymphocytes were cultured
      alone and with rabbit serum, anti-autologous IgG. 80% of rheumatoid lymphocytes
      responded with an average of 37% of enlarging and dividing cells when stimulated
      by autologous RF. The same pannel of lymphocytes responded only with an average
      of 14% stimulation when cultured with rabbit serum anti-autologous IgG. The
      response to the 7S antigammaglobulin factor from rabbit in 7 normal PBL was
      similar to that of rheumatoid lymphocytes. There was some relation between
      activity of the RA and lymphocyte response to RF and rabbit antiserum. These
      results could explain the lymphoid infiltration and hyperplasia of patients with
      RA and, on the other hand, would support the idea that entrapment of RF by
      leukocytes ('RA cell') would be a protective mechanism.

PMID- 1081733
TI  - Physiological differences between vein and mammary artery as a coronary bypass.

PMID- 1081734
TI  - The failure of allogeneic cells to maintain an immune response in nude mice.
AB  - Nude mice that have been injected with allogeneic thymus cells and sheep
      erythrocytes respond for a short time and are then unable to respond to
      subsequent injections of sheep erythrocytes, even if given with allogeneic thymus
      cells from the same or a different strain. However, they can respond to a
      different antigen or to the original antigen if given with congenic thymus cells.
      B cells from such animals are able to respond if transferred together with
      congenic thymocytes to irradiated hosts. It is suggested that allogeneic T cells
      are able to cooperate with B cells to initiate an immune response but that a
      further step is necessary to maintain the response, and for this congenic T cells
      are necessary.

PMID- 1081735
TI  - Macrophages suppress direct B-cell activation by lipopolysaccharide.
AB  - The influence of macrophages on polyclonal B-cell responses to lipopolysaccharide
      (LPS) and on a primary, specific immune response to a hapten-LPS conjugate was
      studied in mouse spleen and lymph node cells in serum-free and serum-supplemented
      cultures. Macrophages were found not to be necessary, and B cells were directly
      activated by LPS. In serum-free cultures of macrophage-depleted spleen cells, (a)
      proliferation and antibody secretion occurred at normal levels or were enhanced
      when compared with normal spleen cells, (b) the responsiveness of limiting cell
      numbers to LPS was better than in normal spleen cell cultures, (c) LPS did not
      increase the number or activate residual macrophages, (d) the primary specific
      response to a hapten-LPS conjugate developed normally, (e) peripheral lymph node
      cells, which are known to contain a very low concentration of macrophages, from
      normal or congenitally athymic (nude) mice mounted excellent proliferative
      responses to LPS. Furthermore, in cultures supplemented with fetal bovine serum,
      depletion of adherent cells resulted in enhancement of LPS-induced B-cell
      responses. Addition of peritoneal macrophages to adherent cell-depleted spleen
      cells produced suppression at all concentrations of both mitogen and adherent
      cells. Suppressive activity could also be demonstrated in supernatants from
      adherent cell cultures stimulated by LPS.

PMID- 1081736
TI  - Differentiation of T cells in nude mice.
AB  - Cells bearing the T-cell differentiation alloantigens TL and Thy-1 were
      enumerated in preparations of spleen and lymph node cells of nu/nu mice. Healthy
      nu/nu mice had few or no demonstrable TL+ or Thy-1+ cells whereas mice with viral
      hepatitis, including some born of nu/nu X nu/nu matings, had many. Healthy nu/nu
      mice were treated daily with the thymic hormone thymopoietin or with ubiquitin,
      polypeptides that induce the differentiation of TL+Thy-1" cells from TL-Thy-1-
      precursors in vitro. After 14 days, 20 to 40 percent of their spleen cells were
      of the TL+Thy-1+ phenotype typical of thymocytes and 10 to 25 percent of their
      lymph node cells were TL-Thy-1+, typical of later T-cell differentiation. Similar
      frequencies of such cells were found in untreated nu/nu mice suffering from
      severe viral hepatitis. These data conform to the current view that prothymocytes
      are preprogrammed cells whose maturation to thymocytes, normally induced in the
      thymus by thymopoietin, can be triggered by other agents under abnormal
      circumstances. Tests of T-cell function were not included in this study.

PMID- 1081737
TI  - Coronary artery bypass for acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - Coronary artery bypass has been done on 20 patients for acute mmyocardial
      infarction associated with shock, arrhythmia, and/or cardiac arrest. Twelve had
      had catheterization before the time of infarction. There were 3 hospital deaths,
      2 late deaths, and 15 survivors. Survivors are angina-free and active 4 to 40
      months postoperatively. Five patients have been recatheterized since operation,
      and in 4 all grafts are patent and functioning. Ventricular function was not
      improved in one patient, has remained the same in one, and improved in 3
      patients. Although the time interval from infarction to revascularization is
      important, success is just as dependent on the patient's existing coronary
      collateral circulation. Lesions of the left main coronary artery were associated
      with the highest mortality. The rationale for operation in patients with acute
      myocardial infarction is to revascularize the marginal myocardium adjacent to the
      infarct and other underperfused areas when indicated. Chance for survival may
      thereby be increased by improvement of cardiac pumping or reversal of cardiac
      arrest or arrhythmia.

PMID- 1081738
TI  - Infections after retinal detachment surgery.
AB  - The signs and symptoms of infection after retinal detachment surgery may be
      subtle and frequently are overlooked during early stages. A retrospective
      analysis of 3,334 consecutive procedures for retinal detachment revealed 37 cases
      (1.1%) with postoperative infection. In 13 of these a scleral abscess and a form
      of endophthalmitis developed, whereas 24 had no evidence of vitreous involvement
      and were classified as the granuloma type. Only 43% of infected patients had
      positive cultures. Analysis of changes in infection rate involved comparison with
      changes over the years in suture material, implant material, performance of
      scleral undermining, drainage of subretinal fluid, number of previous surgical
      procedures, age of patient, use of diathermy or cryotherapy, and type of
      prophylactic antibiotic therapy. During the 13 years studied the rate of
      infection decreased from 2.2% to 0.7%. Treatment requires surgical removal of all
      foreign material before the inflammatory signs can be cleared. Concurrent
      appropriate antibiotic therapy also is recommended. With this form of treatment,
      all but one patient showed a satisfactory response, although 4 patients still
      have mild conjunctival congestion.

PMID- 1081739
TI  - Letter: Tuberculosis notwithstanding BCG vaccination.

PMID- 1081740
TI  - [T and B lymphocytes. I. Assessment in leukaemia and lymphoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081741
TI  - [T and b lymphocytes. II. Sequential valuation in the course of leukaemia and
      lymphoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081742
TI  - Splenic artery ligation in selected patients with hepatic cirrhosis and in
      Sprague-Dawley rats.
AB  - The effects of splenic artery ligation were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats and in
      eight selected symptomatic patients with hepatic cirrhosis. In rats, this
      maneuver induced splenic infarction, reduced functional splenic mass, transiently
      raised platelet and reticulocyte counts and was without local complications. In
      seven selected patients with cirrhosis and prominent splenomegaly, the splenic
      artery was markedly enlarged, splenic arterial flow was greatly increased and
      splenic artery ligation partially lowered portal pressure. In three patients with
      varying cytopenias secondary to hypersplenism splenic artery ligation uniformly
      improved peripheral blood elements, although varying degrees of hypersplenism
      later recurred necessitating splenectomy in one. In five other patients, splenic
      artery ligation in conjunction with coronary vein ligation in four was performed
      for bleeding esophageal varices. Two patients later required portacaval shunting,
      and one other in whom operation was undertaken in desperation died of hepatic
      failure. Celiac-mesenteric arterioportography, operative portography, hemodynamic
      measurements and examination of peripheral blood elements in these eight patients
      suggests that splenic artery ligation in conjunction, where appropriate, with
      coronary vein ligation has several potentially beneficial effects. Hypersplenism
      may be sufficiently controlled to alleviate clinical symptoms. Arterial inflow
      into the portal system is reduced tending to lower portal pressure. Transheptic
      portal flow from the mesenteric bed is preserved. Venous anastomotic channels
      still functioning around the splenic pedicle and no longer draining a
      hyperdynamic splenic circuit may be converted into an escape route for mesenteric
      venous blood entering the portal system under high pressure. Nonetheless, each of
      these effects and their interrelationships require further study before this
      operation assumes a larger role in the treatment of complications of portal
      hypertension.

PMID- 1081743
TI  - Inferior mesorenal shunt as a second procedure for portal decompression.

PMID- 1081744
TI  - Keratomalacia.
AB  - Xerophthalmia and keratomalacia are public health problems of great magnitude
      which are usually associated with multiple vitamin and protein deficiencies. The
      authors report the case of a 27-year-old commune member who subjected herself to
      a bizarre protein and vitamin deficient diet for many months. This ultimately
      produced nyctalopia, xerophthalmia and keratomalacia with bilateral corneal
      perforation. Despite therapy, she remained comatose and expired shortly after
      admission. Ocular pathological changes included bilateral corneal melting with
      prolapse of intraocular contents, conjunctival epidermidalization, goblet cell
      atrophy and thinning of the outer nuclear layer of the retina. It is noted that
      ocular findings in pure avitaminosis A produced experimentalyy include epithelial
      atrophy followed by keratinization.

PMID- 1081745
TI  - Gordox treatment in hand-surgery.

PMID- 1081747
TI  - Proceedings: High level of fibrinolysis and low factor XIII in erosive
      haemorrhagic gastroduodenitis.

PMID- 1081746
TI  - Ristocetin in the diagnosis of von willebrand's disease: a comparison of rate and
      percent of aggregation with levels of the plasma factor(s) necessary for
      ristocetin aggregation.
AB  - Percent aggregation and the aggregation rate of platelet rich plasma (PRP) in
      response to ristocetin (1.75 mg/ml) were measured in 20 normals and 16 patients
      with von Willebrand's disease (v Wd), with and without the addition of
      acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Percent aggregation did not clearly distinguish
      between normals and patients with vWd. Aggregation rate was normal in only 2 of
      16 patients, and after incubation of PRP with ASA 1 of these 2 remained normal.
      The corrective effect of dilutions of platelet poor plasma (PPP) on the
      ristocetin response of washed platelets (von Willebrand's factor, vWf) was
      measured in 21 normals and 12 patients with vWd. All patients with vWd had
      abnormal levels. There was a significant correlation between aggregation rate and
      vWf in patients with vWd but not in normals. Both tests appear to measure closely
      related defects, and the aggregation rate is as specific as the vWf level for the
      diagnosis of clinically affected patients.

PMID- 1081748
TI  - Proceedings: Interaction of ristocetin (R), von Willebrand factor (vWF), factor
      VIII clotting activity (VIIIc) and platelets.

PMID- 1081749
TI  - Proceedings: Two cases of von Willebrand's disease with specific inhibitors of
      ristocetin induced aggregation of normal platelets.

PMID- 1081750
TI  - Proceedings: Resistance to the development of spontaneous atherosclerosis in pigs
      with von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1081751
TI  - Proceedings: Current knowledge of the AHF-like antigen.

PMID- 1081752
TI  - Proceedings: Factor VIII, small active factor VIII fragments, and von Willebrand
      factor.

PMID- 1081753
TI  - Proceedings: Purification of ristocetin Willebrand factor (RWF).

PMID- 1081754
TI  - Proceedings: Factor VIII related antigen in normal blood platelets and in
      platelets of patients with von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1081755
TI  - Proceedings: Mechanisms of the prolonged bleeding time in von Willebrand's
      disease (vWd).

PMID- 1081756
TI  - Proceedings: Relationship between factor VIII and von Willebrand's factor in
      plasma and serum.

PMID- 1081757
TI  - Human plasminogen: in vitro and in vivo evidence for the biological integrity of
      NH2-terminal glutamic acid plasminogen.

PMID- 1081758
TI  - Comparative studies of available ristocetins: proteolytic activity and effect on
      platelets.

PMID- 1081759
TI  - Von Willebrand factor activity in normal subjects: sex difference and
      variability.

PMID- 1081761
TI  - [Value of routine laboratory tests in the diagnosis of rheumatic disease].

PMID- 1081760
TI  - [Death following surgery].

PMID- 1081762
TI  - [Banding for pulmonary artery and subsequent repair in large ventricular septal
      defect (author's transl)].
AB  - Banding of the pulmonary artery was performed in 233 children with large, non
      restrictive ventricular septal defects. The group of isolated large VSDs
      consisted of 95 patients, of whom 8 died (8,4 per cent). 32 patients were
      subjected to open-heart operation for closure of the VSD and debanding. In this
      "two-stage group" the mortality rate was 6,3 per cent. At the second operation
      the pulmonary artery always should be enlarged with a pericardial patch. Our
      recordings up to 6 1/2 years after correction show no gradients left in cases
      surgically treated in this manner. The time-interval between effective banding
      and debanding procedure may not be limited strictly; the subsequent operation
      however should be done within two or three years.

PMID- 1081763
TI  - [Ventricular septal defect associated with fibrous subvalvular aortic stenosis:
      problems in the diagnosis and in the surgical management (author's transl)].
AB  - Only 9 of more than 900 operated patients with ventricular septal defects
      suffered from this rare combination. The problems of the diagnosis are discussed.
      Only in one case this diagnosis was made praeoperatively, in 6 cases
      intraoperatively and in two cases only postoperatively. In the last two cases a
      reoperation was necessary. The surgical methods are described and the results of
      surgery are communicated.

PMID- 1081764
TI  - [The fate of the pulmonary hypertension after ASD-closure in adults (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 10 female and 7 male patients, who were operated for secundum type Atrial Septal
      Defect with Pulmonary Hypertension, got postoperative check-ups including right
      heart catheterisations. The investigations were performed on the average 6.6
      years postoperatively. There was a fall of the systolic pulmonary pressure and of
      the flow; pulmonary resistance fell in 8 cases and rose in 9. The low left
      ventricular cardiac index together with an elevated left atrial pressure may be
      the pathogenetic cause of postoperatively elevated pulmonary resistance.

PMID- 1081765
TI  - Late results of aortic homograft reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow
      tract in infants and children.
AB  - 33 infants and children between 4 months and 14 years have undergone successful
      reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract with adult sized fresh
      aortic homografts. The late results have been analysed and it is concluded that
      satisfactory results can be obtained even in infants and that the operation
      should be performed early to prevent secondary changes in the heart and lungs.

PMID- 1081766
TI  - [Critical outflow valve obstruction under the age of one year (author's transl)].
AB  - This report represents the Brompton Hospital experience of infants and neonates
      with critical pulmonary valve stenosis and aortic valve stenosis. There were 25
      patients with critical pulmonary valve stenosis and 8 with critical aortic valve
      stenosis. Critical pulmonary stenosis: Among the 25 patients up to one year of
      age, 11 were girls and the commonest presenting symptom was cyanosis seen in 15,
      the commonest physical sign being a systolic ejection murmur with a single 2nd
      sound. A more detailed analysis of the symptoms, signs and findings at special
      investigation will be presented. The evolution of a satisfactory technique of
      operation will be indicated in these critically ill patients, and the late follow
      up will be presented. Critical aortic stenosis: There were 8 patients in this
      group all of whom were male. Dyspnoea was the commonest presenting symptom with a
      systolic ejection murmur and hepatomegaly as the commonest signs. All patients in
      this group underwent open aortic valvotomy and/or valvuloplasty with 3 deaths. A
      late follow-up of the survivors will be presented. In summary, a series of 33
      patients up to the age of one year with critical obstruction of either the
      pulmonary or aortic valves will be presented. (his is one of the larger series to
      be reported in this age group.

PMID- 1081767
TI  - [Surgical treatment of kinking of the internal carotid artery (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on 20 cases of non arteriosclerotic kinking of the internal carotid
      artery. Besides the more common resection-technique a myoplasty using the
      digastric muscle is performed. Regional cerebral blood flow by 133 Xenon and
      angiography pre- and postoperatively are compared.

PMID- 1081768
TI  - [Nutritional effects following lumbar sympathectomy in arterial occlusive disease
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of lumbar sympathectomy on regional blood-flow and on oxygen uptake of
      tissue has been investigated in animal experiments and in man. Lumbar
      sympathectomy did always result in increase of limb blood-flow, but did not
      significantly improve oxygen consumption of the observed extremity. This finding
      was manifested by marked narrowing of the arterial-venous oxyhemoglobin
      saturation difference suggesting that lumbar sympathectomy caused opening of
      arterial-venous shunts.

PMID- 1081769
TI  - [Classification of mitral valve disease by clinical features and hemodynamic
      parameters (author's transl)].
AB  - Using the central venous oxygen saturation (SO2v) at rest and during exercise (50
      Watt) a new classification of mitral valve disease is proposed, which corresponds
      with the recommendation of the NHA (1953). Contrary to the mostly subjective
      classification by clinical features, the new one results from objective
      hemodynamic parameters. The validity of the new proposed classification is shown
      using different clinical parameters.

PMID- 1081770
TI  - [Operative results after mitral valve replacement with Starr-Edwards disc valves
      and Bjork-Shiley prostheses (author's transl)].
AB  - The postoperative course of 425 patients with isolated mitral valve replacement
      using either the Starr-Edwards disc prosthesis or the Bjork-Shiley tilting disc
      valve is evaluated. Both protheses showed comparable clinical results during a
      follow-up period between 5 months and 4 years.

PMID- 1081771
TI  - [1-Year-results of anuloplastisy (Carpentier-technic) in 7 patients (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Of 7 patients who had Carpentier anuloplasty, two had very good, two had good and
      two had unsatisfactory results in postoperative cardiac catheterization one year
      after operation. One patient died of acute hepatitis. Reasons for the poor
      results are false indications and inadequate operative technic. These results
      show that the Carpentier-technic can well be recommended for critical use in
      carefully selected patients with mitral insufficiency.

PMID- 1081772
TI  - [Aortic valve replacement for acute heart failure due to infective endocarditis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 5 patients with primary infective endocarditis developed acute cardiac failure
      because of aortic valve insufficiency. 2 patients were in the active and 3
      patients in the inactive stage of infective endocarditis. In 4 patients an aortic
      and in 1 patient an aortic and mitral valve replacement was performed. The early
      mortality rate (death within 30 days of operation) was 20 per cent. Once
      congestive heart failure starts during the course of active endocarditis surgery
      should be undertaken at an early date.

PMID- 1081773
TI  - [Surgical treatment of coronary heart disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Until 1974 146 patients underwent coronary surgery in Hamburg. The total
      mortality rate for the first 100 postoperative days was 16,3 per cent. In the
      last years the mortality was reduced to 14 per cent. This group included all
      different selective and emergency surgical procedures for coronary disease. Due
      to the different degree of the coronary disease and/or of the impairment of the
      left ventricular function the mortality ranged between 0 per cent and 35 per
      cent. Some clinical parameters influencing the mortality rate are discussed.

PMID- 1081774
TI  - [The use of laser in thoracic-, cardiac- and vascular surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - We carried out thoracic and cardiovascular operations with a 50 watt CO2-Laser.
      The advantage of this procedure: A minimal trauma of tissue in consequence of no
      use of selfcutting surgical instruments, bloodless incision at smallest area of
      coagulation and no possibility of displacement of infections and tumor cells. We
      believe that this new laser in all surgical disciplines introduced soon.

PMID- 1081775
TI  - [Is transvenous cardiac pacemaker implantation with X-ray control associated with
      a dangerous radiation exposure? (author's transl)].
AB  - From July to December 1974 we measured the radiation exposure of the hands of the
      operator and assistant with 69 implantations of permanent cardiac pacemakers and
      recorded a dose of 0,5 mrem/min, this corresponds to 4 mrem/patient.

PMID- 1081776
TI  - A prospective study of HL-A antigen phenotypes and lymphocyte abnormalities in
      Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - In a prospective study, sixty-five histologically verified Swedish cases of
      Hodgkin's disease were HL-A typed. The antigen frequencies in the patient group
      did not deviate from a group of normal controls. The frequency of HL-A8 was
      slightly increased in patients over 40 years (P less than 0.05). HL-A12 was
      markedly increased in patients below 40 years with a favourable histopathology (P
      less than 0.001). No association between sex or clinical stage and distribution
      of HL-A phenotypes was observed. The number of T-lymphocytes in blood and the
      spontaneous DNA synthesis and DNA synthesis induced by concanavalin A, pokeweed
      mitogen, phytohemagglutinin and PPD antigen in blood lymphocytes in vitro were
      determined in 60 patients. A significant increase of HL-A28 was noted in patients
      with advanced disease (P less than 0.01) and in patients responding poorly to PPD
      (P less than 0.001) and PWM (P less than 0.01). No correlation between HL-A
      antigen distribution and T-lymphocyte counts was observed.

PMID- 1081777
TI  - A case report of a hemolytic transfusion reaction caused by anti-Holley.
AB  - Clinical and laboratory investigation of a black male patient, who received
      emergency transfusion of blood incompatible for a high incidence antigen,
      provided evidence for the pathogenetic importance of high titer anti-Holley
      antibodies with poor avidity. The red blood cells of the patient and two siblings
      were remarkable in being negative for two high incidence antigens, Hy and hrS,
      and weak for a third, Gy.

PMID- 1081778
TI  - [Emergency direct revascularization of the myocardium in acute infarct].
AB  - A new surgical conception of urgent direct revascularization of the myocardium in
      acute infarction is discussed and substantiated. Clinical observations and
      results of 13 urgent operations for aorto-coronary shunting in 10 patients with
      acute myocardial infarction are analysed (double aorto-coronary shunting was
      performed in 3 cases). Indications to urgent revascularization of the myocardium
      in infarction were as follows: no effect of drug therapy during 2--3 hours since
      its onset, a failure to eliminate pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock in a
      localized proximal occlusion of the coronary artery, revealed during a planned or
      urgent coronarography. Three patients were operated upon in the state of
      cardiogenic shock (one after reanimation), two with pulmonary edema. All these
      patients (excluding one with pulmonary edema) have made a good recovery. Three
      patients died. Good immediate and late results obtained evidence the advantage of
      this policy. The problems of most optimum terms for urgent revascularization of
      the myocardium are discussed.

PMID- 1081779
TI  - [Importance of the type of blood supply to the heart in reconstructive surgery of
      the coronary arteries].
AB  - Anatomical data on the type of the heart blood supply are reported. Based on
      anatomical studies on 35 hearts, the author found the right type of blood supply
      in 24 cases, the left type in 4, and balanced in 7 cases. The study of
      coronarograms of 100 operated patients and data of the intraoperative diagnosis
      indicated that anatomical variants of coronary arteries extension fully agree
      with coronarography findings. At the same time there was no definite dependence
      between the type of cardiac blood supply and the degree and character of coronary
      arteries affection.

PMID- 1081780
TI  - A restriction fragment analysis of the T7 left-early region.

PMID- 1081781
TI  - Colour discrimination functions of the frog optic tectum (Rana esculenta).

PMID- 1081782
TI  - The spectral sensitivities of isolated human color mechanisms determined from
      contrast evoked potential measurements.

PMID- 1081783
TI  - Selected vital and health statistics in poverty and nonpoverty areas of 19 large
      cities; United States, 1969-71.

PMID- 1081784
TI  - [X-ray findings in meningiomas of the tentorium cerebelli].
AB  - A roentgenological investigation of 38 patients with meningiomas of the tentorium
      cerebelli of the supra-subtentorial growth revealed signs of hypertension in 31
      of them. The destruction of the squama occipitalis and of the superior edge of
      the apex of the petrous pyramid was found in 17 of these patients. Opacification
      of the ventricular system discerned a combination that included compression of
      the inferior contour of the posterior segments of the lateral ventricles or a
      filling defect of the trigonum of the left ventricle with deformation of the
      posterior segment of the III ventricle and a displacement forward of the
      aqueductus Sylvii. An angiographic investigation of the carotid and basilar
      systems determine a typical picture of simultaneous shifts, viz, upwards--of the
      median cerebral artery, medially--of the internal occipital artery; outwards--of
      the temporal-occipital artery, medially and downwards--of the superior cerebral
      artery. Obliteration of the sinuses rectus and transversalis comes into evidence.
      Opacification of the meningioma vasculature above and underneath the tentorium
      cerebelli makes the topical diagnosis quite convincing.

PMID- 1081785
TI  - [Eye movements in animals with extirpated cerebrocortical oculomotor centers].
AB  - An investigation of dogs with removed temporal and sincipito-occipital cortical
      centres of the eye movements demonstrated that a number of properties of the
      vestibular nystagmus evoked by the rotation of the animal remain the same as they
      had been in this very same animal prior to the operation. These centres do not
      control the nature of the nystagmic movement that consists of a slow and a fast
      components, the combined movements of the right and left eyes, the direction of
      the nystagmus, the range and the nature marking the distribution of the maximal
      movement and of the most frequent movements during the action of the stimulus and
      the symmetry of the labyrinthine function. At the same time, the dissociation of
      the cortical centres of the eye movements brings on shortening of the vestibular
      post-rotational nystagmus, activation of the mechanism that monitors the rhythmic
      tonic deflections of the eyes, this causing diminution in the number of nystagmic
      eye movements and disruption in the rhythm of their movement. It also activates
      arbitrary movements of the eyes that occasionally turn into a spontaneous
      nystagmus. The abundance of arbitrary eye movements following vestibular
      stimulation is of frequent occurrence in children, victims of cerebral paralysis
      of childhood combined wit- depressed cortical function.

PMID- 1081786
TI  - [A simplified method of cerebral ventricle puncture for ventriculography].

PMID- 1081787
TI  - [New x-ray contrast preparations of the iothalamate group for myelography (review
      of the foreign literature)].

PMID- 1081788
TI  - [Electric stimulation of ocular muscles in complex treatment of strabismus].

PMID- 1081789
TI  - [Complex treatment of chronic gastritis].

PMID- 1081790
TI  - [Snake bites in the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen].

PMID- 1081791
TI  - [Complete gastric erosions--a relatively frequent gastroscopy finding].
AB  - While by means of the semiflexible Wolf-Schnidler-gastroscope no complete
      erosions had been seen, they were found in 12.7% in 615 gastroscopies, carried
      out with glass fibre endoscopes. In nearly 80% of the patients the erosions,
      appearing in most cases in a larger number, were localised in the antrum
      ventriculi. As the most frequent concomitant disease the gastroduodenal ulcer was
      found. Roentgenologically in no case the diagnosis erosion was made. As to the
      soft tissues defects of the epithelium could rarely be ascertained, however, more
      frequently a foveolar pseudohyperplasia as the morphological substrate of the
      marginal wall. Chronic-atrophic changes of the mucous membrane in the environment
      of the erosions were by far more frequently to be proved than superficial
      gastritides or normal findings on the mucous membrane of the stomach.

PMID- 1081792
TI  - [Glycoproteins in diabetes mellitus].
AB  - Analyses of mucoproteins, orcin-positive protein sugar, sialic acid of the alpha2
      macroglobulin, alpha1-glycoprotein, alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha2-HS-glycoprotein
      and beta2-glycoprotein I were carried out in 302 diabetics. In creases of
      concentration could be proved for alpha2-macroglobulin, alpha2-HS-glycoprotein,
      orcin-positive protein sugar and sialic acid. In diabetics with retinopathies the
      alpha2-macroglobulin concentration is significantly increased compared with
      diabetics without retinopathies.

PMID- 1081793
TI  - [Stomach ulcer in the emergency endoscopy].
AB  - After explanation of the diagnostic gain in acute gastrointestinal haemorrhages
      by use of the emergency endoscopy the results and experiences are reported got in
      200 emergency examinations. As cause of haemorrhage most frequency were found
      peptic ulcers followed by gastric erosions. In one third the erosions were
      associated with other sources of haemorrhage and should be accepted as cause of
      haemorrhage only with cautiousness. Flat acute ulcerations cannot be diagnosed
      endoscopically already by relatively thin-layered linings and chronic ulcerations
      by plications.

PMID- 1081794
TI  - [Proceedings: The significance of selective coronary angiography in the
      differential diagnosis of primary myocardial diseases].

PMID- 1081795
TI  - [Proceedings: Cinedensitometric determination of the blood flow velocity and the
      amount of flow in the right and left coronary artery in healthy and stenosed
      vessels in resting position].

PMID- 1081796
TI  - [Proceedings: Diagnosis of ischemia-induced left ventricular dyskinesias by means
      of stress angiography].

PMID- 1081797
TI  - The aortogram and gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Three cases of gastrointestinal hemorrhage are reported which illustrate that the
      bleeding site may be missed angiographically if the study is limited to celiac
      and mesenteric angiograms. An abdominal angiogram must be performed as part of
      the radiological investigation of gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1081798
TI  - Coronary graft flow and glucose tolerance: evidence against the existence of
      myocardial microvascular disease.
AB  - Patients having coronary bypass for stable angina pectoris were grouped on the
      basis of the two hour plasma sugar of the glucose tolerance test: Group I, 120
      mgs% (159 grafts); Group II, 120-150 (93 grafts); Group III, 150-200 (131 grafts)
      and Group IV, 200 (57 grafts) or patients receiving therapy for diabetes mellitus
      (10 patients, 21 grafts). Five of 10 diabetic patients had genetic evidence of
      diabetes and an average duration of therapy of 6.5 years. Blood flow was measured
      in 461 grafts with an electromagnetic flow probe after discontinuation of
      cardiopulmonary bypass in a stable state, after a 30 second graft occlusion and
      after injection of 15 mg of papaverine into the graft. Mean arterial pressure,
      graft flow and coronary resistance for each succeeding group did not vary
      significantly when compared with Group I. Analysis of phasic flow in 10 grafts to
      the left anterior descending indicates that the same proportion of flow occurs
      during systole and diastole in the basal state and after pappaverine. Coronary
      flow and resistance in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism and maturity
      onset diabetes do not provide evidence for the existence of myocardial
      microangiopathy.

PMID- 1081799
TI  - Aneurysms of an aorto-coronary artery saphenous vein bypass graft--a case report.
AB  - A 62 year old man with severe angina pectoris underwent aoroto-coronary saphenous
      vein graft implantation. After a four month asymptomatic period the patient
      underwent aorto-coronary graft angiography. Left anterior descending graft
      opacification demonstrated multiple venous aneurysmal dilations. The clinical
      significance of this finding is currently unknown but such saphenous vein disease
      warrants further investigation. Saphenous vein grafts have been utilized to
      replace or bypass obstructed and diseased peripheral arteries such as those of
      the carotid and femoral-popliteal vascular systesm. In 1967 Favaloro introduced
      the saphenous vein as a means for bypassing local obstructions in diseased
      coronary arteries of human subjects. Since the advent of the aorto-coronary
      saphenous vein bypass graft procedure several studies have reported pathologic
      alterations of these grafts at post-mortem examination or at the time of re
      operation. Other investigators have also noted changes in these venous grafts
      when they have been implanted in peripheral vessels. We report here a patient
      with aneruysmal dilations of an aorto-coronary artery saphenous vein bypass
      graft. Furthermore, possible mechanisms which might produce such venous aneurysms
      and the clinical significance of such an entity are discussed.

PMID- 1081800
TI  - [Sulcus hemorrhages in 2 juvenile collectives].

PMID- 1081801
TI  - [Acute abdomen in the newborn. Errors and dangers in diagnosis, indication and
      preparation for surgery].

PMID- 1081802
TI  - [Hemophilia as a surgical problem].

PMID- 1081803
TI  - [Full-time abdominal pregnancy with a living child].

PMID- 1081804
TI  - [Characteristics of some species of microorganisms related to the genus of
      hemoglobinophils].
AB  - The saccharolytic capacity in respect to 14 carbohydrates, the lipolytic
      activity, the presence of urease, catalase, galactosidase, the formation of
      hydrogen sulphide and indol and also serological properties with the species
      agglutinating sera were studied in the representatives of the genus of
      hemoglobinophilic microbes: H. influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, H. aegiptius, H.
      haemolyticus, H. aphrophilus. There were revealed differences in the individual
      representatives of the genus by the enzymatic activity and serological
      properties. Thus, representatives of H. influenzae possessed urease activity, but
      all of them lacked galactosidase. H. aegiptius possessed urease and
      galactosidase, and H. parainfluenzae, H. haemolyticus and H. aphrophilus-
      galactosidase of high activity, but no urease. Representatives of each of the
      species were agglutinated by homologous sera only.

PMID- 1081805
TI  - [Interaction of various types of cells in the production of anti-influenzal
      antibodies. III. Cooperation of B- and T-lymphocytes in the production of
      antibodies to the influenza virus].
AB  - Bone marrow and thymus cells of syngenous donors were transplanted to sublethally
      irradiated mice to study the interaction between the B- and T-lymphocytes in the
      production of antibodies to the influenza virus. Influenza virus proved to be
      referred to the thymus-dependent antigens; both types of the lymphocytes
      participated in the antibody production. The T-lymphocyte function could not be
      replaced by an increase in the dose of the antigen and of the amount of B
      lymphocytes. The ratio of the B- and T-lymphocytes optimal for the antibody
      production was 1:1 or 1:2.

PMID- 1081806
TI  - [Purification of an anionic trypsin from the gastric juice of the crayfish
      Cambarus affinis say by means of affinity chromatography].
AB  - Beside other digestion enzymes the crayfish Cambarus affinis SAY possess an
      anionic trypsin. This enzyme could be separated from all the other proteins of
      the crude gastric juice by a single affinity chromatographic step on immobilized
      natural inhibitor. The dissociation of the thus produced enzyme-inhibitor complex
      was achieved by specific elution with ben-amidine. The soluble benzamidine
      trypsin-complex was dialyzed and separated by gelfiltration on Sephadex G-50. Of
      the ligands used Trasylol proved to be the most effective one. Trypsin isolated
      by this ligand was in a discelectrophoretic homogeneous state. On the other hand,
      trypsin purified by Soybean trypsin inhibitor and Contrykal contains impurities.

PMID- 1081807
TI  - [Oeso-portal disconnection by ligature, segmental resection and anastomosis of
      abdominal oesophagus by means of the PKS 25 apparatus in the cirrhotic patient
      (author's transl)].
AB  - After a brief report of the different techniques of ligating abdominal oesophagus
      recommended by Vosschulte, Boerema Prioton..., the author describes his technique
      for resection-anastomosis with the PKS 25 apparatus. He makes a critical analysis
      of the method: this seems to avoid the drawbacks of the rigid, metallic ring with
      its narrow bore and uncertain elimination through the natural channel. By the
      same occasion it respects the principles, advantages and indications of the
      preceding methods. The author ends by the main therapeutic choices that appear to
      emerge for this treatment of oesophageal varices by opposition to the portal
      decompression operations, be it during hemorrhage or delayed emergency.

PMID- 1081808
TI  - Malignant fibrous mesothelioma. Metastatic to brain and liver.
AB  - A malignant fibrous mesothelioma in a 52 year old white man arising from the left
      parietal pleura associated with lupus erythematosus with metastases to brain and
      liver is reported. Asbestos bodies were found in digested pulmonary tissue but
      none in the primary or metastatic lesions. Light microscopic and ultrastructural
      studies suggest that this tumor contains mesothelial or endothelial cells, some
      of which revealed fibroblastic features while others disclosed epitheloid
      characteristics.

PMID- 1081809
TI  - Studies on coagulation and fibrinolysis in pregnancy, with special reference to
      cold activation of factor VII.
AB  - Studies on coagulation and fibrinolysis were performed on 40 healthy women who
      underwent an uncomplicated pregnancy. From each subject, samples were taken 6-10
      times during pregnancy, and all the changes were related to the subjects' own 6
      week postpartum values. Increased concentration of coagulation factors II-VII-X
      was revealed by Normotest. The incidence of cold activation of factor VII
      increased from 14% in non-pregnant women in these series to 94% in pregnant women
      near term. A marked increase in the proteolytic capacity was probably an effect
      of increased plasminogen concentration and decreased antifibrinolytic activity.
      The latter did not, however, parallel the immunological determination of the
      antiplasmins. The concentrations of antithrombin III and CI inactivator of
      complement both decreased during pregnancy. It is concluded that the overall
      effect of these changes is probably in favour of coagulation.

PMID- 1081810
TI  - An extended approach through the middle cranial fossa to the internal auditory
      meatus and the cerebello-pontine angle.
AB  - The submeningeal approach through the middle cranial fossa to the internal
      auditory meatus and cerebello-pontine angle after cutting the tentorium cerebelli
      is described. It is in some way similar to that used by Morrison & King. The
      approach is achieved by drilling the petrous bone to the level of the compact
      plate of the sigmoid sinus sulcus and to the lumen of the lateral semicircular
      canal. In this way it is possible to visualize safely the entire auditory-facial
      fasciculus, the region of the jugular foramen, the IX, X, XI, V, and VI nerves as
      well as the lateral surface of the brain stem. In our opinion this way should be
      and is preferable to the translabyrinthine approach through the mastoid process.

PMID- 1081811
TI  - Immunological function of human tonsil. Surface topology of human tonsil
      lymphocytes using the scanning electron microscope (SEM).
AB  - The surface topology of the lymphocytes in human tonsils was performed by means
      of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was revealed that human tonsils
      consist of both 40.7% villous and 26.6% smooth surface lymphocytes. In general,
      the percentage results agree with those of E and EAC binding lymphocytes of human
      tonsils, as previously reported. Our serial experiments using immunological
      techniques proved the existence of two lymphocytes (T and B cell) having
      immunological roles.

PMID- 1081812
TI  - The ultrastructure of Trichomonas vaginalis donne before and after transfer from
      vaginal secretion to Diamonds medium.
AB  - Cell of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vag.) obtained from five patients with severe
      trichomoniasis were fixed for electron microscopy directly in the vaginal fluid.
      Samples of the same material from three of the patients was inoculated into
      Diamonds medium and propagated for 3-6 weeks. During the first 3-4 weeks in vitro
      the fine structure of all cells was changed. The shape of the nucleus, the size
      of the Golgi apparatus and adjacent vesicles, the fine structure of the chromatic
      granules, and the mastigont were all changed when compared to the organelles of
      the originally isolated cells. In addition the "ectoplasm" had disappeared, the
      glycogen granules had become sparse, and the number of free cytoplasmic ribosomes
      had increased. On the other hand, the large food vacuoles and the cell membranes
      generally were unchanged. Mycoplasms were observed in the original isolate and
      were also seen after more than 6 weeks of propagation, both as free organisms in
      the culture medium and within the large food vacuoles of "in vitro" cultured
      cells.

PMID- 1081813
TI  - The phenomenon of vestibular recruitment and its diagnostic significance.

PMID- 1081814
TI  - Seventy-year-old people in Gothenburg. A population study in an industrialized
      Swedish city.
AB  - The objectives of this cross-sectional population study of 70-year-old people in
      Gothenburg, Sweden, were to make a survey of the social and medical conditions of
      the population, to obtain basic data for planning the care of the elderly, to
      contribute to the knowledge of normal ageing processes and of normal criteria
      within the age group, and to offer the subjects a thorough medical examination. A
      representative systematic sample comprised 1 148 propositi (521 males and 627
      females). The study comprised a homecall part regarding basic personal data,
      dwelling conditions, economy, social and physical communications, previous
      migration, educational level, previous and any present professions, need for
      care, consumption of health care and drugs. Observations and measurements were
      done of illumination at the habitual site of reading, and a simple test of visual
      acuity was performed. Later on, examinations at the Out-patient Department of the
      Geriatric Hospital were performed, comprising in all probands general medical and
      ophthalmological examination, blood and urine sampling, ECG and X-ray of heart,
      lungs, and breasts and on subsamples, psychological, psychiatric, dental,
      somatometric, and audiometric examination. Furthermore, a dietary interview and a
      body composition examination were performed on subsamples. This first
      presentation deals with the design and procedure of the study, analysis of
      observer variation and a comparison between responders (85%) and non-responders
      (15%). The general design of the study, the sampling procedure, and general
      methods of data collection were found to be adequate. The responders were found
      to be representative for the population as a whole in most respects studied. The
      results of this study to be reported in subsequent papers will in general allow
      conclusions regarding the population of 70-year-olds in Gothenburg.

PMID- 1081815
TI  - Preformed mRNA and the programming of early embryo development.
AB  - A significant feature of the early development of fertilized echinoderm and
      amphibian eggs and germinating seed embryos is the utilization of genetic
      information that has been previously transcribed during oogenesis and seed
      ripening. When RNA synthesis is suppressed in the early developing embryos by
      actinomycin D, cordycepin, or alpha-amanitin, there is no effect on the
      translation of the "preformed mRNA", only a limited number have been thus far
      identified; microtubule and histone proteins in the fertilized sea urchin egg and
      carboxypeptidase and isocritric lyase in germinating cottonseed. Data obtained on
      the protein synthetic pattern at different times after the onset of development
      suggest that preformed mRNAs are made available to the translational system in a
      gradual process, thereby providing a molecular basis for the regulation of
      development. The possibility is considered that polyadenylation of mRNA, a
      reaction known to occur early after sea urchin fertilization, is responsible for
      regulating the release of preformed mRNA. It is shown that this reaction
      (polyadenylation) can be completely suppressed with little effect on the function
      of preformed mRNA. Finally, it is suggested, at least for the seed embryo system,
      that the formation of ATP may be a prerequisite for the activation of protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 1081816
TI  - Structure and immunological function of lymphomyeloid organs in the bullfrog,
      Rana catesbeiana.

PMID- 1081817
TI  - Lymphoid organs and amphibian immunity.

PMID- 1081818
TI  - Bursal and thymic alloantigen expression in lymphoid tissues of the chicken.

PMID- 1081819
TI  - Mitogens as probes for studying temperature effects on the development of
      immunocompetent cells in poikilothermic vertebrates.

PMID- 1081820
TI  - Synergistic and antagonistic effects of mitogens on proliferation of lymphocytes
      from spleens of Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1081821
TI  - Mitogens as probes of lymphocyte heterogeneity in anuran amphibians.

PMID- 1081822
TI  - Thymic function in amphibians.

PMID- 1081823
TI  - Immunity in the developing amphibian.

PMID- 1081824
TI  - Demonstration of an inverse relationship between regenerative capacity and
      oncogenesis in the adult frog, Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1081825
TI  - Surface characteristics of spleen cell-erythrocyte rosette formation in the grass
      frog Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1081826
TI  - Letter: Inter-coronary steal syndrome.

PMID- 1081827
TI  - The "angina-producing" myocardial segment: An approach to the interpretation of
      results of coronary bypass surgery.
AB  - The first 153 cases of saphenous vein aortocoronary bypass surgery performed at
      The Johns Hopkins Hospital were reviewed. Eighty-eight percent of the 140 late
      survivors reported significant symptomatic improvement. Seventy-one unselected
      patients consented to complete reevaluation at a mean interval of 6.1 months
      postoperatively. Vein bypass patency in this group was 66 percent. Eighty-two
      percent of these 71 patients had improved performance on electrocardiographic
      stress testing. There were no significant differences between hemodynamic status
      on pre- and postoperative studies regardless of the status of vein bypass
      patency. Repeat coronary angiography revealed a 30 percent incidence of new total
      occlusions of the intrinsic coronary circulation. Segmental wall motion on
      ventriculography was improved in 12 percent, unchanged in 50 percent and
      decreased in 38 percent of the segments analyzed. Localized electrocardiographic
      changes compatible with myocardial damage developed in the immediate
      postoperative period in 45 of these patients (63 percent); in 38 of the 45, these
      changes corresponded to new angiographic abnormalities. Physiologic mechanisms
      underlying symptomatic improvement were sought by identification of an "angina
      producing" myocardial segment. In most instances, alleviation of angina could be
      related to either: (1) a patent bypass graft into an unchanged intrinsic coronary
      artery with presumed increased blood flow to the distal coronary segment, or (2)
      occlusion of the bypass graft and the corresponding coronary artery with probable
      infarction of previously ischemic myocardium. Current criteria for the selection
      of patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery are reviewed in the light of these
      findings. It is concluded that relief of disabling angina is the major indication
      for surgery. Prevention of myocardial infarction and improvement in left
      ventricular function are at present less reliable objectives.

PMID- 1081828
TI  - Saphenous vein bypass grafts: Long-term patency and effect on the native coronary
      circulation.
AB  - The long-term durability of saphenous vein bypass grafts and their effect on
      existing intrinsic coronary artery disease remain ill defined. Therefore,
      sequential catheterization studies were performed in patients selected for study
      solely on the basis of documentation of a patent graft at an earlier study
      performed three to nine months postoperatively; at that time 29 patent grafts
      were demonstrated in 20 patients. Fifteen to 36 months postoperatively (average
      22 months), 27 grafts were unchanged, 1 manifested minimal luminal irregularities
      and 1 was occluded. In one additional patient, studied 4 months and 4 1/2 years
      postoperatively, the graft was widely patent and had good distal runoff at the
      second study. Sequential coronary arteriograms revealed that progression of
      disease to complete occlusion occurred in 24 percent of vessels with severe
      lesions proximal to a patent graft, whereas progression of disease distal to a
      graft anastomosis was uncommon. Of 25 vessels not receiving grafts, disease
      progressed in 5 (20 percent). Grafts that are patent 3 months after operation
      appear to remain patent for at least 2 to 3 years, and their presence does not
      unduly accelerate the disease process involving the native coronary arteries.

PMID- 1081829
TI  - Changes in native coronary arteries after coronary bypass surgery. Role of graft
      patency, serum lipids and hypertension.
AB  - Sixty-seven patients were studied by coronary angiography early (mean 3 weeks)
      and late (mean 13 months) after coronary bypass surgery to assess changes in the
      native coronary vessels. Among the 208 nongrafted arteries progression of disease
      was found in 2.9 percent. In arteries that were normal before operation, the rate
      was 0.7 percent; in those with luminal obstructions the rate was 7.6 percent (P
      less than 0.05). Progression of disease occurred in 6 of the 67 patients (8.9
      percent). In five bypassed arteries (5 percent), progression of disease occurred
      at or near the anastomotic site; in this subset the procedure was classified a
      technical failure. Progression of disease distal to graft insertion occurred in
      2.4 percent of cases. The greatest incidence of progression took place proximal
      to graft insertion, in 24.2 percent of the grafted arteries. This rate differed
      significantly from the rate in non-grafted arteries (P less than 0.001) and in
      distal segments of grafted arteries (P less than 0.001). If the grafts were
      patent in the late control study, the progression of disease proximally occurred
      at a rate of 24 percent; if they were occluded, the rate was 25 percent. The data
      on timing of graft occlusion suggested that graft patency was related to the
      proximal progression. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia or hypertension did not
      correlate with progression of disease in any group.

PMID- 1081830
TI  - Heterografts as aortocoronary bypass conduits in human beings.
AB  - Clinical and necropsy observations are described in a man in whom two sheep
      carotid arterial heterografts were inserted as aortocoronary bypass conduits 30
      months before death, and in whom a canine saphenous vein heterograft was inserted
      several hours before death. All three grafts failed. The lumens of the sheep
      carotid arterial heterografts had closed by the time of catheterization 6 months
      after operation; at necropsy both grafts were totally occluded at their coronary
      and aortic ends and their media and adventitia were infiltrated by granulomatous
      inflammatory cells. Little information is available regarding the use of
      heterografts as coronary bypass conduits. Examination of previous reports
      describing heterografts for vascular reconstruction or bypass in both man and
      experimental animals and observations in our patient suggest that heterografts
      are unsatisfactory as aortocoronary bypass conduits.

PMID- 1081831
TI  - Saphenous vein grafts: Long-term patency and secondary changes in the coronary
      circulation.

PMID- 1081832
TI  - Disappearance of abnormal Q waves after aortocoronary bypass surgery.
AB  - Sixty-one patients were selected from 100 consecutive patients under-going
      aortocoronary artery bypass. The number of vessels diseased as defined by
      coronary arteriography and the number of bypass grafts were recorded. Review of
      the preoperative electrocardiograms showed an infarct pattern in 26 of the 61
      patients and analysis of the postoperative electrocardiograms revealed loss of
      abnormal Q waves in 3 of the 26. The pre- and postoperative clinical course of
      these three patients is analyzed and the extent of their coronary artery disease
      and number of bypass grafts compared with those of the 23 patients who had
      persistence of the infarction pattern and the 17 patients who manifested new Q
      waves. Possible explanations for the disappearance of abnormal Q waves are
      discussed.

PMID- 1081833
TI  - Angiographic management of bleeding following transcolonoscopic polypectomy.

PMID- 1081834
TI  - Massive gastric hemorrhage from submucosal arterial malformation.
AB  - In a patient with massive gastric bleeding, the cause was found to be rupture of
      a submucosal arterial malformation. The bleeding site was identified
      endoscopically and the lesion was removed by local resection. This is the 28th
      case of this entity to be reported.

PMID- 1081835
TI  - Letter: Multiple pinholes and cosmesis - a technique.

PMID- 1081836
TI  - The use of soft bandage lenses in corneal disease.
AB  - Forty-one patients were treated with soft bandage lenses for various types of
      corneal pathology. These patients have been monitored over a two-year period.
      Comfort was consistently achieved with cases of bullous and exposure
      keratopathies. It was found that the Warner-Lambert Softcon lens gave better
      protection in patients with VII nerve palsies than the Bausch & Lomb SOFLENS
      contact lens. However, little difference was noted between the two types of
      lenses when treating other corneal diseases. It was also found that topical
      medications, with the exception of steroids, caused no complications.

PMID- 1081837
TI  - Influence of ammonium ions on mechanical and electrophysiological responses of
      skeletal muscle.
AB  - Substitution of ammonium ions for sodium ion initially potentiated and then
      depressed twitch tension of the frog sartorius muscle. The extent of potentiation
      and the rate of depression of the twitch were dependent upon the concentration of
      ammonium ions. Ammonium ion depolarized individual muscle fibers in proportion to
      concentration. Maximum depolarization (33 mV) occurred in muscles equilibrated in
      120 mM ammonium-Ringer for 30 min. At the higher concentration of ammonium (72-
      120 mM), the potentiation was quickly reversed and the tension response was
      eliminated completely. The gradual loss of twitch tension was accompanied by
      progressive decrease in the electrical excitability of individual muscle fibers.
      Raising the extracellular calcium concentration fivefold reduced the twitch
      depressant effect of ammonium ions by maintaining excitability of the muscle
      fibers. Caffeine contractures (3 and 10 mM) in muscles preequilibrated in 72 mM
      ammonium-Ringer developed similar tensions to paired controls muscles, but the
      onset of tension was more rapid in the ammonium-treated muscle. It was concluded
      that the depression of tension could be accounted for by the loss of membrane
      excitability and that the evidence did not support the hypothesis that ammonium
      ions acted at other sites in the excitation contraction coupling.

PMID- 1081838
TI  - Non-Poisson distribution in time of small- and large-mode miniature end-plate
      potentials.
AB  - Minature end-plate potentials (MEPP's) were recorded from frog (Rana pipiens)
      sartorius muscle cells of 60--80 mum diam; MEPP frequency remained constant up to
      3 h and was 100 times greater in 80-mum cells than in 6-mum cells. Rapid cooling
      or heating of preparations initiated or accentuated bursts of MEPP's. Records
      from cells under control conditions and from cells where the MEPP population had
      been reduced to the small mode showed many instances of small clusters of MEPP's
      occurring within 100-ms intervals, indicating quantal release interdependencies.
      Some small cells initially generated many large MEPP's 2 or more times the
      average amplitude and fewer small clusters. Analysis of the occurrence of both
      large- and small-mode MEPP's for both 1.0-s and 100-ms nonoverlapping bins
      demonstrated a highly significant deviation from a Poisson distribution with
      significance increasing with decreasing cell diameter and/or MEPP frequency. It
      is suggested that doublet MEPP's are generated from one release site and that
      large bursts results from the activity of several release sites, since the size
      of bursts decreases with cell diameter (junctional area). It is concluded that
      release characteristics are the same for large-mode (classical) and small-mode
      MEPP's and that the occurrence of MEPP's is not Poisson.

PMID- 1081839
TI  - Selective arterial embolization for control of massive upper gastrointestinal
      bleeding.
AB  - Massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding was controlled in 11 of 15 patients by
      the use of selective injected arterial emboli. Embolization is most successful in
      the treatment of patients with demonstrated arterial bleeding sites at
      angiography. This group of patients generally has ulcers and it is this group in
      whom vasopressin infusion has the lowest success rate. At the same time we were
      successful in controlling only 1 of 4 patients who were bleeding from diffuse
      hemorrhagic gastritis, those patients in whom vasopressin infusion is very
      successfu, We, therefore, now embolize only patients in whom arterial bleeding
      sites are demonstrated at angiography or in whom vasopressin infusion has failed
      to control the bleeding from hemorrhagic gastritis. Our experience also indicates
      that short acting occlusive agents, such as autogenous blood clot mixed with
      aminocaproic acid, are as successful in controlling bleeding as the more
      permanent types of embolic material.

PMID- 1081840
TI  - Transjugular approach to the liver, biliary system, and portal circulation.
AB  - More than 5 years of clinical and animal experience with the use of a
      transjugular approach to the liver, biliary system, and portal circulation is
      reviewed. It has been of clinical value in connection with hepatic manometry and
      venography, liver biopsy, and cholangiography. Satisfactory hepatic manometry and
      venography were achieved by the transjugular approach in all 47 cases where
      attempted; diagnostic liver specimens were obtained in 71 of 83 patients (86%);
      and cholangiography was successful in 48 of 52 patients with enlarged
      intrahepatic ducts (92%). No complications occurred with these studies. In
      animals, transjugular catheterization was used as a means for portal, mesenteric,
      and pancreatic venography. These procedures are ready for diagnostic clinical
      use. Therapeutic techniques explored in animals include intravascular tamponade
      of gastric coronary vein and the nonsurgical creation of intrahepatic portacaval
      shunts, both of promise in the future management of massive gastrointestinal
      bleeding from varices.

PMID- 1081841
TI  - Polyvinyl alcohol (Ivalon)--a new embolic material.
AB  - Successful nonsurgical treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding and arteriovenous
      malformations by embolization techniques has been previously documented. 1)
      Compressed Ivalon sponge was found to be a suitable embolic material in animals
      and in four patients. 2) The material has been extensively used in surgery, and
      its biocompatibility has been proved. 3) Expansion of the compressed sponge to
      its original size after embolization makes this material extremely effective.
      Recanalization did not occur in animals and humans. 4) For the occlusion of
      larger arteries, Ivalon can be wrapped around the guidewire. Ivalon sponge
      absorbs blood and serum, unwraps itself allowing withdrawal of the guidewire. 5)
      Embolization procedures are not without risk since reflux of embolic material may
      occur. Therefore, these procedures have to be carried out under fluoroscopic
      control.

PMID- 1081842
TI  - Complications of small dose prophylactic heparinization.
AB  - The observations reported herein on the use of prophylactic small dose
      heparinization are in no way intended to diminish its value but are reported and
      reviewed so that certain precautions may be exercised in its use. In fact, the
      apparent difference in the incidence of pulmonary emboli in the controls and
      heparinized patients may lend credence to its value. The large controlled series
      now being studied at various medical centers will help to confirm or deny the
      value of this factor in the prevention of emboli. Careful preoperative scrutiny
      of the patient and meticulous intraoperative hemostasis remain important factors
      when a patient is receiving small dose heparin therapy. Other factors such as
      concomitant medications, weight of the patient, frequency and technic of
      administration and dosage must be considered. Additionally, monitoring the
      hemostatic mechanism with serial hematocrit determinations and laboratory
      coagulation tests appears to be an important adjunct in small dose prophylactic
      heparinization.

PMID- 1081843
TI  - Combined chemotherapy and cryosurgery for oral cancer.
AB  - The inadequacies of traditional methods for control of advanced oral carcinomas
      at their sites of origin prompted evaluation of combined chemotherapy and
      cryosurgery in seventy-three patients treated since 1969. Our experience with
      thirty-nine unlikely candidates for salvage by other therapy is the subject of
      this report. The majority had recurrent disease after other therapy. The observed
      morbidity potential of combined chemotherapy and cryosurgery with earlier
      experience led to abbreviations and refinements of method that are described and
      consist mainly of the following. (1) A two day postcryosurgical infusion (intra
      arterial) of 5-fluorouracil (1 gm per twenty-four hours, or less) in lieu of
      methotrexate, the systemic toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of which seem less
      predictable with cryosurgery. (2) Electrosurgical subtotal tumor resection at the
      time of initial cryosurgery to reduce swelling and magnitude of in situ tissue
      slough. (3) Use of a flexible copper mesh cryoprobe that enhances feasibility of
      in-depth wide field cryosurgery. (4) Systematic use of multiple marginal wound
      biopsies as a principal guide to repetitive cryosurgery or other therapeutic
      adjunct selection. A special warning that available toxicologic data for
      independent drug therapy may not be applicable in patients after cryosurgery is
      given. Current experience indicates that negative biopsy after such combined
      therapy may be 85 per cent reliable in foretelling lesion outcome. Among the
      thirty-nine patients reported, twenty remain alive from six months to six years,
      only two of whom have clinically evident recurrent disease. If such could be
      reasonably accomplished, comparative evaluation of single methods should precede
      attempts to combine two or more modes of therapy. Since neither chemotherapy nor
      cryosurgery, as known today, can eliminate nodal metastases, each must be
      regarded as potentially adjunctive to other methods for achieving the ultimate
      goal of a cancer-free patient. It is within this context that combined
      chemotherapy and cryosurgery have been applied to unfavorable candidates for cure
      with seemingly worthwhile gains. Potential applicability for patients with less
      formidable stages of disease cannot be extrapolated from this experience. Large
      scale controlled clinical trials must provide the ultimately conclusive test of
      efficacy for such combined forms of therapy before decisive revision of
      traditional standards of practice might result.

PMID- 1081844
TI  - A study of the effect of oral contraceptive agents on the absorption, metabolic
      conversion and urinary excretion of a naturally-occurring folate (citrovorum
      factor).

PMID- 1081845
TI  - A new method for determining the blood quantity in the eye in a unit of time.
AB  - The principles of rheography with "infinite time constant" are utilized. After
      applying a suction cup electrode mechanism, by gradual increases of the vacuum,
      ocular pressure rises above venous pressure, and without modification of arterial
      inflow, the venous outflow is blocked; in consequence an increase of blood
      accumulation in the interior of the eye occurs. The electrical impedance
      variation, as a result of the latter, gives the recorded tracing a "slow" rising
      curve, that maintains the same pulse morphology. After being analyzed and
      elaborated on with certain mathematical formulae, this curve makes it possible to
      calculate the blood flow in the eye in a unit of time. Statistics on normal
      patients of various ages are reported.

PMID- 1081846
TI  - The pattern evoked responses (VER) in optic neuritis.
AB  - Five patients presenting clinically accepted signs of optic neuritis served as
      subjects for a study on EP's (evoked potentials); the patients were tested during
      the acute phase, the chronic phase and at a stage when no impairment was
      clinically observed. At the acute phase of optic neuritis the VER was massively
      altered; in the chronic phase delayed latencies depending upon the impairment of
      visual acuity and visual fields could be recorded. At the recovery stage, while
      visual acuity and visual field showed no deficit, not only delayed latencies but
      also reduction in the amplitude at all stimulation frequencies were recorded.

PMID- 1081847
TI  - An automatic perimeter for glaucoma visual field screening and control.
      Construction and clinical cases.
AB  - An apparatus for static perimetry of the central visual field at 64 points is
      described. The testing is fully automatic: the test logic is programmed into a
      mini-computer and the results are plotted as a diagram in polar coordinates. A
      few cases with small or medium sized visual field defects have been analyzed by
      conventional methods and by the automatic instrument with satisfying results.

PMID- 1081848
TI  - Provoked iris ischaemia in the rabbit. II. Histochemical localization of sodium
      fluorescein.
AB  - The distribution of injected sodium fluorescein in the iris and ciliary body of
      albino rabbits was studied in normal animals and in animals subjected to
      different surgical procedures. The study was performed with two techniques: whole
      mount preparations and the paraffin-section method on freeze-dried eyes.
      Fluorescein distribution showed marked changes after surgical procedures as a
      result of reduced blood perfusion. In normal iris vessels no penetration of
      fluorescein was observed. The permeability barrier was impaired if there were
      ischaemic conditions in the anterior segment. The results were compared with
      clinical and iris angiographic studies.

PMID- 1081849
TI  - Fundus drawings versus photography.
AB  - Under adverse optical conditions (turbidity of the media) a well-trained
      observer/artist, using slit-lamp stereomicroscopy, is able to display in a
      drawing considerably more correct information about a fundus than what a fundus
      camera records. To a lesser degree this holds under favorable conditions too.
      General advocation of photography for being more objective is questioned; even if
      true, meme objectivity, i.e. no false information, would not make up for loss of
      important details. This paper intends to prove these points experimentally on an
      object (a nummulite shell) unfamiliar to the artist charged to do the drawing.
      The latter and photographs taken under varying conditions were compared inter se
      and with a high resolution scanning electron micrograph.

PMID- 1081850
TI  - [The alteration of the human ERG in light- and darkadapted state under normal and
      increased intraocular pressure (author's transl)].
AB  - Electroretinograms of 19 human eyes in light- and darkadapted state under normal
      and increased intraocular pressure (increased by a spring pressure dynamometer)
      were recorded (Pm = (Ps + Pd)/2). On physiological intraocular pressure the a
      wave showed a low increase in amplitude after 25 min of dark adaptation, the b
      wave a great one. After increasing the intraocular pressure no significant
      influence of the state of adaptation to the magnitude of the a- and b-wave could
      be found.

PMID- 1081851
TI  - Vitrectomy in exogenous Candida endophthalmitis.
AB  - A case of Candida endophthalmitis was clinically diagnosed three weeks after
      perforating injury. It was successfully treated with vitrectomy and intravitreal
      injection of 5 mcg of amphotericin B. A Candida speices was cultured from the
      vitreous aspirations.

PMID- 1081852
TI  - Hypersensitivity towards alpha-crystalline in the heterochromia syndrome.
AB  - In 4 cases of heterochromic cyclitis with cataract, 5 cases of herpetic
      iridocyclitis, and 5 cases of senile cataract, hypersensitivity to both alpha
      crystalline and uveal pigment was investigated by lymphocyte-transformation and
      leukocyte-migration tests. In 3 cases of heterochromic cyclitis with cataracts,
      cellular hypersensitivity to alpha-crystalline was proven. Basing on these
      findings, the role of hypersensitivity to lens proteins in the etiology of
      heterochromic cyclitis is suggested.

PMID- 1081853
TI  - Effects of some phlogistics on the capillary resistance of the rabbit
      conjunctiva.
AB  - Applying certain phlogistics (10% ol. sinapis, tinct. capsici, Dionin) and 1.5%
      histamine solution to the conjunctival sac of rabbits led to a mathematically
      significant decrease in conjunctival capillary resistance in every experimental
      animal. The effect occurred 20 to 30 min after application of the various
      pharmacons.

PMID- 1081854
TI  - Side-effects of local anesthetics on the corneal epithelium of the rabbit eye.
AB  - The toxic side-effects of 0.4% Novesine and Chibro-Kerakain were investigated by
      scanning- and transmission electron microscopy in 15 rabbit corneae each in
      intervals of 3, 6, 10, 15 and 60 mins. The lesions following Kerakain were larger
      and occurred earlier. After 60 mins, the specimens after Novesine application
      showed an almost complete repair process, whereas after Kerakain the epithelial
      surface appeared to be functionally impaired.

PMID- 1081855
TI  - Ultrasonic findings in the vitreous body at different ages and in patients with
      detachment of the retina.
AB  - The effect of age on degeneration of the vitreous body was studied in 77 patients
      and in 123 eyes. The patients were divided into three groups by age, with a mean
      age of 16, 35 and 72 years, respectively. In the two younger groups the vitreous
      body generally appeared to be acoustically homogeneous, while the oldest group
      showed heterogeneity of the vitreous body in a majority of cases. Syneresis of
      the vitreous body yielded a highly characteristic echogram. A total of 22 eyes
      with unilateral idiopathic detachment of the retina were examined, and in all of
      them degeneration of the vitreous body was clearly detected. Examination of the
      other, "normal" eye revealed only four eyes with an acoustically homogeneous
      vitreous body. Six patients had severe syneresis in bthe eyes. The evident
      conclusion is that detachment of the retina even in a single eye is often
      accompanied by degeneration of the vitreous body in the other eye as well.

PMID- 1081856
TI  - [Tension under controlled conditions in the encircling operation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The complications, which occur in encircling-operations, such as String-Syndrome,
      scleral Nekrosis, glaucoma-development (due to narrowing the anterior chamber) as
      well as closure of the central artery most frequently happen, when the globe has
      been tightened too much. From the calculations we have make using the cerclage
      element in reducing the circumference and volume (Fig. 2) we have shown that an
      identation of the sclera more than 3 mm deep is not advisable. The Silicon
      Cerclage-Materials, which we use, are tested by the tension-testing machine,
      which determines the modulus of elasticity. The stress, that is force per
      sectional area, is determined in relation to the amount of elongation in the
      material (Fig. 3). A round silicon rod with a diameter of 2 mm and a modulus of
      elasticity between 150 and 200 p/mm2 proved most effective. In addition, we have
      conducted experiments with the Cerclage-rods on enucleated human eyes (Fig. 4).
      In one experiment the intraocular pressure was determined in relation to the pull
      of the weight upon the globe (Fig. 5). In a second experiment the reduction of
      the circumference was related to the height of the intraocular pressure (Fig. 6).
      The elastic Cerlage-rod has the advantage of creeping, when tensed, it tries to
      regain its original length. However, the globe, owing to the pressure within it,
      works against the creeping. With the help of the stress-strain diagram (Fig. 7)
      and the experiments on the human eye we can determine more accurately the degree
      of the creeping. In index 1 we can see how much the circumference has been
      finally reduced including the creeping in relation to the height of the
      intraocular pressure. The intraocular pressure should not be increased above 35
      mm Hg. Otherwise: 1. the circumference of the globe will be considerably more
      reduced; 2. the intraocular pressure will rise much more slowly when compared to
      results at the lower eye-tension and 3. the volume reducing-effect will diminish
      markedly. It is important to measure the intraocular pressure before the end of
      the operation in order to avoid the above mentioned complications.

PMID- 1081857
TI  - The treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with the T-cell
      immunostimulant drug levamisole: A case report.
AB  - A 23-year-old woman with a nine-month history of SLE, uncontrolled with high
      daily doses of steroids, was treated with the T-cell immunostimulant drug,
      levamisole. Following a single oral three-day course of therapy with this agent
      her immunologic parameters and clinical manifestations underwent marked
      regression. Continuous two-weekly course of this drug at three days per course
      have allowed rapid reduction of her steroid and resulted in complete remission of
      her symptoms. The theoretical considerations for the use of levamisole dovetailed
      perfectly with the observed response to this agent.

PMID- 1081858
TI  - [Neonatal hepatitis with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficit. Apropos of a personal
      case].
AB  - The authors report a case of neonatal hepatitis with alpha-1-antitrypsin occuring
      in a child of ZZ phenotype. The anatomopathological study carried out on two
      liver biopsies showed changes of common cholestatic hepatitis developing into
      cirrhosis, as well as intrahepatocytary globulins. Moreover, these globulins,
      P.A.S. positive after treatment by alphaamylase, fix an antialpha-1-antitrypsine
      antiserum. Ultrastructural analysis shows them to be masses of amorphous
      material, feebly osmiophilic, outlined by a unitary membrane the moniliform
      aspect of which recalls the ergastoplasmic membrane. These findings are identical
      to those already made in cases of cirrhogenous neonatal hepatitis by alpha-1
      antitrypsine deficit reported in the literature. They point out the
      irreversibility of the affection which, after a stage of cholestatic hepatitis
      with or without inflammatory portal fibrosis, develops into cirrhosis. At this
      stage cholestasis has regressed or disappeared whereas portal sclerosis, often
      infiltrated with free elements, surrounds hepatic lobules and biliary
      neocanaliculi. But the globulins are still present and appear to be the specific
      feature of this deficit. By their ultrastructural and immuno-histochemical
      features, these globulins would represent a form of accumulation of alpha-1
      antitrypsin in the hepatocytes which normally carry out the synthesis of this
      antienzyme. Accumulation in the hepatocytes proves excretory disturbance of
      hypothetical mechanism: structural anomaly, changes  in the permeability of the
      membrane. Its role in the occurrence of hepatitis or cirrhosis lesions is still
      to be demonstrated but one may think that it consists in absence of inhibition of
      the enzymatic factors discharged during agressions.

PMID- 1081859
TI  - Local, passive transfer of purified protein derivative-delayed tuberculin
      hypersensitivity by guinea pig thymus-dependent lymphocytes.
AB  - Delayed skin reactions to purified protein derivative could be produced in guinea
      pigs by passive transfer of the population of sensitized lymphocytes, which have
      the ability to form rosettes with rabbit erythrocytes. Because it has been shown
      earlier that guinea pig thymus-dependent lymphocytes rosette with rabbit
      erythrocytes, it is concluded that thymus-dependent lymphocytes mediate delayed
      type hypersensitivity.

PMID- 1081860
TI  - Evidence of congenitally nonfunctioning cilia in the tracheobronchial tract in
      two subjects.
AB  - Mucociliary transport in the tracheobronchial tract was studies in 2 subjects by
      having them inhale a radioactively tagged test aerosol and by taking external
      measurements of the radioacitivity in the lungs for 2 hours. Both subjects had
      living, yet immotile seprmatozoa; the sperm tails lacked normal dynein arms,
      which are essential for the bending movements of sperm tails as well as of other
      cilia. The subjects were classified as suffering from Kartagener's syndrome
      (situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis) and were shown to have an
      extremely slow, probably absent transport. The results of the study were in
      agreement with a recent hypothesis explaining Kartagener's syndrome as due to a
      genetic lack of dynein arms. An estimate of the importance of mucociliary
      transport as a protective mechanism of the lung may be possible by examining
      patients suffering from Kartagener's syndrome.

PMID- 1081861
TI  - Intestinal bypass in morbid obesity: long-term metabolic sequelae.
AB  - A review of 51 patients undergoing jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity is
      presented. There were two postoperative deaths; the 49 remaining patients have
      been followed for up to five years. Weight loss has been acceptable, the
      complications for the most part being transient and easily controlled. We believe
      that jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity is a useful treatment modality in
      carefully selected patients.

PMID- 1081862
TI  - Smooth muscle antibody in heroin addicts.
AB  - The occurrence of autoantibodies and the concentrations of serum immunoglobulins
      were studied in 102 heroin addicts, 20 former addicts who had abstained from
      heroin for 1 year or more, and 40 normal control subjects. Antibodies to smooth
      muscle (46%) and lymphocytotoxic antibodies (30%) were detected in the active
      heroin users, and there was a significantly positive correlation between these
      autoantibodies. Absorption experiments strongly suggested antigenic cross
      reactivity between smooth muscle and lymphocyte membrane antigens. The presence
      of smooth muscle antibody in addicts was not clearly correlated with signs of
      active liver disease. The occurrence of smooth muscle antibody (10%) and
      lymphocytotoxic antibodies (15%) was significantly lower in the former heroin
      addicts than among active drug users. A significant elevation of IgM was found in
      the active heroin addicts. Gamma-M globulin was lower among the former heroin
      addicts but still elevated when compared with normal controls.

PMID- 1081863
TI  - [Treatment of atheromatous stenosis of the anterior interventricular artery by
      direct anastomosis with the internal mammary artery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081864
TI  - [Aorto-coronary bridging associated with aortic valve replacement. With reference
      to 14 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081865
TI  - Discoid lupus erythematosus as part of a larger disease spectrum. Correlation of
      clinical features with laboratory findings in lupus erythematosus.
AB  - This study compares the immunologic features of a homogeneous group of patients
      with discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) strictly limited to the skin (group 1)
      with those of patients with active discoid skin lesions plus visceral involvement
      (group 2) and with those of lupus erythematosus (LE) patients with proliferative
      glomerulonephritis (group 3). Positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) was found in 4%
      of group 1, 93% of group 2, and 100% of group 3. Low total hemolytic complement
      (CH50) was found in 4% of group 1, 47% of group 2, and 100% of group 3.
      Antibodies to native DNA (nDNA) were not found in group 1, were rarely found in
      group 2, and were present in nearly all patients in group 3. No group 1 patient
      had subepidermal immunoglobulin deposits in normal skin, 20% of group 2 had this
      finding, and 100% of group 3 had this finding. The ability to develop chronic
      discoid skin lesions appears to be associated with a reduced incidence of
      immunologic parameters of disease activity. The data suggest that patients with
      active discoid skin lesions rarely have severe renal disease.

PMID- 1081866
TI  - Proceedings: Clinical observations and histopathology of the liver in infants and
      children with alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1081867
TI  - Lung proteolytic activity and serum protease inhibition after NO2 exposure.
AB  - Proteolytic activity (PA) of lung extracts was measured in control hamsters and
      in those exposed to 20 ppm NO2 for 24 hours (acute) and 30 days (chronic). Total
      PA of these lungs as measured by pH 7.4 caseinolysis was slightly increased after
      the 24-hour, but normal following the 30-day exposure. Lung extract fractions
      from NO2-exposed animals display an increased PA at pH 3.0 and 9.0, but are near
      control levels at pH 7.0. Serum protease inhibitor (PI) activity is significantly
      increased after short NO2 exposure as compared with control conditions. No
      significant increase is observed in PI after chronic exposure. Increase in 24-hr
      NO2 lung extract PA is associated with increase in PI, which may neutralize the
      augmented proteolysis. These studies are consistent with previous observations
      that indicate prolonged NO2 exposure does not produce significant emphysema in
      the hamster lung.

PMID- 1081868
TI  - Letter: Prinzmetal angina.

PMID- 1081869
TI  - Electrophysiological orthosis for the upper extremity in hemiplegia: feasibility
      study.
AB  - A versatile two channel stimulator with cutaneous electrodes was designed and
      built to test the feasibility of multi-channel upper extremity functional
      electrical stimulation in hemiplegic patients. Preliminary experiments led to the
      choice of stimulation for hand opening (extensor carpi radialis and ulnaris,
      extensor digitorum communis) and elbow extension (triceps). Three channel
      stimulation including the deltoideus muscle was attempted successfully in one
      patient. Five of eight patients showed substantial improvement with the orthosis
      and three of these five showed some therapeutic effect over a period of two
      months. The stimulation was proportionally controlled by the patient by means of
      movement of the nonaffected shoulder. Functional tasks such as the shifting of an
      object between two specified areas on a desk were used for evaluation of
      performance. Tasks that were impossible without stimulation were easily performed
      with stimulation and after minimal training. The results obtained were
      significant for the functional rehabilitation of hemiplegic subjects. It is
      concluded that a more extensive clinical evaluation program including regular
      long term training of the subjects is justified.

PMID- 1081870
TI  - Complications of ornamental Christmas bulb ingestion. Case report and review of
      the literature.
AB  - Unusual complications ensued when a 14-month-old boy ingested an ornamental
      Christmas bulb. Profuse rectal bleeding, a large ischiorectal abscess, and an
      acute condition of the abdomen necessiated a sigmoid colostomy with drainage of
      the ischiorectal abscess. Following this, repeated episodes of hemorrhage via the
      colostomy and rectum required multiple operative procedures. The last of these
      was a total colectomy with an ileostomy and rectal mucous fistula. The patient
      subsequently developed intestinal obstruction that required lysis of adhesions
      and drainage of a chronic subhepatic abscess, due to perforation of the terminal
      part of the ileum. The patient required five months of hospitalization and
      further surgery to reconstruct gastrointestinal continuity. Hemorrhage is an
      infrequent complication of foreign body ingestion, as reported in the literature.
      We theorize that the problems in this case were the result of the extreme
      thinness (0.033 cm) and the brittleness of the glass fragments.

PMID- 1081871
TI  - Dorsal column stimulation. Its effect on the somatosensory evoked response.
AB  - Several authors have shown that dorsal column stimulation (DCS) modifies
      appreciation of pain. We studied the effects of DCS on the somatosensory evoked
      response (SER) in six subjects. Somatosensory evoked responses to stimulation of
      the tibial nerve and effects of varying frequencies and intensities of DCS on SER
      components were recorded. During DCS there was attenuation of late SER components
      with little effect on early components. Stimulus intensities greater than
      necessary to relieve pain suppressed all SER components. Our findings suggest
      that the minimal effective DCS variables to relieve pain are those that produce
      selective suppression of late SER components.

PMID- 1081872
TI  - Exteriorization of thoracic duct lymph. Theoretical considerations and an
      experimental model.
AB  - Successful manipulation of the immune response will ultimately provide the
      answers for controlling homograft rejection, reversing autoimmune states, and
      quite possibly for curing carcinoma and other malignant neoplasms. During the
      past decade, many new drugs and techniques have been developed that alter the
      immune state. The theoretical basis for approaching the immune system via the
      thoracic duct is based on the fact that 90% to 95% of the cells in thoracic duct
      lymph are thymus-derived lymphocytes. Therefore, by tapping the thoracic duct, we
      could conceivably manipulate the T lymphocytes and control the cell-mediated arm
      of the immune system. This has in fact been done in renal transplantation and
      autoimmune diseases. An experimental canine model was developed that exteriorized
      lymph flow in a closed system. We describe our experiences with four dogs and we
      discuss proposed immunologic manipulation.

PMID- 1081873
TI  - Vein grafts in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.

PMID- 1081874
TI  - National Rheumatism Unit, Rotorua, New Zealand.

PMID- 1081875
TI  - Hemorrhagic enteritis of turkeys. Antiserum -- efficacy, preparation, and use.
AB  - Intestinal and splenic lesions of experimentally produced hemorrhagic enteritis
      of turkeys were prevented by administering convalescent antiserum. Protection
      varied with antiserum quality and time of administration after infection. In
      general, 1.0 to 0.5 ml per poult prevented all lesions and as little as 0.25 to
      0.1 ml prevented intestinal lesions when administered within 48 hours of
      injection of the virus inoculum. Adding phenol to antiserum did not reduce its
      effectiveness. Convalescent antiserum was useful in controlling field hemorrhagic
      enteritis.

PMID- 1081876
TI  - Association of cold-reactive antilymphocyte antibodies with lymphopenia in
      systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - In a prospective study 26 of 29 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had
      cold-reactive antilymphocyte antibodies cytotoxic for autologous lymphocytes and
      lymphocytes from normal subjects. The level of antilymphocyte antibodies was
      highly correlated, by linear regression analysis, with lymphopenia in these
      patients. The data suggested that both the avidity and the concentration of these
      antibodies were important determinants in this relationship. A clear association
      between increased antilymphocyte antibody activity and exacerbation of SLE was
      demonstrated. Apart from lymphopenia, however, neither type of clinical
      manifestation nor any particular serologic abnormality appeared to be related to
      the presence of antilymphocyte antibodies.

PMID- 1081877
TI  - [A novel model of experimental toxic hepatitis/acute degenerative hepatitis
      induced by frog virus 3 (FV3) in the mouse (author's transl)].
AB  - The i.p. or i.v. injection of frog virus 3 (FV3) in mice produces a hepatitis
      which leads to the death of the animals within 24 h. This hepatitis is of a
      purely toxic nature since the virus does not develop at 37 degrees C. The toxic
      effect of the virus, which can be differentiated from the infectious effect,
      involves one or more structural proteins. The first pathological changes occur
      during the first few hours after the injection in the vicinity of the nuclei of
      the liver parenchyma cells in the form of changes in the chromatin and
      nucleoplasm. The inhibition of the synthesis of cellular macromolecules and of
      the function of nuclear enzymes points to the fact that it is the nucleus that is
      first and foremost attacked. Necrosis and biochemical disturbances in the
      vicinity of the cytoplasm appear later on. Premedication of the mice with a water
      soluble silymarin salt leads to a distinct rise in the survival rate of the
      animals. The protective function of silymarin is dependent on the dose and on the
      duration of the premedication. The LD50 of FV3 in those mice which had previously
      been given silymarin, is approximately three times that of the animals which
      received no premedication.

PMID- 1081878
TI  - Some biological properties of flurbiprofen, an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and
      antipyretic agent.
AB  - 2-(2-Fluoro-4-biphenyl)propionic acid (flurbiprofen) possesses peripheral
      analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. It does not possess
      glucocorticoid or adrenocortical-stimulating properties. It is a highly potent
      agent which in acute pharmacological test systems produced a significant
      pharmacological effect in single oral doses varying from 0.04 to 0.47 mg/kg. The
      peak plasma concentrations attained after these doses were generally of the order
      of 1 to 3 mug/ml. Doses of 0.33 mg/kg/day, which gave peak plasma concentrations
      of 0.6 mug/ml, produced a significant inhibition of rat adjuvant arthritis, both
      developing and established. The very shallow dose-response curves for
      flurbiprofen compared with acetylsalicylic acid, especially in the mouse and the
      rat test systems, are not due to an unreliable or abnormal absorption, which
      suggests that in these species the mode of action of flurbiprofen is not
      identical with that of acetylsalicylic acid.

PMID- 1081879
TI  - Two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis: a new simplified method.
AB  - A new method of two-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis is described, in which
      fixed amounts of both antigen (total proteins) and antibody are employed. When
      applied to normal human sera, it results in the appearance of 15 peaks accounting
      for the commonest serum proteins with the only exception of alpha 1-acid
      glycoprotein. Transferrin, measured by Laurell's or Mancini's technique, is used
      as an internal standard. The height of the transferrin peak at 300 mg% is
      determined by a calibration curve. The heights of the various peaks are thus
      expressed as percentages of that of transferrin at 300 mg%. The method appears to
      be simple, rapid and antiserum-saving.

PMID- 1081880
TI  - [5-hydroxytryptophan and response of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenocortical
      system to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in humans].

PMID- 1081881
TI  - Immunosuppressives in uveitis. A preliminary report of experience with
      chlorambucil.

PMID- 1081882
TI  - The nature of a pgiment-protein complex excreted from mutants of Rhodopseudomonas
      sphaeroides.
AB  - Pigment-protein complexes excreted from three bacteriochlorophyll-less mutants
      (mutants 8, 8-29, and 8-47) of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides have been isolated
      and purified. In the absence of detergents the complexes remained in an
      aggregated state, but were disaggregated by 0.2% Triron X-100. Sepharose 6B gel
      filtration indicated that the disaggregated complex from each of the mutants had
      a particle weight of about 165000, and contained 30 +/- 3% protein. This complex
      was further dissociated by 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate. Sephadex G-100 gel
      filtration now indicated that the majority of the protein was present as a small
      polypeptide with a molecular weight of about 9000. The pigment-protein complex
      from one of the mutants was treated with a bacteriochlorophyll extract. The
      bacteriochlorophyll was converted to bacteriopheophytin and became bound to the
      protein, replacing the endogenous tetrapyrrole (a bacteriocholorophyll
      precursor). The red absorption maximum of the bacteriopheophytin was shifted
      during this process to 840-865 nm. These properties are consistent with the
      possibility that the pigment-protein complexes contain a protein normally
      associated with light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll in the wide-type strain.

PMID- 1081883
TI  - [Protein-lipid interactions during lipid peroxidation in photoreceptor
      membranes].
AB  - It has been shown that chemical modification of hydrophobic lipid phase
      (lipoperoxidation) of outer segments membrane discs of frog retina rods brings
      about weakening protein-lipid interactions in the photoreceptor membrane. As a
      result of this extraction of rhodopsin with anion detergent (sodium cholate) in
      the concentrations not exceeding the critical concentration of micelloformation
      increases, and spontaneous release of rhodopsin into water phase is observed. At
      the same time the number of phospholipid molecules extracted in lipoprotein
      rhodopsin complex from the membranes of outer segments decreases 3-4-fold.

PMID- 1081884
TI  - [Spontaneous and induced autoxidation of phospholipids during conformational
      rearrangements in outer segment membranes of frog retinal rods].
AB  - Kinetics of spontaneous and induced by the system Fe+++ascorbate peroxide
      oxidation of lipids in the membranes of outer segments of frog retina rods has
      been studied. Free radical oxidation of phospholipids passes the same stages as
      liquid phase oxidation of alkenes. Docosahexaenoi fatty acid residue of
      phosphatidyletanolamine is the main substrate of autooxidation. The structural
      organization of photoreceptor membranes is the factor which controls the reaction
      rate of peroxide oxidation; and reconstructions in membrane organization (at
      rhodopsin photolysis) result in the changes of autooxidation rate of
      phospholipids in the membrane.

PMID- 1081885
TI  - Purification of chitinases contained in pancreas or gastric mucosa of frog.

PMID- 1081886
TI  - A theoretical and experimental determination of vestibular dynamics in caloric
      stimulation.

PMID- 1081887
TI  - [Effect of trypsin inhibitor of a peptide-protein nature on kallikreins from
      human and rabbit blood stream].
AB  - The effect of three natural trypsin inhibitors--polyvalent Kunitz inhibitor
      (BPTI), the inhibitor from cow colostrum (CTI) and the inhibitor from soybean
      (SBTI)--on esterase and kininogenase action of partially purified kallikrein
      preparations from human and rabbit blood serum is studied. The effect of each
      inhibitor was estimated from Ki values. The latters show that BPTI, SBTI and CTI
      are strong inhibitors of both kallikreins. Ki values, as estimated from the
      hydrolysis rate of N-bensoyl-L-arginine ethyl ester, were found to be for human
      blood serum kallikrein and BPTI, SBTI and CTI 1,1-10(-9), 4,7-10(-9) and 3,6-10(
      8) M respectively and for rabbit kallikrein--1,7-10(-9), 2,3-10(-8) and 2,3-10(
      8) M. In the case of kallikrein catalysing more specific kininogenase reaction Ki
      value for complex of human serum kallikrein with BPTI was 4,8-10(-10) M, for SBTI
      -1,1-10(-10) M and for CTI--3,6-10(-8) M; for rabbit kallikrein--1,7-10(-9) M,
      1,1-10(-9) and 2,3-10(-8) M respectively. The data obtained suggest the high
      sensitivity of human and rabbit serum kallikreins to the trypsin inhibitor of
      peptide-protein nature and a close similarity in composition of the active site
      for both serum kallikreins and trypsin, two spices different kininogenases--from
      human and rabbit serum had also similarity in molecule conformation and
      composition active site.

PMID- 1081888
TI  - [Telemetry of intracranial pressure (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081889
TI  - Electrical characteristics of frog atrial trabeculae in the double sucrose gap.
AB  - The electrical behavior of small single frog atrial trabeculae in the double
      sucrose gap has been investigated. The currents injected during voltage clamp
      experiments did not behave as predicted from the assumption of spatial uniformity
      of the voltage across a Hodgkin-Huxley membrane. Much of the difference is due to
      the geometrical complexities of this tissue. Nonetheless, two transient inward
      currents have been identified, the faster of which is blocked by tetrodotoxin
      (TTX). The magnitude of the slower transient varies markedly between preparations
      but always increases in a given preparation with increase of external calcium.
      The fast transient current traces, at small to intermediate depolarizations, are
      often marred by the presence of notches and secondary peaks due most probably to
      the loss of space clamp conditions. In many preparations these could be removed
      by reducing the current magnitude through application of a partially-blocking
      dose of TTX. Conversely, in the preparations whose fast transient was fully
      blocked by TTX, notches and secondary peaks in the slow transient could by
      induced through increasing calcium concentration and thereby the slow current
      magnitude. Previously used techniques for the measurement of the reversal
      potential of the fast inward transient have been shown to be invalid. In so far
      as they can be measured, the reversal potentials of the fast and slow inward
      transient are in the same neighborhood, i.e. around 120 mV from rest. The true
      values may be quite a bit apart. The total charge flow in the capacitive
      transient was measured for different sized nodes and preparations. From these
      data and estimates of plasma membrane area per unit trabecular volume, specific
      membrane capacitances of around 3 muF/cm2 were calculated for small bundles. The
      apparent ion current densities on this basis are approximately 1/10 of those
      measured in axons. The capacitive current occurring in small bundles decayed as
      the sum of at least three exponential functions of time. On the basis of these
      data and the anomalously large stable node widths, we suggest a coaxial core
      model of the preparation with the inner elements in series with an additional
      large extracellular resistance.

PMID- 1081890
TI  - Report of the Committee on the Genetic Constitution of the X Chromosome.

PMID- 1081891
TI  - Impaired T-cell transformation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL):
      Demonstration of a blastogenesis inhibitory factor.
AB  - A noncytotoxic serum factor was found in CLL serum which interfered with the
      response of normal lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen
      (PWM). This factor was not produced by B-lymphocytes during short-term culture.
      This factor may contribute to the impaired lymphocyte responsiveness in CLL. In
      five of six patients, T-lymphocytes which were purified by passage over nylon
      wool columns exhibited an impaired response to both PHA and PWM, suggesting that
      a dilutional effect alone does not fully explain the impaired lymphocyte
      transformation in CLL.

PMID- 1081892
TI  - Growth stimulation of human bone marrow cells in agar culture by vascular cells.
AB  - Human vascular cells are capable of stimulating granulopoiesis in agar culture of
      human bone marrow cells. This effect was obtained by including vein fragments in
      the culture or by using endothelial cells separated from the vein of human
      umbilical cords as feeder cells. Furthermore, the stimulatory capacity of
      conditioned medium obtained from cord veins was found to be highly active in
      comparison to that obtained from peripheral leukocytes. Endothelial cells within
      the bond marrow cavity are suggested as a local source of factors regulating
      granulopoiesis in humans in addition to the monocyte.

PMID- 1081893
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activities in human blood leukocytes and
      lymphoblast cell lines: high levels in lymphoblast cell lines and in blast cells
      of some patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in acute phase.
AB  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, an enzyme which catalyzes the
      polymerization of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, elongating oligo- or
      polydeoxynucleotide chains, but without direction from a nucleic acid template,
      is thought to be specific for thymus gland and thymus-derived cells. We have
      confirmed the observations that high levels are characteristic of thymus gland
      with both human and calf tissue and that elevated levels may be found in some
      cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia. High levels were also found in human
      lymphoblast cell lines with T-cell characteristics, and insignificant activity
      was observed in leukocytes of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia not in
      acute blast phase of the disease, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, human B-cells,
      and normal human blood lymphocytes even after stimulation with
      phytohemagglutinin. However, high levels (approximately 200 nmoles/hr/10(9)
      cells) equivalent to those in thymus tissue and lymphoblast cell lines with T
      cell characteristics were found in the peripheral blood blast cells of four
      patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in an acute blast phase of their
      disease. One hypothesis that may explain the present results is that in chronic
      myelogenous leukemia in acute blast phase of the disease the proliferative blast
      response may not always be myeloblasts but in some cases it may be lymphoblasts.

PMID- 1081894
TI  - Letter: Colony-stimulating factor and vitamin B 12 carrier protein.

PMID- 1081895
TI  - B lymphocyte subpopulations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - We have defined two subpopulations of B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia (CLL). The major variant (termed typical) was characterized by the
      presence of a relatively homogeneous population of small-to-medium-sized
      lymphocytes with low-density SmIgM and no evidence of intracellular Ig synthesis.
      A minor group (termed atypical) was identified by the presence of a pleomorphic
      cell population with few small lymphocytes. The predominant SmIg was IgG, which
      was detected intracellularly as well as in the serum. The atypical group appeared
      to be an arrest at a later stage of differentiation where a switch from IgM to
      IgG synthesis and secretion had occurred. Clinical correlation suggested several
      clear-cut differences in clinicopathologic characteristics, but the median
      survivals for both groups at 2 yr was nearly identical.

PMID- 1081896
TI  - Immunologic studies on human factor VIII (anti-hemophilic factor A, AHF)
      components produced by low-ionic-strength dialysis.
AB  - Since dialysis of human factor VIII against buffers of low ionic strength yielded
      two distinct components, and since the factor VIII fraction isolated from normal
      plasma showed von Willebrand factor activity as defined by the corrective effect
      on abnormal platelet retention and ristocetin aggregation in von Willebrand's
      disease, the present studies were performed to determine if the correcting
      activities could be attributed to one or both of the components. Dialysis of
      factor VIII against buffers of low ionic strength led, however, to a decrease in
      factor VIII procoagulant activity and the reduction of the correcting activities,
      which suggested that the intact aggregate was required for procoagulant activity
      and for von Willebrand factor activity. In this respect dialysis of factor VIII
      at low ionic strength differed from dissociation at high salt concentrations. The
      two low ionic strength components were identified by the use of a rabbit
      antiserum against factor VIII, and could be distinguished on the basis of
      specific antigenic structures. Dialysis of factor VIII at low ionic strength led
      to a decrease in antigenic determinants closely related to factor VIII function.
      Specific antibodies to the low ionic strength components inhibited factor VIII
      activity in normal plasma, but the residual factor VIII was higher than that
      after inhibition with antibodies against intact factor VIII. Both antibodies
      interfered with von Willebrand factor activity.

PMID- 1081897
TI  - Platelet release abnormality associated with a variant of von Willebrand's
      disease.
AB  - A family with a platelet release abnormality (PRA) is described. The only son
      also showed a reduced rate of platelet aggregation in response to ristocetin,
      markedly reduced levels of von Willebrand's factor (vWf, ristocetin cofactor),
      and increased mobility of factor VIII-like antigen, features which were
      suggestive of von Willebrand's disease (vWd). No inhibition of vWf was found in
      his plasma. Family studies showed no evidence of vWd in the mother. The father's
      investigations showed a low rate of ristocetin aggregation on one of the two
      occasions when it was tested and low vWf on two of four occasions. Despite
      repeated testing, the findings in the father did not conclusively rule out the
      possibility of mild vWd, and it was impossible to determine whether the vWd in
      the son was inherited or arose as a mutation. The findings in this family suggest
      a possible relationship between abnormalities of the factor VIII complex and
      defective platelet function.

PMID- 1081898
TI  - Editorial: Antirheumatic drugs: plenty is not enough.

PMID- 1081899
TI  - Letter: Oculocutaneous reactions in beta-blocking drugs.

PMID- 1081900
TI  - The immunological hazard of Cushing's syndrome.
AB  - A 24-year-old woman was found to have cryptococcal meningitis and Cushing's
      syndrome due to an adrenal adenoma. Her meningitis was successfully arrested with
      fluorouracil. Treatment with metyrapone decreased her cortisol production and
      produced clinical remission of Cushing's syndrome. On admission her peripheral T
      lymphocytes were few and hyporeactive. When the overproduction of cortisol ceased
      the numbers of T lymphocytes and their reactivity returned to normal and she
      developed in-vitro lymphocyte responsiveness to the cryptococci.

PMID- 1081901
TI  - In vivo release of 5-HT in the lateral ventricle of the rat: effects of 5
      hydroxytryptophan and tryptophan.
AB  - The in vivo release of 5-HT was examined in the rat brain. For this purpose, the
      left lateral ventricle was perfused at a constant rate with an artificial CSF for
      several hours in animals anaesthetized with halothane. 5-HT was estimated in
      serial 1-h collected fractions. The amine was first isolated by adsorption on a
      Sephadex G-10 column and then assayed using the radioenzymatic method of Saavedra
      et al.37, slightly modified to improve its sensitivity. The quantity of 5-HT
      released spontaneously during the first hour fraction was 296 pg, it was lower
      (99 pg/h) in the following fractions. 5-HT released into the CSF may in great
      part originate from serotoninergic terminals localized in structures surrounding
      the ventricle. This was suggested by experiments in which exogenous [3H]5-HT or
      [3H]tryptophan were perfused through the lateral ventricle during a few hours.
      [3H]5-HT taken up or synthetized was mainly localized in structures surrounding
      the ventricular space. The acute injection of 5-hydroxytryptophan (100 mg/kg)
      induced an immediate important and long lasting increase of 5-HT release. In
      contrast the acute injection of tryptophan (100 mg/kg) led to a transient and
      moderate elevation of 5-HT release which was only detected during the second hour
      of perfusion. Curiously a similar pattern of transmitter release was observed
      following the constant intravenous infusion of the amino acid (70 mg/kg/h) except
      that the increase in 5-HT release was much more pronounced during the second hour
      than after the acute injection. Parallel experiments were made to determine the
      time course of the changes of free and total tryptophan levels in plasma and of
      those of tryptophan, 5-HT, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic-acid (5-HIAA) in brain
      tissues, induced by the acute and long term administrations of tryptophan.
      Moreover the rate of 5-HT synthesis was estimated using the monoamine oxidase
      inhibition method 2 and 5 h after both tryptophan treatments in halothane
      anaesthetized rats. 5-HT levels and the synthesis rate of the transmitter were
      increased at 2 h (when both tryptophan treatments stimulated 5-HT release).
      Despite the presence of high tryptophan levels in plasma and tissues and of high
      5-HT and 5-HIAA levels in tissues, the synthesis rate of 5-HT (as the 5-HT
      release) was similar to that of controls 5 h after the onset of tryptophan
      infusion. These results suggest that some relationships occurred between the
      changes in 5-HT SYNTHESIs and release after the first hour of perfusion. The
      absence of effects of tryptophan treatments on 5-HT release during the first hour
      of perfusion are also discussed.

PMID- 1081902
TI  - Aerobic exercise prescription intensity in terms of maximal working capacity.

PMID- 1081903
TI  - Improvement in delayed hypersensitivity in Hodgkin's disease with transfer
      factor: lymphapheresis and cellular immune reactions or normal donors.
AB  - Passive transfer of delayed hypersensitivity was achieved, with normal transfer
      factor, in patients with Hodgkin's disease in remission. The cellular immune
      responses of the recipients improved. It is suggested that, in addition to
      specific effect the transfer factor (or factors) has a nonspecific effect causing
      improvement in the state of delayed hypersensitivity of the recipient in general.
      The average number of E-rosette T lymphocytes was 46.3% after the transfer factor
      treatment in Hodgkin's disease. The control patients with Hodgkin's disease, not
      receiving transfer factor, had a value of 37.8%. Removal of 4.9 X 10(9) to 1.08 X
      10(10) lymphocytes did not diminish the delayed hypersensitivity of the donor.
      Side effects attributable to transfer factor were not seen.

PMID- 1081904
TI  - Complications of indwelling chemotherapy catheters.
AB  - Fifty consecutive chemotherapeutic infusions for cancer via precutaneously
      introduced arterial catheters were reviewed to determine the frequency of
      angiographic and clinical complications related to the indwelling catheter.
      Fibrin cloaking along the catheter was found in 20 patients studied by pull-out
      arteriography and was unassociated with clinical symptoms. Major thrombus
      formation occurred around the catheter tip in 28% of the infused vessels, all
      within the hepatic artery. Clinical symptoms developed in only three patients
      where thrombosis of the hepatic artery had propagated into the celiac axis.
      Systemic heparinization did not reduce the incidence of thrombus formation but
      did increase the incidence of mild gastrointestinal bleeding. Several factors may
      reduce the incidence of complications, such as puncture of a large artery, use of
      soft, pliable, and small diameter catheters, proper free position of the catheter
      in the infused vessel, regular angiographic checkups for catheters position, and
      early evidence of thrombus formation.

PMID- 1081905
TI  - Intensity of immunosuppressive therapy and the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii
      pneumonitis.
AB  - One hundred and forty-nine children with acute lymphocytic leukemia treated
      according to a prospective protocol were randomized after induction of remission
      and central nervous system (CNS) irradiation to receive maintenance chemotherapy
      with 1, 2, 3, or 4 chemotherapy agents. The incidence of P. carinii pneumonitis
      (PCP) was 5.0, 2.3, 2.2, and 22.4%, respectively, during the period of
      maintenance therapy. An additional 31 patients enrolled in the same study were
      placed in special categories to receive three drugs for maintenance plus
      supplemental chemotherapy or irradiation because of CNS leukemia on admission,
      remission failure, ediastinal mass, or generalized lymphosarcoma without bone
      marrow involvement. The incidences of PCP in these groups were 16.7, 30.0, 35.7,
      and 0%, respectively, during the period of maintenance therapy.

PMID- 1081906
TI  - A study of childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - The pathologic and clinical features of 31 cases of childhood non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma (NHL) were reviewed retrospectively using Rappaport's classification and
      a modification of the Ann Arbor staging system. Twenty-nine (93.5%) of the
      patients had diffuse and 2 (6.5%) had nodular lymphoma. Diffuse histiocytic
      lymphoma accounted for 10 cases (32.3%), diffuse undifferentiated for 9 (29%),
      and diffuse lymphocytic, poorly differentiated for 5 (16.1%). Five cases (16.1%)
      were unclassifiable. No cases of well-differenitated lymphocytic or mixed cell
      lymphoma were found. A modified classification was attempted, which included also
      large basophilic cell (LBC), convoluted T-lymphocytic (CTL), and Burkitt's
      lymphomas. These pathologic subgroups accounted for 35.4%, 16.1%, and 6.5% of the
      cases, respectively. The patients were almost equally divided between clinically
      localized and generalized stages, and their survival was stage-dependent. The
      overall survival was 32.3%; the 3-year survival was 50% for Stages I and II,
      compared to 7.7% for Stages III and IV. The gastrointestinal tract was the most
      common site of origin. In 22% of the cases, the disease originated in extra
      lymphatic tissues. Central nervous syste, involvement occurred in 10 of 31
      children (32%), and a leukemic picture developed in 6 of 31 (19%). The Ctl
      lymphomas were confined to the mediastinum, whereas the LBC lymphomas arose
      mostly in Waldeyer's ring and Peyer's patches. We conclude that the extent of the
      disease as determined by clinical staging had prognostic significance in
      childhood NHL. The prognostic value of the histological classification could not
      be clearly established from our data.

PMID- 1081907
TI  - Absorption of leucovorin (NSC-3590) from a "mouthwash".

PMID- 1081908
TI  - Assay for citrovorum factor (NSC-3590) in the presence of methotrexate (NSC-740).
AB  - Treatment of certain malignancies with high-dose methotrexate/citrovorum factor
      rescue has recently been adopted as an effective regimen. A microbiologic assay
      capable of detecting citrovorum factor in the presence of massive amounts of
      methotrexate has been developed using a strain of Pediococcus cerevisiae
      resistant to methotrexate. The assay described in this paper is an inexpensive
      and rapid method of studying the distribution kinetics of citrovorum factor.

PMID- 1081909
TI  - Complement (C3) receptor-bearing lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity and lymphotoxin
      responses.

PMID- 1081910
TI  - Uridine labeling of human lymphocytes: differential uptake by T and B cells.

PMID- 1081911
TI  - Migration of thymus cells to the developing gut-associated lymphoid tissues of
      the young rabbit.

PMID- 1081912
TI  - Thymopoietin-induced acquisition of responsiveness to T cell mitogens.

PMID- 1081913
TI  - A comparison of the effects of metabolic inhibitors upon direct and antibody
      dependent lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1081914
TI  - [Pi-system. IV. Evaluation of electrophoretic polymorphism in the most frequent
      phenotypes in alpha 1 antitrypsin].

PMID- 1081915
TI  - [Pi system. V. Clinical importance of 2-dimensional electrophoresis for
      phenotypization of alpha-1-antitrypsin].

PMID- 1081916
TI  - [Ventriculography of the IIIrd and IVth chamber by means of Conray 60 (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1081917
TI  - [Pathology of color vision. Practical diagnosis. Clinical significance and socio
      occupational applications].

PMID- 1081918
TI  - [Ophthalmic zona in a child. Attempt at treatment by macrophagic stimulation].

PMID- 1081919
TI  - [Recent data on acquired dyschromatopsia].

PMID- 1081920
TI  - [The new color test].

PMID- 1081921
TI  - Antibody-dependent lymphocyte killer function in human immunodeficiency diseases.
AB  - Antibody-dependent cell immunity to the lymphocyte system (ABCIL) has been shown
      to be a function of a non-thymus-processed cell in the experimental animal. To
      evaluate its role in the human and to assess its clinical usefulness, we assessed
      ABCIL in twenty-five patients with various immunodeficiency (ID) syndromes. Our
      technique measures the lysis of 51Cr-labelled normal human lymphocytes coated
      with HL-A-specific antibody. Cytotoxicity is expressed as a percentage of 51Cr
      released after subtracting the spontaneous target cell release. Mean values in
      normals are 20+/-2 (s.e.). The ten patients with AB deficiency had a mean ABCIL
      of 7-9+/-2 (Pless than0-01). All eight patients with cellular ID had normal ABCIL
      (18+/-2), while the ten patients with combined ID had variable results. Effector
      cell function in the ABCIL test correlated (r=0-74; Pless than0-05) with the
      percentage of B cells in the peripheral blood. No correlation was found between
      ABCIL function and serum immunoglobulin levels or rosette-forming cells in the
      peripheral blood. There is a function for B lymphocytes other than as a precursor
      of antibody-synthesizing cells.

PMID- 1081922
TI  - The effect of Freund's complete adjuvant on the cellular response in mice to
      sheep erythrocytes.
AB  - The effect of Freund's complete adjuvant on the cellular response in BALB/c mice
      to SRBC was studied using techniques based on immunocytoadherence (ICA),
      inhibition of ICA using an antiserum to the theta alloantigen, and immune
      adherence (IA). Particular attention was paid to the cellular morphology of the
      responding lymph nodes, details of which are described.

PMID- 1081923
TI  - Electrophoresis of lymphoid cells. A study of Bruton type of agammaglobulinaemia,
      thymic dysplasia, chronic lymphatic leukaemia and of normal human thymocytes.
AB  - The mean electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of blood lymphocytes from a patient with
      Bruton type of agammaglobulinaemia was high with a unimodal distribution pattern.
      That of blood lymphocytes from a patient with severe thymic dysplasia was low,
      with a small faster group. The difference between the major groups was about 30%.
      Thymocytes had a mean EPM 25% lower than that of normal T cells. Blood and spleen
      cells in a chronic lymphatic leukaemic of B-cell origin had a mean EPM 35% higher
      than that of the majority of normal B cells.

PMID- 1081924
TI  - Susceptibility of inbred rat strains to experimental thyroiditis: quantitation of
      thyroglobulin-binding cells and assessment of T-cell function in susceptible and
      non-susceptible strains.
AB  - Ten inbred strains of rats were immunized with crude homologous thyroglobulin
      emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant in order to investigate strain
      susceptibility to the induction of both thyroiditis and antibody to
      thyroglobulin. Two strains (LH and AUG) were found to be extremely susceptible
      and had 100% incidence of thyroid lesions which in general varied from moderate
      to very severe (mean index of pathology+/-SE, 2-5+/-0-2 and 2-1+/-0-4
      respectively). One other strain (HL) also had 100% incidence of lesions but there
      were consistently mild in character (1-1+/-0-1). Two strains (DA and SD) were
      variable, with thyroid change varying from negative to severe. Three strains
      (LEW, WAG and PVG/c) had occasional lesions and the remaining two strains (AS and
      CAM) showed no thyroid change. Four strains (LH, AUG, HL and DA) consistently
      produced good antibody responses to thyroglobulin (mean titres+/-SE 7-3+/-0-3, 9
      5+/-0-4, 6-9+/-0-3 and 6-6+/-0-5 respectively). In contrast WAG and CAM rats
      failed to develop autoantibody and the responses of AS, PVG/c and SD strain rats
      were quite variable. Although the autoantibody response generally correlated well
      with the presence of thyroiditis in a particular strain, LEW, AS and PVG/c rats
      often had good antibody levels with minimal thyroid lesions. Females of the most
      susceptible strains (LH and AUG) were found to have significantly more severe
      thyroid lesions and higher antibody titres to thyroglobulin than males. The most
      susceptible strains were all found to be of the Ag-B5 major histocompatibility
      genotype whilst the least susceptible were of the Ag-B2 genotype. However, wide
      interstrain variability was noted within the Ag-B5 genotype particularly with
      respect to the induction and extent of thyroid lesions. It was not found possible
      to relate the divergence in susceptibility between rat strains of Ag-B5 and Ag-B2
      genotypes to differences in respective numbers of thyroglobulin-binding cells
      within the circulation of the non-immunized animal. Similarly, there were no
      differences in response between a susceptible (LH) and non-susceptible (CAM)
      strain to the phytomitogens PHA and Con A.

PMID- 1081925
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in rubella assayed by cytotoxicity of supernatants from
      rubella virus-stimulated human lymphocyte cultures.
AB  - Rubella virus-stimulated lymphocytes from rubella-seropositive donors produced in
      the culture medium cytotoxic activity with preferential action against rubella
      infected over uninfected target cells. The ability of lymphocytes to produce the
      cytotoxic activity upon stimulation by rubella virus correlated with the humoral
      rubella-immunity status, i.e. no such cytotoxic activity developed in the
      supernatants of lymphocyte cultures of rubella-seronegative donors. Stimulation
      of lymphocytes from seropositive donors by rubella virus was also detected by
      thymidine incorporation, but the correlation of lymphocyte responsiveness to the
      humoral rubella antibody status was not so clear as in the cytotoxicity assay.
      Conversion of lymphocytes from unresponsive to responsive to rubella virus
      following natural rubella infection and after rubella vaccination was
      demonstrated using both methods. Following vaccination rubella-specific cell
      mediated immunity first became demonstrable at 14 days. The responsiveness of
      lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) after rubella vaccination was followed
      by studying thymidine uptake and the ability of lymphocytes to produce
      lymphootoxin. By both tests marked suppression of PHA response occurred at days 3
      and 7 after vaccination.

PMID- 1081926
TI  - In vitro activation of human T and B lymphocytes by pokeweed mitogen.
AB  - In previous in vitro studies the DNA synthesis in human blood lymphocytes induced
      by low concentration of PWM correlated with the percentage of bone marrow-derived
      (B) lymphocytes in cell suspensions. No correlation with lymphocyte
      subpopulations was noted when lymphocytes were activated by high concentrations
      of PWM. In this paper the hypothesis that low concentration of PWM mainly
      activates B lymphocytes was tested by measuring the [14C]thymidine incorporation
      into purified T or B lymphocytes from healthy donors. B lymphocytes were purified
      to 90--95% by buoyant density centrifugation of T lymphocytes rosetted with sheep
      red blood cells. T lymphocytes were enriched by passage of lymphocytes through an
      IgG-anti-IgG-coated column. Low concentration of PWM-stimulated B lymphocytes but
      not T lymphocytes, while high concentrations of the stimulant activated both cell
      types. It was also noted that the B- but not the T-lymphocyte fraction contained
      cells which synthesized DNA in the absence of PWM.

PMID- 1081927
TI  - Specific concentration of antilymphocyte antibodies in the serum cryoprecipitates
      of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Antibodies to surface determinants of human lymphocytes, recognized both by
      cytotoxicity of fluorescent antibody analysis, were shown to be specifically
      enriched over the serum levels in cryoprecipitates from patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus (SLE). The antilymphocyte antibody was shown to be cold
      reactive and was exclusively IgM. It was distinct from IgM anti-IgG, which was
      also variably concentrated in the cryoprecipitates. The question whether the
      antilymphocyte antibodies appear in the cryoprecipitates as complexes because of
      interaction with surface membrane antigens, or simply because of cold reactive
      properties, remains to be determined. The possible clinical relevance of the
      cryoprecipitation of these antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus is
      discussed.

PMID- 1081928
TI  - Autoantibodies in patients with carcinoma of the breast. Correlation with
      prognosis.
AB  - Sera from a hundred patients with operable carcinoma of the breast and seventy
      five age-matched controls were examined for antinuclear, smooth muscle,
      glomerular and mitochondrial antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence technique.
      Antinuclear and smooth muscle antibodies were found to be more frequent in cancer
      patients than in controls. The incidence of autoantibodies at the time the
      diagnosis was established was higher in patients who developed local recurrences
      or distant metastases within 2 years than in patients free from recurrence.

PMID- 1081929
TI  - In vitro differentiation of human marrow cells into T lymphocytes by thymic
      extracts using the rosette technique.
AB  - The manner by which human and calf thymic extracts induce precursor cells of
      human marrow to differentiate in vitro into T lymphocytes has been studied using
      as a T-cell marker the spontaneous rosette formation technique of human T
      lymphocytes with sheep erythrocytes (E rosette). These findings confirm previous
      observations made in the study of the same process using a different T-cell
      marker, specific antigenicity recognizable by a heterologous anti-human T-cell
      serum in a microcytotoxicity test. The number of cells revealing evidence of
      differentiation demonstrated by the E rosette formation technique is smaller than
      that obtained with the anti-human T-cell serum, indicating perhaps that a
      different stage of maturation of T lymphocytes is recognized by the antiserum
      from the one detected by spontaneous rosette formation. Based on the effects of
      specific inhibitors of nucleic acids and protein synthesis, it can be concluded
      that these thymic extracts ultimately act by influences exerted in the cell
      nucleus and that RNA and protein synthesis are required for the differentiation
      of precursor cells into T lymphocytes induced by thymic extracts. In addition,
      continued protein synthesis appears to be required for maintenance of receptors
      for sheep erythrocytes on the cell surface.

PMID- 1081930
TI  - The relationship of autoantibodies to depression of cell-mediated immunity in
      infectious mononucleosis.
AB  - It has been postulated that autoantibody formation occurs as a consequence of a
      depression of function of certain thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells). We have
      examined cell-mediated immunity, a T-cell function, in infectious mononucleosis,
      a condition in which autoantibodies are known to develop. We have shown some
      evidence of depressed cell-mediated immunity in patients with infectious
      mononucleosis but have been unable to correlate this with autoantibody
      production. These results do not support the hypothesis that depression of T-cell
      function leads to autoantibody formation.

PMID- 1081931
TI  - Disparity in the production of lymphoblastogenesis inhibition factor by cultured
      human B and T lymphoid cell lines.
AB  - A comparative study of inhibitory effects of cell-free supernatants from cultured
      human B and T lymphoid cell lines on lymphocyte blastogenesis indicated that the
      inhibitory effect of supernatant from B lymphoid cells on lymphocyte
      blastogenesis was significantly higher than that of supernatant from T lymphoid
      cells or from non-lymphoid neoplastic cells. The inhibitory effect of supernatant
      was reversible and dose-related. The inhibitory effect gradually diminished with
      time when the supernatant from B lymphoid cells was added to the culture, 1-3
      days after the beginning of cultures. The supernatant of human B lymphoid cells
      was also found to be highly active in affecting the mouse thymus cell response.
      The biological nature of this inhibitory factor has not been defined. Both B
      lymphoid cell lines used in the present study contained Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
      genomes while the T-cell line and the non-lymphoid neoplastic cell lines were
      free of EBV genomes. Sensitivity of the supernatant of B lymphoid cells to u.v.
      irradiation and heat suggests the possibility that the EBV genomes released into
      the culture medium may be responsible for inhibition of lymphocyte blastogenesis;
      resistance of this supernatant to DNase suggests that the EBV genomes may be
      double-stranded DNA.

PMID- 1081932
TI  - Thyroiditis in T cell-depleted rats. Influence of strain, radiation dose,
      adjuvants and antilymphocyte serum.
AB  - Strain differences in susceptibility to the development of thyroiditis following
      adult thymectomy and repeated sublethal X-irradiation (4 X 200 rad) were
      investigated in the rat. Marked strain variation was noted, with AUG and PVG/c
      rats having the highest incidence and severity of lesion (100 and 80%
      respectively) whilst CAM rats had a low incidence (9%). WAG and LIS rats occupied
      an intermediate position. The incidence of autoantibodies to thyroglobulin
      correlated closely with the strain incidence of thyroiditis (r = 0-87).
      Fractionation of the sera from thymectomized and irradiated rats by gel
      filtration chromatography indicated that the bulk of the antibodies to
      thyroglobulin were of the IgG class. Freund's complete adjuvant, but not
      lipopolysaccharide, enhanced the rate of development of thyroiditis in
      thymectomized rats given a shortened series of irradiations. It was not found
      possible to induce thyroiditis in thymectomized rats by substituting
      antilymphocyte serum for irradiation as a T cell-depleting agent, despite the
      fact that the treated rats had markedly reduced responses to phytohaemagglutinin.
      A combination of thymectomy, three doses of 200 rad, and a development period of
      8 weeks were found to be the optimum conditions for induction of severe
      thyroiditis together with high antibody titres to thyroglobulin. These findings
      add support for the role of thymus-derived cells in the regulation of autoimmune
      responses and further suggest that thymectomy, combined with a series of
      sublethal irradiations, causes a selective depletion of those T cells
      specifically involved in the suppression of autoimmune reactivity to thyroid
      components, whilst leaving autoreactive helper T cells unimpaired.

PMID- 1081933
TI  - Cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes from patients with Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Blood lymphocytes from twenty-three untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease and
      twelve healthy controls were studied for their ability to lyse tissue culture
      cells (Chang cells) labelled with [51Cr]chromate. Lysis induced by patients'
      lymphocytes in the presence of PHA or rabbit IgG antibodies to Chang cells (ACS)
      was impaired in some, and higher than normal in others. ACS-induced lysis showed
      some corlation with the content of lymphocytes carrying receptors for human
      complement (CRL) in the effectory population. No correlation with immunoglobulin
      bearing cells was noted. PHA-induced cytoxicity did not  correlate with
      lymphocyte subpopulations. The observations are consistent with the assumption
      that effector cells of antibody-induced lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (K
      cells) may be present among CRL. The K-cell activity and PHA cytotoxicity by
      lymphocytes tended to decrease at high age, but impaired cytotoxity was also
      noted in young patients. A preliminary follow-up of patients 1-2 years after the
      beginning of treatment revealed almost abolished K-cell activity in four patients
      who died 6--13 months after testing. Patients in incomplete remission or with
      relapse after treatment had lower mean K-cell activity than those in complete
      remission. A similar, but less pronounced tendency was found for PHA-induced
      cytotoxicity. A prognostic role of impaired K-cell activity in Hodgkin's disease
      is suggested from these data, but requires confirmation in a larger clinical
      follow-up.

PMID- 1081934
TI  - Serum lymphocytotoxins in inflammatory bowel disease. Studies of frequency and
      specificity for lymphocyte subpopulations.
AB  - Serum cold-reactive lymphocytotoxin (LCT) was detected in twenty-two of fifty-six
      (40%) patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The frequency of LCT
      detection was similar in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Cytotoxicity
      testing against T or B cell-enriched peripheral blood lymphocytes from normal
      donors, together with absorption experiments, indicated that LCT in IBD was
      reactive against determinants on both cell subpopulations. Reactivity against T
      cells from patients with common variable immunodeficiency was significantly less
      than with normal donor T cells. LCT in IBD could not be related to prior
      allogeneic sensitization and its presence appeared to be unrelated to disease
      activity or drug therapy. No correlation was found between LCT and peripheral
      blood T- or B-cell numbers. The present findings suggest the need for further
      investigation of the role of infectious agents in the pathogenesis of IBD.

PMID- 1081935
TI  - Quantitation of immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes and the lymphocyte response to
      PHA in experimental pyelonephritis.
AB  - In these experiments the effect of experimental pyelonephritis on the distri
      ution of B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and lymphoid sites in the rat has
      been determined and the functional capacity of T cells during the course of
      infection has been investigated. The studies have shown that renal infection
      affects the distribution of lymphocytes and has a marked effect on the functional
      capacity of splenic T lymphocytes early in infection. Most of the lymphocytes
      forming the round cell infiltrate in the kidney have been identified as thymus
      derived lymphocytes on their surface labelling characteristics. Evidence is
      presented to demonstrate the inability of T lymphocytes to function normally in
      the environment of the kdiney. It is suggested that ablation of cell-mediated
      immunity may be a factor contributing to the persistence of renal infection.

PMID- 1081936
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in chronic active hepatitis: increase in lymphocytes
      forming stable E-rosettes.

PMID- 1081937
TI  - Differentiation between B cells, T cells, and histiocytes in melanocytic lesions:
      primary and metastatic melanoma and halo and giant pigmented nevi.

PMID- 1081938
TI  - Screening for autoantibodies in human subjects immunized with Pr-beta-HCG-TT.

PMID- 1081939
TI  - [Emergency surgery in district hospital: massive hemorrhage after blunt abdominal
      injury].
AB  - In the management and prognosis of severe accident cases there are a number of
      conditions that occur before hospitalization which cannot be influenced, these
      are: no immediate medical care by a physician, delay in sending the patient to
      hospital, long journey time and alcoholic damage to the liver and CNS. Often,
      therefore, laparotomy for massive haemorrhage after abdominal injuries has to be
      done on a severely shocked patient with a "zero" BP. Diagnostic criteria in the
      evaluation of such cases are: the clinical picture, shock index, paracentesis
      (trial abdominal drainage) with additional laparoscopic examination and IVP. In a
      series of 45 laparotomies there were 25 single organ injuries; 19 multiple organ
      injuries and 1 negative laparotomy due to misinterpretation of the trial
      drainage. 22 splenectomies demonstrate the type of injury occurring in a country
      area. The good results of treatment despite the difficulties mentioned can, to
      some degree, be attributed to the technical improvement in vascular clips for
      large vessels. The Tantalum vascular clip offers the advantage of simple
      application, sure positioning and immediate arrest of haemorrhage thus reducing
      the shock phase; additional effects are the permanent indication of the bleeding
      site, the marking of anastomoses and resections and there being no foreign body
      reaction (pure Tantalum).

PMID- 1081940
TI  - [Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the elderly. Apropos of 165 cases].

PMID- 1081941
TI  - [Effect of synthetic polyampholytes on the interaction of T and B lymphocytes].

PMID- 1081942
TI  - [Emmune response deficiency in (M523 X CBA)F1 mouse lymphocytes cultivated in
      vivo in semisyngeneic recipients].

PMID- 1081943
TI  - [Clinico-pathological conference XXVI: acute quadriplegia, intestinal hemorrhage
      and metabolic acidosis in a man with Eisenmenger's syndrome].

PMID- 1081944
TI  - [Transcutaneous nerve stimulation--new methods in the treatment of pain].

PMID- 1081945
TI  - Three distinct forms of nuclear poly(A) polymerase.
AB  - Poly(A) polymerase activities have been solubilized from rat liver nuclei and
      purified by chromatography on Bio-Gel A-1.5M, DEAE-Sephadex and CM-cellulose.
      Three distinct forms of nuclear poly(A) polymerase have been resolved by
      chromatography on CM-cellulose. According to their sequence of elution from CM
      cellulose these enzyme activities have been termed A, B and C. Enzymes A and B
      are Mn2+ -dependent, enzyme C requires Mg2+. With the same chromatographic step
      on CM-cellulose the Mn+ -dependent poly(A) polymerase activities were separated
      from a Mn2+ -dependent enzyme system capable of synthesizing RNA-primed poly(U),
      poly(G) and poly(C). The effect of different nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA primers
      on the rate of poly(A) formation suggests enzyme A to be responsible for the
      elongation of preexisting poly (A) chains.  The phosphorylated derivated
      derivative of cordycepin, 3'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphosphate (3'-dATP), which
      is known to inhibit nuclear poly(A) synthesis in vivo, also impairs poly(A)
      formation in vitro. It is shown that 3'-dATP very probably is not incorporated
      into poly(A)invitro, suggesting that 3'-dATP primarily affects the catalytic
      activities of the poly(A) polymerase species rather than directly blocking chain
      elongation.

PMID- 1081946
TI  - 5-Aminolevulinic-acid synthetases from Rhodopseudomonas spheroides Y. Comparison
      of the purification and properties of enzymes extracted from bacteria grown in
      different iron concentrations.
AB  - The two 5-aminolevulinic acid synthetases of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides Y. were
      extracted from cells grown in a 'low-iron' medium and purified. They have a
      specific activity 10-fold higher than the 'high-iron' enzymes described by us
      previously and have the same properties except that they do not contain any iron
      and have one free-SH group more per mole of enzyme (2 for E1; , for E2) Their
      inhibition by adenosine triphosphate and iron and their oxidation-reduction
      sensitivity are discussed in terms of light, oxygen and heme feed-back regulation
      of bacteriochlorophyll sunthesis.

PMID- 1081947
TI  - The high calcium content of retinal pigmented epithelium.

PMID- 1081948
TI  - Age-related changes in the PHA: con A stimulatory ratios of cells from spleens of
      a long-lived mouse strain.

PMID- 1081949
TI  - Perception of linear horizontal self-motion induced by peripheral vision
      (linearvection) basic characteristics and visual-vestibular interactions.
AB  - The basic characteristics of the sensation of linear horizontal motion have been
      studied. Objective linear motion was induced by means of a moving cart. Visually
      induced linear motion perception (linearvection) was obtained by projection of
      moving images at the periphery of the visual field. Image velocity and luminance
      thresholds for the appearance of linearvection have been measured and are in the
      range of those for image motion detection (without sensation of self motion) by
      the visual system. Latencies of onset are around 1 sec and short term adaptation
      has been shown. The dynamic range of the visual analyser as judged by frequency
      analysis is lower than for the vestibular analyser. Conflicting situations in
      which visual cues contradict vestibular and other proprioceptive cues show, in
      the case of linearvection a dominance of vision which supports the idea of an
      essential although not independent role of vision in self motion perception.

PMID- 1081950
TI  - Ablastin: control of Trypanosoma musculi infections in mice.

PMID- 1081951
TI  - Inhibition of respiration and of respiratory development by different doses of
      chloramphenicol in frog embryos (Rana pipiens).
AB  - High doses of chloramphenicol (4.5 and 9 mM) directly inhibited respiration in
      conjunction with an unusual cleavage anomaly (blastomere refusion) in embryos of
      the frog, Rana pipiens. Lower doses (2.1-3 mM) did not affect respiration or
      cleavage and, when added later, did not directly affect respiration or
      development at any tested stage. Continuous incubation in the latter doses,
      however, did eventually, by day 6 or 7, produce a parallel retardation of
      embryonic development and of respiratory development relative to controls,
      suggestive of impaired mitochondrial biogenesis. A lower continuous dose (0.9 mM)
      affected neither respiration nor development at any stage.

PMID- 1081952
TI  - Optical guiding by photoreceptor cells.
AB  - The potential for any morphological part of a photoreceptor cell to function as
      an optical waveguide is determined 1) by the dimensionless parameter V as shown
      by Snyder (IEEE Trans., Microwave Theory Tech. 17: 1133, 1969) and by Snyder,
      Pask and Mitchell (J. Opt. Soc. Am. 63: 59, 1973), and 2) by the nature of the
      optical excitation for that part of the cell. The effects of these two factors
      are considered for the myoids and outer segments of vertebrate photoreceptor
      cells and for the crystalline tracts and rhabdomers of invertebrate photoreceptor
      cells. Examples of both guiding and nonguiding myoids, outer segments, rhabdomers
      and tracts are cited and some consequences for vision are analyzed.

PMID- 1081953
TI  - [The reflexogenis zones of the anticoagulant system in frogs].

PMID- 1081954
TI  - [Oculomotor reactions during simultaneous stimulation of vestibular and visual
      receptors].

PMID- 1081955
TI  - The polycystic organ in senescent athymic nude mice and in euthymic mice.
AB  - The polycystic organ thought to be the thymic rudiment in "athymic" nude mice
      increased with age and continues its secretory activity even in senescent nude
      mice. Only the epithelial lining of the cysts undergoes pressure atrophy.
      Analogous polycystic structures can be found also in euthymic mice with or
      without the nu gene. A lymphoepithelial rudiment is found in the thymic area of
      nude mice; it may represent the true endodermal thymic rudiment and generate the
      T cells. In addition, a peculiar, sometimes enlarged and thymus-like node is
      present laterocaudally from the polycystic organ.

PMID- 1081956
TI  - A new H-2 haplotype carrying possibly a mutation of H-2b.

PMID- 1081957
TI  - [Behavior of antinuclear factors in the scleroderma].

PMID- 1081958
TI  - [Clinical classification of the lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1081959
TI  - [Behavior of lymphocytotoxic antibodies during the chloroquine treatment of
      discoid lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1081960
TI  - Site of sperm entry and a cortical contraction associated with egg activation in
      the frog Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1081961
TI  - Immunopathology of hepatitis B antigen positive and negative active chronic
      hepatitis.
AB  - Evidence is presented to suggest that an auto-immune response to a liver-specific
      lipoprotein antigen on the surface of hepatocytes is responsible for the
      progressive liver damage in active chronic hepatitis, and that in many cases
      infection with the hepatitis B virus is important in the initiation of the
      disease process. B cells appear to play a major role in the auto-immune response
      and may be activated by T cells reacting with viral antigens on the surface of
      infected hepatocytes. A postulated defect in humoral antibody production in HBAg
      positive cases allows continued reinfection of the liver by the hepatitis B
      virus, persistence of a virus-directed T cell response and constant activation of
      B cells reacting with the liver-specific lipoprotein. In the HBAg -negative group
      the disease is also, in many cases initiated by an acute hepatitis, but here the
      auto-immune response continues after elimination of the virus because of a defect
      in the suppressor function of T cells which fail to turn off the autoreactive B
      cells. The histocompatibility antigen, HL-A8, may be a marker for such a defect
      in suppressor T cells - its increased frequency in active chronic hepatitis is
      restricted to the HBAg-negative cases. Finally, the hypothesis suggests how
      specific immunotherapy, either antibody to HBAg or Transfer Factor, could be
      given to correct the basic defects which lead to persistence of the auto-immune
      process.

PMID- 1081962
TI  - Histiocytosis X with benign intracranial hypertension.

PMID- 1081963
TI  - Platelet hyperaggregation and increased plasma level of Von Willebrand factor in
      diabetics with retinopathy.
AB  - In 18 insulin-dependent diabetics (6 without retinopathy, 6 with proliferative
      retinopathy and 6 with proliferative retinopathy treated by hypophysectomy)
      matched for age and duration of diabetics, in vitro haemostasis was studied using
      ADP induced platelet aggregation, ristocetin induced platelet aggregation which
      allows von Willebrand factor (VIII VWF) assay, and determination of
      antihemophilic factor procoagulant activity (VII AHF). Using gel filtration
      isolated platelets, the ADP induced hyperaggregation previously reported in
      diabetics with severe retinopathy untreated by hypophysectomy appeared to be
      related to a platelet and not a plasma factor; the normal results of thrombin
      induced aggregation suggests that the presumed abnormal platelet factor is
      related to the platelet plasma membrane. High level of plasma VII VWF was
      observed in diabetics with proliferative retinopathy while the VII AHF level was
      within normal limits.

PMID- 1081964
TI  - [Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome. Description of a case].
AB  - The Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome with the classical symptomatology (eczema,
      thrombocytopenia and susceptibility to infections) has been described in a 3
      month-old child. The family history, together with the evidence of an
      immunological deficiency involving both thymus-dependent lymphocyte and
      immunoglobulin-antibody systems have given important clues to diagnosis.
      Impairment of immunoglobulin homoeostasis and its relevance to the assessment of
      heterozygotes is discussed.

PMID- 1081965
TI  - The influence of acclimation temperature on the metabolic response of frog tissue
      to thyroxine administered in vivo.

PMID- 1081966
TI  - The ultrastructure of hepatocytes in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency with the
      genotype Pi--.
AB  - The ultrastructural appearance of the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes
      was found to be normal in a 5-year-old girl with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
      with the genotype Pi--. The liver ultrastructure of this variant is therefore
      different from that of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency with the genotype PiZZ in
      which aggregates of an abnormal, unsecreted alpha-1-antitrypsin accumulate in the
      endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes. The normal appearance of the
      endoplasmic reticulum in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency with the genotype Pi-- is
      compatible with the hypothesis, in this variant, synthesis of alpha-1-antitrypsin
      is completely, or nearly completely, absent; an alternative hypothesis would be
      that an abnormal alpha-1-antitrypsin is produced by the liver and secreted into
      the plasma, but disappears rapidly from the plasma.

PMID- 1081967
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of aspirin and taurocholic acid-induced gastric mucosal
      bleeding by prostaglandin 15(R)15 methyl-E2 methyl ester.

PMID- 1081968
TI  - [Functional evaluation of aortocoronary byapss].

PMID- 1081969
TI  - [Retrospective studies on stress ulcer].
AB  - The files of 100 stress-ulcer-patients (1960-1973) were carefully analyzed. These
      patients had usually complicated diseases before they developed stress ulcers.
      Melena was in 84 patients the initial symptom. 56 patients were treated by
      medical regimen, 34 patients underwent surgery. A partial gastrectomy was the
      procedure of choice except for poor-risk patients, who underwent vagotomy.

PMID- 1081970
TI  - [Dorsilon and its clinical use in rheumatological practice].

PMID- 1081971
TI  - [Measurement and clinical significance of DNA-antibodies in patients with
      systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1081972
TI  - Antileptospiral activity in lower-vertebrate sera.
AB  - Normal serum from the painted turtle (Chrysemys picta), the snapping turtle
      (Chelydra serpentina), and the frog (Rana pipiens) were found to possess
      bactericidal activity towards Leptospira. Leptospires from both the parasitic and
      biflexa complexes were killed by these sera at high dilutions. This pattern
      differs from that of mammalian serum, as generally only the biflexa complex
      leptospires are killed by normal mammalian serum. The activity in C. picta serum
      was characterized as being complement dependent and not mediated by basic
      proteins. Because comple-inactivated C. picta serum regained leptospiricidal
      activity after the addition of fresh rabbit serum, antibody is also likely to
      participate in the killing activity. Further support that C. picta serum
      contained leptospiral antibodies was found by the detection of serotype-specific
      agglutinins.

PMID- 1081973
TI  - In vitro bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of 7 cephalosporin
      antibiotics on Haemophilus influenzae.
AB  - A total of 30 recently isolated strains of Haemophilus influenzae were tested for
      in vitro susceptibility to seven cephalosporins. In order of bacteriostatic
      effectiveness, the in vitro activity of the antibiotics studied was: cephapirin
      (median MIC = 0.78 mcg/ml), cephalothin (median MIC = 1.56 mcg/ml), cefazolin
      (median MIC: 1.56 mcg/ml), cephaloridine (median MIC = 3.12 mcg/ml), cefoxitin
      (median MIC = 3.12 mcg/ml), cephradine (median MIC = 12.5 mcg/ml) and cephalexin
      (median MIC = 25 mcg/ml). The bactericidal effectiveness of the seven compounds
      was studied against one of these strains. No drug was able to kill the selected
      strain in less than 6 hrs, even at 100 mcg per ml. Cefoxitin exhibited the best
      bactericidal effects, closely followed by cefazolin and cephapirin.

PMID- 1081974
TI  - On the radiation-induced aggregates of lactate dehydrogenase.
AB  - Radiolysis of lactate dehydrogenase under N2 leads to the formation of aggregates
      which are enzymatically inactive. These aggregates were isolated by gel
      filtration. Incubation with sodium dodecylsulphate followed by gel filtration
      made it obvious that these aggreates consist of protein fragments held togehter
      by hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Disulphide bridges were found to
      be unimportant for stabilizing the aggregates. All isolated protein fragments
      were smaller than the sub-units of lactate hydrogenase, indicating peptide-chain
      breaking as a major reaction in the radiolysis of proteins and in the
      inactivation process of enzymes.

PMID- 1081975
TI  - Evidence for reproductive death of dividing cells in thymus and spleen following
      whole-body gamma-irradiation of mice.
AB  - Mice were given whole-body gamma-irradiation with 300 and 800 rad 1 hour or 1 day
      after the administration of 3H-thymidine. The time-course of the specific
      activity of DNA in thymus and spleen and the release of radioactivity into the
      fraction of DNA soluble in 0-14 N NaCl were determined for 28 hours after
      exposure. The results indicate that on average the loss of mitotically-active
      cells was delayed compared with the loss of a representative fraction of non
      dividing cells. This suggested that different mechanisms might be implicated in
      the dying process of the dividing and non-dividing lymphoid cells. Using a dose
      fractionation method, the total activity of DNA was determined in thymus and
      spleen at 24 hours after the first exposure and 25 hours after the in vivo
      labelling of DNA. A parallelism has been found between the results of this
      experiment and the recovery effect of the Elkind-Sutton type. It may be concluded
      that the dying process responsible for the loss of the dividing cells from thymus
      and spleen after irradiation probably involves reproductive death.

PMID- 1081976
TI  - The oxygen-enhancement ratio for reproductive death induced by 3H or 125I damage
      in mammalian cells.
AB  - The oxygen-enhancement ratio (o.e.r.) for 3H- and 125I-induced cell death at 4
      degrees C was determined in cultured Chinese hamster cells. The o.e.r. for cell
      death induced by 3H-thymidine was 3-2, essentially the same value as that
      previously reported for X-ray induced cell death. For cell death induced by 125I
      iododeoxyuridine (125IdUrd), the o.e.r. was less than 1-4. The lower o.e.r. for
      125I-induced death was not due to the presence of the base analogue itself, since
      cells that had incorporated unlabelled IdUrd and were X-irradiated had an o.e.r.
      of 2-8 and cells that were inactivated by 3H-IdUrd damage at 4 degrees C had an
      o.e.r. even greater than 3. These results suggest that 125I-decay damage, like
      high-linear-energy-transfer radiation damage, is only slightly increased by the
      presence of oxygen.

PMID- 1081977
TI  - DIP and DIP+2 as glutathione oxidants and radiation sensitizers in cultured
      Chinese hamster cells.
AB  - Two diamide analogues, diazene dicarboxylic acid bis (n'-methylpiperazide) or
      DIP, and its bis-N'-methyl iodide salt, or DIP + 2, were tested for their ability
      to penetrate cultured Chinese hamster cells and oxidize intracellular
      glutathione. DIP penetrated the cells at a reasonable rate at 18 degrees C, 160
      nmoles being required to oxidize the endogenous glutathione of 2 X 10(6) cells,
      but it penetrated very slowly at 0 degrees C. DIP +2 did not effectively oxidize
      glutathione in Chinese hamster cells, possibly because it did not enter the
      cells. DIP became toxic after about 10 min of exposure, but its toxicity could be
      moderated by using anoxic conditions. DIP, but not DIP +2, sensitized anoxic
      Chinese hamster cells to X-radiation by a factor of 1-5, an effect that was due
      entirely to removal of the shoulder from the survival curve.

PMID- 1081978
TI  - Incorporation of tritiated thymidine of high specific activity into DNA of the
      mouse oocyte.
AB  - Radicals produced by X-irradiation at 77 K and at 300 K of cytosine. HCl crystals
      have been analysed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Four radicals have
      been identified: the anion radical of the cytosine molecule, the radical
      resulting from H-addition at position C6, the radical resulting from H-addition
      at position O2, and finally a radical resulting from addition of a Cl- to
      nitrogen N3. Huckel molecular orbital calculations are presented, which support
      the hypothesis according to which in unsaturated pyrimidines the site of
      hydrogenation or protonation depends on the state of the molecule.

PMID- 1081979
TI  - Sensitization of thymine and uracil to ionizing radiation by p-nitroacetophenone.
AB  - p-Nitroacetophenone (PNAP) alters the radiation chemistry of thymine and uracil
      in de-aerated aqueous solution. In the case of thymine, it increases the yield of
      radiolysis products by a factor of almost two, and cis glycol of thymine is the
      major product. With uracil, the yield of the dimeric product, which is the major
      radiolysis product in de-aerated aqueous solution, is considerably reduced and
      the yield of cis glycol is increased. When the irradiation is carried out in N2O
      saturated solution, PNAP enhances the yeild of glycol by a factor of two. The
      effects of cupric sulphate on the radiation chemistry of uracil are analogous to
      those of PNAP. A mechanism, involving a reaction between PNAP and the hydroxyl
      radical adduct of the pyrimidine proceeding through a one-step process, is
      postulated for the enhanced formation of glycol.

PMID- 1081980
TI  - Letter: Some implications from the inactivation of esterase activity in
      carboxypeptidase A by Br2- and other radicals.

PMID- 1081981
TI  - Letter: Dependence of chemical radioprotection on the stability of radiation
      induced oxygen-sensitive sites.

PMID- 1081982
TI  - The role of T-lymphocytes in the reactivation of presumed ocular histoplasmosis
      scars.
AB  - The surprising finding of viable lymphocytes in clinically inactive scars gives
      more credence to the immunological theory regarding reactivation of
      histoplasmosis scars. We feel that the T-lymphocyte theory can explain the
      mechanism by which an inactive scar becomes active upon reintroduction of the
      antigen. The clinical course of the disease as well as the response to
      corticosteroid therapy and photocoagulation are also consistent with this
      hypothesis.

PMID- 1081983
TI  - Hereditary corneal dystrophy in the Manx cat: a preliminary report.
AB  - A progressive, apparently inherited corneal dystrophy is described in an inbred
      line of Manx cats. Initial changes in the cornea are seen at four months of age
      and characterized by anterior stromal edema. Progressive worsening of the
      condition produces severe bullous keratopathy with eventual breakdown of both
      epithelium and stroma. Light microscopic and ultrastructural studies in the
      advanced disease state revealed marked edema of the corneal stroma,
      disintegration of collagen material, and the formation of epithelial bullae.
      Ultrastructural evidence shows a normal endothelium to be present. The
      pathogenesis of this corneal dystrophy is not clear and further studies are
      underway.

PMID- 1081984
TI  - Ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia and empyema in an infant.
AB  - Ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type b was isolated from the pleural
      fluid of a 15-month-old infant with pneumonia and empyema. The patient was cured
      when chloramphenicol treatment was substituted for ampicillin.

PMID- 1081985
TI  - [Indication and timing of conservative surgery of peripheral neurogenic vocal
      cord pareses (author's transl)].
AB  - 1. In every case of a vocal cord paresis, its cause should be carefully sought.
      2. "Pseudopareses" of the vocal cord can be excluded by electromygraphy. 3. In
      all cases of neurogneic vocal cord praeses and regardless of aetiology, immediate
      phoniatric training is indicated for acceleration of nerve regeneration as well
      as electrostimulation for the prevention of muscular atrophy and ankylosis of the
      cricoarytenoid joint. 4. If such therapy is neglected, the functional results of
      spontaneous regeneration, neurolysis and nerve plasty are doubtful. 5. If in
      cases of mechanical lesions of the recurrent nerve one decides to operate,
      electromyography of the larynx and a mobility test of the cricoarytenoid joints
      to be done first. 6. Compression or overstretching of the nerve should be
      followed by neurolysis after 5 months, unless the nerve has regenerated
      spontaneously. 7. When the recurrent nerve has had to be served it should be
      repaired by anastomosis as soon as possible. 8. Judging by our experience in
      regeneration of the laryngeal nerves, we feel that operations for opening or
      closure of the glottis are indicated only after 2 years.

PMID- 1081986
TI  - Physical size of the donor locus and transmission of Haemophilus influenzae
      ampicillin resistance genes by deoxyribonucleic acid-mediated transformation.
AB  - The properties of donor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from three clinical isolates
      and its ability to mediate the transformation of competent Rd strains to
      ampicillin resistance were examined. A quantitative technique for determining the
      resistance of individual Haemophilus influenzae cells to ampicillin was
      developed. When this technique was used, sensitive cells failed to tolerate
      levels of ampicillin greater than 0.1 to 0.2 mug/ml, whereas three resistant type
      b beta-lactamase-producing strains could form from the colonies in 1- to 3-mug/ml
      levels of the antibiotic. DNA extracted from the resistant strains elicited
      transformation of the auxotrophic genes in a multiply auxotrophic Rd strain. For
      two of the donors, transformation to ampicillin resistance occurred after the
      uptake of a single DNA molecule approximately 104-fold less frequently than
      transformation of auxotrophic loci and was not observed to occur at all with the
      third. The frequency of transformation to ampicillin resistance was two- to
      fivefold higher in strain BC200 (Okinaka and Barnhart, 1974), which was cured of
      a defective prophage. All three clinical ampicillin-resistant strains were poor
      recipients, but the presence of the ampicillin resistant genes in strain BC200
      did not reduce its competence. Sucrose gradients of DNA from ampicillin-resistant
      transformants of BC200 and from the original ampicillin-resistant strains showed
      that: (i) all the DNA preparations had high molecular weights; (ii) donor
      activity for ampicillin resistance sedimented heterogeneously and in parallel
      with genome DNA up to the highest molecular weights observed (100 x 106 to 200 x
      106); and (iii) genetic transformation of ampicillin resistance from strain BC200
      amp90383 required the physical integrity of a linearly integrated segment of DNA
      having a molecular weight of about 25 x 106 to 30 x 106.

PMID- 1081987
TI  - Single-stranded regions in transforming deoxyribonucleic acid after uptake by
      competent Haemophilus influenzae.
AB  - About 15% of donor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is single stranded immediately
      after uptake into competent Haemophilus influenzae wild-type cells, as judged by
      its sensitivity to S1 endonuclease. This amount decreases to 4 to 5% by 30 min
      after uptake. Mutants which are defective in the covalent association of
      recipient and donor DNA form little or no S1 endonuclease-sensitive donor. At 17
      C donor DNA taken up by the wild type contains single-stranded regions although
      there is no observable association, either covalent or noncovalent. The single
      stranded regions are at the ends of donor DNA molecules, as judged by the
      unchanged sedimentation velocity after S1 endonuclease digestion. The amount of
      single-stranded donor remains constant at 17 C for more than 60 min after uptake,
      suggesting that the decrease observed at 37 C is the result of association of
      single-stranded ends with single-stranded regions of recipient cell DNA. Three
      sequential steps necessary for the integration of donor DNA into recipient DNA
      are proposed: the synthesis of single-stranded regions in recipient DNA, the
      interaction of donor DNA with recipient DNA resulting in the production of single
      stranded ends on donor DNA, and the stable pairing of homologous single-stranded
      regions.

PMID- 1081988
TI  - Distribution of coronary artery disease in patients with isolate aortic valve
      disease.
AB  - Forty-four adult patients with isolated aortic valve disease underwent coronary
      arteriography. Seventy precent of patients required aortic valve replacement
      (AVR). Of 28 men who underwent AVR, 59 percent of those with severe aortic
      stenosis, 33 percent of those with severe aortic regurgitation and 50 percent of
      those with mixed aortic stenosis/aortic regurgitation had associated coronary
      artery disease. Thirty-six percent of men with aortic valve disease not requiring
      AVR had significant coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD was not found in the 5
      female patients studied. In the patients with CAD, the left anterior descending
      artery was involved 84 percent of the time. Next in frequency were the right
      coronary artery, the proximal left circumflex artery, and the obtuse marginal
      artery. Multivessel disease was the rule. All but one patient with significant
      CAD had angina pectoris, but many patients with angina had normal coronary
      arteries. The frequent occurence of significant CAD in adult male patients with
      isolated aortic valve disease argues for the performance of selective coronary
      arteriography in all such patients in whom AVR is a consideration.

PMID- 1081989
TI  - Proceedings: Late mortality following coronary artery surgery: results in 4,222
      patients.

PMID- 1081990
TI  - Lipid A, the active part of bacterial endotoxins in inducing serum colony
      stimulating activity and proliferation of splenic granulocyte/macrophage
      progenitor cells.
AB  - An analysis of which component of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), the lipid or the
      polysaccharide (PS), is active in stimulating the murine granulopoietic system
      has been performed. LPS with different structures, isolated from different mutant
      strains of Salmonella and chemical degradation products of lipopolysaccharides
      have been used. Lipid A obtained by acid hydrolysys of the LPS and complexed to
      bovine serum albumin (BSA) (lipid A-BSA) was shown to be active in generating
      serum colony stimulating factor (CSF) and in increasing the splenic colony
      forming cells (CFC) levels, although it was less active than the parent LPS. The
      polysaccharide (PS) showed no significant activity at the concentrations used.
      LPS (glycolipids) from R mutants of Salmonella minnesota were active to the same
      extent as the LPS. The fact that even the most defective LPS from the R mutant
      R595 which contains lipid A and KDO only is a potent endotoxin, points
      unequivocally, to lipid A, as the active principle in stimulating the
      granulopoietic system.

PMID- 1081991
TI  - Platelet membrane glycoproteins implicated in ristocetin-induced aggregation.
      Studies of the proteins on platelets from patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome
      and von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - The antibiotic ristocetin only aggregates platelets in the presence of plasma von
      Willebrand factor. Platelets from patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome do not
      aggregate upon addition of ristocetin although, in contrast to von Willebrand's
      disease, plasma levels of factor VIII complex (factor VIII clotting activity, von
      Willebrand factor activity, and von Willebrand antigen) are normal. The membrane
      surface of normal platelets was modified and compared to the surface of platelets
      from a patient with Bernard-Soulier syndrome in an attempt to identify the
      receptor involved in von Willebrand factor-ristocetin-induced aggregation. After
      the incubation of washed normal platelets with a preparation of ristocetin
      previously shown to contain a proteolytic contaminant, the aggregation response
      is significantly decreased on addition or normal plasma. Analaysis by gel
      electrophoresis of such platelets when stained for carbohydrate revealed a
      decrease in the relative amounts of membrane glycopro-eins. Chymotrypsin-treated
      normal platelets had less membrane glycoproteins in addition to giving a reduced
      aggregation response in ristocetin-induced aggregation. Staining of gels for
      protein and carbohydrate indicated that there was an extensive change in the
      surface of Bernard-Soulier platelets, whereas those from patients with von
      Willebrand's disease appeared the same as normal. Platelets from patients were
      labeled by the lactoperoxidase iodination technique. Not only was the relative
      intensity of staining of platelet-specific proteins and glycoproteins changed in
      Bernard-Soulier platelets, but the iodination of the glycoproteins on the
      membrane surface relative to other membrane constituents was lower. In contrast,
      platelets from patients with von Willebrand's disease showed a normal exposure of
      membrane components. These data suggest therefore that membrane glycoproteins may
      play a functional role in ristocetin-induced aggregation.

PMID- 1081992
TI  - Immunoglobulin-bearing and complement-receptor lymphocytes constitute the same
      population in human peripheral blood.
AB  - Complement-receptor lymphocytes have generally been considered to be a
      subpopulation of bone-marrow derived (B) lymphocytes. However, the present
      studies show that essentially all cells with integral surface immunoglobulin from
      normal human peripheral blood bear receptors for the third component of
      complement. Moreover, after removal of phagocytes, all cells with complement
      receptors bear surface Ig. Thus, circulating B cells and complement-receptor
      lymphocytes are the same population.

PMID- 1081993
TI  - Dietary counseling for patients admitted for coronary artery bypass graft.

PMID- 1081994
TI  - Magnitude of the stroke problem: rehabilitation accountability.

PMID- 1081995
TI  - Present status of the antituberculous immunity.

PMID- 1081996
TI  - Absolute macrophage dependency of T lymphocyte activation by mitogens.
AB  - A T lymphocyte subpopulation that contains only 0.3% macrophages and less than 2%
      B lymphocytes has been prepared from guinea pig lymph node cells by the use of
      two different types of adherence columns. This subpopulation does not porliferate
      in response to the mitogens Con A or PHA unless additional macrophages are added.
      The means by which macrophages restore T cell responsiveness to PHA has been
      investigated. Marcophages appear to function via two different distinct
      mechanisms in this experimental situation. The first mechanism involves the
      binding of PHA to the macrophage followed by the "presentation" of the mitogen to
      the T lymphocyte in a manner that induces cell activation. This presentation
      function requires that the macrophage be viable and metabolically active. The
      second mechanism by which macrophages function is by the elaboration of a soluble
      factor or factors. The presence of these factors has been reliably and
      reproducibly demonstrated by using a double-chambered, Marbrook-type tissue
      culture vessel. This soluble factor can induce activation of T lympohcytes with
      surface bound PHA in the apparent absence of any form of macrophage presentation.
      In contrast, the function of this factor is clearly distinct from that of the
      reducing agent, 2-mercaptoethanol, (2-ME) since 2-ME does not enable this T cell
      subpopulation to be activated by mitogens. On the basis of these observations, we
      propose that two distinct signals are required to activate this T lymphocyte
      subpopulation. One signal is delivered by the interaction of the mitogen with the
      T cell surface, and the second signal is delivered by a soluble factor(s)
      produced by macrophages. Whether all types of T lymphocytes require two signals
      to be activated, remains to be established.

PMID- 1081997
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis. VI. A reappraisal of
      the requirement for protein synthesis during T cell-mediated lysis.
AB  - The role of protein synthesis in the mechanism of T cell-mediated cytolysis has
      been re-investigated. Cytolytically active (C57BL/L anti-DBA/2) spleen cells
      treated with pactamycin (10-7 M to 10-6 M) exhibited suppressed protein synthesis
      (100 +/- 5%), but unimpeded lytic activity. Drug-treated effector cells,
      incubated for prolonged (up to 24 hr) periods of time in the presence and absence
      of antigen, showed no siginificant diminution of lytic activity although the
      incorporation of 3H-leucine into protein was totally ablated. Studies with
      emetine, another irreversible inhibitor of protein synthesis, gave identical
      results. These findings are difficult to reconcile with the hypothesis that
      effector T cells lysis via a soluble protein mediator.

PMID- 1081998
TI  - Thymosin restores T cell function and reduces the incidence of amyloid disease in
      casein-treated mice.
AB  - Evidence is presented that T cell impairment appears to be specifically related
      to the pathogenesis of experimental amyloidosis. This conclusion is based on the
      finding that thymosin administration improves T cell function as measured by
      mitogen stimulation of spleen cell suspension and at the same time reduces the
      incidence and severity of amyloid disease in casein-treated mice.

PMID- 1081999
TI  - Experimental autoimmune orchitis: in vitro induction of an autoimmune disease.
AB  - Experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) can be induced in vitro. Normal lymph node
      lymphocytes cultured with autologous dissociated testis cells form rosette-like
      aggregates and later undergo blast transformation and proliferation. These
      stimulated lymphocytes cause in vivo EAO lesions, when injectd into syngeneic
      recipients. Moreover, their autoimmune reactivity can be monitored by an in vitro
      cytostasis assay. Density gradient analysis of the early lymphocyte-testis
      cultures reveals that the autoimmune reactive lymphocytes are enriched in the
      rosette populations. It therefore appears that testicular self-antigens are
      recognized by clonally preformed autologous lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082000
TI  - Cellular receptors for lymphotoxin: correlation of binding and cytotoxicity in
      sensitive and resistant target cells.
AB  - The binding of radioactively labeled lymphotoxin (LT) to both lymphotoxin
      sensitive and -resistant cell clones was examined. The sensitive clone had a low-
      capacity, high-affinity ("specific") binding component, the curve of which
      closely followed the cytotoxicity curve of the lymphocyte mediator. The capacity
      of this binding component was calculated to be about 600 molecules of LT/cell. In
      addition, there was a low-affinity, high-capacity ("nonspecific") binding
      component. In striking contrast, the high-affinity, low-capacity ("specific")
      component was absent or greatly diminished from the resistant clone, whereas the
      low-affinity, high-capacity ("nonspecific") component was present at a similar
      level as in the sensitive cells. These binding characteristics closely resemble
      those observed by us and other investigators working with a variety of steroid
      hormones in steroid-sensitive and- resistant cell lines.

PMID- 1082001
TI  - A microculture method for the generation of primary immune responses in vitro.
AB  - A microculture method for the generation and study of the primary immune response
      of murine spleen cells to defined antigens in vitro is described. Many of the
      variable parameters which occur in culture systems have been studied in an
      attempt to define the optimal culture conditions for this system. Cultures of
      10(6) CBA spleen cells consistently produced an immune response of 300-600 hapten
      specific plaque-forming cells after 3 days of incubation with the T cell
      independent antigens DNP-POL and NIP-POL. Cultures were set up in Microtest II
      tissue culture plates in a volume of 0.2 ml of medium containing 10(-4) M 2
      mercaptoethanol. The system described has the advantages of being highly
      efficient and reproducible and utilises small amounts of cells, medium and
      antigen. It provides a simple, economic and reliable approach for the systematic
      study of the immune response in vitro.

PMID- 1082002
TI  - Influenza virus infection in nude mice.
AB  - The role of T-cell function in influenza virus infection was studied by aerosol
      infection of nude mice with an influenza A virus (PR-8 strain). Nude mice died
      somewhat later than normal mice, and the antibody response of nude mice to the
      virus was minimal. Furthermore, nude mice did not eliminate the virus, which
      persisted for relatively long periods (two to three weeks).

PMID- 1082003
TI  - Electrophoretic heterogeneity of normal factor VIII/Von Willebrand protein, and
      abnormal electrophoretic mobility in patients with Von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - Crossed antigen-antibody electrophoresis was used to determine the
      electrophoretic properties of factor VIII/Von Willebrand (F. VIII/VW) protein in
      normal plasma using a specific rabbit antiserum against purified human factor
      VIII. The electrohoretic patterns in seven patients with severe Von Willebrand's
      disease in two different families were studied. In these patients the prolonged
      bleeding time was related to a functionally abnormal F. VIII/VW protein which was
      unable to induce platelet aggregation in presence of ristocetin. F. VIII/VW
      protein had an increased electrophoretic mobility in all the patients. The
      electrophoretic pattern was similar in different members of the same family but
      differed from one family to the other. Plasma samples collected after transfusion
      of normal cryoprecipitate to one member of the first family showed an increasing
      amount of F. VIII/VW protein, but even one hour after transfusion only one peak
      migration in an abnormal position was found. However, when mixed in vitro with
      normal plasma, the plasmas of the same patient showed two peaks, one in position
      of normal F. VIII/VW protein and one with increased electrophoretic mobility.
      These results suggest that normal F. VIII/VW protein transfused to recipients
      with Von Willebrand's disease synthesizing a functionally deficient factor
      undergoes a rapid alteration.

PMID- 1082004
TI  - Early gastrointestinal endoscopy in the diagnosis of acute upper gastrointestinal
      bleeding.

PMID- 1082005
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of prolactin on sodium transport across frog skin in vitro.

PMID- 1082006
TI  - Stimulus-secretion coupling in an insect salivary gland: cell activation by
      elevated potassium concentrations.
AB  - 1. Fluid secretion by isolated salivary glands was stimulated by elevating the
      external potassium concentration. 2. The stimulatory effect of potassium was
      dependent on external calcium and was potentiated by a subthreshold dose of 5
      hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). 3. During the action of 120 mM potassium there was a
      large calciumdependent decrease in transepithelial resistance similar to that
      produced with 5-HT at normal potassium concentrations. 4. These results on
      Calliphora salivary glands are compared with other cases where cells are
      activated by high potassium. In most cases, the effect of high potassium is
      dependent upon calcium, suggesting that the latter plays a primary role in cell
      activation.

PMID- 1082007
TI  - Combining medical information with a business data system.
AB  - The School of Primary Medical Care at the University of Alabama in Huntsville is
      presently developing and implementing a computerized clinical data system that
      incorporates data from the Family Practice Center and the community hospital. The
      system can be used for the problem-oriented medical record, business and billing,
      the teaching program, community medicine research, and the evaluation of medical
      students and family practice residents. This paper discusses plans for the total
      system and the present degree of implementation.

PMID- 1082008
TI  - A new look at gene determinants and their controls.

PMID- 1082009
TI  - The nutritional requirements of methicillin-dependent and -resistant strains of
      Pediococcus cerevisiae.
AB  - A new methicillin-dependent and -resistant substrain (called MRD) of Pediococcus
      cerevisiae was developed by serial passages followed by replica-plating. Other
      methicillin-resistant, but not -dependent, substrains were isolated after
      treatment of the same parent strain with a mutagen. A methicillin-independent
      partial revertant, still resistant to the drug, was isolated from the original
      methicillin-dependent and -resistant substrain (CRD) developed several years ago.
      The requirements of some of these strains for acetate, vitamins and amino acids
      were compared. All except the parent methicillin-sensitive strain required
      pantothenate for growth, but no other consistent differences were found. The
      parent, but not strain CRD, grew without lysine added to the medium, though 19
      other amino acids were needed by each strain. Both of these strains fermented
      glucose to lactate (mainly the L-isomer) in the absence or presence of
      methicillin.

PMID- 1082010
TI  - Effects of ingestion of a carbohydrate-fat meal on the levels and synthesis of 5
      hydroxyindoles in various regions of the rat central nervous system.

PMID- 1082011
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of abscess of the central ganglia.
AB  - The authors present four cases of abscess of the thalamus and basal ganglia and
      review an additional 10 cases from the literature. These abscesses appear to be
      metastatic and are usually associated with a cardiac septal defect or a preceding
      intrathoracic infection. Fever, elevated white blood count, and/or meningismus,
      in combination with angiography demonstrating an avascular mass, help distinguish
      abscess from tumor in this location. The authors advocate aspiration rather than
      excision.

PMID- 1082012
TI  - Fluoroscopy of foramen ovale as an aid to thermocoagulation of the Gasserian
      ganglion; technical note.
AB  - The authors described a fluoroscopic method of guiding percutaneous needle
      penetration of the foramen ovale. The advantages are simplicity, speed, accuracy,
      and comfortable patient positioning. Radiation exposure is minimized.

PMID- 1082013
TI  - Method of needle immobilization for ventriculography; technical note.

PMID- 1082014
TI  - Effects of luminance and stimulus distance on accommodation and visual
      resolution.
AB  - Measurements of accommodation and visual resolution were obtained at a number of
      luminance levels and stimulus distances. With reductions in luminance the eye
      approached a "fixed-focus" condition of accommodation for intermediate distances,
      resulting in successively larger errors in accommodation for both near and far
      stimuli. The visual resolution values were initially affected by both the
      luminance and distance of the stimulus. Subsequent measurements of resolution,
      following the correction of accommodative errors, were found to be independent of
      the stimulus distance. The findings are discussed with regard to the problems of
      "night myopia" and variations in visual resolution with stimulus distance.

PMID- 1082015
TI  - Blood loss and hypotensive anesthesia in oral-facial corrective surgery.
AB  - To evaluate accurately changes in blood volume during oral-facial corrective
      surgery, double-tagged radioisotope blood volume studies were performed
      preoperatively and postoperatively. Unexpectedly large RCV deficits that were not
      consistent with EBL were observed in studies conducted at two separate
      facilities. Hypotensive general anesthesia was used for the intended purpose of
      reducing blood loss in oral-facial corrective surgery. Various physiological
      parameters were measured preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively to
      evaluate patient response to this anesthetic method. The MAP was reduced from
      89.94 +/- 2.13 to 72.79 +/- 1.63 mm Hg under the influence of NaN infusion
      supplemented with halothane. No dose-response relationship existed between NaN
      and the intraoperative MAP. A 44% reduction in the measured red cell volume was
      observed in comparison to a previously studied group of patients who underwent
      similar surgical procedures under normotensive anesthesia. It is concluded from
      an extensive review of the literature that the most vulnerable period for serious
      complications is in the immediate postoperative period. No significant
      complications or adverse effects were observed in this study. It cannot be
      emphasized too strongly that the safety of this hypotensive technique lies in
      constant and careful monitoring of the patient and meticulous attention to all
      details of anesthetic management.

PMID- 1082016
TI  - [Changes in finger plethysmograph due to caloric vestibular stimulation. I.
      Reaction in normal subjects (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082017
TI  - Liver disease associated with alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency in childhood.
AB  - Liver disease in children with alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and protease
      inhibitor type ZZ does not necessarily carry a bad prognosis. Fourteen of our 18
      patients presented with the neonatal hepatitis syndrome and four had hepatomegaly
      without jaundice. Although four patients have died of cirrhosis and its
      complications, and three have severe liver disease, most of the 11 others, of
      whom four are over 13 years of age, have relatively little clinical, biochemical,
      or histologic evidence of liver disease. Persistent elevation of SGOT during the
      third year of life and renal or pulmonary problems were associated with a poor
      prognosis. Liver biopsy early in the course of the disease was not helpful
      prognostically but was useful in assessment of the severity of liver disease and
      demonstration of alpha1AT storage, alpha1AT deficiency was found in 29% of our
      patients who presented with the neonatal hepatitis syndrome. One of seven
      apparently healthy Pi type ZZ sibs of our patients had significant liver disease
      which had not been suspected previously.

PMID- 1082018
TI  - An outbreak of Hemophilus influenzae type b meningitis in an enclosed hospital
      population.
AB  - Five cases of HITB maningitis occurred within six months in an enclosed
      population of 28 to 32 chronically ill children. Studies of nasopharyngeal
      carriage and serum HITB anticapsular antibodies were started after the third case
      occurred. Two patients had low (less than 0.04 and 0.05mug/ml) antibodies and
      were not carriers when studied prior to onset of their disease. The carriage rate
      was approximately 20% among the children. Carriage was usually prolonged, and
      acquisition was not prevented by high antibody levels. Attempts to arrest this
      outbreak with type b polysaccharide immunization and ampicillin therapy are
      discussed in the context of HITB meningitis as a contagious disease.

PMID- 1082019
TI  - Rosette-forming lymphocytes and measles vaccination.

PMID- 1082020
TI  - Arteriographic demonstration and colonoscopic removal of a bleeding juvenile
      polyp.

PMID- 1082021
TI  - Severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage and anemia after therapeutic doses of aspirin
      in normal children.

PMID- 1082022
TI  - T- and null cell proliferation in a patient with acute infectious lymphocytosis.

PMID- 1082023
TI  - Mechanical properties of frog skeletal muscles in iodoacetic acid rigor.
AB  - 1. Methods have been developed for describing the length: tension characteristics
      of frog skeletal muscles which go into rigor at 4 degrees C following iodoacetic
      acid poisoning either in the presence of Ca2+ (Ca-rigor) or its absence (Ca-free
      rigor). 2. Such rigor muscles showed less resistance to slow stretch (slow rigor
      resistance) that to fast stretch (fast rigor resistance). The slow and fast rigor
      resistances of Ca-free-rigor muscles were much lower than those of Ca-rigor
      muscles. 3. The slow rigor resistance of Ca-rigor muscles was proportional to the
      amount of overlap between the contractile filaments present when the muscles were
      put into rigor. 4. Withdrawing Ca2+ from Ca-rigor muscles (induced-Ca-free rigor)
      reduced their slow and fast rigor resistances. Readdition of Ca2+ (but not Mg2+,
      Mn2+ or Sr2+) reversed the effect. 5. The slow and fast rigor resistances of Ca
      rigor muscles (but not of Ca-free-rigor muscles) decreased with time. 6. The
      sarcomere structure of Ca-rigor and induced-Ca-free rigor muscles stretched by
      0.2lo was destroyed in proportion to the amount of stretch, but the lengths of
      the remaining intact sarcomeres were essentially unchanged. This suggests that
      there had been a successive yielding of the weakeast sarcomeres. 7. The
      difference between the slow and fast rigor resistance and the effect of calcium
      on these resistances are discussed in relation to possible variations in the
      strength of crossbridges between the thick and thin filaments.

PMID- 1082024
TI  - Discrete and discontinuous action of brown widow spider venom on the presynaptic
      nerve terminals of frog muscle.
AB  - 1. A study was made of the effects of the venom of the brown widow spider
      (Latrodectus geometricus) on end-plates of the frog sartorius muscle. 2. The
      increase in the frequency of the minature end-plate potentials  (m.e.p.p.s),
      elicited by the venom in normal-"Ca2+" Ringer solution, occurs in discrete
      volleys having a sharp onset and end. The frequency of the m.e.p.p.s is high (up
      to 300 sec-1) and relatively constant during the volley. 3. The volleys recur at
      intervals during a period from 5 to 10 min after addition of the venom until the
      onset of electrical silence, up to 4 hr later. The activity occurs in groups
      containing volleys of loing and short duration. 4. Simultaneous intracellular and
      extracellular recording from single end-plates indicates that the volleys
      originate at highly localized areas of the nerve terminals. The high-frequency
      release of m.e.p.p.s in hypertonic sol solutions, which was studied for
      comparison purposes, occurs randomly over the entire end-plate. Volleys
      originating simultaneously at different sites are often superimposed in the
      intracellular recordings. 5. In high-"Ca2+" Ringer solution, the initial
      frequency of the m.e.p.p.s in a volley is comparatively higher. However, the
      frequency drops to one half its value in a few seconds. The volley then
      terminates or else the frequency of m.e.p.p.s remains high for some time and the
      volley has no sharp end. Activity occurs in groups containing both long and short
      volleys. Many more short (less than 5 sec) and long (greater than 30 sec) volleys
      occur in high-"Ca2+" solution than in normal-"Ca2+" solutions. 6. In low-"Ca2+",
      high-"Mg2+" Ringer solution, the volleys of m.e.p.p.s are fewer in number and
      much longer in duration. Intra- and extra-cellular recording of uninterruped
      activity during long periods suggests that in this solution the m.e.p.p.s
      originate diffusely rather than at discrete areas of the nerve terminals. 7.
      Implications of the above data on possible modes of action of the venom are
      discussed.

PMID- 1082025
TI  - Two mechanisms for the meperidine block of action potential production in frog's
      skeletal muscle; non-specific and opiate drug receptor mediated blockade.
AB  - The effects of meperidine and naloxone, and their interaction effects on action
      potential production in frog's sartorius muscle fibres, were studied with
      intracellular micro-electrode techniques. 1. Meperidine, a narcotic analgesic
      drug, depressed the rate of rise, the rate of fall and the amplitude of the
      action potentials. 2. At a meperidine concentration of 0-35 mM, the depression in
      the action potential maximum rate of rise followed a diphasic time course. At
      first there was a rapid reduction in the maximum rate of rise which was levelling
      off at about 60% of control 60-90 min after drug application. This was followed
      by the second phase during which there was an initial rapid decrease in the
      maximum rate of rise and all surface fibres were inexcitable by 180 min. 3. The
      addition of naloxone, a narcotic antagonist, in low concentrations (3 X 10(-5) to
      3 X 10(-4) mM) at 70-90 min blocked the second phase of the meperidine-induced
      depression. 4. With lower concentrations of meperidine (0-18 and 0-07 mM) the
      depression usually developed more slowly (up to 6 hr with the latter dose) and
      the addition of low naloxone concentrations partially antagonized the effects of
      meperidine. However, under no conditions was it possible to completely antagonize
      the effects of meperidine by the addition of naloxone. 5. A linear relation was
      found between action potential amplitude and the action potential maximum rate of
      fall. 6. Meperidine caused a shift in the relation of rate of fall against
      amplitude to higher action potential amplitudes, indicating that the drug
      inhibited the increase in potassium conductivity (gK) associated with the falling
      phase of the action potential. 7. When low naloxone concentrations antagonized
      the effects of meperidine on the rate of rise and restored action potential
      amplitudes to control levels, the effect of meperidine on the maximum rate of
      fall was not antagonized. 8. Larger naloxone concentrations (1-5 X 10(-2) mM or
      more) depressed the action potential rate of rise but did not alter the relation
      between action potential amplitude and the maximum rate of fall. 9. It is
      proposed that meperidine blocks action potential production by two mechanisms:
      (i) a non-specific mechanism in which the increases in both gNa and gK ar
      depressed and (ii) an opiate drug receptor mediated mechanism causing a specific
      depression of gNa. 10. The impression gained from the results is that there are
      opiate drug receptors located on the inner surface of the muscle membrane
      associated with the 'sodium channels' and that drug activation of these receptors
      by either meperidine or high naloxone concentrations interferes with the opening
      of the 'sodium channels' normally produced by membrane depolarization.

PMID- 1082026
TI  - A study of hypothalmic neurosecretory cells of bullfrogs in vitro.
AB  - Neurosecretory cells of preoptic nuclei of bullfrogs were studied in isolated
      hypothalamo-hypophysial preparations under constant perfusion with oxygenated
      Ringer solution at 15-17 degress C. Antidromic potentials were recorded following
      stimuli applied to the posterior lobe of the pituitary or the stalk. 2.
      Intracellularly and extracellularly recorded potentials resembled those obtained
      in vivo from neurosecretory cells of the mammalian hypothalamus. They were unique
      in that the antidromic potential had a long duration (10-20 msec) and a distinct
      notch on the rising phase (between A and B spikes). The conduction velocity of
      the stalk fibres in vitro at this temperature was 0-1--0-2 m/sec. 3. When two
      successive stimuli were given to the posterior lobe or to the stalk separated by
      intervals of between 30 and 65 msec, the test (second) response showed a longer
      delay of the B spike. This delay between the A and B components was as long as 10
      msec. Further shortening of stimulus intervals produced block of B spikes in the
      test response. A complete separation of A and B spikes occur spontaneously in a
      few instances. 4. Evidence indicated that inhibitory recurrent axon collaterals
      play a role in the control of bullfrog neurosecretory cells. Antidromic
      potentials were inhibited by a 'conditioning' stimulus for as long as 300-400
      msec, even when the stimulus did not evoke an antidromic potential. 5. It was
      found that in addition to the inhibitory interaction there is a facilitatory
      recurrent axon collateral system which operates within the nuclei. The evidence
      for this is: (1) stimulation of the posterior lobe, with single subthreshold
      pulses evoked an action potential if preceded by another stimulus of subthreshold
      or just threshold intensity. The durations of such facilitatory effects were
      found to be 20--400 msec; (2) a single pulse given to the posterior lobe did
      occasionally evoke two spikes from neurosecretory cells; the second spike which
      occurred 15-30 msec after the first had the characteristics of a trans
      synaptically produced potential; (3) gradual changes in the intensity of stimuli
      applied to the neural lobe produced a sudden shift in latencies ranging between
      15 and 30 msec. The potentials having long latency also showed characteristics of
      those transsynaptically excited. In addition, an increase in excitability of
      neurosecretory cells by antidromic stimulation was confirmed by using
      orthodromically induced action potentials in in vivo studies. Possible functional
      significance of inhibitory and excitatory recurrent collateral system in
      neurosecretory cells was discussed. 6. Two to threefold increase in NaCl
      concentration of a perfusate slightly increased the latency and refractory period
      of antidromic potential but not the shape of the potential. Norepinephrine added
      to a perfusate (1 mug/ml). augmented the separation of A and B spikes of the
      antidromic potential. Acetylcholine at a concentration of 1 mug/ml. did not have
      an appreciable effect on the antidromic potential.

PMID- 1082027
TI  - Calcium content and exchange in frog skeletal muscle.
AB  - Calcium content and exchange in frog ELD IV muscle were examined employing the
      efflux technique. 2. Muscle calcium was found to exchange with four time
      constants, 21-5 sec 2-7, 32 and 1244 min. 3. All calcium was found to be
      exchangeable with more than half the total amount residing in an extracellular
      compartment. 4. Results obtained from ELD IV muscles and single fibres were
      identical. 5. Muscle calcium content was found to remain constant up to 20 hr in
      vitro. 6. Extra exchange of calcium occurs upon contraction. This extra exchange
      appears to occur in the most slowly exchanging component. 7. The data are
      discussed in relation to morphological and autoradiographic findings and a model
      of calcium exchange in skeletal muscle is presented.

PMID- 1082028
TI  - The influence of treatment on the natural history of rheumatoid disease.

PMID- 1082029
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in normals and patients with rheumatoid arthritis and
      ankylosing spondylitis.
AB  - Seventy-four normal persons, 48 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and 25
      patients with ankylosing spondylitis, were examined in respect to lymphocyte
      subpopulations in the peripheral blood. The simultaneous enumeration of T
      lymphocytes (E rosettes), B lymphocytes (surface immunoglobulin), as well as null
      cells and double marker cells was performed. No significant differences could be
      observed in the three examined groups in respect to the absolute or the relative
      lymphocyte counts, suggesting that possible immunological impairment assumed in
      rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, is due not to reduced cell
      numbers, but to a possible functional disorder.

PMID- 1082030
TI  - Cellular and humoral immune parameters of synovial fluid and blood in rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - Thymus derived (T) and bone marrow derived (B) cells from joint fluid and
      peripheral blood of 15 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 10 controls with
      other inflammatory joint diseases were studied. High absolute numbers and high
      percentages of T cells in the synovial fluid, T plus B cell sums exceeding 100
      per cent in synovial fluid or blood, and fewer complement receptors compared to
      surface Ig bearing cells in joint fluid or blood was found only in rheumatoid
      arthritis. T and B cell numbers did not correlate with disease activity. No
      differences in T and B cells were found between patients positive or negative for
      rheumatoid factor. (J Rheumatol 2: 363-372, 1975).

PMID- 1082031
TI  - Acute mitral regurgitation from ruptured chordae tendineae in systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus developed acute mitral regurgitation
      due to ruptured chordae tendineae, requiring mitral valve replacement. Typical
      changes of Libman-Sacks endocarditis were observed in the excised mitral valve.
      Immunofluorescent studies revealed antinuclear antibody and deposits of
      immunoglobulins and complement within small vessels.

PMID- 1082032
TI  - Indications and technique of aortocoronary bypass.

PMID- 1082033
TI  - Results of surgery for coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1082034
TI  - Development of two manifestations of T-lymphocyte reactivity during tumor growth:
      altered kinetics associated with elevated growth rates.
AB  - Tumor-specific, cell-mediated immune responses (CMI) in mice were measured during
      the growth of transplantable tumors with the use of lymphocyte-mediated
      cytotoxicity and the recently developed leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI)
      microtest. When both tests were used in parallel to assess CMI, no consistent
      correlation was found, which suggested that each test was a measure of the
      activity of a functionally different T-lymphocyte subpopulation. The results of
      blocking factor (BF) assays with both tests agreed in 78% of the instances; the
      LAI microtest was much more sensitive for BF determination than lymphocyte
      cytotoxicity, since blocking serum concentrations as low as 0.25% could
      demonstrate BF activity in the microstest. In other experiments, the kinetics of
      development of tumor-specific CMI was followed in normal mice and those under
      toxic stress; the stressed animals showed depressed humoral and cell-mediated
      immune responses and enhanced tumor growth rates after the inoculation of tumor
      cells. In normal mice, a cytotoxic response always appeared in the spleens and
      regional lymph nodes 3-5 days before an LAI response. Enhanced tumor growth rates
      in the animals under toxic stress were associated with a reversal in the order in
      which these two manifestations of T-lymphocyte responsiveness developed; LAI
      responses always developed before, and often in the complete absence of,
      cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1082035
TI  - [Current indications of spinal cord stimulation in neurogenic bladders].

PMID- 1082036
TI  - [A difficult case of chronic renal insufficiency due to retroperitoneal
      sclerosis. Value of surgery].

PMID- 1082037
TI  - Neonatal meningitis and mastoiditis caused by Hemophilus influenzae.
AB  - A newborn infant developed Hemophilus influenzae meningitis associated with acute
      coalescent mastoiditis and a cutaneous abscess in the mastoid region.
      Mastoidectomy was followed by prompt recovery from the meningitis, which had
      failed to clear previously despite antibiotic therapy. Mastoiditis may exist as
      an infective focus in neonatal meningitis more frequently than has been
      appreciated. Mastoid roentgenograms are usually the only clue to diagnosis of
      this infection and should be obtained in patients with neonatal meningitis
      responding poorly to antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 1082038
TI  - "Normal-pressure" hydrocephalus. Relationship of clinical and radiographic
      findings to improvement following shunt surgery.
AB  - Analysis of 25 patients who fulfilled clinical and radiographic criteria for the
      diagnosis of "normal pressure" hydrocephalus (NPH) demonstrated (1) a significant
      relationship between presence of motor signs with good outcome and absence of
      motor signs with poor outcome following ventricular shunting, (2) symptoms and
      signs of parkinsonism in 40% of patients in whom the diagnosis of NPH was made,
      and (3) no reliable relationship between radiographic measurements or
      cisternogram appearance and outcome following shunting. The clinical picture is
      the most important factor in selection of NPH patients for surgery.

PMID- 1082039
TI  - Traumatic cerebellar hematoma without subdural hematoma.

PMID- 1082040
TI  - Editorial: Meanwhile, back at the bedside...

PMID- 1082041
TI  - Finding recent tuberculous infection in New Orleans. Results of tuberculin skin
      tests on New Orleans children from the inner city and Contact Investigation
      Program.
AB  - We tested infants and preschool-age children from the New Orleans Health
      Department programs for tuberculosis contact investigation and for tuberculin
      skin testing. About 7.8% (34 of 438) of the contacts and about 0.78% (107 of
      13,797) of those given skin tests were tuberculosis-infected. Both programs, we
      concluded, detected enough recent tuberculous infection to be worthwhile as
      screening procedures.

PMID- 1082042
TI  - [Changes in pulmonary function after resuscitation from shock and the effect of
      aprotinin (trasylol)].

PMID- 1082043
TI  - [2 cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Case 1: diffuse interstitial
      pneumonia observed in a case simulating dermatomyositis. Case 2: diffuse
      interstitial pneumonia in acute myelocytic leukemia].

PMID- 1082044
TI  - Difference in calcium content of atrial and ventricular muscle.
AB  - The calcium content and inulin space of the atrial and ventricular muscle were
      determined in isolated perfused heart of the toad, bullfrog, guinea pig, rat, and
      cat. In all species studied, the total and "cellular" calcium content of the
      atrium were higher than those of the ventricle. A high calcium content of the
      atrial muscle was also observed in fresh unperfused hearts. The total calcium
      content of atrial and ventricular muscles increased when extracellular phosphate
      concentration was increased. When severe ventricular arrhythmia such as
      fibrillation occurred during perfusion, the total calcium content of the
      ventricle increased. The decay of tissue calcium content with calcium washout was
      examined in the toad, guinea pig, and rat heart. It was revealed that about 80
      percent of total calcium existed as "exchangeable" calcium in both atrial and
      ventricular muscles. When the extracellular calcium concentration ([Ca]o) was
      altered in the toad, guinea pig, and rat heart preparation, the cellular calcium
      content of atrial muscle varied in proportion to [Ca]o, whereas that of
      ventricular muscle remained fairly constant at a higher [Ca]o value. The
      development of contractile tension in the atrial and ventricular muscles at
      various [Ca]o values corresponded well to these changes in the cellular calcium
      content except for the rat ventricle in which the contractile tension was almost
      proportional to [Ca]o. The relationship between the development of contractile
      tension and the level of cellular calcium content or [Ca]o was discussed.

PMID- 1082045
TI  - [Surgical treatment of severe forms of ischemic heart disease].
AB  - Over 400 operations of an indirect revascularization of the myocardium have been
      performed at the A.I. Bakulev institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the USSR
      Academy of Medical Sciences. Since 1970, the direct method have been developed,
      predominantly those of aorto-coronary bypass. Careful examination of 709 patients
      was carried out, 445 of them were subjected to selective coronary angiography,
      108 were operated on. In 1974, 56 operations were undertaken, among them 36 aorto
      coronary bypasses, in 6 of them with a preliminary endarterectomy from the
      coronary artery, 8 double bypasses, 6 procedures for acute myocardial infarction,
      5 combined operations of aorto-coronary bypass and resections of cardiac
      aneurysms, and 15 resections of postinfarction aneurysms of the heart. Twelve
      patients died in the postoperative period, mainly due to acute cardiac
      insufficiency. The high figures of mortality are caused not only by the faults of
      the surgical procedures but also by the grave initial state of the patients
      (multiple coronary lesions large focal cardiosclerosis due to preceeding
      infarctions, high degree of initial cardiac insufficiency). The improvement of
      the results of surgery for the ischaemic heart disease will depend on the
      perfection of the surgical technique, on proper selection of the patients, and on
      the precise determination of the indications for such treatment.

PMID- 1082046
TI  - [Remote results of resection of distal segment of the esophagus and cardia in
      patients with portal hypertension].

PMID- 1082047
TI  - [Portacaval shunt in portal hypertension syndrome].

PMID- 1082048
TI  - [Tritanopia and dominantly inherited optic atrophy (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical picture of hereditary dominant optic atrophy is described and the
      particular importance of the concomitant tritan dyschromatopsia is stressed. Most
      cases of tritanopia are acquired, congenital ones are rare. Wright has studied 17
      tritanopes - the greatest series ever reported. A full analysis of colour vision
      is given, but no detailed information about other visual functions and the
      condition of the fundi. As single members of  families affected by cominantly
      inherited optic atrophy show typical tritanopia, a visual acuity of 6/8 and
      hardly any pallor of their disks, it is possible that such isolated cases are
      regarded wrongly as congenital tritanopes.

PMID- 1082049
TI  - [Effect of hypokinesia and varying microclimate on vestibular function].
AB  - The functional state of the vestibular system of the bed rested man is
      characterized by a decrease of the nystagmic parameters, increase of autonomic
      reactions and elongation of illusory sensations. This may reduce the static and
      kinetic stability of man to acceleration. The bed rest induced vestibular changes
      can be attributed to the functional changes in higher compartments of the central
      nervous system. The influence of an altered atmosphere on the vestibular function
      is insignificant.

PMID- 1082050
TI  - [Eye movements occurring during head rotation on artificial gravity stands].
AB  - On the basis of previously advanced theories the direction and pattern of eye
      movements induced by stimulation of semicircular canals onboard artificial
      gravity stations are predicted. The resulting data are important to describe
      expected disorientation illusions of vestibular origin as well as vestibular
      effects on the visual functions of tracking and fixation onboard artificial
      gravity stations.

PMID- 1082051
TI  - Effect of tryptophan on polyriboadenylic acid and polyadenylic acid-messenger
      ribonucleic acid in rat liver.
AB  - The administration of tryptophan to fasted rats 1 hour before killing resulted in
      marked increases in the amounts of hepatic polyriboadenylic acid (poly(A)) and
      poly(a)-containing-mRNA in the cytoplasm and a shift in hepatic polyribosomes
      toward heavier aggregates. When animals were treated with cordycepin, or
      actinomycin D, to both, there was disaggregation of hepatic polyribosomes and
      inhibition of poly(A) synthesis. Administration of tryptophan to fasted animals
      pretreated with cordycepin, or actinomycin D, or both induced a shift in hepatic
      polyribosomes toward heavier aggregates and an increase in in vitro protein
      synthesis. Fasted rats that received [U-14C] adenosine to prelabel hepatic poly
      (A) and then were treated with cordycepin, or actinomycin D, or both before
      tubefeeding tryptophan revealed increased hepatic levels of labeled polyribosomal
      poly (A) in comparison with controls. Fasted rats that received 14C-orotic acid
      to prelabel poly (A)-mRNA and then were treated with actinomycin D after 1 hour
      and with tryptophan along with cycloheximide after 1 1/2 hours revealed marked
      increases in labeling of hepatic poly (A)-mRNA associated with polyribosomes in
      comparison with controls. These findings suggest that tryptophan may act to
      stimulate the transport of poly (A)-containing-mRNA into the cytoplasm of the
      liver.

PMID- 1082052
TI  - Ampicillin-resistant Hemophilus influenzae meningitis.

PMID- 1082053
TI  - A mechanism for the generation of self-tolerance.

PMID- 1082054
TI  - Bedside hemodynamic monitoring. Its value in the diagnosis of tamponade
      complicating cardiac surgery.
AB  - Cardiac tamponade may be a difficult clinical diagnosis in the early
      postoperative period in patients undergoing open-hear surgery, particularly when
      the anterior or lateral pericardium is left open. Bedside monitoring of
      intracardiac pressures and determination of a "pressure plateau" between right
      atrial, right ventricular diastolic, pulmonary arterial diastolic, and pulmonary
      capillary wedge pressures are useful in the early diagnosis of cardiac tamponade.
      The value of such hemodynamic monitoring in the  diagnosis and treatment of
      cardiac tamponade in three patients with aorta-coronary artery bypass surgery in
      the early postoperative period is reported. Appropriate therapy, carried out on
      the basis of these studies, minimized the occurrence of further morbidity or
      possible death.

PMID- 1082055
TI  - [Diffuse immunological lung damage due to heterologous anti-thymocyte serum].
AB  - Heterologous anti-rat-thymocyte-serum produces an acute hemorrhagic pulmonary
      lesion. Pneumotoxicity is dependant upon complement since preparatory C' -
      depletion protects the experimental animal from its letal properties. Absorption
      of serum with finely dispersed homologous tissue suspensions of lung and thymus
      is eliminative of toxicity while prophylactic administration of histamin
      antagonists seems to be non-influential in the genesis of the pulmonary lesions.

PMID- 1082056
TI  - [Effect of active interferonization and anti-thymocyte globulin on the growth of
      virus-induced hamster melanoma A-Mel-S].
AB  - The present data show that biological and synthetic inducers of interferon are
      able to reduce the growth of a transplantable malignant melanoma in the Syrian
      hamster. The advantage of the biological inducer H-MP are that it is not toxic
      for humans and that a high titer of interferon can be maintained over a long
      period of time.

PMID- 1082057
TI  - [Effect of strophanthin on intestinal blood flow. A contribution to the
      physiopathology of hemorrhagic enteropathy].
AB  - The purpose of the present study was to compare in canine experiments hemodynamic
      and angiographic effects on mesenteric circulation. I. v. administration of
      strophanthin is leading to an increase of arterial pressure and a decrease of
      mesenteric blood flow. Most consistent angiographic changes are attenuation and
      local vasoconstriction of peripheral vessels. The relationship between digitalis
      administration and mesenteric underperfusion leading to non-occlusive mesenteric
      ischemia is discussed.

PMID- 1082058
TI  - [Local gastric fibrinolysis activation].
AB  - Hemorrhagic gastric juice contains a higher fibrinolytic activity than normal
      gastric juice. It is liberated from damaged muco and possibly from hemolytic
      erythrocytes.

PMID- 1082059
TI  - [Effect of coronary bypass surgery on myocardial pressure and ventricular
      function in the dog].
AB  - In 7 dogs a severe stenosis of the left circumflex coronary artery (CCA) is
      produced in the course of 18 days. The influence of myocardial revascularization
      on left ventricular function and on intramyocardial pressures in the areas
      supplied by the CCA and by the left anterior descending coronary artery is
      studied. Neither under control conditions nor during acute left ventricular
      pressure load does opening a bypass graft between the carotid artery and CCA
      induce a significant change in total ventricular function (dp/dtmax, Vmax, left
      ventricular enddiastolic pressure). However, immediately after opening the graft
      intramyocardial pressure rises in the CCA area indicating a regional improvement
      of myocardial function.

PMID- 1082060
TI  - [Animal experiments on influencing ischemic myocardial damage following temporary
      coronary artery ligation].
AB  - Ischemic myocardial damage produced by temporary coronary artery occlusion of 60
      min duration is diminished by beta-sympathicolytic acting TrasicorR (3 mg per kg)
      and osmotically cell-dehydrating Manitol (1 g per kg). Trasylol, a proteinases
      inhibiting substance, caused a favourable effect at very high doses (100 000 DIE
      per kg) only. The extent and irreversibility of myocardial ischemic damage was
      determined by experiments of 180 min duration by intravital fluorochromatisation
      with acrine orange, determination of hydrogen ion concentration at frozen section
      of heart muscle with pH-indicatorpaper and enzymehistochemical and histochemical
      methods.

PMID- 1082061
TI  - [Immunotherapy of cancer: reality or hope? (AUTHOR'S TRANSL)].
AB  - The reality of immunotherapy of cancer is still in the trial stages. Supportive
      immunotherapy combined with conventional cancer therapy can prolong the duration
      of remission and perhaps raise the cure rate for many neoplastic diseases such as
      acute leukemias, sarcomas and malignant melanomas. Our knowledge of the
      immunologic reactions is still incomplete. We expect further progress  but we
      have no evidence that the immune response will be able to prevent or reverse all
      malignant growth.

PMID- 1082062
TI  - [Coronary heart disease: pathlogy (author's transl)].
AB  - The review deals first with the importance of the risk factors for coronary heart
      disease, the progression of coronary arteriosclerosis and the location of
      atherosclerotic lesions. The areas of blood supply to the coronary arteries and
      the effects of coronary insufficiency in the myocardium are discussed. Finally
      the aneurysm and the morphologic changes in aortocoronary venous bypass are
      described.

PMID- 1082064
TI  - [Round-table discussion on the topic: coronary heart disease].

PMID- 1082063
TI  - [Coronary heart disease and bypass surgery: a clinical cardiologist's view
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The main goal of bypass surgery (BPS) is improvement of angina pectoris (AP), of
      performance of LV function, and of the prognosis of AP. Recently reported
      statistics indicate a significant improvement of the prognosis after BPS,
      especially in double or triple vessel disease. The main indication remains severe
      AP with significantly impaired performance, but prognostic aspects can also
      affect the decision of BPS. The area of regional ischemia should be determined by
      means of angiography during stress, and regional flow should be measured
      (scintigraphy etc.) to allow a more accurate definition of critical narrowings.

PMID- 1082065
TI  - [Esophageal-portal disconnection in a case of rupture of esophageal varices:
      report of the 1st 18 months of a new technic].

PMID- 1082066
TI  - Core cooling after hypoxia and ischaemia.
AB  - Two patients sustained severe circulatory inadequacy before and during
      thoracotomy for coronary surgery. Both patients were promptly cote cooled to
      between 20 degrees and 25 degrees C. After coronary surgery, each patient was
      rewarmed and the operation was terminated uneventfully in each case, No important
      cerebral deficit was apparent despite periods of circulatory insufficiency and
      arrest which were well beyond the usually accepted limits. It is suggested that
      prompt core cooling may exert a protective effect in this context.

PMID- 1082067
TI  - [Proceedings: Alveolitis and interstitial diseases caused by organic dust and
      drugs].

PMID- 1082068
TI  - A study of the adrenocortical disorders related to the biosynthesis and
      regulation of steroid hormones and their computer simulation.

PMID- 1082069
TI  - Cloud nine academe and the trenches of health administration.

PMID- 1082070
TI  - Twin gestation.

PMID- 1082071
TI  - Alcoholic pancreatitis.

PMID- 1082072
TI  - Small bowel structure and function in pancreatic steatorrhea.

PMID- 1082073
TI  - Techniques and dosimetry for inflatable miniaturized afterloading in cancer of
      the cervix.

PMID- 1082074
TI  - Coxsackie hepatitis in an adult, with ultrastructural demonstration of the virus.

PMID- 1082075
TI  - Ileocolic intussusception presenting as a left upper quadrant mass, masquerading
      as pancreatic pseudocyst.

PMID- 1082076
TI  - Studies on melanocytes III. Melanocytes in muscles of mastication.

PMID- 1082077
TI  - Lateral subcutaneous internal sphincterotomy for anal fissure.

PMID- 1082078
TI  - Endometrial carcinoma in Turner's syndrome following prolonged treatment with
      diethylstilbestrol.

PMID- 1082079
TI  - Radiologic notes.

PMID- 1082080
TI  - Occult ocular melanoma.

PMID- 1082081
TI  - Medical education abroad.

PMID- 1082083
TI  - Mount Sinai's patients: Trends and prospects.

PMID- 1082082
TI  - Letter to editor: Pathologist's diagnosis/surgeon's dilemma.

PMID- 1082084
TI  - Myasthenia gravis unmasked by antiarrhythmic agents.

PMID- 1082085
TI  - Informed consent.

PMID- 1082086
TI  - Infection and cell metabolism.

PMID- 1082087
TI  - Effect of ABO incompatibility on mean coulter S and bilirubin values of cord
      blood.

PMID- 1082088
TI  - Serous otitis media and mastoiditis: their radiologic and clinical
      manifestations.

PMID- 1082090
TI  - Time interval to invasive mammary carcinoma in patients with atypical small-cell
      dysplasia and in situ carcinoma.

PMID- 1082089
TI  - Evaluation of the use of syllabi in teaching.

PMID- 1082091
TI  - Signet ring verruca.

PMID- 1082092
TI  - Raynaud's syndrome following self-administered intraarterial barbiturate.

PMID- 1082093
TI  - Cystic diseases of the liver.

PMID- 1082094
TI  - Congenital pits of the optic nervehead and associated serous detachments of the
      macula.

PMID- 1082095
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 11-1976.

PMID- 1082096
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 7-1976.

PMID- 1082097
TI  - Different Ly antigen phenotypes of in vitro induced helper and suppressor cells.

PMID- 1082098
TI  - Cooperation across the histocompatibility barrier.

PMID- 1082099
TI  - Low dose unresponsiveness with a thymus independent antigen.

PMID- 1082100
TI  - Equatorial X-ray reflections and cross arm movement in skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1082101
TI  - Exposure by phospholipase A of receptors for sheep erythrocytes on human B cells.

PMID- 1082102
TI  - Development of colonies in vitro of mitogen-stimulated mouse T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082103
TI  - Second genetic locus in the HLA region for human B-cell alloantigens.

PMID- 1082104
TI  - Pre- and postjunctional neuromuscular blockade by carbachol.
AB  - Carbachol, when applied to the bathing Ringer solution of frog sartorius muscles,
      caused depolarization of the endplate and a blockade of endplate potentials
      (EPP's), miniature EPP's (mepp's) and the iontophoretic acetylcholine potential.
      In muscles treated with an analog of hemicholinium-3, alpha,
      alpha'bis(dimethylammonium acetaldehyde diethylacetal)-p-p'-diacetylbiphenyl
      dibromide (DMAE), depolarization of the endplate by carbachol was blocked and the
      blockade by carbachol of the iontophoretic acetylcholine potential was prevented.
      These responses to carbachol were attributed to a postjunctional action that was
      antagonized by DMAE. In contrast, the blockade by carbachol of EPP's and mepp's
      was enhanced in DMAE-treated muscles at a time when carbachol-induced
      depolarization was blocked. This response to carbachol was attributed to a pre
      junctional action. Carbachol either blocked transmitter release by a mechanism
      that was insensitive to DMAE or enhanced the prejunctional blocking actions of
      DMAE. Succinylcholine had actions similar to carbachol. DMAE prevented
      depolarization by succinylcholine but enhanced neuromuscular blockade by
      succinylcholine. SKF 525-A (beta-diethylaminoethyl diphenylpropylacetate
      hydrochloride), like DMAE, prevented depolarization but not transmission blockade
      caused by carbachol.

PMID- 1082105
TI  - [Corticalization of 2 regions of the visual system in the evolution of
      vertebrates].
AB  - Data on the evolution of the visual system in the phylogenetic scale of
      vertebrates are reported. Visual projections in the telencephalon of cyclostomes
      (lampreys) and retinothalamo-telencephalic channel in elasmobranches (skates) are
      shown. In amphibians (frogs) and reptiles (turtles) the existence of two visual
      subsystems (retino-thalamo-telencephalic and retino-tecto-thalamo-telencephalic)
      is determined, both being overlapped partially at the level of n. geniculatus
      lateralis and totally in the telencephalon. In turtles earlier visual and tectal
      impulses towards the telencephalon proved to be relayed in n. geniculatus
      lateralis and later ones--in n. rotundus. In mammals (rats) visual tecto-cortical
      connections are shown to have one synaptic relay in thalamic structures since
      cortical potentials evoked by stimulation of the colliculus superior in rats
      posses a rather short latency. Significant latency shortening of tectal visual
      responses in monkeys, as compared with the latency of the respective potentials
      in turtles (chronic identical experiments), supports the idea of the progressive
      development of the tectal division of the visual system in the vertebrate
      phylogony. It is concluded that both divisions of the visual system--retino
      thalamic and retino-tectal underwent corticalization at earlier evolutionary
      stages.

PMID- 1082106
TI  - [Changes in the receptive field of pigeon tectum neurons subjected to vestibular
      and acoustic stimulation].
AB  - The changes in the receptive fields of neurons in the deep layers of the tectum
      opticum were studied as induced by labyrinthine and sound stimulation. Variations
      in the size of the receptive field, the particular direction of sensitive cells
      movement, duration of the reaction and amount of impulses in it were found. The
      results obtained and data from the literature allow one to suggest an active role
      of tectum opticum in the transformation of signals from the retina depending on
      the kind of information from other sensory systems.

PMID- 1082107
TI  - [A pharmacologic analysis of the slow potential arising in response to adequate
      stimulation of the frog olfactory bulb].
AB  - The nature of slow potential recorded in the frog olfactory bulb in response to
      natural stimulation was studied using application of different pharmacological
      substances. Three suppositions were checked up: 1) if the slow potential is of
      neuro-glial nature; 2) whether it reflects the primary afferent depolarization in
      the terminations of olfactory fibres which is responsible for the presynaptic
      inhibition in the olfactory bulb (as the dorsal root potential in the spinal
      cord); 3) if it reflects postsynaptic potentials. The slow potential was found to
      have many pharmacological properties similar to those of the dorsal root
      potential in the spinal cord. However, the slow potential appears to be more a
      complicated response and includes at least one more component--a depolarization
      of dendrites of unknown nature.

PMID- 1082108
TI  - A comparison of the effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on end-plate current and
      on cholinesterase activity in frog muscle.

PMID- 1082109
TI  - Persisting intrapituitary recessus infundibuli.
AB  - X-ray examination of the intracranial ventricles with Dimer X made it possible to
      make the diagnosis of obstructive hydrocephalus due to a mass lesion of the
      midbrain and abnormal intrasellar recess of the third ventricle in a 34 year old
      female patient. Considering the location and ontogenetic and phylogenetic facts
      one can diagnose the second pathological finding as a persisting intrapituitary
      recessus infundibuli. A malformation due to inhibition during development is to
      be assumed.

PMID- 1082110
TI  - [Problems of blood substitute therapy in severe surgical hemorrhages].

PMID- 1082111
TI  - [Diverticulosis of Meckel's diverticulum in childhodd. 1 year's experience].
AB  - 12 cases of Meckel's diverticulosis, submitted to operation, are examined. In the
      41% of the patients, the ascertained seat of the disease was the diverticulum.
      The following complications were observed: phlogosis, enterorrhagia due to ulcer
      and occlusion for invagination. Mortality was of 8.3%.

PMID- 1082112
TI  - Cell surface markers of human T and B lymphocytes. Their profile in primary
      immunodeficiencies.

PMID- 1082113
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin variants in New Zealand.
AB  - Twelve percent of a sample of New Zealand Europeans were found to have variant
      forms of alpha-1-antitrypsin. The distribution of different variants was similar
      to that found in other Northern European populations. Four percent were
      heterozygotes for the deficiency state (Z allele) which predisposes to both
      emphysema and cirrhosis. An initial survey of New Zealand Maoris suggests that
      although they have a lower overall incidence of variants, there is an increased
      frequency of the deficiency Z allele. This may be a contributory factor to the
      susceptibility of the Maori to respiratory and liver disease.

PMID- 1082114
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in a Southland family.
AB  - After diagnosis of an alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in a patient with emphysema,
      three complete generations of his family were screened for the defect. Half of
      the 42 subjects had a defective phenotype (18 were MZ, two were ZZ, and one SZ).
      Of this group, five had other avoidable risk factors predisposing to emphysema,
      and a further 10 were children. The four oldest subjects had radiological
      evidence of emphysema. Patients at risk were advised to stop smoking and avoid
      occupational exposure to lung irritants.

PMID- 1082115
TI  - [Possibilities of improvement of rheeophthalmography and use of this method in
      the study of hemodynamics in patients with rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1082116
TI  - Nitrosomethylurea-induced lymphomas in thymectomized mice, in relation to thymus
      dependent and independent systems.

PMID- 1082117
TI  - Mitogenic stimulation of lymphocytes in cancer patients.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from 16 controls, 16 untreated cancer
      patients and 15 cancer patients treated with irradiation were cultured with
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). The cultures were terminated
      on 3 and 7 days of incubation, and mitotic rates were obtained. The mitotic rates
      of untreated cancer patients for both mitogens did not differ significantly from
      those of controls. However, the mitotic rate obtained for 3-day PHA culture of
      the radiation-treated cancer patients was significantly different from controls,
      whereas the 7-day mitotic rate stimulated by PWM was significantly lower than the
      untreated cancer patients and controls.

PMID- 1082118
TI  - [Treatment of osteoarthrosis of the knee joint with trasylol].

PMID- 1082119
TI  - [Activity of thymus-dependant lymphocytes in mature and premature newborns].

PMID- 1082120
TI  - Liver in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency: morphologic observations and in vitro
      synthesis of alpha1-antitrypsin.
AB  - In an effort to characterize the hepatic abnormality in patients with alpha1
      antitrypsin deficiency, three unrelated children with the disorder (Pi types ZZ
      and SZ), two heterozygous parents (Pi type MZ), and three normal subjects (Pi
      type MM) were studied. As expected, the livers of the ZZ- and SZ-deficient
      subjects showed abnormal accumulation of alpha1-antitrypsin in the cisternae of
      the rough endoplasmic reticulum as judged by immunofluorescent and electron
      microscopic studies. Their parents (MZ phenotype) demonstrated identical although
      less extensive hepatic abnormalities. Short term cultures of liver tissue in the
      presence of radiolabeled amino acids showed both synthesis and release of alpha1
      antitrypsin in normal control subjects and in the patients with the Z protein.
      Radiolabeled intracellular alpha1-antitrypsin could not be found. These studies
      demonstrate synthesis of alpha1-antitrypsin by the livers of normal and
      genetically deficient subjects in vitro, and suggest several possible mechanisms
      for alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1082121
TI  - Morula forms of E rosettes: distribution, specific inhibition, and enhancement.
AB  - Rosetts-forming cells (RFC) with more than 10 sheep red blood cells (SRBC's) per
      cell defined as morula-forming cells (MFC) were studied in human lymphoid organs
      and in the peripheral blood (PBL). MFC are most common in the thymus (more than
      50%) and the frequency is much less in peripheral lymphoid tissues and in the
      blood (29.8% in those less than 5 years old; 14.9% in adults). There is very
      slight decrease in total RFC in PBL over age 5, but the changes in MFC are quite
      striking. Treatment with antihuman thymus antiserum (ATS) and with anti-human
      lymphoblastic antiserum (ATL) resulted in significant inhibition of total rosette
      and morula rosette formation. No inhibition was seen using normal brain
      antiserum, anti-IgM antiserum, or anti-L chain antiserum. In two patients with
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia and in some cases of thymic deficiency the ratio of
      MFC to total RFC was unusually high. After culture with phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
      and conversion to blast forms or after surface peturbation by papain or freeze
      thaw treatment, MFC numbers were increased.

PMID- 1082122
TI  - The significance of the Babinski sign in the newborn-a reappraisal.
AB  - A study of the clinical significance and the stimulus methods used to elicit the
      Babinski sign in normal newborns has been carried out. Although the most frequent
      response to cutaneous nociceptive stimulation of the lateral sole in neonates was
      extension of the great toe, a small but significant number of flexor responses
      were obtained. Consequently, the Babinski sign has limited clinical usefulness as
      a reflex indicating the presence or absence of neurological disease in the
      newborn. In reviewing previous studies in the literature, it was apparent that
      the widely differing percentages of extensor plantars reported in newborns was
      related directly to differences in the technique of examination.

PMID- 1082123
TI  - Letter: Are T-cell malignancies more frequent in younger children?

PMID- 1082124
TI  - Feedback of isotonic muscle contraction on neuromuscular impulse transmission in
      the frog.
AB  - The effect of isotonic contraction on neuromuscular impulse transmission was
      studied in the in vivo M. gastrocnemius preparation of the frog. The N.
      ischiadicus was stimulated regularly with single pulses at different frequencies
      in the range of 1/8 to 8 Hz. When steady state conditions were reached, each half
      minute a second stimulus was added to one of these pulses. The interval between
      the pulses of the pair was varied within the contraction cycle of the first
      stimulus. Compound extracellular or single intracellular action potentials were
      recorded from the muscle. At frequencies of 1/2-2 Hz a depression of the
      amplitude of the second compound muscle action potential of up to 50% of the
      first response was found when the muscle contracted isotonically. However, the
      second response was facilitated during an isometric contraction. The time course
      of the depression was equal to that of muscle shortening during the twitch, while
      the time course of facilitation corresponded roughly to that of facilitation of
      transmitter release. At lower frequencies the "isotonic depression" or "isometric
      facilitation" was not or only slightly present. However, at 1/8 Hz the depression
      could be evoked or increased by curarization. At frequencies higher than 2 Hz
      facilitation dominated over depression under isotonic conditions. With flexible
      intracellular micro-electrodes it was shown that the depression of the amplitude
      of the compound muscle action potential observed during the isotonic twitch was
      due to a reduction in neuromuscular impulse transmission. It is concluded that
      the isotonic depression is a negative feedback effect of the change of length of
      the contracting muscle on synaptic impulse transmission, probably due to an
      effect of length on transmitter release.

PMID- 1082125
TI  - Recovery of sensitivity to acetylcholine following desensitization in muscles of
      different vertebrate species.
AB  - The recovery after desensitization (DS) of the frog sartorius muscle postsynaptic
      membrane has a constant rate with a half-time of about 6 sec at 22 degrees C.
      Several other avian and mammalian species were also examined to answer the
      question, whether this parameter differs in muscles of different function and
      acetylcholine receptor properties. The following muscles were studied using
      iontophoretic microapplication of ACh: frog m. cutaneus pectoris, chick anterior
      and posterior latissimus dorsi, innervated and denervated rat diaphragm, and
      diaphragm of awake and hibernating golden hamsters. In all cases, desensitization
      developed when series of 6-20 short ACh doses were applied to the end-plate
      region of the muscle fibre membrane without any DS potentiating drugs. Rate of DS
      onset was dependent on the dose and/or  frequency of ACh application. The rate of
      recovery, however, differs very little in all the muscles studied, the half-times
      being in the range of 5-6 sec at 22 degrees C. A similar rate of DS recovery was
      thus found in muscles with different pharmacological properties of
      cholinoreceptors (e.g. different sensitivity of frog and rat innervated and
      denervated muscles to d-tubocurarine), or different ionic pathways during
      activation (hibernating golden hamster). These results support the assumption
      that desensitization is not of receptor origin and indicate that the system
      operating during DS does not undergo substantial changes during the functional
      differentiation of vertebrate muscle membrane.

PMID- 1082126
TI  - The effect of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on locomotor activity in mice.

PMID- 1082127
TI  - Central D-fenfluramine action.

PMID- 1082128
TI  - The influence of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) administered into the lateral brain
      ventricle on the behavior and body temperature in rats.

PMID- 1082129
TI  - Effect of kinins on the central action of serotonin.
AB  - Kinins, the biologically active peptides, potentiate the central stimulatory
      effects of NA and depressant action of acetylcholine as have been shown by the
      authors previously. The aim of the work has been to study the effects of these
      peptides on the central action of 5-HT. For experiments female Wistar rats were
      used. 5-HT given ivc to the animals and 5-HTP applied ip resulted in an increase
      of the pain threshold to the electrical stimuli and in a worse motor
      coordination. Bradykinin injected ivc or kallikrein ip to some extent abolished
      these effects. The biochemical tests revealed that bradykinin ivc lead to a
      significant decrease in 5-HT content in the midbrain. In experiments in vitro
      this peptide increased markedly the release of the platelets 5-HT and inhibited
      the uptake of this mediator to platelets. The results have shown that kinins can
      attenuate the central action of 5-HT. This effect can be ascribed, at least in
      part to a kinin-induced changes of 5-HT concentration in some structures of the
      central nervous system.

PMID- 1082130
TI  - [Immunological status of patients with amebic hepatic abscess].
AB  - The authors studied 10 cases of amoebic hepatic abscess documented by clinical
      evidence and confirmed by laboratory tests, liver scan and a good response to
      treatment. The immunological state of the patients was determined by protein
      electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, counter-immunoelectrophoresis, radial
      immunodiffusion and roset formation for T and B lymphocytes. It is concluded that
      the alterations of cellular and humoral immunity is evident in cases of amoebic
      hepatic abscess; this alterations are more clear in the acute form of the illness
      and the immunological deficiency is more significant in the celular immunity.

PMID- 1082131
TI  - [Centralized revision of contingent of patients with tuberculosis].

PMID- 1082132
TI  - [Forms of intrathoracic tuberculosis in adolescents and their connection with
      primary infection].

PMID- 1082133
TI  - [Effectiveness of tuberculin therapy of adolescents with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1082134
TI  - [Chemotherapy and chemoprevention of tuberculosis in children under condition of
      a sanatorium-boarding school].

PMID- 1082135
TI  - Different responses of lymphoid cells from tumor-bearing as compared to tumor
      immunized mice when sensitized to tumor specific antigens in vitro.
AB  - Lymphoid cells from spleen and lymph nodes of BALB/c mice were sensitized in
      vitro by cocultivation with cells from syngeneic methylcholanthrene-induced
      sarcomas. The donor mice were either immunized in vivo by tumor transplantation
      followed by excision ("tumor-excised mice") or were carrying a progressively
      growing tumor ("tumor-bearing mice"). The cell-mediated immune response of the
      sensitized cells was compared by a 36-hr microcytotoxicity assay. Lymphoid cells
      from tumor-excised mice were cytotoxic when tested after 3 days and also after 6
      days of sensitization in vitro. Lymphoid cells from tumor-bearing mice were
      cytotoxic to cells of the tumor borne when tested after 3 days in culture.
      However, the cytotoxic effect was lost after 6 days of contact with the
      sensitizing tumor in vitro. Preliminary data suggest that the cultured lymphoid
      cells of tumor-bearing mice which have lost cytotoxicity, can suppress the
      reactivity of in vitro sensitized lymphoid cells from tumor-excised mice.

PMID- 1082136
TI  - Separation of T cell subpopulations capable of DNA synthesis, lymphotoxin
      release, and regulation of antigen and phytohemagglutinin responses on the basis
      of density and adherence properties.
AB  - T memory cells specifically responsive to ovalbumin and performing the diverse
      functions of DNA synthesis, lymphotoxin release, and regulation can be isolated
      in enriched numbers in the most buoyant fractions (A+B) of bovine serum albumin
      gradients on day 9 after sensitization. At least 20-30% of these cells are
      capable of mounting a blastogenic response to ovalbumin. A+B cells responding to
      ovalbumin with DNA synthesis have adherent properties and are further enriched on
      passage through glass wool. The subpopulations capable of entering into
      blastogenesis and DNA synthesis and of lymphotoxin release are unresponsive to T
      mitogens. A+B cells are capable of either potentiating or suppressing DNA
      synthetic responses to both phytohemagglutinin and antigen when added to 5 X
      10(5) D cells in different proportions. Potentiation or suppression of
      phytohemagglutinin responses were observed with 1 X 10(5) A+B cells, and total
      suppression was observed with A+B in the range of 4 X 10(3) to 2 X 10(4). The
      response to antigen was sometimes inhibited in the same cell combinations that
      gave a potentiated response to phytohemagglutinin and vice versa. Regulatory
      cells in this system were not macrophages since their effect was not mimicked by
      addition of peritoneal macrophages, and ablation of macrophages by carrageenan
      affected neither the potentiation nor suppression.

PMID- 1082137
TI  - H-2 gene complex restricts transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity in mice.
AB  - Sensitized lymphocytes can transfer a state of delayed-type hypersensitivity to
      soluble protein antigens to naive mice only if donor and recipient share the I-A
      region of the H-2 gene complex. Identity at the K or D region is not essential.
      The restriction is unlikely to result from ineffective homing of the injected
      cells or from their early destruction. It is thought to reflect a requirement for
      an Ir-gene controlled mechanism which governs effective interaction between
      sensitized T lymphocytes and antigen presented on the surface of macrophages.

PMID- 1082138
TI  - Specific human B lymphocyte alloantigens linked to HL-A.
AB  - Sera, previously found to react specifically with B lymphoid cultured cells, were
      tested on isolated T and B peripheral blood lymphocytes in a microcytotoxicity
      assay. Studies were performed on lymphocytes obtained from several large Amish
      families. The sera used in these studies were cytotoxic to peripheral blood, B
      lymphocytes, but not cytotoxic to T lymphocytes. The antigens detected followed
      the inheritance pattern of HL-A haplotypes. The strong linkage disequilibrium
      with HL-A antigens suggests that genes controlling the expression of B lymphocyte
      antigens are linked to genes controlling HL-A alloantigens.

PMID- 1082139
TI  - Factor-VIII-related antigen: multiple molecular forms in human plasma.
AB  - Analysis of Factor-VIII-related antigen (vWAg) in normal plasma by crossed
      immunoelectrophoresis reveals an asymmetric pattern indicative of molecular
      heterogeneity. This asymmetric pattern apparently results from the presence of
      multiple molecular forms of VWAg with distinct, though partially overlapping,
      mobilities on crossed immunoelectrophoresis. Evidence for this conclusion has
      been obtained by separating these forms, one from another, utilizing
      cryoprecipitation, agarose gel chromatography, and ion-exchange chromatography.
      Variation in the relative destribution of VWAg forms in liver disease and
      disseminated intravascular coagulation suggests that the processes which govern
      generation and/or breakdown of these forms can be altered by disease.

PMID- 1082140
TI  - Inhibition of cell-mediated cytolysis of trinitrophenyl-derivatized target cells
      by alloantisera directed to the products of the K and D loci of the H-2 complex.
AB  - The role of the products of the K and D loci of the H-2 complex as target
      antigens for cytotoxic T cells generated to modified syngeneic cells has been
      investigated. Spleen cells, when cocultured with trinitrophenyl-derivatized
      syngeneic cells, generate cytolytic T cells that lyse most effectively tumor or
      spleen targets that are trinitrophenyl-derivatized and H-2 identical to the
      sensitizing cell. Cytolysis is inhibited by alloantisera to the K and/or D
      specificities of the target cells and by anti-dinitrophenyl antisera. Cytolic
      cells generated in this manner are also able to lyse, though less efficiently,
      trinitrophenyl-derivatized tumor and spleen targets that do not share products of
      the K and D loci with the sensitizing cell, and this cytolysis is also blocked by
      alloantisera directed to the H-2 serological specificities of such targets.

PMID- 1082141
TI  - Inhibition of in vitro immune responses by antisera to H-2 or Ir gene products.
AB  - Heat aggregated IgG and antisera reacting with Ir-1 products (Ia antigens)
      inhibited the in vitro primary responses of mouse spleen cells to SRBC by 50-90%
      and depressed EA but not EAC rosette formation by 70-90%. These experiments
      suggest that alloantisera to the H-2 complex express at least part of their
      inhibitory properties by blocking the Fc receptor on B cells, and the data
      support the concept that certain Ia antigens and the Fc receptor are identical or
      closely associated. In addition, these studies showed that the immune response
      may be inhibited by antisera that react with H-2K and H-2D gene products.

PMID- 1082142
TI  - Colony stimulating factor (CSF) from human leukemic urine: affinity
      chromatography and isoelectric focusing.
AB  - Biological activities associated with colony-stimulating factor (CSF) from human
      leukemic urine were found to be selectively retained on an affinity adsorbent of
      Con A-Sepharose. Elution of activity was achieved using a linear gradient of eith
      alpha-methyl-D-mannopyranoside (alphaMM) or alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside
      (alphaMG), and resulted in significant increases in specific biological activity.
      Rechromatography of appropriate fractions indicated that retention of CSF
      activities was not artifactual. Pretreatment of the affinity matrix with alphaMM
      completely inhibited binding of CSF. Affinity chromatography of CSF on a Blue
      Dextran-Sepharose adsorbent was found to be an effective method for removing
      albumin, a major protein contaminant in urinary preparations. Treatment of CSF
      with neuraminidase had no effect on its in vitro activity; however, such
      treatment resulted in an increase in the isoelectric point of CSF from pH 3.5 to
      pH 4.7, as determined using both sucrose and polyacrylamide gel stabilized pH
      gradients. Relatively broad regions of biological activity were observed
      following isoelectric focusing of both neuraminidase-treated and untreated CSF,
      suggesting that activity was associated with a heterogeneous/polydisperse
      population of molecular species.

PMID- 1082143
TI  - Activation of T-lymphocyte helper function by brief exposure to antigen-pulsed
      macrophages.
AB  - In this report we investigated the ability of macrophage-associated OVA to
      stimulate purified OVA-immune T-lymphocytes to produce nonspecific helper
      activity for antibody production. T-cell activation required only a brief contact
      between the antigen-pulsed macrophages and T-lymphocytes and was maximal after a
      4-hr contact. T-cell activation occurred at 37 but not at 4 degrees C, indicating
      that the macrophages and/or lymphocytes must be metabolically active for
      efficient activation. In addition, we compared the ability of antigen-pulsed
      syngeneic or allogeneic macrophages to activate T-cells for helper function.

PMID- 1082144
TI  - Effects of phenylalanine and 5-hydroxytryptophan on seizure severity in mice.
AB  - The degree of audiogenic seizure was measured in DBA/2J (phenylalanine
      hydroxylase deficient) mice as a function of dietary phenylalanine (Phe) and
      injected 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), the precursor of serotonin (5-HT). Phe was
      shown to exacerbate seizures significantly, and seizure severity was found to be
      directly related to dietary concentration when animals were not treated with
      exogenous 5-HTP. 5-htp was observed to significantly ameliorate seizures. The
      seizure-intensifying effect of Phe was reversible by 5-HTP injection and
      protection against seizures was directly related to 5-HTP concentration for
      animals on a high Phe diet. The results of this study indicate that Phe and 5-HTP
      are mutually antagonistic in modulating audiogenic seizure suceptibility.

PMID- 1082145
TI  - Control of the rat's sniffing behavior by response-independent and dependent
      schedules of reinforcing brain stimulation.
AB  - The rat's sniffing response occurs in continuous bursts, at approximately 5-11
      Hz. In the present experiments, the analog signal from a thermo-couple probe in
      the nasal cavity was digitized to provide a discrete logic pulse, defining a
      sniff, and permitting on-line presentations of reinforcing brain stimulation
      contingent on momentary sniffing patterns. Schedules of reinforcer presentation
      included response-independent fixed interval (temporal conditioning), continuous
      reinforcement (CRF), and differential reinforcement of low rates (DRL 10 sec).
      Under temporal conditioning, bursts of sniffing were observed immediately after
      stimulation, and an acceleration in sniffing developed preceding stimulation.
      Under CFR, operant rate-intensity functions were found to be similar to
      traditional bar-press data. Under DRL, sniffs were effectively paced by the
      criterion interval, and interresponse time analyses revealed evidence of temporal
      discrimination. The behavioral patterns were interpreted in terms of the
      interplay of operant and respondent functions.

PMID- 1082146
TI  - Behavioral supersensitivity to 5-hydroxytryptophan induced by chronic
      methysergide pretreatment.
AB  - The administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan to intact guinea pigs results in
      rhythmic myoclonic behavior. This behavior is blocked acutely by methysergide,
      but is intensified in animals chronically pretreated with methysergide. Brain
      serotonin concentrations of guinea pigs pretreated with methysergide did not
      differ from saline-treated animals. These results are compatible with the
      hypothesis that prolonged methysergide administration can result in
      pharmacologically-induced denervation hypersensitivity at central serotonin
      receptors.

PMID- 1082147
TI  - [Peculiarities of the regeneration of the bone marrow of mice under the influence
      of sublethal doses of radiation].

PMID- 1082148
TI  - Demonstration of bleeding from Meckel's diverticulum by means of selective
      arteriography of the superior mesenteric artery.
AB  - The diagnosis of a bleeding Meckel's diverticulum was made in a young man who
      presented several episodes of rectal bleeding over a period of 3 years. Attempted
      diagnosis by barium studies did not reveal the diverticulum. Angiography of the
      superior mesenteric artery revealed a wide and tortuous ileal branch -and at its
      distal end extravasation of contrast medium, within the walls of the
      diverticulum. It is suggested that in case of major bleeding from the lower GI
      tract, arteriography should be performed before other contrast medium studies.

PMID- 1082149
TI  - Radiological diagnosis of intracranial processes in children.
AB  - In children with suspected brain tumours, clinical features and simple
      radiological procedures such as cranial X-rays give little information on the
      localization of the process. Even at the slightest suspicion of a tumour,
      extensive neuroradiological studies are indicated. The diagnostic importance of
      ventriculography, pneumoencephalography and angiography is discussed with
      reference to 28 patients.

PMID- 1082150
TI  - Atypical radiographic features in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
AB  - The chest films in 30 proved cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were
      reviewed to determine the incidence of atypical radiographic findings. Seventeen
      of 30 patients or 56% presented at least one atypical radiographic finding during
      the course of the disease. Unilateral distribution, lobar involvement, abscess
      formation, fulminant progression, and atelectatic changes were observed in more
      than half the patients. A classic radiographic presentation, justifying treatment
      without biopsy, was seen in only 13 of the 30 patients.

PMID- 1082151
TI  - [Editorial: Homage to Brazil and its medicine].

PMID- 1082152
TI  - [Peritoneal dialysis in uremic patients with diabetic nephropathy].

PMID- 1082153
TI  - [Oral diazoxide in acute arterial hypertension. Preliminary report].

PMID- 1082154
TI  - [Hemorrhage in surgery].

PMID- 1082155
TI  - [Duplication of gallbladder. Presentation of a surgically confirmed case].

PMID- 1082156
TI  - [Meaning of schistosomiasis for Brazil].

PMID- 1082157
TI  - [Fiber diet].

PMID- 1082159
TI  - [Medical education].

PMID- 1082158
TI  - [Superselective vagotomy. Indication, technic and initial results].

PMID- 1082160
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1082161
TI  - [Personal technic for the diagnosis of vestibular disorders using neutralising
      acceleration].

PMID- 1082162
TI  - [Cochleo-vestibular tolerance for new aminoglucoside antibiotics].

PMID- 1082163
TI  - [Deficiency of alpha-1-antitrypsin and the allele Pi nul].
AB  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin is a glycoprotein in human serum that inhibits several
      proteases. It is a polymorphic protein. A single autosomal locus (Pi), with
      multiple codominant alleles is responsible of the synthesis of alpha-1
      antitrypsin. Of particular interest are alleles that lead to lower than normal
      concentrations of alpha-1-antitrypsin in serum, namely, PiS, PiP and PiZ. Some of
      these subjects carry a high risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary
      disease, especially when they are homozygotes for PiZ. In children, cirrhosis of
      the liver are also found in association with homozygosity for PiZ. recently,
      TALAMO discovered a subject whose serum contained no alpha-1-antitrypsin; this
      was the first case of total deficiency, and the patient carried a double dose of
      the so-called Pi--allele (Pi nul). We were able to demonstrate that a single dose
      of this allele exists in three families which we have studied in this paper. In a
      fourth family, the propositus carries Pi-- in duplicate. We report here the
      second case of the strange homozygous phenotype, Pi--. Surprisingly, we have
      found that alpha-1-antitrypsin is not completely absent in this serum; its
      concentration is 200 times lower than normal (less than 10 microgrammes per ml).
      At the moment, the existence of the Pi-- allele is obvious, but the significance
      of this small quantity of alpha-1-antitrypsin in the serum of such a patient
      remains unknown.

PMID- 1082164
TI  - [Chronic hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia. Report on 3 cases].

PMID- 1082165
TI  - [Adhesion and aggregation in the subendothelium: hereditary platelet function
      disorder].
AB  - Platelet adhesion to a thrombogenic surface and adhesion-induced aggregation were
      investigated using a perfusion system at a blood flow rate similar to that
      observed in arteries. Morphometric measurements revealed diminished adhesion of
      platelets but normal surface-induced aggregation with blood of patients with von
      Willebrand's disease and with Bernard-Soulier syndrome. In contrast, surface
      induced aggregation was defective with blood of patients with storage pool
      disease, thrombasthenia and with blood of healthy volunteers after Aspirin
      ingestion. These findings may explain the defective hemostasis in these patients.
      They suggest that platelet adhesion and aggregation are governed by different
      mechanisms.

PMID- 1082166
TI  - What retains water in living cells?
AB  - Three types of evidence are presented showing that the retention of cell water
      does not necessarily depend on the possession of an intact cell membrane. The
      data agree with the concept that water retention in cells is due to multilayer
      adsorption on proteins and that the maintenance of the normal state of water
      relies on the presence of adenosine triphosphate as a cardinal adsorbent,
      controlling the protein conformations.

PMID- 1082167
TI  - Activation of transplant immunity: effect of donor leukocytes on thyroid
      allograft rejection.
AB  - The survival of thyroid allografts in mice was prolonged by either holding the
      grafts in vitro culture for 20 to 27 days or by cobalt-60 irradiation of the
      donor 2 days before transplantation  with or without the intravenous injection of
      colloidal carbon just before removing the thyroid from the donor. In both cases
      the rejection process was restored by an intravenous injection of recipients with
      living peritoneal exudate cells (50 to 80 percent macrophages) syngeneic to the
      thyroid donor.

PMID- 1082168
TI  - Influence of cadmium and other trace metals on human alpha1-antitrypsin: an in
      vitro study.
AB  - The effect of trace metals on plasma alpha1-antitrypsin was studied in vitro by
      adding known concentrations of trace metals, either alone or in combination, to
      plasma. Cadmium was the only trace metal that reduced the concentration of alpha1
      antitrypsin and depressed the trypsin inhibitory capacity. No such effects were
      found with divalent lead, mercury, nickel, iron, and zinc ions. The present study
      appears to offer a plausible explanation for the emphysema that occurs in
      industrial workers exposed to cadmium.

PMID- 1082169
TI  - Merocyanine 540 as an optical probe of transmembrane electrical activity in the
      heart.
AB  - Frog hearts stained with merocyanine 540 shows a 1.5 to 2.0 percent increase in
      fluorescence intensity at 585 nanometers during the cardiac action potential when
      excited with a 540-nonometer light beam. Fluorometric action potentials similar
      to those recorded with intracellular microelectrodes in pacemaker, atrial, and
      ventricular tissues were recorded by focusing a 1-millimeter excitation beam on
      various regions of the heart. The signal-to-noise ratio for a single action
      potential ranged between 10/1 and 40/1. In spontaneously pacing hearts the slower
      rate of rise of the fluorescence action potential is due to the slow propagation
      of the electrical signal. In solutions containing normal calcium concentrations
      the fluorometric signal is altered by contractions. Merocyanine 540 is
      biologically inert as it stains the cardiac cell membrane and acts as a sensitive
      optical probe of the change in transmembrane potential.

PMID- 1082170
TI  - Benign bone tumors.
AB  - There is little information in the literature concerning the role of bone
      scanning in benign bone neoplasms except for sporadic reports. Since the advent
      of 99mTc-polyphosphate, bone imaging has proven feasible and useful in locating
      the cause of bone pain, such as in osteoid osteomas, which are not always
      radiologically apparent, and in evaluating whether or not a radiologic lesion is
      indeed benign and solitary. Blood-pool images are particularly important in
      neoplastic disease, since the absence of hyperemia in the immediate postinjection
      period favors the diagnosis of a benign neoplasm, as does low-grade uptake on the
      delayed study. The scan, including pinhole magnification images, is especially
      valuable in diagnosing lesions in the spine and pelvis, which are poorly seen
      radiologically. We have studied various types of benign bone tumors, including
      simple and aneurysmal bone cysts, fibrous cortical defects, and nonossifying
      fibromas, all of which had minimal or no increased uptake of the
      radiopharmaceutical, unless traumatized. Although osteochondromas and
      enchondromas showed varied accumulation of activity, the scan was useful in
      differentiating these from sarcomatous lesions. All osteoid osteomas demonstrated
      marked activity, and could be accurately located preoperatively, as could the
      extent of fibrous dysplasia. The bone scan in the reticuloses also showed
      abnormal accumulation of activity, and aided in arriving at the prognosis and
      treatment of histiocytic bone lesions.

PMID- 1082171
TI  - The role of thymus and bone marrow cells in immunologic competence: Part I.

PMID- 1082172
TI  - [Solitary juvenile osteo-cartilzginous exostoses].

PMID- 1082173
TI  - Creation of a reliable gastric bleed in dogs for angiographic studies.
AB  - A method of creating a brisk and reliable bleed from the left gastric artery of
      the dog has been developed. This has been quantitated and emonstrated by celiac
      and left gastric arteriography. Such a model lends itself to studies on the
      pharmacologic or embolic control of bleeding of the stomach.

PMID- 1082174
TI  - Intestinal fistula complicating pancreatic abscess.
AB  - Intestinal fistulization following acute pancreatitis is a complication of
      abscess formation and may occur after initial surgical drainage. It should be
      suspected in anyone with protracted pancreatitis in whom an abdominal mass
      suddenly disappears or in whom gastrointestinal bleeding develops. Although
      transient improvement may occur, decompression will often be incomplete and will
      usually be followed by recurrent sepsis or severe life threatening hemorrhage.
      For this reason, spontaneous fistulization into the intestine does not eliminate
      the need for adequate surgical drainage. With fistulas into the colon, drainage
      should be combined with proximal diverting colostomy. Some duodenal fistulas may
      respond to abscess drainage and intravenously administered hyperalimentation,
      while others may require drainage plus conversion from a side to an end fistula.

PMID- 1082175
TI  - Cardiothoracic surgery.

PMID- 1082176
TI  - A simple test to determine the site of bleeding in the upper part of the
      gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - A noninvasive test has been developed to distinguish variceal bleeding from
      bleeding due to gastritis or ulcer disease. The test is based on the ability of
      shed blood to lower the pO2 of the gastric saline solution irrigant. It correctly
      predicted the site of bleeding in four of five patients with variceal hemorrhage
      and nine of nine patients with bleeding from gastritis or ulcers.

PMID- 1082177
TI  - The liver as a privileged site for parathyroid alloimplanation in the rat.
AB  - It has been suggested that the liver suppresses the immune response to
      alloantigen. This hypothesis was tested utilizing parathyroid implantation into
      the liver and muscles of inbred rats. Recipients were parathyroidectomized and,
      after significant hypocalcemia, donor parathyroids from minor histoincompatible
      rats were implanted either in liver or in thigh hamstring. In one experimental
      group second-set grafting also was tested. Graft survivals were evaluated by (1)
      duration of functional response (DFR), the period of time during which the serum
      calcium level remained above the postparathyroidectomy baseline, (2) maximal
      response (MR), the proximity of the postimplantation calcium peak response to the
      normal preparathyroidectomy calcium level. Parathyroid implants survived
      significantly longer in the liver compared to the muscle, only when implanted
      across minor histocompatible barriers. It is suggested that the liver may contain
      an inhibitor, capable of suppressing the lymphocytes and thus suppressing immune
      response, which can be demonstrated when the histocompatibility barrier is weak.

PMID- 1082178
TI  - [The treatment of mixed infection vaginal discharge with Pimafutri vaginal
      tablets].

PMID- 1082179
TI  - Clinical evaluation of Stugeron-Richter in internal diseases.

PMID- 1082180
TI  - Clinical observations and their relationship to laboratory findings in the
      haemophilias.
AB  - Continuous observations in shcool terms have been made on the frequency of
      spontaneous bleeding episodes in a group of adolescent boys suffereing from
      haemophilia (39 cases), Christmas disease (9 cases), and von Willebrand's disease
      (2 cases). The observations suggest that in haemophilia other factors, besides
      the deficient factor VIII, affect the bleeding frequency. In the two boys with
      von Willebrand's disease, the lower level of factor VIII was associated with the
      milder symptoms; whereas in boys with Christmas disease clinical severity and
      laboratory results seemed to be correlated.

PMID- 1082181
TI  - Investigations on the relationship of factor VIII related antigen, factor VIII
      procoagulant activity and Von Willebrand factor activity using insolubilized
      rabbit antiserum.

PMID- 1082182
TI  - Synthesis and radioimmunoassay of canine fibrinopeptide A.

PMID- 1082183
TI  - Analysis of 140 consecutive autopsy cases of cerebrovascular strokes in northern
      Japan.
AB  - On the autopsy findings of the 140 consecutive stroke cases, some characteristics
      of cerebrovascular diseases in this district were discussed. Predominance of
      intracranial hemorrhage (cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage) over
      cerebral infarction was still evident. Ruptured intracranial aneurysms were
      demonstrated in 98% of fatal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Compared with the autopsy
      data of other institutions, the age of death was generally low, the median age
      for cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral infarction falling
      in the fourth, fifth, and sixth decade, respectively. Cerebellar hemorrhage was
      relatively frequent, while blood dyscrasias and other symptomatic hemorrhage
      constituted only a small part in contrast with the report of American authors. A
      dominant role of hypertension in causing strokes was concluded from both the
      heart weight and the clinical records.

PMID- 1082184
TI  - Enhancement of gustatory neural response to salts following adaptation of frog
      tongue to quinine-HCI.
AB  - After a frog tongue was adapted to 0.001 M quinine-HCl(Q-HCl), a change in the
      gustatory neural responses to salts was investigated. The initial phasic response
      to a variety of salt solutions such as 0.1 M NaCl, KCl, LiCl, MgCl2 and CaCl2 was
      greatly potentiated as a result of the Q-HCl adaptation. A weaker enhancement of
      the response to salts was observed after the tongue was adapted to deionized
      water, compared with the control response to salts during Ringer adaptation.
      Therefore, the Q-HCl-induced enhancement of salt responses is due to the summated
      effect of Q-HCl solute and water solvent. Concerning the enhancing mechanism of Q
      HCl, it is postulated that the membrane potential of some salt-sensitive taste
      cells will be displaced in the hyperpolarizing direction during the Q-HCl
      adaptation, and that large depolarization, which may be related to the enhanced
      nerve response, will be produced by applying salts after Q-HCl.

PMID- 1082185
TI  - Teratogenic activity of the antiepileptic drugs phenobarbital, phenytoin, and
      primidone in mice.

PMID- 1082186
TI  - Assessment of ototoxic potential of minocycline in guinea pigs.

PMID- 1082187
TI  - [Hemorrhages after stomatological-surgical interventions. Experiences with
      patients of the stomatological emergency service at the university stomatological
      clinic in Halle].
AB  - The author reports of experiences with 627 patients presenting with haermorrhage
      at the night emergency service of a university clinic of stomatology.
      Postoperative bleedings occurred mainly in the molar region. In 6 patients, an
      underlying disease until then unknown was recognized as a cause; a further 3
      patients were under anticoagulant therapy which had not received the attention it
      deserved. Local surgical and medicamentous therapy is of special importance in
      the treatment of postoperative bleeding.

PMID- 1082188
TI  - Multiple target cell killing by the cytolytic T lymphocyte and the mechanism of
      cytotoxicity.
AB  - Previous reports have shown that one cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) can kill more
      than one allogeneic target cell, but have not established whether after its
      action on one or more target cells, each CTL can attack a second set of target
      cells at a later time. The experiments described here show that one CTL can kill
      more than six target cells, and they suggest that CTL can do this sequentially in
      time. Hence, the small number of specifically sensitized lymphocytes found in
      rejecting grafts could play an important role. Moreover, sequential killing would
      imply that CTL are not harmed during their interaction with specific target
      cells. If killing were effected by secretion of a nonspecific toxin, the killer
      cell would then have evolved some device for resisting its own toxin in order to
      survive. Whether or not this is the case has not yet been fully resolved.

PMID- 1082189
TI  - Susceptibility of anti-H-2-capped target cells to humoral and T lymphocyte
      mediated lysis.

PMID- 1082190
TI  - [Chemotherapy of gestational chorionepithelioma].
AB  - The department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of Florence University reports the
      following findings for the chemotherapy of gestational choriocarcinoma during the
      period 1962-74. Sixteen cases, 11 of which were rated high risk cases, were given
      chemotherapy with MTX alone or in association with other cytotoxic agents. In the
      12 surviving cases that may be considered the incidence of complete remission
      (from 4 to 13 years) is 67%. Of the 8 cases rated as cured 3 were high risk cases
      at the beginning of treatment. Intermittent chemotherapy with MTX only was given
      by slow intravenous injection at doses of 3 to 4 mg/kg for 24-48 h followed from
      the 48th h by folinic acid treatment for 1-2 days. This schedule is recommended
      because of its negligible toxicity as a replacemen for intramuscular MTX in 5-day
      courses, which carries a fairly high risk of toxicity.

PMID- 1082191
TI  - [Solitary ulcer of the rectum. Apropos of 5 cases].

PMID- 1082192
TI  - Recurrent corneal granular dystrophy: a clinicopathologic study.
AB  - Recurrence of granular corneal dystrophy occurred in two patients following two
      successive penetrating corneal grafts. In the first patient, the deposits
      involved the central stroma of the donor cornea, almost to the level of
      Descemet's membrane. The second patient had predominantly subepithelial deposits
      in bilateral recurrences. Electron microscopy revealed rod-shaped, electron dense
      material typical of granular dystrophy in both patients.

PMID- 1082193
TI  - [Post-rotation nystagmus and micromovement of the eyes].

PMID- 1082194
TI  - [Role of the hypothalamus in the formation of vestibular reactions].

PMID- 1082195
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hemorrhage as a complication of different diseases and
      conditions].
AB  - The author presents an analysis of the cause of bleeding in 37 patients and the
      genesis of development of erosions, acute ulcers of the mucous membrane of the
      stomach and duodenum (57 observations). Some recommendations on the diagnosis and
      prophylaxis of gastrointestinal hemorrhages are given.

PMID- 1082196
TI  - [Profuse hemorrhage into the digestive tract in aortic diseases].
AB  - Four observations of the aortic aneurysm rupture with hemorrhage into the jejunum
      (2 cases), duodenum (1 case), esophagus (1 case) are reported. The causes of
      development of pathological changes in the aortic wall were as follows;
      atherosclerosis - in 3 patients, tuberculosis - in 1.

PMID- 1082197
TI  - [Vagotomy in treatment of acute gastroduodenal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1082198
TI  - Effects of rhodopsin and its photoproducts on the late receptor potential of the
      isolated frog retina.

PMID- 1082199
TI  - A reclassification of retinal ganglion cells in the frog, based upon tectal
      endings and response properties.

PMID- 1082200
TI  - The responses of the retinal ganglion cells of the frogs.

PMID- 1082201
TI  - The effects of adaptation on the centre and surround responses of frog retinal
      ganglion cells.

PMID- 1082202
TI  - Persons with impaired hearing United States, 1971.

PMID- 1082203
TI  - Oral hygiene among youths 12-17 years.

PMID- 1082205
TI  - An inventory of family planning service sites: institutional characteristics,
      United States-1974.

PMID- 1082204
TI  - Health attitudes and behavior of youths 12-17 years: demographic and
      socioeconomic factors, United States.

PMID- 1082206
TI  - [Use of novoimanin electrophoresis in suppurative and inflammatory diseases].

PMID- 1082207
TI  - [Echoencephalography in diagnosis of neoplasms of the cerebellopontile angle].

PMID- 1082208
TI  - [Age and sex characteristics of tuberculosis incidence among urban population
      during the period 1959-1971].

PMID- 1082209
TI  - [Sclerosing of the esophageal wall in esophageal varices].

PMID- 1082210
TI  - [Epidemiological and sociomedical aspects of rheumatic syndromes. II.
      Sociomedical importance of rheumatic groups].

PMID- 1082211
TI  - [Situation in the control of rheumatic diseases of childhood and adolescent age
      in the German Democratic Republic].

PMID- 1082212
TI  - [Allergic gastric hemorrhage in a case of milk hypersensitivity].
AB  - In a 50-year-old patient who was repeatedly hospitalised on account of melaena
      and twice operated without finding an ulcer the cause of the haemorrhage was
      first unknown. In the sixth massive haemorrhage endoscopically was established a
      haemorrhagic erosive gastritis which underwent a spontaneous retrogression
      (gastroscopic control). Since the skin test on milk was positive, it was not
      thought of an allergic gastritis by milk and a provocation test was carried out
      twice which had a positive result (haemorrhagic erosive gastritis after
      instillation of milk into the stomach). With the publication of this case the
      attention shall be turned to the gastric haemorrhage caused by a nutritive
      allergy as well as to the diagnostic value of the simply producible provocation
      test.

PMID- 1082213
TI  - [1st experiences with Kraus-Lechner's electrodynamic magnetic coil treatment].

PMID- 1082215
TI  - [Immunological bases of surgery].

PMID- 1082214
TI  - [T- and B-lymphocytes in the so-called collagenoses].
AB  - Lymphocytes of peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus,
      scleroderma and dermatomyositis were investigated, and relatively, with regard to
      T- or B-cell characteristics. T-lymphocytes of most patients with SLE were
      decreased both absolutely. B-lymphocytes mostly showed only a relative increase.
      Successful immunosuppressive treatment usually accompanied by normalization of T
      cell number and with decrease of B-cells. This differentiation of lymphocytes is
      an additional aid in the determination of activity of SLE and a useful index of
      immunosuppressive-cytostatic treatment.

PMID- 1082216
TI  - [Giant hemangioma of the stomach with splenomegaly as cause of intestinal
      hemorrhage].

PMID- 1082217
TI  - [Differentiation of post-traumatic disturbances of consciousness].

PMID- 1082218
TI  - [Experiences with the electrodynamic treatment of fractures].

PMID- 1082219
TI  - [Electron microscopic study of the vestibular apparatus receptor structures in
      the guinea pig after adequate stimulations].

PMID- 1082220
TI  - [Dynamics of the antismallpox antibodies detectable in the passive
      hemagglutination reaction with various animal immunization schemes].
AB  - Dynamics of accumulation and preservation of antibodies detectable in the PHAT
      (PHAT-AT) was studied on rabbits and guinea pigs with the use of various doses of
      the living inactivated virus and their combination in comparison with the virus
      neutralizing antibodies, antihemagglutinins and precipitins. Accumulation of the
      virus-neutralizing antibodies did not coincide in time with the curve of the PHAT
      AT accumulation; the titres of the virus-neutralizing antibodies were higher than
      the PHAT-AT titres. At the same time the percentage of seroconversions determined
      by PHAT was equal to 100 and the PHAT-AT level directly depended on the
      immunizing dose, the time of administration and the type of the antigen. On the
      basis of the data obtained PHAT could be recommended as a test for the assessment
      of the immunological efficacy of the smallpox vaccinations.

PMID- 1082221
TI  - Effects of thyroxine on T-cell counts and tumour cell rejection in mice.
AB  - In an attempt to study the effect of thyroxine on peripheral T-cell (thymus
      derived lymphocyte) counts or immunological functions, inbred C3H/He mice (8-10
      weeks old) were injected subcutaneously with thyroxine for more than 3 months.
      After treatment for 3 months the mice were examined for peripheral T-cell counts,
      thymic incorporation of tritiated thymidine and rejection of tumour transplants.
      The number of T-cells was counted by the indirect immunoflourescence method using
      anti-thetaC3H serum after separation of lymphocytes on "Ficoll-Conray". It was
      revealed that the peripheral counts of both lymphocytes and T-cells were
      increased in the thyroxine treated group as compared with the control group, as
      was reported in the patients with Graves' disease. Thymic incorporation of
      tritiated thymidine was also found to be significantly increased in the thyroxine
      treated group. In addition, in order to study T-cell activity of the host,
      thyroxine treated and control mice were challenged with Ehrlich carcinoma cells
      at several concentrations (10(2), 10(4) and 2 x 10(6) per mouse). It was found
      that rejection of tumour transplants was significantly enhanced in the T-cell
      rich mice. Thus, it is possible that throxine affects peripheral T-cell counts
      and enhances immunological functions of the host.

PMID- 1082222
TI  - [Immunological sterilities].

PMID- 1082223
TI  - Transfer factor as an additional therapeutic agent in mycosis fungoides.

PMID- 1082224
TI  - Experimental studies on the nerve--sensory cell relationship during degeneration
      and regeneration in ampullar nerves of the frog labyrinth.
AB  - The degeneration and regeneration of afferent and efferent nerves to the crista
      ampullaris in the frog were studied after transsection of the ampullar nerves. In
      some experiments one or both rostral ampullar nerves were simply divided and left
      in place. In other experiments the ampullar nerves to the horizontal and to the
      anterior vertical crista were divided and the branch to the former was brought
      into contact with the distal stump of the anterior vertical ampullar nerve.
      Sensory cells in the labyrinth survived total denervation for 1-2 weeks without
      regular signs of ultrastructural damage. The afferent synaptic structures in
      these cells were often preserved in the denervated stage. The afferent nerve
      fibres degenerated earlier than the efferent ones. Both type of fibres
      reinnervated the vestibular epithelium after division of the ampullar nerve. The
      fibres from a horizontal ampullar nerve could reinnervate a denervated anterior
      vertical crista, resulting in misdirected reflexes. About 40 days after division
      both function and morphological organization had been restored to normal.

PMID- 1082225
TI  - [The mechanisms of central vestibular compensation. Nystagmographic study].

PMID- 1082226
TI  - [Automatic summation of slow phases of nystagmus in vestibular pathology].

PMID- 1082227
TI  - [The influence of age on vestibular function].
AB  - Regular changes in vestibular responsitivity as a function of age are
      demonstrated with the maximum speed of the slow phase of caloric nystagmus. The
      clinical implication of this is that, when doing caloric tests, one should not
      switch for no reason from a once accepted temperature sequence, otherwise
      comparison with other tests becomes impossible. It rotation tests the best
      reactions are found in young people. The amplitude is a good parameter to detect
      age-factors in rotatory nystagmus.

PMID- 1082228
TI  - [Electronystagmographic data from a study of 100 postoperative tracings 5 days
      after venous interposition].

PMID- 1082229
TI  - [Effect of osmotic medication on the excitability of the vestibular system].

PMID- 1082230
TI  - [Effect of diazepam on vestibular hyperreflexia].

PMID- 1082231
TI  - [Clinical application of a mathematical model of the vestibulo-oculomotor
      system].

PMID- 1082232
TI  - [A model of the vestibulo-oculomotor system].

PMID- 1082233
TI  - [Models and experimentation. Vestibular adaptation].
AB  - In 1961, we have given the experimental proof that, in the frog, the excited or
      inhited electrical activity of the ampullar nerve produced by a copular
      deflection of long duration, showed a decline which was attributed to an
      "adaptation" of peripheral origin. We suggested that the "inverse phase" was due
      to this adaptation. Since then, many workers have showed that such an adaptation
      was to be found in the induced nystagmus by prolonged angular acceleration. The
      mathematical models constructed to explain the vestibular function have to take
      in account this response decline to coincide with the evolution of the slow phase
      velocity of the nystagmus, during the prolonged deflexions of the cupula produced
      by the clinical vestibular rotatory and caloric tests.

PMID- 1082234
TI  - Changes in blood arginine vasotocin level after osmotic stimuli in domestic fowl.

PMID- 1082235
TI  - Reversibility of effects of very hypotonic fluids on in vitro frog gastric
      mucosa: a functional and morphological study.
AB  - Functional and morphological properties of the in vitro frog gastric mucosa were
      studied during and after exposure to very hypotonic (approximately 25 mOs M)
      solutions. Within 20 min the acid secretory rate decreased to zero, but it
      returned to normal levels after isotonic fluids had been restored. The potential
      difference (PD) dropped within the first minutes after the exposure to hypotonic
      solutions, and became inverted. Following the return of isotonic conditions the
      PD increased to levels higher than in the controls. The electrical resistance
      increased about 10-fold during the hypotonic period, but decreased to near normal
      values when isotonic conditions were restored. By light and electron microscopy
      the cells of the hypotonic mucosae appeared greatly swollen, and the alterations
      were assessed by morphometric methods. The gland lumina were almost obliterated,
      and the lamina propria was reduced to about 63% of its former volume. After the
      return to isotonic conditions normal morphology was restores. It is conceivable
      that the great increase in resistance duroing the hypotonic period was caused by
      the occlusion of the gland lumina. Quantitative analyses of the Na, K, and Cl
      tissue concentrations indicated a large loss of these ions during the hypotonic
      state. Presumably the epithelial cells in the hypotonic mucosae avoid bursting by
      rapidly letting large numbers of ions exit, which results in a celulular
      osmolarity close to that of the bathing fluids.

PMID- 1082236
TI  - [Studies on color naming test for congenital color defectives. (1) Dvorine's
      nomenclature test (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082237
TI  - Follow-up catheterization of patients with myocardial infarction during coronary
      artery bypass surgery.
AB  - Of 197 consecutive patients having aortocoronary bypass grafts over a 30 month
      period, 38 (19 per cent) had ECG evidence of myocardial infarction. The
      infarctions occurred more commonly in patients receiving multiple grafts. The
      infarctions were usually in areas supplied by grafted vessels. The infarctions
      occurred most often in the inferior wall, even when multiple vessels were
      grafted. Eleven patients with intraoperative infarction have had repeat
      postoperative coronary arteriograms. Seven had all grafts patent; three of these
      patients had hypokinesis of the infarcted wall. Four of the 11 patients had one
      or more occluded grafts; three of these patients had an area of hypokinesis. We
      conclude that intraoperative myocardial infarction is a common problem in
      aortocoronary bypass surgery and is not necessarily caused by graft occlusion.

PMID- 1082239
TI  - Xerophthalmia and blindness in Northeast Brazil.
AB  - Dietary and biochemical data have indicated that hypovitaminosis A is a public
      health problem in Northeast Brazil. However, there are few reports regarding
      clinical signs of hypovitaminosis A. Therefore, an epidemiological study was
      designed to study this problem. The study as done was primarily a review of
      hospital records of xerophthalmia in each state with attention paid to other
      nutrition factors. It was found that xerophthalmia is a problem in Northeast
      Brazil and a cause of blindness in certain areas. However, the number varied
      greatly from some states to others. Around 1,000 preschool-age children were
      recorded as blind from vitamin A deficiency in a 1-year period. It was also noted
      that the peak incidence of xerophthalmia and blindness was around 1 year of age.
      The government of Brazil is taking urgent measures to combat this deficiency with
      such measures as the supplementation of sugar with vitamin A and the distribution
      of massive doses of vitamin A.

PMID- 1082238
TI  - The effect of massive doses of vitamin A on the signs of vitamin A deficiency in
      preschool children.
AB  - Marked seasonal variation in the prevalence of signs of vitamin A deficiency was
      found in the 2nd year of a continuing study of children age 0 to 4-1/2 years in a
      village in West Bengal, confirming results of a previous 18-month study.
      Administration of 200,000 IU of vitamin A every 4 months completely eliminated
      night blindness and prevented the development of new cases of Bitot's spot in a
      statistically significant number of children. The effectiveness of massive doses
      of vitamin A, administered at intervals of 4 months, as a short-term measure to
      fight the problem, was confirmed in this village. The study yielded additional
      evidence of the complex etiology of Bitot's spot, since alternate day dose of
      vitamin A in addition to massive therapy failed to eliminate these spots.

PMID- 1082240
TI  - SPLEEN/PATHOL.
AB  - Lymphocyte subpopulations were studied in the peripheral blood, lymph nodes, and
      spleens in a group of 17 patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease. In 12 of 15
      cases, diminished absolute levels of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood were
      found; however, this was correlated with total lymphopenia. No direct
      relationship between "T-lymphopenia" and diminished cellular immunity, as
      measured by phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen blast transformation, and
      delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity was demonstrated. In eight lymph nodes
      involved histologically by Hodgkin's disease, a preponderance of T-lymphocytes
      was found when compared with a group of seven hyperplastic nodes (78.2 +/- 8.9%
      versus 54.5 +/- 11.0%, P is less than 0.01). These latter data appear to be
      consistent with the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of Hodgkin's disease
      involves a cell-mediated immune response to a neoplastic (antigenic) element.

PMID- 1082241
TI  - Geriatric nurse practitioner in nursing homes.

PMID- 1082242
TI  - Ultrastructural aspects of interactions of platelets with microcrystalline
      collagen.
AB  - Whole blood anticoagulated with EDTA was stirred with high concentrations of a
      microcrystalline bovine dermal collagen preparation in order to study the
      interactions of blood cells with collagen at the ultrastructural level. Blood
      from normal subjects and from patients congenitally deficient in Factors VIII or
      XII or with thrombasthenia or von Willebrands disease was used. In scanning and
      transmission electron microscopic studies with blood from normal subjects and
      patients, platelets were seen to adhere to collagen, develop cell surface
      undulations, form pseudopods, and undergo morphologic changes suggestive of the
      release reaction. Although thrombasthenic platelets adhered to collagen,
      pseudopods formed by these cells were remarkably angulated and nodular.
      Relatively few von Willebrands platelets adhered to collagen, but those platelets
      that did adhere underwent the usual sequence of morphologic changes.

PMID- 1082243
TI  - The incidence of red-green colourblindness in the populations of Tripolitania,
      Cyrenaica and Fezzan in Libya, and of the Kikuyu, Kamba, Taita, Taveta and Luo
      tribes of Kenya.
AB  - The results of surveys of colourblindness carried out using the Ishihara test
      cards in Libya and Kenya, involving 384 and 504 individuals respectively, are
      reported. The Libyan samples, drawn from three geographically distinct regions of
      the country, are relatively homogeneous. The Kenyan samples, on the other hand,
      are heterogeneous, but in toto they display a markedly lower colourblindness
      percentage than do the Libyans. The Kenyan data are in broad accord with the
      other data available for sub-Saharan African populations. There are very few sets
      of comparative data available for North African populations, but the Libyan
      material displays a lower incidence of colourblindness than the values reported
      in European populations.

PMID- 1082244
TI  - Chloride balance in Rana pipiens.
AB  - Frogs kept in dilute solutions of Cl- maintain a steady state with respect to
      this ion. Chloride is exchanged at a rate of about 15 mumol 100 g-1 h-1 (47 nmol
      cm-2 h-1). Over 90% of the efflux is integumentary of which about 50% is
      diffusion of the total influx. The rest is carrier mediated, half of which is
      exchange diffusion and half active transport. The chloride transport system
      displays saturation kinetics and is inhibited by acetazolamide. Uptake of Cl- is
      not dependent on concomitant uptake of cations. Salt-depleted frogs accumulate Cl
      from dilute KCl or choline chloride in exchange for an endogenous base, probably
      HCO-3. High bath concentrations of NaCl (greater than 5 mM) abolish the active
      uptake of Cl- and increase the passive permeability of the skin to Cl-.

PMID- 1082245
TI  - Chloride transport across isolated skin of Rana pipiens.
AB  - The influx of Cl- across isolated frog skin bathed on the outside by 0.8 mM NaCl
      is about 100 nmol cm-2 h-1, which is approximately twice the Cl- influx in intact
      animals. The influx consists of diffusion (1%), exchange diffusion (38%), and
      active transport (60%). About 80% of the influx is independent of Na+ in the
      outer bath and is also independent of concomitant inward movement of cations.
      Chloride is exchanged for anions, probably HCO-3. The Cl- transport system is
      saturable; Vmax is about 200 nmol cm-2 h-1, and Ks is about 0.7 mM Cl-. High
      external concentrations of NaCl increase unidirectional fluxes of Cl- and urea,
      indicating a change in paracellular pathways. Active transport of Cl- is
      temperature sensitive (Q10 equals 2.68) and is inhibited by cyanide,
      dinitrophenol, iodoacetic acid, iodide, thiocyanate, and acetazolamide. The Na
      independent component of JClin was unaffected by amiloride, ouabain, or eserine,
      all of which inhibit Na+ transport.

PMID- 1082246
TI  - Contractile repriming of single muscle fibers: inactivation and tubular
      diffusion.
AB  - Following  maximal potassium contractures of isolated single fibers from Rana
      pipiens, a brief recovery period is required to restore the ability to produce
      maximal tension by subsequent depolarization. At normal potassium concentration
      (2.5 mM), there is a minimal lag time of 5 s before any tension is produced by a
      second exposure to elevated K+; half-maximal tension can be produced in 13 s. The
      rate of repriming is directly related to the square of the fiber radius and is
      slowed by lowering external calcium concentration (1.5-0.4 mM). There is no
      significant difference in any of these respects between normal fibers and fibers
      dissected from semitendinosus muscles which had been chronically denervated for
      periods of up to 8 wk. Increased potassium concentration (5-20 mM) in the
      recovery solution decreased the steady-state repriming level, affecting
      denervated fibers more than controls. No repriming occurred at concentrations
      above 20 mM (-48 mV membrane potential.) At these intermediate concentrations,
      repriming was less complete in denervated muscle, reflecting the increased speed
      of delayed contractile inactivation. From the times to 50% repriming, which were
      proportional to the square of fiber radius, we estimated an upper limit for the
      diffusion coefficient for K+ in the transverse tubular system of 0.3 X 10(-6)
      cm2/s for both control and chronically denervated fibers.

PMID- 1082247
TI  - Difference between endocardial and epicardial utilization of glycogen in the
      ischemic heart.
AB  - In the nonischemic canine left ventricle, levels of glycogen, glucose-6-phosphate
      (G6P), and lactate, and phosphorylase activity in the endocardial layers were
      higher than those in the epicardial layers, but the phosphocreatine (PCr) level
      in the endocardial layers was lower than that in the epicardial layers, and there
      were no differences in the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level between the endo-
      and epicardial layers. Upon ligation of a small branch of the left descending
      coronary artery, levels of glycogen and PCr decreased, while those of G6P and
      lactate increased, and the activity of phosphorylase increased. The level of ATP
      was not affected by the coronary ligation. Thus the coronary ligation accelerated
      the glycogenolysis and glycolysis in the myocardium without affecting ATP level,
      and the acceleration in metabolism in the endocardial layers was more rapid and
      marked than that in the epicardial layers.

PMID- 1082248
TI  - The significance of the dural supply from the carotid siphon.
AB  - The dural branches from the cavernous portion of the internal carotid consists of
      the meningophypopseal trunk, the inferior cavernous, and the capsular arteries.
      These vessels have extensive anastomoses in and around the sellar area. These
      arteries are not usually demonstrated angiographically; therefore, when they are
      enlarged, a pathological lesion should be suspected. There are numerous lesions
      other than meningiomas associated with hypertrophy of these dural branches and
      the corresponding vessels involved depends on the anatomic location of the
      associated lesion.

PMID- 1082249
TI  - Postoperative reflux gastritis.
AB  - The chief clinical features of forty-nine patients with the syndrome of reflux
      "alkaline" gastritis were epigastric pain, bilious vomiting, anemia, and the
      dumping syndrome. Separation of the symptoms of this syndrome from the symptoms
      of a multitude of other postgastrectomy syndromes is difficult, being complicated
      by a high incidence of emotional instability in these patients. Endoscopy remains
      the mainstay in diagnosis; among the characteristic endoscopic features are
      adherent mucus, edema, mucosal friability, and erosions, most severe on the
      gastric aspect of the stoma. The surgical treatment of choice is Roux-en-Y
      gastrojejunostomy accompanied by vagectomy.

PMID- 1082250
TI  - Portal hypertension in infants and children with histiocytosis X.
AB  - Histiocytosis X describes a disease characterized by histiocytic infiltration of
      the reticuloendothelial system, skin, bones, and pituitary gland. The
      disseminated form frequently occurs in infants and children. Chemotherapy has
      significantly improved the prognosis in this disorder. Sixty-three per cent of
      survivors, however, have some residual disability related to fibrosis of tissues
      previously infiltrated by histiocytes. In instances of liver involvement, healing
      by fibrosis may result in cirrhosis with portal hypertension and bleeding
      esophageal varices. Clinical findings include hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice,
      ascites, hypoalbuminemia, prolonged prothrombin time, and Bromsulphalein
      retention. Histologic examination of the liver shows a characteristic dense
      "macronodular" periportal  cirrhotic pattern. Three children with portal
      hypertension and bleeding varices due to healed histiocytosis X were sucessfully
      managed by portosystemic shunt procedures. Portacaval, mesocaval, and central
      splenorenal shunts were equally effective in relieving poral hypertension. These
      children had neither recurrence of bleeding nor evidence of encephalopathy. Two
      children remain well whereas in one patient a primary hepatoma developed fourteen
      years posthung and he died of pulmonary metastases. Portosystemic shunt
      procedures effectively relieve the threat of potentially fatal variceal
      hemorrhage and improve the opportunity for long-term survival in children with
      cirrhosis and portal hypertension due to healed histiocytosis X.

PMID- 1082251
TI  - Application of joint distribution of quantitative characteristics of the
      vestibular nystagmus for diagnostic purposes.

PMID- 1082252
TI  - [Electric stimulation of the uterus and bladder in parturients for prophylactic
      and therapeutic purpose].

PMID- 1082253
TI  - Vitrectomy-instrumentation-system MS 7.
AB  - An instrumentation-system (MS 7) for open-sky- as well as for pars-plana
      vitrectomy is described. The intraocular canula is equipped with a special
      rotating cutting device. Suction is generated by a suction-pump in the power
      supply unit. Intraocular illumination is obtained by a detachable light pipe on
      the vitrectomy-canula or-for the bimanual technique-by a special hand-piece with
      infusion and fiber optic illumination. The infusion-canula in the hand-piece can
      be replaced by a micro-scissor with infusion-channel. Despite the motor the whole
      system can be easy cleaned and sterilized.

PMID- 1082254
TI  - Vitreoretinal juncture; healing of experimental wounds.
AB  - Healing of mechanically-induced, minimal wounds of vitreoretinal juncture in non
      vascularized retina of rabbits was studied with electron microscopy at 1 and 3
      days, and 1, 2, 6 and 10 weeks. Neuroectodermal scar was formed by two processes,
      each having a specific anatomical relationship to wound. Accessory gliocytosis,
      in which accessory glia adjacent to wound become phagocytic and proliferate;
      following this their progeny migrate to wound and progressively differentiate
      into fibrous astrocytes to fill in the wound proper. Plexiform gliosis, in which
      the Muller cell side branches proliferate to form a layer about the perimeter of
      wound. The retinal inner limiting lamina did not regenerate. The significance of
      these findings in relation to epiretinal membrane formation in man is discussed.

PMID- 1082255
TI  - Provoked iris ischaemia in the rabbit. I. Clinical and histopathological
      examinations.
AB  - Various surgical procedures were performed on albino rabbits, which impaired
      anterior segment blood circulation. Our early and late clinical observations
      showed a consequent development of anterior-segment ischaemia into anterior
      segment necrosis. The significance of different surgical procedures for resulting
      complications is discussed. Histopathological observations showed ischaemic
      changes in the anterior segment: iris and ciliary body atrophy, cataract
      formation, rubeosis iridis. Even though changes in the anterior segment were not
      observed on biomicroscopic examination in the cases with ligation of one LPCA,
      histological studies revealed different degrees of sectoral iris atrophy with
      minor rubeosis.

PMID- 1082256
TI  - An electron microscopic study on the blood-optic nerve and fluid-optic nerve
      barrier.
AB  - Utilizing horseradish peroxidase as a tracer, electron microscopic studies were
      done on the blood-optic nerve and fluid-optic nerve barrier to the peroxidase
      diffusion. Following intravenous injection the peroxidase was observed to fill
      the lumen of the capillaries of the laminar, prelaminar and orbital portions of
      the optic nerve but there was no penetratation of the capillary walls. The
      obstruction of the tracer diffusion out of capillary walls was attributed to the
      tight junctions between the endothelial cells. Peroxidase penetration was also
      absent in the capillaries of the pia and dura mater, however, was observed in
      pinocytotic vesicles of the endothelial cells. Lateral diffusion from the
      surrounding choroid into the optic nerve was detected but diffusion from the
      prelaminar optic nerve into the juxta-optic nerve retina was prevented by the
      Kuhnt intermediary tissue. Tight junctions which prevented peroxidase diffusion
      were found between the glial cells of the Kuhnt tissue, and this tissue was the
      barrier between the prelaminar optic nerve and the juxta-optic nerve retina.
      Peroxidase which was given into the lateral ventricle of the brain appeared in
      the subarachnoidal space around the optic nerve and penetrated freely into the
      optic nerve. The pial surface of the optic nerve possess no barrier activity.
      Peroxidase could be traced along the intercellular space between glial cells and
      optic nerve fibers. The basal lamina of the optic nerve capillaries was filled
      with peroxidase but diffusion into the capillary lumen was obstructured by the
      tight junctions between the endothelial cells.

PMID- 1082257
TI  - [The effect of repeated adrenaline application on intraocular pressure and pupil
      in the rabbit (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of single and repeated topical application of adrenaline on the
      intraocular pressure and pupil in the rabbit eye was studied using a 2%
      adrenaline borate and a commercial preparation of 2% adrenaline hydrochloride. On
      the first day, the hydrochloride gave a more pronounced pressure reduction and
      pupil diladation than the borate. This was found to be due to the benzalkonium
      chloride in the chloride preparation causing a better permeability of the
      adrenaline into the eye. From the second to the fifth day of adrenaline treatment
      a marked pressure decrease was found from the previous application of the day
      before. The following adrenaline application gave a hypertensive phase of
      intraocular pressure lasting two or three hours and a subsequent hypotensive
      phase lasting more than 24 hrs. The pupil diladation on the second and following
      days of treatment was not essentially different from the first day considering
      the observation period of two hours. The hypertensive phase could not be
      influenced by intravenous or intramuscular propranolol, however, the topical
      application of propranolol inhibited it completely. Some aspects of adrenergic
      regulation of the intraocular pressure are discussed.

PMID- 1082258
TI  - Intravitreal oxacillin in experimental staphylococcal endophthalmitis.
AB  - We compared combined intravitreal and systemic oxacillin to combined
      subconjunctival and systemic oxacillin in the treatment of experimental
      staphylococcal endophthalmitis. Intravitreal injection of 500 mcg was nontoxic to
      all intraocular structures and produced concentrations in the vitreous
      bactericidal to all susceptible strains of Staphylococcus aureus for almost 24
      hours. In eyes treated 8, 10, and 12 hours after intravitreal inoculation of
      10000 to 20000 penicillinase-producing S. aureus organisms, intravitreal
      injection of 500 mcg of oxacillin was superior to subconjunctival injection of
      100 mg when each was combined with seven days of intensive intramuscular
      oxacillin.

PMID- 1082259
TI  - [Spectrophotometric studies for the demonstration of chromo-proteins and
      bilirubin in the eye (author's transl)].
AB  - Following intravenous injection we could demonstrate spectrophotometrically that
      in the rabbit chromo-proteins like hemoglobin and myoglobin as well as bilirubin
      are present in anterior chamber fluid, lens and vitreous body. We did not try yet
      to study the dynamics of these substances in relation to time and their
      quantitative distribution. Our findings, however, suggest a relationship between
      the concentration of these substances in the different parts of the eye and the
      serum. In lens, vitreous body and the anterior chamber fluid of patients dying
      with jaundice we also were able to demonstrate bilirubin spectrophotometrically.

PMID- 1082260
TI  - [Dark adaptation in achromats (mathematical analysis) (author's transl)].
AB  - The integral dark adaptation curves of 10 complete acromats, 4 incomplete
      achromats and 11 normal subjects were compared using regression analysis. Neither
      in achromats nor in normal subjects a kink could be proven by this method. The
      final threshold of the mean dark adaptation curve of the complete achromats is
      slightly elevated. This may be explained by the fact that the group comprised 6
      children.

PMID- 1082261
TI  - [Transport of 131J-iodo-o-hippurate and 22Na out of the retroretinal space in
      experimental non rhegmatogenous detachment of the retina (author's transl)].
AB  - A model of an experimental arhegmatogenous retinal detachment is presented, to
      allow the measurement of the transport of radioactive labeled substances out of
      the subretinal space. Experiments were performed on 19 male cats. 131I-iodo-o
      hippurate and 22Na were used as test substances. There was no significant
      difference between the rate of disappearance of 131I-hippurate  if injected
      retroretinally or intravitreally. The rate of disappearance of 131I-hippurate
      could be slowed down by intravenous infusion of penicillin-G. The rate of
      disappearance  of 22Na following retroretinal injection is not only slower than
      the rate of disappearance of 22Na injected intravitreally, but significantly
      slower than the rate of disappearance of 131I-hippurate. For graphic analysis
      ("curve peeling") of the terms embodied in the curves, more densly situated
      points of measurements will be necessary. Then the experimental model will serve
      well to analyze the components influencing the transport of labeled sodium out of
      the  subretinal space.

PMID- 1082262
TI  - [Influence of occlusion of retinal vessels on the transport of 22Na and 131J-iodo
      o-hippurate out of the subretinal space (experiments performed on cats) (author's
      transl)].
AB  - By means of microsurgical technique and under the control of the ophthalmoscope
      300 mul of isotone solution of NaCl with 22Na or o-131J-iodo-hippuric acid were
      injected into the space between the retina and pigment epithelium of 28
      narcotized tomcats after having closed the inferior retina vessels by
      photocoagulation about 1 hr before in an umber of the animals. With 22Na we could
      demonstrate that the retinal vessels influence the speed of the transport of
      substances out of the space between retina and pigment epithelium: When the
      retina vessels are closed, the transport is decelerated. The same experiments
      with o-131J-iodo-hippuric acid did not show any difference between the eyes with
      coagulated vessels and those with open ones. We cannot answer the question,
      whether sodium is transported in a mono-directional flux out of the space between
      retina and pigment epithelium (probably followed by water), or if there is simply
      an exchange between 22Na out of this space with 22Na of the blood.

PMID- 1082263
TI  - The influence of bretylium tosylate on the intraocular pressure of the rabbit.
AB  - Bretylium tosylate was applied topically and intravitreously to rabbit eyes. The
      topical application of 1, 2, 5 and 10% bretylium tosylate gave a small but
      significant decrease of the intraocular pressure 6 hrs after treatment. The
      effects had disappeared, when the eyes were re-examined after 24 hrs. The
      intravitreous injection of 200 mug of bretylium tosylate caused a more pronounced
      and prolonged pressure decrease. The results are interpreted in the light of
      chemical sympathectomy.

PMID- 1082264
TI  - [Questions concerning the effect by diazepam (Faustan) in the EOG (author's
      transl)].
AB  - After oral medication of Faustan the EOG curve demonstrates: 1. a potential
      reduction throughout all 25 min of investigation; 2. an abnormal curve during
      dark time in several cases; 3. an inverse reaction in 7 persons.

PMID- 1082265
TI  - [Acquired and congenital monocular pendular nystagmus. A comparative
      electronystagmographic study of two cases (author's transl)].
AB  - Comparative analysis of two cases of monocular pendular nystagmus (MPN). The
      nystagmus was acquired in one case of multiple sclerosis, and congenital in the
      other patient who had achromatopsia. A postsaccadic inhibition of 0.6-1 sec
      duration was seen only in the case of acquired MPN. All the other characteristics
      of the acquired and congenital monocular nystagmus were identical. The waveform
      of the nystagmus was sinusoidal, triangular or mixed. There was no modification
      of the MPN by eye position or by smooth pursuit. The nustagmus was inhibited by
      lid closure. Oscillopsia was reported by both patients. A peculiar disturbance of
      the sensorimotor feedback loop of the visual system is discussed as the possible
      common pathogenesis of acquired and congenital pendular nystagmus.

PMID- 1082266
TI  - [Posttraumatic unilateral aphakia and contact lens -binocular functions of grown
      ups].
AB  - The binocular results are only subnormal and comparable to former squinting
      patients. The results are better if one succeeds in reaching a visual acuity of
      at least 1.0. One can try to prevent a divergence by prescribing a contact lens
      as early as possible. Presbyopic patients have better binocular functions because
      the lost accommodation is the most interfering component (factor). It has
      disadvantageous effects especially on those patients who are yet presbyopic. The
      aniseikonia is in contrary to this not an as important interfering factor.

PMID- 1082267
TI  - [Fixation disparity under various test-conditions (author's transl)].
AB  - Measurements of fixation disparity and Panum areas were performed with a special
      device of the phase-difference haploscope in normal persons. There was a
      reproduceable influence on fixation disparity and size of Panum areas, when the
      conditions of examination were changed (position of the binocular fusion-pattern,
      brightness and contrast of the targets for sensory fusion and time of prism
      wearing). There found we found only under comparable conditions a quantitative
      relationship between the two phenomenons.

PMID- 1082268
TI  - [Beginning atrophy of the eye bulb. An echographic-histologic comparative study
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In 21 cases of beginning atrophy of the eye bulb, ultrasongraphy revealed
      abnormal echoes reflected by equatorial and preequatorial parts of the bulbar
      shell. In addition, ultrasonography revealed a shortening of the bulbar axis by
      0.88 mm and a thickening of the retroequatorial sclera up to 2.1 mm on an
      average. By correlation of the echogram and microscopic sections the presumption
      of an edema of the peripheral choroid and the ciliary body could be verified in 6
      cases. Thus echography makes possible an earlier diagnosis of beginning bulbar
      atrophy than does the clinical symtomatology. In such cases surgical procedures
      for improvement of hypotony are useless or even detrimental.

PMID- 1082270
TI  - Modified iridocycloretraction in the surgery of alphakic glaucoma.

PMID- 1082269
TI  - [Clinical, light- and electron-microscopic investigations on the effect of 5
      ethyl-2-deoxyuridine (EDU) in herpes simplex keratitis in rabbits (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Morphologic changes in rabbit cornea accompanying herpes simplex keratitis
      especially under the treatment of ethyldeoxyuridine (EDU) are summarized in
      regard to clinical aspects, light microscopy and electron microscopy. Untreated
      eyes show virus-dependent characteristic changes of the cell structure:
      peripheral migration of the cell chromatin, swelling of the nucleus, and
      disappearance of the nucleolus are persistent. In the nucleus as well as in the
      cytoplasm mature and immature virus particles are visible which demonstrate the
      normal virus-replication course. In the EDU treated cornea these particular
      changes are observed only in the primary stage. After prolonged treatment in the
      nucleus of the infected cells there are only immature virus particles with
      optically empty center. This can be evaluated as a sign of inhibition of the
      normal replication. No virus formation was detected in the cytoplasm. After 7 day
      treatment of EDU, the corneal epithelium is almost of normal structural
      appearance. Accordingly, the present results on the rabbit seem to correlate well
      with the reported therapeutic antiherpetic studies in the human cornea.

PMID- 1082271
TI  - Ring-shaped alkali burns of the rabbit cornea. Epithelial and endothelial
      changes.
AB  - Rabbit corneas were burned by touching their surfaces with rings of Whatman No. 1
      chromatographic paper soaked in 1N NaOH. The corneal epithelium and endothelium
      were studied by impregnating flat sections with McGovern's and Jabonero's silver
      stains. Immediate destruction as well as regeneration of both cellular layers is
      described.

PMID- 1082272
TI  - [Experimental study of the problem of retinal ischemia (author's transl)].
AB  - Survival and revival time of the retina in animal experiments are essentially
      dependent upon whether total ischemia occurs or not. Using the so-called
      barbiturate effect in the electroretinogram as a functional criterion, complete
      ischemia can be shown to take place in rabbit and cat at intraocular pressures of
      100 mm Hg. At somewhat lower pressures, which already cause alterations of the
      ERG a remarked barbiturate effect can be observed, indicating the persistance of
      a certain amount of remaining blood flow. Possible mechanisms of the barbiturate
      effect in the retina are discussed.

PMID- 1082273
TI  - [Experimental chorioretinitis in rabbits induced by homologous and heterologous
      photoreceptor outer segments (author's transl)].
AB  - Experiments with 73 GrCh rabbits showed, that both homologous and heterologous
      (bovine) photoreceptor outer segments (ROS) induce chorioretinitic diseases of
      the same kind. The findings refer to questions of localization and efficiency of
      homologous and heterologous (bovine) pathogenic ROS antigens.

PMID- 1082274
TI  - [Structure of the vitreous body over areas with lattice degeneration of the
      retina (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical examination of the vitreous in the extreme fundus periphery is
      difficult; therefore only very little was known up to now about the relations of
      the posterior limiting membrane of the vitreous and the preretinal tract to
      retinal lattice degenerations arranged parallel to the ora serrata in several
      rows. There will be reports of new findings gained by depression biomicroscopy.

PMID- 1082275
TI  - [Problem of scattered light in the localized stimulation of the retina (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In attempting local retinal stimulation of an intact eye the generation of
      scattered light cannot be prevented, but it can be sufficiently reduced by a
      suitable selection of stimulus parameters, especially of stimulus luminance and
      facial field luminance, of stimulus size and exposition time. By investigating
      the most important sources of scattered light, e.g. inhomogenities in the
      dioptric media, reflections at refracting surfaces, diffraction at the pupil
      borders, and the distribution of scattered light in the retina it becomes
      possible to develop indications for the construction of a focal optical
      stimulator.

PMID- 1082276
TI  - [Lesion of the retinal fatty acids following intravitreal injection of iron. An
      experimental study on the retinal lesions in cases of siderosis bulbi (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In this study the alterations of the pattern of the fatty acids of the retinal
      phosphatides after intravitreal injection of ferrous ammonium sulphate are
      treated. In vitro and in vivo a significant decrease of the highly unsaturated
      fatty acids of the C22 type occurs. This lesion spreads from the region of direct
      contact between iron and retina towards the periphery within 24 hs. The
      reliability of the experiment is ensured by the proof of analogous changes in
      human globes affected with siderosis. Finally, the production of lipid peroxides
      as a cause of the breakdown of the retinal function is discussed.

PMID- 1082277
TI  - Application of inexpensive equipment for high pressure liquid chromatography to
      assays for taurine, gamma-amino butyric acid, and 5-hydroxytryptophan.

PMID- 1082278
TI  - An analysis of muscle weight variations in the hindlimbs of Rana esculenta.
AB  - Dry weights of 24 muscles of the left and of the right hindlimbs in 63 frogs
      (Rana esculenta) are determined. By means of factor analysis is calculated which
      part of the variance in a muscle's weight can be accounted for by common factors
      and which part by the characteristics of the muscle itself. The main results are:
      1. Body size (factor 1) accounts for more than 90% of the variance in all the
      heavier muscles and more than 64% in the eight lighter muscles. 2. Since only one
      single common factor is found, no separate groups of highly correlated muscle
      weights are present in the frog's hindlimb. 3. A decrease in the number of fibers
      is coupled with an increase in the residual variance of a muscle. 4. Left and
      right identic muscles follow the same variation-pattern. Two models for muscle
      development are discussed: 1. A model in which the innervation of the muscle
      determines the number of fibers. 2. A model in which clumping play an important
      role.

PMID- 1082279
TI  - Case history number 88: gas embolism during encephalography.

PMID- 1082280
TI  - Agammaglobulinemia in a horse with evidence of functional T lymphocytes.
AB  - Agammaglobulinemia was diagnosed in a 1-year-old Thoroughbred horse on the basis
      of the following observations: (1) absence of serum immunoglobulins M, A, and
      G(T); (2) small amounts of serum immunoglobulin G (16 mg/100 ml); (3) absence of
      specific antibody in the serum of the horse following immunization and challenge
      exposure to 2 antigens; (4) absence of plasma cells, primary follicles, and
      germinal centers in a lymph node removed after antigenic stimulation; (5) absence
      of "natural" serum antibodies to rabbit-erythrocytes which were easily detectable
      in age-matched control horse serums; and (6) increased susceptibility to
      infections. There was evidence of functional cell-mediated immunity which
      included a skin response to injected phytolectins, skin response to antigen
      challenge following sensitization, and in vitro proliferative response of lymph
      node cells to phytohemagglutinin. An intact cell-mediated immune response was
      also supported by the observation that the horse lived to 17 months of age
      without antibody production, whereas horses with an absence of both antibody
      production and cell-mediated immunity (combined immunodeficiency) die by 4 months
      of age without immunologic intervention. The known features of agammaglobulinemia
      in this horse are similar to those in sex-linked agammaglobulinemia in persons
      and are unique among the immunodeficiences described in other animals.

PMID- 1082281
TI  - Distributions of immunoglobulin-containing cells in alimentary tract, spleen, and
      mesenteric lymph node of the pig demonstrated by peroxidase-conjugated antiserums
      to porcine immunoglobulins G, A, and M.
AB  - Peroxidase-conjugated antibody to porcine immunoglobulins A, G, and M were used
      in a light microscope study of the distribution of immunoglobulins and
      immunoglobulin-containing cells in alimentary tract, spleen, and mesenteric lymph
      node of the pig. Largest populations of plasma cells staining for each of the 3
      immunoglobulin classes were demonstrated in the lamina propria of the intestinal
      tract. Immunoglobulin A cells were most numerous, and immunoglobulin A and M
      cells each outnumbered immunoglobulin G cells which were, however, present in
      considerable numbers. Both immunoglobulins A and M were demonstrated in
      intestinal crypt epithelial cells, indicating they have similar intracellular
      secretion pathways. Porcine spleen and mesenteric lymph node seem to have a minor
      role in immunoglobulin synthesis.

PMID- 1082282
TI  - A new deficient variant of alpha1-antitrypsin (MDUARTE). Inability to detect the
      heterozygous state by antitrypsin phenotyping.
AB  - A new molecular variant of alpha1-antitrypsin was discovered in the family of a
      woman with severe antitrypsin deficiency and bullous emphysema. The variant
      resembles the Z variant in most respects in that it results in severe antitrypsin
      deficiency with the homozygous state and intermediate deficiency with the
      heterozygous state, and is associated with diastase-resistant, periodic acid
      Schiff-positive globules in the liver cells. It differs from the usual Z variant,
      however, by having normal mobility on acid-starch electrophoresis so that the
      heterozygous state with the normal M form cannot be distinguished by phenotyping
      procedures on either acid-starch or alkaline-agarose electrophoresis. The variant
      has been labeled MDUARTE. A review of phenotype patterns in all patients
      previously classified as having a homozygous ZZ phenotype reveals extra, fast
      moving bands on acid-starch suggestive of an MDUARTEZ heterozygous state in 7.9
      per cent of such cases. When intermediate antitrypsin deficiency occurs in the
      presence of a normal phenotype pattern, one must consider that the patient has
      inherited either a null gene for antitrypsin synthesis or an MDUARTE variant.

PMID- 1082283
TI  - Classification of bronchial lymphocytes from nonsmokers and smokers.
AB  - The population of lymphocytes obtained by endobronchial lavage is significantly
      different from the distribution of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Both B
      and T lymphocytes are found in fluids lavaged from the normal human lung. Of the
      lymphocytes that can be classified, the T cell population is larger than the B
      cell population in both nonsmokers and cigarette smokers, whereas a further
      increment in T cells is noted in smokers. A third population of unclassified
      lymphocytes, the "null" cells, also comprise a large portion of the lymphocyte
      population in both smokers and nonsmokers. Their significance has yet to be
      determined.

PMID- 1082284
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass in Jehovah's Witnesses: review of 46 patients.
AB  - The hemodilution technique for cardiopulmonary bypass using blood substitutes for
      priming has permitted open heart operations in Jehovah's Witnesses who refuse to
      accept blood, and has reduced the need for massive blood transfusion in certain
      procedures including aortocoronary bypass. A series of 46 Jehovah's Witness
      patients underwent aortocoronary bypass procedures. Of these, two patients died,
      representing a mortality of 4.3 per cent. Neither patient's death was related to
      lack of blood transfusions. The hospital stay and recovery time of all the other
      patients was not affected by failure to transfuse blood. The excellent short- and
      long-term results of this particular group paralleled those observed in our
      larger series of over 2700 other patients who have undergone coronary bypass
      surgery since 1969. Among these patients not of the Jehovah's Witness religion,
      blood transfusion was not necessary in about 30 per cent, while the remainder
      averaged less than two units per patient. Our results with Jehovah's Witness
      patients encourage our policy of avoiding blood transfusions whenever possible in
      all operations. Further justification for our conservative attitude is provided
      by the current shortage of blood in relation to a projected continuous increase
      of aortocoronary bypass procedures in the future.

PMID- 1082285
TI  - Diagnosis and management of occult gastrointestinal bleeding: visualization of
      the small bowel lumen by fiberoptic colonoscope.
AB  - In 95 per cent of patients, the source of gastrointestinal bleeding can be
      determined by the usual roentgenographic and endoscopic methods. In the remaining
      five per cent of patients, the source of bleeding is obscure and special
      diagnostic procedures will be necessary. Among the special procedures that have
      been reported are the fluorescein string test, stepwise aspiration of intestinal
      contents, detection of radioactive red blood cells by stepwise aspiration, Geiger
      counter or scanning, and selective visceral angiography. An additional procedure,
      reported here, combines exploratory celiotomy with total endoscopic examination
      of the bowel.

PMID- 1082286
TI  - Fleck (Mouchetee) dystrophy of the cornea.
AB  - Five families, four Caucasian and one Negro (14 patients) with fleck (speckled or
      Mouchetee) dystrophy of the cornea are presented. In each, the typical
      presentation of fine scattered fleck-like dystrophic lesions was found throughout
      all layers of the central and peripheral corneal stroma but not affecting the
      epithelium, Bowman's membrane, Descemet's membrane or the endothelium. Clear
      stroma was noted between each lesion. Visual acuity in all patients was normal or
      only slightly affected. Except for an occasional patient with minor photophobia,
      almost all patients found affected with this dystrophy were asymptomatic in
      regard to their corneal condition. There was no decrease in corneal sensitivity
      noted in any patient. All families displayed evidence of an autosomal dominant
      hereditary pattern and progression of the dystrophy is slow and benign in
      character.  With the exception of one family with atopic disease, no systemic
      organic illness was noted by histroy in all of the families. Laboratory screening
      of 2 of the 5 families showed no abnormalities of any systemic metabolic
      disorders. The characteristic clinical picture and favorable prognosis of this
      condition enables one to easily differentiate this condition from other known
      parenchymatous corneal dystrophies. The incidence of this condition is probably
      much more common than the reported cases in the literature might indicate.

PMID- 1082287
TI  - Diagnostic and therapeutic vitrectomy for endophthalmitis.
AB  - The introduction of a compact portable vitreous suction cutter enables the
      aspiration and resection of infected ocular tissues for diagnostic and
      therapeutic purposes. Four cases of postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis are
      presented in which mechanical anterior vitrectomy was performed in addition to
      conventional antimicrobial therapy. Three of these eyes were saved and 2 retained
      the possibility of useful vision. A rationale for the aggressive managements of
      endophthalmitis is presented.

PMID- 1082288
TI  - Haemophilus influenzae as a cause of salpingitis.
AB  - A case is reported of acute unilateral salpingitis, the cause of which was
      Haemophilus influenzae cultured from a pus sample taken from the infected
      Fallopian tube during laparotomy. The significance of the findings is discussed
      with reference to the literature.

PMID- 1082289
TI  - The relationship between the T-helper cell and the T-cell involved in the delayed
      hypersensitivity.
AB  - The common cell type involved in the humoral and cellular responses is the T
      cell. Functionally the T-cell, active in the humoral response, is known as
      Thelper (Th), the T-cell active in the cellular response as Tcellular (Tc). The
      present experiments are used to study the relationship between Tc and Th. IP
      immunization, with suboptimal doses of antigen, did not result in antibody
      formation but induced both a DH (equals Tc) and a Th population. Th and Tc
      activity changed in a similar way with increasing doses of antigen. Spleen cells
      taken from mice, which were immunized under conditions which only invoke cellular
      activity, were able to function even in small numbers as Th in transfer
      experiments. Educated thymus cells and cells obtained from cortisone or CY
      treated donor mice had an increased Th and Tc activity when transferred into
      irradiated recipients. Education in the presence of a high antigen dose reduced
      both activities below control levels. Cross reactivity between HRBC and SRBC in
      the hormoral response is known to be at the Th level. It was demonstrated that
      this cross reactivity also exists at the Tc level. Induction of DH with one
      antigen acted as pre-immunization, for the humoral response, on the cross
      reactive antigen too. These results suggest a correlation between the T-cells
      involved in DH and the Th for antibody formation.

PMID- 1082290
TI  - Effect of stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the surface-charge of
      mouse B-lymphocytes.
AB  - Nude spleen (B) cells were cultivated in vitro in a serum-free medium, without or
      with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and their surface-charge was measured by cell
      electrophoresis. In the absence of LPS, surface-charge did not vary significantly
      with time, whereas, in the presence of LPS a biphasic modification was observed.
      Thus, after 4 hours of culture with LPS, surface-charge was diminished by 14%.
      Subsequently, when DNA synthesis and blast formation were activated, it increased
      by up to 19-23% over control value, whether LPS was present continuously in the
      medium or had been eliminated by washing after 4 hours of incubation.

PMID- 1082291
TI  - Migration of intramediastinally injected thymocytes in draining nodes.
AB  - The present study investigated the migration, in the lymph node, of cells
      entering the organ via the subcapsular sinus. Thymocytes of rats were labelled
      with 3H-thymidine and injected into the mediastinal cavity of syngeneic
      recipients. These animals were sacrificed at various intervals after injection.
      Five minutes after injection, labelled cells were found in the subcapsular sinus,
      and even in the peripheral cortex, of the draining mediastinal lymph nodes. The
      overall of the radioautographic observations reveals a migration of cells from
      the peripheral cortex towards the deep cortex, and into the medullary cords. The
      observations indicate that such migration can occur in less than 12 hours.
      Nevertheless, six hours after the injection, some labelled cells had escaped
      already the draining nodes and migrated into the other lymphoid organs. It is a
      fact that some of our results suggest that cells may pass directly from the
      subcapsular into the medullary sinuses without previously migrating into the
      nodal parenchyma. As to folliculo-nodules and pseudo-follicles, they exhibited
      relatively few labelled cells. Moreover, some of our findings indicated that cell
      migration was much slower in the pseudo-follicles than in the extrafollicular
      zone.

PMID- 1082292
TI  - Microdilution technique for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Haemophilus
      influenzae.
AB  - A microdilution method incorporating the use of color-defined growth end points
      was compared with a conventional broth tube dilution procedure for susceptibility
      testing of Haemophilus influenzae with ampicillin and chloramphenicol. The
      microdilution method allowed rapid performance of dilution susceptibility tests
      with easily defined end points.

PMID- 1082293
TI  - Influences of media and inocula on the in vitro susceptibility of Haemophilus
      influenzae to co-trimoxazole, ampicillin, penicillin, and chloramphenicol.
AB  - The effects of inocula and media on the activities of ampicillin, penicillin,
      chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole against Haemophilus influenzae were examined
      in vitro. Two inocula and four media were tested by the disk diffusion, broth
      dilution, and agar dilution methods. Chloramphenicol activity versus H.
      influenzae was least affected by changes in inocula and media, whereas co
      trimoxazole was most susceptible to these effects. Filde's and Levinthal's agar
      dilution tests were most satisfactory for ampicillin. Penicillin was less active
      on Levinthal's than on Filde's agar. Both ampicillin and penicillin were less
      active when tested against the higher inoculum. Co-trimoxazole was most active
      (<1% H. influenzae was resistant) when tested at an inoculum of 10(6) colony
      forming units/ml on diagnostic susceptibility test agar with 5% lysed horse blood
      added. The majority of H. influenzae appeared resistant to co-trimoxazole with
      increases in the test inocula and/or when tested on brain heart infusion with
      Filde's, Levinthal's or "low-thymidine" Mueller-Hinton medium.

PMID- 1082294
TI  - The degradation of paracetamol (4-hydroxyacetanilide) and other substituted
      acetanilides by a Penicillium species.
AB  - A mould which was isolated from a solution of paracetamol was identified as a
      Penicillium species and was found to possess the ability to utilise a series of
      substituted acetanilides, including paracetamol (4-hydroxyacetanilide),
      phenacetin (4-ethoxyacetanilide) and metacetamol (3-hydroxyacetanilide) as sole
      carbon sources for growth. Studies with washed-cell suspensions indicated that
      growth of the Penicillium isolate in the presence of paracetamol induced the
      respective enzyme systems for the degradation of this compound. Manometric
      studies measuring oxygen uptake rates, indicated that the mould was capable of
      degrading paracetamol to acetate and 4-aminophenol. Acetate was further
      metabolised whilst 4-aminophenol accumulated in the growth medium and was
      subsequently i-entified by UV spectroscopy and thin-layer chromatography. Similar
      experiments with phenacetin indicated metabolism by the mould to acetate and 4
      ethoxyaniline which was isolated and identified by subsequent analysis of the
      growth medium. However, unlike 4-aminophenol and 4-ethoxyaniline, the degradation
      product (3-aminophenol) from metacetamol metabolism was further degraded by the
      mould.

PMID- 1082295
TI  - RNA synthesis during zoospore germination in the water mold Allomyces arbuscula.
AB  - The major classes of RNA (rRNA, mRNA, tRNA) start to be synthesized
      simultaneously in the zoospore of Allomyces soon after the onset of germination.
      Especially during cyst formation and germ tube emergence, the synthesis of mRNA
      and tRNA is prominent whereas that of rRNA proceeds slowly. The transcription
      products of these early stages are needed for the subsequent initiation of hypha
      formation.

PMID- 1082296
TI  - Improvements of the membrane filter method for DNA:rRNA hybridization.
AB  - We describe and recommend the following improvements of DNA:rRNA membrane filter
      hybridization methods. One of our aims was to avoid DNA release from filter discs
      during hybridization. 1. Our hybridization conditions are 2 SSC in aq. dest.,
      with 20% formamide, 50 C, overnight for 16 hr. 2. Duplexing is over in 8-10 hr.
      3. Formamide has to be very pure (O.D. less than or equal to 0.2/cm light path at
      270 nm). 4. RNAase treatment: 250 mug/5 ml 2 SSC/filter at 37 C for 1 hr. 5. Our
      conditions for stepwise thermal denaturation are: 5 degrees C steps from 50 C to
      90 C in 1.5 SSC in 20% formamide. 6. Single-stranded DNA, fixed on membrane
      filters, and stored in vacuo at 4C can be used reliably for hybridization for up
      to 20 months. 7. Concentrated DNA in 0.1 SSC, quick-frozen at -50 C and stored at
      -90 C for up to 2 years can be used for hybridization without much change. 8. A
      CsCl gradient purification step yields much purer DNA, but increases the release
      of DNA from filters by about 20%. Filters with 20% more DAN is a compensation. 9.
      rRNA can be stored for 20 months in SSC or 2 SSC at -12 C without changing the
      hybridization results.

PMID- 1082297
TI  - A genetic study of tolerance and resistance to colicin A in Citrobacter freundii.
AB  - Colicin A-insensitive mutants of Citrobacter freundii were isolated and grouped
      into six phenotypic classes characterized by sensitivity, insensitivity or
      partial insensitivity to the bacteriocins S6, DF 13 and colicin A, and
      sensitivity or insensitivity to deoxycholate (DOC) and ampicillin. Mapping by the
      gradient-of-transmission method revealed the chromosomal regions in which the
      responsible genes are situated. Res-3 mapped near pur between pur and thr; Tol-5
      mapped between aro and ilv and Tol-4 between gal and pur; Tol-1, Tol-2 and Tol-3
      are situated close to gal. All the mutations that mapped near gal rendered the
      bacteria more sensitive to DOC and ampicillin. Complementation analysis with E.
      coli plasmids showed that the three phenotypic groups that map near gal were
      complemented by E. coli plasmids and fall into three complementation groups. Two
      of these are quivalent with the tol A and tol B genes in E. coli.

PMID- 1082298
TI  - Halteromyces, a new genus in the Mucorales.
AB  - Halteromyces radiatus is described as a new genus and species in the order
      Mucorales. The genus is referred to the family Mucoracease and has close
      affinities to the genus Absidia. The fungus grows readily in pure culture. The
      asexual structures are described; no sexual structures have been found despite
      extensive contrasts with members of the genus Absidia and Gongronella.

PMID- 1082299
TI  - Additional notes on species of Aspergillus, Eurotium and Emericella from Egyptian
      desert soil.
AB  - Aspergillus floriformis, A. pseudodeflectus, Eurotium xerophilum (st. con. A.
      xerophilus) and Emericella purpurea (st. con. A. purpureus) are described and
      illustrated as new species. In addition the morphology of strains identified as
      Aspergillus melleus, A. caespitosus and A. versicolor is discussed.

PMID- 1082300
TI  - On the subdivision of the genus Ceratocystis.
AB  - The desirability is discussed of a subdivison of the genus Ceratocystis into a
      group characterized by the presence of a phialidic conidial state, and a group in
      which the conidia are usually produced exogenously. Corroborative evidence for
      this arrangement is found in the carbohydrate constitution of the cells: in all
      examined species of the former group (Ceratocystis s. str.) rhamnose and
      cellulose are absent, whereas in the latter both components are present
      (Ophiostoma H. et P. Sydow).

PMID- 1082301
TI  - Trichosporon terrestre sp. nov.
AB  - A single strain representative of an undescribed Trichosporon species, was
      recovered from soil. The cell wall of the strain corresponds in structure to cell
      walls of the ascomycetous yeasts. On the ground of X-ray inactivation data the
      strain is assumed to be diploid. A description of the new species is given.

PMID- 1082303
TI  - Proceedings: General aspects of quality assurance.

PMID- 1082302
TI  - Proceedings: Netherlands society for microbiology symposium on modern
      microbiologica monitoring of processed food. Introduction.

PMID- 1082304
TI  - Proceedings: Microbial safety and stability of food products.

PMID- 1082305
TI  - Proceedings: Hygiene indicator organisms.

PMID- 1082306
TI  - Proceedings: The choice of criteria derived from the types and numbers of harmful
      microorganisms in food.

PMID- 1082307
TI  - Proceedings: The microbiological monitoring of food in the food processing
      industry.

PMID- 1082308
TI  - Proceedings: Statistical aspects of sampling.

PMID- 1082309
TI  - Proceedings: Preparation of sample material for analysis.

PMID- 1082310
TI  - Gastrointestinal hemorrhage from adhesion-related mesenteric varices.
AB  - As a result of this retrospective analysis of hemorrhage from a porta-systemic
      venous shunt occurring within the small intestine, we believe that the early
      diagnosis of the syndrome is strongly suggested by the presence of varices in
      unusual locations demonstrated by the venous phase of mesenteric arteriography.
      In all patients portal hypertension was present, and in all the affected bowel
      was adherent to postoperative adhesions on old suture lines. The syndrome was
      treated variously with lysis of adhesions, bowel resection, or portal-systemic
      shunt. Those patients with excellent hepatic reserve survived and had no further
      gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1082311
TI  - Mesocaval "H" graft using antogenous vein graft.
AB  - A group of 22 patients with bleeding esophageal varices were treated by creating
      mesocaval "H" shunts using autogenous veins as the "H" graft. The right external
      iliac vein was selected as the graft because of its appropriate size in diameter
      and length, its strength and elasticity. Details in operative technique are
      outlined. The age of our patients ranged from 24 to 75 years (average age 49), 19
      patients had preoperative endoscopy, 10 patients received intraarterial pitressin
      drip to control hemorrhage, and surgery was done within 10 days of admission in
      18 patients. There were two postoperative deaths (both patients Childs Class C),
      and very few postoperative problems. Right leg edema was a temporary and minimal
      problem. Encephalopathy was a major problem in only three patients, all of whom
      had poor hepatic reserve preoperatively. There has been no recurrent variceal
      bleeding in any of these patients. Our previous experimental data in dogs
      indicated that the long term patency of these shunts could be assured.

PMID- 1082312
TI  - Peripheral vascular anastomotic aneurysms: a fifteen-year experience.
AB  - A 15-year experience with anastomotic aneurysms resulting from peripheral
      vascular reconstruction is presented. The analysis is divided into three 5-year
      periods. It is obvious from this presentation that the etiology is probably
      caused by suture material, end-to-side anastomosis, proximity of the anastomosis
      to a joint and intimectomy of the recipient artery at the original operative
      procedure. None of the lesions reported herein were associated with graft or
      wound sepsis. Anastomotic aneurysms at the proximal aortic suture line resulted
      in aortoenteric fistulae in 6 of 8 cases. There were no survivors  in these 6
      cases despite successful graft replacement. It is to be emphasized that the
      complication of anastomotic aneurysm still remains a significant complication in
      peripheral vascular surgery with a 1.9% incidence noted in 320 operations
      performed from 1970-1974.

PMID- 1082313
TI  - A controlled surgical approach to annulo-aortic ectasia.
AB  - Annulo-aortic ectasia has attracted much surgical attention in the last 20 years.
      Replacement of the aortic valve and ascending aorta from the valve ring to just
      proximal to the innominate artery eliminates most, if not all, the pathologically
      involved tissue. Composite valve-Dacron tube grafting, plus elective saphenous
      vein grafts from the coronary orifices to the Dacron tube or distal aortic wall,
      provide a safe systematic approach to this entity. A review of surgical
      techniques and a description of a successful case employing this method are
      presented.

PMID- 1082314
TI  - Coronary artery grafting with the saphenous vein or internal mammary artery.
      Comparison of late results in two consecutive series of patients.
AB  - In two series of consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery grafting with
      the saphenous vein or the internal mammary artery (IMA), angiographic studies
      were conducted two weeks and one year after operation. The early patency rate was
      91.8% in 184 vein grafts and 97.4% in 38 IMA grafts. Late patency was 93.1% in
      143 vein grafts and 90.9% in 33 IMA grafts. Thus, the cumulative patency rate at
      one year was 84.9% for vein grafts and 88.3% for IMA grafts. The incidence of
      severe narrowing at the site of anastomosis was 2.2% in vein grafts and 7.9% in
      IMA grafts; the rate of occlusion of the distal limb of the recipient coronary
      artery was, respectively, 4.3 and 7.9%. Diffuse reduction in the caliber of
      grafts at one year was less frequent with IMA grafts (12.7 versus 6.6%). On the
      other hand, blood flow was significantly higher in vein grafts: 67.4 versus 45.2
      ml per minute (p less than 0.001). Blood flow in IMA grafts whose caliber was
      larger than that of the recipient coronary artery was significantly higher than
      flow in IMA grafts with a caliber equal or inferior to that of the coronary
      artery: 63.1 versus 32.7 ml per minute (p less than 0.001). Although cumulative
      patency rates at one year were comparable in both series, because only one-third
      of the IMAs were larger than their recipient coronary arteries, flow was somewhat
      restricted in the other two-thirds. This suggests that the IMA does not
      constitute the better bypass conduit and, unless it is of large caliber,
      preferably should be used in the grafting of small coronary arteries or those
      with limited runoff.

PMID- 1082315
TI  - Comparative hemodynamic properties of vein and mammary artery in coronary bypass
      operations.
AB  - To understand better the observed differences in bypass flows between vein and
      internal mammary artery (IMA) grafts, a technique was devised for anastomosing
      both vein and IMA to the same anterior descending coronary artery in 14 patients.
      In the stable postperfusion state, flows in the two bypass conduits were
      simultaneously recorded as well as pressure relationships in both grafts and the
      left ventricle. The supply/demand ratio for left ventricular performance was
      calculated with respect to the diastolic pressure-time index/tension-time index
      (DPTI/TTI) for each bypass independently and simultaneously and then compared.
      The DPTI/TTI ratio was nearly two times greater with the vein bypass than with
      the IMA. This difference was further confirmed by the flow studies, in which
      blood flow through the vein ranged 2 to 3 times higher than IMA flow to the same
      coronary bed. By present criteria the DPTI/TTI ratio for IMA grafts to the left
      ventricle was inadequate in the majority of patients studied, and atrial pacing
      markedly lowered the DPTI/TTI ratio of the IMA. The choice of vein or IMA as a
      bypass is a critical determinant of the resultant bypass-left ventricular
      DPTI/TTI ratio. Vein bypasses exhibited far superior hemodynamic capability in
      the resting state, and the effect of atrial pacing on the DPTI/TTI ratio in IMA
      vein-left ventricle bypasses confirms this point.

PMID- 1082316
TI  - Intimal hyperplasia. A cause of radial artery aortocoronary bypass graft failure.
AB  - Autogenous radial artery grafts have been advocated for those situations in which
      adequate saphenous vein is not available for aortocoronary bypass procedures. It
      was anticipated that autogenous artery would demonstrate less predilection to
      develop the intimal proliferative changes seen with vein grafts in the arterial
      system. Early clinical experience with 79 patients receiving one or more radial
      artery grafts has shown that the radial artery is not spared occlusive intimal
      proliferative changes. Although early restudy of 6 patients was encouraging, late
      restudy in 29 patients showed 22 of 34 radial artery grafts (64.7%) to be
      unsatisfactory. Recovered grafts from 3 patients who required a second operation
      revealed severe generalized intimal hyperplasia. On the basis of this experience
      we no longer consider the radial artery an alternative conduit for aortocoronary
      bypass.

PMID- 1082317
TI  - The structural study of the saphenous vein.
AB  - From November, 1971, to September, 1974, 1,179 patients received aortocoronary
      saphenous vein bypass grafts at the Cleveland Clinic Hospital. Segments of
      saphenous vein from each patient were sent for microscopical analysis. These vein
      segments were classified as normal or abnormal (phlebosclerotic). Four hundred
      ninety-six normal vein grafts in 295 patients were restudied and had a patency of
      87.9%. One hundred forty-four abnormal vein grafts in 86 patients were restudied
      and showed 89.5% patency. This study suggests that histopathological
      identification of an abnormal (phlebosclerotic) vein segment does not constitute
      a determining factor as far as late patency is concerned in a vein segment that
      is not grossly sclerotic.

PMID- 1082318
TI  - Ascending aorta insertion of the dual-chambered intraaortic balloon for
      counterpulsation during cardiac operations.
AB  - A patient with left ventricular power failure after aortocoronary saphenous vein
      bypass was successfully managed by intraaortic dual-chambered balloon
      counterpulsation through the ascending aorta. This insertion route reverses the
      orientation of the spherical distal chamber, which inflates early in diastole and
      partially occludes the aorta. This position achieved an effective augmentation
      pressure during left ventricular diastole and reduced arterial end-diastolic
      pressure considerably. The technique of insertion and events at operation and
      postoperatively are discussed.

PMID- 1082319
TI  - The lesser saphenous vein. An alternative graft for coronary revascularization.
AB  - In patients with surgically removed or varicose greater saphenous veins and
      atherosclerotic or small internal mammary arteries, or in patients requiring
      three or more coronary bypasses, the lesser saphenous vein can be considered for
      aortocoronary revascularization procedures. Its suitability can be demonstrated
      preoperatively by careful clinical examination and by venography. This report
      describes the successful use of the lesser saphenous vein in 3 patients, with
      long-term follow-up.

PMID- 1082320
TI  - Editorials: Coronary controversy.

PMID- 1082321
TI  - Editorial: Occlusion of coronary grafts--result of injury?

PMID- 1082322
TI  - Improvement in forward coronary blood flow by using a reversed saphenous vein
      with a competent valve.
AB  - Reversed segments of saphenous vein have been the grafts of choice for
      aortocoronary bypass (ACB). Internal mammary arteries and free radial autografts
      have recently been shown to have a higher ppatency rate, but flow is usually
      lower. Normally forward coronary blood flow ceases and retrograde flow occurs
      during cardiac systole. Prevention of retrograde flow with a rapidly acting valve
      proximal to the coronary artery anastomosis should improve forward coronary blood
      flow. Thirty-nine reversed saphenous veins containing a competent valve were
      implanted in 32 patients undergoing ACB. After accurate zero flow was determined
      and a resting state achieved, mean (22 veins) and pulsatile (17 veins) flows were
      measured distal to the valve with the valve competent and temporarily
      incompetent. A competent valve in 10 right coronary artery vein grafts increased
      mean flow by 29.7% (+41 ml/min; p less than 0.005) and pulsatile flow in 6 veins
      by 17.7% (p less than 0.001). A competent valve in 12 left coronary artery vein
      grafts increased mean flow by 31.3% (+34 ml/min; p less than 0.01) and pulsatile
      flow in 11 veins by 13.7% (p less than 0.001). This study suggests that a portion
      of reversed saphenous vein containing a competent valve provides greater coronary
      artery blood flow than veins without valves and may be the conduit of choice for
      coronary artery revascularization.

PMID- 1082323
TI  - A useful instrument for aortocoronary bypass operations.
AB  - A punch biopsy forceps is described that is used to make openings in the aorta
      for anastomosing one end of a saphenous vein graft to the ascending aorta. It can
      be very successful in myocardial revascularization when there is severe
      calcification of the aortic wall.

PMID- 1082324
TI  - Revascularization with little coronary arteries.

PMID- 1082325
TI  - Coexistent lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, pernicious anemia, and
      agammaglobulinemia.
AB  - Immunologic factors have been incriminated in the pathogenesis of lymphoid
      interstitial pneumonia. The discovery of a patient with coexistent lymphoid
      interestitial pneumonia, pernicious anemia, and common variable
      hypogammaglobulinemia focused attention on the possible autoimmune nature of this
      pulmonary disease. Extensive immunologic studies demonstrated a noticeably
      impaired bonemarrow-dependent (B cell) system and intact thymus-dependent (T
      cell) system. No evidence of humoral or cellular hypersensitivity to homologous
      lung determinants was found.

PMID- 1082326
TI  - [Proceedings: Generalized capillary hyalinosis with motor diarrhea, vitamin B12
      malabsorption, protein-losing enteropathy, and hemorrhagic rectitis. A new
      familial disease related to the Urbach-Wiethe disease].

PMID- 1082327
TI  - [Proceedings: Postoperative mortality of emergency portacaval anastomoses in
      patients with cirrhosis].

PMID- 1082328
TI  - [Plasminogen activator and other trypsin-like proteases in the uterus wall and
      their participation on the tissue bleeding (author's transl)].
AB  - In the myometrium and endometrium a content of plasminogen activator and non
      specific trypsin-like proteases was determined. It was ascertained that there was
      a higher level of plasminogen activator in the endometrium during the
      menstruation in the contrary to the first and second phase of the menstrual cycle
      and that both plasminogen activator and non-specific trypsin-like proteases were
      relative higher in Corpusmyometrium than those Cervixmyometrium. The proteases
      present in the fractions of myometriumeluate were able to split casein and
      partially fibrin, too. These activities were not inhibited by epsilon
      aminocaproic acid and aprotinin. The importance of these findings for
      gynaecological bleeding was suggested.

PMID- 1082329
TI  - Infection of human and rhesus lymphoblastoid cells with Herpesvirus macaca.
AB  - The interaction between Herpesvirus macaca and lymphoblastoid cells grown in
      continuous culture, or purified from rhesus blood, was studied as a model for
      latent or chronic herpesvirus infection of leukocytes. Continuous lymphoblastoid
      cell lines infected in vitro were PA3, a human cell line with bone-marrow derived
      (B)-lymphocyte characteristics; LM/DM, a rhesus cell line with B-lymphocyte
      characteristics; and MOLT-4, a human cell line with thymus-derived (T)-lymphocyte
      characteristics. A distinct pattern of interaction was found for each
      lymphoblastoid cell line. A small but stable fraction of cells continued to
      express virus-specific antigens for more than three weeks following infection of
      the B-type lymphoblastoid cell lines of rhesus and human origin. Herpesvirus
      macaca replicated only in PA3 cells. Viral replication did not occur and viral
      antigens were not detected in either peripheral lymphocytes or MOLT-4 cells. The
      observations suggest that Herpesvirus macaca interacts in distinct patterns with
      different lymphoid cell lines in vitro, and that within a given culture,
      subpopulations of lymphoid cells are present at a given time which respond to the
      virus differently.

PMID- 1082330
TI  - Malignant fibrous xanthoma with metastasis to cerebellopontine angle.
AB  - Malignant fibrous xanthoma is an uncommon tumor of histiocytic origin. It is a
      difficult tumor to diagnose, and may have an unpredictable and confusing clinical
      course. The malignant fibrous xanthoma described herein probably represents the
      first reported case of metastasis to the cerebellopontine angle. When properly
      diagnosed, the preferred treatment is wide excision. Metastases are usually to
      the lungs and regional lymph nodes, and portend a poor prognosis. Radiotherapy
      appears to be of little value.

PMID- 1082331
TI  - The results of diagnostic colonoscopy in the management of unexplained bleeding
      from the rectum.
AB  - A consecutive series of 71 colonoscopies performed for unexplained bleeding per
      rectum is reported. All patients had had previous barium enema examinations
      reported as normal. In 26 colonoscopies lesions were detected; there were 12
      cancers and 11 polyps. Twenty-five of these lesions were in the left colon. These
      findings illustrate the value of colonoscopy in supplementing the available
      radiological findings. The sighting of blood at sigmoidoscopy was associated with
      a lesion found on colonoscopy in most instances, whereas the presence of occult
      blood was associated with a lesion in very few. Colonoscopy should be considered
      prior to laparotomy in every case of unexplained blood in the stools.

PMID- 1082332
TI  - Vestibular-ocular accommodation reflex in man.
AB  - Stimulation of the vestibular system by angular acceleration produces widespread
      sensory and motor effects. The present study was designed to study a motor effect
      which has not been reported in the literature, i.e., the influence of rotary
      acceleration of the body on ocular accommodation. The accommodation of 10 young
      men was recorded before and after a high-level deceleration to zero velocity
      following 30 s of rotation. Accommodation was recorded continuously on an
      infrared optometer for 110 s under two conditions; while the subjects observed a
      target set at the far point, and while they viewed the same target through a 0.3
      mm pinhole. Stimulation by high-level rotary deceleration produced positive
      accommodation or a pseudomyopia under both conditions, but the positive
      accommodation was substantially greater and lasted much longer during fixation
      through the pinhole. It is hypothesized that this increase in accommodation is a
      result of a vestibular-ocular accommodation reflex.

PMID- 1082333
TI  - Behavioral, pharmacological, and biochemical analysis of genetic differences in
      rats.

PMID- 1082334
TI  - Animal experimental studies on chronic granulomatous inflammation and T
      lymphocyte-system.
AB  - The presence of lymphocytes in chronic granulomatous inflammations is frequently
      thought to indicate that thymus-dependent cellular immune mechanisms are involved
      in the pathogenesis of such processes. Therefore, in the present studies, a model
      of a granulomatous heaptitis (induced by heat-inactivated group A streptococci)
      was used to determine whether liver granulomata, consisting of macrophages and
      lymphocytes, could also be evoked in neonatally thymectomized or in congenitally
      thymus-deficient nude mice. The morphological (light and electron microscopical,
      immunohistological) investigations were supplemented with selective determination
      of T- and B-lymphocyte function. The thymus-deficient mice, after injection of
      streptococci, developed liver granulomata that did differ neither quanlitatively
      nor quantitatively from those of control animals with thymus. Lymphocytes were
      found within the granulomata in both animal groups. There was no evidence for
      functional disorder of the RES in thymus-deficient mice; on the contrary, RES
      activity seemed to be increased. Phagocytosis of streptococci, their
      intracellular breakdown and streptococcal antigen-degradation occurred as fast or
      faster in such animals. PHA- and LPS-stimulation of spleen lymphocytes indicated
      a considerable depletion of T-cells in neonatally thymectomized mice and a
      complete absence of T-cells in congenitally thymus-deficient nude mice. However,
      radioimmunological determination of antibodies to group A streptococcal
      carbohydrate revealed that both groups of experimental animals possessed
      functionally active B-cells. Therefore, the granulomatous hepatitis described
      here can be defined as a focal reaction of the liver RES with "B-lymphocyte
      trapping". Cellular immune mechanisms are not involved in the pathogenesis of
      these lesions.

PMID- 1082335
TI  - A functional, active transport system for methotrexate in freshly isolated
      hepatocytes.

PMID- 1082336
TI  - Inhibition by nitrobenzylthioinosine of uptake of adenosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine
      and 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyladenine by human and mouse erythrocytes.

PMID- 1082337
TI  - Tryptophan hydroxylase: activation in vivo following stimulation of central
      serotonergic neurons.

PMID- 1082338
TI  - [Prospective study of patients with prolonged fever].
AB  - A prospective study was made in 283 patients who attended IMAN's Children's
      Hospital, with fever the main symptom. A clinical and paraclinical procedure was
      designed for the study of each patient. 112 patients were eliminated because they
      did not follow the established criteria. All patients had acute infectious
      diseases considered trivial; 85% were 3 weeks to 2 years of age. They all had an
      antibacterial treatment without precise diagnosis. It was considered that on
      admission the patients showed a normal course in the natural history of the basic
      disease. The study group included 171 patients 2 months to 13 years of age; 62.5%
      had fever due to infection, 12.2% to collagenopathies, 7% to neoplasias 5.2% to
      miscellaneous causes and 12.8% were not diagnosed. The most common infectious
      causes for prolonged fever were tuberculosis, upper respiratory infections,
      amoebic liver abscess, typhoid fever and malaria. Careful questioning and
      clinical examination were enough to enlighten diagnosis in more than 80% of the
      patients.

PMID- 1082339
TI  - [Histiocytosis. Clinical aspects in childhood].
AB  - The clinical and pathologic features in 11 cases of histiocytosis were reviewed.
      The were 6 cases of Hand-Schuller-Christian, disease 4 cases of Letterer-Siwe and
      1 case of eosinophilic granuloma. The clinical differences among those diseases
      are outlined. We agree with other authors that the symptoms are related in great
      measure to the moment of embryonic differentation in which the proliferation
      occurred. When proliferation is present at an early stage of development of
      macrophage (promonocyte), a more malignant disease appears than when it occurs at
      a later stage (macrophage). The treatment of histiocytosis is briefly outlined.

PMID- 1082340
TI  - [The colony-stimulating-factor activity of normal and pathologic human
      leukocytes].

PMID- 1082341
TI  - Studies on the humoral regulation of granulopoiesis in leukaemic RFM mice.
AB  - Intraperitoneal diffusion chambers have been used to investigate changes in
      humoral factors during the development of myeloid leukaemia in mice. Normal mouse
      bone marrow cells form colonies of granulocytes and macrophages when cultured in
      semi-solid agar medium within intraperitoneal diffusion chambers. The use of mice
      bearing transplanted myeloid leukaemia as Agar Diffusion Chamber (ADC) hosts
      enhances colony formation from normal marrow. The humoral basis for this
      stimulation has been shown by the colony stimulating activity of the fluid
      entering the diffusion chambers when assayed against normal mouse bone marrow
      cells in agar culture in vitro. The stimulus to colony growth in ADCs and the in
      vitro colony stimulating activity depend on the phase in the development of the
      leukaemia investigated, and the stimulation was abolished by splenectomy. There
      was no apparent relationship between the growth of the leukaemic cell population
      in vivo and the level of the stimulating factor detected in leukaemic mice.

PMID- 1082342
TI  - Proceedings: B and T cell membrane markers in human leukaemias and lymphomata.

PMID- 1082343
TI  - Factors influencing prognosis in adults with acute myelogenous leukaemia.
AB  - A study of the thymidine labelling index (TLI) of bone marrow blast cells in 58
      untreated patients with acute myelogenous leukemia showed no correlation with
      remission rate but there was a strong correlation between labelling index and
      remission length in the 21 patients who achieved remission. The median remission
      length of the patients was 33 weeks. Of the 12 patients with initial labelling
      indices greater than 10%, only 2 had remissions longer than 33 weeks whereas 8 of
      the 9 patients with labelling indices less than 10% had remissions longer than 33
      weeks. No correlation could be found between the degree of cytological
      differentiation and remission induction, remission length or survival. No
      correlation was found between the TLI and the degree of cytological
      differentiation. Age and initial platelet count were confirmed to be important
      factors influencing complete remission rate, but these factors did not correlate
      with remission length. Sixteen patients had their pretreatment sera assayed for
      mouse marrow colony stimulating activity and inhibitor levels but there was no
      correlation with subsequent response to treatment, although the number of
      patients examined was clearly too small for any definite conclusions to be drawn.

PMID- 1082344
TI  - Active specific immunotherapy of mouse methylcholanthrene induced tumours with
      Corynebacterium parvum and irradiated tumour cells.
AB  - The relative efficiency of active nonspecific or specific immunotherapy of
      developing methylcholanthrene induced fibrosarcomata with C. parvum was compared.
      For nonspecific immunotherapy, mice were challenged with tumour cells s.c. or
      i.v., and 2 days later injected i.v. with dilutions of C. parvum. The only
      significant effect was a retardation of s.c. tumour growth by the highest
      concentration of C. parvum (350 mug). However, active specific immunotherapy,
      using mixtures of C. parvum and irradiated or living tumour cells in the
      footpads, suppressed tumour growth when given at 2 or 6, but not 10, days after
      tumour challenge. Successful therapy required: sufficient tumour cells (greater
      than or equal to 5 X 10(4)); an optimal dose of C. parvum (5-120 mug, increasing
      with the number of tumour cells); an intact T cell system; the same tumour cells
      for challenge and treatment. The specificity was confirmed in a protection system
      in which treatment was given 7 days before tumour challenge. No protective
      immunity could be achieved with mixtures of C. parvum and foetal cells. Thus in
      this system C. parvum potentiates protective immunity only to the tumour unique
      TSTA.

PMID- 1082345
TI  - On von Willebrand's disease (vWd).

PMID- 1082346
TI  - Human leukocyte granule elastase: rapid isolation and characterization.
AB  - Human granulocytic elastases have been purified by a two-step procedure involving
      affinity chromatography of crude extracts of leukocytic granules on Sepharose
      Trasylol, followed by ion-exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose to resolve the
      isoelastases. All of these enzymes were found to be glycoproteins with the
      carbohydrate content of the major form being composed essentially of only neutral
      sugars. The molecular weight of this form was found to be near 30 000 daltons
      with the other forms being slightly higher. Preliminary structural analyses
      indicate that all of the elastase isozymes have identical NH2-terminal sequences
      suggesting that the differences in mobility of the four proteins are not due to
      different degrees of activation from a common zymogen but, more likely, from
      minor changes in carbohydrate content. Human granulocytic elastases are less
      active on ligament elastin than porcine pancreatic elastase, but both are
      inhibited by synthetic elastase active-site directed low molecular weight
      compounds (Tuhy, P. M., and Powers, J. C. (1975), FEBS Lett. 50, 359) as well as
      by plasma alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor (formerly called alpha-1-antitrypsin). In
      the latter case a stable complex with mol wt of 78 000 daltons is formed
      indicating the formation of a 1:1 complex.

PMID- 1082347
TI  - The action of cordycepin on nascent nuclear RNA and poly(A) synthesis in
      regenerating liver.
AB  - Following a 5 min pulse of [5- 3H]orotic acid via the protal vein, the specific
      radioactivity of non-poly(A)heterogeneous nuclear RNA (HnRNA) reaches a peak at
      12 h after partial hepatectomy. In contrast, poly(A)-HnRNA was maximally elevated
      only at 2 h after operation. After intraportal injection of cordycepin (3'
      deoxyadenosine) 1 min before [5-3H]orotic acid, a dose-dependent inhibition of
      nuclear HnRNA and rRNA occurred. Fractionation of HnRNA on poly(U)-Sepharose
      following 20 mg/kg of cordycepin revealed that a 65% reduction occurred in the
      labeling of poly(A)-HnRNA while non-polyactivity of UTP in control and cordycepin
      treated animals indicated no significant alterations in these parameters.
      Assessment of poly(A) size using poly(A)-HnRNA annealed with oligo(dT)10 as
      template primer for Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I, showed that 20 mg/kg of
      cordycepin inhibited nuclear polyadenylylation by 43%; no alteration in the
      binding of poly(A)-HnRNA to Millipore filters occurred at this dose of
      cordycepin. These results indicate that cordycepin is a non-selective inhibitor
      of nuclear RNA and poly(A)synthesis in regenerating rat liver.

PMID- 1082348
TI  - Deviations from the flux ratio equation for chloride ions in ouabain- and
      acetazolamide-treated frog skin.
AB  - In order to establish whether or not chloride ions behave as freely moving
      particles in "passive", i.e. ouabain- and acetazolamide-treated, frog skin,
      tracer fluxes of 36Cl-have been measured while a voltage (generally +40 mV,
      serosal side positive) across the skin was applied. Ussing's flux ratio equation
      has been used as a criterion for this type of transport. One group of skin
      samples exhibited significant exchange diffusion phenomena. Most samples in a
      second group either behaved according to the flux ratio equation of showed
      significant and extreme exchange diffusion. From flux ratios obtained at two
      different voltages across various skin samples, showing extreme exchange
      diffusion, it appeared that the simple form of Kedem and Essig's law derived from
      irreversible thermodynamics, which is valid for homogeneous systems, does not
      apply to the type of exchange diffusion found. The system can, however, be
      described by a 1:1 exchange mechanism working in parallel with a diffusional
      pathway. The ratio exchange flux/observed efflux must then have a constant value
      (0.83) at the voltages appled, which implies that the exchange flux is voltage
      dependent. By comparison with iodide flux experiments as carried out by Ussing,
      it is shown that iodide exhibits the same type of exchange diffusion. A carrier,
      possibly responsible for the observed behaviour, is described.

PMID- 1082349
TI  - The influence of glutamine, its decomposition products, and glutaminase on the
      transformation of human and mouse lymphocytes.
AB  - The extent of blast transformation for human and BALB/c mouse lymphocytes has
      been examined over a wide range of glutamine concentrations with several agents
      which initiate blastogenesis. Maximum [3H] thymidine incorporation was seen at
      0.5 mM glutamine for lymphoid tissues stimulated in the following manner: human
      and BALB/c splenic and peripheral blood lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin,
      BALB/c splenic lymphocytes with lipopolysaccharide, and BALB/c vs C3H/HeJ two-way
      mixed lymphocyte cultures. The inhibition of blastogenesis exerted by glutamine
      concentrations greater than 0.5 mM could not be reversed by washing and
      reculturing the cells at 0.5 mM glutamine. To elucidate the reason for inhibition
      by higher glutamine concentrations, the products of spontaneous glutamine
      decomposition, L-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid and ammonia were tested for
      their in vitro influence on BALB/c splenocyte blastogenesis. Pyrrolidone
      carboxylic acid, in concentrations up to 5 mM, was without effect. In contrast,
      ammonia concentrations exceeding 1 mM became increasingly more inhibitory. The
      genesis of inhibitory levels of ammonia in culture medium was confirmed and has
      been considered as primarily responsible for inhibiton by high glutamine.
      Addition of Escherichia coli glutaminase (pH optimum 4.9) to cultures of BALB/c
      splenocytes or human peripheral blood lymphocytes had no effect on either the
      extent of blastogenesis of these tissues or the glutamine levels in their culture
      medium.

PMID- 1082350
TI  - Effects of cycloheximide on protein degradation and gluconeogenesis in the
      perfused rat liver.
AB  - Cycloheximide at concentrations above 18 muM produced a 93% inhibition of total
      protein synthesis measured by valine incorporation in the perfused rat liver.
      Rates of protein degradation were estimated by perfusing livers prelabeled in
      vivo with L-[1-14C]valine with medium containing 15 mM L-valine. Thus labeled
      valine released from liver protein during perfusion was greatly diluted and
      reincorporation of label was minimized. Cycloheximide at 18 muM inhibited protein
      degradation by over 60%, after a delay of 15-20 min. Associated with these
      effects were dose-dependent increases in the rates of glucose and urea
      production. Glucose production increased 3 fold, from 0.54 +/- 0.07  in control
      to 1.85 +/- 0.24 mumol/min/100 g rat in cycloheximide-treated livers. Urea
      production increased from 0.24 +/- 0.02 to 0.62 +/- 0.06 mumol/min/100 g rat. No
      changes in liver glycogen or cyclic AMP content were seen. The data suggest that
      inhibition of protein synthesis provides an increased availability of intra
      cellular amino acids and that many of these are rapidly degraded, yielding urea
      and glucose. This is supported by the fact that intracellular alanine levels were
      significantly increased following cycloheximide treatment. It is possible that
      the inhibition of protein degradation by cycloheximide is due to altered intra
      cellular pools of amino acids or their metabolites.

PMID- 1082351
TI  - [Functional differentiation of the retinal photoreceptors of grass frog tadpoles
      during early prometamorphosis].

PMID- 1082352
TI  - Restoration of cellular immune response by levamisole in patients with Hodgkin's
      disease.
AB  - Cellular responses were studied in patients with Hodgkin's disease before and
      after levamisole treatment "in vivo" by measuring delayed skin reactivity to
      various antigens (PPD, Mumps, Candida and SK-SD), and "in vitro" by evaluating
      lymphocyte capacity to form spontaneous rosettes and to react to the T-cell
      mitogen PHA. Levamisole was found to significantly increase both the delayed skin
      reactivity and the number of T-rosette forming lymphocytes. Patients within two
      years from irradiation had reduced reactivity to PHA and in them levamisole
      significantly increased this reactivity. On the other hand, patients who had been
      irradiated more than two years prior to the study had normal reactivity to PHA
      which tended to decrease under levamisole treatment. It is concluded that
      levamisole restores the depressed cellular immunity in patients with Hodgkin's
      disease and its administration might be indicated in patients, especially in the
      immediate post-irradiation period.

PMID- 1082353
TI  - The thymus dependence of S+G2 parameter in cell cycle of PHA-reactive rat
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082354
TI  - Different sensitivites of rat T-lymphocytes on cysteine effects during the
      response to mitogens.

PMID- 1082356
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin: molecular abnormality of S variant.

PMID- 1082355
TI  - The action of acetylcholine antagonists on amino acid responses in the frog
      spinal cord in vitro.
AB  - 1 The isolated hemisected frog spinal cord has been used to study the action of
      acetylcholine antagonists on amino acid responses by means of sucrose gap
      recording. 2 Primary afferents and motoneurones were shown to contain few, if
      any, cholinoceptors, since acetylcholine and carbachol responses were essentially
      abolished when synaptic transmission was blocked with magnesium ions or when
      action potentials were blocked by tetrodotoxin. 3 Curare antagonized the gamma
      aminobutyric acid (GABA) and beta-alanine depolarizations of primary afferents
      and hyperpolarizing action of these amino acids on motoneurones. Nicotine also
      antagonized beta-alanine depolarizations and to a small extent GABA
      depolarizations of primary afferents. These actions are similar to but weaker
      than those obtained previously with picrotoxin. 4 Atropine selectively
      antagonized beta-alanine depolarizations of primary afferents and blocked beta
      alanine and glycine hyperpolarizations of motoneurones. GABA responses were
      entirely resistant to the action of atropine. These actions are similar to but 50
      times weaker than those obtained previously with strychnine. 5 Dihydro-beta
      erythroidine, tetraethylammonium, and gallamine were entirely ineffective in
      antagonizing amino acid responses. Since these agents are known to block the
      dorsal root potential elicited by ventral root stimulation but have no effect on
      the amino acid responses of primary afferents, it is evident that a cholinergic
      step is involved in this pathway.

PMID- 1082357
TI  - Thyroid and other autoantibodies in British and Japanese women: an
      epidemiological study of breast cancer.
AB  - To define the role of asymptomatic autoimmune thyroiditis in the cause of breast
      cancer, the presence of circulating thyroid autoantibodies was studied in two
      populations, one with a high risk of breast cancer (British women) and one with a
      low risk (Japanese women). Ostensibly healthy women and patients with breast
      cancer from both countries were studied. There was no difference in the incidence
      of thyroid autoantibodies between women with breast cancer and healthy women in
      either race. The incidence of thyroid autoantibodies in healthy British women,
      however, was two to three times that in healthy Japanese women. The incidence of
      reticulin antibodies, was considerably higher in both groups of Japanese women.
      No remarkable differences in the incidence of antinuclear, smooth-muscle,
      antimitochondrial, gastric parietal cell, or liver-kidney microsomal antibodies
      were found between women with breast cancer and healthy women or between the two
      races. Only the incidence of antinuclear antibodies was marginally higher in
      Japanese patients with advanced cancer. These results indicate that asymptomatic
      autoimmune thyroid disease is more prevalent among British than among Japanese
      women, but they fail to provide direct evidence that autoimmune thyroid disease
      is associated with breast cancer. Prospective studies of women with autoimmune
      thyroiditis and studies of young women from low-risk and high-risk populations
      are needed.

PMID- 1082358
TI  - Radiology and endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Of 112 patients admitted with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, the presumed
      bleeding site was detected in 61-5% of cases by radiology and in 57% of cases on
      endoscopy. Thirty-one patients who had barium-meal examination were operated on
      and the surgical and radiological findings agreed in 26 (84%). Twenty-three
      patients who had endoscopy were operated on and the surgical and endoscopic
      findings agreed in 15 (65%). In 10 cases radiology detected a lesion not
      identified on endoscopy and in nine endoscopy detected a lesion not seen at
      radiology. We suggest that when there are two potential sources of bleeding
      radiology as well as endoscopy can detect the actively bleeding lesion. The
      supplementary nature of radiology and endoscopy is emphasised and we conclude
      that both methods should be used if there is any doubt at the initial
      radiological or endoscopic examination about the source of the bleeding.

PMID- 1082359
TI  - Letter: Radiology and endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1082360
TI  - Letter: Radiology and endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1082361
TI  - Efferent projections of the superior olivary nucleus in the frog, Rana
      catesbeiana.
AB  - Following electrolytic lesions of the superior olivary nucleus (SO) of the
      bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, the efferent pathways of this nucleus were studied
      with silver impregnation methods. The major projection was to the ipsilateral
      principal nucleus of the torus semicircularis. Less conspicuous degeneration was
      traced to the nuclei magnocellularis and commissuralis of the torus. No
      contribution was made to the tectum or nucleus isthmi. Other projections of the
      SO include a sma-ler contralateral projection to these same nuclei and to the
      ipsilateral nucleus lateralis profundus mesencephali. A system of connections
      between the acoustic nuclei was invariably interrupted with these lesions and the
      degeneration seen in the more dorsal acoustic areas was not entirely due to the
      destruction of SO neurons.

PMID- 1082362
TI  - [Serious complications of current treatments].

PMID- 1082363
TI  - The risk of iridocyclitis in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A retrospective study comparing 14 patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
      (JRA) complicated by chronic iridocyclitis (Group I) with an equal number of JRA
      patients without this complication (Group II) was conducted to determine which
      factors might aid in the earlier diagnosis of chronic iridocyclitis. Eleven
      patients in Group I had oligoarticular disease compared to 5 in Group II.
      Antinuclear antibody was found in 13 patients in Group I compared to only 2 in
      Group II. Only one of nine patients tested in Group I for the histocompatibility
      antigen W-27 was positive. The patient with oligoarticular disease and a positive
      ANA test should be followed closely by the ophthalmologist for the development of
      chronic iridocyclitis.

PMID- 1082364
TI  - Chemotherapy, en bloc resection, and prosthetic bone replacement in the treatment
      of osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - In an attempt to shrink primary osteogenic sarcoma and allow complete surgical
      removal of the primary tumor, without amputating the involved limb, intensive
      preoperative chemotherapy with high dose methotrexate (HDMTX) with citrovorum
      factor rescue (CFR) and adriamycin (ADR) was initiated in 20 patients with biopsy
      proven primary osteogenic sarcoma of the distal femur (15 patients) and proximal
      tibia (five patients). Following intensive chemotherapy, en bloc resection of the
      primary tumor with prosthetic replacement of the involved bone was planned. After
      surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, consisting of HDMTX with CFR, ADR, and high dose
      cyclophosphamide was given sequentially for 1 year. Of 20 patients with primary
      osteogenic sarcoma (two with evidence of pulmonary metastases), 18 had primary
      tumors that could be clinically measured. Of these 18, 17 demonstrated a decrease
      in the size of primary tumor prior to surgery, while on chemotherapy. To date, 12
      of these patients with osteogenic sarcoma of the distal femur have had total
      femur and knee joint replacement, and three patients with osteogenic sarcoma of
      the proximal tibia have had total knee replacement. In all 15 patients, surgical
      margins were grossly and microscopically free of tumor. There has been no
      evidence of soft tissue recurrence in any of the 15 patients who have undergone
      surgery for from 2 to 15 months postoperatively. These preliminary results
      indicate that with the use of aggressive chemotherapy, it is possible to
      demonstrate objective tumor regression in primary osteogenic sarcoma, allowing
      the surgeon to perform en bloc resection of tumor and prosthetic replacement of
      the involved bone. Although the limb is preserved, it is important to stress that
      extensive surgery yielding tumor-free margins is performed. The ultimate
      evaluation of this approach to the treatment of primary osteogenic sarcoma awaits
      longer observation, to determine limb function and the continued disease-free
      status, once adjuvant chemotherapy is discontinued.

PMID- 1082365
TI  - An attempt at synchronization of marrow cells in acute leukemia: relationship to
      therapeutic response.
AB  - The relationship between changes in the bone marrow labeling index and the
      patient's subsequent response to cycle-specific agents was studied by the South
      eastern Cancer Study Group in adults with acute leukemia. Ninety-eight patients
      were randomized to one of two treatment regimens. Schedule 1 consisted of a
      single intravenous (i.v.) push of cytosine arabinoside followed in 48 hours by a
      large dose of oral methotrexate distributed over 24 hours and i.v. vincristine.
      Leucovorin rescue was employed to control the toxic effects of the high dose
      methotrexate and the cycle was repeated every 7 days. Schedule 2 differed only in
      that there were three daily injections of cytosine arabinoside preceding
      vincristine and methotrexate injections and each cycle was given every 10 days.
      Cell kinetic studies were performed in 30 patients and revealed that the majority
      of patients who had a response to therapy had some increase in the marrow
      labeling index 48 hours after cytosine arabinoside injection. In general, those
      patients who had no response to therapy had little change. There was no
      significant difference between schedules in the ability to induce an increase in
      labeling index 48 hours after cytosine arabinoside or in the increment achieved
      by the responders. However, there was a significant difference in the response
      rate seen with these schedules. Schedule 1 achieved only a 24% remission rate in
      acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) while schedule 2 was associated with a 52%
      remission rate. In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) both schedules induced a
      60% remission rate while none of the four patients with blast crisis of chronic
      granulocytic leukemia (CGL) responded. Analysis of the characteristics associated
      with remission revealed that more females achieved a remission than males and
      that the presence of pretreatment infection was the greatest contributing cause
      of early death and thus severely limited the ability to achieve a remission. As
      opposed to the current regimens used in ANLL, schedule 2 did not require
      significant bone marrow hypoplasia (as judged by the degree of hematological
      toxicity) to achieve a remission and there was no decrease in response seen with
      increasing age. The data suggest that increased efficiency of cycle-specific,
      antitumor agents may occur by increasing the proportion of human leukemic cells
      in DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1082366
TI  - The effect of thymosin on human T-cells from cancer patients.
AB  - The effect of thymosin on in vitro reactivity of peripheral lymphocytes to
      phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and the formation of spontaneous E-rosettes
      in 54 patients with metastatic carcinomas has been studied. Thymosin increased
      lymphocyte responses to PHA and Con A in only 10 patients, with predominant
      effect seen with Con A. Twenty patients showed depressed baseline levels of E
      rosettes which were increased to normal or subnormal levels after incubation with
      thymosin. No distinct correlation was noted between the clinical stage of the
      disease and the ability of lymphocytes to form E-rosettes. Although the exact
      mechanism by which the thymus exerts its influence on host resistance is not
      clearly defined, present evidence supports the concept that the thymic hormone,
      thymosin, may be an important addition in treatment of cancer patients by
      increasing cell-mediated immunity.

PMID- 1082367
TI  - The role of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients with cancer.
AB  - The last decade has seen considerable advance in the application of fiberoptic
      endoscopy to the diagnosis and management of patients with cancer. Forward and
      side-viewing instruments have been developed that have complete tip control,
      potential for obtaining directed biopsies, brush and lavage cytology, and for
      aspiration of material for assay of enzymes and tumor-associated antigens. These
      features have provided a high degree of diagnostic capability in the esophagus,
      stomach, and duodenum. Accurate histologic diagnoses require multiple biopsies
      and brush cytology from each lesion. Lavage cytology has been useful in selected
      patients, especially those with diffusely infiltrating lesions. Brush cytology
      has been especially helpful in patients with stenotic esophageal cancer. These
      techniques have also provided a diagnosis in a high percentage of patients with
      lymphoma involving the stomach. Endoscopy has also been very useful in patients
      with nongastrointestinal cancer who have major gastrointestinal problems such as
      bleeding stress ulcers or monilial esophagitis.

PMID- 1082368
TI  - Granulocytic stem cells in Friend leukemia.
AB  - Friend virus induces a leukemia characterized by the proliferation of neoplastic
      hematopoietic cells believed to be erythroid precursors. In vitro studies were
      conducted with spleen cells from mice with terminal Firend leukemia in order to
      determine their capacity for leukocytic differentiation. Spleen cells were
      obtained from leukemic DBA/2 mice 1 to 2 days before anticipated death and
      cultured in the presence or absence of colony-stimulating activity (CSA). Growth
      in liquid culture in dissusion chambers was dependent on CSA and resulted in the
      generation of normally differentiated granulocytes and macrophages. Colony
      formation in agar was also dependent on CSA, and the cloning efficiency of
      leukemic spleen cells was found to be approximately 10 times normal. The colonies
      formed were composed of leukocytes, which appeared morphologically normal. Total
      in vitro colony-forming units per leukemic spleen exceeded normal by more than
      300-fold, but cells elaborating CSA were decreased. Although it is uncertain
      whether the stem cells stimulated by CSA are "normal" or leukemic," it is clear
      that Friend leukemia has profound effects on the proliferation and
      differentiation of nonerythroid stem cells.

PMID- 1082369
TI  - Critical evaluation of lymphocyte functions in urological cancer patients.
AB  - One hundred three patients with varying stages of urological cancer (bladder,
      prostate, kidney) were investigated with regard to the following lymphocyte
      functions. T-cells were assessed numerically (E rosettes), their blastogenic
      response to phytohemagglutinin (pHA) was determined, and their cytotoxic
      potential against heterologous target cells in short-term presence of PHA (e.i.,
      PHA-dependent cellular cytotoxocity) was evaluated. Similarly, B cells were
      numerically assessed (EA rosettes), and their function was evaluated by antibody
      dependent cellular cytotoxicity against antibody-coated deterologous target
      cells. The data on cancer patients, divided on the basis of extent of disease and
      prior radiation therapy, were compared to those of normal young and age-matched
      controls. Our investigations emphasize the importance of the following factors:
      (a) comparison of data with age-matched controls, since several lymphocyte
      functions appear to change with age; (b) use of multiple controls to compensate
      for the inherent variability found in certain tests; (c) minimized contamination
      by nonlymphoid cells in the purified cell preparation; and (d) the influence of
      certain treatment regimens (radiation, chemotherapy, etc.) on the results.
      Radiotherapy significantly depressed T-cell number with a depression of PHA
      blastogenic responses as well as PHA-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. When all of
      these conditions were taken into account, the urological cancer patients as a
      group were found to have a lower proportional value of E rosettes (T-cells) and a
      reduced PHA blastogenic responsiveness. Certain cancer patients displayed an
      elevated PHA-dependent cellular cytotoxicity as compared to age-matched controls,
      which may indicate the presence of activated cells in the presence of tumors.
      With this identification of a group of cancer patients with markedly depressed E
      rosette values and PHA responsiveness, it will now be possible to follow them
      clinically in comparison with a group of cancer patients with normal T-cell
      functions.

PMID- 1082370
TI  - Stimulatory effects of 5-lodo-2'-deoxyuridine on number and function of splenic B
      and T-cells and of macrophages in C3HeB/FeJ mice.
AB  - 5-lodo-2'-deoxyuridine (lUdR) significantly increases the total number of spleen
      cells on the fourth day after administration of 100 mg/kg in normal C3HeB/FeJ
      male mice. The number of splenic B-cells [cells sensitive to the cytotoxic
      activity of a rabbit antiserum to mouse F(ab)2, plus complement] increases on the
      same day. The number of T-cells (cells sensitive to the cytotoxic activity of a
      rabbit antiserum to mouse brain-associated theta antigen, plus complement) and of
      macrophages (adherent-phagocytic cells) does not increase. Spleen cells from lUdR
      treated mice show heightened responsiveness in vitro to Escherichia coli
      lipopolysaccharide or concanavalin A on Day 4 and Days 5 to 6, respectively. The
      rate of clearance of i.v.-injected colloidal carbon is also increased for 3 days
      after lUdR. Thus, lUdR is able to functionally activate either T- or B-cells or
      macrophages, but only to increase the number of splenic B-cells.

PMID- 1082371
TI  - The ultrastructure of taste and touch receptors of the frog's taste organ.
AB  - The taste buds from fungiform papillae and the hard palate of frogs were
      investigated with the scanning and transmission electron microscopes. An immature
      pre-taste cell and a mature taste cell can be differentiated. Only the mature
      taste cell exhibits synaptic contact with the afferent taste fibre. Glandular and
      satellite supporting cells envelop the thin apical processes of the sensory
      cells. At the base of the taste disc up to 10 Merkel cells form a complex with
      nerve endings. There are two types of myelinated fibres, large and small. The
      small fibre innervates the taste cells, the thicker nerve fibre the Merkel cells.
      The occurrence of two types of receptors explains physiological results.

PMID- 1082372
TI  - The fine structure of the perineural endothelium.
AB  - Fine strands of motor nerves were examined with the electron microscope using
      thin section as well as freeze-etching techniques. The specimens were taken from
      frog cutaneous pectoris nerve, rat sciatic nerve, mouse and shrew phrenic nerves
      and from human skin nerves. The perineural sheath (Henle, Ranvier, Key and
      Retzius) consists of one to several concentric laminae of endothelial cells; it
      encases nerve fascicles and eventually individual nerve fibers and terminals. The
      endothelial cells are extremely thin and fitted togeether smoothly by overlap and
      dove-tailing of their border zones. The cell contacts are formed by continuous
      zonulae occludentes, often reinforced by maculae adhaerentes, and in depth they
      comprise 3-15 strands with an average of 5-6 strands per junction. The membranes
      of endothelial cells are studded with attachment sites and stomata of
      plasmalemmal vesicles suggesting a high level of pinocytotic activity. This
      phenomenon is by no means restricted to the external laminae of the endothelial
      sheath. Each endothelial lamina is vested with basement membranes on both
      (epineural and endoneural) sides, and the spaces between laminae contain a few
      collagen fibers and fibroblasts. Occasionally, punctate tight junctions are seen
      between laminae. Cytological evidence supports the hypothesis that the perineural
      endothelium provides a relatively tight and highly selective barrier separating
      the peripheral nerves from surrounding tissue and its extracellular fluid spaces.
      This effect is achieved on the one hand by the sealing of pericellular spaces and
      on the other hand by a membrane controlled transcellular transport mechanism
      (pinocytosis), both of which are enhanced by their serial arrangement.

PMID- 1082373
TI  - Cellular events in protein-tolerant inbred rats. III. Antigen-reactive B cells in
      rats tolerant to human serum albumin.

PMID- 1082374
TI  - Resolution of a factor that enhances the antibody response of T cell-depleted
      murine splenocytes from several other monocyte products.

PMID- 1082375
TI  - [The so-called immunologic classification of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma].
AB  - The so-called immunologic classification of malignant lymphomas was used in 100
      of suitable cases. Without the simultaneous use of immunocytological methods the
      classification was  applicable with certain restrictions only, but, in general
      the entire classification scheme could be used in routine bioptic practice. The
      so-called immunologic classification permits a more accurate determination of the
      nature of the neoplasms and a larger flexibility in classifying them considering
      the possible trend of alterations that may occur during the course of the
      disease. Some difficulties and points of confusion have been discussed.

PMID- 1082376
TI  - [Primary pulmonary histiocytosis X].
AB  - The diagnosis of a pulmonary form of histiocytosis X was made on the basis of a
      lung tissue biopsy in a male aged 60 suffering from progressive dyspnoe of
      respiratory type and a rentgenological finding of tiny disseminated foci in both
      lung fields. The bad prognosis of the process related to the fibrous
      transformation of neoplastic foci rather than to the biological nature of the
      process as such.

PMID- 1082377
TI  - [Children's tuberculosis in Czechoslovakia--results of therapy and prevention-
      future and prospects].

PMID- 1082378
TI  - Individual household water supplies as a control measure against Schistosoma
      mansoni. A study in rural St Lucia.
AB  - As part of a programme to evaluate single control measures for reducing the
      transmission of Schistosoma mansoni, household water supplies were installed in 5
      rural settlements in the Riche Fond Valley of St Lucia. About 2 000 persons who
      previously were dependent on rivers and streams are now receiving safe water at
      their homes. The systems provide useful design data on individual water
      requirements in rural areas. This experience suggests that future rural water
      systems can be designed more economically and efficiently by using consumption
      rates that are closer to the actual requirements and by eliminating water wastage
      at the taps.

PMID- 1082379
TI  - Abnormalities in the microsomal oxidases of the WHO standard reference strain of
      Musca domestica.
AB  - Observations made during biochemical and toxicological studies of the housefly,
      in which the WHO standard reference (SR) strain was used as a standard, indicated
      that this strain differs from other strains in certain physiological and
      toxicological aspects. Experiments are described in which microsomal oxidases
      prepared from the standard reference strain and several other housefly strains,
      both susceptible and resistant to insecticides, were compared for heat stability,
      sensitivity to ionic strength, pH optima, and the spectral characteristics of
      their cytochrome P-450. In a comparison with 8 strains the SR strain microsomes
      were more stable at high incubation temperatures (40-47.5 degrees C). Compared to
      two other strains (NAIDM, susceptible, and Isolan-B, resistant) SR was more
      stable at low pH and more sensitive to high ionic strength. In spectral
      comparisons with NAIDM and Isolan-B, SR was found to contain microsomal
      cytochrome P-450 that differed slightly in its carbon monoxide or octylamine
      binding spectra. The results suggest that this strain may not provide a suitable
      reference in studies involving the microsomal oxidases. However, these apparent
      differences should not reduce the value of the SR stain as a reference in
      insecticide resistance studies.

PMID- 1082380
TI  - Field application to malaria studies of the passive haemagglutination (PHA) test
      with lyophilized cells.
AB  - Lyophilized cells for the passive (formerly indirect) haemagglutination test for
      malaria were tested in a small field trial. A comparison was made with results
      obtained with samples from the same persons by another method in another
      laboratory (Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, USA). The use of lyophilized
      cells of standardized reactivity clearly adds to the simplicity and rapidity of
      the test, and justifies its recommendation for use in field studies.

PMID- 1082381
TI  - Single-radial-hemolysis: a new method for the assay of antibody to influenza
      haemagglutinin. Applications for diagnosis and seroepidemiologic surveillance of
      influenza.
AB  - A simple single-radial-haemolysis technique is described that permits the
      detection and assay of antibody to influenza virus haemagglutinin. The method
      depends on the passive haemolysis of virus-treated erythrocytes by
      antihaemagglutinin antibody and complement. Under the "standard" test conditions
      described antibody to the other surface antigen of the influenza virus
      (neuraminidase) or to the internal antigens of the virus (nucleoprotein and
      matrix protein) do not produce haemolysis. Because it requires only small amounts
      of crude virus antigen and is rapid and simple, the method appears to be of
      considerable value for large-scale seroepidemiologic studies of new influenza
      virus variants. Antihaemagglutinin antibody detected by single-radial-haemolysis
      appears to be relatively strain-specific; the technique may therefore be useful
      in the antigenic characterization of virus isolates.

PMID- 1082382
TI  - Experimental study of the role of inactivated vaccine in two-step vaccination
      against smallpox.
AB  - In experiments on rabbits it was found that although administration of
      inactivated smallpox vaccine did not induce a demonstrable antibody response in
      the serum it enhanced the immune response to subsequent inoculation with live
      vaccine. The dose of inactivated vaccine corresponded to 8 x 10(7) PFU before
      inactivation (by (60)Co gamma-radiation); the dose of live vaccine was 1.2 x
      10(5) PFU. When the interval between the two inoculations was 7-days, virus
      neutralizing antibody appeared after 5 days and reached levels 2-4 times those
      obtained with live vaccine alone. With longer intervals (up to 60 days) the
      enhancement of the immune response was even greater. It seems likely that use of
      the two-step method may reduce the incidence of post-vaccination encephalitis and
      clinical studies to determine the optimum conditions for safety and efficacy are
      at present being undertaken.

PMID- 1082383
TI  - Controlled field trial of a typhoid vaccine prepared with a nonmotile mutant of
      Salmonella typhi Ty2.
AB  - A controlled field trial was performed in Egypt to evaluate a whole cell typhoid
      vaccine prepared with a nonmotile mutant of S. typhi Ty2 (TNM1) devoid of
      flagellar antigen. This vaccine did not elicit an H antibody response, but
      significant Vi and O agglutinin responses were observed. There were 34 typhoid
      cases among 21 063 six- to seven-year-old children who received the TNM1 vaccine,
      and 44 cases among 21 017 children in the control group who received tetanus
      toxoid. These results suggest that TNM1 vaccine does not provide protection
      against typhoid fever, and that H antigen may be an important component of an
      effective vaccine.

PMID- 1082384
TI  - Control of Schistosoma mansoni transmission by provision of domestic water
      supplies. A preliminary report of a study in St Lucia.
AB  - As an experimental control measure to reduce the transmission of S. mansoni, an
      individual household water supply was provided in 400 houses in 5 rural
      settlements of the Riche Fond Valley, St Lucia. This population of about 2 000
      had previously been dependent for water on infective streams and rivers. Six
      other settlements in the valley, all provided with limited piped water from
      public standpipes, served as the comparison area. After 2 years the incidence,
      prevalence, and intensity of infection with S. mansoni were significantly lower
      in the household water supply area, whereas all these indices of infection had
      increased in the comparison area. An adequate, reliable, and convenient supply of
      water can reduce the transmission of S. mansoni and should be considered as a
      control measure in other endemic areas.

PMID- 1082385
TI  - Inheritance of resistance to organophosphorus insecticides in Culex tarsalis
      Coquillet.
AB  - The mode of inheritance of resistance to parathion, fenitrothion, fenthion,
      chlorpyr fosmethyl, and parathion-methyl was studied in a strain of C. tarsalis.
      Resistance in the F(1) hybrid was partially dominant. Backcross experiments
      indicated that resistance is derived from more than one gene. This conclusion was
      confirmed by repeated backcrosses of the F(1) to the susceptible strain and
      selection of the backcross progeny with a discriminating dosage of parathion
      methyl.

PMID- 1082386
TI  - Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure volume relationships with experimental
      acute global ischemia.
AB  - The mechanism of elevation of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure during
      acute global ischemia was evaluated by examiniation of the relative contributions
      of a decrease in contractility and an alteration of the pressure-volume
      relationship. The external circumference (mercury-in-silastic gauge) pressure
      relationship, as an index of the pressure-volume relationship, was studied in
      beta adrenergic and ganglionic blocked, open chest dogs on right heart bypass at
      constant heart rate ane aortic pressure. Ischemia of one and two hours' duration
      was produced by reducing total coronary blood flow in cannulated left and right
      coronary arteries until left ventricular end-diastolic pressure rose
      significantly. At a constant stroke work, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
      rose from 5.0 +/- 0.5 to 15.0 +/- 0.5 cm H2O in the experiments of one hour of
      ischemia, and from 7.0 +/- 1.0 to 17.0 +/- 1.0 cm H2O in experiments of two hours
      of ischemia. Ischemia was followed by one hour of restoration of coronary blood
      flow. Ischemia produced a marked depression of ventricular function: stroke work,
      considered at a left ventricular end-diastolic pressure of 15 cm H2O, decreased
      from 21.0 +/- 3.0 to 3.5 +/- 0.5 gm-m, and from 15.0 +/- 2.0 to 2.5 +/- 0.5 gm-m,
      in the experiments of one and two hours, respectively. Neither ischemia nor
      reflow changed the pressure-volume relationship. Thus, the elevation of left
      ventricular end-diastolic pressure during ischemia in an otherwise normal canine
      myocardium is due to a decrease in systolic performance of the heart rather than
      to an alteration of the pressure-volume relationship.

PMID- 1082387
TI  - Acute systemic lupus erythematosus in IgA deficiency. Mechlorethamine
      hydrochloride therapy.

PMID- 1082388
TI  - Enhanced uptake by guinea-pig macrophages of radio-iodinated human aggregated
      immunoglobulin G in the presence of sera from rheumatoid patients with cutaneous
      vasculitis.
AB  - A competitive radiobioassay method for soluble immune complexes in sera has been
      used to study sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Twenty-eight out of
      sixty-two sera from selected seropositive rheumatoid patients were found to
      produce enhanced uptake of radio-iodinated human aggregated IgG by guinea-pig
      macrophages in contrast with the inhibition of uptake seen with SLE sera. Twenty
      two out of the twenty-eight enhancing sera belonged to patients with cutaneous
      vasculitis. None of the twenty-two sera from seronegative rheumatoid patients
      possessed enhancing properties and none of these patients had clinical evidence
      of vasculitis. Three patients with seropositive SLE had sera with enhancing
      properties and had cutaneous vasculitis. We have shown that the enhancement is
      probably due to the presence in sera of immune complexes or altered IgG bound to
      rheumatoid factor. The possible mechanism has been investigated and it appears
      that there is increased binding of radio-iodinated aggregated IgG to free
      valencies on rheumatoid factor already bound to immune complexes.

PMID- 1082389
TI  - Thyrogastric autoimmune disease. Studies on the cell-mediated immune system and
      histocompatibility antigens.
AB  - Cell-mediated immune responses were studied in autoimmune diseases of
      thyrogastric type, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and autoimmune pernicious anaemia-type
      gastritis. Specific cell-mediated immunity was investigated by the leucocyte
      migration inhibition procedure, and general cell-mediated immunity (T-cell
      performance) was studied by standard in vivo and in vitro tests. In thyrogastric
      autoimmune diseases inhibition of migration of leucocytes was induced by
      thyroglobulin and gastric parietal cell microsomes; under conditions of
      presumably low cellular sensitization, stimulation of migration was observed.
      There was no depression of general cell-mediated immunity, in contrast to what
      occurs in systemic lupus erythematosus and related autoimmune diseases. A weak
      association of autoimmune gastritis with HL-A3 and HL-A7 (P LESS THAN 0.05) lost
      significance when an appropriate correction was applied; this weakness with HL-A
      clearly does not explain the strong genetic component in thyroid and gastric
      autoimmunity.

PMID- 1082390
TI  - Correlations among cutaneous reactivity to DNCB, PHA-induced lymphocyte
      blastogenesis and peripheral blood E rosettes.
AB  - Comparisons of the results obtained in a study of fifty-two patients with
      genitourinary malignancies using three assays to monitor the thymus-dependent
      immune system (delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to DNCB, PHA-induced lymphocyte
      blastogenesis, and peripheral blood E rosette-forming lymphocyte counts) yielded
      statistically significant positive correlations between the DNCB and PHA assays
      in twenty-one of twenty-eight instances, the DNCB and E rosette assays in
      thirteen of sixteen instances, the PHA and E rosette assays in twenty-eight of
      thirty-six instances, and among the DNCB, PHA and E rosette assays in ten of
      fourteen instances. The results suggest that both PHA-stimulated lymphocyte
      blastogenesis and peripheral blood E rosette-forming lymphocyte levels provide
      meaningful in vitro correlates of cell-mediated immunity.

PMID- 1082391
TI  - C3 receptor. A marker of a thymus-dependent B-cell subpopulation.
AB  - Depletion of C3-binding cells from spleen virtually abolishes the T cell
      dependent response to sheep erythrocytes as assessed by transfer experiments. It
      is suggested that a functionally thymus-dependent B-cell subpopulation (B2) can
      be distinguished by surface receptors for C3.

PMID- 1082392
TI  - Effect of azathioprine on in vitro antibody response. Differential effect on B
      cells involved in thymus-dependent and independent responses.
AB  - The effect of azathioprine (Az) on the primary in vitro antibody response of
      mouse spleen cell cultures has been studied. The response towards T cell
      dependent antigens is suppressed by low Az concentrations (50% inhibition by 10(
      2) mug/ml and 100% suppression by 10(-1) mug/ml). The same pattern is observed
      when Az addition is delayed until day 2, but the suppression is absent or partial
      when Az is added on day 3. In the early period (day 0 to day 1) the effect of Az
      is reversible upon addition of an excess of purine nucleosides. In contrast, the
      response to a T cell-independent antigen (TNP-T4) is relatively insensitive to
      Az, since 100-fold higher drug concentrations are required to obtain an
      inhibition. With the assumption that T helper cells are likely to be highly
      sensitive to Az, the effect of low Az concentrations on the other two cell
      populations involved in T cell-dependent responses has been evaluated. Adherent
      cells appear unaffected. In contrast, the B-cell response is markedly sensitive
      to Az, as shown by the effect of Az on the response of nude mouse cells to a T
      cell-dependent antigen in the presence of T-cell products, either specific or non
      specific. On the other hand, the B-cell response to mitogens is resistant to az.
      Thus, Az has a differential effect on B-cell response according to the thymus
      dependency of the antigen. This may suggest the existence of two pathways for B
      cell activation or two different B-cell subpopulations.

PMID- 1082393
TI  - Blastogenic response of Toxoplasma-infected mouse spleen cells to T- and B-cell
      mitogens.
AB  - In order to differentially test the function of lymphocytes in Toxoplasma gondii
      infected mice, the in vitro blastogenic response of spleen cell cultures to non
      specific mitogens was studied. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con
      A) stimulation were used as tests of thymus-dependent lymphocyte (T cell)
      function and bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used as a probe of
      bursal equivalent lymphocyte (B cell) function. For the first 3 weeks following
      T. gondii infection, the uptake of tritiated thymidine ([3H]TdR) by spleen cells
      cultured with all three mitogens was markedly reduced in comparison to the uptake
      in spleen cells from uninfected control mice. Thereafter, the response to LPS
      returned to normal while stimulation by the T-cell mitogens (PHA and Con A)
      remained depressed. It is postulated that T. gondii infection either: (1) diluted
      out T cells in the spleen with unreactive cells; (2) modified T cells in such a
      way that they were less responsive to mitogens; (3) depleted the peripheral
      lymphoid tissues of T cells; (4) induced non-specific suppressor cells, which
      inhibited the T-cell function assays; or (5) activated macrophages which
      depressed T-cell function non-specifically.

PMID- 1082394
TI  - Increased sensitivity of the rosette-forming reaction of human T lymphocytes with
      sheep erythrocytes afforded by papain treatment of the sheep cells.
AB  - Human T lymphocytes are known to adhere to sheep erythrocytes. This affinity
      reaction was found to be consistently increased following treatment of the sheep
      cells with papain. Reactions with treated erythrocytes were more stable and
      involved higher percentages of lymphocytes. Using a double marker system of
      papain-treated sheep erythrocytes together with Fc rosettes as a presumptive B
      cell marker, there was an overlap population of only 1% lymphocytes. Sheep
      erythrocytes treated with papain therefore appear to remain specifically adherent
      to human T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082395
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - The percentage and total number of E and EAC rosettes, as indicators of T and B
      lymphocytes respectively, were studied in the blood of subjects with multiple
      sclerosis (MS) and normals. MS patients in acute exacerbation were found to have
      a decrease in E rosettes and an increase in EAC rosettes. The relationship of
      these findings to the pathogenesis of MS is unclear; several possible
      pathogenetic implications are considered.

PMID- 1082396
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in patients on long-term haemodialysis.
AB  - Several parameters of cell-mediated immunity were assessed in thirty patients
      with chronic renal failure treated with long-term haemodialysis. Lymphopenia was
      uncommon, and only two patients showed diminished numbers of thymus-derived
      peripheral blood lymphocytes. Skin test energy to three antigens was documented
      in only one patient. No serious infections with intracellular organisms were
      noted in any of the patients. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) induced DNA synthesis in
      eleven patients was lower than that shown by normal subjects. This poor
      responsiveness to PHA was not corrected by haemodialysis, and in only two
      patients was the response improved by substituting normal human plasma for
      uraemic plasma in the lymphocyte cultures. Thus with the exception of PHA
      response, other parameters of cell-mediated immunity were intact in this group of
      chronic stable haemodialysis patients.

PMID- 1082397
TI  - The value of tests for antibodies to DNA in monitoring the clinical course of
      SLE. A long-term study using the Farr test and the DNA
      counterimmunoelectrophoretic method.
AB  - Serial serum samples from fifteen patients with SLE, taken over periods varying
      from 6 months to 6 years, were tested for DNA binding capacity, DNA
      electroprecipitins (DNA-EP) and C'3 level to assess the value of these
      investigations in reflecting clinical disease activity. Patients with renal
      involvement showed a good correlation between high levels of DNA binding, low
      serum C'3 and disease activity and typically, their DNA-EP was negative. By
      contrast, patients without renal involvement in whom vasculitis was prominent,
      showed a poor correlation of DNA binding capacity to changes in the state of
      their disease although the DNA-EP test was persistently positive. It was also
      apparent that both the DNA-BC and C'3 can show marked variation in response to
      alterations in treatment without accompanying clinical change. Although these
      serological tests, particularly the DNA binding capacity are of recognized value
      in the diagnosis of SLE, they serve most usefully as guides to long-term
      management when they can be related to the clinical pattern of the disease.

PMID- 1082399
TI  - Activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by concanavalin A dependence of
      monocytes.
AB  - The activation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes or isolated T lymphocytes by
      concanavalin A (Con A) is hightly potentiated by the presence of autologous,
      mitomycin C-treated monocytes. The optimal lymphocyte: monocyte ratio within a
      broad dose range is 1:1 when the incorporation of [14C]thymidine is expressed as
      total incorporation per culture tube and 1:10 when expressed per lymphocyte. A
      five-to-ten-fold increase of total DNA synthesis is noted in the presence of 10
      90% monocytes. The data may help to explain the wide variations in Con A
      responsiveness of human peripheral lymphocytes which may be partly related to
      differences in purification which give rise to cell preparations containing
      varying amounts of monocytes.

PMID- 1082398
TI  - Comparative mapping of the local distribution of immunoglobulin-containing cells
      in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the colon.
AB  - The local response pattern of immunoglobulin-containing cells was compared in
      Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis by paired immunohistochemistry on
      specimens of the large bowel wall. In the "Crohn mucosa" with persisting glands
      the total cell count was on the average raised more than three times compared
      with controls. The numbers of IgA, IgM and IgG immunocytes were increased 2.0,
      4.8 and 28.6 times, respectively. Only 0-2 IgD- and IgE-containing cells were
      generally found per section. No consistent differences in the mucosal response
      pattern were revealed when Crohn's disease was compared with ulcerative colitis.
      The deeper layers of the bowel wall were in both diseases more or less densely
      infiltrated by immunocytes-IgG cells compromising about 80%. Immunoglobulin
      containing cells in the muscularis propria and subserosa were characteristically
      found in Crohn's disease. There was no indication of a primary defect in the
      secretory immunoglobulin system which appeared to be normal in areas with intact
      glands. The pronounced local humoral immune response, particularly that involving
      IgG, might be of pathogenetic importance by aggravating and perpetuating in the
      inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 1082400
TI  - Effect of radiotherapy on lymphocyte cytotoxicity in vitro.
AB  - The cytotoxic functions of highly purified blood lymphocytes from patients with
      breast cancer were studied before and after radiotherapy. Addition of PHA or of
      rabbit antibodies to target cells (chicken erythrocytes) were chosen as two means
      of inducing lymphocyte cytotoxicity in vitro. The proportion of T and non-T
      lymphocytes was determined by means of E and EAC rosette tests. The antibody
      induced cytotoxocity of lymphocytes decreased following radiotherapy while that
      mediated by PHA remained unchanged. There was some reduction in the percentage of
      EAC rosette-forming cells. These results, as well as our earlier observations,
      suggest that the decrease in the peripheral blood of the proportion of
      lymphocytes with receptors for activated complement is responsible for changes in
      the antibody-mediated lymphocyte cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1082401
TI  - In vitro lymphocyte reactivity and T-cell levels in chronic cigarette smokers.
AB  - Peripheral blood total leucocyte, lymphocyte and thymus-dependent lymphocyte (T
      cell) levels and in vitro lymphocyte reactivity (LR) to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)
      were determined in 153 chronic cigarette smokers and 115 non-smokers ranging in
      age from 20 to 78 years. Total leucocyte, lymphocyte and T-cell levels were
      significantly elevated in smokers. There was no correlation with age. LR to PHA
      was significantly higher in smokers less than 40 years of age or in those with a
      20 pack-year or less history of cigarette consumption. Older smokers or those
      with a history of heavier cigarette consumption did not differ from normals. The
      results contrast with previous demonstrations of suppression of immune reactivity
      after exposure to tobacco products. The possible effects of the apparent
      stimulation of the lymphoid system by chromic cigarette consumption is
      considered.

PMID- 1082402
TI  - Spontaneous autorosette-forming cells in man. A marker for a subset population of
      T lymphocytes?
AB  - A subpopulation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes are capable of binding with
      human (autologous or allogeneic) erythrocytes, forming rosettes. The conditions
      which lead to autorosette formation are similar to those required for sheep red
      cell rosetting. Ageing human erythrocytes are shown to bear less of the
      determinants involved in the phenomenon than younger ones. Evidence is presented
      that autorosetting is a T-cell marker. As autorosette-forming cells are very
      sensitive to the inhibiting effects of ATG they could therefore belong to a T
      cell subpopulation.

PMID- 1082403
TI  - Hyperimmunoglobulinaemia, T-cell deficiency and plasmacytosis in RFM mice with
      host versus graft disease induced by the perinatal inoculations (T6XRFM)F1 spleen
      cells.
AB  - Host versus graft (HVG) syndrome may be induced in parental strain mice by
      perinatal inoculations of F1 hybrid spleen cells. The principal manifestations of
      the disease include thrombocytopaenia, intravascular fibrin deposits, intestinal
      haemorrhage, hepatic infarcts, lymphosplenomegaly and renal disease. Immune
      complexes have been shown to be the cause of the renal lesions, and have been
      implicated as the triggers for disseminated intravascular coagulation. In the
      present studies of RFM mice perinatally inoculated with (T6 x RFM)F1 spleen cells
      (RFM/(T6 x RFM)F1 mice), quantitative determinations of serum immunoglobulins
      (Ig) revealed marked elevations of IgG1, IgG2, IgA and IgM. Electrophoretic
      analyses revealed the polyclonal pattern which typically follows chronic
      antigenic stimulation. However, IgG1 levels which reached 29 to 72 times control
      values suggested disruption of homeostatic mechanisms which control circulating
      Ig levels. Because antibody responses to histocompatibility antigens were present
      only occasionally, and then in low titre, it seemed unlikely these antigens were
      the principal causes of hypergammaglobulinaemia and plasmacytosis. Morphological
      studies indicated that the elevated levels of Ig seen in end-stage HVG syndrome
      correlated well with marked plasmacytosis, the third morphological finding in a
      sequence that included the precocious development of germinal centres and
      subsequent depletion of thymic-dependent (T) lymphocytes. The fact that spleen
      cells from RFM/(T6 x RFM)F1 mice were severely impaired in their capacity to
      cause graft versus host disease in related (T6 x RFM)F1 and unrelated C3H mice
      provided strong evidence that the HVG reaction resulted in T-cell depletion,
      rather than specific immunoincompetence.

PMID- 1082404
TI  - Thymus dependence of the antibody response to tetanus toxoid in mice.
AB  - Both the IgM and IgG antibody responses to tetanus toxoid were greatly reduced in
      adult thymectomized, irradiated, foetal liver reconstituted mice, in contrast
      with results published for neonatally thymectomized mice. This evidence lends
      further support to the notion that all IgG responses to protein antigens are
      thymus dependent.

PMID- 1082405
TI  - Lymphocyte response to PHA in breast cancer: correlation of predicted prognosis
      to response to different PHA concentrations.

PMID- 1082406
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in mammary cancer after radiotherapy.

PMID- 1082407
TI  - Effect of splenectomy and radiotherapy on lymphocytes in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1082408
TI  - Triacetyloleandomycin in streptococcal throat infections. A reappraisal of an
      older antibiotic.

PMID- 1082409
TI  - A system-structured medical record for intensive care patient documentation.
AB  - The problem-oriented approach to the medical record has aroused a long overdue
      interest in the structuring of the medical case file. Clinical information in the
      traditional record is source-structured and time-sequenced, whereas the problem
      oriented system differs by being a problem-structured record retaining still a
      chronologic sequence. We have found that in acute illness the multiplicity of
      interacting pathophysiologic processes makes premature application of the problem
      oriented approach cumbersome and unwieldy. The formulation of the problem list at
      an early stage often led to the reduplication of problems, creating disorder in
      the clinical picture rather than serving to clarify it. Some used the simple
      cataloguing of events and data as a substitute for clinical judgment and decision
      making, focusing more upon style rather than content of the medical record. By
      using a rigid physiologic system-structured "problem" list and a modification of
      the SOAP (Subjective Objective, Assessment, Plan) subdivision, we have improved
      the documentation of our intensive care patients. The summary of the patient's
      stay in the intensive care unit is structured with active and inactive problems,
      this summary to be further used as the permanent problem list.

PMID- 1082410
TI  - Complete obstruction of the left main coronary artery associated with congenital
      pulmonary valvular stenosis.
AB  - The surgical treatment of the completely obstructed left main coronary artery is
      aortocoronary saphenous-vein bypass to the left coronary artery system. Without
      surgical intervention, this lesion has an exceedingly poor prognosis. This report
      describes a patient with atherosclerotic obstruction of the left main coronary
      artery and congenital pulmonary valvular stenosis, an unusual combination of
      lesions not previously documented together. The patient remains asymptomatic 22
      months after aortocoronary saphenous-vein bypass and pulmonary valvotomy.

PMID- 1082411
TI  - Immunologic mechanisms in experimental interstitial pneumonitis.

PMID- 1082412
TI  - [Dedifferentiation during amphibian limb regeneration and sources of formation of
      the regenerating blastema].

PMID- 1082413
TI  - [New data on the circadian biorhythm of wakefulness and sleep in vertebrates].

PMID- 1082414
TI  - Toxicity of polybrominated biphenyls Firemaster BP-6 in rodents.

PMID- 1082415
TI  - [The quantitative determination of the individual CSF proteins in the diagnosis
      of inflammatory diseases of the CNS in children (author's transl)].
AB  - Albumin, IgG, IgA, IgM, transferrin, and alpha 1-antitrypsin were determined
      quantitatively in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 44 healthy children and 37
      pediatric patients with central nervous system diseases. Neither IgA nor IgM were
      found in the CSF of normal children, but they were present in cases of purulent
      and non-bacterial meningitis. In cases of encephalitis all proteins studied were
      increased except IgA and IgM, which could not be demonstrated. On the basis of
      the results it may be concluded that the increase of IgG in the CSF in bacterial
      and a bacterial meningitis is due to an increased permeability of the blood-CSF
      barrier. Except in cases with ependymitis, IgG is produced only in small amounts
      in or near the CSF spaces even in the presence of inflammation of the meninges.
      The quantitative determination of IgG, IgA, and IgM in case of increased CSF
      protein content may facilitate the differential diagnosis between purulent and
      acute viral meningitis and encephalitis.

PMID- 1082416
TI  - Steroid sensitivity of the PHA and PWM responses of fractionated human
      lymphocytes in vitro.

PMID- 1082417
TI  - Restoration of vision in genetically eyeless axolotls (Ambystoma mexicanum).

PMID- 1082418
TI  - Effects of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in infant rats on neuronal growth
      and synaptogenesis.

PMID- 1082419
TI  - Adrenaline and the electrogenic sodium pump in Rana catesbeiana sympathetic
      ganglion cells.
AB  - The effect of adrenaline on the Na+-pump in bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)
      sympathetic ganglion cells was studied by use of electrophysiological methods.
      The rate of removal of excess Na+ injected into a ganglion cell was increased by
      adrenaline. The K+-activated hyperpolarization of cell membrane, which might be
      produced by an electrogenic Na+-pump, was also increased by adrenaline. These
      results suggested that adrenaline was able to accelerate the Na+-pump, possibly
      the electrogenic Na+-pump.

PMID- 1082420
TI  - [Influence of imipramine on arousal from winter hibernation].
AB  - Imipramine (20 and 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally) is shown to delay the arousal of
      gophers from hibernation. This effect is similar to the action of serotonin (5
      mg/kg) and 5-oxytryptophan (50 mg/kg). In the latter, however, the action on the
      thermogenesis is most pronounced and, because of this the warming up of the
      gophers is inhibited, while imipramine acts on the arousal. Tranylcypromine (20
      mg/kg) failed to exert any substantial effect on the worming up and arousal of
      gophers from hibernation and attenuated the action of imipramine.

PMID- 1082421
TI  - [The role of the hypothalamus in the mechanism of positional nystagmus].
AB  - The typical positional nystagmus was induced in 30 intact rabbits with injection
      of 0.1-0.4 ml of 0.03-0.05% dicaine solution into the cerebral cisterna magna.
      The positional nystagmus resulted, supposedly, from the effect of the anesthetic
      upon the basal structures of the 3rd ventricle of the brain, upon the
      hypothalamus in particular. The trigger mechanism of the phenomenon is the
      displacement of the membraneous ampullae of semicircular canals at the tilting of
      the head. To prove this, 0.01-0.03 ml of 4% dicaine solution were injected
      directly into the anterior and posterior hypothalamus through a metallic cannula.
      When introduced into the anterior hypothalamus the dose of the anesthetic
      necessary for occurrence of the positional nystagmus is two or three times lesser
      than when it is injected into the posterior nypothalamus. In two delabyrinthed
      rabbits we failed to induce the nystagmus in this way.

PMID- 1082422
TI  - Differential effects of vasopressin on the water, calcium and lysosomal enzyme
      contents of mitochondria-rich and lysosome-rich (granular) epithelial cells
      isolated from bullfrog urinary bladder.
AB  - Treatment of bullfrog urinary bladder with arginine vasopressin (AVP) elicited a
      dose-dependent increase in the basal movement of water and sodium across isolated
      tissues. Epithelial cells from the mucosal surface and incubated with 10 mU
      AVP/ml for 30 min retained a greater amount of intracellular water and calcium
      than cells not treated with hormone. The epithelial cells were further separated
      into two major fractions by density gradient centrifugation; cells damaged during
      these manipulations were separated from viable cells and discarded. Morphologcal
      examination of the two respective fractions indicated that they largely consisted
      of mitochondria-rich (MR) and granular (G) cell types which line the lumen of
      bullfrog bladder. The calcium content of MR cells averaged 25% greater than that
      of G-type cells. G cells had a markedly higher content of the characteristic
      lysosomal hydrolases, acid phsophatase and cathepsin B1, than that found in MR
      cells. Incubation of G cells with AVP elicited significant increments in water
      and calcium contents and extracellular release of lysosomal enzymes as compared
      to untreated cells. Among MR cells treated with AVP, cell calcium declines
      slightly but no significant increase in water content or extracellular hydrolase
      activity was detected in comparison  with paired control cells. The physiological
      significance of acid proteinase release from G cells treated with AVP was
      evaluated in experiments with intact bladder. Proteinase inhibitors which
      suppress the activity of cathepsin B1 selectively antagonized the action of
      hormone on water permeation. The data suggest that alterations in the calcium and
      lysosomal hydrolase activity associated with G cells exposed to AVP may
      contribute to the hormone-induced water flow observed across the intact
      epithelium.

PMID- 1082423
TI  - In vitro studies of inflammatory bowel disease. Surface receptors of the
      mononuclear cell required to lyse allogeneic colonic epithelial cells.
AB  - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with either Crohn's disease or
      ulcerative colitis (collectively referred to as inflammatory bowel disease) are
      cytotoxic in vitro for isologous or allogeneic colonic epithelial cells.
      Utilizing the ability of thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes to bind sheep red blood
      cells to their surface and the property of bone marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes to
      display easily detectable surface immunoglobulin determinants, the cytoxicity of
      these lymphocyte subpopulations was tested. The results indicate that the
      mononuclear cell required for the lysis of colonic epithelium was not included
      within the bulk of T or B lymphocytes. Indeed, enrichment for cytotoxicity
      correlated best with enrichment for a mononuclear cell population lacking
      classical T or B markers. Additionally, mononuclear cells specifically adhering
      to plastic petri dishes coated with heat-aggregated immunoglobulin, and thus
      presumably bearing a surface Fc receptor, were enriched in their cytotoxicity.
      Alternatively, cells not adhering to aggregated Ig-coated petri dishes were
      relatively depleted of cytotoxicity. The implications of these findings as they
      relate to possible interactions between cellular and humoral immune mechanisms as
      a pathogenic mechanism for the colonic inflammatory process noted in patients
      with inflammatory bowel disease are discussed.

PMID- 1082424
TI  - Isolation and kinetic characteristics of mucosal lymphocytes in Crohn's Disease.
AB  - Single cell suspensions of lymphocytes have been prepared from human gut mucosa,
      and short-term culture used to characterize the kinetics of DNA synthesis of
      mucosal lymphocytes. High rates of DNA synthesis were found in 72-hr cultures of
      Crohn's disease mucosal lymphocytes, compared with normal subjects. These high
      rates correlated with the appearance of numerous transformed blast cells in
      terminated cultures. Lymphocytes from normal and abnormal human gut mucosa were
      stimulated by phytohemagglutinin-P, except in some patients with Crohn's disease
      with high rates of "spontaneous" DNA synthesis. The isolation and culture of
      human gut mucosal lymphocytes by a simple preparative technique will enable the
      direct study of lymphocyte function in both normal and diseased gut mucosa.

PMID- 1082425
TI  - Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Comparative ability of murine
      Peyer's patch and spleen cells to lyse lipopolysaccharide-coated and uncoated
      erythrocytes.
AB  - Lymphoid cells from nonsensitized donors can be cytotoxic in vitro for target
      cells coated with antibody. The antibody can be directed either against antigens
      which are intrinsic to or experimentally attached to the target cell surface.
      Killing of target cells by this method has been termed antibody-dependent cell
      mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). In these investigations we compared the ability of
      Peyer's patch cells and spleen cells from nonsensitized mice to lyse
      lipoplysaccharide-coated and uncoated target cells by an ADCC mechanism. The
      results demonstrate that spleen cells, but not Peyer's patch cells, from
      identical mice can be cytotoxic for lipopolysaccharide-coated chicken
      erythrocytes (CRBC) in the presence of anti-lipopolysaccharide antibody and
      uncoated CRBC in the presence of anti-CRBC antibody. Thus, Peyer's patches in
      mice appear to be deficient in the effector cell type(s) required to kill
      antibody-coated erythrocyte target cells by an ADCC mechanism as well as the
      macrophage-like accessory adherent cell type(s) required for the induction of
      humoral antibody synthesis and cell-mediated cytotoxic allograft reactions in
      vitro.

PMID- 1082426
TI  - Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis induced by intraarterial vasopressin therapy.
AB  - Two patients developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis after infusions of
      vasopressin into the superior mesenteric or gastroduodenal arteries for upper
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The peritonitis in these patients differed from the
      typical picture in which a single aerobic organism is responsible, by the
      presence of multiple organisms, some of which were anaerobic. These findings
      suggest that the arterial vasoconstriction decreased the integrity of the
      intestinal mucosal barrier and permitted the transmural migration of enteric
      organisms from the lumen of the bowel into the ascites-filled peritoneal cavity.

PMID- 1082427
TI  - A new prototype 2-channel upper gastrointestinal operating fiberscope.

PMID- 1082428
TI  - Angiodysplasia of the cecum: colonoscopic diagnosis.

PMID- 1082429
TI  - Diverticular disease of the colon: a bane of the elderly.

PMID- 1082430
TI  - [Changes in the coordination of movements in school children with rheumatism].

PMID- 1082431
TI  - [Ulcerative hemorrhagic colitis in the Socialist Republic of Macedonia].

PMID- 1082432
TI  - [Concentration of alpha 1 antitrypsin in children with pulmonary disease].

PMID- 1082433
TI  - [Method of autovenous aorto-coronary shunt].

PMID- 1082434
TI  - [Treatment of Spastic Gait Disorders Using an "Electro-Gait-Stimulator
      ("Schrittstimulator") (author's transl)].
AB  - A short historical outline of electric treatment of spasticity is given. A
      specially developed management with a "gait-stimulator" is described. Four
      muscles of each lower extremity being mainly engaged in walk were electrically
      stimulated in the physiological sequences according to the normal gait. The used
      electric impulses were of a duration of 0,25 msec and an intensity up to 700 V.
      Using such a "gain-stimulator" in spastic-paraparetic patients a reduced
      spasticity has been achieved. Positive effect of this treatment has been mostly
      pronounced, when the programming of impulses was adjusted to the end of the
      expected physiological contraction of the corresponding muscles. Physiological
      and pathological data of the "Silent period" is proposed to be mostly involved.
      The application of impulses in physiological sequences seems to reactivate normal
      reflex - mechanisms which are disturbed by supraspinal laesion. The results
      indicate that the electric impulses activates muscle-sensory - organs and that
      impulses on these organs produce a pace-making function on the spinal cord, which
      lessens spasticity.

PMID- 1082435
TI  - [Synthesis and biological activity of some cystine peptides from the active
      center of the basic trypsin inhibitor from bovine organs (Kunitz inhibitor)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The synthesis of the following 3 model peptides from the active center of the
      inhibitor molecule is described: (see article). The 3 peptides are split by
      trypsin with velocities increasing from (I) to (III). The following Ki values
      were determined: (I) Ki = 2.3 x 10(-2)M; (II) Ki = 4.9 x 10(-3)M; (III) Ki = 2.1
      x 10(-3)M. These Ki values differ from the Ki values of the Kunitz inhibitor by a
      factor 10(11) to 10(12).

PMID- 1082436
TI  - Cytogenetic and cell-surface marker studies in two non-Hodgkin's lymphomata of T
      cell origin.
AB  - The chromosomes from 2 cases of lymphoma involving proliferation of abnormal T
      lymphocytes are described. The tumours differed histologically and chromosomally,
      although certain of the structural chromosome changes found are of common
      occurrence in other, mostly B-cell, lymphomata.

PMID- 1082437
TI  - A high-power gastric photocoagulator for fiberoptic endoscopy.

PMID- 1082438
TI  - Evidence against T-cell immunoglobulin from radioimmunoassay on serum and cells
      from bursectomized chickens.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay with a sensitivity of about 50 pg of chicken immunoglobulin
      (Ig) was developed and employed for the estimation of Ig in the serum and in
      extracts of cells from hormonally bursectomized chickens. Chickens, which were
      judged agammaglobulinaemic by rocket immunoelectrophoresis, had at 12 weeks of
      age 5-100 ng of Ig/ml of serum. The Ig concentration was decreasing with a half
      life of 5 days. Thymus and spleen cells from such hypogammaglobulinaemic chickens
      were extracted with non-ionic detergents, acid urea, or combinations of urea and
      detergent, and the extracts were analysed for Ig by the inhibition assay. The
      amount of Ig found in extracts from thymocytes corresponded to less than a
      hundred molecules of 7S Ig/cell with a lower value of less than five
      molecules/cell, while extracts of spleen cells contained Ig corresponding to 60
      300 molecules of Ig/cell. The inclusion in the media of a number of protease
      inhibitors did not increase the recovery. Extracts of thymus and spleen cells
      from untreated chickens contained Ig corresponding to 10-20 X 10(3) and 50-150 X
      10(3) molecules of Ig/cell respectively. The results demonstrate the profound
      hypogammaglobulinaemia of bursectomized chickens and question the concept of an
      active production of receptor Ig by bursa-independent T cells.

PMID- 1082439
TI  - Requirement for T cells in the antibody response of mice to calf skin collagen.
AB  - The antibody response to triple-helical calf skin collagen is apparently
      regulated by T cells since nude mice (BALB/c strain) responded to this antigen
      only after transfer of T cells. Syngeneic transfer of B and T cells was required
      to prepare thymectomized and irradiated normal C57B1/10 recipients for an anti
      collagen response. Reconstitution by B cells alone was unsuccessful. The results
      are compatible with previous evidence on the H-2 linked genetic control of the
      antibody response to and the non-repetitious nature of helical antigenic
      determinants in calf collagen.

PMID- 1082440
TI  - Prevalence of non-specific sensitivity in some parts of India.

PMID- 1082441
TI  - Are growth studies vital: which methodology to choose?

PMID- 1082442
TI  - Lymphocyte response to T-cell mitogen during experimental gingivitis in humans.
AB  - This study was conducted to evaluate the dose response relationships of
      peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) by stimulation of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
      during the onset of oral inflammation. Eleven dental students underwent a 3-week
      experimental gingivitis program (Loe et al., 1965). At time zero, weeks 1, 2, and
      3, and after 1 week of reinstituted oral hygiene (week 4), the plaque
      accumulations were evaluated, the degree of gingival inflammation was assessed,
      and a blood sample was taken. Quadruplicate microcultures each containing 2 x
      10(5) PBL in 0.2 ml of tissue culture medium 199 and 10% fetal calf serum were
      stimulated with five concentrations of PHA (10 to 0.5 mug/ml) and incubated for
      78 h at 37 C in 5% CO2. [3H]thymidine was added to each culture for the final 8
      h. The cultures were then harvested and counted by liquid scintillation, and
      stimulation indexes (SI) were determined. At time zero the maximum PBL response
      occurred at a PHA concentration of 5 mug/ml (SI = 100). During weeks 1, 2, and 3
      the location of the maximum PBL response shifted to a lower PHA concentration
      (1.0 mug/ml) and increased to over SI =400. The phenomenon of shifting peak PHA
      responses to lower PHA concentrations could be observed after only 1 week of
      developing gingival inflammation. The PBL response returned to pre-experimental
      values after 1 week of reinstituted oral hygiene, which resolved the oral
      inflammation. The findings show that a dose response relationship exists between
      PHA concentrations and the PBL response. If these dose response changes seen
      during developing gingival inflammation are ignored, either a decrease, increase,
      or no change in PBL response can be shown depending upon the PHA concentration
      evaluated. Owing to the dose-dependent nature of this PBL response, it is
      advisable to routinely use dose response curves in order to properly evaluate the
      full responsiveness of PBL to mitogenic substances.

PMID- 1082443
TI  - Cellular immunity in Peyer's patches of rats infected with Trichinella spiralis.
AB  - A rat model of Trichinella spiralis gut infection was used to observe the
      sequence of developing cellular immunity in Peyer's patches and other lymphoid
      tissues. Whereas cellular reactivity (lymphocyte blastogenesis) for worm antigens
      was evident in mesenteric lymph nodes draining the gastrointestinal tract within
      3 days after infection, Peyer's patch lymphocytes developed maximal reactivity 2
      to 3 weeks later at the same time as the spleen and other lymphoid tissues.
      Furthermore, the immune reactivity found in Peyer's patches was only transient.
      Thus, in this parasitic gut infection, the Peyer's patch lymphoid tissue does not
      appear to be the first site of cellular responsiveness but rather to acquire
      cellular reactivity only when other lymphoid elements in the infected host have
      also acquired similar antigen-induced reactivity.

PMID- 1082444
TI  - T and CR+ lymphocyte profile in leprosy and the effect of treatment.
AB  - Thymus-derived lymphocytes (T lymphocytes) and complement receptor-bearing
      lymphocytes (CR+ lymphocytes) were estimated by using erythrocyte rosettes and
      erythrocyte-antibody-complement rosettes as markers in untreated lepromatous and
      untreated tuberculoid patients and in healthy controls. Treated lepromatous cases
      were also investigated. Ten cases of untreated lepromatous patients were
      reassessed 6 months or more after therapy commenced. A significant decrease in
      both percentages and absolute numbers of CR+ cells in the untreated lepromatous
      leprosy subjects was observed. This decrease showed a return to normal levels
      after treatment. The percentage of T cells in the untreated lepromatous cases was
      normal; however, the absolute numbers of T cells and the total lymphocyte count
      showed a significant decrease. After therapy, the T cell population was unchanged
      but the total number of lymphocytes increased significantly with treatment. The
      absolute number of T and CR+ cells was significantly less in the untreated than
      in the treated lepromatous patients.

PMID- 1082445
TI  - Effect of viral and bacterial pneumonias on cell-mediated immunity in humans.
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was assessed during infection and after
      convalescence in 12 patients with influenza pneumonia and 10 patients with
      bacterial pneumonia. The patients with influenza pneumonia had a marked
      impairment of skin test reactivity, and their lymphocytes showed a diminished
      response to phytohemagglutinin and streptokinase-streptodornase stimulation in
      vitro. Suppression of CMI was related to the severity of the pneumonia. Patients
      with bacterial pneumonia showed as great a suppression of the response to
      phytohemagglutinin and streptokinase-streptodornase as the patients with viral
      pneumonia. All parameters of CMI returned to normal in both groups after
      convalescence. The depression of CMI could not be related to a decrease in the
      number of thymus-derived lymphocytes or to serum-suppressive factors in these
      patients.

PMID- 1082446
TI  - Quantitation of B and T lymphocytes in guinea pigs with evidence for a release of
      both cell types from the spleen into the blood.
AB  - B and T lymphocytes were quantitated in lymphoid organs and in blood of young
      normal guinea pigs by the use of EAC rosettes and rabbit erythrocyte (RE)
      rosettes as markers. Special attention was focused on the release of B and T
      cells from the spleen, estimated from the difference between the content of B and
      T cells in splenic efferent and afferent blood. The following frequencies of
      resette-forming cells (RFC) were found. Thymus: 0.3% EAC- and 88% RE-RFC; spleen:
      44% EAC- and 46% RE-RFC; lymph nodes: 13% EAC- and 39% RE-RFC; arterial blood:
      13% EAC- and 42% RE-RFC, and bone marrow: 2% EAC- and 7% RE-RFC. A fairly large
      number of cells in the lymph nodes and blood could not be identified by any of
      the two markers. Some possible explanations for this are discussed. The content
      of both EAC- and RE-RFC in splenic efferent blood significantly exceeded that in
      the afferent blood, indicating a release of both B and T cells from the spleen
      into the blood. The possibility of a release of a third type of mononuclear cell
      cannot be excluded from the present results.

PMID- 1082447
TI  - A case of unusual SLE related syndrome characterized by erythema multiforme,
      angioneurotic edema, marked hypocomplementemia, and Clq precipitins of the low
      molecular weight type.
AB  - Our patient and those of Agnello et al. had identical clinical symptoms such as
      erythema multiforme, arthralgias and angioneurotic edema and both differed from
      systemic lupus erthematosus in several important points, i.e., in spite of marked
      hypocomplementemia the nephropathy is not prominent and it needs high-dose
      steroids to eliminate the clinical and serological abnormalities. In addition to
      the features reported by Agnello et al. we found increased viral antibody titers
      in our patient's sera.

PMID- 1082448
TI  - Different surface glycoprotein patterns on human T-, B- and leukemic-lymphocytes.
AB  - We have labelled the exposed surface glycoproteins of human blood T- and B
      lymphocytes and cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia by the
      galactose oxidase-tritiated sodium borohydride method. The labelled glycoproteins
      were separated by polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis and visualized by
      autoradiography. The T- and B-lymphocytes show different and characteristic
      surface glycoprotein patterns. The surface glycoprotein patterns of the leukemic
      cells differ from those of normal, non-malignant lymphocytes. A relationship
      between the altered surface glycoprotein pattern of leukemic cells and the
      expression of leukemia-associated antigens is discussed.

PMID- 1082449
TI  - Non-T-cell resistance against a mouse Moloney lymphoma.
AB  - We have previously shown that spleen cells from normal mice contain lymphocytes
      that kill certain in vitro-grown Moloney lymphoma lines in a 51Cr release test.
      The killing activity shows a marked dependence on the genotype of the donor
      mouse. In vivo rejection studies with a Moloney lymphoma line in various normal
      semisyngeneic F1 hybrids showed a clear positive correlation between in vitro
      natural cytotoxicity and in vivo rejection. Thus mice can be grouped as high- or
      low-reactive according to their in vitro cytolytic behavior as well as their in
      vivo rejection potential. A lymphoid cell without detectable T- or B-cell markers
      is responsible for the in vitro killing effect. The present study also shows that
      the in vivo growth inhibitory function is T-cell-independent. Lymphoid cells
      depleted of T- and B-cells and transferred together  with Moloney lymphoma cells
      into an irradiated syngeneic recipent were highly efficient in delaying tumor
      growth. Furthermore, syngeneic or semisyngeneic thymecto-mized, irradiated, fetal
      liver-reconstituted mice showed if anything an increased in vivo resistance to a
      Moloney lymphoma compared to control mice. In contrast, tumor cells
      histoincompatible with regard to the H-2 locus showed the expected preferential
      growth in the thymectomized animals. We thus conclude that the major in vivo
      resistance against transplantation of the syngeneic or semisyngeneic Moloney
      lymphoma used in this study is T-independent.

PMID- 1082450
TI  - [Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency and liver diseases].

PMID- 1082451
TI  - Association of human alpha1-antitrypsin with anhydrotrypsin.
AB  - Unlike in the reaction of anhydrotrypsin and soybean trypsin inhibitor, human
      alpha1-antitrypsin was found not to form a complex with bovine anhydrotrypsin.
      This was shown using three different methods: electrophoresis, affinity
      chromatography on an anhydrotrypsin-coupled Sepharose column and equilibrium
      competitive binding assay. These results indicate the importance of the active
      site serine of trypsin in formation of a complex with alpha1-antitrypsin.

PMID- 1082452
TI  - Adenosine deaminase activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Relationship to B-
      and T-cell subpopulations.
AB  - The level, phenotypes, and isozyme distribution of adenosine deaminase (ADA) were
      determined in lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
      The ADA level in lymphocytes from patients with untreated CLL was consistently
      lower than in lymphocytes from normal subjects. No significant differences were
      found in the phenotype or isozyme distribution. In untreated patients, the ADA
      level was inversely correlated with the lymphocyte count and the percentage of
      bursa-equivalent (B) cells. After therapy, a diminution in the lymphocyte count
      was associated with an increase of ADA activity towards normal levels. The ADA
      levels were slightly higher in the thymus-derived (T) than in the B lymphocytes
      from normal subjects. The B cells had lower activity than T cells in patients
      with CLL. They also had a lower activity than the B cells from normal subjects.
      The ADA level was 2.3-fold higher in T cells from patients with CLL than in
      normal T cells. The decrease in ADA levels is an anomaly that is reversible and
      appears to be a reflection of the proliferation of abnormal B cells in this
      disorder.

PMID- 1082453
TI  - Spontaneous cytotoxicity (SCMC) of normal human lymphocytes against a human
      melanoma cell line: a phenomenon due to a lymphotoxin-like mediator.
AB  - Spontaneous cell-mediated cytotoxicity (SCMC) of normal human lymphocytes against
      various allogenic tumor cell lines has recently been identified as a non-T
      lymphocyte function. In this study evidence is presented that SCMC against a
      human melanoma cell line (IGR3) involves a nonspecific lymphotoxin-like
      mediator(s) (LT), which is rapidly produced by lymphocytes that are retained on
      IgG-anti-IgG columns. LT was shown to inhibit in 48-hr cultures the DNA synthesis
      of growing IGR3 and HeLa cell monolayers. Furthermore, in short term 51Cr-release
      assays using IGR3 target cells, LT increased strongly the SCMC of normal
      allogeneic lymphocytes, although it exhibited little cytotoxicity by itself in
      this assay. LT was detectable in cell-free supernatants harvested after 6 hr from
      co-cultures of IGR3 melanoma cells and normal effector lymphocytes, but not in
      supernatants from melanoma cells alone or lymphocytes alone. Lymphocyte
      preparations that had been passed through IgG-anti-IgG columns had lost the
      capacity to generate LT and were poor effectors in SCMC. However, in the presence
      of LT, a small proportion of null cells, which pass through IgG-anti-IgG columns,
      was capable of inducing strong SCMC. Absorption of the supernatants, containing
      LT activity, with an insolubilized rabbit-anti-human IgG antiserum did not remove
      the mediator, suggesting that it is not an immunoglobulin.

PMID- 1082454
TI  - Activation of purified human thymus-derived (T) cells by mitogens. II. Monocyte-
      macrophage potentiation of mitogen-induced DNA synthesis.
AB  - Thymus-derived (T) cells from peripheral blood were purified by rosette formation
      with neuraminidase-treated sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and centifugation on
      Ficoll-Hypaque. T cells recovered from the pellet were freed of SRBC by treatment
      with Tris-NH4Cl. T cells purified by this method showed a diminished ability to
      take up 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) after mitogen stimulation when compared to the
      mitogenic response of an equal number of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear
      lymphocytes (PBL). Autologous monocytes restored the capacity of purified T cells
      to take up 3H-TdR in the presence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or Concanavalin A
      (Con A). The effect was proportional to the number of monocytes added. Similar
      restorative effects could be obtained with allogeneic or xenogeneic monocytes.
      These data suggest that the mitogenic stimulation of human PBL and Con A may
      reflect the participation of more than one cell type: the T cells and monocyte
      and that the genetic origin of the monocyte is not critical for augmentation of
      the mitogenic activation of human T cells.

PMID- 1082455
TI  - The distribution of Ia antigens on the surfaces of lymphocytes.
AB  - The distribution of Ia antigens was studied on murine spleen lymphocytes by an
      ultrastructural technique employing deep freeze-etched replicas. Ia antigens were
      labeled on cells from appropriate congenic and recombinant strains of mice by
      incubating the cells with FITC-conjugated anti-Iak antibody, followed by ferritin
      coupled Fab anti-FITC. Ia antigens were detected predominantly on immunoglobulin
      (Ig)-bearing B lymphocytes. Antigens coded for by the entire Ik region were
      present on the surfaces of 95% of the positive cells (from B10.BR mice) in
      densely packed microclusters. Ia specificities coded for by the I-A and I-C
      subregions (on 4R and B10.HTT mice) exhibited a more variable pattern, with 30 to
      35% of the labeled cells having sparsely distributed Ia antigens in relatively
      discrete microclusters. Binding of anti-Iak antibody at 37 degrees C led to patch
      formation but not to capping. Modulation of surface Ig left Ia antigens diffusely
      distributed on the cell surface, indicating that these two membrane proteins are
      independent molecules.

PMID- 1082456
TI  - In vitro generation of secondary cell-mediated cytotoxic response against a
      syngeneic Gross virus-induced lymphoma in rats.
AB  - Cell-mediated cytotoxic responses against a syngeneic Gross virus-induced
      lymphoma, (C58NT)D, in W/Fu rats were generated in vitro by using mixed
      lymphocyte-tumor cell cultures. The source of responding cells was either spleens
      from normal rats or spleens from rats carrying or having rejected (C58NT)D
      tumors. Mitomycin C-treated (C58NT)D tumor cells were used as stimulating cells.
      The secondary anti-tumor cytotoxic response occurred more rapidly and reached
      higher levels than the primary response, and it was antigen specific. T cells,
      but nor B cells or macrophages, were essential for both the induction and the
      effector phases of the secondary anti-tumor responses. These data suggest that
      specific memory T cells persist for long periods of time in the lymphoid organs
      of (C58NT)D immune rats, which can rapidly become cytotoxic upon re-exposure to
      antigen.

PMID- 1082457
TI  - In vitro response of subpopulations of human tonsil lymphocytes. I. Cellular
      collaboration in the proliferative response to PHA and Con A.
AB  - Human tonsil lymphocytes have been separated into three subpopulations of cells:
      purified B cells and two subsets of purified T cells (F1 and F2). B cells were
      obtained by rosetting with neuraminidase treated SRBC. F1 and F2 were separated
      by filtration on a nylon wool column using different speeds of elution. Purified
      B cells contained less than 5% T cells, the T cells preparations contained less
      than 5% B cells for F1 and 10 to 15% for F2, respectively. A significant
      contamination in cells not identified by any B or T marker was observed in
      purified B cells and in F1. Adherent cells enhanced the response of each
      lymphochte population to PHA and Con A. This explained the paradoxically low
      responsiveness of the purified T cells. Purified B cells did not respond to these
      mitogens in different culture conditions. However, a small B cell response was
      observed when they were cultured in the presence of mitomycin-treated T cells.
      Striking was the enhancing effect of B cells on the T cell response to PHA and
      Con A. This enhancing effect was observed even when B cells were treated with
      mitomycin or depleted in adherent cells. The comparison of the F1 and F2 response
      suggested that they contained distinct types of T cells.

PMID- 1082458
TI  - In vitro response of subpopulations of human lymphocytes. II. DNA synthesis
      induced by anti-immunoglobulin antibodies.
AB  - A significant and constant increase in DNA synthesis was observed in human
      lymphocytes cultured in the presence of purified anti-immunoglobulin antibodies
      specific for human IgG, IgA, and IgM. This has been found in cultures of
      lymphocytes isolated from blood, tonsils, spleen, and lymph nodes. The optimal
      culture conditions for blood and tonsil lymphocytes were determined. As a rule 6
      day cultures containing 2 x 10(6) cells/ml and 100 mug/ml of antibody yielded the
      highest 3H-thymidine uptake. Purified T cell cultures could not be stimulated,
      whereas a low response could be observed in most of the purified B cell cultures.
      Optimal culture conditions were the same for the B and total tonsil lymphocytes.
      However, when the purified B cells were totally depleted of T cells, no response
      was observed. A T and  B cell synergy has been demonstrated by supplementing B
      cell cultures with purified T cells, whether treated or not with mitomycin. These
      experiments indicated a permissive and potentiating effect of T cells on the B
      cell response. Cultures containing mitomycin-treated B cells and purified T cells
      (mB + T) could be stimulated by a-Ig, thus indicating a T cell proliferation. In
      keeping with this finding was the observation of an increased response of total
      lymphocytes supplemented with T cells but not with B cells. Adherent cells are
      necessary for an optimal response to a-Ig; they enhanced the B cell proliferation
      observed in (Tm + B) cultures and suppressed the response of T cells in (T + Bm)
      cultures.

PMID- 1082459
TI  - The role of lymphotoxin in target cell destruction induced by mitogen-activated
      human lymphocytes in vitro. II. The correlation of temperature and trypsin
      sensitive phases of lymphotoxin-induced and lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.
AB  - The in vitro destruction of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) coated Beta L cells by non
      immune human lymphocytes was resolved into two distinct phases--lymphocyte
      dependent and lymphocyte independent. The initial or lymphocyte-dependent phase
      occurred within the first 2 hr and proceeded equally well at 34 and 37 degrees C.
      The amount of lymphotoxin (LT) secreted by PHA-activated human lymphocytes in
      vitro to PHA stimulation was the same at 34 and 37 degrees C. Antiserum and
      complement inactivation of the aggressor lymphocytes at various intervals
      revealed that target cell lysis was lymphocyte independent. However, the latter
      phase was temperature dependent, i.e., proceeding at the permissive temperature
      of 37 degrees C, but inhibited at the restrictive temperature of 34 degrees C.
      Further experiments revealed that LT-induced destruction had the same temperature
      sensitivity as target cell cytolysis occurring during the lymphocyte-independent
      step. Trypsin treatment of target cells during an early period of the lymphocyte
      independent phase protected the target cell from subsequent death, indicating the
      aggressor lymphocyte has deposited a cytotoxic effector material on its surface.
      These results suggest the lymphocyte-dependent stage involves the processes
      required for the induction of LT synthesis and secretion. The actual cytolysis
      occurring during the lymphocyte-independent stage may be caused by LT or LT-like
      material(s) deposited on the target cell surface by the mitogen-activated human
      lymphocyte.

PMID- 1082460
TI  - Rosette formation between human b lymphocytes and zymosan-C3 complexes using
      different complement sources.
AB  - Sera from five animal species were studied as complement source in the
      preparation of zymosan-C3 complexes used to detect human B lymphocytes. There was
      no significant difference in the determination of the percentage of ZC rosette
      forming cells due to differences in complement source. Human B lymphocytes could
      not discriminate C3 from different species studied. Every one of these sources of
      complement may be used interchangeably without altering the percentage of B cells
      detected by this method.

PMID- 1082461
TI  - Induction of specific anti-guinea pig T cell sera in rabbits.
AB  - In an attempt to increase the specificity of antisera raised in rabbits against
      strain 2 guinea pig thymocytes and brain, the rabbits were screened for titres of
      natural antibodies to thymocytes and other lymphocytes. Although unimmunized
      rabbits commonly had moderate titres of cytotoxic antibodies to guinea pig
      thymocytes, occasional animals had low titres to thymocytes and moderate titres
      to bone marrow cells. Intravenous immunization of this latter group of rabbits
      with thymocytes led to the production of high titred anti-thymocyte sera which
      were easily made specific for thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) by absorption
      with L2 C lymphoma, a bone marrow-derived lymphoma of strain 2 guinea pigs. Sera
      raised against guinea pig brain in complete Freund's adjuvant which had high
      titres of antibodies to both thymocytes and bone marrow cells could be made
      specific for T cells only with great difficulty. The cytotoxic activity of the
      anti-T cell serum could be absorbed by strain 2 thymocytes and brain homogenates,
      while high dilutions of this serum inhibited the formation of spontaneous
      rosettes between guinea pig lymphoid cells and normal rabbit erythrocytes.

PMID- 1082462
TI  - 75SeL-selenomethionine: a new isotopic marker for lymphocyte localisation
      studies.
AB  - L-selenomethionine (SeM), an analogue of methionine containing Se, is
      incorporated by mouse and rat lymphocytes in vitro: labelled with 75Se (75SeM) it
      emits gamma-rays distinguishable in energy from those of 125I and 51Cr. The
      usefulness of 75SeM for lymphocyte localisation studies was investigated. Both B
      and T cells incorporated 75SeM. Reutilization of the isotope in the mouse after
      injection of killed cells or allogeneic cells into immunized recipients was 1-2%
      of the injected dose. The immunocompetence of labelled mouse T and B cells was
      assessed in irradiated recipients, no effect of 75SeM incorporation being found.
      The distribution of labelled lymphocytes from various tissues in syngeneic
      recipients was found to be comparable to that previously obtained with 51Cr.

PMID- 1082463
TI  - The influence of coronary artery bypass surgery on survival.

PMID- 1082464
TI  - [3 cases of histiocytosis X of the oral cavity].

PMID- 1082465
TI  - Mechanism of inhibition of adoptive transfer of tuberculin sensitivity in acute
      uremia.
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity is reduced in uremia, but the mechanism of this inhibition
      is poorly understood. To determine the site of inhibition a study of adoptive
      transfer of cell-mediated immunity was undertaken. Strain 13 guinea pigs were
      made uremic by ureteral ligation. Lymph node cells were isolated and transferred
      in the following three ways: Group 1: tuberculin sensitive nonuremic donors to
      nonimmune nonuremic recipients; Group 2: tuberculin sensitive nonuremic donors to
      nonimmune uremic recipients; Group 3: tuberculin sensitive uremic donors to
      nonimmune nonuremic recipients. There was no difference in the skin test
      responses of the transfer recipients in Groups 1 and 3, even though the uremic
      donors in Group 3 had lost their skin test reactivity. Transfer of tuberculin
      sensitivity was not successful in Group 2. These results indicate that the uremic
      state inhibits previously established skin test reactivity but does not prevent
      sensitized T lymphocytes from transferring cellular immunity.

PMID- 1082466
TI  - Management of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1082467
TI  - Otosclerotic obliteration of oval window niche: an analysis of the results of
      surgery.
AB  - 1. The massive otosclerotic focus, obliterating the oval window niche, has a
      relatively high case incidence of 11-2 per cent in South Australia. The three
      classes of obliterated footplate are defined. 2. Basic data of 109 consecutive
      surgical cases of obliterative otosclerosis are given. A brief description of
      operative techniques--vein graft and polyethylene tube in nine, and piston
      technique in 100--is given and the difficulties and complications arising at or
      after surgery are discussed. 3. Post-operative follow-up of patients with yearly
      audiometric assessment has been achieved in 105/109 (= 96-33%) at four years, and
      in 94/109 (= 86-26%) at five years. 4. The results of surgery are presented by
      many and varied methods including bar diagrams, post-operative hearing gains,
      post-operative bone-air gaps, speech discrimination studies and standard
      statistical analysis techniques. 5. The vein graft technique (nine cases) is very
      much inferior to the piston technique. Vein graft cases had a 33% incidence of
      profound sensori-neural loss due to bony reclosure of the window. 6. The piston
      technique (100 cases) gave hearing gains of 20 decibels or more in 91%, 30
      decibels or more in 71%, and 40 decibels or more in 41% of cases at five years
      post-operatively. The bone-air gap at five years post-operatively was diminished
      to 20 decibels or less in 88%, to 15 decibels or less in 85%, to 10 decibels or
      less in 77%, and complete closure or over-closure occurred in 52% of the
      patients. 7. Data analysis has established there is no change with time of the
      post-operative mean bone-air gap 500--2,000 Hz. over a period of at least five
      years, and thus that the piston operation gives a persisting and stable hearing
      result. 8. In predicting the effect of the piston operation only a rough guide
      can be obtained from other variables. In particular bone hardness, mucosal
      characteristics, sex and piston diameter appear to be irrelevant. Patients with a
      large bone conduction reading or a large air-bone gap appear to do slightly worse
      than patients with smaller values for these variables. There are no grounds for
      excluding a patient from operation on account of age, or the finding of active
      otosclerosis (soft bone and thickened vascular muco-periosteum). 9. From the data
      of piston operations, the estimated mean bone-air gap for the five-year
      examination period was 4-14 db. with a standard deviation of 12-5 db. 10. The
      piston operation is highly recommended as a safe and suitable method of
      alleviating, in the long-term, the conductive hearing loss of patients with
      obliterative otosclerosis of the oval window.

PMID- 1082468
TI  - Histopathological findings in the inner ear caused by measles.
AB  - An otopathological analysis of three cases of viral labyrinthitis was performed.
      Six temporal bones cut in serial sections were available for this study.
      According to the degree of degenerative changes in various parts of the inner ear
      two types of morphologically distinct labyrinthitis after measles are presented:
      the first one with the port of entrance through the internal auditory meatus and
      characterized by, first and most significantly, changes in the spiral ganglion
      cells; and the second, as described previously by Lindsay, with the port of
      entrance of the virus in the inner ear through the stria vascularis, with
      degenerative changes in various structures within the endolymphatic duct.

PMID- 1082469
TI  - Tax savings can be lost in Clifford trust pitfalls.

PMID- 1082471
TI  - Drug labeling for laymen?

PMID- 1082470
TI  - Ohio strives to resolve malpractice problem.

PMID- 1082472
TI  - Tailoring malpractice reforms.

PMID- 1082473
TI  - Drug labeling as a standard for medical care.

PMID- 1082474
TI  - Lessening liability associated with new drugs and drug reactions.

PMID- 1082475
TI  - Defective children, their parents, and the death decision.

PMID- 1082476
TI  - Complete log can justify entertainment deductions.

PMID- 1082478
TI  - The malpractice equation: a conceptual tool for analyzing the problem.

PMID- 1082477
TI  - Medical/legal status of consultants.

PMID- 1082479
TI  - Editorial: Whither goeth research?

PMID- 1082480
TI  - Protection of human research subjects: are ethics necessary?

PMID- 1082481
TI  - Medical, legal, and moral considerations in human experiments involving minors
      and incompetent adults.

PMID- 1082482
TI  - Mechanotherapist wins on license.

PMID- 1082483
TI  - MAC--a cutting tool for federal reimbursements on prescription drugs?

PMID- 1082484
TI  - New recommendations to update malpractice legislation.

PMID- 1082485
TI  - Very high tension with very little ATP breakdown by active skeletal muscle.
AB  - The tension developed and the chemical change occurring during stretching at
      velocities up to 2l0 sec-1 and during isometric contraction of
      dinitrofluorobenzene-treated and untreated frog sartorius muscle have been
      measured. At all velocities of stretching the tension was greater than during
      shortening at the same velocity and the mean rate of chemical change was less
      than or equal to the rates found in similar studies of shortening. For velocities
      0.18, 0.33 and 0.66l0 sec-1, the mean rate of chemical change was significantly
      less (P less than 0.05) than during shortening at the same velocity. At the
      highest velocity of stretching the tension at l0 was about 0.8 P0 and the mean
      rate of chemical change was about the same as that for isometric contraction. At
      low velocity (0.1 l0 sec-1) the tension was as high as 1.4 P0 and the mean rate
      of chemical change during the stretches at the three slowest velocities was
      significantly less (P less than 0.05) than during isometric contraction; the
      lowest mean rate of chemical change amounted to only about 25% of that for
      isometric contraction. The fact that the chemical change was so low suggests that
      during stretching crossbridges can form links and develop tension without
      breaking down ATP.

PMID- 1082486
TI  - Mechanical stresses and morphological patterns in amphibian embryos.
AB  - 1. Embryos of Rana temporaria have been dissected and shape alterations of
      different parts of the embryo, taking place within 1 h of separation, have been
      studied. Two categories of deformation have been revealed. 2. The first category
      comprises those deformations which take place immediately after separation. They
      are insensitive to cooling, cyanide and Cytochalasin B treatment. These
      deformations, which consist of a shortening of initially elongated cells, are
      considered to be the passive relaxations of previously established elastic tensil
      stresses. 3. Deformations of the second category proceed more slowly. They are
      inhibited by cooling, cyanide and Cytochalasin B treatment, are accompanied by
      elongation and migration of cells and occasionally lead to rather complex
      morphodifferentiations of isolated fragments. These processes are considered to
      be the result of the active work of intracellular contractile systems, either pre
      existing or induced de novo. 4. By analysing the arrangement of the passive
      deformations we have constructed maps of mechanical stresses in embryos from late
      blastula up to the early tail-bud stage. At several embryonic stages drastic
      transformations of the stress pattern occur, these transformations being
      separated by periods during which the pattern of stress distribution remains
      topologically constant. 5. A correlation between the arrangement of stress lines
      and the presumptive morphological pattern of the embryo is pointed out. 6. Some
      possible relations between tensile tissue stresses and active mechanochemical
      processes are discussed.

PMID- 1082487
TI  - The effect of ablation of the olfactory pits on the development of the habenular
      nuclei in Rana pipiens.
AB  - The habenular nuclei in the diencephalon of the frog, Rana pipiens, are
      asymmetrical structures: two discrete cell groups develop on the left side (as
      medial and lateral nuclei), while a single nucleus is formed on the right side.
      Experimental animals were subjected to bilateral removal of the olfactory pits at
      an early embryonic stage, and were maintained with normal control animals until
      metamorphosis was complete. The length, relative volume and cell number for each
      of the three nuclei were determined in the control and experimental animals at
      regular intervals during larval development. In the control animals, the left
      medial nucleus developed similarly to the right nucleus spatially and temporally;
      however, the left lateral nucleus was significantly different in its development
      in the three parameters measured. In the experimental animals the left medial and
      the right habenular nuclei were alone affected by the removal of the olfactory
      pits. The results provide experimental evidence that the right and left medial,
      but not the left lateral, habenular nuclei are centers receiving afferent
      olfactory fibers.

PMID- 1082488
TI  - Binding of components of the properdin system to cultured human lymphoblastoid
      cells and B lymphocytes.
AB  - Immunofluorescence studies showed that properdin (P) and factor B bind to C3-C3b
      receptor bearing human lymphoblastoid cells (Raji, Daudi) and B type human
      peripheral lymphocytes (HPL). P bound to Raji cells first incubated with normal
      human serum (NHS). EDTA, but not EGTA, halted the binding of P to cells incubated
      with NHS. However, fixation of P to Raji cells, after incubation with NHS first
      reacted with inulin, was independent of Ca++ and -g++ ions. Fixation of P to Raji
      cells depended on the presence of C3 or C3b and occurred in the absence of factor
      D and factor B. Binding of P to B type HPL was detectable only after incubation
      of these cells with NHS first reacted with inulin; under these conditions binding
      of P to Raji cells was also greatly enhanced. With both Raji cells and HPL,
      factor B was detectable on cell surfaces only after incubation of these cells
      with NHS first reacted with activators of the P system. Binding of factor B to
      cells required the presence of C3b and binding or stabilization of cell bound
      factor B necessitated the presence of activated P. P and factor B were detectable
      only on cultured cells having C3-C3b receptors. However, incubation of NHS with
      all lymphoblastoid cell lines studied resulted in activation of P and cleavage of
      factor B. Binding of P and factor B to cells may follow one of three sequences;
      (a) activated P in fluid phase combines with C3, factor D, and factor B, and the
      whole complex fixes to cellular C3-C3b receptors via its C3 moiety; (b) C3b
      generated in fluid phase combines with P, C3, factor D, and factor B and binds to
      C3-C3b receptors; or (c) C3 or C3b first binds onto the C3-C3b receptors and
      thereafter interacts with P, factor D, And factor B. Binding of components of the
      P system to cells or other particles may relate to such biological phenomena as
      lysis, phagocytosis, proliferation, attraction of other cell types, and
      alteration of responsiveness to external stimuli.

PMID- 1082489
TI  - Effects of anti-Ia sera on mitogenic responses. II. Differential expression of
      the Ia marker on phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A-reactive T cells.
AB  - Genes mapping in the I region of the H-2 complex control a system of lymphocyte
      alloantigens (Ia) which are expressed on a subpopulation of T cells and on most B
      cells. Specific anti-Ia serum in the presence of rabbit complement removed the
      splenic T-cell subpopulation responsive to Con-A, but did not affect the response
      to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or Leucoagglutinin. Antibodies specific for Ia, H-2K,
      or H-2D membrane antigens were used without complement to pretreat spleen cells.
      These antibody pretreated cells responded normally to Con-A and PHA.

PMID- 1082490
TI  - H-2 compatibility requirement for virus-specific T-cell-mediated cytolysis. The H
      2K structure involved is coded by a single cistron defined by H-2Kb mutant mice.
AB  - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis or vaccinia virus-immune spleen cells of H-2 mutant
      mice carrying a point mutation in the K region (B6 H-2ba, B6 H-2bf) cannot lyse
      infected wild-type H-2Kb targets and vice versa. Yet, cytotoxic T cells specific
      for infected H-2Kba or H-2Kbf targets are generated during virus infections as
      shown by cold target competition experiments. The critical structure for the
      apparent restriction by the K or D regions of the H-2 gene complex of cytolytic
      interactions between T cells and virus-infected target cells are therefore each
      coded, at least as shown for the K region, by a single cistron. This finding is
      most readily accommodated within the altered self concept (postulating that T
      cells are specific for virus-modified self structures) but cannot exclude the
      possibility of a physiological interaction mechanism being responsible for the
      apparent H-2 restriction of virus-specific cytotoxic T cells.

PMID- 1082491
TI  - T-lymphocyte-enriched murine peritoneal exudate cells. II. Genetic control of
      antigen-induced T-lymphocyte proliferation.
AB  - The recent introduction of a reliable, T-lymphocyte proliferation assay, which
      utilizes thioglycollate-induced, nylon wool column-passed, peritoneal exudate
      lymphocytes from immune mice (PETLES), allowed us to investigate the genetic
      control of murine immune responses at the T-lymphocyte level. Examination of the
      blast cells generated in this population 5 days after stimulation with antigen,
      revealed that 85% of the cells bore the Thy 1 antigen on their surface, whereas
      only 5% bore immunoglobulin. Thus, the assay can be considered to measure almost
      exclusively T-lymphocyte function. This assay was used to examine the T
      lymphocyte proliferative responses to seven different antigens:
      poly(Glu60Ala30Tyr10), poly(Glu58Lys38Tyr4), poly-(Tyr,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala--poly
      Lys, poly-(Phe,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala--poly-Lys, staphylococcal nuclease, lactate
      dehydrogenase H4, and the BALB/c IgA myeloma protein, TEPC-15. PETLES from a
      large number of different inbred mouse strains, including H-2 congenic resistant
      lines and H-2 recombinants, were studied. The strains could be classified as high
      responders, low responders, or nonresponders to a particular antigen as judged by
      the magnitude of the T-lymphocyte proliferative response. In every case but one
      this classification corresponded to the responder status given the strain based
      on its ability to mount an in vivo antibody response to the same antigen. For two
      of the antigens, poly-(Tyr,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala--poly-Lys and TEPC-15, the immune
      response genes controlling the T-lymphocyte proliferative response were mapped to
      the K region or I-A subregion of the major histocompatibility complex, as had
      previously been shown for the control of the antibody responses to these
      antigens. This tight linkage of the two phenotypic responses very strongly
      suggests that the same immune response gene controls the expression of both the
      proliferative and antibody responses. Since there is essentially no contribution
      from B lymphocytes in the T-lymphocyte proliferation assay, it seems reasonable
      to conclude that none of the seven immune response genes studied are expressed
      solely in B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082492
TI  - Participation of the H-2 antigens of tumor cells in their lysis by syngeneic T
      cells.
AB  - Cytotoxic T lymphocytes were generated in vitro against H-2 compatible or
      syngeneic tumor cells. In vitro cytotoxic activity was inhibited by specific anti
      H2 sera, suggesting that H-2 antigens are involved in cell lysis. Two
      observations directly demonstrated the participation of the H-2 antigens on the
      tumor cells in their lysis by H-2-compatible T cells. First, coating of the H-2
      antigens on the target tumor cell reduced the number of cells lysed on subsequent
      exposure to cytotoxic T cells. Second, when cytotoxic T cells were activated
      against an H-2 compatible tumor and assayed against an H-2-incompatible tumor,
      anti-H-2 serum that could bind to the target cell, but not to the cytotoxic
      lymphocyte, inhibited lysis. H-2 antigens were also shown to be present on the
      cytotoxic lymphocytes. Specific antisera reacting with these H-2 antigens, but
      not those of the target cell, failed to inhibit lysis when small numbers of
      effector cells were assayed against H-2-incompatible target cells or when
      effector cells of F1-hybrid origin and bearing two H-2 haplotypes were assayed
      against a tumor cell of one of the parental strains. These findings suggest that
      it is the H-2 antigens on the tumor cell and not those on the cytotoxic
      lymphocytes that are important in cell-mediated lysis of H-2-compatible tumor
      cells.

PMID- 1082494
TI  - The capacity of mitogen-responsive T cells to "home" to their tissue of origin,
      analyzed by means of chromosome markers.
AB  - Lance and Taub (1) showed that when radioactively labeled lymphocytes were
      injected into a syngeneic mouse and the lymph node cells of this animal
      transferred to a second syngeneic recipient, the proportion of radioactivity
      found in the lymph node relative to the amount present in the spleen of the
      secondary recipient had increased markedly. The interpretation of this result was
      that some lymphocytes have the capacity to "home" to their organ of origin. The
      purpose of the experiments described here was to test the "homing" copacity of T
      cells by a method that did not involve radioactive labeling. It has been shown
      elsewhere that some or all mouse T cells are stimulated to divide in culture by
      the mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) (2). We
      therefore elected to inject karyotypically distinct lymphocytes into syngeneic
      recipients and to follow their subsequent distribution by culture of lymph node
      and spleen cells of the recipient with PHA or Con A. In this manner the homing
      capacities of spleen and lymph node T cells could be determined, and furthermore,
      the effects of labeling with chromium-51 ((51)Cr) could be assayed with respect
      to the persistence of mitogen responsiveness in the injected cells.

PMID- 1082493
TI  - Factors regulating macrophage production and growth: identity of colony
      stimulating factor and macrophage growth factor.
AB  - The activities of a colony-stimulating factor (CSF), which stimulates granulocyte
      macrophage colony formation by mouse hemopoietic cells, and macrophage growth
      factor (MGF), which stimulates proliferation of activated peritoneal macrophages,
      have been demonstrated by various criteria to reside in the same molecular
      species. These criteria include occurrence in various sources and copurification
      of the activities in mouse L-cell-conditioned medium as well as the biological,
      physicochemical, and antigenic properties of the activities of L-cell-conditioned
      medium. CSF and MGF activities of L-cell-conditioned medium are ascribable to a
      glycoprotein of mol wt approximately 60,000 which migrates electrophoretically
      with alpha-globulin. Human urinary CSF, which also possesses MGF activity, has
      similar properties and can be neutralized by antiserum to highly purified L-cell
      medium CSF. A procedure is described for the partial purification of material
      from L-cell medium that has activity at 1 ng/ml in both MGF and CSF assays.

PMID- 1082495
TI  - Evidence for direct linkage between antigen recognition and lytic expression in
      effector T cells.
AB  - The relationship between antigen recognition and lytic expression by effector T
      cells was examined by coculturing two cytolytically active lymphoid cell
      populations. When antigen recognition between the populations could occur only in
      one direction, then cytotoxicity was expressed only in that direction and the
      population whose antigens were recognized lost its lytic activity. In contrast,
      the cocultured effector cell population fully maintained its lytic potential.
      This lack of reciprocal inactivation was taken as evidence that T-cell receptor
      accomodation by surface antigen is linked to the expression of cytolytic activity
      by effector T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082496
TI  - [Incidence of retinal complications in dystrophia myotonica].

PMID- 1082497
TI  - Postsynaptic effect of La3+ at the frog neuromuscular junction.

PMID- 1082498
TI  - Anatomical observations of the subarachnoid cisterns of the brain during surgery.
AB  - Subarachnoid cisterns and their contents are described briefly in the light of
      observations made during microsurgical explorations. The concept of intracranial
      surgery in terms of moving from one cistern to another is presented here with
      particular emphasis on the cisterns in surgical approaches to intracranial
      vessels and nerves for the treatment of aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations,
      and for surgery of basal tumors.

PMID- 1082499
TI  - Hemophilus influenzae bacteremia in children with sickle cell disease.

PMID- 1082500
TI  - Graded activation of myofibrils and the effect of diameter on tension development
      during contractures in isolated skeletal muscle fibres.
AB  - If the space constant of the T-system (lambdaT) its not large in comparison with
      the radius (a) of a muscle fibre, different levels of depolarization should
      activate different proportions of the cross-section. This possibility was tested
      in isolated muscle fibres with isotonic and isometric K  contractures. 2. During
      isonic contractures with more than 40 mM-K, wavy myofibrils appeared in the
      centre of the fibre. The sarcomere spacings (s) of the wavy myofibrils, measured
      parallel to the long axis of the myofibrils, were 1-9-1-95 mum. However, the
      superficial myofibrils could shorten to or below s=1-5 mum without becoming wavy.
      3. In the same muscle fibre where myofibrils became wavy during K contractures,
      no waviness appeared during repetitive electric stimulation in normal Ringer (50
      shocks/sec, 12 degrees C), although s decreased below 1-5 mum. Wavy myofibrils
      were interpreted as not activated. 4. With isometric contractures it was found
      that the amount of depolarization needed to obtain maximal tension was smaller
      for fibres of shorter radius. The degree of depolarization for producing maximal
      tension is related to a by 6 mV/10mum. 5. These results strongly suggest that in
      K contractures lambdaT is not large in comparison with a.

PMID- 1082501
TI  - Electromechanical studies on the inotropic effects of acetylstrophanthidin in
      ventricular muscle.
AB  - Three phases in the inotropic response of acetyl strophanthidin (AcS) on the
      electromechnical activity of the frog ventricular myocardium were identified and
      studied using a single sucrose voltage-clamp technique and other conventional
      electrophysiological methods. 2. the positive inotropic response of the drug was
      accompanied by a shift in tension-voltage relation, so that more tension
      developed with every depolarization step above the mechanical threshold (-50mV).
      Only at higher drug concentrations or with long exposure times did the mechanical
      threshold shift to more negative membrane potentials (-60 to-70 mV). 3. In
      tetrodotoxin-treated muscles AcS produced marked potentiation of twitch tension
      and an appropriate shift in the tension-voltage relation. 4. the positive
      inotropic response of the drug was not related to the magnitude of the direction
      of the fast or slow Na current. 5. in tetrodotoxin-treated ventricular strips the
      direction or the magnitude of the secondary inward current (ICa or INa) were not
      related to the inotropic effect of AcS. 6. AcS shortens the action potential
      markedly during the later stages of its positive inotropic response. When Ca2+ is
      omitted from the bathing solution AcS not only fails to shorten the action
      potential, but often prolongs it. 7. The shortening of the action potential in
      the presence of AcS is accompanied by an increase in the "instantaneous" membrane
      conductance both at rest and during the time course of the plateau. 8. The
      decline in the positive inotropic response of the drug was accompanied by the
      shortening of the action potential. Electrical or chemical prolongation of the
      action potential restored the full positive inotropic response if the membrane
      had not depolarized. 9. Membrane depolarization and the development of diastolic
      tension always occurred at later stages of drug action. Elevation of
      [Mg+2]degrees to 5 or 10 mM prevented or suppressed the membrane depolarization
      and the diastolic tension. 10. KCl-induced contractures were potentiated
      throughout the duration of drug exposure. The tonic component of the contracture
      tension was markedly elevated especially at later stages of drug action. 11. The
      experimental evidence suggests that no unitary mechanism could account for
      multiple actions of acetyl strophanthidin. However, the contributions of the Na
      pump, the Ca+2 sequestering system, and the K-efflux system to the various stages
      of drug action are discussed.

PMID- 1082503
TI  - Proceedings: Heat production during small length changes in active muscle.

PMID- 1082502
TI  - Proceedings: Heat production and chemical change in frog sartorius; a comparison
      of R. pipiens with R. temporaria.

PMID- 1082504
TI  - Proceedings: Effects of atropine on membrane currents and twitch tension in
      bullfrog atrium.

PMID- 1082505
TI  - Electrical responses to frog taste cells to chemical stimuli.
AB  - 1. Cells inside a fungiform papilla of the frog tongue were impaled with a glass
      capillary micro-electrode filled with 3 M-KCl. Cells considered to be taste cells
      showed a resting potential of about -35 mV and an input resistance of 17 Momega
      on the average. 2. Application of chemical stimuli such as salts, acids and
      quinine produced a sustained depolarization in a taste cell, the magnitude of
      depolarization being dependent on the stimulus concentration. Water and weak NaCl
      solution yielded a hyperpolarization. The thresholds for depolarization as well
      as the concentration-response relationships for various chemical stimuli in taste
      cells are in approximate agreement with those determined from the
      glossopharyngeal nerve responses. 3. The magnitude of depolarization produced by
      0-1 M-NaCl and 0-03 M-CaCl2 was dependent on the membrane potential level and
      reduced linearly with a rise in the latter. However, depolarizations generated by
      0-001 M-HDl and 0-02 M quinine changed little in magnitude by a membrane
      potential change over a wide range. 4. During depolarizations induced by NaCl and
      KCl a marked reduction in the input resistance of a cell was observed, the amount
      of the reduction depending on the stimulus concentration. The reduction was also
      produced by CaCl2 and HCl, but it is small compared with those by NaCl and KCl.
      Quinine produced an increase in the resistance associated with a depolarization.
      Water and weak NaCl solution produced an increase in the resistance associated
      with hyperpolarization. 5. The receptive mechanisms for various kinds of chemical
      stimuli are discussed in relation to changes in the membrane potential and the
      membrane conductance of taste cells.

PMID- 1082506
TI  - A non-linear voltage dependent charge movement in frog skeletal muscle.
AB  - 1. Voltage-clamp experiments were carried out using the three microelectrode
      technique. Using this method membrane current density at V1 is proportional to
      deltaV( = V2 - V1) where V1 and V2 are voltages at distances 1 and 21 from the
      end of a fibre. Voltage dependent sodium currents were blocked by tetrodotoxin,
      potassium by tetraethylammonium ions and rubidium. Contraction was blocked by
      adding sucrose, 467 mM. 2. The current deltaV (control) associated with a
      positive voltage step from a hyperpolarized conditioning voltage to the holding
      potential, -80 mV, showed two components, a capacitative transient which decayed
      rapidly and a maintained steady level...

PMID- 1082508
TI  - The voltage dependence of membrane capacity.
AB  - 1. Membrane capacity of sartorius muscle fibres has been measured at membrane
      potentials between -200 and +50 mV. Within this potential range the capacity is
      not independent of potential. Dielectric saturation is present at large negative
      and at positive internal potentials, indicating the presence in the membrane of
      permanent dipoles or movable charges. 2. In normally polarized fibres there is a
      sharp peak in the capacity-potential relation of about -50 mV; the capacity at
      this peak is 50% larger than the capacity at -90 mV. 3. In depolarized fibres
      this sharp peak of capacity is not present. Over the range -200 to +50 mV the
      capacity variation is about 10% with a broad maximum at about -80 mV. 4. The
      dielectric behaviour of muscle membrane is most simply explained by postulating
      two species of permanent dipoles or mobile charges: Charge 1 present in normally
      polarized fibres, but neutralized or immobilized in depolarized fibres; Charge 2
      present in both polarized and depolarized fibres. The distribution of Charge 1 is
      more steeply voltage-dependent than is the distribution of Charge 2. 5. Movement
      of Charge 1 from one fully saturated configuration to the other involves a charge
      transfer across the membrane of between 20 and 30 nC/muF. Movement of Charge 2 in
      depolarized fibres requires a similar transfer of charge.

PMID- 1082507
TI  - Effects of glycerol treatment and maintained depolarization on charge movement in
      skeletal muscle.
AB  - 1. Voltage-clamp experiments were carried out using the techniques described in
      the preceding paper. 2. In one series of experiments an attempt was made to
      disrupt the T-system with glycerol treatment. Muscles were soaked in Ringer + 400
      mM glycerol for 1 hr at room temperature, transferred to Ringer + 5 mM calcium +
      5 mM magnesium for 20-30 min, and then cooled to around 2 degrees C and placed in
      an isosmotic test solution containing tetrodotoxin for electrical measurements.
      3. The density of charge seen in isosmotic tetraethylammonium (TEA) solution with
      strong depolarization, normalized according to fibre capacitance, was decreased
      by glycerol treatment to about one third the amount seen in untreated hypertonic
      fibres. 4. An analysis of fibre capacitance revealed that only 0-4 of the tubular
      capacitance was removed by this particular glycerol procedure. If the density of
      charge with respect to capacitance is corrected for this decrease in capacitance,
      the results indicate that glycerol treatment removed or immobilized 0-77 of the
      charge initially present. Thus the effect of glycerol treatment to reduce charge
      does not depend entirely on disrupting the electrical continuity of the T-system.
      5. The effects of maintained depolarization were studied using a TEA Ringer made
      hypertonic with sucrose. When the voltage was changed from -80 to -21 mV the
      measurable charge movement declined exponentially to zero with a time constant of
      13-24 sec. On repolarization the process recovered exponentially to the initial
      level with a time constant of 21-53 sec. 6. Experiments were also carried out
      using a sodium Ringer made hypertonic with sucrose. For small depolarizations
      only charge movement currents were seen, whereas for large depolarizations large
      delayed ionic currents, presumably carried by potassium, were observed. With
      moderate depolarizations in the range V = -40 to -30 mV, both components were of
      comparable magnitude. 7. A plot of the fractional charge movement (Q/Qmax) vs. V
      fitted at moderate depolarizations is similar to that of n infinity vs. V fitted
      at larger depolarizations. Values of n infinity were obtained by fitting the
      delayed ionic current to n4(V - VK). For voltages between -40 and -30 mV the time
      constant for charge tauQ was always less than taun; values of taun/tauQ varied
      from 1-6 to 4-3. 8. Glycerol treatment had little if any effect on the kinetics
      of delayed rectifier currents. Values of gK measured in isosmotic solution
      following glycerol were about one third the values obtained in untreated fibres
      in a hypertonic solution (osmolality three times normal). The threefold
      difference in gK is probably due to a similar difference in internal potassium
      concentration. 9. These results and others are difficult to reconcile with the
      idea that the charge movement process acts as a gate for potassium channels. It
      seems more likely that charge movement is a step in the activation of
      contraction.

PMID- 1082509
TI  - Charge movement in the membrane of striated muscle.
AB  - 1. Non-linear polarization currents apparently due to permanent dipoles or mobile
      charges in the membrane can be measured by appropriate comparison of the
      transient currents required to produce small and large steps of membrane
      potential. Integration of these transient polarization currents estimates the
      charge transfer associated with the movement of membrane dipoles or charges. 2.
      Depolarization from -100 to 0 mV requires a charge transfer of 35 nC/muF in
      addition to the charge transfer predicted by linear extrapolation of the charge
      required for a small depolarization from -100 mV. Depolarizations of varying size
      give a charge-voltage relation which is sigmoid saturating beyond o mV and with a
      midpoint at about -50 mV. The ratnged depolarization reduces or removes charge
      movement detected by comparing currents for small and large voltage steps from 
      100 mV (Charge 1). However in depolarized fibres comparison of currents from a
      small potential step at +40 mV and a large hyperpolarizing potential step from 
      20 mV reveals large movements of a second charge (Charge 2). Movement of Charge 2
      is less steeply dependent on voltage than movement of Charge 2 both in magnitude
      and in rate. 4. In size and voltage dependence these two kinds of charge movement
      correspond to measured voltage dependence of capacity in normally polarized and
      depolarized fibres (Adrian & Almers, 1976).

PMID- 1082510
TI  - Charge movement and mechanical repriming in skeletal muscle.
AB  - 1. Muscles were placed in a solution which depolarized the membrane to -30 to -20
      mV so that mechanical activation was made refractory. Mechanical repriming and
      the recovery of voltage dependent charge movement were studied using a voltage
      clamp technique. 2. Mechanical repriming was investigated by determining the
      duration of a hyperpolarizing pulse required to elicit a just-visible contraction
      for various post-pulse potentials. As the post-pulse potential was made more
      positive shorter repriming times were required to produce a threshold
      contraction. The relationship approached a minimum repriming time for very
      positive post-pulse potentials. 3. These results suggest that hyperpolarization
      gradually removes some component of the activation mechanism from a refractory
      state and that the effectiveness of the amount which has recovered depends on the
      post-pulse potential. A quantitative explanation is given using a simple model in
      which the essential component is assumed to be the charge movement process. 4.
      The rate of repriming contraction is voltage dependent; at -160 mV the rate is
      about twice that at -120 mV. Between 4 and 10 degrees C the rate has a Q10 of
      about 9. 5. Recovery of charge movement was studied using a repriming duration
      less than that required to produce a threshold contraction. The observed charge
      movement increased linearly with repriming time, consistent with the
      approximately linear initial segment of a slow exponential recovery process.
      Extrapolation of the recovery curve indicated that 2-5 n/CmuF of charge is
      reprimed in the time necessary to reprime a threshold contraction. 6. The charge
      which recovers during a subthreshold repriming pulse is distributed according to
      membrane potential in the same way as a fully reprimed charge. 7. These results
      are consistent with the hypothesis that voltage dependent charge movement is an
      intermediate step in excitation-contraction coupling. 8. The characteristics of a
      second type of charge movement are also described.

PMID- 1082511
TI  - Chemistry and biological activities of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, a choline
      acetyltransferase inhibitor.
AB  - N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (acryl-DMA) was synthesized as a tertiary
      nitrogen choline acetyltransferase (ChAc) inhibitor which would be able to
      penetrate biological membranes to inhibit ChAc in the nerve terminal. The
      synthesis from dimethylaminoethanol and acrylyl chloride was described and the
      hydration with times in an aqueous medium measured by NMR spectroscopy was
      presented. The autohydrolysis in water was found to be 1.75 x 10(-8) mol/min at
      pH 7.4 and 5.0 mM concentration. The enzymatic hydrolysis was unaffected by
      cholinesterases. Acryl-DMA was capable of inhibiting ChAc extracted from rat
      brain with I50 of 5.02 x 10(-4) M. The inhibition was reversible and displayed
      uncompetitive kinetics with respect to both substrates, choline and acetyl-CoA.
      Neither the hydrolysis nor the hydration products of acryl-DMA could inhibit
      ChAc. Although acryl-DMA was hydrated rapidly and completely within 1 hr at high
      pH (9.0), the time course of inhibition ability of acryl-DMA in aqueous medium at
      physiological pH was found to decrease rather slowly and by 36% in 1 hr,
      indicating that acryl-DMA can survive from hydration at physiological pH. Acryl
      DMA was also tested for its ability to block electrically induced muscle
      contractions in both isolated skeletal and smooth nerve-muscle preparations. The
      ED50's obtained were less than 5 x 10(-4) M in both cases.

PMID- 1082513
TI  - Absence of heart-rate effects in isolated frog heart irradiated with pulse
      modulated microwave energy.
AB  - Isolated frog hearts were irradiated with pulse modulated microwave energy
      synchronized with the ECG. No statistically significant or otherwise observable
      differences were found between the heart rate of irradiated groups and the
      nonirradiated control group. Experiments were performed to explore the possible
      effects of currents induced between the recording electrodes. Increases in heart
      rate occurred when applied current pulses between 20 and 30 mA were synchronized
      with the ECG during an interval from 200 msec to 300 msec after the peak of the P
      wave.

PMID- 1082514
TI  - Editorial: Coronary arteriography. Standards of excellence for the Community
      Hospital.

PMID- 1082512
TI  - Lithium transport across isolated frog skin epithelium.
AB  - Transepithelial Li+ influx was studied in the isolated epithelium from abdominal
      skin of Rana catesbeiana. With Na+-Ringer's as inside medium and Li+-Ringer's as
      outside medium, the Li+ influx across the epithelium was 15.6 muA/cm2. This
      influx was considerably reduced by removal of either Na+ or K+ from the inside
      bath or by the addition of ouabain or amiloride. Epithelial K+ or Na+
      concentration was respectively lower in epithelia bathed in K+-free Ringer's or
      Na+-free Ringer's. In conditions of negligible Na+ transport, a 20 mM Li+
      gradient (outleads toin) produced across the short-circuited epithelium a Li+
      influx of 11.8 muA/cm2 and a mean short-circuit current of 10.2 muA/cm2. The same
      Li+ gradient in the opposite direction produced a Li+ outflux of only 1.9
      muA/cm2. With equal Li+ concentration (10.3 and 20.6 mM) on both sides of the
      epihelium, plus Na+ in the inside solution only, a stable Li+-dependent short
      circuit current was observed. Net Li+ movement (outleads toin) was also
      indirectly determined in the presence of an opposing Li+ gradient. Although Li+
      does not substitute for Na+ as an activator to the (Na+ +K+)-ATPase from frog
      skin epithelium, Li+ influx appears to be related to Na+-K+ pump activity. It is
      proposed that the permeability of the "outer barrier" to Na+ and Li+ is regulated
      by the electrical gradient produced by electrogenic Na+-K+ pumps located in the
      membrane of the deeper epithelial cells.

PMID- 1082515
TI  - [Fluctuation of T-cell and B-cell populations in lymph nodes of various locations
      following immunization].

PMID- 1082516
TI  - [Fluctuation in populations of T-cells and B-cells in the spleen of infected
      mice: application of cytotoxic test using anti-T-cell and anti-B-cell sera].

PMID- 1082517
TI  - [Antigenic competition between heterotypic erythrocytes(non-specific antigen
      induced auppression)].

PMID- 1082518
TI  - [A case of chronic lymphosarcoma cell leukemia of B cell type (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082519
TI  - [Fever, edema, eosinophilia and acute pneumonia: bilateral, diffuse Pneumocystis
      carinii pneumonia and Candida pneumonia of the left lung (evaluation of
      eosinophilia)].

PMID- 1082520
TI  - [Fever of unknown origin (lasting for 3 years): histiocytic medullary
      reticulosis].

PMID- 1082521
TI  - Skin eruption, fever and hypercalcemia: malignant reticulosis with marked dermal
      and bone lesions.

PMID- 1082522
TI  - [Malignant rheumatoid arthritis and antinuclear antibodies].

PMID- 1082524
TI  - [First experiences with the 25th edition of Velhagen's "tables for examination of
      colour sense"].

PMID- 1082523
TI  - [Autopsy report of hepatic infarction associated with terminal hemorrhagic
      necrotizing enteropathy].

PMID- 1082525
TI  - [Aphakia and mesopic vision (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of investigations on the twilight vision of aphakic eyes are given.
      In the daylight seeing range all the subjects had satisfactory visual acuity,
      whereas in the mesopic range, on corresponding tests, definite difficulties were
      recognisable for a large proportion of the subjects.

PMID- 1082526
TI  - [Purulent endophthalmitis in the course of systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1082527
TI  - [Separation and immunological characterization of lymphocytes isolated from human
      appendix (author's transl)].
AB  - The isolation of viable lymphocytes from fresh human appendices is described.
      Under standardized experimental conditions of cell preparation no selective
      enrichment of either T- or B-lymphocytes was observed. The mean percentage of T
      lymphocytes as judged by spontaneous rosette formation found in 34 appendices
      examined was 50.0%. After overnight incubation surface-Ig was detected by
      immunoradioautography on 46.8% of the recovered lymphocytes from 10 appendices.
      For the detection of surface-Ig specifically purified antibodies to heavy chains
      mu, gamma and alpha were used. Of the 46.8% surface-Ig positive lymphocytes the
      class distribution was as follows: IgM 17.7%, IgG 24.4% and IgA 4.7%. The
      isolated lymphocytes showed a variable mitotic response to PHA (stimulation index
      ranging from 3.3 to 200.9) as well as to allogeneic lymphocytes in a one-way
      mixed lymphocyte culture. So far, a distinct correlation could not be found
      between the histological degree of inflammation and the class or mitotic response
      of appendix lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082528
TI  - [Effect of centrifugal force on neck nystagmus in pigeons].
AB  - The neck nystagmus and its changes under the influence of an otolith stimulus-
      centrifugal force were studied in pigeons. The results show that centrifugal
      forces exert a dynamic effect on the nystagmus.

PMID- 1082529
TI  - [Dynamics of motor components of optokinetic nystagmus during exposure of the
      vestibular apparatus to angular accelerations].
AB  - The effect of angular accelerations on the optokinetic nystagmus was studied on
      25 test subjects using a special vestibulo-optokinetic trainer rotated according
      to five programs and electrooculography. Angular accelerations were found to
      induce indirectly changes in the amplitude and time of the optokinetic nystagmus
      via the vestibular apparatus. Optimization of parameters of the optokinetic
      nystagmus was reflected in the criterion of positive difference + delta between
      angular velocities of the slow component of the nystagmus and optokinetic
      stimuli. It is postulated that the criterion + delta is a necessary factor in the
      organization of optimal time relations between optokinetic stimuli and central
      processes that are responsible for the final result--sensory image of movement.

PMID- 1082530
TI  - [Effect of angular accelerations on the sensory and motor components of fixation
      eye movements].
AB  - The effect of angular accelerations on the eye fixation function and concomitant
      sensory reactions was investigated under special conditions. An illusion of
      target distortion towards the rapid component of the vestibular nystagmus
      developed in these situations. Changes in the eye fixation movements and
      "sensation of target" were coordinated and depended on the direction of the
      vestibular nystagmus. The findings indicate that during an exposure to angular
      accelerations the stability of target perceptions is disturbed and objectively
      recorded errors of its fixation by the optic apparatus are made.

PMID- 1082531
TI  - Unilateral renal disease in the rat. II. Glomerular mesangial uptake of colloidal
      carbon in unilateral aminonucleoside nephrosis and nephrotoxic serum nephritis.
AB  - Unilateral renal disease was produced in rats by left renal perfusion in situ
      with the aminonucleoside of puromycin or with nephrotoxic serum. The uptake of
      colloidal carbon by the glomerular mesangium was increased in kidneys perfused
      with aminonucleoside or nephrotoxic serum compared to contralateral kidneys. The
      quantities of carbon within the glomerular mesangium remained increased in
      aminonucleoside perfused kidneys 14 days later. These studies demonstrate that
      alterations in glomerular mesangial function in aminonucleoside nephrosis and
      nephrotoxic serum nephritis are related to renal factors rather than differences
      in host milieu and may be involved in the pathogenesis of the morphologic lesions
      seen in chronic proteinuria.

PMID- 1082532
TI  - Medical-surgical aspects of left main coronary artery disease.
AB  - Disease of the left main coronary artery compromises circulation to the major
      part of the left ventricle and thus threatens massive myocardial infarction and
      sudden death. Cardiac catheterization and coronary bypass surgery, in previous
      reports, have been associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. We report
      50 patients with over 50 per cent narrowing of the left main coronary artery. The
      clinical pattern in these patients was variable and a left main coronary artery
      lesion could not be predicted before coronary angiography. There was only one
      death during cardiac catheterization. One patient died while waiting for elective
      surgery. Coronary bypass surgery was performed in 42 patients; one died during
      surgery. Forty-one patients are alive at 2 to 39 months follow-up (mean, 19
      months). Thirty-six patients are asymptomatic or have minimal symptoms. Compared
      to the prognosis in patients with left main coronary artery stenosis treated
      medically, coronary bypass surgery performed on urgent basis offers a much better
      prognosis. Both coronary angiography and bypass surgery can be performed in these
      patients with a very low risk.

PMID- 1082533
TI  - Coronary artery bypass with freeze-preserved saphenous vein allografts.
AB  - Over the past 5 years, 13 patients had coronary artery bypass performed with
      freeze-preserved saphenous vein allografts. There were no operative deaths or
      significant morbidity. Six patients were studied postoperatively at 42, 37, 10,
      7, 5, and 1 months. Six of 8 grafts were patent with good flow. There were four
      late deaths; two of these occurred in patients who had concomitant resection of a
      ventricular aneurysm. Of the 9 surviving patients, 6 (6/9) are asymptomatic and 2
      (2/9) have occasional chest pains; the condition of 1 patient (1/9) is unchanged.
      This experience suggests that free-preserved saphenous vein allografts may be
      used successfully for coronary bypass when autologous veins and internal mammary
      arteries are unavailable or insufficient for multiple bypass.

PMID- 1082534
TI  - [Disseminated plane xanthoma with photosensitization].
AB  - A case of diffuse normolipemic plane xanthome showing no association with
      systemic disease (multiple myeloma, leukemia, reticulosis, or dysglobulinaemia),
      in a 50 year old female, is reported. The patient presented hypersensitivity to
      the erythrogenic spectrum with pathological response and lowered MED. The B
      lymphocytes in the peripherical blood was raised. The authors postulated that B
      lymphocytes probably play an important role in the pathogenesis of the skin light
      induced reactions.

PMID- 1082535
TI  - [What happens when the cilia remain immobile?].

PMID- 1082536
TI  - The computerized problem-oriented medical record at Karolinska Hospital -- format
      and function, users' acceptance and patient attitude to questionnaire --.

PMID- 1082537
TI  - [Collagen disease with pure red cell anemia and perimembraneous
      glomerulonephritis (author's transl)].
AB  - Record on a case of collagen disease with pure red cell anemia and
      perimembraneous glomerulonephritis. The direct antiglobulin tests with anti-IgG
      and anti-kappaserum were positive as were the tests on antinuclear serum
      antibodies. During therapy with fluocortolon and azathioprin the anemia remitted
      completely even when therapy was stopped. The antiglobulin tests became negative,
      the glomerulitis remained active, there was no deterioration of renal function.

PMID- 1082538
TI  - [Endoscopic follow-up studies of erosions of the gastric mucosa (author's
      transl].
AB  - From our endoscopic follow-up studies in 65 patients we are inclined to think
      that the various forms of erosive changes of the gastric mucosa represent
      different developmental stages of the same pathological process, in which the
      final stage may possibly be a hyperplasia of mucosal folds with gastro-intestinal
      loss of protein. A change into a genuine polyposis or even the development of a
      polypous carcinoma, as suggested by the information of Nakamura, was not observed
      by us, but the observation time so far has probably been too short for this
      anyway.

PMID- 1082539
TI  - Physical mapping of the HindIII, EcoRI, Sal and Sma restriction endonuclease
      cleavage fragments from bacteriophage T5 DNA.
AB  - The DNA of bacteriophage T5+ (molecular weight 76 X 10(6) dalton) has been
      dissected by various specific endonucleases. The restriction enzymes HindIII and
      EcoRI produce 16 and 7 fragments respectively, whereas Sal and Sma produce 4
      fragments each. Complete cleavage maps were established for the enzymes EcoRI,
      Sal and Sma and an almost complete map for HindIII. Furthermore the location and
      size of the deletions St 20, St 14, b3, St 0 and b1 were determined. The
      correlation of the genetic and functional map of the phage with the arrangement
      of fragments produced by the different enzymes has been established.

PMID- 1082540
TI  - Comparison of cell-mediated immune reactions in sympathetic and phacogenic
      ophthalmia with reactions in uveitis of other origin.
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity was studied in three cases of genuine sympathetic
      ophthalmia, i.e. in cases without lens involvement. In control experiments,
      lymphocyte transformation tests (uptake of 3H-thymidine) and leukocyte migration
      inhibition tests (Soborg-Bendixen) gave similar results for six normal persons,
      six patients with uveitis and two cases of phacogenic ophthalmia. In contrast,
      two cases of genuine sympathetic ophthamlia, namely those with recent
      enucleation, showed a significantly increased lymphocyte stimulation index when
      tested with homologous retina, not with choroid.

PMID- 1082541
TI  - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-induced ocular immunopathology.
AB  - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus of the mice provides perhaps the most
      extensively studied model of viral-induced immunopathology. Intraocular
      inoculation of this virus in the adult mouse produces a severe and progressive
      uveitis with involvement also of the cornea and retina. Intracerebral infection
      of the newborn rat with LCM virus produces a severe retinopathy, with only
      minimal involvement of the uveal tract. We review in this paper recent studies on
      these two animal models of LCM virus disease which demonstrate: (1) the
      histopathology of the ocular lesion; (2) that immunosuppression after infection
      prevents development of the disease; (3) that passive transfer of sensitized
      lymphoid cells to the immunosuppressed infected animal can then trigger ocular
      disease, and (4) that T lymphocytes, and not circulating antibody, play the major
      role in the pathogenesis of this disease process.

PMID- 1082542
TI  - Nonspecific immune parameters and hepatitis B antigens in patients with uveitis.
AB  - In the sera of 217 patients with uveitis the immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, IgM as
      well as beta1A (a measurable metabolic product of the third component of
      complement) were measured by radial immunodiffusion. IgG was below normal levels
      in 12% of the patients, IgM was increased in 12%, while reduced beta1A
      concentrations could be found in 28%. 95 sera were also tested for the presence
      of antibodies against cell nuclei, smooth muscle and thyroglobulin. There was no
      significantly increased incidence of any of these antibodies. The data were
      interpreted as not being in favor of the hypothesis that autoimmune phenomena
      play a key role in the pathogenesis of uveitis. An unexpected finding was the
      high frequency of hepatitis B antigen (13%) and corresponding antibodies (23%) in
      sera of uveitis patients compared to other hospitalized patients and blood
      donors. At present, there is no explanation for this phenomenon.

PMID- 1082543
TI  - Letter: T and B cells in cerebrospinal fluid in acute lymphocytic leukemias.

PMID- 1082544
TI  - Editorial: Cause of weakness in myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 1082545
TI  - Effect of levamisole on E-rosette-forming cells in vivo and in vitro in Hodgkin's
      disease.
AB  - Incubation in vitro of lymphocytes from patients with Hodgkin's disease with 40
      mug per milliliter of levamisole resulted in a rise in the number of E-rosette
      forming cells from 33.6 +/- 12.5 per cent (mean +/- S.D.) to 56.7 +/- 14.6 per
      cent. The drug had no effect on normal lymphocytes. Ten patients with Hodgkin's
      disease treated six months previously with levamisole were restudied. The
      positive skin tests to PPD, candida and mumps persisted. However, the E-rosette
      forming cells decreased to the pretreatment levels (34.7 +/- 6.4 per cent).
      Readministration of 150 mg of levamisole for three days raised the number of E
      rosette-forming cells to 54.1 +/- 5.6 per cent. This effect was observed for at
      least two months. However, the drug had no effect in vitro as long as the in vivo
      effect persisted. These results demonstrate a clear immunologic effect of
      levamisole in Hodgkin's disease and indicate that the low number of E-rosette
      forming cells is not due to a real T-cell depletion.

PMID- 1082546
TI  - Letter: T lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 1082547
TI  - Late acquisition of a germ line antibody specificity.

PMID- 1082548
TI  - 11-Cis vitamin A in dark-adapted rod outer segments is a probable source of
      prosthetic groups for rhodopsin biosynthesis.

PMID- 1082549
TI  - Chronic suppression of immunoglobulin allotype production in adult congenic mice.

PMID- 1082550
TI  - Thymine hydroperoxide as a mediator in ionising radiation mutagenesis.

PMID- 1082551
TI  - Preparation and characterisation of an antiserum to the mouse candidate for
      immunoglobulin D.

PMID- 1082552
TI  - Stimulation and suppression of response of mouse T cells to the schistosomules of
      Schistosoma mansoni during infection.

PMID- 1082553
TI  - Olfactory orientation in frogs.

PMID- 1082554
TI  - [Grastric mucosa rupture with hematemesis caused by blunt abdominal trauma].

PMID- 1082555
TI  - [Pneumocystis pneumonia as a complication in cytostatic therapy].

PMID- 1082556
TI  - Characterization of thymus- and bone marrow-derived lymphocytes in rats by means
      of 3H-uridine incorporation.
AB  - Lymphocytes from various lymphoid organs and of the thoracic duct of normal and
      thymectomized rats, irradiated and reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow were
      tested in vitro in a minimal non-enriched cultivation medium with 3H-uridine, and
      the percentage of uridine-labeled lymphocytes was determined. The highest number
      of heavily labeled small lymphocytes was found in the thymus and the thoracic
      duct, less in peripheral blood, the lymph nodes and the spleen, and the smallest
      numbers in the bone marrow. A reduced ability of uridine uptake was noted in the
      thymectomized animals. The method of immune rosette formation was used to
      determine the presence of B lymphocytes in the lymphoid rat population. The
      highest quantity of B lymphocytes was noted in bone marrow and the least in the
      thymus and the thoracic duct. Thymectomized animals had a significantly higher
      percentage of EAC rosettes than normal and sham-operated animals. The methods
      employed and existing literary data enabled us to identify the heavily uridine
      labeled lymphocytes as T cells, while unlabeled lymphocytes are considered to be
      B cells. The difference in uriding uptake by rat lymphocytes may serve as one of
      the T lymphocyte markers in a heterologous lymphoid population.

PMID- 1082557
TI  - [Electrotherapeutic modification of sensory-reactive and deficiency
      manifestations in multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 1082558
TI  - [Ventriculography with methylglucamine iocarmate (Dimer-X). Experimental and
      Clinical study (author's transl)].
AB  - Evaluation of 60% solution of Methylglucamine iocarmate (Dimer-X) for
      ventriculography in animal experiment and clinical cases was reported. The
      experimental result was compared with that of Conray 60 and Angiografin, which
      was reported in our previous papers. In seven intraventricular injections of 2.0
      ml, administered to 6 dogs, convulsion was observed on three occasions, facial
      myoclonus on 1 and no symptoms on the remaining three. However, in 7
      intraventricular injections of 1.5 ml for 6 dogs, 6 were symptom-free and only
      residual one showed convulsion. And no dog died in either experiment. No changes
      were seen in a subsequent ventriculogram one month after the 1st ventriculography
      with Dimer-X and also no histological changes of the ventricular wall were
      revealed one month after the first experiment. These experimental results
      suggested less toxicity of Dimer-X than Conray 60 or Angiografin. Clinically, in
      17 neurosurgical patients, ventriculography was performed with 1-5 ml of Dimer-X.
      No patients showed convulsive complication, but there was one episode of vomiting
      in each of 2 cases and slight headache in one case. From our experimental and
      clinical studies, it is concluded that the Dimer-X is to be considered the best
      watersoluble contrast medium for ventriculography at present.

PMID- 1082559
TI  - Comparing Evans' index and computerized axial tomography in assessing
      relationship of ventricular size to brain size.
AB  - Using pneumoencephalography and computerized axial tomography (EMI scanning)
      Polaroid pictures, the relationship between ventricular size and cerebral size
      was investigated in 35 patients. Evans' index was used for pneumoencephalograms,
      and planimetric measurement of the ventricular and cerebral cross-sectional areas
      was used for EMI scanning. The percentage ratio for the latter technique is
      termed VBR. The correlation coefficient between the two methods was 0.9510 (p
      less than 0.001).

PMID- 1082560
TI  - Dynamic cisternography in normal dogs and in human beings.
AB  - Cisternography and ventriculography were performed in five normal anesthetized
      dogs to study the dynamics of tracer dispersal. Indium 111
      diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid was injected into lateral ventricles, cisterna
      magna, thoracic subarachnoid space, and lumbar sac. The patterns of dispersal
      from each injection site support a nonflow dispersal mechanism with a tendency
      toward ultimate equilibrium distribution throughout the cerebrospinal fluid.
      Quantitative data in humans complement observations made in dogs. A theory of
      abnormal tracer movements, based on factors observed to affect tracer dispersal
      in dog and man, is proposed and applied to the interpretation of abnormal
      cisternographic patterns seen in clinical situations.

PMID- 1082561
TI  - [Effectiveness of fibrinolytic agents in complex treatment of traumatic
      endophthalmitis].

PMID- 1082562
TI  - [A radioautographic study of the dynamics of 3H-thymidine incorporation into the
      limb tissues of anuran amphibians during the process of loss of regenerating
      capacity].
AB  - DNA synthesis was studied by 3H-thymidine incorporation in limb tissues of
      mesodermal origin in metamorphosing common frog (Rana temporaria) tadpoles in the
      process of loss of regenerative ability. During metamorphosis of tadpoles, the
      process of histodifferentiation is accompanied by the decrease in the number of
      nuclei incorporating 3H-thymidine. In tadpoles capable of regeneration, during
      the first days after limb amputation the index of labelled nuclei decreases, as
      compared with that in intact tissues, and then, as the regenerate forms,
      increases. In tadpoles uncapable of regeneration, the index of labelled nuclei
      after limb amputation decreases in the stump tissues during the whole experiment
      but is high enough in the scar connective tissue cells. Thus, the loss of
      regenerative ability of anuran limbs appears to be related with the decrease in
      the number of DNA-synthesizing cells in tissues of mesodermal origin, due
      apparently to the progress of their differentiation

PMID- 1082563
TI  - [A radioautographic study of changes in the intensity of total protein synthesis
      in the limb tissues of anuran amphibia during loss of regenerating capacity].
AB  - The intensity of total protein synthesis was estimated by 3H-lysine incorporation
      in the hind limb tissues of mesodermal origin in the common frog tadpoles. In the
      course of limb development and loss of regenerative ability, the intensity of 3H
      lysine incorporation in the differentiating muscle tissue and cartilage epiphysis
      increased; the cartilage diaphysis is characterized by the low level of 3H-lysine
      incorporation. At the stage Ia of regeneration after the limb amputation the
      intensity of labeling in the tissues of organ residue descreases until the stage
      of regeneration blastema formation and then, during the formation of limb
      rudiment, rapidly increases. The blastema cells are characterized by the high
      intensity of 3H-lysine incorporation. At the stage IIIa of wound healing after
      the limb amputation, the intensity of 3H-lysine incorporation in the
      differentiated muscles and cartilage epiphysis gradually decreases. The intensity
      of labeling in the scar cells is high enough.

PMID- 1082564
TI  - [Cell population kinetics during retinal histogenesis in Rana temporaria frogs].
AB  - The histogenesis of retina was studied by means of 3H-thymidine autoradiography
      in the Rana temporaria embryos at the 17-25th developmental stages. At all these
      stages the central zone of retina is more differentiated than the peripheral one.
      The index of labeled nuclei in the central zone changes from 74-80 to 1.5-2.0%
      and in the peripheral zone from 74-80 to 60%. The outcome of the first cells from
      the reproduction cycle is realized beginning from the moment of the optic vesicle
      invagination. During the histogenesis of retina in anurans both the reproduction
      and the onset of differentiation of different cell types take place. The
      heterogeneity of the population of proliferating cells at all the stages studied
      proved to be similar. The data obtained are compared with those characterizing
      the kinetics of cell populations during the histogenesis of retina in avian and
      mammal embryos.

PMID- 1082565
TI  - [Study of the possibility of electric stimulation of callus formation in injury
      of the crural bones].

PMID- 1082566
TI  - [Evaluation of vestibular recruitment in caloric tests in patients with Meniere's
      disease].

PMID- 1082567
TI  - [Compensation of peripheral damage of the organ of equilibrium and its evaluation
      in caloric and rotation tests].

PMID- 1082568
TI  - [So-called "pseudorheumatoid" nodules in childhood (author's transl)].
AB  - This report concerns 4 patients, 2 to 2,5 years of age, with subcutaneous
      "pseudorheumatoid" nodules in the occipital region. None of the children suffered
      from any real rheumatic or rheumatoid disease, nor were there any biochemical
      signs of those diseases detectable. The course of the nodules was benign, they
      disappeared within several years, and no later rheumatic disease occurred.
      Extirpation and histology was performed in all 4 cases, the microscopic diagnosis
      being uniformly "rheumatic granuloma". The own observations are confronted with
      the literature. It is concluded that, inspite of the histological similarity of
      true rheumatic granuloma with the "pseudorheumatic" nodules, no etiologic
      relations between the two conditions seem to exist. The benignity of the
      pseudorheumatic nodules is underlined, and the diagnostic and prognostic
      importance of the condition is stressed.

PMID- 1082569
TI  - [The presence of cold agglutinins in hemolytic uremic syndrome (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A boy, 2 years old, developed a HUS after a pneumonitis. He was treated with
      Heparin, salicylates and recurrent peritoneal dialysis and recovered slowly. The
      course of the disease was complicated by myocarditis, gastric hemorrhage and
      severe neurologic disturbances. 7 days after unset of hemolysis a cold agglutinin
      titer of 1:256 was detected. This fact arises the question whether infection with
      Mycoplasma pneumoniae and the presence of cold agglutinins in serum could be
      involved in the development of HUS. The possibility of a viral etiology for this
      disease is discussed.

PMID- 1082570
TI  - [Old and new aspects of childhood tuberculosis (author's transl)].
AB  - During the preceding 8 years 50 children were treated for active tuberculosis at
      the University of Innsbruck Department of Pediatrics. None of them were
      vaccinated against tuberculosis. Three children died; one of them from a
      fulminant miliary tuberculosis, two others from tuberculous meningitis; both of
      them were neurosurgically explored due to massive increase of intracranial
      pressure before a definite diagnosis was established. Two other patients, out of
      eleven with Tb-meningitis, are suffering permanent damages. Each one of the fatal
      cases and those with permanent sequelae could have been avoided by early
      diagnosis, which would have been possible in every case. It's our impression,
      that, with the decrease in the number of infected patients, there is also a
      decrease in the awareness and knowledge of this disease. We found the same to be
      true for the performance and interpretation of the Tb testing. Newborns immunized
      with BCG have to be tested for a positive tuberculine conversion to a dilution of
      Mantoux 1:100, preferably 3 months after the vaccination. Children with negative
      delayed sensitivity to tuberculin have to be reimmunized.

PMID- 1082571
TI  - Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and liver disease in children: phenotypes,
      manifestations, and prognosis.
AB  - Among 424 children with liver disease, 20 had alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
      associated with protease inhibitor ZZ phenotype. This disorder manifested itself
      as cholestasis in early infancy in 19 children. Jaundice and pruritus cleared in
      16 of these by 7 months of age, but hepatomegaly and laboratory evidence of mild
      hepatic dysfunction persisted in all. Biliary cirrhosis and portal hypertension
      eventually developed or was suspected in eight, and hypoplasia of intraheptic
      bile ducts was demonstrated in another four. Routine screening revealed
      intermediate alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency in 16 other children with various
      types of liver disease. The phenotype in these patients was MZ, MS, or SZ. PAS
      positive granules were present in liver of all patients with the ZZ phenotype and
      in none with other phenotypes. The findings indicate that manifestations and
      prognosis of this inherited liver disease are extremely variable.

PMID- 1082572
TI  - Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in childhood cirrhosis associated with
      alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - Three alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1AT) deficient, protease inhibitor type ZZ
      children who died from cirrhosis and its complications had membranoproliferative
      glomerulonephritis at postmortem examination. During life, all three had clinical
      and laboratory evidence of renal disease which became apparent when hepatic
      decompensation developed. Immunofluorescence studies and electron microscopy
      performed in one patient revealed subendothelial deposits of alpha1AT,
      complement, and immune globulins along the glomerular basement membrane. The
      pathogenesis of these renal lesions is speculative. Glomerular lesions were not
      observed in kidney sections of 16 children who died from cirrhosis but who were
      not alpha1AT-deficient. The present study suggests that renal involvement may be
      yet another manifestation of disease associated with alpha1AT deficiency.

PMID- 1082573
TI  - Frequency of detection of Hemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide in
      infants and children with pneumonia.
AB  - Countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis was used to detect H. influenzae type b
      antigen in sera of 65 consecutive infants and children with clinical and
      radiographic evidence of pneumonia. Antigenemia was observed in only one patient
      who also had H. influenzae type b bacteremia. Blood cultures from four other
      children were positive for H. aphrophilus (one), Streptococcus pneumoniae (two),
      and an alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus (one). The frequency of pharyngeal
      colonization with H. influenzae type b was similar in children with or without
      pneumonia. If H. influenzae type b was the cause of pneumonitis in the children
      studied, it occurred without bacteremia or antigenemia.

PMID- 1082574
TI  - Time course of regeneration of minced frog muscles estimated by the level of
      energetic substrates.
AB  - 1. Gastrocnemius muscles of frogs have been excised, chopped and put back into
      the leg. 2. The weight of the implanted muscles increases until the 8th day after
      the operation and then decreases to 1/3 of that of the control by the 30th day.
      3. The inulin space is twice as high in regenerating muscle as in the unoperated
      controls. 4. Adenosine nucleotides are in an enzymatic equilibrium set by the
      ratio creatine/phosphorylcreatine during regeneration of the muscle. 5.
      Glycolytic intermediates (hexose monophosphate, fructose-1,6-diphosphate, alpha
      glycerophosphate and lactate) have been measured during the course of muscle
      regeneration up to the 30th day. The results suggest that the glycolysis of
      regenerating muscle is very active. 6. The total creatine (sum of creatine and
      phosphorylcreatine) is very low after the operation: 5% of that of the controls;
      it rises sharply after the 8th day, and reaches 30% of that of the control on the
      30th day. 7. The amount of total creatine seems proportional to the progress of
      the muscle regeneration. It is suggested to use this substance as a biochemical
      reference for biochemical works on muscle regeneration.

PMID- 1082575
TI  - [Acute pericarditis. Study of 50 consecutive cases].
AB  - 50 consecutive cases of pericarditis were studied. Idiopathic and viral
      pericarditis made up 36 p. cent of all cases. The occurrence of tuberculous or
      rheumatic conditions was even lower than that reported in similar series in the
      literature. Amongst the clinical signs of these diseases, emphasis should be
      placed upon the frequency of chest pain which was increased by deep inspiration
      in only three out of four cases. Circulatory problems associated with the
      pericarditis were, on the whole, minimal. However, a fall in blood pressure was
      seen in 6 cases and true collapse in 3 more. The electrocardiogram showed, in
      addition to the classical signs, sagging of the PR interval in 36 p. cent and
      transient atrial fibrillation in 4 cases. As far as biological tests are
      concerned, it should be noted that elevation of creatine phospho-kinase to levels
      4 times greater than normal may be seen, creating problems with the differential
      diagnosis from myocardial infarction. The course was in general favourable though
      two deaths occurred in this series (4 p. cent), one with tuberculous pericarditis
      and the other with idiopathic pericarditis.

PMID- 1082576
TI  - [Letter: Anal balloon catheter].

PMID- 1082577
TI  - Intravascular occlusive therapy: use of interventional radiology in cancer
      patients.
AB  - Selective transcatheter intravascular occlusion in the treatment of cancer
      patients is a valuable extension of interventional diagnostic radiology. Intra
      arterial embolization may be performed with various substances, including
      autologous clot, autologous subcutaneous tissue, Gelfoam, and stainless steel
      coil. Clinical applications in cancer patients include control of
      gastrointestinal and genitourinary hemorrhage, preoperative reduction of tumor
      vascularity, control of local symptoms, and therapeutic reduction of tumor bulk.
      The technique has been used for preoperative and palliative treatment of
      neoplasms of the head and neck, kidney, liver, spleen, and soft tissue and bone.
      Transcatheter intravascular occlusion should be performed only by radiologists
      experienced in angiographic techniques. Inadvertent occlusion of a normal vessel
      and thromboembolism are possible complications.

PMID- 1082578
TI  - [Coronararteriography and coronary surgery on patients with impending myocardial
      infarction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082579
TI  - [Pains of the legs. the rheumatoid point of view (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082580
TI  - [The therapeutical value of mundisal, gel and solution, in the treatment of
      lesions of the buccal mucosa (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082581
TI  - Isolation of alpha1-antitrypsin in a new preparative electrophoresis apparatus.
AB  - The construction and operation of an apparatus is described which enables alpha1
      antitrypsin to be isolated from human serum by preparative electrophoresis in
      polyacrylamide gel. The initial pass through the chamber yields a fraction that
      is predominantly albumin and several alpha1-proteins. After removal of albumin by
      affinity chromatography, a second pass through the chamber separates the
      individual alpha1-proteins. A volume of 50 ml of serum may be accommodated by the
      chamber, and the recovery of activity in each step is greater than 60%. The
      entire procedure may be completed in 36 hrs.

PMID- 1082582
TI  - [Morbidity and primary infection rate of persons having familial contact with
      patients with scanty bacilli secretions].

PMID- 1082583
TI  - [Present-day tuberculosis control among children].

PMID- 1082584
TI  - [Local vaccination reactions and postvaccinal allergy in children intradermally
      vaccinated with BCG].

PMID- 1082585
TI  - [Clinical course of pulmonary tuberculosis in adolescents revaccinated with BCG
      by intradermal method].

PMID- 1082586
TI  - [Cardiovascular function in children with tuberculosis during physical
      exercises].

PMID- 1082587
TI  - [Role of pyridoxine in an express method of intensive intravenous treatment of
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1082588
TI  - [Role of calcium pantothenate in vitamin B requirement of children with
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1082589
TI  - [Remote results of treatment of destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis in
      children and adolescents].

PMID- 1082590
TI  - [Detection of lesions of the bronchial tree in children and adolescents with
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1082591
TI  - [Factors affecting tuberculin sensitivity in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1082592
TI  - [Isoniazid and PAS metabolism and bacteriostatic activity of blood in adolescents
      with intrathoracic tuberculosis].

PMID- 1082593
TI  - [Organization of tuberculosis control among children].

PMID- 1082594
TI  - Congenital pancreatic hypoplasia with neutropenia and skeletal abnormalities.

PMID- 1082595
TI  - Crohn's disease in the elderly.

PMID- 1082596
TI  - Nonsterilizing immunity in avian malaria: an antibody-independent phenomenon.
AB  - Agammaglobulinemic chickens died with fulminating parasitemias following
      infection with P. gallinaceum. When rescued from otherwise fatal infection by
      means of chloroquine therapy, B-cell deficient chickens resisted challenge
      infection with the same parasite. The data suggest that nonsterilizing immunity
      to malaria in chickens is B-cell independent.

PMID- 1082597
TI  - Effect of tilorone hydrochloride on the lymphoid and interferon responses of
      athymic mice.
AB  - Nude athymic mice, which lack T-lymphocytes and are unable to mount a cellular
      immune response, failed to develop the lymphopenia so characteristically produced
      by a 100 mg/kg oral dose of tilorone hydrochloride in normal mice. The antiviral
      activity detected in athymic mice 18 hr after a 150 mg/kg oral dose of tilorone
      was significant, although somewhat less than that found in treated normal mice.
      These findings suggest that tilorone hydrochloride has a specific effect on T
      lymphocytes that accounts for its effect on cellular immunity, but that its
      antiviral activity is not primarily mediated by T-lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082598
TI  - Inhibition of T-lymphocyte rosetting by HL-A alloantisera and complement.
AB  - The relationship between HL-A antigens and rosetting of sheep red blood cells
      (SRBC) with peripheral human lymphocytes has been investigated by incubating them
      with HL-A antibodies. Although sensitizing the lymphocytes with HL-A alloantisera
      had no effect on their ability to form rosettes with SRBC, further sensitization
      with C6 deficient rabbit serum as a source of early complement components
      inhibited the formation of rosettes with SRBC. The involvement of HL-A
      alloantibodies in the inhibition of rosette formation was shown first by
      correlating the HL-A phenotype of the lymphocytes and the HL-A specificity of the
      alloantisera and, second, by specifically absorbing the HL-A alloantibodies from
      the alloantisera. Complement was needed to inhibit rosette formation since this
      effect was lost when rabbit serum was treated to inactivate complement. The
      participation of complement's classical pathway in rosette inhibition was shown
      by chelating the Ca2+ ions by EGTA treatment of the C6 deficient rabbit serum.
      Perhaps, binding of HL-A antibodies and early complement components to the
      lymphocyte surface disturbs the distribution of the receptors or affects the
      charge of the cell membrane, thus inhibiting the rosette formation with SRBC.

PMID- 1082599
TI  - Induction of secondary cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in vitro does not require cell
      proliferation.
AB  - Using a mouse in vitro allograft model, evidence has been obtained that, in
      contrast to the accepted view, the generation of cytotoxic effector function in T
      lymphocytes does not necessarily require cell division.

PMID- 1082600
TI  - The effect of tryptophan and a tryptophan/5-hydroxytryptophan combination on
      indoles in the brains of rats fed a tryptophan deficient diet.
AB  - Rats maintained on a tryptophan deficient diet had reduced brain and serum
      tryptophan and brain 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid levels compared to controls. 5
      Hydroxytryptophan and L-tryptophan administered to these deficient rats in a
      combination (5:95) produced a greater elevation of indolamines and tryptophan in
      the brain than either amino acid alone. In rats maintained on a normal diet the
      urinary output of 3-hydroxykynurenine was considerably reduced by treatment with
      the combination of amino acids as compared to tryptophan treatment. 5
      Hydroxytryptophan reduced the induction of kynurenine synthesis in the liver
      produced by tryptophan, implying that it is capable of inhibiting the enzyme
      tryptophan pyrrolase in vivo. It is suggested that the possession by 5
      hydroxytryptophan of tryptophan pyrrolase inhibitory properties may make the
      administration of the combination a better treatment of depressed patients
      exhibiting an indolamine deficit than either amino acid alone.

PMID- 1082601
TI  - [Pre- and post-operative coronary and ventricular radiographic examination as
      indication and control of an aortocoronary venous bypass].

PMID- 1082602
TI  - Angiography in the diagnosis and therapy of hemorrhage from the large bowel.
AB  - Angiography has added a new dimension to the management of hemorrhage from the
      large bowel. In patients with diverticular hemorrhage, mesenteric angiography not
      only localizes the bleeding site but, in addition, the bleeding can be acutely
      controlled with intraarterial infusion of vasopressin, making an emergency
      colectomy unnecessary. Similarly in patients bleeding from inflammatory bowel
      disease or in patients with post-operative hemorrhage, angiography provides
      information about the nature of the lesion and selective arterial infusions of
      vasopressin can control the bleeding. At times intestinal varices have
      angiographically been demonstrated as a potential source of rectal hemorrhage
      while in patients with unexplained lower gastrointestinal bleeding and repeatedly
      negative barium and endoscopic examinations, angiography has been valuable for
      the diagnosis of angiodysplasia of the colon.

PMID- 1082603
TI  - Simplified superselective catheterization of arterial bleeders.
AB  - Superselective catheterization is critical when treating acute gastrointestinal
      arterial bleeders. The author has been using a coaxial catheter system with
      excellent results. The technical aspects of two representative cases are
      discussed. This is a particularly valuable technique when dealing with the
      anomalous left gastric artery which supplies the left lobe of the liver as well
      as the stomach.

PMID- 1082604
TI  - [Delusions of skin infestations].
AB  - Delusion of skin-parasitosis is a very characteristic disorder, and it can appear
      as an independent syndrome or as a concomitant phenomenon of other psychiatric
      illnesses. Like most delusional formations it can also be induced and appear as a
      symbiontic psychosis; the involutional age seems to be an essential precondition
      for this psychopathological phenomenon.

PMID- 1082605
TI  - [Brazilian Medical Association: dignified, responsable and free as the profession
      itself].

PMID- 1082606
TI  - [Digestive hemorrhage of pancreatic origen. Selective abdominal arteriography in
      its diagnosis. Study of 6 cases].

PMID- 1082607
TI  - [Combination of megaesophagus--hiatal hernia].

PMID- 1082608
TI  - [Use of sodium nitroprusside in controlled hypotension].

PMID- 1082609
TI  - [Incidence of rheumatic endocarditis in necropsies with special mention of slight
      valvular fibrosis. Retrospective study of the 1965-1970 period].

PMID- 1082610
TI  - [Silver's syndrome. Report of a case].

PMID- 1082611
TI  - [Serodiagnosis of toxoplasmosis in pregnancy].

PMID- 1082612
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1082613
TI  - [Antithyroglobulin antibodies in thyroideal carcinoma (analysis of 34 cases and
      comparative study with 36 benign tumors)].

PMID- 1082614
TI  - [Prinzmetal's angina resistant to medical therapy, treated using an aortocoronary
      by-pass using the saphenous vein].

PMID- 1082616
TI  - [Serum alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency].

PMID- 1082615
TI  - Ultraviolet polarized light study on isolated myocardial trabeculae and skeletal
      fibers.
AB  - The main components of the excitable membranes are protein and lipoproteins
      absorbing in the ultraviolet. Contractile proteins in muscle also absorb
      ultraviolet light. If polarized light is used, it becomes possible to distinguish
      the orientation of the absorbing groups either at rest or during activity. A
      system of microspectrophotometry in vivo using polarized ultraviolet light has
      been established to study the portion of myocardial trabeculae or of skeletal
      fibers in the central compartment of a double sucrose gap apparatus. Thus the
      system also allows electrophysiological studies. On both preparations, a relation
      between the absorbance change at 280 nm and contractile activity has been
      measured. These preparations also contain a fraction of oriented compounds
      absorbing at 280 nm and another at 260 nm. During mechanical activity, the amount
      of oriented compounds increases at 280 nm and decreases at 260 nm. These changes
      were assigned to an increase in the ratio of oriented amino acids, tyrosine and
      tryptophan, and to a decrease of oriented adenosine triphosphate.

PMID- 1082617
TI  - [Aspects of abnormalities of color vision].

PMID- 1082618
TI  - [Syndrome of the ponto-cerebellar angle in the course of a multiple myeloma].

PMID- 1082619
TI  - Clinical assessment of T and B lymphocyte functions.

PMID- 1082620
TI  - Occult gastrointestinal bleeding due to aspirin: comparison of two compounds.
AB  - Occult gastrointestinal bleeding as measured by the faecal 51Cr-labelled red-cell
      loss was compared in eight healthy volunteers while on therapeutic doses of
      soluble aspirin and a new slow-release formulation of aspirin (Deskoval). While
      both preparations led to increased faecal blood loss, this was significantly less
      during administration of Deskoval than when soluble aspirin was taken.

PMID- 1082621
TI  - Symposium on teaching rheumatology and rehabilitation. 1. Objectives.

PMID- 1082622
TI  - The teaching of physiotherapy to undergraduates.

PMID- 1082623
TI  - Undergraduate teaching of rheumatology.

PMID- 1082624
TI  - Teaching Rheumatology and Rehabilitation. 4. Objectives in undergraduate
      training.

PMID- 1082625
TI  - Endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding.

PMID- 1082626
TI  - [Interstitial pneumonia in children on cystostatic treatment for malignant
      systematic disease (author's transl)].
AB  - The radiologic appearances of interstitial pneumonia are described as they
      appeared in 39 children treated with immunosuppressive and cytostatic substances
      given for malignant systemic disease. At the time most of the children were in a
      stage of remission of their basic illness. In most of them there may have been a
      pneumocystis carinii infection. 15 children died of this pneumonia. In the
      majority of post-mortem examinations pneumocysts could be detected.

PMID- 1082627
TI  - [Indications for surgery of the coronaries and its results (author's transl)].
AB  - In chronic angina pectoris surgery is indicated for all patients with bridgeable
      central stenoses, suitable distal vessels and patent peripheral coronary
      circulation, if function of the ventricle is not critically reduced. when more
      than one vessel is diseased and with isolated stenoses of the anterior
      interventricular branch of the left coronary a., it does hardly latter whether
      the angina pectoris can be treated conservatively or not. An absolute indication
      for revasculariation exists when stenoses of the main branches of the left
      coronary artery can be shown. Pre-infarct angina (unstable or crescendo-angina,
      threatened infarction) should, in younger patients, always lead to immediate
      diagnostic ascertainment. Where severe anatomic coronary changes are present,
      immediate surgery is indicated, although the real danger of infarction in such
      patients cannot be reliably predicated as yet. Post-infarct ventricular
      aneurysmus should be operated on when leftsided insufficiency increases or
      arrythmias cannot be controlled satisfactorily any more. Surgery can be
      undertaken with an acceptable risk, if patients are carefully selected. As far as
      we know from published statistics, the quality of life of such patients can be
      improved for some time. But their expectation of life after surgery cannot as yet
      be reliably predicted, because prospective observations of comparable groups of
      patients treated conservatively or surgically do not yet exist. From a
      prospective study of McNeer (22) it appears that in 2 randomized groups there was
      no significant difference in time of survival after 2 years. Neither the size of
      the material nor the period of follow-up are sufficient for definite evaluation.

PMID- 1082628
TI  - Immunological function in patients operated on with small intestinal shunts for
      morbid obesity.
AB  - Obese individuals, operated on with intestinal shunts, have been investigated
      with regard to immunological functions. After operation strong increases in skin
      reactions of immediate and delayed type were observed. Analysis of total WBC and
      differential counts, percentage T lymphocytes, immunoglobulin concentrations, and
      lymphocyte reactivity yielded no explanation of the findings.

PMID- 1082629
TI  - Granulopoiesis in infantile genetic agranulocytosis. In vitro cloning of marrow
      cells in agar culture.
AB  - A 3-year-old boy and a 2-year-old girl with infantile genetic agranulocytosis
      have been studied by in vitro cloning of bone marrow cells in agar culture. The
      patients display a normal concentration of colony forming cells and the
      morphological maturation is identical with that of control marrow cultured in
      vitro. The marrow cells of the patients show some degree of auto-stimulation
      indicating that endogenous production of colony stimulating factor is operating.
      As an inverse relationship is expected between the peripheral neutrophil count
      and the percentage of marrow colony forming cells in S-phase a high percentage
      was expected. On the contrary, we find that the percentage of colony forming
      cells in S-phase is extremely low indicating a genetic unresponsiveness of
      granulopoietic precursor cells to feed back regulation in infantile genetic
      agranulocytosis.

PMID- 1082630
TI  - The content of erythrocyte 2,3 diphosphoglycerate and adenosine-5'-triphosphate
      in myelomatosis and leukaemia.
AB  - Ery-DPG and thus the oxygen-releasing capacity of haemoglobin increases in
      meylomatosis and in chronic myelocytic and lymphocytic leukaemia at decreased
      concentrations of haemoglobin, to the same extent as in other types of anaemia.
      Consequently the need for blood transfusions is less than assumed in these
      disorders. Ery-ATP is considerably increased in chronic myelocytic leukaemia, the
      values correlating positively with the 'activity' of the disease. This finding
      can probably be used for diagnostic and prognostic purposes.

PMID- 1082631
TI  - Evidence of different cell populations in the mouse thymus releasing and
      responding to mitogenic factor.
AB  - The thymocyte population of mice treated with cortisone was examined at various
      times with respect to its relative capacity to be triggered to DNA synthesis by
      soluble phytomitogens or mitogenic factors (MF) released by lymph node cells
      exposed to phytomitogens. The capacity of the thymocyte population to produce MF
      in response to phytomitogen exposure was also examined. We found that the
      relative blastogenic activity of both phytomitogens and MF on thymocytes
      increased as the cell number of the thymus was reduced by the cortisone
      treatment. However, the reactivity to phytomitogens increased to a higher extent.
      During the subsequent regeneration of the organ the stimulability of the cells by
      phytomitogen decreased far below that of MF. The relative capacity of thymocytes
      to produce MF seemed to parallel their phytomitogen reactivities. One possible
      explanation of the results is that there exists one subpopulation of cells in the
      thymus more responsive to phytomitogens than to MF and another more responsive to
      MF than to phytomitogen. It is possible that the cells that are phytomitogen
      responsive are those that can produce MF.

PMID- 1082632
TI  - Lymphocyte populations and cellular immune reactions in juvenile rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - Ten patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and age- and sex-matched healthy
      controls were investigated in pairs. The patients were found to have both normal
      proportions and normal absolute numbers of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and the
      Fc-receptor-bearing lymphoid cells in peripheral blood. No abnormality of mitogen
      induced lymphocyte transformation was observed. Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity
      induced by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or anti-target cell antibodies was also found
      to be normal. As in an earlier study, impaired delayed hypersensitivity by skin
      testing was observed in the patient group, thus indicating a dissociation between
      in vivo and in vitro parameters of lymphoid cell function.

PMID- 1082633
TI  - Spontaneous rosette formation with heavily haptenated sheep erythrocytes: a
      marker for mouse non-T lymphocytes.
AB  - Most non-T lymphocytes in nonimmunized mice spontaneously bind heavily haptenated
      (4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrophenyl)acetyl (NNP)-sheep erythrocytes. Few if any T
      lymphocytes are rosette formers with such erythrocytes. The NNP rosette formation
      is suggested to be a marker for mouse non-T cells.

PMID- 1082634
TI  - Elution and characterization of lymphocytes from rheumatoid inflammatory tissue.
AB  - Lymphocytes were eluted from the synovial tissue of 19 patients with classical
      rheumatoid arthritis. The tissue was minced and dissociated by treatment with
      crude collagenase and DNase. The cell suspension obtained was filtered and
      incubated in plastic culture flasks overnight at 37 degrees C. The cells that did
      not adhere to the plastic surface were harvested and the lymphocytes further
      purified by the Ficoll-Isopaque gradient centrifugation technique. The lymphocyte
      yield varied from 0.64 to 32 times 10(6) cells. Differential counts showed on the
      average 85% lymphocytes, 12% mocrophage-like cells, and variable proportions of
      polymorphonuclear granulocytes, unclassified cells, and dead cells. An average of
      77% of the cells were viable as assessed by the trypan blue exclusion test. This
      cell suspension was investigated for lymphocyte populations. T lymphocytes were
      predominant in all experiments (mean, 73.6%). The mean percentage of B
      lymphocytes was 9.7%, whereas the proportion of Fc-receptor-bearing lymphocytes
      was on the average 6.0%.

PMID- 1082635
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in the cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood in
      patients with multiple sclerosis.
AB  - The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)
      were studied with respect to the frequency of lymphocytes with intracellular
      immunoblobulins of different Ig classes as well as the relative frequency of B
      and T lymphocytes. An increased number of Ig-postive cells were found in CSF
      (mean, 0.52%) when compared with blood (mean 0.18%). In CSF there was a striking
      dominance of IgG-postive cells, very few IgA-postive cells, and almost no IgM
      postive cells. The distribution in blood was approximately normal. The ratios
      between chi- and lambda-postive cells in CSF were all outside the range in blood.
      In CSF there were fewer B cells (mean, 4.7%) and more T cells (mean 74.2%) when
      compared with blood (mean, 11.5%) and 61.8%, respectively). The values for MS
      blood were approximately the same as for normal controls. The increased number of
      IgG-containing cells in the CSF are in agreement with earlier studies, which
      showed a local immunoglobulin synthesis. The increased proportion of T
      lymphocytes in CSF of MS patients may indicate that these cells play a role in
      the pathogenesis of MS.

PMID- 1082636
TI  - Continuous growth of mitogen-reactive B lymphocytes.
AB  - B-cell mitogens induce continous growth of murine lymphocytes in suspension
      cultures. Continuous growth is observed only at low cell densitiess, below 10(6)
      cells/ml, in regularly renewed medium containing beta-mercaptoethanol and a
      growth-supporting fetal calf serum. Continuous growth of  B lymphocytes in
      culture appears to be favored by conditions under which maturation of Ig
      secreting plaque-forming cells does not occur. On the other hand, maturation is
      observed whenever stimulated B cells cease to divide. This maturation leads to
      IgM secretion followed by secretion of IgG- or IgD-like molecules. Neither
      continuous growth of B cells nor the 'switch' to secretion of IgG- or IgD-like
      molecules requires the presence of T cells.

PMID- 1082637
TI  - [Angiography in acute gactrointestinal hemorrhage].
AB  - The indications for and diagnostic value of visceral angiography in 30 cases of
      acute gastrointestinal bleeding are discussed. In one third of these emergency
      angiograms the etiology of the bleeding could not be demonstrated. In two thirds
      of the cases the source of bleeding was successfully localized. In half the
      positive angiograms the bleeding site was shown directly in the form of
      extravasation of contrast, while in the remaining half pathological findings were
      demonstrated without evidence of contrast media extravasation.

PMID- 1082638
TI  - [Indications and contraindications for protease inhibitors].
AB  - Clinical interest in protease inhibitors was maximal at a time when it was
      believed that acute bleeding tendency in some situations was due to "primary
      hyperfibrinolysis". Progress in diagnostic procedures resulted in better knowledg
      of the true nature of such dramatic hemorrhagic diatheses, which are due in fact
      to disseminated intravascular clotting with "consumption coagulopathy", a
      situation in which proteolytic inhibitors are contraindicated. Other indications
      have been thoroughly investigated by controlled trials, e.g. essential
      hypermenorrhea and postoperative hematuria after prostatectomy. Likewise, a
      significant protective effect of aprotinin in acute pancreatitis has been
      recently demonstrated. Finally, congenital deficiencies of natural inhibitors
      such as alpha1-antitrypsin and C1-esterase-inhibitor may benefit from
      substitutive therapy with exogenous or synthetic inhibitors.

PMID- 1082639
TI  - [Kinetics of neutrophil granulocytes].
AB  - The kinetics of neutrophilic granulocytes are briefly reviewed. The cell
      traverses 3 compartments during its life cycle. After a phase of proliferation
      and maturation in the bone marrow for a period of about 10 days, it enters the
      blood for an average period of 10-12 h and then migrates into tissues where it
      survives for an unknown length of time. Although a quantitative understanding of
      normal neutrophil kinetics has emerged, our knowledge of disorders of
      neutropoiesis is limited. Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of
      neutropoiesis is anticipated with improved methods of assessing quantitatively
      abnormal production and its regulation.

PMID- 1082640
TI  - [Proceedings: Clinical findings and coronary morphology before and after aorto
      coronary venous bypass].
AB  - 37 patients (mean age 51+/-8 years) were clinically and angiographically
      investigated before and 11+/-5 months after implantation of an aortocoronary vein
      graft. The rate of bypass patency was 78%. Postoperatively 57% of the patients
      were free of symptoms, 35% were improved and 8% unimproved or worse. The reduced
      incidence of angina pectoris during exercise testing appears to be correlated
      with graft patency, an improved vascularization index and probably the absence of
      preoperative myocardial infarction. The systolic time intervals and the lung-ear
      time at rest are of no value for differentiation of improved and unimproved
      patients.

PMID- 1082641
TI  - [Intestinal hemangiomatosis].
AB  - The hemangiomas of the intestinal tract are rare benign tumors. The main clinical
      symptom of which is bleeding. The diagnosis of hemangiomatosis may present
      difficulties. In all cases of unexplained intestinal bleeding the possibility of
      hemangiomatosis should be considered. Should conventional radiographic studies
      and endoscopy, including colonoscopy, fail to locate precisely the source of
      bleeding, further angiographic studies are definitely indicated. Angiography is
      the key to the diagnosis of intestinal hemangiomatosis.

PMID- 1082642
TI  - [Antibodies against various nuclear antigens (especially DNA and RNA proteins) in
      disseminated lupus erythematosus with and without kidney involvement and in other
      collagen diseases. Preliminary report].
AB  - The incidence of autoantibodies to various nuclear antigens was studied in 64
      patients with SLE, 137 patients with various connective tissue diseases, 63 other
      patients and 90 controls. A positive correlation was found between SLE,
      nephritis, and the presence of antibody against native DNA. Antibody to denatured
      DNA showed no specificity for SLE and was correlated with the absence of
      nephritis. Antibody to RNA-protein occurred mainly in SLE, regardless of the
      presence or absence of nephritis.

PMID- 1082643
TI  - [The Sharp syndrome ("mixed connective tissue disease")].
AB  - A new and distinct rheumatic disease with features of systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE), progressive systemic sclerosis and polymyositis is
      described. Typical symptons are Raynaud's syndrome, swollen hands and fingers,
      polyarthritis or polyarthralgia and myositis. Other symptoms are less common and
      include skin lesions, decreased pulmonary diffusing capacity, diminished
      esophageal motility, lymphadenopathy, and polyserositis. The diagnosis of mixed
      connective tissue disease (MCTD) can be established by demonstration of a high
      titer of antinuclear antibodies and antibodies against extractable nuclear
      antigen (anti-ENA). Both antibodies are directed against ribonuclease-sensitive
      antigen substrate, which permits differentiation of patients with MCTD from those
      with other rheumatic diseases. A relatively favourable prognosis and a good
      response to corticoid medication are further characteristics of this disease.
      Three personally observed patients with MCTD are described.

PMID- 1082644
TI  - A line, not a space, represents visual distinctness of borders formed by
      different colors.
AB  - When observers are asked to rate the visual distinctness of borders formed by the
      junction of two photic stimuli, normal trichromatic subjects behave in a manner
      similar to that of tritanopes in a color mixture experiment. All stimuli that
      look the same to the tritanope produce the same border distinctness with any
      other stimulus. Sets of such stimuli, whose members do not form borders with each
      other, map as single points along a curved line, where the Euclidean distance
      between pairs of points representing the two stimuli is nearly proportional to
      the rated distinctness of the border formed between them. In the absence of
      luminance differences, the perception of contour apparently depends on the
      stimulation of only two cone types.

PMID- 1082645
TI  - The role of thymus and bone marrow cells in immunologic competence: part II.

PMID- 1082646
TI  - Diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1082647
TI  - [Furosemide, inductothermy and sinusoidal modulated currents in treatment of
      ureteral calculi].

PMID- 1082648
TI  - [Dynamics of the titres and types of antibodies to DNA in different forms of
      hepatitis and liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1082649
TI  - Urgent fibre-optic panendoscopy in upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage.
AB  - Urgent fibre-optic panendoscopy was performed in 400 patients within 24 hours of
      their admission to hospital for upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage. The cause of
      bleeding was established by endoscopy in 87%. No cause was found in 10% and
      endoscopy failed in 3%. Twenty-five per cent of the patients had an additional
      lesion which was not the cause of bleeding. Complications owing to endoscopy
      occurred in 2% of the patients. Only 27% of the patients still had blood present
      in the stomach at the time of endoscopy. Chronic gastric ulcer was causative in
      22%, and duodenal ulcer in 20% of the patients. Haemorrhagic gastritis accounted
      for 13%, Mallory-Weiss tear for 8%, acute ulceration for 5% and varices for 4% of
      the patients. Only 60% of the patients with dyspepsia were bleeding from peptic
      ulcers and only 64% of the patients bleeding from ulcers had a history of
      dyspepsia. Follow-up studies revealed that endoscopy, in experienced hands, is an
      accurate investigation which allows for an improved approach to management, and
      which probably also reduces the mortality rate.

PMID- 1082650
TI  - T-lymphocyte cell division: a requirement for the allogeneic cell-mediated immune
      response in vitro.

PMID- 1082651
TI  - Phrenic nerve conduction studies in patients with diaphragm pacing.

PMID- 1082652
TI  - Hemodynamic response to calcium chloride during coronary artery surgery.

PMID- 1082653
TI  - Peripheral nerve stimulation for pain relief: effect on cutaneous peripheral
      nerve evoked activity.

PMID- 1082654
TI  - Intravitreal injection of ampicillin, cephaloridine, gentamicin, and tobramycin.

PMID- 1082655
TI  - Use of transcutaneous electrical stimulation in control of postoperative pain.

PMID- 1082656
TI  - The antithrombin activity of alpha-1-protease inhibitor: the antitrypsin activity
      of antithrombin III.

PMID- 1082657
TI  - [Gastroscopy data from a medical department].

PMID- 1082658
TI  - [A new therapeutic agent in a natamycin base in mass treatment of ringworm in
      cattle (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082659
TI  - [Cryosurgery of lung metastases (author's transl)].
AB  - Cryosurgery achieves a local tumor destruction and at least in many experimental
      models it also produces an antitumor immunity. Cryosurgery was therefore applied
      to 15 patients with multiple lung metastases. In 2 cases a good palliation with a
      temporary standstill of tumor growth and in 3 cases of positive effect with a
      decrease and disappearance of metastases was noted. In two of these cases
      metastases of the contralateral lung also decreased or varnished. This can be
      explained by an immune mechanism. Big tumors and fibrosarcomas are not suited for
      cryosurgery, whereas hypernephroid renal carcinomas and malignant teratomas give
      more promising results.

PMID- 1082660
TI  - [Clinical observations and angiographic findings before and after aortocoronary
      benous bypass grafting (author's transl)].
AB  - 37 patients (mean age 51 +/- 8 years) were investigated clinically,
      mechanocardiographically and angiocardiographically before and 336 +/- 166 days
      after implantation of an aortocoronary vein graft. The bypass patency rate was
      78%. Postoperatively 57% of the patients were free of symptoms, 35% were improved
      and 8% unimproved or worse. The postoperative incidence of angina pectoris during
      exercise testing was significantly lower in the groups with an improved
      vascularization-index, open vein grafts and a lack of preoperative myocardial
      infarction. For separating the patients only the vascularization-index and the
      bypass patency seem to be of value.

PMID- 1082661
TI  - [Mitral valve surgery: 10 years follow-up of 501 patients (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of mitral surgery between 1961 and 1971 are presented. Pure or
      predominant mitral stenosis outnumbered combined mitral valve disease and mitral
      incompetence by two to one. Surgical treatment comprised 291 closed mitral
      commissurotomies, 145 open reconstructions and 81 replacements of the mitral
      valve. One month mortality was 2,4% for commissurotomy, 4,8% for reconstruction,
      and 25% for replacement. Early mortality of the latter operation decreased to 7%
      since 1971. For patients with no more than slight preoperative symptoms life
      expectany remained unaffected for 10 years after closed commissurotomy. For
      patients with significant preoperative limitation or symptoms at rest 5 and 10
      years life expectancy after successful surgery was 93 and 79% resp. for
      commissurotomy, 94 and 73% for reconstruction and 79 and 53% resp. for mitral
      valve replacement. In spite of a higher rate of reoperations and late
      deterioration of valve function the reparative operations deserve preference to
      the replacement of the mitral valve whenever feasible.

PMID- 1082662
TI  - [Comparing studies on the influence of dopamine and orciprenaline on cardiac and
      renal function of patients after cardiac surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Cardiac and circulatory function (cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean
      arterial pressure = MAP, total peripheral resistance = TPR), further renal
      function (PAH- and inulin clearance, filtration fraction, urinary excretion,
      renal sodium- and potassium excretion) were measured on 15 patients undergoing
      cardiac surgery to whom Dopamine and Orciprenaline were administered in
      increasing doses of 100 mug - up to 500 mug/min (Dopamine) and 10 mug - to 20
      mug/min (Orciprenaline). An infusion of Dopamine up to 250 mug/min caused a dosis
      related increase of the cardiac output up to 31% (2P less than 0.001) without
      essential increasing of the MAP and of the heart rate. Dopamine caused a decrease
      of the TPR up to 24%. Doses of Dopamine over 250 mug/min cause an increase of the
      MAP and of the heart rate without a real increase of the cardiac output. Renal
      function improved under increasing doses of Dopamine, effective renal plasma flow
      (ERPF) up to 74%, urinary excretion up to 130%, sodium and potassium excretion up
      to 60% respectively. After administering Orciprenaline in a dosis of 20 mug/min
      cardiac output increases up to 28%, MAP and heart rate up to 12% and 17%
      respectively. After the administration of Orciprenaline (20 mug/min) and Dopamine
      (500 mug/min) frequent extra systoles were observed without any increase of the
      cardiac output; MAP increased by 12%, TPR decreased by 16% after 20 mug/min of
      Orciprenaline. ERPF decreased slightly after Orciprenaline. Urinary excretion was
      reduced by a half.

PMID- 1082663
TI  - [Primary hemangiopericytoma of the lung (author's transl)].
AB  - Primary hemangiopericytoma of the lung is exceedingly rare. The following
      characteristics were found in a survey of the 34 cases published so far in the
      world literature and in one case of our own, a 29 year old man with this
      mesenchymal tumor. It does not show specific clinical signs. In radiographs an
      isolated round unidentifiable focus is seen. The differential diagnosis has to
      rely on the histology. About one half of these tumors are discovered by accident.
      It appears that it occurs at a somewhat younger age in men than in women. Both
      sexes are equally represented. The treatments of choice are either lobectomy or
      pneumonectomy. Patients with small tumors without clinical signs appear to have a
      better prognosis. When recurrence or metastases develop they will be noticed
      within a few months. Intensive follow-up of patients operated on is essential,
      since histology cannot provide safe criteria on which one could decide whether
      the tumor was benign or malignant.

PMID- 1082664
TI  - [The intracardial ECG during permanent pacemaker-implantation (author's transl)].
AB  - As our researches and prevailing procedures have proved a permanent pervenous
      pacer implantation necessitates an additional intra-cardial ECG in parallel with
      the practised approach under fluoroscopy and by measuring the threshold current.
      The patho-physiological prerequisites are explained in detail. By means of the
      characteristic shape of the ST-elevation and the determination of the amplitude
      in mV, deciding factors for an advantageous position of the electrode may be
      gained. In order to ensure safe function of the demand mechanism monitoring by an
      intra-cardial ECG to establish a sufficient signal amplitude in mV is
      indispensable. This is particularly applicable in case of leads with a small
      surface area resulting in a low threshold current value and a low amplitude of
      QRS-signals.

PMID- 1082665
TI  - [Isolated rupture of the interventricular septum after blunt chest trauma
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The mechanism, symptoms and treatment of traumatic ventricular septal defect are
      discussed on the basis of an own observation. To the best of our knowledge this
      is the first report of a rupture of the membranous septum, involving the portion
      between the left ventricle and the right atrium. An attempt is made to explain
      the mechanism of isolated traumatic ventricular septal rupture on the basis of
      embryological considerations. The patient died on the 11th postoperative
      circulatory status and inspite rather prompt diagnosis and operative treatment.

PMID- 1082666
TI  - [Nonocclusive mesenteric vascular disease following atrio-ventricular block and
      pacemaker treatment. Gangrene of small and large bowel with occlusion of
      inferieor mesenteric artery (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of nonocclusive mesenteric vascular disease consequential to a low cardiac
      output syndrome in a patient with a temporary pacemaker is reported. Preexisting
      occlusion of the inferior mesenteric artery resulted in a total gangrene of small
      and large bowel. Experimental findings suggest that this occlusion could have
      resulted in a compensatory increase of blood flow in the superior mesenteric
      artery. The possibility is discussed that the preexisting necessary increase of
      superior mesenteric blood flow could be followed by equally increased sensitivity
      of regional organic systems in non-occlusive mesenteric vascular disease.

PMID- 1082667
TI  - Cold lymphocytotoxin reactivity with lymphocytes from donors in various
      physiological conditions.
AB  - Sera containing cold lymphocytotoxins were studied in the presence of lymphocytes
      from neonates, pregnant women, blood donors and old people and the degree of
      positivity varied according to the lymphocyte population investigated: a strongly
      positive response to lymphocytes from neonates and pregnant women, a weaker
      response to lymphocytes from old people and a very weak response to chronic
      leukemic lymphocytes. Cold lymphocytotoxins seem to be a supplementary method of
      demonstrating a difference in lymphocytic behavior.

PMID- 1082668
TI  - Adaptation to tissue culture of the murine leukemia ASL1, a high producer of TL
      (thymus leukemia) antigen.
AB  - ASL1, a murine thymus derived leukemia, was adapted to tissue culture and its
      suitability as a source of TL antigens was examined. Tissue culture medium was
      developed in which the cell grew with a mean doubling time of 12.5  h and 95%
      viability. The quantity of antigen expressed by the cells was determined by
      inhibition of lysis of 51Cr labelled leukemic cells meadiated by anti-TL 1,2,3
      serum. Significant quantities of the antigens were retained by the cells during
      exponential growth in vitro.

PMID- 1082669
TI  - Unexpected limitations in the use of commercial antiglobulin reagents.
AB  - The majority of antiglobulin sera used in blood banks in the USA are commercially
      prepared immune rabbit sera, designed to be reactive only with human red blood
      cells sensitized with immunoglobulins or complement components. Current
      manufacturing methods result in a product that gives reliable specific reactions
      provided that the test red blood cells are normal, particularly with respect to
      sialic acid levels. This report describes our findings of false positive
      antiglobulin tests caused by incompletely absorbed antiglobulin reagents when
      cells with low sialic acid levels were tested. An evaluation of nine commercially
      prepared antiglobulin reagents revealed, in many of them, the presence of anti
      species antibody, anti-T, and anti-Tn. Blood bank personnel must be aware of
      these characteristics especially when testing either enzyme premodified or
      polyagglutinable cells. The use of incompletely absorbed reagents might account
      for positive direct antiglobulin tests that are encountered occasionally in
      apparently normal healthy individuals. Furthermore, recent protocols advocating
      the use of trypsinized cells for the evaluation of anti-C3d activity of
      antiglobulin sera are invalid if the reagent is inadequately absorbed of anti
      species agglutinins.

PMID- 1082670
TI  - Studies on the induction and expression of T cell-mediated immunity. V. Lectin
      induced nonspecific cell-mediated cytotoxicity by alloimmune lymphocytes.
AB  - Murine lymphoid cells sensitized against allografts express two types of
      cytotoxicity measured in vitro in short-term assays of 2 to 3 hr by 51Cr release.
      One type of cytotoxicity is specific against target cells carrying the
      sensitizing alloantigens, and the other type is nonspecific against both
      syngeneic and unrelated target cells and requires the presence of
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or concanavalin A (ConA). Several lines of evidence are
      presented which demonstrate that both cytotoxic systems are mediated by the same
      clone of alloimmune effector T lymphocytes and that the lectin-induced
      cytotoxicity is not attributable to mitogenic polyclonal activation of effector
      cells. Studies with ConA inhibitor alpha-methyl-D-mannoside suggest a mechanism
      of interaction that requires the lectin to be present during the reaction.
      Experiments with other reagents, however, that bring about physical contact of
      the cells but not lysis, indicate that cytolysis can occur only through specific
      lectin receptors on the cells. The significance of this lectin-induced
      cytotoxicity is discussed.

PMID- 1082671
TI  - [Letter:  Medical treatment of sport injuries].

PMID- 1082672
TI  - [Ventriculography with positive water soluble contrast medium].

PMID- 1082673
TI  - [Kartagener's syndrome].

PMID- 1082674
TI  - Hearing sensitivity and related medical findings among youths 12-17 years, United
      States.

PMID- 1082675
TI  - Eye examination findings among youths aged 12-17 years. United States.

PMID- 1082676
TI  - [Clinico-pathogenetic basis of radon therapy of rheumatism with mineral activity
      of the process].

PMID- 1082677
TI  - [Dynamics of bioelectrical activity of cerebral cortex in patients with epilepsi
      after the action of 2-cycle diadynamic current on the sympathetic nerves of the
      neck].

PMID- 1082678
TI  - [Complex compounds of heparin in obstetric hemorrhages].
AB  - The so-called uncontrollable hemorrhage in obstetric patients correlated mainly
      with appearance in blood of complex heparin compounds, primarily fibrinogen
      heparin, adrenaline-heparin, noradrenaline-heparin and, less frequently,
      plasminogen-heparin. The heparin complexes were observed in circulation when the
      anticoagulation system was stimulated due to appearance of thrombin in the blood
      stream. The complexes possessed and anticoagulation and antipolymerization
      effects on fibrin-monomer and caused nonenzymatic lysis of unstabilized fibrin
      clots.

PMID- 1082679
TI  - The titre of IgG anti-A/B in the serum of group O mothers of incompatible infants
      with early neonatal jaundice.
AB  - The titre of IgG anti-A/B was determined by means of a 2-mercaptoethanol test in
      the serum of 80 blood group O mothers, who gave birth at term to A/B incompatible
      infants, who developed early neonatal jaundice with a serum bilirubin level of
      over 10 mg/100 ml. The titres were compared with the results of the direct
      antiglobulin test performed on the red cells from the cord blood and the
      necessity for exchange transfusion. Only in mothers of group A infants, a
      significant correlation was found between the titre of IgG anti-A and the
      occurrence of a positive antiglobulin test. In no case the need for an exchange
      transfusion was correlated with the IgG anti-A/B titre.

PMID- 1082680
TI  - [State of the vestibular function in patients with hypertensive disease treated
      in the biotron].

PMID- 1082681
TI  - [Content of vitamin K in healthy subjects and patients with internal organ
      diseases].

PMID- 1082682
TI  - [Epidemiological and social medical aspects of rheumatic syndromes. I. Report:
      occurrence and distribution of rheumatic syndromes].

PMID- 1082683
TI  - [Electrotherapy of life-threatening arrhythmia in acute myocardial infarct].
AB  - As a result of an adjustment of the experiences which were made in four clinics
      with the electrotherapy of life-threatening disturbances of rhythm in acute
      myocardial infarction recommendations for the use of this therapy are given. The
      value of the various methods of electrotherapy compared with medicamentous
      treatment are elaborated.

PMID- 1082684
TI  - [Effects of blood sampling on enzyme activities in the serum of small laboratory
      animals (author's transl)].
AB  - Because of the difficulties in drawing blood for clinical chemistry in small
      laboratory animals there exist many methods for sampling blood and the
      preparation of serum, none of which is generally accepted or well standardised.
      It was the aim of this study to investigate the effects of sampling techniques on
      normal values of enzyme activities in the serum of rat and mouse. The activities
      of the following enzymes were determined: sorbitol dehydrogenase, lactate
      dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate
      aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, pyruvate kinase, creatine kinase,
      myokinase, alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase. In addition
      plasmaproteins, urea and inorganic phosphorus were measured. In rats blood was
      obtained from the following sites: retroorbital venous plexus, jugular vein,
      heart and ventral aorta. In mice blood was sampled from the jugular vein and the
      ventral aorta. Shifts of water from the interstitial to the intravascular space
      due to hypovolemia occurring during the experimental procedure were followed up
      by measuring the hematocrit and the distribution of radioiodide labelled albumin.
      In rats the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, aspartate
      aminotransferase, pyruvate kinase, creatine kinase and myokinase found in blood
      serum obtained from the retroorbital venous plexus and the ventral aorta were too
      high compared to the other sampling sites. Activities of alkaline phosphatase and
      alanine aminotransferase were slightly  elevated when blood was sampled from the
      punctured retroorbital venous plexus. Small differences in plasmaproteins and
      hematocrit values were found to be due to acute shifts of water within the
      extracellular space. In mice the activities of lactate dehydrogenase, malate
      dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and myokinase were found to be too high
      in blood serum obtained from the ventral aorta. Efflux of enzymes from damaged
      cells and the interstitial space ive caused erroneous results too, but only to a
      minor extent. The most reliable method for blood sampling in rat and mouse is the
      cannulation of the jugular vein. The heart puncture can be recommended too.
      Attention should be paid, however, to the possibility of aspirating disrupted
      muscle cells through the inserted needle.

PMID- 1082685
TI  - [Cellular immune reactions of the white mouse after superinfection with
      Toxoplasma gondii (author's transl)].
AB  - After superinfection of immunized mice with a virulent strain of Toxoplasma (BK)
      these mice don't die. There is formation of a cellrich exudate with only very few
      toxoplasmas. The number of the different exudate-cells (macrophages, big,
      middlesized and small lymphocytes and heterophils) turn in direction of the
      lymphocytes in that way, that after the 3rd day of infection 70% of all exudate
      cells belong to the group of lymphocytes. They seem to cause the death of the
      toxoplasmas. After in vitro incubation of trophozoites and exudate-cells of
      immune mice for 2 hours at 37 degrees C nearly 80% of the added toxoplasmas are
      killed. Electronmicroscopical pictures show, that this killing is produced by a
      process of lysis.

PMID- 1082686
TI  - Evaluation of balsa wood stimulators and a water irrigation device on gingival
      sulcular bleeding.

PMID- 1082687
TI  - [Proceedings: Causes of occlusion in aortocoronary bypass and coronary stenosis
      bridged by it].

PMID- 1082688
TI  - [Rheumatic diseases in the Berlin fire department].

PMID- 1082689
TI  - [Therapeutic results achieved through the advantage of a combination of oral
      metronidazole and vaginal natamycin tablets in urogenital protozoan,
      trichobacterial and blastomyces infections].
AB  - Vaginal inflammations caused by Trichomonas, Leptothrix vaginalis or Candida and
      other less common organisms respectively, were treated very successfully with a
      combination of metronidazole orally and a natamycin preparation vaginally
      (Pimafucin vaginal tablets). In women with urogenital Trichomoniasis a cure was
      obtained in 96,1% of the cases (microbiologically controlled); Candida mycoses of
      the vagina were cured clinically in 89% of the cases after the first course of
      treatment and mycologically in 79% of the cases. Of special importance is the
      rapid and successful elimination of the mixed infection before birth, because
      this diminishes perinatal morbidity of the fetus. The combination treatment of
      bilateral, constantly interchanging Candida and Trichomonas infections of the
      vagina is of importance to both sexes, especially with respect to the elimination
      of sterility. From the onco-gynecological point of view the combination treatment
      with metronidazole and natamycin appeared to be of value as it limits the
      incidence of dyskariosis of the epithelial cells, which occur frequently in cases
      of inflammation of the vagina or cervix uteri. No teratogenic effect was observed
      with this combination when applied during pregnancy.

PMID- 1082690
TI  - [Seasonal changes in cutaneous blood vessel tone in the frog Rana esculenta].
AB  - Experiments have been carried out on frogs immobilized by diplacine. The diameter
      of arteries and veins in the web was measured before and after sectioning the
      sciatic nerve. Denervation of the hindlimb resulted in dilatation of web vessels,
      which was different at various seasons. Changes in the arterial tone were found
      to be polyphasic. The highest tone was observed in March, April and September,
      the lowest one-in May, August, October and January. Changes in the venous tone
      are less pronounced and follow biphasic pattern, the tone being increased in
      spring and summer and decreased in autumn and winter. Stimulation of the
      peripheral end of the sectioned nerve leads to the constriction of web vessels,
      its amplitude being dependent on the level of vascular tone at the given period
      of year. It is suggested that seasonal changes in the tone of cutaneous arteries
      are partially based on changes in the reactivity of the blood vessels.

PMID- 1082691
TI  - [Quantitative determination of potassium content of spinal motor neurons frogs by
      x-ray microanalysis].
AB  - X-ray microanalysis has been made of the potassium content of motoneurons in the
      frogs Rana ridibunda and R. temporaria. The tissue was frozen in isopentane up to
      160 degrees, dried in vacuum at-50 degrees, embedded into epoxy resin and
      sectioned by ultramicrotome. The obtained mean value of intracellular potassium
      concentration-65 mM/kg of wet weight or 80 mM/l of intracellular water-is in a
      good agreement with the results of calculation of intracellular potassium from
      equilibrium potential of post-spike after-hyperpolarization.

PMID- 1082692
TI  - [Synaptic organization of the vestibular nucleus in the medulla oblongata of the
      frog Rana temporaria].
AB  - Studies have been made on the synaptic organization of ventral vestibular nucleus
      of the frog R. temporaria. Besides numerous axo-somatic and axo-dendritic
      synapses, 3-component axo-axonal synaptic contacts were revealed which indicate a
      possibility of presynaptic inhibition in the nucleus studied. Three types of
      membrane specializations were found in axo-somatic and axo-dendritic synaptic
      contacts-active zone of chemical synapse, symmetric thickening of the membranes
      of desmosomal type and close linking of the membranes of electrotonic synapse.
      Functional role of the observed contacts is discussed.

PMID- 1082693
TI  - [Properties of rhythmically active neurons of lymphatic heart center of the frog
      Rana temporaria].
AB  - During extracellular recordings of the activity of spinal neuronal units in situ,
      it was found that rhythmically active neurons respond to antidromic stimulation
      of ventral roots (X, XI), which include motor heart fibers. The amplitude of the
      responses of these motoneurons to continuous rhythmic antidromic stimulation
      exhibits slow rhythmic oscillations, reaching the lowest value to the onset of
      the spontaneous spike potentials. In isolated spinal cord preparation (from VIII
      segment), rhythmic activity of the center studied was preserved, which indicates
      the capacity of central structures to automatic activity.

PMID- 1082694
TI  - [Histochemical studies of oxidative enzymes in the gastric mucosa of sheat
      fishes, frogs, tortoises and pigeons].
AB  - Oxyntic cells of gastric glands of the sheat-fish Silurus glanis, frog Rana
      temporaria, tortoise Agrionemis horsfieldi and pigeon Columba livia exhibit
      intensive reactions on dehydrogenases of lactate, alpha-ketoglutarate, glutamate,
      succinate, malate and glucose-6-phosphate which indicate high energy metabolism
      necessary for the production of HCl by these cells. Cytoplasm of these cells is
      stained for the presence of nucleic acids, which may be associated with the other
      function of the oxyntic cells, i.e. the production of the enzymes of gastric
      juice.

PMID- 1082695
TI  - [Natural immune response and immunological memory in the effects of a 2d
      unrelated antigen].
AB  - In combined administration of two nonaffiliated erythrocytic antigens there can
      be seen both depression and stimulation of the immunological response to the
      participating antigens. The end result of the interaction depended on the
      "power", the dose and the order of administration of the antigens. Distribution
      of the antigen in the animals whose immune response was depressed as a result of
      preliminary administration of the nonaffiliated antigen remained unchanged. The
      factor determining the effect on the immunological response to the other antigen
      did not serve as an antibody.

PMID- 1082696
TI  - [Study of the mechanisms of autoallergic reactions in cirrhosis of the liver].
AB  - Cell and humoral immunological tests were used in clinical examination of 47
      patients suffering from cirrhosis of the liver; a mixed character of autoallergy
      was revealed in this form of pathology. Reproduction of passive anaphylaxis on
      guinea pigs with the aid of the sera and leukocytes of these patients pointed to
      the prevalence of cell allergy. Passive transmission of increased sensitivity to
      human hepatocytes from guinea pigs, preliminarily sensitized with salt extracts
      from human hepatocytes, to intact animals was realized. Active sensitization was
      accompanied by the formation of mixed allergy to the antigen obtained from the
      liver of a person who died accidentally, with the prevalence of the immediate
      type of reaction.

PMID- 1082697
TI  - [The palatine tonsils and immunity. Report VII. Soluble factors produced by the
      lymphocytes of the palatine tonsils in vitro].
AB  - A study was made of the production of a blastogenic factor and lymphotoxin in the
      cultures of lymphocytes of the palatine tonsils removed from patients with
      chronic tonsillitis; the activity of this blastogenic factor and lymphotoxin was
      studied in the test-cultures of autologous and allogenic lymphocytes and the
      transplantable HeLa cells. The antigens of the pathogenic streptococcus and
      staphylococcus induced production of the blastogenic factor and lymphotoxin; as
      to the antigens of saprophytic bacteria-they produced no such action. The antigen
      specific blastogenic factor intensified the immune response to the homologous
      antigen, whereas the factor obtained in stimulation of lymphocytes with PHA-to
      all the microbial antigens under study.

PMID- 1082698
TI  - Editorial: A stressless definition of "stress" and some speculations on its
      relationship to cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 1082699
TI  - Latent myocardial contractile impairment in patients with angina pectoris.
AB  - Intravenous injection of Angiotensin II gives rise to a rapid and transient
      increase of the afterload of the left ventricle (increased peripheral
      resistances). In this haemodynamic setting the functional behaviour of the left
      ventricle, through indirect parameters such as systolic time intervals, was
      compared in 14 patients with angina and in 15 normal control subjects. As regards
      blood pressure and heart rate a similar behaviour was registered in the two
      groups in basal conditions; directly after the intravenous injection of
      Angiotensin II changes suggesting impairment of left ventricular function failure
      have been obsered in patients with angina pectoris.

PMID- 1082700
TI  - A two compartment open model for digoxin pharmacokinetics in patients receiving a
      wide range of digoxin doses.
AB  - The pharmacokinetic parameters for a two compartment open model were defined for
      six patients receiving a wide range of Digoxin doses. It was demonstrated that
      the two compartment model is a valid one to use for Digoxin pharmacokinetics.
      This model is an useful concept because it can explain the necessity to vary
      Digoxin dosage in patients with different body weights, the time course of the
      effect of Digoxin and certain causes of increased tolerance to Digoxin. There
      were no alterations in the parameters of this model or of the percent of an
      injected Digoxin dose excreted in the urine and stool in our patients in atrial
      fibrillation who appeared to require larger doses to control their ventricular
      rates. This also suggests that the kinetics of excretion of Digoxin are not
      influenced by altering the Digoxin dose.

PMID- 1082701
TI  - Massive digoxin intoxication. Report of a case with serum digoxin level
      correlation.
AB  - The clinical course is described of a patient who took an overdose of 15 mg of
      digoxin in a suicidal attempt. He developed several cardiac arrhythmias like
      atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, sino-atrial block. atrio-ventricular block 3
      degree and ventricular extrasystoles. His plasma digoxin level rose to 38.7 ng/ml
      as determined by radioimmunoassay. He was treated with Aprindine and recovered
      without sequelae. A survey of the complications of acute massive digoxin
      intoxication is offered as well as a summary of treatment.

PMID- 1082702
TI  - Radiation-induced heart disease.
AB  - A 45-year old woman underwent a radical mastectomy in 1965 for carcinoma of the
      left breast with metastasis in the left axillar lymph nodes. Fifty per cent of
      the heart received 4,000 rads during post-operative X-ray therapy. Patient
      developed radiopneumonia and symptoms of acute pericarditis in 1967. Constrictive
      pericarditis developed gradually from 1972 on. A pericardiectomy was performed in
      June 1974 and a thickened pericardium could be removed. Light and electron
      microscopic examination of a surgical biopsy of the left ventricular epi
      myocardium revealed epicardial fibrosis, interstitial fibrosis of the myocardium
      and perivascular fibrosis. The diagnosis of post-radiation pericarditis was made.
      The myocardial involvement may be responsible for the subsequent clinical course.

PMID- 1082703
TI  - The diagnosis or ventricular tachycardia with ventriculo-atrial conduction.
AB  - A 57 year old man developed recurrent tachycardia with QRS complexes of 0.13
      second in duration at a rate of 140 beats per minute. Inverted P waves appeared
      to follow each QRS complex in the electrocardiographic leads II, III and aVF. The
      differentiation between ventricular tachycardia with1 : 1 V-A conduction and
      supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant ventricular conduction was difficult
      to make from the surface electrocardiogram. This differentiation is important for
      selection of appropriate therapy. The diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia with 1
      : 1 V-A conduction was clearly established in this case on simultaneous recording
      of surface electrocardiogram, His bundle electrogram and high right atrial
      electrogram.

PMID- 1082704
TI  - Radical emergency operation for prolapsed and strangulated haemorrhoids.
AB  - Conservative treatement of prolapsed and strangulated haemorrhoids is still
      widely used. According to several recent publications, however, emergency
      operation is a reasonable, safe, and effective treatment. Twenty-five patients
      with prolapsed and strangulated haemorrhoids underwent operation by the Milligan
      method. The results are compared with those in a similiar group having elective
      operation of chronic haemorrhoids. Since there were no differences in
      postoperative complications, length of stay in hospital, period off work, or late
      results, and since conservative treatment entails lengthy, painful treatment in
      bed and a long period off work, emergency operation is recommended for all
      strangulated haemorrhoids.

PMID- 1082705
TI  - [T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood of splenectomized subjects].
AB  - The report is a part of more extensive studies on the role of the spleen in
      immune processes. Assessing the ability of lymphocytes T to non-immunological
      binding of sheep erythrocytes and the ability of B cells to bind immunological
      complexes through the receptor for C3 component of complement, and the presence
      of immunoglobulins on the surface of lymphocytes B the number of these cells in
      peripheral blood was determined in 14 healthy individuals who had been
      splenectomized. In all these subjects the degree of blastic transformation of
      lymphocytes in PHA-stimulated 3 day-old white blood cell cultures was determined.
      It was found that the number of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of
      splenectomized and non-splenectomized patients was similiar. Lymphocytes obtained
      from splenectomized patients had however, an impairment of transformation ability
      after PHA stimulation. It is suggested that, apart from determination of T and B
      cell pool in the peripheral blood, an evaluation of their transformation ability
      after PHA stimulation is necessary for assessment of the immunological state in
      vitro investigations.

PMID- 1082706
TI  - The nystagmus threshold in turning test in different age groups and in patients
      suffering from otosclerosis.
AB  - The threshold of nystagmus during angular acceleration and deceleration was
      investigated in two series of healthy persons with an average age of 20 and 42
      years and in series of otosclerotic patients with an average age of 42 years. It
      was shown that age as such does not influence the thresholds, but a lesion in the
      inner ear, such as otosclerosis, causes higher thresholds even in younger
      subjects.

PMID- 1082707
TI  - Multiday recordings from the primary neurons of the statoreceptors of the
      labyrinth of the bull frog. The effect of an extended period of "weightlessness"
      on the rate of firing at rest and in response to stimulation by brief periods of
      centrifugation (OFO-A orbiting experiment).

PMID- 1082708
TI  - [Modified swing test in rabbits. Application to the study of an antivertigo
      drug].

PMID- 1082709
TI  - Immunological and histological studies of temporal arteries from patients with
      temporal arteritis and/or polymyalgia rheumatica.
AB  - Biopsies from the temporal arteries of 62 out of 80 patients presenting the
      clinical picture of temporal arteritis and/or polymyalgia rheumatica showed
      morphologically active or healed arteritis. Fifty-five of these biopsies revealed
      anti-IgG activity as measured by the mixed agglutination test. In 21 of the 27
      cases which could be completely studied, the anti-IgG activity was connected with
      the presence of IgA, either alone, or together with IgG or IgM, or both, and
      complement. All of these 21 biopsies showed morphologically active granulomatous
      arteritis with signs of tissue destruction. In 6 biopsies, the active component
      appeared to be some type of Fc receptor in the tissue. Morphologically these
      biopsies showed either non-granulomatous mononuclear arteritis without definite
      necrosis or they represented various stages of healing arteritis with no or minor
      signs of tissue destruction. Weak anti-IgG activity was often found in a
      morphological type characterized by minimal inflammatory activity. These lesions
      are easily overlooked and the mixed agglutination test proved to be a good
      diagnostic tool in such cases. Arteries without anti-IgG activity showed no signs
      of active arteritis.

PMID- 1082710
TI  - Sequential studies of lymphocytes, neutrophils and serum proteins during
      prednisone treatment.
AB  - Seven patients (6 with connective tissue diseases, 1 with bronchial asthma) have
      been studied before, during, and after prednisone therapy. Maximum dose was 15 mg
      daily, which was tapered off to zero within three months. All patients showed
      striking subjective improvement during therapy. The ESR reflected this
      improvement but the acute phase proteins did not. The serum concentration of
      prealbumin rose significantly during the period of most intensive steroid
      treatment. IgE decreased in the patient with bronchial asthma, but otherwise the
      immunoglobulins did not change, and positive serological tests remained
      unchanged. Contact sensitization to haptens was induced without impairment during
      therapy. Prednisone induced rises in blood lymphocyte and neutrophil
      concentrations. Lymphocyte transformation, both mitogen- and antigen-induced, was
      not influenced by therapy, but PPD-induced inhibition of leucocyte migration
      decreased. Neutrophil phagocytosis was unimparied, but bactericidal capacity,
      stimulated nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, and neutrophil and plasma lysozyme
      concentrations were all depressed during treatment with prednisone.

PMID- 1082711
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage in a small district
      hospital.
AB  - Ninety-eight consecutive patients admitted to a small district hospital because
      of acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage have been studied. Patients with
      haematemesis and/or melaena were treated with antacids and tranexamic acid from
      the very beginning and were examined with early panendscopy. All patients were
      closely observed in an ordinary medical ward by a staff especially trained to
      handle acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Seven patients required acute surgery.
      The overall mortality was 4.1%. It is concluded that acute gastrointestinal
      haemorrhage can be successfully handled with modern diagnosis and treatment in a
      small hospital.

PMID- 1082712
TI  - Proceedings: The brain stem of the axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum and the frog Rana
      esculenta.

PMID- 1082713
TI  - Hemorrhagic diathesis in a carrier of hemophilia B.
AB  - A carrier of hemophilia B was found to have an unusually low factor IX level of
      13 per cent. Her history of previous bleeding and the hospital course following
      elective dental extractions were consistent with a mild hemorrhagic diathesis.
      The patient is a member of a rare kindred of hemophiliacs. The mean level of
      factor IX in 12 carriers in this kindred was 42 per cent, with a range of 13 to
      100 per cent. This patient represents the sixth reported case in which a female
      carrier of factor IX deficiency was symptomatic.

PMID- 1082714
TI  - Association of a chromosomal abnormality with lymphocytes having both T and B
      markers in a patient with lymphoproliferative disease.
AB  - The lymphocytes of a patient with leukemic lymphosarcoma were found to have an
      unusual surface phenotype in that they bound both sheep erythrocytes (a T cell
      marker) and complement-coated erythrocytes (a B cell marker) but lacked other B
      cell surface characteristics. Marker chromosomes were present in these cells, but
      not in other, phenotypically normal cells from the same patient. This case may
      provide a clue to the chromosomal origin of some lymphocyte surface markers in
      man.

PMID- 1082715
TI  - The new immunology.

PMID- 1082716
TI  - Further observations on the diagnosis cause, and treatment of endophthalmitis.
AB  - In our study of 54 suspected cases of endophthalmitis, vitreous aspiration was
      more sensitive in making a culture-proven diagnosis than anterior chamber
      paracentesis; Staphylococcus epidermidis was a more common cause of
      endophthalmitis than previously appreciated; and intraocular antibiotics in the
      recommended dosage are reasonably safe clinically and add a new dimension to the
      treatment of endophthalmitis.

PMID- 1082717
TI  - Simultaneous bacterial endophthalmitis and sympathetic uveitis after retinal
      detachment surgery.
AB  - In a 66-year-old white woman suppurative endophthalmitis and sympathetic uveitis
      developed simultaneously about eight months after conventional repair of a
      rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Histopathologic findings included vitreous
      abscess with probable staphylococcus organisms, total retinal detechment and
      diffuse chronic choroiditis with granulomatous foci, typical of sympathetic
      uveitis.

PMID- 1082718
TI  - Binocular enhancement of color discrimination in a deutan.
AB  - A 31-year-old white male deutan produced reliably different profiles when
      examined binocularly and monocularly with a Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test.
      Discrimination in the long wavelengths improved under the binocular conditions.
      Intensive testing yielded no information to account for the phenomenon.

PMID- 1082719
TI  - Necrotic myelopathy (myelomalacia) in rats with allergic encephalomyelitis
      treated with tilorone.
AB  - Necrosis of the spinal cord was produced by administering tilorone to rats before
      or during the incubation period of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE).
      Under slected conditions of dose and timing, the drug delayed onset of clinical
      signs but did not prevent progression to paralysis. The lymphocytic component of
      the inflammatory lesions was reduced, but this was accompanied by a dramatic
      increase of monocytes in the spinal cord, followed by softening (myelomalacia).
      This new variant of EAE simulates necrotic myelopathy in man. The similarity
      provides support for an autoimmune etiology of the latter. Furthermore, the
      inverse relation between lymphocytic cuffs around vessels and massive monocytic
      infiltration of the cord adds to the growing evidence that lymphocytic cuffs
      protect the neural parenchyma by "vascular blockade."

PMID- 1082720
TI  - Elastic modulus and stress relationships in stretched and shortened frog
      sartorii.
AB  - The longitudinal dynamic elastic modulus (delta stress/delta strain) of 11
      sartorius muscles (Rana pipiens; 3 degrees C) was measured at static strains,
      0.57 less than L/Lo less than 1.53. Pseudorandom white-noise displacements less
      than +/-0.031% Lo (mean, peak to peak) were imposed on tetanically stimulated and
      resting muscles to obtain the isometric moduli. The active elastic modulus at
      each length was determined as the difference between the low-frequency (15-80 Hz)
      asymptotes of the tetanic and resting modulus functions. Resting moduli were
      found to increase with stretch at a declining rate, suggesting that some resting
      elasticity is attributable to active crossbridges. For isometric, tetanically
      stimulated muscles above L/Lo = 1.0, the ratio dynamic elastic modulus/active
      stress was nearly constant (65.4); the data predict zero modulus at a stretched
      length corresponding to zero active stress. Hence, the modulus per crossbridge
      exhibits sarcomere length invariance. On the other hand, active muscles below
      L/Lo = 0.77 manifest a significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) additional
      modulus beyond that found at the same active stress in the stretched muscle.
      Sarcomeric structural rearrangements are suggested as a possible source of this
      additional modulus.

PMID- 1082721
TI  - The family and schizophrenia.
AB  - The author discusses the role of the family in the etiology of schizophrenia and
      suggests how this research might be integrated with our growing knowledge of the
      biology of schizophrenia. Abnormalities of family interaction-particularly
      communication deviances-are frequently associated with schizophrenia and may play
      a causal, rather than epiphenomenal, role in its pathogenesis. Communication
      processes in family life affect the child's development of attentional and
      perceptual capacities, which also have strong biologic roots. The author suggests
      that the study of normal and abnormal perceptual development might be a meeting
      ground for researchers in the areas of the biological and familial theories of
      schizophrenia.

PMID- 1082722
TI  - Life-threatening hemorrhage of the digestive tract in cirrhotic patients. An
      assessment of the postoperative mortality after emergency portacaval shunt.

PMID- 1082723
TI  - Investigations on the influence of different corticosteroids on the development
      of galactose cataracts in rats.
AB  - The influence of daily subcutaneous injections of 5 different corticosteroids (15
      mg/kg body weight) on the development of galactose opacities in young rats of
      approximately 60g body weight was investigated. Progress of cataracts was
      evaluated by planimetry of lens photos. The three glucocorticosteroids used
      (cortisol, prednisolone, fluocortolone) induced a slight acceleration of cataract
      development, while a mineralocorticoid (desoxy-corticosterone) caused a marked
      retardation. A temporary retardation was also observed with fluocortinbutyl, a
      rapidly metabolized steroid for topical use.

PMID- 1082724
TI  - [ERG in Behcet's disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Rod- and cone-system electroretinograms from 16 patients suffering of recurrent
      posterior uveitis and one or more symptoms of Behcet's disease were studied. On
      the basis of an evaluation of the clinical picture and of the progression three
      stages of the disease were distinguished. These stages were compared to the
      changes in amplitude of the b-waves of the ERGs (Fig 1). The findings in this
      group of patients were also compared to those from 11 patients with "simple"
      posterior uveitis (Fig. 2). The electroretinographic results in both these groups
      were highly similar: in all patients progression of the ocular disease was
      accompanied by parallel reduction in amplitude of the b-wave of the ERG. All ERG
      responses were affected in a similar way: the rod-system was in general more
      severly affected than the cone-system in both groups of patients. On the basis of
      these data it appears that the ERG indicates the stage of retinal damage in
      posterior uveitis. However, we could not detect ERG changes characteristic for
      the Behcet type of uveitis.

PMID- 1082725
TI  - Ring-shaped alkali burns of the rabbit cornea. II. Early changes of the corneal
      stroma.
AB  - Corneas of 32 rabbits were coagulated in a circular zone of 1 mm width and 10 mm
      diameter. The results of the experiment showed sharply limited injury throughout
      the entire depth of the cornea without lateral diffusion. The reactions of the
      corneal stroma during the first three days are described and discussed.

PMID- 1082726
TI  - Experiments concerning the human C-wave.
AB  - The dependence of the human c-wave from the step amplitude was studied
      qualitatively. The maximum of the c-wave is achieved with light stimuli longer
      than 10 sec. After a dark period of 10 sec a fully developed c-wave appears.
      Also, in response to a brilliant photoflash a c-wave could be recorded. The
      influence of a mobile pupil on the response in the DC-ERG is demonstrated.
      Responses of the retinal potential to square wave and sinusoidal stimuli of
      different period times have been registered.

PMID- 1082727
TI  - [The Mackay-Marg-tonometer. VII. The continuous registration of the intraocular
      pressure (author's transl)].
AB  - The Mackay-Marg-Tonometer registers continuously the intraocular pressure (Pt) as
      exactly as an electromanometer connected with the eye provided that the corneal
      rigidity is eliminitated by a smooth indentation of the cornea by the tip of the
      probe, the determined deviation of the registered values from linearity is
      considered and the temperature of the probe is not influenced from outside.

PMID- 1082728
TI  - A theoretical model for the eye of new-born infants.
AB  - A Gullstrand model for the eye of new-born infants is proposed, based on intra
      ocular distances obtained by ultrasonography and lens radii measured on sections
      of deep-frozen preparations (v. Pflugk, 1909). Refractive indices of the media
      are assumed to be equal or nearly so to those of the adult eye, since no
      experimental data are available. The focal length of the model is 15.74 mm, the
      power 84.8 dptr, that of the lens alone 43.4 dptr, and the refractive error +2.8
      dptr. A simplified model where the inner surface of the cornea is omitted, has a
      focal length of 15.63 mm, a power of 85.3 dptr and a refractive error of +2.4
      dptr. When the data of v. Pflugk are analyzed statistically it is found that the
      spread of the lens power is considerably smaller than that which would be
      expected from the spread of the radii.

PMID- 1082729
TI  - [Changes of the phosphatides and their fatty acids in the retina and in the
      fasciculus opticus after retinal detachment: investigations of human and animal
      retinae (author's transl)].
AB  - In this study the effect of an experimentally provoked retinal detachment on the
      pattern of the phosphatides and fatty acids of the retina and the optic nerve of
      adult rabbits was investigated. The analysis was performed one month, and 4
      months after the operation, and the values were related to the findings in
      control animals of the same age, and of the age of one day and 30 days
      respectively. In this way changes in the total lipide, in the phosphatides and in
      their fatty acids could be revealed, with a tendency towards the developmental
      stage of the 20th up to the 30th day of life. Between retina and optic nerve no
      difference was found neither temporally nor regarding the quantitative reaction.
      In the detached human retinae the same reactions can be proved as in the animal
      experiment. The relationship of these findings to the recovery of the operatively
      reatached human retina is discussed.

PMID- 1082730
TI  - [Fructose levels of the aqueous humour after abrasio of the corneal epithelium
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Fructose and glucose levels of cornea stroma and aqueous humour were determined
      after abrasio of the corneal epithelium within five days. As the glucose levels
      remained, fructose levels were diminished significantly, when the epithelium was
      scraped off. The role of the corneal epithelium as a source of fructose in rabbit
      aqueous humour is discussed.

PMID- 1082731
TI  - Testicular reaction to prolonged exposure to nitrous oxide.
AB  - Male LEW/f Mai rats were exposed to an atmosphere of 20 per cent N2O, 20 per cent
      O2, and 60 per cent N2 for a maximum of 35 days. Evidence of injury to the
      seminiferous tubules was found in some animals by the second day. By 14 days,
      such damage was found in all animals. The toxic effect was confined to the
      spermatogenic cells, with consequent reduction in mature spermatozoa and
      appearance of multinucleated forms. Other cells within the testes were resistant
      to damage. Recovery of spermatogenesis occurred after return to room air for more
      than three days. Serum testosterone levels were not significantly affected during
      the prolonged exposure.

PMID- 1082732
TI  - Family distribution of lymphocytotoxins in Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - The prevalence of lymphocytotoxic antibody was studied in 131 relatives of 10
      patients with Hodgkin's disease. The study group contained nine families, five of
      which had two subjects with Hodgkin's disease. One hundred twenty-eight control
      family members were studied in parallel. Lymphocytotoxic antibody was present in
      35.5% of all family members of patients with Hodgkin's disease, and in 8.6% of
      controls (P less than 0.01). Lymphocytotoxic antibody appeared primarily in
      consanguineous relatives irrespective of close personal household contact with
      the probands. The prevalence of the antibody was equal in both first- and second
      degree relatives. These findings suggest at least a genetic and possibly an
      environmental influence in the genesis of lymphocytotoxic antibody among
      relatives of patients with Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1082733
TI  - Letter: Dorisflexor babinski.

PMID- 1082735
TI  - [Stenoses caused by Murphy's button in the treatment of esophageal varices].
AB  - Treatment of oesophageal varices by insertion of Murphy's button arrests
      haemorrhage but in 2/3 of the cases of secondary stenosis occurs between the 4th
      and 8th week. The use of Blakemore's probe contributes to this. It is a very
      severe stenosis in 15 p. 100 of the cases and may require insertion of a wire
      loop. Dilatation should be started as soon as the first symptoms appear.

PMID- 1082734
TI  - [Retrogasserian electrothermotherapy in facial neuralgia].

PMID- 1082736
TI  - [The facial nerve. Points of topographic anatomy].
AB  - The intracranial and basicranial pathways of the facial nerve present certain
      morphological peculiarities which are too often overlooked. These are considered
      to be unimportant details or simple abnormalities but are useful for the
      otologist to know when using a microscope for increasingly complicated surgical
      techniques.

PMID- 1082737
TI  - Collateral circulation before and after coronary artery reconstruction.
AB  - The changes in collateral circulation after coronary artery reconstruction were
      analyzed in 75 patients with 177 bypass grafts and 18 complementary gas
      endarterectomies. The quantity of collateral circulation was directly
      proportional to the degree of coronary obstruction. The changes in collateral
      circulation depended on the success of coronary surgery or on the progression of
      the disease in coronary vessels. So, when the grafts remained patent, the
      collaterals disappeared and when the grafts became occluded, the collateral
      circulation returned to the preoperative level. Progressive obstruction of the
      coronaries caused increased collateral circulation.

PMID- 1082738
TI  - Catecholamine-containing cells of the taste buds in the tongue of the frog (Rana
      temporaria).
AB  - In a study of the epithelial layer and taste buds of the tongue of the frog using
      fluorescence, peculiar dumb-bell shaped cells were found in the taste buds of
      fungiform papillae and these showed a highly-positive reaction to catecholamines.
      Adrenergic nerve fibres were detected in the vessels of the taste bud and in the
      epithelium of the tongue. Under conditions of catecholamine deficiency produced
      by preliminary reserpinization of frogs a decrease in specific fluorescence of
      the cells and the nerves was observed.

PMID- 1082739
TI  - Antibody mediated suppression of the IgM memory.

PMID- 1082740
TI  - Coronary ostial stenosis complicating coronary arteriography.
AB  - Coronary ostial stenosis is a cause of angina pectoris and sudden death. It is
      due mainly to atherosclerosis, syphilis, and iatrogenic disease. The last is of
      growing importance because of the frequency of coronary arteriography and
      surgical procedures on the aortic valve. Since both may cause stenosis of the
      coronary ostia, these procedures raise the topic from an obscure morphologic
      entity to an important consideration in the treatment of cardiac disease. We
      describe a case of ostial stenosis that was complicated by coronary
      arteriography.

PMID- 1082741
TI  - Systemic and local complications following low-friction arthroplasty of the hip
      joint. A study of 800 consecutive operations.
AB  - At the New York Orthopaedic Hospital, a study was made of postoperative
      complications in 800 consecutive total hip replacements of the Charnley low
      friction arthroplasty type. Specially designed records made it possible to
      document and include all systemic and local complications of this procedure.
      While the rate of postoperative infection was low (less than 1%), thromboembolism
      and deep-vein thrombosis incidence was high despite the introduction of a
      prophylactic anticoagulation regimen. There were no deaths during or immediately
      after surgery, but six occurred within the first six weeks postoperatively. Two
      were due to a massive pulmonary embolus (proved at autopsy), two to myocardial
      infarction (clinical diagnosis), and one to a perforated cecum (proved at
      autopsy). The incidence of mechanical and technical failures in our series was
      relatively low and quite comparable with results reported by others.

PMID- 1082742
TI  - [The development OF THE vestibular apparatus under conditions of weightlessness].
AB  - The spawn of the aquarium fish Brachydanio rerio was developing during 5--6 days
      under conditions of weightlessness (first on board the spaceship "Sojuz-16", then
      in the space station "Salut-4") in special aquariums "EMKON", in thermostable
      installations. Electron microscopically the embryos were found to have a well
      developed labyrinth in early developmental histologically and cytologically
      differentiated receptory structures of the macula utriculi and macula saccili. In
      contrast to controls, the experimental animals showed certain alterations in the
      otolite organization. In similar experiments the embryos of clawed frog Xenopus
      laevis in the stage of the tail bud were also placed in special containers
      "EMKON" and thermostable apparatus "Biotherm-4" and by the spaceship "Sojuz-17"
      were brought to the space station "Salut-4", where it stayed for 16 days. The
      initial embryos had already had a well developed acoustic vesicle with macula
      communis. Inspite of the preliminary load by start acceleration and staying under
      conditions of weightlessness, they reached the general development fairly similar
      to controls. As it was shown electron microscopically their labyrinth had highly
      histologically and cytologically differentiated structures. However, a
      disturbance of the development of the otolithic membrane and otoconia should be
      noted. The alterations observed in the otolithic membrane organization in
      experimental fishes and frogs may be explained by general disorders in calcium
      metabolism.

PMID- 1082743
TI  - [Changes in the dimensions of motor neurons and their components with different
      forms of nerve center activation].
AB  - Experiments in frogs have shown that a prolonged orthodromic rhythmical
      activation of motoneurons induce changes in their size and staining. Under these
      conditions the size of all components of motoneurons (cytoplasm, nucleus,
      nucleolus) is changed. The cytoplasm size changes are more pronounced than those
      of the nucleus. Under prolongation of the low frequency stimulation (1 per sec.)
      of the dorsal roots the changes are of phasic character: an initial enlargement
      (10 minute-long stimulation) and a subsequent decrease of all the above spinal
      cord motoneuron components (25 minute stimulation). After the 10 minute high
      frequency stimulation (50 impulses per second) of nerve centers there occur a
      sharp decrease of the size of the cytoplasm and the nucleus.

PMID- 1082744
TI  - [Reactions of human neck muscle-fibers to vestibular stimulation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In healthy human subjects activity from single fibers of the splenius-capitis
      muscle was recorded by means of a microelectrode. Two types of muscle fibers
      could be distinguished according to their reaction on vestibular stimulation. The
      first type reacted only to stimuli (angular acceleration) exceeding 10 degrees
      per sec2. These units showed no resting activity. The second type had a resting
      activity between 20 to 40 impulses per second. Their reactions under vestibular
      stimulation resembled that of primary afferent neurones of the vestibular nerve
      of other vertebrates. The functional meaning of these findings is discussed.

PMID- 1082745
TI  - Mechanical explanation of the on-off effect (diphasic impedance change) in
      otospongiosis.
AB  - Impedancemetry gives important information in otospongiosis, both for relative
      compliance and impedance audiometry. The detection of the stapedius reflex is
      facilitated by recruitment in some audiometric types of otospongiosis and enables
      us to solve many of the masking problems which are particularly difficult in this
      disease due to the very important cross-hearing (or cross-over). Diphasic
      impedance changes (on-off effect) once detected must be systematically
      investigated since they allow us to detect otospongiosis early on. This sign is
      absolutely characteristic of the onset of a stapediovestibular involvement and is
      of primary interest in this disease because of its early appearance - before any
      classical audiometric change and any air-bone gap, i.e. before deafness. Diphasic
      impedance changes must thus be systematically investigated in case of so-called
      unilateral otospongiosis, in the audiometrically normal ear, and for the
      detection of otospongiosis in otospongiotic families. It is also helpful in
      confirming the otospongiotic origin of sensorineural losses before an air-bone
      gap appears. Our experience with routine stapedectomies and impedance audiometry
      measurements have led us to a purely mechanical explanation of the on-off effect,
      i.e. the response of an elastic system to a deformation with a different
      mechanism of the two inverse peaks, with a different mass and thus a different
      inertia. This mechanical explanation fits perfectly with anatomical findings.
      Everything occurs as if the evolutive stages of the onset of the
      stapediovestibular involvement were defined in impedancemetry, starting from the
      normal stapedius reflex, first by mixed forms, then by a pure on-off effect,
      finally by the disappearance of the stapedius reflex.

PMID- 1082746
TI  - Perception of static orientation in a constant gravitoinertial environment.
AB  - The illusions associated with the perception of static tilt in various specific
      force environments have been reviewed and then classified in such a way that a
      simple perceptual model could be developed to account for the experimental data.
      The fundamental conclusion to be drawn from this model is that these illusions
      can be accounted for by a simple non-linear transformation of the information
      primarily from the saccule.

PMID- 1082747
TI  - Beta-Adrenergic receptors: solubilization of (-)(3H)alprenolol binding sites from
      frog erythrocyte membranes.

PMID- 1082748
TI  - Electron microscopic observations of immunoreactive cells in the rheumatoid
      synovial membrane.
AB  - The perivascular infiltrates of the rheumatoid synovium were examined in the
      electron microscope. Lymphocyte-rich, plasma cell-rich, and transitional areas
      were observed. The transitional areas contained lymphocytes, plasma cells, blast
      cells, macrophages, and fribroblasts. Although lymphoblasts were frequent, the
      blast cells were predominantly plasmablasts. Marked degeneration of fibroblasts
      in the vicinity of lymphoblasts suggested the liberation of a lymphotoxin by the
      lymphoblasts. There was close contact between blast cells and macrophages and
      between macrophages and lymphocytes. The close association of lymphoblasts,
      plasmablasts, and macrophages in the transitional areas suggests that these are
      sites of T- and B-cell interaction in the rheumatoid synovial immune response.

PMID- 1082749
TI  - Cryoimmunoglobulinemia in Felty's syndrome.
AB  - Seven of 9 patients with Felty's syndrome exhibited cryoglobulins in greater
      amounts than found in uncomplicated RA but similar to amounts found in RA with
      vasculitis. Antinuclear antibodies were found in high titer in the sera and
      cryoglobulins of Felty's patients; when compared to SLE patients, whose sera and
      cryoglobulins also contained antinuclear factors, an antinuclear antibody
      reacting with nuclei of polymorphonuclear granulocytes appeared to be selectively
      concentrated in the cryoglobulins of some Felty's patients.

PMID- 1082750
TI  - Letter: Hydralazine therapy in idiopathic SLE.

PMID- 1082752
TI  - American Rheumatism Association. Presidential address. Whither or wither.

PMID- 1082751
TI  - Cutaneous vessel immune deposits in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A study to determine the presence of immune deposits in the cutaneous vessels of
      normal-appearing skin was made in 39 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Immune
      deposits in skin vessels were found in 20 of the 32 patients with seropositive
      rheumatoid arthritis. The frequency of such immune deposits was only slightly
      higher in patients with clinical vasculitis than in those without such
      vasculitis. There was an association among the presence of immune deposits in
      skin vessels, presence of antinuclear antibodies, and elevated serum levels of
      IgM and IgA. The major immunoreactants detected were IgM and C3. The presence of
      immune deposits in skin vessels does not differentiate seropositive rheumatoid
      aptients who have clinical vasculitis from those who do not have clinical
      vasculitis.

PMID- 1082753
TI  - Geographic distribution of consultant rheumatologists in the United States--1975.

PMID- 1082754
TI  - Lymphocyte responsiveness in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Lymphocyte transformation to various mitogens and antogens was studied in
      selected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. These patients were selected
      because they had taken no drug other than low-dose aspirin for 2 months prior to
      presentation. An impaired transformation response to the mitogens
      phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed was found. There was no impairment in the
      response to PPD and Candida. The impaired mitogen response, which could not be
      corrected using purified, warm-washed, and warm-cultured T lymphocytes, seemed to
      be a corollary of disease activity.

PMID- 1082755
TI  - Coronary artery disease: recent developments.

PMID- 1082756
TI  - Some problems of granulocytopoiesis.

PMID- 1082757
TI  - Stimulating factors in abnormal haematologic conditions.
AB  - Part of the present knowledge, due to the in vitro assays of human normal and
      leukaemic granulocytopoiesis, is briefly reviewed, with special attention to the
      meaning of the leukaemic CFU-C, and to the possible pathogenetic role of the
      relationship of CFU-C with CSF, in normal vs. leukaemic conditions. It is
      suggested that the role of CSF level during aplasia following cytotoxic therapy
      could be worthwhile of further investigation. Data are reported on the CSF
      activity of peripheral blood leukocytes in smouldering leukaemia (low), and in
      marrow aplasia (high), and of chronic myeloid leukaemia spleen cells (low CSF).
      Preliminary observations on the CFU-C content of spleen and liver in chronic
      myeloid leukaemia indicate that the role of these organs should receive adequate
      consideration.

PMID- 1082758
TI  - The role of thymosin in lymphocyte maturation.

PMID- 1082759
TI  - B-lymphocytosis factor in human plasma.
AB  - Patients with acute thermal burns experience an increase of serum immunoglobulins
      associated with marked B-lymphocytosis during the recovery phase from the burn
      injury. This study was performed to delineate humoral factors which may induce
      the B-lymphocytosis in such patients. Plasma samples were obtained serially from
      14 adult patients and 14 adult controls. One-half ml of plasma was injected
      intraperitoneally into C3H/He male mice, and absolute numbers of surface
      immunoglobulin-bearing cells in the mouse peripheral blood were counted.
      Fractionation of plasma samples was performed. The biologically active plasma
      fraction, tentatively termed B-lymphocytosis factor (BLF), was cultured with
      normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes to determine in vitro lymphocyte
      transformation. The solubility of 125I-labelled BLF in various organic solvents
      was examined. Plasma obtained from burned patients induced a marked increase of
      IgG, IgA, and IgM-bearing cells in the peripheral blood of mice within 3 hours
      after injection. The B-lymphocytosis activity of normal plasma was not
      significant. The molecular weight of BLF was estimated to be close to that of
      ribonuclease A (M.W. 13,400). Transformation of normal human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes was observed when cultured with BLF. 125I-labelled BLF was not
      soluble in organic solvents. These data suggest that BLF is not a
      lipopolysaccharide, and plays a role in regulation of B-lymphocyte levels in
      burned patients.

PMID- 1082760
TI  - [Pharmacological research on thiazolidine-carboxylic acid].

PMID- 1082761
TI  - [Evaluation of bursa-dependent and thymus-dependent lymphocytes of the peripheral
      blood of subjects with Basedow's disease].

PMID- 1082762
TI  - [Granulopoiesis in "smouldering" leukemias in vitro].

PMID- 1082763
TI  - [Identification of the lymphomonocytic cells of tissue infiltrates by labeling of
      the specific membrane receptors with sheep erythrocytes].

PMID- 1082764
TI  - [Colony forming cells (CFC), urinary/and leukocytic colony stimulating factor
      (CSF) activity in medullary aplasia].

PMID- 1082765
TI  - [Nature of urea transport through the baso-lateral membrane of the urinary
      bladder of Rana esculenta].

PMID- 1082766
TI  - Left ventricular angiography on exercise. A new method of assessing left
      ventricular function in ischaemic heart disease.
AB  - Left ventricular function was studied in 17 patients with ischaemic heart disease
      and compared with 4 patients with normal left ventricular function. The patients
      in the homogeneous group of ischaemic heart disease were further subdivided into
      those 'without angina' (n=5) and those 'with angina' (n=12), depending upon the
      presence of angina during supine leg exercise at the time of definitive study. At
      rest there was no significant difference in the heart rate, cardiac output,
      stroke volume, and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in the three
      groups. During exercise the cardiac output and stroke volume were significantly
      depressed and LVEDP was significantly raised in the ischaemic heart disease group
      as a whole but within this group failed to show any significant difference in
      patients with and without angina. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume
      (LVEDV) and end-systolic volume (LVESV) measurements showed clear separation of
      these three groups only on exercise. On exercise, there was decrease in LVEDV and
      LVESV (P less than 0.05; P less than 0.02) in the group with normal left
      ventricular function, no change in the group with ischaemic heart disease without
      angina, and striking increase in LVEDV and LVESV in the group with ischaemic
      heart disease and angina (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.02, respectively).
      This angiographic method of assessing left ventricular function shows clear
      separation of the three groups and also highlights the significance of angina.
      Ejection fraction (EF), a commonly measured parameter of left ventricular
      function, failed to reflect consistent changes on exercise as compared to values
      at rest which emphasizes the limitations of the measurement of ejection fraction
      at rest.

PMID- 1082767
TI  - Immunological responses of patients with psoriasis and the effect of treatment
      with methotrexate.
AB  - A group of thirty-six patients of whom fourteen were being treated with
      methotrexate, were studied in order to assess T-lymphocyte function by in vitro
      techniques. Circulating T-lymphocytes in aliqots of blood were assessed by the
      rosetting technique. No differences were found in psoriatics, whether on
      methotrexate or not, compared with fifteen control subjects. Lymphocyte counts
      and lymphocyte transformation to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) tended to be lower in
      the psoriatic group as a whole than in the controls, but the differences were not
      statistically significant, However, a significant inverse relationship was found
      between the extent of the skin lesions and lymphocyte transformation to PHA, i.e.
      the smaller the area of skin affected the higher the lymphocyte transformation.
      Psoriatics treated with methotrexate had fewer skin lesions and higher lymphocyte
      transformation to PHA than psoriatics not so treated, probably reflecting this
      inverse relationship. The reason why the presence of extensive psoriasis is
      associated with depressed lymphocyte transformation is not understood. No
      evidence was found that methotrexate depressed cell-mediated immunity as judged
      by these in vitro tests.

PMID- 1082768
TI  - Langerhans cells in the epidermis of athymic mice.
AB  - Langerhans cells were identified with the electron microscope in the epidermis of
      six athymic nu/nu mice. Their origin in the thymus is ruled out and their
      functional dependence on either the thymus or T lymphocytes seems improbable.

PMID- 1082769
TI  - Lymphocyte abnormalities in mycosis fungoides.
AB  - Fourteen patients with clinical and histological evidence of mycosis fungoides
      have undergone a series of immunological tests. Significant findings include the
      presence of low numbers of E and EAC rosette-forming cells in the peripheral
      circulation of the mycosis fungoides patients. Elevated levels of IgE were seen
      in five of the mycosis fungoides patients, and the mean IgE level was
      significantly higher than in the control series. Possible explanations of these
      findings are considered.

PMID- 1082770
TI  - Mycosis fungoides: model for T-lymphocyte homing to the skin?

PMID- 1082771
TI  - The scanning electron microscopy of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - A study of the effects of various sample preparation techniques for scanning
      electron microscopy has been undertaken in an attempt to resolve conflicting
      descriptions of the surface topography of human peripheral blood lymphocytes. By
      fixing cells in suspension--a technique thought most likely to avoid the
      production of artefacts--no clearly defined morphological classification of
      lymphocytes could be made, and when T- and B-lymphocyte enriched preparations
      were studied their surfaces appeared similar. Both T- and B-rosetted cells showed
      identical morphological changes as a result of their interaction with red blood
      cells. The smooth cells described in other reports were found only under certain
      conditions of preparation. It is therefore not possible to distinguish between T-
      and B-cell populations, using the S.E.M., on the basis of surface morphology
      alone.

PMID- 1082772
TI  - Effects of inhibitors of protein and RNA synthesis on aldosterone-stimulated
      changes in phospholipid fatty acid metabolism in the toad urinary bladder.
AB  - The effects of an inhibitor of RNA synthesis, cordycepin, and an inhibitor of
      protein synthesis, cycloheximide, on aldosterone-induced changes in lipid
      metabolism and phospholipid fatty acid composition have been studied in the toad
      urinary bladder. At the concentrations employed, the inhibitors abolish the
      hormone-induced increases in total lipid synthesis, phospholipid fatty acid
      specific activities, and weight percentage of phospholipid long-chain
      polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as blocking the aldosterone-mediated increase
      in sodium transport.

PMID- 1082773
TI  - Ultra-slow inactivation of the ionic currents through the membrane of myelinated
      nerve.
AB  - (1) Voltage-clamp experiments were performed with myelinated fibres isolated from
      the sciatic nerve of the frog to study slow changes of the specific sodium and
      potassium currents as a function of membrane (holding) potential and time. (2)
      The level of the peak sodium current depends on holding potential VH. This
      dependence can be described by a sigmoidal function uinfinity(VH). The underlying
      process is called "ultra-slow sodium inactivation" and is different and separable
      from the short time steady-state inactivation, hinfinity(V), and from the slow
      inactivation depending on the extracellular potassium concentration (Adelman,
      Jr., W. J. and Palti, Y. (1969), J Gen. Physiol. 54, 589-606; Peganov, E. M.,
      Khodorov, B.I. and Shishkova, L. D. (1973), Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 25, 15-19;
      Khodorov, B. I. Shishkova, L. D. and Peganov, E. M. (1974), Bull. Exp. Biol. Med.
      3, 10-14). (3) After a sudden change of the holding potential the sodium current
      reaches a new steady-state level (due to the transition of uinfinity(VH) to the
      corresponding value) within approx. 4 min. The kinetics of the transition cannot
      be described by a single exponential function. (4) A corresponding voltage- and
      time-dependent process of ultra-slow inactivation exists for the potassium
      current in the node of Ranvier. The kinetics are faster than those of the sodium
      system.

PMID- 1082774
TI  - [Model of the effect of the vestibular system on blood pressure during sleep].
AB  - A structural model of the effect of vestibular system on blood pressure during
      sleep is proposed. This model reflects joint action of the otolyth system and
      semicircular canal system, vestibular nuclei, vasomotor centre, vagus nuclei and
      of the central control mechanism of the state awakeness -- sleep. Anatomic and
      physiological prerequisites involved in the model are expressed by chains with
      transmission functions, signal generators, summators etc.

PMID- 1082775
TI  - Vestibular habituation to angular velocity steps in the cat.

PMID- 1082776
TI  - Effect of conditioning potential on potassium current kinetics in the frog node.
AB  - The kinetics of potassium conductance changes were determined in the voltage
      clamped frog node (Rana esculenta), as a function of conditioning prepotential.
      The conditioning potential duration varied from 1 to 50 ms and the amplitude
      between -60 and +130 mV (relative to rest). The conductance kinetics were
      determined at a single test potential of +20 mV (depolarization) by means of the
      slope of log [ninfinity - nt] vs. time relationship which defines the time
      constant of the process (tau). The values of tau, after conditioning
      hyperpolarizations, were around 5 ms, up to 10 times greater than values obtained
      following a strong depolarization. The tau vs. pre-potential curve was sigmoid in
      shape. These differences were only slightly dependent on [K+]0 or conditioning
      pulse duration. The steady-state current values were also found to be a function
      of conditioning potential. After conditioning hyperpolarizations, the log
      [ninfinity - nt] vs. time curve could not be fitted by a single exponent
      regardless of the power of n chosen. The prepotential dependency of potassium
      current kinetics is inconsistent with the Hodgkin-Huxley axon model where the
      conductance parameters are assumed to be in either one of two possible states,
      and where the rate of transfer from one state to the other follows first order
      kinetics. In contrast the described kinetics may be consistent with complex
      multistate potassium "channel" models or membranes consisting of a number of
      types of channels.

PMID- 1082777
TI  - [Determination of choleragen activity in tadpoles].
AB  - A method of titration of the V. cholerae toxin obtained from the broth culture
      filtrates is presented. In difference from the earlier methods, the larvae of
      Rana temporaria were used as a test object. The tadpoles were placed in the
      vessels with water containing graded concentrations of the toxin. The titer of
      the toxin activity was evaluated by the percentage of dead tadpoles. The
      concentration causing the death of 50 per cent of the tadpoles in the course of
      the 24 hours was taken as a unit of toxin activity. The method is simple, easily
      reproducible and economical.

PMID- 1082778
TI  - Improved techniques for liquid culture of human and mouse bone marrow.
AB  - Previous studies using the in vitro diffusion chamber (Marbrook) have shown that
      bone marrow grown in this system will undergo limited stem cell replication and
      differentiation to mature granulocytes and mononuclear phagocytes. A series of
      studies with modified culture systems was initiated to improve cell production
      and committed stem cell (CFU-C) proliferation in vitro. Introduction of a
      continuous-flow system and a migration technique providing means of egress for
      mature neutrophils resulted in substantially improved performance. CFU-C were
      found to be capable of migration through a 3-mu pore membrane. These studies
      indicated that membrane surface area, culture medium circulation, and mature cell
      egress were among the conditions that could be optimized for maximum
      hematopoietic cell proliferation in suspension culture. The present observations
      also suggested that large-scale in vitro growth of mammalian bone marrow may be
      feasible.

PMID- 1082779
TI  - Production of colony-stimulating factor by leukemic leukocytes.
AB  - The production of colony-stimulating factor (CSF) by the peripheral blood cells
      of untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was measured in the agar
      culture system using normal human bone marrow as the source of colony-forming
      units (CFUc). CSF production was found to be variable and was related to the
      morphologic subtype of AML--cells from patients with monocytic leukemia produced
      normal or large quantities of CSF, while (with one exception) those from patients
      with myeloblastic leukemia produced little or no CSF. There was a general
      relationship between CSF production and serum lysozyme levels. Attempts to
      demonstrate a consistent inhibitory effect exerted by leukemic peripheral blood
      cells on normal leukopoiesis in vitro were negative. Results instead suggested
      that the addition to the feeder layer of cells from patients with monocytic
      leukemia could raise CSF levels above those obtained with normal peripheral blood
      leukocytes alone, possibly by recruiting additional CFUc from normal marrow.

PMID- 1082780
TI  - In vitro regulation of granulopoiesis in human leukemia: application of an assay
      for colony-inhibiting cells.
AB  - We describe two assays to detect the action of colony-inhibiting cells. In the
      first assay, we used a simple density separation technique to remove dense
      neutrophils (PMN) from suspensions of blood and of bone marrow cells prior to
      culture in semisolid agar. Conditions were arranged to ensure that control
      suspensions of unseparated cells and test suspensions of buoyant mononuclear
      cells differed only in their content of neutrophils. The control and test
      suspensions contained equal numbers of mononuclear cells (and granulocyte
      precursors). Colony (and cluster) formation was invariably enhanced in neutrophil
      depleted cultures of normal cells. In the second assay, dense PMN, treated by an
      adherence separation procedure, were recovered, and the non-adherent dense PMN
      were added back to PMN-depleted cultures. A reproducible dose-related decrease in
      colony (and cluster) formation to basal levels resulted. The inhibitory effect
      was identical when the PMN were added directly to the culture (overlayer) or to
      the underlayer. In PMN-depleted cultures obtained from patients with leukemia and
      other hemopoietic disorders, neither colony nor cluster formation was enhanced,
      and sometimes it was reduced. When we compared the effect of adding patient and
      normal non-adherent PMN to target cultures of normal and patient PMN-depleted
      cells, some leukemic PMN were noninhibitory. Our results suggest that
      abnormalities of cellular interactions in vitro detected in the first assay may
      have more than one explanation, as shown when they are subjected to the closer
      scrutiny possible with the second assay.

PMID- 1082781
TI  - Relationship of colony-stimulating activity to apparent kill of human colony
      forming cells by irradiation and hydroxyurea.
AB  - Suspensions of human bone marrow cells were subjected to 137Cs irradiation in
      vitro and then cultured in semisolid agar medium. Cultures of irradiated cells
      were stimulated with colony-stimulating activity (CSA) of different potencies,
      and it was found that the amount of stimulation applied to cultures influenced
      the apparent kill of colony-forming cells (CFC). It was also found that the
      effects of irradiation on colony formation were not confined to CFC kill since
      medium conditioned by cells during irradiation exhibited stimulatory and
      inhibitory properties after treatment by 600 and 1000 rads, respectively. Studies
      in which irradiated cells were pretreated with hydroxyurea indicated that CFC in
      the DNA synthetic phase of the cell cycle were particularly sensitive to low
      doses of irradiation. The proliferative capacity of CFC surviving 1000 rads was
      undiminished as judged by their ability to form large colonies. Estimates of CFC
      kill by hydroxyurea were also affected by the level of CSA.

PMID- 1082782
TI  - Human bone marrow lymphocytes: B and T cell precursors and subpopulations.
AB  - Characterization of the different lymphocyte populations in normal human bone
      marrow (BM) was attempted and compared to that in the peripheral blood (PB). B
      cells comprised 34% +/- 11% of lymphocytes in BM and 23% +/- 9% in PB. The
      majority of B cells carried IgM in BM and IgG in the PB. In the BM, cells
      carrying complement or Fc receptors were fewer than cells carrying Ig, but in the
      PB they were equal. T cells comprised 6% +/- 4% of lymphocytes in the BM and 62%
      +/- 7% in the PB. The majority of BM lymphocytes did not have B or T cell
      markers; these probably included B and T cell precursors. BM lymphocytes carrying
      surface Ig increased in a 7-day culture, whereas those of the PB decreased.
      Pokeweed mitogen induced Ig synthesis in B cells of PB but not those of BM. BM-T
      cells were more efficient than PB-T cells in inhibiting Ig synthesis of PB-B
      cells. These results indicate that the BM compartment contains immature B cells
      that are capable of partial differentiation and maturation in vitro. BM-B
      lymphocytes are probably not involved in the effector phase of the immune
      response since they are unable to synthesize Ig and because they carry few
      receptors for complement of Fc, BM-T lymphocytes are very few and have suppressor
      capability and therefore may play an essential role in regulation of Ig synthesis
      by B cells.

PMID- 1082783
TI  - Effect of atropine on the decay of miniature end-plate currents at the frog
      neuromuscular junction.
AB  - 1 The effect of atropine on the time constant of decay (tau) of miniature end
      plate currents was investigated. 2. The atropine-induced shortening of tau was
      accompanied by a reduction in the voltage-sensitivity of tau. 3. This effect of
      atropine was reversible and dose-dependent, the voltage sensitivity being
      abolished with high concentrations of atropine (2.5 X 10(-5)M).

PMID- 1082784
TI  - Early experience with the Boerema button for bleeding oesophageal varices.
AB  - Early experience with the use of the Boerema button for bleeding oesophageal
      varices is reported. A simplified technique for its insertion is described, and
      of the 6 patients so treated, only 1 died. No patient has re-bled in the short
      follow-up period available, and oesophageal appearances suggest that prolonged
      relief from bleeding can be anticipated. Further exploration of the button
      ligation transection technique is suggested not only for control of acute
      bleeding, but also for patients unsuitable for shunt surgery.

PMID- 1082785
TI  - Letter: Radiology and endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1082786
TI  - The morphology of motoneurons and dorsal root fibers in the frog's spinal cord.
AB  - Ventral and dorsal roots of the frog's spinal cord were filled with cobaltous
      chloride, and the resulting cobaltous sulfide precipitate, following treatment
      with H2S-buffer solutions, was intensified with physical developers. A
      ventromedial and a dorsolateral motoneuron group could be discerned in the
      ventral horn. The ventromedial, motoneurons gave origin to a strong dendrite
      crossing to the contralateral side. In the dendritic arborization pattern of the
      dorsolateral motoneurons a dorsomedial, a dorsal and a lateral dendritic array
      were distinguished. They were regarded as representing three different input
      channels to the motoneurons. Intramedullary branching of motor axons and
      recurrent axon collaterals were never observed. The dorsal root could be divided
      into a medial and lateral division carrying small and large caliber fibers,
      respectively. The end-branches of the small caliber fibers were seen to terminate
      in the substantia gelatinosa. Fine collaterals of the large caliber fibers also
      terminated in the substantia gelatinosa; coarser collaterals penetrated deeper
      and terminated in a triangular-shaped area in the base of the dorsal horn and in
      the intermediate gray matter. From this area a tail was followed into the ventral
      horn and several synapses were seen on the proximal dendrites and on the somata
      of motoneurons. A few dorsal root fibers could be seen crossing to the
      contralateral side.

PMID- 1082787
TI  - An adaptive neural model compatible with plastic changes induced in the human
      vestibulo-ocular reflex by prolonged optical reversal of vision.

PMID- 1082788
TI  - Adaptation of cat vestibulo-ocular reflex to 200 days of optically reversed
      vision.

PMID- 1082789
TI  - Spontaneous activity in amphibian second-order olfactory neurons.

PMID- 1082790
TI  - The role of sensitized macrophages in induction of specific cell mediated
      cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1082791
TI  - Five years' experience with aortocoronary bypass grafting.
AB  - During a 5-year period (Apr. 14, 1970 to Apr. 14, 1975) 930 patients underwent
      aortocoronary bypass grafting; the procedure was done as an emergency in 141. Of
      the entire group 3.3% died at operation, 1.6% died in hospital and 5.8% died
      later; of the patients undergoing emergency grafting 12.1% died at operation and
      5.7% died later. From a detailed analysis of the first 600 patients it was found
      that both operative and late mortality were clearly related to two factors:
      severe left ventricular dysfunction at the time of operation and inadequate
      surgical treatment because of insertion of insufficient numbers of grafts or
      because of poor blood flow through the grafts.

PMID- 1082792
TI  - Information systems. Part VII: problem-oriented medical records for family
      practice.

PMID- 1082793
TI  - Ampicillin-resistant Hemophilus sp.

PMID- 1082794
TI  - An approach to immunotherapy using antibody to IgE in mast cell leukemia.
AB  - Passive immunotherapy was attempted in a patient with mast cell leukemia using
      antibody against IgE. The results of both in vitro and in vivo studies indicate
      that although receptor sites for IgE were retained by the malignant mast cell, a
      secretory defect was present characterized by the spontaneous release of
      histamine and an impaired secretory response to anti-IgE antibody. Anti-IgE
      antibody selectively and reproducibly reduced the number of circulating mast
      cells probably by facilitating their permanent uptake by the reticuloendothelial
      system. Tolerance was not achieved with high dose deaggregated sheep IgG, nor
      were we able to confirm the effectivity of immunochemotherapy based on linking
      chlorambucil to antibody directed against the tumor-associated "antigen" IgE.

PMID- 1082795
TI  - Lymphocyte abnormalities in untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - The study comprises 38 unselected and untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease
      (HD) and 23 healthy persons. Highly purified blood lymphocytes were analyzed for
      cells forming rosettes with sheep red blood cells (T lymphocytes), and
      lymphocytes bearing surface immunoglobulin (B lymphocytes) and/or carrying
      receptors for complement. Their DNA synthesis, spontaneously, or after activation
      with mitogens (phytohemagglutinin, concanavallin A, poke weed mitogen) and
      purified protein derivative (PPD) was measured. Delayed skin hypersensitivity to
      PPD and mumps antigen was studied. Most HD patients had low numbers of T
      lymphocytes (50% of the cases below normal range) while the mean B-lymphocyte
      level was normal but with a greater variation than in the control group.
      Lymphocytes from most patients were poorly stimulated by T-cell mitogens. Two
      thirds of the patients and one healthy control had negative skin reaction to 2 TU
      PPD and the DNA synthesis of their lymphocytes after activation with PPD was low.
      Large lymphoid cells (greater than 9-mm diameter) were commonly present in HD
      blood and the spontaneous DNA synthesis was high, particularly in lymphocytes
      from stage B patients. The percentage of T lymphocytes and the stimulation of
      lymphocytes by T-cell mitogens or by PPD, a T-lymphocyte function, did not
      correlate and each test only detected defects in about half the cases.
      Simultaneous application of all tests revealed abnormalities of blood T
      lymphocytes in 33 out of 38 patients. Although the defects were usually more
      pronounced in patients with advanced disease, the impairment of T lymphocytes and
      their functions is present in all stages of Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1082796
TI  - Treatment of spontaneous leukemia in AKR mice with chemotherapy, immunotherapy,
      or interferon.
AB  - AKR mice are genetically destined to develop Gross (RNA) virus-induced lymphatic
      leukemia. Leukemic AKR mice treated with combination vincristine,
      cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)-1
      nitrosourea sustained a 180% increase of life-span. Combination chemotherapy plus
      immunization with neuraminidase-treated allogeneic (Gross virus-induced) G2G
      leukemic cells intradermally resulted in 35% of animals surviving beyond 150 days
      without evidence of the disease. It is significant that allogeneic E2G leukemic
      cells as immunogen were as effective in prolonging the life-span of the immunized
      leukemic AKR mice as were syngeneic leukemic thymocytes. Virazole (1-beta-D
      ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide), an antiviral compound, alone showed
      no apparent antitumor effect. However, in experiments in which the clinically
      diagnosed leukemic AKR mice received a combination of cytoreductive therapy
      [vincristine plus prednisone or, more effectively, vincristine, Cytoxan plus 1-(2
      chloroethyl)-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea, followed by Virazole],
      there was a noticeable reduction of the viral titer, a delay in the reappearance
      of viable clonogenic cells, and an increase in the survival time for the leukemic
      AKR mice as compared to those receiving cytoreductive therapy alone. The
      effectiveness of purified mouse interferon in AKR mice was also examined. The
      decrease in the viral titer of animals that received interferon treatment was
      markedly greater than of those receiving a combination of cytoreductive therapy
      with Virazole or immunotherapy. The administration of mouse interferon had a
      direct effect on the appearance of the spontaneous leukemia in AKR mice. The
      median life-span of the control animals was 36 weeks, whereas 45% of the AKR mice
      treated with five doses of 5 X 10(4) units of interferon are still alive at 54
      weeks of age. Thus, interferon not only reduces the Gross murine leukemia virus
      titer in the chronically infected AKR mice but also significantly delays the
      appearance of the primary lymphoma.

PMID- 1082797
TI  - [New views on hemostasis].

PMID- 1082798
TI  - The differentiation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitro: an ultrastructural
      study.
AB  - T killer cells were identified morphologically in two different culture systems.
      The first system allowed identification by comparing under identical culture
      conditions two types of stimulation, one leading to cytotoxic activity levels
      that were very high (H-2 stimulation) and the other to levels which were
      practically nil (M-locus stimulation). A second system allowed identification by
      the use of a collaborative system in which relatively pure precursors of T killer
      cells were mixed with precursors of T amplifier cells from which they were
      distinguishable by their Thy-l antigen. In this latter case, surface labelling
      techniques had to be used. As in the in vivo situation, T killer cells were
      medium-sized pale cells with evidence of a well-developed secretory and motile
      apparatus. No evidence of highly active protein synthesis was found. Other T
      cells were dark and mainly derived from the T amplifier population, again
      consistent with in vivo findings. There was considerable background
      proliferation, even in the absence of any added antigen, and this included the
      formation of some well-developed plasma cells.

PMID- 1082799
TI  - [Comparison of emergency endoscopic and x-ray examinations in acute haemorrhage
      into the upper digestive tract (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082800
TI  - [Use of magnetic fields and electronic noise in the treatment of insomnia and
      neurosis].

PMID- 1082801
TI  - [Evaluation of the hemostatic effect of Dicynon in dentoalveolar surgery].

PMID- 1082802
TI  - Correlation of platelet survival time with occlusion of saphenous vein aorto
      coronary bypass grafts.
AB  - Platelet survival time is frequently shortened in patients with coronary artery
      disease, and it is one of several factors that might contribute to graft
      occlusion after saphenous vein coronary artery bypass (CAB). In 35 patients with
      CAB, average platelet survival (autologous labeling with 51Chromium) was
      shortened in 20 with one or more saphenous vein grafts occluded and normal in 15
      with all grafts open. Of 15 with all grafts open, individual levels of platelet
      survival were normal in 10 while in 20 with one or more grafts occluded platelet
      survival was normal in only one. Platelet survival was not altered by coronary
      surgery and nine of ten with shortened platelet survival pre-operatively had
      graft occlusion. Platelet survival did not correlate with either parent artery
      occlusion or serum lipoproteins. These findings suggest a relationship between
      shortened platelet survival and saphenous vein graft occlusion and suggest that
      platelet suppressant therapy might be useful in preventing graft occlusion.

PMID- 1082803
TI  - Female genital tuberculosis.

PMID- 1082805
TI  - Electrical stimulation: the primary method of choice in pain relief.

PMID- 1082804
TI  - Synthesis of folate polyglutamates in human cells.
AB  - 1. Synthesis of polyglutamate derivatives from radioactively labelled folic acid,
      folinic acid and methotrexate has been studied in human phytohaemagglutinin
      transformed lymphocytes. 2. With labelled folic acid as the precursor,
      approximately 20% of the labelled cell folate was found in each of the mono-,
      tetra-, penta- and hexaglutamate peaks after 72 h of incubation. At earlier
      times, the amounts of labelled folate polyglutamates were proportionately greater
      and the amount of labelled higher folate polyglutamates was lower. After only 4 h
      incubation over 80% of the intracellular labelled folate was still in the
      monoglutamate form. 3. With labelled folinic acid used as precursor,
      approximately 30% of labelled cell folate after 72 h incubation was in the form
      of folate pentaglutamate, with tri- and tetra-glutamate forming the other major
      peaks. The speed of formation of polyglutamate derivatives was substantially more
      rapid than from folic acid. 4. Methotrexate was found to decrease considerably
      the amount of folate polyglutamate formation from labelled folic acid in
      lymphocytes byt nevertheless some di-, tri- and traces of tetra-glutamate were
      formed. On the other hand, methotrexate had no effect on folate polyglutamate
      formation with labelled folinic acid used as the precusor. 5. Polyglutamate
      derivatives of labelled methotrexate were formed by human lymphocytes with mean
      amounts of 4-5% of di-, 1-5% of tri-, 1-0% of tetra- and 0-7% of penta-glutamate
      derivatives being formed over the period 48-72h of culture. 6. Pentaglutamate
      derivatives probably constitute the largest group of intracellular folates in
      human cells but a complex mixture exists. 7. The enzyme synthesizing
      polyglutamate derivatives of folate in human cells prefers a reduced folate as
      substrate but the requirement for a reduced form is not absolute. The nature of
      the reduced folate is uncertain but it is suggested on the basis of previous work
      that tetrahydrofolate rather than methylhydropfolate or any other reduced folate
      monoglutamate is the preferred substrate.

PMID- 1082806
TI  - The theoretic basis of cancer immunotherapy.

PMID- 1082807
TI  - Transcutaneous stimulation in the treatment of pain.

PMID- 1082808
TI  - Effect of temperature on pyruvate metabolism in the frog: the role of lactate
      dehydrogenase isoenzymes.

PMID- 1082809
TI  - [Massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage of diverticular origin. Diagnostic and
      therapeutic problems].

PMID- 1082810
TI  - [Early diagnosis of leukaemic transformation of malignant non-hodgkin lymphoma in
      childhood (author's transl)].
AB  - Fresh tumour cells from four children, aged 3-11 years, with malignant non
      Hodgkin lymphoma were examined with four different immunological cell markers (E
      rosettes, membrane-immunoglobulins, receptors for complement, and receptors for
      Fc fragment). In three patients a T-cell marker (E-rosettes) was found in most of
      their tumour cells, the marker differing from that of T-lymphcoytes by different
      temperature kinetics. This difference may be used to recognise earlier than
      previously possible the frequently observed diffuse infiltration of bone marrow
      (leukaemic transformation) and of the nervous system in the course of the
      disease.

PMID- 1082811
TI  - [Pain suppression in the trigeminal region by means of transcutaneous nerve
      stimulation].
AB  - On the basis of the gate control theory, an attempt was made to influence acute
      pain by transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TNS) in the region of the trigeminal
      nerve. After favorable first results in clinical application, we determined
      sensation and pain treshold values of teeth in two groups of patients by exactly
      defined electric stimuli of different degrees. After transcutaneous electro
      stimulation of the pertinent ramus of the trigeminal nerve with rectangular
      stimulating currents, the threshold measurements were repeated. The thresholds
      were raised by an average 79% as far as sensation was concerned, and by an
      average 69% as far as pain was concerned.

PMID- 1082812
TI  - [Hypothetical concept: the physiopathological entity of monoaminergic psychoses].
AB  - The importance of amino acid transport across the blood-brain barrier as the
      limiting factor in the metabolism of monoamines has been emphasized by many
      recent publications. Particularly critical is the transport of tryptophan, since
      tryptophan hydroxylase is not saturated. This transport is regulated by complex
      mechanisms, both at the periphery (total and free plasmatic levels and levels of
      the other essential amino acids) and centraly (by feedback mechanism initiated at
      the pre- and post-synaptic levels). The hydroxylated derivatives of tryptophan
      and tyrosine, i.e. 5-HTP and L-DOPA, most probably share the same transport
      mechanism as these amino acids themselves. In manic-depressive patients, the
      uptake of L-5-HTP is increased during the depressive phase, while the uptake of L
      DOPA, is increased during the manic phase. We suggest that an increase in the
      uptake of tryptophan may set off oscillations in all the monoaminergic systems,
      thus providing a biochemical model of manic-depressive psychosis. In terms of
      this model, melancholy would be due to a hyperserotoninergic syndrome together
      with a relative hypocatecholaminergic syndrome. Mania would be due to a
      homogeneous hypercatecholaminergic syndrome together with a relative
      hyposerotoninergic syndrome. Such a model is compatible with present knowledge of
      the physiology of monoamines, of the semeiology and biological disturbances of
      manic-depressive psychosis, and of the treatment of this disease. It reconciles
      the monoaminergic and ionic theories of the disease better than other existing
      hypotheses. A reduced transport of tryptophan with a secondary increase in the
      transport ot tyrosine provides a conceivable model for schizophrenia. Indeed, a
      serotoninergic hypoactivity coupled with a dopaminergic hyperactivity, with or
      without a noradrenergic deficiency, would account for the semeiology quite
      adequately. This model too would be compatible with present knowledge of
      monoamine physiology, of the biochemical disturbances underlying schizophrenia
      and of the mode of action of anti-psychotic drugs. This unitarian heuristic
      concept of the monoaminergic psychoses would be in better agreement with the
      classic clinical data concerning this disease (typology intermediate syndromes
      and crossed heredity).

PMID- 1082813
TI  - Deoxyribosyl transfer catalysis with trans-N-deoxyribosylase. Kinetic study of
      purine(pyrimidine) to pyrimidine(purine) trans-N-deoxyribosylase.
AB  - Kinetic studies were carried out in order to investigate the enzymic mechanism of
      a 215-fold-purified purine(pyrimidine) nucleoside: purine(pyrimidine)
      deoxyribosyl transferase fraction from Lactobacillus helveticus. A variety of
      natural deoxyribonucleosides and bases were used as substrates. Initial velocity,
      product inhibition and isotopic exchange studies are consistent with a ping-pong
      bi-bi mechanism. The kinetic parameters are used to show that this fraction is
      free from any contamination by a specific purine nucleoside: purine deoxyribosyl
      transferase also found in the same strain of L. helveticus.

PMID- 1082814
TI  - Impaired responsiveness to folinic acid protection in methotrexate-resistant
      L5178Y cells.

PMID- 1082815
TI  - Control mechanisms of endotoxin and particulate material stimulation of
      hemopoietic colony forming cell differentiation.
AB  - Through injection of particulate materials and endotoxins (ET), possible control
      mechanisms of murine hemopoietic colony forming cells (CFC) were investigated.
      The experimental system employed two inbred strains of mice that responded with a
      similar increase in splenic CFC after injection of particulate materials, sheep
      red blood cells (SRBC) and colloidal carbon (cc), but differed in their response
      to ET. The strains similarly phagocytosed radiolabelled SRBC and ET, suggesting
      that the CFC changes were not dependent solely on phagocytosis of ET. The CFC
      from low ET responder strain responded in vitro to colony stimulating factor
      (CSF) elicited by ET in serum of the high responder strain, demonstrating that
      lack of response to ET is due, at least in part, to failure to produce CSF.
      Subjection of serum from either strain to chloroform extraction did not
      significantly increase its stimulating capacity, suggesting that the increased
      stimulatory ability in response to ET was due to increase in the CSF level rather
      than to a decrease in the level of inhibition.

PMID- 1082816
TI  - Assessment of bone marrow function: microscopy versus the agar colony assay.
AB  - Changes in bone marrow status followig cytotoxic chemotherapy were measured by
      means of peripheral blood counts, bone marrow cytology and colony-formation in
      agar culture. A correlation is described between colony-forming ability and
      marrow differential count.

PMID- 1082817
TI  - Anaemia and the induction of myeloid leukaemia in RFM mice.
AB  - The results from short term experiments provide little support for the idea that
      the anaemic stress produced by phlebotomy acts as a trigger for myeloid leukaemia
      in mice genetically prone to the development of the disease. Longer term
      investigation has also failed to reveal any difference between bled and control
      mice and at this time (16 months after bleeding) no animals have died from
      myeloid leukaemia. These observations are in contrast to the recently reported
      effect of phlebotomy as a trigger for myeloid leukaemia in unirradiated RFM mice
      and in irradiated rats. The results given in this paper are discussed in relation
      to the haemopoietic stem cell compartment in leukaemogenesis and the relationship
      between these cells and the mature cells in the peripheral blood.

PMID- 1082818
TI  - Stimulating factors liberated by treated bone marrow: in vitro effect on CFU
      kinetics.

PMID- 1082819
TI  - Behavior of horizontal semicircular canal afferents in alert monkey during
      vestibular and optokinetic stimulation.
AB  - The behavior of single vestibular nerve fibers from the lateral semicircular
      canal was recorded during sinusoidal oscillations of the head, during optokinetic
      stimulation with the head stationary, and during spontaneous oculomotor behavior
      in the alert monkey. The response of similar fibers to adequate vestibular
      stimulation was also studied in some of the animals under deeply anesthetized
      conditions. In the alert animals all units were spontaneously active and their
      discharge was modulated only by adequate vestibular stimulation. Ipsilateral
      horizontal rotations of the head were excitatory for all units. No modification
      of this basic vestibular response by visual stimulation including full-field
      striped drum rotation was observed. Furthermore no correlation of unit activity
      with oculomotor function including voluntary saccadic and pursuit eye movements
      was found in any of the units. The regularity of spontaneous discharge was the
      most consistent characteristic that differentiated the unit response into types.
      Most units were very regular in discharge, but a few were very irregular. The
      averaging of unit discharge over several cycles of oscillatory head rotation
      showed that the irregular type units were also consistently modulated by adequate
      vestibular stimulation. Both regular and irregular type units were found in the
      anesthetized animals. Unimodal distributions of the quantitative values for unit
      resting discharge rate, sensitivity, and phase relationship were found. The
      distributions for these three parameters were similar in the units recorded in
      the anesthetized animals. Thus at least these characteristics of semicircular
      canal response seem not to be affected by the vestibular efferent system which
      should be altered or eliminated in the case of the anesthetized animals.

PMID- 1082820
TI  - Genetic control of LDH isozymes in the Rana esculenta complex.
AB  - Studies of LDH isozymes in the European green frogs showed that the synthesis of
      the B subunits is controlled by 3 alleles at a single genetic locus. The genetic
      evidence supports the hypothesis that Rana esculenta is the hybrid of R. lessonae
      X R. ridibunda.

PMID- 1082821
TI  - Effect of orotic acid on liver glycogen of different animal species.
AB  - The effect of orotic acid on the liver glycogen content in the mice, frogs and
      catfish was studied. It was observed that the orotic acid significantly increases
      the glycogen content in the liver of mice and catfish as it does in rats. On the
      other hand it causes a fall of the glycogen level in frogs in experiments made
      both in autumn and spring. This effect was modified by amino acids administered
      together with orotic acid.

PMID- 1082822
TI  - A population of human lymphocytes staining for esterases.
AB  - A population of lymphocytes is found to stain positively for esterases. The
      positively staining lymphocytes are more predominant among T than B lymphocytes
      and are significantly increased on stimulation with PHA. Treatment with
      cholinestrase inhibitors reduces their number significantly.

PMID- 1082823
TI  - [Influence of substances that change the serotonin level of the brain on the
      analgesic effect of promedol in rats].
AB  - In tests with determination of pain reaction in rats registered by their squeak
      and arising in reponse to a single electric irritation of the tail evidence was
      obtained to the effect that substances both lowering the serotonin content in the
      brain (p-chlorphenylalanine, reserpine) and raising it (5-oxytryptophan,
      pargilin) cause a fall of the threshold, viz. 5-oxytryptophan and pargilin
      display antagonism to the analgetic effect of trimeperidine hydrochloride,
      whereas p-chlorphenylalanine, and inhibitor of trypophan-hydroxylase and
      tipindol, an antagonist of serotonin, do not exert any noticeable influence on
      the extent of the analgesic effect of trimeperidine hydrochloride.

PMID- 1082824
TI  - Influence of thyroid hormones on neuronal death and differentiation in larval
      Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1082825
TI  - Peripheral T-lymphocytes in juvenile-onset diabetics (JOD) and in maternity-onset
      diabetics (MOD).
AB  - The percentage and absolute number per mm.3 of peripheral T-lymphocytes were
      determined in 11 juvenile-onset diabetics (JOD), in 21 maturity-onset diabetics
      (MOD), and in 18 normal subjects (NS). The percentage was significantly lower in
      JOD (38.1) than in MOD (57.2) and NS (56.5). The absolute T-lymphocytes number
      per mm.3 was significantly lower in JOD (833) than in NS (1,260); this was also
      true for JOD as against MOD (1,026), even if the difference was not statistically
      significant. No difference was found between MOD and NS, or between MOD on oral
      therapy and on insulin treatment. The decrease of peripheral T-lymphocytes in JOD
      was not related to associated illness or drugs. The data presented suggest the
      possibility of an altered cell-mediated immunity in juvenile-onset diabetics.

PMID- 1082826
TI  - [Clinical coronarographic characteristics and pathogenetic mechanism of angina
      pectoris with s-t elevation (author's transl)].
AB  - The study of 46 patients with frequent anginal episodes characterized by S-T
      elevation (so called "variant angina pectoris") demonstrated that this type of
      electrocardiographic pattern does not characterize a homogeneous group of
      patients. In fact, while in some patients angina occurred only at rest, in others
      it occurred also on exercise. Sometimes ecgraphic alterations characterized by S
      T depression were observed on the same leads which on other occasions had shown S
      T elevation. The angiographic picture revealed: absence of significant coronary
      alterations in 10% of cases, stenosis greater than 75% in one main branch in 29%,
      in two branches in 39% and in three branches in 22% of cases. The hemodynamic
      monitoring carried out on 14 of these patients demonstrated that the ecgraphic
      modifications occur before the onset of the hemodynamic parameters which control
      myocardial O2 consumption. This suggests a primitive reduction of regional
      myocardial blood supply as a cause of the ischaemic episodes. The study of the
      regional myocardial perfusion with 201Tl technique in 6 patients confirmed this
      hypothesis. Coronary angiography carried out during an ischemic episode showed
      that the reduction of myocardial blood supply was caused by a spasm of a large
      coronary artery involving a long segment of the vessel, reversible by
      nitroglycerin administration. Aorto-coronary by-pass operation performed on 6
      patients was followed by the disappearance of pain in two patients, even though
      the "by-pass" patency was angiographically proved in two patients.

PMID- 1082827
TI  - Co-operation between macrophages and a factor from lymphocytes in tumor lysis in
      vitro.
AB  - Peritoneal cells from C3H/He mice immunized against syngeneic MM46 ascites tumor
      cells specifically lysed these tumor cells in vitro, while spleen cells or lymph
      node cells from immunized hosts were completely ineffective. The effector cells
      differed from lymphocytes in their morphological characteristics, property of
      adherence, phagocytic activity, and sensitivity to anti-theta serum. The
      cytolytic action of the peritoneal cells was not due to cytotoxic lymphocytes,
      but to macrophages. These macrophages lysed tumor cells in co-operation with a
      factor derived from immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes. Neither macrophages from
      immunized hosts nor the factor from lymphocytes alone had a cytolytic action on
      the target cells. Normal macrophages showed some cytolytic activity in the
      presence of the factor from lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082828
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in the pediatric patient.
AB  - The value of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in adults is well established. This
      study of 50 children demonstrates that upper gastrointestinal endoscopy can be
      performed safely and effectively in this age group without general anesthesia.
      Endoscopy appears more sensitive than radiology in the detection not only of
      superficial mucosal lesions, but of gastric and duodenal ulcers as well.

PMID- 1082829
TI  - Use of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the diagnosis of
      pancreatic fistula.

PMID- 1082830
TI  - Acute hemorrhagic incarceration of prolapsed gastric mucosa.
AB  - In some patients with hiatus hernia, vomiting may propel a plug of redundant
      gastric mucosa into the distal esophagus, where it becomes incarcerated and
      engorged. Significant bleeding may result. Reduction of the hernia controls the
      hemorrhage. Endoscopy after the acute episode may demonstrate a gastric mucosal
      lesion considered to be characteristic of the syndrome.

PMID- 1082831
TI  - Gonadotropin-stimulated uptake of steroid hormones by Rana pipiens ovarian
      follicles incubated in vitro.

PMID- 1082832
TI  - [Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic actions of 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-3-N,
      N-dimethylcarbamoyl-5-methoxypyrazole (PZ-177)].
AB  - We have reported that PZ-177 was found to have potent inhibitory activity on
      acute inflammatory edema. In this paper, the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and
      antipyretic properties of PZ-177 were assessed by a battery of standard tests. PZ
      177 inhibited the increased vascular permeability induced by histamine, xylene
      and acetic acid. The activity was the same as the anti-edematous one and was more
      potent than that of mepirizole. PZ-177 did not inhibit ultraviolet erythema in
      guinea pigs, proliferation of granulation tissue in cotton pellet and granuloma
      pouch tests of rats and adjuvant arthritis in rats. Wound healing was not
      prolonged and the agent was weak in ulcerogenic action. PZ-177 did not affect
      heat denaturation of bovine serum albumin at pH 5.3, but inhibited hyperthermic
      hemolysis at pH 7.4 and exerted a stabilizing effect on biological membranes.
      This is considered to be one of the mechanisms of action. When analgesic action
      was tested by the writhing and Haffner's methods in mice, the compound revealed a
      more potent activity than did mepirizole and aminopyrine. Utilizing the Randall
      Selitto's analgesic method in rats, a significant rise in pain threshold was
      obtained only at the inflamed foot. The antipyretic action was less than
      aminopyrine in febrile rabbits. From the above results, PZ-177 may be classified
      as a potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent but has no effect on
      proliferation of granulation tissue and chronic inflammatory disease.

PMID- 1082833
TI  - [Pharmacological studies of 2-(5H-(1)benzopyrano(2,3-b)pyridin-7-yl)propionic
      acid (Y-8004). (I) Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic actions].
AB  - A newly synthesized anti-inflammatory agent, Y-8004 demonstrated a greater
      inhibition than did indomethacin (IM). on inflammatory response such as
      ultraviolet erythema in guinea pigs, carrageenin edema, evans blue and
      carrageenin-induced pleuritis and acetic acid-induced peritonitis in rats. On the
      other hand, the inhibition of Y-8004 was to the same extent as IM regarding
      granuloma formation around cotton pellet and the development of adjuvant
      arthritis in rats, however, Y-8004 was only half as effective as IM regarding
      exudation in granuloma pouch. In addition, the agent was effective in alleviating
      established adjuvant arthritis, the anti-inflammatory activity was not mediated
      by stimulation of the adrenals, and glucocorticoid-like activity could not be
      demonstrated. Furthermore, analgesic and antipyretic activities were to the
      degree as seen with IM, and the analgesic property of Y-8004 was considered to be
      peripheral as is the case with IM. The ulcerogenic activity of Y-8004 was
      observed to be mainly in the jejunum and ileum of the rat, but compared to IM,
      there were considerable differences between the ulcerogenic and the effective
      doses. As Y-8004 has a wider therapeutic margin than IM, this non-steroidal anti
      inflammatory agent should be quite applicable for clinical purposes.

PMID- 1082835
TI  - [Obsessional-compulsive state with depressive features].

PMID- 1082834
TI  - [Mechanisms of intestinal ulcer production by a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
      agent (TAI-284) in rats (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082836
TI  - [Bronchial carcinoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082837
TI  - An avoidable tragedy-uveitis.

PMID- 1082839
TI  - [Intelligence (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082838
TI  - Experience in the treatment of drug addiction by electro-acupuncture.

PMID- 1082840
TI  - Young drug addicts in Hong Kong.

PMID- 1082841
TI  - [The appendix (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082842
TI  - [Pleural effusion (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082843
TI  - [Adrenocortical steroids (author's transl)].

PMID- 1082844
TI  - General care of the surgical patient.

PMID- 1082845
TI  - President's address. International nurses day celebration.

PMID- 1082846
TI  - Evaluation of a nurse-teacher education program in Hong Kong.

PMID- 1082847
TI  - Effects of certain antiinflammatory and analgesic drugs on the release of enzymes
      from normal and leukaemic leucocyte granules.

PMID- 1082848
TI  - Surface properties of T- and B-cells in leukaemic AKR mice.

PMID- 1082849
TI  - Malignant transformation of T-cells in leukaemic AKR--mice.

PMID- 1082850
TI  - [Possible role of immune-phenomena in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The R.A. is accompanied by a variety of different immune-phenomena. These are not
      restricted to the well known and diagnostically exploited IgM-rheumatoid factors
      in serum, but involve also rheumatoid factors of the Ig-classes G and A, which,
      at least partially are produced by lymphoid cells, which infiltrate the synovial
      membranes. These cellular infiltrations consist of macrophages, B and T
      lymphocytes, the latter being in excess. There is now good evidence that locally
      deposited, complement activating immune-complexes participate in the inflammatory
      lesions of the R.A.-joints by inducing the release of hydrolases from phagocytic
      cells. This event is also mediated by lymphokines and complement factors. Is is
      suggested that the pathogenicity of the immunoreactions occuring within the
      synovial tissue and fluid is a quantitative rather than a qualitative problem. In
      contrast to other tissues, the anatomy of the joint may favour the local
      accumulation of the immune-complexes. Moreover abundant immuno-reactions may be
      provided by a defective T-cell mediated control. Thus there is strong indication
      that immune-phenomena play an important role in the pathogenesis of R.A. This
      does not exclude the significance of metaboltic disturbances of the connective
      tissues for this disease.

PMID- 1082851
TI  - Enumeration of polyclonal mitogen-responsive cells in different lymphoid tissues
      of the mouse.
AB  - The relative number of cells capable of responding to Con A, PHA and LPS in the
      spleen, blood, lymph node and Peyer's patches of CBA mice has been quantified by
      means of a cytological analysis technique. No difference has been found between
      Con A- and PHA-responsive cells in spleen and lymph node. The lymphoid tissues of
      T cell-deprived mice have a reduced content of PHA responsive cells, but LPS
      responsiveness is within normal limits. Pretreatment of peripheral lymphocyte
      populations with high concentrations of anti-O antiserum and complement abolishes
      the response of the treated cells to PHA, but not to LPS, whereas similar
      treatment with a cytotoxic anti-immunoglobulin serum, which has no effect on PHA
      responsive cells, only partially reduces the response to LPS. The results for
      mitogen responsiveness are discussed with reference to other methods of
      quantifying T and B cells using cell-surface markers.

PMID- 1082852
TI  - Dextran-triggered T cells heighten T- and B-cell reactions to mitogens.
AB  - Dextran administered to mice of six strains has been found to cause enhanced
      responses of spleen cells to the mitogens Con A and LPS. When added to cultures
      of spleen cells in vitro in a wide range of concentrations dextran, alone, was
      neither mitogenic nor toxic. The enhancement is mediated through T cells since it
      was absent in spleen cells from dextrantreated athymic mice. Furthermore, for the
      enhanced response to LPS, T cells from dextran-treated mice apparently must be in
      close association with B cells for longer than 2 h. The enhancement is
      accomplished through a humoral factor(s) produced by splenic T cells. The T cell
      derived enhancing factor(s) has been shown to affect allogeneic as well as
      isogeneic T and B cells.

PMID- 1082853
TI  - Characterization of dextran-activated T-cell factors.
AB  - Dextran given to mice caused splenic T cells to elaborate factors in vitro which
      heightened normal splenic B- and T-cell responses to the mitogens LPS and Con A,
      respectively. Chromatographic separation of dextran-triggered spleen cell
      supernatants revealed two T cell-derived enhancing factors which affect T cells
      (TDEF-TI and TDEF-TII) and two that alter B cells (TDEF-BI and TDEF-BII). All
      appear to be proteinaceous because exposure to trypsin destroyed their
      activities. Furthermore, their presence was found to be dependent upon protein
      synthesis since cycloheximide treatment of the cells inhibited synthesis whereas
      mitomycin C treatment did not. Based on absorption studies, receptors for TDEF-TI
      and TII were detected on thymic cells as well as on O-deficient bone marrow
      cells, whereas receptors for TDEF-BI and BII were on bone marrow cells but not
      thymic cells.

PMID- 1082854
TI  - Immunochemical characterization of the anti-RNA antibodies found in scleroderma
      and systemic lupus erythematosus. II. Reactivity with hsa-coupled, uridine
      containing, monophosphoric ribodinucleotides.
AB  - Sera from patients with scleroderma have been found to have anti-RNA antibodies
      which react with human serum albumin (HSA)-coupled uridine and uridine
      monophosphate (UMP) and are inhibited by uracil, uridine and UMP. Scleroderma
      sera react uniformly with 5'-polyuridylic acid (poly(U)) and fail to react with
      polyadenylic, polyuridylic acid poly(A) - poly(U)) which is also indicative of
      their uracil specificity. Anti-RNA antibodies found in systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE) are immunochemically different from those found in
      scleroderma in that, instead of being uniformly specific to uracil, they are
      markedly heterogeneous and may react with uracil, uridine and/or UMP. SLE sera
      frequently react with poly(A) - poly(U), indicating also their ability to
      recognize the double helical structure of double-stranded RNA. Thirty-seven
      scleroderma and thirty-four SLE sera from as many patients with either of these
      conditions were tested against HSA-coupled, uridine-containing monophosphoric
      dinucleotides in an attempt to characterize further their anti-RNA antibodies.
      Scleroderma sera were found to react primarily with dinucleotides in which
      uridine was the base proximal to the carrier protein and, except for sera that
      also contained antibodies to adenosine which reacted with UpA, they failed to
      react with dinucleotides in which uridine was in a terminal position only.
      Reaction with dinucleotides in which uridine was proximal to the carrier protein
      could be inhibited by uracil but not by the corresponding terminal base. Some
      lupus sera were found to react with both dinucleotides that contain the same
      bases in opposite sequence, e.g. ApU and UpA, while others were found to react
      with only one of the sequences. They were also found to react more frequently
      with dinucleotides in which HSA was coupled to a base other than uridine,
      suggesting that the reaction is primarily due to anti-DNA antibodies. Because
      immunization with dinucleotides coupled to protein prepared by the same method we
      have used, yields higher specificity to the base attached to the carrier protein,
      our findings suggest that, in scleroderma, a single event, akin to that of
      immunization with a purified antigen, gives rise to the anti-RNA antibodies,
      whereas in systemic lupus erythematosus there is a considerably wider
      immunological aberration.

PMID- 1082855
TI  - Differential concentration of surface sialic acid in human T & B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082856
TI  - Epidemiological survey of prevalence of trachoma among the school children in
      Haryana State.

PMID- 1082857
TI  - Lymphoblastic lymphoma of convoluted or acid phosphatase type-a tumor of T
      precursor cells.
AB  - Five lymphatic neoplasms with strong focal acid phosphatase reactivity were
      selected from a group of acute lymphocytic leukemias and lymphoblastic lymphomas.
      All five cases showed an anterior mediastinal mass and exhibited identical
      morphology. This type of lymphoma has been described by Lukes under the term
      "malignant lymphoma of convoluted lymphocytes". Analysis of surface membrane
      receptors revealed that the tumor cells lacked surface immunoglobulin and
      receptors for Fc-fragment, but possessed receptors for complement (C3), untreated
      SRBC (ES) and SRBC treated with neuraminidase (ESN). By applying a mixed rosette
      assay using nucleated chicken erythrocytes coated with antibodies and C3, and
      denucleated ESN, it was found that a considerable number of tumor cells in all
      five cases formed mixed rosettes, i.e. that they bore the C3 receptor
      characteristic of B cells and simultaneously the E receptor characteristic of T
      cells. Thus the tumor cells resembled immature thymocytes of 10-15 weeks'
      gestation, which also show focal acid phosphatase reactivity and simultaneous
      expression of C3 and E receptors.

PMID- 1082858
TI  - Effect of neurotone therapy during methadone detoxification.

PMID- 1082859
TI  - Immunologic aspects of leprosy as related to leucocytic isoantibodies and
      platelet aggregating factors.
AB  - The incidences of various iso- and autoantibodies in a random population of 112
      unselected leprosy patients is presented. Low titers of leucocytic isoantibodies
      and platelet aggregating factor were detected in the sera of a variable number of
      such patients. The leucoisoagglutinins were found in 8% of the sera of
      tuberculoid as well as lepromatous leprosy patients, whereas the
      leucoisocytotoxins were detected in a larger percentage of the lepromatous (40%)
      as well as tuberculoid (28%) cases. The platelet aggregating factors (PAF) were
      positive in 51.2% and 45% of lepromatous and tuberculoid cases respectively. Of
      the 21 positive sera for PAF, the antiplatelet factor by antihuman globulin
      consumption test could be demonstrated only in 66.6% and 50% of lepromatous and
      tuberculoid sera respectively. To study the frequencies of these newly detected
      antibodies or antibody-like factor and to compare their occurrences with other
      well-documented autoantibodies present in the sera of leprosy patients:
      cryoglobulins, antinucleoprotein antibody and thyroglobulin autoprecipitin were
      also studied in the sera of the same population of leprosy patients. It has been
      observed that the simultaneous occurrence of all these auto- and isoantibodies in
      the serum of one patient is a rare phenomenon. Leucocytic and platelet counts of
      these patients having antibodies against leucocytes and platelets were found to
      be within normal limits. Accordingly, it is suggested that the low levels of
      antileucocyte antibody and antiplatelet factor are probably harmless to the
      hosts. On the other hand, it is postulated that these antibodies may act as
      enhancing factors by being specifically adsorbed on the lymphoid cells, thus
      rendering them unresponsive to mitogenic stimulus in vitro. From these studies it
      seems that leprosy, especially the lepromatous type, is associated with some of
      the serological features suggestive of an autoimmune aberration.

PMID- 1082860
TI  - The effect of immunosuppression on secondary Echinococcus multilocularis
      infections in mice.

PMID- 1082861
TI  - Electron transfer oxidation of DNA radicals by paranitroacetophenone.
AB  - The reaction of a typical electron-affinic sensitizer, paranitroacetophenone
      (PNAP) with the model compounds thymine, thymidine, thymidylic acid, deoxyribose
      and single and double-stranded DNA has been investigated by pulse radiolysis.
      Radicals formed by one-electron reduction of the bases and of DNA react rapidly
      and efficiently with PNAP by electron transfer. A small yield of transfer (less
      than 10 per cent) is also observed arising from oxidation of the radicals formed
      by the small proportion of OH which react at the sugar moieties in DNA. In
      contrast, electron transfer oxidation by PNAP of radicals formed by the addition
      of OH to the base moieties, e.g. thymine, is not an efficient process. Further,
      addition of the sensitizer to the thymine OH-adduct proceeds at a rate that is
      too low to measure by pulse radiolysis. We conclude that, since the major sites
      of OH reaction with DNA are the heterocyclic bases (greater than 80 per cent),
      oxidation of the resultant radicals is unlikely to be a major step in the
      mechanism of sensitization by this typical hypoxic-cell sensitizer.

PMID- 1082862
TI  - Determination of the number of photoreactivating enzyme molecules per haploid
      Saccharomyces cells.
AB  - Two haploid radiation-sensitive mutants of Saccharomyces were studied to
      investigate the formation of complex between photoreactivating-enzyme and
      substrate after ultra-violet irradiation. Using photo-flashes, the time necessary
      for maximum complex formation has been determined. Within 1 min, 70 per cent of
      the complexes have been formed. To determine the number of photoreactivating
      enzyme molecules per cell, the maximum dose decrement obtained after one photo
      flash was determined and corrected for the effects of non-photoreactivable
      lesions. The corrected maximum dose decrement was found to be identical for both
      strains (8-5 erg mm-2). The number of photoreactivating-enzyme molecules involved
      in the photorepair of nuclear DNA damage was calculated as 272 +/- 27.

PMID- 1082863
TI  - An elusive factor affecting mutation frequency in Tradescantia stamen hairs: its
      influence on r.b.e.
AB  - A comparison of data from several experiments designed to determine either
      relative biological effectiveness (r.b.e.) or oxygen-enhancement ratios (o.e.r.)
      as a function of neutron energy revealed a puzzling variability in mutational
      response for pink mutations in Tradescantia stamen hairs. For some reason that we
      cannot determine, when the exposure fixtures and accompanying experimental
      procedures were changed as necessitated by the two studies, the expected mutation
      frequencies changed for X-rays and for four neutron energies. The other four
      neutron energies gave the expected results. As a consequence of these changes in
      mutation frequencies, the magnitude of r.b.e. values changed as well as the
      relationship of r.b.e. to neutron energy. Consequently, when r.b.e. values were
      determined using a closed but aerated exposure fixture instead of exposures made
      in free air, the resulting r.b.e. versus neutron-energy curve more closely
      paralleled that found by others for the inhibiton of root growth in Vicia faba.

PMID- 1082864
TI  - The repair, protection and sensitization of papain with respect to inactivation
      by H2O2 and OH: effects of dithiothreitol, penicillamine, cystine and
      penicillamine disulphide.
AB  - While dithiothreitol repairs the peroxide-produced sulphenic acid derivative of
      papain in a fast reaction involving only one dithiothreitol molecule,
      penicillamine reacts with it to form papainCys25SSPen. Disulphide is also formed
      in the absence of peroxide (see article) by reactions of papainCys25S- AND PenS-
      radicals derived from -OH reactions in penicillamine-papain mixtures. A similar
      formation of papainCys25SSCys occurs in mixtures of cysteine and papain. However,
      unlike papainCys25SSCys, papainCys25SSPen cannot easily be restored to the active
      form of papain by the exchange reaction with CysSH, and this may have
      significance for an understanding of the sensitizing action of penicillamine
      observed in some in vivo systems. Under the action of OH radicals dithiothreitol
      has less of a tendency to form mixed disulphides and is more effective in
      repairing papain-OH intermediates than either cysteine or penicillamine. Due to
      secondary reactions of RSOH and other oxidized species the disulphides of
      cysteine and penicillamine are less effective than the sulphydryls in protecting
      papain against inactivation by -OH.

PMID- 1082865
TI  - Structural damage of gamma-irradiated ribonuclease revealed by thin-layer
      isoelectric focusing.
AB  - Ribonuclease, irradiated with 60Co gamma-rays in dilute aqueous solution or in
      the dry state, has been investigated with respect to its charge and size
      properties. Thin-layer isoelectric focusing revealed extensive change in
      irradiated RNase; new enzymatically-active components, mainly with isoelectric
      points lower than in unirradiated RNase were observed. Thin-layer gel
      chromatography indicated the formation of aggregates which are partially active
      enzymatically. Aggreation depended on enzyme concentration and was less in more
      dilute solutions-- at equal degrees of inactivation. Structural damage in the so
      called 'native' monomers was revealed by thin-layer isoelectric focusing, their
      charge properties being distinctly modified.

PMID- 1082866
TI  - Letter: Protonation of the radical-anions of nitro-imidazole radiosensitizers and
      the formation of radical-adducts.

PMID- 1082867
TI  - Guidelines for massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1082868
TI  - Acute fatty metamorphosis of the liver in pregnancy.

PMID- 1082869
TI  - Differentiation of migration of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082870
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of mitogen-transformed human lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082871
TI  - Proceedings: Comparison of the immune response potential to T-dependent and T
      independent synthetic polypeptides in newborn mice.

PMID- 1082872
TI  - Proceedings: Mouse immune response to trinitrophenylated red cells.

PMID- 1082873
TI  - Proceedings: Surface immunoglobulin of mouse thymus cells: antibody-induced
      changes in its biosynthesis and release.

PMID- 1082874
TI  - Proceedings: Dissociation between subsets of murine T lymphocytes during
      ontogenesis and recovery from irradiation.

PMID- 1082875
TI  - Proceedings: Increased mitogenic reactivity of lymphoid cells to T lectins
      induced by thymus humoral factor.

PMID- 1082876
TI  - Proceedings: T and B blocking factors in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1082877
TI  - Proceedings: Preferential increase in lymphocytes with "B" properties in lymph
      nodes draining sites of adjuvant injection.

PMID- 1082878
TI  - Proceedings: Relation of antigen-binding cells to immunologic memory.

PMID- 1082879
TI  - Proceedings: Evidence for cooperation of T and B cells in fish.

PMID- 1082880
TI  - Proceedings: Specificity and characterization of T cell cooperative factors
      involved in the response to synthetic poplypeptides.

PMID- 1082881
TI  - Proceedings: Studies on suppressor T cells in immune tolerance.

PMID- 1082882
TI  - Proceedings: Migration of in vitro sensitized initiator T lymphocytes in
      recruitment.

PMID- 1082883
TI  - Proceedings: Infantile partial thymic deficiency: correction of some in vitro T
      functions by thymus humoral factor.

PMID- 1082884
TI  - Proceedings: Relationship between T rosette-forming cells and cellular immunity
      in various human diseases.

PMID- 1082885
TI  - Proceedings: The lymphocyte revolution.

PMID- 1082886
TI  - Extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid in wild-type and photosynthetically
      incompetent strains of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides.
AB  - Three covalently closed circular species of extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic
      acid have been identified by electron microscopic analysis in strains of
      Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. The weights of these plasmids, as determined from
      contour length, are about 75 X 10(6), 66 X 10(6), and 28 X 10(6) daltons for both
      aerobically grown and photosynthetically grown R. spheroides strain 2.4.1 (NRS)
      and for the photosynthetically incompetent strain V-2 (obtained by N-methyl-N
      nitro-N'nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis) and 74 X 10(6), 66 X 10(6) and 34 X 10(6)
      daltons for a second photosynthetically incompetent strain, SLS I (obtained by
      incubating strain 2.4.1 [NRS] in medium containing sodium lauryl sulfate).
      Buoyant densities uere found to be 1.717 g/cm3 (58% guanine plus cytosine) for
      the plasmids of 66 X 10(6), 28 X 10(6), and 34 X 10(6) daltons in weight and
      1.724 g/cm3 (65% guanine plus cytosine) for those weighing about 75 X 10(6)
      daltons. Possible functions of these plasmids are discussed.

PMID- 1082887
TI  - Exodus of 42K+ and 86Rb+ from rat thymic and human blood lymphocytes exposed to
      phytohemagglutinin.
AB  - We have found that PHA produces an alteration in the lymphocyte membrane which
      allows 86Rb+ or 42K+ in prelabeled lymphocytes to exchange for cations present in
      washing solutions. These observations suggested that PHA might induce an increase
      in the exodus of intracellular potassium during incubation in physiologic media.
      We, therefore, examined 86Rb+ and 42K+ efflux from rat and human lymphocytes
      during incubation in tissue culture medium. The rate constant for efflux, Ke, was
      significantly increased by PHA. 86Rb+ efflux was increased by 27% in rat thymic
      lymphocytes and by 78% in human blood lymphocytes following PHA treatment.

PMID- 1082888
TI  - Suppressor thymus-derived lymphocytes in fungal infection.
AB  - Thymus-derived lymphocyte (T-cell) function, as determined in vivo by cutaneous
      reactivity to several antigens and in vitro by responsiveness to mitogens and
      antigens, was assessed in 14 patients infected with a variety of fungal
      organisms. While all patients manifested a normal frequency of peripheral blood T
      cells, only seven patients reacted to at least one of the antigens used for
      cutaneous testing and demonstrated normal in vitro T proliferative responses.
      Three patients exhibited cutaneous anergy but normal in vitro T-cell reactivity
      while four patients demonstrated persistent anergy and marked in vitro T-cell
      hyporeactivity which was independent of activity of infection, concurrent
      medication, or any associated disorders. The marked diminution of in vitro T-cell
      reactivity noted for these later four patients was not due to a deletion of
      antigen- or mitogen-reactive cells. Thus, patients' cells which had been
      initially cultured for 7 days without any mitogenic or antigenic stimulus and
      which were subsequently washed and recultured with phytohemagglutinin,
      concanavalin A, or histoplasmin demonstrated a marked increase in their
      responsiveness. Moreover, this reactivity noted for recultured cells could be
      suppressed by a nonphagocytic, nonadherent, nonimmunoglobulin-bearing, sheep red
      blood cell rosette-forming population of cells isolated from the fresh peripheral
      blood mononuclear cells of the same patient. While these "regulator" T cells were
      capable of suppressing T-proliferative responses to antigens and mitogens, they
      did not diminish pokeweed mitogen-induced immunoglobulin synthesis by normal bone
      marrow-derived lymphocytes. Patients in whom suppressor "T" cells were found were
      at risk for relapsing, disseminated fungal infection.

PMID- 1082889
TI  - Role of mercaptoethanol and endotoxin in stimulating B lymphocyte colony
      formation in vitro.
AB  - Mercaptoethanol is necessary to permit B lymphocyte colony formation in semi
      solid agar cultures of cells from normal mouse lymphoid organs. Transfer studies
      on developing colonies showed that, in part, this was a direct action on B
      lymphocyte colony cells but evidence was produced that in the presence of
      mercaptoethanol lymphoid organ cells release a factor promoting colony growth.
      Endotoxin strongly potentiated B lymphocyte colony formation in vitro by a direct
      action on colony cells but in the absence of mercaptoethanol did not allow cell
      survival or proliferation.

PMID- 1082890
TI  - Separation of lymphocyte mitogen from lymphotoxin and experiments on the
      production of lymphotoxin by lymphoid cells stimulated with the partially
      purified mitogen: a possible amplification mechanism of cellular immunity and
      allergy.
AB  - A mitogenic factor (MF) from guinea pig lymph node cells (LNC), which was
      produced by stimulating immune LNC with the specific antigen, ovalbumin, was
      partially purified by the sequential use of Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. CM
      cellulose ion exchange chromatography, DEAE-cellulose ion exchange
      chromatography, and polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The product was
      purified at least 100-fold with regard to protein content. In addition, the
      purified MF was functionally pure with respect to the absence fo lymphotoxin
      (LT), another guinea pig lymphokine.

PMID- 1082891
TI  - Thymus-derived peripheral lymphocytes from human newborns inhibit division of
      their mothers' lymphocytes.
AB  - Lymphocytes from human newborns inhibit division of their mothers' lymphocytes.
      Three days after we cultured equal numbers of cells from a mother and her baby in
      the presence of PHA, mitosis of the mother's lymphocytes was suppressed 13-fold
      compared to that of the baby's lymphocytes. At the end of 3 days the number of
      baby's lymphocytes were doubled those of the mother's. The survival rates and
      mean mitotic indexes of both pairs of cell were roughly equivalent (mean +/- S.E:
      baby 2.4 +/- 0.8; mother 2.6 +/- 0.7), indicating that the lack of dividing
      lymphocytes from the mother was caused by inhibited division of the mother's
      lymphocytes, no enhanced growth of the newborn's cells. The cell population in
      newborns that is responsible for the inhibition effect resides in the T cell
      enriched population. Lymphocytes from one newborn were not able to inhibit
      division of lymphocytes from another newborn, suggesting that lymphocytes from
      newborns could continue to divide despite their inhibitory effect. Other
      experiments showed that actively dividing fetal fibroblasts, amnion cells from
      the newborn, and continuous T lymphoblastoid cell lines were unable to inhibit
      mitosis of lymphocytes of the mother.

PMID- 1082892
TI  - Adjuvant regulation of T cell function.
AB  - The effect of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) on distinct T cell functions was
      investigated. Adjuvant was found to suppress the generation of cytolytic T cells
      in vivo when mixed with allogeneic P815 cells before immunization of C57BL/6
      mice. Inoculation of the mice with either adjuvant or adjuvant emulsified with
      allogeneic cells resulted in whole splenic populations or immunoabsorbent
      purified T cells that did not generate cytolytic activity in vitro against
      allogeneic cells. Mixing T cells from normal and adjuvant-treated mice before in
      vitro sensitization resulted in suppression of lytic activity. However, memory T
      cells were not subject to the same suppressive regulation as were precytotoxic T
      cells since adjuvant had no effect on subsequent boosting of memory.

PMID- 1082893
TI  - Cellular immunity in pyelonephritis: identification of suppressor cell activity
      of spleen cells in response to concanavalin A and inhibition of lymphocyte
      mediated L cell cytotoxicity.
AB  - A population of fast sedimenting spleen cells was identified as the cause of
      impaired in vitro response of spleen cells to concanavalin A (Con A) in acute
      pyelonephritis in rats. These fast-sedimenting cells responded to Con A by
      suppressing the DNA synthetic response of normal spleen cells to Con A. In
      addition, spleen cells from acute pyelonephritis rats were significantly less
      able to mediate in vitro cell destruction in xenogeneic aggressor lymphocyte:
      target L cell mixtures. On the basis of these findings, the hypothesis is
      proposed that a suppressor cell can protect the pyelonephritic kidney against
      immunologically mediated tissue damage.

PMID- 1082894
TI  - Regualtion of the immune response to tumor antigens. I. Immunosuppressor cells in
      tumor-bearing hosts.
AB  - A/Jax mice were rendered immune to the syngeneic and transplantable
      methylcholanthrene-induced Sarcoma 1509a by the surgical removal of the tumor 7
      days after implantation; subsequent injection i.v. transfer of 10(7) to 10(8)
      washed thymus or spleen cells of tumor-bearing animals (TBA) to immune animals
      significantly inhibited the rejection of the tumor; this suppressive effect was
      entirely abolished by the treatment of these lymphocytes with anti-theta serum or
      anti-thymocyte serum (ATS) and complement before adoptive transfer. On the other
      hand, an equal number of thymus or spleen cells of normal animals or of animals
      bearing an unrelated tumor had no suppressive effect. Treatment of normal
      syngeneic animals with ATS after tumor cell inoculation or splenectomy of TBA
      resulted in the suppression of the tumor growth. The serum of TBA had no effect
      on tumor growth in immune syngeneic mice. Together these results suggest that TBA
      possess immunosuppressor T cells regulating negatively their immune response to
      the tumor.

PMID- 1082895
TI  - Cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes. VI. Heterogeneity of cytotoxins in
      supernatants of mitogen-activated lymphocytes.
AB  - Two different lymphotoxins synthesized by human blood lymphocytes stimulated with
      phytohemagglutin (PHA) are described. The two toxins are called alpha-LT and beta
      LT relative to their elution order on gel chromatography. Their m.w. are 75,000
      and 45,000 daltons, respectively. Both toxins appear as early as 7 hr after the
      addition of PHA, with the amount of beta-toxin exceeding that of alpha-LT
      initially. Both toxins are differentiated from a third toxin (adherent cell
      toxin, ACT) made by plastic-adherent cells without requiring mitogen-stimulation.
      Depletion of macrophages or B cells does not affect the synthesis of either
      lymphotoxin. Monospecific antisera were elicited to alpha-LT. Antisera elicited
      to beta-LT also neutralized alpha-LT but to a significantly lesser degree. Alpha
      LT appears to be the lymphotoxin described by most other workers. Beta-LT is
      unstable at 37 degrees C which may explain why the low m.w. lymphotoxin has not
      been described previously.

PMID- 1082896
TI  - Factors influencing the isolation of membrane immunoglobulins from T and B
      lymphocytes. 1. Detergent effects and iodination conditions.
AB  - The optimal conditions for the extraction and isolation of immunoglobulins from
      the cell membrane (M-Ig) of T and B lymphocytes radioiodinated with
      lactoperoxidase were studied. A combination of 10M-urea, 1.5 M acetic acid and
      the non-ionic detergents Triton X-100 or Nonidet P-40 (NP-40) was found to
      overcome the tendency for membrane proteins to precipitate after extraction in
      urea-acetic acid alone. However, detection of T cell Ig was more dependent on
      detergent concentration than B cell M-Ig. Less T cell Ig was detected when the
      detergent concentration was increased from 0.1% to 1.0%, whereas the amount of B
      cell M-Ig was not affected by higher detergent concentrations.

PMID- 1082897
TI  - Phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferation of guinea pig thymus-derived
      lymphocytes. I. Accessory cell dependence.
AB  - The accessory cell requirement for mitogen-induced T lymphocyte proliferation has
      been investigated by using a population of guinea pig lymph node lymphocytes
      enriched in T cells and markedly depleted of macrophages and B lymphocytes. We
      have found that effective phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferation of T cells is
      dependent on the participation of accessory cells. Augmentation of PHA
      responsiveness was noted when cultural conditions were manipulated to increase
      cell density, suggesting that physical proximity between T cell and accessory
      cell is required for efficient triggering. Both syngeneic and allogeneic
      macrophages, as well as syngeneic fibroblasts, serve as accessory cells in this
      response whereas polymorphonuclear leukocytes or thymocytes do not. Thus,
      although PHA-induced T lymphocyte proliferation requires accessory cells, the
      specificity of these cells is strikingly less stringent than for antigen-mediated
      triggering of immune guinea pig T cells, a response which is dependent upon
      participation of syngeneic macrophages.

PMID- 1082898
TI  - Phytohemagglutinin-induced proliferation of guinea pig thymus-derived
      lymphocytes. II. Accessory cell function.
AB  - Accessory cell participation in PHA-induced thymus-derived lymphocyte DNA
      synthesis encompasses two distinct functions. The first consists of maintenance
      of the functional integrity of resting lymphocytes, and the second involves the
      direct induction and/or support of T cell proliferation in response to this
      mitogen. Whereas the reducing agent 2-mercaptoethanol can support an Mphi
      depleted population of resting lymphocytes so that the latent biologic activity
      is maintained, it is not itself sufficient to allow the induction of lymphocyte
      proliferation in response to PHA. This latter function requires intact accessory
      cells.

PMID- 1082899
TI  - Production of goat, rat, and guinea pig antisera to murine IgE.

PMID- 1082900
TI  - Characterization of a subpopulation of human T lymphocytes reactive with an
      heteroantiserum to human brain.
AB  - A rabbit antiserum to human fetal brain reacted after suitable absorptions with a
      subpopulation of human normal T cells. The distribution of reactive T cells
      varied according to the organ tested: 23% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, 5% of
      tonsil lymphocytes, and less than 1% of thymocytes were positive. Reactive cells
      did not transform after phytohemagglutinin or pokeweed stimulation but were at
      least weakly stimulated by allogeneic cells. T-derived neoplastic cells from one
      case of T acute lymphoblastic leukemia, two patients with Sezary syndrome, and
      from three out of five cases of T chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL) yielded
      negative results. In contrast, all the leukemic cells from two other patients
      with T-derived CLL were positive suggesting a proliferation of homogeneous cells
      arising from only a subpopulation of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082901
TI  - Specific antigen-binding and antibody-secreting lymphocytes associated with the
      erythrocyte autoantibody responses of NZB and genetically unrelated mice.
AB  - The receptor characteristics as well as incidence of antigen-binding lymphocytes
      (ABL) or B and T cell classes with membrane receptors specific for the exposed
      (X) and cryptic (HB) murine erythrocyte autoantigens were examined in NZB and
      nine control strains of mice. Whereas only NZB and NZB hybrid mice synthesize
      anti-X autoantibody pathogenetically implicated in the genetically determined
      autoimmune hemolytic anemia, the NZB as well as control strains synthesize the
      ubiquitous anti-HB anti-erythrocyte autoantibody. By utilizing
      immunocytoadherence assays, maximum numbers of specific ABL of both B and T
      lymphocyte classes were optimally demonstrated at erythrocyte:lymphocyte ratios
      of 20:1 and after lymphocyte fixation at 56 degrees C for 20 min. Surface
      membrane receptor specificity was established by inhibition with semi-purified
      soluble X or HB autoantigen. Inhibition of immunocyto-adherence with class
      specific antisera to mouse immuno-globulins demonstrated that the receptors on
      both B and T cells were of IgM class. Specific receptors regenerated in vitro
      after trypsinization which excluded the role of cytophilic antibody in the
      immunocytoadherence reactions. B lymphocyte ABL reactive with the X autoantigen
      were demonstrable in NZB, NZB hybrid, and control mice. Only in NZB and NZB
      hybrid mice, strains that uniformly synthesize anti-X autoantibody, were X ABL of
      T lymphocyte class demonstrated. The presence and incidence of T lymphocyte X ABL
      is compatible with the expression of a single dominant gene carried by the NAB
      strain. The incidence of B lymphocyte X ABL increased with age, suggesting
      proliferation of this cell population. HB ABL of both B and T lymphocyte classes
      were observed in all strains, concordant with the ubiquitous presence of humoral
      anti-HB autoantibodies. Differentiation of precursor B cells are evaluated by PFC
      assay of cells secreting specific autoantibodies. Anti-X PFC were observed only
      in NZB and NZB hybrid mice; and the observed frequency suggested that less than
      3.5% of the specific ABL were differentiated for the secretion of anti-X
      autoantibody. Anti-HB PFC were observed in all strains and represented as high as
      11.8% of specific ABL. Genetic determination of the anti-X anti-erythrocyte
      autoantibody response does not prescribe the presence of precursors of the
      antibody-forming cell, but rather appears to influence regulation of the
      differentiation of these cells. These data suggest that circumvention of
      immunologic tolerance to this specific erythrocyte autoantigen may occur at the
      level of the T lymphocyte; or alternatively, that T lymphocytes as well as B
      lymphocytes, are induced to proliferate and differentiate in the NZB strain.

PMID- 1082902
TI  - Sensitization of T lymphocytes in vitro by syngeneic macrophages fed with tumor
      antigens.
AB  - We investigated the interaction between T lymphocytes and macrophages in the
      vitro sensitization of lymphocytes against tumor cells. Spleen cells were
      sensitized in vitro by syngeneic peritoneal macrophages that had been fed with
      cell-free antigen preparation of syngeneic tumor cells. The sensitized T
      lymphocytes acquired specific cytotoxic cells. The sensitized T lymphocytes
      acquired specific cytotoxic activity in vitro and the capacity to inhingeneic
      fibroblasts, or the antigen preparation by itself were not able to sensitize the
      lymphocytes against the tumor.

PMID- 1082903
TI  - Hereditary C2 deficiency: diagnosis and HLA gene complex associations.
AB  - Nine families with genetically controlled C2 deficiency have been described where
      the propositii and family members are heterozygous C2 deficient. The diagnosis of
      hereditary C2 heterozygous deficiency was suspected on the basis of analysis for
      CH50, C2 protein, and C2 function, and then confirmed by family studies. Analysis
      of HLA antigens in these families supported the close association of C2 defiency
      and HLA-A10 and/or B18, particularly the latter. Analysis by MLC studies revealed
      recombination in one family between the HLA and B and D loci and in another
      family probable recombination between the D and C2 complement loci. Therefore,
      the order of the loci on the sixth chromosome is likely to be C2 complement, HLA
      D, HLA-B, HLA-A.

PMID- 1082904
TI  - Eosinophils and immune mechanisms. III. Production of the lymphokine eosinophil
      stimulation promoter by mouse T lymphocytes.
AB  - The lymphoid cell population responsible for production of eosinophil stimulation
      promoter (ESP), a lymphokine which increases migration of eosinophils, was
      investigated in murine Schistosoma mansoni infection. Con A challenge induced ESP
      production, whereas LPS did not. Prior treatment with anti-thetaC3H alloantiserum
      plus complement in vitro eliminated ESP production; in vivo treatment with rabbit
      anti-mouse thymocyte serum consistently reduced ESP production by splenic
      lymphoid cells, but affected lymph node cell ESP production only after
      exceptionally large doses. Thymocytes did not produce significant amounts of ESP;
      nor did lymphoid cells from congenitally athymic mice. Depletion of B lymphocytes
      and macrophages by nylon fiber adherence eliminated antigen-induced ESP
      production; this was partially restored by addition of non-immune, 72-hr
      peritoneal exudate cells. Con A-induced ESP production was not affected by nylon
      fiber treatment. These results demonstrate that ESP is  produced by an ATS
      sensitive, peripheralized T lymphocyte population, and suggest a macrophage
      requirement for antigen-induced production of this lymphokine.

PMID- 1082905
TI  - Replication of measles virus in continuous lymphoid cell lines.
AB  - The replication of measles virus was studied in a T cell-like line, MOLT-4, and a
      B cell-like line, Raji. Both cell lines supported measles virus replication. The
      infected lymphoid cells were assayed for infectious virus and expression of
      measles antigens at timed intervals up to 84 hr after inoculation. At time 0,
      after a 2-hr adsorption period at 4 degrees C, both cell lines produced a maximum
      of 3% infectious centers and up to 22% antigen-positive cells. Eventually all
      cells in both populations became infected during the experimental period. When
      Raji and MOLT-4 cells were infected under similar conditions 100% infection of
      cells was achieved 12 hr earlier in Raji than in MOLT-4. Increasing multiplicity
      of infection (MOI) from 1 to 10 made no significant change in the number of
      infected cells during the early part of the cycle. Spread of virus was largely
      due to released virus and not cell to cell transmission. Since only a small
      proportion of the population absorbed the virus at any one time, and eventually
      all cells were infected, it was concluded that the receptors for measles virus
      were expressed at some phase of the cell cycle.

PMID- 1082906
TI  - The active E rosette test: correlation with delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity.
AB  - An active subpopulation of peripheral blood T lymphocytes, characterized by rapid
      (5-min) rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes (A-RFC), was measured in normal
      individuals after they were skin tested with microbial antigens. A significant
      rise in A-RFC occurred in all individuals who developed positive delayed
      cutaneous hypersensitivity (DCH) reactions, whereas skin test nonresponders
      showed no significant rise in A-RFC. No similar consistent changes occurred in
      populations of total T cells, characterized by longer (60-min) rosette formation
      with sheep erythrocytes, or in B cells, measured by immunofluorescence of surface
      immunoglobulin. The A-RFC response paralleled the DCH response in timing, but not
      in intensity. These results provide in vivo evidence for a biologically distinct
      T cell subpopulation, and focus attention on the A-RFC as immunologically active
      cells.

PMID- 1082907
TI  - Regulatory substances produced by lymphocytes. III. Evidence that lymphotoxin and
      proliferation inhibitory factor are identical and different from the inhibitor of
      DNA synthesis.
AB  - L cell mutant lines which were considerably more resistant to rat lymphotoxin
      (LT) than the original cell line were obtained by periodic additions of LT,
      partially purified from sensitized lymph node cell culture supernatants by DEAE
      cellulose chromatography and Sephadex gel filtration. Addition of actinomycin D
      to cultures of these mutant cells abrogated resistance to LT, suqgesting that
      resistance was not due to a loss of LT receptors but probably to increased
      activity of a repair mechanisms. These mutant lines were also more resistant to
      the proliferation inhibitory effect of LT in low concentration and to that of
      diluted culture supernatants of lymph node cells stimulated with antigen
      (ovalbumin) than the original cell line, but they remained as sensitive to
      inhibitor of DNA synthesis (IDS) as the original line. The mutant lines also
      remained fully sensitive to both complement-dependent lysis by antibody and
      antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, but showed increased resistance to the
      killing effect of rat lymph node cells sensitized with orginal L cells in vivo.
      These findings suggest that the lymphotoxic substance partially purified and
      characterized in this and in the previous paper may be an important mediator of T
      cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1082908
TI  - Characterization of T and B antigen-binding cells for beta-galactosidase. II. T
      antigen-binding cells.
AB  - The results reported in this paper suggest that the specific Z-binding cells of
      the normal mouse include a large portion of T lymphocytes. Depletion of T cells
      with anti-theta serum and cortisone indicates that the majority of the ZBC of the
      thymus, which occur at frequencies of about 150/10(6), are indeed T cells.
      Similar treatment of spleen cells suggests that approximately half the binding
      cells in that organ are contributed by the T lymphocyte population. T-and B
      enriched populations obtained from the spleen by using differential adherence to
      nylon wool contained equal numbers of ZBC and bound equivalent amounts of the
      antigen. Hence, there appears to be a high frequency of T lymphocytes that can be
      shown to bind beta-galactosidase specifically in both the thymus and spleen of
      normal mice.

PMID- 1082910
TI  - Partial purification of lymphokine activities by iso-electric focusing.
AB  - A continuous cell-line has been shown to be adaptable to preparation of
      supernatants containing lymphokine activities. Separation and partial
      purification of migration inhibiting, colony stimulating and interferon
      activities from such preparations has been achieved by the use of density
      gradient iso-electric focusing.

PMID- 1082909
TI  - Immune mechanisms in leukemia: protective capacity of the major lymphoid cell
      compartments.
AB  - The capacity of immune spleen, lymph node, peritoneal, bone marrow, and thymic
      cells to protect C58/wm mice from syngeneic transplanted line Ib leukemia was
      quantified. Cells harvested 14 to 15 days after primary immunization were used
      for adoptive protection tests. Regression curves were computer analyzed and
      log10, PD50 values compared. For immune spleen, lymph node, peritoneal, bone
      marrow, and thymic cells the PD50 values were 4.53, 5.92, 4.88, 5.51, and 5.59,
      respectively. When immune spleen cells were treated with anti-Thy 1.2 serum the
      PD50 value was increased from 4.73 to 6.09, i.e., protection was reduced greater
      than or equal to 95%. Similar treatment of immune thymic cells reduced protection
      below measureable values. Anti-B cell sera (anti-IgM and anti-Ly 4.2) did not
      reduce the protective effect of immune spleen or marrow cells. These results
      indicate that a major protective cell population in each of these compartments
      was theta-positive. Experiments were carried out to characterize the cortisone
      (CS) and x-ray sensitivity of immune spleen, thymic, and marrow cells . When
      donor mice were treated with 12.5 mg of cortisone acetate/day for 2 days before
      lymphoid cells were harvested, the orotective effects of immune spleen cells, but
      not immune thymic or marrow cells, was reduced. When immune spleen cells were x
      irrated in vitro, their protective effect was reduced by 350 R and abolished by
      1000 R. When mice received whole boyd x-irradiation 24 hr before immune spleen
      cells were transferred their protective effect was reduced by 1000 R but only
      slightly lowered by 350 R. The possible significance of the multicompartmental
      nature of immunity to leukemia was discussed.

PMID- 1082911
TI  - Immunology of DNA. II. The effect of size and structure of the antigen on the
      Farr assay.
AB  - The Farr assay for the detecton of antibodies to double stranded (ds) DNA is
      influenced by the DNA preparations used as antigen. To elucidate this the
      molecular weight of the antigen preparation, contamination with proteins and
      presence or absence of single stranded (ss) regions were studied with the
      following conclusions: 1) The degree of DNA binding by antibodies is linearly
      dependent on the molecular weight of the DNA, provided that this does not exceed
      10 X 10(6). 2) Deproteinization of E. coli DNA by chromatography on methylated
      albumin-kieselguhr(MAK) columns results in lower binding by most sera. 3) ds DNA
      preparations sometimes contain ss regions which bind antibodies to ss DNA. The
      difference in behaviour of different ds DNA preparations may be ascribed entirely
      to these factors and not to differences in antigenic determinants. We have
      standardized the Farr assay and enhanced its specificity by the use of circular
      DNA isolated from bacteriophage PM2.

PMID- 1082912
TI  - [Surgical treatment of atresia of the left coronary artery ostium].

PMID- 1082913
TI  - Surgical treatment of vertigo.

PMID- 1082914
TI  - Mechanisms of genetic resistance to Friend virus leukemia. III. Susceptibility of
      mitogen-responsive lymphocytes mediated by T cells.
AB  - Friend leukemia virus (FV) suppressed the proliferative responses of spleen,
      lymph node, marrow, and thymus cell populations to various T- and B-cell
      mitogens. Cells taken from mice, e.g. BALB/c genetically susceptible to
      leukemogenesis in vivo were much more susceptible to suppression of mitogenesis
      in vitro than similar cells from genetically resistant mice, e.g., C57BL/6. Nylon
      wool-purified splenic T cells from BALB/c and C3H mice lost susceptibility to FV
      induced suppression of mitogenesis but became suppressible by addition of 10%
      unfiltered spleen cell. Thus, FV mediates in vitro suppression of lymphocyte
      proliferation indirectly by "activating" a suppressor cell. The suppressor cell
      adhered to nylon wool but not to glass wool or rayon wool columns. Pretreatment
      of spleen cells with carbonyl iron and a magnet did not abrogate the suppressor
      cell function. Suppressor cells were not eliminated by treatment with rabbit
      antimouse immunoglobulin (7S) and complement (C). However, high concentrations of
      anti-Thy-1 plus C destroyed suppressor cells of the spleen; thymic suppressor
      cells were much more susceptible to anti-Thy-1 serum. Nude athymic mice were
      devoid of suppressor cells and their B-cell proliferation was relatively
      resistant to FV-induced suppression in vitro. The suppressor cells in the thymus
      (but not in the spleen) were eliminated by treatment of mice with cortisol. Thus,
      FV appears to mediate its suppressive effect on mitogen-responsive lymphocytes by
      affecting "T-suppressor cells." Spleen cells from C57BL/6 mice treated with 89Sr
      to destroy marrow-dependent (M) cells were much more suppressible by FV in virto
      than normal C57BL/6 spleen cells. However, nylon-filtered spleen cells of 89Sr
      treated C57BL/6 mice were resistant to FV-induced suppression in vitro,
      indicating that the susceptibility of spleen cells from 89Sr-treated B6 mice is
      also mediated by suppressor cells. Normal B6 splenic T cells were rendered
      susceptible to FV-induced suppression of mitogenesis by addition of 10% spleen
      cells from 89Sr-treated B6 mice. Thus, M cells appear to regulate the numbers
      and/or functions of T-suppressor cells which in turn mediate the
      immunosuppressive effects of FV in vitro. Neither mitogen-responsive lymphocytes
      nor T-suppressor cells are genetically resistant or susceptible to FV. The
      genetic resistance to FV is apparently a function of M cells, both in vitro as
      well as in vivo.

PMID- 1082915
TI  - Killer cells: a functional comparison between natural, immune T-cell and antibody
      dependent in vitro systems.
AB  - Previous reports have shown that spleen cells from nonimmune adult mice of
      certain strains do regularly kill Moloney leukemia virus-induced lymphomas in
      short-term 51Cr release assays. This naturally occuring killer (NK) cell had low
      adherent properties and had the morphological appearance of a lymphocyte. Still
      it lacked surface characteristics of mature T or B lymphocytes. In the present
      report a functional study was carried out, comparing in parallel the NK system,
      the T-cell killing across an H-2 barrier (anti-P815), and the antibody-dependent
      cell-mediated chicken red blood cell (CRBC) system. In contrast to the effector
      cells in the CRBC system, the NK cells were insensitive to erythrocyte antibody
      complement (EAC) rosette depletion and would pass through nylon wool columns. NK
      activity was not inhibited by the presence of heat-aggregated human or mouse
      gamma globulin, in contrast to the strong inhibition noted in the CRBC system.
      Sensitivity to trypsin pretreatment was noted in the NK system as well as in the
      immune P815 system, whereas the CRBC system was relatively trypsin resistant.
      Antitheta plus complement eliminated the anti-P815 activity, but did not touch
      the NK activity. The present results thus further distinguish the NK cell from
      cytotoxic T lymphocytes or from antibody-dependent killer cells.

PMID- 1082916
TI  - The effect of anti-mu suppression of gammaM and gammaG on the production of
      gammaE.
AB  - Newbonr mice were treated from the day of birth with either bovine gamma globulin
      or anti-mu chain sera. The latter was administered using a protocol known to
      produce suppression of gammaM, gammaG, and gammaA production. Subsequent
      immunization with ovalbumin (OA) in alum was attempted to see if suppression of
      gammaM, gammaG, and gammaA classes of antibody would also be accompanied by
      suppression of gammaE-producing capacity. gammaG and gammaM antibody to OA and
      mercaptoethanol-resistant (gammaG) antibody to OA were measured by passive
      hemagglutination; gammaG and gammaE anti-OA antibodies were measured by passive
      cutaneous anaphylaxis. Anti-mu suppression was achieved with significant
      reduction in gammaM and gammaG antibodies. gammaE antibodies were not affected,
      suggesting an ontogenetic development for gammaE-bearing lymphocytes independent
      of the previously described gammaM to gammaG to gammaA ontogenetic sequence.

PMID- 1082917
TI  - Antigen recognition. IV. Discrimination by antigen-binding immunocompetent B
      cells between immunity and tolerance is determined by adherent cells.
AB  - Mouse spleen cells capable of specifically binding intrinsically tritium-labeled
      polymerized flagellin (POL) (labeling by biosynthesis of flagellar protein) via
      IgM receptors were found to comprise a distinct population of about 20-50 cells
      per 10(6) lymphocytes. Evidence is presented that the majority of mouse spleen
      cells binding tritium-labeled POL undergoes blastogenesis after antigen capping,
      antigen shedding, and receptor reformation. Under conditions of tolerance
      induction in vitro, however, loss of antigen from the cell surface was inhibited.
      Such inhibition of antigen redistribution and shedding was reversed by a short
      pulse of colchicine and new antigen receptors were formed. In spite of this,
      colchicine had no effect on the tolerant state. However, tolerance could be
      broken, regardless of presence or absence of the alkaloid, with radioresistant
      theta-negative accessory (A) cells (adherent cells) from normal but not from
      tolerant spleen cell populations. "Tolerant" A cells, although they were
      incapable of cooperating in a response to POL, were capable of participating in a
      response to a second unrelated antigen. It is concluded that tolerance to POL in
      vitro is induced by mechanisms other than the physical blocking of bone marrow
      derived (B) cell receptors by antigen. Most likely, the discrimination by the B
      cell between a tolerogenic and immunogenic signal is mediated by A cells.

PMID- 1082918
TI  - Suppression of IgE antibody production in SJL mice. I. Nonspecific suppressor T
      cells.
AB  - High titer and persistent antihapten IgE production in SJL mice can be obtained
      using appropriate immunization and radiation. Nonirradiated mice rapidly
      terminate this antihapten IgE production. Radiation was not necessary to prolong
      antihapten IgE production in other strains of mice. Termination can be obtained
      even in irradiated SJL mice by transferring normal SJL spleen cells. That the
      suppressor cells are T cells is shown by using thymocytes or cells treated with
      anti-Thy 1.2 and complement. No appreciable suppressive effect by normal spleen
      cells could be demonstrated on IgG1 production in SJL mice. The characteristic of
      low and transient IgE antibody response in SJL mice is inherited as a recessive
      trait controlled by a single Mendelian autosomal gene and is not linked to the H
      2-gene complex. This characteristic does not depend on the infectivity of
      Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, the effect of anticarrier antibody, or the
      recognition of antigen.

PMID- 1082919
TI  - The requirement for two complementing Ir-GLphi immune response genes in the T
      lymphocyte proliferative response to poly-(Glu53Lys36Phe11).
AB  - The antibody response to poly-(Glu53Lys36Phe11) (GLphi) has been shown to be
      under the control of two independent, major histocompatibility-linked immune
      response genes, designated alpha and beta. In the present work we demonstrate
      that the T-lymphocyte proliferative response is also under the control of these
      two immune response genes. Thus, mice of the H-2a, H-2b, H-2k, and H-2s
      haplotypes were all nonresponders to GLphi. In contrast F1 hybrids between these
      strains, such as (B10 X B10.A)F1 and (C3H X SJL)F1, as well as several
      recombinant mice derived from the nonresponder haplotypes, such as B10.1(5R),
      B10.HTT, and B10.S(9R), were all responders to GLphi. The complementation between
      nonresponder genomes appeared to be stronger in the cis position than in the
      trans position for some strain combinations. The failure of strains bearing only
      one of the two responder alleles to show a T-lymphocyte proliferative response to
      GLphi, argues strongly that neither gene can be expressed exclusively in B
      lymphocytes. This conclusion is discussed in relation to another two gene model
      which has recently been proposed.

PMID- 1082920
TI  - Control of t-lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte activation by two complementing Ir-GLphi
      immune response genes.
AB  - The possibility that the two complementing alpha- and beta-Ir-GLphi genes are
      independently responsible for controlling events in T lymphocytes and B
      lymphocytes, respectively, has been tested in double adoptive transfer
      experiments utilizing cells from appropriate inbred strains of mice. The results
      of these studies show that the functions of T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes and
      the cooperative interactions between T and B cells require the presence of both
      alpha- and beta-genes in each respective cell type. Moreover, evidence has been
      obtained in these studies that indicates a preference for the alpha- and beta-Ir
      GLphi genes in the cis position to obtain the most effective T-B-cell
      interactions. The possible implications of these findings are discussed.

PMID- 1082921
TI  - In vitro studies of the rabbit immune system. V. Suppressor T cells activated by
      concanavalin A block the proliferation, not the induction of antierythrocyte
      plaque-forming cells.
AB  - The late B-cell proliferative phase of the in vitro antibody response by rabbit
      spleen cells is highly susceptible to suppression by activated T cells. The in
      vitro antisheep erythrocyte plaque-forming cell (PFC) response by spleen cells
      from normal or primed rabbits can be suppressed by adding concanavalin A (Con A),
      Con A-prestimulated peripheral blood or spleen lymphocytes, or supernates from
      Con A-prestimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes. The suppression is not mediated
      by a direct interaction of Con A with responding cells as shown by the
      effectiveness of prestimulated cells. Primed spleen cultures remain sensitive to
      Con A suppression as late as 72 h after initiation, and the addition of Con A
      after 24-72 h rapidly stops the increase in the number of PFC. T cells are
      required for Con A addition to be effective but the suppression can be induced at
      a time when T-helper cells are no longer necessary. Further, the suppressive
      effect of Con A addition is abrogated by specific antisera to rabbit T cells. We
      propose that Con A activates suppressor T cells which then exert their effects on
      proliferating PFC or their immediate precursor B cells. The early inductive or
      recruitment phase of the response is probably not blocked by suppressor cells.
      Also, there is an apparent relationship between the number of proliferating B
      cells and the number of suppressor cells required. Finally, the difficulties in
      inducing a stimulatory effect by Con A and the prolonged period that Con A
      addition is suppressive suggests that the rabbit has relatively more and/or
      longer-lived suppressor cells than the mouse and may be a particularly useful
      species for studying suppressive phenomena and their mechanisms.

PMID- 1082922
TI  - B-lymphocyte alloantigens in Caucasians.
AB  - Human B lymphocytes have been shown to have at least five polymorphic
      specificities defined by 32 antisera. The antisera were produced by absorption
      with pooled platelets to remove HLA activity and were selected out of over 400
      tested sera. The sera that defined the five specificities had high correlation
      coefficients within a group (generally in the range of 0.6-0.9). As shown by the
      fit in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the five specificities appear to be
      determined by alleles at one genetic locus. No association between these
      specificities and HLA was noted.

PMID- 1082923
TI  - Virus and trinitrophenol hapten-specific T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity against H-2
      incompatible target cells.
AB  - Immune spleen cells from LCM virus-infected (CBA X C57BL/6)F1 radiation chimeras
      entirely repopulated with CBA-T6 lymphocytes were cytotoxic for allogeneic, LCM
      virus infected C57BL/6 mouse-derived target cells. Normal C57BL/6 targets were
      not lysed. CBA-T6 lymphocytes derived from (CBA X C57BL/6) radiation chimeras
      sensitized in vitro against TNP-conjugated C57BL/6 spleen cells lysed TNP
      conjugated C57BL/6 targets. However normal C57BL/6 mouse-derived targets were not
      destroyed. The magnitude of virus-specific (or TNP-specific) cytotoxic responses
      against H-2 incompatible targets was lower compared to that against H-2
      compatible targets. These data are considered to support and to extend the
      altered self concept, but are not consistent with the dual recognition concept.

PMID- 1082924
TI  - Effects of membrane potential on the capacitance of skeletal muscle fibers.
AB  - A method for measuring muscle fiber capacitance using small test pulses applied
      with the three-microelectrode voltage clamp is presented. Using this method,
      three membrane potential-dependent changes in capacitance were observed: (a)
      Capacitance of polarized fibers increased by 5--15% with depolarization from V
      less then -100 mV to voltages slightly below the contraction threshold. (b)
      Capacitance of fibers depolarized to -30 mV by 100 mM Rb solution decreased by
      roughly 8% with further depolarization to about +50 mV and increased with
      repolarization, exhibiting a maximum increase of about 10% at -80 to -90 mV. (c)
      Capacitance of fibers depolarized to -15 mV by 100 mM K solution increased by
      about 19% with further depolarization to +43 mV and decreased by about 23% with
      repolarization to -62 mV. Effects a and b are attributed to changes in specific
      membrane capacitance due to voltage-dependent redistribution of mobile charged
      groups within surface of T-tubule membranes. Effect c is caused by changes in the
      T-system space constant lambdaT due to the voltage dependence of K conductance
      (inward rectification). Analysis of c showed that in 100 mM K solution lambdaT
      congruent to 30 mum when inward rectification was fully activated by
      hyperpolarization and that the density of inward rectifier channels is about the
      same in surface and tubular membranes. Fiber internal resistance was found to be
      independent of voltage, a necessary condition for the interpretation of the
      capacitance measurements.

PMID- 1082925
TI  - Phospholipids of Haemophilus influenzae Rd during exponential growth and
      following the development of competence for genetic transformation.

PMID- 1082926
TI  - Effects of tryptophan on serotonin in nerve endings.

PMID- 1082927
TI  - Atypical incorporation of single amino acids into myelin proteins.

PMID- 1082928
TI  - Computer mapping of brain-stem sensory centers in man.
AB  - A computer program is described for use on-line with a two--stage stereotaxic
      technique in man. It has four capabilities. It transposes coordinates between a
      brain atlas and a stereotaxic frame, simultaneously adjusting for variations in
      individual brain dimensions. Corrections for electrode trajectories, and for any
      irregularities of placement of the stereotaxic frame in the head are also made.
      It plots an operative template that shows electrode trajectories and the sites
      from which physiological data are collected appropriately oriented upon a
      sagittal diagram of the brain. It graphically displays physiological data in the
      form of a Woolsey-type figurine chart that indicates threshold in milliamperes
      and, through the use of coded symbols, the quality of response and certain other
      data. It stores all this data in a tape library together with the locations of
      any lesions made. This makes it possible to replot any individual patient's
      operative data at any time. It also permits scanning of the stored protocols from
      all patients for any particular type of data either by itself or in combination
      with other data. This retrieved information is plotted on appropriate sagittal
      brain diagrams corrected for individual variations in brain size. Illustrations
      of the capabilities of the program are presented particularly with reference to
      the primary afferent pathways of the upper brain stem.

PMID- 1082929
TI  - Antifibrinolytics in the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhages due to ruptured
      aneurysms.

PMID- 1082930
TI  - Letter: A single anomalous photopigment?

PMID- 1082931
TI  - Otitis media caused by non-typable, ampicillin-resistant strains of Haemophilus
      influenzae.
AB  - Strains of Haemophilus influenzae, which did not belong to any of the known
      capsular serotypes and which were resistant in vitro to ampicillin, have been
      isolated from middle ear exudates of two children with otitis media. These
      children failed to improve with ampicillin therapy, and the resistant organisms
      persisted at the site of infection. Patients infected with such ampicillin
      resistant organisms require therapy with antimicrobial agents which are not
      susceptible to degradation by penicillinase.

PMID- 1082932
TI  - An analysis of the action of atropine and scopolamine on the end-plate current of
      frog sartorius muscle.
AB  - The effects of atropine sulfate and scopolamine hydrobromide were investigated on
      the end-plate current (EPC) of frog sartorius muscle by standard voltage-clamp
      techniques. Both atropine and scopolamine reduced the peak EPC amplitude although
      scopolamine was only one-third as potent as atropine. The reduction of amplitude
      became more pronounced with increasing membrane hyperpolarization resulting in
      nonlinear current-voltage characteristics. Atropine shortened the EPC duration
      and decreased the voltage-sensitivity of the falling phase; the latter, however,
      continued to remain a single exponential function of time as in the control.
      Scopolamine reduced the time to peak, and in addition, converted the falling
      phase to a double exponential function, consisting of a rapid initial phase
      followed by a slow terminal phase. Both phases of fall were altered by changes in
      drug concentration but only the terminal phase responded appreciably to changes
      in membrane potential. Atropine and scopolamine were without effect on the EPC
      reversal potential, indicating that the drugs do not exhibit a preference for the
      ionic species carrying the synaptic current.

PMID- 1082933
TI  - Aerobic recovery metabolism following a single isometric tetanus in frog
      sartorius muscle at 0 degrees C.
AB  - 1. Basal and recovery O2 consumption, delatO2, in frog sartorius muscles at 0
      degrees C were measured with a polarographic electrode. Reproducible observations
      were made with the same muscle over many hours. 2. The experimental records had
      an exponential form except for the early phases of recovery following a single
      isometric tetanus. Diffusion of O2 within the muscle was adequate to account for
      this deviation from an exponential time course of recovery. The time constant of
      the recovery O2 consumption increased with the duration of tetanic stimulation
      from 5 to 20 sec. 3. Lactate synthesis was measureable in unstimulated aerobic
      muscles and increased in proportion to total O2 consumption as long as the muscle
      did not lack O2. The contribution of glycolysis to the total chemical energy
      production during recovery was 6-9%; for hypoxic muscles it was greater. 4. The
      resynthesis of phosphorylcreatine and the decrease in inorganic phosphate and
      free creatine following a tetanus showed an exponential time course similar to
      recovery O2. Initial concentrations were re-attained within 60 min following a 20
      sec tetanus. 5. We conclude that recovery O2 consumpation is a useful and
      accurate measure of the net chemical energy utilization for a single contraction.

PMID- 1082934
TI  - Relationship between initial chemical reactions and oxidative recovery metabolism
      for single isometric contractions of frog sartorius at 0 degrees C.
AB  - 1. Measurements of intitial chemical changes and recovery oxygen consumption
      (deltaO2) were made in unpoisoned aerobic frog sartorius muscles at 0 degrees C
      to provide independent measures of the chemical energy used for isometric tetani
      of various durations. 2. DeltaO2 was measured polarographically and increased in
      a curvilinear fashion with stimulus duration. For stimulations longer than 4 sec
      deltaO2 was a linear function of the tension-time integral. 3. Measurements of
      the changes in the content of phosphorylcreatine, 'free' creatine and inorganic
      phosphate were made in muscles rapidly frozen during a tetanus. The average of
      these quantities, delta approximately P, was used to measure the initial 'high
      energy' phosphate utilization. No break-down of 'high-energy' phosphate compounds
      was detected up to 200 sec after relaxation of tension. Changes in the content of
      ATP were not observed except for a small decrease (-0-25+/-0-1 mumole/g) in
      muscles tetanized for 1 sec. 4. Delta approximately P also increase curvilinearly
      with tetanus duration and, for tetanic durations greater than 4 sec, was a linear
      function of the tension-time integral. 5. Both deltaO2 and delta approximately P
      were quantitatively related by a constant scaling factor of about 4-3 (delta
      approximately P/deltaO2) throughout the range of tetanic durations studied. The
      constancy of this ratio.provides evidence against the hypothesis that a
      significant 'missing reaction' provides energy during any one portion of the
      tetanus. Several hypothesis may account for the numerical value of the ration
      delta approximately P/deltaO2.

PMID- 1082935
TI  - The effect of caffeine and tetracaine on the time course of potassium
      contractures of single muscle fibres.
AB  - 1. The time course of potassium contractures can be significantly prolonged by
      low concentrations of caffeine. 2. This effect of caffeine is not due to
      impairment of the fibre relaxing system. 3. Under conditions were contractile
      repriming is delayed (low temperature) an extra amount of activator can be
      released by caffeine, in addition to that released by potassium. 4. The source of
      this extra amount of activator is intracellular since its release can be shown in
      a O calcium EGTA medium. 5. Local anaesthetics, tetracaine, and to a lesser
      extent procaine, affect the release of contractile activator, without impairing
      the contractile machinery itself. 6. The results of the present paper support the
      view that the time course of potassium contracture is controlled by a membrane
      mechanism which is activated upon depolarization and later inactivates with time.
      7. The effect of caffeine and local anaesthetics can be explained by assuming
      that the former prolongs the inactivation time course while the latter shortens
      it.

PMID- 1082936
TI  - [Vertebral angiography and tumours of the posterior fossa in children. 29 cases
      (author's transl)].
AB  - With reference to 29 cases of tumours of the posterior fossa, the authors attempt
      to place the value of vertebral angiography amongst other diagnostic techniques
      and in particular in relation to ventriculography using iodised hydrosoluble
      contrast media. Whilst recognising the diagnostic possibilities offered by
      vertebral angiography, they feel that, in many cases, opacification of the IVth
      ventricle is necessary and that angiography does not therefore form part of the
      routine pre-operative assessment of such tumours.

PMID- 1082937
TI  - The accuracy of recording patient problems in family practice.
AB  - In 1974 several studies were conducted on the validity of medical data recorded
      and computerized at family medical centers affiliated with the University of
      Western Ontario. Fifty-nine encounters were observed. An average of 2.54 somatic,
      emotional, or social problems were dealt with per encounter. The residents
      recorded an average of 1.51 problems and the observers 2.45. This difference is
      highly statistically significant (p less than .001). There was no significant
      statistical differences among the observers. The many questions this study raises
      may have a bearing on medical education, medical audit, research, medical
      computer systems, and perhaps even on quality of care since problem-solving is
      based on problem identification. Further studies and evaluation are needed.

PMID- 1082938
TI  - The repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential: a comparative study of
      rate-induced changes in its waveform.

PMID- 1082939
TI  - Natural cytotoxic reactivity of rat lymphocytes against syngeneic Gross virus
      induced lymphoma.
AB  - Lymphoid cells from many normal W/Fu rats reacted in a 51Cr release cytotoxicity
      assay against (C58NT)D, a syngeneic Gross leukemia virus-induced tumor. The
      reactivity was maximal in young rats at 5-8 weeks of age and rapidly declined
      thereafter. Within reactive rats, the cytotoxicity was widely distributed among
      the various lymphoid organs. Since immunization of W/Fu rats with (C58NT)D was
      shown to elicit specific cell-mediated cytotoxic reactivity, studies were done to
      compare the characteristics of the natural reactivity with those of the immune
      reactivity. The specificity of both types of reactivity was analyzed in detail by
      an inhibition assay. The natural and the immune reactivities appeared directed
      against antigens associated with rat endogenous type-C viruses. The major
      differences between the natural reactivity and immune reactivity were the nature
      of the effector cells. Whereas immune reactivity was T-cell dependent, normal
      reactivity was not affected by treatment with antisera against T cells plus
      complement. Natural effector cells were not adherent and did not have macrophage
      properties. The active cells also did not have receptors for Ig or complement.
      The absence of detectable cell-surface markers on the natural effector cells was
      seen in studies of natural cytotoxic reactivity of mice, and it is proposed that
      the natural cytotoxicity in both systems is mediated by a unique subpopulation of
      lymphoid cells, tentatively designated "N" cells.

PMID- 1082940
TI  - Bacterial lipopolysaccharides as helper factors for Friend spleen focus-forming
      virus in mice.
AB  - Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from several gram-negative bacteria significantly
      increased the spleen focus-forming efficiency of N-topic Friend virus complex in
      mice by different  mechanisms. One effect was associated with an increase in the
      number of availability of potential target cells for spleen focus-forming virus
      (SFFV) in fully susceptible mouse strains. This enhancing effect was optimal when
      LPS was injected 5 days before SFFV but was nil when LPS and SFFV were given at
      the same time. In contrast, in mice genetically resistant to the native helper
      virus of SFFV, the helper effect of LPS was optical when it was injected with
      SFFV and oil when given 5 days before or after the virus. LPS did not affect
      helper virus expression in a standard cell culture (XC) assay, but it did
      increase helper virus replication in mice. Mice lacking T cells or complete
      endogenous murine leukemia virus genomes were just as sensitive to the helper
      effects of LPS on SFFV expression as were control animals. Most of the helper
      activity of LPS is associated with the lipid A component. The mechanism of the
      helper effect of lipid A is still unknown, but hypotheses must take into account
      that this effect did not occur in fully susceptible hosts, but only in hosts
      carrying resistance alleles at either the FV-1 or the FV-2 locus.

PMID- 1082941
TI  - The nonselective cytotoxic cell (N cell).
AB  - When effector lymphocytes were reacted with cultured human tumors, the total
      cytotoxic reaction could be divided into selective and nonselective components.
      The nonselective part of the reaction was due to a cell type called N cells.
      Fractionation of effector suspension indicated that N cells were neither T nor B
      cells. Like B cells, N cells did not form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes; they
      were retained by columns coated with lg or antiserum to lg and died
      preferentially when stored at an ambient temperature. However, N cells were
      differentiated from B cells by their inability to form complement-receptor
      rosettes and by their survival when incubated at 30 degrees C. The effect of the
      nonselective cytotoxic cell must be differentiated from selective activity in
      studies of specificity for cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1082942
TI  - Posterior fossa tumors with pathological laughter.
AB  - Of two patients with posterior fossa tumor and pathological laughter, one had
      extrinsic compression of the brain stem; the other had an intrinsic brain-stem
      lesion. Surgical removal of the epidermoid from the cerebellopontine angle cured
      the laughter. The euphoria of multiple sclerosis with paroxysmal laughter and a
      feeling of joy is to be differentiated from cases in which pathological laughter
      is a presenting complaint.

PMID- 1082943
TI  - Barium impaction as a complication of gastrointestinal scleroderma.
AB  - Two patients with scleroderma of the bowel experienced life-threatening barium
      impaction after upper intestinal x-ray studies. Although the frequency of this
      complication is unknown, the difficulty of managing it when it occurs makes
      prevention imperative. X-ray studies should be performed only after careful
      consideration of the risks and benefits. When x-ray studies are performed, the
      patient should be vigorously purged soon thereafter, and a follow-up
      roentgenogram should be obtained to confirm adequate removal of barium.

PMID- 1082944
TI  - Quinidine-induced lupus nephritis.

PMID- 1082945
TI  - [Effect of temperature on excitation-contraction coupling of the bullfrog atrium
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Numerous studies have been reported on the effects of temperature on the
      electrical and mechanical properties of myocardium, and the augmentation of
      tension in low temperature has been generally considered to be simply due to a
      marked prolongation of the membrane action potential. In recent years, however,
      several kinds of the membrane currents such as INa1, INa2, ICa, IK1, IK2, IX1,
      IX2 and IC1 were discovered on the myocardium and the complicated processes of
      membrane excitation-contraction coupling (E-C coupling) were greatly analized in
      relation with the roles of these membrane currents and sarcoplasmic reticulum.
      Accordingly, the mechanisms of the inotropic effect of low temperature must also
      be reexamined on the basis of these lately developed knowledges. The present
      study, therefore, was undertaken to elucidate fundamental mechanisms of the
      action of temperature upon the membrane currents and E-C coupling processes, by
      examining the frog heart muscle with voltage clamp technique. The preparation
      used in the present experiments was the atrial muscle bundle isolated from the
      bullfrog (Rana cathesbiana). The thin muscle bundle was about 7 mm in length and
      0.6-0.8 mm in diameter. The membrane potential, current and contractile tension
      were measured by means of the double glycerol-gap technique in voltage clamped
      conditions. The muscle chamber consisted of five compartments (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5).
      The large terminal compartments (1 and 5) were flowed with 200 mM KCl solution,
      the intermediate compartments (2 and 4) with isotonic glycerol solution, and the
      central compartment with Ringer or test solutions. The width of glycerol gap was
      1 mm, and that of the central compartment ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 mm. The membrane
      potential was obtained as the potential difference between the central and
      terminal compartments (3 and 5), and the current, from the central compartment
      (3) which was kept at nearly earth potential by the aid of an operational
      amplifier (Philbrick, P65AU). The muscle tension was measured by the aid of a
      strain gauge (Nihon Kohden, SB-1T), the sensitive arm of which was connected to
      the end of muscle bundle in the terminal compartment (5). These potential,
      current and tension were recorded simultaneously utilizing by a triad-beam
      oscilloscope (Nihon Kohden, VC-7) and a inkwriting oscilloscope (Nihon Kohden, WI
      180).

PMID- 1082946
TI  - [First aid in the clinical field. Emergency care and nursing during hemorrhage of
      the upper gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1082947
TI  - [Research on nurse-patient relationship conducted in Japan].

PMID- 1082948
TI  - [Conditions necessary for true humane understanding--with special reference to
      patient-nurse relations. Discussion].

PMID- 1082949
TI  - [Nursing action inspiring hope in patients--aproaches utilizing counseling
      technics].

PMID- 1082950
TI  - [Discussion on application of counseling technics in nurse-patient relations:
      quantification of speech and analysis of its significance in nursing].

PMID- 1082951
TI  - [Book review by discussion: "On Death and Dying" and "Questions and Answers on
      Death and Dying" by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross].

PMID- 1082952
TI  - [Increasing the quality of nursing care by introducing the concept of primary
      nursing: a model project].

PMID- 1082953
TI  - [Changes in the pharyngeal flora of the nursing students during clinical
      training].

PMID- 1082954
TI  - Effects of 6-hydroxydopa and 5,6-dihydroxytryptophan treatment on spontaneous
      motor activity and brain monoamines in mice.

PMID- 1082955
TI  - [Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery--a case
      report].

PMID- 1082956
TI  - [Surgical management of ischemic heart disease--results of the first 3 years].

PMID- 1082957
TI  - [Calcified foci as an index to estimate the prevalence of tuberculosis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1082958
TI  - [Nursing care for patients with chronic arthritis. (2). Classification of
      rheumatic and connective tissue diseases].

PMID- 1082959
TI  - [Modern aspects of the problem of gastroduodenal hemorrhages].

PMID- 1082960
TI  - [Perspectives of the use of proteinase inhibitors].

PMID- 1082961
TI  - [Visual disorders following Brufen administration].

PMID- 1082962
TI  - [Autolymphocytotoxins (CoCoCy) in different forms of hepatitis and cirrhosis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Sera of altogether 282 patients with different forms of hepatitis and cirrhosis
      were screened for cold reacting complement dependant auto-lympho-cytotoxins
      (CoCoCy). These antibodies are 19S-IgM-immunoglobins and have no HLA-antigen
      specificity. CoCoCy occurred in 48% of the patients with chronic aggressive
      hepatitis (CAH), in 14% of the patients with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH)
      and in intermediate rates in the sera of patients with acute hepatitis. No
      correlations was found between CoCoCy and hepatitis B-antigen (HB-Ag). CoCoCy
      could be demonstrated also in 20% of the sera of a HB-Ag-positive and in 6% of a
      HB-Ag-negative control group. The serum concentration of CoCoCy is low. CoCoCy
      seems to be of T-cell-specificity and to reflect the overall-immunoreactivity
      without relation to the specificity of the antigenic stimulus. Thus demonstration
      of CoCoCy may be of pathogeneic and pathodynamic rather than of diagnostic
      interest.

PMID- 1082963
TI  - [Editorial: Who is going to take of the patient with acute stomach hemorrhage?].

PMID- 1082964
TI  - [Ibuprofen (Brufen) and naproxen (Naprosyn)].

PMID- 1082965
TI  - [Allogenic and xenogenic aortic segmental transplants in inbred rats
      angiographically demonstrable vascular changes (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to make a systematic study of the significance of immunological
      reactions in vascular grafts, segments of abdominal aorta (4-5 mm long) were
      grafted into inbred rats. Four experimental combinations were used: I. syngeneic
      (CDF leads to CDF), II. weakly allogeneic (LEW leads to CDF), III. strongly
      allogeneic (BD 5 leads to CDF), IV. xenogeneic (guinea pig leads to CDF). After
      100 days the gaft was macroscopically evaluated, angiographed and measured.
      Whereas no alterations of the vascular wall were found in group I, the degree of
      aneurysm formation increased significantly corresponding to the degree of
      histoincompatibility in the other groups: group II showed little aneurysm
      formation (medicum size 1.27 fold), group III more pronounced (1.71 fold) and
      group IV very pronounced (3.9 fold) with partial thrombosis in 3/5 of the cases.
      These findings are interpreted, as functional and morphological consequences of
      the immunogenicity of the aorta tissue. The conclusion was reached that the
      degree of histoincompatibility should be more carefully considered, also in
      vascular grafting.

PMID- 1082966
TI  - Temporal bone histopathology in experimental hypovitaminosis A.
AB  - Twenty-five years ago hearing loss was observed in some subjects during a
      comprehensive study of the effects of hypovitaminosis A on human volunteers.
      Experimental studies documenting histopathological changes in the temporal bone
      due to hypovitaminosis A are conflicting. Even the recent textbooks of
      otolaryngology and physiology make no mention of a role of vitamin A in the ear.
      To explore the role of vitamin A in the ear adult and weanling rats maintained on
      a diet totally lacking vitamin A were sacrificed at intervals. Their temporal
      bones were examined with the light microscope. After six weeks on a vitamin A
      free diet weanling rats showed hypertrophy of the periostial portions of the otic
      capsule. At 16 weeks a narrowing of the internal auditory canal due to bony
      exostoses was present. The neuroepithelia of the cochlea and the vestibular
      apparatus were histologically normal even in the longest surfiving animals. Adult
      rats maintained on a vitamin A free diet showed minimal thickening of the bone
      adjacent to the internal auditory meatus. The cochlea and the vestibular appartus
      in these animals remained normal throughout the 28-week experiment. Although we
      have demonstrated marked abnormalities of the otic capsule in hypovitaminosis A,
      our results do not support those of some earlier investigators who reported that
      atrophy of the cochlear and vestibular neuroepithelium occurred in the absence of
      dietary vitamin A.

PMID- 1082967
TI  - [Hemobilia (author's transl)].
AB  - Hemobilia is a syndrome caused by hemorrhage into the biliary ducts. It is
      characterized by colicky pains, jaundice, and intestinal bleeding; a correct
      diagnosis of this syndrome is made rather rarely. The most common cause is
      trauma; inflammatory or tumorous disease of the liver and bile duct system, bile
      stones and aneurysms of the hepatic artery are rarer causes. The diagnosis can be
      established and the arterio-biliary fistula localized by selective arteriography.
      A case is described, which shows, that, in addition, duodenoscopy with retrograde
      cholangiography is of diagnostic value. Other helpful diagnostic procedures are:
      splenoportography, liver scanning, and intraoperative cholangiography. Therapy
      must be surgical exclusively; palliative operations lead to high rates of
      relapses and letality. Best results are achieved by ligature of the hepatic
      artery in cases of central, or by partial resection of the liver in cases of
      peripheral localization of the fistula.

PMID- 1082968
TI  - Relationship of ornithine decarboxylase to RNA polymerase i activity.

PMID- 1082969
TI  - Isolation and characterization of luteinizing hormone from amphibian (Rana
      catesbeiana) pituitaries.

PMID- 1082970
TI  - Influence of various amino acids on the bioelectrical response to light
      stimulation of a superfused frog retina.

PMID- 1082971
TI  - Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (DLE)--a clinical and laboratory
      investigation of 80 patients.
AB  - Clinical and laboratory data are presented from a study of a group of 80 patients
      with chronic cutaneous discoid lupus erythematosus. These data support the
      contention that if one selects patients with chronic scarring DLE who have no
      evidence by history or physical examination of extracutaneous involvement, then
      only a small percentage of patients will have detectable immunologic
      derangements. It is apparent that the clinical expression of lupus erythematosus
      depends, in part, upon the nature of the host's immune response.

PMID- 1082972
TI  - [Cytotoxic effect of soluble factor formed by lymphocytes of palatine tonsils in
      transplantable cell culture in vitro].

PMID- 1082973
TI  - [Hemorrhagic manifestations during chickenpox].

PMID- 1082974
TI  - [Immunologic progress control in neuroblastoma].

PMID- 1082975
TI  - [Phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphotoxin formation and lymphocyte-lymphoblast
      transformation in children with immune defects].

PMID- 1082976
TI  - Hypothesis: A molecular basis for the hyperammonemia and potassium wastage
      associated with hepatic failure.

PMID- 1082977
TI  - Atypical small-cell dysplasia and in situ carcinoma of the breast: an analysis of
      subsequently developing ipsilateral invasive carcinomas.

PMID- 1082978
TI  - Neurogenic disorders affecting muscle: five-year analysis of muscle biopsies. II.
      Myopathic changes.

PMID- 1082979
TI  - Composite tumor of small intestine.

PMID- 1082980
TI  - Pseudolymphomatous pulmonary infiltrates in rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1082981
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma following radiotherapy for bursitis.

PMID- 1082982
TI  - Amyloid pseudotumor of the lung.

PMID- 1082983
TI  - Pulmonary radiographic findings in a case of febrile, relapsing, nonsuppurative
      panniculitis (Weber-Christian disease).

PMID- 1082984
TI  - Metastatic melanoma presenting as abnormal uterine bleeding: A case report.

PMID- 1082985
TI  - Lateral chest wall cyst in a woman with disseminated echinococcal disease.

PMID- 1082986
TI  - Assessing patient knowledge about diabetes.

PMID- 1082987
TI  - Inhibition and reversal of wheat germ agglutinin-induced caps by concanavalin A.

PMID- 1082988
TI  - Cytoplasmic exclusion as a basis for asymmetric nucleocytoplasmic solute
      distributions.

PMID- 1082989
TI  - T-lymphocytes response to Friend virus-induced tumour cell lines in mice of
      strains congenic at H--2.

PMID- 1082990
TI  - Increased frequency of heterozygotes for alpha1 antitrypsin variants in
      individuals with either sex chromosome mosaicism or trisomy 21.

PMID- 1082991
TI  - Soluble factors substitute for T-T-cell collaboration in generation of T-killer
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1082992
TI  - Modulation of B-cell interactions by T cells.

PMID- 1082993
TI  - Medical management of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1082994
TI  - [Angiographic diagnosis of non-neoplastic aqueductal stenosis in children
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Angiograpic diagnosis of non-neoplastic aqueductal stenosis in 4 children were
      described. The materials were selected from 160 vertebral angiograms of children
      below 15 years, performed at the Kyushu University Hospital from July 1967 to
      March 1974. There were 4 cases of angiographically demonstrated non-neoplastic
      aqueductal stenosis. These cases were confirmed by pneumoence-phalogram and/or
      pneumoventriculograms, which were performed before and after the Tolkildens
      procedure. Ages of the patients varied from 6 to 15 years with average of 11.8
      years. All the angiographic findings of these 4 patients with non-neoplastic
      aqueductal stenosis were explained on the basis of 5 major morphological changes
      such as 1) marked symmetrical obstructive hydrocephalus, 2) dilatation of the
      third ventricle and aqueduct above the obstruction with resultant downward
      displacement and compression up the upper brain stem and posterior displacement
      of the precentral cerebellar fissure, 3) maintenance of normal shape and position
      of the lower half of the posterior fossa structure, 4) absence of midline shaft
      of the median and paramedian vessels, 5) morphologic changes of the subarachonoid
      cisterns. These angiographic findings coincided with the angiographic features as
      described by Huang et al. (1968), under the experience with 10 cases of non
      neoplastic aqueductal stenosis of adults, averaging of 43 years. Special emphasis
      was placed on the diagnostic value of the small veins and arteries in the
      posterior fossa vascular system. We also emphasized that the vertebral
      angiography should be performed as the first investigative procedure using the
      contrast media in the posterior fossa lesions.

PMID- 1082995
TI  - Measurements of the normal ventricular system with computer tomography of the
      brain. A preliminary study on 44 adults.
AB  - The brains of 44 normal adults were examined by computer tomography (CT) with the
      fine matrix EMI scanner. Measurements of various parts of the ventricular system
      showed a sexual difference and an increase with age. Absolute measurements are
      preferred to indices or ratios. Comparison with the same parameters in
      pneumoncephalography and ventricular casts showed good correlation. The need for
      larger investigations of the normal population  is stressed.

PMID- 1082996
TI  - [Selective arteriography in the diagnosis and therapy of massive acute
      hemorrhages of the digestive tract].

PMID- 1082998
TI  - Patient-oriented recording: a better system for ambulatory settings.

PMID- 1082997
TI  - [Ankylosing hemorrhagic arthropathy in a patient with Von Willebrand's disease
      (angiohemophilia A)].
AB  - A case of von Willebrand's disease with unusual clinical manifestations is
      described. The disease was characterized by the presence of insistently recurring
      haemarthroses, starting from infancy, involving a number of joints, ending in
      ankylosis. Bleeding time was lengthened and the patient presented antihaemophilic
      globulin deficiency and decreased platelet adhesiveness.

PMID- 1082999
TI  - Letter: Minocycline, amoxycillin and haemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1083003
TI  - [Genetic counseling in hereditary corneal diseases].

PMID- 1083004
TI  - [Pulmonary changes in infants treated with intermittent oxygen therapy].

PMID- 1083005
TI  - Diagnostic methods in pediatric oncology.

PMID- 1083006
TI  - [Autoantibodies in children with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].

PMID- 1083007
TI  - Relapse of Hemophilus influenzae type b meningitis after combined antibiotic
      therapy: report of a case.
AB  - Antibiotic therapy of bacterial meningitis is being reevaluated due to reports of
      ampicillin-resistant strains of Hemophilus influenzae type b. The infant reported
      had a relapse of H. influenzae type b meningitis after an excellent clinical and
      bacteriologic response to an initial course of combined antibiotic therapy
      including chloramphenicol. This relapse is postulated to be due to localized
      cerebral vasculitis which was not treated for a sufficient period of time during
      the initial course of therapy. The patient responded well to a second course of
      penicillin and chloramphenicol. Since the use of pencillin and chloramphenicol
      will be increasing, the clinician should be aware that bacteriologic relapse of
      H. influenzae type b meningitis may occur with chloramphenicol therapy.

PMID- 1083008
TI  - Current status of ampicillin-resistant Hemophilus influenzae type b.

PMID- 1083009
TI  - [Diagnosis of rheumatism in children using criteria obtained by the cybernetic
      method].

PMID- 1083010
TI  - [Acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083011
TI  - [Round-table discussion on gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Does better cooperation
      among specialists give greater effect than new therapy forms].

PMID- 1083012
TI  - [Letter: Prolonged veno-arterial derivation (with membrane oxygenator) for
      circulatory failure. Results in a 2-year-old child].

PMID- 1083013
TI  - [Letter Hypercalcemia induced by prolonged intake of catarluse].

PMID- 1083014
TI  - [Digestive tract hemorrhages of cirrhotic patients. Relation between hepatic
      insufficiency and the hemorrhagic lesion].
AB  - The cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding was studied in 85 cirrhotic patients
      by emergency endoscopy. In every patient, one or several lesions were observed
      and the site of bleeding was ascertained in 59. The two main causes were
      oesophago-gastric varices (46 p.cent) and acute mucosal lesions(42 p.cent). The
      source of bleeding appeared to be related to the degree of liver function
      impairment. In patients with no or moderate liver function impariment, bleeding
      usually originated from varices or from drug-associated mucosal erosions.
      Patients with severe impairment of liver function most often bled from
      spontaneous acute oeso-gastro-duodenal ulcerations. These ulcerations resembled
      what has been described in "stress" hemorrhage. Because of the relationship
      between liver function and the cause of hemorrhage, mortality was lower in
      variceal bleeders (29 p.cent) than in patients with spontaneous ulcerations (83
      p.cent). In patients with severely impaired liver function, portacaval shunt was
      rarely indicated since hemorrhage was generally due to acute mucosal ulcerations.

PMID- 1083015
TI  - [Letter: Relation between psoriatic rheumatism and HL-A].

PMID- 1083016
TI  - Immunotherapy: concepts and nursing implications.
AB  - Concepts of immunlogy and the human immune system are essential for an
      understanding of the rationale of immunotherapy. Immunotherapy is presently being
      investigated as adjunct therapy for patients with cancer. It is therefore
      essential for the professional nurse to become cognizant of the various
      modalities and possible complications of immunotherapy in order that the nursing
      implications may be incorporated into clinical practice.

PMID- 1083017
TI  - Rheumatic disease of the shoulder.

PMID- 1083018
TI  - [Levels of alpha-1-antitrypsin in the course of bronchitis in children of 0-3
      years of age].

PMID- 1083019
TI  - [Editorial: Current views on the development and role of the immune system].

PMID- 1083020
TI  - [Alpha 1 antitrypsin in pulmonary fibrosis in children].

PMID- 1083021
TI  - [Activity and physico-chemical properties of factors affecting the immunological
      response].

PMID- 1083022
TI  - [Role of immunological factors in the development of cancer].

PMID- 1083023
TI  - [Digestive leiomyomas case report of multiple leiomyomalosis in the small
      intestine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083024
TI  - [Influence of inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes on the hemostasis system and
      hemogram indices in patients with extensive burns during toxemia period].

PMID- 1083025
TI  - [Use of Mantoux test with 2 TE PPD-L for early detection of tuberculosis in
      children and adolescents].

PMID- 1083026
TI  - [Characteristics of epidemiology and clinical aspects of tuberculosis among the
      natives of Taimir].

PMID- 1083027
TI  - Effect of concanavalin A on expression of cell surface sialyltransferase activity
      of mouse thymocytes.
AB  - Incubation of mouse thymocytes with mitogenic concentrations of concanavalin A
      causes a 2-fold increase in cell-surface-associated (but not total cell)
      sialyltransferase activity (ectosialyltransferase, CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:D
      galactosyl-glycoprotein N-acetylneuraminyltransferase, EC 2.4.99.1) as judged by
      incorporation of [14C]sialic acid into endogenous cell acceptors and into added
      desialylated fetuin acceptor. The concanavalin-A-induced enhancement of enzymic
      activity is essentially complete within 1 hr after addition of mitogen and
      remains at elevated levels for 12 hr, declining rapidly thereafter. Intact cells
      labeled previously with [14C]sialic acid and then incubated briefly with
      hydrolytic enzymes, including neuraminidase and insoluble trypsin, released 43
      66% of total cell-associated radioactivity without appreciably changing cell
      viability. Alterations in sialyltransferase activity due to concanavalin A
      treatment could not be explained by a mitogen-mediated (a) uptake of radioactive
      precursors, (b) cell death, (c) increased product catabolism, or (d) activation
      of sialyltransferase by mitogen binding to the enzyme. Furthermore, the process
      does not require active protein synthesis. The results are consistent with a
      rapid concanavalin-A-induced exposure of potential enzymic activity that was
      previously inaccessible to substrate.

PMID- 1083028
TI  - Novel mechanism for translational control in regulation of ferritin synthesis by
      iron.
AB  - Poly(A)-containing RNA was isolated from the polyribosomal and post-ribosomal
      fractions of the livers of normal and iron-treated rats. These RNA fractions were
      then translated in a wheat germ system to provide a measure of the amount of
      ferritin mRNA present in each fraction. Following iron administration, there was
      a 2-fold increase in the amount of ferritin mRNA in the polyribosomal fraction.
      This increase was not inhibited by prior treatment of the rats with actinomycin D
      or cordycepin, suggesting a cytoplasmic control mechanism. In normal rats, the
      post-ribosomal fraction contained an amount of ferritin mRNA equal to that in the
      polyribosomes. When iron was administered, this untranslated ferritin mRNA became
      reduced to negligible quantities, thus accounting for the doubling of the
      ferritin mRNA content of the polyribosomal fraction. A scheme is proposed in
      which translation of the ferritin mRNA in the post-ribosomal fraction is
      prevented by adhering ferritin subunits. Iron administration removes this
      inhibition of the translation of ferritin mRNA by promoting aggregation of these
      subunits into ferritin.

PMID- 1083029
TI  - Immediate short-time effects of ethacrynic acid on frog gastric mucosa in
      chloride-free solutions.
AB  - The presence of ethacrynic acid in the nutrient sulphate solution produces,
      generally in less than 3 min, a decrease in resistance accompanied by an increase
      in transmucosal PD. These results strongly suggest that the dominant effect of
      ethacrynic acid is not on the Na+ pathway of the nutrient membrane, but without
      further knowledge of the resistance of other ionic pathways, it cannot be
      inferred whether the effect predominates on the K+ pathway as in Cl- media.

PMID- 1083030
TI  - Evidence for clustering of H-2K, H-2D, and the Fc receptor on the membranes of B
      cells.
AB  - Alloantisera to H-2K, H-2D, and Ia antigens markedly inhibited the binding of EA
      but not FITC-IgG by the B cell Fc receptor. EA rosette formation approached
      normal levels when masked H-2 but not Ia specificities were allowed to cap on the
      membranes of B cells. beta2-mu coated SRBC were bound by the Fc receptor, and
      high concentrations of soluble beta2-mu were found to moderately inhibit EA
      rosette formation while lower concentrations enhanced binding. The data support
      the concept of Fc/Ia identity, and they suggest that H-2K, H-2D, and the Fc
      receptor may be closely grouped on the membranes of B cells. Further, these
      observations suggest that the beta2-microglobulin associated with H-2 could serve
      to link T cells with the Fc receptor of B cells during the inductive phase of
      antibody synthesis.

PMID- 1083031
TI  - Use of low intensity direct current in management of ischemic skin ulcers.
AB  - A clinical investigation of the use of low intensity direct current (LIDC) in
      treating ischemic skin ulcers was conducted at the University of Missouri. The
      purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of LIDC on altering the healing
      rate of ischemic skin ulcers. One hundred ulcers were treated with LIDC. Six of
      the patients had bilateral symmetrical ulcers which provided the control group.
      The six control ulcers were managed exactly the same as their counterpart  except
      that LIDC was omitted. The mean healing ratio of the control ulcers was 14.7
      percent per week compared to 30 percent per week of the treated counterpart. The
      mean healing rate of the 100 ischemic skin ulcers treated with LIDC was 28.4
      percent per week. The data indicated that ischemic skin ulcers treated with the
      current responded with a healing rate approximately twice as fast as those ulcers
      that did not receive LIDC treatment. The authors concluded that the use of LIDC
      added an effective modality to the armamentarium of the physical therapist for
      the treatment of ischemic skin ulcers.

PMID- 1083032
TI  - [Rheumatological calcinoses].
AB  - The different types of calcinosis observed in rheumatic patients are described :
      those most frequently found are periatricular and tendinous ; others that are
      less frequent are subcutaneous and result from tissue attack (filariasis,
      repeated microtraumatisms) ; diffuse dystrophic calcinoses of the Thibierge and
      Weissenbach syndrome ; and lasty, in contrast to the preceding examples, diffuse,
      dystrophic, and metabolic articular chondrocalcinosis. The etiopathogenesis of
      these calcinoses remains obscure, but the phenomenon of calciphylaxis seems to be
      involved.

PMID- 1083033
TI  - Discovering problems--seek and ye shall find.

PMID- 1083034
TI  - [Effects of indoleamine precursor loading on 5-hydroxyindole metabolism and on
      amino acid concentration in the cat brain].

PMID- 1083035
TI  - Effect of concomitantly administered drugs on the control of long term
      anticoagulant therapy.
AB  - The stability of control of long term anticoagulant therapy was studied in a
      group of 277 patients with respect to drug interactions. Increased instability
      (changes of dose/month of therapy) was related to the number of concomitant drugs
      taken irrespective of, and in addition to, known specific interactions.
      Fluctuating cardiac status in patients requiring digoxin and diuretic therapy was
      a major factor in stabilizing anticoagulant control.

PMID- 1083036
TI  - [Radiological evaluation of the course of pneumocystosis (author's transl)].
AB  - Serial chest X rays were performed on 124 infants in an orphanage with endemic
      Pneumocystic carinii infection. The infection was serologically and autoptically
      proven in 98 cases. The interstitial infiltrate in the lungs is not specific for
      Pneumocystis carinii infection, but is the result of the host reaction, which
      persists after the antigen has been destroyed. The interstitial infiltrate is
      therefore neither time-related nor diagnostic and cannot be used as a guideline
      for therapy. The treatment of the patient is completed, while the unspecific
      infiltrations persist.

PMID- 1083037
TI  - Massive extra-enteric gastrointestinal bleeding: angiographic diagnosis.
AB  - Two patients with massive gastrointestinal bleeding are reported. One bled from
      an aneurysm of a branch of the left hepatic artery, the blood reaching the bowel
      through communication with the biliary tree. The second had an aneurysm of a
      branch of the splenic artery which communicated with the pancreatic duct. This
      type of bleeding is intermittent and, consequently, actual extravasation of
      contrast media is not always seen. Therefore, if one sees an aneurysm of a
      visceral artery, even if it does not directly supply the enteric tract, one
      should consider the possibility that it is the origin of the hemorrhage.
      Pathogenesis, diagnostic modalities, and therapeutic implications are discussed.

PMID- 1083038
TI  - Morphometric study of fine structure of living receptor by cinemicroscopic
      technique.

PMID- 1083039
TI  - [Editorial: Therapy selected by the physician].

PMID- 1083040
TI  - [Diaphragm. 1st contributions: normal weight and metric characteristics].

PMID- 1083041
TI  - [Diagnostic value of pulmonary scintigraphy using MAA-I 131 in stenosis of the
      branch of the pulmonary artery].

PMID- 1083042
TI  - [Labor under continuous epidural anesthesia].

PMID- 1083043
TI  - [Ischemic colitis].

PMID- 1083044
TI  - [Cardiac valve of homologous dura mater in young patients. Study of 14 patients
      under 15 years of age].

PMID- 1083045
TI  - [Hematoma of the rectus abdominal is muscle stimulating acute intraperitoneal
      processes].

PMID- 1083046
TI  - [Measures for the control of tuberculosis in Brazil, using BCG vaccination].

PMID- 1083047
TI  - [Anatomy applied in surgery of the saphenous vein].

PMID- 1083048
TI  - [Scintigraphic diagnosis].

PMID- 1083049
TI  - [Hypoplasia of the infrarenal abdominal aorta].

PMID- 1083050
TI  - [Aortocoronary venous bypass. Anatomopathological study of 6 cases of prolonged
      survival].

PMID- 1083051
TI  - [Liver disease and immunologic response to Australia antigen].

PMID- 1083052
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by descending esophageal varices].

PMID- 1083053
TI  - Action of somatostatin and metiamide on gastric acid secretion from isolated
      bullfrog gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1083054
TI  - [Proliferative ability of lymphocytes obtained from aging rats thymectomized
      during neonatal period].

PMID- 1083055
TI  - [Rheumatoid nodules in children without any other features of systemic disease].

PMID- 1083056
TI  - Environmental Radioactivity in Denmark in 1974.
AB  - The present report deals with the measurement of fall-out radioactivity in
      Denmark in 1974. Strontium-90 was determined in samples from all over the country
      of precipitation, soil, ground water, sea water, grass, dried milk, fresh milk,
      grain, bread, potatoes, vegetables, fruit, total diet, drinking water, and human
      bone. Furthermore, 90Sr was determined in local samples of air, rain water,
      grass, sea plants, fish, and meat. Caesium-137 was determined in soil, sea water,
      milk, grain products, potatoes, vegetables, fruit, total diet, fish, and meat. It
      was also measured by wholebody-counting of a control group at Tiso. Estimates of
      the mean contents of radiostrontium and radiocaesium in the human diet in Denmark
      during 1974 are given. The gamma-background was measured regularly at locations
      around Riso, at ten of the State experimental farms, in one area in Zealand, one
      in Jutland, and along the shores of the Great Belt. Finally the report includes
      routine surveys of environmental samples from the Riso area.

PMID- 1083057
TI  - Environmental Radioactivity in the Faroes in 1974.
AB  - Measurements of fall-out radioactivity in the Faroes in 1974 are presented.
      Strontium-90 (and 137Cs in most cases) was determined in regularly collected
      samples of precipitation, grass, milk, fish, sea water, bread, and drinking
      water. In addition, analyses were made of spotsamples of lamb, potatoes, sea
      plants, vegetables, eggs, and human bone. Estimates are given of the mean
      contents of 90Sr and 137Cs in the human diet in the Faroes in 1974. Whole body
      measurements were made on six individuals from the Faroes.

PMID- 1083058
TI  - Environmental radioactivity in Greenland in 1974.
AB  - Measurements of fall-out radioactivity in Greenland in 1974 are reported.
      Strontium-90 (and Caesium-137 in most cases) was determined in samples of
      precipitation, sea water, vegetation, animals, and drinking water. Estimates are
      given of the mean contents of 90Sr and 137Cs in the human diet in Greenland in
      1974. Three Greenlanders were measured by wholebody counting.

PMID- 1083059
TI  - [Demonstration of Australia antigen in a rheumatologic population].
AB  - The authors looked for Australia antigen in a population of 578 rheumatic
      patients, 300 of whom were polyarthritic, by electrosyneresis and complement
      fixation methods. Australia antigen was found in 26 patients, and anti-Australia
      antibodies in 33 patients. Most of these patients were suffering from rheumatoid
      polyarthritis--22 presented hepatic disturbance, and 28 had undergone surgical
      operations, blood transfusions, and repeated hospitalization. The presence of
      Australia antigen did not in any case appear to play a role in the development of
      the lesions, apart from the occurrence of signs of hepatic lesions, but appeared
      to be an indicator of a form of hospitalization.

PMID- 1083060
TI  - Organ non-specific humoral immunity during ageing.

PMID- 1083061
TI  - Electroimmunoassay of alpha1-antitrypsin with high precision.
AB  - A modification of the electroimmunoassay of alpha1-antitrypsin is described. A
      fixed amount of the antigen is removed by addition of antibody to standards and
      samples before elctrophoresis. By changing the dilution procedure, the whole area
      of the gel plate is used for measurements within a small concentration interval.
      The measurement range can be changed by the addition of different amounts of
      antibody. The precision is increased about three fold, with a coefficient of
      variation within series of 0.6% to 1.2% and between series of 0.6% to 0.7%. This
      improvement in precision can be used to increase the significance of measured
      differences in alpha1-antitrypsin concentrations. The possibility of obtaining
      the same precision by an increased number of replicate analyses by the normal
      electroimmunoassay is discussed.

PMID- 1083062
TI  - Acquired von Willebrand's syndrome and thrombopathy in a patient with chronic
      lymphocytic leukaemia.
AB  - This paper reports the biological data found during an acquired bleeding disorder
      occurring in a 65-year-old woman affected with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
      They consists of haemostatic abnormalities which resemble an presently
      undescribed association of an acquired von Willebrand's syndrome with a
      thrombopathy. von Willebrand abnormalities were temporarily corrected by infusion
      of normal cryoprecipitate and reproduced in vitro by the incubation of normal
      platelets with the patient's IgA. The platelet defect was partially corrected
      after corticotherapy. The possible relationship of the associated defects is
      discussed.

PMID- 1083063
TI  - Measurement of anti-DNA by complement fixation precipitation, passive
      hemagglutination, counter-immunoelectrophoresis, and immunosorbant assays.

PMID- 1083064
TI  - Frequency of anti-DNA antibodies in SLE. RA and other diseases. Experience wiht
      the ammonium sulphate precipitation technique.

PMID- 1083065
TI  - Longitudinal studies of anti-DNA antibody levels in SLE.

PMID- 1083066
TI  - Role of DNA-anti-DNA complexes in the immunopathogenesis of tissue injury in
      systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1083067
TI  - Pulmonary circulation in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency investigated by
      cinedensigraphy.
AB  - The series consisted of eight cases of severe serum alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
      (Piz homozygosity) and eight lung patients with a heterozygous level of the
      compound. The regional blood pulsation pattern in the lungs in the recumbent
      position was compared with the pattern in a group of normal controls using a
      cinedensigraphic device specially constructed for lung circulation studies. In
      the homozygous group, pulsation in the lower part of the lungs was significantly
      weakened to the benefit of the apical part. Individual variations occurred. The
      disturbance observed was not altered with oxygen breathing. This phenomenon is
      analogous to the redistribution of the blood flow demonstrated by scintigraphic
      methods. The heterozygous group did not differ significantly from the normal
      controls with regard to regional pulsation pattern.

PMID- 1083068
TI  - Visual tracking and the primate flocculus.
AB  - Purkinje cells in the primate flocculus discharge specifically in relation to
      visual tracking, effectively generating a velocity profile of the target during
      pursuit. It is suggested that these neurons supply oculomotor centers with the
      velocity command signals needed to support pursuit eye movements.

PMID- 1083069
TI  - Immunoglobulin-receptors revisited.

PMID- 1083070
TI  - A cytoplasmic factor promoting oocyte maturation: its extraction and preliminary
      characterization.
AB  - Cytoplasm of maturing amphibian oocytes possesses a factor that induces germinal
      vesicle breakdown. This factor was extracted from Rana pipiens eggs and assayed
      by microinjection in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The activity of this factor is Mg
      dependent, Ca-sensitive, and associated with heat-labile protein. Centrifugation
      on a sucrose density gradient revealed that the factor exists in three different
      molecular sizes.

PMID- 1083071
TI  - Carbohydrate deficiency of the factor VIII/von Willebrand factor Protein in von
      Willebrand's disease variants.
AB  - Study of the normal human factor VIII/von Willebrand factor reveals a
      macromolecular glycoprotein composed of apparently identical subunits. This
      purified glycoprotein has procoagulant, antigen, and von Willebrand factor
      activities. In three patients with a variant of the von Willebrand's disease
      syndrome, their factor VIII/von Willebrand factor protein was present in normal
      amounts and had normal procoagulant and antigen activities; however, this protein
      was deficient in both carbohydrate and von Willebrand factor activity. The
      carbohydrate portion of the factor VIII/von Willebrand factor glycoprotein is of
      major importance in its interactions with platelets or the blood vessel wall, or
      both.

PMID- 1083072
TI  - [Effects of the Aix-les-Bains thermal cure and of water therapy on the mineral
      metabolism of patients with rheumatism].

PMID- 1083073
TI  - Problem-oriented clinicopathologic conference: aortic insufficiency and coma in a
      39-year-old woman.

PMID- 1083074
TI  - [Massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage--our experiences].

PMID- 1083075
TI  - In vitro lymphocyte reactivity and T cell levels in patients with melanoma:
      correlations with clinical and pathological stage.
AB  - In vitro lymphocyte reactivity (LR) to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and peripheral
      blood thymus-dependent lymphocyte (T cell) levels were determined in 42 tumor
      bearing patients with clinically operable melanoma and were compared to 41 age
      matched normal controls. Patients with tumors clinically confined to the primary
      site (Stage I) as a group had normal immune reactivity and T cell levels, and
      those with regional metastases by clinical assessment (Stage II) had relatively
      impaired LR and T cell levels. In six of 24 patients with clinical Stage II
      tumors, widespread metastases (Stage III) subsequently were found. The severe
      immune defects in this group with occult disseminated melanoma accounted for the
      impaired LR and low T cell levels in the group with clinical Stage II tumors.
      Although overlapping levels of LR and T cells in the patients with pathological
      Stage II and III tumors prevent use of the data as a determinant of tumor extent
      in individual patients, the results show that these in vitro assays define a
      relation between cellular immunocompetence and tumor burden in patients with
      melanoma.

PMID- 1083076
TI  - Editorial: Visceral angiography.

PMID- 1083077
TI  - Suppressor activity of the human spleen and thymus.
AB  - Both the spleen and thymus of man contain a population of cells which can
      suppress the mixed lymphocyte reaction. Splenic cells suppress the MLC 58 +/- 4.8
      percent, and the thymus is able to suppress the MLC 90 +/- 2.6 percent. However,
      splenic cells require stimulation by vegetable mitogens before suppressor
      activity can be observed, and the thymus displays spontaneous suppressor activity
      without prior stimulation. The suppressor effect is linearly related to the log
      of the cell dose (r = 0.8, p less than 0.01), and at low doses the suppressor
      cells stimulate rather than inhibit the MLC. The cells are exquisitely sensitive
      to immunosuppressive drugs, and blood levels encountered in clinical organ
      transplantation abrogate their suppressive activity. The suppressive activity of
      the cells is nonspecific, and they are able to inhibit the MLC between
      individuals totally unrelated to the spleen or thymus donor. Since these cells
      likely play a role in the development of tolerance, further characterization of
      their properties is required.

PMID- 1083078
TI  - Gastric infarction after therapeutic embolization.
AB  - A case of extensive gastric necrosis after therapeutic transcatheter embolization
      of the left gastric artery with fragments of gelatin sponge for recurrent massive
      upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is reported. Although future modifications in
      technique and in choice of embolic agents undoubtedly will be forthcoming,
      postembolic ischemic necrosis may prove to be a major limitation of this
      technique. Until more widespread experience is accumulated and the frequency of
      postembolic ischemic necrosis is known, it would seem prudent to reserve this
      procedure for those patients presenting prohibitive surgical risks.

PMID- 1083079
TI  - [Letter: Open letter to Professor Erik Kass, M.D].

PMID- 1083080
TI  - [Bleeding esophageal varices. Diagnosis and treatment].

PMID- 1083081
TI  - [Diagnosis and treatment of septic haemophilus influenzae arthritis and
      osteomyelitis in children].

PMID- 1083082
TI  - The Kartagener syndrome.

PMID- 1083083
TI  - [Reconstruction of the diaphragm with a pericardial flap after radical
      pleuropneumonectomy for malignant pleural mesothelioma (author's transl)].
AB  - Pleuropneunomectomy with resection of the diaphragm only offers acceptable
      therapeutic results in patients with multifocal malignant mesothelioma of the
      pleura. Diaphragmatic replacement on the right side can be satisfactorily
      achieved by fixation of the liver to the thoracic wall. On the left side many
      homologous and heterologous tissues and prosthetic adjungts have been suggested
      with varying success. This report describes technique and results in two patients
      where the broad pedicled left hemipericard was successfully used to replace the
      resected left diaphragm.

PMID- 1083084
TI  - [Complications after thoraco-retroperitoneal nephrectomy (author's transl)].
AB  - We are of the opinion that for large kidney tumors in the upper region as the
      afflicted venous portions, the most advantageous incision is a thoraco-retro-
      peritoneal one. It allows the surgeon total freedom of movement and ensures
      reliable radical tumor-nephrectomy, as well as reconstruction possibilities in
      the large vessels. Of course, use of this incision is not without complications.
      They appear, however, not as often as opponents of this method would suppose.
      There are other statistics to support our convictions (4). From the check-ups of
      our thoraco-retroperitoneal nephrectomy patients, we are able to surmise the
      following: - The post operative mortality rate is not increased with this method.
      The cause for the mortalities are, as far as one can tell, old age and/or a
      generally poor condition piror to nephrectomy. - Post operative complications due
      to access though the thorax are very few. Not one patient had to be re-operated,
      punctured, or treated using suction drainage. No respiratory difficulties were
      observed. - Post operative complications from the wound were naturally relative
      to the extent of the incision. It was also here unnecessary to perform a second
      operation except in one case of a retroperitoneal hematoma from heparinization.
      This complication was not the result of this particular incision.

PMID- 1083085
TI  - [Pulmonary glomangiosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical aspects, differential diagnosis and aetiology of the rare pulmonary
      glomangiosis are described by means of four cases observed in our clinic. It is a
      hamartogenous stenosing disease of the lungvessels, appearing predominately in
      children who suffer from congenital heart disease. It leads to pulmonary
      hypertension. The pulmonary glomangiosis is of practical importance: By
      palliative operation as the banding of the pulmonary artery the demand
      hypertension in the pulmonary circulation is suppressed artificially, so that in
      heavy cases a sufficient oxygenation is not provided, and the children die in the
      postoperative period. From the surgical aspect such a disease of the pulmonary
      vessels has to be supposed when the blood pressure distally of the experimentally
      banded pulmonary artery drops insufficiently. The authors recommend to exclude
      the disease of the vessels by excicion of lungtissue and immediate histologic
      investigation before the final banding is performed.

PMID- 1083086
TI  - [Meningial hemangiopericytoma with two-term late metastasis in lung and thoracic
      wall (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of two-term thoraco-pulmonary late metastasis after a meningial
      hemangiopericytoma which had been treated surgically 16 years before is
      described. Histological features, biological behavior, and problems of late
      metastasis and of surgical treatment of metastasis are discussed.

PMID- 1083087
TI  - [Secondary isophageal reconstruction after resection of a cardia carcinoma
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Following abdomino-thoracical total gastrectomy and partial resection of the
      esophagus performed because of the presence of a stomac cancer located in the
      upper part of the organ an attempt was made to execute from a left sided
      thoracotomy an esophago-jejunostomy. During which it was found that the
      previously prepared loop of the jejunum was too short. The execution of a colon
      interposition in this particular operational state would have been too demanding
      on the patient; therefore the operation was concluded with a blind closure of the
      distal end of the esophagus and a jejunostomy (discussion of the resultant
      problems included in paper). The reconstruction of the digestive tract by
      retrosternal colon interposition a few weeks after the resection of the cancer
      proceeded without complication and with consequently excellent functional effect.

PMID- 1083088
TI  - [Esophagopleural fistula associated with postprandial syncopes. A late
      complication after pneumonectomy (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of esophagopleural fistula in a 54-year-old man who underwent
      pneumonectomy for bronchogenic carcinoma is described. As uncommon and hitherto
      unknown complications postprandial syncopes and a letal arrosion of the right
      cardiac atrium occurred. The pathogenesis of the esophagopleural fistula, the
      clinical features, and the pathophysiological mechanism of the swallow syncope
      are discussed.

PMID- 1083089
TI  - [Diagnostical and therapeutical aspects of post-traumatical endobronchial
      bleeding (author's transl)].
AB  - Post-traumatic endobronchial bleeding is a serious concomitant injury in thoracic
      traumas. Untreated cases are threatened early with pulmonary insufficiency caused
      by the displacement of a blood clot with in the respiratory tract.
      Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of the post-traumatic endobronchial
      bleeding are discussed. Conservative and surgical measures are discussed on the
      basis of 15 observations. The prognosis of the endobronchial bleeding depends
      decisevly on the length of its existence and intensity. Conservative or operative
      procedure should be decided on the basis of repeated endoscopical controls. A
      liberal attitude towards the operative therapy is recomended.

PMID- 1083090
TI  - [A different approach in the treatment of aneurysms of the ascending aorta
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A safe method in therapy of the ascending aortic aneurysm by partial resection
      and reconstruction combined with reinforcement by a nylon net is described. Seven
      patients were operated upon without hospital mortality. Early operation is
      recommended, when there is only slight aortic insufficiency. In such a situation
      it is possible to reinforce the ascending aorta without ECC, to stabilize the
      progress of widening the ascending aorta and the aortic root.

PMID- 1083091
TI  - [Surgery for atrial septal defect in patients over 40 years of age (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Between 1961 and 1972, 354 patients with atrial septal defect ware treated
      surgically. Of these 80 patients were aged over 40 years at the time of
      operation. The hospital mortality was 5%. 2 of these patients had a increased
      preoperative pulmonary artery systolic pressure (50-75 mmHg), the other 2 had a
      mitral or tricuspid incompetence. At late follow-up 82% of patients were
      symptomfree, 18% had slight clinical signs of breathlesness on exertion. The
      heart size decreased in 37 of 40 patients, the electrocardiographis signs of
      right ventricular hypertrophy in 23 patients. There was no influence on
      preexistant dysrhythmias by the operation. It is concluded that patients with
      atrial septal defect in this age group benefit from surgical closure of the
      defect.

PMID- 1083092
TI  - [Ethiology and treatment of pleural empyema after thoracic surgery (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Between 1961 and 1974 a total of 29 patients have been treated for empyema after
      lung resection. Pneumonectomy for bronchus carcinoma had been previously
      performed in 19 patients, partial resection of the lung in ten. In the majority
      of cases a technical insufficiency was at last partially responsible for
      appearance of empyema. Differentiation between empyema after pneumonectomy and
      empyema in patients with residual lung parenchyma has proved to be of advantage.
      As to predisposing factors, treatment and prognosis of empyema in cases with
      residual parenchyma is comparable to regular pulmonary empyema. Empyema after
      pneumectomy however is different in treatment and prognosis. Irrigation of the
      infected thoracic cavity either by repeated punction and/or by continous through
      drainage is helpful and improves the otherwise poor prognosis.

PMID- 1083093
TI  - [Ultrastructure of an atrial myxoma (author's transl)].
AB  - Electron microscopic examination of a surgically removed atrial myxoma showed,
      besides fibrocytes and fibroblasts, mainly isolated smooth muscle cells arranged
      in solid cellstrands. They are responsible for collagen-and elastin-synthesis.
      They are presumed to arise from subendocardial smooth muscle cells and considered
      to be neoplastic.

PMID- 1083094
TI  - [Microparticles in heart operations with extracorporal circulation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Disturbances of the microcirculation during extracorporal circulation are not yet
      clearly understood. Many authors think that microembolism is reposible. In two
      groups of patients with different perfusion techniques we were looking for
      microparticles with a new constant pressure filtration method using the
      Agglometer r apparatus. During the by-pass no particles were found. Yet, we found
      particles in the priming when blood was used, in the suction blood and in special
      blood samples after contact with the pericardium. In these cases it was always
      possible to eliminate the particles with special filters. The particles in the
      suction blood seemed to originate from the extracardial blood portion coming from
      the pericardium. This portion seemed to be responsible for postoperative
      complications such as hemolysis and petechia. These complications could not be
      seen when extracardiac suction blood was eliminated or filtrated.

PMID- 1083095
TI  - [Traumatic hamolysis of verious heart-lung-machines on oxygenators (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 1250 protocols of heart-lung-machines, taken between 1962-1974, underwent a
      variance analysis. The results show that rollerpumps with high pumpvolumes (80
      ccm) are not significantly lower hemolytic than rollerpumps with a pumpvolume of
      40 ccm. The hemolysis stands in direct proportion to the blood flow.
      Membranoxygenators effect a less traumatisation than screen- and
      bubbleoxygenators. Furthermore the use of fresh ACD-blood shows a lower hemolysis
      than hemodilution and older ACD stored blood. Type and age of the vitium have no
      influence on the traumatic hemolysis. The use of the orthograde perfusion is
      significantly better than the retrograde perfusion; the use of blood-filters is
      no cause for traumatic hemolysis. The above mentioned results are in accordance
      to literature, but the facts cannot be objectivated that easily than in invitro
      experiments.

PMID- 1083096
TI  - [Effectiveness of local and parenteral antibiotics in infection of aortic dacron
      grafts (author's transl)].
AB  - The effectiveness of local and parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis in infections of
      aortic dacron grafts was tested in animal experiments. In 20 foxhounds Dacron
      interpositions, 4 cms in length, were inoculated with 50 million Staph aureus
      bacteria and then treated in 4 different ways: Nr. 1-5 no antibiotic treatment.
      Nr. 6-10 local antibiotic (Nebacetin, R) treatment. Nr 11-15 parenteral treatment
      with Gramaxin (R) i.m. Nr. 16-20 combined Nebacetin (R) and Gramaxin (R)
      treatment. The untreated dogs developed infection of laparotomy wounds,
      peritoneum udn prosthesis. Nebacetin gave improved results, whereas Gramaxin led
      to complete eradication of the infection. It is concluded, that antibiotic
      prophylaxis should be applied in vascular surgery, whenever alloplastic,
      homologous or autologous implants are used.

PMID- 1083097
TI  - [Acupuncture analgesia for open heart surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - The first clinical results of 100 patients, operated since November 1973 using
      ECC and acupuncture anesthesia are reported. The method of combined chinese and
      european procedures of analgesia is described. Advantages and problems of the new
      method are discussed.

PMID- 1083098
TI  - [Compromised lumen of ectopic left circumflex coronary artery by prosthetic valve
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Implantation of an aortic valve prosthesis in patient with aberrant left
      circumflex coronary artery arising from the initial portion of the right coronary
      artery resulted in compression of this vessel by the prosthetic valve and in pump
      failure after interruption of cardiopulmonary bypass. Incidence and significance
      of variations in coronary artery origin and course are mentioned.

PMID- 1083099
TI  - [The nursing plan in practice].

PMID- 1083100
TI  - Release and retention of labelled DNA in the thymus and spleen of irradiated
      mice.
AB  - The process of release and retention of labelled DNA in thymus and spleen of
      normal and irradiated (60Co) mice has been studied after administration of 3H
      thymidine. The results indicate that the dividing fraction of lymphoid cells is
      more resistant to radiation than the fraction of nondividing lymphocytes. The
      time courses of the specific activities of DNA in thymus and spleen were
      different especially after irradiation with lethal doses. It is suggested that
      the process of depletion in the lymphoid series is probably similar for both
      thymus and spleen but, the different cellular composition of these organs led to
      apparently unrelated results.

PMID- 1083101
TI  - Receptive field response of LGB neurons during vestibular stimulation in awake
      cats.

PMID- 1083102
TI  - Achromatic points in protanopes and deuteranopes.

PMID- 1083103
TI  - Persons injured and disability days by detailed type and class of accident; 
      United States-1972-1972.

PMID- 1083104
TI  - Serum uric acid values of youths 12-17 years. United States.

PMID- 1083105
TI  - Inpatient utilization of sort-stay hospitals by diagnosis;  United States-1972.

PMID- 1083106
TI  - Quality control in the hospital discharge survey.

PMID- 1083107
TI  - Development of the national inventory of family planning services, United States.

PMID- 1083108
TI  - Selected operating and financial characteristics of nursing homes, United States:
      1973-74 National Nursing Home Survey.

PMID- 1083109
TI  - [Change in the reactivity of the vestibular analyzer under hypoxic conditions].

PMID- 1083110
TI  - [Effect of long flights on the functional state of the vestibular analyzer].

PMID- 1083111
TI  - [Errors in diagnosis of rheumatism].

PMID- 1083112
TI  - [Socio-hygienic aspects of rheumatology].

PMID- 1083113
TI  - [Changes of the latent period of M-response of the mimetic muscles during
      treatment of facial neuralgia with the aid of electric stimulation].

PMID- 1083114
TI  - [Case of pseudotumor cerebri with recurrences].

PMID- 1083115
TI  - [Use of the proteinase inhibotor pantinol in surgery].

PMID- 1083116
TI  - [Experiences with esophago-gastro-bulboscopy from the internal medicine
      viewpoint].

PMID- 1083117
TI  - [Spinal cord injuries].

PMID- 1083118
TI  - [Therapy of bleeding esophageal varices in childhood using Vossschulte's
      dissection ligation].

PMID- 1083119
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis--pancreas necrosis].

PMID- 1083120
TI  - [Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083121
TI  - [Membrane model in the presentation of surface immunoglobulin on human
      lymphocytes with peroxidase cabeled antibodies].
AB  - For the demonstration of B-lymphocytes the direct immune peroxydase technique
      with anti-human IgM was used. In contrast to the biochemical and immunological
      controls in 11.1% of 30 normal persons positive membrane reactions could be
      proved without doubt. A certain distinction from other white blood cells and
      falsely positive contrast reactions is possible by means of counterstain with
      genuine nuclear red and after contrastation with osmium tetroxyde. The method
      described has a large number of advantages compared with other methods of the
      determination of B-cells, which appear usable for the clinician above all on
      account of the relevance to practice.

PMID- 1083122
TI  - [Vertigo].

PMID- 1083123
TI  - [Dynamics of vestibular disorders and bioelectric activity of the brain in
      patients with hypertension treated in the biotron].

PMID- 1083124
TI  - [Thymus-dependent lymphocytes in the palatine tonsils of patients with chronic
      tonsillitis].

PMID- 1083125
TI  - [Changes in auditory and vestibular analyzers and means of their prevention in
      riveters].

PMID- 1083126
TI  - [Rheumatic diseases: a public health problem (author's transl)].
AB  - This study surveys the main quantitative data of the literature concerning the
      morbidity and the functional and socio-economic influence of rheumatic diseases.
      The cost of medical care and the functional and socio-economic repercussions
      entailed by these diseases represent a heavy burden on the community. In France,
      epidemiological surveys must be carried out, which will include medical
      attendance rates, sickness incapacity and statistics on disability. Once the
      amplitude of this problem is determined, it must be communicated to the general
      public, using sanitary education techniques, and an influence must be exerted on
      the authorities to undertake a general campaign against rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1083127
TI  - [Stimulation of immunoglobin synthesis and rheumatoid-factor production by
      rheumatoid synovial effusions and by supernatants of synovial tissue cultures].
AB  - Factors capable of stimulating the synthesis of immunoglobulin by circulating
      human lymphocytes, as measured by a radioactive immune coprecipitation method,
      have been demonstrated in rheumatoid synovial eeffusions but not in effusions
      from patients with other arthritides. The activity of the ffusions was localized
      in two fractions eluted from an agarose A 5m column: fraction II eluting with IgM
      and fraction E eluting with albumin. Fraction II enhanced immunoglobulin
      synthesis only in circulating rheumatoid lymphocytes, while fraction V enhanced
      immunoglobulin synthesis in both rheumatoid and normal lymphocytes. Similar
      active fractions were found in culture supernatants of rheumatoid synovial
      tissue. Enhanced immunoglobulin synthesis was also observed following addition of
      aggregated IgG to rheumatoid lymphocytes. Finally, increased synthesis of anti
      IgG (rheumatoid factor) was observed following addition of fractions II and V to
      rheumatoid but not to normal lymphocytes. The possible relationship of the active
      material in fraction II to IgG-containing immune complexes and the active
      material in fraction V to a T cell produced lymphokine-like mediator of T cell
      function are discussed. The findings presented provide evidence that in addition
      to antigenic stimulation, the action of one or more enhancing factors liberated
      by antigen stimulated mononuclear cells, possibly T lymphocytes, plays a role in
      the immunoglobulin synthesis observed in rheumatoid synovial tissue.

PMID- 1083128
TI  - [Changes in the cytokinetics of Mott's cells following sensitization to BCG under
      conditions of preliminary treatment of rats with soluble antigens of
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis].
AB  - The effect of pretreatment with tuberculins on BCG sensitization of rats was
      expressed in the transformation of precursors into Mott's cells. The tuberculins,
      particularly the old tuberculin, inhibited the MC-reaction; this seems to be
      connected with the tolerogenic action of the mycobacterial polysaccharides. An
      attempt was made to interpret the results from the point of view of the three
      component system of the lymphoid cell cooperation during the formation of humoral
      antibodies, taking into account the competitive antagonistic relations between
      the delayed hypersensitivity (DH) and the humoral immunity. It postulated that
      this competition is effectuated through the repression of the B cell function by
      the T1 lymphocyte killer effectors of the DH committed to the same antigen
      against which the "blasts" or the plasmoblasts (subsequently transformed into MC)
      were produced. The author believes the latter to be the cells in which specific
      antiboty synthesis was blocked in the statu nascendi due to ectopic (not in the
      Golgi zone, but in the cisterns of the rough reticulum) and an excessive complex
      assembly of polysaccharides with the peptide chains of immunoglobulins.

PMID- 1083129
TI  - [Immunobiological and physiological significance of the thymus].

PMID- 1083130
TI  - [Study of the immunodepressive effect of passive immunization on a model of
      adaptive immunity].
AB  - The effect of various doses of specific serum administered in passive
      immunization on the formation of primary and secondary adaptive immunity in mice
      of the CBA strain was studied. Primary and secondary response was more sensitive
      to passive immunization on a model of adaptive immunity than in vivo. Most
      sensitive to the immunodepressive action of specific antibodies IgM and IgG were
      plaque-forming cells, and most resistant -- rosette-forming cells and cells. This
      led to a supposition that antibodies administered in passive immunization
      depressed the development of the immunological response acting at the level of T-
      and B cells.

PMID- 1083131
TI  - The problem orientated medical record. Implications for medical education and
      clinical care.

PMID- 1083132
TI  - A clinical experiment with the problem oriented medical record.

PMID- 1083133
TI  - [Some problems of the problem oriented medical record. Report on an experiment].

PMID- 1083134
TI  - Problems of implementation of the problem orientated medical record.

PMID- 1083135
TI  - [Granulopoiesis in human cyclic hematopoiesis: bone marrow colony forming cells
      and possible humoral regulators (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083136
TI  - [A critical review of congenital tritan defect (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083137
TI  - [Experimental studies on colour vision with mixture of colour lights. Report 2.
      Colour vision of congenital colour vision deficiencies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083138
TI  - [Experimental studies on colour vision with mixture of colour lights. Report 3.
      Colour vision of acquired colour vision dificiencies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083139
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass surgery: Correlation of angiographic symptomatic and
      functional improvement at 1 year.
AB  - Angiographic changes in the coronary circulation were evaluated in 60 patients 1
      year after aortocoronary bypass surgery, and their relation to the postoperative
      clinical status was examined. Of 124 grafts implanted, 26 were closed, 7 stenotic
      and 91 (74 percent) patent at 1 year. Progression of occlusive disease occurred
      in 21 of 57 (37 percent) nongrafted and 78 of 123 (63 percent) grafted vessels.
      On the basis of location and severity of progression, significant lesions
      bypassed and patency of grafts, postoperative coronary perfusion was considered
      optimal in 16 patients (Group I), better in 24 (Group III). Complete freedom from
      chest pain or lessening of pain (improvement by two New York Heart Association
      functional classes) occurred in 88 and 79 percent of patients in Group III.
      Positive preoperative treadmill stress tests became negative after surgery in
      five of six patients in Group I, five of eight in Grojp II and three of eight in
      Group III. This study demonstrates that when progression of disease, graft
      patency and extent of revasculariztion are considered in combination, the
      postoperative angiographic status of the coronary circulation correlates well
      with clinical improvement at 1 year. These findings support the hypothesis that
      improved blood supply to ischemic myocardium is a major factor contributing to
      relief of angina pectoris after saphenous vein bypass surgery.

PMID- 1083140
TI  - Chronic carriers of hepatitis B antigen (HBsAg). Histological, biochemical, and
      immunological findings in 31 voluntary blood donors.
AB  - Among 289 HBsAg carriers detected by the Montreal Red Cross Blood Transfusion
      Service and seen by our group, 31 submitted voluntarily to liver biopsy. These 31
      carriers have now been followed for 10-33 months (mean: 23) and all remained
      positive for HBsAg. 15 of these 31 subjects had lived in institutions during
      infancy or childhood and none were drug users. Histological examinations revealed
      24 cases of chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 2 cases of chronic aggressive
      hepatitis, 2 with steatosis, and 3 with normal liver. On repeated determination,
      16 of the 31 subjects had at least one elevated transaminase level. Transaminases
      levels could not be correlated with the histological diagnosis. 4 cases had
      positive antinuclear antibodies, all in the CPH group, a finding that could not
      be correlated with any clinical, biological, or histological findings. The search
      for other autoantibodies and the immunoglobulin determinations were totally
      unrewarding. Thus, it appears that chronic HBsAg carriers in Montreal voluntary
      blood donors often have chronic hepatitis, usually persistent, occasionally
      aggressive; liver biopsy still remains the most useful approach in the evaluation
      of these HBsAg carriers. The HBsAg-carrier state seems to be well tolerated, but
      further long-term studies are needed to understand the natural history of this
      condition.

PMID- 1083141
TI  - Autoimmune factors in African cirrhosis. Correlation with hepatitis B surface
      antigen and antibody.
AB  - Sera were tested for autoantibodies in 98 patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis in
      Uganda and results correlated with serological tests for hepatitis B surface
      antigen (HBs Ag) and antibody to HBs Ag (HBs Ab). Smooth muscle antibodies (SMA)
      were detected in 23 (24%) of the patients but there was no difference in the
      incidence of SMA between HBs Ag-positive and negative cases. Antinuclear
      antibodies (ANA) were detected in five cases; mitochondrial, gastric and thyroid
      antibodies were not found in any patient. Unlike other geographical locations
      autoimmune mechanisms appear to play little part in the progression of chronic
      liver disease in Uganda Africans. Hepatitis B surface antigen was present in 36
      (37%) and HBs Ab in 47 (48%) of the patients. Although evidence for past exposure
      to hepatitis B virus (as shown by detection of HBs Ab) was present in at least 30
      out of the 62 HBs Ag-negative cases, there was no greater incidence of
      autoantibodies in HBs Ag-negative patients with or without HBs Ab. Persistent
      infection with hepatitis B virus and continuing liver damage may be an important
      factor but these results do not favor a role for the virus in causing chronic
      liver disease by triggering off an autoimmune reaction.

PMID- 1083142
TI  - Relief of angina pectoris in patients with occluded coronary bypass grafts.
AB  - Thirty-two patients from a larger series of subjects undergoing routine
      postoperative evaluation of the aortocoronary saphenous bypass graft procedure
      were found to have one (20 patients) or all (12 patients) of the implanted grafts
      totally occluded. Such occlusion occurred in association with persistent
      postoperative subjective improvement manifested by a significant diminution or
      complete disappearance of angina pectoris. Postoperative myocardial infarction
      was documented in only seven cases, and the possibility of successful partial
      revascularization could be logically applied to only 20 of these 32 patients.
      Other suggested mechanisms for relief of angina pectoris in this setting are
      mentioned, although none is scientifically proved. It is concluded that (1) the
      marked subjective improvement documented in this population does not universally
      correlate with anatomic success and that (2) a diminution in the degree of angina
      pectoris cannot be clinically applied as a reliable indicator of postoperative
      graft patency.

PMID- 1083143
TI  - Diagnosis of von Willebrand's disease. A comparative study of diagnostic tests on
      nine families with von Willebrand's disease and its differential diagnosis from
      hemophilia and thrombocytopathy.
AB  - Nine probands with von Willebrand's disease, and their family members, totalling
      43 people, were examined. Twenty-seven had a history of bleeding; 29 had an
      increased factor VIII activity:factor VIII related antigen ratio; 24 had a
      decreased factor VIII related antigen; 23 had a prolonged bleeding time; 19 had a
      reduced platelet adhesiveness; 16 had a decreased factor VIII activity; and 14
      had an abnormal ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation. Eight members with both
      normal beleeding time and normal factor VIII activity were found to have other
      abnormal tests: elevated ratio of factor VIII activity to factor VIII related
      antigen in seven; decreased factor VIII related antigen in four; and reduced
      platelet adhesiveness in one. Therefore, ratio of factor VIII activity to factor
      VIII related antigen and factor VIII related antigen are more sensitive and may
      be used for the detection of heterozygous carriers of von Willebrand's disease.
      Although patients with thrombocytopathy may have a prolonged bleeding time,
      decreased platelet adhesiveness and reduced platelet aggregation by ristocetin,
      their factor VIII activity, factor VIII related antigen and ratio of factor VIII
      activity to factor VIII related antigen are normal and their abnormal ristocetin
      test cannot be corrected by the addition of factor VIII concentrate. Hemophilic
      subjects and hemophilic carriers, who are deficient in factor VIII activity,
      usually have a normal bleeding time, normal platelet adhesiveness, and normal
      ristocetin test. In contrast to patients with von Willebrand's disease, their
      factor VIII related antigen is normal or slightly increased and their ratio of
      factor VIII activity to factor VIII related antigen is significantly reduced. We
      conclude that ratio of factor VIII activity to factor VIII related antigen and
      factor VIII related antigen are not only more sensitive but also more specific
      for the diagnosis of von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1083144
TI  - Failure of AHF concentration to control bleeding in von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - A newly available dried concentrate of antihemophilic factor (Profilate, Abbott
      Laboratories) was compared with standard, blood-bank prepared cryoprecipitate in
      the control of bleeding in a patient with von Willebrand's disease. Profilate
      effectively raised plasma levels of factor VIII but produced only half the
      expected increase in plasma ristocetin aggregation factor (RAF), and this RAF did
      not bind readily to the platelets in the presence of ristocetin. Furthermore, the
      Profilate had little effect upon the bleeding time or the clinical hemorrhage. In
      contrast, the cryoprecipitate did increase plasma RAF to the expected level, and
      this RAF bound readily to the patient's platelets in the presence of ristocetin.
      Cryoprecipitate promptly controlled bleeding. We conclude that the RAF present in
      Profilate retains in vitro activity but is incapable of augmenting platelet
      function in vivo.

PMID- 1083145
TI  - Massive intestinal haemorrhages.

PMID- 1083146
TI  - Effects of chlorobutanol and bradykinin on myocardial excitation.
AB  - The negative inotropic effect of a commonly used formulation of bradykinin
      (Sandoz BRS-640) was found to be due to chlorobutanol, a constituent of the
      preparation. Solutions containing up to 100 mug of crystalline bradykinin/ml had
      no effect on tension or action-potential shape. Chlorobutanol (500 mug/ml) caused
      a 30% decrease in contraction amplitude and a 20% increase in action-potential
      duration. Chlorobutanol lowered conduction velocity and induced conduction
      failure and automaticity within isolated ventricular muscle strips. Chlorobutanol
      affected neither positive nor negative treppe. We conclude that bradykinin has no
      direct action on toad, frog, or rat myocardium. However, chlorobutanol does have
      direct effects on myocardial cells, acting on the cell membrane and decreasing
      isometric tension produced by the heart.

PMID- 1083147
TI  - [Treatment of chronic salpingooophoritis during the period of exacerbation].

PMID- 1083148
TI  - [Ultrastructure and certain biological properties of Trichomonas vaginalis
      (electron-microscopic study)].

PMID- 1083149
TI  - Inheritance of acute anterior uveitis and HL-A antigen 27.
AB  - A family study on the inheritance of HL-A antigens and susceptibility to acute
      anterior uveitis is reported. In the 4 families examined, the antigen 27
      (haplotype 2.27) occurred in all of the 7 patients with acute anterior uveitis
      and in 22 of the 33 healthy family members examined. It is suggested that in
      Finns the haplotype 2,27 is linked with genes predisposing the carrier to acute
      anterior uveitis.

PMID- 1083150
TI  - [The influence of cortisone upon the metabolism of surviving lens epithelia and
      iris tissue (author's transl)].
AB  - Warburg experiments showed the oxygen consumption by lens epithelium and iris
      tissue without and after addition of 4 mg methylprednisolone to 100 cc medium. In
      the last case the O2-uptake of the epithelium seemed diminished, that of the iris
      tissue showed significantly reduced to 50%. The determination of the consumption
      of glucose was done by measuring its level in the medium before and after a 5
      day's incubation, without and after addition of 4 mg-% of methylprednisolone, by
      means of the "Merckotest". The consumption of the epithelia lowered to 1/6;
      contrarily rose that of the iris tissue significantly to the double amount. The
      metabolism of the iris tissue showed a good adaptation in compensating a lower
      respiratory activity by a augmented glycolysis, which is impossible to the lens
      epithelium. This may be one of the factors inducing a cortisonic cataract.

PMID- 1083151
TI  - [End position nystagmus caused by prolonged lateral gaze (author's transl)].
AB  - Electronystagmograms were recorded from six normal subjects who had to maintain
      an extreme sideward gaze either in the dark or using a fixation target. End
      position nystagmus occured in three subjects immediately, in two subjects with a
      latency of several seconds, and in one subject with a latency of 90 seconds. The
      nystagmus was typically dissociated and was similar whether the subject viewed a
      fixation point or was recorded from in darkness.

PMID- 1083152
TI  - Ocular involvement in I-cell disease (mucolipidosis II). Light and electron
      microscopic findings.
AB  - A 5 1/2 year old boy with I-cell disease (mucolipidosis II) had bilateral corneal
      haziness, early cortical cataracts and bilateral prominence of his eyes
      associated with shallow bony orbits. He died of pneumonia at age 5 1/2 years.
      Light and electron microscopic examination of the ocular and orbital tissues
      revealed an accumulation of acid mucopolysaccharide positive, hyaluronidase
      resistant material in fibroblasts and histiocytes which had partially replaced
      Bowman's membrane and the anterior stromal cells of the cornea. Similar material,
      as well as glycolipid-like substance, was found in the conjunctiva and in the
      retrobulbar soft tissues.

PMID- 1083153
TI  - [Enzymatic studies in lenses of different breeds of mice (author's transl)].
AB  - Leucinaminopeptidase (LAP), lactatedehydrogenase (LDH) and glucose-6
      phosphatdehydrogenase (GPDH) were analysed in the lenses of two different breeds
      of mice. Compared to the lenses of a control stock (Agnes Blum, Jena), in the
      healthy seeming, heterozygous mice the same activities of LAP, LDH, and GPDH were
      found. But in the breed with evident microphthalmos and cataract LDH was
      increased. Possible connections are discused.

PMID- 1083154
TI  - Measurement of intraocular pressure: a study of its reproducibility.
AB  - Intraocular pressure was measured with Goldmann applanation tonometers by two
      independent examiners in 420 eyes. A difference between measurements of at least
      3 mm Hg occurred in 30% of the eyes. Some evidence suggests that the differences
      between pressure measuremens were caused by actual changes of intraocular
      pressure rather than by instrument inaccuracy of technician error.

PMID- 1083155
TI  - A method for DC-ERG recording of alert humans.
AB  - We developed a technique for DC-coupled ERG recording of the alert human. The
      equipment consists of three units: a new cornea suction glass, a separate
      electrode, and a vacuum control device. We get stable recordings of more than one
      half hour. By comparison with the EOG the identity of the EOG "on"-peak and ERG c
      wave is assured. A fine structure of DC-ERG recording of 100 muV amplitude is
      closely correlated to the variation of the blood pressure in the ophthalmic
      artery. It may either be caused by the variable electric conductivity of the
      eyeball due to the blood pressure or it may reflect a variation of the retinal
      potential itself.

PMID- 1083156
TI  - [Standardized fluorescein injection in serial angiography (author's transl)].
AB  - Maximal initial dye concentration in the retinal arteries is desirable for high
      quality fluorescein Angiograms and is essential for circulation studies. Such
      high initial dye concentrations can only be achieved by a very rapid fluorescein
      injection technique necessitating an automatic injector. A reliable easy to use
      "spring-injector" has been designed for clinical use (Figs. 1 and 2). A
      disposable syringe is driven by a spring contained in a metal cylinder.
      Microswitches are activated by the piston of the injector triggering one exposure
      each at the beginning and at the end of the injection. Time and duration of the
      injection are therby permanently documented on the film. The "Terumo Disposable
      Syringe 10 cc" is used routinely. By interposing a plastic connector between
      syringe and injector-piston the injection-volume can be reduced to 5 ml. With
      diffferent connectors one can inject an volume desired up to 10 ml. The duration
      of the injection can be varied by using different intravenous catheters.
      Routinely the "VYGON Trocaflex catheter Nr. 125.16" with a needle diameter of 1.1
      mm and a length of 30 cm is used resulting in an injection time of 10 ml/1.0 sec
      or 5 ml/0.5 sec. The largest Trocaflex catheter (No. 125.20) will shorten the
      injection time to 10 ml/0.5 sec and 5 ml/0.25 sec respectively. Even faster
      injections can be achieved by shortening the catheter or by using a stronger
      spring. With the described injector, high-speed, well-standardized fluorescein
      injections are possible. The intravenous catheter makes parvenous injections
      impossible and will allow for repeated angiograms even on different days without
      the need for a new venous puncture.

PMID- 1083157
TI  - [Dendritic lesions in herpes simplex infection of the cornea. Scanning and
      transmission-electron microscope findings (author's transl)].
AB  - Thirty rabbits were divided into 10 groups of 3 animals. In the case of each
      animal 1 drop of Herpes virus hominis suspension (HVH) was applied to the intact
      cornea of the right eye. Within the period between the 2nd and 20th day after
      infection occurred, three animals were killed each time and the corneae were
      examined by scanning- and transmission-electron microscope. Circular foci and
      dendritic lesions were observed starting with the 4th day. After the 12th day,
      dendritic lesions could no longer be observed. Circular foci and dendritic
      lesions possess a width of about 200 mu which remains unchanged during the entire
      observation period. The areas of ulceration are obscured by lateral epithelium
      migrations. The observation that epithelial lesions do not change their
      demensions over an extended period of time, speaks for an approximate time
      balance between cellular damage caused by the viruses and the migratory speed of
      the epithelium. This mechanism is disrupted in the neighboring circular foci. The
      cytotoxic effect is predominant. Circular foci are confluent. The dendritic
      lesion so characteristic for herpes simplex infection of the cornea is explained
      by the confluence of several circular foci which are accidentally positioned next
      to each other.

PMID- 1083158
TI  - Observation of injected fluorescein diffusion after laser treatment of cat fundi.
      An experimental study with angiography and microscopy.
AB  - Argon laser coagulations with a power of 100 mW and 300 mW, exposure time 0.02
      and 0.02 sec, and constant spot size of 100 microns were applied on normal cat
      fundi. From 1 and 2 hrs to 7 days after the coagulation, the treated eyes were
      observed angiographically and by fluorescence microscopy after dye injection;
      freeze dried eyes were examined under a fluorescence microscope. Abnormal dye
      leakages originated from the chorid and from retinal vessels were detected in the
      specimens examined within 72 hrs after the coagulation.

PMID- 1083159
TI  - [Keratoprosthes made with soft plastic material--first experiments on animals
      (author's transl)].
AB  - To improve the nutrition of corneal tissue and decrease the extrusion rate in
      keratoprosthesis we developed implants made with HEMA (hydroxy-ethyl
      methacrylate) and inserted these models in rabbit eyes. This soft hydrophilic
      material seemed to be suitable for intraocular implantation because of its
      permeability to small molecules, necessary for the nutrition of cornea, and
      because of its flexibility. Keratoprosthesis with these implants was performed on
      30 rabbits. During an observation period of 21 months we did not observe any
      typical extrusion of the implant. Furthermore it was favorably noted that after
      insertion of the dehydrated prosthesis the HEMA, enlarged by water absorbtion,
      developing a close contact to the surrounding corneal tissue. The risk of
      infection with HEMA keratoprostheses is probably not increased. Further
      investigations are being performed.

PMID- 1083160
TI  - [Microbiologic Investigations of experimental keratoprostheses made with
      hydrophilic plastics (author's transl)].
AB  - The subject of our investigations is the question: is there an increased risk of
      infection with eyes operated on keratoprostheses made with hydrophilic soft
      plastic material (HEMA)? Our first step was an analysis of the normal
      conjunctival spectrum of microorganism of our rabbits, operated and nonoperated.
      Then we made exploratory punctures of the anterior chamber of 7 eyes submitted to
      implantations of HEMA keratoprostheses. During a period of 10 days this puncture
      exudate was incubated in a culture medium. In 6 out of 7 cases, even after 10
      days of incubation, no microorganisms were found. In one case after 72 hours of
      incubation, a poor growth of a staphylococcus was observed. It can be assumed
      that in this case the microorganism entered the anterior chamber during the
      puncture procedure. The results of these investigations confirm the calculation
      that the "pores" of hydrophilic plastic material are too small for penetration of
      microorganism.

PMID- 1083161
TI  - [The alteration of visual evoked potentials in light- and dark-adapted states as
      a measure for the visual field sensibility at elevated intraocular pressure
      (author's transl)].
AB  - On 12 voluntary subjects with normal visual function the intraocular pressure was
      increased dependent on the ophthalmic blood pressure Pm = (Ps + Pd)/2. The visual
      field was tested under this pressure load by means of a subjective method and the
      visual evoked potential was derived under light and dark adaptation. Comparison
      of subjective and objective investigations demonstrated that the different visual
      evoked potentials which are dependent on the state of adaptation are a measure
      for the pressure sensibility of prelaminar optic nerve fibers.

PMID- 1083162
TI  - [Quantitative determination of antiproteinases in human tears (author's transl)].
AB  - By quantitative determination of antiproteinases, i.e. alpha1-antitrypsin, alpha1
      antichymotrypsin, and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor normal values could be
      obtained. The importance of antiproteinases is demonstrated in this paper.
      Especially alpha1-antitrypsin was very easy to quantitate and might be of
      diagnostic interest.

PMID- 1083163
TI  - [A contribution for recording data in strabismus (author's transl)].
AB  - The recording of the data of all investigations in strabismus concomitans
      convergens is done by a formular, which is presented in this paper (Fig. 1). The
      data code is printed on  the backside (Fig. 2). It is possible to evaluate the
      results with this formular in a computer by punch cards. A quick information
      without computer help is possible as well. The methods of recording data used by
      different authors are explained and the advantages and disadvantages are
      discussed.

PMID- 1083164
TI  - [Results of surgical treatment in strabismus convergens (author's transl)].
AB  - In 252 patients with strabismus concomitans convergens the surgical method of the
      combined medial rectus recession and lateral rectus resection (Fig. 1) was
      studied retrospectively. The reduction of the deviation was compared with the
      added displacement of both muscles (Figs. 2 and 3) or the displacement of one
      single muscles (Table 1 and 2). Fig. 4 shows the relation between the recession
      resection and the reduction of the deviation. A formula for this reduction (Z) is
      given: Z=6.7 chi recession (in mm) + 2.2 chi resection (in mm) - 8.1. In long the
      recession is 3 times more effective than the resection. In 61.5% of the patients
      the eyes stood parallel after surgery or a residual deviation up to 5 degrees was
      achieved. There was a little difference in the total results of the first (1
      week) and the second (6 months) postoperative control. Major differences occurred
      when comparing single data.

PMID- 1083165
TI  - HLA-compatible donor cornea for prevention of allograft reaction.
AB  - Our series comprises 80 penetrating grafts. Of the recipient corneas 36 were
      vascularized. Of the donor corneas 48 were fresh and 32 were cryopreserved. As
      prophylaxis, we gave topical and systemic prednisolone, combined, in heavily
      vascularized cases, with azathioprine. Corneal donor-recipient pairs were divided
      into three groups according to HLA histocompatibility. In Group I  (0-1 mismatch)
      the rate of allograft reaction was 1 in 27, in Group II (2-4 mismatches) it was 4
      in 19, and in the untyped Group III 9 in 34. Even when the prognosis was poor, a
      well-matched donor cornea (Group I) greatly improved the chances of success; when
      the corneal bed was vascularized, the well-matched donor corneas had a failure
      rate of 1 in 13, whereas in untyped pairs it was 7 in 18. The importance of
      possible presensitization is discussed.

PMID- 1083166
TI  - Glaucomatous cupping of the human optic disk: a neuro-histologic study.
AB  - The optic nerve and optic disk in 20 cases of glaucoma were examined
      neurohistologically. The interruption of retinal axons was found localized in a
      narrow transversal strip at the level of the posterior part of the lamina
      cribrosa and immediately behind it. Retinal axons anterior to this zone were
      mostly intact as long as their ganglion cells of origin were preserved. This
      picture was essentially identical in cases of primary and secondary glaucoma. The
      significance of this finding is discussed together with some hypotheses on the
      origin and causes of the glaucomatous cupping of the optic disk.

PMID- 1083167
TI  - The influence of age on the chronatic aberration of the eye.
AB  - The axial chromatic aberration of the eye was measured in 58 persons varying from
      10 to 80 years of age. It was found that the chromatic aberration diminished
      significantly after the onset of presbyopia. It is suggested that this decrease
      in axial chromatic aberration may be due to increase in the index of refraction
      of the vitreous thereby producing a negative optical surface in the eye which
      more or less cancels the chromatic aberration of the cornea and anterior surface
      of the lens. This supposition is supported by measurements of chromatic
      aberration made on 10 aphakic patients. It is also observed that at near, older
      eyes who exhibit very little chromatic aberration, cannot make use of this
      aberration to spare some of the required accommodation (simulated by ophthalmic
      lenses in older eyes) as is the case in younger eyes.

PMID- 1083168
TI  - [The accuracy of ophthalmodynamometry in the diagnosis of occlusions of the
      carotid artery (author's transl)].
AB  - The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of
      ophthalmodynamometry in cases of occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Among
      the 29 patients examined with ODM there were 12 cases of such an occlusion, which
      were unknown to the ophthalmological examiner. All of them could be diagnosed
      exactly. When by means of ODM an occlusion in the region of the common or
      internal carotid was excluded the result was equally accurate. A decrease in
      ophthalmic blood pressure by 15% or a side difference of the same degree
      indicated in 80% of the cases an occlusion of the internal carotid. The ODM
      seems, therefore, to be a suitable test for finding or excluding such an
      occlusion.

PMID- 1083169
TI  - [ERG- and EOG results in the vitreo-retinal syndrom of Jaffe (author's transl)].
AB  - An ERG and EOG were performed in 2 cases of Jaffe's vitreo-retinal traction
      syndrom with differing stages of the disease. In the first stage of the disease
      there was a crease in the b-waves in the presence of a normal EOG. In stage II
      there was a beginning leveling of the ERG with gradual disappearance of the x
      waves and b1-waves in the presence of the subnormal EOG. In stage III, there was
      a clear discrepancy between the monophasic ERG with deep a-wave and smooth b
      waves, and the subnormal EOG, thus indicating damage to the retinal vascular
      system which is important for the nutrition of the III neurons.

PMID- 1083170
TI  - ERG of humans without C-wave.
AB  - Three out of 18 healthy persons investigated with the DC-ERG do not show a c
      wave. By varying the adaptation levels and intensities of the stimuli four
      components in the human ERG can be isolated, the cone and rod late receptor
      potentials, the positive DC response, and a c-wave in most subjects. It is
      suggested that investigation of these components reveals a more detailed
      understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms in some retinal diseases.

PMID- 1083171
TI  - [Measurements of the maximal excursion-ability of the globe (author's transl)].
AB  - Method and results of measurements of the maximal version movements by using a
      millimeter graduated scale after Kestenbaum are descripted. We prefer a
      millimeter net scale formed as a spectacle. In this way measurements can be done
      in an accuracy of +/- 0.5 mm about.

PMID- 1083172
TI  - [Myocardial contractility in dogs in hemorrhagic shock and after volumn
      replacement (author's transl)].
AB  - Myocardial contractility was evaluated in 8 out of 14 anaesthetized mongrel dogs
      during haemorrhagic shock and after volume replacement with Dextran 60 using the
      force-velocity relation of the contractile elements at zero load (Vmax). 7
      animals received 50,000 or 20,000 KIE respectively of a proteinase inhibitor
      after bleeding and immediately before and one hour after the infusion of Dextran
      60. The release of the lysosomal enzymes acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase
      was inhibited significantly (p less than 0.05) in the animals treated with
      Trasylol. However, the inhibition of the lysosomal enzymes seems not to have a
      decisive influence on the dynamic of the macro- and microcirculation and the
      myocardial contractility.

PMID- 1083173
TI  - Influence of adrenalectomy, total body x-irradiation and dexamethasone on the
      amount of CRF-granules and "classical" neurosecretory material in the rat
      neurohypophysis.
AB  - In 195 female Wistar rats the influence of adrenalectomy, total body X
      irradiation and dexamethasone treatment on the amount of CRF-granules in the
      external zone of the median eminence and "classical" neurosecretory material
      (NSM) in the internal zone of the median and in the posterior lobe of the
      hypophysis has been studied. In the normal rat only very few CRF-granules occur.
      15 days after adrenalectomy increased amounts of CRF-granules but normal amounts
      of "classical" NSM are found. X-irradiation leads to a slight diminishment of
      "classical" NSM in normal rats. In adrenalectomized animals X-irradiation causes
      no changes in the amount of "classical" NSM but a marked decrease in the amount
      of CRF-granules. Application of dexamethasone from the 15th to 18th day after
      adrenalectomy enhances the augmentation of CRF-granules in irradiated and non
      irradiated rats but does not influence the amount of "classical" NSM. The
      findings show that no correlation exists between the quantitative changes of CRF
      granules and "classical" NSM under the experimental conditions used. Therefore it
      is to be assumed that the release of the two substances is regulated by different
      control mechanisms and that the substances have a different functional
      significance. The observations do not exclude the possibility that CRF-granules
      and "classical" NSM are biochemically identical.

PMID- 1083174
TI  - Incidence of prolonged pain relief following acupuncture.
AB  - From March 1973 to Decenber 1974, 2090 electroacupuncture treatments were applied
      to 533 patients with chronic pain. Of 533 patients, 276 (52%) reported excellent
      (greater than 75%) pain relief immediately after the last treatment, and 103
      (19.3%) still reported excellent pain relief on a 4-week followup questionnaire.
      In March 1975, the authors contacted 87 of these 103 patients. Sixty-three
      reported that they still had excellent pain relief 3 to 18 months after therapy,
      3 patients reported that their pain still was relieved 50%, and 21 patients said
      their pain had returned to the same intensity as before therapy. Thus, 12% of 533
      patients who received acupuncture treatment for chronic pain had a significant
      degree of pain relief at least 3 months after therapy.

PMID- 1083175
TI  - Exploratory laparotomy. A clinical investigation.

PMID- 1083176
TI  - High prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in sandblasters' silicosis.
AB  - Of 39 silicotic sandblasters evaluated in 1972 and 1973, 17 (44 per cent) had
      positive serum antinuclear antibody reactions. This prevalence is higher than
      those reported for other pneumonconioses. Comparison of the groups positive and
      negative for antinuclear antibodies showed that patients positive for antinuclear
      antibodies were unlikely to have normal ventilatory function and were more likely
      to have roentgenograms showing large opacities. Both groups had similar
      proportions showing lobar cavitation or contraction.

PMID- 1083177
TI  - South Africa: patterns of rheumatic disease.

PMID- 1083178
TI  - Letter: T cells and B cells in HBsAg-positive patients with chronic persistent
      hepatitis and asymptomatic carriers.

PMID- 1083179
TI  - Some dielectric properties of muscle membrane and their possible importance for
      excitation-contraction coupling.
AB  - Voltage-clamp studies of polarization currents have shown the presence of polar
      molecules in the membrane of skeletal muscle. Their high dipole moment and
      favorable transition potential suggest that they may be "gating molecules" which
      serve to regulate some membrane potential-dependent physiological function.
      Experiments with the drugs tetrodotoxin and tetracaine show that these polar
      molecules are unlikely to play a role in regulating the sodium and potassium
      channels responsible for electrical excitation. Instead, they may regulate
      calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which also depends steeply on
      the cell membrane potential. Schneider and Chandler's hypothesis whereby calcium
      release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum is regulated by voltage-sensitive "gating
      molecules" in the tubule membrane is still unproven, but remains attractive and
      plausible.

PMID- 1083180
TI  - Some electronystagmographic manifestations of central nervous system disease.
AB  - A battery of tests with electronystagmography were performed on two groups of
      patients, one in which posterior fossa abnormalities had been confirmed
      independently by neurologic findings, contrast studies, or surgery; the other
      group consisted of what seemed clinically clear cut peripheral VIII nerve or
      labyrinthine disturbances. The two groups were compared statistically for the
      incidence of factors thought to indicate the presence of brain stem lesions. No
      single factor is absolutely reliable by itself as an indicator of brain stem
      disease, but the use of a test battery permits a much more accurate indication of
      probability of the presence of brain stem lesions.

PMID- 1083181
TI  - Vestibular decruitment in central nervous system disease.
AB  - The differential caloric test consisting of a weak and of a strong stimulation
      may provide evidence of certain vestibulo-oculomotor abnormality. The phenomenon
      of vestibular decruitment serves as an indication of central nervous system or
      intracranial pathology. A classification of the degree of decruitment was
      attempted in 139 patients exhibiting this phenomenon. Ample evidence is provided
      that vestibular decruitment is indicative of a variety of intracranial lesions
      predominantly in the posterior fossa. Decruitment was encountered with hypo- and
      hyperactive vestibular responses alike and also in patients in whom there was no
      deficit in end organ sensitivity. The armamentarium of neurotologic testing is
      enriched by the differential caloric stimulations providing an indication  of the
      "site of lesion."

PMID- 1083182
TI  - X-ray of the month. Bilateral acoustic neurinomas.

PMID- 1083183
TI  - Temporal bone histopathology of osteopetrosis.
AB  - The histopathology of the temporal bone of an eight and one-half-year-old girl
      with osteopetrosis (Albers-Schonberg disease) was studied to evaluate the
      pathogenesis of its frequent complications in hearing and facial nerve function.
      The patient was blind and had acute otitis media, but facial paralysis was not
      noted. Although the size of the temporal bone pyramid was markedly increased due
      to enormously thickened periosteal layer, changes in the endosteal and
      endochondral layers  were less marked. Exostotic growth of periosteal bone was
      seen in the middle ear wall, and the tympanic cavity appeared to be narrowed. At
      the oval window region, the facial nerve was pushed down towards the stapes due
      to extreme overgrowth of periosteal bone of the epitympanum, and the
      superstructure of the stapes was imbedded deeply into the dislocated facial nerve
      and had strongly compressed it. Although the footplate was free from ankylosis,
      the crus of the stapes appeared to be immobilized because it was lodged in the
      facial nerve. Such changes appeared to be the pathogenesis of one form of facial
      nerve paralysis and conductive hearing loss associated with osteopetrosis.

PMID- 1083184
TI  - [Natural infection of Aedes (S.) hebrideus by a Coelomomyces in New Hybrids
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083185
TI  - [23 cases of post-operative digestive bleeding or following trauma due to stress
      lesions of the stomach or duodenum (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083186
TI  - [Research into cell immune reactions using the cell migration test in apparently
      primary, non-obstructive cardiomyopathies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083187
TI  - [Editorial: Half chromatid mutation].

PMID- 1083188
TI  - [Trisomy 10q24--10qter].
AB  - The syndrome of trisomy 10q24leads to 10qter is described from three patients
      studied by the authors and five cases reported from the literature. The
      characteristic dysmorphy of the syndrome, although different from that of trisomy
      21, nevertheless is reminiscent because of euroasiatic facies. The facies is
      broad, round, because of euroasiatic facies. The facies is broad, round, and
      flat, with a prominent malar region and a high and convex forehead. Palpebral
      fissures are narrow with bilateral epicanthal folds, and the nasal bridge is
      hypoplasitc. Marked joint laxity allows spontaneous and reductible subluxations.
      Growth retardation is the rule, and mental retardation is severe. No specific
      dermatoglyphic abnormalities are noted; there is a gap between the first and
      second toes, with a marked plantar crease separating them. Although trisomy
      10q24leads to10qter results from various terminal translocations or pericentric
      inversion in one case, the location of the breakage point in band 10q24 suggests
      a particular lability of this zone.

PMID- 1083189
TI  - [Prevalence of etinoblastoma in the Midi-Pyrenees area].
AB  - The frequency of retinoblastoma was estimated in southwest France (Midi-Pyrenees)
      during the 1950-1969 period. Twenty-three cases were detected among 507 157
      liveborns. After correcting for the probability of ascertainment of patient, the
      estimated frequency is 1 per 15 849 births. The proportion of unilateral cases is
      estimated 91 percent after correcting for the higher probability of ascertaining
      bilateral cases.

PMID- 1083190
TI  - [Pericentric inversion of no. 3, homozygous and heterozygous, and centromeric
      transposition of no. 12 in a family of orangutans. Implications for evolution].
AB  - An orang-utan family is reported in which the father (Piku) is homozygous for a
      pericentric inversion of chromosome 3 and heterozygous for a structural
      rearrangement of chromosome 12 (author's nomenclature for this species). The
      latter is interpreted as transposition of the centromere by insertion into band
      q213 [ins cen(12)(q213)]. Piku's mate has a normal female chromosome complement.
      His daughters by this mate (Agnes and Ursula) are heterozygous for both his
      rearrangements. A fifth orang-utan (Arnold) captured on a different Malesian
      island was found to have one chromosome 12 similar to that of Piku, and to have a
      female complement, even though his keapers considered him male. Several
      hypotheses are proposed to explain the observations, including consanguinity, the
      existence of a common polymorphism in the species, and the existence of an
      established subspecies among orang-utans.

PMID- 1083191
TI  - Identification of isochromosome 17 in a girl with mental retardation and
      congenital malformations.
AB  - An isochromosome 17 was found in all analyzed cells of a mentally retarded and
      malformed girl. As the abnormal chromosome displayed a polymorphic distal band
      also observed in chromosome 17 of the father, it is suggested that the abnormal
      chromosome is the result of a non sister chromatid interchange at the level of
      the centromeric region of chromosomes 17 in paternal meiosis.

PMID- 1083192
TI  - Chromosome band analysis in 19 cases of chronic myeloid leukemia: 9 chronic, 10
      blastic, two with Ph1 (22q-) translocation on 17 short arm.
AB  - The results of Giemsa band analyses of the marrow cells of 19 cases of CML in the
      chronic or blast phase are reported. All but one of the 14 Ph1 positive cases
      showed the 9q+pattern, the exceptional one being 16p+. All 10 blast cases showed
      additional rearrangements, which are described. In two of the cases, one blastic,
      one chronic, which were -22, Ph1 negative, the 22q- member was identified as a
      translocation on the short arm of one 17 which was dicentric.

PMID- 1083193
TI  - Coagulation studies in patients with trisomy 8 syndrome.
AB  - Coagulation studies were performed in three patients with trisomy for chromosome
      No. 8. In contrast to the findings reported by others, all patients were found to
      have a normal coagulation status without sign of factor VII deficiency.

PMID- 1083194
TI  - [A second example of telomeric fusion 2 X chromosomes].
AB  - A translocation which originated by telomeric "fusion" of X short arms, t(X;X),
      was found in a woman with primary amenorrhea and a phenotype corresponding
      partially to Turner's syndrome. Staining with acridine orange after BrdU
      incorporation showed the distal segments of both Xp's to be much more modified by
      the treatment than equivalent segments of normal late replicating X's. This could
      mean important inactivation of segments usually active even in late replicating
      X's. This functional monosomy for X would have a clinical effect similar to a
      true monosomy.

PMID- 1083195
TI  - [Association of the juxtracentromeric heterochromatin of human chromosome 1 with
      the nucleolus].

PMID- 1083196
TI  - [Partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 8].

PMID- 1083197
TI  - [Partial 11q monosomy and trigonocephaly. A new syndrome].
AB  - Partial monosomy 11q occurring de novo and concerning the 11q231 leads to qter
      region, is reported in a 2-month-old boy. This observation together with three
      others from the literature allows the individualization of a syndrome
      characterized by: severe growth retardation: more or less pronounced mental
      retardation; trigonocephaly; facial dysmorphia.

PMID- 1083198
TI  - Susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae isolates from blood and cerebrospinal
      fluid to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
AB  - Susceptibility to ampicillin and chloramphenicol in vitro has been determined for
      Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid
      cultures of patients admitted to two Atlanta hospitals from 1 January 1974 to 31
      March 1975. Since the appearance of ampicillin-resistant strains of this organism
      in early 1974, chloramphenicol has been used in these hospitals as initial
      therapy for severe infection due to H. influenzae. Strains from five of 94
      patients were resistant to ampicillin (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] >/=
      12.5 mug/ml), but all strains were susceptible to chloramphenicol (MIC < 2
      mug/ml). The first 35 strains studied, including three resistant to ampicillin,
      were also tested for in vitro susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole;
      all were highly susceptible (MIC </= 0.0312 mug of trimethoprim and 0.625 mug of
      sulfamethoxazole per ml).

PMID- 1083199
TI  - Mechanisms of ampicillin resistance in Haemophilus influenzae type B.
AB  - The genetic mechanisms associated with ampicillin resistance in strains of
      Haemophilus influenzae type b were investigated. In experiments concerned with
      transfer of total deoxyribonucleic acid in vitro, expression of resistance by
      wild-type strains occurred at a frequency of about 10%. The minimum inhibitory
      concentration of ampicillin for the transformed strains was similar to that of
      the resistant donor strains, and resistance in transformants was associated with
      acquisition of the ability to produce beta-lactamase. Exposure to 39 mug of
      acridine per ml for 18 h cured resistance at a frequency of 80%, and there was
      spontaneous loss of resistance after repeated subculture of some strains.
      Analysis by cesium chloride-ethidium bromide density gradient centrifugation
      demonstrated the presence of extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid in the
      resistant strains, providing further evidence that the resistance factor is
      plasmid mediated.

PMID- 1083200
TI  - Susceptibility of Haemophilus influenza to ampicillin as determined by use of a
      modified, one-minute beta-lactamase test.
AB  - Fifty-seven cultures of Haemophilus influenzae were tested for production of beta
      lactamase by use of a modified, 1-min test. Only the 24 cultures that were
      ampicillin resistant, whether type b or not, yielded positive results for the
      enzyme; all ampicillin-susceptible isolates were uniformly negative. The beta
      lactamase procedure is simple to perform and requires only commonly available
      reagents.

PMID- 1083201
TI  - Spurious ampicillin resistance by testing Haemophilus influenzae with agar
      containing supplement C.
AB  - Ampicillin resistance (minimal inhibitory concentration >/=10 mug/ml) in the
      absence of beta-lactamase activity by Haemophilus influenzae was noted in tests
      performed with Mueller-Hinton agar containing one lot of supplement C. All
      strains, except five with known resistance due to beta-lactamase activity, were
      inhibited by 0.6 mug or less of ampicillin per ml of chocolatized blood agar.

PMID- 1083202
TI  - Susceptibility of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae to seven
      penicillins.
AB  - Sixty-seven clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae from various sections of
      the United States, England, and Germany were tested for susceptibility to
      penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, epicillin, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, and
      methicillin. Fifty-three of the strains had previously been judged to be
      ampicillin resistant and 14 had been determined to be ampicillin susceptible.
      Fifty-two of the 53 resistant strains produced beta-lactamase, but none of the
      susceptible strains produced it. On the basis of minimal inhibitory
      concentrations, the most active compounds were ticarcillin and carbenicillin.
      Whether this greater activity is useful clinically has not been established.

PMID- 1083203
TI  - A new species of the genus Bullera derx.
AB  - A new yeast species, Bullera piricola, is described. The three strains studied
      were all isolated from the pear phylloplane. This species differs from all
      Bullera species known at present by forming symmetrical as well as asymmetrical
      ballistospores. The problem of its integration into the genus Bullera Derx is
      discussed. An amended diagnosis of the genus Bullera is given.

PMID- 1083204
TI  - The amino acid pool of Hansenula holstil: characterisation, and changes mediated
      by environment.
AB  - Amino acid pools extracted from Hansenula holstii grown in continuous culture
      with either ammonia or nitrate as sole source of nitrogen, under a variety of
      substrate limitations, were characterised and quantified. Pools from
      corresponding cultures were shown to be similar in size and composition,
      regardless of whether ammonia or nitrate was the nitrogen source. Large changes
      in pools (both quantitative and qualitative) occurred when cultures were grown
      under different substrate limitations. Such changes were particularly large in
      glutamate, glutamine, alanine, lysine and arginine; the possible significance of
      such environment-mediated changes is discussed.

PMID- 1083205
TI  - Oxidation of organic C1 compounds by Hyphomicrobium spp.
AB  - Washed cell suspensions of Hyphomicrobium spp. were able to oxidize methanol,
      formaldehyde and formate. This suggested that enzymes for the oxidation of these
      compounds were present. The pathway of the oxidation of methanol to carbon
      dioxide and water has been investigated using cell-free extracts. An ammonium-ion
      activated, phenazine methosulphate-linked methanol dehydrogenase was detected.
      This enzyme has a dual substrate specificity for normal primary alcohols and
      formaldehyde. It has a high pH optimum for activity of 9.5. The pathway is
      completed by an NAD-linked formate dehydrogenase. This enzyme is inhibited by low
      concentrations of potassium cyanide, copper sulphate and hypophosphite.

PMID- 1083206
TI  - Production and characterization of the agarase of Cytoplaga flevensis.
AB  - Cytophaga flevensis produced an inducible agarase which was extracellular under
      most conditions tested. The effect of cultural conditions on the production of
      enzyme was studied in batch and continuous culture. In batch culture, production
      was optimal when Cytophaga flevensis was incubated at 20 C in a mineral medium
      with agar as the sole carbon source and ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source
      at an initial pH of 6.6-7.0. The enzyme appeared to be subject to catabolite
      repression, since its synthesis was repressed when glucose was added to the
      medium in batch culture. Furthermore, in continuous culture, enzyme production
      decreased with increasing growth rate. Extracellular agarase was partially
      purified and the enzyme preparation obtained was very stable. The enzyme has a
      molecular weight of 26 000 daltons. It is a beta-agarase which is highly specific
      for polysaccharides containing neoagarobiose units. The final products of
      hydrolysis of agarose by the endo-acting enzyme were neoagarotetraose and
      neoagarobiose. Optimal conditions for its activity were pH 6.3 and 30C. When
      agarose was used as a substrate, an apparent temperature optimum of 35C was
      found, due to gelling of the substrate during the assay procedure.

PMID- 1083207
TI  - Oxalate and formate in Alcaligenes and Pseudomonas species.
AB  - Oxalate is metabolized by the glycerate pathway involving glyoxylate carboligase
      in Alcaligenes LOx and Pseudomonas KOx, and by the serine pathway involving
      hydroxypyruvate reductase in Ps.MOx and Ps.AM1 (var. 470). Although A.LOx does
      not grow on formate, stimulation of growth was observed in the presence of amino
      acids and a few Kreb's cycle intermediates. A.LOx possesses two different
      mechanisms for the oxidation of formate: (1) the constitutive formate oxidase
      which is present in the particulate fraction of oxalate-grown and succinate-plus
      formate-grown cells; (2) the inducible NAD-linked formate dehydrogenase present
      in the 100 000 x g supernatant fraction of the cell-free extracts of oxalate
      grown cells alone. The two systems occur simultaneously in oxalate-grown cells.
      The effect of inhibitors on formate oxidase activity and the other enzyme
      activities of the particulate formate-oxidizing fraction indicate that the
      oxidation of formate is linked to the respiratory chain.

PMID- 1083208
TI  - Microbial degradation of piperonylic acid.
AB  - Several organisms were isolated for their ability to utilize piperonylate as a
      sole carbon source for growth and a Pseudomonas species (Ps. PP-2) was selected
      for a study of the degradation of this substrate. Only vanillate, isovanillate, p
      hydroxybenzoate and protocatechuate, of several possible catabolities, served as
      growth and oxidation substrates for the organism. Detailed analysis of the
      culture fluid from piperonylate-grown cells revealed the presence of vanillate
      and protocatechuate but isovanillate, p-hydroxybenzoate and m-hydroxybenzoate
      were not detected. The evidence presented suggests that piperonylate is
      metabolized first to vanillate by methylenedioxy ring cleavage and next to
      protocatechuate by direct dimethylation of vanillate.

PMID- 1083209
TI  - The role of plant particles, bacteria and cell-free supernatant fractions of
      rumen contents in the hydrolysis of trilinolein and the subsequent hydrogenation
      of linoleic acid.
AB  - The role of different fractions of rumen contents in the hydrolysis of
      trilinolein and the subsequent hydrogenation of the linoleic acid has been
      investigated by a series of in vitro incubations. Hydrolysis of the trilinolein
      to free linoleic acid occurs almost wholly in the cell-free supernatant; the
      liberated linoleic acid in the supernatant can be rapidly adsorbed onto food
      particles where it is hydrogenated to stearic acid via the C18 trans-11 monoene.
      Some 25% of the trilinolein added as substrate was taken up by the bacteria and
      of this a small percentage appeared to be hydrolysed and the free linoleic acid
      hydrogenated to stearic acid intracellularly. No conclusive evidence was obtained
      to suggest that this intracellular hydrogenation proceeded by a route other than
      that which took place on the food particles.

PMID- 1083210
TI  - Methanobacterium arbophilicum sp.nov. An obligate anaerobe isolated from wetwood
      of living trees.
AB  - The isolation and characterization of a new methanogenic bacterium,
      Methanobacterium arbophilicum, is described. Isolation from wetwood enrichment
      cultures, that were obtained from methane-positive trees, required a medium
      containing inorganic salts, vitamins, and an atmosphere consisting of an 80:20
      mixture of hydrogen-carbon dioxide. Isolates of M. arbophilicum were gram
      positive, non-motile short rods that occurred singly, in pairs, or chains. The
      organism was found to be an autotroph and a strick anaerobe, and to have a pH
      optimum of 7.5-8.0. The optimal temperature for growth was 30 to 37C, the maximum
      being 45C and the minimum about 10C. The organism had obligate growth
      requirements for H2 and CO2, and organic compounds greatly stimulated growth. The
      generation time in shake flask culture was about 17 hr in mineral salts medium
      and about 13 hr in complex medium. The DNA base composition was 27.5 mol % GC.

PMID- 1083211
TI  - Characteristics of weak H2S-producing isolates of Pseudomonas putrefaciens from
      human infections.
AB  - Isolates from human clinical specimens which produced salmon-colored colonies
      were found to grow at 2C and produce ornthine decarboxylase, DNase,
      trimethylamine and only slight amounts of H2S. The notably weak ability of such
      isolates to produce H2S was originally regarded as a negative reaction. The DNA
      base composition of such isolates was found to range from 48.3 to 49.2 moles %
      GC. These observations, along with bacteriocin typing, resulted in identification
      of the isolates as Pseudomonas putrefaciens.

PMID- 1083212
TI  - Galvanic vestibular stimulation.
AB  - In order to gain insight into the origin of the eye movements provoked by
      galvanic vestibular stimulation, experiments were conducted in rabbits. The
      animals were subjected to a small galvanic stimulation and to a vestibular
      stimulation (rotation and sinusoidally changing linear accelerations).
      Application of several stimuli at the same time shows that the effects on the eye
      movements of each stimulus given separately are summated. Electric stimulation
      provoked vestibular reflexes; a stronger effect was observed in unilaterally and
      in bilaterally labyrinthectomized rabbits. This suggests that there is not only
      an impact of the oculomotor system but of the peripheral vestibular organs too.
      The conclusion is drawn that electric stimulation of the vestibular system gives
      information on the functioning of the labyrinths and also about the side where a
      labyrinthine lesion is located.

PMID- 1083213
TI  - Familial dysequilibrium-diplegia with T-lymphocyte deficiency.
AB  - A second family is described with a combination of defective thymus-dependent
      immunity and cerebral palsy. The cerebral palsy comprised nonprogressive
      dysequilibrium and mild spastic diplegia without limb ataxia. This genetic entity
      of presumed autosomal recessive inheritance is clearly distinguished from ataxia
      telangiectasia. Immunological abnormalities should be sought in other familial or
      unexplained cerebral palsy syndromes.

PMID- 1083215
TI  - Proceedings: Mark Twain and Rheumatology.

PMID- 1083214
TI  - Benign rectal ulceration of unknown origin. An unusual cause of rectal bleeding.
AB  - An unusual progressive form of benign rectal ulceration was found in an infant
      who presented with repeated episodes of rectal bleeding. The ulceration failed to
      respond to medical treatment but was cured by anterior resection of the rectum.
      The aetiology is not known.

PMID- 1083216
TI  - Proceedings: Relationship between antinuclear antibodies, DNA binding capacity,
      and electroprecipitation, serum complement level, and the presence of soluble
      complexes in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1083217
TI  - Study of lymphoid cells from inflamed synovial membranes.
AB  - Synovectomy specimens from patients with rheumatoid arthritis were cultured and
      after 24 hours the nonadherent cells were removed. These were found to include
      cells with the morphological characteristics of lymphocytes. Using the sheep-cell
      rosetting test, up to 94% of these cells were found to be T cells, and while T
      cells could be found in all the supernatant cell populations studied, not all
      made a mitogen response. None or only a very small number of B cells were found
      by staining for surface immunoglobulin. The possible roles which T lymphocytes
      might play in chronic inflammation in the rheumatoid synovium are discussed in
      relation to experimental work, and factors which attract T cells into areas of
      nonspecific inflammation are similarly considered in the light of animal
      experiments.

PMID- 1083218
TI  - Pneumocystis pneumonia: the importance of early open lung biopsy.
AB  - Pulmonary infection due to Pneumocystis carinii is now recognized as the leading
      cause of death from infection in patients with a hematologic malignancy who are
      in remission. Effective treatment requires suspicion of the infection in
      susceptible patients and rapid identification of the organism. In most patients,
      open lung biopsy performed through a small anterior thoracotomy provides
      immediate identification or exclusion of the organism, thus allowing treatment of
      infected patients and avoidance of inappropriate therapy in patients without the
      disease. We feel that the use of early thoracotomy, in spite of the fact that it
      exposes these very ill patients to a major surgical procedure and general
      anesthesia, is ultimately the safest therapeutic course.

PMID- 1083219
TI  - Portosystemic shunting in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis: a good risk
      disease.
AB  - Five patients with primary biliary cirrhosis underwent portosystemic shunting for
      the control of variceal bleeding. Three procedures were emergencies and two were
      elective. There was no operative mortality; all patients were followed until the
      present or until death. One patient is alive 4 years and another, 2 years
      postoperatively. One patient died 4 years after operation and another died 16
      months postoperatively. Another patient survived for 8 years following her shunt
      and eventually died as a result of a cerebrovascular accident. This group of
      patients is compared to a larger group undergoing portosystemic shunting because
      of portal hypertension secondary to other forms of liver disease. The absence of
      operative mortality and the fact that several of these patients had moderately
      long postoperative survival despite apparently poor liver function suggest that
      the usual criteria for the assessment of operative risk are not valid in primary
      biliary cirrhosis.

PMID- 1083220
TI  - Idiopathic late-onset immunoglobulin deficiency with functional T-cell
      deficiency.
AB  - The common features in our two patients were late onset of infections that are
      known to complicate both T-cell and B-cell deficiencies, decreased numbers of
      circulating B-cells with low serum immunoglobulin levels, and normal numbers of
      circulating T-cells, which were, however, defective in the response to delayed
      hypersensitivity skin test antigens and to mitogens in vitro. The composite of
      clinical and immunologic aberrations is consistent with the presence of an immune
      deficiency involving the B-cell system quantitatively and the T-cell system
      qualitatively.

PMID- 1083221
TI  - Interaction of 6,6'-dithiodinicotinic acid with rat thymocytes pretreated with
      thiol compounds.
AB  - The number of sulfhydryl groups in the membranes of rat thymocytes were
      determined, expressed in terms of concentration of 6-mercaptonicotinic acid
      produced by reduction of 6,6'-dithiodinicotinic acid. The influence of incubation
      of thymocytes in solutions of L-cysteine, reduced glutathione and dithiothreitol
      on the number of -SH groups was studied. About twofold higher degree of reduction
      of 6-6'dithiodinicotinic acid was observed in the reaction with thymocytes
      incubated previously in 2 mM solution of L-cysteine in comparison with controls.
      Incubation of thymocytes with dithiothreitol and gluthathione had no effect on
      the number of -SH groups.

PMID- 1083222
TI  - Activity of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs in immunologically specific and
      nonspecific cellular responses.
AB  - The influence of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs on immunologic reactions of
      the humoral type (agglutinins, hemolysins) and of the cellular types (blast test,
      transplantation test), and on the course of immunologically nonspecific
      inflammatory reactions(xylene inflammation, pleurisy, granulation test) has been
      studied. Virtually regardless of chemical structure (indomethacin, mefenamic
      acid, acetylsalicylic acid, chloroquine), the drugs of this group had no
      influence on humoral responses, but a distinct influence on the delayed type of
      cellular responses and on immunologically nonspecific reactions. The investigated
      drugs had quantitatively varying modes of action, and only chloroquine showed a
      qualitatively different mode of action. It was concluded that nonsteroid anti
      inflammatory drugs ace on a common link in inflammatory processes involving the
      immunologic system, as well as without such an involvement. The mechanism of
      their effect was considered to consist in stabilization of cell membranes,
      inhibition of proliferation and cellular transformation, and inhibition of the
      lymph node permeability factor (LNPF).

PMID- 1083223
TI  - The right to know: giving the patient his medical record.
AB  - Each patient  admitted to the 16-bed Rehabilitation Medicine Service at Medical
      Center Hospital of Vermont since October 1972 has received a carbon copy of his
      full Admission and Discharge notes, containing the complete problem list, and for
      each problem the relevant data, the Assessment and the Plans. The objectives were
      to improve patient education; to improve the patient's chances to contribute to
      the planning of his care; and to increase the staff's accountability to the
      patient. Over a period of seven months, we evaluated the effect of this maneuver
      for 125 consecutive patients by means of (1) a report on the patient's reactions,
      completed by a nurse after she reviewed the record with the patient; (2) a report
      by the physician stating whether he had expurgated the record for patient use,
      and recording his observations of patient and family reaction; (3) a
      questionnaire mailed to patients after discharge. Results indicated that patients
      were generally comfortable about reading the record, found it educational and
      appreciated the trust implied. No substantial difficulties arose. Few records
      were expurgated. The staff has accepted this style as crucial to an appropriate
      sharing of responsibility between themselves and the patients. We conclude that
      giving the patient his record is a safe and inexpensive aid to the rehabilitation
      process, and is probably mandated by the changing relationships between
      professionals and their clients, and by the patient's need to negotiate his own
      health care in an increasingly complex and mobile society.

PMID- 1083224
TI  - Thermal injury in von willebrand disease. Management of burn wound bleeding.
AB  - A 51-year-old woman sustained a 40% third-degree burn. After five grafting
      procedures that were unsuccessful due to uncontrolled bleeding, the diagnosis of
      von Willebrand disease was established. Skin grafting was subsequently
      accomplished without difficulty using cryoprecipitate as a source of
      antihemophilic factor (factor VIII). Serial clinical and laboratory
      investigations demonstrated that using the level of factor VIII procoagulant
      activity alone as an in vitro index of hemostasis was insufficient as a guide to
      the control of pathologic burn wound bleeding in this patient.

PMID- 1083225
TI  - The endoscopic diagnosis of an aortoduodenal fistula.
AB  - An aortoduodenal fistula is a serious complication of aortic reconstructive
      surgery. This artile describes a case in which the diagnosis of an aortoduodenal
      fistula was made by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The endoscopic finding of a
      vascular prosthesis within the duodenum allowed immediate surgical intervention
      and control of the gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1083226
TI  - Treatment of reflux esophagitis resulting in massive esophageal bleeding.
AB  - The complications that occur secondary to sliding hiatal hernia are reflux
      esophagitis with ulceration, stricture formation, and hemorrhage. We have treated
      seven patients for massive esophageal bleeding secondary to reflux esophagitis.
      All had endoscopic evidence of reflux esophagitis and a negative work-up for
      other sources of bleeding. All underwent Nissen fundoplication as the only mode
      of therapy for the bleeding esophagitis. No patient has bled again; healing of
      the esophagitis was evident six weeks after operation, as observed by
      gastrointestinal endoscopy. This operation prevents reflux, has minimal side
      effects, and gives consistent results in the hands of the average trained
      gastrointestinal surgeon.

PMID- 1083227
TI  - Primary duodenal tumors: a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.
AB  - The case records of ten patients with benign, three with endocrine, and 19 with
      malignant duodenal tumors were reviewed. Patients with benign tumors had episodes
      of bleeding that were recurrent in a number of cases. The endocrine tumors were
      all gastrinomas; patients had ulcer diathesis associated with the Zollinger
      Ellison syndrome. All malignant tumors were symptomatic, with chronic
      gastrointestinal blood loss or duodenal obstruction. All benign tumors were
      demonstrated preoperatively, but only ten of 19 malignant tumors were confirmed
      preoperatively. The data suggest that duodenal tumors masquerade as more common
      diseases and as a result, their diagnosis and treatment are delayed inordinately.
      Awareness of this problem is encouraged, and a more aggressive diagnostic effort
      in selected patients, including fiberoptic endoscopy, is suggested.

PMID- 1083228
TI  - Arteriovenous malformations of the gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - During an eight-year period, 17 patients ranging in age from 7 months to 81 years
      were found to have arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the gastrointestinal
      tract complicated by major hemorrhage. After review of these cases, a clinical
      classification of AVMs was developed, based on angiographic characteristics,
      localization, age of the patient, and family history. Type 1 AVMs were solitary,
      localized lesions within the right side of the colon. They occurred in seven
      patients 55 years of age or older. None were palpable or visible at operation.
      Type 2 AVMs occurred in seven patients. They were larger and occasionally
      visible, most commonly in the small intestine, and probably of congenital origin.
      Symptoms all began before 50 years of age. Type 3 AVMs were punctate angiomas
      causing gastrointestinal hemorrhage. They occurred in three patients with the
      classical findings of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. The diagnosis of
      most AVMs can be determined preoperatively only by selective angiographic
      studies.

PMID- 1083229
TI  - Aortocoronary artery bypass: present indications and risk factors.
AB  - From 1969 through 1974, a total of 4,522 patients were operated on for coronary
      artery occlusive disease. This article is an in-depth analysis of a consecutive
      series of 275 of these patients, operated on during 1974. The mortality was 1.8%
      and perioperative myocardial infarction occurred in 3.6%. On analysis of risk
      factors, it was found that 24% of the patients were over the age of 60; 57% had
      some degree of left ventricular dysfunction; 9% had generalized hypokinesis; 24%
      were New York Heart Association functional class IV; 13% had left main coronary
      artery stenosis; and 11% had preinfarction angina. On analysis of the early
      mortality, the limiting factor was diffuse coronary arteriosclerosis combined
      with poor ventricular function. This resulted in inadequate or incomplete
      myocardial revascularization. Since these two risk factors are usually
      predictable, coronary artery bypass can be recommended not only for patients with
      intractable angina, but also for patients with impaired left ventricular function
      associated with angina, and in patients without angina who have a positive stress
      electrocardiogram.

PMID- 1083230
TI  - Left ventricular aneurysmectomy.
AB  - Comparison of preoperative and postoperative studies in 81 patients undergoing
      left ventricular aneurysmectomy failed to show consistent hemodynamic trends. The
      most reliable prognostic indicator for survival (84% early, 71% late) was the
      function of the basilar ventricular segments. In 62 of the 81 patients, there was
      concomitant aortocoronary bypass grafting. Eighty-eight percent of the surviving
      patients are essentially free of symptoms. These findings support the continued
      surgical treatment of ventricular aneurysm in symptomatic patients, and suggest
      nonoperative treatment for patients who are asymptomatic.

PMID- 1083231
TI  - Major arterial hemorrhage: a complication of pancreatic pseudocysts and chronic
      pancreatitis.
AB  - Twelve patients (11 men, one woman), aged 18 to 68 years, had major arterial
      hemorrhage as a direct complication of pancreatic pseudocysts and chronic
      pancreatitis. Chronic alcoholism (11 patients) and blunt abdominal trauma (one
      patient) were the basis for pancreatic disease. Spontaneous hemorrhage occurred
      in eight patients. Bleeding occurred into the gastrointestinal tract (eight
      patients), into the peritoneal cavity (four patients), and was intracystic (one
      patient). Splenic, pancreaticoduodenal, gastroduodenal, and gastroepiploic
      arteries were sources of hemorrhage. Operative procedures included local control
      of bleeding (six patients), distal pancreatectomy (three patients), and
      pancreaticoduodenectomy (one patient). Four patients died of hemorrhagic
      complications of pancreatic disease, including one not subjected to operation.
      Extirpation of diseased pancreatic tissue may lessen the morbidity and mortality
      attributed to this complication of pancreatitis.

PMID- 1083232
TI  - [Regeneration of the gastric mucosa under conditions of massive blood loss].
AB  - The autoradiographic method was used for a comparative study of regeneration of
      the gastric mucosa after wounding the rat with a preliminary loss of blood and
      without it. The H3-thymidin label index was determined in the portions of the
      mucosa of the wound edge and far from it. A histological analysis of healing the
      wounds failed to reveal any difference in terms of this process in rats with a
      loss of blood and without it. A momentary massive loss of blood did not influence
      the strain and intracellular regeneration processes in the healing wound of the
      stomach: the amount of cells synthesizing DNA at the edges of the gastrotonic
      wound proved to be the same in experiments both with a loss of blood and without
      it. The authors believe that it may serve as an indirect evidence of a somewhat
      exaggerated danger of surgery at the height of gastroduodenal bleeding.

PMID- 1083233
TI  - Slow saccades in spinocerebellar degeneration.
AB  - Two patients with spinocerebellar degeneration made abnormally slow horizontal
      refixations. One patient produced quick phases of nystagmus with identical
      maximum velocities, suggesting her refixations were abnormal saccades and not
      voluntary pursuit movements. In response to double target jumps, neither patient
      showed an obligatory refractory period after each saccade; they responded to
      every target movement after one reaction time. Their slow refixations were not
      preprogrammed since they could be modified in flight. To reconcile these
      observations with normal saccadic behavior, we hypothesized a neural network that
      made saccades by driving the eyes to an orbital position rather than
      preprogramming a distance for movement. Computer simulation of this model
      produced both realistically appearing normal saccades and, when appropriately
      "lesioned" to simulate a loss of saccadic "burst" neurons in the pontine
      reticular formation, slow saccades that could be modified in flight.

PMID- 1083234
TI  - [Histogenesis of the immune system of the "nude" mouse. IV. The ultrastructure of
      the thymus anlage in 12 and 13 days old embryos (author's transl)].
AB  - The development of the thymus of the heterozygous (nu/+) mouse is
      indistinguishable from that of "normal" mice (Groscurth and Kistler, 1975).
      However, previous studies have shown that the thymus anlage of the homozygous
      (nu/nu) mouse differs significantly from that of its nu/+ counterpart. This
      morphological deviation becomes detectable by light microscopy during the 13th
      day post conceptionem (p.c.). It was assumed that, at the ultrastructural level,
      this maldifferentiation could become manifest at an earlier developmental stage.
      Therefore, the thymus anlage of 12 and 13 day-old nu/nu and ICR embryos was
      investigated electron microscopically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The "nude" mice
      with the genetic background BALB/c were kept under the same conditions as
      described previously (Groscurth and Kistler, 1975). Mice of the strain ICR were
      used as controls. Virgin nu/nu females were mated with nu/nu males and the
      pregnant animals were sacrificed on the 12th of 13th day p. c. The embryos were
      fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in I% OsO4 and embedded in Epon.

PMID- 1083235
TI  - A fine structure study of human thymus.
AB  - A study of the fine structure of human thymus, including normal hyperplastic and
      with thymoma, is reported in this paper. There is increasing experimental
      evidence that thymic epithelial cells are a source of hormone. It is, therefore,
      of interest that we found epithelial cells containing intravesicular cytoplasmic
      material that reacted with silver methenamine as do mucoproteins. Similar
      material, possibly extracellular, was seen in close contact with lymphocytes and
      macrophages in the thymus. The results suggest a possible mechanism for
      epithelial cell/lymphocyte interaction. Some epithelial cells also showed
      phagocytic features and all appear to play a structural role. The presence of
      nuclear pockets was noted within lymphocyte nuclei.

PMID- 1083236
TI  - [Experiences in cooperative research: Special Research Area 54 "Rheumatoid
      diseases of cattle"].

PMID- 1083237
TI  - Esophageal varices in Felty's syndrome: A case report and review of the
      literature.
AB  - A case of upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage secondary to esophageal varices
      in a patient with Felty's syndrome prompted a review of the pathogenesis and
      treatment of this condition. Six previously reported cases of this association
      were found. The clinical picture is that of long-standing rheumatoid arthritis
      with severe articular and extraarticular manifestations including splenomegaly,
      depression of the blood elements, mild liver function abnormalities, portal
      hypertension without cirrhosis or portal vein obstruction, an elevated splenic
      blood flow, and a reduction in portal hypertension by simple splenectomy. The
      presence of portal hypertension with varices may be another indication of
      splenectomy in patients with Felty's syndrome.

PMID- 1083238
TI  - Comprehensive study of humoral and cellular immune abnormalities in 26 patients
      with systemic amyloidosis.
AB  - Serum immunoglobulin abnromalities in nonfamilial and systemic primary
      amyloidosis are distinct from those seen in multiple myeloma and more closely
      resemble those seen in benign monoclonal gammopathy. Surface lymphocyte
      characteristics also differentiate amyloid patients with or without monoclonal
      immunoglobulins from those with malignant B-cell dyscrasias. In vitro lymphocyte
      transformation with phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen is normal in
      amyloidosis, but T-cell function is significantly depressed in both primary and
      secondary amyloid disease as measured by concanavalin A responses.

PMID- 1083239
TI  - Antibody-mediated lymphocytotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - Lymphocyte-dependent antibody cytotoxicity (LDAC) was studied using peripheral
      blood and in some instances synovial fluid cells from patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). No difference from normal
      controls was observed with peripheral blood lymphocytes from either RA or SLE.
      Marked decrement in LDAC effector cell activity was present particularly with RA
      synovial fluid cells. Sera from patients with RA or SLE as well as RA synovial
      fluids markedly inhibited LDAC.

PMID- 1083240
TI  - Effect of the calf thymus extract on immunologic reactivity in patients with
      hypogammaglobulinaemia.

PMID- 1083241
TI  - The watershed: a factor in coronary vein graft occlusion.
AB  - In 50 patients with one or more aortocoronary saphenous vein grafts investigated
      by angiography the patency rate of grafts inserted into arteries with a total
      proximal occlusion was significantly higher than of those inserted into arteries
      with a proximal stenosis. The interval between operation and investigation in the
      two groups was similar. In 10 patients with double grafts, one to an occluded and
      one to a non-occluded artery, there were 7 with one blocked graft, in each case
      to the non-occluded artery. In the other 3 both grafts were patent. A watershed
      was shown at angiography in one patient with a graft inserted into a stenosed
      artery; the distal run-off appeared good, but reflux of the contrast up the
      coronary artery into the aorta occurred when injecting into the graft, and vice
      versa. This watershed may operate to a minor degree in all grafts inserted into
      non-occluded arteries, and by causing stasis at the anastomosis, could explain
      the higher incidence of graft occlusion in this group. Ligation of the coronary
      artery proximal to the anastomosis may therefore be necessary to achieve the
      highest patency rate.

PMID- 1083242
TI  - Long-term results of arterial counterpulsation in acute severe cardiac failure
      complicating myocardial infarction.
AB  - Thirty patients were discharged from hospital after treatment with arterial
      counterpulsation for acute severe heart failure complicating myocardial
      infarction. Seventeen patients had been in cardiogenic shock--13 with power
      failure alone, and 4 with a mechanical complication which required corrective
      surgery. Thirteen patients were in impending or 'preshock'. The follow-up period
      after infarction averaged 13-1 months. Results were good in 'preshock' patients,
      and in shocked patients with a surgically correctable mechanical complication.
      Results were poor in shocked patients with power failure alone. Counterpulsation
      has an important supportive role in the treatment of complicated myocardial
      infarction, provided that intervention is prompt and mechanical complications, if
      present, are corrected early.

PMID- 1083243
TI  - Proceedings: Myocardial infarction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass
      grafting.

PMID- 1083244
TI  - Proceedings: The watershed: a factor in coronary vein graft occlusion.

PMID- 1083245
TI  - The effect of methotrexate on spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomata in female C3H
      mice.
AB  - The effect of methotrexate on solid rodent tumours has been investigated using
      the spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma of the female C3H/Bts mouse. As these
      tumours exhibit a wide range of volume doubling times, calculations of tumour
      response to methotrexate must be related to doubling time. When methotrexate is
      injected into the tumour a dose-dependent tumour response is obtained. Systemic
      citrovorum "rescue" prevents methotrexate lethalities but reduces tumour response
      by a factor of 2. Methotrexate-treated tumours have an increased volume doubling
      time post treatment.

PMID- 1083246
TI  - Lysosomal acid hydrolases in human lymphocyte subpopulations.
AB  - Acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activities have been determined
      cytochemically in T, B and null lymphocytes as part of an effort to charaterize
      the human haemopoietic stem cell. A combination of weak acid phosphatase activity
      and strong beta glucuronidase staining, in the form of a single large granule,
      has been shown to be specific for T cells. On the basis of this approach alone,
      non-T cells could not be further subclassified. Further cytochemical evaluation
      is being explored.

PMID- 1083247
TI  - Biosynthesis of 3'-deoxyadenosine by Cordyceps militaris. Mechanism of reduction.
AB  - The biosynthesis of 3'-deoxyadenosine (cordycepin) by Cordyceps militaris has
      been investigated using [U-14C]adenosine and [3-3H]ribose. Crystallization of the
      resulting radioactive 3'-deoxyadenosine to a constant specific activity showed
      incorporation of both labeled compounds. A control showed that the 3H:14C ratio
      of the AMP isolated from the RNA was the same as the 3H:14C ratio in the 3'
      deoxyadenosine. The 14C ratio in the adenine: ribose of the [U-14C]adenosine
      added to the 3'-deoxyadenosine producing cultures of C. militaris and of the
      isolated 3'-deoxyadenosine was the same, e.g. 50:50. These data provide strong
      evidence that adenosine in converted to 3'-deoxyadenosine without hydrolysis of
      the N-riboside bond. Degradation of the 3-deoxyribose from 3'-deoxyadenosine
      showed that the 3H was retained on carbon-3. These results suggest that the
      formation of 3'-deoxyadenosine may proceed by a reductive mechanism similar to
      that for the formation of 2'-deoxynucleotides.

PMID- 1083248
TI  - Circular dichroism of rhodopsins and porphyropsins.
AB  - Circular dichroism and absorption spectra were determined for digitonin extracts
      of three rhodopsins: cattle, grass frog, and pigeon; and three porphyropsins:
      channel catfish, bluegill sunfish, and redear sunfish. A comparison of these
      spectra shows the following: (1) Porphyropsins, like rhodopsins, exhibit two
      positive CD peaks in the spectral region 320--700 nm: an alpha peak at about 520
      nm and a small beta peak at about 355 nm. These peaks substantially diminish upon
      bleaching. (2) In the CD spectra the alpha peaks of the porphyropsins are larger
      than the alpha peaks of the rhodopsins, while the beta peaks are smaller than
      those of the rhodopsins. This is just the opposite of the corresponding
      relationship between the peaks in the absorption spectra. (3) The maxima of these
      peaks in the CD spectra of rhodopsins and porphyropsins are consistently
      blueshifted from corresponding maxima in absorption spectra. (4) Some of the
      visual pigments show additional positive CD peaks in the spectral region 250--320
      nm. In all the visual pigments studied, the CD spectra in this region decrease on
      bleaching. No reciprocal relationship is observed between any of the CD bands in
      the visible and near ultraviolet region of the spectrum.

PMID- 1083249
TI  - The rate of rhodopsin phosphorylation in isolated rentinas of frog and cattle.
AB  - Phosphorylation of rhodopsin has been measured in isolated retinas incubated with
      32P-phosphate under physiological conditions. The half-time of the light-induced
      phosphorylation was found to be approximately 2 min with frog retinas at 21
      degrees C, and in the order of 1--2 min with cattle retinas at 36 degrees C. It
      is suggested by this slow rate that the phosphorylation reaction is not directly
      involved in the chain of events which lead from absorption of a photon to
      excitation of the photoreceptor cells but may perhaps have a regulatory function
      in controlling light/dark adaptation.

PMID- 1083250
TI  - Cytidine-5'-monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid. Asialoglycoprotein sialic acid
      transferase activity in liver and serum of patients with juvenile hepatic
      cirrhosis and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - The molecular basis for the accumulation of a substance which displays the
      immunological reactivity of alpha-1-antitrypsin within vesicles of liver
      parenchymal cells of individuals with hepatic cirrhosis and serum alpha-1
      antitrypsin deficiency remains unclear. We recently reported that serum from a
      patient with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and hepatic cirrhosis was
      substantially deficient in sialyltransferease (EC 2.4.99.1) an enzyme which
      transfers sialic acid from cytidine 5'-monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid to a
      variety of asialoglycoprotein acceptors. In the present report we have extended
      these studies to include serum from five additional patients with alpha-1
      antitrypsin deficiency and juvenile hepatic cirrhosis as well as a liver specimen
      obtained at autopsy of one of these patients. We find the sialytransferase
      activity in serum from six patients with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and
      hepatic cirrhosis to be 50% of healthy pediatric control values and 30% of
      pediatric patients with liver disease. However, serum from family members
      homozygous for alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency but without hepatic cirrhosis, and
      serum from patients with a variety of other kinds of liver disease, failed to
      exhibit the marked sialytransferase deficiency. Similar assays carried out on a
      homogenate of a liver sample from one patient with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency
      and hepatic cirrhosis indicated that the deficiency of sialyltransferase activity
      was not demonstrable in liver. Furthermore, a comparative kinetic analysis of
      serum and liver sialytransferase in normal and afflicted individuals failed to
      detect differences in substrate affinities which might account for a decrease in
      functional sialyltransferase capacity in individuals with alpha-1-antitrypsin
      deficiency and hepatic cirrhosis. These observations suggest that the serum
      sialyltransferase deficiency in such patients probably arises after chronic and
      extensive liver disease involving hepatic accumulation of alpha-1-antitrypsin
      rather than the enzyme deficiency being the primary cause of the hepatic
      cirrhosis and alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1083251
TI  - Inhibition of urokinase by complex formation with human alpha1-antitrypsin.
AB  - Human alpha1-antitrypsin was prepared from fresh human plasma by (NH4)-SO4
      precipitation, gel filtration, affinity chromatography on concanavalin A, ion
      exchange chromatography and isotachophoresis. Human urokinase (EC 3.4.99.26)
      (plasminogen activator from urine) with M, 46 000 and 36 000 was further purified
      from Urokinase Leo reagent preparation by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100
      Superfine. The hydrolytic activity of urokinase on acetyl-glycyl-L-lysine methyl
      ester acetate (Ac-Gly-Lys-OMeAc) was inhibited in a strong time-dependent manner
      by alpha1-antitrypsin. Complex formation between enzyme and inhibitor could be
      demonstrated in crossed immunoelectrophoresis against anti-alpha1-antitrypsin and
      anti-urokinase serum as well as by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. The latter method revealed the formation of 1:1 and 2:1 molar
      enzyme-inhibitor complexes.

PMID- 1083252
TI  - The type, amount, location, and energy transfer properties of the carotenoid in
      reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
AB  - Analysis of photosynthetic reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides
      strains 2.4.1 and Ga shows that each contains approx. 1 mol of a specific
      carotenoid per mol of reaction center. In strain 2.4.1. the carotenoid is
      spheroidene (1-methoxy-3,4-didehydro-1,2,7',8',-tetrahydro-psi,psi-carotene); in
      strain Ga, it is chloroxanthin (1-hydroxy-1, 2, 7', 8'-tetrahydro-psi,psi
      carotene). The carotenoid is bound to the same pair of proteins as are the
      bacteriochlorophylls and bacteriopheophytins of the reaction center. This binding
      induces strong circular dichroism in the absorption bands of the carotenoid. The
      carotenoid is close enough to the other pigments of the reaction center so that
      light energy transfers efficiently from the carotenoid to the
      bacteriochlorophyll, sensitizing bacteriochlorophyll fluorescence. The
      fluorescence polarization spectrum of the reaction centers shows that the
      transition vectors for the visible absorption bands of the carotenoid lie
      approximately parallel to the 600 nm (Qx) transition of the bacteriochlorophyll
      complex.

PMID- 1083253
TI  - Investigation of peptide-nucleotide interactions using template chromatography.
      The specific recognition of peptide sequences by oligodeoxy adenylic acids.
AB  - Polyvinylalcohol has been substituted with oligodeoxyadenylic acid and the
      resulting polyanion polyvinyl (pA)n irreversibly attached to DEAE-cellulose.
      Peptide-oligonucleotide interactions have been studied using a column
      chromatographic technique with the polyvinyl (pA)n-DEAE-cellulose as a stationary
      phase.

PMID- 1083254
TI  - Antinuclear factor-positive mental depression: a single disease entity?
AB  - Antinuclear factor (ANF) was present in the serum of about 30% of 53 patients
      newly admitted to the psychiatric hospital because of mental depression.
      Clinically, ANF-positive depression closely resembles manic-depressive psychosis
      but tends to be more resistant to treatment. It is suggested that ANF-positive
      depression may be a quite distinctive disease.

PMID- 1083255
TI  - Steroid-protein interactions in nonmammalian vertebrates. II. Steroids binding
      proteins in the serum of amphibians; a physiological approach.

PMID- 1083256
TI  - Electrophoretic mobility of blood lymphocytes in cancer patients.
AB  - Determination of electrophoretic mobility of lymphocytes in 70 cancer patients
      shows a significant decrease of the fast moving cells. It seems to be a relation
      between the percentage or absolute number of the rapid lymphocytes and
      dissemination and prognosis of the disease. This decrease is in agreement with
      the variations of the T lymphocyte population described in cancer patients with
      other methods. On the contrary, although there is reduction of total blood
      lymphocytes, the number of slow moving cells is not reduced. The changes observed
      in mean migration speed of fast and slow migrating lymphocytes could indicate
      more selective alterations in some cell subpopulations.

PMID- 1083257
TI  - Formation of mouse red cell rosettes by "hairy" cells.
AB  - Rosette formation with mouse red cells was observed in the "hairy" cells of four
      cases of leukaemic reticuloendotheliosis. A similar observation was made on B
      lymphocytes from chronic lymphoid leukaemia but the monocytes in monocytoid
      leukaemia did not form rosettes. This finding provides new evidence for the B
      cell nature of the "hairy" cell.

PMID- 1083258
TI  - Ultrastructural abnormalities of the chondrocytes of the growth cartilage of a
      type of poly-epiphyseal dysplasia with a probable autosomal recessive
      transmission.
AB  - In two cases of polyepiphyseal dysplasia with a probable autosomal recessive
      transmission, ultrastructural abnormalities were found in the chondrocytes of the
      tibial epiphyseal growth plate. The largest part of the chondrocytes is occupied
      by many large vacuoles. They are bounded by a single membrane and have an
      electron-lucent background in which electron-opaque granules and delicate spiral
      filaments are visible. The ultrastructural abnormalities suggest a storage
      disorder probably limited to the chondrocytes.

PMID- 1083259
TI  - [Effect of thymocyte autotransplantation on postradiation regeneration of
      hematopoiesis].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on Wistar rats irradiated in a dose of 400 R; a study
      was made of the effect of thymocyte autotransplantation (4-10(8)--8-10(8)) on the
      restoration of cell number of the bone marrow and the spleen. There was revealed
      a significant stimulating effect of autotransplantation of thymocytes on the
      erythroid and granulocytic series in the bone marrow and on the lymphoid one in
      the spleen during the restoration (the 5 th-- 7 th days) after the irradiation.
      Irradiation of the thymocyte suspension with gamma-rays in a dose of 10 000 R
      failed to prevent the effect of autotransplantation on the bone marrow, but
      decreased its stimulating effect. A conclusion was drawn on the interaction of
      the administered thymocytes with the stem hemopoietic cell.

PMID- 1083260
TI  - [Hyperpolarization of frog skin exposed to furosemide].
AB  - When applied only to the outer surface of the isolated frog skin furosemide
      caused a prompt, dose-related (0.1--1.0 mg/ml) and fully reversible increase in
      potential difference; it did not change the short-circuit current, however.
      Potential differences were not altered by furosemide in the Ringer-sulphate
      solution. Furosemide-induced increase of potential differences could be reversed
      by nystatine which increased the ionic permeability. These results suggest that
      furosemide could decrease the passive entrance of chlorides through the barrier
      of the apical cell membrane of the frog skin.

PMID- 1083261
TI  - [Aggregate-hemagglutination test for anti-erythrocyte antibodies].
AB  - A new test for detection of antierythrocyte antibodies is described; one of its
      variants is three orders of magnitude more sensitive than the classic Coombs
      test. The proposed procedures are based on the agglutination of the red blood
      cells following addition of test-erythrocytes coated with the aggregated proteins
      of an antiglobulin serum. Results of application of the technique for diagnosis
      of the autoimmune hemolytic anemia showed its high specificity and the absence of
      prozone phenomenon.

PMID- 1083262
TI  - [Cytotoxic effect of lymphotoxin on a culture of macrophages].
AB  - Results of study of the cytotoxic effect of the lymphotoxin on the monolayer
      culture of the peritoneal macrophages used as target cells are presented. The
      lymphotoxin was obtained following an 18-hour incubation of the lymph node cells
      of guinea pigs with delayed hypersensitivity to tuberculoproteins, in the
      presence of the specific antigen (tuberculin). It was shown that only on the 5th-
      6th day of cultivation did the supernatants destroy more than half of the
      macrophages in 70% of the experiments. The death of the macrophages during the
      later periods of cultivation, in comparing with the L-cells, suggests a different
      resistance of these target-cells to the cytotoxic effect of the lymphotoxin.

PMID- 1083263
TI  - Granulopoiesis in severe congenital neutropenia.
AB  - The pathogenesis of the granulopoietic failure in three children with severe
      congenital neutropenia was studied. Mature neutrophils were absent from both
      peripheral blood and bone marrow. Assay of bone marrow granulocyte colony-forming
      cells (CFU-C) in a methylcellulose tissue culture system using colony-stimulating
      activity (CSA) from peripheral blood leukocytes demonstrated normal or increased
      concentrations of CFU-C compared to those from marrows of 60 age-matched
      controls. Colonies were of normal size and by light microscopy appeared to
      contain granulocytes in all stages of maturation including the mature
      polymorphonuclear neutrophil. CFU-C from peripheral blood of two patients were
      normal. Production and activity of CSA from the patients' peripheral blood
      leukocytes and urinary CSA excretion were normal. No serum inhibitors against CFU
      C or CSA could be demonstrated using both control and autologous marrow. The
      defect did not appear to be due to a lack of granulocytic stem cells, a reduction
      of humoral stimulators of granulopoiesis, nor the presence of an inhibitor as
      measured by these techniques.

PMID- 1083264
TI  - Decrease and altered distribution of human T antigen on chronic lymphatic
      leukemia cells of T type, suggesting a clonal origin.
AB  - B- and T-cell markers were studied in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
      and erythroderma. The absence of immunoglobulin, complement receptor, and Fc
      receptor, and the presence of sheep erythrocyte receptor and T-cell antigen on
      the membrane of the leukemic cells classified them as thymus derived. Using
      quantitative microphotometric immunoautoradiography, surface antigen densities
      were measured at the cellular level with the following results: (1) The density
      of T-antigenic sites was less on leukemic cells compared to normal T lymphocytes.
      (2) The T-antigen densities of leukemic lymphocytes varied less from cell to cell
      forming a homogeneous peak in histograms. (3) An Ig density of normal B
      lymphocytes was demonstrated on the residual T-antigen-negative cells. The
      results were qualitatively confirmed by direct immunofluorescence and electron
      microscopy with peroxidase-labeled antibodies. Furthermore, the surface antigens
      were quantitative microcomplement fixation test which revealed reduced binding of
      anti-T-cell antibodies and complement, and no antiglobulin fixation on the
      leukemic lymphocytes. Since lymphocytes with normal T-antigen concentration could
      not be found among the leukemic T lymphocytes, a lack of normal T cells was
      assumed. The findings that there was a decrease and altered distribution of
      surface markers on chronic lymphatic leukemia cells of the B- and T-cell type are
      discussed as further arguments referring to their clonal origin.

PMID- 1083265
TI  - Colony-stimulating factor in patients with chronic neutropenia.
AB  - Urinary and serum colony-stimulating factor (CSF) levels were measured in 11
      patients with chronic idiopathic neutropenia without infections and in 10 normal
      individuals. Urinary CSF output was determined using mouse marrow target cells,
      and serum CSF activity was assayed with human marrow target cells by the double
      agar layer technique. Using these methods, there was no significant difference
      between CSF levels of neutropenic and normal subjects. These data indicate that
      CSF levels are not inversely related to the blood neutrophil count in chronic
      idiopathic neutropenia and suggest that CSF is not a hormone regulating the blood
      neutrophil count in a manner analogous to the erythropoietin regulation of
      circulating erythrocyte levels.

PMID- 1083266
TI  - [Fc receptors and surface immunoglobulins in cells of hairy cell leukemia].
AB  - Using 125I-labelled aggregated IgG in a quantitative assay a strong expression of
      Fc-receptors was found on the leukemic cells of a patient with hairy cell
      leukemia. The Fc-receptor activity on these cells was much higher than that on
      monocytes and B-lymphocytes from normal blood. Surface immunoglobulins were
      detected by radioautography using radioactively labelled (Fab')2-fragments of
      monospecific antibodies directed against immunoglobulin heavy chains. Prior to
      radioautography the cells were stained for the tartrate resistant acid
      phosphatase. It was found that all cells containing this enzyme bore sigma-chains
      on their surface. On more than 90% of these cells a simultaneous expression of mu
      chains was detected. gamma-Chains could only be demonstrated on cells which were
      negative for the tartrate resistant acid phosphatase; part of these cells,
      however, were hairy cells by morphological criteria.

PMID- 1083267
TI  - [Anti-immunoglobulins in multiple myeloma and benign monoclonal
      hyperglobulinemia].
AB  - Sera from 50 healthy adults, from 21 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and from
      11 patients with benign monoclonal hyperglobulinaemia (BMH) and from 28 patients
      with sarcoidosis were examined for the presence of anti-IgG-activity by passive
      haemagglutination technique. 62% of healthy adults (titre less than 2) and all of
      the sera from patients with MM and BMH (titres 32-512) as well as 42% of the sera
      from sarcoidosis patients were found to be anti-IgG positive. The anti-IgG
      positive sera showed also anti-(Fab)2-activity (with the exeption of 2 sera from
      sarcoidosis patients). No significant differences could be found between anti-Ig
      activity in sera from MM patients with BMH. There was also seen no correlation of
      anti-Ig with the clinical course of the disease. After column chromatography we
      could detect the partially simultaneous presence of anti-Ig with anti-Fc
      specificity (MW ca. 900,000) and with (Fab)2-specificity (MW 150,000 or less than
      90,000). Antibody dependent cytotoxicity (using melanoma cell lines as targets)
      was significantly inhibited by the isolated anti-Ig-fractions with low molecular
      sizes (MW less than 90,000). From these results it seems possible that anti
      immunoglobulins may play a role in the clinical course of the disease.

PMID- 1083268
TI  - [Colony-stimulating activity in urine and serum in a child with cyclic
      neutropenia].
AB  - Colony stimulating activity (CSA) was estimated in daily urine samples and weekly
      plasma specimens of a 4-year-old girl with familial cyclic neutropenia. Nadirs of
      neutrophils and peaks of monocytes were found in regular cycles of 28 days. A
      close correlation was observed between nadirs of neutrophils and peaks of blood
      monocytes and colony stimulating activity in the urine. The role of colony
      stimulating factor as regulatory factor in granulopoiesis in cyclic neutropenia
      is discussed.

PMID- 1083269
TI  - [Effect of cordycepine on cultured chicken fibroblasts].
AB  - Cordycepin strongly inhibits cell multiplication in chick fibroblasts cultivated
      in vitro. Many cells cannot enter into mitosis and cell separation at telophase
      is disturbed. However, DNA synthesis takes place. Nucleolar alterations observed
      in the treated cells are probably responsible for some of these effects.

PMID- 1083270
TI  - [Determination of anti-cold agents in pharmaceutical preparations by the dual
      wavelength chromatoscanner (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083271
TI  - Isotonic and isometric responses of different tonic muscles to agonists and
      antagonists.
AB  - 1 With isotonic recording the percentage of muscle shortening as compared with
      the maximal possible shortening, and with isometric recording the percentage of
      developed tension were determined. In relatively 'thick' muscles, such as dorsal
      leech muscle, frog rectus abdominis or protractor pharynx of holothuria (0.3-0.8
      mm thick), the concentrations of a full agonist (carbachol) producing a given
      percentage of tension, (e.g. 50%) are about 5 times greater than the
      concentrations, producing the same percentage of shortening. In 'thin' muscles
      the difference between the percentage of shortening and tension is either small
      (retractor dentis of the sea urchin, 0.1 mm thick, response to carbachol) or
      absent (guinea-pig ileum, 0.06 mm thick, responses to methylfurmethide). The
      possible mechanism underlying this difference is discussed. 2 With partial
      agonists (dodecamethonium and heptamethonium) the fractional tension of the frog
      rectus abdominis is always less than the fractional shortening and the
      correlation between shortening and tension is the same as in the case of full
      agonists. 3 The blocking activity of (+)-tubocurarine on the frog rectus
      abdominis is the same in isotonic and in isometric conditions. 4 On the frog
      rectus abdominis the alkylating agent, decamethonium mustard, does not produce
      any 'parallel shift' of the dose-response curve for carbachol, the only result of
      alkylation being a decrease in maximal response, which is more pronounced in
      isometric than in isotonic conditions. The degree of decrease is in accordance
      with the correlation between percentage of shortening and percentage of tension
      in the absence of alkylating agent. Probably this muscle does not possess any
      'spare receptors'. 5 On the frog muscle the dose-isometric response curve for
      acetylcholine (ACh) is shifted toward greater concentration about 33-fold as
      compared with the dose-isotonic response curve but after the inhibition of
      cholinesterases the shift is only about 6-fold. The same shift (5-fold) is
      observed for carbachol, which is not hydrolysed by cholinesterases. The results
      with ACh are due to the fact, that after cholinesterase inhibition the
      sensitivity to ACh increases in isotonic conditions only 13-fold, but in
      isometric conditions it increases 71-fold. Probably under isometric conditions,
      when the muscle remains in the extended state, the rate of hydrolysis of ACh is
      much greater than under isotonic conditions when the muscle is shortened during
      contraction.

PMID- 1083272
TI  - Retrosternal goitre presenting as bleeding oesophageal varices.

PMID- 1083273
TI  - Letter: Radiology and endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1083274
TI  - Fetal complications of obstetric cholestasis.
AB  - Among 56 pregnancies complicated by obstetric cholestasis five intrauterine
      deaths and one neonatal death occurred between 33 and 39 weeks, and a further six
      infants required urgent delivery for intrapartum asphyxia. Eighteen spontaneous
      premature deliveries occurred. Five mothers required specific treatment for
      unexplained postpartum haemorrhage. Cholestasis of pregnancy is therefore not a
      condition benign to the fetus, and it may contribute to increased maternal
      morbidity.

PMID- 1083275
TI  - Study of female babies of women entering confinement with vaginal trichomoniasis.
AB  - A series of 868 women in the last 4 weeks of pregnancy were examined for the
      presence of T. vaginalis by direct microscopy of freshly prepared wet films and
      by three culture methods; 32 (3-7 per cent.) were found to give positive results.
      Fourteen of the mothers with trichomoniasis at confinement had female babies, and
      these, together with a matching fourteen controls, were examined on three
      occasions by identical methods and within 21 days of birth. No baby gave positive
      results. On statistical examination it is very unlikely that with a much larger
      sample the number of positive findings could have been greater than 23 per cent.
      This is at variance with recent Polish work. These results suggest that neonatal
      infection in female babies, although a recognized clinical entity, is rare and
      unlikely to make any substantial contribution to the high incidence of
      trichomoniasis in women.

PMID- 1083276
TI  - Rapidly transported proteins in sensory, motor and sympathetic nerves of the
      isolated frog nervous system.
AB  - The synthesis and rapid axonal transport of [35S]methionine-labelled proteins has
      been studied using the isolated frog spinal cord and peripheral nervous system.
      Polyaerylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulfate of synthesized and
      transported proteins revealed similar labelling patterns of proteins transported
      in the sensory, motor and sympathetic systems. The relative labelling pattern of
      transported proteins which accumulated at ligatures in peripheral nerves was
      different from those obtained from ganglia or nerves and roots when they were
      incubated in labelled methionine. When compared with methionine-labelled protein
      profiles of rapid axonal transport in other species and systems, a common set of
      rapidly transported proteins emerges. The approximate molecular weights of these
      common proteins include (in 1000 daltons): 18,24-29, 34-36, 57, 65-68, 100 and
      130. These proteins may represent fundamental macromolecules involved in the
      general maintenance of the function of nerve processes.

PMID- 1083277
TI  - Critique of item 404 (sesap ii).

PMID- 1083278
TI  - Myocardial infarction after aortocoronary bypass: etiologic factors.
AB  - To ascertain the frequency and probable determinants of myocardial infarction
      after aortocoronary bypass, two groups of patients were studied: a group of 20
      patients who underwent valve replacement of repair of congenital anomalies and a
      group of 24 patients who underwent aortocoronary bypass. Postoperative myocardial
      infarction was diagnosed by an increase in serum creatine phosphokinase
      concentration to a minimum of 1200 IU in two consecutive samples. The frequency
      of myocardial infarction differed between the groups, being only 5% in group 1
      but 20.4% in group 2. In the patients undergoing coronary artery surgery, the
      duration of bypass, the aortic cross-clamp time and the vent site did not
      influence the rate of infarction. However, the incidence of myocardial necrosis
      did correlate with the number of vessels bypassed. In no case was the clinical
      course influenced by the infarction. Our results suggest that the frequency of
      perioperative infarction is higher in coronary artery surgery than in other adult
      cardiac surgery, and that the most important determining factor is the number of
      diseased vessels.

PMID- 1083279
TI  - Prognostic significance of endocardial viability ratio in aortocoronary bypass
      surgery.
AB  - Although aortocoronary bypass (ACB) for patients with stable angina carries a low
      mortality, some unexpected deaths do occur. Since in patients with normal
      coronary arteries the endocardial viability ratio (EVR) can be correlated with
      subendocardial perfusion, with a ratio of 0.7 or less indicating ischemia of the
      left ventricular subendocardium, and since the EVR postoperatively is useful in
      determining the need for intra-aortic balloon pump assist (IABPA), it was decided
      to ascertain whether the EVR might have prognostic value in patients with stable
      angina scheduled for standard ACB. Three groups of patients were studied: 50 with
      stable angina, 24 who had died after ACB, and 18 who required IABPA for
      cardiogenic shock after surgery for stable angina. No significant differences
      were found for cardiac index, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, left
      ventricular ejection fraction and pre- and postoperative artery scores, but there
      were significant differences in the EVR between the first and second groups and
      between the first and third groups (P less than 0.01 in each instance). These
      findings suggest that the left ventricular EVR may indeed be of prognostic value
      in patients scheduled to undergo ACB and that use of IABPA, which produces an
      increase in EVR, may be useful in patients with EVRs of less than 0.7, even if
      other parameters of cardiac function are normal.

PMID- 1083280
TI  - Triple-vessel coronary artery disease: Effect of revascularization on late
      survival.
AB  - Of the first 600 patients to receive aortocoronary bypass grafts 383 had three
      diseased vessels, and of them 36 (9%) have died: 20 (5%) in hospital and 16 (4%)
      late. In 10 of those who died, ventricular function was normal, class I or class
      II and in the other 26 function was class III or class IV. For all ventricular
      classes except class IV, improvement in myocardial blood flow with operation was
      considerably lower than average in those who died. The leading cause of late
      death was congestive heart failure followed by myocardial infarction, and then by
      other cardiac complications. Of patients with good (normal, classes I or II)
      ventricular function, 3.5% died during a mean follow-up period of 27 months; and
      since, according to published reports, 1% of patients with triple-vessel disease
      without surgical intervention die each month, the data from this study suggest
      that survival in this group is improved by 23.5%. This study also shows that  in
      patients with triple-vessel disease and good ventricular function, adequate
      coronary artery bypass operations (i.e., placement of three grafts or more)
      improves survival.

PMID- 1083281
TI  - Development of Physaloptera maxillaris (Nematoda: Physalopteroidea) in skunk
      (Mephitis mephitis) and the role of paratenic and other hosts in its life cycle.

PMID- 1083282
TI  - Letter: Minimizing the incidence of ASA-induced occult gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1083283
TI  - Life tables as "predictors" of average longevity.
AB  - Selected figures from Canadian life tables have been analysed to illustrate one
      potential use of routinely collected and published data. A plea is made for the
      inclusion of the fundamentals of demography in undergraduate medical education.

PMID- 1083284
TI  - Combined (B- and T-lymphocyte) immunodeficiency in an Arabian foal.

PMID- 1083285
TI  - The effect of radiation therapy on lymphocyte subpopulations in cancer patients.
AB  - The proportion of T and B lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was determined in
      patients with either mammary cancer or with various pelvic malignancies. In
      cancer patients studied prior to irradiation the level of cells forming either E
      rosettes or EAC'-rosettes was similar to that found among healthy controls.
      Radiation therapy resulted in a striking lymphopenia. The level of cells with T
      cell markers was diminished to a greater extent than the level of cells with B
      cell markers. The relative proportion of T-cells forming high affinity E-rosettes
      was not reduced following radiation, so that it can be concluded that radiation
      affects predominantly the subpopulation of T-cells which do not form high
      affinity E-rosettes. Irradiation of the pelvic area resulted in a more rapid
      reduction of the level of T lymphocytes than irradiation of the mediastinum,
      although the final relative proportions of the cells were similar in both groups
      of patients. The results of the present study suggest that the reduction of the
      level of T lymphocytes following irradiation results from its effect on the
      lymphocytes in the major blood vessels, and that radiation of the thymus is not a
      prerequisite for this phenomenon.

PMID- 1083286
TI  - Failure of leucovorin rescue to prevent reactivation of a solar burn after high
      dose methotrexate.
AB  - A 21-year-old patient with metastatic osteosarcoma was receiving methotrexate
      with leucovorin rescue every 2 weeks. After the second (of four) infusions of
      methotrexate, a prior solar burn on an area of skin was reactivated in spite of
      leucovorin rescue. An area of skin treated 5 months previously by radiation was
      spared the effects of the reactivation phenomenon. No other toxicities appeared.
      The reactivation of the solar burn is an example of "false photosensitization"
      and this cutaneous toxicity is not ameliorated by leucovorin. Methotrexate
      therapy should be delayed until the effects of generalized solar burns have
      resolved (approximately 1 week).

PMID- 1083287
TI  - Tumor cell characterization in mycosis fungoides.
AB  - Five patients with tumor stage mycosis fungoides had tumor lesions excised and
      examined by light and electron microscopy. The tumor cells were also isolated and
      the percentages of E rosettes (T cells) and EAC rosettes (B cells) were
      determined and the rosettes examined by electron microscopy. The predominant cell
      type isolated from four of the five tumors was a T cell. Peripheral lymphocyte
      function measured by LTT to phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen was normal.
      Serum immunoglobulins gave variable results. The results support the concept that
      mycosis fungoides is primarily a T cell tumor involving the skin and
      morphologically similar to the Sezary cell.

PMID- 1083288
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a comparison of tumor-derived
      cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - T- and B-cell markers of lymphocytes in peripheral blood, involved node and
      spleen, PHA response of peripheral blood lymphocytes, serum immunoglobulin
      levels, and skin test reactivity to six common antigens were studied in 16 cases
      of untreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Impaired response of peripheral lymphocytes
      to PHA was observed in 13 of 16 cases, regardless of the proportion of T
      lymphocytes. Of 12 cases in which skin tests were done, two were positive and had
      a normal PHA response, seven cases were positive in spite of low PHA response,
      and three were negative with low PHA response. In the lymph nodes from involved
      areas two cases showed monoclonal increase of B-cells, five showed "null" cell
      increase, and the remaining nine showed no increase or decrease of subpopulation
      of lymphocytes. No correlation with surface marker of lymphocytes to histologic
      classification was seen. From the above observations it was concluded: 1) a low
      PHA response in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was not due to the decreased population of
      T-cells; 2) a low PHA response may not necessarily indicate impaired delayed
      hypersensitivity; and 3) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma can be classified in the
      following ways--B-cell proliferative type, "null" cell increase type, and normal
      T/B proportion type.

PMID- 1083289
TI  - The accumulated effects of repeated systemic or local injections of low doses of
      Corynebacterium parvum in mice.
AB  - The effects of 14 weekly injections, s.c. or i.v., of "human equivalent" doses
      (5.25 mg/sq m) of Corynebacterium parvum (CP) in mice have been compared. Both
      s.c. and i.v. CP caused significant splenomegaly and antibody to CP, but
      stimulation was considerably greater after i.v. CP. Delayed hypersensitivity
      levels to CP were similar after s.c. and i.v. injection. T-cell competence, as
      judged by phytohemagglutinin reactivity and delayed hypersensitivity to sheep
      cells, was unimpaired after s.c. CP and augmented by i.v. CP. Activated
      peritoneal macrophages capable of nonspecifically inhibiting tumor growth in
      vitro were detected only after i.v. CP, and in vivo resistance to tumor cell
      challenge was greater after CP administered i.v. than s.c.

PMID- 1083290
TI  - Secondary in vitro lymphocyte-proliferative responses to syngeneic plasma cell
      tumors.
AB  - Two characteristics of immune responses to weakly immunogenic plasma cell tumors
      were demonstrated in this study. (a) Elevated lymphoproliferative responses
      following in vivo inoculation of sublethal doses of plasma cell tumors were
      detected by a mixed lymphocyte-tumor interaction (MLTI) assay. Specificity of
      elevated MLTI responses correlated with resistance to in vivo tumor challenge.
      These responses were dependent upon the presence of thymus-derived cells. (b)
      Spleen and lymph node cells showed markedly different patterns of MLTI activity
      following plasma cell tumor immunization. Spleen cell responses were depressed
      for the first 30 days postimmunization, whereas lymph node cells showed augmented
      MLTI reactivity immediately after immunization. These observations indicated that
      lymphocyte populations from different lymphoid organs may show widely dissimilar
      responses in vitro at the same point in the in vivo development of tumor
      resistance.

PMID- 1083291
TI  - [Alpha 1 antitrypsin and chronic bronchitis].

PMID- 1083292
TI  - Ultrastructural studies on neurophysine-containing vesicles of the neurosecretory
      system of vertebrates.
AB  - A new method described in the present paper allows identification of neurophysine
      containing (NP) vesicles of the magnocellular neurosecretory system of
      vertebrates. After oxidation of ultrathin sections, the content of NP vesicles
      can be dissolved specifically in an alkaline medium. This procedure marks NP
      vesicles selectively in all portions of the classical neurosecretory system.

PMID- 1083293
TI  - Synthesis and intracellular transport of proteins in the exocrine pancreas of the
      frog (Rana esculenta). II. An in vitro study of the transport process and the
      influence of temperature.
AB  - Frog pancreatic tissue was pulse-labelled in vitro with 3H-leucine and protein
      transport was studied in exocrine cells by electron microscope autoradiography.
      The proteins appeared to be synthesized in the RER and transported to the
      secretory granules along a similar route and with the same velocity as previously
      described under in vitro conditions. Evidence was obtained for the involvement of
      the vesicular and tubular elements at the periphery of the Golgi system in
      transferring protein from the RER to the Golgi cisternae. Kinetics of the release
      of newly synthesized proteins from the RER and their appearance in the condensing
      vacuoles are discussed and related to results reported from other tissues. The
      transport velocity in this poikilothermic system was studied in relation to the
      incubation temperature and compared with results reported from its mammalian
      counterpart. At temperatures between 20 and 30 degrees C intracellular protein
      transport occurs faster in the frog than in the Guinea pig pancreas. At higher
      temperature the transport process was severely disturbed in the frog.

PMID- 1083294
TI  - A clinically useful coding system for normal coronary artery anatomy.
AB  - Cine coronary arteriograms of 121 patients with normal coronary arteriograms with
      and without associated valvular or myocardial disease were reviewed to describe
      normal coronary artery anatomy and the distribution of potentially graftable
      vessels. Coronary arterio grams were divided into right, mixed, and left interior
      emphasis systems, depending upon the blood supply to the inferior surface of the
      left ventricle. Whether a coronary artery at its origin was less than 50%,
      between 50-70% of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) at its
      origin was described in a simple lettering and numbering code to allow easy
      comparison. The diameter of the LAD at its origin averaged 4.2 mm. All vessels
      greater than 70% of the LAD were clearly graftable. The frequency (in percent)
      with which that vessel was greater than 70% of the LAD in right, mixed, and left
      systems, respectively, was as follows: right coronary artery 100. 100. 0. LAD
      100. 100. 100. intermediate artery 8.7 12.5 33.3 obtuse marginal artery 53.7 43.7
      44.4 atrioventricular groove artery 0. 56.2 100. diagonal branch of the LAD 15.
      6.3 11.1. This simple method of classification is recommended to provide more
      accurate comparison in published series and to assist the coronary arteriographer
      in his interpretations.

PMID- 1083295
TI  - An additional angiographic sign for determining coronary artery dominance in
      obstructive coronary artery disease.
AB  - An additional angiographic sign for determining coronary artery dominance is
      proposed. This sign is based on the anatomic pattern of the infraventricular
      branches in the left anterior oblique view. It is especially helpful in patients
      in whom the right coronary and/or left circumflex coronary arteries are
      completely occluded and distal vessels are filled via collaterals.

PMID- 1083296
TI  - Preoperative coronary angiographic prediction of bypass flow and short-term
      patency.
AB  - A quantitative preoperative coronary angiographic index was defined in 148
      patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Each diseased vessel was scored 0
      3, for both diameter and quality of run-off. The sum of the scores for diameter
      and run-off constituted the numerical index for the diseased vessel. Correlations
      between the index and graft flow measured by electromagnetic flow meter at
      surgery were established in 259 bypassed vessels. The highest scores (5-6) were
      associated with higher flows, and the lower scores (0-4) with the lower flows (P
      less than 0.005). Repeat angiography performed 2 wk postoperatively in 110
      patients demonstrated 174 graft patencies and 15 graft closures. Mean flow in
      open grafts was 82 +/- 41 ml/mn vs. 60 +/- 23ml/mn in closed grafts (P less than
      0.005). It is concluded that graft flow is predictable from preoperative Coronary
      Angiographic Index and that higher flow and index scores are more likely to be
      associated with graft patency than low flows and index scores.

PMID- 1083297
TI  - 105 mm photofluorography: an adjunct to the study of coronary arterial and
      vascular disease.
AB  - Obtaining high resolution static films through an image intensifier has been made
      possible by recent developments in radiographic equipment. Serial
      photofluorography 105 mm spot filming has been used successfully to complement
      cine coronary arteriography in approximately 700 patients. Many patients with
      coronary heart disease have diffuse peripheral atheromatous changes which are
      also suitable to study by serial 105 mm photofluorography. Aortic arch, abdominal
      aortography, and peripheral studies are easily and quickly performed in
      conjunction with coronary arteriography. Satisfactory results still depend upon
      skillful application by the angiographer of this imaging mode and proper
      processing of the film. Advantages of photofluorographic filming over
      conventional large film techniques include lower radiation exposure, reduction of
      costs, and easier film handling and storage. Most important is the facilitation
      of the performance of angiographic studies since constant television monitoring
      of the catheter and the contrast injections is possible. Disadvantages include
      restricted area of coverage and slight decrease in resolution. Our experience
      indicates that photofluorography may be relied upon in the study of vascular
      disease eliminating the need for large film changers in a laboratory used
      primarily for cardiac diagnosis.

PMID- 1083298
TI  - Surface properties of cells involved in antibody-dependent cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1083299
TI  - Studies on the electrophoretic separability of B and T human lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083300
TI  - Fate of H2-activated T lymphocytes in syngeneic hosts. I. Fate in lymphoid
      tissues and intestines traced with 3H-thymidine, 125I-deoxyuridine and
      51chromium.

PMID- 1083301
TI  - Effect of surface-active agent on the active transport of sodium in frog skin.

PMID- 1083302
TI  - [Protizinic acid in rheumatoid diseases (apropos of 43 studies in a tropical
      environment)].

PMID- 1083303
TI  - Characteristics of pregnant women who report previous induced abortions.
AB  - Associations between previous induced abortion and demographic and health factors
      in pregnancy were measured in 9 874 women who gave birth and who had been
      interviewed during pregnancy. Previous abortion was most rare among women having
      their first baby and increased with increasing birth order up to the fourth,
      thereafter decreasing. It was positively correlated with maternal age and
      negatively with age at marriage. There was no effect of years of schooling, when
      other variables were taken into account, but there were significant differences
      between ethnic groups, abortion being commonest among Jewish women from North
      African countries and more prevalent in those from western and Asian countries
      than in the second-generation Israel-born or in Arab women.Women who reported
      abortions were less likely to be strict as regards religious observance and less
      likely to have had a previous stillbirth or child death, other variables being
      equal. They were more likely to be smokers or former smokers and to be delivered
      of their babies in certain obstetric units. They more often reported vomiting,
      bleeding, and medication in early pregnancy. On the other hand, there was no
      significant association with diabetes, anaemia, blood groups, or season of
      birth.The findings show that women reporting previous induced abortions differ
      significantly from other pregnant women in a wide range of demographic and health
      characteristics. Such women may also be biased for complications of pregnancy and
      outcome, particularly if selected from a clinic population. Observations that
      indicate a deleterious effect of induced abortions on subsequent pregnancy
      outcomes must therefore be interpreted with considerable caution.

PMID- 1083304
TI  - Family planning for the mentally handicapped.

PMID- 1083305
TI  - The relationship of race, sex, and age to concentrations of serum immunoglobulins
      expressed in international units in healthy adults in the USA.
AB  - Only a few investigations have been made to obtain human serum immunoglobulin
      values in units compatible with those used by the WHO International Reference
      Preparation for the Human Immunoglobulins IgG, IgA, and IgM. We report our
      summary statistics of serum IgG, IgA, and IgM, in international units (IU), for
      some 800 healthy American adults grouped by age, sex, and race. Our findings are
      in general agreement with some, but not with all, published data. We found that
      the mean IgG concentration is markedly higher and the mean IgA concentration is
      slightly higher in blacks than in whites. Except for white females, there was a
      significant increase in mean IgA with age for both races. In the younger adults
      of both races, mean IgM values were markedly higher in females than in males.
      Statistically significant interactions between race, age, and sex factors were
      seen for all three immunoglobulin classes. Although we have attempted to estimate
      the normal population means and variances for the serum concentration of IgG,
      IgA, and IgM the process we used to select specimens may have resulted in some
      bias; much larger, truly randomized, and fully documented studies in different
      geographic areas and in different socioeconomic and racial groups are needed to
      provide accurate acceptable limits for human immunoglobulins.

PMID- 1083306
TI  - Specificity of the 48-hour reaction to Mitsuda antigen. Use of a soluble antigen
      from human and armadillo lepromin.
AB  - Two antigens were tested and compared in relation to the 48-h Fernandez reaction.
      They were obtained from standard human and from standard armadillo lepromin. All
      the tests were negative in patients with lepromatous leprosy and highly positive
      in those with tuberculoid leprosy and in lepromin-positive contacts. There was
      total agreement in all tests done with the two types of antigen. The antigenic
      component has the following basic properties: it precipitates with 80% saturated
      ammonium sulfate; it is not destroyed by autoclaving or by treatment with 0.4%
      phenol; it is non-dialysable; and it is destroyed by treatment with trypsin.

PMID- 1083307
TI  - Tests with three antigens in leprosy-endemic and non-endemic areas.
AB  - A study comparing the 48-h and 30-day reactions produced by three antigens was
      made in areas of low and high leprosy endemicity in Venezuela and in areas of
      Chile, a non-endemic country. The antigens used for the intradermal tests were
      standard Mitsuda antigen, supernatant from standard Mitsuda antigen, and PPD. The
      results indicate that there is no difference in the Mitsuda reaction of persons
      living in areas of high or low endemicity, but they show a statistically
      significant difference between the reactions in persons who live in endemic areas
      and those of persons living in a country where the disease has not been
      described. The difference in the Fernandez reaction obtained with the supernatant
      was not statistically significant between the two population groups in the
      endemic country, but was highly significant when comparing the endemic and the
      non-endemic countries.

PMID- 1083308
TI  - Immunopathology of nephropathies associated with malaria.
AB  - Immune complexes play an important role in the pathogenesis of malaria-associated
      nephropathies. Two main types of lesion are demonstrable: (a) acute (transient
      reversible) lesions typical of falciparum infections in man, with mild clinical
      symptoms developing a week or two after infection. Renal biopsies at that time
      show deposits of immunoglobulins, complement, and sometimes antigen. The lesions
      respond to antimalarials. (b) Chronic (progressive) lesions characteristic of
      quartan infections in man, developing slowly into a chronic stage with persistent
      proteinuria and gradually deteriorating renal function and hypertension. Renal
      biopsies at the onset of the disease show deposits of immunoglobulins,
      complement, and P. malariae antigens in glomerular capillary walls. Antimalarial
      therapy has no effect. Recent immunochemical findings confirm that these lesions
      are of the immune-complex type and are associated with malaria infection.
      However, several questions remain to be solved.

PMID- 1083309
TI  - Smallpox eradication in West and Central Africa.

PMID- 1083310
TI  - Determination of influenzavirus neuraminidase inhibition titres.
AB  - Representatives of the WHO influenza programme recently proposed a standard
      method of determining neuraminidase activity and neuraminidase inhibition (NI)
      antibody titres. Logit transformation of the data obtained with the WHO method
      for the NI assay permits a more efficient performance of the test and easy
      calculation of titres with a computer programme.

PMID- 1083311
TI  - The penetration of three simuliid species by the nematode Reesimermis nielseni.
AB  - After 4 h of exposure to the preparasitic stage of R. nielseni first, second, and
      third instar Simulium venustum, S. decorum and S. vittatum were found to be
      harbouring the nematodes in the haemocoel and/or the gut. The possible use of R.
      nielseni in the biological control of simuliid species is discussed.

PMID- 1083312
TI  - Vision screening in a national sample of 11-year-old children.
AB  - This report describes the results of vision screening carried out by local health
      authorities on a national sample of 11-year-old schoolchildren using a standard
      Snellen chart. Of the 12 772 children tested, 78% had an unaided distant visual
      acuity of 6/6 or better in both eyes (optimal vision), 10% had a distant visual
      acuity of 6/9 in the worse or both eyes (near-optimal vision) and 12% had a
      visual acuity of 6/12 or worse in one or both eyes eyes (definite visual defect).
      In addition, near visual acuity was tested for 12 737 children and 5% were found
      to have defective near vision. Glasses had been prescribed for current use in 12%
      of children but a quarter of those prescribed glasses did not have them available
      at the time of the test. Testing revealed that 22% of children whose glasses were
      available had optimal or near-optimal unaided distant vision, the number
      increasing to 98% when retested wearing glasses. In contrast, 43% of the children
      who were without their glasses had optimal or near-optimal vision; 27% had a
      bilateral defect. Amongst the children for whom glasses had not been prescribed 4
      6% had a visual defect. A higher proportion of children from non-manual family
      background than from manual family background had visual impairment and had been
      prescribed glasses, but there was no significant social class difference amongst
      the children with visual defects for whom no glasses had been prescribed. A
      defect of red/green colour vision was recorded in 6% of boys and 1% of girls. The
      proportion of children with poor visual acuity was similar in the group of
      children with defective colour vision and the group with normal colour vision.

PMID- 1083313
TI  - Prophylactic digitalization for coronary artery bypass surgery.
AB  - One hundred and twenty patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass procedures were
      randomly placed into control and digitalized groups. All were initially in normal
      sinus rhythm and without evidence of congestive heart failure. Supraventricular
      arrhythmias occurred in 17 of 66 controls and in only three of 54 digitalized
      patients (P less than 0.01). There was no evidence of digitals toxicity. Based on
      this evidence we recommend prophylactic digitalization for patients having
      aortocoronary bypass operations.

PMID- 1083314
TI  - Atherosclerotic narrowing of the left main coronary artery. A necropsy analysis
      of 152 patients with fatal coronary heart disease and varying degrees of left
      main narrowing.
AB  - Histologic sections of the left main (LM) and the other three major coronary
      arteries were studied in 152 patients. The lumen of the LM in 35 patients was
      greater than 75% narrowed; in thirty, 50-75%; and in 87, less than 50% narrowed.
      The patients with greater than 75% narrowing were younger. Angina pectoris and
      hyperlipoproteinemia, specifically type II, were more common (P less than 0.02)
      and acute transmural and healed subendocardial myocardial infarcts were less
      frequent (P less than 0.05) in the patients with greater 75% LM narrowing than in
      those with less than 50% narrowing. Of the three other major coronary arteries,
      the average number narrowed in the patients with greater than 75% LM narrowing
      was 2.9; in those with 50-75% LM narrowing 2.7, and in those with less than 50%
      LM narrowing, 2.4. Of the 35 patients with greater than 75% LM narrowing, 33 had
      greater than 75% luminal narrowing of each of the other three major coronary
      arteries. Narrowing of the LM, therefore, indicates severe narrowing of usually
      all major coronary arteries.

PMID- 1083315
TI  - Profile analysis of blood proteins with a centrifugal analyzer.
AB  - We describe a procedure for routine analysis of a profile composed of eight blood
      proteins with a GEMSAEC centrifugal analyzer. The end-point technique is used and
      four standards are included in each run in the immunochemical analysis of the
      individual proteins. Additional computer programs fit the absorbance readings
      from the samples to the (nonlinear) standard curve and store the results in a
      patient's file for a final printout, which also presents the patient's data and
      reference values. The proteins are analyzed in a given order, which allows common
      blank runs to be used. Antisera are used in suitably high concentrations, so that
      the "antigen in excess" problem only appears for analysis of IgA and IgM when
      sera contain high amounts of the M-components of these two classes. The capacity,
      accuracy, and precision of the method are satisfactory.

PMID- 1083316
TI  - Characterization of mononuclear effector cells in human blood.
AB  - The effector cells responsible for cytotoxic activity induced by
      phytohaemagglutinin, (PHA) pokeweed mitogen (PWM) target cells complexes with IgG
      antibody has been investigated using cell separation techniques based on rosette
      formation and separation through Hypaque-Ficoll mixtures. It was shown the PHA
      induced cytotoxicity is predominantly a function of T cells and that Fc receptor
      bearing cells are not involved to any major extent. Antibody-dependent killing is
      conversely a function of Fc receptor-bearing cells among which two subtypes can
      be distinguished. One of these has receptors for activated complement while the
      other bears Fc receptors only and has no detectable receptors for complement. PWM
      appears to induce cytotoxicity in both T- and non-T-cell populations but the
      major cell type involved appears to be Fc receptor-bearing cells similar to those
      mediating antibody-dependent killing. It is concluded that PHA and antibody
      dependent killing are the two most useful assays for discriminating between the
      cytotoxic activity of T and non-T cell in clinical studies.

PMID- 1083317
TI  - Lymphocyte populations in peripheral blood in hyperthyroid and euthyroid
      subjects.
AB  - Thymus-derived and non-thymus-derived peripheral blood lymphocytes were examined
      by means of E- and EAC-rosette tests. The frequency of these lymphocyte
      populations was the same in hyperthyroid and euthyroid individuals. It was also
      demonstrated that PHA responsiveness of lymphocytes from hyperthyroid patients
      was equal to that of lymphocytes from euthyroid controls and did not change after
      treatment with 131I.

PMID- 1083318
TI  - B and T lymphocytes in Hodgkin's disease. Analysis at diagnosis and following
      therapy.
AB  - B and T lymphocytes were studied in the blood and lymph nodes of fifty patients
      with Hodgkin's disease. At diagnosis, most patients (77%) had normal percentages
      of circulating B and T lymphocytes. Most patients (60%) also showed normal
      percentages of B and T lymphocytes in involved lymph nodes. Splenectomy had no
      effect on circulating B and T lymphocytes in four of five patients studied 2
      weeks postoperatively. Seventeen patients were studied before and after treatment
      to determine the effect of therapy. Very high percentages of B lymphocytes were
      found in patients studied following radiotherapy. It appears that the known
      defects in cell-mediated immunity in Hodgkin's disease are not expressed as
      significant abnormalities in B-or T-lymphocyte ratios in blood or lymphoid
      tissues at diagnosis. The proliferation of B lymphocytes following radiotherapy
      could represent a compensatory mechanism to cell-mediated deficiency or a loss of
      normal suppressor activity of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083319
TI  - Morphological, immunological and immunocytochemical identification of lymphocytes
      extracted from cutaneous infiltrates.
AB  - The identification of mononuclear cells extracted from various skin disorders has
      been investigated and the relative amount of B and T cells determined according
      to various assays such as E-rosette test, FITC and peroxidase anti-immunoglobulin
      conjugates. It has been found that: (a) there were two different patterns of
      distribution of the cells in the infiltrates; one with a T/B ratio above 3
      (closest to a delayed type reaction), the other with a T/B ratio below 2. (b) The
      morphological appearance of tissue lymphocytes differs from that of circulating
      lymphocytes by the presence of both membrane and cytoplasmic immunoglobulins.

PMID- 1083320
TI  - Immunological characterization of subpopulations of mononuclear cells in tissue
      and peripheral blood from patients with sarcoidosis.

PMID- 1083321
TI  - Lymphokine properties of a lymphoid cultured cell supernatant fraction active in
      promoting tumor regression.

PMID- 1083322
TI  - Differential specificity of lymphocytotoxins from patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus and inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 1083323
TI  - Percutaneous electrical stimulation for clinical tibial fracture repair.
AB  - Observations on stress generated electrical currents in bone have stimulated
      interest in the possible osteogenetic effect of externally applied electrical
      energy to establish diaphyseal bone defects in animals and man. This report
      records the observed effects of pulsed electrical energy directed through a metal
      (Riordan pin) electrode placed in a large proximal tibial shaft dedect in a young
      man who sustained loss of bone from a gunshot wound. The fixation pin placed
      directly into the defect provided the cathode (-) electrode. The anode (+)
      electrode consisted of an aluminum foil band placed on the skin adjacent to the
      leg. The tibia had 282 consecutive days of electrical stimulation and provided X
      ray and clinical evidence of enhanced osteogenetic activity. The degree of
      osteogenetic response attributable to the electrical stimulation is undetermined
      because other factors, including cast immobilization, time and minimal touchdown
      (25 pounds) weight-bearing in the cast during the period of observation, may also
      have had some influence on the healing response. Circumstantial clinical evidence
      indicates that the applied electrical energy was of primary importance in the
      healing process. This theoretically and technically acceptable source of
      osteogenetic activity merits continued, intensive investigation.

PMID- 1083324
TI  - Alteration in the force and fatigability of skeletal muscle in quadriplegic
      humans following exercise induced by chronic electrical stimulation.
AB  - The paralyzed forearm finger flexor muscles of 10 quadriplegic subjects were
      exercised via electrical stimulation to determine changes in the contractile
      force and fatigability of the muscle that could be externally induced. The force
      of contraction initially produced by most muscles was less than that required for
      functional activity. Following exercise, the strength of all muscles was
      increased above the level for functional use. In general, no correlation was
      noted between the amount of exercise and the force change. Two subjects had high
      contraction forces after prolonged periods before stimulation began, and 4
      subjects who were followed after the stimulation program maintained near the
      contractile force achieved at the end of the program in the absence of
      stimulation. Fatigue of the muscle during the course of the exercise program was
      increased to above that recorded initially, although this was more variable and
      sometimes dropped to less than that recorded initially. Generally, no correlation
      was demonstrated between usage and fatigue. It is concluded that exercise induced
      by electrical stimulation alters the cantractile properties of the muscle toward
      a state usable for functional, tonic activation.

PMID- 1083325
TI  - Report of five children with Hemophilus influenzae pneumonia. Resistance to
      ampicillin must always be looked for.
AB  - Five cases of Hemophilus influenzae pneumonia were observed in a 13-month period
      at Fairfax Hospital, Fairfax, Va. More aggressive diagnostic procedures may be
      required in order to diagnose this disease with greater frequency. This has
      become especially important in view of the growing recovery of ampicillin
      resistant H. influenzae strains.

PMID- 1083326
TI  - Marijuana and T lymphocyte rosettes.
AB  - The effect of marijuana smoking on sheep cell rosetting properties of both early
      (active) and total T lymphocytes was studied in vitro. Significantly fewer active
      rosettes were formed by T cells from a population of 35 who appeared to be
      chronic marijuana smokers than the 34 controls. The late, or cold-enhanced
      rosettes formed by smokers and nonsmokers were similar, suggesting that similar
      numbers of rosette-forming T cells were present in the peripheral blood of
      smokers. These data suggest that marijuana smoking may affect the function of a
      subpopulation of T lymphocytes, identified by their capacity to form early
      rosettes, possibly by affecting these cell membranes.

PMID- 1083327
TI  - Coronary artery bypass procedures.

PMID- 1083328
TI  - Indications for surgical management of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1083329
TI  - Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
AB  - Dissatisfaction with the high morbidity and mortality of traditional methods of
      handling massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage has led to the exploration of means
      other than surgical to attain hemostasis. Some, such as selective arterial
      infusion of surgical Pituitrin, have quickly won general acceptance in hospitals
      where facilities and interested personnel are available. Others, such as
      alkalinization, have become popular because of their inherent simplicity.
      Systemic hypothermia, requiring intensive patient care, has not been without
      considerable risk of significant complications. Iced saline lavage has never been
      subjected to critical evaluation. It is possible that the emptying of the stomach
      through mechanical destruction of the intragastric clot by repeated irrigations,
      reducing the antral stimulation by relief of distension, may be as important as
      the temperature of the solution in the stomach. Gastric irrigations with
      norepinephrine solutions have awaited the results of physiologic studies showing
      that the cardiovascular and renal effects of injected levarterenol are avoided,
      and that permanent damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa does not result. Trials
      have been confined largely to very poor-risk patients, and the hemostasis that
      has resulted has not been explainable, in all cases, on the basis of the
      physiologic activity of the agent (e.g., control of bleeding from tumor vessels).
      Evacuation of gastric content prior to introduction of the norepinephrine
      solution seems important. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding from benign disease has
      also responded to advances in applied pharmacology, with intra-arterial infusion
      of surgical Pituitrin again coming into progressively wider use. Intraperitoneal
      instillation of norepinephrine has also proved useful, even in patients who have
      adhesions from prior surgery or inflammatory disease, but closer monitoring of
      blood pressure and urine output are necessary because some of this solution is
      absorbed by the parietal peritoneum and not deactivated by the liver before
      entering the systemic circulation. Taken together, selective arterial infusion of
      vasopressin and topical application of norepinephrine can be considered
      complementary rather than competitive therapies. Because of the more extensive
      experience with selective angiographic infusion, it should be the first choice in
      institutions where it is readily available. For patients in whom arterial
      puncture is inadvisable, and where angiography is not readily available,
      topically applied norepinephrine becomes the treatment of preference. We have
      demonstrated effectiveness of intraperitoneal norepinephrine in a patient in whom
      selective arterial infusion of surgical Pituitrin had failed. And the reverse
      would probably also hold true on occasion. Pharmacologic techniques represent a
      therapeutic advance, reducing the frequency with which surgical intervention
      becomes mandatory. But they are not a substitute for surgery...

PMID- 1083330
TI  - Comparison of free tryptophan, bound tryptophan and tyrosine in plasma, and
      tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, tyrosine,
      dopamine and norepinephrine in brain parts of rat and pigeon.

PMID- 1083331
TI  - Gastro-intestinal bleeding in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: the effects of
      azapropazone treatment.
AB  - A comparative study was carried out, using the Cr51 red blood cell labelling
      method, to assess the amount of gastro-intestinal blood loss in 20 rheumatoid
      arthritis patients taking either 600 mg. or 1200 mg. azapropazone daily. The
      results demonstrate that azapropazone does not produce greater than normal gastro
      intestinal bleeding, that the volume of faecal blood loss is not dose-related,
      and there would not appear to be any correlation between blood loss and the
      occasional mild gastro-intestinal side-effects reported in a few patients. These
      results compared favourably with those obtained previously by the investigators
      in a similar group of patients taking 3 g. aspirin per day.

PMID- 1083332
TI  - [Cytotoxic effect of antihuman thymocyte serum on T lymphocytes].
AB  - The rabbit human thymocyte serum had a selective cytotoxicity on human T
      lymphocytes.  In the presence of guinea pig complement, 23.8% of the otal blood
      leukocytes were killed by the heterologus antiserum and only 4.2 % were killed by
      normal rabbit serum.  On average 28.2% of the leukocyte preparation obtained by
      dextran sedmentation were lymphocytes.  According to the above figures, 72.3% of
      the circulating lymphocytes were identified as T cells.  The data were comparable
      to those obtained from other conventional methods used in laboratory animals. 
      The cytotoxicity test was found to be a reliable technique for identifying human
      T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083333
TI  - [Cholecysto-duodenal fistula: duodenal obstruction by calculus and digestive
      hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083334
TI  - [Suppressive effect of syngeneic B-cells on the immune response in mice,
      belonging to highly- or poorly-reacting genotypes].

PMID- 1083335
TI  - [Haemobilia as a special form of gastro-intestinal bleeding (author's transl)].
AB  - Nine patients with haemobilia were treated during a 17-year period (1958-1974),
      seven of them with postoperative haemobilia after operations on the biliary
      tract, and one with traumatic haemobilia. Three patients with intrahepatic injury
      after transhepatic drainage for inflammatory biliary-tract stricture or after
      extraction of intrahepatic biliary-tract stones with a Fogarty catheter were free
      of symptoms on conservative treatment alone. Of six operated patients one died
      from extensive hepatic necrosis after ligation of the main and right hepatic
      arteries, another two months after operation of septicaemia. The other patients
      have remained free of symptoms.

PMID- 1083336
TI  - [Massive hemorrhage from stomach and duodenum].

PMID- 1083337
TI  - [Cellular cooperations in immune responses].

PMID- 1083338
TI  - [Thymus hormones].

PMID- 1083339
TI  - [Study of the effect of the enzyme hyaluronidase on the pathomorphological
      changes in certain internal organs in white mice infected intraperitoneally with
      Tr. vaginalis].
AB  - The authors injected daily a dose of 5 l hyaluronidase diluted in 0,5 ml of
      saline, in 25 out of 50 white mice, contaminated with tr. vaginalis
      intraperitonealy. The remaining 25 mice formed the control group and were
      injected only with saline. The administration was made intraperitonealy. An equal
      number of mice from both groups were killed on the 30th and 40th day of
      contamination and the macroscopic changes in the abdominal cavity were examined.
      Histological examinations of liver, spleen and kidneys were made as well. The
      obtained pathologic changes were characteristic of manifestations of chronice en
      pusforming inflammatory process, involving mostly liver. Substantially
      differences in character and gravity of the pathologic changes between mice
      treated with hyaluronidase and those of the control group were not found.

PMID- 1083340
TI  - Methotrexate resistance and uptake of DDMP by L5178Y cells. Selective protection
      with folinic acid.

PMID- 1083341
TI  - Effect of Corynebacterium parvum on cellular and humoral antitumoral immune
      effector mechanisms.

PMID- 1083342
TI  - Effects of cytochalasin B on the electrical activity of frog muscle fibers.
AB  - Cytochalasin B (50 mug/ml) markedly prolonged the falling phase of the action
      potential in frog sartorius muscle fibers without any effect on the rising phase
      and the amplitude of the action potential, nor on the resting potential. The
      maximum rate of fall of the action potential was reduced from 173 to 133 V/sec.
      The early depolarizing after-potential was increased in amplitude and lasted for
      as long as 1 sec. These changes in the falling phase of the action potential
      appear to be due to a slowing of sodium inactivation. Potassium conductance
      increase was not appreciably affected. The muscle treated with cytochalasin B
      responded to nerve stimulation with repetitive discharges which originated in
      presynaptic nerve elements.

PMID- 1083343
TI  - The importance of membrane-bound ribosomes during the activation of thymocytes by
      concanavalin A.

PMID- 1083344
TI  - Trypanosoma gambiense: immunity with thymic cell transfer in mice.

PMID- 1083345
TI  - New evidence for cell surface galactosyltransferase.

PMID- 1083346
TI  - Candida albicans endophthalmitis due to catheter tip sepsis.

PMID- 1083347
TI  - [X-ray diagnosis of acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083348
TI  - The use of progestins in the treatment of persistent uterine hemorrhage in the
      postpartum bitch and cow: a clinical report.

PMID- 1083349
TI  - [Unstable angina: observtions on 187 patients of whom 84 were operated on for
      aorto-coronary bypass (author's transl)].
AB  - Clinical data, EKG and coronary angiography of 187 patients with unstable angina
      are given. The patients are divided into 4 groups: spontancous angina,
      spontaneous angina Prinzmetal's variant, "in crescendo" agina, intermediate
      syndrome. 103 patients were treated with pharmacological therapy only and 84
      underwent aortocoronary bypass; 2 of them were operated on for acute myocardial
      infarction. The clinical and pathologic peculiarities of two groups are not
      similar and therefore the results are not comparable. There was a mortality rate
      of 10.3% of patients with pharmacological treatment and the incidence of non
      fatal myocardial infarction was 10.4%. The mortality during operation was 14.2%
      and the incidence of non fatal myocardial infarction was 13.1%. The spontaneous
      angina and Prinzmetal's variant often had normal rest EKG and a very similar
      coronary angiographic pattern, with obstructive lesions often localized in the
      proximal part of a single vessel. In 9% of cases coronary arteries were normal.
      The incidence of serious arrhythmias was higher in Prinzmetal's variant than in
      other types of unstable angina. The mortality in patients with Prinzmetal's
      angina was particularly high during the first period of experience (1970-1973)
      when the operation was performed after a few days of unsatisfactory results with
      pharmacological treatment; it decreased after patients underwent operation in an
      attenuate phase of the disease. The rest EKG of "in crescendo" angina was almost
      always pathologic; these cases presented obstructive lesions of 2 or 3 coronary
      arteries, functional impairment of left ventricle, collateral circulation. The
      mortality in patients treated with pharmacological therapy was higher than in
      other types of unstable angina. The mortality during operation, fairly high in
      the first period of experience, decreased in this group of patients as well,
      during the second period of experience.

PMID- 1083350
TI  - Symptomatic hepatic disease in cystic fibrosis: incidence, course, and outcome of
      portal systemic hunting.
AB  - Fifteen (2.2%) of 693 patients with cystic fibrosis seen over an 18-year period
      developed clinical hepatic disease. In 13 patients all symptoms were secondary to
      portal hypertension. Ten had hypersplenism and 6 had variceal bleeding, including
      3 who developed both conditions. All 5 patients who survived the initial episode
      of gastrointestinal bleeding underwent portal systemic shunting. A shunting
      procedure also was performed on 1 patients with hypersplenism but no variceal
      bleeding. No subsequent deterioration of intellectual function occurred in either
      the shunted or unshunted patients. Only 1 of the shunted patients showed
      progression of hepatic disease after surgery. These results suggest that portal
      systemic shunting is useful in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices in
      cystic fibrosis. A sweat test to rule out cystic fibrosis should be included in
      the evaluation of any teenage or young adult patient with unexplained portal
      hypertension.

PMID- 1083351
TI  - [Intravaginal electric stimulation in the treatment of premenstrual tension and
      menalgia].

PMID- 1083352
TI  - Relationship of splanchnic blood flow and portal venous resistance to elevated
      portal pressure in the dog.
AB  - To determine the relationship of splanchnic blood flow and portal venous
      resistance to elevated portal pressure, in situ perfusion of the splanchnic
      circuit was carried out in 12 freshly killed dogs at varying perfusion rates and
      degrees of acute and chronic portal vein constriction. In six normal dogs before
      being killed, portal pressure averaged 8-8 +/- 1-2 mmHg and portal flow 658 +/-
      81 ml/min. In the absence of portal vein constriction, increasing splanchnic
      perfusion to 1800 ml/min, minimally raised portal pressure (12-8 +/- 1-5 mmHg).
      With progressive acute constriction of the portal vein, however, comparable
      perfusion rates lead to progressively higher portal pressure levels and with
      greater than 90% constriction, portal pressure was greater than 30 mmHg with
      minimal elevation in splanchnic flow rate. In six other dogs before being killed
      but live to nine weeks after placement of an ameroid constrictor on the portal
      vein, portal pressure averaged 13-6 +/- 1-4 mmHg or slightly higher than in
      normal dogs (P greater than 0-02). Mesenteric venography and necropsy findings
      uniformly demonstrated 90% occlusion of the portal vein with extensive
      portasystemic collateralization. With increased perfusion of the splanchnic bed,
      portal pressure rose rapidly to approximately 35 mmHg with a flow rate of 1 800
      ml/min.. These data suggest that, in disorders where resistance to transhepatic
      portal flow is marked, a small increment in splanchnic blood flow, which normally
      exerts little or no influence on portal pressure, promotes profound portal
      hypertension and may account for spontaneous 'rupture' of oesophageal varices. On
      the other hand, where resistance to transhepatic portal flow is mild but
      splanchnic blood flow is markedly hyperdynamic, reducing inflow may be sufficient
      to ameliorate extreme portal hypertension and its sequelae.

PMID- 1083354
TI  - [Therapeutic value of the Swoszowice sulfide-hydrogen sulfide waters in the
      treatment of rheumatic diseases in the light of clinical and biochemical
      studies].

PMID- 1083353
TI  - Hypersensitivity reactions in the small intestine. 2. Effects of allograft
      rejection on mucosal architecture and lymphoid cell infiltrate.
AB  - Small intestinal mucosa contains both thymus dependent and thymus independent
      lymphoid cells and thus has the capacity to act via humoral and cellular
      mechanisms as a site of local immunity and local hypersensitivity. Allograft
      rejection of mouse small intestine is a model of a local cell mediated reaction.
      The effects of this clearly defined, immunologically mediated damage villi,
      crypts, enterocytes, and lymphoid cell infiltrate have been assessed by comparing
      the morphology of rejecting allografts with that of isografts and normal small
      intestine of the same age. In rejection there is infiltration of the lamina
      propria with lymphocytes, hyperplasia of the crypts of Lieberkuhn, and an
      eventual sloughing off of the mucosa. Usually, but not always, there is villous
      atrophy and increased numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes. However, the
      morphology of individual enterocytes remains normal throughout rejection and
      neither plasma cells nor polymorphonuclear leucocytes infiltrate the lamina
      propria before mucosal ulceration. These results show unequivocally that a local
      T cell mediated immune response causes villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia in
      this animal model, and since there is no evidence of local enterocyte
      cytotoxicity, a lymphokine may be the link between the activated T cell and the
      effects on mucosal architecture. We suggest that a local CMI reaction may be the
      cause of villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and malabsorption in many clinical
      and experimental conditions, including coeliac disease, food allergy, and
      intestinal infections.

PMID- 1083355
TI  - Influence of cortisone on ultrastructure of the sublingual salivary gland in
      rats.

PMID- 1083356
TI  - Sheaths and mesotendons of the tendons of the extensor carpi radialis longus and
      brevis muscles and of the tendon of the extensor pollicis longus muscle.

PMID- 1083357
TI  - Development of neurosecretion in white mice.

PMID- 1083358
TI  - Fascicles of the genitofemoral nerve in postfetal life in man.

PMID- 1083359
TI  - Internal structure of the ilioinguinal nerve in postfetal life in man.

PMID- 1083360
TI  - Cor biloculare in man.

PMID- 1083361
TI  - Accretion of the placenta with the head of an acephalous fetus.

PMID- 1083362
TI  - Histochemical studies on the influence of experimental vagotomy on epithelial
      mucous substances in the stomach and jejunum of white rats.

PMID- 1083363
TI  - A syndrome of developmental anomalies in a fetus from the 8th month of oviducto
      ovarian pregnancy.

PMID- 1083364
TI  - The superficial temporal artery in human fetuses.

PMID- 1083365
TI  - Vascular anomalies of the hepatic arteries and their practical importance.

PMID- 1083366
TI  - Blood vessels of the caudate lobe of the human liver.

PMID- 1083367
TI  - [The influence of cholestyramine on the intestinal absorption of a nonsteroidal
      anti-inflammatory agent (TAI-284) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083368
TI  - Distribution of alpha-1-antitrypsin phenotypes in two Dutch population groups.
AB  - The alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes of two Dutch population groups (consisting of
      672 and 802 individuals) were determined by the isoelectric focusing technique,
      which due to its recent development, has been used for the first time in large
      scale phenotyping. As in other population studies on the alpha1-antitrypsin
      phenotype distribution, Pi M is the most frequently occurring allele. The two
      investigated groups exhibit remarkable differences, both to other studied groups
      as well as to each other. The most interesting results are probably the high
      frequencies of the alleles Pi- and of the recently discovered Pi MN. Comparison
      with phenotype studies carried out in other populations is also presented.

PMID- 1083369
TI  - The linkage relationships of HL-A with other genetic marker systems.
AB  - Data on the linkage relationships of HL-A with 31 autosomal genetic markers are
      presented. Among 40 markers for which some information on the linkage
      relationship with HL-A is available, four (PGM3, GBG, Ch and Pg) have lod scores
      greater than +3. The most likely order for the polymorphic systems tentatively
      assigned to chromosome 6 is Kell: Pg:(HL-A,GBG):Ch:PGM3:P.

PMID- 1083370
TI  - Utilization of uridine for RNA synthesis in the insect cell line CP-1268 derived
      from the codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella.
AB  - The utilization of [3H]-5-uridine by CP-1268 cells was studied. Uridine was
      rapidly transported into these cells by a concentration dependent, saturable
      process. Exogenous uridine rapidly equilibrated with cellular nucleotide pools
      and virtually all of the uridine transported into the cells was phosphorylated.
      Uridine incorporation into RNA was studied by continuous and pulse-labeling
      techniques in the prescence or absence of actinomycin D and cordycepin. These
      studies have shown that the pattern of unstable RNA precursor and relatively
      stable RNA product relationship known to exist in mammalian cells similarly
      exists in insect cells in vitro. This pattern varied markedly with pulse-labeling
      time and required the addition of RNA inhibitors to block reincorporation of
      intracellular labeled metabolites during the chase.

PMID- 1083371
TI  - Effects of aprotinin on organ cultures of the rat's kidney.
AB  - Fragments of adult renal tissue were maintained as organ cultures for 7 days in
      HEPES-buffered medium 199, supplemented with 10% calf serum and antibiotics.
      Addition of aprotinin (10,000 kallikrein inhibitor units per ml) to the medium
      resulted in improved survival of the cells of the glomeruli and tubules and
      preserved the integrity of the glomerular, capsular and tubular basement
      membranes. Optimal results were obtained when aprotinin was present throughout
      the period of culturing. Inclusion of aprotinin in the medium for only the first
      3 days in vitro slightly increased the numbers of surviving glomerular and
      tubular cells, but also promoted the growth of connective tissue in the explants
      and was detrimental to the basement membranes of the tubules. It is suggested
      that both the antiproteolytic and the carbohydrate-binding properties of
      aprotinin are involved in the mediation of the observed effects.

PMID- 1083372
TI  - Effect of enzyme inhibitors and influence of ionic strength during the
      interaction of EAC1-3 and C5.

PMID- 1083373
TI  - Studies on the human T-lymphocyte population - V. Isolation of T-lymphocyte
      antigens from human renal failure serum.

PMID- 1083374
TI  - The detection of F(ab')2-related surface antigens on the thymocytes of children.
AB  - A Fowl antiserum to human polyclonal F(ab')2 with specificities for variable
      region antigens of both light and heavy chains and for the constant portion of
      the Fd fragment bound to about 20 per cent of thymocytes from three children.
      Binding was completely inhibited by purified human polyclonal IgG and only partly
      by L chains. The fowl anti-F(ab')2 also bound to a subpopulation of peripheral
      blood lymphocytes which was somewhat larger than the B-cell population identified
      with other anti-immunoglobulin sera. Binding was detected by autoradiography and
      the amount of radiolabel seen on thymocytes was nearly as great as that on
      peripheral blood lymphocytes. As no binding to thymocytes was seen with other
      anti-immunoglobulin sera we propose that the fowl anti-F(ab')2 recognizes
      immunoglobulin or material with structural similarities which is synthesized by
      thymocytes but of which predominantly V region determinants are exposed on the
      membrane surface.

PMID- 1083375
TI  - Alpha-1 antitrypsin and Indian childhood cirrhosis.

PMID- 1083376
TI  - Restoration of delayed hypersensitivity to sheep erythrocytes by thymosin
      treatment of T-cell-depleted mice.
AB  - Calf thymosin was injected subcutaneously in daily doses of 0.1 to 3 mg for 12 to
      15 days into adult thymectomized, irradiated, bone marrow-reconstituted (THXB)
      mice. Thymosin partially restored the ability of the T-cell-depleted host to
      develop delayed-type hypersensitivity to sheep erythrocytes. The degree of
      restoration varied from 50 to 75% of control values. Thymosin treatment of normal
      mice potentiated the footpad responsiveness to sheep erythrocytes by as much as
      50% over that of untreated controls. The optimum dosage of thymosin seemed to be
      in the 200- to 500-mug range, and multiple injections were essential for a
      significant response. Tweleve daily injections of 100 to 500 mug of thymosin
      restored T-cell reactivity to the THXB mouse, but the responsiveness decayed
      relatively rapidly once the treatment was stopped. The restoration of immune
      responsiveness to sheep erythrocytes in T-cell-depleted mice provides a
      convenient means of demonstrating activity in thymosin preparations in vivo.

PMID- 1083377
TI  - Synthesis and release of polyribophosphate by Haemophilus influenzae type b in
      vitro.
AB  - Polyribophosphate, the capsular polysaccharide antigen of Haemophilus influenzae
      type b, can be assayed in crude bacterial extracts by a combination of
      immunoprecipitation, hot-acid extraction, and colorimetry. In vitro, the antigen
      is synthesized during growth and, in well-buffered media, in early stationary
      phase as well. It is shed from the cell throughout the course of synthesis, and
      at 37 C almost all the extractable antigen has been released spontaneously within
      several hours after synthesis. Various strains are similar in extent of synthesis
      and gross composition of the antigen; however, strains differ in the rate of
      release during exponential phase. The antigen is released as (or as part of) a
      very large structure, although under certain culture conditions much smaller
      antigenic units are found.

PMID- 1083378
TI  - Cellular events involved in the initiation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1083379
TI  - Defective repair of gamma-ray induced DNA damage in xeroderma pigmentosum cells.
AB  - We used the bromouracil-photolysis technique to estimate the sizes of the
      repaired regions in normal human and xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) cells irradiated
      by gamma-rays aerobically or anoxically. After 1 1/2 hours of incubation, single
      strand breaks were repaired and the repaired regions were small--one to two BrUra
      residues--for cells irradiated aerobically or anoxically. After a 20-hour
      incubation, the repaired region in normal cells showed a component mimicking U.V.
      repair. There were large patches (approximately 30 BrUra residues) in the
      approximate ratios of one per six chain breaks for aerobic irradiation and one
      per three chain breaks for anoxic irradiation. XP cells, however, only showed
      large patches at 20 hours if they had been irradiated aerobically. We could not
      detect such regions in XP cells irradiated anoxically. These results indicate (1)
      that some part of ionizing damage mimics excision of U.V. damage in that the
      repair patches are large and the repair takes an appreciable time; (2) the types
      of such damage depend on whether the irradiation is done aerobically or
      anoxically; and (3) XP cells are defective in repairing a component of anoxic
      damage.

PMID- 1083381
TI  - Effects of 60Co irradiation of the early developmental stages of an ixodid tick,
      Hyalomma anatolicum.
AB  - Various developmental stages of Hyalomma anatolicum were subjected to a range of
      doses of 60Co radiation from 0-10 000 R, and their subsequent development was
      observed. Some of these ticks were infected with Theileria annulata. Doses of
      2000 R and over prevented all but a very limited development of ticks. After 1000
      R a proportion of exposed individuals continued development in a near-normal
      manner. Lower doses had proportionately less effect. 1000 R to ticks infected
      with T. annulata failed to prevent transmission of typical theileriasis to
      calves.

PMID- 1083380
TI  - Effect of 60Co gamma-irradiation on the reaction of mixed disulphides of
      mercaptoethylguanidine with enzymes of rat-liver cytoplasm.
AB  - A theoretical assumption of Eldjarn and Pihl suggests that mixed disulphides
      formed by radioprotective aminothiols and protein SH-groups can be broken down by
      enzymes in the organism, and the native structure of the macromolecules restored.
      Irradiation should enhance this effect. In our experiments, mixed disulphides of
      mercaptoethylguanidine (MEG) and albumin/haemoglobin were split by the soluble
      enzyme fraction of rat-liver homogenate (cytosol). The liberation of the
      radioprotector MEG is brought about by small molecules; dialysed cytosol has no
      effect, nor has the suspension of particles of mitochondria. On irradiation with
      doses in the 0-1--5-0 Mrad range, the mixed disulphide bridge is stabilized and
      made more resistant to splitting. Increased resistance up to 700 per cent with
      albumin-MEG and 160 per cent with haemoglobin (Hb)-MEG mixed disulphide was
      observed compared with the unirradiated control.

PMID- 1083383
TI  - Letter: The effect of a change in radiation quality on the ability of electron
      affinic sensitizers to sensitize hypoxic cells.

PMID- 1083382
TI  - Chromosome aberrations induced in human lymphocytes by neutron irradiation.
AB  - In vitro dose--response curves of unstable chromosome aberrations in human
      lymphocytes have been obtained for neutron spectra of mean energies 0-7, 0-9, 7-6
      and 14-7 MeV. The aberration yields have been fitted to the quadratic function Y
      = alphaD + betaD2, which is consistent with the single-track and two-track model
      of aberration formation. However with high-LET radiation, the linear component of
      yield, corresponding to damage caused by single tracks, predominants, and this
      term becomes more dominant with increasing LET, so that for fission spectrum
      neutrons the relationship is linear, Y = alphaD. At low doses, such as those
      recieved by radiation workers, limiting r.b.e. values between 13 and 47 are
      obtained relative to 60Co gamma-radiation. At higher doses, as used in
      radiotherapy, the values are much lower; ranging from 2-7 to 8 at 200 rad of
      equivalent gamma-radiation. Both sets of r.b.e. values correlate well with track
      averaged LET but not with dose-averaged LET. When the numbers of cells without
      aberrations are plotted against radiation dose, curves are obtained which are
      similar in shape to those for conventional cell-survival experiments with
      comparable neutron spectra. The Do values obtained in the present study are close
      to those from other cell system.

PMID- 1083384
TI  - Letter: Sensitivity to x-rays in terms of mitotic delay (Sd) and killing (Sk):
      correlation between Sd and Sk for sub-lines of murine leukaemic cells.

PMID- 1083385
TI  - Coronary heart disease--whither bypass surgery?

PMID- 1083386
TI  - Nucleoside phosphotransferase from Erwinia herbicola, a new membrane-bound
      enzyme.
AB  - A nucleoside phosphotransferase, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of
      nucleosides to nucleotides by low energy phosphate esters, has been isolated and
      purified 500-fold from the membrane fraction of Erwinia herbicola. Its most
      noteworthy difference from other enzymes of this class is that it is membrane
      bound and can be isolated and handled only in the presence of a detergent. With a
      ribonucleoside acceptor, adenosine, the reaction product is exclusively 5'-AMP;
      with deoxyadenosine, 5'- and 3'-nucleotide products appear in the approximate
      ratio of 2:1, respectively. The enzyme has no detectable phosphatase activity
      with the best phosphate donors, 5'-dAMP and 5'-dTMP, and very little with less
      active donors, such as p-nitrophenyl phosphate. This phosphotransferase should be
      a useful agent for preparing 5'-nucleotides from unusual synthetic bases.

PMID- 1083387
TI  - [Clinical application of fast acting anti-rheumatic and antiphlogistic agents].

PMID- 1083388
TI  - [Sonophoresis with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. A survey of the problem
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083389
TI  - Counter immunoelectrophoresis in the diagnosis of septic arthritis caused by
      Hemophilus influenzae. Report of two cases.

PMID- 1083390
TI  - The current status of angiography in gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Endoscopy, barium studies and angiography are all valuable diagnostic procedures
      in gastrointestinal bleeding. They are not mutually exclusive procedures but the
      correct sequence of investigation varies. Correct localization can be achieved in
      84% of cases of massive gastrointestinal bleeding by their combined use.
      Vasoconstrictive therapy is also possible in severely ill patients and other poor
      surgical risk candidates.

PMID- 1083391
TI  - Limits of coronary artery surgery. Clinical and postmortem findings.
AB  - In the first series of 90 continuous patients with coronary artery disease 9
      patients died after aorto-coronary bypass procedures (10%). There were 7
      operative deaths, and 2 postoperative deaths (respiratory failure after
      bronchopneumonia and bleeding duodenal ulcer; acute necrosis of the liver
      following hepatitis). The study of the deceased patients made evident that
      postoperative impairment of left ventricular function is caused by ventricular
      aneurysms. This fact can be shown by the poor ventricular function with an
      elevated left ventricular enddiastolic pressure (LVEDP) of more than 18 mm Hg.
      The results in patients with congestive heart failure could not be improved by
      multiple bypass-grafts. Probably the prolonged surgical intervention may cause
      additional stress to the predamaged myocardium. So, in our group the indication
      for using multiple grafts in cases with ventricular aneurysm is confirmed with
      great caution.

PMID- 1083392
TI  - Emergency coronary surgery: Evolving indications.
AB  - Between December 1970 and October 1973, 74 patients underwent emergency
      myocardial revascularization for the relief of acute coronary insufficiency.
      Through our experience in this area, we have established three categories for
      which we perform emergency surgery. The first of these is cardiogenic shock
      complicating acute myocardial infarction for which 14 patients underwent
      emergency saphenous vein grafting. Seven of these patients expired during
      operation and one died three months after operation. The second category is acute
      unstable myocardial infarction for which 25 patients received surgery. There were
      no operative deaths in this group, but two patients died at six weeks and four
      months after operation. Thrity-five patients were classified as pre-infarctional
      angina, the third category for which we perform surgery on an emergency basis.
      There was one operative death and two late deaths at four and ten months in this
      group of patients. Our experience suggests that immediate coronary angiography
      and revascularization will improve survival in the three above-named categories.

PMID- 1083393
TI  - Dental care for patients with congenital haemorrhagic disorders.

PMID- 1083394
TI  - The nature of the cells generating B-lymphocyte colonies in vitro.
AB  - B-lymphocyte colonies are grown in semi-solid agar from mouse spleen or lymph
      node cells in the presence of mercaptoethanol with or without added sheep red
      cells. High levels of colony-forming cells were present in the spleen or normal
      mice and nu/nu (athymic) mice but colony-forming cells were rare in the thymus
      and not detected in activated T-lymphocyte populations. Colony-forming cells were
      theta-negative and most exhibited Fc receptors. Most colony-forming cells had the
      sedimentation velocity of small lymphocytes, were non-adherent and had a buoyant
      density similar to B-lymphocytes. Colony-forming cells were radiosensitive (Do60
      rads) and sensitive to cortisone. Colony formation was potentiated by the
      addition of adherent spleen cells or peritoneal macrophages. It is concluded that
      most cells forming B-lymphocyte colonies are themselves characterisable as B
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083395
TI  - 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol deficiency: the probable cause of hypocalcemia and
      metabolic bone disease in pseudohypoparathyroidism.
AB  - Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PsH) is a genetic disease characterized by
      hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and metabolic unresponsiveness to parathyroid
      hormone (PTH). The administration of PTH elicits neither a significant rise in
      serum calcium (calcemic response) nor a decrease in the renal tubule reabsorption
      of phosphorus (phosphaturic response). The diminished phosphaturic response is
      due to an inability of PTH to generate cyclic AMP in renal tubule cells. We
      investigated the question of whether hypocalcemia and deficient calcemic response
      to PTH are due to a similar cyclic AMP defect in bone or to an acquired vitamin D
      deficiency. Four patients were studied. The active form of vitamin D (1,25
      dihydroxycholecalciferol) was measured in 3 and was low. Treatment with vitamin
      D2 restored the serum calcium and the calcemic response to PTH to normal without
      changing the impaired renal response. Bone biopsy was performed in 2 patients and
      showed morphologic evidence of increased osteoclastic activity and osteomalacia.
      The data indicate that the hypocalcemia and bone disease in PsH are due to active
      vitamin D deficiency, possibly resulting from the genetic renal lesion.

PMID- 1083396
TI  - Mechanisms responsible for defective human T-lymphocyte sheep erythrocyte rosette
      function associated with hepatitis B virus infections.
AB  - The expression of selected lymphocyte surface-membrane markers was evaluated in
      37 patients with acute viral hepatitis B, 10 of whom were studied serially
      through the resolving and convalescent phases of disease. Bone marrow-derived (B)
      lymphocytes were identified by reference to surface immunoglobulin, whereas
      normal thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes were assayed by their capacity to form
      spontaneous nonimmune rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (E rosettes, ER). During
      the acute and resolving phases of viral hepatitis B, the relative and absolute
      number of ER-positive lymphocytes was significantly reduced, whereas the number
      of surface immunoglobulin-positive lymphocytes and the absolute lymphocyte count
      remained normal. This resulted in the appearance of a third population of cells,
      deficient in respect to both surface immunoglobulin and ER markers. Such cells
      accounted for nearly 25% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, approximately 5 x 105ml
      blood. Depression of the number of ER-positive lymphocytes occurred at least once
      during the course of disease in every patient studied serially, and was observed
      in 55 of 67 individual assays of the 37 cases of acute viral hepatitis B.
      Lymphocytes from some patients reacquired ER function when cultured in fetal calf
      serum but not in the presence of autologous serum. Such autologous serum was
      capable of suppressing ER function of lymphocytes from normal donors. The
      extrinsic suppression of er function by a serum factor (designated as the Rosette
      Inhibitory Factor), was found to be time dependent, characterized by a 4-h latent
      period and requiring approximately 18 h for maximum attenuation of ER function.
      The Serum Rosette Inhibitory Factor was: (a) heat and freeze-thaw stable, (b)
      nondialyzable, (c) physically separable from hepatitis B surface antigen, (d) not
      a lymphocytotoxic antibody, and (e) had the buoyant density of a lipoprotein.
      This extrinsic mechanism was observed in 41.8% of patients with reduced numbers
      of ER-positive lymphocytes. The Rosette Inhibitory Factor was not detectable in
      the serum of the remaining 58.2% of the cases of acute and resolving viral
      hepatitis B despite the presence of reduced numbers of ER-positive lymphocytes.
      The lymphocytes from these cases did not reacquire ER function when cultured in
      the absence of autologous serum. The mechanisms responsible for the suppression
      of normal ER function in these cases appears to be intrinsic to the lymphocytes
      and not the result of a humoral factor. The T lymphocyte lineage of cells
      deficient in respect to ER function, whether of intrinsic or extrinsic type, was
      demonstrated by their capacity to form spontaneous rosettes with neuraminidase
      treated sheep erythrocytes. Both intrinsic and extrinsic suppression of T
      lymphocyte ER function commonly occurred during the first 4 wk of acute viral
      hepatitis B.9 of the 10 patients followed serially continued to manifest
      defective ER function at 12 wk...

PMID- 1083397
TI  - Failure of heavy chain glycosylation of IgG in some patients with common,
      variable agammaglobulinemia.
AB  - Four patients with common, variable agammaglobulinemia were preveiously reported
      to have normal numbers of circulating B lymphocytes which synthesized normal
      amounts of IgG in tissue culture but failed to secrete the newly synthesized IgG.
      The B lymphocytes of these patients fail to incorporate [3H]mannose and/or
      [3H]glucosamine into newly synthesized IgG, whereas such incorporation appears to
      occur just before IgG secretion in cultures of normal B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083398
TI  - Perfusion therapy for skin cancer.
AB  - Surgical techniques for the selective administration of anti-cancer drugs is
      presented. These isolated-perfusion or intra-arterial infusion procedures have
      achieved significant palliation for many patients with advanced cancer. When used
      in conjunction with surgical excision of certain early skin cancers, such as
      aggressive forms of malignant melanoma of the extremities, improved cure rates
      may be achieved.

PMID- 1083399
TI  - Host factors and antibody response Haemophilus influenza type b meningitis and
      epiglottitis.
AB  - Levels of antibody in serum after infection with Haemophilus influenza type b or
      challenge with polysaccharide vaccine are highly variable. Convalescent-phase
      serum antibody to the capsular polysaccharide of H. influenzae type b was
      measured in two groups of patients with pathophysiologically distinct diseases,
      meningitis and acute epiglottitis. Antibody response after H. influenzae
      meningitis was subnormal. Mean levels of antibody, the distribution of antibody
      levels by age, and erythrocyte and genetic marker lymphocyte antigens were
      studied; all results suggested that these two groups of patients were genetically
      and immunologically different from each other. Evidence suggested that the
      magnitude of the important host immunologic response was under host genetic
      control.

PMID- 1083400
TI  - Stimulation of lymphocytes by purified protein derivative: suppression by cells
      from human vaccinated with Bacille Calmette-Guerin.
AB  - Specific stimulation of thymus-derived cells by purified protein derivative or
      tetanus toxoid was inhibited by autologous lymphocytes. The lymphocytes, which
      were collected from healthy humans who had been vaccinated with bacille Calmette
      Guerin were purified on nylon columns after removal of cells that form rosettes
      with sheep erythrocytes. The degree of purification of the lymphocytes was
      controlled by appropriate techniques.

PMID- 1083401
TI  - [Multiple coronary aneurysm resulting in myocardial infarction in a young man -
      successful surgical treatment using a bypass graft].

PMID- 1083402
TI  - IRS rules on medical group's educational benefit trust.

PMID- 1083403
TI  - Restrictive covenants. Caveat conductus: let the one who has been hired beware.

PMID- 1083404
TI  - The great JAILer conspiracy --malpractice, torts, and the middle class.

PMID- 1083405
TI  - Drug substitution--boon to consumers versus legal trap for the professional.

PMID- 1083406
TI  - Physician-controlled source selection--a suggested approach to substitution.

PMID- 1083407
TI  - Role of the healing arts licensing board in the current medical malpractice
      crisis.

PMID- 1083408
TI  - Successful income assignment depends on accuracy of records and separation of
      activities.

PMID- 1083409
TI  - Some legal implications arising from changes in the practice of pharmacy.

PMID- 1083410
TI  - Legal implications of the patient medication profile.

PMID- 1083411
TI  - Paternity actions--a matter of opinion or a trial of the blood?

PMID- 1083412
TI  - Psychosurgery.

PMID- 1083413
TI  - Editorial: A position on malpractice?

PMID- 1083414
TI  - Editorial: Malpractice can't be solved--it must be scrapped!

PMID- 1083415
TI  - Public policy directions in medical malpractice.

PMID- 1083416
TI  - Coronary bypass surgery at the Maine medical center.

PMID- 1083417
TI  - Cell surface immunoglobulin. XVIII. Functional differences of B lymphocytes
      bearing different surface immunoglobulin isotypes.
AB  - Three populations of murine splenic B lymphocytes have been characterized
      previously (6, 7, 9) as those bearing only IgM, those bearing only IgD, and a
      population bearing both isotopes. These studies were designed to test the
      response of the IgM+ cells (IgM-only or IgM plus IgD) vs. the IgD-only cells to
      the B-cell mitogen, lipopolysaccharide. Results that after 1-4 days of culture,
      in the presence of mitogen, the IgM+ cells enlarge and elaborate an IgM
      polyclonal response. The IgD-only cells, in contrast, do not exhibit an IgM
      polyclonal response, but instead undergo blastogenesis and proliferation.

PMID- 1083418
TI  - The class of surface immunoglobulin on cells carrying IgG memory in rat thoracic
      duct lymph: the size of the subpopulation mediating IgG memory.
AB  - The fluorescence activated cell sorter was used to determine the class of
      immunoglobulin on the thoracic duct lymphocytes (TDL) which carried IgG memory.
      Although only about 3% of all TDL carried membrane IgG these cells accounted for
      most, if not all, of the adoptive IgG anti-DNP response. It is concluded that
      both CR+ and CR- cells mediating IgG memory in rat TDL bear the same class of
      membrane immunoglobulin as that secreted by their differentiated progeny. The
      class of membrane immunoglobulin on CR+ and CR- rat TDL was also examined. It was
      found that IgM+ cells, which made up over 80% of all Ig+ cells, were virtually
      all CR+. In contrast, the few percent of IgG+ and IgA+ cells present were to be
      found in both subpopulations. There was no evidence of a large population of B
      cells bearing exclusively heavy chains other than IgA, IgG, of IgM. The
      observation that some IgG+ cells as well as IgM+ cells possess a receptor for C3
      appears to rule out the hypothesis that this receptor is involved in blocking a
      switch from IgM to IgG synthesis.

PMID- 1083419
TI  - Separation of helper and suppressor T lymphocytes on a ficoll velocity
      sedimentation gradient.
AB  - A 5-20% Ficoll velocity sedimentation gradient has been successfully applied to
      separate concanavalin A (Con A)-induced helper; and suppressor T cells. When
      titrated into a constant number of fresh normal spleen cells responding to sheep
      erythrocytes, cells from the top pool show stimulatory effects while those from
      the bottom pool show inhibitory activity. Both activities are found to be Con A
      dependent and anti-theta sensitive. We conclude that Con A-induced helper and
      suppressor T cells are distinct subpopulations and such separation will allow
      further characterization of these cell types.

PMID- 1083420
TI  - Suppressor cells: dependence on assay conditions for functional activity.
AB  - Spleen cells educated in vitro with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) suppressed the
      plaque-forming cell response of Mishell-Dutton assay cultures challenged with
      optimal doses of SRBC. Changing conditions in the assay cultures changed the
      effect educated cells had on the assay culture responses. For example, educated
      cells helped rather than suppressed assay cultures of suboptimal numbers of
      spleen cells. Similarly, augmentation resulted upon addition of educated cells to
      assay cultures challenged with suboptimal doses of SRBC. Such a reversal of
      regulatory effects was not observed when assay cultures were challenged with
      supraoptimal antigen doses. Educated cells helped assay cultures of B spleen
      cells, and the addition of normal T cells reinstated suppression. Furthermore,
      maintenance of assay cultures under stationary rather than the usual rocking
      conditions allowed educated cells to help rather than suppress the antibody
      response of assay cultures. These results show that when the response of the
      target population (assay cultures) is low, the regulator (educated) cells augment
      the response, and vice versa, supporting the hypothesis that the effect regulator
      cells produce depends on the activity of the cells they regulate.

PMID- 1083421
TI  - Growth of B-lymphocytes clones in semisolid culture is mitogen dependent.
AB  - A substance which was mitogenic for murine B lymphocytes in the presence of 2
      mercaptoethanol was isolated from agar. Stimulating activity of this material was
      stable to proteolysis or protein denaturants but was destroyed by periodate
      treatment. Agar-derived mitogen stimulation was distinct from that obtained with
      dextran sulfate or lipopolysaccharide and may define different populations of B
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083422
TI  - Cross-priming for a secondary cytotoxic response to minor H antigens with H-2
      congenic cells which do not cross-react in the cytotoxic assay.
AB  - Cytotoxic effector T cells of F1 (BALB/c X BALB.B) (H-2d/b) mice immunized
      against the minor histocompatibility differences of C57BL/10 (H-2b) can lyse
      targets from C57BL/10, but cannot lyse B10.D2 (H-2d) targets. Despite this lack
      of cross-reaction in the cytotoxic assay, C57BL/10 cells do prime F1 (BALB/c X
      BALB.B) mice for a secondary cytotoxic response to B10.D2. C57BL/10-primed,
      B10.D2-boosted cytotoxic cells lyse B10.D2 targets but not C57BL/10 targets.
      DBA/2 (H-2d) spleen cells or thymocytes prime F1 mice for a secondary response to
      DBA/2, B10.D2, and C57BL/10 cells, but DBA/2 mastocytes, P815, do not prime for a
      response to C57BL/10. Whether H-2 congenic lymphoid cells express minor
      histocompatibility determinants which cross-react at the cytotoxic T-cell level
      or the helper T-cell level is discussed.

PMID- 1083423
TI  - Latent Pneumocystis carinii infections in some mammals from Taipei Hsien, Taiwan.

PMID- 1083424
TI  - An improved vaseline gap voltage clamp for skeletal muscle fibers.
AB  - A Vaseline gap potentiometric recording and voltage clamp method is developed for
      frog skeletal muscle fibers. The method is based on the Frankenhaeuser-Dodge
      voltage clamp for myelinated nerve with modifications to improve the frequency
      response, to compensate for external series resistance, and to compensate for the
      complex impedance of the current-passing pathway. Fragments of single muscle
      fibers are plucked from the semitendinosus muscle and mounted while depolarized
      by a solution like CsF. After Vaseline seals are formed between fluid pools, the
      fiber ends are cut once again, the central region is rinsed with Ringer solution,
      and the feedback amplifiers are turned on. Errors in the potential and current
      records are assessed by direct measurements with microelectrodes. The passive
      properties of the preparation are simulated by the "disk" equivalent circuit for
      the transverse tubular system and the derived parameters are similar to previous
      measurements with microelectrodes. Action potentials at 5 degrees C are long
      because of the absence of delayed rectification. Their shape is approximately
      simulated by solving the disk model with sodium permeability in the surface and
      tubular membranes. Voltage clamp currents consist primarily of capacity currents
      and sodium currents. The peak inward sodium current density at 5 degrees C is 3.7
      mA/cm2. At 5 degrees C the sodium currents are smoothly graded with increasing
      depolarization and free of notches suggesting good control of the surface
      membrane. At higher temperatures a small, late extra inward current appears for
      small depolarizations that has the properties expected for excitation in the
      transverse tubular system. Comparison of recorded currents with simulations shows
      that while the transverse tubular system has regenerative sodium currents, they
      are too small to make important errors in the total current recorded at the
      surface under voltage clamp at low temperature. The tubules are definitely not
      under voltage clamp control.

PMID- 1083425
TI  - 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan decarboxylase activity: microassay and distribution in
      discrete rat brain nuclei.

PMID- 1083426
TI  - Gangliosides in frog retinal rod outer segment membranes.

PMID- 1083427
TI  - Orbicularis oculi reflex and facial muscle electromyography. Pre- and
      postoperative evaluation of posterior fossa space-occupying lesions.
AB  - The electrically evoked orbicularis oculi reflex was analyzed in 26 patients with
      proven posterior fossa space-occupying lesions (11 cerebellopontine angle and 15
      cerebellar hemispheric masses). In the former group, although only six had
      clinical evidence of trigeminal or facial involvement, the reflex analysis showed
      both nerves to be involved in all. Electromyography (EMG) of the orbicularis
      oculi showed profound denervation of this muscle while only minimal abnormalities
      of the masseter were seen. The sensory component of the trigeminal nerve was
      always more involved than its motor component and this was a reliable guide as to
      the upward and medial extension of the tumor, especially in the absence of
      clinical localizing signs. In the 15 patients with cerebellar masses, six with
      masses located posteriorly and entirely within the confines of the cerebellum had
      normal studies. In eight, the mass was located anteriorly, and fifth nerve
      involvement could be detected in all by EMG, although only two patients had
      clinical evidence of such involvement. One patient with dysfunction of the
      central reflex arc had EMG evidence of an intraventricular dermoid tumor abutting
      the pons, later confirmed at surgery. Thus, an invaluable body of diagnostic and
      prognostic data can be obtained by this nontraumatic and simple electrodiagnostic
      procedure.

PMID- 1083428
TI  - Letter: Percutaneous trial for implantable stimulating devices.

PMID- 1083429
TI  - Relationship between Monro's foramen and cranial breadth: a method for a more
      accurate echo-encephalographic examination.
AB  - A pneumoencephalographic study to localize the position of Monro's foramen in the
      skull cavity is reported. This has to be done by evaluating the place of Monro's
      foramen in both vertical and horizontal plane. A method to perform more accurate
      ultrasonic examinations is described.

PMID- 1083430
TI  - Characteristics of the entry process for sodium in transporting epithelia as
      revealed with amiloride.
AB  - 1. The permeation of sodium ions trhough the mucosal surface of frog skin
      epithelium at different transepithelial potentials has been investigated using
      the blocking drug amiloride. 2. An increase in serosal negativity in voltage
      clamped skins was associated with an increase in the absolute amount of
      inhibition caused by a fixed concentration of amiloride. Hyperpolarizing or
      depolarizing skins with respect to the short-circuited condition did not affect
      the apparent affinity of amiloride for the entry sites. 3. When skins were
      voltage clamped at -50 mV (serosa negative) the specific binding of amiloride to
      sodium entry sites was increased by 77% compared to the short-circuited
      condition. Skins clamped at +50 mV had only 72% of the specific binding found in
      short-circuited skins. Experiments with a second blocking drug, triamterene,
      indicated that the extra binding sites appearing at -50mV were similar to those
      found under short-circuit conditions. The appearance and disappearance of binding
      sites may reflect changes in cell volume. 4. The findings suggest that the
      increased sodium current which flows when skins are clamped at -50 mV results
      from an increase in the number of entry sites, and perhaps also to a voltage
      sensitive increase in flux through each entry site.

PMID- 1083431
TI  - Separation of two voltage-sensitive potassium currents, and demonstration of a
      tetrodotoxin-resistant calcium current in frog motoneurones.
AB  - 1. Depolarization-induced voltage and conductance changes were studied in frog
      montoneurones in isolated, perfused spinal cord slices. Two types of
      afterhyperpolarization are observed following action potentials in normal Ringer,
      a fast afterhyperpolarization lastin 5-10 msec and a slow afterhyperpolarization
      lasting 60-200 msec. Both afterhyperpolarizations are mediated by an increased K+
      conductance. 2. The slow afterhyperpolarization and conductance increase
      underlying it are selectively and reversibly inhibited by perfusion with
      solutions containing low [Ca2+] (less than or equal to 0-2 nM) or the Ca2+
      antagonists Mn2+ (1mM) or Co2+ (5 mM), and are enhanced by perfusion with high
      [Ca2+]. 3. Addition of 2-5 mM tetraethylammonium ion (TEA+) to the perfusing
      solution prolongs the falling phase of the action potential and abolishes the
      fast afterhyperpolarization, but does not inhibit the slow afterhyperolarization.
      4. When the voltage-dependent Na+ current is blocked by perfusion with TTX (10-5
      M), intracellularly applied depolarizing current steps evoke fast and slow
      hyperpolarizations with kinetics and pharmacological sensitivities similar to
      those of the fast and slow afterhyperpolarizations, respectively. The fast
      hyperpolarization is maximally activated by brief, intense depolarizations, the
      slow hyperpolarization by prolonged, less intense depolarizations. 5. These
      pharmacological and kinetic data demonstrate that in frog motoneurones the
      repolarization-fast afterhyperpolarization sequence and the slow
      afterhyperpolarization are produced by different K+ conductance systems. The fast
      K+ conductance activates rapidly on depolarization, decays rapidly on
      repolarization, and is TEA+ sensitive, while the slow K+ conducatance activates
      and decays more slowly and is Ca2+-dependent. 6. Motoneurones perfused with TEA+
      and TEA often show a slow, regenerative depolarizing response to applied
      depolarizing currents. These regenerative depolarizations are probably produced
      by an influx of Ca2+, because they persist in isotonic CaCl2 and are blocked by
      Mn2+ or low [Ca2+]. The Ca2+-dependence of the slow afterhyperpolarization and
      the increase in slow afterhyperpolarization magnitude observed following the slow
      Ca2+ potentials suggest that a depolarization-evoked Ca2+ influx activates the K+
      conductance underlying the slow afterhyperpolarization. 7. Motoneurones in which
      the slow Ca2+ and K+ conductance systems have been enhanced by high [Ca2+] or
      blocked by Mn2+ show altered discharge patterns in response to intracellularly
      applied depolarizing current steps. Perfusion with twice normal [Ca2+] (4 mM)
      causes montoneurones to discharge more slowly at all current intensities, and
      reduces the slope of the 'steady-state' frequency-current relationship. Mn2+
      perfused motoneurones exhibit fairly normal high-frequency discharge at the onset
      of the current step, but unlike normal motoneurones, do not discharge at
      frequencies below 60/sec...

PMID- 1083432
TI  - [Tetanic fatigue and proximate post-tetanic recuperation in sartorius and flexor
      carpi radialis muscles of the male frog. Effects of iodoacetic acid (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The time-course of the isometric tension output, at 20 degrees C, during a long
      tetanus and after a short period of rest, was investigated in two isolated frog
      muscles : the sartorius and flexor carpi radialis muscles. To prevent aerobie and
      glycolytic recovery processes, some muscles were poisoned with 0,4 mM iodoacetic
      acid (IAA) and nitrogen, for 20 or 40 min. 1. For the unpoisoned sartorius
      muscle, tetanic tension declined quickly, but after a 0,8 sec period of rest, the
      muscle was able to develop high tension. Poisoning with IAA-N2 increased fatigue
      without suppressing the property of a proximate post-tetanic recuperation. 2. In
      the flexor carpi radialis muscle resistance to fatigue was very large before
      poisoning and diminished after poisoning. Proximate recuperation was very weak.
      3. The results show that the recovery processes are not a primary factor of the
      development of the short-term fatigue ; they enhance the hypothesis that a
      failure of the electromechanical coupling can explain the rate of the tension
      fall in tetanized sartorius muscles.

PMID- 1083433
TI  - Mediation of an endotoxic effect by macrophages.

PMID- 1083434
TI  - Introducing quality assurance and medical audit into the UCSF medical center
      curriculum.
AB  - The experience gained by a medical school faculty in developing and piloting a
      course for undergraduate medical students in medical care evaluation led to a
      similar effort for house staff. It is recognized that if the profession is to
      fulfill the demand by society for social accountability in the use of resources
      for health care, medical care assessment and quality assurance mechanisms must
      become an intimate part of the clinical experience of medical students and house
      officers. Teaching these subjects requires a theoretical framework; introduction
      of content and skills appropriate to the level of the student and continuation of
      progressively more advanced training throughout medical education; use of
      assessment and quality assurance techniques by clinician-teachers themselves to
      provide models for the student; and continued evolution of pedagogic approach and
      course content based on developments in the area.

PMID- 1083435
TI  - Rickets in Nigerian children--response to vitamin D.
AB  - The findings in 20 cases of nutritional rickets treated on an out-patient basis
      with oral calciferol and calcium gluconate are reported. Attention was paid to
      their clinical, biochemical and radiological responses. If was noted that
      presentation at the hospital out-patient department was always delayed until
      there were obvious and sometimes severe deformities in  the children. Biochemical
      changes noted during the early phase of treatment showed an initial fall in the
      level of serum calcium and plasma phosohorus and a rise in the serum alkaline
      phosphatase. About three months after initiating treatment, calcium and
      phosphorus reverted to normal levels but serum alkaline phosphatase still
      remained high. Twelve of our cases (60 per cent) suffered from protein calorie
      malnutrition of the marasmic type and showed an apparent resistance to vitamin D
      therapy in what may be regarded as normal dosages. Response was however, achieved
      with substantial increase in the amount of vitamin given. There was a striking
      sex difference in the ratio of 15 males to five females indicating that males are
      more likely to develop nutritional rickets than females when subjected to
      predisposing environmental conditions. Vitamin D resistant type of rickets was
      not encountered in this study.

PMID- 1083436
TI  - Massive intestinal haemorrhage due to infection with Ancylostoma duodenale.

PMID- 1083437
TI  - Carcinogenesis in tissue culture 25: reduced tumorigenicity of alkaline
      phosphatase-constitutive variants from Chinese hamster ovary cells.
AB  - Several subclones with high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were isolated
      from ALP-negative Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-K1). When inoculated into
      cheek pouch membranes of Syrian golden hamsters treated with anti-hamster
      thymocyte serum (ATS), ALP-negative CHO-K1 cells produced progressively growing
      tumors, whereas the cells of ALP-positive subclones did not, although small
      nodules were formed temporarily. The animals injected CHO-K1 cells died of tumor
      by 35 days after grafting, and metastases in liver and lung were revealed on
      autopsy. The histological features of the resultant neoplasms were consistent
      with fibrosarcoma. In animals transplanted with the cells of ALP-positive
      subclones, neither tumor death, nor metastasis formation was observed.

PMID- 1083439
TI  - [Development of the problem oriented system (POS) in the United States and its
      implications. Its introduction into Japanese nursing and its future prospects].

PMID- 1083438
TI  - [Application of the problem oriented system (POS) and problems in clinical
      practice].

PMID- 1083440
TI  - [Problem oriented system (POS) adopted at our hospital; the process of its
      introduction and use].

PMID- 1083441
TI  - [Proteinase inhibitors in complex treatment of arthroses and acute and chronic
      synovitis].

PMID- 1083442
TI  - [Morphological rearrangement of venous autotransplant in experimental aorto
      coronary shunt].

PMID- 1083443
TI  - [Our diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in hemorrhages caused by stomach
      carcinoma].

PMID- 1083444
TI  - [Effect of external electrostimulation on gastric acid secretion].

PMID- 1083445
TI  - [Case of massive bleeding from esophageal varices successfully controlled by
      surgical treatment].

PMID- 1083446
TI  - [Electrostimulation of the ureter as a treatment method in ureteral calculi].

PMID- 1083447
TI  - [Prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions (experimental studies)].

PMID- 1083448
TI  - [Pathogenesis of hemorrhoidal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083449
TI  - Hepatitis B antigen and systemic lupus erythematosus. False positive complement
      fixation due to anti-antibodies.
AB  - Sera from 22 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined for
      the presence of hepatitis B antigen (HBsAG) by a complement fixation (CF) test,
      by an immunoelectrophoretic method (counterelectrophoresis-CEP), and by
      radioimmunoassay (RIA). The sera from 8 patients gave positive results using CF.
      However, the same sera and sera from 28 additional SLE patients, when tested with
      CEP and RIA, were not shown to contain HBsAG.

PMID- 1083450
TI  - [Adrenal cortex function during electroimpulse therapy in patients with spinal
      cord injury].

PMID- 1083451
TI  - [Hematobezoar in a female patient with varicose dilatation of esophageal veins].

PMID- 1083452
TI  - [Basic trends of antituberculosis work under modern conditions].

PMID- 1083453
TI  - [Activity of blood antitrypsin in patients with congenital lung diseases].

PMID- 1083454
TI  - Studies of receptors on normal and malignant tissue from man.
AB  - Receptor studies on normal and malignant human tissues were carried out.
      Erythrocyte receptor studies failed to show differences between malignant and
      normal tissues; both apparently have a receptor for rat erythrocytes, a hemolysin
      for monkey erythrocytes, and an agglutinin for rabbit erythrocytes. Fc receptors
      were found in several malignant tissues and only an occasional normal tissue,
      except for a patient who died of sepsis.

PMID- 1083455
TI  - Coronary collateral circulation during stress and the effects of aorta-coronary
      bypass grafts.
AB  - The ability of coronary collateral vessels to supply an adequate volume of blood
      to the subendocardium during the resting state and during periods of stress was
      studied. Regional myocardial blood flow was determined by the radioactive
      microsphere technique. Ameroid constricting devices were placed around the left
      circumflex coronary artery in 22 adult mongrel dogs. Three months later, regional
      myocardial blood flow was measured in a normal area of the left ventricle as well
      as in the area supplied entirely by coronary collateral vessels. Collateral blood
      flow was sufficient in the resting state to prevent myocardial ischemia distal to
      a gradually occluded coronary artery. However, in 10 animals (Group I) without
      aorta-coronary bypass grafts (ACBG), a selective underperfusion of the
      collateralized subendocardium occurred during periods of stress. In 12 animals
      (Group II), this selective underperfusion of the collateralized subendocardium
      with stress was abolished by placing ACBG's distal to the site of the coronary
      artery occlusion.

PMID- 1083456
TI  - Operative flow measurements and coronary bypass graft patency.
AB  - Early (one week) and late (one year) postoperative angiography was performed in
      142 patients having 310 grafts (117 right coronary artery [RCA], 134 left
      anterior descending [LAD], and 59 circumflex coronary artery [CCA]) to assess the
      factors responsible for failure of aorta-coronary artery saphenous vein grafts.
      Early catheterization revealed an 85.5 per cent patency rate with similar rates
      for each artery (RCA 88 per cent, LAD 85 per cent, and CCA 81 per cent). At one
      year 238 grafts remained patent, for a cumulative patency rate of 76.8 per cent
      with a similar distribution for each vessel (RCA 75 per cent, LAD 78 per cent,
      and CCA 76 per cent). Intraoperative flow measurements were correlated with early
      and late patency. Grafts with a basal flow less than 20 ml. per minute have a 42
      per cent early closure rate and a 21 per cent late closure rate (cumulative 63
      per cent). A basal flow of less than 40 ml. per minute was associated with a 25
      per cent early failure and an 11 per cent late failure rate (cumulative 36 per
      cent). Basal flow at levels greater than 40 ml. per minute was not associated
      with an increased probability of graft closure. Absence of reactive hyperemia (30
      second graft occlusion) was associated with a 19 per cent probability of early
      closure and a 31 per cent probability of cumulative thrombosis. A papaverine
      induced flow increase (15 mg. given into the graft) of less than 100 per cent
      over basal flow gave a 20 per cent probability of early failure and 30 per cent
      probability of cumulative closure. Thus intraoperative basal flow measurements
      are of predictive value in determining the fate of aorta-coronary artery vein
      bypass grafts, and vasodilatory maneuvers provide little additional information.

PMID- 1083457
TI  - Infrarenal mycotic pseudoaneurysm. A late complication of coronary bypass surgery
      with proximal aortic dissection.
AB  - A 62-year-old man developed a mycotic infrarenal pseudoaneurysm at the re-entry
      site of a previous aortic dissection. The aortic dissection had occurred one year
      earlier while he was undergoing coronary bypass surgery. The patient was
      successfully treated with a Dacron bifurcation graft after the mycotic aneurysm
      had been sterilized. Causes and relationships of the mycotic pseudoaneurysm to
      aortic dissection and aortic balloon support are discussed.

PMID- 1083458
TI  - Distribution and severity of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries.
AB  - A postmortem study of 93 human hearts was undertaken. Gross inspection was used
      to determine the degree of atherosclerosis and postmortem coronary angiography to
      estimate the degree of luminal narrowing. The findings indicate the following:
      (1) There is high correlation between the estimates of luminal narrowing in the
      gross specimen and the presence of significant atherosclerosis. (2) Approximately
      30 per cent of vessels with significant proximal disease will have significant
      distal coronary artery disease. (3) When one coronary artery is involved with
      severe proximal atherosclerosis, either of the other two vessels are likely to be
      involved, with a frequency of 75 per cent ormore. (4) When significant distal
      disease is present the proximal vessel is nearly always involved. (5) Patient
      selection prior to referral to surgery may be partly responsible for the over 90
      per cent operability rate in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

PMID- 1083459
TI  - Scanning electron microscope study of human veins and aorta-coronary artery vein
      grafts.
AB  - Scanning electron microscope study of two vein grafts which were removed after 50
      months of implantation as aorta-coronary artery vein grafts showed considerable
      subendothelial thickening, which consisted of relatively cell-poor fibrous layer.
      In one of the grafts the endothelial surface was intact; the second graft showed
      focal loss of endothelial cells. Sections of two fresh human veins, studied prior
      to their insertion as aorta-coronary artery vein grafts, have shown that they
      retained an intact endothelial layer. A third fresh vein, however, showed focal
      damage with missing endothelial cells and adherent fibrin.

PMID- 1083460
TI  - Myocardial revascularization. Early and late results after reoperation.
AB  - In a series of 4,522 consecutive patients who underwent aorta-coronary bypass
      (ACB) with the saphenous vein at the Texas Heart Institute, 32 had a second
      revascularization procedure. All patients were reoperated upon because of
      recurrence of incapacitating angina. Reappearance of angina was related to
      obstruction of the grafts alone in 6 patients, to the disease of other arteries
      alone in 16, and to both sources in the remaining 10 patients. In 9 patients
      progression of the native coronary disease was found, in 16 significant coronary
      obstructions had been left unbypassed at the time of initial operation, and in
      the remaining 7 patients inadequate indication and/or performance of
      revascularization was considered responsible for the failure. Of the 31
      survivors, 61 per cent experienced complete relief of angina or were improved,
      whereas 39 per cent were unimproved. Reoperation was more successful in relieving
      angina when performed in patients with new lesions or with previously unbypassed
      lisions than when done in patients with graft occlusion. Incidence of myocardial
      infarction after the first and second procedure was similar (3 per cent).
      Reoperation was performed with a mortality rate of 3 per cent, comparable to that
      of the original procedure, but relief of angina was not achieved so consistently.

PMID- 1083461
TI  - Hemodynamic effects of venous valves in aorto-coronary bypass grafts.
AB  - Use of the saphenous vein in aorto-coronary bypass surgery for treatment of
      occlusive coronary artery disease is a well-established technique. Use of the
      mammary artery for the same purpose has also been favorably reported. This study
      was undertaken to determine whether a vein graft containing a valve would have an
      added advantage. A comparison of the effect of competent and incompetent valves
      in vein grafts on the hemodynamics of coronary circulation was made. In a group
      of 18 dogs, a 5 cm. portion of each dog's cephalic vein containing a valve was
      used in a single aorto-coronary bypass graft. Flow measurements were made between
      the valve and the anastomosis of the graft to the left anterior descending
      coronary artery (LAD). The valve was made temporarily incompetent by the
      insertion of a spring wire basket, 3.5 mm. in diameter, through the valve via a
      side branch. The flow of blood through the venous graft with the competent valve
      was 11.0 +/- 2.6 per cent higher than with the incompetent valve. An analysis of
      flow patterns showed that this increased flow could be attributed to a reduction
      of backflow during systole and an increase in forward diastolic flow. Results
      suggest that postoperative myocardial perfusion is enhanced by the presence of
      valves in aorto-coronary bypass vein grafts.

PMID- 1083462
TI  - Alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes in chronic active liver disease and primary biliary
      cirrhosis.
AB  - Alpha1-antitrypsin concentrations and phenotypes were determined in groups of
      patients with chronic active liver disease and primary biliary cirrhosis. The
      concentrations of alpha1-antitrypsin were above normal values in both groups; the
      patients with primary biliary cirrhosis had higher concentrations than those with
      chronic active liver disease. The prevalence of common phenotypes in these two
      groups did not differ from that in a sample of healthy blood donors from this
      institution of from a large Norwegian sample. We interpret our data as disputing
      the view that alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes, other than Z. significantly
      predispose adults to hepatic cirrhosis.

PMID- 1083463
TI  - Problems and prospects in surgical immunology.

PMID- 1083464
TI  - [Editorial: Care for patients with serious acute gastric hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083465
TI  - [Celiac disease and malabsorption of vitamin K with severe gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083466
TI  - [Serum salicylates in gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083467
TI  - [Phlegmon--a neglected sign of Haemophilus influenzae septicemia?].

PMID- 1083468
TI  - [Immunologic tissue damage and immunosuppression].

PMID- 1083469
TI  - [Immunosuppressive treatment of rheumatologic diseases].

PMID- 1083470
TI  - [Humoral and cell-bound immunological reactions in chronic hepatitis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Various forms of chronic hepatitis can be differentiated on the basis of
      histological changes as well as of immunological findings. Humoral and cell-bound
      immune phenomena in chronic hepatitis are described; their significance for the
      pathogenesis and for establishing a diagnosis is discussed.

PMID- 1083471
TI  - Effect of L-tryptophan and restraint stress on hypothalmic and brain serotonin
      turnover, and pituitary TSH and prolactin release in rats.

PMID- 1083472
TI  - [Therapy of the postmenopausal osteoporosis using methyltestosterone plus
      ergocalciferol or methylandrostenedione].

PMID- 1083473
TI  - The problem orientated medical record and its educational implications.

PMID- 1083474
TI  - Arterial vasoconstrictor therapy for bleeding oesophageal varices.
AB  - Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with hepatic cirrhosis carries
      considerable mortality. Difficulties are encountered both in determining the
      source of bleeding and in controlling blood loss. The techniques of selective
      visceral angiography not only supply diagnostic information, but can be used to
      administer selective intra-arterial vasoconstrictor therapy to control blood
      loss. We report our experience with 28 patients in whom angiography was performed
      with particular reference to six patients treated with selective vasoconstrictor
      therapy. Although the precise role of the technique is not yet established, early
      experience is most promising. We believe it will play an important role in a
      difficult group of patients in the future and may well supplant present methods
      of controlling bleeding.

PMID- 1083475
TI  - Comparative effectiveness of tetracycline, minocycline and doxycycline in
      treatment of acute-on-chronic bronchitis. A study based on sputum levels.
AB  - After the administration of minocycline, doxycyline and tetracycline in
      recommended therapeutic doses to 11, 10 and 12 patients respectively, sputum
      levels of these antibiotics were determined. Only 20% of patients given
      doxcycline had a satisfactory sputum level and in the remainder levels were
      either low or absent. For patients receiving tetracycline and minocycline, 67%
      and 64% respectively had satisfactory sputum levels. Patients selected for this
      study had a history of chronic bronchitis and were producing copious amounts of
      purulent sputum. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of these three antibiotics
      were similar for 25 freshly isolated strains of Haemophilus influenzae, with
      minocycline being the most inhibitory and doxcycline the least inhibitory.

PMID- 1083476
TI  - [Therapy of tuberculosis with Rifampicin in childhood (author's transl)].
AB  - Compared with the adults the child's bloodlevel after having taken Rifampicin is
      lower, therefore it is recommanded to take a higher dose of 15 mg/kg in the
      morning before having breakfasted. A combination of doses of 10 mg/kg INH and 20
      mg/kg Ethambutol is possible without any doubt. If you consider the reaction
      which may arise, SGOT and SGPT values up to 21 mU are without any signification.
      If they depasse this limit a certain control is necessary and if they are still
      progressive the therapy must be changed. If you compare the experiences with the
      adults, secondary effects of Rifampicin in childhood are less, just so
      indigestibleness of the stomach or intestines tract or allergies.

PMID- 1083477
TI  - [Indications for and limitations of aortocoronary venous bypass].

PMID- 1083478
TI  - [Open problems in pneumonology].

PMID- 1083479
TI  - [Rheumatic infection and congenital hypoproconvertinemia].

PMID- 1083480
TI  - [Clinical pathomorphology and therapeutic progress in interstitial plasma cell
      pneumonia of the infant].

PMID- 1083481
TI  - [Influence of steroids on acetylsalicylic acid blood levels and renal clearance
      in children during a course of rheumatic disease].

PMID- 1083482
TI  - [Ambulatory care of rheumatic children].

PMID- 1083483
TI  - The variable pattern of circulating lymphocyte subpopulations in chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - The percentages of T and B lymphocytes in 13 patients with chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia were determined at two-week intervals. One patient with "B-cell
      predominant" disease showed a decrease from 77 to 49 in the percentage of
      circulating B cells, which bind heat aggregated immunoglobulin and anti-human
      immunoglobulin. This patient had a comparable increase in T cells, which form
      rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. The lymphocytes of three other patients, who
      originally had equal percentages of cells that bound heat-aggregated
      immunoglobulin and anti-human immunoglobulin, lost lg determinants from 47 to 63
      per cent of cells without changing the proportion of cells with receptors for
      heat-aggregated immunoglobulin or for sheep erythrocytes. The characterization of
      lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia should include sequential
      determination of cell-surface markers for both T and B cells, since the disease
      does not represent a proliferation of B cells alone.

PMID- 1083484
TI  - Influenza: response of T-cell lymphopenia to thymosin.
AB  - Eighteen volunteers in tow study groups were inoculated with influenza A (H3N2)
      and their peripheral blood T, B and null cells enumerated at subsequent
      intervals. Infection with wild-type virus or with a live, attenuated virus
      vaccine markedly reduced the proportion and absolute number of T-cell rosettes 24
      hours after inoculation. T-Cell depression preceded the onset of clinical illness
      in symptomatic subjects, continued during illness, and returned to normal with
      recovery. T-cell lymphopenia was most pronounced in volunteers infected with wild
      type virus and was accompanied by an increase in null cells. Lymphocytes from six
      wild-virus recipients with T-cell leukopenia were incubated in vitro with a
      calfthymus extract (thymosin), significantly increasing the percentage of T
      rosettes in all six subjects (P less than 0.0001). These data indicate that
      influenza is accompanied by pronounced quantitative and functional changes in T
      cells.

PMID- 1083485
TI  - Liver disease in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency detected by screening of 200,000
      infants.
AB  - We prosepctively studied 200,000 newborns to determine the frequency and clinical
      characteristics of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. One hundred and twenty Pi Z, 48
      Pi SZ, two PI Z-and one Pi S-infants were identified and followed to the age of
      six months. Fourteen of 120 Pi Z infants had prolonged obstructive jaundice, nine
      with severe clinical and laboratory evidence of liver disease. Five had only
      laboratory evidence of liver disease. Eight other Pi Z infants had minimal
      abnormalities in serum bilirubin and hepatic enzyme activity and variable
      hepatosplenomegaly. All 22 Pi Z infants with hepatic abnormalities, two thirds of
      whom were made, appeared healthy at six months of age. Ninety-eight Pi Z infants
      did not have clinical liver disease, but liver-function tests gave abnormal
      results in 44 of 84 at three months, and in 36 of 60 at six months of age. The
      number of small-for-gestational-age infants was greater (P less than 0.001) among
      those with clinical liver disease. None of the 48 Pi SZ infants had clinical
      liver disease, but 10 of 42 at three months and one of 22 at six months of age
      had abnormal liver function. The Pi Z and Pi SZ phenotypes are associated with
      covert or readily apparent hepatic dysfunction in the first three months of life.

PMID- 1083486
TI  - Antibiotics and invasive Haemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1083487
TI  - Progressive hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus
      on corticosteroid therapy.

PMID- 1083488
TI  - Several proliferative phases precede maturation of IgG-secreting cells in mitogen
      stimulated cultures.

PMID- 1083489
TI  - Single-channel currents recorded from membrane of denervated frog muscle fibres.

PMID- 1083490
TI  - Selective inhibition of potassium conductance in node of Ranvier with a
      photoaffinity label derived from tetraethylammonium.

PMID- 1083491
TI  - The significance of the HL-AB27 antigen in a rheumatologic practice.

PMID- 1083492
TI  - [Axonal composition of the marginal and basal optic tracts of the grass frog].
AB  - An electron-microscopy study of the marginal optic tracts (the medial and lateral
      divisions) and basal optic tract was performed for the frog Rana temporaria. The
      resemblance between the ultrastructure and composition of the marginal tracts is
      revealed. The basal tract is characterized by a relatively loose structure and
      considerable content of the myelinated large diameter fibres. The corresponding
      tract contains 3900 (4.7%), 4700, (4.9%), 700 (28%) of myelinated fibres and 79
      800 (95.3%), 91500 (95.1%) and 1800 (72%) of unmyelinated ones. The spectra of
      the myelinated fibre diameters of the marginal tract are from 0.4 to 2.6 mum with
      the main peak at 1.0 mum and additional peak at 1.6 mum; the spectrum of the
      myelinated fibre diameters of the basal tract is from 0.4 to 4.0 mum with the
      main peak at 1.8 mum and the small additional peak at 3.2 mum. The spectra of the
      unmyelinated fibre diameters of all tracts are from 0.1 to 0.5 mum; 60% of them
      have a diameter of about 0.2 mum. 85 days after enucleation undegenerated
      myelinated fibres were not found in the basal tract of the frog kept at a
      temperature 18-20 degrees C. The medial and lateral marginal tracts contained a
      significant number of the undegenerated myelinated fibres, 33% and 13%, the
      diameter spectra being 0.6-1.4 mum and 0.6-1.0 mum, respectively. It is possible
      that these fibres participate in the organization of the ipsilateral visual
      projection on the tectum. Unmyelinated fibres remain unchanged in all the studied
      tracts.

PMID- 1083493
TI  - Frontiers of psychiatric genetics.

PMID- 1083494
TI  - Histiocytosis X of the cauda equina.
AB  - Laminectomy, performed on a 46-year-old woman because of weakness and
      paresthesias of the lower limbs, showed multiple discrete yellow nodules on the
      nerve roots of the cauda equina. One of these lesions was excised and proved to
      be a granuloma consistent with the diagnosis of histiocytosis X.

PMID- 1083495
TI  - [Benzogammapirone in the treatment of digestive hemorrhages].
AB  - Given the difficulties of treating digestive haemorhages with normal coagulant
      methods, and considering that most haemorrhages are due to vascular factors, a
      vasoprotective substance was associated with common coagulant therapies.
      Benzogammapirone was used orally and by selective arterial infusion. The series
      is presented and the results discussed.

PMID- 1083496
TI  - Chorioepithelioma presenting as a bleeding gingival mass.
AB  - A case is reported in which a very malignant neoplasm appeared clinically to be a
      pregnancy tumor or a hemangioma. There was, of course, no question as to the
      cause of death in this particular case. It was of interest because of the rarity
      of the tumor, the metastasis to the oral cavity, and the fact that the final
      diagnosis was established from pathologic examination. The case demonstrates,
      with emphasis, the great importance of biopsy and routine pathologic examination
      of all tissue for accurate and correct diagnosis, regardless of its clinical
      appearance.

PMID- 1083497
TI  - [Endoscopic diagnosis of gastrointestinal hemorrhages].

PMID- 1083498
TI  - [Surface properties of leukemic cells].

PMID- 1083499
TI  - [Fatal microerosions of the gastric artery].

PMID- 1083500
TI  - Aorta-circumflex coronary artery bypass through the transverse sinus. A new
      technique.
AB  - Aorta-circumflex coronary artery bypass using a saphenous vein graft may present
      technical inadequacies with angulation, kinking, compression, tension and finally
      thrombosis and occlusion of the graft. As these problems are mainly secondary to
      incorrect length and direction of the vein graft, a new technique is described
      which allows the placement of a shorter graft in a more parallel direction to the
      physiologic aortocoronary flow. The transverse sinus of the heart is used as a
      natural protected channel whereby the graft passes behind the great vessels from
      the right posterior wall of the aorta to the circumflex coronary artery. Thus,
      redundancy, angulation and kinking are avoided and flow in the graft takes a more
      natural course.

PMID- 1083501
TI  - Antinuclear antibodies and lupus-like syndromes in children receiving
      anticonvulsants.
AB  - Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like syndromes in children are
      most commonly associated with the administration of ethosuximide,
      diphenylhydantoin, and trimethadione. Five children receiving ethosuximide who
      presented with syndromes suggestive of SLE were studied. Each and fever, malar
      rash, arthritis, and lymphadenopathy. Two children had pleural effusions and
      another developed myocarditis and pericarditis. Three patients had anti-DNA
      antibodies associated with low serum C3. In four of five children symptoms
      disappeared with the discontinuation of ethosuximide; two of these continue to
      have antinuclear antibodies (ANA). One child continues to have active SLE with
      nephritis. A group of 101 children from a seizure clinic were tested for the
      presence of ANA. ANA were found in 14 of 70 children receiving ethosuximide
      and/or diphenylhydantoin; 2 of 14 had anti-DNA antibodies. Serum ANA titers in
      the drug-induced SLE group did not differ significantly from those of the
      asymptomatic seizure patients. ANA were also present in 5 of 23 children
      receiving phenobarbital only. The induction of ANA by phenobarbital is a possible
      hypothesis. Quantitative immunoglobulins and C3 were not significantly altered in
      the asymptomatic children with ANA. Follow-up studies at ten months showed no
      asymptomatic child with ANA to have developed clinical with ANA to have developed
      clinical evidence of SLE. This study suggests that asymptomatic children who
      develop ANA should have careful observation, but need not have their
      anticonvulsants discontinued.

PMID- 1083502
TI  - [Changes in the bone system and muscles in children with certain hereditary
      neuromuscular diseases, according to roentgenological image].

PMID- 1083503
TI  - Chloride transport in isolated frog (Rana temporaria) skin: changes in short
      circuit currently, potential, resistance, and chloride flux elicited by
      furosemide.
AB  - In a large number of isolated frog skins, with potential differences of from 20-
      92 mV (mean, 55.3 +/- 3.6 S.E.M.), the chloride influx was found to be slightly
      greater than chloride efflux under short-circuit conditions, but the difference
      was not statistically significant. However, if skins of low potential (less than
      50 mV) were selected, chloride influx was significantly higher than chloride
      efflux (P less than 0.05). In this low potential group furosemide, (10(-3)M,
      applied to the solution bathing the mucosal surface) was found to produce a) a
      small increase in short-circuit current, which was generally apparent within 1
      min, maximal in 5 min; and thereafter declined towards the control value; b) a
      marked increase in potential difference, apparent within 1 min and sustained for
      at least 30 min; c) a large and sustained increase in the calculated d.c.
      resistance of the skin and d) a decrease in the influx of chloride, such that
      influx and efflux were equalized.

PMID- 1083504
TI  - [Obstructive pulmonary syndromes in children with alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency.
      3 cases].
AB  - During the last six years, the search for a deficiency in alpha-1-antitrypsin
      (AAT) was carried out in 106 children aged from 5 months to 14 years, having the
      obstructive pulmonary syndrome. Nine deficiencies were in this manner detected
      and phenotyped. These are the observations of three of these children which are
      reported here. Their age ranged between 4 years and a half for two of them and 8
      years for the third one, having asthma. The phenotypes are respectively SS, MZ,
      and ZZ. Following these observations, the problems brought up by the association
      in AAT deficiency and the obstructive pulmonary syndrome in children are
      discussed: clinical symptomatology, interpretation of the basic design,
      pathogenic signification and possible connections with asthma and therapeutic
      influence. The functional respiratory disorders noted in these children involved
      a ventilatory asychronism, an overexpansion, and regional abnormalities of
      ventilation and perfusion. To answer these still outstanding questions, the need
      for a systematic prospective study carried out on a wide group of children is
      emphasized.

PMID- 1083505
TI  - [Letter: Heterogeneity of T-lymphocytes in man. Value of the simultaneous use of
      methods of preparative and analytical electrophoresis].

PMID- 1083506
TI  - [Platelet anomaly in an eosinophilic myelophroliferative syndrome].
AB  - The authors report a case of chronic eosinophilic leukemia. Ristocetin did not
      aggregate patient's platelets in the absence of bleeding disorder. A possible
      relationship between arterial thrombosis observed in patients with eosinophilic
      leukemia and platelet abnormality is evoked.

PMID- 1083507
TI  - [Letter: Treatment of recurrent corneal herpes and ophthalmic zona with
      levamisole].

PMID- 1083508
TI  - [Letter: Utility of peroperative endoscopy of the small intestine in inexplicable
      lower digestive hemorrhages].

PMID- 1083509
TI  - The case method in nurse practitioner education.

PMID- 1083510
TI  - Diseases of immigrant children.

PMID- 1083511
TI  - [Our observations on the etiology of chronic non-specific bronchopulmonary
      disease].

PMID- 1083512
TI  - [Methoxypropriocin in the treatment of inflammatory and degenerative diseases of
      the locomotor system].

PMID- 1083513
TI  - B and T lymphocytes in viral hepatitis.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes were investigated in 20 patients with acute viral
      hepatitis. For assessment of B lymphocytes the rosette test was carried out using
      sheep erythrocytes coated with antibodies and murine complement. T lymphocytes
      were recognized by their ability of binding uncoated sheep erythrocytes. In 16
      cases the results of EAC test in patients with viral hepatitis resembled those in
      healthy donors. In 3 cases a significant decrease was observed and in one case a
      significant rise was found in the number of cells forming EAC rosettes. The T
      lymphocyte count was within normal range in 19 investigated cases. The results
      suggest that impaired T lymphocyte reactivity to PHA in acute viral hepatitis is
      due to a disturbed function of T lymphocytes and not to a decrease in their
      number. In cases associated with significant hepatocellular damage a reduction in
      the number of circulating B lymphocytes was observed.

PMID- 1083514
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass surgery for ischemic heart disease: indications based on
      controlled trials.
AB  - One- and two-year results of aortocoronary bypass for ischemic heart disease
      indicate that in stable angina pectoris, at least, the operation can be
      beneficial, ie, superior to intensive medical therapy, in achieving certain
      objectives. The operation is clearly a technical success, and prospects for very
      long-range patency of the grafts appear to be good. An observation of great
      interest is symptomatic improvement in some patients with occluded grafts. The
      greatest success of aortocoronary bypass is improvement in quality of life for
      certain patients.

PMID- 1083515
TI  - Acute epiglottitis.

PMID- 1083516
TI  - A new look at diarrhoea, diverticulitis and 'colitis' after 25 years of clinical
      study.
AB  - The clinical features of fat-intolerant bowel disturbance, which have been
      established by study, over a period of 25 years, of bowel disturbance seen in
      dyspeptic and other patients, are described. Excess dietary fat intake is an
      etiological factor in the irritable colon syndrome, spastic colon,
      diverticulosis, and diverticulitis of the colon and in ulcerative and non
      ulcerative colitis. All these conditions are manifestations of intolerance to
      excess dietary fat intake, and are controlled, and their symptoms are cured, by
      adherence to the fat-free diet: i.e. a diet from which is excluded any fat
      derived from cow's milk, from the pig, any 'store' or 'depot' fat, and any
      vegetable fat concentrate.

PMID- 1083517
TI  - Haematological side-effects of drugs.

PMID- 1083518
TI  - A bizarre cause of rectal trauma.

PMID- 1083519
TI  - Forensic problems in practice. I--Sudden natural death.

PMID- 1083520
TI  - [Effect of immunosuppressive and cytostatic factors on the immune responses of
      the body. Communication II. Effect of hydrocortisone on immunologically competent
      cells (RFC cells and lymphocytes B) in immunized animals (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of hydrocortisone on immunologically competent cells in peripheral
      blood (lymphocytes B and RFC cells) and on the level of humoral antibodies has
      been studied in rabbits immunized twice with 10per cent sheep erythrocytes. The
      animals were divided into two groups. The experimental group, numbering 14
      rabbits, was administered 30 mg/kg body weight of hydrocortisone intramuscularly
      for three consecutive days before the first and second dose of antigen; the 10
      rabbits of the control group were administered only the antigen. The results
      obtained showed that, after immunization and in the course of the normal immune
      response of the body, the numbers of RFC cells and of lymphocytes B increased in
      peripheral blood before the level of antibodies rose (Fig. 1, 3 and 4). The
      results in the group of experimental rabbits showed that hydrocortisone markedly
      suppressed the normal immune response of the body to the antigen administered.
      When the data obtained in both groups studied were compared, it was found that
      the amount of RFC cells and of lymphocytes B in peripheral blood was manifestly
      smaller in the group of experimental animals treated with hydrocortisone, than in
      the group of control animals, both after the first and the second dose of antigen
      (Fig. 1, 2 and 3). The difference concerning the humoral antibodies level between
      the two groups, however, appeared only after the second dose of the antigen (Fig.
      4, Table I). That means that the investigation of immunologically competent cells
      in peripheral blood, such as lymphocytes B and RFC cells, enables to detect
      disturbances in the immune response of the body earlier than the investigation of
      humoral antibodies and supplies a more complete image of the changes occurring in
      the body during immunization.

PMID- 1083521
TI  - [Evaluation of the phagocytic activity of the blood leukocytes in children with
      intrathoracic tuberculosis].

PMID- 1083522
TI  - [Tuberculin sensitivity in preschool children with the Mantoux test using 2 TU of
      PPD-D].

PMID- 1083523
TI  - [Tuberculin sensitivity of school-age children with dynamic follow-up].

PMID- 1083524
TI  - [Secretion of Mycobacteria tuberculosis of the avian type in children with
      tuberculosis and the source of the infection].

PMID- 1083525
TI  - Distribution of Ia-like molecules on the surface of normal and leukemic human
      cells.
AB  - Antiserum to a glycoprotein antigen complex of 23,000 and 30,000 dalton subunits
      (p23,30), isolated and purified from a human lymphoblastoid B cell line, was
      shown to be highly specific for human bursal-equivalent-processed (B) cells,
      reactive with 15-20% of human Null cells, but completely unreactive with human
      thymus-processed (T) cells. The p23,30 antigen is widely distributed on chronic
      lymphatic leukemic cells, 85% of acute lymphatic leukemic cells, all acute
      myelogenous leukemic cells, but not on chronic myelogenous leukemic cells. A
      rabbit antiserum specific for normal human thymocytes has also been prepared; it
      is reactive only with precisely that subset of acute lymphatic leukemic cells
      (15%) whose members do not have p23,30 on their surfaces.

PMID- 1083526
TI  - Antigen stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis and control of immune responses.
AB  - Within 2 min following the intravenous injection of sheep erythrocytes (sRBC)
      there occurs 20 to 80-fold increase in prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha in the spleen.
      This burst of synthesis is followed by a slow decline to control levels over the
      next 1-4 hr. No increase in splenic PGF2alpha levels is observed between 24 and
      72 hr after injection. Injection of colloidal carbon results in a small increase,
      approximately 20% of the increase in PGF2alpha observed with sRBC. The early
      increase in splenic PGF2alpha levels stimulated by sRBC is also dependent upon
      thymus-derived (T) cells, since the increase is small or nonexistent in athymic
      mice and NZB mice. Also, the elevation of splenic PGF2alpha levels is blocked by
      the administration of indomethacin or Ro 20-5720, both of which block the
      synthesis of prostglandin. A small increase (2-fold) in PGF2alpha levels occurs
      in the thymus. A soluble antigen, bovine gamma globulin, stimulated a bimodal
      increase in splenic PGF2alpha levels, the early peak occurring at 2 hr and the
      later increase occurring at 48 hr. Using inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis,
      it is possible to enhance the appearance of cells forming 19S antibody against
      sRBC, both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, inhibition of prostaglandin
      synthesis enhances DNA synthesis induced in a two-way mixed-lymphocyte reaction
      only in whole spleen cell cultures and not in cultures of spleen cells purified
      by passage over glass wool. Based on this evidence, it is proposed that the
      prostaglandins represent a major soluble mediator in the control of T cell-T cell
      interactions and also play an important part in T-B (bone-marrow derived) cell
      interactions.

PMID- 1083527
TI  - Molecular abnormality of human alpha1-antitrypsin variant (Pi-ZZ) associated with
      plasma activity deficiency.
AB  - A human alpha1-antitrypsin variant protein was purified to homogeneity from
      homozygous variant subjects (Pi-ZZ) who had a deficiency of plasma trypsin
      inhibitory capacity. Molecular weight, specific trypsin inhibitory capacity, and
      immunologic activity of the variant protein were identical to those of normal.
      Amino acids, N-acetylglucosamine, and hexose contents were closely similar in the
      normal and variant proteins, but the sialic acid content in the variant protein
      was significantly lower than normal. The structural difference between the normal
      and the variant alpha1-antitrypsin was elucidated by fingerprinting of their
      tryptic peptides. Two amino acid substitutions, i.e., glutamic acid in the normal
      protein to lysine in the variant protein, and glutamic acid in the normal protein
      to glutamine in the variant protein, were found.

PMID- 1083528
TI  - Muller cell function during spreading depression in frog retina.
AB  - K+ potentials were investigated using K+ microelectrodes in frog (Rana pipiens)
      retinas conditioned for spreading depression (SD) by Cl--free Ringer's solution.
      A marked increase in outside K+ concentration, [K+]O, maximal in the inner
      plexiform layer, was observed during SD. This [K+]o change resembled the
      simultaneously recorded membrane potential change in Muller cells, suggesting
      that these cells act as K+ electrodes. Intracellular recording with K+ electrodes
      in Muller cells showed that upon SD the [K+]i (inside) of Muller cells increases
      and therefore immediately starts to cleanse the extracellular space of the excess
      of K+ which, evidence suggests, is mainly caused by pathologically enhanced
      synaptic activity in the inner plexiform layer.

PMID- 1083529
TI  - Homozygous and heterozygous alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency: prevalence in
      pulmonary emphysema.

PMID- 1083530
TI  - Effect of variation in alpha-1-antritrypsin phenotype upon incidence of
      respiratory illness in an unselected working population.

PMID- 1083531
TI  - Myocardial preservation during cardiac arrest.

PMID- 1083532
TI  - Effects of hypo- and hyperthyroidism on 5-hydroxytriptophan and chlorpromazine-
      induced prolactin release in the rat.

PMID- 1083533
TI  - Stimulation of antibody synthesizing lymphocytes in the rat by antigen reactive
      cells sensitized in vitro.
AB  - Lymphocytes obtained from rat spleens were sensitized in vitro to sheep
      erythrocytes. The sensitized lymphocytes did not synthesize antibody but when
      injected into unimmunized rats did stimulate antibody production to sheep
      erythrocytes. Analysis of the location of 7 and 19 S plaque-forming cells in the
      recipient rats indicated that these two antibody synthesizing cell populations
      arise from different lymphocytes. It was also found that the sensitized
      lymphocytes could react only with a limited number of antibody synthesizing
      cells.

PMID- 1083534
TI  - Sugar-induced potential difference and short circuit current in bullfrog small
      intestine: effect of UO22+.
AB  - UO22+ 1.3 mM added as UO2(NO3)2 to the mucosal solution consistently inhibited
      the P.D. and ISC evoked by 11 mM glucose and 35 mM 3-O-methyl glucose across
      isolated strips of bullfrog small intestine bathed by symmetrical Ringer
      solutions in which SO42- was the major anion. The average degree of inhibition in
      the presence of glucose was 42 +/- 7(SEM) percent. P.D. and ISC in the absence of
      transported solutes were not significatnly altered by mucosal UO22+ at this
      concentration. Increasing the mucosal UO22+ concentration to 2.6 mM did not
      significantly increase its inhibitory action on glucose-evoked P.D. and ISC.
      Further increasing the UO22+ concentration to 13 mM completely inhibited glucose
      induced P.D. and ISC but also markedly reduced these parameters in the absence of
      glucose. Serosal UO22+ (1.3mM) had no effect on the P.D. and ISC evoked by
      glucose and 3-O-methyl glucose. It is suggested that the inhibitory action of
      UO22+ involves binding of this ion to anionic sites located in the apical
      membrane of the absorptive cells. Mucosal or serosal UO22+ (1.3 mM) had no effect
      on the P.D. and ISC elicited by 20 mM valine, indicating that under the
      conditions of these experiments UO22+ selectively inhibits sugar-induced P.D. and
      ISC and, by implication mucosal sugar uptake.

PMID- 1083535
TI  - Testosterone manipulations: effects on ranacide aggression and brain monoamines
      in the adult female rat.
AB  - The effect of testosterone propionate on ranacide (frog-killing) behavior and
      brain norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) levels was
      determined in 40 female Wistar rats. Adult rats were screened for frog killing
      behavior on the basis of a single 30 min testing session. Aggressors were defined
      as animals which attacked or killed during this session while nonaggressors
      failed to do so. Using either aggressors or nonaggressors, testosterone and
      sesame oil equally increased aggresive behavior as measured in a second 30 min
      testing session. Biochemical analyses indicated that testosterone treated animals
      had significantly higher brain NE and NE/5-HT levels. Aggressors, testosterone or
      sesame treated had higher NE/5-HT ratios. Whole-brain levels of DA and 5-HT and
      the DA/5-HT ratios were unaffected. It is concluded that the elicitation of
      ranacide in the adult female rat is not androgen dependent nor is this behavior
      functionally related to the observed differences in brain
      noradrenergic/serotonergic levels. This study provides additional evidence that
      ranacide is a type of predatory aggression and yet presents data which may be at
      variance with the classic monoaminergic theory of aggressive behaviors.

PMID- 1083536
TI  - Time-dependent results of amino acid uptake studies of learning in frogs.
AB  - Myelencephalic grass frogs were trained to elevate the right forelimb to avoid a
      shock plate at several times in relation to administration of 3H-leucine and
      sacrifice. Total radioactivity (excluding 3H2O) and radioactivity in the soluble
      pool were significantly greater in the trained animals. The differences between
      trained and yoked animals decreased with increasing time, up to 30 min after
      training. The opposite trend was apparent in TCA insoluble material; differences
      between trained and yoked animals increased with increasing time after training.
      Similar experiments with 3H-inulin provide evidence that the effects were not due
      to generalized permeability increases or circulatory alterations.

PMID- 1083537
TI  - Simultaneous efflux of K+ and Na+ from frog sartorius muscle freed of
      extracellular fluids: evidence for rapidly exchanging Na+ from the cells.
AB  - After removal of radioactivity trapped in the extracellular space and correcting
      for the contribution of connective tissue elements, the K+ -efflux curve of frog
      sartorius muscles becomes a perfect straight line in a semilogarithmic plot. The
      simultaneously recorded Na+-efflux curve from the same muscles remains strongly
      curved, and can be resolved into a slow fraction (which conventionally has been
      regarded as representing the entire cell Na+) and at least one fast fraction. The
      fast fraction of Na+ could not have originated from a sarcoplasmic reticulum or
      any other extracellular space extensions; otherwise a similar fast fraction
      should exist for K+. The data agree with the interpretation that it is the fast
      fraction that is rate limiting by cell permeability and the slow fraction by
      desorption from intracellular adsorption sites.

PMID- 1083538
TI  - Intracellular resistance and conduction in bullfrog atrium.
AB  - The present study was undertaken to study the mechanism of transmission across
      the junctions between cells of cardiac muscle. Two cases, one with high
      resistance junction and the second with low resistance junctions, were modeled
      mathematically and each model was analyzed to predict the ratio of the transverse
      to longitudinal threshold field strengths. This ratio was measured experimentally
      for atrial trabeculae from Rana catesbiana and agreed well with the value
      predicted by the model in which the resistance of the membranes at the junctions
      is low. It can be inferred, therefore, that the resistance at the junctions
      between cells of bullfrog atrial muscle is low enough to permit the flow of
      sufficient current from the pre- to postjunctional cell to cause excitation of
      the latter. One parameter required in the analysis was the space constant,
      lambda. This was measured with the trabecula in a volume conductor using a large
      planar external electrode to produce a change in the transmembrane potential and
      a microelectrode to measure the spatial decrement of the electrotonic potential.
      The measurements of electrotonic decrement in 16 trabeculae are pooled to provide
      an estimate of the value of the space constant in frog atrial trabeculae: lambda=
      0.863 +/- 0.041 mm, s.d., n=96.

PMID- 1083539
TI  - The anti-inflammatory agents used in rheumatic disorders.
AB  - The objectives of nonspecific anti-inflammatory therapy are, for the most part,
      to relieve symptoms. In selected patients such therapy may also slow, prevent, or
      reverse the destructive effects of the inflammatory process. It is well to
      remember that none of the wide variety of anti-inflammatory agents is without
      some inherent toxicity, although some agents are obviously much more toxic than
      others. The physician prescribing these agents must keep in mind both the
      potential benefits and the potential risks attendant to their use. In this way he
      can balance potential benefit against potential risk and arrive at the most
      rational drug therapy for any given rheumatic disorder.

PMID- 1083540
TI  - Nine-year cross-sectional study of change in self-concepts of college freshmen.

PMID- 1083541
TI  - [Indications for surgical and medical treatment of coronary artery disease
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The following effects in treatment of coronary artery disease are desired: 1.
      Elimination or improvement of angina. 2. Improvement of physical capacity. 3.
      Prevention of imminent complications (myocardial infarct, cardiac arrhythmias,
      heart failure, embolism). 4. Elimination or diminuation of risk factors. 5.
      Prolongation of life. - In a critical survey concerning long-term studies of
      patients with aorto-coronary bypass or medical treatment in the literature
      subtile lists of indications for surgical and conservative treatment are put up
      (Table II and III), illustrated by case reports. - Useful criteria for diagnosis,
      follow-up, and prognosis are selective coronary angiography, ventriculography as
      well as determination of the coronary reserve (Argon Method). Indication for
      aorto-coronary bypass and resection of myocardial aneurysms are presented.
      Principles of medical treatment are: 1. Diminuation of myocardial oxygen
      requirement (release of pressure, economisation of work load, recompensation,
      regulation of arrhythmias) and 2. improvement of myocardial oxygen supply
      (Diminuation of coronary perfusion resistance including prevention and treatment
      of atherosclerosis). Indication for various medications are discussed (nitrites,
      beta-adrenergic blocking agents and antihypertensive drugs, glycosides,
      medication for arrhythmias, coronary dilatators, anticoagulants, and lipotropic
      substances). Their mode of action is debated and documented by own results.
      Present possibilities and limits in treatment of coronary artery disease are
      presented.

PMID- 1083542
TI  - [Surgical treatment of occlusive coronary artery disease. Methods and results
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A brief history of the development of coronary heart surgery is presented. Modern
      methods include the aorto-coronary bypass using saphenous vein graft or the
      thoracic internal artery, and the resection of ventricular aneurysm. The own
      experience with a group of 262 patients revealed a total mortality of 11,4%.
      Selected indication, improved surgical technique and postoperative care changed
      coronary surgery during the recent years into a routine method. The operative
      risk is characterized by the anatomical location of the occlusive artery disease
      as well as by the left ventricular function. But even in the group with high
      surgical risk the operative treatment is justified since life expectancy under
      conservative therapy is limited. In a group with 17 late death the main cause was
      due to cardiac insufficiency. In the group of survivors approximately 84% of the
      bypass were patent after an average period of 18 months.

PMID- 1083543
TI  - Evaluation of pediatric hydrocephalus by computed tomography.
AB  - Computed tomography (CT) is a safe and reliable technique for the study of
      children with increased head circumference. Hydrocephalic children requiring
      drainage of cerebrospinal fluid may be shunted on the basis of the CT scan alone
      and their postsurgical course followed by serial CT scans thereafter. Any
      additional pneumographic studies required may be performed via the existing shunt
      tube, eliminating transcerebral catheterization and its attendant complications.

PMID- 1083544
TI  - Diagnosis of epidermoid tumor by computed tomography. Analysis and evaluation of
      findings.
AB  - Primary intracranial intradural extraventricular epidermoid tumor may be
      suggested by the findings on computed tomography (CT), which is also useful
      during the follow-up period. Epidermoid tumors may exhibit minimal symptoms and
      have usually spread far beyond their original site by the time they are found.
      Early detection, delineation, and characterization are possible with CT.

PMID- 1083545
TI  - The anterior inferior cerebellar artery in mass lesions. Preliminary findings
      with emphasis on the lateral projection.
AB  - Analysis of abnormalities of the configuration of the anterior inferior
      cerebellar artery in lateral projection facilitates diagnosis of posterior fossa
      masses. Cerebellopontomedullary angle lesions frequently cause arcuate posterior
      inferior displacements of the rostrolateral artery or reversal of curvature of
      the ascending segment of the meatal loop. Vermian, hemispheric, intra-fourth
      ventricular, and suitably situated extra-axial masses alter the plane of the
      lateral loop of the caudomedial artery. Tonsillar herniation may be detected in
      patients with hypoplastic or absent posterior inferior cerebellar arteries by
      analyzing the relationship of the biventral segment of the descending or
      caudomedial artery to the foramen magnum.

PMID- 1083546
TI  - Abnormal pulmonary gallium accumulation in P. carinii pneumonia.
AB  - The potentially fatal interstitial pneumonia of Pneumocystis carinii is a
      frequent opportunistic invader of patients treated for malignancy with
      immunosuppressive and cytotoxic agents. Generalized Ga-67 pulmonary localization
      which is markedly disproportionate to the clinical and radiographic findings has
      led to earlier diagnoses by open lung biopsy in this setting. The potential
      usefulness of gallium scintigraphy in patients with suspected P. Carini pneumonia
      is presented.

PMID- 1083547
TI  - [NZB/W mice: an animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1083548
TI  - Alterations in the cellular-mediated immune responsiveness of chronic marihuana
      smokers.
AB  - Chronic marihuana smokers and matched nonsmokers were compared with respect to
      several aspects of both their humoral and cellular immune system. Immunoglobulin
      and complement levels, SMA 12 and hematologic values from marihuana smokers did
      not differ significantly from those obtained from nonsmokers. However, the number
      of T-lymphocytes with respect to the ratio of T and B-lymphocytes in the
      peripheral blood was lowered in marihuana smokers. In addition,
      phytohemagglutinin stimulation of lymphocytes was apparently less effective in
      smokers. The polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PNM) from the blood of smokers
      contained fewer cells capable of phagocytizing yeast cells than did PMN from
      nonsmokers. While marihuana smoking does appear to affect immune mechanisms at no
      time in these studies were any deleterious physiological effects that could be
      directly associated with the alterations in the immune system observed in the
      marihuana smokers.

PMID- 1083549
TI  - [Suggestions for a national network of antirheumatism campaign].

PMID- 1083550
TI  - [Genetic control of the immune response].

PMID- 1083551
TI  - [Aorto-coronary bypass. Influence of the surgical technic on short term results].

PMID- 1083552
TI  - [Indications and results of emergency aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1083553
TI  - [The salivary glands during rheumatoid arthritis].
AB  - Salivary gland lesions were studied in 65 non-selected, confirmed rheumatoid
      polyarthritis patients. The investigations included a careful clinical study, the
      Schirmer test, sialography, sequential scintigraphy with Technetium 99, and a
      histological study of the sublingual glands. Tests were also made for salivary
      gland anti-epithelium antibodies. The frequency of sialography and scintigraphy
      anomalies is emphasized. In different degrees, two of of three patients presented
      anatomical or functional anomalies of the salivary glands. These disturbances
      were not related to the duration, the functional severity, or the treatment of
      the disease or to the presence of anti-salivary gland antibodies. On the other
      hand, there was a clear relation with both the presence of anti-nuclear
      antibodies and an increase in the serum gammaglobulin levels. The limits of the
      Gougerot syndrome are discussed and it is proposed that there is a need for a
      second nosological class grouping the minor scintigraphic and sialographic
      anomalies related to rheumatoid arthritis that has been suggested by several
      authors.

PMID- 1083554
TI  - [Intermittent rheumatism revealing a familial syndrome. Arthritis--urticarian
      eruptions--deafness: Muckle-Wells syndrome without kidney amylosis].
AB  - At a consultation with a 31-year-old man, motivated by painful episodes of joint
      pain that had started considerably earlier, a familial disease entity was
      discovered that included the three clinical signs of the Muckle and Wells
      syndrome : urticarial eruption, intermittent pain in the limbs originating in the
      joints, and bilateral deafness of perception. In spite of the absnece of renal
      amylosis, the similarity of the characteristics of these three elements, as well
      as the nature of the biochemical disturbances, and the mode of transmission, led
      the authors to consider these observations in the contest of this syndrome. The
      joint manifestations being indicative, the signs of this intermittent rheumatism
      are described, as well as the characteristics of the other disorders.

PMID- 1083555
TI  - Genetic control of B-cell responses. II. Identification of the spleen B-cell
      defect in C3H/HeJ mice.
AB  - The responsiveness of spleen cells from C3H/HeJ and C3H/Tif mice to
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was compared. Around 1,000-fold higher concentration of
      LPS were required to minimally activate HeJ cells, as compared with Tif high
      responder cells, to both proliferation and polyclonal antibody secretion.
      However, HeJ cells did respond to higher LPS concentrations (100 and 1000
      mug/ml). This selective pattern of responsiveness to LPS was also observed in the
      polyclonal responses of strains to LPS in vivo. Furthermore, the unresponsiveness
      of HeJ spleen cells was found to depend on a pure B-cell defect in the capacity
      to interact and/or generate triggering signals on interaction with LPS. Thus,
      adherent cells, thymus-derived lymphocytes, serum factors, and other non-specific
      conditions inherent in spleen cell suspensions of low-responder mice were not
      responsible for suppressing a putative B-cell response to LPS. The present
      findings are compatible with the possibility that the defect in C3H/HeJ B cells
      reflects the absence of a structure on the cell surface membrane that is
      functionally responsible for mediating LPS triggering.

PMID- 1083556
TI  - Demonstration of T lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was allowed to drop straight into Hanks's balanced salt
      solution. After centrifugation the pellet was resuspended and mixed with sheep
      erythrocytes. The mixture was further handled as in the E-rosette test with
      peripheral blood lymphocytes. CSF from 20 individuals were investigated, and
      rosette-forming cells (RFC) were found in all. Six patients with normal fluid had
      between 46% and 83% RFC. Four patients with multiple sclerosis had increased
      numbers of RFC (94%-96%). Low numbers of RFC were found in one patient with
      cerebellar ataxia and in one of two patients with acute viral meningitis. With
      this technique RFC can be counted even in normal CSF with a 3-ml sample.

PMID- 1083557
TI  - Amyloid-related serum protein (SAA) in patients with inherited amyloidosis and
      certain viral conditions.
AB  - Amyloid-related serum protein (SAA) was studied with a double immunodiffusion
      method. Only 2 of 21 patients with inherited systemic amyloidosis and lattice
      corneal dystrophy had elevated SAA levels in their sera. Several
      pseudoexfoliation patients had elevated levels of SAA, but it was not possible to
      differentiate an age-related elevation of SAA from that associated with this
      disease. In addition, SAA was found in the sera of many groups of patients with
      acute viral infections, including 10 of 11 patients with measles and 7 of 11
      persons vaccinated against rubella. Elevation of SAA protein appeared in the
      serum before the 6th day after the vaccination, had its peak value between days 6
      and 12, but was absent already on the 20th day. In this relation the SAA protein
      appears to behave as an acute-phase reactant.

PMID- 1083558
TI  - Mitogenic properties of polyene antibiotics for murine B cells.
AB  - Two polyene antibiotics, nystatin and amphotericin B, were found to be mitogenic
      for mouse spleen cells as measured by induction of DNA synthesis and polyclonal
      antibody production. This effect was demonstrated on spleen cells from nude mice
      and anti-theta-treated spleen cells from normal mice. No effect was found on
      cortisone-resistant thymocytes or on spleen cells treated with anti-mouse bone
      marrow-derived lymphocyte antigen antiserum. Nor was there any effect on spleen
      cells passed through a nylon fiber column. Thus we conclude that nystatin and
      amphotericin B are murine B-cell mitogens.

PMID- 1083559
TI  - Heterogeneity of B cells: direct evidence of selective triggering of distinct
      subpopulations by polyclonal activators.
AB  - This investigation was undertaken to assess directly the previous postulate that
      distinct subsets of B cells in the adult mouse spleen are selectivity triggered
      by different polyclonal B-cell activators (PBA). Several strains of mice and
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS), purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD), and
      dextran sulphate (DS) were used in this study. Two experimental approaches were
      used: stimulation after addition of two PBAs simultaneously to cell cultures and
      eliminating the responding population to one PBA, by a hot pulse of radioactive
      thymidine, on a later response to another PBA. The results of these experiments
      indicated that DS stimulated a cell population completely different from that
      stimulated by the LPS- and PPD-sensitive cells. When LPS and PPD stimulations
      were compared, it was found that the cells responding to these PBAs were largely
      distinct, although some cells were sensitive to both these PBAs. The extension of
      the overlaps in these subsets (the number of cells that could be activated by
      either PBA) was found to vary from one strain to another. These experiments gave
      direct evidence of the existence of subsets that can be activated by different
      PBAs. The present results also provided indications of the functional performance
      of distinct subsets of B cells on activation.

PMID- 1083560
TI  - Assessment of Peroheme-40 for the presence of occult blood in the faeces.
AB  - Peroheme 40, a chemical test for occult blood in faeces, has been assessed by
      comparing it with results obtained using 51Cr labelled red cells. The study was
      carried out in two parts. Initially testing was carried out on 75 stool samples
      from 20 patients on a restricted diet, and in the second part, testing was
      performed on 40 samples from 10 patients on a normal ward diet. All patients were
      suspected of losing blood from the gastrointestinal tract. On the restricted diet
      there were 29 per cent false positive and 13 per cent false negative results,
      while on the normal diet, there were 86 per cent false positive and 8 per cent
      false negative results. Peroheme-40 has therefore been shown, on a restricted
      diet, to compare favourably with previously available chemical tests.

PMID- 1083561
TI  - [Aortocoronary bypass in ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1083562
TI  - Gastrointestinal bleeding in children.

PMID- 1083563
TI  - Quantitative evaluation of left ventricular bypass in reducing myocardial
      ischemia.
AB  - A controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between myocardial
      oxygen consumption (MVO2) and epicardial S-T segment improvement in an ischemic
      heart preparation during left ventricular (LV) bypass. Twelve mongrel dogs were
      prepared with left ventricular-aortic bypass, coronary sinus cannulation, and a
      multiple point epicardial electrocardiographic technique. The left anterior
      descending coronary artery was ligated low (Group I) or high (Group II) after
      baseline studies. After ischemic baseline studies, increasing degrees of LV
      bypass were performed at a constant mean aortic pressure and heart rate. The
      final infarct size was determined by the nitroblue tetrazolium staining
      technique. Group I--a significant reduction in the average (S-T) segment
      elevation occurred during 50 to 59 percent of LV bypass during which MVO2 was
      reduced 10.9 percent from controls. A maximum S-T reduction of 75 percent
      occurred during LV decompression during which MVO2 was reduced 52.8 percent from
      controls. The final infarct size for Group I was 9.8 +/- 0.9 Gm. per 100 Gm. of
      LV. Group II--a significant reduction in S-T segment elevation occurred only
      after 90 to 99 percent LV bypass was achieved during which MVO2 was reduced 28.1
      percent from controls. LV decompression produced a maximum S-T reduction of 63
      percent during which MVO2 was reduced 50.2 percent from controls. The final
      infarct size for Group II was 21.1 +/- 0.4 Gm. per 100 Gm of LV. This study
      indicates that larger degrees of bypass are required to decrease the ischemic
      areas encountered in larger infarctions. LV decompression is most beneficial in
      reducing ischemic myocardium surrounding large infarctions.

PMID- 1083564
TI  - [Diagnostic and pathogenetic significance of antibodies to DNA].

PMID- 1083565
TI  - [Urgent problems of modern rheumatology].

PMID- 1083566
TI  - [DNA antibodies and other indicators if immunologic reactivity in patients with
      rheumatism].

PMID- 1083567
TI  - [Macrolid antibiotics and adrenalin-induced hyperglycemia].

PMID- 1083568
TI  - Pathologic cells as procoagulant substance of disseminated intravascular
      coagulation syndrome in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

PMID- 1083569
TI  - Factor VIII (Willebrand) antigen and ristocetin-Willebrand factor in pigs with
      von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1083570
TI  - Lymphocyte cytotoxicity to isolated hepatocytes in chronic active hepatitis. The
      role of T- and B-cells.

PMID- 1083571
TI  - Aluminium localization in amphibian skin with the electron microprobe and ion
      microanalyzer.
AB  - EMP and IMA studies show the presence of A1 in the epidermis of larvae and young
      adults of Discoglossus pictus and Rana esculenta, which disappears during later
      stages of development. A1 is practically absent in the epidermis of Xenopus
      laevis and Pleurodeles waltlii. The localization of A1 with EMP and IMA supports
      the biochemical results. The function of A1 in the epidermis is not known at
      present.

PMID- 1083572
TI  - Diagnosis and management of onyalai.
AB  - Onyalai is diagnosed by finding the combination of haemorrhagic blisters in the
      mouth and severe thrombocytopenia, and by excluding other possible causes of
      thrombocytopenia. Patients improve rapidly with appropriate therapy. Haemorrhagic
      shock should be corrected with intravenous fluid and blood transfusion.
      Corticosteroids should be given in large doses initially, then tapered off and
      stopped over a period of several weeks. Occasional patients may require more
      prolonged steroid therapy.

PMID- 1083573
TI  - Lymphocyte functions in the rat spleen at various times after urethan
      administration.
AB  - The effect of urethan on various spleen-lymphocyte functions was studied in the
      rat for 45 days after administration of the carcinogen. For 3 days following the
      last injection of urethan, the total cell number and LPS reactivity were greatly
      reduced. Certain reactivities, probably T-cell dependent functions, such as
      responsiveness to the in vitro mitogenic effect of PHA, Con A, and primary
      stimulation by histocompatibility alloantigens in the one-way reaction, were
      selectively enriched during the first 2 days. Thereafter several dissociations of
      these lymphocyte functions can be observed: i.e., various intervals succeed
      during which one function may be enriched and other(s) diminished. It seems that
      the kinetics of enrichment, decay and recovery of the T-cell subsets involved in
      the reactions investigated follow a distinctive profile for each one of them. It
      is suggested, as a working hypothesis, that the unbalanced situations derived
      from the time-course discordance of the quantitative changes in the various
      lymphocyte functions may allow, or even enhance, tumor development.

PMID- 1083574
TI  - [Histological and immunological study of patients with lung and digestive tract
      tumors. Analysis of T and B lymphocytes from the peripheral blood and from the
      lymph nodes draining the tumor (author's transl)].
AB  - The nature of the immune response to the tumor cell is complex and has yet to be
      clearly defined. Although past research has foscused on the cytotoxic effect of T
      lymphocytes versus tumor cells, it has been shown in animal studies that B
      lymphocytes may also be implicated. Lymphocytes from patients with respiratory
      and digestive tract tumors were studied. B and T lymphocytes of peripheral blood
      and of draining lymph node tumors were studied using the following techniques: E
      rosettes (marker for T cells); membrane Ig, EAC rosettes, aggregated-Ig (marker
      for B lymphocytes); PHA and PKW in vitro response of lymphocytes using tritiated
      thymidine incorporation. It was observed that both groups of patients had normal
      or depressed B and T populations. PHA response was depressed in the majority of
      the cases with lung tumor. No difference was observed between lymphocytes from
      peripheral blood and from lymph node suspensions. As in normal lymph nodes the
      EAC rosettes were constantly observed in the cortical area of lymph node draining
      tumors. The immune defect observed in part of these cases is discussed in
      relation to the local and general immunological factors probably responsible for
      this defect.

PMID- 1083575
TI  - Selection of patients with urinary incontinence for application of functional
      electrical stimulation.
AB  - Contradictory data from the literature along with our own experience using
      functional electrical stimulation (FES) have facilitated the determination of
      objective criteria for the application of FES in correcting urinary incontinence.
      Simultaneous urodynamic, neurophysiological, and radiological examinations
      employed during our studies enabled us to determine changes in these parameters
      due to FEX. Among a large number of patients with urinary incontinence (for
      example: paraplegics, patients with spina bifida, stress incontinence following
      prostate operations, or resistant enuresis) we have determined that FES is
      appropriate if applied to properly selected patients. FES is indicated on the
      basis of the following criteria: the degree of morphological lesion of the
      urinary tract, the peripheral denervation of the muscles of the pelvic floor, the
      condition of the spinal center for miction, and, above all the quality of
      response to FES. FES not only activates the closing muscles of the bladder, but
      also inhibits the reflex contractions of the detrusor. Here, it should be noted
      that FES is indicated for cases of reflex incontinence. During FES of the pelvic
      floor muscles intravesical pressure normally diminishes and the reflex
      contractions of the detrusor subside. Sometimes, however, the reflex of miction
      occurs. In such a case, two reflex mechanisms are engaged. Their equilibrium,
      i.e. controlled miction, can be achieved with an afferent in flow which inhibits
      the reflex of miction. The use of FES for the correction of urinary incontinence
      can be a very good method if the FES parameters are individually chosen and
      patients properly selected.

PMID- 1083576
TI  - A critical look at incontinence radio-implants.
AB  - Indwelling electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor by a radio-implant benefits
      some cases of problem or recurrent urinary incontinence. It is not possible to
      predict success or failure with a given patient. The only worthwhile criterion
      for selection is the presence of contraction of pelvic floor musculature in
      response to voluntary effort or trial electrical stimulation. The results are not
      simply explained by postulating electrically induced closure of the urethra.
      There may be conscious enhancement of the urinary sphincter mechanism. Re
      education of voluntary sphincter muscles by electrophysiotherapy may occur.
      Reflex inhibition of the detrusor may occur. The surgery involved in inserting an
      implant restores continence in some patients.

PMID- 1083577
TI  - Maximum perineal stimulation for urinary incontinence.
AB  - Maximum stimulation of the pelvic floor has been advocated for the treatment of
      urinary incontinence associated with defective urethral closure mechanisms.
      Information in the literature was imprecise as to what constitutes a maximum
      stimulation. With one exception, published results are not encouraging when
      analysed. None of our 19 patients showed improvement. One had enhanced
      contraction when using an anal plug electrode following maximum stimulation, and
      this effect may warrant further study.

PMID- 1083578
TI  - Electrical stimulation for incontinence. Technique, selection, and results.
AB  - Incontinence due to hyperreflexic bladder and/or pelvic floor weakness can be
      corrected by chronic functional electrical stimulation (FES). Cystometry,
      electromyography of pelvic floor muscles, and anal sphincter pressure
      measurements with and without electrical stimulation determines if chronic FES
      will be successful. Post-acute stimulation improvement occurred in patients with
      incontinence due to hyperreflexic bladder and/or pelvic floor weakness. A success
      rate of 92 per cent was achieved with chronic FES in incontinent patients with
      this method of selection.

PMID- 1083579
TI  - Suppressor T cells in the pathogenesis of hypogammaglobulinemia associated with a
      thymoma.
AB  - The nature of the immunological defect in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia
      associated with a thymoma was investigated using a technique established to study
      the differentiation of lymphocytes into immunoglobulin synthesizing and secreting
      cells. Exhaustively washed peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured for 7 days
      in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with fetal calf serum in the presence of the
      lectin, pokeweed mitogen. The IgG, IgA, and IgM synthesized and secreted into the
      medium were measured by competitive double antibody radio-immunoassays. Twenty
      two normal individuals synthesized 1625 ng of IgG, 1270 ng of IgA, and 4910 ng of
      IgM per 2 million lymphocytes in culture. In contrast, the three patients with
      hypogammaglobulinemia and a thymoma synthesized less than 100 ng of each class of
      immunoglobulin. When lymphocytes from 2 of the 3 patients studied were cocultured
      with normal lymphocytes and pokeweed mitogen, the synthesis of immunoglobulin by
      normal lymphocytes was depressed by a factor of 66 to 97%. Co-cultue of purified
      T cells from the hypogammaglobulinemic patients with normal lymphocytes resulted
      in an 87% suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis by the normal cells. However,
      no suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis was observed when preparations of B
      cells and macrophages depleted of T cells from the hypogammaglobulinemic patients
      were co-cultured with normal lymphocytes. In addition, in control studies no such
      suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis was seen when normal cells were co
      cultured with lymphocytes from unrelated normals, patients with isolated IgA
      deficiency, patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or patients with the
      Sezary syndrome, a T cell leukemia nor were they inhibited when incubated with T
      cells from unrelated normals. These observations suggest that in some patients
      the hypogammaglobulinemia associated with a thymoma may be caused or perpetuated
      by an abnormality of regulatory T cells which suppress the maturation of
      lymphocytes into antibody producing cells.

PMID- 1083580
TI  - [State of the organ of vision in adolescents undergoing long-term treatment with
      HINA preparations].

PMID- 1083581
TI  - [Esophageal-gastric hemorrhage in patients with portal hypertension treated by
      splenectomy].
AB  - The authors report their observations over 336 patients previously subjected to
      splenectomy for the portal hypertension syndrome. Prior to surgery 66.4% of
      patients showed esophageal varices, 43.7% - bleeding. After the operation venous
      varices were noted in 48.2% of patients, bleeding - in 34% of all patients. The
      causes of hemorrhage occurred in later terms after splenectomy are analysed. A
      conclusion is made concerning the way how to minimize a probability of hemorrhage
      recurrence following splenectomy.

PMID- 1083582
TI  - [Complications in the use of proteinase inhibitors].
AB  - It is well known that the use of proteolysis inhibitors of animal origin can
      result in complications of an allergic character up to anaphylactic shock. More
      frequently such complications according to the authors' data occurred in
      intraarticular or paraarticular injection of drugs in patients suffering non
      specific infectious arthritis. Some useful recommendations are given.

PMID- 1083583
TI  - The density of human rhodopsin in the rods.

PMID- 1083584
TI  - Psychophysical correlates of photoreceptor activity.

PMID- 1083585
TI  - The action of color in a heterochromatic flickerphotometric luminosity match.

PMID- 1083586
TI  - Properties of isolated frog retinae in reflecting non-polarized and polarized
      light.

PMID- 1083587
TI  - Comparability of mortality statistics for the seventh and eighth revisions of the
      international classification of diseases, United States.

PMID- 1083588
TI  - [Incomplete duodenal obstruction in hemorrhagic conditions].

PMID- 1083589
TI  - [Indices of cellular and humoral immunity following surgery intervention for
      malignant bone tumors].
AB  - The immunity indices were studied in 35 patients, operated upon for various types
      of osteosarcomas, as well as the nonspecific reactivity of T-and B-lymphocytes
      and the specific immune response of lymphocytes. The system of peripheral T
      lymphocytes in these patients is being inhibited with the primary tumor
      progression and an unfavourable postoperative course. In a continuous (from 1 to
      15 years) favourable course of the disease postoperatively a persistent
      restoration of T-lymphocytes reactivity was noted. The specific antitumor
      immunity was found at every stage of the disease, but its suppression with serum
      (a blocking effect) seemed to be an unfavourable factor from the prognostic point
      of view, it was more frequently observed in patients with a progressive tumor
      growth. The operation proper after a provisional nonspecific suppression resulted
      in enhancement of the immune reactivity.

PMID- 1083590
TI  - [Certain achievements of Soviet rheumatology].

PMID- 1083591
TI  - [Fulfillments of the problem-related plan concerning "Rheumatism and joint
      diseases" in 1974].

PMID- 1083592
TI  - [Kartagener triad in adults].

PMID- 1083593
TI  - [Serological association between Australia antigen and antiglobulin antibodies].

PMID- 1083594
TI  - Angina heralding valvular or congenital heart disease or non-cardiac vascular
      disease.

PMID- 1083595
TI  - [Cardiological emergencies in old age].

PMID- 1083596
TI  - [Necrotizing pancreatitis with profuse gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083597
TI  - [Revascularization of the ischemic heart muscle in disseminated coronary
      sclerosis].
AB  - The author presents his own experience in bypass operations performed on 123
      patients suffering from ischaemic heart disease. The paper covers the period from
      October 1969 to April 1974. The total mortality in this group of 123 patients was
      7%. Post-operative myocardial infarction took place in 11% of the cases. The
      control examination made 6 months after operation showed the patency of bypass in
      75% of patients. Proliferative changes were found in 10% of the cases with venous
      bypass. Arterialisation of the cardiac veins was performed on 21 patients because
      of disseminated occlusion disease of the coronary arteries. Early results are
      very encouraging. However, a longer observation period is needed.

PMID- 1083598
TI  - [Permeation-increasing activity of puncture-fluids: 2. Chromatographic and
      immunoelectrophoretic studies].
AB  - A human pleural effusion was separated by gel chromatography, DEAE
      chromatography, disk-electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis. The fractions
      obtained were tested for the permeation-increasing activity. IgA, IgM, IgG,
      transferrin and haptoglobin are not responsible for a permeation-increasing
      effect. Albumin, alpha1-antitrypsin, acid alpha1-glycoprotein and alpha2
      macroglobulin appear only in permeation-active fractions. Of these proteins,
      however, no direct effect on the permeability of animal membranes is known. It is
      discussed, whether proteolytic enzymes, which may be bound to these proteins are
      responsible for the increase of permeation.

PMID- 1083599
TI  - [Experiences and results in the surgical management of bleeding esophageal
      varices using fundectomy].
AB  - 1966, 1967, and 1971 we published the good results with the
      "Transsectionsligature" of bleeding esophageal varices. The bleeding segment is
      nearly in all cases the angiomusculare strech closure segment in the terminal
      portion. In the last 27 patients we used the fundektomie of the stomach together
      with a splenektomie to stop the bleeding. Fundektomie abolished ulcusdisposition
      and splenektomie diminished the development of anaemia. Encephalopathy does not
      occur after these operations. All patients with a healthy liver remained alive.
      Cirrhotic patients come to death through their poor liver function. The selection
      of patients is the remaining problem.

PMID- 1083600
TI  - [Ectopic pregnancy near term (case-report) (author's transl)].
AB  - Description of a case of ectopic pregnancy during the last 3 months with a
      living, malformed and underdeveloped neonate. Possible treatment is discussed:
      where as in our case there is a secondary ectopic pregnancy (i.e.a pregnancy
      started primarily in the tube and still in vascular contact with it but
      secondarily ectopic) removal of placenta following ligation of the main vessels
      arising from the tube is possible and recommended. In the much rarer primary
      ectopic pregnancy with primary nidus in the abdomen, removal of the placenta is
      dangerous and not advised because of the danger of diffuse hemorrhage.

PMID- 1083601
TI  - [Testing the efficiency of ointments containing flufenamic acid in rheumatic
      diseases in a controlled trial].

PMID- 1083602
TI  - [Experience with arthro-Menthoneurin gel in general practice].

PMID- 1083603
TI  - [Field study on the measurement of conductivity values in electroacupuncture.
      Precision and the relation to other values].

PMID- 1083604
TI  - [The so-called drug test in electroacupuncture].

PMID- 1083605
TI  - [Stem-cells and T- and B-lymphocytes in tumor growth].

PMID- 1083606
TI  - [Arterial oscillography in the clinical evaluation of vestibular disorders in
      chronic encephalitis and cerebral arachnoiditis].

PMID- 1083607
TI  - [Influence of stimulation of the vestibular apparatus on the visual function
      (length of the false deformation of objects following stimulation of the
      vestibular apparatus)].

PMID- 1083608
TI  - [EA rosettes in patients with progressive chronic polyarthritis].
AB  - One subpopulation of human lymphocytes contains Fc-receptors that form rosettes
      with antibody (IgG) coated human erythrocytes (EA-rosettes). On the average 8.9%
      of the lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) form EA-rosettes
      compared with 5.3% in controls. When the lymphocytes were washed three times the
      EA-rosettes increased to 21.2% for RA patients and 9.5% for controls. This
      procedure thus reveals more Fc-receptors on the lymphocytes from RA patients than
      on those from healthy controls. The number of T-lymphocytes was normal in RA
      patients and controls, no matter how many times the lymphocytes were washed.

PMID- 1083609
TI  - [Certain problems of tuberculosis control in the Far North region].

PMID- 1083610
TI  - [Characteristics of hemostasis and certain problems of antienzyme therapy in
      anaphylactic shock].

PMID- 1083611
TI  - Acute radiological investigation of oesophagus and stomach in the event of
      massive upper gastro-intestinal tract bleeding.
AB  - Acute radiological investigation of the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum is a
      routine in patients admitted to the first surgical department of
      Kommunehospitalet, Copenhagen, with upper gastro-intestinal tract hemorrhage. In
      the period 1969-1972, 294 patients were admitted with hematemesis and/or melena.
      The acute radiological study was undertaken in 190 of these patients (65%).
      Whenever possible, confirmation of the acute primary radiological diagnosis was
      sought at acute operation, subsequent elective operation, by repeated
      radiological study, by gastroscopy, or at post mortem. 19 acute investigations
      were inadequate, and in a further 20 patients no studies subsequent to the acute
      study were made. There remain 151 patients, and the primary diagnosis could be
      confirmed in 111 (74%). 45 patients underwent acute operation, and primary
      diagnosis was confirmed in 66%. The most frequent primary diagnosis was duodenal
      ulcer (78 of 151 patients), which was verified in 63 instances (81%). In 8% of
      these patients subsequent definitive diagnosis of gastric ulcer was made, and in
      11% no cause of bleeding could be demonstrated. Primary diagnosis of gastric
      ulcer in 28 patients could be confirmed in 85%. Primary diagnosis of oesophageal
      varices was made in 9 patients and confirmed in 7 (78%). One patient had a
      carcinoma of the stomach, and this was also the acute radiological diagnosis. In
      one patient primary diagnosis of oesophageal ulcer was made, but this could not
      be confirmed. In 34 patients the acute study failed to point the cause of
      bleeding, and in 50% of these patients subsequent examination was also non
      productive. 26% subsequently evidenced duodenal ulcer; 11% gastric ulcer; 6%
      carcinoma of the stomach; 3% oesophageal varices; and 3%--one patient--a bleeding
      vessel in the fundus of the stomach. The acute radiological study was
      complication free. The place of the study in acute diagnosis of the patient with
      upper gastro-intestinal tract bleeding is discussed.

PMID- 1083612
TI  - [Platelet function tests in von Willebrand's syndrome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083613
TI  - [A case of successfully removed and grafted abdominal aneurysm complicated with
      von Willebrand's disease--Coagulation studies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083614
TI  - ["Side effects" in cortisone therapy].
AB  - Glucocorticosteroids are comprehensively acting agents and their therapeutically
      used derivatives - the cortisonoids - accordingly also have unwanted effects. In
      addition every pharmacodynamically active medication of these drugs in due time,
      induces adrenal atrophy and leads to the patient's dependence upon an adequate
      exogenous supply. This condition is then called "cortisonism". Such a development
      represents one of the most important risks of cortisone therapy in rheumatic
      disorders.

PMID- 1083615
TI  - [Autoimmune phenomena in D-penicillamine therapy].
AB  - In two patients with rheumatoid arthritis, immunoglobuline deposits in the skin
      were detected during D-penicillamine treatment. One patient presented with drug
      induced exanthema, the other with pemphigus erythematosus which was confirmed by
      clinical, histological, and immunofluorescent findings. During the development of
      the specific side-effect in one patient, an increase of ANA-titre and antibody
      binding-capacity versus denaturated DNA was observed. Therefore in a prospective
      study of another ten patients during four months after onset of treatment with D
      penicillamine, antinuclear antibodies and antibody-binding-capacity versus native
      and denaturated DNA were examined. The latter group of patients - without skin
      lesions - did not show any changes in the above mentioned parameters.

PMID- 1083616
TI  - Nerve excitation generated by the action potential of muscle.
AB  - The effect of the electrical activity of muscle on the nerve in contact with it
      was investigated. The results obtained on isolated nerve-muscle preparations and
      on whole leg preparations of frog revealed that, under certain conditions, the
      action potential of the muscle is capable of producing excitation of the nerve
      adjacent to the muscle. These results suggest the hypothesis that the muscle
      activity could have an additional function in the excitatory processes by means
      of the electrical effect exerted on the nerve.

PMID- 1083617
TI  - The significance of a crossed extensor hallucis response in neurologic disorders:
      a comparison with the Babinski sign.
AB  - The significance of a crossed extensor hallucis response on active flexion of the
      hip was analysed in various neurological disorders. It is concluded that this
      sign, not formerly described, is a pathological reflex or synkinesia. In the
      cooperative patient the crossed extensor response is a more sensitive indicator
      of a minor disturbance within the cortico-spinal motor pathways than the Babinski
      sign. With lesions above the foramen magnum a crossed extensor hallucis response
      is observed more frequently than the Babinski sign.

PMID- 1083618
TI  - Plantar response during infancy.
AB  - Cross-sectional as well as longitudinal studies on full-term urban and rural
      infants demonstrated that the initial extensor plantar response present in the
      first half of the infancy changed to a flexor plantar response in the later half.
      The urban infants receiving nutritional supplements showed an advance of 4 weeks
      over the rural infants. This process of change-over of plantar response was
      delayed in pre-term infants. However, two pairs of twins showed plantar response
      almost identical to full-term urban infants.

PMID- 1083619
TI  - Central cloudy corneal dystrophy of Francois.
AB  - A family is reported with central cloudy dystrophy of the cornea, as described by
      Francois in 1956. The lesion consists of a grey zone deep in the stroma, made up
      of polygonal or rounded areas with indistinct margins, separated by apparently
      clear, normal stroma. No deposits are visible in the slit lamp. The anterior and
      posterior boundary layers appear normal. The corneal thickness is normal. Open
      angle glaucoma was present in the family. The pathogenesis of the dystrophy is
      unknown, and histopathological examination has not been described. The
      differential diagnosis is briefly discussed. The family tree is suggestive of a
      dominant mode of transmission.

PMID- 1083620
TI  - An unusual case of histiocytosis X in the spine.
AB  - A case of spontaneously healing histiocytosis X followed over 9 years is
      presented. The lesion was located in the cervical and dorsal spine and had
      unusual radiological features such as soft tissue swelling, involvement of the
      pedicles and recovery with fusion between adjacent vertebra.

PMID- 1083621
TI  - [A biochemical and cytological explanation of cochlear otospongiosis].
AB  - In a study of 250 otosclerotic perilymphatic fluids, it was found statistically
      that in the presence of developing inner ear deafness, 90% of cases will
      demonstrate increased trypsin activity. Conversely, elevated antitrypsin levels
      are found in the absence of developing inner ear deafness.

PMID- 1083622
TI  - Angular velocity of the slow phase in experimental and clinical lesions of the
      vestibular apparatus.
AB  - The authors present the results of their experimental and clinical observations
      on the occurrence of regularity in the course of angular velocity of the slow
      phase of nystagmus. They have found that the regularity is rather distinctly
      pronounced in peripheral lesions of the vestibular apparatus. This observation
      may be complementary to the interpretation of electronystagmographic recordings.

PMID- 1083623
TI  - Surface structures influencing the migration in vivo ecotaxis of murine
      thymocytes, T- and B-cells.
AB  - The effect of protease and neuraminidase treatment on the ecotaxis of
      radioactively labelled thymocytes, T- and B-cells was studied by scintillation
      counting and autoradiography. Each enzyme had a similar effect on all cell types.
      Both protease and neuraminidase treatment strongly reduced the migration to the
      lymph nodes while the distribution to the spleen was more profoundly reduced by
      neuraminidase than by protease. In contrast, a similar and less pronounced effect
      of the enzymatic treatments on the circulation to the Peyers patches was found.
      The possible structure of the surface "receptors" involved is discussed in view
      of the known effects of these enzymes on the cell membranes.

PMID- 1083624
TI  - Transfer factor, sarcoidosis and cellular immunity.
AB  - A 27-year-old man with disseminated sarcoidosis was treated with repeated
      injections of Transfer Factor. Grossly abnormal immunological in vitro parameters
      were normalized, but in spite of these changes the clinical condition
      deteriorated.

PMID- 1083625
TI  - Posterior fossa meningiomas. A report of 30 cases.
AB  - The clinical symptoms of thirty patients with surgically treated posterior fossa
      meningiomas were reviewed. These included 16 cerebellopontine (CPA), 7
      cerebellar, 4 carrefour-falco-tentorial (CFT), 2 foramen magnum, and 1 clivus
      meningiomas. Careful attention to clinical findings is necessary in diagnosing
      these tumors. With rare exception they have an insidious onset and even after
      having reached considerable size, the ensuing neurological abnormalities might
      not be revealing. On occasion there are false localizing neurological findings.
      Neuroradiological localization is essential to obtain accurate diagnosis and to
      plan the best operative approach. Radioactive brain scanning offers the best
      screening method. Although air studies remain useful, angiography of vessels of
      the posterior foss is assuming a dominant role in diagnosis and surgical
      planning.

PMID- 1083626
TI  - Patterned antigen-binding cells of multiple specificity.

PMID- 1083627
TI  - Nonspecific esterase activity in T cells.
AB  - Acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity characterizes the majority of
      peripheral T cells in mice. In addition to the simplicity of the cyto- or
      histochemical demonstration of esterase activity and the fact that this method
      may be applied to tissue sections and smears, the present study indicates that
      combination with lymphocyte surface markers may offer an important approach to
      the examination of differentiation pathways of peripheral T cells.

PMID- 1083628
TI  - Thymocyte maturation in AKR leukemia.

PMID- 1083629
TI  - Microenvironment to a lymphoid cell is nothing more than interaction with its
      neighbours.

PMID- 1083630
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of B- and T-cells in peripheral lymphoid organs of
      the mouse.

PMID- 1083631
TI  - The role of the afferent lymph in the induction of contact sensitivity.

PMID- 1083632
TI  - The recovery of the B cell compartment in lethally irradiated and reconstituted
      mice.

PMID- 1083633
TI  - Lymphoid tissue architecture. III. Germinal centers, T cells, and thymus
      dependent vs thymus-independent antigens.

PMID- 1083634
TI  - Cell interactions in immune responses: role of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083635
TI  - Contribution of the bursa of Fabricius to the maturation of the B cell system in
      chickens.

PMID- 1083636
TI  - Induction of hapten recognizing helper function by heavily trinitrophenylated
      sheep erythrocytes.

PMID- 1083637
TI  - In vitro proliferative reactions by lymphocytes from both responder and "low"
      responder mice to (T,G)-A--L.
AB  - In summary (T,G)-A--L can induce specific in vitro lymphoproliferative reactions
      in LNC from immunized mice. From 3-8 weeks after immunization lymphocytes from
      responder mice react to a much greater degree than from low responders. These
      proliferative reactions are not specifically enhanced by supernatants of
      "educated" T cells. However, 2 to 3 months after immunization the
      lymphoproliferative response of the low responders rises to the same level as
      that of responder mice.

PMID- 1083638
TI  - T-cell dependency of the response to PVP is dependent on maturity of B-cells.

PMID- 1083639
TI  - Differentiation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes enhanced by T cell factors produced
      during mixed lymphocyte interactions.

PMID- 1083640
TI  - Differentiation and Ontogeny of Lymphoid Cells.

PMID- 1083641
TI  - Effector cell requirements for antibody-dependent and mitogen-induced
      cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1083642
TI  - Bursa of Fabricus: uptake of radioactive particles and radiotoxic "sealing" of
      bursal follicles.
AB  - Making use of the fact that the avian bursa is uniquely equiped for uptake,
      degradation and storage of particulate matter from the cloacal lumen, we
      administered 239Pu(IV) perorally or via the cloaca to cause radiotoxic damage to
      the bursal tissue.  This resulted in a involution of the follicles, reduction of
      the lymphocyte mass, predominance of smaller lymphoid cells in the medulla as
      compared to controls, disappearance of tuft epithelia, formation of a sub
      epithelial fibrous layer in many follicles and impairment or an almost complete
      loss of the capacity of the bursa to take up particulate matter. Concomitant with
      these changes was a reduction in the concentration of serum IgG. These findings
      are discussed in relation to the immunologic contact role of the bursa.

PMID- 1083643
TI  - A study on the immunological function of Fc receptor-bearing cells among
      activated thymocytes.

PMID- 1083644
TI  - Virus-immune cytotoxic T cells are sentized to by virus specifically altered
      structures coded for in H-2K or H-2D: a biological role for major
      histocompatibility antigens.

PMID- 1083645
TI  - Characterization and specificity of a T-cell cooperative factor.

PMID- 1083646
TI  - Rat anti-lymphocyte alloantibodies block con A-stimulation of T lymphocytes:
      inhibition of a polyclonally specific T cell reaction.

PMID- 1083647
TI  - The need for transcription and translation for differentiation of bone marrow
      cells by thymic factors in man.
AB  - 1. Two small populations of human marrow cells are differentiated to cells
      bearing T-cell markers by Thymosin F3 or F5. 2. Analysis with metabolic
      inhibitors indicates that transcription and translation of RNA are needed for
      induction of T cell markers (layer III). 3. a) At 4 hours incubation RNA
      synthesis is enhanced in layers III, IV and V and inhibited in layers I + II. b)
      At 20 hours incubation RNA synthesis is markedly enhanced in all cell layers. 4.
      a) At 5 hours incubation protein synthesis is suppressed in layers I + II and
      III, but not in IV and V. b) At 20 hours incubation protein synthesis is markedly
      increased only in layer III.

PMID- 1083648
TI  - Tumour resistance of tetraparental AKR-CBA chimaeras.

PMID- 1083649
TI  - A new T cell neoplasm expressing surface anti-DNP activity, developed from the
      thymus of mice bearing MOPC-315 plasma cell tumors.

PMID- 1083650
TI  - Lymphocyte-target cell conjugation: membrane receptors for alloantigens.

PMID- 1083651
TI  - T helpers may be sensitized by antigen-specifically altered structures, which are
      coded by the I region of the H-2 gene complex.

PMID- 1083652
TI  - Overcoming Ir gene control of the response to the lysozymes.

PMID- 1083653
TI  - Antigen specific T cell factors in the genetic control of the immune response to
      poly(tyr,glu)poly(pro)--poly(lys).

PMID- 1083654
TI  - Studies on suppressor T cells in tolerance.
AB  - (1) Evidence is provided that tolerance induced in mice to HSA depends on a
      suppressive mechanism which inhibits the responsiveness of potentially competent
      cells. (2) the suppression is apparently the function of suppressor T cells which
      are comparatively radiosensitive and are resistant to cortisone. (3) The
      cortisone resistant suppressor cells are apparently the progeny of cortisone
      sensitive precursors, the differentiation of which into mature suppressors seems
      to be signalled by antigen. (4) The precursor lymphocytes are comparatively short
      functioning cells (about 14 days), while the mature suppressor T cells function
      for at least two months.

PMID- 1083655
TI  - Ontogeny of T lymphocytes studied in athymic and foetal mice.

PMID- 1083656
TI  - Depletion of suppressor T cells in syngeneic chimeric mice.
AB  - The present results suggest that some T-cell activities of syngeneic chimeric
      mice such as T-cells involved in the antibody response to SRBC and MLC reaction
      are intact. On the other hand, suppressor T-cells involved in the regulation of
      the immune response to PVP and enhancement of 3LL tumor growth, and cells
      mediating CML reaction are damaged.

PMID- 1083657
TI  - Regulatory cells in the bone marrow.

PMID- 1083658
TI  - Suppression by soluble factor released from B cells.

PMID- 1083659
TI  - Interference with antibody-feedback by irradiation, thymus cells, the allogeneic
      effect, and serum factors.
AB  - Low doses of irradiation, increased number of T cells, increased T cell activity
      as in the allogeneic effect, or early activation of an in vitro cell-mediated
      immune response all confer resistance to antibody feedback. In some of these
      systems, the resistance is directed against immunosuppression by intact IgG
      antibody whereas suppression by F(ab')2 antibody is either not changed or
      increased. These forms of interference with immunosuppression by antibody, are
      explained in terms of an Fc-dependent model for antibody-feedback regulation.

PMID- 1083660
TI  - Ontogeny of T cell function in the fetal lamb.

PMID- 1083661
TI  - Augmentation of cell mediated lysis (CML) by THF.
AB  - The in-vitro model of cell mediated lysis (CML) was used to study whether a
      thymic hormone (THF) participates in the processes which lead to generation of
      effector cells. It was found that THF increases the capacity of effector cells
      from spleens of intact mice in the CML assay. This effect of THF on generation of
      effector cells was manifested when THF was present during the mixed lymphocyte
      culture. On the other hand, addition of THF to the effector (CML) phase did not
      elevate the lytic capacity of killer cells. Moreover, THF compensated the
      impaired lytic capacity of effector cells from adult thymectomized mice and
      raised it to the level of intact mice. The results are compatible with the
      hypothesis that THF acts on the generation of CML effector cells of both intact
      and adult thymectomized mice.

PMID- 1083662
TI  - Concluding remarks to session eight: suppressor cells and enhancing antibodies:
      immune agents of the facilitation reaction.

PMID- 1083663
TI  - Lymphocyte surface-attached immunoglobulins in some clinical conditions.
AB  - The TEAG rosette test was not devised as an immediate diagnostic indicator, but
      in order to detect gross differences over a period of time between the
      lymphocytes of patients with conditions where immune complexes may be formed, and
      those of normal people. In summary these results indicate that:- 1. Percentage
      TEAG rosettes were highly significantly increased in patients with SLE, active
      chronic hepatitis and carcinoma of lung compared with normal controls, when the
      tests were performed on suspensions, containing over 90% lymphocytes, separated
      from peripheral blood. 2. Estimates of mean B lymphocytes plus blood monocytes in
      the separated suspensions, as measured by EAC rosettes (and peroxidase and
      differential counts for monocytes) are exceeded by TEAG-rosetting cells in the
      patients tested. 3. Tests on patients with chronic autoimmune conditions (e.g.
      ACH and SLE) do not show a highly significant difference from normal controls
      with respect to mean total cells forming E-rosettes. 4. It may be speculated that
      some TEAG rosettes are formed by T-cells which could have immune complexes or
      autologous anti-lymphocyte globulin on their surface and that such a condition
      may account for the depressed T-cell function found in these conditions.

PMID- 1083664
TI  - T and B blocking factors in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1083665
TI  - Involvement of cells with 'B' properties in development of T helpers.
AB  - Cells bearing Ig on the membrane, fractionated from either 17 day embryonic
      livers or from normal adult bone marrow, when transferred to splenectomized
      irradiated mice, lead to development of helper cells in the thymus of the
      recipients. The helper function was expressed when the recipients were stimulated
      with flagellin-MON and the thymus cells were cultured together with anti theta
      treated spleen cells and stimulated with DNP-MON. The response to DNP was not
      enhanced when the irradiated mice were inoculated with non Ig bearing cells.
      Helper activity was related to cells which were eliminated with anti theta
      antibodies and did not have detectable Ig. Hence, cells with 'B' properties may
      be involved in development of T helpers.

PMID- 1083666
TI  - The still unsolved germinal centre mystery (invited lecture).

PMID- 1083667
TI  - Myocardial imaging in the noninvasive evaluation of patients with suspected
      ischemic heart disease.
AB  - Three noninvasive radioactive tracer techniques for evaluating patients with
      ischemic heart disease are described: (1) myocaridal perfusion imaging, (2) acute
      infarct imaging, and (3) the gated blood pool scan. Myocardial perfusion imaging
      with tracers that distribute in the myocardium in relation to regional blood flow
      allows detection of patients with transmural and nontransmural infarction by the
      finding of decreased tracer concentration in the affected region of the
      myocardium. If these tracers are injected at the time of maximal stress to
      patients with significant coronary arterial stenosis but without infarction,
      areas of transient ischemia can be identified as zones of decreased tracer
      concentration not found when an examination is performed at rest. Acute infarct
      imaging with tracers that localize in acutely damaged tissue permits separation
      of patients with acute myocardial necrosis from those without infarction and
      those with more chronic damage. The gated blood pool scan permits assessment of
      left ventricular function and regional wall motion. The measurement of
      ventricular volumes, ejection fraction and regional wall motion adds
      significantly to the determination of hemodynamic variables in assessing patients
      with acute infarction. The technique also permits detection of right ventricular
      dysfunction. Performance of a combination of these radioactive tracer techniques
      is often advantageous, particularly in patients with suspected infarction. The
      techniques can establish whether infarction is present, whether it is acute,
      where the damage is located and how extensive it is; they can also provide a
      measure of the effect of this damage on left ventricular function.

PMID- 1083668
TI  - Effects of coronary artery bypass grafting on resting and exercise hemodynamics
      in patients with stable angina pectoris: a prospective, randomized study.
AB  - In this prospective randomized study, resting and exercise hemodynamics were
      determined in the nonmedicated state before ("entry") and 1 year after coronary
      bypass surgery in 38 patients, and at entry and 1 year in 40 patients treated
      medically. The surgical group showed a significant decrease in mean pulmonary
      arterial wedge pressure during exercise (entry 23.5 +/- 6.1 [standard error of
      the mean] mm Hg, 1 year 18.9 +/- 1.0, P less than 0.02); an increase in cardiac
      index during exercise (entry 4.3 +/- 0.1 liter/min per m2, 1 year 4.6 +/- 0.1, P
      less than 0.05); an increase in resting mean arterial pressure (entry 94.5 +/-
      2.2 mm Hg, 1 year 100.2 +/- 2.2, P less than 0.02); and an increase in resting
      heart rate (entry 68.5 +/- 1.9 beats/min, 1 year: 76.0 +/- 2.0, P less than
      0.01). Maximal treadmill exercise performance also improved significantly in the
      surgical group of patients (entry 285 +/- 24 seconds, 1 year 382 +/- 24, P less
      than 0.002). There were no significant changes in these variables in the
      medically treated "control" group. The improvement in pulmonary arterial wedge
      pressure during exercise and in maximal treadmill exercise time in the surgical
      group as a whole was due to striking improvement in these variables in a subgroup
      of 16 surgical patients who had a more than 10 mm Hg increase in pulmonary
      arterial wedge pressure during exercise in their entry study. In this subgoup,
      considered to contain those patients with marked "ischemicdysfunction," pulmonary
      arterial wedge pressure during exercise fell from 31.4 +/- 1.5 mm Hg (entry) to
      19.l +/- 1.8 (1 year) (P less than 0.0001) and treadmill time increased from 217
      +/- 24 seconds (entry) to 357 +/- 37 (1 year) (P less than 0.001). Thus,
      hemodynamic evidence of ischemic left ventricular dysfunction during stress may
      identify those patients who will show objective improvement in ventricular
      performance after bypass graft surgery.

PMID- 1083669
TI  - Coronary artery bypass surgery for left main coronary artery disease.
AB  - The course of 146 consecutive patients with significant occlusive disease of the
      left main coronary artery who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery during a 4
      year period is reviewed. Preoperatively, 11 patients were in New York Heart
      Association functional class II, 57 in class III and 78 in class IV. Seventy
      patients had progressive angina and 12 unstable angina. There were two operative
      deaths (surgical mortality rate 1.4 percent). Seven patients (4.8 percent) had a
      perioperative acute myocardial infarction. Complete follow-up has been achieved
      in the surgical survivors over an average period of 18.1 months; 77 percent of
      the surviving patients are completely asymptomatic and 19 percent are in
      functional class II. Four patients (2.8 percent) had a nonfatal late
      postoperative myocardial infarction and five (3.5 percent) died during the late
      postoperative period (3.3 percent annual mortality rate during a 2 to 47 month
      follow-up period). Postoperative cardiac catheterization studies performed in 35
      patients an average of 12.1 months postoperatively revealed 78 percent of 80
      grafts and patency of at least 1 graft in 93 percent of patients. Results of 42
      (89 percent) of 47 near maximal treadmill stress tests were abnormal
      preoperatively compared with results of 14 (26 percent) of 54 postoperatively; in
      74 percent of patients having both a preoperative and postoperative stress test,
      abnormal preoperative test results converted to normal after surgery. This study
      suggests that direct myocardial revascularization may offer an effective means of
      improving both the quality and duration of life in a patient with significant
      occlusive disease of the left main coronary artery.

PMID- 1083670
TI  - Architecture of the marrow vasculature in three amphibian species and its
      significance in hematopoietic development.
AB  - Architecture of the bone marrow vasculature, particularly that of the femur, was
      analyzed in three amphibian species in relation to the early phylogeny of marrow
      hematopoiesis. A dye-injection method and histological techniques, including both
      serial sectioning and reconstruction methods, were used for this purpose. From
      these observations the following conclusions may be drawn. (1) Marrow
      hematopoiesis is absent from the femur of the urodelan (Triturus pyrrhogaster)
      and appears first in the femur of the primitive anuran (Xenopus laevis) (2) The
      site of primitive hematopoiesis (granulopoiesis) is the subendosteal region where
      the venous vascular net develops. (3) The primitive vascular architecture
      observed in the femur of Xenopus is characterized by the absence of a central
      vein. Subendosteal veins drain the blood from the bone marrow. A vein collateral
      to the primary artery appears in the femur of Rana catesbeiana, an advanced
      anuran, in which further development of both the subendosteal venous plexus and
      hematopoietic activity are noted. In both anura examined, the primitive blood
      sinuses form near the mid-shaft of the femur. The proliferation of mesenchymal
      elements containing dark pigment, presumably melanin, was also noted in this
      area. (4) The architecture of marrow vessels in Rana approaches the structure
      noted in mammalian bone marrow. (5) Fat tissue is observed in the urodelan bone
      marrow prior to the appearance of hematopoietic activity. This indicates that the
      formation of marrow fat is phylogenetically unrelated to the development of
      hematopoiesis. The present investigation on primitive hematopoiesis suggests that
      the development of hematopoietic activity is intimately related to the
      development of the marrow vasculature, particularly that of the subendosteal
      venous plexus. A favorable vascular arrangement may be necessary to allow active
      hematopoiesis.

PMID- 1083671
TI  - Chest wall stimulation for temporary suppression of competitive rhythms due to
      permanent pacemaker malfunction.
AB  - Chest wall stimulation by electrical stimuli was employed to suppress permanent
      demand (ventricular-inhibited) pacemakers in two patients with competitive
      ventricular rhythms. The stimuli were nor perceived by either patient, and were
      continued until surgical intervention was effected. In selected patients with
      permanent pacemaker malfunction, chest wall stimulation may be appropriate and
      necessary initial therapy until definitive correction is performed.

PMID- 1083672
TI  - A comparative study of intra-amniotic saline and two prostaglandin F2alpha dose
      schedules for midtrimester abortion.
AB  - The efficacy, side effects, and complications of two intra-amniotic PGF2alpha
      dose schedules and the unaugmented intra-amniotic instillation of saline are
      compared. All three methods resulted in satisfactory rates of abortion within a
      relatively short period of time and within clinically acceptable rates of
      complications. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. Further large
      comparative studies were needed.

PMID- 1083673
TI  - Retinitis pigmentosa without pigment.
AB  - Sixty-eight consecutive patients with retinitis pigmentosa were studied to
      determine the frequency of the nonpigmented form of the disease. There was an
      overall incidence of 22%. Fifty percent of all cases had no characteristic
      pigmentation, if the duration of night vision difficulty was three years or less.
      The nonpigmented form of retinitis pigmentosa was frequently an early stage of
      the disease and not an unusual or atypical variant. Patients without the
      pigmentary changes characteristic of the disorder also showed less functional
      impairment: the electroretinographic b wave was more apt to be recordable,
      although impaired, and the rod threshold, as determined by dark adaptation
      measurement, was less elevated. The clinician should suspect retinitis
      pigmentosa, even in the absence of pigmentary changes, if there is a family
      history of the disorder, night blindness, peripheral field loss, and an impaired
      or nonrecordable electroretinographic response.

PMID- 1083674
TI  - Endophthalmitis after vitrectomy.
AB  - A 29-year-old white man with growth-onset diabetes developed fulminant
      endophthalmitis after vitreous lavage. The only significant symptom was severe
      pain 36 hours after surgery. The endophthalmitis rapidly became more severe.
      Despite systemic antibiotics, therapeutic vitrectomy and lensectomy, followed by
      the intraocular injection of antibiotics 48 hours postoperatively, the eye was
      lost.

PMID- 1083675
TI  - A characterization of human tonsillar lymphocytes after separation from other
      tonsillar cells in an isokinetic gradient of ficoll in tissue culture medium.
AB  - Purified human tonsillar lymphocytes responded less to mitogentic stimulation
      than did unseparated tonsillar cells. Their response to mitogens was restored
      when they were combined with cells from all other gradient fractions. We
      interpret our data as evidence that the majority of tonsillar lymphocytes require
      the presence of more rapidly sedimenting cells for a maximum response to the
      tested mitogens. The purified tonsillar lymphoyctes were 47.0% lymphocytes that
      have detectable surface immunoglobulin and 29.9% lumphocytes that form rosettes
      with sheep red blood cells. The predominant cell surface immunoglobulin was IgM.
      Digestion of the tonsil with trypsin yielded tenfold more plasma cells, more
      vialbe cells, and a larger proportion of blasts, histiocytes, and binucleated
      cells than were obtained by mechanical dissociation of the tissue.

PMID- 1083676
TI  - Interactions of diphenylhydantoin and cardiac glycosides on atrial potassium.
AB  - Effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) on amphibian atrial myocardium K were
      investigated using a method which permits both total tissue K and tension
      response to be monitored continuously. In normal (nondigitalized) preparations,
      DPH caused a decrease in average K efflux, a net gain of tissue K, and
      negativeinotropy at low perfusate K concentrations. However, the DPH-induced gain
      of tissue K was abolished at high perfusate K concentrations while marked
      negative inotropy was still observed. It is concluded that a gain of tissue K is
      not the cause of DPH-induced negative inotropy. When digitalis-induced inotropy
      was associated with tissue K loss, DPH reversed tissue K loss and positive
      inotropy and caused a decrease in average K efflux. In the presence of toxic
      effects of digitalis, DPH reversed the K loss and the contracture, but the loss
      of developed tension was not reversed by DPH. Transmembrane resting potentials
      and action potential duration were reduced by digitalis and were returned to or
      above control levels in the presence of DPH. The present findings are consistent
      with the hypothesis that the therapeutic effect of DPH in digitalis toxicity is
      brought about by an inhibition of K efflux. This would tend to minimize the loss
      of tissue K which results from sodium pump inhibition.

PMID- 1083677
TI  - Efficacy of selective splanchnic arteriography and vasopressin perfusion in
      diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
AB  - Vasopressin infusion initially controlled 80 per cent of patients bleeding from
      portal hypertension, and 53 per cent did not rebleed after removal of the
      catheter. This figure is significantly greater than the 28 per cent of patients
      totally controlled by esophageal tamponade (p less than 0.075). Similar rates of
      success were achieved by vasopressin infusion for gastric, duodenal, and colonic
      bleeding sites. These results suggest that visceral arterial infusion of
      vasopressin is the method of choice for the short-term therapeutic management of
      massive gastrointestinal bleeding from portal hypertension. Vasopressin infusion
      also appears to be a valuable means of treating patients with massive
      gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to shallow gastric ulcers, gastritis, Mallory
      Weiss tears, colonic bleeding and "poor risk" patients with deep gastric,
      marginal, or duodenal ulcers when conventional medical therapy has failed. The
      presence of a coagulation abnormality in patients with portal hypertension
      significantly reduced the complete control of bleeding to only 27 per cent ( p
      less than 0.010) and survival rate to 14 per cent (p less than 0.050). Visceral
      arterial perfusion proved to be an effective means of arresting hemorrhage, but
      the overall improvement in hospital mortality in this group of poor risk patients
      remains unproved.

PMID- 1083678
TI  - [Treatment of emesis and hyperemesis gravidarum by electroencephalostimulation
      (EES)].

PMID- 1083679
TI  - The central vascular pattern of the eyeground in children with drusen of the
      optic disk.
AB  - In a series of 50 children with optic disk drusen the anomaly was found to be
      associated with unusual properties. A cilioretinal artery was more frequent in
      the series with drusen than in a control series of the same age. The emergence
      and course of the central retinal vessels were studied in the right-sided fundi
      of 46 of the children and in two control series (the fundi of the "better" eyes
      of 46 strabismic children and the fundi of one of the eyes of 10 children or
      young adults with papilledema). Analysis of the measurements indicated that early
      branching of the central vessels and vascular tortuosity are so frequently
      associated with optic disk drusen that they can be considered features of the
      anomaly. On the other hand, the fundal vascular features in papilledema seem to
      be distinguishable by the method used from those associated with optic disk
      drusen. When the peripapillary choroidal vascular pattern was studied by
      fluorescein angiography, choriocapillaris filling was delayed in about the half
      of the angiograms. The aberrant vascular features found on and around optic disks
      with drusen can be explained by an embryonic affection of the developing vascular
      system at the optic nerve head. In this respect the anomaly seems to resemble
      congenital disorders of mesodermal origin.

PMID- 1083680
TI  - [The disjunction zone in the slit-image-photograph of the human aging lens
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Standardised slit-image-photographs of 178 clear lenses were evaluated by
      microdensitometry. The mean distance of the disjunction zone from the anterior
      capsule and the density of the disjunction zone remain constant during life. Its
      thickness will be reduced and its extension into deeper layers increases with
      age. In contrast to these findings the thickness of the whole lens according to
      the increasing thickness of the cortex increases with age. Its density increases
      too in a not linear manner probably on behalf of the increasing number of
      reflecting zones (Alterskernstreifen). The density of the nucleus of the lens
      increases with age, whereas its densitometrically defined thickness remains
      constant during life. The disjunction zone behaves independently from age in
      contrast to other parts of the lens.

PMID- 1083681
TI  - [The disjunction zone in the slit-image-photograph of the human lens in eye
      diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - Standardised slit-image-photographs of the clear human lens in 78 eyes with wide
      angle glaucoma, 29 eyes with uveitis and 35 eyes after an operation of a retinal
      detachment were evaluated by microdensitometry and compared with clear lenses of
      178 eyes without eye diseases. Most significant alterations were observed in the
      anterior disjunction zone. Its thickness was increased in all these diseases with
      the exception of the glaucoma eyes treated with derivates of phenylephrine and/or
      cholinesteraseinhibitors. Under these conditions the disjunction zone
      disappeared. The alterations of the lens cortex and of the nucleus of the lens
      with respect to the thickness and its density were mostly accelerations of the
      normal aging process and only glaucoma eyes were partly in contrast to this
      process. Thickening of the anterior disjunction zone may be combined with a
      thickening of the whole lens and vice versa.

PMID- 1083682
TI  - Treatment of Coats' disease with photocoagulation.
AB  - 71 eyes with Coats' disease were treated with photocoagulation. By coagulation of
      the abnormal vessels the disease process could be halted in 64 eyes over a mean
      observation time of 2 years and 3 months after completion of treatment. In 51 of
      these eyes the lipoid deposits regressed. In only 7 eyes a progression of the
      disease could not be prevented. Complications of photocoagulation treatment were
      not observed.

PMID- 1083683
TI  - [Experimental fluorescein angiographic and microscopic investigations on laser
      treated rat eyes (author's transl)].
AB  - On fundi of pigmented rats, with Argon laser constantly 300 mW of power. 2
      seconds exposure time and 50 microns spot diameter, coagulations have been
      performed. The eyes have been observed up till 3 months after the intervention,
      then angiographies were performed, and the following enucleated eyes have been
      examined with the fluorescence microscope. Neovascularizations and dye diffusions
      were observable mainly in the marginal zones of the arised cicatrices. The
      neovascularizations were starting from the choroid and penetrating into the outer
      retinal layers.

PMID- 1083684
TI  - [Demonstration of aqueous outflow patterns of normal and glaucomatous human eyes
      through the injection of fluorescein solution in the anterior chamber (author's
      transl)].
AB  - After partially injecting the anterior chamber with a 0.2% fluorescein-Ringer
      solution we examined using a blue filter slitlamp normal eyes, eyes with open
      angle glaucoma, and eyes following iridectomy, iridencleisis, Elliot's
      trephination, and trabeculectomy. In normal eyes at physiological intraocular
      pressure, 1--9 aqueous veins were found with a mean of 4.6. The distribution of
      these veins was usually irregular, being more numerous and of largest caliber in
      the lower nasal quadrant. With only a few exceptions the aqueous veins originated
      1--2 1/2 mm peripheral from the limbus and joined the episcleral veins after a
      short course. The venae recipientes were characterized by a straight and deep
      course. In eyes with an open-angle glaucoma the average number of aqueous veins
      was found to be increased compared to the number found in healthy eyes. However,
      the caliber of these veins was smaller and distribution mor uniform. Eyes having
      undergone iridectomy do not differ from normal eyes in the mechanism of aqueous
      humor outflow. After iridencleisis and after trephination the transport of
      aqueous humor from the anterior chamber is achieved through a filtration bleb:
      (1) transconjunctival, (2) by bulk-flow through lymphatic vessels, (3) diffusely
      through lymphatic vessels or veins. In most cases the different transport
      mechanisms were combined and pure types were seldom found. There was a very
      definite relationship found between the size of the filtration bleb and the
      development of draining lymphatic vessels. After trabeculectomy the following
      drainage mechanisms of the aqueous humor were observed: 1. Subconjunctival
      outflow of aqueous humor. The further drainage in this case was achieved as in
      the old types of fistula building operations i.e., primarily through the
      lymphatic vessels. 2. Direct transport of aqueous humor into the surgical area
      through newly incorporated veins and lymphatic vessels. 3. Drainage of aqueous
      humor through still functioning aqueous veins.

PMID- 1083685
TI  - [The combination of micro-disk-electrophoresis and electroimmunodiffusion for
      investigation of aqueous humor proteins (author's transl)].
AB  - A combination of micro-disk-electrophoresis and electrophoresis into antibody
      containing agarose gel is described which permits both qualitative and
      quantitative analysis of human aqueous humor proteins. This technique is an
      enrichment of methods for investigation of aqueous humor.

PMID- 1083686
TI  - [Experimental siderosis bulbi: an echographic-histological study (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 20 eyes of 10 rabbits a siderosis was provoked by intravitreal injection of
      0,1 ml of a 1% watery solution of Mohr's salt. The course of the following
      vitreous retraction was observed during 4 weeks by means of ultrasonography, and
      each echogram was compared with the corresponding histological finding. The
      results of these investigations show that by means of ultrasonography vitreous
      destruction or liquefaction can be ascertained and distinguished from an
      undulation, taught or funnel-shaped detachment of the posterior hyaloid membrane;
      in addition, this membrane and retinal detachments are well discernible by this
      method.

PMID- 1083687
TI  - [Experiences in the radiographic contrast medium dimer-X in orbital diagnosis
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Experiments in animals and the employment of the contrast medium in a number of
      patients showed, that Dimer-X is well tolerated. No negative side effects were
      observed during the study. Employing only a little quantity of the medium,
      diluted with distilled water in the ratio of 1:3 or 1:4, good contrast
      representations are obtainable in the tissue of the orbits. It is completely
      absorbed within a relatively short period.

PMID- 1083688
TI  - [The influence of the retina on the maturation of the testicles: an experimental
      study in rabbits (author's transl)].
AB  - In the present experimental study in rabbits the importance of the non
      illuminated retina as a superior regulating centre for the maturation of the
      testicles is demonstrated. Involvement of the retinal maturation by an
      experimentally provoked total retinal detachment is followed by a cessation of
      the development of the testicles. The extent of this influence can be brought in
      evidence by means of the quotation of the fatty acids C20:4/C22:5 as well as on
      the hand of the histological findings.

PMID- 1083689
TI  - [Comparative intraocular pressure measurements with position independent hand
      applanatation tonometers (author's transl)].
AB  - A study of comparative intraocular pressure measurements was made using the hand
      held applanation tonometers of Perkins and Draeger in the sitting and lying
      patient. A series of 100 patients was investigated by two observers taking the
      pressures with both tonometers under blind conditions. The statistical evaluation
      of the data revealed an average pressure increment when lying down of 2.5 to 3 mm
      Hg for both observers and both tonometers. This postural response is fully
      reversible when getting up and an overshoot-phenomenon statistically significant
      is noted. The pressure increment when lying down is not related to initial
      pressure level and there is no clear relationship to the age of the patients
      tested. Interobserver variation as well as variations of both tonometers are
      evaluated. The effect of repeated tonometry in this study is considered. Some
      aspects of position influence on the intraocular pressure are discussed.

PMID- 1083690
TI  - Glycogen concentration changes in retina, vitreous body and other eye tissues
      caused by disturbances of blood circulation.
AB  - The glycogen content in the individual eye tissues is strongly correlated to
      blood supply. Our investigations on the retina of bovines, which have not been
      fully evaluated, show that the time interval between interruption of blood supply
      and preparation of the retina is of special importance. Pressure ischemia affects
      a decrease in glycogen content in the retina and vitreous of rabbits, which is,
      however, less distinct in the vitreous. Decrease of glycogen with ischemia also
      takes place in the cornea and, to a lesser degree, in iris and choroid. In
      contrast, there is no decrease in the glycogen content of the lens. Changes in
      glycogen content of the rabbit retina after ligation of the A. carotis communis
      is less distinct than with pressure ischemia. In the vitreous, changes in
      glycogen content could not be observed. Values measured in both tissues of the
      ligated eye decrease with additional pressure ischemia.

PMID- 1083691
TI  - [Light and electron microscopic studies on short-term preserved corneae (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Rabbit corneae were stored at a temperature of +4 degrees C in the following
      media: 1. 5% Dextran T40, 2. McCoy's Medium 5a (modified), 3. Dextran T
      40+McCoy's 5a Medium + gentamicin sulphate (250 mug/ml). The endothelia of the
      corneae were examined by light and electron microscopy after preservation for a
      varied number of days. The structure of the endothelia, stored for 1, 6, 12, 18
      days, was compared to fresh corneal endothelial cells. The results indicate that
      corneae preserved in Dextran 5% T40 + McCoy's 5a Medium + gentamicin sulphate
      might be equivalent to fresh corneal tissue in keratoplasties.

PMID- 1083692
TI  - Studies on the influence of leucomycine on the carbohydrate metabolism of the
      lens in vitro.
AB  - The influence of leucomycine (10(-5) M--5 X 10(-3) M) on enzyme activities, free
      adenine nucleotides, and some intermediates of glycolysis in bovine lenses has
      been investigated. After a 48 h incubation in TCM 199, 6 out of 9 enzymes
      activities tested were decreased. Concentrations of energy rich nucleotifes,
      glucose, fructose, and fructose-6-phosphate as well as those of fructose-1,6
      diphosphate and lactate were also decreased, whereas adenine monophosphate was
      increased.

PMID- 1083693
TI  - [A histological and electron microscopic study of the rabbit retina after
      application of vincristin (author's transl)].
AB  - Temporary electrophysiological damage to the rabbit eye proportional to dosis and
      application time was observed after application of Vincristin (Lilly). Cell
      destruction in all retinal layers was observed upon histological and electron
      microscopic examination of the animals. The outer segments of the receptor cells
      showed chiefly diffuse damage, and the pigment epithelial cells showed a high
      incidence of reorganization. Follow-up examination one year later showed this
      damage to be partially reparable, especially when very high doses had not been
      applied. Regeneration of the outer segments was observed. Destruction through
      pyknosis of the nucleus and cytoplasmal destruction was observed in a small
      number of receptor cells, bipolar ganglion cells, and ganglion cells. This also
      explained the absence of lasting functional abnormalities in the ERG and EVP.

PMID- 1083694
TI  - Uptake of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) by the endothelium of the short-term
      stored rabbit cornea.
AB  - In vitro study of the uptake of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) by the corneal
      endothelium was carried out on rabbit corneae which were stored in a preserving
      medium for various periods. The stored corneae were incubated in HRP solution
      with or without adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The number of pinocytotic vesicles
      decreased as the storage time was prolonged. Addition of ATP to the HRP solution
      led to an increase in the pinocytotic vesicles in all storage periods. The
      pinocytosis in the 12-day stored corneal endothelium was only observed when the
      tissue was incubated in an HRP solution containing ATP. From these results, it
      was concluded that the viability of the stored corneae can be evaluated with
      uptake of HRP by the endothelial cell, and that the addition of ATP leads to an
      enhancement of pinocytotic activity in the endothelial cell.

PMID- 1083695
TI  - [Fuchs's heterochromic cyclitis. Electron-microscopic study of nine iris biopsies
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The irises of 9 cases of Fuchs's heterochromic cyclitis, obtained by iridectomy
      during cataract surgery, were examined pathohistologically and electron
      microscopically. There is a chronic type of iridocyclitis with infiltration of
      mainly plasma cells and with a marked degenerative and atrophic component. The
      main feature of the fine structure is the presence of isolated organelles, mainly
      mitochondria, with intact structure, a result of a process which seems to destroy
      first the endoplasmatic reticulum and leads to cytolysis. This phenomenon,
      however, is present too in cases of types chronic iridocyclitis, but to a lesser
      extent. Thus, the extent of the atrophic process seems to be the only
      pathognomonic criteria for Fuchs's heterochromic cyclitis. The electron
      microscope cannot reveal pathognomonic criteria for Fuchs's heterochromic
      cyclitis, and, furthermore, we could not demonstrate any findings which could
      establish or confirm the etiology. The theory of a dysfunction of the sympathetic
      innervation and the theory of a vascular pathogenesis could not be confirmed. The
      question is discussed whether Fuchs's heterochromic cyclitis is a autoimmune
      disease which attacks the endoplasmatic reticulum first.

PMID- 1083696
TI  - Influence of various anesthetic drugs on the intraocular pressure of cats.
AB  - Cats with one normal eye and one eye with experimental glaucoma were trained to
      tolerate tonometry while conscious. They were then given the general anesthetic
      agents pentobarbital, ketamine, and CI-744 in the lowest and twice the lowest
      dosages which permitted tonometry in untrained cats. Pentobarbital lowered
      intraocular pressure (IOP) by 20-50%. Ketamine raised IOP by about 10%. CI-744
      had essentially no effect on IOP. The two conpoments of CI-744, tiletamine (CI
      634) and zolazepam (CI-716) were given individually in the doses in which they
      had been given as part of CI-744. Tiletamine had no effect on IOP, while
      zolazepam lowered IOP by about 10%.

PMID- 1083697
TI  - [The influence of vitamin A deficiency on the electrooculogram (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Hypovitaminosis A caused by a malabsorption syndrome had led to nearly selective
      disturbance of rod function in a 30 years old female. No rod dark-adaptation
      could be recorded. The b-wave in the ERG was lacking and the EOG was flat. The
      cone function appeared to be unimpaired. This could be documented by normal cone
      ERG, colour vision, visual acuity and central visual fields. Following treatment
      with vitamin A the subjective dark-adaptation, the b-wave in ERG and the EOG
      recovered. The results show that cones contribute barely to the oscillations of
      EOG.

PMID- 1083698
TI  - Ring-shaped alkali burns of the rabbit cornea. III. Late phase of the stroma
      reaction.
AB  - The present paper deals with late changes of the corneal stroma after alkali
      burns from the 5th day after the injury up to the 58th day. As has been pointed
      out in a previous paper, between the 3rd and 5th day the process of healing
      within the corneal stroma changes and at the end a dense scar ensues.

PMID- 1083699
TI  - [Does methylmethacrylate induce cardiovascular complications during
      alloarthroplastic surgery of the hip joint? (AUTHOR'S TRANSL)].
AB  - Cardiovascular experiments in dogs and rabbits under various conditions
      demonstrated that monomethylacrylate has no direct cardiac depressant activity.
      The transient decrease in blood pressure and heart rate of patients receiving
      endoprostheses and experimental animals is elicited by a vagotropic effect of the
      methacrylates and can be antagonized by prophylactic application of atropine.
      Severe cardiovascular incidents involving an acute cor pulmonale are induced via
      the steep rise in pressure within the bone-marrow canal during the forcing in of
      the endoprosthetic shafts, leading to intravasation of bone marrow and its
      thromboplastine like compounds, thus resulting in a partial coagulation. A
      schedule of simple prophylactic procedures proved to be effective in preventing
      fatal cardiovascular complications.

PMID- 1083700
TI  - Protease inhibitors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the
      alpha-antitrypsin heterozygote controversy.
AB  - A group of 163 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, from the
      pulmonary service of a large urban hospital, were evaluated for their protease
      inhibitor (Pi) type by starch gel and crossed immunoelectrophoresis, for serum
      concentrations of alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha1-antichymotrypsin, and for
      pulmonary function. Of the patients with emphysema, 17.8% were of Pi type Z; 50%
      of these were less than 45 years of age, compared to 13% of those of Pi type M.
      Of all patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 4.9% were of Pi type
      Z; 4.9% of patients were of Pi type MZ (heterozygotes) compared with 1.9% of the
      control population. There was an increased incidence of chronic obstructive
      pulmonary disease in persons of Pi type MZ, but no increase in persons of Pi type
      MS. Concentrations of both alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha1-antichymotrypsin were
      increased and were correlated. No patient had a deficiency of alpha1
      antichymotrypsin.

PMID- 1083701
TI  - Effect of human alpha-antitrypsin in papain-induced emphysema in the hamster.
AB  - The possibility that human alpha1-antitrypsin could effectively prevent
      development of emphysematous lesions produced in hamsters 7 days after exposure
      to aerosolized papain (3% for 3 hours) was investigated. Pretreatment with
      intratracheal human alpha1-antitrypsin prevented the appearance of these lesions
      in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, systemic administration of large
      doses of human alpha1-antitrypsin failed to prevent papain-induced pulmonary
      lesions, despite a significant increase in serum trypsin inhibitory capacity.
      These results suggest that intra-alveolar rather than serum concentrations of
      human alpha1-antitrypsin are critical for preventing the development of pulmonary
      emphysema in this animal model. It is interesting that although the mechanism by
      which human alpha1-antitrypsin prevented the papain-induced lesions is unknown,
      intratracheally administered human alpha1-antitrypsin similarly prevented the
      development of pulmonary emphysematous lesions induced by 0.1 mg of porcine
      pancreatic elastase given intratracheally.

PMID- 1083702
TI  - Etiologic diagnosis of intrapleural empyema by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - Cultural methods failed to identify the infecting organism in 4 patients with
      intrapleural empyema. Antimicrobial drugs had been administered to 3 of the
      patients before their admssion to the hospital. In each case, soluble
      polysaccharides believed to be those of pneumococcus or hemophilus were detected
      in the empyema fluid by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. These findings provided a
      rational basis for management of antimicrobial therapy for 3 of the patients and
      useful information on the origins of the empyema in the fourth patient.
      Counterimmunoelectrophoresis is a useful additional method for presumptively
      identifying the infecting organism in patients with intrapleural empyema.

PMID- 1083703
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal bleeding associated with biliary diversion.
AB  - Significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding following operation was noted in 14
      of 218 patients undergoing external biliary drainage. None of these patients
      sustained hepatic injury or needed hepatic resection. Three patients died from
      causes related to the upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and in 12 of the 14
      patients the episode of hemorrhage occurred within three days of the biliary
      tract operation. The majority of the patients were febrile or septic at the time
      of the biliary operation. Biliary tract infection, when combined with external
      biliary drainage, may predipose to major upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1083704
TI  - Primary appendectomy.
AB  - A review of 403 patients undergoing appendectomy in a community hospital led to
      the following conclusions. Appendectomy with the finding of a normal appendix and
      no other condition requiring operation was accompanied by a higher complication
      rate and longer hospitalization than appendectomy for nonperforated diseased
      appendix. A high frequency of removal of normal appendices did not result in a
      lower incidence of appendiceal perforation. An increased diagnostic accuracy in
      the surgical treatment of "acute appendicitis" was not associated with increased
      incidence of appendiceal perforation. These findings support the thesis that a
      more discriminate diagnosis of acute appendicitis will lower the incidence of
      unnecessary appendectomy without increasing the morbidity from unrecognized
      appendiceal disease.

PMID- 1083705
TI  - Intussusception following jejunoileal bypass: case report and review of the
      literature.
AB  - Jejunoileal bypass carries a number of potential complications, one of which is
      intussusception of the excluded segment. The incidence of this complication is
      probably about one to two per cent. The usual symptoms consist of intermittent
      episodes of colicky abdominal pain. The roentgenographic diagnosis is difficult
      because the condition occurs at the blind end of the excluded segment and it is
      not possible to reflux contrast material to this area. If the intussusception is
      associated with severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage, selective angiography may
      provide the diagnosis.

PMID- 1083706
TI  - The temporal bone in the preauricular pit, cervical fistula, hearing loss
      syndrome.
AB  - Histological study of the temporal bones of an infant with the preauricular pit,
      cervical fistula, hearing loss syndrome revealed abnormalities in the middle ear,
      the vestibular system, and the cochlea. There is a gross bilateral abnormality in
      the form and relationship of the middle ear spaces, the middle cranial fossa and
      the inner ear. The horizontal canal lacks ampulla and crista; the posterior canal
      terminates a short distance from the ampulla. The cochlear cavity is
      approximately four fifths of normal size. The modiolus of the cochlea shows minor
      abnormalities. Spiral ganglion cells and peripheral nerve fibers are present in
      all coils, but are below normal in population in the basal and apical coils. The
      stria vascularis is slightly deformed and partly atrophic in the upper apical
      coil. An occasional concretion is present in the base of the stria vascularis in
      the middle and apical coils.

PMID- 1083707
TI  - Night blindness and the retinal mechanism of visual adaptation.
AB  - An account is given of investigations into the mechanisms of dark-adaptation in
      the retina of man and of the skate and other fish. Working hypotheses as to the
      possible sites of abnormal function in the various disorders of which night
      blindness is a feature are presented.

PMID- 1083708
TI  - [Coronarography in the study of a left coronary artery implanted in the pulmonary
      artery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083709
TI  - [Value of arteriography in the diagnosis and the treatment of surgical
      gastrointestinal diseases].

PMID- 1083710
TI  - Complications in acute pancreatitis.
AB  - In a group of 260 non-selected cases of acute or subacute pancreatitis, severe
      complications occurred in 60 (23.1%). Long lasting shock and/or massive internal
      bleeding (5.4%), severe renal problems (anuria, tubular necrosis, nephrosis)
      (5.4%) and frank hepatic failure due to extensive liver necrosis or other severe
      destruction (5.0%), invariably lead to death. The clinical group of findings
      pointing to a fatal course usually manifested themselves during the first three
      days. Severe renal and hepatic lesions were in many cases secondary to shock in
      fulminant rapidly deteriorating cases. Prevention and efficient management of
      shock are thus essential prerequisites for saving the patient. Other important
      complications included severe intra-abdominal suppuration and abscesses,
      peritonitis and sepsis (3.9%), pseudocysts of the pancreas (5.4%) and biliary
      stasis (18.4%). Severe obstruction to bile flow with associated jaundice occurred
      in only 4.6% of cases; unselected operative biliary decompression does not
      therefore appear indicated. If an early laparotomy is performed, efficient
      debridement and drainage are of utmost importance. Fatal pancreatitis was
      associated with extensive necrosis of the pancreas in about 80% of cases;
      possibly subtotal pancreatic resection at an early laparotomy would have given
      better results in these most severe cases, as recently reported in the
      literature.

PMID- 1083711
TI  - Spheroplasts of Haemophilus influenzae induced by cell wall-active antibiotics
      and their effect upon the interpretation of susceptibility tests.
AB  - The interpretation of in vitro susceptibility tests of Haemophilus influenzae
      performed by the agar or broth dilution methods with Levinthal enrichment was
      found to be markedly influenced by the production of spheroplasts by this
      species. Using an inoculum of 10(7) organisms/ml, this phenomenon was frequently
      evident macroscopically as a haziness on agar substrates and in broths containing
      cell wall-acting agents, such as ampicillin, cephalothin, and penicillin, but was
      not noted with chloramphenicol. Phase-contrast microscopic examination of the
      haze from these sources revealed numerous spherical bodies in contrast to the
      typical cocco-bacillary forms observed in growth controls. With this inoculum
      size, minimal bactericidal concentrations could not be determined since
      subculture of 0.1 ml of the hazy broths or the surface haze onto chocolate agar
      resulted in most instances in the development of a small number of colonies
      which, upon smear and gram stain, revealed typical Haemophilus morphology. An
      inoculum of 10(4) organisms/ml abolished the haziness on agar surfaces and in
      broths and resulted in clear-cut end points. Also, although spherical bodies were
      still present, they were distinctly less in number as contrasted to tests
      performed with an inoculum of 10(7) organisms/ml. It is recommended that minimal
      inhibitory concentration end points in antibiotic susceptibility tests be
      determined by microscopic, rather than macroscopic, observation of the growth
      milieu to determine the presence or absence of morphologically typical bacilli
      which, when observed, is indicative of true in vitro resistance.

PMID- 1083712
TI  - Uptake of metronidazole and its effect on viability in trichomonads and Entamoeba
      invadens under anaerobic and aerobic conditions.
AB  - [(14)C]metronidazole used at the chemotherapeutic concentration of 10 mug/ml is
      taken up rapidly by the anaerobic protozoa Tritrichomonas foetus, Trichomonas
      vaginalis, and Entamoeba invadens kept under anaerobic conditions. It can be
      calculated that within 30 to 60 min the intracellular concentration of the label
      is 50 to 100 times higher than in the medium. The presence of air markedly
      suppresses the uptake in the trichomonads and abolishes it in E. invadens. The
      suppression disappears after anaerobic conditions are established. The rate of
      uptake in T. foetus is dependent on the concentration of the drug in the range
      studied (1 to 200 mug/ml). Analysis of double reciprocal plots suggests that the
      drug enters the cells predominantly or exclusively by diffusion. The major factor
      driving the uptake is most likely the intracellular biotransformation of the
      compound. If less than 3 mug of drug per mg of protein is taken up by T. foetus
      no decrease in viability is observed. Above this level the cytotoxic activity
      corresponds roughly to the amount accumulated in the cell, irrespective of
      whether the conditions are anaerobic or aerobic.

PMID- 1083713
TI  - Heterogeneity of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B as a function of growth
      stage: implications for surveillance of foods.
AB  - Staphylococcus aureus was grown in a fermentor under controlled conditions of pH,
      oxygenation, and temperature, while the higher-molecular-weight products of its
      growth were continuously removed across ultrafiltration membranes. These products
      were examined by single and double gel diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis
      against a variety of available anti-enterotoxin B antisera. All antisera examined
      were polyvalent for S. aureus antigens. However, two electrophoretically distinct
      proteins were the major reactants with the antisera. One of these was present in
      early- to mid-log-phase cultures. After mid-log growth was achieved, both were
      present but in continuously changing proportions. This observation was repeated
      with a variety of growth conditions and media. A significant part of the
      physicochemical heterogeneity of enterotoxin B observed over the past 20 years is
      thus correlated with the growth phase of the organism. Taken together, these
      facts are used to argue for a two-step rationale for the detection of food-borne
      staphylococcal disease: (i) screening for a presumptive hazard by analysis for
      any antigen, toxin, or enzyme of S. aureus in a foodstuff and (ii) confirmation
      of the hazard by identifying the presence of an enterotoxin using a combination
      of physicochemical and serological techniques.

PMID- 1083714
TI  - The thymus in immunity.

PMID- 1083715
TI  - Immunological help.

PMID- 1083716
TI  - The management of infected abdominal aortic grafts and graft-enteric fistulas.
AB  - Seven cases of infected aortic grafts or aorto-enteric fistulas following
      resection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm are reviewed. All cases were treated
      with axillo-femoral bypass and graft removal. Patients had recurrent fever,
      chills, and abdominal pain (5 patients), or massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage
      (2 patients). The two patients with massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage died.
      Three of the 5 long-term survivors had a recurrence of the retroperitoneal
      abscess after graft removal; one of these died. One axillo-femoral bypass graft
      required early thrombectomy. There have been no subsequent problems with any of
      the grafts in the 2.5 to 4 year followup period. Axillo-femoral bypass
      immediately before graft removal is the treatment of choice for infected or
      fistulous aortic grafts. Any delay in graft removal after the onset of symptoms
      should be avoided.

PMID- 1083717
TI  - The management of Hemophilus influenzae, Type B, pericarditis.
AB  - The incidence of Hemophilus influenzae, type B, infections in children has been
      increasing recently, so the number of cases of pericarditis is likely to rise
      also. We describe the clinical manifestations and treatment of H. influenzae,
      type B, pericarditis based on 4 patients and a review of the literature. The most
      common complication is cardiac tamponade, which requires drainage. All patients
      should be treated with antibiotics (chloramphenicol, ampicillin) and a drainage
      procedure. Because of several recently reported cases of subsequent constrictive
      pericarditis, we recomment anterior interphrenic pericardiectomy both for
      drainage and to prevent constrictive pericarditis. With appropriate therapy the
      survival rate should be very high.

PMID- 1083718
TI  - Vein grafts to left-sided coronary arteries: passage through the transverse
      sinus.
AB  - Vein grafts to left-sided coronary arteries, unlike those to the right coronary
      artery, do not course and land naturally on an axis parallel to that of the
      recipient artery. To run such a course, the graft must take off from the aorta in
      a direction upward and to the left, then loop back toward the left anterior
      descending, the diagonal, or the circumflex coronary artery. Because of limited
      space in this area due to the reflection of the pericardium near the left
      pulmonary artery and left atrial appendage, the vein loop may bend at that point
      or, when made shorter, may kink at the site of the coronary anastomosis. To avoid
      the formation of these sharp angulations, the graft may be made to course
      posteriorly and superiorly into the transverse sinus, behind the main pulmonary
      artery and the aorta, and may be sutured on the right anterior aspect of the
      ascending aorta. Following is the description of this technique and its
      advantages.

PMID- 1083719
TI  - Sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis after open-heart operation: pathogenesis
      and prevention.
AB  - Sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis caused by Pseudomonas cepacia developed
      in a patient undergoing coronary artery bypass two weeks after the operation. P.
      cepacia bacteremia from a contaminated pressure transducer had preceded and
      probably caused the chest infection. While other authors have suggested that
      postoperative sternal osteomyelitis and mediastinitis result from local wound
      contamination, this case suggests the importance of bacteremia as a cause of such
      gram-negative infections. Since patients undergoing open-heart operation are
      exposed to many sources of bacteremia, prevention of severe postoperative chest
      infections may depend in large part on careful preoperative evaluation of each
      patienc antibiotic regimens, and, as shown in this patient, on very thorough
      periodic review of equipment sterilization and intravascular monitoring
      practices.

PMID- 1083720
TI  - A new approach to left heart decompression.
AB  - A simple, safe, indirect technique for decompression of the left heart is
      described. Pulmonary artery venting produces immediate and total decompression of
      the left heart through spontaneous retrograde pulmonary flow across the open
      mitral valve in the hypothermic (29 degrees C) electrically fibrillated heart.
      This allows free retrograde flow of left heart blood across the pulmonary valve
      into the right ventricle, where it is taken up by the usual caval cannulas. In 25
      of 66 consecutive patients undergoing elective ventricular fibrillation and
      anoxic arrest, left heart venting was necessary as indicated by rising left heart
      pressures. Total cardiac decompression was immediately and completely achieved by
      this simple indirect technique. Direct left heart venting, with its associated
      risks and disadvantages, was never necessary, and we now consider it obsolete.

PMID- 1083721
TI  - A simple and effective left ventricular vent tube.
AB  - We have devised a simple, cheap, left ventricular vent that is relatively free
      from malfunction. It has further use in that it serves as a means of cooling the
      endocardium when hypothermic techniques are utilized.

PMID- 1083722
TI  - Antibodies to components of extractable nuclear antigen. Clinical characteristics
      of patients.
AB  - Forty-four patients with antibodies to ribonuclease-sensitive extractable nuclear
      antigen (ENA), ribonuclease-resistant ENA, or both, are described. Most patients
      with antiribonucleoprotein (anti-RNP) antibodies have overlapping features of
      systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS), and
      polymyositis, and have a low incidence of nephritis. Most patients with antibody
      solely to ribonuclease-insensitive ENA have SLE; these patients with SLE are
      typical of the general SLE population, except that they demonstrate an increased
      incidence of Raynaud phenomenon. Furthermore, it is shown that antibody to ENA
      may occur in other rheumatic and nonrheumatic diseases, and that not all patients
      who have a clinical overlap of SLE and PSS that is suggestive of mixed connective
      tissue disease have anti-RNP antibody.

PMID- 1083723
TI  - [Proceedings: Pulmonary form of histiocytosis X].

PMID- 1083724
TI  - Subcutaneous electrical stimulation (acupuncture) in the clinical practice of
      physical medicine.
AB  - There has been a rapid growth in both interest and concern over the value of
      acupuncture in this country during the last three years. Initially it was
      regarded with doubt, then with overwhelming interest, but only recently have any
      research data appeared as to its true value and applicability to western
      medicine. An acupuncture research project was initiated in November 1972 by the
      author to assess the immediate and long-range benefits of acupuncture in a group
      of 179 patients with various neuromuscular-skeletal pain and mobility problems. A
      total of 1,112 treatments have been administered. A follow-up survey of these
      patients was completed in October 1974 with 126 (70%) of the patients responding
      to a subjective questionnaire. In 49% of the patients the initial response to
      acupuncture treatments was some reduction of symptoms and in a significant
      percentage there was persistence of beneficial response for greater than three
      months.

PMID- 1083725
TI  - Acupuncture effect on neurosensory deafness.
AB  - Bilateral neurosensory deafness offers a unique opportunity to study the effects
      of acupuncture objectively. By treating only one ear, and using audiometric
      evaluation techniques instead of subjective evaluations of hearing, an analysis
      of any achieved improvement seemed feasible. Only patients with well documented
      bilateral nerve deafness were accepted into the program. A baseline audiogram
      with speech discrimination and puretone air and bone conduction thresholds was
      obtained prior to treatment. Thirty-eight patients underwent ten consecutive
      acupuncture treatments on one ear only, with the other ear serving as a control.
      After the course of acupuncture, the audiometrics were repeated by the same
      audiologist. There was no significant increase in hearing after acupuncture
      therapy.

PMID- 1083726
TI  - Chronic consumption coagulopathy accompanying abdominal aortic aneurysm.
AB  - Each of two patients harboring a stable abdominal aortic aneurysm manifested
      severe recurrent bleeding consequent to chronic consumption coagulopathy (CCC).
      Both underwent successful aneurysmectomy, but in only one patient did bleeding
      cease and depressed clotting factors return to normal activity. In the other
      patient, subsequent observations suggested that his coagulopathy actually
      resulted from occult pancreatic carcinoma. We propose here criteria for
      establishing stable aneurysm as the cause of CCC and demonstrate the efficacy of
      heparin in reversing the coagulation defect prior to surgical intervention. These
      cases also illustrate that the discovery of CCC accompanying stable aneurysm may
      signal the presence of another underlying disorder.

PMID- 1083727
TI  - Recurrent variceal hemorrhage following successful Warren shunt.
AB  - Recurrent variceal hemorrhages are demonstrated following a technically
      successful Warren shunt. Serial barium esophagrams show the progressive
      enlargement of distal esophageal varices. Results of celiac arteriograms and
      direct examination confirmed the patency of the distal splenorenal shunt.
      Hemorrhage from varices was shown by fiberoptic esophagoscopy; end-to-side
      portacaval anastomosis reduced portal pressure and stopped the bleeding.

PMID- 1083728
TI  - Transhepatic variceal sclerotherapy.
AB  - We attempted to control variceal hemorrhage, using transhepatic variceal
      sclerotherapy of a coronary varix. The procedure transiently controlled
      hemorrhage, but bleeding resumed from short gastric varices hours later.

PMID- 1083729
TI  - Coagulation factor VIII. Localization in the aqueous outflow pathways.
AB  - Antihemophilic factor A-von Willebrand factor (AHF-vWF) is a protein involved in
      the first phase of blood coagulation and in the mechanism of platelet adhesion.
      The localization of this protein has been studied in the anterior segment of
      fetal and adult human eye by a direct immunofluorescence method. It was found
      that AHF-vWF is present in the wall of aqueous outflow pathways but not in that
      of Schlemm canal. As it has fibrinolytic activity in the endothelium of Schlemm
      canal, this structure can be expected to be especially well protected against
      fibrin deposition and occlusion by platelets and thrombi. The ciliary processes
      of the adult eye had no AHF-vWF activity. Instead, fluorescein isothiocyanate
      fluorescence could be seen in the vessel wall of the ciliary processes of the
      fetal eye. This difference may be connected with the function of aqueous
      secretion.

PMID- 1083730
TI  - T-cell rosette test in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
AB  - The percentage of total T-lymphocytes was measured in 38 patients with
      histologically diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. This
      measure of cellular immunity, which appears to be important in tumor-cell
      destruction, is demonstrably lowered in advanced stages of this disease. With the
      use of this test, the effect of a combined chemoimmunotherapeutic regimen
      consisting of methotrexate sodium, isoniazid, and BCG vaccine was sutdied. In
      this small series, no decrease of the T-cell count following treatment by
      methotrexate was demonstrated, except when a high dosage followed by leucovorin
      calcium was used. The BCG vaccine appeared to enhance T-cell counts, and one
      patient who was treated with cryosurgery had a dramatic increase in circulating T
      lymphocytes. The T-cell test may be of clinical importance in the development of
      treatment sequences that provide maximum reduction of tumor cell mass while
      preserving host T cells.

PMID- 1083731
TI  - [Postpartum hemorrhage syndrome caused by factor VIII inhibitor in the blood].
AB  - The appearance of Factor VIII inhibitor in women after childbirth is a very rare
      occurence. However the hemorrhagic syndrome which results from such condition can
      be very serious and difficult to treat. In this paper a case of young women is
      described who developed after childbirth a severe bleeding disorder. Clinical
      feature was very similar to those seen in haemophilia. The patient was
      investigated in the local hospital but the diagnosis was not made. The bleeding
      disorder lasted with various extension for six months and patient finally
      developed a severe sublingual and laringeal bleeding. She was transfered to the
      Clinic "B" of Internal Medicine in a very serious condition. On examination there
      was marked prolongation of the clotting time and no detectable Factor VIII. On
      the basis of these findings and the clinical expression of bleeding disorders,
      the tentative diagnosis of Factor VIII inhibitor was made. The treatment was not
      possible to institute because the patient expired within hours. Autopsy showed
      that bleeding into deep laringeal tissue was the sole cause of her death.
      Additional examination of the of the patient's plasma specimen using the antibody
      assay (Biggs-Bidwell-1959) showed the presence of the antibody to the Factor Viii
      which were active in 1:100 dilution.

PMID- 1083732
TI  - Valency-dependent stimulating effects of lima bean lectins on lymphocytes of
      different species.

PMID- 1083733
TI  - Resonance Raman scattering of bacteriochlorophyll, bacteriopheophytin and
      spheroidene in reaction centers of Rhodopseudomonas speroides.

PMID- 1083734
TI  - Inhibition of choline acetyltransferase by tertiary alkylaminoethyl esters.

PMID- 1083735
TI  - Proceedings: Analysis of preoperative and operative factors influencing outcome
      of aortocoronary bypass surgery in 146 patients.

PMID- 1083736
TI  - Proceedings: Evaluation of early and long-term functions of aortocoronary
      saphenous vein grafts.

PMID- 1083737
TI  - Anti-tumour and anti-metastatic activity of 3-(P-Chlorophenyl)-2,3-Dihydro-3
      Hydroxythiazolo (3,2-A)-Benzimidazole-2-acetic acid (WY-13,876).
AB  - Extensive investigation of 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxythiazolo(3,2
      alpha)-benzimidazole-2-acetic acid (Wy-13,876) in BDF1 mice implanted with Lewis
      lung tumour has shown that it is an effective anti-tumour and anti-metastatic
      agent. In vitro examination using HEp-2 human epidermal tumour cells has
      indicated that Wy-13,876 is not cytotoxic. When mice implanted with Lewis lung
      tumour and treated with Wy-13,876 are also injected with anti-thymocyte serum, an
      increase in lung metastases is observed suggesting that thymocyte activity is
      involved in the drug's mechanism of action. An increase in peripheral T
      lymphocytes observed in rats 18 h after a single oral dose of Wy-13,876 further
      supports this possibility. When Wy-13,876 is given to tumour -bearing mice in
      combination with low, ineffective doses of 5-fluorouracil or cyclophosphamide,
      further reduction of primary tumour growth is observed.

PMID- 1083738
TI  - Estimation of plasma esterolytic activity and its in vitro inhibition by
      proteinase inhibitors during acute pancreatitis in the human.
AB  - The plasma esterolytic activity was measured using benzyol arginine ethyl ester
      (BAEe) in the peripheral venous blood of patients with acute pancreatitis, normal
      healthy volunteers and a contrast group of patients with acute intrabdominal
      inflammations other than acute pancreatitis. The plasma esterolytic activity was
      significantly elevated in the pancreatitis group. This activity was maximal
      during the first 48 hours of the illness and remained elevated for a further 8
      days thereafter. Aprotinin in a dose of 2000 K.I. u/0-3 ml plasma did not
      completely inhibit this esterolytic activity, although it resulted in a more
      substantial inhibition than either ovomucoid or soy bean inhibitor. It is
      concluded that pancreatic enzymes are released into the circulation during acute
      pancreatitis and that Aprotinin does not completely inhibit this proteolytic
      activity. This polyvalent proteinase inhibitor should therefore be administered
      in much higher dosage than that used hitherto in  acute pancreatitis. The plasma
      esterolytic activity seems to be of diagnostic value in acute  pancreatitis.

PMID- 1083739
TI  - Immunological aspects of psoriasis. I. Immunoglobulins and anti-IgG factors.
AB  - Sixty patients with psoriasis have been studied for quantitative estimation of
      serum immunoglobulin A, G and M (60 cases), immunoglobulin E (43 cases), salivary
      immunoglobulin A (28 cases) and anti-IgG factors in the serum (40 cases). All the
      data have been statistically compared to a large control group (300 subjects).
      The results show an increase of the serum IgG and IgA means, an increase of
      salivary IgA which is correlated with the serum IgA, an increase of IgE levels in
      some patients and the presence of anti-IgG activity in the serum of 45% of
      patients with psoriasis. All these findings are statistically significant when
      compared to controls. These data could be in favour of auto-immune processes in
      psoriasis.

PMID- 1083740
TI  - Identification of subpopulations of lymphocytes and macrophages in the infiltrate
      of lichen planus lesions of skin and oral mucosa.
AB  - The mononuclear cells of the infiltrate in lichen planus lesions of skin and oral
      mucosa have been identified by detection of their membrane receptors in frozen
      tissue sections. By this method, the infiltrate would appear to consist of
      predominantly T lymphocytes, some macrophages and only a few B cells. The
      pathogenesis of lichen planus is discussed in the light of these findings.

PMID- 1083741
TI  - The effect of transfer factor on neutrophil function in chronic mucocutaneous
      candidiasis.
AB  - Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis with hypoparathyroidism in a 6-year-old-boy is
      described. In addition to defects of in vivo and in vitro correlates of delayed
      type hypersensitivity to Candida albicans the child also had abnormalities of
      neutrophil function in terms of their capacity to respond by chemotaxis to a
      known attractant and to kill suspensions of C. albicans. Dialysable transfer
      factor was given on six occasions at intervals of between 26 and 45 days.
      Neutrophil chemotaxis (optimal conditions) was restored following each of the six
      injections, neutrophil chemotaxis (sub-optimal conditions) following five of the
      six injections and candidicidal capacity following four of the six injections.
      The effects of transfer factor were transient requiring repeated injections. The
      Candida delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test was restored to normal but
      lymphocyte transformation to Candida extract was not consistently positive
      following treatment. There was a slight clinical improvement following therapy.
      These abnormalities of neutrophil and lymphocyte function point to the complexity
      of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. The improvement in neutrophil chemotaxis
      and candidicidal capacity following treatment suggests that transfer factor may
      be a heterogeneous group of molecules, some of which affect granulocytes and
      restore defects in their function.

PMID- 1083742
TI  - Mouse red-cell rosettes in B-lymphoproliferative disorders.
AB  - A high proportion of peripheral-blood lymphocytes formed spontaneous rosettes
      with mouse red cells in 22 out of 23 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
      (CLL); the proportion was significantly higher than in 19 cases of other B
      lymphoproliferative disorders (non-CLL group) and in 19 normal controls.
      Intermediate findings were obtained in 10 cases of "hairy" cell leukaemia. Blast
      cells from various types of acute leukaemia did not bind mouse red cells. Pre
      treatment of the lymphocytes with neuraminidase led to a significant increase in
      the proportion of rosettes in CLL only. This test may prove useful in
      distinguishing CLL from other B-lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly
      prolymphocytic leukaemia.

PMID- 1083743
TI  - Immunoradiometric assay of factor VIII related antigen, with observations in 32
      patients with von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - A solid phase non-competitive immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) has been developed
      which allows measurement of factor VIII related antigen (VIIIR:AG) levels in
      normal plasma as low as 2.5 x 10(-4) U/ml. The assay is based on the extraction
      of VIIIR:AG from test plasma by means of polystrene tubes coated with a specific
      unlabelled anti-VIIIR:AG rabbit antiserum and subsequent labelling of the
      extracted antigen with 125I-labelled anti-VIIIR:AG rabbit IgG.

PMID- 1083744
TI  - Recurrent erosion of the cornea.
AB  - Altogether, 80 patients aged between 24 and 73 years with recurrent erosion of
      the cornea have been studied and compared with a control group of 200. The
      patients' erosions were divisible into macroform and microform types. The
      macroform occurred in 10%, the microform in 56%, and both types in the same
      patients in 31%. The macroform was more commonly related to trauma than the
      microform. However, many (40%) were spontaneous in origin. The most common cause
      of the initial trauma was a finger nail. The recurrences occurred at around the
      time of waking, either just before or just after. Difficulty in opening the eye
      occurred in 10%. There was little evidence of precipitating factors, but eye
      rubbing was admitted by 10% and barbiturates were implicated in 3%. The corneae
      were examined in the healed state, when a high incidence (59%) were found to have
      superficial corneal dystrophies of the fingerprint lines, bleb, and Bietti's
      lacunar (map-like) types. These are considered individually, particular attention
      being paid to the distinction between the various types of line resembling the
      fingerprint line. Epithelial microcysts were also a common finding (59%) and were
      sometimes of the Cogan type. In only 11% of patients were there no corneal signs
      in the healed state. The need for careful examination of the cornea by
      retroillumination, using both the iris and the fundus, is stressed. The control
      group, in contrast, showed a very low incidence of dystrophies and cysts.
      Treatment was given initially with either drops or ointment and no differences in
      healing were found. Debridement was performed in 12 eyes as an initial treatment
      and also in four eyes which were not healing on medical treatment. Debridement
      assisted healing, but did not prevent recurrence. One eye was treated with
      debridement and scarification and seven with carbolization. These procedures
      appeared to reduce the recurrence rate. Sodium chloride ointment 5% was found
      useful as a prophylactic taken at bedtime, and the recurrence rate increased when
      it was withdrawn.

PMID- 1083745
TI  - The inhibition of human leucocyte elastase and chymotrypsin-like protease by
      elastatinal and chymostatin.
AB  - The ability of elastatinal and chymostatin, protease inhibitors of microbial
      origin, to inhibit human leucocyte proteases (EC 3.4.-) was studied. Elastatinal
      and chymostatin are capable of inhibiting the pancreatic enzymes elastase and
      chymotrypsin, respectively. It was found in these studies, with synthetic
      substrates, that elastatinal is a much weaker inhibitor of human leucocyte
      elastase than it is of porcine pancreatic elastase. Elastatinal caused no
      inhibition of the activity of human leucocyte chymotrypsin-like protease.
      Chymostatin was found to be a powerful inhibitor of human leucocyte chymotrypsin
      like protease. Its affinity to the leucocyte protease was higher than its
      affinity to bovine pancreatic alpha-chymotrypsin. Chymsotatin had a weak
      inhibitory effect on the activity of human leucocyte elastase. Studies were also
      carried out on the ability of chymostatin to inhibit the release of 35SO2-4 from
      rabbit articular cartilage by human leucocyte chymotrypsin-like protease.
      Preincubation of the chymostatin with the protease before the latter was added to
      the 35SO2-4 -labeled cartilage caused inhibition of proteolysis as measured by
      35SO2-4 release. Preincubation of chymostatin with 35SO2-4 -labeled cartilage
      prior to addition of the human chymotrypsin-like protease to the tissue also
      inhibited 35SO2-4 release. However, in the case of preincubation of cartilage
      with alpha1 -antitrypsin there was no such inhibition. It therefore appeared that
      chymostatin, unlike alpha1 -antitrypsin, was capable of penetrating the cartilage
      matrix and exerting its inhibitory effect upon the human leucocyte chymotrypsin
      like protease that was subsequently added to the tissue.

PMID- 1083746
TI  - Repetitive DNA transcripts in frog embryo cytoplasm.

PMID- 1083748
TI  - The immunoblast.

PMID- 1083747
TI  - [Temperature dependence of the kinetics of dark reduction of bacteriochlorophyll
      P870, oxidized by impulse laser and continuous light in photosynthetic reaction
      center preparations from Rhodosuedomonas spheroides strain 1760-1].
AB  - A comparative study was carried out of temperature dependence of kinetics of dark
      reduction of bacteriochlorophyll P870 oxidized both by pulsed laser and
      continuous actinic light in preparations of photosynthetic reaction centres
      bacteriochlorophyll-protein complexes from Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, strain
      1760-1. Half-time of the recombination of primary products--P870+ and reduced
      primary electron acceptor A1, which decreases with temperature lowering from 180
      240 ms at 120K, is determined. Values of the rate constant of electron transfer
      from A1 to secondary acceptors at 29,K (2.7.10-1s-1) and the activation energy of
      this reaction in the range of 298-255K which is 11.8 kcal/mole are calculated.

PMID- 1083749
TI  - T-cell qualities of lymphocytes and/or leukemic cells from peripheral blood in
      acute myeloid and lymphatic leukemia before treatment and at relapse.
AB  - PHA stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes and/or leukemic cells has been
      studied in 65 patients with acute leukemia before any prior treatment. There were
      38 patients with A.L.L. and 27 with A.M.L. In relapsing A.L.L. 15 observations
      were made before reinduction therapy. In about 40% of all the cultures PHA
      stimulation was done simultaneously with PWM-stimulation. Before any treatment
      normal lymphocytes showed a normal response, being however somewhat diminished at
      relapse. Most of the cases of A.M.L. had so many leukemic cells in peripheral
      blood that no reliable measure of stimulation of the few lymphocytes left was
      possible. In A.L.L. this was however possible in about 30% of all the cases
      studied. In cultures of the predominantly leukemic cells, lymphoblasts showed a
      positive response in a minority of cases studied. If the peripheral WBC-count was
      high, a response was usually absent. In some of the cases of A.M.L., the leukemic
      cells reacted to PHA and PWM. Unexpected but very remarkable is our finding that
      in the control cultures, without added mitogen, the incorporation of labelled 3H
      thymidine was usually very high in A.M.L. contrasting with A.L.L. leukemic cells
      who incorporated very little of the label. These striking differences were
      observed both in 72 and 144 hours cultures and were not caused by differences in
      viability between these two leukemic cell-types. The capacity of A.L.L.-leukemic
      cells to form E ("T") and EAC ("B") rosettes was studied in 20 cases. The
      percentages of rosette forming lymphoblasts differed widely from patient to
      patient. It is concluded that in A.L.L. leukemic cells are in a minority immuno
      competent cells and it is suggested that the lymphoblast is an immature cell,
      arrested in the maturation towards a T-lymphocyte, the degree of maturity
      differing from patient to patient. Furthermore the striking difference in
      spontaneous labelling of myeloid versus lymphoblastic leukemic cells seems to be
      helpful in the differential diagnosis and may in part explain the well known
      differences in prognosis and behaviour towards cytostatics between these main
      leukemia types.

PMID- 1083750
TI  - [Choleragenic intoxication in hydrobionts].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on Rana temporaria in which cholerigenic intoxication
      was induced. Administration of high doses of choleragen caused in the epithelial
      cells of the small intestine of frogs structural-functional changes analogous to
      those observed in suckling rabbits used as a classic model for studying the
      mechanisms of cholerigenic intoxication.

PMID- 1083751
TI  - [T-lymphocyte migration into the bone marrow in the initial period of the stress
      reaction].
AB  - Six to nine hours after the beginning of stress-reaction caused by a 6-hour
      immobilization there appeared, in the bone marrow of CBA mice, cells with the
      antigenic (theta-antigen) and functional (cells-helpers) characteristics of T
      lymphocytes. Migration of T-lymphocytes into the bone marrow was regarded as the
      mechanism of increase in nonspecific resistance of the organism.

PMID- 1083752
TI  - [Papillary decoloration in gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1083753
TI  - [Corticotherapy, the eye, and T and B lymphocytes].

PMID- 1083754
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopy study of cultures of spotted dystrophy of the
      cornea].

PMID- 1083755
TI  - Haemorrhage from stomal varices in an ileal conduit.

PMID- 1083756
TI  - Emergency arteriography in acute gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Emergency arteriography was carried out on 35 patients with acute
      gastrointestinal bleeding, in 31 of them within two hours of active bleeding (a
      haematemisis; a diagnostic change in central venous pressure, pulse rate, or
      blood pressure; or gastric aspiration of fresh blood). A definite site of
      bleeding was identified in 27 patients (77%)-this being a small-intestinal
      vascular abnormality in three--and a probable site in three. Confirmation of the
      bleeding site was obtained in 20 out of 23 patients treated surgically. An intra
      arterial vasoconstrictor infusion was given as a temporary measure before surgery
      in seven patients, only one of whom showed active bleeding at operation. An intra
      arterial vasoconstrictor infusion was tried as definitive treatment in an
      additional 10 patients, but in four out of seven with a chronic ulcer bleeding
      recurred after 5-68 hours and was therefore treated surgically. We recommend the
      diagnostic use of arteriography in patients with reliable evidence of active
      bleeding if its site cannot be determined by endoscopy. We do not recommend its
      therapeutic use in those with a chronic ulcer, except to facilitate resuscitation
      before surgery; further studies are needed to define its role in those with an
      acute lesion.

PMID- 1083757
TI  - Factor-VIII-related antigen: measurement by enzyme immunoassay.
AB  - Factor-VIII-related antigen was measured, both by an enzyme immunoassay using a
      microplate method and by the Laurell technique, in normal people, patients with
      von Willebrand's disease, haemophiliacs, and obligatory haemophilia carriers. The
      enzyme immunoassay was simpler to perform and gave equally reliable and
      reproducible results. Many more assays could be carried out at any one time.

PMID- 1083758
TI  - Letter: Suppressor cells and human malignant disease.

PMID- 1083759
TI  - Extra-articular features in early rheumatoid disease.
AB  - One hundred and two patients who presented with rheumatoid disease within the
      first year of onset were studied prospectively every four months for a mean 4.5
      years to assess the incidence of extra-articular features. The features that
      seemed to be common in the early stages included hand-muscle wasting, carpal
      tunnel syndrome, lymphadenopathy, non-specific ankle swelling, and rheumatoid
      nodules, and to a lesser extent hepatomegaly, being underweight, conjunctivitis,
      skin transparency, and a palpable thyroid gland. Those features which seldom
      occurred early included scleromalacia, temporal artery inolvement, salivary gland
      enlargement, distal-motor neuropathy, splenomegaly, digital vasculitis, and
      pulmonary and cardiac complications. Being underweight indicated a significantly
      more severe outcome.

PMID- 1083760
TI  - Prognostic value of early features in rheumatoid disease.
AB  - Extensive data on 102 patients who presented with rheumatoid disease within a
      year of onset were gathered by a prospective study to assess the prognostic value
      of early features. Outcome was evaluated at a mean 4-5 years from onset on the
      basis of functional grade, extent of joint disease, early morning stiffness, and
      grip strength. Twenty-six patients improved, 14 pursued a mild steady course, and
      62 had a persistently severe or deteriorating condition. The features recorded at
      the first visit were correlated with outcome. Those indicating a poor prognosis
      were: older age at onset, being underweight, poor grip strength, many affected
      joints, involvement of wrist or metatarsophalangeal joints, poor functional
      status, fulfilment of many of the American Rheumatism Association criteria for
      rheumatoid disease, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate, seropositivity on
      sheep cell agglutination or latex tests, low haemoglobin level, raised blood urea
      level, and early erosions on x-ray films.

PMID- 1083761
TI  - The effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan and L-tryptophan on wakefulness and sleep
      patterns in the cat.
AB  - Sleep in cats was studied for 24 h after i.p. injections of D,L-5
      hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP, 40 mg/kg) or L-tryptophan (200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) in
      two separate experiments. Total sleep, total slow wave sleep or deep slow wave
      sleep was not changed in any experiment. There was an increase of the awake,
      drowsy pattern over the whole recording period after both 5-HTP and tryptophan
      injections. An accentuated drowsy pattern, with high voltage 4 c/sec synchronous
      waves, but with no sleep spindles, was seen during the first hours after 5-HTP
      injection. REM sleep was completely absent during the first 6 h after 5-HTP and
      significantly reduced during the first 3 h after tryptophan. The similarity of
      the effects of 5-HTP and tryptophan suggests that they both act as serotonin
      precursors. It is also suggested that the serotonin precursors have a general
      deactivating effect on the waking state, and that they do not necessarily
      subserve a specific sleep-inducing or sleep-maintaining function.

PMID- 1083762
TI  - Audiogenic seizures: relation to age and mechanisms of monoamine
      neurotransmission.
AB  - Mice with a genetically determined susceptibility to audiogenic seizures were
      utilized to analyze the ontogeny of central monoamine neurotransmission in
      relation to a behavior with age-specific properties. Levels of noradrenaline
      (NA), dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were measured in forebrain
      and hindbrain regions at 14, 21, 28, and 42 days postnatal age in genetically
      sensitive or resistant strains of mice. An in vivo estimate of tyrosine and
      tryptophan hydroxylase activity was obtained at the same ages by following the
      accumulation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)
      respectively, after the administration of a centrally effective L-amino acid
      decarboxylase inhibitor (R04-4602, 800 mg/kg). At 14 days, there was a faster
      rate of accumulation of DOPA in both the forebrain and hindbrain of the sensitive
      mice compared to mice of the nonsensitive strain. At 21 days, the age of maximal
      sensitivity in the sensitive mice, the levels of NA were significantly lower in
      both regions of the sensitive mice, but the accumulation of DOPA was similar
      between strains at this age. There was also a slightly lower level of 5-HT in the
      forebrain of sensitive mice at 21 days accompanied by a slower rate of
      accumulation of 5-HTP in this region. In the hindbrain of the sensitive animals
      however, the rate of accumulation of 5-HTP was faster than in the sensitive
      strain. At 28 days, some impairment in mechanisms within NA-containing neurons in
      the sensitive mice was still apparent (including lower NA levels). At 42 days,
      there were no differences in amine levels, however, the levels of accumulated
      DOPA and 5-HTP were significantly lower in the sensitive strain. The results
      suggest that in the sensitive mice, developmental differences in mechanisms of
      monoamine storage and/or synthesis may exist which could contribute to deficient
      amounts of physiologically releaseable transmitter.

PMID- 1083763
TI  - Interpretation of the computerized tomographic scan.

PMID- 1083764
TI  - Editorial: Rheumatic diseases: a growing understanding.

PMID- 1083765
TI  - Deoxynucleotide-polymerizing enzyme activities in T- and B-cells of acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia origin.
AB  - All 5 thymus-dependent cell (T-cell) lines (Molt-3; Molt-4; RPMI-8402; CCRF-CEM;
      CCRF-HSB-2) and 7 thymus-independent cell (B-cell) lines (RPMI-8382, RPMI-8392,
      RPMI-8412, RPMI-8422, RPMI-8432, RPMI-8442, CCRF-SB) established so far from
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients were examined for deoxynucleotide
      polymerizing enzymes. All T- and B-cells had DNA polymerase gamma, DNA polymerase
      beta, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase both in the soluble (the latter 2
      enzymes only in small amounts) and chromatin fraction, whereas DNA polymerase
      alpha was found only in the soluble fraction. With respect to their sedimentation
      and chromatographic behavior, template-primer requirements, Km for deoxythymidine
      triphosphate or deoxyguanosine triphosphate divalent cation preference, effect of
      NaCI and inhibitors, the enzymes from T- and B-cells resembled each other and
      those from other mammalian cells. DNA polymerase alpha, beta, and gamma from T
      cells like those from "fresh" acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, were more
      thermolabile than those from B-cells or phytohemagglutinin-stimulated normal
      lymphocytes. In addition, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase from the
      above cells was completely inactivated in 5 to 6 min at 50 degrees, whereas the
      DNA polymerase alpha, beta, and gamma retained considerable activity even after
      heating for 25 min at 50 degrees. DNA polymerase activity of the soluble fraction
      from T-cells was of the same magnitude as in B-cells when expressed on a DNA
      basis but twice that of B-cells when expressed on a protein basis. High terminal
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity, equivalent to that observed in acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia cells, was found in all T-cell lines that, when expressed
      on a DNA basis, was 30 to 100 times higher than the B-cell lines tested. These
      results support the suggestion of earlier investigators that T-cell lines
      examined here may have originated from leukemic cells.

PMID- 1083766
TI  - Cytodynamics in the thymus of young adult mice: a quantitative study on the loss
      of thymic blast cells and non-proliferative small thymocytes.
AB  - Cell proliferation and cell loss in the thymic blast cell population were studied
      in young adult mice by (1) stathmokinetic methods combined with an analysis of
      the PLMe-curve after a pulse 3H-TdR, and (2) nigrosin-dye exclusion combined with
      3H-TdR-autoradiography. It was calculated that about 17 percent of the blast
      cells do not progress into mitosis within the period of an average cell cycle.
      The dye exclusion studies indicated a rate of blast cell death of about 2-5
      percent/hr. The two methods of assessing blast cell loss (death) support each
      other very well. In spite of these findings scintillation countings on thymuses
      removed from 1 to 17 hr after 3H-TdR injection showed fairly constant levels of
      thymic radioactivity. This suggests a very extensive reutilization of 3H-labelled
      break-down products from dying blast cells. The very sparse labelling of pyknotic
      thymocytes strongly suggests that thymic blast cells do not become pyknotic. The
      rate of small thymocyte production and disappearance was studied by pulse and
      repeated 3H-TdR labelling techniques combined with dye exclusion studies and
      pyknotic counts. The data from the repeated labelling experiment were analysed by
      use of a model based on the assumption of first order kinetics of small viable,
      dead, and pyknotic thymocytes. The rate of cell production was estimated to 1-6
      percent/hr whereas the rates of cell loss due to disintegration, i.e. supravital
      stainability and nuclear pyknosis, were calculated to 0-02 percent/hr and 0-0006
      percent/hr respectively. Cell loss due to disintegration was less than 2 percent
      of the total loss of small thymocytes. It was concluded that pyknotic counts are
      a useless method of assessing the cell death in the population of thymic blast
      cells and small thymocytes. On the basis of a model for thymocyte proliferation,
      production and loss it is suggested that about 45 percent of the small viable
      thymocytes re-enter the generative cell pool, whereas about 55 percent disappear
      by emigration.

PMID- 1083767
TI  - The size, density, and relative area of chromatic granules ("hydrogenosomes") in
      Trichomonas vaginalis Donne from cultures in logarithmic and stationary growth.
AB  - Electron micrographs of Trichomonas vaginalis cells were examined
      morphometrically by means of an electronic image analyser. Cells from cultures in
      logarithmic growth contained smaller chromatic granules ("hydrogenosomes") and a
      higher proportion of sausage- or dumb-bell-shaped granules than did cells in
      stationary growth. These findings support the view that chromatic granules
      replicate by division of pre-existing granules and that this involves elongation
      and attenuation of their mid-region. The total area of cross sectioned granules
      occupied the same percentage of the cytoplasm of cells from cultures in
      logarithmic and stationary growth. The density of chromatic granules in the
      cytoplasm was identical for the two groups of cells.

PMID- 1083768
TI  - Fenestrated blood capillaries in rat cranio-spinal sensory ganglia.
AB  - Several fenestrated capillaries were seen in the endoneurium of trigeminal and
      dorsal root ganglia from two young adult albino rats treated with
      tetraethylthiuram disulfide. The finding is regarded as normal, although the
      possibility exists that intoxication with tetraethylthiuram disulfide may have
      enhanced the intensity and/or rate of this cytologic specialization of some
      isolated endothelial cells.

PMID- 1083769
TI  - The lymphocyte inhibiting factor extracted from the thymus (LIFT): inhibition of
      the DNA synthesis in vitro.

PMID- 1083770
TI  - Enteric migration of radiolabeled lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083771
TI  - Stimulation of antibody production to the hapten, 2,4-dinitrobenzene by affinity
      labeled murine lymphoid cells. II. Suppressive activity of an excess of
      thymocytes.

PMID- 1083772
TI  - EA rosette forming lymphoid cells: distribution as to cell types and organs from
      chickens of different developmental stages.

PMID- 1083773
TI  - Inhibition of the in vitro 19S and 7S antibody response by immunoglobulin-binding
      factor (IBF) from alloantigen-activated T cells.

PMID- 1083775
TI  - [Electroimpulsotherapy in severe bleeding during pregnancy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083774
TI  - [The use of aprotinin in hypotonic uterine bleeding (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083776
TI  - [Significance of uterine tamponade in contemporary obstetrics (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083777
TI  - ["Pertussoid" respiratory disease in a 4-months-old infant with alpha 1
      antitrypsin deficiency].

PMID- 1083778
TI  - [The proof of haemorrhage into the intestinal canal by means of arteriography and
      its stoppage (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083779
TI  - The source of bleeding in portal hypertension.

PMID- 1083780
TI  - Comparison of coronary artery bypass procedure: saphenous vein graft versus
      internal mammary artery graft.

PMID- 1083781
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass grafting in a child with coronary artery obstruction due to
      mucocutaneous lymphnode syndrome: report of a case.
AB  - A four-year-old boy with a myocardial infarct and total occlusion of the right
      coronary and the left anterior descending coronary arteries due to mucocoutaneous
      lymphnode syndrome (MCLS). confirmed by selective coronary arteriography,
      underwent successful double aortocoronary bypass grafting. Patency of the grafts
      was demonstrated by graft angiography and the improvement of the contractile
      pattern of the left ventricle was reflected by the increase in ejection fraction
      from 0.45 to 0.61. This is the first patient successfully treated by
      aortocoronary bypass grafting for coronary artery obstructive lesions due to
      MCLS. This experience has demonstrated the feasibility of surgical management in
      a child with coronary artery obstruction due to MCLS. However, there are
      unanswered questions regarding the fate of the saphenous vein graft in relation
      to the growth of a child. Long-term clinical and angiographic follow-ups are
      mandatory to determine the significance of this mode of surgical treatment for
      the sequela of MCLS.

PMID- 1083782
TI  - Secondary immunodeficiency in miliary tuberculosis.
AB  - Cell-mediated immune response was investigated in fifteen patients with miliary
      tuberculosis. Delayed hypersensitivity skin test with "recall" antigens PPD and
      SKSD was positive in two and one patients respectively. An irritant dose of DNCB
      failed to induce non-specific inflammatory response in the skin of thirteen
      patients and the same patients also did not develop contact sensitivity to DNCB.
      Leucocyte migration test in the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was also
      negative in eight of eleven patients studied. The proportion of E rosette-forming
      cells was found to be significantly depressed, though the proportion of EAC
      rosette-forming cells did not show any abnormality. On repeat skin tests in five
      patients after 3 months of chemotherapy and clinical improvement four showed a
      positive PPD and DNCB response. It was concluded that there is a marked degree of
      secondary immunodeficiency in miliary tuberculosis.

PMID- 1083783
TI  - Antibodies binding polyriboadenylic acid in systemic lupus erythematosus.
      Immunochemical characterization and isolation by affinity chromatography.
AB  - Antibodies specific for polyriboadenylic acid (poly rA) are present in sera from
      patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and from  NZB/NZW F1 mice. The
      specificity of these antibodies was established by inhibition of [3H]poly rA
      binding and by affinity chromatography. Poly rA binding was associated with the
      19S and 7S regions when serum was fractionated by sucrose density gradient
      untracentrifugation. Young NZB/NZW F1 mice (1-5 months) had only 19S anti-poly
      rA, whereas old NZB/NZW F1 mice (2 years) had activity in both 19S and 7S
      regions, suggesting a possible age-dependent switching mechanism in the
      spontaneous development of antibodies to nucleic acids. The gamma-globulin
      fraction from an SLE patient was subjected to affinity chromatography on a column
      of poly rA covalently linked to Sepharose. An enriched population of IgG
      antibodies binding only poly rA, but not native or denatured DNA, was isolated in
      this manner. This procedure may have broad biological applicability for the
      preparation of isolated immunospecific anti-nucleic acid antibodies.

PMID- 1083784
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations, serum IgE and total eosinophil counts in patients with
      bronchial asthma.
AB  - Absolute T and B lymphocytes, total eosinophil counts (TEC), and serum IgE levels
      were studied in twenty-three asthmatic subjects. Compared to a mean peripheral T
      lymphocyte count of 1620+/-486/mm3 in twenty control subjects, the mean value in
      the asthmatic patients was depressed significantly at 1192+/-4 12 (P less than 0
      005). T lymphopenia was observed in ten of twenty-three patients (43%). The serum
      IgE was elevated above the upper limits of 507 mug/ml in six of seventeen
      patients. TEC above 250/mm3 was observed in twelve of seventeen subjects. T
      lymphopenia and hyper-immunoglobulinaemia E were each associated with
      hypereosinophilia. No correlation was observed between T lymphopenia and
      hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E.

PMID- 1083785
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in the rheumatoid diseases. I. Skin testing and mitogenic
      responses in sero-negative arthritides.
AB  - Cellular immunity has been investigated in patients with various kinds of sero
      negative arthritis. The incidence of cutaneous response to recall antigen
      streptokinase-streptodornase (SK-SD), and the ability to mount a primary
      cutaneous response to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) have been examined in patients
      with ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. The results were not
      significantly different from normal. In vitro lymphocyte transformation in the
      presence of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed
      mitogen (PWM) has been measured using peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients
      with ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and Reiter's disease. In
      comparison with a control group, significantly reduced responses were found to a
      low dose of PHA in the ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter disease patients.
      Significant increase in response occurred to a high dose of PHA, in patients with
      psoriatic arthritis and Reiter's disease, and to PWM in Reiter's disease
      patients. The in vitro results in the ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis
      and Reiter's disease patients suggest some abnormality in the T-cell population
      in sero-negative arthritis.

PMID- 1083786
TI  - In vitro stimulation of murine lymphoid cell cultures by levamisole.
AB  - Levamisole has been reported to act as an immunological adjuvant. Experiments
      reported here on the effect of this agent on a variety of murine lymphoid culture
      systems were designed to gain an insight into its mechanism of action. We have
      found levamisole to be a weak mitogen for mouse spleen cells producing a dose
      related response which peaks at 48 hr in culture. The drug acted to augment the
      response of spleen cells to sub-optimal concentrations of concanavalin A, but had
      no unusual effect on the lipopolysaccharide stimulation of B-cell DNA synthesis
      in vitro. Levamisole was directly stimulatory on enriched T-cell populations and
      was found to have two actions: (1) to stimulate a subpopulation of T cells and
      (2) to augment the response of suboptimal mitogen concentrations of concanavalin
      A. In addition, we have found that murine thymocytes stimulated by concanavalin A
      were greatly potentiated in the presence of levamisole, but this population of
      cells could not be stimulated directly by the drug.

PMID- 1083787
TI  - Formation of auto-rosettes by peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - A mean of 3-4% (0-5-19-5%) of the peripheral blood lymphocytes of normal adults
      were shown to bind three or more autologous erythrocytes in vitro to form auto
      rosettes. Marked individual fluctuations were observed. Increased percentages
      were observed in patients with cancer, but not in other selected groups,
      including a group who had undergone thymectomy for myasthenia gravis. Auto
      rosette formation was shown to be a property of T cells by the demonstration of
      (a) simultaneous binding of autologous and sheep erythrocytes, (b) non-inhibition
      of auto-rosette formation by anti-immunoglobulin, and (c) formation of auto
      rosettes by mitogen-stimulated T blasts. Auto rosette formation is a property of
      high percentages of human thymocytes, and of lymphocytes treated with
      neuraminidase or stimulated to blast-cell trans-formation by phytomitogens. It is
      suggested that auto-rosette formation by these cells is related to their
      relatively low content of cell-coat sialic acid, as compared with untreated T
      lymphocytes. The possible influence of the cell coat on lymphocyte function is
      discussed briefly.

PMID- 1083788
TI  - Is there a greater incidence of color-vision deficiencies in learning-disabled
      children?

PMID- 1083789
TI  - Editorial: Kartagner's syndrome: a pediatric responsibility.

PMID- 1083790
TI  - Coronary artery aneurysm. A review of the literature with a report of 11 new
      cases.
AB  - In a prospective study, 11 (1.5 percent) of 742 patients had angiographically
      proven coronary artery aneurysms. The clinical picture was similar to that of
      patients with severe coronary artery disease. The coronary artery aneurysms were
      multiple and were associated with extensive coronary atherosclerosis in ten of
      the 11 patients. Left ventricular function was impaired when measured by end
      diastolic pressure, end-diastolic volume, and ejection fraction. Segmental left
      ventricular contraction was severely abnormal. The abnormality of segmental
      contraction, distribution of coronary artery obstructions, an presence of
      collateral circulation were not different from other patients with severe
      occlusive coronary atherosclerosis. These 11 cases plus the 23 previously
      reported ante mortem form the total reported in world literature. The etiology of
      cornonary artery aneurysms is most commonly atherosclerosis (17/34, or 50
      percent). The natural history of this condition is not known. Because of the
      severe atherosclerosis and poor distal-vessel run-off, most patients are not
      considered good surgical condidates; however, 15 patients have had coronary
      arterial surgery, and 13 have survived the immediate postoperative period with
      some improvement of symptoms.

PMID- 1083791
TI  - Kartagener's syndrome with corrected transposition. Conducting system studies and
      coronary arterial occlusion complicating valvular replacement.
AB  - An 18-year-old man whose sister has classic Kartagener's syndrome was found to
      have sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and corrected transposition with normal visceral
      situs. Congenital complete heart block was secondary to absence of conducting
      system pathways between a small posterior atrioventricular node and the
      transposed His bundle and bundle branches. No anterior atrioventricular node was
      present. Prosthetic valvular replacement of the left-sided (morphologic right)
      atrioventricular valve was complicated by coronary arterial occlusion by suture,
      with subsequent myocardial infarction. The case appears to represent an unusual
      variant of Kartagener's syndrome with the abnormality of laterality being
      expressed as corrected transposition.

PMID- 1083792
TI  - The relative efficacy of vestibular-proprioceptive stimulation and the upright
      position in enhancing visual pursuit in neonates.
AB  - 48 healthy neonates born to multiparae were randomly assigned to view a moving
      stimulus either in the horizontal or the upright position, with or without added
      vestibular stimulation and with or without pacifier sucking. The infant was shown
      a moving black line inside a strictly controlled visual environment provided by
      an apparatus which permitted horizontal and upright positioning and displacement
      of the infant. Visual tracking was recorded by a concealed TV camera positioned
      at a constant distance and angle from the infants' eyes in both positions.
      Quality of tracking during each of 4 trials was scored on a 7-point scale.
      Results indicate that vestibularproprioceptive stimulation provided to the infant
      either horizontally or semivertically significantly enhanced his visual tracking,
      whereas the upright position did not. Pacifier sucking also improved his
      performace.

PMID- 1083793
TI  - [Functional interactions of the brain serotonin- and noradrenergic systems during
      training].

PMID- 1083794
TI  - [Letter: Occult blood in feces].

PMID- 1083795
TI  - [Collagenous fibrillogenesis in the damaged arterial intima].
AB  - Development of fibromuscular hyperplasia of the intima (intimal thickening) as a
      characteristic reparative reaction of the intimal tissue was found in the carotid
      artery and abdominal aorta after an increased mechanical loading during
      experimental stenosis by means of optical and electronic microscopic examinations
      of the arterial wall. In children, whose death was caused by rheumatism at
      various phases of the disease in the coronary artery there was also focal diffuse
      intimal hyperplasia. Both in the experimental and in the rheumatic injuries of
      the arteries in the thickened intima there was more scarce infiltration with
      plasmatic proteins and lipids were discovered. An inference was made for
      interferention of serum insudation with collagenous synthesis in the damaged and
      reparative thickening of the arterial intima.

PMID- 1083796
TI  - [Neuromuscular diseases during algo-neurodystrophies. Electromyographic and
      histologic considerations. Physiotherapeutic deductions].

PMID- 1083797
TI  - Increase of serum free thyroxine after propylthiouracil in vitro or its peroral
      administration to rats.
AB  - After the addition of 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) (2.4 mg/ml) in vitro to the
      normal human serum a two fold increase of dialyzable free thyroxine fraction
      (%FT4) was found. The addition of the same PTU dose to the serum of intact Wistar
      rats caused up to 4 fold increase of this fraction. After the addition of
      increasing doses of PTU (40--400 ng/ml) a linear increase of FT4 was found in
      human serum, while in rat serum a nonlinear dose-response relationship was
      observed. After a single peroral administration of PTU to rats (42 mg PTU per
      animal) the serum PTU level reached the maximum (55 ng PTU/ml) after one hour and
      then decreased very slowly. The free thyroxine fraction also increased up to 150%
      of control value, but this maximum increase was observed one hour to later then
      the maximum PTU level. Then the values of %FT4 rapidly decreased to the initial
      value. Such effect of PTU in vivo was about twofold greater than that obtained in
      the rat serum in vitro under the same actual PTU level. The results were compared
      with similar effect of thiocyanate reported previously and it was shown that the
      effect of PTU both in vitro and in vivo is greater than that of equimolar levels
      of thiocyanate.

PMID- 1083798
TI  - Further studies on response of blood thyroid hormone level to its acute depletion
      by isovolemic exchange transfusion.
AB  - Groups of rats weighing about 400 g and fed low iodine diet for 16 days were
      injected with 125I- daily from day 8 to 14. Two days later their blood thyroid
      hormone was acutely depleted with an isovolemic exchange transfusion of hormone
      free blood cell suspension. Relative changes of total plasma radioactivity and
      iodinated compounds were measured at frequent intervals, maintaining isovolemia
      of the recipient animal. In normal animals a post-transfusion decrease of total
      plasma radioactivity was related to the degree of exchange of total blood volume
      as was the post-transfusion increase to the initial level. No post-transfusion
      increase of total plasma radioactivity or labeled thyroxine was found in
      thyreidectomized animals. On the other hand, in normal animals a post-transfusion
      increase of plasma labelled thyroxine was observed. A linear increase of labeled
      iodide in plasma was found in both normal and thyroidectomized rats, the
      mechanism of which in thyroidectomized animals may be explained by a reflux of
      iodide from peripheral tissues to the blood. In normal animals a TSH-induced
      release of iodide from thyroid due to TSH action may participate in this
      phenomenon.

PMID- 1083799
TI  - Effect of gamma irradiation on biological activity of thyrotropin.
AB  - The biological activity of thyrotropin (TSH) was tested after sterilization by
      0.5 and 12.5 Mrad of gamma irradiation. It was found that the biological activity
      (McKenzie's assay) of TSH irradiated in dry state was not affected during the
      first month after sterilization by doses of 0.5 and 2.5 Mrad. However,
      substantial decrease of TSH biological activity was observed 3--5 months after
      the irradiation, the lower activity being after the former dose. The irradiation
      of TSH by 12.5 Mrad in dry state and by 0.5 and 2.5 Mrad in solution resulted in
      a decrease of biological activity already during first month. The structural
      changes in the molecule of TSH were apparently not very extensive, since a
      decrease of disulfide bonds from 0.96 to 0.77 M per 1M of TSH was found
      immediately after the irradiation, while UV absorbancy and electrophoretic
      mobility on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were unaffected. These changes
      were followed by the decrease of TSH stability during storage in dry state. It is
      hypothesized that TSH molecule may be affected in beta subunit or in its
      connection with alpha.

PMID- 1083800
TI  - Effect of vasotocin on plasma GH, free fatty acids and glucose in coho salmon
      (Oncorhynchus kisutch).
AB  - Coho salmon fry were injected intraperitoneally with 50 mul of saline containing
      either 15 or 150 mU arginine vasotocin. Blood was collected 30 min and 120 min
      post-injection for estimations of hematocrit, plasma glucose, free fatty acids
      and growth hormone. Vasotocin injections of 150 mU, unlike those of 15 mU, caused
      a lowering of the blood hematocrit. Plasma levels of glucose, free fatty acids
      and growth hormone increased following injections of 15 mU vasotocin. The higher
      concentration of vasotocin (150 mU) decreased plasma levels of glucose (at 120
      min post-injection), free fatty acids (at 30 min post-injection) and growth
      hormone (at 120 min post-injection). It thus appears that vasotocin is an
      antidiuretic hormone in coho salmon and it is suggested that glucogenic and
      lipolytic effect of vasotocin are mediated via growth hormone.

PMID- 1083801
TI  - 18-hydroxylated steroids in human hypertension - clinical study.
AB  - The detection of two unknown urinary steroids called x and y in various patients
      was previously reported. Compound x was tentatively characterized as a derivative
      of dihydro-18-hydroxy-DOC with two additional polar groups. In this communication
      clinical observations of a set of 25 hypertensive patients are presented.
      Compound x alone was found in 4 cases, compound y alone 4 cases and both compound
      x and y in 5 cases. In several other cases, hypokalemia and/or a decreased
      urinary Na+/K+ ratio were found.

PMID- 1083802
TI  - Mineralocorticoid like effect of new 18-hydroxy-steroid isolated from urine of
      hypertensive patients.
AB  - The affinity of new urinary 18-hydroxy-steroid (Cp x) for mineralocorticoid
      receptors was estimated. When rat kidney slices were incubated with 2 x 10(-9) M
      3H-aldosterone, Cp x (2 x 10(-5) M) was able to compete with aldosterone for the
      mineralocorticoid cytosol receptors. Cp x had low but significant affinity for
      mineralocorticoid receptor sites. This affinity was less than that obtained with
      18-OH-progesterone. Moreover, in the adrenalectomized rats, the injection of Cp x
      induced a decrease of urinary Na+/K+ ratio which seems comparable to that
      obtained with 18-OH-progesterone.

PMID- 1083803
TI  - Protracted milk-ejecting effect of some oxytocin analogues in rats.
AB  - Protracted effect of [2-0-methyltyrosine]-deamino-1-carba-oxytocin, [2-0
      methyltyrosine]-oxytocin and its dimeric form was studied on the mammary gland of
      lactating rat in vivo. Biphasic course of biological response found for monomers
      and slow onset of response observed for dimer led to the assumption that the
      substances behaved like hormonogens.

PMID- 1083804
TI  - Effect of calcitonin on fracture healing in rats.
AB  - The influence of calcitonin on the healing of a fracture of tibial diaphysis in
      young rats has been studied with the aid of 85Sr investigations. The animals were
      subdivided into four groups (with facture + calcitonin, with fracture and no
      calcitonin, without fracture but with calcitonin treatment and intact controls).
      During the experimental period up to the day 38, repeated applications of
      calcitonin and 85Sr along with measurements of different parameters followed.
      These parameters consisted of: total body weights, 85Sr contents in the fractured
      and opposite tibiae, total body radioactivity of 85Sr, the weights of dried bones
      dissected after the day 38, the weights of bone ashes and the specific activity
      of 85Sr in the ashes. Increased 85Sr-uptake was seen as a sign of increased
      mineralisation of the callus. Calcitonin suppressed the resorption of bone during
      the callus formation and enhanced the mineralisation of callus to some extent.
      The main influence of calcitonin was seen to reduce the whole-body metabolic
      response to a localized skeletal injury--the fracture. The possible importance of
      this finding for the clinical practice is discussed briefly.

PMID- 1083805
TI  - Immunological investigations in two brothers with ataxia telangiectasia Louis
      Bar.
AB  - Two of three brothers with the classical signs of ataxia telangiectasia were
      investigated for their immunological disorders at the ages of 13 and 16 years,
      respectively. The elder brother also suffers from autoimmune hemolytic anemia, a
      complication which has not yet been described in the course of ataxia
      telangiectasia. Immunological investigations made in both brothers showed a
      reduction in the number and function of T lymphocytes. The number of B
      lymphocytes was normal, among which there were cells staining for IgA, although
      serum IgA was absent. It seems possible that this phenomenon is caused by a
      disturbance in the process of maturation of lymphoid cells with a lack of
      differentiation into IgA-synthesizing plasma cells.

PMID- 1083806
TI  - In vitro elimination of oocyte melanosomes from the retinal rudiment of the frog,
      Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1083807
TI  - Letter: Further observations on the uptake of (3H)glycine by the isolated retina
      of the frog.

PMID- 1083808
TI  - Normal colony stimulating factor (CSF) production by bone marrow stromal cells
      and abnormal granulopoiesis with decreased CFUc in S1/S1d mice.
AB  - The concentration of CFUC and the production of stromal-derived CSF in the femora
      of S1/S1d mice were determined. There was a lower concentration CFUC and a
      smaller total number of nucleated cells in the femoral marrow of WCB6. S1/S1d
      (S1/S1d) mice than in WCB6. +/+/(+/+) mice or in C57B1/6. +/+ (C57Bl) mice. On
      the other hand stromal-derived CSF production by femora from S1/S1d mice did not
      differ significantly from that of +/+'s. These observations indicate that the
      microenvironmental defect of S1/S1d mice results in decreased growth of
      granulocytic precursors as well as those of erythroid and megakaryocytic cells.
      This is consistent with the reported decrease in multipotential stem cell
      proliferation. Stromal cell derived CSF production was normal and could not be
      implicated in the decreased production of granulocytic precursors.

PMID- 1083809
TI  - The avian pineal organ. Distribution of exogenous indoleamines: a qualitative
      study of the rudimentary photoreceptor cells by electron microscopic
      radioautography.
AB  - The uptake of 5-hydroxytryptophan (3H-5-HTP) and serotonin (3H-5-HT) and their
      distribution have been demonstrated, at the ultrastructural level, in the
      secretory rudimentary photoreceptor cells (SRP cells), in the pineal organ of the
      parakeet and the duck. In vivo experiments. When the parakeets were injected with
      3H-5-HTP alone or pretreated with drugs interfering with monoamine metabolism
      (e.g. R04-4602, nialamide) prior to injection of the label, the SRP cells always
      exhibited specific radioautographic reactions, in the regions of the dense
      secretory granules of the cell body and asynaptic pedicles. The labeling
      concentration avried quantitatively with time (interval between injection of the
      label and sacrifice) and drugs used. In vitro experiments. The uptake of 3H-5-HTP
      and 3H-5-HT in the pineal organ of the duck has also been studied, using an
      incubation procedure. The results with the two precursors confirmed those
      obtained "in vivo" with the parakeet. From these results it is suggested that the
      uptake of precursors in some compartments of SRP cells is qualitatively
      independent of: a) the experimental period (experiments performed in winter,
      spring, and summer; uptake of precursors between 11.00 a.m. and 12.00) b) the
      precursor (3H-5-HTP or 3H-5-HT) c) the observation times. It is concluded that
      the SRP cell, an important step in the cytological and functional evolution of
      the pineal organ (Collin, 1969, 1971), is responsible for the synthesis of 5-HT.
      The metabolism of 5-HT seems also possible in such cells.

PMID- 1083810
TI  - Regeneration in haploid tissue in Rana pipiens embryos.

PMID- 1083811
TI  - [Accelerated method of preparing tiger ointment and its analysis].

PMID- 1083812
TI  - [Polarographic and oscillopolarographic behavior of vitamins A and D 2 and
      simultaneous determination by oscillopolarography of the 2 vitamins dissolved in
      oil].

PMID- 1083813
TI  - Light-activated rhodopsin phosphorylation may control light sensitivity in
      isolated rod outer segments.

PMID- 1083814
TI  - A polyamide support for solid-phase protein sequencing.

PMID- 1083815
TI  - Star-nosed mole eaten by bullfrog.

PMID- 1083816
TI  - Expression of teratoma-associated antigens on murine ova and early embryos.
      Identification of two early differentiation markers.

PMID- 1083817
TI  - Frog lysozyme. II. Isozymes of lysozyme during the larval development of the
      leopard frog, Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1083818
TI  - [Chronic hepatitis].

PMID- 1083819
TI  - [Immunological findings in hepatitis].

PMID- 1083820
TI  - Splanchnic hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices and
      gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Twenty cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices and an episode of
      gastrointestinal bleeding within the previous week underwent hemodynamic studies
      which used an indicator dilution technique based on selective catheterization of
      the splanchnic arteries and hepatic vein. Portasystemic shunting of splenic
      arterial flow averaged 95% (range 80 to 100%) in 17 patients with proved variceal
      bleeding, but only 8% in 3 who bled from another site. Superior mesenteric
      shunting averaged 70% (range 27 to 100%) in those who bled from varices, and no
      shunting was detectable in the nonvariceal bleeders. In at least 4 patients
      shunting was essentially complete from both beds. In 11 others, however, more
      than one-third of mesenteric flow still perfused the liver. The pressure gradient
      from the wedge to free position in the hepatic vein and the hepatic blood flow
      bore no relationship to the degree of shunting. These data indicated the
      variability of the splanchnic hemodynamic pattern that may exist in alcoholic
      patients with esophageal varices. If hemodynamic factors are important in
      determining the response to surgery, indicator dilution studies to quantitate
      portasystemic shunting may be a vital part of preoperative evaluation.

PMID- 1083821
TI  - Cholestasis in infancy. Status report and conceptual approach.

PMID- 1083822
TI  - Metabolic requirements for melanophore-stimulating hormone (MSH) secretion.

PMID- 1083823
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin 15(R) 15 methyl-E2 methyl ester on aspirin and
      taurocholic acid-induced gastric mucosal haemorrhage in rats.
AB  - The effect of orally administered prostaglandin 15(R)15 methyl-E2 methyl ester on
      aspirin and taurocholic acid-induced gastric mucosal haemorrhage has been studied
      in rats. The incidence of haemorrhage induced by aspirin (26-7 mM), 64 mg/kg,
      together with taurocholic acid (2-5 mM), was significantly reduced from 53-6% to
      19-5% by the addition of the prostaglandin (9-9 muM), P less than 0.01. The
      incidence of haemorrhage induced by aspirin alone (53-3 mM), 128 mg/kg, was
      significantly reduced from 80% to 20% by the addition of prostaglandin (9-9 muM),
      P less than 0.002. These results indicate the possible use of synthetic
      prostaglandins in the prevention of aspirin-induced gastric pathology.

PMID- 1083824
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhosis: clinical and endoscopic
      correlations.
AB  - The clinical data of 180 episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in 168
      patients with cirrhosis of the liver are examined. The source of bleeding had
      been determined by early endoscopy in all cases. In men under the age of 50
      years, and without symptoms of liver failure, bleeding was due to ruptured gastro
      oesophageal varices in 84% of cases. Severe liver failure was associated with
      acute lesions of gastric mucosa in many cases. No presumptive diagnosis of the
      source of haemorrhage could be based on the examination of other clinical data
      (presence of ascites, mode of presentation and pattern of bleeding, history of
      ulcer disease, alcoholism, and previous medication.

PMID- 1083825
TI  - Comparison of emergent endoscopy and upper gastrointestinal series radiography in
      acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
AB  - A prospective study of early diagnostic procedures in acute upper
      gastrointestinal haemorrhage was conducted in a series of 76 patients. The
      diagnostic procedures included upper gastrointestinal series radiography (UGIS)
      and endoscopy (ENDO). The clinicians' diagnosis and management improved in a
      statistically significant way as a result of the findings of endoscopy. The
      findings of UGIS did not significantly improve diagnostic accuracy and resulted
      in a statistically significant adverse effect on patient management. The results
      suggest that endoscopy is more effective in promoting early accurate diagnosis
      and management in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

PMID- 1083826
TI  - Polymorphism of alpha1-antitrypsin in a Portuguese population.
AB  - Serum Pi phenotypes were studied in 219 samples. The MM phenotype was the most
      common as in all other populations. The frequencies of PiS and PiZ were high
      considering other populations. PiF was not detected.

PMID- 1083827
TI  - [Evidence for reduced colour vision in carriers of congenital colour vision
      deficiencies (author's transl)].
AB  - The ability to recognize small spots of coloured light in parafoveal regions of
      the retina was investigated in women heterozygous for protanopia (2 subjects),
      deuteranopia (2 subjects), or deuteranomaly (1 subject) and in 3 normal subjects.
      The homozygous colour normals had excellent discrimination up to 8 degrees
      excentricity, whereas in heterozygous carriers of congenital colour vision
      deficiencies the ability to differentiate colours varied from point to point
      within the retina. The results may be explained by assuming the existence of
      alternating patches of trichromatic and dichromatic cell populations with the
      retina of the heterozygous carriers.

PMID- 1083828
TI  - Changes in thymocyte reactivity to lectins induced by B-cell mitogens of the type
      of sulphated polyanions.
AB  - Dextran sulphate, polyvinyl sulphate and carrageenan (but not the other
      polyanions tested, such as poly I:poly C, poly-L-glutamic acid or E. coli
      lipopolysaccharide) act synergisticaly with PHA on mouse thymocyte stimulation,
      as measured by thymidine uptake and blast cell transformation. Furthermore the
      active compounds shift the dose response of thymocytes to Con A. The effect could
      be observed in four different strains of mice tested by using normal or cortisone
      resistant thymocytes. Two possibilities are envisaged for explanation of these
      effects: (a) attachment of polyanions by their anionic groups to cell surface
      constituents and interaction of the sulphate groups of the polymers with plant
      lectins; and (b) modification of the cell membrane induced by sulphated polymers
      changing either the binding capacity or the effectiveness of the membrane
      associated events leading to thymocyte stimulation by the lectins.

PMID- 1083829
TI  - Rabbit lymphoid cells. I. T-cell mitogens, cell volume and adherence properties
      as probes for cellular heterogeneity.
AB  - Thymus-derived cell populations were characterized by sedimentation velocity in
      the Earth's gravitational field, by adherence properties, and in terms of the
      thymus-specific antigen RTLA. T cells, responding to mitogens, could be shown to
      be a subpopulation of RTLA-bearing cells and to have a relatively large volume.
      The size distribution of mitogen-responsive cells from different individuals
      showed some variation, but in general large spleen cells took up less thymidine
      per 10(6) cells than did large cells from other lymphoid organs. Upon stimulation
      with concanavalin A (con A) small popliteal lymph node cells took up more
      thymidine per 10(6) cells than did small thymus cells. The corresponding small
      cells of mesenteric lymph node and spleen took up intermediate quantities of
      thymidine. Thymus-derived cells that were resistant to complement-mediated cell
      kill with RTLA antiserum showed greater responsiveness to con A than did the
      original cell preparations. Non-adherent cells incorporated more thymidine when
      stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) than when they were stimulated with con
      A. Lightly adherent cells were relatively more responsive to con A stimulation
      and firmly adherent cells were less responsive to both. The findings were
      discussed in terms of the density of RTLA on the membranes of T cells. In
      adherence and in sedimentation velocity fractionation, the relative yield of
      nucleated cells always exceeded the yield of PHA-  and con A-responsive cells.
      The differential separation of mitogen responsive and of co-operating cells were
      considered as a possible cause of this deficit.

PMID- 1083830
TI  - Role of membrane structures in B-lymphocyte activation. The effect of binding
      anti-immunoglobulin, aggregated IgG and immune complexes.
AB  - It is shown that the binding of bivalent anti-immunoglobulin preparations to the
      surface immunoglobulin of murine B lymphocytes as well as the binding of
      aggregates of IgG or immune complexes does not lead to detectable increase in
      cell division in microcultures. Treating lymphocytes with immune complexes and
      aggregated IgG does not abolish the subsequent mitogenic response induced by LPS.
      The background mitosis observed in culture is inhibited with anti-immunoglobulin
      antibodies.

PMID- 1083831
TI  - Central and peripheral action of suppressor cells in contact sensitivity in the
      guinea-pig.
AB  - Suppressor cells were demonstrated in the spleen of guinea-pigs made specifically
      unresponsive to dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) with dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid
      (DNBSO3). Transfusion of these cells at the same time as sensitization with DNFB,
      produced a significant reduction in the immunoblasts proliferating in the
      draining lymph node 4 days later. Transfusion on the day of skin testing produced
      no greater suppression of skin reactivity than cells taken from animals made hypo
      reactive to DNFB by contact with dinitrothiocyanate benzene (DNTB). It is
      concluded that there are at least two sites that suppressor cells can act. In the
      case of total unresponsiveness induced by DNBSO3, action is both central and in
      the periphery. In the case of hyporeactivity induced by DNTB, in which there is
      no defect in proliferation of T cells in response to antigen, the action of these
      cells is confined to the periphery. results of spleen weight studies suggest that
      suppressor cells homing in the spleen respond by proliferation to epicutaneously
      applied DNFB.

PMID- 1083832
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PMID- 1083833
TI  - Selective effect on T and B cell subpopulations in rat lymphoid organs after
      urethan treatment.
AB  - In vitro phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A) responsiveness of
      thymus and bone marrow cells, and E, EA, and EAC rosette-forming cells (E, EA,
      EAC) of these organs and spleen were studied in Fisher rats at various time
      intervals following a carcinogenic treatment with urethan (UR). Immediately after
      treatment, organ cellularities were drastically reduced with a progressive
      recovery as time passed. 1 day after treatment, the response of thymocytes to PHA
      showed a fourfold increase while organ cellularity dropped to 1%. This response
      fell below normal values after 7 days with an overshoot after days 14 and 21. UR
      treated bone marrow cells showed a response to PHA below normal values after 1
      and 7 days, a twofold increase after 3 days and an overshoot after 14 and 21
      days. The responsiveness to Con A of both organs was affected by UR treatment to
      a much lesser extent, although following a pattern similar to that of PHA. E were
      never found, whether in normal nor in UR-treated animals. As far as the B-cell
      compartment is concerned, UR causes a progressive diminution of EAC, while the
      number of EA remains unaffected. The data are discussed in terms of selective
      effect on T- and B-cell subpopulations.

PMID- 1083834
TI  - Effects of cyclophosphamide treatment on the in vitro activity of mouse lymphoid
      cells after nonspecific and specific stimulation.
AB  - A single injection of 300 mg cyclophosphamide (CY)/kg resulted in the mouse in a
      reduction of the numbers of lymphocytes. The minimal values for spleen and
      peripheral lymph nodes (PLN) were about 10% and were reached on day 3. The
      restoration of the spleen started on day 5, while the number of PLN cells was
      still low on day 21. CY treatment followed by immunization resulted in
      accelerated recovery and considerably enhanced cell numbers in both organs.
      Staining with fluorescent antisera revealed that, although the B cell is the main
      target cell of CY action, in the spleen the total percentage of B and T cells
      decreases during the period in which the total cell number increases.
      Immunization diminished the in vitro responsiveness of spleen and PLN cells on
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A), 7 and 11 days later. The
      response of PLN cells on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was, however, strongly enhanced
      on day 7. CY pretreatment of normal and immunized mice yielded cell populations
      which behaved identically on nonspecific stimulation in vitro. Starting 5 days
      after CY, the PHA and Con A responses for spleen cells were impaired, while the
      initial low R values for PLN cells showed a steady increase. Stimulation of CY
      spleen cells with LPS resulted in R values of below 1. Specific in vitro
      stimulation of lymphocytes of immunized mice was performed with sheep red blood
      cells and a hapten-carrier complex. CY treatment before immunization resulted in
      an elimination of the in vitro activity on specific stimulation.

PMID- 1083835
TI  - T lymphocytes in atopic children.
AB  - The number of circulating T and B cells and the sensitivity of lymphocytes to
      stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and pokeweek
      mitogen (PWM) was studied in 233 atopic children. The number of T lymphocytes was
      found to be decreased in cases of rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma as well as atopic
      eczema. Levels of B lymphocytes were normal. Sensitivity to stimulation with PHA
      and to a lesser degree, Con A, was significantly decreased whereas stimulation
      with PWM was unaffected. The severity of the atopic eczema was inversely
      correlated to T cell numbers. Several lines of evidence indicated that the
      abnormalities observed were intrinsically associated with the atopic conditions
      and not evoked by corticosteroid treatment. The results are compatible with the
      hypothesis that atopy is associated with a defect of a subpopulation of T cells.
      The possibility that this subpopulation has a suppressor function on reagin
      formation is discussed.

PMID- 1083836
TI  - Allergic contact dermatitis in the B-cell deficient chicken.
AB  - Allergic contact dermatitis to oxazolone was induced in three chickens rendered B
      cell deficient by combined chemical bursectomy with testosterone and
      cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 1083837
TI  - Flash photolysis of enzymes.
AB  - The photoionization of aromatic residues constitutes a major initial
      photochemical reaction in the flash photolysis of proteins at gamma greater than
      250 nm. The ejected electrons have been observed as eaq- and the disulphide
      bridge electron adduct, and also must be trapped at unidentified sites. The
      number of tryptophyl (or tyrosyl) residues photo-ionized at 5 musec delay is
      approximately equal to the number of exposed residues. The flash photolysis data
      have been related to inactivation by considering how photolysis of these
      "photolabile" residues can affect enzymic activity, based on the microstructure
      and available information about permanent alterations and residue specificities.
      This analysis indicates that hen lysozyme and papain are inactivated by
      photolysis of an essential Trp residue, that bovine trypsin is inactivated by
      photolysis of a Trp residue adjacent to the key catalytic Ser and other pathways
      initiated by excitation of Tyr and Cys, that the efficient photoionization of Tyr
      and RNase A is not an important inactivating reaction, and that aromatic residues
      in subtilisn Carlsberg are photosensitive.

PMID- 1083838
TI  - Epithelial regeneration of transposed intestine after high doses of X
      irradiation.
AB  - The regeneration capacities of normal and transposed small bowel epithelium were
      compared in rats after applying high doses of X-irradiation. It has been shown
      that the potency of the mucosa to regenerate is much higher than assumed and that
      the mucosa can regenerate after single doses varying from 2000-5000 R. Even in
      the villus epithelium and in flat epithelium covering infiltrates of the lamina
      propria cells survive, which are still able to resume proliferative activity
      several days after irradiation.

PMID- 1083839
TI  - [Effect of gamma rays from 60Co on the in vitro incorporation of palmitic acid in
      lipids of rat liver microsomes].
AB  - The gamma-rays of 60Co cause a diminution in the incorporation of palmitic acid
      in the phosphatidic acids and the neutral fats of rat-liver microsomes. This
      diminution occurs without morphological change in the microsomal membranes, where
      the enzymes responsible for this incorporation are situated. Some evidence is
      offered that lipid peroxides may be involved in this inhibition.

PMID- 1083840
TI  - Binding of radiation-induced phenylalanine radicals to DNA: influence on the
      biological activity of the DNA and on its sensitivity to the induction of breaks
      by gamma-rays.
AB  - When an aqueous solution of double-stranded DNA of bacteriophage PM2 containing
      phenylalanine and saturated with N2O is irradiated with gamma-rays, radiation
      induced phenylalanine radicals are bound covalently. Under the conditions used,
      about 25 phenylalanine molecules may be bound per lethal hit. For single-stranded
      PM2 DNA, most of the phenylalanine radicals bound are non-lethal. Evidence is
      presented that, in double-stranded DNA, an appreciable fraction of the single
      strand breaks is induced by phenylalanine radicals. Radiation products of
      phenylalanine and the phenylalanine bound to the DNA decrease the sensitivity of
      the DNA to the induction of single-strand breaks. There are indications that the
      high efficiency of protection by radiation products of phenylalanine is due to
      their positive charge, which will result in a relatively high concentrations fo
      these compounds in the vicinity of the negatively-charged DNA molecules.

PMID- 1083841
TI  - The r.b.e. of different energy neutrons as measured by the heamatopoietic spleen
      colony technique.
AB  - The spleen-colony technique has been used for determining the relative biological
      effectiveness (r.b.e.) for several energies of neutron radiation. Donor mice were
      exposed for fission and accelerator-generated neutrons at a variety of doses and
      energies. Immediately after exposure, donor bone-marrow was removed from the hind
      legs, and standard amounts were injected intravenously into lethally X-irradiated
      recipients. After 7 days the recipients spleens were evaluated for surface
      colonies. Dose-response curves were obtained for each type of radiation and the
      Do was determined. The neutron r.b.e. values from the Do compared with 250kVp X
      rays were: reactor 1.58, 252Cf 1:59, and accelerator varied from 2.85 at 1.0 Mev
      to 0.85 at 13.4 MeV.

PMID- 1083842
TI  - Letter: Dominant lethal mutations in rats fed on irradiated wheat.

PMID- 1083843
TI  - Enzymatic detection of x-ray-induced strand breaks in nuclear DNA on sections of
      mouse tissue.
AB  - An enzyme-histochemical method was used to detect X-ray-induced strand breaks in
      the DNA of mammalian tissue cells. Paraffin sections of ethanol-fixed mouse brain
      and liver were incubated with three kinds of exogenous DNA polymerizing enzymes,
      and the amount of in situ incorporation of 3H-deoxyribonucleotides into nuclear
      DNA was examined by autoradiography. No increase in labelling intensity was
      observed over nuclei of neurons and astrocytes in cerebral cortex, or over
      hepatocytes in liver immediately after X-irradiation when compared with
      unirradiated specimens. In liver Kupffer cells, heavily-labelled nuclei appeared
      from 30 min to 6 hours after, but were not observed immediately after X
      irradiation. This method cannot, therefore, be applied to detect the strand
      breaks directly induced by X-rays, but it is useful in detecting secondary DNA
      degradation occurring as a result of nuclear degradation.

PMID- 1083844
TI  - Kinetics of nitroxyl radical reactions. A pulse-radiolysis conductivity study.
AB  - Absolute rate-constants for the reaction of the nitroxyl free radicals TAN and
      TMPN with radiation-chemically-formed radicals and ions have been determined.
      k(TAN + X) (in M(-1) sec(-1)=4-0 X 10(9) (for X = OH-), 2-9 X 10(10) (eaq-), 8-0
      X 10(9) (H-), 7-2 X 10(8) (-CH2OH), 4-0 X 10(8) (CH3CHOH), 4-3 X 10(8)
      ((CH3)2COH) 2-8 X 10(8) (-CH2(CH3)2COH), 5-9 X 10(7) (glucose radical), 4-0 X
      10(8) (c-C5H9-), and k(TMPN + X)=3-4 X 10(9) (OH-), 7-8 X 10(9) (eq-), 4-9 X
      10(9) (H-), 4-4 X 10(8) (-CH2OH), 4-9 X 10(8) (CH3CHOH), 3-6 X 10(8) ((CH3)2COH),
      1-5 X 10(8) (-CH2(CH3)2COH), 4-9 X 10(7) (glucose radical), 4-3 X 10(8) (c-C5H9
      ). Direct measurements by means of a pulse-radiolysis conductivity technique were
      based on the formation and destruction of charged species in these reactions
      within certain pH ranges. It is indicated that the radiosensitizing nitroxyls
      undergo both redox and addition reactions.

PMID- 1083845
TI  - The effect of repeated small doses of radiation on recovery from sub-lethal
      damage by Chinese hamster cells irradiated in the plateau phase of growth.
AB  - Unfed plateau-phase cells have been irradiated with either single doses or up to
      ten fractions of X-rays 6 hours apart. The single-dose survival curve had an
      extrapolation number of 11-4, and the oxygen-enhancement ratio (o.e.r.) was 3-1.
      Cells were exposed to multiple fractions of 200 rad or 150 rad in air and 600 rad
      or 450 rad in hypoxia. The resulting survival curves did not fit a multi-target,
      single-hit model of cell survival, being much steeper than that would predict.
      The curves were exponential up to five fractions of X-rays, but tended to bend
      downwards with increasing number of fractions. Cells that had survived five
      fractions of 200 rad (or 600 rad in hypoxia) 6 hours apart, were less able to
      absorb damage as sub-lethal than those which had not previously been exposed to
      radiation. The ratio of the initial slopes of the fractionated survival curves
      for irradiation in air and hypoxia was 2-1, implying that the o.e.r. "on the
      shoulder" may be less than that in the exponential region of survival.

PMID- 1083846
TI  - Effects of 60Co irradiation on unfed adults and engorged females of the tick
      Hyalomma anatolicum.
AB  - Unfed and engorged adults of the cattle tick Hyalomma anatolicum, known to be
      biological vector of Theileria anmulata in India, were exposed to various levels
      of gamma-radiation from 0-60 000 R, and the effect on engorgement and
      redproduction was observed. The radiation tolerance limit for unfed adults is
      1000 R for engorgement and reproduction. The sterilizing dose for most of the
      males is 2000 R but the females can tolerate a slightly higher dose. Engorged
      females have a tolerance limit of 10 000 R for oviposition and 1000 R for larval
      development. Higher dosages (20 000-60 000 R) have adverse effects on
      development, completely inhibiting egg-laying at 60 000 R, but these females (60
      000 R) live longer (10 weeks) than those irradiated at lower levels.

PMID- 1083847
TI  - Phosphate ester cleavage in ribose-5-phosphate induced by OH radicals in
      deoxygenated aqueous solution. The effect of Fe(II) and Fe(III) ions.
AB  - The reaction of OH radicals and H atoms with ribose-5-phosphate (10(-2) M) in
      deoxygenated aqueous solution at room temperature (dose-rate 2-1 X 10(17) eV/ml
      min, dose 5 X 10(18)-15 X 10(18) eV/ml) leads to the following dephosphorylation
      products (G-values): ribo-pentodialdose 1 (0-2), 2-hydroxy-4-oxoglutaraldehyde 2
      (0-06), 5-deoxy-erythro-pentos-4-ulose 3 (0-1) and 3-oxoglutaraldehyde 4 (0-06).
      In addition, some minor phosphate free products (total G=0-09) are formed.
      G(inorganic phosphate) =1-3 and G(H2O2)=0-3. On the addition of 10(-3) M (Fe(III)
      ions, G (1) and G (3) increase to 0-6 and 0-4 respectively. In the presence of
      10(-3) M Fe(II), G(1) and G(3) change to 0-4 and 0-8, respectively. The other
      dephosphorylation products are suppressed by the iron ions. G(1) also increases
      on the addition of increasing amounts of H2O2. Each product can be assigned a
      precursor radical formed by hydrogen abstraction from C-5, C-4 or C-3 of the
      ribose-5-phosphate molecule. Products 1 and 2 are formed by oxydative
      dephosphorylation of an alpha-phospho radical with preceeding H2O elimination for
      product 2. Elimination of H3PO4 from a beta-phospho radical leads to product 3;
      product 4 is formed by elimination of two molecules of H2O from its precursor
      radical and hydrolytic cleavage of an enol phosphate bond. Deuterium-labelling
      experiments and the effects of the iron ions and of H2O2 support the mechanisms
      proposed. The importance of the dephosphorylation mechanisms for the formation of
      strand breaks in DNA is discussed with special reference to the effects of the
      radiosensitizers.

PMID- 1083848
TI  - Negative pion irradiation of mammalian cells. 1. Survival characteristics of
      monolayers and spheroids of Chinese hamster lung cells.
AB  - Monolayers and spheroids of Chinese hamster cells (V79) were subjected to
      negative pion irradiation under aerobic conditions. R.b.e. values in the pion
      peak of 1-8 and 1-5 were obtained for monolayers and spheroids, respectively,
      whereas the r.b.e. for the plateau was found to be slightly higher than 1. In
      addition, it was observed that the higher resistance of the V79 spheroid cells
      than the monolayers to gamma-irradiation is not diminished in the pion peak,
      suggesting that the underlying phenomenon of intercellular communication
      influences cell survival even after high-LET irradiation.

PMID- 1083849
TI  - Letter: Effecf of x-irradiation on the transport of thymidine into asynchronous
      and S phase CHO cells.

PMID- 1083850
TI  - Letter: Energy metabolism after u.v.-irradiation in a sensitive yeast strain.

PMID- 1083851
TI  - Letter: Protection of post-irradiated mice by superoxide dismutase.

PMID- 1083852
TI  - Towards an integrated medical record.

PMID- 1083853
TI  - Cirrhosis and heterozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency in a 4-year-old girl.
AB  - A 4-year-old girl with hepatic cirrhosis was found to have alpha1-antitrypsin
      deficiency. The method of FAGERHOL detected that she is a heterozygous carrier of
      the Pi SZ type. Investigations with the light and the electron microscope and
      immunofluorescence tests confirmed the diagnosis. The values of alpha1
      antitrypsin and trypsin inhibitory capacity gave intermediate values. The fact
      that in the patient, the Z allele was combined with an S allele may have
      contributed to the severity of the illness.

PMID- 1083854
TI  - [Facial paresis following stapedectomy (author's transl)].
AB  - An ususual complication after stapedectomy for otosclerosis is reported. After
      two vain attempts elsewhere, the tympanic cavity was opened for the third time.
      Since the incus was missing, a malleovestibuloplasty was undertaken, using the
      Schuknecht wire prosthesis. Hearing was very good. One day after the operation, a
      facial paralysis developed, and increased over the following days. After 18 days,
      the nerve  was found to be oedematous and swollen above the fenestra ovale upto
      the level of the promontory and had forced the prosthesis out of the fenestra
      ovale. Six weeks later, nerve function was normal.

PMID- 1083855
TI  - Hormonal regulation of gap junction differentiation.
AB  - Thin-section, tracer, and freeze-cleave experiments on hypophysectomized Rana
      pipiens larvae reveal that gap junctions form between differentiating
      ependymoglial cells in response to thyroid hormone. These junctions assemble in
      large particle-free areas of the plasma membrane known as formation plaques.
      Between 20 and 40 h after hormone application, formation plaque area increases
      approximately 26-fold while gap junction area rises about 20-fold. The
      differentiation of these junctions requires the synthesis of new protein and
      probably RNA as well. On the basis of inhibitor experiments, it can be reported
      that formation plaques develop at about 16-20 h after hormone treatment and
      stages in the construction of gap junctions appear 4-8 h later. These studies
      suggest that gap junction subunits are synthesized and inserted into formation
      plaque membrane during the differentiation of the anuran ependymoglial cells.

PMID- 1083856
TI  - Chemistry of the tricarbonyliron complexes of calciferol and ergosterol.

PMID- 1083857
TI  - Topological analysis of the brain stem of the frogs Rana esculenta and Rana
      catesbeiana.
AB  - The ventricular sulcal pattern and the cytoarchitectonic organization of the
      brain stem of the frogs Rana esculenta and Rana catesbeiana have been studied in
      transversely cut, Nissl stained serial sections. Four longitudinal sulci, the
      sulcus medianus inferior, the sulcus intermedius ventralis, the sulcus limitans
      and the sulcus medianus superior could be distinguished in both species. A fifth
      longitudinal groove, the sulcus intermedius dorsalis, was found only in Rana
      esculenta. With the aid of the usual cytoarchitectonic criteria 25 cell masses
      have been delineated in Rana esculenta and 27 in Rana catesbeiana. These cell
      masses can be distributed over the following categories (numbers added in
      brackets for Rana catesbeiana, if different from those in Rana esculenta):
      primary efferent or motor, 8; primary afferent or sensory, 4(6); "relay" centers,
      7. Contrary to statements in the literature the reticular formation can be
      divided into six separate cell groups. The majority of the nuclei form part of
      the central gray, which constitutes a rather wide zone in anurans; three
      reticular nuclei lie partly within the stratum griseum and partly within the
      stratum album; six nuclei are entirely embedded in the stratum album. The
      morphological pattern of the cell masses and their relationship to the
      ventricular sulci were studied with the aid of a graphical reconstruction
      procedure termed topological analysis (cf. Nieuwenhuys, '74 and figs. 15, 16).
      This analysis yielded the following results: The sulcus limitans extends
      throughout the rhombencephalon, dividing this brain part into a basal plate and
      an alar plate. The cell masses in the basal plate fit into two longitudinal
      zones, a medial area ventralis and a lateral area intermedioventralis. The area
      ventralis contains three somatic motor nuclei (IV, VI and XII) and the
      rhombencephalic medial reticular zone. The latter may be primarily considered as
      a somatic motor coordinating center. The area intermedioventralis contains the
      visceral motor nuclei of V, VII, IX and X. However, the basal plate also contains
      a number of non-motor centers, for example the superior olive. The alar plate
      contains visceral sensory, general somatic sensory and special somatic sensory
      centers. Two cell masses, the nucleusfasciculi solitarii and the nucleus
      visceralis secundarius, represent together a discontinuous visceral sensory zone.
      Both of these nuclei are situated immediately dorsal to the sulcus limitans. The
      special somatic sensory area, i.e., the area of termination of the eighth nerve,
      occupies a considerable part of the alar plate. This area comprises, apart from a
      large zone of diffuse gray, three distinct cell masses...

PMID- 1083858
TI  - alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency and skin abnormalities.
AB  - A 19-year-old Moroccan male was found to have total absence of serum alpha1
      antitrypsin, a major inhibitor of elastase. This patient had chronic obstructive
      lung disease, hyperextensibility of the skin over the cheeks and wrists, and
      hyperlaxity of the hand joints. Microscopic sections of the skin revealed a
      thickened dermis with shortened and rarefied elastic fibers. Ultrastructural
      study showed collagen fibers with variable and irregular diameters. Elastic
      fibers were scarce and their relatively poor matrix was surrounded by numberous
      microfibrils. The outline of the fibers was irregular with deep recesses filled
      with microfibrils. The ergastoplasm of the fibroblasts was well developed. The
      differential diagnosis with other connective dystrophies showed the original
      characteristic of this case. Clinically and histopathologically, the skin
      abnormalities are probably related to the deficiency in elastase inhibitor.

PMID- 1083859
TI  - Preliminary cutaneous pathology observations with the freeze-fracture technique.
AB  - The freeze-fracture technique was used to study acantholytic cells of untreated
      pemphigus patients and the cells of histocytosis X. On the membranes of
      acanthocytosis cells, the particles are randomly distributed and lack the typical
      desmosome organization, while tight and gap junctions are still found. The study
      of the cells of histocytosis X provided a better understanding of the structure
      of the Langerhans granule. The paracrystalline organization of the inner face of
      the disc-shaped portion does not seem to involve the membranes limiting the
      granule, but rather to be confined to a periodically arranged, possibly proteic
      substance contained between them.

PMID- 1083860
TI  - A cross-sectional longitudinal survey into the durability of amalgam
      restorations.

PMID- 1083861
TI  - Immunobiology of aging.
AB  - Normal immune functions can begin to decline shortly after an individual reaches
      sexual maturity. Although changes in cellular environment are partially
      responsible, the decline is due primarily to changes within the cells, especially
      the T cells and to some extent the stem cells. This is reflected in their
      inability to proliferate and differentiate efficiently. What needs to be resolved
      is whether the altered properties of T cells and stem cells are permanent or
      reversible and, if permanent, whether they are due to a stochastic or genetically
      programmed event. The decline with age in certain normal immune functions is
      associated with an increase in the frequency of autoimmune and immune complex
      diseases, certain types of cancer, and viral and fungal infections. These
      diseases, compromise normal immune functions in short-lived strains of mice. In
      long-lived mice and in humans, however, the decline in immune functions to
      threshold levels seems to predispose in individuals to illness.

PMID- 1083862
TI  - Autoimmune disease: the consequence of deficient T-cell function?
AB  - The age-related decrease in T-lymphocyte function is discussed in relation to the
      onset of autoimmune disease. It is postulated that the decrease in T-cell "immune
      surveillance" permits: a) the ingress of viruses whose enzymes modify host
      glycoproteins and render them immunogenic, and b) the replication of viruses
      incorporated into the genome of cells during infections in early life. The
      existence of immunodeficiencies too subtle to be detected by our present
      laboratory methods is postulated and discussed in relation to diseases observed
      in geriatric patients. It would seem that the prevention of some geriatric
      diseases should begin in the pediatrician's office.

PMID- 1083863
TI  - Tumor immunology, autoimmunity and aging.
AB  - Cell-mediated immune function declines with aging, and may be associated with
      autoimmunity and malignancy. Humoral immune responses also decline with aging.
      The chief age-related effect on the immune system is a decrease in T-cell
      function. The "thymus clock" and immunogenesis are discussed in relation to
      aging. In animals, attempts at immunologic rejuvenation by cellular or hormonal
      means have not been successful as the results attained by genetic manipulation.

PMID- 1083864
TI  - Results of open heart surgery in the septuagenarian.
AB  - Open heart surgery has been extended to the septuagenarian. At the Long Island
      Jewish-Hillside Medical Center, 42 patients 70 to 79 years old underwent 43 open
      heart procedures in the past 7 years. Their average age was 73 years and 62% were
      male. Eighteen underwent aortic valve replacement; 7 had mitral valve
      replacement; 18 had coronary bypasses (3 with valve replacement); exploration for
      pulmonary embolism was done in 1; 1 patient had tricuspid replacement with mitral
      commissurotomy; 17% (7/42) died during hospitalization or within 30 days of
      surgery. Mean follow-up is 25 mo., and an additional 19% (8/42) have died at an
      average of 27 mo. after surgery. Open heart surgery is feasible for the elderly,
      but at an increased risk when compared to the younger patient submitted to the
      same procedure.

PMID- 1083865
TI  - Where nurses' aides don't do all the nursing care.

PMID- 1083866
TI  - IgM complex receptors on subpopulations of murine lymphocytes.
AB  - Murine lymphocytes from spleen, lymph node, and thymus were examined for IgM
      complex receptors. Lymphocytes from all three organs were found to bind SRBC
      sensitized with IgM from various sources including: primary anti-SRBC serum,
      murine and rabbit anti-Escherichia coli LPS sera, and a murine IgM myeloma (MOPC
      104E). Rosette formation by lymphocytes with IgM-sensitized SRBC was inhibited by
      soluble antigen-IgM complexes but not by IgM or antigen alone. Rosette formation
      was also inhibited by human IgM (Fc)5mu but not by Fab mu. Antiserum and
      complement treatment of the cells and subsequent recovery of the viable cells by
      trypsinization, filtration, and washing revealed the IgM rosette-forming cell
      (RFC) in the thymus to be a T cell. Spleen on the other hand was found to contain
      both B and T cells capable of binding IgM sensitized SRBC. Removal of both B and
      T cells from spleen cell suspensions eliminated all IgM RFC. The IgM complex
      receptor was found to be trypsin insensitive. Anti-Ig column fractionation
      enriched IgM RFC in spleen and lymph node suspensions passed through the columns,
      whereas cells bearing surface Ig, IgG complex receptors, and C3 receptors were
      retained in the columns.

PMID- 1083867
TI  - Splenic suppressing factor: purification and characterization of a factor
      suppressing thymidine incorporation into activated lymphocytes.
AB  - Suppressing activity upon the mitogen-activated lymphocytes was found in the
      supernatant (SUP) from the culture of mouse spleen, high-density subpopulation of
      thymocytes, and peritoneal exudate cells. Suppressing factor was obtained from
      the non-stimulated lymphocytes cultured for 24 to 36 hr with or without serum.
      Suppressing activity in the SUP was observed in the incorporation of 3H
      thymidine, 3H-uridine, and 3H-leucine into Con A-activated lymphocytes or in the
      proliferation of L cells. Suppressing factor partially purified by Sephadex G-25
      column chromatography was a heat-stable and dialyzable substance(s). Further
      purification and isolation of this factor by two-dimensional thin layer
      chromatography revealed that this was thymidine and thymidine monophosphate. The
      suppression in 3H-thymidine incorporation was attributed to the dilution effect
      of cold thymidine released from cultured lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083868
TI  - Reaginic antibody formation in the mouse. VII. Induction of suppressor T cells
      for IgE and IgG antibody responses.
AB  - Intravenous injections of urea-denatured ovalbumin (UD-OA) into OA-primed high
      responder mice suppressed the antibody response not only to the priming antigen
      but also to subsequent immunization with dinitrophenyl derivatives of OA (DNP
      OA). The transfer of normal spleen cells or OA-primed spleen cells into UD-OA
      treated animals did not restore the capacity of responding to DNP-OA to form anti
      DNP IgE and IgG antibodies. The transfer of splenic T cell fraction from the UD
      OA-treated animals into normal syngeneic mice diminished both IgE and IgG
      antibody responses of the recipients to DNP-OA. The B cell-rich fraction from the
      same donors failed to affect the anti-hapten antibody response and enhanced anti
      cancer (OA) IgG antibody response of the recipients. It was also found that the
      transfer of T cell-rich fraction of OA-primed spleen cells failed to suppress
      antibody response of the recipients to DNP-OA. The results indicated that spleen
      cells of UD-OA-treated mice contained suppressor T cells which are distinct from
      helper cells. Suppressive activity of T cells in the UD-OA treated animals was
      specific for OA. The transfer of the T cell-rich fraction failed to suppress anti
      DNP antibody response of the recipients to DNP-KLH.

PMID- 1083869
TI  - Enumeration and isolation of rabbit T and B lymphocytes by using antibody-coated
      erythrocytes.
AB  - Rosette formation with antibody-coated erythrocytes (Ab-E) was employed for the
      enumeration and isolation of rabbit B cells (Ig+T-) and T cells (Ig-T+). The
      cells bearing surface Ig (Ig+ cells) were enumerated by a direct
      immunocytoadhesion technique utilizing anti-rabbit IgG antibody-coated
      erythrocytes (Ab-E). To enumerate cells bearing thymus cell antigen (T+ cells),
      an indirect rosette technique was used in which lymphocytes were first sensitized
      with guinea pig anti-rabbit thymus cell antiserum and then rosetted with anti
      guinea pig IgG Ab-E. To demonstrate the specificity of the anti-thymus cell
      antiserum, a 51Cr radioimmunoassay for counting rosettes was employed along with
      visual counting to enumerate Ig+ and T+ cells in lymph node cell populations.
      When Ig+ and T+ lymph node cells were rosetted simultaneously with sheep and
      human erythrocytes, no mixed rosettes (less than 1%) were observed. Ficoll
      Hypaque gradient centrifugation was used to obtain purified Ig+T- and Ig-T+ cells
      by removing rosetted T+ and Ig+ cells, respectively. The purity of isolated Ig-T+
      cells was indicated by 94 to 95% indirect rosetting with anti-thymus cell
      antiserum and by 0 to 3% direct rosetting with anti-rabbit IgG Ab-E. The purity
      of isolated Ig+T- cells was indicated by 90 t0 94% direct rosetting with anti
      rabbit IgG Ab-E and by 2 to 3% indirect rosetting with anti-thymus cell
      antiserum. The percentage of Ig+T- and Ig-T+ cells were determined in peripheral
      blood and in various lymphoid organs. The isolated Ig+T- and Ig-T+ cells were
      also characterized by their responses to mitogens. Thus, nearly pure Ig+T- and Ig
      T+ cells were isolated by "negative selection,"  which should minimize functional
      changes of the cells, and thereby facilitate the study of their biologic
      properties, e.g., their response to mitogens.

PMID- 1083870
TI  - The suppressive effect of immunization on the proliferative responses of rat T
      cells in vitro. II. Abrogation of antigen-induced suppression by selective
      cytotoxic agents.
AB  - Rats given large i.v. doses of ovalbumin or sheep erythrocytes manifest
      suppressed spleen cell responses (3H-thymidine incorporation) to PHA within
      hours. Removal of glass wool-adherent cells totally restores responsiveness to
      that of normal nonadherent spleen cell cultures. Carrageenan, selectively toxic
      for macrophages, partially restores responses of antigen-suppressed spleen cells
      in culture, suggesting a supportive role for macrophages in the suppression
      phenomenon. Treatment of donors with low doses of cyclophosphamide (20 to 50
      mg/kg) at the time of antigen injection abrogates the ability of their spleen
      cells to suppress the responses of normal cells to PHA. The low dose of
      cyclophosphamide required indicates a target other than the B cell or macrophage
      and suggests the possibility that cyclophosphamide eliminates the suppressor T
      cell component of the macrophage-T cell complex.

PMID- 1083871
TI  - Differentiation of thymocytes: evidence that induction of the surface phenotype
      requires transcription and translation.
AB  - Induction of thymocyte differentiation requires transcription of DNA and
      translation of RNA but not replication of DNA. This was determined in vitro by
      studying the effects of cytosine arabinoside, hydroxyurea, actinomycin D,
      camptothecin, cordycepin, cycloheximide, and puromycin on the induction by
      thymopoietin of thymocyte differentiation, measured by the acquisition of the
      differentiation allo-antigens TL and Thy-1 by and inducible fraction of mouse
      spleen cells. This requirement for transcription does not establish whether the
      new mRNA represents transcripts of structural genes for the thymocyte allo
      antigen markers; an answer to this question awaits the results of further
      experiments.

PMID- 1083872
TI  - The significance of varying SRBC/lymphocyte ratio in T cell rosette formation.
AB  - The incubation ratio of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) to lymphocytes is a critical
      factor in rosette formation, whereas the length of time SRBC and lymphocytes are
      incubated together does not significantly affect the percentage of lymphocytes
      forming rosettes. The graph obtained by plotting percentage of rosette formation
      against the ratio of SRBC to lymphocytes is similar to that resulting from the
      formation of bimolecular complexes. If rosette formation is analogous to
      formation of bimolecular complexes, maximal rosette formation occurs when the
      system is saturated, i.e., with excess SRBC, and is a measure of the total
      capacity of a lymphocyte population to form rosettes. In addition, the percentage
      of rosette formation observed at a limiting SRBC/lymphocyte ratio gives an
      indication of the avidity of the lymphocytes for SRBC. This interpretation may
      provide an explanation for the difference between the "active" and "total"
      rosettes. When the log of the SRBC/lymphocyte ratio is plotted against percentage
      of rosette formation, a straight line is obtained, suggesting that within a given
      normal lymphocyte sample, T cell subsets with different avidities are not
      detected by rosette formation at different SRBC/lymphocyte ratios.

PMID- 1083873
TI  - Immunoglobulin-positive mononuclear cells in human peripheral blood: detection by
      mixed anti-globulin and direct anti-globulin-rosetting reactions.
AB  - Ig-bearing mononuclear cells were identified in Ficoll-Hypaque preparations of
      human peripheral blood by using mixed anti-globulin (MAG) and direct anti
      globulin rosettes; indicator cells consisted of sheep erythrocytes coated with
      human F(ab')2 or anti-F(ab')2 antibody, respectively. Of the cell population
      isolated from 10 normal subjects, a mean of 68% was lymphocytes. However, fewer
      than 50% of the cells with detectable surface Ig were lymphocytes. On viable cell
      preparations using chromic chloride-treated sheep erythrocytes (CrCl3SRBC) coated
      with anti-F(ab')2 antibody, a mean of 20.1% of the lymphocytes formed rosettes,
      i.e., were B. Up to 6% of peripheral blood lymphocytes formed mixed Ig-rosettes
      and E-rosettes. On viable lymphocytes using F(ab')2-coated CrCl3SRBC, MAG
      rosettes were insensitive in detection of B lymphocytes. Formaldehyde treatment
      of lymphocytes increased the number of B cells detectable to 25.5% of the
      lymphocyte population. Study of T-enriched and B-enriched populations showed that
      the observed increase in B cell reactivity was real and not due to MAG-rosetting
      T cells. A one-stage procedure for T and B lymphocyte separation is described.

PMID- 1083874
TI  - Macrophage requirements of CR- and CR+ B lymphocytes for antibody production in
      vitro.
AB  - A Sephadex G-10 column coated with antigen-antibody complexes and complement
      retains complement receptor-bearing (CR+) mouse spleen cells. The effluent is
      rich in thymus-derived cells (T cells), and contains bone marrow-derived cells (B
      cells) which carry surface immunoglobulin (Ig), Ir-associated antigen (Ia), and
      Fc receptors, but no complement receptors (CR-). Although both unfractionated and
      CR- B cell populations are capable of producing antibody to red cell antigens,
      they differ in their requirements for the initiation of the response.
      Unfractionated B cells cooperate with primed as well as unprimed helper T cells;
      macrophages are required for this cooperation but can be replaced by 2
      mercaptoethanol. CR- B cells cooperate with primed but not with unprimed T cells
      provided macrophages are added to cultures. After addition of culture supernatant
      from BCG-activated macrophages CR- B cells cooperate with both unprimed and
      primed T helper cells.

PMID- 1083875
TI  - The function of macrophages in antigen recognition by guinea pig T lymphocytes.
      III. Genetic analysis of the antigens mediating macrophage-T lymphocyte
      interaction.
AB  - Activation of immune T lymphocytes by antigen-pulsed macrophages is mediated by
      the Ia antigens of the guinea pig MHC or the products of closely linked genes.
      Studies using combinations of macrophages and T cells derived from outbred
      animals with different Ia antigens and/or Ir gene products have demonstrated that
      sharing of Ir gene products between macrophage and T cells is not sufficient for
      effective macrophage-T cell interaction. The role of the Ia antigens in the
      absence of the linked Ir gene products could not be directly examined because we
      were unable to identify an animal which bore the full complement of Ia antigens
      in the absence of the Ir gene that is normally associated with them. The results
      of these studies support the concept of the functional expression of the Ir gene
      product in the macrophage.

PMID- 1083876
TI  - Evolution of the lymphoid system. I. Evidence for lymphocyte heterogeneity in
      rainbow trout revealed by the organ distribution of mitogenic responses.
AB  - Leukocytes from the various lymphoid tissues of rainbow trout (RBT) were tested
      for their capacity to respond to the lymphocyte mitogens concanavalin A (Con A),
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD).
      Thymocytes responded to Con A but not to LPS or PPD. In contrast, leukocytes from
      anterior kidney were stimulated with LPS but not with Con A or PPD. Cells from
      spleen and peripheral blood were stimulated by each mitogen. However, the degree
      of stimulation at optimally stimulatory concentrations of each mitogen was
      distinctive. The finding that the patterns of mitogenic responses of cells from
      each tissue were significantly different suggested that there is lymphoid
      heterogeneity in the RBT with a unique tissue distribution. The species source of
      serum utilized as a medium supplement appeared to be capable of markedly
      affecting mitogenesis. Thus, LPS and PPD stimulation occurred in medium
      supplemented with rainbow trout serum (RBTS). On the other hand, LPS and PPD
      stimulation was not observed in medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum
      (FBS), with the exception of peripheral blood leukocytes which were stimulated by
      LPS in culture medium supplemented with FBS. Con A stimulated leukocytes from
      each lymphoid tissue in medium supplemented with RBTS and, with the exception of
      cells from anterior kidney, also stimulated cells from each tissue in medium
      supplemented with FBS. The kinetic profiles of the responses of peripheral blood
      leukocytes to Con A, LPS, and PPD suggested that the extent as well as the time
      required for maximal stimulation was dependent on the dose of mitogen.

PMID- 1083877
TI  - Differentiation of lymphoid cells: B cell as a direct target and T cell as a
      regulator in lipopolysaccharide-enhanced induction of immunoglobulin production.
AB  - The cells involved in the stimulatory effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide
      (LPS) on the induction of immunoglobulin (Ig) production by rabbit spleen cells
      cultured in the absence of antigen has been analyzed. Addition of LPS caused a
      several-fold enhancement of both DNA synthesis and Ig production. These enhanced
      activities were not significantly affected by depletion of adherent cells in the
      spleen cell population. Although inactivation of splenic T cells by anti
      thymocyte serum (ATS) treatment did not affect the enhancement of DNA synthesis
      due to LPS, such treatment did adversely affect the enhancement of Ig production
      by LPS. Furthermore, the enhancement of Ig production of ATS-treated spleen cells
      by LPS was found to be dependent on the number of thymocytes added. In addition,
      the prior incubation of ATS-treated spleen cells with LPS resulted in effective
      enhancement of Ig production when such ATS-treated spleen cells and thymocytes
      were combined after removal of LPS. An identical experiment, except that
      thymocytes instead of ATS-treated spleen cells received the prior incubation with
      LPS, did not result in enhancement of Ig production. Finally, the enhanced Ig
      production due to LPS was inhibited by hydroxyurea, a known inhibitor of cellular
      DNA synthesis. The relationship between the mitogenic activity of LPS on B cells,
      the regulatory function of T cells, and the enhancement of Ig production by LPS
      is discussed in relation to the contrasting reports concerning the cellular
      target of LPS.

PMID- 1083878
TI  - Structural requirements for arthritogenicity of peptidoglycans from
      Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus plant arum and analogous synthetic
      compounds.
AB  - The comparative studies on the arthritogenicity of chemically well defined
      peptidoglycans (PG)2 from the cell walls of Staphylococcus aureus (FDA 209P) and
      Lactobacillus plantarum (ATCC 8014) showed that 1) a polymer of disaccharide
      peptide with or without the presence of N-acetylglucosaminyl-ribitol-teichoic
      acid produced severe arthritis; 2) oligosaccharide-peptides with or without the
      special structure (N-acetylglucosaminyl-ribitol-teichoic acid in S. aureus, a
      polymer of rhamnose and glucose in L. plantarum) produced severe disease; 3)
      disaccharide-heptapeptide-disaccharide with or without the presence of either
      glucose-ribitol-teichoic acid or a polymer of rhamnose and glucose appeared to be
      arthritogenic but much less effective for disease production; 4) N-acetylmuramyl
      heptapeptide-N-acetylmuramic acid and disaccharide-hexapeptide were non
      arthritogenic; 5) none of the synthetic N-acetylmuramyl-peptides, including
      tetrapeptide, produced the disease. Thus it is concluded that arthritis-inducing
      activity is related to the peptidoglycan moiety but not to the special structure,
      and the most important moiety responsible for disease production may be located
      in a chain length of two or more disaccharide units on PG subunits. However, it
      is discussed that non-arthritogenicity of peptidoglycans, including synthetic
      compounds, may be due to a lack of adjuvanticity in rats rather than a lack of
      antigenic determinant(s) responsible for production of arthritis.

PMID- 1083879
TI  - B lymphocyte differentiation induced by lipopolysaccharide. III. Suppression of B
      cell maturation by anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibodies.
AB  - Lipopolysaccharide-(LPS) induced differentiation of mouse B lymphocytes to cells
      synthesizing large amounts of cytoplasmic IgM and IgG2 could be suppressed by
      antibodies to mu-chains. Maximal inhibition of LPS-induced differentiation was
      associated with increased cellular proliferation as measured by incorporation of
      3H-thymidine, whereas treatment with anti-mu alone over a wide dosage range did
      not stimulate cellular proliferation. Spleen cells from newborn mice were
      suppressed by concentrations of anti-mu several hundred-fold lower than required
      for adult spleen cells; the adult pattern of susceptibility to suppression was
      acquired by 1 week of age. No significant differences in susceptibility to anti
      mu were found in comparisons of adult spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, and
      Peyer's patch lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083880
TI  - The merrit alloantigenic system of human B lymphocytes: evidence for thirteen
      possible factors including one six-member segregant series.
AB  - An analysis of the typing results of a 70-member chronic lymphatic leukemia B
      cell panel revealed evidence for 13 possible groups of the Merrit alloantigenic
      system. Six of these appeared possibly allelic and may represent a segregant
      series. The CLL panel was also fully typed for HLA and some degree of linkage
      dysequilibrium between Merrit and HLA seemed apparent from the data. Merrit
      antibodies can be absorbed out with selected surface membrane immunoglobulin
      (SMIG)-positive normal lymphocytes and less so or not at all with E rosette
      forming T cells or Fc-positive SMIG-negative lymphocytes.

PMID- 1083881
TI  - Letter: Absence of demonstrable effects of thymocytotoxic antibodies on serum
      thymic hormone level in NZB mice.

PMID- 1083882
TI  - Coronary artery bypass surgery: 322 consecutive patients with no hospital
      mortality.

PMID- 1083883
TI  - Bernard-Soulier syndrome: a new platelet glycoprotein abnormality. Its
      relationship with platelet adhesion to subendothelium and with the factor VIII
      von Willebrand protein.
AB  - A decreased platelet adhesion to rabbit aorta subendothelium (Baumgartner
      technique) is confirmed in the Bernard Soulier (giant platelet) syndrome.
      Electron microscope techniques using a purified antibody against Factor VIII/von
      Willebrand protein, revealed an apparently normal presence of the Factor VIII/von
      Willebrand protein on the Bernard Soulier platelets. Electrophoretic
      characterization of the major protein and glycoprotein components of the Bernard
      Soulier platelets following sodium dodecyl sulfate solubilization indicated a
      relatively normal protein content but suggested a reduced content of the 155,000
      molecular weight major platelet glycoprotein. This was confirmed by a reduced
      release of high molecular weight acidic glycopeptides following incubation of
      washed Bernard Soulier platelets with trypsin. It is proposed that this
      abnormality may be related to the previously reported reduced sialic acid content
      and the reduced electrophoretic mobility of the Bernard Soulier platelets and
      that a glycoprotein reduced or abnormal in the Bernard Soulier platelets is
      necessary for the normal adhesion of platelets to subendothelium.

PMID- 1083884
TI  - Simplified alpha1-antitrypsin phenotyping by immunofixation of acid-starch gels.
AB  - Immunofixation of acid-starch gels represents a simplified method for alpha1
      antitrypsin phenotyping. This technique reduces the amount of work and time
      involved in phenotyping by eliminating the need for crossed
      immunoelectrophoresis. Its major purpose is to directly enhance the staining
      quality of the minor bands, especially the Z bands on the acid-starch gel. It is
      hoped that this modified method will allow more wide-spread use of antitrypsin
      phenotyping, especially in the routine clinical chemistry laboratory.

PMID- 1083885
TI  - Embryological evidence for a possible polyphyletic origin of the recent
      amphibians.
AB  - The markedly different mode of mesoderm formation in anuran and urodelan
      amphibians (which is related to the early double-layered nature of the anuran
      blastula wall in contrast to its single-layered nature in the urodeles), but
      particularly the fundamentally different place and mode of origin of the
      primordial germ cells in the two groups of amphibians, strongly pleads in favour
      of a very ancient bifurcation in the phylogenetic history of the two groups, even
      suggesting a polyphyletic origin from different ancestral fishes.

PMID- 1083886
TI  - The initiation of diving apnoea in the frog, Rana pipiens.
AB  - 1. Diving apnoea in Rana pipiens was initiated by submerging the external nares.
      As the water level was raised above the frog, both buccal and lung pressure
      increased by an amount corresponding to the water head. During submergence the
      external nares remained closed, although the apnoeic period was punctuated by
      ventilation movements which moved gas between the lungs and buccal cavity. 2.
      Bilateral section of the ophthalmic nerves did not alter the normal pattern of
      ventilation in air, although it often resulted in the intake of water into the
      buccal cavity on submergence. Introduction of water into the buccal cavity,
      either naturally as in denervates or by injection through a catheter in intact
      frogs, triggered sustained electromyographical activity in some respiratory
      muscles. 3. Electroneurograms recorded from the cut peripheral end of an
      ophthalmic nerve showed that receptors in the external narial region were
      stimulated by movement of a water meniscus across them. Activity could also be
      recorded in the ophthalmic nerve in response to water flow past the submerged
      nares. Punctate stimulation of the narial region confirmed that these receptors
      were mechanosensitive. 4. Bilateral electrical stimulation of the central ends of
      cut ophthalmic nerves in lightly anaesthetized frogs caused apnoea with a latency
      of less than 200 ms. The external nares remained closed throughout the period of
      stimulation although buccal pressure events, resembling underwater ventilation
      movements, occurred when stimulation was prolonged.

PMID- 1083887
TI  - Separation of helper T cells from suppressor T cells expressing different Ly
      components. I. Polyclonal activation: suppressor and helper activities are
      inherent properties of distinct T-cell subclasses.
AB  - Concanavalin A, a nonspecific polyclonal activator of T lymphocytes, activates
      Lyl and Ly23 subclasses to the same degree. After activation, the Ly23 subclass,
      but not the Lyl subclass, has the following properties: (a) Suppression of the
      antibody response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) in vitro. (b) Production of a
      soluble factor that suppresses the anti-SRBC response in vitro. (c) Suppression
      of the generation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity to H-2 target cells in vitro. Con
      A-activated cells of the Lyl subclass, but not the Ly23 subclass, express helper
      function in the anti-SRBC response in vitro. Because the intact Con A-stimulated
      T-cell population contains both cell types, these cells do not exert detectable
      helper effects in an anti-SRBC system in vitro, because the helper effect of Lyl
      cells is masked by the suppressor effect of the Ly23 cells. Each function is
      revealed by eliminating one or the other population with the relevant Ly
      antiserum. The resting T-cell population, before activation by Con A, also
      contains already programmed Lyl and Ly23 cells with similar helper and suppressor
      potentials, respectively. This is revealed by experiments with Ly subclasses
      which have been separated from the resting T-cell population and then stimulated
      by Con A. Thus helper and suppressor functions, as expressed in these systems,
      are manifestations of separate T-cell-differentiative pathways and do not depend
      upon stimulation of the cells by antigen.

PMID- 1083888
TI  - Separation of helper T cells from suppressor T cells expressing different Ly
      components. II. Activation by antigen: after immunization, antigen-specific
      suppressor and helper activities are mediated by distinct T-cell subclasses.
AB  - Cells of the Lyl subclass generate helper activity in both primary and secondary
      responses to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). In contrast, after priming with SRBC,
      cells of the Ly-2+ subclasses, in particular Ly23 cells, have suppressive
      activity. The degree of Ly23-mediated suppression is directly proportional to the
      amount of antigen (SRBC) used for priming. Suppression by Ly23 cells is specific,
      because Ly23 cells from SRBC-primed animals do not suppress the response to horse
      erythrocytes, and vice versa. Thus, both cytotoxic and specific suppressor
      functions are mediated by T cells of a subclass, provisionally designated TCS,
      which can be distinguished from helper T cells (TH), by their Ly phenotypes. It
      remains to be determined whether killing and suppression are functionally
      interrelated properties of a single Ly23 subclass, or whether the Ly23 population
      comprises two subclasses whose surface phenotypes are not yet distinguishable by
      immunogenetic criteria.

PMID- 1083889
TI  - Ontogeny of B-lymphocyte function. II. Ability of endotoxin to increase the
      heterogeneity of affinity of the immune response of B lymphocytes from fetal
      mice.
AB  - The ontogeny of the functional capacity of B lymphocytes to generate a
      heterogeneous response to a haptenic determinant was studied by cell transfer
      techniques in LAF1 mice. Fetal liver, as a source of B lymphocytes, was
      transferred into adult, syngeneic, irradiated animals. All recipients received
      excess adult thymus cells so that T-cell activity did not limit the response and
      were immunized with DNP-BGG. The heterogeneity of avidity of their anti-DNP PFC
      response was assayed by hapten inhibition of plaque formation. Animals
      reconstituted with B lymphocytes from fetal donors produced a response that is
      highly restricted with respect to heterogeneity of affinity. Transfer studies
      using multiple fetal donors or mixtures of adult and neonatal cells for
      reconstitution suggest that the restriction in heterogeneity is not the
      consequence of suppressor T-lymphocyte activity. With animals reconstituted with
      B cells from day 16 or older fetal donors, injection of LPS together with antigen
      converted the response to a heterogeneous "adult-type" response. With animals
      reconstituted with B lymphocytes from day 14 fetal liver DxSO4, but not LPS,
      could convert the response to a highly heterogeneous one. Animals reconstituted
      with day 14 or 16 fetal liver as source of B lymphocytes were capable of
      producing a heterogeneous secondary response despite the fact that their primary
      response was of restricted heterogeneity. This implies the selection of high
      affinity B-memory cells, in the absence of high affinity PFC during the primary
      response with fetal B lymphocytes. Animals reconstituted with day 14 or 16 fetal
      liver produce only direct PFC, while animals reconstituted with day 18 fetal
      liver produce both direct and indirect PFC. Three differentiation events have
      therefore been defined in the functional development of B lymphocytes: (a)
      between day 14 and day 16 of fetal life they acquire responsiveness to LPS; (B)
      BETWEEN DAY 16 AND 18 OF FETAL DEVELOPMENT THEY ACQUire the capacity to produce
      indirect PFC; (C) between day 7 and 10 after birth they acquire the capacity to
      give a heterogeneous response after normal immunization. In addition, it was
      shown that LAF1 mice already have all of the information required to produce an
      "adult-type" heterogeneous anti-DNP response at day 14 of fetal life.

PMID- 1083890
TI  - Lysozyme synthesis by established human and murine histiocytic lymphoma cell
      lines.
AB  - A human cell line established in culture from a histiocytic lymphoma patient
      synthesizes and secretes the monocyte-granulocyte specific enzyme lysozyme. 18
      other human cell lines with characteristics of T-lymphocyte, B-lymphocyte,
      Burkitt's lymphoma, non-Burkitt's lymphoma, myeloma, and bone marrow epithelial
      cells were not associated with lysozyme. Among murine cell lines, lysozyme was
      produced by (a) three histiocytic lymphoma or macrophage lines, which mediate
      antibody-dependent phagocytosis and cytolysis; (b) myelomonocytic leukemia line
      which also secretes myeloid colony-stimulating factor; and (c) a spontaneous
      lymphoma and an Abelson leukemia virus-induced lymphoma. Lysozyme-negative lines
      include another Abelson lymphoma, myelomas, T lymphomas, and mastocytoma.

PMID- 1083891
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity: delayed-type hypersensitivity and cytotoxic responses are
      mediated by different T-cell subclasses.
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity includes both the generation of cytotoxic cells and
      initiation of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). The resting T-cell population,
      before stimulation by antigen, already contains cells of the Lyl subclass that
      are programmed to initiate DTH (and helper function) but not cytotoxic responses,
      as well as Ly23 cells which can generate killer activity (and suppressive
      function) but not DTH. The central implication of these findings is that the
      broad division between humoral and cell-mediated immune responses does not
      precisely correspond to the division of labor among T-cell subclasses. The
      relative contribution of DTH-competent Lyl cells and cytotoxic Ly23 cells to the
      classical homograft response remains to be determined.

PMID- 1083892
TI  - Cellular basis of neonatal induction of in vitro tolerance.
AB  - The LD and SD antigens of the major histocompatibility complex subserve
      differential roles in the induction of the proliferative phase in mixed
      lymphocyte culture and in the cytotoxic reaction seen in cell-mediated
      lympholysis. The present study suggests that they also behave differently in the
      neonatal induction of tolerance. SD antigens appear to induce tolerance in the
      cytotoxic T lymphocytes very effectively, whereas LD antigens (or the cytotoxic
      targets coded by genes in the I and/or S regions) are relatively ineffective in
      this regard. LD antigens presented neonatally are effective at inducing tolerance
      in the proliferating helper cells.

PMID- 1083893
TI  - Fetal antigens on the surface of human lymphoid cells.
AB  - Human B-lymphoblastoid cells established in long-term culture from healthy adults
      carry surface components that are normally found in human fetal tissues at about
      10 wk of age. These antigens are strongly expressed on neoplastic B lymphocytes
      but not on thymocytes or a cultured T-cell line. They are carried by a small
      subpopulation of normal adult peripheral blood lymphocytes as well.

PMID- 1083894
TI  - An estimation of the frequency of precursor cells which generate cytotoxic
      lymphocytes.
AB  - The cell-mediated immune response has been generated in vitro with a
      polyacrylamide culture system which allows the segregation of foci (clones?) of
      cytotoxic lymphocytes. Using the method of limiting dilutions, the frequency of
      precursor cells in CBA spleen cells able to generate a cytotoxic response against
      DBA mastocytoma is estimated at 1 per 1,700 cells.

PMID- 1083895
TI  - Density and distribution of tetrodotoxin receptors in normal and detubulated frog
      sartorius muscle.
AB  - Tetrodotoxin (TTX) binding was measured in muscles which were either in normal
      condition or which had been "detubulated" by glycerol-induced osmotic shock. In
      both cases the binding of TTX was found to saturate at high TTX concentrations.
      Maximum binding in normal fibers was 35 pmol/g wet weight, and that figure was
      reduced to 16 pmol/g after glycerol treatment. The dissociation constant for
      binding to the surface membrane was 3 nM, which is the range of values obtained
      by electrophysiological measurements of the effect of TTX on the maximum rate of
      rise of the action potential. The results suggest that the dissociation constant
      in the transverse tubules may be higher than that in the surface. Control
      experiments indicate that the effects of glycerol treatment are limited to the
      accessibility of the receptors to the toxin and result in no alteration of the
      affinity of the binding site. TTX receptors in the transverse tubules may be
      recovered after glycerol treatment by homogenization of the fibers. The
      measurements suggest that the density of sodium channels in surface membrane is
      about 175/muM2 and that in the transverse tubular membrane is 41-52/mum2.

PMID- 1083896
TI  - The effects of serotonergic and antiserotonergic drugs on the flexor reflex of
      spinal rat: a proposed model to evaluate the action on the central serotonin
      receptor.
AB  - The effects of serotonergic and antiserotonergic drugs on the hind limb flexor
      reflex (measured as a contraction of musculus tibialis anterior or as a flexion
      of the paw) in the spinal rat was studied. All serotonergic drugs used (L-5
      hydroxytryptophan, L-tryptophan, LSD, fenfluramine, p-chloroamphetamine)
      stimulate the flexor reflex. Serotonin receptor blockers (cyproheptadine, WA-335,
      methergoline), which given alone are inactive, inhibit the stimulation induced by
      serotonergic drugs but do not influence that one caused by noradrenergic agents
      (amphetamine, clonidine). Both types of stimulation (serotonergic and
      noradrenergic) are antagonized by noradrenaline receptor blockers
      (phenoxybenzamine, clozapine). The antiserotonergic action of serotonin
      antagonists used was confirmed on the basis of the antagonism to the head
      twitches induced by L-5-hydroxytryptophan. The flexor reflex in the spinal rat
      may be a good model to evaluate the effect on the central (spinal cord) serotonin
      receptor and to differantiat this effect from that on the noradrenaline system.

PMID- 1083897
TI  - Normal rate of cerebrospinal fluid formation five years after bilateral choroid
      plexectomy. Case report.
AB  - A ventricular perfusion technique was used to determine the rate of cerebrospinal
      fluid (CSF) formation in a 5-year-old child who had undergone bilateral choroid
      plexectomy for communicating hydrocephalus during infancy. At the time of the
      study, the patient had a failed ventriculoperitoneal shunt and was suffering from
      progressive ventriculomegaly. The calculated rate of CSF formation, 0.35 ml/min
      +/- 0.02 standard deviation, was within normal limits.

PMID- 1083898
TI  - A new concept in the control of acute gingival hemorrhage.
AB  - The topical application of epsilon-aminocaproic acid may be life-saving therapy
      for control of acute gingival hemorrhage in patients who are debilitated because
      of systemic diseases. When low doses were used, there have been no reports of
      adverse reactions.

PMID- 1083899
TI  - Hereditary factor XI deficiency.

PMID- 1083900
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in pertussis.

PMID- 1083901
TI  - Letter: Hemophilus influenzae type b and epiglottitis.

PMID- 1083902
TI  - Continuous bilateral electrophrenic pacing in an infant with total diaphragmatic
      paralysis.
AB  - An infant with bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis, etiology undetermined, is
      presented in whom bilateral intrathoracic phrenic nerve pacemakers were inserted.
      He was maintained with continuous bilateral electrophrenic pacing for 142 days. A
      review of the literature by the authors has not revealed any previously reported
      cases.

PMID- 1083903
TI  - T lymphocyte dysfunction, hyperimmunoglobulinemia E, recurrent bacterial
      infections, and defective neutrophil chemotaxis in a Negro child.

PMID- 1083904
TI  - Safety aspects of mandibular lingual surgery.
AB  - Mandibular lingual surgery is commonly used in periodontal practice. There are
      inherent risks in such surgery which are illustrated by a case report described
      here. This was a case in which an emergency tracheotomy was needed after a minor
      procedure which involved lingual tissues. The potential problems of any form of
      lingual surgery are discussed. Various other surgical procedures in this region
      are examined in order to establish some surgical principles which may be of use
      to periodontists.

PMID- 1083905
TI  - Effects of ethanol on the permeability of frog skin.
AB  - Ethanol (3%) decreases the potential difference and short-circuit current across
      the isolated frog skin in chloride Ringer's solution. Unidirectional fluxes of Na
      and Cl indicate that the drop in short-circuit current is due to an inhibition of
      the sodium influx. However, ethanol had no effect on the electrical parameters or
      sodium fluxes, when the frog skin was bathed in chloride-free solutions on both
      sides or the outside alone. The ethanol response is anion-dependent. In addition,
      chloride-free media in the inside bathing solution reduced the short-circuit
      current, indicating a sodium transport pathway which is dependent on chloride and
      confirming previous data in the literature. Other anions such as sulfate and
      nitrate could not substitute for chloride. The vasopressin-induced natriferic
      response and the ethanol effect were found to work independently of each other
      and different pathways of action are suggested for these agents. The
      intracellular sodium content of the isolated frog skin epithelium increased and
      potassium decreased in the presence of the Na-K adenosine triphosphatase
      inhibitor, ouabain, whereas ethanol or amiloride had no effect. The oxygen
      consumption of the isolated frog skin was unaffected by up to 10% ethanol. A
      general metabolic action is probably thus not mediating the response. Urea, in
      iso-osmotic concentrations to the ethanol, did not mimic its effect. Tritiated
      water fluxes (in the absence of an osmotic gradient) were reduced by 30% in the
      presence of 3% ethanol. It is suggested that ethanol may impede the flow of water
      across frog skin by a physicochemical interaction with membrane pores and the
      water molecules. The permeability coefficient (Ktrans) for ethanol was found to
      be 10 times smaller than the Ktrans for water.

PMID- 1083906
TI  - Components of human split ejaculates. II. Enzymes and proteinase inhibitors.
AB  - Lysozyme, alpha-amylase, neutral proteinase and plasminogen activator were most
      concentrated in the initial portion of the ejaculate that consists mostly of
      Cowper's gland and prostate gland fluids as well as spermatozoa. The
      concentration of the high molecular weight proteinase inhibitors, alpha1
      antitrypsin and alpha1X-antichymotrypsin, was essentially unaltered throughout
      the ejaculate fractions, although their absolute amounts showed an increase
      towards the final fraction. By contrast, the total inhibitory activity towards
      pancreatic trypsin was highest both in concentration and amount in the last
      fraction, thus indicating that the seminal vesicles are its primary source.
      Plasminogen, prothrombin, Factor XIII, and the proteinase inhibitors antithrombin
      III, alpha2-macroglobulin, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor and C1S-inactivator
      could not be detected immunochemically in whole ejaculates, and indicates the
      dissimilarity between the coagulation/liquefaction processes of semen and blood.

PMID- 1083907
TI  - Heparin and lymphocyte kinetics: use in studies on the mechanisms of
      corticosteroid-induced peripheral lymphocytopenia.

PMID- 1083908
TI  - Case conference. Does the end justify the expense?

PMID- 1083909
TI  - 'Durate variant with clinical signs' has alpha1 -antitrypsin genotype ZZ.
AB  - A patient with neonatal jaundice and cirrhosis who was previously reported
      homozygous for the Durate variant of galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase has
      the ZZ genotype for alpha1-antitrypsin. A sister of the patient, also with ZZ
      genotype, is less severly affected with liver disease and is a heterozygote for
      the Durate variant. Since a number of patients with ZZ genotype of alpha1
      antitrypsin have been previously reported to have liver disease, the latter
      genotype is the more probable explanation for the patients' clinical state. A
      question is raised, however, whether the Duarte variant may be specifically
      associated with the development of liver disease in ZZ individuals.

PMID- 1083910
TI  - Angiography in gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1083911
TI  - Prolonged biphasic strontium-mediated contractions of cat and frog heart muscle
      and their response to inotropic influences.

PMID- 1083912
TI  - Effects of small organic molecules on the cholinergic receptors of the motor
      endplate.
AB  - This paper deals with the effects on the endplate receptors of the electro
      osmotic and bath application of compounds which, although lacking pharmacological
      affinity, mimic the actions caused at much lower concentrations by conventional
      cholinergic drugs. Small cyclic molecules containing carbonyl, ether, ester,
      amide, and carboxyl anhydride groups were tested. Lactones, carboxyl anhydrides,
      cyclic amides, and ketones depolarized the endplate membrane and, in addition,
      most of them potentiated the depolarizing action of acetylcholine. On the
      contrary, cyclic ethers behaved as neuromuscular blocking agents. Dioxane, which
      contains two ether oxygens, caused a marked prolongation of the time course of
      the potentials elicited by the iontophoretic application of acetylcholine pulses.
      In some instances the effects of adding the compounds to the bath were different
      from those observed following local electro-osmotic application.

PMID- 1083913
TI  - Undiagnosed primary tuberculosis as a possible major cause of a high infant/child
      mortality rate.

PMID- 1083914
TI  - Location in bacteriophage lamdba DNA of cleavage sites of the site-specific
      endonuclease from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H.
AB  - The sites in Escherichia coli bacteriophage lambda DNA cleaved by the site
      specific endonuclease isolated from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H (BamI) are found
      to be at 0.114, 0.466, 0.580, 0.713, and 0.861 lambda units. The sites were
      located by analysis of the products of digestion of lambda DNA and lambda-ara
      transducing phage DNA, and verified by double digestion with BamI and EcoRI.

PMID- 1083915
TI  - Prophage induction and inactivation by UV light.
AB  - Analysis of the induction curves for UV light-irradiated Haemophilus influenzae
      lysogens and the distribution of pyrimidine dimers in a repair-deficient lysogen
      suggests that one dimer per prophage-size segment of the host bacterial
      chromosome is necessary as a preinduction event. The close correlations obtained
      prompted a renewed consideration of the possibility that direct prophage
      induction occurs when one dimer is stabilized within the prophage genome. The
      host excision-repair system apparently functions to reduce the probability of
      "stabilizing" within the prophage those dimers that are necessary for induction
      and inactivation. The presence of the inducible defective prophage in strain Rd
      depresses the inducibility of prophage HP1c1.

PMID- 1083916
TI  - Immune reactivity in renal cancer: a sequential study.
AB  - We evaluated 18 patients with adenocarcinoma of the kidney immunologically in a
      linear fashion. Delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity was significantly altered in
      patients with metastatic disease. In vitro studies have shown a progressive
      decline in the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes and the T cell
      subpopulations that parallels the advance of the maligant process. Evaluation of
      lymphocyte function by the response to mitogens appears to be of little
      significance in a sequential study.

PMID- 1083917
TI  - Cavitary pulmonary lymphosarcoma masquerading as rheumatoid lung disease.

PMID- 1083918
TI  - [Experimental studies on electric acupuncture therapy. (4) Studies of the spike
      wave].

PMID- 1083919
TI  - [Immunosuppressive effects of rifampicin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1083920
TI  - [Analysis of some parameters for determining myocardial contractility before and
      after aortocoronary shunting].
AB  - The condition of hemodynamics and the contractile function of the myocardium are
      considered before and after aorto-coronary shunting performed in patients with
      critically severe affection of the coronary arteries and the heart muscle. Of
      great prognostic importance is the final diastolic volume of the ventricles, its
      relation to the stroke ejection, as well as the ejection fraction. The greater
      the final diastolic volume of the ventricle and the smaller the stroke ejection,
      the higher is the risk of applying operative treatment to the patient.

PMID- 1083921
TI  - [Our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhages from the upper
      portion of the gastrointestinal tract over a 10-year period].

PMID- 1083922
TI  - Organ-specificity and diagnostic value of cell-mediated immunity against a liver
      specific membrane protein: studies in hepatic and non-hepatic diseases.
AB  - In chronic active hepatitis (CAH, n=58) 70% of the HBsAg negative and 48% of the
      HBsAg positive cases showed a CMI against human liver specific proteins (HLPI).
      Using HBsAg as antigen only 12% of the HBsAg negative and 24% of the HBsAg
      positive cases gave a CMI response. On the basis of HBsAg and autoantibodies in
      the serum CAH patients could be divided into 4 subgroups. A close correlation
      between CMI against HLPI, sex, ANA and HL-A-8 could be detected. In a follow-up
      study of patients with acute virus B hepatitis (n=62) CMI against HBsAg was
      detected in 60% of the cases in the acute phase of the disease but in 15% only 3
      6 months after the onset of the illness (n=40). In patients who developed a
      chronic HBsAg carrier status 3 of 5 cases remained persistently positive with
      HLPI as antigen in the migration inhibition test. - In non-hepatic diseases in
      which immunological abnormalities may be present (malignant diseases n=46,
      diabetes mellitus n=27, active tuberculosis, n=18 and untreated systemic lupus
      erythematodes, n=5) only 26% of patients with malignant diseases showed a
      migration inhibition with HLPI. - Using different antigens such as human liver
      specific proteins (HLP), rabbit liver specific proteins (RLP), brucella suis
      antigen and tuberculin it was possible to demonstrate the validity of the two
      step migration inhibition test to detect CMI. The results with different antigens
      in hepatic and non-hepatic diseases demonstrated that cell-mediated immunity of
      HLPI is an organ specific immune reaction which is associated with acute and
      chronic active liver diseases as a time limited or long-lasting phenomenon.
      Positive reactions in some tumor patients suggest that different mechanisms may
      elicit an autoimmune reaction against liver antigens.

PMID- 1083923
TI  - [Use of specific anti-T-lymphocyte globulin (sATG) for the diagnosis of
      lymphoproliferative diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - Difficulties in the production of specific antisera against T-lymphocytes could
      be overcome by a stepwise absorption and purification procedure of anti-human
      thymocyte serum. Specific anti-T lymphocyte globulin (sATG) reacted with
      thymocytes, thymus-derived lymphocytes and a lymphoblastoid cell line of T-cell
      type whereas no activity was found against lymphoblastoid cell lines of B-cell
      type. Five chronic and three acute lymphatic leukemias were characterized using
      sATG in the cytotoxic test, electron microscopy, complement fixation test and
      quantitative immunoautoradiography, and compared with lymphocyte populations of
      normal individuals. Three chronic lymphatic leukemias with low numbers of
      spontaneous rosettes and high percentages of membrane-Ig-positive lymphocytes
      showed only few T-cell-antigen-positive lymphocytes and were therefore classified
      as B-cell leukemias. The cells of two chronic lymphatic leukemias with high
      numbers of spontaneous rosettes carried T-cell-antigen. The T-cell-antigen
      concentration, however, was lower than that of normal peripheral blood T
      lymphocytes. The T-cell nature of two acute lymphatic leukemias with high numbers
      of spontaneous rosettes was confirmed by a positive reaction of the cells with
      sATG. In one case of acute lymphatic leukemia most leukemic cells carried T-cell
      antigen although these cells did not form spontaneous rosettes. In the first two
      cases the T-cell-antigen concentration on the cell surface exceeded that of
      normal blood-T-lymphocytes, in the latter case it was slightly below that. The
      advantages of the characterization of leukemias with sATG in comparison with the
      spontaneous rosette formation and the relevance for prognosis are discussed.

PMID- 1083924
TI  - Periodic comprehensive health assessment and a problem-oriented medical record
      for public school students.

PMID- 1083925
TI  - Haematoma of the rectus sheath.

PMID- 1083926
TI  - Valvulotomy of valves in the saphenous vein graft before coronary artery bypass.
AB  - Occasionally, repeat angiograms disclose turbulence, with or without clot
      formation, at the valve sites in saphenous veins used as coronary artery bypass
      grafts. A simple valvulotomy may be used to split these valves to allow a more
      even flow and to avoid the valve recess where air may be trapped or thrombus
      formed. A potential cause for perioperative infarction or graft failure may thus
      be avoided.

PMID- 1083927
TI  - [Occurrence and contents of Kunin antigen (CAE) in Enterobacteriaceae and other
      gram-negative bacteria].

PMID- 1083928
TI  - Address given to N.S.W. College of Nursing on avoidable factors in maternal
      morbidity.

PMID- 1083929
TI  - Determination of rat pineal gland melatonin content by a radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 1083930
TI  - [Activity of tissue-bound plasminogen activators following polytrauma].

PMID- 1083931
TI  - [Effect of proteinase inhibition on leukocytal phagocytosis in shock].

PMID- 1083932
TI  - Geometry of the capillary network in skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1083933
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage-a review of 100 cases.
AB  - The case records of the last 100 consecutive patients with upper gastrointestinal
      tract bleeding admitted to the adult section of the Mater Misericordiae Hospital
      have been analysed with attention to presentation, investigations, aetiology,
      management and mortality. The period of these admissions was almost three years
      from May, 1971, to June, 1974.

PMID- 1083934
TI  - Arbovirus infection in a Murray Valley community. I. Prevalence of antibodies,
      December, 1974.
AB  - A survey of antibodies to Group A and Group B arboviruses (also designated as
      alphaviruses and flaviviruses respectively) was performed in residents of a
      Murray Valley town eight months after an outbreak of arbovirus illnesses in other
      parts of the region. The sampling pattern was based upon a random selection of
      households. The prevalence of Group A antibodies rose steadily with relation to
      age. The prevalence of Group B antibodies was much lower in all age groups, and
      did not show such a consistent rise with age. No Group B antibodies were found in
      younger residents. This suggests either an unexpectedly rapid decay of the
      particular type of antibody in this age group, or regional variations in the
      prevalence of arbovirus which are not currently understood. Some individuals
      appear to be unusually exposed to arbovirus infection.

PMID- 1083935
TI  - [Drug-induced lupus erythematosus-like syndromes].

PMID- 1083936
TI  - [Pathomorphosis of rheumatic disease].

PMID- 1083937
TI  - Management of intra-abdominal Henoch-Schonlein purpura. The role of surgery.

PMID- 1083938
TI  - Topographical analysis of yeast ribosomal DNA by cleavage with restriction
      endonucleases.
AB  - Yeast ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was digested with the restriction enzymes Hind III,
      Hind II and a mixture of Hind II and Hind III. The cleavage products were
      analyzed by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gels. Several distinct bands could be
      observed, which are derived from the redundant ribosomal transcription units.
      They are superimposed on a rather broad smear of background DNA, representing the
      heterogenous 'spacer' sequences. From the restriction maps, together with data
      obtained by partial digestion, a physical map for the ribosomal transcription
      unit in yeast could be constructed.

PMID- 1083939
TI  - Portasystemic venous shunts (first of two parts).

PMID- 1083940
TI  - Editorial: How lymphocytes kill tumor cells.

PMID- 1083941
TI  - Failure to transfer-factor therapy in chronic active type B hepatitis.

PMID- 1083943
TI  - The role of the theatre during major accidents.

PMID- 1083942
TI  - Letter: Effect of levamisole on E rosettes.

PMID- 1083944
TI  - Report on operating theatre staff training and conditions in Holland.

PMID- 1083945
TI  - 11th Annual Conference, Harrogate. Behind the mask. Chairman's Opening Address.

PMID- 1083946
TI  - 11th Annual Conference, Harrogate. Opening address.

PMID- 1083947
TI  - South Africa 1975.

PMID- 1083948
TI  - Arthroscopy.

PMID- 1083949
TI  - The quality control of sterilization.

PMID- 1083950
TI  - Training of theatre staff.

PMID- 1083951
TI  - Pollution study day.

PMID- 1083952
TI  - Guest editorial: Pointing system for theatre staffing.

PMID- 1083953
TI  - The management of theatre sterile supply units is the responsibility of the
      sterile supply manager.

PMID- 1083954
TI  - Some guidance and basic information relating to the washing process of equipment
      in the CSSD.

PMID- 1083955
TI  - Virus-specific T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity across the H-2 barrier to virus
      altered alloantigen.

PMID- 1083956
TI  - Cytotoxic T lymphocytes recognise allogeneic tolerated TNP-conjugated cells.

PMID- 1083957
TI  - Function of muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

PMID- 1083958
TI  - Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a polyclonal B-cell activator.

PMID- 1083959
TI  - Purported difference between human T-and B-cell surface morphology is an
      artefact.

PMID- 1083960
TI  - [Immunological findings in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG)].

PMID- 1083961
TI  - E rosettes in lymphoproliferative diseases.
AB  - Results are given of investigations of E rosettes in patients with chronic
      lymphadenosis and malignant lymphoma. The quantity of E rosettes was expressed
      both as per cents and in absolute numbers calculated from the total amount of
      lymphocytes in peripheral blood. In the normal controls the percentage of E
      rosettes was 58% on average while in patients with chronic lymphadenosis it was
      found to have decreased significantly down to a mean of 6%. However, in absolute
      values the number of rosette forming lymphocytes was normal and even higher. In
      the group with malignant lymphoma the percentage decrease was less striking than
      in those with chronic lymphadenosis, however, the absolute number of rosette
      forming lymphocytes was always found to be lowered because of evident to
      considerable lymphopenia. A dynamic study of the observed changes might
      contribute to a knowledge of the pathophysiology of lymphoproliferative diseases.

PMID- 1083962
TI  - The effect of apomorphine and ergocriptine on the release of MSH by the pars
      intermedia of Rana pipiens.
AB  - In an attempt to further characterize the nature of the innervation controlling
      melanophore-stimulating hormone (MSH) release from the pars intermedia (PI),
      pellets containing either apomorphine or ergocriptine were implanted in contact
      with the PI of the frog, and the effect on the animal's coloration was observed.
      Frogs with apomorphine implants exhibited skin pallor for several hours and those
      with ergocriptine implants were pallid for a few days. Hypophysectomized (HX)
      frogs which had been darkened with MSH regained their pallor no sooner when given
      an injection of apomorphine than with the vehicle. However, intact dark frogs
      lightened when injected with apomorphine. Frogs darkened by autotransplantation
      of the PI to the dorsal lymph sac were lightened by an injection of apomorphine.
      Frogs lightened by an ergocriptine implant on the PI and then darkened by MSH did
      not lighten sooner than HX frogs given an injection of MSH. Ergocriptine
      containing pellets implanted in the thigh took longer to produce the same effect
      than those implanted in contact with the PI. Since apomorphine is known to
      stimulate dopamine receptors in the central nervous system, and there is some
      evidence that ergocriptine does also, the above evidence supports the hypothesis
      that dopamine receptors are present in the PI.

PMID- 1083963
TI  - Neural blocking activity of multiple sclerosis and EAE sera.

PMID- 1083964
TI  - Selected immunologic parameters of demyelinative diseases.

PMID- 1083965
TI  - Current research in rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1083966
TI  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis as a cause of
      postextraction hemorrhage. Report of a case.
AB  - Presented is a case in which severe, prolonged hemorrhage, subsequent to simple
      dental extractions in an 85-year-old Negro man, was due to disseminated
      intravascular coagulation, with secondary fibrinolysis resulting from metastatic
      adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland. The difficulty and delay in diagnosis,
      selection of proper therapeutic regimen, and complications encountered during
      treatment are discussed.

PMID- 1083967
TI  - Physiological and morphological studies on the primary afferent fiber of the
      spinal cord.

PMID- 1083968
TI  - [Unusual complication of appendectomy].

PMID- 1083969
TI  - The immune response.

PMID- 1083970
TI  - Neonatal host-defense mechanisms.

PMID- 1083971
TI  - [Trichomoniasis in girls].

PMID- 1083972
TI  - Voltage clamp analysis in isolated cardiac fibres as performed with two different
      perfusion chambres for double sucrose gap.
AB  - Voltage clamp experiments were performed on isolated frog atrial trabeculae
      disposed in 2 different perfusion chambres for double sucrose gap. In one of the
      perfusion chambres, a "liquid partition system" (L.P.S.) was used; in the other,
      a vaseline sealing (V.P.S.) method was used to separate the various fluid
      compartments. From the linear electrical properties, the elements of an apparent
      equivalent electrical circuit were calculated. The apparent nodal capacity was
      significantly larger in fibres disposed in the "liquid partition system" than
      those disposed in the "vaseline partition system". The apparent "error factor"
      resulting from the presence of the series resistance was larger in the L.P.S.
      than in the V.P.S. The apparent "error factor" becomes relatively large when the
      membrane conductance increases, such as during the flow of the inward current. A
      rapid desactivation of the peak inward current was found on bringing the command
      potential back to the resting potential in the V.P.S. This was not found in the
      L.P.S., indicating better voltage control with the V.P.S. than with the L.P.S.
      Transmembrane microelectrode recordings during voltage clamp experiment in the
      V.P.S. indicated satisfactory voltage control during the flow of the peak inward
      current. Adequate voltage control is lost when notches or irregularities appear
      on the current traces.

PMID- 1083973
TI  - [Digestive perforation of unusual origin. 2 cases].

PMID- 1083974
TI  - [Effect of immunosuppressive therapy with nitrogen mustard on serum concentration
      of immunoglobulins, C-3 component of complement and alpha-1-antitrypsin in
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1083975
TI  - [Effect of immunosuppressive agents on the humoral immunity].

PMID- 1083976
TI  - [Effect of combined immunosuppressive treatment with Imuran and prednisone on the
      concentration of selected immune proteins in the serum of patients with lupus
      erythematosus].

PMID- 1083977
TI  - A ten-year follow-up of haemorrhagic proctitis.

PMID- 1083978
TI  - [Early functional disorders in 3 children exhibiting an obstructive syndrome and
      an alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency].
AB  - The respiratory function is studied in 3 children, two of which 4 years in age,
      exhibiting a respiratory obstructive syndrome and an alpha1-antitrypsin
      deficiency. The study of the respiratory function is global and regional. The
      disorders noted include a ventilatory asynchronism, a distension, regional
      anomalies of ventilation and perfusion. The ventilatory asynchronism appears to
      be an early disorder in the course of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. These
      results have to be related with the development of the elastic fibers during the
      child's growth.

PMID- 1083979
TI  - Separation of inner and outer membranes of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides.
AB  - The separation of inner and outer membrane of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides has
      been achieved by means of sucrose density gradient (20%, 40%, 60%, w/w)
      centrifugation. The upper fraction of the gradient, with a specific density 1.181
      (g/cm3), is high in cytochrome and succinate dehydrogenase activities, low in
      lipopolysaccharides and it is designated the inner membrane fraction. The bottom
      fraction of the gradient, with a specific density 1.240, is high in
      lipopolysaccharide and contains neither cytochrome nor succinate dehydrogenase
      activities. This fraction is the cell wall or outer membrane fraction. The
      intermediate band on the gradient is an unseparated fraction of inner and outer
      membrane fragments. This fraction has a specific denisty of 1.211 and represents
      less than 3% of total crude envelope. Thin sections of the vesicles of the inner
      membrane fraction and those of outer membrane provide morphological evidence for
      the identity of the individual membrane fractions. At least 22 protein bands are
      resolved by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate slab gel electrophoresis. Six bands
      are present only in the inner membrane and two bands are found exclusively in the
      outer membrane. Most of the remaining polypeptides are present in greater amounts
      in the inner membrane relative to the outer membrane fractions.

PMID- 1083980
TI  - [Biosynthesis of 5- methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine (melatonin) in enterochromaffin
      cells].
AB  - Chromatographic analysis of the alkaline extract of the gastrointestinal mucosa
      of rabbits rich in enterochromaffin cells displayed the presence of melatonin (5
      methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine) and its precursors (5-oxytryptophane, tryptamine,
      serotonine, mexamine) in it. Detection of precursors indicated that not a passive
      accumulation, but an active synthesis of melatonin occurred in the
      enterochromaffin cells. Epiphysis was not the only place of melatonin synthesis.
      Functional condition of enterochromaffin cells was largely determined by the
      extent of physiological and pathological reactions of the organism.

PMID- 1083981
TI  - Antibody-producing cells: virus-induced alteration of response to antigen.
AB  - Spleen antibody-forming cells of mice yield a 3- to 10-fold increase in their
      response to sheep erythrocyte antigen if they are acutely infected by lactate
      dehydrogenase-elevating virus. This early stimulation is replaced by a long-term
      inhibition of the antibody-forming cells as the viremia goes into its persisting
      chronic stage. These contrasting immunological phenomena are examined as
      contributing factors responsible for the enhancement by this virus of
      asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1; L-asparagine amidolydrolase) therapy against leukemia
      in mice, and for the alteration of the susceptibility of mice to various
      neoplastic processes.

PMID- 1083982
TI  - [Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants at the Children's Hospital in Warsaw].

PMID- 1083983
TI  - [Division of the axilla into 2 anatomical groups in the study of radical
      mastectomy specimens from breast cancer].

PMID- 1083984
TI  - [The division of the axilla in 2 anatomical groups in the study of radical
      mastectomy specimens of breast carcinoma].

PMID- 1083985
TI  - [Consideration on the problem of pregnancy with interoccurrency of acute illness
      in the patient and the so called therapeutic abortion].

PMID- 1083986
TI  - [Pregnancy with concurrent acute disease and the so-called therapeutic abortion].

PMID- 1083987
TI  - [Liver injuries. Analysis of 100 cases].

PMID- 1083988
TI  - [Liver injury. Analysis of 100 cases].

PMID- 1083989
TI  - [Use of the N.B.T. test as an auxiliary in the detection of bacterial
      complications of measles].

PMID- 1083990
TI  - [Access to the floor of the orbit].

PMID- 1083991
TI  - [Route of access to the floor of the orbit].

PMID- 1083992
TI  - [Scintigraphic diagnosis].

PMID- 1083994
TI  - [Editorial: Coordination of efforts on health].

PMID- 1083993
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1083995
TI  - [Study of the length of stay in patients submitted to partial
      gastroduodenectomy].

PMID- 1083996
TI  - [Influence of furosemide and propranolol (beta blocking agent) on plasmatic renin
      liberation in dogs].

PMID- 1083997
TI  - [Complications in external cardiorespiratory resuscitation].

PMID- 1083998
TI  - [Involvement of the parotid gland region by Hodgkin's disease as a first clinical
      manifestation. Report of a case].

PMID- 1083999
TI  - [Extrapleural approach to the esophagus through frenolaparatomy].

PMID- 1084000
TI  - [Treatment of bladder exstrophy. Plastic construction].

PMID- 1084001
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1084002
TI  - [Electrophoretic mobility of human lymphocytes purified by nylon columns and
      spontaneous rosettes].
AB  - Cell electrophoresis enables the separation of the lymphocytes in normal human
      blood into two principal groups, as a function of their migration speed in
      relation to 1 mum.sec -1..v-1.cm. In 42 healthy adults, 19,9 % of the lymphocytes
      have a slower migration, and 80,1 % a faster migration than the reference speed.
      Two known methods are used for the selection of the lymphocytic populations :
      spontaneous rosetting with sheep red blood cells, a property of the T
      lymphocytes, and the adherence to nylon wool columns, which is dominant in the
      case of B lymphocytes. The cells which do not form spontaneous rosettes, and the
      cells adhering to nylon wool columns have above all a slow migration. On the
      contrary, cells which do not adhere to nylon columns have a fast migration. These
      arguments are in favour of the T nature of the rapid migrating lymphocytes, and
      of the B nature of the slow migrating lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084003
TI  - [Physical aspects of the identification of nursing problems in kidney patients].

PMID- 1084004
TI  - [Angiographic and clinical postoperative evolution of 100 patients with
      aortocoronary grafts].

PMID- 1084005
TI  - [Antishock effects of trasylol and its protective effects on open heart surgery
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084006
TI  - [Xeroradiography in rheumatology].
AB  - Xeroradiography is a new and simple radiodiagnostic technique that makes it
      possible to analyse on one positive film not only the bone tissue but also the
      neighbouring structures (ligaments, muscles, fatty tissue, the vessels, and the
      skin). On the basis of about 100 examinations, the authors indicate the value and
      the limitations of the technique in rheumatological practice. Because of the
      technical aspects of the technique, the dorsolumbar spine and the facial massif
      are poorly visualized. The swamping of the contrast also limits its use for cases
      of demineralization (osteoporosis). On the other hand, the information provided
      by the technique in cases of Paget's disease, articular or para-articular
      calcification, pathological conditions of the tendons (rupture, calcification),
      and bone tumours appears to be of great value. The early diagnosis of cases of
      inflammatory rheumatism and the surveillance of Silastic prostheses used in
      surgery on rheumatic hands are also facilitated.

PMID- 1084007
TI  - [Osteoid osteoma. 5 cases].
AB  - With reference to five cases of osteoid osteoma, including two para-articular
      cases with articular reaction, two cases with neurological manifestations, and
      one case with a rare costal lesion, the authors demonstrate the difficulty of
      diagnosis in this disease, which is, in principle, well known. In some cases the
      observations extended over seven years. The authors also review the literature on
      this subject.

PMID- 1084008
TI  - [New research on synovial enzymology].
AB  - After reviewing previous work on the subjects, the authors show that the synovial
      fluid in subjects with inflammatory rheumatism contained higher levels of
      lysozyme and of beta-glucuronidase comparable with those of the acid phosphatases
      and of lacto-dehydrogenase that they were interested in previously.

PMID- 1084009
TI  - [Rheumatic manifestations in 80 cases of Crohn's disease].
AB  - Out of a series of 80 patients suffering from Crohn's disease, 31 presented
      rheumatic manifestations. In 16 subjects this took the form of synovitis closely
      dependent on the enteritic evolution, which developed after the alimentary
      symptoms, and which worsened as they did and sometimes regressed as they did
      following medical or surgical treatment. In combination with erythema nodosum,
      aphtosis, and conjunctivitis, synovitis appears to be the expression of an immune
      response to the enteritic lesion. Three cases of chronic polyarthitis and 6 cases
      of asymptomatic sacro-ileitis were also observed, and 6 cases of spondylarthritis
      of a minor radiological type were observed that evolved independently of the
      Crohn's disease. Typing according to the HLA system using 26 antigens was carried
      out in 44 subjects; no difference in phenotype frequency was found between a
      control group (blood donors) and the group of subjects with Crohn's disease
      alone; however, the antigen W 17 was found significantly more frequently in those
      subjects with peripheral arthritis and the antigen W 27 was found more frequently
      in those with spondylarthritis. These findings suggest, although it is not
      certain, the existence of genetic susceptibility to rheumatic manifestations in
      certain sites in patients with Crohn's disease.

PMID- 1084010
TI  - [Pigmented villonodular synovitits of the hip: ultrastructure and aspects on
      scanning electron microscopy].
AB  - The authors studied one case of pigmented, villonodular synovitis (PVNS) of the
      hip by means of optical microscopy and by transmission and scanning electron
      microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the PVNS is
      completely different from that of rheumatic synovitis, in particular that of
      rheumatoid synovitis. The composition and the cellular morphology of the outer
      layer of the PVNS appear, however, to be similar to those of normal synovial
      membrane of arthrosic synovial membrane. Clumps of red corpuscles, enclosed in a
      fibrin network, were visible on the surface of the PVNS in a way that the authors
      has never seen previously in the 19 other human synovial membranes, normal and
      pathological, they had studied in this way. The totality of the microscopic
      findings confirms the importance of the role played by the intra-articular and
      intra-synovial haemorrhages, and by the macrophage reactions that follow, in the
      development of the lesions that characterize PVNS.

PMID- 1084011
TI  - Dual-channel diffractometer utilizing linear image sensor charge-coupled devices.

PMID- 1084012
TI  - [Histiocytosis of the jaw].

PMID- 1084013
TI  - Evidence that carrier-specific B cells play a role in cellular collaboration.
AB  - Evidence is presented showing that carrier-specific B cells play a significant
      role in inducing an anti-hapten antibody response to the thymus-dependent
      antigen, dinitrophenylated monomeric flagellin (DNP-MON), both in vivo and in
      vitro. Inactivation of carrier-specific B cells by (125I) polymeric flagellin
      (POL) suicide decreased the anti-DNP IgM response by 40%-50% and reduced the anti
      DNP IgG response by 85%-90%. Several lines of evidence established that the
      suicide procedure eliminated carrier-specific B cells rather than carrier
      specific T (helper) cells.

PMID- 1084014
TI  - The effect of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies of Fc rosettes.
AB  - This study demonstrated that Fc rosettes detected by antibody-labeled bovine
      erythrocytes can be inhibited by immune complexes of rabbit IgG (b4 allotype) and
      anti-b4 IgG, thus showing that these complexes effectively compete for the
      receptor for erythrocyte-antibody rosettes. Incubation of mouse lymphocytes with
      goat F(ab')2 anti-mouse IgG did not inhibit Fc rosettes. When immunoglobulin on
      murine and human B lymphocytes was redistributed in a polar cap on the membrane
      by interaction with anti-immunoglobulin antibodies, the number of Fc rosettes
      after 'capping' was unchanged; most of the indicator erythrocytes, however, were
      distributed in a cap as well. This erythrocyte cap was superimposed on the
      immunoglobulin cap.

PMID- 1084015
TI  - The role of B-cell memory in secondary IgG and IgM responses.
AB  - Mice were primed with the hapten 3-nitro-4-hydroxy-5 iodophenacetic acid (NIP)
      conjugated to chicken globulin (cg) and were boosted 2, 6, or 12 months later
      with CG conjugates of the related haptens 3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxyphenacetic acid
      (DIP) or 3-nitro-4-hydroxphenacetic acid (NP). Accelerated secondary responses
      were demonstrated both in the 7S and 19S class. Fine-specificities of secondary
      response antibodies were studied by the hapten inhibition method of haptenated
      bacteriophage inactivation. 7S antibodies were found to have the fine-specificity
      of anti-NIP antibodies regardless of whether DIP or NP was the booster hapten
      ('original antigenic sin'). 19S antibodies had the fine-specificity of anti-DIP
      when DIP was the booster hapten. NP as the booster hapten resulted in 19S
      antibodies whose fine-specificity was intermediate between anti-NIP and anti-NP.
      A strong B-cell memory could thus be demonstrated in the 7S antibody response and
      a weak B-cell memory in the 19S antibody response.

PMID- 1084016
TI  - Distribution of cells binding erythrocyte-antibody (EA) complexes in human
      lymphoid populations.
AB  - Cells bearing Fc receptors were studied using a rosette technique with chicken
      erythrocytes coated with rabbit antibodies (EA). By comparison with other markers
      and by selective depletion of T and B cells it was demonstrated that EA rosettes
      were formed by about 10% of the monocytes, 7% of the T lymphocytes, and 45% of
      the B cells. In addition, 26% of EA-rosette-forming cells (EA-RFC) in the
      peripheral blood carried on other markers than C3 receptors. Marked differences
      were found in the percentages of EA-RFC in cell suspensions from various lymphoid
      organs: peripheral blood, 15.2%; spleen, 26.6%; bone marrow, 30.9%; lymph nodes,
      2.8%; thymus, 0.3%; and tonsils, 0.5%. It was concluded that Fc receptors were
      present on subsets of different lymphocyte subpopulations; their presence could
      not be regarded as a specific marker of one of these subpopulations.

PMID- 1084017
TI  - Antibody-dependent cell cytoxicity (ADCC). Characterization of 'killer' cells in
      human lymphoid organs.
AB  - The effector cell(s) in human antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC), with
      antibody-coated chickens erythrocytes as targets, was studied by comparison of
      cell suspensions from various lymphoid organs and by means of various cell
      fractionation methods. Effector cells (K) were found mostly in peripheral blood,
      spleen, and bone marrow but not in tonsils, lymph nodes, and thymus. Effector
      cells bear Fc receptors and can form EA rosettes with the antibody-coated target
      cells. About 1,5% peripheral blood lymphocytes can form 'high-avidity' EA
      rosettes with targets coated at low antiserum concentration. Most of the effector
      cells belong to this small subset, as shown by experiments of selective
      depletion. Removal of most monocytes, T cells, or B cells from, or addition of T
      cell-specific antiserum to, the effector cell suspensions did not affect ADCC.
      Effector cells in this model of ADCC therefore lack the conventional B- or T-cell
      markers but at least some of them are likely to bear C3 receptors.

PMID- 1084018
TI  - Does nonspecific T-lymphocyte stimulation of B lymphocytes occur during reversal
      reaction in borderline leprosy?
AB  - Serum immunoglobulins G, A, and M were estimated in 14 patients with border-line
      cases of leprosy at commencement of treatment and subsequently when they
      developed 'reversal reaction'. There was a significant increase in all
      immunoglobulin levels during the reaction, with a subsequent fall; the
      postreaction values for IgG and IgA were below the base-line figures. Additonal
      investigations in six patients indicated that the rise was a nonspecific one, not
      brought about by an increase in antimycobacterial antibodies. It seems likely
      that the rise in immunoglobulins during reaction is due to nonspecific T
      lymphocyte stimulation of B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084019
TI  - [Therapeutic study of Ibuprofen in consultation in rheumatology].

PMID- 1084020
TI  - Endoscopic removal of gastric and duodenal polyps.
AB  - As endoscopic surgery comes into its own, the applications of this modality are
      increasing. This is well illustrated by the use of endoscopic polypectomy in the
      colon, and more recently by endoscopic polypectomy in the stomach and duodenum.
      We can anticipate increased applicability of these technics as the experience
      widens and the margins of safety increase. The present series of six
      polypectomies from the stomach and duodenum confirms the applicability of
      endoscopic polypectomy for this portion of the gastrointestinal tract, attests to
      its safety, and indicates that these procedures can contribute materially to the
      care of patients with gastric or duodenal polyps. The real and potential problems
      are discussed.

PMID- 1084021
TI  - Coagulation studies in leptospirosis.
AB  - Coagulation and serum F.D.P. studies in 10 leptospirosis patients (5, L.
      bataviae, 2, L. autumnalis, 2, L. australis, and 1, L. akiyami A.)showed
      prolongation of prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time and thrombin
      clotting time, slight low platelet count, depletion of factor V and slightly high
      serum F.D.P. in only four cases. Four cases had bleeding and one case died
      because of severe haemorrhage but with only slight changes in coagulation factors
      and slightly high serum F.D.P. These findings suggested that the damage of
      capillary endothelium was more pronounced than the coagulopathy which may be due
      to liver cell damage.

PMID- 1084022
TI  - A bleeding syndrome in infants: acquired prothrombin complex deficiency of
      unknown aetiology.
AB  - A total of 240 cases of a bleeding syndrome in infants due to prothrombin complex
      deficiency of unknown aetiology were reviewed. The majority of patients were
      breast fed, aged 1-2 months and the syndrome was more prevalent in males.
      Clinical manifestations consisted of bleeding, pallor and mild hepatomegaly in
      the majority of cases. Mild fever, diarrhoea, jaundice, and upper respiratory
      tract infection were associated in a few patients. Acute onset, short course and
      a high rate of intracranial bleeding (65%), particularly subdural and
      subarachnoid, were observed. The haemostatic defects appeared to be a marked
      reduction in factor II, VII, IX, and X. Complete blood counts remained relatively
      normal, with the exception of some changes (anaemia, leukocytosis), in response
      to the acute bleeding. Liver chemistry was normal or slightly impaired. No
      specific pathological changes were noted at autopsy, there were mild changes of
      liver cells, such as rare focal necrosis of liver cells, the proliferation of
      Kupffer cells, extramedullary haemopoeisis and mild cholestasis. Clinical
      improvement and correction of hemostatic defects were noted after vitamin K
      therapy alone or with fresh blood transfusion. Mortality rates were high in
      infants with intracranial bleeding (40-55%), while the overall mortality rate was
      25%. The pathogenesis and the possibility of prevention of the syndrome were
      discussed.

PMID- 1084023
TI  - [Circulating blood volume and regional hemodynamics in acute gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage].

PMID- 1084024
TI  - [T-lymphocytes in the blood and liver tissue in chronic active hepatitis].

PMID- 1084025
TI  - Rupture of the left kidney following renosplenic shunt.
AB  - Kidney rupture following division of the left renal vein during portal
      decompression is presented. A review of the renal venous anatomy is described and
      a possible explanation of this ususual occurrence is offered.

PMID- 1084026
TI  - The late results of terminal esophagoproximal gastrectomy (TEPG) with intensive
      devascularization and splenectomy for bleeding esophageal varices in cirrhosis.
AB  - The operative procedure of terminal esophagoproximal gastrectomy (TEPG) with
      extensive esophagogastric devascularization and splenectomy is described in
      detail and its rationale is discussed. Late results of this operation performed
      therapeutically on 64 patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis revealed that (1)
      operative mortality rate (death within a month) was 11%, mostly being contributed
      by poor-risk patients; (2) over-all survival was 65% at 5 years and 59% at 10
      years; (3) gastrointestinal bleeding recurred in nine patients, five of whom had
      major and four minor hemorrhages; (4) portasystemic encephalopathy was seen
      frequently after shunts had never occurred, and the hepatic encephalopathy was
      only a sequel of major gastrointestinal bleeding or a manifestation of terminal
      stage liver insufficiency; and (5) ascites was not a major clinical problem after
      this operation; mild esophagitis was an occasional complication.

PMID- 1084027
TI  - [The tourniquet-syndrome--a severe complication after embolectomy of saddle
      embolism (author's transl)].
AB  - The symptoms of the tourniquet syndrome (hypotonia, tachycardia, postischemic
      edema, hypercaliemia, metabolic acidosis, myoglobinuria, renal insufficiency)
      could be observed after embolectomy of saddle embolism in 37 patients. 19
      patients died postoperatively; heart insufficiency was demonstrated by autopsy in
      14 patients. The pathophysiology of heart failure in tourniquet syndrome was
      studied in dog experiments after unilateral and bilateral hind limb ischemia. The
      development of shock turned out to be more severe after bilateral ischemia-
      comparable to saddle embolism--than after unilateral ischemia. The course of
      heart failure after recirculation could be referred to hypercaliemia,
      hypermagnesiemia, metabolic acidosis and hemoconcentration. The prophylaxis of
      the tourniquet syndrome can be practised by knowing the pathogenesis.

PMID- 1084028
TI  - [Early postoperative diagnostic management by arterial-reobstruction after
      vascular operations using the ultrasonic flowmeter (author's transl)].
AB  - The Doppler ultrasonic method can confirm the success of the operation in the
      early post-operative phase after reconstructive vascular operations as an
      essential non-invasive technique or clear a doubtful improvement of the blood
      flow. Thus an arteriography can be indicated in good time. On the basis of
      reconstructive cases the usefulness and the advantageous application of the
      Doppler ultrasonic flowmeter in the operating theater is demonstrated.

PMID- 1084029
TI  - [Paraplegia following acute infrarenal aortic occlusion (author's transl)].
AB  - The clinical syndrome of paraplegia following acute occlusion of the infrarenal
      aorta may be caused by either ischemic spinal cord damage or ischemia of the
      cauda equina and sacral nerve roots and ganglia. The neurologic manifestations
      are similar and therefore specific anatomic diagnosis is difficult. From October
      1972 to February 1975 a total of 31 patients with infrarenal aortic occlusion
      were treated at the Medizinische Hochschule in Hannover. In nine cases the
      occlusion up to the renal arteries was acute. Three of these patients presented
      beside acute ischemic manifestations on both legs and the lower abdominal wall,
      neurologic symptoms of paraplegia. The anatomic and hemodynamic aspects of
      ischemic spinal cord damage and those of ischemic lesions of the cauda equina and
      peripheral nerves are discussed. There appear to be three main mechanisms
      responsible for vascular paraplegia following acute infrarenal occlusion of the
      aorta: 1. it may be caused by thrombotic occlusion of a major radicular artery
      which arises below the level of occlusion. 2. it may be produced by thrombosis of
      a lumbar collateral acting as major supply to the cord when arteriosclerotic
      narrowing of the major radicular artery is present. Especially in states of
      severe hypotension critical interference of blood supply to the spinal cord will
      result. 3. Paraplegia by ischemia of the cauda and peripheral nervous tissue may
      also follow prolonged interruption of circulation to this area supplying spinal
      vessels from low lumbar and sacral arteries.

PMID- 1084030
TI  - [On-line monitoring of cardiac output with a new pulse contour computer (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A new pulse contour cardiac output computer, operating from the aortic pressure
      wave form was tested in cardiac surgical patients. Reference cardiac output was
      measured by thermal dilution technique. Satisfactory agreements were obtained
      between the thermal dilution and the COC-pulse-contour cardiac outputs when rapid
      variations of cardiac output occurred as well as slowly developing changes. The
      results show that the computation of the stroke volume from the aortic pressure
      wave form offers a simple, clinically useful method for on-line monitoring of
      cardiac output in critically ill patients. Possible error sources are discussed.

PMID- 1084031
TI  - [Diagnosis, frequency and importance of the "low-output-syndrome" in the
      postoperative period after mitral valve replacement (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1970 until 1975 single mitral valve replacement was carried out in 162
      patients using Bjork-Shiley disc prostheses. The surgical mortality (within 30
      days postoperatively) was 9.3% (n=15). Out of these 15 patients 9 died due to
      myogenic cardiac insufficiency. 21 patients with "Low-output-Syndrome" due to
      myogenic insufficiency however survived. The improvement of intraoperative
      myocardial protection since 1972 (using hypothermia and cardioplegic induced
      cardiac arrest) reduced the frequency of myogenic cardiac insufficiency to 1%.
      Unrelated to the above mentioned we saw in 18.5% of all patients after ECC
      procedures a temporary "Low-output-Syndrome" after the 3rd postoperative day due
      to pericardial effusion.

PMID- 1084032
TI  - [Acute left heart failure following repair of atrial septal defects. Its
      treatment by reopening].
AB  - Among 716 patients operated on for an ASD, 15 of them, following closure of the
      defect, developed acute left heart failure requiring partial re-opening. The most
      prominent anatomical finding in these cases was hypoplasia of the left ventricle.
      Also remarkable in some patients was severe pulmonary hypertension, which may
      have led to right ventricular hypertrophy. Therefore, a marked difference of the
      stroke work of the left and right ventricle, respectively, appeared to be the
      essential underlying hemodynamic mechanism. The prognosis has been found to
      depend mainly on prompt surgical intervention; so in all poor-risk cases
      continued monitoring of left atrial pressure is indicated for early detection of
      impending left heart failure.--The high incidence of left heart failure as cause
      of death after repair of an ASD indicates the importance of this complication.

PMID- 1084033
TI  - [Determination of serum-digitalisglycoside concentrations by radioimmunoassay
      before, during and after operations with extracorporal circulation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 13 adult patients serum-glycoside concentrations, renal glycoside elimination
      and endogenic creatinine clearance were determined before, during and in the
      first 4 days following the operation. A postoperative digitalis cumulation has
      not been seen. But there was a diminished digitalis tolerance in the immediate
      postoperative phase. Two patients got ventricular bigeminus. The low potassium
      values at the same time may possibly affect the sensitivity of digitalis.

PMID- 1084034
TI  - [Effect of intraaortic-ballon-counterpulsation on the changes of myocardial blood
      flow following coronary artery stenosis and occlusion (author's transl)].
AB  - To prove the effectiveness of the IABP in case of impending myocardial infarction
      in one series of experiments myocardial blood flow changes due to IABP in dogs
      with stenosis of the left circumflex coronary artery (LC) were investigated using
      tracer microspheres. In a control series the left anterior descending artery
      (LAD) was occluded. In acute LAD occlusion the IABP caused an increase of blood
      flow in the epicardial layer. In case of LC stenosis there was a far greater
      increase in blood flow by the IABP most prominent in the endocardial layer. Our
      experiments indicate that the IABP seems to be effective in impending myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1084035
TI  - [Improvement of myocardial blood flow and cardiac hemodynamic by means of
      intraaortic balloon pumping IABP during experimental heart failure (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The influence of the intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) on the hemodynamic and
      coronary blood flow under control conditions and after experimental heart failure
      induced by coronary artery ligature was proved on eight dogs. By timely use of
      IABP (systolic pressure over 60-70 mmHg), the cardiac hemodynamics can be
      improved by means of reducing myocardial oxygen demands, and on the other hand by
      raising the coronary perfusion and oxygen supply.

PMID- 1084036
TI  - [Intra-aortic balloon pumping in cardiogenic shock after cardiac surgery
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of intra-aortic balloon pumping in 7 patients with cardiogenic shock
      after cardiac surgery are reported. 2 patients were unresponsive to IABP, 4
      patients showed initial stabilization of the circulation, but became IABP
      dependent and died. One patient could be weaned from IABP, but died of
      uncontrollable cardiac arrhythmias. These results are discussed.

PMID- 1084037
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapy of postoperative cardiac low-output-syndrome by means of
      intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) or external counterpulsation (ECP)--a
      comparison (author's transl)].
AB  - A beneficial influence on the myocardial energy imbalance of the hypoxaemically
      damaged heart can be reached with either intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) or
      external counterpulsation (ECP). In the realm of our acquired clinical experience
      with two groups of patients, the technical demands of these cardiac assist
      devices are discussed and distinguished from one another in relation to different
      indications.

PMID- 1084038
TI  - [Respiratory care in infants following cardiac surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on results in postoperative intensive care of 73 infants. 37 underwent
      corrective surgery on extracorporeal circulation (mortality 24,3%), 36 were
      operated on without ECC (mortality 16.7%). All infants had been intubated by the
      nasotracheal route, 39 were treated with CPPV (mean duration 32.5 h), 23 with
      IPPV (mean duration 28 h). Almost 50% were treated with +7 cm H2O CPAP (mean
      duration 32 h). Advantages and potential hazards of CPPV and CPAP are discussed.

PMID- 1084039
TI  - [Disturbances of ventilatory distribution as a cause of postoperative hypoxemia
      after cardio-thoracic surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - In a group of 21 patients with thoracotomy the lung function was investigated pre
      and postoperatively with particular consideration to N2-clearance. From the N2
      clearance an Inspiratory Gas Distribution Index (IDI) is derived. This Index
      allows in combination with blood gas analysis an interpretation of ventilatory
      disturbances in the lung.

PMID- 1084040
TI  - [Postoperative analgetics in patients after thorax surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - The amount and sort of analgetics given postoperatively in 1000 patients who had
      major heart or lung surgery was statistically analysed. A critical review of
      comparable literature revealed that all about analgetics usually is estimated.
      New and more objective criteria were found.

PMID- 1084041
TI  - [Postoperatives acute renal failure after operations with extracorporeal
      circulation (author's transl)].
AB  - An acute renal failure was observed postoperatively in 3,45% of 929 patients
      operated with the heart lung machine during the years 1970-1972. Because of the
      bad results of any therapy in the case of acute postoperative renal failure, the
      diagnostic procedures of the preoperative renal function were intensified of the
      preoperative renal function were intensified in order to prevent an acute
      postoperative renal failure. Therefore additional measurements of the creatinine
      clearance and in few cases radioisotopic clearance tests were done.

PMID- 1084042
TI  - [Drug induced acute renal failure after heart surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - The incidence of acute renal failure following cardiac surgery was markedly
      increased during the last years in our medical center. There was no correlation
      to known etiologic factors such as preexisting disease, hemolysis, low perfusion
      rates, post-operative low output syndrome etc. Post-operative renal failure was
      mainly seen in children between 2 and 10 years and was noted after 3-4 days of
      normal renal function. Peritoneal dialysis was carried out in 39% of out patients
      and the overall mortality was 10.7%. Careful analysis of our cases exhibited a
      correlation of the post operative acute renal failure to the intravenous
      application of Aescin. After abandoning this drug from our post-operative therapy
      we did not observe a similar case since almost one year.

PMID- 1084043
TI  - [Treatment of postoperative renal insufficiency after cardiovascular surgical
      procedures by peritoneal dialysis (author's transl)].
AB  - In 1972 and 1973 there have been 698 (351 with ECC) cardiovascular surgical
      procedures. 29 cases of renal insufficiency were seen in this group, 15 requiring
      peritoneal dialysis. There were only two survivors in the latter group. However
      none died due to renal insufficiency. The indication, technique, complications,
      results are discussed in detail.

PMID- 1084044
TI  - [Experiences in the treatment of acute renal failure following cardiovascular
      surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - After 9021 cardiovascular operations 210 patients developed acute renal failure.
      140 (67%) out of this group died. The mortality rate of acute renal failure could
      be reduced from 80% (1958-1966) to 50% (1973-1974). Dialysis treatment should
      begin early and also in special cases, in which the cause of acute renal failure
      is not under control. Beyond optimal dialysis therapy common intensive care is
      important for the prognosis of acute renal failure, especially adaption of drugs
      to renal function (antibiotics and digitalis), high-caloric alimentation,
      consequent treatment of infections, strict balance of fluid and electrolytes.

PMID- 1084045
TI  - [Mortality and preoperative left ventricular function in aortocoronary bypass
      surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Left ventricular function in 8 patients with coronary heart disease, who died
      during or immediately after surgery, was compared with the corresponding data of
      25 survivors. Both groups were similar in age and had about the same number of
      myocardial infarctions preoperatively. For LVEDP, EDV, EF and VCF critical values
      could be defined, which were found in none of the survivors. These values were:
      LVDEP approximately 20 mm Hg, EDV approximately 150 ml/m2, EF less than 30% and
      VCF less than 0,4 circ/s. The least prognostic significance was found for LVEDP;
      EDV and VCF correlated best with the surgical risk.

PMID- 1084046
TI  - [Acupuncture analgesia and controlled respiration. A new modified method of
      anesthesia in open heart surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - From October 1973 to February 1975 cardiac surgery with extracorporal circulation
      using Acupuncture as analgesia was performed in 88 patients in the surgical
      clinic of the University of Giessen. Acupuncture is performed by electric
      stimulation of 8 points at the lower legs, the neck and ears with 90 V and 5-6
      Hz. All patients are intubated; controlled respiration is maintained with 50% O2
      and 50% N2O. During the whole operation, 20 minutes after intubation the patients
      are responsible. The main advantage of the new method we see in a good
      postoperative cooperation of the patients, which are generally extubabed in the
      operation room.

PMID- 1084047
TI  - [Immunglobulin levels and alterations of the lymphocyte function after
      extracorporal circulation and massive blood transfusion (author's transl)].
AB  - Cardiovascular operations are connected with an increased risk of infection.
      Postoperatively there happened a temporary fall of all immunglobulin levels.
      Concerning the cellular immunity, we found an impressive decrease of the
      transformation of the lymphocytes in the presence of polyclonal mitogens which
      normalises only partially after the eighth day. These results refer to a complex
      alteration of the immunological apparatus, imposing as a temporary
      immundeficiency, and could contribute to an elucidation of the increased risk of
      infections.

PMID- 1084049
TI  - [Heart valve surgery in bacterial endocarditis (author's transl)].
AB  - Bacterial endocarditis was the cause of heart valve destruction in 23 patients.
      Additional 5 patients were reoperated because of an infected valve prothesis. 13
      were operated upon during the inactive stage. Nevertheless infection recurred
      after operation at least in one patient. 10 patients underwent operation during
      the active stage, 6 of these with stable cardiac function, 4 in cardiogenic
      shock. Hospital mortality was 2/6 and 1/4 respectively. One patient died after
      three months of persisting infection. Three of five patients with infected valve
      prosthesis survived reoperation. An attempt is made to define the indication for
      valve surgery in bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 1084048
TI  - [The influence of increased clotting reactions as shown by thrombosis formation
      in the immediate postoperative period on aortic valve prothesis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Massive thrombosis formation on the valve periphery and on the top surface of the
      valve occurred in three patients (1,5%) in the immediate postoperative period
      with the Bjork-Shiley valve in the aortic position. Between the third and sixth
      day these patients died of acute heart failure as a result of coronary artery
      displacement. Upon autopsy operative technical complications and postoperative
      infections were ruled out as the cause of death. What appears to be clinically
      important is an increase in clotting time in the immediate postoperative period
      which can be proven statistically. This increased clotting inclination was only
      found in these three patients and in one patient with frequent immediate
      postoperative peripheral embolic episodes. We therefore feel that early
      anticoagulation therapy is necessary. Heparin administration is preferred as it
      not only lowers the clotting ability of the blood but also the adhesive quality
      of the platelets.

PMID- 1084050
TI  - [Reversibility or irreversibility of pulmonary function changes after cardiac
      surgery on insufficient or stenotic cardiac valves (author's transl)].
AB  - In 69 patients with mitral- or aortic valves disease lung function tests were
      made preoperatively and 2 to 4 years after cardiac surgery. We wanted to
      demonstrate the extent and the improvement of restriction, obstruction and
      disturbed diffusing capacity of the separate diseases with different severities.
      We found correlations between the clinical grade of the disease and the changes
      in lung function. In particular grade III of the mitral stenosis showed severe
      restriction, obstruction and disturbed diffusing capacity. Patients with mitral
      insufficiency III had changes of mild degree, aortic diseases were without
      disturbed lung function. All detected changes of lung function were irreversible
      and could not be influenced by postoperative hemodynamic improvements.

PMID- 1084051
TI  - [The correlation between pulmonary hypertension and histological findings of the
      pulmonary vessels in congenital heart disease (author's transl)].
AB  - In nearly 100 infants the hamodynamic and histological findings of pulmonary
      hypertension in congenital heart diseases are correlated when a banding-procedure
      was done. There were: 45 ventricle septal defects, 10 atrio-ventricular canals,
      13 transpositions of the great arteries, 16 patent ductus arteriosus and 7
      miscellaneous. A hamodynamic hypertension was more frequent than the histological
      hypertension; but there was a difference in the different heart diseases: The
      patients with patent ductus arteriosus and hypertension show only in a few cases
      histological alterations; in infants with VSD the correlation was much more
      better. Whether a banding procedure of the pulmonary artery is able to provide
      the progress of pulmonary sclerosis may be discussed after a second excision of
      lung-tissue when the correction of the heart disease is done.

PMID- 1084052
TI  - [Atypical aortic coarctation (author's transl)].
AB  - Special problems in the surgical treatment of aortic coarctation may be caused by
      unusual morphological findings as a long hypoplastic segment, the combination
      with pre- or poststenotic aneurysms or by atypical localisation of the stenosis
      in the aortic arch, the decreasing or abdominal aorta. A bypass procedure is
      considered as the method of choice for the repair of coarctation in the aortic
      arch or the "critical zone" of the abdominal aorta (renal- and suprarenal
      segment). The bypass-principle allows many variations of branching and avoids
      cross-clamping of the aorta. The involvement of important branches as is the left
      common carotid, the superior mesenteric or the renal artery, necessitates a
      vascular reconstruction in the same session. Probably the first report about a
      very rare combined lesions is presented: the combination of an aortic arch
      coarctation in association with a complete situs inversus (right descending
      aorta), a common carotid trunc, an aneurysm of the left subclavian artery (first
      branch of the arch) and congenital cysts of the right upper lobe of the lung
      (Case No. 1). Usually concomitant aneurysms are found in the pre- or poststenotic
      aortic segment. Some of the infrarenal fusiform aneurysms (Case No. 4 and 5) are
      occasionally of poststenotic origin, secondary to a longstanding infrarenal
      coarctation. In these cases the procedure of choice is the total exstirpation and
      the interposition of a Dacrongraft. Important branches (as the subclavian or
      renal artery) can be some times inserted directly in the vascular protheses.
      Using the bypass technic or the patch graftplastic of Vosschulte the risk of late
      operation (beyond the age of 30 years) may be remarkably reduced.

PMID- 1084053
TI  - [Congenital incomplete aortic-arch-syndrome as a rare cause of cerebral ischemia
      in consequence of a steal-syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - A subclavian-steal-syndrome of a congenital origin is a rare observation. The
      authors report on a 27 years old female patient with characteristic symptoms. The
      vascular deformity consisted of a right-sided aortic arch, a right descending
      aorta, separate origins of the anonymous and the right carotid arteries, and an
      aplasia of the proximal parts of the left carotid and the left subclavian
      arteries. A combined dacron-venous-bypass was placed from the ascending aorta to
      the left arm-neck arteries and thus cerebral circulation was improved and the
      patient got free from symptoms. Special problems of morphology and hemodynamics
      are discussed on the hand of arteriograms.

PMID- 1084054
TI  - [Rupture of the right atrium following blunt trauma of the thorax (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A rupture of the right atrium following blunt trauma of the thorax was operated
      with success. The effectiveness of different diagnostic procedures is discussed.

PMID- 1084055
TI  - [Single staged correction of congenital heart disease with patent ductus
      arteriosus: ductclosure with metal clip via a median sternotomy incision
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Using the Hemoclips a patent ductus arteriosus can easily be closed at its
      pulmonary origin via a median sternotomy incision. This enlarges the surgical
      indication for single staged correction of congenital heart lesions combined with
      a patent ductus arteriosus.

PMID- 1084056
TI  - [Different ultrastructure of the right and left myocardium after preservation for
      24 hours (author's transl)].
AB  - After a 24 hrs' preservation of rat hearts, in 22% the viability test with
      allogenic perfusion showed a singular recovery of the right ventricle (57 of 257
      experiments). The ultrastructural aspects correlate with the differences of the
      function. The micrographs of the right myocardium show--except a mild edema-
      ultrastructural integrity, but the micrographs of the left myocardium show marked
      alterations of the ultrastructure: edema, swollen mitochondria with destroyed
      cristal membranes, swelling of the sacrotubular system and alterations of
      myofibrils.

PMID- 1084057
TI  - [Experimental aorto-coronary artery bypass without extracorporeal circulation.
      Investigations in sheeps (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084058
TI  - [Mediastinal chondrosarcoma (author's transl)].
AB  - A 41 years old female patient was operated on account of mediastinal tumour. A
      chondrosarcoma of 10 X 8 X 8 cm was removed. The patient remained symptomfree and
      had no complaints over 4 years after the operation, but after this relapse and
      pulmonary metastasis developed. In connection with the demonstrated case the
      referring literature of mediastinal chondrosarcomas was surveyed and it could be
      established that this is the twentieth published case about mediastinal
      chondrosarcoma.

PMID- 1084059
TI  - [Pulmonary sequestration combined with Bochdalek's hernia (author's transl)].
AB  - Representation on a case of lung sequestration in combination with a hernia of
      Bochdalek in a nine weeks old infant. A high standing right diaphragm, diagnosed
      through the X-ray pictures, commanded thoracotomy as choice approach to the
      diaphragm. On the inspection, we found a Bochdalek hernia and as an incidental
      finding, on the same side, a partly extralobar, partly intralobar sequestration
      of the lung.

PMID- 1084060
TI  - [Pulmonary rhabdomyosarcoma (author's transl)].
AB  - A 55-years old patient is reported who became ill with recurrent attacks of
      coughing and haemoptysis some 3 weeks before death. An extensive mediastinal
      tumor was demonstrated radiologically. Pathoanatomical examination showed a
      pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the lower left pulmonary lobe with metastases in
      the right lung and regional lymph nodes.

PMID- 1084061
TI  - [Analysis of two different surgical corrections of the coarctation of the aorta
      (follow up examination of 49 children) (author's transl)].
AB  - 36 children operated upon with the diagnosis coarctation of the aorta have been
      controlled in a follow-up examination. We payed special attention to the surgical
      technique and brought the results in connection with the method of operation. One
      group had the stenosis corrected by resection and end-to-end-anastomosis, the
      second group with plastic operation, either by a longitudinal incision, resection
      of a diaphragm and transverse closure, or by improving the dilatation using a
      dacron patch. The results in both groups are satisfactory. Actually we prefer to
      carry out the resection with end-to-end anastomosis. Plastic correction remains
      reserved for selected cases. We believe that the high mortality rate in infants
      can be reduced by operation in hypothermy and by removing the stenosis as
      completely as possible.

PMID- 1084062
TI  - Cross-reactivity between the first and second segregant series of the HLA system.

PMID- 1084063
TI  - Structure-toxicity relationships of 2,6,7-trioxabicyclo(2.2.2)octanes and related
      compounds.

PMID- 1084064
TI  - [Nuclear structures at late stages of Rana temporaria oogenesis. II.
      Autoradiographic data].
AB  - Seasonal dynamics of RNA synthesis in the nuclei of 3rd year vitellogenetic
      oocytes of Rana temporaria has been studied by autoradiography. The nucleoli and
      chromosomes exhibit the highest level of RNA synthesis in summer, when lampbrush
      chromosomes are well developed, and multiple nucleoli start moving away from the
      nuclear membrane. The weakening of RNA synthesis is observed in autumn, when the
      nuclear structures assemble in the centre of the nucleus to form the karyosphere.
      The synthesis level is the lowest in winter, and increases in spring. The
      karyosphere of Rana temporaria is involved in protein metabolism of oocytes.
      Possible reasons of the seasonal RNA synthesis dynamics by the oocyte nuclei are
      discussed.

PMID- 1084065
TI  - [Effects of Hodgkin cytotoxic serum on electrophoretic mobility of normal and
      Hodgkin peripheral blood lymphocytes. (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of Hodgkin patient cytotoxic sera on the electrophoretic mobility of
      normal and Hodgkin peripheral blood allo-lymphocytes has been studied. Contact
      with cytotoxic serum determined a significant decrease in the electrophoretic
      mobility of lymphocytes, due to the presence of cytotoxic antibody on the
      lymphocyte surface. The antibody seems to be directed against T-lymphocytes. The
      results are discussed in the light of the preceding data by the authors on the
      role of anti-T-autoantibodies in Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1084066
TI  - [Progress in the diagnosis and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].

PMID- 1084067
TI  - [Symposium on non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Damp/Ostsee, Tyskland, November 3-8, 1975].

PMID- 1084068
TI  - Early acute aseptic iritis after cataract extraction.
AB  - Severe iritis which occurs within the first five days after cataract extraction
      may be categorized as (1) bacterial endophthalmitis, (2) toxic iritis, or (3)
      aseptic iritis. These entities can sometimes be distinguished because of their
      clinical features. If bacterial endophthalmitis is suspected, anterior chamber
      paracentesis should be considered and appropriate antibiotic treatment should be
      initiated. Acute iritis may result from the introduction of toxic agents into the
      eye, and may follow the use of products sterilized with ethylene oxide. Early
      acute aseptic iritis probably occurs more often than has previously been
      recognized. Response to intensive anti-inflammatory treatment is usually prompt
      and dramatic. The judicious use of cryoextraction and the careful manipulation of
      intraocular tissues may minimize the incidence and the severity of postoperative
      inflammation.

PMID- 1084069
TI  - Treatment of postcataract bacterial endophthalmitis with periocular and systemic
      antibiotics and corticosteriods.

PMID- 1084070
TI  - The effects of high-single-dose alternate-day prednisone on the immunological
      status of patients with neuromuscular diseases.

PMID- 1084071
TI  - Immunological studies in myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 1084072
TI  - Analysis of eye movements in members of a family with late-onset, dominantly
      inherited cerebellar ataxia.

PMID- 1084073
TI  - [Prolonged vestibular disorders after repeated stapedoplasty].

PMID- 1084075
TI  - [Cochleo-vestibular syndromes in different degree of lesions].

PMID- 1084074
TI  - [Present-day theories on the role of vestibular vascular reflexes in the
      regulation of cerebrovascular circulation and the mechanism of vestibular
      reactions].

PMID- 1084076
TI  - [Electric stimulation of intestinal motility in the postoperative period].
AB  - The authors performed 208 electric stimulations of the bowel motor activity with
      the aim of prophylaxis and treatment of its postoperative paresis. The studies 
      have shown that electric stimulation accelerated considerably the process of
      rehabilitation of the bowel motor function, but it would not prevent the
      development of grave functional intestinal obstruction. But nevertheless 
      electric stimulation is a highly effective method in the complex of measures for
      treatment of grave functional intestinal obstruction. Electric stimulation of the
      bowel should be introduced in every day practice of intensive postoperative care
      departments.

PMID- 1084077
TI  - [Intestinal lesions after chemical burns of the digestive tract].
AB  - Based on the analysis of 235 patients with chemical burns of the esophagus and
      stomach and their sequelae, as well as the data of 111 pathoanatomical and
      medicolegal autopsies in persons, died in different periods after poisoning with
      corrosive substances, a burn of the duodenum and small intestine was observed in
      71 cases. It was found that such factors as an intake of large doses of caustic
      liquors, poisoning in full stomach, especially in a state of alcohol
      intoxication, largely contribute to retropyloric penetration of a corrosive
      substance. A burn of the duodenum and small intestine would considerably
      aggravate the life prognosis during the first days of poisoning, and the former
      was observed in every second patient who died. In later period insignificant
      lesions disappeared completely, while at the site of deep burns an isolated or
      associated narrowing of the duodenum and small intestine developed. Surgical
      interventions were performed mainly in later periods in the presence of scarring
      contractions of the duodenum and small intestine, that impede an intestinal
      passage, and were aimed at its restoration. In the early period operations were
      performed only in life risk complications (intestinal hemorrhages, peritonitis),
      and these were of a palliative character.

PMID- 1084078
TI  - [Roentgenological studies in neoplasm metastases into the brain].

PMID- 1084079
TI  - Fragmentation of bacteriophage S13 replicative form DNA by restriction
      endonucleases from Hemophilus influenzae and Hemophilus aegyptius.

PMID- 1084080
TI  - [Effect of motion sickness on the activity of certain blood serum enzymes and the
      functional state of the sympathoadrenal system].

PMID- 1084081
TI  - Aorta-coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1084082
TI  - [Disorders of blood clotting and fibrinolysis in patients operated on for
      bleeding esophageal varices].

PMID- 1084083
TI  - [Irradiated cases of cervical and breast cancer II. Comparative investigation of
      the immune status of irradiated cases with stage III cancer of the cervix and
      operated, non-irradiated cases (author's transl)].
AB  - Eleven patients with stage-III cancer of the cervix were investigated before,
      during and after radio-therapy in regard to their state of humoral immunity on
      the basis of determinations of the serum IgG, IgM and IgA concentration, of
      hetero- and isoagglutinins, of tetanus antitoxin before and after vaccination
      with toxoid, of measles antibodies and of the percentage of lymphocyte membrane
      fluorescence. The cellular immunity of the same patients was investigated by
      determination of the percentage of spontaneously-rosetting lymphocytes, of skin
      test reactivity with DNCB before and after sensitization, of skin-test reactivity
      with candida, trichophyton, varidase, OT and staphylo antigen. The function of
      polymorpho-nuclear leucocytes was investigated by means of the NVT test and St.
      aureus, E. coli and latex particles. All investigations were performed both
      before, and 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after the commencement of radiotherapy and the
      results were compared with those of an operated, non-irradiated group (stages I b
      and II a). Two types of noteworthy results were observed: 1. A decrease in
      immunological reactivity, probably in connection with cancer, since this reaction
      was observed both in irradiated and in non-irradiated cases, characterized by
      lowered or absent immune answer to tetanus toxoid, lymphopenia, decrease in
      sensitization to DNCB and less positive skin tests to old tuberculin and
      varidase. 2. An additional inhibition (although in one investigation stimulation
      of the immune answer was also seen), probably in connection with radiotherapy,
      characterized by an additional decrease in immune answer to tetanus toxoid, in
      skin sensitivity to DNCB sensitization and in tests with old tuberculin, and an
      augmented lymphopenia, as well as an increase in positive skin tests with
      varidase. No significant changes were observed with any other method.

PMID- 1084084
TI  - [Stomach perforation and hemorrhage after long-term administration of
      antirheumatic agents].

PMID- 1084085
TI  - [Rehabilitation in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1084086
TI  - [Guidelines for physical therapy in old age].

PMID- 1084088
TI  - [Secretion of a mu chain protein in lymphocyte culture of a malignant lymphoma].

PMID- 1084087
TI  - [ Histopathological changes in the thymus of the white mouse after infection with
      Toxoplasma gondii (author's transl)].
AB  - Three days after infection of mice with a virulent strain of T. gondii first
      histopathological destructions of the thymus are visible. The number of
      lymphocytes decreases step by step till to the animals' day of death on the 7th
      day p.i. At this time the cortex has lost all its thymocytes.
      Electronmicroscopical pictures show destruction of most of the reticulum cells
      and lymphocytes. In those cells which are still alive multiplicaiton of
      Toxoplasma trophozoites is to be seen. A lot of parasites are lying extracellular
      in the detritus of the destroyed thymus-cells. After infection of mice with an
      avirulent strain of T. gondii there is a loss of lymphocytes in the cortex of the
      thymus too. Starting at day 5th to 7th p.i. it reaches its peak at the time of
      the 10th to 15th day after infection. After this period restitution of
      lymphocytes in the cortex is going on. At about the 30th day p.i. replacement of
      all the lymphocytes is finished. Sometimes the cortex seems to be enlarged, that
      means now there are more thymocytes in the cortex than in uninfected controls.
      Neither reticulum cells nor lymphocytes show destruction of their ultrastructure.
      Only a process of activation of the lymphocytes can be seen by
      electronmicroscopy. In the lymphocytes the mitochondria are enlarged and there
      are more than in the controls. At the same time Golgi-apparatus and endoplasmatic
      reticulum become prominent.

PMID- 1084089
TI  - [Generalized form of histiocytosis X with lymph node and lung involvement].

PMID- 1084090
TI  - [Macrophage transformation of lymphocytes in culture].

PMID- 1084091
TI  - [Mercury-free polarographic method of studying fructosuria in connective tissue
      diseases].

PMID- 1084092
TI  - [Analysis of central mechanisms of interoceptive influence on vestibulo-somatic
      reflexes].

PMID- 1084093
TI  - [Simultaneous vaccination with BCG and measles vaccine: results of a controlled
      trial].
AB  - The main purpose of the controled assay on a combination of B.C.G. and measles
      vaccine was to ascertain whether these two vaccines could be administered on
      young children in simultaneous injections, in two different parts of the body and
      on the same day, and whether in that case they led to rates of haemagglutination
      inhibitory antibodies against measles on the one hand, and induration diameters
      of Mantoux's intradermoreactions against B.C.G. on the other, not inferior to
      rates and diameters obtained when using the same vaccines separately. This
      survey, carried out in Cameroon, involved one thousand individuals. It confirms
      the suggestion that the two vaccinations may be carried out simultaneously when
      circumstances require an early and total protection of a child population with
      minimum sanitary stress.

PMID- 1084094
TI  - [Experimental and clinical experiences in the arterialisation of the heart veins.
      Surgical modification of the left ventricle in coronary sclerosis].

PMID- 1084095
TI  - A reexamination of "neck reflex" eye movements in the rabbit.
AB  - Horizontal eye movements of rabbits were recorded during sinusoidal oscillation
      (15-40 degrees, pk-pk; 0.1-8 Hz) and step displacement of the body in yaw about a
      fixed head. Modulated, slow-phase eye movements followed all frequencies of
      stimulus with relatively invariant amplitudes (2-4 degrees). Saccadic movements,
      up to 17 degrees, accompanied all frequencies of oscillation and particularly
      step displacements. Saccadic amplitude was unrelated to measurable
      characteristics of the stimuli but was a function of arousal. The latency of any
      eye movement was a minimum of 80 msec. It is concluded that none of the observed
      eye movements provide stabilization during head movements but are evidence of the
      contribution of neck information to general mechanisms of whole body orientation.

PMID- 1084096
TI  - The origin of slow potentials in semicircular canals of the frog.
AB  - Slow potentials generated in the sensory organ of the ampulla were recorded in
      isolated semicircular canals of the frog by means of fluid electrodes. These
      potentials, which may be picked up from the intrampullar fluid and those from the
      ampullar nerve appear to be generated at different stages of the process taking
      place in crista ampullaris. Slow intra-ampullar potentials apparently reflect
      receptor potentials of hair cells. They are preserved after degeneration of the
      nerve fibre endings and are relatively insensitive to DNP poisoning; their
      amplitude is maximum at high K+ concentrations. Slow nerve potentials appear to
      be due to electronic spreading of post-synaptic excitatory potentials generated
      at cytoneural junctions. They disappear after degeneration of the nerve fibres,
      in low Ca++ and high Mg++ solutions and are extremely sensitive to DNP poisoning.
      An analysis of the time-course of the slow ampullar and nerve potentials referred
      to the discharge of impulses in afferent fibres was performed with a view to
      interpreting the transduction mechanism of semicircular canals.

PMID- 1084097
TI  - The fine structure of freeze-fractured intercellular junctions in the guinea pig
      inner ear.

PMID- 1084098
TI  - In vitro effect of metronidazole on the ultrastructure of Trichomonas vaginalis
      donne.
AB  - The effect of metronidazole on the growth and fine structure of exponeentially
      growing cells of Trichomonas vaginalis was examined. Cell division stopped about
      one hour after the addition of 1-4 mug/ml of metronidazole, and the cells were
      apparently arrested in the interphase. One to two hours after the addition of
      metronidazole, the movement of flagella and of the undulating membrane had
      decreased, but cell death had not occurred until 7-8 hours later. The fine
      structure of the cytoplasm was changed 30 to 60 minutes after addition of
      metronidazole. Proportionally, the number of polyribosomes had decreased whereas
      the number of single ribosomes in the cytoplasm had increased. The electron
      density of the cytoplasmic matrix was higher in cells which were treated with
      metronidazole than in cells from control cultures. The findings of the present
      study indicate that the initial effect of metronidazole on T. vag. cells in vitro
      is an inhibition of cell multiplication as well as an impairment of protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 1084099
TI  - Tissue localization of some teratogens at early and late gestation related to
      fetal effects.

PMID- 1084100
TI  - Debate on coronary artery disease. Pro: unstable angina: the case for surgical
      treatment.

PMID- 1084101
TI  - Comparison of skin test results obtained with different dust, Dermatophagoides;
      Acarus siro and spider extracts.
AB  - The authors describe the comparative analysis of skin tests performed in 87
      asthmatic children with extracts of house dust, grain dust and different
      arthropodes beloging to the Arachidaegenus. Most of these patients were living in
      traditional agricultural environment. Reactions to the Acarus siro and grain dust
      (Sevac) extracts gave significant correlation, whereas house dust did not show
      this agreement. Extracts from spiders (Aranidae) caused often, in 40% of
      asthmatic children, positive skin reaction; that was the same frequency as with
      Dermatophagoides, nevertheless the correlation was only partial. The authours
      conclude that Acarus siro and antigenically related mites are the main
      allergizing component of grain dust; excretes of spiders display a comparable
      allergizing factor in house dust as do Pyroglyphid mites in this area.

PMID- 1084102
TI  - Effect of pulsatile and nonpulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass on left
      ventricular ejection fraction early after aortocoronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1084104
TI  - Taking exception to problem-oriented nursing care.

PMID- 1084105
TI  - Use of problem-oriented medical record in psychiatry: a survey of university
      based residency training programs.
AB  - A survey of university-based psychiatric residency training programs revealed
      that nearly one-half of them use the problem-oriented medical record (POMR) and
      that conversion to this system appears to be growing rapidly. Experiences with
      the method have in general been positive. The author identifies factors
      associated with successful operation of the POMR and suggests that an integrated,
      hospital-wide adoption of the system may be crucial.

PMID- 1084103
TI  - The endoscopic diagnosis of upper-gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Changing concepts
      of etiology and management.

PMID- 1084106
TI  - [Hemophilias with major deficiency in antihemophilic factor. Von Willebrand's
      disease. Circulating anti-AHG anti-AHG anticoagulants].

PMID- 1084107
TI  - [Surgical experience in Lille with patients with hemophilia and Von Willebrand's
      disease. Apropos of 93 cases].

PMID- 1084108
TI  - Analysis of tasks and human factors in anesthesia for coronary-artery bypass.
AB  - A comprehensive task analysis of the anesthetist's activities during coronary
      artery bypass procedures was carried out using time-lapse cinematography. This
      film was analyzed frame by frame to detect types of activities and the proportion
      of time spent on each. Link analysis was used to reveal recurring sequences of
      activities. Of the 9 activity categories, the anesthetist spends the greatest
      portion of time observing the patient and scanning the entire operative and
      monitoring field. Ten to 15% of the time is spent logging data on the anesthetic
      record. The challenge for the anesthetist is to optimize his performance, and
      those under his direction, in the face of the changing workload resulting from
      variations in patients' conditions. Use of an automated monitoring system that
      charts patient vital signs would allow the anesthetist to apportion this time
      among other tasks.

PMID- 1084109
TI  - Nitrous oxide encephalography: 5-year experience with 475 pediatric patients.
AB  - 475 pediatric patients with a variety of neurologic conditions were subjected to
      encephalography, using N2O as the contrast medium and N2O-halothane as anesthetic
      agents. This technic is both safe and effective, as reflected by no mortality and
      satisfactory roentgenograms. By application of the principles of gas physics,
      postoperative discomfort has been greatly reduced, resulting in a more
      comfortable convalescence and earlier discharge.

PMID- 1084110
TI  - Immune competence of the fetus.

PMID- 1084111
TI  - [Hypo- or agammaglobulinemic rheumatism. 3 recent cases].

PMID- 1084112
TI  - [Multiple leiomyomas of the small intestine disclosed by acute anemia].

PMID- 1084113
TI  - [Information furnished by recorded electrocardiograms during radiologic
      opacification of aorto-coronary bypasses].

PMID- 1084114
TI  - [Value of thymodependant rosette tests in the surveillance of malignant melanoma.
      Preliminary study apropos of 25 cases].

PMID- 1084115
TI  - The 9p- syndrome.
AB  - Six patients (4 females and 2 males) with terminal deletion of the short arm of
      chromosome 9 distal to band p22 are described. The disorder constitutes a
      clinically identifiable syndrome consisting of mental retardation, sociable
      personality, trigonocephaly, mongoloid eyes, wide flat nasal bridge, anteverted
      nostrils, long upper lip, short neck, long digits mostly secondary to long middle
      phalanges, and predominance of whorls on fingers. The findings suggest that the
      clinical features are antithetical to the trisomy 9p syndrome. The deleted
      chromosome segment is relatively small and could be easily overlooked. It is
      hoped that this delineation of clinical features seen in 9,p- patients may help
      in focusing attention on the small deletion.

PMID- 1084116
TI  - [Partial trisomy 15q due to maternal translocation t(7;15)(q35;14)].
AB  - Partial trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 15 was detected in a 21-year-old
      girl with severe growth and mental retardation. A balanced reciprocal
      translocation - t(7;15)(q35;q14) - is present in the mother.

PMID- 1084117
TI  - Trisomy 19 q.
AB  - Two sibs with trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 19 are reported. The common
      features included flat facial profile with microcephaly, hypertelorism, ptosis,
      prominence of the glabella, small nose with anteverted nostrils and a
      characteristic fish-shaped mouth. In addition congenital heart disease, physical
      retardation and seizures were seen in both sibs. That tristomy 19q can be
      suspected clinically is emphasized.

PMID- 1084118
TI  - [Attempt at antenatal diagnosis of argininosuccinic aciduria].
AB  - Antenatal diagnosis in a woman previously delivered of a child with arginino
      succinic aciduria, due to deficiency of arginino-succinase (EC 4.3.2.1.), showed
      the fetus to be unaffected. This was confirmed at birth.

PMID- 1084119
TI  - [Distribution of chromosome breakage point induced by arabinosylcytosine on in
      vitro human lymphocytes].
AB  - The cytogenetic effects of arabinosyl cytosine on human leukocytes in vitro has
      been studied using continuous and discontinuous treatments. Optimum activity
      occurs at the end of the S period. Interchromosomal distribution of breaks is non
      random. The hypothesis of a very late replication for some chromatid segments is
      discussed. The relations between banding and the position of breaks are
      discussed.

PMID- 1084120
TI  - [Partial 7 q trisomy. One or 2 syndromes? Apropos of a new case].
AB  - Partial trisomy 7qter due to malsegregation of a familial balanced translocation
      t(7;8)(q33;p113) is reported in a 2-year-old boy with the following features:
      psychomotor retardation (IQ = 46); hypotonia; normal; facial asymetry with
      palpebral fissures slanted downwards and outwards, deeply set eyes, and divergent
      strabismus.

PMID- 1084121
TI  - De novo appearance of a translocation t(5p; 2Iq), and its transmission in both
      balanced and unbalanced forms to the next generation.
AB  - A family is described in which a reciprocal translocation involving 5p and 21q
      appeared de novo in the chromosome complement of a woman who then transmitted it
      in both balanced and unbalanced form to her progeny. The proposita, a child with
      the cri du chat syndrome, had a deficiency for most of 5p, all of 21p, 21
      centromere, and a small proximal segment of 21q. The reported cases of the cri du
      chat syndrome associated with translocations are reviewed and discussed in
      relation to this family.

PMID- 1084122
TI  - Chromosome breakage in low birth weight newborns.
AB  - The frequency of chromosome aberrations in cells cultured from umbilical cord
      blood was determined for 50 low birth weight (LBW) and 50 normal birth weight
      (NBW) euploid newborns matched for sex, race, and maternal age. The metaphase
      spreads had been prepared in the course of an earlier study of frequency of
      aneuploidy and results are from 72-h cultures, i.e., presumably, at the second
      division in vitro. There were no significant differences between the two groups
      in the frequency of cells with chromosome breakage, chromosome gaps, or
      hyperdiploid cells. There was, however, a significantly higher frequency of
      hypodiploid cells in the LBW group. The present findings differ from those of
      others who have reported an increase in chromosome breakage in premature
      newborns.

PMID- 1084123
TI  - Deletion - translocation del (12) (p11) leads to (t10;12) (p13;pII).
AB  - Renewed examinatinon with improved banding techniques of a boy previously
      reported to have the karyotype 46, XY,del(12)(p11) revealed a translocation 46,
      XY,t(10;12)(p13;p11), and reexamination of a boy previously reported to have the
      karyotype 46,XY/46,XY,del(5)(p13) showed the same mosaicism, but with a
      significantly lower frequency of cells with del(5)(p13), 8% compared with 23% at
      the time of birth. The decrease of the frequency of cells with chromosome
      abnormality in mixoploids during the first years of life as found in the present
      case as well as in prevously reported cases is discussed.

PMID- 1084124
TI  - Trisomy iop.
AB  - A stillborn male fetus having a trisomy of the short arm of chromosome No 10 is
      described. The father is a carrier of the reciprocal translocation 46XY,t(10;21)
      (10pter leads to 10p11::21p11 leads to 21qter). The clinical picture included
      growth retardation, bilateral cleft lip and palate, micrognathia, short neck,
      microphalus and bilateral clubbed feet. The long bones were markedly thinned with
      spontaneous fractures. Autopsy findings included pulmonary hypoplasia and renal
      dysplasia. Previous reports of trisomy 10 and trisomy of the short arm of
      chromosome 10 are discussed.

PMID- 1084125
TI  - [Trisomy 10 p. A previously reported case explained by binding].
AB  - A previously reported male infant having died at 4 months, was considered
      trisomic Cp, his mother being carrier of balanced translocation t(Cp-;Bq +).
      Reexamination of the chromosome complement after R-banding showed the
      translocation to be t(4;10)(q35;p11). The propositus was therefore trisomic 10p.
      The essential clinical features were: a small birth weight and a short birth
      length; hypotonia; psychomotor retardation; dolichocephalia; a high and bulky
      forehead; narrow lips; large, lowset ears with a posterior rotation; a small
      chin; bone and joint anomalies; dextrocardia.

PMID- 1084126
TI  - [Trisomy 11 q (q23.1 - qter) through maternal translocation t(11;22)
      (q23.1;q11.1). A new case].
AB  - A 4-year-old boy with partial trisomy 11q resulting from malsegregation of a
      maternal translocation, t(11;22)(q23.1;q11.1), exhibits the following
      malformations: severe mental deficiency; growth retardation and hypotonia;
      brachycephaly with flattened occiput and forehead; facial dysmorphia; pre
      auricular fistula. These features are in good agreement with the syndrome
      recently described for partial trisomy 11q. The translocation appears to be
      identical in that in three other families already reported.

PMID- 1084127
TI  - Immunoglobulin binding factor (IBF) produced by T cells: selective interaction
      with slow migrating rabbit IgC.
AB  - Antigen-stimulated T lymphocytes release a variety of soluble factors among which
      an Immunoglobulin Binding Factor (IBF). We report a method of titration of IBF
      making use of its capacity to inhibit complement-dependent hemolysis of sheep
      erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit IgG antibodies. Using this technique we have
      investigated the specificity of IBG for rabbit immunoglobulins fractionated by
      DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The interaction of IBF with IgG is found to be
      restricted to the slowest migrating fractions of rabbit IgG.

PMID- 1084128
TI  - [Cold lymphocytotoxins: their relationship with various physiological and
      pathological conditions].
AB  - The significance of cold lymphocytotoxins, observed at 15 degreesC, is not
      clearly understood at the present time. The frequency of their appearance has
      been studied in normal subjects (blood donors, aged people, vaccinated subjects,
      post-traumatic splenectomy) and in patients with a neurologic disease (multiple
      sclerosis), a neoplasic disease (breast cancer)and hematologic diseases
      (thrombocytopenia, acute leukemia, chronic lymphatic leukemia, Hodgkin disease
      and systemic lupus erythematosus). There are no antibodies found in the geriatric
      group; they are found only in 3,9 % of blood donors and in 18 % of the subjects
      after vaccinations. A range of 17 to 30 % is found in subjects with breast cancer
      or multiple sclerosis. More than 50 % of the individuals with Hodgkin disease or
      lupus erythematosus produce these antibodies (52 % and 73 % respectively). In
      acute leukemias and chronic lymphatic leukemias, lymphocytotoxic antibodies
      sometimes appear at 37 degrees, reacting with autologous cells and having no HL-A
      specificity.

PMID- 1084129
TI  - [Investigations of the T and B cells and the hemopexin-carrying lymphocytes in
      cases of porphyria cutanea tarda (author's transl)].
AB  - The immunoglobulins and hemopexin carrying cells have been determined in 14
      patients having Porphyria cutanea tarda and in 15 healthy volunteers. At the same
      time, the stimulating effect of phytohemaglutinine and the leucocytesmigration
      inhibition by purified tuberculine proteins, were measured. In the 14 cases of
      Porphyria cutanea tarda, the IgG content and the number of hemopexin carrying
      lymphocytes was significantly increased, while the amounts of the other
      immunoglobuline carrying cells, and of T lymphocytes, was unchanged.
      Phytohemaglutinine stimulation and inhibition of leukocytes migration by purified
      tuberculine proteins were found to be identical in both patients and control
      groups.

PMID- 1084130
TI  - T-cell specific microenvironment in mycosis fungoides.

PMID- 1084131
TI  - Transformation of human lymphocytes in vitro by autologous and allogeneic
      rheumatoid synovial fluids.
AB  - To assess the possible participation of cellular immune mechanisms in the
      pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in vitro studies of the blastogenicity
      of rheumatoid and non-rheumatoid synovial fluids for human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes were conducted. In autologous cultures it was found that 13 of 19
      rheumatoid fluids induced significant lymphocyte blastogenesis, whereas only 1 of
      13 nonrheumatoid fluids induced such a response. In allogeneic cultures
      rheumatoid fluids induce significant blastogenesis of RA lymphocytes in 18 of 23
      experiments, and of non-RA lymphocytes in 8 of 18 experiments. By contrast,
      nonrheumatoid fluids induced significant blastogenesis of RA lymphocytes in 2 of
      13 experiments, and of non-RA lymphocytes in 1 of 14 experiments. The
      blastogenicity of fluids was found to correlate significantly with the presence
      therein of immunofluorescent intracellular inclusions of immunoglobulin and
      complement. These studies support the concept that the presence of immune
      complexes in the majority of rheumatoid synovial fluids might render the latter
      blastogenic for human lymphocytes in vivo, thereby perpetuating rheumatoid
      synovitis.

PMID- 1084132
TI  - [Cellular bases of virus-induced immunosuppression: analysis in vitro].

PMID- 1084133
TI  - [Epidemiological study of trichomonas vaginitis in Umbria].

PMID- 1084134
TI  - Early and late results after surgical treatment of preinfarction angina.
AB  - Among 3,707 patients who underwent aortocoronary bypass, 302 had preinfarction
      angina. Coronary angiography revealed single-vessel disease in 43 patients,
      double-vessel disease in 81, and triple in 178 patients. Plane ventriculography
      showed contractility to be normal in 178 patients, fair in 88, and poor in 36
      patients. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was normal in 203 patients, 13
      to 23 mm Hg in 73, and larger than or equal to 24 mm Hg in 26 patients. Using
      cardiopulmonary bypass and moderate hypothermia, single coronary bypass was
      performed in 45 patients, double bypass in 120 patients, triple in 118 patients,
      quadruple in 15, and quintuple in 4 patients. Right coronary artery
      endarterectomy was necessary in 22 patients. The early mortality was 6.6% (20
      patients) and was strongly related to poor contractility and congestive heart
      failure. One- to four-year follow-up data were obtained in 126 patients. Late
      myocardial infarction occurred in 11 patients and caused 4 late deaths; 3
      unrelated deaths occurred. Ten patients experienced no benefit from their
      operations, 56 are completely asymptomatic, and 53 are significantly improved.
      Our results show that surgical intervention can improve the poor prognosis of
      preinfarction angina and appears to be superior to medical treatment.

PMID- 1084135
TI  - Intraaortic balloon assistance.
AB  - Intraaortic balloon (IAB) assistance in 64 patients over 2 1/2 years has resulted
      in a survival rate of 11% (1 patient) when used alone but 47% when utilized in
      patients treated surgically (long-term survival, 38% [21 patients]). Patients
      undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting or aortic valve replacement have a
      long-term survival of 50% (8 and 9 patients, respectively). The required duration
      of IAB support has a bearing on the clinical result. Complications have been
      minimal. Though it was originally developed to assist in the nonoperative
      management of complications of ischemic heart disease, IAB assistance offers
      significant promise as an adjuvant to operative therapy for both ischemic and
      valvular heart disease.

PMID- 1084136
TI  - Local deep hypothermia for combined valvular and coronary heart disease.
AB  - Local deep hypothermia was utilized as the sole method of myocardial protection
      in 113 consecutive aortic valve replacements. Thirty-six patients had
      simultaneous revascularization, mitral valve replacement, tricuspid valve
      replacement, or a combination of these. In follow-up for as long as 36 months
      there have been 3 hospital deaths (2.6%), all occurring in the group having
      isolated aortic valve replacement. No hospital deaths occurred among patients
      undergoing a combined procedure.

PMID- 1084137
TI  - Experience with the radial artery graft for coronary artery bypass.
AB  - Forty-eight radial artery grafts and 22 saphenous vein grafts in 37 patients
      undergoing coronary bypass procedures were studied early postoperatively. Most of
      the saphenous vein grafts were patent, but one-half of the radial artery grafts
      were occluded. Failure of the radial artery grafts could not be attributed to
      unfavorable runoff in the recipient vessels. Radial arteries carrying higher
      flows and those to vessels having more severe degrees of proximal stenosis
      occluded with a higher frequency. The radial artery should not be used for
      coronary bypass.

PMID- 1084138
TI  - In favor of the Y-graft for aortocoronary bypass.
AB  - The technique of multiple coronary artery bypass grafting has included separate
      conduits, snake grafts, and Y-grafts. Against the Y-graft have been reports of
      lesser patency and several theoretical objections. The theory is discussed and a
      laboratory model presented which demonstrates a flow difference of 2 ml/5 sec or
      less between Y-grafts and single grafts. In conjunction with this, 171 patients
      having aortocoronary bypass were analyzed and showed a combined one-year graft
      patency of 77% with no significant difference between single grafts and Y-grafts.
      It is concluded that the technical simplicity of Y-grafts is advantageous and
      that, if the operation is performed within the guidelines set forth,
      revascularization with Y-grafts is an acceptable method.

PMID- 1084139
TI  - Pathological changes in surgically removed aortocoronary vein grafts.
AB  - Pathological changes in aortocoronary vein grafts were investigated in 17
      patients who had a second revascularization procedure 1 to 53 1/2 months after
      their initial operation. Subendothelial proliferation was present in all grafts
      and had resulted in total occlusion of 7. With increasing duration of
      implantation the proliferative lesions tended to show hyalinization and to affect
      the media. Advanced atherosclerosis had developed in 2 grafts.

PMID- 1084140
TI  - Unexpected death following aortocoronary bypass.
AB  - Since 1968, 1,800 aortocoronary bypass procedures have been performed with 37
      operative or early postoperative deaths (2.1%). Twenty-one deaths (57%) occurred
      in patients with one or more of the following predetermined risk factors:
      ventricular aneurysm, decreased left ventricular contractility, left main
      coronary artery stenosis, valve replacement, recent infarction, or cardiogenic
      shock. The remaining 16 deaths (43%) were unexpected and occurred in patients
      with none of these risk factors.

PMID- 1084141
TI  - Transthoracic intraaortic balloon cannulation to avoid repeat sternotomy for
      removal.
AB  - Cannulation of the ascending aorta for intraaortic balloon assistance is a
      practical alternative to the standard transfemoral cannulation in patients with
      significant aortoiliac occlusive disease. One disadvantage of ascending aortic
      cannulation has been the requirement for a repeat sternotomy to remove the
      balloon. This report describes the successful implementation in 2 patients of a
      technique of ascending aortic balloon insertion and removal that avoids a second
      sternotomy.

PMID- 1084142
TI  - [Legal abortion and hemostasis. Histological examinations and comparison to post
      partum hemostasis (author's transl)].
AB  - 30 women were examined to determine the hemostasis during the legally induced
      abortion. The blood coagulated in the intervillous spaces while the fetus is
      removed. Immediately after the termination of the curettment the nidation area is
      covered by filaments of fibrin and incorporated erythrocytes. More frequent as
      post partum platelet thrombi occur especially in the area of decidua parietalis.
      The intravascular findings are similar to post partum changes after the removal
      of the placenta. Obstruction clots of the spiral arterioles contain fibrin
      deposits, pletelet thrombi and erythrocytes (mixed form of thrombi). Residual
      decidua and trophoblast cells are seldom involved in the obturation of the
      vessels. The traumatic damages of the uterine wall are described (extravascular
      fibrin deposits, interstitial bleeding, succulent tissue a.s.o.).

PMID- 1084143
TI  - The influence of protease inhibitor on hydroproteolytic activity and serotonin
      content in the intestine of rats after fractionated irradiation.
AB  - Hydroproteolytic activity and content of serotonin in the small intestine and
      colon were studied in rats X-irradiated on the whole body with fractionated doses
      of 5 X 150 R. Twenty-four hours after exposure to X-rays, lipase, acid
      phosphatase activities and cathepsin activity as well as serotonin content were
      assayed in the intestinal tissues. Irradiation altered the hydroproteolytic
      activity of the tissues, in a majority of cases by increasing hydrolytic activity
      and lowering proteolytic (catheptic) activity in all parts of the small intestine
      and decreased serotonin content in the first and third segments of the small
      intestine. Trasylol injected s.c. in doses of 10,000 units/kg before and after
      irradiation modified hydrolytic tissue activity of the studied segments of the
      intestine and lessened the fall in serotonin content of the intestines after
      irradiation.

PMID- 1084144
TI  - [Secretory granules in cardiomyocytes].
AB  - The specific granules having the appearance of spherical formations of 2000-4000
      A in diameter are described in the cardiocytes of the atria and ventricles of
      mature frogs (R. temporaria). Each granule consists of electron dense granular
      matrix and a membrane up to 60 A trick. The amount of these granules in the
      cardiomyocytes of the atria is greater and they occasionally form accumulations,
      connected as a rule with the elements of the lamellar complex. The rough
      reticulum is better developed in the cells containing clusters of granules. The
      granules described are considered to be secretory ones.

PMID- 1084145
TI  - [Morphologic changes in the lymph microcirculation of serous membranes in
      rheumatism and systemic lupus erythematosus].
AB  - Microcirculation consists of two elements--hemomicrocirculation and
      lymphomicrocirculation, the both being closely interrelated with each other.
      Lymphomicrocirculation was studied on the serous membranes taken from dead people
      who had died of rheumatism and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The
      microcirculatory bed in the serous membranes was identified by V. V. Kupriyanov's
      method. The results of the studies showed that in serous membranes in rheumatism
      there occurred gradual emptying of lymphomicrocirculation and at the same time-
      compensatory-adaptive and regeneratory processes, the latter being manifested in
      formation of blind projections of capillaries, in broadening of the lumen. In SLE
      the lymphatic link actively participated in elimination of metabolism products
      and underwent a continuous rearrangement with formation of closed and communicant
      cysterns. Moreover, there was noted a new formation of lymphatic capillaries,
      which should be considered as a compensatory-adaptive process. Hemo- and
      lymphomicrocirculation elements are intimately connected due to close contacts
      between capillaries of the two elements of microcirculation, however, without
      formation of connecting fistulas. Hemo- and lymphomicrocirculation is an
      integrate, and under conditions of pathology there developed therein compensatory
      adaptive and regenerative processes aimed at the maintenance of tissue metabolic
      and hemodynamic homeostasis.

PMID- 1084146
TI  - [Lymphoid tissue and the body's non-specific resistance].
AB  - In experiments on rats and mice the author and his pupils showed that nonspecific
      effect of stimulators brought about in the first hours following the exposure
      migration of cells from the lymphoid organs, increase in the number of lymphoid
      cells in the bone marrow by 40-60%, appearance in the bone marrow of T-cells, and
      increase in the number of hemopoietic cells (CFU). This contributed to the
      activation of hemopoiesis and to development of transient hyperplasia of the bone
      marrow to the stage of elevated resistance of the organism. It was shown that
      transplantation of T-cells performed in the first hours after the sublethal
      irradiation hastened regeneration of hemopoiesis. All the data indicated above
      testify to the role of the lymphoid tissue in nonspecific resistance of the
      organism.

PMID- 1084147
TI  - [Meningo-encephalic tuberculosis in childhood. Anatomo pathological study of 10
      cases].
AB  - The anatomo-pathological study of ten cases of tuberculosis of the central
      nervous system (CNS) in children under 10 years old is reported. The emphasis is
      given to the macroscopic and microscopic changes produced by the tuberculosis in
      the meninges, in the nervous parenchyma  and in the vessels. The clinical and
      pathological findings are discussed and correlated with the literature. The
      authors concluded that: 1) the lesion in children with tuberculosis of the CNS is
      generally a proliferative meningoencephalitis; 2) the nervous parenchyma may be
      affected by the contiguous propagation of the tuberculous process or by the
      circulatory changes secondary to the arterial lesions; 3) because of the
      localization of the endocranial vessels in the sub-arachnoidal space they are
      generally injured by the inflammatory process, which can determine an
      obliterating endarteritis, which can be observed by a carotid angiography.

PMID- 1084148
TI  - The transcochlear approach to the skull base.
AB  - A new approach to tumors of the skull base is described. This approach is
      accomplished by forward extension of the translabyrinthine opening into the
      cerebellopontine angle. The facial nerve is mobilized in the temporal bone from
      the stylomastoid foramen to its entrance into the internal auditory canal. Having
      removed the barrier of the facial nerve, additional bone removal can be carried
      forward to the internal carotid artery, which now becomes the forward limit for
      temporal bone resection. The access attained through this exposure allows removal
      of tumors arising from the petrous tip, as well as tumors arising directly from
      the clivus. We provide the case histories of four patients in whom this approach
      was successfully used in removal of skull base tumors.

PMID- 1084149
TI  - Alpha 1-antitrypsin activity of perilymph. Occurrence during progression of
      otospongiosis.
AB  - Previous studies by the Adams method demonstrated a strong correlation between
      hydrolytic enzyme activity of perilymph and progression of bone conduction loss
      two years preceding stapedectomy. Alpha 1-Antitrypsin was chosen since its
      activity can be very precisely measured by a radical immunodiffusion technique
      and since it is one of the enzymes identified in perilymph of patients with
      active otospongiosis. Samples of 3 mul to 5 mul of perilymph removed during 103
      stapedectomies and samples of known alpha 1-trypsin activity were placed on
      slides coated with alpha 1-antitrypsin serum. The zone of diffusion was stained
      and measured after 38 hours of incubation. Antitrypsin values were lowest in 24
      cases, two with no preoperative bone conduction progression, three with moderate
      progression of 10 to 15 dB, and 19 with rapid progression of more than 20 dB.
      They were highest in 36 cases with no progression, and in one case with moderate
      progression. This study confirms previous reports on the enzymatic activity in
      otospongiotic disease.

PMID- 1084150
TI  - Cochleo-vestibular disturbances in diving.
AB  - Insidious development of high-tone sensorineural hearing loss may be associated
      with diving, but the evidence is not certain and further research is needed.
      'Internal ear barotrauma' can cause an acute or relatively acute onset of hearing
      loss and/or vertigo, and it may be that 'alternobaric vertigo' provides a link
      between the insidious and acute forms of labyrinthine injury in diving. With deep
      diving, decompression sickness and other syndromes can also affect the cochleo
      vestibular system. These aetiologies and effects will be discussed, together with
      evidence from an audiometric survey of naval divers and of 5 experimental deep
      divers.

PMID- 1084151
TI  - alpha-1-Anti-trypsin, an inhibitor of renin.
AB  - A naturally occurring competitive inhibitor of pig kidney renin has been
      identified in human plasma. The inhibitor was shown to be alpha-1 anti-trypsin
      and the effect in vitro on the renin activity was examined. The slope in the Hill
      plot is compatible with the assumption of one-site competitive inhibition. Other
      proteinase inhibitors, such as alpha-2-macroglobulin and C1 inactivator, however,
      have no inhibitory effect on the renin-angiotensinogen reaction.

PMID- 1084152
TI  - Early changes of 'leak flux' and  the cation content of lymphocytes by
      concanavalin A.

PMID- 1084153
TI  - Effect of aprotinin on immunological resistance in tumour-bearing animals.
AB  - Previous studies suggested that aprotinin might enhance the host's immunological
      resistance to tumours. This possibility has now been further investigated by
      studying the behaviour of tumours in both hamsters and mice. A second tumour
      graft in tumour-bearing hamsters appeared more rapidly than the first. Prior
      administration of aprotinin abolished this effect. Pretreatment of non-cancerous
      mice with cortisone nullified the effectiveness of aprotinin in inhibiting the
      growth of a subsequent tumour graft. These results are interpreted as additional
      evidence that aprotinin enhances the immunological system against tumour cells.

PMID- 1084154
TI  - ? Scleredema of Buschke ? Eosinophilic fasciitis.

PMID- 1084155
TI  - Livedo reticularis with thrombocythaemia in association with polycythaemia rubra
      vera.

PMID- 1084156
TI  - Pyoderma gangrenosum with cellular immunity deficit treated with plasmaphoresis
      and leukocyte transfusion.

PMID- 1084157
TI  - Immunological classification of acute lymphoblastic leukaemias: evaluation of its
      clinical significance in a hundred patients.
AB  - The use of T and B lymphocyte markers and of different antisera raised against
      malignant B cells and fetal thymocytes allowed the classification of 100 patients
      with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) into three groups. (I) Patients with non
      T non-B ALL whose cells were devoid of conventional B and T markers but
      characterized by a leukaemia associated antigen (69 cases). (2) Patients with T
      derived ALL (28 cases). (3) Patients with ALL of B cell origin (three cases). The
      search for haematological and clinical correlations showed that those patients
      with T-derived ALL tended to have a higher leucocyte count (P=0.05) and acid
      phosphatase positivity of blast cells (P= 0.01), a higher incidence of tumour
      presentation (P=0.05) and a thymic mass. Survival curves for the two main groups
      of patients are similar at 36 months but meningeal relapses were more frequent in
      patients with T-derived ALL (P=0.02).

PMID- 1084158
TI  - Quantitative determination of factor-VIII protein by two-stage gel
      electrophoresis.
AB  - A new method for the quantification of factor-VIII protein in plasma is described
      which utilizes only commercially available equipment and material. The procedure
      involves separation of factor VII from other plasma proteins by a two-stage
      sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoretic technique and quantification of the
      protein by scanning densitometry. The plasma from normal individuals,
      haemophiliacs, obligate carriers of haemophilia and patients with von
      Willebrand's disease have been examined by this technique. In general, the data
      support the earlier findings obtained by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis. In
      addition, some abnormalities not detected by immunoelectrophoresis are observed
      by the gel electrophoresis technique.

PMID- 1084159
TI  - Droplet degeneration of the cornea in North Cameroon. Prevalence and clinical
      appearances.
AB  - The prevalence of droplet degeneration of the cornea in a defined population of
      517 persons in north Cameroon was similar in males and females, but severe
      changes were commoner in elderly men. Most cases showed only mild changes of
      granularity and droplet formation in Bowman's zone, but they were sometimes
      widespread. More severe changes were seen in only nine patients. The clinical
      appearances are compared with those described from other parts of the world. In
      support of the aetiological role of direct sunlight, droplet degeneration was
      much more prevalent in the savanna than in the rain-forest in Cameroon. The
      condition ranges in severity from very mild to very severe, but difficulties in
      differential diagnosis, particularly in advanced cases, make it doubtful whether
      the same basic condition is being described in all cases. These doubts will be
      resolved only by properly conducted epidemiological studies in different parts of
      the world.

PMID- 1084160
TI  - A 4-vinylprotochlorophyllide complex accumulated by "phofil" mutant of
      Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. An authentic intermediate in the development of the
      photosynthetic apparatus.
AB  - A photosynthetically competent mutant strain of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides was
      isolated. In addition to bacteriochlorophyll, this organism produced particle
      bound precursor 4-vinylprotochlorophyllide. The spectral characteristics of the
      pigment complexes(es) accumulated in the culture medium were very variable. The
      spectral form occurring within the bacteria was characterized from fluorescence
      data. Its particle weight, 130 000, was determined by Sephadex G200 filtration.
      The main components of the complex were protein, lipid and pigment (6.8:61, w/w).
      As indicated by qualitative analysis, the lipid components were characteristic
      constituents of the photosynthetic membrane. Kinetics of pigments synthesis
      showed that the total pigment synthesis was not affected by the mutation;
      bacteriochlorophyll content was always lower in the mutant than in the parent
      strain. The repigmentation process was followed by fluorescence emission. The
      results indicated that the mutation affected membrane component synthesis
      required for the bacteriochlorophyll(ide) incorporation. The pigment complex was
      concluded to be an authentic intermediate in photosynthetic apparatus
      morphogenesis. The reasons for its excretion are discussed.

PMID- 1084161
TI  - Minicomputer detection of pain.

PMID- 1084162
TI  - Separation of human lymphoid cells by preparative cell electrophoresis. III.
      Studies on cells of lymphoid organs in hematological normal persons.
AB  - Blood and bone marrow lymphocytes and cells of lymphoid organs in hematologically
      normal persons have been studied using free-flow electrophoresis by which a
      preparative separation of cells according to their electrophoretic mobility is
      achieved. The results are demonstrated as electrophoretic distributions. Blood
      lymphocytes have a peak corresponding to relative high electrophoretic mobility,
      whereas the majority of marrow lymphocytes is found in fractions corresponding to
      low electrophoretic mobility. The distributions of small lymphocytes from tonsil,
      spleen and lymphnode either resemble the distribution of blood lymphocytes or
      have a bimodal fashion with peaks corresponding to blood lymphocytes or marrow
      lymphocytes. Large lymphoid cells capable of DNA synthesis are concentrated in
      fractions of intermediate mobility. The results confirm the concept that
      peripheral T cells have a high electrophoretic mobility whereas most B cells are
      of low mobility. In contrast to peripheral T cells, cells of the thymus have an
      intermediate or low electrophoretic mobility. Thus, it appears that in the
      lymphoid cell system differences in the electrophoretic mobility not only reflect
      different functional properties but also differences in maturation stages.

PMID- 1084163
TI  - Local anesthetic alteration of miniature endplate currents and endplate current
      fluctuations.
AB  - The effect of the local anesthetic QX222 on the kinetics of miniature endplate
      currents and acetylcholine induced endplate current fluctuations was studied in
      voltage clamped cutaneous pectoris muscle of Rana pipiens. Both the endplate
      current fluctuation spectra and the miniature endplate current decay consisted of
      two or three components depending upon the holding potential and local anesthetic
      concentration. The cutoff frequency of each spectral component was equal to the
      decay rate of its corresponding constituent of the miniature endplate current.
      Comparison of the relative amplitudes of the spectral and miniature endplate
      components indicated that QX222 did not act by creating two kinetically distinct
      populations of acetylcholine receptors. QX222 action could be explained by
      alteration of the acetylcholine receptors such that they sequentially change
      conformation form one open state to another. A specific case in which QX222 binds
      to the open state of the acetyl-choline receptor creating a blocked state, was
      found to account for the observed relationship between the relative amplitudes of
      the miniature endplate current and spectral components, as well as the previously
      observed voltage and concentration sensitivity of the decay rates of endplate
      current components.

PMID- 1084164
TI  - Myelin x-ray patterns reconciled.
AB  - Two different X-ray diffraction patterns have been published for frog sciatic
      myelin. Here the apparent discrepancy is attributed to different spacings between
      the myelin membranes in the two experiments. Assuming the single membrane has the
      same structure in the two cases, some restrictions on the phasing are indicated.
      Several possible profiles for the single membrane are then considered. A profile
      derived by assuming a lecithin cholesterol-like bilayer within the membrane
      accounts for all the published data. Three published profiles also are
      considered. These are not quite in as good agreement with observation, but they
      cannot be excluded at present.

PMID- 1084165
TI  - Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance study of 17O from H217O in rat lymphocytes.
AB  - Lymphocytes obtained from thymus glands of normal rats and culture lines of
      malignant rat thymocytes were enriched with H217O. The longitudinal and
      transverse relaxations of the 17O were determined separately in samples of packed
      cells and supernatant solutions. The longitudinal relaxation of intracellular 17O
      of fresh viable lymphocytes was nonexponential, becoming simply exponential with
      eventual necrosis. The rate of spin-lattice relaxation (1/T1) was fitted by a sum
      of two exponentials. The average mole fraction of the molecules subject to the
      slower relaxation rate (1/T1s) was two-thirds of the total water. Lowering the
      Larmor frequency (omega) from 7.72 to 4.36 MHZ increased the faster component
      (1/T1f) by 12% without altering (1/T1s). The value of the single exponential
      decay of the nonviable cells was not appreciably different from the initial rate
      of relaxation of the fresh cells. Similar results were obtained in studies of the
      transverse relaxation rates. The simplest interpretation is that two-thirds of
      the cell water is located within the nucelus and is characterized by a slower
      rate of relaxation than the one-third of the cell water in the cytoplasm because
      of the different macromolecular compositions of the two-subcellular compartments.
      The malignant lymphocytes were characterized by prolonged values for the slow and
      fast components of both the longitudinal and transverse relaxations of 17O.

PMID- 1084166
TI  - [The role of catecholamines in the centrifugal regulation of taste receptors].
AB  - An electrophysiological method was used to study the centrifugal inhibition of
      the impulse activity of taste receptors of the frog tongue. A deficiency of
      catecholamines in the organism (reserpinization) or perfusion of the adrenaline
      blocking agents through the lingual vessel (propranololi hydrochloridum,
      dibenamine) were found to prevent the centrifugal inhibition, while perfusion
      with an adrenomimetic agent (epinephrine) enhanced this effect. Such effects of
      the adrenergic agents were also observed in the animals which were subjected to
      desympathization by bilateral extirpation of the first ganglion of the
      sympathetic chain. A conclusion was drawn that catecholamines in the papilli were
      necessary to obtain the central inhibition influences on the function of the
      taste receptor apparatus.

PMID- 1084167
TI  - [The effect of the polyvalent proteinase inhibitor, trasylol, on antibody
      formation under normal conditions and in experimental atherosclerosis].
AB  - Antibodies to erythrocytes of sheep and human serum albumin were formed in
      rabbits with alimentary atherosclerosis as intensively as in control. Trasilol
      failed to affect the antibody formation in normal animals, but sharply decreased
      the production of specific immunoglobulins (especially the 7S) in rabbits with
      experimental atherosclerosis. Thus, the action of the preparation is realized not
      by way of direct inhibition of functional activity of the lymphoid tissue cells,
      but by inhibiting the immunostimulating factor circulating in the blood in
      experimental atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1084168
TI  - [Electrotonic potentials of spinal cord dorsal roots in frogs with experimental
      tetanus].
AB  - Tetanus toxin administered to frogs in doses which produced general tetanus
      depressed the reciprocal inhibition of spinal reflexes. This depression was not
      associated with the block of the processes which led to depolarization fo the
      central terminals of the primary afferent fibers.

PMID- 1084169
TI  - [Quantitative characteristics of the phenomenon of acceleration of hematopoiesis
      regeneration in thymocyte transplantation].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on hybrid mice (CBA X C57BL) F1. The quantitative
      characteristics of the phenomenon of acceleration of postirradiation bone marrow
      regeneration in transplantation of syngenous thymocytes was given. It was
      revealed that in the range of 10(6)--10(8) cells the effect was independent of
      the number of transplanted thymocytes. The transplantation during the first 12
      hours after the irradiation was equally effective from the aspect of stimulation
      of the bone marrow restoration. This phenomenon was not expressed under the
      following conditions: a) transplantation of thymocytes 24 hours after
      irradiation; b) irradiation of recipients in a dose of 600--700 R; c) irradiation
      of a thymocyte suspension in vitro in a dose of 10 kR with a subsequent
      incubation at 37 degrees C for 6--7 hours; d) irradiation of thymocytes in vitro
      in a dose of 200 kR.

PMID- 1084170
TI  - [The influence of 1-DOPA on emotional responses and serotonin metabolism in the
      rat brain].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal injection of 1
      DOPA (.100 - 200 mg/kg increased the brain concentration of dopamine and
      homovanilinic acid and lowered the level of brain serotonin, with simultaneous
      elevation of its metabolite 5-HIAA. A decrease in serotonin level was accompanied
      by increased emotional reactivity and agressiveness in rats. L-DOPA (100 mg/kg)
      decreased the binding of serotonin formed from tryptophane (100 mg/kg),
      accelerating its catabolism in the brain; at the same time 1-DOPA eliminated the
      depressive action of tryptophane on the emotional reactivity and aggressiveness.
      It is supposed that increased emotional excitation elicited by 1-DOPA was
      partially mediated through the block of the serotoninergic system.

PMID- 1084171
TI  - [Dilatation of arterioles in the frog submaxillary muscle under the influence of
      visible light].
AB  - Frog denervated submaxillar muscle arterioles dilates under the influence of
      visible light. In darkness the vessel returns to tis initial condition. The
      degree of dilatation is in the main inversely proportional to the initial
      diameter of the vessel. Besides, the vessel reactivity also depends on the
      thickness of its wall. Thick-walled arterioles are the most reactive ones. Their
      diameter becomes 2 -3 times greater under the influence of visible light. This
      light-evoked vasodilatation should be taken into account during intravital
      microscopy, as such a considerable dilatation of arterioles caused by light
      changes their reactivity considerably.

PMID- 1084172
TI  - [The effect of tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, serotonin, histidine and
      histamine on the peroxidation of lipids in hepatic mitochondrial membranes].
AB  - The method of recording the superweak chemifluorescence was applied to the study
      of the effect of tryptophan, 5-oxytryptophan, sertonin, histidine and histamine
      on the peroxication of lipids in the membranes of mitochondria of rat liver in
      the presence of Fe++ ions inducing this process. 5-oxytryptophan and serotonin
      inhibited this process in a concentration of 10(-5)-10(-4) M (protein content 
      1.8 mg per 1 ml of mitochondrial suspension). On the basis of studying the
      kinetics of the initial portion of the ascending branch of the "slow flare up"
      constants of the antioxidatinve activity (constituting 2.2-10(3) and 9.8-10(3) M
      1 for 5-oxytryptophan and serotonin, respectively) was calculated. The
      antioxidative action is associated with the presence of the phenol group in the
      molecule of the compound under study. It is supposed that the action of 5
      oxytryptophan and serotonin on peroxidation of lipids in the membranes was of
      significance for the regulation of permeability of the biological membranes,
      along with their effect on the other membrane processes.

PMID- 1084173
TI  - [Assessment of the quantity of T-lymphocytes and other rosette-forming cells in
      the blood of patients and healthy subjects].
AB  - In using the reaction of spontaneous rosette formation to assess the immunity T
      system one should not limit one-self to determination of the percentage content
      of the rosette-forming cells alone. Immune status can be properly judged by
      determination of the content of immunocompetent cells per one cubic mm of the
      blood of the given donor. When the reaction is staged on the leukocyte suspension
      not only lymphocytes, but also other cell forms with the capacity of binding
      sheep erythrocytes can be determined.

PMID- 1084174
TI  - [The effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan on shivering thermogenesis].
AB  - Studies carried out on ground squirrels showed active warming of these animals
      during arousal from  hibernation to be closely connected with intensification of
      the shivering thermogenesis. The intraabdominal administration of 5
      oxytryptophane, a precursor of serotonin clearly suppressed the shivering
      thermogenesis in arising ground squirrels and slowed down their warming.

PMID- 1084175
TI  - [Immunologic competence of T- and B-lymphocytes in tolerance induced by
      cyclophosphamide].
AB  - A study was made of immunological competence of T- and B-lymphocytes of mice
      subjected to tolerogenic treatment (administration of a massive dose of sheep
      erythrocytes and cyclophosphamide 7 days before the experiment). The capacity of
      lymphocytes of tolerant mice to influence the interaction of normal T- and B
      lymphocytes was also investigated. This form of tolerance was caused not by T
      suppressors, but by a true deficiency of T-cells-helpers (both in the thymus and
      in the spleen), and partially of B-cells (in the spleen). Some lack of B-cells in
      the bone marrow was connected with a nonspecific action of cyclophosphamide.
      Cyclophosphamide is supposed to selectively eliminate cells proliferating in
      response to the antigen.

PMID- 1084176
TI  - [Kidney ultrastructure in experimental lithiasis and nephrocalcinosis].
AB  - An experimental electron-microscopic study of the kidneys was carried out in
      experimental oxamide nephrolithiasis in rabbits and hypervitaminosis D in rats.
      The most pronounced changes were revealed in the proximal and the distal
      convoluted tubules. It is suggested that cytosomes and lysosome-like bodies
      possibly participated in stone formation and nephrocalcinosis. It is supposed
      that they played an important role in the morphogenesis of nephrolithiasis man.

PMID- 1084177
TI  - Immune function at diagnosis in relation to responses to therapy in acute
      lymphocytic leukemia of childhood.
AB  - Tests of immune capacity were performed on blood from 49 children with newly
      diagnosed, untreated acute lymphocytic leukemia, and relation to prognosis was
      determined. Patients were treated with multiple-drug therapy and prophylactic
      cranial irradiation. Median follow-up time was 16 mo (range 10--37 mo). Principal
      unfavorable findings at diagnosis were absolute numbers of T lymphoid cells
      outside the range 850--2500/mul blood, absence of whole blood responses to
      phytohemagglutinin in vitro, a low titer of complexed antibody, and the presence
      in serum of free leukemic blast cell membrane antigen. Fourteen patients showed
      two or more unfavorable findings at diagnosis. Eleven of these have died. Four of
      the remaining 35 patients have died. A shorter duration of first remission was
      found among patients with abnormal numbers of T cells at diagnosis. The findings
      suggest that the immunologic capacity of the patient at diagnosis is an important
      determinant in responses to therapy.

PMID- 1084178
TI  - Periodic oscillation of blood leukocytes, platelets, and reticulocytes in a
      patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia.
AB  - A patient with chronic myelocytic leukemia had a cyclic oscillation of blood
      neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, platelets, normoblasts, and reticulocytes
      but not of lymphocytes. The cycle interval was 53--69 days. Except for
      reticulocytes all other cells cycled with neutrophils. Plasma colony-stimulating
      factor (CSF) oscillated out of phase with neutrophils, suggesting that
      granulocytopoiesis is regulated through CSF by a feed-back mechanism. Plasma
      erythropoiesis-stimulating factor (ESF) also oscillated. ESF crests preceded or
      coincided with reticulocyte crests, indicating that the ESF elevation may have
      been responsible for the reticulocyte peaks. The relationship between neutrophils
      and reticulocytes and their oscillations with plasma CSF and ESF suggests that
      there is a common stem cell which differentiates along one cell line or the other
      depending upon the balance of regulatory stimuli. The fraction of blood
      neutrophilic precursors (myeloblasts, promyelocytes, and myelocytes) in DNA
      synthesis fluctuated with neutrophil level. The calculated generation time was
      shorter at the crests than at the troughs of the neutrophil cycles. This finding
      suggested that the rate of proliferation of the neutrophils changed periodically.
      This observation, along with a periodic increase in differentiation of the stem
      cell toward the neutrophilic cells, is the probable explanation of oscillation of
      the neutrophil count in the blood.

PMID- 1084179
TI  - The pregnant patient (part one).

PMID- 1084180
TI  - Editorial: The ultimate goal of dentistry.

PMID- 1084181
TI  - Prescription writing in dentistry.

PMID- 1084182
TI  - The pregnant patient (part two).

PMID- 1084183
TI  - Functional aspect of occlusion.

PMID- 1084185
TI  - Functional aspect of occlusion.

PMID- 1084184
TI  - Editorial: Is the right assumed or forfeited?

PMID- 1084186
TI  - Implants.

PMID- 1084187
TI  - President's page.

PMID- 1084189
TI  - Editorial: Do we really need a dental society?

PMID- 1084188
TI  - Psychological and physiological factors in pain perception.

PMID- 1084190
TI  - Periodontics--a concept.

PMID- 1084191
TI  - The president's message.

PMID- 1084192
TI  - Edentulous may mean more than no teeth.

PMID- 1084193
TI  - President's message.

PMID- 1084194
TI  - How about a tax break?

PMID- 1084196
TI  - What's an emergency cart?

PMID- 1084195
TI  - Editorial: Silent so long.

PMID- 1084197
TI  - A comparison of the time course of excitation and inhibition by iontophoretic
      decamethonium in frog endplate.
AB  - 1 The depolarization of frog endplate by a brief iontophoretic application of
      decamethonium was slower in time course than the inhibition of a long carbachol
      response produced by the same decamethonium pulse, or than the excitation
      produced by a brief equipotent carbachol pulse. 2 The delay between the peak
      inhibition and peak excitation produced by decamethonium, about 50 ms, is too
      great to be explained by slow receptor activation kinetics, since Katz & Miledi
      (1973) have shown that the lifetime of decamethonium-activated receptors is only
      0.25 milliseconds. 3 If doses of carbachol and decamethonium are adjusted to give
      response amplitudes in the ratio corresponding to the ratio of their presumed
      maximum responses, then there is little difference in the time courses of the
      responses. 4 This observation, together with the finding that increasing the dose
      applied slows the decamethonium response much more than the carbachol response,
      suggests that a decamethonium response contains contributions from a much wider
      area of receptive membrane than does a carbachol response of equal amplitude. 5
      Simulation shows that these geometrical effects are sufficient to account for the
      rapidity of inhibition compared to excitation without postulating slow receptor
      kinetics. 6 It is pointed out that similar effects may account for certain
      results obtained in iontophoretic studies of desensitization.

PMID- 1084198
TI  - The efficacy of Alcoholics Anonymous: the elusiveness of hard data.
AB  - The paper is concerned with methodological problems relating to the scientific
      study of the effectiveness of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Studies of the
      effectiveness of AA fall into two categories--longitudinal and cross-sectional,
      and may be criticized on the basis of over-simple criteria of success. The
      particular problems of the requirement for control groups in studies of
      effectiveness are pointed out. The problems arising out of the whole process of
      affiliation and disaffiliation and their implications for scientific study are
      discussed. The requirement for sound statistical analysis is stressed, and
      inadequacies in the techniques of follow-up are indicated. The studies which have
      some bearing on AA as a treatment facility are reviewed. These include
      multivariate studies involving AA attendance as one factor, studies in which AA
      was the main variable in a hospital programme, and longitudinal studies of AA
      from within the organization. Particular difficulties in using cross-sectional
      surveys for the purpose of estimating efficacy are pointed out. The conclusion
      reached is that because of the methodological difficulties the totality of these
      studies dose not add significantly to the knowledge concerning AA which we
      possess from clinical experience. Moreover, without a change in the unusual
      characteristics of AA when considered as a treatment facility it seems unlikely
      to be possible to assess its effectiveness in a scientific manner.

PMID- 1084199
TI  - Osteomalacia and carcinoma of prostate with major redistribution of skeletal
      calcium.
AB  - A case of hypophosphataemic osteomalacia occurring in association with a
      carcinoma of prostate is described. Although only palliative treatment to the
      primary tumour was possible, worthwhile remission of bone symptoms, due to
      osteomalacia, was achieved with pharmacological doses of vitamin D. The presence
      of extensive skeletal metastases modified the radiological features of
      osteomalacia. Major alterations in the distribution of calcium within the
      skeleton were observed during a period when total body calcium remained
      unaltered. This observation may be of relevance to other cases in which
      osteosclerotic metastases develop.

PMID- 1084200
TI  - The ventricular-brain ratio using planimetric measurement of EMI scans.
AB  - A correlation has been shown between the cross-sectional area of the cerebral
      ventricular system and the cross-sectional area of the brain in 62 patients,
      using the EMI Scanner. The percentage ratio has been abbreviated to VBR. The
      patients were divided into normal, equivocal, cerebral atrophy and hydrocephalus,
      according to their PEG's. The measurements were obtained by the use of a
      plaimeter and by outlining the ventricular and cerebral perimeters from the EMI
      Polaroid pictures. The VBR was found to be approximately five in those patients
      without detectable pathology, about seven in equivocal cases, and above ten in
      abnormal cases (atrophy, hydrocephalus). The hydrocephalic readings were
      generally higher than those for cerebral atrophy.

PMID- 1084201
TI  - Emergency portasystemic shunt for bleeding varices.
AB  - Sixty-eight patients with bleeding oesophageal varices due to cirrhosis of the
      liver who have had an emergency portasystemic shunt are reviewed. The reasons for
      the emergency shunt surgery and the results are described and discussed. The low
      postoperative mortality is attributed to careful case selection. Apart from
      clinical and serological factors, the importance of the bromsulphthalein
      excretion test is stressed. Emergency shunts are now undertaken by the author in
      patients whose serum bilirubin is less than 2-5/100 ml and bromsulphthalein
      retention less than 10 per cent in 30 minutes. This is in marked contrast to the
      author's previous series in which there was a 30 per cent mortality. The poor
      results in patients treated conservatively and the disparity between the author's
      results and those of other reported series are reviewed and discussed.

PMID- 1084202
TI  - Complications of Meckel's diverticulum.
AB  - This paper reviews the presentation and surgical pathology of 50 Meckel's
      diverticula encountered in one hospital in a 20-year period. It is concluded that
      in children with intestinal bleeding or a "raspberry tumour" of the umbilicus a
      Meckel's diverticulum is usually suspected. In adults with an acute surgical
      emergency Meckel's diverticulum is unlikely to be considered. However, a Meckel's
      diverticulum can give rise to surgical problems in many ways and at any age. In
      particular, the possiblity of an attached mesodiverticular band leading to
      obstruction must be stressed.

PMID- 1084203
TI  - The bleeding caecal angioma: a diagnostic problem.
AB  - Three cases are reported of bleeding angioma of the caecum. The wider use and
      improved technique of selective arteriography have led to an increase in
      frequency of diagnosis of this condition, and facilitate the management.

PMID- 1084204
TI  - Surgical treatment of bronchiectasis in Kartagener's syndrome.
AB  - A case of Kartagener's syndrome in which bilateral partial pulmonary resection
      was performed is reported. The literature concerning the surgical treatment of
      severe bronchiectasis is reviewed.

PMID- 1084205
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity and transfer factor in Crohn's disease.

PMID- 1084206
TI  - Dual localization of histamine in an ascending neuronal pathway and in non
      neuronal cells evidenced by lesions in the lateral hypothalamic area.
AB  - The effects of lesions placed in the lateral hypothalamic area, i.e.,
      interrupting the MFB (as evidenced by a 65% decrease in cortical noradrenaline
      and serotonin) suggest a pluricompartmentation of brain histamine (HA). The
      existence of an ascending histaminergic system is indicated by the reductions in
      l-histidine decarboxylase (H.D.) activity, in [3H]histamine synthesis and in HA
      content, in the cortex of lesioned rats. Moreover, the decrease in H.D. activity
      was restricted to the regions rostral to the lesion, without modification
      caudally. The time-course of the alterations in H.D. activity and in HA content
      is compatible with a process of anterograde degeneration. In subcellular
      fractionation studies, the reduction in cortical HA content was found to be
      mainly confined to the P2 fraction, which contains the synaptosomes. Although the
      widespread ipsilateral distribution of HA synthesizing terminals resembles that
      of monoaminergic ones, the absence of reduction in H.D. activity after selective
      destruction of catecholaminergic and serotoninergic neurons, by 6-hydroxydopamine
      or 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine respectively, renders likely the existence of specific
      HA-containing neurons. That the release of the amine from these neurons might be
      related to the nerve impulse flow is suggested by the transient effects of the
      lesions which preceded the degenerative process (elevated endogenous HA level and
      slowed rate of [3H]HA synthesis). In addition, the discrepancy between the
      reduction in H.D. activity and in HA level after the lesions could be explained
      by the presence of the amine in another neuronal system and/or in non-neuronal
      cells, not affected by the lesion. This additional compartment is characterized
      by a high HA content and a low H.D. activity and could therefore be localized in
      mast-cells. The respective sizes of these two compartments, estimated by several
      methods, appear to be approximately the same.

PMID- 1084207
TI  - Accumulation of extracellular potassium in the spinal cord of frog.

PMID- 1084208
TI  - Behavioral changes in chronic spinal frog.

PMID- 1084209
TI  - Protein metabolism in transected peripheral nerves of the crayfish.
AB  - The significance of the protein metabolism in crayfish peripheral nerve was
      studied in relation the ability of crayfish motor axons to survive for over 200
      days following axotomy. In contrast to frog peripheral nerves, the crayfish
      nerves appear to more closely resemble ganglia in their profiles of synthesis
      expressed on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gels, and have higher incorporation
      rates of [3H]leucine into protein than ganglia. Since anisomycin inhibits over
      95% of protein synthesis in crayfish peripheral nerve, it was concluded that this
      local protein synthesis was dependent upon a eukaryotic ribosomal mechanism.
      Radioautography of isolated nerves reveals newly synthesized proteins in glial
      sheaths, and also within the axoplasm of large motor fibers. Based upon the data
      available at present, a hypothesis that the glia surrounding the axons are
      responsible for the local protein synthesis, and that some of these newly
      synthesized proteins are transported into the axon, is presented. Transection of
      crayfish peripheral nerves proximal to the neuron cell bodies produced a more
      than two-fold increase in [3H]leucine incorporation, but no significant changes
      in labeling profiles of the proteins on SDS gels. The data suggest that while an
      active local protein synthesis may be necessary for the maintenance of several
      crayfish motor axons, it is not a sufficient condition.

PMID- 1084210
TI  - [Blood losses in the third stage of labour in deliveries of multifoetal
      pregnancies complicated by late gestosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084211
TI  - Muscle fiber capacity in low conductivity solution.
AB  - A method is described for computing the effective capacity of muscle fibers, C =
      Q/V where Q is the charge stored, and V is the membrane potential, using a
      standard two-microelectrode, constant current injection technique. The method is
      used to compare physical (or effective) capacity of frog muscle fibers bathed in
      a low conductivity, 2.5 mMK+ solution, with circuittheory derived quantities in
      the same cells and in control fibers. No differences can be discerned and it is
      concluded that low conductivity of physiological solutions, per se, does not
      significantly reduce the length constant of frog muscle transverse tubules.

PMID- 1084212
TI  - Myocardial glycogen in prevention of perioperative ischemic injury of the heart:
      a preliminary report.
AB  - The incidence of arrhythmias, low output and acute myocardial infarction in the
      perioperative period was analyzed for 119 patients who underwent aortocoronary
      bypass surgery. The incidence for three groups of patients was as follows: 44%
      for 72 patients who did not receive glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) before
      operation (no-GIK group), 32% for 25 patients who received preoperative GIK alone
      before operation (GIK group) and zero in 22 patients who received GIK before
      operation plus a bolus of 50% glucose (0.5 ml/kg body weight) at the beginning of
      operation (GIK-G group) (the difference between the GIK-G group and the other two
      groups is significant; P less than 0.001). Determination of myocardial glycogen
      content of 63 ventricular biopsies revealed a 2+ to 4+ content in 48% of the no
      GIK group, 83% of the GIK group and 100% of the GIK-G group (P less than 0.05).
      The incidence of complications in patients with myocardial glycogen content of 2+
      to 4+ was significantly lower (P less than 0.005) than in those with myocardial
      glycogen content of 1+. Experimentally, myocardial tolerance to ischemic injury
      parallels myocardial glycogen content. Our preliminary observation that prior
      administration of GIK-G increases myocardial glycogen content with a concomitant
      reduction in complications is consistent with these experimental observations.

PMID- 1084213
TI  - Letter: Record-keeping in family practice.

PMID- 1084214
TI  - Letter: Investigation and treatment of allergic asthma.

PMID- 1084215
TI  - Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: a syndrome of intravascular platelet
      consumption.
AB  - In four of five patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in whom
      serial tests of hemostatic function were performed, severe thrombocytopenia,
      normal plasma fibrinogen concentrations and mildly increased concentrations of
      fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products were observed. Widespread platelet thrombi
      were found in arterioles and capillaries. Fibrin could be seen around some of the
      platelet clumps and was the main component in a small number of the thrombi in
      two patients. The observations show that TTP is a disorder in which intravascular
      platelet consumption results in disseminated platelet thrombosis. The coagulation
      system is apparently activated secondarily to platelet aggregation and variable
      quantities of fibrin are incorporated into the thrombi. Clinical improvement
      resulted from combined therapy with corticosteroids, heparin and drugs that
      suppress platelet function.

PMID- 1084216
TI  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation: a patient profile.

PMID- 1084217
TI  - Erythrocyte receptors and thymus-associated antigens on human thymocytes, mitogen
      induced blasts, and acute leukemia blasts.
AB  - Human thymus cells and blasts from some patients with acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia (ALL) express similar cell surface properties. This suggests that this
      type of ALL originates in the thymus or alternatively that these properties of
      ALL blasts reflect changes occurring during blastogenesis. To test these
      possibilities, we determined whether mitogen-thymus antigens found on blasts from
      E+ALL  and on normal human thymocytes. E-rosettes of blood T-lymphocytes
      dissociated at 37 degrees; in contrast, rosettes formed by E+ALL blasts, human
      thymocytes, and pokeweed mitogen-stimulated blasts were stable at this
      temperature. Blasts that formed stable rosettes did not have cytoplasmic Ig,
      indicating that they were T-lymphoblasts. By immunofluorescence and a
      radiolabeled antibody assay we demonstrated a thymus antigen(s) that was present
      on the membrane of E+ALL blasts and on normal thymocytes, but not on normal blood
      T-lymphocytes [TL-like antigen(s)]. This antigen was not expressed on blasts
      induced by mitogens. The finding that that mitogen-induced blasts form
      temperature-stable rosettes, but lack TL-like antigen(s), indicates that this
      antigen is not required for the expression of E-receptors stable at 37 degrees.
      The results support the concept that E+ALL results from the malignant
      transformation of thymus cells.

PMID- 1084218
TI  - [Cell immunity in sarcoidotic patients (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084219
TI  - Microtubules associated with nuclear pore complexes and coated pits in the CNS.
AB  - Using a new albumin prefixation technique, microtubules have been observed in
      close association with the nuclear pores of neurons and glia. Thus, microtubules
      may be involved in such phenomena as anchoring, migration or rotation of the
      nucleus or in chemical messenger transport between nucleus and cytoplasm.
      Microtubules are also seen running close to the coated pits of dendrites. The
      implications are discussed.

PMID- 1084220
TI  - Evidence for corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) synthesis in the preoptic
      nucleus of Xenopus laevis tadpoles: a preliminary report based on lesion
      experiments.
AB  - For the study of the hypothalamo-hypophysial system of Xenopus laevis tadpoles,
      hypothalamic lesions were made by means of the electrocoagulation technique.
      Lesioning of the ventral region of the preoptic nucleus resulted in a decrease of
      the number of ACTH cells in the pars distalis of the pituitary gland and in a
      diminution of the PAS-positive reaction of these cells. In addition, regeneration
      of the neurosecretory cells of the ventral region of the preoptic nucleus
      observed 6 weeks after lesioning was accompanied by the reappearance of normal
      PAS-positive ACTH cells in the pars distalis. It is suggested that the
      neurosecretory cells of the ventral region of the preoptic nucleus of Xenopus
      laevis tadpoles are related to the ACTH synthesizing cells, probably by producing
      CRF.

PMID- 1084221
TI  - Thymus subpopulations: density gradients and volume distributions studies.

PMID- 1084222
TI  - Rabbit lymphocyte subpopulations. I. Separation of Ig+ and Ig- cells and their
      interaction in cultures stimulated by mitogens.

PMID- 1084223
TI  - Rabbit lymphocyte subpopulations. II. Separation and characterization of two Ig+
      cell subpopulations.

PMID- 1084224
TI  - Two processes for B-cell triggering by T-independent antigens as evidenced by the
      effect of azathioprine.

PMID- 1084225
TI  - Separation and analysis of differentiating B lymphocytes from mouse spleens.

PMID- 1084226
TI  - Role of the spleen in ontogenic development of phytomitogen response in thymus of
      CBA mice.

PMID- 1084227
TI  - Comparative migration of B- and T-Lymphocytes in the rat spleen and lymph nodes.

PMID- 1084228
TI  - Participation of three lymphoid cell types in the in vitro activation of cell
      mediated immunity to a syngeneic gross virus-induced lymphoma in rats.

PMID- 1084229
TI  - Potentiation of cell-mediated lysis of xenogemeic tumor cells: the role of
      antiserum and effector cells.

PMID- 1084230
TI  - Primary and secondary antibody responses of rabbits to bacteriophage T2: kinetic
      and quantitative analysis and suppression by antimacrophage globulin.

PMID- 1084231
TI  - Control of IgE and IgG1 antibody production in mice.

PMID- 1084232
TI  - [Prevention of post partum sepsis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084233
TI  - Thymopoietin, ubiquitin and the differentiation of lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084234
TI  - Electrophoretic variation of serum alpha1-antitrypsin treated with neuraminidase.
AB  - Purified or crude sera of several different phenotypes of alpha1-antitrypsin were
      treated with neuraminidase. The mobility of the alpha1-antitrypsin zone was
      delayed on starch gel electrophoresis following incubation. Treated, M-type
      alpha1-antitrypsin migrated in a manner similar to the untreated S type. Treated
      S migrated in a similar way to the untreated Z, and treated Z did so more slowly
      or cathodally. After exhaustive treatment, alpha1-acidglycoprotein bands appeared
      near the usual M or F positions. Treated samples still possessed the antigenic
      activity of alpha1-antitrypsin. The concentration and trypsin-inhibitory capacity
      were not changed by treatment. Several evaluations and considerations are
      discussed concerning the metabolism of some types of alpha1-antitrypsin.

PMID- 1084235
TI  - Disturbances of sexual behavior.

PMID- 1084236
TI  - Aspects of neonatal metabolism: Forward.

PMID- 1084237
TI  - Aspects of neonatal metabolism.

PMID- 1084238
TI  - Chromosomal breaks in T and B lymphocytes in Fanconi's anemia.
AB  - Three patients with Fanconi's anemia were analyzed for chromosome breaks. T and B
      cells were separated and grown in tissue culture with PHA and pokeweed antigen to
      ascertain the rates of breakage in these lymphocytic subpopulations. It has been
      found that there is no statistically significant difference in breakage rates in
      T and B lymphocytes. It is postulated that both T and B cells could be involved
      in the development of leukemia in Fanconi's anemia patients, assuming that
      chromosome breaks constitute a factor predisposing to the development of
      malignancy.

PMID- 1084239
TI  - C3 metabolism in a patient with deficiency of the second component of complement
      (C2) and discoid lupus erythematosus.
AB  - A patient with a hereditary deficiency of the second component of complement and
      discoid lupus erythematosus with features of systemic lupus erythematosus was
      studied. The propositus had a 9-year history of rash and arthralgia. Transient
      renal disease had completely resolved; there was a history of seizures.
      Examination of his serum disclosed antinuclear antibodies but no total haemolytic
      complement activity. C2 was absent. Serum concentrations of C1s, C3, C5 and C9
      were elevated; other complement components were present in normal concentration,
      including C3 pro-activator. The patient's C3 pro-activator was
      electrophoretically converted by inulin and four of five lipopolysaccharides, but
      was poorly converted by aggregated human IgG. Two separate turnover studies with
      radiolabelled C3 showed fractional catabolic rates of 3-03 and 2-48% of the
      remaining plasma pool/hr (range of three normals: 1-62-2-18%/hr); and estimated
      C3 synthetic rates of 2-74 and 2-31 mg/kg/hr (range of three normals: 0-89-1-40
      mg/kg/hr). Serum complement profiles of the patient's family demonstrated that
      the C2 deficiency was inherited as an autosomal codominant. One sibling,
      homozygous for C2 deficiency, and three other siblings, both parents and one
      daughter, all heterozygous for C2 deficiency, are in good health.
      Immunofluorescent studies of the patient's diseased skin exhibited substantial
      deposits of IgG, IgM, C1q, and C4 but not of later acting complement components,
      properdin, or C3 proactivator. These studies do not support the notion that
      inflammation in C3-deficient individuals with lupus erythematosus is mediated by
      the alternative complement pathway.

PMID- 1084240
TI  - Cellular aspects of selective IgA deficiency.
AB  - Five patients with no detectable serum IgA (less than 20 mug/ml) and one patient
      with low serum IgA were compared to normal subjects. The number of circulating E
      RFC was normal as was the lymphocyte DNA synthesis induced by PHA, Con A, and
      streptokinase-streptodornase. The patients had normal numbers of IgA-bearing
      lymphocytes and normal or increased numbers of B cells. Purified anti
      immunoglobulin antibodies specific for IgG, IgA and IgM induced a normal
      lymphocyte DNA synthesis as did PWM. The patients' lymphocytes were able in vitro
      to transform into actively secreting IgA plasmocytes. This transformation was
      determined by counting the IgA and immunoglobulin-containing cells and then
      measuring the IgA and IgG secretion in the cultures. In some patients PWM was
      selectively suppressive in IgA B-cell transformation into IgA secreting cells; in
      the other patients PWM had no effect on the IgA B-cell differentiation. PWM
      enhanced the IgG secretion in the patients' cultures as well as IgA and IgG
      secretion in the normal controls.

PMID- 1084241
TI  - T and B lymphocytes and Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's disease lymph nodes and
      spleens.
AB  - Lymphoid cells from twenty-four untreated Hodgkin's disease biopsies were
      examined for spontaneous sheep erythrocyte and sensitized ox erythrocyte rosette
      formation for the identification of T cell and cells with Fc and C3 receptors and
      surface immunoglobulin. Compared with normal tissues mean T-lymphocytes values
      were elevated in both involved lymph nodes and uninvolved spleens from Hodgkin's
      patients. Lymphocytes bearing C3 receptors were correspondingly reduced in these
      tissues. Involved spleen T-cell values fell within the normal range. In normal
      tissues the sum of lymphocytes with surface immunoglobulin and sheep erythrocyte
      receptors fell in the range 89-108%. In six biopsies of Hodgkin's tissue the sum
      was outside the normal range (121-142%). This observation is compatible with
      surface immunoglobulin-coated T cells. Surface marker characteristics and
      intracellular immunoglobulin studies of small lymphocytes, lymphoblasts and
      Hodgkin's cells suggested that the neoplastic cells were of B lymphocyte origin.

PMID- 1084242
TI  - Smooth muscle antibodies in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
AB  - Paired sera from forty-five cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection
      associated with acute lower respiratory tract illness were examined by
      immunofluorescence for antibodies to smooth muscle. Twenty-five (56%) of these
      cases had smooth muscle antibodies (SMA) of IgM class. A significant (greater
      than or equal to 4-fold) increase in titre of these antibodies was demonstrated
      in fifteen of thirty-five patients with a significant rise in titre of MP
      antibodies. SMA of IgG class occurred in eleven of forty-five cases (24%), but a
      4-fold rise in antibody titre was found only in two cases. Three of forty-five
      sera (7%) from healthy donors contained SMA of IgM class and eight sera (18%) SMA
      of IgG class. MP antigen did not absorb SMA. Liver tests were performed in twenty
      nine patients. In eighteen patients SGPT values were moderately or slightly
      elevated. There was no correlation between the occurrence of increased levels of
      transaminases and the presence of SMA in serum. In a patient with active chronic
      hepatitis, who had had a high titre of SMA exclusively of IgG class for 2 years,
      SMA of IgM class appeared transiently in association with an acute respiratory
      illness due to MP.

PMID- 1084243
TI  - Antibody-dependent direct cytotoxicity of human lymphocytes. I. Studies on
      peripheral blood lymphocytes and sera of patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - Antibody-dependent direct cytotoxicity (ADDC) is generally believed to be
      unrelated to T-cell function in experimental animals. The role of ADDC in humans
      and its clinical usefulesss was evaluated in patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE) and normal controls. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from
      patients with active SLE were unable to lyse antibody-coated target cells in
      vitro to the same degree as lymphocytes from patients with inactive SLE and
      controls. Sera from patients with active SLE suppressed ADDC by lymphocytes
      derived from normal controls and this abnormality was not corrected by overnight
      incubation or by extensive washing of lymphocyte preparations. Although there was
      poor correlation between ADDC and the proportions of B cells and null cells in
      effector lymphocyte populations from SLE patients and controls, it is concluded
      that this assay provides another means of determining immune competence in man.

PMID- 1084244
TI  - Antibody-dependent direct cytotoxicity of human lymphocytes. II. Studies on
      peripheral blood lymphocytes, synovial fluid cells and sera from patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Antibody-dependent direct cytotoxicity (ADDC) by human lymphocytes was evaluated
      in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and normal controls. Purified peripheral
      blood and synovial fluid lymphocytes mediated normal ADDC when compared to
      control subjects. No correlation could be obtained between the percentages of T,
      B and null cells in effector cell populations and the degree of 51Cr released
      from target cells. Sera from 50% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis inhibited
      ADDC by normal lymphocytes; the degree of inhibition did not correlate with the
      titre of IgM rheumatoid factor. The pathogenic implications of these findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 1084245
TI  - Inhibitory effect of sheep erythrocyte fragments on rosette formation of human T
      lymphocytes with sheep red blood cells.
AB  - The effect of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) fragments on rosette formation of
      human peripheral T lymphocytes with SRBC was evaluated on the active and total T
      rosette tests. The rosetting capacity of active rosette-forming cells was
      selectively and nearly completely inhibited by the pretreatment of lymphocytes
      with SRBC fragments. The decrease in total rosettes by blocking with SRBC
      fragments was almost parallel to that of active rosettes. SRBC fragments had no
      inhibitory effect on the rosetting capacity of a lymphocyte population in which
      active rosette-forming cells were removed by gradient centrifugation. These
      results suggested that active rosette-forming cells in human T lymphocytes have
      the receptors of high affinity for SRBC and these receptors readily bind SRBC
      fragments, resulting in block of rosette formation.

PMID- 1084246
TI  - Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity to viruses in patients with multiple sclerosis:
      presence of a blocking factor.

PMID- 1084247
TI  - Ontogeny of B-lymphocyte differentiation induced by pokeweed mitogen.

PMID- 1084248
TI  - Absence of B lymphocytes in a horse with primary agammaglobulinemia.

PMID- 1084249
TI  - Multiple hereditary osteochondromata. Report of an early case.
AB  - Observations on the early development of multiple osteochondromata in a 3-year
      old girl suggest that aberrant growth of a peripheral segment of the growth
      plate, with extension primarily toward the metaphysis, but towards the epiphysis,
      impairs development of adjacent areas of epiphyseal cartilage.

PMID- 1084250
TI  - Gastrointestinal complications of aortic bypass surgery.
AB  - Gastrointestinal bleeding following abdominal aortic bypass surgery is not
      uncommon, as approximately 20% of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms have
      peptic ulcer disease. We have recently seen three patients who presented with
      gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to the complications of their surgery. The
      cause of the bleeding was aortoduodenal fistula, graft erosion into the sigmoid
      colon and ischaemic colitis respectively. The correct diagnosis was only
      considered in one patient, although in retrospect it should have been suggested
      in all three. Our experiences with these complications and their clinical and
      radiological presentation form the basis for this paper.

PMID- 1084251
TI  - Release of colony-stimulating activity from the isolated perfused rat liver.
AB  - 1. Colony-stimulating activity appeared in the perfusate of the isolated rat
      liver during perfusions with either whole rat blood, rat plasma or an artificial
      perfusate of Eagle's medium and albumin. 2. Dialysable inhibitors of colony
      formation were also released during perfusions. 3. Colony-stimulating activity in
      artificial perfusate could be enhanced by the addition of rat plasma in vitro.
      Concentrations of cycloheximide that inhibited albumin synthesis by the liver did
      not inhibit the release of colony-stimulating activity.

PMID- 1084252
TI  - Amphibian acid phosphatase--II. The effect of parathyroid extract on the
      lysosomal enzyme, acid phosphatase, in tissues of Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1084253
TI  - [Malpractice in dentistry].

PMID- 1084254
TI  - Cardiac tamponade complicating closure of a median sternotomy.
AB  - A case of intraoperative cardiac tamponade manifested during closure of a median
      sternotomy is presented. We postulate that cardiac tamponade was caused by acute
      dilatation of the cardiac chambers as a result of intraoartic balloon pumping in
      a patient with aortic and mitral regurgitation. It has been shown experimentally
      that acute rises in ventricular end-diastolic pressure result in increased
      intrapericardial pressure and that if a certain point on the pericardial pressure
      volume curve is reached, cardiac tamponade will occur. Sternotomy closure was
      accomplished easily as soon as the need for intra-aortic balloon pumping
      diminished.

PMID- 1084255
TI  - Infection due to Pneumocystis carinii simulating lobar bacterial pneumonia.

PMID- 1084256
TI  - [Emergency interventions in bleeding esophageal varices].

PMID- 1084257
TI  - [Selective interventions in portal hypertension].

PMID- 1084258
TI  - [Portal hypertension in childhood].

PMID- 1084259
TI  - Management of the acute complications of diverticular disease: hemorrhage.

PMID- 1084260
TI  - Management of the acute complications of diverticular disease: discussion.

PMID- 1084261
TI  - Anorectal melanoma: report of two cases.
AB  - We have described the clinicopathologic findings in two cases of anorectal
      melanoma, and extracted the salient features from the medical literature. The
      disease is rare. Melanoma arises from the anal squamous membrane and very often
      spreads upward through submucosal planes, producing secondary satelites in the
      rectum. Trauma from defecation, vast lymphatic and venous systems in the
      anorectal region, and high invasiveness of the tumor cells eviden;ly account for
      early distant metastases. Histologically, the neoplastic cells often mimic other
      cancers. Treatment is surgical, with dismal end results.

PMID- 1084262
TI  - Acute hemorrhage from right-colonic hemangiomas: report of a case.
AB  - A rare case of severe rectal bleeding beginning in adult life is reported. A
      diffuse, cavernous hemangioma of the right transverse colon was visualized by
      superior mesenteric arteriography and the diagnosis was confirmed by peroperative
      colonoscopy carried out through a colotomy. The patient was treated by right
      hemicolectomy. The diagnostic value of selective abdominal arteriography in
      patients who have severe rectal bleeding is demonstrated.

PMID- 1084263
TI  - [Color discrimination thresholds following adaptation to different saturation
      levels of color fields in anomalous trichromats].

PMID- 1084264
TI  - [Ulcerative colitis and pregnancy. Surgical treatment of acute complications
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Ulcerative colitis occurs chiefly in women in the reproductive age group. The
      disease tends to exacerbate in affected patients with florid colitis at time of
      conception. Toxic complications and severe haemorrhage are indications for
      surgical intervention at the earliest possible time. Treatment of choice consists
      of multiple enterostomies. Two female patients could be saved with this method.
      Proctocolectomies were always unsuccessful.

PMID- 1084265
TI  - [Indication for surgery in colitis ulcerosa].

PMID- 1084266
TI  - Immunoreactive insulin in bile and pancreatic juice of rat.
AB  - Immunoreactive insulin (IRI) was determined in the bile and pancreatic juice of
      rats. Recovery studies in which known amounts of insulin were added to samples of
      these fluids indicated that the IRI values corresponded closely to total
      recovery. The concentration of IRI in bile and pancreatic juice was greater than
      the concentration in arterial plasma and less than the concentration in hepatic
      portal venous plasma adjacent to the liver. Elevation of the circulating IRI
      concentration in fasting anaesthetized animals by intravenously administered
      glucose or insulin produced a concomitant increase in the concentration of IRI in
      bile and pancreatic juice. In fasting conscious animals there was a circadian
      variation in the concentration of IRI in bile and pancreatic juice similar to the
      variation of IRI in the circulation. The total amount of IRI in the bile and
      pancreatic juice of fasting conscious rats during 24 h was in excess of 4 mU/kg
      body weight. These studies demonstrate that considerable quantities of IRI are
      transferred from the circulation into the bile and pancreatic juice of rats.

PMID- 1084267
TI  - Interrelation between anterior pituitary weight and ceruloplasmin level in serum
      after estrogen administration in male rats.
AB  - Male rats were injected 11 mg estradiol benzoate in microcrystalline water
      suspension i. m. twice a week for three weeks. A significant correlation was
      found between the weight of anterior pituitary and ceruloplasmin level in serum
      (r = 0.358; P less than 0.01).

PMID- 1084268
TI  - Diurnal variation in the effect of melatonin on plasma and muscle free fatty acid
      levels in the pigeon.
AB  - Pigeons maintained on standard diet and held under 12 h daily photo-period in a
      controlled environmental room, were given intravenous injections of melatonin. A
      low dose (1.25 mg/kg body weight) of melatonin when given in the middle of the
      scotophase, produced a significant increase in plasma FFA when estimated at 20
      min and 90 min post-injection, whereas no significant change was seen with
      injections given in the middle of the photophase. No significant change in muscle
      FFA level was obtained either during the photophase or the scotophase when
      estimated at 90 min postinjection. With a higher dose (5 mg/kg body weight) of
      melatonin given in the scotophase, on the other hand, a significant increase in
      both plasma as well as muscle FFA levels was obtained at 90 min post-injection
      but there was no effect on plasma FFA at 20 min or 90 min post-injection in the
      photophase and at 20 min in the scotophase. It is concluded that melatonin has a
      lipid mobilizing action in the pigeon when administered during the scotophase.

PMID- 1084269
TI  - Adrenocortical changes in rats during acute and chronic administration of delta-9
      tetrahydrocannabinol.
AB  - Acute intraperitoneal administration of delta-9-THC (at doses of 10 mg/kg and 50
      mg/kg) to adult male albino rats showed characteristic stimulating effect on
      adrenocortical tissues with marked depletion of ascorbic acid, cholesterol
      containing neutral lipids and significant increase in the delta5-3 beta 
      hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities in
      the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis regions. Adrenal weights and the
      histometric measurements of the adrenocortical areas showed no significant
      changes. Chronic intraperitoneal administration of delta-9-THC (at doses of 10
      mg/kg per day for 15 days) produced marked accumulation of cholesterol containing
      neutral lipids, with increase in ascorbic acid and delta5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid
      dehydrogenase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities in the fasciculata
      reticularis regions. Adrenal weights and histometric measurements revealed marked
      hypertrophy of the adrenal glands.

PMID- 1084270
TI  - Investigation of luteinizing-inducing effect of pinealectomy or thyroidectomy in
      different types of anovulatory syndromes in rats.
AB  - The luteinizing-inducing effect of pinealectomy and of thyroidectomy was
      investigated in the constant estrous anovulatory (CEA) syndrome caused either by
      frontal hypothalamic deafferentation (FHD) or by neonatal androgen treatment
      (NA). Thyroidectomy failed to induce luteinization in both types of CEA syndrome.
      However, pinealectomy provoked the formation of corpora lutea in FHD, but not in
      NA induced CEA syndrome. It was concluded that the luteinizing-inducing effect of
      pinealectomy is a specific consequence of the removal of the pineal hormone-like
      principles. The differences in the mechanism of development of the CEA syndrome
      following FHD or NA might account for the failure of pinealectomy to elicite
      luteinization in the NA induced CEA rat.

PMID- 1084271
TI  - Dynamics of biosynthesis of thyroglobulin subunits and their polymerization in
      rabbit thyroid slices in vitro.
AB  - The dynamics of biosynthesis and aggregation of subunits into thyroglobulin (TG)
      was studied in vitro in rabbit thyroid slices incubated from 5 to 300 min in the
      presence of I-14C leucine. The incorporation of labelled amino acid was followed
      in total soluble and microsome-bound proteins, as well as its distribution in
      soluble protein fractions. The incorporation of lebelled amino acid into soluble
      and microsome-bound proteins increased with time of incubation. The analysis of
      individual soluble proteins indicated that the label was incorporated very early,
      not only into 3--8S, but also into a protein which corresponds to the 12S
      fraction. Maximal incorporation into 12S protein was achieved after 60 min of
      incubation and then the intensity of incorporation decreased, followed by an
      increase in the relative and absolute amount of TG. The appearance of 14C-leucine
      in the TG region was not observed before 30 min of incubation. The dynamics of
      incorporation of 14C-leucine into thyroid proteins indicates very rapid
      transformation of newly synthesized 12S subunits into TG. After two hours of
      incubation the newly synthesized TG already showed the same sedimentation
      properties as pre-formed rabbit TG or native rat 19S TG-125I thus demonstrating
      that maturation, similar to polymerization, is a very rapid process, i. e. the
      newly formed TG is quickly transformed into its mature form. Our previous studies
      and the results presented in this work suggest that 12S protein may also have a
      precursor character. The presence of 12S protein in thyroid extract is not always
      the result of dissociation of TG, but also a consequence of polymerization of the
      basic subunits of TG.

PMID- 1084272
TI  - Prolonged oral administration of potassium upon aldosterone biosynthesis by rat
      glomerulosa tissue in vitro.
AB  - Steroid production rate of adrenals derived from rats drinking a 0.3 M KC1 + 5%
      glucose solution for 7 days was compared to that of control rats drinking a 5%
      glucose solution in order to investigate the effect of potassium loading upon the
      early and late step of aldosterone biosynthesis. Following potassium loading the
      quartered adrenals produced more aldosterone but less corticosterone as compared
      to the control. Potassium loading resulted in an increased aldosterone production
      rate by capsular adrenals (z. glomerulosa) provided that the corticosterone
      concentration in the incubation medium was elevated either by incubating it
      together with the decapsulated adrenal or adding exogenous corticosterone (4--16
      mug/ml) to the medium. The corticosterone to aldosterone converting capacity of
      capsular adrenals is markedly higher in the potassium-loaded rats than in the
      controls. In the first 15 minutes of incubation the corticosterone production
      rate of the two groups was equal, aldosterone production rate by capsular
      adrenals of potassium-loaded rats, being higher than that of control animals.
      Corticosterone output of capsular adrenals from potassium-loaded rats decreased
      more rapidly in course of the incubation than it did in control tissue. These
      results suggest that the increase in aldosterone secretion in vivo following
      potassium loading is due to the stimulation of conversion of corticosterone to
      aldosterone in the glomerulosa cells. However, the endogenous corticosterone
      production during the incubation of glomerulosa cells from pottasium-loaded rats
      decreases so rapidly that the cells are not capable of producing more aldosterone
      than the control ones in spite of activated 18-hydroxylase.

PMID- 1084273
TI  - Changes in uptake of 3H-progesterone by female rat brain and pituitary from birth
      to sexual maturity.
AB  - 3H-progesterone uptake by various parts of the brain, pituitary and skeletal
      muscle was compared in newborn, 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, 25- and 50-day old female rats
      at 1 hr after a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 muCi/100g body weight.
      High uptake values in newborn animals and in those aged 5 days were found in all
      tissues investigated. A sharp decrease in accumulation was observed from birth
      and/or 5th day of life. The uptake by pituitary was persistantly higher than
      those by other tissues investigated. The ratio of the concentration of
      radioactivity between the tissues and the cerebellar cortex increased
      significantly only in the posterior hypothalamus of adult females (at the age of
      50 days). In the pituitary the ratio tissue/cortex was already significantly
      higher in newborns. The high level of brain radioactivity in the youngest animals
      is probably a manifestation of high plasma concentrations of tritiated
      progesterone. The striking decrease in uptake of radioactivity by the brain and
      pituitary during the first two weeks of life most likely reflects the decrease in
      level of plasma radioactivity, as shown indirectly by the concomitant decrease in
      labelled progesterone uptake by the skeletal muscle. The increase in
      tissue/cortex ratio in the posterior hypothalamus with attainment of sexual
      maturity suggests the first appearance of specific binding capacity for
      progesterone which is assumed to be present in the pituitary already from birth.

PMID- 1084274
TI  - Morphological changes of thymus and the thyroid gland after postnatal extirpation
      of pineal body.
AB  - Extirpation of the pineal body of newborn rats was followed by the
      disorganization of thymic structure, follicular transformation and proliferation,
      viz. malignant transformation of its epithelial and connective tissue elements.
      Increase of connective tissue was also observed in the thyroid gland. The
      follicular cells contained crystal-like bodies and vesicles, whereas in the
      parafollicular cells the endoplasmic reticulum was increased and light granules
      appeared.

PMID- 1084275
TI  - Changes of glucose metabolism after thyroidectomy in chequered water snake
      (Natrix piscator).
AB  - Thyroidectomy reduced the rate of removal of glucose from the blood of the
      chequered water snake (Natrix piscator) maintained at 40 +/- 2.0 degrees C.

PMID- 1084276
TI  - Melatonin in rat pineal, plasma, and urine: 24-hour rhythmicity and effect of
      chlorpromazine.
AB  - The concentrations of melatonin in rat pineals and in samples of rat plasma and
      urine were measured by bioassay or radioimmunoassay. Melatonin excretion during
      the daily dark period (0.98 +/- 0.07 ng/12 h, by bioassay; 1.40 +/- 0.08 ng/12 h,
      by radioimmunoassay) was much greater than during the light period (0.18 +/- 0.04
      ng/12 h, by bioassay; 0.40 +/- 0.04 ng/12 h by radioimmunoassay). (The
      radioimmunoassay is not completely specific when applied to materials extracted
      from utine.) Pineal glands and plasmas obtained from animals killed during the
      daily dark period also contained much more melatonin than samples from animals
      killed during the light period. Pretreatment with chlorpromazine slowed the
      disappearance of exogenous melatonin from rat plasma and markedly raised the
      concentrations of endogenous melatonin in both the pineal gland and the plasma.

PMID- 1084277
TI  - Movement of histones in chromatin induced by shearing.
AB  - Methylation of accessible DNA within chromatin by restriction modification
      methylases from Haemophilus influenzae was used to detect movement of histones
      along the DNA strand during chromatin manipulation. Methylation at different
      stages of chromatin preparation was followed by titration of the nucleoprotein
      with ploy(D-lysine), digestion of chromosomal proteins with pronase and analysis
      of the DNA-poly(D-lysine) complex in steep cesium chloride gradients. Comparison
      of the specific radioactivities in the peak fractions of the free DNA and the DNA
      poly(D-lysine) complex, respectively, reveals that lateral movement of histones,
      relative to specific sites in the DNA marked by restriction methylases, occurs
      during manipulation and fragmentation of chromatin.

PMID- 1084278
TI  - Phytochrome-mediated assembly of polyribosomes in etiolated bean leaves. Evidence
      for post-transciptional regulation of development.
AB  - Light operating through phytochrome controls the proportion of total ribosomes
      present as polyribosomes in etiolated leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris. Similar
      responses but with slightly different time courses are elicited by brief red
      light treatment and by continuous far-red or white light. The increase in
      polyribosome proportions after red light treatment reaches a maximum within 2 h,
      after which the proportion steadily declines. Light treatment appears to lead to
      increased proportions of polyribosomes in higher size classes. This is most
      evident with continuous white light, but probably also occurs with red and far
      red light. The increase in polyribosomes is due principally to cytoplasmic
      ribosomes although proportionately greater effects are observed in chloroplast
      ribosomes. Although cordycepin inhibits RNA synthesis by 85-90% within 3 h there
      is no depression of the light-mediated increase in polyribosome proportions when
      leaves are preincubated in the inhibitor for 3 h. The data therefore indicate
      that phytochrome is capable of controlling protein synthesis, and thus
      development, at a post-transciptional level.

PMID- 1084279
TI  - [The influence of bilirubin on the mechanogram of isolated, spontaneously beating
      frog heart].
AB  - It was shown that bilirubin in its unconjugated form does not only harm the
      central nervous system. Clinical observations indicate that the toxic effect
      under certain conditions affects also the heart. In a simple experimental model
      the influence of free bilirubin on the activity of the heart was investigated. In
      69 adult frogs the heart was isolated and exposed sequentially to solutions of
      different bilirubin concentrations while the heart actions were registered. There
      was no significant change in the activity of the heart under the influence of
      bilirubin although concentrations were reached which according to the results of
      other authors harm cell cultures or evoke in the newborn disturbances in various
      organs. As a possible explanation, the nonsusceptibility of the heart muscle to
      bilirubin, the short duration of exposure, and the different behavior of newborn
      and adult organs is discussed.

PMID- 1084280
TI  - Some electrical properties of murine thymocytes, and B- and T-lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084281
TI  - Vitamin A and the role of the pigment epithelium during bleaching and
      regeneration of rhodopsin in the frog eye.

PMID- 1084282
TI  - Phagocytic capabilities of the pigment epithelium.

PMID- 1084283
TI  - [Participation of the serotonin-reactive brain structure in certain forms of
      behavior in golden hamsters].
AB  - A viviacious play of young hamsters is shown to be accompanied by a drop of the
      serotonin level in the brain stem and the subsequent slumber - by its rise, while
      the corticosteroids content of the peripheral blood with the playful  behavior
      experiences no changes. Iprazid and 5-oxytryptophan inhibit the playful activity,
      while dioxyphenylalanina (DOPA) does not influence it. A similar depression of
      the serotonin level in the brain stem was also noted in an aggressive behavior
      and stress conditions arising when adult male-hamsters are grouped together. A
      conclusion is drawn to the effect that changes in the content of serotonin in the
      brain stem are not associated with the emotional colouration of the condition,
      but rather reflect the transition from the somnolence to a highly active
      behavior.

PMID- 1084284
TI  - [Thrombolytic and pharmacodynamic properties of Aspergillus ochraceus protease].
AB  - The protease isolated from Aspergillus ochraceus exerts a strong thrombolytic
      action. In in vitro experiments and in tests with animals (mice, rats, dogs) it
      caused lysis of fibrinous clots. The thrombolytic effect of the protease is
      conditioned by its direct influence on the fibrin. Besides the thrombolytic
      action the protease, used within a definite ranges of doses, displays
      antithrombotic properties. The paper cites data on the acute toxicity (in mice,
      rats and rabbits) and on the influence of the protease on isolated organs and on
      the organism of the animals.

PMID- 1084285
TI  - [Mathematical analysis of the n-cholinolytic effects in experiments with the
      isolated frog rectus abdominis muscle].
AB  - An inquiry into the nature of antagonism of alpha-tubocurarine and gentamycin to
      acetylcholine based on a mathematical analysis of cumulative curves obtained in
      experiments with an isolated musculus rectus abdominalis of the frog showed that
      the character of changes in the parameters of cumulative curves occuring under
      the effect of alpha-tubocurarine cannot be explained from the standpoint of
      Clark's (1929) "employment theory", but accords with deductions drawn from a more
      general theory of allosteric interaction of substances and receptors (Karlin-
      1967) in competitive antagonism. Variations in the parameters of cumulation
      curves occurring under the action of gentamycin may be regarded as a
      manifestation of non-competative to acetylcholine in conformity with both
      theories.

PMID- 1084286
TI  - [Vestibular tests in studying the spectrum of action of psychotropic
      preparations].
AB  - As demonstrated by tests set up on rabbits, substances endowed with sedative
      properties empede habituation to an inadequate stimulation of the vestibular
      receptors, whereas stimulators facilitate it. When used in small doses imipramin
      acts as a psycho-stimulator and in large ones--as a tranquilizor.

PMID- 1084287
TI  - [Potentiation of the action of reserpine on the frog as a characteristic effect
      of antidepressants].
AB  - Antidepressants-thymoanaleptics chlorimipramine, amitriptyline, imipramine,
      melitracen potenciated the inhibitory effect of reserpine in a frog (supression
      of the turning over from the back reflex) stronger than did antidepressants with
      less marked thymoanaleptic action (Lu-5-003, azaphen, quipazine, desipramine) and
      also neuroleptics (promazine, stelazine, haloperidol) cholinolytics (atropine and
      benectyzine) and stimulator--phenamine. The potentiating action of tertiary
      amines--imipramine, amitriptyline protixen was stronger than that of the
      corresponding secondary amines (desipramine, norprotixen, nortriptyline).
      Phenothiazines with the chlorine atom in the second position (chlorprotixen and
      chlorpromazine) potentiated the effect of reserpine less intensively than did
      their chlorine-free analogues (protixen, promazine).

PMID- 1084288
TI  - Picosecond kinetics of the 1250 nm band of the Rps. sphaeroides reaction center:
      the nature of the primary photochemical intermediary state.

PMID- 1084289
TI  - Further studies on the Rieske iron-sulfur center in mitochondrial and
      photosynthetic systems: a pK on the oxidized form.

PMID- 1084290
TI  - Amino acid substitution Glu leads to Lys alpha1-antitrypsin PiZ.

PMID- 1084291
TI  - Interaction of clostripain with natural trypsin inhibitors and its affinity
      labeling by Nalpha-p-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl arginine chlormethyl ketone.

PMID- 1084292
TI  - The role of the macrophage in genetic control of the immune response.
AB  - The ability of an animal to mount an immune response is controlled by a number of
      autosomal dominant immune response (Ir) genes that are linked to the major
      histocompatibility complex of the species. In the guinea pig, alloantiserums
      raised by cross-immunization of inbred strain 2 and strain 13 animals
      specifically inhibited the in vitro proliferative responses of (2 X 13) F1
      lymphocytes to those antigens the response to which is controlled by Ir genes
      linked to the alloantigens against which the serums are directed. A genetic
      analysis indicated that the inhibitory activity of the alloantiserums was
      directed against the alloantigens rather than the products of specific Ir genes.
      The interaction of antigen-pulsed macrophages with immune T lymphocytes is also
      mediated by the 2/13 alloantigens and alloantiserums are capable of inhibiting
      macrophage-T lymphocyte interaction. Studies involving combinations of
      macrophages and lymphocytes that differed at alloantigens or Ir gene products or
      both raised the possibility of the expression of the Ir gene product in the
      macrophage.

PMID- 1084294
TI  - Effect of serum proteinase inhibitors on the fertilizing capacity of rabbit
      spermatozoa.
AB  - The in vivo effect of purified human alpha1-antitrypsin and inter-alpha-trypsin
      inhibitor on the fertilizing ability of capacitated rabbit spermatozoa was
      investigated and compared with that of the trypsin-kallikrein inhibitor from
      bovine organs (Trasylol). Only 250 mug of alpha1-antitrypsin/5 X 10(4) sperm in
      0.05 ml inhibited fertilization by more than 50%. Lower concentrations of alpha1
      antitrypsin (50 mug/5 X 10(4) sperm in 0.05 mo) and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor
      in amounts of 250 mug/5 X 10(4) sperm and less had no significant effect on the
      fertilization rate. Comparative experiments with Trasylol in conentrations of 50
      mug/5 X 10(4) sperm resulted in more than 50% fertilization inhibition, whereas
      100 mug/5 X 10(4) sperm decreased the fertilization rate by approximately 90%.
      The differences in the antifertility effect of these acrosin inhibitors toward
      capacitated spermatozoa may be due to differences in molecular weight. The
      effective concentrations required for fertilization inhibition appear to be
      relatively high under the experimental conditions used.

PMID- 1084293
TI  - The role of suppressor cells in the pathogenesis of common variable
      hypogammaglobulinemia and the immunodeficiency associated with myeloma.
AB  - The role of suppressor cells in the pathogenesis of immunodeficiency was analyzed
      using a technique that permits study of the differentiation of B lymphocytes into
      immunoglobulin-synthesizing plasma cells. Lymphocytes from normals synthesized
      4,910 ng of IgM, 1,270 ng of IgA, and 1,625 ng of IgG per 2 X 10(6) cells when
      cultured for 7 days in the presence of pokeweed mitogen. In contrast the
      lymphocytes from patients with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia did not
      synthesize significant quantities of immunoglobulin. When lymphocytes from 9 of
      13 patients with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia studied were cocultured
      with normal lymphocytes, the synthesis of immunoglobulin by the normal
      lymphocytes was depressed by 75-100%. A comparable suppression of immunoglobulin
      synthesis by normal lymphocytes was observed when they were cocultured with T
      cells from hypogammaglobulinemic patients. These studies suggest that in some
      patients the disease common variable hypogammaglobulinemia may not be due to an
      intrinsic defect of B cells alone but may be cuased or perpetuated by an
      abnormality of regulatory T cells that act to suppress B-cell maturation and
      antibody production. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from myeloma patients also had
      a drastically reduced capacity to produce polyclonal immunoglobulins. Three of 6
      myeloma patients tested had circulating mononuclear cells that suppressed
      immunoglobulin production by cocultured normal lymphocytes. Purified T cells from
      myeloma patients did not mediate this suppressor effect. These observations
      suggest that one mechanism for the humoral immune deficiency observed in myeloma
      patients is a block of polyclonal B-cell maturation by suppressor cells.

PMID- 1084295
TI  - [Laboratory and clinical studies of the hemostatic effect of dicynone].

PMID- 1084296
TI  - [The mechanism of development of changes in the structure and histochemistry of a
      neuron].
AB  - The change of the neuron's functional state when the cells become unable to
      generate spike responses to orthodromic testing stimuli, was shown not to be
      reflected in the morphological pattern of motoneurons as revealed by means of
      Einarsson's RNA staining. High-frequency stimulation of the motoneurons
      generating neither postsynaptic nor spike potentials diminishes the neurons size
      and intensifies their staining. A strong activation of presynaptic endings
      followed by no active postsynaptic processes on the neuron's membrane was shown
      to be able to entail major morphological alterations.

PMID- 1084297
TI  - [Passive and active elements of the potassium secretion system in the skin of
      frogs].
AB  - A method has been evolved for studying the potassium and sodium transport without
      labelled ions in the frog skin. The potassium secretion sharply increased after
      the nystatinum had been added to the solution near the skin surface. Suppression
      of the apical membrane sodium permeability with amiloride or triamteren did not
      alter the potassium secretion velocity. The nystatinum increased both the
      potassium and sodium permeability. The blocking agents for sodium channels became
      ineffective in the presence of nystatinum. During the nystatinum action on the
      apical membrane the work of Na/K pump does not change in the basal plasmatic
      membrane, while suppression of the pump with strophantinum abolishes the
      potassium secretion across the apical membrane. Vasopressin and aldosterone
      increase the potassium secretion. Therefore, the potassium secretion level
      depends on the apical membrane potassium permeability and is independent of the
      sodium transport across this membrane, it is due to potassium inflow into the
      cell with the aid of Na/K pump of the basal plasmatic membrane.

PMID- 1084298
TI  - [Reactions of pigeon tail muscles to the effect of angular acceleration and
      centrifugal force].

PMID- 1084299
TI  - [Responses of the neuromuscular synapses of chronically desympathized frog
      muscles to tetanic nerve stimulation].
AB  - 7--14 days after unilateral section of the abdominal sympathetic trunk, the
      quantum content of the end plate potential (e.p.p.) in the m. sartorius of the
      frog decreased. The facilitation and fluctuations of the e.p.p. amplitude during
      train of stimuli (20, 50, 100/sec) became more obvious. Noradrenaline (5-10(-6)
      g/ml) increased the amplitude of a single e.p.p. and the facilitation during
      repetitive stimulation. The effect of noradrenaline in sympathectomized muscles
      was more obvious than in the control muscles. After the noradrenaline
      administration, the fourfold increase of calcium concentration did not change the
      amplitude of e.p.p.s or the time course of the facilitation. The mechanism of
      depolarization--secretion coupling in the nerve terminal seems to be impaired by
      the sympathectomy.

PMID- 1084300
TI  - [The effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on the synaptic potentials of frog
      neuromuscular junctions].
AB  - Prostigmine and the organophosphorus inhibitor armine acting upon synaptic
      potentials in the frog cutaneous pectori nerve--muscle preparation, increased the
      m.e.p.p. and e.p.p. amplitudes, lengthened the rise and the half--decline time of
      the e.p.p. in a-proximately similar way. The effect of armine developed faster
      than that of prostigmine. The presynaptic effects of both anticholinesterases
      (increase of mepp's frequency and quantal content of epp's) developed much more
      slowly than their post-synaptic effects. After prostigmine pretreatment during 2
      hrs, addition of armine caused lengthening of the time-course of e.p.p.'s. but
      the presynaptic effect was not altered. After armine pretreatment, prostigmine
      did not cause any further effect. Possible mechanisms for the presynaptic effects
      of the inhibitors are discussed.

PMID- 1084301
TI  - [Morpho-physiologic characteristics of the fiber spectrum of a frog external eye
      muscle].
AB  - By means of histochemical and microelectrophysiological methods, fibers of the
      eye inferior rectus muscle of the frog were divided into types with phasic, tonic
      (two types), and transitional (two types) signs. Electric activity of the muscle
      in situ reveals presence of phasic, transitional, and tonic fibers in the given
      object (the tonic fibers being characterized by a wide range of the PSP
      parameters).

PMID- 1084302
TI  - [The effect of temperature on vascular tone].

PMID- 1084303
TI  - [The influence of synaptic processes on changes in neuronal structure].
AB  - Reactions of the spinal motoneurons to the afferent inflow were different in
      frogs: some neurons generated spike potentials during 10-min rhythmic stimulation
      (1/sec) of afferents, other neurons were switched on and off. The motoneurons and
      their synapses increased in size, their cytoplasmic matrix became lighter and
      ribosoms deteriorated. Antidromic activation did not entail modofocation of size
      or color of the cells. RNP granules were safe and local organellas degenerated.
      The role of synaptic processes in regulation of RNP metabolism and in
      intracellular reparation, was revealed.

PMID- 1084304
TI  - The satellite cells of normal anuran skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1084305
TI  - The life span of red blood cells in the amphibian larvae, Rana catesbeiana.

PMID- 1084306
TI  - Retinopathy in Pima Indians. Relationships to glucose level, duration of
      diabetes, age at diagnosis of diabetes, and age at examination in a population
      with a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The occurrence of retinopathy and its relationship to diabetes in 1,640 Pima
      Indians age 15 and over has been determined. Eighteen per cent of those with two
      hour postload plasma glucose levels of equal to or greater than 200 mg./dl. had
      some evidence of retinopathy. Of those with retinopathy and diabetes, 7 per cent
      were found to have proliferative or neovascular changes, the remainder having
      microaneurysms and/or exudates. The frequency of retinopathy increased from 3 per
      cent among newly diagnosed diabetics to 47 per cent among those with diabetes of
      10 or more years duration. No relationship was found with sex, age at diagnosis
      of diabetes, or age at time of examination when duration of diabetes was taken
      into account. The occurrence of retinopathy was confined largely to those who
      fell into the second or hyperglycemic component of the frequency distribution of
      plasma glucose levels in the population, indicating the significance of the
      bimodal glucose tolerance frequency distribution.

PMID- 1084307
TI  - Coronary heart disease in the Pima Indians. Electrocardiographic findings and
      postmortem evidence of myocardial infarction in a population with a high
      prevalence of diabetes mellitus.
AB  - The frequency of electrocardiographic evidence of coronary heart disease (CHD)
      and the rate of autopsy-proved myocardial infarction were determined in the Pima,
      a tribe of American Indians with a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The
      electrocardiograms of 701 Pimas, aged 40 years and over (85 per cent of the adult
      reservation population, 45 per cent of whom had diabetes) were read according to
      the Minnesota Code, and 120 postmortem examinations were reviewed for evidence of
      myocardial infarction. The frequency of CHD as evidenced by major Q-wave changes
      in the Pima (1.6/100) was about one-half that found in Tecumseh, Michigan (p less
      than 0.10). The relatively low rate of myocardial infarction at autopsy (15 per
      cent of males and 8 per cent of females aged 40 years and over) was consistent
      with the low prevalence of Q-wave changes. The subjects with diabetes had a
      higher rate of CHD than nondiabetics, both electrocardiographically and at
      postmortem examination, although the differences were not statistically
      significant. The low prevalence of CHD in the living Pima and the low rate of
      infarction at autopsy indicate that this tribe has a low frequency of CHD despite
      the extraordinarily high prevalence of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1084308
TI  - Diabetes mellitus: incidence, prevalence, survivorship, and causes of death in
      Rochester, Minnesota, 1945-1970.
AB  - The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus in residents of Rochester,
      Minnesota, for 25 years (1945 to 1970) were determined from available medical
      records. The over-all incidence rate for diabetes is 133 new cases per 100,000
      population per year (age-adjusted to 1970 U.S. white population). The rate
      increased with age for both men and women and was higher among men over 30 years
      of age. The average annual incidence rates per five-year period for juvenile
      onset diabetes mellitus were low and variable and showed little change. Polyuria,
      polydipsia, glycosuria, lean habitus, loss of weight, and high levels of fasting
      hyperglycemia at initial diagnosis occurred more frequently in younger than in
      older patients. The peak incidence in 1960 through 1964 and the decrease in the
      following five years may be a reflection of the introduction of the AutoAnalyzer
      method for blood glucose in 1958. The average annual incidence rates for 1955
      through 1959 and 1965 through 1969 were essentially the same. The over-all
      prevalence for diabetes mellitus is 1.6 per cent, with a higher rate among men
      than among women over 40 years of age; among school children the rate is 0.1 per
      cent. Survivorship in the diabetic population is lower than that in the general
      population. The leading cause of death was coronary heart disease, the death rate
      from it being higher than for the general population.

PMID- 1084309
TI  - The immune response in cirrhotic rats. The induction of tolerance to orally
      administered protein antigens.
AB  - Hepatic cirrhosis reduced the susceptibility of rats to the induction of
      tolerance by the oral administration of a protein antigen. Rats with portacaval
      shunt were rendered tolerant as readily as normal rats. The orally induced state
      of partial tolerance was shown to be dependent on thymus-dependent lymphocytes: B
      lymphocytes reacted normally to challenge when injected with T lymphocytes from
      normal rats. Several factors may contribute to the reduced responsiveness of the
      cirrhotic rats to the tolerance regime. First, the cirrhotic liver was shown to
      have a reduced capacity to separate immunogen from tolerogen. Second, because of
      the reduced phagocytic capacity of the liver, increased quantities of
      lipopolysaccharide, derived from intestinal microorganisms, enter the blood
      stream. These substances and products of hepatocyte necrosis have adjuvant
      activity and may therefore contribute to the changed state of responsiveness of
      rats with cirrhosis.

PMID- 1084310
TI  - Fiberoptic endoscopy during laparotomy in the diagnosis of small intestinal
      bleeding.
AB  - A patient with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding caused by hereditary
      hemorrhagic telangiectasia localized to the small intestine is described. The
      diagnosis was made by combining two recognized investigational tools-fiberoptic
      endoscopy and laparotomy.

PMID- 1084311
TI  - Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Characterization of 75 Mallory-weiss lacerations in 528
      patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
AB  - Seventy-five Mallory-Weiss lacerations were visualized endoscopically in 58 of
      528 patients evaluated acutely for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The Mallory
      Weiss mucosal laceration is more common than generally recognized, is usually
      associated with hiatal hernia and a prodrome of retching or vomiting, and the
      ingestion of alcohol or acetylsalicyclic acid, or both. The lacerations are most
      commonly gastric and are associated with other mucosal lesions which may in fact
      be the instigating cause of the retching and vomiting. Although blood loss may be
      considerable, 90% or more patients with this lesion can be managed nonsurgically
      with appropriate blood component replacement and occasional use of systemic
      pitressin. There was one fatality in this series of 58 patients with Mallory
      Weiss lacerations.

PMID- 1084312
TI  - The implication of ribonucleic acids in oviduct growth in the green frog, Rana
      esculenta.

PMID- 1084313
TI  - Functional T cells in rabbits gut mucosal lymphocytes.
AB  - Functional studies of Peyer's patch and gut mucosa lymphocytes were performed in
      mixed lymphocyte culture reaction (MLC), an in vitro measure of the capacity of T
      cells to recognize and respond to cell surface alloantigens. The data demonstrate
      the functional effectiveness of both these mucosal lymphocyte populations in one
      way MLC, both as responding as well as stimulating cells. Both the responding and
      stimulating capacities of these cells in MLC were almost the same as observed for
      lymphocytes obtained from either spleen or thymus. We conclude that functional T
      cells exist in both rabbit gut lamina propria and Peyer's patches with
      approximately the same quantitative capacity to respond in the MLC.

PMID- 1084314
TI  - T cell depletion in untreated adult coeliac disease.
AB  - The proportional and absolute numbers of circulating thymus dependent lymphocytes
      (T cells) were reduced in untreated patients with coeliac disease but were normal
      after treatment with a gluten free diet. There was an inverse correlation between
      circulating T cell numbers and jejunal intraepithelial lymphocytes. This evidence
      suggests a possible role for T cells in the pathogenesis of coeliac disease and
      is a further example of disturbed cell mediated immunity in this condition.

PMID- 1084315
TI  - Proceedings: Percutaneous, transhepatic catheterization and sclerosis of bleeding
      varices.

PMID- 1084316
TI  - Proceedings: Relative value of clinical findings, early endoscopy, and
      multivariate analysis in patients bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1084317
TI  - [Pseudomonas pneumonia in alpha antitrypsin deficiency].

PMID- 1084318
TI  - [Diverticulosis--diverticulitis].
AB  - Diverticulosis is found in approximately 5% of people living in western
      industrialized countries. 95% of these are without any symptoms and do not need
      any therapy. For prophylaxis of diverticulitis a diet containing non-digestable
      cellulose and swelling substances is recommended. Complications of diverticulosis
      like diverticulitis, perforation abscess, or stenosis can necessitate a resection
      of the sigmoid colon. This should be done before life-threatening complications
      like free perforation or massive bleeding occur.

PMID- 1084319
TI  - Brain stimulation for pain control.

PMID- 1084320
TI  - Optimal energy delivery by a brain pacemaker for cerebellar control of after
      discharge.

PMID- 1084321
TI  - Transcutaneous neural stimulation for relief of pain.

PMID- 1084322
TI  - Lymphocyte trapping. Differential effects of ATS and irradiation on trapping in
      lymph nodes and spleen.
AB  - Increased sequestration (trapping) of lymphocytes occurs in lymphoid organs
      following antigenic challenge. The effects of irradiation and anti-thymocyte
      serum (ATS) upon lymphocyte trapping in lymph nodes and spleen were studied. Both
      the above agents diminished or abrogated trapping in the draining lymph nodes;
      these same agents resulted in enhanced trapping in the spleen. Suppression of
      lymph node trapping could be achieved with a low dose of ATS and with 850 R, but
      not 200 R. These results are interpreted as showing that lymphocyte trapping in
      lymph nodes is initiated primarily by an ATS- and irradiation-sensitive
      population, whereas in the spleen a cell population resistant to the above agents
      activates the lymphocyte trap. These data demonstrate that the cell populations
      and/or the mechanisms involved in lymphocyte trapping in lymph nodes and spleens
      are distinct.

PMID- 1084323
TI  - Comparative study of antitubercular drugs in the management of primary complex.

PMID- 1084324
TI  - Tuberculin test: its diagnostic significance.

PMID- 1084325
TI  - A review of 150 cases of tuberculosis in children.

PMID- 1084326
TI  - Letter: Use of BCG in place of tuberculin to identify human tuberculous
      infection.

PMID- 1084327
TI  - Isolated mesenteric injury due to blunt abdominal trauma.
AB  - Isolated injuries of the small bowel mesentery or mesocolon with subsequent bowel
      infarction due to blunt abdominal trauma are rare. Two cases are described: 1
      involving the mesentery to the terminal ileum and 1 involving the transverse
      mesocolon and middle colic artery, both with bowel infarction. The modes of
      clinical presentation and management of patients with injuries to the mesentery,
      mesocolon and mesenteric vessels following blunt trauma are described.

PMID- 1084328
TI  - Activation of purified human T cells by mitogens: diminished mitogen-induced
      deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in human T cells compared with autologous
      peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - Human thymus-derived (T) cells were isolated from peripheral blood after rosette
      formation with neuraminidase-treated sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). After separation
      on Ficoll-hypaque, SRBC were removed from T cells by treatment with
      tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-NH4Cl. Human T cells and autologous peripheral
      blood lymphocytes (PBL) were then incubated with phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin
      A, or pokeweed mitogen. Human T cells, in the absence of other cell types,
      responded with less deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis (measured by uptake of
      [3H]thymidine) than equal numbers of autologous PBL. Further experimentation
      established that, compared with autologous PBL, the diminished capacity of human
      T cells to be activated by mitogens was due neither to differences in the mitogen
      dose-response relationship nor to the time of peak DNA synthesis of T cells or
      autologous PBL. Fragments or components of SRBC were not detected on human T
      cells, and treatment of the T cell-SRBC mixture with
      tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-NH4Cl did not contribute to the results.
      Increased cell density or a period of preculture before addition of mitogen also
      did not influence the degree of decreased DNA synthesis in human T cells compared
      with the response of autologous PBL incubated with the same mitogens. When mixed
      with the cells remaining at the Ficoll-media interface, purified human T cells
      did not suppress the mitogenic response of this cell mixture to PHA or
      concanavalin A. The data indicated that human T cells, in the absence of other
      cell types, were activated by mitogens to a lesser degree than autologous PBL.
      Furthermore, T cells responded with DNA synthesis after direct T cell-mitogen
      interaction.

PMID- 1084329
TI  - Suppressive effect of a chronic helminth infection, schistosomiasis mansoni, on
      the in vitro responses of spleen and lymph node cells to the T cell mitogens
      phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A.
AB  - Chronic murine schistosomiasis mansoni is associated with depressed cell-mediated
      immune responses to Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens. The present study has
      examined the possibility that factors develop during infection that are capable
      of altering the response of lymphocytes to stimuli other than specific
      schistosomal antigens. Egg production begins at 5 weeks, and 1 to 3 weeks later
      there is a moderate degree of unresponsiveness of lymph node and spleen cells to
      the mitogens concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin. This was associated with an
      altered dose response curve to the mitogens similar to that observed in antigenic
      systems. Seven weeks after the initiation of antigenic stimulation (egg
      prodiction lymph node and spleen cells from chronically infected animals were
      profoundly unresponsive to all concentrations of concanavalin A and
      phytohemagglutinin tested. These investigations suggest that, in addition to
      possible blockade by serum antibody, other suppressive factors may be involved in
      the spontaneous modulation of immunopathology in chronic schistosomiasis. These
      are detectable 1 to 3 weeks after the onset of egg production and are prominent
      at 12 weeks. Such findings are consistent with, but do not prove, the existence
      of suppressor T cells in chronic schistosomiasis.

PMID- 1084330
TI  - T-dependence of human B lymphocyte proliferative response to mitogens.
AB  - Human peripheral blood and tonsil lymphocytes were fractionated on anti-Ig-coated
      Sephadex columns or by centrifugation after rosetting with native sheep
      erythrocytes. Both methods allowed the recovery of B and T-enriched populations
      the purity of which was checked by fluorescein-labelled anti-Ig serum, E and EAC
      rosette formation, and heterologous antisera specific for B or T lymphocytes. The
      proliferative response of T cells to PHA, Con A, PWM, and ALS was not found
      different from that of unfractionated cells, whereas no response of the B cells
      could be observed to these mitogens providing that no contaminating T cells were
      present. Addition of T lymphocytes to these unresponsive B cells allowed them to
      respond to phytomitogens, but not to ALS. X-irradiated T cells could, to some
      extent, replace the diving T lymphocytes; no T-replacing factor could be found in
      cell-free supernatants from T cells, whether or not they had been activated by
      mitrogens. This model of B-T cooperation appears useful for studying the
      differentiation and maturation of human B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084331
TI  - Differences between lymphoid cell populations of guinea pigs and mice as
      determined by the response to mitogens in vitro.
AB  - The stimulation of guinea pig lymphocytes by phytohemagglutinin (PHA),
      concanavalin A (ConA), methanol-extracted residues of tubercle bacilli (MER),
      purified protein derivative of tubercle bacilli (PPD), dextran sulphate (DS) and
      E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was determined and compared with that of mouse
      lymphoid cells. The sources of lymphocytes tested were spleen, thymus, lymph
      nodes and bone marrow. The degree of activation of DNA synthesis by PHA and ConA
      was higher in guinea pig thymocytes and lymph node cells than in corresponding
      sources of mouse lymphocytes. The optimum degree of stimulation by PHA and ConA
      was approximately the same in guinea pig thymocytes, while ConA was by far a
      better stimulator than PHA for mouse thymocytes. All four B-cell mitogens tested
      (MER, DS, PPD and LPS) activated DNA synthesis in mouse lymphoid cells while only
      MER and DS were effective in guinea pig lymphocytes. A guinea pig spleen cell
      population depleted from B cells was not stimulated, neither by DS nor by MER,
      while it still responded to PHA and ConA. These results indicate that the
      proliferative response due to MER and DS occurs in the B-cell compartment. It is
      suggested that the differences between guinea pigs and mice with respect to their
      ability to develop a cell-mediated type immunity and to respond to T-independent
      antigens are related to differences in the relative proportions and degrees of
      maturation of T- and B-cell subpopulations, as reflected by the selective
      responsiveness to various mitogens.

PMID- 1084332
TI  - Passive sensitization of tissue cells. V. The detection of chicken antibodies
      cytophilic for basophils and eosinophils.
AB  - Basophil-cytophilic antibodies were domonstrated in sera of chickens injected
      with either sheep erythrocytes or avian tuberculin. Normal chicken basophils were
      passively sensitized in vitro, and two types of cytophilic antibodies were shown
      by rosette-formation: (a) heat-stable, mercaptoethanol-resistant antibodies, and
      (b) heat-labile, mercaptoethanol-sensitive antibodies. Serum from one of the
      chickens injected with sheep erythrocytes also passively sensitized normal, non
      basophilic granulocytes which would appear from stained smears to be eosinophils.
      Cytophilic activity in the serum correlated with the rosette-forming reactions of
      circulating eosinophils and/or basophils from each of the sensitized donor birds.

PMID- 1084333
TI  - Antibodies to nucleic acids in myasthenia gravis.
AB  - An increased frequency of antibodies to native DNA, thymocytes, and striated
      muscle was found in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). The prevalence of such
      antibodies lends considerable support to the concept of MG as an autoimmune
      disorder and militates in favor of major abnormalities in the thymic dependent
      immune system. There was no correlation between serum-blocking activity to
      acetylcholine receptor protein and antibodies to thymocytes.

PMID- 1084334
TI  - The selective suppression of an antibody response to a given antigen.

PMID- 1084335
TI  - Recurrent Mallory-Weiss syndrome.

PMID- 1084336
TI  - An acquired color defect of the opponent-color system.
AB  - An acquired unilateral color defect in a 22-year-old man has been investigated
      with standard clinical tests and by using techniques which, it is thought, test
      specifically for the sensitivity of the luminance and opponent-color systems. The
      spectral sensitivity of the defective left eye, using 1 degree 200 ms. test
      flashes on a white background, has a single broad peak at about 550 nm. and
      resembles the photopic luminosity curve; in contrast, the normal curve, measured
      in the same conditions, has three peaks at about 440, 520, and 600 nm. However,
      the subject's spectral sensitivity curve for detecting 20 Hz. flicker is quite
      normal and is similar to his curve for 200 ms. flashes. It has recently been
      proposed that the three peaks of the normal curve for 200 ms. flashes reflect the
      activity of the opponent-color system, whereas the single peak for flicker
      detection is related to the luminance system. The preceding observations may thus
      be interpreted in terms of a specific loss of the subject's opponent-color system
      and this would explain his poor color discrimination. His luminance system
      appears to be normal, and evidence is presented for the maintained function of
      red- and green-sensitive (but not blue-sensitive) cones. The spectral sensitivity
      of the subject's right eye is nearly normal, suggesting a precortical origin of
      the defect; however, there seems to be some abnormality in this eye, indicating a
      less developed form of the same defect.

PMID- 1084337
TI  - Bacteriology and pharmacokinetics of the new amidino penicillin-mecillinam.

PMID- 1084338
TI  - An intact globe technique for electrophysiological studies on cornea.
AB  - An intact globe method was developed to determine the characteristics of the
      cornea of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. With this method the anterior chamber
      could be perfused and the transcorneal potential difference (PD) and electrical
      resistance determined. It was found for the endothelium plus stroma (epithelium
      scraped) that the PD was essentially zero and the electrical resistance was only
      a small fraction of that of the intact cornea. Elevation of K+ or decrease in Cl-
      concentration in the anterior chamber produced in intact corneas a large and
      rapid change in PD while with the epithelium scraped (stroma and endothelium
      intact) these elevations produced a negligible change in PD. It is concluded that
      ions can rapidly move across the endothelium and stroma of the cornea.

PMID- 1084339
TI  - Similarity in properties and mapping of three Rec mutants of Haemophilus
      influenzae.
AB  - Three Rec- mutants of Haemophilus influenzae have been studied with respect to
      their transformability, ultraviolet and mitomycin C sensitivities, spontaneous
      and ultraviolet-induced deoxyribonucleic acid breakdown, inducibility of
      lysogens, and the linkage of the three mutations to a streptomycin resistance
      marker. The data indicate that the three mutations cause the same phenotypic
      changes, and that they are all on the same gene. Transformability of the mutants
      is different when two different media are used for competence development,
      although transformability with the two competence methods is not different in a
      Rec- strain that is mutant at another gene.

PMID- 1084340
TI  - Ultrastructural characterization of capsulated Haemophilus influenzae type b and
      two spontaneous nontypable mutants.
AB  - Capsulated Haemophilus influenzae type b and two spontaneous mutants (classes I
      and II variants) were characterized by transmission and scanning electron
      microscopy. When cells were treated with type b-specific antiserum prior to
      manipulations for electron microscopy, sectioned capsulated cells had electron
      dense, fibrous capsular antigen-antibody complexes around them. In negatively
      stained preparations, the complexes appeared as electron-transparent zones
      surrounding cells. In contrast, only residual electron-dense, extracellular
      material was seen in sectioned, untreated, capsulated cells, and electron-dense
      "bridges" connected adjacent cells in negatively stained preparations. No
      extracellular capsular material was seen around the class I and II variants.
      Characteristic electron-translucent regions were always observed within the
      cytosol of the class I cells, both in thin sections and by negative staining.
      These areas were located adjacent to the cell envelope separating the plasma
      membrane from the dense cytoplasmic matrix. At times, electron-dense, thread-like
      material extended from the dense cytoplasmic matrix to the plasma membrane. No
      such regions were seen in the capsulated and class II cells. Class I cells fixed
      with methanol or suspended in NaCl or phosphate-buffered saline prior to
      treatment with fluorescein-tagged type b-specific antiserum (FTA reagent)
      exhibited, by immunofluorescence, patches of capsular antigen along their sides.
      However, when fixed with glutaraldehyde or OsO4 or suspended in tris
      (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane plus Ca2+ buffer prior to treatment with FTA reagent,
      no patches of capsular antigen were seen. Subsequent exposure of the latter cells
      to methanol followed by treatment with FTA reagent resulted in the reappearance
      of the patches of capsular antigen. Thus, in the class I variant the capsular
      antigen is unlikely to be surface located. Scanning electron microscopy revealed
      that class I and II variant cells within undisturbed colonies were regularly
      aligned side-by-side, whereas cells within colonies of the capsulated strain were
      randomly distributed.

PMID- 1084341
TI  - Synthesis of envelope polypeptides by Haemophilus influenzae during development
      of competence for genetic transformation.
AB  - Six polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 95,000, 90,000, 80,000,
      67,000, 64,000, and 43,000 were found to be characteristic of the cell envelopes
      of competent Haemophilus influenzae, and were synthesized entirely during the
      period of competence development. Two polypeptides with apparent molecular
      weights of 58,500 and 40,500 were synthesized during growth as well as during
      competence development, but were only associated with the envelope fraction of
      cells that had developed competence. The kinetics of synthesis of the competence
      related envelope polypeptides showed a lag period of approximately 20 min. The
      observation of this lag period raises the question as to whether some of these
      competence-related polypeptides might be involved in the process of
      deoxyribonucleic acid uptake, since the development of this property also
      exhibits a sigmoid time course during competence development.

PMID- 1084342
TI  - Proceedings: Structure, function and mechanism of delta-aminolevulinic acid
      dehydratase.

PMID- 1084343
TI  - Proceedings: Changes in the physical parameters of photosynthetic membranes
      associated with energy transduction-some temperature-sensitive processes.

PMID- 1084344
TI  - The mechanism of action of ethanolamine ammonia-lyase, an adenosylcobalamin
      dependent enzyme. The source of the third methyl hydrogen in the 5'
      deoxyadenosine generated from the cofactor during catalysis.
AB  - Ethanolamine ammonia-lyase is an adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzyme which
      catalyzes the conversion of ethanolamine and propanolamine to ammonia and the
      corresponding aldehydes. A mechanism has been proposed for this and other
      adenosylcobalamin-dependent reactions which involves cleavage of the carbon
      cobalt bond of the cofactor followed by abstraction of a substrate hydrogen atom
      by the adenosyl fragment to form 5'-deoxyadenosine. In support of this proposal,
      a previous study demonstrated that the deamination of propanolamine by
      ethanolamine ammonia-lyase is accompanied by the reversible cleavage of the
      carbon-cobalt bond of the cofactor, with the production of 5'-deoxyadenosine
      (Babior, B.M., Carty, T.J., and Abeles, R.H. (1974) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 1689
      1695). The present study is concerned with the origin of the third hydrogen atom
      on the methyl group of the 5'-deoxyadenosine produced in that reaction. The 5'
      deoxyadenosine isolated from an incubation mixture initially containing enzyme,
      [5',5'-D2]adenosylcobalamin, and [1,1-D2]propanolamine was chemically degraded so
      that the 4' and 5' carbon atoms were, respectively, converted to the carbonyl and
      methyl carbons of acetaldehyde. Analysis of the p-nitrophenylhydrazone of the
      acetaldehyde by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy revealed 3 deuterium
      atoms/molecule, indicating that two of the methyl hydrogens originated from
      adenosylcobalamin and the third was donated by substrate. This observation
      provides further support for the participation of 5'-deoxyadenosine in the
      mechanism of adenosylcobalamin-dependent reactions.

PMID- 1084345
TI  - DNA synthesis and turnover in the bullfrog tadpole during metamorphosis.
AB  - 125I-labeled deoxyuridine (IdUrd) has been used to estimate the turnover of DNA
      in liver, tail, and hind limb during spontaneous and triiodothyronine-induced
      metamorphosis. It was found that the total amount of liver DNA remained constant
      and there was no significant loss of the label from the liver DNA, which would be
      expected if there was an increase in DNA turnover during metamorphosis. Also, the
      change in specific activity of liver DNA parallels that of tail DNA during
      spontaneous metamorphosis. These data suggest that metamorphic transitions in the
      tadpole liver do not involve significant changes in DNA turnover. It was observed
      that the incorporation of label into hind limb DNA showed a high variability
      among individual animals as compared to liver and tail tissue. The data presented
      suggest that the observed variability is not a random phenomenon but related
      directly to the rate at which animals will metamorphose.

PMID- 1084346
TI  - [Clopirac effectiveness in traumatology and non articular rheumatisms (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1084347
TI  - [Open study of clopirac in the treatment of non articular rheumatism (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1084348
TI  - Multidrug chemotherapy in pulmonary treatment of osteosarcoma.
AB  - Forty-three patients with osteosarcoma were treated with amputation and adjuvant
      chemotherapy utilizing a four-drug combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine,
      phenylalanine mustard, and adriamycin (CONPADRI-I regimen). Twenty-four patients
      (56 per cent) remained free of metastases twelve to sixty-one months after
      diagnosis. Ten of the twenty-four have been disease-free for more than three
      years. Another group of thirty patients was treated with amputation and a five
      drug adjuvant chemotherapy program which included the administration of massive
      doses of methotrexate with citrovorum factor (COMPADRI-II regimen). Twenty of the
      thirty (67 per cent) remained free of metastases from twelve to twenty-six months
      after amputation (median, sixteen months). Two deaths related to methotrexate
      toxicity occurred. Late metastases developed in three patients (at sixteen,
      nineteen, and twenty-six months after operation) in the group treated with the
      COMPADRI-II regimen.

PMID- 1084349
TI  - BCG osteomyelitis: experience in the Stockholm region over the years 1961-1974.
AB  - Eighteen cases of bone and joint tuberculosis in children were diagnosed in the
      Stockholm region (about 1,500,000 population) over the period 1961-1974. BCG
      infection was verified by culture and identification of bacterial type in seven,
      all after 1968. The same origin can be presumed in most of the remaining eleven
      cases, in spite of the absence of bacterial verification. The increased frequency
      of complications after BCG vaccination may necessitate a revision of the
      vaccination programme. We recommend operative treatment, which has not led to any
      growth disturbances or impairment of joint function, although the lesions were
      invariably localised close to growth zones and joints.

PMID- 1084350
TI  - Synaptic activity of frog retinal photoreceptors. A peroxidase uptake study.
AB  - The uptake of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into membranous structures, detectable
      by light and electron microscopy, is used here to monitor the synaptic activity
      of photoreceptors of isolated frog retinas maintained in the dark or under
      various illumination conditions. The major findings are: (a) Neurotransmission
      from photoreceptor terminals seems to involve the same types of endocytic
      membrane-retrieval processes that occur at other nerve terminals. Presumably, the
      endocytic processes compensate for exocytic events associated with
      neurotransmission. The retrieved membrane is "recycled" to form vesicles. Some of
      these accumulate near the synaptic ribbons, perhaps indicating reutilization for
      exocytosis. On the other hand, some retrieved membrane evidently is degraded via
      multivesicular bodies that appear to undergo "retrograde" transport from the
      receptor synapses to the myoid regions. (b) Photoreceptor terminals take up much
      HRP in the dark. Steady illumination markedly decreases uptake by rods. Uptake by
      cones is notably reduced only at illumination intensities higher than those that
      have maximal effects on rods. (c) The decrease in rod HRP uptake with light is
      reversible when retinas are allowed to adapt to the dark, if the light exposures
      used were at intensities that bleach very little visual pigment. Such "recovery"
      is not observed after light exposures that bleach a considerable amount of visual
      pigment. The cones recover their dark levels of HRP uptake even after light
      exposures that bleach considerable amounts of visual pigment. The changes in HRP
      uptake that we observe parallel expectations for photoreceptor synaptic
      neurotransmission derived from indirect physiological evidence.

PMID- 1084351
TI  - [Intracystic hemorrhages of pancreatic pseudocysts].
AB  - The authors report ten personal cases and review the literature on 99 other
      cases, and study primary intra-cystic hemorrhage or post-operative hemorrhage,
      occurring during the course of pancreatic pseudo-cysts. These hemorrhagic pseudo
      cysts are very often associated with chronic pancreatitis; they may rupture into
      a hollow viscus, the peritoneal cavity or into Wirsung's duct. Arteriography and
      duodenoscopy with retrograde pancreatography, should permit one to reduce the
      frequency of these latent, undiagnosed forms until surgical operation has been
      carried out. Even more dangerous, post-operative bleeding often represents a
      recurrence of primary intra-cystic hemorrhage which has been undiagnosed or
      neglected. Surgical treatment should give a greater place to operations of
      excision which simultaneously treat false cyst, the responsible vascular lesion
      and the chronic casual pancreatitis.

PMID- 1084352
TI  - The effects of epinephrine infusion in patients with von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - Epinephrine infusion causes variable increases in the components of the Factor
      VIII (antihemophilic factor) complex in patients with von Willebrand's disease.
      The increase in antihemophilic factor procoagulant activity was greater than that
      of Factor VIII-related antigen and von Willebrand factor activity in two patients
      with von Willebrand's disease. Similar increases in the three individual factors
      were demonstrated in two other patients. A 4-10-fold increase in Factor VIII
      related properties was identified in each of these individuals after infusion.
      One patient has been studied with very severe von Willebrand's disease; none of
      the Factor VIII-related properties increased despite two infusions of
      epinephrine. Bleeding times were normalized or remained normal in the two
      patients whose von Willebrand factor activity was greater than 25 U/100 ml. It
      remained prolonged in those three patients whose von Willebrand factor activity
      levels remained below that concentration. The increase in procoagulant activity
      was transient in all patients and t 1/2 values were estimated to be between 0.8
      and 3.4 h.

PMID- 1084353
TI  - Suppression of B-cell differentiation by leukocytes from hypogammaglobulinemic
      patients.
AB  - Leukocytes from patients with several forms of immunodeficiency characterized by
      apparently differing defects in B-lymphocyte maturation produced few or no
      plasmacytoid cells in vitro, and were capable of suppressing the generation of
      plasma cells in co-culture with cells of normal persons, in the presence of
      pokeweed mitogen. Such inhibition was commonly observed in cultures which
      included cells from patients with primary immunoglobulin deficiency, but was not
      seen to a significant degree in identical co-cultures of cells from normals. The
      suppression observed was not dependent upon mixed leukocyte culture reactivity.
      Both sheep erythrocyte-rosetting lymphocytes and adherent cells appeared to
      participate in these effects in some patients. In one patient with common
      variable immunodeficiency, but not in several others, removal of suppressing
      cells permitted the patient's remaining cells to differentiate into plasma cells
      in vitro. Because of the diverse syndromes in which suppression was observed, it
      is likely that, in at least some hypogammaglobulinemic patients, the suppression
      is secondary to the disease process rather than being the primary pathogenic
      mechanism.

PMID- 1084354
TI  - Heterogeneity of lymphocyte subpopulations in severe combined immunodeficiency.
      Evidence against a stem cell defect.
AB  - Surface markers typical of T and B lymphocytes were present on varying
      proportions of peripheral blood lymphocytes from three infants with severe
      combined immunodeficiency disease. Despite this, functions mediated by T and B
      cells were either absent or very minimal in all three, including cell-mediated
      responses in vivo; the in vitro proliferative response to mitogens, allogeneic
      cells, or antigens; effector cell function in lymphocyte-antibody lymphocytolytic
      interaction assays; and in vitro synthesis of IgG, IgA, and IgM. In contrast,
      mononuclear cells from one of the infants were tested and found capable of lysing
      both human and chicken antibody-coated erythrocyte targets normally. Co
      cultivation experiments with unrelated normal control lymphocytes failed to
      demonstrate suppressor cell activity for immunoglobulin synthesis in these
      infants. Augmentations of immunoglobulin production from 310 to 560% over that
      expected on the basis of individual culture data were noted in co-cultures of one
      of the infants' cells with two different unrelated normal control cells. These
      findings suggest that that infant may have had a T helper cell defect or that his
      T cells were unable to produce soluble factors necessary for B cell
      differentiation. The finding of cells with differentiation markers characteristic
      of T and B lymphocytes in each of these patients, though in variable quantities,
      is further evidence for heterogeneity among patients with the clinical syndrome
      of severe combined immunodeficiency and argues against the concept that their
      immunodeficiency was due to a stem cell defect.

PMID- 1084355
TI  - Radioligand receptor assay for 25-hydroxyvitamin D2/D3 and 1 alpha, 25
      dihydroxyvitamin D2/D3.
AB  - A competitive protein binding assay for measurement of the plasma concentration
      of 1 alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1alpha, 25-(OH)2D3] has been extended to
      include the immediate precursor of this hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD3).
      In addition, the assay system is capable of measuring the two metabolic products
      of ergocalciferol, namely. 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25-OHD2) and 1alpha, 25
      dihydroxyvitamin D2 [1alpha, 25-(OH)2D2]. The target tissue assay system consists
      of a high affinity cytosol receptor protein that binds the vitamin D metabolites
      and a limited number of acceptor sites on the nuclear chromatin. By utilizing a
      series of chromatographic purification steps, a single plasma sample can be
      assayed for any of the four vitamin D metabolites either individually or
      combined. Therefore, the assay procedure allows for both the quantitative and
      qualitative assessment of the total active vitamin D level in a given plasma
      sample. To show that the binding assay was capable of measuring 1alpha, 25
      (OH)2D2 as well as 1alpha, 25 (OH)2D3, two groups of rats were raised. One group,
      supplemented with vitamin D3, produced assayable material that represented
      1alpha, 25-(OH)2D3. The other group, fed only vitamin D2 in the diet, yielded
      plasma containing only 1alpha, 25-(OH)2D2 as the hormonal form of the vitamin.
      The circulating concentrations of the two active sterols were nearly identical
      (15 ng/100 ml) in both groups, indicating that the competitive binding assay can
      be used to measure both hormonal forms in plasma. In a separate experiment,
      1alpha, 25-(OH)2D2 was generated in an in vitro kidney homogenate system using 25
      OHD2 as substrate. Comparison of this sterol with 1alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 in the assay
      system showed very similar binding curves; the D2 form was slightly less
      efficient (77%). Comparison of the respective 25-hydroxy forms (25-OHD2 vs. 25
      OHD3) at concentrations 500-fold that of 1alpha, 25-(OH)2D3, again suggested that
      the binding of the D2 metabolite was slightly less efficient (71%). Finally, the
      assay was employed to measure the total active vitamin D metabolite pools in the
      plasma of normal subjects and patients with varying degrees of hypervitaminosis
      D. The normal plasma levels of 25-OHD and 1alpha, 25-(OH)2D measured in Tucson
      adults were 25-40 ng/ml and 2.1-4.5 ng/100 ml, respectively. Both sterols were
      predominately (greater than 90%) in the form of vitamin D3 metabolites in this
      environment. Typical cases of hypervitaminosis D exhibited approximately a 15
      fold increase in the plasma 25-OHD concentration, and a dramatic changeover to
      virtually all metabolites existing in the form of D2 vitamins. In contrast, the
      circulating concentration of 1alpha, 25-(OH)2D was not substantially enhanced in
      vitamin D-intoxicated patients. We therefore conclude that hypervitaminosis D is
      not a result of abnormal plasma levels of 1alpha, 25-(OH)2D but may be cuased by
      an excessive circulating concentration of 25-OHD.

PMID- 1084356
TI  - Clinical and laboratory studies into the pathogenesis of malacoplakia.
AB  - Three cases of malacoplakia are described. Electron microscopic studies revealed
      intact bacteria or bacteria in varying states of degradation within
      phagolysosomes of the malacoplakic macrophages. Michaelis-Gutmann bodies arise
      within the phagolysosomes. These findings suggest that the bacteria incorporated
      within the phagolysosomes persist as dense amorphous aggregates which later
      become encrusted with calcium phosphate crystals to form the laminated Michaelis
      Gutmann bodies. Possible explanations for the unusual macrophage response in
      malacoplakia are: (1) infection with an unusual strain of bacteria, (2) an
      immunological abnormality affecting intracellular killing of organisms, and (3)
      an abnormality affecting intracellular digestion of organisms. In considering
      each of the possibilities, we have been unable to detect any unusual strain of
      infecting organisms in association with malacoplakia, and in vitro studies have
      revealed normal T lymphocyte response to mitogen and normal monocyte bactericidal
      capacity. According to the history, each patient had reason to have a compromised
      immune status; in only one, however, was this demonstrated.

PMID- 1084357
TI  - Acute hemorrhage during routine impaction removal.

PMID- 1084358
TI  - Defective T cell function in atopic dermatitis.
AB  - The cellular immune system of 37 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) was
      assessed by measuring peripheral blood T and B cells and the in vitro lymphocyte
      response to graded doses of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) (background and 6
      concentrations of PHA from 100 to 1.6 mug). These were then correlated with
      clinical severity, ecosinophil counts, and serum IgE levels. The IgE levels
      (1,482 IU +/- 252 SEM), eosinophil counts (977 +/- 143), and absolute number of B
      cells (958 +/- 123) were significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than in age
      matched controls (70 IU +/- 28, 182 +/- 79, and 480 +/- 60, respectively), and
      each significantly (p less than 0.05) correlated with the clinical severity. By
      contrast, percent B lymphocytes (20 +/- 1), percent (51 +/- 2) and total (2,357
      +/- 217) T cells did not differ from controls. Eleven patients had low percent T
      cells (less than 40%); clinical and laboratory evaluation in these patients did
      not differ from the remaining 26. Lymphocytes from AD patients had higher
      background deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis than controls (suggestive of
      increased number of B cells) and significantly depressed responses at the low PHA
      concentrations (6.3, 3.1, and 1.6 mug), which significantly correlated (p less
      than 0.05) inversely with IgE levels. These studies suggest a subtle defect in T
      lymphocyte function leading to increased B cells and increased IgE production.

PMID- 1084359
TI  - Clinical conference: Severe obstructive lung disease in a 14-year-old girl with
      alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - Severe, largely irreversible obstructive lung disease, compatible with emphysema,
      was found in a 14-yr-old white girl who had been considered to have chronic
      asthma. She also presented a serum alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Serum values
      for alpha-1 antitrypsin on two occassions were 95 and 105 mg/100 ml; Pi type was
      SZ. A family survey disclosed a 13-yr-old brother with the same pattern of alpha
      1 antitrypsin  deficiency. His serum value was 122.5 mg/100 ml; Pi type was SZ.
      He was asymptomatic and showed minimal pulmonary function abnormalities.

PMID- 1084360
TI  - Interaction between lymphocytes and inflammatory exudate cells. II. A proteolytic
      enzyme released by PMN as a possible mediator for enhancement of thymocyte
      response.
AB  - Mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were harvested from the peritoneal
      cavity stimulated with sodium caseinate. The cells were cultivated in vitro and
      the supernatant of these cultures (SUP) was tested for enhancing potency on DNA
      synthesis by syngeneic thymocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The
      enhancing potency of the SUP was markedly influenced by duration of the donor
      cultures of PMN, population density of the cultures, and protein concentrations
      in the medium, respectively. The enhancing factor in the SUP was found to be non
      dialysable, heat-labile, and stable in the pH ranging between 3 and 9 but labile
      in the pH below 2 or above 10; its m.w. was approximately 19.000 when measured by
      gel-filtration on Sephadex G-75. The factor had a proteolytic activity on 3H
      acetyl hemoglobin (3HHb) at neutral pH (7.2). Both the proteolytic activity and
      thymocyte-helping potency of the SUP were similarly abolished by adding protease
      inhibitor (Trasylol) in soluble form, or by passing through a column of the
      inhibitor insolubilized. It was thus assumed that the enhancing effect of PMN on
      thymocyte response was associated with a neutral protease released from the
      cells: it may be termed a lymphocyte-helping protease (LHP).

PMID- 1084361
TI  - Identification of T and B cell subpopulations in human peripheral blood:
      electrophoretic mobility distributions associated with surface marker
      characteristics.
AB  - The electrophoretic mobility distributions of human peripheral blood lymphocytes
      isolated on Ficoll-Hypaque gradients were characterized by laser Doppler
      spectroscopy. Three major subpopulations were spectrally resolved, due to
      differences in their mobility, when an electric field was applied to the
      scattering cuvette. The fastest component (centered at 2.35 mum/sec/V/cm for 25
      degrees C, 0.28 M sucrose medium of 0.005 ionic strength) passed through nylon
      fiber columns and was identified as a T cell subpopulation. The slowest component
      (1.85 mum/sec/V/cm) which was further enriched by a one-step rosette procedure
      with sheep erythrocytes, reacted with activated-complement (C3) and antiserum to
      human immunoglobulins and was therefore identified as a B cell subpopulation. The
      intermediate component (centered at 2.15 mum/sec/V/cm) appears to be another T
      cellsubpopulation. Although cells of this component did not pass through nylon
      fiber columns, they did rosette with sheep erythrocytes. Furthermore, these cells
      did not appear to have surface immunoglobulins or complement receptors.

PMID- 1084362
TI  - Mouse lymphotoxin.
AB  - The addition of PHA to C3H mouse spleen cells in tissue culture led to the
      production of lymphotoxin (LT). Cytotoxicity was assayed by addition of the
      culture fluids to syngeneic target cells labeled with tritiated thymidine; after
      an incubation period of 72 hr the amount of radioactivity released into the
      supernatant was measured. The LT activity in unfractionated culture fluids
      survived lyophilization, remained unchanged for many weeks at 4 degrees C, and
      progressively decreased on heating at 56 degrees C for periods from 1 to 9 hr.
      Based on the G-200 Sephadex distribution coefficients for several preparations,
      the m.w. of mouse lymphotoxin was about 41,000 daltons. Lymphotoxin from three
      different spleen cell production runs was recovered from isoelectric focusing
      columns in sharply focused peaks, the pH of which ranged from 4.4 to 4.8.

PMID- 1084363
TI  - Studies on the maturation of immune responsiveness in the mouse. II. Role of the
      spleen.
AB  - Experiments were designed to investigate the role of the spleen in the
      development of the murine immune system. By using mice splenectomized within 24
      hr of birth, as well as mice with a hereditary, congenital absence of the spleen,
      the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes was examined. The
      immunocompetence of lymph node cells from spleenless or control mice was assessed
      in vitro, in organ and in cell suspension cultures, and in vivo, by transfer into
      lethally irradiated syngeneic recipients followed by antigenic stimulation. The
      immunologic capacities of thymus and bone marrow cells were similarly tested by
      injection separately or in combination into irradiated syngeneic mice. Lymph node
      cells from spleenless animals appeared fully competent both in vitro and in
      transfer experiments. Neither neonatal splenectomy nor congenital absence of the
      spleen significantly reduced the capacity of bone marrow or thymus cells to
      participate in the immune response to sheep erythrocytes.

PMID- 1084364
TI  - Relationship of CIF, LT, and PIF released in vitro by activated human
      lymphocytes. II. A further functional comparison of LT and PIF activities on HeLa
      and L-929 target cells.
AB  - Lymphotoxin (LT), and proliferation inhibition factor (PIF) activities found in 5
      day supernatants of mitogen-activated human lymphocytes (SAL) were further
      compared. In agreement with previous results, the activities could not be
      distinguished functionally. Quantitative differences in the amount of activity
      detected in the SAL could be accounted for on the basis of target cell
      differences, concentration of the lymphocyte effector molecules in the
      supernatant, and the parameter employed to assess cell function. Growth
      inhibitory activity detected at high supernatant dilutions was completely
      reversible, whereas the cytotoxic activity detected at low supernatant dilutions
      was irreversible. When the active medium was fractionated on DEAE, two peaks of
      inhibitory activity were detected. Depending upon the amount of activity and
      target cell, both peaks of activity were growth inhibitory or cytotoxic. Since
      both peaks of material affected HeLa and L-929 cells, the materials were not
      species specific. Thus, it appears that cloning inhibitor factor, LT, and PIF
      activities may actually be measures of the same stable materials found in 5-day
      activated lymphocyte supernatants.

PMID- 1084365
TI  - The requirement for esterase activation in the anti-immunoglobulin-triggered
      movement of B lymphocytes.
AB  - In this paper we bring evidence suggesting that there is activation of an
      esterase upon reaction of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies (anti-Ig) with murine B
      lymphocytes. B lymphocytes upon exposure to anti-Ig cap the ligand-receptor
      complexes and immediately afterward become briefly motile. It is this latter step
      which is inhibitable by exposure to di-isopropyl phosphofluoridate (DFP). Various
      experimental manipulations indicated that treatment with anti-Ig activates the
      cell for motility which, however, is not manifested until the temperature is
      raised to 37 degrees C. The cell incubated with anti-Ig at cold temperatures
      becomes susceptible to the effect of DFP, suggesting that the antibody-treated
      cells are activated up to but not beyond the DFP inhibitable step. Exposure of
      cells to DFP and removal of it before their treatment with anti-Ig does not
      affect the anti-Ig-induced response. Four lines of evidence indicate that the
      reduction of lymphocyte movement of DFP is due to the inhibition of an esterase
      activated by the combination of antibody and cell: 1) The inhibition by DFP is
      irreversible; once DFP has reacted it can be washed away and the antibody-treated
      cell is still inhibited. 2) The inhibition increases with time of contact of
      lymphocytes and DFP and with the concentration of DFP. 3) A very poorly
      phosphorylating phosphonate, phenyl ethyl pentylphosphonate is completely
      inactive under conditions where an excellent phosphorylating phosphonate, p
      nitrophenyl ethyl pentylphosphonate maximally inactivated the cells' movement. 4)
      The amino acid esters, tosyl L arginine methyl ester and benzoyl arginine methyl
      ester specifically prevent the inactivation by DFP. The last finding suggests
      that tosyl L arginine methyl ester and benzoyl L arginine methyl ester might be
      substrates for the putative antibody-induced lymphocyte esterase. Lymphocytes
      incubated with antibody in the cold for more than 30 min lose their ability to
      move when the temperature is raised, suggesting that there is a time-dependent
      deactivation of the cell.

PMID- 1084366
TI  - Regulatory factors produced by lymphocytes. I. The occurrence of multiple alpha
      lymphotoxins associated with ribonuclease activity.
AB  - Supernatant fluids of mitogen-activated human tonsil lymphocytes contain large
      amounts of a factor toxic to mouse L cells. This substance, with a m.w. of 80,000
      +/- 5,000 daltons, is called alpha-lymphotoxin (alpha-LT), to differentiate it
      from another toxin elaborated by mitogen activated human blood lymphocytes,
      called beta-lymphotoxin (beta-LT), which differs from alpha-LT in size (45,000 +/
      5,000 daltons), antigenicity, and stability. Further purification of alpha-LT by
      sequential phosphocellulose and DEAE-cellulose chromatography and polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis (PAGE) identifies a series of cytotoxins differing in ion
      exchange characteristics and electrophoretic mobilities. The three PAGE fractions
      (PAGE Ia, Ib and II), recovered in 2, 4.6, and 21% yield from the starting serum
      free culture supernatant, represent purifications of 24-, 24- and 1851-fold,
      respectively. Each cytotoxic fraction has a ribonuclease activity. Comparison of
      RNase and mouse L cell cytotoxic activities of the three alpha-LT fractions shows
      that both activities for all three fractions have a similar temperature stability
      pattern and that both are similarly inhibited by DNA, single strand forms better
      than double strands, by glycerol in 5 to 20% concentration, and by protein
      denaturing reagents. These observations suggest, but do not prove, that mouse L
      cell toxicity and RNase activity are mediated by the same substance, which
      appears to occur in multiple or isozymic forms.

PMID- 1084367
TI  - C1q (c1) receptor on human platelets: inhibition of collagen-induced platelet
      aggregation by C1q (C1) molecules.
AB  - Hemolytically active human C1q incubated with EA before the addition of
      complement inhibited the immune hemolysis. On the contrary, heat-inactivated
      preparation (30 min 56 degrees C) was ineffective. Preincubation of EA with
      bovine collagen also resulted in a decreased hemolysis. When aggregation was
      measured by a turbidimetric method in citrated human platelet-rich plasma, it was
      found that hemolytically active human C1q (C1) alone does not induce platelet
      aggregation. However, in its presence the platelets failed to aggregate or
      exhibited a significantly reduced aggregation response to bovine collagen. The
      inhibition by C1q depended on the preincubation time with platelets. Heat
      treatment (30 min 56 degrees C) destroyed the inhibitory action of C1q (C1). The
      effect of C1q proved to be highly specific because different C1q preparations at
      their inhibitory doses in collagen-induced platelet aggregation did not influence
      the response to other aggregating agents (bovine thrombin, ADP, horse anti-human
      thymocyte globulin, goat anti-baboon platelet antiserum). The results prove that
      collagen and C1q are capable of binding to the same site(s); namely, to those of
      EA and human platelets; furthermore, they suggest the presence of a receptor for
      C1q (C1) on human platelets.

PMID- 1084368
TI  - Suppressor cells in spleens from "nude" mice: their effect on the mitogenic
      response of B lymphocytes.
AB  - A cell population recovered after velocity sedimentation fractionation of "nude"
      but not haired mouse spleen cells suppressed the response of spleen cells from
      both "nude" and haired mice to the B cell mitogen, LPS. The suppressor activity
      of these cells was abrogated by treatment with anti-theta antiserum and
      complement but not by treatment with the same antiserum preabsorbed with mouse
      brain. It is possible that these suppressor cells come from the pool of T cell
      precursors known to be present in "nude" bone marrow and spleen, and that they do
      not require thymic influence in order to perform the suppressor function.

PMID- 1084369
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of AgF-1:a rat lymphocyte membrane
      antigen.
AB  - A genetically defined, serologically identified antigen of the rat lymphocyte
      membrane (AgF-1) has been isolated. Viable spleen and lymph node cells, prepared
      by Ficoll-Hypaque density centrifugation from Fischer rats, were radioiodinated
      with soluble lactoperoxidase. Extracts obtained with Nonidet P-40 were shown to
      contain numerous radiolabeled proteins including cell-surface globulin. AgF-1 was
      isolated from these extracts by precipitation with a highly specific alloantibody
      in conjunction with xenospecific anti-globulin antibody and polyethylene glycol
      (PEG). The use of PEG greatly increased the efficiency of the double antibody
      technique. The putative antigenic peak was eluted from sodium dodecyl sulfate
      polyacrylamide gels (SDS-PAGE) and specific antigenic activity was recovered.
      Removal of the SDS from these eluates was achieved by equilibration with urea and
      passage over an anion exchange resin. Renaturation, as evidenced by specific
      inhibition of complement-mediated cytotoxicity, occurred upon the removal of urea
      by dialysis. The m.w. of the purified antigen was estimated to be 35 to 40,000
      daltons by SDS-PAGE and was unaffected by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol. Amino
      acid composition was roughly similar to those reported for the major
      histocompatibility antigens of the rat and other species.

PMID- 1084370
TI  - Generation of specific helper cells and suppressor cells in vitro for the IgE and
      IgG antibody responses.
AB  - Normal splenic lymphocytes from BDF1 mice were cultured on ovalbumin (OA)-bearing
      syngeneic peritoneal adherent cells for 5 days and their subsequent helper
      function was tested by an adoptive transfer technique. Lymphocytes harvested from
      the culture were mixed with DNP-KLH-primed spleen cells and transferred into
      irradiated syngeneic mice followed by challenge with DNP-OA. The results showed
      that the cultured lymphocytes has helper function for both IgE and IgG anti-DNP
      antibody responses. Depletion of mast cells and T cells in the peritoneal
      adherent cell preparations did not affect the generation of helper cells in the
      culture. The helper function of the cultured lymphocytes was abolished by the
      treatment with anti-theta antiserum and complement and was specific for
      ovalbumin. The OA-specific helper T cells were generated in vitro by the culture
      of a T cell-rich fraction of normal spleen on T cell-depleted OA-bearing
      peritoneal cells. If the normal splenic lymphocytes or T cell-rich fraction were
      cultured with 10 mug/ml of OA in the absence of macrophages, cultured lymphocytes
      lacked helper function. The transfer of splenic lymphocytes or splenic T cells
      cultured with soluble OA to normal non-irradiated mice, however, suppressed both
      IgG and IgE antibody responses of the recipients to subsequent immunization with
      DNP-OA. The suppressor cells were sensitive to anti-theta antiserum and
      complement and their activity was specific for OA. The cultured cells transferred
      into normal mice did not suppress anti-hapten antibody response to DNP-KLH.
      Normal lymphocytes cultured on OA-bearing macrophages and had helper function in
      adoptive transfer experiments failed to suppress antibody response of non
      irradiated recipients to DNP-OA. The results indicate that OA-bearing macrophages
      primed T cells and generated helper T cells, whereas the culture of normal
      lymphocytes with soluble OA in the absence of macrophages generated suppressor T
      cells.

PMID- 1084371
TI  - Antibodies to guinea pig lymphokines. II. Suppression of delayed hypersensitivity
      reactions by a "second generation" goat antibody against guinea pig lymphokines.
AB  - A "second generation" antibody to a highly purified lymphocyte product was raised
      in a goat against material eluted from a rabbit anti-guinea pig lymphokine
      immunoadsorbent column. This anti-lymphokine serum, in constrast to anti
      lymphocyte serum (ALS) did not appear to contain cytotoxic antibodies directed
      against membrane antigens on guinea pig lymph node lymphocytes. Furthermore, the
      anti-lymphokine serum did not inhibit the formation of spontaneous T rosettes nor
      significantly depress lymphocyte response to mitogens. The anti-lymphokine serum
      totally suppressed the delayed skin reactivity to PPD and contact sensitivity to
      DNCB when injected intradermally around the site of antigen challenge. By
      contrast, intradermally injected ALS did not appear to suppress the PPD response
      in sensitized guinea pigs. Intravenously and i.p. administered anti-lymphokine
      serum was somewhat less effective in suppressing the delayed skin response to
      PPD. The intradermal injection of the antiserum had no effect on nonspecific
      inflammation evoked by turpentine-olive oil or on the extravasation of
      circulating Evans blue evoked by intradermally injected histamine. Histologic
      examination of 24-hr DNCB-induced skin lesions from sensitized guinea pigs
      treated with intradermally injected anti-lymphokine serum showed marked reduction
      of mononuclear infiltration of the dermis and of epidermal lesions, as compared
      with skin sites taken from sensitized animals pretreated with normal goat serum.
      The anti-lymphokine serum injected i.v. also markedly reduced the perivascular
      infiltration of the dermis and subcutis in skin reaction sites from sensitized
      animals challenged with PPD. Intravenous treatment with ALS for 3 consecutive
      days caused extensive depletion of the paracortical areas of peripheral lymph
      nodes whereas treatment with normal serum and anti-lymphokine serum caused no
      such depletion. It is proposed that the anti-lymphokine serum is directed against
      activated lymphocyte products, one of them being MIF. These products are involved
      in the mediation of delayed hypersensitivity reactions. This is in marked
      contrast to ALS, the suppressive action of which appears to be central rather
      than peripheral.

PMID- 1084372
TI  - Induction of T cell response to haptens coupled to mycobacteria.
AB  - A new method for the induction of cellular immune response to commonly used
      haptens in the absence of detectable antibody response is described. Different
      haptens were convalently coupled to Mycobacteria and they were injected into
      guinea pigs in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Humoral and cellular immune response
      to haptens were examined at weekly intervals for 5 weeks. Our results show that a
      significant anti-hapten cellular response was induced and subsequently elicited
      by both in vivo (skin test) and in vitro (Lymphocyte transformation and
      macrophage migration inhibition) assays.

PMID- 1084373
TI  - Automated counting of T cell rosettes.
AB  - Human T cell rosettes were enumerated using an automated particle counter, the
      Bio/Physics Cytograf 6300A. An electronic oscilloscope representation of particle
      absorbance and scatter of a focused laser beam allows the separation and
      enumeration of both rosetted and non-rosetted lymphocytes. Repeated Cytograf
      sampling of a single rosette preparation gave highly reproducible results, and
      sampling from replicate tubes produced the same degree of variation as
      microscopic analysis. T cell rosettes prepared from 27 volunteers and compared by
      both methods of quantitation showed a high degree of correlation. This method can
      objectively measure at least 100 times as many cells for their rosette-forming
      capability as the tedious microscopic technique.

PMID- 1084374
TI  - Some methodological studies on effector cells in the lymphocyte-dependent
      cytotoxic antibody assay.
AB  - A method of direct freezing was found to be reliable for storage of the effectors
      for the LDA assay, though there is a considerable loss of cells. In order to get
      immunologically active K cells after thawing, an important step is to leave the
      cells to recuperate overnight in an appropriate medium before use. A short-term
      storage of fresh effectors is also possible. The use of a pool of effector cells
      from a minimum of 3 random blood donors obviates the selection of HL-A types
      furthermore permits a saving of the amount of serum used. Enrichment of a B cell
      population by removing the cells capable of forming spontaneous rosettes with
      SRBC was not found to enhance cytotoxicity. Pretreatment of cells with pronase,
      trypsin and neuraminidase did not significantly enhance their effector activity,
      while papain treated cells showed a systematically increased specific lysis.

PMID- 1084375
TI  - Determination of DNA antibodies in normal and pathological sera by a new
      counterimmunoelectrophoresis method.
AB  - A quantitative counter-immunoelectrophoresis technique has been applied to the
      evaluation of antibodies against native and single-stranded DNA. Anti-DNA
      antibodies have been found at high dilutions in patients with systematic lupus
      erythematosus, without correlation with the existence of renal lesions or with
      the degree of DNA binding assessed by Farr assay. Significant precipitates were
      also observed at significantly lower dilutions in other pathological situations
      and in normal subjects, posing the problem of the nature of the precipitates in
      these cases.

PMID- 1084376
TI  - Lymphocyte effector molecules: an vitro production method for obtaining liter
      volumes of supernatants from mitogen-stimulated human lymphocytes.
AB  - An in vitro method has been developed utilizing phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
      activated lymphocytes obtained from human tonsils and adenoids which permit the
      accumulation of multi-liter quantities of cell-free supernatants containing
      lymphotoxin and other lymphocyte effector molecules (LEM). An enriched media is
      employed which contains a large molecular weight, heat stable bovine serum
      fraction which supports lymphoid cell activation and levels of LEM secretion
      equal to that of cultures maintained in medium supplemented with whole serum.
      Elimination of whole serum from the media greatly reduces overall protein
      concentrations and facilitates concentration and purification studies. Various
      technical aspects of these cultures have been examined, i.e.: 1) cell
      concentration, 2) kinetics of LT production over a ten-day period, 3) mitogen
      dosage, and 4) types of media. Supernatants can be harvested repeatedly from a
      single culture over the ten day period, thus doubling the yield of LEM collected
      from a single culture.

PMID- 1084377
TI  - Cellular basis of interferon formation and hyporeactivity after exposure to
      bacterial lipopolysaccharide.
AB  - Endotoxin apparently induces interferon in only a few types of cell, yet it
      produces strong hyporesponsiveness to a large number of agents. After incubation
      for 24 hr with endotoxin in vitro, tissue cultures of thymus, spleen, mesenteric
      lymph nodes, and to a lesser extent, liver and lung produced interferon. Lymphoid
      tissues of bone marrow-derived (B-) cells (sacculus rotundus, appendix, and
      Peyer's patches) and kidney did not produce interferon. Adherent spleen cells
      produced more interferon than nonadherent cells. Purification of spleen cells on
      a bovine serum albumin gradient showed that light, DNA-synthesizing cells made
      interferon in response to endotoxin or polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid.
      Mouse spleen cells produced a "late" interferon 24-48 hr after exposure to
      endotoxin, which, in contrast to "early" interferon (produced at 0-24 hr) from
      spleen and other tissues, is stable at 56 C for 60 min. It is suggested that this
      late interferon represents a "B-cell" interferon. Hyporeactivity was produced in
      vitro by endotoxin only in tissues that make endotoxin-induced interferon, a fact
      consistent with the theory that the interferon-inducing mechanism must be
      initiated before hyporeactivity results. The fact that endotoxin has been found
      to act on a fairly large range of cells (i.e., macrophages, thymus-derived cells,
      and probably B-lymphocytes) explains its ability to produce broad
      hyporesponsiveness.

PMID- 1084378
TI  - Enhanced expression of histocompatibility antigens of lymphoid cells in mice
      treated with interferon.
AB  - Treatment of young and mature mice with potent preparations of mouse interferon
      results in a marked enhancement of the expression of histocompatibility antigens
      on the surface of thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes, as measured by an enhanced
      absorption of alloantiserum. These modifications in the expression of cell
      surface antigens may reflect an effect of interferon on lymphocyte naturation and
      may be relevant to theffect of interferon on lymphocyte function.

PMID- 1084379
TI  - Leukocyte colony-stimulating factor and inhibitor activity.
AB  - Native and density gradient separated rat peritoneal exudate cells were evaluated
      for both their capacity to stimulate granulocyte colony formation and their
      ability to inhibit colony growth in vitro. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
      (CSF) was primarily elaborated by monocytes and macrophages; neutrophils showed
      only minimal stimulatory activity. In contrast, freeze-thawed extracts of both
      monocyte-macrophage and granulocyte fractions were markedly inhibitory to colony
      growth using a standard L-cell-derived CSF. Characterization of the inhibitory
      material indicated it to be a low molecular weight, nonlipid, heat-stable
      substance. In addition to peritoneal leukocytes, other tissues including lymph
      node, thymic and splenic lymphocytes, liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle also
      contained inhibitory materials. These observations suggest that granulopoiesis,
      as assessed by in vitro culture techniques, is not influenced solely by a simple
      feedback loop; rather, leukocytic elements, as well as other tissues, appear to
      contain and release both stimulatory and inhibitory factors.

PMID- 1084380
TI  - The influence of selective thrombocytopenia on nephrotoxic nephritis.
AB  - Anticoagulation with agents that interfere with fibrin formation inhibit the
      development of the autologous phase of nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN). Platelet
      participation in the nephritic process has been suggested but not proved,
      therefore, the influence of selective thrombocytopenia on the autologous phase in
      rabbits was evaluated. NTN was produced with goat antirabbit glomerular basement
      membrane antiserum. Thrombocytopenia was induced with goat antirabbit platelet
      antiserum 24 hours prior to the onset of nephritis. Platelet accumulation within
      the nephritic kidney was quantitated using chromium labeled platelets.
      Thrombocytopenia has no inhibitory effect on the development of the autologous
      phase of NTN in rabbits. There was no platelet accumulation within the nephritic
      kidney in the presence of thrombocytopenia. Pharmacologic inhibition of platelet
      aggregation may be of no benefit in glomerulonephritis produced by a fixed
      antigen-antibody reaction within the glomerular capillary wall.

PMID- 1084381
TI  - Determination of alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes by isoelectric focusing in
      polyacrylamide gels.
AB  - A method for alpha1-antitrypsin phenotyping is described that uses isoelectric
      focusing in a pH gradient 3.5 to 5 with polyacrylamide as supporting medium. The
      method is fast, reproducible, and reliable and offers some advantages over the
      currently used starch-gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 1084382
TI  - Letter: Problem physicians.

PMID- 1084384
TI  - Utilization of dual training in medicine and law.

PMID- 1084383
TI  - Letter: Negligence or malice?

PMID- 1084385
TI  - Medical-legal aspects of familial cancer.

PMID- 1084386
TI  - After Canterbury: the need for medical experts in the informed consent suit.

PMID- 1084387
TI  - Consumer protection and professional services.

PMID- 1084388
TI  - After Quinlan.

PMID- 1084389
TI  - Courts and IRS disagree on home office deductions.

PMID- 1084390
TI  - Legal problems in blood product use.

PMID- 1084391
TI  - Editorial: Before it is too late.

PMID- 1084392
TI  - Pharmacy, pharmaceuticals, and consumer education.

PMID- 1084393
TI  - The mediation of malpractice cases: a physician's view of the New York system.

PMID- 1084394
TI  - The mediation of malpractice cases: a lawyer's view of the New York system.

PMID- 1084396
TI  - Tax laws and the doctor: is a "business auto" fully deductible?

PMID- 1084395
TI  - Portions of Ohio's new malpractice law declared unconstitutional.

PMID- 1084397
TI  - Letter: Sting kit law asked.

PMID- 1084398
TI  - Confidentiality and consent in psychiatric treatment of minors.

PMID- 1084399
TI  - Ly and Ia antigen phenotypes of T cells involved in delayed-type hypersensitivity
      and in suppression.
AB  - The Ly and Ia phenotypes of T lymphocytes involved in different functions were
      characterized by the use of specific antisera. T cells responsible for delayed
      type hypersensitivity (DTH) and for helper functions were found to be Ly-1+,2- in
      contrast to cytotoxic T cells and T cells responsible for suppression of antibody
      responses which were Ly-1-,2+. Unlike some primed helper cells, T cells involved
      in DTH were Ia-. Suppressor cells in the system were Ia+.

PMID- 1084400
TI  - Inhibition of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and immunoglobulin
      synthesis by an antiserum prepared against a human B-cell Ia-like molecule.
AB  - Rabbit antisera to the human B-cell-specific antigen complex, p23,30, was used to
      define further the functional heterogeneity of isolated human lymphocyte
      subpopulations. Specific depletion of p23,30-bearing cells from Ig-negative cell
      populations and Ig-negative, E rosette-negative (Null) populations by either
      complement-mediated lysis or by physical separation on goat antirabbit Fab
      immunoabsorbent columns, eliminates the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic
      (ADCC) function. Furthermore, binding of anti-p23,30 serum to the effector cell
      surface inhibits ADCC but does not interfere with EA rosette formation.
      Apparently p23,30 represents a cell surface site which is distinct from the Fc
      receptor but which is important in the triggering of ADCC. In addition, depletion
      of p23,30-bearing cells from unfractionated cell populations, Ig-positive B-cell
      populations and Ig-negative, E rosette-negative (Null) populations eliminates the
      capacity of these populations to secrete immunoglobulin during subsequent
      culturing. Thus both the Ig-secreting cells and the ADCC effector cells within
      the Ig-negative, E rosette-negative (Null) population reside in the same
      population of cells which bears the p23,30 antigen.

PMID- 1084401
TI  - Antibody response of C3H in equilibrium (CKB X CWB)F1 tetraparental mice to poly
      L(Tyr,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala-poly-L-Lys immunization.
AB  - To test whether the antigen-specific stimulation of low responder-genotype B
      cells in tetraparental mice is due to a histoincompatibility reaction (allogeneic
      effect) against these B cells, tetraparental mice were constructed (a) between an
      Ir-1A low responder to the antigen poly-L(Tyr,Glu)-poly-D,L-Ala--poly-L-Lys.
      [(T,G)-A--L] and an Ir-1A F1 high responder and (b) between two histoincompatible
      Ir-lA low responders. In the first case the F1 high responder embryo shares the
      whole of the H-2 complex, including Ir, with the low responder embryo.

PMID- 1084402
TI  - The modulation of lymphocyte functions by molecules secreted by macrophages. II.
      Conditions leading to increased secretion.
AB  - Cultures of peritoneal exudate cells rich in macrophages were studied for the
      secretion of lymphostimulatory molecules. Two conditions produced increased
      secretion: (a) addition to the cultures of various agents that readily interacted
      with macrophages, such as latex particles, antibody-coated red cells, endotoxin,
      Listeria organisms, or Be salt; or (b) addition of activated lymphocytes. In the
      first case the increased activity was found during the first 24 or 48 h after
      uptake of the stimuli. Increased activity was found in normal or peptone
      stimulated macrophages but not in macrophages after injection of endotoxin or
      thioglycollate. The addition of T lymphocytes from Listeria-infected mice to
      macrophage cultures increased greatly the activities. This increase was also
      produced by addition to antigen-primed T cells together with antigen. The
      lymphocytes by themselves did not secrete active factors. The lymphostimulatory
      activities were tested on thymocyte DNA synthesis and on antibody formation in
      vitro. The latter assay was done on spleen cells from immunized mice where one
      striking effect was the stimulation of differentiation to antibody-secreting
      cells. Some dissociation of both activities (thymocyte DNA synthesis and B-cell
      differentiation) was observed with selected culture fluids.

PMID- 1084403
TI  - Properties of the antigen-specific suppressive T-cell factor in the regulation of
      antibody response of the mouse. III. Dual gene control of the T-cell-mediated
      suppression of the antibody response.
AB  - The antigen-specific suppressive T-cell factor of mice, which had previously been
      shown to be an I region gene product, could effectively suppress the in vitro
      secondary antibody response of spleen cells from syngeneic or H-2 compatible
      mouse strains but not that of H-2 incompatible strains. The identities among
      genes in the left side half (K, I-A, and I-B) of the H-2 complex between the
      donor and recipient strains were found to be both necessary and sufficient for
      the induction of suppression. This suggests that the acceptor site for the
      suppressive T-cell factor is also determined by the gene present in the left side
      half of the H-2 complex. The cell type which expresses the acceptor site was
      found to be a subset of T cell. In general, the suppressive T-cell factor
      obtained from F1 mice could suppress the responses of both parental strains, and
      the parental factors could suppress the response of F1 mice. The results indicate
      that both suppressor and acceptor molecules are codominantly expressed on F1 T
      cells. There were found two types of defects in the expression of suppressor and
      acceptor molecules among mouse strains: A/J mice could not produce the
      suppressive T-cell factor despite that they could accept the factor produced by
      other H-2 compatible mouse strains. In contrast, all the B10 congeneic lines
      could produce the T-cell factor, but could not accept the factor produced by
      syngeneic and H-2 compatible non-B10 congeneic lines. The F1 hybrid of A/J and
      B10. A could both produce and accept the T-cell factor, and thus the expressions
      of suppressor and acceptor molecules were found to be dominant traits. These
      results indicate that the antigen-specific T-cell-mediated suppression is
      regulated by at least two genes both present in the H-2 complex, and that the
      complementation of these two genes is required for the induction of suppression.

PMID- 1084404
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens and genetic control of the immune response in guinea
      pigs. III. Specific inhibition of antigen-induced lymphocyte proliferation by
      strain-specific anti-idiotypic antibodies.
AB  - The in vitro T-cell proliferation induced by penicilloylated bovine IgG (BPO-BGG)
      in sensitized strain 2 and strain 13 guinea pigs could be specifically blocked by
      strain-specific antisera presumably directed against cell membrane-associated
      immunoglobulin idiotypes. The anti-idiotypic antisera were prepared in strain 2
      and strain 13 guinea pigs against immunoadsorbent purified anti-BPO-BGG
      antibodies which had been raised in strain 2 and strain 13 animals. Strain 13
      antistrain 13 anti-BPO-BGG (a strain 13 BPO-BGG) suppressed the in vitro BPO-BGG
      response of cells from immunized strain 13 animals but did not inhibit the
      response of cells from immune strain 2 animals. Conversely, the corresponding
      antiserum raised in a strain 2 combination (a strain 2 BPO-BGG) only inhibited
      the in vitro BPO-BGG response of strain 2 cells. Furthermore, the inhibitory
      activity of the antisera could only be absorbed by immune cells from the
      syngeneic strain. The activity of the a strain 13 BPO-BGG serum was highly
      specific; the inhibitory activity could only be absorbed by BPO-BGG-sensitive
      strain 13 cells. The inhibitory activity of the anti-idiotypic sera was
      predominantly associated with the 19S fraction. The data suggest that immune
      cells and in particular T lymphocytes from strain 2 and strain 13 guinea pigs
      possess strain-specific recognition structures from BPO-BGG with the same
      idiotypes as the corresponding strain-specific immunoglobulins. Furthermore, the
      production of such inhibitory anti-idiotypic sera was restricted to syngeneic
      combinations, which suggests a potential role of autoanti-idiotypic antibodies in
      the regulation of the immune response. The anti-idiotypic antisera used here are
      apparently directed against gene products not associated with the strain 2 or
      strain 13 major histocompatibility complex.

PMID- 1084406
TI  - Genetic regulation of the antibody response to H-2Db alloantigens in mice. II.
      Tolerance to non-H-2 determinants abolishes the antibody response to H-2Db in
      B10.A(5R) mice.
AB  - B10.A(5R) mice (H-2i5), immunized with spleen cells from congenic B10 mice (H
      2b), responded to alloantigens of the H-2Db region by producing antibodies of
      only IgM type. In contrast, they produced both IgM and IgG antibodies when
      immunized with noncongenic H-2b cells that carry other foreign cell surface
      antigens (non-H-2) in addition to H-2Db. A hypothesis was proposed comparing the
      H-2Db antigen on a congenic cell to a hapten on a nonimmunogenic carrier which
      fails to induce T-cell helper function responsible for the switch from IgM to IgG
      secretion in B cells. Data presented here confirmed this hypothesis. 5R mice
      rendered tolerant to the relevant non-H-2 antigens were unable to mount the anti
      H-2Db IgG response in a noncongenic immunization. Tolerance induction did not
      lead to abrogation of the T-cell mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1084405
TI  - Requirement for non-T cells in the generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in
      vitro. I. Use of nude mice as source of non-T cells.
AB  - The ability of small numbers of LN cells to produce cytotoxic lymphocytes on in
      vitro culture with allogeneic stimulator cells is greatly augmented by the
      addition of spleen cells from athymic nude mice. The possibility that the
      synergism is a result of improved culture conditions or a "feeder effect" is
      excluded. All cytotoxic cells found in these cultures are shown to be T cells and
      to arise from precursors contained in the LN-cell component. The nude spleen cell
      component appears to be providing a required non-T cell which has been lost from
      the LN component through dilution. Synergism between the two components can occur
      whether they are syngeneic or allogeneic provided that both can recognize the
      same alloantigens in the stimulator population.

PMID- 1084407
TI  - Genetic control of specific immune suppression. IV. Responsiveness to the random
      copolymer L-glutamic acid50-L-tyrosine50 induced in BALB/c mice by
      cyclophosphamide.
AB  - Previous reports from our laboratory have demonstrated the stimulation of
      specific suppressor T cells in genetic nonresponder mice after immunization with
      the terpolymer of L- glutamic acid, L-alanine, and L-tyrosine (GAT) (1,2) and
      with the copolymer of L-glutamic acid and L-tyrosine (GT) (3-5). These findings
      raise two important questions: (a) do the specific suppressor T cells inhibit an
      antibody response which would otherwise develop in nonresponder mice; and, (b)
      can specific helper T cells inhibit an antibody response which would otherwise
      develop in nonresponder mice; and, (b) can specific helper T-cell activity be
      detected in these animals. Responsiveness appears to be completely dominant over
      suppression in (responder x suppressor)F(1) hybrids, therefore, we have been
      unable to detect suppressor cells in these hybrids after conventional
      immunization with GAT (2). However , using special conditions of antigen
      administration, GAT helper activity could be demonstrated in nonresponder DBA/1
      ("suppressor") mice. Thus, GAT-specific helper activity was not detected in these
      nonresponder animals after immunization with GAT irrespective of the adjuvant
      used, but could be stimulated by macrophage-bound GAT or by GAT complexed with
      methylated bovine serum albumin GAT-MBSA (6). In the current report we have taken
      advantage of the fact that suppressor T-cell activity is more sensitive to
      cyclophosphamide treatment than T-cell helper activity (7) to demonstrate the
      presence of GT-specific helper activity in "nonresponder" BALB/c mice. We
      describe: (a) the dose of cyclophosphamide and conditions of treatment which
      inhibits the well-documented stimulation of specific suppressor T cells in BALB/c
      mice injected with GT previous to immunization with GT-MBSA, and (b) the ability
      of cyclophosphamide to permit the development of primary PFC responses to GT in
      these "nonresponder" mice. These cyclophosphamide-induced responses are not
      characterized by the high levels of antibody detected in genetic responder
      animals.

PMID- 1084408
TI  - Association between Ia antigens and the Fc receptors of certain T lymphocytes.
AB  - The Fc receptors of thymic and splenic T lymphocytes were detected using indirect
      immunofluorescence and soluble antigen-antibody complexes. 10-20% of thymocytes
      and 40-50% of Thy-1-positive splenic lymphocytes bound antigen-complexed Ig. The
      binding to thymocytes was partially inhibited (45-74%) by antibodies against
      antigens determined by the I region of the H-2 complex, but not by antibodies
      against K- or D-region antigens or Thy-1 antigen. The inhibition did not require
      the Fc portion of the inhibiting antibody. These results provide evidence that Ia
      antigens and the Fc receptors of some T lymphocytes are associated, and that the
      populations of T cells which bear these moieties at least partially overlap.

PMID- 1084409
TI  - Differential susceptibility of neonatal and adult murine spleen cells to in vitro
      induction of B-cell tolerance.
AB  - The relative susceptibility of neonatal and adult murine splenocytes to induction
      of B-cell tolerance was studied in vitro. Adult cells required approximately
      1,000-fold more trinitrophenyl-human gamma globulin to be rendered tolerant than
      did cells from 9- to 12-day-old neonates. The potential effects of suppressor T
      cells were excluded by pretreating the cultured B cells with anti-Thy-1 and C'
      and the helper T cells with anti-Ly-2.2 and C'. The possible role of cell surface
      immunoglobulin isotypes in contributing to this observed difference is discussed.

PMID- 1084410
TI  - Antifluorescein affinity columns. Isolation and immunocompetence of lymphocytes
      that bind fluoresceinated antigens in vivo or in vitro.
AB  - A new method for the isolation of specific immunocompetent lymphocytes has been
      described in which lymphocyte populations are exposed to fluoresceinated antigens
      (FLAGs) in vivo or in vitro, and the FLAG-binding cells retained on
      antifluorescein affinity columns. Specific cells are then eluted with an
      unrelated FL-labeled protein and shown to be fully immunocompetent. This
      methodology has been applied successfully in diverse antigenic systems including
      polymerized flagellin and TNP-specific B cells and alloantigen-reactive cytotoxic
      T lymphocytes. The method is rapid, inexpensive (requiring only antifluorescein
      beads), and can be applied to any antigens (or antibodies) in which a fluorescein
      group can be introduced.

PMID- 1084412
TI  - [Cytogenetic and statistical study of a group of patients treated with
      butazolidine (phenylbutazone)].
AB  - The authors studied a group of 16 patients suffering from rheumatic diseases, who
      were being treated with Butazolidine (Phenylbutazone). The control cases were
      divided into two groups: one consisted of six patients who were suffering from
      the same chronic rheumatic diseases, but who were being treated with other drugs;
      the other group consisted of 15 normal persons whose age and sex corresponded,
      more or less, with those of the group of patients treated with Butazolidine. A
      chromosomal examination of the lymphocytes of the peripheral blood was carried
      out on the 16 patients and the 21 persons not being treated with Butazolidine. A
      comparison of the karyotypes of all the individuals studied showed no significant
      difference in the number of breakages between the three groups. Statistical
      analysis confirmed that the differences in the percentages of chromosomal damage
      were not significant.

PMID- 1084411
TI  - Ontogeny of B cells in the chicken. I. Sequential development of clonal diversity
      in the bursa.
AB  - The initial development and distribution of lymphocytes expressing surface IgM
      (sIgM) and of specific antigen-binding cells (ABC) were studied in the chicken in
      an attempt to gain information on the process by which B-cell diversity is
      generated. The antigens used were sheep erythrocytes (SE), keyhole limpet
      hemocyanin (KLH), and poly-L(Tyr, Glu)poly-D,L-Ala-poly-L-Lys (TGAL). The results
      indicate that generation of the total sIgM-positive population begins in the
      bursa and that specific clones of ABC develop in a fixed sequential pattern which
      is not influenced by either deprivation of or deliberate exposure to exogenous
      antigens. Cells bearing sIgM by immunofluorescence (IgM-positive cells) were
      detected first in the bursa on the 12th day of incubation, KLH-ABC and TGAL-ABC
      by the 16th day, and SE-ABC on the 18th day. The doubling time of the sIgM
      positive population of bursal cells was determined to be approximately 10 h
      before significant antigen-independent seeding to the spleen began a few days
      before hatching. Clonal expansion of SE-ABC in the bursa also appeared to be
      antigen independent as was the initial development of SE-ABC in the blood and
      spleen which ceased abruptly after bursectomy at hatching. Specific ABC were
      observed to develop in multiple bursal follicles as small foci of ABC among the
      much larger total population of sIgM-positive cells within an individual
      follicle. Intravenously infused SE-ABC homed to the embryonic spleen but not to
      the bursa. The results are interpreted as favoring a hypothetical model in which
      individual stem cells give rise to multiple clones of B cells by a predetermined
      pattern of sequential expression of variable region genes.

PMID- 1084414
TI  - Letter: Needle immobilization during ventriculography.

PMID- 1084413
TI  - Computerized tomography (the EMI Scanner): a comparison with
      pneumoencephalography and ventriculography.
AB  - Computerized tomography, using the EMI Scanner, allows the diagnosis of cerebral
      atrophy or hydrocephalus to be made with the same degree of accuracy as
      conventional neuroradiological methods. Ventricular measurements made on EMI
      scans have been compared with those from pneumoencephalograms and
      ventriculograms. A range of normal ventricular measurements for the EMI scan is
      suggested.

PMID- 1084416
TI  - Von Willebrand's disease: current concepts and report of case.

PMID- 1084415
TI  - Systemic candidiasis and endophthalmitis in neurosurgical patients. Report of
      three cases.
AB  - Three cases of systemic candidiasis in neurosurgical patients are presented. Two
      of the three patients also had endophthalmitis. All of the cases were treated
      with broad-spectrum antibiotics and glucocorticoids prior to the appearance of
      candidiasis. The authors stress the high susceptibility of neurosurgical patients
      to opportunistic infections of this type.

PMID- 1084417
TI  - Tubuloreticular structures and antinuclear antibodies in autoimmune and non
      autoimmune diseases.
AB  - Tissues obtained at random from patients suffering from autoimmune and non
      autoimmune diseases were studied for the presence of tubuloreticular structures
      (TRS). It could be demonstrated that the occurrence of TRS in renal tissue is not
      a specific characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus whereas the presence of
      such structures in skin tissue might be suggestive for this disease. The serum of
      some of the patients could be studied for the presence of antinuclear antibodies
      (ANA). A statistically significant correlation was found between TRS and ANA in
      the group of patients with autoimmune diseases. The possibility is discussed that
      this correlation might favour the theory that viruses may be involved in the
      aetiology of autoimmune diseases, particularly of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1084419
TI  - Gingival hemorrhage related to aspirin ingestion. A case report.
AB  - A case report illustrating the clinical manifestations of platelet defects
      induced by ingestion of two aspirin tablets has been presented. The specific
      effects on platelets produced by aspirin ingestion have been summarized and the
      resultant hemostatic defect explained.

PMID- 1084418
TI  - Possible effect of maternal promethazine therapy on neonatal immunologic
      functions.
AB  - The effect of the administration of promethazine in the treatment of
      erythroblastosis fetalis was studied in four maternal-fetal pairs. The three
      infants exposed for a prolonged period of time had decreased neonatal number and
      function of T cells, and abnormal specific humoral immune responses. The possible
      role of promethazine in the induction of fetal immunoincompetence is discussed.

PMID- 1084420
TI  - Brain and peripheral metabolism of 5-hydroxytryptophan-14C following peripheral
      decarboxylase inhibition.
AB  - Following selective peripheral decarboxylase inhibition, a greater fraction of
      peripherally measured monoamine metabolites should derive from central nervous
      system monoamine metabolism. In rats pretreated with the peripheral decarboxylase
      inhibitor L-alpha-(3,4-dihydroxybenzyl)-alpha-hydrazinopropionic acid (MK-486)
      (50 mg/kg i.p. or i.v.), the peripheral formation of 5-hydroxytryptamine-14C (5
      HT-14C) from the precursor DL-5-hydroxytryptophan-14C (5-HTP-14C) was reduced by
      82 to 100% over a 4-hour interval. There was a marked increase in the penetration
      of 5-HTP-14C into brain and in the appearance in brain of 5-HT-14C and 5
      hydroxyindoleacetic acid-14C (5-HIAA-14C). The cerebral metabolism of 5-HTP-14C
      in vehicle-pretreated animals appeared to occur mainly in the brain vascular
      compartment. Following MK-486 pretreatment, the in vivo metabolism of 14C-5
      hydroxyindoles in the extracerebral compartment obeys linear kinetics as does the
      uptake and decarboxylation of 5-HTP-14C in brains. The cerebral turnover of 5-HT
      14C appeared to increase as a function of the dose of 5-HTP injected. This
      phenomenon may be a result of either saturation of brain 5-HT storage sites or
      nonspecific metabolism of 5-HTP in brain catecholamine neurons. A highly
      signigificant correlation was found between the brain and blood 5-HIAA-14C levels
      following MK-486. The adrenal formation of 5-HT, which was not inhibited by MK
      486, did not appear to contribute significantly to the blood 5-HIAA-14c levels.
      These results suggest the possibility that following peripheral decarboxylase
      inhibition a larger fraction of peripherally measured 5-HIAA may derive from
      central nervous system 5-HT metabolism.

PMID- 1084421
TI  - Temperature-induced interconversion of alpha-and beta-adrenoceptors in the frog
      heart.
AB  - 1. The effect of ambient temperature on the properties of adrenoceptors mediating
      inotropic responses was assessed in isolated frog hearts on the basis of the
      effects and tissue uptake of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor antagonists. 2. At
      temperatures of 23degree C and above inotropic responses to adrenaline were
      antagonized by propranolol (0-4-4-0muM), but were unaffected by phentolamine (26
      5muM) and were potentiated by phenoxybenzamine (POB) (0-7-29-5muM). Below
      17degree C the activity of propranolol was reduced at least tenfold, and the
      alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists inhibited responses to both adrenaline and
      isoprenaline, but not those to CaCL2. 3. The responses of hearts exposed to POB
      at 14degree C and then tested, after thorough washing, at both 14 and 24degree C
      were similarly inhibited at both temperatures, i.e. the usual beta-adrenoceptor
      response did not appear at the higher temperature. Conversely, exposure to POB at
      24degree C produced only potentiation at both test temperatures. 4. Parallel to
      the reciprocal changes in their blocking actions, significantly more
      (14C)propranolol was retained by hearts exposed at high temperatures and
      significantly more (3H)POB was bound to the myocardium at low temperatures.
      Changes in binding and in the pharmaco logical effects of both blocking agents
      occurred entirely within a relatively narrow temperature range (17-22degree C)
      Parallel to the change from alpha- to beta-adrenoceptor characteristics with
      increasing temperature, the sensitivity of the hearts to adrenaline increased
      about tenfold. 5. Phentolamine (26-5muM) effectively protected hearts from block
      by (3H)POB at 14degree C, unmasked a potentiation of responses to adrenaline
      equivalent to that produced by POB at 24degree C, and reduced binding of the
      label to approximately the level found in unprotected hearts exposed at the
      higher temperature. At 24degree C, phentolamine did not alter the potentiation
      produced by (3H)POB, and reduced binding only slightly. There was no significant
      temperature differential in the amount of (3H)POB bound in the presence of
      phentolamine. 6. The results presented indicate a close functional and, probably,
      morphological association of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors in the frog heart. It
      is suggested that the two classes of adrenoceptors may represent allosterie
      conformations of the same structure.

PMID- 1084422
TI  - Oesophageal transection for portal hypertension in the poor risk patient.

PMID- 1084423
TI  - X-linked recessive type of pure spastic paraplegia in a large pedigree: absence
      of detectable linkage with Xg.
AB  - A family with 24 males affected by an X-linked type of spastic paraplegia is
      reported. Twelve affected members were personally examined showing the pure form
      of the disease. Half of the affected males had many descendants, all normal.
      Linkage studies strongly suggest that this X-linked form of spastic paraplegia
      and Xg loci are not at a measurable distance on the X chromosome.

PMID- 1084424
TI  - Tryptophan metabolism and the occurrence of amino acids and serotonin in the
      leech (Hirudo medicinalis) nervous system.
AB  - The occurrence and distribution of serotonin (5-HT) and amino acids along the
      central nerve chain of the leech, Hirudo medicinalis, was analyzed using dansyl
      chloride in order to obtain information on the functional roles of amines and
      amino acids. There was no statistical variation in the occurrence of most of the
      amino acids or serotonin in the different parts of the dorsal nerve chain of the
      leech. A variation in the serotonin content was found during the year with the
      highest level occurring in winter. Leech ganglia also accumulated 3H-tryptophan
      and metabolized part of it to form 5-HTP, 5-HT, and 5-HIAA. The results are
      discussed from the point of view of 5-HT being a transmitter substance.

PMID- 1084425
TI  - Changes in occupation after aortocoronary vein-bypass operation.
AB  - The effect of aortocoronary vein-bypass operation on changes in occupational
      status was investigated in a cohort of 893 men. The median period of time between
      the operation and follow-up evaluation of postoperative occupational status was
      14 months. The patients were divided into two age groups, with 55 years as the
      dividing point. The results showed that 11% of the younger men and 26% of the
      older group who were employed before the operation retired following the
      operation. In addition, 30% of the patients changed their occupational status
      following the operation. When occupational changes also resulted in changes in
      physical demands, 49% of the patients took new jobs that were less demanding
      physically, while 40% took jobs that were more demanding. Close to 9% of the
      patients were retired prior to the operation; about one fifth of them came out of
      retirement following the operation.

PMID- 1084426
TI  - Cerebral ventricular enlargement. Chronic alcoholics examined by computerized
      tomography.
AB  - Computerized tomography was used to measure cerebral ventricular size in
      hospitalized alcoholic patients, all of whom had evidence of liver disease.
      Twelve alcoholic patients with neurologic symptoms such as withdrawal seizures,
      neuropathy, and drug overdose were included. All these patients had normal
      results from the mental status examinations by the time of discharge. Alcoholic
      patients had a much higher mean ventricular size compared to 60 control patients.
      One third of the alcoholics had markedly enlarged ventricles as opposed to only
      one of the 60 controls.

PMID- 1084427
TI  - Editorial: Quality of life manque.

PMID- 1084428
TI  - Retrograde aortic dissection occurring during cardiopulmonary bypass. Successful
      repair and concominant subclavian-to-coronary artery vein bypass.
AB  - A retrograde aortic dissection that occurred during cardiopulmonary bypass was
      successfully repaired. The cause of dissection was related to the jet of
      retrograde perfusion. The use of subclavian-to-coronary artery vein bypass when
      the ascending aorta is not suitable for vein anastomosis because of dissection or
      aneurysms appears to be a satisfactory alternative to aorta-coronary bypass.

PMID- 1084429
TI  - [Successful bypass graft in a case of coronary arterial occlusive disease caused
      by Kawasaki disease].

PMID- 1084430
TI  - [Molecular defect in hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084431
TI  - Effect of anti-thymocyte serum on delayed hypersensitivity and helper-cell
      activity induced in the same mice.

PMID- 1084432
TI  - Effects of L-glutamine on acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastric lesions in normal
      and cirrhotic rats.
AB  - Cirrhosis of the liver in rats was induced by the administration of carbon
      tetrachloride (0.1 ml/100 g of body weight, s.c.) biweekly for 13 weeks. In the
      pylorus ligation preparation, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) 100 mg/kg p.o. induced
      much more serious gastric damage in CC14-induced cirrhotic rats as compared with
      rats with a normal liver. L-glutamine 750 mg/kg p.o. prevented the ASA-induced
      gastric lesions in both normal and cirrhotic rats, even though the degree of the
      inhibition was weaker in cirrhotic rats. Gastric analysis indicated that L
      glutamine 750 mg/kg p.o. markedly inhibited the gastric ionic changes (acid back
      diffusion) in response to ASA in both cirrhotic and normal rats.

PMID- 1084433
TI  - Analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-3-carbamoyd-5
      methoxypyrazole derivatives.

PMID- 1084435
TI  - The cellular target for lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1084434
TI  - Quantitative aspect of acid secretion response of isolated bullfrog gastric
      mucosa preparation: effect of secretagogues and inhibitors.

PMID- 1084436
TI  - Peripheral blood T-lymphocytes during the course of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1084437
TI  - Rosette forming cells, surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells and immunoglobulin
      containing cells in the thymus of autoimmune diseases.

PMID- 1084438
TI  - Studies on lymphocyte subpopulations and their responses to mitogenic
      stimulations of myasthenic patients.

PMID- 1084439
TI  - Application of T and B cell markers in the analysis of immunodeficiency status.

PMID- 1084440
TI  - HLA antigens of intrathymic and peripheral lymphocytes in autoimmune disease.

PMID- 1084441
TI  - [Surgeon's procedure in megaduodenum with a giant, degenerating lipoma and
      profuse hemorrhaging].

PMID- 1084442
TI  - [Emergency fiberoptic gastroscopy in hemorrhages from the upper portions of the
      gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1084443
TI  - The failure of intra-arterial pitressin infusion to control upper gastro
      intestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients.

PMID- 1084444
TI  - Estimation of cell surface associated protease activity and its application to
      lymphocytes.
AB  - A new method has been developed to estimate proteolytic activity available at the
      cell surface. Radioiodinated protein substrates are covalently linked to modified
      polystyrene-divinylbenzene beads with various diameters. These beads are
      presented to viable cells. Secreted enzyme activity is estimated when no contact
      occurs between beads and cells. Surface associated proteolytic activity is
      estimated by the increased rate of iodinated peptide release due to a contact
      between beads and cells. This method was applied to various lymphocyte
      preparations. In the absence of serum, mouse spleen lymphocytes produce three- to
      fourfold higher proteolytic activity than lymph node cells. This activity is
      completely inhibited by serum diluted 1:10. Since the proteolysis is so marked in
      the case of spleen cells, one must conclude that lymphocytes removed from the
      serum and treated in buffered mediums at 37 degrees C have enzymatically altered
      surface properties. Cell surface associated enzyme activity was measured using
      rat lymph node lymphocytes with less than 0.1% contamination by granulocytes.
      This predominantly thymus derived, T cell population had 30% increase in
      proteolysis due to contact between cells and solid-phase localized substrate of
      casein. The released enzymatic activity was inhibited by
      diisopropylfluorophosphate, but its effect on the surface associated enzyme
      activity remains questionable since it perturbs several membrane functions.

PMID- 1084445
TI  - Light-induced tetracycline accumulation by Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
AB  - Light has been used as a primary energy source in studies of tetracycline
      transport by Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. Accumulation of the antibiotic occurs
      in light, while efflux occurs in dark. Both fluorescence enhancement and
      radioisotopic tracing have been used to monitor transport. Km's obtained from
      both techniques are similar. Light-induced accumulation of tetracyclines is
      inhibited by a variety of inhibitors, including antimycin A, N-ethylmaleimide,
      carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, and 2,4-dinitrophenol. A rapid efflux is
      observed after loading when cells are placed in the dark or treated with
      inhibitors.

PMID- 1084446
TI  - Support of the myocardium with intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation following
      cardiopulmonary bypass.
AB  - Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) was instituted in 27 patients in
      cardiogenic shock who had undergone cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Patients who
      required IABC either prior to CPB or else to be weaned from CPB had a survival
      rate of 22 per cent (2/9). In contrast, the survival rate for those patients
      requiring IABC after CPB had been discontinued was 72 per cent (13/18). The
      composition of these two groups was different. The first group contained
      primarily patients with either severe coronary artery disease or aortic valve
      stenosis, whereas the latter group contained patients with either less severe
      coronary artery disease or mitral valve disease. Most patients had an initial
      satisfactory response to IABC. The over-all survival rate was 55 per cent
      (15/27). IABC was particularly beneficial for those patients in cardiogenic shock
      following CPB who had not had massive and irreveraible myocardial injury.

PMID- 1084447
TI  - Aneurysm of the sinus of Valsalva producing obstruction of the left main coronary
      artery.
AB  - An aneurysm of the left sinus of Valsalva compressed the left main coronary
      artery and the patient experienced anginal pain. Surgical correction consisted of
      obliteration of the orifice of the aneurysm, aortic valve replacement, and a
      saphenous vein bypass from the ascending aorta to the distal left anterior
      descending coronary artery. Postoperative studies revealed excellent function of
      the prosthetic valve, no recurrence of the aneurysm and retrograde filling of the
      left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries. Three years after the
      operation, the patient is asymptomatic.

PMID- 1084448
TI  - Aspirin and prophylaxis of thromboembolic complications in patients with
      substitute heart valves.
AB  - Anticoagulation therapy with acenocoumarin or with anticoagulants plus aspirin
      was given to 65 and 57 patients, respectively, with cardiac valve replacement.
      The follow-up was 1,462 months (22.5 months per patient) for the first group and
      1,411 months (24.7 months per patient) for the second group. The frequency of
      embolic accidents was significantly lower in the group taking aspirin: Thirteen
      thromboembolic accidents were detected in patients receiving the anticoagulant
      and 3 in the group receiving the anticoagulant plus aspirin. These figures
      represent a 20.3 per cent incidence (one each 9.3 years of treatment) for the
      anticoagulant group and a 5.2 per cent incidence (one accident each 39.1 years of
      treatment) for the other group. The statistical significance between groups is p
      less than 0.005. There was no difference in the hemorrhagic risk between the two
      groups. We conclude that the use of an anticoagulant plus aspirin is a good and
      safe therapy for the prevention of thromboembolism in these patients.

PMID- 1084449
TI  - The effect of hemodilution on plasma levels of cortisol and free cortisol.
AB  - The effect of hemodilution on plasma levels of total cortisol and free cortisol
      was studied in 12 patients undergoing open-heart surgery. In each case, at the
      onset of extracorporeal circulation (ECC) the hematocrit value was rapidly
      reduced to 25 to 30 per cent and was maintained around this level during
      perfusion. Total plasma cortisol levels fell significantly with the hemodilution
      (p less than 0.0001), but the plasma concentration of free, biologically active
      cortisol was maintained at its pre-dilution level because of an increase in the
      percentage of plasma cortisol existing in the free form. There was a highly
      significant correlation between the degree of hemodilution and the percentage
      rise in the free cortisol fraction (r = 0.79; p less than 0.001). These results
      indicate the presence of a compensatory mechanism associated with cortisol
      binding which maintains the plasma level of free, biologically active cortisol
      when hemodilution has reduced the plasma level of total cortisol.

PMID- 1084450
TI  - Left ventricular function and coronary obstruction as predictors of survival
      following aorta-coronary bypass.
AB  - A retrospective analysis was undertaken of clinical data and catheterization
      studies of 151 consecutive unselected patients who underwent aorta-coronary
      bypass at the University of Kansas Medical Center between 1971 and 1973. The
      purpose was to determine the effect of preoperative left ventricular function and
      extent and severity of coronary artery obstruction on operative mortality rate
      and long-term survival. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 10 to 49
      months and averaged 26 months. Left ventricular function was assessed by
      qualitative analysis of left ventricular angiograms. Severity of coronary
      obstruction was quantified by scoring coronary arteriograms according to the
      system of Friesinger and associates. Patients with normal or near normal
      ventriculograms were considered to have good left ventricular function. Patients
      showing moderate or severe impairment of contraction were considered to have poor
      left ventricular function. Obstruction scores ranging from 2 to 7 points were
      classified as low scores, and scores from 8 to 15 points were classified as high
      scores. Four groups of patients were identified based upon preoperative left
      ventricular function and obstruction severity: Group I, 29 patients with good
      left ventricular function and low scores; Group II, 22 patients with poor left
      ventricular function and low scores. Group III, 28 patients with good left
      ventricular function and high scores. Elective aorta-coronary bypass in these
      three groups was accompanied by no operative or late deaths. Group IV comprised
      72 patients with poor left ventricular function and high scores. In this group
      there was a 10 per cent operative mortality rate (7 of 72 patients) and a 5 per
      cent year late mortality rate. Relief of angina occurred equally in all groups.
      Thus operative risk can be prospectively determined by analysis of left
      ventricular function and severity of coronary obstruction. Surgical treatment
      resulted in negligible operative and late mortality rates (0 per cent) in all
      patients except those in whom poor ventricular function was accompanied by severe
      and diffuse coronary artery obstruction. Operation should be offered to this
      latter group (Group IV) despite the higher operative and postoperative risk
      because of salutary postoperative results.

PMID- 1084451
TI  - On a model for ontogenic development.
AB  - A theory to explain both the endogenous control of differentiation and programmed
      organismal aging as the result of one fundamental regulatory mechanism is
      advanced. It is postulated that these phenomena are linked to cell division,
      which is presumed to be the primary unit of measurement for the organism's
      maturation and aging. The hypothesis developed here holds that a genetic locus
      (DSI), modulating both cell division and enzyme induction, is first activated and
      then inactivated with each cycle. The number of DSIs in the genome of each cell
      is finite, cellular sensescence occurring when the genome is depleted of
      functional DSIs. Protein inducers are linked to specific DSIs, which are only
      transcribed at appropriate times during ontogeny, this in turn being a function
      of the number of DSIs previously inactivated during earlier mitoses. Experimental
      approaches which could test this model are discussed.

PMID- 1084452
TI  - Age-related changes in ConA- and LPS-induced lymphocyte transformation. I. Effect
      of culture conditions on mitogen responses of blood and spleen lymphocytes from
      young and aged rats.
AB  - Age-related changes in LPS- and ConA-responsiveness of rat spleen lymphocytes as
      judged by 14C-TdR incorporation were studied. It was found that responses to both
      mitogens decreased with advancing age. This report shows that the reduced 14C-TdR
      incorporation could not be attributed to decreased cell survival or viability of
      spleen lymphocytes from old rats, to delayed proliferation of the old
      lymphocytes, or to differences in minimum mitogen doses required for optimal
      stimulation. The results suggest that the observed decrease is due to a decrease
      in the number of mitogen responsive cells. The response to LPS was even more
      depressed than was the response to ConA. The response to ConA in whole blood is
      also shown to decline with ageing at multiple mitogen doses.

PMID- 1084453
TI  - [Phosphorus deficiency in man?--A COMMENT 13 YEARS LATER].

PMID- 1084454
TI  - [Intrahepatic cholestasis following treatment with penicillamine D and
      indomethacine].

PMID- 1084455
TI  - [The antigen receptor of T-lymphocytes].

PMID- 1084456
TI  - [Nasopharyngeal culture results in children with acute otitis media].
AB  - Nasopharyngeal cultures in 463 children, suffering from otitis media were
      examined in 1968-1970. In 45% of cases H. influenzae, D. pneumoniae, S. aureus
      and beta hemolytic streptococci were found. These are thought to be the causative
      organisms for acute otitis media, however their dominance may vary. In our
      findings H. influenzae came first. 102 of 463 children, that is, 21.9% showed
      this organism. D. pneumoniae was second with 10.7%, which is generally considered
      as the primary cause of bacterial otitis media in children.

PMID- 1084457
TI  - Medical decision profiles derived from a symptom questionnaire.
AB  - The introduction of formalized systems for data acquisition provide a basis for
      the investigation of medical decision making. Patients admitted to a general
      medical ward completed a comprehensive, medical history. Decisions relating to
      their subsequent diagnosis, investigation and management were made after complete
      investigation and were recorded with their questionnaire responses. A computer
      programme was developed to compare questionnaire responses from patients who did,
      and patients who did not have each particular decision made, and to assign a
      value to each question depending on the significance of its association with the
      decision. The set of values, one for each question, was termed a decision profile
      and was characteristic of that decision.

PMID- 1084458
TI  - [The 82nd Convention of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur innere Medizin, 25-29
      April, 1976, in Wiesbaden].

PMID- 1084459
TI  - Coronary arteriography and coronary artery surgery.

PMID- 1084460
TI  - Detection of cytotoxic lymphoid spleen cells from STU-mice with Moloney sarcoma
      by a 3H-proline microcytotoxicity assay.
AB  - A microcytoxicity assay with 3H-proline prelabeled target cells was used for the
      detection of sensitized lymphoid spleen cells from STU inbred mice inoculated
      with Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV-M) or ascitic MSV-M tumor cells. The target cell
      line was derived from ascitic MSV-M tumor cells. With regard to the specificity
      of the assay nonimmune slpeen cells displayed no or only a weak cytotoxicity
      against these cells, and this was also the case when 3H-proline-labeled secondary
      cultures of syngeneic mouse embryo cells were exposed to both sensitized and
      nonimmune spleen cells. The time-course pattern of the development of cytotoxic
      lymphoid spleen cells in STU mice inoculated intramuscularly either with MSV-M or
      ascitic MSV-M tumor cells was studied. At the stages of tumor development, peak
      tumor size, and tumor regression the lymphoid spleen cell preparations were found
      to have relatively strong cytotoxic activity independent of whether the tumor was
      induced by MSV-M inoculation or tumor cell transplantation. However, in the
      latter case effector cells appeared earlier and were demonstrable for a longer
      period than in MSV-M-inoculated mice. Anti-theta serum treatment of lymphoid
      spleen cells taken at the stage of peak tumor size abrogated the cytotoxic
      activity or diminished it considerably indicating a T-lymphocyte response.

PMID- 1084461
TI  - The effect of a lymphotoxic factor from patients with multiple sclerosis on acute
      lymphosarcoma cell leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - Eight patients with acute lymphosarcoma cell leukemia or acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia received infusions of plasma containing a lymphotoxic factor. The
      lymphotoxic factor induced a transient fall in the number of "blast" cell forms
      in the peripheral blood in six of the eight patients but did not produce
      sustained remissions. Previous investigations have demonstrated that this
      lymphotoxic factor, found in the plasma of patients with active multiple
      sclerosis, is of low molecular weight and does not have the properties normally
      associated with an antibody. This factor appears to selectively interfere with
      ribonucleic acid synthesis in the thymus-derived lymphocyte. Lymphotoxic factor
      activity was demonstrated in the serum of one patient during a remission in
      leukemia induced by a viral illness.

PMID- 1084462
TI  - [Clinical, clinical-chemical and pathological findings in familial alpha1
      antitrypsin deficiency].

PMID- 1084464
TI  - Asbestos exposure of brake repair workers in the United States.

PMID- 1084463
TI  - [Determination of colony stimulating activity in a child with cyclic
      neutropenia].

PMID- 1084465
TI  - Portal surgery and liver function: a new look at an old problem.

PMID- 1084466
TI  - Small-cell dysplasia and in situ carcinoma of the breast: incidence and age
      distribution in patients biopsied over a 29-year period.

PMID- 1084467
TI  - Atypical small-cell dysplasia and in situ carcinoma of the breast: incidence of
      subsequent invasive carcinoma.

PMID- 1084468
TI  - Endocarditis and osteomyelitis caused by Aerococcus viridans.

PMID- 1084469
TI  - Reflections on the definition and biologic behavior of some dermatologic
      diseases.

PMID- 1084470
TI  - Electrocoagulation of rectal cancer: updated.

PMID- 1084471
TI  - Bronchial asthma with acute respiratory failure.

PMID- 1084472
TI  - Primary malignant neoplasms of the small bowel.

PMID- 1084473
TI  - Surgical problems with the postoperative stomach: a technique for meaningful
      endoscopic evaluation.

PMID- 1084474
TI  - Zinc protoporphyrin determination: a rapid screening test for the detection of
      lead poisoning.

PMID- 1084475
TI  - Defining death.

PMID- 1084476
TI  - Rubella-associated retinitis in an adult: report of a case.

PMID- 1084477
TI  - Spinal epidural hematoma: report of two cases.

PMID- 1084478
TI  - Primary care and medical education.

PMID- 1084479
TI  - Fatal secondary renal failure.

PMID- 1084480
TI  - Letter: T-cells and the hepatitis of infectious mononucleosis.

PMID- 1084481
TI  - Spontaneous electrical potentials and pituitary hormone (MSH) secretion.

PMID- 1084482
TI  - Stimulation of active Na transport by phospholipase C.

PMID- 1084483
TI  - Enumeration of specific cytotoxic T cells.

PMID- 1084484
TI  - Enhancement of delayed hypersensitivity by depletion of suppressor T cells with
      cyclophosphamide in mice.

PMID- 1084485
TI  - Functional inactivation of suppressor T cells by heat-killed macrophages.

PMID- 1084486
TI  - Complement consumption in fresh blood sera by double culture of Paramecium
      caudatum and Aerobacter cloacae compared with survival and stage of disease in
      some malignant tumors in man.
AB  - Using the complement consumption test by double culture of Paramecium caudatum
      and Aerobacter cloacae (DPA) as antigen we examined blood sera and compared
      survival rates and stage of disease in 124 patients with carcinoma of cervix
      uteri, corpus uteri, ovaries and breast. The evidence suggests that bacteria
      Aerobacter cloacae constitute the proper antigenically effective substances of
      DPA. The intensity of reaction and therapy the relative titres of antibodies
      detected by the test were expressed by the amount of complement consumed in the
      reaction and designated by the abbreviation "NMHD", i. e. number of minimum
      haemolytic doses of complement fixed by antigen in the reaction. Patients with
      NMHD above 8 (i. e. with an intensive reaction corresponding to a high level of
      antibodies) exhibited partly higher three-year survival rates -- starting from
      the time of diagnosis, partly more often the clinical stages of disease I or II
      as compared with patients with NMHD below 4. The best survival rates were found
      in patients with NMHD above 8 and clinical stage I or II. NMHD values in patients
      with the initial period of disease and in healthy women did not differ
      substantially.

PMID- 1084487
TI  - [Artery-nerve conflict. Involvement of the acoustic-facial group].
AB  - Six cases of "Conflit Artere-Nerf" concerning acoustico-facial nerves discovered
      by surgical exploration of cerebello-pontine angle. This conflit is due to an
      encircling middle cerebellar artery constricting the nerve or by a large Internal
      Auditory Artery lying upon it. Dissection of the surroundings arachnoidal tracts
      had given in these cases good results.

PMID- 1084488
TI  - Inhibition of firing of raphe neurones by tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan:
      blockade by inhibiting serotonin synthesis with Ro-4-4602.

PMID- 1084489
TI  - Dose-response relationships between systemically administered L-tryptophan or L-5
      hydroxytryptophan and raphe unit activity in the rat.

PMID- 1084490
TI  - Scintigraphy in lymphomas and leukemia of the brain.
AB  - Scintigraphy with 99mTc-pertechnetate made it possible to detect focal brain
      lesions in 4 patients with primary malignant lymphomas of the brain, one patient
      with CNS involvement with lymphatic immunoblastoma, one patient with Sezary
      syndrome (mycosis fungoides and T cell leukemia) and one child with a space
      occupying infiltration of myeloblastic leukemia. The scintigraphic results were
      verified by morphological data from biopsy or autopsy.

PMID- 1084491
TI  - Computerized tomography: abnormal intracerebral collections of blood in children.
AB  - Three children with unusual abnormal intracerebral collections of blood were
      examined by computerized tomography. These cases demonstrate the complementary
      relationship of this technique with other neuroradiological diagnostic methods.
      An intracerebral aneurysm and an arteriovenous malformation of the vein of Galen
      are demonstrated on computerized tomograms.

PMID- 1084492
TI  - Computerized axial transverse tomography in normal pressure hydrocephalus.
AB  - Twenty patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus were examined by computerized
      axial transverse tomographic (CT) scanning and the results were compared with
      pneumoencephalographic findings and clinical responses to ventricular shunting.
      The CT scan revealed significant cortical atrophy, not demonstrated by
      pneumoencephalogram in seven patients. The cortical atrophy was confirmed by
      autopsy in one case. This examination also revealed greatly enlarged ventricles
      (25 to 40 per cent of intracranial volume) in eight patients up to 4 years after
      ventricular shunting. There was no relationship between the presence or absence
      of cortical atrophy, or the postoperative ventricular size, and the clinical
      responses to ventricular shunting. Current concepts of normal pressure
      hydrocephalus must be revised in view of these findings.

PMID- 1084493
TI  - Correlation between computerized transaxial tomography and radionuclide
      cisternography in dementia.
AB  - A study of the findings on cisternograms and computerized transaxial tomography
      (CTT) of 144 patients showed good correlation between the two tests. Patients
      with a cisternographic pattern of communicating hydrocephalus tended to show more
      severe degrees of lateral ventricular dilation, with involvement of the third and
      fourth ventricles and relative sparing of the cerebral sulci. Patients with a
      cisternographic pattern of cerebral atrophy showed lesser degrees of lateral
      ventricular dilatation and more severe degrees of dilatation of the cerebral
      sulci. The statistical significance of the individual CTT findings in these
      patients is presented, and a cheme for interpretation is proposed. The study
      shows that CTT can replace pneumoencephalography in evaluating patients with
      dementia, while cisternography contributes complementary information.

PMID- 1084494
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid T and B lymphocyte kinetics related to exacerbations of
      multiple sclerosis.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid T and B lymphocyte populations were identified in 21 patients
      with relapsing and 10 patients with stable multiple sclerosis. The results
      indicate that the percentage of T cell is largest in the acute stage of a relapse
      (65 percent) and diminishes by the second week (41 percent). Conversely, the
      stable patients had a lower percentage of T cells (30 percent) and a relatively
      high percentage of nonreacting cells (66 percent). The proportion of T cells in
      the cerebrospinal fluid varies directly with the clinical activity of the
      disorder, further implicating cellular immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of
      multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 1084495
TI  - Significance of Purkinje cell density in seizure suppresion by chronic cerebellar
      stimulation.
AB  - Cerebellar biopsy specimens were obtained at the time of cerebellar electrode
      installation in three epileptic patients. Cerebellar autopsy specimens also were
      examined from four epileptic patients and from five patients without epilepsy or
      neurologic disease. All specimens from seizure patients showed isomorphic gliosis
      of the cerebellar cortices. Significantly lower Purkinje cell densities were
      found in epileptic patients as compared with nonepileptic control patients. Our
      two epileptic patients showing marked Purkinje cell loss before cerebellar
      stimualtaion appeared to have better seizure control during stimulation than the
      patient who had only mild reduction in Purkinje cell density. These data suggest
      that augmentation of Purkinje cell inhibitory discharges in not the dominant
      mechanism for seizure suppression during cerebellar stimulation. Comparison of
      cerebellar specimens obtained during electrode installation with those obtained
      later during electrode revisions may have been prognostic significance.

PMID- 1084496
TI  - Myoclonus after 5-hydroxytryptophan in rats with lesions of indoleamine neurons
      in the central nervous system.
AB  - A myoclonic syndrome consisting of tremor, myoclonus, and seizures was produced
      following the systemic administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan to adult rats
      previously given intracisternal injections of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine and
      systemic desmethylimipramine, but not in their controls. This behavioral response
      was blocked by pretreatment with the putative serotonin receptor blocking agents
      methysergide, lysergic acid diethylamide, and bromolysergic and diethylamide, as
      well as centrally effective doses of the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase
      inhibitor Ro4-4602. Blockers of receptors of other neurotransmitters had little
      effect. This neurologic response in the adult rat may be relevant to some forms
      of clinical myoclonus and may be useful in testing potential agonists and
      antagonists of serotonin receptors in the mammalian central nervous system.

PMID- 1084497
TI  - Immunologic characterization of cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes: preliminary
      report.
AB  - Cellular immunocompetence of cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytes was investigated in
      several neurologic diseases. Microtechniques were developed to enable
      determination of E-rosetting capacity and phytohemagglutinin responsiveness of
      scant numbers of cells present in the cerebrospinal fluid specimens studied.
      Although most individuals had phytohemagglutinin-responsive cells in their CSF,
      reactivity was somewhat less than that found simultaneously in their blood. Three
      of eight patients had comparable percentages of E rosettes in their blood and
      CSF. Int the remainder, the values differed significantly. Although preliminary,
      these result illustrate a new approach to immunologic characterization of CSF
      lymphocytes in diseases.

PMID- 1084498
TI  - [Progress of clinical pharmacology in essential headaches].
AB  - By testing venomotor receptors (venous-constriction test), it was possible to
      show a potentiation of the venous constriction effect of serotonin by
      methysergide and ergotamine. This 5-HT potentiation was observed only when these
      drugs were sampled in concentrations similar to those in therapeutic use. When
      ergotamine and methysergide are sampled in concentrations higher than those used
      in clinical practice, the expected 5-HT antagonist effect is clearly evident. We
      could therefore conclude that methysergide and ergotamine can be considered pro
      serotonin and not anti-serotonin drugs. The pro-serotonin effect of methysergide
      and ergotamine might take place peripherally on vasomotor or sensitive receptors
      and/or at a CNS level, making up for the lack of serotonin which, according to
      the central theory of essential headache, provokes the painful cephalic syndrome.

PMID- 1084499
TI  - [Case of reduced platelet adhesion with a slight P.T.A. plasma deficit].
AB  - A case of vascular deficit associated with P.T.A. plasma deficit of hereditary
      familiar character has been studied hand described.

PMID- 1084500
TI  - [Importance of chemical mediators for the pathogenesis and treatment of
      hemicrania].
AB  - The vascular mechanism of migraine attacks--intracranial vasoconstriction during
      the prodromal stage and passive vasodilatation of extracranial arteries during
      the painful phase--has been confirmed by modern methods. In addition, number of
      humoral factors--plasmakinin, serotonin, histamine--intervene in the chain of
      events that culminates in migraine headache. In addition to these three humoral
      mediators, the part played by tyramine in migraine of alimentary origin, the
      precipitating effect of oestrogen decrease in menstrual migraine and the
      hypothetical role of prostaglandins and prolactin are discussed. The
      multifactorial mechanism of migraine accounts for the very variable profiles of
      effective anti-migraine drugs.

PMID- 1084501
TI  - [Transcutaneous nervous stimulation in the treatment of hemicrania and other
      forms of headache].
AB  - Transcutaneous administration of a slightly painful electrical stimulus was
      employed in the management of migraine and other forms of headache in 35 patients
      with various pictures of pain. Stimulation during crisis led to its total
      disappearance in 6 subjects with migraine. A relatively high percentage of
      successes was noted in the remaining patients, with persistence up to 8 months.
      The theory of "gate control" is cited to explain this effect. Stress is laid on
      the particular suitability of the method in the management of chronic headache,
      since it is not associated with either dependence or toxic medicamentous effects.

PMID- 1084502
TI  - Problem-oriented peer review. Part one.

PMID- 1084503
TI  - Localization of E and EAC binding lymphocytes in human tonsils.
AB  - The localization of T and B lymphocytes in frozen sections of human tonsils was
      determined using E and EAC binding techniques. It was revealed that there were
      thymus-dependent areas with E binding lymphocytes in peri- and interfollicular
      zones. EAC binding lymphocytes were found mainly in the follicles. This suggests
      that B cells are produced in germinal centres. The present experiment confirmed
      that human tonsils contain two different kinds of lymphocytes demonstrating
      selective localizations in the tissues as similar to the lymph nodes.

PMID- 1084504
TI  - [Mallory-Weiss syndrome].

PMID- 1084505
TI  - [Observations on umbilical cord blood alpha-1-antitrysin level (preliminary
      report)].

PMID- 1084506
TI  - Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in children.

PMID- 1084507
TI  - Tuberculosis in children and BCG vaccination in North Sumatra.

PMID- 1084508
TI  - [Blood and cerebrospinal fluid B and T lymphocytes in mumps-meningitis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 20 children, 12 boys and 8 girls, with mumps-meningitis have been investigated
      during the acute stage of illness. Immunoglobulin-concentration, B and T cell
      ratios were determined in venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid. In the blood no
      correlation between the percentage of B cells and immunoglobulin-levels, or the
      course of illness could be observed. Total protein level as well as cell count,
      the concentration of glucose and chloride were determined in the cerebrospinal
      fluid at the same time. No correlation between the percentage of B cells and
      immunoglobulin-levels could be observed in cerebrospinal fluid. No difference in
      the number of B and T cells was observed between blood and cerebrospinal fluid.
      These results demonstrate, that the lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid in
      meningitis possess the same surface markers and show about the same B to T cell
      ratio as it is found on the lymphocytes of blood.

PMID- 1084509
TI  - Intraarterial chemotherapy adjuvant to cryosurgery of oral cancer.

PMID- 1084510
TI  - Thymic and blood lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis. An immunological study.

PMID- 1084511
TI  - Protective effect of Zolimidine on aspirin-induced gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1084512
TI  - Effects of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) on infection of adult mice with the
      Thogoto-like Ar-126 arbovirus.
AB  - Inoculation of mice with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) alters the course of
      infection with the Thogoto-like arbovirus Tho-Ar-126. The Tho-Ar-126 content of
      liver, spleen, and lymph nodes was approximately 10 times greater in mice treated
      with NDV 24 h before infection; the mortality was somewhat increased, but liver
      damage (as indicated by serum transaminase levels) did not seem to be
      potentiated. Lymphocytopenia was observed in NDV-inoculated mice, and in the
      spleen and lymph nodes the proportion of lymphocytes susceptible to lysis by anti
      theta (a marker for thymus-derived lymphocytes) was markedly decreased in these
      animals. This suggests that NDV potentiates infection by Tho-Ar-126 through its
      action on thymus-derived lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084513
TI  - [Electrostimulation of labor activity with a pulsed current at an audio
      frequency].

PMID- 1084514
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in two Vietnamese refugee infants.

PMID- 1084515
TI  - Letter: Treatment of nocardia.

PMID- 1084516
TI  - [Resection anastomosis of the supra-cardiac esophagus for rupture of esophageal
      varices. Evaluation of a new technic].

PMID- 1084517
TI  - [Lymphadenopathies and protein anomalies following phenylhydantoine therapy].

PMID- 1084518
TI  - [Letter: Leukemoid reaction during acute alcoholic hepatitis].

PMID- 1084519
TI  - [Letter: Preoperative endoscopy of the small intestine in case of unexplained
      digestive hemorrhages].

PMID- 1084520
TI  - [The HLA complex. IV. Associations between HLA and diseases].

PMID- 1084521
TI  - [Letter: Multiple and familial cancers].

PMID- 1084522
TI  - Telling it like it is through problem orientation.

PMID- 1084523
TI  - Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation to relieve pain.
AB  - As a therapeutic technique, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation is in its
      infancy, but the instrumentation is rapidly becoming more sophisticated. Mindful
      of precautions and of the practical limitations of the technique, the practicing
      physician may find it worthy of serious consideration, particularly in relieving
      pain on a short-term basis.

PMID- 1084524
TI  - Perinatal infection: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
AB  - The majority of clinically recognizable acute infections in the neonate are
      bacterial. Such infections may be acquired from the mother prior to or at birth
      or from environmental sources. Because of the limited ability of neonates-
      especially those born prematurely--to express symptoms, even minor deviations
      from normal behavior should suggest bacterial disease. Chronic congenital and
      perinatal infections, unlike acute bacterial disease, are generally asymptomatic
      in mother and neonate and may remain latent or subclinically active in host
      tissue for prolonged periods, possibly causing insidious injury to the central
      nervous and perceptual systems. When overt, these infections almost invariably
      cause mental or perceptual handicaps or both. In view of the significant
      mortality and morbidity associated with either acute or chronic infections,
      diagnosis and treatment should be aggressive.

PMID- 1084525
TI  - Plasma natriuretic activity in oedematous states.
AB  - Accumulating evidence suggests that extracellular volume (ECV) may be governed in
      part by a natriuretic hormone. To study its possible role in oedema formation
      plasma fractions IV from patients with the nephrotic syndrome, with cirrhosis of
      the liver, and with idiopathic oedema were studied for their effects on frog skin
      Na-transport and on rat renal Na-excretion. Plasma fractions IV from ECV-expanded
      healthy subjects and patients with aldosteronoma significantly inhibited PD and
      SCC and in the rat increased urinary flow, CH29, and UNaV. Neither antinatriferic
      nor natriuretic activities were observed in patients with the nephrotic syndrome
      or liver cirrhosis. In patients with idiopathic oedema recurrent episodes of
      fluid retention up to 9 percent of b.wt. followed by spontaneous natriuresis were
      well correlated with antinatriferic plasma activity. The results suggest that ECV
      in healthy subjects may be governed in part by a natriuretic hormone which is
      absent in ECV-expansion due to oedema. However, this mechanism may operate
      appropriately, though at an elevated threshold, in patients with idiopathic
      oedema.

PMID- 1084526
TI  - Occult blood loss and iron balance in chronic renal failure.
AB  - In 38 patients with chronic renal failure total daily blood loss and intestinal
      iron absorption were determined by means of a whole-body counter and radioiron.
      Bone marrow iron content was measured histochemically. Mean daily blood loss
      (corrected for laboratory blood sampling) and iron absorption were significantly
      higher than in normal controls. Bone marrow iron content was reduced in 46% of
      the patients. The results prove that gastrointestinal blood loss in patients with
      chronic renal failure is of such magnitude that negative iron balance results.

PMID- 1084527
TI  - Ontogeny of murine B lymphocytes: sequence of B-cell differentiation from surface
      immunoglobulin-negative precursors to plasma cells.
AB  - Among bone-marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes exist subpopulations of cells that can
      be induced to express the markers: surface immunoglobulin (Ig), the antigen
      associated with the immune response gene (Ia), and the receptor for the third
      complement component (CR). Inducible cells for the first two markers are found in
      bone marrow, and inducible cells for all three are in spleen. Experiments were
      designed to determine whether induction involves a single precursor cell
      population that on triggering with lipopolysaccharide expresses all three surface
      markers, or three separate precursor cell populations each of which expresses a
      single marker. Specific B cell subpopulations were eliminated by treatment with
      anti-Ig or anti-Ia and complement, or by rosette formation with erythrocytes
      antibody-complement followed by differential centrifugation, and surviving cells
      were subsequently tested for inducibility of the three B cell markers. After anti
      Ig cytolysis only Ig, but not Ia and CR, could be induced, implying that the Ia-
      and the CR-inducible cells are Ig+. Similarly, after anti-Ia cytolysis Ig and Ia
      but not CR could be induced. Thus, CR-inducible cells must have the Ig+Ia+
      phenotype. Elimination of CR+ cells did not affect the induction of Ig, Ia, or CR
      from their precursors. None of the three elimination experiments affected the
      conversion of prothymocytes (Thy-1-) to thymocytes (Thy-1+). From these results
      we propose the hypothesis that the differentiation of B lymphocytes proceeds
      through at least four distinct stages characterized by the following phenotypes:
      Ig-Ia-CR- leads to Ig+Ia-CR- leads to Ig+Ia+CR- leads to Ig+Ia+CR+.

PMID- 1084528
TI  - Immunological processes involving the oral mucosa in lichen planus.

PMID- 1084529
TI  - Adjuvant arthritis in T lymphocyte depleted rats.
AB  - Markedly T lymphocyte depleted rats were prepared by thymectomy, irradiation, and
      repopulation by bone marrow hematopoietic and lymphoid cells. Such rats had
      persistent T lymphopenia of about 20% of normal. When T depleted and normal rats
      were injected with adjuvant, all animals developed arthritis but with slightly
      less severity in the T depleted animals. Such experiments, and other
      observations, suggest a complex immunological mechanism in the pathogenesis of
      adjuvant arthritis in the rat.

PMID- 1084530
TI  - Fate of intraintestinal thymocytes labeled with 125iododeoxyuridine or tritiated
      thymidine.
AB  - A suspension of thymocytes labeled with 125UIdR or 3HTdR was injected into the
      jejunum of mice. The bulk of the radioactivity disappeared within few hours from
      the intestine and was recovered principally in the urine. This indicated a very
      rapid breakdown of labeled thymic cells, reabsorption and subsequent elimination
      of the tracer in the kidney. In mice injected with cells labeled with 3HTdR, the
      initial rapid loss of radioactivity was of shorter duration, and slower during
      the second phase, presumably due to more extensive reutilization and/or prolonged
      persistence of acid-soluble radioactivity. Pretreatment of the recipients with
      antibiotics did not significantly reduce the rate of radioactivity loss.

PMID- 1084531
TI  - Biological bases for the integration of appetitive and consummatory grooming
      behaviors in the cat: a review.
AB  - Cats with pontile lesions, frontal neocortical lesions, and thyroidectomized cats
      display a dissociation of the appetitive and consummatory components of grooming
      behavior following tactile stimulation of the body surface, an abnormal behavior
      which waxes and wanes with the seasons of the year. Tryptophan hydroxylase
      activity and serotonin levels were significantly decreased in the superior
      colliculi (but not other brain regions) in cats with pontile lesions or frontal
      neocortical lesions, but not in thyroidectomized cats. Systemic administration of
      5-hydroxytryptophan or monoamine oxidase inhibition plus tryptophan
      administration abolishes the abnormal grooming behavior in each group of cats,
      and microinjections of 5-hydroxytryptophan or serotonin into the superior
      colliculi has the same effect, indicating that the change in a serotonergic
      system is a critical aspect of the abnormal behavior in cats with lesions and
      that a serotonergic system may also be involved in the genesis of the abnormal
      grooming behavior in thyroidectomized cats. Functional inactivation of the
      serotonergic system by p-chlorophenylalanine, LSD, or serotonin receptor blockade
      does not induce the abnormal grooming behavior in normal cats, indicating that
      other factors are involved. Cats with lesions and thyroidectomized cats display a
      rhythmic dysfunction in the excretion of glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid
      administration abolishes the abnormal grooming behavior, suggesting that
      glucocorticoids are the other critical factor. Adrenalectomized cats do not
      display the abnormal grooming behavior, but when adrenalectomized cats are
      treated with p-chlorophenylalanine, the abnormal behavior appears. Thus, a
      serotonergic system in the superior colliculi, operating at some level of
      glucocorticoid function, is involved in the integration of appetitive and
      consummatory grooming behaviors.

PMID- 1084532
TI  - Pharmacological studies of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl chloroacetate and N,N
      dimethylaminoethyl acrylate as inhibitors of choline acetyltransferase in
      isolated skeletal and smooth muscle preparations.
AB  - Two tertiary amine esters, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl chloroacetate (Cl-DMA) and N,N
      dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (acryl-DMA), which have recently been shown to be
      inhibitors of choline acetyltransferase (ChAc) were investigated to determine
      their actions in isolated skeletal and smooth muscle preparations. Both compounds
      caused neuromuscular blockade in indirectly stimulated nerve-muscle preparations
      (ED50 values of Cl-DMA were 6.9 -42.0 X 10(-4) M and those of acryl-DMA were 1.2
      5.8 X 10(-4) M). The blockade was completely or partially reversible after drug
      washout. A comparison of the ED50 values for neuromuscular blockade with the ID50
      values for ChAc inhibition suggested that the acryl-DMA compound might not cause
      neuromuscular blockade via ChAc inhibition because the potency ratios (ED50/ID50)
      of Cl-DMA were higher than 1, whereas those of acryl-DMA were equal to or lower
      than 1. This was borne out by further experiments on isolated neuromuscular
      preparations which showed that the site of action for acryl-DMA was post
      junctional, whereas that for Cl-DMA was prejunctional. In addition, the weak
      stimulating properties of Cl-DMA and acryl-DMA were investigated in isolated
      skeletal and smooth muscle. Cl-DMA was shown to be a partial cholinergic agonist,
      whereas acryl-DMA was a nonspecific stimulant not involving cholinergic
      receptors. Although both Cl-DMA and acryl-DMA are inhibitors of ChAc, only Cl-DMA
      appears to have sufficient specificity for use as a possible ChAc inhibitor in
      vivo.

PMID- 1084533
TI  - Principles of therapy in cirrhosis.
AB  - Since progression of certain types of cirrhosis can be prevented by withdrawal of
      the offending agent or administration of anti-inflammatory drugs, optimal therapy
      depends on accurate diagnosis of the specific cause. Anticipation and appropriate
      treatement of complications will allow a more favorable prognosis.

PMID- 1084534
TI  - [Echoencephalographic determination of normal values of the width of the third
      ventricle in children].
AB  - The maximum diameter of the third ventricle was ultrasonically determined on 769
      children aged 3 to 10, of whom 401 were boys and 368, girls. The empirical range
      included values between 2.1 and 5.5 mm, the average value being 3.8 mm and the
      standard deviation, 0.57 mm. Limiting ranges bordering on pathological values
      are, for the time being, considered to be as follows: 4.5 mm in the third year of
      life; 5.0 mm in the fourth to fifth years of life; 5.5 mm in the sixth to seventh
      years of life; and 6.0 mm in the eighth to tenth years of life.

PMID- 1084535
TI  - The course of love: a cross-sectional design.

PMID- 1084536
TI  - [Central dimer x ventriculography (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084537
TI  - Computed tomography: evaluation of the posterior third ventricle.
AB  - The normal computed tomography (CT) appearances of the posterior third ventricle
      and related structures are presented. Seventy-six patients with lesions directly
      involving this ventricle were studied by CT, and results of other
      neuroradiological procedures evaluated. Primary tumors, metastases, hematomas,
      infarcts, and cysts may be reliably distinguished by CT, particularly if contrast
      enhancement is utilized. Size and density resolution limit the direct
      visualization of the aqueduct of Sylvius; stenosis however may be inferred. Small
      infarcts may be difficult to demonstrate by the use of CT scans without contrast
      enhancement, yet be shown by isotope scans.

PMID- 1084538
TI  - Enterolith causing bleeding in a patient with Meckel's diverticulum. Angiographic
      demonstration.
AB  - Angiography demonstrated a bleeding Meckel's diverticulum supplied by tortuous,
      presumably embryonic branches of the superior mesenteric artery. A large
      enterolith, partially impacted into a constriction near the center of the
      diverticulum, caused a bleeding ulcer. The diverticulum contained no gastric
      mucosa.

PMID- 1084539
TI  - Biomedical studies on the desert dwelling huntergatherers of Southern Africa.

PMID- 1084540
TI  - Migration into pseudo-follicles of draining lymph nodes of medullary small
      thymocytes injected in the mediastinal cavity.
AB  - After an intramediastinal injection of labelled thymic cells, few cells were
      found in the pseudo-follicles of the draining nodes while the extrafollicular
      zone of their cortex contained abundant labelled cells (Sainte-Marie and Peng, in
      press). We proposed that the cells having migrated into the pseudo-follicles were
      small lymphocytes of the thymic medulla, or medullary small thymocytes, which
      accounts for about 5% of the thymocyte population. The purpose of the present
      study was to test the validity of the proposal. Rats received corticosterone
      injections to destroy, their cortical thymocytes and, thereafter, a dose of 3H
      cytidine in order to label the surviving medullary small thymocytes. One hour
      later, these cells were suspended and injected in the mediastinal cavity of
      recipients which were killed 3 and 24 hours after the injection. The radio
      autographs of the draining, and of the remaining, nodes revealed that most
      labelled cells, present in the nodes at the 24-hour interval, were situated
      mostly in the pseudo-follicles. The finding indicates, that, unlike the cortical
      small thymocytes, the medullary small thymocytes can migrate into pseudo
      follicles. This is probably due to the greater motility of the medullary small
      thymocytes and possibly, to their involvement in the function(s) carried out in
      the pseudo-follicles.

PMID- 1084541
TI  - [Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients without portal hypertension.
      Clinical, therapeutical and etiological aspects and development in 100 cases].

PMID- 1084542
TI  - [Various radiological considerations on the infundibulo-sellar region].

PMID- 1084543
TI  - [Cold lymphocytotoxins in various pathological situations].
AB  - Cold lymphocytotoxins have been described extensively in many situations. In the
      present work, this kind of antibody has been found less frequently than
      previously in some diseases like infectious mononucleosis, rheumatoid arthritis,
      or kidney transplanted patients. These discrepancies may be due to technical
      considerations. In contrast, cold lymphocytotoxins, in the present work, have
      been frequently detected in auto-immune hemolytic anemias with cold agglutinins,
      and in patients having immuno-deficiencies.

PMID- 1084544
TI  - [Application of free flow preparative methods for the separation of blood cells].
AB  - Human blood cells can be separated using an apparatus described by Hanning and co
      workers (Model FF4 Desaga Heidelberg). The method of free flow preparative
      electrophoresis uses a specific property of blood cells when subjected to an
      electric field: their electrophoretic mobility. Three regions of migration can be
      defined: --a high mobility region (HMR); --a low mobility region (LMR) and --an
      intermediate mobility region (IMR). After the electrophoretic migration, the
      various cell fractions are identified. If human leucocytes are subjected to an
      electric field (40 volts/cm) it is possible to isolate several populations which
      differ by their membranes electric charge. The repartition of the neutrophiles
      granulocytes is twofold: --one fraction of high mobility (HMR) and --one fraction
      of low mobility (LMR). The meaning of these two populations is being discussed.
      Between these teo fractions is located the lymphocyte fraction which is
      represented by a single peak of intermediate mobility (IMR). Eosinophiles and
      monocytes are concentrated in low mobility fraction (LMR). With appropriate
      migration parameters (80 volts/cm, various component buffers) it is possible to
      obtain from lymphocytes, purified by density gradient, an electrophoretic
      separation of T and B lymphocytes population. Histograms obtained from
      quantitative measures (on collected cell fractions) show an unimodal
      distribution. When separated cells are characterized by three membranes markers
      (E. Rosettes, EAC Rosettes and surface immunoglobulins) the electrophoretic
      heterogeneity of B and T cells is then demonstrated. With E Rosettes (T cells)
      the majority of T lymphocytes is distributed in HMR and IMR. With EAC Rosettes
      and membrane immunofluorescence (B cells markers) the majority of B lymphocytes
      is found in the LMR. Thus an important enrichment of T and B sub-population is
      obtained, but contamination from one another still remains too important. More
      selective methods should lead to an improvement of this cell separation.

PMID- 1084545
TI  - [Immunology of autoimmune hemolytic anemias].

PMID- 1084546
TI  - [Comparison of results of splenorenal anastomosis and splenectomy in the
      treatment of schistosomal portal hypertension. Mortality and incidence of
      gastroesophageal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1084547
TI  - Suppression and stimulation of immunoglobulin synthesis by agents present in
      rheumatoid synovial effusions.
AB  - Synovial effusions from 14 patients with rheumatoid arthritis contain factors
      capable of enhancing and suppressing the production of immunoglobulin when added
      to normal peripheral lymphocyte cultures in vitro. Utilizing a radioactive immune
      coprecipitation technique it could be demonstrated that enhancement was observed
      upon addition of relatively small amounts of synovial fluid, while addition of
      higher amounts resulted in suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis. Nine of ten
      non-rheumatoid joint effusions showed neither enhancing nor suppressing
      activities. The possible relationship of these events to lymphokine production in
      the joint is discussed.

PMID- 1084548
TI  - [Observations on the ultrastructure of the chromaffin cells of Rana esculenta
      during embryonal development and metamorphosis].

PMID- 1084549
TI  - [Motor complications during Herpes zoster of the ophtalmic branch of the
      trigeminal nerve. Electromyographic study of 7 cases (author's transl)].
AB  - It has been recently shown that in addition to ganglia the nerve is involved
      during Herpes Zoster. Electromyographic investigations of the masseter muscle,
      were carried out on the side of the skin lesions in 7 cases of Herpes Zoster of
      the first trigeminal branch. In 4 cases there was a partial denervation, possibly
      due to a mononeuritis of the motor branch of the trigeminal nerve. It is probable
      that systematic electromyographic examinations may demonstrate a higher
      proportion of motor complications during Herpes Zoster than previously accepted.

PMID- 1084550
TI  - Estimation of B- and T-lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue by means of photometry and
      51Cr labelled marker erythrocytes.
AB  - Some new techniques for estimating B- and T-lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue are
      introduced. The density of marker erythrocytes on closed chamber incubated
      sections was estimated by the light transmission in relation to the number of the
      respective lymphocyte subpopulation, measured on suspensions of eluted
      lymphocytes. Using 51Cr labelled marker erythrocytes, the number of adsorbed
      marker erythrocytes per lymphocyte could be estimated from the gamma-irradiation
      of the section. The number of lymphocytes in the section was determined by the
      amount of protein in the section compared with the protein amount of a tissue
      specimen of known wet weight and known lymphocyte content. Furthermore, the
      number of adsorbed marker erythrocytes per rosette in suspensions of eluted
      lymphocytes was estimated by means of radioactively labelled marker erythrocytes.

PMID- 1084552
TI  - Socio-economic consequences.

PMID- 1084551
TI  - Resistance to co-trimoxazole.

PMID- 1084554
TI  - Cell-mediated immune mechanisms.

PMID- 1084553
TI  - Antinuclear antibodies.

PMID- 1084555
TI  - Degradation of collagen.

PMID- 1084556
TI  - Bone involvement.

PMID- 1084557
TI  - Penicillamine treatment.

PMID- 1084558
TI  - Epidemiology.

PMID- 1084559
TI  - Prostaglandins.

PMID- 1084560
TI  - HLA antigens.

PMID- 1084561
TI  - Nomenclature and classification of rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1084562
TI  - Synovial fluid analysis and its clinical significance.

PMID- 1084563
TI  - Amyloidosis in rheumatoid disease.

PMID- 1084564
TI  - Paraneoplastic reactions in connective tissue.

PMID- 1084565
TI  - Interaction of antirheumatic drugs.

PMID- 1084566
TI  - Social agencies--organization and function.

PMID- 1084567
TI  - Connective tissue activation. X. Current studies of the process and its
      mediators.

PMID- 1084568
TI  - Experimental models and etiology of inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1084569
TI  - The role of lysosomes in the pathogeny of disease.

PMID- 1084570
TI  - Immunopathogenic mechanisms in rheumatoid diseases with special reference to IgM
      rheumatoid factor.

PMID- 1084571
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations and immune reactions in rheumatoid inflammatory
      tissues.

PMID- 1084572
TI  - Pattern of rheumatoid disease in society: change or disappearance?

PMID- 1084573
TI  - Medical treatment of chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1084574
TI  - Extracorporeal irradiation of thoracic duct lymph as immunosuppressive treatment
      in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Thoracic duct drainage and re-infusion of the irradiated lymph was carried out as
      immunosuppressive treatment in 2 patients with progressive, therapy-resistant
      rheumatoid arthritis. In both patients, a marked clinical improvement was
      achieved even during the first days of treatment. A reduced number of T cells in
      the blood was seen 3 days after onset of drainage, whereas no significant change
      in the number of B cells was observed. No recirculation of the infused cells
      could be detected, nor was the radiation removal of T cells accompanied by rapid
      proliferation of "new" T cells. As clinical improvement and reduction in T cells
      occurred simultaneously, there is probably a connection between these two events.
      The beneficial clinical response and the achievement of T cell suppression by
      thoracic duct drainage--the result of irradiation and re-infusion of irradiated
      lymph--encourage further clinical trials with this type of treatment in severe
      therapy-resistant rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1084575
TI  - Granulocyte reactive antinuclear factors in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The prevalence of mouse liver reactive antinuclear factors (L-ANF) and human
      granulocyte reactive antinuclear factors (G-ANF) was determined in sera from 34
      age- and sex-matched pairs of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA)
      and controls. Neither type of antinuclear factor was found in any of the control
      sera, whereas of the patient sera, 35% were L-ANF positive and 59% were G-ANF
      positive. 90% of the G-ANF positive sera were of the IgG class and 50% were able
      to fix complement. L-ANF was most frequent in female patients. Several types of
      ANF were associated with the polyarticular form of the disease. Such varying
      prevalences of ANF with disease types might indicate that JRA is a syndrome
      rather than a disease. In particular, the complement fixing G-ANF titre was
      positively correlated with parameters related to disease activity. The great
      variation in prevalence figures of different ANF types previously reported and
      the possible clinical significance of these auto-antibodies are discussed.

PMID- 1084576
TI  - A human syndrome caused by immotile cilia.
AB  - Four subjects who produced immotile sperm were studied. In three of the subjects,
      who had frequent bronchitis and sinusitis, there was no mucociliary transport, as
      measured by tracheobronchial clearance. Electron microscopy indicated that cilia
      from cells of these patients lack dynein arms.

PMID- 1084577
TI  - Myocardial infarction in patients less than 45 years old: acute course,
      angiographic findings, and long-term follow-up.
AB  - The clinical courses of 57 patients who had an acute myocardial infarction when
      less than 45 years of age were reviewed to identify descriptors which might be
      useful in selecting candidates for coronary artery surgery. Follow-up for the
      subgroup of 45 patients seen initially with acute myocardial infarction was 98%
      (44/45) complete. Those patients referred to the medical center because of
      complications for specifically for coronary artery surgery following recent
      infarction were not followed. Average duration of follow-up for survivors without
      coronary surgery was 45 months and ranged from 10 to 105 months. The hospital
      mortality for the above group was 16% (7/45). During the follow-up period, 11%
      (4/37) died, 51% (19/37) had angina, 19% (7/37) had congestive heart failure, 51%
      (19/37) returned to work, and only 43% (16/37) remained asymptomatic.
      Angiographic assessment of coronary artery lesions by the Friesinger method
      indicated moderately severe disease in these young patients. Multiple regression
      analysis did not reveal a reliable predictor of hospital or late death or
      subsequent morbidity.

PMID- 1084578
TI  - [Diagnosis of massive gastroduodenal hemorrhages].

PMID- 1084579
TI  - [Massive hemorrhage from the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1084580
TI  - Letter: Radiological signs of intramural haemorrhage in the bowel.

PMID- 1084581
TI  - Bilateral renal cortical necrosis: a report of 2 cases.
AB  - Two cases of renal cortical necrosis, one of which occurred after an obstetric
      complication (abruptio placentae) and the other after postpartum haemorrhage, are
      described. The diagnosis was made by percutaneous renal biopsy, intravenous
      pyelography and selective nephro-angiography. Immunofluorescence studies of the
      kidney showed no abnormality in one patient, but showed the presence of IgM in
      the glomerular basement membrane in the second patient. Hypotension was not
      observed when anuria occurred. Both patients survived. The importance of
      prolonged haemodialysis is stressed, since one patient was oliguric for 57 days
      and required intermittent haemodialysis for 5 months, while the second patient
      was oliguric for 17 days, required haemodialysis for 5 months and now has
      established hypertension.

PMID- 1084582
TI  - [Natural history of tuberculosis: round table discussion].

PMID- 1084583
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal bleedings. Diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1084584
TI  - Letter: Chronic nerve stimulators.

PMID- 1084585
TI  - Plasmatic clotting and/or blood cellular clumping in clinical conditions,
      experimental animals, and in perfused organs.

PMID- 1084586
TI  - Anticoagulant release during shock.

PMID- 1084587
TI  - Integrated analysis of hemorrhagic-thrombotic tendency.

PMID- 1084588
TI  - The dynamic inter-relationship between factor VIII and von Willebrand factor.

PMID- 1084589
TI  - [Letter: Rheumatism and uprightness].

PMID- 1084590
TI  - [Letter: Discussion between professor of medicine Foss Hauge and Kass].

PMID- 1084591
TI  - [Observations in two cases of primary fibrosarcoma of the lung (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Two cases of primary fibrosarcoma of the lung are reported. The different
      clinical findings as well as the different courses in both patients reveal
      problems in diagnosis and treatment of this rare pulmonary lesion. The diagnostic
      aspects are given and discussed with regards to bronchial carcinoma. It is
      believed that lobectomy is the rational treatment of primary fibrosarcoma
      although pneumonectomy must be considered in the indifferentiated typ. The
      doubtful prognosis requires an exact postoperative follow up in order to have the
      change of early surgical treatment or irradiation if metastasis or recurrence of
      the tumor occurs.

PMID- 1084592
TI  - [Bronchial carcinoids (author's transl)].
AB  - Of 35 patients with bronchial carcinoids seen at the Kantonsspital Zurich during
      16 years, 33 underwent an operative resection. The endoscopic resection is not
      recommended because of the risk of hemorrhage recurrence, and that this operation
      results in only partial removal of carcinoids which develop extrabronchially. It
      is concluded that bronchial carcinoids are potentially malignant tumours and that
      resection should be most radical if they show recurrence, invasive growth or
      metastases. Controls are necessary for a long period of time because even in
      presence of metastases the growth is very slow.

PMID- 1084593
TI  - [Leiomyoma of the esophagus (author's transl)].
AB  - Benign neoplasms of the esophagus are rare. According to Linder and Grozinger
      (1968) they come up to about 0,5-2% of all esophageal tumors. Among new growths
      of mesenchymal origin leiomyomas are dominant in 75-85%. In nearly the half of
      the concerned patients symptoms occur, indicating operative intervention. At the
      Surgical Department of the RWTH Aachen besides 58 patients with esophageal cancer
      only 4 patients suffering from benign tumors have been operated on between 1967
      and 1975. Histologically three times the diagnosis of a leiomyoma could be
      established. In one female, a preoperatively simulated leiomyoma was verified as
      an intramural cyst of bronchogenic origin. Thoracotomy and enucleation or
      extirpation are the preferable methods of treatment. Postoperatively no essential
      complications were seen. A clinically silent fistula healed up spontaneously.

PMID- 1084594
TI  - [Surgery for coarctation of the aorta in the first year of life (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A new surgical repair of coarcation of the aorta is reported on 7 infants in the
      first year of life. Hereby the subclavian artery is used as a modified patch for
      the coarctation and utilised for re-establishing aortic continuity. The results
      and advantages are presented and discussed.

PMID- 1084595
TI  - [Penetrating shot injury of the intern carotid artery (author's transl)].
AB  - The case of a young male patient with gun-shot-trauma of the internal right
      carotid artery is reported. The primary arterial reconstruction in the
      hemiparetic and unconscious man was successfully done. The problems of the
      carotid shot trauma - especially indication, time of reparation, kind of
      operation and the intraluminary shunt - are discussed.

PMID- 1084596
TI  - [Valvular and infundibular pulmonic stenosis without ventricular septal defect-
      results of surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084597
TI  - A new cannulation method for isolated mitral valve surgery--"apicoaortic-pa"
      cannulation.
AB  - The present paper describes experimental and clinical studies of a new method
      "Apicoaortic-PA" cannulation for mitral valve surgery. Our experimental study
      showed that this method was more rapid and more physiological for cardiopulmonary
      bypass. We used this technique in 55 cases of isolated mitral valve surgery with
      successful results. Our general philosophy of surgical approach to the mitral
      valve diseases is also discussed. We advocate the utilization of the "Apicoaortic
      Pulmonary Artery" cannulation method for clinical use in isolated mitral valve
      surgery through the left thoracotomy.

PMID- 1084598
TI  - [Cor triatriatum: total correction in an infant using normothermic inflow
      occlusion (author's transl)].
AB  - Successful correction of cor triatiatum in a 3-month-old infant is presented. The
      diagnosis was established preoperatively by separate angiocardiographic
      visualization of the two left atrial compartments. To our knowledge all
      successful total corrections were done under cardiopulmonary bypass. In this
      case, the abnormal diaphragm in the left atrium was resected under normothermic
      inflow occlusion. We believe that the technically very simple resection of the
      diaphragm does not necessitate the use of extracorporeal circulation in an
      infant, provided the diagnosis can be made beyond any doubt before the operation.

PMID- 1084599
TI  - [Clinical experiences with cardioplegic injection in open heart surgery (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Two groups of 50 patients each who had undergone valve replacement with
      extracorporeal circulation, were examined. In the first group surgery had been
      performed only under coronary ischemia, whereas in the second group cardiac
      arrest was induced pharmacologically. IC CLUMP OCCURE MORE OFTEN. Also the amount
      of necessary defibrillation at occurrence of ventricular fibrillation was
      significantly lower. Besides it was extraordinary that after the cardiopulmonary
      bypass the consumption of positive inotropic drugs (Catecholamine) fsults
      injection-cardioplegia with its simple handling seemed evidently superior to
      coronary ischemia. But it remains to be seen, if injection-cardioplegia is equal
      to coronary perfusion.

PMID- 1084600
TI  - [On myocardial abscess (author's transl)].
AB  - Authors describe an abscess in the area of a myocardial infarction. The
      possibility of surgical treatment is discussed.

PMID- 1084601
TI  - The influence of x-rays, vitamin A and protease inhibitor on the hydroproteolytic
      activity and serotonin content in pancreas and intestine of rats.
AB  - Activity of MAO, hydroproteolytic enzymes including some lysosomal markers as
      well as serotonin content were examined in pancreas and intestinal tissue of rats
      24 hours after irradiation with the dose of 800R. It was stated that
      postirradiation disturbances of enzymatic activity in intestinal tract were
      accompanied by changes of serotonin content. Administration of vitamin A into
      rats caused in some parts of the intestine slight increase of acid phosphatase
      activity-and evident changes in serotonin content. Inhibitor of proteases
      (Trasylol) evidently prevented the disturbances of serotonin content both in rats
      exposed to X-rays or vitamin A administration- when simultaneously its influence
      on changes in hydroproteolytic activity (except of pancreas and colon) was of
      smaller degree.

PMID- 1084602
TI  - Pneumocystis and Histoplasma infections in wild animals from the Amazon region of
      Brazil.
AB  - Routine examination of tissues from wild forest rodents from Amapa, north Brazil,
      revealed Pneumocystis carinii in lung smears from a newly captured Oryzomys
      capito (Cricetidae). Acute, fatal infections with this parasite are also recorded
      in a number of captive "coatimundis", Nasua narica (Carnivora: Procyonidae) and a
      sloth, Bradypus tridactylus (Edentata). Pneumocystis was also encountered in lung
      smears from a newly captured and apparently healthy sloth, Choloepus didactylus.
      The presence of infection in newly captured animals leads us to believe that the
      fatal, fulminating pneumocystosis seen in the captive Nasua and Bradypus was due
      to exacerbation of pre-existant infections acquired in their natural forest
      environment. Pneumocystis carinii is a well known cause of fatal, interstitial
      plasma-cell pneumonia in human infants and sometimes the weakened adult: the
      keeping of exotic pets such as the coatimundi is, therefore, not without some
      hazard in this respect. Histoplasma, another well known pathogen for man, was
      isolated from 4 rodents, Proechimys guyanensis (Echimyidae), all from virgin
      forest along the newly opened Trans Amazon Highway, Para State, and from a single
      sloth, Choloepus didactylus, from near Belem, Para. All these animals showed no
      symptoms of infection: isolation of the parasite was made by the inoculation of
      laboratory hamsters with saline suspensions of triturated liver and spleen.

PMID- 1084603
TI  - Purification and use of the C3d subunit C3.
AB  - A method is described for the preparation of C3d from fresh-frozen CPD plasma. A
      redissolved EDTA euglobulin precipitate formed from defibrinated plasma is
      chromatographed on DEAE cellulose. The C3-rich peak is further chromatographed by
      stepwise elution from hydroxy-apatite. The highly purified C3 and C3b so obtained
      are then treated with commercial C3b inactivator. G-200 sephadex filtration of
      this material produces a low molecular weight peak containing C3d greater than 95
      per cent purity. The purified C3d, which contains negligible carbohydrate, has a
      molecular weight of 28,000 (based on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis).
      When added at a final concentration of less than 70 mug per ml, it completely
      inhibits the anti-C3d hemagglutinin reactivity of a potent anti-C3d antiglobulin
      serum but does not inhibit sera with reactivities against C3c, C4b, and C5b. Two
      of three rabbits hyperimmunized with purified C3d produced antisera exhibiting
      only anti-C3d precipitin activity. After absorption of heterologous antibodies,
      the antisera strongly agglutinated C3d-coated RBC, failed to agglutinate RBC
      glutinated C3d-coated RBC, failed to agglutinate RBC coated only with C4, and
      reacted weakly against strongly anti-Rh coated RBC. The latter reactivity was
      readily absorbed by whole IgG. Preliminary studies with 125I-labeled C3d indicate
      its potential value in assessing potency of anti-C3d reagents.

PMID- 1084604
TI  - Autologous blood transfusion in coronary artery bypass surgery.
AB  - Forty-four patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery participated in an
      autologous blood donor program. Blood was collected at weekly intervals up to
      three days prior to the scheduled date of surgery. Sixteen patients donated a
      total of two autologous units each, and 28 patients donated one autologous unit
      each. No donor morbidity or mortality was encountered during or following blood
      donation. Autologous blood accounted for more than one-third of all blood
      required by these patients throughout their hospital courses. Autologous
      transfusion appears to be a safe procedure for patients with severe coronary
      artery disease.

PMID- 1084605
TI  - Letter: Anti-IgA in blood donors.

PMID- 1084606
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity to H-2 antigens. Characteristics of the effector cells as
      detected in the microcytotoxicity assay.
AB  - Cell-mediated immune reactivity against murine histocompatibility antigens was
      compared by using both the microcytotoxicity assay (MCA) and the 51 chromium
      release assay (CRA). In both assay systems the data obtained showed T cell
      mediated reactivity. In the CRA only T lymphocytes were detectable, which were
      cytotoxic, In contrast, in the MCA reactivity of nonlytic secondary T cells
      (NLST) was also detected. NLST acquired their MCA-reactivity within the first 24
      hr of the 48-hr test period of the MCA. Circumstantial evidence is provided
      suggesting that MCA reactivity is a product of two different processes, namely,
      antigen-specific restimulation of immunt T cells and shedding of cytotoxicity
      inhibiting factors.

PMID- 1084607
TI  - Letter: Clarification of certain characteristics of chicken antilymphocyte
      globulin.

PMID- 1084608
TI  - Functional characterization of a naturally occurring antibody cytotoxic for a
      subpopulation of splenic T cells.
AB  - Sera from old (greater than 6 months) New Zealand Black (NZB) mice were shown to
      contain an IgM antibody which was cytotoxic for thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes in
      the presence of rabbit complement. This antibody in the presence of complement
      markedly decreased the response of normal spleen cells to the T cell mitogen
      concanvalin A (Con A) but not to another T cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA
      P). Responses of these treated cells to the polyclonal B cell mitogens, bacterial
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid (poly[I]
      poly[C]) were unimpaired. This naturally occurring NZB antibody was different
      from conventional anti-theta serum which abolished the response to both PHA-P and
      Con A. Moreover, the NZB serum affected spleen cells from both theta-C3H and
      theta-AKR mice. The ability of such serum to influence, differentially, Con A
      reactive cells as opposed to PHA-P-reactive cells, suggest that the NZB antiserum
      recognizes a subpopulation of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084609
TI  - [Etiologic study of anemia of digestive origin].

PMID- 1084610
TI  - [Acute pericarditis].

PMID- 1084611
TI  - Localization of intracular and intraorbital foreign bodies by means of A-scan
      ultrasonography.
AB  - This paper discusses the use of ultrasonography in ophthalmology for foreign body
      localization and detection. The problems and advantages of using A-scann methods
      to verify and improve upon x-ray diagnosis are considered.

PMID- 1084612
TI  - [Neuro-physiological basis of physical therapy of hemiplegic patients].

PMID- 1084613
TI  - Differences between ampullofugal and ampullopetal stimulation of the horizontal
      semicircular canal: confirmation of Ewald's second law.

PMID- 1084614
TI  - The impulsive test in man.
AB  - The impulsive test is brief and comfortable to the patient. The SVM is the best
      discriminator of the variables examined. By using percent differences between CW
      and CCW responses in the same subject at the same stimulus magnitude, we can
      define a range for the normal population and indicate patients outside that
      normal range. The impulsive test gives directional information in patients with
      unilateral lesions. In patients with severe bilateral loss of vestibular
      function, measurable responses are still obtainable; while in patients with
      primary cerebellar disease, responses are increased. The test may also be useful
      in giving anatomic information about posterior fossa lesions.

PMID- 1084615
TI  - [Restoration of the main blood flow in the common carotid artery 7 years after
      its ligation].

PMID- 1084616
TI  - The genetic map of bacteriophage phiX174 constructed with restriction enzyme
      fragments.

PMID- 1084617
TI  - Differentials in health characteristics by marital status, United States, 1971
      72.

PMID- 1084618
TI  - [Effect of direct revascularization on the hemodynamics and on clinical and
      metabolic manifestations of myocardial infarct in the cardiostimulation test].

PMID- 1084619
TI  - [Myopericarditis in rheumatic disease].

PMID- 1084620
TI  - [Effect of sinusoid modulated currents of different parameters and localization
      of the action on the activity of oxidizing enzymes of rabbits' tissues under
      normal conditions and in experimental atherosclerosis].

PMID- 1084621
TI  - [Effectiveness of various methods of pelotherapy in patients with peptic ulcer
      (remote results)].

PMID- 1084622
TI  - [Changes in the functional state of the adrenal cortex in patients with lumbo
      sacral radiculitis under the influence of complex treatment including diadynamic
      currents and novocaine electrophoresis].

PMID- 1084623
TI  - [Kinetics of populations of theta+ and theta- cells in the lymph nodes of KR/j
      mice during methylcholanthrene carcinogenesis].

PMID- 1084624
TI  - T cell deficiency in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia ('warm type').
AB  - 19 patients with chronic 'warm type' autoimmune hemolytic anemia were studied for
      abnormalities of cellular immune reactions. Evidence was obtained for a reduction
      of rosette-forming cells (RFC). Lymphocytotoxic antibodies were present in only 8
      patients and correlated, with only one exception, with a reduced number of RFC.
      No significant deviation from normal ranges of the three major immunoglobulin
      classes in the patients' sera were found. C3 and C4 complement components were
      also, with one exception, within normal limits. In 18 of 19 patients no apparent
      association existed between the type or the amount of autoantibodies and/or
      complement components fixed on red cells and the levels of the respective
      immunoglobulins or complement in the sera.

PMID- 1084625
TI  - [Kartagener syndrome in adults].

PMID- 1084626
TI  - [Case of gastric neurinoma].

PMID- 1084627
TI  - [The diagnosis of subtentorial tumours by vertebral angiography (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The diagnosis of space-occupying lesions in the subtentorial space by vertebral
      angiography is based upon a good knowledge of arteries and veins and topographic
      points of this region. An imaginary line between the colliculo-central point and
      the chorioidal point divides the posterior fossa into two imaginary parts. In
      this way it is possible to localize displacements in the region of the posterior
      fossa. Of course, the displacement of the veins and arteries is very important in
      the verification of the tumours. Consequently, vertebral angiography is of vital
      importance in the investigation of space-occupying lesions in the posterior
      fossa.

PMID- 1084628
TI  - [Physical therapy in cerebrovascular disorders (with special regard to physico
      therapeutic measures after cerebrovascular insult)].

PMID- 1084629
TI  - [Ototoxicity of carbon tetrachloride].

PMID- 1084630
TI  - [Function improvement in levography following aortocoronary bypass].
AB  - Actively contracting segments, preoperatively akinetic, were found in 8 of 63
      patients, evaluated 6-12 months after aortocoronary surgery by coronary
      angiography. Ejection fraction was increased from 48.1% (S.D. 15.7) to 68.3%
      (S.D. 11.4). These patients are characterized by two simple clinical parameters:
      1.  All patients had angina pectoris at rest or at minimum exercise except for
      one; 2. preoperatively, there was a discrepancy between severe ventriculographic
      and discreet Ecg findings. These findings prove that myocardial function in
      coronary artery disease can be impaired at rest by ischemia, without clinical
      signs of coronary insufficiency, such as angina pectoris. Even severe impairment
      of left ventricular function is no contraindication for coronary artery surgery,
      if caused by reversible myocardial ischemia.

PMID- 1084631
TI  - Ciliated glial cells and neurons in the interpeduncular nucleus of the frog.
AB  - Some neurons and glial cells of the interpeduncular nucleus of the adult frog
      Rana esculenta contain one cilium. The cilium complex shows two-centriole basal
      organization. Cross striated structures are seen apposed to the centriolar
      formations. The centriole and associated basal body are always close to the
      vesicular elements of the Golgi apparatus in the neurons and are surrounded by
      quite a number of microtubules in the glial cells. The observations suggest that
      these ciliated cells represent specialized elements in which the cilium has
      probably the same functional transport properties postulated for cytoplasmic
      microtubules.

PMID- 1084632
TI  - [Antirheumatic drugs in rural practice].

PMID- 1084633
TI  - Aorto-coronary graft for dissected coronary artery.
AB  - A 46-year-old woman while undergoing selective coronary cine angiogram dissected
      her coronary artery. She was managed by heparin therapy followed by urgent aorto
      coronary artery saphenous vein graft with no consequences.

PMID- 1084634
TI  - Valve replacement and coronary revascularization: combined surgical approach.
AB  - Report is presented of sixteen patients who had coronary bypass procedures
      performed in combination with valvular surgery. There was a hospital mortality of
      two patients of 12.5%. Significant improvement occurred in the remaining fourteen
      patients or 87.5%. Of these fourteen patients, one patient required re-operation
      for mitral valve replacement following an open mitral commissurotomy two years
      previously. Coronary arteriosclerosis complicating the outcome of patients
      undergoing valvular surgery is well recognized (1). Hall and associates (2)
      reported the results of seventy-two patients undergoing combined procedures with
      seventeen operative deaths, an operative mortality rate of 23.6%. Merin's group
      (3) reported on a series of fifty patients from the Mayo Clinic with an operative
      mortality rate of 14%. Loop and coworkers (4) reported an operative mortality
      rate of 8% in fifty patients undergoing combined procedures. Crouch and
      associates (5) reported on thirty-six patients with four hospital deaths, an
      operative mortality of 11%. At the Heart Institute of Michigan, five hundred
      fifty-six patients under-went coronary bypass surgery from December, 1969 to
      September, 1974. This is an all inclusive, consecutive experience. Overall
      mortality in this group was nine patients or 1.6%. Of five hundred forty patients
      who did not have associated valvular surgery, the mortality was seven patients or
      1.3%. The purpose of this presentation is to elaborate on the sixteen patients
      who had coronary surgery combined with valvular surgery. Mortality in this group
      was two patients or 12.5%.

PMID- 1084635
TI  - [Lymphocytes and their functional forms - morphology, organization and
      immunologic significance].

PMID- 1084636
TI  - [Photosensitive substances in the pineal complex of anuria].

PMID- 1084637
TI  - New observations on aminergic hypothalamo-hypophysial tracts in Rana temporaria.

PMID- 1084638
TI  - [Effect of stress and dexamethasone on the amount of CRF-granulas in the
      infundibulum of adrenalectomized rats].

PMID- 1084639
TI  - [Electron microscopy localization of antienzyme-antibodies in cells of the
      thoracic duct and lymph nodes].

PMID- 1084640
TI  - [Rosette formation of human T-lymphocytes with neuraminidase-treated human
      erythrocytes].

PMID- 1084641
TI  - [Membrane topochemical differentiation of chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL)].

PMID- 1084642
TI  - [Quantitative determination of IgG-antiglobulins in the serum of patients with
      chronic polyarthritis and other disorders].

PMID- 1084643
TI  - [Classification of lympho-proliferative diseases using lymphocyte tracers].

PMID- 1084644
TI  - [Radioimmunologic determination of anti-DNA antibodies in lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1084645
TI  - [Indication for acute aortocoronary bypass operations in acute coronary
      insufficiency or impending myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1084646
TI  - [Disorders of cellular immune defense].

PMID- 1084647
TI  - [Cellular mechanisms of autoimmunity in schizophrenia].

PMID- 1084648
TI  - [Quantitative and qualitative changes in sensitized peripheral blood lymphocytes
      in mycoses of the feet].

PMID- 1084649
TI  - [Simultaneous interventions in the upper abdomen].

PMID- 1084650
TI  - [Hemoperitoneum and hemobilia in cholelithiasis].

PMID- 1084651
TI  - [Hemorrhagic gastritis and its treatment by means of vagotomy and pyloroplasty].

PMID- 1084652
TI  - [Massive initial hemorrhage in Crohn's disease of the upper jejunum].

PMID- 1084653
TI  - [Results of the surgical treatment of chronic Crohn's regional anteritis].

PMID- 1084654
TI  - [The relationship between the clinical picture and course of acoustic nerve
      tumors and the direction of their growth in the cerebellopontine angle].
AB  - The data of clinical, surgical and post-mortem studies in 95 patients with
      neurinomas of the acoustic nerve permitted to eliminate 3 variants in the growth
      of neoplastical process into the ponto-cerebellar angle: 1) subtentorial (the
      upper variant) -- 27 cases; 2) the middle line of the brain stem (middle variant)
      -- 15 cases; 3) the lower parts of the angle (lower variant)--52 cases. Depending
      upon the direction of the growth into this space and upon the stage of the
      disease there were differences in the succession, frequency and expressiveness of
      focal and general brain symptoms. The development of the disease also differed.

PMID- 1084655
TI  - [Rhythm disorders occurring after surgical closure of the interatrial
      communication].
AB  - A detailed evaluation is presented about the frequency and the type of
      arrhythmias following the surgical correction of 147 cases of atrial septal
      defects not associated with other congenital heart malformations. A total of 131
      arrhythmias occurred in 84 patients. The nodal and the coronary sinus rhythms are
      the most frequently encountered after surgery, attaining 53,8% of all
      arrhythmias, while atrial fibrillation or flutter represented about 22%. The
      follow-up of these arrhythmias concerned the 3 month period immediately after
      surgery. After that time 20% of the arrhythmias occurring in the early
      postoperative period persisted. The frequency of arrhythmias increased with age,
      was relatively independent of the importance of the left to right shunt, the
      level of the mean pulmonary artery pressure and the sex of the patients; but
      statistically increased in patients in whom the correction was made with a patch.
      The authors concluded that there must exist at least two mechanisms to explain
      the occurrence of arrhythmias. A first one must be in relation to the surgical
      manipulation; the second, which is only an hypothesis, stipulates an alteration
      of the conduction pathways due to the auricular distention or the existence of a
      congenital anomaly of the conduction pathways.

PMID- 1084656
TI  - Can pulmonary artery pressure be predicted without right heart catheterization in
      chronic obstructive lung disease?
AB  - We have investigated the dependance of observed pulmonary artery mean pressure
      (PAP) on body surface, age, PaO2, pH, PaCO2, hematocrit, and spirometric data
      (VC, FEV1/VC, RV/TLC) in 70 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease
      (COLD). After elimination of all variables that failed to correlate with PAP,
      multifactorial analysis showed that only two of nine independent variables,
      namely PaO2 and body surface, correlated significantly with PAP. According to our
      calculations, 28.9% of total PAP is predictable by PaO2, 1.5% by H+
      concentration, 2.8% by RV/TLC, and 2.5% by body surface. Fully 64.2% of total
      variability was not accounted for by our regression analysis; thus the error of
      predicted PAP was so great (+/- 17 mm Hg for P = 0.05) as to invalidate the
      method. We also recalculated our subjects' PAP values by applying Enson's and
      Grassi's equations to our own lung function and biochemical data, and compared
      the predicted PAP values thus obtained with those measured directly in our
      subjects. Both equations proved imprecise and/or inaccurate in the individual
      case. From this we conclude that whereas available equations may be suitable for
      predicting the mean PAP value of a large population sample, the same equations
      cannot give a reliable prediction in individual cases.

PMID- 1084657
TI  - [Clinical experimentation with intravenously administered disopyramide].
AB  - The intravenous injection of disopyramide (1.5 mg/kg) induces the return to sinus
      rhythm in about 60% of arrhythmias. When there exist perturbations of the cardiac
      rhythm, secondary to recent myocardial infarction, the percentage of success
      reaches 70%. The drug induces the disappearance of the extrasystoles in 80% of
      the cases, whatever the nature of the underlying cardiopathy. Although the
      secondary effects of the drug are slight, it is advisable to administer the
      substance in a slow intravenous injection (5 minutes), while controlling the
      arterial pressure and the E.C.G.

PMID- 1084658
TI  - The prognostic implications of systolic time intervals after acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - STI were measured on the 7th day after acute myocardial infarction in 144 male
      patients. These patients were reviewed at 6 weeks and 86 were reinvestigated and
      reviewed at 6 months. The STI could not predict the patients who would have
      either angina or a further myocardial infarction. Left ventricular function, as
      measured by STI, appeared to be a minor factor governing return to work after
      myocardial infarction. Patients who had developed ventricular aneurysms at 6
      months had significantly increased EMI at 6 weeks. STI on day 7 had considerable
      prognostic significance for left ventricular failure at 6 weeks and death between
      day 7 and 6 weeks and it is suggested that LVET index could be usefully, and
      easily, introduced as a parameter after myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1084659
TI  - Clinical and circulatory effects of oral isosorbide dinitrate in patients with
      angina during exercise.
AB  - Isosorbide dinitrate was given orally to 6 patients with anginal pain on exertion
      and its effect on exercise capacity, ECG and other hemodynamic parameters was
      compared with the control values and with the results of a group of 6 patients
      who received a placebo. The drug seems to affect favourably the working capacity
      and the ECG on exercise for a longer period than NTG while we do not observe a
      placebo effect.

PMID- 1084660
TI  - Persistent atrial standstill.
AB  - The authors present a case of permanent atrial standstill with syncopal attacks,
      in a patient with chronic Chagas' Heart Disease. The recognition of this
      dysrhythmia was based upon the conventional and intracavity electrocardiographic
      tracings in addition to phonomecanographic and hemodynamic data. The recording of
      the His Bundle electrogram demonstrated the absence of atrial activity, with the
      His potential preceding all ventricular complexes and an advanced conduction
      defect distal to the bundle of His. A diffuse type of atrial involvement was
      suggested by the lack of response to pacemaker stimulation. An increase in
      ventricular rate following intravenous atropine administration, led to the
      diagnosis of an a-v junctional rhythm with a widened QRS complex due to an
      associated right bundle branch block. Following the implantation of an epicardial
      ventricular pacemaker, the patient became completely asymptomatic despite the
      persistence of electrical and mechanical atrial standstill.

PMID- 1084661
TI  - Double-inlet left ventricle with absent sixth aortic arch and multiple cardiac
      malformations.
AB  - The first well-documented case of double-inlet left ventricle in association with
      absence of the derivatives of the sixth aortic arch of foetal life (the right and
      left branches of the pulmonary artery and the ductus arteriosus), is reported. In
      addition there were a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the portal
      vein, an ostium secundum type atrial septal defect and dextrocardia.

PMID- 1084662
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of phono-mechanographic medication of constrictive
      endocardial fibrosis (or endomyocardial fibrosis)].
AB  - The phonomecanographic investigation of 12 patients with FEC allow us to
      recognize diagnostics signs of great interest. 1. The ventricular aspect of the
      jugular veinous pulse involving a positive systolic wave and a diastolic aspect
      in "dip-plateau" is a chief indication of a right ventricular fibrosis. This
      indication is more significant of FEC when the nadir of the dip is far above the
      base line, when the dip-rising time is short, when the telediastolic ratio is
      high (more important than 0.40) when the electro-mechanical latency time is
      prolonged and when the isovolumetric relaxation time is normal. 2. The apexogram
      aspect in diastolic dip-plateau is a capital indication for a fibrosis of the
      left ventricule. This indication is more significant when the nadir of the dip is
      above the baseline, when the telediastolic ratio is high (more important than
      0.30) when the electromechanical latency time and the isovolumetric relaxation
      time are normal. 3. The protodiastolic endocardial vibrancy recorded during the
      dip climbing and showing the features we described, seems to us to be a very
      important sign. This vibrancy can be preceded or/and followed by a short and
      early diastolic murmur of low frequency, always finishing at the end of the dip.
      4. Recording of pulmonary valves or atrio-ventricular murmur is an important
      diagnostic feature in an adiastolic syndrome. 5. Recording of a pulmoanry
      infundibular impulse is an indication for a right ventricular fibrosis. This
      indication is very significant if the tracing is a dip-plateau.

PMID- 1084663
TI  - Thrombotic obstruction of Bjork-Shiley tricuspid valve prosthesis. Report of
      three cases reoperated with success.
AB  - Three patients presented subacute right heart failure, 6, 12 and 22 months after
      replacement of the tricuspid valve with a Bjork-Shiley prosthesis. The principal
      finding encountered on clinical examination was a tricuspid filling murmur with
      inspiratory accentuation. The mean prosthetic gradient found at cardiac
      catheterization was 7, 8 and 10 mm Hg. At surgery, the three prostheses were
      thrombosed on their ventricular aspect and all the three were replaced with new
      ones of the same model. The patients are alive and in good condition, 21, 17 and
      8 months after the operation. Problems which relate to the surgical management of
      tricuspid valve disease are discussed.

PMID- 1084664
TI  - [Epidemiology of the coronary risk in a semi-rural population of 420 patients
      having presented a myocardial infarct].
AB  - Various sociological and biological parameters have been studied in a population
      of 420 subjects - 335 men and 85 women - living in a semi rural country and
      having presented a myocardial infarct. Our study shows big differences in
      epidemiology between men and women: 1. The age of women is on an average seven
      years older than men (63 years against 56). 2. The women's average rate of
      cholesterol oversteps men's rate by 21 mg% (291 mg % against 271). 3. The blood
      pressure, systolic and diastolic, is distinctly higher by women (mean 171/97) tan
      by men (148/98). Amid women, 63% have a S.B.P. equal to or higher than 160 mm Hg
      against 23% by men and 56% have a D.B.P. equal to or higher than 100 mm Hg
      against 21 % by men. 4. Hyperglycemia is more frequent among women; man rate: 103
      mg % against 88 mg % by men; 17 % of the women have an equal to or higher rate
      than 110 mg % (8 % among men). 5. Obesity, expressed by a weight index, equal to
      or higher than 120, is found in 76 % of the women and 34 % of the men. The mean
      index is 123 by the women and 115 by the men. 6. Cigarette smoking is far more
      important by men: 65 % of the men smoke at least 15 cigarettes a day with smoke
      inhalation. This factor is practically not met by women. The smokers get their
      myocardial infarct at a significantly lower age than no smoking men and women.
      The women of our infarct population have thus an age, a cholesterol rate, a blood
      pressure and a glycemia higher than men of the same population; they are more
      frequently overweight but they don't smoke. Consequently, metabolic agents seem
      to play an essential part in coronary risk in women.

PMID- 1084665
TI  - [Long-term prognosis of myocardial infarct].
AB  - The authors study the long-term prognosis of a population of male subjects having
      survived 24 to 48 hours to their first myocardial infarction. The mean annual
      mortality is 6%. The long-term cumulated survival is particualarly influenced by
      a high blood pressure and by heart failure occurring during the acute episode and
      in a lesser proportion by age; the prognosis at long-term is not or little
      influenced by family history, cholesterolemia, cigarette smoking or the presence
      of angina before infarction. The presence or absence of heart failure and high
      blood pressure allows to make sub-groups with very different long-term prognosis.
      In the framework of secondary prevention of ischaemic heart diseases, the authors
      propose to start a controlled study implying both a programme of physical
      activity and a long-term energical treatment of arterial hypertension.

PMID- 1084666
TI  - Refractory cardiac arrhythmia due to hypomagnesmia.
AB  - A case of ventricular bigeminy possibly due to magnesium deficiency is reported.
      Magnesium sulphate was successfully used for its management. Differential
      diagnosis of idiopathic cardiac arrhythmias should always include hypomagnesemia
      as one of the causes and magnesium should be replaced for its proper management.

PMID- 1084667
TI  - [Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in the urban population of the town of
      Pahlavi (North Iran)].
AB  - A survey of cardiovascular diseases was carried out in June-August 1973 in the
      city of Pahlavi, a port in the Caspian area in Iran. A representative sample was
      taken from persons aged 35 years and older from both sexes. The prevalence of
      high blood pressure (WHO definition) is 29,7% in men and 31,0% in women of this
      age group. ECG tracings were prepared and the prevalence of various abnormalities
      are presented. A considerable proportion of the population have ST segment and T
      wave abnormalities. Correlation between ECG abnormalities and blood pressure
      figures has been studied. This study shows that there is a relationship between
      ECG abnormalities of group 3, 4 and 5 (Minnesota Coding) and the levels of blood
      pressure.

PMID- 1084668
TI  - Postventriculotomy aneurysm and left ventricular dysfunction following closed
      mitral commissurotomy.
AB  - A ventricular aneurysm at the site of a previous transventricular commissurotomy
      for mitral stenosis was diagnosed in a 39 year old female. Catheterization data
      showed abnormal left ventricular response to exercise and to increased afterload.
      Death occurred following mitral valve replacement. At autopsy no cause other than
      left ventricular aneurysm could be established to explain left ventricular
      dysfunction.

PMID- 1084669
TI  - [Calcific constrictive pericarditis of anginal form complicated by
      hemopericardium and tamponade during anticoagulant treatment].
AB  - The case-history of a patient with calcified constrictive epicardopericarditis
      with rapidely progressive aggravation after digestive hemorrage due to excessive
      dose or oral anticoagulant therapy is reported. The occurrence of a cardiac
      tamponade has necessitated pericardectomy which has permitted to detect a
      partitionned hemopericardium. The surgical act was followed by gross improvement
      of both constrictive phenomenon and angina pectoris which have grounded the
      prescription of anticoagulant therapy. Anticoagulant therapy is likely
      responsible of the hemopericardium. Such facts are exceptionals in the course of
      constrictive pericarditis; diagnostic and therapeutic problems related to this
      complication are studied. The question of angina pectoris in the course of acute
      and chronic pericarditis is briefly studied by the way of this observation.
      Attention is drawed on the danger of the prescription of anticoagulant therapy in
      the course of some constrictive pericarditides.

PMID- 1084670
TI  - Acute hemorrhagic gastritis--diagnosis and treatment.
AB  - Approximately 10-20% of patients admitted with acute gastrointestinal bleeding
      suffer from hemorrhagic erosive gastritis. A material of 36 patients is presented
      and the literature reviewed. The moderate bleeders stop bleeding within hours to
      a few days and the majority may safely be managed conservatively, i.e. with blood
      transfusions. The severe bleeders continue to bleed for a long time and surgery
      is often required. Different operative procedures have been suggested. The
      mortality in this group of patients is high--nearly 30%, and the frequency of
      postoperative rebleeding is also high. It is concluded that there is no absolute
      operative procedure of choice but vagotomy combined with subtotal gastrectomy
      offer the best protection against rebleeding. Treatment with selective
      application of vasoconstrictors is mentioned.

PMID- 1084671
TI  - [T-lymphocyte subpopulation in the blood of patients with chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia].
AB  - In 40 healthy subjects and 80 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)
      rosette formation test with sheep erythrocytes subjected to the action of
      neuraminidase (nRTB), immunofluorescent investigation of membrane immunoglobulins
      (BIg) and a combined test (nRTB + BIg) were performed. The relative number of
      rosette-forming cells (T lymphocytes) was much lower in the group of CLL patients
      (0.16 +/- 0.08 1/1) than in controls (0.64 +/- 0.12 1/1). The absolute number of
      T lymphocytes (BLLT) was, however, significantly higher in patients with CLL 5.1
      +/- 4.4 G/L) than in controls (0.98 +/- 0.28 G/L). The relative number of
      bireceptor cells was 0.0045 +/- 0.0093 1/1 in CLL patients and that of null-cells
      0.24 +/- 0.17 1/1. Analogous values in the control group were 0.0089 +/- 0.009
      1/1 and 0.21 +/- 0.091 1/1. The possible causes of this rise in the absolute
      number of T lymphocytes in CLL may by: 1) proliferation of both subpopulations of
      lymphocytes, 2) reaction of T lymphocytes against leukaemic cells, 3)
      disturbances of equilibrium between B and T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084672
TI  - [The twin transfusion syndrome].

PMID- 1084673
TI  - B, T and null lymphocytes in newborn infants and their mothers.
AB  - Estimation of B, T and null cells were performed on 29 newborn healthy babies and
      16 mothers. The lymphocytes were isolated from peripheral venous blood, which is
      considered to be more representative of the immune state in the newborn than the
      cord blood. B lymphocytes were estimated by cytofluorometric measurements, T
      lymphocytes by sheep red blood cell rosette technique, (SRBC-R). Combined
      immunofluorescence and SRBC-R technique revealed the null cells. In the newborn
      babies the amount of B and T cells were found to be diminished. In the mothers
      the amount of B lymphocytes were low compared with normal adults. The rather high
      null cell percentage found in the babies might represent immature precursor
      cells. Mothers seem to be immuno-depressed as reflected in the low amount of B
      cells.

PMID- 1084674
TI  - Response of human lymphocytes to mitogenic stimuli after irradiation in vitro.
AB  - Human lymphocytes were exposed to varying doses of roentgen irradiation in vitro
      and thereafter tested for reactivity to different polyclonal mitogens and
      antigens using DNA synthesis as a marker for viability. The dose response
      profiles obtained indicate that there are two subpopulations of lymphocytes which
      are responsive to phytohaemagglutinin, poke weed mitogen, concanavalin A and
      allogeneic cells. One is relatively sensitive to radiation and the other is
      relatively resistant. However, no "resistant" PPD-tuberculin responsive cell
      population could be detected. Irradiated lymphocyte populations enriched for T
      cells exhibited both a sensitive and a resistant PHA-responsive population,
      whereas cell populations enriched for B-cells only exhibited a radiation
      sensitive one.

PMID- 1084675
TI  - Reisolation and characterization of Haemophilus influenzae-murium.
AB  - Twenty-three Haemophilus influenzae-murium strains were isolated from the
      nasopharynx of healthy CFLP white mice. Microbiological characterization of the
      cultures confirmed the taxonomic position of the organisms which had become
      problematic due to the loss of the original isolates. The type strain proposed,
      EO1, is available from the Hungarian National Collection of Medical Bacteria,
      National Institute of Public Health, Budapest as 95001.

PMID- 1084676
TI  - Perceptions of the use of drugs--a cross-sectional analysis.
AB  - Samples of six specific groups were surveyed regarding their differential
      perceptions of the use of drugs. Current use was discussed in terms of
      comparisons of different groups' ratings of each group, comparisons of
      differential use of drugs by each group and comparisons between each groups'
      perception of its own use and its perception of use by other groups.

PMID- 1084677
TI  - Isolation of porcine urinary kallikrein.

PMID- 1084678
TI  - Purification of kallikrein from cat submaxillary gland.
AB  - Cat submaxillary kallikrein was purified from the water extract of the gland by
      50-75% acetone fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography, Sephadex G-75
      gel filtration and Ampholine isoelectric focusing. The final preparation gave the
      activities of 1260 KU/mg in vasodilator assay, 24.5 and 11.6 units/mg on BAEE and
      TAME esterolytic assay, respectively. Trasylol gave only weak inhibitory effect
      on this kallikrein. The isoelectric points of the kallikrein were in the range pH
      4.2-5.0, and this kallikrein seemed to consist of several multiple forms with
      different pI values, like some other glandular kallikreins. It gave a single
      protein band in disc electrophoresis, while it migrated in retard and formed a
      broad one. This may be ascribable to the rich carbohydrate content in the
      kallikrein.

PMID- 1084679
TI  - Prekallikein and kallikrein inhibitor in liver cirrhosis and hepatitis.
AB  - Plasma prekallikrein (kallikreinogen) and kallikrein inhibitor, assayed with the
      kaolin activable esterase method, have been evaluated in 20 patients with hepatic
      cirrhosis, in 12 cases with jaundice from acute viral hepatitis, and in 9 normal.
      A significant reduction of the plasma prekallikrein in cirrhosis has been found.
      A lowering of plasma prekallikrein has also been observed in viral hepatitis; in
      this condition, however, the modifications were less important than those
      obtained in cirrhosis. In three cases of hepatitis, the behaviour of the plasma
      prekallikrein and kallikrein inhibitor have been controlled during the period of
      the disease and compared with the behaviour of some conventional parameters, such
      as serum transaminases and bilirubin. An important increase of the prekallikrein
      level has been observed during the improvement of hepatitis. These data confirm
      the implication of the prekallikrein-kallikrein system in severe liver diseases,
      and indirectly points out the role of the liver in maintaining the physiological
      balance of the kallikrein system.

PMID- 1084680
TI  - Isolation of porcine submaxillary kallikrein.

PMID- 1084681
TI  - Histamine and kallikrein system in man.
AB  - Histamine infusion modifies the kallikrein system, studied by kaolin contact
      method, in man. The main modifications are the increase of the spontaneous
      esterase activity and the prekallikrein lowering. Apparently the histamine
      administration activates the kallikrein, and consequently a release of kinin can
      take place.

PMID- 1084683
TI  - A system of operations for skull base tumors.

PMID- 1084682
TI  - Plasmatic prekallikrein and kallikrein inhibitor in pregnancy, labor and in
      newborn.
AB  - In order to reveal the possible physiological role of the kallikrein during the
      stress of birth, the prekallikrein and kallikrein inhibitor were evaluated in 15
      pregnant women and in 15 newborns from terminated pregnancies. The results show a
      very low level of prekallikrein in the funiculus blood at the moment of birth and
      a still lower level in venous blood 24 hours after birth. No important changes
      resulted in the mother's blood either in pregnancy, nor at the end of the labour.

PMID- 1084684
TI  - Monitoring tissue oxygenation of the heart after myocardial revascularization.
AB  - A polarographic technique capable of simultaneous monitoring of myocardial tissue
      oxygen tension (MPO2) and intramyocardial electrograms by way of the same
      electrodes has been developed. Initially, the method was evaluated in dogs to
      verify the appropriateness of the directional changes of MPO2 in function of
      selected determinants of myocardial oxygen supply (regional coronary blood flow,
      arterial blood oxygen tension) and demand (heart rate, force of ventricular
      contraction). A combined reduction of MPO2 and elevation of the S-T segment in
      the corresponding electrograms was observed only when a 50 percent or greater
      reduction of blood flow to the sampled area was effected. Subsequently, in nine
      patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery, MPO2 was measured from 48 areas
      for 2 weeks postoperatively. In 11 normal and 31 revascularized areas, MPO2
      increased during the postoperative period. In four areas subsequently found to be
      supplied by occluded grafts MPO2 decreased from 12.7 +/- 3.1 (mean +/- standard
      error) to 10.1 +/- 3.3 mm Hg (P less than 0.05). In two areas, MPO2 decreased
      during the 3rd postoperative day from 16 to 3 and from 14 to 4.2 mm Hg,
      respectively. This reduction was attended by a significant rise in the S-T
      segment of the corresponding electrograms. This finding preceded by 24 hours
      standard electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction. This technique
      appears to be sensitive and reliable, and thereby capable of enhancing the
      management of patients during the high risk early postoperative period after
      coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1084685
TI  - Gastrointestinal bleeding and iron absorption in the experimental blind loop
      syndrome.
AB  - Rats with surgically created self-filling jejunal blind loops and the blind loop
      syndrome manifested gastrointestinal bleeding and hyperabsorption of iron.
      Although the mean hematocrit and serum iron levels of rats with self-filling
      blind loops became overtly anemic and manifested low-serum iron levels. It is
      suggested that the documented gastrointestinal bleeding in these rats with the
      experimental blind loop syndrome is another manifestation of damage to the
      intestinal epithelium in conditions of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.

PMID- 1084686
TI  - Immunologic and electronmicroscopic characteristics of a case of immunoblastic
      lymphadenopathy.
AB  - A new disease entity of the lymphoid system has recently been reported by Lukes
      and Tindle as immunoblastic lymphadenopathy and by Frizzera and associates as
      angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia. Reported herein are
      cytologic, histologic, ultrastructural and immunologic studies of several tissues
      of a patient with this disorder. In addition to confirming the previous
      observations that the main cellular constituents in the affected tissue consist
      of immunoblast, plasmacytoid lymphocytes and plasma cells, the authors have
      demonstrated a profound deficiency of T lymphocytes in this patient. The
      previously described amorphous interstitial material appears to represent
      multiple small cytoplasmic fragments. The histiocytic component, which appears in
      variable amounts in this disease, in the reported case was very active in
      phagocytizing cellular and nuclear debris, some of which appeared to be
      lymphocytic in origin. A rubella infection preceded the onset of the disorder by
      3 months.

PMID- 1084687
TI  - alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1084688
TI  - alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency and liver disease in children.
AB  - This report describes the clinical, biochemical, and hepatic morphologic findings
      in ten children with severe serum alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Genetic protease
      inhibitor (Pi) phenotyping, using acid-starch gel and crossed antigen-antibody
      electrophoresis, demonstrated Pi phenotype ZZ in all our cases. In eight
      patients, manifestations of liver disease appeared during the first year of life.
      The case reports show that alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency should be suspected in
      any child with neonatal hepatitis, unexplained hepatomegaly or splenomegaly, or
      cirrhosis. In our report, one infant is normal at age 6 months, and one infant
      had progressive hepatic damage that culminated in liver failure and death at age
      6 months. The variable clinical course and prognosis for infants with severe
      alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency is well illustrated by these two infants.

PMID- 1084689
TI  - Crohn's disease of the appendix presenting as lower intestinal hemorrhage and
      cecal mass.

PMID- 1084690
TI  - The radiology corner: metastasis to the colon.
AB  - This case serves to illustrate the multiple routes which may occur in the
      dissemination of carcinoma of the stomach of the large bowel. Spread along the
      gastrocolic ligament involves the superior aspect of the transverse colon with
      limitation laterally by the phrenicocolic ligament. Once ascites has developed
      there is spread along the superior border of the sigmoid and lateral margin of
      the right side of the colon.

PMID- 1084691
TI  - Comparison of longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis: maternal age and
      stillbirth ratio.
AB  - Previous studies have reported a U or J shaped association between stillbirth
      ratio and maternal age and have led to attempts to determine the causes behind
      the association. These analyses have generally been based on cross-sectional
      data. This study contrasts the descriptions of the association resulting from
      cross-sectional and the more appropriate longitudinal analysis of the same body
      of data. It is concluded that cross-sectional analysis substantially
      underestimates the maternal age of which stillbirth ratio reaches a minimum for
      each birth order examined. Additionally, the basic shape of the relationship is
      sometimes altered. Weighted logistic polynomial regression is used to describe
      the associations. Traditional interpretations of the results of a cross-sectional
      analysis have been that women who postpone childbearing until the late twenties
      thereby increase their risk of stillbirth. A consequence of the present findings
      is the rejection of the claim that women who choose employment during the period
      of their early twenties automatically incur elevated risk of stillbirth in their
      postponed pregnancies.

PMID- 1084692
TI  - Marked cyclic leukocytosis-leukopenia in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - A spontaneous oscillation of the white blood cell count was observed in a 58 year
      old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Similar cyclic variations were
      noted in the platelet and reticulocyte counts with no apparent alterations in
      marrow cellularity to account for such changes. Since direct correlation was
      noted between white blood cells, platelets, and reticulocyte counts versus spleen
      size, it suggests that splenic hemopoiesis may be responsible for these cyclic
      changes. A possible inverse relationship between colony-stimulating factor (CSF)
      activity and the white blood cell count was noted, suggesting that CSF may be the
      humoral agent controlling granulocyte production. A direct correlation between
      the white blood cell count and serum unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity
      (UBBC) and lysozyme was also noted and further supports the concept that the
      latter two are measures of the granulocyte pool and metabolism. An inverse
      relationship between CSF activity and the UBBC suggests that these may be two
      different entities. Finally a modified form of standard chemotherapy may be
      effective in inducing remission in cases of CML with marked cyclic leukocytosis
      leukopenia.

PMID- 1084693
TI  - Massive colonic bleeding and oral contraceptive "pills".
AB  - Two patients on oral contraceptives who developed massive colonic bleeding have
      been presented. The clinical course and various studies suggest the mesenteric
      insufficiency syndrome as being a possible result of oral contraceptive effect on
      mesenteric vasculature. Although no definite histologic confirmation is
      available, the onset, course, and follow-up of these patients suggest
      contraceptive-induced massive colonic bleeding. The spectrum of oral
      contraceptive-induced colonic bleeding may vary from mucosal injury with massive
      colonic bleeding to transmural infarction. Only the clinical follow-up would
      determine the severity of the involvement and that would determine whether
      surgical intervention  will be necessary.

PMID- 1084694
TI  - Miotic drugs: a review of ocular, visual, and systemic complications.
AB  - Cholinergic drugs and anticholinesterases have caused ocular complications
      including cataracts, iris cysts, retinal detachment, iritis, increased
      intraocular tension, allergic and toxic reactions, and hypermia. The visual
      complications include accommodative spasm; myopia and reduced visual acuity;
      changes in vision sensitivity, dark adaptation, and visual fields; and
      discomfort. The systemic complications are those common to cholinergic drugs and
      anticholinesterases. This review is intended as a ready reference to the drugs
      that cause such effects and source material.

PMID- 1084695
TI  - The development of the Generation II as an aid for patients with retinitis
      pigmentosa and night blindness.
AB  - The Generation II is a modification of the Army's night photography/observation
      instrumentaton. Low levels of light are intensified approximately 700 times to
      stimulate cone function. The individual with no rod function is able to see at
      night under these intensified amounts of illumination. The device can be used for
      night "spotting and mobility" purposes, much like a telescope is used during the
      day by the partially-sighted with intact rod function and poor cone function.
      This paper is presented to inform the optometrist of the availability and
      usefullness of this device for his patients.

PMID- 1084696
TI  - Clinical observation of posterior polymorphous dystrophy.
AB  - The clinical picture of this dominant corneal endothelial dystrophy is
      illustrated with a series of case histories. Differential diagnosis is considered
      both from the clinical manifestations and from the histopathological evaluation
      of degenerate corneal tissue.

PMID- 1084697
TI  - Genetic control of the immune response to poly(Glu52Lys33Tyr15) in neonatally
      thymectomized high and low responder rats.
AB  - The immune response to poly (Glu52Lys33Tyr15) is under polygenic control and
      linked to the major histocompatibility complex of the rat. Aggregation of this
      antigen with methylated bovine serum albumin (MeBSA) eliminates the expression of
      genetic control by increasing the response of low responders and decreasing that
      of high responders. Humoral and cellular aspects of the immune response to both
      unaggregated and aggregated poly (Glu52Lys33Tyr15) were investigated in
      neonatally thymectomized high-responder ACI and low-responder F344 rats. T cells
      are necessary for responses to unaggregated poly (Glu52Lys33Tyr15) since
      thymectomy significantly decreased numbers of antibody-forming cells and serum
      antibody levels, and delayed hypersensitivity responses and antigen-induced in
      vitro proliferation. However, thymectomy had no significant effect on these
      parameters of immune responsiveness in either ACI or F344 rats immunized with
      poly (Glu52Lys33Tyr15)/MeBSA. Aggregation also increased IgG production and
      delayed hypersensitivity and antibody affinity in low responders.

PMID- 1084698
TI  - alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in regulation of ionic transport in frog
      cornea.
AB  - The effect of catecholamines and adrenergic blocking agents on the transport of
      Cl- and Na+ of the isolated frog cornea was studied. Cl- transport was stimulated
      by the three catecholamines tested at 10(-6) to 10(-5) M concentration. The
      stimulation produced by 10(-6) M epinephrine was partially inhibited by both the
      alpha-blocker phentolamine and the beta blocker propranolol. The stimulation
      produced by 10(-6) M isoproterenol was not affected by 10(-5) M phentolamine but
      was completely prevented by 10(-5) M propranolol. The stimulation produced by 10(
      5) M norepinephrine was completely blocked by the 10(-5) M propranolol and
      partially by 10(-5) M phentolamine. Catecholamines had no effect on the normally
      small Na+ transport. When the Na+ transport was previously increased by
      amphotericin B, epinephrine and isoproterenol produced a small and inconsistent
      stimulatory effect. Norepinephrine was without effect. It is concluded that both
      alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors are present in the frog cornea and that the
      Cl- transport is increased by the stimulation of either receptor. The minimal
      effect on the Na+ transport further suggests the separation of pathways of the Cl
      and Na+ transport in the frog cornea.

PMID- 1084699
TI  - Inhibition of H+ secretion in the frog gastric mucosa by ATP and related
      compounds.
AB  - Addition of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the nutrient (submucosal-facing)
      solution of the histamine-stimulated in vitro frog (Rana pipiens) gastric mucosa
      produces a marked reduction in the H+ secretory rate and an increase in
      transmucosal potential difference (PD) and resistance in both Cl- and Cl-free
      media. The effects are reversible upon removal of ATP. The threshold
      concentration is between 1 and 2 mM, and 5 mM produce maximal inhibition. It is
      shown that the effects of ATP are not due to a change in pH or osmolarity of the
      nutrient fluid, or to a decrease in the Ca2+ and/or Mg2+ activities of the
      nutrient fluid. It is also shown that the inhibitory action of ATP is not
      dependent on a chelation complex between Ca2+ or Mg2+. Adenosine diphosphate also
      produces effects essentially the same as ATP whereas 5'-adenosine monophosphate
      and adenosine produce relatively little or no change.

PMID- 1084700
TI  - Snake venom ophthalmia and blindness caused by the spitting cobra (Naja
      nigricollis) in Nigeria.
AB  - Venom entered the eyes of 9 patients spat at by the spitting cobra, Naja
      nigricollis. In 5 the only effect was a simple conjunctivitis but 4 had corneal
      ulceration, 1 developed anterior uveitis indicating absorption of venom in the
      anterior chamber, and 2 were permanently blinded. Treatment of this rare
      emergency is discussed: immediate irrigation of the eye with water, careful
      examination for corneal abrasion, and prevention of secondary infection are
      recommended. The value of local specific antivenom is unproven.

PMID- 1084701
TI  - Bleeding from stapler anastomosis.
AB  - Three patients with massive bleeding after stapler-performed intestinal
      anastomosis are reported on. Two patients required secondary operation for
      control. The cause was mechanical instrument failure. Periodic in vitro testing
      is recommended as a preventive measure.

PMID- 1084702
TI  - Age-related changes in the proteolytic enzymes of mammalian lens.
AB  - A longitudinal study has been conducted on three exopeptidases which include an
      esterase, leucine aminopeptidase, and a triglycinopeptidase and two
      endopeptidases, a neutral protease and a proteinase or catheptic activity in
      bovine lenses. The esterase and leucine aminopeptidase behave similarily showing
      increased activities with aging. Triglycinopeptidase has a somewhat lower order
      of magnitude when compared to the other exopeptidases. The neutral protease shows
      initially high activity early in the developmental life period, whereas, the
      proteinase or catheptic activity indicates a continuous increase with aging. Data
      whereas, the proteinase or catheptic activity indicates a continuous increase
      with aging. Data is also provided on enzymic activity in the different sections
      of the lens which include the combined anterior cortex and epithelium, lens
      nucleus, posterior cortex, and equatorial ring.

PMID- 1084703
TI  - EOG: light test and dark test.
AB  - The EOG test is divided into two parts: a light and a dark test. The adaptation
      period is extended to 30 min. During this adaptation period the luminance in the
      cabin decreases (or increases) slowly to the starting value of the light or dark
      step. In a model, we studied the influence of this ramplike luminance course on
      the results. Standard values for the test were calculated with 30 test persons.
      Our test results show a lower relative standard deviation (V = 10%) compared with
      earlier published results.

PMID- 1084704
TI  - Experimental Fibroplasia in the rabbit vitreous. Retinal detachment induced by
      autologous fibroblasts.
AB  - Fibroblasts were cultured from autologous dermal connective tissue of albino
      rabbits and implanted (1 X 10(6)-3 X 10(6) cells) into the vitreous space of 18
      rabbit eyes under sterile surgical conditions. In 13 eyes a distinct growth of
      the cells occurred, and vitreous strands were formed. In 9 eyes a retinal
      detachment followed, and in some it was associated with traction of optic nerve
      tissue into the vitreous. The proliferating fibroblasts produced collagen fibrils
      showing a band period of 45-55 nm. Intravitreal collagen formation is considered
      to be a pathologic phenomenon capable of inducing the development of vitreous
      retraction and retinal detachment.

PMID- 1084705
TI  - [Intraocular pressure measurements on soft contact lenses (author's transl)].
AB  - The pneumotonograph was evaluated for its capability to record and measure
      intraocular pressure through soft contact lenses. In a series of patients with
      chronic corneal diseases treated with soft contact lenses, good pressure and
      intraocular pulsations were recorded both with and without the soft lenses. Areas
      of scarred cornea give incorrect values, whereas areas of corneal edema give
      values similar to those obtained in the presence of a soft lens and are believed
      to reflect accurate and reliable pressure readings. In normal eyes, it has been
      found that the presence of a plain soft lens does not modify the accuracy of
      pressure measurement. High values do occur, however, when the refraction of the
      lens exceeds eight diopters.

PMID- 1084706
TI  - [Problems in the determination of color coordinates after the visual comparison
      method on the fundus of the eye (author's transl)].
AB  - A short description of color measurements on the fundus according to the method
      of visual comparison. The Zeiss Fundus camera equipped with an attachment served
      as the basic instrument. The method will not have clinical value until exact
      statistical values for the range of error of the different methods of measurement
      are available. A large number of color measurements in a short period of time on
      one patient's eye for gauging purposes is not possible. Therefore series of
      measurements are carried out on a phantom eye in order to determine the range of
      error in the color measurements under different conditions. Description of the
      results. The accuracy of the measurements which can be reached under ideal
      conditions with the phantom eye cannot always be reached with the patient's eye.
      Description of a model case for further series of measurements. The same errors
      of measurement appeared for reddish, yellow-orangeish, and almost white color
      areas. The fact that the adjustable lamp had to be replaced had practically no
      consequences. A series of measurements conducted according to the highest and
      lowest luminary densities allowed by the German Industrial Norms justifies the
      decision to limit the luminary density for the color measurements on the ocular
      fundus to 40 to 70 asb. Under the described conditions the error of measurement
      is smaller than is necessary clinically.

PMID- 1084707
TI  - Concomitant Subdural and Preretinal hemorrhage.
AB  - A case report is presented of a patient with a chronic subdural hematoma, who
      only once had a short episode of central nervous signs. The outstanding symptom
      was a seemingly spontaneous introcular hemorrhage, ipsilateral to the subdural
      hematoma. The mechanism of the ocular manifestation is discussed.

PMID- 1084708
TI  - Indentification and radioimmunologic estimation of sexual steroid hormones in
      aqueous humor and vitreous of rabbit eye.
AB  - The occurrence of testosterone, estrone, and estradiol-17 alpha in aqueous humor
      and vitreous body of the rabbit eye was demonstrated. The identity of the steroid
      hormones was confirmed by their chromatographic properties, microreactions, and
      radiochemically by crystallization to constant specific activity of their labeled
      acetates. The levels of testosterone and estrogens in rabbit male and female
      plasma, aqueous, and vitreous were determined by radioimmunologic assay. The
      concentrations of the steroid hormones in plasma are higher than in aqueous and
      vitreous. However, testosterone in aqueous circulates in free form and lacks the
      binding to sexual hormone-binding globulin as in plasma.

PMID- 1084709
TI  - [Experimental ultrasonography of the rabbit eye (author's transl)].
AB  - In 20 adult rabbits of the Gelbsilber-strain the axial depth of the anterior
      chamber, the axial thickness of the lens, and 7 different diameters of the
      vitreous chamber were measured by means of bioechometry for standardization of
      the to date neglected experimental ultrasonography of animal eyes. For proper
      interpretation of echograms of the rabbit eye the particular anatomy and
      topography of the lens must be considered. Penetration of the large and almost
      spherical lens by the beam can only be avoided if the probe is placed behind the
      limbus or behind the equator of the globe. In the axial ultrasonogram the high
      single peaked echo of the posterior lens capsule appears between the third and
      fourth fifth of the entire axial length. In all other types of echogram the beam
      passes through peripheral sections of the lens oblique, and produces several
      small echoes, thus eventually simulating a pathologic echogram of the vitreous
      body.

PMID- 1084710
TI  - Antibiotic prophylaxis in penetrating injuries of the eye.
AB  - In a specially developed experimental model of an infected penetrating eye injury
      the importance of time and mode of antibiotic administration in the prophylaxis
      of post-traumatic eye infection was evaluated. It was concluded that the early
      administration of an antibiotic to which infecting organisms are sensitive can
      prevent the development of an inflammatory reaction in the majority of injured
      eyes. The late administration of the same antibiotic (6 h after injury) has no
      effect at all. Subconjunctival injection was found to be superior to
      intramuscular if the antibiotic was given at a similar time after injury. The
      results of this experiment stress the importance of very early antibiotic
      administration in the prophylaxis of an infection in penetrating eye injuries.

PMID- 1084711
TI  - [Contribution on the infraocular optics (author's transl)].
AB  - Experience indicates that a person will have a comfortable vision only if the
      sizes of the image in both eyes are approximately equal; a tolerance of
      approximately 5% is acceptable for this. In other words both optical systems,
      consisting of a spectacle lens, a contact lens, and the eye must have
      approximately the same focal length. Patients who have one phacic and one aphacic
      eye will usually possess quite different focal lengths with conventional contact
      lens correction. However, with the addition of spectacles and of appropriate
      contact lenses on one or both eyes, the ophthalmologist has at his disposal a new
      variable. The given formulas and rules of thumb enable him to choose the strength
      of spectacles-contact lens combinations so that the patient will also have sharp
      vision in both eyes and regain a comfortable binocular sight. The method is
      illustrated by examples.

PMID- 1084712
TI  - [On the ultrastructure of proliferative changes (cell metaplasia) in the retinal
      pigment epithelium over malignant melanomas of the choroid (author's transl)].
AB  - Proliferations of the retinal pigment epithelium over malignant melanomas of the
      choroid from three human eyes were examined at various locations: 1. at the
      posterior pole, 2. in the equator region, 3. at the ora serrata. The observation
      was made that in each proliferation one cell type dominates which could be
      distinguished by its shape and cytoplasm from those of the other proliferations.
      Only the cells of the proliferation at the posterior pole correspond with the
      normal pigment epithelium. Most of the cells in the equator region show several
      properties of glia cells whereas these of the ora resemble fibroblasts. Our
      findings suggest that the proliferated pigment epithelium over malignant
      melanomas of the choroid is capable of undergoing metaplastic changes.

PMID- 1084713
TI  - Glucocorticoids and intraocular pressure: an experimental study.
AB  - The state of intraocular pressure and aqueous humor dynamics as well as
      histomorphologic and histochemical change of the eye tissues as a result of
      administration of glucocorticoids were studied in 62 rabbits. After
      administration of glucocorticoids by instillations and subconjunctival injections
      there was a trend toward increased intraocular pressure but no statistically
      significant change in the intraocular pressure was demonstrated. When
      glucocorticoids were administered for 1 month, a significant increase in
      production and outflow of aqueous humor was established. Continuation of the
      experiments for 2 months or longer was accompanied by a significant decrease of
      the outflow facility coefficient and inhibition of aqueous humor formation.
      Histologic and histochemical examinations of the eyes of the rabbits studied for
      2 months revealed marked dystrophic changes in the trabecular meshwork tissues.

PMID- 1084714
TI  - [4 cases of digestive hemorrhage as sequelae of laryngectomy].

PMID- 1084715
TI  - T and B lymphocyte rosettes in bronchial asthma.
AB  - In this study the percentage of T and B lymphocytes was not significantly
      different between asthmatics and normal subjects. However, the absolute number of
      T and B lymphocytes was lower in asthmatics, which supports the hypothesis that
      atopy may be associated with immunodeficiency state.

PMID- 1084716
TI  - Increase in E-rosettes after transfer factor (TF) treatment: fractionation of TF.
AB  - The effect of transfer factor (TF) on E-rosettes (ER) was studied in vivo in a
      patient with Hodgkin's disease. Transfer factor was given in doses of 10 units/sq
      m intramuscularly. The ER forming cells and the ER scores were determined. The ER
      score method took into account the number of erythrocytes in each rosette. The
      increase in ER score was maximum at 24 hours and it declined during the following
      one to two weeks. It was suggested that TF may have to be given more frequently
      than indicated by the persistence of skin reactivity. TF was fractionated with
      high pressure liquid chromatography. Fraction 2 increased ER in a patient with
      Schwannoma. Non-specificity of TF was also discussed.

PMID- 1084717
TI  - Electrical promotion of soft tissue repairs.

PMID- 1084718
TI  - Follow-up of patients with saphenous vein bypass grafts for angina pectoris.
AB  - These studies are in agreement with others that aortocoronary vein grafts done
      for severe angina pectoris are associated with a low operative and late mortality
      rate. Most patients were significantly improved in regard to pain and exercise
      tolerance. "Optimal" graft site is associated with a graft patency rate of about
      90 per cent. There is clear evidence that left ventricular function, particularly
      with exercise, is improved in some patients. When a graft is placed in an
      obstructed coronary artery supplying a segment of abnormally contracting
      myocardium, there frequently is significant improvement of contraction when the
      graft remains patent.

PMID- 1084719
TI  - Ruptured submucosal gastric artery microaneurysm.
AB  - A patient with massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage from a ruptured
      submucosal gastric artery microaneurysm is described. Intraoperative diagnosis
      was made and wedge resection of the lesion resulted in survival of the patient.
      Forty-two cases in this entity have been reported in the literature, with
      nonoperative therapy being uniformly fatal; there were only four cases of
      successful surgical management. An increased awareness of this entity in cases of
      unexplained gastrointestinal hemorrhage is the key to diagnosis and successful
      management.

PMID- 1084720
TI  - Operation for acute coronary occlusion.

PMID- 1084721
TI  - [Physiology, changes and most important tests in the mechanism of blood
      coagulation and hemostasis].

PMID- 1084722
TI  - Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and pancreatic fibrosis.
AB  - A 39-year-old woman with homozygous ZZ alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency was found to
      have pancreatic fibrosis in addition to the recognized pulmonary and hepatic
      abnormalities. Pancreatic exocrine function was normal but endocrine studies
      showed glucose intolerance. Pancreatic fibrosis may be another manifestation of
      alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1084723
TI  - Coronary artery surgery: the use of decision analysis.
AB  - The choice between coronary by-pass surgery and medical therapy in patients with
      angiographically documented coronary artery disease was examined. This decision
      analysis included consideration of patient preferences, severity of disease,
      prognosis with medical therapy, surgical mortality rate, graft patency rate, the
      probability that surgery will provide both short-term and long-term pain relief,
      and the probability that surgery will alter long-term survival. Coronary surgery
      was found to be the preferred therapy in many patients with disabling angina; it
      was rarely found to be the preferred therapy in asymptomatic patients, even those
      with proximal obstruction of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The
      therapeutic decision was strongly affected by differences in patient attitudes
      and differences in the past results of the prospective surgeon. This paper
      presents both a data base and a methodology that allow the physician to apply
      decision analysis to individual patients with coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1084724
TI  - Intestinal bypass operation as a treatment for obesity.
AB  - The intestinal bypass operation has come into wide use as a method for treating
      the grossly obese patient. Because it carries risks of morbidity and mortality,
      it is only suitable for those who meet certain minimal criteria. During the first
      year after surgery, weight loss varies from 9.1 to 68.0 kg [20 to 150 lb]. These
      patients have shown improved self-esteem and a reduction in the amount of
      depression. Mortality for this operation is approximately 4%; many serious
      complications (liver failure, pulmonary embolus, improper wound healing, severe
      loss of minerals, and vitamin deficiencies) occur. Hyperoxaluria may result from
      increased intestinal absorption. A dilated colon (pseudocolonic obstruction) may
      develop from bacterial overgrowth in the distal segment of the bypassed
      intestine. Since these serious complications affect 40% of the patients, the
      operation should be done by trained and skilled physicians who will also be able
      to manage the long-term postoperative period.

PMID- 1084725
TI  - [Aortocoronary bypass].
AB  - Surgical revascularisation of the myocardium by aorto-coronary by-pass, has
      become in recent years, the operation of choice for the treatment of lesions of
      coronary arteriosclerosis. The quality of the results observed in our series, of
      200 operated patients, and those reported by other authors, is emphasized. The
      problems raised by extension of this surgery, especially in the precise pre
      operative assessment of ventricular function, the optimum material to use for
      realisatin of the graft and the course of coronary lesions after by-pass
      operations are then discussed.

PMID- 1084726
TI  - [Influence of injection of cortisone acetate on blast transformation and antibody
      dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in rabbit (author's transl)].
AB  - Inhibition of circulating antibody production by steroids has been repeatedly
      shown in steroid-sensitive animals such as mice or rabbits. It is well known that
      after a single injection of 5 mg of cortisone acetate, mouse spleen cells loose
      their ability to be transformed by B cell mitogens such as lipopolysaccharides or
      Nocardia water soluble mitogen. Therefore it was of interest to study in the
      rabbit the influence of cortisone on the reactivity of spleen cells to a B cell
      mitogen (blast transformation and polyclonal strimulation) and their ability to
      be cytotoxic in the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay. Our data
      demonstrate that the cells which mediate such a cytotoxicity are cortisone
      resistant whereas the B lymphocytes--which can be transformed and polyclonally
      activated by these mitogens--are sensitive to cortisone treatment.

PMID- 1084727
TI  - Characterization of an ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type B.
AB  - A 28-year-old female in Denver was found in early 1974 to have frontal sinusitis,
      osteomyelitis, and bacteremia due to Haemophilus influenzae, type B. The minimal
      inhibitory concentration of ampicillin for this organism was 100 mug/ml and the
      minimal bactericidal concentration was >100 mug/ml. It was inhibited by
      chloramphenicol at 0.4 mug/ml. Further studies demonstrated that ampicillin and
      methicillin were synergistic against this organism. It was shown to produce a
      diffusible beta-lactamase. Transferase of resistance from this organism to a
      susceptible Haemophilus parainfluenzae and a reciprocal transfer were
      accomplished. A test for transformation was negative as was a test for reversal
      of resistance by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

PMID- 1084728
TI  - [Precocious thrombotic obstruction of the aortocoronary bypass using the
      saphenous vein (anatomo-pathological study)].

PMID- 1084729
TI  - [Case of exterior acute infarct treated with aortocoronary bypass and plication
      of the left ventricle].

PMID- 1084730
TI  - [Role of exogenous factors in the development of intraepithelial lesions of the
      uterine cervix (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084731
TI  - [Research on V. cholerae anti-antibodies (agglutinating and vibriocidal) in
      patients affected by cholera-like gastroenteritis. Studies performed during the
      cholera epidemic occurred in Apulia in August-September 1973].
AB  - Agglutinating and vibriocidal antibody titers anti-V. cholerae of the serotypes
      Ogawa and Inaba, were determined in sera from 189 patients with cholera-like
      diarrheas during the epidemic of cholera occurred in August-September 1973, in
      Bari. Antibodies were determined in 74,2% of 70 patients, whose in the faeces and
      vomiting were isolated strains identified as V. cholerae, biotype El Tor,
      serotype Ogawa. This frequency was higher against the serotype Ogawa. The
      antibodies could be proved very early, 4-6 days from the beginning of
      symptomatology, but they disappeared as rapidly; really, at 2.3 months antibodies
      were determined in 7,7% only of the above mentioned subjects. As regards the
      other 119 patients with non-vibrio, cholera-like diarrheas, antibodies were
      determined in 28 subjects only; 27 of these has received cholera-vaccine some
      weeks before. One single case remained which was bacteriological negative, but
      showed signifcant agglutinating and vibriocidal antibody titers against the
      serotypes Ogawa and Inaba.

PMID- 1084732
TI  - Aortocoronary saphenous vein autograft accidentally attached to a coronary vein:
      follow-up angiography and surgical correction of the resultant arteriovenous
      fistula.
AB  - The fate of aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass graft to the left anterior
      descending (LAD) coronary vein is reported. The vein graft communicated with the
      coronary sinus through the proximal LAD vein, producing a functional coronary
      arteriovenous fistula. The LAD vein was totally occluded distally at follow-up
      four months after operation. The natural history of congenital fistulas between
      coronary arteries and the coronary sinus suggested that bacterial endocarditis,
      pulmonary hypertension, and cardiac failure were all possible future
      complications in this patient. Operation was performed to revascularize the LAD
      artery to relieve persistent angina, and to close the fistula. Postoperative
      angiography showed a patent graft to the LAD artery with complete obliteration of
      the fistula. The patient is asymptomatic ten months after operation.

PMID- 1084733
TI  - [An unusual case of massive bleeding from the upper gastro-intestinal tract
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084734
TI  - Gait analysis in stroke patients to assess treatments of foot-drop.
AB  - By using the combined, computerized analysis of stroboscopic photography, pattern
      recognition devices, electromyography and foot switch outputs, gait patterns were
      studied in 15 stroke patients with foot-drop. Three patients were treated with a
      peroneal nerve stimulator for five weeks; six received intensive physical
      therapy; and six received both physical therapy and biofeedback training three
      times a week for five weeks. Each patient was examined at initial visit and after
      five weeks. Based upon case evaluations, both the patients with the stimulator
      treatment and those with biofeedback training showed and maintained improvement
      of gait pattern following the treatment period. This result suggests that the
      biofeedback and peroneal-stimulator technique may have a common mechanism that
      should be exploited in the rehabilitation of stroke patients.

PMID- 1084735
TI  - Electrically induced flexion reflex in gait training of hemiplegic patients:
      induction of the reflex.
AB  - Since the introduction of the concept of functional electrical stimulation, the
      use of multiple stimulation sites to activate several paretic muscles in a
      coordinated fashion during ambulation has been suggested. Rather than stimulating
      multiple muscles, we have applied a train of electrical pulses to a single skin
      area to activate several muscles simultaneously through the induction of a
      flexion reflex, and evaluated the effectiveness of this reflex in producing or
      assisting the swing phase of the gait cycle in the hemiplegic patient. Two
      considerations in selecting the best stimulus site were (1) the magnitude of the
      reflex as measured by the length of time the foot was off the floor following a
      stimulus and (2) the patient's tolerance to the stimulus. The magnitude of the
      reflex was proportional to the strength of the stimulus current in all skin areas
      tested; namely the sole, dorsum of the foot, and lower posterior thigh. Of the
      six patients tested a flexion reflex was not elicitable by sole stimulation in
      one and by posterior thigh stimulation in another. In every case, compared to the
      two other areas, stimulation of the sole was best tolerated and produced
      responses of equal or greater magnitude with the same intensity of current, even
      though larger voltages were required owing to greater tissue impedances. With a
      fixed frequency of 30 Hz, a pulse duration of 3 msec, and a stimulus current
      sufficient to produce the reflex, the duration of the reflex could be adjusted
      for each patient by varying the train duration from 100 to 700 msec. This
      technique offers a means of providing or assisting the swing phase in the gait
      training of the hemiplegic patient.

PMID- 1084736
TI  - [Some biological aspects of cancer. Approach to a general theory of
      cancerogenesis].
AB  - Cancer is considered to be the consequence of internal evolutionary drives
      typical of species with open evolution (e.g. vertebrates) deficient in the
      primary teleonomic mechanisms underlying the maintenance of reproductive
      invariability. With this in mind, a biological test is hypothesized which would
      make it possible to identify and isolate substances from definitely non-variant
      species with the purpose of studying their influence on the morphogenetic
      processes that, at cytoplasmatic level, bring about the transformation of normal
      into neoplastic cells. On this basis it might be possible to establish an
      inhibition therapy to back up immunitary therapy as a complement to surgery and
      radiation.

PMID- 1084737
TI  - Endoscopic argon-ion laser phototherapy of bleeding gastric lesions.
AB  - An argon-ion laser, coupled to a flexible fiberoptic endoscope, was used to
      photocoagulate experimentally produced bleeding gastric ulcers in dogs. Argon-ion
      laser phototherapy rapidly and effectively achieved hemostasis in all bleeding
      ulcers. Bleeding arteries up to 2 mm in diameter were photocoagulated. Intact
      normal gastric mucosa was exposed to laser energy for varying periods of time to
      determine if transmural photothermal injury occurred. Exposure for greater than
      15 seconds at 1.0 w of throughput power caused microscopical evidence of
      transmural injury. Healed, laser-treated ulcers could not be differentiated from
      nontreated control ulcers or normal stomach one month after injury. The Beer law
      and the heattransfer factors relating to soft tissues are discussed. The coupled
      argon-ion laser-endoscope may be a safe tool to treat self-limited superficial
      bleeding gastric lesions.

PMID- 1084738
TI  - Subjective multivariable analysis bu computer for evaluation of coronary artery
      bypass.
AB  - Subjective multivariable analysis by computer was utilized to evaluate the
      results in a series of 659 patients undergoing coronary artery saphenous vein
      bypass surgery. A video terminal gave access to a remote computer. The
      postoperative subjective response was evaluated by questionnaires sent to
      patients at 6- to 12-month intervals, and was augmented by treadmill testing and
      postoperative coronary arteriography. Operative risk and subjective response are
      related only to the degree of ventricular function lost prior to surgery. Long
      term  results were best in patients in whom complete revascularization was
      possible. Current operative risk is less than 1%; a five-year survival rate of
      90% to 95% is predicted. More than 90% of patients were asymptomatic or "greatly
      improved." Postoperative treadmill tests were negative in 88% of patients in
      these groups. In patients who were only "slightly improved" or "not improved,"
      repeat catherization showed a graft patency rate of 84%, suggesting that
      recurrent symptoms were related to the extent of preoperative disease or to the
      progression of disease in nongrafted vessels, rather than to graft occlusion.

PMID- 1084739
TI  - Operative risk in patients with previous coronary artery bypass.
AB  - The records of 141 patients who had had coronary artery bypass and myocardial
      revascularization were reviewed. Fifteen percent (20) of the patients in this
      series required a surgical procedure from three months to five years following
      coronary artery bypass. Twelve percent (16) of these patients had elective
      operations, and 3% had emergency operations. In the elective group there were no
      deaths. One patient had a proved myocardial infarction, and three patients had
      transient arrhythmias with no changes in myocardial enzymes. In the emergency
      group there was one death, from sepsis following splenectomy for splenic abscess.
      Although the series is small, the data suggest that patients with coronary artery
      disease who have had myocardial revascularization are acceptable risks for
      elective and emergency operations. Whether the risk is lower in this group as
      compared to that in other patients with coronary disease who have not had bypass
      surgery has not been demonstrated.

PMID- 1084740
TI  - Histocompatibility studies and multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 1084741
TI  - Cerebellar-pontine angle tumors. Results of quantitative vestibulo-ocular
      testing.
AB  - A new quantitative vestibulo-ocular test battery was evaluated in 12 patients
      with surgically confirmed cerebellar-pontine angle tumors. The battery consisted
      of precise vestibular and visual stimuli and digital computer analyses of
      responses. Eleven of 12 patients, including all patients with acoustic
      neurolemmomas, had significant vestibular deficits on the tumor side (P less than
      .01). Contrary to previous reports, rotatory tests (impulse and sinusoidal
      acceleration) reliably identified the side and magnitude of vestibular deficit.
      Eight of nine patients with surgically confirmed brain stem compression had
      significantly impaired smooth pursuit (P less than .05). Optokinetic nystagmus
      was impaired in five of nine patients with brain stem compression (P less than
      .05). By combining the results of the entire test battery with standard clinical
      evaluation, a good prediction of tumor size, location, and type was possible.

PMID- 1084742
TI  - Letter: Color vision deficiencies in American youths.

PMID- 1084743
TI  - Influence of immunosuppression on antinuclear antibody and survival of wehi mice.
AB  - The effect of immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide was assessed in 200 male
      and female Walter and Eliza Hall Institute outbred mice which are known to
      develop antinuclear antibody (ANA). Their longevity and the incidence of ANA were
      studied in comparison with controls. In females, life-span was longer despite a
      higher age-related incidence of ANA. Cyclophosphamide significantly delayed the
      development of ANA in both sexes; despite this, life-span was decreased. This is
      in contrast to what occurs in the highly autoimmune NZB/NZW F1 hybrid mouse.
      Thus, in weakly autoimmune mice the toxic effects of cyclophosphamide outweighed
      any benefit resulting from suppression of antinuclear autoantibodies.

PMID- 1084744
TI  - Characterization of the normal lymphocyte population cytolytic to Burkitt's
      lymphoma cells of the EB2 cell line.
AB  - The normal human lymphocyte population which exhibits "spontaneous" cytolysis of
      EB2 Burkitt's lymphoma cells has been characterized. The effector cell has EA and
      EAC' receptors but lacks E receptors and probably surface Ig. "Spontaneous" anti
      EB2 cytotoxicity was not reduced by preincubation of the effector cells with
      plastic or iron carbonyl or by passage through cotton wool or agarose columns but
      was reduced by passage through nylon wool columns. Thymocytes were not cytotoxic
      to EB2 cells, and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells (of B cell characteristics)
      had reduced cytotoxicity compared with normal lymphocytes. Cells from various
      lymphoid organs of rats and guinea-pigs were also cytotoxic to EB2 cells with
      reactivity in spleen greater than or equal to blood greater than lymph nodes.
      Spleen cells from neonatally thymectomized rats had increased cytotoxicity
      compared with normal rat spleen cells, suggesting that T lymphocytes are not
      essential. The effector cell in rat spleen did not adhere to cotton wool or
      agarose columns, indicating some resemblance to its counterpart in human
      peripheral blood.

PMID- 1084745
TI  - Picosecond kinetics in reaction centers of Rps. sphaeroides and the effects of
      ubiquinone extraction and reconstitution.

PMID- 1084746
TI  - The effects of tandamine, a new potential antidepressant agent, on biogenic amine
      uptake mechanisms and related activities.

PMID- 1084747
TI  - Enhancement of the biological activity of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) by the
      adenosine deaminase inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin.

PMID- 1084748
TI  - Folate, catecholamines and bacterial respiration.

PMID- 1084749
TI  - Altered lymphocyte reactivity in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Blastogenic transformation of peripheral lymphocytes with phytohemagglutinin
      (PHA), conconavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) was studied in 29
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The PHA response was depressed in a
      subgroup of RA patients with erosive disease. The Con A response was also
      depressed and paralleled the PHA response. The PWM response was not depressed.
      These results lend support to the hypothesis of a functional defect of cellular
      immunity in RA. It was shown that lymphocyte responsiveness to a single mitogen
      concentration is not an adequate assessment of the overall responsiveness of the
      lymphocytes tested.

PMID- 1084750
TI  - Identification of antibodies to nuclear acidic antigens by
      counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - Saline extracts of rabbit thymus were found to contain many nuclear antigens that
      reacted with antibodies in the sera of patients with systemic rheumatic diseases.
      Counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) was used to detect antibodies to nuclear
      acidic protein (Sm), nuclear ribonucleoprotein (RNP), and antibody to nuclear
      antigen B, which was reported previously in Sjogren's syndrome. All these nuclear
      antigens behaved as anions with different mobilities in CIE and could be
      distinguished from one another by the locations of the precipitin lines. They
      could also be distinguished by the facts that the nuclear RNP precipitin lines
      were abolished by digestion with ribonuclease whereas others were unaffected, and
      that Sm precipitin lines developed later than other precipitin lines. With this
      technique antibody to nuclear RNP was detected in 46% of patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to 26% detected by the hemagglutination
      technique. Similarly the increased sensitivity of the CIE technique was able to
      show that antibody to B antigen was present in 12% of SLE patients, whereas this
      antibody was not detectable in the same group of patients by immunodiffusion.
      This study shows that CIE is a rapid and sensitive technique for detecting
      precipitating antibodies to a number of nuclear acidic antigens. Methods are
      described to identify the immunochemical specificities of the precipitin lines by
      the use of standard reference sera.

PMID- 1084751
TI  - Obstructive pulmonary disease in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Twenty-six of 43 patients (60.5%) with classic rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
      participating in a controlled, prospective study were found to have maximal
      midexpiratory flow rates (MMEFs) suggestive of obstructive pulmonary disease.
      Cigarette smokers with RA had significantly lower MMEFs than either nonsmokers
      with RA or smokers with degenerative joint disease. There was an increased
      prevalence of the Pi phenotype MS among the RA patients. Interstitial fibrosis,
      tobacco smoking, and protease inhibitor deficiencies were all significant factors
      in producing airway obstruction in patients with RA.

PMID- 1084752
TI  - [Bioavailability in the man of vitamin A in 2 pharmaceutical forms containing
      vitamin A and D 2].

PMID- 1084753
TI  - [Behavior of thymus-dependent and bursa-dependent lymphocytes (T and B) in some
      lymphoproliferative diseases].

PMID- 1084754
TI  - [Quantitative and qualitative aspects of immunoglobulins of the membrane of
      lymphocytes-B after irradiation in vitro].

PMID- 1084755
TI  - [Characterization and study of the origin of melanins isolated from the liver and
      skin of Rana esculenta L].

PMID- 1084756
TI  - [Effect of histamine on the transport of non-electrolytes across the gastric
      mucosa of Rana esculenta].

PMID- 1084757
TI  - [Structure and organization of the contractile proteins at the level of the Z and
      M bands in the sartorius muscles of Rana esculenta treated with methylxanthine
      (MX)].

PMID- 1084758
TI  - [Progressive muscular dystrophies in humans: micrographic aspects compared with
      striated muscles of Rana esculenta treated with methylxanthine (MX)].

PMID- 1084759
TI  - General anaesthesia for neuroradiology.

PMID- 1084760
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in a case of PH positive infant chronic
      myelogenous leukamia.

PMID- 1084761
TI  - Isolation and identification of the major concanavalin A binding glycoproteins
      from murine-lymphocytes.
AB  - The major glycoproteins which bind concanavalin A have been isolated and
      identified from murine spleen cells, thymocytes,and purified thymus-derived (T)
      lymphocytes, and from the spleen cells of congenitally athymic (nude) mice. The
      cells were radiolabeled by lactoperoxidase catalyzed 125I iodination or by
      culturing the cells in media containing [3H]leucine or [3H]fucose. The cell
      membrane was solubilized with Nonidet P-40 and the concanavalin A binding
      proteins were isolated by affinity chromatography and analyzed according to their
      mobility on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulfate. The
      major proteins from various lymphocyte preparations were identified by
      immunoprecipitation with specific antisera. The molecules coded by the
      histocompatibility-2 complex acted as concanavalin A binding proteins H-2K and H
      2D were isolated from T lymphocytes, thymocytes, and bone marrow derived (B)
      lymphocytes. The Ia antigens were identified from B lymphocytes and tentatively
      identified from T lymphocytes. In addition to these H-2 complex proteins,
      immunoglobulin M and D on B lymphocytes also bound concanavalin A binding. All
      these glycoproteins have previously been identified as cell surface molecules.
      The presence of certain minor unidentified concanavalin A binding proteins on
      lymphoid cells is indicated.

PMID- 1084762
TI  - Human plasma kallikreins and their inhibition by amidino compounds.
AB  - Human plasma kallikreins (EC 3.4.21.8) were purified as three distinct enzyme
      entities which hydrolyzed arginine esters and were active in releasing kinin from
      heated human plasma as measured by guinea pig ileum contraction bio-assay. The
      three enzymatically active fractions were termed as 19 S, 7 S-I and 7 S-II
      kallikreins. They represented purifications of 262- 2200- and 110-fold,
      respectively. These enzyme activities showed differences in physicochemical and
      biochemical properties as it appears from their elution profile on Sephadex G-200
      and DEAE-cellulose columns, affinity for substrates and susceptibility of
      inhibition by various protease inhibitors such as trasylol and soya bean trypsin
      inhibitor. The data suggest that all these three enzyme preparations were most
      likely kallikreins. All these three enzymes (19 S, 7 S-I and 7 S-II) were
      inhibited by a series of amidino compounds competitively. Diamidines consisting
      of two amidinophenyl residues linked in para position by molecular bridge were
      comparatively stronger inhibitors of all of three enzymes than those linked in
      meta position and those having single ring structure. The possibility that some
      of these amidino compounds might prove to be useful for treatment of disease
      states where the kallikrein-kinin system plays a role, is discussed.

PMID- 1084763
TI  - Delayed fluorescence from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides following single flashes.
AB  - Delayed fluorescence from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides chromatophores was studied
      with the use of short flashes for excitation. Although the delayed fluorescence
      probably arises from a back-reaction between the oxidized reaction center
      bacteriochlorophyll complex (P+) and the reduced electron acceptor (X-), the
      decay of delayed fluorescence after a flash is much faster (tau1/2 approximately
      120 mus) than the decay of P+X-. The rapid decay of delayed fluorescence is not
      due to the uptake of a proton from the solution, nor to a change in membrane
      potential. It correlates with small optical absorbance changes at 450 and 770 nm
      which could reflect a change in the state of X-. The intensity of the delayed
      fluorescence is 11-18-fold greater if the excitation flashes are spaced 2 s apart
      than it is if they are 30 s apart. The enhancement of delayed fluorescence at
      high flash repetition rates occurs only at redox potentials which are low enough
      (less than +240 mV) so that electron donors are available to reduce P+X- to PX-
      in part of the reaction center population. The enhancement decays between flashes
      as PX- is reoxidized to PX, as measured by the recovery of photochemical
      activity. Evidently, the reduction of P+X- to PX- leads to the storage of free
      energy that can be used on a subsequent flash to promote delayed fluorescence.
      The reduction of P+X- also is associated with a carotenoid spectral shift which
      decays as PX- is reoxidized to PX. Although this suggests that the free energy
      which supports the delayed fluorescence might be stored as a membrane potential,
      the ionophore gramicidin D only partially inhibits the enhancement of delayed
      fluorescence. With widely separated flashes, gramicidin has no effect on delayed
      fluorescence. At redox potentials low enough to keep X fully reduced, delayed
      fluorescence of the type described above does not occur, but one can detect weak
      luminescence which probably is due to phosphorescence of a protoporphyrin.

PMID- 1084764
TI  - Cordycepin and early effects of estradiol on the immature rat uterus.
AB  - Estradiol induces the synthesis of a specific protein fraction (IP) in the uterus
      of the immature rat. The injection of cordycepin (3' deoxyadenosine), an
      inhibitor of poly A synthesis, inhibits the synthesis of IP. This fact suggests
      that one of the earliest effects of estrogen is the production of Hn-RNA poly-A
      relative to IP. Moreover, using electron microscopy, the stimulation by estradiol
      of the nucleolus of the immature rat uterine epithelium has been shown.
      Cordycepin does not affect this stimulation to any appreciable extent.
      Biochemical studies (incorporation of radioactive stracers into NRA, affinity
      chromatography on poly U-Sepharose) carried out in parallel with and under
      conditions comparable to those used in electron microscopy show that cordycepin
      does not greatly affect the increase in ribosomal RNA observed under the effect
      of estradiol. The blocking of IP by cordycepin and the lack of inhibition at the
      nucleolus level under the same conditions, show that the two early effects of the
      action of estrogen on the immature rat uterus are not directly correlated.

PMID- 1084765
TI  - [Action potentials of the cellular structures of the atrio-ventricular region of
      the conducting system of the heart in atrio-ventricular rhythm].

PMID- 1084766
TI  - Sarcomere length dispersion in single skeletal muscle fibers and fiber bundles.
AB  - Light diffraction patterns produced by single skeletal muscle fibers and small
      fiber bundles of Rana pipiens semitendinosus have been examined at rest and
      during tetanic contraction. The muscle diffraction patterns were recorded with a
      vidicon camera interfaced to a minicomputer. Digitized video output was analyzed
      on-line to determine mean sarcomere length, line intensity, and the distribution
      of sarcomere lengths. The occurrence of first-order line intensity and peak
      amplitude maxima at approximately 3.0 mum is interpreted in terms of simple
      scattering theory. Measurements made along the length of a singel fiber reveal
      small variations in calculated mean sarcomere length (SD about 1.2%) and its
      percent dispersion (2.1% +/- 0.8%). Dispersion in small multifiber preparations
      increases approximately linearly with fiber number (about 0.2% per fiber) to a
      maximum of 8-10% in large bundles. Dispersion measurements based upon diffraction
      line analysis are comparable to SDs calculated from length distribution
      histograms obtained by light micrography of the fiber. First-order line intensity
      decreases by about 40% during tetanus; larger multifibered bundles exhibit
      substantial increases in sarcomere dispersion during contraction, but single
      fibers show no appreciable dispersion change. These results suggest the
      occurrence of asynchronous static or dynamic axial disordering of thick
      filaments, with a persistence in long range order of sarcomere spacing during
      contraction in single fibers.

PMID- 1084767
TI  - Insulin binding of acute lymphocytic leukemia cells.
AB  - Because of differences in insulin binding of cultured lymphoic cell lines, T- and
      B-cell surface receptor and 125I-insulin binding studies were performed on the
      bone marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes of 13 children with active acute
      lymphocytec leukemia. Based on surface receptors, nine patients had null-cell
      disease and four had T-cell disease. The mean per cent insulin binding of the
      bone marrow cells from the null-cell patients was 10.0% +/- 8.1 and from the T
      cell patients was 0.18% +/- 0.13. The mean insulin binding of the cell
      suspensions of the peripheral blood from the null-cell patients was 7.3% +/- 7.5
      and 0.07% +/- 0.06 from the T-cell patients. Displacement studies with
      nonradioactive insulin indicated that null leukemic cells bore specific binding
      sites. These results indicated that there may be metabolic as well as surface
      membrane heterogeneity among the acute lymphocytic leukemias of childhood.

PMID- 1084768
TI  - A comparison of granulopoiesis in culture from blood and marrow cells of
      nonleukemic individuals and patients with acute leukemia.
AB  - The objective of this study was to compare the concentration of committed
      granulopoietic progenitor cells (CFU-C) in marrow and blood. For individuals
      without leukemia, a highly significant correlation was observed between the
      concentration of CFU-C obtained from the two sites. However, CFU-C in blood had a
      slower sedimentation velocity than that reported for marrow and were found not to
      be in the DNA synthetic phase of the cycle using the tritiated thymidine suicide
      tehcnique. In patients with acute leukemia, no correlation was observed between
      concentrations of CFU-C in marrow and peripheral blood, regardless of whether the
      patients were newly diagnosed, in remission, or in relapse. We concluded that
      studies of the peripheral blood do not yield the same information in respect to
      granulopoietic progenitor cells as do studies of the marrow.

PMID- 1084770
TI  - Colour blindness among Egyptian males.

PMID- 1084769
TI  - Fetal hemopoiesis in diffusion chamber cultures. III. The effect of neutropenia.
AB  - Proliferation and differentiation of granulocytes, macrophages, and both myeloid
      committed (CFC) and pluripotent (CFU) stem cells in diffusion chamber (DC)
      cultures of fetal liver were studied in order to evaluate the role of circulating
      humoral factors in the control of fetal myelopoiesis. When DC with fetal liver
      cells were implanted into mice rendered neutropenic by pretreatment with
      cyclophosphamide, more granulocytes and CFC were produced through day 10 as
      compared to DC implanted into saline pretreated control hosts. A difference in
      CFU recovery from fetal liver suspensions grown in DC implanted into neutropenic
      and control hosts was not seen until day 10. Serum CSF concentrations were
      increased in neutropenic as compared to control host mice 2 and 3 days after
      implantation of DC. Levels of serum inhibitors of colony growth showed marked
      variability but, in general, were similar in both groups. These data provide
      evidence that fetal CFC and fetal myelopoiesis are influenced by a circulating
      humoral factor present in neutropenic serum. CSF may be the factor, although the
      data presented in this paper do not establish this with any certainty.

PMID- 1084771
TI  - New data on the vision of South American Indians.
AB  - A total of 466 males and 437 females from four Brazilian Indian tribes were
      tested for color blindness with Ishihara's plates. Defective persons were found
      in three of the four tribes, but when these and other groups are considered the
      evidence suggests that the frequency of this trait is lower among Amerindians
      than among Caucasian populations. Visual acuity tests were performed on 296
      Yanomama Indians. Their visual acuity was apparently not as sharp as that of the
      Cayapo or Xavante. But the scarcity among the Yanomama of persons with serious
      visual impairment of subcutaneous nodules suggests that the focus of
      onchocerciasis discovered among them is of recent origin.

PMID- 1084772
TI  - Neurogenic etiology of corneal dystrophic diseases.

PMID- 1084773
TI  - The effect of quinidine on membrane electrical activity in frog auricular fibres
      studied by current and voltage clamp.
AB  - 1 The action of quinidine sulphate 50 muM has been investigated on frog auricular
      trabeculae transmembrane currents recorded with a double sucrose gap apparatus.
      Results were obtained either in current or in voltage clamp conditions. 2
      Quinidine modified the time course of repetitive activity elicited by long
      lasting depolarizing currents and reduced the range of current over which
      repetitive activity could be triggered, eventually abolishing repetitive
      responses altogether. 3 Several authors have emphasized the limitations of the
      voltage clamp method. Taking into account these limitations, the numerical values
      of the parameters obtained in the present work must not be considered as exact
      values but may be interpreted as indicators of the variations of the parameters.
      4 The results are in agreement with previous findings that the main features of
      the action of quinidine are to produce (a) a reduced maximum rate of
      depolarization (MRD), (b) a reduced total amplitude of action potential, (c) a
      flattening of the plateau of the action potential, (d) a slight prolongation of
      the tail of the action potential, (e) an increased effective refractory period
      without greatly prolonging action potential duration, (f) no change of resting
      potential and of 50% repolarization time. 5 The analysis of ionic conductances
      has provided explanations for the above effects. 6 Quinidine reduced the
      reactivation kinetics of the sodium inward current, and decreased sodium
      conductance and the steady state of activation. These effects account for (a) and
      (b). 7 Quinidine increased the activation and inactivation time constants of
      sodium conductances, which account in part for (e). 8 Quinidine delayed
      reactivation of slow inward current, reduced calcium conductance, and decreased
      the steady state of activation of calcium conductance. These effects could
      account for (c). 9 The amplitudes of the two components of the delayed
      conductances responsible for repolarization were decreased by quinidine, and the
      time constant of activation for the faster of the two was slowed. These effects
      could account for (d) and in part for (e).

PMID- 1084774
TI  - 125Iodinated fibrinogen uptake in inflammatory joint disease as a complicating
      factor in the detection of deep vein thrombosis.
AB  - An enhanced uptake of 125I-fibrinogen observed in the arthritic knee joint of a
      patient suspected of deep vein thrombosis was confirmed in a number of patients
      with inflammatory joint disease in the absence of thrombosis. Whilst this is a
      potentially serious source of false positive diagnoses, the possibility also
      exists that this phenomenon could be used to evaluate the degree to which active
      disease is present in the joints of patients suffering from inflammatory disease.

PMID- 1084775
TI  - Editorial: Less gastric bleeding from aspirin.

PMID- 1084776
TI  - [3H]taurine accumulation by frog spinal cord slices.

PMID- 1084777
TI  - Morphine-induced changes in the spontaneous and electrically evoked acetylcholine
      release from the isolated spinal cord.

PMID- 1084778
TI  - [Endophthalmitis].

PMID- 1084779
TI  - The problem oriented system in a multidisciplinary psychiatric milieu.

PMID- 1084780
TI  - Interdigitating reticulum cells in the popliteal lymph node of the rat. An
      ultrastructural and cytochemical study.
AB  - Electronmicroscopic and cytochemical studies were performed to localize
      interdigitating reticulum cells (IDC) in the popliteal lymph node of the rat. The
      morphological features of the IDC of the rat correspond to those described for
      other species, but also show similarities to normal macrophages in the rat. This
      is considered to be an argument in favour of the common origin of IDC's and
      macrophages. Ultrahistochemical studies with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) reveal
      no phagocytotic capacity of IDC's. After perfusion fixation containing ruthenium
      red (RR) the surface coat stains heavily: RR is also found deep in the membrane
      invaginations of the IDC, indicating the presence of polyanionic
      sialoglycoproteins. The post-capillary-venules (PVC) are very  permeable to both
      HRP and RR. The phosphotungstic acid-chromic acid stain (PTA-CrA) also reveals
      glycoproteins in the surface coat; these glycoproteins are susceptible to alpha
      neuraminidase, whereas glycoproteins in the Golgi complexes, lysosomes and in the
      vesicular complexes of IDC are not. The glycoproteins of the latter are
      susceptible to 0.1 N NaOH. These findings indicate that IDC produce different
      kinds of glycoprotein, one of which may be secreted and act as a factor for
      stimulating peripheral T-lymphocytes. Intimate contact between IDC's and PCV's
      could be observed. It is therefore conceivable that IDC's play an important role
      in the homing of T-lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084781
TI  - Autoradiographic localization of 3H-5-HTP and 3H-5-HT in the pineal organ and
      circumventricular areas in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson.
AB  - The time course of incorporation and cellular localization of 3H-5
      hydroxytryptophan (3H-5-HTP) and 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine (3H-5-HT) in the pineal
      and some brain regions in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, were studied by
      quantitative and qualitative autoradiography. Among the tissues examined, the
      pineal shows the highest and most rapid uptake of the two isotopes. Maximum
      incorporation of 3H-5-HTP is achieved by 2 h and that of 3H-5-HT by 20 minutes
      post injection. At the end of the six-hour experimental period, a significantly
      high amount of radioactivity is still detectable in the pineal. The results
      indicate a much slower turnover of the two indoles, especially 5-HTP, in the
      trout than is known for mammalian tissues. Both the ependymal supporting cells
      and the receptor cells of the pineal localize these isotopes. In constant, the
      intrapienal neurons remain unlabeled. This is taken to suggest lack of capacity
      of these cells to metabolize 5-HTP and 5-HT. In the circumventricular regions,
      the two indoles occur in the ependyma of the recessus lateralis and the recessus
      praeopticus. The label is also localized in the neuropil and the neurons of the
      nuclei recessus lateralis and praeopticus. Semiquantitative estimates reveal a
      significant labeling of these areas only 20 minutes after injection, although a
      weak but inconsistent labeling of the ependyma is evident at 5 minutes. The
      significance of these results is discussed in regard to (a) normal capacity of
      circumventricular areas to metabolize indoles and (b) a possible chemical
      interaction between the pineal and the brain involving a direct pineal
      cerebrospinal fluid pathway.

PMID- 1084782
TI  - Localization of thymocyte stem cell precursors in the pharyngeal endoderm of
      early amphibian embryos.

PMID- 1084783
TI  - In vitro studies of the rabbit immune system. IV. Differential mitogen responses
      of isolated T and B cells.

PMID- 1084785
TI  - B lymphocyte differentiation in lethally irradiated and reconstituted mice. I.
      The effect of Strontium-89 induced bone marrow aplasia on the recovery of the B
      cell compartment in the spleen.

PMID- 1084784
TI  - Control of mitogen-induced transformation: characterization of a splenic
      suppressor cell and its mode of action.

PMID- 1084786
TI  - Human T and B lymphocyte rosette tests: effect of enzymatic modification of sheep
      erythrocytes (E) and the specificity of neuraminidase-treated E.

PMID- 1084787
TI  - Phenotypic heterogeneity for cells bearing surface immunoglobulin in human
      lymphoid lines.

PMID- 1084788
TI  - In vitro lymphocyte cytotoxicity. I. Evidence of multiple cytotoxic molecules
      secreted by mitogen activated human lymphoid cells in vitro.

PMID- 1084789
TI  - Antigenic relationship between bone marrow lymphocytes cortical thymocytes and a
      subpopulation of peripheral T cells in the rat: description of a bone marrow
      lymphocyte antigen.

PMID- 1084790
TI  - Potential antiinflammatory agents. V. Synthesis of metabolites of 6-chloro-5
      cyclohexylindan-1-carboxylic acid (TAI-284) using microbiological hydroxylation.

PMID- 1084791
TI  - [Frequency of the hepatitis B antigen in the Banks Islands].

PMID- 1084792
TI  - [Mycological survey in the Banks Island (New Hebrides)].

PMID- 1084793
TI  - [Evaluation of 3 chromatic mechanisms in the acquired pathology of color vision].

PMID- 1084794
TI  - Parasite antigens.
AB  - The currently available preparations used as antigen in the serological
      investigation of parasitic diseases are ill-defined heterogeneous mixtures, and
      there is an evident need for better characterized reagents. Antigens of different
      parasite species (schistosomes, filariae, trypanosomes, and plasmodia) are
      discussed and parasite sources enumerated. Modern methods for the preparation of
      antigenic extracts and their fractionation are described, together with certain
      guidelines as to their biochemical characterization and their immunological
      activity. In order to implement this endeavour and to make better use of
      serological techniques in parasitic diseases, proposals are made concerning
      collaborative research and field application among a number of laboratories on
      schistosome, onchocercal, trypanosome, and plasmodial antigens.

PMID- 1084795
TI  - Epidemiology of chronic non-specific respiratory diseases.
AB  - The current state of research into the epidemiology of chronic non-specific
      respiratory diseases (CNSRD) is reviewed. Recommendations are made on the
      definitions of CNSRD for use in epidemiological studies, and various aspects of
      the etiology and natural history of CNSRD are identified as requiring further
      investigation. The need for standardization of investigative methods is
      emphasized. Since smoking is such an important factor in the etiology of CNSRD,
      it is recommended that efforts be made to discourage children from taking up the
      habit.

PMID- 1084796
TI  - Nomenclature for factors of the HLA system.
AB  - A Nomenclature Committee composed of geneticists and immunologists, including
      specialists in tissue typing, has met after each of the Histocompatibility
      Workshops beginning with the Third Workshop in 1967. The Committee, in part under
      the auspices of the World Health Organization and the International Union of
      Immunological Societies (WHO/IUIS), met after the Sixth Workshop in Aarhus in
      July 1975. The expanding knowledge of the genetics of the major
      histocompatibility system of man has necessitated a revision of the terminology
      for the HLA region following the principles established in previous reports. This
      has been done with as few changes as possible.

PMID- 1084797
TI  - Distribution of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, intermediate host of Schistosoma
      mansoni, within a St Lucian field habitat.
AB  - A total of 6360 mud samples were obtained, in 62 collections made with an
      exhaustive sampling device, from banana drains on the West Indian island of St
      Lucia during fortnightly samplings over a 2(1/2)-year period. Analysis of counts
      of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata from these samples showed that this species
      had a contagious distribution. This finding is consistent with other evidence
      that banana drains form a rigorous habitat for B. glabrata. Its distribution was
      more contagious than that of Oncomelania quadrasi in certain Philippine habitats
      and several species of aquatic snail in various African irrigation canals. The
      exact transformation for normalizing the snail counts for standard statistical
      techniques was z = x(0.287) but the more convenient cube root transformation is
      probably adequate. However, if too few snails are collected (15 or fewer per 100
      samples) or if the frequency distribution of snail counts is discontinuous, with
      too many widely separated high frequency counts, neither transformation will be
      entirely satisfactory.

PMID- 1084798
TI  - Blinding and non-blinding trachoma: assessment of intensity of upper tarsal
      inflammatory disease and disabling lesions.
AB  - A simplified method of evaluating both the intensity of active inflammatory
      disease and the visually disabling lesions of trachoma is presented. Evaluation
      of the active disease is based on the scoring of clinical signs, lymphoid
      follicles, and papillary hypertrophy. The irreversible lesions of trachoma are
      classified as conjunctival scarring, trichiasis and/or entropion, and corneal
      scarring.

PMID- 1084799
TI  - Hepatitis B antigen, antigen subtypes, and hepatitis B antibody in normal
      subjects and patients with liver disease.
AB  - The relative sensitivities of counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) and
      haemagglutination assays for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen
      (HB(s)Ag) and antibodies (anti-HB(s)) were compared. Twelve scientists from ten
      countries in Asia, Africa and the Pacific region participated in the study. The
      participants provided serum samples from 15 953 subjects comprising patients with
      acute and chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as
      well as blood donors and other normal individuals. For the detection of HB(s)Ag
      in a reference panel serum, immune adherence haemagglutination (IAHA) was
      slightly more sensitive than passive haemagglutination inhibition (PHI); CIE was
      the least sensitive. Mean HB(s)Ag frequencies in patients with acute hepatitis,
      chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and HCC were significantly higher than in healthy
      controls. Passive haemagglutination (PHA) was more sensitive than CIE for the
      detection of anti-HB(s). The frequency of anti-HB(s) in patients with HCC was
      significantly lower than that in the other groups. Mean anti-HB(s) frequencies in
      patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis were not
      significantly different from that in normal subjects. Subtyping of HB(s)Ag was
      performed by PHI. Among asymptomatic carriers the predominant HB(s)Ag subtype in
      northeast Asia was adr.In India, ayw predominated in carriers, with the
      demarcation between adr and ayw occurring west of Burma. In West Africa the only
      subtype detected was ayw, but in East Africa the majority subtype was adw. The r
      subtype was found only in Asian populations east of India and in Western Pacific
      populations. In Papua New Guinea all four subtypes were identified. With one
      possible exception, the subtypes of HB(s)Ag-positive patients with liver disease
      reflected the predominant type in each geographic location.

PMID- 1084800
TI  - Clinical observations on smallpox: a study of 1233 patients admitted to the
      Infectious Diseases Hospital, Calcutta, during 1973.
AB  - The paper presents clinical observations on 1 233 persons with smallpox who were
      admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Calcutta, in 1973. The disease was
      of the modified type in 53 patients (4.3%), the ordinary type in 717 (58.2%), the
      flat type in 249 (20.2%), and the haemorrhagic type in 214 (17.3%). The fatality
      of these types of smallpox was found to be 5.7%, 26.8%, 88.4%, and 98.1%,
      respectively, and the overall case fatality was 50.7%. The haemorrhagic type was
      found mainly among older patients and affected males more often than females. The
      vaccination status of 1 218 patients was known. Of these, 901 (73.9%) were
      unvaccinated and had a fatality rate of 53.4%, whereas the 317 (26.1%) vaccinated
      patients had a fatality rate of 36.5%. Among the 201 haemorrhagic cases, 145
      patients were unvaccinated (16.09% of the total number unvaccinated) and 56
      (17.67%) had been vaccinated. Of 34 patients vaccinated during the incubation
      period, 19 (41.1%) died, whereas of 18 patients who had been vaccinated after the
      onset of fever, but before the appearance of rash, 9 (50%) died.

PMID- 1084801
TI  - The minimum protective level of antibodies in smallpox.
AB  - Blood samples from 57 contacts of 6 smallpox cases were tested for
      haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) and neutralizing antibodies. All 6 contacts who
      subsequently developed smallpox were unvaccinated and had neutralizing antibody
      titres of 10 or less. However, 6 unvaccinated contacts with similar antibody
      levels did not develop smallpox. None of the 41 vaccinated contacts, regardless
      of their antibody level, contracted the disease.

PMID- 1084802
TI  - A simple simulation model of tuberculosis epidemiology for use without large
      scale computers.
AB  - A large-scale computer service is not always available in many countries with
      tuberculosis problems needing epidemiological analysis. To facilitate work in
      such countries, a simple epidemiological model was made to calculate annual
      trends in the prevalence and incidence of tuberculosis and its infection, in
      tuberculosis mortality, and in BCG coverage, using average parameter values not
      specific for age groups or birth year cohorts. To test its approximation
      capabilities and limits, the model was applied to epidemiological data from
      Japan, where sufficient information was available from repeated nation-wide
      sample surveys and national statistics. The approximation was found to be
      satisfactory within certain limits. The model is best used with a desk-top
      computer, but the calculations can be performed with a small calculator or even
      by hand.

PMID- 1084803
TI  - Prevalence of Salmonella serotypes in India: a 61-year study.
AB  - During the period 1958-73, 8 027 strains of Salmonella were tested at the
      National Salmonella and Escherichia Centre: 3 834 strains from man, 3 018 from
      animals, 839 from sewage and water sources, and 336 of unknown origin. A total of
      99 serotypes were identified: 47 from man, 83 from animals, and 35 from sewage
      and water sources. S. typhi was the commonest serotype in man, followed by S.
      weltevreden and S. paratyphi A. S. typhimurium was the commonest serotype
      isolated from animals, followed by S. weltevreden and S. anatum. In sewage and
      other water sources S. weltevreden was the commonest serotype identified followed
      by S. typhimurium and S. bareilly. Infection due to S. weltevreden in both man
      and animals increased considerably after 1970. Out of a total of 99 serotypes
      isolated from different sources, 13 were isolated from man only, 49 from animals
      only, 34 from both man and animals, 30 from both animals and water sources, and
      22 from man, animals, and water sources.

PMID- 1084804
TI  - Lactation and reproduction.
AB  - The authors review the literature on the effect of lactation on fertility in the
      absence of contraception and on the effects of contraceptive measures on
      lactation. They examine data from several countries on the intervals between
      births and on the return of menstruation and ovulation after childbirth,
      comparing lactating with nonlactating women. They conclude that lactation is an
      inefficient contraceptive for the individual, but that in populations sustained
      lactation is associated with reduced fertility. Possible physiological mechanisms
      causing lactation amenorrhoea are discussed. Though much of the literature on the
      effect of contraceptives on lactation is inadequate, there is general agreement
      that the estrogen component of hormonal preparations has an adverse effect on
      lactation, but that progestins alone do not. Many questions remain. Is this
      effect seen in established lactation, or only in the puerperal period? Is it a
      direct pharmacological effect, or are pill-users the mothers least motivated to
      maintain breast-feeding? Does a close relationship exist between hormones given
      and lactation performance? The authors comment on some of the technical
      deficiencies of previous studies in this field and discuss practical
      possibilities of, and limitations to, obtaining adequate scientific information
      in the future.

PMID- 1084805
TI  - Testing the susceptibility of Simulium damnosum (Diptera: Simuliidae) to
      insecticides in the laboratory and in the field.
AB  - There are several methods for measuring the susceptibility of blackfly larvae to
      insecticides. In 1970 the provisional method suggested by the World Health
      Organization was used with a view to establishing baseline data on the
      susceptibility of S. damnosum larvae to insecticides; this method was found to be
      unsuitable. Thereafter, attempts were made to develop a reliable susceptibility
      testing method for S. damnosum. This report describes the method that yielded the
      best results in the laboratory; a second method suitable for use in the field is
      also described. The results from several replicates of such tests gave reasonably
      straight log-dosage-probit-mortality curves from which values of LC(50) could be
      calculated. The overall control mortality in the laboratory series of tests was
      about 9% and that in the field series was about 4%.

PMID- 1084806
TI  - The use of psychotropic drugs in developing countries.
AB  - Psychotropic drug therapy combined with other forms of treatment provides an
      effective means for the control and treatment of a number of mental disorders. In
      developing countries a wide range of health workers must be prepared to use
      psychotropic drugs if there is to be a significant improvement in mental health
      care. A number of problems are involved: not all mental disorders respond to drug
      treatment; the range of available drugs is very wide; side effects are relatively
      common; patients may not take prescribed drugs regularly; and there are dangers
      of overuse, abuse, and overdose. Some of the problems could be overcome by: (a)
      focusing on a limited number of conditions of public health importance; (b)
      establishing a clear policy as to which drugs should be available at various
      points in the health service and limiting the range of such drugs; (c) adopting a
      more flexible system of task sharing in psychotropic drug therapy; (d)
      coordinating training programmes; and (e) setting up a central policy body
      concerned with mental health in health ministries.

PMID- 1084807
TI  - Evaluation of the impact of various diseases on mortality.
AB  - The scarcity of resources within the health sector creates serious allocation
      problems. If it were legitimate to allocate the available means to the various
      diseases according to their impact on the length of human life, how should this
      impact be evaluated? That is the purpose of this study, which compares and
      evaluates methods for measuring the importance of various diseases from the point
      of view of their lethal effects and significance for life expectancy.THREE
      METHODS OF EVALUATION HAVE BEEN USED: the percentage of all deaths due to the
      disease (method A); the gain in life expectancy that would occur if the disease
      were eradicated as a cause of death (method B); and the change in the ratio
      between productive and nonproductive groups that would result from eliminating
      the disease as a cause of death (method C). The analyses are based on the total
      number of deaths in Denmark in 1969 and 1971. According to (A), one-third of all
      deaths was caused by heart diseases, one-fourth by cancer, and one-tenth by
      stroke. The results of method (B) were in agreement with those of method (A); the
      greatest gain in life expectancy was obtained by eliminating cardiac diseases;
      cancer ranked second, and accidents third for men and fourth for women. Method
      (C) yielded contrasting results. The result of eliminating most diseases would be
      a decrease in the proportion of persons of productive age. This was most distinct
      for cardiac diseases. The most important exception to this rule was accidents: if
      these were eliminated, the distribution of the population in the productive and
      nonproductive age groups would remain stable.

PMID- 1084808
TI  - Respiratory virus disease in Malaysian children: a serological study.
AB  - Paired sera from 101 Malaysian children aged up to 10 years and suffering from
      respiratory illnesses were examined serologically for evidence of respiratory
      viral infections. Of these children, 32.6% showed rising antibody titres for one
      or more of the test agents. Respiratory syncytial virus appeared to be the main
      respiratory pathogen involved, followed by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, parainfluenza
      viruses, adenoviruses, and influenza A virus. These findings are generally
      similar to those reported by others in temperate and tropical countries.

PMID- 1084809
TI  - Abolition of ischemic response to atrial pacing following aortocoronary bypass
      surgery.
AB  - To determine the effect of successful aortocoronary bypass surgery (ACBS) on left
      ventricular (LV) function, the ischemic response to right atrial pacing (RAP) was
      studied in 22 angina patients before and 3.8 +/- 1.1 months after surgery. All
      patients were free of angina after ACBS and had at least one patent graft. Before
      ACBS, RAP induced angina in 15 patients (Group 1) but not in 7 patients (Group
      2). After ACBS, no patient had angina with RAP despite the increased maximum rate
      of pacing. Post-pacing LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) after ACBS decreased in
      Group 1 from 25 +/- 6 to 15 +/- 6 mm Hg (P less than 0.01), but not in Group 2.
      Changes in ejection fraction, cardiac output, resting LVEDP, or LVEDP after LV
      angiography were not significant in either group and were therefore not useful in
      evaluating the result of ACBS. However the ischemic response to right atrial
      pacing was abolished by successful aortocoronary bypass surgery, suggesting
      improved myocardial perfusion during stress.

PMID- 1084810
TI  - Continuous rapid atrial pacing to control recurrent or sustained supraventricular
      tachycardias following open heart surgery.
AB  - A technique is described to control recurrent or sustained supraventricular
      tachycardia associated with rapid ventricular rates following open heart surgery.
      The technique utilizes a pair of temporarily implanted atrial epicardial wire
      electrodes to pace the heart. In one group of patients with recurrent atrial
      flutter and 2:1 A-V conduction, continuous rapid atrial pacing at 450 beats/min
      produced and sustained atrial fibrillation. The ventricular response rate
      immediately slowed when compared to that during atrial flutter, and if further
      slowing was required, it was easily accomplished by the administration of
      digitalis. Another group of patients with different arrhythmias (recurrent
      paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, sustained ectopic atrial tachycardia, or sinus
      rhythm with premature atrial beats which precipitated runs of atrial
      fibrillation) was treated with continuous rapid atrial pacing to produce 2:1 A-V
      block. In all instances, the continuous rapid atrial pacing suppressed the
      supraventricular tachycardia and maintained the ventricular response rate in a
      therapeutically desirable range. It was demonstrated that the technique is safe,
      effective, and reliable.

PMID- 1084812
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in South American pemphigus foliaceus.
AB  - T and B lymphocytes were quantified in peripheral blood of thirty patients with
      South American pemphigus foliaceus according to their ability to form rosettes
      with sheep erythrocytes (E) or sheep erythrocytes sensitized with antibody an
      complement (EAC). When compared with the counts obtained from thirty normal
      subjects, a decrease was found in the total T-lymphocyte count (32-33+/-7-7
      versus 46-7+/-8-7) and in the T functional lymphocyte count as detected by the
      active rosette test. The mean percentage of B lymphocytes within the total number
      of lymphocytes was not significantly different from that of normal subjects (24-0
      +/- 8-2 versus 25-3+/-8-0). Lymph node sections from three pemphigus patients
      examined for E or EAC adherence showed depletion of T cells in the paracortical
      areas. The low percentage of E cells in the peripheral blood and the depletion of
      E cells in paracortical areas of lymph nodes from patients with South American
      pemphigus foliaceus may reflect an impaired cellular immunity.

PMID- 1084811
TI  - Liver disease--a prominent cause of serum IgE elevation.
AB  - Serum IgE concentrations were elevated in thirty-seven out of sixty-seven
      patients (55%) with acute or chronic liver disease of widely differing aetiology.
      The mean IgE concentrations in these patients showed an eight-fold increase above
      that observed in control subjects. Increased IgE levels in patients with liver
      disease occurred in the absence of eosinophilia, clinical evidence of atopy or
      other known causes of IgE elevation. No IgE-containing plasma cells were detected
      in the liver biopsies from thirty-two of the sixty-seven patients tested.
      Peripheral blood T cells were significantly decreased from normal in the patients
      with liver disease, but no correlation emerged between serum IgE levels and
      absolute peripheral blood T-cell numbers. These findings emphasize the importance
      of liver disease as a significant cause of serum IgE elevation.

PMID- 1084813
TI  - Stimulation of lymphocytes by antigen in microplate cultures; absence of an
      effect of transfer factor in vitro.
AB  - The best conditions for the optimum stimulation of human leucocytes by antigens,
      including protein purified derivative (PPD), streptokinase-streptodornase
      varidase (SKSD) and tetanus toxoid have been studied in microplate cultures. The
      leucocytes of each donor have their own characteristic response to antigen which
      depends on the culturing conditions such as antigen concentrations, cell
      concentrations and the time of measuring the rate of DNA synthesis. Thus, no
      conditions provide a universal optimum for antigen stimulation in vitro.
      Leucocyte dialysates, i.e. potential transfer factors, have been prepared from
      donors, who between them are strongly positive to the antigens PPD, SKSD, tetanus
      toxoid, diphtheria toxoid and Keyhole limpet haemocyanin. In contrast to some
      previous reports these leucocyte dialysates had no effect on the thymidine
      incorporation by leucocytes grown in the presence of these antigens. It is
      suggested that the selection of optimal conditions for the response to antigen
      may have obscured the effect of any non-specific enhancement of reactivity b
      lyeucocyte dialysates.

PMID- 1084815
TI  - Antibodies for T lymphocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Sera of twenty-four patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were evaluated for
      antibodies cytotoxic for autologous lymphocytes. Such antibodies were
      domenstrable in twenty-two of these sera, whereas only one out of twenty patients
      with other connective tissue or lymphoproliferative disease showed a positive
      test. The antibodies remained detectable even when the patients went into
      remission. Sera containing the lymphocytotoxic antibodies were tested on cell
      fractions enriched for T or B lymphocytes. Primarily T lumphocytes wree affected
      by these antibodies. The presence of antibodies cytotoxic for T lymphocytes
      corresponded with a deficit of circulating T lymphocytes observed in most of our
      patients with systemic lupus erythematosys.

PMID- 1084814
TI  - The effect of cyclophosphamide and irradiation on cells which suppress contact
      sensitivity in the mouse.
AB  - Contact sensitivity was produced in mice by painting the skin with picryl
      chloride and was assessed by the increase in ear thickness following local
      challenge. Contact sensitivity was passively transferred by immune lymph node and
      spleen cells taken at 4 days. The mice were then challenged immediately and the
      reactions read at 24 and 48 hr. Immune lymph node and spleen cells taken at day 8
      virtually fail to transfer. Experiment showed that they contain cells which
      suppress passive transfer. These are demonstrated by mixing approximately equal
      numbers of 4-day cells, which transfer contact sensitivity, and cells taken at
      later times and injecting them intravenously into recipients. These 'suppressor
      cells' can be demonstrated by day 6 and are still present at day 11 after
      immunization. The precursors of the suppressor cells are sensitive to
      cyclophosphamide. Irradiation of immune mice 2 days before taking cells also
      selectively inactivates the suppressor cells. When mice are pretreated with
      cyclophosphamide before immunization or irradiated 2 days before transfer, the
      lymph node and spleen cells taken on day 9 after immunization transfer contact
      sensitivity. In contrast the same number of cells from untreated mice were
      inactive. This suggests that the cells which mediate passive transfer or their
      precursors may occur in an inhibited form in lymph nodes and spleen at later
      times after immunization. These suppressor cells in immune mice differ from the T
      suppressor cells produced by the injection of picryl sulphonic acid--an agent
      which causes unresponsiveness: (1) the precursors of the T suppressor cells
      resist cyclophosphamide; (2) the T suppressor cells are found in mice treated so
      as to produce unresponsiveness while the other type of suppressor cells occurs in
      mice immunized for contact sensitivity. However, both types of suppressor cells
      are selectively inactivated by irradiation as compared with the cells which
      mediate contact sensitivity and both are able to act on the effector stage of
      contact sensitivity.

PMID- 1084816
TI  - Soluble factors in immune sera of mice. II. Reversible loss of surface
      immunoglobulin induced in vitro.
AB  - Serum collected from BALB/c mice at different time intervals during primary
      immunization induces in vitro a decrease of Ig+ cells in short-term cultures of
      normal spleen cells. The decrease was shown to be caused by loss of surface
      immunoglobulin (Ig) for the following reasons: no cell loss was detected which
      coulc account for it; the number of Ig+ cells returned to normal levels when the
      serum was removed and the cells were cultured further in fresh medium. The serum
      activity was recovered in a fraction with molecular weight less than 10,000
      Daltons. The factor was active at 4 degrees C and on cells treated with high
      doses of Con A. Only a portion (25-30%) of the Ig+ cells are affected by this
      factor since after the initial decrease no further changes were observed during
      the 7 hr culture period. No changes in the distrubution of surface Ig was
      detected by fluorescent techniques on the remaining Ig+ cells. This factor was
      detected as early as 6 hr after immunization but its concentration was found 4
      fold higher on the 7th day.

PMID- 1084817
TI  - Suppressed hetergeneous antinuclear antibody response in lymphomabearing NZB/NZW
      mice.
AB  - A long-term study of cyclophophamide-induced suppression of auto-immune disease
      in NZB/NZW mice demonstrated the oncogenic potential of this alkylating agent. In
      seven of ten mice dying with lymphomas, retrospective examination of serial tests
      for heterogeneous ANA showed terminal decreases of titres or reversion of tests
      to negative. Suppressed titres were found in one of seven mice dying with other
      tumours and in four of twenty-nine mice succumbing to renal disease-vasculitis.
      Transplantation studies confirmed the association between growing lymphoma tissue
      and decreasing ANA titres. In the immunosuppressed host with connective tissue
      disease, the loss of certain auto-antibodies may signal development of a
      lymphoreticular neoplasm. Tumour-induced impairment of auto-immune responsiveness
      may reflect the loss of specific ANA that fulfil a protective role and inhibit
      neoplastic growth.

PMID- 1084818
TI  - Mechanisms of corticosteroid action on lymphocyte subpopulations. II.
      Differential effects of in vivo hydrocortisone, prednisone and dexamethasone on
      in vitro expression of lymphocyte function.
AB  - The present study was undertaken to determine what, if any, differential effect
      various commonly used corticosteroid preparations had on the numbers and specific
      functions of lymphocyte subpopulations when these agents were administered in
      equivalent pharmacological dosages. Normal volunteers received a single dose of
      either 320 mg of hydrocortisone intravenously, 80 mg of prednisone orally, or 12
      mg of dexamethasone orally. There was a marked lymphocytopenia and monocytopenia
      maximal 4-6 hr following administration of all three corticosteroid preparations
      with almost identical kinetics and degree of fall in total cell numbers as well
      as proportions of thymus-derived and bone marrow-derived lymphocytes.
      Hydrocortisone and prednisone caused only a slight suppression of
      phytohaemagglutiinin (PHA) induced lymphocyte blastogensis which could be
      reversed at supra-optimal concentrations of PHA. On the contrary, dexamethasone
      administration casued a marked suppression of PHA responses which was not
      reversed by supra-optimal PHA stimulation. In addition, hydrocortisone and
      prednisone administration did not suppress non-specific PHA-induced cellular
      cytotoxcity, while dexamethasone caused a marked suppression (P less than 0.001)
      of cytotoxicity. These studies show that although equivalent anti-inflammatory
      doses of these three corticosteroid preparations cause almost identical
      suppression of the numbers of circulating lymphocyte populations, they have a
      differential effect of the numbers of circulating lymphocyte populations, they
      have a differential effect on a certain in vitro functional correlates of cell
      mediated immunity.

PMID- 1084819
TI  - Respiratory involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. A clinical and
      immunological study.
AB  - Thirty patients fulfilling conventional criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus
      and who presented with extensive pleural and pulmonary involvement were studied
      retrospectively. Four overlapping patterns of respiratory disease were identified
      and observations were made on their clinical presentation, radiographic
      abnormalities and response to treatment. A low incidence of severe renal disease
      was found in this series of patients and this was in keeping with the general
      finding of low serum binding using native DNA in a globulin Farr-binding
      technique (greater than 20% binding in only 4/21 (19%) of the series) and normal
      or elevated serum complement (C3) levels. Precipitating antibody detected by
      double diffusion and counter-current immunoelectrophoresis and probably reacting
      in most cases with single-stranded DNA was, however, detected in 66% of
      pretreatment serum samples tested. This evidence supports the idea that different
      types of anti-nuclear antibody may be associated with different clinical
      manifestations seen within a group of patients who broadly fulfil the criteria
      for SLE.

PMID- 1084820
TI  - Measles antibodies and autoantibodies in autoimmune disorders.
AB  - Measles CF antibodies have been examined in the sera of patients with a variety
      of clinical disorders associated with the production of autoantibodies. Previous
      reports of high-titre reactions in DLE and chronic active hepatitis have been
      confirmed, the titres in the latter disorder being particularly elevated. Mean
      antibody titres to measles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were
      significantly lower than in matched controls, and an inverse correlation between
      measles antibody levels and serum globulin levels was found. Measles antibody
      titres in patients with myasthenia gravis and primary biliary cirrhosis did not
      differ significantly from those found in controls. However, subdivision of
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis and primary biliary
      cirrhosis showed that the presence of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) was associated
      with significantly increased measles antibody levels compared with the ANA
      negative sera. The presence of gastric parietal cell antibody or thyroid
      microsomal antibody did not appear to be associated with increased measles
      antibody levels, whether or not they occurred in association with previous
      anaemia or thyroid disease. Possible explanations for these findings in terms of
      immune complex formation and immune hyper-reactivity are discussed.

PMID- 1084821
TI  - The effect of Corynebacterium parvum on the humoral and cellular immune systems
      in patients with breast cancer.
AB  - Corynebacterium parvum, a Gram-positive anaerobic bacillus thought to be a strong
      immunological stimulant, has been shown to decrease tumour growth and prolong
      survival in patients with metastatic disease. Study of the effect of a single
      injection of a strain of C. parvum (CN. 6134) in six patients with stage IV
      metastatic breast cancer is reported. Results of laboratory tests to judge the
      physical and immunological effects of the drug infusion 24 hr post-treatment and
      weekly thereafter for 3 weeks are evaluated. Within 24 hr after C. parvum
      administration, most patients experienced fever and nausea. Blood counts and
      differential counts exhibited increased values 24 hr after treatment with a
      strong shift to the left. Lymphocyte and monocyte counts were greatly depressed
      at 24 hr. T-cell numbers in peripheral blood did not appear to be altered, but
      the picture with regard to B cells was less clear. Normal count was recovered by
      day 8. It appears that intravenous administration of C. parvum produces a
      temporary marked immunological depression which returns to essentially normal
      values in 8 days. The return to normal may be accompanied by resolution of the
      endotoxin-like syndrome of side-effects. Further study of patients receiving this
      therapeutic agent is important to detect enhancement of the anti-tumour
      immunological response precipitated.

PMID- 1084822
TI  - Depression of the T-lymphocyte response to phytohaemagglutinin by renal cells.
AB  - The lymphocytic infiltrate in the renal parenchyma is a consistent histological
      feature of pyelonephritis, but the role of the lymphocytes in the immunobiology
      of pyelonephritis is not known. In this investigation the influence of the local
      environment on the potential function of T lymphocytes in the kidney was
      investigated. The experiments have demonstrated that the response of rat
      lymphocytes to stimulation in vitro with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) can be
      entirely ablated by normal kidney cells. Even when the number of kidney cells
      added to cultures of lymphocytes was less than 2% of the cells present some
      ablation of T-lymphocyte function could be detected. The biological
      characteristics of the factor causing ablation of the PHA responsiveness of T
      lymphocytes were partially characterized and the factor appears to have unique
      features that differentiate it from lymphocyte chalones and other tissue factors
      influencing lymphocyte function. The results may explain recent findings where T
      lymphocytes were found to be the predominant lymphocyte in the inflammatory
      infiltrate but were not responsive to PHA in vitro.

PMID- 1084823
TI  - Studies on the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune renal tubulointerstitial
      disease in guinea pigs.1 II. passive transfer of renal lesions by anti-tubular
      basement membrane autoantibody and nonimmune bone marrow cells to leukocyte
      depleted recipients.

PMID- 1084824
TI  - Systemic sclerosis and cryoglobulinemia.

PMID- 1084825
TI  - Intestinal blood loss after a new anti-inflammatory drug, sulindac.
AB  - Sulindac was tested for fecal blood loss in 40 healthy male subjects whose red
      cells had been labeled with Na2 51 CrO4. Two daily dose levels of 240 mg and 400
      mg were compared with 4.8 gm of aspirin and placebo for 2 wk. At day 15, aspirin
      induced blood loss was greater than that of both dose levels of sulindac and of
      placebo (p less than 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two
      sulindac groups and the placebo group. Aspirin caused more adverse reactions than
      sulindac, 240 mg (p less than 0.05), 400 mg (p less than 0.05), and placebo (p
      less than 0.05).

PMID- 1084826
TI  - Analysis of cooperativity of drug-receptor interaction by quantitative
      iontophoresis at frog motor end plates.

PMID- 1084828
TI  - Letter: Magnetic field radiation, ionomodulator and eichotherm apparatus.

PMID- 1084827
TI  - Fiberoptic colonoscopy: complications of colonoscopy and polypectomy.
AB  - Members of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons were polled
      regarding complications of colonoscopy and polypectomy. Sixty per cent of the
      members responded. One hundred sixty-two surgeons were found to be performing
      colonoscopy, and this paper presents the accumulated data on complications. A
      total of 20,139 colonoscopies were performed, with 12,746 diagnostic procedures
      and 7,393 polypectomies. The overall complication rate was 0.4 per cent with
      diagnostic colonoscopy and 1.8 per cent with polypectomy. Based upon these
      complications, guidelines in regard to history, preparation, and technique of
      colonoscopy and polypectomy are discussed.

PMID- 1084829
TI  - [Current aspects in treatment of tuberculosis].

PMID- 1084830
TI  - [Long-term results after flap surgery].

PMID- 1084831
TI  - Cyproterone-mediated stimulation of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase in chick
      embryo liver cells.
AB  - In cultured chick embryo liver cells, cyproterone and cyproterone acetate,
      synthetic anti-androgenic steroids, were found to be potent inducers of
      mitochondrial delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthetase, the rate-limiting
      enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Both steroids produced a detectable
      increase in enzyme activity at 5 muM and a maximal stimulation, 36-fold for
      cyproterone and 29-fold for cyproterone acetate, at 55 muM. The dose-response
      curves of the steroids differed, however, in that cyproterone acetate produced a
      greater mean stimulation of the enzyme at concentrations less than approximately
      25 muM, whereas, at higher concentrations, cyproterone was the more effective
      inducer. Increased activity of ALA synthetase was not apparent until about 12
      hours after the addition of cyproterone, and maximal activity was not achieved
      until 20-24 hours. The induction of ALA synthetase by these anti-androgens was
      prevented by actinomycin D, cordycepin, anisomycin, cycloheximide, and puromycin.
      These results suggest that new RNA and protein synthesis are necessary for enzyme
      induction. The cyproterone-mediated induction of the enzyme was inhibited 50% by
      2 muM heme, the putative physiological inhibitor of ALA synthetase. These
      antiandrogens, unlike other potent steroid inducers of this enzyme in chick
      embryo liver, do not possess either a 5beta-pregnane or 5beta-androstane nucleus.
      The stimulation of hepatic ALA synthetase represents the first example of a
      direct effect of these steroids on enzyme induction.

PMID- 1084832
TI  - Surface morphology of normal and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084833
TI  - Differences in chromatin thermal lability between thymic and splenic lymphocytes
      in intact and adrenalectomized rats detected by acridine orange microfluorometry.

PMID- 1084834
TI  - Effect of 0.25 n sodium chloride treatment on DNA denaturation in situ in thymus
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084835
TI  - [Charge-transfer complexes of hematoporphyrin with pteridine derivatives].
AB  - Charge-transfer complexes of hematoporphyrin with pteridine derivatives (folic
      acid, folinic acid, methotrexate) were studied in solutions buffered at pH 7.5 -
      9 -10. The association constants for folic acid are pH dependent; at pH 7.5 the
      constant is 1240 wheras at pH 10 it is only 65. The association constant for
      folinic acid was determined only at pH 7.5 and was found to be 55. The
      association constants of methotexate are approximately the same at different
      pH's.

PMID- 1084836
TI  - Clones of B lymphocytes: their natural selection and expansion.
AB  - The operation of clonal selection for cells of the B-lymphocyte line is discussed
      with regard to: 1) The clonal repertoire determined by antigen binding to B
      lymphocytes, which is much larger than that determined by limiting dilution
      cloning assays. This quantitative difference is interpreted in terms of the
      multiple shared specificities of each antibody molecule. 2) Multiclonal responses
      and initial selection by antigen of particular clones (preferential primary
      selection). 3) Clonal dominance. During an immune response one clone (or a small
      number of clones) of B cells is preferentially selected and proliferated,
      apparently at random, from a heterogeneous population of cells capable of
      responding to the given antigen. Co-dominance of two or more clones
      simultaneously can be obtained by mixing selected clones. Secreted antibody is
      seen as playing a role in the establishment of clonal dominance. A model for
      clonal expansion is presented. The model attempts to explain the generation of
      memory and antibody secreting cells within each clonal expansion in terms of the
      ratio of two signals, one for proliferation and one for differentiation. The
      delivery of these signals is proposed to involve the receptor antibody-antigen
      interaction for proliferation and a self-recognition site interaction for
      differentiation.

PMID- 1084837
TI  - Studies on the mode of action of ecdysterone in adult female Aedes aegypti.
AB  - Injection of ecdysterone into non-blood fed adult female Aedes aegypti results in
      a marked stimulation of aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase (formerly DOPA
      decarboxylase) activity (Schlaeger and Fuchs, 1974a). When the hormone and alpha
      amanitin are injected either simultaneously or if the toxin is administered first
      no inhibition of subsequent enzymatic activity is observed and in fact
      substantial enhancement occurs. Cordycepin injection along with ecdysterone gives
      results similar to alpha-amanitin. The inhibitors by themselves elicit a very
      small increase in DOPA decarboxylase activity compared to saline-injected
      controls. Conversely, actinomycin D causes severe depression of ecdysterone
      mediated DOPA decarboxylase activity as dose cycloheximide and puromycin. We
      interpret our data to mean that the mRNA for DOPA decarboxylase is already
      present prior to exposure to ecdysterone. We postulate that the function of the
      hormone would be to modulate translation of specific pre-formed mRNA's by an
      unknown mechanism or to induce transcription of specific tRNAs necessary for the
      initation of translation of selecting existing messengers.

PMID- 1084838
TI  - Conservation of RNA polymerase during maturation of the Rana pipiens oocyte.

PMID- 1084839
TI  - Hospital dentistry at Fairleigh Dickinson University.

PMID- 1084840
TI  - Does lower esophageal sphincter incompetency contribute to esophageal bleeding?
AB  - The purpose of this study is to determine whether lower esophageal sphincter
      (LES) incompetency is a common occurrence in patients with liver cirrhosis and
      contributes to the development of variceal bleeding. Resting LES pressure (17.8
      +/- 1.1 mm Hg) in 35 patients with cirrhosis was similar to that of our control
      population (17.3 +/- 2.0 mm Hg). No differences were found among patients with
      ascites, variceal hemorrhage, or with different degrees of hepatic
      decompensation. In both patients and control subjects the LES responded with a
      significant pressure increase to gastric alkalinization. Symptoms and
      radiological evidence of gastroesophageal reflux were extremely uncommon in
      patients with liver cirrhosis. Based on these data it is unlikely that acid
      pepsin regurgitation is a significant factor in the development of variceal
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 1084841
TI  - Indications for surgery in Crohn's disease: analysis of 500 cases.
AB  - Data for 500 patients with Crohn's disease who underwent operations were analyzed
      (316 patients, 1966 to 1969; 184 patients, 1972 to 1973) by comparison of various
      anatomic disease locations (clinical pattern): (1) ileocolic, 225 patients; (2)
      small intestinal, 130 patients; (3) colonic, 127 patients; (4) anorectal, 18
      patients. Indications for surgery were tabulated and compared using statistical
      analysis for the three large patterns. For patients with ileocolic Crohn's
      disease, the primary surgical indications were internal fistula and abscess, 44%,
      intestinal obstruction, 35%, and perianal disease, 12%. For patients with Crohn's
      disease of the small intestine, the primary surgical indications were intestinal
      obstruction, 55%, and intestinal fistula and abscess, 32%. Patients with colonic
      Crohn's disease had a significantly more diverse surgical indication, with poor
      response to medical therapy, 26%, internal fistula and abscess, 23%, toxic
      megacolon, 20%, and perianal disease, 19%. These values were highly statistically
      significant (P less than 0.0001) in all instances but one. This study
      demonstrates that statistically significant differences occur in the surgical
      indication depending on the location of Crohn's disease. Patients with ileocolic,
      small intestinal, and colonic involvement have striking differences in clinical
      course. It is concluded that Crohn's disease is not a homogeneous entity, but
      should be recognized as having a varying course depending on clinical pattern.

PMID- 1084842
TI  - Immunological studies in familial primary biliary cirrhosis.
AB  - Tests for cell-mediated immunity and presence of autoantibodies were performed in
      a mother and daughter with primary biliary cirrhosis. Lymphocytes transformation
      to phytohemagglutinin, delayed cutaneous response to one or more skin test
      antigens, and percentage of peripheral T and B lymphocytes were normal in both
      patients. Although successful in the mother, dinitrochlorbenzene sensitization
      was not achieved in the daughter. Histocompatibility antigens 1 and 8, elevated
      levels of IgM, and antibodies to mitochondria, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscle
      were present in both patients. However, the clinical course was more severe in
      the daughter who developed portal hypertension with bleeding esophageal varices
      requiring portacaval anastomosis. Except for intermittent pruritus, the mother
      has remained asymptomatic.

PMID- 1084843
TI  - Massive splenic infarction in cirrhosis: report of a case with spontaneous
      disappearance of hypersplenism.
AB  - A cirrhotic patient with massive splenic infarction is described. Celiac
      angiography showed normally opacified splenic artery and vein and a markedly
      enlarged spleen with large avascular zones. Splenic infarction was associated
      with the spontaneous disappearance of a syndrome of hypersplenism. The spleen was
      surgically removed. Histological examination showed multiple thromboses of the
      small arterial and venous vessels. The cause of this infarct remained unclear.

PMID- 1084844
TI  - The subpopulations of circulating white blood cells in inflammatory bowel
      disease.
AB  - A detailed analysis of the species of lymphocytes was carried out in 58 patients
      with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These individuals were further divided
      into 31 with Crohn's disease (CD) and 27 with ulcerative colitis (UC). There were
      13 CD patients with only small bowel involvement called "regional enteritis" and
      18 who had some degree of colonic involvement called "ileocolitis". Similarly,
      the UC group was subdivided into 9 patients with disease confined to the
      rectosigmoid area called "proctosigmoiditis" and 18 with more extensive
      involvement called "universal colitis". We also studied 13 patients who had
      undergone previous colectomy and ileostomy and 78 healthy age- and sex-matched
      controls. Although there was no increase in the absolute number of lymphocytes in
      patients with ileocolitis and universal colitis, the percentage of these cells
      was decreased because of an increase in both polymorphonuclear leukocytes and
      monocytes. In IBD and its subgroups, mean T lymphocytes, determined by the sheep
      red blood cell rosette technique, were not significantly different from the
      controls either in percentage or absolute number. Furthermore, no difference was
      noted between UC and CD. However, there seems to be a subpopulation of patients
      with UC or CD whose T cells are reduced below 1 SD of the mean. There was also no
      difference in the number of immunoglobulin-bearing B cells in both diseases;
      however, when the B cells were enumerated by their ability to rosette with
      antibody-complement-coated sheep cells (EAC), we found a marked decrease in
      percentage (P less than 0.001) and absolute number (P less than 0.0005) relative
      to the control population. The decrease bore a direct relation to the severity of
      the disease process and, although more marked in patients with UC, was present in
      CD also.

PMID- 1084845
TI  - Seasonal variation in prolactin and TSH releasing activity in the hypothalamus of
      Rana temporaria.

PMID- 1084846
TI  - Thyroxine-induced calorigenesis in frog liver: insensitivity to ouabain.

PMID- 1084847
TI  - Serum thyroxine concentrations in the pacific hagfish and lamprey and in the
      leopard frog.

PMID- 1084848
TI  - Effect of insulin on carbohydrate metabolism of frog liver in vitro.

PMID- 1084849
TI  - Gonadotropin stimulation of in vitro progesterone production in reptilian and
      amphibian ovaries.

PMID- 1084850
TI  - Correlation between blood level of androgens and sexual behavior in male leopard
      frogs, Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1084851
TI  - [Fate of an autovenous transplant in aortocoronary shunting].

PMID- 1084852
TI  - Adhesion of human blood platelets to glass polymer surfaces. II. Demonstration of
      the presence of a natural platelet adhesion inhibitor in plasma and serum.
AB  - Adhesiveness of washed platelets resuspended in citrated plasma, serum, or
      several different media has been investigated. A method specific for
      quanititation of adhesion was used. Platelets suspended in saline of Tyrode's
      solution were found to be highly adhesive to glass, polyethylene, polyvinyl
      chloride, or Cuprophane. This adhesiveness of platelets to test surfaces
      decreased by nearly 50% when plasma was the suspension medium. When the
      suspension medium was serum, the decrease in adhesion was nearly 75%. Cohn
      fraction V also decreased the adhesiveness of platelets significantly, but highly
      purfied albumin had only a small effect. Several pharmacologic agents decreased
      platelet adhesiveness when added to platelets suspended in plasma or serum, but
      had negligible effect on the adhesiveness of platelets suspended in artificial
      media devoid of proteins. Normal washed platelets, when suspended in citrated
      plasma obtained from an afibrinogenemic donor or in normal serum, showed a
      significant decrease in adhesion compared to the same platelets suspended in
      normal citrated plasma. Addition of fibrinogen to afibrinogenemic plasma or
      normal serum restored the adhesiveness of platelets to normal levels. Normal
      platelets resuspended in plasma obtained from a thrombasthenic donor exhibited
      normal adhesiveness. These observations suggested that while fibrinogen promotes
      platelet adhesion, plasma or serum possess also an adhesion-inhibiting activity.

PMID- 1084853
TI  - [Postmortem radiography of the brain].

PMID- 1084854
TI  - [Sex difference in the circadian rhythm of corticotropin-releasing activity in
      the rat hypothalamus (author's transl)].
AB  - Sex difference in the circadian rhythm of the hypothalamic content of
      Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) and plasma corticosterone levels was
      examined in the rat. In the male rat the CRF content was higher in the afternoon
      than in the morning. In contrast, the hypothalamic CRF content in the female rat
      was higher in the morning. The peak value was found at 8 a.m. and it fell rapidly
      around noon with a concomitant sharp rise in the plasma corticosterone. Thus, the
      whole pattern of CRF content during a 24-hour period makes a mirror image of that
      of plasma corticosterone. The influence of gonadal hormones on the sex difference
      was then examined by following variations in the CRF content after ovariectomy.
      Even after chronic ovariectomy, essential features of the female pattern of CRF
      rhythm persisted: rapid fall of the CRF content was accompanied by a sharp rise
      in the plasma corticosterone level. It is noteworthy however that ovariectomy
      reduced the morning level of CRF activity without elevating the afternoon level,
      resulting in a peak shift toward noon. The female pattern of CRF rhythmpersisted
      similarly after bilateral ganglionectomy which is known to affect the biogenic
      amine rhythm in the pineal gland. The persistence of the female pattern may
      suggest some endogenous nature of the rhythm. It was then possibly that sex
      differentiation in the central nervous system (CNS) might be related with
      manifestation of the female pattern. In order to elucidate this point, postnatal
      development of circadian rhythm of CRF activity was examined in male and female
      rats separately. It was found that the CRF rhythm became manifest both in male
      and female rats around the third week of postnatal life and there was no
      essential difference in their rhythm pattern. In other words, both male and
      female rats begin their CRF rhythm with so-called male pattern, with higher
      values in the afternoon than in the end of the third week of life. In contrast,
      the CRF rhythm in females rats showed a marked change at ages of five to six
      weeks during which the onset of puberty intervened in our series of
      experiment;during this period, the CRF rhythm in female rats turned into the so
      called female pattern, with higher values of CRF activity in the morning than in
      the afternoon. It was of interest that a marked rise in the plasma
      corticosterone, characteristic of mature female rats, concomitantly appeared.
      Further attempt were made to examine the effect of gonadal hormones in the
      periratal period. The hypothalamic CRF content in androgen sterilized female rats
      as well as in neonatally castrated male rats showed no circadian rhythm. The
      results implicate subtleness of hormonal effect in simulating physiological
      processes. In fact, CRF rhythms are variable depending on stages of the estrous
      cycle: during proestrus and estrus, the CRF content was markedly higher in the
      morning (9 a.m.) than in the afternoon (4 p.m.). But no significant difference
      was observed between them during diestrus I and II...

PMID- 1084855
TI  - [Surgical therapy of ischemic heart diseases].

PMID- 1084856
TI  - [Surgical treatment of arrhythmia].

PMID- 1084857
TI  - Immunochemical study of an immunoglobulin-like molecule of murine thymocytes.

PMID- 1084858
TI  - In vitro effects of zinc chloride on spontaneous sheep red blood cell (e) rosette
      formation by lymphocytes from cancer patients and normal subjects.
AB  - The in vitro spontaneous formation of sheep red blood cell (SRBC) (E) rosettes by
      peripheral blood lymphocytes is altered in vitro by the addition of micro-molar
      quantities of zinc chloride. Appropriate concentrations of zinc chloride cause
      marked enhancement of rosette formation, both in normal subjects and in cancer
      patients with low initial E rosette values. The effect is dependent upon zinc
      treatment of the lymphocyte and not the SRBC. Other zinc-induced effects on E
      rosettes include retardation of temperature-dependent spontaneous decay,
      increased mechanical stability due to enhanced of "capping." The formation of EAC
      rosettes is not altered by the presence of zinc.

PMID- 1084859
TI  - Host defence mechanisms.

PMID- 1084861
TI  - Editorial: B.C.G. vaccination.

PMID- 1084860
TI  - Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in an urban area.

PMID- 1084862
TI  - Distribution of T and B lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue of infants and children.
AB  - Normal lymphoid tissue from children undergoing elective surgery was examined for
      T and B lymphocyte distribution. Although established for peripheral blood and
      bone marrow, T and B lymphocyte distributions have not been previously reported
      for lymph nodes, appendix, thymus, and spleen tissues in children. Thymus
      dependent T cells were determined by the sheep erythrocyte rosette technique, and
      thymus-independent B cells were determined by the fluorescent labeling of surface
      immunoglobulins A (IgA), G (IgG), and M (IgM). Fifty percent of lymph node cells
      were either T or B cells; 65% of these cells were T lymphocytes, whereas 58% of B
      cells were of the IgM subclass. Less than half of the appendix cells were either
      T or B cells; 47% of these were T lymphocytes, and the remainder B lymphocytes
      had subclass distribution similar to that of lymph nodes but different from
      peripheral blood and bone marrow where B cells bearing IgG predominate. Thymus
      tissue contained 43% T cells and less than 1% B cells, but the spleen was
      composed largely of B cells, predominantly of the IgM type. Lymphoid tissue from
      nine children with either inflammatory or neoplastic diseases were studied and
      included for contrast. This paper establishes relative distribution values for T
      and B lymphocytes in normal lymphoid tissue and points out the potential use of
      this technique to quantitate deviations from normal in certain inflammatory and
      neoplastic diseases.

PMID- 1084863
TI  - Tube leukocyte adherence inhibition assay for the detection of anti-tumor
      immunity. I. Monocyte is the reactive cell.
AB  - Peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) from breast cancer patients with early or
      localized cancer fail to adhere to glass in the presence of breast cancer
      extract. The same leukocytes do not react to unrelated tumour extracts.
      Enrichment and depletion of certain PBL populations from patients with apparently
      localized breast cancer indicated that the indicator and/or reactive cell
      manifesting non-adherence in the presence of appropriate tumour antigen was
      phagocytic, glass adherent in the absence of tumour antigen and had cell surface
      Fc-receptors. The cell involved, therefore, appears to be the circulating
      monocyte. These results show that in the tube LAI assay, the peripheral blood
      monocyte appears to react directly with the tumour antigen resulting in a loss of
      its property of adherence to glass.

PMID- 1084864
TI  - Sulphydryl and disulphide groups in normal and irradiated epidermis.
AB  - The distribution of sulphydryl (SH) and disulphide (SS) groups in normal and
      irradiated epidermis of newly-born rats was studied by microspectrophotometric
      quantitation of the Mercury-Orange reaction. In order to obtain information on
      (1) the total content of both groups within the different strata of the
      epithelium, and (2) the mean SH and SS concentration, which is an indicator of
      the density of these groups per unit of tissue. The content of both groups
      increased in relation to the extent of irradiated area, whereas there was a
      decrease in the mean concentration. The increase in content of SH and SS would
      lead to augmented production of keratin substance previously reported in
      irradiated epithelia, coincidentally with an acanthotic response. The decrease in
      concentration of SH and SS indicates a destruction of these groups at cellular
      level, which may be due to membrane alterations. The findings would explain an
      acceleration of the keratinizing process together with modifications, both in
      quality and in quantity, in the horny substance.

PMID- 1084865
TI  - Somatic aberration induction in Tradescantia occidentalis by neutrons, x- and
      gamma-radiations. I. Dosimetry.
AB  - The dosimetry is described for an investigation of the induction of somatic
      aberrations in Tradescantia occidentalis by substantially mono-energetic neutrons
      in the energy range 100 keV to 15 MeV, by 200 keV X-rays and cobalt-60 gamma
      radiation. Spectrometry was carried out for both neutrons and X-rays. Neutron
      fluence was measured by uranium fission chambers. Two types of ionization chamber
      were employed for dose measurement. One chamber was manufactured of CH-plastic
      and filled with acetylene and the other of graphite and filled with carbon
      dioxide. Dosimetry for X- and gamma-radiation was by means of lithium fluoride
      thermoluminescent dosemeters calibrated against a Victoreen ionization chamber.

PMID- 1084866
TI  - Somatic aberration induction in Tradescantia occidentalis by neutrons, x- and
      gamma-radiations. II. Biological results, r.b.e. and o.e.r.
AB  - Biological results, including statistical features, are described for the
      irradiation of Tradescantia occidentalis with 250 kVp X-rays, cobalt-60 gamma
      radiation and monoenergetic neutrons with energies between 0-08 and 15 MeV. The
      effect studied was that of the induction of pink sectors in the otherwise blue
      staminal hairs of the flowers at low doses of radiation. Statistical aspects of
      the results suggest that a fraction of the asynchronous cell population in the
      hairs is very sensitive to neutron radiation, but not necessarily to lower LET
      radiations. All the results were fitted by a least-squares method by polynomials
      of different degrees. Best fits to X- and gamma-ray data were provided by second
      degree polynomials, and to the neutron data by either second- or third-degree
      polynomials. Limiting r.b.e. and o.e.r. values at low doses are derived. Some
      computed microdosimetric parameters are presented in comparison with the r.b.e.
      values. It is concluded that the effect studied is complex and may not provide a
      critical test of bio-physical theories of radiation effects.

PMID- 1084867
TI  - Independence of the radiobiological oxygen constant, K, and the respiration rate
      of mammalian cells.
AB  - The radiosensitivity, and the radiobiological oxygen-constant K for mouse Ehrlich
      ascites cells depend on the pre-irradiation growth conditions. Measurements of
      the oxygen-consumption rate of cells grown by different methods have been made to
      ascertain whether the differences in radiobiological properties could be
      associated with different rates of respiration. Inhibition of respiration by
      sodium amytal had no significant effect on either the radiosensitivity or the
      estimate of K.

PMID- 1084868
TI  - The effects of x-irradiation on collagen metabolism in rat skin.
AB  - Collagen metabolism in rat skin and the response to X-radiation are studied
      during three consecutive hair-cycles. Collagen biosynthesis and turnover,
      assessed by the hydroxylation of [U-14C]-proline, proceeds as a function of the
      periodic hair-growth phenomenon. A single X-radiation treatment to the skin does
      not affect the amino-acid composition of collagen, but reduces the proline
      hydroxylation capacity of the fibroblasts. The initial damage to the tissue,
      resulting in a reduced collagen concentration of the skin, particularly
      noticeable after several hair-cycles, is at least partially responsible for the
      delayed skin lesions after irradiation.

PMID- 1084869
TI  - The metabolites of catecholamines in urine of patients irradiated
      therapeutically.
AB  - The metabolites of catecholamines were determined in 24-hour urine samples of
      patients with genital carcinoma and treated by radio therapy. The patients were
      irradiated first with gamma-rays of radium and then with X-rays. The radium
      sources (80 mCi) were placed intracavitarily for 46 hours twice within 2 weeks. X
      irradiation (800 R daily), applied 1 month after radium treatment, was delivered
      on four abdominal fields over 15 days. The quantities of excreted catecholamine
      metabolites during irradiation were compared with control values (obtained before
      irradiation) in the same patients. Gamma-irradiation provoked a significant
      increase in the excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-mandelic acid, metadrenaline and
      normetadrenaline, as well as of homovanillic acid, whereas X-irradiation provoked
      only a significant increase in the excretion of free 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy
      phenylglycol. The increased excretion might be explained: (1) in the case of
      radium application, by direct radiation-induced release of catecholamines from
      the peripheral symphathetic nerves; (2) in the case of X-irradiation, by putting
      in the motion the complex of early neuroendocrine reactions via irradiated
      adrenal medulla.

PMID- 1084870
TI  - Letter: Kinetics of cell populations in the intestinal epithelium of mice after
      partial-body irradiations with x-rays neutrons.

PMID- 1084871
TI  - Letter: Modification of the radiosensitivity of barley seed by posttreatment with
      caffeine. III. Influence of dose of irradiation and concentration of caffeine.

PMID- 1084872
TI  - The rates of electron transfer from ClUra- and ClUraH-to p-nitroacetophenone.
AB  - Pulse-radiolysis experiments demonstrate that both the radical ion CIUra-/- and
      the protonated radical CIUraH- Of chlorouracil will transfer electrons to p
      nitroacetophenone (PNAP). The reaction of CIUraH- is complicated by unknown
      reaction with PNAP below pH 4-4. Rate constants measured for reactions (2) and
      (3) are kappa2=5-3 x 109 and kappa3=3-3 x 109 M-1 sec -1. See article. An
      independent determination of the rate-constant for dissociation of the radical
      ion (equation (1)) was also obtained (kappa1=0-7 x 105 sec -1). See article.

PMID- 1084873
TI  - Induction by gamma-radiation of DNA synthesis in radicle cells of germinating
      seeds of Pisum sativum l.
AB  - In radicle meristem cells of germinating seeds of the pea (Pisum sativum L)
      before the onset of replicative synthesis of DNA, irradiation with 2-3 krad of
      gamma-rays induced the incorporation of 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR). Maximum isotope
      incorporation was noted during the first 2 hours after irradiation. Higher doses
      of radiation suppressed 3H-TdR incorporation. It was not seen after gamma
      irradiation of air-dried seeds, nor after fast-neutron irradiation. The
      replication inhibitors hydroxyurea and 5-aminouracil had no effect on the gamma
      induced incorporation of 3H-TdR, Whereas caffeine and acriflavine inhibited it to
      some extent. It is suggested that the gamma-radiation-induced incorporation of 3H
      TdR in meristem cells during the pre-replicative period may be connected with
      repair phenomena.

PMID- 1084874
TI  - Changes in morphogenesis and developmental enzyme levels in Dictyostelium
      discoideum after gamma irradiation.
AB  - Changes in the levels of specific activity of two enzymes believed to be involved
      in developmental regulation were observed after irradiating differentiating cells
      of Dictyostelium discoideum. Stimulation of the levels of specific activity of
      alkaline phosphatase occured after irradiation at the beginning of development
      and at the end of the aggregation period, but not after irradiation at the
      beginning of aggregation. A stimulation in UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase specific
      activity was also observed, but to a lesser extent and only after irradiation at
      the end of aggregation. Dose-dependent delays in the appearance of peaks of
      specific activity were noted. The delay per unit dose was less when irradiation
      took place at the beginning of development as opposed to the beginning or end of
      the aggregation period. Radiation-induced delays in progression through visible
      developmental stages were almost identical to delays in enzyme appearance. Other
      radiation effects on morphogenesis included the induction of a migratory slug
      phase.

PMID- 1084876
TI  - Letter: "Guidelines for massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding".

PMID- 1084875
TI  - Letter: Effect of tonicity on radiosensitivity of mammalian cells.

PMID- 1084877
TI  - Proceedings: Characterization of membrane IgD on human lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084878
TI  - Central problems in tumor immunology, 1976.

PMID- 1084879
TI  - Surface markers and other characteristics of the lymphocyte in chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - The vast majority of leukemic cells bear surface Ig. The class restriction of
      this surface Ig and other characteristics described for chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia (CLL) are considered as evidence for the monoclonality of the neoplastic
      proliferation. Different CLL cases with various expressions of surface Ig
      represent various degrees of block in the maturation of the lymphocytes. Through
      the use of other cell markers, it has been shown that most cases of CLL represent
      B cell neoplasia. Variations in the expression of the various B cell markers on
      the leukemic cells were observed. One case in which the leukemic cells were
      clearly T cell in character, and a single case of mixed B and T CLL, are
      described. The significance of the sheep red blood cell rosette-forming cells in
      CLL is discussed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) can be a useful adjunct to
      the identification of B- and T-derived lymphocytes. According to these criteria,
      leukemic cells are mostly of the B type, although variations in their surface
      architecture were noted. It is concluded that SEM alone cannot consistently
      distinguish between leukemic B and T cells. Electron microscope studies of
      mitogen-transformed CLL lymphocytes suggest that there is a residual normal B and
      T population of cells in addition to the predominant, abnormally reacting cells,
      which are mostly of B origin. Antigenic changes on the surface of CLL lymphocytes
      are suggestive of normal antigens present on young normal lymphocytes, rather
      than of the emergence of truly "tumor-specific" antigens. These antigens are
      independent of the T or B origin of the leukemia. CLL lymphocytes are shown to be
      defective in their ability to form caps with concanavalin A and anti-HL-A sera,
      and in their osmotic regulatory capacity.

PMID- 1084880
TI  - A syngeneic metastatic tumor model in mice: the natural immune response of the
      host and its manipulation.
AB  - The cell-mediated immune response against a transplantable syngeneic metastatic
      solid tumor in mice was studied. The immune reactivity of spleen cells from tumor
      bearing mice was found to vary during development of the tumor. For about a week
      after tumor transplantation, the spleen cells were able to protect recipient mice
      against challenge with tumor cells. Subsequently, the protective activity was
      replaced by an enhancing activity. Recipient mice that received tumor cells
      together with spleen cells from mice bearing tumors for about two or three weeks
      had a higher incidence of tumor takes and larger tumors than controls. This
      enhancement of tumor development was correlated with the size of the local tumor
      or metastases in the donors. The enhancing activity was found to be mediated by T
      lymphocytes and appeared to suppress the protective immune response of the
      recipients. We devised a system to strengthen the immune response of the host
      against the development of tumor metastases. In the tumor model used, removal of
      the local tumor after s.c. transplantation failed to prevent the development of
      lung metastases and death in most of the mice. However, syngeneic spleen cells
      which had been sensitized in vitro against tumor cells were found to serve as
      immunotherapeutic agents. Injection of such spleen cells into mice from which
      primary tumor implants had been removed surgically led to a markedly increased
      survival. Spleen cells from both normal and tumor-sensitized donors were
      effective, but splenocytes from mice bearing large tumors did not reduce
      metastatic development after sensitization in vitro. Thus, protection against the
      development of lethal metastases can be achieved with certain types of
      lymphocytes sensitized in vitro.

PMID- 1084881
TI  - Selection and enrichment of antigen-specific T lymphocyte populations.
AB  - Antigen-specific T lymphocytes bind in vitro to cells carrying alloantigens or to
      macrophages bearing antigen to which the lymphocytes were sensitized. This
      phenomenon is the basis of present procedures for the isolation and enrichment of
      antigen-specific T lymphocytes. The antigen-mediated adherence permits the
      removal of T cells with other specificities, which do not bind to the antigen
      containing monolayer. The subsequent activation and multiplication of the antigen
      bound cells further increases the proportion of the antigen-specific lymphocytes
      in culture. The selected cells, which are derived from a small fraction of the
      initial lymphocyte population, proliferate until they comprise up to 30% of the
      original total cell number. Another factor favoring enrichment is that
      unactivated cells do not survive well in culture whereas antigen-specific
      activated cells maintain their viability. Indeed, the selected cells can be
      maintained for a few weeks in culture. The activity of the selected lymphocytes
      is elevated toward the antigen used for enrichment, but lowered, or absent,
      toward other antigens. The progeny of the antigen-adherent lymphocytes are thus
      seen to be enriched for one antigen-specific subpopulation, and deprived of
      lymphocytes committed to other antigens. Cells obtained by this procedure should
      prove to be very useful for the functional analysis of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084882
TI  - Surface phenotype of nonadherent peritoneal cells effecting cell-mediated
      cytotoxicity in vitro for allogeneic and syngeneic murine sarcoma cells.
AB  - The participation of B cells in cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) for allogeneic
      and syngeneic murine sarcoma cells induced with 3-methylcholanthrene was
      investigated. Primed nonadherent peritoneal cells (NAPC) were treated with
      antisera against lymphocyte surface antigens and complement, and residual CMC
      activity was measured with the [3H]proline microassay. The antisera (anti-PC.1
      and various anti-Ig sera) used for this purpose were highly reactive with B cells
      according to established serologic criteria. Elimination of cells that carried
      PC.1 or Ig on their surface did not diminish CMC of NAPC for allogeneic or
      syngeneic tumor cells. Exposure of cytotoxic NAPC to various anti-Ig antisera
      (without complement) before and during the CMC assay did not inhibit CMC either.
      We conclude that under these conditions CMC is not mediated by B cells, nor is it
      dependent on their presence. In addition, our findings do not implicate any of
      the usual classes and types of Ig covered by the Ig antisera used in this study
      as constituting specific receptors on the effector T cells of CMC.

PMID- 1084883
TI  - Induction of cell-mediated immunity in the mouse: circumstantial evidence for
      highly immunogenic antigen in the regional lymph nodes following skin painting
      with contact sensitizing agents.
AB  - This paper describes an investigation of why contact sensitizing agents cause
      strong cell-mediated immunity. Contact sensitivity was induced in mice by
      painting the skin with 4-ethoxymethylene-2-phenyloxazolone (oxazolone), and
      measured by the increase of ear thickness following challenge six days later.
      Reactivity was transferred by taking the regional lymph node cells from mice 18 h
      after immunization and injecting them into the footpads of recipients. This "18-h
      transfer" has several characteristics. As few as 2 X 10(4) cells were effective.
      The donor lymph node cells were best taken one to three days after immunization,
      were less effective on day 4 and virtually inactive by day 7. The recipients
      developed contact sensitivity when challenged on day 4, but lacked sensitivity
      when challenged on days 1 and 2 after transfer. The transferred cells were still
      active after treatment with anti-theta serum and complement. They also resisted
      2,000 R in vitro, mitomycin, vinblastine, and inhibitors of protein synthesis
      such as emetine, cycloheximide and puromycin. The transfer was prevented by
      treatment with trypsin, freeze-thawing, and heating at 56 C. Plasma membranes
      were also immunogenic. The evidence suggests that the "18-h transfer" is a
      special type of active immunization, not due to ordinary free oxazolone, and that
      the agent is present within the lymph node in a free oxazolone, and that the
      agent is present within the lymph node in a specially immunogenic location or
      form.

PMID- 1084884
TI  - [Immuno-compentence in patients with bladder carcinoma].

PMID- 1084885
TI  - New high-molecular decomposition products of natamycin (pimaricin) with intact
      lactone-ring.
AB  - Mild acid treatment of natamycin (IV) results in biologically inactive
      aponatamycin (VI), an amphoteric substance with some natamycin-like chemical and
      physical properties. Aponatamycin contains one natamycin- and one natamycinolide
      moiety. More drastic acid degradation of natamycin eliminates the aminosugar
      under formation of the dimer (VII) of  the hypothetical aglycone of natamycin,
      natamycinolide (V) as well as a non-ionic compound, the dimer of the 12-decarboxy
      11-anhydro analogue of natamycinolide.

PMID- 1084886
TI  - Comparison of the chemical, physical, and survival properties of normal and Z
      variant alpha-1-antitrypsins.
AB  - A procedure has been developed for the purification of Z-type alpha-1-antitrypsin
      (alpha-1-AT) which is rapid, gentle, and results in good yields. From 4 units
      (750 ml) of fresh human plasma, obtained from two individuals possessing the Pizz
      phenotype, 53 mg of pure Z-type alpha-1-AT was obtained. The preparation was
      homogeneous by the criteria of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, both in the
      presence and absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and by analytical
      ultracentrifugation. When compared to pure alpha-1-AT from plasma of individuals
      possessing the normal PiMM phenotype, the two proteins were indistinguishable
      with respect to amino acid composition, sedimentation coefficient (s20w of 3.33
      for both M and Z), molecular weight (51,000 by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel
      electrophoresis and 47,000 by sedimentation equilibrium for both M and Z), and
      trypsin-combining ratio (0.91 for Z and 0.99 for M). The only difference which
      was observed between the variant forms of alpha-1-AT was in the carbohydrate
      composition. The Z-type alpha1-AT contains between 20 and 25% less carbohydrate
      than the M-type alpha-1-AT. Specifically, the Z-type alpha-1-AT is deficient in 1
      glucosamine residue, 3 neutral sugar residues (1 mannose and 2 galactose), and 2
      sialic acid residues. Although the Z-variant is deficient in sialic acid, its
      survival time in the serum of a rabbit was not significantly different from that
      of M-type alpha-1-AT.

PMID- 1084887
TI  - [Electromyography and rheumatology (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084888
TI  - Axonal transport of [3H]serotonin in an identified neuron of Aplysia californica.
AB  - A population of characteristic ellipsoidal dense-core vesicles was identified in
      axons of the giant cerebral neuron of the mollusc Aplysia. We injected
      [3H]serotonin into the cell body of this identified serotonergic neuron in the
      isolated central nervous system in order to study the subcellular components
      associated with the neurotransmitter. Subcellular fractionation by differential
      centrifugation indicated that injected serotonin was rapidly taken up into
      particulate form. [3H]Serotonin appeared in the axons within 2 h after injection,
      and export continued at a constant rate of 6% of the total in the neuron/h
      thereafter. The dependence of the total amounts of [3H]serotonin which appeared
      in the axons in 6 h (export from the cell body) on the amounts injected was
      consistent with the idea that export is a saturable process, possibly depending
      on the capacity of somatic vesicles or of some unidentified carrier for
      serotonin. [3H]Serotonin moved into both major branches of the axon, where it was
      translocated rapidly. The transmitter, which was shown by autoradiography to be
      restricted to the axons of the injected cell, was distributed along axons in
      accumulations of radioactivity; in contrast, its precursor, [5
      3H]hydroxytryptophan, moved slowly along axons in a smooth, declining curve, its
      kinetics consistent with diffusion. Quantitative electron microscope
      autoradiography revealed that the dense-core vesicles and the cytosol of axons
      fixed with glutaraldehyde were labeled with [3H]serotonin.

PMID- 1084889
TI  - Human serum binding capacity and affinity for 25-hydroxyergocalciferol and 25
      hydroxycholecalciferol.
AB  - 25-Hydroxyvitamin D-binding capacity and affinity were studied in human cord,
      adult, and maternal sera, and in sera from women receiving oral contraceptives,
      by in vitro satuaration analyses employing dextran-coated charcoal to adsorb
      unbound sterol. 25-Hydroxyergocalciferol and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol were
      equipotent in their ability to displace 3H 25-hydroxycholecalciferol from human
      serum binding sites. At 0C, the apparent dissociation constant for the serum
      binding of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol was low (Kd=8x 10-10M). Cord and adult sera
      had a similar 25-hydroxycholecalciferol binding capacity (1.8 x 10-6M), but the
      binding capacity of maternal sera and the sera from women receiving oral
      contraceptives was significantly higher. At physiological serum concentrations of
      25-hydroxyvitamin D (5 x 10-8M), only 2-3% of human serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
      bindig sites are occupied.

PMID- 1084890
TI  - Studies on human antihemophilic factor. Evidence for a covalently linked subunit
      structure.
AB  - When purified antihemophilic factor (Factor VIII) was rechromatographed on 4%
      agarose in 0.15 M NaCl or 1.0 M NaCl, a single protein peak, containing both
      procoagulant activity and von Willebrand factor activity, as defined by
      ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation, was eluted in the void volume. Purified
      Factor VIII immediately lost about 30% of its procoagulant activity when
      dissolved in 0.25 M CaCl2, and when rechromatographed on 4% agarose in 0.25 M
      CaCl2, the protein peak and von Willebrand factor activity remained coincident in
      the void volume; however, most of the remaining procoagulant activity was eluted
      after the void volume. The elution position of Factor VIII procoagulant activity
      from 4% agarose in 0.25 M CaCl2, and hence its apparent molecular weight, varied
      with the protein concentration applied to the column; at low protein
      concentrations it was eluted close to the inner volume. Yet on Sephadex G-200 in
      0.25 M CaCl2, the protein and procoagulant activity were eluted together in the
      void volume. These observations suggested that the Factor VIII procoagulant
      activity was not eluting according to size or shape, but was adsorbing to some
      extent to the agarose. Isolated activity peak material from the 0.25 M CaCl2
      columns contained protein and had a typical ultraviolet spectrum. Even at high
      concentrations, the protein contained no thrombin, Factors IX, X, or Xa activity,
      or detectable phospholipid. In addition to Factor VIII procoagulant activity,
      which could be inactivated by a human antibody to Factor VIII, the activity peak
      protein also contained von Willebrand factor activity. Like native Factor VIII
      and the void volume protein, the activity peak contained protein that did not
      enter a sodium dodecyl sulfate 5% polyacrylamide gel in the absence of reducing
      reagent. After reduction of disulfide bonds, several subunits ranging from
      195,000 to 30,000 daltons were observed. These results indicate that the protein
      in the shifted Factor VIII procoagulant activity peak is large and that its
      anomalous elution pattern from 4% agarose in 0.25 M CaCl2 results from
      interaction with the agarose. The Factor VIII-like properties of the activity
      peak protein and its electrophoretic pattern on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels
      suggest that it is a species of Factor VIII modified by proteolytic cleavage.
      These results allow an interpretation that is different from the recently
      proposed "carrier protein-small active subunit" hypotheses for the structure
      function relationships of the Factor VIII molecule.

PMID- 1084891
TI  - [A biophysical analysis of the effect of Coriolis accelerations on the vestibular
      analyzer].

PMID- 1084892
TI  - Stability and change in types of behavioral disturbance of children and
      adolescents.

PMID- 1084893
TI  - Obstructive airway disease associated with heterozygous alpha-1-antitrypsin
      deficiency.
AB  - Twenty-eight members of one family were investigated for the presence of
      pulmonary disease concurrent with variable (ZZ, MZ, or MS) degrees of alpha-1
      antitrypsin deficiency. Three symptomatic siblings (2, ZZ; 1, MZ) had abnormal
      pulmonary scans and abnormal routine pulmonary function studies. Five
      asymptomatic heterozygotes, three of whom had never smoked and were the youngest
      studied, had distinctly abnormal closing volumes. Three of the five patients also
      had abnormal perfusion dynamics when scanning was done in the upright position.
      Pulmonary dysfunction occurs in asymptomatic heterozygotes but requires the use
      of sensitive techniques for its appreciation.

PMID- 1084894
TI  - Low molecular weight immunoglobulins in Rana catesbeiana tadpoles.
AB  - Rana catesbeiana tadpoles formed high and low m.w. antibodies in response to
      immunization with a bacteriophage. Although the neutralizing activity associated
      with the low m.w. immunoglobulins was relatively weak, the existence of
      antibodies in this class was clearly demonstrated by radioimmunoelectrophoresis.
      Moreover, two antigenically distinct variants of the low m.w. antibodies were
      detected. These were serologically indistinguishable from the two types of low
      m.w. immunoglobulin previously isolated from the serum of adult frogs of this
      species.

PMID- 1084895
TI  - Function of 2-mercaptoethanol as a macrophage substitute in the primary immune
      response in vitro.
AB  - The mechanism by which 2-ME acts as a macrophage-substitute for the induction of
      a primary PFC response to SRC in vitro was studied in macrophage-depleted mouse
      spleen cell cultures. 2-ME could replace macrophages only in FCS-supplemented
      cultures. Evidence is presented that the function of 2-ME is independent of
      residual macrophages. Neither normal nor macrophage-depleted spleen cell cultures
      from congenitally athymic nude mice supplemented with 2-ME, with or without FCS,
      could give rise to a primary in vitro anti-SRC immune response. 2-ME, at an
      optimal concentration of 10(-5) M, induced DNA synthesis in normal and macrophage
      depleted spleen cells in both FCS-containing and serum-free cultures. The peak
      response occurred on day 3. The stimulation was accompanied by a polyclonal B
      cell activation to antibody secretion which was much more pronounced in FCS
      containing than in serum-free cultures. Spleen cells from nude mice showed a
      weaker DNA stimulation than did cells from normal mice in FCS-containing
      cultures, and nearly no response under serum-free conditions. T cells obtained by
      a nylon column adherence method from normal mouse spleen cells showed good DNA
      synthetic responses in FCS-containing, but no response in serum-free cultures.
      These results show that 2-ME has weak mitogenic activity for B cells, and in
      combination with FCS, strong mitogenic activity for T cells. Since the macrophage
      provides stimulation to the T cell in the primary anti-SRC PFC response in vitro,
      these results suggest that the direct mitogenic activity of 2-ME with FCS on T
      cells provides the functional substitution for macrophages.

PMID- 1084896
TI  - Immunogen structure and cell selection. I. Cellular requirements for the in vitro
      response to moderately haptenated forms of the solid-phase immunogen DNP-O-Bio
      Gel-P.
AB  - The cellular requirements for the in vitro response to DNP-O-Bio-Gel-P were
      determined. Results of these experiments indicate that: 1) splenic adherent cells
      are required for generation of anti-hapten PFC to the solid phase immunogen; and
      2) cultured nude-mouse spleen cells have far less capacity to respond to the
      immunogen than do cells from wild type mice. These experiments suggest that both
      T and B cells are required for responsiveness to the moderately haptenated form
      of DNP-O-Bio-Gel-P.

PMID- 1084897
TI  - Two functionally distinct anti-tumor effector cells isolated from primary murine
      sarcoma virus-induced tumors.
AB  - The ability of cells from primary MSV-induced tumors to function as effector
      cells in vitro was evaluated. Host cells were isolated by enzymatic
      disaggregation of the tumor and fractionated by sedimentation velocity at unit
      gravity on a Ficoll gradient. Characterization of these cells indicated that 30
      to 40 % were T lymphocytes, about 50% were macrophages and less than 5% were B
      lymphocytes. Two different functional activities were mediated by these cells:
      cytolysis, as measured by the CRA, and inhibition of proliferation, as measured
      by the GIA. The effector cells in the CRA were T cells with sedimentation
      velocities of 3.5 to 4.0 mm/hr, whereas those cells which mediated the GIA were
      presumably macrophages and displayed a heterogeneity in size two peak
      sedimentation velocities, one at 4.0 mm/hr and another at 6.0 mm/hr. Activity by
      the effector cells in the CRA was antigen specific in contrast to the activity in
      the GIA which was directed against cells which did not carry detectable cross
      reacting antigens.

PMID- 1084898
TI  - B lymphocytes in the guinea pig thymus are specifically localized in the central
      area.
AB  - Since the central area is an integral part of the guinea pig thymus, the cells in
      this area were compared with those in the thymic cortex and medulla in cryostat
      sections by using methods for demonstration of E-, EA-, EAC-adherence and surface
      membrane immunoglobulins. In the extra cortical central area (ECCA) 15 to 25% of
      the lymphocytes showed EAC-adherence and 5 to 10% appeared to bear surface
      membrane immunoglobulins (SIg). In the lymph sinuses up to 70% of the lymphocytes
      were EAC- and SIg-positive. A small amount of EAC-adhering cells was present in
      the medulla of the central area. Cortical lymphocytes were EAC- and SIg-negative.
      From these results we conclude that in the guinea pig thymus B lymphocytes are
      specifically localized in the central area.

PMID- 1084899
TI  - Requirements for induction of T cell tolerance to DNFB: efficiency of membrane
      associated DNFB.
AB  - Tolerance to contact sensitization with DNFB, a T cell-dependent phenomenon, was
      induced in mice by preparations of DNFB coupled to mouse RBC or spleen cells.
      Such tolerance is dose related, wanes with time, and can be transferred to normal
      animals with lymphoid cells (presumably containing suppressors). Tolerance to
      DNFB-RBC can be produced by whole DNFB-RBC, by ghosts of these cells, by
      sonicates of the ghosts, and by detergent-treated DNFB-RBC ghosts. Tolerance
      cannot be produced by larger amounts of DNFB-RBC components not associated with
      membrane. The ability of various DNP compounds to stimulate DNA synthesis in DNFB
      sensitized cells also correlates with their ability to bind to protein
      components; i.e., DNFB is a far more efficient stimulator than DNBSO, whereas
      DNPlysine does not stimulate at all. Thus, the ability to sensitize or to
      tolerize with DNFB congeners is related to their ability to couple to proteins.
      It appears that the active induction of T cell tolerance requires that tolerogen
      be coupled to cell membranes. Since both T cell sensitization and tolerance to
      DNFB are best produced by DNFB-membrane, the actual occurrence of one state or
      the other must depend on the molecular method of "presentation" of DNFB-membrane.

PMID- 1084900
TI  - Rat T lymphocyte-specific antigens and their cross-reactivity with mouse T cells.
AB  - Anti-rat T lymphocyte serum (ATLS)2 was prepared by immunizing rabbits with
      purified T cells from rat mesenteric nodes and absorbed with rat red cells and
      syngeneic sarcoma cells. The specificity of ATLS for rat T cells was confirmed by
      the following reasons: a) ATLS was not toxic for bone marrow cells but lysed most
      of the thymocytes and a number of spleen and lymph node cells, which were
      inversely correlated to the percentage of cells with B cell characteristics in
      respective organs; b) anatomical localization of ATLS-reactive cells in lymphoid
      organs coincided to the thymus-dependent areas, i.e. the paracortex of lymph node
      and the periarteriolar region of spleen; c) spleen cells treated with ATLS and
      complement failed to respond to phytohemagglutinin but normally responded to
      bacterial lipopolysaccharide; d) those cells treated with ATLS and complement
      could not induce a graft-vs-host reaction in F1 hosts, whereas the same treatment
      did not affect direct plaque-forming cells. All of these data confirm the
      specificity of ATLS and indicate that ATLS recognizes rat T lymphocyte-specific
      antigens (RTLA). Absorption studies showed that RTLA were present in higher
      concentration on medullary thymocytes and peripheral T cells than on cortical
      thymocytes, but absent from bone marrow, liver, and brain tissues. When the cross
      reactivity of RTLA with mouse T cells was studied by C-dependent cytotoxicity and
      immunofluorescence, it was found that mouse T cells shared at least one
      determinant of RTLA with rat T cells, and that distribution pattern of the cross
      reacting antigens in mouse lymphoid tissues was essentially the same as that of
      RTLA in rat lymphoid organs.

PMID- 1084901
TI  - Isolation of a murine leukemia FC receptor by selective release induced by
      surface redistribution.
AB  - A protein which binds to the Fc region of IgG has been isolated from the murine
      leukemia L1210. The isolation technique involves surface cross-linking of the
      cells's Fc receptors with the use of aggregated human IgG and anti-human IgG.
      This results in the redistribution (patch formation and capping) of the cells's
      Fc receptors. Lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination of the cells before
      complex binding indicates that Fc receptor redistribution results in the
      selective release of surface proteins. SDS-PAGE analyses of the supernatants from
      cells thus treated reveals a major peak corresponding to a molecular weight of
      45,000 daltons. This protein has been purified from the cell supernatants by
      immunoprecipitation and chromatography of the percipitates on Sephadex G-200
      under dissociating conditions. After separation from the immune complex this
      protein can be bound to heat-aggregated IgG, but not aggregated F(ab')2
      fragments. The 45,000 dalton protein appears to be the Fc receptor which has been
      released from the cell surface in association with the complex.

PMID- 1084902
TI  - T lymphocyte-enriched murine peritoneal exudate cells. III. Inhibition of antigen
      induced T lymphocyte Proliferation with anti-Ia antisera.
AB  - The recent development of a reliable murine T lymphocyte proliferation assay has
      facilitated the study of T lymphocyte function in vitro. In this paper, the
      effect of anti-histocompatibility antisera on the proliferative response was
      investigated. The continuous presence of anti-Ia antisera in the cultures was
      found to inhibit the responses to the antigens poly (Glu58 Lys38 Tyr4) [GLT],
      poly (Tyr, Glu) ploy D,L Ala-poly Lys [(T,G)-A--L], poly (Phe, Glu)-poly D,L Ala
      poly Lys [(phi, G)-A--L], lactate dehydrogenase H4, staphylococcal nuclease, and
      the IgA myeloma protein, TEPC 15. The T lymphocyte proliferative responses to all
      of these antigens have previously been shown to be under the genetic control of
      major histocompatibility-linked immune response genes. The anti-Ia antisera were
      also capable of inhibiting proliferative responses to antigens such as PPD, to
      which all strains respond. In contrast, antisera directed solely against H-2K or
      H-2D antigens did not give significant inhibition. Anti-Ia antisera capable of
      reacting with antigens coded for by genetically defined subregions of the I locus
      were capable of completely inhibiting the proliferative response. In the two
      cases studied, GLT and (T,G)-A--L, an Ir gene controlling the T lymphocyte
      proliferative response to the antigen had been previously mapped to the same
      subregion as that which coded for the Ia antigens recognized by the blocking
      antisera. Finally, in F1 hybrids between responder and nonresponder strains, the
      anti-Ia antisera showed haplotype-specific inhibition. That is, anti-Ia antisera
      directed against the responder haplotype could completely block the antigen
      response controlled by Ir genes of that haplotype; anti-Ia antisera directed
      against Ia antigens of the nonresponder haplotype gave only partial or no
      inhibition. Since this selective inhibition was reciprocal depending on which
      antigen was used, it suggested that the mechanism of anti-Ia antisera inhibition
      was not cell killing or a nonspecific turning off of the cell but rather a
      blockade of antigen stimulation at the cell surface. Furthermore, the selective
      inhibition demonstrates a phenotypic linkage between Ir gene products and Ia
      antigens at the cell surface. These results, coupled with the known genetic
      linkage of Ir genes and the genes coding for Ia antigens, suggest that Ia
      antigens are determinants on Ir gene products.

PMID- 1084903
TI  - Cellular specificity of plasmacytoma-induced immunosuppression.
AB  - The pattern of immunodeficiency in plasmacytoma-bearing mice appears to be
      unique. Mice bearing these tumors exhibit a severe impairment in their ability to
      mount a primary immune response to thymus-dependent and -independent antigens.
      However, cell-mediated immune functions in these mice apparently remain intact.
      Thus, when T cell activity of lymph node cells from plasmacytoma-bearing mice was
      tested in vivo by sensitization with dinitrofluorobenzene and in vitro by
      responsiveness to phytohemmagglutinin, allogeneic cells, and dinitrobenzene
      sulfonate, cell-mediated immunity was found to be normal.

PMID- 1084904
TI  - T cell requirement for experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induction in the
      rat.
AB  - The question of whether a cell-mediated or a humoral mechanism initiates EAE in
      rats sensitized with BP-CFA was investigated. The requirement of T cells for EAE
      induction was manifested when Tx, irradiated rats were reconstituted with normal
      lymphoid cells treated with ATS and then injected with BP-CFA. Neither EAE nor
      antibody was produced, indicating the T cell dependency of BP specific antibody
      production. More precise information regarding the role of the T cell in the
      production of EAE was obtained by means of passive transfer of EAE with
      sensitized lymphocytes. Thus, transfer of lymphoid cells from rats previously
      sensitized to BP-CFA into Tx, irradiated rats elicited EAE and antibodies to BP.
      However, no EAE followed when the transferred cells were first depleted of T
      cells by treatment with ATS. Nevertheless, ATP pretreatment did not depress the
      levels of antibody to BP produced in the transfer recipients. The latter finding
      indicates that the cells from animals sensitized 9 days previously were already
      committed to the production of antibodies to BP. Therefore, a) T cells are
      absolutely necessary for induction of EAE and b) antibody detected by antigen
      binding is not responsible for the pathogenesis of this disease.

PMID- 1084905
TI  - Recruitment of effector lymphocytes by initiator lymphocytes. Circulating
      lymphocytes are trapped in the reacting lymph node.
AB  - In previous studies, we have shown that initiator T lymphocytes (ITL) sensitized
      in vitro recruit effector T lymphocytes in vivo. When ITL were sensitized against
      fibroblast antigens in vitro and injected into footpads of syngeneic recipients,
      they induced enlargement of the draining popliteal lymph node (PLN) and the
      development there of specific effector lymphocytes of recipient origin. To study
      the basis of this lymph node response in recruitment, we injected 51Cr-labeled
      spleen cells i.v. into recipients of sensitized ITL and found that the labeled
      circulating lymphocytes were trapped in the reacting PLN. The trapping depended
      on surface properties of the labeled circulating lymphocytes, as revealed by
      various enzymatic treatments. The trapping process was radiosensitive, both on
      the part of the trapped lymphocytes and the lymph node-trapping mechanism. Thus,
      sensitized ITL injected into the hind footpads migrate to the PLN and induce the
      trapping of circulating recruitable lymphocytes, which either differentiate into
      or regulate the differentiation of effector T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1084906
TI  - Deficient production of a thymus-dependent high affinity antibody subset in mice
      (CBA/N) with an X-linked B lymphocyte defect.

PMID- 1084907
TI  - Arteriography in the evaluation of acute gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1084908
TI  - Proceedings: The use of a fluorescent probe to demonstrate the interaction of
      calcium and oestradiol-17 beta in the thymic lymphocyte plasma membrane.

PMID- 1084909
TI  - Proceedings: Structural requirements for oestrogenic activity at the plasma
      membrane surface determined using the carbocyanine fluorescent probe.

PMID- 1084910
TI  - Proceedings: Mechanism of action of fast and delayed corticosteroid feedback at
      the hypothalamus.

PMID- 1084911
TI  - Infants are trichromats.

PMID- 1084912
TI  - A temporal dissociation of energy liberation and high energy phosphate splitting
      during shortening in frog skeletal muscles.
AB  - Measurements of the time course of high energy phosphate splitting and energy
      liberation were performed on rapidly shortening Rana pipiens skeletal muscles. In
      muscles contracting 30 times against small loads (less the 0.02P), the ratio of
      explained heat + work (H + W) (calculated from the measured high energy phosphate
      splitting) to observed H + W (from myothermal and mechanical measurements) was
      0.68 +/- 0.08 and is in agreement with results obtained in isometric tetani of R.
      pipiens skeletal muscle. In lightly afterloaded muscles which were tetanized for
      0.6a and whose metabolism was arrested at 3.0 s after the beginning of
      stimulation, a similar ratio of explained H + W to observed H + W was obtained.
      However, in identical contractions in which metabolism was arrested at 0.5-0.75 s
      after the beginning of stimulation, the ratio of explained H + W to observed H +
      W declined significantly to values  ranging from 0.15 to 0.40. These results
      suggest that rapid shortening at the beginning of contraction induces a delay
      between energy production and measurable high energy phosphate splitting. This
      interpretation was tested and confirmed in experiments in which one muscle of a
      pair contracted isometrically while the other contracted against a small
      afterload. The afterload and stimulus pattern were arranged so that at the time
      metabolism was arrested, 0.5 s after the beginning of stimulation, the total
      energy production by both muscles was the same. Chemical analysis revealed that
      the isotonically contracting muscle spilt only 25% as much high energy phosphate
      as did the isometrically contracting muscle.

PMID- 1084913
TI  - A reexamination of the thermoelastic effect in active striated muscle.
AB  - Isolated Rana pipiens sartorius muscles at 0degreeC were stimulated via their
      nerves and small stretches or releases applied during the plateau of the
      isometric tetanus at lo. Extra heat above the isometric maintenance heat was
      produced during the drop in tension caused by release and, for very small
      releases (delta less than or equal to 0.5% lo), was completely reabsorbed during
      tension recovery. The extra heat was always directly proportional to the tension
      change. Heat absorption proportional to the tension change was also observed
      during the increase in tension produced by small stretches in the range 0.5% lo
      less than or equal to deltal less than or equal to 3.0% lo. The mean heat:tension
      ratio R in seven experiments was -0.0084, which is within the range of values
      reported previously by Woledge. In addition, it was found that during tension
      recovery after small releases of 1.0% lo less than or equal to deltal less than
      or equal to 3.0% lo the "contractile" component seems able to shorten about 1% lo
      without producing shortening heat.

PMID- 1084914
TI  - Malignant spread of haemangioblastoma: report on two cases.
AB  - Two cases are described in which, after successful removal of a cerebellar
      haemangioblastoma followed by several years of freedom from symptoms, there
      developed a progressive spinal cord compression, leading to death. At necropsy
      the spinal cords in both cases and the brainstem in one case, were irregularly
      plastered with haemangioblastoma. Although there was no doubt that malignant
      spread had occurred from one or more primary tumours, the histology of the tumour
      tissue was in no way different from that of conventional haemangioblastoma.

PMID- 1084915
TI  - Microtubules in synapses of the retina.
AB  - Using a new method, microtubules can be seen running up to, and lying in close
      relationship with, the synaptic ribbons in the outer and inner plexiform layers
      of the frog retina. In the inner plexiform layer microtubules can be seen running
      up to the terminal membrane in the non-ribbon synapses. Unlike non-ribbon C.N.S.
      synapses (frog and rat) processed by the same method. There is no clear
      association between synaptic vesicles and microtubules in the approach regions.

PMID- 1084916
TI  - Electrical properties of frog motoneurons in the in situ spinal cord.
AB  - Electrical properties of the spinal motoneurons of Rana temporaria and R.
      esculenta were investigated in the in situ spinal cord at 20-22 degrees C by
      means of intracellular recording and current injection. Input resistance values
      depended on the method of measurement in a given cell but were generally
      inversely related to axon conduction velocity. The membrane-potential response to
      a subthreshold current pulse was composed of at least two exponentials with mean
      time constants of 2.5 and 20 ms. The membrance potential reached by the peak of a
      spike depended on the mode of spike initiation and membrane potential. Preceding
      a suprathreshold depolarization by a hyperpolarizing pulse could delay and
      eliminate spike initiation, similar to effects reported in certain invertebrate
      neurons. Antidromic invasion frequently failed in motoneurons of normal resting
      potential. Antidromic spike components (m,IS, SD) were similar to those of cat
      motoneurons. The delayed depolarization and the long afterhyperpolarization
      following an antidromic spike had many properties in common with the analogous
      afterpotentials of cat motoneurons. The reversal potential of the short
      afterhyperpolarization occurring immediately after the spike varied with resting
      potential and could not be used to determine potassium equilibrium potential.
      Sustained rhythmic firing could be evoked by continuous synaptic drive or long
      pulses of injected current. The plot of firing rate versus current strength had a
      substantial linear region. Both steady firing and adaptation properties varied
      markedly with motoneuron input resistance.

PMID- 1084917
TI  - Evidence for electrotonic coupling between frog motoneurons in the in situ spinal
      cord.
AB  - A recurrent EPSP was observed on antidromic stimulation of motoneurons in the in
      situ spinal cord of Rana temporaria and R. esculenta at 20-22C. The EPSP was
      finely graded and not refractory following full or partial antidromic spike
      components in a given neuron. The EPSP amplitude varied in parallel with the
      antidromic field potential under different conditions, suggesting transmission of
      the EPSP to the recorded motoneuron depended on invasion of the somadendritic
      membrane or neighboring motoneurons by the antidromic spike. The latency of the
      EPSP with respect to antidromic invasion of the local motoneuron pool was too
      short for the EPSP to be mediated by chemical transmission. It was concluded the
      EPSP was electrically transmitted between the somadendritic membranes of the
      motoneurons. Under certain conditions, the EPSP magnitude could be made to vary
      with membrane potential in a direction opposite to that expected from a chemical
      EPSP. Dendritic spikes were sometimes associated with the EPSP.

PMID- 1084918
TI  - Direct effect of electrical stimulation on peripheral nerve evoked activity:
      implications in pain relief.
AB  - Experiments were performed with a peripheral neurostimulator, used clinically for
      pain relief, on isolated cat cutaneous peripheral nerve to determine the effect
      of electrical stimulation on components of the compound action potential. The
      results show that neurostimulation alters the conduction velocity and the
      amplitude of both the A-alpha and beta and the A-delta waves with the more slowly
      conducting A-delta component showing the greatest changes. This direct alteration
      of peripheral nerve activity distal to the first synapse in the spinal cord might
      contribute to the mechanism of pain relief.

PMID- 1084919
TI  - Letter: When is a null cell null?

PMID- 1084920
TI  - Editorial: Hepatic manifestations of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1084921
TI  - [Pharmacological studies of triazine derivatives. III. Analgesic and anti
      inflammatory actions of 2-(benzylidenehydrazino)-4-tertbutyl-6-piperazino-s
      triazine (TR-35) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1084922
TI  - Proceedings: The role of endogenous prostaglandin synthesis in the maintenance of
      frog skin permeability.

PMID- 1084923
TI  - Sub-miniature end-plate potentials at untreated frog neuromuscular junctions.
AB  - 1. Some properties of unusually small spontaneous miniature end-plate potentials
      (sub-min.e.p.p.s) at untreated end-plates of adult frogs have been examined. 2.
      These small potentials, which show a fast time course, add a highly skewed
      component to the normal Gaussian distribution of min.e.p.p. amplitudes. 3. Sub
      min.e.p.p.s were not evoked by single nerve stimuli, though their frequency could
      be raised by tetanic nerve stimulation. 4. When min.e.p.p. rate was raised by
      addition of lanthanum, submin.e.p.p. frequency was also increased, though by a
      smaller factor than normal min.e.p.p.s. In contrast, sub-min.e.p.p. frequency was
      unchanged when min.e.p.p. rates were raised by either ethanol or hypertonic
      solutions.

PMID- 1084924
TI  - Proceedings: An in-vitro bio-assay for corticotrophin releasing factor without
      the use of suppressive drugs or surgical pretreatment.

PMID- 1084925
TI  - Re-innervation of twitch and slow muscle fibres of the frog after crushing the
      motor nerves.
AB  - 1. The conduction velocities of individual motor axons innervating twitch and
      slow muscle fibres of the frog were determined by intracellular recording of
      junctional potentials elicited by stimulating the motor nerves at two different
      points. 2. In normal pyriformis muscles twitch and slow fibres were found to be
      innervated by two distinct populations of motor axons. Twitch fibre axons
      conducted at 10-18-7 m/sec, while the conduction velocities of slow fibre axons
      ranged from 0-5 to 5 m/sec (at 7-9 degrees C). The thresholds for electrical
      stimulation were significantly lower in the fast than in the slow axons
      population. 3. Following denervation by crushing the sciatic nerve fast  axons
      which re-innervated the muscle had lower conduction velocities than normal but
      could still be identified. These lower conduction velocities were measured
      proximal to the site of the crush and did not recover over a period of 446 days.
      4. Fast motor axons regenerated more quickly than slow axons and re-innervated
      twitch as well as slow muscle fibres non-selectively. About 1 month later slow
      axons re-established synaptic contacts with slow (and some twitch) muscle fibres.
      Simultaneous re-innervation by fast and slow motor axons was occasionally
      observed in slow muscle fibres. Finally, the slow muscle fibres were innervated
      by slow axons only, while synapses of fast axons could no longer be found in this
      type of muscle fibre. 5. Action potentials were observed in denervated as well as
      in re-innervated slow muscle fibres; they disappeared as re-innervation
      progressed. 6. It is concluded that non-selective re-innervation of slow muscle
      fibres is present in the frog; it is, however, a transient phenomenon followed by
      restoration of the original innervation pattern.

PMID- 1084926
TI  - Studies on the role of macrophages in the antibody response of mice: stimulation
      of T cell-dependent antibody responses by tolerogenic soluble antigen trapped by
      macrophages.

PMID- 1084927
TI  - Macrophage function in the development of immunocompetence and in
      immunodeficiency.

PMID- 1084928
TI  - Regulatory role of macrophages in hemopoiesis.

PMID- 1084929
TI  - Relationship of lymphocytotoxic antibodies to lymphopenia and parameters of
      disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations determined in 40 patients with
      systemic lupus erythematosus, revealed significant lymphopenia in comparison to
      normal controls. The lymphopenia was caused by decreases in the absolute numbers
      of both T cells and surface immunoglobulin bearing (SIg) cells. There were
      significant percentage decreases in T cells and normal percentages of SIg cells,
      resulting in an increased percentage of "null" cells. The lymphopenia was
      significantly greater in patients considered to have active disease on the basis
      of clinical parameters, and was strongly correlated with lymphocytotoxic
      antibodies, DNA antibodies, and hypocomplementemia. The lymphocytotoxic
      antibodies were reactive with both T and B lymphocytes from normal and ill
      donors, human organs, and various lymphoblastoid cell lines. In 30 patients who
      were followed for up to 22 months, the lymphopenia was clearly seen to develop
      during, but not before, periods of clinical disease activity, independent of
      changes in therapy.

PMID- 1084930
TI  - Triple helices formed by polyuridylic acid with some amino deoxyadenosine
      derivatives.
AB  - The stability of helical structures formed by polyuridylic acid with nucleosides
      and nucleotides derived from adenosine is not significantly affected by replacing
      hydroxyl groups by hydrogen, amino, or azido functions. Stability is affected by
      the position of the phosphate group.

PMID- 1084932
TI  - Letter: Persistent limb pain in below-knee amputee.

PMID- 1084931
TI  - Aspects of obstetrical defibrination in West Malaysia.
AB  - Five patients illustrate various aspects of obstetrical defibrination in West
      Malaysia, resulting from exaggeration of changes in fibrinolytic-coagulation
      equilibrium that occur at delivery. Hypofibrinogenaemia and fibrinolysis may
      occur in association or either feature predominate. These patients are from a
      population in which a variety of genetic and environmental factors may interact,
      e.g. abnormal haemoglobins, cold agglutinins, viral and other infections,
      introducing additional complications.

PMID- 1084933
TI  - [Pathophysiology of stem cells in aplastic anemia (2)].

PMID- 1084934
TI  - [Electrical stimulation of the dorsal column of the spinal cord for pain
      elimination].

PMID- 1084935
TI  - [Nursing research. 8. Researches on environmental safety for patients in Japan].

PMID- 1084936
TI  - [Nursing in reference to safety--reevaluation of nursing standards. A
      discussion].

PMID- 1084937
TI  - [The efficacy of group therapy by nurses for hospitalized patients].

PMID- 1084938
TI  - [Analysis of nursing scenes by verbal quantification--a trial in application of
      information technology in nursing].

PMID- 1084939
TI  - The problem of ischemic heart disease: current approach and implications for
      curriculum design.

PMID- 1084940
TI  - [Characteristics of changes in the kinin system of blood in hypertensive
      disease].
AB  - The state of the kinin system of blood was studied in terms of its content of
      kininogen, prekallikrein, kallikrein inhibitor and the spontaneous esterase
      activity. The examination was conducted in 10 normal individuals and in 81
      hypertensive patients with labile and stable arterial pressure and an
      uncomplicated course. The studies were conducted at rest, during the transfer
      into an orthostatic position, and after 15 or 60 minutes of walking. The normals
      demonstrated an activation of the kinin system that ensued in orthostasis, but
      was more distinct at walking. A significant correlation was noted between the
      content of prekallikrein and kininogen in all the states under examination. In
      cases of labile arterial hypertension an increased activation of the blood kinin
      system was observed at rest, a lack of its activation at walking, and disorders
      in the correlation between the content of prekallikrein and kininogen. The
      observed changes in the kinin system may affect the central haemodynamics and the
      formation of the hyperkinetic type of circulation.

PMID- 1084941
TI  - Estimation of IgG-antiglobulins in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and
      chronic liver disorders.
AB  - Antiglobulin factors of the IgG class were measured in human sera by a modified
      immunoadsorbent-technique involving absorption to and elution from insoluble
      preparations of horse IgG. 32 mg of horse IgG insolubilized with bisdiazotized
      benzidine were used for quantitative immunoadsorption of IgG antiglobulins from
      100 mul serum. Different IgG-antiglobulin concentrations could be obtained in two
      control groups differing in age. Elevated IgG-antiglobulins levels were found
      both in seropositive (mean value 23.21 +/- 7.08 mug/ml serum) and seronegative
      (mean value 20.06 +/- 8.39 mug/ml serum) RA patients. High values of IgG
      antiglobulins were found in chronic liver disorders, particularly in the group of
      CAH patients (mean value 25.10 +/- 6.1 mug/ml serum).

PMID- 1084942
TI  - Uptake, localization and secretagogic action of some biogenic amines in the
      submandibular and pancreatic glands of the guinea pig.
AB  - The effects of noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 5-hydroxyptophan (5
      HTP), dopamine, L-DOPA and carbamylcholine on the secretion of amylase from
      guinea pig submandibular gland and pancreas were studied. Carbamylcholine
      stimulated both pancreatic and salivary gland amylase release, whereas the
      biogenic amines elicted amylase secretion only from the submandibular gland. L
      DOPA and 5-HTP, the precursor amino acids of dopamine and 5-HT, were without
      effects. In both glands 5-HT and dopamine were accumlated to a greater extent
      than their precursor amino acids. The uptake of biogenic amines into acinar cells
      and their effects on amylase secretion are compared and dicussed in terms of
      receptor specificity.

PMID- 1084943
TI  - A new transcutaneous stimulator for the nervous system.

PMID- 1084944
TI  - Patient participation in the problem-oriented system: a health care plan.
AB  - The problem-oriented system can be used to encourage the involvement of the
      patient in his health care. A Health Care Plan is described, the purposes of
      which include facilitation of provider-patient communication, and emphasis on the
      shared responsibility of provider and patient in problem solving and health
      maintenance. The Health Care Plan is not designed to supplant other parts of the
      system such as the problem list or audit.

PMID- 1084945
TI  - [Lepromatous leprosy after BCG vaccination].
AB  - The authors describe an eruption of cutaneons nodules after a BCG vaccination.
      Investigation demonstrated that the lesions were caused by Lepromata. An
      increased number of B lymphocytes was observed in the bloodstream. Ryphampycin
      was used with good results.

PMID- 1084946
TI  - The ototoxic effects of ethacrynic acid in man and animals.
AB  - A review of the literature was carried out to summarize the ototoxic effects of
      ethacrynic acid on man and animal. The effects of this drug on the electrolytes
      of the endolymphatic and perilymphatic systems, on the cochlear potentials and
      the auditory cortical-evoked responses, were reviewed. Histological animal
      studies determined by light and electron microscopy were described. Potentiation
      of this drug with previous aminoglycoside therapy was discussed. In this paper, a
      human case report with temporal bone findings was present in addition to the
      histopathological effects of this drug which were shown in a series of animals
      receiving this drug over a period of time. Edematous and cellular changes in the
      stria vascularis, especially with animals receiving large doses of the drug, were
      described. No permanent alterations in the cochlear potentials resulted from the
      long-term therapy with ethacrynic acid.

PMID- 1084947
TI  - The simultaneous binaural bithermal: a caloric test utilizing
      electronystagmography.
AB  - The simultaneous irrigation of both external auditory canals with the bithermal
      stimulus of Fitzgerald and Hallpike yields responses which demonstrate a greater
      sensitivity than the alternate irrigation of each ear. The responses were
      recorded utilizing electronystagmography and were compared to the alternate or
      regular bithermal performed on the same paitent.

PMID- 1084948
TI  - [Inhibitors of proteases in bronchial secretion of patients deficient in alpha-l
      antitrypsin].

PMID- 1084949
TI  - [Acute and chronic secreting pericarditides].

PMID- 1084950
TI  - Biotransformations with plant tissue cultures.
AB  - Suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus, Apocynum cannabinum and Conium
      maculatum were examined for their capacity to transform aniline, anisole,
      acetanilide, benzoic acid and coumarin. None of the cultures transformed
      acetanilide but each produced acetanilide when fed aniline. All three cultures
      converted benzoic acid to its para-hydroxy derivative. Coumarin was selectively
      hydroxylated at the 7-position by Catharanthus and Conium and anisole was O
      demethylated only by older Catharanthus tissue.

PMID- 1084951
TI  - What causes leukemia?

PMID- 1084952
TI  - [Apparatus for galvanization in 4-chamber tubs model GK-2].

PMID- 1084954
TI  - [Current aspects of differentiation and treatment of pneumocystis carinii
      pneumonia (author's transl)].
AB  - There are two types of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. One is seen in premature
      and atrophic infants mainly during the 2nd to 6th month, with massive
      interstitial proliferation of plasmacells and acute respiratory crisis. The
      second typ is observed in immunodeficient children and adults with only little or
      no plasmacell infiltration due to the hypoimmune, hypoergic state. Pentamidine is
      the drug of choice in the therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; in serious
      cases it will be combined with Pyrimethamine. The cocktail Hydergine +
      Promethazine proved good as a symptomical drug. There have been reports about
      recoveries in adults under the treatment with Pyrimethamamine + Sulfamethazole.
      This combination has been recommended as prophylaxis as well.

PMID- 1084953
TI  - [Use of I125 labelled poly(I). poly(C) for determination of antibodies to double
      stranded RNA by immune complex absorption to nitrocellulose filters].
AB  - 125I-labeled double-stranded polyribonucleotide complex was used for detection of
      antibodies to double-stranded RNA in sera from people and immunized animals by
      the method of immune complex adsorption by the nitrocellulose filters. The
      technique is simple and sensitive. Antibodies to double-stranded RNA WERE
      detected in sera from patients with different diseases and from normal
      individuals. Systemic lupus erythematosus sera contain as a rule higher amounts
      of antibodies to double-stranded RNA. Often these antibodies were measured
      together with those directed towards native and denatured DNA. Anti-double
      stranded RNA antibodies from sera of immunised animals and patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus are highly specific.

PMID- 1084955
TI  - Reversions of two proline-requiring auxotrophs of Haemophilus influenzae by n
      methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine and hydrazine.
AB  - New mutation detection systems are described for Haemophilus influenzae. They
      involve two independently isolated proline auxotrophs which appear to be mutants
      at different sites in a proline locus (proB) that is very closely linked to a
      locus (thd) for thymidine requirement. One of the mutants, proB1, appears to
      revert to prototrophy only by mutations at the locus. The other, proB2, reverts
      both by mutation at the locus and by unlinked suppressors. The latter account for
      about 90% of the reversions induced by MNNG and by HZ. The close linkage of proB
      to thd was used to distinguish between true revertants and suppressors by a
      transformation test. A comparison was made between the mutation induction
      kinetics of the different classes of revertants and mutations to novobiocin
      resistance with MNNG and HZ. The very different induction kinetics for these two
      mutagens previously reported for the novobiocin resistance system were also found
      for the proline systems. There were some differences between the detection
      systems, however, in the frequency of induced mutation relative to the
      spontaneous frequency and, in one case, in the form of the induction curve. It is
      concluded that the major features of the induction curves reflect the amount of
      damage done to DNA and so are general for all systems, but that there are some
      features which are locus-or site-specific.

PMID- 1084956
TI  - Fixation and loss of hydrazine-induced premutational damage in Haemophilus
      influenzae.
AB  - Premutational damage induced in Haemophilus influenzae by hydrazine appears to be
      fixed as final mutation only at replication as judged by the transformation
      assay. Fixation at replication is independent of the rec1 gene, unlike the case
      with nitrosocarbaryl. Prior to replication premutational damage induced by
      hydrazine disappears by an unknown process that is not dependent on the presence
      of a pyrimidine dimer excision system nor on the rec1 gene. Hydrazine does not
      produce detectable single-strand breaks or alkali-labile sites in the treated DNA
      nor gaps in DNA newly synthesized after treatment. In these respects it also
      differs from nitroso compounds. It is concluded that hydrazine acts to produce
      and altered base, possibly N(4)-aminocytosine, that produces mutations by
      mispairing at replication rather than by error-prone repair.

PMID- 1084957
TI  - Letter: T-cell lymphopenia in viral infection.

PMID- 1084958
TI  - Letter: T and B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 1084959
TI  - Letter: Surveillance of Haemophilus influenzae resistance.

PMID- 1084960
TI  - [Role of the ventriculocisternostomy in the treatment of non-communicating
      hydrocephalus].
AB  - 44 ventriculo-cisternostomies were carried out on infants and children who
      manifested non communicating hydrocephalus. They were performed through
      perforation of the floor of the 3th ventricle with the aid of a leukotomy trochar
      which was introduced through a frontal ventriculography burr hole, and then
      guided under X ray control. The study of this group showed that the operation is
      benign, although the mortality is not null, and is effective except in the case
      where non communicating hydrocephalus develops after meningeal haemorrhage of
      meningitis. The late results seem good, but the time lapse is too short for a
      final conclusion. The preoperative radio-isotopic cisternography does not unable
      prediction of the cases which will be failures; it does however sometimes make it
      possible to foresee those which will be successful. The post-operative radio
      isotopic cisternography is useful in checking on the permeability of the shunt.

PMID- 1084961
TI  - [Selective ventriculography according to the Corrales technique. Its value in the
      diagnosis of tumors of the 3d ventricle and posterior fossa].
AB  - The authors relate their experience of selective ventriculography. The methode
      previously described by CORRALES needs a small gold chain with fine links which
      can reach by gravity the cavity of the fourth ventricle through the third
      ventricle and the aqueduct of Sylvius. This small chain is used as a leader for a
      flexible catheter which permits selective clouding of median ventricular
      cavities. This technique was used in 18 patients. In one case only, the small
      chain went down without any difficulty into the cisterna magna. The ventricular
      system was normal. In the 17 other cases, the progression of the small chain was
      stopped at some point of the ventricular cavities. In each of those cases, the
      stopping of the small chain appeared to be linked with the presence of a growth
      directly obstructing or compressing the ventricular cavities and gave a first
      clue as to its location. Introduction of the catheter into the aqueduct of
      Sylvius was the only true difficulty; in 3 cases, anatomical (large massa
      intermedia) or pathological obstacle (right angle bending of the aqueduct of
      Sylvius) made it impossible. In those 3 cases a satisfactory selective clouding
      of the fourth ventricle was nevertheless obtained by injecting the dimer either
      into the posterior part of the 3rd ventricle or into the upper part of the
      aqueduct of Sylvius. In all cases the trouble some superpositions due to clouding
      of lateral ventricles were thus avoided and a tomographic investigation,
      specially useful for the diagnosis of expanding lesions of the third ventricle
      and posterior fossa was allowed.

PMID- 1084962
TI  - [Case of moyamoya disease].

PMID- 1084963
TI  - The ascending pharyngeal artery: normal and pathological radioanatomy.
AB  - A radioanatomical study of the ascending pharyngeal artery has been performed.
      Based on 10 injected specimens of anatomical material and 8 superselective,
      normal and pathological angiograms. The meningeal role of the ascending
      pharyngeal artery and its anastomoses with the middle meningeal and/or occipital
      arteries is emphasized.

PMID- 1084964
TI  - Posterior fossa, aqueduct and fourth ventricle of the living mouse studied by
      positive contrast and plain radiography.
AB  - Radiographic techniques have been applied to the measure the size, volume and
      relationships of the posterior fossa, aqueduct and fourth ventricle in two
      strains of laboratory mice. Significant differences in the size of posterior
      fossae between strains were observed. Using ventriculography in the living mouse,
      the outflow tract of the fourth ventricle was demonstrated, together with a
      communication that exists between the third ventricle and the subarachnoid space.

PMID- 1084965
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in human cerebrospinal fluid.
AB  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in both human cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood
      were identified and compared by rosette techniques. In patients without
      neuroaxial disease, the percent distribution of Fc receptor and T-lymphocytes
      reflected peripheral blood values, although there was a significantly higher
      percentage of T cells in normal CSF. Alterations in lymphocyte cerebrospinal
      fluid populations were observed in various systemic and neurologic diseases.

PMID- 1084966
TI  - Chronic cerebellar stimulation in cerebral palsy.
AB  - Data are presented for the first 50 patients with cerebral palsy who underwent
      chronic cerebellar stimulation for symptom alleviation. We observed significant
      shorter and longer term improvement in spasticity as well as athetosis, speech,
      and functional status. Continuing increments in improvement were noted as a
      function of time on stimulation. In many instances, psychometric test scores and
      behavior also were improved. There was one death in this series. There were no
      neurologic complications due to cerebellar stimulation. The results of this study
      warrant the judicious use of cerebellar stimulation for symptomatic and
      functional relief in cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1084967
TI  - Acute flexion-extension injury of the neck. Electronystagmographic study of 309
      patients.
AB  - Three hundred and nine patients, whose chief complaint was dizziness following a
      flexion-extension type of acceleration neck injury, were examined in the
      Neurosensory Laboratory of Temple University Health Sciences Center between 1965
      and 1972. Specific attention was devoted to vestibular tests, including a search
      for latent and positional nystagmus, bithermal calorics, and rotatory tests. All
      tests were performed with the aid of electronystagmography; latent nystagmus was
      present in 29 percent of the patients, caloric tests were abnormal in 57 percent,
      and rotatory tests were abnormal in 51 percent. These findings suggest that many
      of these patients have a verfiable objective vestibular disturbance as a cause of
      dizziness, even though the neurologic examination may be normal. Furthermore, in
      order to detect this objective vestibular dysfunction, the patient should be
      tested with aid of electronystagmography since nystagmus may be inhibited by
      visual fixation.

PMID- 1084968
TI  - Beneficial effects of serotonin precursors in postanoxic action myoclonus.
AB  - In two patients with postanoxic action myoclonus, L-tryptophan or a monoamine
      oxidase inhibitor induced a moderate improvement, but L-5-hydroxytryptophan had
      greater therapeutic effect. Methysergide, a potent blocker of serotonin
      receptors, consistently induced a marked deterioration in myoclonus. Pretreatment
      cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels were reduced significantly
      in both patients. These findings suggest that postanoxic action myoclonus likely
      is associated with insufficient serotonergic activity in the central nervous
      system. Data are inadequate to determine whether this apparent insufficiency
      reflects structural changes in 5HT-containing raphe nuclei due to a direct anoxic
      damage to these structures of functional changes caused by a secondary reduction
      in the activity of intact serotonergic neurons.

PMID- 1084969
TI  - [Coriolis acceleration. Vestibulo-vegetative stimulations with regard to the
      motion sickness of astronauts. Experimental researches].

PMID- 1084970
TI  - [Physics of semicircular canals in special aeronautic situations].

PMID- 1084971
TI  - [Disorientation during flight--possible cause of aviation accidents].

PMID- 1084972
TI  - [Electrostimulation training of the muscles in the stumps of truncated
      extremities].

PMID- 1084973
TI  - [The role of "urgent endoscopy" in the diagnosis of severe hemorrhages from the
      upper gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1084974
TI  - [Effect of serotonin on body rewarming during awakening from hibernation].

PMID- 1084975
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of osteomyelitic coxitis and rheumatism in children].

PMID- 1084976
TI  - [Importance of bacteriological and immunological studies of the palatine tonsils
      for the diagnosis of the prerheumatic state in children with chronic
      decompensated tonsillitis].

PMID- 1084977
TI  - [Damage to the teeth and periodontal tissues in rheumatic children].

PMID- 1084978
TI  - [Characteristics of the hemodynamics in parturients as dependent on the extent of
      blood losses in labor].

PMID- 1084979
TI  - [Cellular reactivity characteristics in rheumatism and chronic tonsillitis in
      children].

PMID- 1084980
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of myocardial energetics in rheumatism and
      tonsillogenic cardiopathy in children].

PMID- 1084981
TI  - [Rheohepatogram changes in the active phase of rheumatism in children].

PMID- 1084982
TI  - [Evaluation of some clinical and immunological indices of the activity of
      rheumatism in children].

PMID- 1084983
TI  - [Dynamics of the indices of specific and nonspecific reactivity of the body in
      children with rheumatism].

PMID- 1084984
TI  - [Lung function tests and alpha-1-antitrypsin level in children with asthma].

PMID- 1084985
TI  - [Immunologic deficits in children with acute pneumania].

PMID- 1084986
TI  - Editorial: Thymic cells and humoral factors as therapeutic agents.

PMID- 1084987
TI  - Vitamin D toxicity after dieting in hypoparathyroidism.

PMID- 1084988
TI  - Letter: T cells and age.

PMID- 1084989
TI  - [Post-hemorrhagic optic atrophy].

PMID- 1084990
TI  - [Letter: Diffuse lymphadenopathy due to hemophagocytic sinusal histiocytosis].

PMID- 1084991
TI  - [Immunoglobulin receptors on the surface of peripheral blood lymphocytes in
      patients with viral hepatitis of the B type].

PMID- 1084992
TI  - [T and B lymphocytes in the spleen of patients with Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1084993
TI  - [Effect of methoxypropiocin on the dynamics of left ventricular contraction].

PMID- 1084994
TI  - [Case of multiple gastric leiomyomas with prolapse of one myoma into the duodenum
      and hemorrhage].

PMID- 1084995
TI  - [New data on the interaction of T- and B-cells in the immune response].

PMID- 1084996
TI  - Ontogeny of mouse B lymphocytes and inactivation by antigen of early B
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Taking advantage of recent findings about membrane fluidity, we have studied and
      compared the biosynthetic capacities of fetal or neonatal mouse B (bone-marrow
      derived) lymphocytes (until 10 days after birth) and adult B lymphocytes.
      Although both early and adult lymphocytes can synthesize surface immunoglobulins,
      they have a different physiological behavior after interaction with a ligand
      (anti-immunoglobulin sera or antigen), either in vivo or in vitro. Fetal and
      neonatal lymphocytes bearing surface immunoglobulins do not reexpress their
      membrane receptors after capping and endocytosis promoted by anti-immunoglobulin
      sera. On the other hand, adult lymphocytes resynthesize completely their
      receptors after the same treatment. Furthermore, intrafetal injections of
      hemocyanin in pregnant mice lead to a striking decrease in the number of
      hemocyanin-binding cells. It seems plausible that this non-reexpression of
      surface immunoglobulins could be the first step in tolerance establishment.

PMID- 1084997
TI  - Role of major histocompatibility complex gene products in delayed-type
      hypersensitivity.
AB  - Sensitized thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes can transfer delayed-type
      hypersensitivity (DTH) to naive mice only if there is identity at the major
      histocompatibility complex (MHC). The MHC region responsible differs according to
      the antigen used for sensitization. For transfer of DTH to fowl gamma globulin
      identity at I-A is necessary; for dinitrofluorobenzene, however, identity at
      either K, D, or I region is sufficient. T cells of one genotype, sensitized in a
      chimeric environment, transferred DTH to both parental strains even though these
      were MHC incompatible. However T cells from F1 hybrid mice, sensitized not in the
      F1 but in one parental strain, transferred DTH only to that parental strain, not
      to the other, in contrast to F1 T cells sensitized in the F1 which could transfer
      DTH to both parental strains. Macrophages pulsed with antigen in vitro could be
      used to sensitize syngeneic or semi-allogeneic mice for the transfer of DTH.
      Transfer was, however, successful only in the strain syngeneic to that from which
      the macrophages were derived. Evidence is also presented that genetically low
      responder mice can be made to exhibit DTH provided they are pretreated with
      cyclophosphamide two days before sensitization. When considered in toto these
      results strongly argue in favor of the notion that there are receptors on
      activated T cells which recognize antigenic determinants and MHC gene products.
      The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the role of
      macrophages in antigen presentation and to the possible parallel evolution of MHC
      gene products and of T cell receptors for antigen.

PMID- 1084998
TI  - Fetal lymphoid tissues: increase in antigen-binding cells induced in vitro by
      antigen, LPS, and aggregated IgG.

PMID- 1084999
TI  - Reduced blood and marrow neutrophils and granulocytic colony-forming cells in
      S1/S1d mice.

PMID- 1085000
TI  - [Electrocolloidotherapy].
AB  - Electro-colloidal therapy opposes the electro-colloidal precipitation that
      governs or participates in the development of pathological conditions. This
      therapy is carried out using an apparatus that re-establishes or maintains the
      correct electrical and colloidal state in the human body. The use of electro
      colloidal therapy combined with the usual types of vascular therapy gives results
      that would not be possible with either type alone. The indication of choice for
      electro-colloidal therapy is vascular thrombosis. All the 68 cases treated were
      improved by the electrical treatment. Arteritis and vascular tissue degeneration
      in general represent the second and more controversial indication for electro
      colloidal therapy.

PMID- 1085001
TI  - [Pitfalls during phlebology consultation].
AB  - For a patient suffering with his legs, the pain is usually associated with the
      presence of one or more varices that can be seen. The physician must not fall
      into this trap. Questioning is vital. Establishing the kind of pain and the
      conditions under which it occurs may elok for (1) a rheumatological etioloty:
      sciatic or crural nerve pain, calcaneal pain: (2) a surgical etiology: an
      inguinal or particularly a crural hernia, a popliteal cyst; (3) a medical
      etiology: exogenous polyneuritis, hypokalaemia resulting from the abuse of
      laxatives or of diuretics, etc.

PMID- 1085002
TI  - Electron transfer from photoexcited singlet and triplet bacteriopheophytin.

PMID- 1085003
TI  - Diverticular disease.
AB  - Diverticular disease comprises a spectrum of illness beginning with the irritable
      bowel syndrome and progressing to the life-threatening complications of
      diverticulitis and hemorrhage. Step-wise progression of this disease may be seen
      but is not invariably present; many patients with diverticulosis do not have
      preceding symptoms of the irritable bowel syndrome. The typical complaints of
      irregularity of bowel habits and abdominal pain will usually respond to the
      relatively new treatment modality of a high fiber diet with added wheat bran.
      Barium enema x-ray examination remains the primary diagnostic modality in the
      investigation of diverticular disease, and colonoscopy should be used only in the
      presence of certain specific circumstances. Surgery, aimed at the treatment of
      complications of this disease, has progressed to the point where one-stage
      extirpation of the diseased bowel is recommended.

PMID- 1085004
TI  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and liver in adults.
AB  - Thirteen adult patients (aged 16 to 73 years) form 12 families are described with
      liver disease and alpha- 1- antitrypsin deficiency. Long-term observation of
      several of these patients suggests that the liver disease may be only slowly
      progressive, but review of possible factors aggravating this has failed to reveal
      any obvious clues. Progression to death from hepatic failure was the commonest
      outcome, but one patient developed a malignant hepatoma and two others died
      because of intraperitoneal haemorrhage due to ruptured cirrhotic nodules--a
      complication not hitherto described in association with this condtion. Diagnosis
      of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency was based on serological, histological,
      immunopathological and genetic studies. The most useful screening test in liver
      disease was found to be the demonstration of PAS positive globules in liver
      biopsy material which is diagn by immunofluoresence or immunoperoxidase, the
      latter being a superior technique. Serum estimation of alpha-1 -antitrypsin
      deficiency was performed by immunoelectropharetic and immunodiffusion techniques,
      the former being preferred because it gave more consistent results. Both methods,
      however, were of limited value since wide variations in the serum values are
      commonly found in normal and abnormal states. Genotyping was carried out using
      starch gel electrophoresis and although of value in family studies, its value as
      a diagnositc aid is limited because of technical difficulties and also because
      alpha-1-antitrypsin accumulation in the liver may be found in both homozygous and
      heterozygous states. It is suggested that adult liver disease associated with
      abnormalities in alpha-1-antitrypsin may be more common than has hitherto been
      reported. This condition should be systematically sought in all cases of liver
      disease of uncertain aetiology.

PMID- 1085005
TI  - Fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium.
AB  - The case history, clinical course and laboratory findings in a 66-year-old woman
      with fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium are reported, the sixth case in the
      literature. The condition is characterized clinically by intractable skeletal
      pain and progressive immobility. Though serum alkaline phosphatase has been
      raised in all patients, there are no specific haematological or biochemical
      findings. The radiological features of coarse and dense trabecular pattern with
      symmetrical and diffuse involvement of all bones without expansion or change of
      shape, together with periosteal reactions and soft tissue calcification are
      characteristic. The macroscopic appearance of bone shows large areas of opaque
      white and brittle trabeculae. The histological findings mimic those of
      osteomalacia unless examined under polarized light which shows the loss of normal
      birefringence. On electron microscopy the normal lamellar pattern made up of
      orientated collagen fibrils all about 80 nm diameter is replaced by a random
      tangled pattern of much thinner irregularly curved fibrils, some as thin as 5nm.
      The condition appears to be acquired, leading to erosion of the normal skeleton
      and replacement with an abnormal fibre deficient matrix. There is no definitive
      therapy at present.

PMID- 1085006
TI  - Clinical and immunological aspects of cutaneous vasculitis.
AB  - Thirty-five patients with cutaneous vasculitis were studied. Sixteen had raised
      serum levels of cryoglobulins. In all but one the cryoglobulin was an immune
      complex. Eleven patients had anticomplementary sera and five had a low serum IgM.
      Clinically, the cryoglobulinaemic patients were not readily distinguishable from
      the non-cryoglobulinaemic in that cold sensitivity occurred in only six of
      sixteen patients with cryoglobulins. Peripheral neuropathy and lesions in the
      upper respiratory tract were confined to those with cryoglobulinaemia. An
      immunopathological classification for the purpuric vasculitides is suggested.

PMID- 1085007
TI  - Neuroradiological applications of the Ommaya reservoir system.
AB  - By way of a frontal burr hole a subcutaneous reservoir connected to a flexible
      catheter inserted through a foramen of Monroe into the third ventricle is
      installed. The use of this device facilitates contrast and radioisotope
      ventriculography, reducing both trauma and stress to the patient at the same
      time. The procedure greatly improves the quality of contrast studies in space
      occupying lesions in the posterior fossa by rendering simultaneous cisternography
      technically possible and safe.

PMID- 1085008
TI  - Transcatheter therapeutic embolization in the management of massive upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Two methods of controlling life-threatening hemorrhage are infusion of
      vasospastic agents and embolization of the bleeding vessel. Gelfoam powder,
      Gelfoam sponge, and isobutyl cyanoacrylate have been used to control severe
      arterial and variceal hemorrhage from the upper gastrointestinal tract. The
      authors summarize their results and discuss gastric necrosis, a serious
      complication.

PMID- 1085009
TI  - Transcatheter therapeutic arterial embolization.
AB  - Transcatheter therapeutic arterial embolization was employed in 11 patients with
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage and 8 patients with bleeding from other sites.
      Hemorrhage was stopped successfully in all of the patients with gastrointestinal
      bleeding and 6 of the 7 patients with active bleeding from other sites. There
      were no significant complications or sequelae, although ischemia msy cause
      problems in such patients. Embolization is of considerable value when
      pharmacological therapy fails or is not appropriate due to the site of bleeding.
      In some cases it may represent the definitive treatment, as in pelvic trauma or
      renal hemorrhage; in others, embolization may serve to halt bleeding long enough
      to permit surgery. Therapeutic embolization should be considered whenever active
      extravasation of contrast material is demonstrated.

PMID- 1085010
TI  - Alterations in gastric physiology caused by selective embolization and
      vasopressin infusion of the left gastric artery.
AB  - Alterations in gastric physiology caused by selective embolization and
      vasopressin infusion of the left gastric artery were evaluated in 29 dogs.
      Gastric acidity was not significantly altered following Gelfoam embolization but
      decreased sharply with vasopressin infusion. These results suggest that the
      segmental occlusion caused by Gelfoam embolization permits significant collateral
      blood flow to the gastric mucosa, while the arteriolar and capillary constriction
      caused by vasopressin effectively decreases mucosal blood flow. These findings
      are consistent with the clincal observation that embolization is more effective
      in controlling bleeding ulcers, while vasopressin infusion is more effective for
      controlling hemorrhagic gastritis.

PMID- 1085011
TI  - [Fibroscopy in the emergency diagnosis of the hemorrhages of the upper digestive
      tract].

PMID- 1085012
TI  - Effects of beta-carbolines of plasma corticosterone in mice.
AB  - 6-Methoxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline, a drug which has been reported to
      increase brain serotonin (5-HT) but not norepinephrine, was tested for its acute
      effects of pituitary-adrenocortical activity in CF1 mice. The drug produced dose-
      and time-dependent increases in plasma corticosterone concentration which could
      be prevented by blocking adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion. Administration of
      other beta-carbolines or the 5-HT precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan also resulted in
      plasma corticosterone elevations. Further studies will be needed to determine
      whether beta-carbolines stimulate pituitary-adrenocortical activity through a
      central serotonergic system or by some alternate mechanism.

PMID- 1085013
TI  - [Immunological aspects of tuberculosis. V. Determination of T and B rosettes].

PMID- 1085014
TI  - [Immunological aspects of tuberculosis. VI. Lymphocytic viability in in vitro
      culture conditions].

PMID- 1085015
TI  - [Results of surgery in the treatment of pre-infarction angina (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085016
TI  - [Group autogenic therapy].

PMID- 1085017
TI  - [Economic orientation in organization and use of ergotherapy].

PMID- 1085018
TI  - [Post-angiographic recovery from traumatic carotido-cavernous fistulas].

PMID- 1085019
TI  - [Secondary neuropsychological sequelae in spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhages].

PMID- 1085020
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of the anterior temporal EEG focus in the picture of
      chronic cerebral circulatory insufficiency].

PMID- 1085021
TI  - [Influence of atmospheric factors on cerebral vascular accident mortality].

PMID- 1085022
TI  - [Steinert's myotonic dystrophy, a disease with possibility of antenatal
      diagnosis].

PMID- 1085023
TI  - [EEG aspects of chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 1085024
TI  - [Contribution of axial computer assisted tomography to the diagnosis of
      aresorptive hydrocephalus].
AB  - In a comparative study, 18 patients presenting with progressive mental
      deterioration were investigated by means of radio-isotopic cisternography and by
      computerized axial tomography (CAT) in order to establish morphological criteria
      for CAT which would enable malresorptive hydrocephalus and atrophic hydrocephalus
      to be differentiated. Except for one case, malresorptive hydrocephalus was
      characterized by supraand infratentorial ventricular dilatation without any signs
      of cortical atrophy of the convexity. In most cases, ventricular dilatation was
      more important in cases of malresorptive hydrocephalus and, in 6 out of 7 cases,
      the trigone and the occipital horns were particularly dilated. Only in
      malresorptive hydrocephalus did we find less than juxtaventricular aedema greater
      than possibly indicating compensating transependymal absorption of cerebrospinal
      fluid. In atrophic hydrocephalus, on the other hand, CAT shows a moderate degree
      of ventricular dilatation associated with dilatation of the cortical sulci.

PMID- 1085025
TI  - [Effect of anatomical changes in the coronary arteries on the occlusion of
      anastomosis with autologous saphenous vein].

PMID- 1085026
TI  - [Influence of regional and global constratility of the left ventricle in the
      oclussions of coronary anastomosis with autologous saphenous vein].

PMID- 1085027
TI  - [Incidence of oclussions of saphenous vein bypasses in patients operated during
      the chronic and acute phases of coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 1085028
TI  - [The effect of veratrine on the embryonal development of anuran amphibians].

PMID- 1085029
TI  - Massive ileostomy and colostomy hemorrhage from mucocutaneous varices in patients
      with coexisting cirrhosis.

PMID- 1085030
TI  - A colchicine-sensitivity test for leukaemic lymphocytes.
AB  - Non-dividing lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were
      more sensitive than normal lymphocytes to reagents as prednisolone, cytarabine,
      vincristine and colchicine. The maximum difference was obtained when the cells
      were incubated with colchicine at 37 degrees C for 20 h. The sensitivity was
      measured by a 'sensitivity index' which was an estimate of the average percentage
      of lymphocytes killed by 1.0 and 0.1 mug/ml of colchicine. The index was 0-15%
      for lymphocytes from the blood of 14 normal persons and was 61-98% for 23 of 25
      leukaemic patients with absolute lymphocyte counts of 8,000 X 10(9)/l or more. 3
      of 4 untreated patients with presumptive diagnoses of early leukaemia had low
      absolute counts of 3,300 to 7,600 X 10(9) lymphocytes/l and high sensitivity
      indices of 41 to 83%. Tests on treated patients with lymphocytes counts less than
      8,000 X 10(9)/l suggested a correlation of the index with remission and relapse.
      Hairy cells from 3 patients with hairy cell leukaemia were resistant to
      colchicine. Sensitivity to colchicine seemed useful at a test for leukaemic
      lymphocytes and as an aid in the haematologic evaluation of patients with chronic
      lymphocytic leukaemia and malignant lymphoma.

PMID- 1085031
TI  - Transplantation of bursal stem cells into cyclophosphamide-treated chicks.
      Lymphoid repopulation of splenic structures.
AB  - After transplantation of bursal stem cells into cyclophoshamide-treated newly
      hatched chicks, the first lymphoid cells in the spleen of the recipients were
      observed on the first day after the cell transfer and the first plasma cells on
      day 3. The repopulation of the Schweigger-Seidel sheaths started from their
      periphery on day 6. The first germinal centers were detected 20 days after the
      cell transfer. In cyclophosphamide-treated birds without cell transplantation,
      only the periphery of the Schweigger-Seidel sheaths became repopulated, and no
      plasma cells or germinal centers were observed. The results indicate that already
      at the age of 3 days the bursa contains some cells of postbursal maturity, able
      to home to the spleen.

PMID- 1085032
TI  - Volar tenosynovectomy in the rheumatoid hand.
AB  - Rheumatoid involvement on the flexor aspect of the hand is common, but is easily
      overlooked because of difficulty in clinical examination. It is our experience
      that this localization of the disease process is extremely important and that
      surgical treatment should be given high priority. In this study a series of 235
      operations on the flexor aspect of the hand performed on 139 patients are
      presented. The results are very gratifying as far as tenosynovectomy in the
      carpal tunnel and the pain is concerned. When performed on the fingers, however,
      varying degrees of postoperative flexion contractures developed in no less than
      44%. It was found that this problem arose when the synovectomy was extended
      beyond the level of the middle flexion crease of the finger being caused by
      excessive postoperative scar formation in the region volar to the proximal
      interphalangeal joint between the tails of the superficial tendon. It is
      concluded that less extensive surgery should be aimed at in this particular area.

PMID- 1085033
TI  - Ambulance transport of obstetric emergencies.
AB  - Ninety-eight patient records from obstetric flying squad calls were reviewed. The
      reasons for call-out and the effect of transport on maternal and foetal
      cardiovascular parameters were analysed. The main reason for calling the flying
      squad is now antepartum haemorrhage. Transporting the patient to hospital has
      little effect on the cardiovascular state.

PMID- 1085034
TI  - Binding of C-reactive protein to antigen-induced but not mitogen-induced T
      lymphoblasts.
AB  - The C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase reactant which binds selectively to
      T (thymus-derived) lymphocytes, was found to bind to lymphoblasts formed upon
      stimulation with antigens but not with mitogens. Binding of CRP thus serves as a
      marker for antigen-reactive (-reacted) as opposed to mitogen-reative (-reacted) T
      cells, suggesting that these represent separate subpopulations, and supports the
      developing concept that CRP play an important role in the regulation of responses
      critical to  inflammation, host defense, and tissue repair.

PMID- 1085035
TI  - 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in biological fluids: a simplified and sensitive assay.
AB  - A competitive binding assay for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH2D] in plasma
      has been developed in which intestinal cytosol preparations from rachitic chicks
      are used as the binding protein. A new method of extraction and two new
      chromatographic procedures are used for this assay. The method is sensitive to as
      little as 10 picograms of 1,25-(OH)2D, and triplicate assays can be done on 5
      milliliters of plasma. This assay shows that in the plasma of normal adult
      subjects there is a 1,25-(OH)2D concentration of 29 +/- 2 picograms per
      milliliter, while none can be detected in the plasma of nephrectomized subjects
      and end-stage renal failure patients.

PMID- 1085036
TI  - Gastric devascularization: an alternate approach to the surgical treatment of
      massive, diffuse hemorrhage from gastritis.
AB  - During a three-year period on the surgical services at the University of Texas in
      San Antonio, eight critically ill patients had various types of gastric
      devascularization to control erosive hemorrhagic gastritis. Among these patients
      were two women and one child. There were five chronic alcoholics, one aspirin
      abuser, one severely burned patient, and one patient with sepsis.
      Esophagogastroscopy was used in six patients but was diagnostic in only three.
      All of the patients were given intensive medical preoperative care, including an
      average of eight units of blood each. In four of the five known alcoholics,
      preoperative tests showed severely deranged clotting function. All of the
      patients received at least a four-point gastric vessel ligation. In addition,
      four had gastrotomies, three had vagotomies and pyloroplasties, and two had
      "complete" gastric vessel ligation. There was no significant rebleeding in five
      patients. Of the three patients with significant recurrent gastric hemorrhage,
      two were chronic alcoholics with poor clotting function, and neither was
      considered operable. One patient, the child, had massive rebleeding one week
      after gastric devascularization with vagotomy and pyloroplasty and required a
      subtotal gastrectomy. Of the four patients who ultimately died, three were
      chronic alcoholics and one had sepsis.

PMID- 1085037
TI  - [Acute hemorrhage from the upper segment of the gastrointestinal tract and
      certain problems of organization of emergency service].

PMID- 1085038
TI  - Cerebellopontine angle meningioma presenting as subarachnoid haemorrhage.
AB  - Two cases of cerebellopontine angle meningioma causing subarachnoid haemorrhage
      are described. Their clinical and pathological significance is discussed.

PMID- 1085039
TI  - In vitro effect of thymosin on T cells from immunodepressed surgical patients.
AB  - In preparation for the use of bovine thymosin, a thymic hormone, as a specific T
      cell stimulator in immunodepressed patients, we studied its effect on E rosette
      formation of peripheral lymphocytes from patients with (1) advanced malignancies,
      (2) extensive burns, and (3) septicemia. E rosette formation in vitro with and
      without thymosin was evaluated in 52 patients with carcinoma of the breast (25)
      or lung (27) in relation to adjuvant therapy and/or surgery. The depression of E
      rosettes in cancer patients was most striking when adjuvant therapy, irradiation,
      and/or chemotherapy were used; in 20 patients this was elevated by incubation
      with thymosin. There was a delay in recovery of depressed E rosette levels after
      radical mastectomies in four patients, recovery being accelerated by thymosin. In
      ten burn patients (40 to 80 percent of body surface area, second and third degree
      burns), the depression in E rosette levels occurred in the first week and was
      most marked in 3 to 4 weeks. In eight patients this was elevated by thymosin in
      vitro. In four septic patients, all undergoing operation, serial studies
      suggested that recovery from sepsis was accompanied by spontaneous rise in E
      rosette levels. This process was accelerated by thymosin in vitro. This study as
      well as previous experiments with animals suggest that thymosin may influence
      depressed host resistance favorably by increasing T-cell-mediated immunity.

PMID- 1085040
TI  - [Use of brufen in rheumatological practice].

PMID- 1085041
TI  - [Effect of certain antirheumatic preparations on the migration of T- and B
      lymphocytes].

PMID- 1085042
TI  - Free internal mammary artery for coronary bypass.
AB  - An improved technique of free internal mammary artery (IMA) to ascending aorta
      anastomosis for coronary bypass is described. A small patch vein with a suitable
      side branch or branches is interposed, connecting the proximal end of a detached
      IMA to the ascending aorta. A single or double free IMA alone or in combination
      with an additional saphenous vein graft was performed in 77 patients. A total of
      125 free IMA grafts were done. The hospital mortality was 2-7% and late mortality
      1-4%. Seventy-one of the 74 surviving patients had no angina and returned to a
      normal life. Postoperative coronary arteriography in 65 patients showed a patency
      rate of 96%. On year's experience with this technique is very encouraging.
      However, prolonged follow-up is necessary to determine if free IMA, as used by
      us, will increase the long-term patency rate.

PMID- 1085043
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hemorrhage from aspirin. Advantages of lysine
      acetylsalicylate].

PMID- 1085044
TI  - [Antimycotic antibiotics (author's transl)].
AB  - A number of antibiotics having an antimycotic action are reviewed. The
      physicochemical and pharmacotoxicological properties, antifungal range,
      mechanisms of action, dosage and preparations of griseofulvin, amphotericin-B,
      natamycin, nystatin and pecilocin are discussed.

PMID- 1085045
TI  - Passive immunological enhancement of muscle allografts in rats.
AB  - The effect of the passive administration of antiserum obtained from recipients
      immunized with antigens from H-1 + non-H-1 incompatible donors on muscle
      allograft survival in rats was studied. In transplantation across the non-H-1
      antigenic barrier (H-1 compatible but non-H-1 incompatible) a satisfactory degree
      of immunological enhancement was achieved. Recovery of contractile properties of
      muscle allografts after different immunological treatments of the recipients was
      compared.

PMID- 1085046
TI  - Isolation of human B cells utilizing dextran to enhance T cell rosette formation.

PMID- 1085047
TI  - Cryobiologic approaches to the recovery of immunologic responsiveness of murine
      and human mononuclear cells.

PMID- 1085048
TI  - [The effect of hypertonic solutions on contracture of a tonic muscle fiber].
AB  - Effect of glycerol, sucrose and NaC1 hypertonic solutions exerted on potassium
      contracture and resting membrane potential in isolated frog tonic muscle fibres
      were studied. Sucrose and NaC1 hypertonic solutions induce a stable
      depolarization and depress potassium contracture, while glycerol results in a
      transient depolarization followed by recovery of resting membrane potential and
      contracture reactions. The removal of 400 mM glycerol induces an insignificant
      depolarization and disappearance of contracture reactions, however, after the
      removal of sucrose of NaC1 hypertonicity both the parameters tend to restore. The
      isolated phasic and tonic fibres lose irreversibly potassium contracture
      reactions after the removal of 100 mM and 400 mM glycerol, respectively, the
      latter being more resistant to this procedure. Nevertheless it is concluded that
      the T-system is equally important for excitation--contraction coupling in tonic
      and in phasic fibres.

PMID- 1085049
TI  - [Nuclear structures in the late oogenesis of Rana temporaria. III. Electron
      microscopic studies].
AB  - The ultrastructural organization of the vitellogenic oocyte nucleus (stage VI,
      according to Duryee, 1950) was studied in normal and in vitro hormone-stimulated
      maturing oocytes of Rana temporaria. At this stage, numerous nucleoli are
      gathered around the knot of highly contracted chromosomes (the karyosphere) thus
      making the karyosphere capsule. Light microscope observations reveal three zones
      in the capsule: a central fibrous zone separating the chromosomes from the
      nucleoli, a middle zone, consisting of numerous nucleoli and a distinct fibrous
      componen; in addition a fibrous zone on the capsule periphery is seen. The
      nucleoli are fibrillar, bear no proribosomal granules and do not synthesize RNA.
      This period is characterized by an intensive fragmentation and segregation of the
      nucleolar material. Numerous micronucleoli and nuclear bodies occur in the
      nucleus. The nucleoli are normally compound and irregular in shape to become
      spherical in hormone-stimulated maturing oocytes. In the central fibrous zone of
      the capsule, separating the chromosomes from the nucleoli, some peculiar abundant
      accumulations of annuli were detected lacking the membranes component. Annuli are
      linked with the fibrous material and are regularily packed making peculiar
      pseudomembranes (PMM). The chromatin is connected with PMM directly. In the
      middle zone of the capsule, accumulations of PMM are also seen, though less
      abundant and less regularly packed; along with annuli, membranous areas of
      various size and form are met in PMM. PMM are connected with the micronucleoli
      with filaments 20 nm thick. In the peripheral zone of the capsule, a variety of
      membranous structures is detected: intranuclear annuli lamellae, component of the
      capsule consists of different membranous and pseudomembranous (with annuli)
      structures. A question of the contribution of the chromatin material in the
      formation of the fibrous capsular component (PMM and membranous structures) is
      discussed.

PMID- 1085051
TI  - [Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the newborn].

PMID- 1085050
TI  - Impact of BCG vaccination programmes in children and young adults on the
      tuberculosis problem.
AB  - There is general agreement that BCG vaccination with a potent strain, when given
      to previously uninfected subjects, is highly effective in preventing the
      development to tuberculosis among them. This "direct" effect may be measured in
      practice in terms of the proportion of cases prevented in the age-groups in which
      the vaccination has been made. It is also clamined that mass BCG vaccination
      especially at school-leaving age-can be expected to yield benefits not only
      directly, but also indirectly, by breaking the chain of transmission and so
      preventing the development of tuberculosis in unvaccinated subjects. This
      "indirect" effect may be measured, by analogy, in terms of the reduction in the
      numbers of cases in the age groups in which no vaccinations have been performed
      (the older age groups, and also young children, if BCG vaccination is given, for
      instance, to school-leavers). The indirect effect will be observed in terms of
      changes in both smear-positive and smear-negative cases. However, because smear
      positive cases are the principal sources of infection, it is more meaningful to
      measure the indirect effect in terms of the reduction in the numbers of smear
      positive (infectious) cases. The present paper falls into three parts: I. A
      comparison of the trends in the incidence of infectious tuberculosis in Norway,
      Denmark and The Netherlands. The study confirms that the substantial direct
      effect of BCG vaccination on the total tuberculosis incidence, which was shown by
      Bjartveit and Waaler, also applies to the incidence of infectious tuberculosis.
      II. A comparison of the trends in the incidence of infectious tuberculosis in the
      three countries and in different age groups over 30, and in the incidence of all
      forms of tuberculosis in children, in whom BCG vaccination has not been used.
      These comparisons suggest that the indirect effect of BCG on infectious cases of
      tuberculosis in persons aged 30 years and over, and on all forms of tuberculosis
      in children, in whom BCG vaccination has not been used, is not readily
      detectable, and so may not be large. However, the trends in tuberculosis
      incidence measure the total effects of all the policies for control used in the
      three countries under study. The comparisons between the three countries can
      therefore not isolate the "pure" direct and indirect effects of BCG from the
      effects of other differences between the control policies. For this reason a
      theoretical study of the problem has been made. III. A theoretical examination of
      the maximum likely indirect effect of a mass BCG vaccination policy in
      diminishing the prevalence of sources of infection in the population. This shows
      that the effect of BCG in preventing smear-positive cases in developing countries
      (if a constant risk of infection of about 3 per cent is presumed), is between 0.3
      per cent and 2.0 per cent per year. This effect depends mainly upon the efficacy
      of BCG vaccine, the population covered and the duration of protection from BCG
      vaccination...

PMID- 1085052
TI  - [Vascular dysplasia in the ascending colon].

PMID- 1085053
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass surgery in patients with end-stage renal disease.

PMID- 1085054
TI  - The antigenicity of venous allografts.
AB  - Segments of rat inferior vena cava modified by proteolytic digestion and
      dialdehyde starch tanning were found to retain their ability to sensitize
      allogeneic recipients both in the intradermal and intra-aortic positions.
      Furthermore, these grafts had a very high aneurysm formation (100%) and aneurysm
      rupture rate (63%), even when used as isografts, suggesting that the modification
      procedure so damages the structural integrity of the grafts that use in clinical
      situations may have disastrous consequences. Clinical trials must be undertaken
      with great caution and a mild, brief course of immunosuppression may be indicated
      when modified venous allografts are contemplated in potential organ transplant
      recipients. Furthermore, prosthetic mesh may be required for support whenever
      modified allogeneic veins are used for arterial substitutes. In the absence of
      autologous tissue, the bovine xenograft is probably the material of choice for
      reconstruction or bypass of small vessels.

PMID- 1085055
TI  - [Exclusion of the function of the vestibular receptor by laser irradiation under
      experimental conditions].

PMID- 1085056
TI  - [Relationship between rhinosinusitis and bronchiectasis].

PMID- 1085057
TI  - [Acute thrombophlebitis and phlebothrombosis of the portal vein in the
      postoperative period].
AB  - The symptomatology of acute thrombophlebitis and phlebothrombosis of the portal
      vein is described. The clinical difference between these two grave and rarely
      observed pathological processes in emphasized. Two observations are reported.

PMID- 1085058
TI  - [Use of low-frequency currents in the treatment of severe intestinal paralysis].
AB  - Low-frequency impulse currents (Bernar current) are suggested for treatment of
      paralytic intestinal obstruction. The method was used in 108 patients, in whom
      the cause of paresis was as follows: acute purulent peritonitis, pancreatitis,
      operations on the abdominal aorta and its branches. In 102 patients the
      stimulation proved to be effective, in 6 cases of progressive purulent
      peritonitis no effect was gained. In a number of patients the procedure had to be
      repeated during 2--3 days. Generally, diadynamic currents were employed in a
      complex with other measures: syphon enema, paranephral blockade, cholinergics,
      etc. A grave cardiac pathology and oncological diseases are considered as
      contraindications.

PMID- 1085059
TI  - [Hemorrhage after endoscopic polypectomy of the stomach].
AB  - 46 endoscopic electroexcisions of gastric polyps were performed in one case this
      procedure was complicated with bleeding, that would not be arrested via an
      endofibroscope. This operative procedure is described, and also some
      considerations concerning endoscopic electroexcision of gastric polyps are given.

PMID- 1085060
TI  - [Arrest of gastroduodenal hemorrhage under the control of a fibroscope].
AB  - The method of electrocoagulation of gastroduodenal bleeding sources by means of a
      fibroscope allows a reliable and easy arresting of bleeding even in emaciated and
      exsanguinated patients, This method seems to be especially valuable in cases,
      when the source of bleeding is diagnosed only under endoscopy. In such cases a
      high diagnostic precision is associated with therapeutic manipulations, and in
      some cases it gives the chance to avoid surgery at the height of bleeding. An
      electrode used by the author is simple in design and readily available. Visual
      hemostasis, the formation of a solid crust in the hemorrhagic region and
      disappearance of clinical manifestations of gastro-duodenal hemorrhage may serve
      as a criterion of the effective arrest of bleeding.

PMID- 1085061
TI  - [Evaluation of the hazard of surgical intervention at the height of
      gastroduodenal hemorrhage].
AB  - Based on the experimental data obtained, it was concluded that the danger of
      surgery at the height of the primary hemorrhage, although massive it may be, is
      somewhat exaggerated by surgical specialists. Recurrent in a short period of time
      hemorrhages are believed to be more inherent in danger than an operation in
      primary bleeding. The results of the experiments are supported by observations
      over 70 patients, operated upon for ulcerous bleeding, and in 11 patients who
      were subjected to surgery for profuse hemorrhage from cancerous gastric ulcers.

PMID- 1085062
TI  - A thermosensitive property of bullfrog rhodopsin.

PMID- 1085063
TI  - The green rod pigment of the bullfrog.

PMID- 1085064
TI  - Photoregeneration of rhodopsin and isorhodopsin from metarhodopsin III in the
      frog retina.

PMID- 1085065
TI  - Blood donor characteristics and types of blood donations.

PMID- 1085066
TI  - [State of the bronchi in children and adolescents with metatuberculous
      pneumosclerosis at remote follow-up periods].

PMID- 1085067
TI  - Differentiation of human leukemic from normal lymphocytes by Limulus serum
      agglutination.
AB  - Human peripheral chronic lymphocytic leukemic lymphocytes and a line (B411-4) of
      cultured human B cells are agglutinated by Limulus serum to a significantly
      higher titer and score than peripheral normal human lymphocytes or a line (MOLT-4
      F) of cultured human T cells.

PMID- 1085068
TI  - [Autoimmunity].

PMID- 1085069
TI  - Risk factors and coronary artery obstruction in male and female patients with
      aortocoronary bypass operation.
AB  - In order to learn about some possible reasons for the low proportion of women
      among the patients with aortocoronary bypass operation (12-20%) we have compared
      the prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, history of smoking and chest pain
      in 110 women and 813 men with this surgical intervention. In spite of the similar
      or even higher prevalence of abnormal risk factors, the women patients showed
      less extensive coronary artery impairment than the male patients indicating their
      higher tolerance of the risk factors and lesser need for the bypass operation.

PMID- 1085070
TI  - [Apparent entry resistance of the coronary arterial system following
      aortocoronary bypass in man].

PMID- 1085071
TI  - [Inadequate reconstruction of coronary circulatory reserve following
      aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1085072
TI  - [Pre- and postoperative function of the left ventricle in coronary disease
      demonstrated in the levocardiogram as well as in the rest and exertion surface
      kymogram].

PMID- 1085073
TI  - [Aortocoronary bypass: Intra-operative control, mortality depending on surgical
      procedure].

PMID- 1085074
TI  - [Factors which determine the functional result of aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1085075
TI  - [Surgical treatment of coronary sclerosis].

PMID- 1085076
TI  - [Fukuda writing test in the evaluation of vestibular reactions during
      stapedioplasty and in the first days thereafter].

PMID- 1085077
TI  - [Results of the polythermic test in patients with spontaneous cochlevestibular
      symptoms in Meniere's disease].

PMID- 1085078
TI  - [Development in gastroenterological surgery].

PMID- 1085079
TI  - [Possibilities of current diagnosis of pancreatic diseases and conservative
      therapy].

PMID- 1085080
TI  - [Structural organization of nephrons in the kideny and proximal reabsorption in
      representatives of different vertebrate classes (according to microdissection and
      micropuncture studies)].
AB  - By microdissection method, single nephrons have been isolated from the river
      lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis, teleost fish Myoxocephalus scorpius (White sea),
      frog Rana temporaria, lizard Agama caucasica, hen Gallus domesticus and albino
      rat Rattus norvegicus (Wistar strain). Tubular reabsorptive capacity was measured
      in kidneys of lampreys and rats by the split oil droplet method. In the animals
      studied, each of the nephrons consists of the glomerulus, proximal, thin and
      distal segments. Relative length of the proximal segment does not depend on
      phylogenetic position of a species. Transtubular isotonic water reabsorption from
      the proximal tubule in rats is significantly higher than in lampreys. The level
      of proximal reabsorption is not related to the length of the proximal tubule in
      the Verterbrates studied but depends on the intensity of tubular transport. The
      structure which is similar to Henle's loop is present already in Cyclostomes
      [12]. Further stage of the progressive development of the uriniferous tubules is
      presented by uneven localization of nephron populations within the kideney in
      Reptiles. These data suggest that the effective system of osmotic concentration
      appeared in evolution not as the result of Henle's loop formation, but on the
      basis of the development of the medullar substance formed mainly by intercortical
      and juxtamedullar nephron populations.

PMID- 1085081
TI  - [A direct microfluorimetric study of organic acid passage through the proximal
      tubule cells of the surviving Rana temporaria frog kidney].
AB  - Accumulation of acid fluorochrome in proximal tubuli in the frog surviving kidney
      has been investigated. Mean concentration of fluorochrome in the tubuli is
      linearly related to the duration of incubation. Changes in the mean rate of
      transport of fluorochrome into the tubuli induced by changes in its external
      concentration are satisfactorily described by Michaelis-Menten equation,
      Michaelis constant being equal to 2.1-10(-4). Some equations are suggested which
      describe the kinetics of organic acid transport across basal and apical membranes
      of cells.

PMID- 1085082
TI  - [Distribution of three types of muscle fiber in the skeletal muscles of Rana
      temporaria frogs (according to histochemical findings)].
AB  - On 15 skeletal muscles with different functional profile (flexors and extensors,
      trunk muscles and muscles of the head) and different embryonic origin (somatic
      and visceral), it has been shown that muscles of R. temporaria are mixed. Muscle
      fibers are divided into three groups which differ in the content of lipids, the
      activity of succinic dehydrogenase and localization of myofibrils on a cross
      section. On the basis of the data obtained and those in literature, these fiber
      groups are qualified as phasic, tonic and transitional (slow phasic) ones. Both
      phasic and tonic fiber groups are uniform, whereas transitional fibers form a
      broad specturm. Most of the muscles studied contain all the three types of
      fibers. In muscles of the extremities (especially in flexors), tonic fibers
      together with transitional ones usually form more or less compact bundles. The
      highest content of tonic and transitional fibers was found in muscles which do
      not directly participate in locomotion. If muscles contain only two types of
      fibers (phasic and transitional ones), these fibers form a mosaic structure.

PMID- 1085083
TI  - [Circadian cycles of wakefulness and rest in Rana temporaria frogs].
AB  - In the diurnal activity of the frog R. temporaria, rest and awakefulness stages
      were investigated. Resting stage was differentiated into daily and nocturnal
      phases. During daily rest, plastic tone in neck muscles was registered. During
      this phase, the head might be subjected to unnatural position which is maintained
      for a certain period. The heart rate was minimal, respiration could not be
      recorded. During nocturnal rest, in contrast to daily one, the animal changed its
      positon when touched at the head and kept itself in this positon. Cardiac
      contractions exhibited evident rhythmicity. Sleep episodes were rare and
      occasional; they were accompanied by eye closing and relaxation of the body.

PMID- 1085084
TI  - [Resistance to heating and trypsin of glutamate dehydrogenase from liver
      mitochondria of frogs differing in thermotaxis].
AB  - The resistances to heat and trypsin hydrolysis served as indirect indices of
      conformational flexibility of glutamate dehydrogenase molecules. No difference in
      heat resistance was found between crystalline eletrophoretically homogeneous
      preparations of glutamate dehydrogenase from liver mitochondria of two species of
      frogs, the more southern Rana ridibunda and the more northern R. temporaria.
      However, glutamate dehydrogenase from R. ridibunda is digested by trypsin at a
      lower rate than that from R. temporaria, which may be explained by its lower
      conformational flexibility. Therefore positive correlation between conformational
      flexibility of glutamate dehydrogenase and mean ambient temperature of the
      species studied is revealed only with respect to resistance to proteolysis.

PMID- 1085085
TI  - [Afferent activity of the cardiac nerves of Rana temporaria].

PMID- 1085086
TI  - [Evoked potentials in the brains of Rana temporaria frogs upon stimulation of the
      celiac nerve].

PMID- 1085087
TI  - [Selective blockade of evoked potential components in the tectum of Rana
      temporaria frogs during polarization of the optic nerve].

PMID- 1085088
TI  - [Epidemiological and immunological study of the duration and intensity of
      postvaccinal immunity against measles].

PMID- 1085089
TI  - [Gastrontestinal hemorrhage following thoracic surgery].
AB  - The authors discuss eight cases who suffered hemorrhaging stress ulcers out of
      200 cases on whom Thoracotomies were performed. Presented is the common factor of
      the onset of this complication, it's diagnosis, and therapy. Listed below are the
      diagnoses and operative procedures used on these eight patients. Cysta Aerea
      Permagna Lobi Inf. Pulm. Dexter/operation: Mytomis Longitudinalis Ooesophagi.
      Caverna Bronchiectatica Permagna Lobi Inferior Pulmo Dexter/operation: Lobestomia
      Typica. Echinococcus Heaptis Complicatus, Empyema Pleurae Dexter/opetation:
      Decorticatio. Haemathorax Spontaneous Lobus Sinister/operation: Decorticatio
      Pleurae Sinister. Echi Comp. Cupolae Hepatis Permagnus/operation: Thoracotomia
      Phrenotomia, evacuatio, Triplex Drainage. Bronchiectasiae Lobi Medius et Inferior
      Pulmo Dexter/operation: Biblobectomia Typica. Carcinoma Bronchi Lobi Inferior
      Pulmo Dexter/operation: Lobectomia Typica. Gastric problems had troubled four of
      these eight patients in their past history. Bleeding in three patients occurred
      three days postoperatively, and in the remaining five, thirty days following
      their operation. Six patients had to be treated conservatively because of serious
      contraindications to reoperation. Four of them expired. Autopsy revealed:
      Pyothorax, Dehiscention Bronchi, Empyema, and Gastritis Errosiva with
      multiulcerations, hemoragia, and dilatation of the right heart. Two patients with
      recent stress ulcers were reoperated on, and were cured. The authors estimate
      that the occurrence of hemorrhaging stress ulcer following thoracic surgery are
      basically due to Hypoxia. The chain of events whic brought about the stress
      ulcer, however, began even before the operation, continued throughout the
      operation, and appeared postoperatively due to postoperative complications. The
      authors point out that these complications can be foreseen (early and late), but
      firstly, an attempt should be made to treat the patient with conservative
      therapy. Inasmuch as the hemorrhaging does not respond to conservative measures,
      conservative surgery is indicated; Suture and Vagotomy, and eventually
      pyloroplasty.

PMID- 1085090
TI  - Cerebellopontine angle tumours, other than acoustic neuromas. A report on 34
      cases. A presentation of 7 bilateral acoustic neuromas.
AB  - The symptoms, preoperative diagnostic results and histological findings in 34
      cerebellopontine angle tumour cases, other than acoustic neuromas, are presented.
      The meningeomas dominate by far this group of tumours. The symptomatology is much
      less uniform than that of the acoustic neuromas, where the VIII nerve is
      dominant. The facial nerve is less involved, whereas the other cranial nerves
      give symptoms more frequently. One remarkable sign is the presence of severe
      trigeminal neuralgia, which we have not encountered in acoustic neuromas. Only
      35% of the 'non-neuroma' patients had elevated spinal fluid protein, compared
      with 100% in our acoustic neuroma cases. Furthermore, 7 patients with bilateral
      acoustic neuromas are presented. The connection with von Recklinghausens disease
      and multiple meningeomas is discussed.

PMID- 1085091
TI  - [Protein study on perilymph susbstitution during cerebrospinal fluid flow through
      cochlear aqueduct].
AB  - Total protein contents in the perilymphy of Scala vestibuli and Scala tympani as
      well as in the cerobrospinal fluid (CSF) of guinea-pigs were determined, by which
      specimens were taken under the following various conditions: With or without
      subarachnoidal puncture before perilymph collection, by varying the amount of
      perilymph taken from Scala tympani, by fractionating collection and under post
      mortem condition. The results suggest that under physiological conditions the CSF
      also flows through the cochleae aqueduct and the protein concentration in the
      Scala tympani decreases especially in the basal winding. Because the protein
      content in CSF is inaverage four times lower than in fluids of the inner ear it
      is of preference to consider the question of connection between the CSF and the
      fluids of the inner ear. In the specimens taken the blood contamination was
      estimated on the basisof erythrocytes in the connection capillaries under
      microscope. The protein content in the perilymph of Scala vestibuli was found
      significantly higher in relation to perilymph of Scala tympani.

PMID- 1085092
TI  - [Anuria caused by mercury poisoning (apropos of 15 cases)].
AB  - 15 cases of acute renal failure following ingestion of bichloride of mercury were
      studied at Pahlavi medical center, university of Teheran, between 1962 and 1972.
      All the patients admitted suicide attempts. All had oliguria and uremia except
      one, in whom oliguria was moderate without azotemia. There were four deaths among
      the 15 patients, three of them with gastrointestinal hemorrhage; secondery
      infection and the prolonged acute uremia probably were the cause of death in
      another one. Early administration of B. A. L. and early frequent hemodialysis
      helps to support the patient through the period of oliguria and possibly to
      remove the mercury B.A.L. Complex. Although the mortality of mercury intoxication
      has decreased, gastrointestinal hemorrhages and secondery infections make its
      prognosis still unfavorable.

PMID- 1085093
TI  - Ventriculography with methylglucamine iocarmate (Dimer-X). Experimental and
      clinical study.
AB  - In an attempt to study the use and value in ventriculography of meglumine
      iocarmate (Dimer-X), previously accepted as a water soluble contrast medium safe
      for myelography, we have conducted animal experiments to compare Dimer-X with
      megulumine iothalamate (Conray 60) and meglumine diatrizoate (Angiografin). We
      also made clinical studies of Dimer-X. In  the animal experiments, 1.5 ml and 2.0
      ml of Dimer-X were injected into the ventricles of 7 dogs. We noted the apparent
      superiority of Dimer-X over Conray 60 and Angiografin as far as side effects were
      concerned, but there were no particular differences in the intensities of the
      ventriculograms obtained. Morphological studies of the ventricles and
      histological examinations of the ventricular walls 1 month after intraventricular
      injections of Dimer-X showed no abnormalities. In the clinical studies,
      ventriculography with 1-5 ml Dimer-X, performed on 17 cases, aged 8 months to 62
      years, with diseases of the central nervous system, produced ventriculograms of
      good diagnostic value with no side effects, such as convulsions, apart from mild
      headache or vomiting in 4 instances.

PMID- 1085094
TI  - Some cellular aspects of chronic inflammation in joint disease.
AB  - We have examined the nature of some mononuclear cells from inflamed synovial
      membranes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It was found that cells which
      remained in the supernatant medium after overnight culture of trypsinized tissue
      contained a variable number of lymphocytes which were shown to be T cells by
      rosetting and mitogen response. This suggests a source of T cell lymphokines with
      an effect on macrophages and thus a role in the maintenance of inflammation.
      Another role for mononuclear cells is suggest by the cytotoxicity of blood
      mononuclear cells directed against cultured synovial cells. This was found to
      occur in an autologous system using fibroblasts from rheumatoid synovium, but was
      not specific for rheumatoid arthritis. Stimulatory factors from rheumatoid joint
      effusion macrophages for blood lymphocytes were sought, but although blast
      transformation occurred, the results were equivocal. In this communication we set
      out to examine the nature of lymphoid cells in the synovial membrane and the role
      which they may play in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation. We also briefly
      consider cell-mediated mechanisms of tissue injury. Since an active role of
      lymphoid cells pre-supposes the presence of an agent or agents which serve to
      stimulate them, we also report some recent attempts to find evidence for this.
      One of the striking histological features of the inflamed synovial tissue in
      rheumatoid arthritis, but also in some other forms of chronic arthritis, is the
      presence of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Immunofluorescent studies and organ
      culture studies have shown the presence and synthesis of immunoglobulins,
      predominantly the domain of plasma cells. The production of immunoglobulins,
      formation of complexes and activation of complement is a major factor in
      pathogenesis, but lymphocytes may also have a direct role through the production
      of lymphokines. Until recently these substances have been attributed to T
      lymphocytes, but Rocklin et al. (1) have recently shown that B cells may also be
      involved in certain experimental circumstances. The availability of synovectomy
      specimens from patients with rheumatoid arthritis has enabled us to examine the
      nature of lymphoid cells from synovial membranes. (This part of the work is
      reported fully elsewhere.

PMID- 1085095
TI  - Adjuvant-induced arthritis in four inbred strains of rats. An in vitro study of
      peripheral T and B lymphocytes.
AB  - The lymphoblastic response (LTT) to non-specific mitogens (PHA, PWM and ConA) of
      peripheral lymphocytes was investigated at days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after
      adjuvant injection in four strains of inbred rats: Wistar (WAG), Long Evans (LE),
      Lewis (LEW) and Brown Norway (BN). LTT was assessed by using 18 hours H3 TdR
      incorporation in 5 days cultures of whole blood (micromethod). The statistical
      treatment of data, using principal components multifactorial analysis and
      analysis of variance showed a striking difference between strains. In control
      animals the responses to PHA and PWM were correlated and were higher in LE and
      WAG than in LEW and BN (BN=LEW less than LE=WAG). The response to ConA was
      independent of that to the other mitogens. It was generally low, but
      significantly higher in LEW and BN than in WAG and LE. In adjuvant-injected
      animals the responses to PHA and PWM were still correlated, but modified compared
      to control: in LE and LEW, but not in WAG and BN, a marked decrease of the
      response was found, reaching a minimum value within days 7 and 14. In the same
      time the response to ConA increased in the four strains, later in LE than in the
      others. However the intensity of the ConA response varied from one strain to
      another: it was constantly low in LE and WAG compared to LEW and BN. So the most
      striking modification of LTT were observed in LE and LEW, which both developed
      the most severe arthritis. However these different behaviours after adjuvant
      injection were not explained by the initial level of LTT to the different
      mitogens. These data suggest that the development of intense arthritis is
      associated with the proliferation and the release into the blood stream of a
      lymphocyte subpopulation, which exhibits a low response to PHA and PWM and a high
      response to ConA. These LTT modifications are not paralleled by quantitative
      variations of B-cells assessed by surface Ig immunofluorescent staining and EAC
      rosetting.

PMID- 1085096
TI  - Unrelated delayed hypersensitivity reactions accelerate the recovery of
      immunological responsiveness of specifically depleted cell populations.
AB  - Normal CBA mouse spleen cells were specifically depleted of cells spontaneously
      reacting to pigeon erythrocytes (PRBC) by two methods, the first allows specific
      depletion of anti-PRBC thymus derived (T) rosette  forming cells (RFC) whereas
      the second depletes bone marrow derived (B) anti-PRBC hemolytic plaque forming
      cells (PFC). Depleted populations transferred into lethally irradiated syngeneic
      recipients and stimulated with PRBC failed to develop any significant response
      but they normally responded to a stimulation with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). When
      spleen cells were taken from mice skin painted with picryl (trinitrophenyl: TNP)
      chloride 12 days before and the recipients were challenged in the same way and
      stimulated with PRBC, they become capable of producing a definite response to
      this antigen. Moreover in these animals, a consistent although low number of
      cells was found, which simultaneously reacted to both native PRBC and TNP
      conjugated SRBC. These findings show that unrelated delayed hypersensitivity
      reactions promote the immunological recovery of specifically depleted cell
      populations.

PMID- 1085097
TI  - Factors which determine the accumulation of immunoblasts in gut and skin.
AB  - The capacity of immunoblasts from two sources (1) peripheral lymph nodes draining
      the site of application of a contact sensitizer and (2) mesenteric lymph nodes
      from mice infected with the gut parasite T. spiralis to migrate to the gut and to
      inflamed skin sites were compared. The peripheral lymph node blasts readily
      entered skin sites in a non-specific way but failed to migrate to the gut even
      when inflammation was induced. By contrast, the mesenteric lymph node blasts
      readily migrated to the gut in normal mice and in increased amounts to the gut of
      mice infected with T. spiralis or inflamed with oral turpentine. A small
      proportion of mesenteric lymph node blasts did, however, migrate, non
      specifically to the skin but in much smaller amounts than peripheral lymph node
      blasts. We conclude that the migration of immunoblasts to the gut has some
      specificity related to the source from which the cells were taken but little
      specificity with regard to intraluminal antigen.

PMID- 1085098
TI  - New approaches to anti-rheumatic drugs.

PMID- 1085099
TI  - Autoantibodies in D-penicillamine treated rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The D-penicillamine (D-Pen.) treatment can induce some diseases accompanied by
      autoantibodies: lupus, pemphigus, myasthenia. The authors present the results of
      a systematic study of autoantibody occurrence during D-Pen.-treatment of the
      rheumatoid arthritis (RA): (1) Anti-nuclear antibodies are slightly positive in
      34% of the untreated RA. They appear or enhance in 44% of the treated patients
      (22/50). They reach high titers (1/500) in two clinical-induced lupus and in
      three asymptomatic cases. (2) Anti-native DNA antibodies are not found in
      untreated patients. They become markedly enhanced in two clinical lupus as in
      three asymptomatic cases (3/50). (3) Anti-epidermal intercellular substance
      antibodies are absent in non-treated as well as on pemphigus-free treated
      patients (0/40). They are slightly elevated in 5 induced pemphigus. (4) Anti
      striated muscle antibodies are absent in non-treated patients, rarely and
      moderately elevated (3/40) in the asymptomatic D-Pen.-treated group. These
      findings could have a practical interest for the survey of the treatment.

PMID- 1085100
TI  - Hematological and biochemical analyses of blood and serum in pigs with regional
      ileitis with special reference to the pathogenesis.

PMID- 1085101
TI  - [Mycological control of cold-blooded animals].

PMID- 1085102
TI  - Fatal hemorrhage complicating carcinoma of the esophagus. Report of four cases.
AB  - Four cases of esophageal carcinoma complicated by fatal hemorrhage are reported.
      All four patients had recently completed radiation therapy. An aortoesophageal
      fistula was present in two cases; fibrinoid necrosis of the esophageal arteries
      was present in the other two. The esophageal tumor was localized in two cases and
      had disappeared in one case. In one patient it had metastasized widely. Ninety
      nine other reports of esophageal cancer and fatal hemorrhage are reviewed from
      the literature. Aortoesophageal fistula was the cause of hemorrhage in 78 cases.
      Occlusion of the vasa vasorum by thrombosis, inflammation, neoplastic cells or
      radiation injury appears to be the cause of aortic necrosis and fistula
      formation. Prompt surgical approach, if possible, should be used to control
      hemorrhage, as the primary tumor may be localized to the esophagus only.

PMID- 1085103
TI  - Mental retardation in a national population of young men in the Netherlands. II.
      Prevalence of mild mental retardation.
AB  - The prevalence of mild mental retardation in 19-year-old survivors of male births
      during 1944-1947 is derived from military records. The data are singular in that
      they are national, virtually complete for a total population of more than 400,000
      men and include attributes not previously examined. They allow for the
      simultaneous use of three criteria: education (history of special schooling),
      psychometric (Raven intelligence test score), and clinical diagnosis (ICD (1948)
      325.2, 325.3), which yielded rates per 1000 of 30,58 and 61, respectively. Rates
      by all three criteria varied in similar fashion with father's occupation and with
      religious affiliation. Rates by the psychometric and diagnostic criteria were
      higher for rural- and urban-born, while rates by the special schooling criterion
      were lower for rural-born. These variations are presumed to indicate deficiencies
      in rural provisions of special schooling on the one hand, and a substantive
      increment in "true" prevalence on the other. Marked variations in rates by
      province are not accounted for by social class and urban/rural birthplace. A rise
      in rates in the 1947 birth cohort on the psychometric and diagnostic criteria but
      not on the schooling criterion is attributable to a scoring change in the IQ
      criterion. Relative risks are estimated for the psychometric criterion of low
      Raven test score according to father's occupation, urban-rural origin, and
      religious affiliation. The overlap of identification among individuals designated
      by one, two, or three of the criteria is examined, and the issue of labeling is
      explored.

PMID- 1085104
TI  - Letter: Re: "definition of rates: some remarks on their use and misuse".

PMID- 1085105
TI  - Letter: Comparison of relative risks computed from prevalence and incidence
      studies.

PMID- 1085106
TI  - Alpha 1 antitrypsin M1: a new common genetically determined variant.
AB  - A new common variant (M1) of alpha 1 antitrypsin was detected by isoelectric
      focusing of serum in a pH gradient of 3.5-5.0 in polyacrylamide gels. The variant
      can be clearly distinguished from the common M type only when alpha 1 antitrypsin
      M is present in the same serum. It cannot be recognized on starch gel
      electrophoresis. The gene frequency in a population sample of United States
      whites was .09.

PMID- 1085107
TI  - A behavioral classification of welfare children from survey data.
AB  - From survey data on 1000 urban Welfare AFDC children aged six to eighteen, a
      hierarchical cluster analysis yielded six distinct behavioral types of Welfare
      children. Characteristics of each type, and its relationship to treatment,
      ethnicity, and other variables are discussed. Advantages of this system of
      behavioral classification for research and population assessment are outlined.

PMID- 1085108
TI  - [Prevention of microaggregation in stored blood (author's transl)].
AB  - Microembolism is still a feared complication during and after blood transfusions.
      Up to now they could only be diminished by special filter systems. In spite of
      much research it has not been possible as yet to fine adequate remedies for the
      preservation of blood cells and for the decrease of aggregation in stored blood.
      As foregoing studies have shown the inhibition of aggregation is combined with a
      considerable impairment or even loss of platelet function. In these clinical
      experiments, however, it has been shown, that aggregations in stored blood are
      significantly stunted by early addition of Aprotinin. It is clinically important,
      that no inhibition of platelet function occured.

PMID- 1085109
TI  - The use of ion-exchange resins in the application of protein samples to gel
      filtration columns.

PMID- 1085110
TI  - Rapid purification of human trypsin and chymotrypsin I.

PMID- 1085111
TI  - Fluorescein conjugated alpha-bungarotoxin: its properties and interaction with
      acetylcholine receptors.

PMID- 1085112
TI  - The local anesthetic activity of tetrodotoxin alone and in combination with
      vasoconstrictors and local anesthetics.
AB  - Tetrodotoxin (TTX), alone and in combination with various vasoconstrictors and
      local anesthetics, was evaluated for its ability to produce peripheral nerve
      blocks in the rat and central neural blocks in the cat and dog. High frequency
      and long duration of block can be attained if sufficiently high concentrations of
      TTX are used, although latency is long and high dosage may produce systemic
      toxicity. Frequency and mean duration of block can be increased and systemic
      toxicity reduced if TTX is administered with a vasoconstrictive agent.
      Conventional local anesthetics also enhance the nerve-blocking activity of TTX.
      When appropriate concentrations of TTX and local anesthetics are used, a high
      frequency of blocks characterized by short latency and long duration can be
      demonstrated. The studies present some indirect evidence that local anesthetics
      enhance TTX activity by reversibly increasing the permeability of various neural
      barriers to TTX.

PMID- 1085113
TI  - [Lian-Siguier-Welti syndrome. Apropos of an observation].

PMID- 1085114
TI  - [Histiocytosis X (author's transl)].
AB  - Two cases of histiocytosis X shown by clinical observation as forms of Abt
      Letterer-Siwe are presented. Both have a high score following the scale on Lahey,
      according with the young age of the patients. Both had a very bad evolution.
      Treatment applied on each case, as well as the possibility and need to arrive at
      an early diagnosis is discussed.

PMID- 1085115
TI  - [A biochemical and cytological explanation of cochlear otospongiosis].
AB  - Carrying on their study about the enzymatic activity of the otospongiotic micro
      foci and the hydrolytic activity of the perilymph, the authors present their work
      concerning the value of trypsin and alpha-1-anti-trypsin in the perilymph of
      otospongiotic patients operated on by stapedectomy. They describe the method used
      and give the obtained results which permit to believe that the values of trypsin,
      and a contrario of anti-trypsin, appear to constitute an index of the severity of
      the progression. Moreover, the authors have investigated the eventual toxic
      action of various trypsin concentrations on the hair cells of the Corti organ in
      the guinea-pig. This study has been carried through successfully by means of the
      electron microscopic scanning method which allows to obtain an "electron
      cochleogramme in situ". They explain the method and come to the conclusion that
      the intensity and extension of the Corti hair cells alterations in a cochlea
      receiving a perfusion with trypsin solutions, are tightly related to the trypsin
      concentration. However, they do not pretend so far that these results reflect
      exactly the anatomo-pathologic reality during the slow progression of
      otospongiosis towards cochlear deterioration. These two series of experimentation
      appear to confirm their enzymatic concept of otospongiosis: the long, slow and
      extremely capricious progression of the disease is the duplicate of its cytologic
      progression, the contact between hydroltic enzymes and Corti cells having the
      same capricious character. These findings perfectly corroborate the previus ones
      they made in this field, as well as the correlations they have established
      between hydrolytic activity of the perilymph and audiometric progression.
      Consequently, they believe that the mechanism of the otospongiotic disease is
      provoked by the rupture of the balance trypsin/anti-trypsin in the otospongiotic
      micro-foci and thus in the inner ear fluids.

PMID- 1085116
TI  - [2 cases of "ganglionic sinusal histiocytosis". A new term in cervical and rhino
      pharyngo-laryngeal pathology?].
AB  - By 1974, Rosai, who is keeping a world-wide register of a condition described for
      the first time in France by Destombes, had collected 60 cases: the condition is
      called ganglionic sinusal lipid histiocytosis. The disease manifests itself
      principally in the form of adenopathies, usually cervical adenopathies, showing
      intermittent development over several years. It is rarely found in the viscera.
      The authors describe two cases, one typically confined to the ganglia, the other
      naso-ganglionic.

PMID- 1085117
TI  - Aspects of treatment. The anatomical basis for portal decompressive surgery.
AB  - Definitive surgical techniques used in the treatment of portal hypertension all
      aim to achieve portal venous decompression. The historic development of the
      various procedures currently employed provides a broad repertoire of surgical
      operations. Each of the procedures merits consideration and may be specifically
      indicated in a given situation. Description of the operative steps emphasizes the
      importance of the anatomical relationships of the various structures.

PMID- 1085118
TI  - Anaesthesia for injection of bleeding oesophageal varices.
AB  - Patients with haemorrhage from oesophageal varices associated with portal
      hypertension are poor risks for anaesthesia and surgery. One method of
      controlling such haemorrhage is injection of the oesophageal varices (sclero
      therapy) via an oesophagoscope. Careful preoperative preparation and use of the
      Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in combination with the anaesthetic technique of
      intermittent Althesin and suxamethonium with artificial ventilation with nitrous
      oxide and oxygen enables sclerotherapy to be carried out successfully.

PMID- 1085119
TI  - Proceedings: Observations on acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 1085120
TI  - Yeast-like fungi recovered from normal human skin in Nsukka (Nigeria).
AB  - The incidence of yeast-like fungi on normal skin was investigated in 52 healthy
      Nsukka individuals comprising 21 adults, 24 children, and 7 infants. Eighty-six
      isolates of yeasts and 2 of Geotrichum candidum were recovered. The yeasts
      included Candida tropicalis-36 isolates, C. guilliermondii-3, C. parapsilosis-2,
      Candida spp. (unidentified)-16, Cryptococcus albidus-6, Trichosporon cutaneum-7,
      Trichosporon spp.-8 and Rhodotorula spp.-8 isolates. The isolates originated from
      various sites, predominantly from nails and finger clefts. The significance of
      the findings is discussed with particular reference to the absence of C. albicans
      and the frequent isolation of C. tropicalis, T. cutaneum and C. albidus.

PMID- 1085121
TI  - The genus Stephanoascus gen. nov. (Ascoideaceae).

PMID- 1085122
TI  - An undescribed species of Drechslera (Dematiaceae) from India.

PMID- 1085123
TI  - L-Sorbose metabolism in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
AB  - The pathway of L-sorbose metabolism in Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain B6 was
      determined to be: L-sorbose leads to D-glucitol (sorbitol) leads to D-fructose
      leads to D-fructose-6-phosphate leads to D-glucose-6-phosphate. The reduction of
      L-sorbose and the oxidation of D-glucitol were mediated by NADPH- and NAD+-linked
      oxidoreductases, respectively. The intermediates, D-glucitol and D-fructose, were
      isolated from in vitro reaction mixtures by column chromatography on Dowex 1
      borate, and identified enzymatically. D-Fructose was identified chemically by its
      1H-NMR spectrum and the IR spectrum and the melting point of the fructosazone. D
      Glucitol was characterized chemically by the melting point and the IR spectrum of
      its hexaacetate. A. tumefaciens ICPB TT111, a representative of another genetic
      race of Agrobacterium, lacked L-sorbose reductase and therefore failed to grow on
      L-sorbose; it grew normally on D-glucitol.

PMID- 1085124
TI  - Nematophagous fungi: new species of the Lagenidiales endoparasitic on Rhabditis.
AB  - Two new species of the Lagenidiales endoparasitic on the nematode Rhabditis are
      reported from Ontario soils. In Myzocytium lenticulare the biflagellate zoospores
      encyst at any point on the cuticle of the host and penetrate directly through the
      wall. Sexual reproduction in this species is by oogamy. The antheridial
      protoplast migrates through a pore in the adjacent wall and fuses with the
      oogonial protoplast to produce a thick-walled reticulate oospore. In Lagenidium
      caudatum large biflagellate zoospores encyst at or near the body orifices of the
      host. Many of the zoospores possess a distinct tail-like appendage. Germination
      tubes from the encysted zoospores penetrate the body orifices to infect the host.
      The thallus in this species is distinctive in being composed of narrow, irregular
      hyphae which fill the host. No sexual stage is known.

PMID- 1085125
TI  - Induced azygospore formation in Mucor (Rhizomucor) pusillus by Absidia
      corymbifera.

PMID- 1085126
TI  - Differentiation of pathogenic species of Candida by their recovery
      characteristics following ultraviolet irradiation.
AB  - Each of seven pathogenic species of Candida exhibits a unique pattern of light
      and dark recovery responses to ultraviolet irradiation. C. guiliermondii, C.
      parapsilosis and C. pseudotropicalis photoreactivate whereas C. albicans, C.
      krusei, C. stellatoidea and C. tropicalis do not. Within each of these groups,
      individual species are distinguishable by whether or not they express
      differential dark recovery during postirradiation growth at 25 C or 37 C on
      oxidative vs fermentative carbon sources, on inorganic vs amino acid nitrogen
      sources or in the presence rather than absence of ergosterol. Equivalent recovery
      patterns are obtained for species of Candida and the ascosporogenous species
      which are their corresponding perfect forms. These observations indicate strongly
      that the post-irradation recovery is a reliable, species-specific characteristic
      of yeasts.

PMID- 1085127
TI  - On the contribution of the acrylate pathway to the formation of propionate from
      lactate in the rumen of cattle.
AB  - The effect of chloral hydrate, an inhibitor of methanogenesis, on the
      participation of the acrylate pathway in the formation of propionate from lactate
      in rumen contents of cattle was studied in vitro. Addition of chloral hydrate
      resulted in only a small stimulation of the acrylate pathway, much lower than the
      stimulation of propionate production by chloral hydrate. This means that the flux
      of carbon through both the acrylate and the dicarboxylic acid pathway is
      increased during chloral hydrate feeding. The influence of time of sampling after
      feeding on the contribution of the acrylate pathway was studied in a separate
      experiment. A marked drop in the participation of the acrylate pathway in
      propionate formation from lactate during at least 2 h after feeding was observed,
      whereafter a rapid rise to prefeeding levels occurred.

PMID- 1085128
TI  - Purification and properties of two fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolases in
      Bifidobacterium.
AB  - Fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase was purified from type strains of two
      species of the genus Bifidobacterium: B. globosum and B. dentium. The first
      species has a preferred "animal" habitat, like feces of animals and rumen of
      cattle; the latter is harboured in "human" habitat, like feces and dental caries
      of man. Two electrophoretic types of phosphoketolase (F6PPK) were previously
      distinguished and called "animal" and "human" type according to the habitat of
      the bifid organism. The purified preparations of these two phosphoketolases
      displayed very different optimum pH range, metal activator and molecular weight;
      outstanding difference was found in the substrate specificity: the enzyme from B.
      globosum was able to split xylulose-5-P as well as fructose-6-P, whereas the
      phosphoketolase from B. dentium appeared to be specific for fructose-6-P.

PMID- 1085129
TI  - Oxidation of ethylene by soil bacteria.
AB  - The course of the biological oxidation of ethylene by soil was dependent on the
      type of soil used as well as on other factors. As evidenced from an increase in
      oxidation rate, the ethylene-consuming microorganisms in soil could grow at the
      expense of ethylene, even when the gas was present at concentrations of 50 ppm or
      less. Five strains of bacteria strongly resembling each other were isolated from
      different soils. These pleomorphic, gram-positive, acid-fast, obligate aerobic,
      ethylene-oxidizing bacteria grew also on saturated alkanes and on ordinary carbon
      sources. An apparent Km for ethylene of approximately 40 ppm was estimated for
      whole-cell suspensions of strain E20 by following the disappearance of the gas
      from the atmosphere.

PMID- 1085130
TI  - Antibacterial activity of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol.
AB  - The minimum inhibiting concentrations (MIC) of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
      and cannabidiol (CBD) for staphylococci and streptococci in broth are in the
      range of 1-5 mug/ml. In the same range, both compounds are also bactericidal. In
      media containing 4% serum or 5% blood the antibacterial activity is strongly
      reduced (MIC 50 mug/ml). Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to THC and CBD.

PMID- 1085131
TI  - Immunologic responses in patients with lepromatous leprosy.
AB  - Immunologic responses were measured in 46 patients with lepromatous leprosy.
      These patients were not distinguishable from controls on the basis of responses
      to soluble intradermal antigens, sensitization to contactants, peripheral blood T
      and B-cell percentages, in vitro lymphocyte responses to a mitogen, or the
      prevalence of autoantibodies. Generalized immunologic abnormalities in patients
      with lepromatous leprosy are neither predisposing causes nor necessary
      accompaniments of lepromatous leprosy, but are probably remote sequellae of the
      illness. By implication, the generalized immunologic abnormalities reported in
      other diseases are likely to be remote sequellae of the particular illness.

PMID- 1085132
TI  - Letter: Severe combined immuno-deficiency and trisomy D.

PMID- 1085133
TI  - Administration of antirheumatic drugs.
AB  - A study of 200 rheumatic patients attending an outpatient clinic and 72 general
      practitioners (GPs) was undertaken in relation to the administration of
      antirheumatic drugs. (1) Both patients and GPs agreed that effectiveness, absence
      of toxicity, and once daily administration were the important features of
      administration. (2) Significant differences between GPs and patients were noted
      in that patients more frequently preferred capsules than tablets. (3) GPs thought
      red was the best colour for an antirheumatic tablet, whereas patients thought
      white, this opinion being partly determined by the possible confusion of red
      tablets with sweets by children. (4) In a survey of 174 outpatients with
      rheumatic diseases, those with rheumatoid arthritis did not like blister
      packaging. A detailed assessment of 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis in
      hospital confirmed this. Patients with moderate or severe rheumatoid disease of
      the hands often could not extract tablets from blister packs. Those who could
      found the packs difficult to open, the tablets broke, and came out suddenly,
      falling to the floor.

PMID- 1085134
TI  - Relationship of phytohaemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation to disease
      activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Phytohaemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation was studied in 19 patients
      with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in relation to disease activity,
      peripheral blood lymphocyte count, serum iron and folate levels, and
      corticosteroid treatment. Similar studies were performed on a group of 28 age-
      and sex-matched controls and on 10 patients with facial palsy who were examined
      before and after 7 days of high-dose corticosteroid treatment. The patients with
      SLE were found to have an impairment of lymphocyte transformation which was most
      marked in active stages of the disease and associated with a lymphopenia. This
      depressed transformation, which improved with the development of a remission,
      could not be attributed to the effects of corticosteroid treatment, inhibitory
      serum factors, iron deficiency, or any numerical reduction in blood lymphocytes,
      thus indicating along with evidence from other sources that SLE patients have a
      defect of cell-mediated immunity. The aetiological implications of these findings
      are discussed.

PMID- 1085135
TI  - Drug-associated deaths of medical inpatients.
AB  - Of 7,423 medical inpatients, 16 (0.22%) died of drug-associated causes. The
      overall mortality for all medical inpatients was 6.5%. Eleven of the 16 patients
      who died of drug-associated causes had been terminally ill; the rest had been
      seriously ill before the fatal drug reaction occurred. Half of the patients had
      had either hematologic malignant changes or lupus nephritis. Antineoplastic
      drugs, azathioprine, prednisone, and heparin sodium were the most frequently
      implicated drugs. In other studies, we have found widely differing incidences of
      fatal drug reactions, due to a number of different drugs; these disparities are
      probably related to variations in the types of illnesses amoung different
      hospital populations and to varying interpretations of the term "drug-associated
      death." Extrapolation from the available data to a national incidence of drug
      associated deaths is not possible. Drug-associated deaths are relatively uncommon
      and usually occur in the cases of severely or terminally ill patients treated
      with potentially highly toxic drugs.

PMID- 1085136
TI  - Aortoenteric fistula. A complication of renal artery bypass graft.
AB  - The incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to aortoenteric fistula has
      increased in recent years consequent to more frequent aortic reconstructive
      procedures. It is necessary to approach any such patient with this diagnostic
      consideration in mind, since early specific therapy may decrease the mortality.
      In this setting, there is usually sufficient time available to perform definitive
      tests to establish the correct diagnosis. We report a 37-year-old patient in whom
      aortoenteric fistula developed following a renal artery bypass graft.

PMID- 1085137
TI  - Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides forma sp. denitrificans, a denitrifying strain as a
      subspecies of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
AB  - From polluted water of a lagoon pond a new type of denitrifying photosynthetic
      purple bacteria was isolated. With respect to morphology, fine structure,
      photopigments, requirement for growth factors, the range of utilization of
      organic substrates for phototrophic growth and DNA base ratio, the denitrifying
      strains show the closest resemblance to Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and were
      therefore described as a subspecies named R. sphaeroides forma sp. denitrificans.
      The new isolates grow well with nitrate anaerobically in the dark accompanying
      the evolution of nitrogen gas. They cannot assimilate nitrate as the nitrogen
      source for growth.

PMID- 1085138
TI  - [Alpha-1 antitrypsin and idiopathic respiratory distress of the newborn infant.
      Study in serum and lungs].
AB  - Serum level of alpha-1-antitrypsin is significantly reduced in newborns with
      idiopathic respiratory distress when compared to matched controls. This decrease
      was predominantly due to the group of infants who died from I.R.D., provided that
      alpha-1-antitrypsin determination was carried out on the first day of life. Alpha
      1-antitrypsin was demonstrable by indirect immunofluorescence in hyaline
      membranes whereas fluorescence was negative in the alveolae of infants who had no
      hyaline membranes.

PMID- 1085139
TI  - [Interstitial pneumopathies in children treated for malignant diseases].
AB  - The authors report 21 cases of severe interstitial pneumonitis observed in 1974
      in Paris, in children with malignancies, either solid tumours or leukemias.
      Twelve patients died. The incidence of these complications in children with
      intensive chemotherapy and the clinical symptoms which may reveal them are
      reviewed; the bad prognosis of measles in these patients is stressed.
      Radiological findings are described and the possible wrong diagnoses are listed.
      Among viral infections, measles is the severest and its diagnosis is often
      difficult. Pneumocystis carinii infection is frequent. The use of surgical
      pulmonary biopsy and other diagnostic procedures is discussed. The immune status
      of these patients has been studied, which revealed severe impairement of cellular
      immunity, including low lymphocyte count, while humoral immunity was not changed.
      Symptomatic treatment may include oxygen supply and mechanical respiratory help,
      dietary management, and attempts towards non specific immune system stimulation.
      Aetiologic treatment is essentially the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii, which
      is discussed. Diagnosis and treatment of pneumonitis in immunosuppressed patients
      being very difficult, emphasis is made on the prevention of this accident,
      including caution in the handling of chemotherapy protocols.

PMID- 1085140
TI  - Low-level dynamic exercises for earlier cardiac rehabilitation: aerobic and
      hemodynamic responses.
AB  - Three different kinds of low-level exercise (one arm and two leg exercises) and a
      low-level treadmill test were designed for patients recovering from acute
      myocardial infarction; noninvasive circulatory and aerobic responses to these
      activities were evaluated in healthy subjects. Exercise systolic pressure-rate
      product (X 10(-2)) were, respectively, 92 +/- 16, 98 +/- 10, 106 +/- 22 and 129
      +/- 17 for the four activities studied. Exercise metabolic rates were 1.56 +/-
      0.16, 1.99 +/- 0.22, 1.68 +/- 0.25 and 2.74 +/- 0.32 METS (multiples of the
      observed resting oxygen requirements). Additionally, arteriovenous oxygen
      difference, cardiac output, stroke volume, mean systemic and mean pulmonary
      pressures were measured in four coronary patients as they performed the leg
      exercises. It is hoped that this study will provide a basis for applying these
      different forms of exercise to patients recovering from an acute myocardial
      infarction, even when they are confined to bed, in order to advance the onset of
      cardiac rehabilitation. In a similar way, the new low-level treadmill test may be
      indicated for the same patients to assess the safety of discharging them from the
      hospital and permitting unsupervised ambulatory activity at home.

PMID- 1085141
TI  - Pancreatic abscess following acute pancreatitis.
AB  - Pancreatic abscess is probably the most serious complication of acute
      pancreatitis. During the ten-year period from 1966 to 1975, twenty-eight patients
      with pancreatic abscess following acute pancreatitis were treated by surgical
      drainage. A review of these cases revealed that there was a lull in the clinical
      course of the antecedent pancreatitis prior to the time of surgical drainage in
      70% of the cases. Despite an aggressive surgical approach, there were major
      postoperative problems in 26 patients. Sepsis persisted in 14 patients. Major
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage occurred in seven, intra-abdominal bleeding in nine,
      and fistulization in 13. Fourteen patients died (a mortality of 50%). The
      operative treatment of pancreatic abscess must be aggressive and persistent. In
      addition to extensive drainage with soft sump drains, vigilance must be exercised
      to avoid pressure against bowel or major vessels. Reoperation should be
      considered if postoperative improvement is not sustained.

PMID- 1085142
TI  - Acute massive hemorrhage from intestinal Crohn disease. Report of seven cases and
      review of the literature.
AB  - Acute massive intestinal bleeding from Crohn disease occurred in 1.4% of 503
      patients undergoing treatment at the New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center
      over a 43-year period. Of the entire series, 31% had clinically evident rectal
      bleeding, while 13% had occult bleeding. Combined with previously reported
      series, onset of massive bleeding was not influenced by age of patient, duration
      of Crohn disease, use of corticosteroids, or activity of disease. Surgical
      therapy gave satisfactory results in patients with life-threatening hemorrhage.

PMID- 1085143
TI  - Selective angiography. Inadequate guide for surgery in bleeding colonic
      diverticula.
AB  - We describe a case of severe bleeding from left-sided colonic diverticula, 2 1/2
      years following right-sided colectomy for massive rectal bleeding confirmed
      angiographically to be from the right part of the colon. This experience
      demonstrates that total abdominal colectomy with ileoproctostomy is the only way
      to ensure that there is no bleeding postoperatively from diverticula, regardless
      of angiographic findings.

PMID- 1085144
TI  - Immediate endoscopic diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Its accuracy
      and value in relation to associated pathology.
AB  - Two hundred sixty-two patients with active upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding
      underwent panendoscopy between July 1970 and March 1973. There was 100% accuracy
      of endoscopic diagnosis as to the anatomical site of bleeding; the etiopathologic
      definition was 94.7% accurate. The series was divided into two groups, 116 with
      "liver disease" and 146 with "no liver disease." There were 107 patients with
      varices: 21 fell into no liver disease (small varices) and 86 into liver disease
      (39 small and 47 large varices). All had associated gastritis. Three endoscopic
      bleeding patterns were identified in the liver disease group. Only 27% of the
      patients in the liver disease group with varices (cirrhotics) had frank variceal
      hemorrhage, whereas 57% bled from hemorrhagic gastritis. The diagnostic unit
      provided early diagnosis, meaningful therapy, organized data gathering, and rough
      estimates of ultimate prognosis.

PMID- 1085145
TI  - Letter: Upper airway obstruction.

PMID- 1085146
TI  - Human T lymphocyte colonies in agar: a comparison with other T cell assays in
      healthy subjects and cancer patients.
AB  - Colonies of human lymphocytes with T cell characteristics will grow in agar from
      repeated mitotic divisions with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation. The
      colonies comprise spheres of tightly-packed cells with up to 500-1,000 blast-like
      cells in each colony. 65% of cells from pooled colonies bound AET-treated sheep
      red cells. 1,100-2,500 colonies/10(6) peripheral blood lymphocytes developed when
      cell donors were healthy but lower numbers (350-1,000 colonies/10(6) lymphocytes)
      were detected in blood from cancer patients. Comparison with other non-specific
      assays of cell-mediated immunity showed that while 66% of cancer patients were
      anergic (to five recall antigens) and 78% exhibited depressed mitotic activity in
      standard cultures with low dose PHA, 100% of these patients revealed T cell
      colony formation below normal. It is suggested that further studies of T
      lymphocyte colony-forming cells in healthy people and in a number of disease
      states may significantly advance our understanding of mechanisms of cell-mediated
      immunity.

PMID- 1085147
TI  - Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in SLE patients and their relatives.
AB  - A search for lymphocytotoxic antibodies in 50 SLE patients and in 109 of their
      blood relatives revealed an incidence of cold-reacting antibodies of 80% and 39%
      respectively, as compared with 15% in 110 normal blood donors paired for age,
      sex, and racial origin. The antibodies were also present in 7 of 18 (39%) of the
      spouses of SLE patients. Lymphocytotoxic antibodies exhibited broad reactivity in
      all groups, although positive SLE sera showed a tendency to react with a wider
      variety of lymphocytes and to present higher titers than positive sera from the
      other groups tested.

PMID- 1085148
TI  - Serum antibody in rheumatoid arthritis reactive with a cell-associated antigen.
      Demonstration by precipitation and immunofluorescence.
AB  - A cell-free extract of human diploid B lymphocytes (Wil2) in continuous culture
      was used as the source of antigen in immunodiffusion to detect a precipitating
      antibody referred to as rheumatoid arthritis precipitin (RAP) in sera of patients
      with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The prevalence of RAP was determined in various
      arthritides and other connective tissue diseases. It was found in 67% of patients
      with seropositive RA and in 62% of patients with Sjogren's syndrome associated
      with RA. But its frequency was lower in many other connective tissue diseases,
      including seronegative RA and Sjogren's syndrome without associated RA. Matching
      sera and synovial fluids from patients with seropositive RA were also studied.
      Differences in serum and synovial fluid RAP titers were demonstrated, but
      generally when RAP was present in serum, it was also present in synovial fluid
      and vice versa. Indirect immunofluorescence (IF) with Wil2 cells as substrate was
      used to demonstrate RAP and to determine morphologically the nature of the
      reactive cellular antigen. When cells were treated with commonly used fixatives,
      little or no staining with RAP positive sera was observed. This outcome was shown
      to be the result of the extreme solubility of the cellular antigen reactive with
      RAP. The antigen was retained best in a reactive form in Wil2 cells after
      fixation of cells with dry heat at 37 degrees C for 30 minutes, and it was
      demonstrated by IF staining as small round granules distributed in the nucleus
      and cytoplasm. IF was also employed to demonstrate that RAP is immunoglobulin
      belonging to IgG and IgM classes and not to IgA or IgD.

PMID- 1085149
TI  - Lymphocyte populations in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - For each of 28 patients with RA and 27 normal controls, the in vitro lymphocyte
      responses to PHA and to Con A were simultaneously determined on aliquots of the
      same cell preparation. In the case of RA lymphocytes, the response to Con A was
      abnormally low when compared with the simultaneous response to PHA (P less than
      0.01). Cells capable of responding to PHA were specifically killed with BUdR. The
      cells remaining after this procedure showed a relatively greater response to Con
      A than did the original population. In the case of RA lymphocytes, this relative
      increase in the response to Con A was significantly less than normal (0.02
      greater than P greater than 0.01). These results suggest that a lymphocyte
      subpopulation, responding principally to Con A, is relatively reduced in RA.

PMID- 1085150
TI  - Effect of anti-inflammatory agent on L-glutamine-D-fructose-6-phosphate
      transaminase.
AB  - The enzyme L-glutamineD-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.16) was
      isolated, partially characterized, and purified from the gastric mucosa of dogs.
      A new method, using 14C-fructose-6-phosphate, has been developed for the
      estimation of the enzyme activity. Several classes of standard anti-inflammatory
      agents including acetyl-salicylic acid, salicylic acid, flufenamic acid, phenyl
      butazone, indometacin, mefenamic acid, oxyphenyl-butazone, antipyrine,
      aminophenazone, allopurinol, cortisol, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were found to
      be inhibitors of this enzyme. The property of inhibition of this amino
      transferase could, thus, be used as a rapid in vitro test method for the primary
      screening of potential anti-inflammatory agents.

PMID- 1085151
TI  - [Modifications induced by antidepressant drugs on the vestibulo-ocular reflex in
      man].

PMID- 1085152
TI  - [Effects of dopamine on the vestibulo-ocular reflex in parkinsonism].

PMID- 1085153
TI  - [Effects of apomorphine on the vestibulo-ocular reflex in normal subjects and in
      patients with parkinsonism].

PMID- 1085154
TI  - [Preliminary studies on the presence of endogenous rhythm in the oviduct of Rana
      esculenta].

PMID- 1085155
TI  - [Changes in the activity of adrenal glands in Rana esculenta during the annual
      cycle: metabolism of corticosterone-4-14 c in the adrenal glands and
      determination of aldosterone and cortisol in the plasma].

PMID- 1085156
TI  - [Eye tracking test: preliminary results in patients with Parkinson's disease].

PMID- 1085157
TI  - [Abnormal formation of rosette (E and EAC) in Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1085158
TI  - [The erythropoietic activity of the spleen of Rana esculenta, in the adult and
      during metamorphosis].

PMID- 1085159
TI  - [Acute ischemic complications of the myocardium after revascularization operation
      with aorto-coronary bypass].

PMID- 1085160
TI  - Autoantibodies in patients with chronic bronchitis.
AB  - Antinuclear antibody (ANA) was found in low titre in 28% of a group of 50
      patients with chronic bronchitis by MRC criteria and defined as "severe", that is
      having at least six infective episodes a year, a vital capacity of less than 70%
      of predicted and less than 30% reversibility of their airways obstruction after
      inhalation of isoprenaline. By contrast ANA was found in only 4% of age and sex
      matched non-bronchitic controls and in none of 28 patients with "less severe"
      chronic bronchitis in whom these three criteria of severity were not fulfilled.
      The presence of antinuclear antibody was unrelated to the duration of the
      disease, sputum volume or the presence of purulent sputum at the time of the
      study. Neither was it related to blood eosinophilia, respiratory function,
      smoking or the presence of bacterial precipitins in the patient's serum. These
      findings are important because they suggest that incidental chronic bronchitis,
      unless it is extremely severe, is unlikely to contribute substantially to the
      prevalence of antinuclear antibody found in certain other lung diseases. There
      was no significant increase in smooth muscle or "reticulin" antibodies in this
      series of patients.

PMID- 1085161
TI  - Diagnostic features of the Favre-Goldmann syndrome.
AB  - Extensive retinal vascular disease was noted in three patients from two families
      with Favre-Goldmann syndrome. In addition to classical features they had
      pronounced leakage from some retinal vessels. Vessels were either opaque
      ('sclerotic') or non-perfused. Cystoid macular oedema was a contributing cause of
      decreased vision. Two of the three patients showed a discrepancy on
      electroretinography between single-flash photopic amplitudes and flicker fusion
      frequency. This may be characteristic of Favre-Goldmann syndrome.

PMID- 1085162
TI  - Communicable ophthalmia: the blinding scourge of the Middle East. Yesterday,
      today and ? tommorrow.

PMID- 1085163
TI  - Pyrrolo[1,4]benzodiazepine antibiotics. Biosynthesis of the antitumor antibiotic
      11-demethyltomaymycin and its biologically inactive metabolite oxotomaymycin by
      Streptomyces achromogenes.
AB  - 11-Demethyltomaymycin, an antitumor antibiotic produced by Streptomyces
      achromogenes, and its biologically inactive metabolite oxotomaymycin are
      biosynthesized from L-tyrosine, DL-tryptophan, and L-methionine. The anthranilate
      part of 11-demethyltomaymycin is derived from tryptophan probably via the
      kynurenine pathway. The predominant loss of tritium from DL-[5-3H]tryptophan,
      during its conversion to 11-demethyltomaymycin and oxotomaymycin is interpreted
      to mean by NIH shift rules, that the main pathway to the 5-methoxy-4-hydroxy
      anthranilate moiety is through hydroxylation at C-8 prior to hydroxylation at C
      7. The methoxy carbon is derived from the S-methyl group of methionine by
      transfer of an intact methyl group. The ethylideneproline moiety of 11
      demethyltomaymycin is biosynthesized from tyrosine, without a 1-carbon unit from
      methionine. The results of biosynthetic feeding experiments with L-[1-14C, 3- or
      5-3H]tyrosine are consistent with a "meta" or extradiol cleavage of 6,7
      dihydroxycyclodopa as has also been demonstrated previously for anthramycin and
      lincomycin A. An experiment in which L-[1-14C, Ala-2,3-3H]tyrosine was fed showed
      that both the beta hydrogens of this amino acids are retained in 11
      demethyltomaymycin. It has been demonstrated in cultures and washed cell
      preparations that 11-demethyltomaymycin is enzymatically converted to
      oxotomaymycin by an intracellular constitutive enzyme. Conversion of
      oxotomaymycin to 11-demethyltomaymycin by these same preparations could not be
      demonstrated. The enzymatic activity associated with the conversion of 11
      demethyltomaymycin to oxotomaymycin is not limited to the 11-demethyltomaymycin
      to oxotomaymycin is not limited to the 11-demethyltomaymycin production phase,
      since trophophase cells and even cells from 11-demethyltomaymycin nonproducing
      cultures of S. achromogenes were equally active in converting 11
      demethyltomaymycin to oxotomaymycin.

PMID- 1085164
TI  - The effect of ethanol on ion transport in frog skin.
AB  - Frog skin has been used as a model epithelial sodium-transporting system to study
      the effect of ethanol on ion transport. Treatment of the outside of frog skin
      with ethanol decreased the net sodium transport due to inhibition of 22Na+
      influx. Ethanol did not alter sodium outflux when bathin the outside of the skin.
      The inhibition was in proportion to the concentration of ethanol, 0.25 M
      resulting in 50% inhibition. The chloride permeability of the skin was increased
      several-fold when the skin was exposed to ethanol in either bathing solution.
      With 0.4 M ethanol in the inner bathing solution, all the unidirectional fluxes
      of Na+ and C1- were increased. The movement of C1- was evaluated by comparison of
      C1- flux with urea flux, since urea is thought to move passively across frog skin
      via an extracellular (shunt) pathway. Chloride flux was increased to a greater
      extent than urea flux. These experiments indicate that ethanol affects chloride
      permeability beyond an increase in extracellular ion flow and independent of its
      effect of Na+ transport.

PMID- 1085165
TI  - Pysicochemical studies of taste reception. V. Suppressive effect of salts on
      sugar response of the frog.
AB  - The tast responses of frog to various kinds of sugars were measured
      quantitatively by use of the glossopharyngeal nerve activity under an appropriate
      condition where the water response was completely suppressed. The concentration
      dependences of response of frog tongue to D-fructose, D-glucose, and sucrose were
      almost the same, D-galactose, however, elicited a much larger response in
      comparison with the other sugars in the whole range of concentrations examined.
      The sugar response was suppressed extensively by the presence of small amount of
      salts in the stimulating sugar solution. The suppressive effects of NaCl, KCl,
      MgCl2, MgSO4, and K4Fe(CN)6 were examined with a fixed concentration of sugar.
      The results obtained with these salts, added in various concentrations, fell on a
      single curve when the data were plotted against the ionic strength in the
      stimulating solution. The present results were consistent with the notion that
      the taste receptor potential for salts or acids is attributable to a change in
      the phase boundary potential at the membrane-solution interface as proposed in
      the previous papers of this series.

PMID- 1085166
TI  - Phytohaemagglutinin stimulation of rat thymus lymphocytes glycolysis.
AB  - Glucose disappearance and lactate production by the rat thymocytes are stimulated
      significantly 45 min after addition of phytohaemagglutinin or concanavalin A and
      the stimulated rate is sustained for at least 8 h. Changes in the steady-state
      concentration of glycolytic intermediates that occur at non-equilibrium steps
      during the increased rate of glycolytic flux indicate that the glucose carrier,
      hexokinase and phosphofructokinase are potentially regulatory steps that undergo
      nearly simultaneous or tightly sequential activation following interaction of the
      cells with the mitogen.

PMID- 1085167
TI  - Purification and physicochemical properties of superoxide dismutase from two
      photosynthetic microorganisms.
AB  - Superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) has been isolated and characterised from the
      blue-green alga Spirulina platensis and from aerobically-grown Rhodopseudomonas
      spheroides, a purple, non-sulphur bacterium. The former enzyme contains 1 gatom
      of iron and the latter 1 gatom of manganese per mol; both enzymes have a
      molecular weight of 37 000-38 000, being composed of two non-covalently joined
      subunits of equal size. Various spectral studies have been carried out including
      absorbance, circular dichroism and electron spin resonance. Catalytic activity
      has been studied as a function of pH and shows a decrease at alkaline pH values.
      The manganoenzyme is generally more stable to various potentially denaturing
      conditions and is resistant to inactivation by hydrogen peroxide. Amino acid
      compositions and N-terminal residue determinations are presented.

PMID- 1085168
TI  - Membranes of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. IV. Assembly of chromatophores in low
      aeration cell suspensions.
AB  - Chromatophore membrane formation was induced in low-aeration suspensions of
      Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and highly purified chromatophore preparations were
      isolated at various intervals between 4 and 18 h. The levels of several
      functional components associated with the isolated strucures were investigated. B
      875, the light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll complex associated with the
      reaction center, was preferentially inserted into the chromatophore membrane
      during the early stages of induction, and thereafter its levels reached a steady
      state; b- and c-type cytochromes were also maintained at essentially constant
      levels. In contrast, the levels of B-850, the accessory light-harvesting
      bacteriochlorophyll, together with its associated protein, continued to increase
      throughout the induction process. Increases in the levels of the major carotenoid
      component followed a similar course. These findings are consistent with a
      stepwise assembly mechanism for associated bacteriochlorophyll and protein
      components and suggest that separate regulatory mechanisms control the levels of
      functionally essential and accessory components within the membrane.

PMID- 1085169
TI  - The serum sialyltransferase activity in alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - alpha 1-Antitrypsin phenotypes Pi M and Z, purified by the thiol-disulfide
      exchange procedure, were desialylated by treatment with neuraminidase covalently
      coupled to Sepharose and used as acceptors of sialic acid in an assay system for
      serum sialic acid transferase (CMP-N-acetylneuraminate:D-galactosyl-glycoprotein
      N-acetylneuraminyltransferase, EC 2.4.99.1) activity. Both asialoantitrypsins
      were equally effective as acceptors in contrast to native Pi Z antitrypsin which
      did not accept any sialic acid. Serum sialyltransferase activity was determined
      in 38 adult alpha 1-antitrypsin deficient individuals (Pi Z, MZ, FZ, SZ) with
      normal liver function and was found to be of the same magnitude as the activity
      in normal individuals (Pi M). Equal activities were also found in 5 Pi Z patients
      with cirrhosis of the liver. The results strongly argue against the concept that
      sialyltransferase deficiency provides the molecular basis for alpha 1-antitrypsin
      deficiency.

PMID- 1085170
TI  - Chronic hepatotoxicity and intestinal bleeding in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine
      carcinogenesis in rats and mice.
AB  - The long term administration of dimethylhydrazine to mice induces severe
      hepatotoxic damage. Parenchymal cell pleomorphism and necrosis were later
      associated with reticulin collapse and bile duct proliferation. Withdrawing the
      drug after 17 weeks was followed by some improvement in the parenchymal cells but
      there was a chronic proliferative response tending towards early cirrhotic
      changes. The rats appeared relatively resistant to the hepatotoxic effects but
      unlike the mice the colon tumors arising in these animals bled frequently and
      could result in profound anemia.

PMID- 1085171
TI  - A new and simple method of quantifying the bleeding time.
AB  - Disorders which produce an increase in blood loss after skin trauma do not
      necessarily result in a prolongation of the bleeding time. A standardized method
      to quantify this blood loss using the Coulter Counter model S (or other available
      haemoglobinometer) is reported. The need for and use of such a technique is
      illustrated by the investigation of primary or secondary haemostatic disorders
      and assessment of transfusion studies.

PMID- 1085172
TI  - Short induction treatment in acute granulocytic leukemia.
AB  - Short treatment with four cytostatics in acute granulocytic leukemia induced
      aplasia and reduction of total leukemic cells in 50 over 59 patients. Complete
      remission occured in 30 and 20 died with infectious complications during
      induction. Short induction treatment allowed a reduction of induction period and
      so a reduction of high risk period of induction before completion of complete
      remission.

PMID- 1085173
TI  - Letter: Cell-mediated immunity to human melanoma cell lines detected by chromium
      release tests.

PMID- 1085174
TI  - Disorganized meridional rows in the lens epithelium of hypophysectomized frogs
      (Rana pipiens).
AB  - Hypophysectomy of the frog Rana pipiens causes the disappearance of mitosis in
      the lens epithelium. The lens epithelium from animals hypophysectomized for ten
      months has been found to display a disorganization of the meridional rows.
      Experiments with mechanical and chemical injuries suggest that cell density may
      be involved in column disorganization.

PMID- 1085175
TI  - [Blood flow distribution in the branches of frog mesentery arterial
      microvessels].
AB  - The blood flow distribution in 49 arterial branchings of the mesentery (R.
      temporaria) was investigated (D of the trunk = 25.7 + 0.0 mum). Linear rate was
      measured by the impulse digital chronometry of the intervals of the erythrocyte
      transit time. The geometric characteristics of the branching was determined in
      vivo, on photographs. An asymmetric structure of the investigated branching was
      shown; branch 1 had the inner initial cross-section which was 2.2 times greater
      than that of branch 2 and lesser turning angles (29 and 59 degrees). The blood
      flow in branch 1 was three times greater than the blood flow in branch 2; this
      was due to its greater inner initial cross-section and a higher linear rate.
      According to calculations, the blood flow resistance of the branch-turn was
      insignificant in the general blood flow resistance of branches; therefore the
      turning angle of the branches could not serve as an important regulator of the
      volume of the blood flowing in them. An experimentally revealed association
      between the blood flow in the branches, their radius and their turning angles is
      well described by equations of the "optimal" model of the vessel branching.

PMID- 1085176
TI  - [Relationship between T- and B-lymphocyte cooperation and their syngeneity].
AB  - Cooperation efficiency of (CBA x C57BL/6) F1 thymocytes and CBA bone marrow cells
      in immune response to SRBC was compared with the syngenic combination of the same
      cells. Selectivity of interaction of the T- and B-lymphocytes of different origin
      was studied in incomplete cyclophosphamines (CBA x C57BL/6) leads to CBA
      chimerae, where donors were primed with SRBC and the recipients were either
      intact or tolerant to the given antigen. F1 T-cells proved to interact with the
      CAB-B-cells 10-15 times less effectively than with the syngenic B-cells. It is
      suggested that similarity between the antigenic structure of the cell membrane of
      the T- and B-lymphocytes, aiding their physical contact, increased the action
      efficiency of the T-mediator on the B-cell.

PMID- 1085177
TI  - [Use of peritoneal macrophages labeled with Cr51 and cultivated in vitro as
      target cells for quantitative assessment of the cytotoxic activity of immune T
      lymphocytes].
AB  - Peritoneal macrophages previously labeled in a suspension with 51Cr and grown in
      the form of a discontinuous monolayer on glass, pretreated with poly-l-lysin were
      used as target cells. This permitted to estimate the cytotoxic activity of immune
      lymphocytes by 51Cr release for the period of 4 and 20 hours of incubation with
      the target. 51Cr release from such a target incubated with normal lymphocytes for
      20 hours did not exceed 10-20% of the maximum release. Application of a 2%
      solution of sodium dodecylsulfate ensured a 100 per cent solubilization of
      labeled macrophages growing on the glass surface, and permitted the cytotoxic
      effect to be determined by measuring the label remaining in the intact cells.

PMID- 1085178
TI  - [A peculiarity in the humoral immunity of BALB/C mice with Rauscher leukemia].
AB  - There proved to be an increase in B-lymphocyte count (associated with increased
      synthesis of nonspecific immunoglobulins) in BALB/C mice highly sensitive to
      Rausher virus, after the administration of a relatively low dose of the virus.
      After the administration of the virus in combination with complete Freund's
      adjuvant in the spleen of mice, at the early periods of development of the
      disease, there were present normal cells synthesizing antibodies against the
      surface antigen of Rausher leukemia and leukemic cells with blocking antibodies
      adsorbed on their surface.

PMID- 1085179
TI  - [Effect of trasyslol on the permeability of the histo-hematic barrier in ischemic
      myocardium].
AB  - Ligation of the descending branch of the left coronary artery caused an increase
      in the permeability of the histo-hematic barrier of the myocardium for sulfacyl
      sodium in the ischemic area and in the region adjacent to it. Trasylol proved to
      decrease the permeability of the histo-hematic barrier of the myocardium in the
      mentioned area, without influencing the intact zone. Fluoresceine test
      demonstrated the presence of membranotropic effect of trasylol; the preparation
      had no effect on the osmotic stability of erythrocytes in vitro.

PMID- 1085180
TI  - [Aggregated immunoglobulins as antigen-binding receptors of immune lymphocytes].
AB  - At the peak of the primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes there appeared
      in the spleen of mice rosette-forming cells (RFC) effectively inactivated with
      antibodies against aggregated mouse immunoglobulins and with the complex of
      polyadenylic-polyuridylic acids (poly-A, poly-U, respectively). These cells
      disappeared from the spleen on the 9th day after the primary immunization and
      were not revealed at the peak of the secondary immune response. When small
      splenic lymphocytes obtained on the 5th day after the immunization with sheep
      erythrocytes were incubated in vitro for 24 hours the total amount of the RFC
      inactivated by antibodies to the aggregated mouse immunoglobulin disappeared
      completely. These data can be considered as an indication of the existence at the
      peak of the primary immune response of rosette-forming cells having the antigen
      antibody complexes in the capacity of the antigen-binding receptors.

PMID- 1085181
TI  - [Cytotoxic and complement-binding activity of rabbit antisera against the cortex
      and cerebral white matter of rats and humans].
AB  - The cytotoxicity and complement-fixation activity of rabbit antisera against rat
      and human brain cortex and white matter was tested against mouse and rat
      thymocytes and bone marrow cells. The cytotoxic test proved to be more sensitive
      and accurate. The cytotoxins to rodent thymocytes were found in the antisera
      against human brain cortex only. At the same time cytotoxic antibodies were
      revealed both in the antisera rat brain cortex and white matter; but the former
      contained much more cytotoxic antibodies than the letter. After absorption with
      the same antigen the antisera against rat brain cortex lost their cytotoxic
      effect, but retained it in case of absorption with the white matter.

PMID- 1085182
TI  - [Selective concurrent suppression of the process of rosette-forming cell
      accumulation during the immune response].
AB  - Repeated injections to mice of normal rabbit immunoglobulins preceding
      immunization with sheep erythrocytes inhibited the accumulation of rosette
      forming cells (RFC) in the spleen, without influencing the proliferation of the
      antibody-forming cells and hemaggutinin production. Reduction of the RFC under
      these conditions occurred on account of B-cells whose antigen-binding receptors
      could be blocked by antibodies against the aggregated mouse immunoglobulins and a
      complex of polyadenylic-polyuridylic acids. Repeated injections of the
      competitive antigen enhanced the formation of the immunological memory to the
      second antigen. The problem of the origin of the immune rosette-forming B-cells
      and their influence on the formation on the immunological memory is discussed.

PMID- 1085183
TI  - [NAG infection of grass frog (Rana temporaria) tadpoles].
AB  - Rana temporaria tadpoles (2250) were contaminated with three types of NAG vibrio
      cultures. Clinical, bacteriological and morphological examinations showed the
      larvae to be suffering from an acute infection during the first 2 days after the
      contamination. Then the vibrios persisted in the tadpole organism for a long time
      and were excreted in the feces.

PMID- 1085184
TI  - [T- and B-lymphocyte content in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects].
AB  - It was revealed by the method of rosette-formation that the content T- and B
      lymphocytes differed in human blood depending on the time of the day and the
      season. T-cells were at their maximum in the morning and B-cells -- in the
      evening. The percentage content of B-cells was greater in autumn than in winter.

PMID- 1085185
TI  - [Cytogenetic effects of chloroquine in a culture of human lymphocytes].
AB  - Chloroquine added to human lymphocyte culture at the G1 stage had no influcence
      on the chromosome aberration level in the concentration of 15 mug/ml and
      suppressed the mitotic activity of the cells almost completely in the
      concentration of 60 and 100 mug/ml. At the G2 stage chloroquine in the
      concentration of 15 mug/ml had no cytogenetic effect and in the concentration of
      100 mug/ml -- it increased the number of chromosome aberrations significantly.

PMID- 1085187
TI  - Immunological tolerance: introduction.

PMID- 1085186
TI  - Antibody-induced von Willebrand's disease: a newly defined inhibitor syndrome.
AB  - A patient is described with clinical and laboratory evidence of von Willebrand's
      disease (VWD) in association with lymphosarcoma. He consistently had a bleeding
      time of over 20 min; factor VIIAHF, VIIAGN, and VIIVWF under 20%; and severe,
      diffuse hemorrhage, Following transfusion with cryoprecipitate, the patient had
      the expected rise in VIIAGN and VIIAHF. The patient's plasma contained an
      inhibitor which prevented aggregation of normal platelets by ristocetin, but
      which did not interfere with the measurement of VIIAGN or inactivate VIIAHF
      activity. The inhibitor was present in serum heated at 56 degrees C for 30 min,
      was present in a purified IgG fraction of serum, and was precipitated by anti
      human IgG. The antibody did not interact directly with washed platelets, but
      appeared to interact with that portion of the factor VII protein that supports
      ristocetin aggregation (VIIIVWF). The data provide the first explanation for the
      pathophysiology of the acquired von Willebrand's syndrome.

PMID- 1085188
TI  - Antinuclear antibodies in patients on lithium carbonate.

PMID- 1085189
TI  - Letter: Priorities in the NHS.

PMID- 1085190
TI  - Letter: Measles encephalitis during immunosuppressive treatment.

PMID- 1085191
TI  - Two populations of afferent fibres in the saccular nerve of the frog (Rana
      esculenta).

PMID- 1085192
TI  - Calcium absorption in the elderly.

PMID- 1085193
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity in patients with carcinoma: correlation between clinical
      stage and immunocompetence.
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was evaluated in 82 patients with non-lymphoid
      tumors by in vivo and in vitro methods. These included skin test with ubiquitous
      antigens, 2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) sensitization, determination of T and B
      peripheral blood lymphocytes, and lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin
      (PHA). The patients were divided into two groups: those with localized and those
      with disseminated disease (LD and DD). The patients with LD showed no significant
      differences in CMI when compared with normal controls. The patients with DD
      showed various defects in CMI when compared with controls and patients with LD.
      There were significant differences in the response to DNCB, and streptokinase
      streptodornase (SK-SD) was the most discriminative of the skin-test antigens. The
      response to PHA was greatly depressed in patients with DD, whether in the
      presence of autologous or homologous plasma; in some patients a factor inhibiting
      to blastogenesis was detected in the serum. In patients with DD, a T-cell
      lymphopenia was observed. These data showed a correlation between
      immunocompetence and clinical stage.

PMID- 1085194
TI  - Correlation of regional lymph node in vitro antitumor immunoreactivity histology
      with colorectal carcinoma.
AB  - Lymph nodes from resected specimens of human colorectal carcinoma were
      investigated for in vitro lymphocyte cytotoxicity against primary cultures of
      autologous tumor cells. Regional lymph node lymphocytes were cytotoxic in 32 of
      142 cases (23%). Altogether 200 nodes were examined and the cytotoxicity
      correlated directly with sinus histiocytosis, seen in 43 nodes from 35 cases, and
      with hyperplasia of B- and T-lymphocyte areas combined, seen in 92 nodes from 65
      cases. Lymph nodes with combined B- and T-cell hyperplasia were significantly
      more common in cases of good tumor differentiation. The findings suggest that
      sinus histiocytosis and hyperplasia of both major lymphocyte populations are
      morphological expressions of in vitro antitumor immunoreactivity in the regional
      lymph node.

PMID- 1085195
TI  - High terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase activity in acute myelogenous
      leukemia.
AB  - Although leukocytes from all 13 acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients examined
      had high terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (terminal transferase) activity
      (20 to 100 units/mg of cellular DNA, where 1 unit equals 1 nmole of nucleotide
      polymerized in 1 hr) and those from 21 acute myelocytic leukemia patients had low
      terminal transferase activity (0.2 to 2 units/mg of cellular DNA), the bone
      marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes from 2 patients with acute myelocytic
      leukemia, diagnosed on the basis of clinical features and the morphology,
      cytochemistry, and cytogenetics of the leukemic cells, had terminal transferase
      activity (39 to 52 units/mg of cellular DNA) equivalent to that found in leukemic
      lymphoblasts. These results bring under question the specificity of high terminal
      transferase activity outside of the thymus as a marker for leukemic lymphoblasts
      and, secondarily, the derivation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in all
      cases from thymocytes. Perhaps malignant transformation in a pleuripotent stem
      cell with derepression of the genome for terminal transferase could account for
      high terminal transferase activity observed in certain leukemic cells.

PMID- 1085196
TI  - [Effect of some non-steroid antirheumatic drugs on tetrazoliumreductase activity
      of leucocytes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085197
TI  - [The action of prostatic secretion on trichomonas vaginalis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085198
TI  - Continuous culturing of murine splenic B-lumphocytes: synthesis and surface
      deposition of IgM and putative IgD molecules.
AB  - A method for the continuous culturing of mouse splenic lymphocytes is described.
      The method utilizes rat-tail collagen-coated glass or plastic surfaces which
      enhance the adherence and proliferation of B-lymphocytes. The cultured cells are
      shown to synthesize IgM and putative IgD molecules which are deposited on the
      cell membrane. The majority of the cells possessed Fc receptors and C' receptors,
      while none of them seemed to possess theta-antigen. It is concluded that these
      cells are functionally active B-lymphoid cells.

PMID- 1085199
TI  - The proliferation of plasma cells from mouse bone marrow in vitro. II-Stimulation
      of IgG-producing cells by a RNase-sensitive thymocyte homogenate.

PMID- 1085200
TI  - The immunological status of mice during the generation of cyclophosphamide
      induced tolerance.

PMID- 1085201
TI  - Analysis of the developmental stage of specific and nonspecific cytotoxity. I.
      Separation of the developmental steps of specific cytotoxicity by susceptibility
      to irradiation.

PMID- 1085202
TI  - Mechanism and specificity of macrophage-mediated cytotoxity.

PMID- 1085203
TI  - Contact sensitivity to picryl chloride: the occurrence of B suppressor cells in
      the lymph nodes and spleen of immunized mice.

PMID- 1085204
TI  - Arenaviruses: purification and physicochemical nature.
AB  - The arenaviruses are a group of enveloped viruses having as a unique
      morphological finding the presence in the virion of granules instead of a defined
      core. The viruses contain a single-stranded RNA genome, but appreciable amounts
      of ribosomal-like RNA and 4-6S RNA of host cell origin have been detected. Little
      information is available on the mode of replication of the viral nucleic acids. A
      virion-associated RNA-dependent RNA polymerase has been described and there is
      indirect evidence to suggest that host cell RNA or DNA participates in virus
      replication. However, the steps in viral RNA synthesis and expression have not
      yet been elucidated.Pichinde virus contains 2 glycoproteins and 2 polypeptides.
      Cells infected with Pichinde virus or LCM virus have been shown to produce 2
      antigens detectable by immunodiffusion. Both antigens appear to be components of
      the virion, but the relation between the antigens detected by immunodiffusion and
      the polypeptides detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has not yet been
      clarified.

PMID- 1085205
TI  - LCM virus infection of cells in vitro.
AB  - Most mammalian cells cultivated in vitro can be infected with lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis (LCM) virus. In addition to infectious virus, the cells produce
      antigenic material that fixes complement in the presence of antibody and is
      precipitated by antiserum. Intracellular antigen can also be demonstrated by the
      immunofluorescence procedure. When infected cells are viewed with the electron
      microscope, viral structures are seen either budding from or in association with
      the cell membranes. Immunoelectron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and
      cytotoxicity tests reveal virus-specific antigens on the surface of intact cells.
      Virus multiplication may be succeeded by cytolysis. Two LCM virus-specific
      antigens (or antigenic groups) can at present be distinguished. One corresponds
      to the infectious virus; the other is the complement-fixing "soluble" antigen.
      This extractable complement-fixing activity is produced by infected cells and is
      also a structural component of the infectious virus. It is not represented on the
      surface of either the virion or the infected cell. The cytolytic potential of LCM
      virus varies and is dependent on its previous passage history. Cytolytic and
      "attenuated" variants are able to initiate persistent infection of Mus
      musculus.Together with infectious virus, particles are produced that temporarily
      protect cells against standard virus. They appear to be by-products of virus
      multiplication, not in the sense of deletion mutants but of virus structures
      insufficiently equipped for their own active or passive replication, though
      capable of interfering with infectious virus. No evidence has been found for the
      generation of "defective interfering" particles, though their presence has not
      yet been excluded.

PMID- 1085206
TI  - Immune responses to LCM virus infection in vivo and in vitro. Mechanisms of
      immune-mediated disease.
AB  - Both recovery and death of mice following acute infections with lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis virus appear to be mediated by a population of virus-specific
      thymus-derived (T) effector lymphocytes that possess lytic activity in vitro
      against virus-infected syngeneic fibroblasts. Whether recovery or death occurs is
      determined by the balance between two interdependent factors: (1) the extent of
      virus-induced modifications in the surfaces of cells comprising "target" tissues,
      and (2) the efficiency of the immune inductive process leading to the generation
      of effector T lymphocytes that recognize and destroy these modified cells.

PMID- 1085207
TI  - Persistent LCM virus infection in the mouse. Immunity and tolerance.
AB  - The initiation of persistent infections with the Traub strain of the LCM virus is
      dependent not only on the number of immunocompetent cells present in the infected
      animals but probably also on the fact that the virus depresses the development of
      the bone marrow cells and causes a pronounced immunosuppression at the T cell
      level. By analysing the events leading to the termination of the virus carrier
      state by adoptive immunization, it was clearly demonstrated that the cellular
      immunity provoked was solely responsible for the virus elimination. Furthermore,
      helper T cells were shown to be necessary for the production of antibodies, which
      also occurs in adoptively immunized mice. In view of this finding, further
      experiments were performed, which strongly indicated that neither LCM-primed B
      cells nor LCM-primed helper T cells are present in mice that are persistent virus
      carriers. Similarly, neither cellular immunity to the LCM virus nor the presence
      of enhancing factors or suppressor cells could be detected. It is concluded that
      C(3)H mice that are persistent virus carriers have developed a humoral as well as
      a cellular immunological tolerance to the LCM virus.

PMID- 1085208
TI  - Neurobiology of LCM virus infection in rodents.
AB  - In addition to the previously reported data on the retinal and cerebellar
      immunopathology following infection of neonatal rats with LCM virus, we have
      found that there are long-term effects on behavioural and neurological
      development. Rats were inoculated intracerebrally with the E-350 strain at
      different ages during the first 3 weeks after birth. Behavioural tests were
      initiated when the animals were either 3 months or 1 year of age. The behavioural
      consequences appear to be a long-term alteration in emotional reactivity such
      that the infected animals are less responsive than controls as assessed by these
      measures. No alterations were detected in animals infected after the first
      postnatal week. Complementing these data are the findings of a collaterally
      progressive lesion of the hippocampal dentate gyrus as well as a loss in total
      cell number in the forebrain (as assessed by DNA, RNA, and protein
      determinations) amounting to about 20% of the brain mass. These behavioural,
      histological, and biochemical data indicate that there are forebrain structures,
      most probably within the limbic system, that are susceptible at critical phases
      of development to the pathological consequences of infection with LCM virus.

PMID- 1085209
TI  - The pathology of human Lassa fever.
AB  - Pathological findings have been described in only a small number of cases of
      Lassa fever since the virus was first isolated in 1969. Morphologically,
      eosinophilic necrosis of hepatocytes was the most frequent finding and focal
      necroses, often extensive, were present in most cases. These findings are similar
      to the lesions previously described in Argentinian and Bolivian haemorrhagic
      fever. Focal interstitial pneumonitis, focal tubular necrosis in the kidney,
      lymphocytic infiltration of the splenic veins, and partial replacement of the
      splenic follicles by amorphous eosinophilic material have been described, but the
      significance of these findings is unclear. More detailed and sophisticated
      investigations are required in the future if pathogenetic mechanisms are to be
      unravelled.

PMID- 1085210
TI  - Recent outbreaks of lymphocytic choriomeningitis in the United States of America.
AB  - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) has been rarely reported in the American
      literature since 1960. It is interesting that each of the 3 epidemics reported
      since then has been associated with exposure to hamsters. In 1973, 48 cases of
      LCM spanning the years 1971-1973 occurred at the University of Rochester Medical
      School associated with hamsters implanted with tumour tissues. These tissues were
      found to be LCM-positive, as in an earlier outbreak in 1965 at the National
      Institutes of Health. A nationwide outbreak of LCM occurred in late 1973 and
      early 1974 totalling at least 181 cases in 12 states; all were associated with
      pet hamsters from a single breeder in Birmingham, Alabama. He was an employee of
      a biological products firm whose tumour tissues were found positive for LCM and
      were also incriminated in the 1973 Rochester outbreak. The last outbreak occurred
      in a graduate school laboratory in New York State involving 7 individuals working
      with hamster tumours from the same Birmingham biological firm. The nationwide
      epidemic ended in middle April 1974 following removal of incriminated hamsters
      from pet shops throughout the country and voluntary cessation of distribution of
      hamsters from the incriminated breeder. The biological firm notified all
      laboratories of the possible contamination of tumours and has voluntarily stopped
      distribution of known positive tumours.

PMID- 1085211
TI  - Some observations on hamster-derived human infection with lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis virus.
AB  - The sequence of events leading to the diagnosis of recent outbreaks of hamster
      borne lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) in New York State is briefly reviewed.
      Some relevant experiments on persistent LCM infection of hamsters are described,
      including measurements of complement levels in the affected animals. Evidence is
      discussed which suggests that complement has an important role in eliminating
      free virus in the circulation by participating in virus neutralization.

PMID- 1085212
TI  - Clinical and epidemiological patterns of Argentine haemorrhagic fever.
AB  - The epidemiology of Argentine haemorrhagic fever (AHF) is closely related to
      cricetine rodents acting as natural hosts of Junin virus. The endemo-epidemic
      area, which has increased 5 times since the disease was first recognized 15-20
      years ago, is located in a densely populated region of Argentina. It has been
      shown that the virus of LCM is active in humans and rodents of the AHF endemic
      area; this demonstrates the simultaneous presence of two arenaviruses pathogenic
      for man in a given geographic location.The disease is characterized by
      haematological, renal, neurological and cardiovascular changes. Electron
      microscopy and immunohistochemical studies have shown cytopathic changes,
      characteristic intracellular virus-like particles, and antigenic determinants of
      Junin virus in different organs from 9 cases of AHF. No deposits of
      immunoglobulins or C3 were found in the kidneys; in addition, an absence of
      fibrinogen and C3 in the hepatocytes and of immunoglobulins in the spleen was
      observed. These findings suggest a direct viral pathogenic action in the human
      disease.Ultrastructural and immunofluorescence studies in tissues of guinea-pigs
      inoculated with two strains of Junin virus revealed the presence of the same
      types of virus-like particles and antigenic determinants of Junin virus as were
      encountered in the human subjects with AHF.

PMID- 1085213
TI  - Surveillance of Lassa fever in missionaries stationed in West Africa.
AB  - To determine the distribution of Lassa virus in West Africa, a serological survey
      was undertaken. A number of mission hospital supplied sera from patients admitted
      with a history of fever and specimens were also collected in New York from
      missionaries who had experienced an unusual febrile illness while working in
      Africa. More cases of Lassa fever were detected among missionaries than among
      Africans, possibly because many African patients had left hospital before the
      complement fixation tests had become positive. Although most adults had fairly
      high fever and some were prostrated, fever was less severe in the children
      examined. In general the findings confirm that not all Lassa fever patients have
      the severe syndrome described in the original reports.

PMID- 1085214
TI  - Lassa fever in Onitsha, East Central State, Nigeria in 1974.
AB  - Three cases of Lassa fever occurred in Onitsha, East Central State, Nigeria, in
      January and February 1974. The first case was a 19-year-old Nigerian; the other 2
      cases were German missionary physicians at St Charles Borromeo Hospital, Onitsha,
      one of whom cared for the patient who was the first case. Thus, 2 of the 3 cases
      were hospital acquired. Investigations failed to discover a village outbreak or
      the source of virus for the first case. A serosurvey of 258 hospital staff
      members and contacts of the 3 cases showed no other persons with antibody to
      Lassa virus. The absence of Lassa virus antibody in a high-risk group indicates a
      low or nonexistent level of past Lassa virus activity in southeastern Nigeria.

PMID- 1085215
TI  - Use of the complement fixation (CF) test in Lassa fever surveillance. Evidence
      for persistent CF antibodies.
AB  - A survey to detect individuals with antibodies to Lassa virus was undertaken
      among hospital personnel in the eastern and southern provinces of Sierra Leone
      late in 1974. Sera were evaluated by the complement fixation test. The data
      obtained showed that some contacts of Lassa fever patients in the 1972 epidemic
      had developed antibodies to the virus; individuals who had never reported being
      sick also showed evidence of infection, with significant CF antibody titres in
      their sera. Surviving Lassa fever patients from the 1972 epidemic still had
      easily measurable levels of persisting CF antibodies. The significance of these
      data is discussed; in addition it is recommended that the CF test should continue
      to be the method of choice in mass surveys for this virus disease until other
      tests can be developed.

PMID- 1085216
TI  - Recent isolations of Lassa virus from Nigerian rodents.
AB  - Rodents were trapped in the Benue-Plateau and North-Eastern States of Nigeria
      where Lassa fever had been reported in previous years. Eight Lassa virus strains
      were isolated from tissues and blood of rodents identified in the field as being
      of 3 different species: Mastomys natalensis, Rattus rattus, and Mus minutoides.
      All the infected rodents were collected in village habitats. These isolations
      indicate the presence of Lassa virus in wild rodents in Nigeria during periods
      when no human infections were evident.Prior studies in Sierra Leone have
      indicated that a single rodent species, M. natalensis, may be the important
      reservoir host of Lassa virus. Since the present study indicates that other
      rodent species may be involved as well, the ecology of Lassa virus may be more
      complicated than was heretofore supposed. In view of the importance of
      determining the geographic and species range of rodent hosts of Lassa virus, and
      because of the problems inherent in rodent identification under austere field
      conditions, it is urgent that further studies be conducted in the same areas of
      Nigeria to confirm these findings.

PMID- 1085217
TI  - Viruses other than arenaviruses from West African wild mammals. Factors affecting
      transmission to man and domestic animals.
AB  - At least thirty-seven different viruses have been isolated from wild mammals in
      West Africa since 1962. Some of these, including Lassa virus, are already known
      to cause serious human morbidity and mortality. Crimean haemorrhagic fever-Congo
      virus, Dugbe virus, Mokola virus, and a smallpox-like agent from a gerbil in
      Dahomey are briefly discussed. An account of social and ecologic factors
      affecting man, domestic animals, and their interaction with wild mammals is
      given.

PMID- 1085218
TI  - The ecology of Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis in southern Africa.
AB  - The only non-human host of Lassa virus so far identified is the multimammate
      mouse, Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis, but its precise role in the natural Lassa
      fever cycle remains to be determined. This species is also an important link in
      the plague cycle in southern Africa and is one of the commonest rodents of
      Africa. It is a prolific breeder and can be kept and bred easily in captivity. It
      is thus an excellent laboratory animal, although it needs to be handled with care
      because it is aggressive towards man and bites readily. The current status of
      knowledge of its taxonomy, ecology, distribution, and role as a disease vector is
      reviewed, but attention is drawn to the possibly disastrous consequences of
      attempting to eradicate a vector species before the natural cycle of the disease
      and the ecology of the vector are fully understood.

PMID- 1085219
TI  - The biology, behaviour, and ecology of Mastomys natalensis in southern Africa.
AB  - The multimammate mouse, Mastomys natalensis, is the most widespread and common
      rodent in Africa south of the Sahara. It is an ideal carrier of normally non
      human diseases to the domestic environment, not only because of its semi
      commensal habit but also because of a combination of other behavioural and
      ecological factors. Of these, the most important is an exceptionally high
      propagation rate.

PMID- 1085220
TI  - Spontaneous diseases in a closed colony of Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis.
AB  - In comparison with other rodents, the mastomys is unique as regards the patterns
      of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases that it develops, some of which may
      constitute suitable animal models for corresponding diseases of man. Among the
      spontaneous diseases commonly encountered in necropsies of 600 mastomys
      maintained in a closed colony were: (1) degenerative joint disease of diarthroses
      and interventricular disks, which develops regularly in the second year of life;
      (2) renal disease, a type of immune-complex glomerulonephritis, affecting
      approximately 80% of mastomys in the age bracket 18-36 months; (3) thymomas and
      thymic hyperplasia affecting 30% of mastomys by the time they are 2 years old or
      older; (4) a combination of thymoma and polymyositis in a mastomys showing serum
      globulin reactivity, presumably auto-antibody against striated muscle; (5)
      beginning before the age of 1 year, replacement of the normal cell population of
      the lymphoid tissues by plasma cells, and intense plasma cell infiltration at
      many other organ and tissue sites; (6) haematopoietic neoplasms, without
      leukaemic blood, in 10% of mastomys; and (7) histamine-producing argyrophilic
      carcinoid tumours of the glandular stomach in approximately 60% of old male and
      30% of old female mastomys. Additionally, other neoplasms not infrequently
      encountered in mastomys rarely occur in other rodent species; conversely some
      neoplasms commonly found in other rodents, including especially tumours of the
      lung and mammary gland and leukaemia, are rare or absent in mastomys.

PMID- 1085221
TI  - Lassa virus infection in Mastomys natalensis in Sierra Leone. Gross and
      microscopic findings in infected and uninfected animals.
AB  - Pathological examinations of 28 wild-caught Mastomys natalensis from Sierra
      Leone, 14 of which were positive for Lassa virus by tissue culture, are reported.
      The high frequency of neoplastic and degenerative diseases observed among older
      animals in closed colonies of M. natalensis were not observed in the wild animals
      studied. This is probably a reflection of the age distribution of the study
      population, since the life expectancy of wild Mastomys is less than a year.
      Inflammatory lesions were nonetheless identified, some of which were similar to
      those described in laboratory colonies. Frequent lesions were myocarditis (54%),
      myositis (32%), interstitial pneumonitis (50%), intercapillary glomerulosclerosis
      (36%), and acute nephrosis (14%). Follicular and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia
      were evident in the spleen (74%) and Peyer's patches (64%). Lymphoid cell
      accumulations were prominent in the salivary glands (36%), periportal hepatic
      region (25%), lungs (32%), perivascular regions (36%), and kidney (21%).
      Cytomegalic inclusion body sialoadenitis was common (25%). Coccidiosis was
      evident in the intestinal tract (25%), kidney (25%), and muscle (21%). One
      neoplasm, a parahepatic haemangioma, was observed histologically.Mean body
      weights and lengths for virus-positive animals (33 g and 9.2 cm) and virus
      negative animals (54 g and 12.2 cm) showed that virus-positive animals were
      smaller in weight and shorter in length. Since the age of the animals could not
      be determined, these differences remain unexplained.In comparison with virus
      negative animals, virus-positive Mastomys had higher frequencies of splenic
      follicular hyperplasia (82% against 50%), myocarditis (79% against 29%),
      perivascular lymphoid cell accumulation (57% against 7%), myositis (50% against
      14%), and cytomegalic inclusion body sialoadenitis (36% against 14%). The
      frequency of lymphoid hyperplasia of Peyer's patches was high in both groups of
      animals (71% and 57%).The presence of Lassa virus, small size, myocarditis, and
      lymphoid perivasculitis appeared to be interrelated, but larger and better
      controlled studies are required to elucidate the relationship.

PMID- 1085222
TI  - Problems of rodent control in rural tropical areas.
AB  - Rodent control strategies, techniques, and research needs in rural tropical
      environments are reviewed and discussed with special reference to Mastomys
      natalensis, the possible reservoir of Lassa fever in West Africa.Public health
      rodent problems are far more serious and widespread in rural tropical areas than
      in developed countries. In the latter, only the commensal rodents constitute a
      major problem, whereas in rural tropical areas, native semidomestic species also
      serve as disease reservoirs and sources of infection to man. The success of
      rodent control programmes in developed countries depends in large part on the
      willingness and ability of people and governments to spend relatively large sums
      on research and control, on an acquired intolerance of people to rats and
      disease, and on a substantial economic base. These prerequisites are not usually
      to be found in rural tropical areas. Consequently, the rodent control techniques
      and programme organizations of developed countries are not directly applicable to
      such areas, even though the principles are the same. For this reason, it is
      suggested that a well-funded, integrated research and control programme should be
      undertaken in a known Lassa fever area, stressing public education, personnel
      training, and environmental management as well as rodenticidal approaches.

PMID- 1085223
TI  - Evaluation of demographic parameters of native rodent populations and
      implications for control.
AB  - The ecology of the multimammate mouse ,Mastomys natalensis, is reviewed and
      approximations are derived for the parameters governing population growth. By
      means of computer simulation, the relative importance of the timing of
      reproduction, the age class distribution or age structure of the population, the
      competition between Mastomys and Rattus, and the interaction with a predator are
      evaluated. Although each of these demographic or ecological factors modifies the
      fate of the Mastomys population, the greatest single impact results from a
      reproductive season that is divided into two parts rather than a single
      continuous reproductive season. Division into two parts, correlated with a
      similar distribution of rainfall, allows time for maturing of the young born
      early in the season and for production of young by them, thus adding to the
      momentum of population increase. The interaction of density-dependent factors
      controlling population growth, competition with another rodent, or predation by a
      Viverrid predator, may increase the growth rate of the Mastomys population or may
      depress population growth rate, even to the point of extinction. These simulation
      studies demonstrate the necessity for critical evaluation of the demographic
      parameters and ecological characteristics of a particular Mastomys population
      before an effective control programme can be designed. They also demonstrate,
      however, that if the programme is based upon sound ecological theory control can
      be effected.

PMID- 1085224
TI  - Problems associated with the control of rodents in tropical Africa.
AB  - As elsewhere in the world, rodents are responsible for very considerable economic
      losses in tropical Africa because of their depredations on both growing crops and
      stored food products. Unfortunately, few accurate data are available on the
      extent of these losses but there is evidence that they are considerable. The
      public health importance of rodents, both as reservoirs and vectors of disease in
      tropical Africa, is also great; plague, leptospirosis, murine typhus, and Lassa
      fever are among the diseases associated with rodent hosts. Scientifically based
      rodent control programmes have been carried out in very few areas of Africa and
      there is urgent need for studies and demonstrations on rodent control in both
      urban and rural areas. The problems likely to be encountered are reviewed and
      methods of control proposed.

PMID- 1085225
TI  - Diagnosis of Lassa fever and the isolation and management of patients.
AB  - The clinical spectrum of Lassa fever is described and discussed in terms of the
      possible pathophysiological events involved. Early diagnosis is essential to
      permit prompt isolation of the potentially infectious patient. Lassa fever may be
      suspected on clinical grounds, but specific early diagnosis depends upon
      isolation of the virus. Virus isolation is best accomplished from serum obtained
      during the first 2 weeks of illness. The patterns of viraemia and virus excretion
      described in this paper are useful guidelines for determining the duration of
      patient isolation. Problems encountered in the isolation, management, and
      transport of the patient with Lassa fever are discussed.

PMID- 1085226
TI  - Handling patients with suspected Lassa fever entering Great Britain.
AB  - A special isolation unit has been created at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases,
      London, for the reception of patients arriving in Great Britain from West Africa
      with suspected Lassa fever. The management of such patients and the operation of
      the unit are described. Experience during the first eighteen months of operation
      has been very satisfactory and valuable lessons have been learned concerning the
      diagnosis and treatment of Lassa fever and the nursing of patients.

PMID- 1085227
TI  - Arenavirus chemotherapy--retrospect and prospect.
AB  - Two groups of compounds, identifiable by structural similarity, have been found
      to interfere with the in vitro replication of arenaviruses. All 4 members of the
      benzimidazole group contain dipolar fused benzene and 5-membered nitrogen
      containing rings and share potential chelating ability through the different
      bidentate structures formed with their side-chains. The biological activity of
      one of these compounds, metisazone, has been shown to depend on the presence of
      divalent metals of the first transition series, Cu(++) being the most effective.
      Furthermore, whereas metisazone inactivates cell-free virus, two other members of
      the group, HBB and 1,2-bis(5-methoxy-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1,2-ethanediol, act
      intracellularly. The site of action of the fourth member, SKF 30097, is not
      known. Using murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis infections as an in vivo model,
      the bisbenzimidazole derivative has been found to increase life-span without
      interfering with virus replication. Medication with SKF 30097 or metisazone and
      copper (2(+)) sulfate did not significantly or reproducibly change the expected
      day of death of the animals. The amantadine compounds of the second group have
      unusual symmetric structures with a 10-carbon cage. The parent compound acts
      intracellularly, while the site of action of an octachloro derivative is not
      known. Medication with the parent compound, but not the derivative, shortened the
      interval between LCM infection and death of the mouse. Tissue culture and animal
      screening of the many available derivatives in these two groups may uncover
      compounds more efficacious than those already examined.

PMID- 1085228
TI  - The meaning of persistent infections in nature.
AB  - Viruses that cause persistent infections maintain themselves more effectively in
      nature than those causing acute and limited infections. There is a tendency for
      persistent viruses to evolve towards a state of minimal pathogenicity in the
      host. Vertical transmission, with integration of viral into host genome,
      represents the state of perfect parasitism.

PMID- 1085229
TI  - Directions for future research on the pathogenesis of arenaviral infections.
AB  - The pathogenesis of arenavirus infection is considered separately for the
      haemorrhagic fever (HF) syndrome and for lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus
      infection of rodents. Experimental models of HF have received only limited study,
      mainly because of the virulence of the causal agents. Two useful models (Junin
      virus in guinea-pigs and Machupo virus in rhesus monkeys) are now available and
      an attempt is made to delineate crucial questions for future studies, including
      the physiology of shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, immune mediation
      of disease, efficacy of antibody in treatment, and relative utility of attenuated
      and inactivated vaccines. Immunobiologic problems currently under investigation
      in LCM virus infection include the mechanism of immune destruction of infected
      tissues, the H-2 restriction of in vitro T-cell-mediated lysis of infected target
      cells, the transient immunodepression that accompanies acute primary LCM virus
      infection, and the mechanism of T-cell-mediated clearance of virus from infected
      tissues following adoptive immunization of persistently infected carrier mice.

PMID- 1085231
TI  - Priorities and guidelines for taxonomic and ecological studies of vertebrate
      hosts of the arenaviruses.

PMID- 1085230
TI  - The arenaviruses: some priorities for future research.
AB  - In this paper Lassa virus is used as a model in pinpointing priorities for future
      research on the arenaviruses. Suggestions for specific investigations and public
      health measures cover the detection of Lassa virus infection, the pathology and
      therapy of the disease, and its prevention and control.

PMID- 1085232
TI  - Adipose tissue cellularity in human obesity.
AB  - All human obesity is characterised by adipocyte hypertrophy and when body weight
      exceeds 170 per cent of ideal, a maximum cell size of roughly twice normal is
      achieved. With greater severity, hyperplasia becomes increasingly manifest and
      when body weight exceeds 170 per cent of ideal, the degree of hyperplasia is well
      correlated with severity. Although severity and hypercellularity are often found
      in those with early onset of obesity, individuals can be found who are
      hypercellular but have had a later onset of obesity. Until the details of
      cellular development in man are more fully understood, the precise timing of
      'critical' periods for cellular development must remain speculative.

PMID- 1085233
TI  - Obesity and cardiovascular diseases: the Framingham study.

PMID- 1085234
TI  - Exercise in the treatment of obesity.

PMID- 1085235
TI  - Hidden' IgG antiglobulins in normal human serum.
AB  - Hidden antiglobulins reacting with whole rabbit immunoglobulin were found by
      radioassay or indirect haemagglutination after gel filtration or
      ultracentrifugation of normal serum. Suprisingly, both the IgM and IgG
      antiglobulins were present in the same macroglobulin fractions. The IgG
      antiglobulins could be dissociated into 7S components by separating the serum
      under acid conditions. Antiglobulin activity was a function of the Fab region.

PMID- 1085236
TI  - A double antibody solid phase assay for DNA autoantibodies for clinical use.
AB  - DNA antoantibodies in serum will bind to antigen-coated polystyrene tubes and can
      be detected by radiolabelled anti-immunoglobulin. The method is quantitative,
      gives information on the antibody class and is not readily subject to
      interference by factors such as the size of the DNA, minor contamination of
      double-stranded with single-stranded DNA and the presence of materials which can
      combine "non-specifically" with the antigen. Double-stranded DNA gave good
      discrimination between SLE and rheumatoid arthritis but with single-stranded
      preparations approximately 40% of the RA patients showed elevated antibody
      values. Individual results obtained with the two antigens were compared and
      correlated with the Farr test and ANA titres. Surprisingly, a proportion of the
      SLE sera gave high background binding to  tubes coated with gelatine.

PMID- 1085237
TI  - Acute energy deprivation in man: effect on cell-mediated immunological reactions.
AB  - The effects of 10 days of total energy deprivation on lymphocyte functions and
      cell-mediated immunity was evaluated in fourteen healthy, normal-weighted males.
      Lymphocytes from seven of the subjects were tested in vitro. A significant
      depression was noted of the DNA synthesis after stimulation with pokeweed mitogen
      and PPD while there was no effect on the response to concanavalin A. No change
      was noted in the percentages and total numbers of circulating B and T lymphocytes
      and monocytes. The delayed skin reactivity following intracutaneous PPD and mumps
      antigen was not different from non-starving control subjects.

PMID- 1085238
TI  - Rosette-formation with mouse erythrocytes. II. A marker for human B and non-T
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy control subjects were studied for
      spontaneous rosette-formation with mouse erythrocytes. The mean percentage of
      mouse erythrocyte rosette-forming cells (MRFC) in sixty-three subjects was
      7.4X3.5; after neuraminidase treatment olymphocytes the mean percentage of mouse
      erythrocyte rosette-forming cells(NMRFC) was 17.2X5.6. Thymus cell suspensions
      made only occasional rosettes with mouse erythrocytes. There was no effect of
      neuraminidase treatment of thymocytes on mouse erythrocyte rosette-formation.
      Double labelling experiments with other cell surface markers confirmed this
      binding of mouse erythrocytes to be a B-cell characteristic. Monocytes and
      granulocytes do not bind mouse erythrocytes. It appears that there is a distinct
      receptor for the binding of mouse erythrocytes on the surface of lymphocytes
      carrying surface immunoglobulins; neuraminidase treatment of lymphocytes permits
      this binding to occur also on virtually all the non-T cells B cells plus the
      third population cells).

PMID- 1085239
TI  - In vitro response of bovine thoracic duct lymphocyte to phytohaemagglutinin
      following adult thymectomy.
AB  - The effect of adult thymectomy on the thoracic duct lymphocyte population of
      yearling calves has been investigated. Four to 6 weeks after thymectomy animals
      showed significantly reduced thoracic duct lymphocyte concentrations when
      compared to non-thymectomized controls. In addition, phytohaemagglutinin
      responsiveness of thoracic duct lymphocytes, measured by (3H) thymidine uptake,
      was significantly decreased following adult thymectomy. However, this decreased
      response to PHA was not accompanied by a change in spontaneous isotope
      incorporation. It is concluded that adult thymectomy in the bovine probably leads
      to a reduction in the number of PHA responsive T cells in the thoracic duct
      lymph.

PMID- 1085241
TI  - Editorial: Arthritis and rheumatism.

PMID- 1085240
TI  - Postpartum hemorrhage.

PMID- 1085242
TI  - Stress ulcer: a continuing dilemma.
AB  - The disease is painless and presents as a massive upper GI hemorrhage. Early
      diagnosis and rapid treatment are mandatory for patient survival. A variety of
      nonoperative treatment regimens are available, none demonstrating a clearcut
      superiority. Because the incidence of rebleeding is high, operative intervention
      is frequently required. The appropriate surgical procedure is unclear, although
      most surgeons perfer a generous subtotal gastrectomy with truncal vagotomy.
      Unquestionably, the best treatment is prevention.

PMID- 1085243
TI  - The role of coronary artery bypass surgery in the management of ischemic heart
      disease.

PMID- 1085244
TI  - [Schwannoma of the stomach with massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1085245
TI  - [Role of T-suppressors in stimulating antibody formation at the level of mature
      antibody producers].

PMID- 1085246
TI  - [The current status of tuberculosis in childhood].

PMID- 1085247
TI  - [Clinical results of laser-coagulation in gastro-intestinal bleeding (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Endoscopic laser-coagulation was used 94 times in 14 patients to stop gastro
      intestinal bleeding or coagulate potential bleeding sources during non-bleeding
      intervals. Lasting haemostasis was achieved in three cases of incomplete gastric
      erosion, one of gastric ulcer, one of duodenal ulcer and one of bleeding after
      antral rugectomy. It failed to stop severe arterial bleeding in a case of gastric
      carcinoma. Lasting haemostasis was achieved in six haemangiomas of the colon, one
      case of angiomatosis of the antrum with 62 individual sites, two of
      angiodysplasia of the colon, 17 lesions in Osler's disease of the oesophagus (2
      cases), stomach (10) and duodenum (5). The procedure was performed in the course
      of diagnostic endoscopy with an argonion laser developed by the authors, which
      has a density of 0.7-1.3 W/mm2. No complications have been observed so far.

PMID- 1085248
TI  - [A means of stopping hemorrhages using preparations with a local pathogenetic
      action].

PMID- 1085249
TI  - Inhibitory effect of 5-hydroxytryptophane on the induction of persistent estrus
      by androgen in the rat.
AB  - Effects of monoamines or its precursors on the induction of persistent estrus by
      testosterone propionate (T.P.) were studied in Wistar strain female rats. Daily
      treatment with 5-hydroxytryptophane (5-HTP) for the first 10 days of life delayed
      the occurrence of persistent estrus in rats given T.P. at 4 days of age. The
      onset of persistent estrus occurred in this group of animals at 67.1+/-2.5 days
      of age compared with 45.1+/-1.4 days of age for the saline treated control group.
      The role of hypothalamic monoamines in contributing to the induction of
      persistent estrus by T.P. treatment of neonatal rats is discussed.

PMID- 1085250
TI  - Effect of cortisol on the release and retention of labelled DNA in the thymus and
      spleen of mice.
AB  - The lymphocytolytic effect of different doses of cortisol was studied in the
      thymus and spleen of mice previously injected with 3H-thymidine. The results
      indicate that in thymus the fraction of labelled cells was more resistant to
      cortisol than the unlabelled cell population. The release of DNA into the
      fraction of DNA soluble in 0.14 M NaC1 was delayed suggesting that cortisol
      controls indirectly the lymphocytolytic process. Up to 24 hours after
      administration of cortisol the loss of labelled spleen cells significantly
      exceeded the loss of unlabelled cells. The time course of the release of labelled
      DNA into the fraction of DNA soluble in 0.14 M NaC1 indicates that a fraction of
      labelled DNA was rapidly removed from the spleen after injection of cortisol.

PMID- 1085251
TI  - Experimental coronary artery bypass operation. Myocardial blood flow, ventricular
      performance and regional myocardial function.
AB  - Myocardial blood flow and ventricular function was studied in seven dogs with
      chronic myocardial ischemia before and after coronary bypass grafting. Restoring
      blood flow in an area of 25% of the anterior wall of the left ventricle did not
      significantly improve overall ventricular function. Assessment of intramyocardial
      pressure as an index of regional myocardial function revealed a consistent
      enhancement of myocardial contraction at rest, and under pharmacological stress
      of the heart.

PMID- 1085252
TI  - Effects of adriamycin and daunomycin on spleen cell populations in normal and
      tumor allografted mice.

PMID- 1085253
TI  - Tryptophan hydroxylase in discrete brain nuclei: comparison of activity in vitro
      and in vivo.
AB  - The increase of 5-hydroxytryptophan after treatment with the decarboxylase
      inhibitor Ro 4/4602 was 30 times greater in the raphe nuclei (which contain
      serotonergic cell bodies) than the hippocampus or caudate (which contain
      serotonergic terminals). Pretreatment with chlorimipramine reduced the 5
      hydroxytryptophan accumulation in the median but not dorsal raphe. The large
      amount of tryptophan hydroxylase in cell bodies appears to be active in vivo. The
      serotonin rapidly turning over there may have a functional role.

PMID- 1085254
TI  - Effect of aprotinin, EACA and heparin on growth and vasopeptide system of Murphy
      Sturm lymphosarcoma.
AB  - The effect of aprotinin, EACA and heparin on the growth of the transplanted
      rodent Murphy-Sturm lymphosarcoma and on several components of the tumor kinin
      forming enzyme system was studied. Therapy was administered for 15 days, 3 times
      daily, one day after tumor transplant. Tumor weights and biochemical parameters
      (prekallikrein, kininogen and kininase) were measured on the 8th, 10th, 12th and
      15th day of therapy. Both aprotinin and heparin significantly inhibited (p less
      than 0.01) tumor growth by the 15th day, compared to control, saline-administered
      animals. EACA did not affect the tumor growth rate at any time period. Tumor
      prekallikrein and kininogen levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.01)
      in the aprotinin-treated animals. Kininogen levels were higher in the EACA
      treated tumors during the latter phase of growth. None of the agents affected the
      increase in tumor kininase activity that occured during the growth of the tumors.
      The tumor inhibition and biochemical data suggest the involvement of proteases in
      the neoplastic process.

PMID- 1085255
TI  - The binding of concanavalin A to dissociated embryonic amphibian cells.

PMID- 1085256
TI  - Ruffling and locomotion in Rana pipiens gastrula cells.

PMID- 1085257
TI  - A role for calcium in the migration of retinal screening pigment in the frog.

PMID- 1085258
TI  - Characteristics of B-lymphocyte colony growth in vitro.
AB  - A cloning system in semisolid agar has been developed which supports colony
      formation by mouse B-lymphocytes. Colonies appear to be clones and colony cells
      synthesize immunoglobulin. Approximately one cell in 50 in the spleen or lymph
      nodes is capable of forming a colony and colony-forming cells appear to have the
      properties of B-lymphocytes. Colony formation is dependent on mercaptoethanol but
      the possible additional involvement of a specific B-lymphocyte regulatory factor
      has not been excluded.

PMID- 1085259
TI  - An investigation of the possible relationship between electronic structure and
      antirheumatic activity in the hydroxybenzoic acids.

PMID- 1085260
TI  - Reactivation by glycerol and ethylene glycol of inactivated delta-aminolevulinic
      acid synthetase of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides.
AB  - Reactivation effects by glycerol and ethylene glycol of inactivated ALA
      synthetase of R. spheroids were observed. Accompanying the reactivation of the
      inactivated enzyme, Km value for PLP decreased to levels similar to those of the
      freshly prepared enzyme.

PMID- 1085261
TI  - Latency of taste nerve signals in frog (Rana catesbeiana).
AB  - The latency of frog gustatory neural impulses to 1.0 M NaCl was a mean of 86
      msec. Electrical stimulation of taste cell membranes produced gustatory neural
      impulses with the mean 5 msec latency. It is concluded that most of the 86 msec
      latency of taste nerve responses to 1.0 N NaCl is due to the latency of taste
      receptor potential following the onset of gustatory stimulation.

PMID- 1085262
TI  - Elemental distribution of Na, P, Cl and K in different structures of myelinated
      nerve of Rana esculenta.
AB  - Measurements of the distribution of Na, P, Cl and K were performed in different
      structures of the myelinated nerve. Whereas the axon shows a typical
      intracellular distribution pattern for Na, Cl and K, the interstitial space and
      the myelin sheath show a typical extracellular pattern. These measurements have
      demonstrated that Na is present in the myelin sheath close to the node of
      Ranvier.

PMID- 1085263
TI  - Fluidity of membrane lipids: a single cell analysis of mouse normal lymphocytes
      and malignant lymphoma cells.

PMID- 1085264
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of rheumatic disorders of the nervous system].

PMID- 1085265
TI  - [Reactions of reticular neurons to electric stimulation of somatic nerves,
      stimulation of the vestibular apparatus and combined stimulation].

PMID- 1085266
TI  - The effects of neonatal vestibular stimulation on adult growth and emotional
      reactivity in BALB/c mice.
AB  - Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of neonatal vestibular
      stimulation on the subsequent development and behavior in BALB/c mice. No
      evidence appeared to suggest that neonatal vestibular stimulation alters either
      the growth pattern or the ontogenesis of emotional reactivity.

PMID- 1085267
TI  - Portal hypertension and primary biliary cirrhosis.
AB  - Portal hypertension has been regarded as an uncommon and late complication of
      primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). 24 patients with PBC were investigated for
      portal hypertension. Esophageal varices were present in 20, 50, and 90% of the
      patients 1, 3, and 9 years, respectively, after the onset of pruritus and/or
      jaundice. Portal hypertension was responsible for gastrointestinal bleedings in
      11 patients; bleeding was the first clinical manifestation of PBC in two of them.
      Wedged hepatic venous pressure was increased in all the patients with portal
      hypertension whether regenerative nodules were present or absent. Portacaval
      shunt was performed in five patients and was well tolerated in three of them. It
      is concluded that (a) portal hypertension is common in PBC; (b) the intrahepatic
      block is of the so-called postsinusoidal type, even in patients without
      regenerative nodules; (c) gastro-intestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension
      occurs in about half of the patients and may be the first manifestation of PBC;
      (d) portacaval shunt seems to be indicated when gastro-intestinal bleeding occurs
      in earlier stage of the disease.

PMID- 1085268
TI  - High power argon laser treatment via standard endoscopes. I. A preliminary study
      of efficacy in control of experimental erosive bleeding.
AB  - With minimal transmission loss a high power argon laser (10 w) was coupled to a
      waveguide consisting of a flexible, single, coated, quartz fiber encased in a
      protective polyethylene tube. This waveguide can be passed down the biopsy
      channel of any standard fiberoptic endoscope. An aiming light improves accuracy.
      Safety devices were developed to protect the subject and the operator. Each of 8
      heparinized mongrel dogs had three superficial erosions created endoscopically in
      the fundal gland mucosa by a jet of warm 0.1 N HC1. In each animal two lesions
      were photocoagulated with the laser and the third was left as a control. The
      animals were killed at 0, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days, and the erosions were examined
      histologically. By 14 days all lesions were covered by normal surface epithelium.
      Parietal and chief cells had returned to untreated erosions at 14 days but not to
      all lasered lesions. Only rarely did the lasered lesions penetrate through the
      muscularis mucosae into the submucosa. High power argon laser photocoagulation is
      now feasible through standard endoscopes. These data are sufficiently promising
      to encourage further evaluation of laser photocoagulation in a variety of animal
      models.

PMID- 1085269
TI  - Pathogenesis of bleeding colonic diverticulosis.
AB  - The cause of bleeding was found in 8 of 10 cases of colonic diverticulosis
      associated with severe rectal hemorrhage by using arteriographic and
      microangiographic techniques to localize the site and serial histological
      sections to study the lesion. Strikingly consistent changes were identified.
      These are related to the characteristic angioarchitecture of colonic diverticula.
      These changes include asymmetric rupture of the vas rectum toward the lumen of
      the diverticulum precisely at its dome or antimesenteric margin; conspicuous
      eccentric intimal thickening of the vas rectum, often with medial thinning of
      duplication of the internal elastic lamina at and near the bleeding point; and
      general absence of diverticulitis. Control colonic diverticula demonstrated
      normal structures or, only occasionally, minimal eccentric intimal thickening in
      their associated vasa recta. This suggests that traumatic factors arising within
      the diverticular or colonic lumen induce asymmetric intimal proliferation and
      scarring of the associated vasa recta, predisposing to rupture and massive
      bleeding.

PMID- 1085270
TI  - alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in liver disease: the extent of the problem.
AB  - A prospective screening program was undertaken at the Royal Free Hospital,
      London, to ascertain the incidence of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency in
      patients with liver disease. Quantitative determinations of serum alpha-1
      antitrypsin were performed on 469 patients with hepatobiliary disease and 98
      subjects with no known liver disease. Sera with low values of AAT were
      phenotyped. The homozygous state was rare and comprised only 1% of the patients
      with liver disease. All of the 5 homozygous deficient (ZZ phenotype) patients had
      a history of neonatal liver disease. Other phenotypes (partial deficiency) were
      found in 4.7% of patients with liver disease and 6.1% of subjects with normal
      liver function. Types of liver disease in the patients with other phenotypes were
      widely varied. Routine determination of serum AAT level and phenotype and special
      staining for AAT in liver biopsies in all adults with liver disease appears
      unnecessary. Investigation of possible AAT deficiency should be carried out,
      however, in children and young adults, in those with a history of neonatal liver
      disease, and possibly in all patients with liver disease of unknown aetiology.

PMID- 1085271
TI  - The effect of prolactin on color and skin pteridines in the frog, Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1085272
TI  - Amphibian metamorphosis: the role of thyrotropin-like hormone.

PMID- 1085273
TI  - Effects of hormones on tail regeneration and regression in Rana catesbeiana
      tadpoles.

PMID- 1085274
TI  - Insulin transport across intact frog skin.

PMID- 1085275
TI  - Demonstration of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) activity in hypophyseal
      extracts of various vertebrates by the response of the Sertoli cells of the
      chick.

PMID- 1085276
TI  - Species specificity in the response of an in vitro amphibian (Xenopus laevis)
      ovulation assay to mammalian luteinizing hormones.

PMID- 1085277
TI  - [Profuse hemorrhage during the 3d period of labor].

PMID- 1085278
TI  - [Functions and differentiation of sensitized lymphocytes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085279
TI  - Isolation of membrane associated immunoglobulins from T lymphocytes by non-ionic
      detergents.

PMID- 1085280
TI  - Immunocompetent cells in man. IV. The inhibition of pokeweed mitogen-induced
      blastogenesis of normal human peripheral leukocytes by trypsin: a B-cell mitogen
      of mouse, but not of human, lymphocytes.
AB  - Normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes were tested for their blastogenic
      response in vitro to trypsin. Although it has been shown by other investigators
      that mouse B lymphocytes are stimulated trypsin to undergo blastogenesis, we have
      shown that human lymphocytes are not stimulated by trypsin. Paradoxically,
      trypsin inhibits the response of human lymphocytes to pokeweed mitogen, a B-cell
      stimulat, without significantly affecting the response of these cells to
      phytohemagglutinin, a T-cell stimulant. These results serve to underline the
      functional dissimilarity of mouse spleen cells and human circulating lymphocytes,
      at least with respect to their blastogenic responses to mitogenic agents.

PMID- 1085281
TI  - Heterogeneity of the protein moiety of carcinoembryonic antigens.
AB  - N-terminal amino acid sequences were determined for the protein moiety of
      carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) isolated from three colon cancers that had
      metastasized to the liver. The results showed that the polypeptide portion of CEA
      preparations isolated from different tumors are not identical. Furthermore, each
      CEA preparation appeared to be heterogeneous within itself, since multiple amino
      acid residues were recovered at most of the positions following stepwise cleavage
      of the protein moiety of CEA molecules by automatic Edman degradation.

PMID- 1085282
TI  - Secondary cytotoxic cell response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus II.
      Nature and specificity of effector cells.
AB  - The method described in the previous paper was used to induce secondary responses
      in spleen cells from CBA/H mice, pre-primed with lymphocytic choriomeningitis
      (LCM) virus by culturing them with LCM-infected peritoneal cells. The cytolytic
      effector cells thus generated have been characterized. Effector cells were
      sensitive to treatment with anti-theta ascitic fluid and complement. Separation
      procedures based on rosetting of certain categories of lymphocytes with sheep red
      cells through an Isopaque-Ficoll gradient indicated that effector cells lacked
      surface immunoglobulin and generally did not bear Fc receptors. Cytolytic
      activity was restricted by the H-2 gene complex. Killing had single-hit
      characteristics. All these results suggested that the cells from memory cultures
      mediating cytolysis were T cells. There was evidence for two T cell subsets, a
      major subpopulation directed against antigens on infected targets and a minor one
      directed against antigens on uninfected, H-2-compatible targets. Specificity was
      present at the infected cell:memory responder and killer:target levels between
      LCM virus (an arenavirus) and ectromelia virus (a poxvirus).

PMID- 1085283
TI  - Preferential generation of killer or helper T-lymphocyte activity directed to the
      tumour-associated transplantation antigens.
AB  - Induction of killer and helper T-cell activities towards transplantation antigens
      of two tumour cell lines was analysed in the allogeneic and syngeneic host
      combinations. The lymphoid cells from C57BL/6 mice immunized with allogeneic
      viable or mitomycin C-treated X-5563 plasmacytoma cells derived from C3H/He mice
      revealed both killer and helper T-cell activities against alloantigens, whereas
      cells from mice immunized with tumour cells killed by a freezing and thawing
      procedure revealed predominantly helper T-cell activity. On the other hand, when
      C3H/He mice were immunized with viable syngeneic X-5563 plasmacytoma or MM102
      mammary tumour cells, the former generated preferentially killer T-cell activity,
      whereas the latter induced predominantly helper T-cell activity against tumour
      associated transplantation antigens. Thus, immunization with transplantation
      antigen(s) does not always induce both helper and killer T-cell activities in
      parallel, but a certain antigenic system induces predominantly one type of T-cell
      response, thus indicating that two distinct subsets of helper and killer T cells
      against the transplantation antigen(s) can be raised independently without an
      absolute requirement of collaboration between these different T-cells subsets.

PMID- 1085284
TI  - Helper T-cell kinetics and investigation of antigen receptor expression on early
      and memory T-helper cells.
AB  - The subcutaneous application of soluble antigen resulted in generation of helper
      T lymphocytes in the draining lymph nodes, tested 4 days after priming in the
      adoptive transfer system. Four days later a specific helper T-cell population was
      detected in the spleen. B-cell activity could be demonstrated 4-5 days after
      helper T-cell activity in both organs. We investigated the early helper T-cell
      population and memory T cells with respect to differences in the expression of
      antigen receptors. No such differences could be detected, either by anti
      immunoglobulin-coated Degalan columns or by an antigen-specific rosetting method.

PMID- 1085285
TI  - Synergy between human T and B lymphocytes in their response to phythaemagglutinin
      and pokeweed mitogen.
AB  - Human B- and T-lymphocyte preparations were isolated by separating T lymphocytes
      that formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes from unrosetted B lymphocytes.
      Pokeweed mitogen stimulates the proliferation of both B- and T-lymphocyte
      preparations. In contrast, phytohaemagglutinin stimulates little or no
      proliferation of purified B lymphocytes although it stimulates the proliferation
      of T lymphocytes. Lymphoid preparations containing both T and B lymphocytes are
      more responsive to both mitogens than are either T- or B-lymphocyte preparations.
      This observation suggested synergy between T and B lymphocytes in the response of
      unfractionated lymphocytes to mitogens. The basis for this synergy was shown to
      be the capacity of T lymphocytes to facilitate the proliferation of B lymphocytes
      cultured with pokeweed mitogen or phytohaemagglutinin. The activity of T
      lymphocytes is not dependent upon their proliferation or attributable to their
      release of mitogenic factors. With regard to the clinical evaluation of immune
      function, our results indicate that the proliferative response of human
      lymphocytes to phytohaemagglutinin or pokeweed mitogen cannot be directly related
      to the percentage of T lymphocytes in the lymphoid preparation.

PMID- 1085286
TI  - Some observations on the hormonal control of melanophores in the skin of the
      green frog Rana esculenta L.

PMID- 1085287
TI  - The influence of environmental lighting on the amphibian pars intermedia:
      receptors and possible pathways.

PMID- 1085288
TI  - Interactions of murine leukemia virus (MuLV) with isolated lymphocytes. II.
      Infections of B and T cells with Friend virus complex indiffusion chambers and in
      vitro: effect of polyclonal mitogens.
AB  - The infection of isolated B and T cells by a murine leukemia virus (Friend) MuLV
      F) was studied both in vitro and in vivo with an implanted diffusion chamber
      system. Lymphocytes were obtained from pools of normal spleen cells by filtration
      of the cell suspension through a nylon-wool column. The purity for both Ig
      positive and theta-positive cells varied between 85% and 90% in the B-cell and T
      cell fractions; both lymphocyte fractions responded very well to stimulation with
      their respective specific polyclonal mitogens, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
      and concanavalin A (Con A). Lymphocytes were infected by incubating pelleted
      cells in 2-6 x 10(4) FFU MuLV for 1 h at 4 degrees C and were then cultured for 5
      10 days. Cells releasing infectious MuLV were enumerated as infectious centers
      (IC). IC were really detectable in the cultures of infected B-cells but none were
      found in the T-cell cultures. Addition of LPS to the culture medium increased the
      number of IC in B-cell fractions up to 1,000-fold. Furthermore, in T-cell
      cultures with LPS, IC also appeared in number which approximately correlated with
      the contaminating Ig+ cells of the T-cell fraction. In contrast, Con A had no
      consistent effect on the infection of either B or T cells. In the absence of MuLV
      F, mitogenic stimulation alone did not elicit any endogenous IC. In subsequent
      experiments, purified lymphocytes were infected in diffusion chambers in vivo.
      The number of IC in infected B cells increased 1,000-fold as compared to
      infection in tissue culture. The peak of infection at 10 days was followed by a
      slight decline. Infected cells were also found in diffusion chambers containing T
      cell fractions; these IC had very similar kinetics to those in B-cell-containing
      chambers, but their number was 10 times lower, suggesting that the infected cells
      were B cells, which comprised about 10% of the T-cell fraction. The virus-related
      antigens were detectable by immunofluorescence on the membrane of cells recovered
      from B-cell-bearing chambers but not on cells from T-cell-bearing chambers.

PMID- 1085289
TI  - Inflammatory cells in solid murine neoplasms. II. Cell types found throughout the
      course of Moloney sarcoma regression or progression.
AB  - Regressing and progressing Moloney sarcomas, induced in BALB/c mice by the
      injection of cultured sarcoma cells (MSC)1, were sampled for histologic analysis
      and then disaggregated using mixtures of trypsin, collagenase and DNAse or
      collagenase and DNAse alone. The types of inflammatory cells (IC) found in
      resultant cell suspensions were determined 6, 11, 14 and 18 days post
      inoculation. Inflammatory infiltrates were composed almost exclusively of three
      cell types; neutrophils, T lymphocytes and macrophages. The extent to which each
      was found in tumors was related to the time post inoculation. Neutrophils were
      part of an early acute inflammatory response seen in both developing regressing
      and progressing sarcomas. The onset of regression was associated histologically
      with the appearance within tumors of a mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. T
      lymphocytes and macrophages were the principal constituents. A higher percentage
      of T lymphocytes was recovered at all sampling times from regressing, compared to
      progressing, sarcomas. During development of the mononuclear inflammatory
      infiltrate there were relatively more large T cells in regressing, than in
      progressing tumors, and the percentage of macrophages was higher. Thereafter, the
      proportion of macrophages in the recovered cell population was approximately the
      same for both types of tumor. Such equality was more apparent than real, however,
      since IC were restricted to the peripheries of progressing sarcomas after the
      acute inflammatory phase, but continued to be found throughout regressing
      neoplasms. The effective ratio of macrophages and T lymphocytes to tumor cells
      therefore was much lower in progressing sarcomas than was suggested by percentage
      figures. The data presented support the concept that T lymphocytes are
      instrumental in causing the regression of Moloney sarcomas, possibly through
      interactions with macrophages.

PMID- 1085290
TI  - Transfer amyloidosis.

PMID- 1085291
TI  - Ocular pathology induced by the suckling mouse cataract agent.
AB  - The eye disease caused by SMCA may be best characterized as an endophthalmitis,
      with early retinitis followed by subsequent posterior uveitis. Pathologic
      features of lens included: proliferation and abnormal posterior extension of lens
      epithelium, increased accumulation of lens capsule material, and production of
      aberrant lens substance. Cataractous change appears to be secondary to
      intraocular inflammation. In addition to the above pattern, in roughly 20 per
      cent of all cases, 3 weeks after inoculation, lens capsule is destroyed giving
      rise to a foreign body granulomatous reaction.

PMID- 1085292
TI  - Improved voiding in response to electrical stimulation of the spinal cord of
      paraplegic dogs.
AB  - Bipolar electrodes were inserted into the conus medullaris and attached to the
      proximal urethra of paraplegic dogs. Repeated stimulus trains were delivered to
      the spinal cord electrodes and the urethral electrodes in an attempt to improve
      voiding induced by cord stimulation. The results indicate that the increased
      outflow resistance which often accompanies electromicturition can be
      significantly overcome both by repeated spinal cord stimulation and by
      prestimulation of the proximal urethra.

PMID- 1085293
TI  - [Chewing pads, a variant of knuckle pads].
AB  - Three young male patients with chewing pads are reported. Their tic-like habit of
      chewing on the dorsal aspects over the middle joints of fingers I-IV caused a pad
      like thickening of soft tissue. These chewing pads are a variant of "false"
      knuckle pads. The importance of a medical history and dermatological inspection
      is stressed to avoid unnecessary diagnostic procedures. This harmless
      augmentation of soft tissue is commonly confused with rheumatoid disease of the
      fingers, sarcoidosis or pachydermoperiostosis. Patients should be informed of the
      true nature of their pads, as discontinuation of their chewing habit will resolve
      their problems.

PMID- 1085294
TI  - [Voltaren (Diclofenac)].

PMID- 1085295
TI  - [Socio-medical significance of the spinal syndrome and soft tissue rheumatism].

PMID- 1085296
TI  - Millisecond fading and recovery phenomena in fluorescent biological objects.
AB  - Cytofluorometric signals derived from some frequently used fluorophores were
      studied during illumination times in the millisecond range. These rapid signals
      were recorded on a storage oscilloscope. The objects studied included (1)
      Berberine sulphate stained mast cell heparin, (2) Acriflavine-Feulgen stained
      DNA, (3) Acridine orange stained mast cell heparin, (4) Acridine orange stained
      DNA and (5) Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated IgG in an antinuclear factor
      test. A new rapid fading phenomenon, appearing as an initial peak upon the
      familiar slowly declining fluorescence signal, is reported. This fading, which
      had a duration of about 10 ms, also showed a very rapid recovery. The influence
      of this phenomenon on fluorometric measurement techniques is discussed. The
      millisecond fading phenomenon occurred in all the fluorophores studied except
      Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated IgG. In the case of acridine orange the
      phenomenon was present when the dye was bound to nuclear DNA but absent when the
      dye was bound to mast cell heparin. This suggests that the millisecond fading and
      recovery phenomenon may be used in fluorescent microprobe studies.

PMID- 1085297
TI  - Histochemical characterization of the monoamine-containing cells of the
      adenohypophysis in the Chinese quail.
AB  - The demonstration of biogenic amine-containing cell is classically performed by
      means of the formaldehyde-induced fluorescence technique after administration of
      the monoamine precursors, L-dopa or 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP. The injection of
      these two two compounds rapidly leads to the formation of large amounts. The
      biochemical pathway evoked above   is studied in the avian adenohypophysis by two
      different methods involving enzyme...

PMID- 1085298
TI  - Electrophysiological evidence for a topographical projection of the nasal mucosa
      onto the olfactory bulb of the frog.
AB  - Three olfactory nerve branches respectively subserving either a medial, an
      intermediate, or a lateral region of the dorsal olfactory receptor sheet of the
      bullfrog Rana catesbeiana were electrically stimulated with bipolar platinum hook
      electrodes. Extracellular single unit responses from 93 second-order cells in
      different regions of the olfactory bulb were recorded with metal-filled glass
      micropipets. The excitatory responsiveness of each unit to the stimulation of
      each of the three nerve branches (response profile) was determined. Some units
      were sensitive to stimulation of each of the three nerve branches, thus
      suggesting a wide projection from the entire receptor sheet. On the other hand,
      other units were more selective. Of this latter group, units in the lateral bulb
      were excited by nerve branches subserving the more lateral regions of the
      receptor sheet; units in the medial bulb were excited by the nerve branches
      subserving the more medial regions of the receptor sheet. These data provide
      electrophysiological evidence for a topographical projection of the olfactory
      receptor sheet onto the olfactory bulb, and further suggest that the projections
      onto different bulbar cells vary in degree of localization.

PMID- 1085300
TI  - Age and activity effects on rate of bone mineral loss.
AB  - It has been postulated that the rate of mineral loss in postmenopausal women
      remains constant with aging and that the decreased activities of daily living
      associated with aging contribute to mineral loss. These hypothese were examined
      by measuring the bone mineral content at the midshaft of the radius with the
      photon absorption technique. The estimated rate of loss was calculated in a cross
      sectional study as the regression coefficient of bone mineral content vs. age and
      in a longitudinal study as the regression coefficient of bone mineral content vs.
      time. In the cross-sectional study, Group A, which consisted of 264 women aged 50
      72 yr, had an estimated rate of loss of -0.0114 +/- 0.0014 (SE) g/cm per yr.
      Group B, which consisted of 266 women aged 73-96 yr, had an estimated rate of
      loss of -0.0055 +/- 0.0017 g/cm per yr. In the longitudinal study, Group C
      consisted of 33 women aged 51-65 yr who were followed for an average of 4.5 yr
      with a mean number of 16 visits per subject; they were found to have a mean rate
      of loss of -0.00990 +/- 0.00107 g/cm per yr. Group D consisted of 38 women aged
      70-91 yr who were followed for an average of 3.8 yr with a mean number of 31
      visits per subjects; they were found to have a mean rate of loss of -0.00020 +/-
      0.00236 g/cm per yr. The estimated and directly measured rates of loss were more
      rapid in the younger groups than in the older groups (A vs. B, P less than 0.001;
      C vs. D, P less than 0.001). These data demonstrate that the mean rate of mineral
      loss is not constant with aging and that in elderly subjects it is significantly
      slower than that of the earlier postmenopausal years. Since the elderly women
      were the less active, these findings suggest that factors other than decreased
      physical activity are more important in determining the rates of mineral loss.

PMID- 1085299
TI  - Biological properties of a Haemophilus influenzae restriction enzyme, Hind I.
AB  - A type I restriction enzyme from Haemophilus influenzae, Hind I, which requires
      adenosine 5' -triphosphate and 5-adenosyl methionine, was studied for its
      activity on transfecting and transforming deoxyribonculeic acid (DNA). The enzyme
      reduced the size of unmodified bacteriophage S2 DNA from 37 X 10(6) daltons to
      approximately 10 X 10(6) daltons, but did not affect modified S2 DNA. Unmodified
      transforming DNA was attacked in vitro by Hind I; however, relatively low levels
      of inactivation were obtained for single markers, and linked transformants were
      inactivated as a function of the distance between markers. In contrast,
      unmodified bacterial DNA was not inactivated in vivo for either single or linked
      markers by the Hind I restriction system, probably because the segments generated
      by Hind I were still capable of being integrated in vivo. The lack of
      preferential inactivation of markers by the enzyme suggests that it makes random
      breaks in the DNA.

PMID- 1085301
TI  - Use of a problem-oriented dental record in undergraduate dental education.
AB  - This paper describes how the concepts and methods of problem-orientation have
      been applied in the clinical education of dental students. It makes the point
      that the problem-oriented dental record is only one part of a complete system
      which has five interrelated components. The problem-oriented dental record is
      discussed in detail, and the paper includes examples of all four sections of the
      record. All sections of the record are interrelated, and the steps in identifying
      and resolving problems follow a logical sequence: (1) collect the data base, (2)
      write the cue list, (3) write the problem list, (4) write the initial plan, (5)
      write the final plan, and (6) record progress. The problem-oriented dental record
      is seen as a tool for patient care, audit, and education. The main advantage lies
      in the way information is organized and recorded. The record is highly
      communicative and permits everyone involved an opportunity to relate the data
      collected to the problem list and to the decisions made regarding how problems
      will be resolved. The record and the systems were borrowed from Weed and are
      being adapted for use in dentistry. Although still in the trial stages, this
      system has proven to have many more advantages than other record-keeping systems
      and is invaluable as a tool for education. In the future we plan to use computers
      to help store and retrieve data from these records. We anticipate that a dental
      education built on this record will have a lasting impact on the graduates'
      approach to patient care. This should result in a graduate who is conversant with
      medical colleagues and systematic in the collection of data, listing of problems,
      and resolution of patient problems. Finally, we believe that the problem-oriented
      dental record is also a good tool to help the dental graduate become more
      empathetic with patients and more aware of their total health needs. The record
      provides a mechanism for recording physical and emotional information as well as
      the oral status.

PMID- 1085302
TI  - The relation of vitamin A to Bitot spots. (A case report).

PMID- 1085303
TI  - Treatment of arthrosis deformans by simultaneous application of interferential
      current and ultrasonic waves.

PMID- 1085304
TI  - Ultrasonic production of reversible changes in the electrical parameters of
      isolated frog skin.

PMID- 1085305
TI  - Personal proctologic procedures.

PMID- 1085306
TI  - [Pathogenic action and sero-immunologic phenomena of Trichomonas vaginalis].
AB  - Trichomonas vaginalis is a frequent parasite of the urogenital system of the
      human been. The pathological manifestations are different with each strain. These
      variations of the pathogenic action of the parasite are found in the study of the
      experimental pathogenic action of the animal and in vitro on cell culture. The
      sero-immunological phenomens which lead to the presence of the parasite are not
      completely known. Some technics was proposed for the diagnosis. Their practical
      utilisation is not completely related to the heterogenicity of the antigenic
      structure of the different strains of Trichomonas vaginalis.

PMID- 1085307
TI  - [Consumption coagulopathies and severe postpartum hemorrhage].
AB  - 15 patients were referred to the Intensive Care Unit immediately after delivery
      for severe post-partum haemorrhage. In 7 cases complications followed
      retroplacental haemotoma formation and in the other 8 cases they were due to
      secondary haemorrhages from the placental site and/or from tears of the cervix or
      vagina. It is a clinical picture that is associated with a state of shock, with
      continuing massive bleeding associated with failure of the blood to clot and
      which persists and becomes worse with the transfusion of stored blood and of the
      coagulation factors. In all these cases severe coagulation pathology due to
      consumption defects is revealed. We must point out that tears of the cervix and
      vagina which have been neglected and failure to compensate for the original blood
      loss are among the aetiological factors. Treatment with Heparin giving a dose of
      1 to 3 mg per kg of body weight per 24 hours and controlled by a strict
      biological check together with symptomatic resuscitation from the state of shock
      and from the coagulation factors is successful (9 cases) if it is undertaken
      early on. A fatal outcome, whether it is due to a persistent state of shock (1
      case) or to visceral complications of diffuse intravascular coagulation
      (C.I.V.D.) (5 cases) can be found where treatment is delayed and when
      insufficient blood is replaced and when antifibrinolytics are prescribed. A
      preventive therapeutic plan as well as a curative one can be drawn up for these
      cases of obstetrical drama.

PMID- 1085308
TI  - Cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity uncovered in the cell transfer of classical
      tuberculin hypersensitivity.
AB  - Cellular transfer of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) was studied.
      Guinea pigs immunized for CBH with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) provided
      cells which could transfer delayed and basophil-rich reactions in skin tests of
      recipients. Guinea pigs immunized with complete classical tuberculin-type delayed
      hypersensitivity reactions (DH), which are characteristically devoid of
      basophils. However, recipients of cells from donors with DH, surprisingly, were
      found to have delayed skin reactions containing large basophil infiltrates which
      were lacking in the donors. Thus, recipients of classical cell transfers of
      tuberculin-type DH had delayed reactions which resembled CBH. Control experiments
      verified that the cell transfer of CBH from donors with DH was due to passive
      transfer with live cells and not transfer of contaminating humoral factors or
      active sensitization of recipients. It was concluded that cutaneous basophil
      responses were suppressed in CFA-immunized donors and expressed in cell transfer
      recipients. Cells from donors immunized with CFA were enriched for nonadherent
      and nonimmunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes by passage through nylon wool columns,
      and these cells transferred conjugate specific CBH reactions. It was concluded
      that cells mediating these transfers were probably T cells. The finding of
      basophils in cell transfers of DH and a variety of other findings suggesting
      complex regulation of basophil numbers in tissue lead to the conclusion that the
      term CBH be used to simply describe a basophil-containing skin reaction.

PMID- 1085309
TI  - Thymic function in NZB mice. II. Regulatory influence of a circulating thymic
      factor on antibody production against polyvinylpyrrolidone in NZB mice.
AB  - Administration of a circulating thymic factor isolated from normal pig blood
      prevented the development of the exaggerated production of anti-polyvinyl
      pyrrolidone (PVP) antibody in young NZB mice. However, treatment was ineffective
      if initiated after the 4th week of life at a time when endogenous serum thymic
      factor (TF) normally disappears in these mice. These data suggest that
      circulating TF is necessary for the survival of short-lived suppressor T cells
      normally implicated in the regulation of the production of antibodies against
      PVP, a thymus-independent antigen. In older NZB mice, TF treatment increased
      paradoxically anti-PVP antibody production, which suggests that "amplifier" T
      cell activity could also be under TF influence.

PMID- 1085310
TI  - Influence of H-2 on the ontogenesis of a spleen cell population which lacks C3
      receptors and Thy-1 antigen.
AB  - During ontogeny there are marked differences in the cellularity of the spleen of
      mice from different inbred strains. Data from segregation analysis demonstrate
      that one of the genes involved in the control of the size of the spleen at 15
      days lies in the H-2 region. In contrast to previous reports, we find that the
      cell population under H-2 influence lacks complement receptors.

PMID- 1085311
TI  - Tolerance and contact sensitivity to DNFB in mice. VI. Inhibition of afferent
      sensitivity by suppressor T cells in adoptive tolerance.
AB  - Tolerance in contact sensitivity to DNFB can be adoptively transferred to normal
      mice with lymph node cells from tolerant donors. This tolerance is antigen
      specific and is mediated by T cells, i.e., "suppressor" T cells. Experiments were
      carried out to investigate the mechanism(s) by which the suppressor T cells
      induce tolerance to DNFB contact sensitivity. The suppressor cells were effective
      only if they were present during the early stages of the afferent limb of
      sensitization. As measured by DNA synthesis, cell proliferation in the draining
      lymph nodes of recipients of suppressor cells was found to be significantly less
      than in control animals indicating that the suppressor cells acted, at least in
      part, by limiting or inhibiting DNFB-induced cell proliferation. This inhibition
      was shown to be antigen specific since the DNFB suppressor cells did not inhibit
      cell proliferation induced by oxazolone, an unrelated contact sensitizer. The
      ability to DNFB tolerant cells to block  afferent sensitization pathways differs
      from the mechanism of tolerance to picryl chloride, reported by others, where
      efferent pathways are blocked.

PMID- 1085312
TI  - Immune response of mice to the Thy-1.1 antigen: intra-H-2 mapping of the
      complementary Ir-Thy-1 loci.
AB  - The primary immune response to the Thy-1.1 antigen was measured by a plaque assay
      that detected cells producing antibodies lytic for AKR thymocytes. F1 hybrids
      which were b/d heterozygous at the entire H-2 complex or at only some of its
      regions were studied. All F1 hybrids which were b/d heterozygotes at the K, IA
      and possibly IB regions displayed a complementary effect of the alleles at the Ir
      Thy-1A and Ir-Thy-1B loci. The complementary effect was indicated by the
      significantly higher responses of the F1 hybrids than the responses of their
      parental strains. No complementary effect could be demonstrated in F1 hybrids
      which were b/d heterozygous at the IB, IC, S and D regions, but not at the K and
      IA regions. The results excluded participation of the IC, S and D regions in the
      phenomenon of the complementation. Furthermore, one of the Ir-Thy-1 loci could be
      mapped to the left of the IB subregion, most likely in the IA subregion of the H
      2 complex. The second Ir-Thy-1 locus could be mapped to the left of the IC
      subregion in either the IA or IB subregion.

PMID- 1085313
TI  - An appraisal of Fc receptors on human peripheral blood B and L lymphocytes.
AB  - Human circulating lymphocytes with easily detectable surface immunoglobulin have
      been divided into two populations, B cells and L cells. This second population
      lacks membrane-incorporated Ig, but has a receptor for membrane-labile cytophilic
      IgG. In this study purified B and L lymphocytes were examined for Fc receptors
      that bind aggregated IgG and IgG complexed to erythrocytes. Purified lymphocyte
      populations were prepared by nylon columns and by negative selection with
      rosetting techniques. L lymphocytes bound aggregated guinea pig and human IgG,
      and formed rosettes with human erythrocytes sensitized with Ripley IgG (EA).
      Treatment of L lymphocytes with trypsin had no effect on the receptors for IgG. B
      lymphocytes did not bind EA and attachment of aggregated IgG was variable; up to
      one-third of these cells fixed aggregated human IgG to the cell membrane. Trypsin
      treatment abolished binding of Agg-IgG to B cells in sharp contrast to its effect
      on L cells. Furthermore, double-label immunofluorescence studies showed that
      cells with both membrane-incorporated Ig and receptors for aggregated guinea pig
      IgG were rare. These studies indicate that human peripheral blood B lymphocytes
      lack a high affinity, trypsin-resistant Fc receptor that is present on L
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1085314
TI  - Replication of dengue-2 virus in cultured human lymphoblastoid cells and
      subpopulations of human peripheral leukocytes.
AB  - We studied the susceptibility of four human lymphoblastoid cell lines (HCL) and
      of subpopulations of circulating peripheral human leukocytes to dengue-2 virus
      infection. HCL with B cell characteristics (Raji, Wil 2WT, 8866), B-type
      peripheral lymphocytes, and macrophages were productively infected by dengue-2
      virus. In contrast, an HCL with T cell characteristics (MOLT-4), T type
      peripheral lymphocytes, and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells did not become infected
      and replicate dengue-2 virus. PMN cells did not adsorb dengue-2 virus, suggesting
      lack of viral receptors. However, T-type cultured lymphoblasts and T-type
      peripheral lymphocytes adsorbed dengue-2 virus, suggesting that the block in
      viral replication involves some stage of infection occurring after adsorption.
      Permissiveness of B-type HCL to dengue-2 virus infection was dependent on the
      virus seed used but the virus titers obtained among the susceptible HCL varied.
      HCL infected persistently with dengue-2 virus have been established. Human
      peripheral lymphocytes inoculated after cultivation for 3 days in complete medium
      alone or complete medium supplemented with mitogens replicated dengue-2 virus. In
      contrast, unstimulated peripheral lymphocytes inoculated immediately after
      isolation adsorbed dengue-2 but did not support its replication. Mitogen-treated
      and untreated macrophages replicated dengue-2 virus equally well. The efficiency
      of dengue-2 virus replication by macrophages was higher than that of peripheral
      lymphocytes but lower than that of HCL.

PMID- 1085315
TI  - Site of action of a soluble immune response suppressor (SIRS) produced by
      concanavalin A-activated spleen cells.
AB  - The cellular site of action of SIRS, a soluble immune response suppressor
      released by Con A-activated spleen cells which suppresses antibody responses to
      heterologous erythrocytes by murine spleen cells in vitro, was investigated.
      Exposure of spleen cells to SIRS for 2 hr at 37 degrees C or 1 hr at 4 degrees C
      was sufficient to suppress 5-day antibody responses in vitro. Similar exposure of
      splenic or peritoneal exudate macrophages to SIRS also suppressed antibody
      responses by untreated splenic lymphoid cells; exposure of splenic lymphoid cells
      to SIRS was without effect. SIRS did not act via T cells which might have
      contaminated the macrophage preparations. SIRS-mediated suppression could be
      partially overcome by an excess of normal peritoneal exudate macrophages, but not
      by an excess of T or B cells. These data indicate that the target cell of SIRS
      activity is the macrophage. The results are discussed in the context of
      macrophage functions that could be affected by SIRS.

PMID- 1085316
TI  - At issue: journalistic integrity. Does advertising buy bias?

PMID- 1085317
TI  - Artificial insemination and the law.

PMID- 1085318
TI  - One man's entanglement in the malpractice mess.

PMID- 1085319
TI  - The physician-patient contract: legal and ethical aspects.

PMID- 1085320
TI  - Editorial: On the independence of expert witnesses.

PMID- 1085321
TI  - Editorial: Money and medical ethics.

PMID- 1085322
TI  - Letter: Paternity probability.

PMID- 1085323
TI  - Should the physician plant flower bonds in his estate?

PMID- 1085324
TI  - T-cell regulation of antibody responses: demonstration of allotype-specific
      helper T cells and their specific removal by suppressor T cells.
AB  - Allotype suppressor T cells (Ts) generated in SJL X BALB/c mice specifically
      suppress production of antibodies marked with the Ig-1a allotype. The studies
      presented here show that allotypes Ts suppress by specifically removing helper T
      cell (Th) activity required to facilitate differentiation and expansion of B
      cells to Ig-1b antibody-forming cells. We show first that Ts and Th belong to
      different T-cell subclasses as defined by Ly surface antigens. Ts are Ly2+Lyl-
      and thus belong to the same subclass as cytotoxic precursor and effector cells;
      Th are Lyl+Ly2- cells and thus belong to the subclass containing cells which can
      exert helper functions and initiate delayed hypersensitivity reactions. Placing
      these cells in these two subclasses shows that Th are different from Ts and
      suggests that they play different roles in regulating antibody responses. The
      difference in these roles is defined by the evidence presented here showing that
      Ts attack Th and regulate the antibody response by specifically regulating the
      availability of Th activity. We show that in allotype suppressed mice, Ts which
      suppress Ig-1b antibody production have completely removed the Th activity of
      helping Ig-1b cells without impairing Th activity which helps other IgB B cells.
      These findings imply the existence of allotype-specific Th for Ig-1b cells (Ig-1b
      Th). We directly establish that Ig-1b cells require such help by showing that
      carrier-primed spleen cells from Iga/Iga congenic hybrids help Ig-1a B cells from
      hapten-primed Igb/Iga donors but do not help Ig-1b B cells from the same donor in
      the same adoptive recipient.

PMID- 1085325
TI  - Two stages of B-cell memory development with different T-cell requirements.
AB  - We present evidence here for two stages in B-memory cell development, the first
      of which is T independent and the second T dependent. For these studies, we use a
      new type of T-deficient mouse (allotype suppressed) which specifically lacks T
      helper activity (Th) for a subset of memory B cells responsible for approximately
      10% of the overall IgG antibody response. We have shown elsewhere that these mice
      (SJL X BALB/c hybrids suppressed for Ig-1b) lack Th capable of helping Ig-1b
      memory cells, although they have normal Th activity for all other IgG memory B
      cells. This selective Th deficiency allows study of the effects of T depletion on
      memory development and avidity maturation of one population of B cells under
      conditions where the bulk of the immune response in the animal is proceeding
      normally, thus obviating environmental problems due to secondary effects of T
      depletion. With this sytem, we show that after a single priming dose of 2,4
      dinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin, the memory B-cell pool in suppressed and
      nonsuppressed donors is indistinguishable with respect to magnitude and avidity
      of the response for all IgG antibodies produced, including Ig-1b antibody,
      despite the fact that expression of Ig-1b memory cells is prevented in intact Ig
      1b-suppressed mice by the absence of Th capbale of cooperating with these memory
      cells. We have shown elsewhere that virtually all of the Ig-1b memory is carried
      by Ig-1b bearing cells. In contrast with the lack of suppressor T-cell effect on
      initial Ig-1b memory cell development, our data show that continued Ig-1b memory
      development is selectively impaired in suppressed mice. When primed mice are
      boosted repeatedly with the priming antigen, the average avidity of most of the
      IgG memory cells increases over 100-fold while there is no avidity increase in
      the Ig-1b component. To explain these data, we suggest that the development of
      high avidity memory occurs in two stages. The first stage, which occurs as a
      result of primary antigenic exposure, is the creation of a pool of IgG-bearing
      memory cells with a relatively low average avidity for the antigen. The
      appearance of these first stage memory cells does not require help from (post
      thymic) Th, although Th are required for the expression of these memory cells
      (antibody production). The second stage of B-memory development requires both
      further antigenic stimulation and B-memory cell interaction with competent Th.
      This is a continuing process in which the number of memory cells in the pool
      remains relatively constant but the average avidity of these cells increases with
      continued antigenic exposure.

PMID- 1085326
TI  - Murine B-cell subpopulations responsive to T-dependent and T-independent
      antigens.
AB  - Strain A/J mice made secondary indirect plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses to
      azobenzenearsonate (ABA) conjugates of giant keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), a
      thymic-dependent antigen, but not to conjugates of Ficoll, a T-independent
      antigen. ABA-Ficoll was also unable to elicit a response in animals primed with
      ABA-KLH, which have an expanded anti-ABA memory cell pool. On the other hand, ABA
      Ficoll rendered mice unresponsive to ABA-KLH when administered before priming or
      boosting with the T-dependent immunogen. Hence, the T-independent antigen was
      able to tolerize but unable to trigger B-memory cells responsive to the T
      dependent antigen. A/J mice immunized with dinitrophenyl conjugates of Ficoll or
      bovine IgG (BGG) made vigorous IgM and IgG PFC responses. PFC responses to ABA
      KLH and 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP)-BGG were abrogated by depleting mice of C3 with
      cobra venom factor, whereas the IgM and IgG PFC responses to DNP-Ficoll were
      unaffected. B lymphocytes were fractionated on the basis of receptors for C3 and
      the subpopulations were assayed for in vitro PFC responses to DNP-Ficoll. Very
      little response was obtained from complement receptor lymphocyte [CRL(+)] B
      cells, whereas CRL(-) cells were more responsive than unfractionated B cells.
      Both populations responded to a polyclonal B-cell mitogen (lipopolysaccharide).
      On the other hand, the in vitro PFC response to a T-dependent antigen (sheep
      erythrocytes) correlated with the presence of CRL(+) B cells in the cultures.
      However, a minor component of this response, sensitive to anti-Thy-1 serum, was
      made by CRL(-) B cells, indicating the existence of subpopulations of T-dependent
      B cells with different signalling requirements. The results suggest that most B
      cells responsive to T-dependent antigens possess receptors for C3 and that C3
      plays an obligatory role in the response of these cells. A distinct subpopulation
      of B cells which lack C3 receptors respond to T-independent antigens. The
      precursors of PFC for the ABA epitope reside largely or exclusively in the CRL(+)
      compartment in A/J mice, whereas precursors for the DNP determinant are found in
      both compartments.

PMID- 1085327
TI  - Heterogeneity of murine regulatory T cells. I. Subpopulations of amplifier and
      suppressor T cells.
AB  - Immunization of C3H/HeJ mice with 4 X 10(9) SRBC yields a whole splenic T-cell
      population which can, upon transfer, specifically suppress recipient direct and
      indirect plaque-forming cells (PFC) responses to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC).
      Discontinuous bovine serum albumin density gradient fractionation of these T
      cells demonstrated a population of low density T cells which augmented and a
      population of high density T cells which suppressed recipient responses
      irrespective of the number of T cells transferred. Moreover, infusion of
      admixtures of low and high density cells resulted in intermediate regulatory
      functions which could be predicted by knowing the regulatory capacity of each
      population alone. In addition to heterogeneity existing among regulatory T cells
      as regards amplification and suppression, it appeared that heterogeneity existed
      within the suppressor T population. Thus, T cells capable of inhibiting direct
      PFC could be distinguished from those suppressing indirect PFC by their
      differential localization in peripheral lymphoid tissue, differences in the
      dissipation of suppressive influences during incubation at 37 degrees C, and by
      differences in the possible requirement for adherent cell populations. While the
      relative frequency of both low density amplifier and high density suppressor
      cells increased with the dose of SRBC used for their induction, it appeared that
      suppressor cells might be generated in response to feedback signals from
      amplifier cells. These studies indicate that further delineation of heterogeneity
      existing within suppressor populations may be helpful in defining mechanisms
      required for the induction and manifestation of suppressive regulatory forces.

PMID- 1085328
TI  - Expression of Ia antigens on hapten-specific B cells. I. Delineation of B-cell
      subpopulations.
AB  - The nonimmune adult spleen contains at least two B-cell subpopulations. The
      majority of primary B cells express cell surface Ia determinants and have the
      capacity to give rise to IgG antibody-producing clones after T-cell dependent
      antigenic stimulation. There is also a small subpopulation of primary B cells
      which are, by definition, Ia negative, since their activity is not eliminated by
      negative selection with anti-Ia serum and complement. The Ia-negative B cells
      give rise to clones that produce only IgM antibody. These B-cell subsets may form
      a continuum in B-cell maturation, or they may exist as discrete B-cell lineages.
      Since the cellular expression of Ia antigens appears to correlate with the
      ability of the B cell to generate IgG-producing clones, it is speculated that Ia
      molecules may have a role in the IgM to IgG B-cell switch mechanism.

PMID- 1085329
TI  - T-Lymphocyte precursors. I. Synergy between precursor and mature T lymphocytes in
      the response to concanavalin A.
AB  - When mouse bone marrow cells are mixed with cortisol-resistant thymocytes and
      stimulated in vitro with concanavalin A, the mitogenic response observed is much
      greater than additive, that is, it is synergistic. Between 94 and 96% of
      responding cells could be identified as T cells (Thy-1 positive) and of these, 79
      100% derived from the cortisol-resistant thymocyte population, not from the bone
      marrow. Purified macrophages could not replace bone marrow; and marrow depleted
      of mature T or B cells worked as well as normal marrow. Thus, T and B cells and
      macrophages were ruled out as the synergizing cell of bone marrow. Nude spleen
      contained 10 times as many precursors of T cells as did nude marrow and was 10
      times better at synergy with cortisol-resistant thymocytes. This implication of
      the pre-T cell as synergizer was supported by the finding that the synergistic
      activity of marrow was lost on preincubation, but maintained if the preincubation
      medium contained thymosin or cyclic AMP. Thus, the ability to enhance the
      response of relatively mature T cells to Con A is a property of pre-T cells. It
      is anticipated that this property will allow more detailed studies of T-cell
      precursor development in mice, and possibly in man.

PMID- 1085330
TI  - T-cell-deficient mice produce more antihapten antibodies against syngeneic than
      against allogeneic erythrocyte conjugates.
AB  - T-cell-deficient mice, either anti-thymocyte serum treated or nude mice, were
      immunized with hapten (4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrophenyl acetic acid, NNP) conjugates
      of syngeneic, allogeneic, or xenogeneic erythrocytes. Immunization with syngeneic
      conjugates led to a stronger anti-NNP response than immunization with allogeneic
      or xenogeneic conjugates. A study of congenic mouse strains suggested that a
      prerequisite for this effect was that immunogenic erythrocytes and responding
      animals shared H-2-controlled characteristics. F1 hybrid erythrocyte conjugates
      injected into F1 hybrid mice behaved like other syngeneic erythrocytes. The same
      erythrocyte conjugates injected into either parental strain induced a weak
      response indistinguishable from the response to allogeneic erythrocyte
      conjugates. Parental erythrocyte conjugates injected into F1 mice induced an anti
      NNP response that was significantly lower than the response to F1 erythrocyte
      conjugates but significantly higher than the response to allogeneic conjugates.
      The response of normal mice to syngeneic erythrocytes was weaker than the
      response of T-cell-deficient mice, which could have been caused by suppressor T
      cells. Their response to allogeneic conjugates was higher than the response of T
      cell-deficient mice and the response to xenogeneic conjugates higher still. This
      was probably due to allo- or xenoreactive helper cells.

PMID- 1085331
TI  - H-2 compatibility requirement for virus-specific T-cell-mediated cytolysis.
      Evaluation of the role of H-2I region and non-H-2 genes in regulating immune
      response.
AB  - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and ectromelia virus-specific T-cell
      mediated cytotoxicity was assayed in various strain combinations using as targets
      peritoneal macrophages which have been shown to express Ia antigens. Virus
      specific cytotoxicity was found only in H-2K- or D-region compatible
      combinations. I-region compatibility was not necessary nor alone sufficient for
      lysis. Six different I-region specificities had no obvious effect on the capacity
      to generate in vivo specific cytotoxicity (expressed in vitro) associated with
      Dd. Low LCMV-specific cytotoxic activity generated in DBA/2 mice was caused by
      the non-H-2 genetic background. This trait was inversely related to the
      infectious virus dose and recessive. Non-H-2 genes, possibly involved in
      controlling initial spread and multiplication of virus, seem to be, at least in
      the examples tested, more important in determining virus-specific cytotoxic T
      cell activity in spleens than are Ir genes coded in H-2.

PMID- 1085332
TI  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase is found in prothymocytes.
AB  - Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase is an enzyme which has the unique property
      of polymerizing polydeoxynucleotides onto a primer in the absence of a template
      (1,2). This enzyme is found both in the thymus and the bone marrow of birds,
      rodents, and humans (3-7). Whether the marrow cells that contain terminal
      transferase are related to thymocytes, or are on a separate pathway of
      differentiation, is not yet known (7,8). To determine the lineage of the murine
      bone marrow cells that have terminal transferase, we have investigated whether
      these cells have the antigen Thy-1 induced on the cells by treatment with
      thymopoietin (9). Thymopoietin is known to induce a set of characteristic T-cell
      markers including the Thy-1 alloantigen on the surface of a subpopulation of bone
      marrow cells committed to T-cell differentiation (prothymocytes) (10).
      Destruction of Thy- 1-positive cells after exposure to thymopoietin allows
      elimination of a substantial fraction of those bone marrow cells that can
      repopulate an irradiated thymus (11). We find that such an elimination after
      induction with the thymic polypeptide removes a substantial amount of terminal
      transferase from the bone marrow cell population, suggesting that at least one
      half of the marrow cells bearing this enzyme are related to those found in the
      thymus.

PMID- 1085333
TI  - Requirement for persistent extracellular antigen in cultures of antigen-binding B
      lymphocytes.
AB  - A system was established to assess the requirement for continuous presence of
      antigen in B-lymphocyte activation to antibody formation. Mouse spleen B
      lymphocytes, enriched for cells bearing anti-NIP (hapten 4-hydroxy-3-iodo-5
      nitrophenylacetic acid) receptors, were pretreated briefly with NIP-POL
      (polymerized flagellin) antigen, washed, and added in small numbers to
      microcultures. The behaviour of these cells was compared with that of cells
      cultured in the continuous presence of antigen. Unfractionated spleen cells were
      studied under similar conditions. In contrast to unfractionated cells, enriched
      cells could not be triggered effectively by brief contact with antigen at any
      concentration tested. Fewer cells were activated, and clone size was smaller
      after brief contact with antigen than when antigen was present continuously.
      Furthermore, brief contact at high concentration did not cause tolerance
      induction.

PMID- 1085334
TI  - Induction of an antibody response in cultures of human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes.
AB  - A culture system is descirbed which provides adequate conditions for in vitro
      immunization of humand peripheral blood lymphocytes to heterologous erythrocytes.
      Making use of this method we could obtain, with a number of different donors, an
      antibody response which peaked at about day 8 of culture with 30-300 plaque
      forming cells (PFC) per 10(6) input lymphocytes. However, in a number of
      experiments poor or negative results were obtained, even with donors that had
      previously given good response. This variability in the results was shown not to
      be due to a too low number of precursor cells present in the blood and could be
      overcome by treating the cells, before initiation of the culture, with a factor
      produced by mouse T cells educated to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). Under these
      conditions a PFC responce was obtained which peaked at about day 8 and which in
      some experiments could be as high as 20,000 PFC per 10(6) input lymphocytes.
      Paralleling the increase in PFC was an increase in cell number. The cells
      recovered from the treated cultures were at all times more numerous than in the
      nontreated cultures. The height of both the proliferative and antibody-producing
      responses varied from experiment to experiment, a higher proliferative response,
      accompanying a higher PFC response. Although the mechanisms that are at the basis
      of the antibody response in vitro described in this paper still need to be
      clarified, this system may become a useful tool in studying the immune response
      in man.

PMID- 1085335
TI  - Helper function of T cells depleted of alloantigen-reactive lymphocytes by
      filtration through irradiated F1 hybrid recipients. I. Failure to collaborate
      with allogeneic B cells in a secondary response to sheep erythrocytes measured in
      vivo.
AB  - Helper T cells were obtained by injecting heavily irradiated semiallogeneic mice
      with lymph node cells from H-2-incompatible parental strain mice primed with
      sheep erythrocytes (SRC) 2 mo before. Thoracic duct lymphocytes collected from
      the recipents 18-40 h later (nearly all of which were theta-positive and of donor
      origin) were totally and specifically unresponsive against host-type determinants
      in mixed-lymphocyte culture. The filtered cells were transferred to irradiated
      semiallogeneic mice together with SRC and anti-theta-serum-treated (B) cells from
      SRC-primed syngeneic, semiallogeneic, or allogeneic mice. When antibody-forming
      cells were measured in the spleen 5-9 days later, effective IgM and IgG
      collaborative responses were observed with both syngeneic and semiallogeneic B
      cells but not with allogeneic B cells. No evidence was found that the failure to
      obtain collaboration with the allogeneic B cells was due to inhibition of the B
      cells by the T cells or vice versa.

PMID- 1085336
TI  - Loss of suppressor T cells in adult NZB/NZW mice.
AB  - We have investigated suppressor T-cell activity in female NZB/NZW F1 mice using
      PWM-driven IgM biosynthesis in vitro as an indicator system. In initial we
      studied we observed that spleen cells from normal mice (BALB/c, C57BL/6), as well
      as from young (4 wk) and adult (18 wk) NZB/NZW mice, cultured in the presence of
      PWM synthesize 860 +/- 120 ng IgM/10(6) cells/7 days. However, when Con A (at 2
      mug/ml) was added directly to the cultures (along with PWM), cells obtained from
      adult normal mice and young NZB/NZW mice showed a 94% suppression of IgM
      synthesis, whereas cells obtained from adult NZB/NZW mice were suppressed
      significantly less. To analyze these findings we studied the effect of Con A
      induced suppressor cells (cells cultured with Con A for 24 h and washed free of
      Con A) on PWM-driven IgM biosynthesis. Spleen cells obtained from normal mice
      cultured in the presence of Con A-pulsed cells obtained from normal mice and
      young NZB/NZW mice showed an 83-88% suppression of PWM-driven IgM synthesis.
      Similarly, supernates obtained from Con A-pulsed cells of normal mice or of young
      NZB/NZW mice suppressed PWM-driven IgM synthesis. This suppression by Con A
      pulsed cells and their supernates required T cells since T-cell fractions but not
      B-cell fractions eluted from anti-Fab Sephadex columns mediated suppression of co
      cultured normal cells; in addition, Con A-pulsed cells treated with anti-theta
      and complement do not mediate suppression. These studies of Con A-induced
      suppressor cell activity in normal mice and young NZB/NZW mice contrast with
      studies of Con A-induced suppressor cell activity in adult NZB/NZW mice. We found
      that adult NZB/NZW Con A-pulsed cells and supernates obtained from the Con A
      pulse cells had vastly decreased suppressor potential; in this case the Con A
      pulse cells and supernatant fluids derived from such cells did not suppress PWM
      driven IgM synthesis by normal cells. Finally, whereas spleen cells from young
      and adult NZB/NZW mice differ in their suppressor cell potential, cells from both
      sources could respond equally to suppressor signals in that Con A-pulsed normal
      cells or supernates derived from such cells caused equivalent suppression of PWM
      driven IgM synthesis by young and adult NZB/NZW cells. These observations allow
      us to conclude that NZB/NZW mice lose suppressor T-cell activity as they age.

PMID- 1085337
TI  - Selective expression of H-2 (i-region) loci controlling determinants on helper
      and suppressor T lymphocytes.
AB  - Data presented here show that locidentify in the I-region of the H-2 gene complex
      are selectively expressed in different functional T-cell subpopulations. These
      loci are closely linked (or possibly identical) to loci that control immune
      responses. They control surface determinants which identify helper and suppressor
      T lymphocytes. Determinants described here on allotype suppressor T cells (Ts)
      are found on normal (nonsuppressed) lymphoid cells, but are not found on helper T
      cells (Th). These determinants are controlled by a locus mapping in the I region
      of the H-2 complex. In an accompanying publication we show that this locus (Ia-4)
      marks a new I subregion (I-J) and is expressed only on T cells. Thus Ia-4
      determinants idenfity a T-cell subpopulation which includes Ts but not Th. Th
      also carry identifying surface determinants controlled by loci that map to the H
      2 complex, probably within the I region. These determinants are not found on Ts.
      Data presented also establish that loci in the I region control determinants on
      Th, but do not conclusively demonstrate that these are the determinants that
      distinguish Th from Ts. The selective expression of H-2-controlled  determinants
      on Ts and Th suggests that these determinants are directly involved in
      immunoregulation.

PMID- 1085338
TI  - A new I subregion (I-J) marked by a locus (Ia-4) controlling surface determinants
      on suppressor T lymphocytes.
AB  - In an accompanying publication we show that a subpopulation of T lymphocytes,
      which includes allotype suppressor T cells, selectively expresses I-region
      determinants. In this report, we show that these determinants are controlled by a
      new locus, Ia-4. Unlike the classically defined Ia antigens, they are not found
      on B lymphocytes. Antibody against Ia-4 determinants cannot be detected by
      conventional dye exclusion cytoxicity assays, suggesting that they are present on
      a small subpopulation (less than 10%) of peripheral T lymphocytes. The Ia-4 locus
      marks a new I subregion, provisionally designated I-J. This chromosomal segment
      is defined by the crossover positions in strains B10.A(5R) (K-end boundary) and
      B10.HTT (D-end boundary), and maps between the I-B and I-C subregions.

PMID- 1085339
TI  - Properties of the antigen-specific suppressive T-cell factor in the regulation of
      antibody response of the mouse. IV. Special subregion assignment of the gene(s)
      that codes for the suppressive T-cell factor in the H-2 histocompatibility
      complex.
AB  - The locus of the gene that codes for the antigen-specific suppressive T-cell
      factor was determined to be in a new subregion "I-J" which locates between I-B
      and I-C subregions in the H-2 histocompatibility complex. This was shown by two
      different lines of evidence: (a) The absorbing capacity for the suppressive T
      cell factor of several alloantisera against restricted I subregions did not
      correlate with their specificity for previously known Ia molecules which are
      coded for by genes in I-A and I-C subregions, but was associated with the
      specificity for the products of genes putatively present between I-B and I-C
      subregions. By the occurrence of special recombinant strains, i.e. B10.A(5R),
      B10.A(3R), B10.S(9R), and B10.HTT, which differ with respect to the I-J
      subregion, we were able to produce alloantisera which distinguish I-J subregion
      gene products. The absorption studies using these special alloantisera directed
      to I-J subregion clearly indicated that the suppressive T-cell factor is a
      product of I-J subregion gene(s), and that the molecule is distinct from known Ia
      molecules expressed on splenic B cells. (b) Taking advantage of the fact that
      there is a strict histocompatibility requirement for the effective suppression
      between the donor and recipient strains of the suppressive T-cell factor, we were
      able to determine the required identities of the genes in the H-2 complex
      existing among those present between I-B and I-C. Again, utilizing the T-cell
      factors obtained from special recombinant strains, i.e. B10.A(4R) and B10.A(5R),
      we were able to locate the gene that codes for the suppressive T-cell factor
      reactive only with relevant haplotype strains between I-B and I-C subregions.
      These results are most reasonably explained by the presence of a new subregion I
      J which is specialized in coding for the suppressive T-cell factor as a different
      molecule from previously known Ia molecules.

PMID- 1085340
TI  - H-2 restriction of virus-specific T-cell-mediated effector functions in vivo. II.
      Adoptive transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity to murine lymphocytic
      choriomeningits virus is restriced by the K and D region of H-2.
AB  - In mice, primary footpad swelling after local infection with lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) adoptively
      transferred by LCMV immune lymphocytes are T-cell dependent. Nude mice do not
      develop primary footpad swelling, and T-cell depletion abrogates the capacity to
      transfer LCMV-specific DTH. Effector T cells involved in eliciting dose-dependent
      DTH are virus specific in that vaccinia virus-immune lymphocytes could not elicit
      DTH in LCMV-infected mice. The adoptive transfer of DTH is restricted to H-2K or
      H-2D compatible donor-recipient combinations. Distinct from the fowl-gamma
      globulin DTH model, I-region compatibility is neither necessary nor alone
      sufficient. Whatever the mechanisms involved in this K- or D-region associated
      restriction in vivo, it most likely operates at the level of T-cell recognition
      of "altered self" coded in K or D. T cells associated with the I region (helper T
      cells and DTH-T cells to fowl-gamma-globulin) are specific for soluble, defined,
      and inert antigens. T cells associated with the K and D region (T cells cytotoxic
      in vitro and in vivo for acute LCMV-infected cells, DTH effector T cells, and
      anti-viral T cells) are specific for infectious, multiplying virus. The fact that
      T-cell specificity is differentially linked with the I region or with the K and D
      regions of H-2 may reflect the fundamental biological differences of these
      antigens. Although it cannot be excluded that separate functional subclasses of T
      effector cells could have self-recognizers for different cell surface structures
      coded in I or K and D, it is more likely that the antigen parameters determine
      whether T cells are specific for "altered" I or "altered" K- or D-coded
      structures.

PMID- 1085341
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of phagocytosis. II. The interaction of macrophages with
      anti-immunoglobulin IgG-coated bone marrow-derived lymphocytes.
AB  - We have examined the effect of the distribution of anti-immunoglobulin IgG
      molecules on the surface of bone marrow-derived lymphocytes upon the interaction
      of these cells with macrophages. Lymphocytes which were diffusely coated with
      antibodies to surface immunoglogulin were ingested by macrophages. Lymphocytes
      which had the same number of anti-immunoglobulin IgG molecules redistributed to
      one pole of the surface bound to the macrophages' Fc receptors but were not
      ingested. These results confirm our previous hypothesis that ingestion of an
      immunologically coated particle requires the sequential, circumferential binding
      of specific receptors on the plasma membrane of a phagocytic cell to immunologic
      ligands distributed over the entire particle surface. Macrophages which had bound
      capped lymphocytes by the macrophages' Fc receptors removed the immune complex
      caps from the lymphocyte surface without destroying the lymphocytes. These
      lymphocytes remained attached to the macrophage surface. The finding that
      macrophages can phagocytize immune complexes from the surface of a cell without
      destroying the cell to which these complexes are attached may be important in
      understanding the effects of antigens and antibodies on cells participating in a
      humoral immune response, in identifying the mechanisms by which chronic viral
      infections are established, and in defining the roles of blocking antibodies in
      tumor immunity.

PMID- 1085342
TI  - Secretion of Ia antigens by a subpopulation of T cells which are Ly-1+, Ly-2-,
      and Ia-.
AB  - It was found that Ia antignes are rapidly secreted by a subpopulation of splenic
      T lymphocytes which are nonadherent and which express the surface phenotype Ly
      1+, Ly-2-, and Ia-. Secretion of the Ia antigens was a metabolically active
      process which was inhibited by sodium azide and by Pactamycin, an inhibitor of
      protein synthesis.

PMID- 1085343
TI  - Interferon production in athymic nude mice.
AB  - Athymic (homozygous nude) mice of a non-inbred stock had relatively little
      antiviral activity in their serum compared with normal control mice at 4, 6 and
      6.5 h after the intraperitoneal injection of Newcastle disease virus. The
      antiviral activity in the serum had the characteristics of interferon. At 10 h
      after injection and thereafter, the serum titres were comparable in nude and
      normal control mice. Exceptional nude mice with thymus-like tissue sometimes
      produced interferon more or less normally. Transfer of spleen cells from normal
      donor mice, but not from nude donors, led to increased serum interferon levels in
      nude recipient mice at 4 h after virus injection.

PMID- 1085344
TI  - Changing to problem-oriented methods. Implementation in psychiatric institutions.
AB  - The so-called problem-oriented methods for organizing and recording clinical
      information offer many potential benefits to users in psychiatric institutions.
      Beyond the mechanical aspects of implementation, incorporating a problem-oriented
      approach into the practices of clinical teams entails conceptual and practical
      readjustments of considerable magnitude. Based on an 18-month study of eight
      psychiatric teams with diverse characteristics, the paper discusses rationales
      and priorities, as well as administrative and educational considerations in the
      conversion process. Such a process must be studied and understood in setting
      objectives and channeling resources, if outcomes are to match the expectations.

PMID- 1085345
TI  - EEG, 5-HTP-metabolism and acupuncture.
AB  - Correlations between EEG-alterations and administration of 5-HT and 5-HTP in man
      are described. Age-dependence can be observed. Successful acupuncture produces
      EEG-alterations especially in younger patients as seen after exogene
      administration of 5-HT respectively 5-HTP i.v. Since biochemical indications for
      an increased 5-HT turnover during acupuncture of several acupuncture-points are
      evident further investigations should be carried out to enable reliable
      correlations.

PMID- 1085346
TI  - Studies on the uptake and release of radioactive taurine by the frog retina.

PMID- 1085347
TI  - Percutaneous epidural dorsal column stimulation. Technical note.

PMID- 1085348
TI  - Remarks concerning 102 watersoluble contrast ventriculographies.
AB  - The Authors report their experience in using water-soluble contrast medium in
      ventriculographies having carried out 102 ventriculographies partly with Dimer X
      and partly with "Uromiro 300". Their conclusions are practically similar to those
      already reported by the many Authors who have written on this subject: 1)
      facility of examination particularly in urgent cases; 2) excellent
      neuroradiological definition of the cases; 3) possibility of obtaining a
      selective ventriculography; 4) indication especially in space-occupying lesions
      of the posterior cranial contrast medium; 6) possibility of reducing complication
      rate by carefully carrying out the examination and by avoiding the use of
      excessive quantities of contrast. In particular the Authors describe some useful
      methods for obtaining better technical results from the examination and reducing
      the complication rate.

PMID- 1085349
TI  - Simultaneous determination of eight vitamin D2 isomers by high-speed liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - The simultaneous determination of vitamin D2 and its isomers by high-speed liquid
      chromatography (HSLC) is described. Preferred operating conditions for the
      resolution and quantitation of vitamin D2 5,6-trans-vitamin D2, ergosterol,
      lumisterol2, isovitamin D2, isotachysterol2, tachysterol2, and previtamin D2 are
      as follows: column, "Zorbax" SIL (25 cm x 2.1 mm i.d.); pressure, 100-120 kg/cm2;
      temperature, ambient; detector, UV 254 nm; mobile phase, 0.15% methanol + 2%
      ether in pentane (for the simultaneous determination), 10% ether in hexane (for
      quantitation of the practical sets of isomers), or 55% CHCl3 (distilled) in
      pentane (for separation of isovitamin D2 and 5,6-trans-vitamin D2); sample size,
      1 mul (greater than 1-5 ng); internal standard, p-cresol or alpha-naphthol. High
      speed, good resolution, precise and accurate trace analysis, greater analysis
      flexibility, no necessity for preparing derivatives, and gentle operating
      conditions are main potential advantages of our method which has proved to be
      very efficient and surpasses all analytical procedures hitherto proposed.

PMID- 1085350
TI  - Simultaneous determination of eight vitamin D2 isomers by proton magnetic
      resonance spectroscopy.
AB  - Simultaneous determination of vitamin D2 and its isomers, with the aid of pmr
      employing a paramagnetic shift reagent Eu (dpm)3, is presented. Thus, a mixture
      of vitamin D2 isomers is acetylated and its pmr spectra are run with and without
      the addition of the shift reagent. Relative paramagnetic shift values (gamma rel)
      of the acetoxyl protons of the acetylated isomers are estimated for solutions in
      CCl4 against the reference acetoxyl signal of vitamin D2 acetate. Estimated
      values are as follows: vitamin D2 acetate = 100, 5,6-trans-vitamin D2 acetate =
      71 +/- 1, ergosteryl acetate = 86 +/- 1, lumisteryl2 acetate = 123 +/- 3,
      isovitamin D2 acetate = 82, isotachysteryl2 acetate = 97, tachysteryl2 acetate =
      100 (105 +/- 1 in C6D6), and previtamin D2 acetate = 80 +/- 2. On the basis of a
      dramatic shift of an acetoxyl signal and a constancy of each gamma rel, this
      method permits immediate identification of the isomers and provides valuable
      information on their stereochemistry. This technique also facilitates a
      simultaneous determination of these isomers in a mixture by estimating each
      signal area.

PMID- 1085351
TI  - Antibodies to nucleic acids in congenital immune deficiency states.
AB  - The presence of antibodies to native DNA, single-stranded DNA, and double
      stranded RNA was determined for 37 patients with selective IgA deficiency, 11
      patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, seven patients with common variable
      agammaglobulinemia, 14 patients with ataxia telangiectasia, six patients with
      intestinal lymphangiectasia, and one patient with Nezelof syndrome. Of 37
      patients with selective IgA deficiency, 11 had antibodies to at least one nucleic
      acid; six had antibodies to native DNA, seven had antibodies to single-stranded
      DNA, and four had antibodies to double-stranded RNA. The only other congenital
      immune deficiency disease studied in which antibodies to nucleic acids were found
      was the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome; in this group three of 11 patients had
      antibodies to native DNA. Retrospective analysis of our patients with SLE
      disclosed a 2.6% prevalence of IgA deficiency, a prevalence clearly higher than
      in the general population. These studies provide further evidence of the
      association between autoimmunity and abnormalities of IgA production and suggest
      a relationship between thymic-derived immune regulation and IgA production.

PMID- 1085352
TI  - Neonatal hypoxia and pulmonary vasospasm: response to tolazoline.
AB  - Forty-six neonates with hypoxemia were treated with tolazoline, a pulmonary
      vasodilator, within the first two days of life. Eight of ten (80%) infants
      without apparent lung disease responded with a mean increase in PaO2 of 116 torr
      within one hour of beginning tolazoline infusions. One of the responding infants
      and two nonresponders died. Thirty-six additional infants with a variety of
      pulmonary disorders had severe hypoxemia which was refractory to mechanical
      ventilation. Twenty-one (58%) responded with a mean increase in PaO2 of 130 torr
      within one hour after beginning tolazoline and 13 (62%) of these survived.
      Fifteen patients had little or no improvement in PaO2 following tolazoline and
      only three (20%) of these infants survived. Responders could not be distinguished
      from nonresponders by clinical or laboratory features prior to therapy with
      tolazoline. Fourteen infants experienced complications possibly related to
      tolazoline.

PMID- 1085353
TI  - Letter: Failure of Leucovorin therapy in nonketotic hyperglycinemia.

PMID- 1085354
TI  - A voltage-clamp study of the effect of two lidocaine derivatives on the time
      course of end-plate currents.
AB  - 1. Voltage-clamped end-plate currents (e.p.c.s) have been studied in the glycerol
      treated Rana pipiens sartorius nerve-muscle preparations in normal Ringer
      solution and in the presence of QX-222 and QX-314. 2. Both QX-222 and QX-314, the
      trimethyl and triethyl analogues, respectively, of lidocaine, greatly modify end
      plate current kinetics. The altered e.p.c.s still show a true reversal potential,
      which is essentially the same as the reversal potential before drug treatment.
      The time course of the altered end-plate currents varies with both membrane
      potential and drug concentration. 3. In the presence of 0-1-1-0 mM QX-222, end
      plate currents decay as the sum of three exponentials: I(t) =I1(0)e-k1t+I2(0)e
      k2t+I3(0)e-k3t, where the subscipts 1, 2 and 3 refer to the rapidly,
      intermediately, and slowly decaying components, respectively. Both the
      amplitudes, Ij(0), and the decay rates, kj, depend upon membrane potential. 4.
      Hyperpolarization increases the relative size of the first and third components,
      i.e. I1(0) and I3(0) increase relative to I2(0). Depolarization increases the
      relative size of the second component. 5. Hyperpolarization causes a decrease in
      the decay rates k2 and k3 and causes a slight increase in the decay rate k1.
      Dependence of the three decay rates on membrane potential is well described by:
      kj=bjeajv. 6. The Q10 of each of the kj is about 3. 7. Raising QX-222
      concentration, at any given membrane potential, augments I1(0) and I3(0) at the
      expense of I2(0). Raising concentration increases k1 and decreases k3; their
      voltage-dependence is little affected. 8. At all QX-222 concentrations tested the
      decay rate k2 is nearly the same as the decay rate of a normal e.p.c. recorded at
      an equivalent holding potential from the same fibre before drug exposure. 9. End
      plate currents in the presence of 0-1 mM-QX-314 show a "major" or rapidly
      decaying phase and a very small, slowly decaying phase or "tail", but no
      intermediate component. Only the major component is discernible for end-plate
      currents in 0-5 mM-QX-314. 10. Voltage- and concentration-dependence of the decay
      rate of the major component in QX-314 is similar to k1 and QX-222. Voltage
      dependence of the tails decay rate appears to be similar to k3. It is
      hypothesized that the second component in QX-222 represents currents of unaltered
      or normal conductance kinetics, and that the first and third components in QX
      222, as well as the major component and tail in QX-314, represent current of "QX
      altered conductance kinetics".

PMID- 1085355
TI  - Proceedings: The role of the vestibulo-ocular reflex in visual target
      acquisition.

PMID- 1085356
TI  - Proceedings: Binocular visual neurones in the frog thalamus.

PMID- 1085357
TI  - Proceedings: The prolongation of relaxation after an isometric tetanus.

PMID- 1085358
TI  - Stimulation of the sodium pump by azide and high internal sodium: changes in the
      number of pumping sites and turnover rate.
AB  - 1. The effects of 5 mM azide on [3H]ouabain uptake and 22Na efflux were
      determined. Both glycoside uptake and 22Na efflux were enhanced by azide. 2.
      Azide stimulated the Na pump in muscles whose pumping sites had been inhibited by
      ouabain and then transferred to a glycoside-free solution. This stimulation was
      observed before detecting any recovery of the initial pumping activity. 3. When
      both the resting and the azide-stimulated 22Na efflux had been blocked by
      ouabain, an additional exposure to azide, in a ouabain-free solution, had no
      further effects on 22Na efflux. 4. It is concluded that the increase in Na
      pumping caused by azide is due in part to an increase in the number of pumping
      sites. 5. [3H]ouabain binding was measured in muscles with different
      intracellular alkali cation concentrations. Variations in [Na]i from 15 up to 50
      mM did not significantly affect the amount of glycoside bound. A substantial
      increase in binding occurred when [Na]i reached 70 mM. 6. It is proposed that the
      increase in Na extrusion that occurs during the recovery of Na loaded muscles
      mostly results from an increased turnover rate of the pump rather than from an
      increase in number of pumping sites.

PMID- 1085359
TI  - The effects of very low external calcium and sodium concentrations on cardiac
      contractile strength and calcium-sodium antagonism.
AB  - 1. The tension levels of the contractures induced in frog atrial trabeculae by
      reduction of the bathing Na concentration have been investigated over a wide
      range of [Na+]o and [Ca2+]o, making use of EGTA to buffer [Ca2+]o under 10(-5)M.
      2. The relationship between tension and the quotient [Ca2+]o/[Na+]2o is only an
      apparent one, and holds approximately for Na concentrations as low as 1-5 mM. 3.
      However, for low Na concentrations tension depends on the absolute values of both
      [Ca2+]o and [Na+]o. 4. Extracellular Ca is the essential factor in tension
      production. The results indicate an apparent threshold for tension near 5 X 10(
      8) M-[Ca2+]o. 5. It can be shown that, under the present experimental conditions,
      the Na concentration around the cells must be lower than about 0-1 mM in 'zero'
      Na+ solutions. 6. It is shown that the over-all process leading to tension
      production can be explained in terms of a reaction involving two Ca ions. 7. To
      account for the results, a modification of the reaction scheme put forward by
      Luttgau & Niedergerke (1958) is proposed, involving a competitive action between
      Ca and Na ions at a free receptor site. 8. To account for the scheme, an example
      of a mechanism involving both internal and external Na and Ca concentrations is
      considered.

PMID- 1085360
TI  - The formation of metarhodospin380 in the retinal rods of the frog.
AB  - 1. The formation of metarhodopsin380 (metarhodopsin II) was studied in isolated
      frog retinas exposed to intense flashes of 120 mus duration. 2. A rapid increase
      in absorbance at 375 nm during the flash was followed by a slower absorbance
      increase in the subsequent dark period. The slower increase showed virtual
      completion after 5 ms. 3. The fast absorbance increase during the flash was due
      to the formation of metarhodopsin478. The rate of this reaction was dependent on
      the time course of the flash and on the decay rate of lumirhodopsin. 4. Kinetic
      analysis indicates that three consecutive reactions occur: the light-controlled
      formation of lumirhodopsin, its first-order decay to metarhodopsin478 and the
      conversion of metarhodopsin478 into metarhodopsin380. At 21 degrees C, the decay
      constants were 2 X 10(4) S-1 (lumirhodopsin) and 1 X 10(3) S-1
      (metarhodopsin478), respectively.

PMID- 1085361
TI  - [Digestive hemorrhages: diagnostic and therapeutic data of selective
      angiography].

PMID- 1085362
TI  - [Angiography in massive digestive hemorrhages].

PMID- 1085363
TI  - [Comparison of ponto-cerebellar signs with radiologic signs by standard
      examination and opaque cisternography].

PMID- 1085364
TI  - [Abdominal visceral pharmacoangiography].

PMID- 1085365
TI  - The problems of problem-orientated records.

PMID- 1085366
TI  - The influence of drugs on the kinin-forming system in relation to pregnancy and
      parturition in the rat.
AB  - The duration of normal gestation and parturition in the rat can be changed by
      treatment with drugs which alter the equilibrium of the kallikrein-kinin system.
      The kallikrein inhibitor, aprotinin, when given from Days 19-22 of pregnancy
      prolongs gestation. Treatment with aprotinin from Days 20-22 of pregnancy
      prolongs the parturient process, as does a single dose given on the morning of
      Day 22. Kallikrein, when administered from Days 19-22 of pregnancy, results in a
      prolongation of gestation and abolishes the pre-parturient behaviour ('labour').
      Parturition is prolonged and many fetuses are stillborn. Soya bean trypsin
      inhibitor when given from Days 19-22 of pregnancy delays and prolongs
      parturition; maternal haemorrhage occurs during birth and many fetuses are born
      dead or are abandoned at birth. It is suggested that the kallikrein-kinin system
      plays a functional role in the normal process of parturition in the rat.

PMID- 1085367
TI  - Drug effects on antigen-antibody complex redistribution and fluidity of membrane
      lipids.

PMID- 1085368
TI  - The effect of tilorone on immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes (B cells) in
      peripheral blood and spleens of mice.

PMID- 1085369
TI  - Probable common origin of a hereditary fundus dystrophy (Sorsby's familial
      pseudoinflammatory macular dystrophy) in an English and Australian family.
AB  - A genealogical link was established six generations back between a family living
      in England and Australia, and one of the families reported originally by Sorsby
      et al (1949) as suffering from autosomal dominant inflammatory macular dystrophy
      (fundus dystrophy). The onset--in the fifth decade of life--and the progress of
      the condition, which usually ends in blindness, has been observed in a number of
      patients and the prodromal development of a colour vision deficiency in some of
      them confirmed. This defect is fundamentally different from the X-linked colour
      vision defects and merits further investigation.

PMID- 1085370
TI  - X mapping in man: evidence against direct measurable linkage between ocular
      albinism and deutan colour blindness.
AB  - A Newfoundland kindred in which ocular albinism and deutan colour blindness are
      segregating provides strong evidence against the loci for these two X-borne
      characters being within direct measurable distance of each other.

PMID- 1085371
TI  - Using a workshop to determine the effectiveness of a text on the problem-oriented
      medical record.

PMID- 1085372
TI  - A specific endonuclease from Haemophilus haemolyticus.

PMID- 1085373
TI  - The association of protein with the polyadenylic acid of HeLa cell messenger RNA:
      evidence for a "transport" role of a 75,000 molecular weight polypeptide.

PMID- 1085374
TI  - Curling's ulcer in children.

PMID- 1085375
TI  - Classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. Frequency in normal
      patients.
AB  - One hundred healthy women were examined prospectively during their annual
      physical examination for any of the preliminary criteria of systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE). No patient had more than three of the criteria; 50 (50%) had
      none. The preliminary criteria were effective in excluding normal patients. Three
      of 19 patients taking oral contraceptives had serum antinuclear antibody (ANA),
      whereas only one of 81 non-pill users had serum ANA (P less than .05). None of
      these patients with positive ANA had clinical evidence of SLE.

PMID- 1085376
TI  - [Changes of T and B cell populations in peripheral lymphoid tissues of guinea
      pigs after immunization].

PMID- 1085377
TI  - [Surface markers of malignant lymphoid cells in the classification of
      lymphoproliferative disorders, with special reference to adult T-cell leukemia
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085378
TI  - [Surface nature of B and T cell in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and allied
      disorders (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085379
TI  - Heterotransplantation of cell lines derived from human malignant neoplasms into
      golden hamsters treated with antithymocyte serum.
AB  - Thirteen cell lines of tissue culture originated from human malignant neoplasms
      were transplanted into cheek pouches of adult golden hamsters treated with anti
      hamster thymocyte serum. In eleven cell lines, transplantation tests with 3.5 X
      10(6) to 6.8 X 10(6) cells resulted in neoplastic growth within 4 weeks. In other
      two cell lines including one from neuroblastoma and another from Burkitt's
      lymphoma, the inoculum size had to be raised to 11.8 X 10(6) and 12.2 X 10(6)
      cells to get tumor growth, respectively. The histological appearance of those
      tumors was consistent with that of the individual primary neoplasms despite of
      their long in vitro histories. Anaplasia grading of the tumors appeared not to be
      correlated with the frequency of take.

PMID- 1085380
TI  - Stimulation of lymphocytes of patients administered with a trypsin inhibitor,
      Trasylol (basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor pharmaceutical), in vitro with BPTI
      and other several stimulants.
AB  - Distinguished lymphocytes stimulation was observed in vitro with one out of four
      patients received Trasylol therapy. The peak response of DNA synthesis was shown
      to occur at 100 mug/tube of basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) itself,
      about 6 days after addition of BPTI. Reactivity (3H-thymidine incorporation) of
      lymphocytes of patients after the therapy, to specific antigen, ie., purified
      protein derivative (PPD) or Bordetella pertussis organisms in vitro, was markedly
      depressed. On the other hand, that to non-specific mitogen, phytohaemagglutinin-p
      of pokeweed mitogen, was a little reduced, or rather enhanced after the therapy.
      Conversly, lymphocytes of an originally tuberculin negative patient were lead to
      be stimulated with PPD in vitro, after skin test with PPD and Trasylol therapy.
      These various immune responses including drug-induced exanthemas of patients
      received the therapy, are discussed in this report, in comparison with immune
      responses of guinea pigs sensitized with BPTI, immune responses of animals in
      microorganism infections and the contrary immunological effects of Trasylol
      already reported.

PMID- 1085381
TI  - Effects of local anesthetics on frog taste cell responses.

PMID- 1085382
TI  - Clinical significance of bradykinin liberation during cardiopulmonary bypass and
      its prevention by a kallikrein inhibitor.
AB  - Activation of the kinin system and effects  of Trasylol (Bayer, A.G. Lebukusen,
      West Germany), a kallikrein inhibitor, were investigated on 52 patients during
      hemodilutional cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Immediately after the start of CPB,
      neither elevation of bradykinin nor reduction of plasma kininogen (KGN: a
      precursor of bradykinin) were observed. During CPB, bradykinin level in the blood
      was markedly elevated, correlating with the significant decrease of kininogen (p
      less than 0.001). The longer the CPB time, the more marked the reduction of KGN.
      In the cases requiring over 60 minutes of CPB, the amounts of bradykinin released
      (4.6-18.0ng/ml) were sufficient to increase capillary permeability as well as
      peripheral vasodilatation. As shown by the sufnificant increase of hematocrit (p
      less than 0.005) and the extreme reduction of vascular resistance found at the
      end of CPB in the prolonged cases. Infusion of Trasylol into the extracorporeal
      circuit actually prevented the reduction of kininogen and the increase of
      hematocrit as well as the extreme decrease of vascular resistance in the cases of
      over 60 minutes CPB. These results clearly point out that Trasylol is beneficial
      for the prevention of bradykinin liberation and capillary permeability increase
      and for the maintenance of optimum peripheral vascular tone during CPB.
      Furthermore, the significance of these findings with regards to complications
      during and after prolonged CPB was discussed.

PMID- 1085383
TI  - [On secondary endoepithelial dystrophy of the cornea due to non-magnetic anterior
      chamber foreign body (author's transl)].
AB  - Secondary endoepithelial dystrophy of the cornea can be uncharacteristic and lead
      to misdiagnoses. A foreign body in the anterior chamber producing an endothelial
      dystrophy is often recognized late, or not at all. Clearing the cornea with
      glycerin facilitates the gonioscopic examination. Foreign bodies found in the
      anterior chamber following war wounds of traffic accidents were most commonly
      glass, quartz or stone. After removal of the foreign body, the endothelial
      dystrophy can heal spontaneously. A perforating keratoplasty of large diameter is
      indicated if the dystrophy persists or increases. The results are reported.

PMID- 1085384
TI  - [Physiotherapy in some pathological conditions of extraocular muscles].

PMID- 1085385
TI  - Spontaneous eosinophil-erythrocyte rosette formation.
AB  - Eosinophils of dogs form rosettes with washed human erythrocytes in a manner very
      similar to that of thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes. Identification of rosette
      forming eosinophils was made by both light and electron microscopic study of
      eosinophils infiltrating into the canine transmissible venereal sarcoma.

PMID- 1085386
TI  - Effect of Surgery on the Quantity of Lymphocyte Subpopulations.

PMID- 1085387
TI  - Acetic acid-induced gastritis in cats. Changes in blood flow and capillary
      permeability.

PMID- 1085388
TI  - Degradation of DNA in haemophilus influenzae cells after X-ray irradiation. II.
      Comparison with theoretical models.

PMID- 1085389
TI  - A case of fatal fat embolism syndrome following cardiopulmonary bypass.
AB  - A case of fat embolism syndrome following median sternotomy and cardiopulmonary
      bypass, with fatal outcome, is described. This syndrome is present subclinically
      in the majority of these surgical procedures. The etiology and possible
      mechanisms of production are discussed; management is empirical and aimed at
      maintaining the function of embolized microvascular endothelium.

PMID- 1085390
TI  - The assessment of function of left ventricle and patency of aorta-coronary bypass
      after operation. A study of systolic time intervals.
AB  - The effect of aorta-coronary bypass surgery on left ventricular function was
      evaluated in 39 patients by cardiac catheterization and recording of the systolic
      time intervals (STI) before and an average of 4.5 months following myocardial
      revascularization. All patients were in sinus rhythm, had normal QRS intervals on
      the electrocardiogram, and had taken no medication for at least 3 weeks prior to
      the study. The STI was unchanged postoperatively in patients with the following
      characteristics: freedom from angina; heart rate not more than 15 beats greater
      than the preoperative level; all grafts patent; and no progression of disease in
      coronary arteries. Deterioration in left ventricular function after operation as
      represented by shortened left ventricular ejection time, (LVET) prolonged pre
      ejection period (PEP), and increased ratio of PEP/LVET was found in patients with
      the following characteristics: persistent angina; heart rate more than 14 beats
      faster than the preoperative level; occlusion of any grafts; progression of
      disease in the coronary arteries; evidence for postoperative myocardial
      infarction. Worsening of left ventricular performance as determined by STI was
      more apparent in patients with occluded grafts and no collateral circulation than
      in those with occluded grafts and collateral circulation which may have offered
      protection against ischemia. These investigations supported the use of STI in
      assessing changes in left ventricular function after coronary bypass and, by
      inference, in assessing the status of the graft.

PMID- 1085391
TI  - Tension on coronary bypass conduits. A neglected cause of real or potential
      obstruction of saphenous vein grafts.
AB  - Of 41 saphenous vein aorta-coronary bypass grafts from 21 patients, abnormal
      graft tension was judged to be present at necropsy in 6 grafts (15 per cent) from
      5 patients (24 per cent). Five (33 per cent) of 15 grafts placed to the right
      coronary system and one (3 per cent) of 26 grafts to the left coronary system
      were under excess tension. The abnormal tension appeared to result from the
      insertion of grafts too short to accommodate normal or abnormal distention of the
      right atrium and ventricle (graft to distal right coronary or posterior
      descending coronary artery) or of the pulmonary trunk (graft to left coronary
      system) after discontinuation of cardiopulmonary bypass or development of acute
      congestive cardiac failure.

PMID- 1085392
TI  - Pulmonary involvement by histiocytosis X in the pediatric age group.
AB  - The lungs may be involved by histiocytosis X either as part of a generalized
      disease or as a separate entity, primary pulmonary histiocytosis X. The former is
      much more frequent in the pediatric age group, and although it occurs primarily
      in those who are quite sick with widely disseminated disease, the lung
      involvement rarely caused symptoms and almost invariably clears. By contrast,
      primary pulmonary histiocytosis X is mainly seen in young adult males and
      frequently leads to severe disability. Twelve patients less than 20 years old
      with lung involvement by histiocytosis X are presented.

PMID- 1085393
TI  - Human cochlear changes in noise induced hearing loss.
AB  - The temporal bone histopathological findings in 14 ears with noise induced
      hearing loss are presented. The morphological changes consist mainly of hair cell
      loss, which is more severe in the 9 mm to 13 mm region of the cochlear duct.
      Within the area of maximum hair cell loss, there is a greater loss of outer hair
      cells than of inner hair cells. There is a good correlation between the permanent
      auditory threshold shifts and the spatial location of the sensory lesion
      according to the anatomical frequency scale.

PMID- 1085394
TI  - Marihuana, tetrahydrocannabinol and T-cell function.

PMID- 1085395
TI  - The interaction of porphyrin precursors with GABA receptors in the isolated frog
      spinal cord.

PMID- 1085396
TI  - [Blood coagulation disorders as an accompanying cause of massive gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage in patients with liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1085397
TI  - [Immunologic aspects of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the adult].

PMID- 1085398
TI  - [Pneumocystis carinii pneumonias in the adult].

PMID- 1085399
TI  - A national computer-based epidemiological information system.

PMID- 1085400
TI  - An interhospital problem-oriented and automated discharge summary.

PMID- 1085401
TI  - A case of cardiac arrest following oral 250 mg. mefenamic acid.

PMID- 1085402
TI  - Analgesic nephropathy.
AB  - Analgesic nephropathy is part of a wider clinical syndrome associated with the
      abuse of APC compounds, that is, a minimum total intake of 2 kg of aspirin or
      phenacetin. Ischaemic heart disease and premature aging are newly recognized
      aspects of the analgesic syndrome. The diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy can be
      made precisely by the radiological demonstration of renal papillary necrosis. The
      most important aspect of management of established analgesic nephropathy and
      renal insufficency is total avoidance of all non-steroid antiinflammatory agents
      and this is commonly associated with stabilization or improvement in renal
      function. In the APC mixture, aspirin appears to be the major nephrotoxic agent
      while phenacetin and paracetamol play a secondary and synergistic role in the
      nephrotoxicity.

PMID- 1085403
TI  - Editorial: The management of obesity.

PMID- 1085404
TI  - Methotrexate megadosage followed by folate rescue. I. A study in clearance
      patterns.
AB  - Plasma clearance rates of methotrexate  (MTX) have been determined in five
      patients given an infusion of 3,000 mg of MTX over six hours, followed by folate
      rescue 24 hours after the commencement of infusion. Results presented indicate
      that maintenance of high MTX concentrations and potential toxicity could not be
      related to age, body weight or surface area.

PMID- 1085405
TI  - Localized tissue reduction.
AB  - A faradic muscle  stimulator (the Hawkins EBA machine) for localized tissue
      reduction is described. Forty patients undergoing a course of treatment with the
      machine all lost significant amounts of weight. No side effects were noted.

PMID- 1085406
TI  - Methotrexate megadose followed by folate rescue. II. Clearance patterns in
      patients receiving sequential megadose infusions.
AB  - In some patients receiving megadose infusions of methotrexate (MTX), the rate of
      drug clearance decreases with each subsequent infusion. This can be modified by
      administration of fluids as outlined in the Recommended Protocol. Monitoring of
      each treatment is needed to assess requirements of fluids since these cannot be
      adequately predicted from data of previous infusions.

PMID- 1085407
TI  - [Extracorporeal blood irradiation in chronic lymphatic leukemia (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 8 outpatients suffering from different stages of chronic lymphatic leukemia
      extracorporeal irradiation of blood was used. In two cases full remission could
      be induced. In the other patients leukocytes were reduced to 10000 to 40000. In
      all patients we found a diminuation of B lymphocytes. Side effects were not
      observed.

PMID- 1085408
TI  - [The examination of the color vision disorders].

PMID- 1085409
TI  - [Cellular immunity].

PMID- 1085410
TI  - Receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E) and erythrocyte-antibody-complement
      complexes (EAC) on the lymphoblasts of childhood acute lymphocyblastic leukemia.
AB  - Two cell-surface markers, rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes (E-rosette)
      as a T-cell marker and rosette formation with bovine erythrocyte-antibody
      complement complex (EAC-rosette) as a B-cell marker were determined on peripheral
      blood lymphocytes and lymphoblasts from normal and 89 children with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the majority of the patients (12/15 untreated
      patients and 6/11 patients in relapse), lymphoblasts exhibited neither E- nor EAC
      rosette formation. Lymphoblasts from one untreated patient with mediastinal mass
      displayed E-(50%) and EAC-rosette formation (15%). In 3 of 11 patients in
      relapse, lymphoblasts displayed an increase in EAC-rosette formation with
      progressive disease. In the remaining patients with active disease, a small and
      variable proportion of lymphoblasts expressed E and/or EAC-rosette formation. In
      63 patients in remission, percentages of E- and/or EAC-rosette were similar (p
      greater than 0.05) to those of control. The results indicate a wide heterogeniety
      with respect to expression of lymphocyte membrane markers in lymphoblasts and in
      normal lymphocytes in patients with active ALL.

PMID- 1085411
TI  - Bacteriophage N3 of Haemophilus influenzae. I. Independence of vegetative
      recombination among Haemophilus influenzae bacteriophage on the host cell.
AB  - Vegtative recombination of temperature-sensitive mutants of Haemophilus influezae
      bacteriophage N3 was measured in wild-type H. influenzae strain Rd9 and in
      recombination-defective mutants of the Rd strain. Recombinants are formed with
      low but equal frequency in wild-type cells and recombination-defective mutants of
      the Rd strain. It is concluded that this phage can carry information in its own
      genome for vegetative recombination. Lysogenization readily takes place in both
      strains.

PMID- 1085412
TI  - Phospholipids bound to acidic nuclear proteins in human B and T lymphocytes.
AB  - Chromatin fractions (DNA, histones and non-histone chromosomal proteins NHCP)
      have been isolated from human peripheral B and T lymphocytes using different
      methods and analyzed in order to identify their lipid content. While DNA and
      histone fractions do not reveal the presence of lipids, a 2% of phospholipids is
      present in the NHCP fraction. The phospholipids associated with NHCP present a
      constant relative ratio among sphingomyelin, phosphatidyl-choline and
      phosphatidyl-ethanolamine both in B and T lymphocytes, whichever are the
      extraction procedures employed. These findings are related to the possible
      dereprssive role of phospholipids on DNA-dependent RNA synthesis.

PMID- 1085413
TI  - Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in
      adults.

PMID- 1085414
TI  - Editorial: Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.

PMID- 1085415
TI  - Antibody response induced in vitro to the cell-surface alloantigen Thy-1.

PMID- 1085416
TI  - Immunopathology of schistosomiasis in athymic mice.

PMID- 1085417
TI  - Absence of axonemal arms in nasal mucosa cilia in Kartagener's syndrome.

PMID- 1085418
TI  - Separation of suppressor and killer T cells by surgace phenotype.

PMID- 1085419
TI  - Helper T cells recognise antigen and macrophage surface components
      simultaneously.

PMID- 1085420
TI  - Induction of autoantibodies to red blood cells by polyclonal B-cell activators.

PMID- 1085421
TI  - Genetic control of the response of chicken leukocytes to a T-cell mitogen.

PMID- 1085422
TI  - T-T cell collaboration during in vivo responses to antigens coded by the
      peripheral and central region of the MHC.

PMID- 1085423
TI  - Strain differences in the autoimmune response of mice to acetylcholine receptors.

PMID- 1085424
TI  - The effect of electrical stimulation and drugs on the release of acetylcholine
      from the frog spinal cord.
AB  - The isolated frog spinal cord preparation, hemisected longitudinally, has been
      used to study concurrently the release of endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) and the
      electrical responses to stimulation of the ventral or dorsal roots. In
      unstimulated cords, ACh release was high initially and then fell to a plateau
      level. ACh release was reduced by tetrodotoxin and increased by high K+.
      Stimulation of the ventral roots enhanced the ACh release. The magnitude of this
      effect was dependent on the frequency of stimulation and was antagonized by
      tetrodotoxin or C Ca2+-free Ringer. During prolonged ventral root stimulation (50
      min), the evoked ACh release became progressively smaller but was restored to the
      original high levels by the addition of choline to the bath fluid. Stimulation of
      the dorsal roots failed to augment the ACh output. The application of hyoscine
      was followed by a large rise in the unstimulated ACh output. However no increase
      in the antidromically-evoked release, when compared with control stimulations,
      was seen. The application on alpha-bungarotoxin was followed by a short-lasting
      decline in the unstimulated ACh output, whereas the electrically-evoked output
      was unaffected. In the frog spinal cord the determination of ACh release,
      together with the recording of the root potentials, offers the possibility of
      studying the output of a central transmitter in relation to the electrical
      activity of an in vitro central nervous system preparation.

PMID- 1085425
TI  - [Study of frog retino-tectal synapses using a method of recording the summary
      extracellular PSP of the synapses of a single neuron].

PMID- 1085426
TI  - [Voluntary nystagmus in deaf mutes].

PMID- 1085427
TI  - [Examination of the reflexes. (Part II) Superficial reflexes and pathological
      reflexes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085428
TI  - [A clinicopathological study of the cranial "histiocytosis X" (AUTHOR'S TRANSL)].
AB  - A clinicopathological study of 13 cases of cranial histiocytosis X was discussed.
      The patients were mostly infants, and those under 15 years of age numbered eight.
      Hematological, blood chemistrical, and other laboratorical prodedures have
      produced no direct diagnostic value. Radiographically, this lesion in skull
      appeared to be a lytic defect in all cases. Histologically, they were unified by
      a localized or generalized histiocytic proliferation. Eosinophilic cells were
      also found throughout the lesional tissue. There were some slight histological
      variations from case to case, for instance, in the degree of infiltration by
      eosinophilic cells, and the number of the histiocytic cells. However, the basic
      histological pattern remained the same in all cases. The lesion may already have
      extended into the neighboring osseous tissues. Sections of the neighboring
      osseous tissues showed the intertrabecular spaces to be infiltrated by the same
      type of lesion. The patient related trauma to the onset of symptoms in 6 cases,
      but it is true that we know nothing of the etiology of this lesion. The treatment
      of choice is the adequate surgical extirpation. It seems fair to conclude that
      wide surgical excision with postoperative irradiation or with chemotherapy may be
      expected to affect a clinical cure.

PMID- 1085429
TI  - The medial posterior choroidal artery as an indicator of masses at the foramen of
      Monro.
AB  - The angiographic findings in five cases of tumors at the foramen of Monro are
      presented. Characteristic changes in the course and configuration of the medial
      posterior choroidal artery are described.

PMID- 1085430
TI  - B and T lymphocytes in man. III. B, t, and "null" lymphocytes in multiple
      sclerosis.
AB  - T, B, and "null" lymphocytes were determined in peripheral blood obtained from 24
      control subjects and 15 multiple sclerosis patients. The total number of
      lymphocytes and T lymphocytes were reduced significantly in multiple sclerosis
      patients as compared with those of controls. Although the percentage of B
      lymphocytes increased in these patients, the absolute number of B lymphocytes was
      similar to controls. The mitotic response of lymphocytes from multiple sclerosis
      patients to phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen in 7-day-old cultures was
      decreased as compared with that of controls.

PMID- 1085431
TI  - Letter: Discharing ears in Melanesian children.

PMID- 1085433
TI  - Editorial: gastrointestinal endoscopy--present and future.

PMID- 1085432
TI  - Malignant lymphoma and rheumatic symptoms.
AB  - A patient intially thought to have a connective tissue disease, later shown by
      biopsy to have Hodgkin's disease is described. The progress of her illness
      suggests that she is suffering from a connective tissue disease, too, or possibly
      secondary immune complex disease.

PMID- 1085434
TI  - Mandibular histiocytosis X and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
AB  - The occurrence together of two major distinct diseases in the oral area is
      relatively rare. In this report, a case is presented in which histiocytosis X was
      found to develop in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The nature of the
      differentiated histiocytoses is explored, and the possibility of the relationship
      between a lymphoproliferative and a histiocytic disease entity is investigated.

PMID- 1085435
TI  - Evaluation of a rapid beta-lactamase test for detecting ampicillin-resistant
      strains of Hemophilus influenzae type b.
AB  - Chloramphenicol is presently the drug of choice in the initial treatment of
      serious infections due to Hemophilus influenzae type b. Rapid detection of
      ampicillin resistance in clinical isolates would facilitate early discontinuation
      of chloramphenicol therapy in patients infected with ampicillin-sensitive
      bacteria. A total of 160 strains of H. influenzae type b were tested with a one
      hour acidimetric microassay for beta-lactamase activity. All ampicillin-resistant
      strains rapidly hydrolysed the beta-lactam ring of penicillin. When isolates were
      encoded and tested without knowledge of their MICs, the 40 ampicillin-resistant
      strains (MIC greater than or equal to 2 mug/ml) were readily distinguished from
      120 sensitive strains. Rapid beta-lactamase assay is therefore a reliable
      detector of ampicillin resistance in H. influenzae type b.

PMID- 1085436
TI  - Epidemiologic characteristics of infections caused by ampicillin-resistant
      Hemophilus influenzae.
AB  - Hrom February 1974 through May 1975, 58 isolates of ampicillin-resistant
      Hemophilus influenzae from patients were submitted to the Center for Disease
      Control from 23 states and the District of Columbia. The epidemiologic
      characteristics of these widely scattered cases were strikingly similar to those
      of cases previously reported from individual communities or institutions. Because
      of the nationwide distribution of resistant isolates and the adverse consequences
      of ineffective therapy, the use of chloramphenicol is recommended for the initial
      management of systemic illness definitely or probably due to H. influenzae type
      b.

PMID- 1085437
TI  - Asymmetrical displacement current and its relation with the activation of sodium
      current in the membrane of frog myelinated nerve.
AB  - 1. Sodium currents (INa) and asymmetrical displacement currents (ID) were
      measured in the same nerve fibres from Rana esculenta under similar conditions.
      2. For exploring possible kinetic and steady state relations between INa and ID
      the following quantities were compared: (i) the activation of the sodium channels
      and (ii) the charge displacement of ID. 3. The delay of sodium activation
      increased after hyperpolarization. A corresponding effect on the displacement of
      charge was not observed. 4. Upon a small depolarization sodium activation rose
      slower than the displacement of charge, whereas at large depolarizations sodium
      activation reached a steady level before the charge displacement. 5. Upon
      repolarization to various levels between -52 and 12 mV relative to the resting
      potential, the ratio between the time constants of charge displacement and of
      sodium tail current varied between 3 and 1. 6. In the steady state the sodium
      activation was one half at about the same potential as the charge displacement
      but exhibited a clearly steeper voltage dependence. 7. Blocage of sodium channels
      with tetrodotoxin did not affect the asymmetrical displacement current. Replacing
      a part of external Na by tris did not alter the sodijm activation process. 8. The
      results indicate that the asymmetrical displacement of charge may reflect states
      of the gating mechanism in sodium channels but cannot be considered as a
      correlate of the Hodgkin Huxley m variable.

PMID- 1085438
TI  - Saxitoxin and procaine act independently on separate sites of the sodium channel.
AB  - 1. Voltage clamp experiments were done on single myelinated nerve fibres of the
      frog, Rana esculenta. 2. The time course of procaine action (1.0 mM at pH 7.2)
      was obtained from changes in INa on changing solutions during repetitive (1 HZ)
      depolarizing pulses of constant amplitude following hyperpolarizing prepulses.
      The mean half times of onset and offset of procaine block were 3.7 and 28 s,
      respectively. In the presence of 1.4 nM saxitoxin (STX) the corresponding times
      were virtually the same, 3.1 and 27 s. 3. Similarly, the time course of partial
      relief from procaine block that is obtained by increasing the frequency of the
      prepulse-test pulse pairs from 1-10 HZ was unaffected in the presence of STX. 4.
      Comparison of the equilibrium effects of procaine concentrations ranging from
      0.03-1.0 mM suggest a one-to-one drug-receptor reaction. The fraction of Na
      channels blocked at equilibrium with 1.0 mM procaine, 1.4 nM STX, and 1.0 mM
      procaine + 1.4 nM STX was 0.81, 0.49, and 0.90, respectively. This result and the
      kinetic behaviour fully agree with the idea of two separate and independent
      receptors for procaine and STX.

PMID- 1085439
TI  - Studies on the relation between latency relaxation and resting cross-bridges of
      frog skeletal muscle.
AB  - Latency relaxation of frog skeletal muscle (LR) was investigated with respect to
      its relation to resting cross-bridges. A decrease in the initial stiffness of the
      resting muscle (stiffness of the muscle during the beginning of a length-change)
      was found, when repeated triangular length-changes were imposed on the muscle.
      This decrease in the initial stiffness depends on the velocity of the length
      change. It is interpreted that the decrease in the initial stiffness reflects a
      detachment of the resting cross-bridges from their binding-sites. The LR, induced
      immediately after the offset of the length-changes, i.e. when the cross-bridges
      are still detached, showed an increased depth, its time course remaining
      unchanged. There is a strong correlation between the increase in the depth of the
      LR and the decrease in the initial stiffness. The LR regained its original depth
      (depth without a preceding length-change) about 5 s after the offset of the
      length-changes (20 degrees C). It is suggested that the LR of skeletal muscle is
      not due to a detachment of resting cross-bridges.

PMID- 1085440
TI  - Renal test dyes III. Effect of dyes suitable for renal passage time measurements
      on renal function.
AB  - The effects of the triaryl-methane dyes Lissamine Green SF (LF SF). Lissamine
      Green BN (LG BN), Lissamine Green V (LG V) and Kiton Pure Blue V (KPB V) on renal
      functions of rats and on sodium transport across isolated frog skin have been
      investigated. The experiments failed to show any natriuretic or diuretic effects
      of the purified dyes on the rat kidney. In the continuous infusion experiments,
      which lasted 3 1/2 h, the amount of the dye infused was equivalent to a passage
      time measurement every 3 min. In rapid injection experiments LG V was injected
      every 5 min for 1 h. The dyes did not have any effect on insulin clearance
      either. Previously reported effects of the dyes can be partly explained by the
      presence of sodium sulfate in commercially available dyes. Experiments with LG V
      showed that the dye also has no effect on the potential difference or short
      circuit current across the isolated frog skin. This supports their usefulness as
      renal test dyes.

PMID- 1085441
TI  - [Treatment of osteosarcomas].

PMID- 1085442
TI  - [Letter: Prevention of posthemorrhagic encephalopathy in the cirrhotic patient.
      Value of high flow intestinal lavage (preliminary note)].

PMID- 1085443
TI  - Haematemesis.

PMID- 1085444
TI  - Intra-ocular infection.

PMID- 1085445
TI  - Passive transfer of tuberculin sensitivity in sarcoidosis.

PMID- 1085446
TI  - Gastroenterology: a hypothetical case of rectal bleeding; incorporating a
      management self-test.

PMID- 1085447
TI  - Ophthalmic Graves' disease in monozygotic twins.

PMID- 1085448
TI  - Obstetrics-traditional uses of ergot compounds.

PMID- 1085449
TI  - Aplastic anemia: presence in human bone marrow of cells that suppress
      myelopoiesis.
AB  - Bone marrow from a patient with aplastic anemia was shown by multiple criteria to
      have a block in early myeloid differentiation. This block was overcome in vitro
      by elimination of marrow lymphocytes. Furthermore, this differentiation block was
      transferred in vitro to normal marrow by coculturing with the patient's marrow.
      We suggest that some cases of aplastic anemia may be due to an immunologically
      based suppression of marrow cell differentiation rather than to a defect in stem
      cells or their necessary inductive environment.

PMID- 1085450
TI  - Von Willebrand's disease--a potential bleeding problem in plastic surgery.
AB  - Von Willebrand's disease, a common hereditary bleeding disorder, may be
      responsible for undue or unanticipated intraoperative or postoperative
      hemorrhage. The diagnosis may be difficult to establish, although it may be
      suspected clinically and can usually be confirmed by adequate laboratory
      investigation. Patients with Von Willebrand's disease appear to be especially
      susceptible to developing significant prolongation of their bleeding time after
      the ingestion of aspirin.

PMID- 1085451
TI  - Iconic memory.

PMID- 1085453
TI  - Analgesics--the choice.

PMID- 1085452
TI  - Effects of tandamine and pirandamine, new potential antidepressants, on the brain
      uptake of norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine and related activities.
AB  - Two novel agents, tandamine (TA; a thiopyrano (3,4-b) indole) and pirandamine
      (PA; an indeno (2,1-c)pyran), and the tricyclic antidepressants desimipramine
      (DMI), imipramine (I) and amitriptyline (A) were compared in various in vivo
      pharmacological tests and for norepinephrine (NE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)
      neuronal uptake inhibition. TA was found to be equivalent, or greater, in
      activity to DMI in blocking brain NE uptake, antagonizing reserpine-induced
      effects and potentiating the behavioural effects of l-Dopa. Similarly to DMI, TA
      did not appreciably block brain 5-HT uptake; unlike DMI, TA did potentiate
      central 5-HT activity at high doses. PA exerted an opposite profile to TA, being
      equivalent to A and greater than I as a 5-HT uptake blocker and central 5-HT
      potentiator; PA was not effective as a NE uptake blocker or potentiator. Neither
      TA or PA exhibited in vivo MAO inhibition, and in contrast to DMI, I and A,
      exhibited no central anticholinergic effects. TA, but not PA, potentiated
      apomorphine-induced gnawing. These findings indicate that TA is a relatively
      specific blocker of neuronal NE uptake and PA is a selective 5-HT uptake blocker.

PMID- 1085454
TI  - The versatile Mimer III.

PMID- 1085455
TI  - The usefulness of computed tomography during and after radiation therapy in
      patients with brain tumors.
AB  - Two years of experience with 100 patients in the serial study of brain tumors
      during and after radiation therapy has shown that computed tomography is useful
      in (a) depiction of regression or growth of primary and metastatic intracranial
      tumors, (b) recognition of untoward sequelae of radiation therapy, such as
      necrosis and edema, and (c) appreciation of changes in tumor density and
      ventricular size. Representation cases are discussed and illustrated.

PMID- 1085456
TI  - Computed tomography in the evaluation of malignant glioma before and after
      therapy.
AB  - Sixty-three patients with malignant glioma undergoing chemotherapy and
      radiotherapy were evaluated with electroencephalography, 99mTc-DTPA imaging, and
      computed tomography (CT). Tumor size, central lucency, contrast enhancement,
      surrounding edema, and ventricular size were assessed. CT findings were found to
      be reliable and often predicted the clinical course. Tumor size, central lucency,
      and contrast enhancement increased in patients with clinical deterioration and
      decreased in those with improvement. The CT scan also provided additional
      information of value in adjunctive therapy, such as the presence of cysts or
      ventricular obstruction. In general, CT gave a more complete profile of tumor
      characteristics than other diagnostic modalities.

PMID- 1085457
TI  - [Growth and development].

PMID- 1085458
TI  - [Meckel's diverticulum as the cause of digestive hemorrhage. Review of the
      literature apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1085459
TI  - [Critical considerations on the effects of a protease inhibitor].

PMID- 1085460
TI  - [Toward a theory of discernment in psychiatric medico-legal expertise].

PMID- 1085461
TI  - [Clinical and electroencephalographic study of sobbing spasms].

PMID- 1085462
TI  - [Levels of growth hormone, prolactin and insulin in the course of acute
      administration of chlorpromazine (plegomazin) in psychiatric patients].

PMID- 1085463
TI  - [Psychological manifestations in some parasitic diseases].

PMID- 1085464
TI  - [Progressive internal hydrocephalus with late clinical decompensation].

PMID- 1085465
TI  - [Some current data on sudoriparous function in neurological pathology].

PMID- 1085466
TI  - [Transitory cerebral circulatory insufficiency in hemopathies].

PMID- 1085467
TI  - [Studies of the effectiveness of the drug K-1173 in epilepsy].

PMID- 1085468
TI  - [A case of congenital hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery].

PMID- 1085469
TI  - [Cerebral scintiscanning in the diagnosis of neurosurgical diseases].

PMID- 1085470
TI  - [The problem of diagnosis and risk in cases of acrocephaly].

PMID- 1085471
TI  - [Clinical and physiopathological correlations in intracranial hypertension].

PMID- 1085472
TI  - [Edema of the essential type as a symptom of tabes].

PMID- 1085473
TI  - [Disorders of homeostasis in craniocerebral injuries].

PMID- 1085474
TI  - [Ophthalmoscopic changes in patients with acidosic hypercapnic hypoxemia].

PMID- 1085475
TI  - [Delayed-action neuroleptics (sustained-release neuroleptics). Indications,
      advantages and side effects].

PMID- 1085476
TI  - [Clinico-statistical observations on puerperal psychosyndromes].

PMID- 1085477
TI  - [Risks for the offspring when 1 parent has idiopathic epilepsy].

PMID- 1085478
TI  - Air pollution in copenhagen. Part I. Element analysis and size distribution of
      aerosols.
AB  - Aerosols were monitored in Greater Copenhagen in the period June 1973 to July
      1974. Size-fractionated cascade impactor samples and unfractionated filter
      samples were regularly collected and analyzed by neutron activation analysis,
      spark emission spectroscopy or proton-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy.
      Concentrations were determined of the following elements: Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ca,
      Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, and Pb. All elements showed
      orders-of-magnitude fluctuations; the mean concentrations were roughly the same
      as in other large cities. In relation to proposed air quality standards, Pb was
      the most critical component. Statistical analysis of variation patterns, size
      distributions and interelement correlations indicate that automotive exhaust is
      the source of Br and Pb; fuel-oil combustion is the main source of V and Ni (and
      partly of S); soil dust raised by wind or by human activity (e. g. traffic) is
      the main source of Al, Si, Ca, Ti, and Fe.

PMID- 1085479
TI  - [Partial syndrome of cerebello pontine region due to an aneurysm of the internal
      auditory artery (author's transl)].
AB  - An aneurysm of the distal portion of the middle cerebellar artery was first
      clipped and then, given the type of neck, removed. The case is reported because
      of its extreme rarity, the unusual succession of symptoms, the difficulty of
      diagnosing the malformation, (thanks to modern radiological techniques) and the
      successful outcome of surgery.

PMID- 1085480
TI  - On target: vasopressin therapy and nursing care for G.I. bleeding.

PMID- 1085481
TI  - Relief for rheumatic disorders. Part 1: rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1085482
TI  - [Angiographic diagnosis of localized gastro-Intestinal hemorrhage (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Origin and site of gastro-intestinal hemorrhage in 3 cases of acute and 14 cases
      of chronic bleeding are described. In such cases of angiodysplasia other
      investigations and, in some, even repeated operation could not find the origin,
      but angiography succeeded.

PMID- 1085484
TI  - Modification of the response of human T lymphocytes to phytomitogens by
      cocultivation with unresponsive non-T leukocytes.
AB  - Experiments were conducted to ascertain to what extent the mitogen response of
      human peripheral T cells is influenced by contaminated, nonresponding leukocytes.
      T- and B-lymphocyte preparations, extensively depleted of monocytes, exhibited
      extremely poor responses to pokeweed mitogen and concanavalin A compared with the
      original unfractionated cell population. A strongly reduced phytohemagglutinin
      response was noted in the B-cell but not in the T-cell fraction. Mixtures of cell
      preparations enriched in T or B cells yielded stimulations higher than expected.
      Mitomycin-C-treated T-cell preparations mixed with untreated preparations
      enriched in B cells gave slightly higher responses than expected. However, highly
      enhanced responses were observed when untreated T cells were mixed with mitomycin
      treated cell suspensions enriched in B cells. A similar enhancing effect was
      noted when mitomycin-treated cell suspensions enriched in adherent cells were
      added. It is concluded that the mitogen reactivity of T cells, on a cell-for-cell
      basis, may be enhanced tenfold or more by cocultivation with unresponsive non-T
      leukocytes. A reduced mitogen reactivity of peripheral lymphoid cells from
      patients with various types of disease may thus either reflect a decreased
      proportion of responsive lymphocytes or unresponsive non-T lymphocytes capable of
      enhancing mitogen reactivity, or both.

PMID- 1085485
TI  - Binding of IgM by human T lymphocytes.
AB  - Ox erythrocytes, sensitized with IgM-type rabbit antibodies, were found to form
      rosettes with human blood lymphocytes. Granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages
      appeared to lack this property. The rosette formation could be inhibited with
      human IgM and its Fc fragments. IgM-binding lymphocytes were also present in cell
      suspensions isolated from human tonsils and thymuses and among blood lymphocytes
      cultured in vitro. The outcome of combined marker tests and cell separation
      experiments disclosed that the rosetting lymphocytes belong to the T-lymphocyte
      population.

PMID- 1085486
TI  - Characterization of dextran-sulfate-sensitive cells.
AB  - The cell type participating in the mitotic response to the polyclonal B-cell
      activator (PBA) dextran-sulfate (DS) was investigated. Cells from murine fetal
      liver, adult bone marrow, and spleen were studied; only a limited number of all
      cells present in each organ responded to DS. Morphological studies of the
      activated cells showed the major population of activated cells in spleen to have
      the appearance of lymphoblasts. In bone marrow, several classes of hematopoietic
      cells were mitotically active, including mononuclear cells (lymphoblasts and
      monocytes), megakaryocytes, and myeloblasts. In these cultures, however, it was
      not possible to differentiate between DS-activated and spontaneously
      proliferating cells. Bone marrow and, to some extent, spleen cell cultures
      activated with DS contained a relative increase in numbers of phagocytic cells,
      whereas stimulation of spleen cells with lipopolysaccharide did not result in an
      increased phagocytosis. However, adherent cells were not necessary for activation
      of DNA synthesis by DS in spleen, and this cell type did not contribute to a
      measurable degree to the DNA synthetical response. DS cannot be regarded as a
      general stem cell mitogen for bone marrow cells since it failed to promote colony
      growth of hematopoietic cells in an in vitro system. However, supernatants from
      DS-activated spleen and bone marrow cell cultures did stimulate colony growth of
      murine bone marrow cells, indicating that stem cells of nonlymphoid origin might
      be indirectly activated by DS. In conclusion, the major cell population activated
      by DS in spleen is lymphocytes. In bone marrow, other cell types seem to
      participate in the response as well, but the activation mechanism may be indirect
      and not primarily the result of DS interaction with these cells.

PMID- 1085487
TI  - Off-signals in lymphocyte activation.
AB  - High-dose unresponsiveness to concanavalin A affected T and B lymphocytes
      equally, although only T cells were activated by Con A. Thus, activation and
      inactivation signals are totally unrelated, the latter also lacking target cell
      specificity. The off-signal caused cell death and is probably biologically
      unimportant.

PMID- 1085488
TI  - Specific and nonspecific cooperation between M-locus-incompatible T and B cells
      during adoptive anti-hapten antibody responses in mice.
AB  - CBA and AKR mice are identical at the major histocompatibility locus (H-2) but
      differ at the strong, non-H-2, mixed leukocyte culture (MLC)-stimulating M-locus.
      Adoptive secondary in vivo antibody responses using immune spleen cells from mice
      of these strains demonstrate two interesting findings. One is a non-specific
      augmentation of the anti-hapten antibody response of CBA B cells by AKR T cells.
      This allogeneic effect is unidirectional in the same sense as the MLC between
      cells from these two strains. The second is that, despite an ongoing allogeneic
      effect, M-locus-incompatible T and B cells show strong specific cooperation.
      Thus, it seems unlikely that the failure of H-2-incompatible T and B cells to
      collaborate specifically is due to inhibitory allogenic reactions.

PMID- 1085489
TI  - Medical records in family practice. A review.
AB  - The organisation of general practice in England is outlined and the independent
      contractor basis of the family practioner emphasised. Data from family practice,
      like data from hospital practice, may be used for clinical management, practice
      management, or research. Examples of applications in each of these fields are
      given. The basic records used in family practice--the medical record envelope,
      the prescription form and the claim for sickness benefit--are described. Some
      practices record morbidity (E Book or Diagnostic Index), some record
      systematically details of their activities (L Book or Activities Ledger) and some
      maintain age and sex registers and other registers of their patients; all these
      developments are outlined. Attention is drawn to the introduction of problem
      orientated records and to the use of computers in family practice, but these
      innovations are not discussed. Outstanding issues are the same as those in
      hospital record systems--accuracy, definitions, coverage, confidentiality,
      clerical support and costs, and the use made of the information.

PMID- 1085490
TI  - Multiple sclerosis and high incidence of a B lymphocyte antigen.
AB  - Multiple sclerosis patients were tested for six new antigens present on human B
      lymphocytes. The group 4 specificity occurred in 83.9% of the 56 patients as
      compared to 32.5 percent in 72 healthy controls (P less than .003). The
      antiserums defining the five other B lymphocyte specificities reacted at a lower
      frequency to B cells from multiple sclerosis patients, showing that increased
      reactivity to group 4 antiserum was specific. Linkage of a hypothesized multiple
      sclerosis susceptibility gene with certain haplotypes of HLA-A3, HLA-B7 HLA-DW2,
      and the new B group 4 can be inferred.

PMID- 1085491
TI  - [Iatrogenic pathology in rheumatology].

PMID- 1085493
TI  - [Massive hemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1085492
TI  - Aneurysms of the hepatic artery.
AB  - Aneurysms of the hepatic artery are rare and, when symptomatic, they may present
      a triad of upper abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, and obstructive
      jaundice. Asymptomatic and unsuspected aneurysms are demonstrated occasionally by
      abdominal arteriography or are encountered infrequently during abdominal
      operation for an unrelated disease. Hepatic artery aneurysms have great potential
      for rupture with bleeding into the peritioneal cavity, the common bile duct, or
      an adjacent hollow viscus. Morbidity and mortality with a ruptured aneurysm are
      high, and aggressive and imaginative operative therapy is required. Patients with
      an asymptomatic aneurysm should have operation to prevent subsequent rupture and
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 1085494
TI  - Lasiodiplodia theobromae as a cause of keratomycoses.
AB  - Four cases of human keratitis caused by the tropical fungus Lasiodiplodia
      theobromae have been encountered in Miami, Florida bringing to 8 the number of
      cases reported in the world literature. Two of the ulcers were mild. Three
      patients recovered without severe impairment of vision after topical polyene
      treatment, but 1 patient with a severe ulcer required therapeutic keratoplasty
      after 11 days of topical natamycin. Histopathology revealed fungus deep in the
      cornea, invading Descemet's membrane. L. theobromae appeared to have collagenase
      activity in vitro. Inoculation of L. theobromae into the corneas of rabbits
      produced progressive ulcers. The fungus was endemic in Miami on home grown and
      imported bananas. Polyene antimycotic antibiotics were fungicidal for L.
      theobromae in vitro. Thiabendazole was effectively fungistatic but varied in
      fungicidal effect. Clotrimazole and miconazole were only incompletely
      fungistatic. Of 7 strains of L. theobromae tested, 4 were relatively resistant to
      5-flurocytosine.

PMID- 1085495
TI  - Experience with jejunoileal bypass for obesity.
AB  - Fifty-eight patients less than 30 years old but who are more than 300 pounds in
      weight were considered for investigation of jejunoileal bypass. Thirty patients
      had operations, and the functioning bypass included 40 centimeters of jejunum and
      10 centimeters of ileum. In 14 patients, intestinal continuity was restored by
      either end-to-end or end-to-side anastomosis according to random choice, and in
      16 patients, end-to-end anastomoses were used. At present, the follow-up period
      is one to four years, and the weight loss, so far, has not been significantly
      related to the type of reconstruction used. Weight loss correlated possitively
      with the preoperative weights up to one year after operation. Also, weight loss
      correlated positively with the total measured length of the small intestine
      during the first six postoperative months, but this correlation currently is
      showing a trend toward negativity. Food intake decreased by 2,682+/-690 calories
      per day at six months after operation as a result of the bypass. Chronic acidosis
      was common. Results of an endocrine evaluation revealed an unexpected significant
      decrease in parathormone levels within the normal range. A new complication,
      colonic pseudo-obstruction, has occurred one year or more after operation in five
      patients or 17 per cent of our group. This complication is related to the
      intestinal anaerobic flora in proximity of the defunctionalized limb; its
      symptoms and signs can be alleviated by giving antibiotics or Lactobacillus to
      change the intestinal flora. Although 90 per cent of our patients are pleased
      with their progress and the results of routine evaluation corroborate their
      satisfaction, detailed analysis of the research data available to us revealed
      that only 43 per cent have had beneficial effects from a jejunoileal bypass
      without any of the serious sequelae. We consider jejunoileal bypass for obesity
      justified when carried out by interdisciplinary groups dedicated to the long term
      follow-up study of the patient and periodic reporting of the results. The long
      term future for the operation is, as yet, not completely understood, and when the
      conditions we have recommended are not present, we cannot currently endorse the
      operation.

PMID- 1085496
TI  - [Test for occult bleeding from the colon].

PMID- 1085497
TI  - [The syndrome of unstable angina justifying an urgent coronary arteriography
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085498
TI  - Immunologic studies in von Willebrand's disease: alteration of factor VIII/von
      Willebrand protein after transfusion with plasma concentrates in patients with
      von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - Two patients with a severe von Willebrand's disease characterized by no
      detectable factor VIII related antigen in their plasma received transfusions of
      cryoprecipitate. The bleeding time was corrected for a short period of time and
      returned to its pretransfusional value although the other parameters of the
      disease were still corrected. Electrophoretic and immunologic properties of
      factor VIII related antigen infused were determined serially after transfusion.
      Modifications of these properties occurred progressively after transfusion. The
      half disappearance time of F. VIII R.A. was determined and found to be
      considerably shorter than in hemophilic recipients. This study suggests an
      alteration in vivo of F. VIII R.A. infused into von Willebrand recipients.

PMID- 1085499
TI  - The platelet-endothelial cell--VIII axis.
AB  - Cultured human endothelial cells synthesize and secrete a protein(s) which has
      factor VIII antigen and von Willebrand factor activity. Subcellular membrane and
      granule fractions derived from human platelets also contain the factor VIII
      antigen and von Willebrand factor activity. Circulating platelets constitute a
      significant reservoir of VIII antigen containing approximately 15% of the amount
      present in platelet poor plasma. Thus normal platelets contain surface bound as
      well as intracellularly stored von Willebrand factor, a protein synthesized by
      endothelial cells which is required for normal platelet function.

PMID- 1085500
TI  - Importance of protease inhibition in studies on purified factor VIII
      (antihaemophilic factor).
AB  - According to some authors factor VIII procoagulant activity may be dissociable
      from carrier protein (MW approximately 2 X 10(6) by agarose gel filtration, e.g.
      at high ionic strength. We were able to reproduce this phenomenon. However,
      addition of protease inhibitor (Trasylol) prevented the appearance of low
      molecular weight peak of factor VIII procoagulant activity both at high ionic
      strength and elevated temperature (37 degrees C). We conclude from our results
      that procoagulant activity and carrier protein (von Willebrand factor, factor
      VIII antigen) are closely associated functional sites of native factor VIII
      macromolecule. Consequently, proteolytic degradation should be avoided in
      functional and structural studies on factor VIII and especially in preparing
      factor VIII concentrate for therapeutic use.

PMID- 1085501
TI  - [Acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage: etiology, prognostic factors and course in 90
      patients treated in an intensive care unit].

PMID- 1085502
TI  - Induction of cytotoxic lymphocytes directed against public alloantigens.
AB  - The response of H-2k lymphocytes to in vitro stimulation by H-2b and HI2d spleen
      cells has been monitored for the production of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CL). Using
      cells from H-2b strains CL which were capable of lysing both H-2b and H-2d target
      cells (TC) were generated. These results, together with competitive inhibitor
      studies of the cytotoxic activity against H-2d TC, demonstrated that T
      lymphocytes can respond to both public and private alloantigens of the H-2
      complex. When H-2d cells were used for stimulation two of the three strains
      tested induced CL with cytotoxic activity towards both H-2d and H-2b TC. These
      observations indicate that the T cell response to alloantigen, leading to the
      production of cytotoxic lymphocytes, can be multicomponent like the established B
      cell response and can be expected to be subject to as much phenotypic variation.
      The full complexity may only be revealed by examing a number of combinations of
      stimulating strains, methods of stimulation and different kinds of target cells.

PMID- 1085503
TI  - Colony-forming cells in culture and colony-stimulating activity of the urine and
      the serum in a case of cyclic neutropenia.
AB  - A 22-year-old female with cyclic neutropenia was studied. Her bone marrow cells
      showed high colony-forming activity in soft agar through the cycle, though there
      were slight fluctuations in the number and the shape of colonies. On the other
      hand, the peak of urinary colong-stimulating activity (CSA) occurred at the
      neutropenic stage. The dialyzed serum showed two peaks of CSA, i.e., at the peak
      and the valley of the neutrophil count, although the undialyzed serum showed only
      one peak at the neutroenic stage. It is suggested on the basis of these data that
      humoral factors may play a role in maintaining the neutrophil cycle.

PMID- 1085504
TI  - Alpha1-antichymotrypsin in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Serum alpha1-antichymotrypsin (alpha1-ACT) of the patient with rheumatoid
      arthritis was studied by means of single radial immunodiffusion method. There was
      a significant elevation of the alpha1-ACT concentration in the patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis, and positive relationships were observed between the
      concentrations of alpha1-ACT and of other glycoproteins such as alpha1-acid
      glycoprotein and alpha1-antitrypsin in individual patients, and between C
      reactive protein (CRP) rates and the (CRP) rates and the alpha1-ACT
      concentrations in individual specimens. These facts suggest that alpha1-ACT
      belongs to a group of acute phase proteins like alpha1-antitrypsin or CRP. An
      inverse proportional correlation was revealed between alpha1-ACT and fibrinolytic
      activity. No influences were observed on the alpha1-ACT concentration, activity
      index or articular index by the oral administration of alpha-chymotrypsin in
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1085505
TI  - A neurotoxic component of the venom from Blanding's tree snake (Boiga blandingi).

PMID- 1085506
TI  - [The stomatological care of hemophiliacs].

PMID- 1085507
TI  - Cerebellar hemorrhage: reliability of clinical evaluation.
AB  - Surgery without confirmatory radiological contrast studies has been advocated in
      patients suspected of having a cerebellar hemorrhage. To determine the
      reliabiligy of the clinical evaluation, records were reviewed of 33 patients in
      whom the diagnosis of cerebellar hemorrhage was initially suspected or
      subsequently confirmed. In 13 patients the correct diagnosis had been made
      initially by clinical evaluation, but in ten patients the correct diagnosis was
      not suspected at the initial evaluation. The remaining ten patients had typical
      backgrounds, symptoms, and signs of a spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage, but
      radiological contrast studies and clinical observation indicated that other
      neurological lesions were responsible. Thus, utilizing solely the clinical
      evaluation, the diagnosis of cerebellar hemorrhage may be made only with
      difficulty and not with the certainty required for emergency surgery.

PMID- 1085508
TI  - Acute gastric changes in patients with acute stroke. Part 1: with reference to
      gastroendoscopic findings.
AB  - A gastroendoscopic study was performed on 177 patients with acute stroke. Gastric
      changes were found in 92 among them (52%), including ten with acute ulcer. A high
      frequency of gastric changes was found in patients with serious stroke and/or in
      patients whose cerebral lesions were located close to the hypothalamus or its
      centrifugal tract. The mortality in patients with gastric changes was high,
      especially in patients with acute ulcers, multiple erosions and petechiae. The
      frequency of brown gastric juice and coffee grounds at gastroendoscopic
      examination (gastric hemorrhage) was three times as high as that of melena and/or
      hematoemesis. On the other hand, the mortality of patients with gastric
      hemorrhage differed little from that of patients with melena and/or hematoemesis.

PMID- 1085509
TI  - Drug effects on the fine structure of Trypanosoma rhodesiense: puromycin and its
      aminonucleoside, Cordycepin and Nucleocidin.
AB  - The effects of four trypanocidal adenine nucleosides on the fine structure of a
      monomorphic strain of Trypanosoma rhodesiense have been examined. All four drugs,
      Puromycin and its aminonucleoside, Cordycepin and Nucleocidin, induced electron
      lucent cytoplasmic clefts in the cytoplasm, which were generally acicular or
      spindle-shaped, with long axes lying in any direction. The clefts had an intimate
      relationship with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The drugs also produced
      excessive lysosomal vacuolation, and two, Cordycepin and Nucleocidin, caused
      nucleolar fragmentation and probable segregation, indicative of interference with
      RNA synthesis. The significance of the lesions is discussed in relation to known
      properties of adenine nucleoside drugs.

PMID- 1085510
TI  - [A pharmacological study on the possible nature of the cholinergic receptor of
      the frog ventricles].

PMID- 1085511
TI  - Cone dysfunctions in man.

PMID- 1085512
TI  - Progressive human cone-rod dysfunction (dystrophy).
AB  - The author has classified progressive human cone-rod dysfunction into primary and
      secondary types. The primary type, identified by early ERG cone and usually also
      rod abnormalities, was further subdivided into types 1 and 2 based on, amoung
      other distinguishing characteristics, the extent of associated retinal pigment
      epithelial defects. Secondary cone-rod dysfunction apparently results from
      disease initially affecting the retinal pigment epithelium. Initially normal ERG
      findings and the presence of flecks characterize this (type 3) progressive cone
      rod dysfunction.

PMID- 1085513
TI  - Hemeralopia in dogs.

PMID- 1085514
TI  - In vitro study of fate mapping of the mouse otocyst.

PMID- 1085515
TI  - [Ectopic pregnancy complicated by profuse hemorrhage].

PMID- 1085516
TI  - [Surgical treatment of portal hypertension].

PMID- 1085517
TI  - [Relaparotomy in acute hemorrhage after operations on the abdominal organs].
AB  - In the paper, an analysis of acute postoperative hemorrhages in 30 patients after
      operations on the abdomen is presented. In these patients 42 relaparatomies have
      been performed with lethal issues in 16.7%. The causes of this complication are
      analysed, and recommendations how to prevent them are given.

PMID- 1085518
TI  - [Retrograde mammary-coronary anastomosis and its place among other methods of
      myocardial revascularization].
AB  - Under consideration is a special kind of mammary-coronary anastomosis--a
      retrograde mammary-coronary anastomosis, first suggested by the authors. An
      anteretrograde mammary-coronary anastomosis was performed in 104 patients, a
      retrograde one--in 6. The use of a retrograde mammary-coronary anastomosis
      yielded favourable results, which in some cases are remained for 4-5 years.

PMID- 1085519
TI  - [Rare cause of profuse gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1085520
TI  - Feline neurology.

PMID- 1085522
TI  - Analysis by spectral difference of the orientational change of the rhodopsin
      chromophore during bleaching.

PMID- 1085521
TI  - [Immune response of the chicks from immune layers vaccinated at 1 and 4 days of
      age against Newcastle disease].
AB  - The study of antihemagglutinins in day-old chicks revealed the presence of
      congenital antibodies against the Newcastle disease virus, having an average
      geometric titer of lg2 7.9. In the vaccinated 1,500 chicks on the first and
      fourth day with a La Sota vaccine there was four days later a drop in the
      antibody titer. Then again a rise in the antibody titer was noted that reached on
      the 14th day an average geometric value of lg2 7.6 which remained unchanged up to
      the 40th day. The antihemagglutination titers in the untreated chicks on the 40th
      day of age dropped to lg2 1.8. As many as 70 per cent of the control chicks died
      at challenging on the 24th day of age, while all of the treated birds (100 per
      cent) were given protection through vaccination by the spray method or ocularly
      and nasally, withstanding challenge on the 20th and 24th day following treatment.

PMID- 1085523
TI  - Red-green blindness confined to one eye.

PMID- 1085524
TI  - A schematic dioptric apparatus for the frog's eye (Rana esculenta).

PMID- 1085525
TI  - The action of hydroxylamine on visual pigments in the intact retina of the frog
      (Rana temporaria).

PMID- 1085526
TI  - A red-green anomloscope using light emitting diodes.

PMID- 1085527
TI  - Inpatient health facilities as reported from the 1973 MFI survey.

PMID- 1085528
TI  - [Characteristics of the course and treatment of rheumatism in young people].

PMID- 1085529
TI  - [Prevention of rheumatism].

PMID- 1085530
TI  - [The treatment of traumatic brain edema].

PMID- 1085531
TI  - [Quantitative determination of alpha1-antitrypsin in lung tissue from adults with
      emphysema and newborns with respiratory-distress-syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - In a small number of patients, lung emphysema can be attributed to a remarkable
      deficiency of alpha1-antitrypsin. Concentrations reduced about 50% of the normal
      value represent a predisposing factor. In most cases of newborns with respiratory
      distress-syndrome the concentration of alpha1-antitrypsin is decreased. Its
      determination can be used for the early diagnosis of the respiratory-distress
      syndrome.

PMID- 1085532
TI  - [Quantitative determination of blood loss by means of 51 Cr-labeled erythrocytes
      in occult hemorrhages of the gastrointestinal tract].
AB  - By means of 51 Cr-labelled erythrocytes the stools of 17 patients were examined
      for occult admixtures of blood. Hereby a method well suited for routine work was
      developed, the manipulations with stool were reduced to a minimum measure. As
      measuring device an animal total body counter was used. The average excretion of
      blood in persons without diseases of the gastro-intestinal tract was 0.49+/- 0.38
      ml/d. In three patients a haemorrhage could be proved. The quantitative
      determination of blood losses through the intestine is diagnostically valuable.
      It is useful particularly in unclear iron deficiency anaemis. A combination of
      the method with the determination of the survival time of erythrocytes is
      possible.

PMID- 1085533
TI  - [Behavior of thymus-arised lymphatic cells in the peripheral blood in acute
      leukoses].
AB  - On the basis of their ability of the spontaneous formation of rosettes by
      unsensibilised sheep erythrocytes the proportion of thymic lymphatic cells in 7
      acute and 3 chronic lymphatic leukaemias was determined. Further observations on
      the content of T-cells in the peripheral blood were performed in leukoses,
      whereby the remission was begun with prednisone and cytostatics, under the immune
      stimulation with BCG during the remission and in 3 children with
      lymphogranulomatosis before and after splenectomy. The results of the acute stage
      of leucosis refer to the possibility of a prognostic evidence with the
      subclassification of the ALL. The T-cell-leukaemias revealed a particularly
      unfavourable course of disease. Cytochemically they were acute lymphatic
      leukaemias of undifferentiated type. In leucoses with smaller proportion of T
      cells the blasts above all revealed a granular PAS-reaction.

PMID- 1085534
TI  - [The antithrombotic treatment and prevention of recurrence with acetylsalicylic
      acid in myocardial infarct].
AB  - A comparison of the therapy, especially of the long-term recidivation prophylaxis
      of the myocardial infarction with acetyl salicylic acid and anticoagulants, on
      the basis of 314 observations allows of the following opinions: By means of the
      thrombocyte aggregation inhibitor acetyl salicylic acid an antithrombotic therapy
      and recidivation prophylaxis of good value can be performed. The application of
      acetyl salicylic acid is, concerning the course of the disease after the onset of
      the infarction and the frequency of recidivation, adequate to the treatment with
      classical anticoagulants. The practical performance of the long-term therapy with
      acetyl salicylic acid is significantly simplified for physician and patient
      compared with the application of anticoagulants. The daily dose lies uniformly at
      1.5 g. There is no fear of acute haemorrhagic complications. As control only the
      occasional establishment of the Hb-value as well as of the time of haemorrhage is
      indicated. The only, however, very decisive disadvantage of the acetyl salicylic
      acid, the bad compatibility for the stomach, is certainly not abolished with the
      new drug "Micristin", but much diminished.

PMID- 1085535
TI  - [Studies on the frequency and diagnostic value of hepatomegaly].
AB  - In 4 groups of patients (I = 1 621 internistic in-patients, II = 2 073 donors
      with increased SGPT-values, III = 2 619 after-examined patients with hepatitis,
      IV = 514 patients of a sanatorium for liver diseases) frequency and diagnostic
      validity of the symptom enlargement of the liver are tested. The most frequent
      cause of hepatomegalia is in group I an insufficiency of the right heart. The
      highest percentage, however, is to be found in liver diseases, then come heart
      insufficiency, diseases of stomach and gall-bladder, diabetes, rheumatic
      diseases. In these diseases liver biopsy detects additional changes in many
      cases. The validity test in the 4 groups yields very different results, dependent
      on the number of patients and the diagnostic questioning. The symptom
      hepatomegalia cannot be used as a screening test, but it is of high diagnostic
      value in the clinical diagnostics.

PMID- 1085536
TI  - [Prerequisites and possibilities of immunotherapy in acute leukemias].
AB  - Nowadays there are references that immuno-reactions of patients with carcinoma
      against tumour-associated antigens are of essential significance for the
      development and progressing of tumours. Also the frequent appearance of neoplasms
      in primary immunodeficiency syndromes indicates this fact. Also in human
      leukaemias there exist leukaemia-associated antigens. Humoral as well as cell
      bound immunoreactions may be proved. Possibly leukaemia-associated
      immunoglobulins are blocking factors which prevent the cellular immunoreactions
      against leukaemia-associated membrane antigens. The presence of specific
      reactions against antigens on leukaemia-cells was the condition for a successful
      immunotherapy. Despite many theoretical possibilities the immunotherapy in the
      clinic at present restricts to the BCG-vaccination and to the application of
      living or irradiated leukaemia-cells. The hitherto reported results are
      encouraging.

PMID- 1085537
TI  - [Endoscopy of postoperative hemorrhage in the upper gastrointestinal tract].
AB  - In hemorrhages from the upper gastrointestinal tract, emergency endoscopy is
      becoming more and more significant. Hemorrhages during the early postoperative
      stage, particularly in abdominal surgery, require particular attention due to the
      generally difficult postoperative situation. In most instances, intragastral
      hemorrhages are due to erosions and anastomotic bleeding. A detailed knowledge of
      the surgery performed may contribute to a quick and successful examination. Among
      the most important premises for a high rate of correct diagnoses are the
      experience of the examining physician as well as an early or immediate
      identification of the indications. In addition to the diagnostic significance,
      under favorable circumstances endoscopy makes possible definitive or temporary
      staunching of the bleeding by means of diathermy, laser beam or sclerotization.

PMID- 1085538
TI  - [Abdominal roetgen diagnosis in intensive care patients].
AB  - Following the discussion on special clinical issues with respect to patients in
      surgical and internal intensive care wards, technology and special methods used
      in conventional thorax and abdominal X-rays are elaborated on. The wide range of
      information obtained through large spectrum abdominal X-rays taken in the
      ventrodorsal direction with the patient lying on the left side is stressed. Small
      quantities of free air are visualized better in this position than in the upright
      one. The importance of additional X-rays of thorax and epigatrium in a seated
      position is accented. Subject of discussion is also the indication for
      visualizing by contrast medium and the selection of a contrast medium with due
      consideration of clinical criteria. The urgent need of an X-ray diagnosis in such
      a group of patients requires high standards in terms of techniques and methods
      used for examination--something that lies within the realm of the radiologist.
      Close cooperation with the attending team of physicians is a must if optimum
      interpretation of the X-rays is to be guaranteed.

PMID- 1085539
TI  - [Proceedings: Our procedure for acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1085540
TI  - [Proceedings: Diagnostic problems in acute intestinal hemorrhages form tumors of
      the small intestine and Meckel's diverticulum].

PMID- 1085541
TI  - [Studies on the reactivity of T-lymphocytes in chronic lymphoid leukemia].

PMID- 1085542
TI  - Reversed saphenous vein with proximal attachment of free radial artery segments -
      a new approach to coronary revascularization.

PMID- 1085543
TI  - Bypass to anterior descending coronary artery in patients with aneurysm or
      scarring of left ventricle.
AB  - Fifteen cases who have had myocardial infarction with aneurysm formation or
      severe scarring of the left ventricle as a result of occlusion of left anterior
      descending coronary artery are presented. Bypass to left anterior descending
      coronary artery using internal mammary artery or saphenous vein was done in all
      of these patients. Ten of these had plication or excision of the left ventricular
      aneurysm. All of them survived the operation and are doing well. Early results in
      this series of patients indicate that left anterior descending coronary artery
      bypass in these patients is of great value by allowing perfusion to patent
      brances of left anterior descending coronary artery.

PMID- 1085544
TI  - Left main coronary artery disease: risk of angiography and surgery.

PMID- 1085545
TI  - [Unusual errosion hemorrhage due to pancreatic lithiasis].

PMID- 1085546
TI  - [Diagnostic errors in carcinoma of the large intestine].

PMID- 1085547
TI  - [Complications of diverticulosis].

PMID- 1085548
TI  - [Cross-sectional studies on the distribution of resistant bacteria in animals in
      1974].

PMID- 1085549
TI  - [Mechanism of the effect of sera from rats subjected to high external temperature
      on rosette formation by splenic lymphocytes from non-immune animals].
AB  - Serum of rats subjected to the action of moderately high external temperature
      increased the immunogenicity of heterologous erythrocytes, but became inactive at
      a temperature of 2 degrees C and after the treatment with a polyvalent proteinase
      inhibitor--trasilol. Incubation of sheep erythrocytes with the serum of heated
      rats intensified the reaction of rosette formation by the lymphocytes of the
      spleen of intact rats. Incubation of the spleen cells with the sera of intact and
      heated rats failed to influence the rosette formation. After trasilol treatment
      the serum of heated rats completely lost the property to intensify the reaction
      of rosette formation. Phenomenon of intensification of rosette formation was
      revealed in case of treatment of erythrocytes with the sera at a temperature of
      37 degrees C and was not reproduced at a temperature of 2 degrees C.
      Investigations carried out indicated that the increase in the immunogenicity of
      sheep erythrocytes and the intensification of their binding with the lymphocyte
      receptors of intact rats under the effect of the serum of heated animals were
      caused by the action of the same factor.

PMID- 1085550
TI  - [Perforation of the interventricular septum, a complication of myocardial
      infarct].
AB  - The authors report nine surgical attempts in ventricular septal rupture following
      myocardial infarction and compare their experience with data from the literature.
      Two of the three long-term successes have been obtained by the association of
      infarcectomy and myocardial revascularisation to the repair of the septal
      rupture.

PMID- 1085551
TI  - [Cardio-respiratory assistance with the extracorporeal membrane oxygenator for
      massive pulmonary embolism].
AB  - A 39 year old pneumectomized patient presents a massive pulmonary embolism, dies
      within 3 hours and is supported inefficiently by cardiac massage with recurrent
      mydriasis during 2 hours. At that time, under extracorporeal cardiopulmonary
      bypass with a membrane oxygenator, the cardiac activity recovers immediatly due
      to right decompression and coronary perfusion. The patient is conscious within 5
      hours. The cardiopulmonary bypass with a membrane oxygenator appears to be the
      best therapy when the cardiac massage fails to restitute a normal myocardial
      function. No embolectomy was performed. The patient died when the bypass was
      stopped after 48 hours. We conclude that the prolonged peripheral extracorporeal
      bypass followed by embolectomy is the best therapy of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1085552
TI  - Single right ventricle (double-inlet right ventricle). A pathological specimen
      with comments on embryology.
AB  - This paper describes a pathological specimen of double-inlet right ventricle in
      which no remains of a hypoplastic left ventricle were found. An ontogenetic
      explanation of the malformation is presented based on the development of the
      normal human embryos. This case may be an example of exaggerated displacement of
      the atrioventricular canal towards the bulbus cordis in which the left
      ventricular cavity is extremely hypoplastic or aplastic and is not recognizable.
      The concept of early and late displacement is introduced.

PMID- 1085553
TI  - [Complete atrioventricular block in bacterial endocarditis].
AB  - A case of bacterial endocarditis complicated by complete auriculoventricular
      block is reported. The pathological findings and data from previously reported
      cases point to the fact that this complication is generally indication of very
      extensive cardiac and valvular damage. Surgery, although dangerous, should be
      attempted in the circumstances.

PMID- 1085554
TI  - Scanning electron microscopic study of peripheral blood lymphocytes, thymic cells
      and acute lymphoblastic leukemic cells in children.

PMID- 1085555
TI  - Cilia-forming potentials of endocrine organs originating from the foregut.
AB  - Cilia were found in intracellular localizations or on the surface of certain
      cells of frog thymus and chicken parathyroid gland and ultimobranchial body. The
      experimental observations suggest that ciliogenesis is probably a general
      property of branchiogenic epithelium, which either persists, or can be activated
      by certain influences after the functional differentiation of endocrine organs
      arising from the foregut.

PMID- 1085556
TI  - Ampicllin sensitivity and biotypes of recent Danish isolates of Haemophilus
      influenzae.
AB  - Among 148 strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated in 1975 from different
      localities in Denmark, none was found to be resistant to ampicillin. A majority
      of the strains belonged to biotypes I, II and III and the presence of a partial
      correlation between biotype and origin was confirmed.

PMID- 1085557
TI  - The relationship between pregnancy, HCS and B lymphocytes.
AB  - The quantitative distribution of the lymphocyte subpopulations (B, T and null)
      and the serum concentrations of Human Chorionic Somatomammotropin (HCS),
      immunoglobulins IgG, IgM and IgA, complement component C4 and C1 inactivator,
      were estimated in venous blood samples from 32 women at various stages of
      pregnancy and compared with a control series of 7 non-pregnant normal women. A
      significant decline in the B cell percentage during pregnancy was seen. The fall
      in the percentage of the B lymphocytes was found to be concomitant with the rise
      in HCS concentration. No significant changes in the other parameters studied were
      present.

PMID- 1085558
TI  - Intracranial pressure during ventriculography using meglumine iothalamate.
AB  - A small increase in ventricular fluid pressure (1.3 +/- 0.3 mm Hg) occurs on
      isovolumetic addition of meglumine iothalamate to the lateral ventricle. A marked
      increase (46.3 +/- 3.2 mm Hg: P less than 0.001) in pressure occurs on passage of
      the contrast medium into the posterior part of the third ventricle; the aqueduct
      and the fourth ventricle. Theoretical mechanisms are discussed.

PMID- 1085559
TI  - The structure of the rhombencephalic roof in the frog.
AB  - The structure of the rhombencephalic roof has been studied by serial section
      histology in 12 adult frogs, 3 recently metamorphosed frogs and 8 tadpoles of the
      species Rana temporaria. The roof of the rhombencephalon caudal to the choroid
      plexus consists of a delicate layer of ependyma which appears to be intact from
      the time of its development in the tadpole until the stage of metamorphosis. In
      the adult frog it is an attenuated structure displaying variable deficiencies
      with an apparent communication between the rhombencephalic ventricle and the
      surrounding subarachnoid space. The significance of this acquired communication
      between internal and external cerebrospinal fluid compartments in the adult frog
      is discussed in relationship to the classical concepts of bulk flow of the CSF in
      humans. Some of the limitations of these classical concepts are also discussed,
      and the approach to these problems by studying the comparative morphology of the
      CSF system in vertebrate animals is justified.

PMID- 1085560
TI  - Multidisciplinary rounds in practice.

PMID- 1085561
TI  - Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia. Immunohistologic and
      ultrastructural studies.
AB  - Immunoblasts of the B-cell line and immunoblasts of the T-cell line have very
      similar light-microscopic appearances but different immunologic compositions. The
      immunoblasts of a patient with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with
      dysproteinemia were found to bear surface immunoglobulin and complement receptor.
      They lacked receptor for cytophilic antibody. Surface villous projections were
      demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. These features strongly indicate
      their B-cell origin.

PMID- 1085562
TI  - Editorial: Splenic vein obstruction: a curable cause of variceal bleeding.

PMID- 1085563
TI  - Portal hypertension. A new beginning for an old problem.
AB  - There are two types of shunts for the treatment of esophageal varices: total
      shunts or selective shunts. The various total shunts are designed to "decompress"
      both the portal and the variceal venous systems. In contrast, a selective shunt
      decompresses the varices only, and the portal pressure and presumably portal flow
      are not affected. The very purpose of the total shunt is the total or partial
      diversion of portal flow. This is the case no matter which branches of the portal
      and systemic venous systems are connected and whether the anastomosis is a direct
      one or is through a graft. In an ongoing prospective, randomized clinical trial,
      which now includes 46 patients, a total shunt (mesorenal H graft) and the
      selective distal splenorenal (Warren) shunt are compared. The operative mortality
      rate and the frequency of postoperative bleeding are the same. However,
      encephalopathy is more frequent after the total shunt (P less than 0.05), and a
      trend is developing which suggests a better long-term survival rate after the
      Warren shunt. If these trends continue, then the superiority of the Warren shunt
      is established in a selected group of patients who have bled at least once from
      their varices. If these patients continue to remain free of encephalopathy and
      hemorrhage will not recur, then it is probable that the Warren shunt could
      improve the chances of survival of cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices who
      did not bleed yet. The "prophylactic" value of the Warren shunt will require a
      multicenter, cooperative, controlled clinical trial.

PMID- 1085564
TI  - Letter: Gastrotoxic effect of parenteral aspirin.

PMID- 1085565
TI  - Diagnostic accuracy of fiberoptic panendoscopy and visceral angiography in acute
      upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - Emergency fiberoptic panendoscopy and visceral angiography both had comparable
      diagnostic accuracy in our series of 55 patients with actively bleeding upper
      gastrointestinal lesions. The diagnostic accuracy of the barium meal was found
      inferior to both fiberoptic panendoscopy and visceral angiography. Panendoscopy
      proved capable of quickly and safely diagnosing site and source of the active
      bleeding lesion. Visceral angiography requiring additional time, expense and
      personnel commitment proved an effective back-up procedure when panendoscopy was
      unsuccessful or contradictions existed. Emergency angiography was well tolerated
      by gravely ill patients. The therapeutic advantage of angiography with infusion
      of vasopressin upon completion of the diagnostic study remains to be shown as an
      advantage over panendoscopy.

PMID- 1085566
TI  - Tritanopia.
AB  - The color-matching functions of individual tritanopes differ significantly from
      those predicted with the assumption that the two cone pigments of the tritanope
      are those which underlie the matches of the standard observer. The differences
      cannot be explained completely by the abnormal luminosity curve of the standard
      observer nor by abnormalities in transmissivity of the eye media. Individual
      tritanopes differ significantly in their color matches in ways not entirely
      accounted for by eye media differences. The results are consistent with the view
      that there are a variety of different long- and medium-wave-sensitive cone visual
      pigments among different tritanopes.

PMID- 1085567
TI  - Report of a case of hemobilia.

PMID- 1085568
TI  - Hemobilia caused by rupture of cystic artery aneurysm.

PMID- 1085569
TI  - Mitochondria-rich cells of frog skin in transport mechanisms: morphological and
      kinetic studies on transepithelial excretion of methylene blue.
AB  - The following study combines histological observations on the localization and
      density of mitochondria-rich cells with a kinetic study of the part played by
      these cells in transport phenomena. In the ventral skin, mitochondria-rich cells
      and granular cells are equally abundant in the first living cell layer. The
      mitochondria-rich cells were shown to excrete methylene blue [3,9-bis
      (dimethylamino)-phenozathionum chloride]. A kinetic study of this excretion
      across the isolated epithelium of Rana esculenta skin showed that the mechanism
      of the excretion was a saturable one. An important fraction of methylene blue
      excretion depends on the absorption of sodium; the absence of this ion, or the
      inhibition of its transport by ouabain or amiloride, inhibits the excretion of
      the organic base. The mitochondria-rich cells, however, do not appear to play a
      determining role in sodium transport.

PMID- 1085570
TI  - Lactate and contractile force in frog muscle during development of fatigue and
      recovery.
AB  - The relationship between lactic acid concentration and twitch tension was
      reevaluated in electrically stimulated frog sartorius muscle. In muscles
      stimulated under anaerobic conditions at a rate of 30 stimuli/MIN CONTRACTILE
      FORCE DECREASED TO 36% OF THE INITIAL VALUE IN 15 MIN, Concomitantly lactate
      increased from 3.3 to 18.7 mumol/g of muscle. The correlaiton between the
      increase in lactate and the decrease in contractile force was significant (r = 
      0.99, P less than 0.000001). Recovery occurred in two phases. A rapid increase in
      contractile force, which represented 20% of the total recovery, took place during
      the first 15 s and occurred concomitantly with an increase in ATP from 3.9 to 4.6
      mumol/g. Lactate concentration did not change significantly during this period.
      The second phase of recovery of contractile force was complete in 50 min. Lactate
      concentration and contractile force were significatly correlated during recovery
      (r = -0;92, P less than 0.00001). However, recovery of contractile force lagged
      behind the decrease in lactate; a given concentration of muscle lactate was
      associated with a higher contractile force early during development of fatigue
      than late during recovery.

PMID- 1085571
TI  - Gastric H+ secretion in presence of substrates: absolute dependence on
      secretagogues.
AB  - Spontaneously secreting gastric mucosae of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) were
      brought to resting states in the absence of both the exogenous secretagogue and
      energy-yielding substrate, either by treatment with burimamide or by the
      classical method of prolonged preincubation. Glucose, pyruvate, lactate, and
      tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates were compared with short- and long-chain
      fatty acids as potential substrates on these resting mucosae to determine if the
      latter could initiate and sustain H+ secretion in the absence of added
      secretagogues. The experimental data indicate that fatty acids cannot stimulate
      acid secretion from the resting state by preempting the requirement for
      secretagogues. Although fatty acids may serve as preferred substrates in
      comparison with glucose, glycolytic intermediates, and tricarboxylic acid cycle
      intermediates, acid secretion is obligatorily dependent on the presence of
      endogenous or added secretagogues. The implications of this finding with respect
      to one of the recently proposed hypothesis for secretagogue regulation of gastric
      hydrochloric acid secretion are discussed.

PMID- 1085572
TI  - Effect of muscle length on 45Ca efflux in resting and contracting skeletal
      muscle.
AB  - The increment of the slow component of 45Ca efflux from frog skeletal muscle that
      is produced by electrical stimulation is reduced by 70% when the muscle has been
      stretched to 160% of in vivo length. No change in the efflux from resting muscles
      or the increment in influx associated with stimulation was produced by increased
      length. The increased efflux produced by 8 mM caffeine was not altered by
      increased muscle length. Resting and action potentials were unchanged by the
      stretching. No morphological changes were seen in the transverse tubules or their
      junction with the terminal cisternae even at sarcomere lengths of 3.8 muM, but
      the terminal cisternae themselves were elongated at this length.

PMID- 1085573
TI  - Postemetic hematomas: a variant of the Mallory-Weiss syndrome.
AB  - Of forty-four patients with the Mallory-Weiss syndrome, nine (20 per cent) had
      endoscopic evidence of small submucosal hematoma(s) lying in or adjacent to the
      region of the the tear. These small hematomas are believed to occur most commonly
      as a variant of the Mallory-Weiss lesion.

PMID- 1085574
TI  - A retroperitoneal cystic leiomyosarcoma spontaneously draining into the stomach.
AB  - An unusual case of a retroperitoneal cystic leiomyosarcoma clinically resembling
      a pancreatic pseudocyst with subsequent spontaneous cystgastrostomy drainage is
      presented.

PMID- 1085576
TI  - [Treatment of female sterility in anovulatory cycles by the method of electric
      stimulation of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 1085575
TI  - [Disturbance of tonic postural activity of oculomotor origins due to head injury.
      Neuro-ophthalmological and pharmacological aspects].

PMID- 1085577
TI  - Lysosomal enzymes in subretinal fluid.
AB  - Samples of subretinal fluid (SRF) from patients with primary rhegmatogeneous
      retinal detachment of various duration were studied using standard enzymologic
      techniques. The protein content in SRF increased with the duration of detachment.
      The activities of lysosomal enzymes in SRF, which were acid phosphatase, beta
      glucuronidase, and cathepsin D, also increased with the duration of detachment.
      Especially cathepsin D, which was not detected in serum, was present in SRF. The
      activity of a nonlysosomal enzyme, i. e., lactic dehydrogenase, which was used as
      a marker of cell disruption and of serum transudation was the same as that of
      serum. Because lysosomal enzymes are known to be able to degrade cells and
      tissues, the enzymologic analysis of SRF contributes to our understanding of the
      pathology of primary rhegmatogeneous retinal detachment.

PMID- 1085578
TI  - [Possibilities of cartographically documenting changes of the vitreous body, when
      examining the eye with a three-mirror contact glass (author's transl)].
AB  - After some remarks about the technique of the examination of the vitreous body
      with the three-mirror contact lens, the usual charts for documentation of
      vitreous changes are described. Furthermore, a new method of direct diagrammatic
      documentation of biomicroscopic findings of vitreous changes is presented.

PMID- 1085579
TI  - Enzymologic and histologic investigations in normal and pressure-ischemic retina
      of rabbits.
AB  - Histologic investigations together with histochemical and photometric
      measurements of enzyme activities were performed in retina of rabbits, whose
      blood supply had been totally interrupted for 1h. A retinal edema developed
      affecting the internal layers between the inner limiting membrane and the
      internal plexiform and ganglion cell layer. Although this edema was quite
      remarkable at the posterior pole of the eye, it diminished toward the periphery,
      disappearing near the ora serrata. The activities of the following enzymes were
      investigated: hexokinase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldolase,
      glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate
      dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, ATPase, and phosphorylase. The most
      striking finding was the total disappearance of phosphorylase activity under
      pressure ischemia. ATPase and aldolase showed a decreased activity in the
      ischemic retina, and malate dehydrogenase a slightly diminished one. Concerning
      the other enzymes, no significant differences between normal and ischemic retina
      were observed.

PMID- 1085580
TI  - The role of lactic acid in retinal neovascularization.
AB  - In order to gain information on the possible role of lactate in the development
      of neovascularization following retinal malperfusion, the lactate content in
      vitreous-retina-choroid specimens of 02-treated kittens and streptozotocin
      diabetic rats was determined. In both experiments there was no significant
      difference of lactate content between the diseased eyes and healthy controls.

PMID- 1085581
TI  - [Stereoscopic vision with alternating presentation of stereo pairs (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The threshold values for stereopsis with alternating monocular presentation of
      the corresponding member of a stereo pair was examined in relationship to the
      stimulus duration and the interocular delay. The maximum interocular delay for
      short stimulus durations was approximately 190 msec. The maximum stimulus
      duration was between 400-500 msec. At this stimulus duration the interocular
      delay must approach zero if stereopsis is to be maintained. In the threshold
      region the stereo effect diminished. One can possibly explain this phenomenon as
      a partial sensorial fusion. For normal appreciation of stereopsis, the critical
      frequency was about 2 Hz over the threshold values found with a given stimulus
      duration.

PMID- 1085582
TI  - [On aplasia of the optic nerve (author's transl)].
AB  - The occurrence of aplasia and hypoplasia of the optic nerve in man and in mammals
      is described. A secondary aplasia may result from additional malformations of the
      central nervous system. Primary aplasia may be studied in mutants of the house
      mouse, which show that not only the blood vessels, but also changes in time and
      location of the physiologic cell necrosis may be important.

PMID- 1085583
TI  - alpha-1 Antitrypsin phenotypes determined by isoelectric focusing of the cysteine
      antitrypsin mixed disulfide in serum.

PMID- 1085584
TI  - Editorial: Aspirin and the transmucosal potential difference.

PMID- 1085585
TI  - [Thyrotropia].
AB  - The significance of the radioimmunological dosage of the thyrotropic hormone
      (TSH) is examined as regards accordance between the experimental measure and the
      real behaviour of the hormone; as a matter of fact, in some particular conditions
      the problem of the specificity of dosage must be taken into account because of
      the possible interference of other hormones. From the clinical point of view the
      TSH radioimmuno assay is advisable for its accuracy, sensibility and specificity.
      On the other other hand, it is a lengthy and complex determination; instability
      of the labelled hormone is to be pointed out as the worst shortcoming. The
      procedures for clinical study of TSH are also examined with reference to an
      indirect evaluation of the thyroid function. tthe clinical application of TSH
      dosage in endrocrinology diagnostics, concerning both thyroid and hypophysis
      pathology, are discussed.

PMID- 1085586
TI  - [Shigellosis simulating severe haemorrhagic recto-colitis. Radiologic colonic
      ulcerations; diagnostic problems].

PMID- 1085587
TI  - Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis: cellular and humoral immune responses.
AB  - Rats inoculated intradermally with eel acetylcholine receptor protein(AChR) with
      adjuvants developed autoimmunity to skeletal muscle AChR. This is evidenced
      clinically as two episodes of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG),
      an acute phase that occurs early (8 days) and is transient, and a chronic phase
      (30 days) that is usually progressive. Positive delayed cutaneous reactivity
      appeared at day 4 and serum antibody to eel AChR was detectable by day 7
      postinoculation. After day 25 the titer of antibody to syngeneic muscle AChR 
      rose abruptly. Antibody to muscle AChR sedimented as 7S.  Lymph node cells from
      rats sensitized to AChR  were capable of transferring EAMG to normal recipients.
      Thymectomy after the onset of EAMG  had no effect. Early treatment in vivo with
      antithymocyte serum suppressed acute  but not chronic phase EAMG. Experiments
      combining thymectomy, x-irradiation and reconstitution with distinct populations
      of lymphocytes indicated athat thymus-derived lymphocytes are required for
      induction of EAMG  and antibody to AChR. These data suggest that both cellular
      and humoral responses to AChR, either sequentially or in combination, contribute
      to the pathogenesis of EAMG.

PMID- 1085588
TI  - Distribution of peripheral blood latex-ingesting cells, T cells, and B cells in
      patients with myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 1085589
TI  - HL-A antigens, autoantibody production, and associated diseases in thymoma
      patients, with and without myasthenia gravis.
AB  - The sera of 67 patients with thymomas-43 with myasthenia gravis (thymoma(+)
      MG(+)) and 24 without myasthenia gravis (thymoma (+) MG (-)) from 5 Dutch centers
      were examined with the indirect immunofluorescence test for the presence of
      antibodies reacting with skeletal muscle (AMA), thyroid tissue, gastric parietal
      cells, adrenocortex and antinuclear antibodies (ANA). The data were compared with
      those obtained in a group 83 MG patients in whom a thymoma was excluded by
      histological verification (thymoma (-) MG (+)) and with 1106 controls from the
      normal population. Histocompatibility (HL-A) antigens were tested in 24 thymoma
      (+) MG (+), 23  thymoma (+) MG (-), and 43 thymoma (-) MG (+) patients and 533
      controls from the Dutch population. AMA was found in all thymoma (+) MG (+)
      cases, in 42% of thymoma (+) MG (-), in 11% of thymoma (-) MG (+), and in less
      than 1% of the controls. The differences between each of these groups are
      significant (p less than 0.01, Table 3.) ANA was found in 54%, 50%, 18%, and 4%,
      respectively, of the above mentioned groups. The differences between the thymoma
      (+) and the thymoma (-) groups are significant (p less than 0.001. Table 4). The
      frequencies of antibodies reacting with thyroid tissue, gastric parietal cells
      and adrenocortex were low and showed no differences between the groups. The
      frequencies of HL-A8 were significantly decreased in both thymoma groups that had
      a relatively high incidence of associated immunological disorders (Table 5).
      Patients with MG and without antimuscle antibodies have no thymomas: This rule is
      of practical value in the management of the MG patient.

PMID- 1085590
TI  - Characterization of peripheral blood lymphocytes in sarcoidosis.
AB  - In the basal state, patients with sarcoidosis have reduced numbers of circulating
      T lymphocytes and a normal number of circulating B lymphocytes. The lymphocytes
      show impaired DNA synthesis in response to several mitogens and antigens and
      impaired K-cell cytotoxicity. Circulating atypical cells of lymphocytic origin
      are present belonging to both T- and B-cell lineages. After work (with
      mobilization of lymphocytes) the T-cell deficiency is further accentuated
      compared with normals. Moreover, after work a deficiency in the number of
      circulating B cells is also encountered. The atypical cells do not increase.
      Compared with normals the impaired K-cell cytotoxicity and lower levels of DNA
      synthesis also persist. It is suggested that the deviations found in sarcoidosis
      are consequences of a disease process affecting the lymphoid tissues and
      successively replacing the normal structures. The presence in vivo of DNA
      synthesizing circulating lymphocytes may indicate a persistent antigenic
      stimulation.

PMID- 1085591
TI  - A preliminary report on a study of serum alpha-1-antitrypsin and immunoglobulin
      levels in lepromatous leprosy.
AB  - IgG, IgA, and IgM immunoglobulins and alpha-1-antitrypsin globulin in sera from
      30 patients with lepromatous leprosy were determined and compared with 30 age-
      and sex-matched healthy controls. Mean levels of IgG, IgM, IgA, and alpha-1
      antitrypsin were significantly elevated in the sera of lepromatous leprosy
      patients in comparison with levels found in normal subjects. Statistical analysis
      of the relationships between levels of alpha-1-antitrypsin and immunoglobulins in
      the sera of lepromatous leprosy patients and controls revealed no correlation. It
      is therefore concluded that factors responsible for concentrations of
      immunoglobulins and alpha-1-antitrypsin are independent of each other in patients
      with lepromatous leprosy.

PMID- 1085592
TI  - Immunological identification of subpopulations of mononuclear cells in sarcoid
      granulomas.
AB  - The quantity of both circulating B and T lymphocytes in patients with sarcoidosis
      is diminished, although the relative percentage of each cell type appears normal.
      Immunocompetent cells comprising B and T lymphocytes, plasma cells, and
      histiocytes have been recognized in the sarcoid granuloma and the implications of
      these findings have been discussed.

PMID- 1085593
TI  - Immunological studies in sarcoidosis: a comparison of disease activity and
      various immunological parameters.
AB  - We found it valuable to separate the heterogeneous types of sarcoidosis into more
      homogeneous groups on the basis of activity and duration of the disease. This
      view is supported in the present study by the finding of a marked depression of T
      cell function in patients with chronic-active sarcoidosis. Patients with acute or
      chronic-inactive disease had only moderately depressed T-cell function as
      measured by tuberculin skin test and DNCB index. These results are in agreement
      with those of some previous investigations. The remainder of the abnormal
      findings, particularly low total number of circulation T lymphocytes, elevated
      serum IgG levels, and presence of autoantibodies, could not be correlated to
      disease activity, extent of the disease, or T-cell function. We have found no
      explanation for the presence of autoantibodies but suspect that they may be
      nonspecifically related to the disease process.

PMID- 1085594
TI  - Functional characteristics of intestinal Peyer's patch lymphoid cells.

PMID- 1085595
TI  - T and B lymphocytes and cutaneous anergy in inflammatory bowel disease.

PMID- 1085596
TI  - Lymphocytotoxic and RNA antibodies in inflammatory bowel disease: a comparative
      study in patients and their families.?

PMID- 1085597
TI  - Intravitreal erythromycin in the treatment of induced staphylococcal
      endophthalmitis.
AB  - Intravitreal injection of 500 mcg of erythromycin as the gluceptate caused no
      toxicity to ocular structures. This dose maintained bacterial inhibitory
      concentrations in the vitreous for up to 24 hours. Consistent aqueous levels were
      not obtained with intravitreal injection. Intravitreal treatment of
      Staphylococcus aureus endophthalmitis was successful in 11 of 13 rabbit eyes
      compared to 2 of 13 treated with subconjunctival erythromycin.

PMID- 1085598
TI  - Surgical management of ventricular septal defect complicating myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - In an 18 month period six patients were treated by operation for ventricular
      septal defect occurring as a complication of acute myocardial infarction. Each
      septal defect occurred within one week of the myocardial infarct but the interval
      from infarction to operation ranged from 8 days to 7 months. All patients had
      intractable cardiac failure and two were in cardiogenic shock at the time of
      operation. Preoperatively right and left heart catheterisation with left
      ventriculography and biplane coronary arteriography was performed in every case.
      At operation the principle of "total correction" of all the cardiac defects was
      followed so that in addition to closure of the septal defect each patient
      required one or more additional operative procedures such as resection of left
      ventricular infarct or aneurysm, mitral valve replacement or coronary artery vein
      bypass grafts. All six patients survived operation but one died four weeks
      postoperatively from perforation of an acute peptic ulcer. In one patient the
      ventricular septal defect recurred and was successfully closed four months later.
      The surviving patients remain well at follow-up.

PMID- 1085599
TI  - Selective proximal vagotomy. A preliminary report.
AB  - Eearly results of a prospective clinical trial of selective proximal vagotomy
      (SPV) with or without pyloroplasty are reported. The total number of patients was
      41, of whom 39 had chronic duodenal ulcer, one gastric ulcer and one heamorrhage
      gastritis. The follow-up period in our preliminary series now averages 18 months.
      Recurrent duodenal ulcer appeared in two patients with proved incomplete vagotomy
      (5%), and two other patients suffered postoperatively from gastric retention. All
      the symptomatic patients underwent SPV without pyloroplasty. The promising early
      results warrant continuation of our trial in order to asses the role of SPV in
      the surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 1085600
TI  - [Study by gel electrophoresis, of alpha chains and of CNBr peptides of collagen
      from epiphyseal cartilage in chondrodysplasia].
AB  - The alpha chains and the major CNBr - derived peptides of collagen of growth
      cartilage were studied in the following syndromes: thanatophoric dwarfism,
      pseudothanatophoric dwarfism, achondroplasia, pseudoachondroplasia, diastrophic
      dwarfism, metatropic dwarfism, Kniest disease, parastremmatic dwarfism, multiple
      exostoses, Blount disease and pycnodysostosis. After extraction of proteoglycans
      the collagen was solubilized by limited pepsin digestion purified, and the alpha
      chains were analysed by electrophoresis. The major CNBr - derived peptides were
      obtained by cleaving directly the cartilage after proteoglycan extraction. In
      some syndromes purified collagen was also cleaved. The CNBr peptides were
      analyzed by disc electrophoresis in SDS-polyacrylamide. Human normal growth
      cartilage and baboon cartilage were used as controls. The pattern of alpha chains
      and of major CNBr peptides was similar in all the cases studied, except one case
      of lethal diastrophic dwarfism in which the pattern of peptides showed the
      presence of type I collagen in quantities detectable by the present method.
      However in a milder case of diastrophic dwarfism the pattern of CNBr peptides was
      found normal. The present study does not exclude possible abnormalities of
      collagen at a higher lever of supramolecular organization in
      osteochondrodysplasias.

PMID- 1085601
TI  - [De novo trisomy 4p by 4p isochromosome].
AB  - A new example of trisomy 4p is reported, due in this case to formation of an
      isochromosome i(4p). The long arm of chromosome 4 was translocated onto the short
      arm of chromosome 1.

PMID- 1085602
TI  - [Reciprocal translocation in the family of 2 prositas with partial trisomy of the
      chromosome 7q].
AB  - Two patients with partial trisomy 7q are reported. The fathers of both patients
      are distantly related and carry the same balanced translocation - 46,XY,rep(4;7)
      (q35;q32).

PMID- 1085603
TI  - [Partial trisomy of the long arm of the chromosme 11 by malsegregation of a
      maternal translocation t(11;22)(q23 1;q1 11)].
AB  - A case of partial trisomy for the long arm of chromosome 11 due to malsegregation
      of a balanced maternal translocation is reported.

PMID- 1085604
TI  - [Localization of the gene of the glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase on the
      distal segment of the short arm of the chromosome 12].
AB  - The enzymatic activity of G3PD and LDH-B in erythrocytes has been assayed in
      three patients carrying a rearrangement of the short arm of chromosome 12. The
      first patient is trisomic for the whole short arm. The second is trisomic only
      for the distal part and the third is monosomic for the proximal part. G3PD:
      Activity increased in patients 1 and 2 and normal in patient 3. LDH-B: Activity
      increased in patients 1 and 2 and decreased in patient 3. From these observations
      it is concluded that the erythrocytic G3PD locus is localized on the distal part
      of 12p, between 12p12.2 and 12 pter, and that LDH-B locus is on the middle third
      between 12p12.1 and 12p12.2

PMID- 1085605
TI  - [Partial deletion of the short arm of the chromosome 9].
AB  - Monosomy 9p is reported in a boy with trigonocephaly and advanced bone age.

PMID- 1085606
TI  - [Genealogic proximity and genetic proximity].
AB  - Data collected concerning the Kel Kummer Touareg tribe permitted the
      characterization of each person by (a) a "geneological profile", by which the
      genetic contributions made to him by various of the founders of the tribe can be
      seen; and (b) a "hematological profile", which shows the different alleles
      existing in the tribe which have come to him. The study of the correlation
      between these two approaches shows that, overall, a person is defined better by
      his membership in a population than by his geneological network.

PMID- 1085607
TI  - [Compared cytologic study of (in situ and isolated) metaphasic chromosomes from
      KB cells, after incorporation of 5 bromodeoxyuridine (5 BrdU)].
AB  - Substitution of thymidine by 5 BrdU indduces the same morphological and
      cytological changes in in situ and isolated metaphase chromosomes of KB cells: a
      dichroic fluorescence and a difference in the affinity of each chromatid for
      Giemsa stain. However, the precursor does not seem to modify the appearance of G
      or Q bands in in situ and isolated chromosomes. The fibrilar unit which can be
      seen with electronic microscopy, shows no difference before and after 5-BrdU
      incorporation.

PMID- 1085608
TI  - Digestive haemorrhages induced by traumatic cerebral lesions.
AB  - Three cases of severe craniocerebral injuries are presented wherein haemorrhagic
      types of digestive lesions occured at various intervals. Commonly, the cerebral
      lesions involve manily the rhinencephalic structures, whereas the digestive
      disturbances consisted mainly of vasodilatation and vasparalysis. Thus, a
      relationship between rhiencephalic function and digestive haemorrhages is
      suggested.

PMID- 1085609
TI  - Neonatal pyridoxine responsive convulsions due to isoniazid therapy.
AB  - A 17-day-old infant on isoniazid therapy 13 mg/kg daily from birth because of
      maternal tuberculosis was admitted after 4 days of clonic fits. No underlying
      infective or biochemical cause could be found. The fits ceased within 4 hours of
      administering intramuscular pyridoxine, suggesting an aetiology of pyridoxine
      deficiency secondary to isoniazid medication.

PMID- 1085610
TI  - Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and infantile liver disease.
AB  - Infantile liver disease with deficiency of serum alpha1-antitrypsin is
      illustrated by a description of the clinical, biochemical, and pathological
      findings in two affected families. The simplicity of the diagnostic tests is
      emphasized. Review of 61 biopsies of liver from children and adolescents provided
      a further 3 cases. It is prudent to exclude this metabolic defect in children
      with a history of "neonatal hepatitis".

PMID- 1085611
TI  - Screening for cystic fibrosis by analysis of serum protein in faeces.
AB  - Faecal specimens from 51 infants free of cystic fibrosis (CF) and from 9 infants
      with the disease were analysed for albumin and alpha1-antitrypsin content. Faeces
      from infants with no CF had a mean albumin content of less than 0-1 mg/g dry
      weight and a mean albumin: alpha1-antitrypsin ratio value of less than 0-1.
      Faeces from infants with CF had, with one exception, an albumin content of more
      than 2-0 mg/g dry weight and a ratio value greater than 3-0. It was subsequently
      found that the duodenal aspirate from the child with CF but whose faeces had a
      low albumin content and ratio value, had tryptic activity though at a much
      reduced level compared to the activity in aspirates from healthy infants.

PMID- 1085612
TI  - Mode of action of veratridine on perfused frog ventricle.
AB  - Veratridine exerts a biphasic action on the perfused frog ventricle. The initial
      immediate response is a depression, which is maximal at 10(-10) M. The initial
      depression is followed by a late potentiation of contraction which is maximal at
      10(-6) to 10(-7) M veratridine. Reduction of external calcium from 1.0 mM to 0.5
      mM prevents the initial depression and allows only the potentiation of
      contraction to be observed. The force of contraction in 0.5 mM Ca2+ is increased
      by veratridine to 200% of the contraction observed at 1.0 mM Ca2+. The primary
      site for the enhancement of contraction in the frog ventricle by veratridine is
      the adrenergic nerve fibers whose increase in excitability leads to an increase
      in epinephrine release. The beta blocker sotalol at 10(-6) M prevents the
      increase in contractility by veratridine in 0.4 mM Ca2+. Calcium itself depressed
      potentiation of contractility by veratridine by stabilizing the adrenergic nerves
      and antagonizing the labilizing action of veratridine. The mode of action of
      veratridine on the frog ventricle is attributed to the enhancement of transmitter
      release from cholinergic and adrenergic nerve fibers.

PMID- 1085613
TI  - The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of norvedan a novel, non-steroidal
      agent.
AB  - Norvedan (2-phenyl-4-p-chlorophenyl-thiazole-5-ylacetic acid) has been
      investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using an 'adjuvant arthirits' in rats
      and for analgesic activity using a writhing test in mice and a pressure test in
      rats. At oral doses of 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg Norvedan caused a dose-related
      inhibition of the primary swelling of the paw injected with adjuvant and the
      development of secondary lesions was also inhibited. Writhing induced in mice by
      i.p. administered acetic acid was also reduced by Norvedan at oral doses of 30
      mg/kg and above and the response was related to dose. Against pain induced in
      rats by application of pressure to an inflamed paw Norvedan alsp showed good
      activity which was present for at least 6 hr after dosing.

PMID- 1085614
TI  - Preliminary studies on blastic transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in
      bursectomized chicks.
AB  - Lymphocytes from six-week-old chicks which had been bursectomized when three days
      old showed greater tendency to blastic transformation stimulated by
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) than those from control chicks. The observations suggest
      the possibility of B lymphocytes influencing immunological reactivity of T
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1085615
TI  - Comparison of modifications of the rosette test for detecting T lymphocytes.
AB  - Experiments were carried out with blood lymphocytes from 30 healthy subjects and
      70 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Results of the rosette test
      with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were compared by the methods of: I) Wybran
      (incubation at room temperature, reading after 3 hr); II) Jondal (incubation at
      temp. 310.15K (37 degrees C) and 277.15K (4 degrees C), reading after 24 hr; III)
      Weiner et al. (neuraminidase-treated SRBC, incubation at 273.15K (0 degrees C),
      reading after 15 min; IV) as in method III, but reading after 24 hr. The method
      of Wybran gave lowest results, statistically significantly differing from the
      results obtained by the other methods. The other modifications gave results that
      did not differ significantly. Neuraminidase treatment of SRBC accelerates
      formation of stable rosettes and this method is recommended in cases where a
      brief period of incubation is required. In other cases, the method of Jondal may
      be used.

PMID- 1085616
TI  - Influence of D-penicillamine and beta-aminopropionitril on the metamorphosis of
      Rana temporaria.
AB  - Tadpoles of Rana temporaria (size 5-7 mm) were kept in solutions of D
      penicillamine (DPA), beta-aminopropionitril (betaAPN), and L-thyroxine at
      different concentrations for 18 days. The influence of the substances on
      metamorphosis was investigated. In low concentrations (1 or 10 mg/100 ml) D
      penicillamine accelerates the process of metamorphosis. At these concentrations
      investigated skeletal malformations could not be observed. A content of 100 mg of
      DPA/100 ml is toxic. After 8 days of exposure only 4 of the 15 test animals had
      survived. In all concentrations investigated, beta-aminopropionitril has a toxic
      action. In low concentration (1 mg/100 ml) deformities are found which could be
      described as bending of the femur and twisting of the whole hind limb. The
      animals are non-viable, they die shortly after termination of metamorphosis.
      Higher concentrations (10 or 100 mg/100 ml) are lethal within the first 10 days.
      L-thyroxine (0.01 mg/100 ml) shows the wellknown metamorphosis-accelerating
      effect.

PMID- 1085617
TI  - Haematemesis and Melaena: surgical management.
AB  - A prospective study of the surgical management of 100 consecutive patients with
      benign, non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding is presented. The manner of
      presentation, precipitating factors, investigations and associated medical
      problems are discussed. Chronic duodenal ulceration was the most common cause of
      haemorrhage. Vagotomy and drainage with oversewing or excision of the bleeding
      ulcer was the surgical procedure performed in 71 of the patients in the series.
      The incidence of recurrent bleeding was 7%; no patient in this category required
      further operation. The mortality rate was 6%, and there were no deaths recorded
      in the patients who underwent vagotomy and drainage. The reasons for the
      relatively low surgical mortality are discussed.

PMID- 1085618
TI  - Proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells and development of potentially leukemic
      cells in vitro.

PMID- 1085619
TI  - Antigenic markers for human leukemia and lymphoma cells: detection with simian
      antisera.

PMID- 1085620
TI  - Studies on the distribution and origin of cytolytic T lymphocytes present in mice
      bearing Moloney murine sarcoma virus (MSV)-induced tumors.

PMID- 1085621
TI  - Morphologic studies of cell receptors of lymphocytes and lymphomas.

PMID- 1085622
TI  - B and T lymphocyte responses in Marek's disease.

PMID- 1085623
TI  - Comparative study of production of lymphoblastogenesis inhibition factor between
      leukemic T and Burkitt's lymphoma B lymphoid cell lines.

PMID- 1085624
TI  - Inhibition of chick embryo DNA ligase by dATP: its use in enzyme purification.

PMID- 1085625
TI  - Lymphocytotoxic antibody activity in cryoprecipitates from serum of patients with
      SLE.
AB  - Complement-dependent cytotoxic activity against normal human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes was detected in 11 of 17 cryoprecipitates from the serum of patients
      with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The lymphocytotoxicity was eliminated by
      treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol and iodoacetamide, and it was inhibited by
      antibody to human IgM but not anti-IgG. The titers of lymphocytotoxic activity in
      the cryoprecipitates were roughly proportional to the corresponding serum titers,
      but when they were normalized for IgM concentration it was apparent that
      selective concentration of lymphocytotoxic antibody occurred in the
      cryoglobulins. The relationship between cryoprecipitable lymphocytotoxicity and a
      number of laboratory and clinical parameters of SLE was studied. The amount of
      protein in the cryoprecipitates,  which was greatest in patients with significant
      renal disease, correlated with a reduction of serum complement and the amount of
      antibody to DNA. However the lymphocytotoxic activity of the cryoglobulins did
      not correlate with the severity of SLE. The titer of lymphocytotoxic antibody was
      independent of a) the presence or absence of active lupus nephritis, b) the total
      protein or immunoglobulin content of the cryoprecipitates, c) serum complement
      levels, and d) the amount of circulating antibody to DNA. These findings cast
      doubt upon the pathogenetic significance of cryoprecipitable lymphocytotoxic
      antibody.

PMID- 1085626
TI  - Study of thymic factors. II. Failure of thymosin to alter the natural history of
      NZB and NZB/NZW mice.
AB  - The effects of daily injections of thymosin, bovine fraction V, on the natural
      history of NZB and NZB/NZW F1 mice were investigated. With the use of several
      dose schedules, no significant differences were discovered in treated versus
      control groups when survival, autoantibodies, and mitogen responsiveness were
      compared. These results provide further evidence that thymosin may have little or
      no role in the treatment of the autoimmune disease of New Zealand mice. More
      encouraging research in thymic extracts and their measurement is necessary before
      clinical trials in SLE are considered.

PMID- 1085627
TI  - Antibodies to dAT detected by membrane filtration.
AB  - Sera from patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus caused the retention
      of the radioactively labeled synthetic polynucleotide 14C-dAT on cellulose
      nitrate filters. The amount of 14C-dAT bound correlated with the presence of
      hypocomplementemia and active renal disease. Sera containing only anti-single
      stranded DNA antibodies did not bind 14C-dAT but did bind 125I DNA from E coli
      that had been prefiltered to remove ssDNA contamination. Inhibition experiments
      also indicated the presence of antigenic differences between 14C-dAT and
      prefiltered 125I-E coli DNA. The data suggest that dAT carries one of the major
      antigenic specificities for antinative DNA antibodies in SLE, and that cellulose
      nitrate filtration fails to remove a significant proportion of contaminating
      single-stranded DNA determinants in non-synthetic DNA.

PMID- 1085628
TI  - Lymphocyte response to mitogens in progressive systemic sclerosis.
AB  - Lymphocyte responses to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin P(PHA-P), concanavallin A
      (Con A), and pokeweed (PWM) were studied in 18 patients with progressive systemic
      sclerosis (PSS). A subgroup of these patients with multisystem involvement showed
      a significantly decreased lymphocyte response to both Con A and PWM when compared
      to normal controls. However those PSS patients with myositis, although having
      multisystem involvement, had normal lymphocyte response to all three mitogens.
      PHA-P stumulation was normal in all PSS patients. Antinuclear antibodies,
      elevated sedimentation rates, and positive latex fixation were noted only in the
      multisystem disease group with abnormal lymphocyte function.

PMID- 1085629
TI  - Carcinomatous polyarthritis. The presenting symptom of an ovarian tumor and
      association with a platelet activating factor.
AB  - A 59-year-old white female presented with an acute polyarthritis, fever, and
      mental confusion. Accompanying blood changes included positive tests for
      rheumatoid factor and antinuclear factor, anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis,
      and a circulating factor that stimulated serotonin release from normal platelets.
      Exploratory laporatomy for a mobile pelvic mass revealed an adenocarcinoma of the
      left ovary which was completely resected. Shortly thereafter the patient's acute
      symptoms subsided. After 2 years of follow-up the patient has remained free of
      symptoms and the serologic changes have reverted to normal.

PMID- 1085630
TI  - Letter: Antibodies to DNA: false positive results?

PMID- 1085631
TI  - New data on the mechanism and speed of action of nitroimidazoles on prokaryota
      and eukaryota with and without mitochondria.
AB  - The spectrum of action of nitroimidazoles ranges from anaerobic bacteria to
      aerobic bacteria which are also capable of growth, although sometimes with
      difficulty, in anaerobic atmosphere and to protozoa without and with
      mitochondria; in the latter case the anti-protozoal activity depends on the
      importance of the extramitochondrial enzymes which respond to nitroimidazoles.
      The more anaerobic the organisms, the greater their sensitivity. In the most
      sensitive protozoa, the trichomonads, most of the enzymatic reactions inhibited
      by these drugs take place in the hydrogenosomes; these are cytoplasmatic
      organelles surrounded by a membrane whose disintegration, in fact, is the first
      visible effect of the action of the nitroimidazoles. Various nitroimidazoles act
      with different speed on these and other protozoa, whose membranes can difinitely
      possess different degrees of permeability towards substances with different
      chemico-physical characteristics. In the treatment of trichomoniasis, the
      specific speed of action of a drug is perhaps as important as its half-life in
      man.

PMID- 1085632
TI  - [On the pharmacodynamics of alpha- and beta-escin after oral application
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Contrary to the almost water insoluble crystalline beta-escinic acid, the water
      soluble forms of escin -- such as alpha-escinic acid or its salts, Na-b-escinate
      and the amorphous beta-escinic acid -- are so well absorbed by the gastro
      intestinal tract that the effects after oral application could be compared with
      those of the reference substances furosemide, hydrocortisone, acetylsalicylic
      acid, azapropazone and phenylbutazone. Escin was tested in the stasis edema,
      cotton-pellet-granuloma, and UV-erythema, i.e., in test models which seem
      specially suited to characterize the properties of this substance. In these tests
      which reflect both the prophylactic and the therapeutic treatment escin has
      proven antiexudative-antiphlogistic effects. They are based on a favorable
      influence of permeability and diuresis.

PMID- 1085633
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of an enzyme inhibitor on the edema formation in rat skeletal
      muscle after tourniquet ischemia.

PMID- 1085634
TI  - [Frequency of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in apparently healthy Chilean women
      (1975) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085635
TI  - [Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in men from the city of Santiago
      (Chile, 1975) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085636
TI  - [Our experience with direct revascularization of the myocardium with an
      aortocoronary bypass using the saphenous vein].

PMID- 1085637
TI  - [Clinical and angiographic follow-up of a group of 100 patients treated with
      aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1085638
TI  - [Long-term prognostic value of intra-operative measurement of flows in
      aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1085639
TI  - Peripheral blood T- and B-lymphocytes in operating theatre personnel.
AB  - The effect of operating theatre work on peripheral blood T- and B-lymphocytes was
      studied by the rosette method. There was no statistically significant difference
      between operating theatre personnel and the controls in the number of T- and B
      lymphocytes. This study supports the view that work in operating theatres does
      not cause changes in the immune response.

PMID- 1085640
TI  - An anti-A-like lectin of Rana catesbiana eggs showing unusual reactivity.
AB  - A lectin was isolated from Rana catesbiana eggs that agglutinated blood group A
      erythrocytes but did not agglutinate blood group B- or 0-erythrocytes. The lectin
      was purified by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration and by acrylamide gel
      electrophoresis at pH 4.3 and was proved to be homogeneous on electrophoresis,
      and the molecular weight was determined as 210 000. The specificity of A-like
      activity seems to direct towards three monosaccharide units: GalNAcalpha1 leads
      to 3(or 4)-Galbeta1 leads to 4(or 3)GlcNAcbeta1 leads to R based on inhibition of
      A-like hemagglutination by various monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and
      glycolipids, and based on precipitin reaction with various glycolipids and
      glycoproteins with known structures. Uniquely, A-like agglutination was inhibited
      not only by alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine analogs but also by N-acetyllactosamine
      analogs. The lectin showed therefore, two correlated specificities: one directed
      towards alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine residue at the terminal, and the other
      towards the subterminal Galbeta1 leads to 4betaGlcNAc (N-acetyllactosaminyl)
      residue. The reactivity due to the N-acetyllactosamine structure which is also
      found in erythrocyte ganglioside and in H-active chain might be blocked by sialyl
      or alpha-L-fucosyl substitution at the terminal, as the reactivity appeared after
      elimination of these sugar residues. In the A structure the reactivity due to N
      acetyllactosaminyl residue seems not to be blocked by the presence of alpha-N
      acetylgalactosamine at the terminal as A-agglutination was strongly inhibited by
      N-acetyllactosamine and its analogs. Although the lectin showed a single band on
      electrophoresis under different conditions, there is a possibility that the
      lectin may be a mixture of two proteins with different specificities as mentioned
      above.

PMID- 1085641
TI  - Phospholipid metabolism of stimulated lymphocytes. Comparison of the activation
      of acyl-CoA:lysolecithin acyltransferase with the binding of concanavalin A to
      thymocytes.
AB  - Calf thymocytes were isolated and incubated with concanavalin A. The effect of
      the mitogen on the enzyme activity of membrane-bound lysolecithin acyltransferase
      (acyl-CoA:1-acylglycero-3-phosphorylcholine-O-acyltransferase, EC 2.3.1.23) was
      determined as also the binding of 125I-labelled concanavalin A to intact cells
      and isolated membranes. The lysolecithin acyltransferase was found to be
      activated three times in microsomal membranes. The activation occurred directly
      after binding of concanavalin A and was temperature independent, since similar
      activities were found in cells treated with concanavalin A at 0 and 37 degrees C.
      The acyltransferase activation using increasing concentrations of concanavalin A
      revealed a different behaviour, as compared to the binding of concanavalin A.
      While the binding of concanavalin A to intact cells expressed a normal hyperbolic
      saturation function the activation process of the acyltransferase described a
      sigmoidal relationship. Correspondingly, the interaction coefficients for both
      functions were different (Sips coefficient for binding = 1.0 and Hill coefficient
      of the enzyme activation = 1.8). These results indicate that the acyltransferase
      activation is due to a cooperative interaction between the ligand-receptor
      complex and the enzyme.

PMID- 1085642
TI  - [Circadian variations in the intensity of free-radical reactions and circadian
      rhythm of mitoses in the retina of developing amphibian eyes].

PMID- 1085643
TI  - Electrophoretic mobility of lymphocytes in new born.
AB  - T lymphocytes in normal new born at the 4th day after birth have an
      electrophoretic mobility of 1.04, quite slower than adult normal T lymphocytes
      (1.13), but the same of the EM of lymphoblasts of ALL (1.04).

PMID- 1085644
TI  - Dynamics of the aromatic amino acid residues in the globular conformation of the
      basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI). II. Semi-empirical energy
      calculations.
AB  - The molecular conformation of the basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) is
      known in considerable detail from both X-ray studies in single crystals and NMR
      studies in solution. The NMR experiments showed that the aromatic rings of the
      phenylalanyl and tyrosyl residues can undergo rapid rotational motions about the
      C beta--Cv bond. The present paper describes a model investigation of the
      mechanistic aspects of these intramolecular rotational motions. From calculations
      of the conformational energies for molecular species derived from the X-ray
      structure by rotations of individual aromatic rings, it was apparent that the
      rotational motions of the aromatics could only be understood in a flexible
      structure. Flexibility was simulated by allowing the protein to relax to an
      energetically favorable conformation for each of the different rotation states of
      the aromatic rings. It was then of particular interest to investigate how the
      perturbations caused by different rotation states of the aromatic rings were
      propagated in the protein structure. It was found that the rotation axes C beta-
      Cv were only slightly affected (delta X1 approximately less than 20 degrees. The
      most sizeable perturbations are caused by through space interactions with nearby
      atoms, which move away from the ring center and thus release the steric hindrance
      opposing the rotational motions. The values for the energy barriers obtained from
      the energy minimization are of the same order of magnitude as those measured by
      NMR.

PMID- 1085645
TI  - Acquired angioedema with lymphoproliferative disorder: association of C1
      inhibitor deficiency with cellular abnormality.
AB  - A patient with a lymphoproliferative disorder, angioedema, and an acquired
      deficiency of the inhibitor of the activated first component of complement was
      studied. The patient's complement profile revealed depletion of the first
      component of complement, which has not been seen in angioedema of the hereditary
      type. There was no evidence for C1-depleting activity in the patient's plasma.
      The majority of the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells resembled B
      cells in their memebrane receptor properties and in that they carried easily
      detectable immunoglobulin, predominantly IgM. However, these cells were unusual
      in that they phagocytosed both latex particles and C3-coated erythrocytes.
      Morphological study of the cells infiltrating the patient's lung revealed
      immature, atypical, and plasmacytoid lymphocytes and immunoblasts. Both the
      patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells and a suspension of cells from the
      pulmonary infiltrate were capable of depleting the first component of complement
      and its inhibitor from homologous plasma. Normal ABO-compatible cells did not
      possess this property. The data suggested that the patient's abnormal lymphoid
      cells may have interacted with the complement system to produce a biochemical
      defect and a clinical syndrome closely resembling angioedema of the hereditary
      type.

PMID- 1085646
TI  - Effect of ionophore X-537A on desensitization rate and tension development in
      potassium-depolarized muscle fibres.
AB  - The effects of the ionophore X-537A were studied on carbamylcholine (carbachol)
      induced densitization and on tension development in relaxed potassium-depolarized
      frog sartorius muscles. 2 X-537A accelerated carbachol-induced desensitization in
      Ca2+-deficient solutions without having any effect on the conductance of the
      membrane in the absence of carbachol or on the extent of the carbachol-induced
      increase in conductance. 3 In Ca2+-deficient solution, the acceleration of
      desensitization by the ionophore was concentration-dependent. No effect was
      observed with concentrations less than 5 muM and maximal acceleration was evident
      with 10 muM. 4 The influence of X-537A on desensitization was time-dependent. At
      20 muM X-537A, there was a marked acceleration of desensitization by the end of 5
      min exposure. An additional gradual acceleration occurred during a 5 to 30 min
      treatment. No acceleration of desensitization was evident when X-537A was
      simultaneously applied with carbachol to the end-plate region without prior
      exposure to the ionophore. 5 Desensitization also was accelerated by 30 min
      exposure to 20 muM X-537A in solutions containing Ca2+ or deficient in both Mg2+
      and Ca2+; the rate being increased 2.8-fold in Ca2+-containing solutions, 2.9
      fold in Ca2+-deficient solutions containing Mg2+, and 2.5-fold in divalent cation
      deficient solutions. 6 Tension development gradually occurred in relaxed
      potassium-depolarized muscle preparations exposed to 20 muM X-537A. The onset of
      tension development occurred only after approximately 25 min of exposure both in
      preparations kept in Ca2+-deficient or Ca2+-containing solutions. By the end of
      90 min in the ionophore, the tension developed was approximately 12% and 23% of
      the initial potassium contracture in those preparations maintained in the Ca2+
      deficient or Ca2+-containing solutions, respectively. 7 We assume that the
      increase in desensitization rate following exposure to X-537A results from an
      elevation of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. That muscle tension gradually
      increased during exposure to the ionophore supports this conclusion. The
      acceleration of densitization by X-537A in the absence of external Ca2+ supports
      the view that the site of calcium acceleration is not on the external surface of
      the end-plate membrane either at or near the agonist-recognition site but rather
      on the inner surface.

PMID- 1085647
TI  - Clinicopathological conference. Case of leaking aortic aneurysm with oesophageal
      fistula.

PMID- 1085648
TI  - Bleeding oesophageal varices.

PMID- 1085649
TI  - Poor quality of posts in clinical rheumatology: a cause of failure to advance the
      specialty.

PMID- 1085650
TI  - Periodic alternating nystagmus.
AB  - Three patients with periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) are described in detail.
      Digital computer methods were used to quantify their disordered eye movement in
      an attempt to understand the pathophysiology. One of the patients was unusual in
      showing rebound nystagmus with fixation and PAN without fixation. Each patient
      had hyperactive vestibular responses and the phase and gain of the PAN cycles
      were altered in a predictable fashion by vestibular stimuli. It is postulated
      that PAN represents cyclical firing between reciprocally connected groups of
      inhibitory neurons within the vestibular and oculomotor nuclei. The cyclical
      firing is initiated by a critical imbalance of tonic input to either group of
      normally functioning neurons.

PMID- 1085651
TI  - Effect of ouabain on oxygen consumption and on osmotic swelling of amphibian
      erythrocytes.

PMID- 1085652
TI  - Application of WISH cell cultures to produce large populations of vaginal
      trichomonads.

PMID- 1085653
TI  - [Treatment of insomnia by cerebral application of electronic noise (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1085654
TI  - Contact regions of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-target cell conjugates.

PMID- 1085655
TI  - A potassium lonophore inhibits lymphocyte capping: the role of cations in the
      modulation of membrane receptors.

PMID- 1085656
TI  - [Effect of extra-vestibular influences on vestibular reactions].

PMID- 1085657
TI  - [Osteopathia striata Voorhoeve (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085658
TI  - [Clinical applications of the New Color Test].

PMID- 1085659
TI  - The New A /New Jersey/ 76 influenza strain.
AB  - This Memorandum reviews the information available on the new strain of influenza
      virus, A/New Jersey/76 (Hsw1N1), that first appeared at Fort Dix, NJ, USA, in
      February 1976. Recommendations are given concerning measures to be taken to
      detect spread of this strain and to meet the challenge if an epidemic should
      occur.

PMID- 1085660
TI  - Population replacement in Culex fatigans by means of cytoplasmic incompatibility.
      2. Field cage experiments with overlapping generations.
AB  - Three experiments were carried out in field cages to test the principle of
      "transport" of a desirable gene or chromosome into a wild Culex fatigans
      population as a result of the sterility in cross-matings associated with
      cytoplasmic incompatibility. Cycling populations of Delhi origin were established
      in the cages and daily releases were made of the IS31B strain, which has Paris
      cytoplasm and carries a male-linked translocation. It was shown that, if
      sufficient releases were made to establish a majority of the Paris cytoplasmic
      type, complete replacement by this cytoplasmic type subsequently occurred.
      However, as a result of partial compatibility of males of the Delhi population
      with Paris females, "recombinant" males with Paris cytoplasm and no translocation
      were produced. In an experiment in which a continuous low rate of "immigration"
      of a strain of Delhi origin was simulated, a gradual increase of the Paris
      cytoplasm nontranslocated type occurred, and renewed IS31B releases were
      necessary after 5 months to restore the predominance of this type. The results
      are compared with computer predictions and discussed in relation to the transport
      of genes for filaria refractoriness or chromosome translocations into wild
      populations.

PMID- 1085661
TI  - [Nomenclature of factors of the HL-A system].

PMID- 1085662
TI  - A simplified membrane technique for feeding blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) on
      blood in the laboratory.
AB  - In order to overcome the difficulties of colonizing Simuliidae in the laboratory,
      a membrane system has been developed which was successfully used to feed Simulium
      vittatum and S. verecundum on out-dated human whole blood. Thirty-seven (41.1%)
      of 90 S. vittatum and 4 (8.6%) of 46 S. verecundum took blood meals in 6 trials.
      The membrane system was also shown to be more effective and consistent in
      providing blood meals compared with the use of laboratory animals.

PMID- 1085663
TI  - A new technique for the determination of microfilarial densities in
      onchocerciasis.
AB  - Precise measurement of the parasite load in helminthic infections makes it
      possible to correlate morbidity, the individual response to treatment, and the
      best control methods. A membrane filtration technique was recently developed for
      quantifying Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemia. The present paper describes its
      application to onchocerciasis in a study on 107 patients in northern Togo. The
      technique is cheap and simple to apply under field conditions, and is extremely
      efficient at recovering microfilariae from skin snips.

PMID- 1085664
TI  - Relationship of serum copper and zinc to human hypertension in Nigerians.
AB  - Serum copper and zinc levels were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy in
      48 hypertensive Nigerians and in 37 normotensive controls. Serum copper and total
      cholesterol levels were significantly increased in the hypertensive patients, but
      their serum zinc levels did not differ from those of the controls.

PMID- 1085665
TI  - The measles eradication programme in the German Democratic Republic.
AB  - After 3 years of intensive preparations the Ministry of Health of the German
      Democratic Republic started a national measles eradication programme in 1967.
      Vaccination was at first voluntary, but became compulsory in 1970. Through a
      vaccination campaign using Leningrad-16/SSW attenuated live vaccine, the disease
      was virtually eliminated throughout the country by 1972. In 1973 and 1974 only
      sporadic cases of measles were observed. The number of vaccination failures was
      negligible. Combined immunization against measles and poliomyelitis provoked no
      unusual reactions, and the difference between the seroconversion rates following
      combined or separate immunization was not statistically significant.

PMID- 1085666
TI  - Ricettsioses studies. 2. Natural foci of rickettsioses in east Slovakia.
AB  - Natural foci of Q fever and of spotted fever group rickettsiae in the Kosice
      district of east Slovakia are described and discussed. It was established that
      the natural focus of Q fever was a secondary one. Cattle were observed to be the
      main source of human infection and a high proportion of synanthropic rodents was
      found to be infested with Coxiella burnetii. The natural focus of spotted fever
      group rickettsiae was shown to be of a primary character, such rickettsiae
      circulating among ticks and small mammals. It is suggested that natural foci of
      spotted fever group rickettsiae in east Slovakia may be connected with the
      natural distribution of Dermacentor ticks.

PMID- 1085667
TI  - Enzyme immunoassays in diagnostic medicine. Theory and practice.
AB  - Serological methods are playing an increasingly important role in the diagnosis
      and epidemiological assessment of diseases. Simple, inexpensive methods for large
      scale application are urgently needed. The enzyme immunoassay methods developed
      recently and reviewed here hold great promise for application in a wide variety
      of conditions. Under laboratory conditions they can be as sensitive as radio
      immunoassay, but they can also be adapted as simple field screening procedures.
      These methods are based on the use of antibodies or antigens that are linked to
      an insoluble carrier surface. This is then used to "capture" the relevant antigen
      or antibody in the test solution and the complex is detected by means of an
      enzyme-labelled antibody or antigen. The degradation of the enzyme substrate,
      measured photometrically, is proportional to the concentration of the unknown
      "antibody" or "antigen" in the test solution. The application of these techniques
      to endocrinology, immunopathology, haematology, microbiology, and parasitology is
      reviewed.

PMID- 1085668
TI  - Research needs in taeniasis-cysticercosis.
AB  - This Memorandum discusses the epidemiology of taeniasis-cysticercosis,
      particularly the survival of taeniid eggs in nature, and goes on to consider
      diagnostic procedures (parasitological and serological), resistance to infection,
      pathogenesis and clinical pathology, chemotherapy, and the economic and social
      consequences of infection. Topics requiring further research are listed, and
      recommendations are made concerning the approach to the problem.

PMID- 1085669
TI  - Haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies against swine influenza and Hong Kong
      influenza viruses in swine sera in the USA.
AB  - Previous reports have established that swine in the midwestern states of the USA
      have a high incidence of classical swine influenza and that swine become infected
      with Hong Kong-like influenza viruses when these are prevalent in the human
      population. This investigation was undertaken to estimate, on the basis of 2245
      sera collected randomly from swine going to slaughter in the USA during the
      summer months of 1974, how many of the animals had haemagglutination-inhibiting
      (HI) antibodies against swine influenza and Hong Kong influenza viruses. Based on
      HI titres of 20 or greater, our serological survey revealed that swine influenza
      virus infection was widespread throughout the USA, since 20.45% of the sera
      tested had positive HI titres. However, serological evidence of infection of
      swine with Hong Kong-like viruses was present in only 2.63% of the sera tested.

PMID- 1085670
TI  - [Epidemiological study of tobacco smoking among young men in France].

PMID- 1085671
TI  - Psychosocial aspects of abortion. A review of issues and needed research.
AB  - The literature on psychosocial aspects of abortion is confusing. Individual
      publications must be interpreted in the context of cultural, religious, and legal
      constraints obtaining in a particular society at a given time, with due attention
      to the status and availability of alternatives to abortion that might be chosen
      by a woman with an "unwanted" pregnancy. A review of the literature shows that,
      where careful pre- and post-abortion assessments are made, the evidence is that
      psychological benefit commonly results, and serious adverse emotional sequelae
      are rare. The outcome of refused abortion seems less satisfactory, with regrets
      and distress frequently occurring. Research on the administration of abortion
      services suggests that counselling is often of value, that distress is frequently
      caused by delays in deciding upon and in carrying out abortions, and by
      unsympathetic attitudes of service providers. The phenomenon of repeated abortion
      seeking should be seen in the context of the availability and cost of
      contraception and sterilization. The place of sterilization with abortion
      requires careful study. A recommendation is made for observational descriptive
      research on populations of women with potentially unwanted pregnancies in
      different cultures, with comparisons of management systems and an evaluation of
      their impact on service users.

PMID- 1085672
TI  - Post-hospital course and complications following coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1085674
TI  - The unnatural history of coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1085673
TI  - Current concepts of Prinzmetal's variant form of angina pectoris.

PMID- 1085675
TI  - Direct myocardial revascularization-1976: progress report on the Cleveland Clinic
      experience.

PMID- 1085676
TI  - [Microculture of whole blood in testing T-cell functions].

PMID- 1085677
TI  - Immunologic regulation of spontaneous antibodies to DNA and RNA I. Significance
      of IgM and IgG antibodies in SLE patients and asymptomatic relatives.
AB  - Nine individuals from four families of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
      (SLE) were studied by sucrose density gradient fractionation and filter
      radioimmunoassay for the presence of 19S IgM and 7S IgG antibodies to DNA, poly
      rA, and poly rA-poly rU. One individual in each family was totally asymptomatic,
      and at least one had actively systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The results
      indicate: (1) a correlation between 7S antibody to DNA and RNA and active SLE,
      and (2) the presence of 19S antibody to RNA in the asymptomatic relatives. These
      findings suggest that SLE may be a disorder of immunological regulation. The
      distribution of antibodies between IgM and IgG is closely related to disease
      severity. the asymptomatic relatives may have a partial regulatory abnormality
      resulting in the limited production of IgM antibodies to RNA. SLE patients may
      have a more complex failure of regulation permitting the additional synthesis of
      IgG antibodies to DNA and RNA.

PMID- 1085678
TI  - Disease activity in the nephritis of systemic lupus erythematosus in relation to
      serum complement concentrations. DNA-binding capacity and precipitating anti-DNA
      antibody.
AB  - Serum C4 and C3 concentration and binding of double-stranded-DNA (ds-DNA) were
      measured in sera from ninety-nine patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and
      clinical evidence of nephritis. C3 and C4 concentrations correlated poorly with
      ds-DNA binding. In sera from fifty-three patients, precipitating antibody was
      sought using the counterimmunoelectrophoretic technique. Precipitating antibody
      was detected on at least one occasion in 44% of the patients, and these sera with
      precipitating antibody showed higher binding of ds-DNA and lower C4
      concentrations than those without precipitating antibody. In thirty-two patients,
      serial assessments of the activity of the renal disease were made using decline
      or improvement in glomerular filtration rate, degree of proteinuria, oedema and
      hypertension as indices of "activity". All patients were receiving
      immunosuppressive drugs. Active nephritis was rarely found in patients showing,
      at that time, a normal serum C4 or normal ds-DNA binding; but a raised ds-DNA
      binding or lowered serum C4 were found in both active and inactive nephritis.
      There was no correlation of activity with serum concentrations of C3, or the
      presence or absence of precipitating antibody. We conclude that measurements of
      serum-complement concentrations and binding of ds-DNA are of most use in the
      diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, and that in patients with nephritis
      and taking immunosuppressive drugs, these tests are of limited use in guiding
      treatment.

PMID- 1085679
TI  - The use of cryopreserved lymphocytes for longitudinal studies of immune function
      and enumeration of subpopulations.
AB  - The responses of fresh and frozen lymphocytes to mitogens and antigens have been
      compared using samples collected on five separate occasions from one normal
      donor. The day-to-day variation seen with the fresh cells was eliminated by the
      use of frozen cells. Thawed cells from one donor collected on one occasion but
      studied on five separate occasions and compared to fresh cells on the same days,
      showed fluctuations from day to day as well, confirming that the day-to-day
      variation seen is due to technical and not biological phenomena. Cryopreserved
      cells showed a decrease in responses to specific microbial antigens, a slight
      shift in the PHA dose-response curve, but no significant difference in responses
      to Con A or PWM. The relative proportion of lymphocyte subpopulations changed
      with freezing and thawing. The proportion of T cells increased slightly and the
      proportion of B cells decreased.

PMID- 1085680
TI  - Human lymphocyte subpopulations effect of epinephrine.
AB  - The effect of administration of 0-2 mg of epinephrine (Parke-Davis) on
      circulatory lymphocytes was investigated in fifteen normal subjects. Blood
      samples were taken prior to, 10 and 20 min after, subcutaneous injections. Thymus
      derived (T) cells were assayed by sheep red blood cell rosettes, bone marrow
      derived (B) cells by their complement receptors and immunofluorescent detection
      of Fc receptors plus surface immunoglobulins. Their percentages prior to
      injections were 72-2 +/- 1-4, 13-8 +/- 1-1, and 20-3 +/- 1-3. Ten minutes after
      injections, the absolute concentrations of these cells increased to 164 +/- 14%,
      326 +/- 57%, and 272 +/- 45% respectively of the values prior to injection
      (averages +/- standard errors). Further, when cells with receptors for both sheep
      red blood cells and complement were assayed by simultaneous rosette technique,
      they increased from 2-5 +/- 0-4% to 10-5 +/- 1-3% of the lymphocytes. Such
      changes were also observed in three subjects who had undergone splenectomy more
      than 2 years previously, but not in four subjects receiving injections of saline
      instead of epinephrine.

PMID- 1085681
TI  - The effect of Levamisole on peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
AB  - Although Levamisole, an antihelmintic drug, has shown to have some modulatory
      effect on the immune response in clinical trials and experimental models, its
      mode of action remains obscure. In a group of fifteen patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis receiving Levamisole on an intermittant
      regime, simultaneous determinations of the lymphocyte subpopulations were made
      prior to Levamisole administration and 3 months thereafter. No significant
      changes were observed either in the absolute or in the relative number of T- and
      B-cell populations, while a statistically significant reduction was found in the
      "null" cells. These findings suggest that the immune potentiating effect of
      Levamisole may at least partially be due to a maturation process of the "null"
      cells.

PMID- 1085682
TI  - Spontaneous rosette formation by lymphocytes. Differential effect of cytochalasin
      B on thymocytes and thymus-related peripheral blood lymphocytes in the guinea
      pig.
AB  - In the present investigation the differences in the capacity of thymocytes (Th)
      and thymus-related peripheral blood lymphocytes (TBL) of the guinea-pig to form
      spontaneous rosettes with rabbit erythrocytes (RRBC) were further evaluated.
      Cytochalasin B (CB) inhibited TBL rosette formation but was largely ineffective
      with respect to Th. This suggests that membrane modulation and microfilament
      function are requirements for the formation of TBL but not of Th rosettes. A
      certain critical RRBC receptor density on the lymphocyte may be necessary for a
      stable rosette. Our results suggest that different RRBC receptor densities on Th
      and TBL account for the differences in rosette forming capacity of these two cell
      types. In native Th, the receptor density may be high enough to warrant stable
      rosette formation. In TBL, however, active membrane movement and perhaps
      clustering of receptors may be necessary to achieve the local critical receptor
      density as prerequisite of a stable rosette.

PMID- 1085683
TI  - Comparison of circulating T and B lymphocytes in discoid versus systemic lupus
      erythematosus.

PMID- 1085684
TI  - Response of peripheral blood lymphocytes from the (NZB/NZW)F1 mouse to
      phytohemagglutinin.

PMID- 1085685
TI  - Suppressor T-cell abnormality in idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1085686
TI  - Dark reticular epithelial cells of the thymus as the primary target of
      heterologous anti-lymphocyte serum in BALB/c mice: an ultrastructural study
      correlated with data on thymus substitution.

PMID- 1085687
TI  - The disruption of immunoglobulin caps by local anesthetics.

PMID- 1085688
TI  - Unusual roentgenographic manifestation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
AB  - An immunologically deficient patient had two large nodular densities on the chest
      x-ray film. On autopsy, large solid accumulations and diffuse pneumonitis with
      Pneumocystis carinii were found. This represents an unusual manifestation of
      Pneumocystis carinii.

PMID- 1085689
TI  - Primary choroid plexus papilloma of the cerebellopontine angle presenting as
      brain stem tumor in child.
AB  - A case of a primary choroid plexus papilloma of the cerebellopontine angle in an
      8-year-old female is presented. The clinical features of progressive cranial
      nerve palsies and cerebellar signs in the absence of intracranial hypertension
      initially suggested an intrinsic brain stem lesion. Whereas a radionuclide brain
      scan demonstrated abnormal uptake in the region of the pons, vertebral
      angiography and pneumoencephalography were diagnostic of an angle mass. At
      surgery, the tumor proved to be a choroid plexus papilloma that was totally
      confined to the cerebellopontine angle. This patient represents the thirteenth
      reported case of a primary cerebellopontine angle papilloma and the first such
      case occurring in a child.

PMID- 1085690
TI  - [Endoscopic diagnosis and directed surgical treatment of the Mallory-Weiss
      syndrome using cardiatomy].
AB  - 18 cases of Mallory-Weiss-syndrome verified endoscopically are reported. The
      patient group is surveyed with regard to age and sex distribution as well as
      accompanying diseases responsible for vomiting. 16 patients were treated
      conservatively, 2 underwent surgery. Diagnosis, indication of surgical management
      by selective cardiomyotomy and fundal plasty are described in 2 cases.

PMID- 1085691
TI  - [Massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage following internal drainage of pancreatic
      pseudocysts].
AB  - In operative treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts by inner drainage there is a
      risk of massive gastrointestinal bleeding particularly following an anastomosis
      to the stomach. In 10 patients in whom cystogastrostomy or cystoduodenostomy had
      been performed elsewhere a second laparotomy was necessary because of acute
      bleeding. In one patient a cystadenoma of the pancreas had been anastomosed to
      the duodenum by mistake at the previous operation. The leak of obliteration of
      the cyst is suggested to be the most important factor in the pathophysiology of
      bleeding. Inner pseudocyst drainage in a disconnected small bowel loop therefore
      principally should be performed at the lowest point of the cyst. The indication
      for an inner cyst drainage, however, must be closely examined since simultaneous
      pathologic changes in the pancreas often justify a resection to remove the origin
      of the cyst and, further, averting the complications of an inadequate inner
      pancreatic cyst drainage.

PMID- 1085692
TI  - [Field study on the therapeutic value of trasylol in traumatic shock].
AB  - A report of the results of a multicenter study including 4686 patients concerning
      the therapeutic value of Trasylol (Aprotinin) in traumatic shock. The group
      treated additionally with Trasylol showed, beside a reduced overall mortality, a
      statistically significant reduction of mortality in those treated within the
      first 30 min after the injury. Surgery performed in the posttraumatic stage
      showed a lower mortality in the Trasylol group. The importance of a time factor
      in shock treatment and the effects of Trasylol in traumatic shock are emphasized.

PMID- 1085693
TI  - [Spontaneous external biliary fistula and portal thrombosis during the
      development of alveolar echinococcosis of the liver].

PMID- 1085694
TI  - [Coagulation disorders in the hemorrhage of portal hypertension (especially in
      post-sinusoidal block)].

PMID- 1085695
TI  - [Synaptic contacts in the vestibular ganglion of nerve VIII in frogs].

PMID- 1085696
TI  - Sprains, strains and bruises.

PMID- 1085697
TI  - Secondary cytotoxic allograft responses in vitro. II. Differentiation of memory T
      cells into cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the absence of cell proliferation.
AB  - Murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were induced in "one-way" mixed lymphocyte
      cultures and their physical characteristics investigated by velocity
      sedimentation at 1 X g. The in vitro differentiation of progenitors of CTL into
      primary and secondary CTL was paralleled by characteristic changes in the size of
      the responder cells. Fractionated cells enriched for primary blast CTL reverted
      into clonally restricted "nonlytic" secondary T lymphocytes. Upon antigenic
      reexposure, these lymphocytes differentiated into secondary CTL within 18-32 h.
      This took place in the absence of cell proliferation and could be triggered by UV
      light irradiated allogeneic stimulator cells. It is suggested the different
      characteristics for the induction of either a primary or secondary cytotoxic T
      cell response reflect qualitative differences between unprimed T cells and memory
      T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1085698
TI  - Rapid recovery of antigen-binding receptors on chicken B cells following anti-Ig
      serum treatment.
AB  - Rosette-forming cells (RFC) from the peripheral blood of sheep red blood cell
      (SRBC)-immunized chickens were characterized as B cells which manifest antigen
      binding receptors but no antibody secretion. Lymphocytes were pretreated at 0
      degrees C with anti-Ig serum, washed, incubated further at various temperatures
      and harvested for the rosette-forming cells (RFC) assay. Anti-Ig treatment
      blocked all RFC formation and providing that the cells were maintained at less
      than 10 degrees C regeneration did not occur up to 6 h. Complete recovery of RFC
      formation occurred within 10 min at 37 degrees C following treatment with low but
      not with high concentrations of anti-Ig serum. However, recovery from inhibition
      by high-dose anti-Ig treatment was achieved by including chicken IgG in the
      incubation medium. The recovery of receptors was reduced following "sandwich"
      treatment of lymphocytes. When cells were treated with anti-Ig antibody, washed
      and exposed to various drug inhibitors of "capping" the regeneration of RFC was
      prevented; in contrast, inhibitors of protein synthesis were ineffective. The
      results were interpreted in terms of dissociation of anti-Ig antibodies from the
      Ig receptor at an early stage of the ligand-induced receptor redistribution
      process.

PMID- 1085699
TI  - Requirement for accessory cells in the antibody response to T cell-independent
      antigens in vitro.
AB  - The antibody responses of mouse spleen cells in vitro to three thymus-independent
      (TI) antigens namely, polymeric flagellin (POL) of Salmonella adelaide, DNP
      Ficoll and "soluble" sheep erythrocyte (SRBC) antigen, were found to be dependent
      on adherent accessory cells (A cells) but to a lesser degree than the response to
      intact SRBC. Evidence for this comes from selective depletion of A cells from
      spleen cells and reconstitution with A cell-rich populations. Thus, depletion of
      A cells by adherence on glass resulted in abolition of the response to SRBC
      leaving the response to POL intact. More thorough removal of A cells by treatment
      with carbonyl iron powder was required for appreciable reduction of the responses
      to POL, DNP-Ficoll and "soluble" SRBC. This reduction in responsiveness was not
      due to poor cell survival after A cell depletion or to the loss of
      immunocompetent cells since 1) the recoveries of viable cells in all cultures
      were similar; 2) the contents of theta- and Ig-bearing cells and tritium-labeled
      POL-binding cells were unaltered after carbonyl iron treatment, and 3)
      responsiveness was fully restored by the addition of irradiated and anti-theta
      treated A cells from the peritoneal cavity or the spleen. Hence, the hitherto A
      cell independence of TI antigens on which some theories of B cell activation are
      based is a result of inadequate depletion procedures, and the minimal model for B
      cell activation must take into account two cell types: B cells and A cells.

PMID- 1085700
TI  - IgG response in vitro. I. The requirement for an intermediate responsive cell
      type.
AB  - We have studied a secondary IgG anti-dinitrophenyl response in dissociated mouse
      spleen cell cultures which is comparable in magnitude to the responses detected
      after adoptive transfer. The data indicate that the responsive precursor cell is
      not a recirculating memory cell but is an intermediate B cell type which appears
      in vivo after antigen challenge of primed mice. Both antigen and T helper cells
      are required for in vitro stimulation of the intermediate cell type into the
      division and maturation steps leading to IgG antibody secretion. The buoyant
      density of precursor cells has been analyzed by bovine serum albumin density
      gradient centrifugation, and is consistent with their recent origin by division
      from memory cells.

PMID- 1085701
TI  - Detection of anti-idiotype reactive cells in the response to phosphorylcholine.
AB  - Upon immunization with phosphorylcholine (PC), BALB/c mice produce antibodies
      bearing mainly one idiotype which is identical to that of the TEPC 15 PC-binding
      myeloma protein. By coating sheep red cells (SRC) with TEPC 15 it was possible to
      detect anti-idiotypic plaques during the course of an immune response to PC.
      These plaques are detectable only after the anti-PC response has reached a peak
      and begun to decline. They are specific, since addition of free TEPC 15 and not
      MOPC 315 prevented their detection. It is suggested that such anti-idiotypic
      reactive cells might regulate the response to PC.

PMID- 1085702
TI  - Studies on the lymphocytes of sheep. II. Some properties of cells in various
      compartments of the recirculating lymphocyte pool.
AB  - The proportion of cells bearing surface immunoglobulin (Ig) and the normal
      lymphocyte transfer (NLT) reactivity of mononuclear cells obtained from the
      blood, afferent lymph, and efferent lymph from both somatic and intestinal nodes
      of sheep were measured. The proportion of Ig-positive lymphocytes was
      approximately 30% in blood and efferent lymph, but only about 10% in afferent
      lymph. The proportion of unlabeled lymphocytes (T cells) was about the same in
      all the preparations, as afferent lymph contains 15--20% macrophages. Despite
      this apparent uniformity in the T cell content, the NLT reactivity of efferent
      lymph was 3 to 5 times higher than that of blood or afferent lymph. No humoral
      factors could be detected by incubating cells in the various plasmas in vitro
      before injection. No inhibitory cells could be detected when mixtures of cell
      populations were used to initiate lesions. We suggest that lymphocytes in
      efferent lymph are more reactive than others because they are "groomed" by
      macrophages during their recirculatory passage through the substance of the node.

PMID- 1085703
TI  - Fc-rosetting and nonrosetting T cells are killer cells.
AB  - A fraction of T cells activated to H-2 determinants in vivo (ATO) express Fc
      receptors (FcR) on the cell surface. Those FcR can be detected by antibody coated
      red blood cells (EA rosettes). Nonrosetting and EA rosetting ATC could be
      obtained in highly enriched form (more than 99% pure) by separation by velocity
      sedimentation at unit gravity. Separately tested, both fractions of ATC showed
      killer cell activity against specific target cells. Possible explanations why
      only one population of T killer cells expressed FcR are discussed.

PMID- 1085704
TI  - Immature T lineage lymphocytes in athymic mice. Presence of TL, lifespan and
      homeostatic regulation.
AB  - Lymphocytes belonging to the T lineage were described in athymic nude mice. We
      showed previously that they were distinguished from usual peripheral lymphocytes
      by their low density of theta antigen, their slow electrophoretic mobility and
      their absence of recirculation through the thoracic duct. We now report that they
      also express the TL antigen, have a life span of 1 to 2 days, are produced in the
      bone marrow and are under the homeostatic influence of the thymus. Indeed they
      appear rapidly in surgically T-deprived mice and their production is blocked in
      both surgically or congenitally athymic mice receiving a thymus graft. This
      homeostatic control may be mediated via a humoral factor. Cells with similar
      characteristics are present in the thymus at early stages of embryogenesis. The
      characteristics of these T lineage lymphocytes strongly suggest that they may
      represent "pre-thymocytes", i.e. cells already committed to the T pathway
      independently of thymic influence but needing the thymus microenvironment to
      differentiate further.

PMID- 1085705
TI  - Interference with histamine and imidazole acetic acid metabolism by salicylates:
      a possible contribution to salicylate analgesic activity?
AB  - In man, rats and mice, the urinary excretion of the histamine and L-histidine
      metabolite, imidazole acetic acid, is increased and that of the conjugated
      metabolite, ribosylimidazole acetic acid, decreased by small doses of
      salicylates. In contrast to salicylates, other non-salicylate anti-inflammatory
      drugs, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, phenacetin and acetaminophen do not
      influence the excretion of the urinary metabolites of histamine and L-histidine.
      Since imidazole acetic acid is reported to have analgesic and narcotic activity,
      there is the inference that the analgesic properties of salicylate might be due
      in part to interference in imidazole acetic acid metabolism.

PMID- 1085706
TI  - Ultrastructural identification of human tonsil T-lymphocytes by peroxidase
      conjugated anti-HTLA serum.
AB  - A horse anti-serum rendered specific for human T-lymphocytes was conjugated with
      peroxidase and used for ultrastructural identification of human tonsil T
      lymphocytes. With T- and B-enriched suspensions, virtually all T-lymphocytes were
      labelled with Po-anti-HTLA, whereas no B-cells were stained with this conjugate.
      The labelling HTLA conjugate confirm the ultrastructural characteristics of
      thymus-dependant cells.

PMID- 1085707
TI  - Adult hemophilus influenzae pericarditis.

PMID- 1085708
TI  - Independance of glucagon and insulin handling by the isolated perfused dog
      kidney.
AB  - The effect of raising arterial plasma glucagon concentrations on kidney glucagon
      uptake was investigated using an isolated dog kidney perfused with whole blood.
      In addition, the effect of insulin on the magnitude of glucagon uptake by the
      kidney was studied at various glucagon concentrations. Renal vein plasma glucagon
      (V) has been found to be proportional to renal artery plasma glucagon (A). V and
      A were highly significantly correlated. In the absence of exogenous insulin
      infusion, V equalled 0.733 +/- 0.034 A, while in the presence of insulin V
      equalled 0.747 +/- 0.015 A. When kidney glucagon uptake was measured directly it
      increased as a function of arterial plasma glucagon. The calculated regression
      lines were similar in the presence and in the absence of insulin. The mean
      clearance rate of glucagon by the kidney was similar at low, medium or high
      concentrations of glucagon and was not affected by the presence of insulin at a
      mean concentration of 335.7 +/- 15.7 muU/ml. At this concentration of insulin,
      kidney insulin uptake was not affected by glucagon at concentrations ranging from
      32 to 1600 pg/ml. Comparison of kidney glucagon uptake at similar arterial plasma
      glucagon concentrations, but with different renal plasma flows, indicated that
      kidney glucagon uptake is more dependant on arterial plasma glucagon
      concentration than on the quantity of glucagon entering the kidney per minute. It
      is concluded that: 1) kidney glucagon uptake increases as a function of arterial
      plasma glucagon concentration; 2) the clearance rate of glucagon is similar at
      low, medium or high arterial concentrations of glucagon; 3) at concentration of
      300-350 muU/ml, insulin does not affect kidney glucagon uptake, and 4) at
      concentrations of glucagon up to 1600 pg/ml, renal insulin uptake is not affected
      by glucagon. These studies indicate that insulin and glucagon are handled
      independantly by the kidney of the dog.

PMID- 1085709
TI  - Initial stages of differentiation of thymocytes in the plasma membrane.
AB  - There is some evidence in the plasma membrane after binding of molecules
      triggering differentiation processes that different membrane areas exist
      possessing different functions. We have tried to isolate these different membrane
      areas, using a type of affinity chromatography on Con A-Sepharose. Our results
      from binding sites, affinity constant and fatty acid composition seem to
      reinforce the evidence that heterogeneous plasma membrane areas exist having
      different functions in the proliferation and differentiation process of
      thymocytes after triggering with Con A.

PMID- 1085710
TI  - Detection of T-precursor cells in human bone marrow and foetal liver.
AB  - Human lymphoid cells that have been incubated with conditioned medium from
      confluent monolayers of human thymic epithelium (HTCM) show an increase in cells
      forming rosettes with sheep erythrocytes at 4 degrees C (E-rosettes). Those cells
      demonstrating this in vitro conversion have been interpreted to be T-cell
      precursors. Separation of human bone marrow cells on discontinuous bovine serum
      albumin (BSA) gradients, and on a single-step 23% BSA gradient showed enrichment
      of these T-precursor cells, not only in bone marrow, but also in human foetal
      liver cells. Bone marrow precursor cells from a patient with Wiskott-Aldrich
      syndrome (T-cell deficiency) showed a normal in vitro response to HTCM, but no
      response was seen in cells from a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency
      disease.

PMID- 1085711
TI  - The importance of clostridia in experimental intestinal strangulation.
AB  - Hemorrhagic and ischemic strangulation of closed intestinal segments was sutdied
      in germ-free rats individually monocontaminated with one of eight separate
      species of clostridia. Ischemic strangulation was found to be as deadly as
      hemorrhagic strangulation in the presence of clostridia. Some clostridia were
      very toxic whereas others were relatively innocuous. The clostridia, ranked in
      the order of decreasing lethality, were: Clostridium perfringens type A, C.
      septicum, C. histolyticum, C. haemolyticum, C. bifermantans, C. sporogenes, C.
      tertium, and C. novyi type A. All species were readily established in the
      gastrointestinal tract of the nonoperated germ-free rat. The clostridia appear to
      be one of the most potentially lethal groups of organisms commonly found in the
      intestinal tract of human beings and animals.

PMID- 1085712
TI  - Assessment of the accuracy of double contrast gastroduodenal radiology.
AB  - The report presents an analysis of routine double contrast gastroduodenal
      radiology based on our experience with 1500 consecutive examinations. The value
      of this technique is illustrated by the demonstration of subtle abnormalities
      such as erosions, linear ulcers, and ulcer scars which are usually not
      demonstrated by the standard barium study. Two hundred and twenty-five of these
      patients have also been examined by endoscopy and radiological errors were found
      in 7%. This represents a marked improvement over the results obtained with the
      standard method. In the last 128 patients, a confidence level ranging from 3
      (certainty) to 1 (uncertain) was assigned to the radiological diagnosis before
      endoscopy. It was found that the majority of radiological errors occurred in the
      few studies given the lowest confidence level. These findings indicate that the
      double contrast study of the stomach and duodenum can be a very accurate
      examination and that endoscopy can be applied more selectively to patients with
      inconclusive double contrast studies.

PMID- 1085713
TI  - Complications associated with esophagogastroduodenoscopy and with esophageal
      dilation.

PMID- 1085714
TI  - [Classification and morphology of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas].

PMID- 1085715
TI  - [Membrane receptors of lymphoreticular cells in hyperplastic and neoplastic
      diseases of the lymphatic system].
AB  - The results of T- and B-cell determinations are described in 105 cases of
      lymphoreticular and lymphoepithelial neoplasia, and are compared to similar
      investigations of 582 cases as published in the literature. In addition, T- and B
      cell values are determined in blood of 35 healthy individuals, in 12 normal lymph
      nodes, as well as in hyperplastic conditions of lymph nodes from 30 patients and
      of tonsils from 85 patients. Cell characterizations are done by
      immunofluorescence and use of monospecific anti-immunoglobulin antisera (H chain
      specific), anti-thymus antiserum, as well as by the E-rosette test. While normal
      blood and normal and hyperplastic tissues show a polyclonal distribution or
      proliferation of lymphoreticular cells, neoplastic conditions are often
      characterized by an exuberant, possibly monoclonal proliferation of one cell
      type. According to this, lymphoreticular neoplasias are immunologically grouped
      into four main classes: B-cell neoplasias comprising most of the chronic
      lymphocytic leukemias, well differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas, BURKITT's
      tumor, follicular lymphoma BRILL-SYMMERS, and hairy cell leukemia. T-cell
      lymphomas represent a large part of poorly or undifferentiated leukemias of
      children, poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas, prolymphocytic leukemia,
      and Sezary's syndrome. Monocytic neoplasias are malignant histiocytoses and
      leukemic reticuloendothelioses. A fourth group, which probably is not homogeneous
      and might be further classified in the future by use of more sophisticated
      methods, consists of tumors with T- and B-cell lack. Such tumors are
      histologically classified as Hodgkin's lymphomas, a certain number of histiocytic
      lymphomas, and mycosis fungoides. The prognostic and pathogenetic implications of
      a combined morphological and immunological classification of lymphoreticular
      neoplasias are briefly outlined.

PMID- 1085716
TI  - [Electron microscopy findings in non-Hodgkin's-lymphomas].

PMID- 1085717
TI  - [Characteristics of malignant lymphomas in childhood].

PMID- 1085718
TI  - Prolymphocytic leukaemia: cell studies and treatment by leucapheresis.

PMID- 1085719
TI  - [Immunologic changes in non-Hodgkin's-lymphoma].

PMID- 1085720
TI  - [Activation of B-lymphocytes].

PMID- 1085721
TI  - Proportions in the skeleton of the metacarpus.

PMID- 1085722
TI  - Relation of some dimensions of the middle part of the laryngeal cavity to span of
      the greater horns of the hyoid bone.

PMID- 1085723
TI  - Correlation of some measurements of the laryngeal cavity.

PMID- 1085724
TI  - Anastomoses of the bronchial arteries with pulmonary veins in the lower lobes of
      human lungs. Preliminary report.

PMID- 1085725
TI  - Arteries of the inferior part of the vermis cerebelli in man.

PMID- 1085726
TI  - Arteries of the jejunum and ileum.

PMID- 1085727
TI  - Persistent ductus venosus Arantii.

PMID- 1085728
TI  - The umbilical vein in different periods of life in man.

PMID- 1085729
TI  - A case of placenta of endotheliochorial type, called striped placenta.

PMID- 1085730
TI  - Myelin fibers of the genitofemoral nerve in postfetal life in man.

PMID- 1085731
TI  - Correlation of some structural characteristics of the ilioninguinal nerve with
      age, body weight and height.

PMID- 1085732
TI  - Localization of information neurons of the accessory nerve in dogs.

PMID- 1085733
TI  - Localization of the motor nucleus of the accessory nerve in the spinal cord in
      dogs.

PMID- 1085734
TI  - Influence of ethyl alcohol on arylsulfatase and glycosidases in the epithelium of
      the small intestine in mice.

PMID- 1085735
TI  - Dehydrogenase activity in the cochlea in the internal ear in guinea pigs.

PMID- 1085736
TI  - Sodium transport and sodium distribution in the frog skin epithelium.

PMID- 1085737
TI  - [Endoscopic hemostasis using laser beams. Use of laser beams for endoscopic
      hemostasis in the gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1085738
TI  - [The effect of a flufenamic acid containing ointment in various rheumatic
      diseases. A double-blind study].
AB  - Of 100 patients suffering chiefly from soft tissue rheumatism 48 were treated in
      a double-blind study with an ointment containing flufenamic acid (Mobilisin) and
      52 with a control preparation. The test ointment brought about good to very good
      results in 43 patients (89,5%) whereas only 26 patients (50%) of the control
      group showed a therapeutic effect. Either product was tolerated well; no side
      effects have been observed in any of the cases.

PMID- 1085739
TI  - [Progress in the diagnosis of cutaneous lymphomas. Enzyme cytochemical and
      immunocytological studies].
AB  - The term ""cutaneous lymphoma'' is used for lymphoreticular proliferative
      processes which primarily affect the skin. This term includes: mycosis fungoides,
      Sezary-syndrome and ""pagetoid epidermotropic reticulosis''; ""malignant
      reticulosis'', ""reticulum cell sarcoma'' and lymphosarcoma; in a wide sense of
      this term pseudolymphomas (lymphadenosis benigna cutis, benign lymphocytoma),
      specific skin infiltrates in leukemia and Hodgkin's disease might be included as
      well.

PMID- 1085740
TI  - [Complications of Crohn's disease and their surgical treatment].
AB  - Crohn's disease is characterised by its unknown etiology and pathogenesis, its
      many complications and its extraordinary disposition of recurrence. The
      perforation of the small intestine, or of the colon, obstruction and massive
      bleeding are severe complications, requiring immediate surgical attention.
      Frequently specific formation of fistulae is indicative of the first sign of the
      disease. A radical operative treatment--by present results (approximately 70% of
      cases)--is the method of choice. The tendency to extend surgical procedures to
      the chronic stage of the disease has been discussed in recent years.
      Complications observed in patients under study have also been analysed.

PMID- 1085741
TI  - [Spontaneous cholecysto-gastric fistula with massive gastrointestinal bleeding.
      Endoscopic diagnosis and concrement extraction].
AB  - A case of spontaneous cholecysto-gastric fistula is reported with penetration of
      a gallstone into the stomach leading to massive haemorrhage of gastric mucosa.
      The gallstone was removed endoscopically, the immanent complication of gallstone
      ileus could be eliminated. Mucosal bleeding was stopped by conservative methods,
      and thus enough time was won for optimal preparation for the ensuing operation.
      The problems of preoperative diagnosis are mentioned, also rate and early
      complications of spontaneous bilio-digestive fistulae and their poor prognosis
      concerning the increased letality at operation.

PMID- 1085742
TI  - Record system ties patient data from hospital and private care.

PMID- 1085743
TI  - Differential sensitivity to x-ray of chromosomes of blood T-lymphocytes and B-and
      T-cell lines.
AB  - Normal T-lymphocytes, B-cell line (CCRF-SB) and T-cell line (CCRF-HSB-2) cells,
      all diploid in their chromosome constitution, were exposed in vitro to various
      doses of X-ray and analyzed at their first mitotic division for structural
      chromosome abnormalities. The irradiation effects were determined also by a
      viability test of the cells, using trypan blue dye. The irradiated T-cell line
      (CCRF-HSB-2) showed a remarkably high frequency of chromosome aberrations,
      including chromosome and chromatid deletions, chromatid exchanges, dicentrics,
      rings and acentric fragments. On the other hand, the chromosome aberrations
      observed in the irradiated B-cell line and normal T-lymphocytes consisted mainly
      of dicentrics, rings, deletions and acentric fragments; the frequency of
      chromosome and chromatid deletions was low as compared to that of the T-cell
      line. The cell viability test showed a singificantly higher percent reduction of
      viable cells at every dose of X-ray in the irradiated T-cell line than in the B
      cell line or the normal T-lymphocytes. It is possible that the increased
      radiosensitivity of the T-cell line is related to the original malignant nature
      of the cells, which originated from the lymphocytes of a patient with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 1085744
TI  - [The aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].
AB  - An ineffective aetiology for rheumatoid arthritis and other connective tissue
      diseases has been frequently postulated but never proven. Despite the failure to
      obtain firm evidence of viral infection in most patients with these disorders for
      several reasons this theory should not be discarded. Firstly several mechanisms
      have been discovered by which virus infections can persist in lymphocytes and
      other tissue thereby provoking inflammation without the production of complete
      readily detectable virus particles. Secondly there are numerous ways in which
      host resistance to virus can be subverted with the perpetuation of an ineffective
      or inappropriate immune response. Thirdly the immunopathological features of
      these diseases are entirely compatible with an infective aetiology. The main
      problem is likely to prove the difficulty in attributing a primary pathogenetic
      role to any isolated virus rather than regarding it as a passenger virus which
      has been non-specifically activated by the disease process. However preoccupation
      with a viral aetiology should not blind one to other possibilities since many
      environmental allergens can produce immunopathological disease of highly protean
      nature.

PMID- 1085745
TI  - [Classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas on the basis of Morphological and
      immunological features shared by normal and neoplastic lymphatic cells (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A review is given of the new Kiel classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL)
      and of the findings which led to its development. The Kiel classification of NHL
      is based on morphological and immunological features shared by normal and
      neoplastic cells. Therefore, the origin, maturation, and reaction of
      nonneoplastic T- and B-cells together with their immunological, enzyme
      cytochemical and morphological features are discussed first. In the T-cell system
      T-precursor cells, prothymocytes, T1/T2-cells, and T-immunoblasts can be
      distinguished on the basis of the given features. The B-system is primarily
      composed of cells of the two antigen-dependent B-cell reactions, the germinal
      center reaction, and the plasma cell reaction. These cells can be distinguished
      both morphologically and through demonstration of the complement receptor in
      frozen sections. We differentiate the following entities of NHL, divided into six
      groups for better understanding: 1. lymphocytic lymphomas: chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia (CLL), prolymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, mycosis fungoides,
      and Sezary syndrome; 2. secretory immunoglobulin-producing lymphomas:
      plasmacytoma and lymphoplasmacytoid immunocytoma; 3. germinal center cell tumors:
      centroblastic/centrocytic lymphoma, centrocytic lymphoma, centroblastic lymphoma,
      Burkitt's lymphoma, and lymphoma of the Burkitt type; 4. lymphoblastic lymphomas:
      "convoluted cell" type and "unclassified" type; 5. immunoblastic lymphoma; 6.
      reticulosarcoma. B-cell characteristics are revealed by more than 80% of the NHL,
      namely by 97% of the cases of CLL, by all secretory immunoglobulin-producing
      lymphomas, by all germinal center cell tumors, and by most immunoblastic
      lymphomas. More than 50% of the B-cell tumors are evidently derived from germinal
      center cells. The following are T-cell tumors: a few rare forms of CLL, mycosis
      fungoides Sezary syndrome, about 50% of the lymphoblastic lymphomas, and a few
      immunoblastic lymphomas. It could be shown that the cells of lymphoblastic
      lymphoma, "convolted cell" type with strong acid phosphatase reactivity have the
      same features as fetal thymocytes. So far, we have not observed any cases of true
      reticulosarcoma as described by Roulet and Rappaporti, i.e. tumors of phagocytic
      reticulum cells. The morphological features which could be defined for the
      entities distinguished in the Kiel classification of NHL are so characteristic
      that most of these entities can now be diagnosed on the basis of their
      histological and cytological pictures alone.

PMID- 1085746
TI  - Isolated, radioiodinated surface immunoglobulins of murine bone-marrow derived
      lymphocytes which bind the 2,4-dinitrophenyl hapten.

PMID- 1085747
TI  - Attachment of the antigen receptor to the B cell membrane.

PMID- 1085748
TI  - Immune interferon production by lymphoid cells: role in the inhibition of
      herpesviruses.
AB  - Bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from infectious bovine
      rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus- and tuberculin-immunized animals produced large
      quantities of interferon within 24 h of in vitro stimulation by IBR and purified
      protein derivative antigens. Separation of PBL into populations enriched in T
      lymphocytes or B lymphocyte provided the antigen-specific step for immune
      interferon production. A 2- to 10-fold increase in interferon occurred when
      lymphocytes were combined with autologous macrophages. Although macrophages, even
      if treated with antilymphocyte serum to remove any contaminating lymphocytes,
      could produce some interferon, the augmented interferon produced by macrophage
      lypmhocyte cultures was not dmpocytes. Direct physical contact between
      macrophages and lymphocytes was required for the production of enhanced levels of
      interferon. Antigen-antibody complexes of irradiated virus-infected cells in the
      presence of antibody were as efficient or better at stimulating interferon than
      was free antigen. Because IBR virus was inhibited by interferon levels stimulated
      in cultures by IBR antigen, it was suggested that the local production of
      interferon by immune cells might play a similar role in curtailing virus
      dissemination in vivo, thus leading to recovery from disease.

PMID- 1085749
TI  - Genetic analysis of lymphocyte activation by lipopolysaccharide Endotoxin.
AB  - A genetic study of in vitro lymphocyte blastogenesis by the B-cell mitogen
      lipopolysaccharide endotoxin has been performed, using both low-responder C3H/HeJ
      mice and high-responder CBA/J mice. The crossbreeding of these strains produced
      F1 progeny that were intermediate in responsiveness. Responder types from the
      backcross of the F1 to the C3H/HeJ strain segregated into intermediate- and low
      responder phenotypes, whereas intermediate- and high-responder phenotypes were
      produced from the backcross of the F1 to the CBA/J strain. The F2 generation
      consisted of all three responder phenotypes in frequencies that fit the classical
      Mendelian ratio of 1:2:1, indicating that the mitogenic response to
      lipopolysaccharide endotoxin in mice is most likely governed by a pair of
      autosomal co-dominant genes.

PMID- 1085750
TI  - Identification and quantitation of capsular antigen in capsulated and
      noncapsulated strains of Haemophilus influenzae type b by crossed
      immunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - Sonicated preparations of capsulated Haemophilus influenzae type b, two of its
      spontaneous mutants, one containing patches of capsules (class I variant) and the
      other noncapsulated (class II variant), and a noncapsulated strain of H.
      influenzae type d were analyzed by crossed-immunoelectrophoresis using unadsorbed
      antiserum to capsulated H. influenzae type b. Twenty common antigens were present
      in all four cultures. Two type b-specific antigens were also identified in the
      three H. influenzae type b cultures when antiserum adsorbed with H. influenzae
      type d sonicates (AdR) was used. One of these, the type b capsular antigen, cross
      reacted with an antigen of Bacillus pumilus. Further adsorption of AdR with the
      B. pumilus sonicate reduced, but did not eliminate, the antibodies to the type b
      capsular antigen, although all antibodies to B. pumilus were removed. Sonication
      sheared the type b capsular antigen, resulting in an increase in its
      electrophoretic mobility in agarose gel. The capsular antigen from all three H.
      influenzae type b cultures had the same electrophoretic characteristics.
      Reproducible quantitation of sheared and unsheared capsular antigen was
      demonstrated by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. As little as 2.5 ng of
      polyribophosphate pentose was identified and measured. Capsulated H. influenzae
      type b contained 78 ng of polyribophosphate pentose per mug of cell protein;
      class I contained 20 ng and class II contained 4 ng. The small amount of type b
      capsular antigen present in the class II variant may account for its lack of
      detection in this organism before now.

PMID- 1085751
TI  - Lymphocyte populations in acute viral gastroenteritis.
AB  - Viral gastroenteritis was induced in 16 of 24 normal volunteers after oral
      administration of either the Norwalk or Hawaii agents. Clinical illness lasted
      for 24 to 48 h and resolved spontaneously. During acute illness, a transient
      lymphopenia was noted which involved all lymphocyte subpopulations (thymus-and
      bone marrow-derived, and null cells). No circulating lymphocytotoxins were
      detected, and the lymphocytes remaining in the circulation responded normally to
      mitogenic stimuli. The acute lymphopenia occurred at the time that mononuclear
      cell infiltration of the jejunal mucosa has been noted. These findings are
      consistent with the occurrence of a redistribution of circulating lymphocytes
      during acute illness, with accumulation of lymphocytes at the site of infection
      in the gut.

PMID- 1085752
TI  - Immunodepression by Rowson-Parr virus in mice; lymphocyte markers and capping
      response of spleen and lymph node cells after infection.
AB  - Infection with Rowson-Parr virus (RPV) induced a rapid reduction in the number of
      immunoglobulin-positive and theta antigen-positive cells detectable by
      immunofluorescence in the spleens of susceptible BALB/c mice. The changes
      produced by RPV infection in the lymph nodes were different, since the number of
      immunoglobulin-positive cells was increased and the proportion of theta-positive
      cells remained unchanged. However, the ability of immunoglobulin-bearing cells to
      redistribute their receptors into caps was reduced in both types of lymphoid
      tissue. A similar pattern of changes was produced by infection with Friend
      leukemia complex, from which RPV was originally obtained. These effects of RPV
      and Friend leukemia complex may contribute to the immunodepressed state of
      infected mice.

PMID- 1085753
TI  - Platelet aggregation by hepatitis B surface antigen-antibody complexes.
AB  - Platelet aggregation indicating antigen-antibody complex formation was observed
      when hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigen and antibody were mixed. Platelet
      aggregation titers were determined for serum specimens found positive by
      radioimmunoassay for either HBs antigen or HBs antibody. From these
      determinations, incidence of HBs antigen-antibody complexes was found to be
      higher in HBs antigen seraas than in HBs antibody sera. There was an inverse
      correlation between platelet aggregation titers and radioimmunoassay values that
      was statistically significant for HBs antigen sera but not for HBs antibody sera.
      The incidence of anti-complementary activity was twice as high for platelet
      aggregation-positive HBs antigen and antibody sera as for platelet aggregation
      negative sera. HBs antigen sera that were positive by platelet aggregation
      exhibited nearly three times the incidence of anti-complementary activity as did
      HBs antibody sera. However, the low incidence of anti-complementary activity was
      distributed about equally between HBs antigen and antibody sera that were
      negative by platelet aggregation. Additional HBs antigen preincubated with HBs
      antigen-positive sera effectively inhibited platelet aggregation, whereas
      additional HBs antibody was somewhat less effective. On the other hand,
      preincubation of HBs antigen sera with anti-IgG serum effectively enhanced
      platelet aggregation, whereas preincubation of HBs antigen sera with HBs antibody
      did not.

PMID- 1085754
TI  - Morphology and time course of experimental listeriosis in nude mice.
AB  - Experimental listeriosis in phenotypically normal (nu/+) euthymic NMRI mice has a
      characteristic morphology and short-term course. In contrast, listeric infection
      in congenitally dysthymic nude (nu/nu)  mice does not proceed in clear-cut
      phases, develops more slowly, displays a chronic tendency from the beginning, and
      shows a considerably different morphology. The inability of nude mice to
      effectively control and terminate infection by Listeria monocytogenes obviously
      results from the lack of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1085755
TI  - Transactions of an international conference. Worldwide concern: better dental
      care for more people. An international collaborative study. How the study was
      designed.
AB  - The study originated from the common need felt by the United States Public Health
      Service and the World Health Organization for objective information about various
      national dental care delivery systems and their effectiveness in the societies in
      which they were used. The relationships between consumers, providers and
      administrators within each system were emphasized rather than the comparison
      between systems since each operated within a specific biological and ecological
      environment. Six systems all of which had been in existence for at least twenty
      years were originally selected for study to encompass those dependent on a
      majority of government or private enterprise, use or non-use of auxiliaries,
      differeing systems of financing and of definition of target groups for receipt of
      services. The countries originally taking part were Australia, the Federal
      Republic of Germany, Japan, New Zealand, Norway and Bulgaria, though Bulgaria
      withdrew early in 1975.

PMID- 1085756
TI  - Preparation of various fractions from Mycobacterium smegmatis, their
      arthritogenicity and their preventive effect on adjuvant disease.
AB  - Cell walls of Mycobacterium smegmatis were able to produce much more severe
      arthritis in rats than the delipidated cells, whereas cell envelope and cell
      membrane fractions were unable to produce the disease. The lysozyme-solubilized
      product was able to produce mild disease with only 30% of incidence with an
      optimum dose, whereas the higher and the lower doses did not produce the disease.
      The rats immunized with cell envelope, cell membrane fraction and
      nonarthritogenic doses of lysozyme-solubilized product were protected against the
      subsequent homologous and heterologous challenge of delipidated cells. It was
      discussed that this preventative effect can be the result of antigenic
      competition between the arthritogenic and nonarthritogenic components of M.
      smegmatis. On the other hand, all the fractions separated here were able to serve
      as an immunoadjuvant in terms of inducing delayed hypersensitivity to ovalbumin
      in guinea pigs.

PMID- 1085757
TI  - Arthritogenicity of Mycobacterium smegmatis subfractions, related to different
      oil vehicle and different composition.
AB  - Arthrigenicity of Mycobacterium smegmatis subfractions appeared to be remarkably
      potentiated in oil vehicles such as squalane or mineral oil, while water-in-oil
      emulsions containing Arlacel A appeared to decrease or suppress their
      arthritogenicity. It seems that Arlacel A can exert a suppressive effect on the
      arthritogenicity of the subfractions. Poly I:C and acetylated wax D potentiated
      the arthritogenicity of lysozyme-solubilized product, while cord factor was
      unable to do so. When given together with either cell membrane fraction or cell
      envelope, the lysozyme-solubilized product produced much more severe disease than
      that of lysozyme-solubilized product alone. Cell walls lost much of their
      arthritogenicity when mixed with lysozyme-solubilized product.

PMID- 1085758
TI  - Dose-related effect of hydrocortisone treatment on the electrokinetic properties
      and mitogen responsiveness of mouse thymocytes.
AB  - The electrophoretic mobility (EPM) and the ability to synthesize DNA in vitro
      either spontaneously or in response to concanavalin A (Con A) and
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) were investigated on thymocytes from adult female
      Swiss/B mice which had received intraperitoneally, 2 days previously, various
      doses (10-750 mg/kg body weight) of hydrocortisone acetate (OHC). A first group
      of thymocytes, highly sensitive to OHC, rapidly decreased in proportion following
      administration of increasing doses of OHC (10-125 mg/kg body weight) and included
      the totality of low-EPM thymocytes (EPM less than 1.0 mum sec-1 V-1 cm) together
      with about 70% of the high-EPM thymocytes encountered in the normal thymus. The
      second group of thymocytes (4% of the initial cellularity), which resisted to OHC
      at 125 mg/kg body weight and was only reduced by half with doses of OHC 6-fold
      larger, was composed essentially of high-EPM cells. The mean EPM of both groups
      tended to increase with increasing doses of OHC which suggests that among these
      two groups thymocytes are all the more OHC-sensitive as they possess a low
      surface charge. Spontaneous DNA synthesis, measurable on the first 24 h of in
      vitro cultivation, markedly dropped after treatment with OHC at doses higher than
      or equal to 62 mg/kg body weight. This loss of early spontaneous proliferation
      coincided with the disappearance of medium-EPM thymocytes. By contrast,
      proliferative response of thymocytes to mitogens was enhanced by OHC pretreatment
      of donors and roughly paralleled the enrichment in high-EPM cells. However,
      administration of the largest amounts of OHC diminished this mitogen
      responsiveness, although PHA reactivity was less affected than Con A reactivity.

PMID- 1085759
TI  - The immunology of mycosis fungoides.

PMID- 1085760
TI  - Radiosensitization of mammalian cells by diamide.
AB  - The effect of diamide on the radiosensitivity of T-cells was investigated under
      oxic and anoxic conditions. The compound was found to sensitize the cells under
      both conditions. Under oxic conditions, exposure for 10 min before and during
      irradiation to 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mM diamide produced dose-modifying factors of
      0.81, 0.60 and 0.55, respectively. Under anoxic conditions, exposure for 10 min
      before and during irradiation to 0.5 mM produced a dose-modifying factor of 0.34.
      When the cells in oxic conditions were exposed for just 20 min before
      irradiation, the sensitizing effect was smaller, but some sensitization effect
      was still apparent after a 120 min interval between diamide treatment and
      irradiation. Diamide also sensitized the cells after irradiation, but this effect
      was less than when it was present during irradiation. The presence of whole rat
      blood in the incubation medium prevented sensitization. No sensitization could be
      detected in the whole animal. It is proposed that sensitization is due to lack of
      capacity for repair of radicals by hydrogen transfer and biochemical repair
      processes.

PMID- 1085761
TI  - Control of DNA repair linked to neuroblastoma differentiation.
AB  - Mouse neuroblastoma cells, which can be induced to undergo reversible
      differentiation in culture, have been used as a model to investigate the effects
      of ultra-violet (U.V.) radiation on terminally-differentiated nerve cells.
      Differentiated neuroblastoma cells were found to be extremely sensitive to U.V.
      radiation when compared with proliferating cells from the same clone. However,
      normal resistance was regained if the differentiated cells were allowed to
      proceed to the next G1 phase of the cell-cycle before irradiation. Neuroblastoma
      cells in the differentiated mode are capable of carrying out soem excision repair
      of DNA damage, but they appear to lack a repair mechanism present in
      proliferating cells.

PMID- 1085762
TI  - Studies on the radiosensitivity of the function of the Golgi complex.
AB  - The uptake of 3H-glucosamine into primary human-embryo fibroblasts and into the
      Golgi-rich fraction isolated from liver of mice labelled in vivo was studied,
      after various doses of X-radiation, by autoradiography and biochemical methods. A
      dose of 90 rad resulted in an increased precursor uptake in interphase cells at
      24 hours and in mitotic cells at 48 hours after irradiation; 226 rad had
      virtually no effect on the grain counts of interphase cells, but reduced the
      labelling of mitotic forms. The characteristic intracellular localization of the
      grains were not influenced by these doses. Although no immediate radiation
      induced reaction could be observed in liver cells either, significant stimulation
      of the 3H-glucosamine incorporation was measured in isolated Golgi-rich fractions
      24 hours after whole-body irradiation with 90, 450, or 905 rad. This phenomenon
      is discussed as a part of the somatic regeneration of membrane structures.

PMID- 1085763
TI  - Effects of ionizing radiation and cysteamine (MEA) on activity of mouse spleen
      adenyl cyclase.
AB  - In mice X-irradiated with doses of 200 R and 400 R, there was a substantial
      increase in spleen adenyl cyclase activity; there was similar activation by MEA.
      In mice given MEA before irradiation, an additive effect of radiation and the
      radioprotective drug was observed. On the other hand, a dose of 800 R given
      either alone or after pre-treatment with MEA failed to elicit any change in
      cyclase activity. The results indicate the importance of the adenyl cyclase
      system in the response of cells to irradiation and action of MEA.

PMID- 1085764
TI  - Change in the radiation responses of oogonia in the embryos and fry of the fish
      Oryzias latipes.
AB  - Embryos of the fish Oryzias latipes were irradiated with 1000 R of X-rays 1 day
      before hatching,and the post-irradiation change in the female germ-cell
      population was observed. Scarcely any reduction in the number of oogonia was
      observed, but their proliferation was inhibited. Repopulation occurred between 12
      and 20 days after hatching. These responses were quite different from those of
      germ cells in the irradiated fry (Hamaguchi and Egami 1975). Embryos and/or fry
      were also exposed to 1000 R of X-rays 1 day before hatching and 0, 1, 2, and 3
      days after hatching. A comparison of their responses suggested that the change in
      the radiation responses of oogonia is correlated with the initiation of meiosis.

PMID- 1085765
TI  - Letter: Oncogenic transformation in vitro after split-dose x-irradiation.

PMID- 1085766
TI  - Letter: Radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in radiological protection. Dose
      response curves at low dose-levels.

PMID- 1085767
TI  - Diverticular disorders of the colon: results of treatment in 128 patients.

PMID- 1085768
TI  - Co-relation of clinical with laboratory data in rheumatoid arthritis with special
      reference to T cell rosettes.

PMID- 1085769
TI  - [Pathology and clinical aspects of human Trichomonas vaginalis infections].

PMID- 1085770
TI  - Histochemical characterization of cholinesterase activity in the frog brain with
      special reference to its localization on the wall of blood vessels.
AB  - The nature of the cholinesterase activity present on the wall of blood vessels in
      amphibian brain has been studied histochemically. It is concluded that the enzyme
      involved is acetylcholinesterase rather than butyrylcholinesterase, which more
      frequently occurs in the blood vessels of the brain of other vertebrates. The
      histochemical results are in agreement with most biochemical data concerning
      substrate specificity and inhibitor response for both acetylcholinesterase and
      butyrylcholinesterase. The two main hypotheses put forward by others in order to
      explain cholinesterase activity in brain vessels are discussed briefly.

PMID- 1085771
TI  - Pneumocystis and fungal infection in patients with malignancies.

PMID- 1085772
TI  - Mechanism of DNA degradation by the ATP-dependent DNase from Hemophilus
      influenzae Rd.
AB  - The rate of production of acid-soluble material during degradation of duplex DNA
      by Hemophilus influenzae ATP-dependent DNAse (Hind exonuclease V) has been shown
      to be directly dependent upon the Mg2+ concentration in the reaction mixture. At
      high concentrations of Mg2+ (5 to 20 mM), DNA degradation to acid-soluble
      products is rapid and the rate of ATP hydrolysis is slightly depressed. At low
      concentrations of Mg2+ (0.1 to 0.5 mM), the enzyme rapidly hydrolyzes ATP and
      converts up to 35% of linear duplex DNA to single-stranded material while
      degrading less than 0.2% of the DNA to acid-soluble products. We refer to this
      enzymatic production of single-stranded DNA as the "melting" activity. Under the
      conditions of our assay, the initial melting reaction is processive, lasting
      about 70s on phage T7 DNA. Using DNAs with several different lengths, we have
      established that the duration of the initial reaction is dependent upon DNA
      length, requiring approximately 1 s per 0.18 mum. The products of the initial
      reaction on phage T7 DNA are somewhat heterogeneous, consisting of short duplex
      fragments approximately 0.5 mum long, purely single-stranded products up to 7 mum
      long, and longer duplex fragments 3 to 11 mum in length, some of which have
      single-stranded tails. Nearly half of the single-stranded material remains linked
      to a duplex segment of DNA after the inital processive reaction. We propose that
      Hind exo V initiates attack at the DNA termini and then acts in a processive
      manner, migrating along the DNA molecule, converting some regions to single
      stranded material by the combined action of the melting activity and limited
      phosphodiester cleavage, while leaving other regions double-stranded. At the
      completion of its processive movement through a single DNA molecule, it is
      released and then recycles onto either intact molecules or the partially degraded
      products, continuing in this manner until the DNA is finally reduced to
      oligonucleotides.

PMID- 1085773
TI  - Experimental evaluation and clinical application of intraoperative
      counterpulsation without balloon pumping.
AB  - Cardiac assistance in the form of counterpulsation (CP), created by intraaortic
      balloon pumping (IABP), has recently been utilized to wean patients from
      cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) after conventional modalities have failed. The use
      of IABP, however, is often delayed because it is not part of the standard CPB
      setup and requires an additional cutdown, an arterial graft, and the retrograde
      insertion of a foreign body into the arterial tree. To eliminate the
      disadvantages of IABP, an alternate technique for CP has been developed. A
      pneumatially actuated external blood reservoir connected via a "Y" connector to
      the standard arterial line of the CPB circuit can provide pulsatile flow, and
      when synchronized with the EKG, CP with or without CPB. Experimental evaluation
      with dogs comparing this technique with IABP has shown that the former can create
      comparable CP pressure curves to the latter. The technique was applied to 11
      patients undergoing either aorto-coronary bypass surgery and/or valvular surgery.
      Two of the 11 patients could come off CPB only with the assistance of CP.
      Coronary bypass graft flow, when measured, increased by 25% due to CP in two out
      of seven patients. The arterial CP technique has proven to be easily adapted to
      clinical settings and provides immediate and effective CP when required.

PMID- 1085774
TI  - Unidirectional K+ fluxes in rat thymocytes stimulated by concanavalin A.
AB  - Unidirectional K+ fluxes were estimated in isolated rat thymocytes by 42K
      exchange kinetics. The cells were either preloaded with isotope and the release
      of it measured during incubation for one hour at 38 degrees C, or the cellular
      uptake of isotope during a similar incubation was measured. The influx rate of
      untreated thymocytes was: 2.3-10(-12) moles cm-2-s-1 and efflux rate: 1.8-10(-12)
      moles cm-2-s-1. When con A was added to the cells, influx was raised 74% and
      efflux 65%. Maximal effect was obtained when the concentration of con A was 15
      mug/ml, but concentrations as low as 0.75 mug/ml were effective. Hydrocortisone
      resistant thymocytes responded at least was well as untreated cells to con A,
      which also raised RNA synthesis rate in the former cells 2.5 times. Using an
      extracellular marker, 51CrEDTA, intracellular concentrations of some ions was
      estimated in the thymocytes after one hour incubation: Na+: 30 mmoles/kg water,
      K+: 177 mmoles/kg water and Cl-:43 mmoles/kg water. Cellular water content: 69%.
      These values were not found significantly altered when con A was present. Since
      con A raised influx and efflux to the same extent and no net flux of K+ could be
      detected, it is proposed that both active and passive transport of K+ was
      increased by con A. The increased fluxes induced by con A, can apparently not be
      reversed by removal of con A from the incubation medium or by addition of the
      inhibiting hapten, alpha-methyl-D-mannoside.

PMID- 1085775
TI  - Genetic control of lipopolysaccharide induced generation of serum colony
      stimulating factor and proliferation of splenic granulocyte/macrophage precursor
      cells.
AB  - Administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to mice causes a rise in
      tissue and serum colony stimulating factor (CSF) levels and in bone marrow and
      splenic colony forming cells (CFC). Two inbred strains of mice differing in their
      response to LPS were used to study the genetic control of LPS induced
      granulopoietic responses: a high responder strain (C3H/eB) which reacts to LPS by
      an elevation in serum CSF and by an increase in splenic CFC levels, and a low
      responder strain (C3H/HeJ) which fails to show these responses. The ability to
      generate serum CSF after administration of LPS is controlled by a single
      autosomal dominant gene, while the splenic CFC response to LPS follows the
      characteristic patterns of a polygenic inheritance control. The associated
      relationships of CSF and CFC responsiveness have been investigated in backcross
      (F1 X C3H/Hej) and F2 mice. Most mice which generated high levels of CSF showed a
      high or intermediate CFC response and most mice which did not generate any
      detectable levels of serum CSF showed a low splenic CFC response. The results
      suggest that CSF may play a physiologic role in vivo as a granulopoietin. In
      addition it was shown that the genetic control mechanisms governing the CSF/CFC
      responses are determined by the lipid A-KDO portion of the LPS molecule,
      suggesting that lipid A is the active part of the LPS molecule in stimulating
      granulopoiesis.

PMID- 1085776
TI  - Hemophilus influenzae, type b, antibody frequencies determined with bactericidal
      and radioimmunoassay tests.
AB  - Bactericidal and radioimmunoassay (RIA) antibodies to Hemophilus influenzae, type
      b, were measured in the sera of 85 children aged 18 through 71 months.
      Bactericidal antibodies were present in only 21% of those over 60 months; RIA
      levels rose linearly with increasing age (P less than 0.005). Bactericidal
      antibodies were present in nine of 29 sera with RIA levels greater than or equal
      to 0.7 mug/ml and in only four of 56 sera with RIA levels less than 0.7 mug/ml (P
      less than 0.01). The discrepancies between the two tests probably reflect their
      measurement of different antibodies. Results of the RIA fit the clinical
      observation that H. influenzae meningitis becomes less frequent with age.

PMID- 1085777
TI  - Comparison of isolation of Haemophilus vaginalis (Corynebacterium vaginale) from
      peptone-starch-dextrose agar and Columbia colistin-nalidoxic acid agar.
AB  - A total of 447 cervical or vaginal specimens were inoculated in parallel onto
      peptone-starch-dextrose (PSD) and Columbia colistin (10 mg/ml)-nalidixic acid (15
      mug/ml) (CNA) agar and were incubated for 48 h at 35 degrees C in an atmosphere
      with 2 to 10% CO2. One hundred (22.4%) of the cultures were positive for
      Haemophilus vaginalis. Forty-eight of the isolates were recovered from both PSD
      and Columbia CNA agar, five from PSD only, and 47 from Columbia CNA agar only (P
      less than 0.001). On Columbia CNA agar, 76 of the isolates were detected after 24
      h of incubation, and the remainder were detected within 4 days of incubation.

PMID- 1085778
TI  - The paradox of Hemophilus infuenzae type B bacteremia in the presence of serum
      bactericidal activity.
AB  - We investigated the role of serum bactericidal activity in Hemophiplus influenzae
      type b infections in infants with meningitis and in a rat model. In infected
      infants, 13/22 admission sera had bactericidal activity against the infecting
      strain, and bacteremia was as frequent in those with bactericidal activity (54%)
      as those without (56%). The coexistence of bactericidal activity and bacteremia
      was reproduced and studied in experimentally infected weanling rats. Serum from
      such rats kills in vitro 95% of conventionally broth-grown bacteria within 10
      min, but does not kill organisms obtained from the infected animals. Thus
      bactericidal activity as conventionally determined for H. influenzae b may have
      no relevance in vivo, Incubation of broth-grown bacteria in normal rat serum for
      30 min at 37 degrees C produces a resistance like that of in vivo organisms. This
      phenotypic conversion depends on factors that are of molecular weight less than
      1,000, stable to 100 degrees C, but destroyed by ashing. When injected
      intravenously into nonimmune animals, broth-grown bacteria are quickly cleared,
      while serum-preincubated bacteria are not. The latter, however, are cleared when
      injected into bacteremic rats (half-life 30 min). Bacteremia in the rats may
      persist despite this capacity for clearance because bacteria are entering the
      blood from extravascular fluids, which contain greater than 90% of the total
      bacterial burden.

PMID- 1085779
TI  - Uteroplacental vasculature.

PMID- 1085780
TI  - Ontogenetic shift of spectral phototactic preferences in anuran tadpoles.
AB  - Tadpoles of three species of anurans initially had a midspectrum ("green")
      preference in laboratory phototactic tests, which was shown experimentally to
      involve a form of true color vision in one species and probably in the other two
      as well. During development, the preference shifted to shorter wave-lengths
      (higher frequencies) until a short-wavelength ("blue") preference predominated in
      the pre- and postmetamorphic stages and in the adults of six species tested;
      color vision was involved in all of these stages. The green preference of young
      tadpoles is ecologically adaptive, in that it directs larvae to green plants that
      provide food or shelter. Tadpoles observed in a pond congregated heavily in
      vegetated areas rather than in open water. Spectroradiometric field measurements
      showed that pond illumination in vegetated areas had a more highly saturated
      yellow-green spectral dominance compared with a desaturated white illumination in
      open water. During all ontogenetic stages and as adults, the animals had a
      preference for high illuminance of white light, which correlates with the high
      illumination of their habitat. Microspectrophotometric data from Liebman and
      Entine suggested that the green rods are active receptors in tadpoles, making
      unlikely Muntz's hypothesis that the ontogenetic shift in spectral preferences is
      due to premetamorphic maturation of these receptors. However, the visual pigments
      of all five types of photoreceptors shifted from vitamin A2- to vitamin A1-based
      chromophores during ontogeny, and the resulting shift in spectral response of the
      receptors might be related to the spectral shift in phototactic preferences.

PMID- 1085781
TI  - Immunoglobulin E synthesis in parasite infection.
AB  - The infection of rats with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) larvae enhanced IgE
      synthesis prior to the formation of IgE antibody specific for parasite antigens.
      As early as the eighth to tenth day of infection, IgE-bearing lymphocytes
      appeared in lymph nodes and spleen. At this time, even bone marrow contained IgE
      bearing blast cells. The IgE-forming plasma cells were detected in the lymph
      nodes and spleen at the tenth day and their number reached maximum at the
      fourteenth day. The proliferation of IgE-bearing lymphocytes in the lymphoid
      tissues was observed in neonatally thymectomized animals, indicating that T cells
      are not essential for the development of IgE-B cells in the infected animals. It
      appears, however, that T cells are involved in the differentiation of IgE-B cells
      to IgE-forming plasma cells. Nonspecific proliferation of IgE-B cells and their
      differentiation to IgE-forming plasma cells may explain potentiation of IgE
      antibody formation against unrelated antigens after infection with N.
      brasiliensis (Nb). It was also found that T cells specific for parasite antigens
      were primed by infection with Nb. Evidence was obtained tht Nb-specific T cells
      raised by the infection collaborated with hapten-specific IgE-B cells and IgG-B
      cells for the secondary antihapten antibody responses. By contrast, T cells
      primed by immunization with parasite antigen included in alum exerted the helper
      function for IgG antibody response but failed to collaborate with IgE-B cells.
      Dissociation between the helper function for IgE and IgG antibody response
      indicated that parasite infection generated a favorable condition for priming T
      cells for the IgE antibody response.

PMID- 1085782
TI  - Comparative anatomy of cerebellar catecholamine innervation from teleosts to
      mammals.
AB  - The cerebellar innervation of the catecholamine (CA) neurons was experimentally
      investigated with histofluorescence method in the brains of the vertebrates from
      teleosts to mammals. In the teleosts the source for the cerebellar CA are
      composed of three CA neuron groups. Hypothalamic CA neuron group contributes
      mainly to innervation in the valvula cerebelli whose development is dependent on
      the high degree of the development of the lateral-line organ. CA neurons in the
      medulla oblongata might innervate the vestibulo-lateral lobe and corpus
      cerebelli. These two CA neuron groups appear to constitute the main source for
      the cerebellar CA, though it is certain that rhombencephalic CA neurons also send
      their axons to innervate the cerebellum. In the tailless amphibian which is
      devoid of the lateral-line nerves, cerebellar CA especially in the corpus
      cerebelli is supplied mainly by the rhombencephalic CA neurons which still remain
      in less developed stage in phylogenetic scale. In the bird, ascending CA neuron
      system is maintained by long axons and the anlage of locus coeruleus (LC) appear
      first in this class. A large number of CA nerve terminals in the cerebellum of
      the bird are supplied by both CA neurons of the dorsal part of the tegmentum and
      CA neurons disseminated in the tegmental reticular formation. In the mammals
      showing the highest development of the cerebellar and cerebral cortices, LC is
      well developed and cerebellar CA is supplied mainly by LC, though cerebellum is
      innervated by other CA neurons besides LC. Possible significance of the CA
      neurons on the development of the cerebellum in phylogeny was discussed.

PMID- 1085783
TI  - Comparative anatomy of the locus coeruleus. II. Organization and projection of
      the catecholamine containing neurons in the upper rhombencephalon of the frog,
      Rana catesbiana.
AB  - The organization and projection of the catecholamine (CA) containing neurons in
      the upper rhombencephalon were experimentally investigated with histofluorescence
      method in the brain of the bullfrog, Rana catesbiana. A small number of
      catecholamine containing neurons are located in the upper rhombencephalon. These
      neurons do not send ascending fibers to contribute CA projection to the
      forebrain, but give rise to relatively short axons to innervate the cerebellum
      and neighbouring reticular formation. Judging from their anatomical aspects, it
      seems that the structure homologous to the mammalian locus coeruleus is not
      present in the amphibian brain.

PMID- 1085784
TI  - Single step separation of human T and B cells using AET treated srbc rosettes.
AB  - A technique for the single step separation of human thymus derived (T) and Bursa
      equivalent (B) lymphocytes was developed. Density separation of B lymphocytes and
      T lymphocyte-sheep red blood cell (SRBC) rosettes on Ficoll-Hypaque was modified
      by pretreatment of the SRBC with 2 aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide.
      This modification yielded significantly purer populations of T and B cells. Up to
      15 X 10(7) were separated without increasing contamination allowing for the
      recovery of B lymphocytes as well as T lymphocytes in sufficient numbers to use
      in functional assays.

PMID- 1085785
TI  - A simple method for screening human T and B lymphocyte alloantibodies.
AB  - An sRBC-hemolysin monolayer was employed for separating human lymphocytes into
      two sub-populations, adherent cells (predominantly B cells) and non-adherent
      cells (predominantly T cells). The separated cells were then tested
      simultaneously against predispensed sera by complement-mediated cytolysis for the
      presence of alloantibodies to either T or B cells. A total of 372 sera were
      screened. Antibodies specific for B cell antigens were found in 19 sera and 9
      sera were found to contain antibodies to T-specific antigens.

PMID- 1085786
TI  - The sealed capillary migration technique and thymocyte migration in vitro.
AB  - The in vitro migration of thymocytes in sealed capillary tubes was influenced by
      cell number, temperature, cell viability and oxygen supply. Migration was
      successively slower over a 24 h period. There was no major influence of gravity
      or the degree of initial packing of the cells by centrifugation. Migration was
      inhibited by cytochalasin B, although the cells escaped from this effect after 8
      h. A transient stimulatory effect on migration was seen after addition of serum
      or supernatants from cultured thymocytes. There was no effect of isoproterenol,
      theophylline or carbacholine. A paradoxic effect was obtained with high doses of
      some metabolic inhibitors, which produced increased migration in spite of cell
      death. The technique may be used for studies on lymphocyte migration in vitro,
      but care must be taken to exclude a toxic influence of added substances, and
      expected effects should preferably be looked for early after onset of migration,
      since cell viability is gradually decreased.

PMID- 1085787
TI  - Functional deficiency of a B-cell subline: prime immunologic abnormality in the
      Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome?

PMID- 1085788
TI  - Ototoxicity of tobramycin: a clinical overview.
AB  - In a survey of data on 3,506 patients treated with tobramycin, the 21 cases of
      drug-related ototoxicity are reported and reviewed. In seven patients the effects
      were auditory only, in nine vestibular only, and in five both auditory and
      vestibular. Effects subsided in 14 of the 18 patients who were available for
      monitoring after therapy. High-frequency audiometric losses persisted in three
      patients, and a hearing decrease persisted in one. In only one of the three
      patients did audiometric losses exceed 40 decibels. The patients with drug
      related ototoxicity were compared to a group of 49 patients for whom both
      audiometric testing (before and after therapy) and clinical observation showed
      that no ototoxic reactions had occurred. Preexisting renal impairment, prior
      and/or concomitant therapy with other possibly ototoxic drugs, and therapy for 10
      days or more with a dose of greater than 3 mg/kg per day were found to be
      associated with ototoxicity.

PMID- 1085789
TI  - The current status of surgery for coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1085790
TI  - [Mitogen stimulation tests and RLB examination of the lymphocytes from regional
      lymph node of the gastric cancer (author's transL)].

PMID- 1085791
TI  - [Cell mediated immunity in relation to humoral antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis
      (RA) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085792
TI  - Coronary bypass Grafts: current indications and experience.

PMID- 1085794
TI  - Quality of care through PSRO.

PMID- 1085793
TI  - In-hospital malpractice prevention program.

PMID- 1085795
TI  - Medical malpractice and PSROs.

PMID- 1085796
TI  - The Food and Drug Administration: more sinned against than sinning?

PMID- 1085797
TI  - Assessing blame.

PMID- 1085798
TI  - Changes affecting the physician may require altering estate plans.

PMID- 1085799
TI  - Altering the degree of proof.

PMID- 1085800
TI  - Federal indemnification of the swine flu program.

PMID- 1085801
TI  - More regulations for the modern hospital.

PMID- 1085802
TI  - How to be an expert witness.

PMID- 1085803
TI  - The courts and the practice of medicine.

PMID- 1085804
TI  - Legislative boost for swine flu program.

PMID- 1085805
TI  - Medical and legal malpractice: professional problems and cooperation.

PMID- 1085806
TI  - Malpractice: why physicians and lawyers differ.

PMID- 1085807
TI  - A comparative study between diclofenac sodium and indomethacin in degenerative
      joint and extra--articular diseases.

PMID- 1085808
TI  - Effect of testosterone upon the beta-glucuronidase activity of some target
      tissues of the frog, Rana esculenta.

PMID- 1085809
TI  - Frog lysozyme III. The effects of metamorphic inhibition on Rana pipiens lysozyme
      ontogeny.
AB  - The inhibition of Rana pipiens metamorphosis by thiouracil altered the ontogeny
      of lysozyme. Certain isozymes of the enzyme remained absent. There was,
      nevertheless, an increase in tissue lysozyme concentration.

PMID- 1085810
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass for angina pectoris.

PMID- 1085811
TI  - Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation of trigeminal ganglion and its
      rootlets in treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. A preliminary report on 30 cases.

PMID- 1085812
TI  - [A case of Turner's syndrome in 45,X/46,XXp- mosaicism associated with colour
      blindness (author's transl)].
AB  - We have reported the study of a young girl aged 19 suffering from a gonadal
      dysgenesis the chromosomal complement of which is 45,X/46,XXp-. The analysis of
      the transmission of Xg group was insufficient to demonstrate with certainty the
      origin of the pathological X. The tests indicating the ability to discriminate
      colours (Ishihara's test and anomaloscopy) showed a protanopia, probably of
      paternal origin. Hence, the Xp- probably comes from the mother.

PMID- 1085813
TI  - Neurochemical correlates of behavior. Content of tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan,
      serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, tyrosine, dopamine and norepinephrine in a
      nerve ending fraction isolated from three brain areas of the pigeon during the
      period of behavioral depression following an injection of tryptophan.

PMID- 1085814
TI  - Habituation of a monosynaptic response in frog spinal cord: evidence for a
      presynaptic mechanism.
AB  - 1. Using the isolated spinal cord of bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana), intracellular
      correlates of habituation-like depression of the monosynaptic response elicited
      in motoneurons by lateral column (LC) stimulation were investigated. The
      following properties of the motoneuron were compared before and after response
      depression produced by stimulation of the LC at 0.5/s: resting membrane
      potential, membrane conductance, critical firing level, and rheobasic current. No
      alteration was found in any of these parameters. 2. To determine whether
      transmitter release mechanisms were changing over trials, the LC was stimulated
      with pairs of stimuli separated by 6 ms presented at 0.5/s. While the amplitude
      of the first EPSP declined (74% of initial value), the amplitude of the second
      EPSP increased (111% of initial value). Facilitation ratios thus increased. 3.
      The following conclusions can thus be drawn: 1) habituation involves a process
      intrinsic to the LC-motoneuron synapse; 2) habituation is not totally mediated by
      receptor desensitization; 3) habituation is not mediated by a mechanism extrinsic
      to the LC-motoneuron synapse that depolarizes terminal endings, e.g., presynaptic
      inhibition or accumulation of extracellular potassium; 4) habituation is not
      produced by transmitter depletion. Any of these possibilities has as a necessary
      consequence that facilitiation ratios remain unchanged. 4. Possible mechanisms
      that could mediate habituation are: 1) alterations in mobilization  and/or
      release of transmitter; 2) decreased probability of invasion of terminal branches
      of the presynaptic fiber by the action potential.

PMID- 1085815
TI  - Sound localization in anurans. I. Evidence of binaural interaction in dorsal
      medullary nucleus of bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana).
AB  - 1. The response patterns of single cells to monaural and binaural acoustic
      stimuli were studied in the dorsal medullary nucleus of the bullfrog (Rana
      catesbeiana). This nucleus represents the first ascending center in the anuran's
      central auditory nervous system. 2. Of the 142 cells isolated, 75 units responded
      only to monaural stimulation. Approximately 80% of these monaural cells could be
      excited by the ipsilateral ear, while the remaining 20% received their excitatory
      input from the contralateral ear. The other 67 units responded to binaural
      stimuli. Of these binaural cells, 14 could be excited by either contralateral or
      ipsilateral stimuli, and the threshold and best excitatory frequency were similar
      for each ear (EE). The other 53 binaural cells (EI) could be excited by
      stimulation of one ear and inhibited by stimulation of the other ear; for almost
      all of these cells the contralateral ear was excitatory and the ipsilateral ear
      was inhibitory. The best inhibitory frequency for one ear was approximately the
      same as the best excitatory frequency for the other ear, and the threshold for
      inhibition was near the threshold for excitation. 3. The tuning curves for all of
      the cells in the dorsal medullary nucleus were unimodal with "Q" values ranging
      from 0.4 to 4. The excitatory thresholds were widely scattered between 22 and 115
      dB SPL. 4. The distribution of best excitatory frequencies for the monaural cells
      comprised three groups: 200-300, 500-800, and 900-1,600 Hz. The best excitatory
      frequencies of the binaural cells were scattered over this entire range, with a
      broad peak around 200-800 Hz. 5. Approximately 80% of the cells in the dorsal
      nucleus responded tonically throughout the duration of an excitatory tone burst.
      The remaining 20% of the cells responded phasically during the transient stages
      of a tone burst over a wide intensity range. 6. Response latencies were compared
      for the two types of monaural cells to tones at their best exciatatory
      frequencies at 10 dB above threshold. The latencies for the contralaterally
      excitable cells were just a few milliseconds longer than the latencies for the
      ipsilaterally excitable cells. For binaural cells the latency for contralateral
      stimulation was only 1-2 ms longer than for ipsilateral stimulation. It was
      concluded that the contralateral input to the dorsal medullary nucleus is not of
      efferent descending origin from higher auditory centers. 7. All of the binaural
      EI cells were sensitive to small interaural intensity differences and many were
      also sensitive to minute interaural time differences. These cells likely play a
      role in localization of sounds of significance to anurans.

PMID- 1085816
TI  - Transverse-section radionuclide scanning in cisternography.
AB  - By applying the technique of transverse-section radionuclide scanning to
      cisternography, the structure and relationships of the basal cisterns and other
      subarachnoid spaces of the brain can be visualized more clearly and with more
      detail than is possible with routine imaging techniques. The ability of this
      method to separate overlapping areas of radioactivity ensures improved definition
      of space-occupying processes within the basal cisterns. In the evaluation by
      cisternography of patients with hydrocephalus and dementia, the transverse
      section images clearly separated various normal and abnormal patterns, whereas
      the routine cisternogram images were equivocal.

PMID- 1085817
TI  - Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of vitamin D in multivitamin
      preparations containing excess amounts of vitamin E.
AB  - Gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) determination of vitamin D in multivitamin
      preparations containing excess amounts of vitamin E (a more than 2,500 weight
      ratio of dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate to vitamin D) was investigated and a
      simplified routine method was established because the method reported previously
      (1) could not be applied to such special preparations. After applying the
      unsaponifiable matters of a sample to a phosphate-treated alumina column
      chromatography prepared according to MULDER et. al. (2), the eluate was
      evaporated and the residue was subjected to thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and
      GLC. When this method was applied to model preparations made by mixing vitamin D2
      and dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate (excess amounts), good results were obtained.
      Since the results on a commercial multivitamin preparation containing excess
      amounts of vitamin E were also satisfactory, it was confirmed that the proposed
      method could be used for simplified routine determinations.

PMID- 1085818
TI  - [Studies on physiology of the vestibulo-ocular system in humans--with reference
      to transfer function (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085819
TI  - [Synthesis of 6-chloro-5-CYClohexyl-1-indancarboxylic acid and related
      compounds].

PMID- 1085820
TI  - Induction of transporting sites in a sodium transporting epithelium.
AB  - 1. Frogs (Rana temporaria) were bathed for 1 week in solutions containing 1-1 mM
      sodium chloride and either one or both of amiloride (10(-4)M) and spironolactone
      (10(-5r both of amiloride (10(-4) M) and spironolactone (10(-5) M). This
      procedure was designed to deplete the sodium transporting compartment of the skin
      epithelium of sodium, while at the same time antagonizing the effects of
      endogenous aldosterone. 2. After 1 week the skins were used in vitro to measure
      the level of sodium transport (short-circuit current) and the density of sodium
      entry sites in the mucosal surface of the epithelium ([14C]amiloride binding). 3.
      Sodium deprivation for 1 week caused approximately a doubling of both sodium
      transport and the density of sodium entry sites in the mucosal surface of the
      epithelium compared to control skins. 4. When the results for sodium deprived and
      control skins were pooled there was a highly significant correlation between the
      density of sodium entry sites and sodium transport. 5. Mechanisms by which sodium
      deprivation leads to an increase in the density of sodium entry sites are
      discussed.

PMID- 1085821
TI  - [The effect of ATP and acetylcholine on the sodium transport in bullfrog large
      intestine (author's transl)].
AB  - By Ussing's flux chamber method the effect of ATP and acetylcholine (ACh) on the
      sodium transport was studied in bullfrog colon. The results obtained are as
      follows; 1. ATP added to the mucosal medium caused biphasic changes in the
      transmural potential difference (P.D.) and short-circuit current (S.C.C.),
      although serosal ATP was ineffective. After an initial rapid and transient rise,
      both the P.D. and S.C.C. increased in parallel to reach a peak in about 10 min
      suggesting that the tissue conductance is little affected by ATP. Addition of
      ouabain to the serosal fluid depressed both the P.D. and S.C.C. and abolished the
      electrical responses to ATP. The application of ouabain to the mucosal side did
      not cause any significant depression. These results can be explained in terms of
      stimulation of sodium pump by ATP added to the mucosal medium. 2. ACh added to
      either the mucosal or the serosal medium caused increased in the P.D. and the
      S.C.C. The serosal application was more effective than the mucosal application.
      The increase in S.C.C. was more remarkable than that in the P.D., indicating an
      increase in the tissue conductance. It is suggested that ACh stimulates ion
      transport systems by changing the membrane permeability of the colon.

PMID- 1085822
TI  - Effects of adrenaline and serotonin on the pump potential of sympathetic ganglion
      cell membrane in bullfrogs.

PMID- 1085823
TI  - Optical studies on contractile structures in frog muscles. analysis of components
      at rest and of responses related to contractile events.

PMID- 1085824
TI  - Selective decrease in the rate of cleavage of an intracellular precursor to
      Rauscher leukemia virus p30 by treatment of infected cells with actinomycin D.
AB  - The cleavage  of an intracellular 67,000- to 70,000-dalton precursor, termed Pr4
      to Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) p30 protein proceeded at a slower rate when
      virus-producing cells were treated with actinomycin D (AMD). Treatment with AMD
      also caused a slight accumulation of Pr4 in purified early virus particles
      produced by a cell line which usually produces virions that contain little Pr4.
      The cleavage of other intracellular viral precursor polypeptides was not affected
      by treatment with AMD. Treatment of infected cells with cycloheximide, on the
      other hand, allowed the cleavage of Pr4 to proceed at the usual rate for a short
      period of time before further cleavage was drastically slowed or prevented. The
      cleavage of several other viral precursor polypeptides was also inhibited by
      treatment with cycloheximide. Different lines of evidence suggest that the
      mechanism of action of AMD is not due to a possible indirect effect on protein
      synthesis. Thus, the rate of cleavage of Pr4 was not affected by the length of
      pretreatment with AMD between 1 to 8 h. In addition, the combined effect of AMD
      and cycloheximide, at their maximal inhibitory concentrations, was greater than
      the effect of either drug alone, indicating the involvement of two at least
      partially different mechanisms in the action of AMD and cycloheximide.
      Furthermore, AMD did not affect the pulse labeling of viral precursor
      polypeptides. These results suggest that the interaction with viral RNA, whose
      production is inhibited by AMD, accelerates the cleavage of Pr4 to p30 during
      virus assembly. A hypothetical model is presented to illustrate th possible
      advantages of having a step in virus assembly in which genomic RNA interacts with
      a precursor to capsid proteins before the cleavage of that precursor.

PMID- 1085825
TI  - The missing cilia.

PMID- 1085826
TI  - Typhoid fever causing massive lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage. A reminder of
      things past.

PMID- 1085827
TI  - Spray adhesives and birth defects.

PMID- 1085828
TI  - [Changes in the ratio of T-cells and B-cells in the spleen of mice after
      bacterial infection].

PMID- 1085829
TI  - [Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with stomach neoplasm and liver
      cirrhosis--an autopsy study and statistical observation].

PMID- 1085830
TI  - Microelectrode study of spreading depression (SD) in frog retina--general
      observations of field potential associated with SD.
AB  - Using microelectrodes, the field potential change associated with SD (SDP) was
      recorded from frog retinas conditioned with Cl-free Ringer's. In such retinas,
      SDP was induced by light or chemical agents such as glutamate, aspartate and K+.
      The chemicals, when applied iontophoretically, produced a local graded response
      which eventually triggered SDP. A potential similar to the local response to
      chemicals was often discerned on the rising phase of SDPs produced by light or
      occurring spontaneously. The SDP was maximal across an innermost retinal layer 50
      mum or less in thickness with the intraretinal polarity predominantly negative,
      indicating that the major sink of SDP is in the inner plexiform layer. The
      influence of SDP on the receptor potential was relatively small, but the other
      components completely disappeared at the beginning of SDP, recovering gradually
      thereafter. Concomitantly, a strong depolarization occurred in the ganglion
      cells. Stimulation of the optic nerve could induce SDP, but nerve impulse
      activity is not important for SDP because tetrodotoxin was unable to prevent SDP
      due to light or chemical agents.

PMID- 1085831
TI  - Microelectrode study of spreading depression (SD) in frog retina-Muller cell
      activity and [K+] during SD--.
AB  - By means of K+ microelectrodes, K+ potentials and [K+] were studied in frog
      retinas conditioned for SD by CL--free Ringer's. A marked increase in [K+]o was
      observed during SD, the increase being maximal in the inner plexiform layer (up
      to 50 mM or more) and subsiding towards the distal retina. The extracellular K+
      potential change during SD and also the graded K+ potential changes produced
      locally by iontophoretic injection of SD-stimulant chemicals resembled the
      membrane potential changes in Muller cells under the same conditions, suggesting
      that the Muller cells act as K+ electrodes. In retinas conditioned by Cl--free
      Ringer's Muller cells were swollen. This allowed intracellular recording with K+
      electrodes in Muller cells to reveal that upon SD the Muller cells immediately
      start to cleanse the extracellular space of excess K+ which is probably a product
      of pathologically enhanced synaptic activity in the inner plexiform layer. The
      mechanism of SDP, the field potential change associated with SD, is discussed
      from a proposed model.

PMID- 1085832
TI  - Corynebacterium vaginale (Hemophilus vaginalis) bacteremia: clinical study of 29
      cases.
AB  - Twenty-nine patients with bacteremia due to Corynebacterium vaginale, an
      inhabitant of the female genital tract, are described. Four were newborn babies.
      Nineteen were healthy young women delivered at full term by an operative
      procedure, cesarean section, or episiotomy. Within 48 hours fever and bacteremia
      developed. While receiving antibiotics the fever returned to normal, usually
      within 48 hours. The remaining cases were associated with septic abortion, tubal
      pregnancy, an intrauterine device, hydatidiform mole, and cellulitis. None of the
      adults showed evidence of brain abscess, meningitis, or endocarditis.
      Corynebacterium vaginale is an opportunistic minor pathogen that apparently gains
      access to the blood stream via an exposed vascular bed rather than as the result
      of immunosupression.

PMID- 1085833
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic problems in patients with complete atrioventricular
      block in acquired aortic valve disease].

PMID- 1085834
TI  - [Nature of changes in the sympathico-adrenal system and certain indicators of
      homeostasis in patients with chronic coronary insufficiency during the process of
      surgical intervention].
AB  - A study of some aspects of homeostasis and hemodynamics in surgical interventions
      for chronic coronary insufficiency helped reveal a difference in the nature of
      their changes depending upon the severity of the course and outcomes of the
      operation. With the latter running an uneventful course there is observed, as a
      rule, a moderate rise of the blood catecholamines level and their abundant
      passage with urine, which appears as a prognostically favourable sign. In
      operations complicated by the "syndrome of low cardiac ejection" terminating
      lethally there was definable, on the contrary, a high blood catecholamines
      content in conjunction with their reduced passage with urine. This was considered
      a prognostically adverse sign.

PMID- 1085835
TI  - [Various indicators of the kinin and sympathico-adrenal systems in patients with
      recurrent myocardial infarct].
AB  - The interrelationship between the kinin and sympathoadrenal systems of blood was
      studied in 45 patients with repeated myocardial infarctions of different clinical
      course. Complicated repeated infarctions with rhythm disorders, cardiac asthma,
      pulmonary oedema, cardiogenic shock were accompanied by a more distinct elevation
      of the blood catecholamines level and the kinin system activity, than the non
      complicated ones. The changes in the activity of the kinin and sympathoadrenal
      systems were found to parallel each other. Some diagnostic and more promising
      prognostic importance of the determined parameters was revealed.

PMID- 1085836
TI  - [Gastric hemorrhage due to the Mallory-Weiss syndrome].

PMID- 1085837
TI  - [Electric stimulation of gastric and intestinal peristalsis in postoperative
      paresis].

PMID- 1085838
TI  - [Endoscopy in gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1085839
TI  - [Current possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of acute hemorrhages from the
      upper parts of the digestive tract].

PMID- 1085840
TI  - [The clinical picture of metastatic myotic endophthalmitis (author's transl)].
AB  - Mycotic Septicaemia (especially with the Candida species) is not an uncommon
      hazard of hospitalized patients, especially those on intravenous
      hyperalimentation. Two such patients with endogenous mycotic bilateral
      endophthalmitis are presented. In spite of typical ocular symptoms diagnosis was
      delayed. Two further unilateral cases of a more atypical form of endogenous
      mycotic endophthalmitis in otherwise seemingly healthy patients are also
      described. Correlating histopathological findings in three of these 4 cases to
      the clinical histories, conclusions are drawn to aid an early diagnosis which is
      of paramount importance if the necessary antimyotic treatment is to preserve
      visual function.

PMID- 1085841
TI  - [Legal security in the determination of the "anomalous quotient" (author's
      transl)].
AB  - By testing individuals as well as a group seasonal oscillations of the
      Anomaloscope's mixing screw regulation could be observed. For that reason further
      standardization of research methods is requested.

PMID- 1085842
TI  - [On the so-called inferior, sickle-shaped edematous corneal dystrophy (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The inferior, sickle-shaped, edematous corneal dystrophy described by Bietti has
      not been further reported in the literature. A similar corneal lesion in a 44
      year-old patient provided the stimulus to express some thoughts as to the
      etiology and pathogenesis of this form of dystrophy.

PMID- 1085843
TI  - [Histiocytosis-X of the orbit (author's transl)].
AB  - After reviewing the syndrome of histiocytosis X, the special problems of an
      attack on the eye are discussed with regard to clinical, histological and
      radiological findings. By means of two cases, all aspects important for the
      diagnosis and treatment of histiocytosis X are discussed with reference to the
      literature. A histologically verified histiocytosis X in the area of the orbita
      is described in an almost 2 year old girl and another girl aged 7 years and 3
      months. In both cases, the disease began with an edema of the upper eyelid and
      swelling of the lateral orbital margin. The second case showed in addition the
      clinical symptoms of a dacryoadenitis. The X-ray pictures of the skull revealed a
      large triangular osseous lesion in the area of the orbital margins. Blood
      chemistry, hematological tests and the bonemarrow puncture did not yield any
      pathological findings. The diagnosis of histiozytosis X could be made only by a
      biopsy from the tumor area. The swelling in the area of the eyelids and the
      lateral orbital margin disappeared under cytostatic therapy with Vincristin and
      Prednison.

PMID- 1085844
TI  - [Effect of caloric stimulation of the vestibular apparatus on body temperature].

PMID- 1085845
TI  - Histological findings in rabbits which died with symptoms of mucoid enteritis.
AB  - Histological and aetiological similarities between rabbit mucoid enteritis and
      human ulcerative colitis are briefly discussed. Escherichia coli seems to be
      associated with the rabbit disease, and treatment aimed at this organism has been
      followed by a period of 4 years free from mucoid enteritis.

PMID- 1085846
TI  - Some cases of immunoglobulin abnormalities in Singapore children.

PMID- 1085847
TI  - An assessment of the influence of habitual physical activity, prior sport
      participation, smoking habits, and aging upon indices of cardiovascular fitness:
      preliminary report of a cross-sectional and retrospective study.

PMID- 1085848
TI  - Experimental autoimmune adrenalities in the rat.

PMID- 1085849
TI  - Information factors affecting problem follow-up in ambulatory care.
AB  - The influence of information factors on the follow-up of patient problems was
      studied in six ambulatory clinics providing primary patient care. By means of
      chart review, the encounter notes were examined for two consecutive visits to the
      same clinic to determine problems identified at the first visit and detect
      evidence of follow-up of these problems at the second visit. In those clinics
      using a problem list, at the front of the chart, those problems on the problem
      list had a higher follow-up rate than those not on the list particularly at
      longer intervals between patient visits. An encounter note written in the problem
      oriented format did not enhance follow-up. Since information factors as well as
      clinical factors affect the follow-up of patient problems these factors must be
      carefully considered when designing information systems to serve ambulatory care.

PMID- 1085850
TI  - Format review: evaluating implementation of the problem-oriented medical record.
AB  - As interest in the problem-oriented medical record (POMR) develops, and more
      medical settings begin to implement the system, many observers are expressing a
      desire to know how well the system is being used and accepted. Moreover, settings
      currently using the POMR system have a need to document the effectiveness of
      their POMR program as a means of insuring continued progress and for addressing
      difficulties and obstacles affecting its use. Format review is a technique for
      reviewing patient records and describing patterns of POMR use. Patient records of
      an institution are reviewed concurrent to the patient's contact with the
      institution. Data collected from each record is summarized to provide an overview
      on patterns of POMR use and to identify areas of difficulty. These findings can
      serve as the basis for educational and administrative intervention to improve use
      of POMR. The format review technique is explained and examples of its application
      are given. The technique has been used at Michael Reese Hospital and Medical
      Center over the past two years, and has proven to be a useful tool in describing
      the implementation progress of POMR.

PMID- 1085851
TI  - [Report of 125 esophageal carcinomas (author's transl)].
AB  - This report concerns our experience in the treatment of 125 patients with
      carcinoma of the esophagus during 17 years (excluding the cardiac region of the
      stomach). In our material predisponsing factors had no effect upon the age of the
      patients. The symptomatology is described, the causes of postoperative
      complications and mortality are discussed. The principal indications are
      mentioned and technical considerations are summariced. Radical tumor resection
      resulted in a 2 year survival rate of 23 percent. Palliativ resections in cases
      of advanced carcinoma are refused because of the high mortality rate and the
      small expectation of life.

PMID- 1085852
TI  - [Technique of submucous sclerosing in patients with bleeding esophageal varices -
      therapeutic results (author's transl)].
AB  - Acute hemorrhage from esophageal varices is becoming more and more frequent,
      implying a poor prognosis for the patient and necessitating dramatic therapeutic
      procedures by the physician or the surgeon. Regular endoscopic controls of
      patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension are necessary before the
      first bleeding occurs in spite of negative X-ray findings of the esophagus, since
      long-term therapeutic results may be inproved by such controls. Sclerosing the
      esophageal wall does not occlude the esophageal veins, which do remain open
      consequently; they are just "displaced" deeper into the mucosa. There are no
      risks or complications of this procedure especially when esophageal varices are
      just beginning to form and when the esophageal mucosa is still being intact.
      Therapeutic results are encouraging, and they are better as compared to the
      results of emergency shunt or elective shunt surgery. Until short time ago
      sclerosing the esophageal wall was sort of a preliminary preoperative therapeutic
      procedure. Today it is a well established therapy in its own right, although it
      is, as is shunt surgery, symptomatic therapy. It does seem to be superior however
      to all other forms of therapy aimed at preventing or treating esophageal
      bleeding, since primary mortality seems to be lower and longterm results seem to
      be better.

PMID- 1085853
TI  - Cannabinols and the rosette forming properties of lymphocytes in vitro.

PMID- 1085854
TI  - Microsurgery for cerebellopontine angle tumors.

PMID- 1085855
TI  - Genetic hypotheses induced by unusual colour vision phenotypes.

PMID- 1085856
TI  - Non-allelic compounds of protan and deutan deficiencies.

PMID- 1085857
TI  - A family with congenital deutan and tritan defects.
AB  - A family has been found with deuteranopia and a tritan defect which is not sex
      linked. It is proposed that there is also an autosomal dominant gene for tritan
      defects showing variable expressivity.

PMID- 1085858
TI  - Ophthalmological findings in the tritans, described by Wright and Kalmus.

PMID- 1085859
TI  - Colour vision deficiencies and haemophilia.
AB  - Our investigations have following results: In the Rath-von Verschuer family,
      which is so extraordinary that the authenticity sometimes had been doubted, we
      found that crossing overs which were present in 50% of the cases were shown by
      the combination of protan defect and haemophilia B. This corresponds exactly to
      the observation of Whittaker and co-workers, who starting from that fact,
      concluded that there was a remarkable distance between the protan gene and
      haemophilia B gene on the chromosome. The observation enlarges the number of
      pedigrees with the combination of protan defect and haemophilia B. At the same
      time, however, we are doubtful that there might be a probable preference for this
      combination. With regard to the question whether manifestation of protanopia and
      protanomaly in any given form could be influenced by an additional factor in the
      X-chromosome, our present investigations give no reliable data.

PMID- 1085860
TI  - Coloured stimuli within the central visual field of carriers of dichtomatism.

PMID- 1085861
TI  - A consideration of the racial incidence of congenital dyschromats in males and
      females.
AB  - The female incidence of congenital dyschromats corresponds to the square of the
      males in the Northern European populations, but this relation is not always true
      in the non-white races. The above-mentioned facts in the non-white races which
      are theoretically strange are considered to be caused by an anti-glare factor of
      pigment epithelium in their eyes, on the assumption that the abnormal color sense
      of color defectives may be a special form of visual dysfunction glare pointed out
      by IINUMA.

PMID- 1085862
TI  - A study of colour vision defect in a valley population in the West of Scotland.

PMID- 1085863
TI  - Data concerning colour vision deficiencies amongst 29,985 young Greeks.
AB  - In this survey, 29,985 young Greek employees were screened by the Ishihara plates
      and if necessary by further more detailed methods (including anomaloscope). The
      examination of 21,231 young males revealed 212 (1.00%) protanopes, 241 (1.14%)
      deuteranopes, 254 (1.20%) protanomalous, 978 (4.61%) deuteranomalous and 2 with
      monochromatic vision. In total, 1,678 males (7.95%) had a colour vision
      disturbance. The examination of 8,754 young females revealed 1 (0.01%) protanope,
      2 (0.02%) deuteranope, 3 (0.03%) protanomalous and 31 (0.35%) deuteranomalous; no
      case of monochromatic vision in females was detected. In total, only 37 (0.42%)
      females had a detectable colour vision disturbance with applied screening method.
      These results are discussed and compaired with the available bibliographic data.

PMID- 1085864
TI  - Wavelength discrimination in protanopes and deuteranopes.

PMID- 1085865
TI  - Tritan defects found by using Velhagen's pseudoisochromatic plates (24th
      edition).

PMID- 1085866
TI  - The value of tissue paper contrast tests.

PMID- 1085867
TI  - Size and desaturation scales in test for diagnosis of color vision deficiencies.

PMID- 1085868
TI  - Design of diagnostic tests for congenital and acquired colour vision defects.

PMID- 1085870
TI  - Multi-colour tests for abnormal colour vision.

PMID- 1085869
TI  - Basic mechanisms of defective colour vision.

PMID- 1085871
TI  - A new screening method for detecting colour vision deficiencies.
AB  - Diagnostic colour vision examinations are generally administered with the
      anomaloscope. But this instrument requires a lot of time and experience for the
      tests as well as for the interpretation of the results. In practical use, it will
      be sufficient in most cases to know whether normal colour vision is present or
      not, and it is not necessary to use sophisticated devices. So it was considered
      desirable during the TCU conference on colour vision defects held in London in
      March 1973 [1] to have a testing method for practical use which is both accurate
      and time saving. At the time when this demand was brought up, a new colour vision
      test was being developed by Rodenstock [2]. It enables semi-skilled personnel to
      perform the test independently of ambient light condition in only 20-30 sec and
      to effect a classification of the type of colour vision at the same time [3].

PMID- 1085872
TI  - Special mixture curves with interference filters for dichromatic and anomalous
      trichromatic subjects of the red/green type.

PMID- 1085873
TI  - Summary of the report of the working party on standardization of the
      International Research Group on colour vision deficiencies.

PMID- 1085874
TI  - Optokinetic nystagmus.

PMID- 1085875
TI  - Pupillary spectral sensitivity in normals and colour defectives.

PMID- 1085876
TI  - Use of the Rayleigh equation as an objecte determinant of colour vision defects.

PMID- 1085877
TI  - Visually evoked cortical potential (VECP) in dichromats.
AB  - The fundamental spectral sensitivity functions in man were studied by recording
      the visually evoked cortical potential (VECP). Using steadily presented strong
      blue-green and purple adaptation lights, two different spectral sensitivity
      functions were obtained with peaks in the green (540 nm) and in the red (590 nm)
      part of the spectrum. Only one peak (540 nm) was found in protanopia. The
      specific shift in deuteranopia and the influence of a blue-sensitive mechanism is
      discussed.

PMID- 1085878
TI  - Experimental alteration of the red cone photoreceptor process.
AB  - In our experiments, intense monochromatic coherent light (647.1nm) was used to
      permanently alter the red cone process. As the turtle (Pseudemys) is very
      sensitive in the red region of the spectrum, it was chosen as an appropriate
      animal model in which to study initially experimentally induced protanopia. Dark
      adaptation and spectral sensitivity functions were measured for ERG criteria
      using a vector voltmeter. Successive dark adaptation functions were measured for
      chromatic light adaptation levels from full bleach to about two log units above
      full bleach, where the dark adaptation was abruptly altered in its dynamic range
      by about one log unit. Pre- and post-exposure measurements showed the action
      spectra suppressed in sensitivity by about one log unit from 600 to 660 nm. A
      small depression in the short wavelength region (420-500nm) was also observed.

PMID- 1085879
TI  - Long-term adaptation to ophthalmic tinted lenses.

PMID- 1085880
TI  - Altered ocular pigments, photostable and labile: two causes of deuteranomalous
      trichromacy.

PMID- 1085881
TI  - Albinism and colour defects.

PMID- 1085882
TI  - Colour vision deficiencies in young diabetics.

PMID- 1085883
TI  - Genetic correlation of diabetic exudative retinopathy.

PMID- 1085884
TI  - Colour vision in a pedigree with autosomal dominant optic atrophy.

PMID- 1085885
TI  - A case of acquired tritanopia.

PMID- 1085886
TI  - Electrophysiologically determined spectral sensitivities of the colour mechanisms
      of normal and dichromatic subjects.

PMID- 1085887
TI  - Unilateral colour vision defect resembling tritanopia.
AB  - A case of unilateral tritan defect is described. Colour-naming experiments showed
      that the tritanopic eye could perceive multiple colour hues. Although the defect
      resembled congenital tritanopia, it was considered to be acquired secondary to
      retinal pathology.

PMID- 1085888
TI  - An atypical color deficiency with extreme loss of sensitivity in the yellow
      region of the spectrum.

PMID- 1085889
TI  - Hemispheric differences in hue discrimination.

PMID- 1085891
TI  - Diagnosis of color vision deficiencies in learning- disabled children.

PMID- 1085890
TI  - Flicker sensitivity of the long-wavelength mechanisms of normal and dichromatic
      observers.

PMID- 1085892
TI  - Foveal chromatic dark adaptation functions of red-green deficient subjects.

PMID- 1085893
TI  - A new visual pigment model to account for colour vision defect.

PMID- 1085894
TI  - Mechanisms of peripheral colour vision.

PMID- 1085895
TI  - Central and peripheral achromatic points in protanopes and deuteranopes.

PMID- 1085896
TI  - Achromatic isopters on coloured background in some acquired colour vision
      deficiencies.

PMID- 1085897
TI  - Genetics of colour vision.

PMID- 1085898
TI  - Pursuit of the elusive: adventure in quest of a specific test for pancreatic
      amylase.

PMID- 1085899
TI  - Management of major gastrointentinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1085900
TI  - Beyond the C.G. Child classification: preoperative parameters predicting survival
      in patients with protacaval shunts.

PMID- 1085901
TI  - Psychological problems following ileostomy and colostomy.

PMID- 1085902
TI  - Epidermoid cyst of the spleen: case report and discussion.

PMID- 1085903
TI  - Profunda femoris revascularization: a new technique.

PMID- 1085904
TI  - A phytobezoar in an adult.

PMID- 1085905
TI  - Lymphosarcoma of the large bowel.

PMID- 1085906
TI  - The use of gastric pouches in gastric physiology: I. Techniques in the
      preparation of gastric pouches.

PMID- 1085907
TI  - The use of gastric pouches in gastric physiology: II. Maintenance of animals and
      pouches.

PMID- 1085909
TI  - Modified radical mastectomy.

PMID- 1085908
TI  - Surgical versus injection treatment for varicose veins.

PMID- 1085910
TI  - Carcinoma of the small intestine in Crohn's disease--occurrence in a bypassed
      loop.

PMID- 1085911
TI  - Pyoderma gangrenosum in ulcerative colitis: prevention of the gangrenous
      component.

PMID- 1085912
TI  - Adventitial cyst of the popliteal artery with secondary inflammatory entrapment.

PMID- 1085913
TI  - An interesting case of cancer of the sigmoid with concomitant cancer in an anal
      fistula.

PMID- 1085914
TI  - Mutation induction by MNNG in a bacteriophage of Haemophilus influenzae.
AB  - Three temperature-sensitive mutants of the Haemophilus influenzae phage HP1c1
      were tested for reversion to wild type (ts leads to ts+). Treatment with N-methyl
      N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) produced revertants at levels up to 0.1% of
      the total progeny phage from treated lysogens. Cells treated with MNNG after
      infection with whole ts phage produced progeny phage with similar reversion
      frequencies, but when the uninfected cells or the phage were treated alone no
      reversion was induced. Fixation of premutational lesions was shown to occur with
      no evidence for host-cell DNA synthesis, indicating that phage DNA synthesis may
      be responsible for fixation of mutation in phage DNA. Evidence is given which
      shows that prophage DNA replicating by the cells' replicating system after
      treatment and before induction, produces the same number of revertants per
      survivor as phage DNA which is replicated outside the host genome. Two of the
      phage mutants (ts1 and ts2) reverted at similar frequencies, while one of the
      mutants (ts3) exhibited a much lower induced reversion frequency.

PMID- 1085915
TI  - Sex differences in formation of anti-T-cell antibodies.

PMID- 1085916
TI  - Suppression of adenocarcinoma by the immunological consequences of calorie
      restriction.

PMID- 1085917
TI  - Transformation of thymocytes by thymus epithelium derived from AKR mice.

PMID- 1085918
TI  - [Immunobiology of tuberculosis].
AB  - R. Koch showed in 1882 in his so-called fundamental experiment that tuberculous
      guinea pigs exhibit a vigorous immunity against re-infection. In investigations
      in 1930--40 we showed that this immunity is not mediated by humoral antibodies.
      It is a cellular process, a local and general activation of the macrophage system
      (the system of mononuclear phagocytes). The tuberculous granuloma consists of
      activated macrophages and their descendants (epitheloid and giant cells), which
      inhibit the growth and spreading of tubercle bacilli. The role of the specific
      and unspecific activation of the macrophage system could be demonstrated in
      experiments on rats, infected with Bartonella muris ratti. These early results
      are related to the recent knowledge concerning cellular immunity and
      granulomatous inflammation, especially to the cooperation between the lymphatic
      and macrophage system.

PMID- 1085919
TI  - [Salicyl deafness].

PMID- 1085920
TI  - [Rapid atrial stimulation in therapy of atrial flutter].
AB  - Personal experience in 12 cases of atrial flutter treated with various types of
      atrial electrostimulation is reported. In 6 cases the sinusal rhythm was obtained
      immediately. In the remaining cases sinusal rhythm was also obtained with atrial
      fibrillation from a minimum of 2 minutes to a maximum of 48 hours.

PMID- 1085921
TI  - [Treatment of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy].

PMID- 1085922
TI  - Acute abdominal injuries in children.

PMID- 1085923
TI  - The widened spectrum of multiple cartilaginous exostosis (MCE).
AB  - 2 brothers with possible homozygous multiple cartilaginous exostosis (MCE) are
      reported. The MCE-PD-(Peripheral Dysostosis) syndrome is discussed. A family
      (father, daughter and son) with Metachondromatosis is presented, and the tendency
      to spontaneous remission in this condition is emphasized. A "second thought",
      when considering the diagnosis of mce, seems worthwhile.

PMID- 1085924
TI  - Epiglottitis: incidence of extraepiglottic infection: report of 72 cases and
      review of the literature.
AB  - A review of 72 cases of epiglottitis seen at the Children's Hospital of Denver
      was undertaken to determine the incidence of extraepiglottic and septic foci in
      this disease. A parallel review of the literature was also undertaken. The
      clinical, bacteriologic, laboratory, and radiologic findings of this patient
      population are described. A 25% incidence of both pneumonia and cervical
      lymphadenitis was found to be associated with this illness. Exudative tonsillitis
      and otitis media were the only other complications, although they were
      infrequently noted. No cases of septic arthritis or meningitis were encountered,
      although 50% of these patients were recognized as bacteremic. A low incidence of
      septic complications (eight cases of meningitis and one case of periarticular
      abscess) is noted in a review of the literature. Recommendations for antibiotic
      management and definition of the population at risk for septic complications are
      given.

PMID- 1085925
TI  - Risk of combination of tri-acetyl-oleandomycin and ergotamine tartrate.

PMID- 1085926
TI  - [Intestinal lavage with a mannitol solution. Its use in intestinal hemorrhages of
      cirrhotic patients].

PMID- 1085927
TI  - Cleavage map of bacteriophage phiX174 RF DNA by restriction enzymes.
AB  - phiX RF DNA was cleaved by restriction enzymes from Haemophilus influenzae Rf
      (Hinf I) and Haemophilus haemolyticus (Hha. I). Twenty one fragments of
      approximately 25 to 730 base pairs were produced by Hinf I and seventeen
      fragments of approximately 40 to 1560 base pairs by Hha I. The order of these
      fragments has been established by digestion on Haemophilus awgyptius (Hae III)
      and Arthrobacter luteus (Alu I) endonuclease fragments of phiX RF with Hinf I and
      Hha1. By this method of reciprocal digestion a detailed cleavage map of phiX RF
      DNA was constructed, which includes also the previously determined Hind II, Hae
      III and Alu I cleavage maps of phiX 174 RF DNA (1, 2). Moreover, 28 conditional
      lethal mutants of bacteriophage phiX174 were placed in this map using the genetic
      fragment assay (3).

PMID- 1085928
TI  - [Peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1085929
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic aspects of sick sinus syndrome].

PMID- 1085930
TI  - [E-aminocaproic acid in the treatment of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1085931
TI  - [Risks attendant on the use of electrical equipment in anaesthesia and intensive
      care units].
AB  - The physical principles of electricity and types of electrical injuries are
      reviewed. The extent of such injuries depends on the strength of the current:
      ventricular fibrillations can be induced by a current of 10mA, and even of 10 muA
      if the current passes directly through the heart. The extent of electrothermal
      injuries depends on the duration of the current flow and the contact area.
      Indirect electrical injuries may arise from interferance with cardiac pacemakers
      or monitoring equipment. Risks attendant on the use of even the "safest"
      electrical apparatus are discussed, with special reference to the risks arising
      from interaction between, e.g., high frequency diathermy and monitoring equipment
      or domestic appliances (beside lamp, razor) and monitoring or electrical
      therapeutic equipment. A number of safety measures to minimize the risk of
      electrical injuries are discussed.

PMID- 1085932
TI  - [Influence of the environment on the metamorphosis of amphibians (temperature,
      light, molecular concentration of water)].

PMID- 1085933
TI  - [Transfusion therapy in emergency surgery].

PMID- 1085934
TI  - Induction of splenic granulopoiesis in vitro.
AB  - Murine spleen cells were cultured in vitro to study the induction of committed
      granulopoietic stem cell (CFU-C) proliferation and maturation. Marbrook-type
      diffusion cultures were established with and without the addition of colony
      stimulating activity (CSA) and harvested at intervals up to 14 days for viable
      and differential cell counts, [3H]TdR autoradiography, and quantitation of CFU-C
      by the agar plate method. Without CSA there was poor cell viability and little
      proliferative capacity. In CSA-stimulated cultures there was a prominent rise in
      viable cell counts and [3H]TdR labeling indices rose from a mean of 2% at 0 time
      to 47% after 5 days in vitro. CFU-C increased by 70-fold in these cultures. Peak
      numbers of CFU-C, immature cells, and [3H]TdR-labeled cells occurred at about 7
      days. Thereafter, mature granulocytes and macrophages predominated in culture.
      Because the liquid spleen cell culture system begins in a resting state and
      undergoes a wave of proliferative activity in response to CSA, it can provide a
      useful model system for studying phenomena associated with stem cell activation
      and differentiation in vitro.

PMID- 1085935
TI  - Human lymphocyte subpopulations: the effect of pregnancy.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes from pregnant and nonpregnant females were studied
      for the presence of the following surface receptors: (i) Receptor for heat
      aggregated human IgG (AggIgG); (ii) Receptor(s) for complement components; (iii)
      Receptor for sheep red blood cells (SRBC). Absolute numbers of lymphocytes with
      receptors for complement and those with receptors for SRBC were present in equal
      numbers in both groups. However, in the pregnant females there was a
      significantly lower number of lymphocytes with receptors for AggIgG. It is
      hypothesized that some of the immunological changes which occur during pregnancy
      may be mediated partly through changes in the total numbers of certain lymphocyte
      subpopulations.

PMID- 1085936
TI  - Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) activity in rat plasma.
AB  - The ACTH-releasing activity of hypothalamic extract and rat plasma was examined
      with the dispersed rat pituitary cell technique of Swallow and Sayer (8).
      Although both plasma and serum caused ACTH release which was dose-related, stress
      did not enhance the ACTH releasing activity. Furthermore, separation studies of
      plasma using ultrafiltration and gel separation suggest that the CRF activity in
      plasma is associated with molecules of a molecular weight greater than 15,000.

PMID- 1085937
TI  - Central monoamine deficiency in depressions: causative of secondary phenomenon?
AB  - There are indications for a functional deficiency of 5-HT and DA in certain kinds
      of depression. The question arises if these biochemical disturbances are primary
      or secondary, whether they contribute to the pathogenesis of the depression or
      whether they result from it. From research with MA precursors we drew the
      tentative conclusion that they are presumabely primary and interrelated with the
      depression in a causal and/or predisposing way.

PMID- 1085938
TI  - Bi-axial rotation device: a means for providing complex vestibular stimulations.

PMID- 1085939
TI  - [Effect of ionizing radiation on lymphoid cell populations in mice].

PMID- 1085940
TI  - The effects of intramyometrial injection of prostaglandin F2alpha on severe post
      partum hemorrhage.
AB  - Effectiveness of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) in controlling postpartum
      uterine hemorrhage was evaluated with the following results. (1) Systemic
      administration, whether by continuous i.v. infusion or by gluteal i.m. injection,
      was not a completely adequate method for hemostasis. (2) Local administration by
      directly injecting into the uterine musculature, whether transabdominally or
      transvaginally, resulted in a dramatic reduction of the rate of bleeding. Routine
      clinical application of the direct intramyometrial injection of PGF2alpha for
      severe post-partum hemorrhage is recommended in view of its easy performance,
      excellent hemostatic effect, minimal side effects and good prognosis.

PMID- 1085941
TI  - [Endometrial adenomatous hyperplasia. Analysis of the karyometric variations
      caused by medorxyprogesterone acetate].

PMID- 1085942
TI  - [Hormonal studies of patients with schistosomiasis mansoni somatic and puberal
      underdevelopment].

PMID- 1085943
TI  - [Experimental evaluation of valvular mechanism brought about by esophagogastric
      plication (Nissen's operation) in preventing gastroesophageal reflux].

PMID- 1085944
TI  - [Diet therapy of renal failure: adaptation to Brazilian habits].

PMID- 1085945
TI  - [Experience with hycanthone in 3,100 carriers of schistosomiasis mansoni].

PMID- 1085946
TI  - [Evaluation of the behavior of human dura mater under the effect of different
      preserving agents].

PMID- 1085947
TI  - [Vacuum drainage in radical mastectomies].

PMID- 1085948
TI  - [Esophagocoloplasty in reconstruction of the alimentary tract].

PMID- 1085949
TI  - [Prognostic factors observed upon adminission to intensive care].

PMID- 1085950
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1085951
TI  - [Comparative study of cardio-respiratory reactions in young adults non-trained
      and trained in moderate exercises].

PMID- 1085952
TI  - [Venous graft bypass technic in the repair of arterial traumatic lesions of the
      extremities].

PMID- 1085953
TI  - [Duodenal infiltration by gastric cancer].

PMID- 1085954
TI  - [Henley-Soupault technic of gastric transit reconstruction in the treatment of
      postgastrectomy syndromes].

PMID- 1085955
TI  - [Basal cell nevous syndrome (5.a phakomatosis)].

PMID- 1085956
TI  - [Experience in pulmonary valve replacement].

PMID- 1085957
TI  - [Treatment of recurrent Cushing's disease after bilateral total adrenalectomy and
      autografting of the adrenal gland].

PMID- 1085958
TI  - [Use of radial-cephalic arteriovenous fistula in chronic hemodialysis].

PMID- 1085959
TI  - [Determination of E-rosettes as a prognostic factor in breast cancer].

PMID- 1085960
TI  - [Evaluation of vestibular reflexivity by study of cumulative eye movements.
      Technic and results of cumulometry].

PMID- 1085961
TI  - [Congenital nystagmus and vestibular exploration[].

PMID- 1085962
TI  - [Pharmacokinetics of benziodarone labelled with I-131].
AB  - Regarding the importance of benziodarone (Retrangor) -- 2-ethyl-3-(3',5'-diiodo
      4'-hidrovibenzoyl)benzofuran -- in medical practic, in respect of its vasodilator
      and uricosuric action, a working plan was developed intending to study the
      biological distribution of the drug in rats Wistar and, using the plasmatic
      curve, to find out the existence of other compartements besides the intravascular
      one. With these data, the rhytms of benziodarone exchange were established,
      simulating its distribution in the organism. It was possible to develop this
      working project because the benziodarone structure could be labelled with iodine
      131, using an isotopic exchange reaction, having chloramine T as an oxidant
      agent. The labelled compound was employed as radioactive tracer, and its specific
      activities varied from 18 uCi/mg to 20 uCi/mg.

PMID- 1085963
TI  - [Electrical stimulation therapy and its effects on the general activity of motor
      impaired cerebral palsied children; a comparative study of the Bobath
      physiotherapy and its combination with the Hufschmidt electrical stimulation
      therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - The purpose of this study was to answer the following questions: (1) Is it more
      effective to treat spastic cerebral palsy with the Hufschmidt electrical
      stimulation therapy combined with the Bobath neuro-development treatment or only
      with the Bobath therapy? (2) Can a general increase in activity be obtained by
      the electrotherapeutic muscle stimulation? A test group (combined
      Hufschmidt/Bobath therapy) and a control group (Bobath), both consisting of 10
      subjects, were observed for four months. The duration of observation was divided
      into two four months treatment periods with a rest interval of two months in
      between. At the start of therapeutic measures, motor activity and psychic
      condition were tested with corresponding motormetric and psychodiagnostic
      techniques; three check-up examinations were carried out at the end of the first,
      and at the beginning and end of the second period of treatment. The motor-metric
      control examination showed that at the end of the first period the test group had
      achieved by far the better results, but at the end of the second therapeutic
      period, both groups were equally successful. The combined electrophysiotherapy
      hence reached in a relatively shorter time - as it were by leaps and bounds - the
      optimal obtainable state of functional improvements which, with the Bobath
      therapy alone, can be effected more slowly but with more continuity. The
      psychodiagnostic controls clearly indicate that the electrical stimulation
      produced an unspecified increase in activity, especially after the first phase of
      treatment, whereas in the second phase this could only be proven in a graded
      form. The report closes with an examination of the results and their consequences
      for the implementation of the treatment for cerebral palsied children.

PMID- 1085964
TI  - [Rheumatologic problems in patients with nerve lesions in the rehabilitative
      stages: clinico-statistical data from 4 years of experience].

PMID- 1085965
TI  - [Evaluation of immunological parameters in experimental arthritis in rabbits with
      induced silicosis].

PMID- 1085966
TI  - [Anatomo-histological findings in experimental arthritis in rabbits with induced
      silicosis].

PMID- 1085967
TI  - [IgG type rheumatoid factor in inflammatory rheumatism].

PMID- 1085968
TI  - [Classification of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1085969
TI  - [The training of the rheumatologist (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085970
TI  - [Enhanced radiological visualization of esophageal varices after buscopan induced
      esophageal hypotonia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1085971
TI  - [Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: its relation to central nervous system diseases].

PMID- 1085972
TI  - [A case of congenital hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery].

PMID- 1085973
TI  - [Temporal semi-circular incision for approaching lesions localized at the base of
      the skull].

PMID- 1085974
TI  - [Cystic anomalies of the dural sac].

PMID- 1085975
TI  - [Value of taste disorders in Bell's facial paralysis].

PMID- 1085976
TI  - [Music therapy in schizophrenia].

PMID- 1085977
TI  - [Risks in case of paternal alcoholism].

PMID- 1085978
TI  - [Cerebral biopsy: indications, value, results].

PMID- 1085979
TI  - [Diagnostic problems in craniopharyngioma].

PMID- 1085980
TI  - [Psychopathological dimensions of non-psychiatric patients (comparative study
      between hospitalized and ambulatory patients in a general hospital)].

PMID- 1085981
TI  - Immunodepression in mice following Schistosoma mansoni infection.

PMID- 1085982
TI  - [Comparative cytophotometric evaluation of thymic and bursal lymphocytes in
      chickens].

PMID- 1085983
TI  - [Synthesis of mucin in the oviduct of Rana esculenta and Lacerta sicula during
      the reproductive cycle].

PMID- 1085984
TI  - [T and B lymphocytes. Their differentiation. The specific diseases they cause].

PMID- 1085985
TI  - Hearing loss as a sequel to chloramphenicol and ampicillin treatment of
      Haemophilus influenzae meningitis.
AB  - 20 patients with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis who had been treated with
      chloramphenicol over the period 1959-1970 and 23 patients who had been treated
      with ampicillin over the period 1968-1974 were re-examined by hearing tests in
      1975. In all the cases the two agents had been given initially by the parenteral
      route, chloramphenicol in doses varying between 50 and 150 (averaging 101)
      mg/kg/day and ampicillin in doses varying between 125 and 350 (averaging 229)
      mg/kg/day. Five of the 20 patients in the chloramphenicol group were found to be
      deaf on one ear, whereas 1 of the 23 patients in the ampicillin group was
      completely deaf. A further 3 in the chloramphenicol group and 1 in the ampicillin
      group had slight sensorineural hearing loss on one ear. Only in 2 of the 6 deaf
      patients was the loss discovered during the time of hospital care. The present
      study has not provided any evidence supporting the recently reported observation
      (Gamstorp and Klockhoff, 1974) that the frequency of hearing loss might be higher
      after ampicillin than after chloramphenicol treatment for H. influenzae
      meningitis.

PMID- 1085986
TI  - Potassium accumulation in muscle: a test of the binding hypothesis.
AB  - Living frog skeletal muscle can accumulate potassium in vitro to concentrations
      up to 580 millimolar. Both the amount of potassium accumulated and the
      relationship between intracellular and extracellular potassium concentrations
      indicate that potassium is "free" under all conditions, rather than bound to
      cellular macromolecules. The data also indicate that at most 20 percent of the
      cell water is "bound" in the sense that it excludes electrolytes.

PMID- 1085987
TI  - [Gastric hemorrhage in Osler-Rendu disease].

PMID- 1085988
TI  - [Thrombohemorrhagic syndrome in bacillary dysentery].

PMID- 1085989
TI  - [Surgical tactics in stomach cancer complicated by hemorrhage].

PMID- 1085990
TI  - [Choice of a method of blood transfusion in clinical practice].

PMID- 1085991
TI  - [Notes on rheumatology].

PMID- 1085992
TI  - [Clinical application of Fc-rosette. 1. Inhibition of Fc-rosette formation by
      systemic lupus erythematosus sera. A method for detection of circulating immune
      complexes].

PMID- 1085993
TI  - CSF enhancement for computerized tomography.
AB  - Metrizamide cisternography, combined with hypocycloidal tomography, has been
      performed in 12 patients with possible posterior fossa or parasellar mass lesions
      with finely detailed images of the basal cisterns resulting. Computed tomography
      was performed in nine of these patients and produced exceptional images of the
      cisternal anatomy. The technique of cerebrospinal fluid enhancement may be
      efficacious in identifying small basal masses not shown with conventional
      computed tomography, and thus may form an important complement to enhancement by
      intravenous injection of contrast medium.

PMID- 1085994
TI  - Total excision of the sternum and thoracic pedicle transposition of the greater
      omentum; useful strategems in managing severe mediastinal infection following
      open heart surgery.
AB  - Mediastinal sepsis following open heart surgery is a significant cause of death.
      Open drainage of the mediastinumalone was employed originally in management of
      this problem. More recently, debridement, drainage, and reclosure have been used.
      Various irrigation solutions, such as antibiotics and Betadine, have been
      advocated to control severe mediastinal sepsis. Three principles of management in
      patients unresponsiveness to the above techniques have proved successful in two
      patients with life-threatening mediastinal sepsis: (1) radical, complete excision
      of the sternum and adjacent costal cartilages; (2) transposition of the greater
      omentum on a vascular pedicle to the mediastinum; and (3) primary closure with
      full-thickness rotational skin flaps. The radical excision of the sternum removes
      residual foci of sepsis in cartilage and sternal bone marrow. The transposition
      of the omentum provides a highly vascular, rapidly granulating covering for the
      contaminated great vessels and hase been successfully to prevent recurrence of
      suture line bleeding of an exposed ascending aortic anastomosis site. Primary
      closure of the wound with full-thickness skin flaps provides a suprisingly
      satisfactory covering for the heart. Preoperative and postoperative measurements
      of ventilatory mechanics have shown relatively small ventilatory impairment after
      the alteration of the thoracic cage imposed by excision of the sternum. Two
      patients have returned to active lives. A treatment failure probably due to
      incomplete adherence to these guidelines also is presented.

PMID- 1085995
TI  - Surgical management of complicated acute coronary insufficiency.
AB  - Acute coronary insufficiency (ACI) has a one year mortality rate approximating 40
      percent with medical treatment alone. This report reviews our experience over 24
      months with preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump assist (IABPA) in 42 patients
      with ACI. Abnormal left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics were present in the
      majority of patients; the ejection fraction was less than 40 percent in 14
      patients. The endocardial viability ratio (EVR) was less than 0.7 in eight
      patients. The mean coronary artery score was 13, compared to 9 in an otherwise
      comparable group of patients with stable angina. Left main coronary stenosis
      greater than 75 percent was present in seven patients and combined with
      significant stenosis (less than 72 percent) in the dominant right system in four
      patients. Four patients had proximal stenoses greater than 90 percent in all
      three major coronary arteries. IABPA was initiated in 11 patients prior to
      angiography because of refractory rest pain. One of these six patients died.
      Twenty-five other patients were supported before and six after induction of
      general anesthesia. Thirty-three of 36 revascularized patients survived. Of four
      patients with perioperative myocardial infarctions (12 percent), three had IABPA
      after induction of general anesthesia. Inotropic support and duration of stay
      both in intensive care and in the hospital were less than in similar patients
      treated before the use of IABPA.

PMID- 1085996
TI  - [Case of alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency in severe forms of chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1085997
TI  - [Complication of endoscopic polypectomy].

PMID- 1085998
TI  - [Observation in 10 calves with a survival time of more than 100 hours after total
      heart replacement (author's transl)].
AB  - It is reported on 10 calves surviving total artificial heart replacement more
      than 100 hours. Pneumatically driven double-chambered blood pumps made of
      silastic were implanted. During the experiments an increase of the right atrial
      pressure as well as a rise of the perfusion volumes (CO) and of the blood volumes
      could be found regularly. At autopsy congestion of the organs especially of the
      liver was a regular finding. The changed hemodynamic is first seen as possible
      reason for this developments. The influence of anemia and the possible
      disturbances in the neurohumoral autoregulation of the animals by unphysiologic
      pressure curves are discussed.

PMID- 1085999
TI  - [Silicone embolism, fat embolism, and fibrin thrombosis in dogs after
      extracorporeal circulation using a bubble-oxygenator (author's transl)].
AB  - Following extracorporeal circulation with a bubble oxygenator (Rygg-Kyvsgaard)
      silicone emboli were found in the brain-and-kidney-capillaries of all dogs
      evaluated. There was no obvious correlation between intensity of silicone
      embolism and pump time. No cellular reaction was seen around the anti-foam agent.
      Occasionally single small areas of embolic brain damage were found. During
      extracorporeal circulation and within a recovery period up to one hour no
      silicone excretion through the kidneys could be demonstrated. Systemic fat
      embolism occurred less frequent than previously reported. Use of a filter in the
      cardiotomy suction line reduced its intensity further. In neither of the various
      organs examined, disseminated intravascular thrombosis could be found.

PMID- 1086000
TI  - [Double mitral valve combined with an intermediate type of persistent
      atrioventricular canal. A contribution to surgical correction (author's transl)].
AB  - A case of double mitral valve combined with an intermediate type of
      atrioventricular canal is reported. After repairing the cleft in the aortic cusp
      of the mitral valve there resulted a mitral stenosis, which could be corrected by
      cutting the bridge between the two mitral orifices. In regarding the genesis of
      double mitral valve it seems possible, that there are two different types of this
      congenital malformation.

PMID- 1086001
TI  - [Report of the Capacity Determination Committee of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur
      Thorax-, Herz- und Gefasschirurgie. I. Patients suffering from surgical thoracic
      or cardiovascular complaints in the Federal Republic of Germany].

PMID- 1086002
TI  - [Report of the Capacity Determination Committee of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur
      Thorax-, Herz- und Gefasschirurgie. II. Prerequisites of efficient hospital
      operation].

PMID- 1086003
TI  - [The 5th Annual Convention of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Thorax-, Herz- und
      Gefasschirurgie, February 19-21, 1976 in Bad Nauheim, presided by Professor W.
      Bricks, M.D., Dusseldorf. Opening address].

PMID- 1086004
TI  - [Anatomy and pathology of the tricuspid valve (author's transl)].
AB  - Anatomy and pathology of the tricuspid valve are presented in a short survey.
      Annulus fibrosus and leaflets are less firm than those of the mitral valve,
      whereas the tricuspid orifice is larger than the mitral orifice. Isolated
      tricuspid disease - congenital or acquired - occurs only rarely. Functional non
      organic tricuspid regurgitation is clinically of primary importance.

PMID- 1086005
TI  - [Incidence and relevance of tricuspid-valve insufficiency in acquired mitral
      valve defect. Analysis based on right ventricular angiograms].
AB  - To detect tricuspid incompetence (TI) right ventricular angiography was performed
      in 167 patients suffering from moderate to severe mitral valve disease.
      Holosystolic reflux of contrast medium to the right atrium through the central
      part of the tricuspid valve was thought to represent true TI, whereas a jet of
      contrast medium following the injection catheter and originating from the region
      of its valve passage was assumed to reflect arteficial regurgitation. True TI was
      found in 35% of the total group (30% mild to moderate, 5% severe TI). TI was
      often accompanied by atrial fibrillation (91%), pulmonary hypertension (74%) and
      reduced contraction of the tricuspid annulus (55%). Since tricuspid regurgitation
      in mitral valve disease commonly represents "functional" incompetence surgical
      intervention may be recommandable only in case of severe TI or concomitant
      valvular stenosis.

PMID- 1086006
TI  - [Surgical management of acquired tricuspid insufficiency--valvular replacement or
      annuloplasty? (author's transl)].
AB  - 61 patient underwent operative repair of acquired tricuspid insufficiency (T.I.)
      during correction of multiple valvular disease. 45% presented a relative T.I.
      through annular dilatation, while organic lesions of the tricuspid valve were
      found in 56% of the patients. A tricuspid valvular replacement was carried out in
      17, and a tricuspid annuloplasty in 44 patients. We believe that during surgical
      management of multiple valvular lesions, all tricuspid insufficiencies of even
      when only of a slight to moderate degree - should be corrected aggressively.
      Tricuspid valvular replacement should be avoided if possible and a tricuspid
      annuloplasty should be performed.

PMID- 1086007
TI  - [Measurement of cardiac output by impedance cardiography. Experimental studies
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The correlation of impedance cardiography against electromagnetic flow
      measurement was studied in the pig. The conditions tested were normal
      circulation, hypo- und hypervolemia and acute pulmonary hypertension as well as
      the influence of respiration and electrodes location. Correct quantification of
      cardiac output was obtained only in normovolemic circulation during exspiration
      (r = 0,96, m = 1,15, b = 0,04).

PMID- 1086008
TI  - [Cineradiographical studies of local ventricular motility before and after aorto
      coronary bypass (author's transl)].
AB  - The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of surgical revascularization
      on the motility of the left ventricular segment distal to a high grade coronary
      stenosis. In 17 patients with LAD bypass local relative segment shortening lambda
      (lambda = diastolic length - systolic length/diastolic length X 100) was
      determined measuring the distances of coronary bifurcations and surgically
      implanted myocardial metal markers frame by frame in high speed cineradiography.
      A group of 14 patients whose angina pectoris was abolished after operation and
      where bypass proved to be patent showed significant increase of lambda within the
      first postoperative days (lambda preop. = 3,4 +/- 18,3 SD, lambda postop. = 18,9
      +/- 8,0 SD, p less than 0.05). Paradoxical movement had disappeared in 4 cases.
      In the following two-monthly controls up to one year no significant further
      alterations of local motility were seen. Three patients with persisting angina
      did not show any increase of segment shortening. It is concluded that aorto
      coronary bypass surgery can restore impaired local motility in the majority of
      patients. The method described is useful for repeated non-invasive controls of
      the success of operation.

PMID- 1086009
TI  - [Direct measurement of papillary muscle dynamics in the intact canine left
      ventricle during acute coronary occlusion (author's transl)].
AB  - The functions of the normal and ischemic papillary muscle in the intact canine
      heart were studied using an ultrasonic transit time method. Miniaturized
      piezoelectric crystals (1.5-2 mm 0) were implanted during extracorporeal
      circulation into the root and tip of the anterior and posterior papillary muscle
      of the left ventricle. RESULTS: 1. Phasic changes of left ventricular geometry
      during the heart cycle determine the dynamic pattern of papillary muscle
      movements. 2. The amplitude and velocity of papillary muscle length is directly
      related to those of myocardial wall segments. 3. Experimental ischemia induces
      total dysfunction of the papillary muscle within seconds. 4. Despite total muscle
      dysfunction no mitral insufficiency occured.

PMID- 1086010
TI  - [Effects of short time extreme hemodilution with and without hypothermia on
      hemodynamic and biochemical parameters in the pig (author's transl)].
AB  - Extreme hemodilution as "Total Body Washout" (TBW) is a feasible method for the
      clinical therapy of endo- or exogenous intoxication. This method was modified for
      a simple and quick setup. Landrace pigs were hemodiluted with a special heart
      lung-machine. Within 4 minutes the hematocrit was lowered to less than 1%. The
      rectal temperature fell hereby in a normothermic group (n = 15) to 35, 1 +/- 1, 1
      degrees C and in a hypothermic one (n = 13) to 31,1 +/- 1,3 degrees C. The TBW
      was followed by a total exchange transfusion. Most of the parameters that were
      studied did not show significant differences between cold and warm perfusion. The
      proceeding was well tolerated by the animals, they were observed up to 6 weeks.
      Disadvantages of initial surface cooling may be avoided by extreme hemodilution
      with exclusive extracorporal cooling, when cardiac arrest in hypothermia is
      intended.

PMID- 1086011
TI  - [Modern trends in the arteriography of the lower leg arteries (author's transl)].
AB  - The anatomical situation in arteries of the lower leg and foot can be
      demonstrated in an optimal manner with orthograde catheter-technique, biplane
      seriography, magnification and the use of the Medichrome-film. Angiography would
      be carried out in local anaesthesia after injection from Priscolin and an oral
      trunk of alcohol. This technique in 580 legs had no complications. All arteries
      behind arterial occlusions can be demonstrated before and after vascular surgery
      and other therapeutic procedures.

PMID- 1086012
TI  - [Results of reconstructive procedures concerning occlusive arterial disease of
      the full length of the trifurcation of the lower limb (author's transl)].
AB  - 42 vascular reconstructive procedures, concerning occlusions in full length of
      the trifurcation of the lower limb, were carried out in 40 patients. The success
      rate was unsatisfactory. It was as low as 55% after 30 days and 25% after 28
      months. This is thought to be due to wrong indication and unfavorable operative
      proceedings. The high hospital letality of 12%, observed in aged persons only,
      may be reduced by improving post-operative care. It is stressed that any bad
      result of this kind of vascular surgery is connected with a high vital danger to
      the patient in question. Avoiding pre- and intraoperative unfavorable factors is
      rewarded by better early result; thus it is not the method itself but its wrong
      application which is bad.

PMID- 1086013
TI  - [Complications of arterial reconstructions below the knee for chronic vascular
      occlusion (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1967 to 1976 49 reconstructions were undertaken in the area distal of the
      art. poplitea: 30 femoral-crural bypasses, 12 TEA und 7 orthogradic
      desobliterations. Complications until clinical demission were reviewed. There
      were in 8 cases postop. thrombosis which led to 4 amputations. 6 patients
      suffered from wound infection with one consecutive amputation. 4 hemmorages had
      to be stopped surgically. THE OVER ALL RATE OF COMPLICATIONS WAS 36,7% WITH A
      PRIMARY MORTALity of 4%.

PMID- 1086014
TI  - [Objective results of lumbar sympathectomy in peripheral arterial occlusive
      diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - A lumbar sympathectomy was performed on 36 patients with angiographical verified
      arterial occlusion on the upper and lower leg. Pre- and postoperative partly the
      lower leg flow was registered by air plethysmography and the lower leg and bridge
      of foot flow simultaneously registered by the Straine gauge plethysmography.
      Independent of the method an increase of the arterial blood flow was noticed with
      40% of the patients. In spite of this improvement the registered values after the
      reactive hyperemia in lower leg and bridge of foot are still clearly restricted.
      The remaining 60% of the patients however showed a clear worthening of the blood
      flow conditions.

PMID- 1086015
TI  - [The prognosis in, and the limitations set to concervative treatment of occlusion
      of crural arteries (author's transl)].
AB  - Arterial occlusions limited to the lower leg generally respond well to
      therapeutic measures. Claudicatio intermittens can, in most instances, be
      adequately improved by exercise. Major amputations at stages III/IV can be
      avoided in practically all cases by conservative measures, provided the poplitea
      pulse is distinctly palpable. Patients with crural occlusion and necrosis tend to
      develop trophic lesions also at later times. Sympathectomy will be unable to
      prevent such recurrences where nicotine inhalation, the most important factor
      determining the prognosis, is continued.

PMID- 1086016
TI  - Protection against murine ascites tumours by lymphoid cell populations with T
      memory or cytotoxicity.
AB  - It was possible to protect irradiated C3H mice against lethal doses of allogeneic
      ascitic tumor cells (RBL-3 or P-815 Y) by systemic administration of low doses of
      syngeneic sensitized lymphoid cells. Two types of cell populations were active at
      similar doses: (1) spleen cells harvested 2 months after a nonlethal inoculation
      of tumour cells, at which time no cytotoxic lymphocytes wer in vivo sensitization
      or in vitro sensitized spleen cells; sucll and dose dependent and target cell
      specific. The findings imply that T memory cells as well as cytotoxic cells are
      able to protect, although it was not possible to exclude the presence of memory
      lymphocytes in the cytotoxic cell population. Antiserum to cytotoxic T cells
      (CTL) was prepared in an attempt to distinguish memory and cytotoxic effector
      cells. The antiserum did not react with the majority of T cells in a normal
      spleen or thymus, but showed specificity for the CTL cell lineage. Antiserum
      treatment and complement abolished protection in all types of sensitized cell
      populations. Since memory and cytotoxic cells appeared to share differentiation
      antigens, we could not establish whether memory cells are precursors or products
      of cytotoxic cells.

PMID- 1086017
TI  - [Chronic herpes zoster pain treated with transcutaneous electric stimulation].

PMID- 1086018
TI  - [Gentamicin and ototoxicity. A prospective study].

PMID- 1086019
TI  - [Therapeutic effect of sinusoidal modulated currents].

PMID- 1086020
TI  - [Possibilities of selective celiacography in diagnosis of gastric cancer (survey
      of Soviet and foreign literature)].

PMID- 1086022
TI  - [Complications of benign nonepithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract].
AB  - The results of observations over 8 patients with complicated forms of benign
      nonepithelial tumors of abdominal organs are reported, including leiomyoma--in 7
      cases and neurinoma--in 1. Isocomplications of this group of tumors in 5 patients
      were as follows: invagination of the small intestin--in 1, perforation and
      malignant transformation of the tumor--in 1. The patients were treated
      surgically. Resection of the organ involved seems to be preferable.

PMID- 1086021
TI  - [Perforation of gastric cancer].
AB  - An analysis of treatment of 85 patients with perforating cancerous tumor of the
      stomach is presented. Males--63, females--22. The patients' age ranged from 32 to
      85 years. Sixty seven patients were operatd upon, 35 of them died. Eighteen
      patients were not subjected to surgery, all of them died. The following variants
      of complications associated with gastric cancer are noted: cancer perforation--in
      32, hemorrhage and the perforation--in 35, perforation and hemorrhage occurred
      simultaneously--in 15, perforation followed by hemorrhage--in 3. High mortality
      rate was due to grave patients' condition, difficulties and errors of diagnosis,
      inadequacy of therapeutic measures, late operative interventions. The results
      obtained are described.

PMID- 1086023
TI  - Detection of quantum flux modulation by single photopigments in human observers.

PMID- 1086024
TI  - Variability of color mixture data - I. Interobserver variability in the unit
      coordinates.

PMID- 1086025
TI  - The quality of the optic system of the frog's eye (Rana esculenta).

PMID- 1086026
TI  - On-units in the ipsilateral thalamus of Rana pipiens.

PMID- 1086028
TI  - Surgical operations in short-stay hospitals. United States-1973.

PMID- 1086027
TI  - Total serum cholesterol values of youths 12-17 years.

PMID- 1086029
TI  - Utilization of short-stay hospitals: annual summary.

PMID- 1086030
TI  - [Use of ultra-high frequency electric fields and calcium electrophoresis for
      treatment of children with pyelonephritis].

PMID- 1086031
TI  - [Rationale for the use of sanatorium- and health resort factors in rehabilitation
      of patients with inflammatory and dystrophic joint diseases].

PMID- 1086032
TI  - [Possibilities of use of sinusoid modulated medium-frequency currents for
      normalization of lymph circulation in the limbs].

PMID- 1086033
TI  - [Comparative data on the study of single and fractional use of antitubercular
      agents of the first order in the treatment of tuberculosis in children and
      adolescents].

PMID- 1086034
TI  - [2 cases of congenital tuberculosis in infants].

PMID- 1086035
TI  - [Quantitative determination of Willebrand factor activity in Willebrand's
      disease].
AB  - Certain new data about the nature of Willebrand factors are discussed, its
      activity being considered as part of the activity of the antihemolytic factor
      VIII. An one-stage method for its determination is described based on the absence
      of thrombocytic aggregation in the presence of ristocetin in the patients with
      Willebrand disease as well as the illustration of one case.

PMID- 1086036
TI  - Haemophilus influenzae as an agent of urinary tract infectio.?W0C.

PMID- 1086037
TI  - Outpatient heroin detoxification with acupuncture and staplepuncture.
AB  - Eighteen heroin addicts were treated as outpatients with acupuncture, electrical
      stimulation and staplepuncture. Results of treatment were compared with results
      in two similar groups of 18 persons in whom detoxification was carried out using
      methadone and propoxyphene napsylate. Withdrawal symptoms were relieved for about
      two hours in most of the patients after a treatment episode of acupuncture and
      electrical stimulation. Staplepuncture, which is the manipulation by hand of a
      surgical staple implanted in the concha of the ear, was reported to relieve
      withdrawal symptoms at least partially in approximately 40 percent of subjects.
      In only one person of the group treated with acupuncture or staplepuncture was
      complete detoxification achieved, compared with 13 and 10 persons, respectively,
      in the methadone and propoxyphene napsylate groups (p<.001). Use of acupuncture
      and staplepuncture in outpatient clinics may be limited unless techniques can be
      found that will relieve withdrawal symptoms for a longer period than that
      observed in this study.

PMID- 1086038
TI  - [Diagnosis, therapy and sequelae of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in acute
      pancreatis].
AB  - Gastrointestinal bleeding complicating pancreatitis is a grave development which
      carries a high mortality rate. Ten out of 450 patients treated by us for
      pancreatitis developed gastrointestinal haemorrhage; 7 of these patients died, 6
      of whom had a haemorrhagic necrotic, and one a so-called oedematous form of
      pancreatitis as diagnosed at autopsy. Nine operations were performed, most of
      them being only drainage procedures. Persistent shock or recurrence of severe
      symptoms with constant chemical pathological changes in the course of acute
      pancreatitis call for the rapid initiation of an aggressive approach towards
      diagnosis (endoscopy, angiography) and therapy, with radical surgical procedures,
      as indicated, aimed at rectifying the extensive pathology. We believe that these
      are the only possible means of achieving a reduction in the extremely high
      mortality rate in these cases and of avoiding late complications such as
      pseudocysts with the inherent danger of bleeding, abscesses and portal
      hypertension.

PMID- 1086039
TI  - Angiographic management of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1086040
TI  - [Differentiated ultrasonic therapy].

PMID- 1086041
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of the "overstrained" hand].

PMID- 1086042
TI  - [Chronic lymphadenosis--short review].
AB  - It was tried to show in form of a survey some molecular-biological,
      immunopathological and kinetic aspects of the CL (chronic lymphadenosis)
      lymphocytes, which seem to be significant for the pathogenesis of chronic
      lymphadenosis. Apart from this, the modern therapeutic possibilities concerning
      the inhibition of proliferation as well as the depletion which seem to be
      suitable for influencing the still fatal course of chronic lymphadenosis are
      discussed.

PMID- 1086043
TI  - [Effect of phenylalanine-vasopressin on the lower esophageal sphincter. Possible
      implications in the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices].
AB  - Vasopressin and its analogs are used inthe treatment of bleeding esophageal
      varices. Since gastrointestinal reflux may have a deleterious effect on variceal
      hemorrhage, the effect of 2,3-phenylalanine-8-lysine-vasopressin upon the lower
      esophageal sphincter (LES) was studies by rapid pull-through manometry in 24
      persons. PLV infusion up to a dosis of 2.7 mU/kg/h raised LES pressure from 15.1
      +/- 1.3 (SEM) to 17.9 +/- 2.0 mm Hg. Higher doses lowered LES pressure
      progressively to 12.1 +/- 0.7 mmHg at 54 mU/kg/h. The serum gastrin level did
      neither correlate with basal LES pressure not with LES pressure changes during
      PLV infusion. Therefore, PLV does not appear to act indirectly through serum
      gastrin. Because of the danger of systemic side effects and of the undesirable in
      LES pressure with the usual high doses of vasoactive substances, a continuous
      infusion of lower doses of vasopressin analogs appears to be advantageous.

PMID- 1086044
TI  - [Endoscopic diagnosis of carcinoma in the operated stomach].
AB  - In 24 000 gastroscopies at 4 medical departments 705 subjects with gastric
      operations done more than 5 years before had been studied. 39 of 608 patients
      with Billroth II, 5 of 81 with Billroth I and 4 out of 15 with gastroenterostomy
      were found to be suffering from carcinoma of the gastric stump. The primary
      gastric operations were performed at a medium age of 40 years. The interval
      between surgery and development of carcinoma averaged 24 years and was shorter in
      patients operated at a higher age. Besides age and interval since operation risk
      factors were apparently former gastric ulcers or polyps. Indications for
      endoscopic follow-up studies of gastrectomized patients to improve surgical
      results with carcinoma of the gastric stump have been suggested.

PMID- 1086045
TI  - [Autoimmune hemolytic anemia with Donath-Landsteiner antibodies and antinuclear
      factors during the course of chronic-aggressive hepatitis].
AB  - With the onset of a remission phase of chronic aggressive hepatitis in a young
      female patient, two different auto-antibodies were found which had not previously
      been in evidence. These antibodies were identified as Donath-Landsteiner
      antibodies, the cause of a secondary auto-immune hemolytic anemia observed during
      this period, and anti-nuclear antibodies. Both antibodies were of the IgG class,
      both could be adsorbed onto the patient's own erythrocytes as well as P1-positive
      test erythrocytes, and both antibodies were present in the subsequent erythrocyte
      eluate. Separation of the two antibodies present in the serum as well as in the
      antibody-containing erythrocyte eluate was possible by absorption of the
      antinuclear factors using preparations of liver and thymus cell nuclei, but the
      anti-erythrocyte activity was not diminished by this procedure. Rapid remission
      of the auto-immune hemolytic anemia was achieved by a therapeutic application of
      corticosteroids. Long-term therapy has resulted in no recurrence of the auto
      immune hemolytic anemia until now.

PMID- 1086046
TI  - T lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - In cultures of lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of patients with chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia, the approximate magnitude of the population of lymphocytes
      characterized by delayed PHA reactivity was estimated. To this end, cells from
      cultures in an early stage of development were pulse-labeled with 3H-TdR, and
      their multiplication was expressed by an index of proliferation. On the basis of
      these data, the proportion of unlabeled blasts in the late stage of cultures was
      calculated in relation to the late-reacting raction to the mitogen. This fraction
      comprised 50-100% of blasts in late cultures (6 days). The subpopulation was not
      detected in only 2 of 17 cases. Its magnitude in the peripheral blood amounted to
      about 3% of the lymphocytes and nearly one half of the total number of
      lymphocytes reacting to PHA in patients with CLL. It was concluded that the
      number of peripheral blood lymphocytes reacting to PHA is not diminished at all
      in patients with leukocytosis between 11,000 and 17,000/mul. The late-reactive
      population was relatively resistant to X radiation, dependent on L-asparagine,
      and insensitive to doses of colchicine which are toxic for leukemic cells. The
      ability of these lymphocytes to form rosettes spontaneously with sheep red blood
      cells is preserved in a large measure. Only a small proportion lacked this
      surface marker. It seems that the population of late-reacting lymphocytes to PHA
      in the blood of patients with CLL is of thymic origin.

PMID- 1086047
TI  - [Absecence of the antidepressant action of lithium under clinical and
      experimental conditions].
AB  - During a long-term treatment by lihtium carbonate of 200 patients with manic
      depressive psychosis the authors did not find any antidepressive effect. In some
      cases administration of lithium during the depressive phases aggravated the
      depressive symptomatology, prolonged the duration of the phase, increased the
      therapeutical resistance. In experiments with lithium on animals there were no
      typical traits for an antidepressive effect: adrenopositive and
      serotoninopositive action.

PMID- 1086048
TI  - [Radio-endoscopic confrontations in bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1086049
TI  - Effects of lymphocytotoxins of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) sera on T and B
      lymphocytes.
AB  - SLE lymphocytotoxins can be demonstrated on the lymphocytes by
      immunofluorescence. Complement addition lyses the cells covered with LCT. The
      proportion of B and T cells as determined by surface immunoglobulins and
      spontaneous rosette formation of lymphocytes from healthy donors remains
      unchanged after LCT and complement treatment. The proportion of B and T cells of
      SLE lymphocytes was altered after cell lysis. The B cells seemed to be relatively
      resistant, and the T cells more susceptible, to autologous LCT. Thus the relative
      decrease in the number of T cells in active SLE may be the consequence of surface
      bound LCT with its effect on the circulating T cells.

PMID- 1086050
TI  - Assay of factors of the kinin system in plasma from patients with specific
      exogenous allergies.
AB  - Factors of significance for the release of kinin were estimated in plasma from
      patients with specific, exogenous allergies and in that from healthy individuals.
      There was no evidence that the rapid initial kinin release in plasma from
      allergic patients caused by submaximum concentrations of hog pancreas kalikrein
      or by acetone-activated human plasma (2) was due to an increased level of
      prekallikrein activator (activated factor XII), to prekallikrein itself or to a
      factor possibly positioned between active factor XII and prekallikrein. In
      addition, the rapid halt in kinin release observed for the patient plasma could
      not be ascribed to an increased level of alpha2-macroglobulin, CI-inactivator or
      alpha1-antitrypsin. It is suggested that the differences in kinin release
      registered between the patient plasma and the normal plasma might reflect
      differences in the relative amounts of kininogen fractions present.

PMID- 1086051
TI  - The dependence of tension relaxation in skeletal muscle on the number of
      sarcomeres in series.
AB  - Mulieri (1972) has reported that the depth of the latency relaxation, tension
      relaxation, changes only insignificantly when about half of a fibre bundle is
      wound tightly around a small glass rod. From this observation he concludes that
      the tension relaxation is not correlated with the number of sarcomeres in series
      in a frog muscle fibre. The dependency of the tension relaxation on the number of
      sarcomeres in series has been reinvestigated using both Mulieri's method and
      other independent methods. When Mulieri's experimental procedure was repeated,
      his result was reproduced. In the other methods used the tension relaxation was
      found to be proportional to the number of sarcomeres in series which were
      activated initially. This result was also obtained by introducing a slight
      modification to the procedure used by Mulieri. The results could equally well be
      understood if the latency relaxation was caused by a definite elongation rather
      than an increase in compliance of the fibre.

PMID- 1086052
TI  - [Various histopathological aspects of inflammatory granulomatosis of unknown
      etiology].

PMID- 1086053
TI  - An immunological approach to dementia in the elderly.
AB  - A study into the relationship of immune change in the serum and the presence of
      senile dementia is reported. Three groups were studied, senile dementia,
      cerebrovascular disease and subjects without evidence of brain disease. All were
      aged 65 years and over. The immunofluorescent studies showed an excess of
      antineuronal reactivity and a fall in antinuclear antibody in females with senile
      dementia. There was no significant difference between the groups in respect of
      immunoglobulins, slide latex and a complement fixation test, against a variety of
      tissues. The significance of the findings in relation to other published results
      is discussed.

PMID- 1086054
TI  - Presumptive relationships between ventricular proliferaion and development of the
      lateral motor columns in the spinal cord of Rana pipiens larvae.
AB  - The extent of mitotic activity in the proliferative ventricular zone of the
      developing frog (Rana pipiens) spinal cord is a function of both the longitudinal
      cord level and the developmental stage. Counts of mitotic cells in the
      ventricular zone demonstrated higher levels of proliferation in the dorsal than
      ventral halves of the spinal cord with decreasing total proliferative activity
      from the early to late larval (tadpole) stages. Mitoses were virtually absent
      from the ventricular zone by the conclusion of metamorphosis. Changes in mitotic
      counts at different levels of the spinal cord can be correlated with the presence
      or absence of the brachial or lumbosacral pairs of lateral motor columns. A
      parallel also exists between the caudo-cephalic direction of motor column
      development and a similar progression of mitotic activity in the ventricular
      zone, a portion of which gives rise to the spinal motor neurons. It is suggested
      that proliferation in the ventricular zone during the larval frog stages
      contributes to the presumptive motor neuron population and migrates into the
      lateral motor columns during their later maturation.

PMID- 1086055
TI  - Intraperitoneal and intragastric norepinephrine instillation in massive
      gastrointestinal bleeding--clinical study. Preliminary report.
AB  - Intraperitoneal and intragastric instillation of norepinephrine in high
      concentration can arrest bleeding of various origins in the gastrointestinal
      tract. Of the 21 cases studied, the hemorrhage was controlled in 80% of cases.
      This form of therapy is simple, prompt, safe and can be performed as a bed-side
      therapeutic procedure to stop life-threatening gastrointestinal tract bleeding.
      Intraperitoneal instillation of norepinephrine should not be used more than once,
      if the bleeding is not controlled. Intragastric norepinephrine instillations may
      be repeated any number of times if required.

PMID- 1086056
TI  - Massive rectal hemorrhage from right-sided colonic diverticula. A case report.

PMID- 1086057
TI  - Idiopathic portal hypertension.
AB  - Idiopathic portal hypertension is reported in five cases including one case of
      chronic arsenical intake and one case of chronic industrial vinyl chloride
      exposure. In all five cases the patients presented with gastrointestinal bleeding
      as the chief complaint. Physical examination was within normal limits except for
      splenomegaly in all. Results of liver function tests were normal, except for the
      relative clearance of sulfobromophtalein. A surgical liver biopsy specimen was
      obtained in all cases and showed moderate degrees of portal fibrosis, but no
      cirrhosis. Combined umbilicoportal, hepatic vein and superior mesenteric artery
      catheterization was performed in all cases. Hepatoportographies showed distortion
      of the intrahepatic portal venous system and cut-off of small portal venules.
      Porto-hepatic gradients ranged from 14.0 to 20.5 mm Hg. The portal hypertension
      was both sinusoidal and presinusoidal in nature but mainly presinusoidal. Hepatic
      extraction of indocyanine green and of albumin microaggregates was normal,
      thereby suggesting normal functional portal blood supply to the liver. The
      patients with arsenical or vinyl chloride exposure could not be differentiated
      from the other three patients with idiopathic portal hypertension. These results
      suggest that idiopathic portal hypertension may be related to domestic or
      industrial exposure to other hepatotoxins.

PMID- 1086058
TI  - Nephrotic syndrome in Hodgkin's disease. Evidence for pathogenesis alternative to
      immune complex deposition.
AB  - The nephrotic syndrome has been reported to occur in patients with Hodgkin's
      disease even in the absence of amyloidosis, tumor infiltration of renal vein
      thrombosis. Three patients are presented with Hodgkin's disease and the nephrotic
      syndrome whose renal biopsy specimens studied with light, immunofluorescence and
      electron microscopy were compatible with "lipoid nephrosis" (minimal change
      disease). A review of the literature reveals 35 patients with Hodgkin's disease
      and the nephrotic syndrome. Renal tissue was available for examination in only 27
      patients. The majority of patients apparently had glomerular alterations
      consistent with lipoid nephrosis. The nephrotic syndrome in most of these
      patients remitted with a variety of methods of therapy (including excision,
      irradiation, prednisone and cyclophosphamide) and tended to relapse with a
      recurrence of Hodgkin's disease. In three-fourths of the patients with Hodgkin's
      disease and the nephrotic syndrome, the Hodgkin's disease was of a mixed
      cellularity type. The etiology of lipoid nephrosis, although unclear, may be a
      consequence of altered lymphocyte function. Hodgkin's disease is a malignancy
      involving T lymphocytes, and the nephrotic syndrome occurring in the course of
      Hodgkin's disease may be a  result of an adverse effect of glomeruli by products
      of tumor lymphocytes rather than of glomerular deposition of immune complexes.

PMID- 1086059
TI  - The immune system: its development and functions.

PMID- 1086060
TI  - Fundus flavimaculatus and Stargardt's disease.
AB  - Of 42 patients studied who had fundus flavimaculatus and Stargardt's disease,
      most had reduced visual acuity due to an atrophic macular lesion. Family
      histories were consistent with autosomal-recessive inheritance. In some young
      patients, the yellow-white flecks developed with time, while in some older
      patients the flecks faded, pari passau with increasing retinal pigment epithelial
      atrophy. Fluorescein angiography showed that most white flecks were largely or
      totally nonfluorescent. Even after the flecks had faded from view, the sites
      where they had been usually remained nonfluorescent. In patients with lesions
      confined to the posterior pole, the electroretinogram and electro-oculogram were
      usually normal; in patients with widespread lesions, one or both tests were
      usually abnormal. Affected members of any one family had a similar distribution
      of fundus lesions.

PMID- 1086061
TI  - Fluorescein angiography and vitamin A and oxalate levels in fundus albipunctatus.
AB  - Two patients had fundus albipunctatus, one of the variants of congenital
      stationary night blindness. Neither the white dots in the retinas of these
      patients nor the retarded course of dark adaptation characteristically associated
      with the disease could be attributed to vitamin A deficiency or raised oxalate
      levels since both substances were present in normal amounts. Fluorescin
      angiography showed multiple discrete lesions in the pigment epithelium not
      coincident with the ophthalmoscopically visible changes. Since the pigment
      epithelium is the storage site for bleached visual pigment, these findings
      suggest abnormalities that underlie the major functional deficit in this disease,
      that is, the slow recovery of retinal sensitivity.

PMID- 1086062
TI  - Temporal artery biopsy in herpes zoster ophthalmicus with delayed arteritis.
AB  - A 58-year-old man developed herpes zoster ophthalmicus with delayed hemiparesis.
      Temporal artery biopsy confirmed the presence of a vasculitis. Electron
      microscopy of the temporal artery failed to reveal viral particles. Herpes zoster
      ophthalmicus with delayed arteritis appeared to be a contiguous spread of
      vasculitis to the carotid system and not a direct viral invasion.

PMID- 1086063
TI  - Differentiation of a methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma to a benign plexiform
      fibroneural tumor in an adult frog (Rana pipiens). Possible influence of host
      regenerative capacity.
AB  - A spindle cell sarcoma appeared 20 months after implantation of a pellet of 3
      methylcholanthrene in the denervated foreleg of an adult frog, Rana pipiens. Its
      growth rate and cellular structure were observed over the subsequent 19 months,
      the former remaining constant for the first 14 months, then slackening markedly
      during the final 4 months. Serial biopsies disclosed maturation to a well
      differentiated fibroneural tumor of benign appearance, the change taking place
      notably during the period of decelerated growth rate. An autotransplant of the
      tumor to the hind leg adopted the same growth pattern and maturation. Possible
      causes for this behavior are discussed.

PMID- 1086064
TI  - Ultrastructural study of Reed-Sternberg cells. Comparison with transformed
      lymphocytes and histiocytes.
AB  - The ultrastructural features of Reed-Sternberg cells from 17 patients with
      Hodgkin's disease were compared with those of histiocytes and transformed
      lymphocytes in both benign and malignant conditions. Transformed lymphocytes and
      Reed-Sternberg cells appeared to have similar features, including large nuclei
      with dispersed chromatin, large nucleoli, and great numbers of cytoplasmic
      polyribosomes. Histiocytes contained abundant cytoplasmic lysosomal granules and
      microfilaments. These results are indicative of the origin of Reed-Sternberg
      cells from lymphocytes.

PMID- 1086065
TI  - Two problem-oriented letters.

PMID- 1086066
TI  - Vasopressin control of massive hemorrhage in chronic ulcerative colitis.
AB  - A case of a massive colonic hemorrhage in nontoxic, quiescent ulcerative colitis
      is described. The source of active colonic bleeding was primarily defined with
      selective superior mesenteric arteriography and was completely controlled with
      transcatheter vasopressin infusion. A suubsequent elective segmental distal
      transverse and descending colectomy revealed chronic ulcerative colitis;
      localized marked inflammatory giant pseudopolyp formation near the splenic
      flexure was responsible for the bleeding.

PMID- 1086067
TI  - Anesthesia and immunology.

PMID- 1086068
TI  - The precordial electrocardiographic lead (V5) in patients who have coronary
      artery disease.

PMID- 1086069
TI  - Increased sympathetic tone associated with transcutaneous electrical stimulation.

PMID- 1086070
TI  - Development of atherosclerosis in a saphenous vein coronary bypass graft.

PMID- 1086071
TI  - Hairy cells in long-term cultures.

PMID- 1086072
TI  - [Double aortocoronary venous bypass. Anatomo-clinical and histological study of a
      case after a 30-month course].

PMID- 1086073
TI  - Postoperative bacterial endophthalmitis: section II.

PMID- 1086074
TI  - [Multiple exostosis disease revealed by the occurence of dystocia (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1086075
TI  - [Surgical treatment of acute pancreatitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086076
TI  - [Aorto-coronary bridging associated with aortic valve replacement. With reference
      to 14 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086077
TI  - [Study of the Stilling cells of the adrenal of Rana esculata after injection of
      Triap (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086078
TI  - [Hepato-splenic weight relationship and correlated minor variables in hepatic
      cirrhosis].

PMID- 1086079
TI  - Abnormal lymphocyte function is secondary to drug-induced autoimmunity.
AB  - Abnormal lymphocyte function has been frequently reported in patients with
      connective tissue diseases but its significance has been uncertain. Sequential
      studies of lymphocyte function were carried out in patients receiving the beta
      adrenergic blocking drug practolol (Eraldin) both before and during the
      development of autoimmune complications. No evidence was obtained that abnormal
      lymphocyte function presaged the onset of autoimmunity, and when these tests did
      show deficient responses these could be correlated with disease activity in
      general.

PMID- 1086080
TI  - Circumflex coronary artery bypass grafting via transverse sinus.
AB  - Grafting the circumflex coronary artery has been more difficult technically than
      the right or anterior descending because of its posterior location and the angles
      of its marginal branches. However, grafting this artery has been substantially
      simplified by a method wherein the graft is passed directly through the
      transverse sinus and anastomosed to the back of the ascending aorta. This follows
      the most direct course to the ascending aorta and the graft is much shorter than
      one brought anterior to the heart. There is little chance of kinking the graft,
      since its angle of attachment is ideal, and due to the anatomical configuration
      of the transverse sinus, there is more room for the graft and compression is
      unlikely. This allows more room on the anterior surface of the aorta for grafts
      to other coronary arteries. This method has been used in 50 cases and blood flows
      have been excellent. Twelve of these cases have been restudied postoperatively
      and the grafts are patent.

PMID- 1086081
TI  - The problem-oriented medical record: evaluation and management of anemia before
      and during use.
AB  - The problem-oriented medical record (POMR) is designed to rationalize and improve
      the structure of the medical record. This change might be expected to enhance the
      outcome of patient care. Therefore, I assessed the effect of the POMR on the care
      of the problem--anemia--in a Veterans Administration teaching hospital. The POMR
      concept was introduced by lectures and supported by chart audit. Four months
      later, the care described in 29 sequential records containing the discharge
      diagnosis--anemia--was compared with 31 records produced at the same period in
      the previous year by house officers not using the POMR. Records were graded for
      maintenance of the POMR format. Completeness of the "data base," as well as time
      to problem identification, therapy, and diagnostic description were compared.
      Introduction of the POMR had no observable beneficial effect on the thoroughness
      of data base accumulation or the process of patient care for the problem (anemia)
      or, in another study, on the ease or accuracy of chart audit.

PMID- 1086082
TI  - Histiocytosis X and compulsive water drinking: report of a case.
AB  - We describe a patient with histiocytosis X and compulsive water drinking. The
      association of diabetes insipidus with histiocytosis X is well recognized, and
      this patient was initially considered to have diabetes insipidus. It was only
      after further testing that the proper diagnosis was made.

PMID- 1086083
TI  - Dynamics of nucleic acids and total proteins in thymus of Walker carcinosarcoma
      bearing rats.
AB  - Thymus responses in tumoral-bearing hosts can illustrate two moments of
      immunological crisis corresponding to the tumour intake and its metastazic
      spread. These data are in accord with Burnet's (3) hypothesis that cancer is due
      to the inability of immunological surveillance mechanisms to reject somatic cells
      bearing neoplastic mutation.

PMID- 1086084
TI  - Stereologic analysis of chronic lymphoid cell infiltrates in human gingiva.

PMID- 1086085
TI  - Endogenous Candida endophthalmitis associated with heroin use.

PMID- 1086086
TI  - A morphological study of human vestibular sensory epithelia.
AB  - Surface preparations were made of the vestibular sense organs of humans from
      membranous labyrinths removed within ten hours of death. Total sensory cell
      counts and surface area measurements were made from composite photographic
      reconstructions. The general topographical and cytoarchitectural arrangements
      were found to be similar to those previously described for the guinea pig and
      squirrel monkey. The surface areas and sensory cell populations of the human
      cristae were only slightly greater than those recorded for these animals;
      however, the figures for the human maculae were twofold to fourfold greater. It
      seems possible that this exceptional enlargement of the sensory epithelia of the
      static labyrinth is in response to a physiological need generated by the
      evolutionary transition of primates from the quadruped to the biped stance.

PMID- 1086087
TI  - A clinical study on the ototoxic effects of tobramycin.
AB  - In a clinical, prospective, non-randomized study, tobramycin has shown its high
      antibacterial activity in Gram-negative bacillary infections. The incidence of
      ototoxic side effects was very low: none of 18 patients studied before, at the
      end and 9 months after completion of tobramycin therapy showed any change in pure
      tone audiograms. Five of these 18 patients had renal impairment: 3 of them
      developed subjective and objective evidence of vestibular dysfunction, as
      demonstrated by caloric vestibulometry. However, these bilateral vestibular
      lesions all proved to be reversible a few weeks after cessation of therapy.
      Despite the low incidence and the reversibility of the ototoxic side effects, it
      seems advisable to monitor patients on long-duration tobramycin therapy for signs
      of vestibular dysfunction, particularly in cases of renal insufficiency.

PMID- 1086089
TI  - Linear densities in mitochondria of human myocardial cells.
AB  - Ultrastructural study of myocardial biopsies from 5 patients who underwent
      myocardial revascularization procedures because of impending infarction showed
      mitochondria with linear densities. These densities, which occupied the
      intracristal space, appeared to have a high protein but low mineral content. It
      is suggested that linear densities may be an expression of severe, acute
      myocardial cell injury.

PMID- 1086088
TI  - The inheritance of affective disorders: a review of data and of hypotheses.
AB  - A genetic factor in affective disorders is suggested by twin and family history
      studies. The form of disorder (BP or UP) is transmitted within families. Early
      onset of affective disorder is associated with increased morbid risk of the
      disorder in relatives, but age at onset is not itself a transmitted factor.
      Female relatives have higher prevalence of illness, but sex of the ill person
      does not appear to be a factor in transmission. Genetic models of multifactorial
      or single-gene autosomal inheritance are compatible with some but not all of the
      family history studies reported. The hypothesis of sex-linked transmission of BP
      illness has been proposed, and some pedigrees compatible with X-linkage have been
      reported, but family studies do not suggest that this is generally present. Other
      possible modes of inheritance remain to be tested. Investigative strategies for
      identification of the "affective genotype" are discussed on the basis of
      biochemical, pharmacological, or other characteristics of persons with the
      disorders and their relatives, and on the basis of studies of known linkage
      markers.

PMID- 1086090
TI  - Significance of angina pectoris in aortic valve stenosis.
AB  - Of 60 patients aged 45 to 66 years with aortic valve stenosis, 28 (47 per cent)
      had angina pectoris. Significant coronary arterial obstruction was shown by
      selective coronary cineangiography in 14 of them. Systolic pressure gradients
      across the aortic valve were lower in patients with angina than in those without.
      In those with angina, systolic gradients were higher in those with normal
      coronary arteriograms than in those with demonstrable coronary arterial disease.
      Aortic valve replacement relieved the angina in all patients who had normal
      coronary arteriograms. When valve replacement was combined with coronary bypass
      grafting in those with coronary arterial disease, surgical mortality was higher
      and symptomatic relief less predictable. Incapacitating angina in patients with
      aortic stenosis was nearly always associated with significant coronary disease.
      In those with less severe angina it was impossible to predict the state of the
      coronary arteries. Two patients, who did not have angina and who did not undergo
      coronary arteriography, died after aortic valve replacement and were found at
      necropsy to have unsuspected severe coronary disease. We, therefore, suggest that
      coronary arteriography should be carried out in all patients over the age of 40
      years in whom surgery is being considered for aortic stenosis.

PMID- 1086091
TI  - Pathology of hearts after aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafting for
      coronary artery disease, studied by post-mortem coronary angiography.
AB  - A detailed pathological study was made in 10 patients dying up to 13 months after
      aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafting for coronary atherosclerosis. The
      coronary arteries and vein grafts were investigated by injection with a radio
      opaque mass, radiography, dissection, and histology. The report is to some extent
      historical since the patients died during a period when the operation was first
      being introduced into two cardiothoracic hospitals. About 80 operations were
      performed during the time the 10 deaths occurred, a mortality of 12-5 per cent
      (including cases followed up to 13 months after operation). Seven of the patients
      were operated on for intractable angina and 3 with a view to aneurysmectomy. All
      the patients selected for operation were severely disabled despite medical
      treatment. The main cause of death was extremely severe coronary artery disease
      and its effects on the left ventricle; in one case, over two-thirds of the left
      ventricle had been destroyed by infarction before operation. Other causes or
      contributing causes of death were pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction
      complicating angiography (ostial stenosis), and cerebral damage. Ten of the 14
      vein grafts (71%) were patent at necropsy. A free flow of injection medium
      usually occurred between patent grafts and coronary arteries. Thrombosis of a
      graft was thought to have contributed to death in 3 patients, but not in a fourth
      who died of pulmonary embolism. Since thrombosis of grafts was usually secondary
      to poor run-off blood into severely atheromatous coronary arteries, this was also
      an indirect effect of the advanced coronary arterial disease. In one case,
      thrombosis followed severe chronic intimal thickening of a graft in place for 13
      months. The study of these deaths emphasizes that in some patients the
      pathological changes in the coronary arteries and left ventricle are too severe
      for them to benefit from surgery. Vein grafts cannot be expected to distribute
      blood effectively through grossly narrowed coronary arteries. In addition, when a
      large part of the left ventricle is infarcted or scarred, it is almost certain
      that improving the blood supply by grafting will not result in significant
      regeneration of cardiac muscle. Since the time when this study was made, there
      have been few deaths among the many vein graft operations subsequently carried
      out in the hospitals involved. The two most important factors thought responsible
      for the improvement are the selection of cases more suitable for surgery by
      continued improvement of diagnostic techniques, and also the employment of more
      radical surgical procedures in the form of coronary endarterectomy and the
      insertion of more grafts per patient.

PMID- 1086092
TI  - Proceedings: Surgical treatment of aneurysms of ascending aorta.

PMID- 1086093
TI  - Proceedings: Assessment of subendocardial ischaemia during open heart surgery
      using intramyocardial oxygen and electrocardiographic electrodes.

PMID- 1086094
TI  - The incidence of antinuclear antibodies in relation to drug therapy in
      psychiatric patients [proceedings].

PMID- 1086095
TI  - A comparative blood loss study of floctafenine and aspirin in normal subjects.

PMID- 1086096
TI  - Abrogation of the anti-metastatic activity of C. parvum by antilymphocyte serum.

PMID- 1086097
TI  - Immunological aspects of psoriasis. II. Dissociated impairment of thymus
      dependent lymphocytes.
AB  - We have investigated lymphocyte subpopulations (six different markers) and T cell
      functions (mitogen responses and serum thymic factor determination) in twenty
      patients with psoriasis compared with thirty-five healthy subjects. Normal
      results were found for B cell markers, but significantly lower numbers of T cells
      were assessed by E-rosettes and anti HTLA serum. Mitogen responses were
      significantly higher in psoriasis than in normal subjects of the same age. These
      findings could be in favour of a T cell subpopulation defect involved in an auto
      immune pathogenesis of psoriasis.

PMID- 1086098
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of human plasma trypsin.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay has been developed for the determination of human trypsin
      (3.4.21.4) in plasma. It allows the measurement of trypsin concentration in spite
      of the presence of plasma or pancreatic inhibitors. The human trypsin used as a
      standard and for labelling was isolated from pancreatic tissue and purified by
      affinity chromatography. The antiserum was obtained from guinea-pigs immunized
      with partially purified human trypsin. In the radioimmunoassay, the values of
      trypsin in serial dilutions of plasma were parallel to those of the standard
      curves. The assay was shown to be reproducible, sensitive and specific. However,
      the two antisera used did not distinguish between the enzyme and its proenzyme.
      In normal subjects, plasma values were found to be around 400 ng/ml. They were 10
      40 times higher in patients with acute pancreatitis. The method appears to be
      much more specific for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis than the current
      determinations of amylase and lipase activity.

PMID- 1086099
TI  - Aromatic Tris-amidines. A new class of highly active inhibitors of trypsin-like
      proteases.
AB  - A number of novel aromatic Tris-amidines have been synthesized and investigated
      for their antiproteolytic property. The basic structure of the compounds is that
      of mesitylene where each of the methyl groups has been substituted with a 3- or 4
      amidinophenoxy moiety. The compounds displayed considerable activity against
      trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4) and thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5), but proved most effective
      against porcine pancreatic kallikrein (EC 3.4.21.8). With this enzyme a Ki value
      of 2.43-10(-8) M was recorded for alpha,alpha',alpha''-tris(4-amidino-2
      bromophenoxy)mesitylene at pH 8.1 and 37 degrees C. The most potent thrombin
      inhibitor, alpha,alpha',alpha''-tris(3-amidinophenoxy)mesitylene, had a Ki value
      of 6.51-10(-7) M and was also a strong overall anticoagulant. The inhibitors were
      able to interfere with the kinin release by human plasma kallikrein at
      concentrations as low as 1-10(-10) M. However, despite this remarkable
      antikallikrein effect and the known importance of plasma kallikrein in the
      activation of Hageman factor (factor XII), the compounds had only little
      influence on the early stages of blood coagulation.

PMID- 1086100
TI  - Affinity chromatography of the uterine estradiol receptor on estradiol-PAB
      cellulose: an artefact.
AB  - Estradiol-PAB-cellulose, an easily prepared adsorbent, has been proposed to
      purify the uterine estradiol receptor according to the principle of biospecific
      affinity chromatography. It apparently removes all hormone binding sites when
      cytosol preparations are incubated with it. A systematic study of this adsorbent
      was undertaken, including the synthesis and testing of the radioactive material.
      Two main results were obtained: 1) Estradiol-PAB-cellulose is heavily
      contaminated with free ligand and releases it during the normal chromatographic
      conditions. 2) Estradiol spacer derivatives (hydroxyethylphenyl-diazo (2 or 4)
      estradiol) have a very low affinity for the receptor (Ki = 10 muM). The
      conclusion is that estradiol-PAB-cellulose is unsuitable for affinity
      chromatography of estradiol receptor.

PMID- 1086101
TI  - On the predominance of anti-compensatory eye movements in vestibular nystagmus.

PMID- 1086102
TI  - The structure of the complex formed by bovine trypsin and bovine pancreatic
      trypsin inhibitor III. Structure of the anhydro-trypsin-inhibitor complex.
AB  - The structure of the complex between anhydro-trypsin and pancreatic trypsin
      inhibitor has been determined by difference Fourier techniques using phases
      obtained from the native complex (Huber et al., 1974). It was refined
      independently by constrained crystallographic refinement at 1.9 A resolution. The
      anhydro-complex has Ser 195 converted to dehydro-alanine. There were no other
      significant structural changes. In particular, the high degree of
      pyramidalization of the C atom of Lys 15 (I) of the inhibitor component observed
      in the native complex in maintained in the anhydro-species.

PMID- 1086103
TI  - Charts for the diagnosis of short stature and low growth velocity, allowance for
      height of parents and prediction of adult height.

PMID- 1086104
TI  - alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1086105
TI  - Quantitation and characterization of alpha1-antitrypsin in amniotic fluid from
      first trimester pregnancies.

PMID- 1086106
TI  - Possible association between the Duarte gene of galactose-1-phosphate uridyl
      transferase and the ZZ or SZ genotype of alpha1-antitrypsin.

PMID- 1086107
TI  - Pressure-flow relation of erythrocyte suspension in perfusion of bullfrog's hind
      limb and marginal zone theory.

PMID- 1086108
TI  - Human lymphocyte motility: normal characteristics and anomalous behavior of
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.
AB  - The characteristics of human lymphocyte motility and its relationship to the
      redistribution of surface membrane antigens (capping) are poorly defined. Since
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells cap poorly when compared with normal
      human lymphocytes, this study was undertaken to compare the motility of these two
      cell types. A modification of the Boyden chamber system was employed to quantify
      lymphocyte motility by placing lymphocyte suspensions on 8-mum convoluted-pore
      nitrocellulose filters and measuring the depth of migration of the cells into the
      filter at 37 degrees C. After 3 hr of incubation, CLL cells migrated
      significantly less into the filter than normal cells. Incubation in the presence
      of sodium azide or at 4 degrees C abolished all motility, indicating the active
      nature of the process. The relative motility of individual CLL patients' cells
      correlated best with the proportion of abnormal cells present as determined by
      surface receptor assays. The possibility that decreased cell motility in CLL was
      a reflection of enrichment by a "bone marrow-derived" (B cell) population was
      eliminated by the finding that normal B cells purified by gradient separation of
      rosetted cells migrated faster than normal T cells and considerably faster than
      CLL cells. Motility of normal and CLL lymphocytes was decreased by cytochalasin B
      and increased by colchicine, vincristine, and vinblastine. Thus, human lymphocyte
      motility appears to be dependent on microfilament integrity but not to require
      the colchicine-sensitive cytoskeleton. The decreased motility of CLL cells is the
      result of an intrinsic cell abnormality, but this finding cannot fully explain
      the decreased capping, since in human lymphocytes the latter is not prevented by
      an inhibitor of motility.

PMID- 1086109
TI  - Colony growth of mouse bone marrow cells in agar contained in glass capillaries.
AB  - Mouse bone marrow cells were grown in semi-solid agar contained in glass
      capillary tubes. Several parameters affecting colony formation in the capillaries
      were studied. 10(4) cells in 100 mul incubation medium within one capillary
      produced 22 to 30 colonies of granulocytes and macrophages. Compared with the
      common petri dishes glass capillaries offer several advantages under the
      conditions used: 1. A twofold higher plating efficiency. 2. Applicability to
      optical scanning by light scattering and electronic counting, allowing automation
      and greatly improving sensitivity, statistical accuracy and reproducibility.
      Kinetics of colony growth can also be monitored. 3. Diminished risk of bacterial
      and fungal contamination. 4. A more than tenfold lower need for materials on
      similar statistical errors. Substituting methylcellulose for agar resulted in
      colonies of fibroblast-like cells adherent to glass surface. Glass non-adherent
      cells showed a threefold higher plating efficiency in agar.

PMID- 1086110
TI  - [Von Willebrand-Jurgens syndrome with a variant of factor VIII-associated
      antigen].
AB  - A family is described in which 5 out of 8 children had a marked bleeding
      disorder. The children showed prolonged bleeding times, abnormal platelet
      retention upon passage of blood through a glass bead column, the Willebrand
      factor activity as measured by ristocetin in a washed platelet system was low.
      Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor protein levels were normal even so the factor
      VIII-procoagulant activity. Even the parents and one child without any bleeding
      tendency and normal bleeding times had a reduced Willebrand factor activity. In
      all these patients evidence of an abnormal protein was observed on crossed
      antigen-antibody electrophoresis indicating a qualitative defect of the factor
      VIII/von Willebrand factor protein.

PMID- 1086111
TI  - A comparative study of the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid and piperazine on
      the lobster muscle fibre and the frog spinal cord.
AB  - 1 The effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and piperazine were compared on
      two in vitro preparations, the lobster muscle fibre and the frog spinal cord. 2
      Both GABA and piperazine increased the membrane conductance of single lobster
      muscle fibres without changing the membrane potential; sigmoidal log dose
      conductance curves for these agents were obtained and a similar model expressed
      the receptor interaction of both substances. 3 The actions of GABA and piperazine
      on lobster muscle were antagonized by picrotoxin and were Cl-dependent. 4 In the
      frog spinal cord GABA depolarized the dorsal roots presumably by mimicking the
      activity of the transmitter depolarizing the primary afferents; sigmoidal log
      dose-response curves for GABA were obtained. 5 On the dorsal roots piperazine
      produced either depolarizations or biphasic responses; these were mainly indirect
      effects as was shown by experiments in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX). 6 The
      effects of GABA on the dorsal root (in TTX-treated cords) were antagonized by
      picrotoxin whereas those of piperazine were more resistant to this alkaloid. The
      GABA-induced responses appeared to be largely Na+-dependent while both Na+ and Cl
      seemed to mediate the effects of piperazine. 7 It is proposed that piperazine
      has GABA-agonist activity on lobster muscle but little GABA-like activity on the
      frog spinal cord.

PMID- 1086112
TI  - A comparative study of the effects of glutamate and kainate on the lobster muscle
      fibre and the frog spinal cord.
AB  - 1 The depolarizing actions of glutamate and its conformationally restricted
      analogue kainate were investigated on the lobster muscle fibre and the frog
      spinal cord using intracellular and extracellular recordings, respectively. 2
      Bath-applied kainate was less potent than glutamate on the lobster fibre but more
      potent on the frog cord. From the log-log transformation of dose-response curves
      it was proposed that more than one glutamate molecule was necessary to activate
      both the lobster and the frog receptor sites. In the frog, at least three kainate
      molecules were thought to be required for receptor activation. 3 The ionic
      dependence of glutamate and kainate responses appeared different for the two
      tissues. 4 Some possible explanations of the differential tissue sensitivity to
      kainate are discussed.

PMID- 1086113
TI  - Hypotension in rabbits infected with Trypanosoma brucei.
AB  - 1 Blood pressures and heart rates of 12 anaesthetized rabbits chronically
      infected with T.brucei were measured (average infection time 39 days (range 25
      67). The systolic BP was 31.4 +/- 5.7 mmHg, the diastolic BP 25.0 +/- 7.2 mmHg,
      and the heart rate 120.5 +/- 24.2 beats/minute. Two rabbits were already
      hypotensive 10 days after infection. In 12 anaesthetized control rabbits, the
      systolic BP was 66.2 +/- 7.3 mmHg (mean +/- s.e.), the diastolic BP 60.2 +/- 7.3
      mmHg, and the heart rate 116.3 +/- 15.9 beats/minute. 2 The intravenous injection
      of 3 X 10(8) disintegrated trypanosomes into infected rabbits lowered the blood
      pressure by 41.4 +/- 22.0%. Pretreatment of two rabbits with aprotinin prior to
      administration of parasites prevented the fall in blood pressure. 3 Injection of
      3 X 10(8) live trypanosomes complexed with hyperimmune sera produced a fall of
      68.3 +/- 38.4% in the systolic BP of normal rabbits. Disintegrated or live
      trypanosomes, or hyperimmune sera alone had no effect. Pretreatment of animals
      with aprotinin prior to administration of the immune complex abolished the fall
      in BP. 4 The results suggest that the profound hypotension in chronic
      trypanosomiasis is caused by complex formation of trypanosomes with antibody.
      Since it can be prevented by pretreatment with aprotinin, it is likely that
      activation of plasma kallikrein with a subsequent release of plasma kinins
      contributes to this effect.

PMID- 1086114
TI  - Possible influence of intrarenal generation of kinins on prostaglandin release
      from the rabbit perfused kidney.
AB  - The effects of bradykinin and kininogen on renal prostaglandin release were
      studied in rabbit isolated kidneys perfused with oxygenated Krebs solution. The
      concentration of prostaglandin-like material in kidney effluent was determined by
      bioassay after extraction of the samples with organic solvents. In 7 experiments
      the samples were assayed after separation of prostaglandins E and F by thin layer
      chromatography. Addition of bradykinin to the perfusing fluid increased the
      venous and urinary effluxes of prostaglandin E-like substance by sixfold and
      fivefold, respectively, but efflux of prostaglandin F-like material was
      unaffected. Addition of kininogen to the perfusing fluid augmented the venous and
      urinary release of prostaglandin E-like substances by fifteenfold and ninefold
      respectively and caused a twofold increase in the efflux of prostaglandin F-like
      material into the venous effluent. Aprotinin, a kallikrein inhibitor, reduced the
      prostaglandin releasing action of kininogen but not of bradykinin. In contrast,
      inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin suppressed the release of
      prostaglandin evoked by either bradykinin or kininogen. This study suggests that
      augmented release of prostaglandins in response to kininogen is a consequence of
      renal generation of kinins. Thus, changes in the intrarenal activity of the
      kallikreinkinin system may modulate renal prostaglandin release.

PMID- 1086115
TI  - Control of duodenal haemorrhage with cyanoacrylate.
AB  - Three cases of massive duodenal haemorrhage refractory to conventional therapy
      have been successfully treated by percutaneous selective intra-arterial injection
      of Isobutyl 2 cyanoacrylate. Case histories, injection technique and review of
      the literature are presented.

PMID- 1086116
TI  - Von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1086117
TI  - Prospective comparison of double-contrast barium meal examination and fibreoptic
      endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
AB  - Fibre-optic endoscopy was compared prospectively with double-contrast radiology
      in 53 consecutive patients admitted with acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage. The
      bleeding site was correctly identified by endoscopy in 94% of patients and the
      final diagnosis was correctly given in 89%. The corresponding figures with
      radiology were 83% and 74%. Among the 50 patients with a final diagnosis of a
      bleeding site in the upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy indicated the site of
      bleeding in all and radiology indicated it in 88%. Both investigations were well
      tolerated by patients. Endoscopy is the investigation of choice, but when it is
      not available double-contrast radiology will show the site of bleeding in 80-90%
      of patients.

PMID- 1086118
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens, autoantibodies, and immunoglobulins in alcoholic
      liver disease.
AB  - Determination of histocompatibility antigens in 63 patients with alcoholic liver
      disease showed that HLA-B8 was more prevalent in patients with cirrhosis than in
      controls, but among those with fatty liver and minimal fibrosis the prevalence of
      this antigen was normal. Another noticeable difference was the absence of HLAA28
      in the cirrhotic group. In the total series of 219 patients the prevalence of
      antinuclear and smooth muscle antibodies was raised; they were especially
      prevalent in patients with cirrhosis. Raised serum IgA and IgG concentrations
      were also common (found in 50% and 37% respectively) and were again significantly
      associated with cirrhosis. In contrast, serum IgM levels, which were raised in
      46% of cases, were not significantly related to the presence of cirrhosis but
      correlated significantly with the degree of portacaval shunting. These results
      support recent evidence suggesting that immune responses may be implicated in
      alcohol-induced liver damage, particularly in its progression to cirrhosis.

PMID- 1086119
TI  - Posts in clinical rheumatology.

PMID- 1086120
TI  - Neurological manifestations in a patient with filariasis.

PMID- 1086121
TI  - Treatment of palindromic rheumatism with D-penicillamine.

PMID- 1086122
TI  - Serotonin involvement in the blockade of bulbospinal inhibition of the spinal
      monosynaptic reflex.
AB  - Bulbospinal inhibition of the extensor quadriceps monosynaptic reflex (MSR) was
      antagonized by the serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP, 75 mg/kg), in
      unanesthetized, mid-collicular, decerebrate cats. Fluoxetine HCl (Lilly 110140,
      0.25 - 6 mg/kg), a specific serotonin neuronal uptake blocker, also blocked this
      inhibition as well as bulbospinal inhibition of the flexor posterior biceps-semi
      tendinosus MSR. The serotonin antagonist, cyproheptadine HCl (5 mg/kg), partially
      reversed the above blocking actions of 5-HTP and fluoxetine and enhanced
      bulbospinal inhibition when administered alone in doses of 2.5-5 mg/kg.
      Imipramine HCl (0.125 - 4 mg/kg) was more potent in antagonizing bulbospinal
      inhibition of the dorsal root-ventral root MSR when administered intra-arterially
      to the spinal cord than when injected intra-arterially to the brain stem or
      intravenously, indicating that the spinal cord is the site of imipramine's
      action. These results support our earlier proposal that a 5-HT system antagonizes
      bulbospinal inhibition of the MSR. They also indicate that the 5-HT system is
      tonically active and exerts its blocking action in the spinal cord.

PMID- 1086123
TI  - Visually elicited response of the frog cerebellum.

PMID- 1086124
TI  - Olfactory receptor response characteristics: a factor analysis.
AB  - The responses to odor stimulation of 22 single olfactory units in the frog
      olfactory mucosa were recorded with metal filled micropipettes. Seven purified
      odorants matched in concentration and a pure air stimulus were administered. The
      change in firing frequency for each unit to each chemical was evaluated to
      determine: (1) whether the response patterns developed across all units are
      different from chemical to chemical and, (2) whether individual units can be
      grouped in terms of their similarity of their responses to all odorants. The
      results of a Bartlett Sphericity test suggest that each odorant produces an
      independent pattern of responses across units. To answer the second question, a
      factor analysis was employed. It examined the responses of each unit to all
      chemicals and yielded 7 out of a possible 22 independent factors, suggesting that
      there are 7 ways by which the units studied look at the odorant stimuli and an
      air control employed in this study. These analyses were evaluated and discussed
      in terms of previously published data suggesting receptor site specificity.

PMID- 1086125
TI  - Effect of midbrain raphe lesions or intracisternal 6-hydroxydopamine
      administration on D, L-5-hydroxytryptophan-14C metabolism after peripheral
      decarboxylase inhibition.
AB  - Brain and blood 14C-5-hydroxyindole metabolism was studied in normal, raphe
      lesioned and 6-hydroxydopamine (60HDA)-treated rats given L-(-)-alpha-hydrazino
      3, 4-dihydroxy-alpha-methylhydrocinnamic acid (MK-486) (50 mg/kg)
      intraperitoneally and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)-14C (5 muCi, 0.51 mCi/mmol)
      intravenously. Raphe lesioning and 60HDA treatment caused significant decrements
      in brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-14C and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)
      14C levels and 5-HT concentrations compared to those in normal controls. In
      normal and 60HDA-treated rats there were decreased brain dopamine levels,
      possibly a consequence of non-specific metabolism of 5-HTP in brain. Blood 5-HIAA
      14C levels were significantly decreased in 60HDA-treated but not raphe-lesioned
      rats. As increased brain 5-HT turnover was observed in raphe-lesioned rats, this
      may have prevented a decrease in blood 5-HIAA-14C levels. The results suggest
      that changes in blood 5-HIAA-14C following MK-486 and 5-HTP-14C may be related to
      changes in brain 5-HT-14C metabolism.

PMID- 1086126
TI  - [Alpha-1-antitrypsin fractionation in clinical diagnosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086127
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass made possible by coronary endarterectomy.
AB  - Thirty bypass grafts to coronary arteries were made possible by manual core
      endarterectomy. The overall patency rate of the grafts was 57%, which is less
      than the patency rate of bypass grafts to nonendarterectomized vessels (75 to
      80%). In the perioperative period and during follow-up to 29 months there was no
      increase in mortality or morbidity even when the endarterectomized vessel
      subsequently became occluded. These results represent early technical experience.
      Routine anticoagulant therapy in the postoperative period, to prevent early
      occlusion, was not used. The results of this and other studies suggest that
      coronary endarterectomy with bypass grafting is a useful procedure in situations
      where the coronary artery is so severely obstructed that standard saphenous vein
      bypass grafting cannot be performed; the procedure is superior to coronary
      endarterectomy alone.

PMID- 1086128
TI  - On the development of chicken adenohypophyseal melanophore-expanding activity.

PMID- 1086129
TI  - Reactivation of a solar burn with high-dose methotrexate and citrovorum rescue [
      letter].

PMID- 1086130
TI  - Tumor-caused changes in host protein synthesis under different dietary
      situations.
AB  - The effect of the AC33 tumor on protein synthesis in Lewis-Wistar rats was
      investigated under four different dietary regimens. The four diets used were: (a)
      1.25 g amino acids plus 12.5 g glucose per day, (b) 1.25 g amino acids, (c) 1.25
      g glucose per day, and (d) 12.5 g glucose per day. The rats were maintained on
      these four diets for 4 days. On the 5th day, 65 to 75 mg 99.2% [15N] glycine were
      added to the infusate and infused at a constant rate for the next 18 hr. The rats
      were then sacrificed and the liver, lung, heart, kidney, anterior tibialis
      muscle, and tumor were rapidly removed and frozen in liquid nitrogen. The rate of
      protein synthesis for these tissues was calculated from the ratio of 15N in the
      tissue protein to that in the tissue intracellular fluid. The protein synthesis
      rates were compared with the values found for a series of nontumor control rats
      fed the same diets. Relative to the control rats, muscle protein synthesis
      decreased on Diet 1, and liver protein synthesis increased with the three
      deficient diets.

PMID- 1086131
TI  - Active T-rosette-forming cells in the peripheral blood of cancer patients.
AB  - We  studied a subpopulation of the thymus-dependent rosette-forming lymphocytes
      from the peripheral blood of normal individuals and of untreated patients with
      solid tumors or hematological cancers. This subpopulation of the thymus-dependent
      rosette-forming cells (T-RFC), termed the "active T-RFC," may be relatively more
      immunocompetent than the total thymus-dependent population. The mean percentages
      and absolute numbers of active T-RFC of 40 healthy adult controls were 25.8 +/-
      4.3 and 626 +/- 213, respectively. There was no difference in the percentage of
      active T-RFC between the controls (smokers and nonsmokers) and the 102 untreated
      patients with solid (localized or metastasized) tumors, 4 patients with Hodgkin's
      disease, or the 10 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. However, the absolute
      number of active T-RFC was significantly less in the cancer patients than in the
      controls. Eight patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia had lower percentages
      but higher absolute numbers of active T-RFC, whereas 6 patients with multiple
      myeloma had higher percentage and lower absolute numbers than the controls.
      Following radiation therapy, 61 patients with solid tumors showed no difference
      in the percentage of active T-RFC, but the corresponding absolute numbers
      declined significantly. A good correlation was seen with patients having positive
      microbial skin test responses and normal percentage of active T-RFC. The
      significance of both the percentages and absolute numbers of active T-RFC and
      their relationship to patient status are discussed.

PMID- 1086132
TI  - A radioimmunoassay for methotrexate and its comparison with spectrofluorimetric
      procedures.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay procedure has been developed for the direct measurement of
      methotrexate (MTX) in plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, or urine samples. The
      assay is sensitive to levels of at least 100 pg of MTX and is highly specific for
      MTX in the presence of folinic acid (citrovorum factor), folic acid,
      tetrahydrogolic acid, and other folate analogs and known metabolites. Results
      from this procedure have been compared with those obtained with a
      spectrofluorimetric method, utilizing the plasma of cancer patients undergoing
      high-dose MTX treatment with citrovorum factor rescue. Results indicate that the
      method should be usful in the future in assisting individualization of dosage
      regimens and in the study of the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of MTX in cancer
      patients.

PMID- 1086133
TI  - Fetal antigens in nonneoplastic conditions.
AB  - During studies that showed the presence of fetal antigens on the surface of human
      malignant melanoma tumor cells, polyvalent antisera specific for human fetal
      tissues of varying ages were developed. These reagents demonstrated varying
      patterns of expression of fetal antigens at different ages in various tissues of
      the human fetus. The possibility that nonneoplastic adult cells showing either
      maturation arrest or excessive proliferation also might express fetal antigens
      led to studies of human bone marrow. Although normal bone marrow cells expressed
      low levels of fetal antigens, large amounts were seen on bone marrow cells of
      patients with anemias due to iron, B12, or folic acid deficiencies, as well as on
      those with leukemia. Moreover, normal adult tissues adapted to long-term culture
      also expressed fetal antigens. After 3 weeks in organ culture adult human skin
      showed morphological changes similar to those seen in fetal periderm and strongly
      expressed fetal antigens. In addition, lymphoblasts in long-term cultured human
      lymphoid cell lines established from normal donors also carried surface fetal
      antigens. These latter antigens were shared with neoplastic B-cells (chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia) but not with T-cells. Their expression varied with the cell
      cycle. The reexpression of fetal antigens on malignant cells is thought to signal
      a basic derangement in the control of differentiation which is considered to be
      peculiar to neoplasia. However, these studies indicate that normal adult cells
      also may reexpress fetal antigens under circumstances unrelated to neoplasia but
      associated with either maturation arrest or rapid and excessive proliferation.

PMID- 1086134
TI  - Detection of T-cell lymphoma-associated antigens on cord blood lymphocytes and
      phytohemagglutinin-stimulated blasts.
AB  - Absorption studies demonstrate that T-cell lymphoma-associated antigens detected
      by rabbit antisera to human T-lymphoblast cell lines are present in suspensions
      of cord blood lymphocytes and phytohemagglutinin-stimulated adult blood
      lymphocytes in amounts similar to those found in T-cell lymphoma tumor cell
      suspensions. Smaller amounts of antigen activity are found in suspensions of
      tonsil cells, thymocytes, and unstimulated adult blood lymphocytes. Little or no
      antigen activity is found in suspensions of lymphoblasts from patients with other
      types of leukemia or from B-cell lines. T-cell depletion removes antigen activity
      from suspensions of normal lymphocytes. These findings suggest that T-cell
      lymphoma-associated antigens may be fetal antigens expressed by activated T
      cells.

PMID- 1086135
TI  - [Presence and specificity of lymphocytotoxins in anti-Lewis, -Duffy, -Kidd, and
      anti-P1 sera (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086136
TI  - [Effect of the proteinase inhibitor (aprotinin) on the course of experimental
      burn shock].

PMID- 1086137
TI  - [The surgeon's diagnostic and therapeutic tactics in acute gastric haemorrhage
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086138
TI  - [Portosystemic anastomosis in pregnancy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086139
TI  - [Proof of lymphocyte B antigens in microlymphocytotoxic tests (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086141
TI  - Influence of contact sensitivity to DNFB on the induction of carrier-determined
      tolerance to DNP.

PMID- 1086140
TI  - The ontogenesis of monoaminergic nerve fibres in the hypophysis of Rana
      temporaria with special reference to the pars distalis.
AB  - In Rana temporaria tadpoles, fluorescent fibres appear in the prospective
      eminentia mediana, the pars intermedia and the pars distalis at Gosner's stage
      25. During prometamorphosis the amount of fluorescent material increases around
      the developing primary capillary plexus in the eminentia mediana. In the pars
      intermedia the fibres form a dense fluorescent network but in the pars distalis
      the fibres are few and delicate. At stages 42-43, the onset of climax, the pars
      distalis fibres disappear. The possible functional significance of the pars
      distalis fibres is discussed. The background adaptation ability appears at stages
      28-29, while the fluorescent pars intermedia innervation is observable at stage
      25.

PMID- 1086142
TI  - Interference between dinitrophenyl and azobenzenearsonate determinants on in
      vitro binding to lymphoid cells. II. Type of binding cells and studies at the
      level of individual lymphoid cells.

PMID- 1086143
TI  - In vitro lymphocyte cytotoxicity. II. Unstable lymphotoxins (beta-LT) secreted
      and inactivated by mitogen-stimulated human lymphocytes.

PMID- 1086144
TI  - Immunological tolerance to hapten-IgG conjugates: in vitro breakdown and
      nonspecific effect of the carrier.

PMID- 1086145
TI  - Nonantibody-mediated suppression of delayed hypersensitivity to human gamma
      globulin in mice.

PMID- 1086146
TI  - [A contribution to the treatment of stress-incontinence by means Continator
      apparatus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086147
TI  - Tumours of the upper alimentary tract.
AB  - Tumours of the oropharynx of domestic animals are common in most parts of the
      world, but squamous cell carcinoma of the upper alimentary tract shows
      differences in prevalence in different geographical areas and occurs at different
      sites in the various species. Oral tumours of the melanogenic system are more
      common in dogs than in man. The following main histological categories, which
      broadly correspond to those used in the classification of tumours of man, are
      described: papilloma; squamous cell carcinoma; salivary gland tumours; malignant
      melanoma; tumours of soft (mesenchymal) tissues; tumours of the facial bones;
      tumours of haematopoietic and related tissues; and odontogenic tumours and jaw
      cysts. Papilloma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, fibroma, and
      fibrosarcoma account for about 80% of the tumours that occur in the upper
      alimentary tract of domestic animals.

PMID- 1086148
TI  - Tumours of the lower alimentary tract.
AB  - THIS CLASSIFICATION IS PRESENTED IN TWO PARTS: (a) tumours of the
      gastrointestinal tract; and (b) tumours of the anal canal and margin. In the
      gastrointestinal tract the tumours are classified as adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and
      undifferentiated carcinoma, with several subtypes. Most polyps prove to be non
      neoplastic, hyperplastic, or regenerative rather than adenomatous. Carcinoma of
      the stomach occurs mainly in dogs, but is a rare tumour in all parts of the
      world. Moderately differentiated, tubular adenocarcinoma of the small intestine
      with excessive fibrosis occurs in all six species; in some geographical locations
      it may occur frequently in sheep and cattle. The adenoma/carcinoma sequence in
      the rectum of the dog is similar to that in man but is encountered less often.
      Carcinoid tumours are very rare in domestic animals. Among the soft tissue
      tumours, those of smooth muscle and adipose tissue are found fairly frequently
      and congenital mesothelioma in the peritoneum of calves occurs occasionally.
      Tumours of the haematopoietic and related tissues are the most common
      gastrointestinal neoplasms in all species and most belong to the lymphosarcoma
      group. Tumours of the anal canal and margin are common in the dog and 90% of
      these are tumours of the hepatoid (perianal) glands.

PMID- 1086149
TI  - Tumours of the liver and biliary system.
AB  - In this histological classification of liver and gall bladder tumours the tumour
      types largely correspond to those found in man. The most common tumours in this
      group are liver cell adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma.

PMID- 1086150
TI  - Tumours of the pancreas.
AB  - Tumours of the pancreas occur most commonly in dogs and cats and only rarely in
      other domestic species. The incidence of neoplasms, both exocrine and endocrine,
      increases with age. Exocrine adenocarcinomas are the most common malignant
      tumours and have three fairly distinct morphological patterns: small tubular,
      large tubular, and acinar cell (rare). They readily metastasize, usually before
      clinical signs are apparent. A "starry sky" pattern with clear histiocytes
      scattered among tumour cells is a regular feature of poorly differentiated areas
      of small tubular adenocarcinomas and undifferentiated carcinomas. Islet cell
      tumours occur in a significant number only in dogs. Metastases are found in about
      half of the tumours, but malignancy cannot always be predicted by the
      morphological appearance. Slightly more than half of the islet cell tumours
      reported in the dog have been associated with clinical signs of hypoglycaemia.
      Nodular hyperplasia and exocrine adenomas are sometimes difficult to
      differentiate. Adenomas are considered rare while nodular hyperplasia is common
      in old animals.

PMID- 1086151
TI  - Tumours of the ovary.
AB  - Ovarian tumours are common in animals, the majority occurring in bitches and
      cows. The two most important germ cell tumours were dysgerminoma and teratoma;
      these morphologically resemble their counterparts in women, with the exception
      that teratomas in animals tend less to malignancy. The granulosa cell tumour is
      the most frequent sex cord-stromal tumour in all six species and it may contain
      luteinized areas or show differentiation towards a Sertoli cell pattern. The
      canine papillary adenoma and papillary adenocarcinoma, which are as common as
      granulosa tumours, have several features in common with their counterparts in
      women: they are of similar histological appearance, are frequently bilateral, and
      the adenocarcinomas have a great propensity for peritoneal implantation
      metastasis. Ovarian cysts are frequent in the bitch, sow, and cow and may
      originate from five different anatomical structures in the ovary.

PMID- 1086152
TI  - Tumours of the female genital tract.
AB  - Tumours of the female tubular genital tract are comparatively rare, with the
      exception of leiomyomas in cows and bitches, uterine carcinomas and vaginal
      fibropapillomas in cows, and transmissible venereal tumours in bitches. Uterine
      adenocarcinomas of cows are highly scirrhous, often causing minimal gross lesions
      that remain undetected until metastatic lesions in pelvic nodes and lungs are
      found. Cats and bitches also develop uterine carcinomas, but less frequently than
      cows; when present, they are predominantly discrete masses of well
      differentiated, non-sclerosing adenocarcinoma. Fibropapillomas are caused by the
      virus of verrucca vulgaris and can be transmitted to the penis of the bull.
      Adenomyosis is not uncommon in the cat, cow, and bitch. There is a marked
      difference in the frequency with which cervical carcinomas occur in man compared
      with other mammals; in the latter we could find no instance of an unequivocal
      primary cervical carcinoma. There are a few reports describing invasive
      carcinomas involving the cervix, but invasion from either a uterine or a vaginal
      carcinoma could not be ruled out.

PMID- 1086153
TI  - Tumours of the adrenal gland and paraganglia.
AB  - This classification is arranged in two parts in order to take into account the
      different origins, structures, and functions of the cortex and medulla. The
      tabular classification is a simplified version of that suggested for adrenal
      tumours in man, and includes cortical adenoma and carcinoma, phaeochromocytoma,
      chemodectoma, neurofibroma, ganglioneuroma and ganglioneuroblastoma, and
      neuroblastoma. A detailed functional classification is not given, since the
      hormonal activity of many adrenal tumours in animals is less well known than it
      is in man. Of the tumour-like lesions listed, cortical hyperplasia is
      particularly important in several species.

PMID- 1086154
TI  - Tumors of the kidney.
AB  - The most frequent renal tumours of animals are renal cell carcinoma and
      nephroblastoma. Renal cell carcinomas are seen mainly in dogs and cattle and
      nephroblastoma is encountered in pigs, puppies, and calves. Renal cell carcinomas
      are usually papillary in the dog. They show a marked propensity for vascular
      invasion, penetration of the posterior vena cava, and subsequent pulmonary
      metastasis. Nephroblastoma, which is morphologically identical to Wilms' tumour
      of children, is almost always a benign tumour in animals. It is one of the most
      frequent neoplasms of pigs, possibly owing to the fact that most pigs are
      slaughtered (and examined) when a few months old. Lymphosarcoma involving the
      kidney is particularly frequent in the cat, but is also seen in other species as
      part of a generalized disease.

PMID- 1086155
TI  - Tumours of the prostate and penis.
AB  - Tumours of the male genital tract, excluding the testes, are relatively rare in
      the six major domestic animals. The most important tumours are prostate carcinoma
      and transmissible venereal tumour of the penis in dogs, fibropapilloma of the
      penis in bulls, squamous papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma in horses, and
      squamous papilloma in pigs. Four histological types of canine prostate carcinoma
      exist: alveolar papillary, acinar, organoid, and poorly differentiated. The
      biological behaviour of prostate carcinomas is similar to that in man, with
      frequent metastasis to the regional pelvic nodes, bones, and lungs. There appears
      to be no relationship between the common diffuse glandular hyperplasia and
      carcinoma in the prostate of dogs. A unique lesion of dogs is squamous metaplasia
      of the prostate related to estrogen-producing Sertoli cell tumours of the testis.
      Three different transmissible tumours of the penis occur in domestic animals. The
      canine venereal tumours can be transmitted only by intact tumour cells during
      licking and coital contact, whereas bovine fibropapillomas and porcine squamous
      papillomas can be transmitted by cell-free material. In cattle, the
      fibropapillomas are caused by the same virus that produces cutaneous
      papillomatosis. All three tumours are benign and usually regress spontaneously.

PMID- 1086156
TI  - Tumours of the nasal cavity.
AB  - Tumours of the nasal cavity are rare in domestic animals, most cases occurring in
      the dog. Epithelial tumours are the most common type in carnivores (dogs and
      cats). In general, the same types of tumour occur in domestic animals as occur in
      man. There was no significant predisposition for breed in dogs, but in both dogs
      and cats far more males than females were affected. Metastases occurred only
      rarely.

PMID- 1086157
TI  - Tumours of bones and joints.
AB  - Tumours of bones and joints are not infrequent in dogs but are rare in other
      domestic animals. In the dog, most bone tumours are malignant; osteosarcomas are
      by far the most frequently encountered tumours, especially in giant breeds and
      boxers. The following main categories of bone tumour are described: bone-forming,
      cartilage-forming, giant cell, marrow, vascular, miscellaneous, metastatic,
      unclassified, and tumour-like lesions. The tumours of joints and related
      structures are classified as synovial sarcomas, fibroxanthomas, and malignant
      giant cell tumour of soft tissues.

PMID- 1086158
TI  - Mercury in hair as an indicator of total body burden.
AB  - Hair is known to concentrate mercury, and in general the concentration of mercury
      in hair is proportional to and many times higher than its concentration in the
      blood. The variation of the mercury concentration in human head hair was used to
      follow the history of poisoning in people who ingested grain treated with
      methylmercury. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used for mercury
      determination. The initial rising slope of mercury concentration along the hair
      was proportional to the daily intake of methylmercury per kg of body weight. The
      ratio of the concentration of methylmercury in human head hair to the average
      body concentration was found to be about 137. By using this ratio and measuring
      mercury concentration in hair, the total body burden can be calculated. In the
      patients studied, the peak body burden ranged from 0.8 to 4.4 mg/kg in cases
      showing mild symptoms, from 1.5 to 6 mg/kg in cases with moderate symptoms, and
      from 3 to 12 mg/kg in cases with severe symptoms. The curve of the variation in
      mercury concentrations along the hair was also used to calculate the biological
      half-life of methylmercury in man. Forty-eight cases were studied and it was
      found that the frequency curve (population distribution curve) was grouped into
      two distinct regions. In about 90% of the population the biological half-life of
      methylmercury was 35-100 days, and 10% showed high values of 110-120 days.

PMID- 1086159
TI  - Environmental contamination by mercury in Iraq.
AB  - Following the outbreak of organomercury poisoning in Iraq, an investigation was
      carried out during the spring and summer of 1972 to evaluate environmental
      contamination by organomercury.Analyses were performed on fish of several species
      (not typical predators) and on a few specimens of aquatic birds (not fish
      eating). Most fish samples contained concentrations in muscle ranging from 0.01
      to 0.15 mg/kg. These concentrations are within the range found in tropical
      rivers. Higher figures, 0.3-0.5 mg/kg, were found downstream from a caustic soda
      plant south of Baghdad. A few cases of very high mercury concentrations (25-30
      mg/kg) were reported from an area where fish kills had occurred. Aquatic birds
      (ducks and waders) contained low concentrations of mercury (900-2750 ng/g). Tail
      feathers of seed-eating birds were found to contain 13 500-21 000 ng/g of
      mercury, which is about 10 times higher than values reported from Ethiopia and
      within the range found in Sweden and Canada. Insect-eating birds contained 1850
      5200 ng/g, which is thought to be slightly elevated. Extremely high
      concentrations of mercury were found in muscle tissue of dead seed-eating birds
      (15 000-40 000 ng/g), while feathers contained similar concentrations (9000-52
      000 ng/g). These extremely high concentrations were found only in the vicinity of
      storehouses where treated seed was kept. No birds of prey could be caught and
      analysed.

PMID- 1086160
TI  - Experimental studies on organomercury poisoning in chickens in Iraq.
AB  - For 164 days mature chickens received a daily diet containing 40 g of wheat
      treated with organomercurial fungicide and 80 g of untreated diet. A control
      group received 120 g of normal diet daily. The experimental group was then split 
      half receiving the same diet for a further 155 days, by which time all had been
      killed or had died, the other half being fed the same diet as the controls. No
      cases of mercurialism were seen in the experimental group, although 2 died after
      143 and 319 days respectively. Egg production fluctuated as between the groups.
      Mercury levels in egg albumin showed high peaks after 98 and 108 days. After the
      feeding of contaminated wheat had been discontinued the albumin mercury level did
      not fall consistently below 0.5 mg/kg for 127 days. Levels in egg yolk always
      remained below the level in wheat and dropped to zero 49 days after feeding of
      the dressed wheat had been discontinued. Mercury levels found in tissue were
      similar to those described by other authors. Levels in the edible parts of the
      single cock examined exceeded those in the hens. Implications of these findings
      for public health decisions on the use of chicken and eggs as food when the birds
      have had access to contaminated grain are discussed.

PMID- 1086161
TI  - Indirect sources of mercury poisoning in the Iraqi epidemic.
AB  - Secondary sources of intoxication with methylmercury poisoning other than home
      made bread were explored. Mercury levels in various food items were below 0.05
      mg/kg.Over 30 000 specimens of meat and internal organs of sheep were analysed
      because of the strong suspicion that the animals had been fed treated barley. It
      was found that 6-12% of the specimens analysed contained more than 0.5 mg/kg of
      mercury. Consumption of meat did not appear to constitute a danger of
      intoxication during the outbreak.

PMID- 1086162
TI  - Misuse of organomercury fungicides in Brazil.
AB  - A methoxyethyl mercuric compound, licensed in Brazil as a fungicide for seed
      dressing, was widely used for spraying tomato and other vegetable crops in 1966
      and 1967.Mercury residues ranging from 0.05 to 0.30 mg/kg were detected in 14% of
      the tomatoes, 13% of other vegetable samples, and 57% of the tomato paste
      batches.A wide campaign through newspapers, radio, and television was quickly
      established to educate farmers and the population in general on the hazards of
      ingestion of mercury-contaminated food.All samples of tomatoes and other
      vegetables positive for mercury (residues above 0.05 mg/kg) were destroyed.
      Inspection posts on the main roads and highways prevented the delivery of
      contaminated food to cities and food processing plants.The sale of organomercury
      fungicides is now controlled in Brazil; however, treated seeds which are not
      planted may be diverted to human or animal consumption. There is no official
      record of accidents, but occasional cases of poisoning are known.The mercury
      residue level in Brazilian fish is low, indicating that environmental pollution
      by mercury is not a big problem in the country. However, some fresh-water and
      estuarine fish may contain mercury residues ranging from 0.01 to 0.66 mg/kg.

PMID- 1086163
TI  - An outbreak of organomercury poisoning among Iraqi farmers.
AB  - An outbreak of organomercury poisoning due to the consumption of treated grain by
      farmers and their families occurred in Iraq in 1971-72. A total of 6530 cases
      were admitted to hospital and of these 459 died. However, there were many more
      with minor symptoms of poisoning who consulted outpatient departments. This
      outbreak constituted the largest poisoning epidemic ever recorded. No age was
      exempt and no pronounced sex difference was apparent. The latent period of up to
      60 days between dosage and the onset of symptoms was probably the major factor
      contributing to the size of the epidemic. Measures taken to limit the outbreak
      are outlined.

PMID- 1086164
TI  - Epidemiology of organomercury poisoning in Iraq. I. Incidence in a defined area
      and relationship to the eating of contaminated bread.
AB  - A survey was carried out in a defined area in rural Iraq where there had been
      many cases of organomercury poisoning following the consumption of bread
      contaminated by mercury, in order to determine the true incidence of the
      disorder. The results were compared with those obtained from a similar rural area
      from which few cases had been reported. A questionnaire was used to determine the
      amount of contaminated bread eaten and the frequency of symptoms; a simple
      clinical examination was performed and blood and hair samples were collected for
      estimation of total mercury concentration. Of 700 people over the age of 5 years
      in the high-exposure area, 66% admitted to having eaten contaminated bread, while
      none of the 864 persons in the low exposure area had done so. The mean period
      during which contaminated bread was eaten was 32 days, but some people had eaten
      it for as long as 3 months. A mean of 121 loaves was eaten, the maximum being 480
      loaves. For the mean number of loaves the intake of methylmercury was likely to
      have been between 80 mg and 250 mg, but the people who had consumed the largest
      amount of contaminated bread may have ingested up to 1 000 mg of methylmercury
      over a 3-month period. Of those with signs of alkylmercury poisoning at the time
      of the survey, 80% had eaten more than 100 loaves, and 53 (71%) out of 75 persons
      who had eaten more than 200 loaves showed some evidence of poisoning.The
      incidence rate for poisoning was estimated at 271 per 1 000; this figure includes
      a mortality rate of 59 per 1 000, 32 per 1 000 cases with severe disability, 41
      per 1 000 cases with mild or moderate disability and 138 per 1 000 cases with
      only subjective evidence of poisoning at the time of the study.

PMID- 1086165
TI  - Epidemiology of organomercury poisoning in Iraq. II. Relationship of mercury
      levels in blood and hair to exposure and to clinical findings.
AB  - In the survey described by Al-Mufti et al. (see page 23) blood and hair samples
      were analysed for total mercury by modified atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
      The hair samples were divided into 2.5-cm segments and analysed consecutively.
      The mean blood levels were 34 ng/ml and 7 ng/ml, respectively in those who had
      and those who had not eaten contaminated bread.Corresponding mean maximum hair
      mercury values were 136 mug/g and 5 mug/g, respectively. Hair mercury values
      provided a better discrimination between different categories of exposure than
      blood mercury values at the time the survey was performed, some months after the
      end of the outbreak. Those persons who had not eaten contaminated bread but who
      lived in the area of high exposure had hair mercury values between the values of
      those who had eaten and those who had not eaten contaminated bread and who lived
      in the area of low exposure. Sequential estimation of mercury in 2.5-cm segments
      of hair in women gave information on the period of accumulation of mercury more
      than 1 year before the time of collection of the samples. It was possible to show
      an approximate relationship between the maximum hair mercury value and the amount
      of contaminated bread eaten. The match between the blood mercury level and the
      severity of poisoning was poor, owing to the length of time that had elapsed
      between the onset of poisoning and the sampling. With hair mercury, while the
      group results showed a good relation to the severity of poisoning, in individual
      cases the match was less good, especially in those persons where an insufficient
      length of hair was available for analysis. Biological variation in sensitivity to
      methylmercury was also likely to have been an important factor.

PMID- 1086166
TI  - Epidemiology of organomercury poisoning in Iraq. III. Clinical features and their
      changes with time.
AB  - Three categories of mercury poisoning were defined in the survey described by Al
      Mufti et al. (see page 23) and the age-specific incidence rates for these are
      given. Persons with physical signs consistent with a diagnosis of organomercury
      poisoning were allocated to categories of severe disability or mild/moderate
      disability. However, the largest category consisted of persons who had symptoms
      but no readily elicitable physical signs at the time of the survey. These
      symptoms followed a consistent pattern with paraesthesia involving the lips
      and/or circumoral region or trunk and difficulty with walking, described as
      weakness or unsteadiness of the legs, and in some cases repeated falls, forming
      the most commonly occurring symptom complex. Mean maximum hair mercury levels
      differentiated this group very clearly from the group with no symptoms of mercury
      poisoning. Very few people in the area of low exposure complained of such
      symptoms; where they did occur they were less well related to the time of the
      outbreak and showed little tendency to improve. Most people reported improvement
      in their symptoms by the time of the survey, with more improvement in some
      symptoms than in others. However, it is not known whether those people with
      symptoms only at the time of the survey had had at an earlier stage mild signs
      which had cleared. It was thought unlikely that further substantial improvement
      would occur in those persons with disability at the time of the survey.

PMID- 1086167
TI  - Chemical type of mercury in patients in the outbreak of organomercury poisoning
      in Iraq.
AB  - Gas chromatography was employed to identify the mercurial compound involved in
      the Iraq outbreak of organomercury poisoning. Only methylmercury was detected in
      human blood, hair, and tissues. The quantity of methylmercury present correlates
      well with the quantity of organic mercury determined by selective atomic
      absorption.

PMID- 1086168
TI  - Intoxication due to alkylmercury-treated seed--1971-72 outbreak in Iraq: clinical
      aspects.
AB  - Sixty-six hospitalized patients suffering from chronic methylmercury poisoning
      were examined in Baghdad during 1972. The poisoning was attributed to consumption
      of home-made bread prepared from seed wheat treated with mercurial fungicide. The
      age incidence ranged between 4 and 70 years.Of the various clinical features
      encountered, neurological symptoms and signs were predominant and included
      muscular weakness, numbness, unsteady gait, paraesthesia, dysarthria, mental
      disturbances and, in severe cases, blindness, partial deafness, stupor, coma, and
      death. Involvement of the cardiovascular, urinary, gastrointestinal and
      haemopoietic systems, which was commonly encountered in ethylmercury poisoning in
      the 1960 outbreak in Iraq, was unusual.The severity of symptoms and signs was,
      broadly speaking, dose-dependent; high exposure led to severe clinical
      manifestations, but variations existed. Criteria, based on the clinical
      manifestations, were set for grading the severity of cases. The series included 2
      asymptomatic cases, 20 mild, 20 moderate, 14 severe, and 10 very severe. In the
      latter group 5 patients died from failure of the central nervous system.The
      severely poisoned patients died irrespective of the medical treatment received.
      After 2 years of observation, most patients graded as mild or moderate cases lost
      their symptoms completely. Severe cases improved slowly, although ataxia,
      diminution of visual field and acuity and paraesthesia were still present. Thus,
      the previously accepted view that neurological signs were irreversible has been
      disproved.

PMID- 1086169
TI  - Ocular manifestations of mercury poisoning.
AB  - One hundred patients suffering from organomercury poisoning who were hospitalized
      in the Medical City, University of Baghdad, were examined ophthalmologically in
      the period between March and December 1972, and were reviewed again about 10
      months later.The examination included clinical signs and symptoms, slit lamp
      examination of the anterior segment of the eyes, examination for visual field
      changes and, in the autopsied cases, analysis of the optic nerve and the
      occipital cortex. In addition, aqueous humour was aspirated in 10 patients and in
      10 controls for the estimation of the mercury level.

PMID- 1086170
TI  - Clinical observations on treatment of alkylmercury poisoning in hospital
      patients.
AB  - Twenty-six patients suffering from methylmercury poisoning were treated by
      different therapeutic regimes. Seven received penicillamine or N-acetyl-d-L
      penicillamine, 10 were treated with dimercaprol sulfonate and 9, who could not be
      treated, were given a placebo and were used as controls. Penicillamine, N-acetyl
      d-L-penicillamine, and dimercaprol sulfonate reduced the blood level of mercury
      and increased its urinary excretion. No appreciable clinical improvement was
      noticed among the severe or very severe cases, while mild or moderate cases
      improved clinically irrespective of the treatment given.

PMID- 1086171
TI  - Tissue levels of mercury in autopsy specimens of liver and kidney.
AB  - Fifty-one autopsy specimens of liver were analysed for total mercury. Thirteen
      specimens contained less than 10 mg/kg of mercury, with a minimum value of 1.4
      mg/kg, indicating that death in suspected cases was not always due to lethal
      exposure to methylmercury. The methylmercury concentration in 28 livers was 10-30
      mg/kg. Limited additional estimations have shown that 71% of the liver mercury
      was organic and that the level of mercury in the liver of a 7-month-old fetus was
      only 25% of that in the liver of the mother. In a patient who died in hospital
      with a blood mercury level of 4.1 mug/ml, the liver contained 16.5 mg/kg of
      mercury.Differences between these results and those found in the outbreak of
      methylmercury poisoning in Japan are discussed. Any extrapolation of tissue
      mercury levels in relation to the toxic effects of methylmercury must take
      account of the intensity and duration of exposure.

PMID- 1086172
TI  - Levels of mercury and pathological changes in patients with organomercury
      poisoning.
AB  - Autopsies were carried out on 4 adults who died during the outbreak of mercury
      poisoning in Iraq and on 4 infants who were exposed to organomercury in utero.
      Mercury levels in tissues and in some body fluids were determined. The high
      levels of mercury in the central nervous system and the marked neuronal
      degeneration are noted.

PMID- 1086173
TI  - The determination of 5-hydroxytryptophan and its metabolites in plasma following
      administration to man.
AB  - The estimation of 5-hydroxytryptophan and its metabolites 5-hydroxytryptamine and
      5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in plasma is described. The method is based on solvent
      extraction and the use of a liquid cation exchange reagent to separate 5
      hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxytryptophan. The 5-hydroxyindoles are determined
      fluorimetrically following derivatisation with o-phthalaldehyde in strong acid.
      Data on the specificity and linearity of the method are presented. The time
      course of plasma 5-hydroxyindoles after oral administration of 5
      hydroxytryptophan is studied in two subjects as an example of the application of
      the method and of its possible role in monitoring the plasma levels in therapy or
      in provocative tests.

PMID- 1086174
TI  - Cytotoxic and soluble mediator responses by complement (C3) receptor-bearing
      lymphocytes from patients with B-cell immunodeficiency diseases.

PMID- 1086175
TI  - Null cells in peripheral blood of normals and systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1086176
TI  - Alterations in T, B, and null cells in children with autoimmune diseases.

PMID- 1086177
TI  - Correlation of natural antibodies to nuclear substances in New Zealand and other
      strains of mouse.

PMID- 1086178
TI  - Experimental study on the electrical impedance of bone and the effect of direct
      current on the healing of fractures.
AB  - An experimental study of the electrical impedance of cortical bone and medullary
      cavity and on the effect of a D.C. or a periodically interrupted D.C. on the
      healing of fractures in rabbits, suggests that the bone behaves as a capacitance
      of about 20 muF in parallel with a high D.C. resistance. Also a 10 muA
      periodically interrupted D.C. current stimulates osteogenesis.

PMID- 1086179
TI  - Osteogenic sarcoma: state of the art with high-dose methotrexate treatment.
AB  - The development and application of the VCR-MTX-CF regimens for the treatment of
      osteogenic sarcoma have changed the biological behavior of the tumor. Recent
      results strongly project major advances for the future. Although the major effect
      of chemotherapy resides in the eradication of micrometastases, its application
      for treatment of the primary tumor may also be considered. However, careful
      experimental design and follow-up periods for several years will be required to
      determine the optimum approaches. For example, it is possible that the
      interaction between weekly VCR-MTX-CF and radiation therapy may assume increasing
      importance. Thus, with the effective application of VRC-MTX-CF, the management of
      osteogenic sarcoma has evolved into a multidisciplinary approach and future
      advances will be based on the collective judgement of specialists from many
      fields.

PMID- 1086180
TI  - Severe intestinal bleeding leading to exploratory laparotomy in an infant with
      hookworm infection.

PMID- 1086181
TI  - Ventricular size following head injury: a clinico-radiological study.
AB  - A retrospective study of the records of 93 patients who had sustained a severe
      closed head injury was carried out to determine the relationship, if any, between
      the severity of the injury, the size of the cerebral ventricles and the residual
      disability. Ventricular size was expressed as a ventricular index. The callosal
      angle was also measured to see whether this was of value in the recognition of
      post-traumatic external obstructive hydrocephalus. A normal range of ventricular
      indices and callosal angles was obtained from a review of the air encephalograms
      of 56 patients matched for age and sex with the head injury group, and whose air
      studies were considered to be normal. The findings on the head injury group were
      subjected to detailed statistical analysis. The study showed that there was no
      statistically significant relationship between severity of injury, measured by
      duration of unconsciousness, and ventricular size expressed as a ventricular
      index. There was a relationship between ventricular size and residual disability
      as graded in this study. If age was taken into consideration, the relationship
      between ventricular size and disability was closer. It was not possible to
      predict residual disability of individual patients from ventricular size alone
      due to the wide range of values in any disability grade. Failure of air to pass
      from the basal cisterns over the cerebral convexities is a widely accepted sign
      of extraventricular obstruction. The shapes of the ventricles, the ventricular
      index and a callosal angle of 110 degrees or less provided supporting evidence of
      obstruction in this study. Recognition of an obstructive element in ventricular
      dilatation following head injury is important, since in a small carefully
      selected group of patients a ventricular shunting operation may favourably affect
      recovery.

PMID- 1086182
TI  - Coils of the cochlea.
AB  - Abnormalities of the cochlear portion of the bony labyrinth may often be
      suspected but are inadequately demonstrated by conventional tomography in the
      antero-posterior position. Further views are necessary. The authors demonstrate
      this by means of a comparison between tomographic and histological sections of
      the inner ear of an anencephalic with a unilateral Mundini defect. Submento
      vertical tomograms give a good demonstration of the cochlea.

PMID- 1086183
TI  - Tubal migration of a Lippes loop with subsequent intrauterine pregnancy.

PMID- 1086184
TI  - Effect of age on the Gm:Pi linkage.

PMID- 1086185
TI  - Family studies with the Gm:Pi linkage group.

PMID- 1086186
TI  - Data on the genetic linkage relationships between red cell acid phosphatase and
      alpha1-antitrypsin variants Z, S, I, and F.

PMID- 1086187
TI  - [Pathophysiology of odontogenic focal infections].

PMID- 1086188
TI  - [Tooth extraction in children with hemophilia A and B, using dressings of
      cyanacrylic surgical glue].

PMID- 1086189
TI  - Alpha-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1086190
TI  - Intermediate alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency resulting from a null gene (M
      phenotype).
AB  - The presence of a null gene for alpha1-antitrypsin was detected in a family study
      by the inheritance of intermediate antitrypsin deficiency in association with a
      normal (PiM) phenotypic pattern. The proband, a 42-year-old man (M-phenotype),
      was a cigarette smoker and had physiologic evidence of pulmonary emphysema. Three
      female members of the family were receiving estrogenic medication but had
      deficient values for serum trypsin inhibitory capacity nevertheless, indicating
      an unresponsive gene. The mean serum trypsin inhibitory capacity for those with
      an M-phenotype was significantly lower than that found with an MZ phenotype,
      presumably due to the total noncontribution to serum antitrypsin activity by the
      null gene. A quantitative measurement of antitrypsin activity or concentration is
      necessary in an antitrypsin screening program, since phenotyping procedures alone
      cannot reveal the null gene.

PMID- 1086191
TI  - Occlusion of the left main coronary artery secondary to left ventricular angioma.
AB  - Our experience with a patient who had an angioma of the anterior wall of the left
      ventricle that produced complete occlusion of the left main coronary artery is
      presented. Diagnosis was made before surgery from findings on cineangiographic
      studies. Successful surgical treatment consisted of a double aortocoronary bypass
      to the left anterior descending and obtuse marginal coronary arteries. The
      angioma was left undisturbed.

PMID- 1086192
TI  - Right coronary artery dissection. A complication of cardiac catheterization and
      coronary angiography.
AB  - Four patients are described in whom right coronary artery dissection occurred
      during retrograde catheterization of the left ventricle or coronary arteries. In
      two patients, acute myocardial infarction occurred. The possible causes,
      radiographic features, and clinical implications of this infrequent complication
      are discussed.

PMID- 1086193
TI  - [Chondrosarcoma of the pelvis during the course of Bessel-Hagen disease-
      interilioabdominal amputation. Pathogenic and therapeutic considerations].

PMID- 1086194
TI  - [Digestive hemorrhages caused by spleno-portal cavernoma. Ovario-mesenteric
      anastomosis. Apropos of 2 cases].

PMID- 1086195
TI  - Inflammatory disease of the bowel: indications for surgery.

PMID- 1086196
TI  - Aortocolic fistula, a lethal cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding: report of
      a case.
AB  - Aortocolic fistula occurs with spontaneous rupture of aortic and iliac aneurysms
      into the sigmoid colon, or due to involvement of the aneurysmal wall by acute
      diverticulitis. In the eight cases reviewed, this complication proved uniformly
      lethal, although sufficient clinical findings were present for diagnosis, and
      adequate time was available for a planned therapeutic approach. Lower
      gastrointestinal bleeding in the patient who has an aortic aneurysm and left
      lower-quadrant inflammation suggests the presence of an aortocolic fistual.
      Angiography should be performed during a bleeding episode to confirm the
      diagnosis. Surgical correction consists of an axillofemoral by pass graft,
      excision of the aortic aneurysm, and a Hartmann procedure.

PMID- 1086197
TI  - HL-A antigens in clinical medicine.
AB  - Many autoimmune diseases show a significant association with one or two second
      segregant series histocompatibility antigens. These associations are of great
      scientific interest, since they support the concept of HL-A-linked immune
      response genes governing specific disease susceptibility. However, with one major
      exception, the association of HL-A antigens with diseases is not striking enough
      to provide a worthwhile diagnostic test. The exception is the extraordinarily
      high incidence of HLA B27 in patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathy best
      typified by ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and Reiter's disease (RD). In patients
      with these rheumatic syndromes, the antigen is present in more than 90% of cases
      compared to an incidence of approximately 6% in normal Caucasians and 4% in black
      Afro-Americans. The vast majority of rheumatic diseases are readily diagnosable
      on the basis of a history, physical examination and careful radiographic survey.
      This applies to most patients with a seronegative spondyloarthropathy, especially
      when the disease presents as a typical and fully formed clinical syndrome
      characterized as AS or RD. Sometimes the initial clinical nature may be atypical
      and only long-term follow-up of the patient will reveal an evolution toward the
      typical syndrome. In these situations, the correct diagnosis is reinforced by
      detecting the presence of HLA B27 on the patient's cells. Examination of the
      patient's family often reveals a high incidence of similar clinical syndromes,
      nearly always associated with the presence of the antigen. Since tissue typing at
      the moment is an expensive and relatively unavailable laboratory technic, its
      widespread and indiscriminatory use as a diagnostic test cannot be encouraged.
      However, in the clinical settings outlined above, tissue typing provides an
      invaluable diagnostic test. Presently, the combination of a negative test for
      rheumatoid factor and a positive test for HLA B27 is one of the strongest
      diagnostic laboratory profiles available to the physician when faced with a
      patient with early or atypical rheumatic disease. Aside from the purely clinical
      setting, the most exciting aspect of the association between these diseases and a
      specific cell surface antigen lies in the hope that we have a clue to the
      pathogenesis of a group of common rheumatic disorders. If the cause or causes of
      spondyloarthropathy can one day be found, the detection of HLA B27 may provide a
      useful public health measure facilitating preventive medicine. Even now, the
      detection of susceptible subjects within a family or a population will open the
      way for early diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1086198
TI  - [New endonuclease Hind-Glu from Haemophilus influenzae Rd 123].

PMID- 1086199
TI  - [Granulomatous colitis following naproxene].

PMID- 1086200
TI  - [Color blindness: in high school students less often than in elementary school
      pupils].

PMID- 1086201
TI  - [Proteolytic enzymes, their inhibitors and the state of bone regeneration].

PMID- 1086202
TI  - Thyroxine (by competitive protein binding analysis) in human and cow milk and in
      infant formulas.
AB  - In 45 mothers of full term infants the level of thyroxine (T4) in serum (45
      samples) and unskimmed milk (92 samples) was estimated with the aid of
      competitive protein binding analysis. On the 3rd day after delivery the T4 level
      in serum was found to be 11.1 +/- 0.4 mug/100 ml, while that in milk was 1.3 +/-
      0.3 mug/100 ml. During following days of lactation the T4 concentration in sera
      decreased. In contrast, however, a gradual increase of the T4 content in milk was
      observed. The serum and milk levels equalized during the third week post partum
      (7.3 +/- 1.3 and 7.6 +/- 1.4 mu6/100 ml, respectively). After the 25th day the T4
      level in milk was found to be higher than in sera from the same women (paired
      test: P less than 0.005). Values of 12.9 +/- 1.3 in milk and 8.1 +/- 0.7 mug/100
      ml in sera were found in the second month of lactation. A negative correlation
      between serum and milk T4 level was found during the early lactation (3-20 days),
      while after 20th day this correlation was positive. Very low and almost
      undetectable levels of T4 were found in cow's milk and infant formulas derived
      from it.

PMID- 1086203
TI  - Specific antidiuretic effect of [Leu4, D-Arg8] vasotocin and [Mpr1, Leu4, D-Arg8]
      vasotocin. Comment on the idea of lipophilic properties and position 4.
AB  - [Leu4, D-Arg8] vasotocin (I) and [Mpr1, Leu4, D-Arg8] vasotocin (II) possess a
      considerable and very specific antidiuretic effect. In I, the change of
      configuration in position 8 caused an increase of the magnitude of the
      antidiuretic effect. In I, the change of configuration in position 8 caused by
      two orders and a decrease of the magnitude of the pressor effect by one order. I
      and II are the first vasotocin analogues reported to have a relatively high and
      specific antidiuretic effect.

PMID- 1086204
TI  - Optimization of determination of ovulation after clomiphene therapy.
AB  - A total of 131 cycles of 71 sterility patients, who suffered from anovulatory
      cycles at least previous 6 months, were monitored daily by a rapid
      radioimmunoassay for LH and by gynecological examinations before we attempted to
      induce ovulations with Clomiphene. The width of the cervix, spinnbarkeit,
      transparency of the cervical mucus and karyopycnotic and acidophilic index of the
      vagina were recorded daily. 18 subjects exhibited hypoplasia of the uterus and 32
      husbands of the 71 patients suffered from severe to medium oligospermia.
      Homologous inseminations were performed in 15 patients. Different patterns of LH
      serum levels were observed during and after Clomiphene treatment. The response of
      LH to Clomiphene and preovulatory LH rise was recorded in 73 cycles. No
      Clomiphene response with preovulatory LH peak was observed in 31 cycles. 11
      patients out of 71 subjects failed to ovulate. 12 patients (30.7%) out of 39
      subjects with normospermatic husbands became pregnant. 6 patients (18.7%) of 32
      subjects whose husbands suffered from oligospermia became pregnant. A total
      pregnancy rate of 30% calculated, when the 11 patients with negative responses
      are excluded. The conclusion is reached that sterility patients benefit most,
      when both gynecological as well as rapid LH estimations by radioimmunoassay are
      used to time imminent ovulations in Clomiphene treated subjects.

PMID- 1086205
TI  - Testosterone in human urine as determined by gas-liquid chromatography.
AB  - A simple and accurate gas chromatographic method for the determination of
      testosterone in human urine is described. Radioactive testosterone was added to
      samples to correct methodological loss. A mild acid hydrolysis under protection
      of benzene layer gave a single estimate of testosterone glucuronate and sulphate.
      Paper chromatography and rechromatography on chromatoplate served for preliminary
      qurification. Testosterone was gas chromatographed as acetate and guantitated by
      the internal standard procedure and flame ionization detector. Results of control
      experiments, normal values for female and male subjects and estimations in
      patients with alterations of androgen hormone metabolism are presented.

PMID- 1086206
TI  - Effect of antiandrogen (cyproterone acetate) on the action of testosterone on
      bone protein.
AB  - The effect of castration, androgen and antiandrogen treatment on bone protein
      content of femoral diaphyses of male mice was investigated. Castration as well as
      administration of 2.5 mg of cyproterone acetate for 21 days reduced significantly
      the protein content of the bone. Testosterone fully compensated the bone protein
      depletion seen in castrates. Simultaneous administration of both cyproterone
      acetate and testosterone to castrates blocked the testosterone action. The data
      show that the mice bone matrix is a highly androgen dependent tissue.

PMID- 1086207
TI  - Distribution of corticotropin releasing factor(s) activity in neural and
      extraneural tissues of the rat.
AB  - Distribution and dose-response characteristics of corticotropin releasing
      factor(s) (CRF) activity in the central nervous and extraneural tissues of the
      rat were examined with a sensitive CRF bioassay using ACTH secretion by cultured
      rat adenohypophyseal cells. Dose-response curves for hypothalamus were steeper
      than and not parallel to those for cerebral cortex, liver, serum or human urine.
      The minimum effective dose was smallest for the posterior pituitary. CRF activity
      of the basal hypothalamus was considerably higher than that in other parts of the
      hypothalamus, and was unaltered by 2.5 or 10 min ether stress. Our data indicate
      that "specific" CRF is concentrated primarily in the basal hypothalamus and
      posterior pituitary and is not identical with widely distributed
      extrahypothalamic extraneurohypophyseal CRF.

PMID- 1086208
TI  - Studies on factor VIII activation potential in hemophilia A-plasma and its
      significance for the comprehension of hemophilia.
AB  - In a factor VIII exchange test experiment higher factor VIII activities are
      measurable than would be expected from the single activities of the used plasmas.
      The same goes for the use of plasmas from carriers of hemophilia A, but not for
      plasmas from patients with v.W.J.S. (von-Willebrand Jurgens syndrome). In plasmas
      from hemophilic adults activation obviously proceeds at a slower rate than in
      plasmas from hemophilic children. The experimental results lead to the hypothesis
      that factor VIII for its activation needs a specific activator or activator
      system. This process can be stopped by natural inhibitors. Contrary to existing
      opinion, the coagulation defect of hemophilia A is not to be sought in an
      inability to be activated or even in absence of factor VIII, but in a previous
      step, in its activator. This activator is absent or defective. In patients with
      v.W.J.S. disease the activator or activator system is intact, but factor VIII is
      missing.

PMID- 1086209
TI  - Effect of leucocyte washings on cellular immunity to human renal carcinoma.

PMID- 1086210
TI  - Sequential use of methotrexate, folinic acid, and cytosine arabinoside in the
      treatment of acute leukemia.

PMID- 1086211
TI  - Studies on the mitogenic activity of trypsin, pronase and neuraminidase on human
      peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured in the presence of protease
      (trypsin and pronase) and Vibrio choleraneuraminidase. T and B lymphocyte
      populations were separated and the effect of these enzymes plus phytohaemagglutin
      or Tuberculin was studied. The results of these experiments show that proteases
      moderately stimulate spontaneous deoxynucleic acid synthesis of control cells and
      potentiate the effect of tuberculin on sensitized cells. These enzymes act
      specifically on B lymphocytes. Neuraminidase also increases spontaneous
      deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis of control cells and augments significantly the
      in vitro response to PPD. There is no additive effect of neuraminidase on
      phytohaemagglutin stimulated cells. Neuraminidase seems to stimulate specifically
      T lymphocytes. Some possible mechanisms of action of these enzymes are proposed
      and discussed.

PMID- 1086212
TI  - Generation of antibody diversity. IV. Variation within single clones of antibody
      forming cells developing in vivo.
AB  - Previous experimental work demonstrated that clonal variation occurs in vitro.
      The present experiments were designed to test for clonal variation in vivo. B
      cells were transferred at limiting dilution, with antigen, into irradiated
      recipients. Seven days later spleens were assayed for plaque-forming cell (PFC)
      colonies. Control experiments showed that these PFC colonies were clones, that
      is, they were derived from a single B cell precursor. When the clones were
      analyzed for heterogeneity of the PFC population, using cross-reactivity on
      various mixtures of red blood cells as a method of detecting differences in
      antibody specificity, from 23-83% of the clones contained variants. By adjusting
      the amounts of helper activity and antigen available to a developing clone, we
      have been able to influence this variation; high levels of help and/or antigen
      favor pure clones, while low levels of either produce mainly mixed clones.

PMID- 1086213
TI  - The role of thymus-derived lymphocytes in an antibody-mediated hapten-specific
      helper effect.
AB  - The cellular basis of the antibody-mediated, hapten-specific anti-idiotype
      antibody response of CBA/J mice to a hapten conjugate of the BALB/c myeloma
      protein LPC-1 was examined. Previous studies have shown that anti-idiotype
      antibody is produced if the mice are given anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) antibody
      and then immunized with DNP-LPC-1; immunization with DNP-LPC-1 or LPC-1 alone
      does not lead to the production of this antibody. In the present experiments,
      mice depleted of thymus-derived lymphocytes by two different techniques failed to
      make anti-idiotype antibody after transfer of anti-DNP antibody and immunization
      with DNP-LPC-1. However, thymus-deprived mice given anti-DNP antibody and
      reconstituted with thymus-derived spleen cells did make anti-idiotype antibody in
      response to DNP-LPC-1. Thymocytes could not reconstitute such mice for this
      response. The possible mechanisms for this hapten-specific, antibody-mediated, T
      cell-dependent helper effect are discussed. It is felt that such helper effects
      represent an alternate pathway to conventional specific T cell-mediated
      cooperation. Further examples of antibody-mediated helper effects which support
      this hypothesis are also presented.

PMID- 1086214
TI  - Spontaneous release of T cell receptors for alloantigens. II. Induction of
      antibodies to T cell receptors.
AB  - Spleen cells from normal mice, when cultivated in vitro, released receptors or
      recognition structures (RS) for alloantigens into the surrounding medium. The
      spontaneous shedding of receptors was revealed by their ability to induce the
      formation of anti-recognition structure(anti-RS) antibodies upon injection into
      appropriate F1 hybrid recipients. Cell suspensions containing T and B lymphocytes
      and those containing T lymphocytes were capable of inducing anti-RS antibody
      formation, whereas suspensions devoid of T cells were incapable of doing so.
      Receptors shed from such cell suspensions during a 24-hour cultivation period
      gave exactly the same results. Cell-free culture supernatants, however, incited
      higher anti-RS antibody titers, presumably because of an accumulation of RS. The
      capacity of released T cell receptors to recognize alloantigens as determined in
      the PAR assay and their ability to induce anti-RS antibodies went roughly
      parallel.

PMID- 1086215
TI  - Surface morphology of murine B and T lymphocytes: A comparative study by scanning
      electron microscopy.
AB  - A variety of murine lymphocytes of known B or T derivation obtained from
      different lymphoid organs were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) by
      the critical point drying method after collecting the cells by aspiration onto
      silver membranes. Comparison of SEM appearances of cells prepared by this
      technique and serological classification according to surface antigens showed
      that most T cells had smooth surfaces with few microvilli, while many B
      lymphocytes were moderately to markedly villous. Further evidence for the above
      correlation was obtained by examining thymic cells and enriched B or T cell
      populations. Thymic cell suspensions containing less than 5% B cells showed over
      80% generally smooth cells by SEM. Enriched T cell populations, obtained by mass
      cytolysis of lymph node preparations with anti-Ia or anti-Ig sera or by
      purification through nylon fiber columns, contained over 85% T cells, and more
      than 75% of them were of the smooth cell type. A similar correlation was noted
      for enriched B cell populations obtained by cytolysis of lymph node cells with
      anti-Thy-1 serum, and by lysis of EAC-rosettes. Over 90% of these cells were
      identified as B cells by immunologic methods and approximately 75% had moderate
      to markedly villous surfaces. The 15% difference can be accounted for by the
      existence of a subpopulation of smooth B cells. Direct observation of EAC
      rosettes confirmed that most B cells had moderate to large numbers of surface
      microvilli and that less than 10% were smooth. It is possible that some of the
      smooth cells seen in enriched B cell populations may represent precursors or B
      lymphocytes at different stages of differentiation. These results indicate that
      murine T and B lymphocytes, like their human counterparts, can be recognized in
      many cases under the SEM on the basis of their surface morphology. Smoother B and
      more villous T cells are difficult to classify by SEM without parallel
      immunologic identification.

PMID- 1086216
TI  - The effect of specific cell inactivation on the cellular immune response to
      ferredoxin peptides.
AB  - Previous studies using synthetic immunogenic molecules containing two haptenic
      peptides (ther NH2-terminal heptapeptide and the COOH-terminal pentapeptide of
      oxidized ferredoxin (O-Fd) from C. pasteurianum) have shown that both peptides
      individually are capable of initiating lymphocyte transformation and inhibiting
      migration in populations of lymphocytes from O-Fd-sensitized guinea pigs. While
      migration inhibition could readily be stimulated by single haptenic peptides,
      lymphocyte treasformation appeared to be more easily induced by molecules
      containing two or more haptenic peptides (these could be identical or different)
      (Kelly, B., Levy, J.G. and Hull, D., Eur. J. Immunol., 1973. 3:574). If
      lymphocyte transformation is a T cell-mediated phenomenon, these observations
      indicate the possibility of T cell-T cell interaction. The two haptenic peptides
      (designated "N" and "C") were synthesized and conjugated to succinylated bovine
      serum albumin (S-BSA), forming the conjugates N-S-BSA and C-S-BSA, respectively.
      These conjugates were labeled to high specific activity with 125iodine and were
      used in an "antigen suicide" procedure to treat guinea pig lymph node cell
      preparations previously sensitized to O-Fd and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH).
      Cell populations exposed to either 125I-labeled C-S-BCA demonstrated decreased
      lymphocyte transformation in the presence of O-Fd but not in the presence of KLH.
      These results indicate specific cell inactivation by the radioactive peptide
      conjugates of those cells responsible for initiating cell transformation.
      Experiments performed by mixing 125I-labeled N-S-BSA-treated cells with 125I
      labeled C-S-BSA-treated cells were successful in partially restoring the response
      to O-Fd and suggest possible synergy between N and C determinant binding cells in
      the cellular immune response to O-Fd. Evidence from B cell depletion studies
      suggests that this is a T cell-T cell interaction.

PMID- 1086217
TI  - Receptors for IgG molecules on human lymphocytes forming spontaneous rosettes
      with sheep red cells.
AB  - A mixed rosette technique with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and ox erythrocytes
      heavily coated with rabbit antibody (EA) was employed to simultaneously identify
      human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and IgG receptor-bearing cells. The findings
      of a noticeable proportion of "mixed rosettes" in peripheral blood lymphocytes
      freshly drawn from normal individuals and of an even higher number of these mixed
      rosettes in cell suspension kept in culture media supplemented with fetal calf
      serum provide evidence for the capacity of human T cells to express membrane
      receptors for antigen-antibody complexes.

PMID- 1086218
TI  - "Natural" killer cells in the mouse. II. Cytotoxic cells with specificity for
      mouse Moloney leukemia cells. Characteristics of the killer cell.
AB  - Normal mice contain cytolytic cells with specificity for in vitro grown mouse
      Moloney leukemia cells. Such killer cells are most frequent in the spleens; lymph
      node and bone marrow contain less and thymus virtually no killer activity. Peak
      activity is found around one to three months of age. Spleen cells from
      genetically athymic mice are as active killer cells as those from normal mice of
      the same strain. Treatment with anti-theta serum plus complement followed by
      removal of adherent and surface Ig positive cells by filtration through anti-Ig
      columns will leave between 1-5% of the original spleen cell population from a
      normal mouse. These cells have the morphology of small lymphocytes and perhaps
      contain all of the total original killer activity of the spleen against the
      Moloney leukemia cells. Such killer enriched cells are devoid of T and B
      lymphocytes and largely fail to function in antibody induced, cell-mediated lysis
      against antibody-coated chicken erythrocytes. It is concluded that the
      spontaneous selective cytotoxic activity of normal mouse spleen cells against
      Moloney leukemia cells is exerted by small lymphocytes of yet undefined nature.

PMID- 1086219
TI  - Cell-medicated cytotoxicity against ectromelia virus-infected target cells. III.
      Role of the H-2 gene complex.
AB  - The role of the H-2 gene complex in expression of cytotoxicity exerted by
      specific ectromelia-immune thymus-derived (T) cells against ectromelia-infected
      target cells was examined. A repertoire of inbred mouse strains (some congenic)
      including the H-2 haplotypes k, d, b, s, q, the recombinant H-2a(k/d) and F1
      hybrids (k/b and d/b) were immunized with virus and their spleen cells tested 6
      days later, at the peak of the primary response, against H-2k,H-2d and H-2b
      target cells. Significant specific cytotoxicity occurred only when the immune
      cell donors and the target cells shared all or part of the same H-2 gene complex.
      For example, H-2a (k/d) immune cells killed both H-2k and H-2d target cells.
      There was no detectable effect of the non-H-2 genetic background, H-2 public
      specificities, or the M-locus. Target cells infected with ectromelia virus
      exhibited quantitative or qualitative changes (or both) in expression of normal H
      2 antigens as indicated by reduced susceptibility to killing by T cells activated
      against H-2 antigens in mixed lymphocyte culture. These data are consistent with
      the hypothesis that T cells in this system are responding to virus-induced,
      specific changes in antigens on infected cells which are controlled by genes in
      the H-2 complex; these genes seem likely to be those coding for H-2 private
      specificities, or genes closely linked to them.

PMID- 1086220
TI  - Five types of lymphocytes (Ig-theta-, Ig-theta+weak, Ig-theta+strong, Ig+theta-
      and Ig+theta+) characterized by double immunofluorescence and electrophoretic
      mobility. Organ distribution in normal and nude mice.
AB  - The simultaneous detection of Ig and theta on the surface of mouse lymphocytes
      permits the detection of four cell types (Ig-theta-, Ig-theta+, Ig+theta-, and
      Ig+theta+) which also have distinct electrophoretic profiles. All types are
      present in variable proportions in all lymphoid organs studied. Results obtained
      in congenitally athymic nude mice and in T-deprived mice define a new type of
      lymphocyte, the Ig-theta+weak. This cell is non-recirculating, Ig-, with a low
      density of theta and a slow electrophoretic mobility. It is a candidate for a T
      committed prethymic cell.

PMID- 1086221
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity to Moloney sarcoma virus in mice. II. Analysis of
      antigenic specificities involved in T lymphocyte-mediated in vivo rejection of
      murine sarcoma virus-induced tumors.
AB  - Sublethally irradiated BALB/c mice innoculated with Moloney sarcoma virus (MSVm)
      develop progressively growing tumors and die within 30 days of virus
      innoculation. These animals can be protected from tumor progression (and death)
      by innoculation of small numbers of MSV-immune T lymphocytes from MSV-M
      innoculated (but unirradiated) animals. T lymphocytes in these donor animals have
      been shown to express immunity to a variety of viral and virally-induced
      antigens. We have investigated whether immunity to any one of these antigens was
      critically important in leading to protection of the irradiated animals by
      sensitizing normal T lymphocytes in vitro to different viral antigens and
      examining the ability of these sensitized cells to protect the irradiated
      recipients. Data is presented to show that cells sensitized in vitro to MSV
      transformed fibroblasts, and to purified antigens with group specificity, but not
      to viral envelope antigens, or whole virus, are capable of protecting the
      irradiated MS innoculated animals.

PMID- 1086222
TI  - The failure to show a necessary role for C3 in the in vitro antibody response.
AB  - The in vitro antibody response of mouse spleen cells to TNP coupled to both T
      dependent and T-independent carriers as well as to sheep erythrocytes has been
      studied to investigate the possible role of complement activation in the
      induction of antibody formation. The following has been found. (1) In vitro
      responses of both IgM and IgG can be obtained to both T-dependent and T
      independent antigens in serum-free media, although they are smaller than those
      found in serum-containing media. This shows that no exogenous source of
      complement is necessary for in vitro antibody formation by spleen cells. (2)
      Similarly, normal antibody responses are obtained if the cultures are grown in
      human serum depleted of C3b-inactivator, which contains high concentrations of
      C3b. (3) In the presence of antibody to mouse C3 the response to the T
      independent antigen is reduced, the IgM responses being more affected than the
      IgG. However, purified F(ab')2 anti-C3 has no inhibitory effect and it therefore
      seems likely that it is the formation of intact immune complexes containing Fc
      rather than the interference with C3 function that is responsible for the
      inhibition seen. (4) The conventionally purified anti-complementary factor from
      cobra venom has no effect on the antibody response in serum-free culture or when
      human or fetal calf sera are used. In no experiment was any potentiation of T
      dependent responses observed. However, the presence of quite small concentrations
      (2%) of cobra veno

PMID- 1086223
TI  - Differing mechanisms of tolerance and desensitization to dinitrochlorobenzene in
      guinea pigs.
AB  - In the present paper the mechanisms of tolerance and desensitization to
      dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) contact sensitivity in guinea pigs were investigated
      using the methods of adoptive sensitization of tolerant and normal syngeneic
      recipients and cyclophosphamide-treatment of tolerant animals known to
      selectively inactivate suppressor lymphocytes. It was shown that desensitization
      of presensitized animals is caused by the direct effect of the intravenously
      injected hapten on the effector cells in the peripheral compartment. The
      immediate onset of unresponsiveness and its very short duration almost exclude
      the possible involvement of enhancing antibodies or suppressor cells. In the case
      of tolerance induced by pretreatment with dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid, suppressor
      cell activity is enhanced, preventing normal specific immunocompetent cells from
      recognizing the antigen and/or proliferating in the draining lymph nodes. Whether
      suppressor lymphocytes are of the B or T type is not yet known.

PMID- 1086224
TI  - The failure to show a necessary role for C3 in the in vitro antibody response.
AB  - The in vitro antibody response of mouse spleen cells to TNP coupled to both T
      dependent and T-independent carriers as well as to sheep erythrocytes has been
      studied to investigate the possible role of complement activation in the
      induction of antibody formation. The following has been found. (1) In vitro
      responses of both IgM and IgG can be obtained to both T-dependent and T
      independent antigens in serum-free media, although they are smaller than those
      found in serum-containing media. This shows that no exogenous source of
      complement is necessary for in vitro antibody formation by spleen cells. (2)
      Similarly, normal antibody responses are obtained if the cultures are grown in
      human serum depleted of C3b-inactivator, which contains high concentrations of
      C3b. (3) In the presence of antibody to mouse C3 the response to the T
      independent antigen is reduced, the IgM responses being more affected than the
      IgG. However, purified F(ab')2 anti-C3 has no inhibitory effect and it therefore
      seems likely that it is the formation of intact immune complexes containing Fc
      rather than the interference with C3 function that is responsible for the
      inhibition seen. (4) The conventionally purified anti-complementary factor from
      cobra venom has no effect on the antibody response in serum-free culture or when
      human or fetal calf sera are used. In no experiment was any potentiation of T
      dependent responses observed. However, the presence of quite small concentrations
      (2%) of cobra venom factor (CVF)-treated normal mouse serum produced a profound
      inhibition of the antibody responses, affecting IgG responses more than IgM, and
      being T-dependent more than T-independent, but no part of the response being
      unaffected. However, CVF heated to 70 degrees C which destroys the
      anticomplementary activity but not the contaminating phospholipase A was equally
      effective. More highly purified CVF, on the other hand, was not. These findings
      strongly suggest that the inhibition observed is due to residual phospholipase A
      reacting with lecithin in the mouse serum rather than to any anticomplementary
      effect. (5) Spleen cells taken from mice-treated with CVF in vivo were also
      unable to give a full IgG response to the T-dependent antigens if challenged 24 h
      after CVF treatment. However, after 48 h no inhibition was observed. It therefore
      seems to us that it is unlikely that C3 plays any real part in the in vitro
      antibody response. Our data--like the occurrence of genetically C3-deficient
      humans with apparently normal antibody responses--sould seem to preclude any
      necessary role for C3 in antibody production.

PMID- 1086225
TI  - Immunological memory function of the T and B cell types: distribution over mouse
      spleen and lymph nodes.
AB  - Spleens from LAF1 mice injected intravenously with sheep erythrocytes (SE) are
      relatively rich in memory T cells early in the immune response (1 to 3 days) and
      rich in memory B cells as the response progresses (2 weeks or more). Marked
      cooperation for the secondary immune response in vitro was obtained by combining
      10(6) spleen cells from LAF1 mice, taken 2 days after intravenous priming with
      SE, with 10(7) spleen cells from day 14 primed mice. The results indicate
      relative deficiencies in the spleen for B memory cells on days 1 to 2 and for T
      memory cells on day 14 after priming. Day -14, but not day -2, immune lymph node
      (LN) cells could replace the day -2 spleen cells (anti-Thy 1.2 sensitive) in the
      in vitro cooperation with day -14 immune spleen cells. Immune spleen cells taken
      4 to 7 days after priming contain more equivalent numbers of B and T memory
      cells, but 10 to 7 days after transfer of such immune spleen cells without SE
      into irradiated recipients the T memory cells were again more prominent in lymph
      node and the B memory cells in spleen as shown by in vitro cooperation studies.
      These results suggest that during the second week after intravenous injection of
      SE relatively more T than B memory cells migrate from spleen to lymph node,
      resulting in an imbalance in the splenic memory cell population favoring B memory
      cell function.

PMID- 1086226
TI  - Lack of requirement for thymocytes for efficient antibody formation to
      trinitrophenylated mouse red cells in mice: role for thymocytes in suppression of
      the immune response.
AB  - The requirement of thymus-derived cells for the immune response to
      trinitrophenylated syngeneic mouse red cells (TNP-MRC) was investigated. In three
      sets of experiments the following results were obtained: a) irradiated mice which
      were reconstituted with bone marrow cells alone showed a better anti-TNP response
      after injection with TNP-MRC than those reconstituted with both bone marrow cells
      and thymocytes. b) Anti-thymocyte serum augmented the mouse anti-TNP response to
      TNP-MRC. c) Nude thymusless mice showed a better anti-TNP response to TNP-MRC
      than their normal littermate controls. These results indicate that the anti-TNP
      response of mice to TNP-MRC does not require thymus-derived helper cells.
      Moreover, thymus-derived cells have a suppressive effect on the anti-TNP
      response.

PMID- 1086227
TI  - Turnover of radioiodinated and of leucine-labeled immunoglobulin M in murine
      splenic lymphocytes.
AB  - Lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination of cell surface proteins and
      biosynthetic incorporation of tritiated leucine were used to study the size and
      turnover of cell-associated immunoglobulins in splenic lymphocytes of different
      size from BALB/c, C3H, and nu/nu mice. Small spleen cells, separated from large
      cells by velocity sedimentation, showed a single slow rate of turnover (t1/2 = 10
      30 h) of surface radioiodinated or leucine-labeled IgM released as the monomeric
      7-8 S subunit of IgM. Mitogen-activated large B cells and nonstimulated large
      spleen cells, separated by velocity sedimentation, released leucine-labeled IgM
      in an initial rapid phase (t1/2 = 2-4 h) as 19 S IgM, and later released 7-8 S
      IgM slowly (t1/2 = 10-30 h). The iodination reaction changed neither the biphasic
      mode of turnover, nor, even at higher concentration of H2O2, the size of the
      actively secreted 19 S IgM. Radioiodination of mitogen-activated large cells or
      of unstimulated large cells labeled only the slowly released 7-8 S IgM, not the
      actively secreted 19 S IgM. Large cells of nonstimulated spleen, however,
      released radioiodinated as well as leucine-labeled IgM also rapidly (t1/2 = 1-3
      h). These rapidly released IgM molecules were found to be 7-8 S IgM subunits. Our
      results indicate that these turnover rate and size differences of radioiodinated
      and of leucine-labeled IgM released from murine spleen cells are in part
      resulting from the differences in the methodology of labeling and are in other
      parts due to different small and large splenic lymphocytes releasing IgM of
      different size at different rates.

PMID- 1086228
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens acting as helper determinants for tumor-associated
      antigens of murine lymphosarcoma.
AB  - The mechanism of effectiveness of allogeneic versus syngeneic immunization in
      mounting a humoral specific immune response against tumor-associated antigens of
      murine urethan-induced thymic lymphosarcomas was studied. C57BL mice immunized
      with untreated or blocked C3Hf lymphoma cells yielded sera with complement
      dependent cytotoxicity for C57BL lymphosarcomas, whereas they did not respond to
      repeated injections of blocked syngeneic lymphoma cells, indicating a helper
      activity of alien alloantigens in the reflex of tumor antigens. Thymectomized,
      lethally-irradiated and T, but not B-reconstituted mice produced active sera,
      suggesting a T-dependent response. The anti-tumor activity of the serum ran
      parallel with the anti-histocompatibility one. The tumor-associated and the alien
      histocompatibility determinants had to be present on the same cell membrane. In
      addition, active sera were obtained when immunizing syngeneic lymphoma cell
      inocula were followed by allogeneic normal immunocompetent cells. It is suggested
      that either a helper mechanism with B and T cells cooperating in recognizing
      haptenic tumor-associated and carrier histocompatibility antigens or a graft
      versus-host reaction determining an abnormal induction of the immune system is
      needed in order to detect the weak tumor-associated antigens of urethan-induced
      lymphomas.

PMID- 1086229
TI  - Target cell-dependent T cell-mediated lysis of vaccinia virus-infected cells.
AB  - Vaccinia virus specific cytotoxicity against infected target cells was observed
      in vitro. Spleen lymphocytes from normal and immunized mice of the inbred strains
      C3H and DBA/2 were incubated with vaccinia virus-infected and non-infected 51 Cr
      labeled mastocytoma P-815-X2 cells and L-929 fibroblasts, which were used as
      targets. Cytotoxic lymphocytes could be isolated from the mice as early as 2 days
      after infection with vaccinia virus. The highest cytotoxic effect was obtained
      with lymphocytes taken 6 days after infection. The degree of lysis was correlated
      with the ratio of immune lymphocytes to target cells. Specific blocking of target
      cell lysis resulted after addition of anti-vaccinia antibody from different
      sources. The effector cells could be characterized as T cells by elimination of
      macrophages and B cells. Target cell killing was only possible in a syngeneic
      system; allogeneic infected target cells were not lysed significantly.

PMID- 1086230
TI  - Subclasses of T cells with different sensitivities to cytotoxic antibody in the
      presence of anesthetics.
AB  - When cytotoxic titrations were made of rabbit anti-mouse brain and anti-Thy-1.2
      sera against mouse lymphoid cells in the presence of sodium barbital or
      xylocaine, it was observed that a proportion of T cells were much more sensitive
      (50 x) than the remainder. This effect could be detected with ethidium or
      fluorescein diacetate as indicators of cell death, but not with trypan blue or
      51Cr. The highly sensitive cells were found in all lymphoid tissues, being most
      numerous in spleen and least in lymph nodes.

PMID- 1086231
TI  - p-Azobenzenearsonate-L-tyrosine-mediated helper function in immune responses of
      guinea pigs and rats.
AB  - A small bifunctional antigen (4-hydroxy-5-iodo-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl-epsilon
      aminocaproyl-L-tyrosine-azobenzene-p-arsonate [NIP-cap-TYR(ABA)] was found to
      induce fair humoral antibody formation against NIP-cap but very little anti-ABA
      TYR. This was observed in rats and guinea pigs. Prior immunization with ABA-TYR,
      either as such or coupled to dodecanoylated bovine serum albumin (lipid-BSA),
      primed rats for an enhanced anti-NIP response to NIP-cap-TYR(ABA). An attempt to
      encourage rats to produce anti-ABA-TYR in response to the bifunctional antigen by
      priming them with NIP-cap-lipid-BSA failed. Priming with ABA-TYR was dose
      dependent. An injection of 1.5-15 nanomoles per rat primed for an increased
      production of anti-NIP while 150 nanomoles did not. Adult thymectomized x
      irradiated rats had a poor anti-NIP response to the bifunctional antigen if they
      were reconstituted with T-enriched lymphoid cells from control mice, but a good
      response if reconstituted with similar cells from ABA-TYR-primed syngeneic rats.

PMID- 1086232
TI  - Nonspecific acid esterase activity: a criterion for differentiation of T and B
      lymphocytes in mouse lymph nodes.
AB  - A modified technique was used to demonstrate lymphocytic acid alpha-naphthyl
      acetate esterase activity in frozen sections of mouse lymphoid tissue or smears.
      Positive, dot-like reaction products were noticed in more than 94% of the
      lymphocytes located in the diffuse cortical ("paracortical", "thymus-dependent")
      area of mesenteric lymph nodes of young adult ICR mice. Almost identical values
      were found for lymphocytes in the cisterna chyli. In contrast, the follicular
      cortex which is predominantly occupied by B cells, contained less than 7%
      esterase-positive lymphocytes. In vitro, cytotoxic anti-theta serum destroyed the
      vast majority of esterase positive lymphocytes while esterase-negative
      lymphocytes were resistent to this treatment. In mesenteric nodes of nude BALB/c
      (nu/nu) mice, follicular cortex and paracortex together contained approximately
      16 times less esterase-positive lymphocytes than in the immunologically competent
      hybrid BALB/c (nu/+) animals. These findings indicate that non-specific acid
      esterase activity may serve as a criterion to differentiate peripheral T and B
      lymphocytes in lymph node sections and smears of mice by light microscopy.
      Possible implications of this enzyme activity in thymus-derived lymphocytes are
      discussed.

PMID- 1086233
TI  - H-2-linked genetic control of antibody response to soluble calf skin collagen in
      mice.
AB  - An autosomal dominant immune response gene could be demonstrated in congenic
      resistant strains of mice which is linked to the H-2 locus and controls the
      antibody response to soluble calf collagen. High responsiveness was associated
      with the H-2 alleles, b and f, low responsiveness with the H-2 alleles, d, k, m
      and r. Studies with calf procollagen, which contains an additional carrier
      moiety, indicated that these genetic differences might be expressed at the level
      of T cells.

PMID- 1086234
TI  - Regulation of the immune response by subclasses of T lymphocytes. I. Interactions
      between pre-killer T cells and regulatory T cells obtained from peripheral
      lymphoid tissues of mice.
AB  - The generation of killer cells to alloantigens in vitro depends upon an
      interaction between two subclasses of peripheral T cells: "pre-killer" T cells
      and "regulatory" T cells. The pre-killer T cell, found in highest concentrations
      in peripheral lymph nodes of mice, is sensitive in vivo to the administration of
      small doses of anti-thymocyte serum (ATS) and is depleted in vitro by treatment
      with (a) anti-Thy-1.2 + C, (b) low doses (600 r) of x-irradiation. Specificity of
      pre-killer cells is supported by adsorption of pre-killer activity on appropriate
      allogeneic monolayers and by the specific absence of this activity from lymphoid
      tissues of mice rendered tolerant in neonatal life. Although T cells remaining in
      the spleen 2 days after a small dose of ATS (SPA-T) did not generate killer
      cells, this subset exerted substantial regulatory effects upon the generation of
      killer activity by pre-killer T cells. The addition of this population of
      regulatory T cells to small numbers of lymph node T cells (LN-T) resulted in
      substantial enhancement in the generation of killer cells from the LN-T pre
      killers. The addition of SPA-T to larger numbers of LN-T (which produce strong
      responses alone), failed to enhance the response, and in some cases resulted in
      significant suppression which could not easily be accounted for by alteration in
      cell numbers in culture. Although amplifier activity was relatively
      radioresistant, "suppressor" activity was sensitive to relatively small doses of
      irradiation. The significance of this T-T interaction is discussed.

PMID- 1086235
TI  - Regulation of the immune response by subclasses of T lymphocytes. II. The effect
      of adult thymectomy upon humoral and cellular responses in mice.
AB  - The immunologic consequences resulting from thymectomy in adult life were
      investigated. Primary humoral responses were not diminished shortly after adult
      thymectomy, as judged by responses of intact thymectomized mice as well as by the
      ability of spleen cells from such mice to transfer primary responses. However,
      secondary humoral responses were substantially reduced in irradiated recipients
      of spleen cells from primed adult-thymectomized mice, suggesting that the thymus
      is required in adult life to maintain a population of cells important in the
      generation of immunologic helper memory. By contrast, small doses of anti
      thymocyte serum, which primarily affect recirulating T cells, abrogated the
      primary humoral response, but allowed the subsequent development of immune
      memory. Using a technique permitting in vitro sensitization of purified T cells
      to alloantigens, it was shown that adult thymectomy increases the ability of T
      cells to generate primary cytotoxic responses, but had little effect upon the
      development of cytotoxic T memory activity. These experiments suggest that in
      adult life the thymus maintains a regulatory population of T cells in peripheral
      tissues which suppress early T cell differentiation to cytotoxic effector cells
      and potentiates the development of immune memory.

PMID- 1086236
TI  - Antibody response to phosphorylcholine in vitro. I. Studies on the frequency of
      precursor cells, average clone size and cellular cooperation.
AB  - The anti-phosphorylcholine (PC) antibodies synthesized by BALB/c spleen cells in
      microcultures upon immunization with heat-killed vaccine of Pneumococci R36A (Pn)
      are directed exclusively to the PC epitope. These antibodies are of very
      restricted avidity and 88% of the responding clones express the idiotype
      characteristic of the TEPC-15 PC-binding myeloma. This idiotypic restriction
      appears to be due to the absence of clones capable of expressing other idiotypes,
      rather than to "clonal dominance". The estimated frequency of precursor cells for
      the PC epitope is 1 X 10(-5) to 2.5 X 10(-5). These precursors give rise to
      clones with an average size of 9 plaque-forming cells. When the logarithm of the
      number of negative wells was plotted against the number of spleen cells/well, the
      fraction of nonresponding cultures decreased exponentially as the number of
      spleen cells was increased. This indicated that only one cell type was limiting
      in our assay, presumably a B cell. Furthermore, treatment of spleen cells with
      AKR anti serum completely abolished the response to sheep red cells without
      affecting the response to PC. It is concluded that PC is a T cell-independent
      antigen. Of interest was the finding that PC requires adherent (A) cells and this
      is a particular characteristic of PC, since most T cell-independent antigens have
      been found not to require A cells. Reasons for the possible homogeneity of the
      response to PC are also discussed.

PMID- 1086237
TI  - Recruitment of effector lymphocytes by initiator lymphocytes: role of a trypsin
      sensitive membrane component.
AB  - In earlier studies we found that initiator T lymphocytes sensitized in vitro
      against fibroblasts were able to recruit immunospecific effector T lymphocytes in
      vivo in syngeneic mice. In the present study, to investigate the possible
      function in effector cell recruitment of sensitizing antigens passively adsorbed
      onto the initiator cell membrane, we treated the initiator lymphocytes with
      trypsin. We found that trypsin inhibited recruitment. However, the initiator
      cells spontaneously recovered their recruiting ability after incubation in vitro
      for 4 h in the absence of contact with sensitizing antigens. Recovery could be
      blocked by cycloheximide. Hence, it appears that recruitment depends on the
      intrinsic metabolic function of the initiator lymphocytes and is not due merely
      to passively-adsorbed antigen carried over into the recipient mouse.

PMID- 1086238
TI  - Immunoglobulin turnover in B lymphocyte subpopulations.
AB  - "In vitro" turnover of leucine-labeled and of radioiodinated IgM has been studied
      with cells from various lymphoid organs of nude mice, i.e. lymph nodes, thoracic
      duct, spleen and bone marrow, as well as with subpopulations of B cells from
      spleen and bone marrow separated by free flow electrophoresis. Three types of IgM
      producing lymphocytes could be distinguished by their turnover rates of IgM, by
      the size of the released IgM and by the capacity of the IgM molecules to be
      labeled by the lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination reaction and/or by
      incorporation of radioactive leucine. Type I cells release 7-8 S IgM rapidly
      (t1/2 = 1-3h); the released IGM is leucine-labeled and radioiodinated. Type II
      cells release 7-8 S IgM slowly (t1/2 =10-30); the released IgM is leucine labeled
      and radioiodinated. Type III cells release 19 S IgM rapidly (t1/2 =2-4 h); the
      released IgM is leucine labeled, but not radioiodinated. Lymph nodes and thoracic
      duct contain predominantly type II cells, bone marrow contains type I and II
      cells, spleen contains type I,II and III cells. It is suggested that type III
      cells are Ig-secreting plaque-forming plasma cells, type II cells are small,
      resting "memory" B cells, and type I cells may be newly formed antigen
      inexperienced B cells.

PMID- 1086239
TI  - 5-Hydroxytryptophan effect on the development of the immune response: IgM and IgG
      antibodies and rosette formation in primary and secondary responses.
AB  - In animals immunized with bovine serum albumin, 5-hydroxytryptophan prolonged the
      latent period of the IgM and IgG primary responses, decreased response intensity,
      delayed the response peak and suppressed IgG immunological memory. In 5
      hydroxytryptophan-treated mice, the number of rosette-forming cells (RFC) in the
      lymph node and spleen decreased during the primary and secondary responses. This
      effect was due to the decreased number of IgG RFC and to the later involvement of
      IgM RFC in the immune response. The absence of the secondary response was related
      to unprimed IgG memory cells. 5-hydroxytryptophan does not inhibit the primary
      and secondary responses after the connections between the hypothalamus and
      pituitary have been disrupted. The participation of the n.raphe-hypothalaminc
      pituitary system in immuno-regulation and the putative mechanism underlying
      serotonin effect on the immune response are discussed.

PMID- 1086240
TI  - Hapten-induced B cell paralysis. II. Evidence for trivial mechanisms of
      tolerance.
AB  - Injection into mice of a free reactive form of the hapten (4-hydroxy-3,5
      dinitrophenyl)acetyl (NNP), induces a state of specific unresponsiveness to the
      hapten, upon its challenge with thymus-cependent and independent carriers. This
      unresponsiveness is maintained in vitro. Both induction and expression of the
      unresponsive state were found to be independent of T cells. Analysis of the
      mechanisms responsible for the B cell "tolerance" demonstrated that the major
      cause of unresponsiveness in this system is the blockade of specific surface
      receptors on B cells by the hapten, abolishing the focusing function of these
      receptors. "Tolerant" B cells, though they were unresponsive to the antigen,
      could be activated to anti-hapten antibody secretion by the B cell mitogen
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which does not require Ig-mediated binding. They also
      became fully responsive to the antigen NNP-LPS in specific thymus-independent
      responses after 24 hours of in vitro incubation in the absence of tolerogen,
      conditions which allow "deblocking" of Ig surface receptors, and, thus,
      restoration of the focusing function of these receptors. These results
      demonstrate that great care is required for a clearcut definition of B cell
      tolerance. In this example, the tolerant B cells were perfectly responsive to a
      competent ligand, and no indication of an altered triggering or effector
      processes was found. It appears that in this, as in many other cases of B cell
      tolerance, the systems or the animals are tolerant, whereas B cells maintain a
      resting nonactivated state and are fully responsive to the triggering signal.
      Thus, the existence of tolerance-inducing signals resulting in B cell
      unresponsiveness is questioned.

PMID- 1086241
TI  - Immunological effects of IgT synthesized by theta-positive cell lines.
AB  - The effects of immunoglobulin (Ig) purified by affinity chromatography from two
      cultured T cell lines on in vitro immune responses was studied. IgT purified from
      both EL-4 and WEHI-22 suppressed the thymus-dependent IgM response, but had no
      effect on the thymus-independent IgM response. In contrast, the IgG responses to
      both thymus-dependent and independent antigens were augmented at optimal
      concentrations of IgT. Ig of B cell origin--serum Ig, myeloma Ig, B cell surface
      Ig -- did not have any of these effects. Because of the similarity of the effects
      of IgT purified from the lymphomas with the effects of T cells and their IgT, it
      seems likely that the IgT obtained from EL-4 and WEHI-22 cell lines are analogues
      of normal IgT and thus should be useful in elucidating some of the chemical and
      biological properties of IgT.

PMID- 1086242
TI  - A simple rosette assay for demonstration of complement receptor sites using
      complement-coated zymosan beads.
AB  - In the present article we describe a simple rosette assay for detection of C3
      receptor-bearing B lymphocytes with complement (C)-coated zymosan (Zy) beads. Zy
      coated with murine or human C bound to a distinct population of human and mouse
      lymphocytes as well as to the majority of lymphoblastoid cells of several human
      established cell lines. Rosette formation was also observed with human red blood
      cells, with human monocytes and neutrophils. Experiments with anti-immunoglobulin
      sera, with other B and T cell markers and with mouse thymocytes proved that the
      capacity to bind C-coated Zy is primarily a feature of B lymphocytes. The
      following findings suggested that C-coated Zy is bound via receptor sites for the
      activated components of C3: (a) Zy coated with C3-deficient serum failed to bind,
      (b) comparable percentages of various lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells formed
      rosettes with C-coated Zy as well as with antibody and C-coated sheep red blood
      cells, and (c) antibodies against human or murine C3 inhibited the binding of C
      coated Zy.

PMID- 1086243
TI  - Ontogeny of the antibody-forming cell line in mice. I. Kinetics of appearance of
      mature B cells.
AB  - The development of functionally mature B cells in the liver and spleen of fetal
      and neonatal CBA mice has been followed. A mature B cell is defined as one giving
      rise to antibody-producing progeny within 2 days in culture. Very few such B
      cells are found during fetal life. After birth there is a rapid rise in the
      numbers reaching 1/3 of adult levels in the 7-day-old spleen.

PMID- 1086244
TI  - Suppression of immune response to sheep red blood cells in mice treated with
      preparations of a tumor cell component and in tumor-bearing mice.
AB  - The frequency of rosette-forming cells (RFC) in spleens of mice immunized with
      sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was significantly reduced by pretreatment with
      preparations obtained from tumor extracts. This effect was not produced by
      preparations obtained by similar methods from normal tissue extracts. Significant
      suppression of RFC frequency was also found in spleens of mice immunized with
      SRBC at late stages of tumor growth, as compared to that in immunized controls
      and in mice bearing tumors at early stages. The results suggest that at late
      stages, a tumor cell component is released by tumor cells which may be similar to
      the nondialyzable immune suppressive factor(s) separated by us from tumor
      extracts, factors found in ascites fluid of tumor-bearing mice and those known to
      be released from tumor cells in vitro.

PMID- 1086245
TI  - Persisting T cells in rats tolerant of human serum albumin. The significance of
      tolerant and nonimmune T cells which preferentially restrict high affinity
      antibody synthesis.
AB  - The adoptive response of primed rat thoracic duct lymphocytes ('TDL) following
      specific antigen challenge (soluble human serum albumin, s-HSA) was restricted
      when cells were transferred into syngeneic, adult (AS2 X AS)F1 hybrid recipients
      in comparison with irradiated hosts. This adoptive memory response was also
      inhibited in irradiated recipients by transferring nonimmune TDL along with 'TDL.
      Recirculating B cells (B-TDL) did not inhibit the 'TDL response, indicating that
      the adoptive secondary response was regulated by T cells. Antibody synthesis was
      preferentially restricted in the high affinity memory cell precursor population,
      demonstrating a role for T cells in regulating the maturation of antibody
      affinity. The adoptive memory response was liberated from this T regulatory
      effect in adult recipients when hosts were challenged with the alum-precipitated
      adjuvant form (HSA-adj) rather than the soluble form of HSA. Since the adoptive
      memory response was sensitive to the presence or absence of T cells, this
      experimental model was used to determine whether or not T cells were eliminated
      from HSA-tolerant rats. Antibody synthesis by 'TDL was reduced approximately 10
      fold compared with controls when transferred into tolerant recipients and
      challenged with either s-HSA or HSA-adj; a similar reduction was not observed by
      substituting bovine serum albumin (BSA) 'TDL and challenging with s-BSA. The
      tolerance-induced inhibition of HSA 'TDL was destroyed by irradiation and TDL
      from HSA-tolerant donors were more effective than normal nonimmune TDL in
      reducing the adoptive HSA 'TDL response. HSA-tolerant TDL did not inhibit the BSA
      'TDL response significantly. The results indicate that T cells are not eliminated
      by tolerance induction in this model and after interaction with tolerogen may
      exert an active (or competitive) role in restricting antibody synthesis by high
      affinity B memory cell precursors. However, the fact that tolerant T cells are
      not able to prevent a primary response suggests that unresponsiveness to HSA in
      the T compartment represents a functional deficiency and not an active
      suppression at this level. Nevertheless, the presence of these tolerant cells
      probably accounts for the failure of antibody affinity to mature in partially
      tolerant rats.

PMID- 1086246
TI  - X-ray enhancement of splenic rosette-forming cells in nonimmune mice.
AB  - The formation of rosettes between spleen cells from nonimmune mice and sheep red
      blood cells (SRBC) has been investigated. The number of splenic rosette-forming
      cells (RFC) in the intact spleen was very low but greatly increased after
      sublethal whole body x-irradiation. These cells were inhibited by pretreatment of
      the cells with AKR anti-C3H- antigen antiserum, in the presence of fresh guinea
      pig serum, but not with rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin antiserum. The splenic
      RFC also increased after cortisone acetate administration into mice. These
      results suggest that the RFC are a T cell sub-population having x-ray resistant
      and cortisone-insensitive characteristics. The x-irradiation of mice in vivo
      selectively increased the number of splenic RFC in consequence of reduction in
      the number of cells having non-T cell characteristics. These RFC are presumably
      antigen-specific sheep red blood cell rosettes, a quite different situation as in
      the case of human T lymphocyte rosette formation.

PMID- 1086247
TI  - Analysis of the role of different cell types in the genetic regulation of
      antibody production to the thymus-independent synthetic polypeptide poly (DTyr,
      DGlu)-poly (DPro)--poly (DLys).
AB  - The immune response potential of mice to the thymus-independent synthetic
      polypeptide poly (DTyr, DGlu)-poly(DPro)--poly(DLys)[D(T,G)-Pro--L] is
      genetically regulated. The defect in the ability of low responder mice to mount
      an immune response to this antigen appears to be expressed in their B cell
      population since the presence of thymocytes, or addition of "educated T cells" or
      supernatant of T cells after stimulation with the antigen neither enhanced, nor
      suppressed the level of antibodies produced in both low and high responder mice.
      Low responsiveness could not be enhanced either by stimulation of macrophages or
      by injection of poly(A) - poly(U) in contrast to the significant effect of these
      agents on low responses to the thymus-dependent poly(LTyr, LGlu)-poly(LPro)-
      poly(LLys) [L(T,G)-Pro--L]. These results suggest that macrophages do not
      participate in the limiting step, or are not involved at all, in antibody
      production towards the thymus-independent polypeptide. The antibodies produced in
      response to D(T,G)-Pro--L were found to be mainly of the 7 S class. T cells are
      not required for the production of mercaptoethanol resistant antibodies to this
      immunogen since they were found in intact mice as well as in T cell depleted
      animals.

PMID- 1086248
TI  - Role of epitope density in the induction of immunity and tolerance with thymus
      independent antigens. II. Studies with 2,4-dinitrophenyl conjugates in vivo.
AB  - The immunogenicity and tolerogenicity of 2,4-dinitrophenyl (DNP) conjugates of
      levan, type 3 pneumococcal polysaccharide (SIII), dextran B512 and dextran B 1299
      with different levels of substitution were assessed in vivo. It was confirmed
      that, as in vitro, conjugates with low epitope density are solely immunogenic for
      Bmu cells, whereas higher density conjugates are both immunogenic and tolerogenic
      according to dosage. The maximal anti-DNP plaque-forming cell responses
      attainable varied by 2 log10 according to the carrier, being greatest with
      dextrans and least with SIII. The effect of the carrier on immunogenicity was not
      attributable to B cells responding to it, as concurrent tolerization by either
      free polysaccharide or the conjugate itself was without effect. Optimal
      immunization was succeeded by varying degrees of responsiveness ("exhaustion")
      which was greatest with the more immunogenic conjugates. In contrast, reduction
      of tolerizing dose by cyclophosphamide suppression was only a feature of more
      highly substituted conjugates.

PMID- 1086249
TI  - The effect of the thymus-independent antigens, collagen and synthetic collagen
      like polypeptide, on the requirement of cell cooperation in the immune response
      to thymus-dependent antigens.
AB  - The effect of thymus-independent antigens on the need for cell cooperation in the
      immune response to thymus-dependent antigens was investigated. Irradiated
      recipient mice transplanted with either bone marrow cells or a mixture of bone
      marrow and thymus cells, were immunized with the thymus-independent antigen (Pro
      Gly-Pro)n covalently conjugated to the thymus-dependent ovalbumin, or with a
      mixture of (Pro-Gly-Pro)n and ovalbumin. In both cases an effective response
      towards ovalbumin was observed in the absence of thymus cells as was found for
      the thymus-independent (Pro-Gly-Pro)n. The same effect on ovalbumin was
      demonstrated when a mixture of the thymus-independent collagen and ovalbumin was
      used for immunization. On the other hand, when irradiated reconstituted mice were
      immunized with a mixture of ovalbumin and the thymus-dependent gelatin, which is
      the denatured product of collagen, cell-to-cell cooperation was required for an
      immune response to both immunogens. The effect of (Pro-Gly-Pro)n and collagen on
      the response to the thymus-dependent ovalbumin in vivo was observed in in vitro
      experiments using sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as the immunogen as well. In the
      presence of reduced and carboxymethylated (RCM) Ascaris collagen and (Pro-Gly
      Pro)n, nude spleen cells could produce significant numbers of plaque-forming
      cells towards SRBC. Thus, (Pro-Gly-Pro)n and collagen can deliver the signal
      required to stimulate B cells to produce antibody towards thymus-dependent
      antigens in the absence of T cells. In contrast to the results with (Pro-Gly
      Pro)n and collagen, the thymus-independent synthetic polypeptide poly(DTyr, DGlu
      )-poly(DPro)--poly(DLys) did not affect the requirement for cell cooperation of
      the thymus-dependent immunogens, ovalbumin and SRCB. It thus appears that the
      ability to substitute for T cells for antibody production towards thymus
      dependent immunogens is not a general characteristic of thymus-independent
      antigens.

PMID- 1086250
TI  - Expression of a receptor for IgM by human T cells in vitro.
AB  - The capacity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to bind antigen-IgG
      antibody (EA(IgG)) and antigen-IgM antibody (EA(IgM)) complexes was investigated
      using a rosette technique with ox erythrocytes coated with rabbit IgG or IgM
      antibody. It was found that while EA(IgG)-rosette-forming cells (RFC) were
      detected on PBL freshly drawn from normal individuals, EA(IgM)-RFC were present
      only in suspensions kept in culture for 24 h in media supplemented with sera
      containing very low or no amounts of IgM. Experiments of simultaneous detection
      of EA(IgG)-RFC or EA(IgM)-RFC and other membrane markers for human T or B cells
      together with experiments on purified T or B cell populations indicated that
      EA(IgG)-RFC were formed by both T and B cells, while T cells only were capable of
      EA(IgM) rosette formation. The specificity of the receptors for IgG and IgM was
      determined by studying the inhibitory capacity of purified human IgM and IgG in
      the rosette assay. The receptor for IgG was inhibited by IgG and not by IgM,
      while the reverse was true for the receptor for IgM.

PMID- 1086251
TI  - Some electrical properties of the surfaces of murine B- and T-lymphocytes and
      thymocytes. II. Effects of neuraminidase and ribonuclease.

PMID- 1086252
TI  - Stimulation of a subpopulation of hamster lymphoid cells by trypsin and
      chymotrypsin.

PMID- 1086253
TI  - Transport of taurine, L-methionine and 3-o-methyl-D-glucose across frog retinal
      pigment epithelium.

PMID- 1086254
TI  - Passage of sugars and urea across the isolated retina pigment epithelium of the
      frog.

PMID- 1086255
TI  - Some observations on the c-wave of the electroretinogram in the intact frog eye.

PMID- 1086256
TI  - On the asymmetry of frog retinal rod outer segment disk membranes.

PMID- 1086257
TI  - [Effect of combined use of antilymphocyte serum 7S antibodies and cyclophosphane
      on the growth of transplanted tumors in rats].

PMID- 1086258
TI  - [Production and immunologic analysis of heterogenous sera against human
      thymocytes and brain tissue].

PMID- 1086259
TI  - [Reflections on 800 sterilizations by celioscopy].

PMID- 1086260
TI  - [Electrostimulation in the Cervix uteri in the mare-- Contribution to the
      treatment of functional disturbances of the ovaries (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086261
TI  - Morphogenetic determination of the dermoepidermal interface during tail
      regeneration in Rana catesbeiana.

PMID- 1086262
TI  - Hyaluronidase activity during thyroxine-induced tadpole metamorphosis.

PMID- 1086263
TI  - Studies on the subpopulation and function of peripheral lymphocytes, and
      inhibitor to PHA stimulation existing in the serum of patients with liver
      disease.
AB  - In our recent report we observed the abnormal response to PHA stimulation in the
      peripheral lymphocytes of patients with chronic liver diseases. The present
      report concerns extensive studies of this earlier report; analysis of the
      subpopulation and function of peripheral lymphocytes in patients with liver
      diseases. PHA responsiveness in acute hepatitis was reduced in the acute phase
      and improved during the convalescent stage. In chronic liver disease, half of the
      patients showed a decrease in T-cell population as well as a reduced response to
      PHA stimulation. These phenomena were observed more frequently in HBs-antigen
      positive patients than in HBs-antigen negative cases. Furthermore, we found the
      existence of an inhibitor to PHA response in the serum of 8 cases among 19
      patients with various liver diseases. In patients with such a serum inhibitor,
      the reactivity of the lymphocyte itself to PHA was considerably higher but the T
      cell population was much more decreased than that of inhibitor negative cases.

PMID- 1086264
TI  - Case report: a bleeding Meckel's diverticulum diagnosed by selective
      arteriography.
AB  - The diagnosis of a bleeding Meckel's diverticulum was made by angiography in a 71
      year old man who presented with melena and hemorrhagic shock. Emergent
      angiographic examination revealed an extravasation of contrast media from the
      ileal artery, which suggested a bleeding from the Meckel's diverticulum. The case
      illustrates the utility of selective angiography in case of gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage, where the lesion is beyond the range endoscopy.

PMID- 1086265
TI  - Comparative, immunological studies on lymphangiectasia of the small intestine
      revealed in protein losing gastroenteropathy and Behcet's disease.
AB  - Lymphangiectasia of the small intestine was demonstrated in 9 to 18 cases with
      protein losing gastroenteropathy and in 10 of 26 cases with Behchet's disease.
      Protein losing gastroenteropathy was compared to Behcet's disease in view of
      immunological aspects. Immunoglobulin containing cells in the jejunal mucosa of
      protein losing gastroenteropathy were decreased, whereas Behcet's disease had
      normal or increased distribution. This suggested that suggested that
      immunoglobulin may be lost into the intestinal lumen or that production of those
      cells may be inhibited in protein losing gastroenteropathy. Decreased DNCB skin
      reaction and impaired blastoid transformation of peripheral lymphocytes in both
      of two diseases suggested that there should be immunological defect in those
      diseases. However, in Behcet's disease, investigation of the thymus disclosed
      hyperplasia and the presence of lymphoid follicle which does not appear in normal
      state. In conclusion, protein losing gastroenteropathy is in immunological
      deficiency state due to the congenital or acquired disorders of lymphatics which
      implies abnormal protein loss, decreased immunoglobulin containing cells in the
      jejunal mucosa and decreased sensitivity. On the contrary, in Behcet's disease
      hyperimmune state is present based on thymic hyperplasia.

PMID- 1086266
TI  - How to detect and treat arrhythmias in chronic lung disease.
AB  - Investigators suspect that arrhythmias are behind the high incidence of sudden
      death in patients with severe chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Continuous
      electrocardiographic monitoring may help boost survival statistics, since it has
      repeatedly shown its ability to detect irregularities that standard ECGs miss. So
      called benign arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation, frequent ventricular
      premature contractions, and atrial flutter, are anything but harmless. In
      patients whose heart and lung function is already impaired by severe airway
      obstruction, these rhythm disorders can rapidly progress to a fatal cardiac
      arrest. Deciding how to treat the arrhythmia depends on the type of disturbance
      and the patient's clinical status. Direct-current shock or antiarrhythmic drugs
      can turn the tide in a desperately ill patient with acute respiratory failure.
      Correction of coexisting metabolic and ventilatory disorders often is crucial to
      successful therapy.

PMID- 1086267
TI  - [Endarterectomy in surgical treatment of ischemic heart diseases].

PMID- 1086268
TI  - Ischaemic colitis in the experimental animal. I. Comparison of the effects of
      acute and subacute vascular occlusion.
AB  - Acute ligation of the common colic and caudal mesenteric artery in the dog led to
      ischaemic colitis, whereas the acute ligation of the common colic artery and
      gradual occlusion of the caudal mesenteric artery by an ameroid plastic device
      did not lead to ischaemic disease. These findings suggest that the collateral
      blood vessels do not open up rapidly enough to prevent ischaemic change when the
      two major arteries are acutely ligated.

PMID- 1086269
TI  - Peroral small-intestinal biopsy: experience with the hydraulic multiple biopsy
      instrument in routine clinical practice.
AB  - Experience of the peroral, hydraulic, multiple, small-bowel biopsy instrument is
      recorded and compared with reported experience of other peroral biopsy
      instruments. It is concluded that, in routine clinical practice, there is no
      particular danger associated with this instrument despite warnings to the
      contrary. Furthermore, biopsies are obtained at least as quickly as with other
      instruments and with great reliability. Since this instrument also enables
      multiple, precisely located biopsies to be taken from various levels of the small
      intestine, it could be considered the instrument of choice for peroral jejunal
      biopsy.

PMID- 1086270
TI  - A case of leprosy from a medieval burial ground.

PMID- 1086271
TI  - The azygos vein system in some primates.

PMID- 1086272
TI  - The veins of the kidneys.

PMID- 1086273
TI  - Studies on the arteries supplying the descending and sigmoid colon in man.

PMID- 1086274
TI  - Anastomoses between the colic branch of the ileocolic artery and the right colic
      artery.

PMID- 1086275
TI  - Correlation between some characteristics of the internal structure of the
      genitofemoral nerve, age, body height and weight.

PMID- 1086276
TI  - Ultrastructural studies on the mouse thymus after antigenic stimulation.

PMID- 1086277
TI  - Comparative studies on the distribution and intensity of cytoenzymatic reactions
      in neutrophilic white blood cells (heterophils) in some laboratory animals.

PMID- 1086278
TI  - The effect of acute experimental shock on the sympathetic neurocytes of the
      adrenal medulla in white rats.

PMID- 1086279
TI  - Aberrations of meiotic chromosomes induced in mice with insecticides.

PMID- 1086280
TI  - New agents for preservation of cadavers.

PMID- 1086281
TI  - Endocardial lesions following coronary artery by-pass surgery.
AB  - A series of post-operative deaths is presented in which coronary artery by-pass
      surgery had been performed at various ante-mortem intervals by the same surgical
      term in a single institution. When compared to an appropriate control population,
      these cases displayed a sequence of endocardial inflammation and progressive
      fibro-elastosis which suggested that injury had occurred during surgery. An
      assessment of the effects of this lesion and of possible etiologic factors is
      presented.

PMID- 1086282
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of secretin in plasma.
AB  - A sensitive, specific and reproducible radioimmunoassay for secretin is
      described. Antibodies were readily produced against low microgram quantities of
      synthetic secretin. The secretin antibodies did not cross-react with the
      structurally similar G.I.P., V.I.P., or glucagon. Synthetic secretin was
      iodinated using Chloramine "T" and purified by a two-state procedure
      incorporating gel filtration and radient elution from a cation exchange column.
      Plasma samples were found to produce variable interference in the assay
      necessitating the incorporation of secretin-free "blands" for each patient's
      plasma. Production of secretin-free plasma was by incubation of plasma samples at
      37 degrees C for 96 hours. The sensitivity of the assay was 12.5-25 pg/ml. Normal
      fasting secretin levels were 21 +/- S.E. 7 pg/ml. A mean rise in plasma secretin
      to 220 pg/ml was observed after intraduodenal acidification.

PMID- 1086283
TI  - Genetic variants of serum alpha1-antitrypsin (Pi types) in Portuguese.
AB  - The results of Pi typing on 330 Portuguese from the area of Lisbon are reported.
      We found six phenotypes and four alleles out of the 24 described in the
      literature. The allele PiM is the most frequent as in other populations, PiS
      shows a high frequency (0.1152), and PiF is absent, which agrees satisfactorily
      with former studies carried out in Spain. These results are compared with others
      and the entity of the Iberian population is evoked.

PMID- 1086284
TI  - Clonal dominance and the preservation of clonal memory cells mediated by antigen
      antibody.
AB  - Selected B-cell clones and their well characterized monoclonal antibody products
      were used to analyse the role of antibody in clonal dominance and the regulation
      of memory cell supplies. The experimental design was to permit contact between
      spleen cells and antigen in vitro, and to administer antibody to DNP prior to or
      following cell transfers into irradiated recipients. The anti-hapten response was
      strongly suppressed by the clone's own antibody or higher affinity antibody
      administered on day 0. Antigen-antibody inhibited memory cell generation. The
      suppressive effect was temporary, and reversible with time and further antigen
      and the same clone could be induced to produce antibody again, analysed by
      isoelectric focusing. We were therefore not dealing with clonal deletion. Change
      in the source of clonal anti-hapten excluded possible effects of antibody to
      carrier protein or idiotypic determinants in this system. The timing of antibody
      administration indicates that clones already triggered in the first 4 days after
      antigen contact could not be suppressed by antibody. Passive antibody to DNP only
      suppressed when both B and T cells had been permitted contact with hapten-carrier
      protein. Alteration of the carrier protein enabled us to study the effect of
      antigen-antibody on B and T cells separately. B cells binding antigen and
      antibody to hapten were triggered more efficiently by fresh T cells recognizing
      the carrier protein than after antigen uptake alone. Antibody to DNP suppressed
      only when both B and T cells had taken up hapten-protein, suggesting that antigen
      antibody acts centrally at the level of both B memory cells and T helper cells.
      This reversible antigen-antibody blockade appears to favour the preservation of a
      pool of long-lived memory cells rather than the priming of new clones developing
      from short lived precursor cells; clonal dominance ensues.

PMID- 1086285
TI  - Lymphocyte responses to phytohaemagglutinin: age-related effects.
AB  - Cell-mediated immunity is depressed in elderly individuals compared to young
      individuals, and lymphocytes from elderly individuals have been reported to have
      impaired lymphocyte responsiveness to stimulation by PHA after 4 days of culture.
      We have confirmed this observation. However, after 8 days of culture, the
      lymphocyte responses were greater in elderly normal individuals than in young
      normal individuals. Responses of lymphocytes from young individuals decreased
      with time from 4 to 8 days in culture, while there were increased responses with
      time when lymphocytes from elderly individuals were studied. When adherent cells
      from lymphocytes of young individuals were removed by  passage through protein
      coated Degalan-bead columns, the lymphocyte responses to PHA were significantly
      increased at 8 days. Passage of lymphocytes from elderly individuals through
      coated Degalan bead columns did not alter the lymphocyte responses. Removal of
      macrophages from the mononuclear cells obtained from young individuals did not
      result in increased lymphocyte responses to PHA after 8 days in culture. Removal
      of adherent cells appeared to have the same effect regardless of the efficiency
      of removing B cells. The adherent cells removed by the protein coated columns,
      therefore, appear to be nonphagocytic mononuclear cells which are not B
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1086286
TI  - The enhancement of the haemolytic activity of the first component of complement
      by trasylol.
AB  - Trasylol, a basic polypeptide extracted from bovine lung considerably enhances
      the complement activity of whole serum. The complement component influenced by
      Trasylol is C1, either in its activated form (C1) or in its precursor form (C1).
      An effect on the binding of C1 to the immunoglobulin molecule has been excluded
      and on becoming part of a cellular intermediate C1 has been shown to be
      insensitive to Trasylol. It seems that Trasylol modulates C1 in such a way as to
      render it more efficient haemolytically. An attempt has been made to explain
      these results by consideration of the relationship existing between complement
      and other biological systems, such as the fibrinolytic and kallikrein-kinin
      systems.

PMID- 1086287
TI  - Autoreactivity developing spontaneously in cultured mouse spleen cells. III.
      Inhibition of anti-embryo cytotoxicity in male T lymphocytes by female non-T
      cells.
AB  - Cultured female spleen cells develop less cytotoxicity to embryo-associated
      antigens than do cultured male spleen cells. This difference is less pronounced
      if the cells are treated before culture with a specific hetero-anti-B cell
      antiserum. Female non-T cells (especially from primiparous animals) can decrease
      the spontaneously developing T-cell cytotoxicity in male splenic T lymphocytes
      upon culture. By artificially manipulating the T cell: non-T cell ratio in the
      spleen population prior to culture, it seems one can alter the type of cytotoxic
      mechanism (to embryo-associated antigens) which develops in the cultures.

PMID- 1086288
TI  - T-lymphocyte number and function and the course of hepatitis B in hemodialysis
      patients.
AB  - To study the relation between general cellular immunity and the course of
      hepatitis B within a group of chronic hemodialysis patients, T-lymphocyte number
      and function were investigated in 13 persistently hepatitis B surface antigen
      (HBSAg)-positive patients, in 32 HBSAg-negative patients, and in 11 patients who
      had recovered from hepatitis B and compared with that of 21 age-matched controls.
      Phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte stimulation in vitro and the number of
      circulating T-cells in the HBSAg-positive group were significantly decreased as
      compared with those of the recovered group and the controls. Lymphocyte
      stimulation by pokeweed mitogen and by an antigen cocktail showed the same
      tendency, but no significant differences between the HBSAg-positive and the
      recovered groups. Uremic sera from the three patient groups had similar
      depressive effects on phytohemagglutinin induced lymphocyte stimulation of
      controls. Serum immunoglobulin G, (IgG), IgA, and IgM were normal in the three
      patient groups. It is concluded that chronic hemodialysis patients, who have
      become persistent HBSAg-carriers, have a significantly decreased T-lymphocyte
      number and function as compared with hemodialysis patients who are able to
      eliminat hepatitis B virus (HBV). The difference could not be ascribed to the HBV
      infection itself. This indicates that T-cells play an important role in the
      elimination of HBV in hemodialysis patients.

PMID- 1086289
TI  - Adoptive transfer of variant-specific resistance to Trypanosoma rhodesiense with
      B lymphocytes and serum.
AB  - Mice survive an otherwise lethal infection with Trypanosoma rhodesiense if
      previously inoculated with irradiated organisms. This resistance demonstrates
      immunological specificity, since even animals inoculated with irradiated
      trypanosomes were killed when challenged with trypanosomes of a nonhomologous or
      variant antigenic type. This resistance could be transferred to syngeneic
      recipients with serum or B lymphocytes. T lymphocytes had no capacity to transfer
      resistance. Although mice were protected from active infection on challenge at
      least 25 days after inoculation of irradiated organisms, this resistance could be
      transferred with spleen cells for only 10 days after immunization. Resistance
      could be transferred with serum for a minimum of 25 days after immunization.
      These studies implicate an antibody-mediated mechanism as having a major role in
      resistance to T. rhodesiense infections.

PMID- 1086290
TI  - Gamma radiolysis of thymine in oxygen-free aqueous solution in the presence of
      electron affinic radiosensitizers: identification of stable products.
AB  - Radiosensitizers react with nucleic radicals by addition and by electron transfer
      reactions. We report the steady-state gamma radiolysis of 1 mM thymine in oxygen
      free aqueous solutions containing different classes of radiosensitizing drugs: N
      oxyl-free radicals (TAN and TMPN), quinones (menadione and naphtoquinone),
      nitroheterocyclic compounds (metronidazole and 5-nitro-2-furoic acid) and N
      ethylmaleimide. Two classes of thymine degradation products were isolated by thin
      layer chromatography and characterized by spectroscopic measurements. The main
      products, irrespective of radiosensitizers, resulting from oxidation reaction
      were identified as the cis and trans isomers of 5,6-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymine,
      N-pyruvyl-N'-formylurea, 6-hydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymine and 5-hydroxy-5,6
      dihydrothymine. In the experimental conditions used only N-oxyls and to a lesser
      extent NEM reacted with 5-hydroxy-5,6-dihydrothymin-6-yl radical, giving stable
      covalently-bonded addition products with a high yield. TAN showed a higher
      binding ability with respect to TMPN, which is in good agreement with the rate
      constants previously reported for these bimolecular reactions.

PMID- 1086291
TI  - On the radiation chemistry of some pyrimidine-electron adducts: reaction of
      pyrimidine negative ions with t-butanol radicals.
AB  - The rates of decay of the electron adducts of thymine, thymidylic acid and of
      uracil at pH approximately 8-5 and at wave-lengths of 340 or 350 nm in the
      presence of t-butanol as scavenger for OH radicals are not influenced
      significantly by the addition of 0-1 M NaClO4. It follows that the decay
      reactions do not take place between negatively-charged species. The best
      explanation seems to be an efficient reaction of the electron adducts with the t
      butanol radicals formed by reaction of OH radicals with the t-butanol.

PMID- 1086292
TI  - DNA replication and post-replication repair in U.V.-sensitive mouse neuroblastoma
      cells.
AB  - Mouse neuroblastoma cells differentiate when grown in the absence of serum;
      differentiation is reversed on the addition of serum. Differentiated cells are
      more sensitive to U.V.-radiation than proliferating cells. Whereas addition of
      serum to differentiated neuroblastoma cells normally results in immediate,
      synchronous entry into S phase, irradiation just before the addition of serum
      results in a long delay in the onset of DNA replication. During this lag period,
      incorporated 3H-thymidine appears in the light density region of CsCl gradientss,
      reflecting either repair synthesis or abortive replication. Post-replication
      repair (gap-filling) was found to be present in proliferating cells and at
      certain times in differentiated cells. It is suggested that the sensitivity of
      differentiated neuroblastoma cells to U.V.-radiation may be due to ineffective
      post-replication repair or to deficiencies in more than one repair mechanism,
      with reduction in repair capacity beyond a critical threshold.

PMID- 1086293
TI  - In vitro morphologic transformation of Syrian hamster cells by U.V.-irradiation
      is enhanced by X-irridation and unaffected by chemical carcinogens.
AB  - U.V.-exposure of foetal hamster cells (secondary or tertiary sub-cultures) seeded
      for colony formation resulted in the induction of transformation. The U.V.-effect
      on colony-forming ability resulted in a D37 of 58 ergs/mm2. The observed
      transformation frequency induced by U.V.-increases approximately in proportion to
      increased doses in the range of 7-5-60-8 ergs/mm2 examined. When cells seeded for
      colony formation were treated with U.V. and later with either benzo(a)pyrene or N
      acetoxy-fluorenyl-acetamide, commencing 6 min after exposure to U.V., there was
      neither an additive nor a synergistic enhancement of the transformation frequency
      ordinarily observed with either chemical agent alone. In mass cultures that were
      X-irradiated with 250 R, seeded for colony formation and treated with either 15
      or 30 ergs/mm2 of U.V. 48 hours later, the enhancement of transformation was
      approximately 12- and 6-fold on a colony basis and 6- and 3-fold on a dish basis,
      respectively. No transformation occurred after X-irradiation only. The
      enhancement obtained by the pre-treatment with X-ray is imilar to that reported
      for the combination of X-ray and chemical carcinogens.

PMID- 1086294
TI  - DNA strand breaking and rejoining in response to ultraviolet light in normal
      human and xeroderma pigmentosum cells.
AB  - We describe a reproducible technique for measuring DNA strand breaking and
      rejoining in cells after treatment with U.V.-light. Results obtained with normal
      human cells, xeroderma pigmentosum cells (XP, complementation group A) and XP
      variant cells suggest that all three of these cell-types can carry out single
      strand incision with equal rapidity. However, the breaks so induced appeared to
      be only slowly rejoined in the XP variant cells and rejoined not at all in XP
      complementation group A cells. Furthermore, parental strand rejoining was
      inhibited by caffeine in XP variant cells but not in normal cells.

PMID- 1086295
TI  - Photobiological activity of furazolidone.

PMID- 1086296
TI  - Comparative protection of haemopoietic colony-forming cells and lethally X
      irradiated mice by mixtures of radioprotectors.

PMID- 1086297
TI  - Deficit in DNA content relative to histones in X-irradiated HeLa cells.
AB  - The DNA and histone content of HeLa S-3 cell cultures was measured by direct mass
      assays 21 hours after 1000 rad of X-irradiation, when the cells were arrested in
      G2 phase. The nuclear DNA content of such cultures was found to be deficient (73%
      of control values). In contrast, the synthesis of nuclear histones persisted, and
      the total histone content was close to 100% of control values. When synchronously
      growing cultures were irradiated in mid-S phase and examined 3-5 hours later in
      G2 phase, both DNA and histone content were equal to control values.

PMID- 1086298
TI  - Modification of radiation-induced oxic and anoxic damage by caffeine and
      potassium permanganate in barley seeds.
AB  - We show that both the immediate and post-irradiation oxygen effects in barley
      seeds decrease in magnitude in the presence of potassium permanganate and
      caffeine. This implies that these two types of oxygen effect have features in
      common. With the removal of the radiation-induced oxygen-sensitive sites, by
      anoxic hydration, caffeine potentiates the oxygen-independent component of
      damage, in seeds irradiated in a dry or pre-soaked state. Potassium permangenate,
      on the other hand, enhances the anoxic radiation damage only in seeds irradiated
      in a dry state. The possible mode of action of KMnO4 and caffeine in barley seeds
      is discussed.

PMID- 1086299
TI  - Radiation effect on the proliferating capillaries in rat transparent chambers.
AB  - The revascularization of the devascularized area in rat transparent chambers by
      the proliferating blood vessels was studied quantitatively on the changes of
      vascularity. On the vascularizing border, a hypervascular zone about 0-5 mm wide
      was formed. The border advanced constantly at 0-020 cm a day. Vascular density
      was fixed in the repaired area. The vascular length and repaired area increased
      on parabolic curves. The chambers were irradiated with single doses of 50, 100,
      200, 400, 1000, 2000, and 4000 rad of 30Co gamma-rays, and the effects on the
      advance of the border were examined. With 200 rad and more, significant
      inhibition, greater with bigger doses, was seen in the advance of the borders.
      Regression of the borders also occurred. Irradiation with over 1000 rad destroyed
      the hypervascular zones.

PMID- 1086300
TI  - N'-formylkynurenine-photosensitized inactivation of bacteriophage.

PMID- 1086301
TI  - Defective immunocompetence in foetal undernutrition.
AB  - The rate of Ig-bearing lymphocytes (B-cells) and of rosette-forming cells (T
      cells) in peripheral blood as well as the lymphocyte response to
      phytohaemagglutinine (PHA) stimulation were evaluated in 19 small-for-date
      infants in order to assess both humoral and cellular immunity. A significant
      decrease of Ig-positive cells and of E-rosettes was found, compared with new
      borns of appropriate birth weight, However, the response to PHA stimulation
      appeared to be impaired in only 3 of the observed cases.

PMID- 1086302
TI  - Control of pyrimidine biosynthesis in human lymphocytes. Studies on lymphocytes
      from chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients.

PMID- 1086303
TI  - Effect of adenosine 5'-triphosphate-dependent deoxyribonuclease deficiency on
      properties and transformation of Haemophilus influenzae strains.
AB  - A transformation-deficient strain of Haemophilus influenzae, lacking adenosine 5'
      triphosphate-dependent deoxyribonuclease activity, was isolated by selection for
      sensitivity to mitomycin. The mutant, designated JK57, possibily showed a
      moderate sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and treatment with methyl
      methane sulfonate. Contrary to the wild type, the mutant degraded chromosomal
      deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to some extent. However, after UV irradiation to the
      mutant degraded considerably less DNA than the wild type and the TD24 mutant of
      H. influenzae, the latter being equivalent to a recA mutant of Escherichia coli.
      A TD2457 double mutant, constructed by transferring the TD24 mutation into the
      JK57 strain, was as sensitive to deleterious agents and as deficient in
      transformation as the TD24 single mutant; in the double mutant, however, after UV
      irradiation chromosomal DNA was degraded to the same extent as in the JK57
      mutant. The number of transformants per unit of radioactive donor DNA taken up by
      JK57 recipient cells was approximately 10-fold smaller than in the wild type.
      Presynaptically, the fate of donor DNA in the adenosine 5'-triphosphate-dependent
      deoxyribonuclease-deficient mutants was not different from that in the wild type.
      In contrast to TD24 and the TD2457 double mutant, in the JK57 mutant, recombinant
      type activities (molecules carrying both the donor and recipient markers) were
      formed almost as well as in the wild type. After integration into the JK57
      recipient genome, the rate of replication of the donor marker was equal to that
      of the recipient marker during a number of generations, which suggests that the
      donor DNA is normally integrated into the JK57 chromosome. It is suggested that
      transformed JK57 cells pass with a high frequency into a type of cells that can
      replicate their chromosomes many times but have lost the ability to form visible
      colonies after plating.

PMID- 1086304
TI  - Incorporation of tritium into cell materials of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides from
      tritiated water in the medium under aerobic conditions.
AB  - When Rhodopseudomonas spheroides cells grown aerobically in the dark were
      incubated in medium containing tritiated water (THO), incorporation of T into the
      bacterial cell materials occurred under growth and no-growth conditions. The
      overall T incorporation under no-growth conditions was stimulated by vigorous
      aeration and was suppressed strongly in the presence of either 10(-3) M KCN or
      0.3% HgCl2, indicating that the bulk of the incorporation might depend upon
      bacterial cell metabolism or respiration. 10 mug/ml chloramphenicol and 20 mug/ml
      rifamipicin slightly suppressed the T incorporation. The extent of T
      incorporation was proportional to the concentration of T in the medium.
      Accordingly, regardless of differences in the concentration of T in the medium,
      the maximum ratio of T content per hydrogen atom in the cell materials to that of
      THO in the medium was approximately 0.2 in non-growing cells and 0.5 in growing
      cells, whereas the value was 0.02-0.03 in cells incubated in medium containing
      KCN or HgCl2. The non-growing cells aerated in THO medium were lyophilized and
      fractionated by the modified method of Schneider. More than 40% of the total T
      incorporated into the cell materials was recovered in the cold PCA-soluble
      fraction, whereas the distribution of T into fractions solbule in ether-ethanol,
      hot PCA and alkali was 10 to 20% each. More than 75% of the T extracted in the
      cold PCA-soluble fraction was volatile. While the amounts of RNA and protein in
      the non-growing cells decreased on adding chloramphenicol or rifampicin, the
      distribution of T in these fractions did not change much. Our results on T
      incorporation into non-growing cells indicate that the major T incorporation into
      bacterial cell materials is independent of biosynthetic reactions using labeled
      precursors produced by the assimilation of T into metabolites, but presumably
      depends on energy-linked conformational changes of macromolecules.

PMID- 1086305
TI  - A system for the accurate correlation of computerized axial tomography with other
      studies.

PMID- 1086306
TI  - [Ruptured aneurysms of the sub-renal abdominal aorta].
AB  - The rupture of an aneurysm of the sub-renal aorta may give rise to several
      clinical presentations which it is essential to recognise in order to carry out
      emergency operation, e.g. attack of pain, retroperitoneal hematoma,
      hemoperitoneum, rupture into a hollow viscus, infective aneurysm. The special
      characteristics of the treatment concern resuscitation, site and type of aortic
      clamping, aorto-caval or aorto-digestive rupture or an infective aneurysm raising
      special problems. It is the vascular collapse which makes the rupture serious, an
      aneurysm operated as an emergency without collapse, has a mortality which differs
      little from a non-ruptured aneurysm, e.g. 3 deaths out of 55 operated cases. On
      the other hand, out of 44 aneurysms operated in acute collapse, there were 31
      deaths. The complications observed are linked to the latter, e.g. cerebro
      vascular accidents, acute coronary ischemia, acute ishemia of the limbs, which
      may also be due to embolism during operation, renal complications due to renal
      shock. The prevention of these complications has permitted us to reduce mortality
      by 40 p. 100 the last 5 years.

PMID- 1086307
TI  - Meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type e.
AB  - Haemophilus influenzae type e was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid and blood
      of an 8-month-old child with meningitis.

PMID- 1086308
TI  - Factors influencning mitotic yields from suspension cultures of normal and acute
      leukaemic bone marrows.
AB  - Cytogenetic studies of bone marrow are often hampered by a paucity of dividing
      cells. In an attempt to improve mitotic yields we have tried to promote mitotic
      activity in suspension cultures of bone marrow from both normal and leukaemic
      subjects.  Enrichment of the media always increases yield and the addition of
      bone marrow stimulating factor (BMSF) may do so. The best prospect for improving
      the yield of mitoses in acute myeloid leukaemia is to culture the marrow in an
      enriched medium with BMSF.

PMID- 1086309
TI  - Letter: No mouse model for H. influenzae infection.

PMID- 1086310
TI  - Rosette inhibition test in chronic liver disease.
AB  - A role has recently been assigned to cell-mediated immunity in chronic liver
      diseases in addition to the well-known alterations of humoral immunity. We now
      report the results of the rosette inhibition test for the evaluation of T
      lymphocyte "sensitization" in patients with different chronic liver disorders. A
      cell-mediated immune reaction was found in 81% of patients with chronic active
      hepatitis and in 71% with primary biliary cirrhosis, whereas patients with
      chronic persistent hepatitis showed no reaction. The correlation with the
      incidence of hepatitis B antigen showed that T-lymphocyte sensitization was more
      frequent in the group of HB-positive patients. Finally, improvement of the test
      was observed in four out of nine patients given immunosuppressive treatment.

PMID- 1086311
TI  - Gastrointestinal microbleeding in normal subjects receiving acetylsalicylic acid,
      placebo, and R-803, a new antiinflammatory agent, in a design balanced for
      residual effects.
AB  - This study was undertaken to compare the relative gastrointestinal toxicity of
      equipotent doses of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 900 MG q.i.d., and a new anti
      inflammatory agent, R-803, 300 mg q.i.d., against placebo. Gastrointestinal micro
      bleeding was quantitated with the 61Cr-labeled erythrocyte assay. The
      experimental design was balanced for residual effects in the first week following
      any treatment. An interesting relationship between stool weight and blood loss
      was found to influence the microbleeding independently of the treatments
      themselves. All observed blood loss values were corrected by regression to a
      reference stool weight of 100 Gm. Final analysis of corrected values was done on
      arithmetic and logarithmic scales. On both scales, R-803 induced much less blood
      loss than ASA. A difference of 1.3 ml/day between R-803 and placebo was not
      statistically significant on the arithmetic scale. On the log scale, a
      statistically significant difference was found; but since it corresponds to 0.4
      ml/day, it was not considered to be clinically significant at this dosage.

PMID- 1086312
TI  - Axonal guidance of developing optic nerves in the frog. I. Anatomy of the
      projection from transplanted eye primordia.
AB  - Right or left eye primordia of Shumway stage 16-18 Rana pipiens embryos were
      transplanted to the position normally occupied by the ear, where they developed
      into externally normal eyes. Ganglion cell density in the retina of the
      transplanted eye was significantly lower than the ganglion cell density in the
      animal's normal eyes. No significant difference was observed between normal and
      transplanted inner and outer nuclear layers. In several preparations a large
      piece of embryonic forebrain was included in the initial eye graft. Optic nerves
      from the transplanted eyes penetrated this transplanted forebrain and established
      a dorsocaudal growth trajectory relative to the ectopic tissue's original
      anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axes. After traversing the forebrain, the
      transplanted optic nerve fibers penetrated the medulla where they invaraibly grew
      dorsocaudally to take up and maintain a dorsolateral position in the white matter
      of the spinal cord. The consistent dorsocaudal trajectory established by the
      translocated optic tract in the ectopic forebrain and in the hindbrain and spinal
      cord is very similar to the growth trajectory in the normal diencephalon,
      suggesting that dorsocaudal growth relative to the three major axes of the neural
      tube is an inherent property of optic nerve fibers. These results also suggest
      that the polarity cues which guide normal optic tract growth are not unique to
      the diencephalic regions of the neural tube.

PMID- 1086313
TI  - Axonal guidance of developing optic nerves in the frog. II. electrophysiological
      studies of the projection from transplanted eye primordia.
AB  - When a primordial eye was transplanted to the ear position in Rana pipiens
      embryos, the optic nerve from the ectopic eye penetrated the medulla and
      invariably established a tract in the dorsolateral white matter of the
      ipsilateral spinal cord. In response to visual stimulation of the transplanted
      eye, extracellular recordings with metal microelectrodes were conducted with the
      spinal cords of post-metamorphic animals. Visual activity in the spinal cord
      could only be recorded in those experimental animals in which the transplanted
      optic nerve succeeded in penetrating the medulla. This activity was frequently
      encountered in the gray matter of the cord well below the dorsolateral position
      of the transplanted optic tract. The discharge characteristics and adaptation
      properties of the visual activity were often similar to that of optic nerve
      fibers from normal eyes suggesting that axons or their collaterals branch off
      from the transplanted optic tract and arborize within the spinal cord. However,
      occassionally stimulation of the transplanted eye evoked activity with adaptation
      and/or response characteristics unlike that of normal optic nerve fibers. Visual
      activity in the spincal cords of our experimental animals could be driven by
      moving small dark objects within circumscribed regions in the visual field of the
      transplanted eye. However we were unable to find any evidene of a systematic
      mapping of the transplanted retina within these abnormally penetrated spinal
      cords.

PMID- 1086314
TI  - Deficient passive and one-way active avoidance acquisition following medial
      forebrain bundle lesions in rats.
AB  - Cathodal electrolytic lesions of the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) at posterior
      hypothalamic levels in male hooded rats produced a mild, transient hypodipsia and
      lowered jump thresholds to footshock. The lesions produced marked deficits in
      passive avoidance performance in a paradigm that paired discrete, linearly
      incrementing footshock intensities with contact of a water spout following 48 hr
      of water deprivation. Intraperitoneal injections of DL-5-hydroxytryptophan (75
      mg/kg), the immediate metabolic precursor of serotonin, had no effect on the
      passive avoidance performance of either experimental or operated control
      subjects. Lesions of the MFB also resulted in deficient acquisition in a one
      trial step-through passive avoidance paradigm not using motivation to drink and
      caused a severe acquisition deficit in a one-way active avoidance task. Lesions
      of the septal nuclei produced lowered jump thresholds but did not affect
      acquisition in the first passive avoidance task. The results are interpreted as
      indicating a lesion-induced deficiency in fear learning, independent of the
      serotonergic functions of the MFB.

PMID- 1086315
TI  - Conservative management of joint degeneration associated with bleeding disorder.

PMID- 1086316
TI  - Characterization of T and B antigen-binding cells for beta-galactosidase. III.
      Independence of antigen-binding cells in normal animals from antigenic
      stimulation.
AB  - Antigen-binding cells to beta-galactosidase were enumerated in thymus and spleen
      of mice of different ages and found to remain at a constant frequency throughout
      life. Thymic beta-galactosidase-binding cells (ZBCs),6 representing T-binding
      cells, showed no appreciable fluctuation, whereas splenic ZBCs, a mixture of T-
      and B-binding cells, were slightly depressed at birth but found at normal
      frequencies by 1 week of age. In addition, germfree mice, both within the 1st
      week after birth and after maturity, had nearly as many binding cells as did
      conventionally reared age-matched mice. These results considered together suggest
      that the ability of cells of both T and B origin to  recognize antigen, as
      revealed by their ability to bind beta-galactosidase, arise independently of
      specific or nonspecific antigenic stimulation, as part of the normal ontogenic
      sequence of steps of differentiation. This is consistent with the theory of
      clonal precommitment of T and B cells.

PMID- 1086317
TI  - Genetic control of the immune response in rats to the known sequential
      polypeptide (Tyr-Glu-Ala-Gly)n. I. Antibody responses.
AB  - In inbred rats, the antibody response to the known sequential polypeptide (Tyr
      Glu-Ala-Gly)n (T-G-A-Gly)n is under the control of two independently assorting
      loci; (co) dominant, Ag-B-linked Ir-(T-G-A-Gly) I, controlling qualitative
      responsivenss, and a non-Ag-B-linked modifier locus termed Ir-(T-G-A-Gly) II,
      controlling the level of antibody produced. The antibody response to (T-G-A-Gly)n
      was solely IgG and the level of antibody produced was dependent upon Ir-(T-G-A
      Gly) II for phenotypic response type.

PMID- 1086318
TI  - Differences in the age-dependent release of a low molecular weight suppressor
      (LMWS) and stimulators by normal and nzb/w lymphoid organs.
AB  - The age-dependent release of soluble suppressors and stimulators of DNA synthesis
      by cultured thymocytes and spleen cells from C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice was compared
      with their release by NZB/W lymphoid organs. Spleen cells from the normal strains
      released high levels of suppressor early in life and gradually decresing
      quantities with age, NZB/W spleen cells exhibited an early deficiency followed by
      a later excess in the production of suppressor. These differences were
      quantitated by dose-response studies. Thymocytes from the normal strains released
      stimulatory factors throughout life. In contrast, NZB/W thymocytes stopped
      releasing stimulatory activity and began to produce suppressor after 2 1/2 to 4
      months of life. This abnormal elaboration of suppressor by thymocytes occurred 2
      months before its reappearance in the autologous spleen cell supernatant. Both
      the early and late-appearing (less than 1000). This activity was designed as low
      molecular weight suppressor (LMWS). Its aberrant production by their reported
      functional immunologic abnormalities. The following items were discussed: the
      production of LMWS by adherent spleen cells, its relationship to previously
      described regulators, its partial purification and initial chemical
      characterization, and exclusion of the naturally occurring inhibitors of
      lymphocyte activation, cortisol, corticosterone, cold thymidine, and cyclic AMP
      as the active molecule.

PMID- 1086319
TI  - A galactose-inhibitable mitogen for human lymphocytes from the sponge axinella
      polypoides.
AB  - Of two galactose-binding hemagglutinins isolated from the sponge Axinella
      polypoides, axinella I was strongly mitogenic for human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes, and axinella II was not. Purified T cells responded strongly and B
      cells weakly to axinella I. Mitogenic response, as monitored by rate of 3H
      thymidine incorporation on the third day of culture, was specifically inhibited
      by Dgalactose, Dfucose, raffinose, or 2-deoxy-D-galactose added within 5 hr of
      the mitogen. Mitogenic response was correlated with degree of lymphocyte
      agglutination. The effectiveness of a given sugar in inhibiting mitogenic
      response to axinella I paralleled its potency in inhibiting precipitation of
      lectin by blood group substances. If an inhibitory concentration of Dgalactose
      was add 24 to 40 hr after mitogenic activation, rate of 3H-thymadine uptake at 72
      hr was two to twenty times above the rate induced in cultures to which no
      galactose was added. Dgalactose at a subinhibitory concentration (10mug/ml)
      enhanced 3H-thymidine incorportion incorporation induced by phytohemagglutinin or
      Con A, an effect reversible by Dgalactose. These findings suggest that axinella I
      has tow antagonistic effects on human lymphocytes: a) mitogenic activation and b)
      depressive activity resulting from depletion of essential galactose moieties.

PMID- 1086320
TI  - Functional heterogeneity among the T-derived lymphocytes of the mouse. V.
      Response kinetics of peripheral T cell subpopulations.
AB  - The kinetics of the proliferative response and the appearance of effectors of
      helper activity after stimulation by antigen were examined in T cell
      subpopulations. As defined in previous papers of this series, one population, T1,
      is short-lived after adult thymectomy (ATx), and relatively resistant to
      elimination by anti-thymocyte serum (ATS). Another population, T2, is long-lived
      after ATx, but highly sensitive to elimination by small doses of ATS. From
      precursors within the T2 population, effectors of specific helper activity, after
      priming with antigen, appeared within 1 to 2 days and reached a maximum on day 4.
      The responding cells reached their peak proliferative response within 24 hr after
      stimulation by antigen. In contrast, helper activity arising from T1 precursors
      first appeared on day 3 and peaked on day 5. These cells did not reach their
      maximal proliferative response until 60 hr after priming. These findings indicate
      additional useful markers for distinguishing the T1 and T2 subpopulations and are
      consistent with models for T cell development in which T1 cells are virgin cells
      and T2 cells are memory cells.

PMID- 1086321
TI  - Maturation of b lymphocytes in rates. III. Two subpopulations of memory B cells
      in the thoracic duct lymph differ by size, turnover rate, and surface
      immunoglobulin.
AB  - We examined the ability of large and small thoracic duct cells obtained from
      Lewis rats primed to DNP to restore the adoptive secondary anti-DNP response in
      irradiated syngeneic hosts given an excess of T helper cells. The large cells
      were four to five times more active on a per cell basis than were the small
      cells. However, the large cells constitute only 7 to 8% of the thoracic duct
      cells and, therefore, make a minor contribution to the restorative activity of
      the unfractionated cells. Pretreatment of thoracic duct cell donors with high
      specific activity 3H-TdR for 48 hr before cannulation markedly reduced the memory
      B cell activity of the large cells, but had little effect on that of small cells.
      In addition, the activity of the large cells diminished with time after primary
      immunization, but that of the small cells remained stable. Immunofluorescent
      staining of the large and small cells for surface IgM and IgG, and subsequent
      sorting on the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FA CS), showed that surface
      IgM was present on large memory B cells, and that IgG was present on small memory
      B cells. The experimental results suggest that two subpopulations of memory B
      cells in the thoracic duct lymph differ by size, rate of turnover, persistence
      after primary immunization, and class of surface IgG.

PMID- 1086322
TI  - Quantitative analysis of the proliferative activity induced in murine thymocytes
      by concanavalin A.
AB  - A quantitative analysis of the proliferative response induced in murine
      thymocytes by concanavalin A (Con A) is described. Exogenous 3H-thymidine labels
      35 to 40% of the newly incorporated TMP residues under optimal conditions. The
      density label 5-bromo-2-deoxuridine (BrUdR) does not affect DNA metabolism in
      this system. With this nucleoside, it is shown that newly synthesized DNA is the
      result of semi-conservative replication, not repair. Double labeling of DNA
      provides a monitor for cells traversing the cell cycle (S phase to subsequent S
      phase). The average cycle time is 12.5 hr, and the shortest cell cycle time is 10
      hr. The growing fraction of active cells is about two-thirds. The data show that
      different subpopulations of thymocytes begin proliferating after various times in
      culture. Once effectively stimulated by Con A, some of the cells can traverse the
      cell cycle at least twice more after the mitogen is removed.

PMID- 1086323
TI  - Proliferation of murine thymic lymphocytes in vitro is mediated by the
      concanavalin A-induced release of a lymphokine (costimulator).
AB  - Mitogen-induced proliferation of lymphocytes may in theory result directly from
      the interaction of mitogen with the cells, or indirectly as a result of the
      mitogen-stimulated release of lymphokines. In the case of murine thymic
      lymphocytes exposed to concanavalin A (Con A) in tissue culture, we have
      determined that mitogenesis depends upon a lymphokine. Interaction of the thymic
      lymphocytes with lectin is necessary, but not sufficient, for mitogenesis. A
      lymphokine, or costimulator for mitogenesis, is released by normal spleen or
      thymus cells during the first 16 hr of their exposure to Con A, and in the
      presence of a phytomitogen it stimulates thymic mitogenesis. Under conditions of
      low costimulator levels, no mitogenesis follows the interaction of Con A with
      cells. The response of adult CBA/J mouse thymocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
      is very low, compared to their response to Con A. When costimulator is added to
      PHA, the cells respond as well as they do to Con A. Costimulator does not act
      through Con A-binding sites on thymus cells. Its production is dependent on both
      cells carrying omega surface antigen (T lymphocytes) and adherent cells of the
      macrophage-monocyte series. The adherent population, but not the T cells, may be
      heavily irradiated without affecting production of costimulator. Costimulator is
      not a mitogen on its own.

PMID- 1086324
TI  - The role of macrophages in thymocyte mitogenesis.
AB  - The thymic lymphocytes of CBA/J mice respond to the mitogen Concanavalin A (Con
      A) only in the presence of adherent cells of the monocyte-macrophage series.
      Depletion of adherent cells abrogates the response, and macrophage-rich
      population of cells restore it. The need for macrophages and mitogen is
      completely provided by irradiated splenic macrophages which have been exposed to
      Con A and washed free of the soluble mitogen. The mitogenmacrophage effect in
      this case is apparently not due to soluble factors. Even more striking than the
      effect of macrophages on fresh cultures of thymic lymphocytes is their ability to
      restimulate quiescent cells 72 hr after their first stimulation with Con A. The
      quiescent cells respond immediately and quantitatively to Con A in the presence
      of fresh macrophages. This stimulation, like that of fresh thymocytes, is also
      controlled by a lymphokine ("costimulator") produced by mixing macrophages,
      mitogen, ant T lymphocytes. Our data suggest a model in which two signals are
      required for mitogenesis. First, the interaction of macrophage, T cell, and
      mitogen elicits a soluble costimulator, which is itself not mitogenic. Secondly,
      in the presence of costimulator, the mitogen (either soluble, or, more
      efficiently, bound to macrophages) induces a proliferative response in the T
      cell.

PMID- 1086325
TI  - Reversal of cell surface abnormalities of T lymphocytes in hodgkin's disease
      after in vitro incubation in fetal sera.
AB  - The capacity of periphal blood lymphocytes from patients with untreated Hodgkin's
      disease to form E rosettes with sheep erythrocytes and to respond in vitro to PHA
      stimulation were found to be profoundly impaired. In 49% of the patients, the
      percentage of E rosette-forming cells (E-RFC) was more than two standard
      deviations below the mean for normal donors. Overnight incubation of the
      peripheral blood lymhocytes from these patients in culture media containing 20%
      fetal calf serum was followed by restoration of the percentage of E-RFC up to
      normal levels. Similar results have been observed after incubation in fetal human
      serum, but not in adult human AB serum or adult bovine serum. Incubation of
      peripheral blood lymphocytes from untreated patients in20% fetal calf serum also
      resulted in a remarkable restoration of their capacity to respond normally to
      PHA. Possible mechanisms involved in these reversible cell surface and in vitro
      lymphocyte function abnormalities in Hodgkin's disease are discussed.

PMID- 1086326
TI  - An improved technique for obtaining E rosettes with human lymphocytes and its use
      for B cell purification.
AB  - The standard E rosette method and two previously described methods claimed to
      give improved E rosetting for enumeration of human T lymphocytes have been
      compared with respect to the speed of rosette formation, and the mechanical
      stability of the rosettes formed. Following rosette formation with the three
      methods, the lymphocyte-erythrocyte suspensions were sedimented on Ficoll
      Isopaque to deplete them of rosette-forming cells and red cells. The purified
      lymphocyte preparations were tested for B and T cell markers to determine the
      degree of contamination with T cells. One of the improved rosetting methods was
      clearly better than the others, and led to the recovery of B lymphocytes with a
      contamination of only 2.0+/-1.9 per cent of T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1086327
TI  - [Altered T-cell subsets in rheumatoid arthritis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086328
TI  - Medical and legal malpractice: are "ceilings" and "panels" constructive?

PMID- 1086329
TI  - Indiana initiative inhibits malpractice malignancy.

PMID- 1086330
TI  - "GOING BARE" MAY BE HAZARDOUS TO YOUR FISCAL HEALTH.

PMID- 1086331
TI  - A new conspiracy of silence.

PMID- 1086332
TI  - Tax reform decisions.

PMID- 1086333
TI  - Genetic counseling: the search for the adopted child.

PMID- 1086334
TI  - Long-range implications of the medical malpractice insurance crisis.

PMID- 1086335
TI  - Commiserate and cop-out or cure: the common miseries.

PMID- 1086336
TI  - Hand--Schuller--Christian Disease (histiocytosis X). Report of a case with
      extensive ENT involvement.

PMID- 1086337
TI  - Studies on the nature of corticotrophin releasing hormone and its partial
      purification from porcine hypothalami.

PMID- 1086338
TI  - Role of karyoplasm in the emergence of capacity of egg cytoplasm to induce DNA
      synthesis in transplanted sperm nuclei.
AB  - The behaviour of sperm nuclei was studied both in the cytoplasm of intact toad
      oocytes undergoing maturation and the cytoplasm of oocytes matured without
      germinal vesicles. The behaviour of the nuclei of pronase-treated sperm injected
      in the mature egg cytoplasm was shown to be exactly similar to that of the sperm
      nucleus after fertilization, i.e. they swelled, synthesized DNA, and divided. No
      changes in such sperm nuclei could be detected in the cytoplasm of the oocytes
      matured without germinal vesicles.

PMID- 1086339
TI  - Control of B-lymphocyte function. I. Inactivation of mitogenesis by interactions
      with surface immunoglobulin and Fc-receptor molecules.
AB  - Mouse spleen cells were incubated with anti-Ig antibodies for 1 h, washed,
      exposed to LPS for 1 h, washed, and their DNA synthetic responses assayed 2 days
      later. It was shown that the 1-h incubation with anti-Ig antibodies produced a
      profound, internal, and long lasting state of inactivation in the B cells.
      Experiments with anti-Ig fragments and other ligands showed that the inactivation
      occurred optimally when both surface Ig molecules and Fc receptors were bound
      simultaneously. The role of the classical capping and clearing cycle was also
      investigated. It was shown that capping and clearing were neither necessary nor
      sufficient for the inactivation to occur, and that the signals, but only
      secondarily the ligands themselves, were transmitted across the membrane. Capping
      and clearing were viewed as a natural regulatory mechanism by which the B cell
      attempts to clear its membrane of perturbations and signals from the exterior.

PMID- 1086340
TI  - Inhibition of the development of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium
      discoideum by omega-aminocarboxylic acids.
AB  - Four omega-aminocarboxylic acids - epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA), trans-4
      aminomethylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid (t-AMCHA), p-aminomethylbenzoic acid
      (PAMBA) and omega-aminocaprylic acid (OACA) -- prevented fruiting body formation
      of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. At concentrations of 40 mM,
      75 mM, 10 mM and 5 mM, respectively, they allowed aggregation but prevented all
      further development at 24 degrees C. At lower concentrations, EACA allowed
      fruiting body formation but with a reduced number of spores per fruiting body.
      Only t-AMCHA had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of myxamoebae.
      EACA affected development only if it was present between 8 and 16 h after the
      cells were deposited on the filters. Its effect was enhanced by high salt
      concentrations and by higher temperature, and was also dependent on the manner in
      which the cells were grown. Only strains capable of axenic growth displayed this
      sensitivity to EACA, although strains carrying only one of the genetic markers
      for axenic growth (axe A) were partially sensitive.

PMID- 1086341
TI  - The effect of epsilon-aminocaproic acid on biochemical changes in the development
      of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum.
AB  - epsilon-Aminocaproic acid (EACA) inhibited the development of Dictyostelium
      discoideum strain AX2 after the aggregation stage. Biochemical changes that
      occurred early in development (loss of cellular protein, RNA and carbohydrate;
      increase in the specific activity of N-acetylglucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase,
      threonine deaminase and leucine aminopeptidase) were not affected by
      concentrations of EACA which blocked development; but biochemical changes that
      occurred later (synthesis of carbohydrate, increase in the specific activity of
      UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase)  were inhibited. Spores from fruiting bodies
      formed in the presence of low concentrations of EACA were larger, more spherical
      and less able to survive heat treatment than spores from fruiting bodies of
      control (no EACA) cells.

PMID- 1086342
TI  - Psychopathology observed on follow-up after coronary bypass surgery.
AB  - Forty-six of 51 coronary bypass patients whose inhospital postoperative
      adjustment was reported earlier, were studied about 18 months postoperatively. In
      addition, 32 of 46 cardiac valvular surgery patients were seen as a comparison
      group. The incidence of postoperative psychiatric symptoms observed in the
      hospital, eight of 51 (16 per cent), and on follow-up, seven of 46 (15 per cent),
      was very similar; however, the patients who had these psychiatric symptoms
      comprised two almost entirely different groups. There were no indications that
      patients who developed psychiatric symptoms in the immediate postoperative period
      than patients asymptomatic postoperatively. There was a significant relationship
      between preoperative psychiatric illness and symptoms in the follow-up period.

PMID- 1086343
TI  - The role of intraneuronal amine levels in the feedback control of dopamine,
      noradrenaline and 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis in rat brain.
AB  - The influence of varying brain levels of dopamine, noradrenaline and 5-HT on
      their respective synthesis rates has been investigated. The first step in
      monoamine synthesis was studied in vivo by measuring the accumulation of dopa and
      5-hydroxytryptophan after inhibition of the aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase.
      Variations in monoamine levels were obtained by combined treatment with
      inhibitors of the decarboxylase (NSD 1015 or Ro 4-4602) and of monoamine oxidase
      (pargyline). An increase in monoamine levels by pargyline was found to inhibit
      the synthesis of dopamine, noradrenaline and 5-HT. Conversely, a decrease in
      monoamine levels induced by the decarboxylase inhibitor Ro 4-4602 appeared to
      stimulate dopamine and noradrenaline synthesis but had no effect on 5-HT
      synthesis. The influence of varying levels of dopamine and noradrenaline on the
      synthesis of these amines could still be demonstrated after blockade of dopamine
      receptos and of alpha-adrenergic (noradrenaline) receptors by haloperidol,
      suggesting that the mechanism involved in this feedback control is mediated via
      end-product inhibition of tyrosine hydroxylase. On the other hand, the
      stimulating influence of haloperidol on the synthesis of catecholamines does not
      seem to be directly related to changes in catecholamine levels. It is concluded
      that the short-term control of catecholamine synthesis presumably involves two
      independent feedback mechanisms, one intraneuronal mechanism operating via end
      product inhibition, and one synaptic mechanism mediated via dopamine and
      noradrenaline receptors, respectively. Both pre- and postsynaptic receptors may
      be involved in the latter mechanism.

PMID- 1086344
TI  - [Embryonic pineal organ of Lacerta vivipara J. II. Electron microscopic study of
      3H-5-hydroxytryptophan (3H-5-HTP) incorporation in the secretory rudimentary
      photoreceptor cells (SRP). The gradient of biochemical differentiation (author's
      transl)].
AB  - As the biosynthesis of indoleamines in Lacerta vivipara embryos from stage 36 to
      40 is concerned, our ultrastructural radioautographic studies reveal a selective
      incorporation and metabolism of 3H-5-HTP in one of the two "sensory" cell types,
      the Secretory Rudimentary Photoreceptor cells (SRP). Specific radioautographic
      reactions are constantly for the most part located on the dense secretory
      granules which are stored in the basal processes of the SRP and originate in the
      Golgi complex. During ontogenesis, the amount of autoradiographically
      demonstrable tritiated indoleamines and the number of dense secretory granules
      increase at the same rate. The combination of electron microscopic and
      radioautographic studies shows that, during ontogenesis, a close relation exists
      between the cytological differentiation of the SRP and their capacity to
      synthesize and store indoleamines.

PMID- 1086345
TI  - Measurements of stiffness of extraocular muscles of the rabbit.
AB  - 1. The stiffness of the eye and the extraocular muscles of the conscious rabbit
      was measured and compared with similar measurements made on human subjects. 2.
      The extraocular muscles of the rabbit developed less than 0.5 g at optimal
      isometric length when the contralateral eye was in "primary position". Deviations
      of the eye of the rabbit from primary position were accomplished by an increase
      in force of the agonist muscle with only a nominal decrease in force in the
      antagonist. 3. With all muscles attached to the globe, the stiffness of the eye
      for displacements of up to 35 degrees from primary position was 0.11 +/- 0.03
      g/deg. 4. The stiffness of the human eye to lateral rotations was 1.09 +/- 0.24
      g/deg. Hence, identical disturbances in force would cause deviations in the
      position of the eye of the rabbit which are nearly an order of magnitude greater
      than those of man. 5. The stiffness of the extraocular muscles of the rabbit was
      sensitive to levels of muscle activation produced either by indirect electrical
      stimulation or by the vestibuloocular reflex. 6. The implications of these
      findings for the development of eye position control in animals with good
      binocular vision are discussed.

PMID- 1086346
TI  - Correlation of light-induced changes in retinal extracellular potassium
      concentration with c-wave of the electroretinogram.
AB  - 1. Double-barrel, potassium-specific microelectrodes have been used to measure
      light-induced transient changes in [K+]o in the frog eye cup preparation. These
      changes in [K+]o have been termed the potassioretinogram (KRG). 2. The KRG
      consists of two components: a rapid increase in [K+]o in the proximal retina and
      a slow decrease in [K+]o in the distal retina. 3. The KRG decrease has the
      rhodopsin action spectrum, is maximal in the photoreceptor layer, persists after
      aspartate treatment, and has an increment threshold curve which saturates at
      moderate background intensities. The rhodopsin rods are, therefore, most likely
      the only neurons which generate this ionic change, although the Muller (glial)
      cells may also be involved in this process. 4. The KRG decrease has the same time
      course as the c-wave of the electroretinogram for all variations in the stimulus
      parameters, including intensity, duration, and chromaticity. 5. It is suggested
      that the c-wave may be produced by the pigment epithelial cells as they
      hyperpolarize in response to the decrease in [K+]o around the photoreceptors.

PMID- 1086347
TI  - Adaptive gain control of vestibuloocular reflex by the cerebellum.
AB  - 1. The gain of the vestibuloocular reflex (slow-phase eye velocity/head velocity)
      was measured in 17 adult cats. 2. The gain of the reflex, in the dark, was 0.90
      (+/-0.15 SD) over the frequency range 0.03-1.2 Hz. 3. In the range 0.01-0.15 Hz,
      the phase behaved as though the overall reflex time constant were 12 s or
      greater. The cupula time constant is 4 s. Therefore, the central part of the
      reflex must manipulate the canal signal to improve its low-frequency response by
      a factor of at least three. 4. When the cats wore left-right reversing prisms
      chronically and were also rotated for 2 h every day, the reflex underwent large,
      plastic changes. The gain, tested in the dark, decreased by 93% at 0.05 Hz and
      55% at 1.2 Hz. In effect, the low-frequency response was abolished. The process
      took about 8 days. 5. In the light, with reversed vision, the gain decreased
      further and, at low frequencies, the eye movements did reverse in direction. 6.
      When the vestibulocerebellum was removed, the gain, in the dark, rose to about
      1.17 and the plastic changes caused by reversing prisms were completely
      abolished. 7. Reversing prisms create vestibuloocular dysmetria. The change in
      gain they produce is considered to be an adaptive response designed to reduce
      image motion on the retina during head movements. The vestibulocerebellum is
      necessary for this adaptive process. It is proposed that detecting and repairing
      dysmetria (of natural origin) is an important cerebellar function.

PMID- 1086348
TI  - Peripheral nerve stimulation in the treatment of intractable pain.
AB  - Peripheral nerve stimulating devices were implanted for pain control in 33
      patients with a variety of disabling chronic pain conditions, which had persisted
      despite usual medical and surgical therapy. The implants were placed on major
      nerves innervating the area of the patient's pain. Records were obtained of each
      patient's stated relief from pain produced by nerve stimulation, along with
      assessments of narcotic withdrawal, ability to return to work, sleep pattern, and
      relief from depression. Based on these five criteria 17 patients were judged to
      be treatment failures, while eight patients had excellent results, and seven had
      intermediate results. Twelve of the failures were in patients with either low
      back pain with sciatica, or pain from metastatic disease. The most dramatic
      successes occurred in patients with peripheral nerve trauma. The incidence of
      complications has been low, and two patients have used the stimulator for 5 years
      without adverse effects. Techniques of peripheral stimulator implantation,
      possible mechanisms of action, and conclusions regarding peripheral nerve
      stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain are discussed.

PMID- 1086349
TI  - Thiamine and nerve membrane.

PMID- 1086350
TI  - Studies on the solid-phase synthesis of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor
      (Kunitz) and the characterization of the synthetic material.

PMID- 1086351
TI  - Incidence of ampicillin-resistant Hemophilus influenzae in otitis media.
AB  - Ampicillin resistance in Hemophilus influenzae type b causing serious infections
      is appreciated, but little is known about ampicillin resistance in
      nonencapsulated strains causing otitis media. The ampicillin sensitivity of 984
      middle-ear isolates of H. influenzae from children in Huntsville, Ala. obtained
      from 1970-1976, was examined: Nine AmpR isolates were found: one in 1973, two in
      1974, three in 1975, and three in the first five months of 1976. Seven strains
      were nonencapsulated; two were type b. All nine produced beta-lactomase. The
      incidence of ampicillin resistance in strains causing otitis media increased from
      0.6% in 1973 to 2.4% in 1976. AmpR H. influenzae infection should be suspected in
      situations where ampicillin therapy of otitis media is unsuccessful.

PMID- 1086352
TI  - Duodenal intramural hematoma in anaphylactoid purpura.

PMID- 1086353
TI  - H. influenzae buccal cellulitis and otitis media.

PMID- 1086354
TI  - Colonial morphology of Trichomonas vaginalis in Agar.

PMID- 1086355
TI  - Identification of the pace-maker current in frog atrium.
AB  - 1. The nature and interactions of the membrane currents underlying induced pace
      maker activity in frog atrial muscle have been investigated using a double
      sucrose gap technique. 2. The membrane current which controls the speed of the
      atrial pacemaker depolarization (the pace-maker current, ip), is shown to be an
      outward current activated within the plateau potential range of a normal action
      potential. The subsequent deactivation of ip at more negative potentials unmasks
      the depolarizing action of time-independent inward membrane currents so that a
      pace-maker potential can result. 3. The deactivation of ip over a limited
      potential range (between about -30 and -60 mV) can be reliably recorded by
      switching on the voltage clamp during an induced pace-maker depolarization. 4.
      Investigation of the time and voltage-dependent behaviour of ip over a much wider
      potential range is less straightforward. How ip can be separated from other
      components of outward current present in the decay tails following square voltage
      clamp depolarizations is described. 5. The majority of such current decay tails
      contain three components of outward current. It appears that two of these
      components, one of which is ip, are true Hodgkin-Huxley conductance systems
      chiefly carrying potassium ions. 6. The nature of the third current, which decays
      very slowly at moderate membrane potentials (about -40 mV), is discussed and
      reasons are briefly given for considering it to result from the accumulation of
      potassium ions in extracellular spaces. Preliminary evidence that potassium
      depletion occurs at potentials negative to the resting potential of the
      trabeculum is also presented. 7. Because of the obvious complexities involved, a
      quantitative analysis of the atrial outward currents is not attempted here but
      forms the subject of a following paper (Brown, Clark & Noble, 1976a).

PMID- 1086356
TI  - Analysis of pace-maker and repolarization currents in frog atrial muscle.
AB  - 1. A quantitative analysis of the time-dependent component of outward membrane
      current in atrial wall trabeculae from Rana catesbeiana and Rana ridibunda has
      been carried out using a double sucrose gap technique. 2. Separation of the
      different components of delayed outward current was hampered by the sigmoid onset
      of one of the outward current systems ixfast and by the development of potassium
      ion accumulation which prevented current activation from reaching a steady state
      at positive membrane potentials. Semilogarithmic analysis of positive current
      decay tails recorded immediately following square voltage clamp depolarizations
      was therefore used to separate the two membrane conductance components ixfast and
      ixslow and the third component, attributable to potassium ion accumulation, which
      was almost invariably present in the tails. 3. It is shown that inaccuracies in
      this method of semilogarithmic separation of components caused by visual
      assessment of the i3 (accumulation) line are minor compared with the large
      changes in the time constants of ixfast and more especially of ixslow which would
      result from ignoring the potassium accumulation component. 4. Such
      semilogarithmic separation of the three components of outward current gave
      separate activation curves for each of the two membrane conductance components,
      ixfast and ixslow. 5. Measurement of 'total' activation curves in which all
      components of outward current were represented could be made more easily and
      fairly reliably. The position and shape of these activation curves on the voltage
      axis were found to closely resemble those obtained by three component separation.
      It is therefore suggested that such a simplified analysis reflects the properties
      of the individual currents sufficiently well for it to be of use in preliminary
      studies of, for example, drug action. 6. The kinetic properties of the atrial
      outward currents have been investigated over a wide potential range. Because of
      the presence of potassium ion accumulation, an indirect method of obtaining the
      average value of 1/gamma for outward current decay at negative potentials had to
      be employed. 7. It is shown that some degree of inward-going rectification is
      associated with the outward current systems of frog atrium. 8. The possible
      reasons for the differences between the analysis presented here and those
      presented earlier by us (Brown & Noble, 1969a, b) and by Ojeda & Rougier (1974)
      are discussed.

PMID- 1086357
TI  - Potassium accumulation and depletion in frog atrial muscle.
AB  - 1. In atrial wall trabeculae of Rana catesbeiana and R. ridibunda very slowly
      decaying membrane currents have been consistently observed in decay tails
      following voltage clamp depolarizing and hyperpolarizing pulses. It is not
      thought that these currents are carried by time-dependent conductance channels
      but rather result from potassium ion accumulation or depletion. 2. Since voltage
      clamp techniques generally impose a non-physiological situation on the membranes
      of excitable cells, evidence that potassium ion accumulation occurs in unclamped
      atrial tissue is presented. 3. When potassium ions accumulate, the reversal
      potentials for both atrial delayed conductance mechanisms, ixfast and ixslow,
      should be shifted in a positive direction, the magnitude of the shifts being a
      function of the charge transferred during depolarization. Experiments have been
      performed to test this prediction quantitatively, and as a result, a simple
      accumulation model is developed. 4. A second important effect of accumulation
      should be upon the time-independent potassium conductance, iK1. It was found that
      this effect produces current tails whose decay becomes exponential when the
      amount of accumulation is small. The time constant of this exponential is shown
      to be equal to the time constant of decay of accumulation, tauacc. 5. One of the
      most important assumptions in the accumulation model is that the iK1(Em)
      relations for different values of [K]O 'cross-over' one another as they do in
      skeletal muscle and mammalian Purkinje tissue. Experimental verification of this
      assumption is presented. This 'cross-over' effect allows current changes due to
      accumulation to show an apparent 'reversal potential' and so to appear like a
      conductance mechanism. 6. Potassium depletion is shown to occur during
      hyperpolarizing pulses. This depletion process must be allowed for in a direct
      kinetic analysis of the pace-maker current, ixslow, at potentials negative to the
      resting potential (ER).

PMID- 1086358
TI  - The influence of non-uniformity on the analysis of potassium currents in heart
      muscle.
AB  - 1. A method is described for determining the space constant gamma of heart muscle
      strips using a sucrose gap technique. 2. The average value of gamma for frog
      atrial trabeculae was found to be nearly 700 mum. This value is nearly twice the
      length of the test gap (400 mum). Near the resting potential, the voltage non
      uniformity should be about 10%. This was confirmed experimentally by comparing
      the membrane voltages recorded across the current-passing and voltage-recording
      sucrose gaps. 3. The non-uniformity during large depolarizations was calculated
      using a computer model. This model includes the inward-going rectification
      displayed by iK1 and the delayed rectification that occurs following
      depolarizations beyond -40mV. A single component of delayed rectification was
      included. 4. It is shown that even very large non-uniformities have relatively
      small effects on the shape of the activation curve and on the time course of
      onset or decay of current. 5. It is comcluded that the fast component of current
      decay described in a previous paper (Brown, Clark & Noble, 1976b) is not
      attributable to a non-uniformity artifact.

PMID- 1086359
TI  - Noise analysis of drug induced voltage clamp currents in denervated frog muscle
      fibres.
AB  - 1. Voltage clamp currents were recorded during iontophoretic application of
      steady doses of acetylcholine (ACh), carbachol or suberyldicholine to
      hyperpersensitive extrasynaptic regions of chronically denervated frog muscle
      fibers. Autocorrelation functions of drug induced current fluctuations were
      calculated and estimates of conductance gamma and average open time tau of the
      extrasynaptic ion channels were derived. 2. The average open time of an
      extrajunctional channel induced by acetylcholine is tauACh = 11 +/- 1-6 msec (+/-
      S.E.) at -80 mV and 8 degrees C. Carbachol and suberyldicholine open channels of
      tauCarb = 3-9 +/- 0-4 msec and tauSubCh = 19 +/- 2-5 msec (+/- S.E.) duration
      under the same conditions. The average open time of the extrasynaptic channel
      produced by each drug is three to five times longer than the value found for
      junctional channels in normal fibres. 3. The average open time of the
      extrajunctional channel is dependent on temperature and membrane potential.
      Lowering the temperature or increasing the membrane potential increases the
      average open time of the channels induced by any one of the drugs. 4. The
      conductance of a single extrajunctional channel opened by the action of
      acetylcholine is estimated to be gammaextra = 15 +/- 1-8 pmho (+/- S.E.). This is
      somewhat lower than the value of gammaep = 23 +/- 2 pmho (+/- S.E.) found for the
      conductance of a single open channel in the junctional membrane of normal fibres.
      The extrasynaptic channels opened by the action of carbachol and suberyldicholine
      have similar conductances to those produced by ACh. 5. The autocorrelation
      function of drug-induced current fluctuations, recorded at the former end-plate
      region of chronically denervated fibres often shows both a fast and a slow time
      constant. They correspond in value to the time constant of the autocorrelation
      function obtained from end-plate currents in normal fibres and from extrasynaptic
      currents in denervated fibres respectively. This could indicate that two
      populations of channels exist at the former end-plate region of denervated muscle
      fibres.

PMID- 1086360
TI  - Effects of lanthanum and low sodium on calcium movements and mechanical activity
      in frog ventricular strips [proceedings].

PMID- 1086361
TI  - Osmotic reflextion coefficients of capillary walls to low molecular weight
      hydrophilic solutes measured in single perfused capillaries of the frog
      mesentery.
AB  - 1. Individual capillaries of the transilluminated frog mesentery have been
      perfused with suspensions of human red cells in frog Ringer solution containing 1
      0 g albumin 100 ml.-1. The outer surface of the mesentery has been washed with
      normal frog Ringer solution and with frog Ringer solutions made hypertonic by
      addition of one of the following solutes: sodium chloride (100 m-mole. 1.-1);
      urea (100 m-mole.1.-1); sucrose (20-50 m-mole. 1.-1); cyanocobalamin (8-5 m-mole.
      1.-1). The temperature of the mesentery was between 14 and 16 degrees C in all
      experiments. 2. Wtih the mesentery superfused with normal Ringer, the filtration
      coefficient was determined from measurements of the rate of fluid filtration
      across the capillary wall, at a series of known capillary pressures (Michel,
      Mason, Curry & Tooke, 1974). Filtration coefficient varied from 0-69 X 10(-3) to
      4-45 X 10(-3) mum. sec-1 .cm H2O-1 with an average value of 1-87 X 10(-3) mum.
      sec-1. cm H2O-1. 3. When the superfusate was made hypertonic by the addition of a
      test solute, the osmotic reflextion coefficient (sigma) of the capillary wall to
      test solute was calculated from the additional rate of filtration, the
      concentration of test solute in the superfusate and the filtration coefficient.
      Average values for sigma were: sodium chloride, 0-068 +/- 0-03 (three
      capillaries); urea, 0-071 +/- 0.015 (four capillaries); sucrose, 0-115 +/- 0-023
      (seven capillaries); cyanocobalamin, 0-100 +/- 0-03 (three capillaries). 4. In
      further experiments, the osmotic reflextion coefficients to sodium chloride, urea
      and sucrose were determined in the same capillary. Five technically acceptable
      experiments were carried out. Although there were differences in the value of
      sigma between different capillaries, in any one capillary values of sigma were of
      the same magnitude and there appeared to be no significant trend with the
      molecular size of the test solute. 5. Our findings are inconsistent with the
      hypothesis that there is a single pathway for water and small hydrophilic
      molecules across the capillary wall. 6. Our results may be interpreted in terms
      of an exclusive channel for water in parallel with a channel shared by both water
      and small hydrophilic molecules. It is suggested that the exclusive water channel
      may be the membranes and cytoplasm of the endothelial cells and the shared
      channel may be located in the intercellular junctions. 7. Our data suggest the
      exclusive water channel represents about 10% of the total filtration coefficient
      in frog mesenteric capillaries. The shared channel shows relatively little
      restriction to the molecules investigated. Estimates of the volume flow throught
      the two channels are made for conditions where hydrostatic pressure differences
      and osmotic pressure differences are the driving forces.

PMID- 1086362
TI  - Mechanisms of antitumor action of Corynebacterium parvum: replicating short-lived
      T cells as the mediators of potentiated tumor-specific immunity.

PMID- 1086363
TI  - Experimental solid tumors: the role of macrophages and lymphocytes as effector
      cells.

PMID- 1086364
TI  - Pulmonary dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus without pulmonary symptoms.
AB  - Pulmonary function was measured in a group of 28 patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE) who were free of pulmonary involvement at the time of the
      study. When compared with age and sex matched controls, the SLE patients had a
      pattern of restriction with reduced lung volumes and vital capacity. Diffusing
      capacity was reduced in proportion to the reduction in lung volume. This is felt
      to be most compatible with inapparent pleural thickening resulting in impaired
      lung expansion. There was no evidence of airway obstruction on maximal expiratory
      flow-volume curves. The effect of cigarette smoking in the SLE patients was a
      reduction in flows at low lung volumes, which was indistinguishable from the
      effects in the control smokers. Both SLE and control smokers had a significant
      reduction in DL/VA when compared with control nonsmokers. Pulmonary function was
      not influenced by the presence of renal disease.

PMID- 1086365
TI  - The insensitivity of frog heart rate to pulse modulated microwave energy.
AB  - Frey and Seifert (1968) have reported that pulse modulated microwave irradiation
      of low average energy density can produce tachycardia in isolated frog hearts. In
      an effort to examine this phenomenon, two types of experiments were carried out:
      1. frog hearts were irradiated in situ with 100 mus bursts of microwave energy at
      either 10.0 GHz or 1.42 GHz; 2. isolated frog hearts were irradiated with 100 mus
      bursts of microwave energy at 1.42 GHz. No significant changes in heart rate were
      observed.

PMID- 1086366
TI  - Radiological seminar CLXIV: angiographic localization of bleeding diverticulosis
      of the colon: a case report.

PMID- 1086367
TI  - Formation of the parental replicative form of bacteriophage phiX174.

PMID- 1086368
TI  - T- and B-lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: correlation with clinical
      and immunologic status of the disease.
AB  - T- and B-lymphocyte count were correlated with clinical and immunologic status of
      59 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The mean total T-cell count was
      slightly lower than normal in patients in complete remission, within normal
      limits in those in partial remission, and significantly higher in those with
      active disease. The mean total B-cell count, however, was slightly elevated in
      patients in complete remission and those in partial remission, and markedly
      elevated in those with active disease. The T-cell count correlated well with the
      duration of disease in patients in remission: The mean count was within normal
      range in those patients with disease of less than 3 years, whereas for those
      patients with disease of 3-12 years, a significant reduction was observed. The T
      cell count was well correlated with the status of skin test response of patients
      with either complete or partial remission; the B-cell count did not correlate
      with immunoglobulin levels in patients with this disease.

PMID- 1086369
TI  - Use of a restriction endonuclease in analyzing the genomes from two different
      strains of vaccinia virus.
AB  - A restriction endonuclease from Haemophilus influenzae (Hind III) specifically
      cleaved vaccinia DNA into 14 fragments. The molecular weights of these fragments
      were determined by gel electrophoresis and ranged from 0.5 x 10(6) to 30 x 10(6).
      Hind III digestion of the DNA from the WR and CV-1 strains of vaccinia revealed a
      small molecular difference in one of the resulting fragments. The average
      molecular weight of the entire vaccinia genome was calculated to be 125 x 10(6).

PMID- 1086370
TI  - Influenza viral mRNA contains internal N6-methyladenosine and 5'-terminal 7
      methylguanosine in cap structures.
AB  - Influenza viral complementary RNA (cRNA), i.e., viral mRNA was radioactive when
      purified from the cytoplasmic fraction of cordycepin-treated canine kidney cells
      that were incubated with [methyl-3H]methionine during infection. Approximately 55
      to 60% of the methyl-3H radioactivity was in internal N6-methyladenosine, a
      feature distinguishing this mRNA from those viral mRNA's that are known to be
      synthesized in the cytoplasm. The remaining methyl-3H radioactivity was in 5'
      terminal cap structures that consisted of 7-methylguanosine in pyrophosphate
      linkage to 2'-o-methyladenosine, N6, 2'-O-dimethyladenosine, or 2'-O
      methylguanosine. Methylated adenosine was the predominant penultimate nucleoside
      in caps, suggesting that cRNA synthesis in infected cells initiates
      preferentially with adenosine at the 5' end. In contrast to cRNA, influenza
      virion RNA segments extracted from purified virus contained mainly 5'-terminal
      ppA and no detectable cap structures.

PMID- 1086371
TI  - Chronic painless hematuria and urethral bleeding as the presenting manifestations
      of Osler-Weber-Rendu disease.
AB  - A case of a young man with profound iron deficiency anemia, chronic painless
      hematuria and urethral bleeding is presented. He had the typical cutaneous
      findings of Osler-Weber-Rendu disease (hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia).
      Appropriate urological studies demonstrated bladder and urethral telangiectases,
      with no other explanation for the bleeding. Osler-Weber-Rendu disease should be
      considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic painless hematuria.

PMID- 1086372
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass surgery and quality of life.

PMID- 1086373
TI  - Endoscopic electrocoagulation of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
AB  - Endoscopic electrocoagulation was performed on 40 occasions for 38 patients with
      bleeding gastrointestinal lesions. Cessation of bleeding was achieved in 95%.
      Fifteen gastric ulcers, 14 duodenal ulcers, six Mallory-Weiss tears, one gastric
      varix, one hemorrhagic antral gastritis, and one esophageal ulcer were
      successfully electrocoagulated. Three duodenal and three gastric ulcers rebled.
      One duodenal ulcer and one gastric ulcer were successfully reelectrocoagulated.
      Failure to stop bleeding by electrocoagulation occurred in one Mallory-Weiss tear
      and one duodenal ulcer. There was no morbidity nor mortality attributed to
      endoscopic electrocoagulation. A retrospective cost analysis showed that the cost
      of hospitalization was less in patients treated by electrocoagulation. Patients
      so treated were hospitalized for a shorter duration.

PMID- 1086374
TI  - Extensive bullous emphysema in a young woman.

PMID- 1086375
TI  - Diagnosis of Meckel diverticulum.

PMID- 1086376
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

PMID- 1086377
TI  - The problem-oriented medical system.

PMID- 1086378
TI  - [Studies on in vitro colony formation in children with aplastic anemia. I. Colony
      forming capacity and colony stimulating activity in children with aplastic anemia
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086379
TI  - [Clinicopathological studies of T-cell type acute lymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 1086380
TI  - [Methods and instruments for isolation of T-cells and B-cells].

PMID- 1086381
TI  - [Application of electron microscopy to hematology].

PMID- 1086382
TI  - [Stomach neoplasms associated with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia].

PMID- 1086383
TI  - [Pneumocystis carnii pneumonia].

PMID- 1086384
TI  - Effects of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) vaccines on immune responses in mice.
      I. Possible effect of BCG on helper T cells.
AB  - The effects of killed and living BCG on antibody production against hamster
      erythrocytes (HRBC) and the 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl (TNP) group were studied in SL
      mice. Killed and living BCG, each in doses of 0.008 mg, 0.08 mg, 0.8 mg and 8 mg
      per mouse, were intravenously inoculated 7 days prior to primary immunization
      with HRBC. Secondary immunization was carried out 28 days later with TNP-HRBC.
      Anti-HRBC and anti-TNP antibodies were estimated by a hemagglutination test. The
      results showed that pretreatment with killed or living BCG enhanced the antibody
      production against both HRBC and TNP. Comparing the effects of these two BCG
      preparations, it was noted that killed BCG augmented the anti-HRBC antibody
      production more effectively than living BCG. In regard to the anti-TNP antibody
      production, living BCG exhibited a greater augmenting effect than killed BCG.
      This difference in the modes of action of killed and living BCG was remarkable
      when two groups given 8 mg of killed and living BCG were compared. In addition,
      it was shown that living BCG at a dose as high as 8 mg was able to augment the
      anti-TNP antibody production, even in the absence of preceding immunization with
      HRBC.

PMID- 1086385
TI  - [In vivo distribution of proteinase inhibitor, 99mTc-trasylol in mice bearing
      Ehrlich tumor].

PMID- 1086386
TI  - [Determination of serum anti-DNA antibody by anti-DNA kit--anti-DNA antibody in
      patients with SLE and related diseases and normal subjects].

PMID- 1086387
TI  - [Discussion: nursing research on clothing].

PMID- 1086388
TI  - [Conference: bedclothes currently used by hospitalized patients and their
      evaluation].

PMID- 1086389
TI  - [Conference: recovery of patients and nursing activities concerning their
      clothing].

PMID- 1086390
TI  - [Nursing assessment and care plan statements].

PMID- 1086392
TI  - [Literature review: 2. Patients' clothes convenient for nursing care and their
      selection].

PMID- 1086391
TI  - [Literature review: 1. Purpose of clothing and its significant in nursing].

PMID- 1086393
TI  - Alteration of extracellular K+-activity induced by amino acids in the frog spinal
      cord.

PMID- 1086394
TI  - [Surgical management of the pericardium in aortocoronary bypass and its effects
      on postoperative ECG].

PMID- 1086395
TI  - [Role of the intramural ganglion cells played in the gastrointestinal motilities,
      especially those of the large intestine of the vertebrate animals (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1086396
TI  - [Preinfarct stenocardia and acute myocardial infarct from the viewpoint of modern
      coronary surgery].
AB  - The results of aorto-coronary shunting in 36 patients with preinfarction angina
      and of urgent direct myocardial revascularization in 17 patients with acute
      myocardial infarction are presented. The surgical mortality comprised 28% in the
      group of patients with preinfarction angina. Twenty-two patients were followed-up
      for 8 months to 4 years. Good results were obtained in 9 patients, satisfactory-
      in 7, unsatisfactory--in 4. One patient died of cardiac insufficiency 1 1/2 year
      after surgery. The diagnosis of preinfarction angina is a direct indication for
      urgent coronary angiography and aorto-coronary shunting in case suitable coronary
      arteries are available for anastomosing. The indications for urgent
      revascularization of the myocardium in cases of infarction included the
      inefficacy of drug therapy within 2-3 hours of its onset, an unarrested pulmonary
      oedema and cardiogenic shock in cases of localized proximal occlusion of the
      coronaries revealed by elective or urgent coronary angiography. Four patients
      were operated on in the state of cardiogenic shock (one of them after reversing
      the state of clinical death), and two patients were operated on with pulmonary
      oedema. All these patients (with the exception of the one with pulmonary oedema)
      recovered. Four patients died. The follow-up covered a period of 9 months to 3
      years. Good results were obtained in 4 patients, satisfactory--in 3,
      unsatisfactory--in 4. No late mortality cases were observed. The obtained results
      permit to analyse the preinfarction angina and acute myocardial infarction from
      the standpoint of modern coronary surgery.

PMID- 1086397
TI  - [Colonic polypectomy, results, hazards and complications].

PMID- 1086398
TI  - [Bioelectrical activity of the stomach in acute gastroduodenal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1086399
TI  - [Autoarterial aortocoronary shunting].

PMID- 1086400
TI  - [The phenotype of heterozygotic females in congenital red-green color blindness
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Varying degrees of deficient color perception along the Deutan axis within one
      family have been studied and presented. All seven family members exhibit manifest
      color blindness. The question of the phenotype among heterozygotic females is
      discussed on the basis of the data found by anomaloscope testing and the hue
      tests of Farnsworth D-15 and Farnsworth 100.

PMID- 1086401
TI  - [Aphakia and contact lenses (author's transl)].
AB  - Four possibilities are offered to provide a good correction for aphakic
      individuals: no correction at all; spectacles; more than 60% adopt this solution,
      the contact lens which has optical, functional and aesthetic advantages. The
      intra-ocular lens (the best solution, but it is, not without complications).
      Since 1956 we have followed up 588 unilateral aphakians. Tolerance of contact
      lenses after one year is excellent: 61% wear the contact lenses 10-12 hrs. per
      day, 18% wear them 6-8 hrs. per day and 21% lost courage. There is a parallel
      between binocular vision and tolerance, which decreased over the years. Three
      factors are determinant here: state of binocular vision: many factors influence
      the quality of fusion: nature of the cataract, the moment of adaptation of the
      lens, loss of accommodation and anisoconie. Surrounding conditions e.g. dusty
      atmosphere also influence the tolerance; local state of the tissues. 15 years
      later, the situation has changed. 71.5% gave up the contact lenses completely and
      only 15% wear them 10-12 hrs. per day. The reasons of this abandonment are:
      diplopie, inflammation and local complications.

PMID- 1086402
TI  - [Additional observations of inferior, half-moon shaped, edematous dystrophy of
      the cornea (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086403
TI  - [Diagnosis of Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia by lavage of the bronchial system
      (author's transl)].
AB  - This report deals with a 10 year old girl suffering from an acute lymphoblastic
      leukemia since 1971. The child was hematologically in full remission, when she
      developed a pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii. The diagnosis was established
      by demonstrating the agent in bronchial secretions. The material was obtained by
      rinsing the bronchial system. The patient was treated with pentamidine and co
      trimoxazol (Bactrim) with good success.

PMID- 1086404
TI  - [T-cells in thyroid disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Thymus-derived peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied in untreated (n = 18),
      methimazole-treated (n = 28) thyrotoxicosis, after radioiodine (n = 14), in
      Hashimoto thyroiditis (n = 7) and in euthyroid goiter (n = 7). The results were
      compared with normal persons (n = 40) without thyroid disease. There was no
      significant difference in the total and relative counts of T-cells either between
      the different groups nor compared with the controls. These findings confirm that
      T-cells in peripheral blood cannot give any information about activity or
      prognosis of the various thyroid diseases. Thus T-cells give no further
      suggestion concerning the possible pathogenetic role of cell-mediated-immunity.

PMID- 1086405
TI  - [Direct myocardial revascularization in ischemic heart disease (indications,
      technic, results)].

PMID- 1086406
TI  - [Genesis of vestibulo-autonomic disorders under weightless conditions].

PMID- 1086407
TI  - A mathematical model in immunoregulation where the spleen has a pivotal role.

PMID- 1086408
TI  - Sternal and costochondral infections following open-heart surgery. A review of
      2,594 cases.
AB  - From a series of 2,594 patients undergoing open-heart surgery, 39 had sternal or
      costochondral infections. Most of these infections were associated with a number
      of predisposing factors: prolonged perfusion time, excessive postoperative
      bleeding, depressed cardiac output in the postoperative period, and a history of
      re-exploration for the control of hemorrhage. One important factor was the use of
      bilateral internal mammary artery implants. The prognosis for patients with
      sternal wound infections appears related to the length of time required for
      institution of treatment and the adequacy of initial therapy. Most of these
      infections are caused by staphylococcus, although the more complicated infections
      often are caused by fungus. The prevention of serious sternal infections depends
      on a combination of proper preoperative preparation, attention to minute details
      at the time of operation, and recognition of variables predisposing to wound
      complications.

PMID- 1086409
TI  - Preoperative risk factors and aorta-coronary bypass graft patency.
AB  - The relationship between graft patency and the presence of presurgical prognostic
      factors was studied in 636 patients who have undergone aorta-coronary bypass
      operation. We have found a positive correlation between vein graft patency and
      both coronary artery constriction score (p less than 0.01) and diastolic blood
      pressure (p less than 0.05). In patients studied up to one year after surgery,
      high graft patency was associated with both higher diastolic pressures (p less
      than 0.03) and higher cholesterol levels (p less than 0.001). However, high
      cholesterol levels also were associated with coronary arterial obstruction. In
      patients studied more than a year after operation, high constriction scores
      before the operation were associated with improved graft patency (p less than
      0.03). Our findings indicate that short-term prognosis of the grafts is related
      mainly to hemodynamic variables.

PMID- 1086410
TI  - [Immunological mother-fetus relationship].
AB  - The immunology of propagation and growth is a field of medicine which has been
      developing in the last 3--4 years. On the basis of the literature data on
      clinical and experimental works from this field the author tries to explain the
      essence of the immunological mother-fetus relationship. The non-rejection of the
      fetus as a foreign transplant is made possible by the suppression of the mother's
      immunologic capacity (cellular and humoral) on the one hand, and the existence of
      protective mechanisms of the fetus on the other. Dealing in more detail with
      elements resulting in the reduced immunological reactivity and the increased
      tolerance of mother towards fetus, the author concludes that this increased
      tolerance, along with the existence of the intact placental barrier, is the basic
      factor which allows the survival of the fetus as an allotransplant.

PMID- 1086411
TI  - Revascularization of the myocardium.

PMID- 1086412
TI  - [Early discharge of patients with acute abdominal bleeding].

PMID- 1086413
TI  - Total pancreatectomy in the treatment of acute necrotising and hemorrhagic
      pancreatitis. Indications-technique.
AB  - The place of total pancreatectomy in the treatment of pancreatitis is still not
      clear: the author is in favour of this operation and gives the indications,
      surgical technique, complications and results. The operation is indicated in
      cases of necrosis involving more than 2/3rds of the whole of the head and part of
      the body of the pancreas. The duodenum and pancreas should be removed in one
      piece and intestinal continuity should be restored performing choledocho-jejunal
      and gastro-jejunal anastomoses. It is important to carry out this operation
      early, between the 3rd and 6th days, treating all areas  of necrosis before the
      lesions become the site of uncontrollable infection. Seven patients out of 9 are
      still alive, on the 25th of July 1975; they all have easily controlled diabetes,
      a low fat diet and are receiving pancreatic extract. We have recently operated a
      10th case, and the patient is alive 2 months later.

PMID- 1086414
TI  - [Experimental pulmonary edema: pathophysiological mechanism (author's transl)].
AB  - Traumaticed tissue or organs show different reactions to oral and parenteral
      application of watery solutions. Tissue traumaticed or not does incline to edema.
      2. In its central position in blood circulation, its capability of water storage
      and distribution as well in its regulatory function of the cardiac output, the
      lung is very suitable for transportation of fluid. 3. If physiologic
      transportation exceeds a maximum (renal and cardiac insufficiency, high
      temperature, infusion) and if lymphatics are blocked, edema results in the
      interstitial and intraalveolare space. 4. Fatal edema is prevented during the
      first 48 h by applicating proteinase inhibitor drug; Trasylol immediatly after
      trauma. 5. Edema is significantly diminished applicating Benzopyrone (Venalot),
      as proven biochemically and electromicroscopically. 6. Taking the findings, it is
      necessary to considerate a new concept of fluid therapy.

PMID- 1086415
TI  - [Reflux esophagitis (author's transl)].
AB  - The term "Refluxdisease" consider an esophageal response (either subjective or
      objective) to injury caused by gastrointestinal contents. Thickening of the basal
      layer of the esophageal mucosa, reflux esophagitis, endobrachyesophagus, acquired
      short esophagus and peptic stenosis are different stages of the objective
      esophageal response. The diagnosis of reflux disease must take account of these
      findings where appropriated. The various stages of reflux disease can only by
      recognized and adequately treated following an exact diagnosis that takes into
      account as may parameters as possible. For this reason fundoplication, which is
      at present the most effective procedure, should only be performed when the
      indications are particularly strong.

PMID- 1086416
TI  - [Interactions between the basic polypeptide Trasylol and proteoglycans. IV.
      Intracellular binding].

PMID- 1086417
TI  - [Surgical emergency treatment of bleeding esophageal varices using the Boerema
      button transsection ligature].

PMID- 1086418
TI  - [para-Aminobenzoic acid as a sole source of carbon and energy for Pseudomonas
      desmoliticum].
AB  - A strain of Psuedomonas desmoliticum has been isolated from soil. It utilizes, as
      a source of carbon and energy, p-aminobenozic (PABA), p-fluorobenzoic acids, and
      some other aromatic compounds. The strain has been isolated by inoculating soil
      suspensions onto Petri plates with a solid mineral medium containing 0.1% PABA as
      a carbon source. The preparatory metabolism of PABA was studied in this work; p
      hydroxybenzoic and protocatechuic acids were found to be its intermediate
      products. Enzyme systems catalysing oxidation of aromatic compounds and glucose
      are inducible.

PMID- 1086419
TI  - Review of cardiac surgery. Part 1: Current procedures.

PMID- 1086420
TI  - Perioperative myocardial infarction with aortocoronary bypass graft surgery.
AB  - In 1975, 160 patients underwent aortocoronary bypass graft surgery at St.
      Vincent's Hospital, Sydney. The incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction
      varied between 2-5% and 5-6% depending on the criteria used to diagnose
      pathological Q waves, and thus compared favourably with other reported series.
      The low incidence suggested that perioperative infarction should be considered as
      neither a deterrent to coronary bypass surgery nor a significant cause of
      postoperative relief of angina.

PMID- 1086421
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in surgical practice.
AB  - The use of fiberoptic endoscopy provides an accurate diagnosis in more than 90%
      of patients with lesions in the oesophagus, stomach and proximal duodenum. It is,
      however, an expensive and time-consuming investigation and is not always
      necessary when a satisfactory diagnosis has been made after radiological
      examination. Groups of patients have now been identified in which endoscopy is of
      particular value to the surgeon. When there is doubt about the diagnosis after
      radiological examination, particularly regarding the malignancy of a gastric
      ulcer, when an upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage occurs, when postgastrectomy
      patients present with symptoms, and when persistent symptoms occur in the absence
      of radiological findings, endoscopy is mandatory for an accurate diagnosis to be
      achieved and rational treatment instituted.

PMID- 1086422
TI  - [Experiences with enterally and parenterally applied leucovorin following therapy
      with high doses of methotrexate in malignant tumors (author's transl)].
AB  - 45 patients (43 ovarian carcinoma and 2 chorionepithelioma) were treated with
      high doses of methotrexate and intramuscularly application of leucovorin
      according to Mathe et al. In comparison a group of 19 patients (ovarian carcinoma
      only) was treated with methotrexate and leucovorin-tablets. The toxic effects on
      leucocytes and platelets were equal in both groups. Due to slightly different
      doses of leucovorin in both groups an enteral resorption rate of more than 90
      p.c. is calculated. Because of the simple way of application the suggested high
      dose therapy with methotrexate and leucovorin-tablets seems to be most convenient
      in the moment.

PMID- 1086423
TI  - High dose methotrexate therapy of solid tumors: observations relating to clinical
      toxicity.
AB  - In clinical studies performed during 111 infusions of high dose methotrexate
      (MTX) we have evolved a clinical and laboratory protocol which permits such
      therapy without prohibitive risk to the patient. The plasma MTX data obtained
      indicate that pharmacokinetic disposition is dose related during these infusions
      and that such data are useful in identifying patients at risk from serious
      toxicity.

PMID- 1086424
TI  - Sterilization of nursing puppies.

PMID- 1086425
TI  - Effects of various drugs supposed to interact with serotonin on PGO frequency
      changes induced by reserpine and 5-hydroxytryptophan.
AB  - Reserpine induced ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) spikes in the lateral geniculate
      nucleus. This was used as a model to evaluate the possible anti-reserpine effects
      of Org GB 94-1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydro-2-methyldibenzo[c,f]pyrazino [1,2
      alpha]azepine monohydrochloride-methiothepin, imipramine and atropine. In cats,
      under local anaesthesia, 3.2 mg/kg of methiothepin (a serotonin antagonist and
      neuroleptic) increased PGO density while 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) effects were
      blocked. A dose of 0.32 mg/kg of imipramine or atropine greatly reduced PGO
      density while potentiating 5-HTP effects. Org GB 94 had no effect in doses up to
      10 mg/kg, where a slight decrease of PGO density was found, while 5-HTP effects
      were unchanged. At 32 mg/kg, EEG was pronouncedly changed by Org GB 94 but only a
      short-lasting decrease in PGO density was noted. On the basis of these results it
      seems improbable that the behavioural effects of Org GB 94 are to be explained by
      the same mechanism (i.e. serotonin uptake inhibition) as that of imipramine.

PMID- 1086426
TI  - The effectiveness of different pimaricin (natamycin) preparations in the local
      treatment of mycotic infections.

PMID- 1086427
TI  - The immunobiology of abortion.

PMID- 1086428
TI  - Selective and total shunts in the treatment of bleeding varices. A randomized
      controlled trial.
AB  - Two types of surgical therapy of bleeding esophageal varices were evaluated in 48
      patients by a randomized controlled trial: 24 were randomized for a total shunt
      and 24 for the selective shunt. In two of the latter, a total shunt had to be
      performed for technical reasons. The fatality rates (six in the 24 total, and six
      in 22 selective [performed], and seven in 24 selective [randomized]), the
      frequency of shunt occlusion (two in each group), and of recurrent
      gastronintestinal bleeding (three in each group) were similar. Encephalopathy
      developed more often after a total shunt -- 10 of 24, or one per 58 patient
      months -- than after selective (performed) -- one of 22, or one per 593 patient
      months (P less than 0.005). Total shunts consistently diverted the hepatopetal
      mesenteric-portal flow from the liver. Deterioration of hepatic function (maximum
      rate of urea synthesis) was greater after total than selective shunt (P less than
      0.05).

PMID- 1086429
TI  - Association of antibodies to ribonucleoprotein and Sm antigens with mixed
      connective-tissue disease, systematic lupus erythematosus and other rheumatic
      diseases.
AB  - Extractable nuclear antigen contains ribo-nuclease-sensitive (ribonucleoprotein)
      and ribonuclease-resistant (Sm) components. To determine the diagnostic
      usefulness of antibodies to these antigens, a multicenter study was undertaken in
      which serums were analyzed for these antibodies and the findings compared with
      clinical and other laboratory characteristics of the patients. Of 100 patients
      with hemagglutinating antibodies to ribonuclease-sensitive extractable nuclear
      antigen, and only the same antibodies by immunodiffusion, 74 per cent had typical
      features of mixed connective-tissue disease; 12 features of systemic lupus
      erythematosus, eight those of scleroderma and six an undifferentiated mild
      connective-tissue disease. Of 27 patients with hemagglutinating antibodies to
      ribonuclease-resistant extractable nuclear antigen (and Sm antibodies by
      immunodiffusion), 85 per cent had typical systemic lupus. Thus, antibodies to
      nuclear ribonucleoprotein and Sm are of diagnostic use; if the serum contains
      only ribonucleoprotein antibody in high titer, it is likely that the patient has
      mixed connective-tissue disease.

PMID- 1086430
TI  - Problems in differentiating SLE and mixed connective-tissue disease.

PMID- 1086431
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exrecises. Case 49-1976.

PMID- 1086432
TI  - Partial replacement of serum by selenite, transferrin, albumin and lecithin in
      haemopoietic cell cultures.

PMID- 1086433
TI  - Two-gene control of T-helper cell induction.

PMID- 1086434
TI  - Molecular weights of antihaemophilic factor and von Willebrand factor proteins in
      human plasma.

PMID- 1086435
TI  - Evidence of a thymic abnormality in murine muscular dystrophy.

PMID- 1086436
TI  - T lymphocytes with promiscuous cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1086437
TI  - [Obstetrical brachial plexus injuries. A study on perinatal morbidity].

PMID- 1086438
TI  - [Effect of vestibular, somatic and autonomic afferent impulsation on the activity
      of individual neurons in the nuclei of the cat vestibular complex].
AB  - Responses of single vestibular neurons were studied in cats under adequate and
      electric stimulation of different afferent sources (labyrinths, mixed nerves, n.
      vagus, n. depressor, limb movements). Different types of responses to the
      employed stimulation as well as evoked activity as bursts followed by depression
      of background firing are described. The activity of vestibular neurons is shown
      to depend on extralabyrinthal stimulation. The role of muscle-joint receptors is
      distinguished from natural stimulation of the vestibular apparatus during the
      head tilting. Somatotopic organization of vestibular nuclei and convergence of
      different afferental impulses to the neurons forming the vestibulospinal tract
      are discussed.

PMID- 1086439
TI  - [A new valve controlled system for ventricular drainage. (Technical description
      and clinical results)].
AB  - A new valve controlled system for continuous ventricular drainage has been
      described. The clinical experiences (114 patients) are very satisfactory, even
      after a drainage duration of 15 days. The main advantages of the method are the
      resistance of all connexions against traction, the fixed position of the
      ventricular catheter, the variable opening pressure of the valve and the
      insensitivity to air or gas bubbles, at last the protection of the valve against
      blood and protein clots by use of filters. We have used the system for the
      continuous monitoring of the ICP and for diagnostic purposes (ventriculography,
      examination of cerebrospinal fluid) with good results.

PMID- 1086440
TI  - [Spontaneous ventriculostomy developing in non-communicating hydrocephalus of
      unestablished etiology].
AB  - The authors report a case of exceptionally rarely occurring spontaneous
      ventriculostomy in the region of epiphyseal recess in a patient with increasing
      non-communicating hydrocephalus. This case is the fourth one diagnosed
      intravitally in a group of 22 cases published as yet. Positive ventriculography
      was the method establishing the diagnosis of this condition during life.
      Restoration of communication in intracranial cerebrospinal pathways with
      bypassing of the blockade by development of spontaneous ventriculostomy is
      regarded as a trial of self-treatment of the organism. The observations
      demonstrated that this bypassing in a group of 22 cases published as yet.
      Positive ventriculography was the method establishing the diagnosis of this
      condition during glife. Restoration of comis, in such cases, creation of
      ventriculo-atrial communication for reduction of intracranial pressure.

PMID- 1086441
TI  - The effects of reserpine, L-dopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan on 5-hydroxyindoleacetic
      and homovanillic acids in cerebrospinal fluid, behaviour and EEG in cats.

PMID- 1086442
TI  - 5-hydroxytryptophan-induced myoclonus: increased sensitivity to serotonin after
      intracranial 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine in the adult rat.

PMID- 1086443
TI  - Radiodiagnosis of intracranial pearly tumours with particular reference to the
      value of computer tomography.
AB  - The radiological appearances of 22 histologically proven epidermoid and dermoid
      tumours occurring in four sites are presented - (1) the petrous apex and
      cerebellopontine angle, (2) the suprasellar region, (3) the cerebral hemispheres
      and (4) the cerebellum and 4th ventricle. Pathognomonic radiological changes are
      only uncommonly demonstrated by conventional neuroradiological techniques.
      Computer assisted tomography employing an EMI scanner has demonstrated diagnostic
      appearances. The availability of detailed density changes occurring within the
      tumours together with additional intracranial information makes computer
      tomography the investigation of choice.

PMID- 1086444
TI  - Ventriculography with Amipaque.
AB  - Greater diagnostic accuracy of lesions of the third and fourth ventricles and
      aqueduct has resulted from the use of positive contrast ventriculography with the
      watersoluble medium Amipaque. The examination is performed more easily than with
      gas ventriculography and has caused no distress or complication in 47 patients.

PMID- 1086445
TI  - Vestibular stimulation.

PMID- 1086446
TI  - Distal right coronary endarterectomy with saphenous coronary bypass for diffuse
      coronary disease: long-term results.

PMID- 1086447
TI  - Tuberculosis in the paediatric population.

PMID- 1086448
TI  - [Treatment of endophthalmitis by the method of long-term subscleral irrigation
      and drainage].

PMID- 1086449
TI  - [Therapeutic effect of whale oil in certain corneal diseases].

PMID- 1086450
TI  - Plasma alpha-1-antitrypsin levels in early and late carcinoma of the cervix.
AB  - Previous studies have demonstrated a rise in serum alpha-1-antitrypsin at
      advanced stages of malignancy. These, together with results of animal experiments
      with another anti-proteinase, aprotinin, have prompted studies of the plasma
      alpha-1-antitrypsin in the early stages of malignancy, using cervical carcinoma
      as a model. Measurements were made in three groups of individuals; negative
      cervical-smear women volunteers; hospitalised women with a positive result from
      the cervical-smear test; hospitalised women with a clinical cervical carcinoma.
      Elevated plasma alpha-1-antitrypsin levels were found in the "smear-positive" and
      "cancer" groups. Possible explanations for this increase are discussed and it is
      concluded that it occurs in direct response to the early stages of development of
      the tumor. Once a frank carcinoma has developed, maximal response has been
      attained, regardless of the degree of invasion or metastasis.

PMID- 1086451
TI  - An analysis of acquired disorders of color vision with a view to distinction from
      hereditary ocular anomalies.

PMID- 1086452
TI  - [Electric muscle stimulation in complex orthopedic treatment of infantile
      cerebral palsy].

PMID- 1086453
TI  - [Use of diadynamic currents in the treatment of frostbite].

PMID- 1086454
TI  - Diagnosis and management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in children.

PMID- 1086455
TI  - Proctosigmoidoscopy and rectal biopsy in children.

PMID- 1086456
TI  - [Alpha-1-antitrypsin patterns in chronic non-specific respiratory tract diseases
      in children].

PMID- 1086457
TI  - [Development of cor pulmonale in an infant with pneumocystic pneumonia].

PMID- 1086458
TI  - Breast milk leukocytes.

PMID- 1086459
TI  - Inactin concentration in plasma of rats during anaesthesia and the effect of this
      concentration on short circuit current of isolated frog skin.
AB  - Inactin, given to rats for anaesthesia at a dose of 100 mg per kg body weight
      results in an arterial plasma concentration of 10.6 +/- 1.14 mg%, measured 40 min
      after the onset of anaesthesia. When similar concentrations of Inactin or Amytal
      were applied to frog skins the decrease in the in vitro short circuit current is
      dose dependent. With Inactin, the inhibition was, at least in part, reversible
      and the electrical conductance was not affected. Amytal however was found to
      depress SCC and electrical conductance irreversibly. The data are discussed in
      regard to active renal transport processes.

PMID- 1086460
TI  - The intracellular electrical potential profile of the frog skin epithelium.
AB  - The potential profile of the frog skin epithelium incubated in Cl-Ringer was
      reinvestigated with improved technique. Under open circuit conditions (PDtr up to
      120 mV) the potential profile was demonstrated to be trough like in contrast to
      the stair-step like potential profile reported by previous investigators which
      has probably been recorded after injuring of the punctured cells. In 67
      successful impalements the potential difference across the basolateral membranes
      was 108 +/- 2 mV. The potential across the outer, epithelial-facing membrane was
      inversely related to the transepithelial PD, but was found to be negative (with
      respect to the epithelial bathing solution) in all punctures. Electrogenic sodium
      transport might be responsible for part of the potential difference across the
      basolateral membranes which correlatee directly with the short circuited state
      was -73 +/- i mV and decreased with increasing short cirucit current. It is
      suggested that these changes result from variations of the outer membrane sodium
      conductance.

PMID- 1086461
TI  - Ionic mechanism of inotropic effect of prostaglandin E1 on frog atrial muscle.
AB  - Prostaglandin E1 increases the amplitude and duration of cardiac action potential
      and exerts a positive inotropic effect on the frog heart. In voltage-clamp
      experiments, prostaglandin E1 increases both, the slow inward current and the
      delayed outward as well as the two components of the heart contraction. These
      results imply that calcium influx and the release of intracellular calcium are
      involved in the inotropic action of prostaglandin E1.

PMID- 1086462
TI  - Retrospective outcome audit.

PMID- 1086463
TI  - [Myasthenia. Recent immunological data].

PMID- 1086464
TI  - [Gangrenous cholecystitis during traumatic hemobilia].

PMID- 1086465
TI  - The medical records officer.

PMID- 1086466
TI  - [Haemophilus influenzae infections in patients with chronic bronchitis in the
      light of serum immunoelectrophoresis and bacteriological sputum examination].

PMID- 1086467
TI  - [Alpha 1-antitrypsin serum levels in patients with chronic non-specific
      respiratory diseases].

PMID- 1086468
TI  - [Role of rosette test in studies of atopy].

PMID- 1086469
TI  - [Rare thrombo-hemorrhagic complications in erythrema vera].

PMID- 1086470
TI  - The genetics of alpha-1-antitrypsin and its implications.

PMID- 1086471
TI  - [Life-threathening tracheal obstruction following intubation in a case of
      Willebrand-Jurgens disease].
AB  - A case of severe dyspnoea is reported which occurred in a 21-years-old woman with
      Willebrand-Jurgens disease four days after intubation during a dental operation.
      A 34 Charriere catheter was introduced into the glottis after a 22 Charriere
      catheter had failed to pass the obstruction. The patient was then artificially
      ventilated by means of a Spiromat and was subsequently tracheotomized after her
      cardio-pulmonary condition had become stabilized. The cause of the dyspnoea was a
      fibrin clot of 5-6 cm length. Three weeks after the tracheotomy and one week
      after extubation the patient was discharged from hospital in a satisfactory
      condition. The factors responsible for the development of the fibrin clot are
      discussed. If there is persistent stridor and aphonia after extubation a
      laryngologist should be consulted.

PMID- 1086472
TI  - [Early congenital syphilis (report of two cases) 1st part (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086473
TI  - [Early detection of tuberculosis in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1086474
TI  - Transcutaneous neurostimulation.

PMID- 1086475
TI  - Evidence for the lack of feedback regulation of gene activity and for the absence
      of subunit exchange between lactate dehydrogenase tetramers in vivo.
AB  - Frog and rat lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, L-lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC
      1.1.1.27) isozymes, highly purfied by affinity chromatography, were injected into
      newly fertilized from (Rana pipiens) eggs to study the effect of the injected
      isozymes on the expression of the LDH genes of the developing frog embryo. From
      these experiments three conclusions can be drawn: (i) homologous and heterologous
      LDH, even when present in more than twice the normal amount of LDH, does not play
      any role in the switching on or off of the frog LDH genes or in regulating the
      level of gene activity. No evidence was found in support of any feedback
      regulation of LDH synthesis by the LDH molecule itself. (ii) Injected rat LDH is
      very stable in the frog embryo, and the contrary to what can be demonstrated in
      vitro, all the isozymes show the same stability. No evidence was found for
      selective degradation of any of the injected five isozymes. (iii) The fact that
      the injected isozymes disappear 12 days after the injection without forming
      hybrid molecules between themselves or with the stored or newly synthesized frog
      LDH is evidence in favor of the hypothesis that the tetramer is the degradative
      unit of LDH, not the monomer as others have postulated. The LDH tetramers do not
      dissociate the recombine under the physiological conditions present in frog
      cells.

PMID- 1086476
TI  - Cells that express viral antigens but lack H-2 determinants are not lysed by
      immune thymus-derived lymphocytes but are lysed by other antiviral immune attack
      mechanisms.
AB  - Murine F9 teratoma cells do not express major transplantation antigens detectable
      by either serologic or alloreactive assays of thymus-dependent lymphocytes (T
      cells). Such cells can be infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus or
      vaccinia virus, do express viral antigens on the cell surface, and can release
      infectious virus in amounts equivalent to those of other H-2 bearing murine cell
      lines. Immunologic injury of virus-infected F9 cells occurs after the addition of
      specific antiviral antibody and complement or of specific antiviral antibody and
      unsensitized lymphoid cells (antibody-mediated cell-dependent killing). In
      contrast, injury does not follow the addition of immune cytotoxic T cells. These
      results indicate that possession of H-2 antigens is not a requirement for a
      cell's infection by or production of virus. Further, expression of viral antigens
      on the cell's surface, although adequate for antibody-mediated immune injury, is
      by itself insufficient for direct T cell-mediated lysis. The major
      transplantation antigens thus probably represent the cell surface structures that
      are crucial for T-mediated cell wall damage that results in chromium release.

PMID- 1086477
TI  - Chemotherapy of osteosarcoma [proceedings].

PMID- 1086478
TI  - Studies on insulin action. V. Structural requirements of primers for subsequent
      accumulation of D-glucose at 0 degrees C in insulinized frog muscles.
AB  - Systematic analysis was made of structural requirements for possible priming
      action of D-glucose and 40 related compounds in the presence of insulin to
      enhance subsequent labeled D-glucose uptake at 0 degrees C. It was concluded that
      a major portion if not all of the H-bonding groups on the D-glucose molecules are
      involved although their relative importance varies. Free OH and H on C-1, and
      upward orientation of OH and downward orientation of H on C-3, are the most
      important. Orientation of OH, H, and CH2OH on C-2, C-4, and C-5 are also
      important, but their perturbations are not nearly as detrimental to the priming
      action as those on C-1 and C-3.

PMID- 1086479
TI  - Changes in membrane receptors of B and T human lymphocytes exposed to 60Co gamma
      rays.

PMID- 1086480
TI  - [Creatine in serum of selected clinical cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086481
TI  - [The 30th World Medical Assembly and the simultaneous congresses].

PMID- 1086482
TI  - [Crohn's disease of the colon: evolutive study on 15 patients].

PMID- 1086483
TI  - [Penoscrotal hemangioma].

PMID- 1086484
TI  - [Cerebral scintillography in the diagnosis of tumors].

PMID- 1086485
TI  - [Peripheral circulatory failure secondary to arteriovenous fistula for
      hemodialysis].

PMID- 1086486
TI  - [Toxicity of vincristine].

PMID- 1086487
TI  - [Scintillographic diagnosis].

PMID- 1086488
TI  - [Current needs in Brazil in the teaching of rehabilitation].

PMID- 1086489
TI  - [Congenital unstable hip and atypical coxafemoral articulation click in newborn
      infants of a Brazilian population].

PMID- 1086490
TI  - [Epidemiologic aspects of the Brazilian pemphigus foliaceus. Preliminary
      results].

PMID- 1086491
TI  - [T and B lymphocytes in South American pemphigus foliaceus].

PMID- 1086492
TI  - [Histopathological aspects of the liver of rats subjected to subtotal jejunoileal
      resection].

PMID- 1086493
TI  - [Technical inovations in the surgery of varicose veins taking in consideration
      esthetic results].

PMID- 1086494
TI  - [Hemorrhoidectomy associated to internal sphincterectomy. Analysis of results].

PMID- 1086495
TI  - [Prognostic and diagnostic value of ultrasonic pictures in the 2nd half of
      pregnancy].

PMID- 1086496
TI  - [Hemangiolymphoma of the rectum].

PMID- 1086497
TI  - [Atypical fibroxanthoma (pseudosarcomatous dermatogibroma)].

PMID- 1086498
TI  - [Histiocytosis X: mother-infant leukocyte chimerism?].

PMID- 1086499
TI  - [Regional intravenous administration of hydrocrotisone in the treatment of the
      rheumatoid hand. II. Results].

PMID- 1086500
TI  - [Arterial spasm as a cause of acute coronary failure. Consideration on a case].

PMID- 1086501
TI  - [Current place of hemorrhagic rectocolitis in intestinal pathology].
AB  - Rectocolitis remains, at the present time, in spite of the large amount of work
      carried out, a condition of which the cause and the physiopathological mechanism
      are unknown: none of the theories proposed has been confirmed by the facts; none
      has made it possible to propose an effective therapeutic regimen. The diagnosis
      of haemorrhagic rectocolitis rests solely on an assembly of clinical,
      radiological, and anatomological findings, together with findings on progress of
      the disease; none of these findings taken separately being pathognomonic. Because
      of this it is essential in cases of inflammatory colic disorders to analyse
      critically these different elements before affirming the diagnosis that is often
      arrived at too easily. Different affections, even apart from Crohn's disease
      (parasitic, microbial, and iatrogenic affections, etc) may, in fact, give rise to
      radiological and clinical pictures close to those of haemorrhagic rectocolitis.

PMID- 1086502
TI  - [A case of hemorrhagic rectocolitis associated with chronic atrophic
      polychondritis].

PMID- 1086503
TI  - [Rheumatic manifestations of Crohn's disease. A national survey].
AB  - The authors analyse the results of a national survey, by questionnaire, in which
      44 rheumatologists participated: the 102 cases of Crohn's disease discovered are
      divided as follow - 47 cases of peripheral rheumatism, and 55 cases of axial
      rheumatism, spondylarthritis and sacro-ileitis. The cases of peripheral
      rheumatism were closely related to the enteritis: appearing after the first
      digestive symptoms, they follow closely the development of, and recede with
      intestinal resection of the lesion; mono, oligo, or polyarticular, they develop
      in brief episodes, in an immune context and are only one symptom among the others
      of Crohn's disease. In contrast, preceding or following the first digestive
      symptoms, pelvispondylitis (34 cases) developed quite independently of the
      enteritis and was modified neither by medical treatment nor surgical treatment;
      these cases were characterized by equal distribution between the two sexes,
      inconstancy of syndesmosis, and frequent peripheral involvement. As regards the
      cases of sacro-ileitis, whether discovered by chance or because of rachialgia and
      arthralgia, these appear to be similar to the cases of pelvispondylitis and their
      appearance is probably conditioned by a polygenic transmission factor different
      from the HL-A B 27 marker.

PMID- 1086504
TI  - [Dysenteric rheumatism. What remains in 1976?].
AB  - Joint manifestations that occur during or after an episode of dysentery, grouped
      under the name of dysenteric rheumatism, have been known since antiquity, and
      have been mainly found in military circles, in camps, or during military
      campaigns. After reviewing the principal epidemics of rheumatism complicated by
      joint manifestations, the authors show that the only different feature about what
      is called dysenteric rheumatism is the particular character of the joint
      manifestations which may be isolated or associated with other manifestations,
      notably ocular or urethral, forming then what is called the Fiessinger-Leroy
      Reiter syndrome. The role of the dysentery bacillus in the genesis of the joint
      lesions is not clear. Although it may been suspected on the basis of
      epidemiological or bacteriological arguments in some cases, it has never been
      formally demonstrated and is often non-existent. The term dysenteric rheumatism
      is too restrictive and should henceforth be abandoned.

PMID- 1086505
TI  - Passage of barium meal through esophagus in patients with balloon tamponade of
      esophageal varices.
AB  - Four patients in different states of consciousness in treatment with Sengstaken
      Blakemore tube were given a barium meal. In every case the contrast medium passed
      the balloons and was cleared from the upper esophagus in less than four minutes,
      and none of it was aspirated to the bronchi.

PMID- 1086506
TI  - Antibody-dependent lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity. The nature of the effector
      cell and characterization of its fc receptor.
AB  - The effector cell in abtibody-dependent lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (ADLMC)
      have been studied. The cells do not adhere to glass and bear Fc receptors
      independent of surface Ig and complement receptors. Whereas monocytes have IgG1
      and Ig G3 Fc receptors, these Fc receptor lymphocytes appear to have receptors
      for aggregates of all four IgG subclasses.

PMID- 1086507
TI  - Prolonged treatment with tolfenamic acid in inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
AB  - The aim of this study was in the first place to elucidate the tolerance of
      rheumatic patients to prolonged treatment with tolfenamic acid. 91 patients took
      part in the trial, most of them suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The daily
      dose of tolfenamic acid was 600 mg and the trial lasted 6 months. The side
      effects were usually slight: diarrhea occurred in 8, other gastrointestinal
      disturbances in 11, dysuria in 8 and other side-effects in 3 cases. Six patients
      broke off their treatment because of side-effects ascribed to tolfenamic acid.
      However, laboratory tests failed to show any significant changes caused by this
      drug. One case of reversible thrombopenia was seen in a patient who had also
      received gold treatment. On the whole, the clinical effect was found to be good,
      and tolfenamic acid appeared to be well suited for long-term symptomatic
      treatment of rheumatics.

PMID- 1086508
TI  - Haemophilus from the lower respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Fifty-six non-haemolytic Haemophilus strains were isolated during current
      bacteriological examinations from material from the lower respiratory tract of 39
      patients with cystic fibrosis during a 6-month period. Except for six strains
      which belonged to Haemophilus parainfluenzae, all strains were identified as
      Haemophilus influenzae. Biotype I of H. influenzae was the predominating taxon
      (38%) and was especially related to patients with recurrent or prolonged
      colonization. Only two strains were capsulated. An unexpectedly high percentage
      of the strains produced lysine decarboxylase. The significance of this property
      in the pathogenesis of the respiratory tract colonization is discussed.

PMID- 1086509
TI  - Lymphocyte mobilization in response to physical work in sarcoidosis. Influence on
      lymphocyte subpopulations, DNA synthesis and cytotoxicity.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes of nine patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis were
      collected before and after a standardized bicycle ergometer test. The lymphocytes
      were characterized by various cell surface markers as T or B lymphocytes, and
      functionally by mitogen- or antigen-induced DNA synthesis and by antibody
      dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Physical work resulted in an increase of
      circulating lymphocytes. Proportionately more B lymphocytes were mobilized. The
      DNA synthesis of lymphocytes in response to mitogens and antigen was reduced,
      whereas the cytotoxicity was augmented. Compared with normals the mobilization of
      lymphocytes was less, and a deficiency of both T and B lymphocytes was revealed.
      The functional impairment of lymphocytes in the patient group persisted.

PMID- 1086510
TI  - Photoreceptor shedding is initiated by light in the frog retina.
AB  - Frogs maintained on a diurnal light-dark cycle (14 hours light and 10 hours
      darkness) shed their rod photoreceptor outer segment tips shortly after the onset
      of light. Shedding is synchronous and occurs in about 25 percent of the rod
      photoreceptors each day. Prolonged exposure to total darkness decreases the
      amount of shedding, after which exposure to light results in a large burst of
      synchronous shedding. Thus in the frog retina, the synchronous shedding of rod
      outer segment tips is shown to be directly related to light stimulation.

PMID- 1086511
TI  - Modification of blood flow to the extremities by electrical stimulation of the
      nervous system.
AB  - Sixteen patients who had electrical stimulation applied to various portions of
      the nervous system were examined for increase in blood flow to the extremities.
      Clinical observations and a one-channel plethysmograph were used to measure
      arterial dilatation. Seven patients had transcutaneous stimulation applied over
      the cervical or thoracic spinal cord, peripheral nerves, or low lumbar region;
      eight had electrical stimulators implanted over the spinal cord in attempts to
      relieve intractable pain or some of the symptoms of multiple sclerosis; and one
      patient had electrical stimulators implanted over the C-6 dorsal roots for small
      artery disease of the upper extremities. Twelve of 13 patients who had electrical
      stimulation applied to the spinal cord or dorsal roots had significant arterial
      dilatation in one or more extremities. Electrical stimulation applied to the
      ulnar nerves did cause arterial dilatation. One patient did not show any change
      in the central arterial pressure curve during transcutaneous stimulation of the
      cervical spinal cord.

PMID- 1086512
TI  - [State of health of adults having undergone active primary tuberculosis in
      childhood].

PMID- 1086513
TI  - [State of T- and B-systems of immunity in patients with chronic pneumonia].

PMID- 1086514
TI  - Cellular immunity to herpes simplex infection in humans.
AB  - A comparison of lymphocyte interferon production and transformation as in vitro
      parameters of cellular immunity to herpes simplex in humans in different types of
      mononuclear cell cultures is reported. Mononuclear cells were purified on Ficoll
      Hypaque gradients and nylon fiber columns (purified T lymphocytes). Reactivity
      was then compared to that observed in autochthonous macrophage-lymphocyte
      cultures. The quantity and type (I or II) of interferon, as well as the magnitude
      of the transformation response, is affected by the type of cell culture used for
      assay. The kinetics of lymphocyte reactivity in doners studied within 12 weeks
      after disease were compared to those occurring at greater than 12 weeks after
      disease and in seronegative donors. The observed kinetics were variable according
      to the methods used to prepare mononuclear cells for culture.

PMID- 1086515
TI  - The clinical investigation of vestibular disease.

PMID- 1086516
TI  - Alpha-I-antitrypsin phenotypes in adult hepatic cirrhosis.

PMID- 1086517
TI  - Interaction of ristocetin and von Willebrand factor.

PMID- 1086518
TI  - [HLA and illness].

PMID- 1086519
TI  - [Follow up study of patients operated on metastases of the lung and pleura
      (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1956 til 1974, 1851 patients have been operated on a malignancy of the lung.
      29 of them had a solitary lung metastasis and 2 of them a metastasis of the
      pleura. Among those, the primary malignancies showed the following frequency: 7
      malignancies of the uterus, 7 sarcomas, 4 carcinomas of the breast, 4 carcinomas
      of the large bowel, 4 malignant goiters, 3 hypernephromas, 1 seminoma and 1
      malignancy of the pancreas. The mean survival time was 3.3 years. 25.8% of the
      patients survived 5 years. Patients with a primary malignancy of the uterus
      appear to do best. In case of repeated metastases we did not operate upon again.

PMID- 1086520
TI  - [Resection for pulmonary metastases: results and prognosis (author's transl)].
AB  - From 1955 to 1975 in 25 patients lung surgery has been carried out because of
      intrapulmonary metastases of extrapulmonary malignant growth. 6 patients survived
      longer than 5 years. There was no relationship between survival time and length
      of the time interval between initial surgery (primary) and second operation (i.e.
      diagnosis of pulmonary lesion). On the other hand a definite relationship
      resulted for survival time and the size of the growth. In bad-risk patients
      surgery for metastatic lung cancer is not indicated, but it is very successful in
      selected cases.

PMID- 1086521
TI  - [Results after surgical treatment of solitary metastasis of the lung (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The surgery of solitary metastasis of the lung has special ranges of indication
      which refer to pathomorphology, cardiorespiratory and oncological programming. By
      systematical selection the own material of 45 cases shows a two year survival
      time of 33% and a five year of 11%. Last results with survival rate are similar
      to the treatment of the bronchus carcinoma of all stages and are further
      justifying this therapeutical consequence.

PMID- 1086522
TI  - [Early experiences with arterial heterografts (author's transl)].
AB  - Since April 1975 we used 50 bovine arterial heterografts for reconstructive
      surgery after chronic arterial occlusions or for the production of AV-shunts
      needed for chronic dialysis. In none of the cases incompatibility was seen. The
      early results (with a follow-up period of 6-10 months) after femoro-popliteal
      bypass were excellent, as far as a good peripheral run off was present. Several
      shunts (n = 7) containing 2-3 transplants, are still functioning 3-10 months
      after implantation. At present, we use bovine transplants in reconstructive
      vessel surgery when a thrombendarterectomy or the connection of venous grafts is
      impossible or when the operative procedure should be kept short in high-risk
      patients. To produce AV-shunts in patients with renal insufficiency we prefer
      this type of grafts when all conventional techniques were already used.

PMID- 1086523
TI  - [Early and late complications due to direct and indirect aortic-isthmus-Plastic
      (author's transl)].
AB  - During the last 20 years 156 patients underwent a direct and indirect aortic
      isthmus-plastic. Early complications occurred in 7.6%. 5 patients developed an
      aneurysm in the area of isthmus-plastic. The mortality rare was 4.5%. There was
      no evidence of recurrent coarctation in a group of children and in adult
      patients. The indirect aortic-isthmus-plastic first described by Vosschulte
      represents an elegant surgical method of functionally reestablishing the aortic
      lumen by retaining the posterior wall for further growth potential. This
      technique can be performed with a low mortality rate and no recurrent coarctation
      of the aorta.

PMID- 1086524
TI  - [Open-heart surgery during deep hypothermia in infancy].
AB  - A total of 47 infants (2,7 to 9,6 kg in weight, 3 days to 21 months of age, 89%
      under one year) underwent early total correction of severe congenital heart
      defects in profound hypothermia of about 22degreesC and circulatory arrest (11 to
      64 minutes). 8 patients were operated upon without extracorporeal circulation
      (ECC) (mortality 63%). 37 infants were additionally cooled and rewarmed with ECC
      (mortality 22%). The most common diagnosis were: Total atrioventricular canal
      (11), aortic stenosis with and without combined lesions (8), tetralogy of Fallot
      (7), ventricular septum defect (7) and transposition of the great arteries (4).

PMID- 1086525
TI  - [Surgical considerations on levo-atrial systemic vein (author's transl)].
AB  - The levo-atrial systemic vein is a special type of persistent left superior vena
      cava and is associated with other intracardiac lesions most often.
      Hemodynamically there is a right to left shunt. The operative procedure may
      consist in a ligature in relation to the anatomic situation. The intraatrial
      correction intends a drainage to the right atrium. Of 7 cases four times a
      intracardiac rerouting was achieved but two times a ligation was performed.

PMID- 1086526
TI  - [Obstruction of the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava: morphological
      characteristics and surgical treatment (author's transl)].
AB  - Operable obstructions of the hepatic portion of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are
      rare but probably diagnosed more frequently nowadays. Since 1969 we operated 2
      patients, one of them twice. Concerning to these cases the problems of diagnosis,
      morphology and surgical treatment are discussed. In the patient, who were
      operated twice, we found the combination - which has not been reported in medical
      literature yet - of a membranous stenosis of the hepatic portion of the IVC and a
      large Eustachian valve obstructing the IVC.

PMID- 1086527
TI  - [Some somatic and psychological predictors of psychopathological disorders after
      cardiac surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - Some new predictors of postoperative psychosis in open-heart surgery have been
      identified in a multifactorial study of somatic and psychological factors:
      Somatic predictors are lower body weight, higher blood levels of urea nitrogen
      and creatinine, preoperative use of tranquilizers, especially in patients with
      double valve replacement or congenital heart disease and preoperative cerebral
      embolism in mitral valve disease. Bypass-time has not proved to be a valid
      predictor. Psychological predictors are distress provoked by severity and
      duration of illness, repeated delay of surgery as well as the manner of
      psychological coping with the illness.

PMID- 1086528
TI  - [Performance of the Lillehei-Kaster-prosthesis. A critical haemodynamic study
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 11 patients were studied 6 to 12 months after aortic valve replacement with
      Lillehei-Kaster-prosthesis (LKP). We found pressure gradients (deltaP) at rest of
      31 mmHg (7 to 52 mmHg), 37 mmHg (8 to 69 mmHg during exercise and 8 mmHg during
      ventricular pacing delta P was influenced by stroke volume and valve size, but
      not by the width of the aorta. The opening angle alpha of the disc was only
      62degrees and depended on stroke volume and on the orientation of the value
      within the aorta. The blood passed the valve ring only through the larger part of
      the orifice, the opening area was only 50% of the given area. Thus in practice
      the LKP does not perform to manufacturers specification.

PMID- 1086529
TI  - [The Lillehei-Kaster valve prosthesis hemodynamic and mechanic features in vivo
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 29 patients with Lillehei-Kaster vale prostheses, 22 in aortic position and 7 in
      mitral position, were examined. With small aortic valves (A 14 - A 16) mean
      gradients averaged 32 mm Hg, valve area varied between 1 and 1.2 cm2. Only size A
      20 and larger showed satisfying gradient and valve areas of 1.9 cm2 and greater.
      The mitral gradients averaged between 10 and 5 mm Hg according to size and valve
      areas were about 1.6 cm2. The maximal measured opening angle of the pivoting disk
      averaged 64degrees in the aortic valves and 61degrees in the mitral valves;
      complete opening (80degrees) was not observed.

PMID- 1086530
TI  - [Clinical and hemodynamic evaluation on the functional performance of the Starr
      Edwards low profile valve prosthese in mitral position (author's transl)].
AB  - 205 patients with isolated mitral valve replacement using the Starr-Edwards low
      profile valve prostheses (model 6520 and 6550) were followed 3 to 67 months (mean
      of 30,4 months) after surgery. While these prostheses seems to reliable
      substitutes with regard to functional performance and to mechanical dysfunction,
      postoperative hemodynamic investigation revealed significant diastolic pressure
      gradients across the valve as well as reduction in functional mitral valve area
      relative to pulse and stroke volume. The incidence of thromboembolism was
      comparable to other artificial valves.

PMID- 1086531
TI  - [Hemodynamic studies after the implantation of Hancock-heart valves (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Velocity profile, pressure gradient across the valve and blood flow have been
      measured in 10 patients after the implantation of bioprostheses of the sizes 27
      and 29 millimeters in aortic position. According to these hemodynamic
      measurements the use of bioprostheses for the aortic valve replacement is
      recommendable. The low flow velocities in the area of the muscle containing valve
      cusp did not effect a detectable stenosis intraoperatively under the conditions
      of rest. The hemodynamic data showed no differences between the Hancock-Zuhdi and
      the Edwards-Carpentier bioprostheses. Despite of good hemodynamic conditions and
      a low risk of thromboembolic complications after the aortic valve replacement
      with bioprostheses reservation is recommended to its clinical use until the long
      term mechanical stability (more than 6 years) of the biological heart valve
      prosthesis has been secured.

PMID- 1086532
TI  - [Intraventricular conduit for complex forms of transposition of great vessels
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Complex forms of transposition of great vessels necessitate different approaches
      to correction. In a case of double outlet right ventricle with d-transposition
      and atrioventricular concordance and a subvalvular pulmonary stenosis an
      intraventricular conduit with a 16 mm Dacron vascular prosthesis was used. This
      was anastomosed in an acute angular manner with the muscular margins of the VSD
      and routed to the base of the aorta. Surgical and anatomic implications are
      discussed.

PMID- 1086533
TI  - [A new method for patch enlargement of hypoplastic aortic annulus. An
      experimental study (author's transl)].
AB  - The purpose of this communication is to propose a new surgical procedure to
      enlarge the hypoplastic aortic valve ring of more than 20 mm and to permit the
      replacement of the aortic valve with a suitable prosthesis. The aortic incision
      is extended about 20 mm across the fibrous origin of the mitral ring downwards
      into the aortic leaflet of the mitral valve. A fusiform Dacron patch was sutured
      to the defect in the aortic leaflet of the mitral valve with running suture
      lines. In acute experiments mitral valve abnormalities are excluded by
      hemodynamic data, angiocardiography and echocardiography.

PMID- 1086534
TI  - The effects of folic or folinic acid on the toxicity of 4,6-diamino-1,2-dihydro
      2,2-dimethyl-1-(3,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-1,3,5-triazine hydrochloride, an
      antifolate, in dogs.

PMID- 1086535
TI  - Recurrent corneal erosions.

PMID- 1086536
TI  - Bell's palsy: vestibular aspects.

PMID- 1086537
TI  - Presence of antigen-antibody complexes in antiallogeneic and antixenogeneic sera.
AB  - Antilymphocyte sera (ALS), either allogeneic (for example, Lewis anti-August rat
      serum) or xenogeneic (the classic ALS), may retain the antigen used for the
      immunization of the animal producing the serum in the form of antigen-antibody
      complexes, at least when the animal is bled within the first 2 weeks following
      the last immunizing injection. Evidence for this has been obtained in vivo and in
      vitro. In vivo experiments showed that injection of Lewis anti-August serum to a
      normal Lewis rat can induce a delayed active immunization against the August
      strain. In vitro studies proved the presence of August antigens in the anti
      August sera, by precipitation of the antigen-antibody complexes with 6 M urea,
      removal of the antibody by filtration, and demonstration that the filtrate
      specifically inhibits complement-dependent cytotoxicity of anti-August
      antibodies. The interpretation of a number of previous works on so-called passive
      enhancement of grafts or on various effects of ALS may have to be reconsidered on
      the basis of these findings.

PMID- 1086538
TI  - Transition from T cell protection to T cell enhancement during tumor growth in an
      allogeneic host.
AB  - The cell-mediated immune response of mice toward a lethal allogeneic tumor was
      investigated during tumor development. The activity of spleen cells from the
      tumor-bearing mice was studied by transferring them together with 3LL tumor cells
      into normal C3H/eb recipient mice. The activity depended upon the time interval
      between inoculation of the tumor and transfer. Spleen cells taken relatively
      early, 1 week after tumor inoculation, mediated protection against tumor growth.
      In contrast, spleen cells taken 4 weeks after tumor inoculation markedly enhanced
      tumor growth. The tumor-enhancing cells, like the tumor-protecting cells,
      appeared to be T lymphocytes. The enhancing activity could be transferred by
      extra cellular medium prepared by incubating the enhancing T cells. Protecting
      activity could not be transferred by cell-free medium prepared from the
      protecting T cells. Both activities were found to exist to a relatively slight
      degree in populations of spleen cells from normal mice. The transition from T
      cell protection to T cell enhancement might be a determining factor in the
      outcome of the host-tumor relationship.

PMID- 1086539
TI  - Antibody-dependent lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (Ab-LMC), definition of the
      "K cell" in the rat.
AB  - The nature and membrane characteristics of the "K cell" of antibody-dependent
      lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (Ab-LMC) were investigated in a widely used rat
      model of transplantation. Treatment of sensitized effector cell populations with
      anti-immunoglobulin and complement eliminated K cell cytotoxicity without
      diminishing the component of T cell-mediated injury. EA and EAC depletion
      experiments, although demonstrating no loss of K cell cytotoxicity after removal
      of complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes, produced a marked abrogation of
      cytotoxicity following the removal of the Fc receptor-bearing lymphocyte pool.
      Studies on phagocytic properties showed K cell activity to be shared by an
      adherent as well as a nonadherent cell population. Thus, the Fc receptor emerged
      as the only constant surface marker of the rat K cell in Ab-LMC.

PMID- 1086540
TI  - Immunogenetic identification of functional T-cell subsets.

PMID- 1086541
TI  - [Factors affecting non-return to work in heart patients surgically treated].

PMID- 1086542
TI  - [Return to work after aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1086543
TI  - Health characteristics of persons with chronic activity limitation; United States
      1974.

PMID- 1086544
TI  - Utilization of short-stay hospitals. Summary of nonmedical statistics, United
      States-1973.

PMID- 1086545
TI  - [Anti-i antibody in the course of malignant lymphoma].

PMID- 1086546
TI  - [Significance of changesin the topography of the superior cerebellar artery in
      the angiographic diagnosis of tumors of the posterior cranial fossa (II)].
AB  - Typical shifts of the superior cerebellar artery and its segments were studied in
      67 vertebral angiogrammes showing 33 acoustic neurinomas, 7 meningiomas of the
      cerebellopontile angle, 13 cerebellar hemispheres tumours, 10 pontile tumours and
      4 meningiomas of the free margin of the tentorium. The rationale of accounting
      for the angiographic symptom complexes typical for acoustic neurinomas with
      varying directions of growth were singled out.

PMID- 1086547
TI  - [Changes in the biochemical and immunological properties of immunocompetent cells
      in patients with rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1086548
TI  - [Anti-IgG immunoglobulins of the IgG, IgA and IgM types in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1086549
TI  - [Histiocytosis X with prominent intestinal symptoms in a 13-month-old infant].

PMID- 1086550
TI  - [Emergency endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given of 135 panendoscopic examinations in acute upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding. The importance of endoscopy is underlined by the high
      incidence of erosions and potential bleeding sources, since these lesions are not
      detected by radiological examination. Nor is it possible by means of X-rays to
      distinguish actual sources of haemorrhage from potential sources. The case
      history is only of limited value in pin-pointing the source of the haemorrhage.
      Endoscopy yields the best results in the diagnosis of the cause of
      gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1086551
TI  - [The laboratory diagnosis of von Willebrand's disease (author's transl)].
AB  - This investigation was undertaken in order to determine the most suitable methods
      for diagnosing von Willebrand's disease (v. W. d.), with particular reference to
      "mild" cases. 50 healthy persons, 21 patients with "severe" v.W.d. (verified
      according to all hitherto-established criteria) and 39 persons suffering from
      "mild" v.W.d. were examined. Even though - as far as the latter group is
      concerned - some of the characteristic laboratory findings were absent, the fact
      that these persons are related to the patients with "severe" v.W.d. made
      verification of the diagnosis nevertheless possible. In the group with "mild"
      v.W.d. 85% had decreased functional factor VIII activity and 82% showed reduced
      platelet adhesiveness; a prolonged bleeding time according to Borchgrevink was
      recorded in 72% of the cases and 64% had pathological values for the Ristocetin
      induced platelet aggregation were pathological in less than 50% of the group.
      There was a close relation between the diagnostic significance and
      reproducibility of the various methods; in regard to the group of patients with
      "mild" v.W.d., the methods yielding the greatest number of pathological findings
      (functional factor VIII and platelet adhesiveness) were the ones with the lowest
      variation coefficients, i.e. 3.1 and 2.1%, respectively. The consideration of a
      time-dependent rise in the aggregation capability of washed platelets with
      Ristocetin was of decisive importance in the reproducibility of the rather
      sophisticated technique of determining the Ristocetin cofactor. The addition of
      EDTA largely inhabited this effect. Even in the group of patients with "severe"
      v.W.d., part of the findings obtained with screening tests of the intrinsic
      coagulation system remained within the normal range. There was no statistical
      correlation between the individual laboratory findings in the group of healthy
      persons. In the group with "mild" v.W.d., there was a significant correlation
      between platelet adhesiveness and Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation on the
      one hand, and platelet adhesiveness and the Ristocetin cofactor on the other. In
      addition, a verified correlation was found to exist between Ristocetin-induced
      platelet aggregation and Ristocetin cofactor and between functional factor VIII
      and factor VIII-related antigen. In the group of "severe" v.W.d., only platelet
      adhesiveness and functional factor VIII were not significantly correlated, whilst
      all other correlations were of statistical significance. Further problems
      involved in the diagnosis of v.W.d., such as the variablility of laboratory
      findings, the existence of subgroups, as well as the difficulties involved in the
      statistical evaluation of individual cases suffering from v.W.d. are discussed.

PMID- 1086552
TI  - [Alpha-1-antitrypsin in children with glomerular diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - Alpha-1-antitrypsin was determined in children with glomerular diseases by means
      of a quantitative radial immunodiffusion method. The concentration of this
      inhibiting protein has been found to be very low during relapses. An attempt has
      been made to correlate this finding with the clinical picture and the presumed
      underlying pathological mechanism. The loss of this inhibitor due to proteinuria
      is one of the explanations, in concurrence with the findings of other authors.
      The second explanation lies in the consumption of the inhibitor protein as a
      consequence of the reaction with liberated proteolytic enzymes.

PMID- 1086553
TI  - [Possibilities of the immunological in vitro-diagnostic in nonspecific lung
      diseases (author's transl)].
AB  - Immunological in vitro-methods can be used in the improved diagnostic of
      nonspecific lung diseases. A short review is given about the recommended tests in
      the diagnostic of the four types of immunological reactions responsible for
      allergic disorders of the lungs (IgE-mediated immediate-reaction, cytotoxic
      reaction, Arthus-reaction and cell-mediated hypersensitivity), the alpha1
      antitrypsin deficiency and the immunological defence in the bronchial mucosa.

PMID- 1086554
TI  - [Effects of brain extract and hydrolysate on nerve tissue in vitro].
AB  - Explants of PNS and CNS of chick embryos or fetal rats were cultivated and
      brainhydrolysat cerebrolysin or a synthetic aminoacidsolution or a brain extrakt
      was applied to the cultures. Cerebrolysin exercised in vitro an effect, which is
      related to charge only trifling. The cerebrolysin effect is essential related to
      the concentration/medium. High concentration of cerebrolysin decreases the growth
      of nerve fibers. Migration of non-neuronal cells increases. A stimulation of
      nerve fibers growth resembling to NGF was not seen. The density of cells or
      number of cells/volume unit, rate of mitosis and phases of mitotic non-neuronal
      cells is changed by cerebrolysin. The effect of cerebrolysin in vitro is compared
      to the tested aminoacidsolution and brainextract resembling. NGF may be important
      selectiv for stimulation of the activity of sympathetic and sensoric ganglia.
      Brainextract and brainhydrolysat and aminoacidsolution influenced in vitro PNS-
      and CNS-tissue cultures.

PMID- 1086555
TI  - Microtubules in Pneumocystis carinii.

PMID- 1086556
TI  - [Stato-kinetic stability in basketball athletes and methods of purposely training
      it].

PMID- 1086557
TI  - [Significance of serum antibodies against dsDNA in the diagnosis of patients with
      systemic lupus erythematosus (proceedings)].

PMID- 1086558
TI  - [Quantitative determination of IgG antiglobulins in the serum of patients with
      chronic polyarthritis and other diseases (proceedings)].

PMID- 1086559
TI  - [The significance of the T-cell-mediated reaction in the defence against
      infection with Listeria monocytogenes (proceedings)].

PMID- 1086560
TI  - [Immunologically induced improvement of killing performance of peritoneal
      macrophages against Listeria monocytogenes in the mouse (proceedings)].

PMID- 1086561
TI  - [Light-dependent tetracycline transport in Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides
      (proceedings)].

PMID- 1086562
TI  - [Development of lymphocytosis in whooping cough (proceedings)].

PMID- 1086563
TI  - [Organization of the rhythmic activity of the spinal center motoneurons of the
      lymphatic hearts of Rana temporaria frogs].
AB  - Spontaneous rhythmic impulse discharges of motoneurons of spinal centers of the
      posterior lymphatic hearts have been recorded from the ventral roots of isolated
      spinal cord perfused by oxygenated Ringer's solution. Inhibition of the
      transmission in interneuronal synapses evoked by abolition of Ca ions from the
      external solution and by the addition to the latter of 1--4 mM EDTA was
      accompanied by the block of the spontaneous impulse activity. Blocking of
      rhythmic efferent discharges in the anterior roots was also observed after the
      addition to normal Ringer's solution of 10--30 mM MgCl2. Inhibition of the
      spontaneous activity by high Mg content in the perfusion fluid could be
      alleviated by the addition of 5--15 mM CaCl2 to this solution. Antidromic
      impulses in the ventral roots of the XI and X segments, evoked by rhythmic
      electrical stimulation of these roots, did not affect the intrinsic rhythm of
      motor discharges.

PMID- 1086564
TI  - [Comparison of the protein composition of the chromatins of several species of
      vertebrates].
AB  - Protein composition of chromatins from the liver of various Vertebrates (frog,
      turtle, hen and rat) has been compared by the immunological method of double
      diffusion in gel. It was shown that non-histone chromosomal proteins and histones
      exhibit evident species specificity.

PMID- 1086565
TI  - [Restoration of the behavioral reactions of Rana esculenta frogs during
      regeneration of visual nerve fibers].
AB  - After sectioning the optic nerve, various forms of visually guided behaviour in
      the frog R. esculenta recover unevenly. Within 16--20 days, the onset of
      reactions was observed which are associated with perception of relatively large
      unmoving objects during active locomotion of animals (1); within 55 days --
      avoidance reactions (2); within 90 days -- feeling reactions (3) were formed. In
      electrophysiological experiments it was shown that axons of the ganglionic
      retinal cells from various classes form contacts with the tectum also at
      different periods. The data obtained confirm the significance of specialized
      "canalization" of the retino--central nervous systems of transmission and
      evaluation of visual information for organization of separate forms of visually
      monitored behaviour in frogs.

PMID- 1086566
TI  - Trace elements in tissues of normal and vitamin D2-treated rats.
AB  - Comparative spectroscopic investigations were performed on 22 trace elements
      regarding their presence and quantitative relations in cartilages (costal
      cartilage, intervertebral disc) and in soft tissues most exposed to metastatic
      calcification (aorta, kidney) of normal, vitamin D2-treated and rachitic rats.
      The results revealed differences in concentration and distribution of trace
      elements between soft tissues and cartilages on the one hand, and untreated
      controls and vitamin D-treated rats on the other. On vitamin D treatment an
      increase in the Cr, Fe and Cu contents was noted in the soft tissues, whereas in
      cartilages a higher Zn content was shown. It is suggested that these trace
      elements may play an important role in the mechanism of calcification, some
      acting as challengers, others as adjuvants or inhibitors.

PMID- 1086567
TI  - [Radioimmunological demonstration of DNA-specific antibodies].
AB  - Using 125I chemically labelled denatured (d) and native (n) DNA, specifically
      binding antibodies were demonstrated in the sera of Lupus erythemathodes patients
      by means of the Farr technique. (NH4)2SO4 was used to separate the
      immunologically bound 125I-d-DNA. For 125I-n-DNA the use of a secondary antiserum
      for the precipitation of the primary immune complex is advantageous. The
      influence of antigen concentration upon the binding rate was studied. Titre
      determinations can be made with the proposed method.

PMID- 1086568
TI  - [L-carnitine as a basis of cholinomimetic substances].
AB  - Acetylcarnitine, though having the same configuration as acetylcholine and Acetyl
      beta-methylcholine, is devoid of cholinomimetic properties as long as the
      carboxylic group is free. Contrary findings are explainable by the lack of
      uniformity of the test substance, caused by substitution of the carboxylic group
      and intramolecular cleavage of water or acetic acid from carnitine or
      acetylcarnitine and by admixtures of active substances, and are attributable to
      the formation of metabolites in vivo. Already the recrystallization of salts of L
      acetylcarnitine and L-carnitine in alcohols causes the formation of active
      carboxylic esters. The latter can be separated and identified by t.l.c. from the
      starting substances. At the isolated frog heart (Rana esculenta), neither L
      carnitine nor L-acetylcarnitine have muscarine-like effects; higher
      concentrations of them (0.03-0.15 M) exert positively inotropic effects that
      increase with concentration and are qualitatively and quantitatively equal for L
      carnitine and lower O-acyl-L-carnitines. As betaine, L-carnitine affects the
      heart rate only at 42 +/- 12 mg/ml, crotonic acid betaine at 22 +/- 7 mg/ml,
      gamma-butyrobetaine at 15 +/- 8 mg/ml. As a result of carboxyl substitution of
      betaines, the cholinomimetic properties increase to the level of the stimulation
      system choline/acetylcholine. The LD50 of L-acetylcarnitine for mice injected
      s.c. with 8.4 (7.3-9.7) mg/g body weight is within the range of LD50 of L
      carnitine. Both substances, even when administered in high doses, give no such
      symptoms as cholinomimetic substances. Carnitine carboxyl ester, acetylcarnitine
      carboxyl ester, and other carnitine derivatives, on a molar basis, are 2-10(1) to
      2-10(3)-fold more toxic than carnitine and acetylcarnitine. The modes of action
      of carnitines and their metabolites upon the heart rate are discussed.

PMID- 1086569
TI  - Studies on column fractionation of immune cells. VI. Separation of thymus-derived
      lymphocytes by means of protein beads coated with antigen-antibody complexes.
AB  - Calf serum beads coated with antigen-antibody complexes were used as cellular
      immuno-adsorbents to separate mouse T-lymphocytes with a purity of more than 90%.
      The beads coated by means of glutaraldehyde could be used at least three times
      without loss of cell-binding capacity.

PMID- 1086570
TI  - Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of sheep erythrocyte-rosetting
      lymphoblasts in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 1086571
TI  - [Surface structure of human T and B lymphocytes forming rosettes with
      erythrocytes in scanning microscopy].
AB  - The authors tried to evaluate the surface of T and B cells in scanning
      microscope. The lymphocytes were isolated from the blood of healthy men and
      separated into T and B cells on the basis of rosette tests E and EAC. About 80%
      of T cells in type E rosettes showed marked bulgings of surface corresponding to
      numerous, densely crowded microvilli. The remaining 20% of lymphocytes T had more
      smooth surface. Difficulties were observed frequently in finding differences in
      the appearance of these cells in relation to lymphocytes B in type EAC rosettes
      whose surface was covered with minute bulgings corresponding to more delicate and
      less densely arranged microvilli. The differences in the structure of T and B
      cells after formation of E and EAC rosettes were not so evident that a decisive
      separation of both these cell populations on morphological basis would be
      possible.

PMID- 1086572
TI  - [Severe hypercalcemia due to voluntary and dissimulated vitamine D2 poisoning].

PMID- 1086573
TI  - [Abnormalities in primary hemostasis during diabetic microangiopathy].

PMID- 1086574
TI  - May Trichomonas vaginalis provoke conjunctivitis?
AB  - In the world literature we have found descriptions of five cases of Trichomonas
      vaginalis in the conjunctiva. Conjunctival swabs taken from 122 patients with
      conjunctivitis or keratitis revealed no flagellate micro-organisms on phase
      contrast microscopy and culture. Neither did conjunctival swabs from 272 newborn
      infants, in spite of the fact that 3.7 per cent of their mothers had Trichomonas
      in the vagina. Trichomonas vaginalis is hardly likely to be responsible for
      conjunctivitis.

PMID- 1086575
TI  - Examination of colour vision by use of induced contrast colours. Design of a new
      series of tissue paper contrast tests.
AB  - The ability to induce contrast colours is evident in normal persons by the tissue
      paper contrast principle. However, tests of good quality are not easily
      available. The design of a new series of charts follows two principles: 1)
      Selection of background hues in accordance with the maximally desaturated regions
      of the spectrum as seen by the colour defectives. 2) Exact adjustment of the
      neutral test field (constituted by the chart figures) in order to eliminate any
      false clue due to brightness contrasts. By introducing chart figures of
      alternative grey values appropriate tests can be attained for each type of colour
      vision defect. 37 persons with congenital colour defect and 15 persons with
      acquired defects were examined. The charts, according to the criteria for
      selection, proved to be selective in their screening efficiency.

PMID- 1086576
TI  - Immunodeficiency syndromes with otorhinolaryngological manifestations.
AB  - Among patients with recurrent, protracted or chronic infections of the
      respiratory tract involving the middle ear, 18 were found to have
      immunodeficiencies. In 10 of the patients, deficiency of immunoglobulins
      belonging to the IgG, IgA and IgM classes was found. Seven patients had an
      isolated IgA deficiency. One patient had a combined immunodeficiency with defects
      of the T-cell system and the B-cell system. One patient had an isolated T-cell
      deficiency.

PMID- 1086577
TI  - The immunological function of the adenoid. The proportions of T and B cells.
AB  - The proportions of T and B cells in lymphocyte suspensions prepared from
      peripheral blood and adenoids from children undergoing adenoidectomy were
      determined, using Ig fluorescence and E rosetting techniques. The proportion of B
      cells is higher in the adenoid than in the blood, and the proportion of T cells
      is correspondingly lower. Preliminary results of stimulations of adenoid
      lymphocytes by antural antigens, such as N. catarrhalis, indicate that both
      mitogenic and antigenic responses are induced. Separation of lymphocyte
      suspensions on leucopac, and subsequent stimulation by N. catarrhalis and PHA
      result in abolition of the response to N. catarrhalis, indicating that reaction
      to this natural antigen is a B cell function.

PMID- 1086578
TI  - The vestibular aqueduct in Meniere's disease.
AB  - The vestibular aquaeduct was evaluated blindly in tomograms from patients with
      Meniere's disease or chronic otitis and from patients without ear disorders. The
      descending part of the aquaeduct was clearly visible in 95% of the patients
      without ear disease. In the two other groups, it was visible only in about 50%.
      It is suggested that a narrow or invisible vestibular aquaeduct is an unspecific
      radiological sign in a variety of ear diseases.

PMID- 1086579
TI  - [Progress in otoneurosurgery: approach to the cerebellopontile angle by the
      retrosinus route].

PMID- 1086580
TI  - [Anatomy of acoustic nerve-facial nerve complex].

PMID- 1086581
TI  - [Surgical approach to the petrous bone and related tumors. The neurosurgeon's
      viewpoint].

PMID- 1086582
TI  - [Surgical approach to the petrous bone. The otologist's viewpoint].

PMID- 1086583
TI  - Non-hyperbolic force-velocity relationship in single muscle fibres.
AB  - The force-velocity relation has been studied in sixteen single fibres from frog
      semitendinosus muscle with particular attention to the high-force portion of the
      curve. The force-velocity curve was hyperbolic except for a reversal of curvature
      near 80% measured isometric tension (PO). Rectangular hyperbolas fitted (linear,
      least-squares method) these data well only when values below 0.78 PO were
      considered. Extrapolation of these hyperbolas above 0.78 PO gave predicted
      isometric tensions (P*O) which averaged 32+/-6% above the measured PO values.
      Hill's constants (1.84 degrees C) for these hyperbolas were: a/P*O=0.177+/-0.021,
      b=0.329+/- 0.035 M.L./sec, Vmax=1.91+/-0.074 M.L./sec. The reversal of curvature
      persisted when force-velocity data were obtained using: 1 or 60 min response
      intervals, afterloaded isotonic responses, grid stimulation, electrically induced
      contractures and bundles of fibres. The reversal of curvature diminished when
      force-velocity data were obtained from slightly stretched fibres (about 2.3 mum
      sarcomere length as compared to 2.1 mum in the control). The results indicate
      that sarcomere length redistributions probably do not account for the non
      hyperbolic force-velocity relation. An explanation for the behavior based on the
      geometry of the contractile filament lattice is discussed.

PMID- 1086584
TI  - "Warm" E rosettes as an index of activation of T lymphocytes.
AB  - Rosetting at 37 degrees ("warm" rosettes) was assayed as a technique to determine
      the degree of activation of T lymphocytes. Standard "cold" rosettes and an index
      of "warm" to "cold" rosettes were used to correct possible changes in the total
      percentage of T cells. Statistically higher numbers of "warm" rosettes were
      obtained in Pokeweed mitogen stimulated cultures when compared with unstimulated
      control; but not in old tuberculin stimulated cultures of lymphocytes from PPD
      positive individuals when compared with those of PPD negative. Also a significant
      rise was found in control cultures of 3 and 5 days when compared with those of
      day 1. We think that "warm" rosetting may be a useful technique for determining
      the degree of immunological activation of a lymphocyte population.

PMID- 1086585
TI  - Immunosuppressive effect of corticosteroids on rabbit's humoral and cellular
      response.
AB  - The immunosuppressive effect of two of the most used steroids, 16-Methylen
      prednisolone and betamethasone, was studied in rabbits sensitized to bovine serum
      albumin (BSA). In the steroid treated animals the hemagglutination and
      precipitation titres obtained in Boyden's test and gel-diffusion respectively,
      were strongly decreased as compared with the controls. The Arthus reaction was
      also inhibited. No response was detected in the lymphocyte transformation test
      (LTT) against the antigen (BSA) in the treated animals, and also the PHA induced
      transformation was suppressed but not completely abolished. A remarked decrease
      in the number of circulating mononuclear cells was observed in the treated
      animals. The number of T rosette-forming cells was also strongly decreased, but
      the percentage of B cells bearing IgG on their membrane detected by
      immunofluorescence offered only a slight decrease as compared with the controls.
      All these changes were observed earlier and more intensely in the Betamethasone
      treated rabbits.

PMID- 1086586
TI  - Industrial ocular injuries.

PMID- 1086587
TI  - LDH isoenzymes and myocardial infarction in patients undergoing coronary bypass
      surgery: an excellent correlation.
AB  - To evaluate the efficacy of LDH isoenzymes in the detection of myocardial
      infarction in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery, 73 patients were
      studied pre- and postoperatively by ECG, CPK, SGOT, total serum LDH, and LDH
      isoenzyme measurements. A reversal of the LDH1:LDH2 ratio was considered
      indicative of myocardial necrosis. Accordingly, the patients were separated into
      two groups: Group A (23 patients) who demonstrated an LDH1:LDH2 ratio exceeding
      1.0 and Group B (50 patients) who failed to reveal an LDH1;LDH2 reversal. The two
      groups were similar in regard to preoperative evaluation and operative procedure
      performed. The postoperative ECG findings were significantly different. In Group
      A 18 of 23 patients (78 per cent) developed significant new Q waves. This
      occurred in only one patient in Group B. Significant arrhythmias occurred in 70
      per cent of the patients in Group A as compared to 14 per cent of those patients
      in Group B. Severe congestive heart failure and/or clinical evidence of shock
      occurred in 39 per cent of Group A patients and in none in Group B. The results
      of our study indicate that the reversal of the LDH1:LDH2 ratio is a valuable tool
      for the evaluation of postoperative myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1086588
TI  - Vascular and cardiac contractile reserve in the dog heart with chronic multiple
      coronary occlusions.
AB  - Nineteen mongrel dogs survived chronic occlusion of the left circumflex and of
      the right coronary artery without infarction due to the timely development of a
      collateral circulation. Only 38 per cent of the conductance of the arteries
      before occlusion was restored by collateral vessels. In these animals and in 15
      control dogs with normal coronary arteries myocardial contractility,
      contractility reserve, and myocardial blood flow were studied. The same was done
      in dogs with chronic coronary artery occlusion after aortocoronary bypass.
      Myocardial blood flow was determined woth the tracer microsphere technique.
      Contractility reserve was tested and defined as isovolumetric left ventricular
      pressure and dp/dt max with norepinephrine infusion and cross-clamping of the
      aorta. Contractile reserve was not significantly different between normal dogs
      and dogs with chronic coronary artery occlusion before and after aortocoronary
      bypass. Myocardial blood flow during control conditions was homogenously
      distributed in all three groups studied. The ratio of blood flow to the
      endocardium and the epicardium was not significantly different from inity.
      Coronary reserve was determined at peak reactive hyperemia following a 20 second
      period of coronary artery occlusion, with ongoing norepinephrine infusion. Under
      these conditions subendocardial fow in normal dogs rose by a factor of 7.9 while
      subepicardial flow increased 7.4 times. In dogs with chronic occlusion of two
      coronary arteries the increase of myocardial flow was nonnomogenous;
      subendocardial flow to areas supplied by a normal coronary artery rose by a
      factor of 7.0 while subepicardial flow increased 5.7 times control.
      Subendocardial collateral flow rose by a factor of 2.4 and subepicardial
      collateral flow increased 3.5 times control. In normal dogs norepinephrine alone
      did not result in maximal coronary flow but only 57 per cent thereof. Dogs with
      chronic coronary occlusion, however, required the entire coronary reserve in
      areas that were supplied by a normal coronary artery, whereas areas supplied by
      collaterals became ischemic. Opening of an aortocoronary bypass restored normal
      flow to previously ischemic areas, and reduced the flow to areas supplied by a
      normal artery. With the bypass open no differences existed between normal dogs
      and those with two occluded coronary arteries. We conclude that the
      norepinephrine-stimulated contractile reserve of hearts with chronic coronary
      occlusion was comparable to that of normal hearts; however, norepinephrine forced
      these hearts to spend the entire flow reserve of the remaining normal artery
      while producing ischemia in collateral-dependent areas. The same dose of
      norepinephrine did not require the entire flow reserve of normal dogs.

PMID- 1086589
TI  - "Realism" in coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1086590
TI  - Coronary bypass: autograft, allograft or heterograft.

PMID- 1086591
TI  - Human model for the study of abnormal platelet function in atherosclerotic heart
      disease.

PMID- 1086592
TI  - Quantitation of "acute-phase proteins" postoperatively. Value in detection and
      monitoring of complications.
AB  - Serial determinations of serum C-reactive protein are helpful in the detection
      and monitoring of postoperative complications associated with inflammation and/or
      tissue necrosis. The serum C-reactive protein level begins to increase within sex
      hours after operation, peaks on the second day, and by the third postoperative
      day begins to decrease toward the preoperative level. In cases with surgical
      complications involving inflammation, serum C-reactive protein levels remain
      elevated and do not show a decline on the third postoperative day. Serum levels
      of other "acute-phase proteins," such as alpha-1 acid glycoprotein,
      ceruloplasmin, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and haptoglobin, were found to increase in
      response to surgical procedures, but subsequent to the increase in C-reactive
      protein. These other proteins offer no additional information in monitoring the
      postoperative acutephase response,

PMID- 1086593
TI  - Haemophilus influenzae cellulitis.

PMID- 1086594
TI  - Cellulitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type B. Antigenemia and antibody
      responses.
AB  - The techniques of serum countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis, hemagglutinating
      (HA), and bactericidal (BC) antibody determinations were applied to seven
      patients with Haemophilus influenzae type B cellulitis. Capsular antigen was
      detected (greater than or equal to 10 ng/ml) in two patients at the time of
      admission and was found in two additional patients two days following
      hospitalization. Antibody responses in the patients with cellulitis were
      deficient, similar to those in children under 2 years of age with H influenzae
      type B meningitis. One of the patients with cellulitis had HA and BC antibody
      present in convalescent serum, and two additional patients demonstrated BC
      activity. The clinical presentations of our patients were typical except that
      violaceous discoloration of overlying skin was noted in only one of the seven.
      Two additional patients had atypical facial swelling that closely resembled
      angioneurotic edema and initially led to incorrect diagnosis. Countercurrent
      immunoelectrophoresis may  be helpful in the diagnosis of patients with
      Haemophilus cellulitis, particularly if serial serum determinations are
      performed. Bacterial cultures obtained from blood and aspirates of the lesion
      appear to be more sensitive in determining the cause of H influenzae type B
      cellulitis.

PMID- 1086595
TI  - Congenital generalized fibromatosis. An African case with gingival hypertrophy
      and other unusual features.
AB  - What is believed to be the first reported case of congenital generalized
      fibromatosis in an African infant is described. Features in our patient, which
      were not noted in previous reports of the disease, include gingival hypertrophy,
      ankylosis of joints, skeletal hyperostosis, and lymphatic dilation of the ileal
      villi. Corticosteroid therapy was tried in the patient, but did not produce any
      beneficial effect.

PMID- 1086596
TI  - Histiocytic medullary reticulosis in acute lymphocytic leukemia of T cell origin.
AB  - A patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia of T (thymic-derived) cell origin was
      successfully treated and was maintained in remission for four months by combined
      chemotherapy. He died following a seven-week, fulminant course with fever,
      refractory pancytopenia, and marked hepatosplenomegaly. The autopsy showed
      lymphoid leukemic infiltration and extensive histiocytic medullary reticulosis in
      various organs. The possible relations between these two lymphoreticular diseases
      are discussed.

PMID- 1086597
TI  - In vivo dissociation of factor VII (AHF) activity and factor VII-related antigen
      in von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - Using monospecific rabbit antihuman factor VIII antiserum, we have examined the
      amounts of factor VIII-related antigen and compared these to the levels of factor
      VIII procoagulant activity in normal subjects and patients with von Willebrand's
      disease. We have observed that even without transfusion all nine probands with
      von Willebrand's disease and 20 of their 34 relatives possessed a significantly
      elevated factor VIII activity/factor VIII-related antigen ratio when compared to
      that of 55 normal subjects. It is suggested that an elevated factor VIII
      activity/factor VIII-related antigen ratio may be used for detection of the
      carriers of von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1086598
TI  - Need for "counter-detailing" antibiotics.
AB  - Selected antibiotic advertisements in medical journals are discussed to
      illustrate the misleading information that is often disseminated to physicians by
      the pharmaceutical industry. Laboratory and clinical data are presented to
      question the validity of selected advertisements which (1) encourage the use of
      Keflex for severe respiratory infections in children, (2) recommend the use of
      Keflex for the treatment of bacterial bronchitis, (3) suggest that high tissue
      penetration is a unique property of Vibramycin, (4) present pooled susceptability
      data which do not reflect microbial resistance patterns in the patient's
      hospital, (5) recommend twice-daily administration of Ancef for urinary tract
      infections but do not clearly state the potential danger of this regimen for
      other infections, (6) suggest that gentamicin should be given to adults in only
      two dosage sizes for the treatment of serious Gram-negative infections, and (7)
      lead the reader to assume that only women need to be treated for Trichomonas
      infections. It is suggested that as antibiotics are marketed, hospital
      therapeutics committees should evaluate their advantages and permit formulary
      additions for only those agents demonstrating increased efficacy, decreased
      toxicity or decreased cost. Pharmacists who monitor drug therapy can provide
      information to the physician which will increase his awareness of optimal
      antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 1086599
TI  - Vision profile of deaf children.
AB  - The vision status of 77 deaf children from Beverly School for the Deaf, Beverly,
      Massachusetts, was investigated in 6 general areas: visual acuity, refractive
      status, binocularity, color vision, pathology, and visual perceptual motor
      function. The significant results of this study that were different from the
      previously investigated work were in the areas of myopia and visual perceptual
      motor function. Myopia of only moderate to low degree was found in about 5.8% of
      the total poulation, which is significantly below the mean percentage found in a
      normal population. Almost 50% of the children showed deficiencies in and 1 or
      more of the 3 perceptual motor areas investiaged, i.e., visual memory, spatial
      organization, and Gesell copy forms.

PMID- 1086600
TI  - Ano-rectal arteriovenous malformation; an unusual site of massive hemorrhage.

PMID- 1086601
TI  - Mediastinal wound infection and aortocoronary graft patency.
AB  - In our experience, eight of ten aortocoronary grafts in five patients remained
      patent in the face of mediastinal infection. Combining reports of seventeen other
      grafts from the literature, we conclude that patency can be anticipated in
      approximately 70 per cent of such grafts and that mediastinal infection does not
      necessarily adversely affect aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass graft patency.
      We recommend aggressive therapy of mediastinal infection in this setting due to
      the high survival rate which can be anticipated with modern methods of therapy,
      as well as the high probability of graft patency.

PMID- 1086602
TI  - Fluorescein in the human optic disc. II. The fluorescein appearance rate.
AB  - Automatic intravenous infusion of fluorescein with constant speed during 25 sec
      is followed by a gradual increase of fluorescein in the retinal arteries and in
      the disc tissue. The slope of this increase Sd divided by the maximum fluorescein
      Md in an area of the disc Sd/Md is called Fd, the same for a retinal artery is
      called Fr. Fr was found to be independent of intraocular pressure in the range
      examined (mean pressures 15--30 mm applanantion). Fd/Fr = omega, the "fluorescein
      appearance rate" is correlated to the linear velocity of blood in the capillaries
      of the observed disc area and hence to its circulation. omega was found to be
      diminished in 6 out of 9 cases with ocular tension between 26 and 38 mm
      applanation, but not in 3 cases. It was not diminished in 4 cases with 22-25 mm
      applanation. Further studies are necessary to elucidate these findings suggesting
      some adaptation of disc circulation to intraocular pressure but not proving it:
      fluorescence from vessels behind the lamina cribrosa has the tendency to
      seemingly "normalise" omega.

PMID- 1086603
TI  - [Electrooculographic investigations after oculopression (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of oculopression on the EOG in 6 persons with healthy eyes and in 7
      patients with advanced glaucoma was investigated. The reaction of the potential
      produced by oculopression may be an objective feature of the ability of
      compensation.

PMID- 1086604
TI  - Histopathology and ultrastructure of busulfan-induced cataract.
AB  - A 49-year-old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia developed dense posterior
      subcapsular cataracts and punctate cortical opacities after five years of
      busulfan (Myleran) therapy. We found that the histopathologic appearance of
      busulfan-induced cataracts is similar to other forms of human and experimental
      cataracts, regardless of cause. Ultrastructural examination revealed cortical
      liquefaction with formation of Morgagnian droplets, involving primarily the
      region from the equator to the posterior subcapsular space. In contrast to
      previous findings in rats, we observed posterior migration of equatorial nuclei
      and bladder cell formation. Also present were socalled crystalloid rays and
      abundant degenerate lens fiber membranes manifested as mutli-layered, irregularly
      folded configurations resembling myelin figures.

PMID- 1086605
TI  - Lens changes in car painters exposed to a mixture of organic solvents.
AB  - The relationship between exposure to organic solvents and the prevalence of lens
      changes was studied in a group of 92 car painters and a comparison group of 92
      engineers from the Finnish State Railways. Both groups were examined
      ophthalmologically. Among the 92 car painters, with a mean age of 34.9 years
      (range of 21--64 years; S.D. 10.4 years), two had been operated on for a cataract
      and 46 had lens changes, mainly nuclear sclerosis, clefts, lamellar separation,
      or cortical and subcortical opacities not affecting visual acuity. In 69 age
      matched pairs, for whom the factors inducing false-positive results had been
      excluded, 2 car painters had more lens changes than their age-matched pairs. Lens
      changes occurred with increased frequency after 10 years of exposure.

PMID- 1086606
TI  - Elevation of intraocular pressure after pars plana vitrectomy.
AB  - To determine the incidence and causes of increased intraocular pressure (IOP)
      after pars plana vitrectomy with the vitrophage, we studied 118 eyes under-going
      vitrectomy during a one-year period. Fifty-one (43%) were in diabetic patients;
      67 (57%) were in nondiabetics. Of the entire group, 33 (28%) developed a
      postoperative increase in IOP, which was defined as a rise in IOP of at least 10
      mm Hg above the preoperative level by applanation tonometry. Of the diabetic eyes
      25 (49%) developed increased IOP; 11 (22%) of these eyes required surgical
      intervention for control of IOP. Of the nondiabetic eyes eight (12%) developed
      increased IOP postoperatively; all were either transiently elevated or medically
      controllable. Postoperative rubeosis iridis occurred only in diabetic eyes.

PMID- 1086607
TI  - Characteristics of human saccadic eye movements in different directions.
AB  - Saccadic human eye movements in different directions were recorded by an infrared
      technique. Disturbances by movements of the eyelids are prevented by means of a
      plaster pulling down the lower lid. The peak values of the velocity,
      acceleration, deceleration, and the duration of the saccades were drawn in a
      direction diagram. Each eye has its specific diagram. The shape of the diagram is
      independent of the saccadic amplitude. There are directions in which the values
      are equal for eccentric and centric saccades and those, in which significant
      differences are to be found. In the latter case centric saccades are faster than
      the eccentric ones.

PMID- 1086608
TI  - [A canthi-skin electrode electroretinogram, independent of eye movements
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to avoid misinterpretation of ERG recordings taken with canthiskin
      electrodes, the potential deriving from the two electrodes was fed into a
      balancing amplifier that eliminated opposing voltages and amplified
      unidirectional voltages. During voluntary as well as nystagmus caused eye
      movements as well as those caused by nystagmus clearly distinguishable averaged
      ERG's were recorded.

PMID- 1086609
TI  - Diabetic retinopathy study. Preliminary results from 215 patients treated
      uniocularly with photocoagulation.
AB  - Preliminary results of a controlled study on diabetic retinopathy are reported.
      Two hundred and fifteen patients with proliferative (PDR) and nonproliferative
      (NPDR) retinopathy were uniocularly treated by Xenon photocoagulation and
      followed for a minimum of 6 months--6 years. Intra- and epiretinal new vessel
      formations (RNF) decreased in treated but increased in untreated eyes at a high
      statistical significance. A transition of background retinopathy into the
      proliferative stage was significantly retarded after photocoagulation. An
      improvement of new vessel formations on the disc (DNF) was not evident after 3
      years of follow-up. The progression of preretinal neovascularization (PRNF) was
      significantly reduced only for 1--2 years after treatment. The incidence of
      massive vitreous hemorrhages, however, which showed the highest quotient of
      contingency with PRNF was much lower in treated eyes also after 3 years. The
      difference was significant only in extensively photocoagulated eyes with more
      than 100 lesions on average. The effect of photocoagulation on diabetic
      maculopathy with preservation of a useful visual acuity was highly significant
      only in diabetics under 60 years of age, the effect increasing with time as the
      control eyes fared worse. By contrast, in patients over 60 years of age, the
      course of maculpathy was not influenced, and a linear decrease of visual acuity
      occurred in both treated and untreated eyes.

PMID- 1086610
TI  - Regional ischemic infarcts of the retina.
AB  - Macroscopic and light microscopic features of regional ischemic infarcts of
      retina in autopsy eyes are described. Lesions were found throughout life span,
      most patients having significant primary or secondary vascular disease (younger
      had systemic hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, vasculitis or sickle
      hemoglobinopathy; most older patients had arteriosclerosis). Diabetes mellitus
      and infarction of other organs (including brain) also were common.
      Topographically almost all lesions were found in posterior fundus; most were
      temporal and involved anatomical macula. Microscopically there was destruction of
      inner retinal layers with preservation of outermost cells of inner nuclear layer;
      occasionally ganglion cell layer was relatively spared.

PMID- 1086611
TI  - The effect of central chemical sympathectomy on the oxygen uptake; anaerobic
      glycolysis and lactic acid dehydrogenase activity in the retina of white rats.
AB  - Male Wistar rats were injected intraventricularly with two doses of 250 mcg of 6
      hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in two consecutive days. Two weeks later the oxygen
      uptake, anaerobic glycolysis and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the
      retina were determined. The decrease of oxygen uptake (-28%), anaerobic
      glycolysis (-31%) and LDH activity (-12%) in rats treated with 6-OHDA in
      comparison to control animals was found. The possible role of the adrenergic
      system in regulation of the metabolism of the retina is discussed.

PMID- 1086612
TI  - [The astigmatism bioblique. II. Mathematical description (author's transl)].
AB  - Optical surface showing an astigmatism bioblique could only approximately be
      described by mathematical formulas. The best approximation is that one which
      shows a close relation between regular and bioblique astigmatism. It allows the
      calculation of the best correcting cylinder, which brings the anavoidable
      residual astigmatism to a minimum.

PMID- 1086613
TI  - The content of glycosaminoglycans in bovine corneal epithelium and precorneal
      fluid-film.
AB  - Histologic staining of hen cornea and precorneal fluid-film with ruthenium red
      lead to the assumption of existent coating glycosaminoglycans. Quantitative and
      chemical analytical examinations of bovine corneal epithelium with and without
      the fluid-film could not demonstrate the characteristic components of
      glycosaminoglycans. Even small amounts of glycosaminoglycans are not found after
      incubation of the cornea with radioactive precursors. But the extracted material
      have been proved by degradation with amyloglucosidase enzyme for pure glycogen.
      Most probably ruthenium red stains glycosaminoglycans nonspecifically but marks
      the glycoproteins as well which have been demonstrated in the precorneal fluid
      film.

PMID- 1086614
TI  - Radiation therapy of choroidal metastases from breast cancer.
AB  - Radiation therapy of 26 patients with choroidal metastases from breast cancer has
      been reviewed. At the time of initial diagnosis of choroidal metastases 13
      patients had bilateral choroidal metastases. The median age of the patients was
      54 years and the survival from the first symptom of choroidal metastases varied
      from 2 to 45 months with a median survival of 9.5 months. End results of
      radiation therapy had been recorded in 22 patients. Local radiation therapy
      improved vision permanently in 16 patients.

PMID- 1086615
TI  - Changes of activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase in the rabbit eye in the
      early phase of alkaline and acid injury.
AB  - Rabbit corneas were burned either with 1.0 N sodium hydroxide or 1.0 N
      hydrochloric acid. Enzyme activities of alkaline and acid phosphatases were
      examined spectrophotometrically in the homogenates of cornea, iris, aqueous humor
      and vitreous body. On the 3rd day after alkaline as well as acid burn, a
      significant decrease of both enzyme activities was produced as compared with
      untreated animals. A more pronounced change was found in the case of alkaline
      injuries. With both kinds of caustic agents the decrease of acid phosphatase
      activity was more striking than that of the alkaline phosphatase. Advantages and
      shortcomings of biochemical and histochemical enzymatic determinations in
      experimental ocular inflammations are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1086616
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin E2 on the isolated rabbit iris sphincter.
AB  - Experiments on twenty-eight New Zealand albino rabbits have shown that
      prostaglandin E2 causes contraction of the isolated iris sphincter and is about
      five times as effective as acetylcholine. Prostaglandin E2 does not act on the
      cholinergic receptors; the effect of prostaglandin E2 was not increased by
      eserine, and not abolished by atropine. In high doses indomethacin (3 X 10(-4) M)
      reversed the prostaglandin effect, but lower concentrations (3 X 10(-5) M) left
      it unaffected.

PMID- 1086617
TI  - [Electromagnetic radiation damage to the retina (author's transl)].
AB  - Basic mechanism involved in electromagnetic radiation damage to the retina are
      described. Those are photochemical, thermal and non-linear effects. The
      absorption of radiant energy by the retina occurs primarily in the visible
      spectral range. Different wave lengths are absorbed in different layers of the
      retina. Photochemical injury for minimal lesions is uniform and the damaged area
      may be larger than the irradiated area. Thermal injury for minimal lesions
      produces usually a more intense central core of damage surrounded by edema. Non
      linear effects are caused by ultrashort exposure times and are produced from
      strong electric fields, acoustic signals, shock waves, etc. generated by high
      temperature gradients. Wave lengths play a part in the severity and origin of
      retinal damage at relative long exposure times but contribute little to retinal
      injury at ultrashort exposures e.g. psec ranges.

PMID- 1086618
TI  - Comparative electron-microscopic studies on the conus papillaris and its
      relationship to the retina in night and day active geckos.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the capillary endothelium of the conus papillaris within
      the vitreous body was studied in night, day, and mixed (night and day) active
      geckos (Homopholis wahlbergi, Gekko gecko, Pachydactylus bibronii, Tarentola
      mauritanica, Lygodactylus conraui, Phelsuma guimbeaui, Phelsuma
      madagascariensis). Capillary endothelial cells were poorly developed in night and
      mixed active animals, whereas in day active animals they were highly organized.
      In particular the number and height of the luminal and basal microvilli and the
      frequency of micropinocytotic vesicles were distinctly increased in day active
      geckos. It is assumed that these structural mechanisms improve the
      transendothelial transportation capacity of metabolic substances. When the
      thickness of the retinal layers was compared, we found that the inner retinal
      layers of those geckos in which the conus capillaries were poorly developed, were
      approximately 60% of the thickness of the inner retina in the day active geckos.
      The results indicate that the structural organization of conal endothelial cells
      is related primarily to the retinal structure rather than to the animals' daytime
      behavior. Furthermore, our observations support the theory that the conus
      papillaris of lizards, like the pecten oculi of birds, has a primary function in
      the nutrition of the avascular retina and/or is involved in the exchange of fluid
      in the vitreous.

PMID- 1086619
TI  - Influence of sodium chloride on the amount of CRF-granules and "classical"
      neurosecretory material (NSM) in the neurohypophysis of bilaterally
      adrenalectomized rats.
AB  - Bilaterally adrenalectomized female SPF Wistar rats were given tap water
      containing various concentrations of sodium chloride to drink ad lib. After a
      survival period of 14 days the animals were killed by perfusion-fixation. Their
      brains were removed, fixed in picric acid formalin solution and embedded in
      Paraplast. Serial sections of median eminence and hypophysial posterior lobe were
      cut and stained with crotonaldehyde-fuchsine. In the stained sections the amount
      of CRF-granules visible in the external zone of the median eminence, and the
      amount of "classical" neurosecretory material (NSM) occuring in the internal zone
      of the median eminence and in the posterior lobe of the hypophysis were
      estimated. After administration of drinking solutions to which 0%-1% sodium
      chloride were added, the amount of CRF-gr anules increased with increasing NaCL
      uptake, whereas the amount of "classical" NSM was not changed. Application of tap
      water containing 2% NaCl led to a marked decrease in the amount of "classical"
      NSM but did only slightly impair the amount of CRF-granules. From the findings it
      is concluded that 1. following bilateral adrenalectomy administration of sodium
      chloride inhibits the secretion of CRF-granules; 2. CRF-granules and "classical"
      NSM, although histochemical identical, have different functional significances;
      3. the mechanisms regulating the secretion of CRF-granules are different from
      those controlling the release of "classical" NSM.

PMID- 1086620
TI  - Asthma and T cell immunodeficiency: improvement with transfer factor and
      immunopeptide.

PMID- 1086621
TI  - Follow-up evaluation of a prevalence study for chronic bronchitis and chronic
      airway obstruction.
AB  - Follow-up of the prevalence study of respiratory symptoms and chronic airway
      obstruction was performed after a 6- to 7-year interval. One hundred fifteen of
      117 subjects (98%) originally labeled "abnormal" (chronic bronchitis or asthma by
      history, or ratio of 1-sec forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity less
      than 60 per cent), and 111 of a random sample of 116 subjects (96%) originally
      labeled "normal" were traced. Nineteen patients were dead, 14 "abnormal"
      subjects, and 5 "normal" subjects (P less than 0.01). Eighty-eight of the
      originally labeled "abnormal" subjects and 91 of the random "normal" sample could
      be retested by spirometry. Subjects with lower initial ratios of 1-sec forced
      expiratory volume to forced vital capacity tended to lose more 1-sec forced
      expiratory volume and forced vital capacity. Early identification of respiratory
      symptoms and spirometric abnormalities may identify persons at increased risk of
      death who could benefit from appropriate therapy.

PMID- 1086622
TI  - Clinical, epidemiologic, and pulmonary function studies in alpha,-antitrypsin
      deficient subjects of Pi Z type.
AB  - The results of pulmonary function testing and systematic medical history and
      epidemiologic data collection are reported for 20 persons with alpha 1
      antitrypsin deficiency of Pi Z phenotype. The most common symptom, reported in 19
      subjects (95 per cent), was dyspnea on exertion; 16 subjects (80 per cent) gave a
      history of wheezing, and 8 (40 percent) reported chronic cough and sputum
      production. The 8 women who had been pregnant reported a miscarriage rate of 29
      per cent for all pregnancies. Respiratory symptoms and disease were commonly
      reported in the children of study subjects. Pulmonary function testing revealed
      abnormalities for 18 of 20 subjects, all of those 26 or more years of age. The
      test that was most frequently abnormal was the 1-sec forced expiratory volume
      expressed as a per cent of the forced vital capacity. All pulmonary function
      studies demonstrated a trend toward increased impairment with increased age,
      which was evident by the fourth decade. Within this group of persons having
      severe alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, there was no correlation between serum
      concentrations of antitrypsin and subjective or objective indices of pulmonary
      disease. A group of 7 subjects who were incidentally found to have Pi Z alpha1
      antitrypsin deficiency exhibited symptoms and pulmonary function abnormalities
      comparable to those of 13 subjects who were originally referred for known or
      suspected pulmonary disease. These data suggest that if interventions such as
      smoking cessation and occupational counseling are to be effective, they should be
      initiated before the fourth decade of life.

PMID- 1086623
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulations in sarcoidosis: correlation with disease aetivity and
      duration.
AB  - We studied lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of 29 sarcoid patients to relate
      T- and B-cell populations with disease activity and duration. In patients with
      acute (less than 1 year) and chronic (greater than or equal to 9 years) active
      disease, the absolute lymphocyte count was reduced; the absolute number of T
      cells was reduced; and the proliferative response of lymphocytes to
      phytohemagglutinin was depressed compared with control subjects. Ten of 21
      patients with active disease had 5% to 32% atypical lymphocytes. The proportion
      of cells bearing surface immunoglobulin (Ig) was increased in patients with
      active disease, but the absolute number of cells bearing surface Ig did not
      differ significantly from controls. However, studies using overnight in-vitro
      culture indicated that a large fraction of these cells bound exogenous Ig. The
      number of cells indentified by complement receptors was significantly reduced in
      patients with active disease. In contrast, patients who had complete reasolution
      of their disease showed no significant differences from controls in either T- or
      B-cell populations or in the proliferative response of their lymphocytes to
      phytohemagglutinin.

PMID- 1086624
TI  - Late infections following filtering procedures.
AB  - In 364 patients with filtering conjunctival blebs, the incidence and outcome of
      exogenous late infections were determined. The rate was lowest among patients who
      had undergone Scheie's procedure. After treatment, the visual acuity in 62.5% of
      the infected cases was the same as before the infection occurred.

PMID- 1086625
TI  - How genes evolve; a population geneticist's view.

PMID- 1086626
TI  - [Autoradiographic study of the DNA synthesis process along metaphasic chromosomes
      of Pleurodeles waltlii Michah (urodele amphibian)].
AB  - Chromosomes from embryos (stage 34) of the amphibian urodele Pleurodeles waltlii
      were labeled by 3H-thymidine at different times of the DNA synthesis cycle and
      studied at metaphase. Terminal segments of the chromosomes, induced secondary
      constrictions, and satellites were found to be late-labeling. Therefore, they may
      be considered as formed at least partially by heterochromatin. However, after
      other treatments or stainings, they do not present other features considered
      characteristic of heterochromatin. The question of the heterogeneity of their
      structures is discussed and the ambiguity of the term heterochromatin is
      emphasized. The proximal part of the long arm of chromosome VII shows
      characteristics similar to satellites, which may indicate the presence of a
      previously unrecognized satellite.

PMID- 1086627
TI  - [Holoprosencephaly by triploidy 69 XXX in a 5 month old fetus].
AB  - Microcephaly, occipital meningocele, and uveal coloboma were observed in a 5
      month-old fetus with a 69, XXX karyotype. Autopsy showed an holoprosencephaly,
      which has never before been reported in triploidy.

PMID- 1086628
TI  - [2 cases of partial trisomy 10p due to a paternal translocation
      t(10p;18)(p13;q23)].
AB  - Two brothers trisomic for the distal two thirds of 10p are reported. Trisomy
      results from the malsegregation of a familial translocation rcp (10;18)(p13;q23)
      present in the father, a half-brother and the grand-father of the propositi. The
      phenotype is comparable to that of other 10p trisomic patients reported in the
      literature.

PMID- 1086629
TI  - [45, X/47, XY, +13 mosaicism in a 19-year-old girl].
AB  - The 45, X/47, XY, +13 mosaicism was observed in a 19-year-old mentally deficient
      girl who was examined because of primary amenorrhea. Certain clinical features
      were reminiscent of Turner's syndrome, while no features of trisomy 13 were
      present. The study of blood groups, HLA genotypes, and cytogenetic markers
      provided no evidence of chimerism.

PMID- 1086630
TI  - [Chromosome effect of cyclophosphamide in various strains of mice].
AB  - The chromosomes of four different mouse strains were examined after
      administration of a single dose of cyclophosphamide, 100 mg/kg. Chromosomal
      breaks and rearrangements were produced in C3H mice three to four times as
      frequently and in AKR mice twice as frequently as in C57 B1 and XLII Orl mice.
      This indicates that cytogenetic investigations in mutation research using mice as
      in vivo test systems may be variable depending on the mouse strain employed.
      Because the effect of the alkylating agent was not pronounced in the two strains
      having a high incidence of cancer and leukemia (C3H and AKR), the possibility of
      a relationship between chromosomal instability and cancer proneness is discussed.

PMID- 1086631
TI  - [Translocation t(Y;14) in an azoospermic man].
AB  - A study of meiosis in an azoospermic man with a translocation between the Y and
      14 chromosomes shows complete arrest of gametogenesis after the second division
      (spermatocyte II stage). At pachytene, the distal segment of the Y chromosome
      which is translocated onto the 14, is in contact with the sex vesicle.

PMID- 1086632
TI  - [Translocation 46,X, t(Y;7)(q122;q11) in a case of male sterility].
AB  - A Y-autosome translocation--46,X,t(Y;7)(q122;q111)--in a steril man is reported
      and compared with others already reported in the literature.

PMID- 1086633
TI  - Subpopulations of B lymphocytes and the carriage of immunological memory.
AB  - Thoracic duct lymphocytes from rats primed with DNP-BGG confer on irradiated,
      syngeneic recipients the ability to mount a large, IgG anti-DNP response after
      challenge with the immunizing conjugate. An analysis of this adoptive response
      lead to the following conclusions. the B memory cells which generate the IgG
      response carry IgG on their surface and are present in a subpopulation amounting
      to less than l0% of all B cells in thoracic duct lymph. The view that memory
      cells carry exclusively IgD is untenable. The majority of B lymphocytes in
      thoracic duct lymph are recirculating cells which carry surface IgM...

PMID- 1086634
TI  - Susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae type b to cefatrizine, ampicillin, and
      chloramphenicol.
AB  - The susceptibility of 269 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae type b to
      cefatrizine (BL-S640), ampicillin, and chloramphenicol was evaluated by disk
      diffusion susceptibility tests, using a modified Bauer-Kirby method. Broth
      dilution susceptibility tests were performed on 88 of these isolates, including
      all isolates resistant by disk to cefatrizine or ampicillin. Six of the isolates
      were resistant by disk to cefatrizine (zone size, <16 mm), four were resistant to
      ampicillin (zone size, <19 mm), and none were resistant to chloramphenicol (zone
      size, <17 mm). Only two of the six isolates of H. influenzae that were resistant
      to cefatrizine by disk were resistant to more than 4 mug of drug per ml. The four
      organisms resistant to ampicillin on disk were resistant, when tested by the
      broth method, to >128 mug/ml. These four ampicillin-resistant H. influenzae were
      susceptible to <4 mug of cefatrizine per ml. The two isolates resistant to >4 mug
      of cefatrizine per ml were susceptible to 0.5 and 2 mug of ampicillin,
      respectively, per ml. The activity of cefatrizine appears to be comparable in
      vitro to ampicillin against H. influenzae.

PMID- 1086635
TI  - New method for detecting in vitro inactivation of penicillins by Haemophilus
      influenzae and Staphlycoccus aureus.
AB  - A new technique for detecting penicillinase production in Haemophilus influenzae
      and Staphylococcus aureus was compared with the capillary procedure for detecting
      beta-lactamase and the Bauer-Kirby disk susceptibility procedure. Isolates were
      classified similarly by all three procedures.

PMID- 1086636
TI  - Chemotaxis and transport of amino acids in Allomyces arbuscula.
AB  - Among a number of amino acids tested, L-lysine and L-arginine are the principal
      attractants in the chemotaxis of the zygotes of Allomyces arbuscula. The reaction
      can be stimulated to a greater or lesser extent by a number of compounds
      chemically related to L-leucine. No relationship between transport of attracting
      amino acids and their effect on chemotaxis has been found.

PMID- 1086637
TI  - Formation of protoplasts from Ustilago maydis.
AB  - Protoplasts of Ustilago maydis were obtained by incubating sporidia of the fungus
      with a combination of Helicase and a commercial "Onozuka" R-10 enzyme preparation
      of Trichoderma harzianum in the presence of 0.6 M (NH4)2 SO4 as an osmotic
      stabilizer. In the presence of the organic stabilizers sorbitol and sucrose,
      however, the release of protoplasts was inhibited. Combinations of Helicase with
      other lytic enzymes such as cellulase from Aspergillus niger, cellulase and
      hemicellulase from Rhizopus, and Driselase or Nagarse were inactive.

PMID- 1086638
TI  - Lactate metabolism in Propionibacterium pentosaceum growing with nitrate or
      oxygen as hydrogen acceptor.
AB  - When anaerobic cultures of Propionibacterium pentosaceum were shifted to low
      dissolved-oxygen concentration (D.O.C.), acetate production from lactate
      diminished and propionate production stopped, whereas pyruvate accumulated and
      oxygen was consumed. Assuming that energy is generated in the electron transfer
      to oxygen, YATP values (g dry wt bacteria/mole ATP) of between 7.2 and 11.9 were
      calculated from molar growth yields and product formation. When oxidative
      phosphorylation in the electron transfer to oxygen was ignored, unreasonably high
      YATP values were obtained. From these results it is concluded that energy is
      indeed generated in the electron transfer to oxygen. However, synthesis of
      cytochrome b was strongly repressed by oxygen. Furthermore, synthesis of all
      catabolic enzymes studied was impaired in bacteria growing at low D.O.C. Thus,
      the anaerobic character of P. pentosaceum may be explained by the inhibition of
      synthesis of both cytochrome b and enzymes in the presence of oxygen. It was
      demonstrated that nitrate reductase is synthesized constitutively in P.
      pentosaceum. Synthesis of nitrate reductase was stimulated by nitrate and
      repressed by oxygen. Synthesis of fumarate reductase was also repressed by
      oxygen, whereas only a small effect of nitrate on this enzyme was observed.
      However, propionate formation is inhibited during growth with nitrate. The
      absence of propionate formation in the presence of oxygen and nitrate is
      explained by inavailability of NADH needed for the conversion of oxaloacetate
      into malate in the reductive pathway to succinate, so that succinate and
      propionate cannot be formed.

PMID- 1086639
TI  - Starch degradation by the mould Trichoderma viride. II. Regulation of enzyme
      synthesis.
AB  - The synthesis of amylolytic enzymes by the maltose not-utilizing Trichoderma
      viride strain CBS 354.44 requires the presence of starch or dextrins. Several
      readily utilizable carbon sources such as glucose and glutamic acid were shown to
      exert a strong catabolite repression which completely inhibited enzyme induction
      by starch or dextrins. Enzyme synthesis occurs in the exponential and in the
      stationary growth phase. In the latter, the ratio between saccharifying and
      dextrinizing enzyme activity is invariably high. In the exponential growth phase
      this ratio depends on the nature of the inducing substrate. Growth on starch
      results in an initially high production of dextrinizing activity, the
      saccharifying one becoming predominant in the course of exponential growth. The
      latter activity in dextrin DE 30 cultures is predominant from the very beginning.
      Thus, the amylolytic enzyme system of T. viride consists of at least two
      different enzymes, the synthesis of each being controlled specifically. The
      careful regulation of the synthesis of the dextrinizing enzyme is discussed with
      special reference to the production of non-utilizable maltose by the latter.

PMID- 1086640
TI  - Microbial metabolism of alkylbenzene sulphonates. Variance in enzyme complement
      of a Bacillus in response to growth substrate.
AB  - Growth of a Bacillus species at the expense of an alkylbenzene sulphonate (ABS)
      synthetic detergent homologue (1-phenylundecane-p-sulphonate, 11-ABS) containing
      an odd number of carbon atoms in the alkyl side chain induced an enzyme
      complement able to biodegrade 11-ABS by alkyl side-chain oxidation, and "ortho
      cleavage" aromatic-ring oxidation reactions. Growth of the Bacillus at the
      expense of an ABS homologue containing an even number of carbon atoms in the
      alkyl side chain (1-phenyldodecane-p-sulphonate, 12-ABS) induced an enzyme
      complement able to biodegrade 12-ABS by alkyl side-chain oxidation, and "meta
      cleavage" aromatic-ring oxidation reactions. The results of a number of different
      growth and enzyme induction experiments confirm that both 11-ABS and 12-ABS are
      initially biodegraded by an identical complement of enzymes catalysing the alkyl
      side-chain oxidation reactions, but that the subsequent metabolism of the
      aromatic moieties remaining after the removal of the alkyl side chain from 11-ABS
      and 12-ABS occurs by two separate pathways requiring the de novo induction of
      different substrate-specific enzyme complements. The detection of the predicted
      changes in enzyme complement subsequent to changes in the growth substrate of the
      Bacillus provide confirmation of the biodegradation pathways operating in the
      microorganism.

PMID- 1086641
TI  - A chemically defined medium for cephalosporin C production by Paecilomyces
      persicinus.
AB  - A chemically defined medium was developed for the biosynthesis of cephalosporin C
      by Paecilomyces persicinus Nicot strain P-10. Glucose served as the major carbon
      source and nitrogen was supplied by five amino acids, L-arginine, L-aspartic
      acid, L-glutamic acid, glycine and DL-methionine. Omission of any of the first
      four diminished or prevented production of cephalosporin C; omission of
      methionine did not. Methionine is not critical for the production of
      cephalosporin C in this defined medium. Production of the antibiotic was affected
      by the concentrations of inorganic salts employed. Biotin was required for growth
      and cephalosporin C synthesis. The addition of L-lysine precursors to the medium
      did not influence cephalosporin C levels and L-lysine itself inhibited antibiotic
      production. Known precursors of beta-lactam antibiotics as well as oleic acid did
      not affect biosynthesis of cephalosporin C. Chemical changes occurring in the
      defined medium revealed that glucose was efficiently utilized after 96 hours
      incubation whereas total soluble nitrogen levels increased following an initial
      sharp decrease. Mycelial weight and cephalosporin C production were both maximal
      after 96 hours incubation. Mycelial nitrogen was highest after 48 hours
      incubation whereas mycelial lipid levels were greatest after 72 hours.

PMID- 1086642
TI  - The ascigerous state of Candida chodatii.
AB  - In Candida chodatii, a mycelial yeast having denticulate conidiogenous cells, the
      asci are formed by conjugating budding cells (conidia) and usually contain 2 hat
      shaped, small ascospores. It is classified in Hyphopichia, a new genus of the
      Ascoideaceae. A key to the genera of the Ascoideaceae is given.

PMID- 1086643
TI  - Cell-wall composition and taxonomy of Cephaloascus fragrans and some
      Ophiostomataceae.
AB  - Carbohydrates of intact cells and cell walls were studied by gas-liquid
      chromatographical analysis after acid hydrolysis. Isolated cellulose was
      determined by infrared spectrophotometry, pyrolysis mass spectrometry and
      histochemistry. Biochemical characters do not support an assumed relationship
      between Ophiostoma (including Europhium) and Cephaloascus fragrans. Cephaloascus
      fragrans differs from Ophiostoma by a high mannose content and by the absence of
      cellulose and rhamnose. A relationship between Cephaloascus fragrans and
      Ceratocystis cannot be excluded on the basis of the biochemical characters,
      although there is a marked difference in conidiogenesis. Saprolegnia ferax
      (Oomycetes) was included as a cellulose-containing fungus for comparison.

PMID- 1086644
TI  - Viability of lyophilized fungal cultures.

PMID- 1086645
TI  - Candida fluviotilis sp.nov. and other yeasts from aquatic environments.

PMID- 1086646
TI  - Prosthecobacter fusiformis nov. gen. et sp., the fusiform caulobacter.
AB  - Four strains of heterotrophic, fusiform caulobacters have been isolated from
      freshwater sources. A single prostheca extends from one pole of mature cells, and
      cells attach to various substrata by means of a holdfast located at the distal
      tip of the appendage. Thus, superficially these bacteria bear a strong
      resemblance to bacteria in the genus Caulobacter. However, unlike Caulobacter
      these bacteria do not exhibit a dimorphic life cycle of motile, non-stalked
      daughter cells and immotile, stalked mother cells. Instead both mother and
      daughter cells are immotile, and at the time of cell separation the daughter
      cells are essentially identical mirror-image replicas of the mother cell. In
      addition, the prosthecae of these fusiform caulobacters do not have crossbands,
      they are somewhat wider than the stalks of Caulobacter and the pseudostalks of
      Asticcacaulis, and they terminate in a bulbous tip. The deoxyribonucleic acid
      (DNA) base composition ranges from 54.6-60.1, well below the 62-67 range for the
      genus Caulobacter. Based upon these and other differences a new genus and
      species, Prosthecobacter fusiformis, is proposed for the fusiform caulobacters.

PMID- 1086647
TI  - Pichia humboldtii sp. nov., the perfect state of Candida ingens.
AB  - The perfect state of Candida ingens was found after treatment with N-methyl-N'
      nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, a mutagenic agent. The species fits into the genus
      Pichia. A description of Pichia humboldtii is given.

PMID- 1086648
TI  - The isolation and properties of a denitrifying bacterium of the genus
      Flavobacterium.
AB  - A previously undescribed denitrifying bacterium was isolated from soil. The cells
      are small gram-negative rods, asporogenous, and non-motile. Colonies become
      yellow after long exposure to light. This colouring is due to the production of a
      carotenoid pigment. The organism shows no fermenting activity, and grows only in
      the presence of one of the following electron acceptors: NO2, N2O, and O2. It
      does not reduce nitrate. It gives a positive oxidase test and has a cytochrome c
      and catalase. It requires no growth factors, is a chemoorganotroph and uses only
      sugars as carbon and energy supply. The DNA base composition is 40.8 moles
      percent GC. Although presenting the physiological characteristics of a
      pseudomonad, the organism described has been placed in the genus Flavobacterium
      because of its pigmentation and its low GC percentage.

PMID- 1086649
TI  - Heterothallism in Pichia kudriavzevii and Pichia terricola.
AB  - Pichia kudriavzevii and P. terricola were found to be heterothallic, but not
      interfertile with one another; nor did they mate with P. membranaefaciens, P.
      scutulata, Candida lambica, C. diversa, C. ingens, C. silvae, C. valida, C. vini,
      C. norvegensis, or Torulopsis inconspicua. Limited conjugation occurred between
      mating types of P. kudriavzevii and C. krusei and conjugation and sporulation
      occurred in mixtures with C. sorbosa. The data indicate C. krusei and C. sorbosa
      to be the same species and to represent imperfect forms of P. kudriavzevii.

PMID- 1086650
TI  - Percutaneous electrocoagulation for tic douloureux.

PMID- 1086651
TI  - Mixed connective tissue disease.
AB  - Three patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) had clinical features
      that included a high incidence of Raynaud phenomenon, arthritis, myositis, and
      swollen hands. The diagnostic laboratory test result was the presence of high
      titers of antibody to extractable nuclear antigen. These antibody titers are
      notably reduced or abolished in patients with MCTD when the tanned red blood
      cells that are used in the test are pretreated with ribonuclease. Speckled
      antinuclear antibodies were present in all patients. Patients with MCTD have a
      low incidence of renal disease, are responsive to treatment with prednisone, and
      have a good prognosis.

PMID- 1086652
TI  - Study of diagnostic importance of a group of immunological parameters in 212
      rheumatic patients, with special reference to rheumatoid arthritis [Proceedings].

PMID- 1086653
TI  - Fc-rosette inhibition by hypocomplementaemic systemic lupus erythematosus sera.
AB  - Human red cells sensitized with one of the Rh antisera (Ripley) form rosettes (Fc
      rosette) with human B lymphocytes and the rosettes are well inhibited by
      aggregated human IgG. Since sera of hypocomplementaemic patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus (SLE) have frequently been reported to contain immune
      complexes, they were used for the inhibition of Fc-rosette formation in this
      study. The results of Fc-rosette inhibition rates of the sera were inversely
      correlated with the serum CH50 levels. When the sera were separated into top,
      middle, and bottom fractions by ultracentrifugation, the bottom fractions showed
      more effective inhititions than the others. Similarly, the strongest inhibition
      was found in the void volume of the serum separated by Sephadex G200 gel
      filtration. Reduction and alkylation of IgG resulted in the loss of reactivity
      with Fc receptor of B lymphocytes, and the rosette inhibiting activities of the
      SLE sera were markedly reduced after reduction and alkylation. Some of anti-HLA
      sera were inhibitory for the Fc-rosette formation, while the tested sera did not
      contain anti-HLA activity assessed by the microcytotoxicity test. These results
      indicated that circulating immune complexes contained in the sera inhibit the
      rosette formation, and that the Fc-rosette inhibition test is a simple and
      relatively sensitive method for the detection of circulating immune complexes.
      Antinuclear antibody activities of the sera were tested by the indirect
      immunofluorescent method; however, clear correlations were not obtained between
      Fc-rosette inhibition rates and staining patterns of antinuclear antibodies. On
      the other hand, the positive groups of LE-test exhibited slightly greater
      inhibition rates of the rosette than the negative groups.

PMID- 1086654
TI  - Lymphocytes in rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid synovial fluids. Nonspecificity of
      high T-cell and low B-cell percentages.
AB  - Lymphocytes were studied in paired peripheral blood and synovial fluid samples
      from patients with various forms of arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis
      (group I) and other polyarthritides of unknown origin (group II), as well as
      arthritides generally considered not to be immunologically mediated, such as
      crystal synovitis, traumatic arthritis, osteoarthrosis, and pigmented
      villonodular synovitis (group III). In all 3 groups the percentages of T
      lymphocytes were significantly higher in synovial fluids than in the peripheral
      blood, whereas those of the synovial fluid B lymphocytes were consistently very
      low and occasionally nil. Absolute numbers of synovial fluid lymphocytes were
      significantly higher in groups I and II as compared with group III, and in the
      peripheral blood absolute numbers of lymphocytes in groups I and II were
      significantly lower than in controls. No correlation was found between absolute
      numbers of lymphocytes and complement activity in the synovial fluid. The
      characteristic pattern of high T-cell and very low B-cell percentages in synovial
      fluids is a general feature of inflammatory exudates and cannot be considered an
      expression of cell-mediated immunity in itself.

PMID- 1086655
TI  - Effect of penicillamine therapy on circulating immune complexes in rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - The sera of 40 patients with severe progressive rheumatoid arthritis were
      examined for the presence of soluble immune complexes before penicillamine
      therapy was started, and again after treatment for a mean period of 14-4 months.
      The methods used were radiobioassay (macrophage uptake), C1q-binding capacity,
      and precipitation by 4% polyethylene glycol. Before treatment the sera of 37
      patients showed significantly enhanced uptake of 125I-labelled aggregated human
      IgG by guinea pig macrophages. Treatment produced significant falls in mean
      erythrocyte sedimentation rate, differential agglutination titre, and serum IgG
      and IgM levels, and enhancing complexes (EC) decreased or disappeared in 20
      patients. In 9 patients EC changed to inhibiting complexes, and in 8 EC levels
      were unchanged. In 6 of 8 patients with cutaneous vasculitis initially, both
      lesions and EC disappeared. The total protein and the IgG and IgM precipitated
      from patients' sera by 4% polyethylene glycol fell significantly on treatment.
      Antinuclear antibody titres were unchanged by penicillamine, and 3 patients
      acquired these antibodies during treatment. These findings suggest that
      penicillamine treatment in rheumatoid arthritis reduces the level of circulating
      soluble immune complexes in which IgM rheumatoid factor is a component.

PMID- 1086656
TI  - Effect of penicillamine treatment on immune complexes in two cases of
      seropositive juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A correlation has previously been observed between the presence of enhancing
      complexes and cutaneous vasculitis in rheumatoid arthritis. Two parients with
      seropositive juvenile rheumatoid arthritis are described in whom enhancing
      complexes were detected before the appearance of cutaneous vasculitis. Their
      contrasting response to penicillamine is discussed in relation to the role of of
      rheumatoid factor and antinuclear antibodies.

PMID- 1086657
TI  - Recognition and operative management of patients with arteriosclerotic coronary
      artery aneurysms.
AB  - Arteriosclerotic aneurysms of the coronary arteries have been noted in 38
      patients undergoing cardiac surgical procedures. Age, sex, and risk factors are
      similar to those in other patients with coronary artery disease. A high incidence
      of previous myocardial infarction (24 of 38) is related to the frequency of clot
      formation and embolism associated with such aneurysms. There is also an increased
      risk of perioperative infarction following coronary artery bypass grafting if the
      suture line involves the aneurysm wall (6 of 6), but not when sutures are placed
      away from it. The importance of recognition and proper operative management is
      stressed.

PMID- 1086658
TI  - Combined valvular and coronary artery surgery.
AB  - Between July 1, 1971, and March 1, 1975, 45 patients underwent combined valvular
      and coronary artery operation. Aortic valve disease was present in 30 patients,
      mitral valve disease in 13, aortic and mitral valve disease in 1, and tricuspid
      valve disease in 1. The average age was 57 years. Seventeen patients were in New
      York Heart Association Functional Class IV. Seventeen patients had had a previous
      myocardial infarction. Significant coronary artery disease was an unexpected
      finding at the time of coronary angiography in 14 patients. The average number of
      grafts inserted was 2.5 per patient. The grafts were placed prior to valve
      replacement, and periods of myocardial ischemia were kept at a minimum by
      maintaining coronary perfusion throughout the operation. Operative mortality was
      16%; late mortality was 8%. Perioperative myocardial infarction occurred in 2
      patients.

PMID- 1086659
TI  - [Determination of T anb B lymphocytes in patients with rheumatic fever].
AB  - The populations of "T" and "B" lymphocytes were evaluated in the present work
      employing the rosette technique in patients with active rheumatic fever,
      diagnosed according to Jones' criterion. "B" lymphocytes were found diminished at
      7 days after the acute episode of rheumatic fever and increased at 35 days. These
      findings can be correlated with the hypergammaglobulinemia observed in this type
      of cases. Although there were wide variations in the quantity of "T" lymphocytes
      in some patients with rheumatic fever in this study, the porcentual and absolute
      values of "T" lymphocytes had no modifications when these were compared with the
      control group. The patients showed leucocytosis when entered the hospital and 7
      days after. At 35 days of hospitalization they presented discrete lymphocytosis.
      Since the patients with rheumatic fever usually receive anti-inflammatory
      treatment with steroids, and as these drugs are capable of decreasing selectively
      the "T" lymphocytes, their effect on the kinetics of the lymphocytes in rheumatic
      fever has to be elavuated in further studies.

PMID- 1086660
TI  - [Ventriculography and myelography with water-soluble contrast media (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1086661
TI  - Widespread bone involvement in sinus histiocytosis.
AB  - Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is a rare disorder of the
      reticuloendothelial system with predilection for black children.

PMID- 1086662
TI  - Results of reoperation for failed aortocoronary bypass grafts.
AB  - Thirty-one patients underwent reoperation for failure of one or more previous
      aortocoronary bypass grafts. Thirty-nine grafts were replaced. Twenty-four grafts
      were constructed to vessels not thought to be significantly diseased at initial
      operation. There were no early or late deaths. Postoperative morbidity was
      comparable to initial prodecures. Of 24 patients followed up for more than six
      months., 62% clearly experienced improvement without evidence of perioperative or
      postoperative infarction. Reoperation for failed aortocoronary bypass grafts can
      be achieved without excess risk, but with long-term results less optimistic than
      initial procedures.

PMID- 1086663
TI  - Acoustic reflex test in neuro-otologic diagnosis. A review of 24 cases of
      acoustic tumors.
AB  - Acoustic and other tumors of the cerebellopontine angle are not uncommon, and
      they usually have otologic symptoms or findings. Early diagnosis depends on a
      high index of suspicion and a thorough evaluation of patients with suspected
      tumors. This is a report of 24 cases selected from a group of 184 surgically
      confirmed tumors. Had the cases been evaluated only on the basis of pure tone or
      speech audiometry or on the basis of plain roentgenograms, the diagnosis might
      not have been made. Audiological examination should include the acoustic reflex
      test. The results of this test indicated a retrocochlear problem (absence or
      decay of the reflex) in 19 of 24 cases (80%). The test was positive in 11 of 12
      patients with normal or near normal hearing and in seven of eight patients with
      normal x-ray films.

PMID- 1086664
TI  - Pathophysiology of endolymphatic hydrops.
AB  - Endolymphatic hydrops of the nonprogressive type occurs in response to a single
      traumatic or toxic insult of limited duration and although it may result in
      permanent deficits in sensorineural function, there is total subsidence of
      vestibular symptoms. Endolymphatic hydrops of the progressive type, on the other
      hand, appears to be the result of permanent impairment of endolymph resorption
      and is caused principally by disorders of the endolymphatic sac. It occurs in
      Meniere's disease, syphilitic labyrinthitis and the delayed hydrops syndrome. In
      addition to deafness of varying extent, it is characterized by episodic vertigo
      and sometimes by Hennebert's sign. Histological studies suggest that the acute
      vertiginous episodes are caused by potassium intoxication following ruptures of
      the membranous labyrinth and that Hennerbert's sign is caused by vestibular
      fibrosis.

PMID- 1086665
TI  - Meniere's disease - roentgenologic diagnosis.
AB  - Radiologic diagnosis in Meniere's disease should not be based on the vestibular
      aqueducts tomographic reproducibility. Instead, valuable preoperative information
      should be given about the size and location of the aqueducts external aperture in
      relation to the posterior and lateral semicircular canals. In saccotomy the
      semicircular canals are landmarks for identification of the endolymphatic sac.
      The periaqueductal pneumatization is demonstrated to be partly decisive for the
      vestibular aqueducts gross morphology. In Meniere's disease either a sparse or a
      total lack of periaqueductal pneumatization is observed in most of all cases. The
      development of peri- and infralabyrinthine pneumatization is also decisive for
      the position of the foveate impression, which houses the extraosseous part of the
      endolymphatic sac. Its location and size can be evaluated by tomographic
      characterization of the vestibular aqueducts external aperture.

PMID- 1086666
TI  - Treatment of ingrowing nail.

PMID- 1086667
TI  - Lordosis in female rats following medial forebrain bundle lesions.

PMID- 1086668
TI  - Evaluation of coronary bypass surgery by means of invasive and non-invasive
      methods: a preliminary study.

PMID- 1086669
TI  - The ballistocardiogram and coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1086670
TI  - Human alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor mechanism of action: evidence for activation
      by limited proteolysis.

PMID- 1086671
TI  - Loss of mitogenic activity by immobilized lectins.

PMID- 1086672
TI  - Mitochondrial calcium release as a mechanism for quinidine contracture in
      skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1086673
TI  - [Study of blood flow velocity with ultrasonics in aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1086674
TI  - [Effects of the aortocoronary bypass operation on left ventricular function].

PMID- 1086675
TI  - [Operations associated with aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1086676
TI  - [Surgical treatment of coronary disease with a triple aorto-coronary venous
      bypass. Personal experience].

PMID- 1086677
TI  - [Quadruple aortocoronary venous bypass (revascularization of the right coronary
      artery, anterior descending coronary., of the artery, 1st diagonal branch and the
      artery of the obtuse margin) in the surgical treatment of angina pectoris].

PMID- 1086678
TI  - Thymus-dependent (T) lymphocyte deficiency in progressive systemic sclerosis.
AB  - Circulating thymus-dependent (T) lymphocytes were estimated in twenty-seven
      patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and in forty-five normal
      controls using the property of T lymphocytes to form rosettes with sheep red
      blood cells. The patients with PSS were found to have a reduction of T
      lymphocytes which correlated with the extent of visceral involvement by the
      disease, those with the lowest counts having the most extensive disease. These
      findings support the suggestion that immunological factors may be involved in the
      pathogenesis of PSS.

PMID- 1086679
TI  - Generalized warts and immune deficiency.
AB  - A case of common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia with associated impairment of
      cell mediated immunity and severe wart virus infection is described. The defect
      of cell mediated immunity is thought to have predisposed this patient to the
      development of persistent wart infection which in turn grossly depressed the
      body's cellular immunity and thus allowed widespread dissemination of the warts.
      The rapid restoration of cell mediated immunity which followed the reduction in
      the antigenic load of wart virus by diathermy treatment was followed by the
      spontaneous regression of all the patient's warts. This unusual case may provide
      some insight into the complex relationship between wart virus infection and the
      immune system of the host.

PMID- 1086680
TI  - Heterogeneity of ferritin from red blood cells.

PMID- 1086681
TI  - Unsuspected fungal endophthalmitis diagnosed in vitrectomy specimen.
AB  - A vitrectomy specimen obtained with the roto-extractor from a diabetic patient
      with vitreous haemorrhage revealed fungal endophthalmitis on microscopical
      examination. Endophthalmitis was not suspected before the procedure. Extensive
      medical examinations failed to reveal any evidence of systemic fungal disease.
      The case exemplifies endogenous mycotic endophthalmitis of occult origin, the
      first of its kind, we believe, to be diagnosed in this manner.

PMID- 1086682
TI  - Decreased rate of sodium conductance inactivation in the node of Ranvier induced
      by a polypeptide toxin from sea anemone.
AB  - The effects of two toxins extracted from the tentacles of Anemonia sulcata on
      ionic currents have been tested on the nodal membrane of myelinated nerve fibres
      from Rana esculenta. While external application of Toxin I at 100 muM leaves both
      specific ionic currents unmodified, Toxin II at 10 muM reacts with a receptor
      site associated with the sodium conductance inactivation gating. Since internal
      application by diffusion of Toxin II at a concentration of 700 muM leaves the
      ionic currents unchanged, the receptor site is most likely located on the
      external side of the nodal membrane. An equilibrium dissociation constant for the
      effects of Toxin II was estimated as 20 muM. The on-reaction is fast (rate
      constant for the on-reaction roughly equal to 3.103 M-1) suggesting a readily
      accesible receptor site for the toxin. The kinetics characteristics of the sodium
      currents recorded in the presence of Toxin II suggest that there are at least two
      steps in the reaction leading to Na+ -channels with the inactivation gate
      completely immobilized. The relatively fast reversibility of the intermediate
      stage of the reaction and the rather slow but, in the end, complete reversal of
      the toxin effects suggest that the toxin acts by modifying the energy profile for
      the transition "inactivation gate in the open configuration to inactivation gate
      in the closed configuration." Toxin II at higher concentrations (greater than 100
      muM) also inhibits the potassium currents but these effects were not studied in
      any detail.

PMID- 1086683
TI  - [Enzymic topography of the heart. 1. Activity of a 1.11.1.6. type peroxide:
      hydrogen peroxide oxidoreductase].

PMID- 1086684
TI  - [Bilevel organization of the spinal center of the frog lymph heart].

PMID- 1086685
TI  - Steroid contraceptive agents and immunological reactivity in experimental
      animals.
AB  - The immunodepressive activity of widely employed steroid contraceptive agents
      (SCA's) was evaluated in mice and rats on various humoral and cell-mediated
      responses. Three different progestagens (lynestrenol, norethindrone or
      norethynodrel) were administered in combination with the estrogen mestrahese
      SCA's could significantly reduce the severity of allergic encephalomyelitis in
      rats, variations in their capacity to interfere with primary response to sheep
      erythrocytes in mice and anti-mouse erythrocyte autoantibody formation were
      found. Treatments employed with these SCA's did not reduce tumor allograft
      resistance in mice and the anti-sheep erythrocyte response in rats. In addition,
      otherwise immunosuppressive treatments with these SCA's did not modify the mouse
      response to a T-independent antigen. The possible clinical significance of these
      results is discussed.

PMID- 1086686
TI  - Pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance study of 39K in frog striated muscle.
AB  - Samples of 1 M KCl solution and 10 samples of intact frog striated muscle were
      studied at 4-7 degrees C and/or at 21-22 degrees C. Field inhomogeneity was
      minimized by using small sample volumes and by using a superconducting magnet
      designed specifically to provide highly homogeneous fields. In the present
      experiments, magnetic field inhomogeneity was measured to contribute less than
      15% to the free induction decay observed for intracellular 39K. The signal-to
      noise ratio of the measurements was enhanced by means of extensive time
      averaging. The rates of nuclear relaxation for 39K in aqueous solution were 22 +/
      3 (mean +/- 95% confidence limits) s-1 at 4-7 degrees C and 15 +/- 2 s-1 at 21
      22 degrees C. For intracellular 39K, (1/T2) was measured to be 327 +/- 22 s-1 and
      229 +/- 10 s-1 at the lower and higher temperatures, respectively. The
      corresponding values for (1/T1) in the same muscle samples were 198 +/- 31 s-1
      and 79 +/- 15 s-1 at 4-7 degrees C and at 21-22 degrees C, respectively. These
      results for 39K are similar to those previously obtained for intracellular 23Na.
      Since less than 1% of the intracellular 23Na has been estimated to be
      immobilized, fractional immobilization of intracellular 39K is also likely to be
      insubstantial.

PMID- 1086687
TI  - [Specificity of the effect of growth hormone on DNA concentration in the nuclei
      of the lymphoid cells of hypophysectomized rats].
AB  - The effect of growth hormone on the DNA content in the nuclei of the thymus,
      spleen and the lymph node lymphocytes was studied by means of cytophotometry. In
      hypophysectomized rats the growth hormone increased the DNA content in the nuclei
      of the middle lymphocytes of these organs without altering its amount in the
      small lymphocytes. Thymus lymphocytes were the most sensitive to the hormone
      action. The DNA content in the nuclei of these cells increased as soon as one
      hour after the administration of the hormone; in 4 hours it reached the maximum.
      Other hormones with an anabolic effect (insulin, thyroxin, testosterone), induced
      no elevation of DNA in the thymocyte nuclei at that period of time. A conclusion
      was drawn on the high tropicity of the growth hormone to the cells of the
      lymphoid organs and particularly to the thymocytes (middle lymphocytes of the
      thymus).

PMID- 1086688
TI  - E1Lymphocytopenia in pseudo-lupus-erythmetaosus syndrome.
AB  - Seven female patients with pseudo-lupus erythematosus (LE)-syndrome had markedly
      reduced lymphocyte counts in their peripheral blood during the active phase of
      the disease. One patient, we were able to study during the active phase of her
      disease, had a diminuation of spontaneous rosettes-forming (T-)lymphocytes, using
      neuraminidase-treated sheep red blood cells for the test. In this case the
      percentage of surface-immunoglobulin-bearing (B-)lymphocytes determined by an
      indirect immunofluorescence technique was augmented. In comparison with 20 normal
      controls 6 other patients did not show any alterations in the relation of B- and
      T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. 5 patients had circulating lymphocytotoxic
      antibodies in their serum. A specificity of these antibodies for T-lymphocytes
      could not be realized.

PMID- 1086689
TI  - Lysosomal acid phosphatase: difference between normal and chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia T and B lymphocytes.
AB  - Lysosomal acid phosphatase was assayed in homogenates of isolated normal and B
      cell type chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) T and B lymphocytes by
      biochemical means. Unlike the results of cytochemical studies reported in the
      literature enzyme activity was considerably higher in normal B lymphocytes than
      in corresponding T cells. This finding offers the possibility to use acid
      phosphatase as a marker for normal B lymphocytes. The diminution of acid
      phosphatase in unseparated B-CLL lymphocytes depends predominantly upon a loss of
      enzyme activity in the B cell fraction indicating an intrinsic abnormality of
      these neoplastic lymphocytes.

PMID- 1086690
TI  - [Recent data on the immunology of tumors. Mechanisms of escape of immunological
      control. Role of suppressor cells].
AB  - Cells in spleens from tumor bearing animals were found to inhibit in vitro
      reactivity of lymphocytes to a variety of stimulants. These suppressor cells
      inhibited the stimulation of normal lymphocytes by mitogens : P.H.A.-Con A-L.P.S.
      They were adherent cells, bore immunoglobulins at their surface and did not bear
      the 0 marker. They were also demonstrated in T deprived tumor bearing animals.
      They might be B cells, or, more probably, macrophages. Other activities that are
      inhibited by the suppressor cells are: -reactivity to allogenic cells in the
      mixed lymphocyte culture, -in vitro generation of secondary anti tumor cytotoxic
      effector cells, -macrophage migration inhibition in the presence of immune
      lymphocytes and tumor extracts, -reactivity against syngeneic tumor cells or
      tumor extracts. Suppressor cells may play a role in the general immunodepression
      of tumor bearing hosts, and in the inability of tumor bearing hosts to reject the
      tumor. However, the biological role of these non T suppressor cells is not clear,
      as they also inhibit tumor cell growth, and in vivo experiments favour suppressor
      cells of thymic origin.

PMID- 1086691
TI  - Toxicity of 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in larval and adult forms of
      Rana catesbeiana.
AB  - Varying doses of TCDD ranging from 25 to 1000 mug/kg were administered to the
      larval and adult forms of the American bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. Doses of TCDD
      as high as 1 mg/kg failed to have any significant effect upon survival or
      completion of metamorphosis in tadpole and doses of up to 500 mug/kg had no
      effect on survival of adult frogs. Histopathological examination of various
      tissues from the metamorphosed tadpoles and adult frogs failed to show any
      abnormalities.

PMID- 1086692
TI  - Effects of exposure to N-phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, octyl-phenyl-alpha
      naphthylamine, and dioctyldiphenylamine on the development of frog embryos.

PMID- 1086693
TI  - President's message: "The code of ethics".

PMID- 1086694
TI  - Editorial: Consumer demands; who is right?

PMID- 1086695
TI  - Effects of haemorrhage upon surgical operations.
AB  - The complications of emergency surgery for acute upper gastro-intestinal
      haemorrhage in 95 patients were compared with those of surgery for non-bleeding
      benign peptic ulceration in 380 patients. There was a significantly higher number
      of senior surgeons performing emergency surgery for haemorrhage. There was a
      significantly higher mortality (10-5 %), wound dehiscence rate (12-6 %) and wound
      complication rate with re-bleeding (33-7 %) in the post-haemorrhage patients
      compared with the non-bleeding group (1-3, 1-8 and 11-6 % respectively). There
      was no significant difference in the incidence of chest infection in the two
      groups. Mortality and morbidity after haemorrhage were correlated directly with
      the amount of blood transfused before surgery. Rats were used to study the effect
      of the removal of 13 % of the blood volume, and its restoration after varying
      time intervals, upon subsequent wound healing. Abdominal wounds were tested at 7
      days for breaking and bursting strength. There was no difference between the
      wound strength of the control animals and animals which had been bled for 4
      minutes before wounding. A significant reduction of wound strength occurred in
      animals which had been bled for 30-60 minutes before wounding. Prolonged blood
      loss was associated with deficient wound healing even if blood loss was restored
      before the wounds were made. Stored blood may be deficient in a factor which is
      necessary for normal wound healing.

PMID- 1086696
TI  - Multidisciplinary treatment for macrometastatic osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Using a co-ordinated multidisciplinary approach with surgery, radiation therapy,
      and chemotherapy, 14 out of 21 patients with metastases from osteogenic sarcoma
      were rendered free of disease for over two to over 18 months. Most patients had
      pulmonary metastases, two had bony metastases, and one had metastases in the
      iliac nodes. As part of this multidisciplinary approach weekly high-dose
      methotrexate was given and caused tumour regression in seven out of 15 patients.
      After all clinical evidence of disease had been removed high-dose methotrexate
      was administered every two to three weeks as maintenance treatment. To assess the
      efficacy of treatment the results were compared with those in a historical
      control group of 82 consecutive patients who developed pulmonary or other
      metastases. The results in the study group were significantly better. This
      experience may be similar to that in Wilms's tumour, where actinomycin D has
      increased the cure rate when administered as adjuvant therapy after treatment of
      localised or overt metastatic disease.

PMID- 1086697
TI  - Palindromic rheumatism.

PMID- 1086698
TI  - Comparative diagnostic accuracy of barium meal and endoscopy.

PMID- 1086699
TI  - Surface morphology of the bullfrog amphibian papilla.
AB  - The bullfrog amphibian papilla, which has been identified as the peripheral
      source of two of the three types of auditory axon in that animal, is shown to
      have a continual distribution of receptor types based on surface topography, but
      a dichotomy of types based on the adjacent tectorium and its apparent mechanical
      linkage to the receptors and their supporting cells and a second dichotomy based
      on receptor polarization patterns. Each dichotomy divides the receptors into two
      approximately equal populations and thus might correspond to the previously
      observed division of primary axons into two frequency-response types.

PMID- 1086700
TI  - Depolarization of primary afferents in the frog spinal cord under high Mg2+
      concentrations.

PMID- 1086701
TI  - Tonic inhibitory influence of a supraspinal monoaminergic system on recurrent
      inhibition of an extensor monosynaptic reflex.
AB  - Recurrent inhibition of the extensor (quadriceps) monosynaptic reflex (MSR) was
      antagonized by a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5
      HTP, 75 mg/kg), and a specific 5-HT neuronal uptake blocker, fluoxetine-HC1
      (Lilly 110140, 0.25-6 mg/kg), in unanaesthetized decerebrate cats. This
      inhibition of the flexor (posterior biceps-semitendinosus) MSR was not altered by
      fluoxetine. Cyproheptadine-HC1 (5 mg/kg) partially reversed the above blocking
      actions of 5-HTP and fluoxetine and a thoracic "cold block", which eliminates
      supraspinal inputs to the caudal spinal cord, also eliminated the blockade by
      fluoxetine on recurrent inhibition. Cyproheptadine (2.5-5 mg/kg) or
      phenoxybenzamine-HC1 (2.5-5 mg/kg), administered alone, enhanced recurrent
      inhibition of the extensor but not of the flexor MSR. Since a "cold block"
      increased recurrent inhibition of the extensor reflex in control animals but
      failed to alter the inhibition in animals pretreated with either DL-p
      chlorophenylalanine (300 mg/kg i.p. for 2 consecutive days) or DL-a-methyl-p
      tyrosine methyl ester-HC1 (125 mg/kg i.p. 16 and 4 h prior to experiment), the
      monoaminergic system would appear to be tonically active. In addition the
      neuronal uptake blocker, imipramine-HC1 (0.125-4 mg/kg), was more potent in
      antagonizing recurrent inhibition when injected intra-arterially to the spinal
      cord than when administered intra-arterially to the brain stem or intravenously,
      indicating that this agent acts in the spinal cord to block the inhibition. These
      results support our previous proposal (ref. 18) that a supraspinal system
      involving 5-HT and noradrenaline antagonizes recurrent inhibition of the
      quadriceps MSR. This monoaminergic system is tonically active with the 5-HT nerve
      terminals located in the spinal cord.

PMID- 1086703
TI  - Evidence for an ascending inhibitory histaminergic pathway to the cerebral
      cortex.
AB  - Previous observations from our laboratory indicate that metiamide is a specific
      histamine antagonist in rat cerebral cortex. In view of the recent finding that
      histamine levels and L-histidine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.22) activity in cerebral
      cortex decrease following disruption of the ipsilateral medial forebrain bundle
      (MFB), the present investigation was undertaken to examine whether
      iontophoretically applied metiamide antagonizes the inhibition of deep cerebral
      cortical neurones produced by stimulation of the MFB. In rats anaesthetized with
      a mixture of methoxyflurane, nitrous oxide and oxygen, stimulation of the
      ipsilateral MFB or the cortical surface with iontophoretically applied histamine
      depressed the firing of cortical neurones. Metiamide antagonized the histamine
      induced depression and reduced the duration of inhibition produced by MFB
      stimulation. However, it did not alter the inhibition induced by the cortical
      surface stimulation. These results indicate that a histaminergic pathway
      ascending through the MFB may inhibit rat cerebral cortical neurones.

PMID- 1086704
TI  - Royal College Lecture, 1976. Preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction and
      survival after coronary artery surgery.
AB  - A preoperative ejection fraction (EF) of less than 0.30 slightly increases the
      immediate risk of myocardial revascularization. This risk can be greatly reduced
      by better myocardial protection and complete revascularization of the coronary
      lesions during surgery. Poor ventricular function, however, greatly influences
      the patient's long-term survival, especially when the EF is less than 0.30. In
      patients with coronary artery disease, in whom there are clinical and
      angiographic indications of an aortocoronary shunt and the EF, when measured in
      the right anterior oblique plane, is equal to or greater than 0.30, surgery may
      be performed with an acceptable surgical risk (3.9%) and satisfactory long-term
      (4- to 5-yr) survival (85%). When the EF is less than 0.30 it is necessary
      (before refusing operation) to conduct additional studies of venticular function
      such as biplane ventriculography, venticulography following the administration of
      nitroglycerin, epinephrine or after an artificially induced extrasystole. Isotope
      studies may also be considered, as they can reveal the presence of viable
      myocardial cells in the hypo- or akinetic segments.

PMID- 1086705
TI  - A case of T-cell lymphoma with convoluted lymphocytes.
AB  - A case of T-cell lymphoma, as defined by immunologic studies of lymph node,
      peripheral blood, and cultured cells, is presented. Convoluted lymphocytes were
      noted in the original lymph node biopsy, in cerebral spinal fluid preparations
      and terminally, in the peripheral blood. The prominent neuologic abnormalities
      representing both central and peripheral nervous system involvement were
      atypical. Other features included skin and testicular infiltration, leukemic
      transformation, and refractoriness to therapy. A somewhat similar clinical
      picture has been reported in other patients with diffuse, poorly differentiated
      lymphocytic lymphomas, some of which have proven to have a T-cell origin. T-cell
      lymphoma may represent a distinct clinical entity that calls for modifications of
      our traditional therapeutic approaches.

PMID- 1086706
TI  - Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy and spinal epidural involvement:
      a case report and review of the literature.
AB  - A case of "sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphoadenopathy" (SHML) in which
      spinal epidural involvement caused paraplegia is described. The literature
      pertaining to this newly recognized entity is reviewed; this review indicates
      that the process is not necessarily restricted to the lymph nodes and may be
      progressive in nature. The case we report is the first with histologically proved
      bone involvement.

PMID- 1086707
TI  - Serum alpha1-antitrypsin in patients with lung cancer or abnormal sputum
      cytology.
AB  - Serum alpha1-antitrypsin Pi types and trypsin inhibitory capacity (TIC) were
      measured in 72 patients with lung cancer and in 196 patients with abnormal sputum
      cytology but no clinical evidence of lung cancer to determine if a genetic
      deficiency of alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) predisposes to lung cancer. The
      distributions of Pi types in these two groups of patients and healthy adults are
      similar. Serum TIC and AAT concentrations are elevated in lung cancer patients.
      However, patients with abnormal sputum cytology and no clinical lung cancer have
      normal levels of serum TIC and AAT. A genetic deficiency of AAT probably does not
      produce a state of increased susceptibility to the carcinogenic effects of
      respiratory carcinogens such as tobacco smoke.

PMID- 1086708
TI  - Comparison of multiple in vivo and in vitro parameters in untreated patients with
      Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Multiple in vivo and in vitro immune parameters were used to examine 52 untreated
      patients with Hodgkin's disease in all stages. A significant number (p less than
      0.01) of patients in all stages demonstrated abnormalities in DNCB sensitization,
      peripheral blood lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutination, absolute
      lymphocyte count, absolute number of T cells (as measured by spontaneous rosette
      formation with sheep erythrocytes), and absolute number of B cells (as measured
      by immunofluorescence with polyvalent antiserum). The number of T and B cells
      fell progressively with each stage, but the proportion of T to B cells remained
      constant. Cutaneous anergy was found in STAGES III and IV. Depressed circulating
      immunoglobulins were found in a few patients in all stages. Neither the total
      lymphocyte number nor the number of T and B cells correlated with the measures of
      lymphocyte function (skin test reactivity, DNCB sensitization, mitogen response,
      or immunoglobulin levels). This study suggests that selective abnormalities in
      the immune system exist even in early Hodgkin's disease, involving the absolute
      number of circulating T and B lymphocytes and T-lymphocyte function. The study
      fails, however, to define a consistent pattern of immune defects as
      characteristic of Hodgkin's Disease.

PMID- 1086709
TI  - Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
AB  - A comparison of the detailed features and natural history of 12 patients with
      "Sezary Syndrome" with those in patients with classical "mycosis fungoides" has
      demonstrated that, with the exception of a leukemic phase in the former, the two
      syndromes are indistinguishable. Both disorders result from the proliferation of
      malignant thymus-derived lymphocytes with progressive involvement of skin, lymph
      nodes, and visceral organs; actual transition between these two syndromes have
      been documented. "Sezary Syndrome" and "mycosis fungoides" appear to represent
      variant clinical expressions of the same disease process. It is proposed that the
      present confusing and archaic terminology should be discarded and that the
      designation "cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, with or without leukemic phase" should be
      used in all future descriptions of this disorder.

PMID- 1086710
TI  - Radiation-related myocardial injury. Management of two cases.
AB  - Pericardial effusion and trifascicular block developed 5 years following
      mediastinal irradiation for Hodgkin's disease in a 19-year-old patient. Another
      24-year-old patients had an acute myocardial infarction followed by severe angina
      pectoris 5 years following mediastinal irradiation for the same disease. A
      pericardial window and a permanent demand pacemaker were used in the first case;
      an aorto-coronary vein grafting was utilized in the second patient. Both patients
      responded to treatment and are well. Five other previously reported cases of
      myocardial injury that occurred 2 months to 8 years following mediastinal
      irradiation in young patients were reviewed. To our knowledge, successful
      surgical treatment of this disease entity has not been reported before. Close,
      long-term follow-up of patients who have received mediastinal irradiation should
      be helpful in the early recognition and successful management of these serious
      cardiac complications. The systematic clinical and radiographic surveilance of
      these patients should be supplemented by a routine 12-lead electrocardiogram.

PMID- 1086711
TI  - Hairy cell leukemia. An immunologic and ultrastructural study.
AB  - A case of hairy cell leukemia in a 39-year-old man is reported. Hairy cells from
      the peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow had lambda-type immunoglobulin on
      their surfaces; those from the peripheral blood and bone marrow also had IgD on
      their cell membranes. Frozen sections of spleen reacted with IgGEA, but not IgMEA
      or IgMEAC markers. Transmission electron microscopy revealed ribosome-lamella
      complexes in cells from the spleen, but not the peripheral blood. Scanning
      electron microscopy demonstrated a spectrum of cell surface morphology with many
      cells characterized by ridges and ruffles. The significance of these findings is
      considered and it is suggested that the hairy cell is a B lymphocyte.

PMID- 1086712
TI  - Nodular malignant lymphoma and amyloidosis. A case report.
AB  - A case of long-standing, nodular malignant lymphoma of lymphocytic type
      associated with nephrotic syndrome and systemic amyloidosis is presented. Review
      of literature revealed only six previously reported cases of systemic amyloidosis
      complicating non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Recent studies have revealed that all of
      the nodular lymphomas are B-lymphocyte malignancies; that nodular lymphomas have
      high incidence (46-64%) of abnormality of intracellular immunoglobulin synthesis;
      that abnormality of serum immunoglobulin in such patients in uncommon (0-8%); and
      that at least one type of amyloid fibrils is made up of immunoglobulin light
      chains. These findings would suggest that there is an etiologic relationship
      between nodular lymphoma and systemic amyloidosis.

PMID- 1086713
TI  - Convalescence following coronary surgery: a group experience.
AB  - The patient who has heart surgery and returns home will experience many problems
      in adjusting to a modified lifestyle. Successful rehabilitation depends on many
      factors-the knowledge the patient has about his condition, his own motivation and
      the support he receives from family and friends. If he has received good teaching
      in the hospital, his task will be much easier. But is in-hospital teaching
      enough? Current nursing research suggests that patients are more receptive to
      health teaching after they have returned home and benefit from sharing
      experiences with a group. The author describes the results of an investigation
      into the concerns of convalescent coronary patients and their wives and tells how
      group sessions helped ease their transition from hospital to a productive
      lifestyle.

PMID- 1086714
TI  - Methotrexate (NSC-740) with citrovorum factor (NSC-3590) rescue, alone and in
      combination with cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271), in ovarian cancer.
AB  - In a randomized study, 35 patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancers
      with progressive disease after prior single alkylating agent or combination-agent
      chemotherapy were treated with either intermediate high-dose methotrexate
      citrovorum factor rescue alone or methotrexate-citrovorum factor rescue plus
      cyclophosphamide. Objective responses to both "second-line" chemotherapeutic
      regimens were observed. The objective response rate of 43% observed with the
      methotrexate-citrovorum factor plus cyclophosphamide treatment was superior to
      that achieved with methotrexate-citrovorum factor given alone. This combination
      of agents is the most effective second-line chemotherapeutic regimen for ovarian
      cancer that we have yet tested and we are therefore optimistic about its
      possibilities as first-line therapy. After early dosage modifications, serious
      toxic side effects were rare in this group of patients who had had extensive
      prior therapy.

PMID- 1086715
TI  - Experimental chemotherapy with 5-arylpyrimidine antifolates: preliminary studies
      on toxicity and responsiveness of sarcoma 180 to DDMP (NSC-19494) and DDMP with
      citrovorum factor (NSC-3590).
AB  - The 5-arylpyrimidine antifolate DDMP showed appreciable therapeutic activity
      against an ascitic form of Sarcoma 180 in BD2F1 mice. Antitumor effects were
      highly schedule and dose dependent at a limited number of doses within the range
      of 8--40 mg/kg. The best results (increased lifespan = 112%) were obtained with
      two doses of DDMP at 40 mg/kg given 4 days apart. The incorporation of citrovorum
      factor rescue in dose schedules with DDMP appeared to improve the therapeutic
      index. In multiple-dose schedules with citrovorum factor allowing an average of
      eight doses of DDMP at a maximum level of 16 mg/kg, increases in median lifespan
      were greater than 158% with a number of long-term survivors.

PMID- 1086716
TI  - [Antirheumatic drugs and bleeding in upper part of the gastrointestinal tract in
      terms of urgent endoscopic diagnosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1086717
TI  - Innervation of skin glands in the frog.
AB  - A comparative study was undertaken on the innervation of mucous and granular
      glands in frog skin. Results obtained by the Falck-Hillarp fluorescence technique
      and cholinesterase staining indicated that both types of glands receive
      exclusively adrenergic innervation. Electron microscopy was used to investigate
      the innervation pattern at the ultrastructural level. The distribution of nerve
      terminals was found to differ in the two types of glands. In the mucous gland,
      terminals were found at a distance of about 0.5 mum from the basement membrane
      but never within the gland parenchyma. In the granular gland, the terminals were
      located between smooth muscle cells and also in direct contact with the secretory
      epithelium but never outside the basement membrane.

PMID- 1086718
TI  - Apical secretion from taste bud and other epithelial cells in amphibians.
AB  - Taste buds of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum, contain cells, previously
      undescribed in this species, which have a long apical process, and are similar to
      the Type III cells of mammalian taste buds, and to the gustatory cells in fish.
      In the supporting cells, there is evidence of periodic decapitation, in addition
      to secretion by exocytosis. Bilaminar fragments, which are leaf-shaped bodies
      formed of two dense laminae separated by a lucent gap, protrude from the apical
      microvilli of the supporting cells and are found detached in the extracellular
      secreted layer. Their form and dimensions suggest that they represent secreted
      lipo-protein material. Similar bilaminar fragments have been seen, in much
      smaller numbers, on some other epithelial cells in amphibians, and in fish. A
      unique case, in which rough endoplasmic reticulum was found in the extracellular
      layer of the axolotl oral epithelium, is reported; it had apparently been ejected
      from the cell. It is suggested that the axolotl produces a copious secretion at
      the taste bud pore, in order to wash the surface, and that the bilaminar
      fragments represent material aiding this cleansing process. The condition in the
      axolotl is compared with that in some other species, particularly Rana
      temporaria.

PMID- 1086719
TI  - Permeability of the amphibian pars intermedia to peroxidase injected
      intravascularly.
AB  - To study the penetration of protein from the blood into and through the pars
      intermedia of anurans, the electron-dense tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP),
      was injected into the vascular system of the frog, Rana pipiens. Pinocytotic
      vesicles were seen along plasma membranes of the stellate cells abutting the
      pericapillary spaces between the pars intermedia and pars nervosa. The HRP was
      seen within both the pericapillary spaces and these pinocytotic vesicles. In
      addition, the HRP was very prominent in the extracellular spaces between adjacent
      stellate and/or MSH cells and around nerve endings and thus, appeared to move
      from the vascular spaces and into the interior of the pars intermedia. Therefore,
      the poorly vascularized pars intermedia may have such a route for transfer of
      materials throughout the gland.

PMID- 1086720
TI  - The inhibition by DRB (5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole) of hnRNA
      and mRNA production in HeLa cells.
AB  - 5, 6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB; 75 muM) inhibited only 60
      75% of nuclear heterogeneous RNA (hnRNA) synthesis in HeLa cells, while the
      appearance of labeled cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing messenger RNA (mRNA) was
      reduced by approximately 95%. DRB-sensitive and resistant transcripts spanned the
      entire size range of hnRNA molecules. The relative poly(A) content of DRB
      resistant hnRNA molecules was the same as that of normal hnRNA. In contrast to
      the effects of 3'deoxyadenosine, DRB appeared to inhibit the initiation of hnRNA
      chains, but did not directly interfere with labeling of poly(A). We present an
      interpretation of these results and propose how the results might be used to gain
      more information about nuclear RNA metabolism.

PMID- 1086721
TI  - T-dependent suppression of the primary antibody response to sheep erythrocytes in
      mice infected with Trichinella spiralis.

PMID- 1086722
TI  - Cell cooperation in abolition of tolerance of xenogeneic tumor.

PMID- 1086723
TI  - Migration of lymphoblasts to the small intestine. II. Divergent migration of
      mesenteric and peripheral immunoblasts to sites of inflammation in the mouse.

PMID- 1086724
TI  - Spontaneous rosette formation of rat thymus cells with guinea pig erythrocytes.

PMID- 1086725
TI  - [Less usual tuberculosis findings among children at the present time].

PMID- 1086726
TI  - [The new strain of influenza; A/New Jersey/76].

PMID- 1086727
TI  - The relation between acute persisting spinal paralysis and poliomyelitis vaccine
      (oral): results of a WHO enquiry.
AB  - The present report presents the findings in 8 countries at the end of the first 5
      years of an international investigation into the possible relationship between
      acute persisting spinal paralysis and the use of oral poliomyelitis vaccine.The
      most striking finding was the high association with type 3 virus in the recipient
      cases and with type 2 virus in the "contacts" and "possible contacts". Most of
      the cases in the recipient groups occurred in children under 5 years of age in
      all countries, but in the "contact" groups in the countries in which vaccination
      is offered through the year, many of the cases occurred in the non-immune parents
      of recently vaccinated infants.There were marked differences among countries, and
      it was not possible to pinpoint a single factor as the sole cause. However, the
      quality of the vaccine clearly played an important role. For some time, and
      certainly at the beginning of this enquiry, some of the countries were using
      vaccine from the same source without continuous external control and were using
      seed viruses at high passage levels. The situation changed during the enquiry and
      the incidence of paralytic cases decreased. The enquiry will be continued and
      particular efforts will be made to establish the cause of the associated
      paralysis. The findings of the enquiry confirm that oral Sabin poliomyelitis
      vaccines are among the safest vaccines in use today.

PMID- 1086728
TI  - Trial of a reduced dose of measles vaccine in Nigerian children.
AB  - To evaluate the effectiveness of measles vaccine in reduced dosage, Schwarz live,
      further attenuated measles virus vaccine was given in various doses by jet
      injector to 967 seronegative children aged 7-30 months in rural villages in the
      Northwest State of Nigeria. For children over 12 months of age, reducing vaccine
      virus dosage by 40%, 60%, or 80% led to progressive and statistically significant
      reductions in the seroconversion rates from 89% in children receiving the full
      dose to a minimum value of 46%. Reducing the volume of the inoculum below the
      standard of 0.5 ml resulted in a further reduction of seroconversion rates at
      each antigen dose level. Seroconversion rates in all dosage groups were lower for
      children below 12 months of age. These data suggest that dose reduction would not
      be a satisfactory economy measure in measles vaccination campaigns.

PMID- 1086729
TI  - Kaeng Khoi virus from naturally infected bedbugs (cimicidae) and immature free
      tailed bats.
AB  - Kaeng Khoi virus was recovered from bedbugs (Stricticimex parvus and Cimex
      insuetus) and from suckling wrinkle-lipped bats (Tadarida plicata) collected in
      central Thailand. The data implicate bedbugs as possible vectors of this virus.

PMID- 1086730
TI  - [Necessary research in the subject of taeniasis-cysticercosis].

PMID- 1086731
TI  - Effect of cysteine on the hepatic toxicity and antischistosomal activity of
      antimonyl potassium tartrate.
AB  - Cysteine produced a significant and progressive reduction in the toxicity of
      antimonyl potassium tartrate (APT) when the two substances were injected into
      mice and rabbits in ratios of APT to cysteine ranging from 1:1 to 1:3. The
      reduction in toxicity was highest with the 1:3 ratio. However, the combination of
      the two substances, especially in the ratio of 1:3, appreciably reduced the
      antischistosomal activity of APT both in vivo and in vitro.

PMID- 1086732
TI  - The suppression, by Helisoma duryi, of the cercarial production of Schistosoma
      mansoni-infected Biomphalaria pfeifferi.
AB  - Biological control of the intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni and S.
      haematobium by means of a competitor snail, Helisoma duryi, has been suggested.
      In the present laboratory study, the influence of H. duryi on the relationship
      between the parasite and the intermediate host was investigated. The results
      indicated that H. duryi behaves as a "decoy" if it is present when Biomphalaria
      pfeifferi is exposed to the miracidia of S. mansoni, and that the continued
      presence of H. duryi in the aquarium after B. pfeifferi has been exposed greatly
      reduces cercarial production. When these two species were present in equal
      numbers, cercarial production was reduced by 95.9% in comparison with a control
      group.

PMID- 1086733
TI  - Parasite cultivation in relation to research on the chemotherapy of malaria.
AB  - Attempts to develop techniques for the continuous in vitro cultivation of the
      malaria parasite have not yet proved successful. It has not been possible to
      obtain the complete sporogonic development of the parasite in vitro although some
      progress was made with Plasmodium relictum and P. berghei. Exoerythrocytic stages
      of P. gallinaceum have been successfully cultivated in vitro in tissue explants
      and those of P. fallax have been grown in turkey primary embryo tissue cells.
      With the recent development of mammalian liver cell lines, prospects for the in
      vitro cultivation of exoerythrocytic stages of mammalian plasmodia are greatly
      improved. While it is still not possible to cultivate erythrocytic stages of
      plasmodia serially in vitro some species have been successfully grown through one
      asexual cycle. This progress has led to a number of applications of parasite
      cultivation to chemotherapeutic studies, to the testing of new antimalarial
      drugs, and especially to the testing of the susceptibility of P. falciparum to
      chloroquine. Cultivation technique is greatly improved by an appropriate choice
      of culture media. The addition of fresh red cells to the subculture system
      permits relatively high rates of invasion and multiplication of the parasite to
      be obtained. As well as its application in the screening and evaluation of
      antimalarial compounds, the in vitro cultivation technique is also very suitable
      for studying the entry mechanism of the parasite into red blood cells.

PMID- 1086734
TI  - Antibody persistence after surgical treatment of echinococcosis.
AB  - Studies on the persistence and levels of antibodies in 280 patients at different
      intervals following surgery for echinococcosis are described. Post-operative
      antibody levels were investigated by means of four immunodiagnostic methods,
      namely, the complement fixation, latex agglutination, indirect haemagglutination,
      and intradermal tests. After surgical removal of the cysts the tests became
      negative in some patients, whereas in others they remained positive for many
      years. As the post-operative period increased, the percentage of positive results
      fell and this fall was faster in lung echinococcosis than in liver
      echinococcosis. The titres obtained with the serological tests decreased at the
      same rate as the percentage of positive results, but the intradermal test
      remained positive, with an unchanged titre, for many years. In the case of
      secondary echinococcosis, medium and high titres predominated in all the tests.
      These immunological investigations during the post-operative period make it
      possible to evaluate the results of surgery and, to some extent, to clarify the
      prognosis.

PMID- 1086735
TI  - Experimental chemotherapy in leprosy.
AB  - The Memorandum reviews the considerable progress that has been made in research
      on the chemotherapy of leprosy during the last 10-15 years, as a result of which
      it is now possible to study the same topics in leprosy as are studied in other
      bacterial diseases. Thus drugs have been screened in mice for their activity
      against Mycobacterium leprae. Those that have been found to have the greatest
      activity against M. leprae at acceptable dosages-dapsone, rifampicin, and
      clofazimine-have been characterized in terms of the minimal effective dosage and
      rate of bacterial kill. Similarly, their pharmacokinetics in man and in certain
      animals have been defined. The theoretical basis for drug trials in leprosy
      patients is discussed in terms of the number of viable and the number of dead M.
      leprae that remain at various stages of therapy.

PMID- 1086736
TI  - Tuberculin sensitivity in guinea-pigs after vaccination with varying doses of BCG
      of 12 different strains.
AB  - In several previously reported studies a number of BCG strains, including those
      most widely used in vaccine production, were ranked according to their in vivo
      activity in various experimental models in rodents and to the local and allergic
      response that they provoked in children. In this report, 12 strains are ranked in
      terms of tuberculin conversion in guinea-pigs according to the minimum
      sensitizing dose. For 10 of these strains, this minimum dose is very low, ranging
      from 5 to 50 culturable particles. Thus the traditional practice of tuberculin
      testing guinea-pigs that have been vaccinated with a full human dose of BCG (of
      the order of one million culturable particles) has such a low discriminating
      power that it is useless as a routine test for currently used vaccines. The
      ranking obtained in this model was largely but not completely in accordance with
      similar rankings in other models. The Tokyo strain and, to some extent, the
      London strain ranked comparatively lower than they do in children. The pronounced
      lack of virulence of the Prague strain was confirmed.

PMID- 1086737
TI  - [An investigation into smoking among students].

PMID- 1086738
TI  - Diagnosis of rheumatism by means of universal criteria, obtained by the
      cybernetic method.
AB  - With a view to establishing standardized criteria for the diagnosis of rheumatism
      suitable for widespread use in polyclinics and in large-scale epidemiological
      investigations, 3000 adults and children with rheumatism or one of seven similar
      diseases were subjected to multiple screening in eight centres in the USSR using
      a specially prepared standard card and standard methods. The information obtained
      was processed by cybernetic methods. Following determination of the sensitivity,
      specificity, and informational value of 486 signs of rheumatism, 68 of the most
      indicative signs were selected as criteria of rheumatism. These were included in
      the final table and weighted according to their indicational value both
      individually and in groups as syndromes. Using the table it is possible by simple
      calculation, without using a computer, to arrive at an objective evaluation of
      the reliability of the clinical diagnosis of rheumatism in patients with one of a
      group of eight similar diseases. The final diagnostic table was tested on 562
      patients selected epidemiologically or from polyclinics or clinics and was shown
      to result in a high degree of diagnostic precision (higher than 95%).

PMID- 1086739
TI  - Sudan: national health programme and primary health care, 1977/78-1983/84.
AB  - As a follow-up to the national health programming process developed in 1975 in
      Sudan, a primary health care programme for the whole country was formulated with
      assistance from WHO. In this article the methods used in the programming and
      formulation are described and discussed. These methods ensured an intersectoral
      approach on which technical, cultural, socioeconomic, financial, and political
      considerations were based. Areas in the field of health and rural development
      requiring government and community action during the period 1977/78-1983/84 are
      identified. Details on the strategies for population coverage of rural and
      nomadic communities with primary health care are given. Fundamental to these
      strategies is community participation in the development of primary health care
      within community development as a whole.The guiding principles of these
      strategies are their technical, political, social and financial feasibility. The
      social relevance of the primary health care programme for the community and the
      developmental sectors is emphasized.

PMID- 1086740
TI  - Epidemiological studies on onchocerciasis by means of a new field technique.
AB  - A new membrane filter concentration technique for the detection and
      quantification of Onchocerca volvulus microfilariae in skin snips was compared
      for sensitivity and efficiency with a widely used "standard" technique. A field
      study was carried out in five villages in an onchocerciasis focus north-east of
      the town of Sokode, Mo river valley, Togo. Use of the new technique resulted in a
      substantial rise in the observed prevalence and density of microfilariae.

PMID- 1086741
TI  - Socioeconomic scoring in an urban area of a developing country.
AB  - A group of variables that might define "life-style" was selected and a
      questionnaire based on these was distributed to the families of 2350
      schoolchildren in Accra, Ghana to determine the presence or absence of these
      variables. Analysis of the replies revealed a set of answers that formed a
      related group. A scoring system was developed in which rarer attributes were
      weighted, and the community was thus graded by socioeconomic status on a ten
      point scale. Principles for developing questionnaires applicable to other types
      of community were defined.

PMID- 1086742
TI  - A streptomycin-sensitive revertant of a streptomycin-dependent strain of Vibrio
      cholerae.
AB  - A study was made of a streptomycin-sensitive revertant of a streptomycin
      dependent strain of V. cholerae. The revertant, designated as strain KB599,
      appears to be avirulent in animal experimental models. However, no evidence of
      multiplication was found in infant mice.

PMID- 1086743
TI  - Determination of improved myocardial perfusion after aortocoronary bypass surgery
      by exercise rubidium-81 scintigraphy.
AB  - Practical and noninvasive means are needed for evaluating efficacy of coronary
      bypass surgery (CBS) in improving blood flow (CBF) to ischemic myocardium in
      coronary patients. Revascularization was assessed in 15 patients by pre- and post
      CBS rest and exercise rubidium-81 myocardial images with a scintillation camera
      equipped with pinhole collimator and high-energy shield. Ischemic areas were
      detected by decreased 81Rb activity after exercise compared to rest. Before CBS
      all patients had exercise angina (EA), positive treadmill ECG (TECG), and
      abnormal exercise 81Rb scans. After CBS all 15 patients had increased physical
      activity before angina or completion of treadmill exercise with increased heart
      rate-blood pressure product (HRBP) (+ 63 +/- 3.2 X 10(2) bpm - mm Hg) in 14 of 15
      patients indicating increased CBF; four had positive TECG, and five had EA. The
      increased HRBP in 14 patients was associated with improved post-CBS exercise 81Rb
      scans: six had normal patterns while nine were improved with less ischemic
      patterns. Further, lack of angina and increased exercise tolerance correlated
      closely with increased 81Rb myocardial perfusion. Thus pre- and postoperative
      rest and exercise 81Rb scintigraphy gives an accurate, noninvasive, objective
      approach for evaluation of CBF following CBS and demonstrates the usefulness of
      this revascularization procedure in coronary patients.

PMID- 1086744
TI  - Long-term follow-up of patients with coronary artery bypass grafts.
AB  - A follow-up study of 1532 patients who had coronary artery bypass grafts from
      1969 through 1974 revealed that the 5-year survival rate was substantially better
      than that recorded in previously published series of patients with similar
      disease demonstrated angiographically who did not undergo operation. Within this
      group of operated patients, those who had complete myocardial revascularization
      (i.e., three grafts for those with three-vessel disease) experienced a
      significantly better long-term prognosis than those who had fewer grafts than the
      number of vessels obstructed. The mortality curve in the completely
      revascularized patients was very similar to that of the general population of the
      United States, corrected to correspond to this patient sample in age and sex.

PMID- 1086745
TI  - Refractory angina pectoris: follow-up after intraaortic balloon pumping and
      surgery.
AB  - Ffity-five patients with recurrent severe angina pectoris at rest that was
      resistant to medical therapy were treated with intraaortic balloon pumping
      (IABP), angiography, and vein bypass surgery. There were 25 patients with typical
      angina with ST depression during pain, 12 with Prinzmetal's angina, and 18
      patients with angina in the early recovery phase following "transmural"
      myocardial infarction. The severity and frequency of ischemic attacks were
      documented with hemodynamic and continuous electrocardiographic monitoring. A
      marked reduction in both frequency and intensity of attacks was produced by IABP.
      Temporary cessation of IABP resulted in rapid recurrence of angina in 40% of
      patients. All underwent selective coronary angiography and revascularization
      surgery. The overall mortality was 5.5% and the incidence of intraoperative
      myocardial infarction was under 2%. Follow-up evaluation after an average of 18
      months has shown no late deaths and sustained clinical improvement.

PMID- 1086746
TI  - Patency of internal mammary-coronary grafts.
AB  - Patency of internal mammary artery (IMA) coronary grafts was evaluated in 150
      patients having an early (20 days) and late (13 months) postoperative angiogram.
      Early and late failure for 76 right IMA grafts was 3 and 5 respectively and for
      139 left IMA grafts 7 and 7 an overall IMA patency of 95% and 90%. The IMA and
      coronary internal diameter did not relate to graft closure. Right IMA free flow
      did not correlate with graft closure. Free flow for thrombosed left IMA grafts
      (91 ml/min) was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower than for patent grafts
      (118 ml/min). Right IMA anastomotic flow of 55 ml/min was significantly (P less
      than 0.001) higher than occluded graft flow of 26 ml/min as was true for patent
      left IMA grafts (55 ml/min) and occluded grafts (43 ml/min) (P less than 0.025).
      Five of 215 IMA grafts had diffuse stenosis (greater than 50%). Saphenous vein
      coronary bypass was performed in 88 instances with an early patency of 89%
      (79/88) and a late patency of 88% (78/88). Only one of 38 vein grafts to the
      right coronary artery failed whereas eight of 44 grafts to the circumflex artery
      occluded. Experience was associated with increased late IMA patency from 81%
      (57/70), to 89% (;8/76), to 99% (68/69) in each successive group of 50 patients.
      Currently, the left IMA is routinely used for the left anterior descending artery
      and the right IMA is rarely used.

PMID- 1086747
TI  - Balloon counterpulsation following surgery for ischemic heart disease.
AB  - Intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABC) was used in 40 patients who developed
      left ventricular pump failure following surgery for ischemic heart disease. The
      IABC was inserted in the operating room in 32 patients, and within 36 hours of
      surgery in eight patients. Four patients could not be weaned from cardiopulmonary
      bypass and died in the operating room. Of the other 36 patients, eight died while
      on IABC. Twenty-eight patients (70%) were successfully weaned from IABC, although
      six died later in hospital. Twenty-two patients (55%) survived hospitalization.
      No late deaths have occurred at 5-33 months of follow-up (mean 16-4 months).
      Twenty (91%) of 22 survivors are Class I or II at time of this report.
      Postoperative pump failure occurs because of perioperative acute myocardial
      infarction and/or major preoperative left ventricular dysfunction. Patients with
      perioperative infarction who have no prior left ventricular dysfunction have a
      significantly lower mortality (14%) than do those patients with preoperative left
      ventricular dysfunction who have subsequent acute perioperative infarction
      (mortality 67%) P less than 0.05.

PMID- 1086748
TI  - Survey of amniocentesis for fetal sex determination in hemophilia carriers.
AB  - A study was designed to determine whether there is an increased risk of
      complications when amniocentesis for fetal sex determination is performed on
      hemophilia carriers. Questionnaires were sent to 112 medical centers providing
      this service in the United States, and to 19 outside the United States. Responses
      were received from 76% of the centers in the United States. Data on 11,819 taps
      were obtained. Only 75 taps (0.64%) were performed for the indication of
      hemophilia. The frequency of fetal deaths in the general sample (1.84%) was not
      significantly different from that in the subsample of hemophilia carriers
      (1.33%). The results of this survey correspond very closely to data from a
      National Registry on amniocentesis for various indicaions in such variables as
      the number of taps needed for diagnosis, color of the fluid obtained, and number
      of dry taps. Carrier women who had bleeding problems during the monitored
      pregnancy are described. The problems might have been related to the
      amniocentesis in three women. It is calculated that only 2-4% of hemophilia
      carrier women who might have amniocentesis are utilizing the service.

PMID- 1086749
TI  - T, B and K cells in autoimmune thyroid disease.
AB  - The K-cell cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphoid cells from 104
      patients with autoimmune thyroid disease and from age and sex matched control
      subjects was measured using chicken erythrocytes as target cells. Patients with
      Hashimoto thyroiditis,primary hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis who were either
      newly diagnosed and untreated or had received therapy for less than or equal to 1
      year showed a significant increase in K-cell cytotoxic activity. Patients who had
      received treatment for greater than 1 year and less than or equal to 5 years
      showed no such comparable increase in cytotoxic activity. Within the group of
      patients with untreated thyrotoxicosis it was found that K-cell cytotoxic
      activity was related to both goitre size and serum antibody titre. Thus patients
      with little or no goitre showed a highly significant elevation of cytotoxic
      activity whereas patients with moderate to large goitres gave values within the
      normal range. Similarly patients with no detectable serum thyroid autoantibodies
      showed high K-cell activity while patients with positive antibody titres did not.
      It was also shown that neither the absolute number nor the proportion of
      circulating T and B lymphocytes in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease as
      assessed by the sheep red cell rosette method and by indirect immunofluorescence
      was significantly different from that observed in the normal control population.
      No correlation was found between peripheral blood K-cell cytotoxic activity and
      the percentage of circulating null cells, i.e. 100-(percentage T + percentage B)
      in either patients or control subjects.

PMID- 1086750
TI  - Acute phase proteins and C9 in patients with Behcet's syndrome and aphthous
      ulcers.
AB  - Estimation of the concentration of C9, C-reactive protein (CRP) and alpha1
      antitrypsin in forty sera from patients with Behcet's syndrome and recurrent oral
      ulcers showed significantly increased amounts of C9 and CRP in Behcet's syndrome.
      The concentration of C9 was also significantly raised in recurrent oral
      ulceration, though to a lesser extent than in Behcet's syndrome. The assay C9 and
      CRP might be useful in the differential diagnosis of Behcet's syndrome,
      especially from recurrent oral ulcers. It is suggested that during epithelial
      inflammation in recurrent oral ulcers some of the acute phase proteins are
      increased and in some patients these may modulate the immunological mechanism in
      such a way as to induce a transition from focal oral ulceration to the multifocal
      Behcet's syndrome.

PMID- 1086751
TI  - Receptors for Helix pomatia A haemagglutinin on leukaemic lymphocytes from
      patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL).
AB  - Blood lymphocytes from thirteen patients with CLL were studied for surface-bound
      Ig (SIg), Fc receptors (EA rosettes), receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E
      rosettes) and receptors for Helix pomatia A haemagglutinin (HP), a carbohydrate
      binding protein with specificity for N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and related sugars.
      Fluorescein-labelled HP binds to subpopulations of human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes (PBL) treated with neuraminidase. In normal peripheral blood, HP
      binds to the T-lymphocytes while the majority of the B cells bearing surface
      bound immunoglobulin do not have receptors for HP. In untreated CLL, HP binds to
      90-100 percent of the neuraminidase-treated PBL. Almost all of the SI-G-POSITIVE
      CELLS IN CLL patients also have receptors for HP. Two groups of patients were
      found: in one the total fraction of SIg+ cells was less than or equal to 50
      percent and about 30 percent of these lost their Ig during incubation at 37
      degrees C. No such loss of SIg was revealed in the remaining patients where total
      SIg+ fraction was approximately 70 percent. These patients usually had higher
      blood lymphocyte counts, probably reflecting a more advanced disease. CLL
      patients in remission with low numbers of leukaemic cells also had low numbers of
      blood lymphocytes carrying both SIg and HP-receptors. It is concluded that
      leukaemic cells carry both HP receptors and SIg. Testing of this combination
      therefore provides a valuable new tool for monitoring patients with CLL.

PMID- 1086752
TI  - Peripheral blood lymphocyte populations in chronic liver disease.
AB  - Mature T lymphocyte concentrations are reduced, null cell concentrations are
      increased, and Fc receptor bearing (B and K) lymphocyte concentrations are
      normal, in the peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatocellular or
      cholestatic liver disease. Some null cells can be stimulated by either thymosin
      or levamisole to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. These changes are present
      in viral, alcohol associated and 'autoimmune' liver disease and are therefore
      probably secondary phenomena relating to liver damage.

PMID- 1086753
TI  - Study of lymphocyte subpopulations in normal humans and patients with systemic
      lupus erythematosus by fractionation of peripheral blood lymphocytes on a
      discontinuous Ficoll gradient.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes of thirty normal volunteers and fifty-two patients
      with systemic lupus erythematosus were fractionated using a discontinuous (5-30
      percent) Ficoll gradient. Such fractionation permitted the isolation,
      identification of study of null cells, T cells and B cells. Patients with
      inactive SLE were found to have a cell distribution and responsiveness to PHA,
      Con A and Pokeweed mitogen (PWM) similar to controls. In contrast, patients with
      active SLE showed a significant decrease in T-cell fractions as well as a
      relative increase in null cells, a normal distribution of B cells, a marked
      reduction in responsiveness to Con A, a lesser reduction to PHA and only a minor
      reduction to PWM. With increasing disease activity, the number of null cells
      increased despite lymphopenia. Spontaneous lymphocyte transformation was observed
      in patients with SLE. This occurred predominantly in the fractions enriched in B
      cells and was observed both early (0-16 hr) and late (68-72 hr) in the lymphocyte
      cultures. The method of discontinuous Ficoll gradients is both versatile and
      reproducible with good correlations between isolated lymphoid subpopulations and
      disease activity.

PMID- 1086754
TI  - Cell suppression in PPD-induced blast specific response of human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Secific stimulation of T-cells by PPD was inhibited by their autologous B cells.
      This inhibition was obtained with B cells separated either by depletion of E-RFC
      or by elution, with human IgG of lymphocytes bound to Sephadex beads coated with
      rabbit antibodies anti-human Fab fragments. The suppression was proportional to
      the number of B cells added to 10(6) T cells incubated with PPD and as previously
      reported was more marked in the case of B or T cells from BCG-vaccinated subjects
      with negative skin tests. The suppressive phenomenon required viable B cells and
      was inhibited by cycloheximide but was not altered by pretreatment of suppressor
      cells with actinomycin D or colchicine. It seems that B-suppressor cells
      interfere with recognition of PPD by T cells rather than with the proliferative
      phase of the specific blast response. Using various surface markers (i.e. Ig, C3
      and Fc receptors) it was shown that the suppressor cells represent a subset of Ig
      bearing B cells which do not carry Fc receptors.

PMID- 1086755
TI  - Influence of dietary protein restriction on immune competence. II. Effect on
      lymphoid tissue.
AB  - Weanling mice fed a 4 percent diet showed a generalized loss of lymphoid tissue
      which was greater than the loss of total body weight. This effect was greatest in
      the thymus greater than spleen greater than mesenteric lymph node. Cell loss was
      most pronounced during the 1st week on diets, then remained at stable levels for
      3 weeks and showed a gradual rise thereafter. The effect was shown to be mediated
      partly by a cessation of growth in lymphoid organs due to the low protein intake
      and, secondly, an adrenal corticosteroid induced lympholysis which actually
      reduced cell numbers. Recirculating T cells and resident B cells were amongst the
      least affected cells whereas stem cells, non-migratory T cells and other
      reticuloendothelial cells were most depressed in numbers. At no stage was the
      germinal centre forming capacity of the mesenteric node lost although cell
      recruitment to antigenically stimulated nodes was diminished. During nutritional
      repletion the spleen, thymus and mesenteric node all showed different and
      characteristic regrowth. The spleen was most active initially and rapidly
      reconstituted haemopoietic cells and B cells. This was followed by the thymus
      which showed a delayed reinitiation of its normal growth kinetics which had been
      interrupted by the diet. The evidence suggested that full rehabilitation of the
      immune apparatus took place even after 2 months of nutritional deprivation.

PMID- 1086756
TI  - Hemophilus influenzae empyema--two cases.

PMID- 1086757
TI  - Family intervention in the pediatric clinic: a necessary approach to the
      vulnerable child.

PMID- 1086758
TI  - Ampicillin and an ester in experimental Hemophilus influenzae meningitis.
AB  - A new methoxymethyl ester of hetacillin is highly lipid-soluble, a property which
      was expected to enhance its penetration into the central nervous system (CNS). We
      compared the penetration of the ester and ampicillin into the cerebrospinal fluid
      (CSF) of normal rabbits and those with experimental Hemophilus influenzae
      meningitis. In normal rabbits treated by constant intravenous infusion, mean per
      cent penetration (see article) of the ester was four times as great as that of
      ampicillin (6.6 +/- 3.7% against 1.6 +/- 1.9%), and the difference in CSF drug
      levels attained was accentuated when bolus IV infusion was used. Drug
      concentration in brain tissue was three times as great in a rabbit treated with
      the ester (0.79 mug/gm against 0.26 mug/gm). In rabbits with meningitis, the
      ester again achieved higher CSF concentrations. Per cent penetration into CSF in
      infected rabbits was 23% for the ester and 13% for ampicillin. Bactericidal
      activity of the drugs was comparable; over 8 hr of treatment both drugs
      significantly reduced the CSF bacterial titers of infected animals. Our data
      demonstrated that the ester enters the CSF and CNS in higher concentration than
      ampicillin, with no loss in bactericidal activity.

PMID- 1086759
TI  - [Aortocoronary bypass for post-cannulation coronary stenosis after aortic valve
      replacement in an 80-year-old man].

PMID- 1086760
TI  - Immunobiology of the gastrointestinal tract.
AB  - The interplay between the gut and immune abnormality appears to be a logical
      extension of the thesis that secretory  IgA  is the major immunologic line of
      defense between the outside environment and the host. Thus immunologic
      deficiency, particularly of IgA and combined T- and B-lymphocyte abnormalites,
      profoundly influences gut integrity. Conversely, gut pathology is bound to
      interfere with immunologic function, so that both humoral and cellular immunity
      may be impaired. Finally, hypersensitivity phenomena in the gut, resulting in
      immune injury, may cause gastrointestinal disturbances. As better diagnostic
      tools have become available, more direct evidence of hypersensitivity immune
      injury has been described.

PMID- 1086761
TI  - [Improved control of the pressure during use of the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube].
AB  - For the control of acute hemorrhage from esophageal varices by balloon tamponade
      a proper application of the Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is necessary to arrest
      bleeding and to minimize complications. A simple modification of the pressure
      measurement used up to now is described with other suitable applications. By this
      modified technique a correct pressure can be kept in the esophageal balloon
      spontaneously; its ease in handling in intensive care makes for better results in
      emergency management of balloon-tamponade in treatment of acute bleeding from
      esophageal varices.

PMID- 1086762
TI  - [Rupture of an aneurysm of the splenic artery into the colon. Apropos of a case].

PMID- 1086763
TI  - Intestinal immunization with soluble bacterial antigens: the example of cholera
      toxoid.
AB  - The studies described are aimed at a better understanding of the intestinal
      immunological system and its role in protection against enteric infection. The
      cellular kinetics of the intestinal immune response to cholera toxoid were
      studied in rats and the protection afforded by toxoid immunization was studied in
      dogs. Memory was demonstrated in the gut immune system. Plasma cells containing
      IgA antitoxin appeared in large numbers in gut lamina propria when intraduodenal
      boosting followed either intraperitoneal priming or prolonged oral priming,
      intraperitoneal priming being the most efficient. Immunization by the
      intraperitoneal route alone produced no response in small bowel lamina propria.
      Lamina propria plasma cells were derived from precursors in Peyer's patches or
      mesenteric lymph nodes which migrated through the thoracic duct and systemic
      circulation before homing to the gut. Dogs were immunized parenterally with
      cholera toxin or toxoid and challenged orally with Vibrio cholerae. Protection
      correlated closely with serum antitoxin titres and was usually brief. Passive
      intravenous immunization with IgG antitoxin was also protective. In contrast,
      subcutaneous priming followed by oral boosting yielded longer protection without
      elevated serum antitoxin titres. Antitoxin was detected in jejunal washings only
      briefly after local boosting. The mechanism by which protection is prolonged is
      unclear but its greater duration after parenteral priming and oral boosting
      emphasizes the importance of stimulating the gut immune mechanism in attempts to
      immunize against enteric bacterial infections. The parenteral-oral squence may be
      an effective means of immunizing the intestine with non-replicating protein
      antigens.

PMID- 1086764
TI  - Spontaneous rupture of colic-artery aneurysms: report of two cases.
AB  - Two cases of spontaneous rupture of colicartery aneurysms are presented, one
      involving the left colic artery and the other the right colic artery, and the
      literature on abdominal apoplexy and visceral arterial aneurysms is reviewed. In
      view of the potential for life-threatening hemorrhage, it is urged that, whenever
      feasible, visceral arterial aneurysms be resected prophylactically when
      discovered by angiography or at celiotomy.

PMID- 1086765
TI  - [Therapy of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1086766
TI  - [Trasylol in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1086767
TI  - [Personal results in the early diagnosis of stomach carcinoma].

PMID- 1086768
TI  - [Effect of heparin and trasylol on morphological and certain functional changes
      in experimental peritonitis].

PMID- 1086769
TI  - Regulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in uterine tissue in
      organ culture.
AB  - An organ culture technique, employing a totally defined medium, was developed, in
      which the levels of glucose-6-P dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity in uterine tissue
      from estradiol-treated ovariectomized mature rats continued to increase in vitro
      for 18 h at a rate similar to that seen in vivo. Uterine G6PD levels did not
      increase in vitro in tissues from estrogen-deprived rats even if estradiol (10(
      6)m) was added in vitro, but the administration of estradiol (5 mug/rat) in vivo
      for as little as 2 min permitted G6PD levels to increase by 0.03 units/uterus
      (from 0.075 to 0.10, units/uterus) after the 18 h incubation. The maximum
      increase of 0.08 units/uterus (from 0.147 to 0.230 units/uterus) was seen in
      uteri from rats which were given estradiol 12 h prior to sacrigice. Tissues from
      animals given estradiol for greater than 30 h exhibit a net decrease in G6PD
      levels under the in vitro conditions. The in vitro increase in G6PD activity is
      inhibited by the addition of either actinomycin D (5 mug/ml), cycloheximide (5
      mug/ml), or cordycepin (150 mug/ml), or by the intrauterine injection of
      actinomycin D (10 mug/rat). Intrauterine administration of cycloheximide (100
      mug/rat) inhibited the in vivo increase in enzyme activity; however, the enzyme
      levels increased after placement of uterine tissues from these animals into organ
      culture. The removal of cycloheximide, which was added at the beginning of
      incubation after the 12th h, restores the ability of the tissues to increase the
      G3PD activity, and this restoration is not blocked by the addition of actinomycin
      D, suggesting that the mRNA activity for uterine G6PD accumulated during in vitro
      inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide. The in vitro increase in
      uterine G6PD is due to an increase in immunologically identifiable G6PD protein
      and this increase is due, at least in part, to an increase in the de novo
      synthesis of the enzyme, as measured by the incorporation of [14C]leucine into
      immunochemically isolated G6PD protein. These results suggest that once initiated
      in vivo by estradiol, the uterus is capable of continuing in vitro those events,
      including the synthesis of both RNA and protein, which result in an increased
      rate of synthesis of uterine G6PD.

PMID- 1086770
TI  - Long-term survival following aortocoronary artery bypass. Analysis of 4,522
      consecutive patients.
AB  - At the Texas Heart Institute, from October 1969 through December 1974 a
      consecutive series of 4,522 patients who underwent aortocoronary bypass
      procedures was analyzed. Our experience with this procedure over a 5-year period
      demonstrated a decreasing operative and long-term mortality. This included
      patients who had aortocoronary bypass alone or in combination with other
      procedures such as resection of a left ventricular aneurysm or aortic and mitral
      valve procedures. Actuarial follow-up during the 5 years revealed mortality to be
      approximately 2.5% per year. Current operative mortality is less than 3.5%
      regardless of the number of grafts implanted. The rate of late myocardial
      infarction was only 4% for the entire series. Coronary artery bypass can be
      safely performed with minimal mortality and increased long-term survival.

PMID- 1086771
TI  - The intestinal mucosal lesions in shock. I. Studies on the pathogenesis.
AB  - Mucosal lesions were produced in feline small intestine by evoking a simulated
      intestinal shock (local hypotension at 30 mm Hg and stimulation of regional
      sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves at 6 Hz for 2 h). The degree of mucosal damage
      was correlated to the level of intestinal blood flow. Microscopically
      characteristic lesions developed regularly in the small intestinal mucosa when
      intestinal blood flow was reduced below 12 ml/min X 100 g during the regional
      shock. The mucosal damage was graded histologically. No difference was found
      between untreated controls and cats in which the intestinal lumen was perfused
      with nitrogenated saline. Perfusion with oxygenated saline and i.v. injections of
      methylprednisolone on the other hand, prevented almost completely the development
      of the lesions. Albumin, activated charcoal and aprotinin instilled into the
      intestinal lumen reduced to some extent the mucosal damage. The obtained data
      support the view that hypoxia is the key factor in the pathogenesis of the
      mucosal lesions. However, epithelial and intraluminal enzymes are probably
      important contributing factors.

PMID- 1086772
TI  - The intestinal mucosal lesions in shock. II. The relationship between the mucosal
      lesions and the cardiovascular derangement following regional shock.
AB  - The relationship between the mucosal lesions in the gut, observed after a 2-hour
      period of regional hypotension, and the blood pressure fall seen after the
      hypotensive period was investigated in cats. Untreated controls were compared to
      animals treated with intraluminal perfusion with nitrogenated or oxygenated
      saline or treated with intraluminal instillation of albumin, activated charcoal
      or aprotinin or i.v. injections of methylprednisolone. Untreated controls and
      cats perfused with nitrogenated saline exhibited a pronounced reduction in
      arterial blood pressure during the first posthypotensive hour. In the animals
      treated with methylprednisolone or perfused intraluminally with oxygenated saline
      only a small fall of blood pressure was observed. In the remaining groups of
      animals a moderate blood pressure reduction was noted. These results suggest a
      causal relationship between the intestinal mucosal damage and the posthypotensive
      cardiovascular derangement possibly via the release of cardiotoxic material from
      the hypoxic intestinal villi.

PMID- 1086774
TI  - Mitogen-induced membrane changes and cell proliferation in T lymphocyte
      subpopulations.
AB  - Rabbit thymus-dependent lymphocytes were exposed to phytohemagglutinin (PHA),
      concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) or anti-immunoglobulin at various
      stages of maturation. Proliferation (induction of DNA synthesis) and early
      membrane events (turnover of membrane phospholipids) were measured in neonatal
      thymocytes, normal adult thymocytes, prednisolone-resistant thymocytes and lymph
      node lymphocytes. In immature thymocytes PHA induced only a marginal increase in
      DNA synthesis. The mitotic response increased with maturation, but only
      peripheral T lymphocytes exhibited maximum stimulation. Con A and PWM were able
      to induce DNA synthesis in immature thymocytes and the degree of stimulation was
      shown to increase with maturation. In contrast to the different degree of
      proliferation of thymocytes induced by PHA or Con A the incorporation of
      [14C]oleate, [14C]choline or [14C]acetate into phospholipids was stimulated to
      the same degree by these lectins. Reactivity of T lymphocytes, as measured by
      early membrane changes at different stages of maturation, to different T cell
      mitogens appears to be identical. Differences in degree of cell proliferation
      therefore may be secondary phenomena due, in part, to tissue culture conditions.
      Reactivity to mitogens as measured by phospholipid turnover appears to be an
      early acquired function in the maturation of lymphocytes of the T cell line.

PMID- 1086775
TI  - B cell tolerance induced by polymeric antigens. IV. Antigen-mediated inhibition
      of antibody-forming cells.
AB  - The role of antibody-forming cell (AFC) blockade in the genesis of hapten
      specific tolerance induced by hapten (2,4-dinitrophenyl)-coupled pneumococcal
      polysaccharide (DNP-lys-S3) was investigated. Tolerizing doses of DNP-lys-S3
      given to mice making antibodies to DNP-hemocyanin a day before assay markedly
      reduced numbers of detectable anti-DNP AFC. Furthermore, anti-DNP AFC were
      specifically inhibited by brief in vitro incubation with DNP-lys-S3, followed by
      extensive washing. This inhibition requires multivalent binding of tolerogen to
      immunoglobulin receptors on AFC, and appears to result from a decrease in the
      rate of antibody secretion per cell. A variety of data indicate that IgM AFC are
      more susceptible to blockade than IgG AFC, and the susceptibility of both cell
      types decreases with time after immunization. This probably reflects differences
      in the density and in the rate of loss of surface immunoglobulin receptors on IgM
      and IgG AFC and their immediate precursors. However, we conclude that under
      "conventional" tolerizing conditions, i.e. when tolerogen is given prior to
      immunogen, DNP-lys-S3 suppresses antibody formation primarily by inactivating DNP
      specific precursor cells. AFC blockade is therefore probably only relevant in the
      suppression of (primary?) IgM responses by large doses of tolerogen. The relative
      importance of precursor inactivation and AFC blockade in tolerogenesis of IgM
      responses to T cell-independent antigens (such as S3) remains to be elucidated.

PMID- 1086776
TI  - Lymphocyte stimulation by protein A of Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus (SpA) is known to bind to the Fc region of
      most mammalian IgG classes. In the present article data are presented showing
      that SpA is a highly efficient mitogen for human peripheral B lymphocytes, with
      no detectable activity for T lymphocytes. In order to achieve optimal stimulating
      conditions SpA should be presented to the lymphocytes on an insoluble matrix,
      such as the SpA-positive bacteria themselves or SpA covalently attached to
      Sephadex or Sepharose beads. Using such conditions SpA is equivalent with regard
      to stimulatory capacity for B lymphocytes as phytohemagglutinin is for the human
      T lymphocytes. Specificity controls proved beyond doubt that SpA and not any
      other contaminating product is the B cell mitogen. It is concluded that SpA as an
      inducer of human B lymphocyte division might serve as a highly useful assay in
      the clinical assessment of B lymphocyte function. It should also be a suitable
      tool in the fine analysis of B lymphocyte activation via the specific
      interactions with surface IgG molecules.

PMID- 1086777
TI  - Studies on the activation of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages by the
      macrophage cytotoxicity factor (MCF).
AB  - The capacity of bone marrow-derived macrophages to be rendered cytotoxic by
      macrophage cytotoxicity factor (MCF) at different stages of maturation was
      tested. Under in vitro conditions not only mature macrophages but also
      nonadherent precursor cells were successfully activated. Mature adherent bone
      marrow macrophages can be rendered cytotoxic for up to three weeks in tissue
      culture. Cytotoxic effects are demonstrable even at a killer target ratio of
      0.5:1. Granulocytes do not respond to activation with MCF. Bone marrow-derived
      macrophages can be collected at early stages of maturation, when they grow in
      suspension or have developed only loose adherence. Macrophages which have
      differentiated in vitro from bone marrow never show any signs of nonspecific
      activation as measured by our cytotoxic assay system.

PMID- 1086778
TI  - Identification of a high molecular weight protein on the surface of murine thymus
      and thymus-dependent cells.
AB  - Rabbit anti-mouse Ig reacted with mouse thymocytes resulting in the formation of
      caps which were shed into the medium and subsequently injected into rabbits. The
      antiserum from these animals (AMTP) reacted strongly with thymocytes and
      peripheral T cells and weakly with B cells. The antiserum did not react via the
      Thy-1 antigen and could be made specific for T lymphocytes by absorption with B
      lymphocytes. By surface labeling of lymphocytes with 125I, it could be shown that
      the major T lymphocyte antigen recognized by AMTP was one, or possibly two,
      large, single chain molecules with a molecular weight of approximately 200000.
      This molecule was not Ig and, furthermore, the AMTP did not react with cell
      surface Ig of B lymphocytes. The implications of this finding for previous
      reports on the existence of immunoglobulin on T lymphocytes are discussed.

PMID- 1086779
TI  - Suppressor cell induction in vitro. II. Cellular requirements of suppressor cell
      induction.
AB  - The cellular requirements for the induction of antigen-specific suppressor cells
      (SC) in vitro were studied. Macrophage depletion, by either nylon wool or
      polystyrene columns or iron (and magnet) treatment or a combination of methods,
      did not diminish SC induction, in contrast to its effect on helper cell
      induction. The requirement for T-T interaction in SC induction using splenic T
      cells was studied by the use of adult thymectomy and anti-lymphocyte serum, which
      selectively deplete short-lived and recirculating T cells respectively. Since
      suppressor cell induction was markedly diminished, or abolished by either
      procedure, but reconstituted by mixing these 2 populations, it was concluded that
      there was T-T interaction in the development of SC, just as there is in the
      induction of other T cell reactions, such as the graft-versus-host response, the
      T killer cell response, the helper cell response and, tentatively, delayed
      hypersensitivity. By the use of double-chamber tissue culture flasks, with the 2
      cell populations separated by a cell impermeable membrane, it was found that T-T
      interaction does not require cell contact and is thus mediated by factor(s). The
      direct precursor of antigen-specific suppressor cells is resistant to adult
      thymectomy but sensitive to anti-lymphocyte serum.

PMID- 1086780
TI  - Effects of levamisole on spontaneous rosette-forming cells in murine spleen.
AB  - Levamisole, an anti-anergic chemotherapeutic agent, is shown to depress the
      azathioprine sensitivity of rosette-forming cells (RFC) in the spleen of normal
      mice, and to restore the azathioprine sensitivity of RFC in the spleen of adult
      thymectomized mice. Using the fully active dose of 1.25 mg/kg i.v., the
      restoration effect was present 15 h after treatment with the drug and almost
      disappeared after 48 h. Levamisole was ineffective on RFC in vitro. These results
      suggest that Levamisole might interfere with the reactivity of T lymphocytes as
      has been described for drugs interfering with cyclic nucleotide metabolism.

PMID- 1086781
TI  - Lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells II. Characteristics and
      tissue distribution of concanavalin A-activated cytotoxic effector cells.
AB  - In vivo or in vitro activation of cytotoxic effector lymphocytes by concanavalin
      A (Con A) has been shown to result in a population of effector cells exhibiting a
      degree of immunological specificity when Con A was present during the cytotoxic
      assay (Waterfield, J.D. et al., Cell. Immunol. 1975. 17:392). In this
      communication we have characterized the Con A-activated effector cell by physical
      criteria and tried to assign it to a given subpopulation of thymus-derived
      lymphocytes. It was shown that macrophages played no role in target cell lysis in
      this system, nor was their presence required for Con A activation of the effector
      cell. The effector cell proved insensitive to anti-theta serum, but was
      classified as a T cell by the enrichment of cytotoxicity when a purified
      population of T cells was activated by Con A in vitro and by the failure to
      activate the effector cell in nude mice. Precursors of the effector cell were
      shown to reside primarily in the spleen, to be radioresistant up to 400 R, and to
      be short-lived after adult thymectomy. Thus, the effector cell can be classified
      with the T1 population of T cells and has similar characteristics as a
      cytolytically active cell described by Stobo et al. (J. Immunol. 1973. 110: 362,
      652).

PMID- 1086782
TI  - Activation of T lymphocytes to M locus determinants in vivo. I. Quantitation of T
      cell proliferation and migration into thoracic duct lymph.
AB  - Proliferative responses to M locus (Mls) determinants were investigated in vivo
      by injecting T cell-containing populations intravenously into irradiated H2
      identical, Mls-incompatible mice. Responses were studied 1-6 days later by
      measuring levels of radioactivity in the spleen and lymph nodes of the recipient
      45 min after intravenous injection of tritiated thymidine. High responses were
      observed against Mlsa and Mlsd determinants, i.e. determinants which give strong
      proliferative responses in vitro. With injection of thoracic duct lymphocytes
      (TDL), lymph node or thymus cells, the responses, both in the spleen and the
      lymph nodes, reached a peak at day 3-4 and then fell sharply. This was in marked
      contrast to the stimulation observed with H-2-incompatible mice where, with TDL
      or lymph node cells (though not with thymus cells), responses were low at day 3-4
      but reached high levels at day 6. Significant responses were also observed
      against Mlsb and Mlsc determinants, i.e. determinants which stimulate poorly in
      vitro. The kinetics of this response differed from that against Mlsa or Mlsd
      determinants in in that proliferation was very low at day 4 but high at day 6. No
      evidence was found that the responses observed reflected "back-stimulation" by
      the host. Since congenic resistant strains were not used, the possibility that
      the stimulation observed was in fact due to minor transplantation antigens rather
      than Mls determinants could not be excluded. Large numbers of blast cells
      appeared in thoracic duct lymph of mice sustaining responses to Mlsa or Mlsd
      determinants. Nearly all of these cells had recently synthesized DNA and entered
      the lymph after day 3.

PMID- 1086783
TI  - Role of macrophages in the generation of T helper cells. IV. Nature of
      genetically related factor derived from macrophages incubated with soluble
      antigens.
AB  - Macrophages incubated with soluble antigens for 1-4 days release factors capable
      of inducing T helper cells. The nature and some of the properties of this
      genetically related macrophage factor (GRF) were investigated. By use of
      immunoadsorbents, GRF was shown to contain I region-coded products (Ia antigens)
      linked to a small antigenic fragment. The genes coding for the Ia antigens
      detectable in GRF lie in the I region of the H-2 complex. GRF does not react with
      anti-immunoglobulin, anti-C3 or anti-human beta2-microglobulin antisera, and its
      activity cannot be removed by antigen immunoadsorbents. GRF is heat-labile,
      sensitive to proteolytic enzymes and has a molecular weight of about 55 000
      Daltons. The relationship of GRF to other factors known to contain I region-coded
      products and reported to be effective in cell cooperation is discussed.

PMID- 1086784
TI  - B cell tolerance induced by polymeric antigens. V. Different avidities of primed
      and virgin precursor cells for paucivalent antigen.
AB  - We have compared the avidity of virgin and primed hapten-specific precursor cells
      for DNP-lys-S3 (dinitrophenylated type 3 pneumococcal polysaccharide) by
      measuring its capacity to prevent them from binding highly radioactive DNP
      hemocyanin, and thereby protect them from committing hapten-specific "suicide".
      Moderately substituted conjugates (e.g. DNP-lys2.7S3) protected virgin and memory
      B cells impartially. In contrast, DNP-lys0.6S3 protected memory cells
      efficiently, but protected virgin cells only at considerably higher
      concentrations. These results are consistent with previous evidence - from this
      and other systems - that there is a higher density of receptors on primed than on
      unprimed B cells - the significance of which is discussed.

PMID- 1086785
TI  - Lymphocyte proliferation in vitro induced by soluble protein antigens. II.
      Cellular requirements.
AB  - Immune guinea pig lymph node cells were fractionated on Ig anti-Ig or HSA anti
      HSA affinity columns or on plastic surface in medium containing carbonyl iron.
      These techniques selectively removed B lymphocytes, K lymphocytes or adherent
      cells. The residual cells (Fc receptor-negative T lymphocytes) responded to
      soluble antigen in vitro in the same way or even better compared with
      nonfractionated cells. In addition, there was no indication that antigen-antibody
      complexes were superior to antigen in triggering lymph node cells or purified
      lymph code T lymphocytes into DNA synthesis. The results obtained suggested that
      memory T lymphocytes can be stimulated by antigen autonomously.

PMID- 1086786
TI  - The immunological properties of haptens coupled to thymus-independent carrier
      molecules. IV. The IgG response to dinitrophenylated Ficoll.
AB  - Dinitrophenylated polysucrose (DNP-Ficoll) elicits T cell-independent IgM anti
      DNP antibody formation in mice. This antigen also elicits a heterogeneous IgG1
      and IgG2 anti-DNP response, which is operationally as T-independent as the IgM
      response. However, a concomitant graft-versus-host reaction markedly enhances the
      IgG response (allogeneic effect). These results confirm those of others,
      indicating that a certain proportion of the precursors of IgG-producing cells can
      be triggered by some T-independent antigens. However, our results suggest that
      even with such antigens optimal triggering of IgG precursors requires T cell
      help.

PMID- 1086787
TI  - Migratory patterns of B lymphocytes. V. Surface Ig and migration properties of
      density gradient-separated bursa cells.
AB  - A study was made of bovine serum albumin density gradient-separated bursa cells
      with respect to their distribution on the gradients, % cytoxicity with anti-Ig +
      complement (C) or anti-mu + C, and localization of fractions in irradiated
      syngeneic recipients. Layer A showed a higher cytotoxicity with anti-Ig + C or
      anti-mu + C than the others; layer D showed the lowest % cytotoxicity, although a
      large % of the cells not killed by anti-Ig were killed by anti-bursa serum + C.
      The C + D layers contained a much larger fraction of the Ig+ cells from the bursa
      in the 1--4-week-old than in the 6--12-week-old animals, suggesting a relative
      shift towards lower density of Ig+ bursa cells with age. When [3H]adenosine
      labeled bursa cells from density gradient fractions were transferred, the %
      injected radioactivity found in recipient spleens was higher for fractions A and
      B than for fraction C + D. While 50--60 % of the cells from fractions A and B
      which localized in spleen were found in germinal centers and follicles, a much
      lower % of the cells from fraction C + D seen in spleen localized in these areas.
      The results were in agreement with those of previous studies suggesting that it
      is primarily the Ig-bearing population among bursa cells which localizes in
      follicles.

PMID- 1086788
TI  - Demonstration that IgG memory is carried by IgG-bearing cells.
AB  - Memory B cells which give rise to IgG antibody-producing cells were generally
      assumed to be IgG-bearing cells. However, recent studies indicating that very few
      IgG-bearing cells exist in lymphoid tissue brought this assumption into question.
      In this study, we examined directly the question whether IgG-bearing cells
      contain functional precursors of IgG antibody-producing cells. Using the adoptive
      secondary immune response, we demonstrated that Ig-1 b-bearing cells, isolated
      with the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), are the functional precursors
      of Ig- 1 b-producing cells. Further, we have enriched IgG2 and IgG1 memory B
      cells using the FACS. The results show that IgG2-bearing cells are the functional
      precursors of the IgG2 antibody-producing cells. Likewise, the IgG1-bearing cells
      are the functional precursors of IgG1 antibody-producing cells. Thus, IgG memory
      cells have surface IgG which indicates the class and allotype commitment of the
      memory cell and its progeny antibody-forming cells.

PMID- 1086789
TI  - Lack of neonatal susceptibility to induction of tolerance by polysaccharide
      antigens.
AB  - Susceptibility to tolerance induction by polysaccharides during the neonatal
      period has been studied with the alpha-1.3 and alpha-1.6 glucosyl epitopes of
      dextran B1355 in BALB/c mice and the beta-2.6 fructosyl epitope of levan in CBA
      mice. Acquisition of responsiveness, as measured by plaque-forming cell (PFC)
      assays, is relatively late - taking more than 14 days to appear and 2 - 3 months
      to attain maturity in the case of alpha-1.6 glucosyl and beta-2.6 fructosy. The
      mice responded well to sheep red blood cells and 2,4-dinitrophenylated (DNP)
      keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) by 14 days, but were refractory to another thymus
      independent antigen DNP-Ficoll. Nonresponsiveness of 2-week-old spleen cells to
      the polysaccharides was stable on transfer and could not be attributed to
      suppressor cells. Despite this long post-natal phase of immaturity, no evidence
      was obtained of concomitant susceptibility to tolerance induction by textran and
      levan. Response curves in mice injected at birth with weight-adjusted doses
      revealed similar or even higher "high-zone" thresholds to those tolerized at 3
      months. Only partial alpha-1.3 glucosyl tolerance is inducible in adults but this
      was no greater after neonatal exposure, which led also to short-lived alpha-1.6
      tolerance. Repeated injections of B1355 and levan during the first 10 days was no
      more tolerogenic and PFC appeared spontaneously with maturity in mice given these
      antigens neonatally. Thus, the recognized neonatal susceptibility to thymus
      dependent antigens does not extend to these thymus-independent antigens. It is
      therefore considered that tolerance studied with polysaccharides has little
      relevance to the mechanism of self-tolerance acquired in the embryo and, in vivo,
      is determined by interaction with a relatively mature B cell rather than by
      "clonal abortion" of a tolerance-sensitive precursor stage.

PMID- 1086790
TI  - Human T cell receptor for IgM: specificity for the pentameric Fc fragment.
AB  - The specificity of the IgM receptor expressed by human T cells cultured in IgM
      free media has been investigated. IgM receptors have been detected using a
      rosette system with ox erythrocytes coated with rabbit antibody (EA(IgM)), and
      the inhibitory capacity of different IgM fragments in the rosette system has been
      tested. It was found that F(c)5mu but not F(ab')2mu, nor monomeric IgM (8 S IgM)
      inhibited EA (IgM) rosette-forming cells. This indicates that the receptor
      present on the surface of T cells has affinity for a structure located in the Fc
      portion of the pentameric IgM.

PMID- 1086791
TI  - Immunosuppressive activity of Phaseolus coccineus and Phaseolus vulgaris extracts
      in mice.
AB  - Lectin mixtures from 10 samples of Phaseolus coccineus and Phaseolus vulgaris
      beans were used as immunosuppressive agents in the sheep red blood cell (SRBC)
      antibody response of the mouse. Some bean samples contain lectins capable of
      inducing several times better suppression of humoral immunity than concanavalin A
      and phytohemagglutinin tested before in the same immune system. High dilutions of
      the 10 bean extracts were shown to agglutinate mouse, rabbit and sheep
      erythrocytes in vitro but the titers and "specificities" did not correlate with
      the immunosuppressive potency and selectivity displayed by the same extracts in
      mice. Two immunosuppressive bean extracts, assayed in lymphocyte cultures, were
      found to stimulate DNA synthesis of murine spleen T cells. This interaction
      appears to be a necessary step for the reduction of antibody synthesis to SRBC in
      the whole animal.

PMID- 1086792
TI  - Inhibition by mouse serum of hemopoietic colony formation in vitro.
AB  - The inhibitory activity of BALB/c serum for granulocytic and macrophage colony
      formation by mouse marrow cells in vitro was separable by flotation
      centrifugation into the very light density (VLD) fraction. On gel filtration the
      inhibitory material had an apparent molecular weight of 250,000 and on
      electrophoresis was localized as a single peak near the albumin region. These
      inhibitory preparations exhibited lack of specificity and inhibited colony
      formation by normal B-lymphocytes, lymphoid leukemic, plasma cytoma and
      mastocytoma cells. Preincubation of C57BL marrow cells at 37 degrees C with high
      concentrations of VLD fractions was cytotoxic and completely suppressed colony
      formation. Incubation at 0 degrees C or at 37 degrees C with low VLD
      concentrations caused a pattern of colony formation similar to that observed in
      cultures of marrow cells from mice with high serum inhibitory activity (CBA,
      BALC/c). The lack of specificity of serum inhibitors casts doubt on the role of
      these inhibitors as specific in vivo regulators of granulopoiesis and monocyte
      macrophage formation.

PMID- 1086793
TI  - Tonic influence of the efferent vestibular system on the spontaneous afferent
      activity from semicircular canals in the frog (Rana esculenta L.).
AB  - In the frog we have recorded the spontaneous activity of single afferent fibres
      of the ampullary nerves of the left horizontal semicircular canal (HC) and
      vertical anterior canal (VAC) in isolated head preparations. The recordings have
      been made in 4 experimental situations: intact preparations; preparations whose
      brain was destroyed; preparations whose contralateral vestibular nerve had been
      cut between Scarpa's ganglion and the brain; preparations where either an
      ampullary nerve (that of the HC or of the VAC) or the utricular nerve had been
      cut contralaterally. From our results, it appears that the efferent vestibular
      system has a tonic influence on the afferent activity from HC and VAC; the
      influence of the part of the efferent vestibular system (EVS) activity depending
      on contralateral vestibular inputs is inhibitory, while the influence of the part
      of the EVS activity depending on ipsilateral vestibular inputs might be
      facilitatory.

PMID- 1086794
TI  - Levels of alpha1-antitrypsin in the spring and autumn seasons.
AB  - In a group of 84 pairs of 11-year-old children of both sexes, the level of the
      alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) were ascertained in the autumn and spring.
      Although the mean levels of alpha1-AT in the two seasons hardly differed, the
      highly significant seasonal changes in the distribution curves of alpha1-AT
      values were noted in boys, whereas the levels showed higher stability in girls.

PMID- 1086795
TI  - The loss of biological activity of 5-hydroxytryptamine creatinine sulphate.
AB  - 5-Hydroxytryptamine creatinine sulphate loses its biological activity when
      maintained at room temperature. The loss of 5-HT activity (in stimulating sodium
      transport across frog skin) is greater than the loss of creatinine sulphate
      activity (inhibition of sodium transport).

PMID- 1086796
TI  - Depletion of synaptic vesicles at the frog (Rana pipiens) neuromuscular junctions
      by tetraphenylboron.
AB  - At the frog neuromuscular junction tetraphenylboron produced a decrease in
      miniature endplate potential amplitude, accompanied by a decrease in the number
      but not the size of synaptic vesicles.

PMID- 1086797
TI  - Does an initial phasic response exist in the receptor potential of taste cells?
AB  - The depolarizing receptor potentials to 0.5 M NaCl recorded from frog taste cells
      did not exhibit any phasic response, even when the rectangular waveform of
      stimulus onset was employed. The quickest depolarizations recorded reached the
      peak in 50 msec. On the other hand, the gustatory neural response showed initial
      overshoot of the impulse discharge even when 0.5 M NaCl was delivered at the
      slower rate of 0.06 ml/sec. It is concluded that the initial neural response may
      be associated with the rate of rise of the receptor potential before its plateau
      level is reached.

PMID- 1086798
TI  - Changes of in vivo bacteriochlorophyll fluorescence yield in Rhodopseudomonas
      sphaeroides at low temperature and low redox potential.

PMID- 1086799
TI  - The use of antibiotics actinomycin D and distamycin A for mapping of phage lambda
      HindIII fragments.

PMID- 1086800
TI  - [Modeling of immune tolerance in adult guinea pigs using skin antigens against a
      background of antithymocytic serum administration].

PMID- 1086801
TI  - [Oriented rat movement in a rotating system].
AB  - In experiments with rotating of rats, their avoidance responce was studied: rats
      moved into the central portion. The 7 degrees or 15 degrees pitch of the central
      portion's walls caused significant moving of rats towards a square peripheral
      portion. When experimenting in darkness, the moving--towards--center response was
      restored, while under illumination the preference of the peripheral portion was
      again revealed in the rats obtained are are regarded as confirming the hypothesis
      of taht the moving--to center response during rotation is due to discrepancy
      between the vestibular and the visual systems of coordinates in peripheral
      portions of centrifuge.

PMID- 1086802
TI  - [Inhibitory influence on the heart of antidromal stimulation of afferent fibers
      of the vagus nerve].
AB  - In partially or completely deparasympathized frogs, inhibition was not
      potentiated by the specific inhibitor of "true" cholinesterase
      acetylcholinesterase: the 1,5-bis(4-tri-methylammoniumphenylpeptan-3-on
      diiodide). The localization of cardiac "true cholinesterase" being determined
      only in the region of the postsynaptic membrane of post-ganglionic neurons, this
      enzyme lacking on their extrasynaptic surface and in the myocardium, it was
      concluded that excitatory effect of antidromic afferent activation on the
      intracardiac neurons was due to action of acetylcholine (released from the nerve
      endings) on the extrasynaptic region of neurons' membrane. These regions acquire
      cholino-receptive features after preganglionic parasympathetic degeneration.

PMID- 1086803
TI  - [Relationship between the strength of myocardial fiber contraction of frog heart
      ventricle and processes of intracellular energy transport].
AB  - At 10--15 mM of creatine in the perfusate the force of the myocardium contraction
      was increased. At concentrations over 40 mM, creatine causes a decrease of
      contractile force which can be significantly increased after washing-out of the
      excess of creatine. Prolonged perfusion (over 10 hrs) with Ringer's solution
      leads to a decrease in intracellular creatine concentration and to a parallel
      decrease of contractile force. Under these conditions the intracellular
      concentration of creatine phosphate is significantly decreased with small changes
      in ATP content. The addition of creatine to perfusate leads to the complete
      restoration of contractile force and creatine phosphate content in heart strips'
      cells. These results indicate that the contractile force of heart strips depends
      upon high energy phosphate content (mainly creatine-phosphate content) in the
      cells and are consistent with the idea of the existence of the creatinephosphate
      pathway of energy transport in heart cells.

PMID- 1086804
TI  - Electrokinetic properties of splenic lymphocytes from the low-lipopolysaccharide
      responder C3H/Hej mice.
AB  - Spleen cells from C3H/Hej mice (H-2k) respond poorly to the B-cell mitogen
      lipopolysaccharide in vitro as compared to the related strains C3H/Tif (H-2k) and
      CBA/Orl (H-2k). The electrokinetic properties of splenic lymphocytes from these 3
      strains were investigated in parallel, in order to both quantitate low-mobility B
      cell and high-mobility T cell populations and measure their mean electrophoretic
      mobilities. C3H/Hej mice were found to possess the same proportion (55%) of LM
      cells as C3H/Tif and CBA/Orl mice. Therefore, the low LPS-responsiveness of
      C3H/Hej is not due to a numerical deficiency in B cells. Whereas the mean EPM of
      HM cells was identical in the 3 strains, that of LM cells was slightly (6%) but
      significantly (Student's t test, P less than 0.01) lower in C3H/Hej than in the
      high LPS-responder controls. This suggests that the membrane-structure required
      for activating interaction with LPS might contribute to B-cell electronegative
      surface-charge.

PMID- 1086805
TI  - Changes in agglutination of cells with H-2 antibodies or lectins and in
      stimulation of lymphocytes as induced by certain polymers (chondroitin
      sulphate/PVP/PHA/Con A/capping of H-2 antigens).
AB  - The effect of certain polymers on the course of immune interaction has been well
      known although its mechanism at the cellular level remains obscure. We thus
      affected cells in vitro with two of such substances, CS and PVP, and followed
      their behaviour in various assays. It was shown that in this way the
      agglutinability of mouse erythrocytes with H-2 antibodies or of mouse lymphocytes
      with threshold doses of Con A could be enhanced, antibody-induced capping of H-2
      antigens on lymphocytes accelerated and PHA-induced stimulation of mouse
      lymphocytes inhibited. The possible mechanisms of these changes putatively
      mediated through the effect on the cell membrane or cell coat are discussed.

PMID- 1086806
TI  - The effect of cerebellectomy on the slow rhythm of pulmonary respiration in the
      frog.

PMID- 1086807
TI  - [IV. Physical therapy].

PMID- 1086808
TI  - Aspects of lymphocyte function in Behcet's disease.
AB  - Aspects of lymphocyte function were investigated, in vitro, in nine patients with
      active Behcet's disease. The rosette formation technique revealed a slight
      decrease in number of T lymphocytes and more so of B lymphocytes. In spite of
      their low number, the transformation of the T lymphocytes in response to mitogens
      did not show a significant difference from that of normal controls. This may
      indicate a hyperreactivity, and in two instances a spontaneous blastogenesis
      prior to addition of mitogens, was also noted. The immunoglobulins and complement
      levels in serum were within normal limits.

PMID- 1086809
TI  - Transformation of amphibian iridophores into melanophores in clonal culture.

PMID- 1086810
TI  - [Evaluation of the agglutinating action of lectins on Trichomonas vaginalis by
      means of different methods].
AB  - Trichomonas vaginalis (strain FC) are specifically agglutinated by Con A and PHA
      P but not by WGA. The techniques used gave basically the same results however the
      agglutination in plates has the advantage of a good sensitivity and a greater
      simplicity of execution.

PMID- 1086811
TI  - Hemangiomas of the cecum. Colonoscopic diagnosis and therapy.
AB  - Five cases of hemangiomas of the cecum and gastrointestinal bleeding are
      presented. All were demonstrated by colonscopy after more conventional diagnostic
      methods failed. The hemangiomas were bright red, flat lesions clearly seen
      through the colonscope. They were successfully treated by electrocoagulation. All
      patients in this series had some type of associated cardiac or vascular disease.
      These patients may represent a syndrome of gastrointestinal blood loss of obscure
      cause, hemangiomas of the cecum, and cardiovascular disease.

PMID- 1086812
TI  - Endoscopic laser coagulation of bleeding gastrointestinal lesions with report of
      the first therapeutic application in man.

PMID- 1086813
TI  - Endoscopic diagnosis of a bleeding fistula between a grafted renal artery and the
      duodenum.

PMID- 1086814
TI  - Development and preliminary application of a homologous radioimmunoassay for
      bullfrog growth hormone.

PMID- 1086815
TI  - [Capacity of activation of so-called deficient factors in hereditary blood
      coagulation disorders].
AB  - By factor-specific exchange-experiments it was proved that the lack of factor
      VIII activity in hemophilia A is not caused by an incapacity of activation or
      even lack of the factor, but by a defect of the pertaining activator resp.
      activator system. The same goes for factor IX in hemophilia B as well as factors
      VII, IX and X in family defect of the prothrombin-complex. In contrast,
      inactivity in the von Willebrand-Junrgens-disease is obviously caused by a
      genuine lack of factor VIII.

PMID- 1086816
TI  - [Hemorrhagic enteropathy].
AB  - Intestinal infarction in the absence of organic vascular occlusion received
      increasing attention in recent years. The clinical picture is discussed based on
      results in 9 cases, an attempt to suggest a possible pathophysiological mechanism
      is made. Prophylactic digitalisation especially in the elderly patient in the
      absence of severe heart failure and in cases with already low mesenteric
      perfusion may lead to a further vasoconstriction and to hemorrhagic enteropathy.
      Therapeutic possibilities are discussed.

PMID- 1086817
TI  - [Clinical importance of Meckel's diverticulum].
AB  - Between 1966 und 1975 42 children and 46 adults were operated on Meckel's
      diverticulum. The diverticulum is explained as one of the possible disturbances
      during regression of ductus omphaloentericus. The appendicitis-like
      symptomatology correlates to the involvement of gastric and colonic mucosa as
      well as heterotopic exo- and endocrine tissue of the pancreas in the wall of the
      diverticulum. In 34% complications were due to inflammation, perforation,
      bleeding, intussusception, volvulus, gut-strangulation with ileus, ulcer,
      neoplasia or lesion by foreign bodies. 4 out of 88 patients died. Preoperative
      diagnostic fails in 75%, therefore in every case the distal gut should be
      inspected and every diverticulum should be resected.

PMID- 1086818
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic measures in acute catastrophic bleeding esophageal
      varices].
AB  - Principles of management of bleeding esophageal varices are 1. fluid therapy of
      bleeding shock, 2. prevention of hepatic coma, 3. emergency endoscopy, 4. balloon
      tubes (Senkstaken-Blakemore, Linton-Nachlas), and 5. with some restriction,
      selective infusion of vasopressin into the a. mesenterica superior. If these
      procedures fail, sclerosing of esophageal varices stops bleeding in more than 90%
      of the cases. Bleeding from varices of the gastric fundus may be stopped by
      gastro-esophageal disconnection (Pettinari-Hassab). Both procedures have with 15%
      and 25% respectively, the lowest mortality. Patients for surgical shunt are
      carefully selected within the interval after bleeding. Shunts are the distal
      splenal-renal and the mesenteric-caval anastomosis with dacron prothesis (H
      shunt). The shunt is the favorable therapy for prehepatic block in patients older
      than 14 to 16 years. The endoscopic sclerosing of esophageal varices and the
      gastro-esophageal disconnection are chosen in younger patients or when shunt
      procedures are not possible. The posthepatic block is treated successfully by
      conservative means. In most cases, surgical therapy is contraindicated because of
      poor prognosis. When conservative measures fail, in few cases emergency
      endoscopic sclerosing of esophageal varices or latero-lateral porto-caval
      anastomosis can be tried.

PMID- 1086820
TI  - [Socio-economic problems in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1086819
TI  - [Polymyositides and the so-called rheumatoid diseases in children].

PMID- 1086821
TI  - [Salicylates--their effect on gastric mucosa].

PMID- 1086822
TI  - Elastases from human and canine granulocytes, I. Some proteolytic and esterolytic
      properties.
AB  - The lysosome-like granules of human and canine granulocytes contain an enzyme
      with elastinolytic activity. The enzymatic behaviour of these elastases was
      further characterized using the protein substrates elastin-orcein and azocasein
      and the synthetic substrates tert.-butyloxycarbonyl-alanine p-nitrophenylester
      (Boc-Ala-ONp) and 3-carboxypropionyl-L-alanyl-L-alanyl-L-alanine p-nitroanilide
      (Suc-Ala3-NHNp) in photometric assays. The affinities of the granulocyte
      elastases and of porcine pancreatic elastase to these substrates are very
      similar, e.g. human granulocyte elastase: KM (Boc-Ala-ONp) = 0.35mM, KM (Suc-Ala3
      NHNp) = 1.25mM, porcine pancreatic elastase: KM (Boc-Ala-ONp) = 0.3mM, KM (Suc
      Ala3-NHNp) - 1.15mM. The most convenient substrate for the assay of human and dog
      granulocyte elastases and for kinetic measurements with these enzymes is Suc-Ala3
      NHNp. Using this substrate, the dissociation constant of the complex of human
      granulocyte elastase with human alpha1-antitrypsin could be determined (Ki = 3.5
      x 10(-10)M).

PMID- 1086823
TI  - Coronary artery endarterectomy with saphenous bypass autograft. A retrospective
      study.

PMID- 1086824
TI  - The function of T cells carrying receptors for complexes of Ig and antigen.
AB  - Thymocytes exposed briefly in vitro to a variety of particulate substances (such
      as mycobacteria, erythrocytes of allogeneic cells) or to substances known to act
      in vivo as adjuvants (LPS or poly A:U), generate supernates which are able to
      induce cytophilic Ig in normal mouse serum in the presence of a foreign protein
      (antigen). This cytophilic Ig is taken up by 20-25% of splenic T cells.
      Hydrocortisone resistant thymocytes show the same property, while bone marrow
      cells are inactive. This activity is similar to that reported previously as being
      present in the 4S fraction of mouse serum, collected 6 hours after injection of
      complete Freund's adjuvant. It is proposed that this factor is responsible for
      the formation of complexes of Ig and antigen which have been detected in the
      serum 6 hours after immunization. Thymocytes collected 6 hours after priming in
      vivo with SRBC (when a subpopulation among them carries easily demonstrable
      surface Ig) are able to amplify markedly the antibody response particularly the
      7S. It is postulated that the factor by generating the cytophilic Ig (complexes?)
      which is taken up by T cells, sets up a mechanism which markedly amplifies their
      helper cell function.

PMID- 1086825
TI  - Competitive inhibition of passive sensitization of mouse mast cells by IgE. A
      bioassay for mouse and rat IgE.
AB  - Possibility of inhibition of an efficient in vitro IgE-sensitization system was
      studied. The sentization of mouse peritoneal mast cells with an anti-ovalbumin
      IgE-rich fraction of serum, as tested by ovalbumin-induced degranulation, was
      inhibited by previous incubation with antisera of another or of no specificity.
      Fractionation and other experiments showed that the inhibiting activity
      correlated with IgE content. IgGl did not seem to have an effect. Sensitization
      was also inhibited by rat myeloma IgE, 50 ng giving a 50 per cent inhibition.
      Plots of the logarithms of rat and mouse IgE concentration vs their inhibitory
      effect on sensitization gave two parallel linear curves, indicating that mouse
      and rat IgE compete for the same receptor sites. It was thus possible to use this
      system as a sensitive bioassay for both mouse and rat IgE levels and, by
      comparing inhibition by mouse IgE to that by a known rat IgE standard, to obtain
      not only relative data but absolute mouse IgE levels. This, and also a better
      discrimination of IgE doses, was the major advantage of this bioassay in relation
      to the equally sensitive anti-IgE degranulation tests.

PMID- 1086826
TI  - Study of human T and B lymphocytes with heterologous antisera. I Preparation,
      specificity and properties of antisera.
AB  - Heterologous antisera have been raised in the horse and rabbit against human
      lymphocytes. Appropriate absorptions on either B or T cells were performed to
      make antisera specific for human T (anti-HTLA) or B (serum 789) lymphocytes
      respectively. In addition serum 789 was found to react with circulating
      monocytes. The percentages of T and B cells detected by anti-HTLA and 789 sera in
      the different lymphoid organs averaged respectively: 78-7 per cent and 14-7 per
      cent in peripheral blood, 91-4 per cent and 4-0 per cent in thymus, 73-0 per cent
      and 14-5 per cent in lymph nodes, 53-6 per cent and 30-0 per cent in spleen, 47-1
      per cent and 47-6 per cent in tonsils and 17-5 per cent and 13-5 per cent in bone
      marrow. Anti-HTLA serum appeared to supress E-rosette formation but did not
      affect binding of C3-coated erythrocytes. Serum 789 did not prevent E-rosette
      formation and reduced the number of EAC rosettes by 50 per cent. Anti-HTLA serum
      was found able to suti-lymphocyte serum, and PWM in the presence of complement;
      it was found highly mitogenic by itself. Serum 789 decreased the proliferative
      response to phytomitogens in about the proportion of cells killed by the
      antiserum. These results indicate that the presence of T cells is necessary for
      the mitogen-induced proliferation to occur, and that B lymphocytes are induced to
      proliferate in the presence of T cells and phytomitogens. Anti-HTLA serum was
      found not to inhibit K-cell activity of lymphocytes against antibody-coated
      chicken erythrocytes. These antisera appear very useful tools for the study of
      the role of human B and T lymphocytes involved in in vitro immune reactions.

PMID- 1086827
TI  - Activation and suppression of T cells in termination of immunological tolerance.
AB  - Immunological tolerance was induced in adult C3H mice by five injections of ultra
      centrifuged, soluble HSA at weekly intervals. The tolerant state was readily
      terminated by the challenge immunization with slightly sulphanilated HSA
      administered as Freund's complete adjuvant emulsion. In this case, it was shown
      that T cells specific for HSA were activated which could serve as helpers for the
      production of anti-hapten antibodies. The tolerance termination and activation of
      T cells specific for HSA was not observed in the profound tolerant state, induced
      by nine injections of ultra-centrifuged, soluble HSA at weekly intervals, where
      suppressor T cells were detected. Implications of these results were discussed in
      reference to the development of autoimmunity.

PMID- 1086828
TI  - Rapid adsorption of a foetal calf serum component by mammalian cells in culture.
      A potential source of artifacts in studies of antisera to cell-specific antigens.
AB  - Injection of CBA mice the either mitogen-stimulated (LPS or con A) CBA
      lymphocytes which had been cultured for 3 days in the presence of foetal calf
      serum (FCS) led to the production of antisera which reacted strongly with
      virtually all types of mammalian cells, including human, whether normal or
      malignant, provided they had been cultured in FCS-containing media. Reactivity
      was detected by sensitive immunological assays such as complement-dependent
      cytoxocity using rabbit complement (but not using guinea-pig complement), or EA
      rosette inhibition of Fc receptor-bearing cells. The antisera did not react with
      fresh normal lymphoid cells or ascites tumour cells; however, these same cell
      populations became fully susceptible to the cytotoxic effects of the antisera
      after as little as 4 h incubation at 37 degrees in the presence of FCS. Cells
      incubated without FCS or with FCS at 0 degrees were not affected. The antisera
      reacted with FCS to form a single band on Ouchterlony double-diffusion plates. On
      immunoelectrophoresis the reactive antigen appeared to migrate in the alpha
      globulin region of serum proteins. These observations suggest that FCS may be a
      source of potentially serious misinterpretations in immunological studies of cell
      associated antigens using antisera produced by the injection of cells grown in
      FCS-containing cultures. Examples of artifcats arising from the use of FCS in
      certain systems, e.g. the preparation of alloantisera using cultured tumour cells
      vs fresh non-cultured lymphoid cells, are described.

PMID- 1086829
TI  - An IgG thymolytic autoantibody in rats which has specificity for a subpopulation
      of T cells.
AB  - A cytotoxic anti-thymocyte IgG auto-antibody is present in Lewis rats which, in
      the presence of autologous complement, destroys (in vitro) 12-28 per cent of
      isologous or autologous thymocytes, a smaller number of lymph node cells and
      splenocytes, but not bone marrow or circulating lymphocytes. The labile cells in
      the thymus represent a finite subpopulation which is autologous antithymocyte
      antibody (ATS) sensitive and steroid resistant. The presence of the autoantibody
      is randomly distributed in outbred animals whereas in inbred Lewis rats, a strain
      in which the induction of some autoimmune reactions is under genetic control, the
      antibody is always present. In this strain, the susceptible T cells and the
      quantity of circulating autoantibody is significantly depressed during the
      productive phase of a T-cell mediated disease (adjuvant polyarthritis) and
      returns to normal after the disease becomes stabilized. There is a direct
      relationship between the amount of susceptible cells in the thymus and the amount
      of antibody in circulation, suggesting that the antibody could serve as a marker
      for a specific subpopulation of thymocytes which may have a regulatory influence
      on T-cell reactivity.

PMID- 1086830
TI  - Estimation of prevalence of bacillary tuberculosis on the basis of chest X-ray
      and/or symptomatic screening.

PMID- 1086831
TI  - Experimental endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b.
AB  - Experimental endogenous endophthalmitis was produced in infant rats by either
      intranasal or intraperitoneal inoculation with Haemophilus influenzae type b and
      5 days of age. The ocular disease occurred in about 50% of bacteremic animals who
      survived to age 12 days and probably represents metastatic bacterial infection
      secondary to hematogenous seeding. The lesion was a highly destructive
      suppurative endophthalmitis that ultimately progressed to panophthalmitis and was
      followed by organization of the exudate and phthisis bulbi.

PMID- 1086832
TI  - Participation of complement in the nonimmune host defense against experimental
      Haemophilus influenzae type b septicemia and meningitis.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine whether the terminal complement components
      (C3-9) are involved in the nonimmune host defense against Haemophilus influenzae
      type b septicemia and meningitis. Using cobra venom factor, infant rats were
      depleted of C3 and C5. After intranasal challenge with H. influenzae type b, the
      complement-depleted rats developed a greater incidence and magnitude of
      bacteremia and a higher mortality rate. In contrast to the effects on bacteremia,
      complement depletion did not directly influence either the occurrence of
      meningitis or bacterial multiplication within the cerebrospinal fluid. These
      experiments provide evidence that the complement system may be an important
      mechanism of natural immunity to H. influenzae type b.

PMID- 1086833
TI  - A comparison of three health status indicators.
AB  - Interest in health status indicators has produced measures of widely varying
      applicability. We were interested in the use of such indices to establish mean
      recovery curves for groups of similar patients undergoing acute hospital
      treatment. A longitudinal study relating resource usage to these recovery curves
      had been intended but there were difficulties in finding suitable indicators.
      Firstly, two published indicators relying on patient interviews were tested for
      consistency. Poor correlations were found among those scorers unfamiliar with the
      patients and it seems unlikely that these indicators could be used in a routine
      system. Different parts of the indices presented difficulties to the different
      professions involved in scoring, and a multidisciplinary approach may be needed
      in assessing full health. The indicators tested included no assessment of
      prognosis. Those parts of the indices which had produced significant correlations
      were retained in subsequent work and were supplemented by further measures
      designed to overcome the earlier difficulties. A new trial of this indicator was
      undertaken where staff, familiar with the patients, scored data recorded by the
      Problem Oriented Medical Record system. This produced improved correlations but
      some problems remain.

PMID- 1086834
TI  - The Tokelau Island migrant study: prevalence of various conditions before
      migration.
AB  - The Tokelau Island Migrant Study has shown no important differences between those
      who subsequently left their home islands to migrate to New Zealand and those who
      remained, in key anthropometric and biochemical variables already reported. This
      comparison is now extended to various common diseases and conditions, and again
      no major difference emerges. The Tokelauans are compared with other Polynesians
      and shown to have less diabetes, hypertension, effort pain, chronic bronchitis
      and varicose veins than New Zealand Maoris, while resembling some Cook Island
      groups. Changes in prevalences of some conditions following migration are
      postulated.

PMID- 1086835
TI  - Regeneration and dose-response characteristics of irradiated mouse dorsal
      epidermal cells.
AB  - A microcolony technique is described for measuring epidermal cell survival 3 days
      after whole-body X-irradiation. This assay provides a cell D0 value of 233 +/- 11
      rad and a zero-dose extrapolate of 1-23 x 10(4) cells/cm2 for mice irradiated in
      oxygen 20 hours after hair plucking. The microcolony cellularity had an apparent
      doubling-time of 25 hours which may be an upper limit at least for some clones.
      The clones appeared to fragment continually and form new daughter clones,
      suggesting that few would form macroscopic nodules. Many of the clones were also
      apparently associated with hair follicles.

PMID- 1086836
TI  - Effect of 2 MHz ultrasound on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in Pisum sativum
      root meristem cells.
AB  - The amounts of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis were determined in Pisum sativum
      root meristem cells at various times after a 1 min exposure to 1 MHz ultrasound
      at a power density of 30 W/cm2. Immediate depressions in all three macromolecular
      syntheses occurred after sonication, followed by an apparent recovery several
      hours later. These events appear to correlate in time with the subsequent
      reduction and recovery in mitotic index in Pisum sativum root meristem cells
      exposed to 2 MHz ultrasound.

PMID- 1086837
TI  - Biological relevance of gamma-ray-induced alkali-labile sites in single-stranded
      Dna in aqueous solutions.
AB  - Gamma-irradiation in single-stranded phiX174 DNA in aqueous solution in the
      presence of oxygen produces at least two types of alkali-labile site. One is
      lethal and gives rise to single-strand breaks by treatment with alkali. The other
      is non-lethal, but is converted to lethal damage by alkali. The effect of alkali
      is dependent on temperature. This dependence is different for both types of
      alkali-labile site.

PMID- 1086838
TI  - X-irradiation of equine peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated with
      phytohaemagglutinin in vitro.
AB  - Small lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood of horses and incubated
      at 37 degrees C in Eagle's medium supplemented with 20 per cent foetal calf
      serum. The addition of phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) to the cultures resulted in:
      increased RNA and protein synthesis; the enlargement of the small lymphocyte into
      a lymphoblast-like cell; the initiation of DNA synthesis, and cell division. When
      survival was measured 24 hours after X-irradiation by means of phase-contrast
      microscopy, the lymphoblast-like cell was much more radio-resistant (D0 = 250
      rad) than the small lymphocyte (D0 = 20 rad). This increase in radioresistance,
      however, was not observed until 12-24 hours after PHA treatment. To investigate
      which of the changes occurring during the transformation of the small lymphocyte
      was responsible for the increased resistance to irradiation, the percentage of
      cells surviving irradiation was compared with the percentage of cells
      incorporating significant amounts of 3HTdR, 3H-UR, or 3H-leucine at the time of
      irradiation. For this comparison, a dose of 100 rad was used because 100 rad
      killed essentially all of the small lymphocytes, but less than 35 percent of the
      cells which had become radioresistant from the PHA treatment. The results
      indicated that the increase in radioresistance was not associated with DNA
      synthesis, but instead correlated with the increase in RNA and protein synthesis
      which the cells had attained at the time of irradiation.

PMID- 1086839
TI  - The effect of nitroimidazole and nitroxyl radiosensitizers on the post
      irradiation synthesis of DNA.
AB  - The modification of DNA damage by three radiosensitizing drugs, present during
      gamma-irradiation of hypoxic Chinese hamster cells, was investigated. Both 2
      methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-ethanol (metronidazole) and 1-(2-nitro-1-imidazole)-3
      methoxy-2-propranol (Ro-07-0582) were found to cause large increases in the yield
      of DNA single-strand breaks (SSB); triacetoneamine-N-oxyl (TAN) was found to have
      only a small effect on SSB production. The three drugs tested did not inhibit the
      rejoining of SSB. A pulse label and chase procedure was used to examine post
      irradiation DNA synthesis. TAN present during irradiation under hypoxia was found
      to cause interruptions in subsequent DNA synthesis. Metronidazole and Ro-07-0582
      had no effect on post-irradiation DNA synthesis. In addition, the effects of pre-
      and post-irradiation exposure to TAN were investigated, since these treatments
      have shown increased cell-killing in survival studies. TAN pre- and post
      treatments were found to have no significant effect on subsequent DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1086840
TI  - Viable hybrids between lethally X-irradiated hamster cells and unirradiated mouse
      cells.
AB  - Sendai-virus-induced fusion between heavily X-irradiated hamster cells, BHK21 or
      RS2-3 (BHK21 cells transformed by Rous Sarcoma Virus), and unirradiated mouse
      cells, A9 or c11D, give rise to hybrids. These hybrids possess mouse and hamster
      surface antigens. However, RS2-3 x mouse hybrids do not form heterokaryons with
      chick-embryo fibroblasts producing infectious Rous sarcoma virus.

PMID- 1086841
TI  - The influence of pelvic irradiation on the formation and function of the human
      corpus luteum.

PMID- 1086842
TI  - Radiolysis of a pig gastric glycopeptide.

PMID- 1086843
TI  - R.b.e. and o.e.r. of extended-Bragg-peak helium ions: survival and development of
      rat embryos.
AB  - Rats were exposed under aerobic or hypoxic conditions to 200-1200 rads of 60Co
      gamma-rays or extended-Bragg-peak helium ions on the eighth day of gestation.
      Uterine contents were examined on the twentieth day of gestation. At the 50 per
      cent embryonic survival level, helium ion r.b.e. was 1(.0) (aerobic) and 1(.2)
      (hypoxic). Maximum attainable gamma-ray and helium-ion o.e.r.s. were 2(.2) and
      1(.7) respectively, indicating an oxygen-effect gain (o.e.g.) of 1(.2). At the 10
      per cent survival level helium ion r.b.e. was 1(.1) (aerobic) and 1(.4)
      (hypoxic). Gamma-ray and helium-ion 0.e.r.s. were 2(.0) and 1(.5) respectively,
      indicating a helium ion o.e.g. of 1(.3). These data demonstrate that the small
      fraction of high-LET radiation present in this helium ion beam has a neglible
      effect on the aerobic r.b.e., but lowers the effective o.e.r. of the beam
      approximately 25 per cent relative to that of gamma-rays. Helium ions were
      significantly more effective than gamma-rays in killing embryos under hypoxic
      conditions, in producing congenital abnormalities under aerobic conditions, and
      in stunting foetal growth under both conditions.

PMID- 1086844
TI  - Effects of electrons and neutrons on the synthesis of RNA in resistant and
      sensitive strains of the slime-mould Dictyostelium discoideum and the modifying
      effect of caffeine.
AB  - RNA synthesis was investigated after irradiation in resistant and sensitive lines
      of the slime-mould Dictyostelium discoideum. When 3H adenine was used as a
      precursor to RNA, incorporation increased after irradiation in the resistant WT
      line but not in the sensitive line (gammas-13). The extent of RNA synthesis after
      irradiation was correlated with the shoulder width on the survival curve of the
      resistant line. When this was reduced by irradiating with neutrons, or treatment
      with caffeine RNA synthesis was also reduced. No preferential synthesis of one
      RNA species occurred; there was increased labelling in all RNA species after
      irradiation. Sucrose gradient analysis of ribosomal RNA extracted from irradiated
      cells and free of messenger RNA revealed no apparent difference in composition
      from that extracted from unirradiated cells. Increased RNA synthesis after
      irradiation may form part of the recovery processin the resistant cells.

PMID- 1086845
TI  - Analysis of the time relationship for the interaction of X-ray induced primary
      breaks in the formation of dicentric chromosomes.
AB  - In split-dose experiments, the time relationship for the interaction of primary
      breaks in the formation of dicentric chromosomes was analysed. Human peripheral
      lymphocytes were irradiated with a dose of 340 R of 220 kV X-rays split into two
      equal fractions separated by intervals up to 360 min. Assuming an exponential
      decline of the time-dependent quadratic component of the dose realtion of
      dicentrics a theoretical formula was deduced. Fitting this formula to the
      empirical data a mean time of 110 min could be calculated in which primary breaks
      induced by both dose-fractions can interact to form dicentric chromosomes.

PMID- 1086846
TI  - Abscopal effect of irradiation on haemopoietic stem cells of shielded bone marrow
      -role of migration.
AB  - Immediately after partial-body irradiation, the number of colony-forming units
      (CFU) of the protected marrow decreases. This decrease seems to be dose-dependent
      and cannot be completely explained by migration for the following reasons: there
      is no evidence of CFU entry to irradiated territories and the number of
      circulating CFU does not increase. A more plausible explanation for the phenomena
      is an accelerated differentiation during the first 15 min after irradiation. The
      migration of CFU to the spleen is observed between 15 min and 3 hours after
      irradiation, after which it ceases. The absence of migration 3 hours after
      irradiation may be due to one of the two possibilities: (1) a depletion of the
      mobile pool of CFU if one admits that such a pool is responsible for migration in
      the organism; (2) a depletion of a temporarily increased stimulus due to
      irradiation.

PMID- 1086847
TI  - Vasoformative non-osteogenic (angio) sarcomas of bone-marrow stroma due to
      strontium-90.
AB  - In a series of experiments, mainly CBA/H, but also C2H/H, mice aged 3 months were
      injected intraperitoneally with solutions of 90Sr Cl2, the dose per mouse varying
      from 7 to 20 muCi, and compared with similar mice treated with 226Ra or 239Pu,
      discussed elsewhere. In male mice, the commonest tumour resulting at each dose of
      90Sr was non-osteogenic (angio) sarcoma, a tumour not seen after 226Ra. In
      females, this tumour occurred far less frequently than osteosarcoma. In CBA mice
      of both sexes converted to radiation chimaeras (which are sterile) and similarly
      treated with 90Sr, the only skeletal tumours were osteosarcomas. When only half
      the body of CBA mice was X-irradiated with 1000 rad and the mice given 90Sr, non
      osteogenic sarcoma occurred predominantly in those mice X-irradiated in the
      cephalic half. The results suggest that intact testes may provide co-factors for
      this type of neoplasm, whereas others have shown that oestrogens facilitate
      murine osteosarcoma. The non-osteogenic osteosarcomas arise from damaged stromal
      elements in bone-marrow of selected bones. The risk to this component of bone
      marrow, as well as to haematopoietic tissue, should be considered in radiation
      protection.

PMID- 1086848
TI  - Another method for testing the applicability of the hyperbolic oxygen equation
      and for evaluating K.

PMID- 1086849
TI  - Inhibition of prostaglandin-mediated ocular inflammatory responses by 4
      biphenylacetic acid.
AB  - 4-Biphenylacetic acid (BPAA),a prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor, was tested for
      its effects on prostaglandin-related, laboratory models of ocular inflammation.
      Topically applied, BPAA inhibited arachidonic acid, but not prostaglandin E
      induced increases in rabbit intraocular pressure (IOP). BPAA inhibited the IOP
      response to alkali burn and altered IOP changes following paracentesis. In vitro,
      BPAA inhibited prostaglandin production from arachidonic acid in cell-free
      preparations of rabbit uvea. It is suggested that BPAA may be useful for the
      therapy of ocular inflammatory disease.

PMID- 1086850
TI  - [Chronic vegetating pyodermia in cellular immune deficiency].
AB  - The simultaneous occurrence of pyoderma gangrenosum together with other diseases,
      most frequently ulcerative colitis, and with disorders of the humoral immune
      system is known. The etiology of the individual case remains nevertheless unclear
      in most instances. We report on an otherwise normal patient with normal
      immunoglobulin levels, who showed, by use of lymphocyte differentiation and
      functional tests, a nearly complete lack of T-cell reactivity. A substitution
      with transfusions of fresh blood lead to rapid healing of the clinical picture,
      which so far had been resistant to long term application of antibiotics,
      azathioprine and topical steroids. Therefore it is recommended to look for
      functional defects of the T-cell system as a cause of pyoderma gangrenosum.

PMID- 1086851
TI  - Behavior in the Lesch--Nyhan syndrome.
AB  - The Lesch--Nyhan syndrome is a heritable disorder of the metabolism of uric acid
      in which behavioral manifestations are prominent and among the most provocative.
      The mutated or variant gene that determines this disorder is carried on the X
      chromosome. The disease is expressed exclusively in males. The molecular
      expression of the abnormal gene is in the completely defective activity of the
      enzyme hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase. As a result these
      patients overproduce uric acid and may develop early in life many of the clinical
      findings we associate with gout. They have in addition a variety of neurological
      abnormalities including mental retardation, spastic cerebral palsy, and
      involuntary, choreoathetoid movements. Involved patients have unusual,
      compulsive, aggressive behavior. Its most prominent but by no means exclusive
      feature is self-mutilation. The central feature in the management of this
      behavior is physical restraint. A number of practical procedures have been
      learned which facilitate the care and feeding of these patients. Promising new
      findings suggest that behavioral modification using extinction techniques and
      pharmacologic methods utilizing agents designed to increase the effective
      cerebral content of serotonin may each have a place in the management of behavior
      in this syndrome.

PMID- 1086852
TI  - Anatomic variants of the cerebello-pontine cisterns and their significance in
      positive contrast cisternography.
AB  - Far lateral extension of the cerebello-pontine cistern is a common variant which
      is found in greater than 50% of people. When present it may cause the internal
      auditory canal to be obscured during positive contrast cisternography. A
      technique of cisternography is described which facilitates the diagnosis of
      intracanalicular lesions as well as better delineating small lesions in the
      cerebello-pontine angle.

PMID- 1086853
TI  - Immunologic considerations of large volume radiotherapy.
AB  - There is clinical evidence that the immune response can increase or decrease
      cancer growth. 1) Cancer is increased in congenital immune deficiency states and
      in those given immuno-suppressants after renal transplantation; 2) there is a
      correlation between mononuclear cell infiltration and prognosis; 3) spontaneous
      regression occurs occasionally on an immunologic basis; 4) cancer specific
      antigens and antibodies can be demonstrated, and 5) immunotherapy can cause tumor
      regression. The cells that are responsible for the immune response are 1)
      families of thymic-derived lymphocytes, or T-cells, ("memory," "effector",
      "helper" or "suppressor" T-cells), and 2) bursal-derived lymphocytes, or B-cells,
      which on specific sensitization become either plasma cells that produce cytotoxic
      or blocking antibody or macrophages (A-cells) that process antigen, and may
      become "armed" with cytophilic antibody. The main effect of local radiotherapy is
      to destroy certain families of radiosensitive lymphocytes in the afferent,
      central and efferent components of the immune response. In Hodgkin's disease,
      extended field radiotherapy causes a prolonged decrease in the number of
      lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and a decrease in function of the cells, as
      determined by RNA and DNA synthesis after culture with mitogen,
      phytohemagglutinin. There is no correlation, however, with the values after
      treatment and recurrence of the disease. The effect of local radiotherapy to
      large volumes of tissues, on the incidence of new primary cancers, is uncertain
      but the majority of reports show that it is no effect.

PMID- 1086854
TI  - "Cleavage" and cortical granule breakdown in Rana pipiens oocytes induced by
      direct microinjection of calcium.
AB  - Microinjection of approximately 0.3 mug of calcium into maturing oocytes of Rana
      pipiens after nuclear dissolution resulted in cleavage-like constrictions,
      cortical granule breakdown, and formation of a structure resembling a two-cell
      embryo. Mg2+, Na+, or K+ did not induce any of these reactions. Larger amounts of
      Ca2+-induced contraction over the entire surface of oocytes or eggs, but did not
      induce cleavage-like constrictions; smaller amounts of Ca2+ produced either a
      local cortical granule reaction of the formation of one large and one small
      "blastomere." Furrow formation was not observed during normally induced
      maturation until after germinal vesicle breakdown. The location of microinjected
      Ca2+ determined the orientation of the resulting furrow. Ca2+-induced cortical
      granule breakdown occurred in full-grown nonmaturing oocytes near the site of
      injection. Cortical granule breakdown also occurred in maturing oocytes (after
      germinal vesicle breakdown but before second meiotic metaphase), but only in the
      blastomere containing the infected Ca2+. As expected, in mature oocytes (at
      second meiotic metaphase) cortical granule breakdown occurred over the entire
      oocyte surface, including both blastomeres. The results indicate that furrow
      formation and cleavage-like constrictions may be directly influenced by Ca2+, and
      that functional contractile elements are present near all areas of the oocyte
      surface. Furthermore, Ca2+ injection initiates localized cortical granule
      breakdown in full-grown immature and maturing oocytes.

PMID- 1086855
TI  - Factors affecting pharyngeal Haemophilus influenzae type b colonization rates in
      children.
AB  - Over 1,300 children were studied in an analysis of factors that might affect
      pharyngeal colonization with Haemophilus influenzae type b. Our semiquantitative
      methods for the culture of H. influenzae type b, consisting of inoculation of
      0.001 ml of throat swab fluid on antiserum agar plates and division of the
      results into three grades of intensity, showed agreement as to intensity of
      colonization in over 80% of repeat throat cultures. Our data also suggest that
      throat swabs are more efficient than nasopharyngeal swabs for detecting
      colonization, particularly for older children. All 17 H. influenzae type b
      carriers found with either method were detected with throat swabs, but six had
      negative nasopharyngeal cultures; four of these six were lightly colonized older
      children. Furthermore, colony counts were apt to be higher on plates inoculated
      with throat swab fluids. The frequency of pharyngeal H. influenzae type b
      colonization in children visiting health department clinics and pediatricians'
      offices was low during the first 6 months of life (0.7%) but averaged 3 to 5%
      throughout the rest of childhood. Approximately two-thirds of the carriers were
      colonized at an intensity too low to be detected by standard laboratory
      techniques. No influence on colonization rates was found for sex, race, season,
      economic status, or common childhood infectious diseases such as coryza or otitis
      media.

PMID- 1086856
TI  - Pulmonary abnormalities in intermediate alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - Pulmonary function studies were carried out in a group of asymptomatic nonsmoking
      adults with intermediate alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency who were attending an
      early disease detection unit in Rochester, N. Y. All subjects were identified by
      specific protease inhibitor (Pi) typing. Fifteen MZ and 14 MS subjects who had
      never smoked cigarettes were matched by sex and age to MM controls. Spirometry,
      static lung volumes, and single breath-diffusing capacity were identical in all
      Pi type groups with no statistically significant differences noted. Maximal
      expiratory flow volume curves were obtained in all subjects. MZ subjects
      demonstrated statistically impaired maximal flow rates at 75%, 50%, and 25% of
      vital capacity compared to their MM controls. Total pulmonary resistance by the
      oscillometric method was measured at 3, 5, 7, and 9 cycle/s in the same subjects.
      Increased frequency dependence of resistance (defined as the difference between
      total pulmonary resistance at 3 cycle/s and 9 cycle/s) was observed in MZ
      subjects compared to MM controls. No differences were noted by this method in MS
      MM pairs. The data suggest that detectable mechanical abnormalities are present
      in subjects with the MZ phenotype, even in the absence of established risk
      factors such as cigarette smoking and high air pollution.

PMID- 1086857
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of the binding protein for vitamin D and its metabolites in
      human serum: concentrations in normal subjects and patients with disorders of
      mineral homeostasis.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay for the binding protein for vitamin D and its metabolites
      (DBP) has been developed. Suitable rabbit anti-DBP antiserum was elicited after
      primary and one booster injection. Anti-DBP antisera, as well as antigroup
      specific component antisera, produced a single, monospecific line of
      percipitation when reacted against purified DBP and human serum. DBP was
      iodinated with 125I and 125I-DBP was purified by gel filtration on Sephadex G
      200. Binding of 125I-DBP by 20 nl of rabbit anti-DBP antisera was approximately
      50% and was sharply competed for by 0.4-4.0 ng of DBP standard. Displacement of
      125I-DBP by human serum dilutions or standard DBP gave identical curves, and only
      weak competition was observed with old and new world primate sera. Apo- and holo
      DBP possessed indistinguishable immunoreactivity. The assay detects DBP in 1-10
      nl of human serum with reasonable accuracy and with reasonable intra- and
      interassay precision. The mean serum concentration (+/- SEM) for a group of 40
      normal adults was 525 +/- 24 mug/ml and no sex difference was observed. Higher
      levels were found in sera from pregnant women and women receiving oral
      contraceptives, and decreased concentrations were observed in premature cord and
      hypoproteinemic sera. No significant correlation between serum DBP levels and
      serum 25-hydroxycalciferol levels was found, and the DBP content of sera from
      vitamin D-deprived and vitamin D-treated subjects was indistinguishable from that
      of normal adults. DBP accounts for 6- of the alpha globulin in normal human
      serum. Considering the normal serum content of the parent vitamin and its
      metabolites to be approximately 0.1-0.2 mum, these immunoassay data confirm
      previous saturation analyses of human serum antiricketic sterol-binding capacity
      and suggest that greater than 95% of DBP circulates as the apoprotein under
      normal conditions.

PMID- 1086858
TI  - Videometric analysis of regional left ventricular function before and after
      aortocoronary artery bypass surgery: correlation of peak rate of myocardial wall
      thickening with late postoperative graft flows.
AB  - The peak rate of systolic wall thickening (pdTw/dt) in regions of the left
      ventricle was determined by biplane roentgen videometry in 60 patients before and
      a median of 14 mo after aorto-coronary bypass graft surgery. The left ventricular
      ejection fraction, stroke volume, and end-diastolic volume and pressure did not
      change significantly after surgery in the presence of patent or occluded grafts
      (P greater than 0.05). Statistically significant increases occurred in the peak
      rate of systolic wall thickening regions supplied by patent bypass grafts, and
      significant decreases occurred in regions with occluded grafts (P less than
      0.01). Of 42 preoperatively hypokinetic regions (pdTw/dt greater than 0 less than
      5.0 cm/s) supplied by a patent graft, 30 improved by an average of 2.6 cm/s after
      operation; 18 returned to normal. Failure of 24 hypokinetic regions to improve to
      normal was associated with myocardial infarction in 11 or with late postoperative
      graft blood flows of less than 60 ml/min measured by videodensitometry, in 10.
      All seven preoperatively akinetic (pdTw/dt=0) or dyskinetic (pdTw/dt less than 0)
      regions did not improve after the operation despite the fact that, in five of the
      seven, coronary bypass flows were over 60 ml/min. All eight preoperatively
      hypokinetic regions supplied by coronary artery graft flows of less than or equal
      40 ml/min failed to improve to normal after operation. All nine preoperatively
      hypokinetic regions supplied by coronary artery graft flows of over 60 ml/min
      improved to normal after surgery. Late postoperative coronary artery bypass graft
      flows, the functional status of the myocardium, the status and distribution of
      the native coronary circulation, and decreased regional function elsewhere in the
      ventricle must all be considered when regional left ventricular function is
      interpreted.

PMID- 1086859
TI  - Milk fever in dairy cows. VII. Effect of continuous vitamin D feeding on
      incidence of milk fever.
AB  - Feeding of 20 to 30 million units of vitamin D for 3 to 8 days prepartum
      previously prevented about 80% of expected milk fever cases in mature Jersey cows
      with histories of milk fever. In this experiment vitamin D was fed continuously
      through the year via 32,000 units of vitamin D added to each .455 kg of
      concentrate fed (approximately 100,000 to 580,000 units/day). Milk fever
      incidence was measured after 5 yr of age (third calf) at 43 parturitions in
      mature Jersey cows with histories of milk fever and at 139 parturitions in mature
      Jersey cows with no previous milk fever. Continuous feeding of vitamin D reduced
      incidence of milk fever in cows with previous milk fever from 60% in the controls
      to 26.1% in the group fed vitamin D. In the cows with no milk fever previously,
      feeding vitamin D did not reduce incidence of milk fever (controls 23.7%, vitamin
      D-fed 28.3%).

PMID- 1086860
TI  - Massive postoperative hemorrhage from hepatic artery erosion.
AB  - A 66-year-old male patient who had undergone repeated operations for peptic ulcer
      disease involving the right upper abdominal quadrant, developed cholecystitis
      with calculous obstruction of the common bile duct. The gallbladder was removed.
      Later, an operation was performed for removal of a residual stone from the common
      duct. At this time an anomalous arterial structure was noted about the duct.
      Hemorrhage occurred ten days postoperatively, and the anomalous hepatic artery
      was found to be eroded. The bleeding was controlled. During the succeeding two
      weeks there were four episodes of bleeding (involving erosion of the hepatic
      artery and adjacent tissues), three of which were controlled. The fourth episode
      ended in the death of the patient from exsanguination secondary to bleeding from
      stress ulcers in the gastric remnant. At no time did the laboratory data
      unequivocally indicate an abnormality of blood coagulation. Erosion of the
      anomalous cystic artery apparently precipitated the fatal chain of events.

PMID- 1086861
TI  - Evidence for separate subpopulations of B cells responding to T-independent and T
      dependent immunogens.
AB  - BALB/c spleen cell cultures were double-challenged with optimal doses of TNP-T
      independent and TNP-T-dependent immunogens. The anti-hapten response was additive
      or synergistic in double challenged cultures compared to the response in cultures
      challenged with either immunogen alone. A high, suppressive dose of either
      immunogen did not prevent the response to an optimal dose of the second immunogen
      in the same culture. Spleen cell cultures were also double challenged with
      combinations of two T-dependent or two T-independent immunogens. Addition or
      synergy in the anti-hapten response only occurred when the double challenge
      consisted of a mixutre of T-dependent and T-independent immunogens. These results
      are consistent with the proposed B1B2 classification of B cell subpopulations.

PMID- 1086862
TI  - Membrane expression of Thy-1,2 and GM1 ganglioside on differentiating T
      lymphocytes.
AB  - C3H mouse bone marrow cells were separated by discontinuous BSA gradient
      centrifugation. Marrow cells from the 17 to 19%, 19 to 21% to 23%, 23 to 25%, 25
      to 27% interfaces and the cell pellet were treated with thymic factor (TF) or
      with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCN), followed by anti-Thy-1,2 and anti-GM1
      ganglioside antisera. Antigens determined by anti-Thy-1.2 or anti-GM1 were
      expressed either with TF or VCN within a 30-min incubation. Cells expressing
      these antigens after VCN or TF treatment were concentrated in the 19 to 21% layer
      and the 21 to 23% layer whereas there was little or no antiserum cytotoxicity in
      the other layers. A small amount of Thy-1.2 of GM1 could be detected by
      cytotoxicity on 19 to 21% layer marrow cells within 15 min of either TF or VCN
      treatment. Treatment of 19 to 21% layer cells with TF or VCN had no effect on
      anti-H-2 cytotoxicity. Pretreatment of TF-treated marrow cells with cholera toxin
      or choleragenoid (which bind cell surface GM1) abrogated the cytotoxicity of anti
      Thy-1.2 or anti-GM1 without affecting anti-H-2 cytotoxicity. Pretreatment of Thy
      1.2 positive C3H thymocytes with cholera toxin or choleragenoid greatly reduced
      the cytotoxicity of anti-Thy-1.2 antisera without affecting the cytotoxicity of
      anti-H-2 antisera. Nude mouse splenocytes, after treatment with VCN or TF, were
      susceptible to the lytic action of anti-Thy-1.2 and anti-GM1. The possibility
      that nonspecific autologous antibodies were responsible for anti-Thy-1.2
      cytotoxicity toward VCN-treated marrow cells was eliminated because anti-Thy-1.2
      was not cytotoxic for VCN treated AKR (Thy-1.1) marrow cells.

PMID- 1086863
TI  - Studies of surface immunoglobulins on human B lymphocytes. II. Characterization
      of a population of lymphocytes lacking surface immunoglobulins but carrying Fc
      receptor (SIg-Fc+ cell).
AB  - Surface markers and organ distributions of B lymphocytes bearing surface
      immunoglobulins (SIg B) and lymphocytes lacking SIg but carrying Fc receptors
      (SIg-Fc+), and the variations of both the cell populations in the autoimmune
      diseases were studied. Peripheral blood lymphocytes contained approximately 9%
      SIg B and 22% SIg-Fc+ cells. Both the populations of SIg B and SIg-Fc+ cells were
      included in the cells that formed no E-rosettes. When previously treated with
      neuraminidase, however, the SIg-Fc+ cells formed E-rosettes, whereas SIg B showed
      no ability to form rosettes. C receptors as detected by human complement were
      found in the large portions of SIg B but in a minority of the SIg-Fc+ cell
      population. The tissues that contained the highest concentrations of SIg B and
      SIg-Fc+ cells were the spleen and peripheral blood, respectively. In the patients
      with an autoimmune disease in active stages SIg B cells in the peripheral blood
      markedly increased and, reversed, SIg-Fc+ cells decreased; in contrast, in
      remission of the diseases SIg B cells dropped down and SIg-Fc+ increased up to
      their normal levels. A possible relationship between the SIg B and SIg-Fc+ cells
      in regard to the differentiation of B lymphocytes was presemed.

PMID- 1086864
TI  - Complement receptor lymphocytes in the rabbit. II. The effect of immunization on
      the complement receptor lymphocyte population in the craining lymph node.
AB  - In an attempt to determine the effect of immunization on the size and nature of
      the complement receptor lymphocyte (CRL) and surface immunoglobulin (SIg)-bearing
      lymphocyte (B cell) populations, rabbits were injected with 1 mg alum
      precipitated keyhole limpet hemocyanin and the cells of the draining popliteal
      lymph nodes were examined at various intervals for these populations. Comparison
      to unimmunized control lymph nodes revealed that immunization resulted in an
      approximate doubling of the percentages of both CRL and B cell populations by the
      peak of the response, while the cell number increased about 7-to 8-fold. Kinetic
      analysis of the response indicated that the percentages of CRL and B cells
      increased essentially in parallel beginning within 40 h after immunization.
      Simultaneous assay of complement receptor (CR) and SIg disclosed that CRL
      remained a B cell subpopulation throughout the response. To determine whether
      cell division could account for the increases in total cell number and per cent
      CRL and B cells, immunized rabbits were given 3H-thymidine in vivo, and the
      fraction of labeled (dividing) cells was determined by autoradiography. Results
      of such experiments were consistent with the possibility that the early increase
      in cell number and the increase in CRL and B cell percentages were a result of
      trapping and/or homing of lymphocytes migrating from the peripheral blood. A
      significant amount of lymphocyte division occurred during later stages of the
      response.

PMID- 1086865
TI  - Induction or suppression of B cell proliferation and differentiation by
      phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A in mouse spleen cell cultures.
AB  - Cultures of mouse spleen cells or various mixtures of mouse T and B cells were
      stimulated with PHA or Con A, and the T, B, or plasmablast nature of the
      transformed cells, was determined by immunofluorescence 2 to 4 days later. The
      lectins enhanced B cell proliferation and plasmablast differentiation ("helper"
      effect) provided one of the following conditions was fultilled: a) suboptimal
      doses of lectin were used, b) cultures were performed at low cell concentration,
      c) cultures were made of spleen cells containing a small percentage of T cells,
      d) the cultures contained a mixture of T-depleted spleen cells and T cells
      rendered unable to proliferate by irradiation. In contrast, cultures performed
      with 1.5 10(6) or more spleen cells/ml and optimal doses of lectin contained
      almost exclusively T blasts, as did cultures stimulated in the same conditions
      with both PHA and LPS. This last observation idicates the existence of a lectin
      induced "suppressor" effect, since LPS, a B cell mitogen, induces, in the absence
      of PHA, a marked B cell proliferation and differentiation into plasmablasts.
      These helper and suppressor effects were entirely mediated by T cells, since they
      were not observed in spleen cell cultures depleted in T cells by anti-thets + C.
      Analysis of the cultures by immunofluorescence and radioautography after pulses
      of 3H-thymidine showed that these antagonistic effects could be related to the
      number of T blasts present in the culture and to their proliferative behavior.
      Heoper effect is observed in cultures containing a relatively low number of T
      blasts (or none in cultures made with irradiated T cells), whereas suppressive
      effect is observed in cultures containing a high number of T blasts, a large
      proportion of them having left the proliferative cell cycle. It is proposed that
      when a critical concentration of T blasts is reached ("saturation density"),
      further proliferation and differentiation is prevented, resulting in a
      suppressive effect on the generation of plasmablasts. The helper effect of lectin
      activated T cells seems to be exerted on a subpopulation of B cells which was, at
      least in part, already proliferating in vivo, and to result in a polyclonal IgM
      plasmablast differentiation.

PMID- 1086866
TI  - Role of T lymphocytes in adjuvant arthritis. I. Evidence for the regulatory
      function of thymus-derived cells in the induction of the disease.
AB  - Rats of Wistar King Aptekman (WKA) were thymectomized at 4 weeks of age and
      injected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis wax D 6 weeks after the operation to
      induce adjuvant arthritis. The development of this disease was strikingly
      enhanced by this treatment. Further experiments showed that a 4- to 6-week
      interval between thymectomy and wax D injection was necessary to show the
      enhancing effect. Such enhancement by thymectomy was also shown in rats of
      another strain, Sprague-Dawley (SD). The enhancing effect of thymectomy was
      abolished when thymocytes of normal syngeneic rats were transferred to
      thymectomized rats 7 days before the wax D inoculation. Furthermore, severe
      arthritis was also produced in WKA rats that were pretreated with low dose (200
      R)  whole body irradiation, but not in those treated with higher doses (400 to
      700 R). These results seem to indicate that the enhancing effect is brought about
      by selective depletion of a certain population of T lymphocytes. The population
      depleted may be thymus dependent, short-lived and radiosensitive, the properties
      of which agree whith those known for suppressor T lymphocytes. Thus, it appears
      that thymus-derived cells could normally exert a regulatory effect on the
      development of adjuvant arthritis which might render these rat strains relatively
      less susceptible to this disease.

PMID- 1086867
TI  - Electrophoretic separation of radioisotopically labeled mouse lymphocytes.
AB  - A new preparative method is described for the separation and direct
      electrophoretic comparison of the distribution profile of radioisotopically
      labeled cells. The cell populations to be compared are labeled separately with
      different radioisotopes (e.g., 51Cr and 99mTc) and mixed. The cell mixture is
      subjected to density gradient electrophoresis and the distribution of each
      radioisotope in the collected fractions is ascertained by differential gamma
      counting. In the case of uniform label uptake by the cells in each distribution,
      the radioactivity counts represent cell frequency. Nonuniform labeling allows
      useful comparisons only in terms of relative mobility distribution. Model
      experiments performed with 51Cr- and 99mTc-labeled mouse thymocytes and spleen
      cells are in general agreement with mobility distribution results obtained
      previously by free flow electrophoresis.

PMID- 1086868
TI  - Genetic control of immune responsiveness to poly (LPro)--poly (LLys)-derived
      polypeptides by histocompatibility-linked immune response genes in the rat.
AB  - In rats responsiveness to branched synthetic polypeptides carrying a Pro--L
      backbone, such as (T,G)-Pro--L or (Phe,G)-Pro-L and to Pro--L itself is
      controlled by Ir genes which are linked to the major histocompatibility genes.
      The level of antibody production to these polypeptides does not fall into strict
      high or low responder categories but covers the range in between. (T,G)-pro--L
      and Pro--L elicit a very similar response pattern which, however, differs from
      that obtained with (Phe,G)-Pro--L. Anti-(T,G),Pro--L antibodies do not cross
      react with (T,G)-A--L, but do so extensively with Pro--L. Anti-(Phe,G)-Pro--L
      antibodies show cross-reactivity to (Phe,G)-A--L only when the antibody-producing
      strain is a high responder to (Phe,G)-A--L. These results when considered in view
      of data obtained in mice on genetic control of the immune response to (T,G)-Pro-
      L suggest that at least two unlinked Ir genes are involved in controlling anti
      Pro--L responsiveness.

PMID- 1086869
TI  - Cytotoxic macrophages: a rapid nonspecific response to viral infection.
AB  - In vitro and in vivo assays have been developed to study the relative
      contributions of various types of immune cytolysis in the destruction of infected
      cells after Semliki Forest virus infection of BALB/c mice. Highly cytotoxic
      activated macrophages, not specific for the infecting virus, appear on day 1,
      peak on day 2 to 3, and disappear within a week. Specifically sensitized T cells
      appear around day 3, peak on day 6, and disappear within a month. Cytotoxic
      antibody appears on day 4 and reaches high titers by day 8. Immune spleen cells
      greatly reduce the yield of virus from cultured cells. Infected cells rapidly
      disappear after transfer to infected animals.

PMID- 1086870
TI  - Functional heterongeneity among the T-derived lymphocytes of the mouse. VI.
      Memory T cells stored in the T2 subpopulation.
AB  - Memory T cells were demonstrated in mice which were the precursors for cells
      causing sheep red blood cell-(SRBC) specific helper activity in the in vitro
      response of spleen cells to trinitrophenyl (TNP)-SRBC. These memory cells were
      distinguished from the effectors of helper activity generated during the primary
      response and were shown to belong to the T2 subpopulation of peripheral T cells
      on the basis of 1) their rapid response to a challenge with SRBC, 2) their long
      lifetime, and 3) their sensitivity to small in vivo doses of anti-thymocyte
      serum.

PMID- 1086871
TI  - Mouse B and T lymphocyte responses to purified timothy pollen antigens in vitro.
AB  - Purified populations of splenic B and T lymphocytes from LAF mice immunized with
      a crude extract of timothy pollen (WST) responded specifically to pollen antigens
      in an in vitro lymphocyte transformation system. The peak lymphocyte
      transformation response occurred 5 days after a secondary immunization and was
      the result of T-B cell cooperation in vitro. Wtih two purified pollen antigens as
      in vitro stimulants we were able to define at least two antigen-specific
      population of B cells and one population of T cells. These results were confirmed
      by inhibition studies with a monovalent hapten from WST, Antigen D.

PMID- 1086872
TI  - Subpopulations of chicken B lymphocytes.
AB  - Immunoglobulin-synthesizing cells from the spleen and bursa were fractionated by
      the 1 X G sedimentation velocity technique and characterized by their ability to
      synthesize immunoglobulin and by staining with fluorescent anti-light chain
      chain. Four subpopulations of immunoglobulin-synthesizing cells were identified.
      In the bursa, slowly sedimenting (S 2.3 mm/hr) and rapidly sedimenting (S greater
      than 3.5 mm/hr) subpopulations with surface immunoglobulin were present; in the
      spleen, a slowly sedimenting (S 2.3 mm/hr) subpopulation with surface
      immunoglobulin and plasma cells (S greater than 3.5 mm/hr) with large
      concentrations of intracellular immunoglobulin existed. The subpopulations
      differed most markedly in their ability to synthesize immunoglobulin (cpm Ig
      synthesized/10(6) Ig-positive cells); the rates of immunoglobulin synthesis were
      in the ratio 1:2:1:900. The slowly sedimenting B cells from the spleen and both
      subpopulations of B cells from the bursa released small amounts of immunoglobulin
      into the culture media, whereas, the plasma cells released immunoglobulin at a
      rate as much as 3700 times greater. Bursal B cells could be further distinguished
      from splenic B cells by a greater amount of DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1086873
TI  - Fractionation of cytotoxic cells from tumour-immune rats on derivatized collagen
      gels.
AB  - Incubation at 37 degrees C of spleen cells from rats, immunized with Gross virus
      induced lymphoma, on collagen gels coated with membrane extracts of lymphoma
      cells yielded two different cell populations. The non-adherent cells showed
      greatly diminished cytotocicity for lymphoma cells compared with unfractionated
      spleen cell suspensions, whilst the specifically adherent cells which were
      recovered after collagenase digestion of the gels, showed enrichment of cytotoxic
      activity.

PMID- 1086874
TI  - Studies of mouse-brain-associated T-lymphocyte antigens.
AB  - Xeno- and alloantigens shared by mouse brain, thymocytes and thymus-derived
      lymphocytes were isolated from brain by butanol extraction, followed by Sephadex
      G-200 column chromatography and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,
      both in the presence of SDS. The antigenic activity, as tested by inhibition of
      complement-mediated cytotoxicity using a xenogeneic antiserum directed against T
      cell-specific antigens (anti-MTLA), was enriched 50-fold during the purification
      procedure. Xenogeneic and allogeneic antisera which were specific for mouse T
      lymphocytes, could be obtained by immunization of rabbits and mice with the
      partially purified antigens.

PMID- 1086875
TI  - Serologic responses of children with meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae
      type b.
AB  - The immunologic responses of 100 children hospitalized with meningitis due to
      Haemophilus influenzae type b were measured by the bactericidal antibody assay
      (BAA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) for detection of antibody. Short-term (14-17
      days after onset of illness) responses were detected by RIA alone in 20 children,
      by BAA alone in six, and by both tests in 23. The more sensitive RIA detected 20
      children who would have been labeled "immunologically unresponsive" had only BAA
      been used. The magnitude of the antibody response was clearly related to age. Of
      26 children with no immediate antibody response, 11 still had no rise in titer of
      antibody when restudied two to 20 months later; the remaining 15 had subsequent
      increases in titer. Nine of 10 children who showed an immediate antibody response
      remained positive when additional blood smaples were taken two to 18 months
      later. Over half of the children initially unresponsive to H. influenzae type b
      meningitis subsequently developed specific antibodies. The remainder, who failed
      to acquire detectable antibodies at either the acute stage of illness or late in
      convalescence, deserve further investigation as to the nature of their
      immunologic hyporesponsiveness to H. influenzae type b meningitis.

PMID- 1086876
TI  - Amikacin in the treatment of gram-negative bronchopulmonary infections.
AB  - Six patients with acute gram-negative bronchopulmonary infection were treated
      with amikacin (15 mg/kg per day) administered intramuscularly in two equal doses
      at 12-hr intervals for 10-13 days. Two patients had underlying nonspecific
      pulmonary disease, two had advanced bronchocarcinoma, and two had extensive
      bronchiectasis (due to chronic aspergillosis in one patient). The pathogens were
      Pseudomonas aeruginosa in three patients, and Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella
      ozaenae, and Enterobacter cloacae each in one patient. Five patients recovered
      completely, with resolution of fever and other acute symptoms and elimination of
      the causative organism from sputum cultures. A moribund patient with advanced
      metastatic bronchocarcinoma died two days after the treatment with amikacin had
      been completed; the last specimen of sputum was still positive for P. aeruginosa.
      Tests of liver and renal function and blood counts revealed no abnormaltities.
      Complete audiometric survey showed no hearing loss. Nystagmography revealed
      reversible, lessened caloric response in some patients. Amikacin was well
      absorbed from the site of intramuscular injection. Levels of amikacin in serum
      varied among the subjects and, in some cases, for individual patients on
      different days.

PMID- 1086877
TI  - [Left ventricular function before and after revascularization in coronary
      diseases].

PMID- 1086878
TI  - [Anti-inflammatory agents and analgesics].

PMID- 1086879
TI  - A reappraisal of cellular labeling with radiochromium salts.
AB  - The present studies demonstrate that, while erythrocytes preferentially bind
      hexavalent 51Cr, leukocytes bind the trivalent form with equal avidity. Red cells
      may be saturated with label in contrast to the binding of 51Cr to leukocytes,
      which may be described by first-order kinetics. Hexavalent label is rapidly
      reduced in leukocytes in contradistinction to the finding in red cells. The
      nonreutilization of label by erythrocytes and leukocytes is not due to
      inappropriate valency but to protein binding of the label. Unlike nonleukemic
      cells, leukemic leukocytes elute a large fraction of their label. These factors
      have been largely overlooked in many previous clinical studies using labeled
      cells, and they are of sufficient quantitative importance to compromise seriously
      the validity of numerous earlier reports.

PMID- 1086880
TI  - Pediatric update--childhood tuberculosis.

PMID- 1086881
TI  - Role of B lymphocytes in cell-mediated immunity. I. Requirement for T cells or T
      cell products for antigen-induced B-cell activation.
AB  - Although B lymphocytes can be triggered by B-cell mitogens and by certain other
      molecules to produce lymphokines, they do not produce lymphokines when stimulated
      with specific soluble protein antigens. We have investigated whether T-cell help
      would enable B cells to produce lymphokines when activated by antigens. Addition
      of small numbers of T cells to B-cell cultures resulted in significant production
      of a monocyte chemotactic factor. T cells could be replaced by supernates of
      antigen-stimulated T cells, demonstrating both that the chemotactic factor was B
      cell-dervied and that T-cell help was mediated by a soluble factor. Although the
      T-cell factor was nonantigen specific, B-cell activation required the presence of
      both antigen and T-cell factor. Thus, it appears that although dependent upon T
      cells, B lymphocytes may play an important role in amplification of cell-mediated
      immune responses.

PMID- 1086882
TI  - Regulatory mechanisms in cell-mediated immune responses. IV. Expression of a
      receptor for mixed lymphocyte reaction suppressor factor on activated T
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Suppression of the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) by a soluble factor produced
      by alloantigen-activated spleen cells requires genetic homology between the
      factor-producing cells and responder cells in MLR. The ability of lymphocytes
      used as MLR responder cells to adsorb MLR suppressor factor was tested to
      investigate the expression of a receptor structure for suppressor molecules.
      Normal spleen or thymus cells had no effect on suppressor activity. Concanavalin
      A (Con A)-activated thymocytes, however, effectively removed suppressor activity,
      suggesting that the receptor is expressed only after activation and is not
      present or not functional on resting cells. Significantly neither
      phytohemagglutinin- nor lipopolysaccharide-activated lymphoid cells absorbed the
      factor. Furthermore, only Con A-activated thymocytes demonstrating genetic
      homology with the cell producing suppressor factor for H-2 regions to the right
      of I-E were effective absorbants. Alloantigen-stimulated spleen cells syngeneic
      to the suppressor cell also removed suppressor activity. These data support an
      hypothesis that subsequent to stimulation in MLR, T lymphocytes express a
      receptor, either through synthesis or alteration of an existing molecular
      structure, which then provides the appropriate site for interaction with
      suppressor molecules.

PMID- 1086883
TI  - Allogeneic carrier-specific enhancement of hapten-specific secondary B-cell
      responses.
AB  - We have analyzed the capacity of carrier-specific T cells to enhance the immune
      response of hapten-specific secondary B cells which do not share genes in the H-2
      complex with the T cells. For this analysis we have used the in vitro splenic
      focus technique which allows assessment of monoclonal responses of B cells
      isolated in splenic fragment cultures of irradiated reconstituted carrier primed
      mice. A previous report from this laboratory demonstrated that syngeny in the I
      region of the H-2 complex was necessary between collaborating hapten-specific
      primary (nonimmune) B cells and carrier-specific T cells for responses yielding
      IgG1 but not IgM antibody. These findings lead up to postulate that the
      expression of I-region gene products on the surface of primary B cells and I
      region syngeny with collaborating carrier-specific T cells were essential
      elements in the triggering events leading to IgG1 synthesis by primary B cells.
      The results presented in the present report indicate that, unlike primary B
      cells, the majority of secondary B cells can be stimulated to produce IgG1
      antibody in carrier-primed allogeneic recipients. Although the enhancement of
      secondary IgG1 responses is slightly greater with syngeneic T cells, the
      allogeneic collaborative interaction requires both carrier priming of recipient
      mice and stimulation with the homologous hapten-carrier complex and thus appears
      to be specific. These findings clearly discriminate secondary from primary B
      cells and indicate that the mechanism of stimulation of secondary B cells to
      yield IgG1-producing clones differs fundamentally from the stimulation of primary
      B cells in that the requisite for I-region syngeny is obviated.

PMID- 1086885
TI  - Role of self-carriers in the immune response and tolerance. I. B-cell
      unresponsiveness and cytotoxic T-cell immunity induced by haptenated syngeneic
      lymphoid cells.
AB  - Normal spleen cells cultured with TNP-modified syngeneic spleen cells fail to
      mount an anti-TNP PFC response to TNP-ficoll or TNP-red blood cells,but go on to
      generate cytotoxic T cells directed at hapten-modified H-2.These results suggest
      that hapten-modifeid spleen cells may differentially induce B-cell tolerance and
      T- (Ly 2,3) cell immunity. The differential response to modified self by
      lymphocyte subpopulations is discussed.

PMID- 1086884
TI  - Isoantiserum-augmented development of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.
AB  - Passive administration of anti-P-814 isoantiserum (IS) with P-815 mastocytoma was
      shown to augment the development of T-lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (LMC). The
      LMC activity augmented by IS was specific to immunizing tumor cells, but required
      the simultaneous administration of P-815 tumor cells and anti-P-815 serum,
      suggesting that the antigen-antibody complex is involved in the development of
      specific cytotoxic T cells. The serum component responsible for augmented
      development of LMC activity appeared to be IgM in that the augmenting activity
      fractionated in the void volume of a G-200 Sephadex column and appears very early
      after immunization. Our experimental results suggest the development of specific
      T-cell cytotoxicity can be directly regulated by specific IgM antibodies.

PMID- 1086886
TI  - Fractionation of human T lymphocytes on wheat germ agglutinin-sepharose.
AB  - T cells from human peripheral blood was purified by fractionation on columns
      charged with human immunoglobulin and rabbit anti-human immuno-globulin. When
      assayed with 125I- or fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled wheat-germ agglutinin
      (WGA), a weakly binding and a strongly binding subpopulation could be
      distinguished. These T-cell subpopulations were fractionated on columns charged
      with WGA, convalently bound to Sepharose 6MB. The cells responding to the
      mitogens leukoagglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris and concanavalin A were enriched
      in the strongly binding subpopulation (approximately 20% of the T cells) while
      they were depleted from the weakly binding subpopulation.

PMID- 1086887
TI  - An oral test of pancreatic chymotrypsin activity using N-acetyl-L-tyrosyl-p-amino
      benzoic acid in rats.
AB  - After a single dose of up to 50 mg/kg body weight (optimal amount for the test)
      of p-aminobenzoic acid or the corresponding amount of synthetic chymotrypsin
      substrate N-acetyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid, the urinary excretion of p
      aminobenzoic acid in rats increases approximately linearly during 24 h. Higher
      doses do not cause any further significant increase in the amount of urine
      excreted p-aminobenzoic acid. Compared with a 24 h collecting period, 82% of p
      aminobenzoic acid and 77% of p-aminobenzoic acid from N-acetyl-L-tyrosyl-p
      aminobenzoic acid were excreted in the urine during the first 6 h after oral
      application of these substances. Therefore it is sufficient for practical
      purposes to determine p-aminobenzoic acid in 6 h urine samples. Stimulation of
      pancreatic secretion by application of 2.5 U of pancreozymin and 2.5 U of
      secretin failed to bring about significant increase in the cleaved p-aminobenzoic
      acid in the urine.

PMID- 1086888
TI  - Strophanthidin-sensitive sodium fluxes in metabolically poisoned frog skeletal
      muscle.
AB  - Strophanthidin-sensitive and insensitive unidirectional fluxes of Na were
      measured in fog sartorius muscles whose internal Na levels were elevated by
      overnight storage in the cold. ATP levels were lowered, and ADP levels raised, by
      metabolic poisoning with either 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene or iodoacetamide.
      Strophanthidin-sensitive Na efflux and influx both increased after poisoning,
      while strophanthidin-insensitives fluxes did not. The increase in efflux did not
      require the presence of external K but was greatly attenuated when Li replaced Na
      as the major external cation. Membrane potential was not markedly altered by 2,4
      dinitrofluorobenzene. These observations indicate that the sodium pump of frog
      skeletal muscle resembles that of squid giant axon and human erythrocyte in its
      ability to catalyze Na-Na exchange to an extent determined by intracellular
      ATP/ADP levels.

PMID- 1086889
TI  - Neuroelectric blocking factors in human and animal sera evaluated using the
      isolated frog spinal cord.
AB  - The effects of sera from guinea-pigs with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
      (EAE) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were evaluated and compared with the
      activity of control sera using the isolated frog spinal cord. Ventral root
      responses (VRR) were recorded during supramaximal ipsilateral dorsal root
      stimulation in the presence and absence of 25% serum. In control experiments with
      normal human and guinea-pig sera we observed a consistent, reversible increase in
      VRR averaging 20% and 17% respectively, and in no case was any significant
      decrease produced. In contrast, sera from EAE guinea-pigs 12 to 19 days after
      injection produced an equally rapid, reversible decrease in VRR. The decrease
      averaged 36% and was highly significant (P less than 0.0001) relative to
      controls. Similarly, sera from MS patients on the average decreased the VRR by
      26%, and this again was significant compared with controls (P less than 10(-6).

PMID- 1086890
TI  - Mechanism of the inverted supinator reflex. A clinical and neurophysiological
      study.
AB  - The inverted supinator reflex sign was analysed in two patients by recording the
      response of the finger flexor muscles of the forearm to tapping of the styloid
      process of the radius before and after procain infiltration of these muscles. It
      was found that the response persisted despite the block. The findings support the
      concept that the underlying mechanism is increased alpha motoneurone excitability
      below the level of the lesion; however, a possible contribution of the dynamic
      muscle spindles could not be excluded.

PMID- 1086891
TI  - A potential error in the quantitation of fecal blood loss: concise communication.
AB  - Chromium-51-labeled red cells were used to quantitate fecal blood loss in a
      patient with chronic upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. On Day 1, the stool
      guaiac was positive but the blood loss indicated by 51Cr was less than 1 cm3.
      Blood loss in the stool by 51Cr did not become significant until Day 3, when it
      measured 23 cm3. The failure to detect abnormal blood loss on Day 1, and probably
      on Day 2, appears to be due to a long intestinal transit time from a proximal
      bleeding site. The problem of slow intestinal transit is not uncommon and could
      lead to a false-negative study or falsely low estimates of fecal blood loss. This
      problem could be minimized by beginning stool collection on Day 3 or by delaying
      stool collection until the appearance in the stool of an oral nonabsorbable
      marker swallowed when the 51Cr-tagged red cells are injected.

PMID- 1086892
TI  - Development of interdisciplinary problem-oriented recording in a public health
      nursing agency.

PMID- 1086893
TI  - Lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1086894
TI  - Resistance of H. influenzae to ampicillin.

PMID- 1086895
TI  - Proctosigmoidoscopy and rectal biopsy in infants and children.
AB  - The medical records of all patients ages 0 to 21 years who underwent
      proctosigmoidoscopy and/or rectal biopsy over a 27 month period of time were
      reviewed to determine the efficacy and safety of these procedures in pediatric
      patients. One hundred twenty-one patients underwent proctosigmoidoscopy; 91 of
      these also had rectal biopsies. Median age was two years; 21% were less than six
      months and 8% less than one month of age. Depth of examination was 10 to 15 cm in
      most patients greater than 10 years of age. Induced friability was the most
      frequently observed mucosal abnormality. Abnormal findings were almost always
      present in patients with bloody diarrhea and were quite common in those with
      rectal bleeding, but less common in those with chronic diarrhea and abdominal
      pain. Colitis of various causes was the most common cause of blood in the stool;
      anal fissures were found in only four of 23 patients with rectal bleeding. Both
      proctosigmoidoscopy and rectal biopsy were needed to exclude the presence of
      colitis. Mobidity was 0% with proctosigmoidoscopy and 0.34% with rectal suction
      biopsy.

PMID- 1086896
TI  - Poor prognosis of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia and increased B cell
      markers.

PMID- 1086897
TI  - Histiocytosis X: late manifestations in a long-term survivor of Letterer-Siwe
      disease.

PMID- 1086898
TI  - Bilateral phrenic nerve palsy in the newborn infant. A case report.

PMID- 1086899
TI  - The surgery of biliary hypoplasia.

PMID- 1086900
TI  - Changes in membrane currents in bullfrog atrium produced by acetylcholine.
AB  - 1. A double sucrose-gap voltage-clamp technique has been used to study the
      effects of acetylcholine on the membrane currents in atrial trabeculae of the
      bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. 2. The second, or slow inward (Ca2+/Na+) current, was
      found to be markedly reduced by concentrations of acetylcholine greater than
      approximately 2-0 X 10(-8)M. The resulting decrease in net calcium entry provides
      a straightforward explanation for the negative inotropic action of acetylcholine
      in atrial muscle. 3. Measurements of membrane resistance near the resting
      potential showed that relatively high doses of acetylcholine (approximately 10(
      7) M) decrease membrane resistance by about twofold. This effect is shown to be
      the result of an increase in a time-independent background current which appears
      to be carried mainly by potassium ions. 4. Using appropriate pharmacological
      techniques, it has been possible to demonstrate: (i) that the peak slow inward
      current is reduced to about half its initial value before any significant
      increase in background current occurs; (ii) that even when a sufficient dose of
      acetylcholine to produce an increase in background current is used, the
      background current shows inward-going rectification and cannot account for the
      observed reduction in the slow inward current. 5. No consistent change was
      observed in the degree of activation of the time-dependent outward membrane
      currents after application of concentrations of acetylcholine which produced
      large decreases in the peak slow inward current. 6. These results are discussed
      in relation to previous electro-physiological and radioisotope studies of the
      mechanism of the negative inotropic effect of acetylcholine in cardiac muscle.

PMID- 1086902
TI  - Current-voltage relationships in the crystalline lens.
AB  - 1. Electrical coupling between the cells of the crystalline lens of the frog eye
      was studied using two intralenticular micro-electrodes, one to pass current and
      one to record potential. In most experiments, both electrodes were placed just
      inside the posterior surface of the lens at a depth of approximately 200 mum from
      the surface. Step functions of current were applied and the time course of the
      resulting change in voltage was measured at many different electrode separations.
      2. The voltage change has both a fast component, which occurs only locally in the
      region close to the current passing micro-electrode, and a slow component, which
      is spatially uniform, independent of distance from the current micro-electrode.
      3. This behaviour is predicted by an electrical model of a single large spherical
      cell, and so that model can be used to analyse our data. 4. The resistivity of
      the lens 'interior' (both cytoplasm and coupling resistivity) is 625 omega cm;
      the resistance of the lens 'membrane' is 2751 omega cm2. 5. The data and analysis
      help to reconcile discrepancies between previous measurements of the electrical
      properties of the lens and show clearly that there is substantial electrical
      coupling from cell to cell. The method should allow investigation of the role of
      electrical coupling in cataract formation in the crystalline lens.

PMID- 1086901
TI  - Action of vinblastine on the spontaneous release of acetylcholine at the frog
      neuromuscular junction.
AB  - 1. Vinblastine induces reversible changes of the spontaneous release of
      acetylcholine (ACh) at the frog neuromuscular junction as characterized by the
      appearance of giant potentials. These large potentials occur soon after soaking
      the muscle in vinblastine and are not consequent to a large increase in the
      frequency of spontaneous release. Their number, relative to the total number of
      spontaneous potentials, increases with the duration of soaking. 2. Large
      potentials appear even in the presence of tetrodotoxin or in low Ca2+-high Mg2+
      Ringer solution. 3. Following vinblastine treatment,the amplitude histogram of
      spontaneous potentials recorded from a number of fibres display an evident
      periodicity with peaks occurring regularly at simple multiples of the model
      amplitude of the unitary potentials. It is suggested that giant potentials are
      produced by the release of preformed pluriquantal packets of ACh. 4. Comparison
      of the amplitude distribution of spontaneous potentials and end-plates potentials
      show that only an insignificant number of large quanta are released by nerve
      stimuli. The absolute frequency of giant potentials does not markedly change when
      spontaneous discharge is accelerated by hypertonic solution. 5. The mechanism by
      which vinblastine induces the appearance of giant potentials is discussed.

PMID- 1086903
TI  - The role of some small peptides in the transfer of amino nitrogen across the wall
      of vascularly perfused intestine.
AB  - The characteristics have been investigated of the transfer into the vascular bed
      of L-leucine and glycine from free amino acids or peptides in the intestinal
      lumen of Rana pipiens. Over the concentration range 0-5-10 mM the transfer of L
      leucine is but little affected by the presence of equimolar concentrations of
      glycine but the transfer of glycine, in contrast, is greatly inhibited by the
      presence of L-leucine. 2. With glycyl-L-leucine in the intestinal lumen, the rate
      of transfer of glycine into the vascular bed is much greater than from the
      mixture of the two amino acids and is equal to that of the L-leucine. From L
      leucyl-glycine the rates of transfer of leucine and of glycine are also higher
      than from the mixture of the two amino acids but the rate of transfer of glycine
      is somewhat lower than that of leucine. There is no evidence of the presence of
      the dipeptides in the effluent from the portal vein. 3. When the peptide glycyl-L
      leucine is added to the lumen in the presence of 10 mM concentrations of the free
      amino acids, additional amounts of L-leucine and of glycine are transferred in
      approximately equimolar quantities into the vascular bed. This additional
      transfer exhibits saturation with respect to concentration of peptide in the
      intestinal lumen. An additional transfer of amino acids was also found when L
      leucyl-glycine was added to the lumen in the presence of saturating
      concentrations of the two amino acids. 4. Evidence is presented that the presence
      of the dipeptides in the intestinal lumen had little effect on the transfer of
      free amino acids from the lumen into the vascular bed. Although the transfer of
      free amino acids from the lumen into the vascular bed is significantly, but not
      completely, abolished when the Na in the intestinal lumen is replaced by K, the
      transfer of the amino acids from the dipeptides is but little affected. 5. The
      findings are discussed in relation to the view that the dipeptides are
      transported into the mucosal epithelium by a process that is distinct from those
      promoting uptake of the individual amino acids. Being completely hydrolysed,
      there is no evidence for an accumulative uptake of the peptides; it is suggested
      that this may be related to the fact that the peptide uptake occurs in the
      absence of Na in the intestinal lumen.

PMID- 1086904
TI  - Studies in the neurophysiology of learning: X. Phase coherence of brain
      potentials as index of alertness and orienting response in the rat.
AB  - With use of electrical potentials derived from chronically implanted electrodes
      in the rat's forebrain to trigger a computer of average transients (CAT),
      averaged traces were obtained which gave characteristic undulations under
      conditions of arousal and alertness (N = seven albino rats--six male and one
      female). Under conditions of extreme adaptation to the environmental condition,
      the averaged undulations disappeared. The undulations were characterized by a
      period of 125-150 milliseconds and occurred in trains of .3-.5 second. The
      parameters of the waves were constant for a variety of novel environmental
      conditions, but the waves vanished in those conditions that appeared to greatly
      stress or terrify the rat. The undulations so obtained were conditionable to
      initially neutral stimuli in both the forward and backward directions.

PMID- 1086905
TI  - Lymphocytes forming rosettes with sheep erythrocytes in metastatic pleural
      effusions.
AB  - Percentages of lymphocytes forming rosettes with sheep erythrocytes at 29 degrees
      C were determined in 10 cancer patients with metastases to the pleural cavity.
      Compared with normal controls, the patients showed a decreased proportion of
      rosette-forming cells (RFC) in the peripheral blood. The same patients had
      elevated levels of RFC in their metastatic pleural effusions. However, 2 patients
      with benign diseases had normal levels of RFC in their peripheral blood and
      pleural transudates. These observations suggested that in cancer patients some T
      cells might migrate from the peripheral blood and accumulate in sites of tumor
      infiltration such as the pleural cavity.

PMID- 1086906
TI  - Regulatory variants for the expression of H-2 antigens. II. Level of
      discrimination of cell-mediated cytolysis.
AB  - We used alloantigenic variants to analyze whether killer T-cells and antibody in
      the presence of complement (two effector components of the immune system)
      recognized the same determinants on target tissues. The variants were selected
      from mouse myeloma cells by immune selection and differed from the parent cell in
      that they did not express H-2 antigens. The results suggested that both killer T
      cells and humoral effectors recognized the same determinants, though the killer T
      cells may have been more sensitive either in recognizing these determinants or
      mediating lysis.

PMID- 1086908
TI  - Quality of life.

PMID- 1086907
TI  - Primary aortoduodenal fistula. A rare cause of acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1086909
TI  - The probability of closure in aortocoronary vein bypass grafts.
AB  - A study of 540 patients who had the aortocoronary vein bypass operation (from
      several transplant teams) showed that grafts within a patient closed
      independently of one another during the first-two year postoperative period. For
      patients with a single vein graft, there was a 23% chance of closure during the
      first two year postoperative period. The chance that all grafts would close
      during this period for patients with two grafts was 5%, and it was 1% for
      patients with three grafts. The knowledge of these closure probabilities may be
      used by the surgeon when planning the optimal surgical maneuver.

PMID- 1086910
TI  - Antihemophilic factor concentrate therapy in von Willebrand disease. Dissociation
      of bleeding-time factor and ristocetin-cofactor activities.
AB  - Treatment of von Willebrand disease with two plasma antihemophilic factor (AHF)
      concentrates, cryoprecipitate and glycine-precipitated AHF, was compared. Both
      concentrates were equally effective in immediately raising the plasma levels of
      factor VIII, the factor VIII-related antigen, and the ristocetin-related von
      Willebrand factor (vWF) and in stimulating a secondary rise in plasma factor
      VIII. Given either concentrate, the vWF activity, the antigen, and factor VIII
      levels were normalized in a patient with von Willebrand disease. However,
      correction of the prolonged bleeding time and control of bleeding occurred only
      with the cryoprecipitate. The bleeding-time corrective factor and the ristocetin
      related vWF or platelet-aggregating factor are dissociable, distinct activites.

PMID- 1086911
TI  - Acute otitis media caused by ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae type B.

PMID- 1086912
TI  - Rehabilitation after cardiac surgery.

PMID- 1086913
TI  - Polyene antibiotics. VII. Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance evidence for
      cyclic hemiketals in the polyene antibiotics amphotericin B, nystatin A1, tetrin
      A, tetrin B, lucensomycin, and pimaricin1,2.
AB  - Carbon magnetic resonance establishes conclusively that six polyene macrolide
      antibiotics containing keto groups (the heptaene amphotericin B, the tetraene
      diene nystatin A1, and the tetraenes tetrin A, tetrin B, pimaricin, and
      lucensomycin) exist in the hemiketal form in solution. Their spectra all contain
      a hemiketal carbon's absorption near 97 ppm but lack a keto carbon's absorption
      near 210 ppm. The non-polyenic macrolide erythromycin, on the other hand, exists
      in the keto form.

PMID- 1086914
TI  - Theoretical and therapeutic potential of indoleamine precursors. (1).
      Introduction.

PMID- 1086915
TI  - Cytotoxic activity of purified guinea pig lymphotoxin against various cell lines.
AB  - Cytotoxic activity of the purified guinea pig lymphotoxin (GLT) was tested on
      various blood cells and various cultured cell lines. GLT was generally
      ineffective on erythrocytes and lymphocytes, but it was somewhat effective on
      peritoneal exudate cells indicating GLT might play an important role in the
      regulatory mechanism of the cellular immunity. Considerable difference in target
      cell sensitivity was observed among the cultured cell lines tested. The
      sensitivity of L cells to GLT was significantly lowered by the trypsin treatment
      of the cells. Furthermore, porcine thyroglobulin glycopeptide exerted weak but
      definite inhibitory activity against GLT. These results suggest that the
      cytotoxicity of GLT might be triggered by the binding of GLT to the receptor
      sites of glycoprotein nature on the cell surface.

PMID- 1086916
TI  - Carcinogenesis in tissue culture 27: heterotransplantation as an alternative in
      vivo assay for neoplastic state of cells in culture.
AB  - Cells of serially cultured strains and newly-isolated cells originating from rat
      liver and lung were heterotransplanted into pouches of golden hamsters treated
      with antithymocyte serum (ATS). The "take" was determined by histopathological
      examination of nodules formed by 3 weeks after the transplantation. The results
      obtained under this criteria showed that 9 of 11 cell strains backtransplantable
      to rats and 2 of 4 strains untransplantable were in parallel with those in rats.
      Three kinds of uncultured liver cells resulted in "no take".

PMID- 1086917
TI  - [Introduction of the problem-oriented system and the practice of obstetrical
      management].

PMID- 1086918
TI  - [Temperature measurement in infants].

PMID- 1086919
TI  - [Temperature readings of premature infants].

PMID- 1086920
TI  - [Ability of premature infant to maintain his own body temperature].

PMID- 1086921
TI  - [Effect of time cycle change on blood pressure and temperature in young women].

PMID- 1086922
TI  - [Discussion: Importance of the basic research (a discussion by the translators of
      the preceding 4 articles introduced in the same issue)].

PMID- 1086923
TI  - [Problem-oriented recording as a teaching-learning tool].

PMID- 1086924
TI  - [Bypass grafting and adventitial stripping in a variant form of angina
      complicated with organic stenosis].

PMID- 1086925
TI  - [Experimental studies on arterialization of the coronary vein system].

PMID- 1086926
TI  - [Successful myocardial revascularization with quadruple bypass].

PMID- 1086927
TI  - [Atypical retinopathia pigmentosa with central retinoschisis (Goldmann-Favre)
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A family is presented whose two daughters suffer from Goldmann-Favre disease.
      They have a retinoschisis and bone corpuscle like pigmentations. Both the girls
      have pathological ERG's (reduced b-waves, potentials up to 40 muV, no a-waves).
      The EOG of the younger is normal (Arden ratio 200%), but the EOG of the elder
      sister is pathological (Arden ratio right 120%, left 150%).

PMID- 1086928
TI  - Cellular immune response in vitro: I. A requirement for time-dependent T
      lymphocyte cell division of cytotoxic cells in the allogeneic response.
AB  - Immunocompetent lymphoid cells cultured in vitro with allogeneic stimulator cells
      have been shown to produce T-lymphocyte populations which are specifically
      cytotoxic in vitro to the stimulatory cells whether normal or malignant. Although
      the culture requirements as well as the allogeneic requirements are known, the
      events leading to the production of T-lymphocyte cytotoxic cells is poorly
      understood. This study examines the role of cell division in the production of
      allogeneic cytotoxic T-cells in vitro. The elimination of cell division during
      the first 24 hr of allogeneic culture does not affect the cell-mediated cytotoxic
      immune response in vitro. Cell division is required, however, from 24 hr through
      96 hr in culture and not necessary after 96 hr.

PMID- 1086929
TI  - Photomonomerization of pyrimidine dimers by indoles and proteins.

PMID- 1086930
TI  - The principle of non-equivalence in development.

PMID- 1086931
TI  - Histologic changes in saphenous vein aorta-coronary bypass grafts. The effect of
      the angle of the aortic anastomosis.
AB  - Thirteen dogs were subjected to bypass grafting from the aorta to the left
      circumflex coronary artery with the saphenous vein to determine whether the angle
      of insertion of the saphenous vein into the aorta influences the functional and
      histologic fate of the grafts. The angle of the aortic anastomosis was obtuse in
      6 dogs, acute in 5, and perpendicular in 2. Histologic examination of all 13
      grafts 6 to 19 months (mean 9.4) postoperatively showed fibrous intimal
      proliferative lesions of variable severity along the entire length of the grafts,
      occasionally with extension into the native coronary arteries. Loss of medical
      smooth muscle and adventitial fibrosis also occurred in all 13 grafts. The extent
      and severity of these changes, however, were not related to the angle aortic
      anastomosis.

PMID- 1086932
TI  - Late cardiac tamponade: a potentially lethal complication of open-heart surgery.
AB  - Cardiac tamponade occurring late after open-heart surgery is a frequently fatal
      complication. Of the 13 cases previously reported in the literature, there were
      seven deaths. In this report, three additional patients with late cardiac
      tamponade successfully treated are presented. Postoperative anticoagulation with
      Coumadin appeared to contribute to this complication. Increased awareness of late
      cardiac tamponade allowing prompt recognition and immediate decompression of the
      pericardial sac should lower the high mortality rate previously associated with
      the condition.

PMID- 1086933
TI  - Freeze-preserved saphenous vein allografts.

PMID- 1086934
TI  - Host factors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in an upper Midwest rural
      community. Design, case selection, and clinical characteristics in a matched-pair
      study.
AB  - A series of 111 index subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
      who had forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) of 70% or less of that
      predicted were matched on the basis of age, sex, occupation, and smoking history
      with control subjects who had an FEV1 of 85% or more of that predicted. Index and
      control subjects with seasonal or reversible airway disease were excluded. Men
      outnumbered women by a ratio of 4.5 to 1. Thirty-five percent of the women and 2%
      of the men were nonsmokers (0 pack-years). There were three PiZ phenotypes in the
      index group (two nonsmokers) and none in the controls. PiMZ phenotypes in the
      index group outnumbered those in the controls by 8 to 5. Host factors that might
      be important in these closely matched pairs were sought by history, physical
      examination, and a large battery of laboratory tests. A standard respiratory
      questionnaire revealed the anticipated significantly higher frequency of cough,
      phlegm, noisy respiration, and all grades of dyspnea in index subjects. Previous
      lower respiratory tract infections also were more frequent in index subjects than
      in controls. There were no detectable differences between groups in the frequency
      of upper airway infections, nasal polyps, sinus surgery, or reported allergy to
      any substance. If the British Medical Research Council's definition of chronic
      bronchitis were applied to our study, about two-thirds of our index subjects and
      almost one-third of our controls would be considered to have chronic bronchitis.
      Pack-years of smoking were not significantly associated with the amount and
      duration of cough and expectoration in male or female index subjects or controls.
      Significant differences between index and control groups on physical examination
      included the audible forced expiratory flow time over the trachea, the estimated
      maximal midexpiratory flow, breath sounds, rales, and total excursion of the
      hemidiaphragms. An endocrine questionnaire and measurement of blood sex hormones
      did not give any clues as to the propensity of males to develop COPD. Women with
      airway obstruction similar to that of men had histories of significantly fewer
      pack-years than did the men, and there was a much larger proportion of women who
      never smoked. Further studies, specifically on genetic and immunologic
      characteristics, are under way to identify potential host factors.

PMID- 1086935
TI  - Incidence of iron deficiency anemia in patients with large diaphragmatic hernia.
      A controlled study.
AB  - The incidence of anemia in 259 patients with a diaphragmatic hernia large enough
      to be seen on a routine chest roentgenogram was compared with that in 259 age-
      and sex-matched controls. Eighteen patients with diaphragmatic hernia were
      anemic, compared to one control subject (P less than 0.001). In thirteen patients
      with diaphragmatic hernia and in one control the anemia was proven to be caused
      by iron deficiency. The findings provide additional evidence that a large
      diaphragmatic hernia can cause anemia secondary to chronic gastrointestinal blood
      loss, which is usually not the result of reflux esophagitis.

PMID- 1086936
TI  - [Round-table discussion on surgical treatment of chronic pain].

PMID- 1086937
TI  - [Discussion comment on "pain elimination by electricity"].

PMID- 1086938
TI  - [The portacaval anastomosis (author's transl)].
AB  - All patients treated in the authors' clinic for portal hypertension from 1958 to
      1975 are reviewed and the problems encountered with portacaval anastomoses are
      explained with special reference to encephalopathy and hepatic failure.
      Intrahepatic block was recorded in 88% of 722 patients. Portacaval anastomoses
      were constructed in 292 cases, splenorenal anastomoses in 175, and mesenterico
      caval anastomoses in 12. Among the patients with stationary  cirrhosis, the 6
      year survival was unrelated to the type of operation performed and amounted to
      approximately 70%, while 6-year survival was only 40% in patients with
      progressive cirrhosis of the liver, whether they received surgical or
      conservative treatment.

PMID- 1086939
TI  - [Subcutaneous transposition of the spleen: an experimental and clinical study
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The growing scepticism about the use of portocaval anastomosis operations to
      prevent renewed bleeding of esophageal varices has led to the testing of new
      methods. This report describes subcutaneous transposition of the resected spleen
      in normal experimental animals with the Vena porta constricted with Ameroid rings
      and liver cirrhosis induced by DMNA. The report also covers 9 patients operated
      on from 1972 to 1973 with subcutaneous transposition of the spleen. A 77-year-old
      woman died postoperatively, one patient died after 2 years 4 months, and one had
      slight bleeding. All the other patients are alive 2-4 years after the operation,
      with no signs of renewed bleeding. The advantage of subcutaneous transposition of
      the spleen is that it eliminates hypersplenism.

PMID- 1086940
TI  - [Round-table discussion: problems of the surgical treatment of intrahepatic
      block].

PMID- 1086941
TI  - [New aspects in the treatment of pneumonitis (author's transl)].
AB  - Two groups of patients suffering from pneumonitis received different treatments
      and were compared retrospectively. The first group (38 patients) was treated with
      heparin and aprotinin. The overall mortality was 50 percent; of the patients who
      were artifically ventilated 64 percent died. The second group (60 patients) was
      treated with heparin, fresh-frozen plasma, nicotinic acid, methylprednisolone,
      and alpha-receptor blocking agents. In this group the overall mortality was 26.5
      percent and the mortality among the patients who were artificially ventilated was
      33 percent. These results lead the authors to feel that the treatment of
      pneumonitis with aprotinin is no longer indicated.

PMID- 1086942
TI  - [Postoperative analgesia with continous epidural analgesia and with dolantin
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Hemodynamic reactions to the discontinuation of epidural analgesia and to the
      injection of Dolantin were studied in 16 patients. One of every three patients
      reacted to the postoperative pain with an increase in mean arterial
      pressure(+30%) and in the mean pressure in the arteria pulmonalis (+40%)
      associated with an increase in stroke volume (+41%) and cardiac output (+49%).
      The administration of Dolantin did not influence either pressure measurement. In
      such cases the administration of antihypertensive drugs (alpha-blocking agents)
      or the reinstitution of epidural analgesia is neccessary.

PMID- 1086943
TI  - [X-ray findings in diverticulitis (author's transl)].
AB  - The frequency of congenital and acquired diverticula is discussed with reference
      to geographical aspects, their location and the function of the colon in
      diverticular disease. The X-ray findings in the presence of complications are
      demonstrated. Radiological differential diagnosis is discussed with special
      reference to cinematographic analysis of function. The possiblity of the
      simultaneous appearance of polyposis and carcinoma in diverticular diseases is
      indicated. A sensitive radiologic diagnostic procedure is important for planning
      of the optimal treatment.

PMID- 1086944
TI  - [Neurophysiological basis of pain and pain therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - Painful stimuli are encoded by specialized nociceptors. In the spinal cord the
      afferent nerves transmit them at the synapse to dorsal horn neurons, which are
      considered here as models for neuronal mechanisms in nociception. In particular,
      inhibitory effects of spinal and of supraspinal origin are shown to modulate the
      nociceptive messages ascending to the brain. These inhibitions are activated by
      various methods of electrostimulation (of the peripheral nerves, dorsal columns,
      electroacupuncture) that are used clinically for the management of pain.

PMID- 1086945
TI  - [Methods of pain modulation by electrical stimulation (author's transl)].
AB  - Different methods of modulating pain by electrical stimulation are described: (1)
      Nondestructive transcutaneous nerve stimulation is recommended for neurogenic
      pain syndromes prior to other procedures (success rate about 30%); (2) The
      implantation of electrodes on the dorsal columns yields good effects in 65% after
      careful selection; (3) First results with implantations in deep brain structures
      are discussed.

PMID- 1086946
TI  - Neuro-otologic manifestations of sarcoidosis.
AB  - Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic disease which presents in anatomic areas of concern
      to otorhinolaryngologists. It can cause dysfunction of both auditory and
      vestibular systems. In patients known previously to have sarcoidosis, this
      disease should be seriously considered. In patients presenting with otologic
      disorders and associated facial nerve paralysis or other neuropathies, uveitis,
      granulomatous meningitis or diabetes insipidus, sarcoidosis should be suspected.
      An examination of the eyes as well as a chest X-ray is imperative. Sudden and
      fluctuating neurosensory hearing loss has been reported. There is a great need
      for the study of temporal bones from sarcoidosis patients.

PMID- 1086947
TI  - [Clinical, hemodynamic, and electrocardiographic effects of bypass surgery in
      coronary disease].

PMID- 1086948
TI  - The Australian general practice morbidity and prescribing survey, 1969 to 1974.
      5. Aspects of morbidity: diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

PMID- 1086949
TI  - The Australian general practice morbidity and prescribing survey, 1969 to 1974.
      6. Prescribing: anti-inflammatory drugs.

PMID- 1086950
TI  - A problem-orientated outpatient record.
AB  - A problem-orientated record for use in outpatient clinics has been in operation
      over a period of 2 1/2 years. Its special features include: (i) preprinted
      stationery bound in appropriate sequence in the conventional hospital record;
      (ii) clear presentation of an up-to-date list of each patient's past and present
      diagnoses; (iii) problem-orientated progress notes. This study considers the
      definition of an illness problem, recording of progress information, adjustments
      to a problem list in the outpatient setting and recording of minor "noise"
      problems. Experience with the system consisted of 5,000 patient attendances. A
      sampling of these indicated that there were 3-1 +/- SD 1-5 concurrently treated
      problems per patient, and there were 9-3 +/- SD 6-6 clinic visits per patient.
      The system was subjectively assessed by 18 doctors, using a semantic differential
      technique, with a high frequency of "yes" responses to "saves time", "benefits
      the patient" and "benefits the doctor". This and similar systems may help to
      resolve the present paradox of the clinical chart becoming decreasingly useful
      with increasing complexity of illness.

PMID- 1086951
TI  - Coronary artery surgery, 1976.

PMID- 1086952
TI  - The influence of surgery on survival of patients with angina.
AB  - Myocardial revascularization surgery has proved most effective in relieving
      angina pectoris. Its influence on the survival of patients with coronary
      atherosclerosis, however, remains a contentious subject and one which may not be
      finally settled for years. The follow-up results of the first 196 patients to
      undergo direct coronary artery surgery at the Prince Henry Hospital support those
      who claim increased longevity as one of its benefits.

PMID- 1086953
TI  - Acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage with negative barium-meal x-ray
      findings: follow-up investigation.
AB  - One-hundred and one patients admitted to hospital with acute upper
      gastrointestinal haemorrhage whose initial barium-meal X-ray examination revealed
      no abnormality have been followed up 5 to 14 years later. Forty-five were symptom
      free, and 8 had dyspepsia, but the barium-meal X-ray findings were still normal.
      Disease of the lower oesophagus, the stomach or the duodenum was found in 20, 16
      of whom had a chronic peptic ulcer and two had gastric carcinoma. There was a
      poor prognosis for those gastric-ulcer patients whose diagnosis had been missed
      initially.

PMID- 1086954
TI  - Meningitis and ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1086955
TI  - Fatal iron poisoning in a pregnant female.

PMID- 1086956
TI  - Manager stress in a hospital environment: a case study.

PMID- 1086957
TI  - Time management in a hospital environment: a case study.

PMID- 1086958
TI  - The effects of immunoglobulins and nonenzymatic proteins of leucocyte migration.

PMID- 1086959
TI  - Gastrocolic fistula complicating transmural colitis: report of a case and review
      of the literature.

PMID- 1086960
TI  - Benign mesenchymoma of the breast.

PMID- 1086961
TI  - Subacute and chronic tissue reaction to metallic mercury: two cases and a review
      of the literature.

PMID- 1086962
TI  - Effects of lead on the female and reproduction: a review.

PMID- 1086963
TI  - The sebaceous duct adenoma (so-called syringoma).

PMID- 1086964
TI  - Pancreatic pseudocyst: is endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
      contraindicated?

PMID- 1086965
TI  - Transsphenoidal microsurgery for pituitary tumors: experience with 45 cases.

PMID- 1086966
TI  - Myasthenia gravis and psychological illness in an adolescent: a case report.

PMID- 1086967
TI  - Radiologic notes.

PMID- 1086968
TI  - The return of the displaced kidney: a diagnostic dilemma during therapy of a
      retroperitoneal sarcoma.

PMID- 1086969
TI  - Peptic ulcer disease and gastric hypersecretion following portacaval shunt.

PMID- 1086970
TI  - Ileorectal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 1086971
TI  - Surgical implication of Schistosoma mansoni infestation.

PMID- 1086972
TI  - Indication for surgical intervention in children with ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 1086973
TI  - 'Clean-up' operations in the theatre.

PMID- 1086974
TI  - How well do you know your patient, Nurse?

PMID- 1086976
TI  - Research and nursing.

PMID- 1086975
TI  - Nurses and technicians training--fiberoptic endoscopes.

PMID- 1086977
TI  - Appendicectomy.

PMID- 1086978
TI  - Post-basic courses; methods of assessment.

PMID- 1086979
TI  - A Scottish viewpoint on training of operating department assistants.

PMID- 1086980
TI  - The state enrolled nurse in theatre--past, present and future.

PMID- 1086981
TI  - And then there were none.

PMID- 1086982
TI  - Whyever did you embark on your Diploma?

PMID- 1086983
TI  - Bilateral senile cataracts.

PMID- 1086984
TI  - A fresh look at antiseptics in hospital.

PMID- 1086985
TI  - Direct estimation of frequency of cytotoxic T lymphocytes by a modified plaque
      assay.

PMID- 1086986
TI  - Photoreceptor membrane carbohydrate on the intradiscal surface of retinal rod
      disks.

PMID- 1086987
TI  - Contribution of vasopressor and plasma kininogen changes towards acute adrenaline
      pulmonary edema in the rat.
AB  - Acute pulmonary edema, evidenced by increased lung/body weight ratios, was evoked
      in rats within 5 min following the intravenous injection of 16-40 mug/kg of
      adrenaline. This change was accompanied by a decrease of 40% of circulatory
      kininogen not due to generalized plasma protein loss. Rats treated 10-20 min
      prior to adrenaline with 10 mg/kg of acetylsalicylate (Aspirin), 1000 KIU/kg of
      Kunitz anti-protease (Trasylol), or 10 mg/kg of soybean trysin inhibitor (SBTI),
      failed to exhibit pulmonary edema or decreased plasma kininogen levels, but were
      as sensitive as untreated animals to the arterial hypertensive effect of
      adrenaline. 4.8 mug/kg of carbamylcholine administered together with 40 mug/kg of
      adrenaline, prevented pulmonary edema. Carbamylcholine did not reduce plasma
      kininogen consumption by adrenaline, but effectively decreased the raised
      systolic arterial blood pressure, the increased systolic-diastolic pressure
      interval as well as the reflex slowing of the heart presented by adrenaline
      treated rats. It seems that in the adrenaline-treated rat, pulmonary edema
      results from the joined action of vasopressor effects leading to hydrostatically
      forced outflow of vascular fluid, and of kinin release leading to increased
      peripheral vascular permeability.

PMID- 1086988
TI  - L-5-hydroxytryptophan in treatment of several different syndromes in which
      myoclonus is prominent.
AB  - The serotonin precursor L-5-hydroxytryptophan is useful therapy for patients with
      posthypoxic intention myoclonus. L-5-hydroxytryptophan plus carbidopa was
      administered to eight patients with this disorder or other syndromes in which
      myoclonus is prominent. This treatment (1) decreased the frequency of occurrence
      and amplitude of intention myoclonus in two patients with posthypoxic intention
      myoclonus and in one with idiopathic myoclonus, (2) had no effect in one patient
      with congenital encephalopathy and myoclonus, and (3) increased the frequency of
      occurrence and amplitude of myoclonus in two patients with lipid storage disease,
      one with myoclonic epilepsy, and in an additional patient with idiopathic
      myoclonus. Therefore, L-5-hydroxytryptophan does not effect improvement in all
      forms of myoclonus; it should be given with caution because it produces a high
      incidence of side effects. A patient's response to L-5-hydroxytryptophan therapy
      may be important in a diagnostic classification of myoclonic syndromes based on
      differences in indoleamine neurotransmitter function.

PMID- 1086989
TI  - [Alpha 1-antitrypsin in the blood and pleural effusion fluid].
AB  - Alpha-1 antitrypsin levels were determined in 27 pleural effusion liquids
      classified as transudates and exudates in accordance with the clinical and
      laboratory data, and in their respective blood samples. Absolute values proved
      insufficient to distinguish transudates from exudates, though they were capable
      of signifying and replacing the relative protein value. The relation between
      liquid: serum alpha-1 AT ratio and the liquid: serum proteins ratio was direct
      and highly significant. Along with the liquid: serum LAD and liquid: serum
      proteins ratios, the liquid: serum alpha-1 AT ratio enables transudates and
      exudates to be differentiated with certainty.

PMID- 1086990
TI  - [Endoscopic study on the gastric tolerance of antalgic-antirheumatic
      substances:parsalmide].
AB  - The gastric tolerance of parsalmide, a new analgesic, antirheumatic and sedative
      substance was tested on a group of 50 arthrorheumatic patients with the purpose
      of assessing gastric damage if any. It was also compared with the tolerance of
      the better known antitrheumatic drugs in current use. The study was conducted
      with the endoscopic method, parsalmide being administered in quantities of 600
      mg/die per os, broken up into 3 doses, for a period of 20 days. Unlike
      phenylbutazone, indomethacin and cortisone, parsalmide showed no ulcerogenous
      effect nor haemorrhage type alterations at gastroduodenal level, at least in the
      cases treated. Furthermore, the slight surface oedematous gastropathies that
      appeared during the research were not important enough to demand suspension of
      the treatment. Endoscopically this picture can be judged of little clinical
      importance (as with the majority of well known analgesic-antirheumatic drugs) and
      its incidence came within the mean. A fair tranquillizing action, detectable in
      the particularly amenable behaviour of the subjects undergoing endoscopy, is also
      worth reporting.

PMID- 1086991
TI  - Levarterenol for gastrointestinal and intraoperative bleeding.

PMID- 1086992
TI  - Acute renal failure of obstetric origin.
AB  - Acute renal failure of obstetric origin is common among North Indian patients and
      comprised 72 (22.1%) of 325 patients undergoing dialysis over an 11-year period.
      Of these, 46 gravidas had developed renal failure following abortion, and 29
      cases were due to complications of late pregnancy. The most striking feature of
      this study was a high incidence of irreversible renal lesions of bilateral
      diffuse cortical necrosis in early (18.6%) as well as late pregnancy (37.8%).
      Overall incidence of diffuse cortical necrosis was 25%. In the remainder, acute
      tubular necrosis was seen in 52 (72.2%), patchy cortical necrosis in 1 (1.4%),
      and tubular necrosis along with glomerular involvement in 1 patient (1.4%).
      Pathogenetic factors which contributed to the development of renal failure,
      either singly or in combination, were loss of blood failure, either singly or in
      combination, were loss of blood (79.1%), septicemia (31.9%), hypotension due th
      hemorrhagic and septicemic shock (51.4%), eclamptic toxemia (11.1%), and
      disseminated intravascular coagulation in 12.5% patients. Infrequent occurrence
      of disseminated intravascular coagulation in the septic anc eclamptic patients
      who developed diffuse cortical necrosis was an interesting finding, as was the
      fact that coagulopathy was more frequently observed in acute tubular necrosis.
      Late referral, frequent sepsis, and high incidence of bilateral diffuse cortical
      necrosis contributed significantly to a high mortality (55.3%).

PMID- 1086993
TI  - Colour blindness.

PMID- 1086994
TI  - [Principles of current surgical treatment of osteo-articular tuberculsosis in
      children].

PMID- 1086995
TI  - [Early results of the surgical treatment of ischemic heart disease. I. Coronary
      occlusion].

PMID- 1086996
TI  - [Control of myocardial contractility via action on intracellular energy
      transport].

PMID- 1086997
TI  - [Parabiotic intoxication (a review)].

PMID- 1086998
TI  - Bacterial infections and venereal diseases.

PMID- 1086999
TI  - [Function of thymus-dependent lymphocytes in normal pregnancy].

PMID- 1087000
TI  - [Age and the activity of thymus-dependent peripheral blood lymphocytes in
      children].

PMID- 1087001
TI  - Quantitation of circulating T and B lymphocytes in children with whooping cough.
AB  - The numbers of circulating T and B lymphocytes in seven children with whooping
      cough due to Bordetella pertussis and eight control subjects were determined. All
      the children with whooping cough had an absolute lymphocytosis (mean
      29,142/mm3vs. 5,225/mm3) and by surface marker criteria both T cells and B cells
      were increased (mean T cells, whooping cough 15,794/mm3 vs. 3,516/mm3 controls;
      mean B cells, 13,393/mm3 whooping cough vs. 1,706/mm3 controls). However, the
      ratios of T cells to B cells in the whooping cough (1.4) and control group (1.9)
      did not differ significantly. This proportional increase in both T and B
      lymphocytes indicates that whatever mechanism are responsible for lymphocytosis
      in B. pertussis infection affect both populations in a similar manner.

PMID- 1087002
TI  - Hemophilus influenzae type b sepsis in infant and mother.

PMID- 1087003
TI  - Responses to tilting of fibers of the frog's saccular nerve.
AB  - The activity of single fibers from the saccular nerve has been recorded in
      isolated head preparations in the frog (Rana esculenta). Nearly all the fibers
      present an activation or a depression of their activity during the tilting
      movement in a given direction. This is considered to correspond to the existence
      of two anatomical populations of haircells in the saccular macula which differ in
      their functional polarization. The activity of only some units (about 40%)
      remained increased or decreased when the head was in a tilted position for 4-5
      min. This shows that the sacculus is sensitive to the direction of gravity.

PMID- 1087004
TI  - The theoretical small signal impedance of the frog node, Rana pipiens.
AB  - The small signal impedance of the frog node is calculated for frequencies from 1
      Hz to 10,000 Hz and transmembrane potentials from -80 mV to -30 mV, by
      linearizing the voltage clamp equations of Dodge [7] and Hille [8]. The modulus
      of the impedance is presented for the total system, and separately for the
      potassium and sodium systems as a function of frequency and voltage. There is a
      broad resonance in the total impedance with a voltage-dependent peak frequency.
      At 22 degrees C, in the range -75 mV to -45 mV, the peak frequencies occur
      between 50 and 500 Hz. Removing the potassium system leaves a relatively sharp
      resonance centered around 200 Hz at -45 mV.

PMID- 1087005
TI  - [Pneumocyctic carinii pneumonia. Diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1087006
TI  - [Tentative embolization of hepatico-portal fistulas with portal hypertension].

PMID- 1087007
TI  - [Radioimmunoassay of antihemophilic factor A].
AB  - A radioimmunological method for the estimation of anti-haemophilic factor A was
      perfected and studied, making it possible to measure factor VII antigen as
      distinct from procoagulant factor VIII activity. The method uses a rabbit anti
      factor VIII antibody, purified and labelled with I125. The technique of
      estimation is based upon the differential precipitability of specific factor VIII
      antigen-antibody complexes, which precipitate with 25 per cent saturated ammonium
      sulphate and of free antibody which does not precipitate under these conditions.
      The method is reproducible and sensitive, with the possibility of measuring 0.3
      per cent of factor VIII antigen, i.e. 0.003 units/ml. Its specificity is
      confirmed by the absence of factor VIII antigen in a patient suffering from a
      severe form of von Willebrand's disease. Using this technique, normal subjects
      were found to have 96 +/- 31 per cent of factor VIII antigen in comparison with a
      pool of 25 normal plasmas. Haemophiliacs tested had, as would have been expected,
      antigen levels close to normal.

PMID- 1087008
TI  - A patient-centered group practice.

PMID- 1087009
TI  - Acute rheumatism and its consequences.

PMID- 1087010
TI  - [Hemorrhagic pancreatic cyst caused by pancreatic hemangioendothelioma
      complicated by digestive tract hemorrhage].

PMID- 1087011
TI  - [Therapeutic effectiveness of metronidazole, Fasygin and Pimafucin in
      trichomoniasis. A comparative study].

PMID- 1087012
TI  - Complications of colonic diverticulitis.
AB  - About half of the patients in whom diverticulitis develops have subsequent
      attacks. Recurrence increases the likelihood both of complications, such as
      perforation, abscess, fistula, obstruction, and hemorrhage, and of the necessity
      for surgical intervention. For these reasons, patients who have had two or more
      attacks of acute diverticulitis should be considered candidates for prophylactic
      resection.

PMID- 1087013
TI  - Surgical management of colonic diverticulitis and complicated diverticulosis.
AB  - The aim of surgery in the management of diverticulitis and complicated
      diverticulosis is to remove the disease process as quickly as possible. This
      approach reduces the likelihood of complications and often avoids the necessity
      of multistage procedures. Indications for resection include failure of a first
      attack to subside, recurrent attacks, and free perforation with spreading
      peritonitis. Three-stage procedures should be reserved for extremely serious
      disease. Other complications requiring surgery are fistula, obstruction, and
      massive and uncontrolled bleeding. Massive bleeding is caused by diffuse colonic
      diverticulosis and is rarely associated with diverticulitis. Abdominal mass,
      obstruction, or recurrent episodes of slight bleeding should suggest the
      possibility of underlying tumor and are compelling indications for early
      resection.

PMID- 1087014
TI  - Rheumatic diseases. 2. Therapeutic considerations.
AB  - In the management of rheumatic diseases, the use of corticosteroids should be
      reserved for active arthritis. Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin) is probably the drug
      of choice for acute gout and is also effective in ankylosing spondylitis,
      Reiter's syndrome, and psoriatic arthritis. Indomethacin (Indocin) also is useful
      in these conditions. Ibuprofen (Motrin) is only slightly more efficacious than
      aspirin. Aspirin is still the preferred treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and
      should be tried before ibuprofen. Osteoarthritis of the cervical or lumbar spine
      calls for a full program of physical therapy. Experimental procedures for total
      replacement of joints other than hip and knee show promise.

PMID- 1087015
TI  - Radiology of colonic diverticular disease.
AB  - Nonsurgical diagnosis of colonic diverticulosis and most complications of
      diverticular disease is best established by barium enema study. Multiple
      diverticula can produce narrowing and shortening of the colon that is unrelated
      to any complication occurring in the diverticula. The diagnosis of diverticulitis
      is made radiologically be demonstrating the effects on the lumen of the bowel of
      the pathologic changes visible on gross inspection, eg, local abscess, intramural
      dissection, fistula, obstruction. Frequently the radiologic findings are subtle.

PMID- 1087016
TI  - The use of antithymocyte globulin in myasthenia gravis.
AB  - Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) has been used to treat three female patients with
      myastenia gravis. No other immunosuppressive agent was used. All three cases
      responded favourably to ATG therapy. This suggest that further work should be
      undertaken in this field though the condition itself is extremely variable and
      this study was not controlled.

PMID- 1087017
TI  - Antithymocyte antiserum therapy in myasthenia gravis.
AB  - The therapeutic effect of goat anti-human thymocyte antiserum globulin (ATG) was
      assessed in 10 patients with myasthenia gravis. Prolonged, low dose therapy was
      used with 1-0--1-6 grams protein administered intramuscularly over a 28-73 day
      period. Varying degrees of therapeutic response were noted in 8 patients. Fllow
      up examinations for over 5 years have been maintained and relapse rates
      determined. The clinical criteria for aptients selection and characteristics of
      therapeutic response are presented.

PMID- 1087018
TI  - Human anti-T-cell cytotoxic sera as an approach to dissection of immunological
      systems.
AB  - The initial work on the analysis and differentiation of human lymphoid cells is
      described. Cells from various lymphoid organs and blood were used as the antigen
      to prepare various antisera. These antisera were then used to define the
      lymphocyte populations of patients with primary and secondary immunodefiency.
      They are also being used to begin the analysis of the differentiation of the T
      lymphocyte.

PMID- 1087019
TI  - Antilymphocyte antibodies:an approach to dissecting the heterogeneity of the
      immune system.
AB  - Antilymphocyte antibodies can be used to dissect the lymphocyte populations and
      subpopulations. In the mouse, at least seven gene loci govern the expression of
      allo-, hetero-and autoantigens at the surface of T-lymphocytes. The antisera,
      especially the alloantisera, permit definition of the differentiative state of
      cells and discriminate between subsets of T-cells with different functions. Less
      is known about human T-lymphocyte differentiation antigens and their genetic
      determinism. However, heterologous antisera specific for human T-cells have been
      prepared and their use has been of help in studying this cell population. The
      antigens recognized by such antisera are present at a higher concentration on
      thymocytes than on peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. They appear at the surface of
      bone marrow T-cell precursors after a short incubation with thymic factors. Such
      markers of T-lymphocytes in various stages of differentiation and the study of in
      vitro differentiation from precursor cells have already proven to be valuable
      tools for clinical investigation, especially in the realm of immunodeficiency
      diseases.

PMID- 1087020
TI  - [Intensive care in aged patients].

PMID- 1087021
TI  - [Treatment of bronchial tuberculosis with medicinal aerosols and direct current].

PMID- 1087022
TI  - [Electrotreatment of concomitant diseases and complications of the specific
      process in tuberculosis patients].

PMID- 1087023
TI  - Sea anemone toxin:a tool to study molecular mechanisms of nerve conduction and
      excitation-secretion coupling.
AB  - The effects of polypeptide neurotoxin from Anemonia sulcata on nerve conduction
      in crayfish giant axons and on frog myelinated fibers have been analyzed. The
      main features of toxin action are the following: (i) the toxin acts at very low
      doses and its action is apparently irreversible. (ii) The toxin selectively
      affects the closing (inactivation) of the Na+ channel by slowing it down
      considerably; it does not alter the opening mechanism of the Na+ channel or the
      steady-state potassium conductance. (iii) The tetrodotoxin-receptor association
      is unaffected by previous treatment of the axonal membrane with the sea anemone
      toxin. (iv) Conversely, the sea anemone toxin can only associate with the
      membrane when the Na+ channel is open for Na+; it does not bind when the channel
      is previously blocked by tetrodotoxin. (v) Besides its effect on the action
      potential, the sea anemone toxin displays a veratridine-type depolarizing action
      at low Ca2+ concentration which can be suppressed by tetrodotoxin. The sea
      anemone toxin greatly stimulates the release of gamma-[3H]aminobutyric acid from
      neurotransmitter-loaded rat brain synaptosomes. The apparent dissociation
      constant of the neurotoxin-receptor complex in this system is 20 nM. The sea
      anemone toxin effect is antagonized by tetrodotoxin.

PMID- 1087024
TI  - Role of antigenic structure in cell to cell cooperation.
AB  - Two synthetic polypeptides which differ only in the order of amino acids in their
      NH2-terminal side chains, namely, (Tyr-Tyr-Glu-Glu)-poly(DLAla)- -poly(LLys) and
      (Tyr-Glu-Try-Glu)-poly(DLAla)- -poly(LLys), were found to be under different
      genetic control. By three different in vivo systems for thymus-derived cell
      depletion, it was demonstrated that (Tyr-Tyr-Glu-Glu)-poly(DLAla)- -poly(LLys),
      which represents the random poly(Tyr,Glu)-poly(DLAla)- -poly(Lys) in the pattern
      of immune responses and in the quality of antibodies they elicit, is thymus
      dependent whereas (Tyr-Glu-Tyr-Glu)-poly(DLAla)-poly(LLys) does not require
      thymus-derived cell help for efficient antibody production. Therefore, the two
      ordered polypeptides which are similar chemically differ in parameters, not yet
      determined, which affect their capability to trigger bone marrow-derived cells.

PMID- 1087025
TI  - Immunologic suppression of DNA synthesis in MOPC 104E plasmacytoma cells.

PMID- 1087026
TI  - Enumeration of specific antibody-forming cells of the mouse spleen after
      stimulation with protein antigens.

PMID- 1087027
TI  - The search for submammalian gastrins: the identification of amphibian gastrin.

PMID- 1087028
TI  - Effect of serotoninergic drugs on positive and negative reinforcing systems in
      cats.
AB  - Administration of tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan produced inhibition of self
      stimulation through hypothalamic electrodes which was accompanied by drowsiness
      and decrease of motor activity. In cats pretreated with Ro 4-4602, an inhibitor
      of peripheral decarboxylase, both drugs did not produce drowsiness and markedly
      activated self-stimulation. Both drugs prolonged the latency of the escape
      reaction and inhibited the punishment reaction. The data suggest an activating
      effect of serotonin on the system of reward and an inhibitory effect on the
      system of punishment.

PMID- 1087029
TI  - Kasabach-kasabach-.
AB  - Giant haemangiomas combined with a haemostasis disorder of the Kasabach-Meritt
      type are rare and even more rare are the problems posed during labour when vulvo
      vagino-uterine sites are involved. Two cases are reported. After summary of the
      clinical and biochemical studies, the authors report attempts to improve the
      haemostasis disorder, first with heparin and then with antifibrinolytic
      preparations, and to improve the angiomas with antifibrinolytic preparations in
      the hope of stimulating intrasacular thrombosis. In particular, the obstetric and
      surgical problems are discussed in the context of labour. In one case the outcome
      of labour was successful only moderate transfusion being required, and in the
      other the outcome was fatal despite the use of about 100 bottles of blood in the
      first 24 hours. In both cases the infants were normal.

PMID- 1087030
TI  - Effects of imipramine, d-amphetamine, and tripelennamine on mouse and frog
      killing by the rat.

PMID- 1087031
TI  - Shock avoidance conditioning and 3H-leucine uptake in a simple vertebrate system.

PMID- 1087032
TI  - Affective behavior changes in cats following operant conditioning of amygdaloid
      EEG activity.

PMID- 1087033
TI  - Effects of interruption of limbic system pathways on different measures of
      activity.

PMID- 1087034
TI  - Meeting report: Biochemical aspects of schizophrenia. Alabama, April 1975.

PMID- 1087035
TI  - Selective arterial embolization in duodenal bleeding.
AB  - Severe, unremitting bleeding of the upper gastrointestinal tract could be
      controlled by Gelfoam embolization of the posterior pancreaticoduodenal artery.
      The technique and indications of the method are presented.

PMID- 1087036
TI  - Effect of apomorphine plus 5-hydroxytryptophan on plasma prolactin levels in male
      rats.
AB  - The relative potency of dopaminergic inhibition and serotonergic stimulation of
      prolactin secretion in male rats was compared. 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), 100
      mg/kg, i.p., the precursor of serotonin, produced a 6-11 fold increase in plasma
      prolactin. Apomorphine, a dopamine agonist, at doses of 1-10 mg/kg, i.p., had no
      significant effect on plasma prolactin. However, when apomorphine was given with
      or before 5-HTP, it nearly completely blocked the increase in prolactin produced
      by 5-htp. these results indicate that inhibition of prolactin secretion by
      dopaminergic stimulation can overcome the prolactin releasing effect of
      serotonin. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that prolactin
      secretion is ordinarily under a weak serotonergic stimulation and a profound
      dopaminergic inhibition. It is also possible that apomorphine affects plasma
      prolactin levels by increasing prolactin clearance.

PMID- 1087037
TI  - [High digestive hemorrhages: therapeutic problems. Apropos of 220 cases].

PMID- 1087038
TI  - [Acute gastric hemorrhage of non-ulcerous origin (anatomo-clinical correlation)].

PMID- 1087039
TI  - [3 cases of bleeding gastric leiomyoma].

PMID- 1087040
TI  - Cancer active immunotherapy. Immunoprophylaxis and immunorestoration. An
      introduction.

PMID- 1087041
TI  - Positive inotropic action of Solanaceae glycoalkaloids.
AB  - Six glycoalkaloids and one aglycone were tested for cardiotonic activities and
      compared with K-strophanthoside by use of the isolated frog heart. The decreasing
      order of potency was as follows: K-strophanthoside greater than tomatine greater
      than alpha-chaconine=alpha-solanine greater than demissine=commersonine greater
      than beta-chaconine greater than solanidine. Cardiotonic activity was directly
      related to the number of sugars in the molecule in which the glycoalkaloids had a
      common aglycone. On the other hand, glycoalkaloids with dissimilar aglycones, but
      with identical sugars, such as tomatine and demissine, differed significantly
      with respect to cardiotonic potency. Apparently, therefore, the cardiotonic
      activity of glycoalkaloids on the frog heart is determined by the nature of the
      aglycone and the number of sugars and not by the kinds of sugars or their
      stereochemical configuration.

PMID- 1087042
TI  - On the mechanism of activation of the hypothalamo--pituitary--adrenal reaction to
      changes in the environment (the 'alarm reaction').
AB  - The amount of circulating noradrenaline increases considerably in parallel with
      an improvement in cardiovascular haemodynamics in adrenalectomized rabbits after
      intravenously injected hydrocortisone. In view of this finding, that as well as a
      constant regulation with negative retroaction of the corticotrophic-releasing
      factor--adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)--cortisol system, there exists an
      externally controlled servomechanism from nervous system activity related to the
      environment. Hydrocortisone favours passive avoidance, extinction and facilitates
      the activity of the cholinergic inhibiting system; ACTH facilitates active
      avoidance and catecholaminergic activation. It has already been demonstrated that
      stimulation of the inhibiting system or inhibition of the activating system
      released noradrenaline from the peripheral nerves of an adrenalectomized animal.
      It therefore seems that the early release of ACTH after aggression is capable of
      favouring locomotor activity in 'flight or fight'. If the latter is effective,
      there is a return to the previous behavioural and endocrine balance. On the other
      hand, if 'flight or fight' should be ineffective, there arises a vicious circle
      with positive retroaction, because secondary secretion of glucocorticoids will
      maintain inhibition and considerable activity in the noradrenergic system. The
      significance of the alarm reaction and the secondary release of the
      mineralocorticoids are discussed as well as the central mechanism of allegedly
      psychosomatic, illness. Aggression, as well as the lesion it induces, causes a
      reaction from the organism subjected to aggression. This is a non-specific
      reaction to which Selye (1936) has drawn attention. This reaction sets the
      central nervous system in action, which activates the vegetative nervous system
      and the endocrine system through the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. In the
      vegetative system and the vasomotor changes related to it, the alarm syndrome has
      to be understood as a way to induce flight or fight, which allows the organism to
      move away from the aggressor. When this behaviour is impossible or ineffective
      the vasomotor reaction is threatened and it is depressed or inhibited (Laborit,
      1952). Resuscitation techniques involving central or peripheral inhibitors, such
      as lytic cocktails, neuroplegy or neuroleptanalgesia, derive from this concept.
      The neuro--endocrine significance of the alarm reaction is still not understood
      and resuscitation techniques are quite empirical in relation to it.

PMID- 1087043
TI  - [Treatment of digestive hemorrhage in alcoholic cirrhosis].

PMID- 1087044
TI  - Abnormal lymphocyte populations in pure red cell aplasia.
AB  - Studies of blood lymphocytes from 4 patients with pure red cell aplasia were
      performed with lymphocyte surface markers, and with various in vitro tests for
      lymphocyte functions. Pathologically low B-lymphocyte values were found. In
      contrast, no marked deviation from normals were seen for T-lymphocytes and Fc
      receptor-bearing lymphocytes thought largely to represent non-B, non-T
      lymphocytes. In 3 patients normal lymphocyte transformation was found with
      unspecific and specific mitogens, while the DNA-synthesis induced by unspecific
      mitogens was subnormal in the fourth patients. The lymphocyte-mediated PHA
      induced cytotoxicity against target cells in vitro was subnormal in 2 patients,
      while no depression was seen in antibody-dependent cytotoxicity mediated in vitro
      by lymphocytes (K-cells). It is concluded that considerable immunological
      abnormalities are associated with pure red cell aplasia, and the possible
      significance of this is discussed.

PMID- 1087045
TI  - Effects of anticonvulsant drugs on the synthesis of DNA and protein by human bone
      marrow cells in vitro.
AB  - Suspensions of human bone marrow cells were incubated with various concentrations
      of phenobarbitone or phenytoin sodium for 2 h, and the effects of this incubation
      on the subsequent incorporation of 3H-thymidine and3H-leucine into DNA and
      protein, respectively, were studied. Both drugs caused a depression of 3H
      thymidine incorporation and this phenomenon was not prevented by the addition of
      100 mug of pteroyl-glutamic acid, folinic acid or 5-methyltetrahydrofolate per ml
      of marrow culture. The lowest concentration of drug which caused a statistically
      significant depression of 3H-thymidine incorporation was 200 mug per ml for
      phenobarbitone and 50 mug per ml for phenytoin sodium. Both phenobarbitone and
      phenytoin sodium also caused an increase in the incorporation of 3H-leucine at
      concentrations of 50 and 20 mug per ml, respectively, suggesting the possibility
      that a stimulation of protein synthesis within erythropoietic cells may play an
      important role in the development of anticonvulsant-induced macrocytosis.

PMID- 1087046
TI  - [Electro-systolic treatment and drug therapy of chronic bradycardia].

PMID- 1087047
TI  - [The morphological and functional integrity of cryo-preserved leukocytes].
AB  - Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were frozen by a simplified method which is
      described. Light and electron microscopic investigations of the frozen-thawed
      cells showed no significant morphological changes compared to the fresh cells;
      comparison of E-rosette formation and nonspecific acid esterase activity before
      and after cryoconservation afford evidence of a possible slight change in the
      percent relationship of T- and B-cells, whereas thymidine uptake values within
      normal range after stimulation with PHA and homologous cells demonstrate the
      functional integrity of the lymphocytes.

PMID- 1087048
TI  - [Combined endoscopic examinations in gastroduodenal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1087049
TI  - Colonoscopy in rectal bleeding.

PMID- 1087050
TI  - Combined aortoiliac and femoropopliteal occlusive disease.
AB  - In a series of 140 patients operated upon for aortoiliac occlusive disease over
      11 1/2 years, 81 had concomitant occlusion of the superficial femoral artery.
      These 81 patients with combined segment disease were studied with particular
      emphasis on the relief of presenting symptoms by an aortic bypass procedure
      alone. Fifty-three patients underwent only aortic bypass and could be fully
      evaluated postoperatively. Ninety-six per cent presenting with rest pain or
      ischemic changes obtained complete relief of these sympotms. All 53 patients
      presented with claudication, and 88.7 per cent either had complete relief or
      improved to the point that no further theapy was needed. The results of this
      study confirm the efficacy of restoration of proximal flow to the profunda
      femoris arteries as the primary therapeutic goal in patients with combined
      segment disease.

PMID- 1087051
TI  - Left main stem coronary artery disease. Retrospective review of 26 patients
      treated surgically or medically.
AB  - The clinical, angiographic, exercise testing, operative, and follow-up data of 26
      patients found at angiography to have left main stem coronary artery stenosis,
      defined as a reduction in the lumen diameter of 50% or more, are reviewed. There
      was a high incidence of significant proximal stenosis in the branches of the left
      main stem. No clinical features were found to distinguish patients with left main
      stem stenosis. All patients were considered for saphenous vein bypass grafting,
      selection being based upon the severity of symptoms, left ventricular function,
      and suitability of the coronary vessels for grafting. Two patients died within 24
      hours of coronary angiography. Nine patients were operated on with no mortality.
      There has been one late cardiac death during a mean follow-up time of 13 months.
      All patients were symptomatically improved with a significant (P less than 0-01)
      increase in exercise ability postoperatively. Fifteen patients were not operated
      on. Six of these patients were regarded as operable but surgery was deferred;
      five have died at a mean time of 7-2 months. Five of the nine patients regarded
      as inoperable have died at a mean follow-up time of 14-8 months. The five non
      surgical survivors remain symptomatic with no significant change in exercise
      ability. Recently reported surgical and medical series of patients with left main
      stem stenosis are reviewed.

PMID- 1087052
TI  - [Side effects of phenylpropionates].

PMID- 1087053
TI  - [Side effects of immunosuppressants used in rheumatology].

PMID- 1087054
TI  - Inactivation and binding of human plasma kallikrein by antithrombin III and
      heparin.

PMID- 1087055
TI  - On the characterization of acquired inhibitors to ristocetin induced platelet
      aggregation found in patients with von Willebrand's disease.

PMID- 1087056
TI  - [Cellular immunity in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1087057
TI  - [Incidence and specificity of antinuclear antibodies in various collagen diseases
      in children].

PMID- 1087058
TI  - [Rheumatoid polyarthritis: increase of M cells in blood mononuclear
      subpopulations].

PMID- 1087059
TI  - [Acupuncture in rheumatology].

PMID- 1087060
TI  - [Vestibular function in children who have had meningococcal infection in
      generalized form].

PMID- 1087061
TI  - [Hemorrhage in erosive gastritis].
AB  - The authors have examined 381 patients admitted with acute hemorrhage from the
      upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract. In 58 patients erosive gastritis was
      found by means of urgent gastroduodenoscopy. The clinical picture of this severe
      affection, the possibilities of diagnosis and the policy of treatment are
      described. Electron-microscopic studies of the gastric mucosa in erosive
      gastritis have evidenced different genesis of the erosions.

PMID- 1087063
TI  - A problem-oriented approach to laboratory diagnosis.

PMID- 1087062
TI  - [Diverticulosis of the large intestine].
AB  - Under observation were 47 patients with colonic diverticula. The clinical
      classification of diverticulosis of the colon is suggested. The principal method
      of treatment in patients with uncomplicated forms of the diverticulosis should be
      conservative. In profuse hemorrhage and intestinal obstruction as well as in
      perforation of the diverticulum, that would not respond to conservative therapy,
      surgery is indicated.

PMID- 1087064
TI  - [Pneumocystosis of the lungs in adults].

PMID- 1087065
TI  - Hospital discharges and length of stay: short-stay hospitals. United States-1972.

PMID- 1087066
TI  - Inpatient utilization of short-stay hospitals by diagnosis, United States-1973.

PMID- 1087067
TI  - [Possibility of utilizing cephalography for the purposes of aviation medical
      expertise].

PMID- 1087068
TI  - [Iodine metabolism in pregnant women with rheumatism].

PMID- 1087069
TI  - [Atypical motphology of the esophagus in a patient with hiatal hernia].

PMID- 1087070
TI  - [Case of malignant histiocytic reticulosis].

PMID- 1087071
TI  - [Maternal mortality in Austria from a clinical point of view].
AB  - The maternal mortality rate of 22.4 per 100,000 live births in 1973 is the lowest
      recorded in Austria. The figures for Austria are compared with the data from
      other European countries with similar health systems. Austria reflects the
      overall trend of a decreasing maternal mortality rate. 10 cases of maternal death
      recorded per 16,447 live births in the 2nd Department of Obstetrics, University
      of Vienna are presented and discussed with respect to the clinical diagnosis and
      compared with the main causes of maternal death in the national and international
      literature. As in other countries, haemorrhage in 3 out of the 10 cases ranks
      first, whilst in Austria generally, toxaemia has been the most common cause of
      death in recent years. The main cause of the bleeding is undetected rupture of
      the uterus, which is frequently concealed behind the clinical diagnosis of
      circulatory failure with cardiac arrest. 2/3 of the observed cases in the present
      series are considered to have been avoidable. It is recommended that in future
      every single reported case of maternal death in Austria is analyzed and the cause
      of death and the degree of avoidability discussed as is done in England.

PMID- 1087072
TI  - [Fetal haemoglobin levels in acquired and congenital haematological diseases and
      malignant tumours in adults (author's transl)].
AB  - Hb F values were estimated in 336 adults on 525 occasions. A variable elevation
      appeared not only in patients with a variety of haematological diseases, but also
      in conjunction with malignant neoplasms, liver disease etc. The highest values
      were encountered in cases of pernicious anaemia, haemolytic anaemia,
      panmyelopathy and plasmocytoma. The determination of Hb F in peripheral blood
      smears by means of this extremely simple elution method (Betke and Kleihauer)
      represents a useful tool in the diagnosis of haematological disorders in adults,
      especially the haemoglobinopathies. The possible causes of this biochemical
      redifferentiation of erythropoiesis are discussed.

PMID- 1087073
TI  - [Duplication of the gastrointestinal tract. Review and report of a case].

PMID- 1087074
TI  - [Rapid atrial stimulation (RAS) as electrotherapy of supraventricular
      tachycardias].

PMID- 1087075
TI  - [Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and chronic bronchitis].

PMID- 1087076
TI  - Angiography in the diagnosis and therapy of bleeding from gastroesophageal
      varices.

PMID- 1087077
TI  - [Physico-therapeutic measures in total hip joint endoprosthesis].

PMID- 1087078
TI  - [Rational therapy with stimulation-current massage by Trabert's method].

PMID- 1087079
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hemorrhage in the internal medicine cases of a district
      hospital. Retrospective study from the years 1965-1974].
AB  - In the period between 1965-1974 564 patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhages
      were admitted in the medical clinic of the District Hospital St. Georg Leipzig.
      Of them 112 patients (20%) were at once or after failure of a conservative
      therapy admitted in the surgical clinic for operation. 82 patients died (18%) of
      the conservatively treated patients). The most frequent sources of haemorrhage
      duodenal ulcers with 32%, ventricular ulcers with 25% and carcinomas of the
      stomach with 19%. In 13% of the patients haemorrhages induced by drugs could be
      assumed. In 13% the case were recidivation haemorrhages. Severe gastrointestinal
      haemorrhages were observed only in 4% of the patients and consequently were less
      important in our patients. A further improvement of the diagnostic exactness is
      possible by perfection of the early diagnosis (emergency gastroscopy and
      angiography), which may be important with regard to a surgical intervention.

PMID- 1087080
TI  - [Retrograde perfusion of the coronary sinus].
AB  - The investigations by Ratajczak-Pakalska showed peculiarities of cardiac venous
      circulation which make retrograde perfusion possible. Microcirculation is flowing
      in two directions, especially in diffuse cardiosclerosis. The results of the
      authors' animal experiments prove that the method of retrograde perfusion of
      coronary veins might be used ultimately in these cases.

PMID- 1087081
TI  - [Surgical therapy of chronic and acute coronary insufficiency].

PMID- 1087082
TI  - Surgical correction of the Budd-Chiari syndrome.

PMID- 1087083
TI  - [Radiographic morphology of inflammatory rheumatic primary lesions].

PMID- 1087084
TI  - [Nuclear medicine diagnosis of primary inflammatory rheumatic lesions. II.
      Comparative studies of clinical, anamnestic, roentgenologic and isotope
      findings].

PMID- 1087085
TI  - [Better characterization of antinuclear factors].

PMID- 1087086
TI  - [Spontaneous vestibular responses patients with otosclerosis before surgery to
      restore hearing and in the early postoperative period].

PMID- 1087087
TI  - [Sugar, chlorides and cholesterol in the blood of pilots before and after
      vestibular stimulation].

PMID- 1087088
TI  - [Assessment of the reinforcing properties of self stimulation in rats using the
      "discordance" index].
AB  - Histogramms of the duration of pedal pressing (PDH) as a function of stimulation
      parameters, were studied in fifteen rats with electrodes inserted in the lateral
      hypothalamus and with fixed series of brain stimulation. The "discordance"
      parameter was used to estimate the changes in PDH modes relative to the moment of
      the end of brain stimulation. It was found that an increase in the stimulation
      charge brought about a gradual replacement of positive discordance (the duration
      of pressing exceeds that of stimulation) by a negative one (duration of pressing
      is shorter than that of stimulation) and a rise of negative discordance. It is
      assumed that in the case of positive discordance the duration of the total brain
      stimulation possesses reinforcing properties, while in the case of negative
      discordance the beginning of the stimulation possesses reinforcing properties,
      and its continuation becomes negative.

PMID- 1087089
TI  - [Cerebrospinal fluid T- and B-lymphocytes in serous meningitis].
AB  - By means of PHA-tests and rosette-formation the authors detected in the CSF of
      patients with serous meningitis T- and B-lymphocytes. They assume that in serous
      meningitis the penetration of alien antigens into the subarachnoidal space
      facilitates the migration of T- and B-lymphocytes into the CSF from the lymphoid
      organs and peripheral blood. On the grounds of these data the authors propose a
      new concept which assumes that besides the hematoenecephalic barrier, there is
      also an immunological brain barrier, the morphofunctional basis of which is the
      CSF with circulating T- and B-lymphocytes and immunoglobulins of different
      classes.

PMID- 1087090
TI  - Epidemiological background to diabetes.
AB  - Earlier seasonal inoidence studies indicated that juvenile diabetes is acquired
      mainly in the autumn and winter months, and more recent and extensive further
      studies conducted throughout Great Britain have confirmed these earlier findings.
      Studies relating the incidence of the disease to age among juveniles suggest that
      an initiating factor, probably viral in origin, is operative in early childhood
      and that after a latent period, a precipitating factor may then uncover the
      disease. This might explain the peak of juvenile diabetes which appears at age
      11, in Britain. Studies on families in which diabetes has appeared almost
      simultaneously in two or more members, lends some support to the view that the
      disease may be precipitated by some infective process.

PMID- 1087091
TI  - High and low affinity insulin antibodies.

PMID- 1087092
TI  - Clinical significance of anti-insulin-antibodies.
AB  - Treatment of diabetic patients with common available insulin preparations in most
      cases results in formation of immuno-globulins called anti-insulin-antibodies.
      During the last 10-15 years it has been established, that these immuno-globulins,
      especially IgE, may be responsible for allergical manifestations. Moreover it has
      been established, that immuno-globulins, especially IgM, may be responsible for
      insulin resistance in many cases. It is concluded, that anti-insulin-antibodies
      also are important for the insulin requirement in non-resistant diabetics. The
      investigations could not reveal any significance of anti-insulin-antibodies for
      the degree of regulation. The remission period has been defined, 45 per cent of
      patients examined fulfilled the criteria for remission. The investigations
      support the assumption, that anti-insulin-antibodies may shorten the remission
      period, probably due to neutralizing effect upon the endogenous insulin supply.
      Finally our findings are in accordance with the view, that insulin-anti-insulin
      antibody complexes might deteriorate late diabetic vascular complications.

PMID- 1087093
TI  - The influence of insulin and insulin antibodies on the glomerular structure.
AB  - Guinea pigs and rabbits were treated with heterologous insulin preparations of
      different purity for 3 months without Freund's adjuvant. The insulin binding
      capacity of the serum, as well as the light and electron microscopic structure of
      the glomeruli were studied and the glomerular structure was analyzed with
      quantitative methods. By a longer treatment with heterologous commercial insulin
      preparations a proliferation of mesangial cells and a thickening of the mesangium
      matrix were showed. Furthermore, hump-like basement membrane protuberances were
      found in the glomerular capillary wall. Their frequency increased when more
      insulin antibodies were formed. Rabbits treated with MC insulin showed no
      significant antibody formation and no significant changes in the glomerular
      structure. Otherwise, in animals treated with the impurities of the insulin
      preparations (a+b component) a marked increase in the basement membrane
      protuberances was demonstrable accompanied by a higher antibody titer. An
      increase in the mesangial cell density as well as an increase in the mesangial
      volume were also present. The results confirm the findings that a contaminating
      protein in crystalline insulin to be responsible for the antigenic properties.

PMID- 1087094
TI  - Phagocytic and microbicidal function in diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1087095
TI  - Cellular interactions in the proliferative response of human circulating
      lymphocytes to PHA-analysis of the impaired response in old age.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from old subjects were less responsive to PHA
      than those from young controls, in both groups the PBL content of macrophages, T
      and B cells were comparable. Macrophages were identified as peroxydase containing
      cells, rosette formation with sheep red blood cell was used as a T cell marker
      and immunoglobulin bearing lymphocytes were considered to be B cells. PBL were
      separated in two subpopulations of purified T cells (F1 and F2) differing in
      their responsiveness to PHA and in their ability to cooperate with B cells.
      Purified B cells had a synergistic effect on the F1 response to PHA whereas they
      were often suppressive for the corresponding F2 response. Peroxydase containing
      cells enhanced the response of unfractionated total PBL and of purified T cells
      in the young subjects. The depressed response of the old age group could be
      related mainly to a suppressive effect of monocytes and a decreased circulating
      pool of F1 T cells.

PMID- 1087096
TI  - [The natural course of coronary heart disease].
AB  - For a critical evaluation regarding surgical therapy of coronary heart disease,
      we quote from important publications to the following points: Early mortality due
      to surgical treatment, by estimating the severity of the disease as determinated
      by the criterions of the New York Heart Association, or by the number of the
      diseased coronary vessels, or by important parameters of the function of the left
      ventricle (0% to 12%). Frequency of acute myocardial infarction, intra-or
      postoperatively (10% to 15% of the survivers, 50% of the lethal cases). Frequency
      of occlusion, of an aorto-coronary saphenous vein bypass (up to 30%).
      Amelioration of ischemic heart pain by surgical treatment (up to 90%). Prevention
      of the progression of coronary heart disease (not proved). Natural history of
      patients with coronary heart disease without surgical treatment, by estimating
      the number of the diseased vessels (2% for one-, 6% for two-, and 10% for three
      vessel diseases; 30% mortality rate due to stenosis of the left main coronary
      artery). Comparison of the mortality rates of surgically treated patients against
      those without surgery for coronary heart disease with equal severity (no
      difference). We investigated the connection between the severity of coronary
      heart disease (determinated by coronary angiography), and the mortality rate in
      our own patient material. A fundamental conformity appeared, with the results as
      quoted in the literature. Finally we difined the indications for surgical
      treatment of coronary heart disease due to angina pectoris, which cannot be
      managed conservatively and which makes a normal live difficult or impossible.
      Moreover, the function of the left ventricle should be fairly good. An absolute
      indication is a stenosis of the left main coronary artery.

PMID- 1087097
TI  - Serological studies in acute maxillary sinusitis.
AB  - A comparison was performed between bacteriological and serological findings in 97
      patients suffering from acute maxillary sinusitis. A significant titre change
      (larger than or equal to 2 titre steps) of complement-fixing antibodies to H.
      influenzae was demonstrated in 15 patients. H. influenzae was demonstrated in
      aspirated sinus secretions from 7 of these 15 patients. Further, titre changes to
      Neisseria catarrhalis were demonstrated in 25 patients. No significant titre
      changes in anti-streptolysin and anti-staphylolysin titres were demonstrated. The
      results are discussed briefly.

PMID- 1087098
TI  - Tone audiometry control of children treated for meningitis with large intravenous
      doses of ampicillin.
AB  - Thirty-seven children treated for bacterial meningitis with ampicillin in high
      doses were followed up with audiometric control. Defects were recorded in 6
      cases. Two of these were ascribed to chronic otosalpingitis. In 4 patients with
      sensorineural hearing loss, 3 were unilateral, and in only one case was the
      damage bilateral. Even here there was a previous history of hearing loss. A
      suggested ototoxicity of ampicillin could not be confirmed.

PMID- 1087099
TI  - The taxonomy of haemophili isolated from conjunctivae.
AB  - The paper provides a description of 112 Haemophilus strains isolated from cases
      of conjunctivitis in Egypt, Tunisia, Denmark, and the U.S.A., and aims at a
      clarification of the taxonomy of haemophili implicated in conjunctivitis.
      Although the study confirms the diversity of haemophili which can be isolated
      from inflamed conjunctivae, the vast majority of strains could be assigned to
      either biotype II or III of H. influenzae. Thirteen strains possessed all the
      characteristics of the Koch-Weeks bacillus. However, judged by the findings the
      recognition of the Koch-Weeks bacillus as a separate species does not seem
      tenable. It is suggested that this organism is considered a haemagglutinating
      variety of H. influenzae biotype III. The study indicates that the
      haemagglutinating ability per se, which can be found in strains of several taxa
      of Haemophilus, is associated with a special pathogenic potential.

PMID- 1087100
TI  - Differential effect of cortisol on thymocytes from mice of different ages.
AB  - The influence of cortisol in vivo and in vitro was studied in thymus sections,
      suspensions, and smears obtained from new-born, 6 days old, and 30 days old mice.
      Histology as well as differential counts revealed that new-born thymocytes are
      far more sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of cortisol than thymocytes from older
      animals, and thymocytes from 30 days old mice are more sensitive than cells from
      6 days old animals. Thus, the number of pyknotic cells in the thymus of new-born
      and 30 days old mice increased up to 20 per cent 6 h after injection of cortisol
      compared to 10 per cent in 6 days old animals. At 24 h after injection, the per
      cent of pyknotic cells in the thymus of new-born mice was 50 compared with about
      1 in the two older age-groups. Supravital dye exclusion showed that thymocytes in
      6 days old mice are less sensitive to the cytolytic action of cortisol in vivo
      than thymocytes from new-born and 30 days old mice. Incorporation of 3H-TdR and
      3H-UdR into thymocyte DNA and RNA, respectively, was inhibited in all groups
      after treatment in vivo. DNA-synthesis of thymocytes in new-born animals was
      inhibited in all groups after treatment in vivo. DNA-synthesis of thymocytes in
      new born animals was inhibited more than DNA-synthesis in thymocytes of older
      animals, whereas RNA-synthesis was inhibited to nearly the same extend in the
      three groups studied. Incubation in vitro with 10(-6)M cortisol inhibited the DNA
      synthesis to the same extent in thymocytes from the three age groups studied
      whereas the inhibiting effect of 10(-5)M cortisol on thymocytes from 6 and 30
      days old animals was more intense than that on cells in new-born mice. The RNA
      synthesis of thymocytes from 6 days old mice incubated in 10(-5)M cortisol was
      inhibited far less than RNA-synthesis in cells from new-born and 30 days old
      mice. The experiments reported, showing differential effects of cortisol on
      thymocytes obtained from mice of different ages, may reflect different stages of
      thymocytes maturation during the process of ontogenesis.

PMID- 1087101
TI  - Antinuclear factors in sera from healthy blood donors.
AB  - Sera obtained from 466 healthy blood donors were investigated for presence of
      granulocyte-specific and organ-nonspecific antinuclear factors of the IgM, IgA
      and IgG classes, 110 sera also for complement-fixing and IgD class antinuclear
      factors. When undiluted sera were studied, most sera were found to contain
      antinuclear factors of one or more immunoglobulin classes (77 per cent). IgM, IgA
      and IgG antinuclear factors were found in 53, 44 and 14 per cent, respectively.
      At dilution 1:16, antinuclear factors of the IgM class were still detected in 16
      per cent of the sera, while IgA and IgC antinuclear factors wre demonstrated in 6
      and 2 per cent, respectively. Organ-nonspecific antinuclear factors were clearly
      more common than granulocyte-specific antinuclear factors. No serum contained
      complement-fixing or IgD class antinuclear factors. This study indicates the
      importance of using qualitative as well as quantitative techniques to distinguish
      between antinuclear factors in health and disease.

PMID- 1087102
TI  - The cytotoxicity of specifically sensitized lymphocytes from mouse strains of
      varying H-2 specificities on LCM virus-infected L cells.
AB  - During an LCM virus infection in mice, cytotoxic T lymphocytes appear to be
      directed against target cells infected with the virus. This cytotoxic reaction is
      restricted by the H-2 histo-compatibility between effector and target cells. To
      analyse this restriction, the cytotoxic effect of in vivo sensitized spleen cells
      from mice of various H-2 specificities on LCM virus-infecte of in vivo sensitized
      spleen cells from mice of various H-2 specificities on LCM virus-infected L cells
      (H-2k) was studied in vitro. When spleen cells from strains identical with C3H (H
      2k) and L cells at the K as well as at the D locus were used as effector cells,
      the degree of lysis was of the same order as that obtained by C3H effector cells,
      whereas strains different at both loci did not respond significantly. The A/J and
      B10A strains, both identical with the L cells at the K locus but different at the
      D locus, gave low or moderate responses. C3H-H-20 lymphocytes, identical with the
      targets at the D but not at the K locus, showed high degrees of cytotoxicity
      although the level obtained by strains histocompatible with L cells at both loci
      was never reached. Effector cells from the F1 hybrids C3H/HeJ X BALB/c and
      C3H/HeJ X DBA both responded poorly in spite of the fact that one of their
      haplotypes carries the same marker loci as the L cells. This finding is in
      contrast with that obtained in other laboratories where the LCM virus system and
      other systems were studied. A point is made of the design and the evaluation of
      the experiments.

PMID- 1087103
TI  - Some observations in treatment stimulation of epilepsy.
AB  - In a group of 10 patients suffering from epilepsy therapeutic stimulation was
      applied by means of chronic electrodes and a technical stimulator three times in
      nucleus dentatus, five times in nucleus caudatus, once in both structures
      simultaneously. Once chronic electrodes were introduced into the amygdalo
      hippocampal complex and non-specific thalanic system bilaterally. One patient was
      stimulated by means of a pacemaker and once by normal rhythm from the
      hypothalamus of the same patient using magnetic tape. The patients were subjected
      to stimulations once a day for a period of 1-8 days. The results obtained are
      being discussed with respect to Goddard's kindling phenomenon.

PMID- 1087104
TI  - External control of a shift in antibody synthesis.

PMID- 1087105
TI  - Effect of antigen on localization of immunologically specific B cells.

PMID- 1087106
TI  - University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington.

PMID- 1087107
TI  - Adjuvant effect of Listeria cell wall fraction.

PMID- 1087108
TI  - The effect of coronary bypass surgery on exercise-induced ventricular
      arrhythmias.
AB  - Ninety-one patients with angiographically proved coronary artery disease and
      stable angina were randomly assigned into surgical and medical therapy. Graded
      exercise tests were performed on entry into the study and repeated in 1 year.
      Ventricular arrhythmias during exercise and 8 minutes of recovery were studied.
      Arrhythmias were graded on a scale of 0 to 7 by their presumed severity. On
      entry, both groups were similar in the severity of coronary disease, exercise
      capacity, and frequency and severity of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias.
      At 1 year, the frequency and severity of arrhythmias remained unchanged in both
      groups, whereas the surgically treated patients showed a marked improvement in
      their exercise capacity (p less than 0.005). The medically treated patients had a
      slight deterioration in their work capacity which, however, did not achieve
      statistical significance (p = 0.08). Twelve patients died suddenly. In seven
      medically treated patients who died suddenly, the frequency and severity of
      ventricular arrythmias on exercise were not different from those of the rest of
      the medical patients. In the five surgically treated patients who died suddenly,
      one had multiform premature ventricular beats, a second developed ventricular
      fibrillation (2 years before dying suddenly), and a third had no arrhythmias
      during exercise. Two died before the 1 year evaluation. Successful coronary
      surgery improves exercise capacity without decreasing associated ventricular
      arrhythmias. Exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias, with the exception of
      ventricular fibrillation, may not be closely associated with the risk of sudden
      death.

PMID- 1087109
TI  - Vein graft patency and intimal proliferation after aortocoronary bypass: early
      and long-term angiopathologic correlations.
AB  - To determine the clinical significance of intimal proliferation as a cause of
      aortocoronary bypass vein graft obstruction, 492 vein grafts from 281 patients
      were studied 0 to 75 months postoperatively. All grafts had been inserted between
      1968 and 1975 by one surgeon using one technique. The graft patency rate was 92
      percent (55 to 60) in the first month; 91 percent (49 of 54) at 1 to 3 months; 84
      percent (37 to 44) at 4 to 6 months; 77 percent (33 of 43) at 7 to 12 months; 81
      percent (113 of 140) at 13 to 24 months; 82 percent (59 of 72) at 25 to 36
      months; and 84 percent (66 of 79) at 37 to 75 months. Vein graft samples were
      obtained from 41 patients: In 27 patients with 51 grafts (early group), they were
      obtained 0 to 30 days (mean 14 days) postoperatively; in 14 patients with 27
      grafts (late group) they were obtained 7 to 75 months (mean 34 months)
      postoperatively. Intimal proliferation was graded 1 to 4 corresponding to an
      intima/media thickness ratio of 1,2,3 or 4, respectively. In the early group, all
      51 vein grafts howed grade 1 to 2 intimal proliferation; 5 of these grafts were
      occluded, all as a result of recent thrombosis. In the late group, 17 of the 27
      grafts were studied histologically. All patent vein grafts showed grade 2 to 3
      intimal prolferation. Four vein grafts were occluded but only one as a result of
      grade 4 intimal proliferation. In 14 patients in the late group, angiograms
      performed shortly before vein graft samples were obtained revealed 14 patent and
      4 occluded vein grafts. Ten of the 14 patent vein grafts showed grade 2 to 3
      intimal proliferation but were of uniformly good caliber angiographically
      (graft/artery ratio more than 1.5).

PMID- 1087111
TI  - Familial congenital monochromatism, cataracts, and sensorineural deafness.
AB  - Two sisters had diagnoses of congenital monochromatism, cataracts, bilateral
      nonprogressive sensorineural deafness, and hyperinsulinism in both, and
      labyrinthine dysfunction in one. This recessively inherited condition is added to
      the growing number of syndromes in which one of the features may be a disturbance
      of hypothalamic function.

PMID- 1087110
TI  - Haemophilus influenzae meningitis: an evolving therapeutic regimen.
AB  - Ampicillin sodium has been the drug of choice in the treatment of Haemophilus
      influenzae meningitis. The development of ampicillin-resistant strains forces the
      clinician to focus on alternative therapies. We describe two patients in whom
      neutropenia was noted secondary to chloramphenicol administration, and
      streptomycin sulfate and sulfonamides were employed. An historical perspective
      summarizing the evolution of available therapeutic regimens is presented.

PMID- 1087113
TI  - Pancreatic pseudocyst as a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and hemobilia. A
      case report.
AB  - A case of hemobilia from a pancreatic pseudocyst which developed after
      cholecystostomy and aspiration of the pseudocyst, intended to relieve biliary
      obstruction, is discussed. These previously reported cases are briefly reviewed.

PMID- 1087112
TI  - Hepatic decompensation following general anesthesia in alpha 1-antitrypsin
      deficiency.

PMID- 1087114
TI  - Autoantibodies in chronic gastritis.
AB  - Gastric parietal cell, antinuclear, smooth-muscle, mitochondrial and microsomal
      antibodies were determined in 12 Chinese patients with chronic atropic gastritis,
      15 Chinese patients with chronic (superficial) gastritis, four Chinese patients
      with acute-on-chronic gastritis and 16 Chinese control subjects. With the
      exception of a weakly positive gastric parietal cell antibody test in one of the
      12 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis, autoantibodies were not found in all
      the gastritis and contol groups. It is concluded that autoantibodies are rarely
      present in Chinese patients with chronic gastritis.

PMID- 1087115
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in leukemia therapy.
AB  - In order to evaluate the effect of radio- and chemotherapy on immunity, T and B
      lymphocyte surface receptors were studies sequentially in the blood from 28
      previously untreated leukemic children. Following the initiation of chemotherapy
      an increase in the percent T and B cells was noted in the peripheral blood. In
      association with sanctuary therapy and chemotherapy there was a decrease in the
      total number of circulating T and B cells and a relative increase in lymphocytes
      lacking markers. Based on total numbers at remission the reduction in B cells was
      greater than in T cells, and the most marked changes occurred during sanctuary
      therapy. A reduction in the mean serum immunoglobulin was associated with
      decreasing B cell numbers.

PMID- 1087116
TI  - Identification of T cell lymphoma tumor antigens on human T cell lines.
AB  - All human T lymphoblast cell lines have been derived from subjects with leukemia
      secondary to thymic lymphoblastic lymphoma, a T cell malignancy, suggesting that
      such lines represent established cultures of neoplastic T cells. Based on this
      observation, we prepared rabbit antisera to T cell line HSB-2, removed reactivity
      for histocompatibility antigens and normal T cells by absorption with
      autocthonous B cell line CCRF-SB and normal thymocytes, and tested the absorbed
      antisera by complement-dependent cytotoxicity against a panel of normal and
      malignant cells. A representative antiserum reacted with all 4 T cell lines (mean
      cytotoxic index =56) and with tumor cells from 4 patients with T cell lymphoma
      (mean cytotoxic index = 50) but did not react with tumor cells from 6 patients
      with other types of leukemias (mean cytotoxic index = 2), with 3 B cell lines
      (mean cytotoxic index = 1), normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (mean cytotoxic
      index = 5), or normal thymocytes (mean cytotoxic index = 6). We conclude that
      appropriately absorbed antisera to human T cell lines detect T cell lymphoma
      tumor antigens.

PMID- 1087117
TI  - Actions of ristocetin on platelets.
AB  - The absence of ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation appears to correlate with
      the platelet defect in von Willebrand's disease, suggesting that this reaction
      mimics a physiological process. The effect of ristocetin on plasma and on the
      residual levels of the von Willebrand factor (vWF), Factor VIII procoagulant
      activity, and Factor VIII-related protein in plasma after aggregation of platelet
      rich plasma by this agent has been studied in order to further elucidate the
      mechanism and requirements of this reaction. Ristocetin-induced platelet
      aggregation causes a consumption of vWF, Factor VIII procoagulant activity, and
      Factor VIII antigen from the supernatant plasma which is proportional to the
      number of platelets aggregated. Such a consumption of these factors does not
      appear to occur after aggregation by other agents. Factor VIII procoagulant
      activity does not appear necessary for ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation,
      yet is utilized in this process. These findings support the hypothesis that the
      molecule associated with Factor VIII procoagulant activity is carried by the
      molecule necessary for ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation.

PMID- 1087118
TI  - Post-transfusion thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report.
AB  - Post-transfusion thrombocytopenic purpura (PTTP) is a rare syndrome which was
      first brought to widespread attention by Shulman et al. Eighteen cases have been
      reported. The present report describes an additional patient, a multiparous
      female who developed petechia 7 days after blood transfusion. The patient's serum
      contained anti-P1A1 antibodies and her own platelets were P1A1-negative. She was
      treated with prednisone and recovered spontaneously without exchange transfusion
      of whole blood or plasma.

PMID- 1087119
TI  - Traumatic endophthalmitis caused by an Erwinia species.
AB  - A previously healthy 70-year-old white man sustained a plant injury to his left
      eye while gardening and was admitted here because of an ensuing perforated cornea
      and endophthalmitis. The lens was opaque and its anterior capsule was ruptured.
      Culture of fluid obtained by anterior chamber paracentesis yielded a species of
      the Erwinia herbicolalathyri group (Enterobacter agglomerans). Thirty-seven days
      after a course of cefazolin and gentamicin therapy, corneal edema necessitated a
      planned extracapsular cataract extraction. The aqueous humor and lens again
      revealed the identical Erwinia species in pure culture. The patient received
      another course of cefazolin and showed improvement after the lens aspiration.

PMID- 1087120
TI  - Ocular and cerebral involvement in familial lymphohistiocytosis.
AB  - A 5-month-old infant girl died of familial lymphohistiocytosis. The central
      nervous system showed widespread perivascular infiltration of the cerebral pia
      and arachnoid, the cerebral white matter and deep gray matter, the cerebellum,
      and brain stem by lymphocytes, benign appearing histiocytes, and macrophages with
      erythro-and lymphophagocytosis. The eyes had mild infiltration of the anterior
      uveal tract, moderate involvement of the inner retina, and marked infiltration of
      the optic nerves by identical cells.

PMID- 1087121
TI  - Orbital rim fat atrophy after repository periocular corticosteroid injection.
AB  - A 29-year-old white woman with acute recurrent nongranulomatous iridocyclitis of
      undetermined cause was treated with a retrobulbar injection of depocorticosteroid
      (Kenalog) through the inferior eyelid. This resulted in rapid clearing of the
      uveitis, but she developed subcutaneous and inferior orbital fat atrophy. This
      atrophy persisted during the 1 1/2 years of observation.

PMID- 1087122
TI  - The acquisition of b-cell competence and diversity.
AB  - The in vitro splenic focus technique has been used to establish the
      characteristics of the repertoire of B cells in adult BALB/c mice, its
      stimulation and development. Evidence is presented that the technique yields an
      accurate estimate of the precursor cell frequency by providing monoclonal
      responses of a constant portion (4%) of transferred B cells. Since the
      monoclonally derived antibodies can be analyzed, it has also been possible to
      determine the isotype and clonotype of many of the resultant antibodies. The
      adult spleen can be shown to contain a vast repertoire (over 10(7) clonotypes) of
      primary B cells, each clonotype represented by from less than ten to as many as
      10(4) responsive cells. Antigenic stimulation of these primary B cells is highly
      specific and apparently affinity dependent and leads to both antibody-forming
      cell clone formation and a population of secondary B cells. Secondary B cells,
      though derived from the same clonotypes, differ from primary B cell in several
      characteristics, including a lower degree of secificity of antigenic stimulation.
      In addition, secondary B cells can be stimulated in collaboration with allogeneic
      antigen-specific T cells to yield clones producing antibody of the IgG1 isotope,
      whereas primary B cells similarly stimulated produce only IgM antibodies.
      Analyses of neonatal B cells indicate that the acquisition of the adult
      repertoire is a highly patterned process. Thus, whereas 10(4) clonotypes are
      present at birth, more and more clonotypes are acquired in a highly ordered
      pattern during the first few weeks of life. It is concluded that this process is
      probably evolutionarily determined, since antigen-driven events appear to play no
      role. However, since developing B cells can be shown to be exquisitely sensitive
      to tolerance induction, negative antigenic selection may play an important role,
      particularly in eliminating clonotypes recognizing self-determinants for which
      the species is polymorphic.

PMID- 1087123
TI  - Pathogenesis of massively bleeding colonic diverticulosis: new observations.
AB  - Colonic diverticulosis is a common cause of acute severe rectal hemorrhage. The
      precise site of bleeding, etiology, and pathogenesis have not been previously
      identified. Arteriographic, microangiographic, and detailed histologic
      observations in 10 cases of massively bleeding colonic diverticulosis
      demonstrated strikingly consistent changes related to the characteristic
      angioarchitecture of colonic diverticula. These changes included: (1) asymmetric
      rupture of the vas rectum toward the lumen of the diverticulum precisely at its
      dome or its antimesenteric margin; (2) conspicuous eccentric intimal thickening
      of the vas rectum, often with thinning of the media and duplication of the
      internal elastic lamina at and near the bleeding point; and (3) general absence
      of diverticulitis. Comparison with control colonic diverticula suggests that
      traumatic factors arising within the diverticular or colonic lumen induce
      asymmetric intimal proliferation and segmental weakening of the associated vas
      rectum, predisposing to rupture and massive bleeding.

PMID- 1087124
TI  - Prevention of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 582 burned children.
AB  - In 582 burned children, neutralization of gastric acid and reduction of psychic
      stress were utilized to reduce upper gastrointestinal ulceration and hemorrhage.
      While receiving milk, diazepam, and psychologic support, two children required
      operation. Two of the children who died without clinically apparent
      gastrointestinal disease had ulcers discovered at autopsy. We conclude that a
      prophylactic regimen that reduced the amount of acid bathing the gastroduodenal
      mucosa, provides adequate calories, and minimizes psychic stress is useful in
      preventing gastrointestinal hemorrhage after burns.

PMID- 1087125
TI  - Immunologic status and lymphedema of the arm in postoperative patients with
      cancer of the breast.
AB  - Sixty women were evaluated regarding their immunologic status and for presence of
      lymphedema after surgery for breast carcinoma. Patients who had undergone
      radiotherapy were noted to have decreases in TLC, and increases in LIF. In
      addition, the patients also had an increased incidence of lymphedema after
      radical mastectomy.

PMID- 1087126
TI  - [Thymus-dependent lymphocyte activity during the normal course of pregnancy an in
      spontaneous premature interruption of pregnancy].

PMID- 1087127
TI  - [Model and the experimental therapy of acute increase of intraocular pressure
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Comparative experiments were carried out on 63 rabbits to study the acute
      increase in intraocular pressure which develops in the eye after introduction of
      prostaglandin F2 (instillations, subconjunctival injections) and other substances
      (hypertonic solution of sodium chloride, and reopirin). Tonometry, tonography,
      and radioisotope studies of aqueous humor (24Na, albumin-labeled 131I) were done.
      Differences in the display and mechanisms of acute increase of intraocular
      pressure were marked following administration of prostaglandin and a hypertonic
      solution of sodium chloride. It is stated that prostaglandin increases the
      permeability of the blood-aqueous humor barrier for the 24Na ions in comparison
      with hypertonic solution of sodium chloride, and that the eye, under the
      influence of prostaglandin, heightens intraocular pressure. Pretreatment with
      dizinon (etamsilat) reduces the increase in intraocular pressure caused by
      prostaglandin.

PMID- 1087128
TI  - Experimental suture studies in strabismus surgery. I. Reattachment rate of
      extraocular muscles after recession and resection operations.
AB  - We described a method for measuring the in vivo tensile strength of the muscle
      scleral junction in rabbits. Data obtained on the reattachment time of
      extraocular muscles after recession and resection operations indicate the rate of
      healing is similar for both operations. Adequate wound healing is present by the
      5th day after surgery, and sutures are probably unnecessary after 8 to 9 days. An
      ideal suture for strabismus surgery would be one that retains its strength during
      the first 8 to 9 days following surgery, then undergoes rapid absorption.

PMID- 1087129
TI  - Experimental suture studies in strabismus surgery. II. Comparison of tensile
      strength of plain catgut with polyglycolic acid (Dexon) sutures after extraocular
      muscle surgery.
AB  - From our experimental studies it appears Dexon satisfies more of the criteria for
      an ideal suture for strabismus surgery than plain catgut for the following
      reasons. Its handling, tying, and knot-holding (if tighthened firmly) qualities
      are excellent. Tissue reaction is minimal. It seems to be non-antigenic. Of
      paramount importance. Dexon's tensile strength is high initially and it retains
      its strength through the critical period of muscle-scleral wound healing, then
      dissolves in a rapid uniform manner.

PMID- 1087130
TI  - [Findings on retinal surface by scanning electron microscopy. I. Retinal holes
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The findings by scanning electron microscopy on three retinal holes are
      described. An outgrow of a glial membrane with microvilli from the holes to the
      retinal surface can be seen. This epiretinal cell membrane grows on a felt of
      collagen fibres of the vitreoretinal borderlayer. Rudiments of visual receptors
      project from the deep walls into the holes. The layer of the pigment epithelial
      cells beneath the holes is remarkable by the abundance of microvilli.

PMID- 1087131
TI  - Kuhnt intermediary tissue as a barrier between the optic nerve and retina.
AB  - Utilizing adult albino rats and lanthanum nitrate as a tracer, electron
      microscopic studies were done to provide additional information on the blood
      optic nerve barrier. Following injection into the cervical artery, lanthanum was
      observed to fill the intercellular space of the optic nerve parenchyma. Diffusion
      from the prelaminar optic nerve into the juxta-optic nerve retina was, however,
      prevented by the Kuhnt tissue at the level of the rod and cone layer. In this
      region, tight junctions were found between the glial cells of the Kuhnt
      intermediary tissue and were continuous from the tight junctions of the retinal
      pigment epithelial cells to the junctions (zonulae adhaerentes) of the outer
      limiting membrane. From the level of the outer limiting membrane to the inner
      limiting membrane there was no diffusion of lanthanum into the adjacent retina
      despite the absence of tight junctions, and the lanthanum which had diffused from
      the choroid was never observed in the area of the inner limiting membrane of the
      optic nerve head. It is in this region that the functional barrier may exist.

PMID- 1087132
TI  - Ring-shaped acid burns of the rabbit cornea.
AB  - In the extension of our previous work on alkali burns of the rabbit cornea we
      have studied acid burns of the rabbit cornea using a ring-shaped chromoatographic
      paper soaked with solutions of different kinds of acids. The ensuing changes were
      studied with the silver methods of McGovern and Jabonero.

PMID- 1087133
TI  - Criterion referenced measurement and quality of care criteria.

PMID- 1087134
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid pressure during O2 encephalography and N2O inhalation.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure was studied in 8 patients and 5 dogs during
      pneumoencephalography (PEG) or ventriculography in which either O2 or N2O was
      used as the contrast gas prior to and during N2O inhalation. In 7 patients, the
      use of O2 as the contrast gas increased CSF pressure 8.7 torr (range 4 to 12
      torr) following N2O inhalation. In 1 patient, when N2O was used as the contrast
      gas, CSF pressure did not change after N2O inhalation. These findings were
      confirmed in anesthetized animals ventilated at a constant PaCO2. The authors
      conclude that if N2O inhalation is required during PEG, maximum patient safety
      can be achieved if the contrast gas is also N2O.

PMID- 1087135
TI  - Insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans. Report of a case with antibodies to
      insulin receptors.
AB  - A 64-year-old black man presented with the syndrome of acanthosis nigricans and
      insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus requiring up to 3000 units of insulin per
      day. The patient's plasma contained circulating antibodies to insulin receptors
      thought to be responsible for the insulin resistance. The marked insulin
      resistance, the manifestations of acanthosis nigricans, the evidence of
      immunologic dysfunction by the absence of expected circulating antibodies to
      insulin, and the demonstration of circulating  antibodies to insulin receptors
      put this patient in Kahn's category B of insulin resistance and acanthosis
      nigricans. There was no evidence of malignancy, lipodystrophy, or endocrine
      abnormality. The occurrence of acanthosis nigricans with insulin resistance due
      to binding of cell membrane insulin receptors by antibodies has been reported
      exclusively in women. This case report is the first description of a male patient
      with the syndrome of insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans and focuses
      attention on features that might mislead one to suspect other causes of insulin
      resistance.

PMID- 1087136
TI  - Involutional osteopenia: current concepts.
AB  - Involutional osteopenia is the most common metabolic bone disorder affecting the
      elderly population. Improved diagnostic techniques now allow for earlier
      detection of a decrease in bone mass than is possible with routine skeletal
      roentgenograms. Methods developed for quantitating bone remodeling have given new
      insight to the mechanisms involved in age-related skeletal loss. Theories of
      pathogenesis include [1] inadequate skeletal acquisition during youth, [2]
      dietary deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D, [3] hormonal imbalance, and [4]
      local factors influencing skeletal remodeling, particularly at the endosteal
      envelope. Numerous agents affecting bone remodeling have been used to treat
      involutional osteopenia, but none has been proved to restore bone mass. New
      programs involving combinations of agents give promise for increasing bone
      mineral content and, it is hoped, reducing fracture rate.

PMID- 1087137
TI  - Immunochemotherapy of lung cancer.
AB  - After surgical resection of their primary lung cancer, 33 patients were
      randomized into one of three groups. The first received high-dose methotrexate
      once per month with citrovorum rescue, for 3 months. The second group were
      immunized monthly with a homogenate of Freund's complete adjuvant and carefully
      characterized soluble antigen derived from allogeneic lung cancer cells of
      appropriate histology, for 3 months. The third group received a combination of
      methotrexate and immunization monthly, for 3 months. Each patient was monitored
      immunologically before, during, and after the treatment period, by use of delayed
      hypersensitivity reactions to recall and cancer antigens, in vitro lymphocyte
      response to mitogens, and mixed lymphocyte blocking factor activity. The group
      that received methotrexate showed little change in skin reactivity, a reduction
      of blocking factor activity, and significant rebound overshoot in in vitro
      lymphocyte performance. The immunized group showed a tendency to production of
      blocking factor activity, striking conversion and enhancement of skin reactivity,
      and little change in in vitro lymphocyte performance. The immunochemotherapy
      group showed dramatic increases in specific skin reactivity to cancer antigens,
      up to 2 years after treatment, in vitro lymphocyte rebound overshoot, and
      reduction of blocking factor activity production. Classic life table analysis of
      the probability of freedom from metastases in patients with stage-I cancer
      indicate that the disease-free interval in patients who received methotrexate is
      longer than in historic and concomitant controls but not as long as in those who
      received immunization. The best group appear to be those who received combination
      immunochemotherapy. We emphasize that the small numbers in this pilot study do
      not yet allow firm conclusions to be made.

PMID- 1087138
TI  - Transfer factor versus combination chemotherapy: a preliminary report of a
      randomized postsurgical adjuvant treatment study in osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Twenty-six patients with classic osteosarcoma were randomized to receive either
      transfer factor or combination chemotherapy. Eight of 14 patients who received
      transfer factor converted their skin test markers, evidence of activity of the
      transfer factor. Of these eight patients, all are alive; four are free of
      disease. Of the 18 patients who received combination chemotherapy, 14 are alive,
      12 of whom are free of disease. The immunologic test procedures performed
      sequentially reveal that transfer factor appears to enhance cell-mediated
      immunity, but it is evident that in this study, a control (saline) arm in the
      protocol could not be included. It is of interest that the chemotherapy regimen
      used does not appear to suppress such activity permanently. The individual test
      results, however, are not very helpful for predicting response to treatment. The
      small numbers of patients and the short duration of this study, combined with the
      exclusion of parosteal osteogenic sarcomas and jaw tumors, do not permit a
      meaningful comparison with other published studies.

PMID- 1087139
TI  - [Current aspects of prinzmetal angina (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087140
TI  - [Psychiatric troubles of patients with valvular heart disease (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087141
TI  - The role of immunological mechanisms in chronic hepatitis.

PMID- 1087142
TI  - Long-term follow-up of sequential aortocoronary venous grafts.
AB  - In 1972 we reported myocardial revascularization of 130 patients using multiple
      sequential aortocoronary anastomoses to a single saphenous vein ]1]. Of the 122
      survivors described in that report, 121 (99%) have been followed an additional 3
      years. Twelve deaths occurred during the interval. The 110 currently followed
      patients represent 290 anastomoses; 54 have been studied angiographically since
      operation. Angiographic patency at 3 years in the studied group (18) was 70%.
      These figures exceed our follow-up data for 135 patients revascularized during
      the same period using individual vein grafts. Comparison of life table survival
      curves demonstrates this result. We believe the improved patency and decreased
      operating time that have resulted from employing this technique have outweighed
      the likelihood of a proximal stenosis causing closure of the whole graft system.
      We continue to use this technique in combination with internal mammary artery
      grafts in the management of multiple-vessel coronary disease. Good early results
      using this technique have been reported by other authors [2, 3, 5].

PMID- 1087143
TI  - Why do radial artery grafts for aortocoronary bypass fail? A reappraisal.
AB  - The reasons for the high failure rate of radial artery grafts for aortocoronary
      bypass (ACB) are appraised. Each of 11 dogs received four types of grafts:
      femoral arteries were grafted to carotid arteries, and jugular veins were grafted
      to femoral arteries bilaterally. One of each pair of grafts was wrapped in a
      plastic sheet in order to interfere with the regeneration of vasa vasorum. The
      grafts were examined 2 months later. The results suggest that although operative
      trauma and intraluminal pressure change play important roles, the thick-walled
      artery appears to depend more on vasa vasorum for its integrity than does the
      thin-walled vein. A free radical artery graft, with vasa vasorum disrupted at
      both ends, cannot regenerate readily from the adjacent tissue, as is the case at
      the ACB position, and is therefore more vulnerable to subintimal hyperplasia and
      occlusion than either the vein graft or the internal mammary artery graft; both
      of these grafts are thinner, and the internal mammary artery graft remains
      undisrupted at one end.

PMID- 1087144
TI  - Coronary artery bypass occlusion second to postcardiotomy syndrome.
AB  - Postcardiotomy syndrome following coronary vein bypass procedures may cause graft
      occlusion as a result of the associated myxedematous hyperemic inflammation that
      later forms dense obliterative fibrosis. Variability of symptoms and onset make
      early recognition of postcardiotomy syndrome difficult. However, the presence of
      the classic triad of fever, chest pain, and pleuroericardial reactions along with
      leukocytosis and elevated sedimentation rate should suggest the diagnosis. Early
      recognition and prompt institution of steroid therapy offer relief of symptoms
      and regression of inflammation and probably reduce the incidence of graft
      occlusion. From early experience with 14 patients who developed postcardiotomy
      syndrome and received only symptomatic treatment, 12 developed graft occlusion,
      whereas in 31 subsequent patients with this syndrome who were treated with
      steroids, only 5 demonstrated graft occlusion.

PMID- 1087145
TI  - Coronary artery bypass grafts: how many? What kind?

PMID- 1087146
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AB  - Counts of T and B lymphocytes were made in the peripheral blood from patients
      with active and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis and in healthy subjects. In
      patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis the numbers of T cells were
      significantly lower than in the controls. After treatment for two months, if the
      patient's condition improved the percentage of T cells returned to nearly normal
      levels. If the patient failed to improve, the numbers of T cells remained low.
      The mechanism of these phenomena is discussed.

PMID- 1087147
TI  - [Role of duration and intensity of activation of afferent fibers in regulating
      morphologic shifts in a neuron].
AB  - The afferent impulsation has a regulating influence on morphological and
      histochemical shifts in the neuron. The size and staining of spinal motoneurons
      of the frog are changed depending on the force and duration of the applied high
      frequency stimulation of afferent fibres. The threshold 10-minute-long activation
      results in the increased size and lighter staining of nerve cells. An increased
      force of high frequency stimuli causes darker staining and a decreased size of
      the motoneurons under study. One-minute-long activation of the afferent fibres by
      electric stimuli of 50 imp/sec failed to cause changes in the size and staining
      of nerve cells. Prolongation of the activation till 10 minutes results in a sharp
      decrease of the neuron size. Further activation of the afferent fibres for 2
      hours causes pathological shifts in the structure of motoneurons: their
      vacuolization and melting. Besides, there appears a great number of dark
      stretched intensively stained nerve cells.

PMID- 1087148
TI  - Vitrectomy in endophthalmitis. Results of study using vitrectomy, intraocular
      antibiotics, or a combination of both.
AB  - A rabbit model of endophthalmitis was produced by inoculating Staphylococcus
      epidermidis and S aureus into the vitreous cavity. Elimination of microorganisms
      was compared using intravitreal administration of 0.1 mg of gentamicin alone,
      vitrectomy alone, and a combination of gentamicin and vitrectomy. In the case of
      S. epidermidis treated 24 hours after inoculation, all untreated eyes were
      culture-positive at one week, eyes treated with gentamicin alone or intravitreal
      gentamicin in combination with vitrectomy were all culture-negative, and
      vitrectomy alone rendered half of the eyes culture-negative. In the case of S
      aureus, eyes not treated by vitrectomy alone were all culture-positive at one
      week. Eyes treated with intravitreal gentamicin 25 to 31 hours after infection
      were culture-negative for S aireus in 33% at one week, while eyes treated with
      combined vitrectomy plus intraocular gentamicin were culture-negative in 83% of
      cases. When treatment was delayed 40 to 49 hours after inoculation of S aureus,
      intravitreal rendered 50% culture-negative at one week, while vitrectomy combined
      with intravitreal gentamicin eliminated the infection in 100% of eyes.

PMID- 1087149
TI  - Cerebellopontine pantopaque cisternography and tomography of the internal
      acoustic meatus in the diagnosis of angle tumors.
AB  - The results of 106 consecutive Pantopaque cisternographies performed at the neuro
      radiological department, Rigshospitalet, are presented. 41 positive and 65
      negative examinations were found. Good accordance between radiological tumor size
      estimation and size of actual, surgically verified tumor was noted. A comparison
      between tomography of the internal auditory canal and pantopaque cisternography
      of the posterior fossa has been made, and we found 6 cases with normal tomography
      and positive cisternography. Furthermore 17 cases (26%) with pathological
      tomographic examination of internal auditory canal as well as a negative finding
      at Pantopaque cisternography, were encountered. Therefore we conclude that
      asymmetry of the radiological appearance of the internal auditory canal at
      tomography is not of decisive importance in the indication for cisternography,
      but the examination should be included in the test battery in search for
      cerebellopontine angle pathology. We agree with other authors that Pantopaque
      cisternography is without any doubt the final and most conclusive examination
      available for the diagnosis of cerebellopontine angle tumors. A system of grading
      the different objective findings giving indication for Pantopaque cisternography
      has been made.

PMID- 1087150
TI  - [The activity of motor units of the musculus splenius capitis in pheripheral
      vestibular lesions (author's transl)].
AB  - The activity of single motor units of the splenius-capitis muscle of healthy
      human subjects and patients with unilateral vestibular lesions was recorded by
      means of microelectrodes. The major part of these units reacted to vestibular
      stimulation in the same way as primary and secondary vestibular neurones of other
      vertebrates. The reactions of these units to trapezoidale stimuli is identical to
      that of vestibular neurones. An angular acceleration of more than 0.6 degrees/s2
      is for these units a stimulus which is above threshold, this too corresponds to
      findings in the vestibular nerve. In patients with unilateral vestibular lesions
      the threshold for rotatory stimuli is markedly increased on the side of the
      lesion, whereas the threshold on the other side remains constant. This method is
      very sensitive and vestibular lesions can be detected which cannot be seen using
      the common technics for vestibular examination.

PMID- 1087151
TI  - Factors affecting responses to immunization.
AB  - Geoffrey Edsall once stated "...at its best, immunization is the cheapest and
      most practical means of controlling infectious disease...". While immunization
      against some diseases has been highly successful, the efficacy of some vaccines
      is far from adequate. Basic immunological research has identified many factors
      which control the development and operation of the immune system of vertebrate
      animals; application of this information to the development and practical use of
      vaccines for humans may eventually benefit this general approach to the control
      of infectious disease.

PMID- 1087152
TI  - Immunological aspects of cancer.
AB  - Immunology occupies a central role in the area of cancer, both in research and
      clinical practice. This article first reviews normal immunity and describes the
      interaction of the cancer cell with cellular and humoral immune mechanisms. Such
      mechanisms play a considerable role in the emergence, proliferation, metastases,
      regression and recurrence of tumours. Immunological investigations are applicable
      to the diagnosis of some forms of cancer, especially leukaemias, lymphomas and
      myelomas as well as analysing the immune status of patients suffering from
      cancer, which give significant guidelines with respect to prognosis. Manipulation
      of immune response in the form of immunotherapy is emerging as an important area
      in cancer therapy.

PMID- 1087153
TI  - Degradation of poly dA by a deoxyribonuclease preparation from a land snail,
      Achatina fulica.

PMID- 1087154
TI  - IgG antilymphocyte antibodies in SLE detected by 125I protein A.
AB  - 125I-labeled protein A was utilized to detect lymphocyte binding of IgG at 37
      degrees C in 50 sera from patients with SLE. IgG binding was partially inhibited
      by preincubation of test cells with immune complexes in 50% of sera. In 10%,
      cytophilic Ig was increased by immune complex preincubation, and in 40% no
      appreciable change was recorded. With purified preparations of T and B cells,
      binding of SLE IgG at 37 degrees C was equal for both cell populations.

PMID- 1087155
TI  - Suppression of autoimmunity in NZB mice with steroid-sensitive X-radiation
      sensitive syngeneic young thymocytes.
AB  - NZB mice spontaneously lose thymic regulatory or suppressor cells and
      subsequently develop autoimmunity and lymphoreticular hyperplasia. Treatment with
      2-week-old syngeneic thymocytes every 2 weeks starting at 4 weeks of age
      suppressed these disease manifestations. The active thymocyte subpopulation was
      found to be sensitive to corticosteroids and X-irradiation.

PMID- 1087156
TI  - Transfer of spleen cells from young to aging NZB X NZW F1 hybrid mice. Effect on
      mortality, antinuclear antibody, and renal disease.
AB  - Multiple injections of spleen cells from young NZB x NZW F1 hybrid mice with a
      mean age of 9 weeks were administered to syngeneic recipients at 10-day intervals
      beginning at 3 months of age. The recipient mice had a dealyed appearance of
      antinuclear antibody, decreased cumulative incidence of antinuclear antibody
      positivity up to 7.3 months of age, lower cumulative mortality up to 8 months of
      age, and a lesser degree of glomerular sclerosis at 8 months of age. By 9 months
      of age no significant differences in these parameters remained. Transferred cells
      were most effective during the 4- to 6-week period immediately following
      initiation of injections. The beneficial effects appeared to reflect an early but
      temporary suppression of the autoimmune process by the transferred lymphoid
      cells.

PMID- 1087157
TI  - An evaluation of the significance of alpha antitrypsin in the antenatal period.

PMID- 1087158
TI  - Stimulation of B-lymphocyte colony formation in vitro by sera from patients with
      leukaemia or lymphoma.
AB  - Studies were made on the effects of 665 sera, from normal donors or patients with
      various diseases, on B-lymphocyte colony formation in agar by mouse spleen cells.
      Undiluted serum from most normal donors inhibited colony formation, but 43-53% of
      sera from patients with histiocytic lymphoma, lymphocytic lymphoma or Hodgkin's
      disease stimulated colony formation, serum activity correlating with the stage of
      the disease. Moderate colony-stimulating activity was observed with serum taken
      from patients with acute lymphoid or myeloid leukaemia following, but not prior
      to, chemotherapy. Colony stimulating activity was not correlated with the blood
      group of serum donors and could not be ascribed to the presence of endotoxin, red
      cells or mouse red cell haemagglutinins in the active sera. Elevated colony
      stimulating activity was not observed in sera from patients with non-neoplastic
      disorders ot haemopoiesis or with diseases of other organ systems.

PMID- 1087159
TI  - The fine structure of pulmonary contusion and the effect of various drugs.
AB  - The results of contusion were examined by electron and light microscopy in the
      lungs of rats. It was found that the results here were very similar to those
      elsewhere in the body, with a few minor modifications due to the unique structure
      of the lung. Densitometry of protein concentration and visual estimation of
      oedema were used to quantitate the effects on the injury. The benzo-pyrone drug
      Venalot had a considerable effect in reducing the protein concentration in the
      air spaces and the interstitial tissue, and of the oedema in the latter. Neither
      the proteinase inhibitor Trasylol nor the pectin-based plasma expander HAS had
      any significant effect on the fine structural alterations of pulmonary contusion.

PMID- 1087160
TI  - Orientation of chromophores in reaction centers of Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.
      Evidence for two absorption bands of the dimeric primary electron donor.
AB  - Chromatophores from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides were oriented by allowing
      aqueous suspensions to dry on glass plates. Orientation of reaction center
      pigments was investigated by studying the linear dichroism of chromatophores in
      which the absorption by antenna bacteriochlorophyll had been attenuated through
      selective oxidation. Alternatively the light-induced absorbance changes, in the
      ranges 550-650 and 700-950nm, were studied in untreated chromatophores. The long
      wave transition moment of reaction center bacteriochlorophyll (P-870) was found
      to be nearly parallel to the plane of the membrane, whereas the long wave
      transition moments of bacteriopheophytin are polarized out of this plane. For
      light-induced changes the linear dichroic ratios, defined as deltaav/deltaah, are
      nearly the same for untreated and for oxidized chromatophores. Typical values are
      1.60 at 870 nm, 0.80 at 810nm, 1.20 at 790 nm, 0.70 at 765 nm, 0.30 at 745 nm ,
      and 0.50 at 600 nm. The different values for the absorbance decrease at 810 nm
      (0.80) and the increase at 790 nm (1.20) are incompatible with the hypothesis
      that these changes are due to the blue-shift of a single band. We propose that
      the decreases at 870 and 810 nm reflect bleaching of the two components of a
      bacteriochlorophyll dimer, the "special pair" that shares in the photochemical
      donation of a single electron. The increase at 790 nm then represents the
      appearance of a monomer band in place of the dimer spectrum, as a result of
      electron donation. This hypothesis is consistent with available data on circular
      dichroism. It is confirmed by the presence of a shoulder at 810 nm in the
      absorption spectrum of reaction centers at low temperature; this band disappears
      upon photooxidation of the reaction centers. For the changes near 760 nm,
      associated with bacteriopheophytin, the polarization and the shape of the "light
      dark" difference spectrum (identical to the first derivative of the absorption
      spectrum) show that the 760 nm band undergoes a light-induced shift to greater
      wavelengths.

PMID- 1087161
TI  - The abnormality of the S variant of human alpha-1-antitrypsin.

PMID- 1087162
TI  - The interaction of alpha-1-antitrypsin with soluble and sepharose-bound elastase.
AB  - The products resulting from the interaction of alpha-1-antitrypsin with elastase
      were examined with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence and absence
      of sodium dodecyl sulfate, and by affinity chromatography. Five products of the
      reaction can be identified by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. Two
      products are complexes between alpha-1-antitrypsin and elastase (73 800 and 58
      300 daltons). Two additional products are identical to fragments of alpha-1
      antitrypsin which can be washed from a column of Sepharose-bound elastase
      immediately after alpha-1-antitrypsin is applied to the column. The larger
      component about 50 000 daltons, reacts with antiserum to alpha-1-antitrypsin, and
      does not inhibit enzymes. Together, these two products have an amino acid
      analysis similar to alpha-1-antitrypsin. These two fragments are probably
      hydrolytic products of the interaction of elastase with alpha-1-antitrypsin which
      is biologically inactive. The fifth product is probably a fragment of alpha-1
      antitrypsin missing from the low molecular weight complex. The components of the
      complexes can be separated from each other by a mild nucleophilic attack. Small
      quantities of alpha-1-antitrypsin can be displaced from the elastase affinity
      column by phenyl methane sulfonyl fluoride. In conclusion, porcine pancreatic
      elastase forms two complexes with alpha-1-antitrypsin. One or both complexes can
      be split by alkali.

PMID- 1087164
TI  - Analogy tests and psychopathology at follow-up after open heart surgery.
AB  - A study of 100 coronary bypass and cardiac valvular surgery patients investigated
      whether preoperative brain damage, as measured by the Conceptual Level Analogy
      Test (CLAT), is a major risk factor for postoperative psychiatric symptoms and
      mortality. Three cognitive psychological tests, including the CLAT, and
      psychatric interviews were given preoperatively, postoperatively, and at 18-month
      follow-up. Surgical outcome was specified as: Catastrophic Outcome (death or
      severe stroke), Psychiatric Complications, or Good Outcome (survival with no
      psychiatric complications). Inhospital outcome related significantly to analogy
      test scores, as did both surgical procedure and diagnosis of rheumatic heart
      disease. However, long-term outcome was unrelated to medical diagnosis and only
      weakly related to surgical procedure, but highly significantly related to
      preoperative analogy scores. The CLAT was a more consistent predictor of both
      short- and long-term outcome than any of the other ten variables considered
      (medical and surgical variables, inhospital outcome, demographic measures, other
      psychological tests).

PMID- 1087163
TI  - Effect of furosemide on unidirectional fluxes of sodium and chloride across the
      skin of the frog, Rana pipiens.
AB  - 1. The diuretic furosemide, when added to the outside solution at a concentration
      of 5-10-4 M, increases the electrical potential difference (PD) across the
      isolated frog skin, but the short-circuit current (Isc) is unchanged. Lower
      concentrations had no significant effect on these electrical parameters. 2. When
      SO42- or NO3- are substituted for Cl- in the Ringer's solution furosemide has no
      effect on the PD or Isc. 3. Simultaneous unidirectional fluxes of Na+ and Cl-
      show that furosemide (5-10-4 M outside) reduces both the influx and outflux of Cl
      , while the Na+ fluxes are not altered. 4. Furosemide (5-10-4 M) on the corium
      side of the frog skin had no significant effect on either PD, Isc or
      undirectional fluxes of Cl-. 5. It is suggested that furosemide reduces passive
      Cl- transfer, possibly by interacting with the Cl-/Cl- exchange diffusion
      mechanism which has been observed in this tissue. These observations further
      suggest that perhaps the diuretic action of furosemide may be mediated by such an
      effect on passive Cl- permeability which is linked to the active Cl- transport
      mechanism in the renal tubule.

PMID- 1087165
TI  - Vestibular dysfunction in emotionally disturbed children.
AB  - Twenty-five emotionally disturbed children were tested on the Lafayette Clinic
      Cognitive Perceptual Motor (CPM) battery. The children were next examined for
      vestibular function by measuring ocular nystagmus for three different rotation
      rates. Under conditions of eye closure, children found to have two or more marked
      CPM deficits demonstrated a significantly reduced amplitude of postrotatory
      nystagmus as compared to CPM nondeficit children, and for the slowest rate of
      rotation (30 degrees/sec), a significantly decreased duration of nystagmus.

PMID- 1087166
TI  - The action of various sera on colony formation and DNA synthesis of murine
      thymocytes in culture.
AB  - Murine thymus cells were caltivated up to 10 days in a semi-solid medium. Both
      macroscopically visible colonies and DNA synthesis (identified by 3H-thymidine
      incorporation) were counted with and without added sera. According to their
      origins the sera exerted different modifications of the cultivated cells
      behaviour. Changes of colony number and of thymidine incorporation were quite
      independent on each other.

PMID- 1087167
TI  - An animal model for the study of human alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - Turkeys with "round heart disease" often have a deficiency in alpha1 globulin.
      Within their liver cells, PAS +, diastase resistant granules are present, and are
      remarkably similar to those of persons with inherited AAT deficiency. The
      electrophoretic patterns made according Fagerhol's method showed differences
      between the serum of healthy birds and the turkeys suffering from "round heart
      disease".

PMID- 1087168
TI  - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a study of 25 cases by scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Cells from 25 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were studied under the
      scanning electron microscope (SEM). In 24 of the cases, the vast majority of
      circulating leukaemic cells had few microvilli. Villous cells were rarely
      encountered and prominent ridge-like profiles and ruffled membranes were not
      seen. Only six cases were studied by immunological techniques and four of the
      cases were of the null type while in two the cells bore detectable T-markers. It
      seems that ALL is almost always associated with the presence of cells with few
      microvilli in the peripheral circulation, differing in this respect from most
      cases of CLL. Although circulating leukaemic lymphocytes with few microvilli are
      sometimes seen in CLL, the most frequent cell type encountered is a more villous
      lymphocyte. Differences between leukaemic cells from patients with ALL, CLL and
      non-lymphoblastic leukaemias are discussed. It appears that SEM may help to
      distinguish lymphoblastic and nonlymphoblastic leukaemic cells in many instances
      and can be used as a useful adjunct to other modes of microscopy in the diagnosis
      of acute leukaemia.

PMID- 1087169
TI  - The small bowel enema:  description and experience of a technique.
AB  - A method of examining the small bowel, involving duodenal intubation is
      described. Good visualization of all parts of the small bowel is obtained using
      an air-barium double contrast technique. The technique is compared and contrasted
      with the more conventional methods of small bowel examination, and its advantages
      and disadvantages discussed. The authors relate their experience with the
      technique, indicating the abnormalities which can be shown, and list the type of
      clinical problems where the technique may be most usefully employed.

PMID- 1087170
TI  - Lymphocytic infiltration of the brain in sleeping sickness.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells from 40 patients with advanced Gambian
      sleeping sickness were examined for intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin and for B-
      and T-lymphocyte markers. About 5% of mononuclear cells were plasma cells. Most
      of the lymphocytes present were B cells. These findings suggest that the
      considerable lymphocytic infiltration of the nervous system seen in advanced
      sleeping sickness is not a cell-mediated immune reaction to trypanosomes. Immune
      complexes may play a part in producing the brain damage characteristic of this
      disease.

PMID- 1087171
TI  - Dual B and T markers on lymphocytes in fulminant nodular lymphoma.

PMID- 1087172
TI  - T-cell leukaemia in a young boy presenting with central nervous system symptoms.

PMID- 1087173
TI  - D-penicillamine in palindromic rheumatism.

PMID- 1087174
TI  - Acute epiglottiditis in an adult.

PMID- 1087175
TI  - Thoracic duct cannulation for bleeding oesophageal varices.

PMID- 1087176
TI  - Cardiac surgery in Wessex: review of 1000 consecutive open-heart procedures.

PMID- 1087177
TI  - Effects of bilateral flocculectomy on the vestibulo-ocular reflex in the
      chinchilla.

PMID- 1087178
TI  - Separation of mononuclear leukocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from equine
      blood.
AB  - The present study describes a two step technique for the separation of
      mononuclear leukocytes or mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from whole
      equine blood. First, the leukocyte rich plasma was obtained by sedimentation of
      erythrocytes in the undiluted blood. Subsequently, separation of the different
      populations of white blood cells was performed by centrifugation with different
      gradients overlaid with the leukocyte rich plasma. The optimal separation of the
      mononuclear cells was obtained by the centrifugation of the leukocyte rich plasma
      overlaying the gradient containing 24 parts of 9.5% ficoll and ten parts of 34%
      isopaque. The mononuclear leukocytes (95% lymphocytes and 5% monocytes) formed a
      monolayer band at the plasma-ficoll-isopaque interface and other blood cells
      migrated to the bottom of the tube. For the separation of mononuclear and
      granular leukocytes from the blood, the gradient containing 24 parts of 10%
      ficoll and ten parts of 34% isopaque was used. The separated monuclear leukocytes
      responded to stimulation with phytohemagglutin and viability of both mononuclear
      and polymorphonuclear leukocytes was not affected by ficoll-isopaque separation.

PMID- 1087179
TI  - Clinical description and roentgenologic evaluation of patients with Friedreich's
      ataxia.
AB  - The 50 patients in this survey were classified by a panel of neurologists into 4
      clinical sub-groups: Group Ia ("typical" Friedreich's ataxia, complete picture),
      Group Ib ("typical" Friedreich's ataxia, incomplete picture), Group IIa
      ("atypical" Frriedreich's ataxia, possible recessive Roussy-Levy syndrome), Group
      IIb (heterogeneous ataxias). The clinical symptoms and signs were analyzed for
      each of these groups. A constellation of signs constantly present in Friedreich's
      ataxia and obligatory for diagnosis was described. Other important symptoms, such
      as the Babinski sign, kyphoscoliosis and pes cavus were found to be progressive,
      but not essential for the diagnosis  at any given time. Finally, a host of other
      symptoms can only be called accessory. The progression of scoliosis was found to
      be an important tool in the differential diagnosis of ataxias. Our study also
      indicates, in contrast to the opinion of some authors, that absent deep tendon
      reflexes in the lower limbs and early dysarthria are essential in "typical"
      Friedreich's ataxia.

PMID- 1087180
TI  - The reversal of methotrexate cytotoxicity to mouse bone marrow cells by
      leucovorin and nucleosides.
AB  - The cytotoxic effect of methotrexate (MTX) for mouse bone marrow cells has been
      studied by in vitro of the granulocyte precursor cell (CFU-C) in a medium
      containing dialyzed fetal calf serum and dialyzed L-cell supernatant. The
      formation of 50-cell colonies was inhibited to 50% of control by 10(-8) M MTX.
      Further increases in MTX concentration rapidly abolished colony formation by CFU
      C. The potential of leucovorin and nucleosides to rescue the CFU-C from MTX
      toxicity was studied. Toxicity of 10(-7) M MTX was completely reversed by
      equimolar concentrations of leucovorin, but with higher MTX concentrations,
      relatively more leucovorin was required. While 10(-5) M MTX was rescued by 10(-3)
      M leucovorin, rescue of the toxic effect of 10(-4) M MTX by 10(-3) M leucovorin
      was not observed. In contrast to the rescue by Leucovorin, toxicity of all MTX
      concentrations up to 10(-4) M was completely prevented by 10(-5) M thymidine with
      10(-5) M adenosine, inosine, or hypoxanthine. Single nucleosides or thymidine
      with guanosine were ineffective, as were lower concentrations (less than or equal
      to 10(-6)M) of the effective combinations. Thus, while leucovorin reversed the
      MTX toxicity to CFU-C competitively, rescue by nucleosides was noncompetitive.
      The significance and possible usefulness of these findings for chemotherapeutic
      protocols are discussed.

PMID- 1087181
TI  - The stimulation by methotrexate of human chorionic gonadotropin and placental
      alkaline phosphatase in cultured choriocarcinoma cells.
AB  - Treatment of the BeWo line of choriocarcinoma cells with methotrexate in doses
      that inhibit DNA synthesis causes a tenfold increase in synthesis of human
      chorionic gonadotropin and a threefold increase in activity of placental alkaline
      phosphatase. No concomitant increase in lactic dehydrogenase activity occurs
      under these conditions. This effect of methotrexate can be blocked by
      simultaneous addition of thymidine or folinic acid, neither of which alone
      increases human chorionic gonadotropin synthesis or placental alkaline
      phosphatase activity in BeWo cells.

PMID- 1087182
TI  - Biochemical and pharmacokinetic effects of leucovorin after high-dose
      methotrexate in a murine leukemia model.
AB  - The administration of calcium leucovorin, either concurrently or after high
      dosages of methotrexate in L1210 leukemic mice, has both pharmacokinetic and
      biochemical effects in tumor cells and drug-limiting proliferative  normal tissue
      in small intestine. A reduction in the maximal level of accumulation and
      retention of exchangeable drug (unbound to dihydrofolate reductase) in tissue
      could be demonstrated when calcium leucovorin was given simultaneously with
      methotrexate at equal or greater dosages than the latter. The dose dependence for
      calcium leucovorin-introduced drug loss is similar in both tissues and showed the
      expected variation when the time interval between methotrexate and calcium
      leucovorin doses was increased. With 400 mg methotrexate per kg, greater than 96
      mg calcium leucovorin per kg were required maximally to affect overall drug
      retention in tissue 2 hr after drug, whereas only 24 mg calcium leucovorin per kg
      were required 16 hr after drug. Calcium leucovorin, given after methotrexate,
      induced synchronous recovery of DNA synthesis (measured by labeled deoxyruridine
      incorporation) in both small intestine and L1210 cells. An initial cycle of
      synthesis was induced in the presence of exchangeable levels of drug. Two hr
      after methotrexate, 12 mg/kg, calcium leucovorin induced an immediate but only
      partial (20 to 25% of control rate) recovery of synthesis with dose dependence
      from 3 to 12 mg calcium leucovorin per kg. Less synthesis was induced after 96
      mg/kg and almost none after methotrexate, 400 mg/kg. With calcium leucovorin, 24
      mg/kg, given 2 hr after methotrexate, 12 or 96 mg/kg, a major cycle of synthesis
      occurred when total drug levels approached the equivalence of the dihydrofolate
      reductase content. The magnitude of this cycle of synthesis in both L1210 cells
      and small intestine was the same as that seen in animals recovering from
      methotrexate alone. However, this is based on the assumption that an
      approximately equivalent relationship between DNA synthesis and labeled
      doexyuridine incorporation in each tissue during the period of maximal
      incorporation within the cycle. The major effect of calcium leucovorin, then, was
      to induce an earlier resumption of DNA synthesis as a consequence of the
      pharmacokinetic effect in each tissue. With calcium leucovorin, 24 or 400 mg/kg,
      given 16 hr after methotrexate, an identical effect on drug retention was
      observed in both L1210 cells and small intestine. Although there was a difference
      in the time course for recovery in small intestine at each dosage of calcium
      leucovorin, the recovery of DNA synthesis as drug levels approached the
      dihydrofolate reductase content was similar in magnitude. In L1210 cells,
      however, substantial recovery of synthesis to a comparable level and with a
      similar time-course occurred only after leucovorin, 400 mg/kg. Little or no
      recovery of DNA synthesis was observed after calcium leucovorin, 24 mg/kg, during
      the same time period. This dosage schedule (methotrexate, 400 mg/kg, s.c...

PMID- 1087183
TI  - Identification of the epidermal "Stiftchenzellen" of frog tadpoles by electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Differentiated surface epidermal cells observed in the skin of tadpoles of Rana
      temporaria by electron microscopy have been identified with the Stiftchenzellen
      originally described by Kolliker in 1885. The cells have apical microvilli or a
      single apical projection and appear to have synaptic associations with nerve
      fibres in the epidermis. The distribution, dimensions and structure of the cells
      are in agreement with descriptions from le cells are sensory in nature. In
      addition, there are fine structural resemblances to the gustatory cells of fish
      and of amphibians which suggest that the Stiftchenzellen are chemoreceptors.

PMID- 1087184
TI  - [Adaptation of the vestibular apparatus from the aspect of practical
      utilization].

PMID- 1087185
TI  - [Simple closed irrigation circuit for caloric stimulation of the vestibular
      apparatus].

PMID- 1087186
TI  - [Vascular complications in multiple cartilaginous exostoses (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087187
TI  - Atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries in five towns. Material and
      methods.
AB  - This chapter outlines the way in which the problems of obtaining and assessing
      population-related material and analysing the data were tackled. Some of the
      limits of the approach used, namely, the examination of nearly all deaths from
      several demographically defined communities, are discussed.

PMID- 1087188
TI  - Atherosclerosis of the aorta in five towns.
AB  - Fatty streak was always present in both the thoracic aorta and the abdominal
      aorta in the youngest subjects studied (aged 10-14 years). Fibrous plaque was
      present in a small proportion of these young subjects, but a rapid increase in
      prevalence occurred as early as the fourth decade. Complicated and calcified
      lesions appeared as early as the age of 20-25 years but a rapid increase in
      prevalence was seen after age 40 for complicated lesions and after age 50 for
      calcified lesions. There were differences in the prevalence of severe lesions
      among the five towns. There was little increase in the extent of atherosclerosis
      in the thoracic aorta before the age of 40 and in the abdominal aorta before the
      age of 20. The increase was more rapid after those ages. When atherosclerosis had
      affected about 50% of the intimal surface of the thoracic aorta and 70% of the
      intimal surface of the abdominal aorta, the increase slowed down considerably. In
      contrast to other types of lesion, the extent of fatty streak increased only up
      to 30 years of age, when it occupied 25-30% of the intimal surface. Then it
      declined and in the older age groups did not exceed 4-5% in men or women. The
      extent of fibrous plaque and complicated lesions was at all ages greater in men
      than in women, while the extent of fatty streak and calcified lesions in older
      age groups was greater in women. There were marked differences in the extent of
      atherosclerotic lesions in the five towns.

PMID- 1087189
TI  - Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries in five towns.
AB  - Two atherosclerotic lesions (fatty streak and fibrous plaque) were seen in
      coronary arteries as early as in the 10-14 age group. Then their frequency
      increased with age, more rapidly in the left anterior descending coronary artery
      than in the left circumflex artery. After the age of 55 years fatty streak was
      still the sole type of lesion in 0.3% of men and an even higher proportion of
      women. In contrast to the findings in the aorta, the mean extent of fatty streak
      in the average coronary artery did not exceed 3-4% in all age groups. Fibrous
      plaque was found in over 90% of men over 40 and women over 50 years of age. The
      extent of fibrous plaque was greatest by about the age of 65 years in both sexes
      and showed little change thereafter. The first complicated and calcified lesions
      appeared in a small proportion of subjects after the age of 20. The frequency of
      complicated lesions did not exceed 50%, being much lower than that of calcified
      lesions. Complicated lesions occupied a very small area (mean extent 0.6% in men
      and 0.3% in women); the extent of calcified lesions in older age groups reached 9
      10% of the intimal surface in both sexes. Coronary stenosis appeared after age 20
      years in men and 10 years later in women, and its frequency increased with age.
      There were considerable inter-town differences in the prevalence and extent of
      atherosclerotic lesions.

PMID- 1087190
TI  - High and low atherosclerosis groups.
AB  - Aortic and coronary atherosclerosis were studied in two groups, the "high
      atherosclerosis group" and the "low atherosclerosis group". The latter may be
      considered as showing basic levels of atherosclerosis in the different
      communities. The development of lesions in the two groups occurred in parallel,
      but earlier in the high group. Sex differences in the two groups were similar to
      those in the whole material. Generally speaking, inter-town comparisons were
      similar in each group and similar to those for deaths from all causes, a notable
      exception being the prevalence of coronary stenosis. The findings indicate that
      the groups can be used as reference groups, but only for material drawn from the
      same source.

PMID- 1087191
TI  - Atherosclerosis and sudden death.
AB  - The prevalence of complicated and calcified lesions and coronary stenosis, the
      mean heart weight, and the extent of atherosclerosis in the aorta and coronary
      arteries were greater in the "sudden heart death" group than in the high
      atherosclerosis group. In the "other sudden death" group, which included sudden
      deaths without myocardial infarction or coronary occlusion, all the above
      variables, except heart weight, were found to be lower than in the low
      atherosclerosis group and were close to those in the standardized average
      atherosclerosis group. The mean heart weight in the "other sudden death" group
      was lower than in the "sudden heart death" group but significantly higher than in
      the three reference atherosclerosis groups.

PMID- 1087192
TI  - Atherosclerosis in relation to cholelithiasis and cholesterolosis.
AB  - The frequency of cholelithiasis and cholesterolosis was remarkably similar in
      Prague and Malmo subjects. When the possible effects of associated hypertension
      or diabetes mellitus were taken into account, subjects with cholelithiasis showed
      the same extent of raised and calcified lesions of the coronary arteries, the
      same prevalence of large myocardial scars, and the same distribution of heart
      weight as subjects without cholelithiasis. In general, they showed rather fewer
      raised and calcified lesions of the aorta, less coronary stenosis, and fewer
      fresh myocardial infarctions than subjects without cholelithiasis. Subjects with
      cholesterolosis were similar to those without this condition in respect of raised
      lesions of the aorta and coronary arteries. Men with cholesterolosis had slightly
      more aortic calcification and slightly less coronary calcification. Women with
      cholesterolosis had slightly less coronary stenosis than those without
      cholesterolosis. There was a slight tendency for those with cholesterolosis to
      show an increased frequency of fresh myocardial infarction and large myocardial
      scars and to have a higher heart weight.

PMID- 1087193
TI  - Atherosclerosis and hypertension.
AB  - Autopsy studies of atherosclerosis of the aorta and the coronary arteries were
      carried out in 3134 subjects with essential hypertension. A comparison was made
      with low, average, and high atherosclerosis groups. Essential hypertension was
      found to accelerate the development of all types of aortic lesion, except fatty
      streak, as compared with the standardized average atherosclerosis group, and to
      accelerate the development of fibrous plaque but not complicated and calcified
      lesions as compared with the high atherosclerosis group. The extent of fibrous
      plaque in the coronary arteries was greater in the essential hypertension group
      than in the low and standardized average atherosclerosis groups but did not
      differ from that in the high atherosclerosis group. The extent of complicated and
      calcified lesions and the prevalence of coronary stenosis were higher in the high
      atherosclerosis group than in cases of hypertension. Geographical differences in
      atherosclerosis among hypertensives in different towns reflected the findings for
      the whole material. Symptomatic hypertension was found to accelerate aortic
      atherosclerosis at least to the same extent as essential hypertension. It was
      conductive to coronary atherosclerosis but not to the same extent as essential
      hypertension. Coronary stenosis and various manifestations of coronary heart
      disease were rare in symptomatic hypertension.

PMID- 1087194
TI  - Atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Diabetes mellitus occurred most frequently in Prague (8.4%) and Malmo (8.6%), and
      less often in Tallin (3.4%), Yalta (3.3%), and Ryazan (2.1%), these differences
      not being connected with differences in age distribution. The extent of raised
      and calcified lesions in the coronary arteries and calcified lesions in the aorta
      in the pure diabetes group was similar to that in the high atherosclerosis group
      and significantly higher than in the standardized average atherosclerosis group.
      Raised and calcified lesions in the aorta and raised lesions in the coronary
      arteries were more extensive in the diabetes group than in the high
      atherosclerosis group. In all diabetes groups, stenosis of the coronary arteries
      and myocardial lesions occurred much more frequently than in the average
      atherosclerosis group but were less common than in the high atherosclerosis
      group. Coronary thrombosis also occurred more frequently in the high
      atherosclerosis group. Diabetes per se and hypertension were found to have
      approximately the same effect on the development of atherosclerosis, but
      hypertension had a greater effect than diabetes on the development of aortic
      atherosclerosis. There were no significant differences in the frequency of
      coronary stenosis and myocardial lesions in diabetics and hypertensives.
      Diabetics of more than 10 years' standing generally showed more coronary but not
      more aortic atherosclerosis than those who had had diabetes for less than 10
      years. In insulin-treated diabetics coronary atherosclerosis tended to be more
      extensive than in those treated by diet or by tablets, but there was no
      difference in the frequency of coronary stenosis and thrombosis and myocardial
      and cerebrovascular lesions.

PMID- 1087195
TI  - Atherosclerosis and malignant tumours.
AB  - Aortic and coronary atherosclerosis were studied in subjects with a malignant
      disease and compared with those in the three atherosclerosis reference groups. In
      general, subjects with a malignant disease had little atherosclerosis, except for
      men with lung or prostatic cancer; in particular, men with lung cancer tended to
      have more extensive aortic atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis was less extensive in
      subjects with tumours specific to females. The ratios between the different types
      of lesions was preserved and the change was therefore quantitative rather than
      qualitative. No proof of a real negative influence on atherosclerosis by
      malignant diseases was found but wasting could be one factor influencing the
      development of atherosclerosis in tumour subjects. Such subjects, except those
      with lung and prostatic cancer, could have been included in the low
      atherosclerosis group which was an index of the mean basic level of
      atherosclerosis in the populations studied.

PMID- 1087196
TI  - Atherosclerosis and rheumatic heart disease.
AB  - The extent of aortic atherosclerosis in subjects with rheumatic heart diseases
      was similar to that in the standardized average atherosclerosis group of
      subjects. The extent of coronary atherosclerosis, particularly in men, was
      similar to that in the low atherosclerosis group. In the aorta, this finding was
      accounted for by the greater extent of complicated and raised lesions; in the
      coronary arteries, it was accounted for by the lesser extent of fibrous plaque.
      Coronary stenosis, fresh myocardial infarction, and large myocardial scar
      occurred much less frequently in rheumatic subjects than in the high
      atherosclerosis group. There was no difference in the frequency of stenosis
      between the rheumatic and low atherosclerosis groups.

PMID- 1087197
TI  - Atherosclerosis and cirrhosis of the liver.
AB  - Atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries and myocardial infarction were
      studied post mortem in 390 males and 190 female cirrhotic subjects in the 5
      towns. Comparison with the reference groups revealed that calcification of the
      aorta and coronary arteries was more frequent (in the case of males) and more
      extensive (in the case of males and females) in cirrhotics than in noncirrhotics.
      Raised and complicated lesions were not increased. Coronary stenosis (in
      females), fresh myocardial infarction (in both sexes), and large myocardial scar
      (in both sexes) were less frequent in cirrhotics. "Obesity" was similar in
      cirrhotics and non-cirrhotics.

PMID- 1087198
TI  - Atherosclerosis and peptic ulcer.
AB  - Aortic and coronary atherosclerosis and the frequency of coronary stenosis and
      myocardial lesions were studied in subjects with peptic ulcer, in two subgroups
      with acute and chronic peptic ulcer, and in subjects who had undergone a stomach
      operation. In all these respects the groups were similar to each other. Men with
      peptic ulcer had the same amount of aortic atherosclerosis as the standardized
      average coronary atherosclerosis group but less coronary atherosclerosis, while
      women with peptic ulcer had less aortic and much less coronary atherosclerosis.
      The prevalence of coronary stenosis, fresh myocardial infarction, and myocardial
      scar was very low in those with peptic ulcer, especially in women.

PMID- 1087199
TI  - Atherosclerosis in relation to tuberculosis and chronic lung disease.
AB  - The relation between atherosclerosis and tuberculosis and other chronic lung
      diseases was studied in extensive autopsy material. Aortic atherosclerosis in
      subjects with such conditions was generally similar in extent to that in the
      standardized atherosclerosis group and more extensive than that in the low
      atherosclerosis group, while coronary atherosclerosis was less extensive than in
      the standardized average group and, especially in women, approximated to that in
      the low atherosclerosis group. The prevalence of coronary stenosis and myocardial
      lesions was very low in subjects with tuberculosis and other chronic lung
      diseases. The presence of such diseases seemed to increase the development of
      atherosclerosis in the thoracic part of the aorta in relation to the abdominal
      part.

PMID- 1087200
TI  - Atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries in coronary heart disease.
AB  - Aortic and coronary atherosclerosis and the prevalence of coronary stenosis and
      thrombosis were studied in subjects who had died of fresh or recurrent myocardial
      infarction or had suffered from myocardial infarction in the past. In general,
      severe atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries with stenosis and calcification
      was almost a prerequisite for the development of coronary heart disease. The
      frequency of coronary heart disease varied widely both in different countries and
      in different towns in the same country. Considerable variations were found among
      the various towns in the frequency of stenosis and thrombosis in those who had
      died of coronary heart disease. This finding indicates that although
      atherosclerosis is indeed a prerequisite for the development of myocardial
      infarction, other factors may play a significant role in its occurrence. The
      weight of the heart in persons (excluding hypertensives) with coronary stenosis
      or a first fresh myocardial infarction was considerably greater than that in the
      low atherosclerosis group.

PMID- 1087201
TI  - Atherosclerosis and myocardial lesions in subjects dying from fresh
      cerebrovascular disease.
AB  - TAKING INTO ACCOUNT AGE, SEX, GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, OBESITY, AND ASSOCIATED
      CAUSE OF DEATH, IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT: (1) the extent of aortic calcification was
      much lower in cerebral haemorrhage than in cerebral infarct. In deaths due to
      cerebral haemorrhage aortic calcification was at about the same level as in those
      due to cancer of the stomach, while in deaths due to cerebral infarct it was at
      the same level as in those due to coronary heart disease; (2) the prevalence of
      large myocardial scar was low in deaths due to cerebral haemorrhage (at about the
      same level as in those due to prostatic cancer), while in deaths due to cerebral
      infarct it was more frequent (at the same level as in deaths due to diabetes);
      (3) the extent of coronary calcification and prevalence of coronary stenosis and
      fresh myocardial infarction were low in the cerebral haemorrhage and cerebral
      infarct deaths, but a little lower in the former; and (4) the extent of raised
      lesions of the aorta and coronary arteries was similar in the cerebral
      haemorrhage and cerebral infarct deaths, the level of aortic lesions being high
      and overlapping in level with those in the coronary heart disease and
      hypertensive deaths, and the levels of coronary lesions being much lower and well
      below those in the coronary and diabetic hypertensive deaths.

PMID- 1087202
TI  - Aortic, coronary, and myocardial lesions in relation to various factors.
AB  - The relative extent of raised and calcified coronary aortic lesions, prevalence
      of coronary stenosis and of fresh and old myocardial infarction, and mean heart
      weight were expressed on a continuous scale for 4 disease groups (coronary heart
      disease, cerebral infarction/haemorrhage, hypertension/diabetes, cancer). Within
      these groups the relative position for each of the lesions was calculated by
      subgroups of disease in order to show the elevating or depressing effect of
      hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and combinations of disease. The strength of
      association between 33 factors (town 5, disease 24, obesity, heart weight, age,
      and sex) and the lesions was calculated. An analysis of variance was carried out
      and the proportion of the variance of the different lesions accounted for by
      town, disease, etc., is shown. The extent of raised aortic lesions is strongly
      associated with age and hypertension. It is positively associated with coronary
      heart disease and inversely associated with cancer. Town factors have a small
      positive association which is larger than that due to obesity. 33 factors taken
      together account for 50% of the variance. Age alone accounts for 37% and sex for
      only 0.3%. The extent of calcified aortic lesion is strongly associated with age,
      town, hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus. It is inversely
      associated with cancer, more strongly in cancer of the bronchus and the liver
      than in other cancers. It is inversely associated with obesity. 33 factors
      together account for 30% of the variance and age alone accounts for about 13%.
      The extent of raised coronary lesions is strongly associated with age, coronary
      heart disease, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity. It is inversely
      associated with cancer, more strongly in cancer of the prostate and the liver
      than in other cancers. Town factors have a small association. 33 factors taken
      together account for about 43% of the variance. Age alone accounts for 25%. The
      extent of calcified coronary lesions is associated with coronary heart disease
      and age. There is a low association with hypertension and diabetes, an inverse
      association with cancer, and a low inverse association with obesity. 33 factors
      together account for 20% of the variance. Coronary heart disease alone accounts
      for 12% and age alone accounts for 8%. The prevalence of coronary stenosis is
      strongly associated with coronary heart disease, age, and sex. There is a small
      association with town factors, obesity, and hypertension, and an inverse
      association with cancer. All the factors together account for about 30% of the
      variance. Coronary heart disease alone accounts for 23% and age 10%.

PMID- 1087203
TI  - Atherosclerosis and body build.
AB  - In a large autopsy series the relation between various measures of body build and
      aortic and coronary atherosclerosis, coronary stenosis, and myocardial lesions
      was studied. Stature was not associated with any of these variables. Various
      measures of obesity all showed an association between obesity and the above
      mentioned variables. Obese people were found to have more coronary
      atherosclerosis, coronary stenosis, and myocardial lesions than thin people, a
      difference that persisted, in a reduced form, when hypertensives and diabetics
      were excluded. When compared with the standardized average atherosclerosis group
      to exclude the effect of "wasting diseases", and when hypertensives and diabetics
      were excluded, neither the extent of atherosclerotic lesions nor the prevalence
      of coronary stenosis were increased in obese subjects. Obese men but not obese
      women, however, had more myocardial lesions, especially fresh myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1087204
TI  - Atherosclerosis and myocardial disease in relation to physical activity of
      occupation.
AB  - This study supports the data of other authors in finding that the proportional
      mortality of sudden heart death and coronary heart disease is greater in men aged
      40-59 years with sedentary occupations than in those with strenuous occupations.
      Clear evidence was found of an association between the extent of raised coronary
      lesions (mainly fibrous plaque and calcified lesions in the left anterior
      descending coronary artery and complicated lesions in each artery) and inactivity
      of occupation. The evidence for a similar association with the prevalence of
      coronary stenosis, myocardial lesions, and the extent of raised lesions of the
      aorta was suggestive but less clear. There was no evidence of an association
      between the physical activity of occupation and the extent of calcified lesions
      in the aorta or coronary arteries. Prevalence and extent of atherosclerotic and
      myocardial lesions were compared in each of 6 cause of death groups, between
      those who had been in strenuous, medium, and sedentary occupations.

PMID- 1087205
TI  - Alcohol consumption and atherosclerosis.
AB  - A study was made of the material obtained in 737 autopsies carried out on men
      aged 30-69 years (including 88 visitors) who had died in Yalta from various
      diseases, accidents, and violence. Information on the consumption of alcohol was
      obtained by questioning the subjects' near relations, neighbours, and associates,
      as well as from medical records. The most reliable part of this information-the
      average number of days per month on which the subject consumed alcohol-was taken
      as the basic criterion for grouping the observations. People taking alcohol on 16
      or more days per month had more extensive atherosclerotic raised lesions in the
      aorta than those drinking on not more than 3 days per month. This difference was
      most significant in the case of calcified lesions. Fatty streak in the aorta was
      more extensive in the medium group (drinking on 4-15 days per month) than in
      either of the extreme groups. As regards the coronary arteries, a significant
      difference positively associated with alcohol consumption was established only in
      the case of calcification. The few differences concerning myocardial and cerebral
      infarction had a negative association with alcohol consumption.

PMID- 1087206
TI  - Atherosclerosis in smokers.
AB  - Cigarette smoking was found to be associated with an increased extent of raised
      lesions of the aorta and aortic calcification. The apparent association with
      aortic calcification was mainly due to co-existing alcohol consumption. The
      apparent association of smoking with the extent of coronary calcification was
      also related to co-existing alcohol consumption; smoking alone tended to be
      negatively associated with this lesion. There was no clear association between
      smoking and coronary stenosis, myocardial infarction, and heart weight.

PMID- 1087207
TI  - Immunofixation. III. Application to the study of monoclonal proteins.
AB  - We have shown how immunofixation can be successfully used to study proteins
      exhibiting electrophoretic polymorphism. An analogous situation is seen in the
      disorders of the immune system that result in the production of variable
      quantitites of homogeneous immunoglobulins. Immunoelectrophroesis has been
      heavily used--sometimes unsuccessfully because of poor resolution--to study these
      materials. The appearance of a monoclonal immunoglobulin band is identical in
      both immunofixation and standard gel electrophoresis, a feature that allows
      unambiguous identification of a protein as to its heavy-chain class and light
      chain type. Because antigen and antibody are placed in contact almost immediately
      after electrophoresis, interfering diffusion does not occur and even extremely
      small bands can be demonstrated and characterized.

PMID- 1087208
TI  - Separation of different molecular forms of serum alpha-1-antitrypsin.

PMID- 1087209
TI  - Severe combined immunodeficiency with B lymphocytes: in vitro correction of
      defective immunoglobulin production by addition of normal T lymphocytes.
AB  - A 6 1/2-month-old male with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) had a low
      percentage and number of T cells (11%; 241/mm3) and a high percentage and number
      of B cells (52%; 1187/mm3) and null cells (37%; 868/mm3). In vitro studies were
      performed to determine if this child's primary defect involved differentiation of
      both T and B lymphocytes or if failure of B lymphocytes to differentiate into
      immunoglobulin producing cells was secondary to T lymphocyte abnormalities.
      Immunoglobulin production by lymphocytes in response to polyclonal mitogens
      (pokeweed mitogen and foetal calf serum) was measured by pulse-labelling cells
      with 3H-leucine and then precipitating cytoplasmic and secreted immunoglobulins
      with polyvalent anti-human immunoglobulin and S. aureus (Cowan strain I) protein
      A. The patient's lymphocytes did not synthesize immunoglobulins in vitro in
      response to mitogens. They did not suppress synthesis of immunoglobulins by
      normal lymphocytes. However, addition of normal purified T cells, which
      themselves did not synthesize immunoglobulins, enabled the patient's B
      lymphocytes to become immunoglobulin synthesizing and secreting cells. Gamma, mu,
      and light chains were secreted. This suggests that the primary abnormality was in
      the T-cell axis at the level of lymphoid stem cells or prothymocytes and that
      failure of B lymphocytes to become immunoglobulin-producing cells was secondary
      to this defect.

PMID- 1087210
TI  - The effects of purified mitogenic proteins (Pa-1 and Pa-2) from pokeweed on human
      T and B lymphocytes in vitro.
AB  - Purified proteins (Pa-1 and Pa-2) from pokeweed have been compared with
      commercial pokeweed mitogen (PWM-G) and other mitogens in their ability to
      stimulate human lymphocytes. With cultures of T and B cells separated from tonsil
      lymphocytes, thymidine uptake, blast transformation and immunoglobulin (Ig)
      synthesis have been measured. IgM and IgG was measured in supernates of
      stimulated cultures by radioimmunoassay. Pa-1, Pa-2 and PWM-G were found to be
      potent mitogens for unseparated tonsil lymphocytes or nylon column purified T
      cells. Pa-2 was found to be active at lower concentrations than Pa-1, and PWM-G
      was less potent than the purified mitogens. These three mitogens all stimulated
      unseparated lymphocytes to secrete large quantities of Ig (20-100 mug/ml) during
      7 days in culture. With increasing amounts of mitogens severe decreases in
      immunoglobulin synthesis were observed at day 6 even with doses which were still
      optimal for stimulation of thymidine uptake at days 3 and 6. With purified B
      cells (less than 2% T cells) Pa-1 was the best mitogen for thymidine
      incorporation. However, the secretory response was very variable. In some
      experiments B cells did not secrete Ig in response to mitogens; in others Pa-1
      was clearly more effective at stimulating secretion than Pa-2 or PWM-G and in
      some experiments B cells were stimulated by all three. In one experiment Pa-1
      stimulated prolymphocytic leukaemia cells to blast transformation and the
      secretion of IgM. It is concluded that Pa-1, Pa-2 and PWM-G are much better
      activators of Ig synthesis in human cultures than either PHA or LPS and that Pa-1
      is the most reliable B-cell stimulant of the three.

PMID- 1087211
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulation in neoplastic and non-neoplastic thymus and in blood of
      patients with Myasthenia gravis.
AB  - The lymphocyte subpopulations in the thymus and in the blood were investigated in
      ten myasthenic patients who had been thymectomized. Histologically, the thymuses
      tested comprised three cases of thymoma including two cases with malignant
      characteristics, five cases of hyperplastic thymus with lymph follicles and
      germinal centres, and two cases of persistent thymus without lymph follicles.
      Virtually all lymphoid cells in the three thymomas formed spontaneous rosettes
      with sheep red blood cells as did normal thymocytes from non-myasthenic patients.
      There was no significant proportion of immunoglobulin Ig-bearing lymphocytes.
      While the majority consisted of cells forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep red
      blood cells, there was a certain proportion (2-17%) of Ig-bearing lymphocytes in
      four of five hyperplastic thymuses, in one of two persistent thymuses, and in a
      residual atrophic thymus of a thymoma. The myasthenic patients tested were for
      the most part normal, as compared with healthy individuals, in the proportion of
      rosette-forming lymphocytes and Ig-bearing lymphocytes in the blood collected
      immediately before and one to three months after thymectomy. The presence of Ig
      bearing lymphocytes in the thymus was not necessarily related to the appearance
      of circulating antibody to striated muscle. The antibody to striated muscle was
      demonstrated in all myasthenic patients with thymoma.

PMID- 1087212
TI  - Immune status and BCG vaccination in newborns with intra-uterine growth
      retardation.
AB  - In severe intra-uterine growth retardation there are low IgG levels, low numbers
      of B cells and low percentage as well as numbers of T cells in cord blood.
      Following BCG vaccination given soon after birth, Mantoux conversion and
      leucocyte migration inhibition response to BCG was defective.

PMID- 1087213
TI  - Lymphocytotoxins in acute and chronic hepatitis. Characterization and
      relationship to changes in circulating T lymphocytes.
AB  - Serum lymphocytotoxicity (LCT) was detected in 49% of fifty-one patients with
      acute viral hepatitis and 72% of twenty-nine patients with chronic hepatitis. LCT
      was not detected in ten chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen.
      Characterization of LCT revealed it to be active at physiologic temperatures and
      to be reactive against both T and B lymphocytes. The occurrence of LCT was
      transient in acute hepatitis and intermittent in chronic hepatitis. There was a
      significant inverse relationship between the percentage change in LCT over time
      and peripheral blood T-cell proportions amongst the patients studied. These
      findings indicate the importance of liver damage in the appearance of LCT and
      suggest that LCT may contribute to depressed lymphocyte function in liver
      disease.

PMID- 1087214
TI  - Double-stranded DNA-binding capacity of serum in acute and chronic liver disease.
AB  - Serum antibodies to double-stranded 'native' DNA have been measured in acute and
      chronic liver diseases using the Farr technique. Elevated levels of DNA binding
      were found in all groups of patients, with the highest levels in acute viral
      hepatitis and lowest in primary biliary cirrhosis. All patients with hepatitis B
      surface antigen-positive chronic active hepatitis had elevated levels, hence
      persistent elevation of DNA binding after acute type B hepatitis might be an
      unfavourable prognostic marker indicating progression to chronic active
      hepatitis, DNA antibody levels will not offer diagnostic help in liver diseases,
      or help to follow the response of patients with 'lupoid' hepatitis to
      corticosteroid therapy. Production of DNA antibody may be a response to release
      of DNA from damaged hepatocytes.

PMID- 1087215
TI  - A subpopulation of human B lymphocytes that rosette with mouse erythrocytes.
AB  - A proportion of human peripheral blood lymphocytes form rosettes with mouse
      erythrocytes (M-RFC). It is confirmed that the proportion of such rosette-forming
      cells is high in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Analysis of normal
      lymphocyte populations revealed that M-RFC belong to the B-lymphocyte subclass
      exclusively. Analysis of their surface markers showed: (a) complement receptors
      in 50% as compared to 71% of the total B-cell population; (b) a distribution of
      surface immunoglobulins G, A, M and E typical of the lymphocyte sources; (c) lack
      of sheep erythrocyte receptor. No differences in the ratio of M-RFC to total B
      cells was found between lymphocyte population from tonsils, bone marrow and
      peripheral blood although a significantly higher ratio was seen in cord blood and
      in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Investigation of the properties of mouse
      erythrocyte rosette formation revealed the following: (a) incubation of
      lymphocyte mouse erythrocyte mixtures at 37degreesC before centrifugation
      inhibited rosette formation when CLL lymphocytes were used; (b) treatment of
      mouse erythrocytes with neuraminidase or trypsin increased their adhesiveness to
      lymphocytes; (c) treatment of lymphocytes with neuraminidase promoted M-rosette
      formation but trypsin treatment had an inhibitory effect; (d) cyanide and
      fluoride at concentrations which strongly inhibited E-rosette formation had no
      inhibitory effect on M rosettes; (e) M-rosette formation was inhibited by anti
      immunoglobulin serum but not by anti-lymphocyte serum; and (f) M-rosette
      formation was also inhibited by the presence of staphylococci. E-rosette
      formation was unaffected. The nature of the bond in mouse rosettes is discussed
      in the light of these findings. The evidence indicates that the lymphocyte
      receptor may be a part of an immunoglobulin molecule.

PMID- 1087216
TI  - Case report: Histiocytosis X of the lung.

PMID- 1087217
TI  - Clinical reliability of posterior fossa scintigraphy.
AB  - Radioisotope imaging of the brain is considerably less useful in posterior fossa
      lesions than in supratentorial diagnosis, due to the peculiar technical
      difficulties and biological characteristics of infratentorial lesions. Exceptions
      are acoustic neurofibromas and probably meningiomas, which can be reliably
      detected. The importance is stressed of making skull and chest radiographs at the
      time of the examination, in order to enhance the diagnostic accuracy of the
      scintigraphic result.

PMID- 1087218
TI  - Timing of permanent tooth emergence in two Greenland Eskimo populations.
AB  - Mean times of emergence of the permanent teeth (except the first and third molars
      and mandibular central incisors) were studied cross-sectionally in an unmixed
      East Greenland population in 1957 and in present West Greenland Eskimo children.
      In spite of differences in racial and environmental conditions, practically no
      difference was found between the two samples in the timing of dental development
      in general, taking into account the average difference in emergence times of the
      individual teeth. Both samples showed advanced dental development in comparison
      with two unmixed Caucasoid and two unmixed Mongoloid populations. The mutual
      similarity in timing of tooth emergence between the East and West Greenland
      Eskimo children considerably greater than the similarity between each of the
      Eskimo samples and any of the other four populations.

PMID- 1087219
TI  - Effect of various forms of hypertension on the metabolism of aromatic amines,
      blood glucose levels and renal in vitro gluconeogenesis in the rat.

PMID- 1087220
TI  - [Analysis of causes and assessment of therapeutic results in 30 cases of
      temporomandibular joint diseases].

PMID- 1087221
TI  - Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery.
AB  - An anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in a 26
      year-old man was corrected by the ligation of the artery at its anomalous origin,
      followed by the construction of an aortocoronary bypass with a venous graft. The
      flow of blood to the myocardium was measured for the purpose of comparing the
      effect of the bypass method with that of the ligation method. The result
      suggested that the bypass method provided a greater flow of blood to the
      myocardium than did ligation alone.

PMID- 1087222
TI  - [Free and bound aldolase in intact and heat-damaged skeletal muscles].

PMID- 1087223
TI  - [Color vision disorders in school beginners].

PMID- 1087224
TI  - Participation of thyroid D-aspartate oxidase in iodide oxidation and
      incorporation into thyroid proteins.
AB  - It was found that the H2O2 generating system containing D-aspartate oxidase
      isolated from the thyroid gland and D-aspartate, takes part in oxidation of
      iodides. The molecular I2 formed under experimental conditions is subsequently
      incorporated into thyroid proteins. Thiosemicarbazide, thiourea,
      methylthiouracyl, sulphathiazole, thiocyanate and azides were found to have an
      inhibiting effect on iodide oxidation. Methimazole inhibits both the oxidation of
      iodide and incorporation of 131I into protein. The iodide incorporation was
      inhibited by catalase. The findings of these investigations suggest an indirect
      participation of D-aspartate oxidase in the synthesis of the thyroid hormone by
      supplying the essential substrate for the iodide oxidation, H2O2.

PMID- 1087225
TI  - Re-evaluation of the role of aldosterone in mechanism of natriuresis induced by
      extracellular fluid volume expansion.
AB  - Acute experiments were performed in thiobarbiturate (Inactin, PROMONTA)
      anaesthesia in 21 male rats. It was found that the attenuation of the
      antinatriuretic effect of aldosterone by a spironolactone Aldactone (BOEHRINGER)
      in a dose of 10 mg per rat in 1 h i.v. enhanced urine (V) and sodium (UNaV)
      excretion following the extracellular fluid volume expansion (ECFV) with
      intravenous infusion of saline. Max. V = 81.44 +/- +/- 7.46 mul min-1 was
      obtained in Aldactone treated rats as compared to 54.95 + 7.24 mul min-1 in
      controls: UNaV = 9.89 +/- 1.26 muval min-1 vs. 6.17 +/- 0.73 muval min-1,
      respectively. The urinary Na/K ratio was also significantly higher in the same
      samples of Aldactone treated rats (6.15 +/- +/- 1.22 vs. 2.68 +/- 0.19). It is
      concluded that endogenous aldosterone blunts nriuresis induced by the ECFV
      expansion.

PMID- 1087226
TI  - Inactivation of Oxytocin and its analogues by subcellular fractions of hen
      tissues.
AB  - The enzymic inactivation of oxytocin by liver, kidney, uterus and pancreas
      homogenate subcellular fractions of hens was studied. Oxytocin was most rapidly
      degraded by the soluble fraction of tissues examined. All the subcellular
      fractions of liver and kidney inactivated oxytocin, but only the microsomal and
      soluble fractions of uterus and pancreas showed the oxytocin-inactivating
      activity. The location of enzymes inactivating oxytocin in subcellular fractions
      of hen tissues was investigated with the aid of synthetic analogues of oxytocin
      (deamino-oxytocin and deamino-carba1-oxytocin). The carboxamidopeptidase
      activity, hydrolyzing the amide bonds in the linear portion of oxytocin was
      located in the soluble fraction of hen liver, kidney and uterus. No
      carboxamidopeptidase activity in the pancreatic soluble fraction was found. These
      results showed that aminopeptidase activity is bound to heavy subcellular
      particles in the hen tissue. An action of unknown endopeptidases was observed in
      the microsomal fraction of uterus and pancreas.

PMID- 1087227
TI  - Thyroparathyroid conditioning of hydrocortisone and glucagon-induced hypocalcemic
      effect in rats.
AB  - A single dose of 2.5 mg hydrocortisone induced hypocalcemia in both intact and
      parathyroidectomized rats. This effect disappeared in the
      thyroparathyroidectomized group and did not reappear after the substitution with
      parathormone. A single dose of 0.2 mg glucagon produced a significant
      hypocalcemic effect in intact, but not in parathyroidectomized rats. In the
      latter group, however, the hypocalcemic effect of glucagon reappeared after the
      administration of parathormone. It was concluded that the hypocalcemic effect of
      hydrocortisone may be conditioned by the presence of calcitonin secreting thyroid
      and that of glucagon - by the presence of parathyroids.

PMID- 1087228
TI  - Analysis of variables in treatment of anovulation with human gonadotrophins.
AB  - Twenty seven women with anovulation were given 121 courses of gonadotrophins
      monitored by excretion of estrogen and pregnanediol. The FSH, ovulating dosage of
      HCG, time interval between FSH and HCG and subsequent supporting doses of HCG
      were varied in a statistical design. None significantly affected ovulation or
      pregnancy rates. The preparation with an FSH:LH ratio of 1 required a lower
      dosage to initiate an estrogen response than that with a ratio of 5. After
      adjustment it still produced a faster rise in estrogen excretion. The amount of
      estrogen also varied with the time interval between FSH and HCG, the ovulating
      dose of HCG and supporting doses of HCG. The amount of pregnanediol varied with
      the ovulating dose of HCG and the length of the luteal phase varied with the
      ovulating dose of HCG and supporting injections of HCG. The dosage of FSH needed
      to initiate a response increased on average by 8% from one course to the next.
      Simplicity, economy and risk of multiple pregnancy are discussed in relation to
      these variables.

PMID- 1087229
TI  - Plasma oxytocin and oxytocinase levels in third trimester of pregnancy and at
      labour.
AB  - In women during the third trimester of normal pregnancy and at labour the level
      of oxytocin and progesterone in plasma were determined by means of
      radioimmunoassay and the activity of oxytocinase was measured
      spectrophotometrically. The plasma oxytocin levels measured from the 25th week of
      pregnancy showed a gradual increase with the peak values at the 39th and 40th
      week. At labour, the oxytocin values remain at the same level as these found at
      the end of pregnancy. The increase in oxytocin levels at contractions compared to
      its values found between contractions was not statistically significant.
      Oxytocinase levels showed also an ascending character until the 38th week of
      pregnancy. Later, a decrease was found which continued until the termination of
      pregnancy. At labour, there was a decrease in progesterone level in plasma which
      was about at the limit of significance.

PMID- 1087230
TI  - Effect of long-term fluoride administration on thyroid hormones level blood in
      rats.
AB  - The effect of 2 months fluoride administration (0.1 and 1.0 mg daily/rat) on
      thyroxine and triiodothyronine level in blood and T3-resin uptake ratio was
      investigated in rats. In addition, free thyroxine index was calculated from serum
      thyroxine level and T3-resin uptake ratio. It was found that fluoride
      administration caused: 1. decrease in thyroxine and triiodothyronine level in
      plasma; 2. decrease in free thyroxine index values; 3. Increase in T3-resin
      uptake ratio. From these observations as well as from previous experiments it was
      concluded that fluoride given continuously to the rats may influence the thyroid
      gland rather indirectly by changing thyroid hormone transportation in the blood.

PMID- 1087231
TI  - Species specificity of guinea pig erythropoietin.
AB  - Various stimuli (hypoxic hypoxia, bleeding, carbon monoxide hypoxia and cobalt
      administration), well known to increase erythropoietin plasma level in many
      species including man, failed to increase the erythropoietin activity in plasma
      of guinea pigs when measured in the polycythaemic mice assay. Nevertheless, the
      plasma of these guinea pigs stimulated the erythropoiesis in polycythaemic guinea
      pigs which, however, failed to respond to rat erythropoietin. From this it was
      concluded that not only the erythropoietin, but also the erythropoietin
      responsive cells in the bone marrow of guinea pigs are species specific.
      Bilateral nephrectomy in guinea pigs exposed to hypoxia prevented the increase in
      the erythropoietin plasma level, thus suggesting that, similarly as in other
      species, also in guinea pigs the kidney is the main organ of erythropoietin
      elaboration. The species specificity of guinea pig erythropoietin -
      erythropoiesis system is an interesting exception among mammals, since the
      erythropoietin of a large number of species belonging to this class was
      demonstrated to lack species specificity.

PMID- 1087232
TI  - Influence of different cytotoxic drugs on T and B lymphocytes in children with
      all during remission maintenance therapy.
AB  - The influence of four different cytotoxic drugs (MTX, CYC, 6MP, and ARA-C) on T,
      B, and O-lymphocytes was investigated in 20 children with ALL in complete
      remission during cyclic remission maintenance therapy. Each of the four drugs
      causes a marked reduction of the absolute number of T and B cells whereas the
      relative number lies within the normal range with the exception of CYC, which
      leads to a depression of the percentage of both T and B cells. The percentage of
      O cells is markedly increased by CYC and slightly increased by MTX, 6MP, and ARA
      C. The data are interpreted with care since the function of the immune system and
      especially tumor rejection depends on the interaction between the different
      lymphocyte subpopulations.

PMID- 1087233
TI  - "Early T cells" and "late T cells"; suggestive evidence for two T cell lineages
      with separate developmental pathways.
AB  - Peripheral lymphocytes from mice have been analyzed by a combination of cell
      electrophoresis and size distribution analysis and the data have been processed
      with a computer into two-dimensional distribution patterns (fingerprints). The
      fingerprints of lymph node cells revealed the existence of at least three major
      classes of small lymphocytes. Cells with similar physical properties were found
      in the spleen and thoracic duct lymph. The data also allowed calculation of the
      quantitative ratios of the three cell types. In the normal mouse, the two
      electrophoretically faster cell classes represent essentially two subclasses of T
      cells. The quantitative ratios are here always in agreement with the known
      percentages of B and T cells. Lethally irradiated mice that have been
      reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow or fetal liver cells often lack one of
      the T cell subclasses. This has two important implications. 1) It indicates that
      the widely used syngeneic or allogeneic bone marrow chimeras may be incomplete in
      respect to their T cell repertoire and that experiments with these models should
      be interpreted with caution. 2) The deficiency was found to correlate strictly
      with a deficiency in a physically defined subset of small cortical thymocytes
      that has been described previously. This correlation suggests strongly that the
      fast peripheral T cells and the "early small cortical thymocytes" represent two
      developmental stages of a distinct cell lineage ("early T cell lineage"), while
      the thymic pool of "late small cortical thymocytes" gives rise to
      electrophoretically slow peripheral T cells, which may be called "late T cells).
      The possibility that both T cell lineages are derived from different classes of
      prethymic stem cells in the reconstitlting stem cell preparation is discussed.
      The proportion of "early T cells" in the lymph nodes decreases with age. The
      ratio of "late" and "early T cells" is similar in the spleen and in the lymph
      nodes, and both cell classes contain a significant proportion of cells that are
      not affected by the early effects of adult thymectomy. Thus, they do not
      correspond to T1 and T2 cells.

PMID- 1087234
TI  - Immune conservation: a possible consequence of the mechanism of interferon
      induced antibody suppression.
AB  - The effect of interferon preparations on the development of single clones of
      antibody-forming cells generated against sheep red blood cells in mouse spleen
      cell cultures has been studied. It was found that the presence of interferon had
      no effect on either the number or the size of clones which developed early in the
      in vitro antibody response. At the peak of the response (day 3), a decrease in
      the number but not in the size of clones was observed in interferon-treated
      compared to control cultures, while by day 4 both the size and number of clones
      were significantly decreased. These findings indicate that interferon appears to
      affect only nonactivated B cell precursors by preventing them from becoming
      activated and commencing clonal expansion. Early responding precursors, which are
      in cell cycle, presumably having been previously activated in vivo, are
      refractory to interferon-induced suppression in vitro. The way in which this
      immunosuppressive activity of interferon might be of great advantage to an animal
      as a means of "immune conservation" during viral infections is discussed.

PMID- 1087235
TI  - Surface molecules of cultured human lymphoid cells.
AB  - Cell surface molecules of cultured human lymphoid cells were selectively labeled
      by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination and examined by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Two major iodinated
      species with apparent mol. wts. of 27 000 and 35 000 daltons were detected on
      autoradiographs of the labeled proteins of human lymphoid cell lines believed to
      be of thymus-independent (B) cell origin. Neither molecule was detected on
      putative thymus-dependent (T) lymphoid cell lines. Metabolic labeling studies
      showed that both molecules are glycoproteins. Rabbit antisera against cultured B
      lymphoid cells made specific by absorption for B cells reacted with several
      labeled species from iodinated B cells including the 27 000 and 35 000 mol. wt.
      glycoproteins. These molecules were also detected on tonsillar lymphocytes but
      not on peripheral blood lymphocytes. Reciprocal absorption with B cells of rabbit
      antisera against cultured T cells gave antisera specifically cytotoxic for T
      cells. However, these sera did not precipitate iodinated proteins from Nonidet P
      40 lysates of T cells.

PMID- 1087236
TI  - Immune response of New Zealand mice to trinitrophenylated syngeneic mouse red
      cells.
AB  - NZB and NZB/W mice have reduced anti-sheep red cell (SRC) and 2,4,6
      trinitrophenyl-plaque-froming cell (TNP-PFC) responses with age after injection
      of either the thymus-dependent antigen TNP-SRC or the thymus-independent antigen
      TNP-mouse red cells (MRC). However, the thymus-dependent response diminished much
      faster than the thymus-independent response. As a consequence, young New Zealand
      mice have a higher anti-TNP response after injection of TNP-SRC than after
      injection of TNP-MRC, while old New Zealand mice have a higher anti-TNP response
      after injection of TNP-MRC than after injection of TNP-SRC. The PFC avidity of
      NZB/W mice injected with TNP-SRC diminished with age, while the PFC avidity of
      mice injected with TNP-MRC did not change with agrc or TNP-SRC. Old NZB/W mice
      had few spontaneous anti-MRC-PFC. The number of anti-MRC PFC in old mice was
      increased 4 to 10 times after injection with either TNP-SRC or TNP-MRC. It is
      suggested that surveillance mechanisms are responsible for suppressing the
      autoimmune response to modified self-antigens. The unregulated immune system of
      NZB and NZB/W mice appears to be an expression of impairment of such a
      hypothetical surveillance mechanism.

PMID- 1087237
TI  - In vivo sensitization of T cells to hapten-conjugated syngeneic structures of
      major histocompatibility complex. I. Effect of in vitro culture upon generation
      of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
AB  - Murine T cells were sensitized in vitro towards fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)
      conjugated syngeneic spleen cells. The lytic activity of the effector cells
      generated was restricted to FITC-conjugated, H-2-compatible target cells. 2,4,6
      Trinitrophenyl (TNP)-conjugated syngeneic targets were not lysed. A method is
      described for the in vivo sensitization of murine T cells towards TNP (or FITC)
      conjugated syngeneic spleen cells. The procedure is based on the observation that
      a local graft of hapten-conjugated syngeneic spleen cells results in the
      development of sensitized prekiller T cells within the draining lymph node (LN).
      By mere in vitro incubation of such LN cells immunological specific anti-TNP (or
      anti-FITC)-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are generated. The in vitro
      differentiation of CTL requires 48-72 h; it is dependent on cell proliferation
      and is abolished by treatment of the LN cells with mitomycin C. Thus there is a
      separation between the sensitization of CTL precursors (which effectively takes
      place in vivo) and the phase of cell differentiation into CTL (which effectively
      takes place only in vitro). Similar to in vitro-sensitized CTL, the specificity
      of in vivo-sensitized CTL is dictated by the hapten used for the induction of the
      immune response and is restricted to hapten-conjugated syngeneic target cells.

PMID- 1087238
TI  - Relationship between 4a and 4b HLA-determined specificities and C3 receptors of
      leukocyte membrane.

PMID- 1087239
TI  - Lack of effect of thymectomy on spontaneous recovery from tolerance to levan.
AB  - Adult CBA mice were made tolerant with 1 mg levan and tested subsequently for
      sponteneous recovery by plaque-forming cell assay in response to immunizing
      challenge. Weakening of tolerance was first detectable only after 100 days, while
      return to full normal responsiveness required 400 days. Thymectomy 2 weeks prior
      to tolerization neither retarded nor diminished the recovery process. Loss of
      tolerance which had been induced by 1 mg dextran B512 was much slower in onset
      (greater than 250 days), yet not delayed by thymectomy (full recovery was not
      followed). These findings in relation to other considerations imply that
      associative recognition by T cells is not required for B cell responses to these
      "thymus-independent" antigens.

PMID- 1087240
TI  - Functional half-life of virgin and primed B lymphocytes.
AB  - The functional half-life, a measure of the persistence of lymphocytes in an
      antigen-free environment, has been estimated and found to be about 7 days for
      virgin 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP)-reactive mouse B cells, and 2--3 times longer
      for TNP-primed B cells. Using allotype-congenic mice, lymph node cells were
      transferred from virgin or primed CBA/Igb donors to normal CBA/Iga recipients,
      and the proportion of donor B cells estimated at intervals...

PMID- 1087241
TI  - Structural aspects of immune recognition of lysozymes. III. T cell specificity
      restriction and its consequences for antibody specificity.
AB  - We have studied the relationship between the determinants encountered by T cells
      on an antigenic molecule and the specificities of the antibodies eventually
      produced by the B cells with which these T cells cooperate. The number of 
      epitopes on the hen lysozyme (HEL) molecule available to T cell receptors was
      functionally limited by inducing T cell tolerance to HEL in rabbits. Highly cross
      reactive lysozymes were then used to challenge the HEL-unresponsive rabbits. Only
      T cells which recognize new epitopes on the challenge lysozymes could act as
      helpers in generating an anti-lysozyme response. Amino acid differences between
      Japanese quail lysozyme (JEL) and HEL are segregated within a single quadrant of
      this small antigen molecule. HEL-tolerant rabbits challenged with JEL produced
      antibodies which were totally cross-reactive with the tolerogen HEL. This result
      is in contrast to the result obtained in nontolerant rabbits which produced
      antibodies to JEL which were only 50-70% cross-reactive with HEL. We conclude
      that T cells restricted to the JEL-unique epitopes were only capable of
      cooperating with B cells specific for common epitopes shared between JEL and the
      tolerogen HEL. Turkey lysozyme (TEL), on the other hand, bears different amino
      acids which are distributed over several regions on the surface of the molecule.
      Any one HEL-tolerant rabbit developed a restricted response to TEL; in some
      rabbits the anti-TEL was highly HEL cross-reactive, while in others little cross
      reactivity with HEL was observed. Each of four HEL-tolerant rabbits injected with
      the minimally altered bob-white quail lysozyme possessed the reactive T cells
      necessary to mount a limited response to this challenge lysozyme, suggesting a
      diverse library of T cell specificities. Recognition of the small differences
      between the challenge lysozymes and the T cells of these tolerant rabbits to make
      a fine discrimination between minimally changed epitopes.

PMID- 1087242
TI  - T cell requirements for the expression of the lipopolysaccharide adjuvant effect
      in vivo: evidence for a T cell-dependent and a T cell-independent mode of action.
AB  - The in vivo adjuvant effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice was investigated
      with the soluble synthetic polypeptide antigen (T, G)-A--L, the antibody response
      to which is determined by the Ir-1A gene. With this specific antigen it can be
      demonstrated that the LPS adjuvant effect has the following modes of action: a) a
      T cell-dependent enhancement of primary and secondary IgM antibody response; b) a
      T cell-dependent enhancement of IgG secondary andibody response; and c) a T cell
      dependent induction of switchover from IgM to IgG andibody in some strains of Ir
      1A low responders. Although T cells are necessary for some aspects of the
      adjuvant effect, these data do not distinguish between a mechanism involving a
      direct interaction between LPS and T cells or a direct interaction of LPS and B
      cells with a general requirement for T cells for expression of IgG antibody.

PMID- 1087243
TI  - T cell necessity in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
      in mice.
AB  - Cellular transfer of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was effected
      in mice with lymph node and spleen cells from appropriately immunized donors. In
      contrast to lymphoid cells, immune serum did not transfer this autoimmune disease
      nor did serum have any facilitating or inhibitory effect on the capacity of
      lymphoid cells to transfer EAE. Transfer of EAE was effected in normal mice,
      lightly irradiated (350 rad) and lethally irradiated (850 rad) and bone marrow
      protected mice, but not in mice which had been given 850 rad total-body
      irradiation. There was a striking augmentation of severity of transferred EAE in
      the lightly irradiated recipients, possibly attributable to selective
      radiosensitivity of suppressor T cells. Cell-mediated immunity but not
      circulating antibody to basic protein of myelin was demonstrated in recipients
      with transferred EAE. The immune lymphoid cells responsible for transfer of EAE
      were T lymphocytes. Thus transfer was successful after passage of sensitized
      cells through anti-immunoglobulin columns and was abrogated following treatment
      with anti-Thy-1 serum and complement. Neonatally thymectomized mice failed to
      develop either EAE, cell mediated immunity or humoral antibody against myelin
      basic protein (BPM). Inhibition of EAE and immune responsiveness was solely due
      to the removal of the source of thymus lymphocytes, because reconstitution of
      neonatally thymectomized mice with T lymphocytes completely restored these
      functions. It is concluded that T lymphocytes are required for the production and
      adoptive transfer of EAE, for the development of cell-mediated immunity to BPM
      and for the production of antibody to BPM.

PMID- 1087244
TI  - T lineage lymphocytes in nude mice born from homozygous nu/nu parents.
AB  - T lineage cells are found in the spleen of neonatal nu/nu mice born from nu/nu x
      nu/nu matings, and also in old, healthy nude mice obtained from the usual nu/+ x
      nu/nu matings. Their presence in neonatal nude mice which were never in contact
      with mother or normal littermate thymus products shows that commitment of stem
      cells towards the T lineage does not require the influence of the thymus.

PMID- 1087245
TI  - The effect of light on the quantity of phagosomes in the pigment epithelium.

PMID- 1087246
TI  - Visual pigment loss after light-induced shedding of rod outer segments.

PMID- 1087247
TI  - [Rheumatic diseases of the nervous system].

PMID- 1087248
TI  - Role of H-2 antigens in the cytolysis of Oncornavirus induced tumour cells by
      syngeneic T lymphocytes [proceedings].

PMID- 1087249
TI  - Cytotoxic interactions of virus-specific effector cells with virus-infected
      targets of different cell type [proceedings].

PMID- 1087250
TI  - Detection and characterization of serum Ia material in the mouse [proceedings].

PMID- 1087251
TI  - Ly antigens as markers of functional T-cell subsets in the mouse [proceedings].

PMID- 1087252
TI  - [Investigations about potential coagulation activities of so called deficient
      factors in hereditary clotting diseases].

PMID- 1087253
TI  - [Hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism with anosmia (Kallmann syndrome)].

PMID- 1087254
TI  - Transplantation tolerance at the T-lymphocyte receptor level. I. Spontaneous
      release of T-cell receptors by lymphocytes from tolerant mice.
AB  - Spleen and lymph node T cells from CBA mice when cultivated in vitro almost
      immediately started to shed receptors for A alloantigens. In contrast, cultivated
      T lymphocytes from CBA mice tolerant of A alloantigens for 657 or 692 days began
      releasing receptors for the formerly tolerated A alloantigen after a delay of 8
      h. This delay in receptor shedding coincided with that observed when nontolerant
      lymphocytes were treated with antisera to T-cell receptors. The results suggested
      a close similarity of mechanisms and indicated that transplantation tolerance may
      be maintained by active suppression of otherwise reactive T cells mediated by
      anti-receptor antibody. Lymphocytes from untreated tolerant mice and those
      treated with a nonspecific anti-receptor serum showed normal responses, as
      measured in terms of receptor release, to third-party alloantigens, as did cells
      from untreated normal mice. Precultivated normal lymphocytes treated with anti
      receptor antibody and complement failed to release the appropriate receptor
      specificity but similarly treated tolerant lymphocytes were almost resistant,
      presumably because they expressed only few receptors at the time of treatments.

PMID- 1087255
TI  - Transplantation tolerance at the T-lymphocyte receptor level. II. Interaction of
      T-cell receptors with alloantigen and with anti-receptor antiserum.
AB  - CBA T lymphocytes deprived temporarily of receptors for alloantigens A[RS(A)]
      cultivated in vitro for 30 h with anti-receptor antibody-forming (AxCBA)F1 spleen
      cells were capable of resynthesizing RS(A) if primed F1 cells exceeded parental T
      cells by a factor of 25 or less, but not if the excess was 50-fold or more. This
      indicated that resynthesis of CBA T-cell RS(A) was successful if primed F1 cells
      formed insufficient amounts of anti-CBA T-cell RS(A) antibody. Abortive or
      successful receptor resynthesis was measured by two parameters, (a) reappearing
      RS(A) formed PAR together with A alloantigens of (AxCBA)F1 spleen cells and (b)
      budding receptors bound anti-receptor antibody. CBA B lymphocutes did not
      interfere with these reactions. A search for putative T suppressor cells in the
      F1 cell population was unsuccessful. PAR formation and anti--RS antibody
      consumption by reappearing receptors differed temporally: receptors forming PAR
      were present after a delay lasting 8 h; receptor structures fixed anti-RS
      antibody as early as 5 h after being cultivated. With due caution, these results
      might reflect processes operating in maintenance of transplantation tolerance,
      suggesting that this condition is a serum-mediated suppression of long duration.
      The suppression would encompass continued neutralisation of receptors for the
      alloantigen to be tolerated by anti-T-cell receptor antibody formed by the F1
      chimeric cells within an animal with acquired transplantation tolerance.

PMID- 1087256
TI  - A partial reaction of delta-aminolaevulinate synthetase from Rhodopseudomonas
      spheroides.

PMID- 1087257
TI  - Studies on the inactivation of 5-aminolaevulinate dehydratase by alkylation.

PMID- 1087258
TI  - A new pathway for the biosynthesis of spermidine.

PMID- 1087259
TI  - Effect of added light-harvesting pigments on the reconstruction of photosynthetic
      reactions in membranes from bacteriochlorophyll-less mutants of Rhodopseudomonas
      sphaeroides.

PMID- 1087260
TI  - Meiotic origin of triploidy in the frog detected by genetic analysis of enzyme
      polymorphisms.
AB  - A female frog heterozygous at two unlinked loci, specifying electrophoretic forms
      of mannosephosphate isomerase (MPI) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) was crossed to
      male frogs homozygous for different alleles at each locus. In the offspring
      approximately ten percent proved to be triploid according to nucleolar and
      chromosome counts of tail tip cells. Most of these triploids had both maternal
      alleles at the MDH and MPI loci suggesting that the first meiotic division was
      repressed. Others seemed to represent a repressed second meiotic division and one
      animal, a pentaploid, could only have resulted from inhibition of both meiotic
      divisions of the egg. Densitometer tracings of starch gels stained for 6
      phosphogluconate and isocitrate dehydrogenases, expected to be heterozygous in a
      particular cross, demonstrated that the triploids had twice as much maternal as
      paternal gene product for each locus, similar to patterns found in triploids
      produced by nuclear transplantation.

PMID- 1087261
TI  - Anemia--a common but never a normal concomitant of aging.
AB  - Diagnosis is often overlooked because symptoms develop slowly and insidiously and
      many patients don't complain about them. Then too, the giddiness, apathy,
      confusion, clumsiness, and similar problems may be considered simply signs of
      "old age." Iron deficiency anemia is the most common type in old people. It's
      usually due to gastrointestinal bleeding, but there may be a second, less obvious
      cause. The classic picture of low serum iron, high total iron-binding capacity,
      and low iron-binding saturation is sometimes distorted. Usually, many studies are
      needed to confirm the suspicion of a vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency. A
      raised mean corpuscular volume in itself signals the need for further
      investigation. In patients with macrocytosis, the bone marrow must be examined.
      Tests for intestinal malabsorption must be considered too. Repeated blood tests
      are essential in patients being treated for any type of anemia. Iron deficiency
      may hide evidence of folate or B12 deficiency. And iron therapy may lessen
      bleeding from colonic cancer, delaying diagnosis until it's too late to operate.

PMID- 1087262
TI  - Depressed cell-mediated immunity in coeliac disease.
AB  - Fourteen coeliac patients on a gluten free diet (GFD) and 10 on a normal diet
      were studied by lymphocyte transformation in response to PHA to assess the
      integrity of cell-mediated immunity (CMI). Transformation was depressed in the
      majority taking a normal diet, with improvement after a GFD. In some patients the
      depression may have been due to a serum factor, as transformation was more nearly
      normal when the lymphocytes were cultured in pooled AB serum than in their own
      serum. There was no correlation between transformation and nutritional
      deficiencies. Mantoux tests were performed in some of these and other coeliac
      patients and there was a very significant reduction in the incidence of positive
      tests compared with controls. These findings provide evidence of depressed CMI in
      coeliac patients taking a normal diet with improvement on a GFD and may be of
      relevance to the high risk of malignancy in coeliac disease, further
      strengthening the case for a strict GFD.

PMID- 1087263
TI  - Anergy to dinitrochlorobenzene and depression of T-lymphocytes in Crohn's disease
      and ulcerative colitis.
AB  - Skin reactivity to dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and levels of circulating T
      lymphocytes were measured in 15 patients with ulcerative colitis, 15 patients
      with Crohn's disease, and 12 normal control subjects. Diminished reactivity to
      DNCB was demonstrated in 87% of patients with Crohn's disease (P less than 0-001)
      and in 53% with ulcerative colitis (P less than 0-02), as compared with only 8-5%
      of controls; anergy was more frequent in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative
      colitis (P less than 0-05). Levels of circulating T-lymphoctes were also
      depressed in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (P less than 0-001) as
      compared with controls, with the values lower in Crohn's disease than in
      ulcerative colitis (P less than 0-02). There were no correlations of DNCB
      response with extent, duration, or severity of disease nor with T-cell levels
      within any patient group. These data provide further support for the concept that
      there is impairment of cell-mediated immunity among many patients with chronic
      inflammatory bowel disease, including both Crohn's disease and ulcerative
      colitis.

PMID- 1087265
TI  - [Carcinoma of liver].

PMID- 1087264
TI  - [Rectal perforation due to ingested foreign body].

PMID- 1087266
TI  - [Purulent meningitis].

PMID- 1087267
TI  - Heart surgery in Hong Kong.

PMID- 1087268
TI  - [Acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1087269
TI  - Prevalence and pattern of rheumatic heart disease in Hong Kong.

PMID- 1087270
TI  - [Clinical aspects of intensive care for infants and small children].

PMID- 1087271
TI  - Practical therapeutics in intensive care after open heart surgery. Part 2.

PMID- 1087272
TI  - The use of endotracheal tube in anaesthesia.

PMID- 1087273
TI  - [Surgical jaundice].

PMID- 1087274
TI  - [Urban life and mental health in Hong Kong].

PMID- 1087275
TI  - Cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 1087276
TI  - Care of the mental subnormality in Hong Kong.

PMID- 1087277
TI  - A function which describes quantitative adsorptions of antibodies by cell-surface
      antigens.

PMID- 1087278
TI  - B.C.G. test for diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis.

PMID- 1087279
TI  - Evaluation of diagnostic value of B.C.G. test inchildhood tuberculosis.

PMID- 1087280
TI  - [Disseminated intravascular coagulation: a clinical study].

PMID- 1087281
TI  - Effect of hydrocortisone on response of human lymphocytes to galactose oxidase
      stimulation.
AB  - Hydrocortisone at 10(-4)M concentration could inhibit the response of human
      lymphocytes to galactose oxidase stimulation. Removal of the hydrocortisone after
      4 h of culture did not reverse this inhibition. On the other hand, removal of
      monocytes greatly enhanced it, so that it could be observed at 10(-6)M
      concentration. Next, tonsil cells were separated into two fractions relatively
      rich in either T or B cells. Both fractions could respond to galactose oxidase
      and the response could be inhibited by hydrocortisone.

PMID- 1087283
TI  - The effects of U.V.-light, ionizing radiation and the carcinogen N-acetoxy-2
      fluorenylacetamide on the development in vitro of one- and two-cell mouse
      embryos.
AB  - The development of one- and two-cell mouse embryos to morula-blastula stages was
      followed in vitro after treatment with low doses of U.V.-light, ionizing
      radiation or N-acetoxy-2-fluorenylacetamide. Exposure of one-cell embryos to
      either radiation source 18 and 24 hours after human chorionic gonadotropin
      injections prevented maturation, most embryos being arrested at the one-cell
      stage and a few at the two-cell stage. Two-cell embryos, however, were not
      sensitive to low doses of either U.V. or X-irradiation and developed normally.
      Treatment of early one-cell embryos with the carcinogen, N-acetoxy-2-fluorenyl
      acetamide (0-7 muM), also arrested development, whereas exposure of late one-cell
      embryos did not completely prevent maturation to morula-blastula stages. Exposure
      of two-cell embryos to the same concentration of carcinogen had no effect on
      their development to blastulas. Results with all three agents showed that mouse
      embryos at the one-cell stage are more sensitive than those at the two-cell
      stage, as judged by their ability to develop in vitro.

PMID- 1087282
TI  - Influence of diftalone on tolbutamide test and i.v. glucose tolerance test.
AB  - In 16 healthy volunteers tolbutamide tests or i.v. glucose tolerance tests were
      performed with and without previous oral administration of 1000 mg diftalone.
      Blood sugar and serum insulin were assayed in regular intervals. Both with and
      without previous administration of diftalone blood glucose after tolbutamide did
      not show any difference. IRI response to tolbutamide, measured by planimetrical
      integration showed a statistically significant augmentation (0.05 greater than p
      greater than 0.01) after diftalone. Glucose assimilation (K-value) after
      diftalone was decreased (0.05 greater than p greater than 0.01) yet within normal
      range. For the accompanying insulin levels however no statistically significant
      difference was observed. In addition a normalisation of pathological tolbutamide
      test after diftalone could be noted in five patients with subclinical diabetes.
      Our results indicate that diftalone seems to have the following three actions: 1.
      Enhancement of the tolbutamide action. 2. direct augmentation of IRI secretion,
      3. a peripheral action on glucose metabolism.

PMID- 1087284
TI  - Recovery response of dividing cells in the thymus of whole-body gamma-irradiated
      mice.
AB  - Mice were irradiated with different doses of gamma-rays 30 min after the
      administration of 32P-orthophosphate. The dose-response curves determined at 72
      hours after exposure showed an inflection point in the total activity present in
      the DNA in thymus and spleen. In the low dose-range, the dose-response curves
      have D0 = 55 rad (n = 2-5) for thymus and DO = 95 rad (n = 2-5) for the spleen.
      Thirty minutes after the administration of 32P-orthophosphate, the dividing cells
      from thymus were partially synchronized by the administration of 80 mg per kg
      body-weight hydroxyurea. At different time-intervals, the mice were irradiated
      with 80 rad, and the total activity of DNA was determined at 72 hours after
      synchronization. A significant maximum of recovery was found at 5 hours (S phase)
      after the administration of hydroxyurea. In similar conditions, the dose-response
      curves corresponding to the G1, S and M phase of the division cycle were also
      determined. The synchronization of dividing cells induced by hydroxyurea failed
      in the spleen.

PMID- 1087285
TI  - Investigation of the interaction of alkyl sulphates with serum albumin using the
      thiocyanate radical ion (SCN)2.
AB  - The reaction of the radical anion -(SCN)2-, produced during pulse radilysis of
      aqueous KCNS solutions, have been used to study the binding of a range of alkyl
      sulphates to bovine (BSA) and human (HSA) serum albumin. At neutral pH, -(SCN)2-
      reacts chiefly with trytophan residues. Approximately ten high-affinity binding
      sites are detectable for compounds of chain length greater than C7. The results
      are interpreted in terms of a model in which one hydrophobic region in the
      protein, containing the tryptophan residues, can accommodate the ten ligand
      molecules. Electrostatic interactions with positively-charged groups surrounding
      the hydrophobic area are also involved in binding.

PMID- 1087286
TI  - Survival of human T and B lymphocytes after X-irradiation.
AB  - The survival of unstimulated human T and B lymphocytes after X-irradiation in
      vitro was measured by Trypan Blue dye exclusion over a period of four days. B
      cell numbers were observed to decline rapidly even after relatively low doses,
      but T cell numbers fell much more slowly. A comparison of the percentage survival
      96 hours after irradiation shows that in this system T cells are between
      approximately 2 and 5 times more resistant than B cells. Data for interphase
      death after 48 hours are compared with cytogenetic data for interphase loss of
      PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes and are shown to be in broad agreement at
      radiation doses below 400 rad. It is suggested that at higher doses mitotic delay
      may be increasingly important leading to selection of non-irradiated cells at 48
      hours.

PMID- 1087287
TI  - Reaction of ethanol radicals with ribonuclease.
AB  - Ribonuclease was irradiated under conditions such that ethanol radicals were the
      main reactive species in solution. Sephadex gel filtration of the irradiated
      solution demonstrated that ethanol radicals had reacted with the ribonuclease and
      had become firmly bound to the enzyme molecule. The number of ethanol molecules
      bound to ribonuclease was a function of dose and correlated with the loss of
      enzymatic activity and with the changes in the molecular configuration of the
      enzyme molecule.

PMID- 1087288
TI  - A comparison of physical and cytogenetic estimates of radiation dose in patients
      treated with iodine-131 for thyroid carcinoma.
AB  - Physical and cytogenetic estimates of the whole-body radiation doses have been
      compared in 11 patients receiving large doses of iodine-131 for the treatment of
      thyroid carcinoma. The physical estimate was based on the measurement of thyroid
      uptake, of the plasma activity variation, and of urinary activity. The
      cytogenetic estimate was obtained from the analysis of chromosome aberrations in
      peripheral blood lymphocytes. Good agreement between the estimates was observed
      in patients whose thyroid glands had previously been ablated by radioiodine. In
      patients who had varying degrees of thyroid function, there were considerable
      differences between the estimates with the cytogenetic value always being higher.
      It is suggested that these differences might be due in part to non-uniform
      irradiation of lymphocytes by local sources of activity in the thyroid and in the
      liver.

PMID- 1087289
TI  - Role of the spleen in carbon-induced radioprotection.

PMID- 1087290
TI  - The so-called track theory of survival is wrong when applied to neutrons.

PMID- 1087291
TI  - On remarks by K. Gunther on the application of track theory to neutron
      irradiations.

PMID- 1087292
TI  - An analysis of the interaction of a platinum complex and radiation with CHO cells
      using the molecular theory of cell survival.
AB  - A mathematical analysis is developed from the concepts of the molecular theory of
      cell survival to explain the cytotoxic action of a platinum complex on CHO cells
      and its synergistic interaction with radiation. In the analysis, it is assumed
      that both inter- and intra-strand cross-links induced by the Pt complex in the
      DNA contribute to cell killing and that the synergistic effect arises from the
      interaction between an intra-strand cross-link and a radiation-induced single
      strand break on complementary strands of the DNA. The analysis is shown to be
      compatible with experimental results. Further, a mechanistic model is developed
      in an attempt to explain in more detail the processes which appear to be involved
      in the expression of the cytological damage.

PMID- 1087293
TI  - Skin response to X-irradiation in the guinea-pig.
AB  - Skin reaction to X-irradiation has been studied in the albino guinea-pig; early
      response in limited-field irradiations of the flank is comparable to that
      commonly seen in rodents, swine and man, and is dose-dependent with a dynamic
      range from mild erythema to moist desquamation. The peak early skin reaction is
      seen between 14 and 21 days after irradiation, and declines before 30 days except
      at the highest doses used. Fractionation of the X-ray dose at 24 hours results in
      a 'sparing' of about 340 rad. Permanent partial epilation is detectable at doses
      in excess of 1400 rad, and complete epilation at 1 year occurs in 50 per cent of
      irradiated fields at 1740 rad. Twenty-four hour two-dose fractionation results in
      a 'sparing' of about 500 rad for epilation. Palpable dermal 'fibrosis' is
      detectable at 3 months after irradiation in fields given more than 2070 rad, and
      at 1 year after irradiation in fields given more than 1800 rad; 50 per cent of
      fields showed palpable 'fibrosis' at 1 year at 1930 rad. Unlike domestic swine
      and man, skin fields in the guinea-pig showed no dimensional contraction after X
      ray doses which produced gross early skin damage.

PMID- 1087294
TI  - Effect of gamma-irradiation on dye-DNA binding.
AB  - The effect of gamma-rays on the binding of proflavine and acridine orange to DNA
      was investigated by spectrophotometry. The effect of irradiation was observed on
      the buffered solutions of the free dye and free DNA. A dose of about 35 krad
      caused a hyperchromicity of 30-40 per cent to the DNA peak at 258 nm, while the
      same dose introduced a hypochromic effect to the monomer peaks of the dyes by 30
      per cent. This implied that gamma-rays have an effect of decreasing the monomer
      concentration of free-day molecules in solution. From the results, we conclude
      that more dye is bound to the changed conformation of dye-bound DNA on
      irradiation. Scratchard-binding isotherms drawn for the unirradiated and
      irradiated complexes of Pf-DNA showed interesting differences. Similar isotherms
      could not be obtained for the acridine orange-DNA system.

PMID- 1087295
TI  - The relationship between early and late radiation damage in rodents' skin.
AB  - A study is made of the relationship between early and late damage after
      irradiation of the feet or ears of rats. In one type of experiment in which large
      groups of animals were given the same dose, there was a good correlation between
      the early and late forms of damage. In another experiment, the relationship
      between these two forms of radiation damage was found to be unaltered by a single
      dose of X-rays given 8 months earlier. Thus, both types of experiment point to
      the early and late forms of reaction in the skin of rodents resulting from a
      common cause. Other relevant experimental data and their relationship to clinical
      observations are discussed.

PMID- 1087296
TI  - Repair of radiation damage in plateau-phase mammalian cells: relationship between
      sub-lethal and potentially lethal damage states.

PMID- 1087297
TI  - The ultra-fast repair of single-strand breaks in DNA of gamma-irradiated Chinese
      hamster cells.

PMID- 1087298
TI  - Irradiation of multi-cell spheroids with fast neutrons versus X-rays: a
      qualitative difference in sub-lethal damage repair capacity or kinetics.

PMID- 1087299
TI  - Positive contrast ventriculography in cats with experimental obstructive
      hydrocephalus.
AB  - Cerebrospinal fluid pathways were studied in both normal and experimental
      obstructed hydrocephalic cats by positive contrast ventriculography. Either water
      soluble or insoluble contrast material was injected into the lateral cerebral
      ventricles, and radiographs were taken of the head and spinal cord. In the normal
      cat, the contrast material freely flowed throughout the spinal fluid spaces. The
      contrast material accumulated in the cisterna magna, and from there extended into
      the cranial and spinal subarachnoid spaces. In the kaolin-induced hydrocephalic
      cat, the outlets from the fourth ventricle were obstructed, and direct
      communication between the ventricular system and the subarachnoid spaces no
      longer existed. In these cats, the contrast material passed directly down the
      central canal of spinal cord and its movement was followed throughout the entire
      length of the canal. At the lower lumbar-sacral regions, the material perforated
      the cord and flowed into the subarachnoid space. At all levels, the central canal
      was enlarged and local dilatations were seen extending dorsally.

PMID- 1087300
TI  - [Dynamics and metabolism in coronary heart disease before and after
      revascularization intervention].
AB  - In summary, rapid atrial pacing prior to surgery may be able to assess LVF and
      the degree of coronary insufficiency by measuring lactate production. Functional
      contraction abnormalities of the left ventricle are described by the anginal
      depression of the LVF, whereas a preanginal depression should be a sign of
      organic, fibrotic impairment of myocardial function. In cases of the former,
      after successful bypass surgery, a normal LVF may be observed. Moreover,
      myocardial metabolism is normalised. In the latter group, despite clinical
      improvement, functional abnormalities can persist.

PMID- 1087301
TI  - [Spontaneous intramural hemorrhage within the intestinal wall during
      anticoagulation].

PMID- 1087302
TI  - [Abdominal trauma and sepsis].

PMID- 1087303
TI  - [Sequelae of traumatic loss of the spleen].

PMID- 1087304
TI  - The effects of response contingent vestibular stimulation on the behavior of
      autistic and retarded children.
AB  - The purpose of the present experiment was to examine the reinforcing effects of
      repetitive vestibular stimulation. While both autistic and retarded children
      would push a button for vestibular stimulation, frequency of stimulation was an
      important parameter for autistics but not for retardates. These results were
      interpreted as evidence for central rather than peripheral locus of control of
      motility disturbances in autistic children.

PMID- 1087305
TI  - Diuretics in the management of streptomycin induced vestibular damage.

PMID- 1087306
TI  - Glucocorticoid action on rat thymic lymphocytes. Experiments utilizing adenosine
      to support cellular metabolism lead to a reassessment of catabolic hormone
      actions.
AB  - Inhibition of glucose uptake has been proposed as a primary cause of many of the
      subsequent inhibitory effects of glucocorticoids. This hypothesis has been tested
      in experiments where adenosine is substituted for glucose. Like glucose,
      adenosine maximally supports glycolytic and oxidative ATP generation, and by its
      use the hormonal inhibition of glucose uptake is circumvented. With adenosine,
      inhibition by cortisol is seen at at least one other metabolic site, respiratory
      ATP synthesis. This action can be observed by hormone-induced increases in levels
      of lactate, pyruvate, and AMP that accompany a lowering of ATP. Evidence for this
      metabolic action is also seen when cells are provided with a limiting amount of
      glucose; despite inhibition of glucose uptake, a cortisol-induced increase in
      lactate accompanies the reduction in levels of ATP. Decreased respiratory ATP
      synthesis is also suggested by a hormonal reduction in the metabolism of labeled
      exogenous pyruvate to 14CO2. Several experimental approaches suggest that
      inhibition of oxidative ATP production, rather than of glucose uptake, is the
      event most responsible for glucocorticoid-induced changes in the balance of
      adenine nucleotides, which in turn contribute to effects on protein synthesis and
      uridine uptake. First, the characteristic inhibitory cortisol effects on adenine
      nucleotides and protein synthesis are undiminished when adenosine is substituted
      for glucose. Second, in adenosine-supported cells the onset of the hormone
      induced increase in levels of lactate corresponds closely to the appearance of
      measurable reductions in ATP. In contrast, when cells are supported by glucose,
      the hormonal inhibition of glucose uptake is maximal by 30 to 35 min, nearly an
      hour before effects on levels of ATP are detectable. Third, when cells are made
      strongly dependent upon glucose for ATP production by deprivation of exogenous
      substrate and cortisol is added at 90 min, a characteristic inhibition of the
      uptake of glucose added 40 min later is seen; nevertheless, this is insufficient
      to prevent added glucose from immediately and fully restoring ATP, rates of
      protein synthesis, and uridine uptake. Inhibitory effects on ATP, protein
      synthesis, and uridine do appear after an additional hour or so, a time
      commensurate with the development of an inhibition of oxidative metabolism.
      Fourth, limiting added glucose can reduce uptake more than cortisol, without
      reducing levels of ATP.

PMID- 1087307
TI  - [Xerography in rheumatology and orthopedy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087308
TI  - [Voltaren in rheumatologic practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087309
TI  - Clinical and biochemical study covering 100 treatments with Tolectin.

PMID- 1087310
TI  - Morphological changes in frog pronephric cell surfaces after transformation by
      herpes virus.
AB  - A scanning electron-microscope study has established that there are major
      modifications in the surface membranes of malignant cells transformed from the
      pronephric kidney of the frog. Tumours were induced in vivo after exposure of
      embryos Lucke Herpes virus. A pronephric cell line from normal embryos and 3
      tumour cell lines derived from experimentally induced adenocarcinomas of the
      pronephros were observed. The normal embryonic kidney cells have their surfaces
      covered with long fingerlike microvilli throughout the cell cycle. In contrast,
      the surface of the pronephric tumour cells are mainly covered by multiple,
      ruffled or parallel straight microridges and short, stubby microvilli. These
      comparisons were made on cells subject to similar culture conditions. The
      topographic changes in the tumour cells are considered significant since the
      characteristic microridges and stubby villi were consistently found in all 3
      pronephric tumour lines.

PMID- 1087311
TI  - Psychiatric nursing in the USA.

PMID- 1087312
TI  - [Comparative studies of amphibian tongues and oral epithelia with a scanning
      electron microscope (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087313
TI  - A human T-independent B lymphocyte mitogen extracted from Nocardia opaca.
AB  - Nocardia water soluble mitogen (NWSM), a mitogen specific for mouse and rabbit B
      cells, activates blood, spleen, and tonsil lymphocytes from all the humans
      tested. Evidence is presented that it acts selectively on human B lymphocytes. B
      enriched cells were recovered from anti-Ig-coated Sephadex columns or after
      elimination of E rosette-forming cells: they were able to incorporate tritiated
      thymidine when they were cultivated in the presence of NWSM whereas they were not
      activated by PWM. Conversely T-enriched suspensions did not respond to NWSM
      although they were able to be stimulated by PHA and PWM. Moreover, the response
      to NWSM remained unchanged after T cells had been killed by anti-HTLA serum and
      complement and disappeared after B cells had been killed by anti-HBLMA serum.
      After stimulation by NWSM, the number of direct plaque-forming cells to HRBC,
      LPS, and TNP was significantly increased, showing a polyclonal activation of
      human B lymphocytes. Since no evidence of T cell help for B cell activation has
      been found, NWSM thus appears to be a T-independent human B lymphocyte mitogen.

PMID- 1087314
TI  - The effector cells in human peripheral blood mediating mitogen-induced cellular
      cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
AB  - The identity of the effector cells in human peripheral blood capable of mediating
      mitogen-induced cellular cytotoxicity (MICC) and antibody-dependent cellular
      cytotoxicity (ADCC) was investigated utilizing effector cell populations
      consisting of purified polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes,
      and cell surface immunoglobulin (sIg)-negative and sIg-positive lymphocyte
      subpopulations obtained by Sephadex anti-Fab immunoabsorbent column fractionation
      techniques. Chicken erythrocytes (CRBC) and Chang liver cells were used as target
      cells in both cytotoxicity assays. With CRBC targets MICC was mediated by
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, sIg-positive lymphocytes (B cells),
      and sIg-negative lymphocytes. On the contrary, with Chang liver cells as targets,
      MICC was mediated only by lymphocytes, and effector cells occurred exclusively in
      sIg-negative lymphocyte subpopulations containing thymus-derived lymphocytes (T
      cells). Further purification of sIg-negative lymphocyte subpopulations on antigen
      antibody coated plastic surfaces yielded a nonadherent T lymphocyte population
      depleted of Fc receptor-bearing lymphocytes that was capable of mediating MICC
      against both CRBC and Chang cell targets. With use of CRBC targets, ADCC was
      mediated by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, and sIg-negative
      lymphocyte subpopulations. However, with Chang cell targets, ADCC was mediated
      only by lymphocytes, and effector cells were present only in sIg-negative
      lymphocyte subpopulations. SIg-positive lymphocytes (B cells) and T lymphocytes
      were not effective in mediating ADCC against either CRBC or Chang cell targets.
      These studies demonstrate that the nature of the target cell employed in MICC and
      ADCC reactions is of critical imporatnce in defining the effector cell(s) capable
      of mediating cytotoxicity.

PMID- 1087315
TI  - Identification of multiple cytolytic components associated with the beta-LT class
      of lymphotoxins released by mitogen-activity human lymphocytes in vitro.
AB  - Cytotoxic activity (lymphotoxin (LT) associated with the 50,000 dalton beta-LT
      class of human lymphotoxins has been resolved into multiple components by
      chromatography on DEAE-cellulose or electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. The
      two components, termed beta-LT, and beta-LT2, are separable from the 90,000 m.w.
      alpha-LT, since neither component is neutralized by incubation with heterologous
      rabbit anti-alpha-LT antisera. However, the two components differ in their
      overall charge and relative heat stability with the betaLT1 component being more
      positively charged than the beat-LT2 molecule and extremely heat labile.

PMID- 1087316
TI  - The induction of hapten-specific T cell tolerance by using hapten-modified
      lymphoid cells. I. Characteristics of tolerance induction.
AB  - BALB/c mice were made tolerant to the T cell-dependent phenomenon of contact
      sensitivity to DNFB by i.v. injection of syngeneic lymphoid cells which had been
      previously modified with DNFB in vitro. The highly efficient unresponsiveness, as
      measured by ear challenge and in vitro antigen-induced cell proliferation, was
      shown to follow dose-response kinetics both in vivo and in vitro and to be
      exquisitely specific for the DNP moiety. The kinetics of tolerance induction were
      shown to be very rapid and had been previously shown to be long lasting.
      Unresponsiveness was more efficient when the hapten-modified cells were
      introduced by the i.v. route and tolerance could be increased by repeated
      injection of tolerogen. The tolerance could be transferred to normal syngeneic
      recipients by spleen and/or lymph node cells from tolerant donors. A wide variety
      of hapten-modified lymphoid cells, including mixed cell populations and enriched
      populations of T cells, B cells, and macrophages, were capable of inducing
      tolerance. The unresponsiveness was dependent  merely on the association of DNP
      to the lymphoid membrane proteins and not upon the viability of the hapten
      modified cells. These experiments support the hypothesis that in hapten-specific
      T cell sensitivity, as exemplified by contact sensitivity to DNFB, specific T
      cell tolerance in actively induced by hapten on self-membrane. In other hapten
      specific antibody-forming systems, tolerance appears to be most readily induced
      by hapten on soluble self protein or on a nonimmunogeneic carrier.

PMID- 1087317
TI  - Cell surface immunoglobulin. XIX. Susceptibility of IgD and IgM on murine
      splenocytes to cleavage by papain.
AB  - The present studies were designed to determine the effect of papain upon IgM and
      IgD on the surface of murine splenocytes. By using radioiodinated cells, it was
      shown that IgD is more susceptible to cleavage by papain than IgM. The difference
      in susceptibility to papain of the two isotypes was not observed when cell
      lysates were employed, suggesting that attachment to the plasma membrane affects
      the accessibility of IgM to papain. The major site of attack of the enzyme on IgD
      appears to be in the hinge region. The possible biologic implications of such a
      cleavage are discussed.

PMID- 1087318
TI  - The induction and regulation of guinea pig B-lymphocyte proliferation in vitro.
AB  - Conditions for the in vitro induction of proliferation have been examined in a
      population of guinea pig lymph node lymphocytes enriched for B lymphocytes. Known
      B cell mitogens such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide and tuberculin-purified
      protein derivative induced DNA synthetic responses in this B lymphocyte
      population as did a number of dinitrophenyl hapten-protein conjugates, all in the
      apparent absence of T cell participation. B cell proliferation occurred most
      efficiently in serum-free medium with both heterologous and homologous sera
      inhibiting maximum responses. In vivo immunization with hapten-protein conjugates
      failed to enhance subsequent in vitro B cell responsiveness to these materials
      beyond that owing to recruitment by contaminating antigen-primed T cells.
      Macrophage-associated antigen, which efficiently triggered T cell proliferation
      was much less effective at initiating B cell DNA synthesis than was soluble
      antigen not bound to macrophages. Furthermore, although accessory cells were
      required for the development of T cell DNA synthetic responses, macrophages of
      factors produced by them inhibited spontaneous or induced B cell 3H-thymidine
      incorporation.

PMID- 1087319
TI  - Ontogeny of the antibody-forming cell line in mice. II. Maturation of B cells
      during fetal development.
AB  - This paper maps the developmental stage reached by B cells in mouse fetuses of
      different ages. The "maturity" of these cells was assessed in a functional way by
      measuring the time taken for cells to generate antibody-forming progeny when
      injected into carrier-primed irradiated adult hosts and challenged daily with
      antigen. A steady uninterrupted progression in development of B cells occurred
      between 13 days of gestation and birth. There was no evidence for a stage during
      which B cells could only be paralyzed and not induced by antigen.

PMID- 1087320
TI  - Hapten specific IgE antibody responses in mice. V. Differential resistance of IgE
      and IgG B lymphocytes to X-irradiation.
AB  - The studies presented in this paper were undertaken to determine whether IgE- and
      IgG-producing murine B lymphocytes could be distinguished by differential
      resistance to x-irradiation in vivo. Sensitivity or resistance of B lymphocytes
      to various doses of x-irradiation was monitored by measuring the production by
      irradiated cells of hapten-specific IgG and IgE antibody. The results indicate
      that both primed and unprimed IgG B lymphocytes are less radioresistant than
      corresponding IgE B lymphocytes. Primed IgG B lymphocytes are more radioresistant
      than unprimed IgG B cells whereas unprimed IgE B lymphocytes are at least as
      radioresistant as primed IgE B lymphocytes. The relative radioresistance of
      primed IgE vs IgG B cells was best demonstrated in an adoptive transfer system.
      Thus, exposure of ASC-primed mice to 300 R 24 hr after transfer into these mice
      of syngeneic, DNP-KLH-primed spleen cells led to a sustained failure to produce
      IgG anti-DNP antibody after challenge with DNP-ASC; under these conditions IgE
      anti-DNP production was not impaired. This was shown to reflect differential
      radioresistance of the corresponding B cell populations. In addition, exposure to
      x-irradiation tended to augment IgE anti-DNP antibody responses when compared to
      unirradiated controls. This phenomenon is thought to reflect the effects of x
      irradiation on regulatory mechanisms controlling the mouse IgE response and is
      explored in detail in an accompanying manuscript. The results described in this
      paper are discussed in the light of our evidence suggesting that, in both mouse
      and man, IgE B lymphocytes have certain unique characteristics by which they may
      be distinguished from other classes of B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1087321
TI  - Hapten-specific IgE antibody responses in mice. VI. Selective enhancement of IgE
      antibody production by low doses of X-irradiation and by cyclophosphamide.
AB  - Exposure of BALB/c, A/J, and (BALB/c X A/J)F1 mice, which are IgE high responder
      animals, to total body x-irradiation ranging from 50 to 200 R resulted in a dose
      dependent enhancement of the hapten-specific IgE antibody level as compared to
      unirradiated control mice. In contrast, anti-hapten antibody responses of the IgG
      class in these same animals were rarely enhanced, and when so, were of a lesser
      degree. This relatively selective augmentation of the IgE vs IgG antibody
      responses was observed in both unprimed and primed mice. By utilizing adoptive
      transfer systems, it was demonstrated that the enhancing effects of x-irradiation
      resulted from its action on the carrier-primed cell population and not upon the
      responding B cells or upon macrophages. The data presented herein suggest that
      this enhancement phenomenon is the result of the elimination of T cells (or their
      products) with suppressive functions and that these cells are neither dependent
      upon nor specific for the carrier antigen employed in the immunization. This
      hypothesis is given indirect support by the observations that treatment of the
      same strains of mice with cyclophosphamide, in doses known to abrogate
      suppressive T cell functions, resulted in a similar enhancing effect to that
      observed after low doses of x-irradiation. In addition an interesting difference
      between IgE and IgG precursor B lymphocytes was observed by the ability of IgE B
      cells to differentiate to the secretory state at a strikingly more rapid rate
      than IgG B lymphocytes when exposed to comparable T cell helper influences. These
      observations may provide important clues to the cellular mechanisms of the immune
      regulation of the IgE response and its relationship to allergic diseases.

PMID- 1087322
TI  - Contrasting effects of BCG on spleen and lymph node antibody responses in nude
      and normal mice.
AB  - Subcutaneous footpad injection of BCG causes a marked augmentation of popliteal
      lymph node plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses to DNP-derivatized hemocyanin and
      to sheep red blood cells, both T-dependent antigens, but not to DNP-derivatized
      Ficoll, a T-independent antigen. This augmentative effect occurs in normal thymus
      bearing heterozygous (nu/+) mice, but not in congenitally athymic nude mice
      (nu/nu). In contrast, intravenous injection of BCG causes a suppressed splenic
      PFC response to subsequently administered T-dependent or T-independent antigens
      in both nude and nu/+ mice. BCG's augmenting effect on the lymph node appears to
      be mediated by a T-helper cell. BCG's suppressive effect in the spleen is not
      attributable to T cells. The actual mechanism of the BCG-mediated suppressive
      splenic effect remains incompletely defined at present.

PMID- 1087323
TI  - Abnormalities of cellular immune response in arthritis induced by rubella
      vaccination.
AB  - The rubella-specific antibody, activity the levels of immunoglobulins and
      complement in the serum, the number of T cells, and the nature of cell-mediated
      immunity as measured by lymphocyte transformation (LTF) of circulating
      lymphocytes in response to rubella virus and phyto-hemagglutinin (PHA) were
      studied in 15 children who manifested arthralgia or arthritis after parenteral
      immunization with HPV-77 DE/5 or RA27/3 live attenuated rubella virus vaccines.
      Eighteen appropriately matched subjects who developed no post-vaccine
      complications were included as controls. The immunoglobulins, complement, and
      rubella antibody levels were similar in all subjects. Although significant
      rubella specific cell-mediated immunity was detectable in most control subjects,
      the activity was markedly depressed in subjects with arthritis. The LTF activity
      in response to PHA was approximately equal in both groups. These findings suggest
      a selective depression of cell-mediated immunity to rubella virus in subjects
      with arthritis associated with rubella vaccination.

PMID- 1087324
TI  - Anatomical observations on the distal extremity of the vestibular aqueduct.
AB  - A hitherto unobserved channel was observed, opening from the bony vestibular
      aqueduct under the dura. The location was in the centre between the contact of
      the aqueduct with the bulbar wall and the entrance of the aqueduct into the
      saccus. No connection was found between this formation and the vascular channels
      leading into the aqueduct or with the 'paravestibular canaliculus'. Albeit some
      of the examples were taken from Meniere cases no interpretation in this direction
      was attempted. Strategical location claims further consideration as to morphology
      and function.

PMID- 1087325
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

PMID- 1087326
TI  - Induction and abrogation of unresponsiveness in nude mouse cells.
AB  - Nude mice were injected with antigen and T cells at different times to induce
      unresponsiveness to SRBC. Spleen cells derived from these mice were tested in
      vitro for the capability to produce antibody-forming cells against sheep
      erythrocytes in the presence of a T-cell-replacing factor. It was found that
      priming with antigen alone did not result in paralysis but a later injection of
      thymus-derived lymphocytes together with antigen results in unresponsiveness of
      these cells in vitro, provided there was an interval of several days between the
      in vivo administration of thymus lymphocytes and the explantations of cells to in
      vitro cultures.

PMID- 1087327
TI  - Cross-reactive lysis of trinitrophenyl (TNP)-derivatized H-2 incompatible target
      cells by cytolytic T lymphocytes generated against syngeneic TNP spleen cells.
AB  - Normal spleen cells, when cultured with irradiated trinitrophenyl (TNP)
      derivatized syngeneic spleen cells, develop cytotoxic effectors that lyse most
      effectiviely a TNP-derivatized target that is H-2 compatible with the effector.
      However, these effectors also lyse to a lesser extent TNP tumor and TNP spleen
      targets that are H-2 incompatible. This cross-reactive lysis correlates with the
      degree of cytolysis seen on the TNP-derivatized syngeneic target; it appears to
      be medicated by Thy 1.2-bearing cells and is inhibited by antisera to the K
      and/or D loci of the target cell and not by antisera to non-K or non-D surface
      antigens. Nonradiolabeled TNP-derivatized lymphoid cells syngeneic to either the
      stimulator or the target are able to competitively inhibit cross-reactive lysis,
      while TNP chicken red blood cells are unable to specifically inhibit lysis. These
      data on cross-reactive lysis of TNP-conjugated targets are most consistent with
      the altered-self hypothesis.

PMID- 1087328
TI  - Spontaneous redistribution of surface immunoglobulin in the motile B lymphocyte.
AB  - This paper reports that B cells undergoing translatory motion spontaneously
      segregate their surface Ig to one portion of their plasma membrane. The
      spontaneous redistribution of surface Ig was found to be: (a) selective,
      concanavalin A-dependent on translatory motion and energy metabolism. Abundant B
      cells undergoing motility were found after cultures in lipopolysaccharide or
      trypsin, or after brief exposure to cholinergic drugs.

PMID- 1087330
TI  - Cooperation across the histocompatibility barrier: H2d T cells primed to antigen
      in an H-2d environment can cooperate with H-2k B cells.
AB  - H-2d spleen cells derived from either tetraparental or semiallogeneic radiation
      bone marrow chimeras can be primed to antigen within H-2d recipients to generate
      helper T cells capable of cooperating in a secondary response with equal
      efficiency with H-2d or H-2k B cells. Thus it would seem that the cooperative act
      between T and B cells does not require that the T cell interacts with its target
      B cells by either cell interaction genes or via an altered self mechanism
      involving both antigen and the target B-cell I-region products. This does not
      preclude a requirement for associative recognition or altered self in the
      interaction of helper T cells with accessory cells.

PMID- 1087329
TI  - Multiple H-2 linked immune response gene control of H-2 D-associated T-cell
      mediated lympholysis to trinitrophenyl-modified autologous cells: Ir-like genes
      mapping to the left of I-A and within the I region.
AB  - One of the more recent associations of the murine H-2 major histocompatibility
      complex (MHC) with immune function has been the finding that cytotoxic T-effector
      cells generated by sensitization with viral-infected (1-6), chemically modified
      (7-9), or weak transplantation antigen-associated (10,11) syngeneic cells can
      efficiently lyse target cells which express the same viral, chemical, or weak
      antigenic agent, and which share the H-2K and/or H-2D regions of the MHC with the
      responding and/or stimulating cells. Furthermore, an additional contribution of a
      gene(s) within the H-2 complex has been demonstrated which controls immune
      response potential (Ir genes) in the generation of cytotoxic effector cells to
      trinitrophenyl (TNP)-modified self components (12,13). In such studies it was
      found that certain B10 congenic strains generated good cytotoxic responses to
      both TNP- modified H-2K and H-2D region products, whereas other B10 congenic
      strains exhibited preferential or exclusive reactivity against TNP-modified H-2K
      region products. Some of these recombinant strains differing in response
      potential to TNP- modified H-2D products expressed the same haplotype at the D
      end, but differed at the K end of H-2. The low responsiveness observed in the
      B10.A strain to TNP-modified H-2D(d) when compared to B10.D2 and (B10.A x
      B10.D2)F(1) for the same specificity, suggested a role of dominant Ir genes which
      map in K, I-A, I-B, I-J, and/or I-E (12, 14). In the present report an attemnpt
      was made to further map within the MHC the Ir gene(s) controlling cell-mediated
      lympholysis (CML) to TNP-modified H-2D(d), by using recombinant mouse strains on
      the A and B10 backgrounds. Irrespective of the genetic background, the s and k
      haplotypes at the K end generated high and low cytotoxic responses, respectively,
      to H-2D(d)-TNP. The intermediate responder and low responder status of the A.TL
      and A.AL strains, respectively, indicated that a gene mapping in the K region of
      H-2 influences response potential. Furthermore, the differences in the levels of
      cytotoxicity detected in the A.TH and A.TL strains suggested an additional I
      region influence. Taken together these findings raise the possibility that
      multiple genes mapping within different regions of the MHC control the level of T
      cell-mediated cytotoxicity to chemically modified autologous cells.

PMID- 1087331
TI  - Daily variations in the effects of disturbance on growth, fattening, and
      metamorphosis in the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) tadpole.
AB  - Bullfrog tadpoles subjected to the daily disturbance of water replacement
      demonstrated differences in the rates of growth and metamorphosis and in fatbody
      weights which depended on the time of day when water replacement occurred. Early
      daily disturbances stimulated larval growth whereas midday disturbances
      stimulated metamorphosis. The time when the daily disturbances caused fattening
      changed during metamorphosis so that younger tadpoles fattened when disturbed
      early in the photoperiod and older tadpoles fattened when disturbed at midday.

PMID- 1087332
TI  - Electrical modulation of nervous system function.

PMID- 1087333
TI  - Electrical stimulation of the spinal cord in patients with demyelinating and
      degenerative diseases of the central nervous system.

PMID- 1087334
TI  - Cerebeller stimulation for cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1087335
TI  - Thymus dependence of rabies vaccine.
AB  - Immune responses to rabies vaccine were compared with those to known thymus
      dependent and thymus-independent antigens, in nude mice and their normal litter
      mates. No antibody response to, or protection against, challenge was observed in
      nude mice inoculated with either 1 or 2 doses of rabies vaccine. A single dose of
      the same vaccine induced a substantial antibody response and protected normal
      mice. These data indicate that the antigens in rabies vaccine that induce
      neutralizing antibody and protect mice are thymus-dependent.

PMID- 1087336
TI  - Galactolipid content and fatty acid composition of amphibian central nervous
      system.

PMID- 1087337
TI  - Precision of reinnervation of original postsynaptic sites in frog muscle after a
      nerve crush.
AB  - Regenerating neuromuscular junctions in the cutaneous pectoris muscle of the frog
      were examined by light and electron microscopy up to three months after crushing
      the motor nerve. The aim was to determine the precision of reinnervation of the
      original synaptic sites. More than 95% of the original postsynaptic membrane is
      recovered by nerve terminals and little, if any, synaptic contact is made on
      other portions of the muscle fibre surface. Even after prolonged denervation when
      the Schwann cells have retracted from 70-80% of the postsynaptic membrane,
      regenerating terminals return to and cover a large fraction of it. Although
      synapses are confined to the original synaptic sites, the pattern of innervation
      of muscle fibres is altered in several ways: (a) regenerating axon terminals can
      fail to branch leaving small stretches of postsynaptic membrane uncovered; (b)
      two terminal branches can lie side by side over a stretch of postsynaptic
      membrane normally occupied by one terminal; and (c) after growing along a stretch
      of postsynaptic membrane on one muscle fibre, terminals can leave it to end
      either in extracellular space or on the postsynaptic membrane of another fibre.
      Altogether the results demonstrate a strong and specific affinity between the
      original synaptic sites and regenerating nerve terminals.

PMID- 1087338
TI  - Altered patterns of innervation in frog muscle after denervation.
AB  - The pattern of reinnervation of muscle fibres after a nerve crush was examined in
      the cutaneous pectoris muscle of the frog by microscopy and electrophysiology.
      Normally, about 16% of the muscle fibres are innervated by more than one motor
      neuron. Two months after reinnervation, about 50% of the fibres are
      polyneuronally innervated and this high incidence persists for at least seven
      months. The total number of neurons reinnervating the muscle, as well as the
      number of muscle fibres comprising the muscle, are normal. However, nerve fibres
      sprout branches at the site of the crush, and, therefore, the number of axons
      entering the muscle is greater than normal. Regenerating axons contact muscle
      fibres precisely at the original synaptic sites and the terminal branches from
      different axons that end on the same muscle fibre often run side by side
      occupying stretches or original postsynaptic membrane normally covered by one
      terminal. Our findings indicate that the amount of synaptic contact during
      regeneration is limited by the amount of original postsynaptic membrane and that
      any number of axons that reach vacant portions of original postsynaptic membrane
      can make synaptic contact with it. Surprisingly, control cutaneous pectoris
      muscles, situated contralaterally to those that were denervated, also exhibited
      an abnormal pattern of innervation. Although neither nerve nor muscle was
      disturbed by the operation, there was a higher incidence of polyneuronal
      innervation (27% vs 16%) than in muscles of normal animals.

PMID- 1087339
TI  - Intramembranous particle distribution at the node of Ranvier and adjacent
      axolemma in myelinated axons of the frog brain.
AB  - The plasma membrane of myelinated axons in the frog brain has been examined by
      the freeze-fracture technique. The cytoplasmic leaflet of the axolemma contains
      numerous randomly distributed particles in nodal and internodal regions but
      relatively fewer particles in the axoglial junctional portion of the paranodal
      region. Particle distribution is even less uniform in the outer leaflet of the
      axolemma, which contains a low concentration of particles in the internodal
      region and a relatively high concentration at the node of Ranvier (approximately
      1200 particles mum-2). The nodal particles tend to be larger than most
      intramembranous particles, approaching 200 A diameter. The paranodal region of
      the leaflet is virtually devoid of such particles except in the narrow helical
      'groove' which faces extracellular clefts between terminating glial processes. In
      places this pathway widens to form 'lakes' up to approximately 0.3 mum2 area
      which contain large numbers of large particles resembling those at the node. The
      concentration of particles at the node is in the same range as the concentration
      of sodium channels estimated to be in this region and it is suggested on the
      basis of their location and concentration that these particles represent
      ionophores. The distribution of particles in the paranodal region suggests that
      the large intramembranous particles do not have free access to the axoglial
      junctional portion of the membrane and therefore the movement of such particles
      along the paranodal region of the membrane may occur primarily in the membrane of
      the 'groove' spiraling through this portion of the axolemma. Such a restriction
      in surface area for particle movements on either side of the node of Ranvier
      could result in trapping of particles at the node and thus contribute to their
      concentration in the nodal axolemma.

PMID- 1087340
TI  - Percutaneous stimulation in the treatment of acute and chronic pain.

PMID- 1087341
TI  - The use of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TNS) in the treatment of
      multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 1087342
TI  - Pain--theories and treatment by cutaneous afferent stimulation.

PMID- 1087343
TI  - Nucleosides. 1. 9-(3'-Alkyl-3'-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)adenines as lipophilic
      analogues of cordycepin. Synthesis and preliminary biological studies.
AB  - A series of lipophilic 9-(3'-alkyl-3'-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)adenines of
      increasing chain length was synthesized from the corresponding branched sugars
      via titanium chloride catalyzed ribosylation of chloromercuri-6-benzamidopurine.
      Enhanced growth inhibitory activity was observed against (CCRF-CEM human
      lymphoblastic leukemia cells in culture as the length of the alkyl side chain in
      the sugar and the resultant lipophilic character of the nucleoside were
      increased. Experiments involving incorporation of radiolabeled uridine,
      thymidine, and leucine revealed that in contrast to cordycepin (1) the 3'-n-butyl
      and 3'-n-hexyl analogues 5 and 6 markedly inhibit not only RNA synthesis but DNA
      and protein synthesis as well.

PMID- 1087344
TI  - Aryl-s-tetrazines with antiinflammatory activity.

PMID- 1087345
TI  - Influence of regenerative capacity and innervation on oncogenesis in the adult
      frog (Rana pipiens).
AB  - Twenty-two sarcomas were induced in 19 adult frogs (Rana pipiens) treated with 3
      methylcholanthrene pellets. Thirteen of these tumors arose first in a denervated
      forelimb, and only 2 arose first in normal or nerve-supplemented control
      forelimbs (P = 0.004). The remaining tumors developed either as a second tumor in
      a tumor-bearing frog or in hindlimbs. The critical role of innervation in
      regenerative capacity suggests that the predilection to tumor formation in the
      denervated limbs may have resulted from their lessened regenerative capacity.

PMID- 1087346
TI  - Effects of thymectomy and antithymocyte serum on spontaneous regression of Friend
      virus-induced erythroleukemia.
AB  - To evaluate the role of immune response in regression of leukemia, we studied the
      effect of immunosuppression on the spontaneous regression of a leukemia induced
      by a specific strain of Friend murine leukemia virus complex (RFV). Thymectomy of
      newborn but not adult outbred Swiss mice markedly inhibited regression. The
      effect of antithymocyte serum (ATS) on regression depended on the timing of ATS
      treatment. Regression was markedly inhibited in leukemic mice given ATS just
      before the start of regression. During leukemia development, ATS treatment but
      not thymectomy potentiated splenomegaly and delayed the start of regression. Both
      ATS treatment and neonatal thymectomy increased mortality as a function of the
      decrease in disease regression. Treatment with normal rabbit serum also inhibited
      regression but, when given during leukemia development, affected neither the
      splenomegalic response to RFV nor the number of deaths. The data demonstrated
      that an intact immune system was required for leukemia regression and suggested
      that some thymus-dependent parameter of immune response was a major factor in
      regression.

PMID- 1087347
TI  - Suppressor factor secreted by T-lymphocytes from tumor-bearing mice.
AB  - Spleen cells from C57BL mice bearing the syngeneic carcinoma 3LL enhanced tumor
      growth. Tumor growth was also enhanced by a soluble factor found in the media of
      cultured spleen cells from tumor-bearing animals. This factor suppressed a
      protective immune response of the host and was found to be a product of T
      lymphocytes. Removal of B-lymphocytes and macrophages did not prevent its
      appearance in the culture media, whereas removal of T-lymphocytes inhibited its
      appearance. Similar suppressor factors were obtained from C3H mice bearing the
      3LL tumor and from mice with other tumors. The suppressing factor produced after
      the growth of 3LL tumor also enhanced the growth of other tumors. It could act on
      strains incompatible with the donor of the factor-producing cells. Hence tumor
      growth was possibly facilitated by soluble products of T-lymphocytes that were
      found in spleens of tumor-bearing mice and that nonspecifically suppressed immune
      defense mechanisms.

PMID- 1087348
TI  - Cytotoxicity responses to melanoma cells by human lymphoid cell subpopulations.
AB  - Lymphoid cell subpopulations from normal donors and patients with malignant
      melanoma were assessed for cytotoxicity. Unfractionated mononuclear cells and T
      cells from melanoma patients gave cell-mediated cytotoxic (CMC) responses to
      melanoma target cells but not to human fibroblasts. These specific CMC responses
      to melanoma cells were partially inhibited by autologous serum. Non-T-cells and
      nonrosetting cells from melanoma patients were not directly cytolytic for
      melanoma target cells; however these same subpopulations were cytotoxic in the
      presence of autologous serum, which indicated antibody-dependent cell cytotoxic
      responses. Non-T-cell subpopulations from normal donors were not cytotoxic when
      incubated with autologous serum. A third cytotoxic mechanism was demonstrated
      with complement (C3) receptor-activated lymphocytes. From both melanoma patients
      and normal donors, cells forming rosettes with erythrocyte-antibody-complement
      were nonspecifically cytotoxic for lung fibroblasts and melanoma target cells,
      These responses were independent of antibody, since melanoma serum presumably
      containing antibody to melanoma target cells neither enhanced nor blocked
      cytotoxicity mediated by C3 receptor-bearing lymphocytes. The results indicated
      that lymphoid cell subpopulations from the same melanoma patient could express at
      least three different lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity mechanisms against
      melanoma target cells.

PMID- 1087349
TI  - The Fv-2r resistance gene in mice: its effect on spleen colony formation by
      Friend virus-transformed cells.
AB  - To determine the mechanism by which the recessive Fv-2r gene confers complete
      resistance to spleen focus formation and to the induction of early splenomegaly
      characteristic of the Friend virus (FV) disease syndrome, we compared the
      parameters of FV infection in susceptible DBA/2 (D2) (Fv-1n, Fv-2s) and partially
      congenic D2.Fv-2r (Fv-1n, Fv-2r) mice. After infecting these mice with N-tropic
      FV complex, we followed the replication of spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) and
      the generation of SFFV-transformed tumor colony-forming cells (CFC) in their
      spleens. By both parameters D2.Fv-2r mice were 20- to 100-fold less susceptible
      than DBA/2 controls, but the inhibition was only partial. Transplantation of
      washed spleen cells from SFFV-infected DBA/2 mice resulted in equal growth and
      recovery of tumor CFC from both D2.Fv-2r and Fv-2s mice. However, these tumor
      cells grew as colonies in Fv-2s mice, whereas they grew diffusely in the spleens
      of D2.Fv-2r hosts and did not develop into macroscopically or microscopically
      visible colonies. Thus the completeness of the resistance to spleen focus
      formation that defines the Fv-2r gene was reflected only in the complete
      suppression of the colonial growth of tumor cells, whereas the other parameters
      of infection showed no or only partial inhibition.

PMID- 1087350
TI  - Evidence for rhythms of mitotic activity in normal and adenocarcinoma cells of
      the renal tubules of Rana pipiens.
AB  - Kidneys were studied from 1,111 leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) after exposures to a
      12-hour light-12-hour dark environment. Circadian mitotic rhythms were observed
      in cells of normal and spontaneous adenocarcinomatous proximal convoluted tubules
      from these animals. Student's t-tests verified the existence of two distinct cell
      populations, normal and adenocarcinomatous, in the proximal tubules. Both the
      mitotic variations and the t-test values were significant with P values of 0.05
      or less. Mean mitotic values for the normal and spontaneous adenocarcinomatous
      proximal tubule epithelia were generally lower during the light-phase and higher
      during the dark-phase periods of the control day. The mitotic rhythm of the
      cancerous epithelium was almost always superimposable in outline over that of the
      normal epithelium during the same experimental period; i.e., the correspondence
      of phases of the normal and cancerous mitoses was almost identical in a single
      graph, although the amplitude of the cancerous mitoses was always higher. In
      addition to the reproducible circadian rhythms, the data demonstrated evidence
      for the existence of ultradian, as well as circannual rhythms.

PMID- 1087351
TI  - An assessment of intratumor phagocytic and surface marker-bearing cells in a
      series of autochthonous and early passaged chemically induced murine sarcomas.
AB  - Single cell suspensions from five different 3-methylcholanthrene-induced tumors
      in CBA mice were examined in the autochthonous host and sequentially for 5-11
      passages. They were also examined for Fc receptor-bearing, phagocytic, theta
      antigen-positive, and surface immunoglobulin-bearing cells. The preparations
      contained a high proportion of phagocytic and marker-bearing cells both in the
      original host and during early passage. This proportion was consistent for any
      particular tumor and passage. Between different tumors, however, the proportions
      were sufficiently different to allow the tumor to be identified on this basis;
      this suggested that various chemically induced tumors may be unique in their
      tumor-host relationship as measured by the type of cells which infiltrate them.
      With on-going early passage of the tumors, the proportion of marker-bearing cells
      decreased to a constant level in most instances, mainly because of a reduction in
      the percentage of phagocytic cells. The tumor with the least macrophages (MBQA,
      less than 5%) consistently appeared more rapidly and killed the host more rapidly
      than did the tumor with the most macrophages (MBQD, 15-30%), but was not
      significantly different in its growth rate. The theta antigen- and Fc receptor
      positive cells within these tumors were derived from the animal receiving the
      tumor inoculum, and thus represented host cell infiltration of the tumor. The
      results were discussed with reference to fundamental concepts of the immunology
      of chemically induced tumors and the importance of host cell infiltration within
      these tumors.

PMID- 1087352
TI  - Dependency of sister chromatid exchange in T- and B-cells on the incorporation of
      deoxyribonucleosides into chromosomal DNA.
AB  - Human T-cells (CCRF-HSB2) did not incorporate tritiated thymidine ([3H]TDR)--1.0
      5.0 muCi/ml--into the nuclei, where.as they readily incorporated tritiated
      deoxycytidine (E13H]CDR). When contamination with pleuropneumonia-like organisms
      was ruled out, these findings strongly suggested a deficiency of the enzyme
      thymidine kinase in the cells. Human B-cells (CCRF-SB) and normal T-lymphocytes
      (NTL) readily incorporated [3H]CDR, [3H]TDR, and tritiated 5-bromodeoxyuridine,
      and they clearly exhibited differential staining of the sister chromatids (SCD).
      When nonisotopic bromodeoxyuridine (BUDR), 10(-6)-10(-4) M, was used with the B
      cells and NTL, SCD were clearly evident and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) was
      relatively infrequent; when the concentration was 10(-7) M, SCD staining was poor
      but the frequency of SCE was high. SCE frequencies in NTL, measured by
      autoradiography after incorporation of [3H]CDR, were the same as SCE frequencies
      measured by staining with BUDR at 10(-4) M. In the case of CCRF-HSB2, 10(-4) M
      BUDR produced relatively high frequencies of SCE as did 10(-7) M BUDR with the
      former two cells. However, [3H]CDR with CCRF-HSB2 gave relatively low frequencies
      of SCE, of the magnitude observed after 10(-4) M BUDR was used with NTL and the B
      cells. Thus the high frequency of SCE in CCRF-HSB2 cells may have been due to the
      staining property of chromosomes that had incorporated low levels of BUDR.

PMID- 1087353
TI  - Evidence for splenic suppressor cells in C3H/He, T-cell-deprived C3H/He, and nude
      mice bearing a 3-methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma.
AB  - Suppressor cells were demonstrated in the spleens of C3H/He mice carrying 3
      methylcholantrene-induced fibrosarcomas. These cells inhibited the in vitro
      reactivity of normal lymphocytes to T- and B-cell mitogens. They disappeared
      within a few days after the tumor was surgically removed. Pretreatment of spleen
      cells (ScC) from tumor-bearing (TB) mice with either iron and a nagnet, antiserum
      against Thy 1.2 antigen plus complement, or antiserum against immunoglobulin plus
      complement demonstrated that the suppressor cells were adherent, non-T-cells
      bearing immunoglobulin at their surfaces. The suppressive effect could still be
      demonstrated by addition of SpC from TB mice 24 or 48 hours after
      phytohemagglutinin stimulation of normal SpC, SpC from TB C3H/He mice inhibited
      mitogen-induced stimulation of both C3H/He and DBA/2 lymphocytes. In T-cell
      deprived TB C3H/He mice, suppressor cells were also observed and had the same
      characteristics as those in non-T-cell-deprived mice. In nude mice, however,
      although suppressor cells were active, they were not adherent and did not bear
      immunoglobulin at their surfaces. The existence of these suppressor cells may be
      one reason why the immune system of TB animals is unable to reject the tumor.

PMID- 1087354
TI  - [Endoscopic electrolithotrity in urology].

PMID- 1087355
TI  - [Diagnostic criteria for von Willebrand's disease].

PMID- 1087356
TI  - The effect of adrenaline on the K+ -activated hyperpolarization of the
      sympathetic ganglion cell membrane in bullfrogs.
AB  - Effects of adrenaline on K+ -activated hyperpolarization of bullfrog sympathetic
      ganglion cells, preganglionic nerve axons and splanchnic nerve axons were
      studied. The K+ -activated hyperpolarization recorded from ganglion-postgangaline
      (0.3 mM). On the other hand, the K+ -activated hyperpolarization of
      postganglionic, preganglionic nerve axons and splanchnic nerve axons was not
      affected under the same experimental conditions. The facil-tatory effect of
      adrenaline on the K+ -activated hyperpolization was gradually intensified when
      the application of adrenaline was sustained for up to 60 min. The effect was
      reversible. The K+ -activated hyperpolarization recorded from ganglion cell
      bodies by intracellular microelectrodes was similarly augmented by adrenaline
      (0.1 mM). Adrenaline in this concentration, however, caused no significant
      changes of the membrane potential and conductance in the presence of ouabain
      (0.002 mM) which completely and reversibly inhibited K+-activated
      hyperpolarization. Noradrenaline showed similar but less effected and
      isoproterenol showed no significant effect on the K+ -activated
      hyperpolarization. The facilitatory effect of adrenaline was inhibited in the
      presence of phentolamine but not of DCI. These results suggested that the
      intraganglionic membrane of ganglion cells possessed some kind of adrenergic
      alpha-receptors and the electrogenic Na+ pump of ganglion cells was accelerated
      by some unknown mechanism when adrenaline reacted to these receptors.

PMID- 1087357
TI  - Effect of 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-3-N,N-dimethyl-carbamoyl-5-methoxypyrazole (PZ-177)
      on drug-metabolizing enzyme on rat liver.
AB  - Effect of 1-(m-chlorphenyl)-3-N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-5-methoxypyrazole (PZ-177)
      (62.5 and 250 mg/kg) on rat liver was investigated by measuring liver weight and
      drug-metabolizing enzyme activity. The effects of PZ-177 were compared with those
      of phenobarbital, phenylbutazone, and tiaramide hydrochloride. Increase of liver
      weight and liver/body weight ratio was observed in the rats treated with PZ-177
      or phenobarbital, however, normal values were reverted to 1--2 weeks after
      treatment. PZ-177 similar to phenobarbital, significantly enhanced the activity
      of aminopyrine demethylase and aniline hydroxylase after 1,2, and 4 weeks of
      treatment. In contrast, tiaramide hydrochloride decreased the activity of
      aminopyrine demethylase and aniline hydroxylase after 1 week of treatment, and
      significantly enhanced the activity of these enzymes after 4 weeks. The content
      of cytochrome P-450 and the activity of NADPH cytochrome C reductase were also
      increased by treatment with PZ-177. The sleeping time by hexobarbital was
      shortened significantly by the administration of PZ-177. Vmax for both
      aminopyrine demethylase and aniline hydroxylase increased by treatment with PZ
      177. However, only the Km for aniline hydroxylase was increased by treatment with
      PZ-177. From the results of these experiments, PZ-177 may be classified as a
      phenobarbital-type inducer.

PMID- 1087358
TI  - [Studies on T, B cell subpopulation in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087359
TI  - [Pathology of exogenous mycotic endophthalmitis (author's transl)].
AB  - The histological examination of five bulbi with exogenous mycotic endophthalmitis
      reveals invasion of fungi confined to the anterior segment including the anterior
      vitreous body. Hyphae are found within abscesses, and granulomas respectively.
      The posterior eye remains relatively free, however a posterior vitreous
      detachment always exists together with a massive retraction of the vitreous gel.
      These findings should be kept in mind if intravitreal injections of amphotericin
      B, or a vitrectomy are considered. After intravitreal injections of amphotericin
      B no retinal lesions could be revealed.

PMID- 1087360
TI  - [Observations on the pathogenesis of essential progressive iris atrophy with
      corneal dystrophy and secondary glaucoma (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given of a case of a unilateral condition of this type in a 30-year
      old woman, who was observed and repeatedly photographed for more as 7 years.

PMID- 1087361
TI  - [Indications and limits of local tri-methacycline therapy in pyogenic infections
      of the eye (author's transl)].
AB  - In addition to the preoperative treatment of acute dacryocystitis local
      administration of tri-methacycline proved to be of benefit in cases of
      endophthalmitis consequent to injury. Its subconjunctival administration is the
      therapy of choice for serpentic ulcers of the cornea.

PMID- 1087362
TI  - [Cellular basis of immunity and problems in clinical immunology].

PMID- 1087363
TI  - [Alpha 1-antitrypsin and its role in development of liver diseases].

PMID- 1087364
TI  - [Dynamics of T- and B-lymphocytes in patients with viral hepatitis].

PMID- 1087365
TI  - [Reactivity of T-lymphocytes during the acute stage of cerebral stroke].

PMID- 1087366
TI  - Immunospecific labeling of mouse lymphocytes in the scanning electron microscope.
AB  - Bone marrow-derived (B) and thymus-derived (T) Balb/c mouse lymphocytes were
      identified in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) by the immunospecific
      attachment of one of several kinds of large-molecular-weight markers
      distinguishable in SEM. These markers (tobacco mosaic virus, keyhole limpet
      hemocyanin, bushy stunt virus, and bacteriophage T4) could be modified with
      hapten groups and linked with anti-hapten antibody, in an indirect (sandwich)
      scheme, to hapten-modified anti-cell-surface antibody bound to the cell surface.
      Hapten-modified antibodies to B cell antigens (goat anti-mouse-immunoglobulin) or
      to T cell antigens (rabbit anti-mouse brain) were employed to identify these two
      lymphoid cell types in unfractionated spleen, mesenteric lymph node, bone marrow,
      and thymus cell populations. The topography of B cells was always
      indistinguishable from that of T cells. No surface features were found to be
      unique to either cell type. In suspension, the majority of B and T cells had one
      or no microvilli regardless of the tissue source of the labeled cells. Cells in
      suspension that had microvilli (usually 10% of the total cell population) were
      always unlabeled. However, after cell contact with a glass surface, approximately
      half of both the B and T cell population had a villous topography.

PMID- 1087367
TI  - Hamycin: separation of toxicity and antifungal activity in mice.

PMID- 1087368
TI  - The influence of surgery on survival of patients with angina.

PMID- 1087369
TI  - [A case of histiocytosis X with atypical histological characters].

PMID- 1087370
TI  - Ly phenotype of T-cells releasing T-cell replacing factor.

PMID- 1087371
TI  - Persistence of anti-immunoglobulin on the lymphocyte surface.

PMID- 1087372
TI  - Immunodepression, high IgM levels and evasion of the immune response in murine
      trypanosomiasis.

PMID- 1087373
TI  - Absence of intestinal mast cell response in congenitally athymic mice during
      Trichinella spiralis infection.

PMID- 1087374
TI  - Effect of p-nitrophenyl diazonium fluoroborate on cholinergic mechanisms.
AB  - Electrophysiological experiments were done to investigate the effect o p
      nitrophenyl diazonium fluoroborate (p-NPD) on motor endplates of the frog's m.
      cutaneus pectoris. The compound has no direct depolarizing effect on the
      postsynaptic membrane and stabilizes it irreversibly when added to the bath.
      Longtime iontophoretical applications of p-NPD produce a biphasic effect:
      initially a potentiation of the depolarizations due to acetylcholine (ACh) (both
      iontophoretically applied and presynaptically liberated), and subsequently an
      inhibition of the response to ACh. When the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is
      inactivated previously, only the inhibiting effect of the compound is
      demonstrable. The association constant of p-NPD to purified AChE and to membrane
      fragments of electroplax was determined by biochemical methods. The compound's
      affinity to the AChE was found to be about 20 times greater than to the
      acetylcholine receptor (AChR). Iontophoretical application of p-NPD to
      cholinergic neurons in the hippocampal cortex of the cat also produced the
      characteristic biphasic effect on ACh-induced activity of these investigated
      neurons. The results suggest that the biphasic effect depends on the capacity of
      p-NPD to combine with both the AChE and the AChR. The AChE is first inhibited
      with low concentrations thereby potentiating the ACh response. At higher
      concentrations the AChR's are progressively inhibited too, thereby diminishing
      the excitability of the postsynaptic membrane up to a complete block.

PMID- 1087375
TI  - Effect of atropine and oxotremorine on the release of acetylcholine from the frog
      spinal cord.
AB  - The in vitro frog spinal cord has been used to study acetylcholine (ACh) release
      and spinal root potentials. The preparation bathed in an eserine-containing
      medium spontaneously released ACh into the bathing fluid. This release was
      enhanced by atropine in a dose-related and long-lasting manner and transiently by
      oxotremorine. The release rate of ACh was increased by low frequency ventral root
      stimulation; this increase was found to be proportionally the same after
      application of atropine. Oxotremorine did not modify the elctrically-evoked ACh
      release but blocked or reduced the effect of atropine. It is concluded that the
      stimulatory action of atropine on ACh output cannot be entirely explained by an
      interaction of atropine with presynaptic cholinergic receptors and that other
      indirect mechanisms (via interneurones) may play a role in this effect.

PMID- 1087376
TI  - Ampicillin-resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae type B in North Carolina.

PMID- 1087377
TI  - Changes in human  lymphocyte subpopulation in Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - An investigation of 33 patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma--both treated and
      untreated--has revealed lymphocytopenia and a significant decline in the absolute
      number of T lymphocytes labeled with rosettes with sheep erythrocytes to be due
      in these patients not to the tumorous disease itself, but probably to the
      intensive nature of the therapy. A marked decline in the absolute number of B
      lymphocyte subpopulation, determined by the formation of rosettes with mouse
      erythrocytes, occurs during a fresh relapse of patients with an active Hodgkin's
      lymphoma. This decline is probably independent of the preceding treatment, of the
      clinical stage of the disease and of its histological type.

PMID- 1087378
TI  - T and B lymphocytes in malignant melanoma patients.
AB  - The method of formation of spontaneous (E) and immune (EAC) rosettes and the test
      of lymphocyte survival in short-term cultures with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) have
      been used as parameters of cellular immunocompetence in 64 patients with
      malignant melanoma and 33 control donors. Significant changes have been found in
      the number of T lymphocytes whose values corresponded to the clinical stage as
      well as to the clinical postoperational course in the patients. A decreased
      number of T lymphocytes was a sign of progression of the disease, while a normal
      value indicated remission. Lowered ratios of T lymphocytes were followed by an
      increased proportion of both the B lymphocytes and the null, nonrosetting cell
      elements. The results in patients with malignant melanoma permit the relevant
      parameters to be considered as an effective in vitro correlate of cellular
      immunity of these patients.

PMID- 1087379
TI  - [Dimer-X ventriculography (author's transl)].
AB  - After the first report on ventriculography with a water-soluble contrast medium,
      Conray, by Campbell et al., many authors reported complications such as
      convulsion which are attributable to the irritating effect of this agent. On the
      other hand its value has been appriciated. Recently Gonsette recommended a new
      water-soluble contrast medium, meglumine iocarnate (Dimer-X), for
      ventriculography and reported that this new agent is less epileptogenic and less
      harmful. Because of these advantages, they have been performing ventriculography
      routinely with Dimer-X and recognized its usefulness. The only noticeable
      complication has been the transient elevation of body temperature in almost a
      half of the series. As far as our experience goes there is no case of convulsive
      seizure as complication. As compared to gas ventriculography, the fine details of
      dimension and configuration of the ventricles are far more beautifully delineated
      with the water-soluble contrast media.

PMID- 1087380
TI  - The excessively small ventricle on computed axial tomography of the brain.
AB  - Computed axial tomography has made it possible to observe excessively small
      ventricles in a variety of disorders of the CNS. This finding is presumably due
      to non-specific and diffuse swelling of brain parenchyma, and is illustrated in
      cases of trauma, neoplasm, encephalitis, pseudotumor cerebri, metabolic disorder,
      and probable dilantin effect. It is likely that other causes will be encountered
      in the future.

PMID- 1087381
TI  - A light and electron microscopic examination of dorsal root afferent development
      in three species of Anurans.

PMID- 1087382
TI  - Tectal deafferentation in the frog: selective loss of L-glutamate and gamma
      aminobutyrate.

PMID- 1087383
TI  - The effect of L-5-hydroxytryptophan on self-mutilatin in Lesch-Nyhan disease: a
      negative report.
AB  - Four patients with Lesch-Nyhan disease were treated with L-5-hydroxytryptophan,
      alone, or in combination with carbidopa, and their effect on self-mutilatory
      behavior was compared to that observed during periods in which placebo was
      administered. Observation periods were carefully standardized because of the ease
      with which patient-observer interactions can influence the behavior of the Lesch
      Nyhan patient. The dosage level was sufficient to produce undesirable side
      effects (diarrhea and vomiting). No effect on self-mutilation was observed under
      test conditions in the hospital or in the natural environment of the home. These
      results contrast with previous beneficial effects reported by others.

PMID- 1087384
TI  - Inhibitory activity in sera from patients with acute and chronic hepatitis and
      its clinical significance.

PMID- 1087385
TI  - Clinical applications of in vitro tests for cell-mediated immunity in liver
      diseases.

PMID- 1087386
TI  - [Lymphocyte typing in chronic hepatopathies].

PMID- 1087387
TI  - [Lymphocyte populations in HBAg-positive acute hepatitis].

PMID- 1087388
TI  - [Indications and contraindications for surgery in coronary insufficiency].
AB  - The indications to aortocoronary by-pass technique have during the last two years
      developed thanks to surgical, emodinamic and clinical exsperiences. The mortality
      of patients in whom surgery is limited electively to the intervention of aorto
      coronary by-pass is at present around 4%. The principal indications to surgery
      are: a) existence of more than one coronary artery disease; b) a good diameter of
      the by-passing artery (more than 1 mm) corresponding to the site of the by-pass
      graft; c) a left ventricular telediastolic pressure lower than 20 mm of Hg; d)
      left ventricular function with ejection fraction not lesser than 0,40; e) absence
      of any associated severe and irreversible damages. The comparative data obtained
      recently from coronary patients medically and surgically treated would show at 4
      years a survival rate higher than in those who underwent aorto-coronary by-pass.

PMID- 1087390
TI  - Electrical stimulation in the relief of pain: a pilot study.
AB  - A group of 26 patients who suffered from chronic pain resistant to other
      therapeutic measures, were given electrical stimulation in two forms. The first
      utilised penetrating acupuncture needles connected to a standard Chinese
      electrical impulse generator and the second method employed American
      transcutaneous stimulators with conducting skin electrodes. At long term follow
      up 50 percent of patients treated exhibited sustained relief--20 percent when the
      device was used alone and a further 30 percent when it was combined with other
      forms of specific pain therapy. There was no difference in the response to needle
      acupuncture or transcutaneous stimulation. The best response was seen in patients
      with neuralgic disorders and painful musculo skeletal syndromes affecting the
      cervico thoracic region.

PMID- 1087389
TI  - [Pharmacological suppression of hyperparathyroidism in patients treated by
      periodical hemodialysis. Histological, hormonal, biochemical and radiological
      study].

PMID- 1087391
TI  - Hepatic cirrhosis, alcohol and haemorrhage.
AB  - Fifty consecutive patients with cirrhosis of the liver were investigated,
      including 29 with gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Over two-thirds of these patients
      gave a history of heavy alcohol intake. The necessity for fibre-endoscopy is
      stressed in that barium studies alone showed oesophageal varices in only 40
      percent of patients and erosive lesions were often present. Gastric varices,
      demonstrated by gastrophotography in 25 percent of patients with portal
      hypertension, were not readily detectable by standard barium meal or endoscopy.
      Radio-isotope scanning of the liver and spleen was invaluable in supporting not
      only the diagnosis of cirrhosis, but also the presence of portal hypertension,
      since the spleen was palpable in only 50 percent of such patients.

PMID- 1087392
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens and immune responsiveness; their relevance to
      rheumatic diseases.
AB  - Associations between histocompatibility antigens and human diseases have been
      found. Some of the highest correlations are with the so-called "rheumatoid
      variant" disorders. Data gained from ummunogenetic studies in laboratory animals
      has been invoked in speculation on the significance of the high antigen
      associations in disease pathogenesis. While much of this data better supports
      theories on the aetiology of other conditions with less significant antigen
      associations, it is discussed here with reference to the rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1087393
TI  - The etiology and drug therapy of kinesia: investigations by means of the coriolis
      effect under cyclizine.
AB  - The typical symptoms of kinesia were produced in 30 healthy test subjects by
      means of the Coriolis effect and the effect of cyclizine upon them was
      investigated in a single blind trial. The drug showed a clear effect on the
      autonomic symptoms (nausea) while there was no evidence of inhibition of the
      peripheral vestibular function.

PMID- 1087394
TI  - Galvanic vesitbular test.
AB  - Galvanic stimulation of the vestibular system provokes a nystagmus as well as a
      tendency to fall. The direction of these phenomena depends on the localization of
      the anode. In this study the value of the minimal current strength (threshold),
      which is able to provoke nystagmus with a constant frequency during at least 30
      sec was determined. Also the effects of the lesions in the vestibular system on
      these threshold values were measured. The method of bipolar-biaruricular
      stimulation showed to be the most sensitive one. A striking difference was found
      in the thresholds in rabbits with a vestibular organ with a lesion on that side.
      In that case the threshold for a nystagmus directed to the side with the intact
      ear was at its lowest. The conclusion is drawn that the galvanic vestibular test
      is suitable for the detection of the localization of a vestibular lesion in
      patients, especially when this lesion is located in the peripheral vestibular
      organ.

PMID- 1087395
TI  - [Cochleovestibular disorders after diving accidents].
AB  - Cochleo-vestibular lesions may result from decompression accidents and
      barotrauma. The etiology of both clinical syndromes as well as their therapy is
      discussed on the basis of seven personal observations.

PMID- 1087396
TI  - [Pendular and rotatory vestibular habituation].
AB  - The present investigations demonstrate in animals (rabbits) the existence of a
      habituation to the vestibular pendular stimulation comparable to the rotatory
      habituation by constant angular acceleration. There is no mutual transfer,
      however, between the two habituations. This confirms that the two modes of
      stimulation are not equivalent. All the tests have been made by ENG recording in
      total darkness.

PMID- 1087397
TI  - [Optokinetic nystagmus studied through otoneurologic methods].
AB  - The horizontal optokinetic nystagmus (NOC) has been studied during 5,000
      otoneurological investigations. In 16.25% of all our cases, the NOC was found to
      be either weakened in both directions, or only in one direction. There has been
      no constant relationship between intensity of the spontaneous nystagmus and NOC
      asymmetry in case of peripheral vestibular lesion. NOC asymmetry seems to be a
      reliable sign of the evolution of a lesion. Cases without peripheral hypofunction
      have been divided into three groups: ocular disturbances, brain stem lesions and
      hemispherical lesions. In these cases the value of the localization of the
      asymmetry in NOC and nystagmus induced by vestibular tests has been studied. In
      hemisperical lesions, when asymmetry affected exclusively the NOC, the direction
      of the weakened NOC was always towards  the healthy side. When asymmetry affected
      not only NOC but even nystagmus induced by vestibular stimulations, this weakened
      side of the nystagmus was less significant.

PMID- 1087398
TI  - [Use of an electrical current for accelerating bone healing].

PMID- 1087399
TI  - [Significance of the alpha-1-antitrypsin screening test and a new method].

PMID- 1087400
TI  - [Condition of the vestibular apparatus in guinea pigs exposed to industrial noise
      in intrauterine life].

PMID- 1087401
TI  - Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage clinical, radiological and endoscopic
      correlation of 100 consecutive cases.
AB  - One hundred consecutive cases of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were studied
      clinically, radiologically and endoscopically. Erosive gastritis, duodenal and
      gastric ulcer, and bleeding esophageal varices accounted for 85% of the cases.
      The presenting sign of hematamesis or melena was of no value in localizing the
      bleeding site relative to the pyloric sphincter. Erosive lesions of the esophagus
      and stomach were suspected clinically in less than 50% of the cases and were the
      lesions least amenable to radiologic diagnosis and where early endoscopy was most
      useful. Our observations demonstrate again the frequent association between
      ethanol or aspirin ingestion and erosive gastritis.

PMID- 1087402
TI  - [Assessment of the respiratory system in children following pneumocystis carinii
      pneumonia].

PMID- 1087403
TI  - Nystagmic modulation of neuronal activity in rabbit cerebellar flocculus.
AB  - 1. The responses of neuronal elements in the flocculus of the awake, restrained
      rabbit were recorded during horizontal vestibular nystagmus in the dark. 2.
      Purkinje cells showed both vestibular (Types I and II) and eye movement
      modulation of simple spike activity. Type I Purkinje cells most commonly were
      inhibited in association with the ipsilaterally directed fast phase of nystagmus
      and excited during contralaterally directed fast phases. Type II Purkinje cells
      had a similar modulation but in the opposite direction. Variations on this
      pattern included an increase in firing during fast phases in both directions. 3.
      Presumed mossy fibers and granule cells also exhibited both vestibular and
      nystagmic modulation in various combinations. The nystagmic modulation often
      began during the fast phase and continued into the early part of the slow phase.
      Mossy fibers showing both vestibular and nystagmic modulation probably arise from
      the vestibular nuclei and/or the perihypoglossal nuclei. 4. Floccular control of
      brain stem nuclei utilizes not only vestibular but also eye movement signals and
      probably all sensory and internal signals involved in the regulation of gaze.

PMID- 1087404
TI  - Block of potassium channels of the nodal membrane by 4-aminopyridine and its
      partial removal on depolarization.
AB  - 1. Voltage clamp experiments were done on single myelinated nerve fibres of the
      frog, Rana esculenta. 2. 53 muM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) reduced IK to about one
      fifth if tested with infrequent (1/min) and short (10 ms) depolarizing pulses;
      the onset time constant under these circumstances was ca. 160 s (14-15 degrees
      C). After prolonged treatment the effect was virtually irreversible. 3. At
      equilibrium with 4-AP, increasing the frequency of short pulses removed part of
      the block, the block removal accelerating with increasing pulse duration and
      frequency. 4. In 53 muM 4-AP unblocking of K channels during long (0.8 s)
      depolarizing pulses proceeded with a time constant, taur, of ca. 0.2 s.
      Restoration of block at the resting potential proceeded with a much larger time
      constant, tau'r, of ca. 1 min. 5. The stationary fraction, rinfinity, of K
      channels conducting in 53 muM 4-AP was 0.66, 0.41, and 0.24 at V = 120, 50, and 0
      mV, respectively. 6. In a series of experiments with [4-AP] varying between 13.3
      and 848 muM, taur decreased from 0.25 to 0.10 s (V = 130 mV, ca. 17 degrees C)
      while rinfinity followed the empirical relation 1/rinfinity = 1 + ct + cv exp(
      0.77 EF/RT) with E = V - 70 mV. ct and cv are dimensionless quantities that
      increase with [4-AP] and reflect the voltage-independent and voltage-dependent
      component, respectively, of block. 7. Block of K channels and partial removal are
      also observed with inward IK at raised [K+]O. Removal proceeds on depolarization
      even if IK is additionally but temporarily suppressed by tetraethylammonium.
      Hence neither direction nor amplitude of IK but only the pulse potential seems to
      determine the extent of block for a given [4-AP].

PMID- 1087405
TI  - [Technics for discovery of a masked interventricular artery in coronary surgery].

PMID- 1087406
TI  - In vitro colony growth of acute myelogenous leukemia.
AB  - Colony formation in vitro by marrow cells from patients with untreated acute
      myelogenous leukemia (AML) and from patients in AML relapse is infrequent using
      the standard Robinson assay. A newly developed culture system has been described
      in which marrow from AML patients in these disease stages form leukemic cell
      colonies. In this in vitro system, phytohaemagglutinin is the essential
      stimulator for colony formation. The leukemic origin of the colonies has been
      proven by ultrastructural morphology and cytogenetics. It appears that colony
      formation by leukemic cells in this system is predominantly independent from the
      leukocyte factor which is the main stimulator in the Robinson assay for growing
      colonies of marrow cells from haematologically normal individuals.

PMID- 1087407
TI  - Oncogenesis in human acute leukemia.
AB  - By selecting, for discussion, some aspects of oncogenesis in human acute
      leukemia, we hope to focus attention on areas of current interest which promise
      to provide important advances in our knowledge and understanding of human
      neoplasia, and, in time, may lead us nearer to the goal of disease control and
      eventual eradication.

PMID- 1087408
TI  - Iodination as a probe for small regions of disrupted secondary structure in
      double-stranded DNAs.
AB  - Conditions were established where the thallium-catalyzed iodination of random
      coil DNA proceeded 100-200 times faster than for native DNA. This reaction was
      explored as a probe for localized regions of disrupted base pairs in duplex DNA.
      A heteroduplex was constructed between DNA fragments produced by Hind II + III
      cleavage of phi80 plac DNA and phi80 plac DNA containing the Ll deletion (73
      nucleotides in length). This heteroduplex incorporated twelve times as much
      iodine as the parent homoduplex fragments. Hence the technique could reveal the
      presence of a few (two or more) nonpaired cytosines, if they existed within an
      otherwise helical DNA fragment 789 base pairs long. Iodination studies were
      performed on superhelical SV40 DNA and on linear lambdaplac DNA. Analysis of the
      relative amount of iodine in restriction endonuclease fragments of these DNA's
      revealed the absence of localized single-stranded regions.

PMID- 1087409
TI  - [Serum antitrypsin in neoplastic diseases].

PMID- 1087410
TI  - [Analysis of arterial traumas in our records].

PMID- 1087411
TI  - [Role of lymphocytes in physiological and pathological processes].

PMID- 1087412
TI  - [Hemorrhages of the digestive tract. Diagnosis and treatment using selective
      arteriography and perfusion of intra-arterial vasopressin].
AB  - Diagnosis of GI bleeding can safely be done by selective angiography of abdominal
      vessels. Patients are studied during acute bleeding phase with the Seldinger
      Odman technique. In our experience we have a success rate of 89.4% in cases of
      arterial bleeding. Once diagnosis has been made, the selective catheter can be
      used to perform an infusion of a vasoconstrictive drug or selective embolization
      to treat the bleeding. This technique gives good results in case of arterial
      bleeding and is only a paliative method in case of esophageal varices.

PMID- 1087413
TI  - [Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy and toxacariasis. Report of a case].
AB  - This is a report of a case a larval granulomatosis associated with immunoblastic
      lymphadenopathy, corroborated by laboratory and histologic studies compatible
      with that. The etiopathogenesis, clinical picture and diagnosis of both diseases
      are commented, and the possible relationship between them is stressed.

PMID- 1087415
TI  - [Colour vision and traffic lights (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087414
TI  - [Clinical experiences with tolectin in rheumatic diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087417
TI  - Autoimmune thyroiditis in T-cell-depleted rats.

PMID- 1087416
TI  - Regulation of the induction of colonies in vitro by normal human lymphocytes.
AB  - Lymphocytes isolated from normal human peripheral blood can be induced to form
      colonies in vitro by incubation with the appropriate inducer. Phytohemagglutinin
      can induce colonies with T (thymus-derived) lymphocytes. Optimun colony formation
      with about two colonies per 10(2) peripheral blood lymphocytes was obtained by
      adding, in addition to phytohemagglutinin, autologous plasma, autoologous red
      blood cells, and fresh L-glutamine or L-cystine. In the absence of these fresh
      amino acids, no colonies were formed at seeding levels below 10(5) cells per 35
      mm petri dish. The addition of either of these amino acids gave a 10-fold
      decrease in the minimum number of cells that had to be seeded for colony
      formation. Lipopolysaccharide did not induce the formation of colonies, but
      enhanced the formation of T cell colonies by phytohemagglutinin. The mixing of
      lymphocytes from persons with and deficient in glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase
      (EC 1-1-1-49) has shown that phytohemagglutinin-induced colonies can be derived
      from single cells and are, therefore, clones. No colonies were formed by lethally
      irradiated cells. Incubation with pokeweed mitogen also induced the formation of
      colonies. With autologous plasma and autologous red blood cells, pokeweek mitogen
      induced about one colony per 5 X 10(3) cells seeded and no colonies at seeding
      levels below 10(5) cells per petri dish. The minimum number of cells needed for
      colony formation by pokeweed mitogen was not decreased by fresh L-glutamine or L
      cystine. The results indicate that normal human lymphocytes can be cloned in
      vitro and that induction of these lymphocyte colonies can be regulated by lectins
      and other specific factors.

PMID- 1087418
TI  - The concept of prevalence applied to psychiatric disorders and symptoms.
AB  - Statements about prevalence, of the type 'x% of the general population are
      mentally ill', imply a concept of prevalence that is difficult to define
      operationally. It requires the specification of a cut-off point, a level of
      severity from which the presence of an illness can be inferred, and this is
      largely arbitrary. A more generally useful type of statement compares the
      frequency distribution of severity for declared cases with that for the rest of
      the population. This avoids the need for a defined cut-off point. We are still
      left with the problem of defining a dimension of severity and a declared case,
      but these should follow easily from a clear statement of the purpose of any
      specific inquiry. The argument is illustrated from the results of a study of self
      referrals to general practitioners.

PMID- 1087419
TI  - Mental, medical and social problems in a psychiatric population.

PMID- 1087420
TI  - A study of the factors influencing mortality rates from gastrointestinal
      haemorrhage.
AB  - A prospective study is reported of 300 consecutive patients admitted to the
      General Hospital, Birmingham, because of acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage. The
      characteristics of the group have been outlined and the causes of death examined.
      It is shown that in patients diagnosed as having peptic ulcer or erosions, the
      major causes of death were thrombotic vascular disease and surgical
      complications. Current policies in the management of gastrointestinal bleeding
      are examined in this light, and it is concluded that gastric resection should be
      avoided wherever possible, and that procedures should be considered which might
      reduce intravascular clotting. The advisability of immediate surgery is also
      questioned and a case made for consideration of a policy of more prolonged
      resuscitation. A detailed analysis of mortality rates is included from reported
      European series, with particular reference to the increasing proportion of older
      patients. Taking this into consideration, it is argued that mortality rates are
      continuing to improve, and that early diagnosis must be an important contributory
      factor. It is also pointed out that not only are nearly half the patients in
      present studies over the age of sixty, but also the risk of developing such a
      haemorrhage is much greater in the older sections of the community.
      Gastrointestinal bleeding is more of a geriatric than an adolescent problem.

PMID- 1087421
TI  - A role of upper cervical afferents on vestibular control of neck motor activity.

PMID- 1087422
TI  - [Role of antilymphocytic antibodies in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus
      erythematosus].

PMID- 1087423
TI  - [In vitro sensitivity of Trichomonas vaginalis to canestan (clotrimazole)].

PMID- 1087424
TI  - A solution to the problem of medical.

PMID- 1087425
TI  - [Cytogenetics of megaloblast transformation].

PMID- 1087426
TI  - [Effects of benzodiazepine drug (LS 519) on gastric secretion induced by
      "histalog" and by food in patients with duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1087427
TI  - [Fibrobronchoscopy, Results of 80 examinations carried out under general
      anesthesia].

PMID- 1087428
TI  - [Acute renal failure: disorders of calcium regulation].

PMID- 1087429
TI  - [Late reoperations for the correction of obstructions following aortofemoral
      bypass].

PMID- 1087430
TI  - [Considerations on medical residency and specialization courses in clinical
      medicine].

PMID- 1087431
TI  - [Public power and our October reunion].

PMID- 1087432
TI  - [Non-invasive diagnosis of occlusive disease of the carotid arteries].

PMID- 1087433
TI  - [Jejunostomy. Indications, use and complications].

PMID- 1087434
TI  - [Acute peritonitis induced by a perforated intestinal tuberculosis ulcer].

PMID- 1087435
TI  - [Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer combined with radiotherapy. Management
      and results].

PMID- 1087436
TI  - [Endouterine phlebography].

PMID- 1087437
TI  - [Normothermal perfusion using a membrane oxygenator. Clinical study].

PMID- 1087438
TI  - [Integration of subjects in the departments of university institutes].

PMID- 1087439
TI  - [Postpartum pituitary failure: apropos of 2 cases. New enzyme-biochemical
      parameters].

PMID- 1087440
TI  - Morphological recognition of lymphocytes and macrophages.

PMID- 1087441
TI  - Hodgkin's disease: a war between T-lymphocytes and transformed macrophages?
AB  - The interaction between Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells and autogeneic T T cells was
      investigated. It was found that T cells cytolyse RS cells in the following
      sequential manner: Stage 1, T cells affix the tips of their microvilli onto
      target cells, Stage 2, T cells subject cell membranes to tearing, and shearing
      forces which produce gaps and holes; Stage 3, target cells lyse and T cells
      "crawl" away. The relationship between the events occurring at the cellular level
      and those observed clinically are discussed. Hodgkin's disease holds a
      fascination for clinicians and "bench" scientists alike, perhaps because of the
      enigma and challenge it represents. It is not surprising, therefore, that many
      questions go unanswered. For example, we are still addressing ourselves to the
      following questions: What is the origin of the Reed-Sternberg (RS) cell? If a
      macrophage, then why do T cells attach to it and what is the nature of the T cell
      RS interaction? Why is cellular immunity so often impaired even in patients in
      the early stages of the disease? Why do patients with Hodgkin's disease sometimes
      develop autoimmune hemolytic anemia when they are, in fact, immunologically
      hyporesponsive? In this paper, I shall present evidence which answers a few of
      these questions and provides hypothetical answers to the others.

PMID- 1087442
TI  - The significance of the macrophage content of human tumours.
AB  - The effective localization of an immunogenic rat sarcoma (HSBPA) is related to
      its macrophage content. In order to infiltrate this tumous with macrophages, T
      cell function is important. In a tumour of low immunogenicity, MC3, with a low
      macrophage content, thymectomy has little effect on the ease with which such a
      tumour metastasizes. The monocytes in the peripheral blood of a rat myeloid
      leukaemia are of host origin and are significantly raised during the growth of
      the leukaemia. Similar monocytoid cells are found in human acute myelogenous
      leukaemias and appear to be important in the prognostic features of this type of
      leukaemia. The origin of these monocytoid cells has not been elucidated. In 56
      solid human tumours the macrophage content of metastatic tumours is low (less
      than 10%) whereas the range in primary or locally recurrent tumours is 0-30%. It
      is too early to say whether the low macrophage infiltrated primary will readily
      metastasize compared to the high macrophage containing tumour.

PMID- 1087443
TI  - Immunologic definition of lymphocytes: functions and markers.

PMID- 1087444
TI  - Increase in "Null" cells in acute lymphocytic leukemia in remission on long-term
      immunotherapy.
AB  - In an attempt to elucidate a possible mode of action of immunotherapy in ALL, we
      studied the mononuclear subpopulation in a group of patients with all in
      remission on long-term immunotherapy, a similar group on chemotherapy, and a
      group of normal individuals. Comparison of the three groups demonstrated a
      significant increase in the number and percentage of "null" cells in the
      immunotherapy group relative to the two others. Although the nature of these
      cells is unknown, circulating stem cells, "K" cells, or modified T, B, or
      monocytic cells are raised.

PMID- 1087445
TI  - Revised seminology of the different mononuclear cells under scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Scanning electron microscopy shows that the thymus cell surface is not smooth but
      slightly undulated; this type of surface characteristic is found on the cells of
      several types of T-lymphocyte tumors such as T-cell lymphosarcoma, mycosis
      fungoides, and T-immunoblastic lymphosarcoma. The cell surface of Frabricius'
      bursa is covered with numerous short villi. They are found on the cells of
      several kinds of B-lymphocyte tumors, including B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia,
      B-prolymphocytic lymphosarcoma, and B-immunoblastic lymphosarcoma. Mycosis
      fungoides cells frequently have a characteristic shape. Normal and myeloma plasma
      cells are similar in shape but their surface is covered with numberous
      characteristic tiny balls. Immunoblasts are twice the size of so-called small
      lymphocytes. In the blood and in the lymphocyte population transformed by
      mitogens, cell surfaces vary from completely smooth (with no undulations as in
      thymic cells) to villous, with short to very long villi. These variations are
      visible even when a constant technique and the critical-point drying method are
      used. Their significance, however, is not known.

PMID- 1087446
TI  - Surface cell markers in human lymphoid malignancies.

PMID- 1087447
TI  - An immunological classification of leukemias and hematosarcomas based on cell
      membrane markers with special reference to null cell disorders.

PMID- 1087448
TI  - Integrated EMG feedback in the management of spasmodic torticollis and focal
      dystonia: a prospective study of 80 patients.
AB  - In summary, then, without consideration of specific circuits or transmitter
      agents, one can conceive of a hypothetical model that involves both learning and
      the functional nature of the defect in torticollis and focal dystonia to describe
      the results obtained. The model must be further elaborated upon and tested,
      preferably in a quantitative manner. Naturally, the specific finding of a
      defective transmitter agent (e.g., GABA) such as described in parkinsonian
      syndrome (dopamine) or the interruption of a specific pathway that causes and
      improves a dyskinesia is desirable. In this chapter we have described the use of
      integrated EMG feedback for the treatment of focal dystonia or spasmodic
      torticollis. Although we have achieved significant results, it remains clear that
      further research in the treatment of these disorders is required. However, since
      this treatment does not require medication or surgery and the possibility for
      significant improvement is greater than 40%, it should be attempted in patients
      with focal dystonia or torticollis prior to other forms of therapy. SFT should be
      considered as a standard mode in the medical armamentarium used for the treatment
      of these disorders, either primarily or in conjunction with other forms of
      medical, surgical, and physical therapy.

PMID- 1087449
TI  - [Significance of the cephalin-kaolin coagulation time in surgical odontology].

PMID- 1087450
TI  - Simultaneous determination of arsenic, copper, manganese, selenium, and zinc in
      biological materials by neutron activation analysis.
AB  - A method for the simultaneous determination of arsenic, copper, manganese,
      selenium, and zinc in biological material was developed by the incorporation of
      separation procedures for copper and zinc into an existing procedure.
      Investigation of the performance characteristics of the method was carried out
      with reference to copper and zinc. For certain materials characterized by a high
      Cu/Zn ratio, or a high zinc content, or both, such as liver, copper interferes in
      the determination of zinc thus requiring a small correction by an iterative
      procedure. Blank values for copper depend on the rinsing of the irradiation
      container, and a single rinsing with redistilled water was found superior to
      other rinsing procedures. Nuclear interference was negligible. The accuracy of
      the method was checked by analysis of Standard Reference Materials and the
      precision verified by analysis of Intercomparison Samples. Results are presented
      for 5 male foetuses of 3-5 months' gestational age. The distribution of arsenic,
      manganese and selenium is similar to that previously reported for adults. With
      the exception of liver, concentrations of copper in foetal organs were lower than
      values in the literature indicate.

PMID- 1087451
TI  - [Rheumatismal manifestations of coloenteropathies].

PMID- 1087453
TI  - Interaction between normal and leukaemic human cells in agar culture.
AB  - The influence of leukaemic cells from 12 patients with acute leukaemia on normal
      granulopoiesis in agar culture was investigated using leukeamic cell feeder
      layers. Leukaemic feeder cells from 7 of the 12 patients elicited no colony
      growth, while cells from the remaining 5 stimulated normal colony growth. In 3 of
      the 7 non-stimulatory patients release of inhibitory factors from the leukaemic
      cells seemed responsible for the effect on normal granulopoiesis, while
      inappropriate colony stimulating factor (CSF) production by the feeder cells
      could not be ruled out in the remaining 4 patients. When the leukaemic cells were
      cultured with, as well as without, conditioned medium, cells from 5 of the
      patients formed clusters. Growth in these cultures did not correlate to the
      effect found in the feeder layer experiments.

PMID- 1087452
TI  - Biologic and analytic components of variation of concentration values of selected
      serum proteins.
AB  - The magnitude and statistical significance of the various biologic and analytic
      sources of variation of the serum concentration values of seven proteins:
      albumin, alpha1-antitrypsin, transferrin, orosomucoid, IgG, IgM, and IgA, were
      evaluated in 12 healthy subjects. Blood specimens were obtained at 0800 h, 1100
      h, and 1400 h on one particular day. The analytic error was partitioned into pre
      instrumental and instrumental components; the biologic variation was separated
      into inter-subject variation of mean levels and intra-individual within-day
      variation. The mean levels of the subjects differed significantly for all seven
      proteins studied. For the group as a whole there were no consistent diurnal
      variations of significance. However, for all the proteins, except for IgM,
      significant individual within-day biologic fluctuations were noted. The within
      day biologic variation was smaller than the total analytic variation for
      transferrin, IgG, orosomucoid, and IgM. When the total analytic variation was
      separated into pre-instrumental and instrumental components, it was found that
      the pre-instrumental sources of variation were of a relatively greater magnitude
      for albumin, IgG, IgA, alpha1-antitrypsin, and IgM.

PMID- 1087454
TI  - The effect of syngeneic peripheral blood cells on the formation of colonies by
      normal human bone marrow cells in diffusion chambers in mice.
AB  - This paper describes the influence of cells capable of releasing colony
      stimulating activity (CSA) in vitro on the formation of granulocytic colonies by
      normal human bone marrow in diffusion chambers in mice. A carbonyl iron method
      was used to remove phagocytic cells from normal human bone marrow. This treatment
      prevented spontaneous colony and cluster formation when the cells were cultured
      in agar in vitro at initial concentrations of 2-5 x 105 cells per ml. However,
      non-phagocytic bone marrow cells formed granulocytic colonies when inoculated
      into diffusion chambers at 105 cells per chamber and cultured in 450 R-irradiated
      or non-irradiated mice. The formation of granulocytic colonies by carbonyl iron
      treated marrow in diffusion chamber cultures was not consistently enhanced by the
      admixture of 1.4 x 105 1500 R-irradiated syngeneic light density blood cells
      (less than 1.077 g/ml) to the chamber inoculum. In contrast, these cells induced
      cluster or colony formation when added in the same proportion to the marrow cells
      in agar cultures in vitro. Addition of 1.4 x 105 1500 R-irradiated high density
      blood cells(greater than 1.077 g/ml) to the inoculum resulted in a slight, non
      significant decrease in the number of colonies in diffusion chambers. The
      stimulating effect of host irradiation on neutrophilic colony formation was
      independent of the presence of CSA releasing cells in the chamber inoculum.

PMID- 1087455
TI  - Changes in the surface of virus-infected cells recognized by cytotoxic T cells.
      II. A requirement for glycoprotein synthesis in virus-infected target cells.
AB  - Infection of cells with either ectromelia or lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM)
      virus in the presence of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DOG) inhibited by up to 70% the
      extent to which the infected cells become susceptible to virus-specific cell
      mediated lysis. The concentration of 2-DOG used had little effect on the extent
      of total protein synthesis (incorporation of [35S] methionine) but inhibited (up
      to 25%) glycoprotein synthesis, as measured by incorporation of [3H] fucose. This
      suggested that glycoprotein synthesis was a necessary event for infected cells to
      become susceptible to T-cell mediated lysis. The profiles (polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis) of newly synthesized, cellular glycoproteins from unifected and
      ectromelia-infected cells in the presence and absence of 2-DOG were compared and
      found to be very complex, with only minor changes. However, when convalescent
      serum from infected mice was used to isolate newly synthesized components from
      the cell surface shortly after infection, it showed four main species ranging in
      size from 25,000 to 70,000 daltons. 2-DOG inhibited production of these by 70%,
      thus corresponding to the biological data. The nature of the new glycoproteins
      seen in infected cells and whether they are in fact the structures recognized by
      effector T cells remain to be determined.

PMID- 1087456
TI  - [Demonstration and analysis of immune complexes in rheumatic diseases].
AB  - By means of an immunofluorescence technique, immune complexes have been
      demonstrated in circulating blood leukocytes, in serum and in joint effusions of
      patients with various rheumatic diseases. Such complexes are present within cell
      inclusions in about 30% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA patients
      has immune complexes in serum in 75% of cases and in joint effusions in over 80%
      of cases. Soluble immune complexes were demonstrated in the serum of about 30% of
      age-matched patients with degenerative joint disease, while such complexes are
      present in the serum of only 1.5% of a younger, normal control group. The immune
      complexes chiefly contain IgG, frequently IgM and only rarely IgA. CO complement
      component can frequently be demonstrated within such complexes. In RA patients a
      statistically significant correlation (p less than 0.001) could be established
      between the presence of soluble immune complexes and erythrocyte sedimentation
      rate, but no correlation was observed between the presence of such complexes and
      the Lansbury joint index. The possible pathogenetic role of immune complex
      clearance by circulating leukocytes in rheumatoid arthritis is discussed.

PMID- 1087457
TI  - [Therapy of inflammatory-rheumatic diseases with levamisol, an immunity
      modulating substance].
AB  - Since cellular and humoral immune mechanisms were shown to be involved in the
      pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases, efforts have been made to influence these
      systems therapeutically. Aside from suppression of the immune response, studies
      have been conducted to evaluate to what extent immunostimulation might be of
      value in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Levamisole, chemically a simple
      synthetic agent recently shown to have immunorestorative capacities in anergic
      cancer patients, has been administered in several rheumatic diseases. The drug
      was administered either continuously or intermittently in a daily dose of 150 mg
      over several months. In about half of the rheumatoid arthritis patients a
      significant improvement was noted. Beneficial effects and sometimes even dramatic
      improvement lere observed in some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus,
      ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter's syndrome. Levamisole did not alter the course
      of psoriatic arthritis. Significant adverse reactions were leukopenia and
      allergic skin reactions. Other side effects were mild and did not require
      interruption of drug intake. The use of levamisole in rheumatic diseases is still
      experimental, but with accumulating experience it may provide a true improvement
      in control of rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1087458
TI  - Essential role of macrophages in chronic inflammatory processes.
AB  - It is clear that the macrophage plays a central role in the mediation of chronic
      inflammatory processes. The discussion below only alludes to certain of the
      mediators secreted by macrophages which contribute to chronic inflammation, and
      the reader is referred to other sources for further discussion of these and
      others. The combined activities of these products may account in large part for
      the effects of macrophages on its pericellular environment and neighboring cells
      during chronic inflammation.

PMID- 1087459
TI  - In vitro stimulation of lymphocytes by neutral proteinases from human
      polymorphonuclear leukocyte granules.
AB  - Two neutral proteinases, polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) elastase and cathepsin
      G, were purified from azurophil granules of human PMN. Both enzymes were found to
      stimulate both human and mouse lymphocytes in vitro. Experiments with mouse cells
      showed that the PMN proteinases are B-cell stimulants. Stimulation appears to
      depend on direct proteolytic action on the lymphocyte surface and not to require
      the mediation of serum factors of the help of T-cells.

PMID- 1087460
TI  - Anti--DNA antibodies in patients with leukemia and lymphoma.
AB  - 217 sera from 33 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 42 with chronic
      myeloid leukemia (CML), 12 with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL), 22 with lymphoma,
      and 20 with other malignant diseases were examined by a radioimmunological
      technique for the presence of antibodies against DNA. The levels of single
      stranded DNA binding activity was significantly higher in all 3 types of leukemia
      and lymphoma compared to those of healthy controls. In contrast, none of these
      sera exhibited a positive reaction with double-stranded DNA. In some cases of
      leukemia, the level of serum anti-DNA antibodies increased after the decrease of
      the leukocytes count.

PMID- 1087461
TI  - [Spontaneous hemobilia in the differential diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal
      hemorrhages].
AB  - Hemobilia, biliary tree hemorrhage, is characterized by melana and/or
      haematemesis, biliary colic and clinical jaundice. The rare cause of
      gastrointestinal bleeding probably accounts for quite a large percentage of
      gastrointestinal hemorrhages of undetermined source. In the evaluation of
      gastrointestinal bleeding the hepato-biliary system is seldom examined unless
      trauma has occurred. However, 10-15% of cases with hemobilia are non-traumatic.
      Three cases are presented illustrating three different causes of non-traumatic
      hemobilia observed during the last three years. The diagnostic problems and the
      therapeutic possibilities are described.

PMID- 1087462
TI  - [Psychsomatic aspects of rheumatic, especially soft tissue rheumatic diseases].
AB  - Rheumatic diseases may be connected to varying degrees with psychic factors. On
      the one hand, rheumatic diseases may produce psychic reactions, while on the
      other hand rheumatic symptoms--especially in extra-articular rheumatism--may be
      induced by psychosomatic hysteric pararheumatic diseases and depressive
      mechanisms. Special reference is made to psychosomatically induced extra
      articular rheumatic diseases in which not only the complex genesis but also the
      clinical symptomatology are discussed. During therapy more attention should be
      directed to psychic factors than in the past, as only an intensive psycho and/or
      psychopharmacotherapy can influence the disease.

PMID- 1087463
TI  - [Portal hypertension - esophageal varices hemorrhage].

PMID- 1087464
TI  - [Portal hypertension - esophageal varices hemorrhage].

PMID- 1087465
TI  - [Diet, rheumatism and teeth].

PMID- 1087466
TI  - [Bleeding stomach cancer].

PMID- 1087467
TI  - [Degenerative conversion of the inflammatory responses--pathology of rheumatoid
      diseases].

PMID- 1087468
TI  - The prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency in the Indian community in Natal.
AB  - A prevalence study of iron deficiency and anaemia was done among the Indian
      population of metropolitan Durban. In all, 2500 subjects were studied. This
      survey confirms previous impressions of a high incidence of anaemia and iron
      deficiency. Iron deficiency was observed in 33% of females and 20% of males.
      Anaemia was observed in 38,1% of females and 44,3% of males. A high incidence of
      anaemia was also found in children under 10 years of age-28,6% for females and
      41,6% for males.

PMID- 1087469
TI  - Computed tomography in the diagnosis of colloid cyst.
AB  - The diagnosis of colloid cyst of the third ventricle is notoriously difficult and
      contributes significantly to the high mortality. Three cases are presented in
      which computed tomography has contributed to the diagnosis by showing (1) the
      dilatation of the lateral ventricles without dilatation of the midline
      ventricular system, and (2) the lesion as an area of increased density within the
      third ventricle. Computed tomography may reduce the overall mortality in this
      condition by reducing the number of patients who succumb undiagnosed during an
      acute phase of raised intracranial pressure.

PMID- 1087470
TI  - Amyloidoma of the gasserian ganglion.
AB  - A case report, the third in the literature, is presented of a patient whose
      progressive numbness in the second and third divisions of the trigeminal nerve
      led to the discovery of an isolated amyloidoma of the gasserian ganglion. The
      clinical impression of tumor was confirmed by surgical and pathologic findings.

PMID- 1087471
TI  - Simultaneous subdural effusion and hydrocephalus in infancy.
AB  - Hydrocephalus and subdural hematoma or effusion of infancy rarely present
      simultaneously, where both are active contributors to acutely increased
      intracranial pressure. In three cases, clinical findings characteristic of both
      were present. Decompression of one can facilitate expansion of the other. Rapid
      progression of unsuspected hydrocephalus could be responsible for some of the
      poor results reported after treatment of subdural effusion alone. This
      possibility should be considered whenever progress is unsatisfactory during
      treatment of subdural effusion.

PMID- 1087472
TI  - Endarterectomy of the left anterior descending and mainstem coronary arteries: a
      technique for reconstruction of inoperable arteries.
AB  - The proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (PLAD) is an area of
      predilection for such severe and diffuse calcific arteriosclerosis that
      reconstruction of these vessels often is impossible. The branches of this segment
      include the septal perforators, median artery, the left anterior descending
      coronary artery, and its first and second diagonal branches. Successful
      endarterectomy, therefore, would revascularize large areas of the left ventricle
      and interventricular septum. We have performed 45 such operations during the past
      13 months. Following endarterectomy there are several methods of reconstructing
      the endarterectomized vessel, the preferable technique being the addition of a
      saphenous vein bypass to the endarterectomized segment. Patients selected for
      this operation were mostly in the fair (58%) and poor risk (42%) categories;
      there were no good risk patients. Diffuse arterial disease was the rule. The
      average ejection fraction was 0.48. The operation was successful with respect to
      graft patency, bypass flow rates, and symptomatic relief. The operative mortality
      rate in the entire group was 15%, including the 19 poor risk patients in six of
      whom elective preoperative use of an antra-aortic balloon pump was required. Most
      of the surviving patients (92%) were either symptom free or greatly improved.
      Only two patients were clinically unchanged. There was one late sudden death.
      This operation is indicated when there is extensive involvement of the life main,
      the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery and its major branches. It
      is the only possible way to revascularize otherwise inoperable arteries.

PMID- 1087473
TI  - [Norwegian rheumatic patients thrive in Yugoslavia; report from a health center
      in Igalo].

PMID- 1087474
TI  - [Current aspects of melanoma].

PMID- 1087475
TI  - [A comparative study in the rat of two routes of administration of 14 c-labeled
      sodium m-trifluoromethyl-1, 3-diphenyl-4-hydroxymethylene-5-pyrazolone].

PMID- 1087476
TI  - A comparison of two methods for measurement of von Willebrand's factor
      (ristocetin cofactor)

PMID- 1087477
TI  - Lymphocyte membrane modifications induced by acetylasalicylic acid and
      dipyridamole.

PMID- 1087478
TI  - Family studies of patients with reduced ristocetin aggregation and abnormalities
      of factor VIII and/or platelet function.
AB  - Factor VIII procoagulant activity (VIIIc), antigen (vWa), mobility of the antigen
      on two dimensional immunoelectrophoresis and platelet function were studied in 9
      families with reduced ristocetin induced platelet aggregation rate (RIPA) and/or
      deficiency of plasma factor(s) required for ristocetin aggregation of washed
      normal platelets (vWf). the families could be subdivided into 4 groups. Group I
      showed dominant inheritance and reduced levels of VIIIc and vWa characteristic of
      typical von Willebrand's disease. All patients had reduced vWf and in 7 of 10
      RIPA was reduced. Group II showed normal levels of VIIIc but reduced vWa. All
      showed reduced vWf but RIPA was reduced in one patient only. There was a good
      correlation between vWf and vWa and VIIIc in both groups. The bleeding time
      correlated with vWf in group I but not group II. Group III showed normal or
      nearly normal VIIIc and vWa but there was an increased mobility of vWa compared
      to normals and to groups I and II. RIPA was markedly reduced as was the vWf in
      one patient. Group IV is represented by one child with a strong family history of
      bleeding, who had reduced RIPA and defective platelet release reaction. The vWf
      in this child was normal and the ratio between VIIIc and vWa was similar to that
      seen in carriers of haemophilia. This spectrum of abnormalities of ristocetin
      aggregation justifies the use of the term 'von Willebrand's syndrome'.

PMID- 1087479
TI  - Release, aggregation and lysis of human platelets by antilymphocyte globulin and
      antiplatelet serum.
AB  - Human platelets labeled with 51Cr were used to determine the contribution made by
      platelet lysis to the platelet release reaction and platelet aggregation induced
      by rabbit antihuman platelet serum (APS) and equine antihuman thymocyte globulin
      (ATG). Platelets were tested in both plasma (PRP) and non-plasma containing
      media. Antibodies directed against platelets, either as APS or ATG, induced
      significant amounts of platelet release and aggregation, as well as some degree
      of lysis, in the absence of complement. The presence of complement increased
      platelet lysis and aggregation, but not the release reaction. Non-immune horse
      gamma globulin produced different responses depending upon whether platelets were
      investigated in PRP or non-plasma containing media. Aggregation was seen in the
      latter but not the former. These differences can be explained by the presence of
      plasma components which prevent non-specific immune complexes from causing
      platelet aggregation. Since platelets in vivo are always in a plasma medium, one
      must be wary of utilizing data from platelet studies in synthetic plasma-free
      media as the basis of explaining clinical events. These observations demonstrate
      at least two, and possibly three, different mechanisms whereby ATG could activate
      platelets causing thrombotic complications and thrombocytopenia, i.e., via 1)
      specific and, 2) non-specific non-lytic pathways and 3) a lytic pathway.

PMID- 1087480
TI  - [Bronchoplasty in tumor surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - A series of 80 bronchial resections and other broncho-plasties is presented; 60
      operations were performed on the right side, while only 20 on the left side. The
      most frequent variation was the "sleeve lobectomy" (upper lobe with main
      bronchus). The attention is called to other possibilities so as: the
      reinplantation of the middle lobe after removal of the lower lobe and the
      intermede bronchus, the anastomosis between the left main bronchus and the upper
      lobe bronchus when the dividsion of the main bronchus must be removed together
      with the lower lobe, the repair of the continuity on the right side by means of a
      double anastomosis etc. Lethal postoperative complications occurred in 7 cases;
      29 patients died in consequence of recidives or metastases and 44 are alive (22
      more than 3 years, 8 more than 5 years). These procedures may significantly
      enlarge the resectability of the cancer in old patients and in those with limited
      respiratory reserve.

PMID- 1087481
TI  - [Experimental investigation of cardiac lymph vascular system (author's transl)].
AB  - Ligatures of the supracardiac lymph vessels and the cardiac lymph nodes have been
      performed in fifty mongrel dogs. Comparative electrocardiographical, light
      microscopical, scanning and transmission electron microscopical investigations
      were done one day to three months after surgery. The demonstrated findings
      confirmed former results concerning the topography and the microstructure of the
      cardiac lymph vascular drainage system. In addition, the comparative functional
      and morphological examinations made evident the pathogenetic importance of
      cardiac lymphostasis. Lymphostatic oedema has been discussed as a pathogenetic co
      factor for human heart diseases. Therapeutic attempts on experimental cardiac
      lymphostasis with i.v. - application of Coumarin-Troxerutin were without effect.

PMID- 1087482
TI  - [Long-term cardiac arrest by cardioplegic coronary perfusion (author's transl)].
AB  - The Mg++ aspartate-procaine-cardioplegia has been proven in animal experiments as
      well as from 1970 til 1975 in more than 1000 open-heart-procedures by a
      myocardial temperature of 32 degrees C and aortic crossclamping time up to 40
      minutes superior to all other known procedures of cardiac preservations. To
      guarantee a safe myocardial protection of the arrested heart for a remarkable
      longer period of total ischemia, we further developed the cardioplegic technique
      in the animal lab, and use it now clinically. PRINCIPLE: The arrest is induced by
      cardioplegia (Mg++ aspartate-procaine), than the arrested heart is cooled down to
      15-20 degrees C by cardioplegic coronary perfusion maintaining the oxidative
      metabolism. The perfusion is stopped. The begin of ischemia is still under normal
      ATP-levels and continuous cardioplegia. TECHNIQUE: 1. Crossclamping of the aorta;
      2. cardioplegic induced cardiac arrest by Mg++ aspartate-procaine (Kirsch); 3.
      Surface cooling of the heart; 4. Coronary perfusion by hypothermic cardioplegic
      solution (8-10 min, flow 80-120 ml/min, perfusion pressure maximal 30 mmHg).
      Perfusate: O2-saturated, erythrocyte free, 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution added
      2 mM Mg++ aspartate, 4 mM procaine, 50 mM Na+, 5 mM K+, 0,5 mM Ca++, 25 mM HCO3-,
      10 mM glucose, 200 mM mannitol, 250 mg/l 6-methylprednisolone. RESULTS: 84
      patients (29 ACVB; 55 valve replacements); crossclamping time: 71 min (SD 22);
      total time of ischemia: 57 min (SD 18; max 96, min. 27 min); reperfusion time
      restoring normal excitation-contraction of the heart: 3 min (SD 2); weaning off
      bypass: 23 min (SD 14). Hemodynamic 12 h postop.: SO2 venous 76% (SD 6). No
      sympathicomimetics were used. Only 30% of myocardial ATP is splitted after 120
      min of cardiac arrest. Electron microscopic findings show only small, reversible
      alterations of fine structure.

PMID- 1087483
TI  - [Controlling of artificial blood pumps after total heart replacement - an example
      of disregulation (author's transl)].
AB  - This is a report on the special regulation problem of the left blood pump after
      replacement of the natural heart by incorporated extracorporally driven blood
      pumps in an animal experiment. The consequence of the peripheral self-regulation
      on the transporting capacity of the bloodpumps considering the driving pressure
      and the systemic pressure losses has been investigated. Two possible controlling
      principles and the respective fields of application are discussed on the example
      of a lung oedema.

PMID- 1087484
TI  - [Possibilities of pacing the heart by transmediastinal retrocardially inserted
      leads (author's transl)].
AB  - Based upon experiences with 14 patients the clinical feasibility of
      transmediastinal retrocardial stimulation of the heart, of the left atrium as
      well as in one case of the left ventricle, is reported. Principally both can be
      stimulated by thus introduced pacemaker electodes. Thus on the one hand
      thresholds and consequently pulse effectivity appear to be a function of the
      electrode distance from the myocardium, whilst on the other hand the
      transmediastinal retrocardial thresholds are initially rather high in analogy to
      the majority taken from the atrial endocardial surface. Nevertheless, the
      transmediastinal retrocardial technique is possibly applicable for permanent
      cardiac pacing. However, additional tests about this are still necessary.

PMID- 1087485
TI  - [A simple method for tricuspid annuloplasty (author's transl)].
AB  - A new operative method for tricuspid annuloplasty is reported. In this method the
      antero-posterior portion of the tricuspid annulus is sutured to a semi-circular
      nonelastic strip of teflon by double needle sutures. Since the radius of this
      strip is shorter than the radius of the valve ring, the tricuspid annulus will be
      narrowed after the sutures are tied. Because of its simplicity, firmness and
      maintenance of the valvular ring elasticity, this method seems to be advantageous
      to all similar procedures. The results of the method in 5 patients with severe
      tricuspid incompetence have been excellent. This method can also be used for
      annuloplasty of the mitral valve.

PMID- 1087486
TI  - [Congenital aneurysms of the membranous ventricular septum (author's transl)].
AB  - In 3 patients with a congenital aneurysm of the membranous portion of the
      ventricular septum diagnosis could be made by angiography. One of these patients
      was clinically asymptomatic, while the two other patients were transferred for
      surgery because of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction or intracardiac
      left-to-right shunt. These both patients underwent successful open heart
      corrections. Aneurysms with a different intracardiac localization could be found.
      One of the cases represents an unusual association with corrected transposition
      of the great vessels.

PMID- 1087487
TI  - [Two stage surgical treatment of large ventricular septal defects (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Since March 1971, 51 infants were subjected to pulmonary artery banding (PAB) for
      a large ventricular septal defect (VSD) with pulmonary hypertension. 41 infants
      (80%) were under six months of age. Additional defects were present in 41%.
      Twelve babies died (24%). The lowest mortality was achieved in isolated VSD
      (6,7%). 28 patients subsequently underwent VSD closure and pulmonary artery
      debanding. Catheterization data revealed normal or slightly elevated pressures
      and normal vascular resistance in the pulmonary circuit in 22 children. The
      operative mortality rate was 10,7%.

PMID- 1087488
TI  - [Aneurysm of pericardial right ventricular outflow tract patches (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Among 1022 patients who underwent total repair of tetralogy of Fallot, 252
      patients received a pericardial patch of the right ventricular outflow tract
      (RVOT); and of these 10 subsequently developed an aneurysm of the RVOT. Cardiac
      catheterization and angiography revealed moderate pulmonary unsufficiency in all
      patients, a residual pressure gradient in the RVOT in seven and a residual
      ventricular septal defect in two patients. Surgery was indicated in eight
      patients because of progressive distension of the aneurysm. Reconstruction of the
      RVOT was accomplished by resection of the aneurysm and insertion of a woven
      Dacron patch in five patients, primary suture of the pulmonary artery in two and
      implantation of a woven Dacron conduit containing a Bjork-Shiley valve in one
      patient. No early or late death occured. Although aneurysms of the RVOT with
      pericardial patches represent a rare complication after total correction of
      tetralogy of Fallot, we recommend primary reconstruction of the RVOT with a woven
      Dacron patch.

PMID- 1087489
TI  - [Survival of 51cr-tagged red blood cells in patients with artificial heart valves
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Survival of 51Cr-tagged erythrocytes is determined in 10 patients approximately 1
      week after insertion of an artificial heart valve ("early hemolysis") and in 9
      patients approximately 2 years after heart valve replacement ("late hemolysis").
      Red blood cell survival is found to be significantly reduced in all patients
      following insertion of an artificial heart valve as compared to a group of
      control patients. Hemolysis is significantly more pronounced in the early
      postoperative phase than two years postoperatively. LDH and plasma hemoglobin are
      relatively good indicators of hemolysis but less reliable than the determination
      of t/2 Cr.

PMID- 1087490
TI  - [Practical work only isn't everything. On the way to a formation of nursing
      theory].

PMID- 1087491
TI  - Fatal cerebral embolism following aorto-coronary bypass graft surgery.
AB  - In a case of fatal cerebral embolic infarction following aorto-coronary bypass
      graft (ACBG) surgery, postmortem examination revealed thrombosis of the vein
      grafts to the left circumflex and left anterior descending coronary arteries.
      Continguous with the thrombus in the graft to the circumflex artery was
      thrombotic material adherent to the aortic sutures and extending several
      millimeters into the lumen of the aorta. A nonadherent thrombus of similar
      histologic character was found in the right middle cerebral artery, associated
      with localized brain infarction. In addition to the risks of cerebral
      complication associated with other types of open-heart surgery, the location of
      the vein grafts in patients undergoing ACBG operations seems to offer a unique
      mechansim for the occurrence of systemic and cerebral embolism, which may be
      operational in other cases.

PMID- 1087492
TI  - Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy.
AB  - Five cases of "sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy" are reported.
      The clinical features and histopathological appearances are described. The
      majority were African children with massive cervical lymphadenopathy.
      Histologically, the lymphnode sinuses are widely dilated by mature histiocytes,
      with phagocytosis of lymphocytes and other hematopoietic cells by the
      proliferating histiocytes. The diagnostic difficulties are discussed. These are
      the first cases recognized in Zambia.

PMID- 1087493
TI  - Electronic bladder stimulation in spinal cord paralysis.
AB  - Authors performed electronic stimulation of the paralysed bladder that was
      attributed to various innervation troubles. For this purpose, they implanted 10
      patients with stimulator Model PMS-3, each with 8 electrodes. In three cases,
      outside factors (like endocarditis, pyelonephritis aposthematosa, and progress of
      paralysis in the limbs) forced them to remove the stimulator. The other cases can
      be declared as successful, for complete bladder emptying has been obtained. The
      authors want to emphasize that patients with an implanted stimulator can dispense
      with an indwelling catheter thereby avoiding vesicoureteral reflux. The absence
      of recurrent pyelonephritis results in prolonged health. This new technique seems
      to be appropriate, especially in peripheric paralysis, while central paralysis
      connected with fibrosis of the bladder neck often requires additional surgical
      intervention, e.g. transurethral resection.

PMID- 1087494
TI  - Evaluation of cellular immunologic responsiveness in the clinical management of
      patients with prostatic cancer. II. Effect of oestrogen, cryosurgery and
      transurethral resection on thymic-dependent lymphocytic blastogenesis.
AB  - The effect of oestrogen, cryosurgery and transurethral resection (TUR) of the
      prostate on the blastogenic response of thymic-dependent peripheral blood
      lymphocytes (PBL) to the non-specific mitogen, phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) was
      evaluated as one in vitro criteria of each of these treatment modalities on the
      cellular immunologic responsiveness of 24 patients with prostatic cancer. A
      depression 5 days following receipt of oestrogen and 2-7 days following
      cryosurgery or TUR of the responsiveness of PHA-stimulated PBL was observed.
      Oestrogen-induced aberrations of responsiveness may not only be of relevance in
      prostatic cancer patients, but also suggested association between uterine cancer
      and prolonged administration of diethylstilboesterol and the development of
      vaginal tumours in offspring found in association with maternal ingestion during
      pregnancy. Particularly striking was that contrary to the reduced responsiveness
      of PBL cultured in autologous and homologous serum from patients receiving TUR,
      patients receiving cryosurgery, while also showing reduction in autologous serum,
      showed increased responsiveness when cultured in homologous serum. Although
      transient, depression of lymphocyte responsiveness, particularly if involving
      tumour-cloned T cells, may provide reduced surveillance to potential tumour cells
      leading to an alteration of tumour-host homeostasis. The potential of reduced
      tumour surveillance at least in the case of TUR, appears to be supported by
      observations that patients expiring from prostatic cancer at our institution had
      an antecedent TUR. The possibility of identifying those patients possessing
      aberrations of responsiveness prior to therapy, as well as those prone to develop
      or undergo further reduction in their responsiveness following the presently
      evaluated treatment modalities would appear to be of real and relevant concern in
      the management of the patient with prostatic, as well as other types of malignant
      neoplasms. The possibility of pre-operative and/or post-operative immunotherapy
      in such patients may be indicated pending further study.

PMID- 1087495
TI  - [Immunological and hormonal changes in chronic prostatitis].

PMID- 1087496
TI  - [Necrosis of the prostate and the urinary bladder during kumarin therapy
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The very first case of part necrosis of the ruinary bladder and prostate during
      therapy with kumarin is presented. The pathogenesis of kumarin induced necrosis
      is discussed. Apart from other findings there was histologically proved
      thrombosis of arteries and veins.

PMID- 1087497
TI  - The evolution of colour-opponent neurones and colour vision.

PMID- 1087498
TI  - [Antibodies against mitochondria, smooth muscle and nuclei in chronic liver
      diseases].

PMID- 1087499
TI  - [Vestibular stability in flight personnel with gastrointestinal tract diseases].

PMID- 1087500
TI  - [Method of stopping the pains in the acute period of discogenic radiculitis of
      varying localization].

PMID- 1087501
TI  - [Humoral and cellular immunity in newborn infants born to healthy women having
      foci of infection].

PMID- 1087502
TI  - Complement levles in relation to certain antibodies in polytransfused
      thalassaemic patients.
AB  - Polytransfused patients are exposed to a variety of antigenic stimuli which may
      eventually trigger autoimmune reactions. The relation of serum complement to the
      occurrence of various antibodies has been investigated in a group of 75
      polytransfused thalassaemic patients. The incidence of the antibodies studied was
      as follows: anti-HBs 77%, anti-Gm 64%, rheumatoid factor 31%, antinuclear 13%,
      anti-smooth muscle 47%. Anti-perietal cell, anti-thyroid and anti-kidney were
      only rarely found and antimitochondrial antibodies were never detected. Total
      hemolytic complement was low in 6 and incidentally decreased in 21 patients. A
      positive correlation was found between low serum complement and presence of
      rheumatoid factor. The high incidence of anti-smooth muscle antibodies seems to
      be unrelated to liver disease.

PMID- 1087503
TI  - False-positive Rose-Waaler rheumatoid factor titre given by anti-ruminant IgM
      antibody.
AB  - An antibody against ruminant (goat, sheep, bovine) IgM is described which also
      cross-reacts with rabbit IgM. The antibody was found in the serum of a patient
      with adult coeliac disease and a selective IgA deficiency. This patient gave a
      false high Rose-Waaler rheumatoid factor titre due to the presence of the serum
      antibody to rabbit IgM that was capable of agglutinating rabbit antibody
      sensitised erythrocytes.

PMID- 1087504
TI  - [State of blood coagulation system during use of nerobol in patients with
      rheumatism].

PMID- 1087505
TI  - [Changes of resilient-viscous properties of the arterial vessels in patients with
      rheumatism].

PMID- 1087506
TI  - [T-Lymphocyte shifts in patients with melanoma and bronchogenic carcinoma
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated in 32 patients with malignant
      melanoma, 25 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma and 59 control subjects.
      Whereas the determination of membrane immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes and of
      complement receptor-bearing lymphocytes gave comparable results in the tumour
      patient and control group, significant differences were found in the T-lymphocyte
      population using the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) assay. The so-called "active"
      Wybran rosette test, which characterizes a  T-cell subpopulation with an
      especially avid receptor for SRBC, gave significantly lower results in patients
      with melanoma (25% control 35%, p less than 0.01) and bronchogenic carcinoma (21%
      control 35% p less than 0.01). Determination of the total T-cell population using
      the Jondal rosette assay gave significantly lower values in the patients with
      melanoma (52%, control 63%, p less than 0.01), but not in those with lung cancer
      (65%). Low rosette values were detected even at low histological invasion levels
      (classified according to Clark) in the patients with melanoma. No correlation was
      found between the invasion level and the percentage of rosette-forming cells. The
      significance of these findings and the value of the rosette assay in the
      assessment of the immunological reactivity of tumour patients is discussed.

PMID- 1087507
TI  - [Gastric and duodenal erosions].

PMID- 1087508
TI  - [The routine emergency endoscopy in hemorrhages from the upper digestive tract].

PMID- 1087509
TI  - The use of endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding in private hospitals.

PMID- 1087510
TI  - Aspirin therapy in the rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1087511
TI  - [Rupture of esophageal varices: myth or reality?].

PMID- 1087512
TI  - [Stenosis and hemorrhage in the distal esophagus: diagnostic problems in
      perforating aortic aneurysms].

PMID- 1087513
TI  - [Rheumatism!].

PMID- 1087514
TI  - Alpha-galactosyltransferase activity in the serum of frogs (Rana catesbeiana).
AB  - Human blood group 0 cells were converted into B-active cells by incubation with
      uridine diphosphate D-galactose and unfractionated serum from bull frog (Rana
      catesbeiana). Under these conditions, "Bombay" (Oh) type red cells were not
      converted, and group 0 foetal cells possessing a few H antigenic sites were only
      weakly converted into B-active cells. In addition, the agglutination titer of the
      converted cells with anti-H serum decreased. These results therefore indicate
      that the conversion depends upon the presence of H-substance on the red cells. It
      was concluded from the results of this investigation that the blood group B
      specific alpha-galactosyltransferase was present in the serum of Rana catesbeiana
      as well as in the human group B serum.

PMID- 1087515
TI  - [Clinical picture of degenerative rheumatoid diseases of the cervical spine].

PMID- 1087516
TI  - [Drug therapy of most important rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1087517
TI  - [Physical therapy of diseases of the locomotor apparatus].

PMID- 1087518
TI  - [Changes in left ventricular function following aorto-coronary bypass surgery].

PMID- 1087519
TI  - [Coronarographic and ventricular dynamic findings following myocardial
      revascularization using aortocoronary venous bypass].

PMID- 1087520
TI  - [Differential diagnosis and therapy of true trigeminal neuralgia].

PMID- 1087521
TI  - [Bleeding from hiatal hernia (author's transl)].
AB  - Report on 7 cases of massive hemorrhage from hiatal hernias. In all cases
      diagnosis was made before operation by oesophago-gastroscopy and/or by selective
      angiography. Early operation is the only successful therapy. The procedure
      depends on the kind of lesion and the type of hernia. In sliding hernia a Nissen
      fundoplication, in the paraesophageal type a fundoplication combined with
      gastropexy is performed. In cases of hyperacidity a combination with vagotomy and
      pylorplasty is necessary. Ulcers should be excised or resected by a Billroth-I
      type gastrectomy. All seven patients could be cured.

PMID- 1087522
TI  - [Portosystemic anastomosis during pregnancy].
AB  - There is discussed the surgical treatment of massive otherwise uncontrolable
      haemorrhage from oesophageal varices during advanced pregnancy. The authors have
      performed in the above situation a splenorenal shunt in a women suffering from
      the prehepatic portal hypertension during her sixth month of pregnancy. The
      pregnancy was maintained but an unviable child was born. The authors were able to
      find only 5 quotations from the references available to them dealing with 5
      similar cases in women who delivered healthy babies thanks to a surgical
      intervention (5 times a portal systemic shunt, once a direct operation). The most
      important prevention of those exceptional surgical indications is the careful
      evaluation of all circumstances for a pregnancy in women with portal
      hypertension.

PMID- 1087523
TI  - Are agents affecting platelet function clinically useful in patients with
      coronary artery disease?

PMID- 1087524
TI  - [Cutaneous infiltration by neoplastic T-cells of patient with T
      lymphoproliferative disorders of adult (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087525
TI  - Investigations on the ion- and water-binding of muscle by microwave measurements.

PMID- 1087526
TI  - Tumour-host relationship and its implications in the treatment and long-term
      prognosis of laryngeal cancer. Critical observations on the TNM system of tumour
      classification.
AB  - The choice of surgical and/or X-ray treatment of a laryngeal cancer is usually
      established by taking into consideration the site of the tumor and its extension.
      The histologic type is considered only when this is easily identifiable, whereas
      the histologic grade of cellular differentiation and the tumour-host relationship
      are always erroneously disregarded. These latter factors are of a basic
      importance in establishing a "tailor-made" therapeutic programme for each patient
      and the long-term prognosis. The above factors have led to a new critical
      approach to laryngeal cancer and have also made it possible to obtain some
      practical results: 1 degrees the correct definition of the verrucous squamous
      cell carcinoma of the larynx, which is the result of the highest local defensive
      reaction to tumour growth (mediated by thymus-dependent lymphocytes); 2 degrees a
      criticism of the present trend to perform a more conservative surgery decided
      only opon the basis of the site and extension of the neoplasm; conservation
      surgery must be adopted for patients with an intense cellular immune response
      around the tumour and with a moderate histologic grade of malignancy; 3 degrees a
      criticism of the present criteria in establishing the long-term survival, which
      do not include the early immune response; 4 degrees the necessity of a systematic
      histologic study of the surgical specimen so as to evaluate the intensity of the
      immune reaction both around the tumour and in regional lymph nodes. In the light
      of these new data, the TNM system of tumour classification is now outdated, as
      witnessed by the constant efforts to adapt it to the unpredictable behaviour of
      malignant disease.

PMID- 1087527
TI  - [Serum antigamma globulin factors in patients with cancer of the uterine cervix].

PMID- 1087528
TI  - [Antigamma globulin factors and IgG, IgA and IgM levels in schizophrenia, manic
      depressive psychosis and disseminated sclerosis patients].

PMID- 1087529
TI  - Localization of T and B lymphocytes in human adenoid, tonsil, appendix and
      Peyer's patches.
AB  - T and B lymphocytes were detected in human adenoid, tonsil, appendix and Peyer's
      patches by adherence to sheep erythrocytes (E) and human erythrocytes sensitized
      with antibody and complement (HEAC). The percentages of T lymphocytes in adenoid
      and tonsil cell suspensions averaged 30.9 +/- 3.4 (S.D.) and 35.8 +/- 6.4 (S.D.).
      The percentages of B lymphocytes in the same tissues were 42.5 +/- 11.3 (S.D.)
      and 40.1 +/- 34 (S.D.) respectively. In adenoid and tonsil tissue sections, B
      lymphocytes were found in the follicles and T lymphocytes were detected around
      the follicular areas. The predominant cell population in Peyer's patches and
      appendix sections was constituted by B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1087530
TI  - Clinical and immunological improvement in a patient with chronic mucocutaneous
      candidiasis treated with transfer factor.
AB  - In a 19 year old patient suffering from CMC since the first months of life,
      clinical improvement accompanied by correction of the immunologic defect was
      achieved by Transfer Factor therapy. After 12 months from the last administration
      of Transfer Factor the improvement persisted. The positive outcome of the
      treatment in this disease is not constant. Possibly only patients with cellular
      immunologic defects are susceptible of a favourable response, moreover it is
      thinkable that the quality of Transfer Factor and the dosage administered must
      play a role.

PMID- 1087531
TI  - Intrathoracic pressure as a tourniquet technic to tamponade bleeding esophageal
      varices.
AB  - The authors' report observations on 79 cases of esophagovariceal bleeding in
      which ten cases were subjected to an intrathoracic tourniquet maneuver of
      increasing intrathoracic pressure. All esophagovariceal bleeding ceased following
      the maneuver. An established maneuver safety limit (holding mean transmural CVP
      to no higher than 4.0 cm H2O) insured cardiac output maintenance and guaranteed
      against maneuver-generated morbidity. The authors conclude the cessation of the
      bleeding from esophageal varices observed is the combined result of tourniquet
      tamponade by direct venous air compression on the bleeding varices as well as
      general esophageal compression.

PMID- 1087532
TI  - Metastases to the esophagus causing gastrointestinal bleeding.
AB  - A case of hypernephroma metastatic to the esophagus and presenting with massive
      upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is described. The literature on metastatic
      esophageal neoplasm is reviewed and the methods of spread and prognosis
      summarized.

PMID- 1087533
TI  - Alteration of colony-stimulating factor output, endotoxemia, and granulopoiesis
      in cyclic neutropenia.
AB  - Cellular and humoral factors involved in the regulation of granulopoiesis were
      evaluated in two patients with cyclic neutropenia by utilizing the agar-gel
      marrow culture technique to serially study marrow granulocytic colony-forming
      capacity (CFC) and the urinary output of colony-stimulating factor (CSF). CSF
      output varied inversely with peripheral neutrophil counts and directly with
      monocyte counts and evidence for infection (endotoxemia and/or staphylococcal
      abscesses). Following autologous infusion of one patient's plasma obtained during
      a period of neutropenia, increased urinary excretion of CSF occurred concomitant
      with increments in both marrow CFC and the proportion of granulocytic progenitor
      cells in DNA synthesis. Neutrophil periodicity was not altered by the
      administration of the neutropenic plasma. These findings are consistent with the
      hypothesis that cyclic neutropenia is caused by a quantitatively decreased entry
      of stem cells or granulocytic progenitor cells into granulopoiesis.

PMID- 1087534
TI  - The myeloproliferative disorders. Correlation between clinical evolution and
      alterations of granulopoiesis.
AB  - Patients with myeloproliferative disorders were prospectively studied by in vitro
      agar-gel marrow culture technics to evaluate factors involved in the evolution of
      abnormal granulopoiesis. Marrow granulocytic colony-forming capacity was
      determined in 78 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, subacute myeloid
      leukemia, preleukemia, Di Guglielmo's syndrome, polycythemia vera or essential
      thrombocythemia. A wide range of marrow colony-forming capacity values was noted
      early in disease courses; however, in 26 of 33 patients decreased colony-forming
      capacity was associated with disease transformation into acute myeloid leukemia
      or other clinically aggressive stages. An increased proportion of abnormally
      light buoyant density (less than 1.062 g/cm3) colony-forming cells was present in
      the marrow and peripheral blood of 15 of 16 patients with chronic myeloid
      leukemia, subacute myeloid leukemia, preleukemia or essential thrombocythemia; in
      seven of eight patients with greater than 35 per cent abnormally light colony
      forming cells their disease subsequently underwent transformation. Elevated
      levels of urinary colony-stimulating factor output were noted in 17 of 31
      patients, and in 10 of 12 patients whose disease subsequently underwent acute
      transformation within 10 months of study. In six of seven patients who
      simultaneously had an increased urinary output of colony-stimulating factor and
      low colony-forming capacity in marrow, transformation occurred within 10 months.
      These findings indicate that progressive abnormalities of both marrow clonal
      growth patterns and levels of possible humoral regulatory substances develop
      during evolution of these diseases. In contrast, patients with idiopathic
      sideroblastic ineffective erythropoiesis had normal values for marrow colony
      forming capacity, proportion of light density colony-forming cells and urinary
      colony-stimulating factor output, and in none has their disease transformed into
      acute myeloid leukemia. These in vitro studies appear useful for clinical
      staging, evaluating prognosis and categorizing patients with myeloproliferative
      disorders.

PMID- 1087535
TI  - Ionic pathways of secretory membrane of frog gastric mucosa in Cl--free media.
AB  - Experiments were performed to determine the return ionic pathways of the
      secretory membrane of frog gastric mucosa associated with the electrogenic H+
      pump in Cl--free media. The replacement of a 52 mM Na2SO4 secretory solution with
      a 52 mM K2SO4 secretory solution led to a decrease of resistance, an increase of
      the H+ secretory rate, and a reversal of the PD. The replacement of 52 mM Na2SO4
      with 52 mM MgSO4 led to an increase of resistance and a decrease of the H+ rate.
      These results provided evidence for the existence of K+ and Na+ pathways, the
      former having a lower resistance than the latter. Short-circuiting the mucosa in
      Mg2+ solutions increased the H+ rate to the value in Na+ solutions, hence ruling
      out the possibility that Mg2+ might interfere with the H+ pump. The fact that the
      Mg2+ secretory solution, without K+ or Na+, did not abolish the H+ rate suggested
      the presence of at least a third ionic pathway. presumably SO42-, providing that
      Mg2+ does not penetrate the mucosa.

PMID- 1087536
TI  - Transepithelial transport kinetics and Na entry in frog skin: effects of
      novobiocin.
AB  - Na+ entry across the outer surface of frog skin and transepithelial Na transport
      were studied simultaneously at different [Na] in either the presence or absence
      of novobiocin by direct measurements of J12 (unidirectional uptake) and Io (short
      circuit current). J12 consisted of two components: one linear, the other
      saturable. The kinetic parameters of the saturating components in controls were
      close to the kinetic parameters of overall transepithelial transport (Jm12 =
      1.68+/-0.13 mleq cm-2h-1; Io =1.80+/-0.14 mueq cm-2h-1. K12 = 6.02+/-1.27
      mM;Kio=6.12+/-1.33 mM). Novobiocin significantly augmented net transepithelial Na
      transport by increasing J13. J31 remained unaffected. A 1:1 relationship between
      the saturating component of J12 and Io was observed in both treated and untreated
      skins at all [Na] tested. (Jm12Iom, k12, and Kio were significantly larger in
      treated skins, but despite very drastic changes in transport rates, a close
      correlation between kinetic parameters of entry step and transepithelial
      transport was maintained. This suggests that the kinetics of transepithelial
      transport may simply reflect those of the rate-limiting step: the Na entry across
      the outer barrier of the skin. The results indicate that the linear component of
      J12 is not involved in transepithelial transport kinetics.

PMID- 1087537
TI  - [Biological properties of blood hemorrhaged into abdominal cavity used for
      reinfusion in gynecology].

PMID- 1087538
TI  - Quantitative determination of high molecular weight serum proteinase inhibitors
      in human semen.
AB  - Immunochemical determinations of serum proteinase inhibitors in human semen
      showed the presence of alpha1-antitrypsin and alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin, whereas
      inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, antithrombin III, alpha2-neuramino-glycoprotein
      and alpha2-macroglobulin could not be detected. Both serum proteinase inhibitors
      were determined in the seminal vesicle secretions of two patients with prostatic
      cancer. Employing the Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion technique pattern of
      identity was found between alpha1-antitrypsin resp. alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin in
      seminal plasma, seminal vesicle secretions and serum. Mean alpha1-antitrypsin
      concentration in seminal plasma of 129 andrological patients was 97.7 mug/ml and
      that of alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin 32.8 mug/ml. There were no differences in the
      mean alpha1-antitrypsin concentrations of normozoospermic and oligozoospermic
      ejaculates and those with seminal plasma fructose deficiency. Azoospermic
      ejaculates, however, showed a significant decrease of the mean alpha1-antitrypsin
      concentration (p less than 0.05). Alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin concentrations of
      normozoospermic ejaculates were significantly higher compared to those of
      oligozoospermia and azoospermia (p less than 0.05). Alpha1,x-antichymotrypsin
      levels in semen samples were fructose deficiency were not different from those of
      the total ejaculate population. The cause and significance of the observed
      differences in the inhibitor concentrations within the different ejaculate types
      is not known. However, there are no indications for the involvement of both
      proteinase inhibitors in male reproductive processes.

PMID- 1087539
TI  - The prevalence of alpha-antitrypsin heterozygotes (Pi MZ) in patients with
      obstructive pulmonary disease.
AB  - An increased incidence of intermediate deficiency of serum alpha1-antitrypsin
      resulting from Pi phenotype MZ has been reported in patients with chronic
      obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by some laboratories but not confirmed by
      others. Prevalence of Pi MZ was determined in patients with COPD among 502
      subjects referred to a pulmonary function testing laboratory in a region with low
      concentrations of air pollutants. Control prevalences were obtained from 930
      randomly selected subjects in the same community as well as from patients without
      COPD referred to the laboratory. Depending on criteria used to define COPD, 155
      to 306 subjects had COPD. Pi MZ prevalence in subjects with COPD varied from 1.5
      to 4 times the prevalence in the community control group and in the patients
      without COPD. This difference approached significance or was significant. Because
      Pi MZ was present in only 3.5 to 4.5 per cent of patients with COPD, Pi MZ is not
      a major factor in the etiology of COPD in this community. The higher incidence of
      Pi MZ inpatients with COPD reported by other investigators may be explained by
      small sample size, bias in selection of study or control population groups, or
      the development of COPD from interaction between Pi MZ and air pollutants or
      other factors not present in this community.

PMID- 1087540
TI  - Racial distribution of alpha1-antitrypsin variants among junior high school
      students.
AB  - A survey of alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes and serum trypsin inhibitory capacities
      was performed in 1,841 seventh grade junior high school students. Antitrypsin
      deficiency states were detected only in white subjects (3.04) per cent) and not
      in 461 subjects of other races or of Mexican origin. A screening level of serum
      trypsin inhibitory capacity at 75 per cent of normal or less included all of the
      deficient phenotypes, but phenotyping was necessary to eliminate a small
      percentage of normal and unimportant variant phenotypes from this group. It is
      suggested that future programs for detecting antitrypsin deficiency and for
      counseling students who are genetically prone to develop pulmonary emphysema be
      aimed primarily at white populations.

PMID- 1087541
TI  - [Focal infection on O.R.L. and its distant aseptic manifestations].
AB  - In connection with the cases of a group of patients hospitalised in Departments
      of Infectious Pathology, the authors consider the various general and visceral
      symptoms caused by the focal infection. In these statistics, fever occupies the
      first place and in its isolated form poses difficult diagnostic problems which
      can only be solved by a process of elimination. Repeated biological tests and
      careful attention to the clinical symptoms are necessary to link what has been
      observed to an infection which, it should be stressed, is descrete. Articular
      lesion, very different from acute articular rheumatism, cutaneous, ocular and
      renal symptoms are each in turn discussed and analyzed. From their personal
      observations, the authors recall the possibility of serous lesions and, in
      particular, of recurrent pericarditis. A summing-up of the theories concerning
      prescription completes this clinical survey which ends by recalling the function
      of the oto-rhino-laryngologist in the search for the causal infection and the
      difficulties involved in ascribing responsibility to an almost invariably latent
      focal infection.

PMID- 1087542
TI  - Thymus: primary site of lymphopoiesis.
AB  - The thymus of the leopard frog is the primary, if not the sole, source of
      progenitor lymphocytic cells that normally colonize the spleen. Following
      embryonal parabiosis, a high level of cell chimerism exists in the thymus glands
      of each member of the parabiotic pair. Evidently, there can be an appreciable
      amount of cross-circulation of thymic cells between thymus glands.

PMID- 1087543
TI  - Alternate sites of lymphopoiesis in the amphibian embryo.
AB  - The presumptive ventral blood islands were reciprocally transplanted between
      chromosomally labelled 72-hour-old leopard frog embryos. At 10 days of
      development, the differentiating epithelial thymus glands were surgically
      removed. Following metamorphosis, the spleen and bone marrow from juvenile frogs
      were analysed cytophotometrically. During normal ontogeny, the vast majority of
      peripheral lymphocytes are derived from the thymus, not the ventral blood
      islands. In the absence of the thymus, the ventral blood islands made the major
      lymphocyte contribution to the peripheral lymphoid organs. Thus, removal of the
      thymus appears to initiate an alternate pathway of lymphocyte differentiation in
      the leopard frog.

PMID- 1087544
TI  - B-cell ontogeny in the chicken.
AB  - We conclude that our data are most consistent with the hypothesis that individual
      bursal stem cells give rise to multiple clones of B lymphocytes by a
      preprogrammed sequence of variable (V) region genes. The alternate hypothesis
      that each stem cell gives rise to one B cell expressing but one set of VH genes
      could only fit our data if the additional assumption is made that each stem cell
      is preprogrammed to give rise to an unique B-cell clonotype at a fixed time
      during development. Since we were unable to influence the pattern of expression
      of clonotypic diversity by modifying the exposure to antigens and since random
      somatic mutations would seem an inefficient mechanism for systematic generation
      of the diversity, we favor the possibility of a genetic mechanism involving an
      orderly pairing of germ-line VH and VL genes. The corollary of this hypothesis is
      that V-region diversity is generated first and Ig-class diversity is secondarily
      expressed within each clone by a switch mechanism for the sequential expression
      of CH genes.

PMID- 1087545
TI  - In vitro studies on the ontogeny of lymphocyte populations.
AB  - We have investigated the ontogency of lymphocyte populations in the mouse embryo
      using organ culture techniques. Our results indicate that B lymphocytes are
      generated independently in foetal liver, foetal spleen and foetal bone marrow,
      while T lymphocytes are generated in thymus. We have characterised the structural
      and functional properties of developing lymphocytes in the organs. Our results
      suggest that foetal lymphocytes may differ from adult lymphocytes in a number of
      important respects which may have a bearing on the generation of tolerance to
      self antigens.

PMID- 1087546
TI  - Ontogeny of thymus factor secretion.
AB  - The circulating thymic factor (TF) detected by 0-conversion assay has been
      followed up in ontogeny. Serum TF evaluation in pregnant thymectomized mice and
      in new born mice indicates that TF secretion starts on day 12-13 of foetal life
      and has reached the adult's level at birth.

PMID- 1087547
TI  - Maturation of thymus-dependent lymphocytes after confrontation with histo
      incompatible cells.
AB  - Antigen-induced differentiation of mature T lymphocytes after in vitro exposure
      to transplantation antigens has been reviewed. Upon confrontation with histo
      incompatible cells the resting alloantigen-reactive T lymphocytes transform into
      blasts and divide several times. Concomitantly they acquire the capacity to kill
      relevant allogeneic target cells. Generation of killer cells requires DNA
      synthesis and cell division. It is also evident that at least two subsets of T
      cells participate in the generation of T killer cells. In vivo studies suggest
      that the activated T cells cooperate with B cells, and that this cooperation is
      necessary in IgG class alloantibody response. Other studies, performed in vitro,
      have demonstrated that the alloantigen-activated lymphocytes may also have an
      immulogically specific suppressive effect on an alloimmune response. At any rate,
      after the cell proliferation ceases, the T blasts return to resting state and
      revert back into small lymphocytes. The "secondary" T memory lymphocytes are
      restricted to the antigens of the first confrontation. Second stimulation by the
      original histocompatible (but not by unrelated) cells leads to a characteristic
      prompt secondary proliferative and cytotoxic response. The memory T lymphocytes
      do not respond to the T mitogens (PHA and ConA) but do respond to relevant histo
      incompatible membrane preparations and to relevant UV-killed stimulator cells
      (non-primed T lymphocytes are unalbe to do so). Cell division is not absolutely
      necessary for the generation of killer cells in the anamnestic secondary
      response. The memory T lymphocytes are long-lived and are recovered up to 20
      weeks after parking to T-deprived syngeneic hosts. While resting in the syngeneic
      host they grandually lose the ability to respond promptly, indicating that T-cell
      memory on the cellular level is limited.

PMID- 1087548
TI  - Histophysiology of the catecholamine containing cells in the taste buds of the
      frog (Rana temporaria).

PMID- 1087549
TI  - Extrahepatic biliary atresia versus neonatal hepatitis. Review of 137
      prospectively investigated infants.
AB  - In a prospective regional survey of neonatal hepatitis syndrome 32 infants had
      extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and 103 had hepatitis. No cause for the
      lesion was found in infants with extrahepatic biliary atresia, but in 32 with
      hepatitis a specific cause was identified, 24 having genetic deficiency of the
      serum protein alpha1-antitrypsin. No differences were observed in parental age,
      mother's health in pregnancy, month of birth, birth order, or sex of the infants.
      Familial idiopathic hepatitis occurred in 3 of 67 sibs of patients with
      idiopathic hepatitis, but the 33 sibs of EHBA patients had no liver disease. Of
      the infants with hepatitis, 36 were of low birthweight, less than 2.5 kg, and 23
      were born prematurely. Infants with biliary atresia were all of normal
      birthweight and only one was born prematurely. Consideration of clinical and
      biochemical abnormalities in the first 2 months of life showed no differences
      between the two groups except that infants with EHBA were more commonly jaundiced
      from birth (80%) and had more frequently acholic stools (83%). The frequency of
      these features in patients with hepatitis being 68% and 52%. Standard tests of
      liver function were not discriminatory. Percutaneous liver biopsies were
      diagnostic in 75% of those with EHBA and in 92% of those with hepatitis. The I131
      Rose Bengal faecal excretion was less than 10% in 26 of 28 infants with EHBA and
      in only 5 of 18 with hepatitis. These latter two investigations together allowed
      a correct preoperativer diagnosis of EHBA in all instances. Bile drainage was
      achieved surgically in only 3 cases. A major reason for these poor results may
      have been the late referral of cases for diagnosis and laparotomy, which should
      be performed as soon as the diagnosis is suspected and always by 70 days of age.

PMID- 1087550
TI  - T-lymphocytes and psoriasis.

PMID- 1087551
TI  - Selective concentration and localization of gold in macrophages of synovial and
      other tissues during and after chrysotherapy in rheumatoid patients.
AB  - Gold distribution was studied in the tissues of 7 rheumatoid patients who had
      died from 0 to 23 years after stopping chrysotherapy (sodium aurothiomalate) and
      in 23 samples of synovial tissue removed surgically at intervals during
      chrysotherapy in 5 patients. After the application of a highly specific staining
      technique, the cellular localization of gold was examined microscopically in
      various tissues: the amounts of gold in selected areas of the same specimens
      which had been examined microscopically were then measured by neutron activation
      analysis. During active chrysotherapy gold was abundant in synovial lining cells
      except where a fibrin layer was present on the surface; after stopping
      chrysotherapy, gold disappeared from the synovial lining cells. Gold accumulated
      progressively in the subsynovial connective tissues during chrysotherapy, but was
      not uniformly distributed, and bore no relationship to fluctuations in serum gold
      levels. Gold deposition was not confined to joint tissue, but was found within
      the macrophages of many organs, renal tubular epithelium, and, after recent
      chrysotherapy, in seminiferous tubules, hepatocytes, and adrenal cortical cells.
      Gold persisted in synovial and other tissues for up to 23 years after
      chrysotherapy was stopped. The overall findings indicated that gold is
      selectively concentrated within inflamed synovial tissues during chrysotherapy.

PMID- 1087552
TI  - Histocompatibility antigens in psoriatic arthritis.
AB  - Histocompatibility (HL-A) antigen typing was performed on 82 patients with
      psoriatic arthritis. The prevalance of HL-AB27 was increased (28%) compared with
      that in a control group (7-5%), and this was most marked in those with spinal
      changes. The prevalence in patients with sacroiliitis and syndesmophytes was 75%,
      with sacroiliitis alone 78%, but with syndesmophytes and normal sacroiliac joints
      only 36%. The overall prevalence in psoriatic spondylitis was 60%, with a
      prevalence of 71% in those fulfilling the New York criteria for anklosing
      spondylitis. The prevalence was not increased in those with only peripheral
      arthritis (11%). The prevalence of HLA-B13 was decreased in those with psoriatic
      spondylitis, though this was not statistically significant. The overall
      prevalence of HLA-BW17 was increased, this being particularly so in those with
      syndesmophytes, but values were not significant.

PMID- 1087553
TI  - [Relations between serum apha-antitrypsin level and neoplasms].
AB  - Alpha1-antitrypsin levels were determined in patients with bronchopneumopathies
      and in others with various forms of neoplasia. No relationship between levels and
      disease was noted in the first group, whereas a marked increase in values was
      observed in the second, particularly in the case of subjects with lung cancer.
      The interestiang aspects of this finding are discussed.

PMID- 1087554
TI  - Bleeding mucosal lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tracts of patients with
      oesophageal varices and hepatic cirrhosis.
AB  - Thirty panendoscopic examinations were carried out on 24 patients with
      oesophageal varices and hepatic cirrhosis who presented with gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage. A mucosal lesion, focal or diffuse, was found in the upper
      gastrointestinal tract in all but three instances. The findings confirmed
      previous reports that hemorrhage in patients with oesophageal varices frequently
      occurs from a source other than variceal. This study has also demonstrated that
      where hemorrhage occurs from oesophageal varices, erosions of the oesophageal
      mucosa may play a major role in its pathogenesis.

PMID- 1087555
TI  - [Antileukocyte and antithrombocyte antibodies in correlation with the incidence
      of cytotoxic anti-HL-A antibodies in hematologic diseases of various etiology].

PMID- 1087556
TI  - [Hairy-leukocyte leukemia (tricholeukocyte). Report of a case].
AB  - A case of a woman suffering of hairy cells leukemia (tricholeucocytes) is
      described. The diagnosis of this leukemia was set two years after a splemectomy,
      due to the enlargement of the spleen. The patient was treated for a period of two
      years as a refractory anaemia and leucopenia (neutropenia). After admission the
      diagnosis was confirmed by the examination of periferal blood, cytologic and
      histologic examination of the bone marrow and after a subsequent examination of
      the spleen tissue. All these examinations showed the presence of typical hairy
      cells--tricholeucocytes in the periferal blood, bone marrow and spleen. On
      account of their own cytochemical examinations, and especialy immunological
      examinations by other authors, the authors of this presentation suppose that the
      tricholeucocytes most probably belong to B lymphocytes and that, therefore, this
      leukemia should be placed in the group of malignant lymphocytoproliferative
      diseases.

PMID- 1087557
TI  - Inactivation of human thrombin in the presence of human alpha1-proteinase
      inhibitor.
AB  - Both the clotting and esterase activities of thrombin are inhibited by alpha1
      proteinase inhibitor (alpha1-antitrypsin). The inhibition is a time-and
      temperature-dependent reaction which is proportional to the molar ratio of
      thrombin to inhibitor. Both the active-site serine residue of thrombin and the
      reactive-site lysine residue of alpha1-proteinase inhibitor are involved. alpha1
      Proteinase inhibitor forms a 1:1 complex with thrombin that is comparable with
      the complex formed with trypsin and other proteinases. Incubation of the
      inhibitor with excess of thrombin, however, results in inactivation of nearly all
      the enzyme, even though only as much complex is formed as alpha1-proteinase
      inhibitor present. A portion of the remaining thrombin apparently aggregates.
      These results suggest that the mechanism for inhibition of thrombin may not be
      exactly the same as for trypsin, which is inhibited only to the extent to which
      complex is formed.

PMID- 1087558
TI  - Comparison of amphibian whole-cell and cell-free activity towards different
      transferrins.
AB  - 1. A cell-free preparation from immature-erythrocytes of the bullfrog (Rana
      catesbeiana) was about equally active towards iron bound to homologous, rabbit or
      human transferrin. 2. In contrast with the cell-free system, whole immature
      erythrocytes exhibited optimum, intermediate or low uptake of iron from the above
      and from other transferrins.

PMID- 1087559
TI  - Studies of energy transport in heart cells. Intracellular creatine content as a
      regulatory factor of frog heart energetics and force of contraction.

PMID- 1087560
TI  - Plasma amino acids during high-dose methotrexate-citrovorum "rescue".

PMID- 1087561
TI  - [Immunosuppressive treatment of rheumatic diseases. Experimental bases of a
      rational concept of therapeutic approach (author's transl)].
AB  - For treatment of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus
      erythematodes, which are initiated or sustained by immune-pathological
      mechanisms, various "immunosuppressive" drugs are used. There are conflicting
      data as to the benefit of this type of therapy. In this paper it is attempted to
      define a base for a more differentiated application of available drugs, since the
      present therapeutic approach seems rather empiric or is deducted from analogy to
      selected animal experiments. The investigations presented focus primarily on the
      behaviour of the small and medium lymphocytes of the organism, the adopted
      carriers of immunological (as well as autoimmune) reactivity, under conventional
      conditions (and under the influence of suitable drugs) as a biological
      supposition for the activity of "immunosuppressives". In rabbits, and mice,
      number and rate of proliferation of lymphoid cells is determined in untreated
      controls and animals treated with 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and cyclophosphamide
      (Cy), two immunosuppressive agents representing different types of
      pharmacological action. The elucidation why in rabbits both substances are
      equally immunosuppressive, whereas in mice only Cy has significant
      immunosuppressive activity, yields the base for a therapeutic concept of clinical
      immunosuppression. This species dependent activity of 6-MP can be explained by
      different proliferation kinetics of lymphoid cells in mouse and rabbit.
      Lymphocytes of the rabbit, compared to those of mice, are short-lived and have a
      distinctly higher proliferation rate. Thus, 6-MP, as an antiproliferative agent,
      leads, in the rabbit (under long-term as well as single-dose therapy) to a
      significant reduction of the number of small lymphocytes, whereas it reduces the
      long-lived lymphocytes of the mouse only marginally, thus explaining the good
      immunosuppressive potency in the rabbit and failure in the mouse. Cy leads, in
      both species, to a marked reduction of small lymphocytes and affects the long
      lived cells of the mouse as well, resulting in high immunosuppressive potency in
      both species. In the NZB mouse, a well-fitting model of human lupus
      erythomatodes, Cy is successful in prophylaxis and therapy. A similar therapeutic
      effect cannot be obtained with 6-MP. Neither of the two groups of substances
      revealed selective activity on circulating T- or B-cells. According to the
      literature available, lymphocytes in humans are predominantly long-lived, too.
      Accordingly, Cy possesses a good immunosuppressive potency in man, too. Its
      therapeutic success is paralleled by a reduction of small lymphocytes. In
      conclusion, a true basic immunosuppressive therapy of autoimmune diseases in
      humans will primarily be possible by aid of substances which act through a
      cytotoxic mechanism and are thus able to affect even the long-lived human
      lymphocytes. In contrast, a substance acting purely through interference with
      certain steps of cell proliferation will predominantly remain restricted to an
      antiphlogistic use.

PMID- 1087562
TI  - Pharmacological and toxicological studies with 1-benzyl-3-(2,3
      dihydroxypropoxy)indazole.
AB  - 1-Benzyl-3-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxy)-indazole (benzidol) is a novel indazolane
      derivative with marked antiinflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties.
      Its acute toxicity is three times less than that of benzidamine and five times
      less than that of phenylbutazone. Rats, mice, guinea pigs and rabbits treated
      with benzidol during 6 months at doses of 5, 50 and 200 mg/kg did not present any
      pathological alteration. The anti-inflammatory activity of benzidol is similar to
      that of phenylbutazone and higher than that of benzidamine. The analgesic and
      antipyretic properties are also considerable. Benzidol is better tolerated than
      the mentioned drugs with similar activities.

PMID- 1087563
TI  - [Aortic coarctation. Indications and results of surgical treatment. 16 years of
      experience].
AB  - Eighty-nine patients were treated surgically for coarctation of the aorta in a
      period of 16 years. In 79, the operative procedure consisted of excision of the
      coarcted segment and primary anastomosis; in 7 cases of hypoplastic arch and in 3
      of aneurysm of the aorta, some form of aortoplasty utilizing the isthmus and the
      subclavian artery, or the use of a dacron prosthesis were required. In a group of
      33 patients under 2 years, 76% had associated cardiac anomalies and 100% heart
      failure, which made immediate surgical treatment mandatory with a mortality of
      42% and a recoarctation rate of 10.5%. Out of 56 cases over 2 years, 46% had
      other cardiac malformations; however, a less severe clinical conditions allowed
      for an elective operation, with a mortality of 1.8% and a recoarctation rate of
      1.8%. This experience and the review of the literature support the concept of
      elective surgical treatment for coarctation of the aorta around the age of 4
      years, prior to the occurrence of hypertension or its complications. In the
      neonate and infant, surgery is justified in the presence of heart failure non
      responsive to medical treatment within 24 to 48 hours. A deeper understanding of
      the pathophysiology of the malformation in the very young and a better
      perioperative management of neonates, have led to a decline in mortality in
      recent years.

PMID- 1087564
TI  - Use of noninvasive methods in evaluation of left ventricular performance in
      coronary artery disease. II: Change in systolic time intervals after coronary
      artery bypass in patients with stable angina.
AB  - Serial recording of systolic time intervals (STI) was used to assess changes in
      left ventricular (LV) function in 92 patients with stable angina undergoing
      coronary angiography and LV cineangiography. On the basis of angiography,
      patients were placed in the following study groups: mild or absent coronary
      artery disease group -21 patients with less than 70 per cent occlusion of all
      coronary arteries, considered to have non-significant coronary artery disease and
      not needing bypass surgery; surgical bypass group-52 patients with evidence of
      significant (less than 70%) obstruction of at least one coronary artery who
      underwent myocardial revascularization; and medical group-19 patients with
      evidence of significant coronary artery disease not undergoing bypass surgery.
      Measured STI, corrected for heart rate and sex, were expressed as indices. No
      significant differences were noted in the mean STI from the time of initial
      evaluation to second evaluation 3 to 6 months later in either the mold or absent
      coronary artery disease patients or the medical group. In the surgical bypass
      group, however, serial studies at initial angiographic evaulation and 3 to 6
      months after bypass surgery showed a shortened pre-ejection period (PEP) from 150
      +/- 20 to 142 +/- 16 mn (P less than 0-001), prolonged left ventricular ejection
      time (LVET) from 396 +/- 21 to 409 +/- 14 ms (P less than 0-02), and decreased
      PEP/LVET from 0-45 +/- 0-11 to 0-04 +/- 0-07 (P less than 0-02). Paired data
      analysis of the three groups also showed a significant change only within the
      surgical bypass group from initial to find study, with a shortened PEP (P less
      than 0-002), prolonged LVET (P less than 0-001), and decreased PEP/LVET (P less
      than 0-001). These data suggest improvement in LV function in patients with
      significant coronary artery disease within a few months of myocardial
      revascularization, without demonstrable change in STI in those patients with
      coronary artery disease not subjected to revascularization.

PMID- 1087565
TI  - Duodenal neurofibroma a rare cause of intestinal haemorrhage.

PMID- 1087566
TI  - Characterization of serum factors modulating splenic cytotoxicity in a syngeneic
      rat tumour system.
AB  - During the terminal stages of tumour growth (6-8 weeks) in Wistar rats bearing a
      syngeneic squamous cell carcinoma (Sp1), their sera can block in vitro anti
      tumour cytotoxicity by immune splenic T lymphocytes. At an earlier stage of
      tumour growth (4-6 weeks) the sera do not block this cytotoxicity, but can induce
      anti-tumour cytotoxicity by non-immune spleen cells in the absence of complement.
      Sera taken at these 2 stages of tumour growth have been fractionated by ion
      exchange chromatography, using DEAE-cellulose. The fractions have been examined
      by immunoelectrophoresis and tested for anti-tumour reactivity. Blocking activity
      was found in the Week-8 serum fraction eluted with 0-005M phosphate buffer, pH 7
      4, whilst the "cytotoxic" activity of Week-4 serum was eluted with 0-02M
      phosphate buffer, pH 6-2. It is suggested that different IgG sub-classes are
      responsible for the 2 activities.

PMID- 1087567
TI  - Absorption of large oral doses of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate in man.

PMID- 1087568
TI  - Acquired von Willebrand syndrome with inhibitors both to factor VIII clotting
      activity and ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation.
AB  - A case of acquired von Willebrand's syndrome (vWs) is described which appeared to
      be due to antibodies directed against factor VIII clotting activity (FVIIIC),
      factor VIII-related antigen (FVIIIRAg) and von Willebrand factor. The antibodies
      directed against FVIIIRAg was demonstrated by the inhibitory effect of a platelet
      eluate on Ristocetin-induced aggregation of normal platelets. This effect was not
      shown by the patient's platelet-poor plasma alone, nor could it be demonstrated
      in platelet eluates from 13 other patients who had antibodies to FVIIIC but in
      whom there was no evidence of an acquired vWs.

PMID- 1087569
TI  - Practolol and ocular toxicity. Antibodies in serum and tears.
AB  - Serological studies in 22 patients presenting with ocular disease attributable to
      dosage with the beta-blocking agent practolol revealed a raised incidence of
      antinuclear antibodies. There was also a marginal increase in the incidence of
      antibodies to smooth muscle in the more severely affected individuals but the
      incidence of ther autoantibodies and levels of IgG, IgA, and IgM were within
      normal limits. Semi-quantitative analysis of tears from 14 of the patients showed
      absence or near absence in the more severely affected patients of secretory IgA,
      which is indicative of damage to the lacrimal gland. Other immunological
      parameters in the tears were normal.

PMID- 1087570
TI  - Intracameral injection of gentamicin. Report of a case.
AB  - A case of bacterial endophthalmitis secondary to a penetrating injury was
      successfully treated with intracameral topical and subconjunctival injections of
      gentamicin. After treatment the patient had normal vision and there was no
      evidence of toxic side-effects on the anterior segment of the eye including the
      endothelium, angle structures, and lens. The potential pathogenicity of
      Staphylococcus epidermidis is again emphasized.

PMID- 1087571
TI  - Purification and properties of rabbit trypsin.
AB  - The purification of rabbit pancreatic trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4) by affinity
      chromatography on Trasylol-Sepharose is presented along with its physical,
      chemical and immunological relationship to other trypsins. The molecule is a
      single polypeptide chain, which immunologically cross-reacts with porcine
      trypsin, but not with rabbit acrosomal proteinase. Sequence homology with other
      mammalian trypsins is seen at the amino terminus.

PMID- 1087572
TI  - [Mechanism of excitation and contraction uncoupling in frog and guinea pig
      myocardial fibers during block of slow sodium-calcium channels by compound D
      600].
AB  - In the experiments performed on the strips of frog's atria and ventricle it was
      found that rhythmic stimulation facilitated the dissociation of excitation-
      contraction coupling caused by D-600 compound through the block of calcium
      channels, i.e. D-600 prevented the increase of tension in the series of
      contractions or even converted positive staircase into negative one. The first
      contraction was affected by D-600 to a lesser degree than the subsequent ones.
      Guinea pig's left auriculus depressing action of D-600 was found to be strongly
      dependent on the frequency of stimulation. The data obtained were analysed by the
      model of excitation--contraction coupling. It was concluded that in amphibians as
      well as in mammalians tension amplitude during rhythmic activity of myocardial
      cells is determined mainly by Ca inflow through the excitable calcium channels.
      On the other hand the amplitude of the first contraction depends on the storage
      content determined by Ca inflow through the Ca channels open at rest. These
      latter channels have low sensitivity to D-600 and are better presented in atrium
      than in ventriculum. An increase of contraction tension observed in low sodium
      medium took place also under the action of D-600; in this case Ca storage was
      replenished by the Na-Ca exchange diffusion.

PMID- 1087573
TI  - Angiographic demonstration of gastrointestinal bleeding due to aorto-duodenal
      fistula.

PMID- 1087574
TI  - Enteric duplication with fistulation into the aorta.

PMID- 1087575
TI  - Emergency abdominal surgery in the aged.
AB  - The results of 375 emergency abdominal operations in elderly patients over the
      age of 75 years are presented and discussed in detail. There has been a fourfold
      increase in the population over the age of 75 years in England and Wales during
      the 60-year period from 1911 to 1971. The overall mortality of these patients of
      31-7 per cent is unrelated to the age of the patient, but appears to be directly
      related to the severity of the surgical condition and to cardiorespiratory
      complications. Our approach to these problems is presented and discussed.

PMID- 1087576
TI  - The general practitioner's role in the management of labour.

PMID- 1087577
TI  - Sensitivity of Trichomonas vaginalis to metronidazole, tinidazole, and nifuratel
      in vitro.
AB  - Prompted by the sensitivity of trichomonads to metronidazole and nifuratel in
      clinical practice, a study was conducted in 1971-1972 of 63 consecutive strains
      of Trichomonas vaginalis isolated from women with clinically refractory vaginal
      discharge. Their susceptibility to metronidazole, tinidazole, and nifuratel was
      tested, using a serial tube dilution technique. The minimum concentrations which
      in 48 hrs caused immobilization and lysis of trichomonads cultured in Diamond's
      medium was assessed. No differences in drug potency could be determined. The
      median trichomonistatic and trichomonicidal concentrations were 0-1 and 0-6
      mug/ml. respectively when using an inoculum of 10,000 organisms per ml. An
      inoculum of 100,000 per ml. resulted in inhibitory concentrations of 1-0 and
      killing concentrations of 3-3 mug./ml. These levels are readily attained in blood
      and vaginal tissue after oral ingestion of the two imidazole derivatives. Thus,
      metronidazole has maintained its efficacy since it was first introduced more than
      a decade ago. The few therapeutic failures with metronidazole and tinidazole are
      considered to have been caused by pharmacokinetic deficiencies in the patients,
      or by re-infection.

PMID- 1087578
TI  - Bimodal action of glycine on frog spinal motoneurones.
AB  - In the presence of procaine the changes in electrical potential caused by glycine
      in the ventral root of the isolated hemisected spinal cord of the frog have been
      shown to be compounded of both hyperpolarizing and depolarizing responses to the
      amino acid. From a comparison of the effects of changes in the perfusion medium
      on the potentials produced by glycine, beta-alanine and L-glutamate in the
      presence and absence of strychnine, it was concluded that glycine acts on a
      similar receptor to beta-alanine and causes a hyperpolarizing response which is
      blocked by strychnine. However, glycine has an additional, depolarizing, action
      which is usually the major effect and masks the hyperpolarizing response. The
      depolarizations produced by L-glutamate and glycine could be differentiated by
      their different ionic dependencies. The glycine depolarization was selectively
      decreased by a lowered sodium ion concentration in the medium while L-glutamate
      depolarizations were selectively enhanced by lowered potassium ion concentration.

PMID- 1087579
TI  - [Analysis of reflex responses on applying new ways in inducing the Babinski
      reflex (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087580
TI  - Heart disease indicators in patients with aortocoronary bypass operation.
AB  - The incidence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and other indicators of
      cardiac impairment were studied in 478 patients prior to their aortocoronary vein
      bypass operation and 194 patients who had angiographic examination but did not
      undergo the operation because the clinical and coronary angiographic findings
      were not considered serious enough to warrant the bypass procedure. The patients
      referred for surgery had higher plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels (259
      and 219 vs 233 and 180 mg/100 ml), tended to be older (53 vs 49 years) and had
      more extensive occlusive disease (occlusion score 200 vs 70) than the group
      without the operation. There was little difference in the proportion of smokers
      (81 vs 83%) or prevalence of hypertension (33 vs 30%). In comparison with 9,964
      participants of a local health screening program, both patient groups had
      markedly higher prevalence of smoking, hypertension, chest pain and previous
      myocardial infarcts.

PMID- 1087581
TI  - The differentiation of T-lymphocytes. III. The behaviour of subpopulations of
      mouse thymus cells in short-term cell culture.

PMID- 1087582
TI  - [Kinetics and morphology of immune reactve cells in the spleen as observed uwing
      the immune adherence method. III. Spontaneous immunocytoadherence as influenced
      by total body irradiation].
AB  - The course of spontaneous immunocytoadherence as influenced by a total body 850 r
      irradiation was studied in the mouse spleen. Prior to the total body irradiation
      0.87 RFC/100 cells occurring spontaneously, without any previous antigenic
      stimulus, were dislosed in the spleen. Twenty four hours after iraadiation 0.075
      RFC/1000 cells were detected. This number dropped to 0.023 RFC/1000 cells at day
      4 after irradiation. A qualitative morphological analysis showed the following
      values: 65,1% of the spontaneous RFC were small lymphocytes, 24.5% were medium
      sized lymphocytes and 3% large lymphocytes; 1.1% were plasma cells and 5.4%
      macrophages. Twenty four hours after irradiation with a dose of 850 r the RFC
      contained 9.3% plasma cells, and 90.7% macrophages, the respective numbers on day
      2 being 7.5% and 98.3%. At day 4, permitting to demonstrate the RFC in
      significant numbers there occurred macrophages only. The model experiment has
      shown that the formation of spontaneous rosettes represents a cirtually normal
      immune reaction.

PMID- 1087583
TI  - Definitions and terminology in cancer (tumour) etiology. An analysis aiming at
      proposals for a current internationally standardized terminology.
AB  - In an attempt to overcome the confusion that exists in the terminology of cancer
      (tumour) etiology, the author has analysed the current situation and proposed
      terms which, he hopes, will stimulate international discussion and lead
      eventually to an agreed standard terminology.

PMID- 1087584
TI  - Poisoning caused by the consumption of organomercury-dressed seed in Iraq.
AB  - In 1971-72, a large outbreak of poisoning caused by the consumption of seed
      dressed with organomercury compound occurred in Iraq. International assistance
      was requested by the Government of Iraq in investigating this outbreak. The
      results of the investigations to date were presented at the Conference on
      Intoxication due to Alkylmercury Treated Seed, held in Baghdad, Iraq on 9-13
      November 1974. This paper summarizes the main findings and recommendations of the
      Conference.

PMID- 1087585
TI  - Feasibility of undertaking cancer incidence studies in rural areas of India.
AB  - In the rural areas of developing countries, modern medical facilities are well
      below optimum levels and death registration is not mandatory. In India, as a
      result of such a situation, very few studies have been undertaken on the
      incidence of cancer in the rural population, though 80% of the people live in
      villages. The paper presents cancer incidence rates observed in a rural area of
      India by means of a method involving the use of paramedical personnel for initial
      screening, to minimize the cost. A statistical evaluation of the results shows
      that the method can be used for registering common sites of cancer in an area
      where conventional cancer registration methods are not applicable.

PMID- 1087586
TI  - Intra-ocular pressure in onchocerciasis. Some preliminary results of a field
      evaluation.
AB  - Preliminary data are presented on the relationship between intra-ocular pressure
      and onchocerciasis. There was no significant difference in the mean ocular
      pressure between persons with no ocular onchocerciasis and those with
      microfilariae in the eye, but a significantly lower mean tension was observed in
      those with severe ocular onchocerciasis.

PMID- 1087587
TI  - Immunization in India with trivalent and monovalent oral poliovirus vaccines of
      enhanced potency.
AB  - In an attempt to improve the serological response of infants in warm climates to
      oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), the authors administered to 79 children between 6
      and 41 weeks of age trivalent and monovalent OPV containing a virus dose 10 times
      as high as that found in the standard vaccine. The seroconversion rates following
      one dose of this trivalent OPV were 42% to type 1 poliovirus, 85% to type 2, and
      31% to type 3. These rates are only slightly better than those previously
      reported after one dose of standard trivalent OPV and much lower than those
      achieved after 3 doses. The seroconversion rates following one dose of the
      monovalent OPV of enhanced potency were 89%, 93%, and 76%, respectively. These
      rates are comparable to those achieved after 5 doses of the standard trivalent
      OPV. Thus the refractoriness of host response was only partly overcome by
      enhancing the virus inoculum 10-fold.

PMID- 1087588
TI  - The choice of a BCG strain.

PMID- 1087589
TI  - Yersinia enterocolitica : a review of its role in food hygiene.
AB  - Since Yersinia enterocolitica, now classified as a member of the
      Enterobacteriaceae, was recognized as a distinct species in 1964 it has been
      isolated with increasing frequency from man and animals (including dogs and pigs)
      and from some human foods. Y. enterocolitica infections are now seen as a cause
      for some concern in both human and veterinary medicine. The organism is commonly
      found in specimens from swine slaughterhouses and has been isolated from samples
      of market meat, vacuum-packed beef, mussels, oysters, and ice-cream. It has also
      been found in nonchlorinated well water used for drinking purposes. Infections in
      man therefore probably have an alimentary origin. Only 23 human infections were
      recorded in 1966 but the number increased to over 4000 in 1974. However, reported
      incidence is affected by growing awareness about the role of the organism in
      human and animal disease and by intensive laboratory analyses. While knowledge
      about the geographical distribution of Y. enterocolitica is still fragmentary it
      is clear that infections are very frequent in some parts of the world and
      probably common but unrecognized in many countries. The most common symptoms of
      Y. enterocolitica infections in man are fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhoea. In
      the USA most isolations in human infections were made from blood and mesenteric
      lymph node samples. The pathogenic mechanism is not known. In one experiment
      involving a human volunteer subject a dose of 3.5 x 10(9) organisms was required
      to produce an infection. Only recently has some success been obtained in
      establishing experimental infections in mice, guinea-pigs, rats, and rabbits.
      Laboratory cultivation techniques for Y. enterocolitica are described together
      with a table of minimal tests for characterizing the organism and two biotyping
      schema. Little is known about methods for controlling this disease, but
      environmental hygiene and sanitation with regard to food and water should apply.

PMID- 1087590
TI  - An international haematological survey.
AB  - Haematological surveys of adult population samples were conducted simultaneously
      in 12 countries, all but one of which are in Europe. Haematological estimations
      on samples from nine of the countries were made in one central laboratory.
      Differences between countries in the mean levels of haemoglobin (and haematocrit
      and red cell count) were found to be relatively small, and the prevalence of
      levels below the arbitrary WHO levels for anaemia were, on the whole, low. In
      males, the evidence suggests a fall in haemoglobin level throughout adult life,
      which increases slightly in advanced age. In females, there is no evidence of any
      important relationship between age and haemoglobin level.

PMID- 1087591
TI  - The practice of endocrinology in a rural setting: suggested guidelines.
AB  - For the purposes of medical practice, a ;rural setting' implies an environment
      with little or no facilities for the sophisticated laboratory investigations that
      may be needed for the diagnosis of certain endocrine disorders. Fortunately,
      however, most of the commoner endocrine disorders may be diagnosed from the
      patient's history and a physical examination, together if necessary with the
      observed response to therapy. A lack of facilities, therefore, need not hinder
      the effective practice of endocrinology in rural areas.

PMID- 1087592
TI  - Plasma factors in delayed-type hypersensitivity. Augmentation of lymphocyte
      responses in borderline leprosy reactions.
AB  - The phytohaemagglutinin-induced responses of lymphocytes were found to be
      inhibited by plasma from patients with leprosy when compared with their responses
      in pooled serum from healthy donors. When patients developed reversal reactions,
      the initial inhibitory effect of their plasma was replaced by an augmentary
      effect on the responses to phytohaemagglutinin. The period of augmentation
      coincided with that of the reversal reaction in patients with borderline
      tuberculoid leprosy, but was delayed in patients with borderline lepromatous
      leprosy. The plasma from each leprosy patient was also observed to have the same
      effect on lymphocytes from unrelated individuals, showing that the inhibition and
      augmentation were due to factors in the plasma and not to a change in lymphocyte
      receptors. It is possible that the normal stable state of leprosy results from
      the presence of factors in plasma which act as a control mechanism, and that
      delayed hypersensitivity reactions may be caused by a breakdown of this control.

PMID- 1087593
TI  - Studies on the immune status of children with acute lymphocytic leukaemia. I.
      Early phase before and after first remission.
AB  - Seventeen children of 2-15 years of age with newly diagnosed untreated acute
      lymphatic leukaemia (ALL) were evaluated with a number of immunological tests:
      for humoral immunity serum immunoglobulins and reactive antibody formation
      against three antigens (diphtheria, tetanus, KLH); for cell-mediated immunity in
      vitro response of blood lymphocytes against PHA; membrane characteristics of
      blood lymphocytes and lymphoid blasts for both B and T cells. The tests were
      repeated in thirteen patients who attained full remission. In the majority
      (twelve cases) no surface markers were detected (null-cell leukaemia), one
      patient fulfilled the criteria for a T-cell leukaemia with thymoma. Four patients
      had rather high absolute B-cell counts, but did not fulfill all the criteria for
      B-cell leukaemia; three of them died before remission. Immune globulin
      concentrations were only slightly changed, antibody formation, both primary and
      anamnestic, was possible. PHA response was extremely low in the initial phase,
      but normal immediately after remission. During remission all patients were
      markedly depleted in both their B- and T-cell compartment.

PMID- 1087594
TI  - Studies on the immune status of children with acute lymphocytic leukaemia. II. In
      remission with and without cytostatic treatment.
AB  - In eleven children with acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL), cytostatic treatment
      was stopped after sustained remission lasting for 9 months--6 1/2 years. Their
      immunological status was monitored every 6--12 weeks during the first year after
      cessation of therapy. Rebound of depressed parameters was observed for absolute
      lymphocyte, B-cell and T-cell counts and for immunoglobulins. A simple follow-up
      scheme for such patients is proposed.

PMID- 1087596
TI  - Intramural hematoma of the esophagus: a complication of carbon tetrachloride
      intoxication with acute renal failure.
AB  - Following a period of prolonged severe vomiting, an intramural esophageal
      hematoma could be demonstrated by endoscopy and by X-ray in a 21 year old patient
      with hepatic and renal failure after exposure to carbon tetrachloride. The
      hematoma resolved spontaneously. The intramural hematoma is thought to have
      developed from a microdissection of the esophageal wall in the presence of a
      hemorrhagic diathesis.

PMID- 1087595
TI  - Lymphocyte response to IgG in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and their
      families.
AB  - Lymphocyte responsiveness to IgG was measured by an agarose method in nine
      patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), one patient with Reiter's Syndrome
      (RS), and thirty-six of their family members. Similar studies were also performed
      in five patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and twenty-nine of their first
      degree relatives as well as in seven control families (twenty-seven subjects).
      Lymphocytes from the ten spondylitic patients and twenty-four of thirty-six
      family members responded in vitro to autologous IgG. Although most of these
      subjects had the histocompatibility antigen, B27, there was no association
      between B27 and response to IgG. Four of the five patients with RA and twenty of
      their twenty-nine first degree relatives responded in vitro to IgG, whereas only
      six of twenty-seven control family members gave a positive reaction. There was no
      difference in the incidence of antiglobulins (detected by agglutination tests) in
      the family members of patients with AS and RA or in control family members. These
      data indicate that lymphocyte responsiveness to IgG is the only aberrant immune
      response thus far described which is shared by patients with AS and RA and their
      family members.

PMID- 1087597
TI  - [Case of herpes zoster ophthalmicus with contralateral hemiplegia].

PMID- 1087598
TI  - [Case of intention myoclonus (Lance-Adams syndrome) and a dramatic effect of L-5
      hydroxytryptophan].

PMID- 1087599
TI  - [Colloid Au 198 in the intra-articular treatment of chronic rheumatic diseases.
      Our clinical experience].

PMID- 1087600
TI  - [Comparative study on the activity and side-effects of hydrocortisone,
      prednisolone, triamcinolone and dexamethasone].

PMID- 1087601
TI  - Mechanical support of the failing heart.

PMID- 1087602
TI  - [Conformation of acetylcholine and its amide analogs during interaction with
      nicotinic cholinoreceptors].

PMID- 1087603
TI  - Anti-human lymphocyte globulin: Pressimmune.

PMID- 1087604
TI  - Time course of hypothalamic CRF activity after the administration of two
      different stresses.
AB  - The time course of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) activity
      after the administration of ether stress was different from that after
      immobilization stress. The maximal response CRF activity was observed 2 min after
      ether stress, followed by a precipitous decrease 5 min after the stress. A
      gradual increase of CRF activity was subsequently observed for several minutes
      with fluctuated changes. Thus, response pattern was vibratory. But under
      immobilization stress, markedly fluctuant changes of CRF activity seen in the
      case of ether stress did not appear after the maximal response observed at 2 min,
      indicating that the response pattern was not vibratory. On the other hand, the
      concentration of plasma corticosterone increased significantly 5 min after the
      ether or immobilization stress with the peak value around 17 min.

PMID- 1087605
TI  - Deoxyribonucleotide pools in mouse-fibroblast cell lines with altered
      ribonucleotide reductase.
AB  - Mutant cells lines of 3T6 mouse fibroblasts, resistant to thymidine and
      deoxyadenosine, have an altered allosteric regulation of the enzyme
      ribonucleotide reductase (Meuth, M. and Green, H., Cell, 3, 367, 1974). Compared
      to 3T6, these lines contain larger pools of deoxynucleoside triphosphates, in
      particular deoxycytidine triphosphate, but show a normal rate of DNA synthesis.
      Addition of thymidine or deoxyadenosine to 3T6 cells results in large
      accumulations of the corresponding triphosphates and a dramatic decrease in the
      dCTP pool, concomitant with inhibition of DNA synthesis. Addition of thymidine to
      the mutant cell lines also leads to an increase in the dTTP pool but does not
      result in a depletion of dCTP or inhibition of DNA synthesis. Addition of
      deoxyadenosine only leads to a small increase of the dATP pool. In general the
      change in the allosteric regulation of bibonucleotide reductase is reflected in
      the deoxynucleotide pools.

PMID- 1087606
TI  - Effects of vinblastine on bioelectric properties of the frog skin epithelium in
      vitro.

PMID- 1087607
TI  - Visual-vestibular interactions in the vestibular nuclei of the goldfish.
AB  - The responses of vestibular nuclei neurons of relaxed unanaesthetized goldfish
      have been examined with trapezoid velocity stimuli under three conditions.
      Responses to horizontal body rotation in the dark (pure vestibular stimulation)
      resemble those observed in vestibular nerve afferents. Optokinetic responses to
      exclusive visual surround-motion are also direction-specific and, in contrast to
      vestibular responses, exhibit a tonic response to constant velocity. They show
      three different response profiles, classified A,B or C, based on the neuron's
      discharge rate: either increasing, decreasing or remaining constant once surround
      motion is maintained at constant velocity. Following these dynamic effects,
      optokinetic responses have a maintained modulation of resting discharge until
      deceleration commences. The time constants associated with the dynamic effects
      vary between 1 and 11 seconds. Steady-state modulation of optokinetic responses
      shows a weak relation to stimulus velocities exceeding 10 deg/sec. Responses to
      body rotation in the light were found to linearly combine the weighted vestibular
      and optokinetic responses so that accurate velocity information is available for
      sensory and motor functions independent of the neuron's vestibular (I,II) or
      optokinetic (A,B,C) response type. The principle of this visual-vestibular
      interaction is discussed with respect to multisensory processing within the
      vestibular nuclei.

PMID- 1087608
TI  - Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.-- The effect of dexamethasone on growth
      and proliferation in the draining lymph node.
AB  - Dexamethasone, when administered from day 0 to day 9 following the sensitizing
      injection of encephalitogenic protein in complete Freund's adjuvant, suppressed
      both the characteristic enlargement of the paracortical area of the draining
      lymph node and the development of clinical and histopathological signs of
      experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Division of cells within the node was
      not inhibited and therefore the effect of dexamethasone appeared to be a
      consequence of reduced migration of lymphocytes into the node.

PMID- 1087609
TI  - [Driving phenomenon in neurons of the spinal center of frog lymph hearts].
AB  - Bioelectrical activity of motor axons of the lower lymphatic hearts was recorded
      in frogs. When the 5th and 6th dorsal roots were stimulated at a frequency lower
      than the spontaneous frequency, artificial bursts of motor impulses were usually
      produced together with spontaneous impulses. Latency of artificial impulses
      depended upon the time of stimulation in the interburst interval. When the same
      roots were stimulated at a frequency higher than the spontaneous rate, only motor
      impulses corresponding to the artificial frequency were observed. The latency of
      these artificial impulses was 100--160 msec.

PMID- 1087610
TI  - [Possible participation of lactic acid in formation of a non-mediator agent
      stimulating the heart during exposure of the myocardium to sympathetic
      influences].
AB  - Release of A-factor, the physiologically active substance of a non--mediatory
      nature under sympathetic stimulation, depends upon the glycolytic process. To
      examine the assumption that A-factor may be a glycolytic product, lactic acid was
      studied in particular, and it was shown that A-factor is not identical to lactic
      acid. However it was found out that lactic acid participates in the release of A
      factor in the heart. It was shown that under the effect of lactic acid a
      substance having high cardiostimulating activity was released in the frog heart
      muscle. This cardiostimulating substance as well as A-factor increases the
      amplitude of contractions of A-factor, was not abolished with beta
      sympathicolytic inderal. The ability of both substances to stimulate heart
      activity was preserved after 20 min heating in a water bath. The
      cardiostimulating substance similar to A-factor increases heart sensitivity to
      sympathetic and decreases it to parasympathetic stimulations. It may be suggested
      that the cardiostimulating substance released in the heart under the effect of
      lactic acid is identical to A-factor released in the myocardium under the action
      of catecholamines and stimulation of the sympathetic nerve.

PMID- 1087611
TI  - [Rsponses of the primary afferents of the frog lateral semicircular canal to
      caloric stimuli following section of the eighth nerve].
AB  - In curarized Rana temporaria, after transection of the 8th nerve, responses of 75
      primary afferents of the LSC nerve to short local caloric stimule (0.5--12
      degrees C over the canal temperature) creating theexcitatory current of LSC
      endolymph, were studied. In 41 per cent of the units (group A) the maximal (peak)
      frequencies (PF) of responses were shown to be associated either by linear or
      semilograithmic relations with the peak temperature (PT). In 23 per cent of the
      units (group B), PFPS revealed saturation at PT 8-12 degrees C. In 29  per cent
      of the units (group C), PFs were associated with PTs first by direct and then --
      at increasing PTs-- by reverse proportionality. Duration of group A responses was
      related to PTs either in linear or semilogarithmic way. Comparison with previous
      data obtained in identical conditions but with intact 8th nerve indicates no
      noticeable difference in responses where efferent control was excluded.

PMID- 1087612
TI  - [Effect of thrombin on chemoreceptors of the frog carotid labyrinth].
AB  - The frog's electrical activity of the carotid body chemoreceptors reacting to
      thrombin was studied. The chemoreceptor response was estimated by means of
      afferent impulsation in the n. glossopharingeus. The afferent impulsation
      frequency increases to a certain extent in proportion to the irritant
      concentration; too high a thrombin concentration is able to suppress the
      chemoreceptor activity. The direct dependence between the receptor response and
      the effector reaction diminishing the blood coagulation, was established. The
      receptors adapt slowly, their discharge is of an irregular character.

PMID- 1087613
TI  - [Aorto-coronary by-pass. Personal experience based on 342 cases operated on
      between April 1971 and December 1974 (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report on the casuistry of aorto-coronary by-pass operations they
      performed between April 1971 and December 1974, discussing the criteria which
      indicate the necessity of operating, the principles of the operative techniques,
      and the results obtained. Out of a total of 342 operated cases, there was an
      operative mortality (within 30 days) of 3% in isolated by-pass cases, and 4% if
      one includes associated operations. In 3,5% of patients, postoperative necrosis
      was present. Almost the same values were found in the smaller group (66 cases)
      which underwent urgent by-pass operations. The authors consider that the aorto
      coronary by-pass operation is a very useful treatment, both for stable and
      unstable angina, as long as the anatomo-functional conditions exist.

PMID- 1087614
TI  - [Operative and long term results in 52 patients operated on for chronic
      postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm (author's transl)].
AB  - Operative and late post-operative results in 52 patients undergoing operation for
      chronic postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm are described. Aneurysm
      resection was performed in 33 patients. This procedure was combined with
      myocardial revascularization by means of insertion of a venous aorto-coronary by
      pass graft in 14 cases. Hospital mortality for the total group was 3,8% (2
      deaths). Surviving patients were followed-up 3 to 66 months. Two late deaths
      occurred. Clinical and functinal improvement occurred in the majority of
      surviving patients. The impact of simultaneous aorto-coronary by-pass grafting on
      operative results is discussed.

PMID- 1087615
TI  - The changes of growth activities in pituitaries of tadpoles at different
      metamorphic stages.

PMID- 1087616
TI  - Thyroid hormones stimulate in vivo oxygen consumption of adult Rana pipiens
      berlandieri at high environmental temperatures.

PMID- 1087617
TI  - Mitotic variations in the lens epithelium of the frog IV. Studies with isolated
      anuran pituitary factors.
AB  - Proteins corresponding to growth hormone and prolactin have been
      electrophoretically separated from the pituitary gland of the frog (Rana pipiens
      berlandieri and Rana catesbeiana). These substances can independently stimulate
      mitosis in the lenses of animals where it had previously been inhibited by means
      of hypophysectomy. DNA synthesis is greatly augmented six days after the start of
      hormone administration to intact animals. Nine days are required before this
      occurs in hypophysectomized ones. No other anterior pituitary hormone has been
      found to achieve the effect described. Initial attempts at amino acid analysis,
      though incomplete, indicate that the two frog hormones are different from each
      other as well as from their bovine counterparts. Pituitary factors do not affect
      mitotic activity in either corneal epi or endothelium of the frog.

PMID- 1087618
TI  - [Case of Kartagener triad].

PMID- 1087619
TI  - Cytologie and cytochemistry of colony cells in soft agar gel culture from normal
      and leukemic bone marrow.
AB  - In order to judge differentiation of cells in soft agar colonies, cytological and
      cytochemical classification of single cells within these colonies is necessary.
      In this study, 1,026 colonies from 15 normal and 95 leukemic bone marrows have
      been evaluated using cytological, cytochemical, and immunocytochemical
      techniques. In 180 colonies from 15 normal controls no segmented neutrophils have
      been observed. The colonies mostly consisted of monocytes and macrophages, rarely
      pure eosinophil colonies were observed. The number of monocyte/macrophage
      colonies in untreated AML and the percentage of pure eosinophil colonies in AML
      and ALL in remission are reduced, as compared to normal controls. In 174 colonies
      from a total of 926 colonies derived from bone marrows of leukemic patients,
      plasma cells and in 20 colonies, blast cells have been observed. In contrast to
      normal colonies, growth of colonies containing blast cells does not depend upon
      the conditioned medium of the leukocyte feederlayer. This investigation has
      demonstrated the necessity of cytological and cytochemical classification in
      addition to quantiative evaluation of soft agar colonies when studying the effect
      of factors on proliferation and differentiation of normal and leukemic stem
      cells.

PMID- 1087620
TI  - Immunological characterization of blast cells in patients with acute
      lymphoblastic leukemia. Evaluation of its clinical significance.
AB  - A panel of lymphocyte surface markers was used to identify blast cells from 111
      patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Three groups of patients were
      found. 1) 14 patients with B derived ALL. Only three patients had a common ALL;
      in the other cases the blastic proliferation was featured by Burkitt's tumor
      cells or supervened in patients affected with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
      2) The blast cells from 28% of the patients with common ALL had T cell
      properties. 3) The cells from the largest group of patients did not bear B or T
      cell markers but were featured by the presence of a leukemia-associated antigen
      revealed by a rabbit antiserum to CLL B cells. Studies with another antiserum to
      CLL B cells as well as with an antiserum to foetal thymocytes revealed also
      leukemia-associated antigens but these antigenic determinants were present on all
      acute leukemia cells which had been tested and were therefore of no help to
      classify various leukemias. A number of clinical and hematological findings were
      more frequent in the group of patients with T cell ALL: high white blood cell
      counts, tumoral disease, thymic enlargement, meningeal involvement, strong acid
      phosphatase activity in blast cells. However no difference in the survival curve
      is yet apparent at 30 months.

PMID- 1087621
TI  - Immunological membrane markers of Hodgkin's cells.
AB  - Reed-Sternberg and other Hodgkin's giant cells derived from involved spleens and
      lymph nodes of patients with Hodgkin's disease were examined for surface markers
      of T and B cells and macrophages. Attachment and phagocytosis of untreated (E) or
      sensitized (EA and EAC) sheep red blood cells and yeast by Reed-Sternberg cells
      did not occur. IgG frequently detected at the membrane of Reed-Sternberg cells
      was partially removed by incubation and washing at 37 degrees C. Fluorescence
      with a specific anti-T cell serum was not seen on Reed-Sternberg and other
      Hodgkin's giant cells lack most detectable normal human lymphoid cell markers,
      but do exhibit membrane bound immunoglobulin possibly of exogenous origin.

PMID- 1087622
TI  - The phenotypic abnormality in leukemia: a defective cell-factor interaction?
AB  - Differentiation of hemopoietic cells appears to depend upon specific interactions
      of certain cell-factors. The phenotypic abnormality in leukemia may involve an
      impairment in these interactions. In this report we present some of our views of
      leukemogenesis with respect to cell-factor interaction and the feasibility of
      experimental approaches to this problem. In culture, the interaction of
      myelogenous cells with factor(s) leading to differentiation can be measured
      either with a suspension mass culture method or by a solid (semi-soft) clonal
      method. The protein factors that support the growth of hemopoietic cells in
      suspension culture are termed growth stimulating factors (GSA) and in semi-solid
      culture, colony stimulating factors (CSA). Studies using conditioned medium
      prepared from phytohemagglutinin stimulated human lymphocytes (PHA-LyCM) and
      whole human embryo cells (WHE) revealed that GSA and CSA were not identical for
      growth of either normal human or leukemic leukocytes. In some cases maturation of
      leukemic leukocytes was observed. Fractionation of PHA-LyCM showed that there are
      three peaks for CSA. Each peak contains different fractions for supporting
      cellular proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of precursor cells in
      suspension culture. Apparently, each contains heterogenous species of protein
      factors some of which functionally overlap, while others do not.

PMID- 1087623
TI  - Prognostic criteria and staging in ALL in childhood.
AB  - On the basis of a retrospective review of 100 children with acute non-myeloid
      leukaemia the authors examined the effect on the prognosis of some initial
      features such as age, nodal and organ enlargement, initial white blood cell
      count, blast morphology and cytochemical characteristics, and platelet count. A
      remarkable correlation was found between age at diagnosis, initial white blood
      cell count and platelet count, and total survival and duration of remission.
      There was no significant correlation between PAS score and prognosis. The beta
      glucoronidase reaction did not prove a useful index of prognosis. Adverse
      prognostic factors were an age below 2 or one above 10 years, a high initial
      white blood cell count and a low platelet count. The usefulness of attempts at
      staging in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood are discussed together with
      the predictive value of some features present at disgnosis.

PMID- 1087624
TI  - [Kartagener's syndrome in two siblings].

PMID- 1087625
TI  - [Surgical treatment of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1087626
TI  - alpha1-antitrypsin: common subtypes of Pi M.
AB  - More than 20 different alleles are so far known at the Pi locus, corresponding to
      a total variant phenotype frequency of about 10% in most western Europeans. The
      common phenotype Pi M constitutes the remaining major group. Now it has been
      possible to identify three subtypes M1, M1M2 and M2, corresponding to the gene
      products of two common alleles PiM1 and PiM2, segregating as autosomal codominant
      alleles. Preliminary gene frequencies are reported for eight populations, the
      PiM2 frequency varying from 0.20 in Maris (USSR) to 0.02 in Bantus (Kenya).

PMID- 1087627
TI  - Cellular changes in cultured lenses.
AB  - Observations were made on the frog lens epithelium after culture of the entire
      lens or of capsular explants. General deviations from normal lens structure as
      well as specific changes in two media were studied. DNA synthesis and mitosis
      were induced in the central epithelial cells. Disruption of the orderly, single,
      epithelial layer that is characteristic of normal lenses was accompanied by the
      appearance of multilayered plaques of epithelial cells and invasion of vacuolated
      regions of the lens fibers by epithelial cells. Cells that are fibroblast-like in
      appearance were observed in regions of the capsule depleted of cells and at the
      free edges of epithelial sheets in cell culture. Epithelial cells were surrounded
      by capsule-like material even situated in the lens interior. Nuclie derived from
      central epithelial cells of lenses cultured in L-15 medium and medium 199 had
      served as donors in previous nuclear transfer experiments in this laboratory. In
      our current observation of L-15-cultured lenses, cells were sparsely distributed
      on the capsule and nuclei were abnormally shaped; in 199-cultured lenses, cells
      were more densely distributed and nuclei resembled those of normal lenses. Medium
      199 without serum could better maintain normal lens structure than L-15 medium
      without serum. In addition, the percentage of epithelial explants demonstrating
      cellular outgrowth was greater in medium 199. The differences in cellular
      behavior were shown not to be the result of different sugars, pH, or the presence
      of CO2. The nuclear transfer results may reflect the structural changes in the
      epithelium after lens culture in the two media.

PMID- 1087628
TI  - Successful excision of left ventricular aneurysm with concomitant right aorto
      coronary saphenous vein bypass.

PMID- 1087629
TI  - Environmental influence on immunity due to B.C.G. vaccination.

PMID- 1087630
TI  - Differences in the infectivity of Babesia incubated in plasma and serum and the
      role of glucose in prolonging viability.

PMID- 1087631
TI  - Problem oriented recording in community nursing--a new experience in education.

PMID- 1087632
TI  - Some biochemical changes in lenses of riboflavin deficient rats.
AB  - In order to better understand the role of riboflavin in the lens, we investigated
      the lenses of rats fed on a riboflavin deficient diet for 7 weeks to determine
      changes in the inactivation of cortisol, the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G
      6-PD) activity and the histidine or 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase activity.
      The cortisol-binding capacity and G-6-PD activity in the lenses of rats fed on a
      riboflavin deficient diet were found to be decreased as compared with a control.
      Histidine decarboxylase activity was found twice as high in the riboflavin
      deficient rats as in the normal lenses however, 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase
      was somewhat decreased. These findings show that catabolical changes in the
      metabolism of rat lenses are induced comprehensively by feeding on a riboflavin
      deficient diet in the same manner as changes are seen in the cataractous lens.

PMID- 1087633
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass surgery from a pathologist's point of view.

PMID- 1087634
TI  - Freeze-fracture-autoradiography.
AB  - A new method for the electron microscope autoradiography of soluble substances in
      frozen tissue is described. The basic features of the method are freeze
      fracturing, the application of a suitable monolayer followed by exposure at low
      temperature and finally the separation of tissue and the replica-monolayer
      sandwich after photographic processing. The advantages and limitations of the new
      method are discussed in terms of monolayer quality, contact, histochemography,
      resolution, freezing and recrystallisation artefacts.

PMID- 1087635
TI  - Epidemiologic characteristics of women infected with Corynebacterium vaginale
      (Haemophilus vainalis).
AB  - In a group of 184 women infected with Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus
      vaginalis), 34% over age 30 were divorced or separated and 8% gave a history of
      induced abortion. Fifty-one percent were taking an oral contraceptive drug, as
      compared to 36% of 140 women in a control group. Various sexually transmitted
      diseases were diagnosed either concomitantly or at another time in 52% of women
      in the study group and 38% of those in the control group. The rate of cervical
      neoplasia (invasive carcinoma, carcinoma in situ, and dysplasia) was 13.6% in the
      study group and 5.7% in the control group, the rate in the study group being
      several times that in the general population. These and other available
      epidemiologic data support the conclusion that C vainale is transmitted sexually.

PMID- 1087636
TI  - Prevalence of alpha-i-antitrypsin deficiency in pulmonary diseases.

PMID- 1087637
TI  - Studies on urinary kallikreins. I. Purification and characterization of human
      urinary kallikreins.
AB  - Human urinary kallikrein [EC 3.4.21.8] (HUK) was purified about 200-fold with an
      overall yield of 40 percent from crude powder by DEAE-cellulose chromatography,
      acetone fractionation, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and DEAE-Sephadex A-50
      chromatography. Its activity was 200 kallikrein units (KU) per A280. HUK from
      active fractions obtained by DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography was separated into
      three active components showing isoelectric points of 3.9 (HUK-1), 4.0 (HUK-2),
      and 4.2 (HUK-3) by isoelectric focusing: each HUK component was homogeneous on
      disc electrophoresis. The approximate molecular weights of HUK-1, -2 and -3 were
      estimated to be 2.7 X 10(4), 2.7 X 10(4), and 2.9 X 10(4), respectively, by gel
      filtration on a Sephadex G-100 column. The optimum pH's of HUK-1, -2, and -3 in
      esterolytic action were found to be 8.0, 8.3, and 7.5, respectively, and they
      were fairly heat stable in comparison with other glandular kallikreins. The three
      components of HUK were weakly inhibited by Trasylol, but were not affected by
      soybean and ovomucoid trypsin inhibitors. They were strongly resistant to
      treatment with urea and weakly resistant to treatment with guanidine. The
      activation energies of HUK-1, -2, and -3 were found to by 1.17 X 10(4), 5.1 X
      10(3), and 1.45 X 10(4) cal per mole, respectively. The Km values were estimated
      toward N-alpha-tosyl-L-arginine methyl ester (TAME), N-alpha-benozyl-L-arginine
      ethyl ester (BAEE), and N-alpha-benozyl-L-arginine methyl ester (BAME).

PMID- 1087638
TI  - Laboratory diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis: a solid phase radioassay for IgG
      and IgM antiglobulins.
AB  - A technique suitable for the routine estimation of IgM and IgG antiglobulins has
      been devised. The assay involves the binding of antiglobulins to plastic tubes
      coated with rabbit immunoglobulin: the amount of antiglobulin bound is then
      determined by adding radiolabelled antihuman IgG or IgM. The conditions for the
      assay have been examined and optimal incubation times and amounts of reagents
      established. Verification of the antibody nature of antiglobulin activity has
      been obtained. Both IgG and IgM antiglobulins were raised in virtually all
      seropositive rheumatoid arthritics, and most seronegative patients gave elevated
      values for either IgM or IgG rheumatoid factors. The use of an anti-light chain
      reagent as a screening test for total antiglobulins was investigated. These tests
      should prove valuable in diagnosis and permit quantitative evaluation of research
      studies.

PMID- 1087639
TI  - Failure to suppress theta antigenic expression in progeny derived from pre
      immunized maternal recipients.
AB  - One possible theory concerning the success of the fetus as an allograft has been
      attributed to maternal modification of foreign fetal antigenic expression. In
      this respect progeny derived from pre-immunized maternal mouse recipients, have
      been examined for any modification (reduction) of corresponding theta antigen
      determinants. Two major groups of mice were examined. The first group of embryo
      transplantation derived AKR homozygotes born from pre-immunized CBA recipients
      whilst producing the corresponding anti-thetaAKR antibody activity. The second
      group of naturally derived reciprocal (CBA x AKR)F1 heterozygotes were also born
      from pre-immunized maternal recipients. In neither group was theta expression
      found to be modified and the significance of this finding is discussed in respect
      of other situations where fetal antigenic expression is known to be altered by
      maternal influence.

PMID- 1087640
TI  - B and T lymphocytes in man. II. Circulating B and T lymphocytes in cancer
      patients.
AB  - B, T and "Null" lymphocytes from 87 coded peripheral blood samples from 33
      normals and 54 nonoperable or progressive cancer patients were determined. The
      controls have higher mean numbers of circulating lymphocytes than the cancer
      patients. Radiation-treated cancer patients have lower values than non-irradiated
      patients. This phenomenon is also seen in the relative and absolute T, but not
      the B lymphocytes. There was no difference in the B lymphocytes among the
      different groups of patients. However, the controls have the highest and the
      radiation-treated cancer patients have the lowest absolute numbers of B
      lymphocytes. Although cancer patients have higher relative numbers of "Null"
      cells than the controls, only the difference between the controls and the
      radiation-treated cancer patients was statistically significant.

PMID- 1087641
TI  - Effects of tetracaine on displacement currents and contraction of frog skeletal
      muscle.
AB  - The kinetics of mechanical activation of intact fibres were examined with a
      voltage-clamp technique. Tetracaine (2 mM) increases fifteen- to seventyfold the
      time required to produce a just visible contraction by cell membrane
      depolarization. 2. Displacement currents thought to be related to contractile
      activation remain in 2 mM tetracaine. Their characteristics are virtually
      identical to those found in the absence of the drug. Displacement currents also
      remain in fibres immobilized by treatment with 10 mM formaldehyde. 3. Despite its
      effect on contraction of intact fibres, tetracaine does not diminish contraction
      tension when Ca is applied directly to the contractile proteins of 'skinned'
      muscle fibres. The sensitivity of the myofilaments to Ca2+ also remains
      undiminished. 4. When acting on intact fibres the drug must therefore inhibit
      Ca2+-release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. It is estimated that 2 mM
      tetracaine diminishes more than tenfold the capacity for Ca2+-release in response
      to cell membrane depolarization.5. If muscle displacement currents represent
      events linking depolarization to Ca2+-release, then tetracaine must be able to
      block the release without affecting the potential-sensing portion of the release
      regulating mechanism. 6. Further experiments on skinned fibres show that
      tetracaine blocks or greatly diminishes caffeine contractions, but that Cl
      induced contractions of normal amplitude are still possible.

PMID- 1087642
TI  - Differential effects of tetracaine on delayed potassium channels and displacement
      currents in frog skeletal muscle.
AB  - 1. Delayed K+-currents and displacement currents were studied with a voltage
      clamp technique. 2. In normal fibres, the conductance of the delayed channel
      grows e-fold per 3 millivolts at sufficiently negative potentials and reaches a
      limiting value of 2-10 m-mho/cm2 (mean 5-8 m-mho/cm2) at positive potentials.
      Adding tetracaine (2 mM) reduces the limiting conductance, shifts the voltage
      dependence of the delayed channel to +25 mV more positive potentials and slows
      the kinetics fourfold. 3. By contrast, the displacement currents are virtually
      unaltered by 2 mM tetracaine. Their voltage-dependence is shifted by less than 5
      mV and their kinetics are unaffected. 4. Tetraethylammonium ions (TEA) are known
      to slow the kinetics of delayed K+-channels fivefold but fail, like tetracaine,
      to change the kinetics of the displacement currents. 5. Both tetracaine and TEA
      have thus large effects on the 'gating' of the delayed channel, yet little or
      none on the displacement currents. This suggests that the displacement currents
      in skeletal muscle are for the most part unrelated to the opening and closing of
      delayed channels. It is estimated that 'gating' the delayed channel in muscle may
      require no more than 1 or 2% of the observed charge displacement.

PMID- 1087643
TI  - Measurement of the conductance of the sodium channel from current fluctuations at
      the node of Ranvier.
AB  - Single myelinated nerve fibres of Rana esculenta were investigated under voltage
      clamp conditions at 13 degrees C. Fluctuations of steady-state membrane current
      were measured during the last 152 msec of 190-225 msec pulses depolarizing the
      membrane by 8-48 mV. Noise power spectral densities were calculated in the
      frequency range of 6-6-6757 Hz. 2. External application of 150 nM tetrodotoxin
      (TTX) and/or 10 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA) ion reduced the current fluctuations.
      The difference of current noise spectra measured in the presence and absence of
      TTX (TEA) was not changed by the presence of TEA (TTX) during both measurements,
      and was taken as the spectrum of the Na (K) current fluctuations. 3. Residual
      current noise during application of both TTX and TEA was, except for some excess
      noise at the low and high frequency ends of the spectrum, similar to the noise
      measured from a passive nerve model and could be understood in terms of Nyquist
      noise of the known resistances and the amplifier noise. 4. Na current fluctuation
      spectra were interpreted as the sum N/f+SNa(f) where SNa(F) represents the
      spectrum expected for a set of equal, independent Na channels with only two
      conductance states (open or closed) which follow Hodgkin-Huxley kinetics. With
      values of hinfinity, tauh and minfinity measured from macroscopic Na currents,
      the measured spectra were fitted well by optimizing N, SNa(0) and taum. Values of
      taum obtained by this method were in fair agreement with values found from
      macroscopic currents. 5. The 1/f component of Na current noise was roughly
      proportional to the square of the steady-state Na current, I2. The mean value of
      N/I2 was (1-1 +/- 0-3) X 10(-4). 6. The current carried by a single Na channel
      was calculated from fitted spectra and steady-state Na currents measured
      simultaneously with the current fluctuations. The single channel conductance
      gamma normalized to zero absolute membrane potential was calculated. The average
      gamma from twelve measurements at depolarizations of 8-40 mV was 7-9 +/- 0-9 pS
      (S.E. of mean). The apparent value of gamma was smallest with small
      depolarizations. Variations of the assumed kinetic properties of the model did
      not drastically affect the single channel conductance. 7. External application of
      0-1 mM-Ni ion lengthened taum in the macroscopic currents and in the fluctuation
      spectra and enhanced both the steady-state Na current and the current
      fluctuations. In Ni-treated nodes gamma was smaller than in normal nodes.

PMID- 1087644
TI  - Conductance of the sodium channel in myelinated nerve fibres with modified sodium
      inactivation.
AB  - 1. Na current fluctuations in nodes of Ranvier were measured under voltage clamp
      conditions as described in the preceding paper (Conti, Hille, Neumcke, Nonner &
      Stampfli, 1976) and analysed in terms of power spectral density calculated for
      frequencies between 30 Hz and 5 kHz. 2. External (10(-5) g/ml.) Leiurus scorpion
      venom or Anemonia Toxin II (3 X 10(-5) g/ml.) or internal 20 mM iodate were
      applied in order to remove or slow down inactivation in part of the Na channels.
      The treatment increased the steady-state Na current during the noise measurement
      one-to eight fold over that in normal fibres. 3. Noise spectra were interpreted
      as the sum of 1/f noise and noise SNa(f) due to all-or-none, open-close
      transitions of single Na channels. The drug effects on the inactivation could be
      accounted for either by assuming two populations of channels, one with and one
      without inactivation, or by postulating a single population with modified
      inactivation characteristics. 4. Except for an increase in amplitude, the
      fluctuation spectra SNa(f) were similar to the ones in normal nodes. Again, the
      time constants taum obtained from the fit of the spectra agreed within a factor
      of 2 with the values of taum found in the macroscopic Na currents. 5. From the
      fluctuation spectra, single Na channel conductances gamma of 5-4 +/- 0-4 pS
      (iodate), 6-7 +/- 0-5 pS (Leiurus) and 7-0 +/- 0-6 pS (Anemonia) were calculated.
      The value of gamma was not significantly voltage dependent. 6. Our observations
      indicate that inactivation of Na channels can be modified with at most small
      effects on the microscopic properties of the activation process and on the
      conductance of the open channel. They suggest that the h mechanism normally
      produces all-or-none, open-close changes of conductance.

PMID- 1087645
TI  - The effect of dithiothreitol on the time course of end-plate currents in the
      presence of neostigmine [proceedings].

PMID- 1087646
TI  - The binding of labelled saxitoxin to normal and denervated muscle [proceedings].

PMID- 1087647
TI  - Activation of isolated bundles of frog myofibrils in Ca-buffered solutions
      [proceedings].

PMID- 1087648
TI  - Excitability and functional organization of cutaneous tactile units of the
      bullfrog (R. catesbeiana).
AB  - Frog skin touch receptors are discrete structures which appear as dome-shaped
      translucent elevations of the epidermis. These domes are particularly responsive
      to direct touch. Tactile stimulation of adjacent skin never caused impulse
      activity, except when the skin distortion disturbed the domes. On stimulation at
      threshold intensity, the response of all units studied always consisted of a
      single impulse whether the stimulus energy was electrical or mechanical. While
      most tactile units discharged one impulse upon application of mechanical
      stimulation, a few also discharged one impulse upon stimulus release (on-off
      response). No after discharge was seen at stimulus strengths of three or four
      times threshold or after repetitive stimulation at 1,000 pps. The range of
      distribution of active domes/receptive field was 1--14. Generally the most
      sensitive domes appeared to be in or near center field. Twice as many of the
      tactile units responded more readily to cold than to warmth. The impulse
      frequency of units responding to thermal stimulation ranged from 3-11/sec. The
      conduction velocity of tactile units measured was within a range of 9--25 m/sec,
      with a mean of 12 m/sec. The results suggest that the following: 1) the existence
      of discrete structures which respond to tactile stimuli; a phylogenetic
      relationship might be postulated; 2) cold/touch receptors which appear to be
      present in greater quantity in the frog's skin than are warm/touch receptors, 3)
      touch units which should be considered primarily as mechanoreceptors with a
      possible secondary function as thermoreceptors.

PMID- 1087649
TI  - [Prolymphocytic leukemia of T-cell type. Report of a case with autopsy (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1087650
TI  - Studies on recovery mechanism from rinderpest virus infection in rabbits. I.
      Effect of anti-thymocyte serum and thymectomy.
AB  - The role of cell-mediated immunity in recovery from rinderpest virus infection in
      rabbits was investigated by application of immunosuppressive procedures, i.e.,
      treatment with anti-thymocyte serum and combined treatment with thymectomy and
      anti-thymocyte serum, both of which were confirmed to depress significantly cell
      mediated immunity in rabbits. The immunosuppressed animals recovered in almost
      the normal fashion in terms of clinical signs, of virus clearance from the blood
      and lymphoid tissues and of repair of the lesions. It was suggested that the
      thymus-dependent cell-mediated immunity may not be essential in recovery from
      rinderpest virus infection. Possibility of participation of other recovery
      mechanisms was discussed.

PMID- 1087651
TI  - [Discussion: nursing activities in encouraging the patients in dealing with the
      disease condition].

PMID- 1087652
TI  - [Nursing report: a study of home nursing of the aged--nursing of a patient who
      was anxious for a nursing visit].

PMID- 1087653
TI  - [Discussion: nursing beyond the concept of the "aged=--on the report by Niitsu].

PMID- 1087654
TI  - [Changes in the attitudes and behavioral trends of nursing students observed in
      excretory care (II)--a longitudinal study of 2-year nursing students].

PMID- 1087655
TI  - [Frequency distribution of the usage of medical terminology in the nursing scene-
      a study on nursing technology in nonverbal communication].

PMID- 1087656
TI  - [A case of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087658
TI  - International oral surgery.

PMID- 1087657
TI  - [Surgical correction of malunited maxillary fracture by means of Le Fort I type
      osteotomy (Obwegeser's method): report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087659
TI  - [Immediate reconstruction of resected mandible with the use of iliac bone and
      titanium plate--its application to hemimandiblectomy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087660
TI  - [A case of large hemangioma in the area of the lower lip and the chin. I.
      Resection of the tumor and immediate reconstruction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087661
TI  - [A case of papillary hyperplasia at the tip of uvula and its etiologic
      consideration (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087662
TI  - [A case of pseudomonas infection in the oral cavity (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087663
TI  - [A case of central fibroma originating in the area of the anterior mandible
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087664
TI  - [A case of ameloblastoma of the maxilla (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087665
TI  - [Multiple pin fixation of the facial bone fractures with Kirschner wires
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087666
TI  - [Verrucous carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087667
TI  - [Two cases of oral-facial-digital (O-F-D) syndrome (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087668
TI  - [Open reduction of condylar neck fracture: Report of 6 cases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087669
TI  - [Movements of the condyle in the cases of temporomandibular joint arthrosis by
      using the recording apparatus of condylar movement at the external auditory
      meatus (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087670
TI  - [A case of giant cell tumor of the maxilla associated with Paget's disease
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087671
TI  - [Clinical experiences of Protizinic acid (17190 R.P.) in oral surgery
      (postoperative inflammation, postexodontic pain, and temporomandibular joint
      disease) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087672
TI  - The receptive mechanism of various metallic ions in the lateral-line organ of the
      tadpoles of Rana catesbeiana.
AB  - The stimulating effect on the receptor organ of various mono-and divalent
      metallic ions on the lateral-line nerve of tadpoles was studied. The orders of
      the effectiveness were Ag + greater than T1+ greater than K+==Na+ greater than Li
      for monovalent ions and Sr2+ greater than Mg2+ greater than or equal too Ba2+
      greater than Cd2+ greater than or equal too Co2+ greater than Mn2+ greater than
      Zn2+ for divalent ions. Both agree well with the order of Pearson's softness
      parameter for monovalent ions and Edwards' modified parameter for divalent ones.
      All sorts of divalent cations exhibited suppressive effects on the stimulating
      effect of the monovalent cations when they were applied together with the
      monovalent cations. A simple selection rule was found for the suppressive effect.
      The stimulating effect of Na+ or K+ was suppressed by all sorts of divalent
      cations. But the effect of Ag+ was suppressed by Cd2+, but not by Mg2+ nor by
      Ca2+. In order to remove the Ag+ effect, a dilute solution of DTT was used,
      although the effect of K+ or Na+ was removed easily by rinsing with distilled
      water. From these results the receptive mechanism of the endorgan was thought to
      be chemical adsorption of ions in the receptor cell membrane. Based on the
      principle of "hard and soft acid and base", it is suggested that there are two
      types of binding sites for the ions on the membrane, a soft site and a hard one.

PMID- 1087673
TI  - Immunological studies on Metastrongylus apri infection. IV. Influence of whole
      body X-irradiation or anti-guinea pig thymocyte serum injection on acquired
      immunity in thymectomized guinea pigs.

PMID- 1087674
TI  - Rheumatoid disease without arthritis.
AB  - A middle-aged man developed multiple subcutaneous rheumatoid granulomata, high
      titer of rheumatoid factor, diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and digital
      clubbing in the absence of clinicoradiological evidence of synovial disease. This
      patient supports the concept of rheumatoid disease without arthritis.

PMID- 1087675
TI  - [Platelet aggregation and von Willebrand's factor in 32 insulin-dependent
      diabetics. Value of the measurement of filtration pressure in the presence of
      ADP].

PMID- 1087676
TI  - [Success with clinical use of an intra-aortic balloon pump].

PMID- 1087677
TI  - [Intensive therapy of persistent bleeding after surgery in acute gastric
      hemorrhage].

PMID- 1087678
TI  - [Hemorrhages from the upper gastrointestinal tract].

PMID- 1087679
TI  - [Use of diadynamic currents in the treatment of suppurative wounds].

PMID- 1087681
TI  - [Pneumocystis pneumonia in adults].

PMID- 1087680
TI  - [Complications of endoscopic examination of the esophagus and stomach].

PMID- 1087682
TI  - [Peutz-Jeghers-Touraine syndrome].

PMID- 1087683
TI  - [Sclerosing injections as emergency aid in hemorrhages from varicosed esophageal
      veins].

PMID- 1087684
TI  - [Treatment of upper digestive hemorrhage. Apropos of 180 cases].

PMID- 1087685
TI  - [Problems of hepatotoxocity of triacetyloleandomycin].

PMID- 1087686
TI  - A preliminary report on a study of serum alpha-1-antitrypsin and immunoglobulin
      levels in lepromatous leprosy.

PMID- 1087687
TI  - [Radioimmunoassays, their significance in clinical use. I. Autoantibodies: Anti
      DNA. II. Specific IgE-antibodies: RAST. III. Tumor antigens: CEA. IV. Australia
      antigen: HBsAg].

PMID- 1087688
TI  - Trypsin-kallikrein inhibitors from snails (Helix pomatia).

PMID- 1087689
TI  - Trypsin-kallikrein inhibitors from cuttlefish (Loligo vulgaris).

PMID- 1087690
TI  - [Kartagener's syndrome].

PMID- 1087691
TI  - [Acid alpha-glycoprotein, mucoprotein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in
      infantile rheumatic disease. Correlations and regression].

PMID- 1087692
TI  - Streptococcus: the evolutional parasite.

PMID- 1087693
TI  - Pseudomonas species in clinical microbiology.

PMID- 1087694
TI  - Detection of unusual strains of Gram-negative rods through the routine use of a
      deoxyribonuclease-indole medium.

PMID- 1087695
TI  - Isolation and characterization of Yersinia enterocolitica.

PMID- 1087696
TI  - Venereal disease--clinical and laboratory diagnoses.

PMID- 1087697
TI  - The nursing process, the operating theatre and the patient.

PMID- 1087698
TI  - The users of a carbon dioxide laser in burns surgery.

PMID- 1087699
TI  - Vasopressin-induced redistribution of binding sites for concanavalin A at the
      surface of epithelial cells from urinary bladder.

PMID- 1087700
TI  - Specific unresponsiveness to transplantation antigens induced by auto
      immunisation with syngeneic, antigen-specific T lymphoblasts.

PMID- 1087701
TI  - Evidence for the inactivation of precursor B cells in high dose unresponsiveness.

PMID- 1087703
TI  - [Physiology and study of the organ of equilibrium].

PMID- 1087702
TI  - Effect of (+) amphetamine on monoamine synthesis and metabolism after axotomy in
      rat forebrain.
AB  - (+)Amphetamine is known to produce feedback inhibition of catecholamine
      containing neurons in the central nervous system due to its indirect receptor
      stimulating properties. This feedback control may involve postsynaptic receptors
      and neuronal loops or presynaptic receptors and may be restricted to the
      catecholaminergic terminal system. In order to study the effect of (+)amphetamine
      on catecholamine synthesis and metabolism in the terminal system changes in
      impulse flow were eliminated by cutting the ascending monaminergic axons. Axotomy
      of the ascending monominergic fibers by means of a complete transverse cerebral
      hemisection resulted in a 3-fold increase in Dopa formation in the lesioned
      forebrain during 30 min after inhibition of the aromatic amino acid decarboxylase
      with 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine HCl, 100 mg/kg i.p. (+)-Amphetamine sulfate, 10
      mg/kg i.p. antagonized the hemisection-induced increase in Dopa formation and
      reduced the formation of 5-hydroxytryptophan. Pretreatment with haloperidol, 5
      mg/kg i.p. failed to counteract the effect of (+)amphetamine. In the intact
      forebrain the stimulation of Dopa accumulation was more than additive after
      combined treatment with haloperidol and (+)amphetamine. Hemitransection retarded
      the disappearance of dopamine and noradrenaline after administration of alpha
      methyl-p-tyrosine methylester HCl,300 mg/kg. (+)-Amphetamine, 10 mg/kg
      accelerated the utilization of dopamine on the lesioned side. Hemitransection
      reduced the formation of 3-methoxytyramine during 1 h after pargyline, 75 mg/kg
      i.p. After (+)amphetamine 3-methoxytyramine formation in the intact forebrain was
      3 times higher than in the lesioned forebrain. The action of (+)amphetamine on
      dopamine synthesis and release appears to be dependent on the firing rate in
      dopamine neurons.

PMID- 1087704
TI  - [A case of candida endophthalmitis].

PMID- 1087705
TI  - [Various aspects of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

PMID- 1087706
TI  - [Dimer-X in the intracranial subarachnoid space--its toxicity (author's transl)].
AB  - The reaction of the rats to injection of Dimer-X into the intracranial
      subarachnoid space or the cerebrum was examined. When 28% iodine Dimer-X was
      injected into the subarachnoid space, 7 of 10 rats showed agitation, which is the
      most severe complication, and all died within one hour. All of the reactions were
      reduced with the lower concentrations of Dimer-X. The rats which were
      premedicated with Valium and/or Decadron revealed fewer and less severe
      complications. It is believed that the intracerebral injection method has many
      disadvantages, the results of its experiment are therefore reported without
      further elaboration. From the results of the experiment it is concluded as
      follows: 1) Dimer-X should not be injected into the intracranial subarachnoid
      space. 2) Dimer-X of low concentration in the subarachnoid space reduces the
      complications. 3) Complications from the subarachnoid application of Dimer-X can
      be reduced by premedication with Valium and Decadron.

PMID- 1087707
TI  - [Angiographic diagnosis of bleeding Meckel's diverticulum. Personal experience].

PMID- 1087708
TI  - [Role of surgery in the treatment of acute myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1087709
TI  - [Diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities of visceral angiography in acute and
      chronic hemorrhages of the digestive system].

PMID- 1087710
TI  - The prevalence of drug therapy amongst dental patients.

PMID- 1087711
TI  - Recent advances in rheumatology.

PMID- 1087712
TI  - Transmission of jaagsiekte (ovine pulmonary adenomatosis) by means of a permanent
      epithelial cell line established from affected lungs.
AB  - An epithelial cell line, designated JS-15,4, has been established in culture from
      jaagiekte lesions and subcultured in vitro for almost 2 years. It exhibits
      morphological and other features of transformed cells and has been shown by
      electron microscopy to consist of type B ovine alveolar epithelial cells.
      Jaagiekte was successfully transmitted to 3 new-born lambs by the intratracheal
      injection of cells following immunosuppressive treatment with either anti
      thymocyte immunoglobulin alone or combined with anti-macrophage immunoglobulin.
      Incubation periods as short as 10 weeks were recorded. Evidence was also obtained
      that natural transmission may result from the inhalation of viable cells.

PMID- 1087713
TI  - Fossa posterior measurements: significance of sella to floor of 4th ventricle
      measurements (normal position of floor of 4th ventricle).
AB  - Two proportional methods are introduced to determine the normal position of the
      floor of the 4th ventricle expressed by two preventricular ratios: (see article);
      where ds = dorsum sellae, Ts = tuberculum sellae and Tw = Twining's line. T4 is
      the intersection between Tw and the floor of the 4th ventricle. The methods give
      information of the position of the 4th ventricle, the diameter of pons and the a
      p diameter of the pituitary fossa.

PMID- 1087714
TI  - [Acute lymphoid leukosis in children].

PMID- 1087715
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulin content in children with histiocytosis X].

PMID- 1087716
TI  - [Characteristics of diagnosis and clinical course of pulmonary tuberculosis in
      children and adolescents with congenital heart defects].

PMID- 1087717
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of developmental defects of the lungs and pulmonary
      tuberculosis in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1087718
TI  - [Tuberculin reactions in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of tuberculosis in
      children].

PMID- 1087719
TI  - [BCG vaccination of children under 6 years old and of persons with whom they have
      contact].

PMID- 1087720
TI  - Fetal hemopoiesis in diffusion chamber cultures: II. Cell proliferation and
      differentiation.
AB  - The growth and differenciation of hemopoietic cells from murine fetal liver (FL)
      and adult bone marrow (ABM) in diffusion chambers (DC) implanted into normal CF1
      mice were evaluated. Initially FL suspensions were approximately 90%
      erythrocytic, but after 4 days in DC implanted into either normal or
      phenylhydrazine (anemic) pretreated hosts, growth was essentially restricted to
      the granulocyte-macrophage cell types. The number of in vitro colony forming
      cells (CFC), as assayed in a double layer soft-agar technique was determined
      after varying periods of growth in DC of both ABM and FL. Both groups showed a
      progressive decline in CFC number. FL and ABM CFC generated the same proportion
      of different morphologic types of soft agar colonies. After 7 days of DC culture,
      there was a decrease in the proportion of macrophage colonies from both groupes.
      During DC culture the ratio of clusters (3-50 cells to colonies progressively
      increased in both groups suggesting a parent-progeny relationship between CFC and
      cluster forming cells. The results of these studies provide further evidence that
      the environment rather than properties intrinsic to murine stem cell determines
      the pattern of proliferation.

PMID- 1087721
TI  - [Clinical and biological studies in the Bernard-Soulier syndrome (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Bernard-Soulier syndrome is a rare constitutional thrombopathy, the main clinical
      feature is a bleeding tendency which is variable. The long bleeding time, in
      spite of a normal or little decreased platelet count, has been recently
      explained: the giant platelets have a defective adhesion to subendothelium. This
      abnormal adhesion could be related with an abnormal pattern of platelet membrane
      glycoproteins. Interactions between vessel wall, von Willebrand's factor and
      platelets are discussed.

PMID- 1087722
TI  - Effect of long-term hyperglucocorticoidism on the neuronal morphology of the
      trigeminal ganglion of the mouse.
AB  - Immature mice were treated for up to 12 weeks with daily doses of triamcinolone
      diacetate. The trigeminal ganglion was studied histologically at regular
      intervals. By the tenth injection significant morphological changes were noted in
      the various nerve cells, followed by marked cellular deterioration in the form of
      lysis or pyknosis. A possible explanation for the above findings is discussed.

PMID- 1087723
TI  - On the relevance of serotoninergic-dopaminergic interactions in effects of
      morphine in rats.

PMID- 1087724
TI  - Technical possibilities for coronary artery bypass surgery and the outlook for
      graft patency.
AB  - In an attempt to analyse the results of saphenous bypass grafting 213 patients
      were re-investigated by repeat coronary, graft and left ventricular angiography.
      In this series, the presence of diffuse arterial disease was not considered as a
      contra-indication to operation. Instead, additional endarterectomy was performed.
      The overall patency rate was 88% and was not significantly altered by the passage
      of time, although the patency rate during the first 6 months was 94%. The patency
      rate did not appear to be influenced by the age of the patient, the severity of
      the lesion pre-operatively, the artery grafted nor additional endarterectomy. The
      run-off was judged to be good in 82% of grafts investigated before 6 months,
      compared to 70% of those investigated later. Progress of the disease in the
      native vessels appeared to be slightly accelerated in the segment proximal to the
      graft.

PMID- 1087725
TI  - Emergency myocardial revascularization.
AB  - From 1969 to 1975, 175 patients with acute coronary insufficiency underwent
      emergency saphenous vein aorto-coronary bypass grafting (SVBG). The patients were
      divided into two groups: group I, unstable angina (165 patients) and group II,
      acute evolving myocardial infarction (ten patients). In group I, the hospital
      mortality was 8-4%, the incidence of post-operative myocardial infarction was 10
      3%. Long-term follow-up was obtained for an average of 25 months, functional
      improvement was definite in the majority of the patients and actuarial survival
      curves show 87% patients alive at the end of 48 months. In group II, the hospital
      mortality was 30%; seven of ten patients had good results.

PMID- 1087726
TI  - Correlation between anti-DNA antibody titre and psychiatric manifestations in
      systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus with predominant psychiatric
      involvement was followed during two psychotic exacerbations of her disease. A
      high correlation was found between disease activity and the titre of anti-DNA
      antibodies. Disease activity was preceded and accompanied by a high titre, while
      remission was associated with low titre. The significance of this correlation for
      the pathogenesis, diagnosis and managment of the psychiatric symptoms of systemic
      lupus erythematosus are discussed.

PMID- 1087727
TI  - [Emergency management of massive upper intestinal tract bleeding in general
      practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087728
TI  - [Electrostimulation of muscles in rehabilitation of patients with tuberculous
      spondylitis complicated by movement disorders].

PMID- 1087729
TI  - The latest facts and figures on anterior chamber lens implants.

PMID- 1087730
TI  - Serum IgA levels and antinuclear antibody formation in mice.

PMID- 1087732
TI  - Intravenous L-5-hydroxytryptophan in normal subjects: an interdisciplinary
      precursor loading study. Part II: profile of psychotropic effects derived from
      protocols and psychometric investigations.
AB  - L-5HTP was found to act primarily on mood, and unequivocally in the direction of
      elation. The subjective, protocols, psychometric results, and a double-blind
      study demonstrated convincingly and intra-individually consistent course of
      action of the substance under the chosen conditions of application. This course
      of effects can be described in three phases: In a first phase (about 0 to 1 1/2
      hours after end of infusion) an intensive mood elevation (mostly experienced as a
      disharmonious feeling), psychomotoric activity, changed perception, as well as
      somatic side effects were observed. A second phase (about 1 1/2 to 3 1/2 hours
      after end of infusion) was characterized by elevated mood (feeling of well-being)
      together with a tendency to inactivity, whereas other phenomena were less often
      reported. A third phase (about 3 1/2 to 6 hours after end of infusion) was
      characterized by mood decline and the feeling of having again reached
      "normality". Side effects again tended to occur. It is shown that neither placebo
      nor situative effects greatly influenced elevation of mood or other substance
      effects. This is demonstrated by the homogenous time course and the blind
      studies.

PMID- 1087731
TI  - Intravenous L-5-hydroxytryptophan in normal subjects: an interdisciplinary
      precursor loading study. Part 1: Implications of reproducible mood elevation.
AB  - L-5-hydroxytryptophan ethylester (Ro 3-5940), a new soluble form of this
      serotonin precursor, was administered to 26 healthy, non-depressed subjects after
      premedication with the peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor benserazide (Ro 4-6402)
      in a total of 51 infusions. Those conditions were chosen for the main trial which
      in a pre-trial investigation had proved to combine minimal side effects with
      clear central effects in particular the observed marked mood elevation after 1
      5HTP. Using these standardized conditions of application, an interindividually
      similar pattern of the time course of substance effects could be shown, and
      convincing evidence was deducible for an objective mood elevating effect of 1
      5HTP infusion. Amongst the most impressive results was the parallelity of the
      time course of mood changes and concomitant changes in serum growth hormone
      levels. Especially emphasized are the important questions of effectivity,
      specificity and clinical practicability or safety, which are essential for any
      precursor study. Arguments are presented supporting the assumption that primarily
      serotoninergic changes underlie these mood effects. In our opinion this mode of
      i.v. application of 1-5HTP represents a practicable strategy for investigating
      biochemical hypotheses as to serotonin mediated normal and deviant human
      behaviour, especially in affective disorders.

PMID- 1087733
TI  - Intravenous L-5-hydroxytryptophan in normal subjects: an interdisciplinary
      precursor loading study. Part III: Neuroendocrinological and biochemical changes.
AB  - In a precursor study with i.v. 1-5HTP (Ro 3-5940) after peripheral decarboxylase
      inhibition with benserazide (Ro 4-4602) in healthy human subjects the following
      biochemical changes were found: 1. Prolactin release was stimulated by
      benserazide alone, and further stimulated by 1-5HTP (more in women than in men).
      2. Basal growth hormone secretion was not affected by benserazide, but was
      significantly stimulated by 1-5HTP, often to extremely high values. The time
      course of growth hormone release followed that of mood elevation in 8/11 subjects
      (and was even correlated in 3), providing data for speculation as to the
      interrelationships between affective state and neuroendocrinological function. 3.
      Cortisol levels were higher than normal throughout the experiment, but followed
      the diurnal decline. A late stimulation of cortisol release after 1-5HTP was
      observed. 4. The lack of increased platelet serotonin after 1-5HTP indicated
      efficacious peripheral decarboxylase inhibition by benserazide. 5. Benserazide
      treatment inhibited platelet MAO activity in certain subjects. Short-term
      increases in MAO activity after 1-5HTP were observed. 6. 1-5HTP displaced albumin
      bound tryptophan by 20%.

PMID- 1087734
TI  - Intravenous L-5-hydroxytryptophan in normal subjects: an interdisciplinary
      precursor loading study. Part IV: Effects on body temperature and cardiovascular
      functions.
AB  - In 14 healthy subjects the effect of a new soluble 1-5HTP ester (Ro 3-5940) in
      combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor on circulatory variables
      and body temperature was studied. The orthostatic adaptative functions were
      impaired while no consistent changes were observed in resting parameters. With
      the exception of an initial rise during infusion, measurements of oral
      temperature in the group as a whole showed no significant changes. However, if
      gender was considered, a long-lasting fall of temperature in males (N = 7) and
      rise in females (n = 6) was observed. The greatest difference between the
      hypothermic reaction in men and the hyperthermic reaction in women occured two
      hours after the end of infusion, at the same time where mood effects were most
      intense. The temperature findings support a modulatory function of central
      serotoninergic mechanisms in thermoregulation in man and emphasize the importance
      of sex specific factors in pharmacological studies.

PMID- 1087735
TI  - Neural pathways mediating septal hyperreactivity.

PMID- 1087736
TI  - [Value of alpha, antitrypsin deficiency in heterozygotes with chronic obstructive
      bronchitis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087737
TI  - Problems of understanding the substructure of synapses.

PMID- 1087738
TI  - The formation of continuously ordered mappings.

PMID- 1087739
TI  - [Meningococcal meningoencephalomyelitis with septicemia and shock. Pathogenic and
      therapeutic aspects of an observed case].

PMID- 1087740
TI  - [Postnecrotic hepatocirrhosis with the presence of Australia antigen in a woman
      patient with acquired agammaglobulinemia (authors transl)].

PMID- 1087741
TI  - The effect of cytostatic therapy on cellular immunity in vitro.

PMID- 1087742
TI  - [Current aspects of coronary surgery].

PMID- 1087743
TI  - Gastro-intestinal microbleeding under acetylsalicylic acid, ketoprofen and
      placebo.
AB  - A quantitative comparison of gastro-intestinal microbleeding induced by
      acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 3.6 g daily, ketoprofen (KETO), 200 mg daily and
      placebo (P) was undertaken in 12 normal volunteers using a double-blind factorial
      design with repeated measures. We conclude that KETO induces less gastro
      intestinal bleeding than ASA but more than placebo and that there is a
      significant residual bleeding under placebo following ASA.

PMID- 1087744
TI  - [Possibilities of differential diagnosis for positive ventriculography in
      children (author's transl)].
AB  - On the basis of 112 positive ventriculographies showing enlargement of the
      ventrical system in children and adolescents and excluding supratentorial
      processes, the possibilities and limitations of ventriculographic differential
      diagnosis were presented. Pathognomonic findings were found in inflammatory
      aquaduct occlusions and in meningoceles combined with hydrocephaly. In neoplastic
      or otherwise induced ventricular enlargement, statements can be made only in
      regard to the localization and often to the extent of the process. In spite of
      these limitations, the advantages of the positive contrast are obvious.

PMID- 1087745
TI  - Evidence for the release of mitogenic factors by both T and B lymphocytes in the
      human.
AB  - Lymphocytes incubated with antigens or nonspecific stimulatory agents may release
      factors that induce DNA synthesis in other lymphocytes. The aim of this
      investigation was to determine whether such mitogenic factors (MF) are produced
      by both T and B cells in the human. Both T- or B-cell-enriched cell preparations
      from peripheral blood were found to release MF during or after incubation with
      phytohemagglutinin or pokeweed mitogen. Concanavalin A covalently bound to
      Sepharose triggered B-cell preparations to higher MF release than either T cells
      or unfractionated lymphocyte suspensions. These results strongly indicate that
      both T and B cells in the human are able to produce MF.

PMID- 1087746
TI  - DNA-synthetic responses of fractionated human lymphocytes exposed to lymphocyte
      derived mitogenic factor.
AB  - Human peripheral lymphocytes that have been exposed to phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
      release mitogenic factors (MF) on subsequent incubation in fresh medium. In this
      investigation, MF-rich supernatants were analyzed for their ability to induce DNA
      synthesis in various fractions of peripheral human lymphocytes. MF was found to
      induce higher DNA synthesis in T-cell preparations that in unfractionated
      lymphoid preparations or B-cell-rich fractions. Evidence is presented showing
      that some types of non-T-cell can inhibit the MF response of T cells. These cells
      are nonadherent and nonphagocytic and require DNA synthesis to express their
      inhibitory activity. These results suggest that the regulation of the action of
      lymphocyte-derived MF is cell-mediated.

PMID- 1087747
TI  - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: studies on the effect of drug treatment on
      different lymphocytic subpopulations.
AB  - In the present work the effect of drug treatment on different lymphocyte
      populations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia was studied. During therapy there was
      evidence of an increased number of cells unidentifiable by conventional surface
      markers, provisionally termed lymphocyte surface-marker-negative cells. In
      addition, evidence of increased numbers of T lymphocytes in untreated patients
      and further evidence of IgG chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells were obtained.

PMID- 1087748
TI  - Suppressor cell activity in a male infant with T-and B-lymphocyte dysfunction
      treated with thymosin.
AB  - A male infant with bilateral iris coloboma who had had repeated infections and
      malabsorption was studied. The levels of total lymphocytes and of T and B cells
      were normal or high, but IgA became undectable and IgG low, whereas IgM was
      normal. His lymphocytes did not respond to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin
      A, pokeweed mitogen (PWM) or in mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR), nor did they
      respond in vitro when thymosin was included in the test systems. He was skin-test
      negative, even to dinitrochlorobenzene. His crudely isolated T lymphocytes and
      the supernatant of his PHA-stimulated lymphocytes inhibit the response of normal
      lymphocytes to PHA, PWM, and in MLR. During thymosin treatment skin test and
      lymphocyte reactivity to mitogen remained negative. He became faintly positive in
      MLR, and the suppressor activity in the supernatant of his PHA-stimulated
      lymphocytes no longer inhibited the response of normal lymphocytes to PHA, PWM,
      or in MLR. In parallel with thymosin treatment he showed quite marked clinical
      improvement.

PMID- 1087749
TI  - Lung function studies in asymptomatic individuals with moderately (Pi SZ) and
      severely (Pi Z) reduced levels of alpha1-antitrypsin.
AB  - Extensive physiological evaluation of lung function were conducted in two groups
      of asymptomatic individuals with deficiencies of alpha1-antitrypsin: seven
      subjects with phenotype Pi SZ and six subjects with phenotype Pi Z. Four
      symptomatic individuals of Pi Z type were also investigated. The asymptomatic
      individuals of both SZ and Z phenotypes revealed reduction of elastic recoil,
      hypoventilation and hypoperfusion of the lung bases with increased closing and
      nitogen wash-out volumes. No signs of bronchial obstruction were observed. The
      asymptomatic Pi SZ subjects revealed as many signs of subclinical disease as did
      the asymptomatic Pi Z subjects. These data suggest that Pi SZ subjects are at
      increased risk of emphysema similar to Pi Z subjects.

PMID- 1087750
TI  - [Life expectancy and frequency of infarct after aorto-coronary bypass].
AB  - Survival rate and incidence of myocardial infarction after aortocoronary bypass
      operation in 274 patients are presented. Mortality was 5.1% within the first
      postoperative month and the 5-year-survival rate was 86%. There were 24
      perioperative myocardial infarctions and another 21 infarctions over the next 5
      years. Comparison of these data with the natural history of coronary heart
      disease suggests a possible prolongation of survival after bypass surgery. The
      incidence of myocardial infarction appears to be unchanged.

PMID- 1087751
TI  - [Work load hemodynamics before and after aortocoronary bypass].
AB  - Left ventricular enddiastolic pressure (LVEDP) was studied during exercise in 22
      patients pre- and postoperatively under an identical work load. 13 patients
      showed improvement of LVEDP (normalization in 5), LVEDP was unchanged in 5
      (w.n.l. in 2), and had deteriorated in 4. These results suggest that improvement
      or normalization of LVEDP under exercise following aortocoronary bypass surgery
      can be assumed if there is complete revascularization, if all grafts are
      functioning well, if there is no progression of the underlying disease, and if
      preoperative LV angiography is normal or shows only ischemic (reversible)
      hypokinesis.

PMID- 1087752
TI  - ["Impending infarct". Clinical, ergometric and angiographic pre- and
      postoperative results in 12 emergency operated patients. Preliminary report].
AB  - Pre- and postoperative results are presented in 12 patients who underwent
      emergency aortocoronary bypass. Operative mortality was zero. 1 patient died 8
      months after surgery. Postoperative follow-up averaged 12.5 months (2-37 months).
      Postoperatively, 7 patients were totally angina-free, 1 was considerably improved
      and 3 were unchanged.

PMID- 1087753
TI  - [Left ventricular function at rest and during dynamic load before and after
      aortocoronary bypass. Preliminary report].
AB  - 17 patients with coronary artery disease were studied before and 10 +/- 3 months
      (mean +/- 1 SD) after aortocoronary bypass surgery. Left ventricular performance
      was analyzed at rest and in 12 cases during dynamic exercise (work load 59 +/- 22
      watts) with tip manometer pressure measurements. The degree of coronary artery
      obstruction was estimated pre- and postoperatively by vascularization index
      (VaI). Patients were separated into 2 groups (group A: 8 patients with
      postoperatively improved VaI, and group B: 9 patients with unchanged or worsened
      VaI). Apart from a significant fall in LVEDP (p less than 0.025) in group A,
      there was no significant change in left ventricular dynamics in either group at
      rest, while a significant improvement in mean LVEDP (p less than 0.05), max dP/dt
      (p less than 0.05), Vpm (p less than 0.005) and Vmax (p less than 0.005) during
      dynamic exercise was observed in group A, but no significant change in these
      terms in group B, after surgery.

PMID- 1087754
TI  - [Study of cellular immunology in malignant and benign monoclonal gammapathies].
AB  - In 25 cases of myeloma and 15 cases of benign paraproteinemia the functional
      situation of circulating lymphocytes was studied. The technique used was the
      incorporation of 3H-thymidine after PHA stimulation. E rosette formation and
      immunoglobulin bearing cells were evaluated. A reduction of 3H-thymidine
      incorporation in the blastic cells was seen in the patients with myeloma (the
      difference was statistically significant: p less than 0.001). In benign
      monoclonal gammopathies the reduction was moderate and was not statistically
      significant. The different blastic response in vitro in the two group of patients
      tested confirms that the respective immunocompetent systems clearly differ.

PMID- 1087755
TI  - [When should long-term hemodialysis be started?].

PMID- 1087756
TI  - [Ventriculography--encephalography].

PMID- 1087757
TI  - [Stimulation of healing and prevention of surgical wound suppuration].

PMID- 1087758
TI  - Supplementary treatment with kallikrein-trypsin inhibitor in acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1087759
TI  - [Natamycin-S treatment of ringworm in cattle. Epidemiological aspects (author's
      transl)].
AB  - At a test centre for bulls the progress of a ringworm infection was studied. By
      treating only the affected animals with natamycin-S the progress of the disease
      as well as the spreading of the infection among untreated animals could be
      studied. By treating only the affected animals with natamycin-S the progress of
      the disease as well as information could be gathered on the difference of
      progress of the infection in both groups and also of the role of possible
      immunity.

PMID- 1087760
TI  - [Alcohol and the gastrointestinal system].

PMID- 1087761
TI  - Serological identification of Ia antigens: report of a British region Ia
      workshop.
AB  - In preparation for the 7th International Histocompatibility Workshop 13
      laboratories in the British Region participated in a local workshop. One hundred
      and twenty-three sera which had been previously shown to have activity on either
      normal B cells, CLL cells or B cell lymphoid lines in the absence of HLA-A, B or
      C activity were exchanged between the laboratories. These sera were tested on a
      total of 212 B cells, 101 CLL cells, 76 T cells and 76 lymphoid cell lines. The
      data was collected and analyzed in Oxford. The analysis showed that six groups of
      sera could be distinguished. When these groups were compared with the D locus
      typing of some of the lymphoid lines which were derived from individuals used as
      MLC typing cells, they were seen to have significant associations with D locus
      antigens. The serological groups defined were therefore given numbers
      corresponding to the D locus numbers they associate with, i.e. UK1 is associated
      with DW1 and so on for UK2, 3, 4, 5 and 7. Comparison of typing techniques showed
      that long incubation both with antiserum and then with complement, 1 hour + 2
      hours gave the best and most reproducible reactions on normal B cells. Residual
      anti-HLA-A, B or C activity in some of the sera even after platelet absorption
      showed the importance of adequate checking on T cells after absorption.

PMID- 1087762
TI  - Effects of potassium ferricyanide on the evoked potential of isolated frog brain.

PMID- 1087763
TI  - Comparative effects of fenclorac and indomethacin on gastrointestinal blood loss
      in the rat.

PMID- 1087764
TI  - [An interesting case].

PMID- 1087765
TI  - Epidemiology of uveitis.

PMID- 1087766
TI  - Uveitis. A series of 368 patients.
AB  - During the first 10 years (1963-74) of a new Medical Ophthalmology Unit, 368 of
      3,930 admissions had endogenous uveitis, anterior in 215 (58 per cent.),
      posterior in 65 (18 per cent.), and generalized in 88 (24 per cent.). Acute
      uveitis in 153 patients tended to have a short course counted in months, whereas
      in 215 with chronic uveitis the condition was measured over years, punctuated by
      relapses. Sex distribution was equal. At the time of initial presentation, 60 per
      cent. of patients were aged 20 to 40 years, 8 per cent. were under 20, and 10 per
      cent. were over 60 years of age.

PMID- 1087767
TI  - Neglected lid deformities causing progressive corneal disease. Surgical
      correction of entropion, trichiasis, marginal keratinization, and functional lid
      shortening.
AB  - The potentially blinding abrasive deformities of the lids--trichiasis,
      districhiasis, entropion, and marginal keratinization--and the defects in lid
      closure resulting from functionally shortened upper or lower lids should be
      corrected surgically before contact lenses are fitted or corneal grafting
      undertaken. The choice of procedure for surgical correction of various degrees of
      trichiasis-entropion is indicated by the various associated findings, such as
      thickness of tarsal plate, presence of functional shortening of the upper lid,
      and involvement of the lower lid (Table II).

PMID- 1087768
TI  - Current management of ophthalmic herpes zoster.

PMID- 1087769
TI  - [Effect of cold acclimatization of grass frogs on the heat resistance of their
      somatic muscles in summer].
AB  - During cold acclimation (+5 degrees C) of the grass frog Rana temporaria L.
      changes in heat resistance were observed for six of seven skeletal muscles
      examined. Changes in the resistance of different muscles were directed
      differently. Low-resistant muscles demonstrated an increased resistance, wheras
      high-resistant muscles showed a decrease resistance. Within 24 hours of
      acclimation, all the muscles demonstrated totally decreased heat resistance. By
      the end of acclimation (30 days), the resistance of muscles increased to approach
      the initial level. On the background of those situation changes, seasonal changes
      in resistance of muscles proceeded.

PMID- 1087770
TI  - [Cytophotometric and electron microscopic findings concerning the composition and
      structure of granules developing in frog erythrocytes during incubation in
      solutions of neutral red and novocaine].

PMID- 1087771
TI  - [Relationship between the heat resistance of different muscles and frog viability
      during heat selection].
AB  - An attempt was made to elucidate the relation between the survival of mature
      frogs Rana temporaria during sudden (unforeseen) thermal selection and the heat
      resistance of several muscles: m. interfalangealis, m. ileofibularis, m.
      sartorius, m. gastrocnemius and m. rectus abdominis. It has been found that of
      greater selective value are the individuals with lower heat resistance not in all
      muscles, but in those having lesser heat resistance, such as m. ileofibularis and
      m. sartorius.

PMID- 1087772
TI  - [Cell response to penetration by informational macromolecules].
AB  - A relation is shown between the kinetic for of DNA uptake by the thymocytes
      (extremal or monotonous), the level of uptake (low or high) and the origin of DNA
      (hetero-or homologous). Preliminary irradiation of cells promotes a manifestation
      of  a cytopathogenous effect of the heterologous DNA. The association between the
      cytopathogenous effect of DNA and that of its information characteristics has
      been confirmed. The demonstration of cytopathogenous effects of native and
      degraded DNA was studied as a function of time of their storage. The
      chromatographic analysis of dispersion of the molecular weights of preparations
      at different time of their starage allowed a conclusion of the important role
      played by structure defects in manifestation of cytopathogenous properties of
      DNA.

PMID- 1087773
TI  - Polyarthritis, hepatitis and anti-native DNA antibodies after treatment with
      ethambutol and rifampicin.
AB  - After seven months' continuous treatment for suspected tuberculosis with
      rifampicin and ethambutol a nine-year-old boy developed polyarthritis, rash and
      hepatitis in association with anti-native DNA antibodies and positive antinuclear
      factor. Six weeks after withdrawal of the antituberculosis drugs and conservative
      management, the boy was clinically well and ten months later he remained well
      clinically and liver function tests, anti-DNA antibody and antinuclear factor
      tests were normal.

PMID- 1087774
TI  - [Profuse hemorrhages from carcinoids of the duodenum and ileum].

PMID- 1087775
TI  - [Effectiveness of vagotomy after repeated operations in duodenal ulcer].
AB  - The results of surgical therapy in 24 patients in whom reoperations on the
      stomach were supplemented with vagotomy are analysed. It is felt that in
      complicated peptic ulcers of gastroenteroanastomosis in operations after suturing
      perforated duodenal ulcer, in erosive gastritis of the gastric stump with
      hemorrhages reoperations on the stomach should be associated with vagotomy.

PMID- 1087776
TI  - [Vestibular reactivity of flight personnel studied by the NKUK method].

PMID- 1087777
TI  - [Impaired function of the vestibular apparatus in decompression sickness].

PMID- 1087778
TI  - [Effect of sinusoidal modulated currents and dosed physical loading on nucleic
      acid concentration in several tissues of rats with hypokinesia].

PMID- 1087779
TI  - [Direct current treatment of patients with marked residual symptoms following
      facial neuritis].

PMID- 1087780
TI  - [Use of sinusoidal modulated currents for stimulating the weakened muscles in
      infantile cerebral palsy].

PMID- 1087781
TI  - [Effect of sinusoidal modulated currents on the state of detrusor and sphincter
      tonus in patients with neurogenic bladder in spinal cord diseases].

PMID- 1087782
TI  - [Use of diadynamic currents and ultrasound for sports injuries].

PMID- 1087783
TI  - [Use of sinusoidal modulating currents in chronic cholecystitis].

PMID- 1087784
TI  - [Cases of meteo-labile patients at the health resorts of Druskininkai and
      Palanga].

PMID- 1087785
TI  - [Effect of trasylol on secretion of the pancreatic trypsin inhibitor].

PMID- 1087786
TI  - The effect of chlorine and its compounds used for disinfection of water on
      Trichomonas vaginalis.

PMID- 1087787
TI  - [Physical therapy of venous diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087788
TI  - [Lesions of the facial nerve in fractures of the skull base].

PMID- 1087789
TI  - [Current views of mycosis fungoides (proceedings)].

PMID- 1087791
TI  - [State of vestibular function in otosclerosis patients in the preoperative and
      early postoperative periods (according to electronystagmographic findings)].

PMID- 1087790
TI  - [Stability of static equilibrium in basketball players (according to
      cephalographic findings)].

PMID- 1087792
TI  - [Effect of an excess of serotonin in the brain on consolidation of temporary
      connections].
AB  - As a result of intravenous administration of 100 mg/kg of 5-oxytryptophane (5
      OTP) to mice, the serotonin content in the brain rises in ten minutes by 35 to 37
      per cent, and in an hour, by 58 to 60 per cent, and declines in a day to its
      initial level. In case of elaboration of passive avoidance reflexes (PAR) an hour
      after 5-OTP injection, their preservation considerably decreases in a day's time,
      while 5-OTP administration immediately following PARs elaboration does not affect
      their preservation. However, 5-OTP injected after PARs elaboration to animals
      subjected to preliminary cooling, sharply deteriorates their preservation. These
      facts in conjunction with the previously obtained date attest that excess of
      serotonin in the brain has a negative effect on the earliest stages of
      consolidation. When the animals are cooled and the brain temperature is reduced,
      the consolidation processes are retarded; as a result, the temporary connections
      prove to be still vulnerable to the action of serotonin excess set up after PAR
      elaboration.

PMID- 1087794
TI  - [Dissecatio profunda ventriculi as an uncommon complication of necrotizing
      pancreatitis (author's transl)].
AB  - Case report on an uncommon complication of a chronic-relapsing pancreatitis with
      a subacute necrotizing recidive and a retrogastrically located parapancreatic
      pseudocyst in a 44-yr-old man. An arrosion bleeding out of the A. lienalis into
      the pseudocyst with a pressure-induced perforation of the cyst led to a rupture
      of the outer layers of the wall of the stomach with a following splitting of the
      posterior gastric wall in the middle of the tunica muscularis in an extension of
      30 x 10 cm. A rerupture into the abdominal cavity with an internal bleeding
      caused the death.

PMID- 1087793
TI  - [Psychodynamic aspects of severalsheumatic diseases as revealed in tests].
AB  - Three groups of patients with rheumafactor-negative diseases (Palindromic
      Rheumatism, Reiter's disease, Psoriatic Arthritis) took psychodiagnostic
      investigations. Tests administrated: MMPI, Rorschach-test, Szondi-test and TAT.
      The findings  of the qualitative psychoanalytic investigations and
      interpretations of the  three groups were compared with the psychological topics
      of patients with chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis as well as with the findings of the
      psychoanalytic explorations by Zander. Finally some considerations to the link as
      well as to the reduction of movement responses in the Rorschach-test are made.

PMID- 1087795
TI  - [Method of assessing changes in the percentage of T- and B-lymphocytes (on the
      model of experimental benzene poisoning)].

PMID- 1087796
TI  - [Stem cell, T- and B-lymphocyte migration in mouse lines that are high and low
      reactors to sheep erythrocytes].
AB  - Migration of stem cells and B-lymphocytes from the bone marrow and of T
      lymphocytes from the thymus was studied on special models in mice of the CBA and
      C57BL lines, responding to sheep erythrocytes oppositely. Genetically-determined
      differences in the height of the immune response between the CBA and C57BL mice
      in immunization with sheep erythrocytes depended to a certain extent on different
      expression of the process of intensification of migration of the stem cells, T-
      and B-lymphocytes in response to the antigen administration.

PMID- 1087797
TI  - [Production of monospecific serum against secretory IgA (anti-SC) and a standard
      for quantitative analysis].
AB  - The authors describe a method of obtaining monospecific serum against secretory
      IgA and the corresponding standard. An immunochemically pure (11.6S) secretory
      human IgA was extracted from the colostrum by salt fractionation and gel
      filtration through Sephadex G-200 and Sepharose 6B; this IgA was used as an
      antigen for the immunization and the standard for the quantitative determination
      of SIgA in the secretions. Monospecific anti-SC-serum was obtained by successive
      exhaustion of the antiserum against the S IgA immunosorbents prepared from normal
      human serum and the serum of a patient suffering from A myeloma containing
      polymeric IgA forms.

PMID- 1087798
TI  - [Effect of antibodies to rat and human cerebral cortex and white matter on
      heterologous T- and B-cells].
AB  - A study was made of the cytotoxic and complement-fixation activity of the
      antisera to the cortex and white matter of the rat and human brain upon the mouse
      and rat thymus and bone marrow cells. The cytotoxicity test proved to be more
      sensitive and precise. Cytotoxins to rodent thymocytes were revealed on ly in the
      antisera against the human brain cortex; at the same time they were revealed both
      in the antisera against the cortex and against the white matter of the rat brain
      (much more was found in the former). The sera against the rat brain cortex lost
      their cytotoxicity after the exhaustion with the same antigen, but retained it
      when the exhaustion was carried out by the white matter.

PMID- 1087799
TI  - [Clinical electromyography and several problems in the neurophysiology of muscle
      tonus in man].
AB  - On the basis of a summarization of long-term studies of the different types of
      tonic reactions in normals and patients with different forms of dystonia, the
      author describes 7 types of such reactions. The paper deals as well as with
      possible physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of their occurrence and
      the significance of these data for the theoretical analysis of the regulation of
      the human muscular tone.

PMID- 1087800
TI  - [Complex therapy of movement disorders in lesions of the peripheral nervous
      system].
AB  - The authors conducted comprehensive treatment of 335 patients with traumatical
      injuries of the nervous trunks and plexi and of 361 patients with sacro-lumbar
      radiculoneuritis with a disturbances of the peroneus nerve. Positive results were
      attained in 80-85% of the patients with motor disorders when programmed
      bioelectrical stimulation was included into the therapeutical process. The
      possible mechanisms of action in automatized movements and disturbances of the
      motor functions are discussed.

PMID- 1087801
TI  - [Threshold in surveillance of pacemaker wearers].
AB  - Measurement of the threshold is important in the follow-up of pacemaker patients;
      it permits the assessment of the safety margin, between, on the one hand, the
      electrical impulse, and, on the other, the possible output of the pacemaker. In
      fact, one can only rarely obtain relative threshold measurements in the clinical
      situation using non-invasive techniques; this ability is limited to some units
      made only by a few pacemaker manufacturers. A decrease in the margin of safety
      may result from two main causes: an increase in the absolute threshold or a
      decrease in the pacemaker pulse amplitude due to depletion of the cells, or to
      electronic failure. If safety margin is reduced, and operative procedure is
      required to achieve the correct diagnosis by precise measurements of the absolute
      threshold.

PMID- 1087802
TI  - [Pacemakers 16 years later].
AB  - In 1976, 10 years after the first successful implantations, the pacemaker
      technique is perfectly well accepted. Transvenous placement of the electrode is
      preferred in 95 % of the cases. Besides the 15 years nuclear power pacers (1970),
      conventional mercury pacemakers may reach a longevity of 4 to 5 years because of
      the reduction of the current drain. Lithium iodine seems a very promising source
      of energy. The mini-pacemakers with various iodine anodes are particularly
      attractive. The future is probably a well designed medium sized lithium pacemaker
      lasting more than 7 years. Patient follow-up is very much improved. All
      pacemakers exhibit an obvious rate reduction when their source of energy runs
      down. Therefore general practitioner and even the patients may detect this
      symptom. The main problem remains the lead resistance. The reduction of the
      frequency of pacemaker replacements and of the medical check-up makes life more
      simple for the pacemaker patient.

PMID- 1087803
TI  - Pathology of chronic A-V Block.
AB  - Study of 177 cases of permanent A-V block shows idiopathic bilateral bundle
      branch fibrosis to be the commonest single cause (33%). This entity covers a
      spectrum of localised loss of conduction fibres in the proximal left bundle
      branch and bifurcating main bundle (Lev's disease) to moore periphery loss of
      conduction fibres in the bundle branches alone (Lenegre's disease). The
      aetiological factors in idiopathic bundle branch fibrosis are still obscure.
      Ischaemic damage is responsible for 17% of cases and are usually patients who
      have survived destruction of the bundle branches in septal infarction. Calcific A
      V block is the term applied to destruction of the main bundle by large masses of
      calcification in the mitral or aortic valve rings and is responsible for 10% of
      cases of chronic A-V block. The mass of calcium is visible to the naked eye at
      autopsy or by X ray in life. Cardiomyopathies of all types (except hypertrophic
      obstructive cardiomyopathy) involve the conduction system and produce 14% of
      cases of A-V block. The remaining numerous causes of chronic A-V block are
      individually very rare ranging through tumour involvement, congenital defects,
      collagen diseases and surgical or traumatic damage.

PMID- 1087804
TI  - [Arterial vascularization of the atrioventricular node and the trunk of the
      bundle of His].

PMID- 1087805
TI  - [Round table discussion. Development of bundle branch blocks into complete
      atrioventricular blocks].

PMID- 1087806
TI  - [Chronic atrio-ventricular blocks: etiology and epidemiology. Introduction].

PMID- 1087807
TI  - [Treatment by electrostimulation of chronic atrioventricular block: surveillance
      and future perspectives. Introduction].
AB  - After having reviewed the indications and the main modes of electrostimulation,
      the author introduces the problem of choice and especially of replacement of the
      pacemaker. In an overwhelming majority of cases, effective stimulation stops
      because the batteries are exhausted: this is announced in various ways, one of
      them being a reduced rate of discharge. The author's opinion is that a pacemaker
      should not be replaced preventively. On the contrary, appropriate follow-up
      during the last theoretical period of life, as mentioned by the manufacturers,
      will avoid losing many months of adequate stimulation. This problem will be
      developed in detail in the next papers.

PMID- 1087808
TI  - [Activity of artificial pacemaker surveillance units at the Hopital Brugmann].
AB  - 1. The pacemaker clinic is of invaluable help in the follow-up of patients with
      implanted cardiac pacemakers.  2. Photoanalysis provides important information in
      the study of functionating pacemakers and electrodes.

PMID- 1087809
TI  - Results of follow-up study in cardiac pacing at St. Raphael University Hosital in
      Leuven.
AB  - After this follow-up period some data seem important for the future: 1. Sudden
      failure never occurred for ventricular asynchronous units. Moreover battery
      survival time of fixed rate units is longer than that of ventricular-inhibited
      units. On the other hand, the use of fixed rate pacers avoids a number of demand
      function-related electrode difficulties. We must be aware of false signals
      generated by malfunctioning electrodes. 2. The reliability of a pacemaker clinic
      improves by replacing ventricular-inhibited units after 34 months. 3. Despite the
      additional work and cost we feel that photoanalysis is indispensable in today's
      pacemaker clinic.

PMID- 1087810
TI  - [Epidemiology and etiology of chronic atrio-ventricular blocks].

PMID- 1087811
TI  - [Malfunctions of pacemakers].
AB  - No pacemaker is absolutely reliable : more or less threatening failures can be
      observed after implantation. Pacemaker runaway has completely disappeared. Sudden
      battery failure, intermittent or permanent, remains too frequent. Other
      incidents, less frequent or severe, are also reviewed. Failures are often
      isolated and sporadic, but can sometimes involve a complete manufacture series.
      It is a medical duty  to follow-up carefully the patients and to announce the
      failures with a view to permit early recognition of imperfect series. Pacing
      failures do not play a major role in the mortality in the group of patients with
      permanently implanted pacemakers. Nevertheless, anticipated replacement of
      pacemakers increases the cost of the technique.

PMID- 1087812
TI  - [Calculation of the mean pressure of the pulmonary artery and of the valve
      surface by ECG in mitral stenosis].
AB  - From a group of 50 patients affected by pure mitral stenosis with sinus rhythm,
      we have tried to obtain multiple correlation equations which enable in to
      calculate, in each particular case, the mean pressure of the pulmonary artery and
      mitral valvular area from purely electrocardiographic facts. In an additional
      group of 16 patients we have been able to verify the mentioned equations, placing
      all the calculated points within the presumed limits of tolerance. So it appears
      that the electrocardiographic calculation of these hemodynamic parameters is
      possible, with sufficient approximation for clinical requirements.

PMID- 1087813
TI  - [A radioisotope method of measuring pulmonary vascularization].
AB  - The study of regional perfusion of the lungs by a radioisotopic method using a
      multiple detectors system and 133 Xenon as radioactive tracer, seems to us, an
      interesting tool in the investigation of valvular or congenital cardiopathy. This
      method can be repeated as much as necessary and is not traumatic. The
      reproductibility is good. The radiation exposure is minimal as well for the
      patient as for the physician.

PMID- 1087814
TI  - [Anatomy of the conduction system in an unusual case of a heart ventricle with
      double inlet (straddling tricuspid valve)].
AB  - The histological study of the conduction system has been done in a case of
      "straddling tricuspid valve". The main anomalies observed were an AV node located
      more anteriorly but at the left of the posterior interventricular septum and an
      hypertrophic bifasicular right bundle branch with an unusual anterior radiation.
      These morphological features allow to discuss the embryology of the conduction
      system and of the interventricular septum in that congenital cardiopathy.

PMID- 1087815
TI  - Bidirectional tachycardia a study of five cases.
AB  - Five patients with bidirectional tachycardia due to digitalis toxicity associated
      with severe organic heart disease were studied. The origin of the abnormal rhythm
      was established with the aid of His bundle recordings in three cases and by
      indirect clues in the others two. In three cases the origin of bidirectional
      tachycardia was suprahisian while in two patients it was infrahisian. In one
      patient the transition from junctional to ventricular tachycardia could be
      observed. Bidirectional tachycardia appears to be a complex arrhythmia in which
      similar electrocardiographic configuration can be due to different mechanism.
      Digitalis toxicity was often a causal factor.

PMID- 1087816
TI  - Suicide with aprindine and digoxin.
AB  - A 48 year old man with severe coronary artery disease died approximately 33 hours
      after swallowing unknown amounts of aprindine, digoxin, furosemide,
      acenocoumarol, flurazepam, nitrazepam and lorazepam. Blood analysis carried out
      40 min. before death showed no hydric or ionic imbalance; blood gases were
      normal. Serum digoxin concentration was 3.9 ng/ml; plasma concentration of
      aprindine was 2.5 mug/ml and plasma concentration of desethylaprindine was 386
      ng/ml. Patient was profoundly comatose, hypotensive, and the electrocardiogram
      showed broad and bizarre QRS complexes; patient ultimately died in irreversible
      secondary ventricular fibrillation and asystole. Aprindine probably played a
      decisive role in the fatal outcome of this complex drug intoxication.

PMID- 1087817
TI  - Cardiac changes in Thevetia Nerifolia poisoning.
AB  - There is a dearth of literature on phytotoxicology. A case of poisoning with seed
      of Thevetia Nerifolia is reported here and the neurotoxic and cardiotoxic
      manifestations are discussed.

PMID- 1087818
TI  - Left bundle branch block: a rare manifestation of digitalis intoxication.
AB  - A case of LBBB due to digoxin intoxication is presented. The diagnosis was made
      by repeated electrocardiograms and demonstration of high serum digoxin level at
      the time of toxic manifestation. Differential diagnosis of LBBB may also include
      drugs like digoxin.

PMID- 1087819
TI  - [Incidence, development and prognosis of atrio-ventricular and intraventricular
      conduction disorders in acute myocardial infarct].
AB  - The incidence, the evolution and the prognosis of conduction disturbances
      associated with myocardial infarction are described in a serie of 450 consecutive
      unselected patients hospitalized in a coronary care unit. Pacemaking does not
      seem to influence largely the natural history of myocardial infarction with
      conduction disturbances, which is essentially determined by myocardial power
      failure. Indications of insertion of a pacing catheter are presented.

PMID- 1087820
TI  - Advantages of side-to-side anastomosis in coronary surgery[(author's transl)].
AB  - It is of great importance to perform the most complete possible correction of
      multiple coronoronary vessels was shown at the Institut de Cardiologie de
      Montreal: early occlucion of grafts was low (1/32) and early occlusion of one of
      the anastomoses was acceptable (5/32). At one year follow-up (20 of the 32 grafts
      reviewed early), no additional total graft thrombosis was noted and only 2 more
      end-anastomes were lost. These rates of thrombosis are lover than those generally
      reported for series with a single anastomosis. The diagonal and anterior
      interventricular branches yield well to this technique; the main deterrent is the
      occurrence of unfavorable kinking of the graft.

PMID- 1087821
TI  - Endocrine influences on lymphatic organs, immune responses, inflammation and
      autoimmunity.

PMID- 1087822
TI  - [Asthma and lymphocyte subpopulations (Proceedings)].

PMID- 1087823
TI  - The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis and the use of trasylol in treatment.

PMID- 1087824
TI  - Aprotinin and myocardial performance in shock.

PMID- 1087825
TI  - [Unilateral caloric hyporeflexis].
AB  - Seventy-one patients with an unilateral caloric hypofunction were examined in
      order to establish the correlation with cochlear function. We divised our cases
      following the subjective clinical syndromes. Groupe A (12 patients) with a
      history of only one crise of vertigo. Groupe B (13 patients) with repeated
      vertiginous attacks. Groupe C (21 patients) with a positional vertigo only.
      Groupe D (15 patients) with rather undefinite complaints. Groupe E (7 patients)
      with no vertigo at all. We believe to discern the following syndromes in our
      cases of unilateral vestibular hypofunction: 9 cases with a history of a unique
      vertiginous crises could be considered as a vestibular "neuronitis" in the narrow
      sense of the word. One case with recidiving attacks could be considered as a
      neuronitis, or as a Meniere without cochlear disturbances. Some cases with a
      positional vertigo only or with very vague complaints could be considered as a
      neuronitis in a large sense.

PMID- 1087826
TI  - [Electrophysiological study on the frog lens fiber. (Preliminary report)
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087827
TI  - [Histochemical and electron microscopic studies of origin of amyloid substance in
      gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087828
TI  - [Immune reactivity in malignancy (author's translation)].

PMID- 1087829
TI  - Reliability of chemical tests for fecal occult blood in hospitalized patients.
AB  - In 39 hospitalized patients with suspected gastrointestinal bleeding and given
      intravenous 51Cr-labeled red cells, reactions of three chemical spot tests for
      fecal occult blood were compared with the "true" blood loss as determined by
      stool radioassay. Guaiac reagent and orthotolidine (Hematest) tablets were
      extremely sensitive, but yielded false-positive reaction rates of 72% and 76%,
      respectively on the 240 stool specimens compared. A modified guaiac test
      (Hemoccult) exhibited a false positive rate of 12%. Of the 27 patients entering
      the study due to positive guaiac or Hematest screening tests, 17 (63%) were not
      bleeding. Hemoccult, approximately 1/4 as sensitive as guaiac and Hematest, could
      miss lesions with low rates of bleeding unless multiple stools were tested. While
      barium had no effect, iron therapy or laxatives tended to lower both false
      positive and false-negative reactions for all reagents. A positive Hemoccult test
      usually indicated significant gastrointestinal bleeding and would appear to be
      the test of choice provided at least 3 stools are tested to minimize false
      negative results.

PMID- 1087830
TI  - Atheromatous embolization to the stomach: an unusual cause of gastrointestinal
      bleeding.
AB  - This is a case report of an 80-year-old female with persistent blood loss from
      what was initially considered to be "hemorrhagic gastritis." Distal gastrectomy
      showed extensive atheromatous embolism and resultant ischemic lesions of the
      stomach--the apparent cause of the chronic bleeding. The patient has remained
      well without further blood loss during a 15-month follow-up period. While a small
      number of cases of gastric hemorrhage associated with atheromatous embolism have
      been reported, they all have been diagnosed at autopsy. This case is unusual in
      that the lesion was successfully delt with by surgical resection of the involved
      area.

PMID- 1087831
TI  - The influence of aspirin on gastrointestinal microbleeding in dogs with gastric
      ulcers.
AB  - Fecal blood volume was determined daily in 11 dogs with single gastric ulcers.
      Beginning 11 days after production of the ulcers and dogs received, in crossover
      fashion, 2 placebo or ordinary 325-mg aspirin tablets orally twice daily during
      two 7-day treatment periods separated and followed by 5-day periods of no
      treatment. Mean daily fecal blood volumes of 0.52 and 3.25 ml were observed
      during periods of treatment with placebo and aspirin, respectively. However, in 7
      previous studies in this laboratory a total of 24 normal dogs have received 7-day
      courses of treatment with 650 mg ordinary aspirin twice daily on 105 occasions;
      during these 105 treatment periods fecal blood volume averaged 2.90 ml/day. Thus,
      it is concluded that the effect of ordinary aspirin in dogs with gastric ulcers
      is essentially the same as the effect in normal dogs, and that there is no
      tendency for dogs with gastric ulcers to bleed massively in response to aspirin.

PMID- 1087832
TI  - Polymorphism of human color vision.
AB  - The genetic polymorphism of human color vision is examined within the framework
      of a photopigment replacement model. An analysis of the X-linked recessive
      dichromacies and anomalous trichromacies indicates that one source of variability
      of normal color perception may be the inclusion of several distinct phenotypes in
      what is usually described as normal color vision. This analysis also reveals the
      cause of the dominance hierarchy at the protan and deutan loci, the perceptual
      effects of dosage compensation, and the phenotypes of various compound
      hemizygotes.

PMID- 1087833
TI  - Statistical and methodological considerations for vision screening.
AB  - The statistical measures and definitions currently in use for screening programs
      are discussed. Sensitivity, specificity, false negative, and false positive rates
      are defined and illustrated. The positive and negative predictive values and the
      over- and underrefferal rates are also discussed, and an example of these
      measures is provided. The relationship of rates to prevalence and expected
      screening results is shown. A method for calculating the standard error of
      sensitivity and specificity is also given.

PMID- 1087834
TI  - [Reflexotherapy by endo-nasal electrostimulation. Indications. Results in
      psychosomatic medicine].

PMID- 1087835
TI  - Electroretinographic evaluation of a treatment based on retina phosphatides in
      patients with various types of retinochoroid degeneration.
AB  - The authors treated 16 patients with various types of retinochoroid degeneration
      with a preparation containing phospholipids extracted from pig retina. The
      evaluation of the efficiency of the preparation was carried out using
      adaptoelectroretinography. Exogenous phospholipids caused a statistically
      significant increase at the level of the scotopic components of the ERG.

PMID- 1087836
TI  - [Investigations of constitution in patients with primary amotio retinae (author's
      transl)].
AB  - In 53 mostly old patients with Amotio retinae (37 femeles and 16 males) the type
      of constitution, meaning the placement in the variation grade from leptomorph to
      pyknomorph, was determined by biometrical methods (discrimination analysis). The
      calculated mean values of the group of patients were compared to the results of a
      leptomorph and a pyknomorph group as well as those of a control group. On a
      linear scale from lepto- to pyknomorph the patients could be placed between the
      controls and the pyknomorphs. The tendency toward pyknomorphy was statistically
      significant in the male patients only.

PMID- 1087837
TI  - [Early alterations of the conjunctiva after alkali-burning (author's transl)].
AB  - Early alterations of the conjunctiva after alkaliburning (with 0.25 N NaOH) are
      described. After chemical damage, there is a nearly total loss of conjunctival
      epithelium, with simultaneous marked edema in the lower conjunctival parts.
      Alterations of the surface are examined by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM).
      Within 24 h marked infiltration of round cells into the conjunctival stroma takes
      place. After burning, we find a rapid decrease in the ATP level in the
      conjunctiva to about one-tenth of the normal value, whereas glucose and lactate
      showed only small alterations before and after chemical injury.

PMID- 1087838
TI  - [Blood flow through different tissues under clonidine in rabbits (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The effect of i.v. administered clonidine on the blood flow through different
      tissues was investigated in six rabbits which had been anaesthetized with
      NembutalR. Six additional animals served as controls and received an equal
      quantity of a physiological sodium chloride solution. The blood flow was
      determined by means of radioactively labelled microspheres just before as well as
      15, 30 and 45 min after the administration of the drug or the placebo
      respectively. In most of the investigated tissues a considerable decrease in
      blood flow was observed 15 min after the injection of clonidine, whereas no
      effect was to be seen after administration of sodium chloride. For the first time
      after 30 min, and even more after 45 min the blood flow diminished as well in the
      control group. The flow-decreasing effect of clonidine occured in lung, skin,
      choroid, the small intestine, the triceps muscle, the ciliary body, iris, and
      white matter, whereas the opposite reaction was observed in liver (hepatic
      artery), retina and the optic nerve.

PMID- 1087839
TI  - A possible change of refractive index with age and its relevance to chromatic
      aberration.
AB  - The Purkinje-Sanson images of the eyes were photographed in red and blue light in
      two groups of subjects, young (19-38 years) and old (52-63 years). Densitometric
      examination of the negatives showed a significant increase in the amount of red
      light and a significant decrease in the amount of blue light reflected from the
      anterior surface of the lens (third image) in the group of old subjects as
      compared to the group of young persons. There is also a significant decline in
      the blue light reflected from the posterior surface of the lens (fourth image)
      but no change in the red light in old versus young eyes. From these results it is
      suggested that the index of refraction of the lens increases for red (nC) and
      decreases for blue light (nF) in the aging eye and similarly the index of the
      vitreous varies differentially in blue and red light. These specific changes in
      the indices of the lens and vitreous are believed to account for the large
      decline of axial chromatic aberration of the aging eye. In addition, the
      examination of the first Purkinje-Sanson image tends to indicate that the index
      of refraction of the cornea does not vary with age.

PMID- 1087840
TI  - [Biomicroscopic aspects of normal iris tissue in culture (author's transl)].
AB  - The cells shown were cultivated from iris pieces of 1-5 mg wet weight incubated
      in TCM 199 after adding 20% calf serum and antibiotics. Different morphologic
      aspects allowed some coordination of the cells to the corresponding iris layer.
      Even after 1 year's incubation, fibroblastic stroma cells showed a radiate growth
      from the insemination point. Pigment cell-like elements were packed with
      yellowish, bright, and intensely refracting spherical bodies, indicating a
      specific function. An analogous finding in the human eye after a perforating iris
      lesion was growth of chromatophores on the anterior lens capsule.

PMID- 1087841
TI  - [A description of a method for objective perimetry (author's transl)].
AB  - An infrared-sensitive TV Camera has been fitted into a projection perimeter,
      which allows to control fixation independent of the particular background
      illumination. The consensual pupil light reflex, triggered by the test light of
      the perimeter, is measured and registered with a special TV processor designed
      for this purpose. The method was tested for its efficiency on four healthy
      volunteers. The course of sensory and pupillomotor thresholds were measured on
      the 135 degree meridian of the visual field. Determinations were conducted in the
      photopic range of 10 asb background illumination with two test points of 27' and
      7'. A difference of 10 dB was found between the sensory and pupillomotor
      thresholds.

PMID- 1087842
TI  - [Autoimmunity in chronic inflammatory eye disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Preparations of allogenous and xenogenous retinal rod outer segments (ROS) were
      found to be adequately antigenic for detection of cellular immunity in human
      chorioretinitis. The electrophoretic mobility test was used for estimation of
      delayed-type hypersensitivity. No significant results with ROS were found in
      patients with panophthalmia or in control subjects. It is assumed that the
      results reported here in chronic ophthalmic inflammation may be produced by or
      connected with autoimmune processes.

PMID- 1087843
TI  - [The proof of two distinct types of collagen in the fibrils of the vitreous body
      and zonula fibers (author's transl)].
AB  - Vitreous body fibrils and zonula fibers are analyzed by disc-electrophoresis. In
      both tissues the presence of collagen is established. The disc-electrophoresis
      patterns of vitreous body fibrils and zonula fibers show that a different type of
      collagen is present in each tissue. The absence of the alpha 2-chain indicates
      that the tissues investigated contain no type I collagen but types consisting of
      three identical alpha-chains.

PMID- 1087844
TI  - [Formulation of a proposal to classify acute pancreatitis according to the
      effects of a precise comparative evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of
      different drugs].

PMID- 1087845
TI  - Regulation of the immune response. I. Suppression of delayed-type
      hypersensitivity by T cells from mice expressing humoral immunity.
AB  - The ability of horse red blood cell (HRBC)-specific T cells from mice expressing
      humoral immunity to suppress the induction of HRBC-specific delayed-type
      hypersensitivity (DTH) was investigated. The transfer of Ig-negative spleen
      cells, from mice injected 4 days previously with HRBC, completely suppressed the
      development of DTH in mice treated with cyclophosphamide and sensitized with
      HRBC. The suppressor cell was found to be lysed by treatment with anti-theta
      serum and complement. Furthermore, hemocyanin-specific immune T cells were able
      to suppress the DTH induced to HRBC, provided these two antigens were coupled
      together. These studies suggest that T cells present under conditions were
      humoral immunity is induced can suppress DTH and that such cells play an
      important role in the regulation of the immune response.

PMID- 1087846
TI  - The xenogeneic effect-- evidence for coparticipation of human monocytes and T
      lymphocytes in the restoration of nude mouse in vitro response to sheep red blood
      cells.
AB  - The restorative ability of human peripheral blood lymphocyte fractions on nude
      mouse spleen cell in vitro antibody response to SRBC was studied. Strongly
      adherent cells (monocytes) enhanced nude cell response, but not to the same
      extent as the optimal number (10(6)) of unfractionated human peripheral blood
      lymphocytes. T-depleted cells lost their ability to optimally restore the
      response, while T-enriched cells showed a definite restorative ability. The
      recombination of adherent cells with T-enriched cells produced an effect
      comparable to that of unfractionated cells, both in terms of magnitude and dose
      response curve. These data suggest that both monocytes and T cells are necessary
      for an optimal xenogeneic effect in Mishell-Dutton cultures.

PMID- 1087847
TI  - Development of sheep thymus in relation to in utero thymectomy experiments.
AB  - The developing thymus of sheep embryos has been examined from 20 days of
      gestation onwards. The initial relationships of the thymus to the parathyroid III
      and the pericardium are maintained so that the thymus develops as an extensive
      and complex structure consisting of paired cords of tissues on either side of the
      neck continuous with a single, fused structure in the anterior mediastinum.
      Histological examination of the developing thymus revealed that thymic
      lymphopoiesis commences at 36 days of gestation (term = 150 days). The results
      indicate that conclusions drawn from sheep thymectomy, usually performed after 60
      days of gestation, must be interpreted with caution.

PMID- 1087848
TI  - [Cellular immunity in psoriasis].

PMID- 1087849
TI  - [T-lymphocyte deficiency in psoriasis].

PMID- 1087850
TI  - [Theoretical models of chromatid exchange established after endoreplication
      analysi].
AB  - In endoreduplicating cells, two thirds of the chromatid exchanges observed after
      BrdU treatment are symetrical, like on the two elements of the diplochromosome.
      The other third seems to occur at random on one or the other element. Each double
      symetrical exchange would result from a single event occurring at the next to
      last cell cycle before the mitosis observed. The other exchanges would result
      from last events of the cycle. Thus the frequency of events would be the same at
      each cell generation. A theoretical model is proposed which explains the
      mechanism responsible for chromatid exchanges at the DNA level.

PMID- 1087851
TI  - [Insemination and consanguinity].

PMID- 1087852
TI  - [Identification by Q and G bands of chromosome anomalies in spontaneous
      abortion].
AB  - Banding technique were applied to cell lines which had been established earlier
      from spontaneous human abortions and preserved frozen. Most of the autosomes were
      shown to be involved in lethal trisomies. As a result of the precise
      identification of affected chromosomes, the exact time of developmental arrest as
      well as certain phenotypes could be correlated with the various trisomies.

PMID- 1087853
TI  - Duplication-deficiency of the short arm of chromosome 8 following artificial
      insemination.
AB  - A chromosomally abnormal child with psychomotor retardation and multiple
      anomalies, including agenesis of the corpus callosum and cleft palate, was born
      following artificial insemination by donor. Chromosomal and conventional markers
      were used to ascertain paternity. Various banding techniques were employed to
      identify the origin of the extra chromosomal material as most likely a
      duplication-deficiency of the short arm of chromosome No. 8.

PMID- 1087854
TI  - Transformation of mouse cells by fusion with chronic granulocytic leukemia cells:
      possible role of human chromosome.
AB  - In vitro properties of somatic cell hybrids between non-malignant B82 mouse
      fibroblasts and human chronic granulocytic leukemia spleen cells include lack of
      cell density-dependent growth inhibition and growth in soft agar. These
      phenotypic expressions of cell transformation appear linked to the retention by
      the cells of chromosome 7 from the human leukemic genome.

PMID- 1087855
TI  - Mapping of the gene for glutathione reductase on chromosome 8.
AB  - Red cell glutathione reductase (E-GSR) activity in 3 patients with
      mos46,XY/47,XY,+8 was higher than the mean value in controls, confirming the
      previous assignment of the E-GSR locus to chromosome 8. In a infant with a
      terminal deletion of the short arm of chromosome 8, 46,XX,del(8)(:p21 leads to
      qter), E-GSR activity was markedly lower than in infant controls. The authors
      suggest that the E-GSR locus is in the region 8p21 leads to pter.

PMID- 1087856
TI  - Balanced translocations involving chromosome 12: report of a case and possible
      evidence for position effect.
AB  - A girl with mental retardation, a convulsive disorder and clinical findings
      resembling cerebral palsy had an apparently balanced 12/18 translocation. Three
      additional cases reported in the literature had an abnormal phenotype associated
      with the positioning of segments from other autosomes adjacent to the band 12q21.
      Penotype abnormalities were not present in 14 individuals in which the
      translocation involved breaks at other sites on chromosome no. 12. These findings
      suggest the possibility of a position effect on chromosome segments translocated
      adjacent to the region 12q21.

PMID- 1087857
TI  - 12P trisomy: a syndrome?
AB  - A 2 2/3-year-old girl with 12p trisomy resulting from a maternal translocation is
      presented. Her clinical symptoms are strikingly similar to the other four cases
      known in the literature. A characteristic combination of symptoms for a 12p
      trisomy syndrome is delineated.

PMID- 1087859
TI  - Erwinia salicis: its metabolism and variability in vitro, and a method to
      demonstrate the pathogen in the host.
AB  - Morphological, biochemical and serological features of eleven Erwinia salicis
      isolates were examined. Three groups were demonstrated, one of which comprises
      the Dutch isolates. Serological techniques proved to be a valuable addition to
      conventional plating techniques for detecting the pathogen. Willow wood extract
      with 5% sucrose, 0.06% "Lab Lemco" broth and 1.5% agar appeared to be a suitable
      medium for the isolation of E. salicis, because of its selectivity.

PMID- 1087858
TI  - Chemically defined media for growing anaerobic bacteria of the genus Veillonella.
AB  - A chemically defined medium for Veillonella parvula and V. alcalescens is
      described. Some nutritional aspects of the two strains used were examined: the
      optimum concentration of reducing agents, the requirements for amino acids,
      diamines, vitamins and other growth factors, and the conditions needed for well
      balanced nutrition. No specific requirements for single amino acids were
      observed. A combination of L-cysteine, DL-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L
      serine and L-tyrosine, promoted growth. In V. alcalescens, serine could
      substitute both arginine and tryptophan (or histidine). No growth was obtained
      with ammonium salts as the sole N source. Decarboxylation of L-ornithine, L
      lysine and L-arginine was not demonstrated in the Veillonella parvula strain,
      which required putrescine or cadaverine for growth. Spermine, spermidine, L
      lysine, L-ornithine and L-arginine, could not substitute putrescine in
      Veillonella parvula. Veillonella alcalescens, which does not require putrescine
      in the medium, was able to decarboxylate L-ornithine while forming putrescine.

PMID- 1087860
TI  - Energy metabolism of some representatives of the Haemophilus group.
AB  - The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the carbohydrate catabolism
      and the constellation of the respiratory chain components of Haemophilus
      influenzae RAMC 18 Bensted, H. parainfluenzae 1 Fleming, H. parainfluenzae 429
      Pittman and H. aegyptius 180a Pittman. These strains represent several
      physiological types with respect to respiratory quinones and glucose catabolism.
      On addition of glucose or lactate to the complex growth medium a remarkable
      increase in cell mass was observed. Depending on the growth rate, carbohydrate
      degradation varied with the strains examined so that at the end of the
      exponential growth phase only small amounts of the supplements could be
      demonstrated. All strains were found to possess functional enzymes of Embden
      Meyerhof-Parnas-, Entner-Doudoroff-pathways, hexosemonophosphate shunt,
      tricarboxylic acid cycle and gluconeogenesis with an extremely high activity of
      malate dehydrogenase. The concentration of cytochromes varied according to
      culture conditions. The cytochromes a1, d, o and b + c were found to occur under
      aerobic conditions. In cells grown anaerobically in the presence of fumarate
      cytochromes a1 and d could not be demonstrated. Under aerobic conditions
      preparations of H. parainfluenzae 1 Fleming exhibited an alpha-maximum at 558 nm,
      whereas under anaerobic culture conditions with fumarate as terminal electron
      acceptor an alpha-maximum at 552 nm occurred, suggesting different roles of b and
      c type cytochromes in aerobic and anaerobic electron transport to fumarate,
      respectively.

PMID- 1087861
TI  - Ultrastructure of the ascospores of some species of the Torulaspora group.
AB  - Development and germination of the ascospores in species of the Torulaspora group
      of yeasts have been described. Most species had warty spores which, in sections,
      showed a dark outer layer consisting of the outer unit membrane of the prospore
      wall and a layer underneath formed at an early stage of development of the
      spores. In mature spores the light inner layer of the wall was delimited at the
      outside by a thin dark layer. The warts often contained dark material. The
      ascospores of two Pichia and three Debaryomyces species were studied for
      comparison; they differed in sections from the Torulaspora spores. The taxonomic
      implications of the ultrastructural observations have been discussed.

PMID- 1087862
TI  - Energetic aspects of the metabolism of reduced sulphur compounds in Thiobacillus
      dentrificans.
AB  - Yields of Thiobacillus dentrificans on different substrates were compared. The
      organism was grown in a chemostat at a dilution rate of 0.03 h-1. From the
      difference in the cell yields with (1) oxygen (6.40 g carbon per mole
      thiosulphate) and (2) nitrate (4.51 g carbon per mole thiosulphate) as an
      electron acceptor the experimental value for Y ATP was estimated to be 1.75. The
      efficiency of the biosynthetic system would be 42% if 1 ATP should be needed in
      reversed electron transport, and 57% if this was 2 ATP per electron pair. It
      could be calculated that during anaerobic oxidation of thiosulphate with nitrate
      1.41 or 1.16 ATP per 2 electrons are generated if 1 or 2 ATP respectively per
      thiosulphate is formed in substrate-level phosphorylation. For aerobic oxidation
      these figures are 2.40 and 2.16, respectively.

PMID- 1087864
TI  - Homothallism in wine yeasts.
AB  - In an attempt to improve by hybridisation strains of pure-culture wine yeasts it
      could be shown, that of the seven strains used five are homothallic. Evidence is
      presented suggesting that the remainder are also homothallic.

PMID- 1087863
TI  - Hereditary respiration deficiency in Saccharomycodes ludwigii.
AB  - Saccharomycodes ludwigii, supposed to be "petite-negative," gave rise to
      respiration-deficient mutants when acriflavine and ultraviolet irradiation,
      respectively, were applied to this yeast, strain IFO 1194. The frequency of such
      mutants was very low as compared with that in Saccharomyces cervisiae and other
      "petite-positive" yeasts. Cytochrome composition was characterized by
      spectrophotometry at the temperature of liquid nitrogen. The respiratory mutants
      examined contained cytochrome c unaltered in quality and quantity. Cytochrome b
      was often present only in small amounts though never absent, while cytochrome a +
      a3 was either present or absent. The respiratory mutants could form zygotes after
      conjugation with a wild-type culture of opposite mating type (alpha vs. a). The
      hybridization and segregation analysis of spore tetrads showed the inheritance of
      respiratory mutant character to be either Mendelian or non-Mendelian and similar
      to that of pet (nuclear) and rho- (cytoplasmic) mutants, respectively, in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 1087865
TI  - Comparison between the yeast flora of Middle Eastern and Western European soft
      drinks.
AB  - Samples of a carbonated orange drink, raw materials, and intermediate products
      originating from 6 Iraqi bottling plants were examined. 69 drinks, 4 flavoured
      syrups and 19 simple syrups contained yeasts, whereas all samples from one plant
      and all samples of beverage base were free from viable yeasts. From the orange
      drink 2 species were isolated viz. Saccharomyces montanus and Torulopsis
      stellata. The following species were present in simple syrup: Hansenula anomala,
      Sacch. bisporus var. mellis, T. candida and T. stellata. Sacch. bisporus var.
      mellis was also isolated from favoured syrup. Representative strains were
      submitted to routine growth tests at reduced oxygen tension, at reduced water
      activity and on solid soft-drink media containing various amounts of anti
      microbially active benzoic acid at pH 3.0. The results are discussed and compared
      to those obtained in European soft drinks.

PMID- 1087866
TI  - Taxonomical examination and characterization of a methanol-utilizing yeast.
AB  - The morphological, cultural, and physiological characteristics are described of a
      yeast, LI70, which uses methanol as its source of energy and carbon; these
      characteristics have made it possible to identify the strain as Candida boidinii
      Ramirez. The identification was confirmed by a DNA-DNA genetic homology of 99.43%
      with the type strain of C. boidinii. Strain LI70 is not pathogenic.

PMID- 1087867
TI  - Rickets associated with anticonvulsant therapy in children with tuberous
      sclerosis.
AB  - Five children with tuberous sclerosis and anti-convulsant-associated rickets have
      been seen in a general paediatric clinic over the last 5 years. It is suggested
      that vitamin D prophylaxis is particularly indicated in patients with tuberous
      sclerosis taking anticonvulsant medication.

PMID- 1087868
TI  - [Microbiological drawings in pneumology (author's transl)].
AB  - Microbiological examinations of the sputum for clinical purposes is often not
      satisfactory or useless. Suitability, chances of oropharyngeal contamination,
      hazards for the patients and clinical indications of the various drawing methods
      for tracheobronchial secretions and exudates are different. Transcutaneous
      tracheal aspiration is easy, reliable and safe.

PMID- 1087869
TI  - [Parasites of the respiratory system: research and significance (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A review is made of the methods of diagnosing both autochthonous and exotic
      protozoal and helminthic diseases of the respiratory system. Referring to
      protozooses, recent findings on respiratory pathology due to amoebae of the genus
      Acanthamoeba are commented, and modern methods are discussed of checking for
      Pneumocystis carinii in the patient, not just on autopsy material. Referring to
      helminthiases, in addition to pulmonary echinococcosis which is of prevalent
      interest in Italy, attention is also given to the pathology of migrant larvae of
      nematodes. Finally, the role of some microscopic mites in the pathogenesis of
      respiratory allergic disease from house dust is discussed.

PMID- 1087870
TI  - [Introduction to a study of the hydrosoluble proteins of the sputum (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Synthesis of a study of the proteins outline of the bronchial secretion with the
      qualitative and quantitative determination of six protein fractions (albumin,
      Alfa-antitrypsin, acid Alfa-glycoprotein, haptoglobin, transferrin); comparation
      of the concentration of these fractions of the expectoration with those of the
      serum of the patient himself.

PMID- 1087871
TI  - [Therapeutic applications of esophageal, gastric and duodenal endoscopy].

PMID- 1087872
TI  - Effect of cordycepin on the replication of western equine encephalitis virus.
AB  - Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) inhibited viral RNA synthesis in the replication
      of western equine encephalitis virus, thereby causing a reduction of virus
      production. The rate of inhibition of viral RNA synthesis was dependent on drug
      concentration and the period of treatment with the drug. These results suggest
      that the virus RNA synthesizing system is sensitive to the drug.

PMID- 1087873
TI  - [T- and B-lymphocytes. Distribution in the body, their functional and
      morphological characteristics and significance].
AB  - In a survey of the literature special attention is given to the history of
      development of concepts concerning the existence in the immunocompetent system of
      the lymphoid tissue of higher vertebrals and man of two independent to some
      extent populations of lymphocytes: one dependent on the thymus gland and
      therefore called T-lymphocytes population, implementing cellular reactions of
      immunity; and the other, similar one, dependent on Fabricius' bursa in birds and
      called B-lymphocytes, producing antibodies circulaing in the blood. Functional
      morphological characteristics of T-and B-lymphocytes, their distribution in the
      peripheral organs of the lymphoid system and in the blood are given. The role of
      T-and B-lymphocytes in rejection of allotransplants and in the reaction of a
      transplant against the host development of reactions of hypersensitivity of the
      delayed and immediate types is discussed. The need for a further study of
      participation of T-and B-lymphocytes in pathogenesis of allergic, autoimmune and
      numerous other diseases that are accompanied by immune disorders, is emphasized.

PMID- 1087874
TI  - [Critical study of rheumatic activity tests in normal puerperium].

PMID- 1087875
TI  - Coronary artery-left ventricular microshunts. II. Technique for its evaluation.

PMID- 1087876
TI  - Plasma membrane of a murine T cell lymphoma: surface labelling, membrane
      isolation, separation of membrane proteins and distribution of surface label
      amongst these proteins.
AB  - Two established techniques for analysis of plasma membranes, namely,
      lactoperoxidase catalyzed surface radioiodination of intact cells and bulk
      membrane isolation following disruption of cells by shear forces, were applied in
      studies of membrane proteins of continuously cultured cells of the monoclonal T
      lymphoma line WEHI-22. It was found that macromolecular 125I-iodide incorporated
      into plasma membrane proteins of intact cells was at least as good a marker for
      the plasma as was the commonly used enzyme 5'-nucleotidase. T lymphoma plasma
      membrane proteins were complex when analysed by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulphate-containing buffers and more than thirty
      distinct components were resolved. More than fifteen of the components observed
      on a mass basis were also labelled with 125I-iodide. Certain bands, however,
      exhibited a degree of label disproportionate to their staining properties with
      Coomassie Blue. This was interpreted in terms of their accessibility to the
      solvent in the intact cells.

PMID- 1087877
TI  - Pulmonary elastic recoil and diffusing capacity in subjects with intermediate
      concentrations of alpha-1 antitrypsin.
AB  - Serum from 224 males investigated in a prospective study of respiratory disorders
      in a recently established asbestos industry has been estimated for alpha-1
      antitrypsin (AAT) concentration by single radial immunodiffusion. Mean AAT
      concentration was 213-4 mg/dl). No subject with a markedly reduced level was
      found. A comprehensive range of lung function tests sensitive to changes
      anticipated in emphysema at a preclinical stage, included measurements of
      diffusing capacity and pulmonary elastic recoil. The 26 subjects with AAT
      concentration less than 150 mg/dl, were regarded as likely to comprise a majority
      of genotypes MZ and SS, and the 19 subjects with AAT concentration greater than
      300 mg/dl were considered to comprise mainly MM. No difference in pulmonary
      function could be demonstrated between these two groups. Evidence of diminished
      pulmonary elastic recoil was found in nine smoking subjects whose AAT
      concentrations were normal and also in one young non-smoking subject with
      moderately severe asthma, whose AAT concentration was 140 mg/dl. It is concluded
      that in a male working population, evidence of diminished pulmonary elastic
      recoil is not a function of AAT concentration.

PMID- 1087878
TI  - Gastric ulcer: natural history and treatment.
AB  - The fragmentary knowledge of gastric ulcer aetiology is contrasted with the
      developing repertoire of short term drug treatments. Reasons are also advanced
      for believing that gastric ulcer may be a disease of diminishing importance and
      that this is due to environmental changes rather than to the introduction of
      effective treatments.

PMID- 1087879
TI  - Gastric damage by drugs and the role of the mucosal barrier.
AB  - There are six drugs usually implicated in peptic ulceration and these are adrenal
      corticosteroids, aspirin, phenylbutazone, indomethacin, ethanol and caffeine. 
      The types of data upon which these conclusions rest follows three lines of
      evidence.  First, the production of ulcers in experimental animals; all the drugs
      mentioned above can produce experimental ulcers.  Second, the cause and effect
      relationship in man, i.e. epidemiological evidence; the epidemiological evidence
      is very weak except for aspirin.  Third, a mechanism suspected of participating
      in the pathogenesis; the pathogenesis of drug ulceration is not fully understood
      but aspirin may be the only one with a body of data to support its ulcerogenic
      effect.  The pathogenesis of peptic ulcer is usually considered in terms of the
      equation, acid-pepsin versus mucosal resistance.  Caffeine is a moderately strong
      stimulus of acid secretion but corticosteroids, phenylbutazone, ethanol and
      indomethacin are very weak stimulants or have no effect.  Aspirin decreases acid
      secretion...

PMID- 1087880
TI  - Are all aspirins alike?

PMID- 1087881
TI  - Choice between rewarding brain stimuli of differing length.

PMID- 1087882
TI  - [Functional electrostimulation as a modern rehabilitation method].

PMID- 1087884
TI  - Complement receptors (C3b, C4b/C3d) unbalance on CLL lymphocytes.
AB  - A study of lymphocytes bearing C3b, C4b and C3d complement receptor (CRL) was
      performed on human peripheral blood from 16 healthy donors and 12 patients
      affected with Chronic Lymphatic Leukemia (CLL). In the latter group a clear rise
      of C3dCRL was demonstrated, when compared with immunoadherence receptors bearing
      lymphocytes. However, when compared with controls, also these latter were
      slightly augmented. Furthermore in CLL under treatment CRL populations showed the
      same profile as CLL: so it was suggested that the treatment reduced not
      selectively all the three types of CRL, within the population of sIg bearing
      lymphocytes. Here we discuss the hypothesis that, in CLL, the proliferating
      lymphocytes population is chiefly sIg+, C3d+/C3b-, C4b-, but also sIg+,
      C3d+/C3b+, C4b+.

PMID- 1087883
TI  - Effects of an antitumor multipeptide complex on immunocompetent and antigen
      responsive cells.
AB  - The investigations, performed to study the possible mechanism of action of PTC,
      of its single constituents and of meta-levo-sarcolysin (m-L-SL) on the human
      immunocompetent system, are reported. The study entailed the evaluation of the
      effect of PTC, of its peptides and of m-L-SL on the various lymphocyte classes,
      employing all the more sophisticated immunological techniques such as: a)
      lymphocyte cultures stimulated with the various mitogens, (T and B lymphocytes);
      b) E rosettes (T lymphocytes); c) EA rosettes (lymphocytes with Fc receptors for
      IgG); d) EAC rosettes (lymphocytes with the C3 receptors); e) autoradiography and
      intracytoplasmic immunofluorescence (in vitro immunoglobulin neosynthesis); f)
      CdL (Complement-dependent Lymphocytotoxicity); g) LALI (Lymphocyte Antibody
      Lymphocytolytic Interaction); h) CML (antibody independent cytotoxicity i.e. Cell
      Mediated Lympholysis). The evidence points out that the PTC effect on T and B
      lymphocytes is not comparable to that of m-L-SL which does not discriminate
      between the two lymphocyte populations while PTC, besides showing a scarce
      immunodepressive effect, preferentially affects B lymphocytes rather than T
      lymphocytes as shown also by the E rosette pattern. Significantly different
      appears also the influence of PTC, as compared with that of m-L-SL on the
      lymphocytes with Fc receptors for IgG (EA rosettes) and with receptors for the
      third component of complement (EAC rosettes) as well as on the cytotoxicity test
      and on the antibody dependent (LALI) and complement dependent (CdL) lytic effect.
      The data gleaned from this investigation allow evaluating both the effects of PTC
      on the immunocompetent system and the difference of its action from that of m-L
      SL.

PMID- 1087885
TI  - [Comparison between anti-lymphocyte antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus
      and in Hodgkin's disease].
AB  - Anti-lymphocyte antibodies of cold-reactive IgM-type in Systemic Lupus
      Erythematosus (SLE) and IgG-type in Hodgkin's disease (HD) by means of
      immunofluorescent technique have been demonstrated. The contemporaneous
      attachment of SLE and HD sera on selected peripheral lymphocytes demonstrate that
      the target cell is T-lymphocyte and that the two kinds of antibodies coat the
      same cell. Co-capping experiments have shown that the phenomenon has the same
      behaviour as regard to SLE and HD antibody, indicating that the antigen is the
      same. Hypothesis about the meaning of these antibodyies have been made.

PMID- 1087886
TI  - Increase of the alpha1-antitrypsin in lung cancers.

PMID- 1087887
TI  - [Hematopoietic stem cells and antiblastic drugs. II. Variations in the colony
      forming cells in vivo after administration of peptichemio].
AB  - Peptichemio, administered in a single LD50, dose, induces a significant reduction
      of mice bone marrow and spleen CFUs. The lesive action appears to be similar to
      that observed after a single dose of various antineoplastic agents. The effects
      of increasing doses of Peptichemio are also reported.

PMID- 1087888
TI  - Enrichment of B lymphocytes from human peripheral blood by sedimentation of E
      rosette stabilized with dextran.
AB  - A simple method for the enrichment of B lymphocytes population from human
      peripheral blood by isolated of lymphocytes responsible for E rosette in presence
      of dextran is presented. Qualitative and quantitative results regarding the
      yield, the viability and the purity of the enriched population are discussed.

PMID- 1087889
TI  - Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subpopulations in newborns.
AB  - Monocyte-depleted lymphocyte suspensions from the peripheral blood of 36 healthy
      newborns and 23 adults were compared as to percent of cells forming rosettes with
      sheep erythrocytes (T lymphocytes) and proliferative responses after in vitro
      culture with various doses of Phytohemagglutinin, Concanavalin A and Pokeweed
      mitogen. No significant difference was found between the proportions of T
      lymphocytes of newborns and adults. Mitogen responsiveness of the newborn
      lymphocytes showed dramatic between-subject variability completely unrelated to
      the proportion of T lymphocytes. It is suggested that during neonatal life there
      is massive variable recirculation of T lymphocytes subsets (and/or stages of
      maturation) characterized by differential degrees of responsiveness to the
      mitogens tested.

PMID- 1087890
TI  - [Effect of L-DOPA on repair of neurogenic dystrophic damage to the gastric mucosa
      of rats].
AB  - Neurogenic dystrophy of the gastric mucosa was induced by a 3-hour immobilization
      and electrostimulation. By the end of the stimulation there developed in the
      gastric mucosa hemorrhagic erosions which persisted for two days after the
      stimulation. According to the data of macro- and microscopic studies injections
      of 1-DOPA to rats in a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight for a period of two days
      after the cessation of stimulation accelerated the healing of hemorrhagic
      erosions of the gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1087891
TI  - Action of isoprenaline on the mechanical properties of lungs and airways in
      healthy people and patients with obstructive lung diseases.
AB  - Lung volumes, maximal expiratory flows, pulmonary resistance and static recoil
      pressure-volume curves were measured before and after inhalation of isoprenaline
      in four groups of subjects: heqlthy patients with mild and severe chronic
      bronchitis and asthmatics. The observed changes were qualitatively similar in the
      four groups. Whereas total lung capacity and dynamic compliance were not
      influenced, there was an increase in vital capacity (not in healthy subjects and
      mild bronchitics), in FEV1, in maximal expiratory flows and a decrease in
      pulmonary resistance. The static recoil pressure-volume relationship was shifted
      to the left over its ascending part. The effect of isoprenaline tended to be
      larger in patients. Among the latter, the increase of vital capacity was
      especially pronounced  in the severe bronchitics, whereas the maximal flows
      increased most in asthmatics. We suggest that the influence of isoprenaline on
      maximal flows results from a bronchodilation, associated with an increased
      collapsibility of the central intrathoracic airways, whereas the influence of VC
      might reflect a delayed onset of small airway closure.

PMID- 1087892
TI  - Effects of neuro-electric therapy (N.E.T.) in drug addiction: interim report.

PMID- 1087893
TI  - [New methods of producing the Babinski reflex. Electromyography study].

PMID- 1087894
TI  - [Pulmonary biopsy in the diagnosis of seasonable lung infections].

PMID- 1087895
TI  - The vascular and bed capacity in the kidneys, spleen and liver of the edible frog
      (Rana esculenta L.).

PMID- 1087896
TI  - The medical student therapist. Treatment outcome.

PMID- 1087897
TI  - Isolation of new C26 bile alcohols from bullfrog bile.

PMID- 1087898
TI  - The renal handling of biologically active peptides.
AB  - With the use of the protease inhibitor from bovine organs--Trasylol-- as a model,
      we studied the pinocytic transport of peptides in the kidney. Rats were injected
      with the 125I-labeled peptide and killed at different times thereafter. Kidney
      homogenates were subfractionated by differential and sucrose gradient
      centrifugation. Radioactivity was measured in the fractions in order to study the
      time-dependent fixation of the peptide to different cell organelles. With short
      survival periods, the protease inhibitor is recovered in the brush-border
      fraction, with longer periods, a shift towards the lysosome fraction takes place.
      Thus, the renal transport of the protease inhibitor consists of three steps:
      binding to the brush border, incorporation in micropinocytic vesicles and
      transport in phagolysosomes.

PMID- 1087899
TI  - A practical approach to coronary artery disease, with special reference to
      coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1087900
TI  - The radiologic evaluation of patients with coronary bypass.

PMID- 1087901
TI  - Sunscreen dermatitis due to glyceryl PABA: significance of cross-reactions to
      this PABA Ester.
AB  - Glyceryl PABA (Escalol 106), present in many popular sunscreens, is a common
      sensitizer which invariably cross-reacts with benzocaine; it is present in over
      400 over-the-counter products. Glyceryl PABA does not appear to cross-react with
      the sunscreening agents amyl (Escalol 506) and octyl (Escalol 507) dimethyl PABA.
      Glyceryl PABA, may, on occasion, cross-react with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA),
      paraphenylenediamine, aniline, and sulfa drugs. Ironically, the sunscreening
      agent glyceryl PABA may, itself, act as a photosensitizing agent.

PMID- 1087902
TI  - Lentiginosis profusa. III: Aesthetic and sanguineous aspects.
AB  - Lentiginosis profusa syndrome and progressive cardiomyopathic lentiginosis are
      preferable terms to "leopard syndrome". Considerable cosmetic improvement
      followed facial dermabrasion and light electrodesiccation of lentigines on the
      exposed surfaces. Hematologic evaluation did not reveal hematopoietic defect in
      the patient studied.

PMID- 1087903
TI  - The immunology of atopic dermatitis, 1976.

PMID- 1087904
TI  - Age, immunity and the skin.
AB  - With advancing age there is a decrease in T-lymphocyte functions leading to
      defective cell-mediated immune responses and decreased levels of immunoglobulin
      G, which is produced by B cells under the influence of certain T lymphocytes.
      Decreased resistance to viruses as a result of the depression of T-cell function
      may lead to some clinical viral infections which trigger autoimmune diseases. The
      diminished T cell's immune response and its inability to eliminate ultraviolet
      light-damaged epidermal cells may be in part responsible for the increased
      incidence of skin malignancies in elderly patients.

PMID- 1087905
TI  - Quantitative scintigraphic display of myocardial blood flow. Technique and
      clinical evaluation.
AB  - Immediately after coronarography 10 mCi 133Xenon were injected into the left or
      right coronary artery. A scintillation camera was placed above the thorax of the
      patient. A computer unit (KRUPP EPR 2500) with magnetic tapes and discs is
      available for data processing and data storage. Sequential images of the heart
      are taken over a period of 2 min in a two-second-frame mode and stored on
      magnetic tape. The total image was divided into 5 - 5 mm areas. From each area a
      functional curve was registered and the Myocardial Blood Flow (ml/min/100 g
      myocard) could be calculated from that. For a precise evaluation of the image of
      the Myocardial Blood Flow, any influences originating from other regions of the
      body had to be excluded. Therefore all curves are rejected which did not (a)
      reach their maximum value within 15s after injection, or (b) where the maximum
      was less than 10% of the highest maximum value of the reference curve. The values
      of the Myocardial Blood Flow calculated in this manner are displayed on a TV
      screen. These values can be transformed into 10 colors or grey levels. This
      method has been proven to be useful in clinical practice for functional studies,
      especially for the judgement of the effectivity of pharmaceuticals. The
      quantitative display technique of the "Myocardial Blood Flow" improves the
      clinical statement in comparison to a scintigraphic picture.

PMID- 1087906
TI  - Structure-activity relationship of some steroidal compounds in ocular
      inflammation.
AB  - The structure-activity relationship of some topically applied 21-desoxy
      substituted steroids as anti-inflammatory agents was investigated; the anti
      inflammatory activity remained unaltered or increased on introducing a methyl
      group in position 6alpha and a hydroxyl group in position 11beta, even after
      eliminating the hydroxyl group in position 21. The activity of the molecule was
      further increased by the introduction of a hydroxyl group in position 17alpha and
      a fluorine atom in position 9alpha.

PMID- 1087907
TI  - [Effect of centrifugal force on nystagmus during angular accelerations].

PMID- 1087908
TI  - [Influence of atropine on the chronotropic effects of stimulating the
      parasympathetic innervation of the heart].
AB  - Changes of the positive chronotropic effect in the frog atrium during stimulation
      of the extracardiac pathways or of the central end of intracardiac innervation
      after application of atropin (10(-4)--10(-5) on the sinus node, were studied. The
      positive chronotropic effects were abolished by the atropin application. The
      postganglionic impulse activity of the intracardiac nervous pathways did not
      change. Atropin had no influence on the sympathetic acceleration of the heart
      rate due to stimulation of sympathetic pathways. Positive chronotropic effects
      induced by stimulation of the parasympathetic extra or intracardiac pathways, are
      of cholinergic nature.

PMID- 1087909
TI  - [Effect of ATP on the sensitivity of the from heart to adrenaline].
AB  - Adenosinthreephosphoric acid (ATP) in concentration 1-10(-6)--1-10(-5) g/ml
      decreases sensitivity of the frog heart muscle to adrenaline by half. It is
      suggested that ATP present in the specific granules of adrenals, c. n. s. and
      adrenergic axons together with catecholamines and excreted with the mediator
      during excitation of adrenergic nerve, alters the sensitivity of postsynaptic
      membrane to adrenaline.

PMID- 1087910
TI  - Ultrastructure of macrophage-lymphocyte interaction in purpura pigmentosa
      progressiva.
AB  - Thin sections of pathologically changed skin lesions of patients suffering from
      purpura pigmentosa progressiva, a disorder which seems to be mediated by delayed
      type of allergy, were electron microscopically investigated. In 5 of the 7 cases
      we found cell infiltrates of the dermis consisting of many lymphocytes frequently
      in apposition to macrophages (histiocytes). The cell interactions observed
      occurred either by microvilli-like cytoplasmic protuberances or by local areas of
      the plasma membrane apposition. No submicroscopical alterations of the cytoplasm
      were found in the interacting cells although numerous macrophages show abundant
      microfilaments. The findings observed are interpreted as the ultrastructural
      substrate of cell cooperation for presenting and transfering antigens from
      macrophages to T lymphocytes. However, the question concerning the mechanism of
      the transfer remains open.

PMID- 1087911
TI  - [Antinuclear and antimitochondrial antibodies in persons exposed to beryllium].

PMID- 1087912
TI  - Inhibition of human platelet aggregation by the proteolytic effect of
      streptokinase. Role of the human factor-VIII-related protein.
AB  - Defective ADP-induced aggregation was observed in in vitro streptokinases(SK)
      treated normal platelet-rich plasma. Classic haemophilia and normal platelet poor
      plasma (PPP) treated with SK inhibit the aggregation of washed platelets; plasmin
      treated normal human serum also shows an inhibitory effect on platelet
      aggregation. However, SK-treated von Willebrand plasmas do not inhibit the
      aggregation of washed platelets. This confirms the fact that the anti-aggregating
      effect is mainly linked to the digested factor VIII) but not to the digested
      fibrinogen. Defective ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation has also been
      observed in SK-treated plasmas. The presence of normal PPP does not modify the
      inhibition of the ADP-induced aggregation of washed platelets in SK-treated PPP.
      However, it does correct the ristocetin-induced aggregation. These results
      suggest that the inhibition of the ADP-induced aggregation is caused by the
      factor VIII degradation products, while the inhibition of the ristocetin-induced
      aggregation appears because of a defective von Willebrand activity of the factor
      VIII molecule.

PMID- 1087913
TI  - Measurement of 5-hydroxyindole compounds during L-5-HTP treatment in depressed
      patients.
AB  - L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP), an immediate serotonin precursor, was given to
      the hospitalized depressed patients in an open clinical trial of the Phase 2
      study for antidepressive effects of the agent. A relatively small dose, 150mg
      orally for seven days, was employed, and seven of 14 patients responded to the
      treatment with mild or moderate emelioration of their depressive symptoms.
      Urinary excretion levels and plasma concentrations of three 5-hydroxyindole
      compounds, 5-HTP, 5-HT and 5-HIAA, were measured during the drug treatment.
      Approximately 70% of the orally administered dose of L-5-HTP was recovered from
      the urine of depressed patients. Major part of urinary indoleamine metabolites
      was free and conjugate 5-HIAA. Excretion levels of these compounds in urine were
      not consistenly altered in the depressed patients as compared to those in normal
      subjects. Clinical response to L-5-HTP treatment appeared to have some
      correlation with the biochemical measures in the depressed patients, that is, non
      responders exhibited significantly lower excretion levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in
      urine, and lower plasma levels of 5-HT than responders. Administered L-5-HTP may
      not be fully utilized in the depressed patients who did not react to the agent.

PMID- 1087914
TI  - Reduction of blood platelet serotonin levels in manic and depressed patients.
AB  - Blood platelet serotonin levels were measured in unmedicated 12 manic and 74
      depressive patients with 118 normal control subjects employed. Blood platelets
      were separated by multiple contrifugation in the medium of Na2-EDTA solution, and
      the loss of serotonin during collecting procedures was about 11%. The mean value
      of blood platelet serotonin levels in depressed patients was 594+/-288ng/mg
      platelet protein (+/- S.D.), which was significantly lower than that for normal
      controls, 780 +/- 253ng/mg protein (p less than 0.001). Age does not account for
      the reduction of serotonin levels both in depressed and in normal population.
      Unipolar and involutional depressed patients exhibited to have the most
      pronounced reduced levels of serotonin of various subtypes of depression, while
      bipolar depressed patients, neurotic and chronic characterological depressed
      patients as well as patients with first-episode depression had the values which
      were comparable with those in normal controls. Manic patients did not show
      enhancement but did reduction of serotonin levels, the mean being 580+/-152ng/mg
      protein, which made a contrast with their clinical manifestations of exhilaration
      and hyperactivity. Changes in blood platelet serotonin levels were determined
      before, during and after administration of L-5-HTP with a maintenance dose of
      300mg daily in nine depressed patients. Serotonin levels in all subjects were
      lifted to normal levels during the L-5-HTP treatment, while clinical symptoms
      were not improved with the treatment. Reduction of blood platelet serotonin
      levels in depressed patients may be due to their psychobiological distinction,
      which involves abnormal biogenic amine metabolism in the brain.

PMID- 1087915
TI  - Multiple problems in the elderly.

PMID- 1087916
TI  - [Intracellular endobiosis as a basic factor in acquired immunity in man (author's
      transl)].
AB  - An attempt is made to explain the significance of intracellular endobiosis for
      the human acquisition of immunity against cyclic infections diseases. It is
      pointed out that, taking into account the temporally limited reduplication of an
      immune-potent cell clone, a species-specific induction of immunity against
      infections and other diseases is sustained for a sufficiently long period of time
      only by a microorganism which is still living.

PMID- 1087917
TI  - 5-bromodeoxyuridine-light inactivation of human lymphocytes stimulated mitogens
      and allogeneic cells: evidence for distinct T-lymphocyte subsets.
AB  - The study of human peripheral blood currently permits enumeration of circulating
      B and T lymphocytes as well as the analysis of functional responses in vitro
      following stimulation with mitogens, antigens or allogeneic cells. In the present
      experiments, subsets of these major lymphocyte populations were analyzed by
      dissecting in vitro responses using an ablative technique. After an initial
      culture period of lymphocytes with a mitogen, the proliferating cells were
      inactivated with 5-bromodeoxyuridine and light, then the capacity of the
      remaining lymphocytes to respond to the same or a different mitogenic influence
      was tested. Responsiveness to a different stimulant in the presence of no further
      response to the first stimulant was taken as evidence for a different responding
      cell population. A large subset of peripheral blood lymphocytes was responsive to
      both phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A); ablation of the cells
      responsive to one left little or no cells responsive to the other. Pokeweed
      mitogen (PWM) stimulated a portion of the PHA-Con A-responsive subset and an
      approximately equal subset unresponsive to PHA or Con A. Other evidence indicates
      that with each of these mitogens (especially with PHA and Con A in a soluble
      form), most of the proliferative response of peripheral blood B lymphocytes is
      indirectly triggered and is dependent on T cell stimulation. The population of
      PHA-Con A-responsive cells is, therefore, interpreted to represent a major T cell
      subset plus recruited cells; the PWM-responsive population would include a T cell
      subset having also PHA and Con A responsiveness, and another subset of T (or
      perhaps B) cells. The mitogen-sensitive population showed no overlap with cells
      responsive to allogeneic stimulation in mixed leukocyte culture. Ablation of the
      mitogen-responsive cells potentiated the mixed leukocyte reaction, suggesting
      that a suppressive influence was removed with the inactivation of the mitogen
      responsive cells. It appears, therefore, that distinct subsets of T lymphocytes
      differentially responsive to PHA-Con A, to PWM and to allogeneic stimulation are
      present in the human peripheral blood.

PMID- 1087918
TI  - Cellular requirements for simulation by the purified streptococcal antigen DSR.
AB  - Delayed skin reactor (DSR) was prepared from streptokinase-streptodornase.
      Peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were collected from a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient
      and subsequently subdivided into T cell-, B cell-, or monocyte-depleted
      populations. Mononuclear cells with complement receptors (B cells) were removed
      by a nylon-wool column adsorption. Sheep erythrocyte rosette forming cells (T
      cells) were removed by centrifugation on a second gradient. Populations of cells
      which did not adhere to plastic and/or ingest iron filings were monocyte
      depleted. While response to DSR as measured by incorporation of tritiated
      thymidine into DNA was not affected by removing B lymphocytes, it was
      significantly diminished by removing T lymphocytes. Monocyte-depleted cells
      incorporated less tritiated thymidine into DNA in both antigen stimulated and
      control cells, but the stimulation index was not significantly altered.

PMID- 1087919
TI  - Occurrence of suppressor cells in lymph nodes and spleen at later times after
      immunization with contact-sensitizing agent picryl chloride.
AB  - The lymph node and spleen cells of mice painted on the skin with the contact
      sensitizing agent, picryl chloride, transfer contact sensitivity. Their ability
      to transfer reaches a peak 4 days after immunization and is absent by day 6
      providing the recipient mice are challenged shortly after transfer (Chase type
      transfer). In contrast, when challenge of the recipients is delayed for 6 days
      (adoptive transfer), lymph node and spleen cells show the greatest ability to
      transfer 8-12 days after immunization. When cells taken 4 days after immunization
      (which transfer contact sensitivity) are mixed with cells taken at 6-11 days
      (which fail to transfer), the mixture shows little ability to transfer. This
      provides evidence for the occurrence of suppressor cells. Lymph node and spleen,
      and thymus cells show suppressor activity. The suppression is specific and cells
      from donors immunized with the contact-sensitizing agent oxazolone will not
      suppress passive transfer of contuse of the loss of ability of lymph node and
      spleen cells in transfer later than day 6 after immunization. Experiments on the
      loss of radioactivity from lymph nodes labelled with 125I-iododeoxyuridine (IUDR)
      suggest that loss of cells from the lymph nodes may be a contributory factor.

PMID- 1087920
TI  - T and B lymphocyte populations in human normal lymph node, regional tumour lymph
      node and inflammatory lymph node.
AB  - We have determined the T and B lymphocyte subpopulations in normal human lymph
      nodes. The lymphocyte profile was the same irrespective of the anatomical
      distribution and was similar to that found in peripheral blood with identical T
      and B cell values but with a lower Fc and a higher C3-receptor-bearing lymphocyte
      subpopulation. This pattern showed a marked change in the regional nodes of
      patients with mammary carcinoma and nodes draining a variety of other solid
      tumours, with a fall in T and pronounced elevation of B, Fc and C3 cells but with
      a persistence of C3 predominance. The lymphocyte profile found in tonsils and
      nodes draining inflammatory foci was a similar but further exaggeration of the
      tumour node pattern, with reversal of T and B cell ratios. The T and B lymphocyte
      percentages in the peripheral blood of patients with clinically localized breast
      cancer are identical to those of the healthy controls. Different Fc/C3 subsets
      exist in peripheral blood and lymphoid structures and probably represent a
      differential functional heterogeneity. Proximity of tumour to the draining node
      modified this profile.

PMID- 1087921
TI  - Characterization of K-cell activity by use of depletion experiments.
AB  - Normal human blood lymphocytes with affinity for ox red cells sensitized with IgG
      antibody, for normal or papain-treated sheep red cells and for ox red cells
      coated with mouse complement were used for rosette formation and the rosetting
      cells separated by density gradient centrifugation on Ficoll/hypaque. The non
      rosetting cells at the interface were collected and compared with cell
      suspensions before treatment for direct and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity of
      human target cells. Depletion of Fc-receptor-bearing lymphocytes strongly
      decreased antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; reduction in the number
      (or depletion) of T cells and cells with C'3 receptor had no effect, showing the
      same or enhanced K-cell activity. It is concluded that one type of K or killer
      cell has Fc receptors but lacks C'3 receptors.

PMID- 1087922
TI  - E and EAC rosette-forming cells in healthy donors and cancer patients.
AB  - The influence of age and sex on the lymphocyte count and numbers of E and EAC
      rosette-forming cells (RFC) was investigated using peripheral blood of healthy
      donors. In the female donors we found a lower total lymphocyte count and
      percentage of EAC RFC than in male donors. The percentage and total number of E
      RFC appeared to be low in younger donors. Total lymphocyte count and numbers of E
      and EAC RFC were investigated in untreated and treated patients with advanced
      solid tumors and in patients with untreated malignant lymphomas. The lymphocyte
      count in all these groups was decreased, but the E/EAC RFC ratio was normal,
      except in the group with untreated solid tumors, where we found an increased
      percentage of E RFC. It is suggested that in these patients a nonspecific
      impairment of bone marrow function might be expressed in numbers of peripheral T
      and B cells.

PMID- 1087923
TI  - Studies on immune responses to parasite antigens in mice. I. Ascaris suum larvae
      numbers and antiphosphorylcholine responses in infected mice of various strains
      and in hypothymic nu/nu mice.
AB  - In terms of day 7 lung larvae numbers, mice vary markedly in their suscepibility
      to a first infection with the nematode worms, Ascaris suum, and the highly
      susceptible strain, C57Bl, is resistant to second infection. Time course studies
      suggested that the period of residence in the liver or migration to, or into, the
      lungs are stages of the life cycle in which natural or acquired resistance of the
      host is expressed. The traits, susceptibility and resistance to first infection,
      were under polygenic control and no linkage of susceptibility to the major
      histocompatibility complex of C57Bl mice (H-2b) was observed. Acquired resistance
      (to second infection) has not been dissected because of our inability to show
      adoptive transfer of resistance to naive recipeints. Studies in hypothymic
      BALB/c. nu/nu mice indicate that natural resistance (to first infection) is not
      affected by a lack of T cells. The T cell dependence of acquired resistance in
      C57Bl mice remains in doubt although in the relatively resistant strain BALB/c,
      hypothymic nu/nu mice after second infection contain as many larvae in their
      lungs and liver as are present after first infection. An eosinophilia is observed
      in infected intact mice but not in infected T cell-deficient mice. Partially T
      cell-dependent serum antibodies and plaque-forming cells to phosphorylcholine
      (PC) were present in mice infected with A. suum but no evidence was obtained that
      this anti-PC antibody response was in any way protective for the host. The cell
      membrane-acitive properties of PC and related molecules suggest that PC
      containing parasite antigens may be tolerogens for certain of the B cells with
      specificity for parasite antigens. A state of partial tolerance involving high
      affinity antibody production may be one means whereby parasites survive in
      natural or unnatural hosts.

PMID- 1087924
TI  - Studies on immune responses to parasite antigens in mice. II. Aspects of the T
      cell dependence of circulating reagin production to Ascaris suum antigens.
AB  - Heat-labile, rat skin-fixing antibodies were detected readily in the sera of
      young female mice dosed intranasally with the body fluid of Ascaris suum (ABF)
      and the adjuvant, Bordetella pertussis vaccine (BPV). In addition, washed cell
      suspensions prepared from spleen and the lymph nodes regional to the lungs were
      positive in an adoptive cutaneous anaphylaxis assay, an assay which may detect
      activities of reagins associated with mast cells rather than reaginic antibody
      secreting cells. The intraperitoneal route was a poor means of inducing
      circulating anti-ABF reagins and an intraperitoneal injection of ABF + BPV
      delayed the appearance of circulating reagins in mice dosed at the same time with
      ABF + BPV intranasally. Hypothymic female BALB/c. nu/nu ('nude') mice failed to
      produce circulating reagins to ABF but an injection of normal thymocytes or
      cortisone-resistant thymocytes from syngeneic female mice led to higher titers of
      circulating reagins than found in normal female BALB/c. nu/+ littermates. Using
      cells from young male or female syngeneic donors and male and female BALB/c.
      nu/mu recpiients, evidence was obtained for a defect in the thymus of young male
      mice and conceivably this defect may extend to the peripheral T cell population
      in such mice. Cyclophosphamide pretreatment or adrenalectomy increased
      circulating reagin titers in normal mice dosed intranasally with ABF + BPV, and
      pretreatment with lipopolysaccharide intranasally markedly reduced titers of
      circulating anti-ABF reagins. In the discussion, emphasis is given to the
      hypothesis that potent allergens are T cell-stimulating, relatively persistent
      antigens which, when located in submucosal lymphoid sites and under conditions of
      limited antibody production as a result of limited recruitment of 'helper' T
      cells systemically, lead to the induction and sustained production of IgE by
      resident Bxi cells and their progeny.

PMID- 1087925
TI  - Studies on immune responses to parasite antigens in mice. III. Nippostrongylus
      brasiliensis infections in hypothymic nu/nu mice.
AB  - Normal mice of several strains reject the nematode worm Nippostronglyus
      brasiliensis from the intestine within 14 days (and most often within 10 days) of
      injection of high numbers of infective third stage larvae (L3). Previously
      infected mice are markedly resistant to a second infection. Hypothymic, nu/nu
      ('nude') mice continue to harbor worms long after intact mice have rejected the
      worm burden and an inoculum of T cells at the time of, or several days after L3
      injection, leads to worm elimination within 14 days in nu/nu mice. As yet no
      evidence is available to indicate whether or not T cells with specificity for
      parasite antigens are required in a reconstitutive inoculum in nu/nu mice.
      Pretreatment of normal mice with cyclophosphamide, at doses reported to lead to
      temporary B cell hypofunction, does not result in delayed rejection of worms but
      the participation of B cell products (antibodies) cannot be discounted on the
      basis of this result. The nu/nu mouse - N. brasiliensis system will be useful in
      the search for, and characterization of, parasite antigens which gain access to
      the lymphoid organs and circulation of parasitized mice and in the analysis of T
      cell subtypes (both functional and surface Thy and Ly alloantigenic subtypes)
      involved in worm elimination.

PMID- 1087926
TI  - Unusual combination of immune and endocrine deficiencies. A possible case of
      early-onset Louis-Bar syndrome.
AB  - Immunodeficiency functionally limited to the B-cell system together with mild
      hypothyroidism and severe growth hormone deficiency was found in a 6 1/2-month
      old female infant with recurrent infections and growth retardation. A lymph node
      biopsy and post mortem examination of the lymphoid organs surprisingly revealed
      severe deficiency of both thymus-dependent and bursa-equivalent systems. The
      unusual combination of immune and endocrine deficiencies posed a difficult
      diagnostic problem. The hypothesis of an early-onset Louis-Bar syndrome was
      suggested and apparently corroborated by the autopsy findings of ovarian
      dysgenesis and cerebellar degeneration. The dissociation between functional and
      morphological findings as regards the immunodeficiency, and the possible links
      between immune and endocrine derangements are discussed.

PMID- 1087927
TI  - A comparative study of histochemical mapping on the distribution of acid
      phosphatase and 5-nucleotidase in the forebrain of frog (Rana tigrina).
AB  - The four well defined dorsal, lateral, medial and intermediate olfactory tracts
      of the frog have been studied. During their courses they become intermingled with
      fibers related to the primordial septum, the primordial hippocampus, the
      primordial dorsal pallium and the primordial piriform areas. In acid phosphatase
      preparations all these tracts are completely negative, and, therefore, are not
      identifiable. However, these tracts have intense staining reaction to 5
      nucleotidase throughout their courses. Differences in the distribution of acid
      phosphatase and 5-nucleotidase are apparent in the hippocampal and anterior
      commissures. These are negative for acid phosphatase. In 5-nucleotidase
      preparations the anterior commissure has an intensely positive whereas the
      hippocampal commissure has a completely negative reaction. The medial septal
      nucleus is intensely positive for 5-nucleotidase at the anterior hemisphere
      level. There is a gradual decrease in intensity of staining in this nucleus
      towards the posterior hemisphere levels so that in the last few sections of the
      forebrain of the frog the medial septal nucleus is completely unstained or
      negative. In the acid phosphatase preparations at all levels the medial septal
      nucleus presents a moderately positive reaction. In 5-nucleotidase preparations,
      the dorsomedial part of primordial hippocampus is intensely positive whereas the
      dorsal part of the hippocampus is completely negative. In acid phosphatase
      preparations, both dorsal and dorsomedial parts of hippocampus are intensely
      positive. The striatal complex and the lateral septal nucleus are positive for
      acid phosphatase and negative for 5-nucleotidase. The possible significance of
      some of these similarities and differences in tracts and nuclei has been
      considered with reference to the functioning of the various parts. The present
      histoenzymological preparations have revealed distinct nerve pathways. In some
      instances clear-cut connections, which had hitherto been unrevealed by
      neuroanotomical methods, have been demonstrated.

PMID- 1087928
TI  - Incidence of colour-blind cases among school children.

PMID- 1087929
TI  - Histiocytosis X: a case report.
AB  - The rare disease entity of histocytosis X is presented. Features of unusual
      interests in the present case were the bilateral exophthalmus as the presenting
      sign, fever, ottorhoea and involvement of lung and long bones.

PMID- 1087930
TI  - Corneal electroretinograms in children without sedation.
AB  - Many physicians assume that general anesthesia or sedation is necessary to
      perform electroretinograms (ERGs) on children and for this reason are reluctant
      to request the test. To challenge this assumption, routine contact lens ERGs,
      using topical anesthesia only, were attempted on 30 consecutively referred
      children (aged five months to six years). Mild restraint was sometimes needed,
      but successful oscilloscopic ERGs were obtained from all 30 children. The records
      were less stable than those from adults, but the response amplitude, wave-form
      and timing could always be evaluated and the cone and rod systems could be
      clearly differentiated.

PMID- 1087931
TI  - Rod monochromatism -- an incomplete form.
AB  - An incomplete form of rod monochromatism is described in a young man with normal
      visual acuity and absence of nystagmus or photophobia. ERG showed normal
      threshold sensitivity in white and blue lights but virtual absence of the first
      portion of response in red light. The sensory threshold curve lacked the typical
      rod-cone discontinuity, whereas the curve after full dark adaptation was normal.
      It is suggested that the condition is due to atypical disfunction of the cones.

PMID- 1087932
TI  - An evaluation of the membrane constants and the potassium conductance in
      metabolically exhausted muscle fibres.
AB  - 1. The membrane characteristics of metabolically poisoned and mechanically
      exhausted frog skeletal muscle fibres were investigated with intracellular micro
      electrodes. 2. When cyanide plus iodoacetate were applied as metabolic poisons
      twitch tension declined towards zero after 150-300 stimuli (0-3 Hz; temperature =
      0 degrees C). At the beginning of stimulation the mean resting potenial fell from
      -75 to -69 mV; it rose subsequently to -83 mV. The membrane resistance decreased
      during this stimulation period along a sigmoid time course to 4-6% of the
      original value. 3. In completely exhausted fibres the following membrane
      constants were estimated (23 degrees C): length constant, 0-31 mm; input
      resistance, 31 komega; membrane resistance, 58 omega.cm2. These values were
      calculated under the assumption of a constant internal resistivity of 170 omega.
      cm. The Q10 values of these constants were similar to those in normal fibres.
      Afew experiments revealed that the membrane capacity remained roughly constant
      under these conditions. 4. The current-voltage relation of exhausted fibres was
      approximately linear in the range between -60 and -100 mV. At less negative
      potentials the conductance increased slightly while at more negative potentials
      it decreased. The latter, in particular, became more evident when the imput
      current was converted into membrane current density by applying Cole's theorem.
      5TEA+ and Rb+ in the external solution increased the membrane resistance of
      exhausted fibres by more than one order of magnitude. The major part of the
      membrane conductance induced by exhaustion, however, could not be blocked by
      these ions or Zn2+. 6. Chloride-free test solutions were used to measure the
      relative contributions of potassium and chloride ions to the membrane
      conductance. The relation GK:GC1 changed from 2:3 in normal fibres to 5:1 in
      exhausted ones. In absolute terms GK rose from ca. 130 to 14,300 mumho/cm2 and
      GC1 from ca. 200 to 2900 mumho/cm2. The discrimination between K+ and Na+ by the
      resting membrane in exhausted fibres was probably equal to or even higher than
      that under normal conditions. 7. In normal fibres the input resistance decreased
      by up to 20% after the external application of 1-2 mM caffeine, which is known to
      release calcium ions from internal stores. The elevation in internal Ca2+ by
      direct injection caused a small and, as a rule, irreversible decrease in input
      resistance which was probably partly due to local damage to the surface membrane.
      8. It is concluded that in metabolically exhausted muscle fibres the surface and
      tubular membranes are still intact and that the observed decrease in membrane
      resistance is mainly due to an increase in potassium conductance. In addition,
      the results indicate that the gating mechanism of the potassium channels
      (presumably those with the characteristics of the slow component) is affected
      when energy reserves diminish.

PMID- 1087934
TI  - Experimental studies on the long term fate of the vein and artery grafts and its
      choice in aortocoronary bypass surgery.
AB  - Experimental studies of aorto-coronary bypass were performed using the technique
      of distal coronary artery perfusion in 47 dogs to ellucidate the flow
      characteristics at various grafts and long term fate of grafts up to 440 days
      after operation. On short term results, early graft occlusion seems to occur
      within 2 weeks with 6.5 days of mean in Group I and II (free grafts) when
      inflammatory reaction is most prominent. After 2 weeks patency rate was 65% in
      Group I and II, more than 80% of patency rate were obtained in Group III. In
      Group IV (prosthetic grafts), all but few (3 cases) could survive for more than
      24 hours. In flow characteristic, artery and vein graft of which diameter is
      larger than that of the coronary artery can maintain enough the basal flow after
      ligation of the proximal coronary artery. In Group III (IMA-Circumflex
      anastomosis group), the internal mammary artery must be large enough to carry the
      blood to coronary artery lest the graft flow becomes below the basal flow. In
      Group IV, grafts can carry full flow but long term studies were not done because
      of early graft occlusion. There are much differences between free artery and vein
      grafts. In artery graft except IMA proper arterial structure is being kept until
      440 days but has arteriosclerotic wall changes similar to human being. On the
      contrary, almost all free vein grafts have subintimal hyperplasia with collagen
      deposit and fibrous tissue and still progress after one year. These findings
      demonstrate that ischemia and hydrauiic effect in the graft must be important
      factor for the irreversible graft wall changes.

PMID- 1087933
TI  - An analysis of the influence of membrane potential and metabolic poisoning with
      azide on the sodium pump in skeletal muscle.
AB  - 1. Activation of the Na pump in muscle by the external K concentration, [K]O, is
      independent of the membrane potential (Em) as shown by experiments in which Em
      was either stabilized during variation of [K]O or varied by application of azide
      at constant or zero [K]O. 2. Application of azide to Na-enriched muscles causes a
      transient increase in 22Na efflux which occurs either in the presence or in the
      absence of external K. 3. The increased 22Na efflux induced by azide is abolished
      by addition of ouabain and is greatly reduced by removal of almost all of the
      external Na concentration, [Na]o. 4. Azide-treated muscles show a rather normal K
      sensitivity of 22Na efflux and [K]O induces a net Na extrusion from Na-enriched
      muscles in the presence of azide. 5. Azide reduces ouabain-sensitive K influx to
      low values thus interfering with K pump but not with the ability of K to activate
      the Na pump. 6. The experiments provide evidence that azide promotes a
      ouabainsensitive Na-Na exchange in Na-enriched muscles and that it partially
      uncouples the Na-K exchange normally observed.

PMID- 1087935
TI  - [Morphology and functions of human thymus gland].

PMID- 1087936
TI  - [Characteristics and differentiation of functions of T cells].

PMID- 1087938
TI  - [Key points in the study of thymic humoral factors and T-cell differentiation in
      the nude mouse].

PMID- 1087937
TI  - [Bone marrow lymphocytes--some morphological problems].

PMID- 1087940
TI  - [Changes in peripheral blood T-cells and B-cells in chronic kidney failure].

PMID- 1087939
TI  - Transition in the character of immunological memory in mice after immunization.
      II. Memory in T and B cell populations.
AB  - Teh immunological memory in antibody response of mice to bovine serum albumin
      (BSA) was investigated at the level of antibody-producing cells or their
      precursor B cells and thymus-dependent helper T cells. Spleen cells obtained from
      mice previously primed with alum-precipitated BSA at various times were
      transferred to irradiated syngeneic mice. Spleen cells from mice immunized 8 days
      or 64 days before presented a high degree of adoptive secondary response, whereas
      the adoptive response of cells from mice immunized 2 days previously was found to
      be inferior even to that of unprimed spleen cells. Primed spleen cells treated
      with anti-mouse thymocyte rabbit serum plus complement were supplemented with
      normal thymus cells and the restoration of the responsiveness was examined. It
      was suggested that the memory was carried mainly by T cells in the earlier phases
      of the immunological memory (2 days or 8 days after the primary immunization). On
      the other hand, the immunological memory in the B-cell population was shown to
      grow gradually toward the later phase (later than 40 days).

PMID- 1087941
TI  - [Affinity of the antibody to native DNA in lupus nephritis].

PMID- 1087942
TI  - [Primary hereditary band-shaped corneal dystrophy and its association with other
      hereditary corneal lesions (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of examinations of members of a large Tyrolian family tree with
      primary band-shaped corneal dystrophy and other hereditary corneal leasons are
      reported. Corneal lesions occurred in 16 family members. In three male members,
      the primary band-shaped corneal dystrophy is associated either with parenchymal
      opacification and endo-epithelial dystrophy or epithelial dystrophy or with
      parenchymal opacification and epithelial dystrophy. In some cases, various
      corneal dystrophies (parenchymal opacification, endo-epithelial dystrophy, cornea
      guttata, epithelial dystrophy, band-shaped nasal corneal dystrophy) exist without
      band-shaped corneal dystrophy. A polyphenic gene is responsible for the
      manifestation of the various corneal lesions. The occurrence of typical primary
      band-shaped corneal dystrophy only in male family members can be explained by sex
      linked inheritance. Because of some flutuations in the expression, the primary
      band-shaped corneal dystrophy can only be manifested slightly on the nasal
      border. The hereditary character of the occurrence of the primary band-shaped
      corneal dystrophy and of the closely related other corneal dystrophies together
      with the already in 1974 observed association with keratokonus is stressed. Our
      observations show the variety of the manifestations of a polyphenic gene in the
      corneal region.

PMID- 1087943
TI  - Fertilization and development of frog eggs after repeated spermiation induced by
      human chorionic gonadotropin.
AB  - Sperm released into the urine of adult male frogs, Rana pipiens, after
      intraperitoneal injection of human chorionic gonadotropin, were used to fertilize
      freshly ovulated eggs. Repeated spermiations from the same animal were induced
      with repeated injections of the hormone at intervals of four to 11 days.
      Individual frogs were induced to spermiate up to four times, with fertile sperm
      ensuing each time. Development of zygotes produced by this method did not differ
      from the development of ova fertilized by conventional methods.

PMID- 1087944
TI  - [Vaginal flora in women from Gevgelija].
AB  - The author gives data on the vaginal flora of women aged 20--64 in the commune of
      Gevgelia obtained in the course of an early mass detection of the carcinoma of
      the uterine cervix in this area. The action covered 70.5% of women from urban
      areas and 85.3% of women from rural areas. The microbiological analysis of
      vaginal flora was made in two ways: first, by taking smears and by vital staining
      and classifying them after Jirovec, Peter, and Malik; another preparation was
      sent to the cytologist and, after fixing and staining, was interpreted
      microbiologically. The results of both methods are shown in tabular form,
      according to women's age and residence. They do not differ much between
      themselves. The purity of vaginal secretion in women from rural areas is higher
      than that in women from urban areas. The occurrence of Trichomonas vaginalis is
      twice as frequent in women from rural than from urban areas. There is a
      significant difference in the existence of Doderlein's bacillus in the
      postmenopausal period between women from urban and from rural parts of the
      commune. In women from urban areas over 60 Doderlein's bacillus was present only
      in 39.28% and in those from rural areas in as many as 63.07% of this group of
      women.

PMID- 1087945
TI  - [Endoscopical findings and therapeutic decision in osteomyelosclerosis associated
      with portal hypertension and bleeding from esophageal varices (author's transl)].
AB  - Portal hypertension with hemorrhage from esophageal varices is a rare
      complication of osteomyelosclerosis; therapy is controversial. Hemostasis could
      be achieved in two patients by sclerozising the esophageal wall. In one of these
      cases hemorrhage could not be stopped on several occasions in the past by medical
      means; in the other patient the spleen had been removed. The patient without
      surgery did rather well and was in a better clinical condition than the other
      one; we therefore recommend to use splenectomy and splenorenal shunting in this
      disease rather cautiously.

PMID- 1087946
TI  - [The importance of kryotherapy in physical therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1087947
TI  - [Synoviorthesis with osmic acid in the treatment of rheumatoid disease. Remarks
      and evaluation of 5 years of its use].

PMID- 1087948
TI  - The influence of surgery on survival of patients with angina.

PMID- 1087950
TI  - Percutaneos pulmonary needle diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.
AB  - Percutaneous pulmonary needle aspiration (PC-A) is one of several diagnostic
      techniques capable of providing material in which Pneumocystis carinii organisms
      can be identified. This simple procedure, readily performed by most physicians,
      can be rapidly done under local anesthesia, requiring no sedation, general
      anesthetic, or multiple support personnel. When the chest roentgenographic
      evidence suggests diffuse involvement, PC-A may be performed at the bedside; if
      more patchy in distribution, under fluoroscopic guidance. Diagnostic yield
      approximates 80% or more on on the first attempt and approaches 100% if repeat PC
      A is done after an initially negative PC-A procedure. Underlying severe bleeding
      disorders may lead to serious hemorrhage. Pneumothorax is not uncommon but is
      usually of no clinical significance and, if necessary,, is readily controlled.
      Percutaneous pulmonary needle biopsy with cutting or coring needles is not
      recommended because of a higher complication rate.

PMID- 1087949
TI  - Transbronchial lung biopsy via the fiberoptic bronchoscope in the diagnosis of
      diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in the immunosuppressed host.
AB  - The differential diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in the
      immunosuppressed patient is broad. Many of the etiologies are amenable to
      specific therapy. Although endobronchial brush biopsy has been used to identify
      many infections, including Pneumocystis carinii, it was less effective in the
      diagnosis of noinfectious infiltrates. Transbronchial lung biopsy via the
      fiberoptic bronchoscope provided lung tissue that could be studied
      histologically, which increased the diagnostic yield without the morbidity and
      mortality of open or percutaneous lung biopsies.-

PMID- 1087951
TI  - Open lung biopsy in the diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
AB  - Lung biopsy remains the essential cornerstone in the diagnosis of pneumocystis
      pneumonia. Whatever technique can establish this diagnosis safely and early in
      order to get treatment started quickly should be used. Open lung biopsy remains a
      candidate for the diagnostic method of choice because if offers some advantages
      over percutaneous needle biopsy. There is a greater supply of competent thoracic
      surgeons in most hospitals than of physicians who are proficient with needle
      biopsy. The direct vision afforded by thoracotomy enables selective biopsy of
      grossly involved lung that can be appreciated by direct vision and palpation;
      needle biopsy is random and blind in its sampling. A more generous tissue
      specimen can be obtained for pathologic examination; the pathologic diagnosis of
      an "unsatisfactory specimen" is unlikely to result from open biopsy. Open lung
      biopsy achieves a higher diagnostic yield earlier in the pneumonitis when
      pneumocystis pneumonia is confined to the perihilar regions inaccessible to
      percutaneous needle biopsy. Better control of hemostasis is achieved by direct
      vision and ligature in a group of patients characteristically at high risk for
      bleeding tendencies, and pneumothorax is controlled in open biopsy; thoracostomy
      prevents the later, uncontroled collapse of the lung when the patient returns to
      the ward where there may be some diagnostic and therapeutic delay in the
      treatment of pneumothorax in a patient who can tolerate little further
      respiratory compromise.

PMID- 1087952
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii infection: diagnosis and pathogenesis.
AB  - The methods of diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii infection are reviewed; a high
      index of suspicion of the disease, particularly in the immunodeficient patient,
      is stressed and the classic morphology of the organism is described. Discussed
      are the known immunologic features gleaned from clinical and pathologic data from
      the literature and the reported cases from the University of Minnesota Hospitals.
      The importance of the complete investigation of the immune status of every
      patient who develops pneumocystis infection is stressed.

PMID- 1087953
TI  - Cytologic diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii.

PMID- 1087954
TI  - Pulmonary and extrapulmonary support for patients with Pneumocystis carinii
      pneumonia.
AB  - Temporary extrapulmonary oxygenation may benefit selected patients with
      Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who exhibit severe respiratory insufficiency. Four
      persons were considered candidates for extrapulmonary oxygenation with a membrane
      lung while under treatment for pneumocystis pneumonia. In one patient, attempts
      to institute membrane lung circulation were postponed until his condition was
      terminal. In another individual, membrane lung support was discontinued
      prematurely because of complications of anticoagulation. A third patient died of
      cardiac failure even though her oxygenation had improved during respiratory
      assistance. In the fourth, the membrane lung was used successfully to maintain
      the patient through therapy until lung recovery was adequate to resume vital
      function. The four cases presented are examples of the immunosuppression that
      creates susceptibility to pneumocystis pneumonia: In two patients,
      immunodeficiency was caused by lymphoma and combination chemotherapy for the
      underlying disease; in two others, immunosuppression was induced for the purposes
      of transplantation. Two patients underwent veno-venous perfusion for prepulmonary
      oxygenation, and one underwent venoarterial bypass with the membrane lung.
      Indications for, and techniques of, membrane lung bypass are reviewed. This
      method of extrapulmonary membrane lung support may save some patients with
      transient severe pulmonary insufficiency due to P, carinii pneumonia, and the
      membrane lung may be an adjunct to antimicrobial therapy.

PMID- 1087955
TI  - Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: current status of the regimens of
      pentamidine isethionate and pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine.
AB  - A randomized clinical trial is under way comparing the relative merits of
      pentamidine isethionate and pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine in the management of
      patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Twenty-one patients have entered
      the trial. Both regimens have produced at least one complete recovery in biopsy
      proved pneumocystis pneumonia. Two patients have died from pneumocystis pneumonia
      after being treated with a combination of both regimens. Initial observations on
      comparative toxicity indicate pentamidine isethionate has more local toxicity,
      but pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine is difficult to administer to severely ill
      patients. Comparative merits of the two regimens will be analyzed at the
      completion of the present clinical trial.

PMID- 1087956
TI  - Treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infancy.
AB  - Pentamidine is recommended for the therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
      either alone or, in severe cases, combined with pyrimethamine. Attention is drawn
      to the importance of supporting symptomatic treatment, particularly with the
      promethazine-Hydergine cocktail, and to the possibilities for general and drug
      prophylaxis.

PMID- 1087957
TI  - Successful pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine therapy of pneumocystis pneumonia in
      infants with X-linked immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM.

PMID- 1087958
TI  - Endemic infantile pneumocystis carinii infection: the Shiraz study.
AB  - Orphanage epidemics of interstitial plasma cell pneumonia (IPCP) occur among
      premature infants whose passive immunity due to maternally transferred antibodies
      has lost its effectiveness before the infants' humoral immune systems have
      reached sufficient maturity to respond effectively to Pneumocystis carinii. IPCP
      occurs also among mature newborns receiving substandard care in understaffed and
      crowded orphanages. Infantile diarrhea in these institutions leads to marasmus
      and deficient immune response in infants 3-4 months after birth. The P. carinii
      organisms in the alveoli elicit a plasma cell response in the interstitial
      tissues of the lung, which may be so massive that it interferes with respiration
      and leads to death by asphyxiation. Such observations at the Shiraz Orphanage are
      discussed.

PMID- 1087959
TI  - Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with cancer: clinical setting.
AB  - The most common clinical setting for the development of pneumocystis pneumonia in
      the United States is in a patient successfully treated with combination
      chemotherapy, usually including steroids, for a hematologic malignancy. The
      pneumonia is most likely to occur in the acute form during the reduction or
      withdrawal of chemotherapy and is the most common cause of infectious death in
      such cancer patients when they are in a clinical remission. The disease also
      develops in such patients on therapy who have uncontrolled growth of their tumor
      and occasionally in patients with other types of solid tumors. Given the
      appropriate clinical setting, all attempts should be made to establish the
      diagnosis histologically, but if this is not possible, empirical treatment with
      pentamidine isethionate is indicated.

PMID- 1087960
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the United States: epidemiologic, diagnostic,
      and clinical features.
AB  - Analysis of 194 patients with confirmed Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the
      United States over a 3-year period revealed that P. carinii pneumonia occurred
      almost exclusively in the immunosuppressed host who had a serious underlying
      disease. The epidemiologic features of pneumocystis pneumonia primarily reflected
      those of the underlying disease. P. carinii was identified antermortem in 81% of
      the cases usually by biopsy or needle aspiration of the lung, procedures
      associated with considerable morbidity and morbidity and mortality. Laboratory
      identification of P. carinii was usually accurate, but errors resulting from
      fault staining tecnique occurred. Most patients had been ill less than 2 weeks
      with bilateral diffuse interstitial pneumonia. Leukopenia (white blood cell count
      less than or equal to 3,00/mm3) and probably severe hypoxia were negative
      prognostic factors. Although treatment with pentamidine was effective, the drug
      frequently cased adverse reactions, particularly impaired renal function, when
      given with other nephrotoxic agents.

PMID- 1087961
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and primary immune deficiency diseases.
AB  - During a 3-year period, 50 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children
      less than 5 years old were reported to the Parasitic Disease Drug Service, Center
      for disease Control. Primary immune deficiency diseses constituted the most
      frequent underlying diseases in patients less than 1 year old (24/29 cases, 83%),
      whereas acute lymphatic leukemia was the most common underlying diseases in
      children 1-4 years old (17/21 cases, 81%). Severe combined immunodeficiency was
      the most common type of immune deficiency disease (15/25 cases, 60%). Six (24%)
      of the immunodeficient patients each had a sibling who died during infancy of an
      immunologic deficiency disease and P. carinii penumonia. Although the
      pathogenesis of the association between immune deficiency and P. carinii
      pneumonia is poorly understood, defects in both humora and cellular immunity
      appear to be operative.--Natl Cancer lst Monogr 43: 65-72, 1976.

PMID- 1087962
TI  - Atypical radiographic features in Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
AB  - In a review of clinical, pathologic, and radiographic findings from 30 patients
      with confirmed pneumocystis pneumonia, the disease presented a typical
      radiographic picture of acute bilateral perihilar and basilar infiltrate
      progressing to diffuse alveolar consolidation within 3-5 days and unassociated
      with adenopathy or pleural changes in 13 patients. However, the incidence of
      atypical radiographic features was appreciable (17 of the 30 patients showed at
      least one atypical finding) and, in addition, few radiographic findings
      completely excluded the diagnosis of pneumocystis infection.

PMID- 1087963
TI  - Roentgenologic diagnosis of interstitial plasma cell pneumonia in infancy.
AB  - Sixt-two series of radiographs were analyzed. Interstitial plasma cell pneumonia
      (IPCP) was divided into six radiographic stages. A schematic description of these
      stages is given. The correlation between this scheme and the actual radiographs
      is illustrated with a series of nine antero-posterior and lateral radiographs
      from one infant. The patterns of the individual stages of the disease are then
      discussed with the aid of pulmonary radiographs of 12 infants and one 12-month
      old child with dysgammaglobulinemia. From a prospective and retrospective
      analysis of these radiographs, we could delineate the development of the disease
      from the earliest radiologically recognizable lesions to resolution. The long
      incubation time of IPCP was established by a retograde analysis of several series
      of radiographs of proved cases; the time interval was determined between the
      earliest recognizable change and the full-blown picture of stage V, in which the
      interstitial infiltrative process may be accompained by various degrees of
      emphysema, edema (used synoymously with alveolar filling process), pneumothorax,
      and madiastinal emphysema. This scheme has proved its value during 20 years of
      radiographic diagnostic pactice with 30-35 annual consultations concerning IPCP;
      IT CORRELATES WELL WITH THE CLINICAL SYMPTOMATOLOGY AND THE RESPONSE TO THERAPY.
      Points of differential diagnostic importance concerning other interstitial
      infiltrative processes of the lungs are discussed for every stage of the disease.

PMID- 1087964
TI  - [Placement of electrodes in transcutaneous stimulation for chronic pain].
AB  - Forty-six patients with chronic pain were treated with transcutaneous nerve
      stimulation (TNS). If there were any signs of sensory loss in the pain area, the
      electrodes were placed on the healthy side of the body. The effect of TNS was
      assessed quantitatively. After 9 months of repeated TNS, on average, the total
      pain score had improved by 39%. The subjective intensity of the pain, the
      frequency of pain and the need for analgesics had diminished by 46-47%. In those
      conditions in which total improvement was better than the mean (phantom limb
      pain, 65%; zoster neuralgia, 56%; thalamic pain, 45%), the healthy side of the
      body had been stimulated. In those in which the painful area had been stimulated
      (cancer pain, 32%; low back pain, 32%; brachialgia, 15%), the beneficial effect
      did not reach the mean for the whole series. This suggests that TNS of the
      healthy side of the body may give better long-term improvement than stimulation
      of the painful area. A theory of chronic pain and the mechanism of TNS is
      presented.

PMID- 1087965
TI  - [Current trends in the treatment of patients with cranio-cerebral injuries.
      Personal experiences, with special reference to the prevention and therapy of
      gastrointestinal hemorrhages and to treatment with L-dopa].

PMID- 1087966
TI  - [Hemorrhagic stomach disease due to a drug. Clinico-pathogenetic considerations
      and contribution to the diagnosis by fiber optic endoscopy].

PMID- 1087967
TI  - [The obstetrical problem of the grand multipara with special reference to some
      cases of postpartum hemorrhage].

PMID- 1087968
TI  - BCG vaccinatin.

PMID- 1087969
TI  - Varicose veins in New Zealand: prevalence and severity.
AB  - Three categories (none, mild, and moderate) of varicose veins are studied, and
      the independent variables studied are race, age, sex, height, weight. Quetelet
      index and parity. In Maoris the age standarised prevalence rates of varicose
      veins are 36.3 percent in males and 47.4 percent in females. In Pakehas the rates
      are 21.6 percent in males and 40.4 percent in females. In both sexes Maoris have
      a significantly higher prevalence of the more severe category of varicose veins.
      All variables studied were associated with the prevalence of varicose veins
      although the relationships vary by race and sex. In the univariate analyses the
      only variable that distinguished the three categories of varicose veins was
      parity in Maori females. In the multivariate analyses only in Maori males was a
      significant discrimination between the three groups of varicose veins achieved
      although "suggestive" discriminations were also achieved for females of both
      races.

PMID- 1087970
TI  - Gestational trophoblastic malignancy.
AB  - Gestational trophoblastic malignancy, although rare, offers the clinician the
      opportunity of being able to cure a malignant disease with cytotoxic
      chemotherapy. Such an opportunity is fulfilled only when the progress of the post
      molar patients is monitored and chemotherapy instituted as soon as the malignant
      transformation of the mole is documented. The management and treatment of nine
      cases is presented and discussed.

PMID- 1087971
TI  - Enhanced tumor growth in chimeric mice.
AB  - Chimeras were produced by aggregation of B6D2F1 and SWA early embryos. Lewis lung
      tumor, syngeneic in B6D2F1, was used to study tumor growth and metastases in
      these chimeras. Enhanced tumor growth, low metastases rate and pronounced
      enlarged spleen could be observed in SWA equilibrium B6D2F1 chimeras 21 days
      after inoculation of tumor cells. Increased activity of suppressor T-cells which
      might be due to permanent allogeneic stimulation in chimeras is discussed as one
      of the possible mechanisms.

PMID- 1087972
TI  - Aortocoronary bypass graft in dogs: late histological changes.
AB  - Late histological changes occurring in aortocoronary bypass vein grafts were
      studied by lignt and electron microscopy in three dogs killed one, two and three
      years after grafting. The changes consisted of intimal thickening due to a
      proliferation of modified smooth muscle cells (myointimal hyperplasia) and
      replacement of most of the medial smooth muscle by fibrocytes. Serial angiography
      in the dogs did not reveal progression of the intimal thickening after one month.

PMID- 1087973
TI  - [Alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT) in cystic fibrosis].

PMID- 1087974
TI  - [Clinical significance of hemopepsinogen, plasma tolerance to heparin and
      differentiation of lymphocytes in children with pneumonia].

PMID- 1087975
TI  - Angina pectoris after aortic valve replacement.
AB  - Angina pectoris after aortic valve replacement may be due to reduced myocardial
      blood flow (coronary artery stenosis or valvular dysfunction) or to increased
      myocardial oxygen demand (idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis or valvular
      dysfunction). If a patient does not do well after an aortic valve replacement,
      causes other than dysfunction of the prosthesis should be sought.

PMID- 1087976
TI  - [Sensitivity to tuberculin in children with active pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1087977
TI  - [Introducing of a team method of tuberculin test by the Mantoux method with 2
      TU].

PMID- 1087978
TI  - Positive contrast ventriculography.

PMID- 1087979
TI  - Photochemistry of molecules of biological interest.

PMID- 1087980
TI  - Chromosomal proteins in human B and T lymphocytes.
AB  - Histones and non-histone chromosomal proteins were characterized in B and T human
      lymphocytes by means of polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. It was found
      that while histones do not present appreciable differences in the two examined
      populations, non-histone chromosomal proteins exhibit distinct electrophoretic
      profiles. Low molecular weight proteins predominate in B lymphocytes whereas high
      and intermediate proteins are largely represented in T lymphocytes. The latter
      proteins may be related to the capability of these resting cells to proliferate
      under appropriate antigenic stimuli.

PMID- 1087981
TI  - Isolation of kallikrein from mammary gland of cows.
AB  - Small amounts of kallikrein were isolated from bovine mammary tissue. Immediately
      after slaughter, the udder was removed, perfused with ice-cold xylocaine
      Rheomacrodex solution, and homogenized in ice-cold acetic acid solution.
      Kallikrein-like substances were adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose, eluted with ammonium
      formate and fractionated by acetone precipitation. The 40-70% acetone fraction
      was separated on a Shephadex-G 75 column and aliquots of each fraction were
      incubated for 1 or 2 hr with kininogen. After incubation, extracts were tested
      for kinin activity on the isolated rat uterus, the rat duodenum, blood flow
      through the femoral artery of dogs and by intramammary pressure assay in sheep.
      Release of kinins was demonstrated by all these techniques, highest kallikrein
      activity being detected in the molecular weight range 50,000 to 60,000. Direct
      injection of the enzyme into the udder artery of sheep, without prior incubation
      with kinninogen, resulted in vasodilation and a rise in intramammary pressure.
      The kallikrein activity was strongly inhibited by aprotinin, but not by soybean
      trypsin inhibitor or ovomucoid. Kallikrein activity was always associated with
      esterase activity.

PMID- 1087983
TI  - [The medical profession, a vocation of public confiscation].

PMID- 1087982
TI  - Polyadenylylation of stored mRNA in cotton seed germination.

PMID- 1087984
TI  - [Influence of surgery, in the treatment of duodenal ulcer, on disaccharidase,
      activity].

PMID- 1087986
TI  - [Partial nephrectomy in the treatment of renal lithiasis].

PMID- 1087985
TI  - [Primary human epidemic encephalitis induced by Arbovirus found at the sea shore
      south of the State of Sao Paulo. Clinical study in an emergency hospital].

PMID- 1087987
TI  - [Changes of the microcirculation after blood restoration in the extremities with
      acute arterial obstruction. Experimental study].

PMID- 1087988
TI  - [Treatment of bladder exstrophy. Urinary diversion using the Bricker's technic].

PMID- 1087989
TI  - [Malar bone refracture].

PMID- 1087990
TI  - [Clinical immunology for the gastroenterologist].

PMID- 1087991
TI  - [Pneumopathy and lack of alpha 1-antitrypsin].

PMID- 1087992
TI  - [Various pecularities of dreams in patients with vestibular disturbances].

PMID- 1087993
TI  - Chromosomal abnormalities in angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy.
AB  - Chromosomal studies have been performed in 2 patients with angio-immunoblastic
      lymphadenopathy. In both the cases the presence of abnormal cell lines
      characterized by marker chromosomes has been detected. Application of banding
      techniques allowed to detect the structural composition of the marker chromosome
      in 1 of the cases and to show a clonal evolutive pattern of the rearranged
      chromosomal set; In the same patient a consistent Y loss observed in the major
      fraction of the investigated metaphases did not appear to be related to any
      defined rearrangement of the karyotype. Longitudinal chromosomal studies are
      stressed in order to better correlate th cytogenetic abnormalities and the
      immunoreactive picture of the lymph nodes along the course of the disease.

PMID- 1087995
TI  - Von Willebrand's disease--history, diagnosis and management.

PMID- 1087994
TI  - Membrane cell markers in human leukemias and lymphomas.
AB  - The availability of B- and T-cell membrane markers has provided new approaches
      and concepts in the study of lymphoproliferative diseases; The present status of
      knowledge in monoclonal B-cell proliferations, T-cell proliferations such as the
      Sezary syndrome and chronic lymphocytic leukemia of T-cell origin, acute
      lymphoblastic leukemias and non-Hodgkin lymphomas is briefly reviewed.

PMID- 1087996
TI  - Chronic granulocytic leukemia--selective removal of immature granulocytic cells
      by leukapheresis.

PMID- 1087997
TI  - [Electrotherapy in certain gynecologic diseases].

PMID- 1087998
TI  - [Principles of treatment of acute blood loss in parturients].

PMID- 1087999
TI  - Studies on the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide; red-green colour blindness
      and the age at menarche in Johannesburg Chinese school children.
AB  - The sample, although small, represents the total number of children attending the
      Johannesburg Chinese Kuo Ting Primary and High School in 1972 to 1974. The
      frequency of the non-taster gene was found to be 0,167 in the combined male and
      female sample. The gene for red-green colour blindness is present in the
      Johannesburg Chinese population but at low frequnecy, 0,012. The mean age at
      menarche was found to be 12,8+/-1,23 years and is younger than the mean ages
      recorded for a number of Caucasoid populations. It is suggested that this
      difference in mean age reflects possibly varying genetic rather than varying
      socio-economic factors.

PMID- 1088000
TI  - Cardiac assistance and infarct size: left atrial-to-aortic vs left ventricular-to
      aortic bypass.

PMID- 1088001
TI  - Chicken antirat lymphocyte globulin (CARLG): dose-response study.

PMID- 1088002
TI  - Biliary hypoplasia consequent to alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.

PMID- 1088003
TI  - Effect of electric current and metiamide on CO2 production by gastric mucosa.

PMID- 1088004
TI  - Mechanisms of ionophore and metiamide in inhibition of parietal cell function.

PMID- 1088005
TI  - Secretion of base by the in vitro amphibian antrum.

PMID- 1088006
TI  - Dorsal column stimulation for relief of chronic intractable pain.

PMID- 1088007
TI  - Lymphocyte subpopulation alterations in thermal injury and acute infection.

PMID- 1088009
TI  - Iridocorneal adhesions in posterior polymorphous dystrophy.
AB  - The variability of clinical expression in posterior polymorphous dystrophy is
      illustrated with emphasis on the occurrence of iridocorneal adhesions. These are
      believed to be synechiae and not Rieger's anomaly. The occurrence of glass
      membrane-like material extending onto the iris from the cornea, causing synechiae
      and pupillary ectropion, is documented.

PMID- 1088008
TI  - [Presentation of 25 cases of post-irradiation lesions of the brachial plexus and
      their treatment].
AB  - A study was carried out on a series of 25 patients who were operated on for
      breast cancer and who submitted to postoperative radiotherapy, in which lesions
      of the brachial nervous plexus from ionizing radiations were obtained. In almost
      all the cases, 24 out of 25, various symptoms such as paresthesiae, pain, and
      motorial disturbances, were observed even one year after the completion of the
      treatment. Motorial troubles, which in 13 cases were not detected at the moment
      of the diagnosis of the other lesions, always occurred later. Etiopathogenesis
      and diagnosis of these lesions have been considered, as well as the possibility
      of lowering the incidence of such troubles. The conclusion can be drawn that
      useful results can be obtained, to a certain extent, only if therapeutic
      treatment is performed early: in most cases, however, the lesions showed a
      progressive evolution.

PMID- 1088010
TI  - High frequency of deficient Pi phenotypes of alpha-1-antitrypsin in nonatopic
      infantile asthma.

PMID- 1088011
TI  - Defect in IgA secretion and in IgA specific suppressor cells in patients with
      selective IgA deficiency.
AB  - The nature of the defect in patients with selective IgA deficiency was
      investigated using a technique established to study terminal differentiation of B
      lymphocytes into immunoglobulin synthesizing and secreting cells. The peripheral
      blood lymphocytes from normal individuals had geometric mean synthetic rates of
      4910 ng for IgM, 1625 ng for IgG and 1270 ng for IgA per 2 x 10(6) cells in
      culture for 7 days in the presence of pokeweed mitogen. The cultured lymphocytes
      from each of the 14 patients with selective IgA deficiency studied synthesized
      normal quantities of IgG and IgM but secreted less than 100 ng of IgA into the
      media. However, 11 of the 14 patients studied synthesized IgA by the 7th day in
      PWM stimulated cultures as assessed by staining for cytoplasmic IgA using
      fluorescein-labeled anti-IgA antisera. Synthesis and secretion of IgA by normal
      cells was not suppressed when they were co-cultured with lymphocytes from these
      patients that synthesize but do not secrete IgA. Three of the 14 patients did not
      have lymphocytes with IgA demonstrable in their cytoplasm following culture. When
      the lymphocytes from these 3 patients were co-cultured with normal lymphocytes
      and pokeweed mitogen the synthesis of IgA by the normal cells was depressed by 80
      to 100%. Synthesis of IgG and IgM was not depressed. These studies suggest that
      lymphocytes cultured with pokeweed mitogen from the majority of patients with
      selective IgA deficiency can synthesize IgA but have a defect in IgA secretion. A
      smaller group of the patients do not synthesize IgA and have IgA specific
      suppressor cells that prevent B cells from maturing into IgA synthesizing and
      secreting cells.

PMID- 1088012
TI  - [Study of the vestibular analyzer in vegetative-vascular dystonia].

PMID- 1088013
TI  - [Present state and future developments in the treatment of fractures (survey of
      foreign literature)].

PMID- 1088014
TI  - [Study of cellular immunity in patients with testicular teratoblastoma by the
      method of rosette formation].
AB  - In 23 patients with teratoblastomas of the testes the authors studied nonspecific
      reactivity of T-lymphocytes by means of the reaction of spontaneous rosette
      formation. A definite correlation was shown between the reaction indices,
      chorionic gonadotropin, the Abelev reaction and clinical course of the disease.
      It is concluded that the complex therapy should be conducted under the control of
      the corresponding immunological indices.

PMID- 1088015
TI  - [Experience with electric stimulation of patients with spastic paresis of
      vascular genesis with the use of "Bion" apparatus].

PMID- 1088016
TI  - [Potassium and sodium metabolism in patients with active rheumatism during
      treatment with anabolic steroids].

PMID- 1088017
TI  - [Endoscopy and biopsy of the esophagus].
AB  - Since glass fibre instruments are used, the number of oesophagoscopies very much
      increased. The complication rate is small. The oesophagus can be inspected
      without any gaps in all sections. Our knowledge on pathogenesis and distribution
      of certain diseases of the oesophagus has considerably been enlarged by modern
      biopsy and endoscopy. In the urgent clarification of acute causes of haemorrhage
      in the upper alimentary tract endoscopy stands in the first place compared with
      all other diagnostic methods. The interpretation of the findings in the
      oesophagus demands an experienced and critical examinator, as the bioptic
      particles frequently are very small.

PMID- 1088018
TI  - [Diagnostic value of bulboscopy].
AB  - Bulboscopy is a proved routine examination in radiological suspicion of changes
      in the duodenum, in duodenal ulcers, haemorrhages from the superior
      gastrointestinal tract, also as emergency endoscopy, and in unclear epigastric
      complaints. The endoscopy of the duodenal bulb is better than the radiological
      examination, especially when a cicatricial bulb is present. Flat ulcers often
      cannot be proved by radiological examination. Nevertheless the radiological
      examination should always be carried out, as also endoscopically in the
      cicatricial bulb ulcers may be overseen. Endoscopically the florid duodenal ulcer
      can be differentiated in several groups. Some a prognostic importance is
      ascribed.

PMID- 1088019
TI  - [Emergency endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhages].
AB  - The urgent endoscopy of the superior gastrointestinal haemorrhage carefully and
      quickly helps in clarifying the following questions: Is the patient going on
      bleeding? Is conservative approach allowed? Must be operated? It is without
      danger in the hand of the experienced. In 95.20% we could get a positive
      evidence. In this the advantage compared with other methods is shown. The
      examination should possibly be done only by means of a glass fibre endoscope and
      may be performed only after combat against shock. It is reported on own results
      of 125 endoscopies in haemorrhage of the superior gastrointestinal tract.

PMID- 1088020
TI  - [Hemorrhagic erosion as a cause for gastrointestinal hemorrhages].
AB  - It is necessary in clinical diagnosis more than hitherto done to take into
      consideration haemorrhagic erosions as the most frequent cause of
      gastrointestinal haemorrhages. They are found as concomitant diseases of certain
      basic diseases, whereby the spectre of causes deviates in adults and children. In
      adults dominate heart insufficiency and cerebral diseases including skull-brain
      trauma, in children, however, infections of the respiratory and digestive tract,
      followed by cerebral affections and haemoblastoses. A differentiation concerning
      age and sex cannot be proved.

PMID- 1088021
TI  - [Evaluation of Alrheumum in practice-like conditions].

PMID- 1088022
TI  - Choosing a vessel for aortocoronary bypass.
AB  - In practice, the surgeon is left with few choices of the proper ACB graft. His
      options are limited entirely to autologous tissues, of which the best is the
      great saphenous vein from the calf (Table 3). Actually, once leg veins and the
      internal mammary artery are no longer available there are few other choices worth
      considering. Small calibre allografts, however preserved, and synthetic grafts,
      are uniformly doomed to failure. The great saphenous vein from the calf is
      usually a single tube, of suitable diameter and strength for arterial
      replacement. Most of its tributaries lie in the upper third of the calf; this
      makes the lower segment preferable for the patient who requires only one or two
      bypasses. Variations in the normal anatomy have been illustrated.

PMID- 1088023
TI  - Surgical versus medical treatment of coronary artery disease: long-term survival.
AB  - In an attempt to answer the question as to whether or not aortocoronary bypass
      (ACB) does increase life expectancy of patients with coronary artery occlusive
      disease (CAOD), 4,766 consecutive patients undergoing ACB at the Texas Heart
      Institute from October, 1969 through June, 1975, were reviewed and followed for
      five and one half years. Overall early mortality was reduced from 9.7 percent
      during the first full year (1970) of the study to 3.3 percent during the last
      full year (1974). Early mortality in males (86.5 percent) was reduced to 3
      percent during 1975, but in females only to 8.4 percent. However, late mortality
      in females was only 2.6 percent as compared to 3.4 percent in males. Long-term
      survival was similar for both males and females at five and one-half years when
      early mortality was considered. Males also experienced better symptomatic results
      than females with 90.3 percent of males remaining asymptomatic, while only 86.6
      percent of females remained in this category. Early mortality increased as more
      vessels were bypassed, but late mortality decreased and symptomatic results
      improved as more complete revascularization was performed. Only 55 percent of
      late deaths were cardiac related. Actuarial comparison of this surgical series
      with the most comparable series in the literature of patients treated medically,
      demonstrated significant (P less than 0.001) increased survival in the surgical
      group as compared to medically treated patients at every year up to five and one
      half years, for patients with double and triple vessel disease and for the entire
      series. In those patients with single vessel disease, the survival curves were
      similar to four years, following which survival was increased in the surgical
      patients at the end of the fifth and sixth reporting years. In summary, these
      data appear to suggest that surgical treatment of coronary artery occlusive
      disease does provide a favorable effect upon life expectancy.

PMID- 1088024
TI  - [Action potentials of the heart atria and ventricles of Rana temporaria frogs and
      Cyprinus carpio carp].
AB  - Using microelectrode technique, studies have been made on electrophysiological
      indices (amplitude of AP, amplitude of the plateau, latent period of AP, duration
      of maximal depolarization, duration of repolarization at different levels) of
      cells of isolated atrium and ventricles of the carp during both the spontaneous
      activity and electrical stimulation. The obtained amplitude-temporal parameters
      were compared to those of the heart in the frog R. temporaria. It was found that
      the amplitude of AP, the amplitude of the plateau and the duration of the latent
      period of AP in both the atrium and ventricles of the carp significantly (p less
      than 0.01) differ from the corresponding indices of the frog. On the contrary,
      the duration of maximal depolarization and repolarization in cells from
      homologous parts of the heart is very close in the species investigated.

PMID- 1088025
TI  - [Daily form of rest in the catfish Ictalurus nebulosus and the frog Rana
      temporaria].
AB  - By means of recording the cardiac rhythm, respiration rate and motor activity in
      unrestrained animals, studies have been made on the dynamics of formation of
      cataleptic-like immobilization in the teleost I. nebulosus. Rhythmic illumination
      at a rate 3/min. (10 sec light on - 10 sec light off) in the daytime gradually
      caused the onset of immobilization in the fish. This immobilization is
      characterized by the specific heart rate, type of respiration and the degree of
      plastic tone. Under the same experimental conditions, the formation of photogenic
      catalepsy in the frog Rana temporaria was confirmed. Typical heart rate,
      respiration pattern and the degree of plastic tone were determined as well. The
      role of illumination rhythm in the onset of all conditions which are
      characteristic for the "awakefulness-rest" cycle is discussed.

PMID- 1088026
TI  - [Formation of muscle tissue heat resistance in Rana temporaria tadpoles by means
      of temperature and non-temperature selection of spermatozoa].

PMID- 1088027
TI  - [Influence of homologous n-alkanoic acids on functional properties of isolated
      skeletal muscles. I. Muscle contraction].
AB  - 1. The contractility of isolated muscles of the frog (and in some instances of
      the rat) was investigated at room temperature in Ringer's solutions containing
      homologous alkanoic acids (100 mM C4 to 0.4 mM C10). 2. Free fatty acids decrease
      the contraction amplitudes evoked by direct stimulation. The effects increase
      with concentration, exposure, and chain length of the fatty acids. In Ringer's
      solution the changes are totally or partly reversible. 3. The depression of
      contraction amplitude induced by free fatty acids is removed by small
      concentrations of caffeine (2--5 mM) in Ringer's solution. 4. Interactions of
      fatty acids with different structures of skeletal muscle (mitochondria,
      sarcolemma and membranes of sarcoplasmic vesicles) are discussed. The distinct
      effect of fatty acids on stimulated muscles and the importance of membranes in
      the regulation of the calcium ion concentration in the cytoplasm suggest that
      fatty acids interact with membrane lipids.

PMID- 1088028
TI  - Reversal of acute myocardial ischemia in closed chest animals by retrograde
      perfusion of the coronary sinus with arterial blood.
AB  - The fundamental objective of this study was to develop a technique for salvaging
      aco the ischemic muscle segment is the coronary venous system. We have been able
      to ration) in closed chest dogs by placing a double lumen balloon catheter in the
      coronary sinus, and perfusing it with blood derived from a peripheral artery. We
      have been able to partially reverse these same manifestations in similar dogs
      with an ischemic period of 30-60 minutes.

PMID- 1088029
TI  - The contribution of right ventricular angiocardiography to the diagnosis of
      tricuspid valvular stenosis (Observations made on 3 patients).
AB  - The right ventricular angiocardiographic findings, in the anterioposterior
      projection, are described on three patients with tricuspid valvular stenosis.
      During diastole, the tricuspid valve was delineated as an arcline contour, placed
      between the non opacified right atrium and the opacified right ventricle, and it
      was displaced to the left of the spine. Its mobility was diminished. Right
      ventricular angiocardiography seems to be a useful method for the diagnosis of
      the tricuspid valvular stenosis and the estimation of the pathology and the
      functional condition of the tricuspid valve. The method is recommended for
      further evaluation.

PMID- 1088030
TI  - Polycardiographic study of atrial flutter.
AB  - The modifications that atrial flutter determines on the phonocardiogram,
      apexcardiogram, carotid pulse tracing, jugular venous pulse tracing, and indirect
      (esophageal) left atrial pulse tracing were studied. On the basis of the data
      here presented and that of the literature, a polygraphic profile of atrial
      flutter has been constructed as follows: notable variability of the intensity and
      of the richness of the vibratory components of the first and second heart sound;
      regularly alternating intervals between successive atrial sounds, each one of
      which consists of two groups of vibrations; deformations of all mechanographic
      tracings corresponding with "F" waves of the ECG. The interpretation of various
      polygraphic reports contributes to the understanding of the physiopathogenesis of
      atrial flutter.

PMID- 1088031
TI  - Serum magnesium concentrations in atrial fibrillation.
AB  - Serum magnesium and digoxin levels were obtained in 13 nontoxic patients with
      atrial fibrillation due to chronic rheumatic heart disease receiving digoxin for
      the control of ventricular rate and heart failure. Fairly good correlations were
      made between serum digoxin levels and ventricular rates. Hypomagnesemia was quite
      common (7 out of 13) and mean magnesium serum levels were significantly lowered
      in total as well in 7 hypomagnesemic patients, as compared to in healthy
      controls. Magnesium sulphate was successfully used in patients with magnesium
      deficiency to control the ventricular rates.

PMID- 1088032
TI  - Haemodynamic diversity and plasma renin activity in labile arterial hypertension.
AB  - Haemodynamic studies were made on 31 patients with labile hypertension at rest
      and during exercise. Plasma renin activity (PRA) was measured in 8 of them. Five
      haemodynamic types could be recognised and they could be arranged into two
      groups. The first was characterised by an increase of calculated peripheral
      resistance, sometimes permanent, sometimes revealed by effort, sometimes in
      relation to an increased cardiac output; this would appear to predict the
      development of permanent hypertension. The second group was characterised by
      normal systemic resistances, adapted to the cardiac output which was either
      normal or increased; the significance of labile hypertension in these cases was
      uncertain; from the haemodynamic studies one was unable to distinguish a
      transient emotive hypertension from potential permanent hypertension. The PRA was
      raised in the supine position and greatly increased by an orthostatic posture in
      the 8 patients tested, suggesting therefore an underlying neuro-adrenergic
      mechanism. In some patients with labile hypertension the haemodynamic tests were
      normal at rest and during effort. Others had different responses, which may be
      the result of varieties of hyper-sympathetic activity, either pure or
      predominantly beta-adrenergic (increased cardiac output, peripheral resistance
      adapted to the output) or combined beta and alpha (increased cardiac output with
      raised peripheral resistance) or mainly alpha-adrenergic (normal cardiac output,
      increased peripheral resistance).

PMID- 1088033
TI  - Late spontaneous closure of a large ventricular septal defect.
AB  - The authors report a case of a large ventricular septal defect with pulmonary
      hypertension, cardiomegaly and heart failure in early infancy, exhibiting marked
      improvement at five years of age. Subsequent followup, revealed spontaneous
      closure of the defect demonstrated by hemodynamic studies between 7 and 8 years
      of age, at which time the patient became completely asymptomatic with
      disappearance of all abnormal physical findings.

PMID- 1088034
TI  - Double atrial parasystole. Case report.
AB  - A 62 year-old man with hiatal hernia and complex atrial arrhythmia is reported.
      On the standard electrocardiogram a double atrial parasystole is found, with
      reversed coupling. During carotid sinus massage only one of the parasystolic foci
      is not influenced, and assumes the atrial activity, regularizing the cardiac
      rhythm.

PMID- 1088035
TI  - Severe coarctation with similar pressure at four limbs. Clinical,
      catheterization, angiographic and surgical data of one case.
AB  - In patient with severe coarctation of the aorta, arterial pressures were similar
      at the four limbs due to departure of both subclavian arteries from the
      descending aorta. The clinical clues to the diagnosis and the hemodynamic,
      angiocardiographic and surgical data are presented.

PMID- 1088036
TI  - Arthritis and heart lesions. A study of 25 cases with pericarditis or valvular
      lesions associated to inflammatory joint disease.
AB  - Clinical and laboratory data of 25 patients with inflammatory joint disease and
      pericarditis or valvular heart disease are reviewed. The patients were divided in
      two groups: 11 presented pericarditis and 14 valvular heart disease. The patients
      studied presented a spectrum of diseases ranging from classical sero-positive
      rheumatoid arthritis to ankylosing spondylitis. Acute rheumatic fever was in no
      case the actual joint disease. In contrast to the patients with valvular heart
      disease nearly all patients with pericarditis were rheumatoid arthritis factor
      positive and signs of a generalized systemic disease with vasculitis were also
      more frequent. In the pericarditis group there was no sex difference in contrast
      to the valvular group where females were more often affected. The heart lesions
      were usually detected late in the course of the chronic joint disease. Valvular
      heart disease occurs not only in ankylosing spondylitis but also in rheumatoid
      arthritis, usually the sero-negative type. In the light of a survey of the
      literature, the pertinent findings are discussed.

PMID- 1088037
TI  - [Immediate and long-term results of surgery of the tricuspid valve. APropos of 62
      operated cases].
AB  - Operative and late results in a series of patients operated on the tricuspid
      valve (replacement or annuloplasty) at the moment of surgery upon mitral and
      aortic valves are reported. Functional tricuspid insufficiency carries a greater
      risk than organic tricuspid disease. Considering the duration of the underlying
      mitral disease, four grades are set up for the mitro-tricuspid patient allowing
      for prognosis and indication of the type of surgery to be done on the tricuspid
      valve.

PMID- 1088038
TI  - The angiocardiographic appearance of the endocardial cushion defect in selected
      transposition and malposition complexes.
AB  - Although the angiocardiographic features of the endocardial cushion defect (ECD)
      have been well described in the patient with two normally related ventricles (D
      ventricular loop in situs solitus) and normally related great arteries, little
      attention has been focused on the angiocardiographic appearance of the ECD in
      patients with complex cardiovascular disease. Because of recent surgical advances
      in the treatment of single ventricle and double outlet right ventricle complexes,
      it has become increasingly important to document the status of the
      atrioventricular valves in these patients. The angiocardiographic features of the
      ECD are therefore described in two patients, one with D-loop, single left
      ventricle and outlet chamber, D-transposition of the great arteries, bilateral
      conus and pulmonary stenosis and the other with dextrocardia, situs inversus,
      double outlet right ventricle, common atrioventricular canal and pulmonary
      stenosis. In both patients, the left ventricular outflow tract, despite aortic
      mitral discontinuity, is characterized by elongation, scalloping and serration,
      and the classic appearance of the "gooseneck" deformity is observed on left
      ventricular angiography. It thus appears that aortic-mitral continuity and two
      well-formed, normally related ventricles and great arteries are not invariable
      necessary to the manifestation of the "gooseneck" deformity in the patient with
      complex cardiovascular disease and associated endocardial cushion defect.

PMID- 1088039
TI  - The electromechanical interval in normal subjects and after myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - The electromechanical interval (EMI) was measured in 25 normal males, 56 male
      patients with a myocardial infarction and 6 patients with a ventricular aneurysm.
      In the normal subjects the EMI was found to be unrelated to the heart rate but
      the isovolumic contraction time was inversely related to the heart rate. The EMI
      was increased after myocardial infarction but this increase did not occur in
      patientswho had a non-transmural infarction when they had not had any previous
      myocardial infarction. The increase was more marked in the patients with a
      ventricular aneurysm. It is suggested that the prolongation of EMI is due to
      areas of abnormal left ventricular wall movement and that this effect may be a
      useful aid to the diagnosis of ventricular aneurysm.

PMID- 1088040
TI  - Haemodynamic alterations of the left ventricle during right atrial pacing.
AB  - The left ventricular haemodynamic alterations during right atrial pacing were
      studied in 12 cases. Cardiac index varied little: during maximal rate however,
      its mean value was slightly lower than the resting one. Stroke index decreased
      inversely to the heart rate. The course of these indices did not separate the
      normal from abnormal cases. Ventricular function curves (VFCs) were constructed
      by relating the changes of left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure (EDP) to
      those of stroke index (SI). In 4 normal cases the curves were steep, showing a
      fall of EDP with relatively large decrease of SI; in 3 cases of congestive
      myocardiopathy they were flat, showing fall of EDP in two and increase in one,
      with relatively small decrease of SI; in 5 patients with effort angina LVEDP
      initially decreased. This initial fall of VFCs was steep in two with normal and
      flattened in three with impaired resting LV function. Increase of EDP, evidently
      due to development of ischaemia, followed in all; it exceeded resting EDP in two
      out of three cases developing angina and in one out of two not developing angina.
      Our findings support the view that the increase of LVEDP is due to decrease of
      both myocardial contractility and compliance.

PMID- 1088041
TI  - Anomalous coronary arterial pattern.
AB  - The clinical history of an adult patient with anginal-like pain is described. A
      coronary angiography revealed the existence of a hypoplastic left coronary
      artery, a right coronary artery which passed around the posterior surface of the
      heart and continued into the anterior surface of the heart to give off an
      anterior descending artery and the presence of a "conus" artery. The embryonic
      genesis of hypoplastic coronary artery and of a similar aberration, single
      coronary artery, are discussed.

PMID- 1088042
TI  - Multiple coronary arteriovenous fistulae.
AB  - A case with multiple congenital coronary arteriovenous fistulae is reported. The
      right coronary artery was communicating with the right ventricle. The left
      coronary artery was entering directly into the pulmonary trunk and two terminal
      branches of the anterior descending into the left ventricle. The direct
      communication of the left coronary artery without interposition of an accessory
      artery or a circoid plexus is met for the first time.

PMID- 1088043
TI  - Pseudo-retrograde conduction in complete A-V heart block due to ectopic His
      bundle activity.
AB  - A case with complete A-V heart block in whom retrograde P- waves following some
      of the ventricular complexes were due to an ectopic junctional activity with the
      characteristics of parasystole is reported. His bundle electrogram showed an
      infrahisian block. After administration of 1 mg atropine intravenously the
      retrograde P- waves were detached from the ventricular automatic complexes and an
      H' deflection preceded each inverted P- wave with an H'-A' interval of 40 msec.

PMID- 1088044
TI  - Prenylamine inhibition of isoproterenol induced myocardial lesions. Histochemical
      and ultrastructural findings.
AB  - Eighty Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. All of them received 10 mg/kg i.p.
      isoproterenol (ISP). The animals were sacrificed at 5 min. (groups A and B) and
      24 hours (groups C and D). Groups A and C served as control of group B and D.
      Group B also received 9 mg/kg prenylamine (P), 30 min before ISP and group D 9
      mg/kg P, 1 hour before and 1 hour after ISP. Transversal slices of each heart
      underwent the following procedures: hematoxilineosin, Barbeito-Lopez trichromic,
      "ischemia stain", acid phosphatase stain and standard electron microscopy. Group
      A and C showed positivity for ischemic techniques; necrotic and ischemic zones
      represented, in average 25.1 +/- 1.4% of the myocardial volume. Group B and D
      (ISP + prenylamine) showed no significant lesions. Group D (ISP + prenylamine,
      sacrificed at 24 hours) presented complete absence of "infarct-like" lesions in
      17 out of the 20 studied animals. No evident changes in acid-phosphatase enzymes
      were detected. Animals treated with ISP alone presented "contraction bands" at
      electron microscopy as well as myofibrillar fragmentation. Those receiving also P
      showed only light alterations, in the electron microscopy specimens. A primary
      action of ISP on the calcium pump might explain the infarct-like lesions found in
      our study. The inhibition of these above mentioned lesions by prenylamine, a drug
      which acts by slowing down the ca transport, also supports this interpretation.

PMID- 1088045
TI  - Mechanical alterations of the left ventricle during right atrial pacing.
AB  - The effect of increasing heart rate by right atrial pacing on the peak value of
      the first derivative of left ventricular (LV) pressure(dp/dt) and the maximal
      velocity of the contractile element (KVmax) was studied in 12 cases. Peak dp/dt
      was poor as regards its sensitivity in reflecting the changes of contractility,
      due to its strong dependence on LV end-diastolic (EDP) and systolic pressure.
      KVmax increased constantly in the 4 normals and in 2 cases of ischaemic heart
      disease which did not develop angina; the increase exceeded 90 ml sec-1 in the
      former and one of the latter cases in which resting LV function was normal. In
      contrast, it decreased during the development of ischaemia in two of the three
      cases which developed angina; in the third case, in which also resting LV
      function was seriously impaired, the course of KVmax was almost flat. A similar
      flat course was observed in the three cases of congestive myocardiopathy. the
      above alterations of KV max were independent of the EDP and proportional to the
      basic contractility and its anticipated changes during pacing.

PMID- 1088046
TI  - [Electrophysiologic study of fenoxedil chlorhydrate].
AB  - Electrophysiologic studies were carried out on 10 patients before and during
      therapy by Fenoxedil Chlorhydrate a new anti-arrhythmic drug, to determine the
      effects on cardiac conduction. Fenoxedil Chlorhydrate produces a constant
      alteration of intra-nodal conduction. Modification of sinus function are less
      evident. Auricular and ventricular refractory periods are increased in the
      majority of cases. These results give a better understanding of mecanism of this
      drug, and helps in its prescription in clinical practice.

PMID- 1088047
TI  - Magnesium and the heart.
AB  - Magnesium is a most important cation in the body mostly distributed in the
      skeleton, muscles and liver. The most important causes of magnesium deficiency in
      the body include wide range of gastrointestinal disorders, diuretic therapy,
      endocrine disorders, renal diseases, alcoholism, etc. The demonstration of
      hypomagnesemia in patients of digitalis toxicity is of great clinical
      significance since magnesium can be replaced among these patients and toxicity
      and mortality due to this drug can be minimised. In patients with low serum
      magnesium, the cellular content of this ion may be normal. Therefore, it is of
      great interest to study the myocardial level of this ion in cardiovascular
      diseases. The clinical features of magnesium deficit are related to neuromuscular
      disorders. However, ST and T waves changes are quite commonly seen in the
      electrocardiogram and cardiac arrhythmias rarely have also been described.
      Magnesium administration on the other hand causes hypotention, bradycardia, and
      conduction defects. Magnesium depresses central nervous system, neuromuscular
      transmission and conductivity of the heart. Magnesium therapy is indicated when
      clinical features of magnesium deficiency are present in association with low
      serum or tissue levels.

PMID- 1088048
TI  - [A case of malignant pheochromocytoma].

PMID- 1088049
TI  - Scientific meeting on critical evaluation of cardiac rehabilitation: conference
      summary.

PMID- 1088050
TI  - Left ventricular aneurysmectomy for refractory tachyarrhythmias: report in 11
      postinfarction patients.
AB  - Between January 1970 and August 1974, eleven postinfarction patients underwent
      left ventricular aneurysmectomy for refractory tachyarrhythmias. Ten suffered
      from ventricular tachycardias and one from supraventricular tachycardia. All had
      localized aneurysms and normal contractions of the surrounding myocardium on
      angiocardiography. None suffered from significant angina, congestive heart
      failure or papillary muscle dysfunction. The diagnosis was first suspected at
      fluoroscopy, the latter being in our opinion a most reliable screening method for
      the recognition of these cases. There was one hospital death after surgery. The
      remaining ten patients are now free from further arrhythmic attacks for a follow
      up period between fourteen months to five and a half years. These results confirm
      that in some carefully selected postinfarction patients, left ventricular
      aneurysmectomy without concomittant aortocoronary bypass may result in the
      elimination of medically intractable tachyarrhythmias.

PMID- 1088051
TI  - Prognostic value of intraventricular conduction blocks in acute myocardial
      infarction.
AB  - An intraventricular conduction defect complicated 61 out of 765 cases of acute
      myocardial infarctions. The defect, with the exception of two cases, always
      developed in infarctions affecting the anterior wall of the heart. Compared with
      the other acute anterior myocardial infarctions in which the mortality in the
      Coronary Care Unit was 15%, infarctions complicated by intraventricular
      conduction defects have on the whole, presented a worse clinical course and a
      higher mortality rate (54%). It must be stressed that clinical course and
      mortality rate have been very different in the various conduction defects. The
      most innocuous conduction defects were the anterior fascicular block, and, with
      some reserve, the right bundle branch block too, defects in which the clinical
      course and the mortality rate were not significantly different from those of the
      other anterior myocardial infarctions not complicated by intraventricular
      conduction troubles. On the contrary clinical course was more serious and
      mortality rate higher (52%) in the cases in which the two defects were
      associated. Myocardial infarctions complicated by left bundle branch block, right
      bundle branch block with posterior fascicular block, alternating bundle branch
      block presented an extremely serious clinical course and a very high mortality
      rate (over 85%). These differences in the clinical course and in the mortality
      rate of the various intraventricular conduction defects are explained by the fact
      that they are associated with myocardial damage of different degree, which is
      clarified by knowledge of the blood supply of the intraventricular conduction
      system.

PMID- 1088052
TI  - Surface maps and myocardial scanning at rest and during exercise: comparison with
      coronary angiography.
AB  - The observations of surface electromaps recorded at rest and during exercise in
      two examplative cases are reported: the first one deals with a normal man while
      the second refers to a patient suffering from an old inferior myocardial
      infarction with bouts of angina pectoris; these surface maps are compared with
      myocardial scanning also performed at rest and during exercise. Special attention
      is devoted to the possible relation of the above described, non-invasive,
      techniques to the anatomical description of coronary lesions as demonstrated by
      coronary angiography. A close relationship is found between the surface potential
      distribution pattern and the area of hypofixation observed on the scan as far as
      the presumed location of ischemic myocardial tissue is concerned.

PMID- 1088053
TI  - Polysplenia with left ventricular hypoplasia and partial anomalous pulmonary
      venous connection.
AB  - A case is reported of left ventricular hypoplasia associated with anisosplenia.
      Even though congenital heart malformations are frequently found in cases of
      splenic anomalies, the association of polysplenia with hypoplastic left heart
      syndrome is extremely rare. The existence in addition of partial anomalous
      pulmonary venous connection of the right pulmonary veins to the right atrium,
      gave us the possibility of study the different changes in pulmonary arteries wall
      thickness in both lungs.

PMID- 1088054
TI  - Prinzmetal's variant angina.
AB  - Two patients are described with a typical Prinzmetal's variant angina. Both
      patients were young, active males with angina of recent onset. They experienced
      angina only at rest and in one patient the angina had a cyclic character
      appearing only between 4 and 10 a.m. In both patients there was no correlation
      whatsoever between the angina pectoris and effort, emotion or change in
      temperature and the angina reacted promptly to nitroglycerine sublingually. The
      number of attacks and the intensity of the pain were increasing rapidly over a
      short period of time in both cases. The stenoses in both patients did not exceed
      50% of the lumen of the coronary arteries, but coronary surgery has been
      performed on clinical grounds because both patients were completely disabled and
      one of them suffered from life-threatening dysrhythmias. For respectively 18 and
      6 months after saphenous vein bypass surgery both patients have been symptom-free
      and able to resume their work. The problems concerning the diagnosis Prinzmetal's
      variant of angina pectoris are discussed.

PMID- 1088055
TI  - [Hepatic lesions and coagulation disorders in pulmonary embolism: a clinico
      pathological case].
AB  - The authors described the case of a 49-patient suffering from obstructive broncho
      pneumopathy and ischemic myocardiopathy complicated by multiple pulmonary
      embolism. The clinics were dominated by signs of major hepatic deficiency and of
      intravascular disseminated coagulation with fibrinolysis. The clinical and
      biological parameters evoking pulmonary embolism in that intricated chart were
      discussed.

PMID- 1088056
TI  - [Regeneration of the crystalline lens in anuran amphibia in the postembryonal
      stage. Experimental excision of the crystalline lens in Rana esculenta and
      Xenopus laevis larvae].

PMID- 1088057
TI  - [X-ray documentation of the anamnesis and physical data in patients with
      rheumatism within the scope of the medical information system WAMIS].
AB  - A computerized on-line system of evaluating of symptoms and physical data in
      rheumatology is presented. Case history, previous treatment, and physical
      examination are documented. The documentation of the latter may be performed in
      two ways: one records only joint symptoms, the other includes joint measurements.
      In comparison to the former off-line method, all data are much better available.
      Moreover, we believe it to be considerably timesaving. This system should also
      allow an electronic differential diagnosis of rheumatic diseases, after
      completing laboratry and X-ray documentation.

PMID- 1088058
TI  - [Effect of distraction by various forces on the elbow joint in rabbits].
AB  - The elbow joints of 115 adult live rabbits have been subjected to experimental
      distraction by various forces and for different intervals. The forces applied
      were one tenth and one half, respectively, of the mean body weights; thus, a
      calculated reduction of one eleventh and five elevenths, respectively, of the
      force transmitted through the articulating joint surfaces was achieved. The
      distraction was performed for periods of 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The forces were
      administered by means of an extraarticular device which allowed motion of the
      joints. Controls had been provided for to prove the noneffectiveness of the
      distraction device per se to the joint structures under study. Both upper limbs-
      one side always served as control--were subjected to radiological,
      histological/histochemical, angiographic and cytological examination; cartilage
      in addition was treated by vital staining or, alternatively, by producing
      splitting lines. The results were as follows: (1) Extensive local and more
      generalized hyperemia involving the whole limb in question was produced
      regardless of strength and duration of distraction. (2) Under all experimental
      conditions subsynovial hemorrhage and hemarthrosis developed. (3) Subsynovial
      hemorrhage caused the development of granulomatous and, subsequently, fibrous
      synovitis with simultaneously demonstrable hemosiderin depots. (4) Hemarthrosis
      was persistent during the entire period of observation. (5) Articular cartilage
      revealed moderate signs of degeneration and also irregularities of the usual
      pattern of splitting lines after continuous distraction for 8 weeks. At the same
      time, subchondral bone atrophy appeared. Vital staining revealed increased
      cartilage staining under mild distraction; moderate and marked distraction caused
      definitively less staining. Subsynovial hemorrhage and hemarthrosis are explained
      as partial vacuum effects. Concerning the moderate cartilage changes, a
      multifactorial genesis is presumed; the possible role of chemical, nutritional
      and mechanical factors is discussed. The widespread hyperemia most likely is
      caused by mechanical stimulation going along with joint distraction; capsular
      hyperemia might be a phenomenon immediately related to synovitis. Finally, the
      experimental results are discussed relative to observations made during clinical
      traction therapy.

PMID- 1088059
TI  - [Comparative electrophysiological studies in cone dysfunction syndromes. Part
      III. Electroretinogram in total color blind (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088060
TI  - [Chemical and pharmacodynamic study of the derivatives of 2,4-dimethoxybenzoic
      acid].

PMID- 1088061
TI  - [Complete alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency in a patient with Ehlers-Danlos
      syndrome].
AB  - Complete alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency of the type PiOO associated with chronic
      obstructive lung disease, cutaneous hyperextensibility and hyperlaxity of joints
      were found in a nineteen-year-old Moroccan boy. On a nosological point of view,
      this patient could be included as a 8th form, in the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome which
      now groups seven clinical variants. A causal relationship between the biological
      deficiency and the clinical alterations (pulmonary, cutaneous and articular)
      could be assumed according to the biological and ultrastructural findings.

PMID- 1088062
TI  - [Activity inhibiting leukocyte migration in human sera of healthy subjects and of
      subjects with delayed hypersensitivity and findings of possible serum factors
      with antagonistic activity (author's transl)].
AB  - The AA. have tested human sera from subjects with a clinical condition of delayed
      hypersensitivity (TBC and eczematous contact dermatitis) in order to detect
      factors affecting leukocyte migration in agarose plates. They found either
      inhibiting or stimulating factors of cellular migration. According to the most
      recent data about the same area they emphasyze a sort a regulatory mechanism of
      LIF or factors with activity LIF-like, due to antagonistic substances present in
      sera of their patients. Furthermore they suggest a list of factors able to
      inhibit or to enhance cellular migration.

PMID- 1088063
TI  - The response of alpha-motoneurons of different size to stretch and vibration of
      extensor muscles after injection of 5-hydroxytryptophan in spinal cats.
AB  - 1. Vibration of the GS muscle at 100/sec, and the peak-to-peak amplitude of about
      100 mu, produced slight reflex activity of homonymous and heteronymous alpha
      motoneurons in the spinal, unanesthetized cat. 2. Intravenous injection of the 5
      HT precursor 5-HTP (25 mg/kg, L-form) performed in the spinal preparation
      facilitated the responses of single extensor alpha-motoneurons to both vibration
      and stretch of the corresponding muscle. The 5-HT antagonist methysergide (0-5
      mg/kg i. v.) blocked almost completely the facilitation of the vibration and
      stretch induced motoneuronal discharges produced by 5-HTP in the spinal cat,
      indicating that the facilitation was 5-HT specific. 4. A comparison of the types
      of alpha-motoneurons participating in the reflex responses elicited by the
      different stimuli in the spinal cat following injection of 5-HTP showed that both
      small-tonic and large-phasic alpha-motoneurons take part in both stretch and
      vibration reflexes. 5. It is concluded that the alpha-motoneuron pool of the GS
      muscle represents an homogenous population, no matter what kind of synaptic drive
      is used for its activation, and that the susceptibility of a motoneuron to
      discharge depends on the amount of the afferent excitatory input rather than on
      the modalities of sensory stimulation.

PMID- 1088064
TI  - Preparation and testing of goat anti--thymocyte globulin.
AB  - This study details methods of production, purification and testing of large
      volumes of uniformly potent, non-toxic, anti-human thymocyte globulin (ATG).
      Plasma from 70 goats immunised with human thymic lymphocytes was fractionated by
      ammonium sulphate precipitation to its IgG component. Contaminating antibodies
      were removed by absorption methods. After fractionation and absorption, ATG
      retained its ability to inhibit the formation of rosettes by human lymphocytes
      with sheep red blood cells. Antibodies to human glomerular basement membrane were
      not detected in any tested preparation. Tests performed on monkeys, mice and
      rabbits revealed low toxicity.

PMID- 1088065
TI  - [Experimental studies on the possibility of influencing mast cells in
      experimental carrageenin-induced rat paw edema. Histological study on the effects
      of some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (author's transl)].
AB  - The protective effect on mast cells of some non-steroid antiphlogistics in the
      carrageenin-induced edema of the rat hind paw was studied with histological
      methods. The number of the mast cells was counted in the inflamed connective
      tissue of unpretreated animals and also such pretreated with acetylsalicylacid,
      phenylbutazone and indometacin and the results of the test periods were compared
      with one another. The number of mast cells in the inflamed connective tissue of
      unpretreated animals was reduced in comparison to the controls during the first 5
      35 min after inflammation. Six hours after inflammation the number of mast cells
      increased. Our investigations demonstrated that the used antiphlogistics produced
      a significant reduction of mast cell degeneration during the first 5-70 min after
      inflammation. The results are discussed.

PMID- 1088066
TI  - [Interposition meso-caval shunt for haemorrhage or ascites in hepatic cirrhosis.
      Report of twenty-eight cases (author's transl)].
AB  - The results are set out of emergency or electiver surgery for bleeding
      oesophageal carices or for intractable ascites in hepatic cirrhosis. The
      procedure adopted, a meso-caval shunt with prothesis interposition, led to a low
      percentage of thrombosis, markedly lowered portal pressure, and gave effective
      clinical results. Although angiography indicated that the portal flow to the
      liver had dropped considerably, or even ceased altogether, the bad effect on
      liver function and the incidence of encephalopathy seemed reduced than generally
      reported after porta-cava shunts. No deaths occurred among the patients for who
      surgery had been planned, but the rate was still high in emergency cases. This
      indicates that although well tolerated, the interposition meso-cava shunt is best
      performed after careful pre-operative selection and preparation.

PMID- 1088067
TI  - [Present position of non-shunt surgery for bleeding oesophageal varices (author's
      transl)].
AB  - This is a critical retrospective study of a homogeneous group of 24 patients with
      hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension who underwent emergency surgery for
      bleeding oesophageal varices. The adopted procedure was the porta-azygos
      disconnection, according to Torres-Degni, with or without splenectomy. The
      criterion derived from the need to stop bleeding, from contraindications to a
      portal-systemic shunt, or from other situations which are illustrated. The
      difficulty of selecting in these cases the appropriate surgery and the high
      operative death rate (46%) is commented. In survivors, the long-term outcome
      depends on the progress of the underlying liver disease.

PMID- 1088068
TI  - [Dissection-ligation of the oesophagus according to Vosschulte for bleeding
      varices (author's transl)].
AB  - Ligation of the oesophagus on a Vossschulte prosthesis provides interruption of
      the venous back-flow in gastro-oesophageal wall occurring in portal hypertension,
      and therefore renders more effective the disconnection techniques used for
      oesophageal varices when liver function is too severely impaired to permit a
      portal-systemic shunt. According the literature and their own initial experience,
      the Authors stresse the possibilities of the method in controlling active
      haemorrhage and preventing further bleeding, and discusse its possible
      complications, represented by portal thrombosis, fistulae and oesophageal
      stenosis. Unlike shunts, this procedure does not give rise to any worsening in
      hepatic function, but should nevertheless seriously considered especially if the
      oesophago-gastric junction is radically isolated.

PMID- 1088069
TI  - [Further comments on changes in hepatic function after interposition meso-caval
      shunt (author's transl)].
AB  - Further to a previous paper, the Authors followed up ten cirrhotic patients who
      had all undergone meso-caval shunt with Dacron prosthesis, for ascites or
      haemorrhage, Functional and anzymatic investigations were carried on over periods
      up to 10 months. No constant changes in hepatic function parameters were found
      during the post-operative period, compared to those before surgery. This
      observation suggests that these investigations might be more useful in defining
      liver disease than in practical assessment of transient, post-operative liver
      failure.

PMID- 1088070
TI  - [Postoperative gastrointestinal hemorrhages after pulmonary resections (author's
      transly].
AB  - Postoperative gastrointestinal hemorrhages are a infrequent complication of
      pulmonary resections. Nevertheless they are threatening seriously patient's life
      because a critical illness as gastrointestinal hemorrhage in such casses hit
      patients whose vital functions are compromised from recent thoracic surgery. The
      pathogenetic questions, as well critical problems of diagnosis and treatment, are
      discussed on the basis of three observed cases.

PMID- 1088071
TI  - Aspecific transfer factor in children with Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Six children suffering from Hodgkin's disease (HD), in different stages and free
      from chemo- and radiotherapy from at least four weeks, were treated with transfer
      factor (TF). PPD skin test, PHA-responsiveness, E-rosettes, B-lymphocytes were
      checked before TF therapy, after 6 and 9 TF doses and compared to the data at the
      onset of the disease. Two children with HD who did not receive TF, were examined
      as controls. PPD skin tests, PHA-responsiveness, E-rosettes did not ameliorate
      following TF treatment, while it has been noticed an increase in B-lymphocytes,
      both in percentage and absolute number. The Authors conclude that TF might have
      induced a slight B lymphoproliferation.

PMID- 1088072
TI  - [Receptors for murine red blood cells on normal lymphocytes and in chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia].
AB  - The ability of unfractionated and purified B and T peripheral lymphocytes to form
      rosettes EAC and E with sheep and mouse red blood cells was assessed in thirty
      healthy controls and in five patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. E mouse
      rosettes is a marker of B cells in man and its percentage in peripheral blood
      lymphocytes is 9.3% in normal subjects on the contrary patients with CLL had a
      high rosette count with mouse red blood cells (mean 57%) and a low count with
      sheep red blood cells (mean 13.7%).

PMID- 1088073
TI  - Alfa-antitrypsin increase in lung cancer.
AB  - The Authors controlled the content of A1AT in the sera of 100 patients with L.Ca.
      As controls there were examined: 20 cases of metastatic neoplasm of the lung, 5
      cases of systemic sarcomatosis, 10 cases of acute bacterial bronchopneumonia, 4
      cases of bronchiectasis and emphysema. Moreover, the levels of A1AT was studied
      in 15 pl.fl., neoplastic and not, in comparison with the levels of the sera. None
      of the controls demonstrated an increase in A1AT, excepting the cases of acute
      bronchopneumonia, in which the levels were very high but only for a few days. The
      results indicate that in more than 90% of the L.Ca. the level of the A1AT is
      significantly higher than in the sera of the controls, with possible variations
      during the disease. There is a clear trend towards increase parallel with the
      worsening of the condition of the patients. A course of chemotherapy may bring
      down the levels, proportionally to the length and intensity of the treatment.
      After discontinuance, the level increases again more or less quickly, reaching
      the previous values.

PMID- 1088074
TI  - [Behavior of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies against measles and rubella
      in a group of children with chronic hepatitis].
AB  - The Authors studied the amount of anti-measles and anti-rubella heteroantibodies
      during chronic hepatitis and the possible role of these antibodies in eliciting
      and maintaining the hypergammaglobulinemic picture, characteristic of this morbid
      condition. The results they obtained in an almost exclusively pediatric case-list
      (37 cases) show, whenever the contact with these viruses (measles and rubella)
      occurred, a percentage of subjects with comparatively higher levels among chronic
      liver patients in comparison with control patients, of the same age. The
      percentage of subjects with previous rubella infection and hemagglutination
      inhibiting antibody levels higher than 1:256 is about 45% among chronic liver
      patients, compared with 13% in healthy subjects. As far as measles virus is
      concerned the percentage drops from 11% to 4%. The most reliable hypotheses to
      explain this interesting phenomenon, which, however, does explain only partially,
      and concerning some cases only, the entity of the hypergammaglobulineamia, are
      set forth briefly.

PMID- 1088075
TI  - [Studies on various parameters of the T-dependent lymphocyte system in the course
      of osteosarcoma].
AB  - Some parameters of the T-lymphocyte dependent system have been studied in 20
      patients with osteosarcoma. The functional condition of T lymphocytes, stimulated
      with mitogens (PHA and Con-A) has been investigated by evaluating DNA
      neosynthesis by means of the incorporation of the tritiated thymidine in
      lymphocyte cultures. The percentage of rosette-forming T l-mphocytes with sheep
      erythrocytes has been assessed. The findings would indicate a constant inhibition
      of DNA biosynthesis in patients with osteosarcoma, only in correspondence of PHA
      stimulation. This finding would agree with E rosette pattern. In this case also
      neoplastic patients do show, in comparison with the controls, a constant drop of
      the number of T lymphocytes forming rosettes with sheep erythrocytes.

PMID- 1088076
TI  - [Recent studies concerning the effect of phytohemagglutinins (PHA) on the rosette
      E formation from the part of peripheral human lymphocytes].
AB  - In a previous paper it was demonstrated that the treatment of human peripheral
      lymphocytes with phytohaemagglutinin increases their ability to form E-rosettes,
      probably inducing rosette formation also by B-lymphocytes. In this paper new data
      are reported concerning the machanism of this phenomenon.

PMID- 1088077
TI  - Human T and B lymphocytes separation on Sepharose C-3 " activated " columns.

PMID- 1088078
TI  - [Rhythmic changes in lymphocyte subpopulations of human peripheral blood].

PMID- 1088079
TI  - Investigation of anti-insulin antibodies by the radiochemical ethanol
      precipitation method.

PMID- 1088080
TI  - [Characterization of lymphocytes in satellite lymph nodes in neoplasms].

PMID- 1088081
TI  - [Mathematical model of the immune response].
AB  - A model of immune reaction is suggested, ahich takes into account the delay in
      the development of an immune response. The model depending on parameters values
      describes: an asymptotic decrease of antigene quantity, approach of its quantity
      towards constant value, periodic course of the illness, unlimited growth of the
      antigene quantity. It is shown that the course of the reaction essentially
      depends on the duration of delay. Parameters regions corresponding to different
      regimes are determined.

PMID- 1088082
TI  - [Histochemical studies of the sensitivity of frog retinal cells to stimulus
      movement and flashes].
AB  - The technique of quantitative UV-cytophotometry of RNA was used for comparative
      study of the sensitivity of frog retina cells to the movement of stimuli and
      flashings. A corresponding set of stimulators which includes the movement of
      mounted stimuli and heterogenous flashings of diffuse light showed that a type of
      cells exists in the interior nuclear layer of the retina which is specifically
      sensitive to the movement. It is suggested that in the formation of this property
      a dynamic reciprocal lateral inhibition on the level between bipolar and amacrine
      cells takes place. Application of heterogenous flashing light allowed also to
      reveal functional variety of bipolar cells.

PMID- 1088083
TI  - [Relationship between quantitative modification of intracardiac reflex nervous
      activity and chronotropic effects on the heart].

PMID- 1088084
TI  - Biometric analysis of geographic variation and racial affinities.

PMID- 1088085
TI  - [Effect of damage to the zone of the medial forebrain bundle and preoptic area on
      the activiy of a penicillin-induced epileptiform focus (phenomenon of the
      hyperactive determinant dispatch station)].
AB  - It was shown in experiments on cats under nembutal anesthesia that a lesion of
      the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) and partly of the preoptic region at the side
      of local penicillin application on the cerebral cortex (g. suprasylvius medius)
      results in depression of the epileptiform activity in the penicillin-induced
      focus, as well as in the secondary "mirror" focus, which appeared in the
      symmetrical cortex area of the other hemisphere. The MFB lesion at the "mirror"
      focus side led to depression of the seizure spike potentials in this focus only
      and did not change the activity in the primary epileptiform one. The described
      effects are considered from the aspect of the conception on the role of the
      determinant dispatch station (DDS) in the central nervous system: the primary
      epileptiform focus plays the role of the hyperactive DDS which induces the
      secondary focus and determines the character of its activity. The results of the
      study substantiate a suggestion that the MFB can take part in the modulation of
      the cortical epileptiform activity.

PMID- 1088086
TI  - [NAG-infection in grass frogs (Rana temporaria) subjected to hypothermia].
AB  - Rana temporaria kept under hypothermic conditions approaching anabiosis were
      inoculated with NAG-vibrios and examined clinically, bacteriologically,
      histologically, and electron microscopically. Oral inoculation of hypothermic
      frogs with NAG-vibrios resulted in 18 to 24 hours in the development of acute NAG
      infection resembling the cholera-like syndrome, and characterized by general
      intoxication and local enteropathogenic effects. NAG-vibrios persisted in the
      frog gastrointestinal tract for a long time after the cessation of the acute
      period of the disease.

PMID- 1088087
TI  - [Phenomenon of human peripheral blood lymphocyte interaction with autologous
      erythrocytes].
AB  - Phenomenon of the lymphocyte interaction with autologous erythrocytes was
      revealed in the patients with auto-immune diseases. Macroscopically this
      phenomenon appeared in the form of hemagglutination, and microscopically--of
      "rosette" formation. No lymphocyte interaction with autologous erythrocytes was
      found in the group of normal subjects and patients without autoimmune disorders.

PMID- 1088088
TI  - [Functional activity of splenic T- and B-cells during the process of tumor
      growth].
AB  - Functional activity of B- and T-cells was studied in mice during the growth of
      the inoculated tumours; it appeared that in the course of the tumour growth the
      capacity of B- and T-cells to the interaction in the immunization with sheep
      erythrocytes was disturbed. B-cells were affected earlier than T-cells.

PMID- 1088089
TI  - Prolonged medial forebrain bundle unit responses to rewarding and aversive
      intracranial stimuli.
AB  - In unanesthetized cerveau isole rats, brief medial forebrain bundle (MFB) and
      dorsal midbrain reticular (RET) stimulus trains elicited prolonged MFB unit
      responses lasting up to ten or more seconds. On the MFB unit responses studied,
      the effects of MFB and RET stimuli were basically similar, although the
      stimulations were probably rewarding and aversive respectively. These data agree
      with the previously reported anatomical localization, in medial regions of
      thalamus and pallidum, of opposite single cell responses to the behaviorally
      opposite inputs, and suggest that unit responses to rewarding stimuli should not
      be characterized as reward-related when aversive stimuli elicit similar responses
      in the same unit.

PMID- 1088090
TI  - Infant rats: hypothalamic unit activity.
AB  - Single-unit recordings were made from lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) neurons of
      infant (8 through 21 days of age) male and female albino rats. Basal (or
      spontaneous) firing rates of LHA neurons were recorded for 20 min from rats 8
      through 21 days of age, and mean basal firing rates did not differ across ages.
      Basal firing rates of LHA neurons in infant rats ranged from less than 1
      spike/sec up to 27 spikes/sec, with 56% of the basal rates less than 1 spike/sec.
      Infant rats also received hypertonic saline injections (and control injections)
      to determine osmosensitivity characteristics of LHA neurons. Across ages, 56%-
      88% of LHA neurons were osmosensitive, with the highest percentages of
      osmosensitive units found in rats 14--21 days of age. Infant rats showed LHA unit
      electrophysiological characteristics that were quite similar to those obtained
      from LHA neurons in adult rats with respect to basal firing rates and
      osmosensitivity, however, LHA neuron activity in infants was not modulated by
      sensory stimuli as is frequently reported for adults. The results are discussed
      in terms of functional development of the LHA.

PMID- 1088091
TI  - Whole-body autoradiographic studies on the distribution of 14C-labeled D- and L-5
      hydroxytryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in rats.

PMID- 1088092
TI  - Co-operative effects of an inhibitor NH4+ and of an activator K+ on the acid
      secretory rate in frog gastric mucosa in vitro -- a multi-enzyme system.

PMID- 1088093
TI  - [Use of boerema's button in bleeding esophageal varices].

PMID- 1088094
TI  - Conference on intoxication due to alkymercury-treated seed. Baghadad, Iraq, 91-3
      September 1974.

PMID- 1088095
TI  - Progress in standardization: 4 immunological reagents.
AB  - The need for material standards in the field of clinical immunology, together
      with the mode of operation of the combined World Health
      Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies programme for the
      provision of such standards, are discussed. Attention is drawn to the importance
      of the use of International Units in reporting concentrations of complex
      constituents, e.g., immunoglobulins in body fluids, and to the availability of
      standard materials against which such components can be calibrated. The necessity
      for the standardization of nomenclature is also emphasized.

PMID- 1088096
TI  - Observations on the swarming and mating behavior of Anopheles culicifacies Giles
      in nature.
AB  - The mating and swarming behaviour of A. culicifacies Giles was investigated
      during December 1975 at a cattle shed near the village of Sattoki, Lahore
      District, Punjab, Pakistan. On average, swarming commenced 20.9 min before sunset
      (light intensity 1414.4 lx) and ended 21.0 min after sunset (5.4 lx) with pairing
      restricted to the period from 6.1 min before (467.2 lx) to 15.8 min after sunset
      (26.9 lx). The swarms were principally composed of males, with females entering
      only for mating. On average, copulation lasted 27.2 s and was completed in
      flight. Most females (71.8%) collected while mating had taken a partial blood
      meal either the previous evening or on the same evening as mating. All females in
      the swarms were nulliparous and 82.6% had ovaries developed to at least
      Christophers' stage IIa.

PMID- 1088097
TI  - Field studies of a rapid, accurate means of quantifying Schistosoma haematobium
      eggs in urine samples.
AB  - A new means of quantifying schistosome eggs has been adapted from the laboratory
      to the field. Urine from 510 individuals in areas of Kenya with a high prevalence
      of schistosomiasis haematobia was injected in aliquots of 10, 5 and 1 ml on to
      transparent Nuclepore filters, 13 mm in diameter. The filters were placed face
      down on glass slides and were read without staining at x40 magnification. The
      method has been shown to be accurate, sensitive, and reproducible, and also
      extremely rapid.

PMID- 1088098
TI  - Effect of sulfadoxine on transmission of Vibrio cholerae infection among family
      contacts of cholera patients in Calcutta.
AB  - Sulfadoxine, a long-acting sulfonamide, and tetracycline were compared as regards
      their effectiveness in reducing transmission of cholera infection among the
      contacts of cholera patients in Calcutta. A total of 109 healthy family contacts
      of confirmed hospitalized cholera patients were treated with a single oral dose
      of sulfadoxine graded according to age. Another similar group of 101 contacts
      received 6 divided doses of oral tetracycline over a period of 3 days. All these
      contacts were bacteriologically examined for 15 days. Results showed that
      tetracycline was effective in significantly reducing the load of cholera
      infection from the 2nd to 6th day, while sulfadoxine was effective from the 3rd
      to the 6th day. The advantages and disadvantages of the two drugs as
      chemoprophylactic agents in cholera are discussed.

PMID- 1088099
TI  - Doxycycline in the treatment of cholera.
AB  - Doxycycline was compared with tetracycline in the treatment of cholera. Four
      types of treatment were compared: Group A was given 200 mg of doxycycline on
      admission and 100 mg on the second day; Group B was given 200 mg of doxycycline
      on admission only; Group C was given 300 mg of doxycycline on admission only; and
      Group D received 500 mg of tetracycline every 6 h for 48 h. Tetracycline showed a
      slight advantage in respect of duration of diarrhoea and vibrio excretion
      compared with doxycycline given as a single dose of 300 mg, but fluid intake and
      output were about the same in these two groups. The other two doxycycline
      treatment schedules did not compare well with tetracycline treatment.

PMID- 1088100
TI  - Global surveillance of antibiotic sensitivity of Vibrio cholerae.
AB  - Strains of Vibrio cholerae-1156 from various parts of the world-were examined by
      standardized antibiotic sensitivity tests in one centre, to determine the global
      incidence of antibiotic resistance in this organism and to assess the extent to
      which differences in methods of sensitivity testing might be responsible for
      discrepancies in the reported incidence of resistant strains. Of the strains
      examined, 1127 were fully sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline,
      furazolidone, and three different sulphonamides, 27 showed stable and
      reproducible resistance to one or more of these agents, and 2 proved to contain a
      minority of cells with unstable, presumably plasmid-borne, resistance to chloram
      phenicol. Unstable resistance to antibiotics may be common in V. cholerae but
      rarely recognized, and may account for some of the discrepancies in the reported
      incidence of resistant strains.

PMID- 1088101
TI  - Value of phage typing of Vibrio cholerae biotype eltor in West Africa.
AB  - The epidemiological value of phage typing of El Tor vibrios in West Africa was
      assessed by testing 211 representative strains from all outbreaks of the cholera
      epidemic in Togo (1970-73) with the prophage typing method of Nicolle et al. and
      the lytic El Tor phages of Basu & Mukerjee. Prophage typing proved to be of
      limited epidemiological value in Togo since 203 of the 211 strains tested
      belonged to the same phage type-namely, type 2 of Nicolle et al., which
      corresponds to the Celebes type of Takeya. Six strains belonged to type 1, 1
      strain to type 4, and 1 strain was untypable.Tested by the lytic El Tor phages,
      175 strains were found to belong to type 4 of Basu & Mukerjee, 35 strains to type
      1, and 1 strain was untypable. All but two strains of type 1 were isolated from 3
      outbreaks in which this phage type was found almost exclusively. The results are
      in good agreement with epidemiological data collected during the epidemic. El Tor
      phage V reacted with a specificity of over 99% when tested against 601 strains of
      El Tor and NCV vibrios from Togo and may be recommended for the rapid
      identification of El Tor vibrios.

PMID- 1088102
TI  - Type B and non-B viral hepatitis in Jerusalem.
AB  - In a two-year survey of adult patients hospitalized with acute viral hepatitis in
      Jerusalem, 27% were reactive for the hepatitis B surface antigen (HB(s)Ag) by
      radioimmunoassay and therefore diagnosed as having hepatitis B. The majority of
      patients (73%) were non-reactive for HB(s)Ag and their diagnosis was non-B
      hepatitis ("type unspecifiable"). Thirty-one per cent of patients with hepatitis
      B and only 5% of patients with non-B hepatitis had histories consistent with
      parenteral transmission of hepatitis by blood transfusion or drug use. An
      additional 19% of the patients with hepatitis B had possible parenteral exposure
      and 50% had no obvious parenteral exposure, indicating that non-parenteral
      transmission of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) may be a significant epidemiological
      factor (50-69%) in the Jerusalem area. The prominent role of non-parenteral
      transmission of HBV is further evidenced by the relatively high prevalences of
      HB(s)Ag (0.97%) and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HB(s)) (19.0%)
      in healthy blood donors. These findings are consistent with the view that
      personal contact and intra-familial spread may be important factors in the
      epidemiology of HBV and indicate that non-parenterally transmitted HBV
      contributes significantly to endemic viral hepatitis in the Jerusalem area.

PMID- 1088103
TI  - Rough determination of the cost-benefit balance point of sanitation programmes.
AB  - Resources for sanitation programmes in developing countries are limited and
      therefore must be used judiciously to obtain the best possible effect. Cost
      benefit analysis is a tool that permits the better utilization of available
      resources. A simple method for rough determination of the cost-benefit balance
      point has been devised which requires little computation. To reduce the
      computations to a minimum, nomograms have been constructed which require little
      or no mathematical skill for their use. While the method falls short of
      perfection, its simplicity makes it useful for a rough evaluation of the benefits
      from sanitation programmes aimed at disease control in countries whose resources
      are not available for more sophisticated analysis.

PMID- 1088105
TI  - Validating a method of psychiatric case identification in Jamaica.
AB  - There is an urgent need for simple, reliable instruments for psychiatric research
      in developing countries. Limited resources, however, make the development of
      instruments de novo difficult. A simple method for establishing the validity of a
      method of case identification in a new population is described. A shortened
      version of a standard general health questionnaire was shown to be an effective
      method of identifying non-psychotic disorders in Jamaica, subject to a
      recalibration.

PMID- 1088104
TI  - Exposure to pesticides in agriculture: a survey of spraymen using dimethoate in
      the Sudan.
AB  - There is a need for objective data on the exposure of spraymen to pesticides in
      agriculture in order to assess minimum requirements for practicable protection in
      tropical areas. To provide data, a survey was carried out in the Sudan on
      spraymen using dimethoate. No cholinesterase depressions were found and the
      calculated dose received by each man per day was within safe limits in the
      circumstances of this survey. Respiratory exposure was only a minor part of total
      exposure. The methodology of such surveys is discussed and the need for the use
      of a standard protocol is emphasized.

PMID- 1088106
TI  - A comparison of serological tests for detecting antibody to plague.
AB  - A study was undertaken of the relationship between the passive haemagglutination
      and haemagglutination inhibition tests used in serum surveys for specific plague
      antibodies. Both techniques gave similar titres for sera of albino Rattus
      norvegicus convalescent from plague infection. They appear to be equally suitable
      for plague surveillance and control programmes.

PMID- 1088107
TI  - Chlamydiae as agents of sexually transmitted diseases.
AB  - Chlamydiae are being increasingly recognized as an important cause of human
      disease. The known geographical distribution of lymphogranuloma venereum and the
      role of chlamydiae as agents of sexually transmitted diseases are reviewed. The
      presence of chlamydiae in the urethra and the cervix, and their etiological
      relationship to genital infections, first recognized in connexion with ocular
      infections, have been proved in a number of studies in selected populations in a
      few countries. Chlamydiae appear to be the most important agent of nongonococcal
      urethritis, which in some cases appears now to be more frequent than gonococcal
      urethritis. In addition to their association with cervicitis, chlamydiae appear
      also to be fairly frequent in the cervix of apparently normal, asymptomatic, and
      sexually active women. The role of chlamydiae as agents of other human diseases
      still requires to be clarified. The organisms have been found in association with
      pelvic inflammatory disease, neonatal pneumonia, pharyngitis, and otitis. There
      is need for additional studies in view of the fact that effective chemotherapy is
      available. An outline is given of laboratory methods that may be useful for the
      diagnosis of chlamydial infections.

PMID- 1088108
TI  - Large-scale use of freeze-dried smallpox vaccine prepared in primary cultures of
      rabbit kidney cells.
AB  - A lyophilized smallpox vaccine made from infected monolayer cultures of primary
      rabbit kidney cells was used together with a calf lymph vaccine in a field trial
      in Lombok, Indonesia, in 1973. About 60 000 children below 15 years of age were
      vaccinated: some 50 000 with the tissue culture vaccine and about 10 000 with
      calf lymph vaccine. Similar results were obtained with both vaccines in primary
      vaccinees and in revaccinees as regards the take rate, pock reactions, and
      serious secondary reactions.

PMID- 1088109
TI  - Preliminary parasitological results of a pilot mollusciciding campaign to control
      transmission of Schistosoma mansoni in St Lucia.
AB  - A mollusciciding campaign was begun in Cul-de-Sac Valley, St Lucia, at the end of
      1970, following several years of epidemiological studies in which transmission of
      Schistosoma mansoni was found to be high in settlements on the valley floor but
      low in hillside settlements. Postcontrol (1971-73) findings in children, when
      compared with precontrol data and with data from an adjacent valley having a
      similar transmission pattern, show significant reductions in prevalence,
      incidence, and intensity of infection.

PMID- 1088110
TI  - Medical management of mycetoma.
AB  - A number of drugs and drug combinations were tested both in vitro and in vivo
      against pathogens causing actinomycetoma and maduromycetoma. Of 144 patients with
      actinomycetoma treated, 63.2% were cured, 21.5% showed great improvement in their
      condition, and 11.1% showed some improvement. Treatment was successful even when
      there was advanced bone involvement. The most effective treatments involved
      dapsone plus streptomycin sulfate or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim plus
      streptomycin. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus streptomycin or rifampicin plus
      streptomycin also gave good results. Griseofulvin plus penicillin showed some
      promise in the management of maduromycetoma caused by Madurella mycetomi but at
      the present time this should be used only as an adjunct to surgery. All mycetoma
      patients undergoing drug therapy should be carefully monitored and treatment
      should be temporarily suspended if anaemia or leucopenia develop.

PMID- 1088111
TI  - Nutritional status of children in Nepal, 1975.
AB  - Using a random start, fixed interval method of population proportionate sampling,
      the survey teams visited 219 villages in rural Nepal and collected data on
      height, weight, and age from 6501 preschool children. During training and at
      specific times during the survey, systematic standardization methods were
      utilized to improve the quality of the collected data. Using 80% of the reference
      median weight-for-height as the cut-off point, the prevalence of acute
      undernutrition was 6.7%. Using 90% of the reference median height-for-age as the
      cut-off point, the prevalence of chronic undernutrition was 52%. The prevalence
      of chronic undernutrition was significantly higher in the hilly areas. Mean
      haemoglobin values of blood samples collected from one-fifth of the survey
      population increased with age with no difference between hill and terai areas. A
      Nepal urban elite population was measured for comparison. The survey method used
      indicators that are economical in terms of money, time, and personnel and that
      provide objective data on the extent and distribution of protein/energy
      undernutrition and of low haemoglobin values in preschool children.

PMID- 1088112
TI  - Attitudes and practices of traditional birth attendents in rural Ghana:
      implications for training in Africa.

PMID- 1088113
TI  - Residues of DDT and its metabolites in human blood samples in Delhi, India.
AB  - Blood samples from 182 people in Delhi, India, were examined for DDT residues.
      All except 8 contained DDT and its metabolites. The average total DDT
      concentration in the whole blood ranged from 0.177 to 0.683 mg/litre in males and
      from 0.166 to 0.329 mg/litre in females. The DDT metabolites detected were p,p'
      DDE, p,p'-DDD, and o,p'-DDT. DDE accounted for most of the total DDT.

PMID- 1088115
TI  - [Disturbances of autoregulation in stroke. (4) The upper digestive system].

PMID- 1088114
TI  - Resistance of Salmonella serotypes to chloramphenicol.
AB  - A total of 704 Salmonella strains isolated from various sources were tested for
      their resistance to chloramphenicol. The results indicate that 36 out of 46
      serotypes, comprising 671 strains (95.4%), were sensitive to chloramphenicol up
      to a level of 10 mug per ml of medium. Most of the strains were sensitive at
      concentrations between 2 mug and 4 mug of chloramphenicol per ml of medium. None
      of the strains isolated from animals, including poultry, was resistant. The
      results indicate that in India resistance of Salmonella strains to
      chloramphenicol has not increased over the years though this may have occurred in
      other parts of the world.

PMID- 1088116
TI  - Periaortic denervation in reconstructive surgery of coronary vessels.
AB  - Stimulation of sympathetic nervous conductive pathways and ganglia innervating
      the heart leads to a sudden increase in the cardiac performance and to a
      qualitative change in the phasic blood flow within the coronary vascular bed.
      This so-called malignant increase in the blood flow is accompanied by relative
      coronary insufficiency and increased mechanical stress imposed upon the coronary
      arteries. A denervation operation according to Arnulf does not prevent the
      propagation of excitation from the right stellate ganglion to the heart. A
      complete denervation is obtained by additional cutting of the right-side
      postganglional fibres. Then in a dog no changes occur in the coronary arterial
      blood flow measured at rest during the operation. In reconstructive surgery of
      coronary vessels in man, after denervation the peroperative blood flow in the
      aortocoronary bypass to the anterior interventicular branch increases. After a
      surgical denervation operation, the prevention of propagation of sudden
      neurogenic stimuli via the cervical sympathetic segment to the heart ventricles
      is the most striking result. Such a "protection" of the heart might retard the
      development rate of coronary insufficiency accompanying the ischaemic heart
      disease.

PMID- 1088117
TI  - Primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a man.
AB  - Choriocarcinoma with a primary site in the chest is rarely found.
      Characteristically, it is seen in young men presenting with cough, gynecomastia
      and chest pain. The disease is invariably fatal. The presently accepted therapy
      (triple therapy), consisting of methotrexate, actinomycin D and chlorambucil, has
      been unsuccessful to date.

PMID- 1088118
TI  - Ischemic myocardial injury following aorto-coronary bypass surgery.
AB  - To assess the incidence of acute myocardial injury following aorto-coronary
      bypass surgery 151 patients (136 men and 15 women) were evaluated by studying
      serial preoperative and postoperative ECGs and SGOT, LDH and CPK levels. The mean
      age of men was 49.1 and of women, 53.1 years. Following surgery 15 patients
      (group I, 9.9 percent) developed new myocardial infarction as judged by Q wave
      criteria, 33 patients (group II, 22.5 percent) developed significant ST-T
      changes, and 103 patients (group III, 68 percent) had no significant ECG change.
      Mean postoperative SGOT values were: group I,126.2; group II, 100.6; and group
      III, 72.8. Only the difference in SGOT values between group I and III was
      significant (P less than 0.01). There was no correlation between type and site of
      surgery and the incidence of myocardial infarction. There were five deaths (3.3
      percent). The combination of death and diagnosed myocardial infarction amounted
      to 12.6 percent of patients for this widely used elective procedure.

PMID- 1088119
TI  - Aortic stenosis with coronary artery disease: dilemma of management.

PMID- 1088120
TI  - [Severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by pseudocyst of the pancreas head.
      Recovery by cephalic duodenopancreatectomy in emergency].

PMID- 1088121
TI  - [Results of conservative and surgical treatment of ascites].

PMID- 1088122
TI  - [Clinical aspects and therapy of portal hypertension from the view point of the
      internist].

PMID- 1088123
TI  - [Current aspects of surgery in portal hypertension].

PMID- 1088124
TI  - [Portacaval shunt in the treatment of portal hypertension with special reference
      to the arterialization of the intrahepatic portal circulation].

PMID- 1088125
TI  - [Circulatory dynamics and excitomotor currents. A preventive association in the
      prophylaxis of postoperative thrombosis].

PMID- 1088126
TI  - [Use of the aerosol film-forming preparation lifusol in acute hemorrhages of the
      upper portions of the gastrointestinal tract under experimental conditions].

PMID- 1088127
TI  - Effect of hypothalamic surgery on prolactin release induced by 5
      hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in rats.
AB  - Intravenous injections of varying doses of 5-HTP (1, 3 and 5 mg/100 g body wt), a
      precursor of serotonin, caused a significant and dose-related increase in plasma
      prolactin concentrations in urethane-anesthetized rats. Increases in plasma
      prolactin concentrations caused by 5-HTP (1 mg/100 g body wt iv) were abolished
      by the concomitant administration of L-DOPA (2 mg/100 g body wt iv). Plasma
      prolactin levels were also significantly elevated following the injection of 5
      HTP in rats with complete hypothalamic deafferentation, whereas 5-HTP had no
      significant effect on plasma prolactin levels in rats with extensive hypothalamic
      ablation. These results suggest that 5-HTP causes prolactin secretion by
      stimulating the serotoninergic mechanism in the hypothalamus.

PMID- 1088128
TI  - Cellular proliferation and density in relation to age involution of the rat
      thymus.

PMID- 1088130
TI  - [Responses of frog medullary neurons to stimulation of lingual chemoreceptors].

PMID- 1088129
TI  - Destruction of afferent nerve terminals in the inner ear of frog by aminooxyactic
      acid.
AB  - The drug aminooxyacetic acid, which inhibits GABA-transaminase, destroys the
      afferent nerve ending in the inner ear of the frog. The efferent nerve endings
      and the sensory cells are not affected.

PMID- 1088131
TI  - The hypoglycaemic action of tryptophan in the rat.

PMID- 1088132
TI  - The preparation of coproporphyrin III and its iron complex from Rhodopseudomonas
      spheroides.

PMID- 1088133
TI  - A study of plasma fibrinogen level and plasma fibrinolytic activity in normal &
      abnormal pregnancy.

PMID- 1088134
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of various pharmacokinetic parameters of tetracycline,
      orally administered alone or in combination with triacetyloleandomycin].

PMID- 1088135
TI  - Dissociation between cytotoxic activity and delayed hypersensitivity against
      syngeneic or allogeneic tumor grafts.
AB  - Cytotoxicity against tumor-specific antigen and allogeneic antigens in mice was
      raised by immunization with viable tumor cells in saline, but not by immunization
      with tumor cells in complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant. On the other hand,
      strong delayed hypersensitivity as demonstrated by macrophage migration
      inhibition was detected in the mice immunized with tumor cells in complete or
      incomplete Freund's adjuvant in both syngeneic and allogeneic systems. After
      immunization with viable tumor cells, delayed hypersensitivity was raised to a
      moderate degree in allogeneic, but not at all in syngeneic mice. Cytotoxicity was
      retained after a booster with syngeneic tumor cells in complete Freund's adjuvant
      in the mice which had been immunized with viable tumor cells. Cytotoxicity was
      raised after a booster with viable syngeneic tumor cells in the mice which had
      been immunized with tumor cells in complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant.
      Thus, the development of cytotoxicity depended entirely on the presence of viable
      tumor cells as an immunogen. Activation of helper T cells was not found in the
      syngeneic mice immunized with viable tumor cells or tumor cells in complete or
      incomplete Freund's adjuvant. In allogeneic mice, the activity was facilitated
      slightly by immunization with viable tumor cells or tumor cells in complete
      Fruend's adjuvant but not with tumor cells in incomplete Freund's adjuvant. This
      sytem may be useful for analytical studies on cellular immunity, since
      cytotoxicity, delayed hypersensitivity, and helper cell activation can be induced
      in dissociated forms.

PMID- 1088136
TI  - [Position and bony structures of the vestibular apparatus in the guinea pig].
AB  - The study of the inner ear of the guinea pig intended to give an explanation to
      what extent there are differences discernible in relation to the human labyrinth.
      Additional histological research should clarify the question, if structural
      differences exist in the osseous labyrinth capsule of the same animal. It has
      turned out that in normal headbearing the position of the semicircular canals
      deviates from the human vestibular apparatus. The semicircular canals are nearly
      vertical to each other, but in comparison to the human labyrinth they are shifted
      around the longitudinal axis of the utriculus caudal by ca. 30 degrees. In
      general the position of the vestibulo-cochlear organ is fixed to a great extent
      by the inclined course of the petrosal pyramid. This different position of the
      semicircular canals in man and animal is supposed to be due to the phylogenetic
      evolution and the adjustment to upright walk. Size and extension of the single
      semicircular canals are very different within the same animal. These differences
      in size indicate causalities of form and function. The relations in the build of
      the osseous labyrinth are extremely complicated. Compared to the other corporal
      regions the static parts of the petrosal pyramid are exceptional massive and of
      remarkable hard consistency. In the inner capsule of the ear there are three
      different bone strata to be seen. The characteristic lamel structure is most
      solid nearest to the semicircular canals. The fetal characteristics in the
      maturing process of the petrosal bone were traced a long while in the postnatal
      life. The typical building of the labyrinthal bone structures contributes to the
      mechanical stability of the capsule.

PMID- 1088137
TI  - [Studies of gamma-oryzanol. (2) The antiulcerogenic action].
AB  - Investigations were performed in male Wistar rats to determine the effects of
      gamma-oryzanol on circadian rhythm of stress ulcer and on various kinds of
      experimental ulcers, and the modification of antiulcerogenic action of this drug
      when combined with the inhibitors or precursors of amine metabolism. Circadian
      rhythms were observed in stress ulceration with a peak at 2 : 00 p.m. and a
      reduction at 8 : 00 p.m. The inhibitory action of gamma-oryzanol was significant
      when stress was loaded for 6 hr from 2 : 00 a.m., 5 : 00 a.m., 11 : 00 a.m. or
      2:00 p.m. An 8-day treatment with gamma-oryzanol, 100 mg/kg, s.c., showed a
      significant inhibition of fasting ulcer, while the 5-day pretreatment exerted
      slight effects on ulcers by pylorus-ligation or stress-atropine. A 10-day
      treatment with the same dose of gamma-oyzanol in acetic acid ulcers lowered the
      serum level of gastrin. Treatment with reserpine, alpha-MT or PCPA prior to
      stress loading abolished the anti-ulcer effect of gamma-oryzanol, 100 mg/kg, s.c.
      for 5 days in stress ulcer. Treatment with L-DOPA or 5-HTP revealed a tendency
      toward restoration of the anti-ulcer effect of gamma-oryzanol. It is suggested
      that the monoaminergic neuron system is involved in the anti-ulcer action of
      gamma-oryzanol.

PMID- 1088138
TI  - Measurement of 5-hydroxyindole compounds during L-5-HTP treatment in depressed
      patients.
AB  - L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP), and immediate serotonin precursor, was given to
      the hospitalized depressed patients in an open clinical trial of the Phase 2
      study for antidepressive effects of the agent. A relatively small dose, 150 mg
      orally for seven days, was employed, and seven of 14 patients responded to the
      treatment with mild or moderate amelioration of their depressive symptoms.
      Urinary excretion levels and plasma concentrations of three 5-hydroxyindole
      compounds, 5-HTP, 5-HT and 5-HIAA, were measured during the drug treatment.
      Approximately 70% of the orally administered dose of L-5-HTP was recovered from
      the urine of depressed patients. Major part of urinary indoleamine metabolites
      was free and conjugate 5-HIAA. Excretion levels of these compounds in urine were
      not consistently altered in the depressed patients as compared to those in normal
      subjects. Clinical response to L-5-HTP treatment  appeared to have some
      correlation with the biochemical measures in the depressed patients, that is, non
      responders exhibited significantly lower excretion levels of 5-HT and 5-HIAA in
      urine, and lower plasma levels of 5-HT than responders. Administered L-5-HTP may
      not be fully utilized in the depressed patients who did not react to the agent.

PMID- 1088140
TI  - [Change of pacemaker].

PMID- 1088139
TI  - [Myasthenia gravis].

PMID- 1088141
TI  - [Cor pulmonale].

PMID- 1088142
TI  - [Side effects of drugs].

PMID- 1088143
TI  - [Overdosage and poisoning].

PMID- 1088144
TI  - [Drug elimination and cumulation].

PMID- 1088145
TI  - [Are examinations fair?].

PMID- 1088146
TI  - [Anaphylactic shock].

PMID- 1088147
TI  - [Nurse training--a molding of attitudes].

PMID- 1088148
TI  - Total health.

PMID- 1088150
TI  - Current knowledge of virus hepatitis.

PMID- 1088149
TI  - Gynaecomastia: "uni-sex" everywhere.

PMID- 1088151
TI  - Some important concepts about decompression sickness.

PMID- 1088152
TI  - Social-psychological correlates of psychiatric impairment in Hong Kong.

PMID- 1088153
TI  - China community action pays off.

PMID- 1088154
TI  - Blue-light therapy.

PMID- 1088155
TI  - Profile of patients with serum antinuclear antibody (ANAB).

PMID- 1088156
TI  - Upper gastro-intestinal bleeding. One year study from Kashmir.

PMID- 1088157
TI  - Von Willebrand's disease with haemarthrosis (a case report).

PMID- 1088158
TI  - Intestinal malabsorption, obstruction, bleeding and perforation in primary
      amyloidosis (a case report).

PMID- 1088159
TI  - [Incidence of malignant cases in a rheumatic practice (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088160
TI  - [Immunologic responses in lung neoplasms].

PMID- 1088162
TI  - [Concordant deuteranomaly in monozygotic twin sisters (author's transl)].
AB  - Colorblind twin sisters were born from the marriage of a hemizygote with a
      carrier for colorblindness. The proof of monozygosity is given by the blood-group
      typing and the dermatoglyphs. The deuteranomaly is of the same degree in each but
      is more marked in one of the sisters. The mother has none of the microsymptoms
      sometimes found in carriers.

PMID- 1088161
TI  - Optimal strategies in immunology. I. B-cell differentiation and proliferation.
AB  - The optimal strategy available to the immune system for responding to a non
      replicating thymus-independent antigen is examined. By applying Pontryagin's
      maximum principle to a set of mathematical models of lymphocyte populations and
      their antibody production, it is found that the optimal strategy of bang-bang
      control appears robust. In a variety of structurely related biological models,
      similar behaviour is observed. The models that we consider assume that antigen
      triggers a population of B-lymphocytes. These triggered lymphocytes can either
      proliferate and secrete modest amounts of antibody or differentiate into
      nondividing plasma cells which secrete large amounts of antibody. For
      biologically reasonable parameter values it is found that for low doses of
      antigen, immediate differentiation into plasma cells is optimal, while for high
      antigen doses a proliferative state followed by differentiation is the best
      strategy.

PMID- 1088163
TI  - The frequency of 7S rheumatoid factors and 22S complexes in human sera with
      positive latex tests for rheumatoid factor.
AB  - In sera with positive latex tests for rheumatoid factors, the immunoglobulin
      class of the antiglobulins is influenced by the quantity of immunoglobulins
      present in the serum. Sera with 7S antiglobulins have high levels of IgG and IgA
      immunoglobulins.  22S complexes tend to be found in sera with high levels of IgM
      immunoglobulins. These findings suggest that the occurrence of antiglobulins and
      22S complexes may be influenced by the hypergammaglobulinemia.

PMID- 1088164
TI  - Restoration of diminished T-cell function in adjuvant induced disease by
      methotrexate: evidence for two populations of splenic T-cell suppressors.
AB  - Diminished splenic T-cell function, as measured by their response to
      phytohemagglutinin and Concanavalin-A, was noted only during the active phase of
      adjuvant induced disease. This diminished function is due to at least two types
      of suppressor cell: (a) cells which adhere to glass but not plastic, and which
      are sensitive to methotrexate in vitro; (b) cells which adhere to plastic and
      glass, and which are relatively insensitive to methotrexate in vitro.
      Methotrexate treatment in vivo inhibits adjuvant induced disease, and is
      associated with the absence of both types of suppressor cells in the spleen.

PMID- 1088165
TI  - Lymphopenia in Sjogren's syndrome with rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to
      lymphocytotoxic antibodies, cryoglobulinemia, and impaired mitogen
      responsiveness.
AB  - Lymphocyte subpopulation studies in 21 patients with Sjogren's syndrome and
      rheumatoid arthritis revealed an absolute lymphopenia and a normal percentage of
      T- and SIg-cells. In one patient, a large percentage of lymphocytes bore both IgG
      and IgM; after cell trypsinization only IgM was resynthesized. This surface IgM
      was capable of binding human IgG, suggesting that the presence of multiple
      classes of immunoglobulins on the surface of these lymphocytes was due to surface
      rheumatoid factor activity. Profound lymphopenia was associated with high
      concentrations of cryoglobulins and the presence of lymphocytotoxic antibodies.
      These antibodies were broadly reactive, causing cytotoxicity of T- and SIg-cells
      from normal subjects, from viral and lymphoproliferative disease subjects, from
      different organs, and SIg-cells from human lymphoblastoid cell lines. Lymphocyte
      transformation after phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen stimulation was
      impaired in comparison to normal subjects. Warm washing of the lymphocytes and
      purification to greater than 80 per cent T-cells did not restore mitogen
      responsiveness to normal, suggesting that cell coating by an antibody and
      diminished responder cell number were inadequate explanations for the impaired
      transformation.

PMID- 1088166
TI  - Therapeutic trials with levamisole and other agents in NZB/W mice.
AB  - The effects of levamisole, ribovirin, and cyclophosphamide in preventing the
      spontaneous autoimmune disease of NZB/W mice have been evaluated. These drugs all
      had a significant effect, both in delaying mortality, and in postponing the
      development of antinuclear antibodies and proteinuria. Single-stranded DNA linked
      to IgG was also used but had no demonstrable effect. The results of therapeutic
      studies in murine lupus must be interpreted with caution in relation to the human
      disease, but as both levamisole and ribovirin are now being used in man, our
      results suggest that further studies with these drugs are warranted.

PMID- 1088167
TI  - [Case report: Case of renal failure following massive hemorrhage].

PMID- 1088169
TI  - [Surgical complications of gastric and duodenal ulcers in adolescence].

PMID- 1088168
TI  - Effects of metabolic inhibitors and ouabain on static afferent discharges from
      the isolated frog muscle spindle.
AB  - Effects of metabolic inhibitors and ouabain on the rate of afferent discharges
      from isolated muscle spindle of the bullfrog were examined in vitro to elucidate
      the mechanism for generating afferent action potentials. Dinitrophenol, NaCN,
      iodoacetic acid, and ouabain gradually reduced the rate of discharges. These
      drugs were without direct effect on the nerve axon. The rate of discharges was
      also reduced by Li+, which is known to be minimally extruded from the interior of
      cells by an active transport mechanism. The rate of discharges remained
      approximately 50% in the presence of NaCN or in the absence of oxygen, suggesting
      that the energy required for the maintenance of the Na+-pump can be supplied to
      some extent in an anaerobic condition. It appears that the metabolic inhibitors
      and ouabain reduce the afferent discharges from the frog muscle spindle by
      affecting the Na+-pump in fibers of nerve terminals.

PMID- 1088170
TI  - [Early relaparotomy].

PMID- 1088171
TI  - [Acute intestinal obstruction due to intestinal hemorrhage in hemophilia].

PMID- 1088172
TI  - [Profuse hemorrhages from acute gastroduodenal ulcers and erosions].

PMID- 1088173
TI  - [Use of fibroscope for therapeutic purposes].

PMID- 1088174
TI  - The synthesis of porphobilinogen by immobilized delta-aminolevulinic acid
      dehydratase.

PMID- 1088175
TI  - Complications in cataract surgery.

PMID- 1088176
TI  - Herpes zoster ophthalmicus with abducens nerve inolvement.

PMID- 1088177
TI  - [Treatment of a case of acute pancreatitis using a local perfusion of kallikrein
      inhibitors].

PMID- 1088178
TI  - [Herpes zoster ophthalmicus hemorrhagicus associated with late skin porphyria,
      staphylococcal pyoderma and diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1088179
TI  - [Prevention of suppurative complications in penetrating injuries of the eyeball].

PMID- 1088180
TI  - [Pigment dystrophy of the cornea and conjunctiva].

PMID- 1088181
TI  - [Penetrating prosthokeratoplasty in burn and dystrophic leukomas of the cornea].

PMID- 1088182
TI  - [Evaluation of the functional state of B-lymphocytes in termal burns].

PMID- 1088183
TI  - [Serum trypsin inhibitors and autoantibody titre in hypertrypsinemia].

PMID- 1088185
TI  - [Molecular basis of immediate hypersensitivity].

PMID- 1088186
TI  - [Immobile and circular forms of Trichomonas vaginalis].

PMID- 1088187
TI  - [Recent acquisitions on immune tolerance and on modes of autoimmunization].

PMID- 1088188
TI  - [Immunology and rheumatic diseases. History and current aspects].

PMID- 1088189
TI  - [HL-A antigens in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1088190
TI  - Polytomographic delineation and variations of the vestibular aqueduct in adult
      humans.

PMID- 1088191
TI  - [Stress: a pathophysiologic view. Part II. (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088192
TI  - [Gastrointestinal bleeding in neurological diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088193
TI  - [Nephritogenic and rheumatogenic properties of streptococci of group C, type
      zooepidemicus. III. Experimental studies].

PMID- 1088194
TI  - [Epidemiology of neuroses in an urban population].

PMID- 1088196
TI  - [Some aspects of recovery and social rehabilitation of patients with post
      traumatic mental disorders].

PMID- 1088195
TI  - [Some aspects of lithium therapy].

PMID- 1088197
TI  - [Biochemical and polygraphic correlations and discordances in cerebral vascular
      comas].

PMID- 1088198
TI  - [Cerebral reticulosis with solitary granuloma].

PMID- 1088199
TI  - [Clinical and electroencephalographic study of allergic epilepsy].

PMID- 1088200
TI  - [Ocular manifestations of multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 1088201
TI  - [Sturge-Weber disease (study of a pair of discordant dizygotic twins)].

PMID- 1088202
TI  - [Crelizin; experimental and clinical data].

PMID- 1088203
TI  - [Consciousness, awareness and their prolonged disorders. A philosophical study
      and terminology].

PMID- 1088205
TI  - [Clinico-opthalmodynamometric and arteriographic correlations in transient
      cerebral circulatory insufficiency in the carotid area].

PMID- 1088204
TI  - [Research on the action of lioresal (Baclofen) and diazepam (Valium) in
      neurogenic spasmophilia (using an original method of polygraphic recording)].

PMID- 1088206
TI  - [Intraspinal enteric cyst].

PMID- 1088207
TI  - [Indications and limitations of cerebral biopsy as a method of investigation and
      of research].

PMID- 1088208
TI  - [Lipoma of the cerebellopontile angle].

PMID- 1088209
TI  - [Trends in neuropsychiatric research in prematurely born children].

PMID- 1088210
TI  - [Risk of familial recurrence of encephalocele].

PMID- 1088211
TI  - [Some aspects of psychosocial rehabilitation under conditions of relaxation
      therapy-autogenic training- in borderline psychiatric diseases].

PMID- 1088212
TI  - Significance of T and B lymphocytes in different chronic internal diseases with
      immune processes.
AB  - The T and B lymphocytes were determined by the rosette test in the peripheral
      blood of 100 patients with internal chronic diseases with immune processes such
      as: chronic hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, myasthenia gravis, chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia and lymphosarcoma. The values obtained were compared with
      those in 10 controls. The mean per cent values of the T lymphocytes in the
      controls were 33 (29-38%) and of the B lymphocytes 25.2 (16-43%). In the patients
      investigated the values varied, namely: in chronic hepatitis and systemic lupus
      erythematosus the T lymphocytes were generally low while the B lymphocytes were
      moderately high. In myasthenia gravis both T and B lymphocytes were below the
      control values. In chronic lymphocytic leukemias and lymphosarcomas the per cent
      values of the T lymphocytes were generally low while those of the B lymphocytes
      were high. The significance of these results for the immunologic implications of
      the lymphocyte populations is discussed and an attempt is made to correlate these
      data with the nucleologram variations.

PMID- 1088213
TI  - [Treatment of acute pancreatitis with proteinase inhibitors].

PMID- 1088214
TI  - [Classification and nomenclature of joint diseases].

PMID- 1088215
TI  - [Classification and nomenclature of rheumatic and joint diseases (reply
      concerning the article written by A. I. Nesterov and M.G. Astapenko)].

PMID- 1088216
TI  - [Clinico-pathogenetic characterization of inactive rheumatism as a special period
      in phasic evolution of the rheumatic process].

PMID- 1088217
TI  - [Immunological characterization of different variants in the course of
      rheumatism].

PMID- 1088218
TI  - [Clinical manifestations and function of the blood circulation system in elderly
      patients with rheumatism].

PMID- 1088219
TI  - [Levamisole - a new immunostimulant].

PMID- 1088220
TI  - [Immunological aspects of the study of rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1088221
TI  - [Association of von Willebrand's disease with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome].

PMID- 1088222
TI  - [Characteristics of the nuclear cells of peripheral blood in acute leukemia
      according to certain T- and B-lymphocytic markers].

PMID- 1088223
TI  - [T- and B-lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and synovial fluid in patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1088224
TI  - [Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: current conditions in Antwerp].

PMID- 1088225
TI  - Endoscopy in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1088226
TI  - [Sense and nonsense in radiology for the diagnosis and treatment of upper
      gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1088227
TI  - [Surgical therapeutic possibilities in upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1088228
TI  - [Production of purified antisera and pure antibodies to immunoglobulins G, M, A
      and isolation of these immunoglobulins from different substrates using
      immunosorbents].

PMID- 1088229
TI  - [Effect of sensory and sympathetic denervation of the frog tongue on the
      catecholamine containing cells of the taste buds].
AB  - The structure of catecholamine-containing dumb-bell shaped cells of the taste
      buds was studied by luminescent microscopy in the epithelial layer of the frog's
      tongue (Rana temporaria). On the unilateral section of the lingual nerve, a
      maintained adrenergic innervation of vessels and of the epithelium was observed,
      a decreased number of dumb-bell shaped cells in the taste bud, and their
      significant enlargement, and increased cathecholamine luminescence. With
      desympathization, no adrenergic nerves were observed on the vessels and the
      epithelium of the tongue. The size of the taste buds in desympathized cells of
      the tongue is sharply decreased and their number is increased. There is a
      tendency to grouping of the dumbbell shaped cells into 3--4 taste buds in one
      fungiform papillina. The experiments with sensory and sympathetic denervation of
      the frog tongue distinctly showed the trophic action of sensory and sympathetic
      nerves on the taste organ of the frog.

PMID- 1088230
TI  - [Mechanisms of action of synthetic polyelectrolytes and polyampholytes on the
      immune response].
AB  - We investigated the effect of polyacrilic acid (PAA) on the immune response in
      mice of various strains on sheep red blood cells and also the influence of poly-2
      methyl-5-vinyl-pyridine (PMVY), PAA and their statistical copolymers on antibody
      forming cells (AFC) production in cultures of T- and B-lymphocytes in vivo. PAA
      was seen to increase accumulation of AFC in the spleen of mice depending on their
      genotypes. PMVP and PAA were found to intensify the cooperating interaction of T-
      and B-lymphocytes, whereas their copolymers exert quite an opposite effect. The
      injection of copolymers to the recipients of cooperating T- and B-lymphocytes
      practically results in the complete elimination of the cooperation effect between
      T- and B-lymphocytes in the immune response to sheep erythrocytes without
      cytostatic action of cell proliferation.

PMID- 1088231
TI  - [Treatment of mastitis with UHF currents].

PMID- 1088232
TI  - [The tasks of Soviet rheumatology in light of the decisions of the 25th Congress
      of the CPSU].

PMID- 1088233
TI  - [Main results of carrying out the problem-oriented thematic plan of scientific
      research in rheumatology in 1971-1975].

PMID- 1088234
TI  - [Results of the scientific research on the problem of "Rheumatism and Joint
      Diseases in Childhood" carried out in the pediatric institutions of the USSR in
      1975].

PMID- 1088235
TI  - [Pathogenesis of bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1088236
TI  - [Quantitative changes in CRH granules in rat infundibulum after complete and
      partial adrenalectomy].

PMID- 1088237
TI  - [Electron microscopy of thymocytes after cell separation].

PMID- 1088238
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the causative agent of soft chancre].

PMID- 1088239
TI  - [Comments on the surgical treatment of rheumatic diseases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088240
TI  - Mechanisms of immunological hemolysis.

PMID- 1088241
TI  - Myasthenia gravis: mitotic activity of thymus-dependent and blood-lymphocytes.
AB  - The thymus and blood lymphocytes of 20 thymectomized patients with myasthenia
      gravis, including 3 cases of thymoma, have been studied for mitotic activity
      (spontaneous mitotic activity of native thymocytes, responsiveness of cultured
      cells to PHA, DNA-polymerase specific activity). The myasthenic thymus gland was
      found to be the site of a spontaneous DNA-synthesis of similar intensity as the
      mitotic activity of the thymus in infancy. This was also reflected by the DNA
      polymerase activity of the cells. While the thymocyte cultures responded well to
      PHA stimulation in 50% of the cases, the blood-lymphocytes were found
      unresponsive. There was a partial correlation between the individual parameters
      of mitotic activity, but practically none between the mitotic activity and the
      clinical severity of myasthenia or the histological features of the thymus or of
      thymoma. Except in the latter cases, a correlation was found between mitotic
      activity and preoperative immunosuppressive treatment. It is suggested that the T
      lymphocytes are not directly involved in the pathomechanism of myasthenia gravis.

PMID- 1088242
TI  - Cellular immune reactivity to nuclear antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The leucocyte migration test (LMT) was used for the study of cellular
      responsiveness to nuclear factors, i. e. to calf thymus desoxyribonucleic acid
      (DNA), calf thymus desoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP), calf liver ribonucleic acid
      (RNA), in 20 subjects with SLE and in 20 non-immunopathological cases serving as
      controls. The nucleic acid preparations were found to produce a positive LMT in
      the SLE-patients as well as in the controls. The proportion of positive responses
      reached its highest percentage in the cases of active SLE. Two cases were
      followed up by repeated LMT in the course of immunosuppressive treatment with
      cytostatics and/or antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) administration indicated by the
      activity of the process. The LMT proved suitable for assessing the intensity of
      immunosuppression by cytostatics or by ALG. A critical evaluation of the
      procedure is given. It is pointed out that inhibition and stimulation of
      migration are likewise manifestations of cellular immune responsiveness. Both
      inhibition and stimulation are more marked if serum-free nutrient is used.

PMID- 1088243
TI  - An observation of neonatal reticulosis. Sacrez disease.

PMID- 1088244
TI  - Functional significance of the ventral and lateral funiculi in the frog's spinal
      cord.
AB  - The spinal cord was transected at the level of calamus scriptorius either
      completely (spinal preparation) or partially (funicular preparation). In the
      operated frogs and in normal controls cranial and peripheral receptive fields
      were stimulated by natural stimuli. Results indicated that the information
      necessary for somatic activation of the protective flight ascends in the
      dorsolateral funiculus, which can be characterized as an ascending part of the
      reflex arc of somatotopically guided avoidance behavior. The tectal region is
      apparently a center of responses. The information necessary for activating
      different patterns of locomotion adequate to environmental conditions goes
      unilaterally through the ventral and ventrolateral funiculus. A diminished
      specificity of these motor patterns observed after injury of the ventrolateral
      funiculus seems to be related to a reduced feedback from the periphery. Lacking
      of aquatic pattern of limb movements (even when terrestrial patterns of
      locomotion were undisturbed), and drowning in water seem to be related to an
      injury of a vestibulo-spinal system in the ventral funiculus. It is concluded
      that the ventrolateral area of the frog spinal cord, i.e., the area between
      median fissure and dorsal root, forms a closed system providing afferent and
      efferent information sufficient to evoke normal behavior.

PMID- 1088245
TI  - Immunology and cancer.

PMID- 1088246
TI  - Approaches to selectivity in cancer chemotherapy.
AB  - Most chemotherapeutic agents utilized in the treatment of cancer have toxic
      effects, not only on tumor cells but also on the normal replicating cells of the
      body. Some of these toxic effects on the normal tissues by the drug may be
      diminished, or more promising is the utilization of more selective drugs based on
      differences between the normal and the neoplastic cell.

PMID- 1088247
TI  - Theory of allogeneic reactivity and its relevance to the T-cell response to
      normal and oncogenic cells.

PMID- 1088248
TI  - Contribution to the diagnosis of the visual part of the vestibulo-ocular reflex
      arc lesions.

PMID- 1088249
TI  - [The genetics of the protease inhibitor system and osteospongiosis. Statistical
      study in 199 patients].
AB  - Since the trypsin activity of the inner ear fluid appears to be essential in the
      evolution of otosclerosis towards a cochlear deafness it was obvious that the
      protease inhibitor system which is an excellent genetic marker ought to be
      studied during the onset and the evolution of otosclerosis. No differences with
      the statistical data from the normal population was found the origin of the
      trypsin that destroys the inner ear is to be found locally the histiocytes of the
      otosclerosis focus.

PMID- 1088250
TI  - [Bleeding duodenal varices. Report of a case (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088251
TI  - [Characteristics of epidemiology and pathomorphosis of tuberculosis at the
      present-day stage].
AB  - The article deals with data confirming changes in epidemiology of tuberculosis
      and its pathomorphism during the last years. A considerable decrease in the
      incidence rate among children, adolescents, young people is noted. Prevalence of
      tuberculosis and death rate have also dropped. Primary tuberculosis in children
      most often takes a form of minor bronchoadenitis, and in adults -- a form of a
      pulmonary process. As a result of natural and induced pathomorphism pulmonary
      tuberculosis in adults, particulary in old age, is accompanied by secondary
      nonspecific changes in various organs, which with years become more important in
      thanatogenesis.

PMID- 1088252
TI  - [Metachondromatosis: a diagnostic dilemma. Apropos of studies in a Puertorican
      family].

PMID- 1088253
TI  - [Effects of anti-thymocyte serum and antilymphocyte serum on the circulating
      thymic factor and on spontaneous rosette-forming cells of the spleen in mice].

PMID- 1088254
TI  - Effect of age on the gm:pi linkage.

PMID- 1088255
TI  - Two informative translocations involving chromosome 2.

PMID- 1088256
TI  - Family studies with the Gm:Pi linkage group.

PMID- 1088257
TI  - Data on the genetic linkage relationships between red cell acid phosphatase and
      alpha1-antitrypsin variants Z, S, I, and F.

PMID- 1088258
TI  - Two new heredo-familial corneal dystrophies.

PMID- 1088259
TI  - [Lymphocyte transformation test in patients with leprosy. Its significance as an
      indicator of cellular immunity].

PMID- 1088260
TI  - Impaired lymphocyte responses to PPD-tuberculin in advanced breast carcinoma.
      Increased reactivity after depletion of phagocytic or adherent cells.

PMID- 1088261
TI  - The use of 5-hydroxytryptophan in a child with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
AB  - The effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), a serotonin precursor, were studied
      in a boy with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. During the course of drug treatment, self
      mutilation, crying, sleep state architecture, serum dopamine B-hydroxylase (DBH),
      and cerebrospinal fluid levels of 5-hydroxyindolylacetic acid and homovanillic
      acid were studied. Treatment with 5-HTP failed to affect this child's biting
      behavior. However, the drug significantly reduced irritability as measured by
      crying time. Moreover, 5-HTP may have affected sleep state architecture, making
      it more normal in character. Serum DBH levels were normal throughout the study.
      Neither the patient's mother nor his maternal grandmother showed a hypertensive
      response on the cold pressor test.

PMID- 1088262
TI  - [Organizational model and prospects in the development of a special rheumatologic
      unit with the character of a department].

PMID- 1088263
TI  - [Pharmacologic activity of pyrimidoindole derivatives].
AB  - The spectrum of the psychotropic activity of a number of new pyrimidoindole
      derivatives and the relation between their chemical structure and activity were
      studied experimentally. The research was done on mice by employing tests usually
      applied in estimating neuroleptics and antidepressants of tricyclic structure.
      The study of indole derivatives are shown to display a sedative action. 5-methyl
      derivatives of pyrimido- and tetrahydropyrimido [3,4-a] indole without any
      substituent in the 2nd position are 5-oxytryptophan antagonists. The 2,5
      dimethyltetrahydropyrimido [3,4-a] indole derivatives electively potentiate the
      central effect of 5-oxytryptophan and display in experiments a specific spectrum
      of the pharmacological action, resembling antidepressants by a number of tests.
      As concerns their activity these compounds, however, are inferior to
      amitriptyline and pyrasidol.

PMID- 1088264
TI  - Nutrition education in the dental curriculum.

PMID- 1088265
TI  - The dental school and the dental graduate, a mutual dependence.

PMID- 1088266
TI  - [Leukocyte facilitation in experimental tumors].

PMID- 1088267
TI  - Handling of induced hypercalcaemia in children with rheumatic and rheumatoid
      affections.
AB  - Induced hypercalcemia in rheumatic and rheumatoid children revealed the following
      : 1. Rheumatic and rheumatoid patients deal more effectively with induced
      hypercalcemia than control children. 2. A higher percentage of infused calcium in
      these patients is retained. This may by due to higher calcitionin activity
      relative to controls. 3. Induced hypercalcemia resulted in an increase in urinary
      17 OH C.S. This is suggested to be due to stimulation of the adrenal cortex.
      These findings suggest that calcium infusion is an effective additional measure
      in the treatment of rheumatic and rheumatoid affection in the absence of
      contraindication to calcium.

PMID- 1088269
TI  - Dendrite bundles of the ventral horn cells of the thoracic portion of the spinal
      cord in cats.

PMID- 1088268
TI  - Cerebellar projection to the nuclei of the superior olivary complex and trapezoid
      body: an experimental study on rabbits with the anterograde degeneration method.

PMID- 1088270
TI  - Topography of the nuclei and distribution of acetylcholinesterase activity in the
      septum of the telencephalon in man.

PMID- 1088271
TI  - Cyto- and myeloarchitecture of the nucleus of the oculomotor nerve in the dog.

PMID- 1088273
TI  - Formation of the chordae tendineae of the right atrioventricular valve in the
      human heart.

PMID- 1088272
TI  - The influence of phoschlor on the supraoptic nucleus in the white rat.

PMID- 1088274
TI  - Intrahepatic ramifications of the portal vein in various periods of life in man.

PMID- 1088275
TI  - Anastomoses of the arteries supplying the descending and sigmoid colon in man.

PMID- 1088276
TI  - The arterial system in the cat kidney.

PMID- 1088277
TI  - A rare variation of the extensor indicis muscle.

PMID- 1088278
TI  - Effect of aging on regeneration of glandular secretion in rat salivaries.

PMID- 1088279
TI  - Radiological spectrum of tuberculosis in children.

PMID- 1088280
TI  - Tuberculosis in India.

PMID- 1088281
TI  - Problem of tuberculosis in children in India epidemiology, morbidity, mortality
      and control programme.

PMID- 1088282
TI  - alpha I-anti trypsin enzyme estimation in normal Indian children--an unrecognised
      inherited.

PMID- 1088283
TI  - Effect of aspirin on blood fibrinolysis, coagulation and their correlation to
      bleeding tendencies.

PMID- 1088284
TI  - Incorporation of newly formed lecithin into peripheral nerve myelin.
AB  - Radioactive choline was used to study the metabolism and movement of choline
      containing phospholipids in peripheral nerve myelin of adult mice. Incorporation
      at various times after intraperitoneal injection was measured in serial segments
      of sciatic nerve as well as in myelin isolated from those segments. At no time (1
      h to 35 days) could a proximal-distal difference in the extent of labeling be
      demonstrated. This finding suggests that incorporation of precursor choline
      phospholipids into nerve membranes is a local event, with little contribution
      from the neuronal perikaryon via axoplasmic transport. Autoradiographic
      investigations were undertaken to elucidate the pattern of movement of
      radioactive choline-labeled phospholipids, predominantly lecithin, into the
      myelin sheaths of the sciatic nerve. A sequence of autoradiographs was prepared
      from animals sacrificed between 20 min and 35 days after a microinjection of
      precursor directly into the nerve. Analysis of these autoradiograms revealed that
      labeling is initially concentrated in the Schwann cell cytoplasm. Later, the
      label moves first into the outer regions of the myelin sheaths and is eventually
      distributed evenly throughout the inner and outer layers of the sheath. At no
      time is there a build-up of label in the axon. The rate of uptake of precursor
      and subsequent redistribution of lecithin into the myelin were also examined in
      frog sciatic nerve (18 degrees C). Both uptake and redistribution processes were
      considerably slower in the cold-blooded animal.

PMID- 1088285
TI  - Control of chromosome behavior in amphibian oocytes. II. The effect of inhibitors
      of RNA and protein synthesis on the induction of chromosome condensation in
      transplanted brain nuclei by oocyte cytoplasm.
AB  - We studied the effects of actinomycin D, alpha-amanitin, puromycin, and
      cycloheximide on the cytoplasmic activity of maturing Rana pipiens oocytes that
      induces chromosome condensation in transplanted brain nuclei. Treatment of
      oocytes with each inhibitor suppressed the chromosome condensation induced by
      metaphase oocytes to varying degrees depending upon the dose of inhibitor,
      despite the fact that untreated metaphase I oocytes already possessed chromosome
      condensation activity (CCA). Treatment of brain nuclei before injection
      completely suppressed condensation at all doses used. Chromosome condensation
      induced by metaphase II oocyte cytoplasm, however, was insensitive to all the
      inhibitors, even when the brain nuclei were pretreated. Oocytes treated with
      alpha-amanitin throughout maturation induced chromosome condensation when tested
      at metaphase II. Removal of the oocyte chromosomes after the germinal vesicle
      (GV) broke down did not prevent the development of CCA, whereas removal of the
      entire GV before initiation of maturation deprived oocytes of CCA. The results
      suggest that metaphase I oocyte cytoplasm stimulates synthesis of brain nuclear
      RNAs that are translated into proteins necessary for chromosome condensation,
      whereas metaphase II oocytes possess all the factors for chromosome condensation.
      In both cases, GV nucleoplasm appears indispensable for the development of CCA,
      whereas immediate activity of the oocyte genome is not required.

PMID- 1088286
TI  - [Adaptation of the body to weightlessness].

PMID- 1088287
TI  - Verruca plantaris: a review of the problem.
AB  - Verruca plantaris, caused by papovavirus, is frequently seen in patients between
      the ages of 12 and 16 years. Some type of tissue destruction is used in most
      methods of treatment. The author discusses electrodesiccation which the considers
      the treatment of choice as excellent cosmetic results are usually obtained and
      recurrences are minimal.

PMID- 1088288
TI  - Tuberculosis in children (pattern of intrathoracic lesions in hospitalised
      patients).

PMID- 1088289
TI  - Observation of nude mice lymphocytes by use of the freeze fracture method.

PMID- 1088290
TI  - In vivo bound antinuclear antibodies in skin of SLE patients. Report on two
      cases.

PMID- 1088291
TI  - Effects of ATP on the membrane currents and tension components of bullfrog atrial
      muscle.

PMID- 1088292
TI  - Immunogenicity of lysozyme derivatives lipid-conjugated to various degrees in
      mice treated with and without cyclophosphamide: dissociation of delayed-type
      hypersensitivity and helper function.
AB  - Lysozyme and a series of its lipid-conjugated derivatives without adjuvant were
      examined in mice for their abilities to induce delayed-type hypersensitivity
      (DTH), helper T-cell activity, and antibody formation. In addition, the effect of
      cyclophosphamide (CY) on the immune responses was assessed in mice immunized with
      these lysozyme derivatives. Precipitated lysozyme without lipid conjugation was a
      good inducer of both antibody and DTH responses. Lipid conjugation to lysozyme to
      intermediate degrees readily caused the failure only in inducing the antibody
      response. As lysozyme was lipid-conjugated more heavily, DTH response was also
      reduced and finally abolished. In contrast, the helper activity was little
      affected by any degree of lipid conjugation. These results indicate that the
      helper T-cell activity was dissociated from the both DTH response and the
      antibody production. CY pretreatment extensively enhanced DTH response induced by
      such lipid-conjugated derivatives that failed to induce antibody response.
      Furthermore, CY pretreatment in doses in a wide range enhanced not only DTH
      response but also antibody formation. It is, therefore, concluded that the
      enhancement of DTH response by CY does not necessarily entail suppression of
      antibody formation.

PMID- 1088293
TI  - Analysis of the slow excitatory postsynaptic potential in bullfrog sympathetic
      ganglion cells.
AB  - The ionic mechanism of the slow excitatory postsynaptic potential (slow EPSP),
      i.e. the muscarinic action of acetylcholine (ACh), was studied either by
      stimulating preganglionic nerves or by applying ACh in curarized sympathetic
      ganglion cells of bullfrogs. There are three different types of cells
      characterized by the effects of membrane hyperpoliarization on the amplitude of
      slow EPSP. One group of cells showed an increase in amplitude (type 1 cell) and,
      in two other groups of cells, it remained unchanged (type 2 cell) or decreased
      (type 3 cell), when the membrane was hyperpolarized. Under the muscarinic effects
      of ACh, the slope membrane conductance was increased (type 1 cell), unchanged
      (type 2 cell) or decreased (type 3 cell) at 10-20 mV hyperpolarized levels, while
      it was unchanged (type 1 cell) or decreased (types 2 and 3 cells) at resting and
      depolarized levels. In all cells, the slow ACh potential, corresponding to the
      slow EPSP, was almost completely suppressed in a high K+, Ca2+-free, Na+-free
      solution. These results suggest that the slow EPSP is generated by increases in
      Na+ and Ca2+ conductance and also by a simultaneous decrease in the K+
      conductance.

PMID- 1088294
TI  - The muscarinic effects of acetylcholine on the action potential of bullfrog
      sympathetic ganglion cells.
AB  - The direct effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on Na+- or Ca2+-dependent action
      potentials of curarized sympathetic ganglion cells in bullfrogs were investigated
      under a condition where membrane depolarization caused by the muscarinic action
      of ACh was nullified by means of a hyperpolarizing current. ACh decreased the
      after-hyperpolarization of Na+-action potentials in Ringer's solution, and
      increased the after-depolarization of Ca2+-action potentials in the isotonic Ca2+
      solution. In both solutions, the maximum rates of rise of the spikes were
      decreased and the slope membrane resistance at the original resting level was
      increased. The effects of ACh were abolished by atropine. On the other hand, ACh
      showed no significant effects on action potentials of bullfrog spinal ganglion
      cells which possessed no synapses. These results suggest that the ion conductance
      channels for generation of action potentials of sympathetic ganglion cells are
      under the direct control of transmitters, such as ACh.

PMID- 1088295
TI  - [Dynamics of ECG after aorto-coronary shunting in myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1088296
TI  - Structure-activity relationship and the mode of action of corticosteroid feedback
      on the secretion of corticotrophin-releasing factor (corticoliberin).

PMID- 1088297
TI  - Spontaneous regression of sarcoma.
AB  - Three pathologic processes generally regarded as nonneoplastic conditions are
      presented and discussed as examples of poorly controlled proliferations of
      lymphoid tissue. A study of these three disorders (infectious mononucleosis,
      hyperthyroidism, and Dilantin-induced lymphadenopathy) provides clues to an
      understanding of the pathogenesis and occasional spontaneous regression of the
      malignant lymphomas.

PMID- 1088298
TI  - [Use of placental suspensions in the complex treatment of children with pulmonary
      tuberculosis].

PMID- 1088299
TI  - [Use of purified tuberculin in standard dilutions for complex treatment of
      children with pulmonary tuberculosis].

PMID- 1088300
TI  - [Changes in the circulating blood volume and blood coagulability in acute
      gastrointestinal hemorrhages after substitution of blood loss].

PMID- 1088301
TI  - Viral genes and cell surface differentiation proteins of the mouse.

PMID- 1088302
TI  - An unexpected effect of L-5 hydroxytryptophan-ethyl-ester combined with a
      peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor on human serum prolactin.
AB  - While the 5-HT precursors tryptophan and 1-5-HTP cause an increase in serum
      prolactin concentration, a combination of 1-5-HTP with a peripheral decarboxylase
      inhibitor was found to reduce the serum prolactin concentration. This combination
      seemed to behave like a DA agonist. This effect is not produced by the
      decarboxylase inhibitor per se. A possible explanation is that 5-HTP is converted
      to 5-HT in CA-ergic neurons, that 5-HT supersedes the CA from the stores, and
      that some of the CA reach the synaptic cleft and stimulate CA receptors. Another
      possible explanation is that 5-HTP decarboxylase is centrally inhibited as well,
      and that an effect of 5-HTP itself is involved here. In view of the observations
      made it is doubtful whether the therapeutic effect of 5-HTP combined with a
      peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor in depressions and myoclonus can in fact be
      atributed to activation of central serotonergic systems.

PMID- 1088303
TI  - [Study on tumor affinity of technetium-99m-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. (1)
      99mTc-pertechnetate, 99mTc-human serum albumin, and 99mTc-trasylol].
AB  - This paper describes biologic distributions, sequential images and
      macroautoradiograms of 99mTcO4 (pertechnetate), 99mTc-Sn-HSA (human serum
      albumin) and 99mTc-Sn-TSL (trasylol) in tumor-bearing mice as the first report on
      tumor affinity of 99mTc-labeled radiopharmaceutical. (1) Maximum tumor
      concentration (% administered dose/g of tissue weight) of 99mTcO4, 99mTc-HSA and
      99mTc-TSL in Ehrlich's tumor-bearing mice resulted in 2.03+/-0.57 at 1 hr, 4.02+/
      0.19 at 3 hr and 1.97+/-0.31 at 1 hr respectively. (2) However, tumor to blood
      concentration ratio of 99mTc-HSA was lowest among them. (3) The corrected tumor
      accumulation (% 100g dose/g of tissue wt.=% dose/% body weight) of 99mTc-TSL to
      Ehrlich's tumor in mouse was not different from that of Yoshida's sarcoma in rat,
      on the contrary to our expectation that the tumor concentration of 99mTc-TSL in
      them might be different due to differency of the tissue fibrinolytic activity
      between the respective tumors. (4) Sequential images of the implanted tumor in
      mouse was best positively delineated with 99mTc-HSA. (5) Macroautoradiograms of
      Ehrlich's tumor with 99mTcO4, 99mTc-HSA and 99mTc-TSL demonstrated the following
      findings: all of them were not only accumulated markedly into the tumor cells
      which were shown as basophilic tissue with Hamatoxylin-Eosin staining but also
      accumulated around the tumor tissue and on the interstitial tissue which were
      stained as eosinophilic tissue with the above same staining.

PMID- 1088304
TI  - [The fear of freedom of medicine].

PMID- 1088305
TI  - [Absorption of fibrinogen I-125 in the hepatosplenic form of schistosomiasis
      mansoni].

PMID- 1088306
TI  - [Calcification of the intervertebral disk in children. Report of a case].

PMID- 1088308
TI  - [Hemoglobin S in Brazilian blood donors].

PMID- 1088307
TI  - [Selective vagotomy with partial gastric resection in the treatment of duodenal
      ulcer: technic and results].

PMID- 1088309
TI  - [Chronic hemodialysis through a cadaver vein graft].

PMID- 1088310
TI  - [Bone scanning in prostatic carcinoma].

PMID- 1088311
TI  - [Doping in sports].

PMID- 1088312
TI  - [Mastering the clinical arts].

PMID- 1088313
TI  - [Monocytosis in pediatrics].

PMID- 1088314
TI  - [Good's syndrome. Clinical and immunological study].

PMID- 1088315
TI  - [Therapeutic efficacy of a new antirheumatic agent with optimal gastrointestinal
      tolerance: 2-phenyl-4,p-chlorophenyl-thiazol-5-ilacetic acid (Fentiazac)].

PMID- 1088317
TI  - Antigen perception by T lymphocytes. Influence of the major histocompatibility
      complex.
AB  - There is considerable evidence that T cell activation to soluble antigens occurs
      only if this is processed by macrophages and displayed appropriately on the
      plasma membrane in association with products of the genes of the major
      histocompatibility complex. The genes responsible differ according to the
      antigens involved. For cytotoxicity, targets and killer T cells must share K or D
      region gene products. For delayed type hypersensitivity to fowl gammaglobulin in
      mice, I-A identity is necessary; for dinitrofluorobenzene, identity at either the
      I, K or D region is sufficient. Experiments using three different approaches do
      not support the notion that these genetic constraints are due to the necessity
      for the T cell and stimulator cell to match an identical gene product or "cell
      interaction molecule." Rather they favour the hypothesis that activated T cells
      recognize antigen and products of genes of the major histocompatibility complex.
      The implications of the results are discussed in terms of the mode of action of
      immune responsiveness (Ir) genes and of the possible parallel evolution of T cell
      receptors for antigen and gene products of the major histocompatibility complex.

PMID- 1088316
TI  - [Rosenthal factor and rheumatic disease in infancy].

PMID- 1088318
TI  - [Effect of phytohemagglutinin on rosette formation by human peripheral
      lymphocytes (proceedings)].

PMID- 1088319
TI  - Rheumatic manifestations in myxedema.

PMID- 1088320
TI  - Immunological differences of Oncomelania.

PMID- 1088321
TI  - [Blood pressure disorders and cochleo-vestibular symptomatology].

PMID- 1088322
TI  - [Heterogeneity of T-cell populations. Proof of the non-identity of killer T-cells
      and helper T-cells].

PMID- 1088323
TI  - [Polymorphism in the liver esterases of grass frogs].

PMID- 1088324
TI  - [Use of negatively charged electroaerosols of phepranon in complex treatment of
      arteriosclerotic cardiosclerosis complicated by obesity].

PMID- 1088325
TI  - [External respiration and acid-base equilibrium of blood in chronic nonspecific
      lung diseases during physical therapy].

PMID- 1088326
TI  - [Role of salivary kallikrein in the pathogenesis of periodontosis].
AB  - In patients with parodontosis the distinct increase in salivary kallikrein
      secretion was found. In Wistar rats the intensity of age atrophy of alveoli
      dentalis correlated with BAEE-esterase activity of mixed saliva. Desalivation
      considerably decreased the rate of age atrophy of parodontosis in rats. Salivary
      kallikrein, penetrating in active form into parodontal tissues, caused the
      pronounced vasodilation in dogs and golden hamsters. By means of kallikrein
      preparations an intensive inflammatory-dystrophical process was reproduced in
      parodontal tissues of Wistar rats. The local treatment of patients with
      parodontosis by kallikrein inhibitors was found to be especially effective.

PMID- 1088327
TI  - [T- and B-populations of lymphocytes in congenital immune deficiencies].

PMID- 1088328
TI  - [Complications of pancreatic pseudocysts. Rupture of the splenic artery into the
      pancreatic pseudocyst].

PMID- 1088329
TI  - [Unusual complications of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in children].

PMID- 1088330
TI  - [Problem of intraabdominal hemorrhage in persons with multiple injuries].

PMID- 1088331
TI  - Dependence of the heat production of active muscle on the length of muscle.
AB  - The dependence of the heat production of muscle on length was examined in
      isometric (with stretch) and isotonic (free of stretch) tetanuses of 2 s. The
      isometric heat production was significantly greater than the isotonic one at any
      length of muscle. The isometric heat coefficient (Flo/Q, where F is the active
      tension development of muscle measured in ponds, lo is the resting length
      measured in cm, Q is the heat production during the contraction at a given length
      measured in mcal) was not constant but dependent on the length of muscle, and had
      an extreme value near the resting length (lo). A close positive correlation was
      found between the active tension development and the heat production of the
      muscle.

PMID- 1088332
TI  - The effect of anti-lymphocyte and anti-thymocyte serum on the pathogenesis of
      Rauscher leukaemia in inbred mouse strains.
AB  - Rauscher virus causes in inbred Balb/c mice a rapidly progressing hyperacute, in
      C57B1/10Sn mice an incipient, spontaneously healing leukaemia. In DBA/1 and DBA/2
      mice the appearance of leukaemia is followed by a partial remissions then by an
      exacerbation of the disease. The infection in C57B1/10Sn, DBA/1 and DBA/2 mice
      results in a significant tumour-specific immune response. Inhibition of the
      immune response is followed by an increased progression of leukaemia in DBA/1 and
      DBA/2 mice only. It is assumed that in C57B1/10Sn mice the remission of incipient
      leukaemia is associated with a resistance determined in the target cells, whereas
      in DBA/1 and DBA/2 mice the remission is due to a tumour-specific immune
      response. As in animals treated with anti-lymphocyte and anti-thymocyte serum the
      course of the disease runs proportionally to the degree of the inhibition of the
      immune response, the tumour-specific antibodies play a decisive role in the
      elimination of the tumour cells. In Balb/c, DBA/1 and DBA/2 mouse strains failing
      to exhibit a spontaneous reversion of the tumour cells, the appearance of a
      significant tumour-specific immune response depends on the resistance against the
      helper component of the Rauscher virus complex.

PMID- 1088333
TI  - [The vestibular system and postural expression].

PMID- 1088334
TI  - [Study of spontaneous and induced oscillations of the body in patients with
      vestibular areflexia].

PMID- 1088335
TI  - Effects of optic and vestibular stimuli on the stabilograms of patients with
      dizziness complaints.

PMID- 1088336
TI  - [Vestibular influences on visual and auditory function in patients with noise and
      vibration disorders].

PMID- 1088337
TI  - [Filtration pressure of platelet rich plasma (PRP) during various stresses].

PMID- 1088338
TI  - [Role of the anesthetist during the preparation and surveillance of sclerosing of
      the esophageal varices in cirrhotic subjects presenting with a contra-indication
      for portacaval anastomosis].

PMID- 1088339
TI  - [Histiocytosis management (author's transl)].
AB  - Seven cases of Histiocytosis have been treated with VB and PR. Five of them that
      belong to grup C (according to Oberman's classification) experimented favorable
      resuts. Likewise, we have been able to prove that prognosis of these children
      depend on: their age at the onset of the disease; the original site of the
      disease; the extension of the lesions and the maintenance of prolonged therapy.

PMID- 1088340
TI  - Hazard of folinic acid with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine.

PMID- 1088341
TI  - [Environmental factors and aldosterone secretion in the edible frog Rana
      esculenta L (author's transl) (proceedings)].

PMID- 1088342
TI  - Firing pattern of cells in human thalamus during dorsal column stimulation.

PMID- 1088343
TI  - The rate of initiation of treatment for hypertension in a community, 1971--1975.
AB  - In 1971 persons aged 50-59 in a community were screened for hypertension and
      those with diastolic BP greater than or equal to 110 mmHg were notified. On
      reviewing the sample in 1975 the treatment rate had doubled to 22%. Screening in
      1971 was followed by an immediate rise in numbers starting treatment, most being
      notified cases. Thereafter initiation of treatment at a rate of 3-8 cases per 100
      persons per year chiefly reflected identification of subjects deemed to need
      treatment in the ordinary course of medical practice. Of those starting treatment
      during the four years 25% had stopped it by 1975. The influence of screening and
      other factors on the rate of initiation of treatment and adherence to it are
      discussed. With an already high attendance rate at doctors, regular screening of
      this whole age group seems feasible within the framework of general practice. The
      high treatment rate found in 1975 underlines the urgent need for the indications
      currently used for starting treatment to be validated.

PMID- 1088344
TI  - Thymus with B lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
AB  - A 67-year-old man with a diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia died suddenly
      following a coronary occlusion. Peripheral blood lymphocytes labelled with
      fluorescein conjugated polyvalent antisera to immunoglobulin and immunoglobulin
      G, and failed to label with absorbed antithymocyte serum. At necropsy, a large
      thymic tumour, and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes also contained immunoglobulin
      G bearing B lymphocytes. The paradoxical finding of B lymphocytes with monoclonal
      surface immunoglobulin in a thymic mass is most unusual in chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia.

PMID- 1088345
TI  - Immunological changes and liver disease associated with alpha1-antitrypsin
      deficiency.
AB  - A female aged 60 years with heterozygous alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency developed
      a progressive and ultimately fatal liver disease with the clinical, biochemical,
      immunological and histological characteristics of active chronic hepatitis. It is
      suggested that the hepatic disease of A-AT deficiency be included among the types
      of liver disease which may initiate a progressive immunopathic response.

PMID- 1088346
TI  - [Characteristics of the isometric contraction of skeletal muscles in male and
      female common frogs].

PMID- 1088347
TI  - [Study of the heterogenetic antigens in vaccinal preparations of V. cholerae].
AB  - There proved to be a serological similarity between the antigens of the human
      small intestine, the stomach and the liver, and the antigens of various cholera
      vibrio fractions. No antigenic similarity was revealed in examination of the
      heart and kidney. Heterogenous antigen was found not only in the somatic V.
      cholerae antigen, strain 569 (B), but also in the cholerogen-toxoid obtained from
      it. At present it is the most widespread prophylactic preparation.

PMID- 1088348
TI  - Arthritis of the temporomandibular joints and facial pain.

PMID- 1088349
TI  - [Longitudinal sero-epidemiologic study of malaria in Tunisia].

PMID- 1088350
TI  - Impact of control measures on malaria transmission and general mortality.
AB  - This paper is an attempt to relate modifications observed in general and infant
      mortality rates with the dynamic changes in transmission induced by malaria
      control measures. The observations indicated relationships between the efficacy
      of control and a decrease in mortality. The daily parasitological inoculation
      rate was reduced from 0.00958 infective bites per individual before treatment to
      0.00037 after treatment (a decrease of 96%). In two years, general mortality
      decreased from 23.9 to 13.5 deaths per 1000 population and infant mortality
      decreased from 157 to 93 per 1000 live births. This indirect benefit of malaria
      control deserves attention in a wider assessment of measures directed against
      vector-borne diseases.

PMID- 1088351
TI  - The impact of propoxur on Anopheles gambiae s.1. and some other anopheline
      populations, and its relationship with some pre-spraying variables.
AB  - A significant and stable difference in the residual night-biting collection (NBC,
      observed/expected) of A. gambiae s.l. was observed among different villages of
      the West African savannah when sprayed for 2 years with propoxur. The residual
      mosquito density of a given village was positively associated with some of its
      pre-spraying characteristics: the NBC/PSC (pyrethrum spray collections) ratio,
      the median biting hour, and possibly the proportion of species B. It was not
      significantly associated with several other pre-spraying characteristics
      (absolute mosquito density, the ratios between NBC indoors and NBC outdoors,
      between ETC (exit-trap collections) and PSC, between fed and gravid in the PSC or
      ETC, between males and females in the PSC), and was not associated with
      variations in recorded coverage, with latitude, or with distance from unsprayed
      villages.In a comparison between A. gambiae s.l., A. funestus, and A. pharoensis,
      the residual NBC (observed/expected) was positively associated with the pre
      spraying NBC/PSC ratio, and was negatively associated with the median biting
      hour.The pre-spraying NBC/PSC ratio thus appears to be a predictor of the
      variation, between villages or species, in the reduction of the NBC by residual
      spraying, and may assist in forecasting the effect of a residual insecticide. The
      limitations of any absolute prediction must, however, be kept in mind.

PMID- 1088352
TI  - Aircraft disinfection: the physical and insecticidal characteristics of (+)
      phenothrin applied by aerosol at "blocks away".
AB  - A 2% formulation of (+)-phenothrin dispensed from 340-g or break-off tip aerosol
      cans was highly effective against mosquitos in aircraft disinsection trials. Two
      minutes after application at "blocks away", the mass median diameter of the
      dispersed drops was 5.1-6.2 mum. The concentration of the insecticide in the
      cabin fell to 10% of the original concentration after 9.2 min. No odour or
      irritation was caused by the use of this insecticide.

PMID- 1088353
TI  - [Attempt at a collective treatment with diethylcarbamazine in a village in the
      region of Bamako (Mali) where onchocerciasis is hyperendemic].

PMID- 1088354
TI  - Techniques for estimating densities of Bulinus truncatus rohlfsi and its
      horizontal distribution in Volta Lake, Ghana.
AB  - Bulinus truncatus rohlfsi is the intermediate host of urinary schistosomiasis,
      which is highly endemic in the man-made Volta Lake. In 1971, a WHO/UNDP
      schistosomiasis project was established in the Pawmpawm branch and part of the
      Afram branch of Volta Lake. Malacological findings of the preliminary phase
      indicated that the snails were distributed in the littoral zone of the lake, and
      that this distribution was correlated with the presence of vegetation, especially
      Ceratophyllum. Transmission nearly always occurred in "water contact sites",
      i.e., places where people come into contact with water.A snail-sampling technique
      with palm-leaf mats was developed and standardized after it had been shown in
      sensitivity trials to compare favourably with a modified version of the "man
      time" sampling method, in which the number of snails collected per man-hour is
      recorded. It is recommended that both these methods should be used to conduct
      ecological studies of B. rohlfsi in water contact sites.

PMID- 1088355
TI  - Effects of environmental factors on the molluscicidal activities of slow-release
      hexabutyldistannoxane and copper sulfate.
AB  - Laboratory experiments were conducted to study the molluscicidal activities of
      slow-release hexabutyldistannoxane (TBTO) and copper sulfate under various
      environmental conditions. Organic materials such as mud and weeds reduced the
      molluscicidal efficacy of both chemicals. TBTO can be considered a good long
      lasting molluscicide but, because of uncertainty as to its general toxic effects,
      it should not be used in field trials. The molluscicidal activity of slow-release
      copper sulfate was short-lived in plain lake water and was nil in the presence of
      mud or weeds at the concentration used.

PMID- 1088356
TI  - Snail control in urban sites in Brazil with slow-release hexabutyldistannoxane
      and pentachlorophenol.
AB  - Slow release formulations of hexabutyldistannoxane (TBTO) and pentachlorophenol
      (PCP) were tested for the control of Biomphalaria tenagophila in 52 urban sites
      in Rio de Janeiro. TBTO acted faster and lasted longer than PCP and at 15 g/m(2)
      it eliminated snails from 76% of the treated sites for 1 year. Water pollution
      and rate of flow had no significant influence on the molluscicidal properties of
      either compound, but alkalinity lowered the activity of TBTO. Failure to control
      snail populations was due mainly to human interference and to the non-treatment
      of adjacent breeding sites that were temporarily dry and therefore overlooked.

PMID- 1088357
TI  - Assay of togavirus haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies by the micro method:
      loss of information and its rectification.
AB  - Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) activity was assayed by the micro and macro
      methods in immune sera prepared against four togaviruses. HI titres were always 4
      to 8 times lower by the micro method, and coincided with 4 to 8 times lower
      haemagglutinin titres in micro method assays. Because of this phenomenon,
      positive sera with HI macro method titres lower than 1: 80 will be false negative
      for HI by the micro method when tests begin at a 1: 10 serum dilution. This was
      confirmed for a number of human sera tested for West Nile virus HI activity. As a
      consequence of the difference between titres given by the two assay methods,
      results of seroepidemiological studies may be distorted. Use of a system that
      combines both the macro and micro methods could rectify this distortion.

PMID- 1088358
TI  - Characteristics of the spread of a wildlife rabies epidemic in Europe.
AB  - The control of rabies in wildlife by reducing the fox population has led in
      Europe to inconsistent results, since little was known of the dynamics of the fox
      population and the interaction between rabies epidemics, host populations, and
      control measures. As part of the WHO/FAO Coordinated Research Programme on
      Wildlife Rabies in Europe, data on epidemics and persisting reservoirs of the
      disease were processed by computer. The results led to a better understanding of
      the mechanism of spread of the epidemic and to proposals for the improvement of
      rabies control in animals and the protection of man.

PMID- 1088360
TI  - Surgery: second opinion means money saved.

PMID- 1088359
TI  - A new reference preparation of human chorionic gonadotrophin and its subunits.

PMID- 1088361
TI  - Dentistry: precertification means quality.

PMID- 1088362
TI  - Gastric metastasis from breast carcinoma: emergency snare-ectomy for control of
      hemorrhage.
AB  - In a 65-year-old woman, radiological and endoscopical findings of gastric
      metastasis from breast carcinoma are described. Significant upper
      gastrointestinal bleeding necessitated an emergency gastroscopy. The ulcerated
      nodular lesion was bleeding and removed by diathermy loop via fiberoptic
      gastroscopy.

PMID- 1088363
TI  - The Mallory-Weiss-syndrome: a clinical study of 20 cases.
AB  - This is an account of 20 cases of MWS, representing 8% of a series of 247
      consecutive upper GI-bleedings. Men above 40 years and persons with severe
      concomitant disease are specially at risk. The prognosis is rather good,
      mortality from bleeding being 10%. Surgery should not be undertaken unless all
      conservative measures, including vasopressin infusion and even Sengstaken
      Blakemore tube have been applied. The typical history, a hiatal hernia and
      alcohol intake are frequently missing. Neither studies of gastric acid secretion
      nor esophageal manometry disclosed new pathogenic aspects.

PMID- 1088364
TI  - [Effect of lithium on the central serotonin- and adrenergic processes after its
      chronic administration].
AB  - With its chronic administration in a dose of 100 mg/kg lithium carbonate
      inhibited shaking of the head induced in mice with 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP).
      This effect did not differ from the action following a single injection of
      lithium, when the interval between injection of lithium and of 5-HTP was one
      hour. With the interval lengthened to 24 hours the frequency of shaking
      diminished only under the effect of chronic administration. At the 5th, 10th and
      21st day of a daily administration lithium failed to produce any effect on the
      hypothermal action of a reserpine-like agent Po 4-1284, but would reduce the
      protective action of imipramine in a ptosis test. A single injection of lithium
      made against the background of a chronic injection of water produced an opposite
      effect, viz. it significantly reduced the protective action of imipramine in
      hypothermia, but did not affect it with reference to ptosis. Hence, chronic
      administration of lithium leads to potentiation in its action of the serotonin
      negative and central adreno-negative componets and to extenuating the peripheral
      adreno-negative component.

PMID- 1088365
TI  - [Toxicity of benzhydrylurea under experimental conditions].
AB  - Benzhydrylurea, which displays an anticonvulsant action and is of low acute
      toxicity in capable after a 3-month administration to rats to inhibit the growth
      of male-rats, intensify the excretion of protein with the urine, raise the blood
      sugar level (with its single administration--to reduce), provoke dystrophic
      changes in the liver, kidneys and central nervous system. Following a 1--3-week
      introduction of the substance guinea pigs and cats demonstrate hemorrhagic
      erosions in the stomach and small intestine (but not rabbits, dogs and rats), the
      appearance of pathological forms of erythrocytes, while guinea pigs suffer from
      leucopoietic disorders.

PMID- 1088366
TI  - Psyche and rheuma.
AB  - The paper is based on discussions which took place in a seminar at the European
      League against Rheumatism Meeting in Helsinki in 1975. The importance of
      assessing the emotional response in rheumatoid disease, as well as the disease
      process, is stressed. It is important to consider the effect of the discovery by
      the patient that severe disease is present. Considerable support by general
      practitioners and consultants may be necessary at this time. There has been much
      discussion as to whether patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis have a
      different type of personality than other subjects. The evidence is not
      convincing. The role of stress in the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis is not
      properly understood. Anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs may help patients to
      overcome the anxiety and depression associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
      Children suffering from the disease present a special problem. The incapacity and
      isolation, especially in old age, which osteo-arthritis brings may lead to
      depression and antidepressant therapy is often required. When rheumatic pain
      seems out of proportion to the physical findings, psychogenic rheumatism should
      be considered. Rheumatic pains occur in masked depression and low backache may be
      a depressive equivalent. Pain may be used by some patients to communicate
      distress.

PMID- 1088367
TI  - Bone and joint diseases in the elderly.

PMID- 1088368
TI  - Electrical stimulation in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - When electrodes were implanted in the spinal cord of a patient with MS--for
      dorsal column stimulation to relieve intractable pain--she regained considerable
      movement in her legs. Subsequently such stimulation has been employed in more
      than 70 other patients, and many have regained voluntary control over their arms,
      legs, and sphincters. The procedure is detailed and its implications are
      explored.

PMID- 1088369
TI  - On the tryptophan-serotonin metabolism in manic-depressive disorders. Changes in
      plasma 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels and urinary 5-HIAA excretion following oral loading
      of L-5HTP in patients with depression.

PMID- 1088370
TI  - [Incidence of rheumatic disease during 1969-1972 in the region of Banja Luka].

PMID- 1088371
TI  - Cancer in a familial IgA deficiency patient: abnormal chromosomes and B
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Two primary cancers were found in a patient with a familial IgA deficiency.
      Although cytogenetic studies showed nonconsistent pseudodiploid chromosomal
      pattern in the peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures, there were two metaphases
      with a deleted short arm of an E (17-18) chromosome and several metaphases with
      an abnormally large chromosome, larger than chromosome number 1. Also, there were
      37 B lymphocytes per mm3 in her peripheral blood which was much lower than other
      radiation-treated cancer patients. The absence of IgA, the decrease of peripheral
      B lymphocytes and the chromosomal abnormality might have played a role in her
      developing the cancers.

PMID- 1088372
TI  - [Free radical processes in the embryogenesis of Anura].
AB  - The localization of free radical processes and changes in their level during the
      common frog development have been studied by means of grafted copolymerisation
      and autoradiography. The maps of distribution of relative concentrations of free
      radicals were obtained for the beginning of cleavage, blastula, gastrula and
      neurula. The distinct regionalization was found in the beginning of cleavage: the
      concentration of the free radicals in the cortical layer and dorsal half of
      embryo is lower than in the central area and ventral half, resp. At the early
      blastula stage this regionalization is preserved in its general features. The
      region of embryo characterized by active free radical processes corresponds to
      the presumptive endo- and mesoderm in the period of inductive interaction. The
      possible participation of regional changes in oxidative metabolism in the
      fertilized egg in the determination of cytoplasmic localization of morphogenetic
      potencies is discussed. At the later stages there were variations observed in
      free radicals concentration, which are discussed as being related to the
      determination and morphogenesis of some rudiments of embryo. A local rise of free
      radicals concentration was also found out in the eye rudiment just before the
      onset of its components differentiation.

PMID- 1088373
TI  - [Study of development of ciliary folds and Zinn's zonules in Rana temporaria L.
      by means of scanning electron microscopy].
AB  - The development of ciliary folds and zonul of Zinn has been studied in the eyes
      of the common frog Rana temporaria L. by means of scanning electron microscopy.
      The development of ciliary folds begins at the stage 45 by the flexure of the
      external layer in the ciliary zone. At the stage 46 this process involves the
      internal layer and the folds become two-layered. The zonules of Zinn form before
      the folds of internal layer of the ciliary epithelium begin to form as separate
      bundles of fibers. At the stage 45 they are already distinct. Later the ciliary
      filaments fold in 2 felt-like layers -- zonula which pass from the equatorial
      lens zone and attach near orbiculum ciliaris. In the place of attachment the
      margin of zonul repeats the relief of folds, thus attaching to their whole
      surface, and individual filaments go farther, to orbiculum ciliaris. All these
      processes take place in they eye prior to the beginning of metamorphosis.

PMID- 1088374
TI  - [Effect of various factors on the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells].
AB  - The treatment in vitro of bone marrow cells in mice by phytohemagglutinin,
      concanavaline, or antilimphocytic globulin resulted in the suppression of
      exogenous hemopoietic colonies in the spleen of lethally irradiated (830r)
      syngenic recipients, whereas lipopolysaccharide, tuberculin, anti-theta serum or
      nati-gamma-globulin serum exerted no influence on the colony-forming function of
      hemopoietic stem cells. The morphological analysis of the ratio and cell
      composition of hemopoietic colonies has revealed no marked differences between
      the experimental and control groups. The suppression of hemopoietic stem cells by
      mitogens might be due both to their direct effect and indirect one, possibly,
      through a humoral factor.

PMID- 1088375
TI  - Rifampicin in combination with isoniazid in the treatment childhood tuberculosis.

PMID- 1088376
TI  - [Coronary arteriosclerosis. Surgical and pathological study].

PMID- 1088377
TI  - Pirandamine, a relatively selective 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitor.

PMID- 1088378
TI  - [Neonatal hepatitis and its consequences].

PMID- 1088380
TI  - [Genetic aspects of rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1088379
TI  - Absence of Thy-1 antigen in L-cell X mouse lymphoma hybrids.
AB  - Hybrid clones arising after inactivated Sendai virus mediated cell fusion between
      a bromodeoxyuridine-resistant derivative of the BALB/c mouse lymphoma cell line,
      S49, and a thioguanine-resistant derivative (A9) of the C3H mouse fibroblast cell
      line, L929, were selected in HAT medium. The responses of the clones to growth
      inhibitors as well as their chromosome numbers were consistent with properties
      expected of hybrids. Hybrid clones expressed the major histocompatibility (H-2)
      surface antigens of both parental types, i.e., H-2d of BALB/c and H-2k of C3H.
      The Thy-1.2 antigen, expressed on the surface of the lymphoma parent but not the
      fibroblast parent, was not detected on the hybrids.

PMID- 1088381
TI  - [Stimulation and apparent potentiation by human serum of colony formation in
      vitro by human bone marrow cells (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088382
TI  - In vivo effects of lymphocytes sensitized in vitro against tumor cells.

PMID- 1088383
TI  - Mechanism of genetic resistance to immune suppression by Friend leukemia virus:
      the role of marrow-dependent cells.

PMID- 1088384
TI  - Role of "suppressor" T lymphocytes in antibody-induced inhibition of cytophilic
      antibody receptors.

PMID- 1088385
TI  - Antibodies and anti-antibodies in human malignancy: an expression of deranged
      immune regulation.

PMID- 1088386
TI  - Tumor virus effects on immunocyte precursor cells. Hemopoietic stem cell behavior
      and leukemogenic susceptibility.
AB  - Studies of Rauscher virus-induced erythroleukemia have demonstrated
      immunodepressive effects in the host and enhanced leukemogenesis with adjuvant
      administration. These observations led to the study of leukemic development in
      the NZB strain as a natural model of the experimentally adjuvant-stimulated
      animal. The results of such investigation would attribute the increased
      susceptibility of NZB mice to the possession of an enlarged population of
      pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells in active cell cycle. Studies with radiation
      chimeras have further shown that elevated endogenous spleen colony formation, the
      increased potential for autoimmunity, and for susceptibility to Rauscher viral
      leukemogenesis are all linked through the NZB hemopoietic system. It is concluded
      that the presence of an enlarged compartment of cyclically active stem cells may
      be an etiologic factor in the susceptibility to both virus-induced leukemia and
      the development of autoimmune disease.

PMID- 1088387
TI  - Discussion paper: impairment of B-lymphocyte functions in concanavalin A-treated
      friend virus infected mice.
AB  - Friend leukemia virus (FLV) leukemogenesis was prevented by treatment of the
      virus with Concanavalin A (Con A). Mice infected with the lectin-treated virus,
      however, showed evidence of a dormant infection since infectious virus could be
      recovered for as long as 100 days. Humoral immune responses to sheep erythrocytes
      (SRBC), a thymus-dependent antigen, and to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a
      thymus-independent antigen, were depressed (approximately 80-90%) in mice given
      the Con A-treated FLV. Cell transfer studies indicated that the impaired
      responsiveness to SRBC was related to a defect in B-lymphocyte function, similar
      to the impairment in mice infected with untreated FLV. The mitogenic response of
      splenocytes from Con A-FLV mice to E. coli LPS was also depressed as was the
      ability of Ig-bearing spleen cells to redistribute these immunoglobulin receptors
      into polar caps. The impaired immune responsiveness in the Con A-FLV infected
      mice appeared associated with the persistent virus infection and not to
      neoplastic transformation generally associated with leukemogenic process.

PMID- 1088388
TI  - Models for syngeneic adoptive chemoimmunotherapy of murine leukemias.

PMID- 1088389
TI  - [A case of multilocular zona].

PMID- 1088390
TI  - Comparison of the shock-inducing effect of anti-mouse anti-thymocyte horse serum
      and normal horse serum. I. Experiments with three-week-old mice.
AB  - Sera administered intravenously to mice hypersensitized with normal horse serum
      and with horse serum of anti-lymphocytic activity, produce reactions that differ
      considerably in mice treated in different ways. The experiments of the authors
      indicate that the anaphylactogenic effect of ATS is substantially stronger than
      that or normal horse serum. The paper discusses the clinical and theoretical
      conclusions to be drawn from this phenomenon observed in the experiments.

PMID- 1088391
TI  - Comparison of the shock-inducing effect of anti-mouse anti-thymocyte horse serum
      and normal horse serum. II. Tests with ten-day-old mice.
AB  - Studying the shock-inducing effect of ATS and NHS in young (10-day-old) mice
      weighing 10-11 g, the authors have found that normal serum proved to be a
      significantly stronger sensitizing agent. Such a difference in the shock-inducing
      effect of the two sera can no longer be observed in the course of challenge. The
      paper discusses the observed phenomenon, taking into account the data available
      on the ontogeny of the immune apparatus of the mice.

PMID- 1088392
TI  - The sensitizing properties of anti-mouse anti-thymocyte horse serum.
AB  - The authors have compared the anaphylaxis due to active and passive sensitization
      of mice. In the case of active sensitizing, anti-mouse anti-thymocyte horse serum
      (ATS), and/or normal horse serum (NHS), whereas in the case of passive
      sensitizing, plasma, peripheral leukocytes, spleen cells and thymocytes of
      sensitized animals were used. Provocation of shock was carried out by intravenous
      administration of ATS or NHS. Irreversible anaphylaxis occurred in a
      significantly higher rate in the case of ATS than NHS sensitivity, produced
      either actively, or passively. Differences have been found also between the 4
      investigated materials according to their passive transfer potency.

PMID- 1088393
TI  - Further investigations about the passive transfer of sensitivity caused by anti
      thymocyte serum.
AB  - Soluble materials were obtained from the spleens and thymuses removed from mice
      sensitized by anti-thymocyte serum or normal horse serum. These materials were
      administered to mice. In the mice thus treated, anaphylaxis was provoked by iv
      inoculation of serum. Irreversible shock did not occur. Reversible anaphylactoid
      symptoms occured among the animals treated with the supernatants of cells of
      sensitized animals, in case when these cells have been disrupted by osmotic
      shock.

PMID- 1088394
TI  - The role of genetic, and age- and sex-connected immunological factors in the
      morbidity of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1088395
TI  - [Cytological structure of the lymph nodes after administration of foreign
      protein].
AB  - Changes in the cellular compositon of popliteal lymphatic nodes of albino rats
      were studied in normality and after injection of a foreign protein. Allergic
      inflammation was caused by injection of 0,25 ml of the horse serum. Observations
      were made on the 1, 3, 8, 19 and 30 days after the beginning of experiment. The
      cellular composition was counted in 30 visual fileds in the cortical plateu,
      follicles and myelinated cords. The average percentage of cellular elements has
      been determined. It has been shown that the reticular cells have less changes as
      compared with other cells in response to antigen stimulation. An inverse
      correlative relationship was noted between small and medium-sized lymphocytes.
      The greatest percentage of plasmic cells was noted in myelinated cords; in the
      follicles they are found as solitary units. In the primary immunization the
      cellular composition of follicles was little changed as compared with the
      cellular composition of the cortical and medullary substance. The cellular
      reaction was most pronounced in myelinated cords. Thus, the investigation of the
      cellular composition of different structure components of the rat's lymphatic
      nodes after injection of the foreign protein has revealed a different degree of
      their reaction.

PMID- 1088396
TI  - Surgical treatment of unstable angina pectoris.

PMID- 1088397
TI  - Survey of the problem-oriented record in Canadian psychiatric settings.

PMID- 1088398
TI  - The effect of nutritional status on immune capacity and immune responses in
      preschool children in a rural community in India.
AB  - Cell-mediated immune response (CMI) and several aspects of humoral immune status
      and response were measured and related to nutritional status in preschool
      children in north India. CMI was measured by means of postvaccinal (BCG)
      tuberculin sensitivity and leucocytic blast cell transformation. Humoral immune
      response was measured by means of tetanus antibody production following
      vaccination with diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine. Immunoglobulins A, G, and
      M and complement (C(3)) were also determined. CMI, serum IgA, and C(3) were found
      to be directly correlated with weight-for-age status.

PMID- 1088400
TI  - [Characteristics of atmospheric pollution with particulate matters in Yaounde
      (Cameroon) during the long dry season 1974/1975: health consequences].

PMID- 1088399
TI  - [Medical causes of death according to etiopathogenic process and anatomic
      localization. Trial of a new method of rubric regroupment of the International
      Classification of Diseases (8th Revision)].

PMID- 1088401
TI  - An assessment of the comparative advantages of paediatric activities using
      routine hospital records.
AB  - Comparison is made of the advantages, in terms of benefit to patients and salary
      costs, of employing a consultant paediatrician and non-specialist physicians in
      clinical work, management activities, research, and education. Comparisons are
      based on data derived by a simple method from inpatient records of 10 125
      children aged 0-5 years admitted over a 23-month period to Mbale Hospital,
      Uganda. Benefits to inpatients were assessed from the quarterly death and failure
      rates and the proportion of failures occurring within 24 h of admission to
      hospital. The relative costs of the various items of medical work were based on
      the salary costs that they incurred. The advantages of one activity compared with
      another are demonstrated, and the results clearly indicate that greater benefit
      at lower cost was obtained by the use of physicians in management and supervisory
      work than by employing them in the routine care of inpatients.

PMID- 1088402
TI  - Epidemiological features of choriocarcinoma.
AB  - By means of hospital records and death certificates, 91 cases of choriocarcinoma
      were identified in the cities of Manila, Quezon, Pasay, and Caloocan in the
      Philippines during the 5 years 1970-74. The overall incidence was 17.4 per 100
      000 live births. The other principal findings in this population-based study
      concerned maternal age, history of fetal wastage, and number of pregnancies. Very
      high incidence rates for choriocarcinoma were registered for mothers aged 40
      years and over and there was a slightly higher than average risk for women under
      20 years of age. Risk increased with the number of fetal losses. The effect of
      number of pregnancies was evident only for very old and very young mothers. A
      case-control study was also conducted on 28 patients with choriocarcinoma and on
      187 age-matched controls; for all of these women, the disease had been diganosed
      (cases) or children had been born (controls) between 1970 and 1975. Compared with
      the control group, a higher proportion of the case group had a history of
      pulmonary tuberculosis and had previously used contraceptive pills. Because of
      the low and unequal levels of cooperation among patients and controls, these
      findings need further confirmation.

PMID- 1088403
TI  - Variability of the diagnosis of stroke by clinical judgement and by a scoring
      method.
AB  - Existing criteria for the diagnosis of acute cerebrovascular disease (stroke)
      have not been satisfactory in epidemiological studies. Variability of the
      diagnosis of stroke, which had not been studied before, was investigated in a WHO
      collaborative study. Intra-observer and inter-observer variation of the diagnosis
      of stroke was studied by means of 45 case reports drawn at random from among
      those included in the study. Diagnosis of stroke and of the type of stroke was
      made by clinical judgement and by a scoring method. The clinical diagnosis of
      stroke was more consistent and more comparable than the diagnosis of the type of
      stroke. Inter-observer agreement in clinical diagnosis was improved by using the
      score method.

PMID- 1088404
TI  - Experience from a multicentre stroke register: a preliminary report.
AB  - In collaboration with 15 centres in 10 countries of Africa, Asia, and Europe, WHO
      started a pilot study of a community-based stroke register, with standardized
      methods. Preliminary data were obtained on 6395 new cases of stroke in defined
      study communities, from May 1971 to September 1974. Information on incidence
      rates, clinical profiles, diagnosis, management, and course and prognosis for
      these patients is given.

PMID- 1088405
TI  - Characterization of avian influenza viruses. Designation of a newly recognized
      haemagglutinin.
AB  - Studies with specific antisera to the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens
      of all the influenza A subtypes show that A/turkey/Wisconsin/66 influenza virus,
      originally included in the Hav6 subtype, does not react in either haemagglutinin
      inhibition or immunodiffusion tests with antisera to Hav6. It is therefore
      proposed that A/turkey/Wisconsin/66 be placed in a new subtype designated Hav9.
      The neuraminidase antigens of the Hav6 subtype were further characterized and
      were shown to be N1, N2, Neq2, and Nav5 subtypes. Hav6 influenza viruses isolated
      from turkeys over an 11-year period showed little antigenic drift. The
      haemagglutinin and neuraminidase of A/shearwater/Australia/72 (Hav6Nav5) were
      identical with those of a virus isolated 8 years previously from a turkey in
      California: A/turkey/California/64 (Hav6Nav5).

PMID- 1088406
TI  - A large-scale snail control trial with trifenmorph in the Gezira irrigation
      scheme, Sudan.
AB  - A large-scale field trial was carried out during December 1973 to assess the
      effect of trifenmorph on Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria pfeifferi in 379 000
      feddans ( approximately 159 000 ha) of the Gezira irrigation system in the Sudan.
      The commercial formulation used (Frescon) is an emulsifiable concentrate
      containing 16.5% trifenmorph. Five dispensers were used to add the commercial
      product to the water continuously for 7.5 days; 18 121 litres were used to treat
      28.4 million m(3) of water. In addition, each minor canal was hand-sprayed from
      the tail to 300 m upstream of the last open field outlet pipe; 360 litres of the
      commercial formulation were used for this operation.A minimum concentration of
      0.035 mg trifenmorph per litre of water was produced at the head of each minor
      canal. The use of caged snails showed that a concentration as low as 0.015
      mg/litre was sufficient to produce 100% mortality in B. truncatus in 7.5 days;
      this is equivalent to a concentration x time product of 0.12 mg/litre days.

PMID- 1088407
TI  - A socioecological approach to the control of Schistosoma mansoni in St Lucia.
AB  - Systematic observations of man/water contact in a valley endemic for S. mansoni
      in St Lucia were carried out prior to the introduction of a household water
      supply. The observations indicated that exposure of the population to cercaria
      infested rivers and streams could be broken down into different types related to
      distinct and measurable domestic and economic activities. The number and duration
      of daily contacts with water played an important role in determining the relative
      risk of infection and correlated significantly with the number of infected
      persons by age in a survey conducted immediately following the observations.
      Consideration should be given to measuring and assessing the relative importance
      of different activities involving contact with water in relation to transmission
      and the formulation of control strategies.

PMID- 1088408
TI  - Cellular alterations accompany opacification in the cultured lens.
AB  - An examination of frog lenses cultured in specific serum-enriched medium was
      undertaken in order to determine whether such lenses could serve as in vitro
      models for studying the role of the lens epithelial cell. Histological analysis
      after sectioning of the lens revealed multilayered epithelial plaques and
      epithelial invasion of vacuolated cortical fibres, accompanied by the deposition
      of capsule-like material. A comparison of the effects of two media, L-15 and 199,
      indicated a greater incidence of opacification induced by L-15, which may be
      correlated with changes in lens epithelial cell nuclei.

PMID- 1088410
TI  - [Antifibrinolytic and antimycotic properties of 2-thiontetrahydro-1,3,5
      thiadiazine].
AB  - A series of tetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thiones have been tested for their
      fungistatic and antifibrinolytic effects. The fungistatic activity depends upon
      the substitution of nitrogen in positions 3 and 5 of the ring system. But it is,
      however, only the derivatives that are able to split off the antifibrinolytically
      active w-amino acids by solvolysis which produces antifibrinolytic effect in
      vivo.

PMID- 1088409
TI  - [Electroencephalographic analysis of the central action of pyrazidol].
AB  - Pyrasidol (1,10-trimethylene-8-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrasino/1,2-q/indol
      hydrochloride) produces an activating influence on the EEG of the brain cortex,
      the reticular formation of the mesencephalon and hippocampus. It potentiates the
      electroencephalographic effects of amphetamine, 1-DOPA and 5-oxytryptophan,
      displays no central cholinolytic activity and has no influence on the
      electrophysiological effects of anticholinesterase and cholinomimetic agents.

PMID- 1088411
TI  - [Chloroderivatives of phenoxyacetic acid as antagonists of thyroid hormones].
AB  - A 24-hour stay of the Rana temporaria tadpoles in solutions of the sodium and
      diethylamine salts of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacitic acid (with 1 and 2 mg/l,
      respectively) significantly inhibits their metamorphosis. An addition of these
      salts to a solution containing thyroidin in a concentration of 1--5 mg/l hinders
      the action of hormone stimulating metamorphosis. The effect of the sodium salt of
      2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid prevents the destruction of some tadpoles by toxic
      concentrations of thyroidin. The above data justify referring the
      chloroderivatives of the phenoxyacetic acid to antagonists of the thyroid
      hormones.

PMID- 1088412
TI  - Cordycepin and early effects of estradiol on the immature rat uterus.

PMID- 1088413
TI  - A study of acid-base balance of CSF in connection with positive ventriculography
      using water soluble contrast media (Conray).

PMID- 1088414
TI  - Patterns of B-lymphocyte gene expression elicited by lipopolysaccharide mitogen.
AB  - When large proportions of B lymphocytes from the murine spleen are stimulated in
      vitro by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) B lymphoblasts with small amounts of
      intracellular immunoglobulin (Ig) and plasmablasts with large amounts of
      intracellular Ig concomitantly proliferate. It is likely that B lymphocytes are
      heterogeneous and LPS activates B cells to express their predetermined functional
      capacity since bromodeoxyuridine does not inhibit the initiation of Ig synthesis
      in plasmablasts, and Ig synthesis starts before these cells complete their first
      mitosis. The results suggest that LPS is a potent polyclonal activator (of a B
      cell subset) but it is not a differentiation factor in the sense that it is
      unable to determine whether its target cell develops extensive endoplasmic
      reticulum or follows a different pathway. The results do not exclude that
      modulation of B cells' genetic programming might take place during T cell
      dependent B-lymphocyte activation. The observed B-cell heterogeneity offers a
      possible explanation for the concomitant emergence of B memory cells and antibody
      producers during the early phase of immune responses in vivo.

PMID- 1088415
TI  - Antigenic properties of subsets of splenic T lymphocytes responding to lectins.
AB  - The aim of the present study was to characterize the antigenic properties of
      spleen cells responding in vitro to various mitogenic stimuli. Mouse spleen cells
      were treated with alloantibodies and C and then cultured with various
      concentrations of lectins. The exposure of spleen cells to various dilutions of
      either anti-theta serum and C or anti-Ly serum and C inhibited the response to
      optimal concentrations of PHA to a greater extent than the response to optimal
      concentrations of Con A. With the exception of the optimal lectin concentration,
      theta-antiserum and C had a stronger inhibitory effect on the response to Con A
      than to PHA. The exposure of spleen cells to H-2 antiserum and C inhibited their
      response to Con A to a greater extent than to PHA. The inhibitory activity of H-2
      antiserum and C was inversely correlated with the dose of PHA used for
      stimulation. The lower the concentration of PHA used for stimulation the more
      effective was the inhibitory effect of the antiserum. The inhibitory effect of H
      2 antiserum and C on the response to Con A was highest at optimal concentrations
      of the mitogen, and somewhat less pronounced above or below this concentration.
      The present study suggests that subsets of splenic T-cells that react to various
      concentrations of mitogens, differ in their theta- and H-2 alloantigenicity.

PMID- 1088416
TI  - Development of B-lymphocyte colony-forming cells in foetal mouse tissues.
AB  - In CBA and (CBA X C57B1)F1 mice, cells forming B-lymphocyte colonies in agar
      culture were first detected in the 17-day foetal liver and the following day in
      the spleen, bone marrow and peripheral blood. Colony-forming cells were not
      detected in the yolk sac or foetal thymus. Adult levels of colony-forming cells
      were achieved within 3 days of birth. In organ cultures of 15-day foetal liver or
      spleen, B-lymphocyte colony-forming cells developed during a 5-day incubation
      period, indicating that both organs can function as bursal analogues. Foetal
      liver colony-forming cells were of small size and generated colonies of cells
      with a pattern of membrane immunoglobulin similar to colony cells generated by
      cells from adult animals.

PMID- 1088417
TI  - Cytotoxicity of normal rabbit serum for chicken lymphoid cells. I. Localization
      of the activity.
AB  - Normal rabbit sera were found to be highly cytotoxic for chicken thymus cells.
      When the sera were fractionated on Sephadex G-200, the natural cytotoixc activity
      resided exclusively in the first peak. It was found to be complement-dependent
      and heat stable at 56 degrees. On the other hand, in the serum of immunized
      animals the specific cytotoxic activity appeared in the second peak.

PMID- 1088418
TI  - The effect of cyclophosphamide on the recovery from a local chlamydial infection.
      Guinea-pig inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC).
AB  - The immune mechanism involved in the recovery from and resistance to guinea-pig
      inclusion conjunctivitis (GPIC) was studied. Guinea-pigs were injected with a
      dose of cyclophosphamide (CY) (300 mg/kg wt) that inhibits antibody synthesis.
      Such treatment was shown to produce a cellular depletion in the B-cell area
      without producing an appreciable change in the T-cell area of the spleen and
      lymph nodes. CY treatment markedly delayed the appearance of secretory
      immunoglobulin A antibody to GPIC in the tears, and other classes of antibodies
      to GPIC and sheep erythrocyte in the serum. Furthermore, recovery from infection
      was impaired and a subsequent injection of CY prolonged the duration of
      infection. The results indicate that B cells may play an important role in the
      control of this infection.

PMID- 1088419
TI  - Rabbit lymphoid cells. II. Anti-allotype antisera, lipopolysaccharide and other
      bacterial and fungal mitogens as probes for the identification of B-cell
      subpopulations.
AB  - Removal of adherent cells or complement-mediated killing of rabbit thymus
      lymphocyte antigen (BTLA) bearing rabbit T lymphocytes did not abolish the
      responsiveness (increased thymidine incorporation) of lymphoid cells to antibody
      against immunoglobulin allotype, Nocardia water-soluble mitogen (NWSM),
      pneumococcal polysaccharide SIII (PPSIII), S. abortus lipopolysaccharide (LPS),
      lipid A conjugated to bovine serum albumin and a crude preparation containing C
      polysaccharide from the cell wall of Diplococcus pneumoniae. Isologous and
      heterologous antisera, directed against different portions of the Ig receptor,
      differed in their capacity to enhance thymidine incorporation. The difference in
      mitogenicity of these antisera was discussed in terms of the accessibility of
      cell-bound immunoglobulin receptor sites. Spleen cells, responsive to anti
      allotype (Ab4) antiserum and B-cell mitogens, NWSM and PPSIII, were characterized
      by velocity sedimentation. The mean volume of NWSM- and PPSIII-responsive cells
      was larger than that of the cells responsive to anti-allotype antiserum.
      Fractionation of spleen cells on glass bead columns yielded a population of non
      adherent cells which were two to six times as responsive to anti-Ab4 antiserum as
      the original spleen cell suspension. The responsiveness of peripheral blood
      lymphocytes to anti-Ab4 antiserum was significantly greater than that of spleen
      cells. On the other hand, spleen cells were more responsive to PPSIII than were
      cells from the peripheral blood, the popliteal and the mesenteric lymph nodes.

PMID- 1088420
TI  - The relation between the cell-mediated immunological response and the induction
      of circulating antibodies to collagen in guinea-pigs.
AB  - Cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity reactions to collagen in guinea-pigs were
      partially but specifically suppressed if the animals had been pretreated with
      collagen and Freund's incomplete adjuvant. Such animals responded normally to
      skin-reactive factor prepared with ovalbumin. Lymphoid cells from animals with
      normal delayed hypersensitivity to collagen functioned normally in animals with
      suppressed skin reactivity. Cells from animals with suppressed delayed
      hypersensitivity were specifically, functionally impaired since they transferred
      delayed hypersensitivity into neutral recipients efficiently for PPD but not for
      collagen. Suppression could be induced in Cy-treated animals, and it persisted
      for at least 143 days. It is concluded that guinea-pigs with depressed delayed
      hypersensitivity to collagen are functionally impaired with respect to those T
      cells normally generated by induction of delayed hypersensitivity.

PMID- 1088421
TI  - The immune response to oxidized ferredoxin. II. Cross reactivity of cells and
      antisera to modified ferredoxins and the nature of the cells responding in vitro.
AB  - The cross reactivity of sera from rabbits sensitized to performic acid oxidized
      ferredoxin (O-Fd) and of spleen cells from mice sensitized to O-Fd was analysed
      using several chemically modified forms of ferredoxin in the complement fixation
      test and the in vitro lymphocyte stimulation assay. Only O-Fd and native
      ferredoxin (native-Fd) gave positive responses in both assays. Dinitrophenylated
      O-Fd (DNP-O-Fd) and acid precipitated ferredoxin (TCA-Fd) were able to fix
      complement (C') but did not simulate DNA synthesis in vitro. Ferredoxin alkylated
      with N-ethylmaleimioxin (CM-Fd) was unable to stimulate DNA synthesis and was
      marginally able to fix C'. Methylated-O-Fd (meth-O-Fd) was not recognized in
      either assay. The various ferredoxin preparations were tested for their ability
      to sensitize mice for use in the in vitro lymphocyte stimulation assay. Only O
      Fd, NEM-Fd and native-Fd were capable of sensitizing lymphocytes for a
      proliferative response in vitro to the test antigens. This correlates with the
      observation that only these antigens were able to induce DNA synthesis in O-Fd
      sensitized lymphocytes. The nature of the cells responding in vitro was examined
      by treating the cells with rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin and C' or rabbit anti
      mouse brain associated theta and C'. The 24-hr response was found to be sensitive
      to both sera while the 120-hr response was sensitive only to the anti-theta sera.

PMID- 1088422
TI  - Differentiation of lymphoid cells: the non-mitogenic induction of immunoglobulin
      production by thymus cell extract and thymus cell culture filtrate.
AB  - The cell-free medium in which thymocytes have been cultured (filtrate) as well as
      sonic lysates of thymocytes (extract) enhance immunoglobulin production when
      added to spleen cells during tissue culture. In spite of the requirement for
      foetal calf serum in the culture medium, production of the enhancing factor in
      thymocyte culture filtrates occurred even in the presence of a variety of
      metabolic inhibitors including NaN3, puromycin and hydroxyurea. Although DNA
      synthesis is required as a prelude to the induction of immunoglobulin production,
      two lines of evidence indicate that the enhancement produced in response to
      filtrate and extract occurs via a non-mitogenic process. First, neither cell-free
      agent was mitogenic toward spleen cells. Secondly, the enhancement of
      immunoglobulin production due to filtrate or extract was observed even in the
      presence of inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Multiple functions for thymocytes in the
      induction of immunoglobulin production are indicated by the findings that
      thymocytes restore immunoglobulin production of anti-thymocyte serum-treated
      spleen cells, whereas filtrate and extract, alone or in combination, do not have
      this capability. Furthermore, filtrate and extract failed to enhance the
      induction of DNP-group-specific antibody production by cells incubated with DNP
      protein, but filtrate and extract could partially restore anti-DNP antibody
      production of such anti-thymocyte serum-treated cells. The role of thymocytes,
      filtrate and extract in the antigen-independent and the antigen-dependent
      induction of immunoglobulin production is discussed.

PMID- 1088423
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children with acute leukemia.

PMID- 1088424
TI  - [Reflex sympathetic dystrophy therapy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088425
TI  - [Recto-colic Crohn's disease].

PMID- 1088426
TI  - Diagnosis of tumours of the posterior fossa using a "total body" Acta Scanner.

PMID- 1088427
TI  - Hereditary multiple exostosis: diaphyseal aclasis.

PMID- 1088428
TI  - [Histochemical and electron microscopic study on primary culture cells from
      mucoepidermoid tumor of the oral region].

PMID- 1088429
TI  - [Three dimensional reproduction method of the mandible by tomography].

PMID- 1088430
TI  - [Studies on cell-mediated immune responses in oral cancer patients 1. DNCB
      reactions and PPD reactions].

PMID- 1088431
TI  - [An electron microscopic study of chondrosarcoma of the mandible].

PMID- 1088432
TI  - [Tissue culture studies on pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands--the
      relation between clinical features and tissue culture findings].

PMID- 1088433
TI  - [A new trial of arthroplasty of the temporomandibular joint].

PMID- 1088434
TI  - [Surgical correction of mandibular prognathism by vertical bilateral osteotomy of
      the ascending rami].

PMID- 1088435
TI  - [The use of a denuded muscle flap of vermilion in the repair of cleft lip].

PMID- 1088436
TI  - [Acute peptic ulcer following head and neck surgery: report of a case].

PMID- 1088437
TI  - [A case of benign osteoblastoma].

PMID- 1088438
TI  - [Necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis and long term administration of steroid
      hormone: a report of an autopsy case].

PMID- 1088439
TI  - [A case of solitary myeloma of the mandible].

PMID- 1088440
TI  - [Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma: report of a case].

PMID- 1088441
TI  - [A case of ameloblastic odontoma with a review of the literature].

PMID- 1088442
TI  - [A case of basal cell nevus syndrome].

PMID- 1088443
TI  - [Extensive sequester formation associated with prolonged steroid therapy of SLE:
      report of a case].

PMID- 1088444
TI  - [Therapeutic efficacy of a new analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent, Y- 8004,
      for relief of postexodontic pain--its double blind controlled study using
      indomethacin].

PMID- 1088445
TI  - Pharmacological analysis of slow potentials recorded in frog olfactory bulb
      during natural stimulation.
AB  - Pharmacological agents (strychnine, picrotoxin, pentobarbital, chloralose, GABA,
      penicillin, morphine) were used to investigate the nature of the slow potential
      recorded in the frog olfactory bulb in response to natural stimulation. Three
      possible hypotheses were tested: 1) The slow potential is neuroglial in nature;
      2) it is the analog of the dorsal-root potential of the spinal cord and reflects
      depolarization of primary afferents arising in the terminals of the olfactory
      nerve and responsible for presynaptic inhibition in the frog olfactory bulb; 3)
      the slow potential reflects postsynaptic processes. The results showed great
      similarity between changes in the slow and dorsal-root potentials of the spinal
      cord in response to the action of pharmacological agents. However, the slow
      potential is evidently a complex response and incorporates at least one other
      component - depolarization of the dendrites of unknown nature.

PMID- 1088446
TI  - Analgesia induced by electrical stimulation of the inferior centralis nucleus of
      the raphe in the cat.
AB  - In the cat, electrical stimulation of the inferior central nucleus of the raphe
      induces a powerful analgesia. This stimulation totally suppresses the behavioural
      reactions elicited by strong pinches applied to the tail or to the four limbs; it
      strongly modifies the threshold of the jaw opening reflex obtained by tooth pulp
      stimulation and considerably affects the behavioural reactions elicited by
      continuing such stimulation. The results can be considered as evidence that the
      mechanism of analgesia from the inferior raphe nucleus is similar to that already
      described in the dorsal raphe nucleus. The analgesia obtained by stimulation of
      raphe nuclei seems to be sustained by serotoninergic mechanisms and relationships
      between these are discussed. In preliminary experiments, analgesia induced by CI
      stimulation has been suppressed by administration of naloxone, a specific opiate
      antagonist.

PMID- 1088447
TI  - Influence on touch, vibration and cutaneous pain of dorsal column stimulation in
      man.
AB  - Five patients out of a group of ten who had dorsal column electrodes implanted
      for the relief of chronic pain were examined for the influence of the stimulation
      on the spontaneous pain and on the thresholds for touch, vibration and cutaneous
      pain induced by pinching. Stimulation producing paraesthesias resulted in an
      almost immediate abolishment of spontaneous pain and was accompanied by
      significant elevations of both tactile and vibratory thresholds. Elevation of
      thresholds was confined to segments below the site of implantation and occurred
      bilaterally also when the paraesthesias were restricted to one side. The changes
      of thresholds generally persisted for some time after the stimulation but these
      effects were short lasting in comparison with the effect on spontaneous pain.
      Elevation of sensory thresholds is presumably not due to blocking of the primary
      neurones but to central inhibitory mechanisms. The thresholds for induced
      cutaneous pain were not influenced by dorsal column stimulation except for one
      case in whom an abnormally low threshold within an hyperaestethic area became
      normalized.

PMID- 1088448
TI  - Social modelling determinants of pain processes.

PMID- 1088449
TI  - Effect of a proteinase inhibitor on intermittent claudication or on pain at rest
      in patients with peripheral arterial disease.
AB  - Twenty patients with peripheral arterial disease and 10 normal controls were
      submitted to i.v. injection of aprotinin, polypeptide (mol.wt. 6512) extracted
      from bovine lung, in order to examine its effects on: (a) lower limbs pain, (b)
      lower limbs sensibility, (c) calf blood flow. Aprotinin (100,000 Ku i.v. diluted
      in NaCl  0.9%) was given in a single dose or twice a day for a week; for control
      the same subject received, before or after aprotinin, an equivalent volume of
      diluent (0.9% NaCl). The results demonstrate that aprotinin is able to increase
      the initial pain limit walking tolerance and to decrease the intensity of pain at
      rest and of myalgic or "trigger" areas. No variation was observed on skin
      sensibility and on calf blood flow, both basal resting and hyperemic. The
      favorable effect of examined polypeptide on ischemic pain can be attributed
      neither to increase of calf blood flow nor to influence on perception of painful
      stimuli. It seems therefore to suggest that aprotinin acts on biochemical
      mechanisms that cause the ischemic pain. Presumably it inhibits kininogenases and
      tissue protein-hydrolyzine enzymes activated in the course of ischemia.

PMID- 1088450
TI  - Transcutaneous electrical analgesia: a follow-up analysis.
AB  - One year follow-up data are analyzed for the effects of using transcutaneous
      neurostimulators on patients with chronic benign pain. Those who have successful
      surgery for pain relief have lower pain and analgesic intake levels than those
      who supplement their surgery with neurostimulation. Those who do not receive
      surgery for pain but use neurostimulators have greatly increased activity levels
      than those who do not use these devices. The neurostimulators lower the clinical
      pain level component of the tourniquet test score for non-surgery patients to a
      degree comparable to that of patients with successful surgical outcomes, but
      maximum pain tolerance is not significantly altered. This supports the hypothesis
      that the analgesic effect is primarily a peripheral one.

PMID- 1088451
TI  - A preliminary study about the effect of urea on frog ventricular strip.

PMID- 1088452
TI  - [Rheumatoid arthritis in pediatrics].

PMID- 1088453
TI  - [General views on the immunologic system].

PMID- 1088454
TI  - [The mononuclear phagocytic system].

PMID- 1088455
TI  - [Single neurinoma of the acoustic nerve in a child].

PMID- 1088456
TI  - Tumor-host cell hybrids in radiochimeras reconstituted with bone marrow and
      thymus grafts.
AB  - CBA/H and CBA/HT676 radiation chimeras were prepared by lethal irradiation and
      subsequent reconstitution with bone marrow of the host karyotype and thymocytes
      of the opposite karyotype. After T- and B-cell chimerism had been established,
      the animals were inoculated with SEWA or TA3Ha ascites tumor--donor cell hybrids
      were isolated following the explantation of TA3Ha tumor in selective HAT medium
      and by selecting for adherent cells from SEWA. The T6T6 chromosomal marker served
      to distinguish between the type of cell involved in the fusion. In all hybrids
      the donor component was a nonthymus-derived cell.

PMID- 1088457
TI  - [The nursing process].

PMID- 1088458
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid T & B lymphocyte responses in exacerbations of multiple
      sclerosis.

PMID- 1088459
TI  - Clinical and metabolic observations on the treatment of myoclonus with L-5-HTP
      and carbidopa.

PMID- 1088460
TI  - Endoscopy versus radiology in acute upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage.

PMID- 1088461
TI  - [Infraliminal vestibular response to sinusoidal alternate rotation test].

PMID- 1088462
TI  - The radiological features of brain abscess in congenital heart disease.

PMID- 1088463
TI  - [Comparison of the growth rate of the hypophysis of a amphibian (Rana esculenta)
      with that of a mammal (domestic albino mouse)].

PMID- 1088464
TI  - [Effects of perfusion of the celiac tripod with vasoconstrictor agent].

PMID- 1088465
TI  - National health insurance--the major proposals.

PMID- 1088466
TI  - The British system.

PMID- 1088467
TI  - [Study of the monoaminergic mechanisms of the effect of haloperidol in
      experiments using cats].
AB  - Monoaminergic mechanisms of the haloperidol action on the systems "rewards" and
      "punishments" were studied in 22 cats with nichrome electrodes implanted into the
      hypothalamus. Haloperidol was introduced against the background of the
      dopaminomimetic amantadine, precursors of biogenic amines L-DOPA, tryptophan and
      5-OTP. The inhibitory influence of haloperidol on the system "rewards" was found
      to be materialized largely at the expense of its serotonin-negative effect, while
      in the activating action of haloperidol on the system "punishment" its serotonin-
      and dopamino-negative effects partook.

PMID- 1088468
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of the internal organs of experimental animals
      after administration of different doses of chanerol].
AB  - Experiments were conducted  with rats and dogs to study the influence of
      different hanerol doses on the condition of anumber of internal organs. The drug
      was introduced in a single dose: to rats in the form of a 0.1% solution in
      amounts of 6, 8, 10, 13, 20 and 30 mg/kg and to dogs as a 0.1% solution in doses
      of 24 mg/kg. Doses of 20 and 30 mg/kg for rats and 24 mg/kg for dogs proved
      intolerable and animals perished in consequence of circulatory disturbances
      (blood effusion, thrombosis of capillaries in the lungs, spleen, suprarenals and
      in organs of the gastro-intestinal tract). On application of doses amounting to 6
      and 13 mg/kg in rats and 6-12 in dogs the animals remained alive, although the
      lungs, testes and the spleen were found to be afflicted with thrombosis of
      individual capillaries and there was demonstrable the the development of
      pneumosclerotic foci, atrophy of spermatogenic epithelium and slight splenic
      infarctions.

PMID- 1088469
TI  - Prevention of peritoneal adhesions with aprotinin (trasylol).
AB  - An objective assessment of intraperitoneal trasylol in the prevention of
      abdominal adhesions in 20 patients has shown that Trasylol resulted in a marked
      reduction in adhesions in 16 patients who underwent 'second look' procedures. No
      side-effects were noted and all wounds healed without complications.

PMID- 1088470
TI  - [Changes in the ratio of T and B lymphocytes in the genesis of rheumatoid
      disease].

PMID- 1088472
TI  - Interferential therapy.

PMID- 1088471
TI  - Cell numbers in human lymphocyte cultures stimulated with pokeweed mitogen.
AB  - As determined by electronic cell counting, the cell numbers in pokeweed mitogen
      (PWM) stimulated cultures of normal lymphocytes decreased by about 13% during the
      first day and then remained almost constant up to day 8. In contrast, a
      progressive decrease of the cell count was observed in cultures of chronic
      lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) lymphocytes reaching about 40% of the initial number
      on day 8. In PWM cultures of normal lymphocytes the transformed cells increased
      to about 20% of the cells present on day 4, whereas in cultures of CLL
      lymphocytes these cells reached only 11% on day 7.

PMID- 1088473
TI  - Some observations on the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency rickets amongst
      families of osteomalacics.

PMID- 1088474
TI  - Growth of a decentralized problem-oriented record system in a children's
      psychiatric facility.

PMID- 1088475
TI  - The effect of lesions of the accessory optic tract terminal nuclei on the gonadal
      response to light in ferrets.
AB  - Electrolytic lesions were made in the lateral (LTN), medial (MTN) or in both
      terminal nuclei of the accessory optic tract in female ferrets. Either the
      ipsilateral or contralateral eye was removed. Complete destruction of both
      nuclei, as assessed by both histological and autoradiographic criteria, did not
      prevent the acceleration of estrus by artificial long days (L:D, 14:10) in any
      animal. Although the ferret has no anterior (inferior) accessory tract, lesions
      were also made in the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) area in ipsilaterally and
      contralaterally enucleated animals. Estrus still occurred in response to
      artificial long days in these animals. The experiments suggest that the accessory
      optic system in the ferret does not transmit information to the pineal regulating
      the annual breeding season.

PMID- 1088476
TI  - Normal haemoglobin values in urban Polynesian infants: the possible deleterious
      influence of artificial feeding.
AB  - A longitudinal survey of urban Polynesian infants in the first year of life
      provided data on gastro-intestinal bleeding and haemoglobin estimations. The
      results show that urban Polynesian infants are significantly more anaemic than
      their European counterparts, and that cow's milk-induced gastro-intestinal
      bleeding may be a significant cause of this anaemia.

PMID- 1088477
TI  - Na+ and K+ levels in living cells: do they depend on the rate of outward
      transport of Na+?
AB  - At 25 degrees C, frog sartorius muslces rapidly gained Na+ and lost K+ in
      iodoacetamide and pure nitrogen. Beginning at normal levels, the concentrations
      of these ions in the cells reached those in the surrounding Ringer solution in
      140 min. Yet during that time the Na+ efflux rate showed no sign of the slowing
      down demanded by Na-pump theory. The data support the view that maintenance and
      alterations of N1+ levels in frog muslce cells reflect adsorption on protein
      sites and the solubility property of bulk phase water and are independent of the
      rate at which Na+ leaves the cell surface.

PMID- 1088478
TI  - Further investigations on the theratogenic effects of veratrin administered to
      the blastules of anuran amphibians.

PMID- 1088479
TI  - [Method for detecting the relationship between the initial degree of cellular
      resistance and its changes under the effect of the stimulants].
AB  - Methods have been elaborated for detecting the individual changes in the
      resistance of cells on the basis of the analysis of alcohol- and heat resistance
      of isolated muscles of Rana temporaria L. A correlation has been determined
      between the initial resistance level of cells and its change induced by
      experimental effects. This method allows to identify a really existing relation
      as opposed to the seeming one caused by random factors. The study of this makes
      it possible to detect the responses which fail to be found by traditional methods
      of statistical treatment of experimental material.

PMID- 1088480
TI  - [Effect of insulin and adrenaline on the respiration and glycolysis of the
      skeletal muscle of frog].
AB  - It was shown in the experiments on isolated sartorius muscles of the frog that
      insulin increased endogenous respiration by 10 mm3 O2 hr per gramm of wet weight.
      The effect of insulin and epinephrine on respiration is additive. Insulin in
      middle (5--50 milliunits/ml) and low, physiological, (50 microunits/ml)
      concentration does not induce acceleration of glycolyses. The conclusion was
      confirmed that the increase of the endogenous respiration by insulin cannot be
      accounted for by the mobilization of the substrate of glycolysis. In the presence
      of epinephrine, the low concentration (50 microunits/ml) of insulin induces the
      decrease of the content of glucose-6-phosphate. It is probably connected with the
      influence of insulin on the concentration level of the cAMP.

PMID- 1088481
TI  - [Measures in massive hemorrhages of esophageal varices].

PMID- 1088482
TI  - [The value of sclerosing of the esophageal wall and of gastro-esophageal
      disconnection for the therapy of massive, intractable hemorrhage from esophageal
      varices in portal hypertension].

PMID- 1088483
TI  - [Biphasic effect of phenylalanine- lysine-vasopressin on the lower esophageal
      sphincter and its significance in the treatment of hemorrhages from esophageal
      varices].

PMID- 1088484
TI  - [Attempts at transmission of HBs-Ag positive viral hepatitis to rats and mini
      pigs].

PMID- 1088485
TI  - [Night blindness and retinopathy in systemic diseases].

PMID- 1088486
TI  - [The concept of soft tissue rheumatism].

PMID- 1088487
TI  - [Pathology of soft tissue rheumatism].

PMID- 1088489
TI  - [Muscle rheumatism].

PMID- 1088488
TI  - [Pathology of soft tissue rheumatism].

PMID- 1088490
TI  - [Psychosomatic aspects of soft tissue rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1088491
TI  - [Clinical and animal experimental experiences in the treatment of rheumatic
      diseases with levamisole].

PMID- 1088492
TI  - [Differentiation analytic aspects of soft tissue rheumatism. Studies on German
      and Iranian patients].

PMID- 1088493
TI  - [Immunology of viral hepatitis and its complications].

PMID- 1088494
TI  - [Methods and further clinical experiences with the peptide-PABA test, an indirect
      pancreatic function test].

PMID- 1088495
TI  - [Distribution patterns of lipase isoenzymes--1st clinical experiences].

PMID- 1088496
TI  - Ethanol, serotonin metabolism, and body temperature.

PMID- 1088497
TI  - [Some factors to be considered in the evaluation of the Casoni intradermal test
      for hydatidosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088498
TI  - [The hemagglutination test using formalinized red blood cells in the diagnosis of
      hydatidosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088499
TI  - [Transparieto-transhepato-portal embolic occlusion of the left gastric vein.
      Therapeutic possibilities in intractable hemorrhages caused by ruprure of
      esophagogastric varices in the aged].

PMID- 1088500
TI  - [Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the eyeball by latero-bulbar injection of
      a delayed-action corticoid: betamethasone in suspension (Betnesol-Depot)].

PMID- 1088501
TI  - [Technic and indications for latero-bulbar injections of corticosteroids].

PMID- 1088502
TI  - [Impact and complications of intra-ocular implants (apropos of 22 cases in
      adults)].

PMID- 1088503
TI  - [Intra-ocular implants and corneal dystrophies].

PMID- 1088504
TI  - [Tissue type and uveitis. Significance of research on antigen B 27].

PMID- 1088505
TI  - [Atypical aspects of the oribital localization of histiocytosis X].

PMID- 1088506
TI  - [Study of a family with cone degeneration].

PMID- 1088507
TI  - [Corneo-cutaneous diseases].

PMID- 1088509
TI  - [Utilization of auxiliary personnel in rural health services: experience in
      Zaire].

PMID- 1088508
TI  - Development of tumours in Syrian hamsters during prolonged experimental exposure
      to nas.
AB  - In several series of experiments, nas was introduced into the buccal pouch or
      oesophagus of Syrian hamsters or applied to the dorsal skin. In one series, nas
      was administered to six consecutive generations of hamsters. No tumours appeared
      at the site of administration, although changes appeared in the mucosa of the
      buccal pouch and the oesophagus. Tumours in organs remote from the site of
      application developed only in those series in which nas was introduced into the
      buccal pouch. The commonest site of tumorigenesis was the liver, followed by the
      adrenal glands, the forestomach, and the genital organs. Tumours occurred in
      17.6% of the experimental animals compared with 3.5% of the controls.

PMID- 1088510
TI  - [Simple exponential model: catalytic function in tuberculin epidemiometry].

PMID- 1088511
TI  - The role of the individual and the community in the research, development, and
      use of biologicals with criteria for guidelines: a memorandum.
AB  - In view of the widely recognized need to use available vaccines and other
      biologicals and to develop new ones to control many diseases of world-wide
      importance, this Memorandum considers the increasingly complex problems that face
      investigators and public authorities that must review and approve pre-licensing
      studies and also large-scale regular use. It is stressed that the proper conduct
      of biologicals research in human beings must be considered from the scientific,
      sociological, ethical, and legal points of view. The Declaration of Helsinki is
      regarded of fundamental importance and its applicability to biologicals research
      is discussed. Recommendations are made for continued international collaboration
      in this field and "Criteria on the Role of the Individual and the Community in
      the Research, Development, and Use of Biologicals" are formulated. General
      criteria and specific criteria related to the design of field trials, human
      involvement in field trials, and surveillance of safety and effectiveness of
      biologicals in routine use are discussed.

PMID- 1088512
TI  - Influenza and other actue respiratory diseases in the Czech Socialist Republic,
      1969-1974.
AB  - Since 1969, the incidence of acute respiratory diseases (ARD) in the Czech
      Socialist Republic of Czechoslovakia has been monitored by a special programme
      based on reports from 85 district epidemiological centres. In this paper, the
      incidence of ARD in three age groups, together with the incidence of
      complications and death rates, are presented for each season during the period
      1969-1974. The significance of epidemiological observations and laboratory
      investigations relating to influenza and other ARD agents, such as parainfluenza
      viruses, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, RS virus, coronaviruses, and Mycoplasma
      pneumoniae, is discussed.

PMID- 1088513
TI  - Simple tests for the diagnosis of picornavirus epidemic conjunctivitis (acute
      haemorrhagic conjunctivitis).
AB  - Simple tests for the study of picornavirus epidemic conjunctivitis are described.
      The virus was successfully isolated in wells of microtitration plates containing
      HeLa cell suspension and the isolates were easily identifiable by neutralization
      in the micrometabolic inhibition test. For the estimation of antibody titre in
      patients' sera, the latter procedure was found to be as reliable as
      neutralization in tissue culture tubes. These micromethods would enable virus
      laboratories not equipped for tissue culture work to study this new ocular
      disease, which has been endemic in a number of countries since the pandemic
      outbreak of 1969-72 in Africa, Asia, and Europe (London).

PMID- 1088514
TI  - Booster effect of Sabin poliomyelitis vaccine.
AB  - Studies were carried out on 86 children aged 1-14 years who had titres of
      antibodies against poliovirus type 3 lower than 1: 32 and against type 2 higher
      than 1: 4. After a booster dose of poliomyelitis vaccine type 2+3, seroconversion
      took place in 44 (90%) of 49 children whose original titre was lower than 1: 4
      and the geometrical mean titre increased to 1: 244. Of 37 children with low
      original titres of antibodies against type 3, i.e., 1: 4, 1: 8, or 1: 16, the
      titre increased fourfold or more in 31 (84%) and the geometrical mean titre rose
      to 1: 175. In 11 children (13%), no significant increase in titre took place.

PMID- 1088515
TI  - [Use of massive hemagglutination reaction in serological diagnosis of
      Schistisimiasis mansoni schistosomiasis].

PMID- 1088516
TI  - A simple thick-smear technique for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni
      infection.
AB  - A smear technique is described in which thick glass coverslips are substituted
      for cellulose acetate film soaked in glycerine as used in the Kato technique for
      stool examination. Estimates of the sensitivity and applicability of this
      technique for Schistosoma mansoni infections indicate that it compares favourably
      with the Kato technique, especially for field use.

PMID- 1088517
TI  - Variations in infectivity for Biomphalaria glabrata in strains of Schistosoma
      mansoni from the same geographical area.
AB  - Genetic differences in infectivity for intermediate snail hosts in two strains of
      S. mansoni from the same geographical area and within a single isolated parasite
      population are reported. The importance of recognizing the potential for such
      genetic variation is stressed.

PMID- 1088518
TI  - Transmission in utero of microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus.
AB  - Skin snips from newborn children and biopsy material from the umbilical cord and
      placenta of their mothers were examined. Microfilariae of O. volvulus were found
      in the skin of 2 out of 11 babies and in the umbilical cords of 2 out of 11
      babies born to ten mothers infected with O. volvulus in Bawku Hospital, Ghana.

PMID- 1088519
TI  - [Quantitative study on the "in-vitro" trichomonicide effect of tinidazole (beta-1
      ethyl-sulfonyl-ethyl 2 methyl-5-nitroimidazole) on recently isolated strains of
      Trichomonas vaginalis].

PMID- 1088520
TI  - [Definition and evaluation of rheumatic disability].

PMID- 1088521
TI  - [Control of rheumatism: by all for all].

PMID- 1088522
TI  - [Malignant tumors of the mediastinum and current views on the thymus gland].

PMID- 1088523
TI  - Effect of malnutrition on several parameters of the immune system of children.
AB  - In order to study the relationship between nutritional status and immunity,
      certain biochemical and immunological parameters were examined in 53 children
      with mild or severe malnutrition and 35 normal controls. The levels of
      hemoglobin, total serum protein and complement (C'3) were not affected by
      malnutrition. There was a significant depression of serum albumin, transferrin
      and ceruloplasmin in the severely malnourished children. Serum IgM, IgG and IgD
      were normal in both malnourished groups. The level of serum IgA was elevated only
      in the severely malnourished children. The proportion of B cells was the same in
      all groups; howver, the frequency of T cells was reduced in the severely
      malnourished cases.

PMID- 1088524
TI  - Mechanisms of corticosteroid suppression of cytotoxic responses to alloantigens.

PMID- 1088525
TI  - [Changes of the circumferential contraction-velocity and of the local wall
      movement after aortocoronary bypass].

PMID- 1088526
TI  - [Surface morphology of leukemic B-lymphocytes].

PMID- 1088527
TI  - [Peripheral T- and B-lymphocytes after termination of a 2-year treatment using
      cytostatics in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukosis, lymphosarcoma and
      lymphogranulomatosis in full remission].

PMID- 1088528
TI  - [Changes and significance of T-lymphocytes in acute leukemia].

PMID- 1088529
TI  - [Activity of lysosomal hydrolase and acid phosphatase in T- and B-lymphocytes of
      healthy people and patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL)].

PMID- 1088530
TI  - [New aspects of the differential diagnosis of congenital and acquired
      thrombopathies].

PMID- 1088531
TI  - [Studies on the diagnosis of von Willebrand's disease and its variants].

PMID- 1088532
TI  - [Immunologic serodiagnosis of chronic polyarthritis (proceedings)].

PMID- 1088533
TI  - [Cellular immune reactions in progressive chronic polyarthritis (proceedings)].

PMID- 1088534
TI  - [Clinical aspects of primary chronic polyarthritis (proceedings)].

PMID- 1088535
TI  - [Radiodiagnosis of rheumatic diseases, shown on the hand (proceedings)].

PMID- 1088536
TI  - [An immunogenetically coded marker for the differential diagnosis of rheumatic
      diseases. Detection of modifications in the amino acid level (proceedings)].

PMID- 1088537
TI  - [Rehabilitation in rheumatic diseases (proceedings)].

PMID- 1088538
TI  - Pathologic nystagmus: a classification based on electro-oculographic recordings.
AB  - The widespread availability of eye movement recording systems has added a new
      dimension to our ability to accurately describe nystagmus. Electrooculography
      (EOG) is the simplest and most readily available system. With EOG the effect of
      loss of fixation (either with eyes closed, or eyes open in darkness) can be
      accurately assessed and quantitative evaluation of nystagmus speed, frequency and
      amplitude is easily made. Of equal importance, it provides a permanent record
      that can be compared with nystagmus recorded in other patients. By comparing
      clinical observation with paper recordings, both students and experienced
      clinicians can become more efficient in recognizing different varieties of
      nystagmus.

PMID- 1088539
TI  - Workshop on low vision mobility. Introduction.

PMID- 1088540
TI  - [Results of extraction of subluxated crystalline lenses].

PMID- 1088541
TI  - [Psoriasis and retinal adaptation (AERG)].

PMID- 1088543
TI  - Spontaneous complications of pancreatic pseudocysts [proceedings].

PMID- 1088544
TI  - [Oral surgery management of patients receiving anticoagulant therapy].

PMID- 1088542
TI  - [Conformations and interatomic distances in polymorphs of sulfanilamide].
AB  - By CNDO (Complete Neglect of Differential Overlap) molecular orbital method,
      interatomic distances and XYZ cartesian corrdinates were calculated in five
      polymorphs (monohydrated, alpha, two beta, and gamma) of sulfanilamide.
      Interatomic distances thus obtained are very close to those originally presented
      by Bells & Roblin and support the mechanism of action postulated long algo for
      sulfa drugs as being competitive antagonism with p-aminobenzoic acid.

PMID- 1088545
TI  - Bone-seeking radionuclides in the diagnosis of diseases belonging to the
      rheumatic complex.

PMID- 1088546
TI  - [Study of anti-M.A.P. antibodies in rheumatic disease of children].

PMID- 1088547
TI  - [Vascular complications in the experience of an intensive vascular therapy unit].

PMID- 1088549
TI  - Axenfeld's syndrome.

PMID- 1088548
TI  - [Echocardiographic and polygraphic evaluation of restored myocardial contractile
      function in patients with coronary disease subjected to multiple aorto-coronary
      bypass surgery].

PMID- 1088550
TI  - Bacteriological and viral serological observations in Egyptian rural school
      children with clinical signs of eye infection.

PMID- 1088551
TI  - Prevalence of ocular lesions in a rural community.

PMID- 1088552
TI  - [Comparative study on two methods of quantitative assay for von Willebrand factor
      using a washed-platelet-system and a fixed-washed-platelet-system (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1088553
TI  - The effect of lithium chloride on morphine- and pyrogen-induced hyperthermia in
      rats.
AB  - In rats, doses of morphine between 2.5 and 20 mg/kg produced hyperthermia, 50-400
      mg/kg lithium chloride induced dose-dependent hypothermia. These doses of lithium
      chloride inhibited morphine- and pyrogen-induced hyperthermia. The hypothermic
      effect of lithium may be due to the replacement of sodium ions by lithium ions in
      the hypothalamus. The antagonism between morphine and lithium is nonspecific.

PMID- 1088554
TI  - [Congenital coronary artery fistulas].

PMID- 1088555
TI  - Hearing in patients with congenital deformity of the inner ear.
AB  - Congenital abnormalities of the bony labyrinth and internal auditory meatus range
      from complete absence to minor anomalies compatible with normal cochlea function.
      A 'follow-up' survey to assess the hearing of 56 patients with abnormalities of
      the inner ear shown by tomography was made. The hearing levels are discussed in
      relation to the tomographic appearances and comparison made with other series of
      inner ear abnormalities demonstrated both radiographically and histologically.

PMID- 1088556
TI  - Incidence of congenital colour defects among the population of Rajasthan.

PMID- 1088557
TI  - Trigeminofacial herpeszoster--a case report.

PMID- 1088558
TI  - Pediatric update--childhood tuberculosis.

PMID- 1088559
TI  - [The influence of antimetabolites on Trichomonas vaginalis as an experimental
      model].
AB  - The present study was concerned with the relationship between antimetabolites and
      Trichomonas vaginalis. In all of the strains (with p-nitrobenzylether of N
      acetyldiiodtryrosine) tested, the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis was identical
      to that of the control series at concentrations up to 2 mg/ml. At higher
      concentrations a decrease in multiplication was noted. In the experimental series
      with antitrypsin, from 1 mg/ml produced an inhibiting effect upon the Trichomonas
      population. Further investigations on the combined inhibition test are envisaged.

PMID- 1088560
TI  - [Critical analysis of nursing notes].

PMID- 1088561
TI  - [Radioimmunologic determination of anti-ds DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus].

PMID- 1088563
TI  - [Problem-oriented system of charting].

PMID- 1088562
TI  - [Antinuclear antibodies: relationship with immunological classes and with anti
      DNA antibodies].

PMID- 1088564
TI  - [Effect of Solcoseryl on nerve tissue under in vitro conditions].
AB  - Explants from trigeminal ganglia and skin of chick embryos and hippocampus from
      fetal rats were cultivated in Maximow assembly in the presence of Solcoseryl
      (Solco AG, Basel), a blood extract of calf. Solcoseryl in vitro did not influence
      the regeneration of nerve fibers from CNS explants. A stimulatory effect of
      Solcoseryl in vitro by 1% concentration on the outgrowth of new processes in
      explants of PNS was demonstrated. It is discussed: under optimal concentration
      Solcoseryl may be important for the influence of the composition of the medium in
      which explants of the nerve system and skin are cultivated.

PMID- 1088565
TI  - [Effect of orotic acid on the in vitro cultured nerve tissue].
AB  - Cell- and explantcultures of the hippocampus of 18 days old fetal rats and
      explantcultures of the ganglion trigeminal of 9 days old chick embryos were
      cultivated in Maximow-chambers. Orotic acid, Sodiumorotate and
      methylglucaminorotate by concentrations of 10(-3)...10(-7) g/ml medium were added
      to the cultures. By concentrations of 10(-7) g/ml medium in the CNS-cultures and
      10(-6) g/ml medium in the PNS-cultures is stimulated the nerve fiber growth and
      is increased the nerve fiber index. After three weeks in vitro is a higher number
      of neurons in the cultures compared to the controls.

PMID- 1088566
TI  - [Morphometric studies of prepyramidal and pyramidal neurons of various
      vertebrates].
AB  - Praepyramidal and pyramidal neurons were demonstrated in homologous telencephalic
      areas of Salmo irideus (Gibbons 1855), Rana temporaria L., Rattus norvegicus,
      forma alba, by means of the Golgi-technique. A comparative morphometrical
      analysis was made concerning the following parameters: main dendritic length,
      length of the pericaryon, number of dendritic spines in the first 50-micrometer
      dendritic segment and length of the spines-free zone. From these data a quotient
      was calculated and expressing the theoretical dendritic length per ten spines.
      There is an increase of length of the pericaryon, length of the spines-free zone,
      main dendritic length and a pseudo-decrease of the number of dendritic spines in
      the first 50 micrometer-dendritic segment in rats, as compared with Rana and
      Salmo. The results are discussed with respect to following problems: homology,
      phylogenesis and corticalisation.

PMID- 1088567
TI  - Action of ethanol and other solvents on the nerve tissue under in vitro
      conditions.
AB  - Explants and cells of nervous tissue were cultivated in the presence of aethanol,
      tween 80, dimethylformamid (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxid (DMSO) and the influence
      upon the index of area, the growth rate and fiber index was observed. They are
      important to solutions of drugs for tests in vitro. At the beginning of the
      cultivation aethanol in vitro influenced the regeneration of nerve fibers from
      explants and cells. A significant increase of the index of growth was observed.
      After a long term influence of tween 80, DMF and DMSO an inhibition of
      differentiation of neurons in vitro was observed.

PMID- 1088568
TI  - [Electrohydraulic lithotrity].

PMID- 1088569
TI  - [X-ray cinematographic studies of local ventricular dynamics after aortocoronary
      bypass].
AB  - In 12 patients with high-grade coronary stenosis local motility before and after
      aortocoronary vein bypass was estimated by cineradiography of coronary
      bifurcations and surgically implanted myocardial metal markers. A group of
      patients with relief of angina showed significant increase of local segment
      shortening within the first postoperative days. During the following months no
      further alteration occurred. In three patients with persisting angina no
      improvement of local motility could be found.

PMID- 1088570
TI  - Coronary and contractile reserve in the dog heart with chronic multiple coronary
      occlusions before and after aortocoronary bypass.
AB  - Peak isovolumetric left ventricular pressure and dp/dtmax before and after
      norepinephrine (N.E.) infusion and cross-clamping of the aorta was identical in
      normal dogs and in dogs with chronic coronary artery occlusion (C.C.O.) before
      and after aortocoronary bypass. In normal dogs, coronary reserve was 7.9 and 7.4
      times control for the subendocardium and the subepicardium. After C.C.O.,
      coronary reserve was 7.0 and 5.7 times control in the normal area and 2.4 and 3.5
      times control in the collateral dependent area (endo vs. epi). After N.E.
      myocardial blood flow increased to 57% of the coronary reserve in normal dogs,
      and to 100% in dogs with C.C.O. After bypass, myocardial blood flow normalized.
      In dogs with C.C.O., N.E. stimulated the contractile reserve maximally and the
      coronary reserve is completely expended.

PMID- 1088571
TI  - [Stimulation and differentiation of lymphocytes after injuries].
AB  - In seven patients who underwent major trauma, stimulation of lymphocytes with
      phytohaemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen, and concanavalin A was investigated.
      Furthermore the differentiation of lymphocytes into T- and B-cells was studied.
      The synthesis rates of DNA (3H-thymidine incorporation) and RNA (3H-uridine
      incorporation) are qualitatively depressed at different time intervals. The T-
      and B-cell relation is altered in favor of the B-lymphocytes.

PMID- 1088572
TI  - Diagnostic value of humeral angiography and iodoventriculography. Comparison in
      the study of paediatric neurosurgical pathology.

PMID- 1088573
TI  - Diagnostic value of water-soluble contrast iodoventriculomyelography in the study
      of Arnold-Chiari syndrome.

PMID- 1088574
TI  - Controlled overpressure pantopaque ventriculography. A method in detecting
      communicating hydrocephalus.

PMID- 1088575
TI  - Sodium-calcium exchange in regulation of cardiac contraction.
AB  - The origin and possible regulatory mechanism of tonic tension (ICa-independent
      component of active contractile activity) were investigated in frog antrial
      muscle under voltage-clamp conditions. Replacement of NaCl by LiCl resulted in a
      fast decrease in tonic tension; a similar fast decrease of this contractile
      component was induced by Ca-free solution. When low Na Ringer's solution was
      applied, tonic tension increased transiently and then decreased to a steady
      amplitude; at return to normal Ringer's, a further, substantial decrease in tonic
      tension occurred before the original level was reached. Similar behavior of tonic
      tension was observed when both [Na] o and [Ca]o were lowered, but the ratio
      [Ca]o/[Na]o2 remained constant; the transient changes were prevented by using low
      Ca and Na solutions and keeping the ratio of [Ca]o/[Na]o5 constant. The
      significance of Na-Ca exchange in regulating tonic tension and the possibility
      that this exchange may be electrogenic are discussed.

PMID- 1088576
TI  - Relaxation of frog myocardium.
AB  - Tension fall of frog heart contraction was analyzed under voltage-clamp
      conditions. It appears mostly exponential. The rate of relaxation depends upon
      the extracellular and intracellular Na concentrations. This suggests that the
      relaxation is under the control of Na-Ca exchange. The speeding up of relaxation
      by adrenaline in frog heart is revealed by low Na solution, while it is hidden by
      the primordial Na-Ca exchange in Ringer's solution.

PMID- 1088577
TI  - Membrane calcium current in cardiac excitation: effects of ATP and related
      substances and sodium pump on bullfrog atrium.

PMID- 1088579
TI  - Long-term survival following aortocoronary artery bypass: analysis of 4,522
      consecutive patients.

PMID- 1088578
TI  - Dual effects of fluoride on the action potential, contraction, and membrane
      currents in frog atrial muscle.
AB  - The effects of NaF (10(-7) - 10(-2) M) on the membrane potential, current, and
      contractile tension in bullfrog atrial muscle were investigated under voltage
      clamped or unclamped conditions. NaF showed two opposite actions, positive and
      negative inotropic effects, depending on the concentration of the drug. NaF in
      lower concentrations produced a marked increase in contractility, a moderate
      prolongation of action potential, an augmentation of calcium response, and an
      increase of ICa-dependent tension. Contrarily, NaF in higher concentrations
      produced an inhibition of contractile tension associated with a shortening of
      action potential, an increase in potassium conductance, and an inhibition of
      calcium response. These results indicate that NaF affects the contractile
      response by dual mechanisms.

PMID- 1088580
TI  - Gastric bleeding due to segmental portal hypertension. A case report.

PMID- 1088581
TI  - Tumor immunology. A neurosurgical perspective. I. General concepts of tumor
      immunology.
AB  - In the quest for the elusive cure of human neoplasms, considerable effort has
      been expended over the course of the past 10 years to define the immune system as
      it relates to the development and evolution of cancer in man. At this time thera
      is ample evidence for, but incomplete of, the existence of a multifactorial
      immunosurveillance system that is important in the production and control of
      neoplasms. The framework for this system has been defined and its modification,
      with the development and progression of various neoplasms, has been studied with
      great detail. These studies have been undertaken with the hope of harnessing
      immune mechanisms and altering their response in favor of the host's defenses
      related to the evolving tumor. This paper will review the major principles and
      concepts that have evolved.

PMID- 1088583
TI  - Management of patients with disorders of the haemostatic mechanism.

PMID- 1088582
TI  - [Electrostimulation].

PMID- 1088584
TI  - [Injectable formulation of Rofenid. Clinical efficience of a new parenteral
      therapy in reumatology (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088585
TI  - Hemostasis in the Egyptian female in ante and post partum haemorrhage.

PMID- 1088586
TI  - Serum calcium in relation to E.C.G. changes in hepatosplenic bilharziasis with
      ruptured oesophago-gastric varices. (A preliminary report).

PMID- 1088587
TI  - [Value and limitations of immunodiagnosis in collagen diseases].

PMID- 1088588
TI  - [Tryptophan metabolism in systemic scleroderma in comparison with immunological
      phenomena].

PMID- 1088589
TI  - [Value of the modified Roiron medium for the simultaneous detection of urogenital
      tract infection by Trichomonas vaginalis and yeast-like fungi in humans].

PMID- 1088590
TI  - Inhibition of spontaneous E-rosetting by antithymocyte globulin in Graves
      disease.
AB  - The number of thymus-dependent (T) lymphocytes and the concentrations of
      antithymocyte-globulin causing 25% inhibition of E-rosetting were determined in
      40 cases of Graves disease. No significant difference in T-lymphocyte count was
      found between the test groups and the control group. An increased resistance of T
      lymphocytes to antithymocyte globulin was found in Graves disease, particularly
      in its form marked by progressive ophthalmopathy. The increase in resistance was
      significant in the first five years of the disease.

PMID- 1088591
TI  - Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Note II. Biological function.

PMID- 1088592
TI  - Determination of OH 5 tryptophan by chromato-spectrofluorimetry in carcinoid
      tumors.
AB  - We have suggested the determination of different indolic metabolites of
      tryptophan: OH 5 trptophan (5 HTP), OH 5 tryptamine (5 HT), OH 5 indolyl-acetic
      acid (5 HIA) by column chromatography on cationic coupled with spectrofluorimetry
      after amplification obtained with o-phtaldehyde. The different metabolites are
      determined alone or simultaneously depending on the buffer used. The following
      qualitates are examined: sensitivity, specificity, accuracy. We have established
      normal reference values. For 5 HTP the normal values in urine are less than or
      equal to 50 microgram per day. In 12 cases of carcinoid tumors we have measured 5
      HIA, 5 HTP, 5 HT and calculated the ratio between 5 HT and 5 HTP in the urine
      which makes it possible to have an idea of the enzyme activity in the
      hydroxyindol pathway in cases of intestinal and bronkial carcinoids.

PMID- 1088594
TI  - Fire hits big dental lab.

PMID- 1088593
TI  - Enzymic studies on the metabolism of 5-hydroxyindoles in the brain.
AB  - It was shown that rat brain extract catalysed the formation of 5HIAA from 5HTP
      via a transamination pathway which does not contain 5HT but 5
      hydroxyindolepyruvic acid as an intermediate.

PMID- 1088595
TI  - Your dental program. Columbus Technical Institute.

PMID- 1088596
TI  - [Alpha-amylase in surgical odontology].

PMID- 1088597
TI  - Effects of cetylpyridinium chloride containing lozenges on dental plaque and
      gingival bleeding.

PMID- 1088598
TI  - Some systemic causes for the premature exfoliation of primary teeth.

PMID- 1088599
TI  - [Hemophilia].

PMID- 1088600
TI  - [Consideration of serious post-extraction hemorrhages in hemophiliac patients].

PMID- 1088601
TI  - [Experimental studies on reduction of blood loss during surgical operation with a
      vasoconstrictor (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088602
TI  - Urethane modification of EEG-like activity and acoustically evoked field
      potentials recorded from deep nuclei.
AB  - Average acoustic-evoked responses (AAER) and EEGs were recorded from the lateral
      hypothalamus (LH), ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), medial forebrain bundle (MFB)
      and reticular formation (RF) of freely behaving rats before and after various
      doses (0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 g/5g) of the anesthetic drug, urethane. The effect of a
      surgical level of urethane (1.2 g/5g) over time (8--14 h) was also studied.
      Urethane produced a dose-dependent slowing in the EEG frequency. The effect of
      1.2 g/kg over time was a bimodal depression of the EEG frequency. Three
      components of the AAER were recorded consistently and evaluated in terms of
      amplitude. With increasing doses, the early component (P2) was depressed in the
      LH2, VMH and MFB, but not in the RF which remained at control values or higher.
      The later components (N2 and P2) were depressed in all four structures. This
      suggests that urethane may be blocking the integrative function of the RF, as
      well as in the thalamus, resulting in lower sensory input to higher CNS
      structures.

PMID- 1088603
TI  - Technique for radiofrequency gasserian ganglionectomy.
AB  - Indications, technical procedures, and complications are discussed for the
      performance of thermal electrocoagulation of the trigeminal preganglionic
      rootlets and gasserian ganglion. Specific steps in preoperative evaluation,
      premedication, anesthetic management, and technical performance of graded lesion
      making utilizing radiographic control, physiologic stimulation and intraoperative
      patient monitoring are discussed. A survey of complications is presented.

PMID- 1088604
TI  - Solid-phase immunoradiometric assay of factor-VIII protein.
AB  - A solid phase immunoradiometric assay for factor-VIII protein has been developed
      using 125I-labelled rabbit antibody made against highly purified factor VIII.
      Antibody specific for high molecular weight factor-VIII protein was isolated
      using an immunoadsorbent consisting of highly purified factor VIII bound to
      diazotized m-aminobenzyl (oxymethyl)-cellulose. The purified anti-factor VIII
      antibody was labelled with 125I while bound to the immunoadsorbent and then
      eluted at pH 2.9. Dilutions of plasma samples for assay were incubated for 48 h
      in anti-factor VIII antibody-coated tubes. The tubes were washed to remove
      unbound proteins and the 125I-labelled, purified antibody was added. After 48 h
      incubation the tubes were washed to remove unbound antibody and counted. The
      concentration of immunoreactive factor-VIII protein in pooled normal human plasma
      was determined to be 8 microgram/ml. The minimum amount of factor VIII measured
      by the assay is less than 0.16 ng. Factor-VIII protein was present in normal
      concentration in haemophilia A plasma, and in reduced concentration in von
      Willebrand's disease plasma. The method has the advantages of improved
      sensitivity, specificity, efficiency and economy as compared with previous factor
      VIII immunoassays.

PMID- 1088605
TI  - [Survival following myocardial revascularization].

PMID- 1088606
TI  - Bleeding index: a new indicator in personal plaque control.

PMID- 1088607
TI  - Innovations in health care delivery for patients with end-stage renal disease
      (ESRD).
AB  - Increasing requirements for dialysis treatment, financial restraints, quality
      control and the need to increase the efficiency of professionals involved in the
      delivery and supervision of chronic dialysis services have stimulated the
      development of innovative techniques in dialysis health care delivery. The
      Regional Kidney Disease Program, located at Hennepin County Medical Center, has
      pioneered the development and application of several innovations to achieve more
      effective regional delivery of dialysis therapy. Three of the major innovations
      we have developed are described. They include a computerized automated medical
      information system, an unique multimedia modified programmed learning training
      program for allied health personnel and a dialysis nurse practitioner program.
      Several of these innovations have potential application as models for other
      developments in modern health care delivery.

PMID- 1088609
TI  - [The influence of hemophilia occurrence on family size].

PMID- 1088608
TI  - Effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on synaptic potentials of the frog
      neuromuscular junction.
AB  - The action of neostigmine and armin on the parameters of synaptic potentials of
      the m. cutaneus pectoris of the frog was investigated. Both drugs caused an
      approximately equal increase in amplitude of miniature end-plate potentials
      (MEPP) and end-plate potentials (EPP), and lengthened the rise time and the half
      decay time of EPP, but the effect of armin developed faster. The presynaptic
      action of both inhibitors was demonstrated (an increase in the frequency of MEPP
      and in the quantum composition of EPP), but it developed much more slowly than
      the postsynaptic effects; it was more marked in the case of neostigmine.
      Administration of armin after preliminary contact with neostigmine increased the
      duration of EPP somewhat, but did not potentiate the presynaptic effects. No
      significant changes were observed when neostigmine was given after armin. The
      possible mechanism of the presynaptic effects of the cholinesterase inhibitors is
      discussed.

PMID- 1088610
TI  - [Severe congenital heart defects in children below 2 years of age. Occurrence in
      the East-Bohemian Region, 1970-1974].

PMID- 1088611
TI  - [Angiofollicular hyperplasia in a 13-year-old boy].

PMID- 1088612
TI  - [Bacterial autovaccine therapy in children with respiratory allergy in early
      childhood].

PMID- 1088613
TI  - [Renal osteodystrophy].

PMID- 1088614
TI  - [Neurologic manifestations in juvenile diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1088615
TI  - [Pregnancy and labor following therapy of an infertile marriage].

PMID- 1088616
TI  - [Our experiences with the diagnosis of kraurosis vulvae].

PMID- 1088617
TI  - [Pregnancy and labor in women with congenital heart defects].

PMID- 1088618
TI  - [Persistence and recurrence of precancerous conditions of the cervic following
      conservative surgery].

PMID- 1088619
TI  - [Chromatoelectrophoresis of hormones labeled with radioisotopes].

PMID- 1088620
TI  - [Detailed study of the daily secretion of pituitary gonadotropins].

PMID- 1088621
TI  - [Our expereiences with the analysis of lecithin in the amniotic fluid].

PMID- 1088622
TI  - [Our experience with vacuum extraction during labor].

PMID- 1088623
TI  - [The foramen mentale mediale on the orthopantomogram].

PMID- 1088624
TI  - [Amelogenesis imperfecta].

PMID- 1088625
TI  - [Reaction of cells cultured in vitro to composite filling materials].

PMID- 1088626
TI  - [Chronic intrahepatic cholestasis following chlorpromazine; treated using
      phenobarbital].

PMID- 1088627
TI  - [Attempt to determine the significance of gonioscopy during indication for
      surgery in glaucoma].

PMID- 1088628
TI  - [Microcinematographic monitoring of adhesion and dilatation of cells cultured in
      vitro].

PMID- 1088629
TI  - [Surgical therapy of Meniere's disease. Study of various conservative technics on
      the temporal bone].

PMID- 1088630
TI  - Hemorrhage in dentistry.

PMID- 1088631
TI  - Chondrodysplasia punctate (Conradi's syndrome).

PMID- 1088632
TI  - Sequential faradism in quadriceps rehabilitation.

PMID- 1088633
TI  - [Etiology, prevention and therapy of hemorrhage in minor dental surgery].

PMID- 1088634
TI  - [Resivit in stomatology].

PMID- 1088636
TI  - [Root canal hemorrhages in endodontics: a preventive solution].

PMID- 1088635
TI  - The effect of ubiquinone-7 and its metabolites on the immune response. II.
      Adjuvant activity on the circulating antibody production and the effect on the
      liver lysosomal membrane.
AB  - The effects of the fat-soluble vitamins (retinol, alpha-tocopherol, phylloquinone
      and ubiquinone) and their related compounds were investigated on the immune
      response in vivo. E acid-I, dihydro E acid-I, ES-6, K acid-I, Q acid-II and QS-3
      act as adjuvants on the production of circulating antibody to bacterial alpha
      amylase in mice when they are immunized with in the water phase of water-in-oil
      emulsion. These compounds, however, can not act as adjuvants in enhancing helper
      activity of carrier-primed T-cells using an adoptive transfer system in mice. It
      is also shown that these compounds have no adjuvant activity on the development
      of delayed type hypersensitivity to ABA-N-acetyltyrosine in guinea pigs. No
      definite correlation between the adjuvant activity of these compounds and their
      labilizing activity on rat-liver lysosomal membrane was found.

PMID- 1088638
TI  - [Rheumatology and dentistry].

PMID- 1088637
TI  - ad and ay subtypes of hepatitis B antigen in a case of hypogammaglobulinaemia.
AB  - We describe the finding of d and y specificities of hepatitis B surface antigen
      (HBsAg) in a case of hypogammaglobulinaemia of the 'common variable' type treated
      with fresh frozen plasma infusions. Absorption studies show that the two
      specificities are on separate particles, suggesting dual infection. It raises
      important questions regarding the relationship between HBsAg persistence and the
      immune status of the carrier.

PMID- 1088639
TI  - [Oral manifestations of histiocytosis X. 2 cases].

PMID- 1088640
TI  - [Astringent substances for localized bleeding].

PMID- 1088641
TI  - Retroperitoneal injuries of the duodenum caused by blunt abdominal trauma.
AB  - Five patients with blunt retroperitoneal injury of the duodenum are presented. In
      three of them the trauma was caused by a traffic accident, the most common
      mechanism of such injuries. One patient died. The high index of suspicion is
      still the best indication for laparotomy in retroperitoneal injuries of the
      duodenum, because no typical finding or reliably diagnostic test could be
      demonstrated even in the present study. The proper treatment in less severe
      injuries of the retroperitoneal duodenum is evacuation of the hematoma or simple
      suture of the rupture with drainage and naso-gastric suction. Internal drainage
      as an afferent jejunostomy is sometimes necessary in the treatment of more severe
      injuries. Pancreatoduodenectomy is to be reserved for only the very severe
      duodenal injuries, where the head of the pancreas is badly crushed.

PMID- 1088642
TI  - [Unusual case of implant prosthesis].

PMID- 1088643
TI  - [Operative technique with endosseous blades of Linkow].

PMID- 1088644
TI  - [Oral rehabilitation with horizontal non-parallel pinledges and endosseous
      blades].

PMID- 1088645
TI  - [Oral hygiene in the dental office. Practical considerations].

PMID- 1088646
TI  - [Dental plaque, prospectives and possibilities in caries prophylaxis].

PMID- 1088647
TI  - [Dental caries and integral prevention].

PMID- 1088648
TI  - [Milk as vehicle for fluoridation, also as a means of prevention of tooth
      disease].

PMID- 1088649
TI  - [Fundamental norms of oral hygiene for parents and teachers].

PMID- 1088650
TI  - [Indications and contraindications for removable and fixed orthodontic
      appliances].

PMID- 1088651
TI  - [Glabello-maxillary suspension in the treatment of jaw fractures].

PMID- 1088652
TI  - [Use of lyophilized dura in intra-oral leukoplakia].

PMID- 1088654
TI  - [Technique for obtaining refined ceramics with dense mass].

PMID- 1088653
TI  - [At the margins of stomatologic radiology].

PMID- 1088655
TI  - [Implantation from the viewpoint of the practitioner. Blade implantation].

PMID- 1088656
TI  - [Dielectric current in implantation prosthesis].

PMID- 1088657
TI  - [Oral hygiene in the dental office. Practical considerations].

PMID- 1088658
TI  - [Preventive or punitive dentistry?].

PMID- 1088659
TI  - [A preventive program in effect at 2 elementary schools].

PMID- 1088661
TI  - [Recent study and progress in plaque control].

PMID- 1088662
TI  - [Recent studies on the inhibitory process in the formation of dental plaque].

PMID- 1088660
TI  - [Chemical control of dental plaque].

PMID- 1088663
TI  - [Chlorhexidine].

PMID- 1088664
TI  - [Origin of oral hygiene teaching in Holland].

PMID- 1088666
TI  - [Problems of dental implantation].

PMID- 1088665
TI  - [Development of the mandible with reference to the Begg technique].

PMID- 1088667
TI  - [Clinical case. A case of repositioning of 2 lingually impacted lower canines].

PMID- 1088668
TI  - [Porcelain fused on the occlusal surface of a dental alloy restoration].

PMID- 1088669
TI  - [Color in dental ceramics].

PMID- 1088670
TI  - [Anatomy of a composite--Enamelite].

PMID- 1088671
TI  - [Fascination of dental transplantation].

PMID- 1088673
TI  - [Endosseous blades for a free saddle].

PMID- 1088672
TI  - [Endodontic-endosseous implants: biological considerations].

PMID- 1088674
TI  - [The problems of prosthetic-dental implants at present level of our knowledge].

PMID- 1088675
TI  - [Fungal lesions of the oral mucosa].

PMID- 1088676
TI  - [Nutrition in the prevention of dental caries].

PMID- 1088677
TI  - [Caries prophylaxis is in a local health service program: the experience of the
      mountain community of Val Pellice].

PMID- 1088678
TI  - [Preventive medicine as it works at the community of Cinisello Balsamo].

PMID- 1088679
TI  - [Conditions and stability factors in the therapy for class II, division 2].

PMID- 1088680
TI  - [Polyacrylic resins in dental technique].

PMID- 1088681
TI  - [Considerations on implants].

PMID- 1088683
TI  - [Primary tumors of the lower lip].

PMID- 1088682
TI  - [Management of a case of amelogenesis imperfecta and open bite using a composite
      resin (Nuova System)].

PMID- 1088684
TI  - [Frenulectomy].

PMID- 1088685
TI  - [Analysis of a work system for general dentistry].

PMID- 1088687
TI  - [Experiences of a school dentist].

PMID- 1088686
TI  - [Children can help avoid dental caries].

PMID- 1088688
TI  - [Role of the medical student in a program of preventive dentistry].

PMID- 1088689
TI  - [How to fight the nausea reflex in the edentulous patient].

PMID- 1088690
TI  - [A pilot experiment for caries control].

PMID- 1088691
TI  - [Dental sanitary education in schools].

PMID- 1088692
TI  - [Histopathologic study of the cervical zone around implants].

PMID- 1088693
TI  - [Zonal indications in endosseous implants].

PMID- 1088694
TI  - [Role of the root canal cements].

PMID- 1088695
TI  - [Psychological reasons for sucking].

PMID- 1088696
TI  - [Eruption cyst].

PMID- 1088697
TI  - [Surgical technics and prevention of dental diseases in hemophilia].

PMID- 1088698
TI  - [Consequences of lost and not replaced teeth in the adult].

PMID- 1088699
TI  - [The attachment with preventive aim].

PMID- 1088700
TI  - [Controversy on fluoride].

PMID- 1088701
TI  - [Practical experiences with dental caries prophylaxis].

PMID- 1088703
TI  - [New technic in the field of conservation].

PMID- 1088702
TI  - [Is it possible to eat sweets without damaging the teeth].

PMID- 1088704
TI  - [Program of prophylaxis and dental prevention].

PMID- 1088705
TI  - [Fluoride in the milk for feeding children].

PMID- 1088706
TI  - [After 23 years].

PMID- 1088707
TI  - [A clinical case of increased, so-called hormonal, particularly extensive
      gingival volume].

PMID- 1088708
TI  - [The Nuva System in reconstruction of the angles of fractured teeth].

PMID- 1088709
TI  - Fractionation of human blood lymphocytes on Helix pomatia A haemagglutinin
      coupled to sepharose beads.
AB  - Treatment of human blood lymphocytes with neuraminidase has previously been shown
      to uncover receptors for the A haemagglutinin of the snail Helix pomatia (HP).
      Neuraminidase-treated lymphocytes were now fractionated on columns charged with
      large Sepharose particles to which HP had been coupled covalently. HP-receptor
      negative (HP-) lymphocytes passed the columns while HP-receptor positive (HP+)
      lymphocytes were retained. The latter cells were eluted by addition of the
      competitive hapten N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (D-GalNAc). The total yield of cells
      recovered after fractional was 60-80% Surface marker studies indicated that there
      was no selective loss of any of the major lymphocyte subpopulations. The fraction
      that passed the columns (fraction I) consisted of approximately 10% of all
      lymphocytes. It contained approximately 1% HP+cells and approximately 3% of all
      lymphocytes forming rosettes which sheep erythrocytes (E+ cells) present before
      fractionation. 50-55% of the lymphocytes in this fraction had surface-bound
      immunoglobulin (SIg+ cells) and complement receptors (EAC+ cells). Of the SIg+
      cells, approximately 60% were true B cells while the remaining 40% had IgG
      adsorbed to their surface. The majority of the B cells were recovered in this
      fraction. The lymphocytes of this fraction responded poorly to T-cell mitogen but
      had an enhanced K-cell activity to chicken erythrocytes. Elution of the cells
      retained on the column with 0.1 mg/ml D-GalNAc gave a fraction II, consisting of
      approximately 15% of all lymphocytes. This fraction had a mixed composition. The
      majority of the cells (approximately 45%) were recovered by subsequent elution
      with 1.0 mg/ml D-GalNAc. This fraction III was strongly enriched with HP+ and E+
      cells (T cells). About 10% of the HP+ cells in this fraction were SIg+. However,
      on the majority of these cells this surface-bound immunoglobulin was probably
      externally absorbed IgG. These HP+-SIg" cells were also EAC+ and had Fc
      receptors, as shown by rosette formation with IgG-coated bovine erythrocytes. The
      lymphocytes of fraction III responded most strongly to T-cell mitogen while their
      K-cell activity was weak.

PMID- 1088710
TI  - SRBC rosette formation as a human T lymphocyte marker.
AB  - This paper describes a technique utilizing rosette formation with sheep red blood
      cells as a human T lymphocyte marker, and separation of T cells by rosette
      sedimentation.

PMID- 1088711
TI  - Lymphocyte binding of aggregated immunoglobulin.
AB  - This paper describes lymphocyte binding of aggregated immunoglobulin, which
      appears to bind to B lymphocytes and the third lymphocyte-like cell population.
      The applications of aggregated Ig binding are also discussed, and the relation to
      Fc receptors and Ia-like antigens.

PMID- 1088712
TI  - [Oral surgery procedures for patients under anticoagulant therapy].

PMID- 1088713
TI  - [Traumatic displacement of the crystalline lens].

PMID- 1088714
TI  - [Comparative clinical laboratory investigations on the effect of certain
      essential oils in the complex therapy of periodontal hemorrhage].

PMID- 1088715
TI  - Antibody synthesis by chicken spleen cells in vitro. I. Requirements of B cells
      at various stages after immunization for T cells, macrophages and antigen.

PMID- 1088716
TI  - The role of macrophages in the generation of T helper cells. III. Influence of
      macrophage-derived factors in helper cell induction.
AB  - Helper cell induction to soluble or particulate antigens in vitro requires the
      cooperation of T cells and macrophages. A direct contact between macrophages and
      T cells is not obligatory for this cooperation and factors released from
      macrophages are as effective in activating T cells as the cells themselves. Two
      different types of macrophage-derived factors where found. The supernatant
      obtained from purified macrophages incubated with antigen for several days
      generates helper cells in absence of macrophages or additional antigen, but only
      if obtained from macrophages which were identical at the I-A subregion of the H-2
      complex as the T cells. This factor was called genetically related macrophages
      factor (GRF). The other factor(s), which is present in the supernatant obtained
      from macrophages incubated for several days without antigen, replaces macrophages
      only if the antigen is particulate. This factor(s), called nonspecific macrophage
      factor (NMF) is not restricted genetically and is also obtained from allogeneic
      macrophages. The importance of both these factors in helper cell induction is
      discussed.

PMID- 1088717
TI  - Selective intraarterial infusion of vasopressin for control of gastrointestinal
      bleeding: experience with 35 cases.
AB  - Selective intraarterial infusion of vasopressin was performed in 32 patients for
      35 episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding. Active bleeding was from esophageal
      varices in 11 cases and from an arterial site in 22 (stomach 11, duodenum 1,
      jejunum 2, colon 7, liver 1), including a jejunal diverticulum and a colonic
      ulcer in Behcet's disease. Two patients, not actively bleeding, were infused for
      portal decompression before an elective mesocaval shunt. Active bleeding was
      controlled in 64% of patients with variceal hemorrhage and in 59% of those with
      arterial sources. Infusion periods ranged from 15 minutes to 70 hours. There were
      no significant complications directly attributable to this therapy.

PMID- 1088718
TI  - Intramural duodenal hematoma in children.  The role of the radiologist in its
      conservative management.
AB  - Excellent results can be obtained with conservative therapy of intramural
      duodenal hematomas, and thus the radiologist plays a crucial role in their
      management and followup. Six children in in whom intramural duodenal hematoma was
      diagnosed, based on clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings, were managed
      conservatively. Treatment consisted of restricted oral intake, intravenous
      infusion of fluids and electrolytes, and nasogastric suction when indicated. The
      satisfactory response of these patients to nonoperative therapy was demonstrated
      on serial upper gastrointestinal studies and by regression of clinical signs and
      symptoms.

PMID- 1088719
TI  - Intramural gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Clinical and radiographic manifestations.
AB  - The clinical and radiographic manifestations of intramural gastrointestinal
      hemorrhage are presented together with a review of the literature. The
      observations described are based on the analysis of 20 cases affecting different
      segments of the gastrointestinal tract. The pathologic process is induced
      principally by anticoagulant therapy, bleeding diathesis, or abdominal trauma and
      occurs as a localized, well-defined, intramural mass or as a more diffuse
      segmental involvement. The clinical features are nonspecific and can vary from
      mild crampy abdominal pain to severe shock. Other manifestations include rebound
      tenderness, muscle guarding, and small bowel obstruction. The duodenum and small
      bowel are the most frequent sites of involvement. The intestinal mucosal folds
      may be prominent, stretched, and sharply defined or completely affaced,
      accompanied by a smooth narrowing. There is rapid clinical and radiographic
      remission with conservative therapy. Intestinal perforations and fibrotic
      strictures resulting in small bowel obstruction are a rarity, observed only in
      the posttraumatic variety.

PMID- 1088720
TI  - [Preoperative regime in dentistry when facing the risk of hemorrhage].

PMID- 1088721
TI  - Growth and development in travelling families.

PMID- 1088722
TI  - Current research on the pain of trigeminal neuralgia.

PMID- 1088723
TI  - [Repair process in dental extraction wounds following "bone wax" implantation.
      Histological study in rats].

PMID- 1088724
TI  - [Selection of the influenza virus vaccinal strain by means of crossed protection
      experiments on mice].

PMID- 1088725
TI  - [Importance of blood clotting in dentistry].

PMID- 1088726
TI  - Pseudotumor cerebri--a dangerous diagnosis.

PMID- 1088727
TI  - Analysis of cases with non tumourous intracranial hypertension.

PMID- 1088728
TI  - Computerized axial tomography. The EMI scanner its application to paediatric
      neurology.

PMID- 1088729
TI  - The identification of agenesis of the septum pellucidum by ventriculography in
      eleven infants.

PMID- 1088730
TI  - Hypotonic syndrome accompanied by paroxysmal paralyses and skew deviation.

PMID- 1088731
TI  - Antibiotics and defence mechanisms in the body.

PMID- 1088732
TI  - The value and the tolerance of troleandomycin in the long-term treatment of
      asthma and chronic bronchitis.

PMID- 1088733
TI  - Triacetyl-oleandomycin in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract
      infections (report on a multicenter study).

PMID- 1088734
TI  - Troleandomycine in day-to-day practice: a review of the results of a multi-centre
      international study.

PMID- 1088735
TI  - [Proceedings of the International Symposium on Troleandomycin. Discussion].

PMID- 1088736
TI  - The microbiological characteristics of troleandomycin.

PMID- 1088737
TI  - Ultra-structural aspects of the liver following the administration of TAO.

PMID- 1088738
TI  - The clinical use of antibiotics in paediatrics with particular reference to
      troleandomycin.

PMID- 1088739
TI  - The general properties of troleandomycin.

PMID- 1088740
TI  - Hypertension and color blindness in young men.
AB  - Medical data from Selective Service registrants born from 1939 to 1941 were
      studied in Oregon and Colorado. Among 29,119 registrants with medical information
      (41.3% of all registrants), 1,073 (3.6%) had definite hypertension, and 1,226
      (4.2%) had some type of color blindness. In both states, there was a highly
      significant association between the prevalence of hypertension and the prevalence
      of color blindness. Thus, definite hypertension was present in 6.0% of color
      clind individuals but in only 3.6% of those with unimparied color vision, while
      color blindness occurred in 6.8% with definite hypertension, in 5.8% with
      borderline hypertension, and in only 4.0% with normal blood pressure. The data
      did not differentiate among types of color blindness, and the reason for the
      association is not yet evident.

PMID- 1088741
TI  - Bypass surgery for Prinzmetal variant angina.

PMID- 1088745
TI  - [Value of an anti-inflammatory agent in dentistry].

PMID- 1088746
TI  - [Experimental study of the pathogenesis of amniotic embolism].

PMID- 1088747
TI  - [Phenotypes Pi MS, MZ alpha, antitrypsin and lung disease].

PMID- 1088748
TI  - [Willebrand's disease and dentistry].

PMID- 1088749
TI  - [Neurology. 6].

PMID- 1088750
TI  - [Intracranial aneurysms in pregnant women. Presentation of 4 cases operated].

PMID- 1088751
TI  - [Artificial capillary kidney. Clinical experience with 220 hemodialysis].

PMID- 1088752
TI  - [Incidence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Negroes of Minas
      Gerais].

PMID- 1088753
TI  - [Orientation for the surgical treatment of duodenal ulcers].

PMID- 1088754
TI  - [Mesenchymoma of the liver in children. 6.5 years survival after surgery].

PMID- 1088755
TI  - [Urological aspects of anorectal anomalies].

PMID- 1088756
TI  - [Cholelithiasis surgery and its complications. Analysis of 500 cases].

PMID- 1088757
TI  - [Continuous intra-arterial antiblastic chemotherapy in the treatment of
      rhinopharyngeal tumors invading the skull base. Association with radiotherapy].

PMID- 1088758
TI  - [Neurology. 7].

PMID- 1088759
TI  - [Aortic valve surgery. Analysis of 30 consecutive cases, without coronary
      perfusion and with a single immediate postoperative death].

PMID- 1088760
TI  - [Enteromesenteric infarct caused by contraceptives].

PMID- 1088761
TI  - [Internal urethrotomy versus urethral dilatation in the treatment of recurrent
      cystitis in women].

PMID- 1088762
TI  - [Hand reimplantation. Experiences of 8 cases].

PMID- 1088763
TI  - [Peptic ulcer of the esophagus. Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations].

PMID- 1088764
TI  - [Waardenburg's syndrome. Clinical and genetical study of a family with affected
      twins].

PMID- 1088765
TI  - [Stomach carcinoid. Report of 1 case].

PMID- 1088766
TI  - [Sexual changes in urethral lesions].

PMID- 1088767
TI  - [Graduation and post-graduation].

PMID- 1088768
TI  - [Neurology. 9].

PMID- 1088769
TI  - ["In vitro" study on the susceptibility of "Yersinia pestis", isolated in Brazil,
      to sulfonamides, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, penicillins and erythromicine].

PMID- 1088770
TI  - [Evolution of the pulmonary function in pneumonias].

PMID- 1088771
TI  - [Esophageal electrocardiographic lead and cardiac arrhythmias].

PMID- 1088773
TI  - [Quality and quantity of medical education].

PMID- 1088772
TI  - [Our experience with electrocochleography in the evaluation of hearing].

PMID- 1088774
TI  - [Scintigraphic diagnosis].

PMID- 1088775
TI  - [Colonoscopy technic. Evaluation of 50 examinations].

PMID- 1088776
TI  - [Mechanisms of cutaneous necrosis provoked by sclerosing injections in the
      treatment of microvarices and telangiectasis. Experimental study].

PMID- 1088777
TI  - [Alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (A-a)DO2), pulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt), and dead
      space/tidal volume relation (VD/VT) in healthy children].

PMID- 1088778
TI  - [Pulmonary ventilators for small animals].

PMID- 1088779
TI  - [Idiopathic rupture of the rectum. Report of a case].

PMID- 1088780
TI  - [Male pseudo-hermaphroditism among Indians from Uaca].

PMID- 1088781
TI  - [Side effects of anticonvulsant drugs].

PMID- 1088782
TI  - [Toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 1088783
TI  - [The climatogram as an epidemiologic method].

PMID- 1088784
TI  - Susceptibility of the Aedes albopictus (Singh) cell line to infection with some
      group C arboviruses.

PMID- 1088785
TI  - Imunological study on anti-rabies vaccination in humans. I. A complete
      vaccination plan.

PMID- 1088786
TI  - [Phytoprecipitins. Immunological and immunochemical aspects].

PMID- 1088787
TI  - On an outbreak of sylvan yellow fever verified in the State of Goias (Brazil) in
      the period from 1972--1973.

PMID- 1088788
TI  - Subclinical D-deficiency in adolescents.

PMID- 1088789
TI  - [The importance of prostaglandins in modern medicine].

PMID- 1088790
TI  - [Scintigraphic diagnosis].

PMID- 1088791
TI  - [Meningococcal arthritis. Clinical, diagnostic and therapy entire aspects of 55
      cases].

PMID- 1088792
TI  - [Poisoning through the skin by the leaf of Datura arborea. Report of a case].

PMID- 1088793
TI  - [Secondary testicular tumors].

PMID- 1088794
TI  - [Effect of biliary salts and different oils in the determination of lipasic
      activity of the pancreatic juice].

PMID- 1088795
TI  - [Analgesia by caudal epidural blockage in the proctology outpatient clinic].

PMID- 1088796
TI  - [Surgical treatment of wrinkles and bags of the eyelids].

PMID- 1088797
TI  - [Autoimmunity and aging].

PMID- 1088798
TI  - [Isolation and characterization of photochemical properties of the photosynthetic
      reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas shperoides, strain 1760-1].
AB  - Photosynthetic reaction centres were isolated from the cells of Rhodopseudomonas
      spheroides, strain 1760-1, using sodium dodecyl sulphate. The preparations
      purified by precipitation with ammonium sulphate showed absorbance ratios of A280
      : A800=2.1. and A765 : A800 : A870=1 : 2 : 1; about 75% of the
      bacteriochlorophyll absorbing at 870 nm (P870) were photochemically active. Both
      absolute and difference "light minus dark" absorption spectra were obtained for
      the reaction centre suspensions and vacuum-dried films at room and low
      temperatures. Shift to the longer wavelength of the 870 nm absorption band
      resulting from temperature lowering suggests the existence of temperature
      determined conformations of the bacteriochlorophyll-protein complex of the
      reaction centres. Characteristic time of an electron transfer from the
      photoexcited P870 to the primary intermediate of photochemical process as
      evaluated from the data of pulsed laser fluorometry of the reaction centres was
      found to be (21--15)+/-8 picoseconds. The oxidized P870 dark reduction kinetics
      dependence on the actinic light intensity gives evidence for the functioning of
      heterogeneous pool of the secondary electron acceptors in the reaction centre
      preparations. Filling in of this pool with electrons is decreased under
      temperature lowering or vacuum drying and its electron capacity is limited under
      isooctane treatment resulting in ubiquinon extraction. The ability of the
      reaction centre preparations to catalyze the photochemical oxidation of iminoxyl
      aromatic radical was demonstrated.

PMID- 1088799
TI  - Reaction centers from Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides.

PMID- 1088800
TI  - [Chromatographic fractionation of scraping components of frog olfactory tissues.
      Preparation of fractions capable of sensitizing artificial lipid membrane to
      odorants].
AB  - The fractionation of frog olfactory preparation by ion-exchange chromatography
      and gel filtration permitted to obtain fractions capable of making artificial
      lipid membranes sensitive to odorants, such as camphora, musc ambrette and
      linalool. The sensitizing agent present in active fractions is a high-molecular
      weight (m.w. 100,000) protein containing substance. It is suggested that this
      agent is a component of a special transport system which may carry the odorous
      molecules to olfactory receptor cells or to remove them from olfactory tissues.

PMID- 1088801
TI  - Some diagnostic aspects of the rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1088802
TI  - [Dental foci and rheumatic diseases (clinical contribution)].

PMID- 1088803
TI  - Oral complications of cancer chemotherapy.
AB  - No part of the body reflects the complications of cancer chemotherapy as visibly
      and vividly as the mouth. The hemorrhagic, infectious, nutritional, cytotoxic,
      and neurologic signs of drug toxicity are registered in the mouth by changes in
      the color, character, and continuity of the mucosa. Although some of the
      complications are an inevitable part of the price of treatment, each constitutes
      a threat that must be kept within manageable limits.

PMID- 1088804
TI  - Intravitreal antibiotic injection and vitrectomy in acute bacterial
      endophthalmitis.
AB  - Two days after an unplanned extra-capsular cataract extraction with sector
      iridectomy, a patient showed typical signs of bacterial endophthalmitis. Vitreous
      and aqueous were aspirated for culture, and gentamicin and dexamethasone were
      injected. Twenty-four hours later, after isolation of Staphylococcus epidermidis,
      a vitrectomy to remove the central vitreous was done. Postoperatively, vision
      progressively improved; at the last review nine months after vitrectomy, visual
      acuity was 20/50.

PMID- 1088805
TI  - A typical case study correcting color deficiency.
AB  - Within one month after visiting his optometrist, a 14-year-old color deficient
      vocational high school student was able to sufficiently improve his color
      discrimination and his perception of objects which blend with their background,
      so as to continue with his study in electronics. The three prescribed sessions
      were adequate and the student was very pleased with his color improvement.

PMID- 1088806
TI  - [Information processing at the bedside].

PMID- 1088807
TI  - [Experiences up to now with an interactive documentation system in the neurology
      department].

PMID- 1088808
TI  - [Computer-assisted online connection between a 24-hour laboratory and an
      intensive care unit].

PMID- 1088810
TI  - [The lupus register in Schleswig-Holstein].

PMID- 1088809
TI  - [Experience with neuro-otologic patient data].

PMID- 1088811
TI  - [The information-processing text retrieval-oriented data bank concept for patient
      and findings-related documentation].

PMID- 1088812
TI  - [Cancer registries in West Germany].

PMID- 1088813
TI  - [Methods and problems in the epidemiology of substance dependence].

PMID- 1088814
TI  - [Methods and considerations in epidemiologic studies of alcoholism].

PMID- 1088815
TI  - [Comparability of epidemiologic and clinical statistical studies of substance
      dependence].

PMID- 1088816
TI  - [Data collection and epidemiologic processing as possible responsibilities of the
      public health service (exemplified by the cancer register)].

PMID- 1088817
TI  - [Documentation of spinal bifida children].

PMID- 1088818
TI  - Assignment of mannose phosphate isomerase to human chromosome 7: a retraction.

PMID- 1088819
TI  - Prenatal diagnosis of sickle-cell anemia.

PMID- 1088820
TI  - Antibodies to a cell-surface component coded by human chromosome 21 inhibit
      action of interferon.

PMID- 1088821
TI  - Assignment of the human gene for tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase using human-mouse
      somatic cell hybrids.

PMID- 1088822
TI  - Family studies on chromosome 9.

PMID- 1088823
TI  - Genetic polymorphism of C4 in man and localisation of a structural C4 locus to
      the HLA gene complex of chromosome 6.

PMID- 1088824
TI  - Sub-unit structure of soluble and mitochondrial malic enzyme: demonstration of
      human mitochondrial enzyme in human-mouse hybrids.
AB  - 1. Malic enzyme has been examined by starch-gel electrophoresis in human cultured
      fibroblasts and in 60 brain samples. The polymorphism of MEM has been confirmed
      and the electrophoretic pattern suggests that this enzyme, like MES, is a
      tetramer. 2. The appearance of the soluble and mitochondrial malic enzymes in
      mouse and Chinese hamster is described, and the identity of the enzymes in man,
      mouse and hamster has been established from a study of interspecific somatic cell
      hybrids. In man and in hamster MES migrates anodal to MEM, whereas in the mouse
      MES is relatively less anodal than MEM. 3. Segregation of human enzymes in human-
      mouse and human--hamster somatic cell hybrids confirms the synteny of MES and
      PGM3. Data from human--mouse hybrids suggest that MEM is probably not syntenic
      with MES is probably not syntenic with MES in man, nor is it syntenic with GPI.

PMID- 1088825
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of region preceding trp mRNA initiation site and its role in
      promoter and operator function.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the region preceding the transcription initiation site
      of the tryptophan operon of Escherichia coli was determined. Essentially all of
      the trp operator precedes the transcribed portion of the operon. The deduced
      sequence contains the recognition site of endonuclease Hpa I. This site is
      protected from Hpa I cleavage by RNA polymerase and by trp repressor. Regions of
      2-fold symmetry are present in the DNA sequence.

PMID- 1088826
TI  - Gene F of bacteriophage phiX174. Correlation of nucleotide sequences from the DNA
      and amino acid sequences from the gene product.

PMID- 1088827
TI  - Nucleotide and amino acid sequences of gene G of omegaX174.

PMID- 1088828
TI  - Varicella in children with cancer: Seventy-seven cases.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to characterize varicella in childhood cancer
      patients. Seventeen of the 77 patients reviewed were in remission and off all
      therapy for 3 to 22 months. No one in this group died from varicella or had
      evidence of visceral dissemination. Among the remaining 60 patients, all of whom
      were receiving anticancer theapy when they developed varicella, 19 (32%) had
      visceral dissemination and 4 died, for a mortality rate of 7%. Each of the deaths
      was associated with primary varicella pneumonitis, with or without acute
      encephalitis. Visceral dissemination was not related to type or status of
      malignancy or to duration of specific anticancer therapy. Varicella was more
      likely to disseminate in children with absolute lymphopenia, less than 500 cells
      per cubic millimeter, than in patients with higher lymphocyte counts. Cessation
      of anticancer theapy prior to the onset of lesions appeared to lessen the risk of
      dissemination. These results show that varicella is more severe in cancer
      patients on therapy than the general population or in patients who have completed
      therapy, but is not highly fatal.

PMID- 1088829
TI  - Authors' statement: the existence and nature of "transfer factor/be/.

PMID- 1088830
TI  - [Myocardioscintigraphy with radioactive thallium (201Tl-chloride)].

PMID- 1088831
TI  - [99mTc-gluconate in the scintigraphy of the renal system].

PMID- 1088832
TI  - Alcohol use in the Army: patterns and associated behaviors.
AB  - The authors assessed by questionnaire the alcohol use of 1,873 U.S. soldiers in
      the United States and Viet Nam. According to operational definitions based on
      total ethyl alcohol consumption and several behaviors associated with drinking, 7
      percent were classed as alcoholics, 5 percent as borderline alcoholics, and 24
      percent as potential alcoholics. Contrary to popular stereotypes, there was a
      disproportionate number of younger and lower ranking soldiers in these three
      groups; there was also a positive relationship between drinking and use of
      illicit drugs across groups. The authors state that future studies of alcohol use
      should include determinations of total ethyl alcohol intake to permit
      generalizability of their results.

PMID- 1088833
TI  - Sensorimotor functions and cognitive disturbance in psychiatric patients.
AB  - The authors studied 109 consecutive admissions to an acute psychiatric unit in a
      general hospital to determine the relationship of specific sensorimotor
      impairments to cognitive disturbance. The results indicated a strong but not
      exclusive correlation between neurological impairment and thought disorder as
      well as between neurological impairment and schizophrenia. The theoretical and
      etiological implications are discussed, as well as the relationship of these
      findings to other variables.

PMID- 1088834
TI  - Utilization review of treatment for suicide attempters.
AB  - The authors describe an effort to develop criteria for utilization review of
      treatment for suicide attempters. Explicit criteria proposed by a panel of
      experts as essential determinants for hospitalization of these patients were
      compared with actual clinical practice. It was found that according to the
      experts' criteria (which were operationalized into rating assessments), over half
      of the outpatient sample should have been hospitalized. After multiple regression
      analysis was carried out on the criteria, however, four predictors showed that
      only 20 percent of the outpatients should have been hospitalized. The authors
      discuss the issues these findings raise about the criteria of the experts, their
      utility for research, their validity, and their implications for utilization
      review.

PMID- 1088835
TI  - Obstacles in the treatment of dying patients.
AB  - Theory and practice in the management of the dying patient have moved forward in
      the past two decades. However, the author believes the benefits of this progress
      have not reached a large segment of the population of dying patients--those
      individuals who have a higher level of psychopathology or are from a lower
      socioeconomic group. Obstacles in the treatment of such patients are described
      and illustrated by case histories; the author makes specific recommendations
      related to the care of these more difficult cases.

PMID- 1088836
TI  - Psychiatric controversy: man's ethical dimension.
AB  - Although determinism may permeate human existence, man's moral values raise him
      above the level of an animal and enable him to direct his own life. The author
      suggests that psychiatrists should influence the patient to exert his will, make
      conscious choices, and, above all, assume a sense of responsibility for his own
      actions. In order to free the patient from whatever conditions hinder his will
      and to help him make choices, psychiatric treatment must consider man's ethical
      dimension.

PMID- 1088837
TI  - The clinical research ward as a therapeutic community: incompatibilities.
AB  - The authors discuss the numerous incompatibilities between the clinical research
      ward, with its emphasis on the collection of baseline and treatment data, and the
      therapeutic milieu environment, with its emphasis on an open door, team
      orientation, and nonauthoritarianism. They posit that the two orientations may be
      mutually destructive and that the therapeutic milieu may not be the best
      treatment setting for patients with schizophrenic or certain affective disorders.
      Two case histories illustrating these ideas are included.

PMID- 1088838
TI  - Limitations and values of evaluation techniques in psychiatric education.
AB  - The author presents a summary of the major evaluation techniques now available
      and discusses the values and limitations of each. He concludes that only by the
      use of many evaluation instruments during the resident's period of training can
      some estimate of clinical competence be approached. Even with this multiplicity
      of testing instruments, the validity of predictions of a psychiatrist's
      performance can be determined only in terms of probabilities.

PMID- 1088839
TI  - The psychiatrist's involvement with aged patients.
AB  - The author studied via questionnaire psychiatrists' involvement with older
      patients in relation to their own ages and the nature of their practices. Older
      psychiatrists see a higher proportion of older patients, advocate more
      comprehensive treatment, and find older patients more interesting and gratifying.
      Psychiatrists in general psychiatry and those who have a primarily inpatient
      practice see the largest proportion of older patients.

PMID- 1088841
TI  - Reasoned discourse or a holy war: postscript to a report on ECT.
AB  - The author points out that both favorable and unfavorable opinions regarding the
      value of electroconvulsive therapy have become entrenched in the absence of
      adequate data. These opinions are discussed in relation to the training,
      experience, and personal orientation of the psychiatrist. The inability of some
      psychiatrists to tolerate uncertainty is held responsible for their denial of the
      validity of alternative methods of treatment. The author recommends that
      psychiatrists tolerate a certain amount of ambiguity and uncertainty: postponing
      closure may lead to the conclusion that treatment styles (including use of
      psychotherapy and ECT) are not mutually exclusive.

PMID- 1088840
TI  - Saliva lithium levels: clinical applications.
AB  - The authors note that despite a few reports in the literature indicating that
      saliva lithium levels could adequately replace serum determinations in monitoring
      patients being treated with lithium salts, this procedure has not received much
      clinical application. A study of 20 patients investigated correlations between
      serum and mixed saliva and parotid fluid lithium levels and documented the
      reliability of this procedure. The authors suggest that an individual patient's
      ratio of serum to saliva concentrations should be calculated and used as a
      constant in the determinations. Patients can collect saliva samples and send them
      to the laboratory prior to their visits, decreasing the facility's sample
      collection costs and the patients' inconvenience and discomfort.

PMID- 1088842
TI  - How to avoid taking the boards but save face.
AB  - The author present several options for other psychiatrists who wish to avoid
      taking board examinations and still save face. Although the author states that
      none of these worked for him, he wishes to present his suggestions to others in
      the field.

PMID- 1088843
TI  - The curandero's apprentice: a therapeutic integration of folk and medical
      healing.
AB  - The author discusses alternative methods for dealing with folk illness in
      psychotherapy. Two case reports are presented that describe psychotic Mexican
      American patients who were successfully treated with an approach that integrated
      curanderismo, the Hispanic concept of healing, and traditional therapy. The
      author discusses ethical aspects of this integrated approach and suggests that
      cultural considerations can be successfully incorporated into a treatment plan of
      optimum benefit for the individual patient.

PMID- 1088844
TI  - On the evolution of neurotic maladaptations.

PMID- 1088845
TI  - On the Journal and the moon.

PMID- 1088846
TI  - Person-to-person therapy.

PMID- 1088847
TI  - EEG in schizophrenia.

PMID- 1088848
TI  - Capgras syndrome in male siblings.

PMID- 1088849
TI  - More on blame in family therapy.

PMID- 1088850
TI  - Schizophrenia and season of birth.

PMID- 1088851
TI  - Assessment of left ventricular wall motion.
AB  - A new method for the assessment of left ventricular wall motion, using a polar
      analysis, is proposed. The percent shortening of several radii, labeled at 30
      degrees intervals, were plotted against Theta (degrees) and an excellent
      numerical and visual display of wall motion was obtained. Two methods for
      correcting the systolic upward shifting of apex were tested. The simplest one
      uses the intersection of the major and minor axes to realign both the end
      diastolic and the end-systolic silhouettes. In the other method ventricular
      outlines were realigned using anatomical internal markers (diaphragm, ribs, or
      vertebrae). The intersection of both long axes, whether inside or outside the
      ventricular silhouettes was used as a pivot point around which the long axes were
      rotated and the outlines realigned. The mid-point of the long axis was used as a
      common center. There was no statistical difference in the two methods. The data
      from 14 normal subjects composed a normal percent shortening vs. Theta graph,
      which can be used as a frame of reference as compared with abnormal hearts.

PMID- 1088852
TI  - Echocardiography of ventricular septal movement in left bundle branch block with
      left ventricular diastolic overload.
AB  - Four patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and left ventricular volume
      overload had sustained posterior ventricular septal systolic motion with no early
      septal posterior systolic motion. There was earlier than normal peak posterior
      septal systolic motion and earlier than normal anterior systolic septal motion.
      It is suggested that volume overload of the left ventricle alters ventricular
      septal motion in left bundle branch block.

PMID- 1088853
TI  - [Synergic effects of intra-aortic counterpulsation and dopamine in experimental
      cardiogenic shock with closed thorax].
AB  - Having established an easily reproducible, stable, technique for producing
      cardiogenic shock in dogs, and for applying the intraaortic balloon pump (IABP),
      a complementary study was carried out in six dogs that were treated for
      cardiogenic shock with the IABP associated with 8 micrograms/kg/min. of
      continuous intravenous dopamine. The results were compared with those obtained
      using only the IABP. It was found that dopamine associated with the IABP reduced
      the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure by 75.3% and increased the dP/dt and
      Vmax by 90% and 41.6% respectively. The heart rate rose from 134 (+/- 2.45) to
      153.5 (+/- 14.13) beats per minute two hours after treatment. There were no
      changes in the mean aortic pressure and left ventricular systolic pressure, and
      diuresis was decreased. It is concluded that the IABP alone produces a
      significant decrease in the preload and increase in the afterload, but when
      associated with dopamine, no changes are observed in the afterload, but the
      preload falls considerably. Moreover, myocardial contractility is increased.
      Therefore dopamine and the IABP used together have synergic beneficial effects.

PMID- 1088854
TI  - [Antiarrhythmic effects of verapamil].
AB  - The effect of verapamil were studied on 50 episodes of supraventricular and
      ventricular tachycardia in 44 patients. An i.v. dose of 0.10 to 0.15 mg/kg. was
      used. In 5 cases His bundle electrograms were obtained while maximal dp/dt was
      determined in 7 others. Sinus rhythm was obtained in 21 (81%) of 26 cases of
      PSVT. In all cases of rapid atrial fibrillation (n-11), an important decrease in
      the ventricular response was elicited. Of 7 cases of atrial flutter, verapamil
      induced sinus rhythm in 3 and a significant decrease in the ventricular rate in 3
      others. In 2 out of 6 cases ventricular tachycardia reverted to sinus rhythm. The
      latency time between the injection and the manifestation of the effect ranged
      from 2 to 4 minutes. A slight and short-lasting depression of dp/dt was observed
      in all cases studied. Verapamil produced an increase in the A-H interval in 4 of
      the 5 cases studied with His bundle recordings. Verapamil was found to be a
      useful drug to suppress PSVT, to decrease the ventricular response in flutter or
      atrial fibrillation and to convert some ventricular tachycardias to sinus rhythm.
      Verapamil should be used with caution in previously digitalized patients and is
      contraindicated when there is S-A node dysfunction as in the tachycardia
      bradycardia syndrome.

PMID- 1088855
TI  - [Clinical and hemodynamic long-term result of substituting the mitral valve using
      a Beall prosthesis].
AB  - A follow-up study of 31 patients, 1 1/2 years after they underwent a mitral valve
      replacement with a Beall prosthesis, is reported. Eighty-four per cent of the
      patients experienced marked improvement of symptoms and are fully active. Late
      cardiac recatheterization has showed a decrease of pulmonary wedge pressure, both
      at rest and under exercise. The prosthesis area has been found to be smaller than
      the original size. Hemolysis related to the prosthesis is of moderate degree and
      the incidence of systemic embolism was 3.1%.

PMID- 1088856
TI  - [Is closed mitral commissurotomy still indicated? Patient selection and
      postoperative problems. Analysis of 221 cases].
AB  - Indications, findings, complications, and immediate results in 221 patients in
      whom a closed mitral commissurotomy was practiced are presented. Emphasis is
      placed on the rigidity of the clinical criteria to select these patients with the
      object of diminishing to a minimum the accidents or problems and unexpected
      findings. The results are considered satisfactory and comparable to those
      reported in other great centers. Finally we considered that the results obtained
      with this criteria for selection were very satisfactory, with reduction of the
      immediate mortality to 0% in comparison with others reported, and maintaining an
      index of complications which we consider minimum in its clinical repercussion to
      the patient and less than in other series.

PMID- 1088857
TI  - Primary umbilical adenocarcinoma. A case report and review of literature.
AB  - A case of primary adenocarcinoma of the umbilicus is reported along with a review
      of the literature and discussion of possible origins of glandular tissue within
      this area. Multiple connections are present within the umbilicus (vascular,
      lymphatic, and embryologic) that may give this area access to metastatic lesions.
      The primary tumors may originate within the usual umbilical tissue (skin and soft
      tissue). Glands that are not normally present in the region of the umbilicus
      rarely develop malignant neoplasms. As postulated, glandular tissue may arise
      either as metaplasia from squamous epithelium or from glandular embryologic rests
      including omphalomesenteric duct remnants and urachal remnants.

PMID- 1088858
TI  - Endocardial papillary elastofibromas. Histologic, histochemical, and electron
      microscopical findings.
AB  - The organization of cellular and extracellular components appeared similar and
      was distinctive in three endocardial papillary elastofibromas studied. Each tumor
      papilla contained (1) a dense, central core of collagen and elastic tissue, (2) a
      peripheral, myxomatous layer with deposits of acid mucopolysaccharides, and (3)
      an overlying, hyperplastic layer of endothelial cells. Ultrastructural study of
      one tumor showed that the cells in all three zones had numerous cytoplasmic
      filaments, 100 Angstroms in diameter, and dilated cisterns of endoplasmic
      reticulum; endothelial cells also had intercellular junctions and numerous
      pinocytotic vesicles. The myxomatous stroma varied from amorphous to fibrillar,
      and the collagenous cores showed focal degeneration. The name "endocardial
      papillary elastofibroma" is suggested to emphasize those features which are most
      conspicuous and which serve to differentiate this tumor from myxoma.

PMID- 1088859
TI  - [Lactate and pyruvate concentrations and acid-base balance of cerebrospinal fluid
      and arterial blood in patients with cerebrovascular diseases].

PMID- 1088860
TI  - [Electrophysiological studies in carpal tunnel syndrome].

PMID- 1088861
TI  - [Biochemical observation in severe head injury especially on the urinary
      excretion of creatine, creatinine, 17-KS & 17-OHCS].

PMID- 1088862
TI  - [Two cases of painful ophthalmoplegic syndrome].

PMID- 1088863
TI  - [Contractile abnormalities of myasthenic muscle prior to neuromuscular
      transmission block].

PMID- 1088864
TI  - [Cleidocranial dysostosis--report of familial cases and a sporadic case].

PMID- 1088865
TI  - [Neurotologic study in a case of basilar artery occlusion with long survival].

PMID- 1088866
TI  - [A case of aortitis syndrome (aortic arch syndrome) with psychomotor seizure].

PMID- 1088867
TI  - [A case of oligophrenic cerebello-lental degeneration associated with vascular
      hypertension and gynecomastia].

PMID- 1088868
TI  - [A case of intoxication with thinner, Bond and Optalidon, showing various
      psychiatric symptoms and polyneuropathy].

PMID- 1088869
TI  - [Cerebellar hemorrhage with peculiar eye movement--fixation instability].

PMID- 1088870
TI  - [Reserpine therapy and serum serotonin in chorea].

PMID- 1088871
TI  - [Neurotoxicity of chloramphenicol--an experimental study].

PMID- 1088872
TI  - [An autopsied case of thalamic haemorrhage with abnormalities in respiratory and
      ocular movements].

PMID- 1088873
TI  - [A case report of Neuro-Behcet's syndrome with recurrent multiple cranial
      neuropathy].

PMID- 1088874
TI  - Abstracts of joint meeting of the British Thoracic and Tuberculosis Association
      and the Swedish Association for Lung Medicine. Uppsala, May 15th-17th 1975.

PMID- 1088875
TI  - Non-functioning gallbladder.

PMID- 1088876
TI  - The acute abdomen in general practice.

PMID- 1088877
TI  - Taxation--medical practitioners.

PMID- 1088878
TI  - The forgotten cause of watering eyes. Everted lower punctum.

PMID- 1088879
TI  - How to get patients off barbiturates.

PMID- 1088880
TI  - Secondary failure to oral hypoglycaemic therapy in diabetes.

PMID- 1088881
TI  - The educational use of quality-of-care assessment in general practice.

PMID- 1088882
TI  - Antimalarial prophylaxis.

PMID- 1088883
TI  - The community pharmacist's role in drug and health education.

PMID- 1088884
TI  - [Cytosine arabinoside treatment for ophthalmic herpes zoster with meningitis].

PMID- 1088885
TI  - The esophageal obturator airway.

PMID- 1088886
TI  - Gloria.

PMID- 1088887
TI  - Squamous cell carcinoma vs. keratoacanthoma: criteria for histologic
      differentiation.

PMID- 1088888
TI  - The social control of organizations in the health care area.
AB  - Available data suggest that the influence and autonomy of health care
      professionals have been declining. Of course, professional impact remains higher
      in health care than perhaps any other economic sphere, but the locus of much
      health care decision making has been shifting from independent professionals to
      employed personnel of large-scale government, hospital, insurance, and research
      organizations. The question therefore arises as to what shall replace this
      previous reliance upon individual professional ethics to assure the society that
      its newly powerful health care organizations are functioning in a desirable
      manner. In other words, what are to be the preferred mechanisms for socially
      controlling health care organizations. This paper traces three dominant belief
      patterns about how the characteristics of health care organizations and their
      environments produce desired control. It proposes that belief patterns have
      emphasized (1) the non-profit motives of many health care organizations; (2) the
      system of interrelationships that surround health care organizations; and (3) the
      vast differences among health care consumers. Choices from among these models
      continue to depend less upon knowledge of organizational functioning than upon
      political dispositions and social fancy.

PMID- 1088889
TI  - [Pustular psoriasis (Zumbusch) treated with 8-methoxypsoralen phototherapy
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088890
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic studies on the surface structure of macrophages in
      human skin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088891
TI  - [So-called auto-immune annular erythema. Report of a case with histological and
      immunopathological resemblance to systemic lupus erythematosus (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1088892
TI  - [Presence of hyaluronidase inhibitor in a case of myxedema circumscriptum
      pretibiale (author's transl)].

PMID- 1088893
TI  - New Q waves after bypass grafting: correlations between graft patency,
      ventriculogram and surgical venting technique.
AB  - New Q waves were observed in 35 (11%) of 321 patients undergoing saphenous vein
      bypass grafting with an overall mortality rate of 1.1%. Twenty-eight (80%) had
      postoperative arteriograms and ventriculograms and are reported. Ventricular
      venting was used intra-operatively in 17 patients and atrial venting in 11. The
      incidence of new Q wave was 22% in patients with ventricular venting and 5.5% in
      those with atrial venting (p less than 0.05). Complete or incomplete
      revascularization did not affect the incidence of new Q waves. New Q waves
      appeared in a zone of myocardium supplied by a grafted artery in all except two
      patients with ventricular venting in whom Q waves occurred within the zone of
      myocardium supplied by diseased ungrafted vessels. In the ventricular venting
      group, seven (41%) demonstrated an improved or unchanged postoperative
      ventriculogram and ten (59%) had deteriorated ventriculograms. In 11 patients
      with atrial venting, nine (82%) showed improved or unchanged postoperative
      ventriculograms and two (18%) had deteriorated ventriculograms. Ventricular
      venting patients with improved or unchanged postoperative ventriculograms had 7%
      graft closure as compared to 5% of those with atrial venting (pNS). Graft closure
      rate was 44% in ventricular venting and 20% (pNS) of patients with atrial venting
      who had deteriorated left ventriculograms. These findings indicate poor
      correlation between new Q waves and graft closure. Improved postoperative
      ventriculograms corrleated well with graft patency despite new Q waves. The
      etiology of new post bypass graft Q waves are varied. They include ventricular
      trauma and conduction delays resulting from surgery or venting, as well as
      infarction. This may be due to compromised arterial inflow either in nonoperated
      vessels or in the vessels distal to the anastomosis with patent grafts, or due to
      occluded grafts.

PMID- 1088894
TI  - [8-Methoxypsoralen photochemotherapy of palmo-plantar pustulosis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1088895
TI  - The effects of growth hormone treatment of thyroid-deficient pregnant rats on
      maternal and fetal carbohydrate metabolism.
AB  - Maternal hypothyroidism in rats has been shown previously to result in
      alterations of maternal, placental, and fetal metabolism. Maternal treatment with
      2 IU GH/day for three days prior to autopsy (on the 22nd day of pregnancy)
      corrected many of the observed alterations of carbohydrate metabolism in
      hypothyroidism. The maternal and fetal liver glycogen concentrations and the
      fetal serum glucose levels of the hypothyroid animals were elevated significantly
      by the GH treatment. In most cases, the utilization of a [1-14C]glucose tracer
      dose was returned to normal by GH treatment. These results suggest that the
      impairment of fetal metabolism occurring in maternal hypothyroidism may be due in
      part to insufficient maternal GH secretion. However, GH alone in the absence of
      sufficient thyroid hormones did not totally correct all of the observed fetal
      abnormalities.

PMID- 1088896
TI  - Determination of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in human blood serum by electron
      capture gas chromatography.

PMID- 1088897
TI  - 1-Acetylmethadol (LAM) treatment of opiate dependence: plasma and urine levels of
      two pharmacologically active metabolites, 1974.

PMID- 1088898
TI  - Narcotic antagonists: naltrexone progress report: foreword.

PMID- 1088899
TI  - Clinical efficacy of naltrexone: a one year follow up.

PMID- 1088900
TI  - Forceps of improved cutting capacity for removing dental prostheses.

PMID- 1088901
TI  - Foreign sale of patent rights to Soviet inventions in the medical-equipment
      field.

PMID- 1088902
TI  - Production of chemotactic factor for lymphocytes by neutral SH-dependent protease
      of rabbit PMN leukocytes from immunoglobulins, especially IgM.

PMID- 1088903
TI  - Characterization of subpopulations of T lymphocytes. I. Separation and functional
      studies of peripheral T-cells binding different amounts of fluorescent anti-Thy
      1.2 (theta) antibody using a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS).

PMID- 1088904
TI  - Age-associated decline in theta antigen on spleen thymus-derived lymphocytes of
      B6CF1 mice.

PMID- 1088905
TI  - History strikes again: two 20th-century reform ventures.
AB  - There are striking parallels between the rise and decline of the health center
      movement of the early decades of this century and the community mental health
      center movement of the sixties. Four ideas that dominated the early health center
      movement--district location, preventive care, community participation, and
      bureaucratic organization--were also important in the development of community
      mental health centers. Both movements initially were expressions of the reform
      spirit of the times and later were undermined by the shift to conservative
      domestic politics.

PMID- 1088906
TI  - A tribute to Daniel Blain.

PMID- 1088907
TI  - Interview with H. Robert Cathcart, Chairman-elect of the Board of Trustees of the
      American Hospital Association.

PMID- 1088908
TI  - Direct evidence of estrogen modulation of pituitary sensitivity to luteinizing
      hormone-releasing factor during the menstrual cycle.
AB  - To delineate the role of estradiol in the augmented pituitary gonadotropin
      responsiveness to synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LRF) seen
      during high-estrogen phases of the ovulatory cycles (late follicular and
      midluteal phases), the anti-estrogenic effect of clomiphene citrate (Clomid) on
      pituitary response to LRF was evaluated during different phases of the ovulatory
      cycle. Clomid administration (100 mg/day times 5 days) completely negates the
      augmented gonadotropin responses to LRF (150 mug) during late follicular and
      midluteal phases observed during the control studies. Thus, a quantitatively and
      qualitatively similar pituitary sensitivity to LRF during three distinct phases
      of the menstrual cycle was induced by Clomid treatment that resembles the LRF
      responsiveness of themale pituitary. The present study demonstrates the pituitary
      component of the estrogen-induced changes in the sensitivity to LRF. From this
      and previous data, we conclude that the increases of estradiol secretion
      associated with the follicular maturation and corpus luteum formation represent a
      major component of the feedback signal in the modulation of cyclic gonadotropin
      release occasioned in a large measure by the augmented pituitary sensitivity to
      LRF.

PMID- 1088911
TI  - Continuing dental education: reasonable answers to unreasonable questions.
AB  - Increasing government involvement in health care, interest in consumerism, and
      improved instructional technology have raised new challenges for continuing
      dental education. Arguments from educational research and evaluation theory are
      used to show the potential dangers involved in compulsory, mass-media continuing
      education with pre- and posttest measures of success.

PMID- 1088909
TI  - Partial characterization and purification of a rabbit granulocyte factor that
      increases permeability of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Recently we reported that rapid killing of Escherichia coli by granulocytes or
      granulocyte fractions is accompanied by an equally rapid and discrete increase in
      permeability of the microbial envelope (Beckerdite, Mooney, Weiss, Franson, and
      Elsbach. 1974. J. Exp. Med. 140: 396-409). Most of this permeability-increasing
      activity (PI) is found in a crude granule preparation. PI is quantitatively
      recovered in a 23,000-g supernatant fraction (Sup II) after sulfuric acid
      extraction of granulocyte homogenates prepared in water. PI is nondialyzable,
      destroyed by pronase and trypsin, stable at 4degreesC for at least 2 mo, and
      destroyed by heating at 94degreesC. Anionic substances, such as heparin sulfate
      and isolated E. coli lipopolysaccharide, bind to and inhibit PI. PI has been
      purified up to 1,000-fold from homogenate in a yield of 50percent by acid
      extraction and carboxymethyl-Sephadex chromatography. Such purified fractions
      have bactericidal activity that equals that of disrupted granulocytes and Sup II,
      are similarly enriched with respect to granule-associated phospholipase, and
      protease activities. Whereas E. coli, sensitive to PI, binds or inactivates
      solubilized PI, a resistant strain of Serratia marcescens does not. Binding of PI
      to sensitive microorganisms seems to be necessary for expression of its
      biological activity since both the apparent binding to and the biological effect
      of PI on E. coli are completely blocked by 10-20 mM Mg2+ or Ca2+. Mg2+ or Ca2+
      can reverse the effect on E. coli permeability produced by Sup II or the
      carboxymethyl-Sephadex fraction but not that produced by granulocyte homogenate.
      The close association of bactericidal, phospholipase A2, and permeability
      increasing activities towards several gram-negative bacterial species suggests
      that they may be related.

PMID- 1088910
TI  - Human lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin capping. Normal characteristics and
      anomalous behavior of chronic lymphocytic leukemic lymphocytes.
AB  - The phenomenon of redistribution of surface membrane immunoglobulin (Ig)
      components (capping) has been well described in mouse lymphoid cells. The
      characteristics of this process in human lymphocytes are less clear. This study
      characterizes the phenomenon of surface membrane Ig redistribution of normal and
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) lymphocytes with the use of fluoroscein
      labeled anti-Ig sera. Normal lymphocytes underwent rapid cap formation after
      incubation with anti-Ig serum in the cold and subsequent rewarming. The
      morphology was characteristic with aggregation over the pole of the cell opposite
      the nucleus and over the uropod when present. The process was energy dependent
      but independent of protein synthesis, and could be inhibited by vincristine,
      vinblastine, and colchicine but not by cytochalasin B. CLL cells, on the other
      hand, though showing fluorescent complex aggregation on the surface, rarely
      demonstrated unidirectional movement of these aggregates to form a cap. Cap
      formation in these cells could not be stimulated by supplementing the energy
      source or protein concentration of the medium nor by adding glutamic acid which
      could partially reverse the vincristine and vinblastine inhibition of normal
      capping. The failure of agents which inhibit motility to inhibit capping of the
      normal lymphocytes suggests that active locomotion is not a direct prerequisite
      for capping. The results also suggest the involvement of microtubules in normal
      capping and the possibility that abnormal membrane structure or microtubular
      function could explain the failure of CLL cells to behave normally in this
      regard. The role of this cellular defect in the immune deficiencies exhibited by
      many patients with CLL, however, is not established.

PMID- 1088912
TI  - Technetium-99m radionuclide bone imaging for evaluating mandibular osseous
      allografts.
AB  - Sequential interpretation of osseous repair, more sensitive than with
      conventional radiography, is possible with a noninvasive, nondestructive radio
      nuclide method. The method was used in the evaluation of the progress of
      osteogenic activity in mandibular bone grafts in 24 beagle dogs.

PMID- 1088913
TI  - Sjogren's syndrome.
AB  - The diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome, a multi-systemic disease, is often
      difficult. Sialography is useful; however, biopsy of labial salivary glands is a
      simple procedure that aids significantly in arriving at a positive diagnosis.
      Treatment of the disease is usually on the basis of symptoms.

PMID- 1088914
TI  - Use of a calf's tongue in teaching techniques for biopsy.

PMID- 1088915
TI  - Letter: Aerosol propellants.

PMID- 1088916
TI  - Efficacy of an antihypertensive agent. Comparison of methyldopa and
      hydrochlorothiazide in combination and singly.
AB  - In a double-blind evaluation, the efficacy of a combination of methyldopa with
      hydrochlorothiazide was compared with that of its components, methyldopa and
      hydrochlorothiazide. The combination was found to be more efficacious than either
      of its components. It reduced the arithmetic mean of the pressures of all
      patients from 170/116 to 133/95 mm Hg in four weeks. Despite the greater effect
      of the combination, side effects were mild.

PMID- 1088917
TI  - The changing manifestations of pyogenic liver abscess.

PMID- 1088918
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 1-1975.

PMID- 1088919
TI  - Sounding board. An early commentary on medical care.

PMID- 1088920
TI  - Frederick Stohlman, Jr., M.D.

PMID- 1088921
TI  - Letter: Pyoderma gangrenosum.

PMID- 1088922
TI  - Letter: Dosage forms in drug trials.

PMID- 1088923
TI  - Sideroblasts, siderocytes, and sideroblastic anemia.

PMID- 1088924
TI  - C George Tedeschi, M.D.

PMID- 1088925
TI  - Letter: Controlled study of coronary-artery surgery.

PMID- 1088926
TI  - Genetic regulation: the Lac control region.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the lac promoter-operator region has been determined.
      The 122 base pairs comprising this region include the recognition sites for RNA
      polymerase, the positive regulatory protein, CAP, and the negative regulatory
      protein, the repressor. Identification of mutant variants of the sequence
      combined with the in vitro biochemical studies of others has allowed us to
      tentatively identify the recognition site for each of these proteins, and to
      suggest how CAP might act at a distance to affect the interaction of RNA
      polymerase with the promoter.

PMID- 1088927
TI  - Mitosis in Tilia americana endosperm.
AB  - The endosperm cells of the American basswood Tilia americana are favorable
      experimental material for investigating the birefringence of living plant
      spindles and anaphase movement of chromosomes. The behavior of the chromosomes in
      anaphase and the formation of the phragmoplast are unique. The numerous (3 n
      equals 123), small chromosomes move in precise, parallel rows until midanaphase
      when they bow away from the poles. Such a pattern of anaphase chromosome
      distribution has been described once before, but was ascribed to fusion of the
      chromosomes. The bowing of chromosome rows in Tilia is explainable quantitatively
      by the constant poleward velocity of the chromosomes during anaphase. Peripheral
      chromosomes are moving both relative to the spindle axis and laterally closer to
      the axis, whereas chromosomes lying on the spindle axis possess no lateral
      component in their motion, and thus at uniform velocity progress more rapidly
      than peripheral chromosomes relative to the spindle axis. The chromosomes are
      moved poleward initially by pole-to-pole elongation of the spindle, then moved
      farther apart by shortening of the kinetochore fibers. In contrast to other plant
      cells where the phragmoplast forms in telophase, the phragmoplast in Tilia
      endosperm is formed before midanaphase and the cell during midanaphase, while the
      chromosomes are still in poleward transit.

PMID- 1088928
TI  - Radionuclides and the patient with coronary artery disease.
AB  - The emergence in the past 20 years of nuclear medicine as a distinct diagnostic
      discipline has been a major clinical advance. The relatively rapid evolution from
      the small laboratory limited primarily to the study of thyroid disease to the
      large unit in which radioactive tracers (radionuclides) are utilized to evaluate
      structure and function of most organ systems has been accelerated by major
      advances in instrumentation, new radioactive tracers and application of computer
      techniques. Application of these radionuclide techniques to the study of coronary
      artery disease has been quite recent, and has in part been limited by the need
      for a coordinated effort between the cardiologist and the specialist in nuclear
      medicine. However, realization of the potential usefulness of these techniques
      has fostered an increasingly productive liaison between the two specialties. The
      potential advantages of these radionuclides in evaluating patients with
      cardiovascular disease is twofold: first, they may permit the noninvasive or
      atraumatic acquisition of data that might otherwise be obtained only at the time
      of cardiac catheterization; second, and perhaps more important, they may permit
      the acquisition of physiologic measurements or observations not attainable by
      more conventional modes of study. Functionally, these techniques can be divided
      into those that evaluate cardiac performance and those that evaluate coronary
      blood flow, regional myocardial perfusion and myocardial viability.

PMID- 1088929
TI  - Cardiovascular investigations and fuzzy sets theory.
AB  - Examining the circumstances that often lead modern, mechanistic cardiovascular
      research into areas devoid of practical significance, we suggest that our
      approaches, instead of our technology, are inadequate. A method for processing
      information, built on the concept of "fuzzy sets," is described as a potential
      way out of this dilemma. This system deserves application to clinical problems,
      perhaps together with more classic quantitative methods, because of its practical
      consequences and the conceptual revitalization it may bring.

PMID- 1088930
TI  - Statement of the American Occupational Therapy Association on national health
      insurance.

PMID- 1088931
TI  - The district health center in Japan: history, services, and future development.

PMID- 1088932
TI  - Percivall Pott performs a postmortem.

PMID- 1088933
TI  - The development of visual standards: Snellen, Jaeger, and Giraud-Teulon.

PMID- 1088934
TI  - Petr Kuzmich Anokhin (1898-1974). Obituary.

PMID- 1088935
TI  - Echocardiographic examination of the left ventricle.

PMID- 1088936
TI  - Myocardial blood flow response to isometric (handgrip) and treadmill exercise in
      coronary artery disease.
AB  - Thirty patients undergoing coronary cineangiography for diagnosis or evaluation
      of coronary artery disease had myocardial blood flow studies pre and post
      handgrip (isometric) exercise just prior to cineangiography. The handgrip was
      maintained at one-third maximum effort for three minutes. The patients also had
      treadmill exercise testing a day or two prior to the study. Treadmill testing was
      carried out until angina or positive ST-segment changes occurred or the patient
      attained 90% of predicted maximal heart rate. Of the 30 patients, seven had no
      coronary artery disease and 23 had significant disease, i.e., greater than 75%
      occlusion of at least one major coronary artery. Six of the 23 patients (26%)
      with disease had angina with handgrip and demonstrated a decreased myocardial
      blood flow, a significantly different response from the patients without agina (P
      less than 0.001). For the group without angina, the blood flow response was not
      significantly different from the normal group. Treadmill tests were positive in
      19 of the 23 patients with coronary disease (83%). The arterial systolic and
      diastolic pressure rise was almost identical with the two stresses. The heart
      rate response, however, was significantly different (P less than 0.001), the rate
      increase being greater with treadmill exercise. The myocardial blood flow data
      demonstrate the relative insensitivity of handgrip exercise for the diagnosis of
      coronary artery disease. In terms of the supply demand ratio (diastolic pressure
      time/systolic pressure time) concept for subendocardial perfusion, it is possible
      that the difference between handgrip and treadmill stress may be due to the
      different heart rate response, more rapid heart rates having a relatively greater
      effect on diastolic than on systolic time indices, all other factors being equal.

PMID- 1088937
TI  - Deep vein thrombosis. Detection and prevention.

PMID- 1088938
TI  - Kinetic analysis of chemotactic factor generation in human serum via activation
      of the classical and alternate complement pathways.

PMID- 1088939
TI  - Serum migration inhibitory activity in patients with posttransplantation hepatic
      dysfunction.

PMID- 1088940
TI  - The sarcolemmal membrane: evacuation of short myofiber bundles.

PMID- 1088941
TI  - Analysis of preseizure electrocorticographic changes in rats during hyperbaric
      oxygenation.

PMID- 1088942
TI  - Changes in monoamine oxidase and monoamines with human development and aging.
AB  - A series of studies of monoamines and their metabolism in a variety of human
      tissues indicate that there are aging effects that may alter neurotransmitter
      substances. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity has a significant positive
      correlation with age in plasma and blood platelets of normal subjects and
      patients suffering from depressive disorders. Monoamine oxidase and age correlate
      positively in hindbrain and in eight separate ares of human brains from patients
      who died from a variety of causes. Hindbrain norepinephrine concentration
      progressively decreases with advancing age (r equals -0.44, P less than 0.01)
      while no changes were noted for serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid
      (5-HIAA). Hindbrain norepinephrine concentration has a significant negative
      correlation with MAO (r equals -0.41, P less than 0.025) and hindbrain 5-HIAA has
      a significant positive correlation with MAO (r equals +0.66, P equals less than
      0.05). These studies suggest that aging processes may significantly affect
      monoamine mechanisms and be a predisposing factor to the development of clinical
      diseases in man such as depression, parkinsonism and other disorders of central
      nervous system homeostasis.

PMID- 1088943
TI  - Towards a theory of development.
AB  - A theory of development would effectively enable one to compute the adult
      organism from the genetic information in the egg. The problem may be approached
      by viewing the egg as containing a program for development, and considering the
      logical nature of the program by treating cells as automata and ignoring the
      details of molecular mechanisms. It is suggested that development is essentially
      a simple process, the cells having a limited repertoire of overt activities and
      interacting with each other by means of simple signals, and that general
      principles may be discerned. The complexity lies in the specification of the
      internal state which may be described in terms of a gene-switching network.
      Pattern formation is a central feature in development; it is the process whereby
      states are assigned to the cells according to their position. such that the
      appropriate type of cytodifferentiation is selected from the repertoire. The
      morphogenesis of the chick limb is briefly discussed. Genetic networks that
      account for such features as memory, competence and interpretation of positional
      information are given. The question of how these component parts are organized
      into a complete control system for development is posed as a problem for future
      study.

PMID- 1088944
TI  - Growth and death of diploid and transformed human fibroblasts.
AB  - Three possible explanations are presented for the differences in growth potential
      between human diploid fibroblasts of finite life-span and permanent transformed
      lines: 1) Only diploid cells have a molecular clock mechanism which counts cell
      divisions prior to senescence. Two hypothetical examples of such mechanisms are
      described; however, the available evidence argues against a clock mechanism for
      aging in fibroblasts. 2) Cells become committed with a given probability to a
      slow buildup in protein errors, which leads after many divisions to a lethal
      error catastrophe. It can be shown that speeding up the rate at which the error
      catastrophe develops, as may occur in transformed cells, can convert a population
      of finite life-span to one with infinite growth. 3) The growth rate of diploid
      cells may not depend on the limiting concentration of any one protein. If so,
      cells with a low level of errors will not have a reduced generation time, and
      there will be no selection against them. On the other hand the uncontrolled
      growth of transformed cells may be reduced in rate by the presence of faulty
      proteins, so that there is continuous selection for those with the fewest errors.
      Finally, the analogous problem of the mortality of somatic cells and the
      immortality of the germ line is also briefly discussed.

PMID- 1088945
TI  - Pathological implications of cell aging in vitro.
AB  - The replicative capacity of cultured human fibroblasts is discussed in relation
      to three areas, diabetes mellitus, expression of HL-A antigens, and interactions
      with polymerizing fibrin. The replicative capacity of cells is dimished in
      diabetes mellitus and certain related disorders such as progeria and Werner's
      syndrome, all of which feature accelerated aging. Expression of HL-A antigens is
      reduced in progeria fibroblasts compared to normal cultures at corresponding
      stages of passage. Normal cells show more subtle alteration during aging in vitro
      probably related to clonal heterogeneity and/or selection within mass cultures.
      Early-passage fibroblasts interact rapidly with polymerizing fibrin to form a
      mature clot which is then retracted by a process dependent on cellular integrity
      and active metabolism. Late-passage cultures are less active in both parameters
      as are fibroblasts from a subject with progeria. These observations, in total,
      may relate to altered self-recognition and certain autoimmune concomitants of
      aging in vivo. They may also help to explain impaired wound healing and increased
      predisposition to atherothrombosis in aging and diabetic individuals. This system
      of cultured human fibroblasts should serve as an excellent model to investigate
      the cellular and molecular basis of diabetes mellitus, aging and related
      pathology.

PMID- 1088946
TI  - Hayflick's hypothesis: an approach to in vivo testing.
AB  - The experimental evidence relating to the hypothesis of finite cellular life is
      reviewed. It is emphasized that even if somatic cell production were limited its
      total potential would have to be vast to provide for extensive cellular
      regeneration. The actual limit of reproductive cell life would therefore not
      likely be reached in a normal life-span. It is proposed to test the hypothesis by
      deliberate exhaustion of stem-cell reserve, and iron-55 cytocide is described as
      an experimental system that might be applicable.

PMID- 1088947
TI  - Current theories of biological aging.
AB  - Several lines of evidence have led to the notion that biological aging occurs as
      a result of changes in the information-containing molecules either at the genetic
      or epigenetic level. The error theory, the redundant message theory, the codon
      restriction theory, and the transcriptional event theory represent the major
      current conceptualizations of biological aging as held by most gerontologists.
      The finding that cultured normal human and animal cells undergo a finite number
      of population doublings in vitro has provided new insights into age changes at
      the cellular level. The number of mitotic events that cultured normal animal
      cells can undergo appears to be inversely related to the age of the donor. A
      direct proportionality exists, however, between the mean maximum life-span of a
      species and the number of population doublings that their cultured embryonic
      cells will undergo. The several biochemical decrements known to occur prior to
      the cessation of mitotic activity in vitro are thought to herald those
      manifestations of senescence seen in the whole animal. Yet to be explained is how
      those cell classes such as the germ plasm and continuously propagable cancer
      cells escape from the inevitability of biological aging.

PMID- 1088948
TI  - How drugs attain formulary listing.

PMID- 1088949
TI  - A stereotaxic atlas and technique for forebrain nuclei of the killfish, Fundulus
      heteroclitus.

PMID- 1088950
TI  - A stereotaxic atlas and technique for forebrain nuclei of the goldfish, Carassius
      auratus.

PMID- 1088951
TI  - Haloperidol parenterally for treatment of vomiting and nausea from
      gastrointestinal disorders in a group of geriatric patients: double-blind,
      placebo-controlled study.
AB  - Twenty-eight geriatric residents of a nursing home participated in a double-blind
      study to compare the 12-hour therapeutic effectiveness of a single intramuscular
      injection (1.0 mg) of haloperidol with that of placebo for the relief of vomiting
      and nausea due to gastrointestinal disorders. Significantly fewer episodes of
      vomiting occurred in the haloperidol group than in the placebo group. Nausea also
      was less frequent in the haloperidol group. After four hours, symptoms recurred
      much more often in the placebo group. Global evaluations showed that a
      significantly greater number of haloperidol patients improved markedly than did
      those given placebo. There were no clinically significant changes in vital signs
      throughout the study in the haloperidol group. In 1 placebo patient the pulse
      rate was significantly increased; otherwise no adverse reactions were reported
      for this group. Thus, in a nursing-home population of geriatric patients who
      experienced vomiting and nausea due to gastrointestinal disorders, haloperidol
      administered parenterally proved to be a safe and highly effective antiemetic
      agent.

PMID- 1088952
TI  - Current publications in gerontology and geriatrics.

PMID- 1088953
TI  - Text of Benjamin Rush Award presentation by AMA president Malcolm Todd, M.D., to
      C.E. Robert Parker, M.D.

PMID- 1088954
TI  - William R. Willard, M.D.

PMID- 1088955
TI  - Towards control of breast cancer in Oklahoma.

PMID- 1088956
TI  - The annual awards of the Association of American Medical Colleges. The Abraham
      Flexner Award. Dr. John L. Caughey, Jr.

PMID- 1088957
TI  - The annual awards of the Association of American Medical Colleges. The Borden
      Award. Dr. Edwin D. Kilbourne.

PMID- 1088958
TI  - Description of a computer-assisted testing system in an independent study
      program.

PMID- 1088959
TI  - Computer-aided instruction in community hospital emergency departments: a pilot
      project.

PMID- 1088960
TI  - Letter: Dark-field examination in early primary syphilis.

PMID- 1088961
TI  - Letter: Connotations of "exuberant".

PMID- 1088962
TI  - Letter: Herpes simplex infections.

PMID- 1088963
TI  - Clofibrate and niacin in coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1088964
TI  - Disseminated Strongyloides stercoralis. A complication of immunosuppression.

PMID- 1088965
TI  - Syphilitic proctitis in a homosexual.

PMID- 1088966
TI  - Corticosteroid aerosols for the treatment of asthma.

PMID- 1088967
TI  - Radiologic approach to obstructive jaundice and pancreatic disease.

PMID- 1088968
TI  - The role of abdominal radiography in hypertension secondary to renal or adrenal
      disease.

PMID- 1088969
TI  - Hematuria.

PMID- 1088970
TI  - The radiologic evaluation of the patient with suspected pulmonary thromboembolic
      disease.

PMID- 1088971
TI  - The radiologic evaluation of patients with chest trauma. Respiratory system.

PMID- 1088972
TI  - The radiologic evaluation of patients with chest trauma. Cardiovascular system.

PMID- 1088973
TI  - Acute renal failure. Pathology and pathogenesis.

PMID- 1088974
TI  - The nephrotic syndrome--a new look at the pathology and pathophysiology.

PMID- 1088975
TI  - Urinalysis and other tests of renal function.

PMID- 1088976
TI  - Joseph Tartakoff, M.D.

PMID- 1088977
TI  - Acute oliguria.

PMID- 1088978
TI  - [Genetic aspects of hemophilia A and B].

PMID- 1088979
TI  - [Thrift which imposes on wisdom. Concern over artificial kidney treatment and
      kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1088980
TI  - The scientific basis of prevention.

PMID- 1088981
TI  - Effect of postmortem tissue fixation on tooth mobility and pocket depth in human
      beings.
AB  - With the exception of dry skulls, postmortem human material is rarely used in the
      study of periodontal disease. If the relationship between clinical periodontal
      measurements, such as mobility and pocket depth, were known antemortem versus
      postmortem, a new source of information would be available. In this study, such
      measurements were performed on a patient whose mandible was resected because of a
      malignant condition. Mobility was found to have decreased; pocket depths
      initially increased, and then returned to nearly preoperative levels.

PMID- 1088982
TI  - [Septic conditions following gynecologic interventions in pregnancy].

PMID- 1088983
TI  - [The effect of alpha methyldopa and phenobarbital on angiotensin sensitivity and
      renin activity in man].

PMID- 1088984
TI  - [The Museum of Medical History of the Royal Hungarian Medical Society].

PMID- 1088985
TI  - [The book of the British physician, William Beattie, on the Danube region in the
      past century].

PMID- 1088986
TI  - [A case of drug interaction and its political consequences (episodes from the
      history of the Torok pharmacy)].

PMID- 1088987
TI  - Practical nursing programs accredited by the National League for Nursing, 1974.

PMID- 1088988
TI  - Antimicrobials: team effort keeps wonder drugs wonderful.

PMID- 1088989
TI  - The cooling, analgesic, and rewarming effects of ice massage on localized skin.
AB  - The study was designed to produce objective data on the rate of local cooling
      following the ice massage technique of cold application and the rate of rewarming
      following termination of the ice application. More importantly, the onset of skin
      analgesia and its duration were evaluated. Sixteen normal subjects participated
      in four testing sessions, two of which were control session. A thermistor unit
      with probes monitored skin temperature and a standardized pain-evoking stimulus
      was used to verify analgesia. Analgesia was elicited by the ice massage only
      after the localized region had been cooled to, and maintained below, 13.6 degrees
      Celsius. The rate of cooling for the localized skin was more rapid than the rate
      of rewarming. The ten-minute ice massage was an effective procedure in achieving
      analgesia and, thus, may be sufficient to permit therapeutic exercise of
      selective painful conditions during, and for approximately three minutes
      immediately following, application.

PMID- 1088990
TI  - Treatment of a patient with a complete C1 quadriplegia.

PMID- 1088991
TI  - Effect of alterations in extracellular fluid volume on segmental sodium
      transport.
AB  - This review focuses on the segmental handling of sodium during alterations in
      extracellular fluid volume. There is abundant evidence that proximal tubular
      sodium reabsorption is inhibited by Ringer loading but there are also unequivocal
      data demonstrating that inhibition of a more distal nephron segment is required
      for a maximal natriuretic response. From the evidence at hand presently, it would
      seem that, of the distal nephron segments, only the collecting duct is inhibited
      by expansion of the extracellular volume per se.

PMID- 1088992
TI  - Control of the ductus arteriosus.
AB  - In the fetus the major function of the ductus arteriosus is to divert flow away
      from the lungs toward the placenta, therby avoiding unnecessary circulation
      through the lungs and reducing the work load of the heart. Constriction of the
      ductus arteriosus is produced by several mechanisms that may interact with one
      another in producing normal postnatal closure of the ductus arteriosus. The major
      mechanism is the constrictor effect of an increased O2 environment. This may
      directly affect the ductus arteriosus muscle or may work through the release of
      an intermediary substance. Other vasoactive substance circulating in the blood
      after birth may also play some role in constriction of the ductus arteriosus.
      There are major species differences in the degree and type of response to the
      various stimuli and the exact mechanisms ultimately responsible for closure are
      not yet fully understood.

PMID- 1088993
TI  - Role of synthesis of nucleic acids and protein in adaptation to the external
      environment.

PMID- 1088994
TI  - In memoriam--Frederick Stohlman, Jr.

PMID- 1088995
TI  - Neutrophil migration in health and disease.

PMID- 1088996
TI  - Neutrophil physiology and pathology. Introduction.

PMID- 1088997
TI  - Physiology of chemotaxis and random motility.
AB  - The following aspects of random and directional migration of leukocytes have been
      considered: (1) basic cellular mechanisms involved in leukocyte locomotion; (2)
      the mechanisms of formation and the nature of various factors such as cytotaxins,
      cytotaxin-inactivators and inhibitors participating in the regulation of the
      chemotactic response, and (3) the relationship between chemotaxis and leukocyte
      emigration. The need for adequate techniques for measuring chemotaxis has been
      emphasized with special reference to clinical investigation.

PMID- 1088998
TI  - Pathology of chemotaxis and random mobility.

PMID- 1088999
TI  - The kinetics and regulation of granulopoiesis.

PMID- 1089000
TI  - Homotransplant renal artery stenosis.
AB  - Transplant renal artery stenosis occurred in 12 of 101 consecutive kidney
      transplants. Stenoses were all located in the renal artery distal to the
      anastomosis. Two separate forms of stenosis are recognized: angulation and
      segmental. All transplant patients with severe diastolic hypertension, refractory
      to medical management, and an audible abdominal bruit should undergo angiography.
      Surgical correction of the stenosis was accomplished in nine of 12 patients with
      cure of their hypertension.

PMID- 1089001
TI  - [Combined use of drugs and variations in action in various animals (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1089002
TI  - Complications of oral contraceptive agents--a symposium. Action and efficacy of
      systemic contraceptive agents, and introduction of complications.

PMID- 1089003
TI  - An analysis of the reported association of oral contraceptives to thromboembolic
      disease.

PMID- 1089004
TI  - Complications of oral contraceptive agents-a symposium. Effects of oral
      contraceptives on carbohydrate metabolism.

PMID- 1089005
TI  - Complications of systemic contraceptive agents: hypertension.

PMID- 1089009
TI  - Trauma rounds: Orthopedic emergencies.

PMID- 1089008
TI  - Persistent serratia bacteremia associated with drug abuse.

PMID- 1089007
TI  - Current status of the treatment of syphilis.
AB  - Penicillin remains the treatment of choice for syphilis, with sustained low blood
      levels curing virtually all patients having early syphilis and halting disease
      progression in most patients with symptomatic syphilis. Tetracycline,
      erythromycin or cephalothin yields similar cure rates for patients with early
      syphilis who are allergic to penicillin. The efficacy of non-penicillin regimens
      for the treatment of late syphilis is uncertain. Results of Venereal Disease
      Research Laboratory (VDRL) or other reagin tests should become negative or remain
      at very low titer following adequate therapy, although results of Treponema
      pallidum immobilization (TPI) and fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorbed (FTA
      ABS) tests often remain positive.

PMID- 1089006
TI  - Complications of systemic oral contraceptive therapy: Neoplasm--breast, uterus,
      cervix and vagina.

PMID- 1089010
TI  - The saga of osteopathy in California.

PMID- 1089011
TI  - The role of the kidney in spontaneous hypertension.
AB  - There is direct and indirect evidence that the kidneys are involved in the onset
      of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive animals. In the Dahl strain, rather
      convincing evidence exists for a primary, inherent renal defect that is worsened
      by high dietary salt. In the Okamoto and New Zealand strains, an intrinsic defect
      may be provoked by increased sympathetic nerve activity. Similarities between all
      of these strains and Goldblatt hypertension suggest a fluid volume abnormality,
      but the gradual onset of elevated pressure and continuing growth during
      development of hypertension may obscure critical volume changes. Theoretically,
      arterial pressure, somewhat independent of intermediate steps, will reach the
      level which is dictated by renal function as being necessary for the maintenance
      of salt and water homeostasis. While widespread use of different spontaneously
      hypertensive strains may currently be complicating our understanding of the
      intermediate steps, studies of dissimilar strains should, in time, enhance our
      understanding of the many different facets of long-term blood pressure control.

PMID- 1089012
TI  - Interesting aspects of geriatric cardiology.
AB  - Geriatric cardiology requires special knowledge and experience. It is not
      possible to extrapolate directly experience obtained with young patients to old
      people. Because of the multiple illnesses, many serious, in the elderly cardiac
      patients, it is imperative for the cardiologist to be, first of all, a master
      internist at all times. Old patients with their multiple illnesses are also
      sensitive to drugs, including digitalis and diuretics. There is a need to train
      more physicians in geriatric cardiology in order to offer the old patient the
      best of care since so many old people are living today. There is also a need to
      learn the effects of the aging process itself on the human heart. Such studies
      should command priorities in financial and other forms of support.

PMID- 1089013
TI  - William Hugh Feldman, DVM, 1892-1974.

PMID- 1089014
TI  - Use of chromium-adenosine triphosphate and lyxose to elucidate the kinetic
      mechanism and coordination state of the nucleotide substrate for yeast
      hexokinase.
AB  - When initial velocities are measured with yeast hexokinase at pH 7, 17 degrees,
      the inert coordination complex chromium-ATP is competitive vs. MgATP and
      noncompetitive with glucose, with a dissociation constant of 4-6 muM in either
      the presence or absence of glucose. These patterns confirm a random kinetic
      mechanism for this enzyme. With CrATP present, however, the reaction slows down
      over the first several minutes to a much slower rate, suggesting tighter binding
      of CrATP with time. When CrATP, MgATP, and D-lyxose are preincubated with the
      enzyme for 10 min and the reaction started by addition of excess glucose, the
      dissociation constand of CrATP in now 0.13 muM and the reaction is linear with
      time. When glucose, CrATP, and enzyme are incubated together and then placed on a
      Sephadex column, 1 mol each of CrATP and glucose per active center is tightly
      bound to the enzyme, thus providing a simple and precise method of determining
      the concentration of active sites. This tight complex, after denaturation with
      acid, releases 25% free glucose and 75% of a chromium complex containing both ADP
      and sugar-6-P. CrADP-glucose-6-P is also slowly released from the enzyme during
      incubation, so that CrATP is actually a very slow substrate. Binding of CrATP
      with the formation of CrADP-sugar-6-P complexes is also induced by mannose,
      fructose, glucosamine, 2,5-anhydro-D-glucitol, 2,5-anhydro-D-mannose, and 2,5
      anhydro-D-mannitol, while glucose-6-P, 6-deoxyglucose, and lyxose also induce
      tight binding of CrATP. With excess enzyme, only 25% of CrATP is bound, and the
      rest does not inhibit the hexokinase reaction. Since bidentate Cr(NH3)4ATP and
      monodentate CrADP also display inhibition which is tighter with time, but since
      bidentate CrADP is a poor inhibitor, the actural substrates in the hexokinase
      reaction appear to be beta, gamma-bidentate MgATP and beta-monodentate MgADP.
      Tighter inhibition by Cr-8-BrATP than by CrATP suggests that ATP ASSUMES THE SYN
      CONFORMATION ON THE ENZYME. The substrate inhibition by MgATP induced by the
      presence of lyxose is shown to be competitive vs. glucose and partial, and,
      together with other data available, to suggest a kinetic mechanism that is
      random, but where (1) the rate constant for release of glucose from E-glucose is
      equal to Vmax, and that for release of glucose from central complexes is less
      than Vmas; (2) the majority of the reaction flux when both substrates are present
      at Km levels goes through the path with glucose adding before MgATP, but where at
      physiological levels the flux through the two paths is more equal. Contd.

PMID- 1089015
TI  - Role of science in the development of biomedical engineering in our country
      (250th anniversary of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR).

PMID- 1089016
TI  - Apparatus for embedding objects in paraffin in vacuo.

PMID- 1089017
TI  - Past presidents I have known.
AB  - This paper is an account of the accomplishments of some of the early past
      presidents of the Medical Library Association known personally to the author in
      his career as a medical librarian. It demonstrates the qualities that made these
      librarians leaders of our profession and also indicates their personal attributes
      that contributed to the advancement of medical librarianship. It is hoped that
      the historical presentation of some of the giants of our profession will inspire
      present and future presidents and other medical librarians with an understanding
      of some of the qualities necessary to the continuing success of our profession.
      Sir William Osler, who was a great believer in libraries and librarians and
      himself a Past President of MLA, summed up four qualities in his advice to
      medical students equally applicable to past and present leadership in the library
      profession-(1) the art of detachment, (2) the virtue of method, (3) the quality
      of thoroughness, (4) the grace of humility (Osler, Sir William. Teacher and
      Student. In his Aequanimitas: with Other Addresses to Medical Students. 3d ed.
      Philadelphia, Blakiston Company, 1904. p. 27-31.). It is thought that our past
      presidents possessed all of these qualities.

PMID- 1089018
TI  - Cunningham classification.

PMID- 1089019
TI  - Ann R. Lindsay.

PMID- 1089020
TI  - Sir William Osler-acupuncturist.

PMID- 1089021
TI  - Medical numismatic notes, XVII: medallists in psychiatry and psychology.

PMID- 1089022
TI  - Education and philanthropy in the United States in 1842.

PMID- 1089023
TI  - "More things in heaven and earth".

PMID- 1089024
TI  - Aspergillosis of bone.

PMID- 1089025
TI  - Proceedings: The development of hypoxic cell sensitizers.

PMID- 1089026
TI  - Proceedings: The effects of hypoxic sensitizing agents on post-irradiation
      macromolecular synthesis and degradation in E. coli.

PMID- 1089027
TI  - William Gilbert.

PMID- 1089028
TI  - Letter: Uticillin.

PMID- 1089029
TI  - Letter: John Locke.

PMID- 1089030
TI  - Sir Zachary Cope.

PMID- 1089031
TI  - Aleck W. Bourne.

PMID- 1089032
TI  - Peptidases in different areas of the rat brain inactivating luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH).

PMID- 1089033
TI  - The family doctor in Canada evolves.

PMID- 1089035
TI  - Spina bifida in a calf.

PMID- 1089034
TI  - Death in amphetamine users: causes and rates.
AB  - The world medical literature contains 43 reports of deaths associated with
      amphetamines in a 35-year period. These included seven cerebrovascular accidents,
      six sudden cardiac deaths, three cases of hyperpyrexia, eight poisonings of
      uncertain mechanism and seven cases of medical complications of intravenous
      injection; the remainder were of uncertain cause. In contrast, in Ontario alone,
      in 1972 and 1973 there were 26 deaths in amphetamine users, of which 16 were due
      to accident suicide or homicide. Of the remaining cases, two were cardiac, two
      hepatic and the rest were mixed drug overdose. Pulmonary granulomata, subacute
      hepatitis and other lesions resulting from intravenous drug use were common
      findings at autopsy. On the basis of the estimated number of regular users of
      intravenous amphetamine in Ontario, the mortality rate in such users is at least
      four times as high as in the general population of the same age, and is
      comparable to that in alcoholics and heroin addicts. However, the absolute number
      of alcohol-related deaths is far greater than the number of deaths in amphetamine
      or heroin users.

PMID- 1089036
TI  - Surface immunoglobulin positive lymphocytes in human breast cancer tissue and
      homolateral axillary lymph nodes.
AB  - Surface immunoglobulins were determined on human lymph node lymphocytes by the
      use of immunofluorescence technique in 59 breast cancer patients undergoing
      radical mastectomy. In 10 of these cases, lymphocyte surface immunoglobulins were
      also studied on lymphocytes infiltrating the primary cancer mass. The most
      outstanding finding was a difference between the IgM lymphocyte populations in
      the lymph nodes of patients with and without lymph node metastases. When cancer
      tissue was present in one or more lymph nodes, the tumor-free as well as the
      tumor-positive nodes showed a higher percentage of IgM positive lymphocytes than
      did lymph nodes from patients without nodal metastases. The greatest difference
      was found when IgM lymphocytes from tumor-bearing lymph nodes were compared with
      those from the lymph nodes of patients without nodal metastases (p is less than
      .005). The lymphocyte populations infiltrating 5 of the 10 primary cancer masses
      studied showed no surface immunoglobulins; in the remainder, both IgG and IgM
      positive lymphocytes were found but in variable proportions. While  the findings
      are not definitive, this is the first study dealing with the quantitation of
      immunoglobulin specific lymphocytes in the lymph nodes and tumor tissue of
      patients with breast cancer.

PMID- 1089037
TI  - Nodular lymphoma: an ultrastructural study of its relationship to germinal
      centers and a correlation of light and electron microscopic findings.
AB  - This study describes the ultrastructural findings in 16 cases of nodular
      lymphoma, and compares these with normal germinal centers in order to determine
      the possible germinal center origin of the lymphomas. Long branching desmosome
      associated dendritic reticulum cells, characteristic of germinal centers, were
      found in all 16 cases of nodular lymphoma. Desmosomes were observed only between
      dendritic cells and not between lymphoid cells, and they were seen in only 1 of 7
      cases of diffuse lymphoma. Cells comprising the nodular lymphomas share cytologic
      features, such as nuclear blebs and marked nuclear indentations, with germinal
      center cells. It appears that nodular lymphomas have a close anatomical
      relationship to germinal centers, although their actual origin from these sites
      is not established by this study. They are composed of lymphoid cells; we have no
      evidence to confirm the view that nodular lymphomas are derived from dendritic
      cells. Light and electron microscopic findings have been compared in order to
      establish the nature of large "histiocyte-like" cells in the nodular lymphomas.
      Many of these cells appear to represent transformed lymphocytes rather than
      histiocytes. They are more numerous in so-called mixed "histiocytic" lymphocytic
      lymphomas than in poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas, which otherwise
      are ultrastructurally similar. This study casts doubt upon the existence of a
      mixed lymphocytic and histiocytic lymphoma within the spectrum of the nodular
      lymphomas, and indicates that a cytologic continuum exists between cells
      interpreted as poorly differentiated lymphocytes and those heretofore identified
      as histiocytes.

PMID- 1089038
TI  - Aggressive growth and neoplastic potential of odontogenic cysts: with special
      reference to central epidermoid and mucoepidermoid carcinomas.
AB  - An aggressive form of odontogenic cyst known as the keratocyst has been reviewed
      with a report on the findings of 70 new instances. Recurrence after 2 years of
      followup was found to be 20%. From both a review of the literature and original
      cases, carcinomatous and ameloblastomatous transformation in odontogenic
      keratocysts seems to be an extremely rare phenomenon. Alternatively, epidermoid
      carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising centrally within the jaws are
      often associated with other types of dental cycts. Review of 36 instances of
      central epidermoid carcinoma has disclosed that 75% were associated with a cyst
      lining; the 2-year survival rate was found to be 53%. Central mucoepidermoid
      carcinoma was associated with a dental cyst or impacted tooth in 48% of the
      cases, and enjoyed a 100% 2-year and 5-year survival; however, 2 patients were
      recorded alive with disease at 4 months and 10 years, whereas another patient
      succumbed to disease 14 years postoperatively.

PMID- 1089039
TI  - Techniques for inhibiting tumor metastases.
AB  - Of the four major biological mechanisms of cancer spread, hematogenous
      dissemination is perhaps the most significant, as it usually heralds a fatal
      outcome for the patient. Recent experimental approaches have shown ways of
      altering the metastatic process and even totally inhibiting it in some animal
      models. It appears that these models may be applicable to certain human cancers.
      To prevent hematogenous metastasis formation the process must be inhibited at any
      one of four levels: 1) growth of the primary; 2) invasion of vessel walls; 3)
      release of viable tumor cells; or 4) entrapment and growth in distant organs.
      Judicious handling of the primary can decrease metastasis by minimizing the
      shedding of tumor cells. New experimental agents prevent the release of tumor
      cells from the primary by normalizing the blood vessels of the tumor. Warfarin,
      heparin, and fibrinolytic agents inhibit the entrapment of circulating tumor
      cells, presumably by their effect on coagulative mechanisms. A better
      understanding of the benefits of combined approaches to cancer using
      chemotherapy, irradiation, and immunotherapy, alone and as adjuncts to surgery,
      offers new opportunity to study methods of controlling metastatic disease.

PMID- 1089041
TI  - Preoperative irradiation and surgery for certain cancers.
AB  - Failure to cure cancer by surgery is caused by inability to remove all local
      extensions of the lesion or from prior or synchronous dissemination of tumor
      cells. Laboratory evidence has suggested that preoperative irradiation of the
      primary tumor can increase cure rates. In the clinical realm, the efficacy of
      preoperative irradiation appears to vary with specific tumors. Lung cancer shows
      no improvement in survival. Cancers of the bladder and breast may show
      enhancement of cure rate. Data indicate that cancer of the rectosigmoid does
      benefit from preoperative therapy. Adherence to important factors of dosage and
      timing of operation is necessary to prevent undesirable complications. Randomized
      clinical trials are needed to establish the efficacy of this combined modality
      treatment system. This is particularly true since both these modalities can be
      applied on a wide-scale basis if beneficial effects are conclusively
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1089040
TI  - Combined modality therapy of gynecologic cancer.
AB  - In the treatment of gynecologic malignancies, various combinations of surgery,
      drugs, and radiation therapy are used with increasing frequency. An examination
      is made of data dealing with combined modalities in the treatment of tumors of
      the cervix, endometrium, and ovary. Although the efficacy of such treatments has
      not been established, they are increasingly popular. Newer studies now being
      conducted, together with newer drugs employed in combination with radiation
      therapy and surgery, can result in the benefits which to date have not been
      realized.

PMID- 1089042
TI  - Immune inhibition of allogeneic lymphoma cells in the peritoneal cavity of mice.
AB  - Mice were sensitized with cells of normal spleen, transplantable syngeneic
      lymphomas, or allogeneic lymphomas differing for alloantigens specified by the
      major histocompatibility complex. From three to eleven days later, the allograft
      reactivity of these sensitized and appropriate control mice was evaluated in the
      peritoneal cavity by the disappearance of injected lymphoma cells or the
      inhibition of DNA synthesis. For the disappearance test, target cells were
      labeled with [125-I]-5-ido-2'-deoxyuridine before transfer. For the inhibition
      test, unlabeled target cells were transferred, but these cells were subsequently
      exposed to the DNA precursor [125-I]-5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. In both procedures,
      cells were recovered from the peritoneal cavity without killing the hosts to
      measure retained radioactivity. Both tests were immunogenetically specific in
      detecting secondary allograft reactions, but the disappearance test was less
      sensitive. By inhibition of DNA synthesis, it was possible to detect primary and
      secondary reactions, the latter three to eight days after sensitization.
      Alloantigens associated with the H-2K-Ir regions of Murine Linkage Group IX were
      more immunogenic than those associated with the Ss-H-2D-Tla regions in eliciting
      antilymphoma reactions, and female mice responded better than males. It was
      concluded that the peritoneal inhibition test is sensitive enough to monitor
      transplantation immunity in vivo and could be applied to animals bearing tumors
      in sites other than the peritoneum and undergoing chemotherapy.

PMID- 1089043
TI  - Stimulation of hemolysin plaque-forming cells by idoxuridine.
AB  - 5-Iodo-2'-deoxyuridine markedly stimulates the production of hemolysin plaque
      forming cells (HPFC) to sheep red blood cells in C3HeB/FeJ and A/J male and
      female mice. The degree of stimulation is dose dependent over a range of 50 to
      200 mg/kg. Stimulation is observed when drug is given on the day of antigen
      administration, or up to 3 days thereafter, but not when given before antigen
      administration or 4 days thereafter. The stimulatory effect of IUdR given on day
      2 after antigen is still noted on Day 15, but the time of HPFC production is not
      prolonged beyond that in controls. Both 19S and 7S HPFC are increased, although
      the effect on the latter is less pronounced. In addition to stimulating
      production of HPFC in immunized animals, 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine increases
      background HPFC production in nonimmunized mice by 250% when assayed on the day
      after treatment.

PMID- 1089045
TI  - [Czechoslovak health care--30 years after liberation].

PMID- 1089044
TI  - Etiological factors, stages, and the role of the foreign body in foreign body
      tumorigenesis: a review.
AB  - Attempts were made to analyze the process of foreign body (FB) tumorigenesis and
      to identify etiologically significant factors by correlating information in the
      literature and recent experimental data from our labroatory. It appears that the
      process of FB tumorigenesis is dependent on sequence of specific conditions as
      expressed by the following criteria: (a) cellular proliferation and tissue
      infiltration during acute FB reaction; (b) fibrosis of the tissue capsule
      surrounding the FB; (c) quiescence of the tissue reaction, i. e., dormancy and
      phagocytic inactivity of FB-attached macrophages; and (d) availability of a FB
      surface for direct contact with clonal preneoplastic cells. There is no
      indication that the initial acquisition of neoplastic potential and the
      determination of specific tumor characteristics are based on direct physical or
      chemical reaction between cells and the FB. These etiological key events occur
      presumably in mesenchymal stem cells associated with the microvasculature no
      later than during the acute stage of FB reaction and certainly long before clonal
      descendants of these cells are first found in contact with the FB surface. In
      fact, there is no reason to assume that cells with neoplastic determination may
      be present in normal tissue prior to the introduction of a FB and that the FB
      would only create the conditions required for stepwise preneoplastic maturation.

PMID- 1089046
TI  - Proteinases of starfishes--I.

PMID- 1089047
TI  - On the controversy of prophylactic antidepressants.

PMID- 1089048
TI  - Haloperidol as a treatment for adult stuttering.

PMID- 1089049
TI  - Neuroleptics as a guideline to biological research in psychotic disorders.

PMID- 1089050
TI  - Primary therapy of operable breast cancer.

PMID- 1089051
TI  - Current problems in renal transplantation.

PMID- 1089052
TI  - The molecular nature of damage by oxygen to freeze-dried Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1089053
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Janina Rydosz].

PMID- 1089054
TI  - [Polish Stomatological Society].

PMID- 1089055
TI  - [Importance of accurately measuring periodontal prostheses in the aspect of their
      therapeutic effect in periodontopathies].

PMID- 1089056
TI  - [Masticatory organ parafunctions as a complication of prosthetic treatment.
      Mechanism of development and treatment].

PMID- 1089057
TI  - [Non-parallel expansion of the palatal raphe].

PMID- 1089058
TI  - Butaclamol hydrochloride (AY-23,028): an early evaluation in severely ill
      schizophrenics.

PMID- 1089059
TI  - Joseph Charles Aub (1890-1973).

PMID- 1089060
TI  - LH-RH-containing neural elements in the rat hypothalamus.
AB  - With the use of rabbit anti-LH-RH serum, a system of delicate nerve fibers and
      terminals which contain immunoreactive LH-RH can be demonstrated in the median
      eminence of the rat, corresponding exactly to the tubero-infundibular tract as
      described earlier with the aid of classical neurophistological methods. The
      delicate fiber system can be traced to the region of the rectrochiasmatic area
      and especially to that of the arcuate nucleus but not farther. Nerve cells do not
      show any immunopositive reaction for LH-RH in the experimental conditions
      studied. LH-RH positive nerve fibers terminate on or in the immediate vicinity of
      the capillary loops penetrating the median eminence.

PMID- 1089061
TI  - Pineal methoxyindoles: new evidence concerning their function in the control of
      pineal-mediated changes in the reproductive physiology of male golden hamsters.
AB  - Maintaining adult male golden hamsters in short daily photoperiods (1hr of light
      and 23hr of darkness daily; LD 1.23) for 12 weeks caused the tests and accessory
      sex organs to atrophy and also led to significant depressions in pituitary LH and
      prolactin levels. If hamsters that were kept in LD 1.23 CYCLES RECEIVED WEEKLy
      subcutanceous implants of either a melanioninbeeswax or a 5-methoxtrypotophol
      beeswax pellet (1 mgindole in 24 mg beeswax) the testes and accessory sex organs
      failed to involute and pituitary LH levels did not drop. Both treatments also
      retarded the depression in hypophyseal prolactin retarded the depression in
      hypophyseal prolactin levels. Treatment (twice daily on weekdays and once daily
      on weekends) with 1.5 mug injections of synthetic LRH (in 0.2 ml 8% gelatin) did
      not prevent gonadal or accessory organ atrophy while it further depressed
      hypophyseal LRH treatment, plasma LH titers were significantly elevated. The
      reproductive organs of hamsters that were moved from short (LD1;I 23) to long (LD
      14;10) daily photoperiods regenerated within 8 weeks. This light-induced
      restoration of the gonads was not prevented or retarded by the weekly
      implantation of either melantonin-beeswax or 5-methoxytrptophol-beeswax pellets.
      The results suggest that in the male golden hamster neither melatonin nor 5
      methoxtryptophol accounts for the antigonadotrophic activity of the pineal gland.

PMID- 1089062
TI  - Direct action of prostaglandins on the rat pituitary.
AB  - The purpose of this study is to ascertain whether or not prostaglandins (PGs) act
      directly on the pituitary. In the first experiment, the plasma LH levels were
      sharply decreased 24 hr after the production of hypothalamic lesions in
      ovariectomized mature rats. Ten min after the iv injection of PGE1, PGE2 or
      PGF2alpha, the plasma LH levels increased significantly as compared with the
      vehicle control. Also, the plasma LH levels were elevated following the iv
      injection of LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH). In the second experiment, after
      pretreatment of ovariectomized mature rats with estrogen and progesterone,
      animals received a SC injection of indomethacin, 2 mg in 0.2 ml of gelatin for 3
      days. Twenty-four hr after the last injection, 100 ng of LH-RH were injected into
      the jugular vein. The response of the pituitary to the LH-RH was significantly
      lower in the indomethacin-treated rats than in the vehicle control rats. In the
      3rd experiment, we tested several PGs for stimulatory effects on LH secretion by
      injecting them into the anterior pituitary. Following direct microinjection of
      PGE1 or PGE2 (50 or 100 mug/mul) into the rat pituitary, plasma LH was increased
      at 10 and 45 min after the injection. However, PGF2alpha at both 50 and 100
      mug/5mul, failed to increase the plasma LH levels. In the last experiment, the
      effect of PGE1, PGE2 or PGF2alpha on in vitro rat anterior pituitary LH release
      was studied. Addition of PGE1, (2 or 20 mug), PGE2 (0.002 or 0.02 mug) or
      PGF2alpha (200 mug) to the incubation medium produced a significant increase in
      LH release into the incubation medium. These observations indicate that
      sufficient dosages of PGs can also stimulate LH secretion by acting directly on
      the pituitary.

PMID- 1089063
TI  - Pancreatic alpha cell function in relation to cholesterol metabolism in Bandicota
      bengalensis.

PMID- 1089064
TI  - Membrane receptor dependent iron transport in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1089065
TI  - Affinity binding of Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins to immobilized RNA.

PMID- 1089066
TI  - The presence of the adenine nucleotide translocator in rho- yeast mitochondria.

PMID- 1089067
TI  - Evolutionary relationships in superoxide dismutase.

PMID- 1089068
TI  - Selected genes of T7 DNA associated with the Escherichia coli membrane following
      phage infection.

PMID- 1089069
TI  - The affinity of E. coli RNA polymerase to matrix bound rifamycin.

PMID- 1089070
TI  - Evidence supporting a revised sequence for yeast alanine tRNA.

PMID- 1089071
TI  - Separation of aminoacyl-tRNAPhe and tRNAsPhe with partially hydrolysed 3'-end by
      polyacrylamide gradient micro-electrophoresis.

PMID- 1089072
TI  - Quaternary structure of Escherichia coli polynucleotide phosphorylase: new
      evidence for a trimeric structure.

PMID- 1089073
TI  - Inhibition at the initiation level of eukaryotic protein synthesis by T-2 toxin.

PMID- 1089074
TI  - [Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the UkrSSR, G. V. Fol'bort (on the
      90th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 1089075
TI  - [Acute overstress of the secretory function of the gastric glands].

PMID- 1089076
TI  - [The effect of unconditioned and conditioned reflex stimuli on the secretory
      function of gastric glands in persons of advanced and old age].

PMID- 1089077
TI  - [Restoration of endocrine functions and the work of G. V. Fol'bort concerning
      depletion and restoration].

PMID- 1089078
TI  - [Primary reticulosarcoma of the ovary].

PMID- 1089079
TI  - [Incidence of aspergillosis in ex-coal miners suffering from pneumoconiosis].

PMID- 1089080
TI  - [Primary reticulosarcoma of the lung].

PMID- 1089081
TI  - [Pulmonary nocardiosis in a 15-month-old child].

PMID- 1089082
TI  - Cirrhosis associated with partial deficiency of alpha-1-antitrypsin: a clinical
      and autopsy study.
AB  - A 63 year old woman with cryptogenic cirrhosis, ascites, portal hypertension, and
      intermediate levels of alpha-1-antitrypsin of protease inhibitor SZ phenotype who
      died of esophageal variceal hemorrhage is described. The partial deficiency of
      alpha-1-antitrypsin and the diagnosis of cirrhosis were suspected one year prior
      to death because a needle biopsy of liver showed PAS positive, diastase resistant
      cytoplasmic bodies within hepatocytes. This report illustrates three previously
      undescribed features: (1) Heterozygous protease inhibitor SZ phenotype may be
      associated with coarsely nodular cirrhosis in the older adult. (2) The large
      intracytoplasmic glycoprotein droplets that are distinctive by light microscopy
      are probably formalin induced aggregates of submicroscopic flocculent material.
      (3) In the older patients with aberrant alpha-1-antitrypsin the flocculent
      material is present not only in the granular endoplasmic reticulum but also in
      smooth endoplasmic reticulum vesicles and cytolysosomes.

PMID- 1089083
TI  - Coxsackie viral infection of human myocardium.
AB  - The myocardiu m of a young patient who had clinically established cardiomyopathy
      and suspected Coxsackie virus B4 infection was studied. Coxsackie B4 viral
      antigen was found in the ventricular and atrial myocardium by specific
      immunofluorescent antibody staining. Histologic examination revealed varying
      degrees of myocardial damage. Interstitial fibrosis and edema, swelling and
      deterioration of hypertrophic muscle fibers, connective tissue proliferation,
      stasis of small coronary blood vessels, atrophy of myocardial fibers with
      pyknosis of nuclei, and lytic deterioration were observed. Electron microscopic
      examination showed portions of the Z bands to be either widened or displaced into
      the sarcomere. Adjacent cell membranes in the region of the intercalated disc in
      the myocardium of both the ventricle and the atrium were separated, forming large
      gaps. Morphologic changes were most pronounced in the atrium adjacent to the
      mitral valve, in which the mitochondria were grossly swollen, and large vesicles
      were present in the sarcoplasm. The pathologic changes found in the myocardium of
      all chambers of the heart apparently were due to Coxsackie B4 viral infection.

PMID- 1089085
TI  - Microcirculation in diabetes mellitus: a study of gingival biopsies.
AB  - Gingival biopsy specimens from 24 diabetic patients, six obese persons, and six
      controls were studied statistically and morphologically to detect vascular
      basement membrane changes using a proposed classification of microvessels.
      Statistically significant basement membrane thickening is seen in all diabetic
      groups in most true capillaries and vessels proximal to them, especially in
      terminal arterioles and metarterioles, although the degree and extent of the
      changes vary among different clinical groups and vessel types. The basement
      membrane thickening is characterized by increased amorphous, granular, and
      fibrillary material with occasional scattered collagenous fibrils. Although
      nonspecific, basement membrane thickening in microvessels at, and especially
      proximal to, the level of true capillaries is intimately related to diabetes.
      Gingival biopsy may possibly be used as an adjunct in the diagnosis of diabetes.

PMID- 1089084
TI  - Inflammatory bowel disease: the surgical pathology of Crohn's disease and
      ulcerative colitis.
AB  - Ulcerative colitis and granulomatous colitis are distinct entities, but up to 10
      per cent of colectomy specimens remain unclassified. Ulcerative colitis is
      primarily a mucosal disease, and other changes appear to be secondary to this
      process. By contrast, Crohn's disease, or granulomatous colitis, involves the
      whole thickness of the bowel wall. About 20 per cent of the cases of Crohn's
      disease involve the small and large bowel, while another 20 per cent are
      restricted to the large bowel. Since granulomatous colitis is a patchy disease,
      and many of the changes are deep within the bowel wall, rectal biopsy may not be
      as helpful as in ulcerative colitis. Fully developed granulomas are present in
      only a small minority of cases, and a diagnostic report of granulomatous colitis
      may be given in the absence of granulomas. In biopsy material, the
      differentiation of inflammatory bowel disease from ischemic colitis and
      pseudomembranous colitis may be difficult. In the absence of specific
      demonstration of an organism it may also be impossible on rectal biopsy to
      distinguish amebic or bacillary dysentery from ulcerative colitis. Even by
      colectomy, 29 of 300 specimens were sufficiently atypical so as not to warrant a
      label of Crohn's disease, or ulcerative colitis. Cancer of the colon, which is
      common in ulcerative colitis, is rare in Crohn's disease, but may also represent
      a definite complication in the latter. Immunologic studies are still confusing,
      but it is suggested that patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease may
      have a state of altered immunologic reactivity.

PMID- 1089086
TI  - Todd hernia repair.

PMID- 1089087
TI  - Surgical treatment of livedo reticularis.

PMID- 1089088
TI  - Growth and transplantation of organ-cultured corneas.
AB  - Calf corneal buttons were grown in medium M199 supplemented with newborn calf
      serum (xenogeneic to the recipient) or rabbit serum (allongeneic to the
      recipient) and implanted interlamellarly into rabbit recipients. Implantation of
      buttons, grown in medium containing calf serum were rejected sooner than
      noncultured buttons. The rejection was quicker as the grafts were kept longer in
      culture. However, corneal buttons grown in medium containing rabbit serum showed,
      in general, a slower rejection process.

PMID- 1089089
TI  - Ciliary ganglion stimulation. I. Effects on aqueous humor inflow and outflow.
AB  - Stimulation of the ciliary ganglion in an enucleated, arterially perfused cat eye
      preparation produced a sustained increase in aqueous humor formation and an
      increase in the rate of aqueous humor outflow. The increased aqueous humor
      formation induced by ciliary ganglion stimulation has been found to be pressure
      dependent and therefore suggests that ultrafiltration may be the underlying
      mechanism of action. No change in capillary permeability of the ciliary body
      could be demonstrated.

PMID- 1089090
TI  - Marijuana smoking and reduced pressure in human eyes: drug action or
      epiphenomenon?
AB  - Normal pressure within the human eye was reduced after smoking a socially
      relevant dose of marijuana (12 mg. delta9-9-tetrahydrocannabinol), but only for
      light to moderate users who experienced a substantial "high" and a state of
      peaceful relaxation from the experimental dose. Analysis suggests an indirect
      effect of the drug associated with relaxation-a psychophysiologic state that can
      be produced by drug and nondrug  means.

PMID- 1089091
TI  - Cardiac resuscitation in the eighteenth century.

PMID- 1089092
TI  - Transvenous intracardiac biopsy using a new catheter forceps.

PMID- 1089093
TI  - Digitalis therapy after acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1089094
TI  - Francis Heed Adler, M.D.

PMID- 1089096
TI  - Transvitreal chorioretinal biopsy in the rabbit.
AB  - Transvitreal chorioretinal biopsy was performed in nine Dutch rabbits by
      introducing a biopsy instrument through a small eye wall incision, passing the
      instrument across the eye through the vitreous to the biopsy site, and by
      trephinating and removing from the eye a 1.6-mm diameter specimen of the
      posterior eye wall. Biopsy was carried out under stereotaxic control by using a
      micromanipulator especially designed for ophthalmic surgery. Hemostasis was
      achieved by circumferential mechanical pressure around the biopsy site. The eye
      wall defect was sealed by a preplaced explant and repaired by fibrovascular
      ingrowth from the surrounding choroid and episclera. The normal histologic
      features of the biopsy specimen were preserved, except for separation of the
      neurosensory retina from the pigmented epithelium. Complications of the procedure
      included hemorrhage from the incision site, transvitreal strand formation, and
      lens abrasion. In no instance, however, did these complications result in
      significant opacification of the optical media. The biopsy technique has
      potential use as a clinical procedure in the diagnosis of choroidal tumors and
      other selected disorders of the choroid and retina and as a technique in
      investigational animal studies.

PMID- 1089095
TI  - Improved corneal storage for penetrating keratoplasties in man.
AB  - Twenty-six of 28 human corneas stored for up to seven days in a simple tissue
      culture medium (dextran dissolved in tissue culture medium with streptomycin
      penicillin mixture) remained clear and thin after keratoplasty. Temperature
      reversal phenomenon and electron microscopy demonstrated high quality of such
      tissue after storage. The method is inexpensive, requires limited technical
      assistance, and provides the surgeon with excellent tissue at regular operation
      hours.

PMID- 1089097
TI  - Ocular reticulum cell sarcoma.
AB  - In four of eight cases of reticulum cell sarcoma with ocular involvement
      diagnosis was made by craniotomy when the signs of a brain tumor developed. A
      fifth case had an isolated intraocular tumor. Of the other three, two were
      diagnosed by vitreous aspiration and one by cerebrospinal fluid cytology. Ocular
      reticulum cell sarcoma frequently accompanies or precedes brain involvement. In
      this form of the disease the ocular lesion is usually a tumor cell infiltrate of
      the retina. The associated retinochoroiditis leads to marked vitreous clouding
      and eventual retinal detachment and glaucoma may occur. On the other hand, when
      intraocular reticulum cell sarcoma occurs in association with the systemic lymph
      node visceral form of the disease, choroidal involvement is the rule. Vitreous
      aspiration may confirm the diagnosis at an early stage when clinical and
      laboratory evaluation reveal no disease outside the globe. The retinal tumor foci
      are radiosensitive and local radiation, although not curative, may restore visual
      acuity. Immunosuppressive therapy given in low doses for anti-inflammatory effect
      may exacerbate the disease.

PMID- 1089098
TI  - Equine laminitis and associated hypertension: a review.

PMID- 1089099
TI  - Neutropenia and salmonellosis in hospitalized horses.
AB  - Colitis due to salmonellae was diagnosed in 9 horses following hospitalization
      for various reasons at the University of Missouri Veterinary Teaching Hospital,
      from May, 1971, to April, 1972. Diarrhea, fever, and either a neutrophil count of
      less than or equal to 3,600/cmm or a rapid decline in neutrophil numbers were
      specific for salmonellosis. The value of hematologic survelillance in
      hospitalized Equidae was demonstrated in another group of 9 horses with
      neutropenia, each of which was promptly treated and did not develop colitis.
      Bacteriologic culturing of fecal samples from 28 clinically normal horses yielded
      only 2 salmonella isolations, S manhattan in each case. The serotyped salmonellae
      isolated from the patients with colitis were all S typhimurium, with similar
      antibiotic resistance patterns.

PMID- 1089100
TI  - Generalized mastocytosis in a foal, resembling urticaria pigmentosa of man.
AB  - A newborn foal with multiple, nodular, cutaneous lesions containing mast cells
      and with mast cell accumulations in bone marrow was observed for 1 year.
      Cutaneous nodules grew to several centimeters in size, ulcerated, and regressed.
      Only a few healed nodules remained when the foal was 1 year old. The disease was
      considered to be similar to urticaria pigmentosa of man.

PMID- 1089101
TI  - Viral respiratory infections of horses: host resistance and immunity.

PMID- 1089102
TI  - Distribution of red and white blood cells in alveolar walls.
AB  - Dog lungs were perfused with blood and rapidly frozen with liquid Freon gas at
      various pulmonary artery and venous pressures. The numbers of red and white blood
      cells per mm-2 of alveolar wall were counted in lung sections and, in addition,
      the proportion (by area) of the wall occupied by the cells was measured by point
      counting. The number and proportional area of the red blood cells rapidly
      increased as perfusing pressure was raised. These findings are consistent with
      earlier observations of capillary recruitment and distension. An unexpected
      observation was the large number of leukocytes in the capillaries especially at
      low perfusing pressures. For example when arterial exceeded alveolar pressure by
      5 cmH2O (as occurs near the apex of the upright human lung), there were about
      5,000 red cells and 4,000 white cells per mm-2 of alveolar wall. As perfusing
      pressure was increased, the number of leukocytes paradoxically decreased in zone
      3 but remained constant in zone 2. Most of the white cells were mononuclear
      cells. These results suggest that the lung behaves as a mechanical sieve for
      large cells and that the number of trapped cells depends on the capillary
      pressure.

PMID- 1089103
TI  - Expiratory reserve volume and vital capacity of the lungs during immersion in
      water.
AB  - The effects of immersion by 5-cm increments on the expiratory reserve volume of
      the lungs (ERV) and on the vital capacity were studied in the sitting and supine
      positions. These effects were compared to those produced by continuous negative
      pressure breathing when the subjects were in air and were counteracted by
      positive pressure breathing during immersion. The depth of immersion was also
      related to definable anatomic landmarks. In the sitting position about one-fourth
      of the decrease in the ERV was accounted for by the hydrostatic pressure of the
      water on the abdomen and the remainder by the pressure on the thorax. Immersion
      to the level of the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra was
      equivalent to 28 cmH2o continuous negative pressure breathing in air. In the
      supine position, a comparable value was 8 cmH2o. These observations agree well
      with those of others if differences in the levels of immersion are accounted for.

PMID- 1089104
TI  - Commentary presented by Committee on Dental Materials and Devices. Alginate
      impression materials.

PMID- 1089105
TI  - The pulse, digitalis, diuretics and William Withering.

PMID- 1089106
TI  - Letter: Letters from our readers.

PMID- 1089107
TI  - The case for preventive periodontics.

PMID- 1089108
TI  - Classification of occlusion.

PMID- 1089109
TI  - A direct technique for the placement of a stainless steel crown-and-loop space
      maintainer.

PMID- 1089110
TI  - Partially avulsed teeth: report of a case.

PMID- 1089111
TI  - Premature exfoliation of mandibular primary central incisors: report of a case.

PMID- 1089112
TI  - Werdnig-Hoffman's disease--infantile progressive muscular atrophy report of case.

PMID- 1089113
TI  - Editorial: Up the auxilliary.

PMID- 1089114
TI  - Effect of temperature and humidity on the adhesive strength of orthodontic direct
      bonding materials.
AB  - The effects of temperature and humidity on the adhesive strength of two direct
      bonding orthodontic materials were investigated. Tensile testing showed that the
      adhesive bond was much stronger than the polycarbonate brackets. There is a
      significant increase in tensile and shearlike strength after 15-, 22-, and 30-day
      incubation at 37 C and 100% humidity, as compared with initial strength (after 30
      minutes) at room temperature.

PMID- 1089115
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of cavity margins finished with ultra-speed
      instruments.
AB  - The quality of the margins of the box portions of Class II cavities finished with
      rotating instruments at ultraspeed was assessed. In a closed row of teeth, an
      adequate finish was obtained at the embrasure margin where the burs rotated
      toward the tooth surface and into the cavity. The finish of the opposite
      embrasure margin and of the gingival margin was imperfect, regardless of the
      instrument used.

PMID- 1089116
TI  - Radioautographic evaluation of changes induced in the rat incisor by high-speed
      cavity preparation.
AB  - Rat incisors were evaluated radioautographically for metabolic changes induced by
      high-speed cavity preparation. Label uptake was reduced substantially in those
      odontoblasts whose processes had been cut; labeling also was diminished in all
      other areas of the pulp, especially in that area immediately adjacent to the
      cavity preparation.

PMID- 1089117
TI  - A small skirmish in the battle of the sexes: T. B. Welch and women in dentistry.

PMID- 1089118
TI  - Rediscovery of a letter written by George Washington to his dentist John
      Greenwood.

PMID- 1089119
TI  - The incisal edge repair bonanza.

PMID- 1089120
TI  - Ameloblastoma: review of the literature and report of case.

PMID- 1089121
TI  - Revised American Dental Association specification no. 4 for dental inlay casting
      wax.

PMID- 1089122
TI  - Revised American Dental Association specification no. 12 for denture base
      polymers.

PMID- 1089123
TI  - "The great athlete" (C. R. Stark).

PMID- 1089124
TI  - 1944: The temporal lesion.

PMID- 1089125
TI  - Persistent individual differences in the bacterial flora of the skin of the
      forehead: numbers of propionibacteria.
AB  - The bacterial flora of the central area of the forehead of 48 adults was examined
      by a standardized swabbing procedure to determine the extent of individual
      variation. Propionibacteria were the most abundant organisms on most subjects.
      Their numbers per cm-2 of skin ranged from fewer than 6 to 1,100,000. Seventeen
      subjects had more than 100,000 and 16 subjects yielded fewer than 10,000. Six had
      fewer than 1,000. Differences with respect to sex and age were not statistically
      significant. Coagulase-negative cocci numbered from 25 to 75,000 per cm-2. There
      was no statistically significant correlation between numbers of propionibacteria
      and numbers of cocci. In order to distinguish trivial or transient individual
      differences from those of a more fundamental nature, 16 subjects were examined
      four times at intervals of several months with a total elapsed time of from 329
      days to 523 dyas and a median of 385 days. Eight subjects were representative of
      the upper third and 8 the lower third of the population with respect to numbers
      of propionibacteria in the initial survey. Geometric mean values for
      propionibacteria per cm-2 of skin in the measurements of subjects with a rich
      population ranged from 152,686 to 280,867. Corresponding figures for the subjects
      with a sparse population were 1,215 to 3,639. Comparing geometric means by the t
      test yielded p values of less than .001 in the second and fourth measurements and
      less than .01 in the third. It is concluded that a rich or a sparse population of
      propionibacteria is a stable individual characteristic of the skin of the
      forehead.

PMID- 1089126
TI  - Serum complement and immunity in experimental simian malaria. I. Cyclical
      alterations in C4 related to schizont rupture.
AB  - Previous studies indicated that the level of whole serum complement (C') falls
      during malaria, and that the fall in C' is linked to schizont rupture and the
      appearance of humoral antibody. For a more detailed study of the role of C' in
      malaria, levels of C4 were monitored in rhesus monkeys infected with Plasmodium
      coatneyi. After one to two weeks of infection, significant and abrupt declines in
      C4 levels occurred, and these were temporally related to the process of schizont
      rupture. The level of C4 began to fall within a few hours after the onset of
      schizont rupture and fell to values as low as 2% of prerupture levels. Over the
      next 24-36 hr, C4 returned to normal levels, and fell again during the next cycle
      of schizont rupture. In general, the decline in C4 levels was positively
      correlated with the onset of immune response (functional and serologic) and
      degree of parasitemia. This marked cyclincal depletion of C4 indicates tremendous
      turnover of C' in primates with malaria.

PMID- 1089127
TI  - Mouth lesions in iron-deficient anemia: relationship to Candida albicans in
      saliva and to impairment of lymphocyte transformation.
AB  - The atrophic glossitis and angular chilosis in patients with iron-deficient
      anemia are associated with infection of the mouth by Candida albicans. Saliva
      from these patients contained more Candida and supported the growth of Candida
      better than did saliva from a control group. The possibility that growth of
      Candida may be due to impaired lymphocyte function was investigated by measuring
      transformation of lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin. Transformation
      was depressed in iron-deficient subjects and returned to normal after correction
      of their iron status. The lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood was also
      depressed and corrected by additional iron. Impaired lymphocyte function did not
      explain the mouth lesions and growth of Candida in saliva since lymphocyte
      transformation was equally depressed in patients with and without mouth lesions.
      A local factor, such as an effect of lack of iron on the resident vacterial flora
      of the mouth, may be important.

PMID- 1089128
TI  - The relation of K-antigen to virulence of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The content of K-antigen was determined for 100 strains of Escherichia coli
      isolated from the blood of patients with bacteremia. 30 strains isolated from
      urine cultures, and 30 strains isolated from the feces of patients recently
      admitted to the hospital. The K-antigen content of urinary isolates of E. coli
      was significantly greater than that of strains isolated from feces, as noted by
      other workers. In contrast, the amount of K-antigen of blood culture isolates was
      not significantly greater than that of fecal isolates and was significantly lower
      than that of urinary E. coli isolates. No correlation could be detected between
      the K-antigen content of blood culture isolates and the severity and outcome of
      the bacteremia.

PMID- 1089129
TI  - Demonstration during life of rabies antigen in humans.
AB  - In three cases of human rabies, in which the diagnosis was proved postmortem,
      rabies antigen was detected by direct immunofluorescence of frozen sections of
      facial skin. The antigen was thought to be in nerve fibers in association with
      hair follicles. Development of this technique might enable the establishment of a
      method for the diagnosis of human rabies during life.

PMID- 1089130
TI  - Is hemoglobin-oxygen affinity relevant?

PMID- 1089131
TI  - Quantative analysis of the vectorcardiogram in obesity. The effects of weight
      reduction.
AB  - Vectorcardiograms (VCG) recorded in 37 subjects with marked chronic EXOGENOUS
      OBESITY (AVERAGE WEIGHT: 285 LBS.) WERE COMPARED before and after a significant
      weight reduction (average weight loss: 86 lbs). They were also compared with the
      VCGs of 293 age and sex matched controls with normal body weight. The SVEC III
      corrected orthogonal lead system was used, and out of several hundred
      vectorcardiographic measurements obtained by computer processing, 59 measurements
      representing various scalar, planar and spatial voltage and angular measurements
      were selected for study and comparisons. No significant differences were found
      between the measurements of obese subjects and those of the controls. Of 59 VCG
      measurements, 13 showed significant differences after weight reduction (paired t
      test) although they remained within the range of normal controls. There was a
      trend toward decrease of P and QRS amplitudes after weight reduction. There were
      no significant changes in the angular measurements. Although they are
      statistically significant these changes in voltage are too small to be detected
      in clinical vectorcardiography. The possible decrease of a preexisting myocardial
      hypertrophy superimposed onto the changes in the anatomy of the thorax might
      explain the effects of weight reduction. In general the reproducibility of VCG
      measurements obtained by the SVEC III system was greater than that reported in
      day-to-day operation with the Frank system in normal subjects.

PMID- 1089132
TI  - ECG data acquisition. A discussion.

PMID- 1089133
TI  - Junctional reciprocating tachycardias. The permanent and paroxysmal forms of A-V
      nodal reciprocating tachycardias.
AB  - Stimulation technics have demonstrated a reciprocating mechanism in many
      supraventricular tachycardias previously classified from a purely morphologic
      point of view. Three conditions are required for the creation of a circus
      movement: a potential circuit pathway, undirectional block in this curcuit, and
      slowed conduction. While all three conditions are readily apparent in
      reciprocating tachycardias of the WPW syndrome, two or even all of these factors
      may be concealed in the others forms. Paroxysmal reciprocating tachycardias are
      characterized by prolongation of the P-R interval in the beat immediately
      preceding the tachycardia, and are generally accepted as being related to
      longitudinal dissociation of the A-V node, though the possibility of
      unidirectional (anterograde) block of an extra-nodal accessory pathway should be
      appreciated. Permanent reciprocating tachycardias start after a normal P-R
      interval when the sinus cycle reaches a critical value. Both paroxysmal and
      permanent forms of reciprocating tachycardia must be differentiated from
      tachycardias located in the atria: one of the most reliable features of
      reciprocating tachycardia is the existence of a 1:1 A-V relationship which cannot
      be altered without interrupting the tachycardia. Study of capture phenomena
      during the tachycardia, and the modes of termination not only permit the
      demonstration of the reentry mechanism but may also determine more precisely the
      actual location of the circus movement.

PMID- 1089134
TI  - Albert Schweitzer remembered.

PMID- 1089135
TI  - Changes of acetylcholinesterase activity in some parts of the limbic system
      following septal lesions in rats.

PMID- 1089136
TI  - Somatotopic representation of hindlimb skin in cat dorsal horn.
AB  - Single-unit exploration of the dorsal horn of segments L4-S2 of unanesthetized
      cats with the neuraxis transected at lower thoracic levels reveals a somototopic
      organization in the horizontal plane. The dorsal horn dermatomes correspond
      closely to the dermatomes of the corresponding dorsal roots, and the ML gradient
      is equally well described by two different projection schemes: a distoproximal
      gradient and a ventrodorsal one (5, 33). There is no evidence of segmental
      discontinuity of the map. As is the case in other nuclear regions of the CNS, the
      relative area devoted to projections from the foot is disproportionately large
      relative to the area devoted to skin regions of similar size which are located
      more proximally on the limb. From our data, and from the close correspondence to
      anatomical data obtained by others, we suggest that at least some cutaneous
      afferent fibers from a given skin area project directly to any dorsal horn region
      where that skin area is represented. This assumption, together with the
      organization of the dorsal horn map, yields a model which predicts a precise
      somatotopic organization of presynaptic neuropil in the substantia gelatinosa.

PMID- 1089137
TI  - Follow-up comparison of hydrocephalus with and without myelomeningocele.
AB  - A series of 454 hydrocephalic patients with and without myelomeningocele and with
      and without treatment is reviewed. The survival rates for hydrocephalus alone and
      for hydrocephalus with myelodysplasia are comparable. The authors reach the
      conclusion that treatment of the hycrocephalic process and its complications is
      the most critical therapeutic consideration. Mental retardation is the major
      unalterable cause for failure to develop independence; some lesser emotional
      causes can be modified by encouragement. Repeated reassessment of the patient's
      condition and adjustment are important. Before treatment is started parents or
      guardians should be fully informed of the child's future potential for
      independent life and mental development.

PMID- 1089138
TI  - Retrieval of detached shunt catheter from the heart. Case report.

PMID- 1089139
TI  - A comparison of 111In with 52Fe and 99mTc-sulfur colloid for bone marrow
      scanning.
AB  - Under most circumstances 52Fe, 111In, and colloid show a similar distribution of
      marrow. The lesser uptake of 111In by liver and spleen may occasionally be of
      value in permitting visualization of that portion of the spinal marrow obscured
      by these organs in the colloid scan. However, in red cell aplasia, when there is
      dissociation between phagocytic and erythropoietic functions, scanning with 111In
      gives no information about erythropoietic tissue distribution. Therefore, indium
      cannot be used as an analog for iron in the study of the hematopoietic system.

PMID- 1089140
TI  - The medical ethics of bone marrow transplantation in childhood.
AB  - Bone marrow transplantation has been utilized for the treatment of severe
      aplastic anemia in a program at The Children's Hospital Medical Center. A
      protocol has been developed to help ensure that the interests and rightful claims
      of all involved parties will be taken into account. Three cases are presented. In
      one case all involved parties concurred with the plan for bone marrow
      transplantation. In a second case the prospective donor was deemed mentally
      incompetent to give truly informed consent for the procedure. In a third case the
      parents were unwilling to have their child undergo transplantation. The ethical
      issues raised in these cases suggest the need for further development of a moral
      technology to enhance decision-making competence and to aid in the recognition
      and application of the rights of children without impeding the advancement of
      pediatric medicine.

PMID- 1089141
TI  - Editorial comment: The reference standard.

PMID- 1089143
TI  - Residencies and fellowships. In pediatric subspecialties and general academic
      pediatric training.

PMID- 1089142
TI  - Mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis: changes in glomerular morphology with long
      term alternate-day prednisone therapy.
AB  - In all of eight patients with mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis who received
      prednisone in an alternate-day schedule for 3 to 9 hr, the glomerule showed a
      marked reduction in mesangial cellularity and complete regression of mesangial
      interposition. Subendothelial deposits disappeared but intramembranous dense
      deposits, when present previously, persisted. Repair was incomplete in that a few
      mesangial deposits were still present, immunoflourescence was unchanged, and
      several of the patients developed focal mesangial scarring and increased numbers
      of global bodies. Functional glomerule and glomerular tuft segments, however,
      showed greatly improved morphology. There was no evidence of deterioration of
      renal function over a follow-up period of 5 to 11.5 yr.

PMID- 1089144
TI  - Clinical observations following root amputation in maxillary molar teeth.
AB  - Thirty-four maxillary molar teeth were evaluated from 11 to 84 months after root
      amputation. The most consistent finding was that although 24 were neither
      splinted nor supported in any way, only three developed mobility. Two of these
      were used as abutments for partial dentures. One other tooth was extracted due to
      recurrent lateral abscesses and subsequent involvement of the mesial furca.

PMID- 1089145
TI  - Development of dental plaque on epoxy resin crowns in man. A light and electron
      microscopic study.
AB  - A method was presented to fabricate epoxy resin crowns to be worn by human
      subjects requiring full crown restorations. These crowns were utilized in six
      young adults to study the internal structure of plaque after plaque formation
      periods of 1 and 3 days, 1 and 3 weeks and 2 months. This study confirmed
      previous findings that early plaque contains primarily coccal forms, with a shift
      to predominantly filamentous forms by 3 weeks. Early plaque growth seems to occur
      by the formation of columnar microcolonies which coalesce and grow by cell
      division within the colony in a direction perpendicular to the crown surface.
      Filamentous microorganisms appear in large numbers by 1 week. They appear to
      colonize the surface of the predominantly coccal plaque, eventually growing into
      it and replacing the coccal forms. The subgingival, mature plaque contains many
      motile forms including bacteria with unusual cell wall ultrastructures. Certain
      bacteria combine into distinctive bacterial aggregations resembling "corn cobs"
      and "test tube brushes," the latter occurring exclusively in subgingival plaque.
      Spirochetes appear to grow preferentially on the external surface of subgingival
      plaque in close contact to the gingival tissue of the deepened sulcus. Their high
      concentration in the external layer of subgingival plaque suggests that because
      of their strategic location they may play an important role in the etiology of
      periodontal disease. Studies of well preserved plaque, possibly combined with the
      use of serological markers, can serve a useful role in identifying certain
      microorganisms in dental plaque. Because of their numbers and/or location in
      relation to periodontal tissues, some of these bacteria may warrant further
      studies as potential etiologic agents of certain forms of periodontal disease.

PMID- 1089146
TI  - Matthew Henry Garvin, D.D.S., M.I.C.D., LL.D. 1879-1974.

PMID- 1089147
TI  - Decalcified, lyophilized bone allografts for use in human periodontal defects.

PMID- 1089148
TI  - The student university of Padua.

PMID- 1089149
TI  - A review of inguinal hernia repair using stainless steel mesh.

PMID- 1089150
TI  - A reminiscence of Osler.

PMID- 1089151
TI  - Electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus and LH release in the vole, Microtus
      agrestis.

PMID- 1089152
TI  - Studies on the mode of action of sodium pentobarbital in blocking ovulation in
      rats.

PMID- 1089153
TI  - Mating, ovulation and corpus luteum function in the vole, Microtus agrestis.
AB  - A study of the relationship between the mating vehaviour of the vole and the
      induction of ovulation and CL function is described. A single intromission or an
      injection of LH-RF constitute stimuli which induce ovulation, but normally give
      rise to CL that degenerate soon after formation. More prolonged mating, or
      mechanical stimulation of the vagina and cervix given after a separate ovulatory
      stimulus, result in the maintenance of the CL. Mechanical genital stimulation is
      effective in inducing CL MAINTENANCE WHEN GIVEN UP TO 48 HR AFTER AN LH-RF
      injection. Similarities, therefore, are apparent between the vole, an induced
      oculator, and spontaneous ovulator, and spontaneous ovulators such as the rat,
      mouse and hamster.

PMID- 1089154
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the luminal epithelium of the mouse uterus.
AB  - Four methods of manipulating mouse uterine tissue during fixation, preparatory to
      examination of the luminal epithelium by scanning electron microscopy (S.E.M.),
      are described and the results assessed. The appearance of the epithelium varies
      according to the technique used, the choice of method depending on the type of
      information required from the S.E.M. study. Surface topography is preserved in a
      condition most closely resembling that of fresh tissue by opening the uterus and
      fixing the tissue flat. Critical examination of cellular and subcellular surface
      detail, however, depends on adequate spreading of the epithelial layer during
      fixation by distension of the uterine lumen under positive pressure. The method
      of tissue manipulation has a more profound effect on the appearance of the sample
      than any of the dehydration techniques which follow. For routine S.E.M.
      examinations at medium magnifications (smaller than X10,000), specimens which
      were air dried from alcohol, acetone or ether, or freeze dried, gave satisfactory
      results. Air drying from amyl acetate, and CO2 critical-point drying gave
      superior results at higher magnifications (greater than X10,000) with better
      preservation of individual microvilli.

PMID- 1089155
TI  - Neuroendocrine mechanisms responsible for gonadotropin release.
AB  - Regulation of the ovulatory cycle involves the interdependence of the
      adenohypophysis, the ovaries, the CNS, and the external environment. Several
      distinctions in brain functions and the overlapping control of several neuro
      endocrine systems are pointed out. Important neuro-anatomical relationships
      between basomedial hypothalamus and other brain regions are noted. The anatomical
      structure is correlated with the control of gonadotropin secretion. Reflexive
      ovulation is considered as a special instance of external environmental
      influence. Data suggests that both lower mammals and human primates may show
      reflexive as well as spontaneous ovulation.

PMID- 1089156
TI  - Cesarean section in the massively obese.
AB  - A series of 24 abdominal sections were performed on patients weighing 114 Kg or
      over. A detailed analysis of the indications, vital statistics, and medical,
      surgical, and post operative complications were made. There were no serious
      complications. The authors conclude that reluctance to perform abdominal section
      because of obesity is not warranted.

PMID- 1089158
TI  - Field trials of a gonococcal vaccine.
AB  - Several small, well controlled field trials with a gonococcus vaccine have been
      initiated. The results to date indicate that the vaccine elicits only mild
      reactions in humans, and that it will produce antibodies of possible significance
      in over 90 per cent of vaccines. Its value in preventing gonorrhea has yet to be
      established. Studies towards this end are now being considered.

PMID- 1089157
TI  - The immature HPO axis.
AB  - One cause or anovulation may be an immature hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis.
      The fact that initial menstrual cycles are usually irregular and often
      anovulatory implies that a maturation process is taking place in the HPO axis and
      that cyclic ovulatory menstruation begins only when adequate maturation occurs.
      Moreover, the external appearance of the ovary of a severely oligomenorrheic or
      amenorrheic female frequently is similar to that of a prepubertal female--this
      is, the ovary appears normal in size of slightly smaller, has a smooth,
      glistening surface without convolutions, and its capsule-like outer surface
      reveals few, if any, underlying follicles. A reasonable assumption is that there
      is inadequate gonadotropin stimulation of these ovaries possibly as a result of
      an immature HPO axis. The studies by radioimmunoassay of FSH and LH levels in
      prepubertal and pubertal  females offer no statistical data by which to measure
      the maturity of the HPO axis, although consistently low FSH and LH levels may
      prove meaningful. Studies of FSH and LH in patients exhibiting gonadal dysgenesis
      neither support or disprove the immature HPO axis theory, but studies of
      idiopathic sexual precocity tend to support it. Studies using LH-RF in
      prepubertal and pubertal females indicate a pattern of response which may give
      useful information in the area.

PMID- 1089159
TI  - Hallucinogenic mushrooms in Mississippi.

PMID- 1089160
TI  - Release of sediment-bound fecal coliforms by dredging.
AB  - Fecal coliform concentrations increased significantly (F test) in the immediate
      vicinity of a maintenance dredging operation in the Mississippi River navigation
      channel. Increased counts were attributed to the disturbance and relocation of
      bottom sediments by dredging and a concomitant release of sediment-bound fecal
      coliforms.

PMID- 1089161
TI  - Medium-scale production of citrinin by Penicillium citrinum in a semisynthetic
      medium.
AB  - A convenient method is described for the production of up to 1.75 g of citrinin
      per liter by Penicillium citrinum growing in stationary culture in a 5-gallon
      (18.925 liters) carboy containing 4 liters of 4% sucrose and 2% yeast extract
      medium.

PMID- 1089162
TI  - Evaluation of a medium for the rapid recovery of Escherichia coli from shellfish.
AB  - A medium (A-1) which shortens the time necessary to identify and enumerate
      Escherichia coli found in estuarine water was evaluated for use for recovery of
      E. coli found in shellfish. Productivity of E. coli by this medium was comparable
      to that of the lengthier American Public Health Association method, and the
      occurrence of false positives was substantially reduced.

PMID- 1089163
TI  - Irradiation of Escherichia coli in the visible spectrum with a tunable organic
      dye laser energy source.
AB  - Pulsed laser energy was shown to be effective in inhibiting the growth of
      Escherichia coli. The irradiation source was derived from a tunable organic-dye
      laser utilizing rhodamine 6G (590 plus or minus 5 nm) solutions as lasing media.
      The organisms, suspended in nutrient broth, were irradiated both with and without
      an exogenous photosensitizer. One photosensitizer (toluidine blue) did not
      appreciably alter the inhibitory effect observed. In the presence of acridine
      orange, however, some additional growth occurred.

PMID- 1089164
TI  - Letter: Dilemmas and solutions.

PMID- 1089165
TI  - Editorial: Criteria for classification of systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1089166
TI  - Jan Baptista van Helmont.

PMID- 1089167
TI  - Evaluation of a muscle relaxant: dantrolene sodium (Dantrium).
AB  - Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is a skeletal muscle relaxant, unique in that it
      acts on the muscle itself. It should be considered for use in patients with
      skeletal muscle spasticity who are in a stable neurological state. After careful
      adjustment of the dose, a substantial number of such patients will experience one
      or more of the following benefits: (1) a reduction in pain, (2) an increased
      ability to make use of residual motor function, (3) a reduction in the level of
      nursing care required, (4) an increased ability to utilize devices, and (5) an
      increased ability to participate in rehabilitation. The drug should not be used
      when reduced spasticity will decrease functional ability. The adverse effects
      generally are transient; some are the result of central nervous system
      depression.

PMID- 1089168
TI  - [Scientific activity of V.N. Shamov in Ukraine and development of Soviet
      transplantology].

PMID- 1089169
TI  - [Clinico-morphological parallels in thrombotic lesions of the veins of the ilio
      femoral segment and their sequelae].

PMID- 1089171
TI  - [Serological tests in ocular toxoplasmosis in children].

PMID- 1089170
TI  - [Ligation of the hepatic artery in the treatment of liver tumors (review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 1089172
TI  - [Biography of Prof. Boleslaw Wicherkiewicz].

PMID- 1089173
TI  - Complexities of smoking education.
AB  - Cigarette smoking is a many-headed Hydra, which grows new smokers' heads as fast
      as they are lopped off. Efforts to change smokers' behavior usually reach a 
      point of diminishing returns, as evidenced by experiences in smoking withdrawal
      clinics and in public anti-smoking education campaigns. Obviously, many smokers
      are refactory to anti-smoking education, a situation which has generated a great
      deal of pharmacological, neurochemical, psychological, and sociological research.
      The National Clearinghouse for Smoking and Health in the U.S.A. has used a
      "gradualist" or permissive approach in anti-smoking messages, aimed at less
      hazardous smoking "if you must smoke," rather than at complete cessation, and
      found this approach to be useful. U.S.A. school-children are exposed to anti
      smoking education in lower grades than formerly, when it was offered in high
      school. Thus a population of as yet non-smoking children is being educated.
      Perhaps the adult non-smokers should be enlisted in an effort to create a social
      climate wherein smoking is not an acceptable behavior-an approach reflecting the
      concept of smoking as a social disease. Health education addressed to the
      receptive non-smoker would circumvent the refractory smoker. A theme with appeal
      to non-smokers is the protest against environmental pollution by smokers. It is
      possible that if a movement by non-smokers against smoking would gather momentum,
      it could turn the present accepting social climate into one rejecting smoking,
      thus striking at the regeneration of the Hydra: the incessant recruitment of
      smokers among ex-smokers and non-smokers. With recruitment below replacement
      level, the Hydra would in time wither away.

PMID- 1089174
TI  - Continuous sutures in replacement of mitral and tricuspid valves with prostheses.
AB  - Four years' experience with 363 patients, in whom 360 mitral and 65 tricuspid
      prosthetic valves have been implanted with single continuous sutures, is
      presented. The occurrence of prosthetic valve detachment is particularly
      discussed. There were 4 cases of detachment of the prosthetic mitral valve and no
      cases of tricupsid dehiscence. All 4 patients with detached valves required
      reoperation. Calcifications that penetrate into the annulus and myxomatous
      degeneration of the valve are considered more important factors in the production
      of prosthetic cases so long as a uniform distribution of stitches is maintained
      (not too close to each other) and excessive tension in the suture line is
      avoided.

PMID- 1089175
TI  - Surgical considerations in patients undergoing repeat median sternotomy.
AB  - A retrospective review of 122 repeat median sternotomy incisions in 100
      consecutive patients was made to evaluate complications and management. Eighty
      one patients had one repeat sternotomy, )6 had two repeat sternotomies, and 3 had
      three repeat sternotomies. All had valve procedures in the past and were
      reoperated upon for progressive rheumatic valvular disease or for complications
      related to the prostheses. Complications included operative hemorrhage in 8
      patients, postoperative hemorrhage in 2, seroma in 4, and dehiscence, wound
      infection, and hematoma in 1 patient each. The most serious complication was
      hemorrhage and was the cause of the only operative death. Seven other patients
      survived hemorrhage encountered during repeat sternotomy. Control of massive
      hemorrhage during repeat sternotomy has been possible due to an organized
      approach to the patient with adhesions from previous surgery.

PMID- 1089176
TI  - Selective sputum cultures. A bronchial culture technique using a modified
      nasotracheal suction catheter with a sterile, inner telescoping cannula.
AB  - The contamination of expectorated or catheter-aspirated sputum specimens by
      pathogenic microorganisms which have colonized the nose and oropharynx remains a
      formidable obstacle to the accurate interpretation of sputum cultures. This
      problem is encountered in all forms of acute and chronic bronchopulmonary
      infection. A standard suctioning technique via a nasotracheal catheter has been
      modified with a telescoping sterile inner cannula to obtain uncontaminated
      bronchopulmonary secretions for culture. Bacteriologic results of selective
      bronchial cultures obtained in 18 patients following major chest surgery have
      provided important considerations concerning the prophylactic use of antibiotics.
      The telescoping cannula method is a simple, safe, and practical means of
      selectively monitoring the bacteriologic flora of the lower respiratory tract.

PMID- 1089177
TI  - In memoriam: William E. Adams (1902-1973). Adherence to sound principles.

PMID- 1089178
TI  - The Samson Thoracic Surgical Society.

PMID- 1089179
TI  - "Closing volume", one man's noise--other men's experiment.

PMID- 1089180
TI  - Guido Banti's hypothesis and its impact on the understanding and treatment of
      portal hypertension.

PMID- 1089181
TI  - A doctor against Hitler.

PMID- 1089182
TI  - Sociobehavioral determinants of compliance with health and medical care
      recommendations.
AB  - Over the past two decades, hundreds of articles, editorials, and commentaries
      have been published describing the considerable disruptive effects on quality of
      care of individuals noncompliance with health and medical advice. While much
      research has been directed at determining factors responsible for poor
      compliance, past studies have tended to focus upon easily measured
      characteristics of the patients, regimen, or illness which, unfortunately, are
      usually neither predictive nor alterable. This paper systematically reviews the
      literature on patient acceptance of recommended health behaviors, attempting to
      find social-psychological and related variables which have proven to be
      consistent predictors of compliance. The review suggests that certain health
      beliefs (especailly personal estimates of vulnerability to, and seriousness of,
      the disease, and faith in the efficacy of care), health-related motivations,
      perceptions of psychological and other costs of the recommended action, various
      aspects of the doctor-patient relationship, and social influence are the most
      productive dimensions for present intervention and further exploration. Building
      upon an earlier formulation, an hypothesized model is presented which combines
      these elements for explaining and predicting compliance behavior. Further
      research should, with standardized questionnaires and analysis techniques, employ
      prospective, experimental designs for a variety of population groups, settings,
      and regimens, to evaluate the ability of practical attempts to modify the model
      variables and thus enhance compliance.

PMID- 1089183
TI  - Photoreactivation in animal cells.

PMID- 1089184
TI  - A time to die.

PMID- 1089185
TI  - Mechanisms of transport across the placenta: an in vitro approach.

PMID- 1089186
TI  - What does individual housing mean to a mouse?

PMID- 1089187
TI  - Recent trends in membrane transport research.

PMID- 1089188
TI  - [Early diagnosis and prevention of Diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1089189
TI  - Metabolic factors in the control of energy stores.
AB  - We have examined some of the factors involved in the control of food intake and
      integrated the data using methods of systems analysis from biomedical
      engineering. The central hypothesis is that energy stored in the body is a
      regulated variable. Alterations in the quantity of stored calories initiates
      changes designed to restore the store of calories to its original level. These
      responses are both short-term and long-term in nature. They involve integrating
      data on the quantities of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid stores in the body,
      probably through such feedback signals as amino acids, glucose, glycerol, and
      free fatty acids.

PMID- 1089190
TI  - Say it right!

PMID- 1089191
TI  - Effects of corticosteroid therapy on human monocyte function.
AB  - Since high-dose corticosteroid therapy appears to impair cellular defense
      mechanisms, this study examined its effect on human monocyte function. Fifteen
      normal volunteers were studied before and after a three-day course of prednisone
      therapy (50 mg every 12 hours for six doses). A transient period of monocytopenia
      occurred during the first few hours of therapy. Monocyte killing of
      Staphylococcus aureus was reduced in nine subjects from 5.6 plus or minus 0.2
      (plus or minus S.E.) X 10-6 organisms before to 1.3 plus or minus 0.4 x 10-6
      organisms at completion of therapy (p less than 0.01). Similary, killing of
      Candida tropicalis four subjects fell from 9.3 plus or minus 0.6 to 0.6 plus or
      minus 0.3 x 10-6 organisma (p less than 0.01). Bactericidal activity returned to
      normal levels 48 hours after the last dose of prednisone. These same monocyte
      preparations had normal or increased chemotactic response, phagocytic rate of
      cryptococci, hexosemonophosphate-shunt response to phagocytosis and
      ultrastructural characteristics. This impairment of bactericidal and fungicidal
      activity during prednisone therapy may contribute to the infectious complications
      seen in patients receiving comparable doses of corticosteroids.

PMID- 1089192
TI  - Restoration of normal pituitary gonadotropin reserve by administration of
      luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone in patients with hypogonadotropic
      hypogonadism.
AB  - To elucidate whether diminished pituitary gonadotropin reserve can be restored by
      repeated stimulation with luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone, plasma
      luteinizing hormone and follicly-stimulating hormone responses were studied
      before and after daily intravenous infusion of 400 mug of luteinizing-hormone
      releasing hormone for two to 23 days, in patients with hypogonadotropic
      hypogonadism of various causes. In five of nine patients with isolated
      gonadotropin deficiency, the impaired plasma luteinizing hormone response was
      restored to normal after treatment for seven days or more, whereas it was
      unchanged in four patients treated for less than five days. However, six patients
      with anorexia nervosa regained normal responses after three to five days'
      treatment. Five of nine patients with organic hypothalamopituitary lesions also
      showed normal responsiveness after five to seven days' treatment. These results
      suggest that the response to the test after repeated administration of
      luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone is of value for the diagnosis of
      hypogonadism of hypothalamic origin.

PMID- 1089193
TI  - Psychiatry: the battered child of medicine.
AB  - Psychiatry has had a troubled history. After the French Revolution "moral
      treatment" brought to America a period of effective and humane hospital
      treatment, but this progress was corrupted by the Industrial Revolution, and
      psychiatry was rejected by society as well as by medicine. Although the Freudian
      enlightenment and the introduction of social psychiatry have led to greater
      acceptance, today's criticisms are strident. Psychiatry is criticized for
      imprecise diagnosis, conceptual vagaries, jargon, therapeutic impotence and class
      bias. The American system of mental-health care is seen by many as a disaster.
      The federal comprehensive Community Mental Health Act has been aborted at an
      early stage. Skills involved in the practice of psychotherapy are not unique to
      the profession. Social ills, over which psychiatry has little control, play a
      large part in causing mental disability and retardation. Nevertheless, though
      embattled, psychiatry has contributed to medical practice and to the humane
      consciousness of society.

PMID- 1089194
TI  - Drug therapy. Sodium nitroprusside.

PMID- 1089195
TI  - Doctors afield. The fundamentalist and the iconoclast: H.A. Kelly and H.L.
      Mencken.

PMID- 1089196
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 6-1975.

PMID- 1089197
TI  - Editorial: Practical method to regulate PEEP.

PMID- 1089198
TI  - Letter: Z-plasty.

PMID- 1089199
TI  - Polymyositis and dermatomyositis (second of two parts).

PMID- 1089200
TI  - Size and DNA content of purfied E. coli nucleoids observed by fluorencence
      microscopy.

PMID- 1089201
TI  - Recovery of haemolytic plaque-forming cells after freeze drying.

PMID- 1089202
TI  - Evidence against interconversion of microtubules and filaments.

PMID- 1089203
TI  - Template activity of fl RFI cleaved with endonucleases R-Hind, R EcoP1 or R EcoB.

PMID- 1089204
TI  - Factor which affects the mode of genetic recombination in E. Coli.

PMID- 1089205
TI  - Chromosome imprinting and the mammalian X chromosome.

PMID- 1089206
TI  - A cis-dominant regulatory mutation affecting enzyme induction in the eukaryote
      Aspergillus nidulans.

PMID- 1089208
TI  - Unclocklike behaviour of biological clocks.

PMID- 1089207
TI  - Role of premeiotic replication in gene conversion.

PMID- 1089209
TI  - Recent advances in electrical recording from the human brain.

PMID- 1089210
TI  - The nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site on bacteriophage fd
      DNA.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of the RNA polymerase binding site at a promotor on fd RF
      DNA has been determined in comparison with the starting sequence of RNA initiated
      at this promoter. The RNA polymerase binding site contained the startpoint of
      transcription in the centre and a region with twofold symmetry in the non
      transcribed part.

PMID- 1089211
TI  - Detoxifying effect of yellow substance on E. coli in media containing copper.

PMID- 1089212
TI  - The correlation of serum ferritin and body iron stores.

PMID- 1089213
TI  - Nutrition classics from The Journal of Physiology 35:88-102, 1906-1907. The
      importance of individual amino-acids in metabolism. Observations on the effect of
      adding tryptophane to a dietary in which zein is the sole nitrogenous
      constituent. By Edith G. Willcock, (fellow of newnham college, Cambridge), and F.
      Gowland Hopkins.

PMID- 1089214
TI  - Nitrosamines and cancer.

PMID- 1089215
TI  - Central nervous system changes in deficiency of vitamin B6 and other B-complex
      vitamins.

PMID- 1089216
TI  - Competition between phlorizin and gold thioglucose for glucoreceptor cell
      transport mechanisms in the hypothalamus.

PMID- 1089217
TI  - Vitamin K and the carboxylation of glutamyl residues in the formation of
      prothrombin.

PMID- 1089218
TI  - Growth of the human brain: some further insights.

PMID- 1089219
TI  - Infant body composition by skinfold measurements.

PMID- 1089220
TI  - Burn care without isolation.

PMID- 1089221
TI  - Hippocrates and Asklepois; rise and fall of ancient scientific neurology.

PMID- 1089222
TI  - George Washington's health; in peace and war.

PMID- 1089223
TI  - Use of drugs in elderly patient.

PMID- 1089224
TI  - Ovarian dermoids and their complications. Comprehensive historical review.

PMID- 1089225
TI  - Prospective bacteriologic study of women undergoing hysterectomy.
AB  - A prospective bacteriologic study on 67 women undergoing either vaginal or
      abdominal hysterectomy was done to elucidate causes of debrile morbidity. Forty
      one percent of the vaginal and 35% of the abdominal hysterectomy patients met the
      criteria for febrile morbidity postoperatively. Preoperative and 24-hour
      postoperative urine samples were obtained by transvaginal bladder tap, and the
      freshly cut edge of the vaginal cuff was routinely swabbed following removal of
      the uterus. In addition, the subcutaneous layer was cultured during closure of
      the abdominal wound. Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and alpha- and beta
      Streptococcus were the predominant organisms recovered. The importance of routine
      vaginal cuff cultures at the time of surgery for the treatment of postoperative
      morbidity is discussed.

PMID- 1089226
TI  - [Yersinia pseudotuberculosis spesis with fatal outcome].

PMID- 1089227
TI  - [The thrombohemorrhagic syndrome].

PMID- 1089228
TI  - [Our experiences with the Sonnenburg-Naylard anastomosis method].

PMID- 1089229
TI  - [Zsigmond Pete and the journal Egeszsegugyi Tamacsado].

PMID- 1089230
TI  - [Papapai Pariz and the Pax Animae].

PMID- 1089231
TI  - [Adam Wrzosek].

PMID- 1089233
TI  - [Vilmos Schulek, elected professor at Pest 100 years ago].

PMID- 1089232
TI  - [2 physicians from Borsod County in the 19th century].

PMID- 1089234
TI  - [Methods and usefulness of renal function determinations in children with
      particular reference to the ability of urine dilution and concentration].

PMID- 1089235
TI  - [Phototherapy in neonatal icterus].

PMID- 1089236
TI  - Fond memories of Virginia Apgar.

PMID- 1089237
TI  - Pharmaceutic factors affecting pediatric compliance.
AB  - Evaluation of treatment given at home was studied in children with otitis media
      who were seen in an outpatient clinic. Full compliance was present in only 5% of
      the initial 100 patients (Study A). Practical factors limiting their compliance
      included inadequate dispensing of medication at drug stores, 15%; incorrect
      therapy schedule, 36%; early termination, 37%; spilled medicine, 7%; therapy
      shared, 5%. Because of these findings, a plan was implemented (Study B) in which
      hospital pharmacy personnel gave patient families verbal and written instructions
      for administering medications that were dispensed, together with a calibrated
      measuring device and a calendar to record doses taken. Full compliance was raised
      to 51% in this pilot group (of 33 patients) as compared with 8.5% in 20
      concurrent controls who went to neighborhood drug stores. The importance of
      detailed therapy instructions is stressed. The potential role of the pharmacist
      in improving compliance is demonstrated.

PMID- 1089238
TI  - The Japanese operation for biliary atresia: remedy or mischief?
AB  - A case illustration is given of an infant with biliary atresia who had the Kasai
      operation more than 1 1/2 years ago and is now, by all biochemical and
      histological criteria, cured. The early results with this operation in 14
      patients are similar to those reported by the Japanese, that is, 25% have had
      sustained postoperative bile drainage. Success has never been achieved in infants
      older than 4 months. A long-held notion in this country to withhold operation in
      infants with jaundice until after 4 months has thus far militated against a
      critical and impartial evaluation of the Kasai operation. A plea is made to
      complete diagnostic work-up for jaundice during the first months of life so that
      the operation, if elected, may have a genuine chance for legitimate long-term
      analysis.

PMID- 1089239
TI  - Contagious and other aspects of nocardiosis in the compromised host.

PMID- 1089240
TI  - A review of five years' experience with rubella vaccine in the United States.
AB  - National morbidity figures show a decline in reported rubella and congenital
      rubella syndrome since 1969, concurrent with widespread use of rubella vaccine.
      In addition, no nationwide outbreak, such as the 1963-1964 epidemic, has
      occurred, though on the basis of long-term secular trends, one would be expected
      between 1970 and 1974. Recent rubella outbreaks have occurred in unimmunized
      students in high schools and universities, and there appears to have been a
      slight upward shift in the age-specific incidence of rubella in the United States
      since the beginning of widespread immunization. Currently available vaccines have
      provided durable protection to date, and, although reinfection is known to occur
      following vaccination, it has not proven a risk to the pregnant woman. There is a
      small but significant incidence of adverse reactions and a potential risk to the
      woman who is vaccinated during pregnancy. These data indicate that rubella
      vaccines are safe and effective. They also imply that rubella vaccines, as they
      are currently applied, have been successful in reducing the morbidity of
      congenital rubella syndrome, although continued surveillance will be necessary to
      confirm this trend.

PMID- 1089241
TI  - Oxygen plus pressure plus time: the etiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
AB  - Ten infants developed the chronic pulmonary syndrome designated bronchopulmonary
      dysplasia, following artificial (assisted) ventilation using a volume-regulated
      positive-pressure respirator. Despite previous reports implicating elevated
      oxygen concentrations for prolonged periods of time, only two infants required
      more than 80% oxygen for more than 24 hours, and only one infant required 60%
      oxygen for more than 100 hours. "Immature" lungs when exposed to inspired oxygen
      concentrations over 40% for as little as three days via positive-pressure
      ventilation may develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The role of the underlying
      disease and the relationship with Wilson-Mikity syndrome remain uncertain.

PMID- 1089242
TI  - Bronchopulmonary dysplasia and lung rupture in hyaline membrane disease:
      influence of continuous distending pressure.
AB  - Review of 158 patients with hyaline membrane disease was undertaken. The
      introduction of artificial ventilation with a positive end-expiratory pressure
      (IPPB and PEEP) has doubled the prevalence of pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and
      interstitial emphysema from 20.7% to 39.7%). Continuous negative distending
      pressure during spontaneous ventilation (CNP) was associated with a prevalence of
      lung rupture similar to that occurring spontaneously (4.8%). No patient treated
      with CNP alone developed bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Patients treated with IPPB
      with PEEP had a marked decreased prevalence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (17.2%)
      when compared to patients treated with IPPB alone (36.2%), probably related to
      the enhanced overdistension of relatively normal areas of the lung may be related
      to the increased prevalence of lung rupture seen during IPPB with PEEP.

PMID- 1089243
TI  - Pharmacologic basis for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 1089244
TI  - Fifty years ago.

PMID- 1089245
TI  - Foreign bodies in the eyes--an experiment.

PMID- 1089246
TI  - E. coli infections of the urinary tract.

PMID- 1089247
TI  - Belmont Hospital--from rags to riches.

PMID- 1089248
TI  - [Post-exertion syndrome of painful liver].

PMID- 1089249
TI  - [Processes occurring in the course of the interlethal period].

PMID- 1089250
TI  - [Infrasound therapy].

PMID- 1089251
TI  - [A new medicine in proctology: the procto-glyvenol (author's transl)].

PMID- 1089252
TI  - The circulating plasma volume of the foetal lamb as an index of its weight and
      rate of weight gain (g/day) in the last third of gestation.
AB  - In a series of foetal lambs weighing between 1,100 and 5,228 g, the circulating
      plasma volume was estimated by the dye dilution method, using Evans Blue, to test
      the possibility that the plasma volume could be used as an index of foetal weight
      in chronic studies. The data, analysed by the method of least squares regression,
      indicate that plasma volume and foetal weight are closely correlated (R-2 equals
      0.922) and linearly so in the range of data studied. There was no evidence that
      the relation differed for singlets and twins. A single equation, Y equals 71.8
      plus 10.11 X--where Y is the estimated weight and X the plasma volume, can be
      used to predict the weight from plasma volume in both. Some results of the
      application of the method in chronic studies are presented.

PMID- 1089253
TI  - Letter: Pyrimidine dimer excision and mutation frequency decline.

PMID- 1089254
TI  - Letter: Flourescent products from irradiated amino acids and proteins.

PMID- 1089255
TI  - Studies of parachloromercuribenzoate-induced radiosensitization in Escherichia
      coli and bacteriophages.

PMID- 1089256
TI  - Radiation-induced binding of some protein and nucleic acid constituents with
      macromolecular components in cell systems.

PMID- 1089257
TI  - Synergy between the antimitotic activity of x rays and urethan on mouse bone
      marrow stem cells (CFU).

PMID- 1089258
TI  - Jerman Memorial lecture. An accounting to radiography.

PMID- 1089259
TI  - Renal localization of gallium-67 citrate.
AB  - Renal localization of 67Ga citrate has been observed in 1.7% of 2,000 whole-body
      gallium scans in three major diseases: lymphoreticular neoplasms, leukemia, and
      malignant melanoma. Correlation of this finding with autopsy data in 13 cases
      revealed 9 with tumor and 2 with an inflammatory process. Findings in two cases
      were normal. In the remaining patients, correlation with abnormal urograms and
      laboratory data was poor. Nevertheless, gallium localization in the kidneys may
      be the first indicator of renal involvement with either tumor or inflammation.

PMID- 1089260
TI  - Editorial: John W. Beeler, M.D. President, Radiological Society of North America.

PMID- 1089261
TI  - In Memoriam. J. Stauffer Lehman, M.D. 1906-1974.

PMID- 1089262
TI  - In Memoriam. Henry T. Simmonds, Jr., M.D. 1916-1974.

PMID- 1089263
TI  - In Memoriam. Claude David Wilson, M.D. 1912-1974.

PMID- 1089264
TI  - [Outline of the history of the Polish Dermatological Society with particular
      reference to its achievements during the 30 years of the Polish People's
      Republic].

PMID- 1089266
TI  - [Clinical usefulness of the immunofluorescent method based on the records of the
      Dermatology Department of the Medical Academy in Lodz].

PMID- 1089265
TI  - [Fluocinolone acetonide in dermatological practice].

PMID- 1089268
TI  - [Extermination action at the Loben Institution].

PMID- 1089267
TI  - [Sending Polish juveniles to camps following a jail term].

PMID- 1089269
TI  - [Inhabitants of Silesia assisting the POWs].

PMID- 1089270
TI  - [Assisting inmates of the Montelupi prison in the years 1939-1941].

PMID- 1089271
TI  - [Cracow health services during the occupation].

PMID- 1089273
TI  - [Hospital of the Sovereign Order of Malta in occupied Warsaw].

PMID- 1089272
TI  - [Sanitary situation in occupied Warsaw as reported by Wilhelm Hagen].

PMID- 1089274
TI  - [Hospitals during the Warsaw uprising].

PMID- 1089275
TI  - [Health services in the Zoliborz district during the Warsaw uprising].

PMID- 1089276
TI  - [A physician, inmate of a POW camp, participates in a conspiratorial plot].

PMID- 1089277
TI  - [Electroshock therapy at the Monowice camp].

PMID- 1089278
TI  - [Trachoma at the Gross Rosen camp in 1943].

PMID- 1089279
TI  - [Reminiscences from the Flossenburg camp].

PMID- 1089280
TI  - [The Saurer-Werke camp before liberation].

PMID- 1089281
TI  - [After the liberation of the Sandbostel camp].

PMID- 1089282
TI  - [Captain Mieczyslaw Slaby, garrison surgeon at Westerplatte].

PMID- 1089283
TI  - [Dr. Stefan Mirau].

PMID- 1089285
TI  - [Dr. Witold Pawel Kulesza].

PMID- 1089284
TI  - [Dr. Stefan Zabicki].

PMID- 1089286
TI  - [Dr. Boleslaw Wiechula].

PMID- 1089287
TI  - [Dr. Wladyslaw Krupa].

PMID- 1089288
TI  - [Teresa Lasocka-Estreicher].

PMID- 1089289
TI  - [Stanislawa Leszczynska].

PMID- 1089290
TI  - [Nazi occupation as a subject of Polish writings in 1974].

PMID- 1089291
TI  - [Further contributions to the problems of psychopathology of music and songs in
      Nazi camps].

PMID- 1089292
TI  - [Drug addiction at the Auschwitz camp].

PMID- 1089294
TI  - [Health services of the 1st and 2d Polish Armies during their fight for the
      liberation of the country].

PMID- 1089293
TI  - [Results of socio-medical studies of persons deported to the Third Reich as slave
      laborers].

PMID- 1089295
TI  - [The camp hospital at Stutthof. An outline of history].

PMID- 1089296
TI  - [Health services at the Janowski camp].

PMID- 1089297
TI  - [Sanitary conditions prevailing at the Myslowice camp].

PMID- 1089298
TI  - Sex and self: the spinal cord-injured.

PMID- 1089299
TI  - The past, present and future of the surgical treatment of atherosclerotic heart
      disease.

PMID- 1089300
TI  - Rapid biological and chemical analyses of bacterial endotoxins separated by
      preparative thin-layer chromatography.

PMID- 1089301
TI  - Histidine regulation in Salmonella typhimurium. XVI. A sensitive radiochemical
      assay for histidinol dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1089302
TI  - [Splinting and immediate dentures of composite materials following periodontal
      therapy].

PMID- 1089303
TI  - [In memory of a pioneer: on the death of Adolf Roos, DDS].

PMID- 1089304
TI  - [In memory of Adolf Roos, DDS, (Basle) 1888-1974].

PMID- 1089305
TI  - [Editorial: Journal of Clinical Periodontology].

PMID- 1089306
TI  - [Microstructure of the surfaces of dental implantations].

PMID- 1089307
TI  - Cystinosis--a review.

PMID- 1089308
TI  - Changes of the coliform populations of the shoreline waters, Shediac, New
      Brunswick.
AB  - This paper presents the results of a survey of the changes in the coliform
      populations of the shoreline waters, Shediac, New Brunswick. The sanitary quality
      of these waters showed more than 1000 organisms/100 ml of coliforms thereby
      indicating post-winter and pre-summer contamination of these waters. The membrane
      filter method is found to be equally efficient to that of the MPN method. The
      sanitary quality of these waters in relation to other ecological parameters like
      temperatures, pH salinity and availability of oxygen are considered.

PMID- 1089310
TI  - F factor promotes turnover of stable RNA in escherichia coli.
AB  - Male bacteria that contain and srnA- mutant allele degrade their "stable" RNA
      massively after RNA synthesis is blocked at 42 degrees C; a normal F- female
      strain shows no such RNA breakdown unless both the srnA- allele and maleness (F
      factor) are introduced.

PMID- 1089309
TI  - Vesicular binesis: glucose effect on insulin secretory vesicles.
AB  - Binesis is a process whereby the membrane of the insuline secretory vesicle in
      the beta cell forms a lingula that indents the vesicular membrane of an adjoining
      secretory vesicle of the plasma membrane. Vesicular binesis in beta cells
      increases when islets of Langerhans are incubated at a stimulatory glucose
      concentration (300 miligrams per 100 milliliters). These vesicular membrane
      alterations may be the morphological concomitants of activation of the insulin
      secretory vesicle, and indicate an active role for the vesicle and its membrane
      in the release mechanism.

PMID- 1089311
TI  - Functional adaptation to high altitude hypoxia.

PMID- 1089312
TI  - Extrinsic allergic alveolitis.

PMID- 1089313
TI  - Idiopathic and autoimmune type III-like reactions: interstitial fibrosis,
      vasculitis, and granulomatosis.

PMID- 1089314
TI  - Immunology, virology, and cancer.

PMID- 1089315
TI  - Immunology and the lung: an overview.

PMID- 1089316
TI  - [Aid in the creation of the public health service of Tuv].

PMID- 1089317
TI  - [1st Russian hygiene journal "Health" (on the 100th anniversary of its
      publication)].

PMID- 1089318
TI  - Editorial: Of kings, sickness and beliefs.

PMID- 1089319
TI  - In memoriam: Henry John Edward Schultz.

PMID- 1089320
TI  - Neurosurgeon of the year: Henry Gerard Schwartz.

PMID- 1089321
TI  - Tentorial meningiomas.

PMID- 1089322
TI  - Papilledema: its recognition and relation to increased intracranial pressure.
AB  - This has been a review on the subject of papilledema from a clinical, pathologic
      and experimental point of view. Terminology has been clarified. The term
      papilledema should be reserved for those patients with optic disc edema caused by
      increased intracranial pressure. The forms of papilledema which are identifiable
      are: 1. Early (incipient) form which develops into an acute type and then into a
      fully developed form; 2. Fully developed form, characterized by obscured disc
      margins, hemorrhages and ischemic infarcts; 3. Chronic papilledema which may
      persist (the name "vintage" papilledema may be applied to those patients affected
      in varying degrees up to several years); and 4. Chronic atrophic papilledema
      which, as the name implies, illustrates a form we do not see as frequently as in
      years past. It is the type we are now trying to prevent and in this effort we are
      fortunately achieveing some success. The importance of the intracranial expanding
      lesions and the influence of the rapidity of elevation and duration of
      intracranial hypertension on the optic nerve has been considered, based on the
      clinical and experimental work to date. The pathogenesis of papilledema has been
      considered in some detail. A unified whole is difficult to arrive at in such a
      complex situation. Recent advances in our understanding of anatomic, mechanical
      (sheath space pressure), tissue and vascular pressure as related to increased
      intracranial pressure have been described. A hydrostatic mechanism brings these
      factors together in a reasonable, although admittedly not completely proven
      concept of a mechanism for the development of papilledema. Clarification of
      terminology and clinical appearance of the various forms of disc edema related to
      intracranial pressure are of practical value in the diagnosis and management of
      each patient we see with this clinical entity.

PMID- 1089324
TI  - The Herman Knapp Memorial Eye Hospital.

PMID- 1089323
TI  - Intraocular reticulum-cell sarcoma: clinico-pathologic study of four cases and
      review of the literature.
AB  - Four patients with primary intraocular reticulum-cell sarcoma were presented. All
      of the patients were followed at the Wilmer Institute for periods of up to ten
      years. All had decreased visual acuity and a uveitis that was refractory to
      standard forms of therapy. In one case, the correct diagnosis was made
      clinically. At autopsy, two of the patients had systemic reticulum-cell sarcoma,
      a third had intracranial reticulum-cell sarcoma, and in a fourth case the disease
      process was confined to the eye. The literature is reviewed and the clinico
      pathologic features of the total of 14 cases are analyzed. It is emphasized that
      a recalcitrant uveitis was present in almost all of the cases reported.
      Differential diagnosis and methods of diagnosis are discussed.

PMID- 1089325
TI  - Recurring problems in the conduct of clinical trials.

PMID- 1089326
TI  - A Treatise on the Diseases Of the Eye. First American ophthalmic textbook (1823).

PMID- 1089327
TI  - Alcohol and alcoholism: acute and chronic sequelae.

PMID- 1089328
TI  - [Morphology].

PMID- 1089329
TI  - [D-alpha tocopherol in intermittent claudication. A clinical study].

PMID- 1089331
TI  - [Professor F. de Gaudart d'Allaines, a pioneer of heart surgery (1892-1974)].

PMID- 1089330
TI  - [Chronic prostatitis. A therapeutic problem].

PMID- 1089332
TI  - [History of the medical profession in Quebec. VIII. Physicians of the Ecole a
      l'Hotel Dieu].

PMID- 1089333
TI  - [Comparison between the effects of a new sympathomimetic beta receptor
      (Terbutaline) and orciprenaline].

PMID- 1089334
TI  - Studies on Bacteriophage T3. III. Characterization of capsids as intermediates of
      the T3 head assembly.

PMID- 1089335
TI  - Isolation, characterization and deletion mapping of amber mutations in the cll
      gene of phage lambda.

PMID- 1089336
TI  - Morphogenesis of the tail of bacteriophage lambda. II. In vitro formation and
      properties of phage particles with extra long tails.

PMID- 1089337
TI  - Repressor synthesis in vivo after infection of E. coli by a prm - mutant of
      bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 1089338
TI  - [Usability of methods for the determination of minute cardiac volume under
      clinical conditions].
AB  - Methods for determination of cardiac output are described and their evaluation
      and possibilities to use them in clinical practice mentioned. Out of the invasive
      methods apart from the classical Fick's method, the dye dilution method is of
      advantage during catheterization, being relatively simple and ready to be easily
      repeated if necessary directly at the bed side. The common disadvantage of all
      invasive methods is the disturbance of the patient's basal state. Noninvasive
      methods yield results suitable more or less for orientation only. From these
      techniques the indirect method of Fick using the rebreathing of CO2 is simple and
      can be applied at the bed side. So called physical methods are already obsolete
      at present.

PMID- 1089339
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. T. R. Niederland, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1089340
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Josef Prochazka, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1089341
TI  - [In memory of Assistant Prof. Bedrich Hejda M.D. (May 13, 1901--Dec 13, 1974)].

PMID- 1089342
TI  - Bacterial endocarditis.

PMID- 1089343
TI  - Reconstruction of cervical esophagus with penile skin.

PMID- 1089344
TI  - [Furrowed tongue].

PMID- 1089346
TI  - [Contribution to Latin hamartology in medical papers].

PMID- 1089345
TI  - [Etiology, diagnosis and treatment of facial palsy of Bell's type].

PMID- 1089347
TI  - [Hepatic encephalopathy and magnesium deficiency states].

PMID- 1089348
TI  - [Case of subacute bacterial endocarditis complicated by candidiasis].

PMID- 1089349
TI  - [Mixed epidemic of typhoid fever and shigellosis].

PMID- 1089350
TI  - Editorial: Lee and intestinal illness.

PMID- 1089351
TI  - [Anti-Candida albicans antibodies in blood serum of children].

PMID- 1089352
TI  - Bone changes in young mice with impaired lymphoid system.
AB  - Disturbances of osseal growth were observed in young mice with their lymphoid
      system affected by antihymocyte serum or mitolactol (dibromodulcitol) treatment.
      These bone changes were similar to those observed in germ-free and neonatally
      thymectomized mice as well as in mice suffering from a graft vs. host reaction.
      Their severity was in direct correlation with the disturbance of the thymus
      dependent lymphoid system. Not only immunological adaptation but also normal bone
      growth appears to require an intact thymus and thymus dependent lymphoid system.

PMID- 1089353
TI  - Chromosome aberrations in cells infected with various strains of measles virus.
AB  - The incidence of chromosome fragmentation and/or breakage has been studied in
      cultured human embryonic diploid cells infected with different wild and vaccinal
      strains of measles virus. It seemed that for wild strains the mean incidence of
      fragmentation was two times higher, that of breakage two times lower than for the
      vaccinal strains.

PMID- 1089354
TI  - A clinical isolate of Salmonella typhi requiring anaerobic conditions for primary
      isolation.
AB  - An unusual isolate of Salmonella typhi from a patient with typhoid fever is
      described. The organism grew only on anaerobic subculture from multiple blood
      cultures. After repeated transfer the organism adapted to aerobic growth but
      still required carbon dioxide.

PMID- 1089355
TI  - Cardiobacterium homonis endocarditis. Characterization of the unusual organisms
      and review of the literature.
AB  - A case of subacute bacterial endocarditis in which Cardiobacterium hominis was
      isolated from the blood of a 55-year old woman who had rheumatic heart disease is
      reported. A survey of the literature revealed very few reports in which this
      organism has been implicated in human lesions. The colonies grew after 48 hours
      of incubation in a candle jar. They were small, convex, nonhemolytic, and oxidase
      positive. The indole reaction was positive, the catalase and nitrate reactions
      were negative, and acid reaction was obtained from the following carbohydrates:
      glucose, maltose, mannitol, sucrose, and sorbitol. The morphologic and
      biochemical properties served to distinguish these organisms from similar
      bacteria implicated in human disease, such as Haemophilus aphrophilus,
      Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Streptobacillus moniliformis, and HB-1.

PMID- 1089357
TI  - A simple method of inflation--fixation and air drying of lungs.
AB  - The various technics for pulmonary inflation are briefly discussed. A method of
      pulmonary inflation, fixation and drying is described. This preparation provides
      lung specimens suitable for many modes of study or demonstration, as well as
      excellent histologic detail. The technic is simple enough to use routinely in the
      study of pulmonary disease outside of a research center.

PMID- 1089356
TI  - Comparison of isotonic and radiometric-hypertonic cultures for the recovery of
      organisms from cerebrospinal, pleural and synovial fluids.
AB  - Two hundred eighteen (218) specimens of body fluids were examined by both
      isotonic and hypertonic culture methods. The specimens examined included 108
      pleural fluids, 43 synovial fluids, and 67 cerebrospinal fluids. Organisms were
      recovered in 99 instances by means of the isotonic system and in 140 instances by
      the hypertonic system. The hypertonic system also involved the use of radiometric
      assay for the detection of positive cultures. In all 140 cases, detection was
      accomplished within 36 hours after collection of the specimen by the radiometric
      method, while only 26 specimens showed any visual evidence of bacterial growth.
      Of the 218 patients involved, 198 were receiving antimicrobial therapy in which
      the antimicrobial agent attacked the bacterial cell wall.

PMID- 1089358
TI  - Identity conflicts in adoptees.
AB  - A review of the literature, and interviews with a large number of adoptees who
      have experienced reunions with their birth parents, indicates that adoptees are
      more vulnerable than the population at large to the development of identity
      problems in late adolescence and young adulthood.

PMID- 1089359
TI  - Hyperactivity in preschoolers and the effect of methylphenidate.
AB  - Observations of nursery behavior and tests of cognitive style and motor
      impulsivity were carried out with 28 hyperactive preschool children of normal
      intelligence and 26 matched control children. The hyperactive group was also
      observed and tested on methylphenidate and placebo. Methylphenidate was found to
      reduce hyperactivity at home, but it did not improve nursery behavior or
      psychological functioning. Unwanted side effects made the drug less useful at
      this age than in older hyperactive children.

PMID- 1089360
TI  - Peer behavior conceptualized as a variable influencing infant and toddler
      development.
AB  - It is hypothesized that interaction between infants may serve to facilitate their
      overall behavioral development, particularly if the environment is structured to
      maximize the developmental quality of the interaction. The developmental
      literature, which has largely ignorned the potential value of infant peer
      interaction is reviewed, and several lines of psychological theory and
      investigation are cited in support of the hypothesis. Development of a technology
      for enhancing infant interaction is proposed, and initial research questions are
      suggested.

PMID- 1089361
TI  - Statistical applications in physical medicine. part II.

PMID- 1089362
TI  - Psychiatric training and practice in the People's Republic of China.
AB  - Improved political relations between the United States and the People's Republic
      of China have led to closer contact in many areas. The authors trace the
      development of psychiatric training and practice in China with emphasis on the
      years after 1949. Since then, China has expanded psychiatric services to meet the
      needs of a vast population and has developed a theoretical approach to psychiatry
      that emphasizes sociopolitical factors. Additional information given to the
      authors in 1973 by psychiatrists in Nanking and Shanghai is presented and
      correlated with reports by other recent visitors to the People's Republic of
      China.

PMID- 1089363
TI  - Affective disorder: studies with amine precursors.
AB  - The authors assessed the clinical antidepressant effects of L-tryptophan given
      alone and in combination with L-dopa in 12 patients with a diagnosis of primary
      affective disorder; Preliminary results did not demonstrate an antidepressant
      response when L-dopa was combined with L-tryptophan. Also, the results did not
      support the catecholamine or biogenic amine hypotheses of affective disorder.

PMID- 1089364
TI  - Evolution of Public Health and Preventive Medicine in the United States.

PMID- 1089365
TI  - Assessing ambulatory medical care utilization patterns in the community: a brief
      questionnaire survey of young families.

PMID- 1089366
TI  - Investigation of the EVI antibody in parasitic diseases other than American
      trypanosomiasis. An anti-skeletal muscle antibody in leishmaniasis.
AB  - The specificity of a circulating antibody observed in American trypanosomiasis
      and reacting with endocardium, blood vessels, and the interstitium of striated
      muscle (EVI factor) was evaluated in the indirect fluorescent antibody test with
      60 sera from patients with malaria, leishmaniasis, echinococcosis, amebiasis,
      African trypanosomiasis, toxoplasmosis, and trichinosis, collected from areas
      where Chagas' disease is not endemic. Two sera, 1 from a patient with Plasmodium
      falciparum malaria and 1 from a patient with a relapse pretreatment post kala
      azar dermal leishmaniasis, were positive for the EVI factor. In the leishmaniasis
      group, 3 of 8 sera reacted with 0ovine, murine, and human skeletal muscle. In
      this reaction, which differs from the EVI test, the sarcolemma and the
      intracellular structures were stained.

PMID- 1089367
TI  - Studies of in vitro infection by Trypanosoma cruzi. I. Ultrastructural studies on
      the invasion of macrophages and L-cells.
AB  - The interactions of Trypanosoma cruzi with L-cells, and with normal and activated
      macrophages in vitro were studied by ultrastructural techniques. T. cruzi
      actively invades cultured L-cells and uniformly destroys them. Normal macrophages
      could control a 1:1 (parasite to host cell) infection, but were destroyed by a
      10:1 infection. BCG-activated macrophages, however, controlled a 10:1 infection
      but not one at a ratio  of 100:1. It appears that parasites that survive within
      host cells do so outside cytoplasmic vacuoles, whereas when they are relegated to
      host cell phagosomes they are destroyed. Culture forms of T. cruzi have several
      means of access into host cells. Marcrophages are better able to survive
      infection than are non-phagocytic cells. Finally, it is suggested that control of
      an experimental infection in vitro is dependent upon numbers of parasites to
      macrophages as well as the state of the macrophages.

PMID- 1089368
TI  - Onchocerciasis in Guatemala. II. Microfilariae in urine, blood, and sputum after
      diethylcarbamazine.
AB  - Guatermalan volunteers with onchocerciasis were given a dose of
      diethylcarbamazine to learn if this caused migration of microfilariae of
      Onchocerca volvulus into urine, blood, and sputum. In 5 of the 10 volunteers, the
      num0ers of microfilariae in the urine increased considerably following the drug.
      In the same 5, relatively large numbers of microfilariae were observed in the
      blood and sputum specimens. Response in the remaining 5 was negligible. Four
      controls given a placebo did not respond. Interestingly, however, 2 control
      subjects had onchocercal microfilariae in their concentrated blood specimens and
      3 control subjects had microfilariae in the sputum. Therefore, we believe that
      microfilariae, if searched for, may be found in other parts of the patient not
      normally associated with the infection.

PMID- 1089369
TI  - Effects of pattern of ventilation on pulmonary metabolism and mechanics.
AB  - Effects of three patterns of mechanical ventilation on pulmonary mechanics, lung
      phospholipid and surface activity were studied in the normal closed-chest dog.
      The patterns were continuous mechanical ventilation with: 1) tidal volume (VT)=15
      ml/kg; 2) VT=15 ml/kg with 10 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP); 3)
      VT=50 ml/kg. THE DOGS IN EACH GROUP WERE VENTILATED FOR 24 HOURS, WITH CAREFUL
      ATTENTION PAID TO MAINTENANCE OF NORMAL BLOOD GASES, FLUID BALANCE, AND CARDIAC
      OUTPUT. The animals were sacrificed and the lungs studied to determine pressure
      volume curves, dry lung weight/wet lung weight ratios, phospholpid contents and
      surface activities. The results were compared with control values in acutely
      sacrificed unventilated dogs. No significant change from controls was found with
      any pattern of ventilation employed with the exception of the tendency for lungs
      ventilated with PEEP to retain fluid (decreased dry lung weight/wet lung weight
      ratio).

PMID- 1089370
TI  - Intestinal infusion of endotoxin in adrenalectomized calves.
AB  - Four adrenalectomized calves, 3 to 4 months old, were allowed to develop
      adrenocorticosteroid insufficiency and then were given 50 mg of Escherichia coli
      endotoxin by infusion via cannula into the duodenum. Several physiologic
      variables were studied to detect changes indicative of endotoxemia. It is
      concluded that adrenocorticosteroid insufficiency in calves is not an independent
      factor allowing an intestinal source of endotoxin to cause the development of
      clinical signs and physiologic changes characteristic of endotoxemia.

PMID- 1089371
TI  - A rapid batch method for the production of specific fluorescein isothiocyanate
      labeled globulins to Dirofilaria immitis microfilaria.
AB  - A rapid, reproducible method for the production of specifically labeled anti
      Dirofilaria immitis microfilaria (MFF) globulins (MAG) has been devised. These
      labeled antibodies have made the detection of D immitis in serum possible by a
      fluorescent-antibody technique.

PMID- 1089372
TI  - Relative immunogenicity of streptomycin-susceptible and -resistant strains of
      BCG. II. Effect of the route of inoculation on growth and immunogenicity.
AB  - Normal CD-1 mice were infected intravenously, subcutaneously, or aerogenically
      with live bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) Tice or BCG streptomycin resistant (SM
      res) and growth of the organisms in the footpad, the draining popliteal lymph
      node, the blood, lung, liver, and spleen was followed for as long as 50 days. The
      vaccinated mice were then challenged on day 50 with 10-5 viable Mycobacterium
      tuberculosis Erdman organisms introduced intravenously or subcutaneously. The
      growth of the Erdman challenge was followed in the appropriate organs for the
      next 20 days. Measurement of tuberculin hypersensitivity was carried out by
      footpad tests. The BCG Tice introduced aerogenically or subcutaniously into
      normal mice induced degrees of antituberculous resistance equivalent to those
      seen earlier in intravenously infected mice. The BCG SM-res was still
      nonimmunogenic when introduced subcutaneously or by the aerogenic route.
      Suspension of the organisms in sterile mineral oil before their injection into
      the footpad slowed their rate of inactivation and marginally increased the immune
      response seen later in the host. Introduction of BCG SM-res into T-cell depleted
      mice by the 3 inoculation routes was associated with no marked improvement in the
      survival of this organism in vivo, suggesting that BCG SM-res is inactivated in
      vivo by a nonimmunologically mediated mechanism.

PMID- 1089373
TI  - Bronchofiberscopy.
AB  - Probably no other diagnostic interpretive technique has revolutionized pulmonary
      medical practice in so short a time as flexible bronchofiberscopy. This state of
      the art review deals with flexible bronchofiberscopy, as well as comparisons to
      rigid bronchoscopic techniques. Historic development, specifications,
      indications, contraindications, sterilization of the instrument, and
      complications of these methods are discussed. Accessory procedures to
      bronchofiberscopy including biopsy, brushing, lavage, foreign body extraction,
      selective bacterial cultures, and research applications are considered. Finally,
      recommendations are made as to the training of a physician who performs
      bronchofiberscopy.

PMID- 1089375
TI  - Neural regulation of respiration.
AB  - The main respiratory muscles are under both voluntary and involuntary (automatic)
      control. These two control systems come from separate sites in the CNS and have
      separate descending pathways; the final integration of these outputs occurs at
      segmental levels in the cord. Voluntary control arises from the motor and
      premotor cortex and descends in the cord in the corticospinal tract. Involuntary
      control is mediated by both rhythmic and nonrhythmic systems located in the
      brainstem. Recent studies have associated the classic respiratory centers with
      specific nuclei in the brainstem. The pneumotaxic center is located in the
      nucleus parabrachialis, and the medullary respiratory centers are located in the
      vicinity of the nucleus of the solitary tract (dorsal respiratory group) and the
      nuclei ambiguus and retroambigualis (ventral respiratory group). Most axons from
      the medullary nuclei cross in the medulla and descend in the ventral and lateral
      columns to segmental levels. The classic medullary respiratory centers described
      by Pitts have been shown to be the site of origin of tonically firing long
      reticulospinal axons that descend in the ventral and lateral columns. This system
      is thought to provide a nonrhythmic involuntary biasing of the membrane potential
      of respiratory motoneurons in the cord. The site of generation of eupnic
      breathing and the mechanism of rhythm generation remain unknown. However, recent
      studies indicate that reciprocal inhibition between populations of inspiratory
      and expiratory cells (bistable oscillator model) does not occur in the medulla;
      rather we suggest that inhibitory phasing of inspiratory cells generates
      inspiratory rhythm, and periodic inhibition of tonically active expiratory
      neurons results in respiratory rhythm. We suggest that the inhibitory phasing
      occurs in the dorsal respiratory group, which is also the site of integration of
      respiratory afferents. The main site of integration of the voluntary and
      involuntary control systems is the cord where the respiratory motoneuron output
      is determined by descending information from these systems, as well as with
      intrasegmental and intersegmental reflexes. Separation of the voluntary and
      involuntary control systems also occurs in man and discrete lesions may interrupt
      one system without significant alteration of the other.

PMID- 1089374
TI  - Distribution of sodium and potassium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
AB  - The body electrolyte composition of 34 patients with severe chronic obstructive
      pulmonary disease and without complications or medications known to influence
      body sodium or potassium was studied. Exchangeable sodium, exchangeable
      potassium, extracellular water, and total body water were measured using
      radioisotope dilution techniques. From these values and serum sodium and
      potassium levels, the intracellular water, intracellular concentrations of sodium
      and potassium, and factors to estimate lean body mass were calculated. Normal
      values were predicted for factors that vary with weight, age, and sex-
      exchangeable sodium, exchangeable potassium, total body water, extracellular
      water, intracellular water, and estimates of lean body mass--for each subject
      using regression equations that took into account the variables. For values that
      do not vary with weight or age--residual sodium and intracellular concentration
      of potassium--comparisons were made with values from our control subjects. The
      patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease showed a slower rate of
      potassium exchange than the control subjects, requiring at least 48 hours. There
      was also an increase in residual sodium composed of intracellular sodium and
      exchangeable bone sodium. The possibilities that the abnormalities could be
      ascribed to congestive heart failure, loss of lean tissue, or to a slowly
      functioning sodium pump were considered.

PMID- 1089376
TI  - Pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO).

PMID- 1089377
TI  - Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: evidence of limited tissue invasion.
AB  - The cause of granulomatous parenchymal reaction in allergic bronchopulmonary
      aspergillosis has been attributed to a hypersensitivity reaction. A case is
      reported with Aspergillus fumigatus identified in lung tissue, suggesting that
      the pathologic changes in some cases can be due to limited parenchymal
      colonization.

PMID- 1089378
TI  - Hemophilia A and von Willebrand's disease: the relationship examined.

PMID- 1089379
TI  - Historical comments on hemophilia and carrier detection.

PMID- 1089380
TI  - Blood--its derivatives and its problems--factor VIII.
AB  - Unfortunately, all of the problems of the hemophiliac have not been solved by the
      availability of concentrated factor VIII products. Patients still are faced with
      the crippling effects of arthritis, problems with employment, problems with
      ignorance (both medical and lay), and an increased risk of premature death even
      in a sophisticated, treatment-oriented, community (Table 3). It can only be hoped
      that we can solve the problems of hepatitis transmission, availability, and
      economics so that concentrated forms of factor VIII can be made available to all
      patients with hemophilia. It seems appropriate to suggest that our severely
      affected patients should be placed on some prophylactic programs, since this
      would ease most of the long-term psychologic and physical disabilities common to
      this disease.

PMID- 1089381
TI  - Blood-its derivatives and its problems--factor IX.

PMID- 1089382
TI  - Recent advances in hemophilia. Part I. The molecule. Discussion paper. Basic
      science and practical management.

PMID- 1089383
TI  - Cicatricial pemphigoid and its relationship to ocular pemphigus and essential
      shrinkage of the conjunctiva.

PMID- 1089384
TI  - Detachment of Descemet's membrane from grafts following wound separation: light
      and scanning electron microscopic study.
AB  - Examination of 4 specimens of failed grafts following wound rupture shows that
      separation of Descement's membrane from the periphery of the graft in the area of
      dehiscence is followed by morphological changes in endotelial cells and by the
      development of fibrous membranes. Defective wound healing after repair is
      probably caused by persistent edema of graft stroma. With sudden decompression of
      the globe, rupture and total detachment of Descemet's membrane may occur. Changes
      in Descemet's membrane and eventual failure of the graft may occur mostly on the
      basis of anatomical changes in the endothelium of the graft and not necessarily
      by inflammation which was not present in these 4 specimens.

PMID- 1089386
TI  - Barry J. Anson 1894 - 1974.

PMID- 1089385
TI  - Anterior segment fluorescein angiography: a simple modification of the Zeiss
      stereo slit lamp camera.
AB  - The addition of a small metal housing containing a rechargeable flash to a Zeiss
      stereo slit lamp camera provides a simple, inexpensive method for obtaining
      excellent quality anterior segment fluorescein angiograms. By placing a splice in
      the slit illumination cord the fluorescein flash unit can be hooked up to be
      existing Zeiss power pack. The easy insertion of the proper excitation and
      barrier filters completes the temporary conversion. Utilizing this equipment,
      rapid sequence photographs of high resolution can be achieved. In addition,
      stereophotography, variable magnification, color photography and a simultaneous
      combination of fluorescein and infrared angiography for pigmented lesions are
      possible.

PMID- 1089387
TI  - Local anesthesia in otolaryngology. A re-evaluation.
AB  - Almost a half century following attempts to ban its use, cocaine remains at the
      pinnacle of topical anesthesia in otolaryngology. To understand how nonaddicting
      synthetic substitutes such as procaine, dibucaine, tetracaine and lidocaine have
      not totally supplanted cocaine, requires an in-depth analysis of its unique
      pharmological properties, untoward effects and potential substitutes. Almost all
      of the reported cocaine deaths occurred after subcutaneous injection; when used
      topically, cocaine's toxicity has been confined to an occasional reaction.
      Certain variables under physician control may be manipulated to reduce the chance
      of reaction to a minimum. For example, intermittent application of a particular
      dosage results in lower blood levels, and allowing sufficient time between doses
      reduces the amount necessary to obtain the desired anesthesia. If total dosage is
      kept below 200 mg there are few reactions. A singular advantage of cocaine over
      other topical anesthetics is its inherent ability to cause vasoconstriction, thus
      retarding its own absorption. The addition of a topical vasoconstrictor such as
      epinephrine is thus redundant, and may actually be harmful as cocaine sensitizes
      the patient to exogenous epinephrine. Finally, the usual preoperative dosages of
      barbiturates are entirely inadequate to prevent or treat cocaine reactions. Why,
      then, have synthetic local anesthetics not replaced cocaine? Inherent differences
      in topical effectiveness, duration of anesthesia and toxicity provide the answer.
      Of other local anesthetics possessing topical effectiveness tetracaine is about
      six times more toxic than cocaine. Dibucaine is as toxic as tetracaine, and
      lidocaine, while relatively nontoxic, provides only a 15 minute duration of
      topical anesthesia. A review of cocaine and its potential substitutes thus leads
      to the conclusion that cocaine is still a vital and necessary instrument in the
      otolaryngologist's armamentarium, singularly providing excellent topical
      anesthesia of usable duration, vasoconstriction, and shrinkage of mucous
      membranes, all with a quite acceptable margin of safety.

PMID- 1089388
TI  - Permanent deafness associated with furosemide administration.
AB  - Six cases of hearing impairment have been presented. Furosemide was administered
      to all of these patients at the time of the alleged onset of the deafness. None
      of the known or suspected causes of deafness occurring in transplant patients was
      evident in these cases. With the experimental evidence that furosemide does
      induce stria damage and the absence of other recognized causes of deafness in
      this series of patients, furosemide must be considered the etiologic agent
      responsible for the permanent sensorineural hearing loss. A characteristic
      audiometric pattern of hearing impairment emerged and a possible explanation for
      these features has been given. Certain precautionary steps in the use of ototoxic
      drugs are suggested.

PMID- 1089389
TI  - Changes in the lymphocyte cytoplasmic refractive index following typhoid
      vaccination.
AB  - The refractive index of the circulating blood lymphocytes (LCRI) of healthy young
      adults vaccinated with typhoid vaccine has been measured by immersion
      refractometry and phase contrast microscopy. A rise in the LCRI preceeds the rise
      in the antibody titre by two to three days. A more pronounced rise also occurred
      in one patient prior to a rejection crises following a kidney transplant.

PMID- 1089390
TI  - Testicular changes associated with the initiation of spermatogenesis.
AB  - Testicular changes preceding and accompanying the initiation of spermatogenesis
      are reviewed. The complex cellular changes occurring in the developing testis are
      found to be particularly well defined with the use of electron microscopy. The
      findings suggest that electron microscopic examination may be useful in the
      evaluation of male infertility, especially in those cases in which clinical and
      laboratory findings are negative or inconclusive. The amount of tissue required
      is minimal and can be taken as part of the regular testicular biopsy. The
      additional information provided by electron microscopy can be used to clarify the
      observations made on routine light microscopic study and may also lead to better
      understanding of the pathologic changes occurring in some of the less well
      understood forms of male infertility.

PMID- 1089391
TI  - Recommendations for EO gas sterilization of air-powered surgical instruments.

PMID- 1089392
TI  - A gastroplasty for short esophagus and reflux esophagitis: experimental and
      clinical studies.
AB  - A safe, simple, effective gastroplasty for short esophagus with reflux
      esophagitis is described. It has been evaluated in dogs for up to three years
      with flexible fiberesophagoscopy, esophagrams and intraluminal pressure studies.
      Successful clinical experience has been encouraging.

PMID- 1089393
TI  - Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy: a reappraisal of its indications and results.
AB  - A critical evaluation is made of 131 patients submitted to choledocho or
      hepaticojejunostomy. The main indications for hepaticojejunostomy were iatrogenic
      strictures of CBD (60 patients), and choledocholithiasis with markedly dilated
      duct (41 patients). The overall mortality rate was 4% representing principally
      renal hepatic failure, bile peritonitis and bleeding. The complications following
      hepaticojejunostomy included only in one case biliary fistula which required
      reoperation. The long-term results of 80 patients available for a followup study
      were as follows: 63 patients (78.7%) were symptom-free at 2-13 years followup; 8
      patients had brief episodes of cholangitis which responded to antibiotic and
      corticosteroid treatment; 9 patients required reoperation for stricture of
      anastomosis. These overall results are a strong argument for hepaticojejunostomy
      which, compared with choledochoduodenostomy, avoids the hazards of the so-called
      sump syndrome and of the reflux of enteric contents in the CBD. An increased
      incidence of peptic ulcer disease in the patients submitted to
      hepaticojejunostomy was not observed. In very high strictures and in
      reinterventions anastomosis between left hepatic duct and Roux-en-Y jejunal limb
      was carried out. The results achieved with this technique, which was performed in
      26 patients, were about the same following hepaticojejunostomy.

PMID- 1089394
TI  - The precision of a special purpose analog computer in clinical cardiac output
      determination.
AB  - Three hundred dye-dilution curves taken during our first year of clinical
      experience with the Waters CO-4 cardiac output computer were analyzed to estimate
      the errors involved in its use. Provided that calibration is accurate and 5.0 mg
      of dye are injected for each curve, then the percentage standard deviation of
      measurement using this computer is about 8.7%. Included in this are the errors
      inherent in the computer, errors due to baseline drift, errors in the injection
      of dye and acutal variation of cardiac output over a series of successive
      determinations. The size of this error is comparable to that involved in manual
      calculation. The mean value of five successive curves will be within 10% of the
      real value in 99 cases out of 100. Advances in methodology and equipment are
      discussed which make calibration simpler and more accurate, and which should also
      improve the quality of computer determination. A list of suggestions is given to
      minimize the errors involved in the clinical use of this equipment.

PMID- 1089395
TI  - Improvement in lower esophageal sphincter pressure following surgery for
      complicated gastroesophageal reflux.
AB  - A comparison was made of the pre- and postoperative lower esophageal sphincter
      (LES) pressures in nine patients undergoing a posterior gastropexy for
      complicated gastroesophageal reflux. LES pressure was increased from 4.4 plus or
      minus 0.4 mm Hg to 13.9 plus or minus 0.5 mm Hg following surgery (p less than
      .01). The ratio of the change in LES pressure compared to the change in gastric
      pressure during increases in intra-abdominal pressure delta S/delta G, was 0.59
      plus or minus 0.05 preoperatively and 0.94 plus or minus .01 postoperatively (p
      less than .01). All patients were asymptomatic after surgery. Both the resting
      LES pressure and the S/G ratio following surgery were significantly less than the
      comparable values obtained in an age-matched control population (p less than
      .01). These studies suggest that the clinical improvement following surgery for
      gastroesophageal reflux may be due to the increase in resting LES pressure and
      the improved response of the LES to increased intra-abdominal pressure.

PMID- 1089396
TI  - Cellular kinetics in multiple myeloma. A new approach to staging and treatment.
AB  - Previous studies of myeloma immunoglobulin synthesis and tumor cell number, using
      a marker kinetic approach, have increased knowledge about body bruden of tumor
      cells, kinetics of myeloma cell growth, and response to chemotherapy. On the
      basis of these observations, we have developed a clinical staging system that
      permits accurate estimation of total myeloma cell number in patients who have not
      had specialized immunosynthetic measurements. We have incorporated this clinical
      staging into a nationwide time-sharing computer network called the Myeloma Study
      System (MSS). With the MSS we are able to establish a file for each patient, keep
      track of changes in tumor cell number with treatment, and evaluate toxicity. This
      resource should afford an excellent test of the value of cellular kinetics for
      the planning and uniform evaluation of cancer chemotherapy.

PMID- 1089397
TI  - Monoclonal gammopathy in lymphoma.
AB  - Serum protein electrophoresis was performed in 68% of 1,682 consecutive patients
      with lymphoma. Of 400 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and lymphocytic
      lymphoma, 2.3% had an IgG peak, a frequency significantly higher than that found
      in normal individuals of comparable age. IgM peaks occurred in 4.5% of patients
      with lymphomas characterized by diffuse histologic infiltration of lymph nodes.
      This frequency was about 100 times greater than predicted and indicated that most
      IgM peaks detected by electrophoresis are produced by lymphomas. Clinical
      responses to therapy were associated with reductions of tumor mass usually
      ranging from 10% to 50% of the pretreatment level. A much greater magnitude of
      tumor reduction is needed to improve remission duration for patients with chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia and lymphocytic lymphoma.

PMID- 1089398
TI  - Immunochemical, clical, and pathological features of alpha-chain disease.
AB  - Making the diagnosis of alpha-chain disease in the laboratory is difficult.
      Immunologic and structural characteristics of the abnormal protein were shown in
      results of cellular studies. There are clinicopathological features associated
      with the protein abnormality. The peculiar geographic origin of patients affected
      with alpha-chain disease and the possible reversibility of the hyperplastic
      process at its early stage lead to some considerations of cause.

PMID- 1089399
TI  - Antidepressant response to tricyclics and urinary MHPG in unipolar patients.
      Clinical response to imipramine or amitriptyline.
AB  - The urinary excretion of the norepinephrine metabolite 3-methoxy-4
      hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) was measured in unipolar depressed patients before and
      during the fourth week of treatment with either imipramine hydrocloride or
      amitriptyline hydroxhloride. On the basis of strict rating criteria, 24 patients
      were selected as either unequivocal responders or nonresponders. In the
      imipramine group the mean pretreatment MHPG was significantly lower in the nine
      responders in the seven nonresponders; the converse was found with the
      amitriptyline patients. Of particular interest is that there was no overlap in
      individual values between the responders and nonresponders to either drug.
      Treatment with eigher imipramine or amitriptyline was associated with a
      significant decrease in MHPG excretion, which was independent of clinical
      response.

PMID- 1089400
TI  - Amine precursors and depression.
AB  - The amino acid precursors, levodopa and L-tryptophan, were given to a group of
      hospitalized depressed patients in a double-blind placebo controlled study.
      Relatively large doses were not associated with sufficient clinical improvement
      to allow the patients to leave the hospital. Previous studies using the precursor
      load strategy have produced conflicting findings on the use of these compounds
      for depressed patients.

PMID- 1089401
TI  - Psychoactive drugs in mania. A controlled comparison of lithium carbonate,
      chlorpromazine, and haloperidol.
AB  - Lithium carbonate, haloperidol, and chlorpromazine hydrochloride were compared in
      a double-blind controlled study with severely ill hospitalized manics. Lithium
      carbonate and haloperidol produced a highly significant improvement of manic
      symptoms without sedation. Although producing considerable sedation,
      chlorpromazine did little to alter the underlying mania qualitatively.
      Qualitative differences between lithium carbonate and haloperidol indicate that,
      while haloperidol has a more dramatically rapid impact on behavior-motor
      activity, lithium carbonate acted more evenly on the entire manic picture, with
      total normalization realized during active treatment. The majority of lithium
      carbonate-treated patients met discharge criteria at study termination, but not
      the patients receiving either neuroleptic drug. The rating scales are not
      sensitive enough to monitor manic psychopathology; this accounts for the lack of
      statistically significant differences among drug groups at treatment termination,
      despite the widely disparate discharge rates.

PMID- 1089402
TI  - Classification in schizophrenia.
AB  - Schizophrenia has been defined as an indentifiable disorder based on
      phenomenologic classification. Support for this concept is derived from
      consistent observations of a low frequency of the disorder in general populations
      throughout the world but substantially higher frequency of occurrence in siblings
      of affected individuals. The rates of concurrence in diagnosis for schizophrenia,
      surprisingly, vary in similar degree to those found for a series of physical
      disorders such as cervical cancer, emphysema and bronchitis, and
      electrocardiographic evaluations of cardiac disorder. The most recent findings
      from cross-national diagnostic studies of mental disorder uphold the need for a
      regular, more definitive classification system that is considered from both the
      service and research points of view.

PMID- 1089403
TI  - Intravitreal injection of cephaloridine in the treatment of endophthalmitis.
AB  - Ocular toxic effects of intravitreal injection of cephaloridine in rabbits was
      evaluated, and none were produced in doses of 0.25 mg or less. Clinically,
      intravitreal injection of cephaloridine in doses of 5 mg or more produced small
      punctate hemorrhages in the vascularized portions of the rabbit retina within two
      days. With doses of 2.5 mg or less, no clinical changes were seen during the two
      weeks of observation. Histologically, one day following intravitreal injection of
      0.5 to 10 mg of cephaloridine there was clumping of the outer segments of the
      photoreceptors and destruction of the retinal pigment epithelium. Ten milligrams
      of cephaloridine intravitreally injected caused definite electroretinogram (ERG)
      changes ten minutes after injection. After 24 hours, the ERG was extinguished. An
      experimentally induced Escherichia coli endophthalmitis was successfully treated
      after six hours by intravitreal injection of cephaloridine.

PMID- 1089404
TI  - Ocular microtherapy. Membrane-controlled drug therapy.

PMID- 1089405
TI  - Activity changes related to the location of lesion in the hippocampus.

PMID- 1089406
TI  - Mechanism of injury of Escherichia coli by freezing and thawing.

PMID- 1089407
TI  - Protein synthesis and ribosomal distribution in a polyamine auxotroph of
      Escherichia coli: studies in cell-free systems.

PMID- 1089408
TI  - An in vivo insulin effect on hepatocyte chromatin determined by DNA-rna
      hybridization.

PMID- 1089409
TI  - The stimulus-secretion coupling of glucose-induced insulin release-XVII. Effects
      of sulfonylureas and diazoxide on insular biosynthetic activity.

PMID- 1089410
TI  - The inhibition in vitro of DNA polymerase and RNA polymerases by daunomycin and
      adriamycin.

PMID- 1089411
TI  - The use of a calcium sucrose phosphates-calcium orthophosphate complex as a
      cariostatic agent.

PMID- 1089412
TI  - James Alfred Snarey Wright, A.F.C., F.D.S., H.D.D.

PMID- 1089413
TI  - Letter: Acid etching solutions: a danger.

PMID- 1089414
TI  - Editorial: Dental ethics and clinical trials.

PMID- 1089415
TI  - Letter: The ethics of clinical trials in england today.

PMID- 1089416
TI  - Enamel mottling in a fluoride and in a non-fluoride community. A study.

PMID- 1089417
TI  - William Alan Grainger, C.B.E., M.D.S., F.A.C.D.S.

PMID- 1089418
TI  - Varaztad Hovannes Kazanjian, C.M.G., M.D., D.M.D., Sc.D.

PMID- 1089419
TI  - Sir Zachary Cope, M.D., M.S., F.R.C.S.

PMID- 1089420
TI  - Stanley Preece Meacock, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., L.D.S.

PMID- 1089421
TI  - Letter: 'Composite filling materials as adhesives in orthodontics'.

PMID- 1089422
TI  - The difficult denture patient. A review of psychological aspects.

PMID- 1089423
TI  - Acid-etch incisal restorative materials. A comparison.

PMID- 1089424
TI  - The chapel of St Apolline, Guernsey.

PMID- 1089425
TI  - Geoffrey John Hipkins, B.Sc., F.L.A.

PMID- 1089426
TI  - Haemodynamic effects of the antiarrhythmic quaternary ammonium compound QX-572 in
      man.
AB  - The haemodynamic effects of N, N-bis(phenyl-carbamoylmethyl) dimethylammonium
      chloride (QX-572) in man were studied. A controlled study was performed to rule
      out a possible influence of the catheterization procedure as such on the results.
      Ten patients with mild to moderate aortic regurgitation were studied: based on
      clinical data the patients were divided into 2 groups of 5. Randomly it was
      decided that one group should constitute a control group receiving saline while
      the second group received QX-572 , MG/KG BODY WEIGHT. In both groups the
      administration was performed as a slow intravenous infusion during 30 minutes.
      Heart rate, pressures in brachial artery and right atrium, cardiac output, stroke
      volume, and systemic vascular resistance were determined before, during, and up
      to 30 minutes after completion of placebo or QX-572. These variable remained
      stable in the control group while QX-572 produced an increase in heart rate most
      pronounced at the end of the infusion period. A transient decrease in systolic
      and mean brachial artery pressure during the infusion, and during the same period
      a decrease in right atrial pressure. Cardiac output and systemic vascular
      resistance were unchanged by QX-572 but they were not measured during the
      infusion when the changes in pressures were most pronounced. QX-572 was thought
      to act as a peripheral vasodilator during the infusion. Left ventricular
      contractility was studied by means of pressure curves obtained from a catheter
      tip manometer placed in the left ventricle. The first derivative of the
      isovolumic left ventricular pressure at the highest level (45mmHg) common to all
      patients was used (dp/dt-45). No significant difference could be observed when
      comparing mean changes of dp/dt-45 for the two groups. In the control group there
      was a slight but significant increase in dp/dt-45 during the time of observation.
      In the QX-572 group the results varied between individuals. Two of the patients
      differed from all other patients in the control and QX-572 groups showing a
      decrease in dp/dt-45 which, when most pronounced at the end of the infusion
      period, was -31 and -28 per cent of the preinfusion levels, respectively. This
      decrease probably reflects reduction of contractility. It was concluded that QX
      572 in a dose of 8 mg/kg body weight did not have any major haemodynamic
      drawbacks.

PMID- 1089427
TI  - Methylation of the ribosomal proteins in Escherichia coli. Nature and
      stoichiometry of the methylated amino acids in 50S ribosomal proteins.
AB  - Methylated ribosomal proteins from Escherichia coli 50S subunit are localized by
      growing cells in a medium containing (1-14C)methionine and (3H-methyl)-methionine
      and comparing the 3H/14C ratio for each of the 50S ribosomal proteins. The
      following proteins are methylated: L11, L1, L3, L5, L7, L8, L9, L12, L18, and
      L33. The nature and stoichiometry of the methylated amino acid(s) in each of the
      methylated proteins are determined. Protein L11 is the most heavily methylated of
      all the 50S subunit proteins. This protein has previously been implicated in the
      peptidyl transferase reaction during protein synthesis (K. H. Nierhaus and V.
      Montejo (1973), Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. 47, 1588-1602). Three proteins (L1,
      L3, and L5) have intermediate levels of methylation and contain about 0.4-0.6
      methyl groups each per molecule of protein. Five other proteins (L7, L8, L9, L12,
      and L18) are also methylated to a slight extent (-0.1 methyl group/molecule of
      protein). One unknown methylated neutral amino acid was detected in protein L11
      and at least one and possibly two other unidentified methylated amino acids
      appeared to be present in protein L33.

PMID- 1089428
TI  - Apparent high degree of asymmetry of protein arrangement in the Escherichia coli
      outer cell envelope membrane.
AB  - Ghosts from Escherichia coli have been oxidized with CuSO4-o-phenanthroline or
      ferricyanide-ferrocene. Upon oxidation they became resistant to boiling dodecyl
      sulfate. The resulting rod-shaped "oxidation containers" apparently held together
      by disulfide bridges, are practically pure protein. They are soluble in dodecyl
      sulfate when reduced and they contain a set of about 30 different polypeptide
      chains. The four major ghost membrane proteins are not represented among the
      "oxidation proteins." Comparison of data obtained from digestion of ghosts with
      trypsin or particle-bound trypsin showed that most of the "oxidation proteins"
      appear to be located at the outer surface of the ghost membrane which is derived
      from the outer cell envelope membrane. One of the major ghost membrane proteins,
      II, is partially digested by trypsin, and it is shown that its trypsin sensitive
      part is also exposed only at the outer surface of the ghost membrane. Native
      cells could be oxidized only with low yields of "oxidation containers." However,
      cell envelopes prepared without detergents or chelating agents, as well as cells
      depleted of phospholipid or treated with sucrose-Triton X-100, are completely
      accessible to oxidation. In each case, the same set of proteins as that present
      in "oxidation containers" from ghosts was found to be covalently linked.
      Treatment of cells with trypsin caused the loss of about five "oxidation
      proteins" and a complete loss of oxidizability of the ghosts derived from these
      cells. It therefore appears that arrangement and localization of the "oxidation
      proteins" are not greatly different in cells and in ghosts, i.e., that these
      proteins are also situated asymmetrically at the outer cell envelope membrane.

PMID- 1089429
TI  - Recognition of the 3' terminus of 2'-O-aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid by the
      acceptor site of ribosomal peptidyltransferase.
AB  - The interaction of the 3' terminus of 2'- and 3'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA with the
      peptidyltransferase A site of Escherichia coli ribosomes has been studied using
      the following aminoacyl oligonucleotides as models of the 3' terminus of AA-tRNA:
      C-A-Phe, C-A(2'Phe)H, C-A(2'H)Phe, C-A(2'Phe)Me, C-A(2'Me)Phe, C-A(2'Gly)H, and C
      A(2'H)Gly. The transfer of Ac-(14C)Phe from the Ac-(14C)Phe-tRNA-oly(U)-70S
      ribosome complex to puromycin (10-4 and 10-5 M) was inhibited by C-A-Phe, C
      A(2'Phe)H, C-A(2'H)Phe, C-A(2'Gly)H, and C-A(2'H)Gly. Kinetic analysis of the
      inhibition of Ac(14C)Phe-puromycin formation by C-A(2'Phe)H failed to show simple
      competitive inhibition. Binding of C-A-C-C-A-(14C)Phe to 70S ribosomes in the
      presence of an excess of deacylated tRNA was also inhibited by C-A-Phe, C
      A(2'Phe)H, C-A(2'H)Phe, C-A(2'Phe)Me, and C-A(2'Me)Phe. It appears that the
      acceptor site of peptidyltransferase can recognize the 3' terminus of either 2'-
      or 3'-O-AA-tRNA, with preference for the 2' isomer. It therefore follows that 2'
      O-AA-tRNA amy be bound to ribosomes prior to peptide bone formation and that 3'-O
      AA-tRNA, which is used exclusively by peptidyltransferase as an acceptor, is
      supplied by 2' leads to 3' transacylation occuring at the peptidyltransferase A
      site.

PMID- 1089430
TI  - Multiple forms of phosphodeoxyribomutase from Escherichia coli. Physical and
      chemical characterization.
AB  - Phosphodeoxyribomutase from Escherichia coli has been purified to homogeneity.
      Chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex revealed three peaks of enzyme activity,
      designated form I, form II, and form III. Form III could be further separated
      into form III-1 and form III-2 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The four
      different molecular forms of the enzyme thus isolated were shown not to be
      products of the column chromatography per se. The amino acid composition as well
      as the N-terminal amino acid were found to be identical for the different forms.
      Molecular weight determinations demonstrated that all four forms of the enzyme
      consist of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 45,000 plus or
      minus 1000. Measurements of partial specific volumes, sedimentation coefficients,
      and absorption coefficients for form I and form II did not reveal any
      differences. It is concluded that the multiple forms of phosphodeoxyribomutase
      are caused by modifications of the polypeptide chain. Evidence is presented that
      form II is formed in vitro from form I by deamidation. It is probable that this
      deamidation occurs in vivo also. The different forms displayed only minor changes
      with respect to KM for substrate and cofactor. Greater differences seem to exist
      among the four enzyme forms with respect to VM and to cobalt binding.

PMID- 1089431
TI  - Oxidation of methionine residues of porcine and bovine pepsins.
AB  - By treating porcine and bovine pepsins with H2O2 at pH 3.2, 3.5 of the 4
      methionine residues of porcine pepsin and 1.6 of the 3 residues of bovine pepsin
      were oxidized to methionine sulfoxide. The effect of modification on activity
      varied with the substrate. There were no significant changes in catalytic
      constants in the hydrolysis of acetyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-tyrosine by both pepsins
      and in the hydrolysis of benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamyl-L-tyrosine by porcine
      pepsin. Hydrolysis of benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutamyl-L-tyrosine by bovine pepsin
      was too slow to measure. With benzyloxycarbonyl-L-histidyl-L-phenylalanyl-L
      tryptophan ethyl ester as substrate, the modification decreased the catalytic
      efficiency (kcat/Km) by two-thirds for porcine pepsin and by half for bovine
      pepsin. With hemoglobin substrate, digestion was significantly less than with
      native pepsin for modified porcine pepsin, and slightly less for modified bovine
      pepsin. The results are interpreted as indicating the presence of a methionine
      residue that participates in the binding of long substrates, but is not close
      enough to the active site to reach short substrates. Cleavage of the modified
      pepsins with cyanogen bromide identified the methionine nearest the carboxyl
      terminus of both pepsins as a resiude that remained partially unmodified.

PMID- 1089432
TI  - Isolation and characterization of two outer membrane preparations from
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - A method was developed for releasing specifically a part of outer membrane during
      spheroplast formation. A highly purified outer membrane (outer membrane I) was
      obtained from the spheroplast medium by isopycnic sucrose gradient
      centrifugation. The remaining outer membrane (outer membrane II) and cytoplasmic
      membrane was also isolated from the spheroplasts by the isopycnic centrifugation.
      Two outer membrane preparations were different from the cytoplasmic membrane in
      protein composition, enzyme localization, phospholipid composition,
      lipopolysaccharide content and electron micrographs. Although outer membranes I
      and II were almost the same in various respects, they seemed to be different from
      each other under electron microscope and in cardiolipin content. It is suggested
      that the outer membrane I and the outer membrane II, at least a part of the outer
      membrane II, are integrated in a different fashion in the outer-most layer of
      Escherichia coli cell surface.

PMID- 1089433
TI  - Extracellular bicarbonate ions and insulin secretion.
AB  - The role of bicarbonate ions in insulin release was studied with incubated and
      perifused isolated rat islets of Langerhans. In the absence of NaHC03, the early
      phase of glucose-induced secretion was completely abolished and the second phase
      inhibited by approximately 65%. The insulinotropic effect of the sugar was
      totally restored after reintroduction of the ion in the medium. The monophasic
      secretory after reintroduction of the ion in the medium. The monophasic secretory
      response to tolbutamide was also markedly diminished by omission of NaHC03,
      WHereas the release evoked by a high concentration of K+ was very little
      affected. CO2 wwas unable to substitute for HC03minus, but small concentrations
      of the anion (3to 5mM) WEre sufficient to ensure a normal response to glucose.

PMID- 1089434
TI  - [X-ray diffraction studies of muscles].
AB  - A brief account of the modern state of X-ray diffraction studies of muscles is
      presented. Recently many investigaters payed particular attention to concrete
      changes taking place in structural-executive (protofibrillar) apparatus of
      muscles at the change of their state. The drawback of these works is the
      necessity of interpreting the data on the basis of model ideas having definite
      variability. Our studies here presented differe by the approach to the problem
      and to a certain extent by the methods applied. Our main task was to study the
      dynamics of structural changes in muscles while the latter perform their working
      function. Special attention was payed to the studies of muscles at different
      shortening eithor on living or fixed samples. The effect of some conventional
      fixators on structural parameters evaluated by X-ray analysis was studied for the
      first time. A means of stroboscopic accumulation of X-ray diffraction patterns
      for periodic fast processes was developed. One of our main tasks was to find the
      range of applicability sliding mechanism hypothesis for describing muscle
      shortening. It was observed that the sliding mechanism held true for the
      desscription of the structure of muscles shortened in a physiological range. X
      ray diffraction patterns were obtained which were different for the shortenings
      according to the sliding mechanism and those with A-disc shortening and during
      supercontraction. The limits of the sliding model were evaluated by some of these
      characteristics for muscle of different composition and properties. The problem
      of the forces realizing muscle shortening is discussed, some of the author's
      studies being taken into account. Muscle should be assessed as a complex
      heteromorph biological object and as a complex liquid crystalline system to
      create the models of its molecular structure and to elucidate the precise
      mechanism of its functional activity.

PMID- 1089435
TI  - [Focal myofibrillar disorganization in acute metabolic impairment of somatic
      musculature].
AB  - Skeletal muscles of rats and rabbits were studied by the target electron
      microscoptic and polarization-optic methods after administration of toxic
      substances and experimental acute ischemia of the extremities. Two types of foci
      of the myofibrillae disaggregation were described along with contracture
      injuries. The first occurred on the basis of relaxation and was expressed in
      total dysaggregation and lysis of myofibrillae; with the second type lysis
      occurred in the partially contracted fibers and began in the I-discs leading to
      diastasis of A-discs. The first type of the foci is characteristic chiefly of the
      white fibers, and the second one--of the red.

PMID- 1089436
TI  - [Studies on the Concanavalin A-receptors of rabbit erythrocytes and of
      erythyrocyte shadows using immunoelectron microscopy].
AB  - The authors report on the immuno electron microscopic demonstration of
      Concanavalin A-receptors on the erythrocyte membrane. Immuno freeze-etching
      studies evidenced a focal arrangement of Concanavalin A-receptors on intact
      erythrocytes as well as on erythrocyte ghosts. Obviously hemolysis by distilled
      water does not produce changes in the pattern of distribution of Concanavalin A
      receptors whereas slight aggregation of plasma membrane intramembraneous
      particles occured. No unambigous spatial relationship between Concanavalin A
      receptors and the plasma membrane intramembraneous particles (intrinsic proteins)
      of erythrocytes could be observed.

PMID- 1089437
TI  - The continent ileostomy of Kock (ileal intra-abdominal reservoir). Experience
      with 9 cases operated on for ulcerative colitis.
AB  - A series of 9 patients with ulcerative colitis undergoing proctocolectomy and
      ileal intra-adbominal reservoir is reported. Eight patients are continent and 1
      is incontinent. Early and late postoperative complications, work capacity and
      social and sexual functions are described.

PMID- 1089438
TI  - Phenol sympathectomy in the treatment of intermittent claudication: a controlled
      clinical trail.
AB  - Twenty-five patients with intermittent claudication were randomly allocated to
      treatment either by injection of phenol into the lumbar sympathetic chain or by
      injection of local anaesthetic subcutaneously. On the day after the injection,
      sympathectomy, assessed by skin temperature change, was achieved in 85 per cent
      of the phenol group. At 1 month subjective improvement was claimed by 45 per cent
      of the patients in the sympathectomized group and by 64 per cent in the control
      group; at 3 months the figures were 25 and 45 per cent respectively. Treadmill
      testing at two exercise loads showed no significant difference in claudication
      distance or stopping time between the two groups. Calf blood pressure response
      following exercise was not affected by sympathectomy. There is no subjective or
      objective evidence that phenol sympathectomy improves intermittent claudication.

PMID- 1089439
TI  - A clinical trial designed to discover if the primary treatment of varicose veins
      should be by Fegan's method or by an operation.
AB  - 1. The current practice of operating upon patients with varicose veins as the
      treatment of choice costs more than xi15 million a year. 2. The bulk of this
      expense is due to the length of time that patients are kept in the ward. If they
      were treated as outpatients, either by Fegan's method or by operation, the cost
      would be reduced to one-tenth of what is now spent. Even if the operation were
      done on a "short-stay" basis the cost would be reduced to one-third or less. 3.
      Although the long term results of Fegan's method are uncertain there is no doubt
      that it gives better immediate results than an operation. Moreover, there is no
      particular type of varicosity of shape of limb which precludes its use.

PMID- 1089440
TI  - Combined immunodeficiency disease associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency.
      Report on a workshop held in Albany, New York, October 1, 1973.
AB  - Fifty-five children with CID and known ADA status were studies at a workshop held
      in Albany, New York. Erythrocyte ADA determinations were performed in 22 of the
      55 patients, 13 of whom were ADA negative. The ADA defect appears to be
      transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. Some patients with CID and ADA
      deficiency have characteristic radiologic abnormalities of the skeleton, which
      are not found in other illnesses. The thymus glands of all patients with CID and
      ADA deficiency who could be examined have evidence of thymic involution
      manifested by presence of Hassall's corpuscles and differentiated germinal
      epithelium; this is in contrast to "classic" thymus findings in CID with normal
      ADA. Adenosine deaminase probably plays an important, although as yet undefined,
      role in lymphocyte development and/or function. The deficiency of ADA in CID is
      the first enzyme defect observed in a deficiency disease of specific immunity.

PMID- 1089441
TI  - Severe neck ulceration from cPAP head box.

PMID- 1089442
TI  - Spina bifida children attending ordinary schools.
AB  - From September 1971 to September 1973 a policy was actively followed in South
      Gloucestershire of placing spina bifida children in ordinary schools wherever
      possible. This was achieved successfully in 14 cases out of a possible 24.
      Special attention was paid to the selection of children and schools. The main
      contraindications to attendance at ordinary school were: below average
      intelligence, special perceptual problems, the need for intensive physiotherapy,
      and problem incontinence-particularly infaecal continence. Success often depended
      on special provisions-for example, transport, aids to mobility, peripatetic
      physiotherapists. Personal attendants (welfare assistants) could be allocated to
      each of the more severely handicapped children. The lack of facilities for
      handicapped pupils in comprehensive schools is a matter needing urgent review.

PMID- 1089443
TI  - Renal excretion of fluoride in renal failure and after renal transplantation.
AB  - We have compared the renal excretion of fluoride in a variety of patients with
      chronic renal failure maintained with and without protein restriction before and
      during regular dialysis treatment and after transplantation. The patients tended
      to continue to excrete normal dietary loads of fluoride quite well until renal
      function was seriously reduced. From a regression of function on excretion the
      mean level of creatinine clearance when a normal dietary load of fluoride 0.0526
      plus or minus 0.019 mmol/2 h (1.0 plus or minus 0.36 mg/24h) has a 90% chance of
      being excreted lies around 16 ml/min, a level when most patients with renal
      failure will be symptomatic. Acute loading of such patients with additional
      fluoride in the form of sodium fluoride from 40 mg to 60 mg/day showed a twofold
      to threefold increase of serum fluoride concentrations, slight increases in
      urinary fluoride excretion, and heavy tissue absorption, suggesting that prior
      fluoride loading of the skeleton had not taken place. These effects contrasted
      with those in one patient with normal renal function and with those in one
      patient with skeletal saturation due to prolonged loading. After renal
      transplantation fluoride excretion increased but reached normal levels within
      three months of satisfactory function, suggesting that fluoride loading in renal
      failure and during regular dialysis therapy had not been excessive.

PMID- 1089444
TI  - Some observations on the management of the child with a spina bifida.

PMID- 1089445
TI  - Pituitary sensitivity to 50 micro g LH/FSH-RH in subjects with anorexia nervosa
      in acute and recovery stages.
AB  - Gonadotrophic output was measured in response to a 50-mug dose of luteinizing
      hormone/follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH) in subjects
      with anorexia nervosa. A diminished response was found in subjects of low body
      weight, and in some a response occurred with increments of plasma FSH greater
      than those of LH. With restoration of body weight the response to the releasing
      factor was similar to that usually observed in healthy men and women.

PMID- 1089446
TI  - Effect of different doses of chlorthalidone on blood pressure, serum potassium,
      and serum urate.
AB  - Chlorthalidone given to 40 hypertensive women significantly decreased blood
      pressure and serum potassium levels and increased the serum urate concentration. 
      There were no individual correlations between the reduction in blood pressure and
      the decrease in serum potassium or the increase in serum urate.  A reduction in
      dosage from 50 mg daily to 50 mg three times a week produced no significant
      changes in the diastolic or mean blood pressures though the systolic blood
      pressure was moderately increased.  Concomitantly, serum potassium increased and
      serum urate decreased significantly on the lower chlorthalidone dose.  We
      conclude that high doses of oral diuretics compared with lower ones are of
      limited further benefit and may increase the risk of clinically significant
      hypokalaemia and hyperuricaemia.

PMID- 1089447
TI  - A. Clifford Morson O.B.E., F.R.C.S.

PMID- 1089448
TI  - P. Stocks C.M.G., M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P., D.P.H.

PMID- 1089449
TI  - Editorial: A fair deal for patients with renal failure.

PMID- 1089450
TI  - The shortage of organs for clinical transplantation: document for discussion.

PMID- 1089451
TI  - A. Wilfrid Adams.

PMID- 1089452
TI  - Sir Aubrey Lewis.

PMID- 1089453
TI  - Letter: Kilopascals. Control of oral contraceptive clinical trails.

PMID- 1089454
TI  - N.B. Capon.

PMID- 1089455
TI  - Brain stem reticular units: some properties of the course and origin of the
      ascending trajectory.
AB  - Experiments were conducted in acutely prepared cats anesthetized with halothane
      nitrous oxide. Single units were recorded in the mesencephalic and rostral
      rhombencephalic reticular core, and their ascending axons were stimulated in the
      mesencephalon, diencephalon, and telencephalon. The locations of stimulation and
      recording sites were determined by histological examination of the brains.
      Antidromic spikes were elicited by electrodes with a stimulus spread of
      approximately 300 mum and were collided with spontaneous (orthodromic) spikes to
      confirm antidromicity. Projecting axons were found to be scattered diffusely in
      the central mesencephalon in both the tegmentum and tectum. At the
      mesodiencephalic junction, the dorsal extent of the pathway lay in the posterior
      commissure and the ventral extent in the substantia nigra. More rostrally, a
      ventral group of axons was found in or near the supraoptic nucleus in the
      hypothalamus, and near the floor of the forebrain in the basal telencephalon. In
      agreement with previous reports, a dorsal component was located in the medial
      thalamus, most often in the nucleus centralis lateralis. The conduction velocity
      of each axon was determined, and they suggest a wide range of axon size in the
      ascending pathways. There may be a slight predominance of smaller fibers in the
      dorsal component and of larger fibers in the ventral component; however, all
      parts of the pathways were relatively heterogenous. The units from which
      projecting axons arose were found in the rostral rhombencephalon, and no units
      sending their axons along the restricted pathways investigated were identified
      rostral or caudal to this region. However, no conclusion is drawn concerning
      units within the region extending from 0.0 to 0.6 mm of the midline or other
      brain stem regions known to be monoamine-rich and to have ascending axons; these
      cellular populations were not examined.

PMID- 1089456
TI  - Peroxidase labeling of motor cortex neurons projecting to the ventrolateral
      nucleus in the cat.

PMID- 1089457
TI  - Identification of corticotectal cells of the visual cortex of cats by means of
      horseradish peroxidase.

PMID- 1089458
TI  - Rostral projections from the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus.
AB  - The response of neurones in the medial basal hypothalamus to electrical
      stimulation in the suprachiasmatic/preoptic region has been studied in rats
      anaesthetised with urethane. Neurones in the hypothalamic arcuate,
      periventricular, ventromedial and dorsal premammillary nuclei were antidromically
      activated by the stimulation showing that such cells send processes in rostral
      direction outside the median eminence. Tuberoinfundibular and rostrally
      projecting units were found interspersed in the "hypophysiotrophic" area.

PMID- 1089459
TI  - Autoradiography of specimens for electron microscopy - presentation of a method
      with special remarks on the use of samples from the nervous system.

PMID- 1089460
TI  - The fine structural localization of glutamate decarboxylase in developing axonal
      processes and presynaptic terminals of rodent cerebellum.
AB  - The immunocytochemical localization of L-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), the
      enzyme which which forms gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), has been studied in
      developing rodent cerebellum. During the first 3-4 postnatal days, GAD is
      distributed along non-terminal portions of axonal processes in close association
      with small vesicles. Some of the axonal processes emanate from profiles which
      resemble growth cone varicosities, and are presumed to be foliopodia which extend
      distally from axonal growth regions. At the end of the first postnatal week the
      GAD-containing axonal processes are seen to form protosynaptic contacts, and GAD
      is localized around synaptic vesicles and at presynaptic junctional membranes.
      During the second and third postnatal weeks GAD gradually becomes localized to
      mature synaptic terminals in association with synaptic vesicle, mitochondrial,
      and presynaptic junctional membranes. The results suggest that GAD is present in
      growing neurites in close association with small vesicles prior to the time the
      neurites make protosynaptic contacts, and that differentiation of these contacts
      results in a sequestering of GAD into synaptic terminals.

PMID- 1089461
TI  - Clinical and clinico-pathological effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin in mature
      cattle.
AB  - The effects of intravenous administration of Escherichia coli endotoxin were
      studied in eight mature lactating cows. Three cows were studied following
      intrammary infection with E. coli. Significant clinical findings are presented.
      Significant clinico-pathological findings include leukopenia, decreased blood
      serum calcium concentrations and increased levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic
      transaminase and serum ornithine-carbamyl transferase. Significant elevations of
      plasma corticosteroids were also noted.

PMID- 1089462
TI  - The effect of antisera on porcine enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in ligated
      segments of pig intestine.
AB  - Nineteen antisera produced in pigs against 14 enteropathogenic and five
      nonenterotoxigenic porcine strains of Escherichia coli were tested for their
      ability to inhibit gut loop fluid accumulation induced by homologous and
      heterologous organisms. In addition, four antisera produced in pigs by an
      intensive series of intravenous inoculations and three by a less intensive series
      of intramuscular injections of a polyvalent E. coli vaccine were evaluated.
      Antisera were also produced in rabbits against eight strains of porcine
      enteropathogens and tested in pig gut loops. Fluid inhibiting activity was
      detected in prevaccinal sera of pigs but not of rabbits. This activity was
      significantly increased following immunization. When single strains of E. coli
      were used for immunization the activity of the antisera against heterologous
      organisms varied considerably from one test strain to another and was usually
      much less than that against the homologous organism. The activity against
      heterologous organisms could not be associated with relatedness of the O, K and H
      antigens of the vaccine and the test strains. Antisera produced against a vaccine
      made by combining three strains were shown to exert inhibitory effects on
      heterologous organisms similar to those against homologous organisms.
      Considerably less activity against homologous and heterologous organisms was
      present in antisera produced by the series of intramuscular compared with the
      series of intravenous injections.

PMID- 1089463
TI  - A mixed bacterial population in a continuous culture with and without kaolinite.
AB  - Chromobacterium lividum and a Pseudomonas sp. were grown in pure and mixed
      continuous culture with and without the clay-mineral, kaolinite. Irrespective of
      the growth conditions, C. lividum adhered to the wall of the culture vessel
      whereas the Pseudomonas sp. showed no such tendency, at least visually. During
      mixed culture studies, the organism which was initially established in the
      culture dominated. The ratio between C. lividum and the Pseudomonas sp. was about
      20:1 when C. lividum was first established and 1:2 when the Pseudomonas sp. was
      first grown. The indirect fluorescent antibody technique provided a rapid method
      for differentiating the mixed cultures when the bacterial concentration was
      sufficient for microscopic analysis. During both pure and mixed continuous
      culture studies, the addition of kaolinite reduced the C. lividum but not the
      Pseudomonas sp. population.

PMID- 1089464
TI  - Photomicrography of nalidixic acid treated Hyphomicrobium neptunium: inhibition
      of bud formation and bud separation.

PMID- 1089465
TI  - Letter: Acute rheumatic fever.

PMID- 1089466
TI  - Massive pulmonary gangrene: a severe complication of Klebsiella pneumonia.
AB  - SUMMARY: Massive pulmonary gangrene developed in two patients. Review of the
      literature reveals 10 other case reports of pulmonary gangrene complicating lobar
      pneumonia. Among the total of 12 patients whose cases have now been reported, all
      4 patients who were treated nonsurgically died and the 8 who underwent surgical
      resection of the gangrenous lung survived. The present report emphasizes the
      necessity of early recognition and appropriate surgical treatment for a
      successful outcome.

PMID- 1089467
TI  - Letter: Marfan's syndrome and Sherlock Holmes.

PMID- 1089468
TI  - Pathogenesis of human cholesterol cholelithiasis.
AB  - The pathogenesis of cholesterol cholelithiasis in humans has been studied by
      means of three techniques. The cholesterol-solubilizing capacity of bile may be
      determined by estimation of the relative composition of the three major lipid
      constituents of bile. Consistent reduction in the cholesterol-carrying capacity
      of gallbladder bile of persons with gallstones when compared with normal subjects
      has not been shown. Normal subjects frequently have supersaturated bile.
      Secretion rates of biliary lipids have been estimated by two methods; with the
      method that appears to be more physiologic no change in lipid secretion rates was
      found in gallstone patients. Bile acid pool size has been measured by isotope
      dilution techniques; it is reduced in patients with gallstones. It is not clear
      whether this reduction is important in the pathogenesis of cholesterol
      cholelithiasis, for the bile acid secretion rate is normal because of an
      increased rate of cycling of the pool through the enterohepatic circulation. The
      role of the gallbladder in the genesis of cholesterol cholelithiasis may be more
      important than has been realized.

PMID- 1089469
TI  - The central nervous system in childhood leukemia. II. Subacute
      leukoencephalopathy.
AB  - A study was performed to evaluate the clinical and histopathologic
      characteristics of a distinctive degenerative lesion within the central nervous
      system (CNS) of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Of the 231
      patients in this study, 13 were found to have specific degenerative changes in
      telencephalic white matter. Morphologically, the principal changes consisted of
      diffuse reactive astrocytosis and multiple, noninflammatory necrotic foci, often
      containing varying amount of mineralized cellular debris. Clinical features
      common to all patients with this leukoencephalopathy were: 1) cranial irradiation
      of 2000 rads or more and 2) methotrexate administered systemically after
      irradiation. Comparison of selected clinical features of patients with and
      without leukoencephalopathy showed that methotrexate administered intravenously
      after a cumulative dose of CNS irradiation of 2000 rads or more can result in
      degeneration of CNS white matter in patients with ALL. Age at time of
      irradiation, bacterial infections, nutrition, and CNS leukemia were not causally
      related to the development of this disease. This study suggests that
      chemotherapeutic agents may diffuse through the blood-brain barrier following CNS
      irradiation of 2000 rads or more.

PMID- 1089470
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: patterns of relapse from complete remission after
      combination chemotherapy.
AB  - An analysis of patterns of relapse from complete remission in patients with non
      Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with combination chemotherapy has demonstrated
      differences between histologic subgroups. Patients with diffuse histiocytic
      lymphoma who achieved a histologically proven complete remission after 6 months
      of treatment without maintenance have remained disease-free whereas those with
      nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic and diffuse well-differentiated
      lymphocytic lymphomas have demonstrated a pattern of continuous late recurrence.
      The initial sites of relapse from complete remission in lymphocytic lymphoma were
      lymph nodes and bone marrow which were involved prior to treatment. Aggressive
      attempts at remission induction appear warranted in patients with diffuse
      histiocytic lymphoma because of the potential for extended disease-free survival.
      Patients with nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma may benefit from
      the use of maintenance chemotherapy, or radiotherapy to regions of previously
      known involvement after initiation of remission with chemotherapy.

PMID- 1089471
TI  - An historical note on tumor transplantation in man.

PMID- 1089472
TI  - Dr. Sidney Farber.

PMID- 1089473
TI  - Pediatric cancer in perspective: cure is not enough.

PMID- 1089474
TI  - The role of chemotherapy in the management of soft tissue sarcomas.
AB  - Prior to the use of chemotherapy, survival for rhabdomyosarcoma which had been
      completely resected was 50-60%. A controled study done by Children's Cancer Study
      Group showed the effectiveness of combined chemotherapy used as part of primary
      therapy in similar patients. Children who received actinomycin D (Act D) and
      vincristine (Vcr) for 1 year after surgery and radiotherapy had a lower
      metastatic rate than those who received none. This combination resulted in an 89%
      survival in patients with localized disease which was surgically resectable.
      Patients with microscopic residual disease had a 91% survival. With more
      aggressive use of combined chemotherapy, experience has accumulated demonstrating
      improved response and survival in both localized and gross residual disease.
      Combinations of Act D, Vcr, and cyclophosphamide can reduce initial tumor size,
      making large tumor masses more amenable to surgery and radiotherapy. Currently,
      an intergroup study is testing the response to four different drug combinations
      and the duration of therapy needed for various stages of the disease.

PMID- 1089475
TI  - Role of therapeutic radiology in cancer of bone.
AB  - Management of patients with Ewing's sarcoma has been discussed with reference to
      the need to achieve an excellent local result from radiation therapy now that
      patients are experiencing long-term survival. The technique of biopsy is
      important: small scar; located within treatment portal; positioning such that
      there is a good connective tissue bed (e.g. not immediately overlying bone);
      tissue obtained from soft tissue component and no cortical bone removed.
      Radiation therapy technique is based upon: special shaping of the irradiated
      volume to correspond to estimate distribution of tumor; distribution of dose in
      accordance with tumor cell number (progressive field reduction); precision setup
      of patient each day; and high total dose (6000-6600 rads in 6-6.6 weeks). This
      treatment is to be given in combination with multidrug multicycle chemotherapy.
      For osteosarcoma, special attention was given to lesions of mandible, where
      preoperative irradiation and hemimandibulectomy appears to be much more effective
      than surgery alone.

PMID- 1089476
TI  - Treatment of lymphoma.
AB  - Lymphomatous diseases (non-Hodgkin's) of children differ markedly from those of
      adults in histology, natural history, and response to therapy. Information
      obtained from treating adults with lymphoma cannot be applied to children with
      equal success; the progress in treating children has been slow. The following
      types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been distinguished in children seen at the
      M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute in the past 7 years: 1) diffuse
      undifferentiated lymphoma (Burkitt's lymphoma); 2) diffuse undifferentiated
      lymphoma (non-Burkitt's lymphoma lacking leukemic propensity); 3) diffuse poorly
      differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma (non-Burkitt's lymphoma with leukemic
      propensity (convoluted cell type); and 4) diffuse histiocytic lymphoma
      (histiocytic lymphoma). The interrelationships of age, sex, histology, and
      primary site are presented. The occurrence of mediastinal masses in non-Burkitt's
      tumor (convoluted cell type) is particularly striking. Therapeutic regimens
      designed for specific types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have improved the outcome
      of treatment in Burkitt's lymphoma, non-Burkitt's lymphoma (convoluted cell
      type), and histiocytic lymphoma (Stages I and II) as compared with treatment
      regimens used prior to 1967.

PMID- 1089477
TI  - Relationships between cell cycle duration, S-period and nuclear DNA content in
      erythroblasts of four vertebrate species.

PMID- 1089478
TI  - Duration of mitosis and separate mitotic phases compared to nuclear DNA content
      in erythroblasts of four vertebrates;.

PMID- 1089479
TI  - The beginning of the kwashiorkor story in Africa.

PMID- 1089480
TI  - Activation of lymphoid cells by BCG in vitro.

PMID- 1089481
TI  - Antigen-binding cells in central and peripheral lymphoid tissues of the rabbit.

PMID- 1089482
TI  - Cellular immune response in coccidioidomycosis.

PMID- 1089484
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Prof. T.R. Niederland, D.Sc].

PMID- 1089483
TI  - Suppression of cellular immune responses following transfer factor: report of a
      case.

PMID- 1089485
TI  - [The 70th birthday of Head Physician Jiri Hynie].

PMID- 1089486
TI  - [15 years of the Neurosurgical clinic in Prague].

PMID- 1089487
TI  - [Critical views on the stereotactic treatment of epilepsy].

PMID- 1089488
TI  - [Prof. Jan Jesensky, M.D.--sportsman].

PMID- 1089489
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Josef Kufner, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1089490
TI  - A letter from Sir James Mackenzie to Dr. Carter Smith, Sr.

PMID- 1089491
TI  - Effect of digoxin on atioventricular conduction. Studies in patients with and
      without cardiac autonomic innervation.
AB  - The effect of digoxin on atrioventricular (a-v) conduction was compared in five
      patients with an intact cardiac autonomic nervous system (Group I) and seven
      patients who had undergone cardiac transplantation (Group II), in whom we have
      previously shown the transplanted heart to be completely denervated. Small
      decreases in the atrial effective refractory period (ERP) (from 262 plus or minus
      12 to 254 plus or minus 11 msec) and atrial functional refractory period (FRP)
      (from 304 plus or minus 12 msec) were observed in Group I patients after digoxin,
      but these changes were not significant. However, significant increases in the A-V
      nodal ERP (from 315 plus or minus 18 msec to 351 plus or minus 17 msec, P less
      than 0.05), and A-V nodal FRP (from 426 plus or minus 42 to 460 plus or minus 46
      msec, P less than 0.01) were produced by digoxin and were unrelated to changes in
      cycle length. In Group II patients with denervated hearts, changes in atrial ERP
      (from 246 plus or minus 4 to 243 plus or minus 6 during spontaneous sinus rhythm;
      from 204 plus or minus 10 to 216 plus or minus 8 msec during atrial pacing) and
      atrial FRP (from 311 plus or minus 12 to 316 plus or minus 11 msec during
      spontaneous sinus rhythm; from 254 plus or minus 12 to 260 plus or minus 10 msec
      during atrial pacing) were not significant. However, in contrast to the Group I
      patients, the digoxin-induced changes in A-V nodal ERP (from 280 plus or minus 22
      to 297 plus or minus 18 msec during atrial pacing) and FRP (from 368 plus or
      minus 18 to 377 plus or minus 18 msec during spontaneous sinus rhythm; from 334
      plus or minus 13 to 346 plus or minus 16 msec during atrial pacing) were also
      statistically insignificant. Our results demonstrate that the electrophysiologic
      effects of digoxin on atrioventricular conduction in man are most marked in the
      atrioventricular node and are dependent on cardiac innervation

PMID- 1089492
TI  - The potential of phosphorescence spectrometry in clinical chemistry--the new
      generation of instrumentation and methodology.
AB  - We review recent advances in instrumentation and methodology in phosphorimetry
      that should facilitate the use of phosphorimetry for clinical analyses and recent
      phosphorescence studies of interest to the clinical chemist. We indicate recent
      advances, particularly improvements in instrumentation, novel methodologies, and
      new chemical processes that result in either an increase in sensitivity or
      selectivity (or both) of measurement of compounds of clinical importance. The
      greatest use of phosphorimetry in the clinical laboratory will not be for the
      analysis of very large numbers of samples for one species via automatic
      instrumentation, but rather will be for the analysis of those molecular species
      difficult or impossible to measure by conventional methods (colorimetry,
      fluorometry, etc.). Although various instrumental and methodological advances are
      discussed separately here, the most important use of these advances in clinical
      chemistry will undoubtedly be when two or more of them are combined, for example,
      in the use of time- or frequency-resolved phosphorimetry for the selective
      measurement of the phosphorescence resulting with inorganic probes and the
      appropriate choice of solvent and pH (of course, the instrument could contain an
      image vidicon detector for rapid determination of the spectrum, the decay curve,
      or both).

PMID- 1089493
TI  - Middle ear problems associated with cleft palate. An internationally-oriented
      review.

PMID- 1089494
TI  - Serum lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in human lung homotransplantation.

PMID- 1089495
TI  - The contributions of Persian medicine to the West.

PMID- 1089496
TI  - Benign fetal ascites associated with maternal polyhydramnios; a report of
      transitory ascites in two newborn infants.

PMID- 1089497
TI  - Candida albicans infections in hospitalized children. A survey of predisposing
      factors.

PMID- 1089498
TI  - The life table method in clinical dental research.

PMID- 1089499
TI  - Secondary amenorrhoea after oral contraceptives - treatment and follow-up.

PMID- 1089500
TI  - The biological actions of endouterine copper.

PMID- 1089501
TI  - Cenozoic - the primate episode.

PMID- 1089502
TI  - Paleoecology of the Paleocene-Eocene transition in Europe.

PMID- 1089503
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Stanislaw Bloch].

PMID- 1089504
TI  - Intramammary infections in the sow during the peripartum period.
AB  - The incidence and ype of aerobic bacteria causing intramammary infection (IMI) in
      two groups of peripartum sows were determined. The incidence of IMI in 24 sows
      near farrowing was 30.2 percent; the incidence in 16 machine-milked sows was 81.0
      percent. Numerous mixed IMI were detected. The bacterium causing most IMI was
      Staphylococcus epidermidis, followed by beta hemolytic streptococci, aslpha
      hemolytic streptococci, Escherichia coli, and diphtheroids. The beta hemolytic
      streptococci and E. coli cultures were studied in detail. The relationship of
      bacterial IMI to agalactiae toxemia is discussed.

PMID- 1089505
TI  - Surgical treatment of Candida endocarditis.
AB  - Case reports from a group of 15 patients with Candida endocarditis seen and
      treated at the Los Angeles-University of Southern California Medical Center
      between 1960 and 1974, together with a survey of other reported cases, serve to
      re-emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of this disease and lead to
      certain conclusions regarding its treatment. With medical or surgical treatment
      alone, the mortality for Candida endocarditis is 82 per cent. With surgery and
      medical treatment combined, the mortality is 20 percent. It is important to
      institute medical treatment as soon as diagnosis of Candida endocarditis is made
      and surgery must be performed as soon as possible, preferably within 24 to 48
      hours or, at most, a few days after the patient has left the hospital. Close
      observation of the patient after discharge is important.

PMID- 1089506
TI  - Increased sensitivity of regional measurements in early detection of narcotic
      lung disease.
AB  - Intravascular foreign body thromboembolism and interstitial or vascular
      granulomata in the lungs are common sequelae to intravenous drug abuse. Early
      detection of such complications is important, because of the youthful population
      often involved. Conventional pulmonary function tests, including forced
      expiratory volumes, diffusion capacity for CO (DLco), chest radiograph and
      arterial blood gas analysis were performed in 23 narcotic addicts, most of whom
      had no pulmonary symptoms. The results were compared with radionuclide pulmonary
      function studies obtained following inhalation of 133Xe gas and injection of 99
      mTc albumin microparticles. Thirteen subjects who had normal nonnuclear pulmonary
      function tests, including DLco and chest radiograph, demonstrated significant
      abnormalities of regional lung perfusion by lung scan. Of the ten subjects with
      abnormal DLco all had abnormal perfusion scans and five were noted to have
      hypoxia at rest. In addition, six of the ten subjects with abnormal DLco revealed
      a history of concomitant "solid pill abuse" along with heroin abuse, whereas only
      2 of 13 subjects with normal DLco admitted tooccasional solid pill abuse. The
      perfusion lung scan is therefore a sensitive means for detection of early lung
      disease in narcotic addicts.

PMID- 1089507
TI  - Pulmonary function studies in ex-heroin users.
AB  - Pulmonary function tests were performed on a group of 22-ex-heroin addicts with
      no known pulmonary disease or symptoms. Vital capacity and total lung capacity
      were normal in all but four patients. Only two patients had evidence of
      moderately severe airway obstruction. However, the single breath diffusing
      capacity (Dco) was significantly reduced in many of the patients and averaged 81
      percent of predicted for the entire group. Patients with most severe reduction of
      Dco also had reduction of lung volumes. In addition, six patients had increased
      lung recoil force (Pmax) and decreased lung compliance. There was no correlation
      between degree of functional impairment and duration or amount of durg use,
      incidence of overdose or intravenous injection of crushed tablets. Followup
      studies in four patients after several months on methadone maintenance showed
      improvement in lung volumes and/or Dco. Possible etiologic considerations to
      explain these abnormalities were previous subclinical pneumonias, foreign body
      granulomas, previous pulmonary edema or other direct toxic effect on
      alveolocapillary membrane as the result of use of drugs.

PMID- 1089508
TI  - The use of spontaneous ventilation with constant-positive airway pressure in the
      treatment of salt water near drowning.
AB  - Constant-positive airway pressure with spontaneous ventilation was successfully
      used in treatment of a patient who had suffered near-drowning in salt water. The
      patient was able to maintain adequate respiratory mechanics, although oxygenation
      without end-expiratory pressure was severely impaired. The rapid improvement in
      arterial oxygenation obviated the need for mechanical ventilation in this
      patient. It is suggested that the simplest modality of effective therapy should
      be used in such patients.

PMID- 1089509
TI  - [Effect of 2-deoxyglucose on the synthesis and secretion of acid phosphatase and
      mannan by yeast protoplasts].

PMID- 1089510
TI  - [New variant of sex factor F in Escherichia coli].

PMID- 1089511
TI  - [Non-enzymatic specific (codon-dependent) binding of tRNA with isolated 30S
      ribosomal subunits. Measurement of the dissociation constant of the complex].

PMID- 1089512
TI  - [Effect of the enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase in a protein-carbohydrate
      coacervate system].

PMID- 1089513
TI  - [Developmental aid should serve peace. 100th birthday of Albert Schweitzer].

PMID- 1089514
TI  - [25 years of maternal convalescence services].

PMID- 1089515
TI  - [A nurse in the French Ministry of Health (Mademoiselle Michez)].

PMID- 1089516
TI  - [Bacteriological study of redon drains in accident surgery (author's transl)].
AB  - After 'clean' operations, 121 Redon drains from 80 patients were cultured. 17.4%
      of Redon tips were contaminated, but microorganisms were found in only 7.4% of
      wound secretions aspirated from them before they were removed. Only Gram-positive
      cocci, most of them of questionable pathogenicity, were found. Although drains or
      wound secretions were found to be contaminated in 21 patients, clinical evidence
      of disturbed healing occurred in only two patients. The presence of
      microorganisms provided no pointer to later healing difficulties. Culturing Redon
      tips is, therefore not a reliable method for early recognition of wound
      infections. Antibiotics should not be used merely on evidence of bacterial
      contamination of Redon tips without any clinical signs of infection.

PMID- 1089518
TI  - [The biological effect of microwaves. Health hazards by broadcase, television and
      radar transmitter].

PMID- 1089517
TI  - [Diagnosis of consumption coagulopathy].

PMID- 1089520
TI  - [Modern therapy of colonic diseases].

PMID- 1089519
TI  - [Pathogenesis of toxin caused gastroenteritis of vibrios and coli bacteria].

PMID- 1089521
TI  - [Effect of aprotinin in acute myocardial infarction (clinical double-bind study
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In a double-bind study 164 patients with acute myocardial infarction, admitted to
      an intensive-care unit within 72 hours of infarction, were randomly treated for
      three days either with aprotinin (Trasylol-82 persons) or placebo (82 persons).
      Retrospective analysis proved both patient groups to have been comparable in all
      other respects. There was no definite influence on the course of the infarction,
      haemodynamic changes, arrythmias or mortality rate. Trasylol thus has no
      therapeutic importance in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1089522
TI  - [Clinical studies on the effect of drugs used in the treatment of angina].
AB  - The report is based on a four-centre study on 25 patients with coronary
      insufficiency (ECG signs). In random sequence the following were given to each
      patient: a nitrate (isosorbide dinitrate), carbocromene, practolol, and
      oxyphedrine. The initial criterion for inclusion was S-T depression of 0.2 mV on
      stepwise exercise (bicycle ergometry). S-T depression, systolic blood pressure
      and heart rate changes were used as criteria. For each drug there was an acute
      test and a long-term test of 12 days. The Friedman test was used for the
      statistical evaluation of the results. Isosorbide dinitrate decreased the extent
      of S-T depression in the acute tests while practolol did so in the long-term
      test. Practolol reduced systolic pressure on long-term administration, with no
      difference in the acute experiment. Heart rate was reduced by practolol both
      acutely and long-term. These results give no indication for any possible
      differential treatment of coronary insufficiency, but this may be due to the
      selection of patients in this study.

PMID- 1089523
TI  - [Clinical aspects and treatment of traumatic diaphragmatic ruptures and defects].

PMID- 1089524
TI  - [Therapy of periodic ophthalmia (moon blindness) in the horse].

PMID- 1089525
TI  - [Lamenting "moaning" in domestic cattle].

PMID- 1089526
TI  - [Total estrogen concentration in cattle blood plasma during pregnancy].

PMID- 1089527
TI  - [Post-traumatic osteosarcoma in cattle (short communication)].

PMID- 1089528
TI  - [Required standards for raw milk--free from B-streptococci].

PMID- 1089529
TI  - [Specification of exposure directions for x-ray examination in veterinary
      medicine].

PMID- 1089530
TI  - [Bacteriological findings in a small-animal operating room for the determination
      of sources of infection. Preliminary communication].

PMID- 1089531
TI  - [Tolerance of oily vitamin preparations in sheep following intramuscular
      injection].

PMID- 1089532
TI  - [Implantation of permanent cannulae in the ovine liquor system].

PMID- 1089533
TI  - [In memoriam Ewald Berge, Giessen, 15.11.1891 to 27.7.1974].

PMID- 1089534
TI  - [Sex determination test on cattle semen].

PMID- 1089535
TI  - Inhibition of glucagon and insulin secretion by somatostatin in the rat pancreas
      perfused in situ.
AB  - Perfusion of growth hormone inhibitory factor (somatostatin) into rat pancreas
      inhibited secretion of glucagon and insulin into medium containing 5.5 mM
      glucose. A 15-min infusion of arginine (20 mM) greatly increased glucagon and
      insulin secretion. When perfused simultaneously with arginine, somatostatin (55
      nM) abolished the increase in glucagon secretion. The acute phase of insulin
      secretion in response to arginine was attenuated by somatostatin, and subsequent
      secretion was decreased to control levels. Pretreatment for 5 min with
      somatostatin blocked even acute-phase insulin secretion in response to arginine.
      Somatostatin did not affect basal or glucose-stimulated secretion of insulin from
      rat pancreatic islets isolated by the collagenase technique. Arginine-stimulated
      secretion of insulin was enhanced by somatostatin in isolated islets. These
      results demonstrate a direct effect of somatostatin on the pancreas to inhibit
      secretion of glucagon and insulin. The failure of somatostatin to inhibit insulin
      secretion in pancreatic islets may be due to alterations in the beta cells
      produced by the isolation procedure. It is also possible that the effect of
      somatostatin on insulin secretion may be mediated indirectly.

PMID- 1089536
TI  - Subcellular localization of LH releasing activity in the rat hypothalamus.
AB  - Separation of particulate fractions associated with LH releasing activity has
      been effected by differential centrifugation followed by sucrose density gradient
      centrifugation. The fractions were monitored for LH releasing activity by an in
      vitro incubation with rat pituitaries and for subcellular organelles by electron
      microscopy. LH released into the incubation medium and contained in the
      pituitaries was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). After differential
      centrifugation only the "crude mitochondrial fraction" caused an increase of LH
      release accompanied by a depletion of pituitary LH and a rise in total LH.
      Further fractionation of this pellet on a discontinuous sucrose gradient resulted
      in three opaque bands and three clear areas which were removed as sic fractions.
      Only one fraction, not associated with myelin, synaptosomes, or mitochondria,
      caused an increase in LH release and total LH while pituitary LH remained
      unchanged. This fraction appears to be predominantly composed of electron dense
      vesicles of varying sizes. Also of interest is another fraction which decreased
      LH release and was again not associated with myelin, synaptosomes, or
      mitochondria. The decreased release was associated with an increased pituitary LH
      while total LH remained unchanged. Of the six subcellular fractions obtained from
      the "crude mitochondrial pellet" only these two caused significant changes in LH
      release. Two other neural tissues, the cerebellum and cerebral cortex, were
      similarly processed. None of these subcellular fractions significantly altered LH
      release and/or synthesis.

PMID- 1089537
TI  - Effects of cervical stimulation and anti-LH releasing hormone serum on LH
      releasing hormone content in the hypothalamus.
AB  - Hypothalamic content of LHRH was radioimmunoassayed after cervical stimulation on
      the morning of day of estrus' LHRH content rose 3-fold by 120 min after the
      stimulation, reaching a level equivalent to that of day 5 of pseudopregnancy. The
      increase was not steady as there were two early periods when the content did not
      increase. Measurement of pituitary LH content revealed a marked increase followed
      by a sudden decrease which corresponded respectively to the two periods when LHRH
      levels failed ro tise. These changes in pituitary LH level suggest that both the
      synthesis and release of LH in the pituitary are promoted by the action of LHRH
      released from the hypothalamus. LH changes in the pituitary were abolished iv
      injection of 2 ml LHRH antiserum at the time of cervical stimulation, but
      pseudopregnancy was still induced and diestrus prolonged 4 days longer than in
      the control group. Progestin concentrations in ovarian vein blood were comparable
      between anti-LHRH-treated and control groups. These results suggest that the LH
      released by cervical stimulation is dispensable for the induction of
      pseudopregnancy. The marked elevation of LHRH in the hypothalamus observed
      immediately after cervical stimulation must be related to the regulatory
      mechanism of the characteristic secretory pattern of LH during the period of
      pseudopregnancy.

PMID- 1089538
TI  - Hypothalamic control of the pituitary-testicular relation in fetal rats:
      measurement of collective volume of Leydig cells.
AB  - On the 20th day of gestation in pregnant rats, the male fetuses were subjected to
      surgical hypophysectomy by decapitation or to intracranial paraffin injection
      which compressed the fetal brain. Autopsy was done on the 22nd day of gestation.
      The collective volume of Leydig cells in the left fetal testis was estimated by
      Chalkley's method. Decapitation of a fetus caused a significant retardation in
      increase of the collective volume of Leydig cells 2 days later. In fetuses given
      an intracranial paraffin injection, the Leydig cell volume was increased
      significantly compared with normal fetuses on the 20th day of gestation but was
      far smaller than that in their intact littermates. This effect of paraffin
      compression was completely prevented by injections of LRH. The Leydig cell volume
      remained extremely small in decapitated fetuses given LRH. The observations
      suggest that in the male rat the hypothalamus begins to govern a pituitary
      gonadotropic function before birth.

PMID- 1089539
TI  - Absence of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) from catecholaminergic
      neurons.
AB  - 6-Hydroxy-dopamine was administered into the third ventricle of adult male rats.
      After 2 successive 250 mug doses of 6-OH-dopamine, the levels of norepinephrine
      and dopamine in the median eminence and arcuate nucleus fell to 15-20% of the
      control value. The amount of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) in
      these same hypothalamic areas, however, was unchanged. It is concluded that LH-RH
      containing cells are distinct from catecholaminergic neurons.

PMID- 1089540
TI  - Purification and characterization of 30-S ribosomal proteins from Bacillus
      stearothermophilus.
AB  - Twenty-three proteins were identified by two-dimensional eletrophoresis on
      polyacrylamide-gel slabs in the 30-S ribosomal subunit of Bacillus
      stearothermophilus strain 799. They were designated as B-S1 through B-S21, B-Sa
      and B-Sb and purified on carboxymethyl-cellulose and Sephadex G100 in the
      presence of 6 M urea. Their molecular weight was estimated by dodecyl-sulfate-gel
      electrophoresis and their amino acid composition was determined after acid
      hydrolysis. Results obtained for the individual proteins were essentially similar
      to those for Escherichia coli 30-S proteins with some characteristic differences.

PMID- 1089541
TI  - Somatic antigen of Shigella dysenteriae type 3. Structural features of specific
      polysaccharide chain.
AB  - On mild acid hydrolysis of lipolysaccharide from Shigella dysenteriae type 3 the
      O-specific polysaccharide (hapten) was obtained which appeared to be acidic
      branched hexosaminoglycan. The repeating unit of this polysaccharide represents a
      pentasaccharide composed of two D-galactose residues, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, D
      glucose and unidentified acidic component. On the basis of methylation analysis,
      periodate oxidation, partial acid hydrolysis and chromic anhydride oxidation it
      is concluded that the structure of the chemical repeating unit of polysaccharide
      is (see article) where Glcp is glucopyranose, Galp is galactopyranose, Galf is
      galactofuranose, GalNAcp is 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactopyranose and where the
      configuration of galactofuranoside glycosidic linkage and the structure of the
      acidic monosaccharide A are not known.

PMID- 1089542
TI  - The distribution of actin in non-muscle cells. The use of actin antibody in the
      localization of actin within the microfilament bundles of mouse 3T3 cells.

PMID- 1089543
TI  - Chromatin template activity during aging in WI38 cells.

PMID- 1089544
TI  - Increased fusion frequency of Aspergillus nidulans protoplasts.

PMID- 1089545
TI  - Inhibition of macromolecular synthesis in the malarial parasites by inhibitors of
      proteolytic enzymes.

PMID- 1089546
TI  - Difference in mechanical properties of adjacent sarcomeres in single striated
      muscle fibres of the horseshoe crab (Tachypleus gigas).

PMID- 1089547
TI  - Calcium in myonuclei: electron microprobe X-ray analysis.

PMID- 1089548
TI  - Glucose uptake by Aspergillus nidulans, purification and properties of glucose
      binding protein.

PMID- 1089549
TI  - Lateral hypothalamic self-stimulation and post-stimulation eating.

PMID- 1089550
TI  - Rapid appearance of histamine hypersensitivity in mice by minute dose of
      endotoxins.

PMID- 1089551
TI  - In vivo mutagenic interaction of nitrite and ethylenethiourea.

PMID- 1089552
TI  - Isolation of highly purified glomerular complexes from rabbit cerebellum.

PMID- 1089553
TI  - Tissue typing by skin grafting during metamorphosis of the toad Xenopus laevis
      (Daudin).

PMID- 1089554
TI  - Simplifications to substrate preparation for the cultivation of dissociated nerve
      cells.

PMID- 1089555
TI  - A simple method of studying the effects of drugs and cytotoxic agents at the
      ultrastructural level.

PMID- 1089556
TI  - Clinical evaluation of ceruminolytic agents.

PMID- 1089557
TI  - [A new method of evaluating the activity of cholagogues in mice].

PMID- 1089558
TI  - [The mechanism of the antinatriuretic and antidiuretic effect of acetylcholine].

PMID- 1089559
TI  - Reaction of cyanide with cytochrome d in respiratory particles from exponential
      phase Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1089560
TI  - Identification of neighbouring proteins in the 30 S ribosomes of E. coli.

PMID- 1089561
TI  - Enzymic polynucleotide synthesis primed by polyvinylalcohol linked
      oligothymidylate.

PMID- 1089562
TI  - A method of distinguishing between aspartic acid and asparagine and between
      glutamic acid and glutamine during sequence analysis by the dansyl-Edman
      procedure.

PMID- 1089563
TI  - Mapping of yeast tRNAs by two-dimensional electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels.

PMID- 1089564
TI  - Studies of enzymatic degradation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone by
      different tissues.

PMID- 1089565
TI  - Localization of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase initiation sites in T7 DNA early
      promoter region.

PMID- 1089566
TI  - Fluorescence studies of phosphoribosyladenosine triphosphate synthetase of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1089567
TI  - Fluorescence study of S4 and S7 ribosomal proteins complexed to 16 S RNA.

PMID- 1089568
TI  - Childhood mortality, family size and birth order in pre-industrial Europe.
AB  - Based on parish registers, demographic histories of Crulai (France), Tourouvre-au
      Perche (France), and Geneva (Swizertland) established the childhood mortality
      experienced by complete sibships during periods of at least half a century before
      the Fench revolution. These observations may be presented as frequenceis in
      incomplete five-dimensional contingency tables. The five dimensions are: survival
      (living or dead), completed sibship size, birth order, type of family (according
      to completeness of information about family), and epoch (period in which the
      family lived). This paper reanalyzes these published data, using hierarchical log
      linear models to discern which interations among the five variables can
      justifiably be inferred from the data. The neonatal and infant mortality rates of
      firstborn are probably higher than those of later sibs (in Crulai and Tourouvre).
      But mortality by age 20 (in Geneva) is associated strongly with the epoch, type
      of family, and family size, and not significantly with birth order. The increase
      in mortality with completed family size is insufficient to select, in an
      evolutionary sense, for limited family size.

PMID- 1089569
TI  - Better to have run and won.

PMID- 1089570
TI  - Simplified technic for jacket crown impressions.

PMID- 1089571
TI  - IUDs reassessed--a decade of experience.

PMID- 1089572
TI  - Vasectomy--what are the problems?

PMID- 1089573
TI  - Vaginal contraceptives--a time for reappraisal?

PMID- 1089574
TI  - Production of congenital malformations using tissue antisera.

PMID- 1089575
TI  - Structure of the gastric mucosa in acute infectious bacterial gastroenteritis.
AB  - It is now well documented that a characteristic mucosal lesion of the proximal
      small intestine is present in acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis. To determine
      whether a gastric mucosal lesion also accompanies this illness, stool filtrate
      containing Norwalk agent was given orally to 15 volunteers after base line
      biopsies of gastric fundal and/or antral mucosa had been obtained. Gastric fundal
      and/or antral biopsies were then obtained serially between 24 and 168 hr after
      administration of the inoculum. Nine volunteers developed symptoms of
      gastroenteritis. gastric biopsies from those with normal base line fundal and/or
      antral biopsies remained normal during and after clinical illness. Those
      volunteers who had mild to moderate gastritis in their base line biopsies showed
      persistence but no progression of the lesion during illness. In 4 of the
      volunteers who became ill, intestinal biopsies were available and showed the
      typical gastroenteritis lesion. These results indicate that acute infectious
      nonbacterial gastroenteritis induced by Norwalk agent is not associated with
      histologically detectable gastric mucosal lesion.

PMID- 1089576
TI  - A rapid pull-through technique for measuring lower esophageal sphincter pressure.
AB  - Because disadvantages are inherent in the conventional station pull-through
      technique (SPT) currently used for recording lower esophageal sphincter pressure
      (LESP), a more suitable recording method is needed. In study, we evaluated a
      rapid pull-through technique (RPT) for recording LESP and compared the results
      with those obtained by SPT. The RPT features rapid withdrawal of recording
      sensors across the LES during a 10- to 20-sec interval of suspended respiration.
      This method avoids recording "artifact" caused by respiratory LES motion and
      provides precise end points for scoring and measurement. In 12 normal subjects,
      LESP measured by RPT (24.3 plus or minus 0.5 mm Hg) was comparable, but
      significantly greater, than LESP measured by SPT (21.1 plus or minus 9.1 mm Hg).
      Analysis of LESP scores for the two recording methods revealed that both
      intraobserver and interobserver error were substantially less for RPT than SPT (P
      less than or equal to 0.01). Further correlation of LESP between studies was
      greater for the RPT than the SPT recording method. We conclude that RPT
      represents a convenient method for recording LESP which is easier to perform and
      yields more reproducible values than LESP recording by SPT.

PMID- 1089577
TI  - Effect of glucagon on meal-induced gastric secretion in man.
AB  - The effect of glucagon on gastric acid and pepsin secretion, basal or stimulated
      by a meal, pentagastrin and histamine, was studied in duodenal ulcer patients.
      Intravenous glucagon infused in graded doses ranging from 6.2 to 50 mug per kg-hr
      produced a dose-related inhibition of pentagastrin-induced acid secretion
      reaching about 40% of the control level at the dose of 50 mug per kg-hr. Acid
      inhibition was paralleled by a decrease in the pepsin output and serum calcium
      level and was accompanied by a rise in the blood glucose concentration. Glucagon
      used in a standard dose of 25 mug per kg-hr produced about 50% inhibition of acid
      secretion induced by a meal (measured by intragastric titration) accompanied by a
      significant decrease in the serum gastrin level measured by radioimmunoassay.
      Histamine-induced secretion was only slightly inhibited by glucagon, and the
      degree of inhibition for acid (25%) and pepsin (20%) secretion was statistically
      insignificant.

PMID- 1089578
TI  - Letter: Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP): a potent stimulator of insulin
      release.

PMID- 1089579
TI  - [In memory of Aleksei Zakharovich Belousov].

PMID- 1089580
TI  - [In memory of Vladimir Aleksandrovich Iakovenko].

PMID- 1089581
TI  - [Soviet medics in the Second World War].

PMID- 1089582
TI  - [A. P. Dobroslavin and sanitary provisions of the Russo-Turkish War, 1877--1878].

PMID- 1089583
TI  - [The history of health studies of workers in the Urals during the capitalistic
      period (1861--1917)].

PMID- 1089584
TI  - [Carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds. Health aspects].

PMID- 1089585
TI  - [In memory of Imant Petrovich Maripuu].

PMID- 1089586
TI  - [Immunological cellular reaction in patients with malignancy].

PMID- 1089587
TI  - [Editorial: Somatostatin].

PMID- 1089588
TI  - [Ophthalmology in the Talmudic period. I. Anatomy and physiology of the visual
      system].

PMID- 1089589
TI  - [The late Prof. J. Landau].

PMID- 1089590
TI  - [The late Dr. S. Btesh].

PMID- 1089591
TI  - Building savings into health care facilities.

PMID- 1089592
TI  - Better care aim of dialysis network.

PMID- 1089593
TI  - From poor beginnings, the growth of primary care.

PMID- 1089594
TI  - Who needs ambulatory care?

PMID- 1089595
TI  - Ambulatory care: the center of the system.  Toward economic self-sufficiency.

PMID- 1089596
TI  - Ambulatory care: the center of the system.  From clinic to group practice.

PMID- 1089597
TI  - Pathogenesis of Salmonella-associated arithritis in the rat.
AB  - The distribution of joint lesions in rats with Salmonella-associated arthritis
      (SSA), as determined in a detailed survey, resembles to a great extent the
      pattern of small joint involvement in human rheumatoid arthritis. Such lesions,
      though regularly induced in the rat by the intravenous injection of live
      S.enteritidis, could not be evoked by the heat-killed organisms injected by
      various routes with and without extrinsic adjuvants. Efforts to transfer SAA from
      sensitized donors to either normal or primed recipients, employing lymphoid ce-ls
      from several sources, also failed repeatedly. Two observations, however,
      virtually exclude the possibility that joint damage in SAA can be the direct
      result of sustained intra-articular sepsis. First, the inoculation of as many as
      10-3 viable inflammation. Second, the incidence of SAA was significantly lower in
      weanling rats in the adult controls although the growth and distribution of
      intravenously injected S. enteritidis was virtually identical in the two groups.
      Together these observations indicate that the joint damage occurring in SAA is
      determined by the host and not by the infecting organism. From this, it seems
      fair to conclude that the destructive arthritis characteristic of this syndrome
      is immunologically mediated.

PMID- 1089598
TI  - Isolation of mitogenic and adjuvant active fractions from various species of
      Nocardiae.
AB  - Delipidated lysozyme digests of Nocardia opaca, N. corallina, and N. rubra have
      been fractionated by Sephadex filtration. The mitogenic and adjuvant activities
      of the fractions thus obtained have been investigated. All fractions are
      mitogenic except the last fraction of N.rubra, but the N. opaca products induce a
      stronger stimulation of mouse spleen lymphocytes than the corresponding fractions
      of the two other species. The activity of the first Sephadex fractions of each
      strain has been compared to other mitogens (concanavalin A, lipopolysaccharide).
      All fractions are adjuvant, although one of them, the last Sephadex fraction of
      N. rubra, does not contain peptidoglycan; its activity must thus be attributed to
      another kind of molecule. Fractionation of the first Sephadex fraction of N.
      opaca by centrifugation in glacial acetic acid led to a separation of adjuvant
      and mitogenic activities.

PMID- 1089599
TI  - Deregulation of mouse antibody-forming cells in vivo in cell culture by
      streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin.
AB  - An unregulated, elevated rebound of antibody levels in rabbits was shown to
      follow late (10 to 15 days) after steptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE)-induced
      immunosuppression. Because of that result we have suggested that SPE acts by
      preferentially inhibiting a regulatory cell which normally limits the extent of
      full expression of antibody formation by B-cells. We are currently testing this
      hypothesis in mice. NIH (Swiss Webster) mice (+/+) or NIH (Swiss Webster) mice
      heterozygous (+/nu) for the mutant athymic nude gene and phenotypically normal
      showed an elevated plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep erythrocytes (SE)
      late (10 to 15 days) after immunosuppressive SPE treatment similar to that
      described in rabbits. Homozygous nude mice (nu/nu) that are phenotypically
      athymic normally show a reduced early (4 day) PFC response to SE (a T-cell
      dependent antigen) as compared with +/nu littermates or +/+ parent strain mice.
      This cryptic early 4-day response was improved by injection of purified endotoxin
      (a B-cell mitogen), but these relatively elevated nude PFC responses had
      decreased to normal control (SE only)nude PFC levels before 10 days. In similar
      SE-injected nude mice treated instead with SPE, no elevation at 4 days was
      observed and, more pertinently, the late (10 to 15 day) elevated rebound of PFC
      levels observed in normal response controls (+/nu or +/+) was not observed.
      Similar experiments were subsequently conducted in Marbrook-type spleen PFC
      cultures during periods of 12 days. The results of these experiments paralleled
      the in vivo results above, and in addition showed that SPE induced a large
      proliferation of either +/+ or +/nu cells (T-and B-cells) in culture but had no
      such effect on nu/nu cells (B-cells) in culture. Purified endotoxin, the Bcell
      mitogen, had a better sparing effect on nu/nu cells in this respect. These
      results are consistent with our premise that SPE inhibits preferentially the
      function of a regulator of the antibody response. The regulator appears to be a T
      cell and is likely a suppressor T-cell.

PMID- 1089600
TI  - Immune responses of specific pathogen-free and gnotobiotic mice to antigens of
      indigenous and nonindigenous microorganisms.
AB  - Strains of indigenous Escherichia coli, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus were
      isolated from the gastrointestinal tracts of specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice.
      Nonvaccinated SPF mice exhibited in their spleens low numbers of plaque-forming
      cells (PFC) and rosette-forming cells reacting with antigens of these andigenous
      bacteria. PFC reacting with these bacterial antigens were not detected in infant
      SPF mice until 7 days after birth. Compared with nonvaccinated controls, SPF mice
      vaccinated parenterally with indigenous E. coli or Bacteroides produced a
      moderate increase in the numbers of specific PFC. Thus, the SPF mouse is capable
      of responding immunologically after vaccination with microbes indigenous to its
      intestinal tract. However, more PFC reacting with homologous vaccine antigens
      were detected after parenteral vaccination of SPF mice with nonindigenous E. coli
      O127:B8, E.coli O14, or B. fragilis than after parenteral vaccination with
      indigenous E. coli or Bacteroides. Gnotobiotic mice orally monoassociated with
      these nonindigenous bacteria exhibited greater immune responses to antigens of
      the bacteria used to monoassociation than did gnotobiotes monoassociated with the
      indigenous microbes. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that mice are
      more responsive immunologically to antigens of nonindigenous bacteria than they
      are to antigens of certain microbes indigenous to their gastrointestinal tracts.

PMID- 1089601
TI  - Test for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli using Y-1 adrenal cells in miniculture.
AB  - A rapid, potentially clinically useful test for detection of enterotoxigenic
      Escherichia coli is described. Whole bacterial cultures of enterotoxigenic E.
      coli, when briefly exposed to Y1 adrenal cells in tissue miniculture, effect a
      rounding response in the tissue culture that can be discerned at 18 to 24 h. The
      tissue culture technique agreed with the rabbit ileal loop in all 58
      enterotoxigenic and 52 non-enterotoxigenic E. coli strains tested.

PMID- 1089602
TI  - In vitro interaction of Bacteroides fragilis with polymorphonuclear leukocytes
      and serum factors.
AB  - The sera and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) of healthy human subjects were
      tested against several isolates of Bacteroides fragilis. All sera killed most of
      the fecal isolates, but were active aganist only one of the clinical isolates.
      The degree of killing was directly related to the serum concentration but was
      independent of the bacterial inoculum within the range of bacterial
      concentrations studied. The serum bactericidal activity was heat-labile.
      Engulfment and killing of B. fragilis by PMNs were demonstrated consistently. 
      The opsonim involved in phagocytosis was also heat liable. Calculations involving
      log-transformed data permitted the quantitative study of the separate and
      combined effects of serum and PMNs on bacteria which were killed by serum alone.
      Whereas serum alone usually killed 0.5 log of serum-sensitive bacteria, the
      addition of PMNs was usually associated with one log further killing. The studies
      reported here demonstrate the presence of heat-labile serum factors in normal
      human sera which killed B. fragilis directly and which promote its phagocytosis
      and killing by PMNs. These observations provide a foundation for investigations
      into host defense mechanisms against anaerobes.

PMID- 1089603
TI  - Association of Salmonella typhimurium with, and its invasion of, the ileal mucosa
      in mice.
AB  - A wild-type strain of Salmonella typhimurium and three mutant rough colonial
      variants of the wild type were compared for their ability to become associated
      with and invade the ileal mucosa of germfree and specific-pathogen-free mice. The
      rough-mutant strains differed from the wild type in having incomplete
      lipopolysaccharides lacking one or more sugars in the polysaccharide moiety. The
      wild-type and mutant strains also differed one from the other in the types of
      appendages (flagella, pili) on their surfaces. Depending upon the dosage of
      bacteria given, all mutant strains as well as the wild type could associate with
      and invade the intestinal mucosa of infected gnotobiotic mice. If the infecting
      dosage was high enough, at least two of the mutant strains and the wild type
      invade the intestinal mucosa of the specific-pathogen-free animals. O antigen,
      flagella, or pili do not appear to be essential for the association of S.
      typhimurium with the mucosal surface of the mouse ileum. O antigen on the
      bacterial cell surface may be important, but not essential, for invasion of the
      ileal mucosa.

PMID- 1089604
TI  - Phagocytosis of Mycoplasma salivarium by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and
      monocytes.
AB  - Mycoplasmacial activity was exhibited by human peripheal blood leukocytes in the
      absence of detectable specific antiserum. After incubation of varying
      concentrations of Mycoplasma salivarium with leukocytes, changes in colony
      forming units (CFU) of this species per millilter occurred. The most noticeable
      decrease in CFU per milliliter was then the incubation mixtures contained five
      mycoplasmas per leukocyte. At this ratio, the mycoplasmacial min of incubation.
      Continued incubation demonstrated a tenfold decrease in CFU per milliliter by 4
      h. Electron micrographs of incubated mixtures of human leukocytes and M.
      salivarium showed this mycoplasma to be phagocytized by monocytes and neutrophils
      whenever mutual contact or pseudopodial formation occurred. The process was
      continuous. Numerous phagocytic vacuoles developed which contained multiple
      ingested microorganisms. After the cytoplasmic granules of the leukocytes fused
      with the phagocytic vacuole, the phagocytized mycoplasmas became disrupted and
      unrecognizable.

PMID- 1089605
TI  - Effect of local corticosteroids on antibody-forming cells in the eye and draining
      lymph nodes.
AB  - Significant numbers of antibody-forming cells (AFC) have been found in the
      cornea, uveal tract, and draining lymph nodes after the intracorneal injection of
      bovine gamma-globulin (BGG). To study the effect of locally administered
      corticosteroids on these antibody-forming tissues, we made unilateral
      intracorneal injections of rabbit eyes with BGG. These we followed immediately
      with subconjunctival injections of 10 mg. of triamcinolone suspension, and then
      with a second round of 10 mg. injections seven days later. A control group of
      animals received the BGG injections followed by two subconjunctival saline
      injections. We killed the animals on postinjection days 6, 9, 12, 15, and 21, and
      tested the draining lymph nodes, homolateral uveal tissue, and homolateral cornea
      for AFC by a modification of the Jerne placque technique. The local steroids had
      no effect on the number of AFC produced in the draining lymph nodes or on the
      circulating antibody response, but they reduced the number of AFC in the
      homolateral uveal tracts and corneas. Clinically there was less inflammatory
      response in the steroid-treated eyes than in the control eyes. The possible
      mechanisms by which corticosteroids achieve their anti-immunologic and anti
      inflammatory benefits are discussed.

PMID- 1089606
TI  - Fracture faces of fenestrations and junctions of endothelial cells in human
      choroidal vessels.
AB  - Replicas of freeze-fractured endothelial cells of human choroidal capillaries
      show fenestrations with a central thickening, as described in thin-section
      studies. Between the endothelial cells there are discontinuous zonulae
      occludentes (i.e., maculae or fasciae occludentes), composed of ridges on face A
      and grooves on face B of the split-cell membrane. They are also present along the
      sutures of the endothelial cells of venules. Close to the intercellular suture
      gap junctions, probably connecting capillary endothelial cells and pericytes, are
      found.

PMID- 1089607
TI  - Sutures and bladder wound healing in the experimental animal.
AB  - An incision was made in the bladder of each of 81 female rats, then closed with
      various types and sizes of sutures and by different methods in order to determine
      the optimum suture and method to facilitate watertight closure and wound healing.
      Chromic catgut, collagen, and polyglycolic acid sutures, of different sizes, were
      used. Pressure studies and microscopic examinations of the wound were done at
      different intervals. All sutures lasted long enough to allow healing of the wound
      and none broke during pressure studies. A two-layer continuous closure with fine
      suture was the most watertight. Tissue reaction was almost absent when
      polyglycolic acid suture was used and was minimal with fine chromic catgut.

PMID- 1089608
TI  - A new method of ureteroneocystostomy.

PMID- 1089609
TI  - Cutaneous everted nipple ureterostomy.
AB  - Normal dog ureter transplanted to the skin by the everted nipple ureterostomy
      technique was found to be far superior to the skin flap ureterostomy in
      nevovascularization and healing of the stoma. The results suggest a possibility
      of successful application in the human; recent clinical experience supports
      animal data.

PMID- 1089610
TI  - Eugen Steinach, 1861-1944.

PMID- 1089611
TI  - Experimental lipid A-induced nephritis in the dog.
AB  - The effect of radioactive lipid A, obtained from Escherichia coli, on the kidney
      of adult dogs and puppies was investigated. Injection of lipid A into the
      temporarily occluded renal pelvis of adult dogs caused abacterial interstitial
      nephritis in all animals tested. The intensity and duration of the kidney
      response coorelated well with the lipid A dose administered. Lipid A was
      demonstrated autoradiographically in the renal cortex, extra- and
      intracellularly. Radioactivity was still present after 10 weeks in 16 of 20
      examined dogs. In the remaining four dogs the interstitial nephritis had
      subsided. Thirteen of 14 puppies in which the immunologic defense mechanisms had
      not yet developed showed no histologic reaction in the kidney after the same
      procedure as in the adult dogs. Lipid A appeared in the renal parenchyma through
      the blood stream rather than through the retrograde route. Lipid A antibody
      titers could be detected only in adult dogs, never in puppies. Lipid A apparently
      provoked an immunologic process in the kidney damaged by the operative
      manipulations, thus resulting in an abacterial interstitial nephritis. The
      possibility that chronic abacterial pyelonephritis can be induced clinically
      through lipid A and thus may have a pathogenesis similar to abacterial
      interstitial nephritis is discussed.

PMID- 1089612
TI  - Experimental pyelonephritis in the monkey. II. The prognostic value of
      radionuclide evaluation of the urinary tract.
AB  - The radionuclide scintiphoto study, a noninvasive technique, is abnormal in acute
      pyelonephritis. A delay in excretion of the isotope has also been observed in
      dehydrated studies in chronic pyelonephritis. To further elucidate this abnormal
      pattern in pyelonephritis, experimental renal infection was produced in monkeys.
      Dehydrated 131-I-hippuran scintiphoto studies were conducted weekly for 8 weeks
      after the initial infection. The scintiphoto studies showed significant delay in
      excretion of radionuclide in all bacteriuric monkeys at 1 week. After this time,
      delayed excretion was seen in only those monkeys later classified as having
      chronic pyelonephritis. This was statistically significant (P smaller than 0.01).

PMID- 1089613
TI  - Benurestat, a urease inhibitor for the therapy of infected ureolysis.
AB  - A single oral administration of the urease inhibitor benurestat (2-(p-chlorobenz
      amido)acetohydroxamic acid) to the human at 15 or 25 mg per kg produced, for 4
      hr, mean urinary levels of inhibitory activity that were 700 to 1900 times that
      equivalent concentration of benurestat required to inhibit Proteus mirabilis
      urease by 90 per cent. In the rat these same dosage levels produced urinary
      inhibitory activity equivalent to 16 to 140 fold that required for 90 per cent
      urease inhibition. Benurestat administration, 25, 50, or 100 mg per kg, caused a
      decrease in the urinary excretion of ammonia from rats with experimental P.
      mirabilis genitourinary tract infection. The formation of struvite calculi was
      inhibited under these conditions. Nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole, and
      ampicillin also slowed the formation of struvite calculi in infected rats and
      together with benurestat a potentiation of the inhibition of calculi formation
      was secured. Some combination therapies composed of benurestat plus an
      antibacterial agent, sulfamethoxazole or ampicillin, were effective in promoting
      the net dissolution of formed calculi. The number of viable bacteria present in
      the bladders of infected rats was significantly less after the administration of
      benurestat plus nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole, or ampicillin than the
      respective numbers that were obtained from control infected rats or from rats
      administered either component of the combination separately.

PMID- 1089614
TI  - Succinic dehydrogenase as a measure of tissue viability in the cadaver kidney.
      Influence of perfusing solutions.
AB  - Succinic dehydrogenase (SDHG) has been studied in the rabbit cadaver kidney.
      Increasing warm ischemia time decreases the ability of the organ to utilize
      oxygen and therefore lowers its SDHG activity. The addition of perfusing
      solutions further decreases the SDHG activity; saline has a more adverse affect
      than either Perfudex or albumin.

PMID- 1089615
TI  - Guy de Chauliac (1300-1367).

PMID- 1089616
TI  - The history of goitre in Ireland.

PMID- 1089617
TI  - Stanford cardiac transplantation. A review.
AB  - The cardiac transplantation experience at Stanford University School of Medicine
      commenced in 1959 with the development of a comprehensive surgical method for
      successful orthotopic cardiac transplantation in experimental animals. The steps
      involved included atrial level transection and anastomosis, local myocardial
      hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass. From the first Stanford clinical case in
      January 1968 until May 1974, 73 transplants have been carried out in 71 patients.
      Cardiac transplantation is indicated in myopathic disease of an advanced nature
      with the prospect of imminent death. Contraindications are high pulmonary
      vascular resistance and intercurrent infection. Relative contraindications are
      advanced age and insulin-dependent diabetes. Previous cardiac surgery procedures
      are not contraindications to transplantation. Maintenance immunosuppression
      requires azathioprine and prednisone indefinitely. Antithymocyte globulin is used
      for a short time in the postoperative period. Anticoagulants and antiplatelet
      agents are also used. Therapy for rejection crises includes methylprednisolone,
      in gram amounts, and actinomycin D. The diagnosis of graft rejection is based on
      a decrease in electrocardiographic voltage, transvenous endomyocardial biopsy and
      clinical examination of the patient. The overall survival rate is 43% at one year
      and 39% at two years. The longest-living survivor in the series is doing a
      regular day's work five years after transplantation.

PMID- 1089618
TI  - The modified bovine carotid artery as a vascular substitute in man. Personal
      experience and review of the literature.
AB  - The modified bovine heterograft is one of the vascular prostheses currently
      available for clinical use. This report reviews the mode of preparation of the
      heterograft and its physical and biological qualities. The experience of the
      authors with this heterograft for vascular reconstruction in 32 patients and for
      the construction of s.c. arteriovenous (A-V) fistulas in 80 patients is reported.
      The modified bovine heterograft was found to be a satisfactory prosthesis when
      used in vascular reconstruction above the inguinal ligament or for the
      construction of A-V fistulas for hemodialysis. In reconstructions in the
      femoropopliteal segment of the circulation, the use of the heterograft by the
      authors was associated with an unacceptable rate of morbidity and graft failures.
      Experience reported in the literature has so far been incomplete and
      inconclusive, with one-year patency rates ranging between 20 and 74%.

PMID- 1089619
TI  - Plan and organization for utilization review at Queen's Medical Center.

PMID- 1089620
TI  - Canine granulocytopathy syndrome: neutrophil dysfunction in a dog with recurrent
      infections.
AB  - A male Irish Setter dog had a clinical history of recurrent life-threatening
      bacterial infections, with associated periods of pyrexia and severe neutrophilia.
      Examination of a mandibular lymph node biopsy made when the patient was 10 weeks
      old revealed subacute diffuse suppurative lymphadenitis with reticuloendothelial
      hyperplasia. Circulating leukocytes isolated from the dog when it was 5 months
      old had a marked bactericidal defect when compared with cells from clinically
      normal dogs of the same age. The clinical syndrome in the affected patient
      resembled that observed in the granulocytopathies described in man and other
      animals.

PMID- 1089621
TI  - Preputial urethroplasty for relief of urethral obstruction in the male cat.

PMID- 1089622
TI  - Dimensions of the pet population problem.
AB  - In 1973, an estimated $4.5 billion was spent on the combined care and feeding of
      pets, whereas about 18 million neglected pets were impounded, costing our society
      nearly $125 million. About 72,000 dogs and cats must die or be killed each day to
      maintain zero growth in the population. Humane shelters and pounds have become
      slaughterhouses. Neglected pets constitute a hazard to the health and quality of
      life of man and other animals. Sizable segments of society are becomming hostile
      toward dogs and cats.

PMID- 1089624
TI  - Trichoviridin and dermadin from Trichoderma sp. TK-1.

PMID- 1089623
TI  - New azasteroidal antifungal antibiotics from Geotrichum flavo-brunneum. III.
      Biological activity.
AB  - The A25822 antibiotic complex consists of seven biologically active factors. A
      comparative study of these factors determined that factor B possessed the
      greatest antifungal activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration of A25822B
      against isolates of Candida albicans was less than 0.3 similar to 5.0 mug/ml,
      Trichophyton mentagrophytes was inhibited at less than 0.0312 mug/ml. Other
      pathogenic fungi such as Cryptococcus neoformans, Histoplasma capsulatum,
      Blastomyces dermatitidis, Sporotrichum schenckii, and Microsporium gypseum were
      very susceptible to A25822B. Only limited antibacterial activity of A25822B was
      found. Parenteral or oral administration of 50 mg/kg of A25822B significantly
      extended the average survival time of mice infected with C. albicans. Doses of 20
      mg/kg of A25822B caused a greater than ten-fold reduction in the number of
      Candida cells recovered from kidneys of infected mice. A solution of 0.5% or
      0.25% A25822B applied topically was effective against an experimental
      dermatophyte infection on guinea pigs. A peak blood level of 3 mug/ml was
      achieved in mice following a 100 mg/kg dose of A25822B. Combination of A25822B
      with a polyene antibiotic in vitro showed antagonism.

PMID- 1089625
TI  - New azasteroidal antifungal antibotics from Geotrichum flavo-brunneum. I.
      Discovery and fermentation studies.
AB  - Although Geotrichum species occur ubiquitously, antibiotic production by members
      of this genus has not previously been reported. The antibiotic complex designated
      A25822, consisting of one major and six minor structurally-related components
      active primarily against Candida and Trichophyton, represents a new family of
      naturally-occurring compounds. Approximately 90% of the antibiotic activity
      synthesized remained associated with the fungal cell mass, from which it was
      recovered by multiple methanolic extractions for quantitation. Antibiotic
      production was enhanced by tryptophan, iron, zinc, and high levels of dextrin.

PMID- 1089626
TI  - Uptake of adenosine 5'-monophosphate by Escherichia coli.
AB  - Adenosine 5'-monophosphate is dephosphorylated before its uptake by cells of
      Escherichia coli. This is demonstrated by using a radioactive double-labeled
      culture, and with a 5'-nucleotidase-deficient, mutant strain. The adenosine
      formed is further phosphorolyzed to adenine as a prerequisite for its uptake and
      incorporation. The cellular localization of the enzymes involved in the
      catabolism of adenosine 5'-monophosphate is discussed.

PMID- 1089627
TI  - Cellular content of ribonucleic acid and protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a
      function of exponential growth rate: calculation of the apparent peptide chain
      elongation rate.
AB  - The average cellular content of ribonucleic acid and protein was determined in
      cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing exponentially at different rates in
      a variety of media. Estimations of the proportion of total cellular ribonucleic
      acid that is made up of ribosomal ribonucleic acid were used to calculate the
      average number of ribosomes per cell at the different growth rates. The fraction
      of ribosomes actively engaged in translation was estimated by sucrose gradient
      centrifugation of ribosomes and polysomes. These data were used in a calculation
      of the apparent time taken for the addition of an amino acid to the growing
      polypeptide chain; this value was found to vary linearly with growth rate over a
      fivefold range of doubling times.

PMID- 1089628
TI  - Characterization of lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli K-12 mutants.
AB  - Chemical analyses of the carbohydrate composition of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)
      from a number of LPS mutants were used to propose a schematic composition for the
      LPS from Escherichia coli K-12. The formula contains four regions: the first
      consists of lipid A, ketodeoxyoctonoic acid, and a phosphorous component; the
      second contains only heptose; the third only glucose; and the fourth additional
      glucose, galactose, and rhamnose. LPS from E. coli B may have a similar
      composition but lacks the galactose and rhamnose units. A set of LPS-specific
      bacteriophages were used for comparing three mutants of Salmonella with a number
      of LPS mutants of E. coli K-12. The results confirm that there are basic
      similarities in the first and second regions of the LPS structure; they also
      support the four region divisions of the LPS formula. Paper chromatography was
      used for characterization of 32-P-labeled LPS from different strains of E. coli
      and Salmonella. The Rf values for LPS varied from 0.27 to 0.75 depending on the
      amounts of carbohydrates in the molecule. LPS from all strains studied was
      homogenous except for strain D31 which produced two types of LPS. Mild acid
      hydrolysis of labeled LPS liberated lipid A and two other components with
      phosphate, one of which was assigned to the first region. It is suggested that
      paper chromatography can be used in biosynthetic studies concerning regions 2 to
      4.

PMID- 1089629
TI  - Blocking of bacteriophages phi W and phi 5 with lipopolysaccharides from
      Escherichia coli K-12 mutants.
AB  - In the preceding paper we presented a formula for the composition of
      lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Escherichia coli K-12. This formula contains four
      regions defined from analyses of LPS from four key strains, the parent and
      mutants which had lost one, two, or three regions of their carbohydrates. Support
      for the formula was derived from the susceptibility of the key mutants to several
      bacteriophages. One of these, phage phi W, was found specific for strains which
      had lost region 4. In this paper we described inactivation in vitro of phage phi
      W and its host-range mutant phi 5, using LPS devoid of regions 2 to 4. The
      blocking of phi W was found to require about 0.15 M concentrations of monovalent
      cations and to be inhibited by low concentrations of calcium and magnesium ions.
      One particle of phage phi W required 2 times 10-16 g of LPS devoid of region 4
      for stoichiometric inactivation. Phage phi 5 was blocked by both heptose-less LPS
      (devoid of regions 2 to 4) and glucose-less LPS (devoid of regions 3 to 4) but
      was unaffected by LPS devoid of region 4. LPS from a heptose-less mutant of
      Salmonella minnesota showed the same inactivation ability as did LPS from heptose
      less strains of E. coli K-12. Lipid A was prepared from LPS containing all four
      regions. Such lipid A was found to inactivate phi 5, whereas both the
      polysaccharide moiety as well as the intact LPS were without effect. It is
      suggested that lipid A is part of the receptor site for phage phi 5.

PMID- 1089630
TI  - Genetic analysis of thymidine-resistant and low-thymine-requiring mutants of
      Escherichia coli K-12 induced by bacteriophage Mu-1.
AB  - Four genes, dra, tpp, drm, and pup, that specify enzymes involved in the
      catabolism of nucleosides and deoxynucleosides in Escherichia coli are known to
      be very closely linked in the order dra-tpp-drm-pup. By infecting cells with the
      phage Mu-1 and isolating low-thymine-requiring derivatives of a strain lacking
      thymidylate synthetase and also thymidine-resistant mutants of a dra-strain, it
      has been possible to select for strains in which Mu-1 is inserted in this gene
      cluster. Making use of the polar effect of Mu-induced mutations on more distal
      genes in the same transcriptional unit, evidence is presented that dra and tpp
      are co-transcribed from a promoter to the left of dra, and drm and pup are co
      transcribed from a promotor located between tpp and drm. Residual levels of
      purine nucleoside phosphorylase in drm- mutants induced by phage Mu seem to
      indicate that a weak promotor lies between drm and pup. From a strain in which Mu
      1 is inserted in drm, a mutant has been isolated that has a deletion extending
      into tpp. Since this strain lacks thymidylate synthetase, it is unable to grow on
      minimal medium containing thymine. Mutants isolated from this strain that can
      grow on minimal medium containing thymine have been shown to have increased
      levels of the enzyme uridine phosphorylase.

PMID- 1089631
TI  - Effect of a leu-linked mutation on the valine sensitivity of acetohydroxy acid
      synthase activity in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A spontaneous leu-linked mutation (ilvH2015) in Escherichia coli K-12 made the
      strain resistant to 1 mM valine and l mM glycylvaline (Val-r) and caused the
      isoleucine and valine biosynthetic enzyme, acetohydroxy acid synthase, to be less
      sensitive to feedback inhibition by valine than the wild-type enzyme. Transfer of
      the ilvDAC deletion into a strain carrying ilvH2015 abolished the effect of the
      marker on the acetohydroxy acid synthase and rendered it as sensitive to valine
      as the enzyme in the isogenic control strain without the Val-r marker under both
      repressing and limiting conditions. In contrast, auxotrophy caused by transfer of
      an ilvC lesion into the Val-r strain did not interfere with the effect of
      ilvH2015 on valine sensitivity of acetohydroxy acid synthase. In addition, the
      presence of the Val-r marker produced minor but significant pleiotropic effects
      on several other isoleucine and valine biosynthetic enzymes but did not cause
      derepression of the ilv gene cluster. These studies suggest some type of
      interaction between a product produced by a gene close to leu and the isoleucine
      and valine biosynthetic enzymes.

PMID- 1089632
TI  - Mutation affecting regulation of synthesis of acetohydroxy acid synthetase in
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Altered regulation of synthesis of acetohydroxy acid synthetase (AHAS) was
      previously reported in a mutant of Escherichia coli strain K-12. The mutant
      strain, growing in minimal medium, exhibits a partial growth limiatation and
      derepression of AHAS, owing to deficient synthesis of isoleucine. The genetic
      lesion (ilvE503) causing the isoleucine limitation was shown to cause
      derepression of a valine-sensitive AHAS activity. The derepression effect of the
      ilvE503 mutation upon synthesis of AHAS was conclusively demonstrated by
      introducing both the ilvE503 allele and an altered AHAS (ilv-521) into the same
      cell. Evidence is presented that suggests the presence of multiple genetic
      regions for synthesis and control of the valine-sensitive AHAS activity.

PMID- 1089633
TI  - Enzymatic production of deoxyribonucleic acid double-strand breaks after
      ultraviolet irradiation of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - We have observed the enzymatic production of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
      doublestrand breaks in Escherichia coli K12 after ultraviolet irradiation.
      Doublestrand breaks appeared in wild-type, polA1, recB21, recA, and exrA strains
      after incubation in minimal medium. THE UVRA6 strain showed no evidence of double
      strand breakage under the same conditions. Our data suggest that uvr+ cells,
      which are proficient in the incision step of excision repair, accumulate double
      strand breaks in their DNA as a result of the excision repair process, i.e.,
      arising from closely matched incisions, excision gaps, or incisions and gaps on
      opposite strands of the DNA twin helix. Furthermore, strains deficient in
      excision repair subsequent to the incision step (i.e., polA, rec, exrA) showed
      more double-strand breaks than the wild type strain. The results raise the
      possibility that a significant fraction of the lethal events in ultraviolet
      irradiated, repair-proficient (uvr+) cell may be enzymatically-induced DNA double
      strand breaks.

PMID- 1089634
TI  - mut-25, a mutation to mutator linked to purA in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The mutation mut-25 that results in a mutator phenotype is closely linked to purA
      on the chromosome of Escherichia coli. The gene order in this region is ampA mut
      25 purA. purA mut-25 double mutants retained mutator activity indicating that mut
      25 is not a mutation in the purA gene. The repair mutations uvrA6, recA56, and
      exrA1 had no effect on mutation frequencies in mut-25 strains, and mut-25 strains
      were normally resistant to ultraviolet irradiation. Frequencies of host range
      mutations were not increased in phages T1, T2, and T7 grown on mut-25 strains.
      mut-25 could act trans, reverting the trpA46 mutation either on the chromosome or
      on an F episome. The transitions AT yields GC (adenine-thymine yields guanine
      cytosine) and GC yields AT were induced by mut-25.

PMID- 1089635
TI  - Suppression of initiation-negative strains of Escherichia coli by integration of
      the sex factor F.
AB  - Data are presented suggesting that the most critical factor determining whether
      an Hfr dnaAts strain can synthesize deoxyribonucleic acid and form colonies at
      temperatures that are nonpermissive for corresponding F- strains is neither the
      site of insertion of F nor the presence of additional mutations in the F particle
      or the chromosome; it is whether the particle is capable of autonomous
      replication at the temperature used. Consequently, suppression of the DnaA
      phenotype in Hfr strains occurs at 40 C but not, in most of them, at 42 C without
      the occurrence of additional mutations. The site of insertion of F may also be
      important since it is shown that in one Hfr dnaA strain partial suppression does
      occur at 42 C. In addition, it is shown that strains exhibiting suppression by
      integration of F at 40 C on minimal agar plates do not do so at this temperature
      on nutrient agar plates.

PMID- 1089636
TI  - Positive selection of general amino acid permease mutants in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - It was found that D-stereoisomers of natural amino acids inhibit the growth of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Kinetic and genetic evidence showed that d-amino
      acids enter the cell by the general amino acid permease. Two classes of S.
      cerevisiae mutants resistant to d-amino acids were isolated. One class of mutants
      appeared to be defective in the general amino acid permease specified by the gene
      gap. In the second class, the activity of general amino acid permease was
      affected by ammonium ions. Mutants of the second class were isolated in a yeast
      strain with the general amino acid permease insensitive to the presence of
      ammonium ions in culture media. The mutation affecting the permease, amc,
      occurred in a locus unlinked to gap.

PMID- 1089637
TI  - Urea transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Urea transport in Saccharomyces cerevisiae occurs by two pathways. The first mode
      of uptake is via an active transport system which: (i) has an apparent Km value
      of 14 muM, (ii) is absolutely dependent upon energy metabolism, (iii) requires
      pre-growth of the cultures in the presence of oxaluric acid, gratuitous inducer
      of the allantoin degradative enzymes, and (iv) is sensitive to nitrogen
      repression. The second mode of uptake which occurs at external urea
      concentrations in excess of 0.5 mM is via either passive or facilitated
      diffusion.

PMID- 1089638
TI  - Genetic and phenotypic characterization of dnaC mutations.
AB  - The dna-1, dna-2, dna-7, and dna-28 mutations, all of which are located near min
      89.5 on the E. coli linkage map, have been characterized further. As previously
      demonstrated for dna-2 and dna-28, neither the dna-1 nor dna-7 mutation affects
      the ability of a strain to produce bacteriophage lambda at temperatures non
      permissive for the continued replication of the bacterial chromosome. The
      reported temperature-sensitive inhibition of lambda production in a strain
      carrying dna-7 is shown to be a consequence of a thermosensitive host specificity
      mutation in the hsm gene and not of the dna-7 mutation. The four dna mutations
      are recessive to the wild type and define a single dnaC cistron according to
      standard complementation criteria. Unlike other characterized dnaC mutants,
      however, strains carrying the dnaC1 or dnaC7 alleles exhibit an abrupt cessation
      of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis at 42 C that appears to be more compatible
      with a defect in deoxyribonucleic acid chain elongation rather than in
      initiation. The possibility that the apparent elongation defect is actually a
      composite effect of residual synthesis and deoxyribonucleic acid degradation is
      raised by the net deoxyribonucleic acid degradation observed in the dnaC1 strain
      at 42 C. Several alternative possibilities for the function of the dnaC gene
      product are suggested.

PMID- 1089639
TI  - Growth of bacteriophages MS2 and T7 on streptomycin-resistant mutants of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Streptomycin-resistant mutants of an Hfr strain of Escherichia coli K were
      examined for their ability to support the growth of male-specific ribonucleic
      acid phage MS2 and female-specific deoxyribonucleic acid phage T7. Normally, the
      Hfr strain allows propagation of MS2 and is lysed by it (efficiency of plating
      equal to 1), whereas the same strain restricts propagation of T7 and is not lysed
      by it (efficiency of plating smaller than 10-7). Twenty-four isolates out of 26
      independently obtained streptomycin-resistant mutants are partially or completely
      derestricted for propagation of T7; efficiency of plating of T7 in such strains
      ranges from 10-3-1. Depending on their response to plating of MS2 and T7, the
      streptomycin-resistant mutants can be divided into four classes. The mutants in
      all four classes continue to be "male" in conjugation with F- strains. Genetic
      analysis is presented to show that restriction of MS2, derestriction of T7, and
      resistance to streptomycin are the pleiotropic effects of a single mutation at
      the strA locus.

PMID- 1089640
TI  - Ultraviolet light sensitivity of Escherichia coli K-12 strains carrying ruv
      mutations in combination with uvrA or lon mutant alleles.
AB  - Strains of Escherichia coli K12 have been prepared that carry the ruv mutation in
      combination with lon or uvrA mutant alleles. The ruv minus uvrA minus double
      mutant is more sensitive to ultraviolet light than the urvA minus single mutant,
      whereas the strain with ruv and ion mutations shows the same sensitivity to
      ultraviolet light as the ruv minus single mutant.

PMID- 1089641
TI  - Nucleotide pools and regulation of ribonucleic acid synthesis in yeast.
AB  - Nucleotide pools were measured in growing and amino acid-starved Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. During amino acid starvation there are neither significant changes in
      the endogeneous nucleoside triphosphate pool levels nor measurable synthesis of
      guanosine 5'-diphosphate, 3'-diphosphate. Stable ribonucleic acid synthesis does
      not appear to be regulated by changes in the triphosphate pools or by the unusual
      nucleotide guanosine 5'-diphosphate, 3'-diphosphate.

PMID- 1089642
TI  - Sensitive methods for the detection and characterization of double helical
      ribonucleic acid.
AB  - We have evaluated three methods which respond specifically to stable RNA-RNA
      duplexes and have compared their utility for examining several sorts of nucleic
      acids. We find that these methods, stepwise chromatography on Whatman CF11
      cellulose; digestion with Escherichia coli RNase III; and specific inhibition of
      globin synthesis in vitro in rabbit reticulocyte lysates, are able to distinguish
      between stable double-stranded RNA and single-stranded RNA in the expected
      manner. The most sensitive method, inhibition of globin synthesis, responds to
      double-stranded RNA concentrations below 0.1 ng per ml. We have used the
      predominantly single-stranded RNA from several RNA bacteriophages of E. coli to
      test both the sensitivity and selectivity of these methods. The three viral RNAs
      tested contain low levels of double-stranded RNA which can be readily removed,
      leaving RNA which is not recognized as double-stranded RNA, despite indications
      from physical and sequencing studies that secondary structure is present. In
      particular, a potential hairpir loop of known sequence has been isolated from
      phage f2 RNA. Its properties were found to depart significantly from those of RNA
      RNA duplexes by those two of our three methods capable of testing RNA of this
      size. Analysis of two eukaryotic mRNA populations by these methods was
      complicated by the presence of poly(A). Synthetic poly(A) chromatographs like
      double-stranded RNA on cellulose CF11 columns, and we could distinguish it from
      reovirus double-stranded RNA only at elevated temperatures.

PMID- 1089643
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase III of Escherichia coli. Purification and
      properties.
AB  - DNA polymerase III has been purified 4,500-fold from the Escherichis coli mutant,
      HMS83, which lacks DNA polymerases I and II. When subjected to disc gel
      electrophoresis, the most purified fraction exhibits a single major protein band
      from which enzymatic activity may be recovered. Polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis under denaturing conditions produces two protein bands with
      molecular weights of 140,000 and 40,000. The sedimentation coefficient of the
      enzyme is 7.0 S, and the Stokes radius is 62 A. Taken together these tow
      parameters indicate a native molecular weight of 180,000. Purified DNA polymerase
      III catalyzes the polymerization of nucleotides into DNA when provided with both
      a DNA template and a complementary primer strand. The newly synthesized DNA is
      covalently attached to the 3' terminus of the primer strand. Because the extent
      of polymerization is only 10 to 100 nucleotides, the best substrates are native
      DNA molecules with small single-stranded regions. The most purified enzyme
      preparation is devoid of endonuclease activities. In addition to the two
      exonuclease activities described in the accompanying paper, purified polymerase
      III also catalyzes pyrophosphorolysis and the exchange of pyrophosphate into
      deoxynucleoside triphosphates. DNA polymerase III has also been isolated from
      wild type E. coli containing the other two known DNA polymerases. Futhermore, the
      enzyme purified from three different polC mutants exhibits altered polymerase III
      activity, confirming that polC is the structural gene for DNA polymerase III
      (Gefter, M., Hirota, Y., Kornberb, T., Wechsler, J., and Barnoux, C. (1971) Proc.
      Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 68, 3150-3153).

PMID- 1089644
TI  - Fluorescence studies on the active sites of porcine pepsin and Rhizopus-pepsin.
AB  - Fluorescence studies on the interaction, with porcine pepsin, of oligopeptides
      bearing a mansyl (Mns, 6-(N-methylanilino)-2-naphthalenesulfonyl) or dansyl (Dns,
      5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl) group at the NH2 or COOH terminus have
      provided further evidence showing that the probe group is drawn into the extended
      active site largely as a consequence of the specific binding of the peptide
      portion of the substrate. The active site does not appear to have appreciable
      intrinsic affinity for the mansyl or dansyl group, and the principal contribution
      to the specific peptide-protein interaction is provided by the sensitive L
      phenylalanyl-L-phenylalanyl (Phe-Phe) unit of the substrates tested. The pepsin
      inhibitor pepstatin can displace substrates such as Mns-(Gly)n-Phe-Phe-OR or Gly
      Gly-Phe-Phe-NHNH-Mns from the active site of porcine pepsin; in these
      circumstances the mansyl group is bound weakly at a separate, nonspecific locus,
      distinct from the active site, which can accept the mansyl group of Mns-Gly-Gly
      OR or mansylamide. In the interaction with substrates such as Mns-(Gly)n-Phe-Phe
      OR or Dns-(Gly)n-Phe-Phe-OR, the above conclusions for porcine pepsin also apply
      to Rhizopus-pepsin. With substrates such as Gly-Gly-Phe-Phe-NHNH-Mns, however,
      the active site of Rhizopus-pepsin shows less affinity for the fluorescent probe
      group than does that of porcine pepsin, suggesting structural differences between
      the two acid proteinases in the region of their extended active sites which bind
      the COOH-terminal portion of small oligopeptide substrates.

PMID- 1089645
TI  - The structural basis for the resistance of Escherichia coli formylmethionyl
      transfer ribonucleic acid to cleavage by Escherichia coli peptidyl transfer
      ribonucleic acid hydrolase.
AB  - Escherichia coli formylmethionly-tRNA-tMet is unique among N-acylaminoacyl-tRNAs
      in its resistance to cleavage by peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase. Chemical modification
      of tRNA-fMet with sodium bisulfite converts fMet-tRNA-fMet into a good substrate
      for the hydrolase. The products of the enzymatic cleavage are free tRNA-fMet and
      formylmethionine. Bisulfite treatment produces cytidine to uridine base changes
      at several sites in the tRNA structure. One of these modifications results in
      formation of a new hydrogen-bonded base pair at the end of the acceptor stem of
      tRNA-fMet. We have shown that this modification is responsible for the observed
      change in biological activity. Enzymatic cleavage appears to be facilitated by
      the presence of a 5-terminal phosphate at the end of a fully base-paired acceptor
      stem, because removal of the 5-phosphate group from N-acetylphenylalanyl-tRNA-Phe
      or bisulfite-modified fMet-tRNA-FMet reduced the rate of hydrolysis of these
      substrates. The unpaired base at the 5 terminus of unmodified fMet-tRNA-fMet
      appears to reduce susceptibility of the tRNA to hydrolytic attack both by
      positioning the 5-phosphate in an unfavorable orientation and by directly
      interfering with enzymatic binding. The unusual structure of the acceptor stem of
      this E. coli tRNA thus plays a critical role in maintaining the viability of the
      organism by preventing enzymatic cleavage of the fMet group from the bacterial
      initiator tRNA.

PMID- 1089646
TI  - Subunit interactions in aspartate transcarbamylase. The interaction between
      catalytic and regulatory subunits and the effect of ligands.
AB  - The interaction between the catalytic subunit (c3) and the regulatory subunit
      (r2) of aspartate transcarbamylase from Escherichia coli was studied by measuring
      the reversible formation of the c3r6 complex as a function of r2 concentration.
      Conversion to the native enzyme was prevented by using a very low concentration
      of c2 (40 ng per ml) in the presence of bovine serum albumin. A simple hyperbolic
      r2 saturation curve was obtained suggesting the presence of only one kind of c:r
      domain. From the association constant for the formation of c3r6, the free energy
      of c:r interaction can be estimated to be about -10 Cal per mole. Neither CTP nor
      ATP appears to affect the strength of c:r interaction in this complex. Succinate
      in the presence of carbamyl phosphate promotes tighter binding. At higher
      concentration of c3 and nonsaturating levels of r2, conversion to the native
      enzyme (c3r6) takes place. This renaturation process is second order with respect
      to the concentration of c3 and is virtually irreversible. Renaturation is
      inhibited by saturating levels of r2 and to some extent by both CTP and ATP. The
      effect of ligands on c:r interactions reported here may have significance in the
      allosteric mechanism of the native enzyme.

PMID- 1089647
TI  - Subunit interactions in aspartate transcarbamylase. A model for the allosteric
      mechanism.
AB  - The conformational changes in aspartate transcarbamylase upon binding of
      substrates or regulatory ligands and the effects of alterations in the subunit
      structure on the allosteric interactions are reviewed. The available information
      including recent results from studies of the c3r6 complex (c denotes the
      catalytic polypeptide and r, the regulatory polypeptide) is considered in terms
      of the existing models for the discrepancies between experimental observations
      and the present models could be resolved by postulating an important role for r:r
      interactions in the allosteric mechanism. A new model is presented in which an
      obligatory conformational change upon binding of substrates results in an
      alteration in the relative orientation of c versus r. As a consequence of
      symmetry conservation, the r:r domain is shifted to a position of higher
      potential energy. By favoring one or the other alternative r:r domains, CTP and
      ATP can respectively enhance and reduce the sigmoidal character of substrate
      saturation. The model is shown to be consistent with all of the important known
      properties of the enzyme. Because the heterotropic effects of CTP or ATP are
      postulated to operate via a mechanism separate from that for the homotropic
      effects of the substrates, this model accounts satisfactorily for the observation
      by Kerbiriou and Herve (Kerbiriou, D., and Herve, G. (1973) J. Mol. Biol. 78, 687
      702) that homotropic effects can be abolished whereas heterotropic effects are
      retained in the altered enzyme from Escherichia coli grown in the presence of 2
      thiouracil.

PMID- 1089648
TI  - Ethidium binding affinity of circular lambda deoxyribonucleic acid determined
      fluorometrically.
AB  - Ethidium-binding isotherms for purified circular lambda DNA, isolated from a
      superinfected lysogen, and for linear lambda DNA, isolated from the purified
      phage, were constructed from fluorescence measurements of ethidium-DNA MIXTURES.
      The measurements were made in 0.01 M Tris-HC1-0.001 M EDTA,pH 7.1, buffer at 20
      degrees and in the same buffer containing 0.1, 0.4, or 1.0 M NaC1. When NaC1 was
      present, differences in the binding affinity for supercoiled and linear DNA could
      be quantitated. As the ethidium concentration was increased, supercoiled lambda
      DNA molecules bound the intercalating dye first more and then less avidly than
      nonsupercoiled ones. The number of potential supercoils in a circular lambda DNA
      molecular in the absence of dye was calculated from the amount of dye bound when
      it exhibited the same affinity for dye as its linear counterpart. The point of
      equivalent affinity shifted from 0.053 mol of dye bound per mol of nucleotide in
      0.1 M NaC1 to 0.067 mol in 1.0 M NaC1. This corresponds to the removal of 164 and
      206 supercoiling turns per molecule and superhelix densities in the absence of
      dye equal to 0.036 and 0.045 superhelical turns per 10 base pairs. If this
      difference in the number of supercoils reflects a salt-dependent change in the
      average rotation angle between base pairs of the Watson-Crick helix the angle
      differs by 0.32% in the two ionic environments.

PMID- 1089649
TI  - Purification of closed circular lambda deoxyribonucleic acid and its
      sedimentation properties as a function of Sodium chloride concentration and
      ethidium binding.
AB  - The sedimentation of circular lambda DNA suggests that the molecular undergoes
      significant changes in shape and super-coiling as the NaC1 concentration
      increases. Closed circular lambda DNA, species I, isolated and purified from
      superinfected immune bacteria, sediments in sucrose gradients of low ionic
      strength at a rate 2.0 times faster than linear lambda DNA, species III. The
      addition of ethidium causes the sedimentation rate of species I DNA to decrease
      until enough dye is bound to remove 121 supercoils per molecule. At this point,
      species I co-sediments with nicked and nonsupercoiled species II. Futher
      additions of ethidium cause the sedimentation rate to increase until the relative
      rate of species I is again at least twice that of species III. This classical
      behavior is altered when NaC1 is present in the buffer. In 1.0 M NaC1 the changes
      in S are complex. Initially, species I sediments 1.55 times faster than species
      III. Titration with ethidium caused a decrease in S to an early minimum value,
      than an increase to a first maximum, followed by a decrease to the S of species
      II. At this point enough dye has intercalated to remove 208 superhelical turns.
      Further additions of dye introduce supercoils and cause S to increase again. In
      0.1 to 0.4 M NaC1 the relative S of species I is 1.69 and 1.59, respectively. If
      titrated with ethidium, S first increases to a maximum value then decreases to
      the minimum rate when enough dye is bound to remove 158 and 183 supercoils,
      respectively. The results indicate an increase in the superhelix density from
      0.026 turns per 10 base pairs in buffer alone to 0.045 in the same buffer with
      1.0 M NaC1. If this change in superhelix density results from a concomitant
      change in the average rotation angle between base pairs in the Watson-Crick
      helix, the addition of 1.0 M NaC1 alters the rotation angle by 0.68 degrees per
      base pair.

PMID- 1089650
TI  - The nucleotide sequence in the promoter region of the fene for an Escherichia
      coli tyrosine transfer ribonucleic acid.
AB  - The sequence of 29 nucleotides in the region preceding the initiation of the
      transcription of the Escherichia coli tyrosine tRNA gene has been determined.
      This is: (5')  ---GGGGCGCATCATATCAAATGACGCGCCGC--- (3') (3') --
      CCCCGCGTAGTATAGTTTACTGCGGCGGCG--- (5'). The general approach used for the
      sequence determination involved the DNA polymerase I-catalyzed elongation of
      suitable deoxyribopolynucleotide primers when hybridized to the 1-strand of
      phi80psuIII plus DNA at the appropriate site. Sequences of the newly grown
      oligonucleotide chains were determined by a combination of two-dimensional
      fingerprinting following partial exonucleolytic degradation, nearst neighbor
      analyses, and determination of pyrimidine tracts. Primer elongations were carried
      out in a controlled and stepwise manner and the newly grown oligonucleotide
      chains were kept short by incorporating the following features into the method:
      (a) the insertion of a ribonucleotide unit at or near the 3' terminus of the
      primers; (b) the use of a maximum of three nucleoside 5'-triphosphates in the
      first stage of the elongation reaction isolation of the elongated primer, and its
      reuse in a second step together with different sets of deoxy-nucleoside
      triphosphates; and (c) elongation of the primer using all of the four nucleoside
      triphosphates with one of the triphosphates being supplied in a limiting
      concentration.

PMID- 1089651
TI  - Degradation of abnormal proteins in Escherichia coli. Formation of protein
      inclusions in cells exposed to amino acid analogs.
AB  - Cells of Escherichia coli selectively degrade proteins that have incorporated
      amino acid analogs. Within 1 hour after exposure of cells to canavanine, 50% of
      the analog-containing proteins were degraded to acid-soluble form. At the same
      time, no net loss of canavanine-containing protein occurred from the 100,000 X g
      supernatant. Instead, most of the proteins containing the analog, unlike normal
      ones, accumulated in particulate fractions sedimenting at 10,000 X g or 100,000 X
      g. They were then lost from these fractions concomitant with the degradation of
      the abnormal proteins. The loss of such proteins from particulate fractions
      accounted for all of the protein degraded to acid-soluble form. Similar
      observations were obtained after incorporation of other analogs or puromycin. The
      10,000 X g pellets correspond to amorphous dense intracellular granules visible
      in electron micrographs of cells exposed to canavanine. Upon removal of the
      analog, these granules disappeared, simultaneously with the degradation of the
      analog-containing proteins. These pellets do not resemble a degradative
      organelle, like the lysosome; they are not osmotically sensitive, do not exclude
      inulin, are not enclosed by a membrane, and do not show autolytic activity. The
      proteins in the granules could be solubilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate but not
      by Triton, NaC1, dithiothreitol, RNase, DNase, or phospholipase. The proteins
      extracted from the pellet with sodium dodecyl sulfate tend to become particulate
      again upon removal of this detergent. Incorporation of canavanine caused a
      normally soluble polypeptide, the monomer of beta-galactosidase, to be inactive
      and found in the sedimentable fraction. These findings suggest that (a) the
      presence of amino acid analogs in proteins can make them less soluble, and (b)
      the inclusions are formed by the spontaneous precipitation of abnormal proteins
      rather than by an active granule-forming process.

PMID- 1089652
TI  - Identification of a ribosomal protein necessary for thiostrepton binding to
      Escherichia coli ribosomes.
AB  - A ribosomal protein necessary for thiostrepton binding to Escherichia coli
      ribosomes has been identified using the following criteria: 1. A loss in the
      thiostrepton binding ability of the ribosome was correlated with the selective
      removal of ribosomal protein L11. This was achieved by a comparison of the
      thiostrepton binding ability of 50 S ribosomal subunits treated with 1 M NH4C1
      and 50% ethanol at 37 degrees which still contained protein L11, and subunits
      treated successively at 0 degrees and 37 degrees in the same medium, from which
      protein L11 had been removed. 2. The thiostrepton binding ability of a ribosomal
      core containing only seven proteins, produced by treatment of 50 S subunits with
      4 M LiC1, was fully restored by the rebinding of protein L11, obtained by
      Sephadex G-100 fractionation of the 1 M LiC1 split protein fraction from 50 S
      subunits. In addition, treatment of the 1 M LiC1 split protein fraction with an
      IgG specific for protein L11, uniquely inhibited the restoration of activity. 3.
      Thiostrepton binding to the 4 M LiC1 core, reconstituted with the 1 M LiC1 split
      protein fraction, was blocked by treatment with a monovalent antibody fragment
      (Fab) prepared against protein L11, but not by treatment with antibodies specific
      for the proteins of the 4 M LiC1 core. We conclude, therefore, that protein L11
      is required for the ribosomal binding of thiostrepton.

PMID- 1089653
TI  - Assembly of ribosomal proteins L7, L10, L11, and L12, on the 50 S subunit of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - We have determined the in vitro assembly sequence of ribosomal proteins L7, L10,
      L11, and L12 on Escherichia coli 50 S subunits by reconstitution experiments with
      the use of various ribosomal core particles and split protein fractions produced
      by treatment of 50 S subunits with 1 m NH4Cl and 50% ethanol. Proteins L7, L10,
      L11, and L12 were removed by a two-step treatment, first at 0 degrees, then at 37
      degrees. Small amounts of proteins L1, L5, and L6 were also removed under these
      conditions. A one-step extraction of 50 S subunits at 0 degrees removed only
      proteins L7 and L12, while a similar one-step extraction of intact 50 S subunits
      at 37 degrees removed proteins L7, L12, and L10. Two-dimensional gel
      electrophoresis of the protein components and measurement of the ribosome
      elongation factor G-guanosine diphosphate complex formed with the various
      reconstituted particles showed that the binding of proteins L7 and L12 is
      dependent on the binding of protein L10 and in turn, that the binding of protein
      L10 is dependent on the binding of protein L11.

PMID- 1089654
TI  - Initiation and transcription of a set of transfer ribonucleic acid genes in
      vitro.
AB  - Using RNA polymerase purified from Escherichia coli, DNA isolated from the
      bacteriophage T4, and a bacterial supernatant fraction containing the necessary
      processing enzymes, a set of transfer RNAs can be formed in vitro. To
      characterize the site or sites of initiation of this tRNA transcription,
      rifampicin-resistant complexes of RNA polymerase, DNA, and either ATP (UTP and
      CTP) or GTP (UTP and CTP) were formed, and tRNA was transcribed from these
      stabilized sites. It is concluded that transcription of the entire set is
      initiated by ATP. To study the transcription of the tRNAs, the time sequence of
      the appearance of individual species was determined during synchronous
      transcription of a preformed RNA polymerase-DNA complex. The appearance of three
      RNA species is found to be consistent with the sequential transcription of a
      large polycistronic cluster; the order and distances, inferred from the times of
      transcription, are as required by the existing gene map. It is concluded that the
      initiation of tRNA transcription can occur, without accessory factors, with the
      insertion of ATP at a single or a few closely spaced sites, and that the tRNAs
      encoded by the bacteriophage T4 are present in a single operon.

PMID- 1089655
TI  - Chemical modification of yeast 3-phosphoglycerate kinase.
AB  - Sulfhydryl reagents, as well as mild hydrogen peroxide oxidation, do not inhibit
      the activity of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase, indicating that the single thiol
      group and 3 methionine residues present in the enzyme are not essential for
      activity. Nitration of phosphoglycerate kinase by tetranitromethane inhibits the
      enzyme by reaction with a single tyrosine residue. Substrates provide partial
      protection against inactivation by nitration. Circular dichroism spectra indicate
      that no conformational changes occur upon nitration. However, perturbation of the
      microenvironment surrounding the aromatic amino acid residues, particularly
      tyrosine, was observed. The same perturbation was observed on addition of the
      substrate 3-phosphoglycerate kinase to native phosphoglycerate kinase. The role
      of lysine in the action of yeast phosphoglycerate kinase has been studied by
      modification with O-methylisourea, 2-methoxy-5-nitrotropone, and pyridoxal
      phosphate. Guanidination shows that there are lysines essential for
      phosphoglycerate kinase; extrapolation to zero activity indicates that there are
      three essential lysines as judged by nitrotroponylation and three essential
      lysines when the enzyme is reacted with pyridoxal phosphate. Substrates afford
      partial protection and extrapolation to total protection indicates that up to
      three lysines are protected by MgITP and one lysine by 3-phosphoglycerate.
      Spectrofluorescence and optical rotatory dispersion measurements show that there
      is no detectable conformational change for the guanidinated phosphoglycerate
      kinase and that there are slight changes in the spectra suggesting that there may
      be slight conformational changes for the nitrotroponylated and the pyridoxal
      phosphate-modified enzymes.

PMID- 1089656
TI  - Energy-dependent binding of dansylgalactosides to the beta-galactoside carrier
      protein.
AB  - Fluorescent beta-galactosides (1-(N-dansyl)amino-beta-D-galactopyranoside (DG0),
      2'-(N-dansyl)aminoethyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (DG2), 2'-(N
      dansyl)aminoethyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (oxy-DG2), and 6'-(N-dansyl)aminohexyl
      beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (DG6)) competitively inhibit lactose transport by
      membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli ML 309-225, but are not actively
      transported. An increase in the fluorescence of these dansylgalactosides is
      observed upon addition of D-lactate, imposition of a membrane diffusion potential
      (positive outside), or dilution-induced, carrier-mediated lactose efflux. The
      increase is not observed with 2'-(N-dansyl)aminoethyl-beta-D-thioglucopyranoside
      nor with membrane vesicles lacking the beta-galactoside transport system.
      Moreover, the D-lactate-induced fluorescence increase is blocked or rapidly
      reversed by addition of beta-galactosides, sulfhydryl reagents, inhibitors of D
      lactate oxidation, or uncoupling agents. The fluorescence increase exhibits an
      emission maximum at 500 nm and excitation maxima at 345 nm and at 292 nm. The
      latter excitation maximum is absent unless D-lactate is added, indicating that
      the bound dansylgalactoside molecules are excited by energy transfer from the
      membrane proteins. Titration of vesicles with dansylgalactosides in the presence
      of D-lactate demonstrates that the lac carrier protein constitutes 3 to 4% oof
      the total membrane protein, and that the affinity of the carrier for substrate is
      directly related to the length of the alkyl chain between the galactosidic and
      the dansyl moieties of the dansylgalactosides. In addition, there is excellent
      agreement between the affinity constants of the various dansylgalactosides as
      determined by fluorimetric titration and their apparent Kis for lactose transport
      (KDs and/or apparent Kis are approximately 550, 3o, 40, and 5 muM FOR DG0, DG2,
      oxy-DG2, and DG6, respectively). Polarization of fluorescence measurements with
      DG2 and DG6 demonstrate a dramatic increase in polarization on addition of D
      lactate which is reversed by addition of lactose or anaerobiosis. These findings
      provide strong evidence for the contention that the fluorescence changes observed
      on "energization" of the membrane are due to binding of the dansylgalactosides
      per se, rather than binding followed by transfer into the hydrophobic interior of
      the membrane

PMID- 1089657
TI  - Photoinactivation of the beta-galactoside transport system in Escherichia coli
      membrane vesicles with 2-nitro-4-azidophenyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside.
AB  - 2-Nitro-4-azidophenyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside (azidophenylgalactoside) is
      a competitive inhibitor of lactose transport in membrane vesicles isolated from
      Escherichia coli ML 308-225, exhibiting an apparent Ki of 75 muM. The initial
      rate and steady state level of [3H]azidophenylgalactoside accumulation are
      markedly stimulated by the addition of D-lactate to vesicles containing the lac
      transport system, and kinetic studies reveal an apparent Km of 75 muM. Membrane
      vesicles devoid of the lac transport system do not take up significant amounts of
      azidophenylgalactoside in the presence or absence of D-lactate. When exposed to
      visible light in the presence of D-lactate, azidophenylgalactoside irreversibly
      inactivates the lac transport system. Strikingly, photolytic inactivation is not
      observed in the absence of D-lactate. Kinetic studies of the inactivation process
      yield a KD of 77 muM. Since lactose protects against inactivation and
      azidophenylgalactoside does not inactivate amino acid transport, it is apparent
      that these effects are specific for the lac transport system. The results are
      consistent with the proposal that the lac carrier protein is inaccessible to
      substrate in the absence of energy coupling.

PMID- 1089658
TI  - Accumulation of lipid-soluble ions and of rubidium as indicators of the
      electrical potential in membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli.
AB  - We have studied the accumulation of dibenzyldimethyl-ammonium ion (DDA+) by
      respiring membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli, as an index of the generation of
      an electrical gradient during respiration. Nonrespiring vesicles accumulated DDA+
      when K+ efflux was induced by valinomycin or monactin. By various criteria this
      was shown to be the exchange of one cation for another, independent of metabolism
      and coupled entirely by electrical forces. Uptake of DDA+ by respiring vesicles
      was inhibited by ionophores that translocate electrical charge and by reagents
      that block the respiratory chain. Oxamate and p-chloromercuribenzoate inhibited
      accumulation of DDA+ but did not dissipate a preformed pool; the reason appears
      to be that these reagents are less inhibitory to transport after lactate
      oxidation has begun than they are in resting vesicles. Uptake does not appear to
      involve a biological carrier, but requires trace amounts of a lipid-soluble anion
      such as tetraphenylboron, which has a catalytic role in DDA+ translocation.
      Respiring K+ vesicles accumulated substantially less DDA+ than did Na+ vesicles.
      Na+ was expelled from the vesicles concurrently with DDA+ uptake, whereas Rb+ and
      K+ were not. Thus, DDA+ uptake, whereas Rb+ and K+ were not. Thus, DDA+ uptake
      may be limited in the latter case by the availability of anionic groups. This
      explanation was supported by the finding that the addition of nigericin doubled
      the capacity of K+ vesicles to take up DDA+, presumably by providing a route for
      K+ to exit in exchange for H+. Parallel experiments on the valinomycin-dependent
      accumulation of Rb+ by respiring vesicles indicate that this process is analogous
      to the uptake of DDA+. Ionophores that elicit electrogenic K+ movement also
      induced respiration-linked transport. Proton-conducting ionophores and several
      inhibitors of respiration block Rb+ uptake and dissipated a preformed gradient.
      Preincubation of the vesicles with oxamate or p-chloromercuribenzoate inhibited
      Rb+ uptake, but their addition to respiring vesicles again did not cause efflux.
      Rb+ and DDA+ complete for uptake when present simultaneously. We conclude that
      the accumulation of both DDA+ and Rb+ occurs in response to an electrical
      gradient, vesicle interior negative, produced by respiration.

PMID- 1089659
TI  - Partial purification and properties of an endoribonuclease isolated from human KB
      cells.
AB  - With the use of a precursor to Escherichia coli tRNA-Tyr as a substrate, we have
      detected and partially purified a novel endoribonuclease from the cytoplasm of
      human KB tissue culture cells. This activity, which we have called RNase NU,
      cleaves the tRNA precursor at two sites in that part of the molecule which is not
      included in the mature tRNA sequence and which is normally degraded in vivo. In
      keeping with this observation, we have found that, of a variety of substrates
      tested, only those which are unstable in vivo are attacked by RNase NU. RNase NU
      can be purified from the 0.2 M NH4Cl wash of ribosomes followed by ammonium
      sulfate fractionation and DEAE-Sephadex chromatography. RNase NU cleaves RNA to
      create 3'-phosphate-terminated oligonucleotides. It has a pH optimum near 8.0,
      requires either a monovalent cation (NH4+ is most efficient) or Ca-2+ for optimal
      activity, and is inhibited by 0.1 M PO4-3-. In the course of purifying RNase NU
      we have detected and studied the intracellular distribution of other ribonuclease
      activities in human KB cells.

PMID- 1089660
TI  - Characterization of ribonuclease NU cleavage sites in a bacteriophage phi80
      induced ribonucleic acid.
AB  - Ribonuclease NU, an endoribonuclease isolated from human KB tissue culture cells,
      can cleave a bacteriophage phi80-induced RNA at four distinct sites. Nucleotide
      sequence analysis of the eight cleavage products has shown that the enzyme
      produces oligonucleotides terminating in 3'-phosphate groups, and that the four
      cleavage sites are in the only nonhydrogen-bonded region of the substrate.
      Various aspects of the cleavage reaction with this RNA and with other substrates
      are discussed.

PMID- 1089661
TI  - Purification and properties of a soluble factor required for the deoxyribonucleic
      acid-directed in vitro synthesis of beta-galactosidase.
AB  - The DNA-directed in vitro synthesis of beta-galactosidase has been investigated
      in a system dependent on Escherichia coli ribosomes, a salt wash of the
      ribosomes, and a supernatant fraction. Fractionation of the supernatant has made
      it possible to obtain dependencies on RNA polymerase and another protein factor
      for beta-galactosidase synthesis. The other factor (called L factor) cannot be
      replaced by a variety of proteins known to be required for transcription and
      translation. It has been purified to homogeneity and has a molecular weight of
      approximately 65,000. Although it is required for the in vitro synthesis of beta
      galactosidase, it has no effect on total DNA-dependent amino acid incorporation
      under the conditions of the incubation. However, total RNA synthesis is depressed
      by the addition of L factor in a manner similar to what is observed with rho
      factor could not replace L factor in beta-galactosidase synthesis.

PMID- 1089662
TI  - Threonine deaminase from Salmonella typhimurium. Relationship between regulatory
      sites.
AB  - Kinetic analysis of the biosynthetic threonine deaminase, EC 4.2.1.16, from
      Samonella typhimurium yields hyperbolic substrate saturation curves in the
      absence of, and higher order substrate saturation curves in the presence of, L
      isoleucine. L-Valine reverses this effect of L-isoleucine by restoring the
      hyperbolic substrate saturation curves. The inhibition of enzyme activity and the
      reversal of valine stimulation is a function of a second order concentration of L
      isoleucine, whereas antagonism of inhibition is a function of first order
      concentration of valine. The antagonistic effects on enzyme activity of L
      isoleucine and of L-valine appear as competitive in diagnostic plots. Threonine
      deaminase possesses two L-isoleucine binding sites (Kd equals 3.6 muM) and one L
      valine binding site (Kd equals 26 muM); the binding of these ligands appear
      competitive. Exclusion of L-valine requires the binding of 2 molecules of L
      isoleucine whereas binding of a single L-valine molecule prevents the binding of
      2 L-isoleucine molecules. Cooperative binding of L-isoleucine is not observed
      under any of the conditions tested. Two cases, expressed in terms of modified
      Adair equations and based upon the assumption that L-threonine also serves as an
      activator ligand which binds to the L-valine site, are presented. Case I states
      that liganding of the activator sites must percede substrate-binding at the
      active site, and Case II states that the activator site liganding is required
      solely for reactivation of the L-isoleucine-inhibited enzyme. Analysis of kinetic
      data by a curve-fitting process suggests that Case II described the relationship
      between the activator site and the L-isoleucine sites. An enzymatically inactive
      derivative of threonine deaminase, prepared by reduction with borohydride, binds
      isoleucine and valine in a manner similar to native holoenzyme. Binding of L
      threonine and L-valine to the derivatized enzyme is competitive. The Kd for
      threonine binding is 3 mM, which is in excellent agreement with the Kd determined
      by the curve fitting process. It is concluded that the modulation of threonine
      deaminase activity is wrought by interaction between inhibitor sites and an
      activator site rather than inhibitor and active sites and that induced
      transitions rather than concerted transitions more adequately describe the
      underlying regulatory principle.

PMID- 1089663
TI  - Investigations concerning the mode of action of 3,4-dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonate
      on Escherichia coli.
AB  - Experiments were performed to evaluate the ability of the enzymes of Escherichia
      coli involved in glycerol 3-phosphate metabolism to recognize phosphonic acid
      analogues of the natural substrate. Neither the catabolic membrane-bound glycerol
      3-phosphate dehydrogenase nor the acyl coenzyme A: glycerol-3-phosphate
      acyltransferase can use 3,4-dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphnate or 2,3-dihydroxypropyl-1
      phosphonate are inhibitors of the reduction of dihydroxyactone phosphate as
      substrates. The 4-carbon phosphonic acid analogue does not exhibit inhibitory
      activity for either of these enzymes. While the 3-carbon phosphonic acid analogue
      has no inhibitory effect upon the catabolic dehydrogenase, it does appear to have
      a slight but reproducible inhibitory effect on the acyltransferase. Glycerol 3
      phosphate and 3,4-dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonate by glycerol 3-phosphate:NAD (P)
      oxidoreductase. rac-2,3-Dihydroxypropyl-1-phosphonate does not appear to be
      recognized by this enzyme. The apparent K-i for snglycerol 3-phosphate is 19 muM
      and for D-3,4-dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonate it is 42 muM. In addition the glycerol
      3-phosphate:NAD(P) oxidoreductase catalyzes the reduction of 4-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl
      1-phosphonate (apparent K-m of 182 muM), a phosphonic acid analogue of
      dihydroxyacetone phosphate. 3,4-Dihydroxybutyl-1-phosphonate is both a
      competitive inhibitor (apparent Ki of 740 muM) and a substrate (apparent K-m of
      450 muM) for the CDP-diglyceride: glycerol 3 phosphate phosphatidyltransferase
      but it has no effect upon CDP-diglyceride:L-serine phosphatidyltransferase. The
      relationship ofthese in vitro studies to in vivo investigations is discussed.

PMID- 1089664
TI  - Studies on tyrosine phenol lyase. Modification of essential histidyl residues by
      diethylpyrocarbonate.
AB  - Tyrosine phenol-lyase of Escherichia intermedia is inactivated by treatment with
      diethylpyrocarbonate at pH 6.0 AND 4 degrees. Spectrophotometric studies show
      that the inactivation is stoichiometric, with a modification of 2 histidyl
      residues per molecule of the enzyme. Finding that this inactivation is largely
      reversed by treatment with hydroxylamine indicates that the inactivation is
      mainly due to modification of the histidyl residues. No changes in the sulfhydryl
      content or in the aromatic amino acids are observed as a result of this
      modification. The modified tyrosine phenol-lyase retains most of its ability to
      form a nearly normal complex with its coenzyme, pyridoxal phosphate. This has
      been shown by studies of its absorption, by the determination of pyridoxal
      phosphate, and by reduction of the holoenzyme with tritiated sodium borohydride.
      The modified enzyme also appears to form a Schiff base intermediate with L
      alanine. The modified holoenzyme fails to catalyze the exchange of the alpha
      hydrogen of L-alanine with tritium from tritiated water. This is consistent with
      a catalytic role for modified histidyl residues at the active site of the enzyme;
      this role is the removal of the alpha-hydrogen of substrates.

PMID- 1089665
TI  - N-Acetylglutamate synthase of Escherichia coli regulation of synthesis and
      activity by arginine.
AB  - N-Acetylglutamate synthase, the first enzyme of arginine biosynthesis, was
      stabilized in crude extracts from Escherichia coli. At 4 degrees the enzyme lost
      less than 5% of activity per day. L-Arginine repressed the formation of N
      acetylglutamate synthase. Under conditions of genetic or physiological
      derepression, a specific activity of approximately 50 nmol per min per mg of
      protein was measured. No activity (i.e. less than 0.2 nmol per min per mg of
      protein) could be detected in extracts from cells grown under conditions of
      repression, whereas an intermediate level was found in cell cultivated on minimal
      medium. In a 6-fold purified preparation L-arginine inhibited the enzyme. Of 11
      precursors and analogues of arginine tested only O-[L-norvalyl-5]-isourea
      inhibited N-acetylglutamate synthase as strongly as L-agrinine.

PMID- 1089666
TI  - The fate of ribosomes in Escherichia coli cells starved for a carbon source.
AB  - The disappearance of ribosomes in Escherichia coli cells starved for a carbon
      source was studied. We used a series of mutants, some of them lacking in
      ribonuclease I(RNase I, EC 2.7.7.17), and other containing various combinations
      of modified polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase, EC 2.7.7.8) and modified
      ribonuclease II (RNase II, EC 3.1.4.1). RNA was prepared from the starved mutant
      cells and separated on polyacrylamide gels. The results obtained indicate that 23
      S RNA degradation is similar in all strains that lack RNase I, and is slightly
      increased in the strain that contains this enzyme. The extent of 16 S RNA
      degradation is identical in all strains tested. RNA species in the size of 4 S
      and smaller accumulate in mutants containing modified forms of PNPase and RNase
      II. The appearance of an RNA species 10% smaller than 16 S RNA (d16 S RNA) was
      observed in all strains that contain unmodified RNase II. Analysis of ribosomes
      and polysomes and their RNA content indicated that polysomes are converted to
      monosomes and these, in turn, to ribosomal subunits. No RNA degradation products
      were found in polysomes, 70 S, OR 50 C particle; 30 S subunits contained 16 S RNA
      as well as the d16 S RNA species. Subunits are degraded to a similar extent in
      all strains lacking RNase I, and at a slightly faster rate in the strain that
      contains RNase I. The RNA to protein ratio in subunits prepared from starved
      cells is similar to that of unstarved cultures. Very little degradation of
      ribosomal proteins occurs in these mutants during carbon starvation. The proteins
      released from degraded ribosomes are found in the fast sedimenting (20,000 times
      g) pellet. Cell viability studies indicated a direct correlation between the
      capacity of the mutants to recovery from starvation and their capacity to degrade
      RNA. Thus a biological necessity for degradation of ribosomes during starvation
      is implied. Based on these data we propose that the endonucleolytic degradation
      of ribosomal RNA is the primary event in starvation degradation. It takes place
      in ribosomal subunits, which fall apart after the endonucleoltic attack. The RNA
      pieces produced by this cleavage are degraded to nucleotide by RNase II and
      PNPase. The ribosomal proteins attach to the cell membrane.

PMID- 1089667
TI  - A kinetic study of dihydrolipoyl transacetylase from bovine kidney.
AB  - The mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex contains a core, consisting of
      dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, to which pyruvate dehydrogenase and dihydrolipoyl
      dehydrogenase are joined. This report describes studies on the kinetic mechanism
      of the transacetylase-catalyzed reaction between [1-14C]acetyl-CoA and
      dihydrolipoamide. This reaction appears to be a model of the physiological
      reaction, in which the acetyl group is transferred from the S-acetyldihydrolipoyl
      moiety, bound covalently to the transacetylase, to CoA. The model reaction is not
      affected by pyruvate dehydrogenase or dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, their
      substrates and products, or by removal of the covalently bound lipoyl moiety.
      These findings, together with the results of initial velocity, product
      inhibition, and dead-end inhibition studies, indicate that the model reaction
      and, apparently, the physiological reaction as well, proceeds via the Random Bi
      Bi (rapid equilibrium) mechanism. It appears that at the catalytic center of the
      transacetylase there are two adjacent sites, one that binds CoA and acetyl-CoA
      and another that binds dihydrolipoamide and S-acetyldihydrolipoamide (or the
      corresponding forms of the covalently bound lipoyl moiety.

PMID- 1089668
TI  - Angiography in the diagnosis of osteoid-osteoma of the hand.
AB  - Angiographic findings characteristic of osteoid-osteoma are described in two
      cases of osteoid-osteoma of the bones of the wrist. While the etiology of the
      disease is not understood, a developmental relationship between the osteoid
      osteoma nidus and increased vascularity is suggested.

PMID- 1089669
TI  - Pelvic displacement osteotomy for chronic hip dislocation in myelodysplasia.
AB  - Twelve children with lumbar-level myelodysplasia (average age, eight and three
      quarter years) underwent twenty-one pelvic displacement osteotomies for
      subluxated or dislocated hips. Nineteen of the twenty-one hips remained reduced
      on three-year follow-up. Gains in gait pattern, ease of bracing, and reduced
      pelvic obliquity were noted. Active function about the hips was not improved, nor
      was there a decrease in the amount of bracing needed following the osteotomy.
      Pelvic displacement osteotomy can be utilized in selected cases as part of the
      over-all management of chronic hip dislocation in myelodysplasia.

PMID- 1089670
TI  - The immunogenicity of fresh and frozen allogeneic bone.
AB  - Both fresh and frozen allogeneic bone elicit both acellular and humoral immune
      response. This response includes the development of enhancing factors which block
      detectable immunity and probably protect the graft from rejection. There seems to
      be no evidence of an alteration in immunogenicity by freezing of the graft. The
      importance of these observations lies in the potential technique of employing
      fresh viable allografts; prior freezing and tissue matching for HL-A
      transplantation antigens should not be necessary.

PMID- 1089671
TI  - Physical and biological aspects of repair in dog cortical-bone transplants.
AB  - The amount of repair and the time required to accomplish repair of four
      centimeter segmental fibular transplants in twenty-one male adult dogs were
      determined at from two to forty-eight weeks after transplantation by torsional
      stress testing, microradiography, and tetracycline labeling. The transplanted
      cortical bone was greatly weakened at from six weeks to six months but was nearly
      normal at one year. The strength of the transplant appeared to be related to the
      amount of porosity of the matrix rather than to the quality or completeness of
      biological repair. Spatially, the repair was ordered rather than random. The
      initial resorption caused increased porosity which was slowly offset by
      apposition of new bone, a process which was dependent on general skeletal
      metabolic activity. Although physical strength was near normal at forty-eight
      weeks, only 60 per cent of the transplants had been remodeled.

PMID- 1089672
TI  - Neglected rupture of the Achilles tendon. Treatment by V-Y tendinous flap.
AB  - A method is described that achieves end-to-end anastomosis of ruptures of the
      Achilles tendon. A sliding tendinous flap is developed over the proximal portion
      of the tendon by making an inverted V incision which is then repaired in a Y
      fashion. The procedure is recommended for patients with neglected ruptures of the
      Achilles tendon in which end-to-end anastomosis is otherwise impossible.

PMID- 1089673
TI  - The torn shoulder capsule.
AB  - Tears of the shoulder capsule attended by retraction of the edges of the tear,
      inability to close the gap, and pathological changes in the biceps tendon may be
      very effectively managed by: (1) a transacromial exposure with a V-shaped
      osteotomy and subsequent replacement of the acromion with bone screws, and (2)
      standard repairs of the shoulder capsule after the biceps tendon has been
      reseated in a newly constructed, more laterally located groove in the head of the
      humerus. The follow-up results document the value of these procedures done on a
      group of fourteen patients.

PMID- 1089674
TI  - Diphenylhydantoin gingival hyperplasia. A clinicopathological review. 1.
      Incidence, clinical features and histopathology.

PMID- 1089675
TI  - Observations on the male nucleus during fertilization in the fern Pteridium
      aquilinum.
AB  - Fertilization of eggs of Pteridium under controlled conditions has revealed that
      archegonia containing viable eggs require more than 30 min flooding before
      opening. Syngamy appears to take place by an engulfing action, and no evidence
      was found of a 'membrane-fusion' kind of conjugation. Although the gametic
      nucleus lacks a recognizable envelope, as soon as it comes into contact with the
      female cytoplasm an envelope is reconstituted from an opaque layer at the surface
      of its chromatin. This membrane also undergoes growth, the outer layer extending
      into the cytoplasm and surrounding spermatozoid mitochondria. The male envelope
      remains distinct from the female, and lacks evaginations and well defined pores.
      The male nucleus lies in irregular loops within a funnel, filled with egg
      cytoplasm, formed by the microtubular ribbon of the gamete. The mouth of the
      funnel is bordered by the multi-layered structure. Karyogamy is initiated at the
      anterior end of the male nucleus, the orifice connecting the 2 nuclei widening
      from about 0-1 to 2 mum in diameter during fusion. The contents of the male
      nucleus flow through the mouth of the funnel into the female, the chromatin
      relaxing locally, but retaining a rod-like form. The envelope of the male nucleus
      is probably resorbed at the site of junction. There is no evidence that it
      contributes significantly to the envelope of the zygotic nucleus.

PMID- 1089676
TI  - Observations on the ultrastructure of the choanoflagellate Codosiga botrytis
      (Ehr.) Saville-Kent with special reference to the flagellar apparatus.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the choanoflagellate Codosiga botrytis is described with
      particular reference to the flagellar appendages, the flagellar rootlet system,
      the transition zone, the basal body and accessory centrioles, and the stalk. The
      controversial early reports of flagellar appendages in this species have been
      confirmed and they have been detected in 2 further species, Salpingoeca
      frequentissima and Monosiga sp. The appendages consist of a delicate bilateral
      vane 2 mum wide on either side of the axis, composed of extremely fine
      overlapping or interwoven fibrils. The flagellar root system consists of a large
      number of radiating microtubules associated with bands of electron-dense material
      near the basal body; striated roots are absent. The microtubules extend from
      several separate foci, those in any one group originating near a composite
      electron-dense band, and for a distance of 300 nm from the basal body they are
      separated by blocks of interstitial material. The flagellar basal body forms one
      of a diplosome pair of centrioles. The triplet microtubules of the accessory
      centriole are embedded in amorphous electron-dense material and the whole is
      enveloped in a sheath of similar appearance. The existence of a third centriole
      close to the diplosome pair is also reported. The relatively complex structure of
      the flagellar transitional zone is described. The stalk is composed of a core of
      circular lacunae, which may or may not contain finger-like protoplasmic
      extensions of the posterior end of the cell, surrounded by a continuation of the
      sheath material which encloses the remainder of the protoplast. In the stalk only
      there is a further closely sheathing layer about 15 nm thick which is regularly
      striated, the spacing of the striations in shadowcast material and sections being
      about 3 times that measured by negative staining. The structure of
      choanoflagellates differs widely from that of the algal class Chrysophyceae, the
      group in which they are included in some classifications, and from the remainder
      of the algae; they do not appear to have a place in either the algae or the plant
      kingdom. The structure of Codosiga botrytis is briefly compared with that of
      sponge choanocytes and collared cells in the Metazoa and some of the possible
      phylogenetic implications of this are indicated.

PMID- 1089677
TI  - Deit as an etiological factor in the development of cancers of the colon and
      rectum.

PMID- 1089678
TI  - Metabolism and effects of synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in
      children and adults.

PMID- 1089679
TI  - Insulin metabolism in chronic uremia and in the anephric state: effect of the
      dialytic treatment.

PMID- 1089680
TI  - The relationship between self-concept and the Draw-A-Person test.

PMID- 1089681
TI  - Hygiene in the prevention of udder infections. I. Comparative efficacy of four
      teat dips.
AB  - Three trials of teat dips were conducted with experimental exposure to mastitis
      pathogens. A control group of animals and a group treated with a hypochlorite
      preparation were included in all trials while a third group was dipped with a
      different iodophor preparation in each trial. Four teat dips were highly
      effective in reducing the incidence of udder infection. Some teat irritation was
      transitory during each trial; most occurred in the hypochlorite group.

PMID- 1089682
TI  - Hygiene in the prevention of udder infections. II. Evaluation of oil-based teat
      dips.
AB  - Oil-based teat dips containing iodine at .5 and 1% were compared in a series of
      studies with two water-based iodophor products of the same concentration and also
      with undipped controls. When the two types of products were tested at .5% under
      conditions of natural infection, the water-based dip was four times more
      effective than the oil-based dip at preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections.
      In three subsequent trials teats were experimentally exposed to S. aureus and
      Streptococcus agalactiae. Five times more S. aureus infections developed in a
      group dipped with the oil-based dip at 1% iodine with an undipped control yielded
      no significant difference for S. aureus infections. The 1% iodine water-based
      product was nine times more effective in preventing S. aureus infections than the
      1% oil-based product. Differences in the incidence of S. agalactiae infections
      were nonsignificant within the individual trials. Though ineffective in
      preventing udder infections oil-based products were effective in creating a
      supple condition of teat skin.

PMID- 1089683
TI  - Hygiene in the prevention of udder infections. III. Effectiveness of 59 teat dips
      for reducing bacterial populations on teat skin.
AB  - Fifty-nine teat dips were tested for effectiveness in reducing populations of
      experimentally applied Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus on teat
      skin. The results varied widely among products. Populations of S. agalactiae
      recovered from dipped teats ranged from a 98.3% reduction to a 147.4% increase as
      compared to undipped controls. Reductions in recoverable S. aureus ranged from
      98.5 to 43.6%. The products yielding the highest germicidal activity did not
      conform to a consistent pattern in type and concentration of active ingredients,
      presence or lack of specific emollients, or pH. Approximately 20% of the products
      yielded a low activity. Each of six oil-based products performed poorly and
      frequently increased numbers of organisms.

PMID- 1089684
TI  - Estrus detection and estrus detection aids.
AB  - There is no substitute for good management. Each animal should be identified
      carefully. The herds man should know all signs of estrus or impending estrus. In
      addition, for visual detection of estrus to be highly effective, sufficient time
      must be taken at least twice a day to catch animals with a short estrus period.
      Presently there are two visual aids to estrus detection which provide potential
      24-h surveillance. One aid is a pressure sensitive device mounted on the back of
      each cow which can be triggered when the cow stands for mounting. The second one
      is a marking device worn by sexually aggressive animals which will stripe with
      colored ink the back of estrous animals as the marker animal mounts and
      dismounts. Both devices are effective when used properly. Other tests of changes
      in cervical mucus, vaginal characteristics, temperature, blood flow, and hormone
      changes in blood and milk are either not suffciently reliable or else simple
      enough yet to be practical aids for routine detection of estrus in dairy cattle.
      Milk progesterone can assist in characterizing problem cows.

PMID- 1089685
TI  - Early postpartum breeding in dairy cows. A review.

PMID- 1089686
TI  - Evaluation of Heliothis nuclear polyhedrosis virus in a cottonseed oil bait for
      control of Heliothis virescens and H. zea on cotton.

PMID- 1089687
TI  - Citation for the William J. Gies award to Bryant Winfield C. Dunn.

PMID- 1089688
TI  - Citation for honorary fellowship to Melvin R. Laird.

PMID- 1089689
TI  - Citation for the award of merit to John Goetz.

PMID- 1089690
TI  - In memoriam. Dr. Otto W. Brandhorst.

PMID- 1089691
TI  - The President of the College (Dr. P. Earle Williams).

PMID- 1089692
TI  - Whatever happened to EPSDT?

PMID- 1089693
TI  - 80 years of dental radiography.

PMID- 1089694
TI  - Rehabilitation of the atrophic edentulous maxilla by bone grafting.
AB  - Transoral bone grafting is a useful method for the reconstruction of the atrophic
      maxillary residual ridge in patients who cannot retain complete dentures. The
      indications, criteria for patient selection, and the technique used have been
      presented.

PMID- 1089695
TI  - Further studies on gold alloys used in fabrication of porcelain-fused-to-metal
      restorations.
AB  - Composition, microstructure, castability, mechanical properties, and heat
      treatment characteristics of two gold-palladium-silver-based alloys were studied.
      The materials exhibited compositional as well as microstructural differences.
      Clinically acceptable castings could not be obtained when manufacturers'
      recommended casting temperatures were used. Ultimate tensile strength, yield
      strength, modulus of elasticity, and Brinell hardness values for the alloys were
      comparable. The elastic limit of Cameo, however, was significantly higher than
      that of vivo-star. Maximum rehardening of annealed castings occurred on reheat
      treatment at temperatures between 1,200 and 1,300 F. As-cast specimens, however,
      were not heat hardenable. The sequence of heat treatments used in the application
      of porcelain reduced slightly the hardness of both alloys. Hardness of the metal
      substructures was not increased by return of porcelain-coated specimens to a
      1,250 F oven for final heat treatment.

PMID- 1089696
TI  - Partially prefabricated dentures. Council on Dental Materials and Devices.

PMID- 1089697
TI  - Humoral and cellular immunity in asthma.
AB  - Parameters of humoral and cellular immunity have been measured in 91 asthmatic
      patients. Mean serum levels of IgG and IgE were raised. IgG levels were higher in
      those with a family history of asthma. IgE levels were higher in those with a
      past history of atopic eczema, but intrinsic and extrinsic asthma could not be
      differentiated on the basis of IgE levels. Thirteen of 74 patients failed to
      respond to tetanus immunization, while only 1 failed to respond to Salmonella
      typhi H antigen. Tetanus nonresponders had a raised mean serum IgA level, reduced
      spontaneous lymphocyte tritiated thymidine uptake, and reduced thymidine uptake
      in fetal calf serum. Eight of 87 patients failed to mount delayed
      hypersensitivity reactions to a battery of five intradermal antigens. The
      tritiated thymidine uptake of lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin was
      normal in autologous serum, but reduced in fetal calf serum. The data support the
      hypothesis that asthma may be associated with immunodeficiency states.

PMID- 1089698
TI  - The presence of IgE on the surface of lymphocytes in nasal polyps.
AB  - The presence of IgE-bearing lymphocytes in nasal polyps was correlated with the
      patients' atopic status. Following surgical removal, the polyp tissue was treated
      with hyaluronidase and a single-cell suspension was obtained. Lymphocytes were
      isolated by gradient centrifugation, and the fluorescent antibody technique was
      used to study the presence of various immunoglobulin markers on the surface of
      lymphocytes. The presence of IgE-bearing cells was correlated with serum IgE
      levels, history of allergy, and skin test reactions. Patients with a positive
      atopic history had intermediate to high serum IgE levels. There was no
      correlation between IgE level and skin reactivity in these patients. Good
      correlation was obtained between the number of IgE-bearing cells in nasal polyps
      and serum IgE levels in atopic patients. The IgE-bearing cells represented 10 to
      40 per cent of total immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes. No IgE-bearing cells
      were detected in five of six patients with a negative atopic history and negative
      skin tests. Thus IgE may be synthesized within nasal polyps of atopic patients,
      and the polyps in atopic patients may have a different etiology from those in
      nonatopic patients.

PMID- 1089699
TI  - Ralph I. Alford, M. D. (1904-1974).

PMID- 1089700
TI  - Dan H. Campbell (1907-1974).

PMID- 1089701
TI  - Charles H. Eyermann (1889-1974).

PMID- 1089702
TI  - An approach to dietary management of the patient with renal disease.

PMID- 1089703
TI  - Croup: review and guidelines for management.

PMID- 1089704
TI  - Fractures of the patella: closed and open repair versus patellectomy.

PMID- 1089705
TI  - Smallpox vaccine, past and present.

PMID- 1089706
TI  - Clostridium botulinum in Scottish fish farms and farmed trout.
AB  - Rainbow trout and specimens of pond mud were collected from three fish farms and
      examined for the presence of Clostridium botulinum. Two of the farms were
      constructed with concrete channels and one was mud-bottomed. Cl. botulinum was
      isolated only from the mud-bottomed farm (24% of muds), and the isolates were all
      non-proteolytic type B. The implications of the presence of Cl. botulinum spores
      in the mud of fish farms is discussed.

PMID- 1089707
TI  - An "in-production" method for testing the sterility of infusion fluids.
AB  - The addition of dehydrated broth powder to a random selection of bottles from
      each batch of infusion fluids before sterilization, followed by incubation of the
      bottles after sterilization, provides a method of sterilty testing which
      possesses many advantages over the traditional method of culturing small samples
      from bottles after sterilization.

PMID- 1089708
TI  - Identification of two populations of immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes in man.
AB  - Human peripheral blood lymphocytes bearing easily detectable surface
      immunoglobulin were quantitated with routine immunofluorescence procedures. The
      mean value in 17 healthy adults were 18% (range 9 to 30%). When the cells were
      preincubated at 37 degrees C and washed at the same temperature before staining,
      the mean value decreased to 9% (range 4.5 to 18%) (p less than 0.001). The mean
      value increased to 32% (range 15 to 49%) when the cells were prepared and washed
      at 4 degrees C, and this value was also significantly different from values at
      room temperature (p less than 0.01). These temperature-related effects were
      explained by IgG that remained bound to the cell membrane at 4 degrees C, but
      eluted at 37 degrees C in serum-free medium. The total number of Ig-bearing
      lymphocytes and T lymphocytes determined by rosette formation with sheep
      erythrocytes approached 100%. These studies indicate two populations of Ig
      bearing lymphocytes in healthy subjects: one with surface-stable Ig determinants,
      and another that lacks these markers, but has receptors capable of binding IgG.

PMID- 1089709
TI  - Subepidermal deposition of immunoglobulin in NZB/NZW F hybrid mice.
AB  - The dermal-epidermal junction of NZB/NZW F1 hybrid mice is a site of
      immunoglobulin (Ig) deposition. This produces a fluorescent band which is very
      similar to that seen in the skin of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
      The deposition of Ig in the mouse skin is first observed at six months of age and
      increases in frequency thereafter. After an initial lag of 1 to 2 months, it
      parallels the age-related deposition of Ig in the kidney. The observed temporal
      relationship between glomerular and cutaneous Ig deposition supports the concept
      that the presence of immunoglobulin in the skin is highly indicative of the
      presence of immune complexes in the kidney.

PMID- 1089710
TI  - E receptors on blasts from untreated acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL): 
      comparison of temperature dependence of E rosettes formed by normal and leukemic
      lymphoid cells.
AB  - The presence of receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E) and sufrace Ig on the bone
      marrow blasts was investigated in 29 children with untreated acute lymphocytic
      leukemia (ALL). In 6 of them more than 50% of the bone marrow blasts formed E
      rosettes, while in none of the 29 were surface Ig detected. The six children with
      rosette-forming blasts had WBS greater than 5 times 10-4/mm-3 at admission and 4
      of them presented with thymic enlargement. E-positive ALL blasts and normal human
      thymocytes formed rosettes after incubation for 1 hr at 4 degrees C or 37 degrees
      C. In contrast, normal human peripheral T lymphocytes from blood, spleen, and
      pleural fluid also formed rosettes at 4 degrees C but these rosettes dissociated
      at 37 degrees C. In two patients with E-positive ALL, the disappearance from
      blood of cells forming rosettes at 37 degrees C during the 1st week of treatments
      paralleled the reduction in circulating blasts. Conversely, after 6 days of
      therapy almost one-half of the remaining cells formed rosettes at 4 degrees C and
      had the morphologic features of normal lymphocytes. We conclude that, in contrast
      to peripheral T cells, normal thymic cells and E-positive blasts share the
      property of forming E rosettes after 1-hr incubation at 37 degrees C. In patients
      with E-positive ALL this property may be used to evaluate drug effects upon
      leukemic and normal T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1089711
TI  - Depression of humoral immunity to sheep erythrocytes in vitro by Friend virus
      leukemic spleen cells: induction of resistance by statolon.
AB  - The in vitro antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response of normal spleen cells
      exposed to sheep erythrocytes in Marbrook chambers was depressed by the addition
      of Friend virus (FV) leukemic spleen cells. Fewer than 10-5 leukemic cells
      inhibited the PFC response of 10-7 normal cells. This immunodepression could not
      be produced with sonicated, irradiated, or mitomycin C-treated leukemic cells or
      with cellfree FV. It could be blocked by FV immune serum but was unaffected by
      high titers of purified interferon. Interferon did not inhibit the immune
      response of normal spleen cells to sheep erythrocytes. Spleen cells from mice
      treated with statolon or chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose statolon but not Newcastle
      disease virus or poly rI:poly rC were resistant to immunodepression in vitro by
      FV leukemic spleen cells. The unique ability of statolon to prevent
      immunodepression by leukemic spleen cells may be the basis of its FV leukemo
      suppressive activity in vivo.

PMID- 1089712
TI  - Immunosuppression by leukemia viruses. Effect of Friend leukemia virus on humoral
      immune competence of leukemia-resistant C57BL/6 mice.
AB  - Infection of genetically resistant C57BL/6 mice with Friend leukemia virus
      resulted in a marked but transient immunodepression of the humoral immune
      response to sheep erythrocytes. The primary immune response to sheep erythrocytes
      was depressed in mice infected 1 or 3 days before challenge immunization, but no
      suppression was observed when the interval was greater. The suppression coincided
      with the time of transient viremia in the mice. The secondary immune response to
      sheep erythrocytes was inhibited when virus was injected within a few days before
      booster immunization. Induction of immunologic "memory" to sheep erythrocytes was
      also blocked in C57BL/6 mice given virus before priming with the SRBC. The
      immunosuppressive activity appeared due to a marked but transient effect of the
      virus on antibody precursor cells, as ascertained by cell transfer experiments.
      These observations are pertinent to the general question to the cellular site of
      action of immunosuppressive tumor viruses and the relationship between
      immunosuppression and the neoplastic properties of the RNA viruses.

PMID- 1089713
TI  - Differential IgA repopulation after transfer of autologous and allogeneic rabbit
      Peyer's patch cells.
AB  - The distribution and differentiation of rabbit Peyer's patch cells were studied
      in lethally x-irradiated autologou, and allogeneic recipients, 6 days after i.v.
      transfer. Immunoglobulin Ig-containing cells were detected in both frozen tissue
      sections and fixed smears of single cell suspensions of spleens using
      monospecific anti-alpha, -mu, and -iota antisera in direct immunofluorescence.
      The tissues of lethally x-irradiated rabbits which had not received any cells
      were almost devoid of Ig-containing cells whereas the intestinal lamina propria
      of both autologous and allogeneic Peyer's patch cell recipients had approximately
      equal numbers of predominantly IgA-containing cells. In the spleen of allogeneic
      recipients, many large colonies of IgA-containing cells were seen and these cells
      made up 4.6 to 16.9% (mean 8%) of all spleen cell suspension. The spleens of
      autologous recipients contained fewer and smaller colonies of IgA cells which
      made up only 0.5% of all cells in spleen cell suspensions. The numbers of IgM-
      and IgG-containing spleen cells were small in all animals, however, recipients of
      allogeneic Peyer's patch cells had four to five times as many as either non
      reconstituted lethally irradiated rabbits or autologous recipients. These data
      confirm that rabbit Peyer's patches are relatively rich in precursors of IgA
      producing cells and suggest that histocompatibility differences may either
      potentiate differentiation of IgA production or lead to trapping of allogeneic
      Peyer's patch cells in the spleen. Although these experiments did not elucidate
      the mechanisms of differentiation of IgA-producing cells, the fact that no
      differences were seen between numbers of IgA cells in gut lamina propria after
      either autologous or allogeneic cell transfer suggest that different mechanisms
      may be responsible for appearance of these cells in gut and spleen.

PMID- 1089714
TI  - Studies on the composition of adjuvants which selectively enhance delayed-type
      hypersensitivity to lipid conjugated protein antigens.
AB  - Hen egg albumin (HEA), heavily conjugated with dodecanoic acid (D-HEA),
      stimulated sustained delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) specific for HEA without
      detectable antibody formation in guinea pigs. An oil-in-water emulsion containing
      purified BCG cell walls attached to the oil drops was found to be a very
      effective adjuvant for enhancing DTH to D-HEA, but not to HEA. Animals immunized
      with D-HEA in the BCG cell wall emulsion produced skin test reactions 2.4 cm in
      diameter when challenged with HEA 21 days after a single immunization. Control
      animals immunized with D-HEA in saline produced skin reactions 1 cm in diameter
      to similar challenge. Neither group of animals produced detectable antibody to
      HEA-OR D-HEAmThe emulsion had no adjuvant effect if the BCG cell walls were
      suspended in the aqueous phase and not attached to the oil droplets. Dodecanoic
      acid conjugated Salmonella typhi organisms could be used in place of the BCG cell
      walls to produce effective adjuvant preparations. Fruend's complete adjuvant and
      other water-in-oil emulsions, however, were found to be ineffective adjuvants for
      enhancing the degree of DTH produced by D-HEA. Experiments with autoradiography
      demonstrated that effective adjuvant preparations promote the localization and
      retention of both 125-I-labeled D-HEA and 125-I-labeled BCG cell walls in the
      paracortical area of lymph nodes where they are in close proximity to many T-type
      lymphocytes which proliferate in the induction of DTH.

PMID- 1089715
TI  - Suppression and enhancement of the T cell-dependent production of antibody to
      SRBC in vitro by bacterial lipopolysaccharide.
AB  - LPS induced the production of antibody to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in
      cultures of spleen cells from normal and T cell-depleted mice, and addition of
      SRBC to the cultures enchanced this T cell-independent response very little. By
      contrast, the T cell-dependent production of antibody to SRBC in vitro was
      suppressed when lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was added at the time when the spleen
      cells were cultured. Later addition of LPS to spleen cell cultures caused
      enhancement of antibody production, but only when LPS had not been added before.
      Addition of T cells that had been primed with SRBC in vivo did not reverse the
      LPS-induced suppression of antibody production. The data are interpreted to mean
      that either B cells are rendered incapable of receiving T cell signals in the
      presence of LPS or that LPS interferes with the appropriate association of
      cellular components which cooperate in the immune response to SRBC.

PMID- 1089716
TI  - Synergistic effects on DNA synthesis of phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A and
      lipopolysaccharide in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - Mixtures of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or Concanavalin A (Con A) and
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) resulted
      in a synergistic effect on DNA synthesis as measured by increased 3H-thymidine
      uptake. These data were compared to the mitogenic response of human PBL to PHA,
      Con A, or LPS alone. Various combinations of PHA and Con A usually suppressed DNA
      synthesis in human PBL. Titration experiments revealed that increasing amounts of
      LPS, in the presence of a constant amount of Con A, resulted in corresponding
      increases in the synergistic response of human PBL. Conversely, increasing
      amounts of Con A, in the presence of a constant amount of LPA did not lead to
      increases in the amount of synergism. The results are discussed in terms of the
      participation of additional cells in the synergistic response of human PBL.

PMID- 1089717
TI  - Functional heterogeneity among the T-derived lymphocytes of the mouse. II.
      Sensitivity of subpopulations to anti-thymocyte serum.
AB  - A number of T cell functions were examined in mice after treatment with rabbit
      anti-mouse thymocyte serum (ATS). Two populations of T cells were distinguished;
      the first, sensitive, and a second, resistant, to elimination by ATS. The helper
      cell involved in the primary humoral response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was
      found within the sensitive population, whereas the T-cells required for the
      priming of mice with SRBC for helper activity or delayed hypersensitivity were
      found within both populations. Previous work and experiments utilizing both adult
      thymectomy and ATS treatment indicated that the ATS-sensitive population is long
      lived, whereas the ATS-resistant population is short-lived.

PMID- 1089718
TI  - Effect of polycations and polyanions on behavior of sheep red blood cell rosettes
      of human lymphocytes.
AB  - The role of cell surface charges in the behavior of sheep red blood  cells (SRBC)
      rosettes with human lymphocytes was investigated by using various polycations and
      polyanions. Polycations (DEAE-dextran, polybrene, poly-L-lysine, spermadine) at
      appropriate concentrations (1) invariably increased the proportions of early
      rosettes. This was so irrespective of whether it was the SRBC or the lymphocytes
      that were being treated with the reagents. (2) The rosettes so formed also
      consisted of a greater number of red blood cells per rosette (3). On incubating
      the rosettes at 37 degrees C, they dissociated by capping. The rates of
      dissociation and capping were retarded by polycation treatment. (4) The
      resistance to rosette disruption was increased. These properties were very
      similar to those observed on cells treated with neuraminidase. Treatment of cells
      with the polyanions heparin and dextran sulfate induced the opposite effects:
      reduced the number of rosettes and increased the rate of dissociation, and
      decreased the resistance of rosettes to disruption. It was concluded that
      alterations of cell surface charges could drastically influence SRBC-lymphocyte
      interactions. To investigate whether rosette inhibitors could do so by altering
      cell surface charges, cell were treated with anti-lymphocytic sera, 2,4
      dinitrophenol and sodium azide. All three agents inhibited rosette formation.
      Whereas DEAE-dextran could partially reverse the inhibition by the first two
      agents, it failed to do so with the third. This suggested that the first two may
      have inhibited rosette formation by altering the surface charges.

PMID- 1089719
TI  - The effect of plasmacytomas on serum immunoglobulin levels of BALB/c mice.
AB  - The effect of tumor growth on serum immunoglobulin levels and on the immune
      response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) was studied in BALB/c mice bearing MOPC-315
      (IgA), MOPC-460 (IgA), MOPC-173 (IgG2a) and MOPC-104E (IgM) to gain insight into
      the immunologic competence of the plasmacytoma-bearing host. The initial increase
      of myeloma protein coincided with the first appearance of the tumor and increased
      as the tumor progressed. However, at the time of death there was little
      correlation between spleen weights, tumor size, and myeloma-protein levels. The
      mean serum concentration of the myeloma proteins reached a higher level in the
      mice bearing tumors transplanted i.p. compared to those with tumors transferred
      subcutaneously (s.c.). Non-myeloma immunoglobulin levels in the serum were
      reduced: IgM was significantly lowered in the presence of MOPC-315 injected i.p.
      and MOPC-460 injected s.c. and the IgG2 levels were depressed in mice injected
      i.p. with MOPC-315 and MOPC-104E. The only significant reduction of IgA levels
      was seen when MOPC-173 was transplanted i.p. The decreases observed in
      immunoglobulin levels correlated with plasmacytoma growth. They were specific for
      myeloma and were not due to tumor growth per se since the levels of all
      immunoglobulins tested increased in the presence of Sarcoma 37, a pleomorphic
      neoplasm. The primary plaque-forming cell (PFC) response of tumor-bearing animals
      after the injection of 0.5 ml of 10% SRBC was either similar or enhanced compared
      to the controls. However, with a lower SRBC dosage (0.5 ml of 2% SRBC) the
      indirect PFC were reduced with mice bearing MOPC-104E and MOPC-173. Tumor sizes
      did not seem to correlate with reduction of the PFC response. MOPC-460-bearing
      mice had a comparable number of PFC per spleen to those of the controls, but
      reduced numbers when calculated per 10 spleen cells. Consistently,
      hemagglutination titers were reduced in all tumor-bearing animals. The number of
      direct and indirect PFC per spleen was increased in mice bearing Sarcoma 37,
      compared to the controls. The possible implications of these findings are
      discussed.

PMID- 1089720
TI  - Ly-4.2: a cell membrane alloantigen of murine B lymphocytes. II. Functional
      studies.
AB  - The alloantigenic specificity Ly-4.2 can be detected on a proportion of
      lymphocytes by the antiserum (BALB/c times SWR)F1 anti-B10.D2. In the preceding
      study it was shown that these lymphocytes were not thymus-derived (T) cells, as
      they were Thy-1 (theta)(-), and were therefore presumably B (bone marrow-derived)
      cells. Evidence is now presented for the reaction of the Ly-4.2 antiserum with
      functional B cells. Thus, the LY-4.2 and Thy-1.2 specificities were detected on
      antigen-binding rosette-forming cells (RFC) in mice both immune and non-immune to
      sheep red cells (SRC). RFC formed to endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were also
      Ly-4.2(+). Memory cells to both SRC andLPS could be detected with anti-Ly-4.2 and
      anti-Thy-1.2 antisera, thereby indicating that both T and B cells are involved in
      memory to these antigens. Both direct and indirect antibody-forming cells (the
      PFC) could be inhibited, in vitro, by anti-Ly-4.2 antiserum, although it is
      likely that not all PFC are Ly-4.2(+). Neither of the specificities Ly-4.2 nor
      Thy-1.2 were detected on the bone marrow precursor of the splenic colony forming
      unit (the CFU). In an assay for B cells, the treatment of lymph node or spleen
      cells with anti-Ly-4.2 before transfer to irradiated recipients could inhibit the
      ability of these cells to make PFC to SRC, and this capacity could only be
      restored by bone marrow cells and not by thymus cells. These studies provide
      clear evidence for the presence of the Ly-4.2 specificity on antibody-forming
      cells and their precursor (B cells).

PMID- 1089721
TI  - Reticulum cell sarcoma: an effector cell in antibody-dependent cell-mediated
      immunity.
AB  - A transplantable, murine reticulum cell sarcoma is described which exhibits the
      cytologic, adherence, and phagocytic properties of macrophages. It forms specific
      rosettes with erythrocytes in the presence of the corresponding anti-serum. The
      ascites cells mediate antibody-dependent cellular immunity as assayed by release
      of radioactivity from 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes. The contribution of
      contaminating host cells in the cytotoxic reaction was ruled out by growing the
      tumor in F1 mice and removing the host cells by anti-H2 serum and complement. The
      tumor cells have receptors for IgG2a and IgG2b immunoglobulins. The availability
      of a pure population of effector cells in the immune system allows study of the
      biochemical processes pursuant to lysis of foreign cells.

PMID- 1089722
TI  - The plaque cytogram assay. II. Correlation between morphology and density of
      linear bovine serum albumin buoyant density gradient-separated immunocompetent
      cells.
AB  - The plaque cytogram assay has been combined with pH 6.8, linear bovine serum
      albumin (BSA) gradients to demonstrate the correlation between the morphology and
      buoyant density of immunocompetent cells. Ten types of plaque-forming cells (PFC)
      and four types of plaques have been identified and enriched in the density
      gradients. Reproducible density profiles of mouse erythrocytes, lymphoid cells,
      and PFC have been obtained with BSA gradients. The density peak for mouse
      erythrocytes was about 1.080 g/ml, while the lymphoid cell density profile had
      several peaks with a maximum concentration at 1.064 g/ml. Three distinct peaks or
      shoulders were found in the density profile of hemolytic PFC. Most of the density
      distributions of the individual morphologic classes of PFC were considerably
      narrower than that of the entire PFC distribution and were discrete from each
      other. The combined result that the PFC could be subdivided by morphology and
      density, and that the two phenomena were correlated establishes that the PFC are
      truly a heterogeneous population. Whether this heterogeneity is due to different
      stages in development or due to the existence of differing classes of cells will
      have to await future experimentation.

PMID- 1089723
TI  - Demonstration of in vitro lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity against measles virus
      in SSPE.
AB  - Patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) are presumed to lack
      specific cellular immunity against measles virus. In order to test this
      hypothesis in vitro, the interaction between peripheral lymphocytes and measles
      virus-infected tissue culture cells was investigated in 10 SSPE patients. Human
      fibroblasts, either uninfected or carrying a persistent measles virus infection,
      were labeled with 51Cr and incubated with lymphocytes for 18 to 20 hr in the
      absence of antibody and complement. Peripheral lymphocytes from measles sero
      positive and sero-negative individuals were tested, and the system was found to
      be virus specific. The lymphocytes from the 10 SSPE patients caused specific
      cytotoxicity of target cells. A correlation was not found between antibody titer
      and specific 51Cr release. It could also be domonstrated that target cell
      destruction was not mediated by monocytes or B lymphocytes. These in vitro
      studies suggest that SSPE patients do not have a specific defect of cellular
      immunity against measles virus.

PMID- 1089724
TI  - Characterization of measles virus-specific cytotoxic antibodies by use of a
      chronically infected cell line.
AB  - The complement-dependent cytotoxic effects of measles virus specific antibodies
      on a chronically infected cell line were studied by a microcytotoxicity assay.
      Cell damage was determined by trypan blue staining. Monospecific antisera against
      the hemagglutinin (HA) and the hemolysin (HL) of the virus were both cytotoxic.
      Rabbits, immunized with measles virus, developed cytotoxic antibodies in parallel
      with the appearance of antibodies against the measles virus HA and HL. Human sera
      with high antibody titers against HA and HL also gave a specific cytotoxic
      reaction. The main part of the activity was carried by IgG in rabbit sera tested
      within 2 weeks after primary immunization and only IgM. The serum reaction was
      characterized by a prozone. The maximal degree of cytotoxicity varied between
      tests performed on different occasions. Complement, at higher concentrations than
      were used for analysis of antibody-mediated cytolysis, caused a significant lysis
      of infected cells. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples containing measles virus
      specific antibodies were investigated. CSF from patients with subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis displayed a pronounced cytotoxicity without a prozone. CSF
      samples from four patients with multiple sclerosis were identified by a specific
      cytotoxic reaction despite low titers of antibodies against HA and HL.

PMID- 1089725
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of stimulation of the humoral response of murine spleen
      cultures by culture fluids from human monocytes.
AB  - It has been demonstrated that media derived from cultures of human monocytes can
      stimulate the IgM and IgG anti-sheep erythrocyte response of normal or T cell
      deficient murine splenocytes in vitro. This culture fluid also causes a slight
      stimulation in the rate of B cell division and in the number of antibody
      secreting cells occurring in the absence of added antigen. The active factors,
      which are released from the monocytes during the first 2 days of culture, appear
      to affect the murine B cells throughout the culture period.

PMID- 1089726
TI  - Antigen-specific and nonspecific mediators of T cell/B cell cooperation. I.
      Evidence for their production by different T cells.
AB  - Evidence is presented for two types of helper T cells in the mouse specific for a
      protein antigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). The first cell is able to help
      B cells respond to the hapten, trinitrophenyl (TNP), when coupled to KLH
      presumably through the participation of KLH-specific T cell factors. The second
      helper cell when stimulated with KLH is able to help B cells respond to red blood
      cell antigens, but not TNP-KLH, through the production of a non-antigen-specific
      factor. Both types of helper cells were shown to be present in the spleens of KLH
      primed mice, although they occurred with different frequencies. They were shown
      to be different T cells by their segregation from each other in vitro at limiting
      dilution.

PMID- 1089727
TI  - Acute destruction of rat skin grafts by alloantisera.
AB  - Rat skin transplanted to mice or to allogeneic rats can be acutely and severely
      damaged by injecting the graft recipients with alloimmune serum of appropriate
      specificity. This susceptibility of rat skin to alloantisera has been obscured in
      previous studies by the fact that the extent of serum-mediated damage that occurs
      is decisively influenced by the interval of time between placement of the grafts
      and the injection of antiserum. Grafts are resistant to damage during the 1st
      week after transplantation; they rapidly develop sensitivity during the 2nd week,
      reaching a peak at 14 to 16 days; and during the next few weeks the sensitivity
      is lost. Grafts surviving beyond 35 to 40 days become totally resistant to
      antisera. LBNF1 GRAFTS Are more resistant than Le or BN grafts to BN anti-Le
      serum or Le anti-BN serum, respectively. However, combinations of the two sera
      can act synergistically to destroy LBN skin that has been grafted to
      immunosuppressed mice. This form of serum-mediated tissue damage is thought not
      to play a significant role in skin graft rejection in the usual circumstances of
      transplantation since cell mediated immunity is well developed before the
      acquisition by the grafts of sensitivity to humoral agents. Furthermore, antisera
      from animals that have rejected a single graft have little or no destructive
      potential, and hyperimmune animals reject skin very shortly after grafting, often
      before the grafts have become vascularized and hence before they are sensitive to
      antiserum.

PMID- 1089728
TI  - Receptor sites for antigen-antibody complexes on cells derived from solid tumors:
      detection by means of antibody sensitized sheep erythrocytes labeled with
      technetium-99m.
AB  - Surface receptor sites for the Fc portion of antigen-antibody complexes were
      demonstrated on cells derived from three methylcholanthrene-induced
      fibrosarcomas, one of strain C3H and two of strain BALB/c origin, two
      spontaneously occurring malignant melanomas (B16 in strain C57BL/6 and Harding
      Passey in strain BALB/c mice), a Moloney sarcoma virus-induced tumor of strain
      BALB/c origin and the Walker 256 carcinosarcoma of Holtzman rats. Primary cell
      cultures derived from these tumors adsorbed technetium-99m labeled, antibody
      sensitized sheep erythrocytes (99mTc EA) as determined either by visual scoring
      of adherence or radioisotopic quantitation. Depending upon the tumor tested, from
      20% to greater than 95% of the target cells absorbed 99mTc EA. All cells lost
      their reactivity after 1 or 2 passages in vitro, but this was regained after a
      single passage in vivo. Indicator erythrocytes coated with F(ab')2 fragments of
      the sensitizing sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) antiserum did not adhere thereby
      demonstrating that the hemadsorption required an intact Fc portion of the
      antibody molecule. Adherence of 99mTc EA was blocked by soluble immune complexes
      prepared with ovalbumin and rabbit antibody directed against it and Escherichia
      coli 055:B5 lipopolysaccharide and mouse antibody directed against it. Normal
      rabbit or mouse serum, immune serum, or antigen alone did not block adherence of
      99mTc EA thereby demonstrating that the receptors had greater affinity for immune
      complexes than for either antigen or antibody alone. The existence of membrane
      receptors on tumor-derived cells which react with the Fc portion of antigen
      antibody complexes may provide an explanation for the mechanism by which immune
      complexes are capable of blocking cell-mediated tumor cell destruction
      irrespective of whether the receptors are on the tumor cells themselves or on
      admixed lymphocytes and macrophages.

PMID- 1089729
TI  - Immune response to liposomal model membranes: restricted IgM and IgG anti
      dinitrophenyl antibodies produced in guinea pigs.
AB  - Guinea pigs were immunized with liposomal model membranes actively sensitized
      with 2,4-dinitrophenyl-aminocaproylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine. The immune response
      was characterized by the formation of both IgM and IgG anti-DNP plaque-forming
      cells (PFC) which paralleled the appearance of anti-DNP antibodies in the serum.
      Plaque inhibition by DNP-lysine indicated that the PFC produced after liposomal
      immunization fell in a much narrower range of avidity groups than the PFC
      obtained after immunization with DNP-albumin and, in this regard, resembled MOPC
      315. The restricted nature of the serum IgG anti-DNP antibodies was confirmed by
      isoelectric focusing and revealed the expression of a limited number of clones in
      all cases.

PMID- 1089730
TI  - Comparative chemical studies of the polyherdral proteins of the nuclear
      polyhedrosis viruses of Bombyx mori and Galleria mellonella.

PMID- 1089731
TI  - Serial passage of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, in
      larvae of rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis.

PMID- 1089732
TI  - A nuclear polyhedrosis virus of Bellura gortynoides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

PMID- 1089733
TI  - Effect of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus on the realtionship between Trichoplusia
      ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and the parasite, Hyposoter exiguae (Hymenoptera:
      Ichneumonidae).

PMID- 1089734
TI  - Motility of Plasmodium berghei ookinetes in vitro.

PMID- 1089735
TI  - Proteolytic cleavage of polyhedral protein during dissolution of inclusion bodies
      of the nuclear polyhedrosis viruses of Bombyx mori and Galleria mellonella under
      alkaline conditions.

PMID- 1089736
TI  - Congenital malformations associated with myelomeningocele.

PMID- 1089737
TI  - Stereotaxic hypophysectomy.

PMID- 1089738
TI  - Nathan Smith Davis: Medical educator.

PMID- 1089739
TI  - Editorial: The broad responsibility of the clinical investigator.

PMID- 1089740
TI  - Biological defense mechanisms. Evidence for the participation of superoxide in
      bacterial killing by xanthine oxidase.
AB  - Incubation of either Staphylococcus epidermidis or Escherichia coli with a
      sufficiently high concentration of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme capable of
      reducing oxygen to superoxide (O2-), resulted in the death of the microorganisms.
      Protection against the killing os S. epidermidis by xanthine oxidase was afforded
      by superoxide dismutase, an enzyme which converts O2- to O2 and H2O2, and also by
      catalase, which destroys H2O2. These findings indicate that neither O2- nor H2O2
      were able to kill S. epidermidis under the experimental conditions, but that the
      bactericidal agent was the product of a reaction between O2- and H2O2. By
      contrast, E. coli was protected by catalase but not by superoxide dismutase. With
      this organism, therefore, H2O2 appears to have been the bactericidal agent.

PMID- 1089741
TI  - The management of rhinoscleroma.
AB  - This investigation showed that the organism klebsiella rhinoscleromatis was
      present consistently in our cases. It was found to be difficult to eradicate
      completely although seemingly sensitive to common antibiotics in vitro. A
      prolonged treatment with bactericidal antibiotics is therefore necessary to
      eradicate it. Nasal dilatation rather than excision of granulations is required
      to restore nearly-normal physiological nasal function. Excision or cautery of
      granulations inside the nose is discouraged so as to avoid atropic changes.

PMID- 1089742
TI  - The world's earliest "journal of legal medicine.".

PMID- 1089743
TI  - The presence of IgA on the surface of rat thoractic duct lymphocytes which
      contain internal IgA.
AB  - The presence of lymphocytes with internal IgA among cells from rat thoracic duct
      lymph wdy. The number of cells detected was greater in animals kept in a
      convential animal house compared with those maintained under specific pathogen
      free conditions. Thoracic duct lymph from B rats and adult thymectomized rats
      also contained cell with internal IgA. The surface Ig of the IgA-containing cells
      was studied using a double-labeling technique with (126I) anti-Ig to detect
      surface Ig, and fluorescein-conjugated anti-IgA  in large amounts, but very
      little IgM and no surface IgG2. The surface IgA was not acquired passively.

PMID- 1089744
TI  - Cross-reactivity between H-2K and H-2D products. I. Evidence for extensive and
      reciprocal serological cross-reactivity.
AB  - Serological cross-reactivity between the products of the H-2K and H-2D genes has
      been demonstrated by a design in which antibody was produced against determinants
      controlled by one locus (e .g . H-2K(k)), and then tested against the product of
      the opposite locus (e .g . H-2D(d)). A total of 13 out of 18 such test
      combinations exhibited H-2K-H-2D cross-reactivity. The presence or absence of
      cross-reactivity was reciprocal in most cases (i.e. antibody directed against the
      H-2K(k) gene product reacted with H-2(d) determinants, and antibody directed
      against the H-2D(d) gene product reacted with H-2K(k) determinants). An Ia-like
      reaction was detected with one antiserum which implied possible cross-reactivity
      between the products of two discrete la genes.

PMID- 1089745
TI  - Demonstration of an antibody-mediated tolerance state and its effect on antibody
      affinity.
AB  - We have described a model of immunological tolerance induced, in adult mice, by a
      single injection of a moderate dose of a hapten-protein conjugate. The data
      suggest that the mechanism of this tolerance state is the production of small
      amounts of high affinity antibody in response to the tolerance-inducing antigen
      injection. This antibody acts to inhibit the response to a subsequent challenge
      with antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant by a mechanism comparable to that of
      passive antibody-medicated immune suppression. It was shown that a small but high
      affinity. Tolerance was not terminated by transfer of normal syngeneic spleen or
      peritoneal cells into tolerant animals. Spleen cells from tolerant mice, when
      transferred into lethally irradiated, syngeneic animals, produced  a PFC response
      which is greater in magnitude and tolerance state had a significant degree of
      carrier specificity which was shown to be comparable to the carrier specificity
      of antibody-mediated immune suppression. hus, evidence was presented to show that
      one mechanism of tolerance in adult animals in the suppressive effect of small
      amounts of high affinity antibody formed in response to the tolerizing injection
      of antigen.

PMID- 1089747
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of tobacco mosaic virus-labeled lymphocyte surface
      antigens.
AB  - The study of surface antigen by immunoelectron microscopy has been hampered by
      the fact that thin sections of cells provide only a view of the cell perimeter in
      an essentially two- dimensional fashion. Although the reconstruction of the
      entire cell from serial sections has been accomplished (1), it remains too
      exacting a technique and will find only exceptional application. Carbon-platinum
      replicas (2) allow the inspection of larger surface areas and therefore are
      better suited for studying the distribution of antigens (3). But since only
      relatively smooth surfaces will yield stable replicas, cells with large numbers
      of microvilli are not amenable to this technique. Despire its limited resolution,
      scanning electron microscopy (SEM) seems to be the method of choice because it
      can provide a view of almost half of the surface of a cell close to its natural
      configuration, particularly after critical point or freeze drying (4, 5).
      Immunological-labeling methods have not yet been routinely applied to SEM
      although both latex spheres (6) and hemocyanin (7) have been used with some
      success. The optimal visual marker should possess the following properties: be of
      a distinctive shape, chemically stable, and have per se a low binding affinity
      for cell surfaces. Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), a marker with which we are
      familiar in transmission electron microscopy (8), seems to meet these demands; it
      has rod-like shape and defined dimensions (15 x 300 nm) and in addition it can
      easily be distinguished from surface microvilli. As the hybrid antibody technique
      (9) is also applicable to TMV, we have attempted to combine such immunological
      labeling with SEM. We present evidence that surface antigens can indeed be
      visualized by SEM, using the TMV marker in conjunction with the hybrid antibody
      technique.

PMID- 1089746
TI  - Inhibition of multiplication of Toxoplasma gondii by human monocytes exposed to T
      lymphocyte products.
AB  - The multiplication of Toxoplasma gondii was quantitated in human monocytes in
      vitro by phase-contrast microscopy. Toxoplasma multiplication was identical in
      monocytes from subjects byt was significantly inhibited in cells from both
      sources if the monocytes were preincubated with immune lymphocytes and toxoplasma
      monocytes were preincubated with immune lymphocytes and toxoplasma antigen.
      Supernates prepared from toxoplasma-immune lymphocytes incubated with toxoplasma
      antigen were also effective in inducing in monocytes the capacity to inhibit
      toxoplasma multiplication. Supernative acitivty was evident after lymphocytes and
      antigen were incubated for as little as 15 min. The instruction of monocytes was
      also repid and reversible. Monocytes were fully induced to inhibit toxoplasma
      multiplication after a 2 h exposure to an active supernate, but they lost their
      inhibitory capacity on culture in vitro for 48 h in the absece of immune cells or
      their products. The lymphocytes particupating in the monocyte induction were
      identified as t cells. The in vitro stimulation of monocytes appeared to exhibit
      some specificity, since no inhibition of toxopreotein derivative and lymphocytes
      from tuberculin-positive subjects, concanavalin a-stimulated lymphocytes, or
      their supermates. Supernates which induced monocytes to inhibit toxoplasma
      multiplication did not influence parasite growth in HeLa cells.

PMID- 1089748
TI  - Torulopsis bacarum, Torulopsis pustula and Torulopsis multis-gemmis sp. nov.,
      three new yeasts from soft fruit.
AB  - Three new species of yeasts isolated from fresh soft fruit are described.
      Torulopsis pustula was isolated from blackcurrants, Torulopsis bacarum from
      blackcurrants, strawberries and raspberries, and Torulopsis multis-gemmis from
      raspberries. All differ from known species in the test substrates they utilize.
      In addition, cells of Torulopsis pustula often form a bulbous projection near
      their apices from which budding takes place. These buds are frequently pear- or
      heart-shaped.

PMID- 1089749
TI  - Thermosensitive production of their transfer systems by group S plasmids.
AB  - Transfer of plasmids of group S is much more efficient at low temperatures (e.g.
      22 degrees C) than at 37 degrees C. This is due to failure of the donor strain to
      produce the transfer system during growth at the higher temperature.

PMID- 1089750
TI  - Isolation and chemical characterization of plasma membranes from the yeast and
      mycelial forms of Candida albicans.
AB  - It has been possible to induce the yeast-mycelium transformation in Candida
      albicans by growth of the organism under completely defined conditions in batch
      culture. Protoplasts have been obtained from the two forms by using a lytic
      enzyme preparation from Streptomyces violaceus. A plasma membrane fraction was
      prepared by osmotic lysis of these protoplasts and fractionated by using a
      combination of differential and discontinuous sucrose density-gradient flotation
      centrifugation. The purity of this fraction was determined by radioactive
      dansylation and iodination of plasma membranes of intact protoplasts followed by
      localization of the radioactivity upon fractionation. This procedure demonstrated
      less than 4% contamination of the plasma membrane fraction with other cell
      membranes. Chemical analysis of this fraction revealed that the major components
      were protein and lipid. Membranes from the yeast form contained (w/w): 50%
      protein, 45% lipid, 9% carbohydrate and 0.3% nucleic acid. Plasma membranes from
      the mycelial form contained significantly more carbohydrate and were found to be
      composed of (w/w): 43% protein, 31% lipid, 25% carbohydrate and 0.5% nucleic
      acid. Marked differences were also observed between the phospholipid, free and
      esterified sterols, and total fatty acids of membranes from the two forms of the
      organism.

PMID- 1089751
TI  - Chromosome transfer in Proteus mirabilis mediated by hybrid plasmid.
AB  - A previously-described fused plasmid, P-lacRIdrd19, was found to mediate
      chromosomal transfer between cells of Proteus mirabilis strain PM5006; PM5006-(P
      lacRIdrd19) was usually the donor and various auxotrophs of PM5006 resistant to
      nalidixic acid and/or streptomycin were recipients. The donor was usually
      counterselected with nalidixic acid and/or high concentrations of streptomycin.
      Recombination experiments with single markers indicated a 40-fold variation in
      recombination frequencies for different markers. Mapping double-auxotrophic
      markers by their gradient of transmission confirmed this variation and placed
      each of two independent isolates of eight markers in a linkage group his-ser-ura
      pyrB-trp-cys-ade-ilv. Some donor markers did not register. Despite low
      recombination frequencies, interrupted mating experiments showed a polarity of
      early marker transfer. The segregation of unselected markers confirmed the order
      of some markers and showed that genetic material passed from the presumptive
      donor to the recipient. Recipients with two auxotrophic markers which could not
      be cotransduced by phage 5006M were converted to prototrophy by conjugation. The
      plasmid transferred to recipients at high frequency and all recombinants carried
      it. Recombinants could act as donors in further matings. Recombinants were fully
      susceptible to phage 5006M, unlike transductants of PM5006 by this phage. Direct
      involvement of the plasmid was indicated by drastically diminished recombination
      frequencies in crosses with recipients carrying P-lac as resident. P-lac had
      previously been shown to reduce the frequency of transfer of the hybrid plasmid
      to cells harbouring it. The histidine region was the first to register in
      recipients and recombined at the highest frequency of 5 times 10-6/donor cell.
      Some temporary association of plasmid and perhaps only the histidine region of
      the chromosome is favoured as the mechanism of chromosomal transfer. This could
      explain why not all donor markers could be mapped. Transduction and
      transformation were excluded as the cause of results.

PMID- 1089752
TI  - Mutations which affect amino acid transport in Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - Mutants deficient in amino acid transport (aau), and unable to utilize L
      glutamate as a sole carbon and nitrogen source, have been isolated. There are
      four unlinked genes involved: aauA, aauB, aauC and aauD. The transport levels of
      certain amino acids, and the growth characteristics on certain nitrogen and
      carbon sources and toxic amino acid analogues, indicate that: aauAI has defective
      transport of acidic amino acids; aauBI has defective transport of acidic and
      neutral amino acids; aauCI and aauDI have defective transport of acid, neutral
      and aromatic amino acids. aauAI and aauBI are recessive for all three
      characteristics in the heterozygous diploid; aauCI and aauDI are dominant.

PMID- 1089753
TI  - Extrusion of sex pili by rapidly washed R+ Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1089754
TI  - Phospholipids of Escherichia coli in magnesium deficiency.

PMID- 1089755
TI  - Sub-cellular location of mercury in yeast grown in the presence of mercuric
      chloride.
AB  - The distribution of 203Hg in Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in the presence of
      mercuric chloride has been examined by physical and chemical fractionation
      procedures and autoradiography. The major fraction of the bound mercury is
      tightly bound to the wall. A significant quantity of mercury penetrates to the
      cytoplasm but only a minor fraction is present as low molecular weight
      components. The wall associated mercury is not readily released by extraction
      with sodium hydroxide or ethylenediamine but a major fraction is solubilized by
      pronase and Helicase treatment. Isolated walls are capable of binding their own
      weight of mercury to high-affinity adsorption sites. The major role of the cell
      envelope in the in vivo binding of mercury and the penetration to the cytoplasm
      of mercury was confirmed by autoradiography.

PMID- 1089756
TI  - R factors from Serratia marcescens.
AB  - In recent years, Serratia marcescens has become established in certain localities
      as an agent of hospital infection and cross-infection (Clayton & von Graevenitz,
      1966; Wilfert, Barrett & Kass, 1968; Davis, Foltz & Blakemore, 1970; Wilkowske,
      Washington, Martin & Ritts, 1970). In general, strains of S. marcescens isolated
      from infective lesions differ from those from other sources in being non
      pigmented and antibiotic resistant (Ewing, Johnson & David, 1962; Clayton & von
      Graevenitz, 1966). Medeiros & O'Brien (1969) and Schaefler et al. (1971)
      described strains of S. marcescens, isolated from hospital patients, which were
      able to transfer R factors to Escherichia coli. Transfer of resistance to E. coli
      has also been reported from strains of S. marcescens isolated in France (Grimont
      & Dulong de Rosnay, 1972; Scavizzi, 1972; Lemosquet-Villemon, Morel & Freymuth,
      1973)9 We have collected strains of S. marcescens, most, but not all, clinical
      isolates, from widely separate geographical areas; each strain was tested for
      antibiotic resistance and for R factors transmissible to E. coli K129 The R
      factors were classified by compatibility in K12 (Datta, 1974). Our purpose was to
      find out how much of the antibiotic resistance observed in S. marcescens is
      characteristic of that genus and to what extent it is shared with other bacterial
      genera (Coetzee, Datta & Hedges, 1972; Datta & Hedges, 1972a; Hedges, 1974). The
      R factors described by Medeiros & O'Brien (1969) and Lemosquet-Villemon et al.
      (1973) were included in this study.

PMID- 1089757
TI  - Sphere-rod morphogenesis of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The morphogenetic capacity of E. coli was studied by converting the rod-shaped
      cells into spheres and then determining whether these spheres could revert to
      rods. The morphogenesis of cells was followed by immobilizing them in a viscous
      Methocel-containing medium. Two different types of spheres were prepared: cells
      which retained a mechanically intact sacculus, and osmotically sensitive
      sphaeroplasts lacking a sacculus. The sphaeroplasts were not able to revert to
      rods although they were able to synthesize a new sacculus. In contrast, spheres
      which had retained an intact sacculus were able to reshape themselves into rods.
      The were also able to form new ends at (or near) the sites of the ends on the
      original rods.

PMID- 1089758
TI  - Characterization of the growth of Pseudomonas putida LP on lipoate and its
      analogues: transport, oxidation, sulphur source, and enzyme induction.
AB  - Pseudomonas putida LP, which grows on lipoate, NH4NO3 and mineral salts, converts
      most of the organic substrate to bisnor-lipoate (1,2-dithiolane-3-propanoic acid)
      and acetyl-CoA. D-, L-, or DL-lipoate serve equally well as carbon and sulphur
      sources. There was no growth on or bacterial oxidation of the chemically
      synthesized bisnor- or tetranor-(1,2-dithiolane-3-carboxylic acid) chain
      shortened analogues, but these, as well as lipoate, could supply the sulphur
      needed for growth when acetate was provided as the sole source of carbon. The
      uptake of lipoate by the bacterium is very slow and non-inducible, while the
      uptake of acetate is faster than octanoate. The oxidation of octanoate is more
      rapid and extensive than that of lipoate. Levels of acyl-CoA synthetase are not
      affected by the source of carbon, but activities of isocitrate lyase and malate
      synthase are higher when the cells are grown in acetate, octanoate or lipoate and
      lower when glucose is the carbon source. The glyoxylate cycle is induced to
      facilitate utilization of acetyl-CoA derived from lipoate, which is also degraded
      to water-soluble catabolites that yield the much smaller amount of sulphur
      required for growth.

PMID- 1089759
TI  - Polarity of the cysJIH operon of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Certain point and deletion mutants with lesions in the cysJ gene of Salmonella
      typhimurium have low levels of enzymes coded by the cysI and cysH genes. These
      results support the hypothesis that an operon exists comprising genes cysJ, I and
      H which is transcribed in the direction from cysJ to H. The nearby cysC and cysD
      genes do not form part of this cysJIH operon.

PMID- 1089760
TI  - The compatibility of Hly factor, a transmissible element which controls alpha
      haemolysin production in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1089761
TI  - Control of dimorphism in Candida albicans by zinc: effect on cell morphology and
      composition.

PMID- 1089762
TI  - Serum 'anti-myelin antibodies': a spectrofluorometric assay procedure.

PMID- 1089763
TI  - Some morphometric methods for the central nervous system.
AB  - It is the quantitative study of the central nervous system to enumerate neurone
      populations. Since neurones are generally arranged in non-random patterns the
      conventional method of counting with a square lattice graticule in the ocular of
      the microscope is severely restricted. Appropriately tailored methods of (a)
      counting, or (b) estimating the density of a neurone population must therefore be
      used. Four types of neuronal distribution pattern are discussed and morphometric
      methods adapted to them are presented, as follows: (1) Where the whole population
      is circumscribed, as in the anterior horn motor neurones of the cord, direct
      counting is feasible. Only those cells whose nucleoli are visible should be
      included; this diminishes the bias in favour of large cells, and if one corrects
      for the fact that larger neurones have larger nucleoli the bias can be eliminated
      completely. (2) Where neurones are situated on an "interface", as Purkinje cells
      are, the length of its profile (in this instance the boundary between the
      molecular and granular zones) is estimated by superimposing parallel lines on the
      microscopical image and counting intersections as these lines cross the
      interface. The number of Purkinje cells in each particular field is counted at
      the same time. A "linear dinsity" (PL) is then calculated from the formula pl =
      2n/pid where n is the quotient of (a) the number of cells counted along (b) an
      estimated length of profile, and d is the distance between the parallel lines of
      the graticule. For comparative studies between cerebella of different sizes a
      correction factor is easily introduced. Those who prefer to work on
      photomicrographs can use a mapping wheel to measure a length of profile and then
      proceed as before. (3) Where neurones are organised in a curving band, as in the
      dentate nucleus, another form of cell density can be established. The microscope
      is focused on a neurone at random, and the distance from this cell to its nearest
      neighbour is measured, preferably by means of a screw-micrometer eyepiece. The
      mean value r of a number of such measurements is substituted in a formula which
      gives the "areal density" of the neurone population: pa = 1/4r2. This method can
      be applied to photomicrographs by using a pair of dividers and/or an accurate
      rule to measure the set of r values. (4) In large collections of neurones, e.g.,
      in the thalamus, three methods are available: (a) the nearest neighbour method;
      (b) a conventional squared graticule count, and (c) a count of cells intersected
      by a line probe as in Haug's (1972) technique (fig. 5), or a modified form of
      Strong's (1966) transect method.

PMID- 1089764
TI  - Obituary. John Nathaniel Cumings (1906-1974).

PMID- 1089765
TI  - Immunohistochemical demonstration of antigen associated with the post-synaptic
      lattice.
AB  - The binding of amtosera against synaptosomes from rat cerebral cortex to
      dissociated cells from both cerebral cortex and liver was assessed by
      immunofluorescent labelling. This showed that none of the liver cells bound
      antisynaptosome antibodies but that some of the cerebral cortex cells bound
      antibody on their surfaces. Immunofluorescent labelling showed that all the
      particles in the crude mitochondrial fraction from rat cortex bound antibodies
      present in the unadsorbed antisera. However, when the antisera were absorbed with
      purified mitochondria and myelin, only a proportion of the mitochondrial fraction
      particles then bound antibody. Isolated IgG from the adsorbed antisera was
      labelled with ferritin and incubated with the crude mitochondrial fraction.
      Examination in the electron microscope showed that the ferritin and hence the
      antisynaptosome antibody was bound to the post-synaptic thickenings of about 20%
      of synaptosomes having their junctions in the plane of section.

PMID- 1089766
TI  - Review of basic concepts of cell kinetics as applied to brain tumors.
AB  - The authors review and discuss the basic concepts of cell kinetics as applied to
      brain tumors. Uncontrolled growth of a neoplasm represents an expanding tumor
      cell population. Four growth parameters characterize the behavior of a neoplastic
      population: cell cycle time, growth fraction, tumor doubling time, and cell loss.
      The concept of provisionally nondividing cells explains the disparity between
      cell cycle time and tumor doubling time. Human gliomas, like many non-neural
      solid tumors, contain variable proportions of actively proliferating and
      nonproliferating tumor cells; this ratio is expressed by the growth fraction. The
      major kinetic difference between glioblastomas and differentiated astrocytomas
      resides in their respective growth fractions, in all likelihood an inherent
      biological characteristic of each tumor. Glioblastoma proliferates at a rapid
      rate, and only a high rate of cell loss prevents this tumor from doubling its
      volume in less than 1 week. The selection of drugs and design of drug schedules
      for treatment of glioblastomas should be made with the knowledge that 60% to 70%
      of the cells in this tumor are resting (nonproliferating). If experience with
      other solid tumors is any guide, judicious selection and combined use of drugs
      according to kinetically sound schedules will produce more effective chemotherapy
      of brain tumors.

PMID- 1089767
TI  - Letter: The David L. Reeves Library.

PMID- 1089768
TI  - Letter: Sir Geoffrey Jefferson on invasive pituitary adenomas.

PMID- 1089769
TI  - Gallium-67-citrate scanning for the localization and staging of lymphomas.
AB  - One-hundred-eight 67Ga-citrate scans were evaluated in Hodgkin's and non
      Hodgkin's lymphomas for staging, diagnosis of recurrence, and for determing the
      results of treatment. Accuracy as confirmed by comparing the scans with
      pathologic material or roentgenologic and clinical findings was found to be 83%.
      Known lymph node involvement was diagnosed correctly in 87% but accuracy was only
      48% for extranodal areas. Bone lesions were diagnosed correctly in 83% compared
      with only 48% of lesions of the lungs and liver. Scans were 75% accurate in 28
      patients scanned for initial staging. False negatives were present in 12%;
      recurrent tumor in an area of prior radiation therapy appeared to be the most
      common cause. There were 5% false positives. Gallium scanning is a useful adjunct
      to other methods of detecting lymphoma.

PMID- 1089770
TI  - A rapid method for evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow after intra
      arterial injection of 133Xe.
AB  - A technique based on the stochastic method is described for the computation of
      regional blood flow (RBF) after intra-arterial infection of 133Xe. Results are
      presented on scintigrams, defined by 600-800 channels in a 64 times 64 matrix.
      The content of each channel is equal to the computed RBF value. The standard
      deviation is also computed for each channel. The total computation cycle is
      achieved within 10 min. The method has been used to investigate the influence of
      anesthesia or drugs on regional blood flow. For this purpose, a differential
      printout program was written in which variations of RBF values between the two
      measurements are expressed in units of a fixed percentage; provision is made for
      calculation of RBF variations in units of differential standard deviations. Data
      are in good accordance with other clinical findings. This method is suitable for
      clinical use when blood flow values in gray and white substances are not
      requested.

PMID- 1089772
TI  - Reconstruction of the Fresnel-coded gamma camera images by digital computer.
AB  - An algorithm for the digital reconstruction of the Fresnel-coded gamma camera
      image consists of the spatial Fourier transform of the hologram after applying a
      quadratic phase shift. Background subtraction is implemented by use of positive
      and negative zone plates. Tomographic planes are reconstructed in 27 sec from a
      single zone-plate shadow image by successively varying a parameter in the
      reconstruction algorithm on a small computer system.

PMID- 1089771
TI  - Evaluation of portable radionuclide method for measurement of left ventricular
      ejection fraction and cardiac output.
AB  - Seventeen patients with coronary artery, valvular, or myopathic heart disease
      were studied to determine correlations of the cardiac output and ejection
      fraction when comparing the results obtained with a portable probe technique
      using 113mIn with those obtained with standard methods (cineangiographic, Fick,
      and dye dilution). With ejection fractions ranging from o.10 to 0.85, the
      coefficient of correlation was 0.90 when comparing cineangiographic and
      radionuclide techniques. Cardiac output determinations by the radionuclide
      technique also correlated well with standard methods (r equals 0.88). The
      radionuclide method shows promise as an accurate, safe, and simple method in the
      evaluation of cardiac function at the bedside.

PMID- 1089773
TI  - A technique for estimating milk production in rats.

PMID- 1089774
TI  - An experimental study of autoclaved autogenous mandible in combination with
      cancellous bone and marrow.
AB  - Results of a study in eight dogs indicate that a combination of cancellous bone
      and marrow contained within autoclaved bone can produce a successful graft.  Four
      implants failed because of breakdown of the oral mucosa and exposure of the
      graft; rejection may have been the cause of the breakdown in one instance. 
      Although most of the factors that caused exposure of the grafts probably could be
      controlled in a clinical situation, the technique cannot be recommended without
      reservation.

PMID- 1089775
TI  - Hepatitis B in a pediatric hemodialysis unit.
AB  - Serial HB Ag determinations were obtained on 62 children undergoing hemodialysis
      during a 31/2-year period. Thirty six (58%) of the patients had atleast one
      positive HB Ag determination (titer larger than 1:8) either during the period of
      dialysis or within 2 months after transplantation. Of the children who became HB
      Ag positive during the period of dialysis, 89% demonstrated hepatitis B
      antigenemia during the initial 6 months of dialysis. Becuase of the temporal
      relationship between the development of HB Ag positivity and the duration of
      dialysis, contamination of equipment was proposed as a contributing source for
      transmission of HB Ag. Although 67% of the patients who were HB Ag positive
      during dialysis developed biochemical evidence of hepatic dysfunction, only two
      patients had clinical manifestations. The incidence of hepatic involvement
      appeared to be related to age; only one of nine children less than 12 years of
      age had evidence of hepatic disease. Intermittent persistence of HB Ag for
      periods larger than 3 years was observed. Both the incidence and persistence of
      HB Ag indicate the need to prevent its acquisition by pediatric patients
      undergoing hemodialysis.

PMID- 1089776
TI  - Hypertension after renal transplantation in children.
AB  - Hypertension persisted for longer than 6 mo or developed de novo after the first
      month following transplantation in seven of 77 pediatric recipients of renal
      allografts; concomitantly there were an elevation of PRA and renal angiographic
      abnormalities. In two of the four patients who developed RAS there was evidence
      of diminished allograft function. Successful correction of the stenotic lesion in
      these two recipients resulted in a return of the blood pressure, PRA, and
      biochemical function of the allograft to normal. Unsuccessful attempts at
      surgical repair led to loss of the allograft in the other two patients with RAS.
      Intrarenal vascular and/or parenchymal lesions were evident in the other three
      recipients with hypertension. Although an explanation was not apparent,
      subclinical rejection was hypothesized. Treatment effected reduction of the
      hypertension in these three patients and no deterioration of allograft function
      was observed for periods of 5, 34, and 38 mo, respectively. Renal angiographic
      studies and determinations of PRA are recommended in any pediatric recipient of
      an allograft who develops hypertension after the first month following
      transplantation or has hypertension which persists for longer than 6 mo after
      transplantation.

PMID- 1089777
TI  - Letter: Significance of the paired and unpaired t test in evaluating CPAP.

PMID- 1089778
TI  - Comparison of House-Tree-Person drawings of young deaf and hearing children.
AB  - The House-Tree-Person (H-T-P) drawings of a matched sample of 80 deaf and 80
      hearing school children, ages 7 through 10 years, were compared to assess
      differences related to the handicap, and the capacity of the H-T-P to distinguish
      between children rated by their teachers as poorly adjusted and those rated well
      adjusted. No differences were found between deaf and hearing in the drawing of
      the ear or mouth of the human figure. There was a very significant difference in
      the drawing of the branch structure of the tree. There were no differences in
      numbers of indicators of disturbance in the drawings of the children rated as
      more or as less well adjusted.

PMID- 1089779
TI  - A scaled-projective measure of interpersonal values.
AB  - A projective instrument entitled the "Kilmann Insight Test" (KIT) was devised to
      measure the Interpersonal Value Constructs (IVCs) of individuals, defined as; the
      mental categories through which an individual perceives and interprets the
      desirable and undesirable features of interpersonal behavior. The KIT requires an
      individual to differentiate on a seven-point scal, 18 IVCs according to how
      relevant they are to a series of six ambiguous pictures of interpersonal
      situations. A factor analysis of the KIT's values resulted in two personal
      Restraint versus Boldness. Comparing the KIT with a self-report instrument
      containing the same value items as the KIT, seems to be tapping a different
      concept of values than the self-report assessment.

PMID- 1089780
TI  - Hostility measurement and its relationship to fantasy capacity.
AB  - Two-hundred and three male high school freshmen and sophomore students were
      administered a daydreaming questionnaire, Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, and
      Rotter ISB. The latter was scored for hostility by the Renner, Maher, and
      Campbell method. The Subjects also rated one another on a sociometric scale
      measuring behavioral hostility. Subjects were divided into high and low fantasy
      groups. Analyses of variance were computed on the hostility measure data for 108
      Subjects. The independent variables were obtained for the fantasy capacity
      measure and not for the peer rating measure. There was no positive correlation
      between the sociometric ratings and the hostility measures. In view of the
      results, the hostility measurement instruments are interpreted as measures of an
      individual's capacity to regard himself as hostile, rather than as measures of
      the actual hostility of his behavoir.

PMID- 1089781
TI  - Studies of biologic parameters for denture design. Part I. Comparison of masseter
      muscle activity during chewing of crisp and soggy wafers in denture and dentition
      groups.
AB  - The motor response to two textures was studied by comparing the EMG activities of
      the ipsilateral muscle during 5 minute periods of eating crisp and soggy wafers
      in each group of subjects. In both groups, the activity of the ipsilateral muscle
      was significantly greater for eating crisp wafers than for eating soggy wafers.
      The ratio of EMG activities for crisp and soggy textures was 1.48 in the
      dentition group and 1.72 for the denture wearers. These differences between the
      activities of ipsilateral muscles for the two textures were significant in both
      groups (P smaller than 0.05). Thus, in terms of muscle effort, denture wearers
      display discrimination of textural characteristics of food during chewing similar
      to that shown by subjects with natural teeth.

PMID- 1089782
TI  - Selectively retained vital roots for partial support of overdentures: a patient
      report.
AB  - Vital mandibular canine roots were submerged submucosally ina 52-year-old man.
      The events that occurred during 27 months of observation, while the patient wore
      dentures over the retained roots, were described.

PMID- 1089783
TI  - The effects of variations in the opposing dentition on changes in the partially
      edentulous mandible. Part I. Bone changes observed in serial radiographs.

PMID- 1089784
TI  - A ceramic restoration bonded by etched enamel and resin for fractured incisors.
AB  - This report describes a technique for making ceramic restorations for fractured
      incisors without operative interference. The ceramic block is baked in the
      laboratory on a 24 karat gold matrix cast. A resin is bonded to a silane-treated
      porcelain block and etched enamel.

PMID- 1089785
TI  - Clinical evaluation of dental cement durability.

PMID- 1089786
TI  - A device for the restraint of Dilantin hypertrophy.

PMID- 1089787
TI  - Influence of occlusal splints on jaw postion and musculature in patients with
      temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

PMID- 1089788
TI  - A technique for making temporary bases for complete dentures.

PMID- 1089789
TI  - Surface characteristics of dental stone: impression orientation.

PMID- 1089790
TI  - Spontaneous and induced tumor incidence in germfree "nude" mice.

PMID- 1089791
TI  - Dr. Thomas Dudley Isom: member first Mississippi State Board of Health.

PMID- 1089793
TI  - Immune complexes in cancer: demonstration of complexes in mice bearing
      neuroblastomas.
AB  - Immune complexes occurred in a large proportion of mice with syngeneic
      neuroblastomas. Circulating immune complexes formed in all mice, whereas almost
      50% had deposits of host IgG and complement in a granular pattern along the
      mesangia and basement membranes of the renal glomeruli. The bound IgG was eluted
      and recovered from the glomeruli and demonstrated immunologic specificity to
      neuroblastoma cell-surface antigens.

PMID- 1089792
TI  - Malignant lymphomas of follicular center cell origin in man. I. Immunologic
      studies.
AB  - Lymphomas with histologic features indicating a follicular center cell (FCC)
      origin were analyzed from 26 patients of a group of 45 consecutive non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma patinets whose tumors were studied for B- and T-cell characteristics.
      They were compared with benign, reactive lymphoid tissue from 14 patients. Cell
      suspensions from biopsy material, blood, or bone marrow were examined for surface
      Ig and for rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes (E rosettes). Of the 26
      patients with FCC lymphomas, 22 had 40% or more Ig-bearing cells; all patients
      with FCC lymphoma tissues had 25% or less E rosette-forming cells. Cells from
      most FCC lymphomas of the cleaved type had surfac IgM; those from several FCC
      lymphomas had both IgM and IgD. Cells from lymphomas of noncleaved cell type had
      surface IgG or IgA. Light-chain analysis showed that cells from FCC lymphomas
      bore a predominant light-chain type, which indicated their monoclonal nature.
      Neoplastic cells from several FCC lymphomas synthesized the surface Ig which they
      bore. Reactive tissues usually contained fewer Ig-bearing and more E rosette
      forming cells than FCC lymphomas; the Ig-bearing cells, with one exception, had a
      polyclonal distribution. Correlation of histologic and immunologic observations
      indicates that most lymphomas identified as FCC in origin by light micorscopic
      criteria mark as B cells with the use of immunologic techniques and that FCC
      lymphomas are the most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PMID- 1089794
TI  - Malignant lymphomas of follicular center cell origin in man. II. Ultrastructural
      and cytochemical studies.
AB  - Tissues from malignant lymphomas with both nodular and diffuse growth patterns,
      thought by light microscopy to be composed of cells of follicular center cell
      (FCC) origin, Were examined by electron microscopy; the tumor cells were similar
      to lymphoid cells found in reactive follicular centers. Tumor cells from
      neoplasms thought to be composed of cleaved FCC often had more pronounced nuclear
      folding than did cleaved FCC of reactive follicles, whereas cells in tumors of
      noncleaved FCC type were indistinguishable from their presumed counterparts in
      reactive follicles. Large cell noeplasms, previously classified as "histiocytic"
      lymphomas were composed of cells with ultrastructural characteristics of
      transformed lymphocytes; they showed neither ultrastructural nor cytochemical
      features of mononuclear phagocytes. These findings support the concept that a
      major group of lymphomas arises from lymphocytes of follicular centers.

PMID- 1089795
TI  - Detection of T-cell surface antigens in a Marek's disease lymphoblastoid cell
      line.
AB  - Indirect membrane immunofluorescence was applied in the study of a lymphoblastoid
      cell line derived from Marek's disease lymphoma. The cell line tacked surface
      immunoglobulins and reacted specifically with antisera prepared against chicken
      thymus cells. Cells transformed by Marek's disease virus were of thymus origin.

PMID- 1089796
TI  - Enhancement and retardation of spontaneous reticulum cell neoplasm development in
      SJL/J mice.
AB  - The enhancement or delay in the appearance of spontaneous reticulum cell
      neoplasms (RCN-B) in SJL/J mice was tested. Immunosuppressive treatment with
      antithymocyte serum and prolonged antigenic stimulation by repeated injections of
      sheep erythrocytes, leukemogenic cell-free centrifugates, and multichain
      synthetic polypeptides had no effect on the incidence or latency of spontaneous
      tumor appearance. Treatment with mineral oil or incomplete Freund adjuvant
      markedly enhanced tumor appearance (though the abundance of plasma cells induced
      by these treatments did not evoke the development of plasmacytomas, nor did it
      affect the incidence of serum paraproteinemia among mice with spontaneous
      tumors). Treatment with cortisone acetate, however, markedly retarded spontaneous
      tumor development. Tumors occurring early due to mineral oil and adjuvant
      treatment all had the characteristics of "RCN-B plasma cell type," and tumors
      occurring late due to cortisone treatment were all of the "RCN-B reticulum cell
      type." The possible involvement of the stem cell pool size in the enhancement or
      delay of spontaneous tumor development was discussed.

PMID- 1089797
TI  - Ubert Conrad Vincent, B.S., M.D., 1892-1938.

PMID- 1089798
TI  - A tribute to William Augustus Hinton, M.D.

PMID- 1089799
TI  - Fine structure of vascular endothelium in culture.

PMID- 1089800
TI  - Process of infection with bacteriophage phiX174. XXXVII. RNA metabolism in
      phiX174-infected cells.
AB  - The RNA produced in vivo from bacteriophage phiX174 DNA has been analyzed by
      polyacrylamide-agarose gel electrophoresis and sedimentation in dimethyl
      sulfoxide gradients, and the results of Hayashi and Hayashi (1970) have been
      confirmed and extended. An efficient procedure for recovery of RNA from gels,
      followed by a hybridization assay, has indicated the presence in infected cells
      of 18 distinct RNA species with sizes up to and greater than the unit (viral)
      length. The sizes of phiX mRNA's were similar irrespective of whether material
      was analyzed on gels or in dimethyl sulfoxide gradients. When virus-induced RNA
      was detected by a double-label method, seven additional low-molecular weight
      species were observed on gels and the resolution of dimethyl sulfoxide gradients
      was enhanced. The present results lend support to aspects of the model of Hayashi
      and Hayashi (1970) for the generation of these discrete mRNA species; an
      alternative model is also discussed.

PMID- 1089801
TI  - Mutations in the new gene stIII of bacteriophage T4B suppressing the lysis defect
      of gene stII and a gene e mutant.
AB  - Mutations of bacteriophage T4B were found which suppress the lysis defect of both
      gene stII mutants and gene e mutants. The suppressor mutations belong to a new
      gene, stIII, of phage T4B. Gene stIII is located on the genetic map of T4B
      between genes stI and e. stIII mutants sometimes form star plaques on Escherichia
      coli B. The latent period on E. coli 594, but not E. coli B, is shorter with
      stIII mutants than that with wild-type phage. The premature lysis of E. coli 594
      infected with stIII phage does not depend on the expression of both stII+ and e+
      function. StIII allele is dominant over the stIII+ with respect to both the
      ability to suppress the stII defect and the early lysis of infected E. coli 594
      cultures.

PMID- 1089802
TI  - Host DNA degradation after infection of Escherichia coli with bacteriophage T4:
      dependence of the alternate pathway of degradation which occurs in the absence of
      both T4 endonuclease II and nuclear disruption on T4 endonuclease IV.
AB  - Escherichia coli cells infected with T4 phage which are deficient in both nuclear
      disruption and endonuclease II exhibit a pathway of host DNA degradation which
      does not occur in cells infected with phage deficient only in endonuclease II.
      This alternate pathway of host DNA degradation requires T4 endonuclease IV.

PMID- 1089803
TI  - Canavanine-mediated depletion of polyamine pools in Escherichia coli: effect of
      head morphogenesis and DNA synthesis.
AB  - We have found that L-canavanine inhibited the synthesis of polyamines in T4
      infected Escherichia coli. These polyamines are known to be required for T4 DNA
      synthesis and may be involved in phage morphogenesis. The new data indicate that
      the inhibition of polyamine synthesis is not primarily responsible for the L
      conavanine-mediated inhibition of DNA synthesis nor does it seem to be involved
      in the induction of lollipops. L-Canavanine does influence the relative amounts
      of putrescine and spermidine found in the phage particle, but it does not
      influence the amount of DNA phosphate neutralized by polyamines.

PMID- 1089804
TI  - Growth of a capsid mutant of bacteriophage phi X174 in a temperature-sensitive
      strain of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A capsid mutant of phiX174 is capable of forming replicative form and
      synthesizing single strands at the restrictive temperature in a dnaB mutant of
      Escherichia coli. Under similar conditions, the wild-type bacteriophage is
      incapable of either step in viral synthesis.

PMID- 1089805
TI  - Biological activity of T4 DNA synthesized in toluene-treated Escherichia coli
      cells.
AB  - T4 DNA synthesized in a toluene-treated cell system can act as the genetic donor
      in a DNA transformation assay. This material transforms a variety of markers at
      high efficiency. We present evidence that the genetic activity is due to newly
      synthesized, double-stranded DNA.

PMID- 1089806
TI  - In Vitro system for the study of bacteriophage phi chi 174 adsorption and
      eclipse.
AB  - An in vitro system was developed for the study of the initial stages of
      bacteriophage phi chi 174 infection. Escherichia coli C cells were incubated with
      20% sucrose and then subjected to cold osmotic shock in 5 mM MgSO4. The
      concentrated supernatant shock fluid inactivated phi chi 174 with the same
      kinetics and requirements as for normal infection. Shock fluids prepared from phi
      chi 174-resistant strains of E. coli did not show this effect. The 114S phage
      were initially converted into 70S particles, the process termed "eclipse". These
      structurally altered phages then attached to a component of the shock fluid,
      producing fast-sedimenting complexes, and eventually released at least a part of
      their DNA into the medium. The fast-sedimenting complex could be radioactively
      labeled with oleic acid. Radioactivity was found to co-chromatograph with both
      biological activity and the majority of the high-molecular-weight carbohydrates
      present in the shock fluid. It is concluded that E. coli C osmotic shock fluid
      contains isolated phi chi 174-specific receptor sites composed of
      lipopolysaccharides. This system conveniently separates the early stages of phage
      phi chi 174 infection from the intracellular events.

PMID- 1089808
TI  - Technique of reductive ureteroplasty in the management of megaureter.
AB  - Management of megaureter may be conservative or surgical. Most operative
      procedures are multistaged and directed toward segmental ureteral repair. We have
      treated succesfully a number of patients with the total linear ureteral reduction
      technique.

PMID- 1089809
TI  - Bench surgery for tumor in a solitary kidney.
AB  - Bench surgery which included ex vivo partial nephrectomy with subsequent
      autotransplantation was successfully performed on a solitary kidney containing
      renal cell carcinoma. Helpful adjuncts included perfusion with a hyperosmolar
      intracellular-like solution, perfusion with a preservation machine and upside
      down ipsilateral transplantation.

PMID- 1089807
TI  - Identification and characterization of the in vitro synthesized gene products of
      bacteriophage M13.
AB  - Bacteriophage M13 replicative form (RF) DNA was used to direct coupled
      transcription and translation in cell-free extracts prepared from Escherichia
      coli. By using RF DNA, isolated from cells infected with appropriate amber
      mutants of this phage, it has been possible to identify the products of genes I
      through IV. By using the same methods no gene-product relationship could be
      demonstrated for genes VI and VII. Coupled in vitro protein synthesis studies on
      RF-III DNA, a linear double-stranded DNA molecule, obtained after cleavage of
      either RF-I or RF-II DNA with the restriction endonuclease R.Hin11 from
      Haemophilus influenzae, indicated that the cleavage site for this enzyme is
      located in gene II. The in vitro products of both gene III and gene VIII are
      about 30 and six amino acids longer, respectively, than their native counterparts
      present within the virion. These results suggest that the latter proteins arise
      in vivo by cleavage of precursor molecules. Coupled transcription and translation
      studies on a DNA fragment which only contained the genetic information coding for
      gene IV protein, obtained after cleavage of RF DNA with the restriction
      endonuclease R.Hap11 from Haemophilus aphirophilus, indicated that a large number
      of the in vitro synthesized polypeptides are the result of premature chain
      termination.

PMID- 1089810
TI  - Renal autotransplantation for widespread ureteral lesions: report of 4 cases.

PMID- 1089811
TI  - Use of dermal graft to correct chordee.

PMID- 1089812
TI  - Autonomic receptor functions in the lower urinary tract: a survey of recent
      experimental results.

PMID- 1089813
TI  - Dorsal rectotomy and full thickness skin graft for repair of prostatic
      urethrorectal fistula.
AB  - Management of a case of postoperative prostatic urethrorectal fistula is
      presented wherein the standard perineal repair failed. Successful repair was
      achieved by using a full thickness penile skin patch graft placed through a
      dorsal rectotomy incision.

PMID- 1089814
TI  - A safe, simple and reliable method for percutaneous (closed) renal biopsies in
      children: results in 100 consecutive patients.
AB  - A safe, simple and reliable technique for percutaneous renal biopsy in children
      has been described. Specimens adequate for pathologic interpretation were
      obtained in 97 patients. Significant complications (gross hematuria lasting more
      than 36 hours, severe pain, perirenal mass or unexplained fever) occurred in 8
      patients. No secondary operations or transfusions were required. No mortailty or
      late complications occurred.

PMID- 1089816
TI  - Cryptococcus neoformans as a cause of lytic bone lesions.
AB  - Cryptococcosis is a disseminated infection of man and animals that involves many
      organs, especially the central nervous system. Isolated bone involvement may
      cause lytic bone lesions. Diagnosis may be made by pathologic sections and
      culture of specimens obtained through surgical biopsy. When Cryptococcus is
      recovered from bone, care must be taken to study other organ systems, especially
      the central nervous system. Isolated bone disease without meningitis is very
      uncommom. Intense medical therapy is necessary for treatment of meningitis;
      isolated osteomyelitis may respond to surgical drainage alone.

PMID- 1089815
TI  - Renal transplantation in pediatric patients.
AB  - Thirty-five transplants have been performed in 29 children, 1 week to 16 years
      old. Of these patients 79 per cent are surviving from 9 months to 14 years post
      transplantation. Eighteen of these patients have required different surgical
      procedures for transplantation than adult patients. Immunosuppressive therapy has
      been essentially the same as in adult patients. A striking difference between the
      living related donor and the cadaver donor transplant functional survival as seen
      in this series is unexplained at the present time. Linear growth has been good in
      those children who have required minimal doses of corticosteroids to maintain
      adequate renal function.

PMID- 1089817
TI  - Ascorbic acid and the common cold. Evaluation of its efficacy and toxicity.
AB  - We reviewed the clinical data relating to the efficacy and safety of
      pharmacologic doses of ascorbic acid in the prevention and treatment of the
      common cold. Although one study tentatively supports the hypothesis that such
      doses of ascorbic acid may be efficacious, a second study by the same group did
      not confirm the significant findings, and no clear, reproducible pattern of
      efficacy has emerged from the review of all the evidence. Similarly, there is
      currently little adequate evidence on either the presence or the absence of
      serious adverse reactions to such doses of ascorbic acid, although many such
      reactions have been hypothesized. The unrestricted use of ascorbic acid for these
      purposes cannot be advocated on the basis of the evidence currently available.

PMID- 1089818
TI  - The indiscriminate use of IPPB.

PMID- 1089819
TI  - Antimicrobial resistance of Shigellae isolated in Michigan.
AB  - Patterns of antimicrobial resistance were studied for 213 strains of shigellae
      isolated in rural and urban areas of Michigan by quantitative techniques: 66% of
      these organisms were resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, cephalexin, or
      chloramphenicol or had multiple resistance to various combinations of these
      antibiotics. The incidence of resistant organisms was higher in the Detroit-Wayne
      County area, which is the most urban part of the state. Nalidixic acid and
      oxolinic acid were noted to be quite effective in vitro against shigellae and
      perhaps warrant further clinical study as potential agents for therapy of
      shigellosis, especially in view of the appearance of isolates with multiple
      resistance. Sulfamethoxazole alone was effective against only 62% of the Shigella
      isolates tested, but mixture with trimethoprim in a 20:1 ratio yielded a highly
      active in vitro combination.

PMID- 1089820
TI  - Letter: Franz Kafka--his father's son.

PMID- 1089821
TI  - Psychoanalysis. Alive and well at 80.

PMID- 1089822
TI  - Report of the Committee for the Assessment of Biometric Aspects of Controlled
      Trials of Hypoglycemic Agents.

PMID- 1089823
TI  - Editorial: Lidocaine: prophylactic value in myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1089824
TI  - Johann Frederick von Schiller (1759-1805).

PMID- 1089825
TI  - Recent events of special interest to medical education.

PMID- 1089826
TI  - Medical education programs sponsored by government agencies.

PMID- 1089827
TI  - Editorial: Unplanned obsolescence.

PMID- 1089829
TI  - [Chronic kidney failure and kidney transplantation - clinical problems and future
      prospect of kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1089828
TI  - A method for quantitative detection of tricuspid regurgitation with double
      injection--single sampling dye-dilution technique.
AB  - A method for quantitative detection of tricuspid regurgitation is proposed. In
      cases without tricuspid insufficiency or intracardiac shunt, 1/slope (ts-fv) of
      the earpiece dye-dilution curve after injection of dye into the femoreal vein (fv
      curve) was significantly correlated with that (ts-pa) of the curve after
      injection into the pulmonary artery (PA curve) within each range of right heart
      blood volume (rbv) calculated as a product of cardiac output and mean transit
      time difference between FV curve and PA curve. The relationship among the 3
      parameters was expressed as a statistically significant regression equation; log
      (tsfv)  equals 0.9858 log (ts-pa) plus 0.2980 log (RBV) minus 0.6418 (p small
      than 0.005, sd of predicted ts-fv equals plus or minus 0.591). The assumption was
      made that tricuspid regurgitation caused prolongation ot ts-fv without any
      changes in ts-pa or RBV, being based on the concepts of the indicator dispersion
      and of the path-length distribution. The ratio of tricuspid regurgitation to
      cardiac output was calculated from (observed ts-fv-predicted ts-fv)/predicted ts
      fv, in which predicted ts-fv is the value calculated from ts-pa and RBV using the
      equation shown above. In 2 patients who manifested clinical tricuspid
      insufficiency, large amount of tricuspid regurgitant fraction was determined by
      this method. It is suggested that the present method utilizing double injections-
      single sampling dye-dilution technique is useful for clinical quantitation of
      tricuspid regurgitation.

PMID- 1089830
TI  - [Kidney transplantation in pediatrics - indication, surgical procedures and
      prognosis].

PMID- 1089831
TI  - Editorial: Urinary tract infection: Value of early diagnosis.

PMID- 1089832
TI  - [Treatment of malignant tumors of the pelvic girdle by intra-ilio-abdominal
      amputations (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1089833
TI  - [Nikolai Naumovich Terebinskii (on the 95th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 1089835
TI  - Pattern of core and surface expression in liver tissue reflects state of specific
      immune response in hepatitis B.
AB  - A series of 67 liver biopsies (20 kidney transplant recipients and 47 outpatients
      with hepatitis) was investigated for the presence of hepatitis B antigen core
      (HBc) and surface (HBs) components by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy.
      The variable appearance of the core in liver cell nuclei and of the surface in
      the cytoplasm allowed the recognition of expression patterns which, together with
      histologic parameters, could be integrated into four reaction types of diagnostic
      and prognostic implications: Type I (Elimination Type). No components or only
      occasional expression of HBc; histologically, classic lobular hepatitis;
      clinically, acute, self-limited viral hepatitis. Type II (HBc Predominance, or
      Immunosuppression Type). Abundant core expression in each liver cell nucleus and
      moderate appearance of HBs; histologically, nonaggressive inflammation
      (nonspecific reactive or portal hepatitis); clinically, mild, chronic, persistent
      hepatitis in transplant patients. Type III (HBs Predominance, or Nonaggressive
      Type). Prominent HBs expression largely in the absence of HBc; histologically,
      nonaggressive inflammation (nonspecific reactive and portal hepatitis) or normal
      liver tissue, together with ground-glass hepatocytes in light microscopy, as a
      correlate of HBs-containing hepatocytes; clinically, hepatitis B antigen carrier,
      or chronic persistent hepatitis. Type IV (HBc+s Equivalence, or Aggressive Type).
      Spotty expression of both components, especially of core; histologically,
      periportal hepatitis; clinically, mainly corresponds to chronic aggressive
      hepatitis and to acute hepatitis with possible transition to chronicity. As a
      unifying concept for these types, it is suggested that immune responsiveness
      determines the reaction pattern, the key mechanism being immune elimination of
      affected cells. Between efficient elimination (type I) and effective
      immunosuppression (type II), a graded elimination insufficiency is found in
      chronic forms (types III and IV), explaining the persistence and probably also
      the aggressiveness of hepatitis B virus infection.

PMID- 1089834
TI  - [Biochemical changes in skeletal muscles during hypokinesia and possible means
      for counteracting them].
AB  - The changes in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, water and
      minerals as well as in the acitvity of enzymes of skeletal muscles during
      hypokinesia are discussed. The methods used to reverse metabolic disorders in
      skeletal muscles are recommended and evaluated. Among the suggested methods-the
      diet with predominant proteins, hypoxia, anabolic steroids and physical exercises
      the latter seem to be most promising.

PMID- 1089836
TI  - Exocrine pancreatic dysfunction in guinea pigs with diabetes mellitus.
AB  - In this study, 37 guinea pigs were classified, on the basis of histologic
      examination of the pancreas, into three categories: nondiabetic, latent diabetic,
      and overt diabetic. In order to compare the exocrine pancreatic function in these
      three groups of animals, pancreatic secretion was collected from each animal
      following an intravenous infusion of secretin and pancreozymin. Pancreatic enzyme
      activity, bicarbonate concentration, and the total volume of pancreatic secretion
      were all significantly decreased in guinea pigs with overt diabetes, but not in
      those with latent diabetes mellitus. Pancreatic histologic changes characteristic
      of both latent and overt diabetes were beta-cell hyperplasia and generalized
      fatty degeneration of the acini. Only the animals with overt diabetes showed
      total degranulation and severe vacuolation of theta-cells. The same type of
      exocrine pancreatic dysfunction observed in guinea pigs with spontaneous overt
      diabetes mellitus is found in human diabetics, and is particularly common in the
      juvenile type. The guinea pig, therefore, appears to be a suitable animal model
      for the study of human juvenile diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1089837
TI  - Experimental focal glomerular lesions elicited by insoluble immune complexes.
      Ultrastructural and immunofluorescent studies.
AB  - Injection of small amounts of ferritin intravenously, into the aorta (above the
      renal arteries) or into the left renal artery of rabbits hyperimmunized against
      this protein, results in the formation of circulating, insoluble, antigen
      antibody complexes. Some of these complexes localize focally in the renal
      glomerular capillaries, where they elicit severe lesions. The fate of the
      complexes and the evolution of the lesions have been followed by
      immunofluorescent and electron microscopic techniques. Within a few hours, the
      deposition of complexes in the glomeruli resulted in a massive accumulation of
      neutrophils platelets, and fibrin, sometimes leading to acute focal necroses of
      some loops. These lesions were quite similar to those developing in the small
      dermal vessels during the Arthus reaction. Most of the complexes were rapidly
      phagocytosed and degraded by neutrophils; swelling and proliferation of
      endothelial and mesangial cells usually followed the acute damage and contributed
      to the removal of remaining complexes, cell debris, and fibrin deposits. Later,
      focal areas of mesangial proliferation and sclerosis were observed, containing
      large amounts of basement membrane-like material and sometimes of collagen
      fibrils; synechiae and crescent formation were noted in certain places. These
      observations suggest that the glomerular localization of very large, poorly
      soluble or insoluble immune complexes may be responsible for the focal glomerular
      changes seen in association with subacute bacterial endocarditis, with
      anaphylactoid purpura, or for some of the most severe lesions developing during
      chronic immune complex diseases.

PMID- 1089839
TI  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus in immunosuppressed adult hamster.
AB  - A hamster-adapted subacute sclerosing panencephalitis agent (HBS virus) produced
      a subclinical, nonlethal, and cell-associated encephalitis after intracerebral
      inoculation of adult hamsters. When adult hamsters were immunosuppressed by
      intraperitoneal injections of rabbit origin anti-hamster lymphocyte serum for
      varying periods of time before and after intracerebral challenge with HBS virus,
      more than 50 per cent died in all experiments. Large titers of cell-free virus
      developed acutely in all animals and were maintained in continuously
      immunosuppressed hamsters, all but one of which died within 21 days. When animals
      were given transient anti-hamster lymphocyte serum treatment, those surviving for
      21 to 54 days always displayed serum measles antibodies, and, from such animals,
      highly cell-associated virus could often be isolated from the brain. In such
      animals and in some others from which no virus could be isolated, the presence of
      measles antigen or inclusion cell pathology was noted in the brain. The
      neuropathology was characterized early by focal necrosis; small, multinucleated,
      ependymal giant cells; and minimal inflammatory reactions. Chronically, it was
      represented by mild perivascular inflammation, plasma cell accumulations, and
      inclusion-bearing cells. These studies indicate that it is the host immune
      response, rather than intrinsic central nervous system resistance to virus
      infection, which changes with age and thereby increases the chance of survival.
      The results suggest that antibodies modify the virus, making it more cell
      associated or defective and thus enhancing its persistence in the immune host.

PMID- 1089838
TI  - Experimental glomerulonephritis in the guinea pig. II. Ultrastructural lesions of
      the basement membrane associated with proteinuria.
AB  - Humoral immune processes mediate alterations in glomerular basement membrane
      (GBM) permeability by two mechanisms. One requires complement and
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the second is complement- and polymorphonuclear
      leukocyte-independent. The structural basis for enhanced GBM permeability induced
      by anti-GBM antibody is not clear. Experimental anti-GBM glomerulopathy was
      induced in guinea pigs by immunization with human GBM in complete Freund's
      adjuvant. Control animals received injections of complete Freund's adjuvant
      alone. Light, immunofluorescent, and electron microscopic studies were done on
      eight heavily proteinuric animals, four immunized nonproteinuric animals, three
      controls, and two normal animals. All animals that received injections of GBM had
      intense linear deposits of gamma2 anti-GBM antibody. Complement deposition was
      not demonstrable in vivo, and anti-GBM antibody deposits did not fix complement
      in vitro. Histologic abnormalities in proteinuric animals were confined to the
      GBM, which was of variable density and had a characteristic beaded thickening,
      with numerous areas of electron lucency most prominent in the outer aspect of GBM
      in peripheral portions of capillary loops. The inner margin and endothelium were
      normal. Ultrastructural tracer studies with ferritin demonstrated increased
      permeability confined to portions of GBM demonstrating ultrastructural lesions.
      The urine protein excreted by animals with ultrastructural GBM lesions was
      largely albumin. The absence of complement deposition accompanying anti-GBM
      antibody deposits in vivo and the unique GBM lesion in this model differ from the
      findings in nephritis induced by most heterologous nephrotoxic antibodies and
      suggest that GBM injury in this model is mediated by autologous antibody through
      complement-independent mechanisms. The selective proteinuria and ultrastructural
      lesions suggest a derangement in glomerular permeability functionally localized
      to the epithelial side of the GBM and could reflect an antibody-mediated
      abnormality in GBM biosynthesis.

PMID- 1089840
TI  - Effect of beta-aminopropionitrile on in vitro bone lipid synthesis.
AB  - The effect of beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) on lipid synthesis and 14CO2
      production from 14C-acetate by rat calvariae in vitro was investigated by
      biochemical, histochemical, and autoradiographic techniques. Exposure of bones to
      5 mM BAPN throughout a 5-hour incubation period resulted in little effect on
      lipid synthesis when compared with control bones. Higher BAPN concentrations, up
      to 100 mM, during this short incubation period resulted in enhanced lipid
      radioactivity for most of the identified lipid classes. Longer preincubation
      periods of 20 hours and low BAPN (20 mM) concentrations resulted in enhanced
      lipogenesis. As BAPN concentrations above 20 mM were employed, lipogenesis
      decreased to such a level that some lipid classes failed to become labeled with
      14C-acetate. 14CO2 production from 14C-acetate by a rat calvariae was affected by
      BAPN concentration and incubation time in a pattern similar to that of lipid
      synthesis. Histochemistry demonstrated neutral fat in the osteogenic cells and
      phospholipids in osteoblasts and the osteoid matrix. Autoradiographic
      localization of 14C-acetate revealed that the radioactivity was in the osteogenic
      cells and that this activity was markedly increased after pretreatment of the
      calvariae with BAPN. This study shows that some concentrations of BAPN enhance
      lipogenesis by rat calvariae and supports the earlier suggestion that lipids play
      a role in biologic calcification.

PMID- 1089842
TI  - Cytoplasmic contractile apparatus in aortic endothelial cells of hypertensive
      rats.
AB  - Hypertension was produced in male Wistar rats (150 gm. body weight) by complete
      ligature of the aorta between the renal arteries. Electron  microscopic
      examination revealed that 1 week later the amount of cytoplasmic microfilaments
      in the endothelial cells of the aortic segment above the coarctation (mean blood
      pressure 160 mm. Hg) was strikingly increased as compared with normal animals.
      The endothelial cells in the segment below the coarctation (mean blood pressure
      25 mm. Hg) contained few filaments and were similar to the cells in the aortic
      endothelium in controls (mean blood pressure 105 mm. Hg). Microfilaments measured
      40 to 70 angstrom in diameter and were mostly located close to the endothelial
      clefts, where they formed longitudinal bundles or a network. The bundles of
      microfilaments contained electron-dense areas similar to the "attachment sites"
      of the underlying smooth muscle. By using en face preparations of aortic
      endothelial cells treated with antiactin autoantibodies (AAA) followed by anti
      human IgG, it was seen that in hypertensive animals the cells above the ligature
      were intensely fluorescent when compared with those of the aortic portion below
      the ligature or those of the controls. The fluorescence was abolished after
      incubation of the AAA sera with thrombosthenin A. The correlation between
      electron microscopic and immunologic findings suggests that the microfilaments
      present in the endothelial cells of hypertensive animals are composed, at least
      in part, of actin. Endothelial cells so modified may play a role in permeability
      or may be related to other phenomena such as electrotonic coupling and
      synchronized contraction of aortic cells during hypertension.

PMID- 1089841
TI  - Immunoglobulin A glomerulonephritis: a clinicopathologic study.
AB  - Renal biopsies from 10 patients staining predominantly for immunoglobulin A are
      reviewed. Historically, nine of 10 patients were less than 32 years of age; they
      all presented with either microscopic or gross hematuria. The initial creatinine
      clearances demonstrated good function in all patients; only one patient
      experienced a progressive decline in the creatinine clearance. Similarly,
      proteinuria was mild. The light and electron microscopic findings presented a
      variable pattern, including a group with changes confined to the mesangium,
      another group also having glomerular basement membrane changes, and one patient
      with severe, progressive glomerular sclerosis. Immunogluorescence demonstrated
      large amounts of IgA predominantly within the mesangium but occasionally
      involving the peripheral capillary loops. Serum IgA levels were elevated in six
      of eight patients tested, and two of five patients had elevated nasal IgA
      concentrations. These data suggest that there is an immunologic entity, IgA
      glomerulonephritis, characterized by the above clincial findings in association
      with elevated serum and occasionally nasal IgA levels, but that the pathologic
      findings are highly variable. Neither the mechanism nor the particular
      pathogenetic significance of the raised IgA levels is presently known. The
      similarities of this entity to the reported findings in anaphylactoid purpura are
      mentioned.

PMID- 1089843
TI  - Experimental glomerulonephritis in the rat induced by antibodies directed against
      tubular antigens. II. Influence of medication with prednisone and azathioprine: a
      histologic and immunohistologic study at the light microscopic and the
      ultrastructural level.
AB  - In this paper, the effect of the administration of prednisone and azathioprine on
      an experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis is studied. During the
      observation period of 3 months, it appeared that prednisone had no effect either
      on the morphology of glomerulonephritis or on the proteinuria caused by it.
      Azathioprine, especially when given 4 days before or simultaneously with the
      induction of the experimental immune complex glomerulonephritis, showed a clear
      effect on the morphology of the glomerulonephritis as well as on the proteinuria.
      The damage to the glomerular basement membrane as a result of deposition of
      immune complexes was less and the proteinuria was significantly lower. The effect
      of azathioprine was not present when given 10 days after the induction of
      glomerulonephritis, at a time when the autologous phase had already developed.

PMID- 1089844
TI  - Peer training through game utilization.

PMID- 1089845
TI  - The diamond anastomosis: a technique for creating a right-angle side-to-side
      vascular anastomosis.

PMID- 1089846
TI  - Extrathoracic bypass for stenosis of innominate artery.
AB  - Stenosis of the innominate artery usually occurs in older patients in whom the
      risks of conventional, corrective procedures such as transthoracic endarterectomy
      or aorto-innominate arterial bypass grafting are quite high. An axillo-axillary
      bypass procedure was performed in a high-risk patient with innominate arterial
      stenosis who had repeated episodes of transient cerebral ischemia due to
      decreased blood flow through the right carotid artery and reversal of blood flow
      through the right vertebral artery. Postoperatively, he has had dramatic
      improvement in his symptoms. Because of its simplicity, avoidance of major
      thoracotomy, avoidance of temporary occlusion of the carotid artery, and
      excellent late results, axillo-axillary bypass grafting is being proposed as the
      procedure of choice for stenosis of the innominate artery.

PMID- 1089847
TI  - Hemodynamic observations in the early period after human heart transplantation.
AB  - Serial hemodynamic measurements, including determination of cardiac output by the
      Fick technique, were obtained in 10 human cardiac recipients for intervals up to
      38 days after transplantation. Immediately postoperatively, donor cardiac output
      was severely depressed because of limitation of stroke volume. Spontaneous
      recovery of cardiac output and stroke volume then occurred gradually over the
      first 4 postoperative days to normal or nearly normal levels. Rate augmentation
      by arterial and/or ventricular pacing early after transplantation had little
      effect on donor heart performance, but isoproterenol caused significant
      enhancement of graft function and is now used routinely in postoperative
      management. Serial hemodynamic monitoring proved to be of little use in the
      prediction or confirmation of acute graft rejection episodes.

PMID- 1089848
TI  - Surgical repair of total cleft sternum.
AB  - There are two objectives in the surgical repair of congenital total cleft
      sternum:(1) to afford normal bony protection to the mediastinal structures and
      (2) to provide stability of the anterior thorax so that respiratory function and
      circulation can be maintained physiologically within normal pressure
      relationships. A case is presented, and a new method for repair of this life
      threatening congenital anomaly is described.

PMID- 1089849
TI  - Evaluation of an outpatient pediatric practice through the use of consumer
      questionnaires.
AB  - Two questionnaires were given to parents accompanying children to an out-patient
      pediatric center. The first was given to all Ss directly after a care-receiving
      visit; the second was given one week after the visit only to Ss accompanying Ps
      receiving throat cultures. Care was judged extremely favorably in both instances.
      Quality of care measures intercorrelated very highly. No strong relationship was
      found between length of illness or illness versus absence and rated quality of
      care received.

PMID- 1089850
TI  - [Military medical officer association are celebrating their one hundred
      anniversary].

PMID- 1089851
TI  - The significance of positive margins in hemilaryngectomy specimens.
AB  - This clinicopathologic study was undertaken to determine the meaning of surgical
      margins "involved" with carcinoma. The fate of hemilaryngectomy patients whose
      specimens had this finding was comparared with that of patients who had
      "uninvolved" margins. A consecutive series of 111 hemilaryngectomies performed
      for previously untreated invasive epidermoid carcinoma was analyzed. Serial step
      sections in a longitudinal plane were available for re-examination and re
      evaluation of the surgical margins in each case. Clinical follow-up on every
      patient was current through 1972. Thirty-nine patients had cancer involvement of
      a margin in the hemilaryngectomy specimen. None of these patients received any
      immediate therapy but were followed only. Seven of these patients (18 percent)
      subsequently developed a biopsy proven local recurrence. Four of the 72 patients
      (6 percent) with uninvolved margins developed a local recurrence. The site of the
      positive margin in the specimen was compared with the clinical site of
      recurrence. The seven local recurrences in patients with positive margins were
      treated with full course irradiation or total laryngectomy. All of these patients
      are alive and free of cancer or have died of other causes without evidence of
      cancer. Of the four local recurrences in patients with negative margins one died
      of cancer; two are living and well, and one died of other causes. This study
      provides evidence to support the conservative management of those
      hemilaryngectomy patients who have involved margins in the resection specimen. No
      immediate treatment is required. Careful follow-up is indicated with 18 percent
      chance of clinical recurrence. These biopsy proven recurrences can then be
      successfully treated with total laryngectomy or full course irradiation.
      Utilizing this approach none of the 39 patients with involved margins died of
      cancer in the 5 to 12-year follow-up period.

PMID- 1089852
TI  - Certain effects of adenoidectomy of Eustachian tube ventilatory function.
AB  - In an effort to develop a simple and accurate method to identify children in whom
      adenoidectomy might prevent otitis media, the ventilatory function of the
      Eustachian tube was assessed by a manometric technique. Nasal pressures during
      swallowing were also determined in some. The study group consisted of 23 children
      with otitis media in whom tympanostomy tubes had been inserted. All were judged
      clinically and roentgenographically to have prominent adenoids. Inflation
      deflation Eustachian tube ventilation studies were obtained in 36 ears that
      remained intubated, aerated and dry both before and eight weeks after
      adenoidectomy. Fifteen of the 36 (42 percent) ears had improvement in Eustachian
      tube ventilatory function postadenoidectomy which was attributed to relief of
      extrinsic mechanical obstruction of the tube. In the remaining 21 (58 percent)
      ears in which Eustachian tube function was not improved, mechanical obstruction
      was not apparent preoperatively. The effect of nasopharyngeal pressures on a
      pliant Eustachian tube (Toynbee phenomenon) due to obstruction of the posterior
      nasal choanae by the adenoid mass was suggested as a possible cause of functional
      Eustachian tube obstruction. In several instances in which preadenoidectomy
      mechanical obstruction of the Eustachian tube was not demonstrated, the tube
      appeared to have been made more pliant by the operation. This increase in
      compliance of the Eustachian tube was attributed to loss of adenoid support of
      the tube in the fossa of Rosenmuller. From this study, preliminary
      recommendations for selection of patients for adenoidectomy are the following: 1.
      Eustachian tube ventilation function tests in a dry, intubated middle ear; 2. if
      extrinsic mechanical obstruction of the Eustachian tube is present and chronic
      inflammation is absent, adenoidectomy will probably improve Eustachian tube
      function. The surgical technique should include adequate removal of the adenoid
      tissue in the fossa of Rosenmuller; 3. if the Eustachian tube does not appear to
      be mechanically obstructed, the adenoids should not be removed unless functional
      obstruction is suspected due to obstruction of the posterior nasal choanae.
      Adenoid tissue within the fossa of Rosenmuller should not be removed when such
      circumstances exist; and 4. in the abscence of obstructive adenoids to the nasal
      choanae or Eustachian tube, adenoidectomy probably will not improve Eustachian
      tube function and could make it worse. A more rational and effective approach to
      adenoidectomy for the prevention of otitis media in children may be possible
      through this type of preoperative evaluation.

PMID- 1089853
TI  - The inverted Schneiderian papilloma: a clinical and pathological study.
AB  - Inverted papillomas which arise from the lining membranes of the nose and
      paranasal sinuses are relatively unfamiliar lesions which have been reported in
      the literature under a variety of titles. The uncertainly surrounding their
      etiology, their relationship to nasal polyps and their malignant potential have
      resulted in an ill-defined clinical approach to their management. The designation
      Inverted Schneiderian Papilloma is suggested as an appropriate title that best
      conveys the qualities of inversion, location and distinctiveness of character.
      The characteristic microscopic feature is the increase in thickness of the
      covering epithelium with extensive invasion of this hyperplastic epithelium into
      the underlying stroma. In the absence of a better explanation of the origin, the
      tumor should be considered a true epithelial neoplasm. The clinical features in
      24 previously unreported cases are presented. The most common presenting
      complaints are nasal obstruction and epistaxis. The common site of origin is the
      lateral nasal wall in the region of the middle meatus and ethmoid cells. In no
      instance was an isolated lesion of the maxillary, frontal or sphenoid sinus
      present. The most characteristic attributes of the tumor were its tendency to
      recur, its destructive capacity and its propensity to be associated with
      malignancy. The common radiographic abnormality on routine sinus films was
      unilateral opacification of the sinuses and nasal airway. Tomography is helpful
      in defining the extent of the lesion and in selecting an appropriate surgical
      approach. A philosophy of management has evolved based on the experiences gained
      from these 24 patients, combined with a review of the experience of others and a
      study of the regional anatomy. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. A
      bold surgical approach has been used for tumors involving the lateral nasal wall
      and paranasal sinuses. A lateral rhinotomy incision is employed and when
      necessary, this exposure is increased by extending the incision of split the
      upper lip and reflect the cheek flap as is customarily done with the Weber
      Ferfusson incision. Fifteen patients have been followed for more than two years
      and the results have been excellent with the exception of one patient who later
      developed an invasive squamous carcinoma. An associated malignancy was found in
      12.5 percent of the cases.

PMID- 1089854
TI  - The Conacher Memorial Lecture: "100 years of effort".

PMID- 1089855
TI  - Gordon Richards Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 1089856
TI  - Panel discussion: the historical development of laryngectomy. I. Introduction of
      panel on historical development of the laryngectomy.

PMID- 1089857
TI  - Panel discussion: the historical development of laryngectomy. II. The evolution
      of laryngology and laryngectomy in the mid-19th century.

PMID- 1089858
TI  - Panel discussion: the historical development of laryngectomy. IV. The South
      American contribution to the surgery of laryngeal cancer.

PMID- 1089859
TI  - Panel discussion: the historical development of laryngectomy. V. A century of
      progress of laryngectomies in the northern hemisphere.

PMID- 1089860
TI  - Panel discussion: the historical development of laryngectomy. VI. History of
      radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer of the larynx, 1896-1939.

PMID- 1089861
TI  - The growth kinetics of tumors in relation to their therapeutic response.

PMID- 1089863
TI  - [Computers in medicine. 3. Diagnosis as a sum].

PMID- 1089862
TI  - [Drainage of the abdominal cavity].

PMID- 1089865
TI  - [Science: Misuse and undoing].

PMID- 1089864
TI  - [Experimental and clinical studies on meprobamate therapy].

PMID- 1089866
TI  - Situation improving, say Michigan's female physicians.

PMID- 1089867
TI  - Some background on the Blackwell Chapter, AMWA.

PMID- 1089868
TI  - [Determination of immune antibodies in the ABO-system using an autoanalyzer].

PMID- 1089869
TI  - [Manual and mechanized counter technics for thrombocytes determination].

PMID- 1089870
TI  - [The use of CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) in the treatment of the
      neonatal idiopathic respiratory syndrome].

PMID- 1089871
TI  - Hemochromatosis.

PMID- 1089872
TI  - Does the man-in-the-moon affect your practice?

PMID- 1089873
TI  - Occurrence of thermophilic microorganisms in peanuts and peanut soil.

PMID- 1089874
TI  - Failure of high dose 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine in the therapy of herpes simplex
      virus encephalitis. Evidence of unacceptable toxicity.
AB  - Two placebo-controlled double-blind studies were initiated to evaluate the
      therapeutic efficacy of 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine (idoxuridine) in biopsy-provedcases
      of herpes simplex virus encephalitis. Twelve patients who on clinical grounds
      were thought to have herepes simplex virus encephalitis underwent brain biopsy;
      six of these patients were proved to have this disease, three were considered
      probable cases,and three were considered doubtful. The patients with proved or
      probably herpes simplex virus encephalitis were treated with parenteral
      idoxuridine (or placebo) at a dose of 100 mg per kiogram per day for five days.
      The occurrence of unacceptable myelosupperssion and the failure of idoxuridine
      therapy to prevent death led to the premature termination of both studies.

PMID- 1089875
TI  - Treatment of gallstones with chenodeoxycholic acid and phenobarbital.
AB  - In a controlled trial, 36 patients with asymptomatic radiolucent gallstones were
      treated with chenodeoxycholic acid, 750 mg per day, phenobarbital, 180 mg per
      day, combination of both drugs, and placebo. After one year, chenodeoxycholic
      acid, phenobarbital and the combination, but not placebo, significantly decreased
      biliary cholesterol saturation. The effect was significantly greater with
      chenodeoxycholic acid and the combination than with phenobarbital. Gallstones
      size decreased more than 50 per cent in nine of 20 patients receiving
      chenodeoxycholic acid, either alone or combined with phenobarbital, but in no
      patient receiving only phenobarbital or placebo. Gallstones disappeared
      completely in tow patients. Abnormalities in liver-function tests in thriee of 36
      patients and in five of 16 liver biopsies, occured with equal frequency in the
      four treatment groups. Thus, after one year, phenobarbital alone was ineffective
      in gallstone dissolution. Chenodeoxycholic acid alone or combined with
      phenobarbital, however, offered a partially effective and safe treatment for
      asymptomatic radiolucent gallstones.

PMID- 1089876
TI  - Palpitation rates associated with fluorocarbon exposure in a hospital setting.

PMID- 1089877
TI  - Lawrence R. Dame, M.d.

PMID- 1089878
TI  - Letter: "Ethics shock" and randomized trials.

PMID- 1089879
TI  - Relation between quality assessment and utilization review in a functioning PSRO.
AB  - The Utah State Medical Association, through its peer-review foundation, the Utah
      Professional Review Organization, has implemented an integrated system of
      utilization reveiw and quality assessment linked to a program of continuing
      education.  Nurse co-ordinators, employed by the Organization, screen all
      hospitalized patients covered by Titles XVIII, XIX and V as well as by
      subscribing private insurers. Approximately 10 per cent of hospitalized patients
      do not meet peer-generated criteria for admission review or length of stay and
      are screened out for peer review,  The nurse co-ordinators collect data for
      retrospective quality assessment, identifying targets for continuing medical
      education.  Preliminary data support the cost effectiveness of such a review
      program.  Continuing qualtiy audit will test the effectiveness of education
      programs.

PMID- 1089881
TI  - Current concepts measurement of cardiac output by thermodilution.

PMID- 1089880
TI  - Hereditary defects affecting fertility.

PMID- 1089882
TI  - Fiber embolization--a hazard of cardiac surgery and catheterization,.

PMID- 1089884
TI  - Value of early ambulation in patients with and without complications after acute
      myocardial infarction.
AB  - A prospective, controlled, randomized study was done to compare the effect of
      early and late ambulation in hospitalized patients with acute myocardial
      infarction. All patients surviving longer than the first five days were studied;
      64 patients were mobilized on day six and discharged on day 12, and 65 were
      mobilized on day 13 and discharged on day 19. Follow-up observation lasted from
      six to 52 weeks. Of patients without complications until day six, eight out of 32
      in the early and 16 of 35 in the late groups manifested complications during the
      follow-up period (p smaller than 0.05). Of those who had complications before day
      six, seven of 32 and 26 of 30 still had or acquired new complications until last
      seen (p small than 0.0001). The number of serious complications in the two groups
      was eight and 24 respectively (p smaller than 0.001). We conclude that early
      ambulation is beneficial irrespective of complications on admission.

PMID- 1089883
TI  - Severe combined immunodeficiency and adenosine deaminase deficiency.
AB  - Because others had described a lack of the enzyme adenosine deaminase as
      associated with severe combined immunodeficiency, we surveyed kindreds with
      infants affected with such an immunodeficiency. Three infants in two families
      with severe combined immunodeficiency were found to have no detectable
      erythrocyte adenosine deaminase. Eleven family members heterozygous for adenosine
      deaminase deficiency were encountered among the first-degree relatives; adenosine
      deaminase deficiency and severe combined immunodeficiency were associated and
      inherited as autosomal recessive traits in both kindreds. Successful bone-marrow
      transplantation was carried out in two of these infants. Normal immunologic
      function was established in both children, but the deficiency of adenosine
      deaminase persisted in their erythrocytes. The enzyme deficiency did not impair
      the successful establishment of normal humoral and cellular immunity by
      transplants of bone-marrow cells from siblings who were either normal or
      heterozygous for adenosine deaminase deficiency.

PMID- 1089885
TI  - Filtration leukapheresis for granulocyte transfusion therapy. Clinical and
      laboratory studies.
AB  - To study the clinical efficacy of granulocytes obtained by filtration
      leukapheresis, patients with clinically evident infection and granulocyte counts
      of smaller than 500 per cubic millimeter were randomly assigned to receive
      conventional therapy alone or with a granulocyte transfusion obtained from a
      single donor each day for four days. Five of 19 control patients survived to day
      20, and 15 of 17 in the transfused group survived. Comparison of the two
      populations for variables such as age, disease, and severity and type of
      infection revealed no other factor that could account for the difference in
      survival. Outcome was not demonstrated to be related to HL-A match, post
      transfusion counts, or presence of leukocyte antibodies. Functional studies of
      granulocytes obtained by filtration leukapheresis showed only minor differences
      although appearance was altered. Granulocytes so obtained can be used safely and
      efficaciously as adjunctive therapy for infection associated with
      granulocytopenia.

PMID- 1089886
TI  - Prolactin and breast carcinoma.

PMID- 1089887
TI  - Varaztad H. Kazanjian, M.D.

PMID- 1089889
TI  - Clinical genetics: some neglected facets.
AB  - Like general medicine, clinical genetics has responsibilities to research, to
      dissemination and to service. Each exists at three broad levels. The elemental
      comprises acquisition of fact and development of technics. At the intermediate
      level coherence becomes a major concern: the discernment of relations among
      facts; the incorporation of data into ideas and insights; organization of
      clinical findings into a diagnosis; and the development of the rational
      management. The sophisticated level calls for theories and cosmologies at the
      scientific level, and cultivation of scholarship and of clinical wisdom. All nine
      compartments should be mutually correcting. If any of them is neglected or
      isolated from the rest, the whole will be impoverished-the student will suffocate
      in disconnected, empirical facts; fanciful theories will be spun from tenuous
      evidence; well established theory will be neglected by the practitioner; the best
      intentioned schemes will have disastrous long-term consequences.

PMID- 1089888
TI  - Immunopathogenesis of syphilitic glomerulonephritis. Elution of antitreponemal
      antibody from glomerular immune-complex deposits.
AB  - A renal biopsy was performed on a patient with syphilitic glomerulonephritis
      characterized clinically by the acute onset of nephrosis that responded
      dramatically to penicillin therapy. Histologic, electron microscopical and
      immunohistochemical studies revealed an early membranous glomerulonephritis
      characterized by the presence of subepithelial basement-membrane deposits
      containing IgG and C3. The glomerular lesion, however, differed from that in the
      usual case of membranous nephropathy in that distinctive segmental lesions were
      present at the tubular poles of the glomeruli, and all the glomeruli exhibited
      mild proliferation of mesangial cells in association with the presence of IgM
      within mesangial areas. Antibody elution studies performed on the renal-biopsy
      specimen demonstrated the presence of antitreponemal antibody within the
      glomerular immune-complex deposits. This finding indicates that the glomerular
      injury occasionally complicating secondary syphilis is due to the deposition of
      treponemal antigen-antitreponemal antibody complexes.

PMID- 1089890
TI  - Atrioventricular block (first of two parts).
AB  - The development of His-bundle (H) electrocardiography and the concept of
      hemiblocks have prompted a re-examination of conventional thinking about the
      indications for treatment of atrioventricular (AV) block. The technic of
      treatment is not the issue; ventricular pacemaking is the only really effective
      and reliable method. The problem for this review is what these recent
      developments have contributed to deciding when and if a pacemaker should be
      installed.

PMID- 1089891
TI  - Reversible hydronephrosis in the neonate with urinary sepsis.
AB  - Hydroureteronephrosis without vesicoureteral reflux or lower-urinary-tract
      obstruction is uncommon in infants. There has been considerable interest in and
      controversy over the cause and management of this entity. We have cared for three
      neonates with severe hydroureteronephrosis after acute urinary tract infections,
      who were treated without operation.

PMID- 1089892
TI  - By the London post, Christmas books.

PMID- 1089893
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 9-1975.

PMID- 1089894
TI  - Elmer Stanley Bagnell, M.D., 1888-1974.

PMID- 1089895
TI  - Letter: Preservation of cadaver kidneys.

PMID- 1089896
TI  - Reduced maximal levels of derepression of the isoleucine-valine and leucine
      enzymes in hisT mutants of Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 1089897
TI  - Darwinian evolution in the genealogy of haemoglobin.

PMID- 1089899
TI  - Glucose-induced decrease in Rb+ permeability in pancreatic beta cells.

PMID- 1089898
TI  - Ultraviolet light activation of insect nuclear polyhedrosis virus.

PMID- 1089900
TI  - Effects of antibody emission rates on plaque morphology.

PMID- 1089901
TI  - Location of non-DNA components of closed circular colicin E1 plasmid DNA.

PMID- 1089902
TI  - CH3 domain of IgG as binding site to Fc receptor on mouse lymphocytes.

PMID- 1089903
TI  - A gene cluster in Aspergillus nidulans with an internally located cis-acting
      regulatory region.
AB  - Work reported here on the fungus Aspergillus nidulans has provided the first
      definitive demonstration of operon-type organisation in an eukaryote genome. It
      has been shown that the prnA and prnB genes concerned with proline metabolism
      form a gene cluster with the regulatory region lying between the two putative
      structural genes prnA and prnB. Regulatory mutations (prnd) probably leading to
      relief of carbon catabolite repression, map in between prnA and prnB and are cis
      dominant with respect to both. The properties of these regulatory mutations and
      other findings suggest that carbon catabolite repression may be mediated by a
      negative control system in A. nidulans. This gene cluster is particularly
      interesting in view of its divergent orientation (with the regulatory region
      located in the centre of the operon) and for the fact that unlike the divergent
      operons known in prokaryotes, the divergent orientation is related to the way in
      which this particular operon may be regulated.

PMID- 1089904
TI  - Initiator constitutive mutation with an 'up-promoter' effect in Aspergillus
      nidulans.
AB  - A mutation leading to strong constitutivity for a uric acid-xanthine permease in
      the lower eukaryote Aspergillus nidulans has been found to be tightly linked to
      the putative structural gene whose expression it controls in the cis
      configuration. In addition, it increases the maximal induced level of transport
      2.5-fold. This is the first demonstration of an initiator or promoter mutation in
      an eukaryote.

PMID- 1089905
TI  - Sudden appearance of IgG plaque-forming cells.

PMID- 1089906
TI  - In vitro ageing and evolution of immunocompetence in long term normal lymphoid
      cell cultures.

PMID- 1089907
TI  - Effect of a protein-free diet on lymph node and spleen cell response in vivo to
      blastogenic stimulants.

PMID- 1089908
TI  - Metabolic and insulin-releasing activities of D-glucose anomers.

PMID- 1089909
TI  - Conservation of primary structure in 16S ribosomal RNA.

PMID- 1089910
TI  - In memoriam: Norman Oliver Benson, M.D.

PMID- 1089911
TI  - In memoriam: William Myles Shelley, M.D.

PMID- 1089912
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid cytology: practical clinical usefulness.
AB  - Sedimentation cytomorphology is a simple, inexpensive technique of collecting
      cells from cerebrospinal fluid and is of great clinical value. Important
      variables such as blood contamination, age of the patient, and general clincial
      condition must be considered. Specific conditions for which cerebrospinal fluid
      cytomorphology shows clinical usefulness include central nervous system leukemia,
      hemorrhage, immunopathies, infections, and brain tumors. Clinical examples of
      each of these conditions and their correlated cytograms are presented.

PMID- 1089914
TI  - Abolition of electrically induced cortical seizures by stereotactic thalamic
      lesions. Evidence for descending thalamopontine medullar spinal connections in
      the centrencephalic epileptic system of the cat.
AB  - In experiments on the mechanism of epilepsy in normal adult cats, seizure
      patterns were established by electrical cortical and subcortical stimulation.
      Repeated cortical stimulation after bilateral coagulation of the lateral
      posterior thalamic nucleus resulted in a marked reduction in seizures, including
      complete abolishment of seizures in some animals. Histologic studies of the
      lateral posterior thalamic nucleus showed degeneration to the ventral anterior
      thalamic nucleus, the H zone of Forel, the mesencephalic-pontine reticular
      formations, the trigeminal motor nucleus, the lateral vestibular nucleus, and the
      intermediate horn of the entire spinal cord. This establishes a role for the
      lateral posterior thalamic nucleus in the centrencephalic system for all
      components of a typical epileptic attack.

PMID- 1089913
TI  - Serum clonazepam concentrations in children with absence seizures.
AB  - Clonazepam, a chlorinated derivative of nitrazepam, was administered to 10
      children with absence seizures. Serum concentrations were measured after 8 weeks
      of treatment, at steady state. Seizure frequency reports and the 12-hour
      telemetered electroencephalogram were studied before and after 8 weeks of
      treatment to determine the frequency and duration of generalized spike-wave
      paroxysms. The clonazepam dosage ranged from 0.028 to 0.111 mg per kilogram and
      was reflected in serum levels ranging from 13 to 72 ng per milliliter, with an
      excellent correlation between dose and serum level. Eight of the 10 patients
      showed a significant decrease in seizure frequency, with three experiencing no
      seizures at all. Six patients had side effects, predominantly drowsiness and
      ataxia. This preliminary study shows clonazepam to be useful in the treatment of
      absence seizures in children and to merit further study.

PMID- 1089915
TI  - [Anesthesiological problems in renal transplantation].
AB  - The physiopathological changes observed in uraemia are briefly described and an
      account is given pharmacological considerations relevant to the induction and
      maintenance of anaesthesia and muscle relaxation, The anaesthesiological
      management of 20 kidneys transplants (17 from living donors and 3 from cadavers)
      is explained. Steps taken for intra-operative care and protection of the
      transplanted organ to aid its function recovery are explained.

PMID- 1089916
TI  - [Plague in the Susa Upper Valley and the epidemic of 1630].

PMID- 1089917
TI  - [History of Pharmacists by Adrien Phillippe].

PMID- 1089918
TI  - [Moliere's physicians in music].

PMID- 1089919
TI  - [Hodgkin's disease in the malignant lymphoma category. Nosographic problems].
AB  - The classification of lymphoreticular tissue tumours is still confused. The
      tumours themselves take many forms and tissue reaction may be such as to preclude
      a clear distinction between neoplastic and inflammatory processes. This has led
      to what Willis called a chaos of definitions. The grouping proposed by Gall and
      Mallory in 1942 is still valid and includes Hodgkin's disease, lymphosarcoma,
      reticulum cell sarcoma, and follicular lymphoma. Its basis is both clinical and
      histological, particularly the latter; vary slight differences between the
      respective histological pictures and the possibility of transition forms. True
      leukaemias, however, must be excluded.

PMID- 1089920
TI  - [Hodgkin's disease in the malignant lymphoma category. Relations between its
      histopathological and clinical aspects].
AB  - The need for active collaboration on the part of the histopathologist and the
      clinician in the management of hodgkin's disease is stressed, with particular
      reference to diagnosis, histological classification, and evaluation of the
      clinical stage.

PMID- 1089921
TI  - [Current chemotherapeutic trends in the treatment of malignant lymphomas with
      special reference to Hodgkin's disease].
AB  - Sequential or simulatineous use is made of four types of antiproliferative drugs
      in the modern treatment of malignant lymphoma: alkylating drugs, including
      procarbazine; Vinca rosea alkaloids; antibiotics; corticosteroids. The
      simulataneous employment of two or more drugs appears to give best results,
      though it cannot eradicate the disease; this is possible with radiation or
      surgery in the early stages. Chemotherapy is nevertheless without alternative in
      the more advanced stages. Long periods of even complete remission may thus be
      achieved.

PMID- 1089922
TI  - [On a case of exlusively splenic Hodgkin's disease, with histological detection
      alone].
AB  - A case of Hodgkin's disease confined to the spleen is described. A picture of
      sepsis with rapidly progessive cachexia was present from the outset. Necrosy
      revealed no gross evidence of the disease and diagnosis was solely dependent on
      the histological evidence.

PMID- 1089923
TI  - William Augustine Fennelly, D.D.S.

PMID- 1089924
TI  - In memoriam. Harry M. Seldin, D.D.S.

PMID- 1089925
TI  - Dr. Fennelly past president DSSNY deat at 77.

PMID- 1089926
TI  - Harry M. Seldin, oral surgeon dead at 79.

PMID- 1089927
TI  - Gonadotropin responses following luteinizing hormone releasing hormone
      administration in normal subjects.
AB  - Synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), 100 mug, was administered
      intravenously to 29 normal individuals. In male subjects, both baseline and peak
      LH response values showed minimal variations between subjects. The FSH baseline
      and response were more variable. In normal females the FSH and LH baseline values
      and response to LHRH infusion showed greater variation than that seen in male
      subjects, and this variation correlated with the phase of the menstrual cycle. In
      perimenopausal women with elevated baseline gonadotropins, the absolute LH peak
      values were comparable to those seen during the periovulatory period of the
      menstrual cycle, while FSH baseline and peak values were unmistakably higher than
      those observed in the normally menstruating women. Three women under gonadotropic
      suppression by three different drugs were investigated; megestrol suppressed the
      LHRH response more effectively than either diethylstilbestrol or an oral
      contraceptive. The LHRH stimulation test reflects only the ability of the
      pituitary cell to release gonadotropins. In a normal individual, however, some
      justifiable assumptions can be made regarding the immediate past synthesis and
      release versus accumulation of pituitary LH.

PMID- 1089928
TI  - Diagnostic use of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in primary amenorrhea.
AB  - Thirty-eight patients with primary amenorrhea were evaluated by the
      administration of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). The LHRH
      stimulation test was not helpful in differentiating those patients who will
      proceed to normal menses from those who will continue to have prolonged
      dysfunction. Similar responses were observed in patients with different
      pathology, which indicates that the LHRH test must be utilized in conjunction
      with a carefully planned evaluation if it is to be useful in differentiating a
      hypothalamic from a pituitary defect. The finding of a patient with
      hypergonadotropism by serum radioimmunoassay and negative gonadotropins by
      bioassay suggests that the radioimmunoassay may detect a biologically inactive
      molecule and indicates that both assays are essential in the evaluation of
      primary amenorrhea.

PMID- 1089930
TI  - Pituitary response to a new analog of luteinizing hormone releasing factor during
      the menstrual cycle.
AB  - A new analog of luteinizing-hormone-releasing factor, (Des-Gly-NH-2-10, Pro
      ethylamide-9)-LHRF, was tested in healthy women with regular menstrual cycles.
      This synthetic nonapeptide amide was injected intravenously in a dose of 200 mug
      into 15 normal female volunteers in the follicular, preovulatory, and luteal
      phases of the menstrual cycle, and the serum LH and FSH responses were compared
      with those to the same dose of the synthetic decapeptide LHRF in 15 controls. The
      new analog exhibited significantly higher activity than the synthetic decapeptide
      LHRF in the release of LH in the follicular (P smaller than 0.05), preovulatory
      (P smaller than 0.01), and luteal phases (P smaller than 0.05). In contrast, no
      statistical significance in the magnitude of FSH response was demonstrated in any
      phase of the menstrual cycle. The serum LH and FSH response to the nonapeptide
      amide suggested a longer physiologic half-life of the new LHRF analog. The
      results are similar to a previous report in men with normal gonadal function, and
      a clinical usefulness for the new analog is expected.

PMID- 1089929
TI  - Gonadotropin response to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone administration in
      secondary amenorrhea and galactorrhea syndromes.
AB  - Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), 100 mug, was administered to 60
      patients with secondary amenorrhea. No side effects or adverse reactions
      occurred. Delayed FSH and LH peak outputs were observed in patients receiving
      LHRH subcutaneously rather than intravenously, but responses were otherwise
      comparable. The majority of patients with secondary amenorrhea had responses
      which fell into the 95% confidence limits of responses for normal ovulating
      women. Responses of patients with different forms of dysfunction may be similar,
      and patients with similar pathology may respond quite differently. The LHRH
      stimulation test may assist in the diagnosis of particular hypothalamic,
      pituitary, or gonadal dysfunction, but it must be used clinically in the context
      of a carefully integrated study.

PMID- 1089931
TI  - Industrial diseases and the industrial nurse.

PMID- 1089932
TI  - Proplast in dental facial reconstruction.
AB  - Successful clinical applications since early 1970 have occurred with the use of
      temporomandibular condylar prosthesis and endosseous blade-vent implants coated
      with porous proplast. Proplast as a bulk material has also been used to augment
      atropic mandibular alveolar ridges and deficient facial contours in the mental,
      mandibular border, and zygomatic areas.

PMID- 1089933
TI  - Degenerative spondylolisthesis.

PMID- 1089934
TI  - [From the history of medical fees].

PMID- 1089935
TI  - [Samuel Benko].

PMID- 1089936
TI  - [20th aniversary of the death of Zoltan bokay, professor of pediatrics (1885
      1955)].

PMID- 1089937
TI  - [Zsigmond Jakabhazy, 1867-1945].

PMID- 1089938
TI  - [Complications following cesarean sections, using flax suture material for single
      layer closure of the myometrium incision].

PMID- 1089939
TI  - [The history of urology in Hungary].

PMID- 1089940
TI  - [Turning-point in the diagnosis of syphilis].

PMID- 1089941
TI  - [Jean Louis Prevost].

PMID- 1089942
TI  - [Gyula Regoly-Merei (1908-1974)].

PMID- 1089943
TI  - [Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) respiration in the therapy of newborn
      infants with diaphragm anomalies].

PMID- 1089944
TI  - [Experience with the detection of hepatitis B in the active epidemiological
      surveillance at a department of hemodialysis and kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1089945
TI  - [Miguel Serveto].

PMID- 1089946
TI  - [John Hughes Bennett (1812-1875)].

PMID- 1089947
TI  - [Istvan Sass, schoolmate and physician-friend of Petofi].

PMID- 1089948
TI  - [Anniversary of the Andras Josa County Hospital].

PMID- 1089949
TI  - [The state of knowledge of the class of trematodes and the chief problems in
      studying them].
AB  - The paper deals with the current state of knowledge of Trematoda, trends and aims
      of further investigations. Up to now the classification system of trematodes has
      been unsatisfactory though for several large groups it is elaborated with due
      regard to the biology and ecology of these worms. The main deficiency of the
      present-day taxonomy of trematodes consists in the existence of two separate
      classifications, for adult worms and for their larvae (cercariae). Among the
      existing systems the classification suggested by Odening (1960-1963) is of the
      greatest interest. We do not agree with his division of the class into three
      subclasses (including Aspidogastrea) and Diginea into two subclasses,
      "Sporocystoinei" and "Redioinei", but follow the composition of orders
      established by him. Great difficulties arise in establishing the characters,
      taxonomic criteria of trematodes. However, a number of characters can be
      suggested for differentiation of species and genera at various developmental
      stages. Deficiency in the taxonomy of these worms is due to a wrong evaluation of
      their characters and to the lack of common collection and treatment techniques.
      On describing species one should proceed, if possible, from the whole complex of
      morphological and biological peculiarities of different ontogenetic stages of the
      forms under study. A study of the ultrafine structure, hysto- and biochemistry of
      trematodes will enable us to associate better the morphology and the function of
      organs and to go deeper into the functional morphology and functional
      biochemistry. The main task of further investigations is closely connected with
      the elaboration of a natural system of Trematoda, a study of diverse and deep
      interrelations in the "parasite-host" system and with the development of
      scientific methods of control of pathogenic species on the biological basis.

PMID- 1089950
TI  - [Immune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of glomerulopathies in children].

PMID- 1089952
TI  - Creativity--evaluation of teacher effectiveness.

PMID- 1089951
TI  - Effect of various lysosomes and endotoxin on vascular permeability in frogs and
      mice.
AB  - Blood-lymph permeability increasing effects of frog liver lysosomes, Escherichia
      coli 0111 endotoxin, bradykinin and serotonin were demonstrated in frogs with a
      method developed by the authors. These actions were expressed in a faster dye
      saturation in the lymph as compared to that of the controls. 2. The method is
      based on the determinations of concentration of Evans blue transported as protein
      bound dye into the lymph. 3. Frog liver and polymorphonuclear leukocyte lysosomes
      had a capillary permeability increasing action tested by local skin response when
      injecting Evans blue intravenously in mice. 4. All these phenomena are similar to
      events described earlier in mammalian systems.

PMID- 1089953
TI  - Teaching with strategy.

PMID- 1089954
TI  - [Yersinia enterocolitica in goat--properties and diagnosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1089955
TI  - Associate degree nursing programs accredited by the National League for Nursing,
      1975.

PMID- 1089956
TI  - Nursing care study: Jakob-Creutzfeldt disease.

PMID- 1089957
TI  - History in the balance.

PMID- 1089958
TI  - Suture materials and their uses.

PMID- 1089960
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Czeslaw Sipowicz].

PMID- 1089959
TI  - [Treatment of osteoporosis with sodium fluoride].

PMID- 1089961
TI  - [Advances in endocrinology. Somatostatin. New hypothalamic hormone inhibiting the
      secretion of the growth hormone].

PMID- 1089962
TI  - [Some immunoallergic tests in patients with ulcerative colitis].

PMID- 1089963
TI  - [Mental aspects of allergic diseases].

PMID- 1089964
TI  - [Pathogenetic peculiarities of alimentary allergic diseases in children].

PMID- 1089965
TI  - [The allergic background of Chopin's illnesses (on the 125th anniversary of the
      composer's death)].

PMID- 1089966
TI  - [Sickle cell anemia--a world problem].

PMID- 1089967
TI  - [Franciszek Gluzinski (1822-1899) as physician, patriot and political insurgent].

PMID- 1089968
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Tadeusz Tempka (10/15/1885-3/14/1974)].

PMID- 1089969
TI  - [Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (author's transl)].

PMID- 1089970
TI  - Primary biliary cirrhosis in brothers.

PMID- 1089971
TI  - The response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in normal men.

PMID- 1089973
TI  - [The 50th anniversary of the founding of the Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae].

PMID- 1089974
TI  - Oral-pharyngeal development and evaluation.
AB  - The recognition and evaluation of deficits and abnormalities related to the
      development of feeding require comprehensive and systematic observation. This
      article describes both gross and fine motor coordination, as well as primitive
      reflexive movement, which influence eating. Oral-pharyngeal reflexes, the
      function of the tongue, oral hygiene, and the condition of the teeth are
      described relative to their influence on the feeding process. The development of
      eating behaviors of children are briefly outlined.

PMID- 1089975
TI  - Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.
AB  - The incidence, pathology, etiology, clinical characteristics, differential
      diagnosis, and treatment of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease are reviewed. Physical
      therapy and follow-up care are discussed, with emphasis on the relationship
      between orthopedic and physical therapy services.

PMID- 1089972
TI  - Prostaglandins in reproductive physiology.

PMID- 1089976
TI  - The versatile mammaplasty pattern of Wise.

PMID- 1089977
TI  - Robert Henry Ivy, M.D. 1881-1974.

PMID- 1089979
TI  - One-stage correction of the pendulous flap.

PMID- 1089978
TI  - The current use of prophylactic antibiotics in plastic and reconstructive
      surgery.
AB  - A questionnaire distributed to plastic surgeons to determine their patterns of
      usage of systemic prophylactic antibacterial agents was answered by 1,025
      respondents (73.7 percent). The patterns of usage among the respondents were
      determined for 29 circumstances and operations for the time of administration,
      and as influenced by 11 modifying factors. The data present the patterns of
      antibacterial use by plastic surgeons at this time.

PMID- 1089980
TI  - Transfer of a free groin flap to the heel by microvascular anastomoses.

PMID- 1089981
TI  - Surgical problems in the excision and repair of radiated tissue.
AB  - Surgical procedures for tissues damaged by radiation are fraught with the
      possibility of multiple and serious complications. A knowledge of the altered
      pathophysiology of such tissues (chiefly diminished blood supply, fibrosis, and
      direct cellular reparative potential) is necessary for the surgeon to make a
      proper judgment. Recognition of the pathognomic signs in the skin is important.
      The possibility of malignant change must be kept in mind. Surgical treatment must
      include the excision of radiated tissues back to good blood supply, and then
      proper and adequate coverage by the simplest and best means. If the surrounding
      local tissues are so altered that they are unsuitable for coverage, structures
      from a distance must be used. Prior planning of the coverage before the excision
      pays dividends by preventing disastrous complications.

PMID- 1089982
TI  - The surgical treatment of exophthalmos. A review.

PMID- 1089983
TI  - Skin graft survival on avascular defects.
AB  - Full-thickness skin grafts placed on bare rabbit ear cartilage were
      revascularized, whereas split-skin grafts on the same kinds of areas failed. The
      contrast is most likely due to differences in the skin graft thickness and the
      vascular patterns in the grafts. Full-thickness rat skin grafts placed over the
      same sized underlying silicone sheet implants did not survive. When the graft was
      made 3 mm larger on all sides than the implant, all or a portion of the graft
      over the implant survived. Quantitation of the area of graft survival is
      presented. Prepared grafts (replaced on their donor areas for 48 hours) on
      prepared beds and fresh grafts on prepared beds had slightly larger areas of
      graft surviving over an avascular defect. On the basis of this investigation, we
      suggest that a full-thickness skin graft placed on a prepared peripheral bed may
      make possible the greatest area of bridging over an avascular defect.

PMID- 1089984
TI  - Marked prolongation of skin homograft survival with niridazole. A first report.
AB  - Niridazole, a nitroheterocyclic drug used to treat helminth infections is
      reported for the first time to suppress cell-mediated immunity, as ascertained by
      multiple in vivo assays. Skin homograft survival time was significantly prolonged
      in mice, without loss of animals due to drug toxicity.

PMID- 1089985
TI  - Facilitating suture removal in children.

PMID- 1089986
TI  - Rene A. Spitz, M.D.

PMID- 1089987
TI  - The chemical control of preoperative anxiety.

PMID- 1089988
TI  - Irradiation of Serratia marcescens by single and double pulses of high-intensity
      electrons: oxygen diffusion kinetics and lifetime of oxygen-sensitive species.

PMID- 1089989
TI  - Frederick Stohlman, Jr. (1926-1974).

PMID- 1089990
TI  - Leonidas D. Marinelli (1906-1974).

PMID- 1089991
TI  - Natural history of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1089992
TI  - Radioactive tracers in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1089994
TI  - [Heredity of collagen metabolism dysfunctions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1089993
TI  - Echocardiography in valvular heart disease.
AB  - Echocardiography is a useful new technique that allows for the diagnosis and
      assessment of the severity of various forms of valvular heart disease. It is a
      safe and noninvasive procedure that can readily be used on the critically ill as
      well as the ambulatory patient. Since the examination can be easily repeated,
      echocardiography can be used to study a patient over an extended period of time
      to follow the severity of the disease. With proper care and experience in the
      performance and interpretation, the cardiologist can derive much useful
      information to aid in the initial evaluation and long-term follow-up of patients
      with various forms of valvular disease. With improvements in instrumentation and
      the use of newer techniques, the usefulness of ultrasound will be further
      enhanced.

PMID- 1089995
TI  - [Role of glucose and free fatty acids in myocardial metabolism under
      physiological conditions and in anoxia (author's transl)].

PMID- 1089996
TI  - [Infection hazards in the hospital. II. Hygienic measures in the surgical field].

PMID- 1089997
TI  - Stereology: methods for quantitative light and electron microscopy.
AB  - There are available to the biologist sophisticated methods for the quantitative
      determination of many structural parameters of tissues; the methds are covered by
      the term stereology and are based on statistical sampling techniques introduced
      by geologists and materials scientists. Methods for determining the volume
      fractions of various compartments within a cell or tissue are presented, together
      with methods for determination of surface area, surface-to-volume ratio, and
      particle size and size distribution. The problems involved in applying these
      methods to tissue sections are discussed, together with the problems arising from
      anisotropy within the tissues. Sampling methods and test systems in common use
      are described and discussed in relation to available counting and recording
      systems, and the potentialities of automatic image analysing equipment in this
      field are assessed. A discussion of shape recognition follows, with a survey of
      recent stereological work.

PMID- 1089998
TI  - The perception of speech signals.
AB  - A brief outline of the mechanism of speech production is given. It is shown that
      the motion of the articulators is encoded in changes in the spectra of speech
      waveforms. Parameters derived from these spectra form the basis of a method of
      speech synthesis. The perception of speech is seen as a decoding of the acoustic
      features of the speech wave. The organs of the hearing system which are involved
      in this process are briefly described. An attempt is made to relate the results
      of auditory psychophysics to the physiology of the hearing mechanism. The
      acoustic features which are relevant for the perception of the various classes of
      speech sounds are described. These have mostly been obtained by experiments
      involving synthesized speech. Finally the results of some experiments in dichotic
      listening are presented which emphasize the differences in the perception of
      speech and other sounds.

PMID- 1089999
TI  - Glucagon: role in the hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Glucagon suppression by somatostatin reduces or abolishes hyperglycemia in dogs
      made insulin-deficient by somatostatin, alloxan, or total pancreatectomy. This
      suggests that the development of severe diabetic hyperglycemia requires the
      presence of glucagon, whether secreted by pancreatic or newly identified
      gastrointestinal A cells, as well as a lack of insulin. Glucagon suppression
      could improve therapeutic glucoregulation in diabetes.

PMID- 1090000
TI  - The limitation of human population: a natural history.

PMID- 1090001
TI  - Ventral medial hypothalamus: involvement in hypoglycemic convulsions.
AB  - After the ventral medial hypothalamus of mice was lesioned with gold thioglucose,
      the dose of insulin required to produce convulsions in 50 percent of the animals
      was doubled compared to that in nonlesionad controls. No dose of insulin, up to
      50 milliunits per gram, produced convulsions in more than 60 percent of the
      lesioned mice, even though blood glucose levels fell to approximately 24
      milligram percent.

PMID- 1090002
TI  - Homologous cysteine-containing sequences in tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetases from
      Escherichia coli and human placentas.

PMID- 1090003
TI  - William D. McElroy, president-elect.

PMID- 1090004
TI  - Autopsy of an Egyptian mummy.

PMID- 1090005
TI  - Evolution at two levels in humans and chimpanzees.

PMID- 1090006
TI  - Yeast chromatin subunit structure.
AB  - Micrococcal nuclease digestion of in situ (intranuclear) and in vitro yeast
      chromatin produces distributions of DNA molecules of discrete sizes. In both
      cases, these molecules appear to be integral multiples of the smallest size on
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. This result implies a widespread generic
      occurrence of the periodic organization of chromatin seen in mammalian systems.

PMID- 1090007
TI  - The problem of the origin of fibroblasts in the postnatal ontogenesis of mammals.
AB  - An analysis is made of the author's data and the literature information on the
      origin and patterns of differentiation of the fibroblasts of connective tissue
      during the postnatal ontogenesis of mammals. The hypothesis of the existence of
      two types of collagen-producing cells (fibroblasts) - protective-trophic (short
      lived population) and supporting (long-lived population) - is substantiated.
      Hypotheses are advanced on the biological role of these types of fibroblasts and
      their origin in phylogenesis.

PMID- 1090008
TI  - The possibility of using cytogenetic methods in the investigation of the origin
      of fibroblast-like cells of a focus of inflammation.
AB  - An improved method of study of chromosome preparations of fibroblast-like cells
      of a focus of inflammation in mammals is described. The essence of the method
      consists of a supplementary brief culturing in vitro of cells of a focus of
      inflammation at its proliferative phase.

PMID- 1090009
TI  - [Surgical treatment of bronchial asthma (review of the literature) ].

PMID- 1090010
TI  - History of mental health services in South Africa. Part VI. The Transvaal.
AB  - Weskoppies Hospital began life in 1892 under the South African Republic. The
      clinical head of this hospital is now the Professor of Psychiatry of Pretoria
      University, and it has close links with the H. F. Verwoerd Hospital. Sterkfontein
      Hospital was opened in 1943, and admits most of its patients from Johannesburg.
      It has now been placed under the clinical control of the Professor of Psychiatry
      of the University of the Witwatersrand, and is thus linked with the psychiatric
      departments of the Johannesburg General and Tara Hospitals.

PMID- 1090011
TI  - In memorian: Mayer Solomon Ofsowitz.

PMID- 1090012
TI  - Editorial: Eugene Nielen Marais.

PMID- 1090013
TI  - A therapeutic response to a single diagnostic dose of luteinising hormone
      releasing hormone.
AB  - Luteinising hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) administration is a useful
      provocative test for the evaluation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
      Seven cases with oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea are reported, in which a single
      diagnostic injection of LH-RH produced an apparent therapeutic response. Six
      patients converted to a regular normal menstrual cycle, and 4 of these had
      evidence of ovulation. The seventh patient conceived. It is postulated that in
      some cases of hypothalamic menstrual dysfunction the gonadotrophic imbalance may
      be corrected by a single intravenous dose of LH-RH.

PMID- 1090014
TI  - Influence of tetrahydro-aminacrine on muscle pains after suxamethonium.
AB  - The incidence and severity of muscle pains were investigated in patients who had
      been given suxamethonium and thiopentone anesthesia for bronchoscopy. Group I
      patients received no other drugs. Groups II and III received d-tubocurarine and
      THA respectively before suxamethonium. Administration of these drugs resulted in
      a highly significant reduction in the incidence of severe and moderate pains. The
      use of d-tubocurarine necessitated a significantly greater amount of
      suxamethonium to maintain paralysis.

PMID- 1090015
TI  - The present status of heart transplantation.
AB  - Heart transplantation still remains the only form of treatment for patients
      suffering from terminal heart failure as the result of diffuse myocardial
      disease. The lack of enthusiasm for this operation has no scientific or moral
      basis. Our own limited experience and the much wider experience of other workers
      in this field show that with proper patient and donor selection and careful
      postoperative management, the results of this operation compare very favourably
      with those of any transplantation of other organs and in the surgical treatment
      of other types of terminal diseases.

PMID- 1090016
TI  - Left ventricular bypass.
AB  - The removal of the patient's own diseased heart in order to perform a total
      cardiac transplantation has several disadvantages. A new technique for bypassing
      the patient's diseased left ventricle by using a cardiac allograft has been
      developed in our laboratory and applied clinically in 2 patients. This technique
      carried no direct surgical mortality, and no complications resulting from the
      patient's own heart being left in situ have been observed thus far. The presence
      of a second heart lying partly in the anterior mediastinum and partly in the
      right pleural space appeared to have no deleterious effects. Several advantages
      over the conventional transplant have been noted and are discussed.

PMID- 1090017
TI  - History of the mental health services in South Africa. Part V. Natal.
AB  - The early history of psychiatry in Natal is the history of Town Hill Hospital. A
      second hospital was opened at Fort Napier in 1927. They have, for clinical
      purposes, now been placed under the control of the Professor of Psychiatry at the
      medical school of Natal University, and it is planned to merge them into a single
      hospital.

PMID- 1090018
TI  - Septic complications following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
AB  - In four patients, septic complications developed following endoscopic retrograde
      cholangiopancreatography which required surgical intervention. The pathogenesis
      involves stasis in the pancreatic or biliary tree, but the source of infection is
      unclear. Prompt recognition and early surgical intervention should decrease the
      seriousness of these complications.

PMID- 1090020
TI  - Subpopulations of thymus dependent and thymus independent lymphocytes in human
      gut associated lymphoid tissues.
AB  - Human gut associated lymphoid tissues were studied in terms of the presence of
      subpopulations of thymus dependent and thymus independent lymphocytes. Both
      thymus dependent and thymus independent lymphocytes were present in substantial
      numbers, as judged from their ability to form spontaneous and complement mediated
      rosettes with sheep red blood cells and the presence of surface bound
      immunoglobulins. The relationship between this finding and the question of what
      is the lymphoid organ which may be the human equivalent of the avian bursa is
      discussed.

PMID- 1090019
TI  - Cholecystokinin cholangiography and analysis of duodenal bile in the
      investigation of pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen without
      gallstones.
AB  - Thirty-one patients with recurrent symptoms of the biliary tract and repeated
      normal oral cholecystograms were studied by a combination of cholecystokinin
      cholangiography and biliary drainage. Ten patients had reduplication of their
      symptons because of dyskinetic contractions or obstruction of the cystic duct,
      and seven patients had delayed gallbladder emptying without pain due to
      hypokinetic contractions. Five patients had abnormal duodenal bile characterized
      by supersaturation and the presence of crystals or bacteria. Based upon these
      studies, 22 patients had cholecystectomy and 20 were cured, while two showed
      improvement. There were no therapeutic failures. Cholecystokinin cholangiography
      capably detects the presence of neuromuscular disease of the gallbladder wall,
      whereas the oral cholecystogram tests for mucosal function or the presence of
      filling defects. An additional group of patients who have cholesterosis,
      cholecystitis, or cholelithiasis missed by the oral cholecystogram will not be
      diagnosed by cholecystokinin cholangiography unless the duodenal bile is also
      examined.

PMID- 1090021
TI  - Technique for conversion of a loop colostomy to a diverting colostomy.

PMID- 1090022
TI  - Has medical history importance for surgeons?
AB  - Surgeons will do well to remember that the two most important contributions to
      the growth and extension of surgery came from two disciplines, not then regarded
      as the most innovative. Anesthesia came from dentistry, the work primarily of
      W.T.G. Morton of Boston; prophylactic surgical antisepsis originated with the
      obstetrician Semmelweis, who developed a scheme of prophylactic chemical
      antisepsis that still remains the core of surgical antisepsis. In the mid 1880's,
      largely as a result of the work of Chamberland and others of the Pasteur school,
      surgeons in France and Germany substituted thermal for chemical antisepsis,
      whenever applicable. Whereas Lister's influence was tremendous in fostering
      acceptance of antisepsis by surgeons, by the end of his professorial career he
      had begun his capitulation to prophylactic antisepsis, which was complete by 1896
      to the very practices that Semmelweis had proved the value of almost five decades
      previously. These were 19th century innovations. The greatest boon to surgery's
      advance in this century has been control of cellulitic infections through
      chemotherapeutic agencies, the sulfonamides and antibiotics. The tremendous
      upsurge of interest in research at the end of World War II brought surgeons to a
      fuller realization of the significant part they could play in the advance of
      their discipline. Intimate alignment of surgeons with physiologists of the
      circulation begot intracardiac surgery, a significant innovation with
      consequences of tremendous import for greater medicine's advance. Today, surgeons
      attacking the problem of tissue transplantation are aligning themselves with
      biochemists, geneticists, immunologists, experimental pathologists, and
      pharmacologists in their broad approach to the phenomenon of allograft rejection.
      The great extension of vascular surgery since World War II has made jewelers of
      surgeons of small tubular structures. The technical phases of these demanding
      operative procedures have largely been overcome. Solution of the biologic
      rejection phenomenon is awaited eagerly by all investigators, a discovery that
      will greatly enhance predictable success of transfer of skin as well as of
      organs. When will surgery experience another great catalytic forward thrust like
      that achieved through anesthesia, prophylactic antisepsis, and the antibiotics?
      No discipline in medicine can exist alone without privation. For its continuing
      advancement, surgery is dependent upon close and intimate relationships with many
      other medical disciplines. Apart from the enlightenment provided by a searching
      examination of the origins of our surgical discipline, the earnest and persistent
      pursuer will discover a lively pleasure and satisfaction that accrues as a
      special dividend.

PMID- 1090023
TI  - [Rector takes leave of her last class (Gunhild Aardal)].

PMID- 1090024
TI  - [Knowledge and co-responsibility at a higher level].

PMID- 1090025
TI  - [Karin Martinsen passed her Magister degree examination in philosophy and
      nursing].

PMID- 1090026
TI  - [In memoriam: Elisabeth Larsen].

PMID- 1090027
TI  - [In memoriam: Elisabeth Larsen].

PMID- 1090028
TI  - Three generations look at their profession.

PMID- 1090029
TI  - A glimpse into the past.

PMID- 1090030
TI  - [Development of therapeutics in Finland].

PMID- 1090031
TI  - The effect of major surgery, low doses of heparin and thromboembolism on plasma
      antithrombin. Comparison of immediate thrombin inhibiting capacity and the
      antithrombin III content.

PMID- 1090032
TI  - [Interview with Haakon Natvig; Professor Institute of Public Health, Oslo].

PMID- 1090033
TI  - [A little bit of history].

PMID- 1090034
TI  - Cryostat microtomy of lung tissue in an expanded state.
AB  - A technique is reported for cryostat sectioning of lung tissue in an expanded
      state for use in viral immunofluorescence studies. A 1:2 mixture of O.C.T.
      embedding compound and phosphate-buffered saline is injected intratracheally into
      fresh lung tissue. The lung tissue is frozen in liquid nitrogen and sectioned
      with a cryostat. Compared to other published reports of lung sectioning for
      immunofluorescence microscopy, this method has the advantages of being easy and
      quick, maintaining the lung sections in an expanded rather than collapsed state
      and avoiding contact with chemicals potentially capable of altering sensitive
      viral antigen.

PMID- 1090035
TI  - [Assessing the physico-mechanical and biological properties of silicone compounds
      for elastic lining of dental prosthesis bases].

PMID- 1090037
TI  - [Secondary sutures in the treatment of submandibular phlegmons].

PMID- 1090036
TI  - [Orthodontic treatment with of children with unilateral cleft palate before
      uranoplasty].

PMID- 1090038
TI  - [10-year experimence with the use of tourbine drilling machines with centralized
      air distributor].

PMID- 1090039
TI  - [Device for impression of dental prostheses].

PMID- 1090040
TI  - A comparison of three methods of initial presentation of instrument adaptation.

PMID- 1090041
TI  - [Differentiation of urinary bacteria in urological practice].
AB  - The value of a new differential diagnostic nutrient medium was tested on 360
      urines from urological patients. Simultaneously every urine specimen was examined
      according to classical bacteriological differential methods and colony counting.
      In 137 sterile urines there was agreement between the two methods in
      approximately 93%. On the basis of colony counting 96% of the 223 urinary tract
      infections could be diagnosed with the new test. Differentiation of the infecting
      organisms was possible in 71% of the infections.

PMID- 1090042
TI  - Renal artery aneurysm. Polyaneurysmal lesion of kidney.
AB  - A case of innumerable renal artery aneurysms of probable congenital origin is
      reported. No other lesion could be found in any other abdominal organ studied. We
      think it unique as no similar case could be found in the medical literature.
      Except for right flank malaise, the patient was otherwise asymptomatic. The
      radiologic diagnostic methods are discussed, stressing the differential diagnosis
      of calcifications in the area of the kidney. The management of renal aneurysms is
      discussed in regard to the nephrectomy.

PMID- 1090043
TI  - Scrotal pouch techniques. Adjunct to orchiopexy.
AB  - Following orchiopexy, contraction of dartos and cremaster muscles may pull the
      testis toward the external inguinal ring. Fibrous tissue deposition resulting
      from testis mobilization and cord skeletonization may bind the testis in an
      unfavorably high scrotal position. The "scrotal pouch technique," utilizing both
      a subcutaneous scrotal pocket for the testis external to the dartos layer and a
      gentle testis traction regimen, serves to diminish the chances of testis
      retraction after orchiopexy.

PMID- 1090044
TI  - Renal transplantation. Complications in patients with juvenile diabetes.
AB  - Four cases of patients with juvenile diabetes who received kidney transplants are
      reported. Problems with selection and management are discussed, and the high
      mortality and morbidity rates in this group of patients is emphasized.

PMID- 1090045
TI  - Renal transplantation. In adult patients with end stage polycystic kidney
      disease.
AB  - Seventeen adult patients with end stage polycystic kidney disease underwent renal
      transplantation. Two groups were identified: (1) those transplanted with retained
      polycystic kidneys, (2) those prepared with preliminary bilateral nephrectomy.
      Although there was a shockingly higher incidence in the mortality rate in the non
      nephrectomized group, no specific cause could be identified. The results do
      indicate, however, that bilateral nephrectomy is essential in all patients with a
      history of pyelonephritis or gross hematuria. Substantial benefit from retained
      kidneys was noted only during the initial period of hemodialysis.

PMID- 1090046
TI  - Calculi complicating renal transplantation into ileal conduits.
AB  - In 2 patients with renal transplants into ileal conduits renal calculi developed
      proximal to stenosis of the ureteral-ileal anastomosis, These are the only cases
      of urinary calculi in 600 consecutive transplants. The pathogenetic factors
      contributing to sepsis and stasis in such cases are reviewed and precautions
      suggested.

PMID- 1090047
TI  - Quantitative urine culture by reagent strip incubation.
AB  - The filter paper culture-tetrazolium test ressults have been compared with
      routine hospital streak plate cultures in 400 random urine specimens. Pseudomonas
      cultures tended to impart a color change to the test pads which rendered
      interpretation difficult. While a consistently accurate quantitative
      interpretation of these cultures did emerge during the course of the trial
      studies, some degree of observer accommodation and bias, in terms of the
      manufacturer's instructions and description, was necessary to achieve an
      appropriate reading. When the hospital laboratory results and culture strip test
      results are compared in terms of colony counts greater than 10-4 bacteria per
      milliliter and less than 10-4 bacteria per milliliter, the method was found to be
      93% sensitive for the total count and 83% sensitive for the gram-negative count
      with a specificity correlation of 96% for the total and gram-negative counts,
      respectively.

PMID- 1090048
TI  - Sexual function of males before and after renal transplantation.
AB  - In an attempt to define changes in sexual function before and after renal
      transplantation, a questionnaire was distributed to adult male patients with
      functioning kidney transplants. Significant changes in sexual performance were
      shown during the transition from the healthy state to end-stage renal failure
      and, finally, to the post-transplant state. Both potency and libido showed marked
      parallel impairment with the development of end-stage renal failure, followed by
      moderate recovery after renal transplantation. This study indicates that the
      majority of men with functioning kidneys can look forward to a return of sexual
      activity comparable to pre-illness level. However, sexual impairment may persist
      in some patients after transplantation, emphasizing the need for further
      evaluation in this group of patients.

PMID- 1090049
TI  - Urinary incontinence. Treatment with electrical stimulation of the pelvic floor.
AB  - Electrical pelvic floor stimulation may be administered either externally by the
      transrectal tampon or internally with the implantable pelvic floor stimulator.
      This treatment modality requires intact pelvic floor innervation and therefore is
      unsuccessful in patients with pelvic floor denervation. Pelvic floor stimulation
      has been successful in patients with stress and with congenital, iatrogenic, and
      postoperative urinary incontinence.

PMID- 1090050
TI  - Ureteral replacements.
AB  - The clinical necessities of replacing all or part of the diseased or destroyed
      ureter have plagued surgeons for many years. In the past seventy years more than
      100 surgical techniques have been described for ureteral replacement. Methods of
      replacement have fallen into four categories; nonbiologic substitutes, pedicle
      grafts, free grafts, and implantation and diversion. This review discusses the
      history and present status, and presents a look to the future in the surgery of
      ureteral replacement.

PMID- 1090051
TI  - Urinary tract calculi associated with enteritis and intestinal bypass.
AB  - There is a definite increased incidence of calculi associated with extensive
      small bowel disease or resection. Hyperoxaluria appears to play a major role and
      may be due to increased intestinal oxalate absorption. Forced fluids and dietary
      discretion are mainstays of stone prophylaxis.

PMID- 1090054
TI  - Dieulafoy's aspirator for suprapubic puncture.

PMID- 1090053
TI  - Urologic complications in renal transplantation.
AB  - Our ten-year experience with 141 kidney transplants is reported. Fifty per cent
      of the grafts are presently functioning, and 22 patients have been followed more
      than five years. A urologic complication rate of 13 per cent occurred, but 84 per
      cent of those patients retained their grafts. Only 1.3 per cent of patients with
      urologic complications died. Improved results can be achieved by good operative
      technique and aggressive management of complications.

PMID- 1090052
TI  - Live donor nephrectomy.
AB  - Donor nephrectomy was performed on 39 living related renal donors. The
      preoperative evaluation, surgical technique, and postoperative follow-up are
      presented. Major or minor complications developed in 23 per cent of the patients
      and included acute myocardial infarction, brachial plexus injury, acute
      glomerulonephritis, ileus, pneumonia, and urinary tract infection. All
      complications had resolved by six months postoperatively.

PMID- 1090055
TI  - Testicular lymphoma.
AB  - Testicular tumor in the sixty- to eighty-year age group is mostly lymphoma. It is
      usually a manifestation of a generalized lymphoma, even though it may appear
      localized. Prognosis is uniformly poor. A combined approach of radiation and
      chemotherapy gives the best results. Chemotherapy is used sequentially in
      multiple doses. Two cases are reported.

PMID- 1090056
TI  - Nephrogenic adenoma of bladder in immunosuppressed renal transplantation.
AB  - A case of nephrogenic adenoma is reported in an immunosuppressed renal transplant
      recipient. The nature of the lesion is discussed, and a possible relationship
      between benign tumors and impaired immunologic surveillance is considered.

PMID- 1090057
TI  - [Results of subscleral filtering iridectomy in primary glaucoma].

PMID- 1090058
TI  - [Autoallergic reactions in patients with glaucoma].

PMID- 1090060
TI  - [Technical comments on the operation of partial choroidectomy].

PMID- 1090059
TI  - [Specific immunosuppressive therapy after keratoplasty].

PMID- 1090061
TI  - [Use of prodigiozan in serosols after cryotonsillotomy].

PMID- 1090062
TI  - [Contribution of L. I. Sverzhevskii's school to the diagnosis, clinical picture,
      pathogenesis and prevention of ear diseases in typhoid].

PMID- 1090063
TI  - [Professor Andrei Gavrilovich Likhachev (on his 75th birthday)].

PMID- 1090064
TI  - Bacterial endotoxin and neonatal calf diarrhoea.

PMID- 1090065
TI  - The induction, persistence and loss of framycetin sulphate resistance in enteric
      E coli of pigs.
AB  - When framycetin sulphate was fed at prophylactic levels to pigs, resistance to
      this antibiotic was induced within days in the enteric E coli. The E coli of the
      gut did not become fully susceptible again until six to seven weeks after the
      anitbiotic was withdrawn from the diet.

PMID- 1090066
TI  - "Wet-tail" in the Syrian hamster: a form of colibacillosis.

PMID- 1090067
TI  - Neoformans infection in a cat.

PMID- 1090068
TI  - Behavior of castrated animals.

PMID- 1090069
TI  - Effects of domestication on animal behaviour.
AB  - Centuries of domestication of animals by civilised man have had many measurable
      effects on the various species involved, but only in relatively recent history
      has scientific curiosity been directed to assessing their extent. The process of
      domestication is analysed and its known effects on animals reviewed through
      observations of and experiments with various species of domesticated animals
      conducted by researchers into animal psychology and biology. The known facts on
      the effects of domestication in animals are extrapolated in an attempt to
      determine to what extent modern man himself has been domesticated in the urban
      environment.

PMID- 1090070
TI  - [Variability of bacterial virulence].

PMID- 1090071
TI  - The formation of polylysogens during infection of Escherichia coli with
      bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 1090072
TI  - Similarities between the DNA molecules of bacteriophages 424, lambda, and 21,
      determined by denaturation and electron microscopy.

PMID- 1090073
TI  - Phage modification of the capacity of gamma-irradiated Escherichia coli to
      support virus growth.

PMID- 1090074
TI  - Cleavage of T5 DNA by the Escherichia coli R-I restriction endonuclease.

PMID- 1090075
TI  - The role of gene Nu3 in bacteriophage lambda head morphogenesis.

PMID- 1090076
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Prof. Edgar Ninger (Nov 5, 1915)].

PMID- 1090077
TI  - [Popularizer, propagator of health education of the population and natural
      sciences].

PMID- 1090078
TI  - [Clearness of purpose].

PMID- 1090079
TI  - [Activity of the evacuation hospitals at the front rear during the Great
      Fatherland War].

PMID- 1090080
TI  - [Experience of antiepidemic support for a guerilla force during the years of the
      Great Fatherland War].

PMID- 1090081
TI  - [The clinical course and treatment of cholera in children (review of the foreign
      literature)].

PMID- 1090082
TI  - [Fenestrated skull in a newborn infant].

PMID- 1090083
TI  - [Ability of tumorous tissue to stimulate cell proliferation].

PMID- 1090084
TI  - [Interview with Professor A. A. Rusanov].

PMID- 1090085
TI  - [Experimental and clinical data on the antitumor action of hydrazine sulfate].

PMID- 1090086
TI  - [Carcinogenic activity of magnesia arfvedsonite (group of amphibole asbestos
      minerals) administered intrapleurally to nonbred rats].

PMID- 1090087
TI  - [Tumors of the soft tissues and internal organs in neptunium-237-induced
      lesions].

PMID- 1090088
TI  - [Effect of the transplantation of cryopreserved myeloid tissue on the blood
      content of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and serotonin in oncological patients with
      hematopoietic hyperplasia].

PMID- 1090089
TI  - Serological classification of anti-I sera.
AB  - Twelve anti-I sera were examined by means of broad panel of cells: OI, BI, OhI,
      Oicord, Oiadult, BI-F. Titration, fixation-elution, and haemagglutination
      inhibition tests, and comparison of agglutination of untreated and neuraminidase
      treated erythrocytes allowed to establish the specificity of the sera. For some
      sera the serological heterogeneity was revealed, which consisted in the following
      combinations of two or more kinds of specificity: anti-I-D plus anti-I-F, anti-I
      D plus anti-i, anti-I-D plus anti-I-S, anti-I-D plus anti-I-F plus anti-I-S.
      Methodical problems of classification of anti-I sera are discussed.

PMID- 1090090
TI  - Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in treating salt water near-drowning.

PMID- 1090091
TI  - Successful treatment of non-meningitic listerial brain abscess without operation.

PMID- 1090092
TI  - Myelomeningocele.

PMID- 1090093
TI  - [Axel Martin Frederik Munthe--physician and writer (1857-1949)].

PMID- 1090094
TI  - [Side effects following ingestion of non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents].

PMID- 1090095
TI  - [70 years of Austrian pharmacology].

PMID- 1090096
TI  - [The Sanabo company in the March of time].

PMID- 1090097
TI  - Hans Schaefer's asystole: two case reports.
AB  - Two cases of myocardial infarction are reported with transient (case 1) or
      permanent (Case 2) recovery of an R wave in anterior chest leads in the acute
      epsiode. This observation confirms H. Schaefer's hypothesis of asystole of the
      affected area, i.e. electrical inexcitability without necrosis. This phase
      precedes necrosis in any acute infarction; in the large majority of cases,
      myocardial infarction ultimately develops; therefore, demonstration in a clinical
      follow-up is quite rare.

PMID- 1090098
TI  - [Availability of cryo-solutions for use in a thermodilution method].
AB  - A simple device was developed allowing the storage of cooled injectate at
      constant temperature. Cardiac output determinations by the thermodilution
      technique are simplified considerably.

PMID- 1090099
TI  - LH and FSH in serum after intramuscular administration of LH/FSH-releasing
      hormone in normal and hypogonadal men.
AB  - The increase in serum concentrations of LH and FSH after intramuscular
      administration of LH/FSH-RH was investigated in normal and hypogonadotrophic
      hypogonadal males. LH and FSH were measured by specific radio-immunoassays. To
      evaluate the appropriate dose of LH/FSH-RH for intramuscular administration
      different doses were administered and with 200 mu g an increase in LH and FSH was
      found comparable to the results obtained by other investigators using intravenous
      administration. After the initial studies a simple test including two
      determinations before LH/FSH-RH administration and one 60 min and 120 min after
      administration was developed and used in all cases. In 12 normal males a
      significant increase in the serum concentration of both LH and FSH was found
      averaging 381% and 148% respectively 60 min after 200 mu g LH/FSH-RH with a
      slight decrease in LH but not in FSH after 120 min. A positive response similar
      to that in normal men was observed in 11 hypogonadotrophic hypogonadal patients
      presenting different clinical pictures. This indicates that in all these patients
      the hypogonadotrophic state was due to a hypothalamic defect and not to a
      hypophyseal disorder.

PMID- 1090100
TI  - Hypothalamic-pituitary function in anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Hypothalamic-pituitary function was studied in 4 patients with anorexia nervosa
      of different degree of severity before and after refeeding. Gonadotrophin
      secretion was low in all subjects and improved in two after a prolonged period of
      feeding. In one subject there was a failure of pituitary gonadotrophin secretion
      after the administration of hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone but the
      response was restored to normal after treatment. Thyroid function was reduced in
      one patient only but returned to normal after intravenous therapy for 6 days.
      Growth hormone and cortisol levels were elevated in all patients, and in one
      severe case the growth hormone values were extremely high. There was also a
      disturbance of the hypothalamic control of growth hormone and pituitary-adrenal
      function, which returned to normal after refeeding. One patient with severe
      hypothermia was resistant to the administration of a pyrogen, but developed a
      normal febrile response after treatment.

PMID- 1090101
TI  - Further studies on the nature of the immunoreactive luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LH-RH)-like peptide in human urine.
AB  - The chemical nature of the immunoreactive LH-RH-like peptide found in human urine
      has been investigated using ion-exchange chromatography on carboxymethyl (CM)
      cellulose and a radioimmunoassay for LH-RH. A single immunoreactive substance was
      found in urine after LH-RH administration and in urine samples from untreated
      subjects. This substance did not have the mobility of either the synthetic
      decapeptide nor the 3-10 octapeptide on CM-cellulose and the evidence suggests
      that it may be the 2-10 nonapeptide of LH-RH.

PMID- 1090102
TI  - The postnatal occurrence of biogenic monoamines in pancreatic islets of golden
      hamsters.
AB  - Fluorescence histochemical studies in newborn and young golden hamster have
      revealed that some cells in the islets of Langerhans contain monoamine. These
      cells can be seen in newborns and up to ten day old animals, at least in three to
      five days old animals in the amine behaves like dopamine and is mostly stored in
      the A2-cells.

PMID- 1090103
TI  - A double-blind trial with baclofen (Lioresal) and diazepam in spasticity due to
      multiple sclerosis.
AB  - In 17 in-patients suffering from spasticity due to multiple sclerosis, the effect
      and tolerability periods were 4 weeks each. As to efficacy, the variables:
      spasticity, clonus, flexor spasms, gait and bladder function were evaluated
      clinically. No significant difference was found between the two drugs. As far as
      side-effects are concerned, sedation was specifically inquired about. Apart from
      that, spontaneoulsy reported side-effects were recorded. Sedation was more often
      seen during treatment with diazepam, while the side-effects during baclofen
      treatment were more varied. The total number and severity of side-effects were
      equal in the two treatment groups. A preference for one of the two treatment
      periods was stated by the investigator before the code was broken. A significant
      difference (p less than 0.001) in favor of Lioresal was found. This is discussed
      in the light of the fact that no significant difference was found for the
      individual symptoms or side-effects.

PMID- 1090104
TI  - Aging and urinary oestrogen excretion in the male.

PMID- 1090105
TI  - Poul Braendstrup 25 years with Acta.

PMID- 1090106
TI  - Successfully treated pneumopericardium in a newborn infant during IPPV.
AB  - The successful treatment of pneumopericardium and cardiac tamponade in a newborn
      infant is presented in this case report. Alert recognition of this complication
      in newborn infants on intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) is of the
      utmost importance as prompt and adequate treatment is life-saving.

PMID- 1090107
TI  - Treatment of meningitis and septicemia in infancy with a
      sulphamethoxazole/trimethorpim combination.
AB  - Ten infants, 8 days to 10 months old, with meningitis and/or septicemia were
      considered therapeutic failures after conventional antibiotic treatment (i.e.
      kanamycin, ampicillin and sulfonamides) and given sulphamethoxazole and
      trimethoprim parenterally. Nine patients recovered, 8 of them rapidly, and one
      after prolonged treatment for 34 days when kanamycin was added to the
      combination. One infant improved but later died of complications not related to
      the treatment. High concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were achieved
      with a daily dose of 30-40 mg sulphamethoxazole and 6-8 mg trimethoprim per kg
      without signs of accumulation. No change in resistance of the bacteria isolated
      was seen. A hemolytic reaction, probably due to the propylene glycol in the
      solution, was seen in one case. Other possible side-effects in this age-group are
      discussed. The antibiotic combination used seems to be a good alternative in the
      therapy of bacterial meningitis of infants caused by gram-negative bacteria.
      However it should still not be given to icteric or very immature infants and
      probably not during the first week of life.

PMID- 1090108
TI  - Pulmonary mechanics in infants surviving severe neonatal respiratory
      insufficiency.
AB  - Pulmonary mechanics was studied in 24 survivors of severe neonatal ventilatory
      insufficiency, 15 infants had idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), 6
      recurrent severe apnoeic spells, and 3 postasphyxia syndrome. Of the infants with
      IRDS, 5 were treated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), 3
      with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) via an endotracheal tube and 7
      with CPAP applied via a face chamber. The other infants were all treated with
      IPPV. IPPV-treated infants generally had lower than expected values of dynamic
      compliance and pulmonary conductance, particularly after prolonged treatment. All
      infants treated with CPAP via a face chamber had normal mechanics, but a trend
      towards obstruction of the airways after varying periods of time was observed in
      most infants, irrespective of diagnosis or treatment. One infant treated with
      CPAP via an endotracheal tube and given pure oxygen for a long time had gross
      abnormalities suggesting bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Measurement of pulmonary
      conductance appears to be a reliable prognostic tool as concerns pulmonary
      symptoms later in infancy.

PMID- 1090109
TI  - The immune response to urinary tract infections in childhood. I. Serological
      diagnosis of primary symptomatic infection in girls by indirect hemagglutination.
AB  - Determination of antibodies to E. Coli O antigen by indirect hemagglutination for
      detection of acute pyelonephritis was investigated in sequences of sera from 94
      girls with their first known attack of symptomatic urinary tract infection. Using
      O antigen from the infecting bacterial strain or a standard strain increased
      antibody titres were found among pyelonephritis patients in 89% in unreduced sera
      (mainly 19 S antibodies) and in 81% in reduced sera (mainly 7 S antibodies)
      compared to a control material of 643 healthy children. Significant changes of
      these antibody titres occurred in 74 and 39% respectively. Analysis of maximal
      titres as well as titre changes in both unreduced and reduced sera showed
      diagnostically significant changes in two or more of these four parameters in 89%
      of patients with pyelonephritis. In contrast one parameter with such changes was
      found among the cystitis patients in only 5%. Employing a pool of 8 common O
      antigens, increased antibody titres were detected in 76% of patients with
      pyelonephritis. A larger pool of 68 antigens was no better and had a low capacity
      to detect 7 S antibodies. Optimal time for blood sampling was 2 to 3 weeks after
      onset of symptoms.

PMID- 1090110
TI  - Ribonucleic acid synthesis after adsorption of the bacteriophage lambda on
      Escherichia coli minicells.
AB  - Lambda bacteriophage adsorbs on the chromosome-less small bodies (minicells)
      produced by aberrant cell division of Escherichia coli P678-54. The plasmid-less
      minicells, as well as the minicells harbouring the colicinogenic factor E1,
      reveal a considerable inhibition of total RNA synthesis after phage adsorption.
      Both kinds of minicells synthesize RNA hybridizable to lambda DNA, but in the
      plasmid-harbouring minicells lambda RNA synthesis is much more intensive.

PMID- 1090111
TI  - A search for Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants with an increased sensitivity to
      nitrous acid.
AB  - Six strains with an increased nitrous acid sensitivity were isolated (Fig. 1).
      The putative HNO2-sensitive mutants, as well as the parental strain 55R5 behaved
      abnormally in crosses, so that studies on the segregation of the sensitivity were
      difficult and unreliable. During 1.5 years the oversensitivity of the mutants
      gradually decreased to disappear completely (Tab. V). The differences in HNO2
      sensitivity between respiratory-sufficient and cytoplasmic respiratory-deficient
      strains (Tab. I), as well as between different respiratory-sufficient strains
      (Tab. II-IV) are analysed.

PMID- 1090112
TI  - Observations on the serologic changes in the recombinants in Shigella flexneri
      Serotype 4a.
AB  - Studies on the antigenic composition of 84 diagnostic strains of S. flexneri
      serotype 4a and their Lac+ recombinants from a cross with E. coli HfrC were
      carried out. Considerable differentiation of agglutination reaction was found
      both in original material and in recombinants. An interesting group included
      recombinants which completely lost their capability to agglutinate with sera
      specific for type and group antigens and preserved only the capability to
      agglutinate in the polyvalent serum of S. flexneri subgroup. One of them
      (recombinant 140 Lac+) had been subject to detailed serological analysis and was
      shown to acquire as a result of recombination a new antigen appearing neither in
      any flexneri subgroup serotype, nor in dysenteriae and boydii subgroups. This
      antigen is of thermostable character.

PMID- 1090113
TI  - Effects of disintegration of incorporated 35S on mutation frequency.
AB  - The reverse mutation to the wild type of lambda sus 9 and T4 AM B17
      bacteriophages, grown in bacteria prelabeled with 35S and stored at--196 degrees,
      was studied. No mutagenic effect of 35S was observed in both, lambda and T4
      bacteriophages. It is suggested that there is no influence of 35S disintegrations
      on the properties of DNA polymerase to which the mutagenic activity could be
      attributed.

PMID- 1090114
TI  - Comparison of the mutagenic effects of 35S decay in Escherichia coli strains WP-2
      and WP-2S.
AB  - Comparison was made of the lethal and mutagenic efficiency of 35S yields 35Cl
      transmutation of incorporated 35S in cells of Escherichia coli strain WP-2 and WP
      2S (UV-sensitive). Bacteria were stored at minus 196 degrees. 35S yields 35Cl
      transmutation induced a higher lethal effect in strain WP-2 than in the UV
      sensitive strain WP-2S. Reversions try yields try+ were induced with an
      approximately similar efficiency in both strains compared.

PMID- 1090115
TI  - Predisposing factors in carcinoma of the colon.

PMID- 1090116
TI  - Intestinal gas.

PMID- 1090117
TI  - Nonrenal complications of long-term hemodialysis.

PMID- 1090118
TI  - Clinical complications of oral contraceptives.

PMID- 1090119
TI  - Glomerulonephropathy.

PMID- 1090120
TI  - Exercise training in the treatment of coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1090121
TI  - Familial hypercholesterolemia: genetic, biochemical and pathophysiologic
      considerations.

PMID- 1090122
TI  - The glucose tolerance test: a pitfall in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1090123
TI  - Diseases of disordered hemoglobin degradation.

PMID- 1090124
TI  - Preleukemia.

PMID- 1090125
TI  - Guidelines for fiberoptic examination in upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

PMID- 1090126
TI  - Gallstones: pathogenesis and medical treatment.

PMID- 1090127
TI  - Developmental dyslexia: neurological aspects.

PMID- 1090128
TI  - Treatment of acquired aphasia.

PMID- 1090129
TI  - Minor cerebral hemisphere.

PMID- 1090130
TI  - Total knee replacement--a review.

PMID- 1090131
TI  - A clinical study of insomnia.

PMID- 1090132
TI  - The supra-additive natriuretic effect addition of bendroflumethiazide and
      bumetanide in congestive heart failure. Permutation trial tests in patients in
      long-term treatment with bumetanide.
AB  - The additive natriuretic effect of a single dose of bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg.,
      has been studied in patients with advanced congestive heart failure in long-term
      treatment with bumetanide, 4 mg., daily. Three permutation trial tests were
      performed including six patients each. In the first trial, the response to
      supplementary bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg., was definitely superior to that of
      additional bumetanide, 4 mg., in terms of renal output of sodium, chloride,
      potassium, water, and osmolar clearance. In the second trial, a similar pattern
      was found in patients receiving a combination of bumetanide, 4 mg., and
      spironolactone, 100 mg., daily. The third trial compared the effects of
      bendroflumethiazide, 5 mg., plus bumetanide, 4 mg.; of bendroflumethiazide, 5
      mg.; and of bumetanide, 4 mg. In terms of natriuresis and chloruresis, the
      response to the combination of two drugs was significantly larger than the sum of
      the effects of other treatments. It is concluded that the combined effects of the
      drugs represent a supra-additive effect addition for sodium and chloride. A
      tentative explanation of the mechanism of interaction in terms of inhibition of
      renal tubular supplementary spironolactone, involve a tendency to development of
      hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and alkalosis, it is recommended that supplementary
      use of bendroflumethiazide in this setting is combined with the administration of
      potassium chloride or potassium-saving diuretics.

PMID- 1090134
TI  - The use of echocardiography to measure isometric contraction time.
AB  - The current methods for estimating isometric contraction time were discussed.
      Ultrasonically derived isometric contraction time, using external carotid pulse
      tracing, phonocardiogram, and the B-point of the mitral echogram was also
      measured. Recordings were performed in 10 normal subjects, and 15 patients.
      Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (5), congestive cardiomyopathy (6), and ischemic
      heart disease (4). In 11 patients, the results were correlated with the internal
      isometric contraction time. The ultrasound isometric contraction time showed good
      correlation with the internal isometric contraction time (r equals 0.92, P less
      than 0.01). The external isometric contraction time showed less correlation with
      the internal isometric contraction time and was significantly shorter (P less
      than 0.01). The ultrasound isometric contraction time showed a superior
      discriminating value to the external isometric contraction time for
      differentiation the normal subjects from the patients' group.

PMID- 1090133
TI  - Inotropic effects of tolbutamide in man.
AB  - The hemodynamic responses of normal subjects to intravenous injections of
      tolbutamide, 250 mg., and 1,000 mg., were assessed by measurements of serial
      systolic time intervals. Analysis of results, compared to saline control,
      revealed evidence of minor inotropic effects during the period five to 10 minutes
      after infusion. Small but statistically significant (p less than 0.05) decreases
      in pre-ejection phase and electromechanical systole were noted. The time response
      of these changes did not correlate with dose of blood level of tolbutamide, and
      appeared to coincide with peak insulin levels. No inotropic or chronotropic
      effects were seen during the first four minutes after infusion, suggesting that
      the myocardial adenyl cyclase-stimulating properties of the drug, previously
      demonstrated in vitro, are not significant in intact man. The minor late
      inotropic effects are of doubtful clinical significance, and cannot be invoked to
      explain the reported increased cardiovascular mortality of patients treated with
      tolbutamide.

PMID- 1090135
TI  - Relationship of pulmonary artery diastolic and pulmonary artery wedge pressures
      in mitral stenosis.
AB  - Resting and exercise hemodynamic studies were performed in 22 patients with
      mitral stenosis (14 men and 19 women; average age, 25 years) in normal sinus
      rhythm with normal pulmonary vascular resistances. A normal pulmonary vascular
      resistance was assumed when the resting pressure gradient between the pulmonary
      artery diastolic and mean pulmonary artery wedge pressures was 5 mm. Hg or less.
      A satisfactory correlation existed between the pulmonary artery wedge and
      pulmonary artery diastolic pressures at rest (r equals 0.9017) and during
      exercise (r equals 0.8670). A method of predicting pulmonary artery wedge
      pressure from pulmonary artery diastolic pressure during exercise was formulated.
      The correlation between the predicted and measured exercise pulmonary artery
      wedge pressures was very close (r equals 0.9561). It is suggested that during
      exercise the pulmonary artery diastolic pressure can be modified as above and
      substituted for mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure if the resting gradient
      between pulmonary artery wedge and pulmonary artery diastolic pressure is known.

PMID- 1090136
TI  - Measurement of right ventricular volumes using 131I-MAA.
AB  - A method has been presented for determining the right ventricular residual ratio,
      that is, the ratio of the end-systolic volume to the end-diastolic volume during
      each cardiac cycle. 131I-MAA was injected as a bolus into the right ventricle,
      and the ratio of isotope remaining in the chamber during the succeeding cardiac
      cycles was determined with a collimated scintillation counter placed over the
      right ventricle. Since the counter detected the radioactivity from the entire
      right ventricular cavity, potential errors from incomplete mixing were minimized.
      The washout curve from the ventricle was distorted somewhat by the accumulation
      of isotope in intervening lung tissue. This distortion was eliminated by
      subtracting the build-up curve of radioactivity in the lung recorded
      simultaneously with a second scintillation counter positioned over the lateral
      chest wall. In 14 dogs anesthetized with chloralose, the right ventricular
      residual ratio was relatively constant at 40.4 plus or minus 3.1 per cent.
      Duplicate measurements differed by less than 3 per cent indicating the good
      reproducibility of the method. Right ventricular stroke volume was determined
      from cardiac output (dye dilution) and heart rate. With this and the
      simultaneously determined residual ratio (131I-MAA), end-diastolic volume could
      be calculated. Stroke volume and stroke work were highly correlated with end
      diastolic volume, in keeping with the Frank-Starling mechanism.

PMID- 1090137
TI  - Direct and reflex cardiac bradydysrhythmias from small vagal nerve stiumaltions.
AB  - Alterations in cardiac pacemaker location, its rate of discharge, and A-V
      conduction patterns were induced in anesthetized adult dogs by electrical
      stimulation of the thoracic vagi and their small cardiac branches before and
      after cervical vagotomy. Electrical activity from small, contiguous bipolar
      silver electrodes was amplified and recorded by an optical oscillograph. The
      electrodes were located over the SA node, the three internodal pathways, the left
      atrium, and ventricular epicardium. A hoffman-type plaque electrode was placed
      over the A-V node to record a His bundle electrogram simultaneously with a Lead
      II electrocardiogram. Electrical stimulation of the intact left recurrent
      laryngeal nerve and its cardiac branches before and after vagotomy induced both
      direct and reflex effects on SA nodal cycle length. Efferent dromotropic effects
      on the A-V node varied from first- to third-degree heart block during stimulation
      of individual left recurrent cardiac branches. Stimulation of the right recurrent
      cardiac nerve induced atrial bradycardia with heart block above the His bundle.
      Stimulation of individual right vagal branches near the heart induced
      bradycardia, cardiac asystole, shifts in atrial pacemaker location, or activation
      of His pacemakers. Establishment of the His rhythm probably indicates selective
      inhibition of supraventricular but not of the His bundle. Asystole and His
      rhythms induced during stimulation of the more caudal branches of the right
      cardiac vagal nerves were generally reflexly mediated and were abolished by
      cervical vagotomy.

PMID- 1090138
TI  - Electrophysiology and pharmacology of cardiac arrhythmias. IV. Cardiac
      antiarrhythmic and toxic effects of digitalis.

PMID- 1090139
TI  - Urokinase in thromboembolic disease: Pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1090140
TI  - Electrophysiology and pharmacology of cardiac arrhythmias. V. Cardiac
      antiarrhythmic effects of lidocaine.

PMID- 1090141
TI  - Myocardial imaging with indium- 113m- and technetium-99m-macroaggregated albumin.
      New procedure for identification of stress-induced regional ischemia.
AB  - Regional coronary blood flow distribution was studied by myocardial imaging after
      intracoronary injection of technetium-99m- and indium-113m-macroaggregated
      albumin at rest and during coronary hyperemia induced by intracoronary injection
      of Hypaque-M, 75 percent. The four- to five-fold increase in coronary flow after
      injection of radiographic contrast material was similar in magnitude to that
      occurring with maximal exercise stress. Experimentally, resting coronary blood
      flow and regional distribution of radioactive particles remains normal in spite
      of coronary stenosis of up to 85 percent. Less severe stenosis causes flow and
      distribution abnormalities only during periods of increased flow, and the degree
      of maldistribution is directly related to the physiologic severity of the
      stenosis. Of 49 patients with suspected coronary artery disease, 10 had no
      significant lesions by coronary arteriography and all had normal images at rest
      and during coronary hyperemia. Thirty-seven of 39 patients with significant
      obstructive coronary artery disease had abnormal images at rest or during
      contrast agent-induced hyperemia, or both. Patients with significant coronary
      artery disease without previous infarction usually demonstrated abnormalities in
      flow distribution only during coronary hyperemia. Patients with previous
      infarction demonstrated resting perfusion abnormalities that often became more
      abnormal during hyperemia. This technique provides a new method for assessing the
      physiologic effects of coronary stenosis in conjuntion with coronary
      arteriography.

PMID- 1090142
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of cardiac endothelium of the dog.
AB  - Tissue obtained from young dogs was fixed in buffered aldehydes by vascular
      perfusion or direct immersion. Selected hearts were maintained in modified
      mammalian Ringer's solution for three to five minutes prior to fixation. The
      chambers of the heart and related valves were exposed by dissection and prepared
      by routine techniques for observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
      Subsequent to SEM studies, selected specimens were embedded in Epon 812 and
      sectioned for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The cardiac endothelium,
      when fixed immediately in buffered aldehydes, presents an essentially invariable
      surface throughout the interior of the heart. The predominant nuclear bulges and
      attenuated peripheral plasmatemma are consistently smooth, with occasional
      marginal ruffles, scattered microvilli and small blebs. Apart from the higher
      population of nuclear bulges on valvular surfaces, local variations in SEM of
      endocardium occur in response to the various stages of systole and diastole
      encountered. These physiological changes do not produce microappendages.
      Immersion for three to five minutes in (Chenoweth's) Ringer's solution, prior to
      fixation, produces a substantial population of microappendages. The cellular
      surface acquires a swirled appearance erupting in microvilli, blebs and ruffles.
      These exhibit considerable pleomorphism. There is great lability of the
      endocardial surface in response to a classic "holding solution" widely used in
      preparatory techniques. In preparing soft tissues for SEM caution must be used if
      physiological "holding solutions" are used prior to fixation.

PMID- 1090143
TI  - Embedding brain specimens in transparent plastic.
AB  - A simple, reliable and practical technic for permanently embedding brain
      specimens in plastic is discussed. The anatomic details, including the natural
      colors, are so well preserved that they give a real picture of the morphologic
      details, such as preservation of anatomic landmarks and pathologic alterations.
      The specimen can be observed from different angles, enhancing the student's
      opportunity for visual examination. Clearing of the specimen with visualization
      of the vascular tree after injection with opaque dyes may be accomplished. The
      procedure is recommended for museums and laboratory teaching.

PMID- 1090144
TI  - IgD deposition in glomerulonephritis. An immunopathologic study.
AB  - Diffuse deposits of IgD were found in glomerular basement membranes in eight of
      263 consecutive renal biopsies by the direct immunofluorescent technic. In five
      biopsies a granular staining pattern was found and in three a linear pattern was
      found. IgG and beta1C were present in glomeruli of all eight patients, and IgM in
      four. Two patients had elevated titers of antithyroglobulin antibodies in the
      serum, and one patient had anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies of the
      IgG class in both serum and renal eluate. This study suggests that IgD may play a
      role in immunologically mediated glomerular disease. (Key words: IgD; Glomerular
      deposits; Nephritis.)

PMID- 1090145
TI  - Acute glomerulonephritis. Immunofluorescent and electron-microscopic observations
      in sporadic cases.
AB  - The authors studied by immunofluorescent and electron microscopy renal biopsy
      specimens from 29 patients with various glomerular diseases. Poststreptococcal
      glomerulonephritis was characterized by the presence of complement (beta1C) in
      the mesangium and/or on the basement membrane in all cases. Immunoglobulin G
      (IgG) was also present in less than half of the cases in the same distribution.
      Electron microscopy, carried out in six cases, revealed no uniform
      ultrastructural change: minimal subepi helial deposits were observed in three
      cases, intramembranous deposits were seen in two cases, and the basement membrane
      was normal in one case. Glomerular abnormalities during the courses of some
      systemic diseases were similar. Mild renal involvement was characterized by only
      beta1C deposition. This finding raises the question whether a mechanism other
      than or in addition to that involving immune complexes is operative in the
      pathogenesis of acute glomerulonephritis. There is circumstantial experimental
      evidence that an alternate pathway of complement activation and deposition may be
      operative in acute glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1090146
TI  - Immunofluorescence of soft-tissue tumors with anti-smooth-muscle and anti
      skeletal-muscle antibodies.
AB  - One hundred thirteen soft-tissue tumors were studied by immunofluorescence using
      anti-smooth-muscle (SMA) and anti-skeletal-muscle antibodies (MGA). Of the
      classic leiomyomas examined, 94% manifested bright fluorescence with SMA, whereas
      cellular leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas failed to stain. Of the rhabdomyosarcomas
      studied, 21% showed fluorescent cross-striations or fluorescent granules after
      incubation with MGA. None of 48 control tumors fluoresced with either antibody.
      No tumor vessel seen showed smooth-muscle fluorescence in its walls. Although of
      little diagnostic value, immunofluorescence utilizing specific human antibodies
      is a valuable tool with which to study some of the antigenic components of these
      neoplasms.

PMID- 1090147
TI  - Pulmonary granulomatous pneumocystosis following renal transplantation. Report of
      a case.
AB  - Pulmonary granulomas of sarcoid type in a patient who was on long-term
      immunosuppressive therapy following renal transplantation are described.
      Pneumocystis carinii was identified within the lesions. This is believed to be
      the first description of this type of reaction to Pneumocystis in the adult
      patient on immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 1090148
TI  - Selective hypogammaglobulinemia with persistence of IgE, malabsorption and a
      nutritionally dependent, reversible defect in cell-mediated immunity.
AB  - A 46 year old man presented with selective hypogammaglobulinemia, malabsorption
      and long-standing secondary malnutrition. Although the patient had essentially
      unmeasurable levels of immunoglobulins G (IgG), M (IgA), he had normal levels of
      immunoglobulin E (IgE). He was found to be anergic when tested for the delayed
      cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction. Evaluation of his cell-mediated immunity in
      vivo and in vitro suggested one discrete lesion, a defective production of the
      lymphocyte mediator macrophage migration inhibitory factor. With improved
      nutrition the patient "repaired" this defect in the "efferent" limb of cellular
      immunity and was no longer anergic.

PMID- 1090149
TI  - Renal biogenesis of erythropoietin.
AB  - The widespread and ever expanding use of dialysis in the maintenance of patients
      with chronic renal disease has added an urgency to the study of the biogenesis of
      erythropoietin. It seems almost certain that erythropoietin could ameliorate, if
      not eliminate, the anemia of uremia, but unfortunately, erythropoietin is still
      not available in therapeutic quantities. Initially, erythropietin was though to
      be produced by the kidneys" but then the attention became directed at the liver.
      It was proposed that erythropoietin was produced there as an inactive precursor
      and that the kidney only acted as an oxygen sensor and as a producer of an
      erythropoietin-activating enzyme. Recent studies summarized here show that an
      isolated perfused kidney in the absence of any extrarenal substrate or precursor
      can synthesize erythropoietin. Consequently, it appears almost certain that the
      kidney is the endocrine organ of origin of erythropoietin. Further studies
      suggest that erythropoietin formation involves a phase of oxygen sensing and
      programming and a phase of synthesis. These phases probably occur in the same
      cell, and the renal cortex appears to be the most likely location for such cells.
      The current inability to extract erythropoietin from kidney homogenates is
      discussed but, unfortunately, not adequately explained.

PMID- 1090150
TI  - Calcium metabolism in renal failure.
AB  - Osteodystrophy is almost universally present in chronic renal failure. Mild, but
      detectable, abnormalities--especially in parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion-
      occur even when the glomerular filtration rate is greater than 30 cc/min.
      Osteomalacia is common in areas in which vitamin D intake and exposure to
      sunlight are minimal; when these factors are plentiful, osteitis fibrosa
      predominates. Osteoporosis is seen with increasing frequency in hemodialyzed
      patients. Nonosseous complications of secondary hyper-parathyroidism include
      hypercalcemia, metastatic calcification and pruritus. The most important factor
      in the medical therapy of osteodystrophy is control of serum phosphate levels.
      Next, a positive calcium balance must be provided either by giving vitamin D as
      dihyrdotachysterol, raising dialysate calcium or administering calcium orally.
      Parathyroidectomy is sometimes indicated, especially when the patients are
      transplant candidates and manifest hypercalcemia. Whether or not transplant is
      contemplated, patients with persistently high calcium-phosphate products, severe
      metastatic calcification or rapidly progressive osteodystrophy should be
      considered for parathyroidectomy. Newer, experimental vitamin D preparations,
      such as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol or 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol, should
      improve the managemet of patients with renal osteodystrophy and decrease the need
      for parathyroidectomies.

PMID- 1090151
TI  - Renal handling of low molecular weight proteins.
AB  - The renal filtration, absorption and final disposal of lysozyme (lysozyme--mol wt
      14,000), insulin and growth hormone were studied to gain a better quantitative
      understanding of the fundamental variables involved in the renal handling of low
      molecular weight proteins. The glomerular barrier offers little hindrance to the
      filtration of lysozyme, the glomerular sieving coefficient being 0.8 plus or
      minus 0.1 (SD). The intrarenal route by which injected lysozyme accumulates in
      the kidney is via filtration and subsequent absorption (uptake) by renal tubular
      cells. Uptake or adsorption from the peritubular side is negligible compared to
      luminal uptake. Renal clearance and renal titration experiments in the intact dog
      and in the isolated perfused rat kidney showed that the lysozyme absorption
      process can be best characterized as high capacity, low affinity transport system
      which is directly or indirectly dependent on energy input. The final disposal of
      absorbed 125I-lysozyme, 125I-insulin and 125I-growth hormone was studied in the
      isolated perfused rat kidney by measuring the radioactivity by gel
      chromatography. The rate of release of radioactivity as well as its nature was
      dependent on the molecular species of the absorbed protein. The rate of release
      was higher for 125I-insulin and 125I-growth hormone and lower for 125I-lysozyme.
      Lysozyme absorbed from the luminal side was released to the perfusate both as
      intact protein molecules and as catabolic products, whereas absorbed 125I-insulin
      was almost entirely released to the perfusate as catabolic products. It is
      concluded that low molecular weight proteins are extensively filtered by the
      kidney, absorbed from the luminal side by renal tubular cells and released back
      to the circulation either as intact molecules or as catabolic products (amino
      acids and polypeptides). This process contributes in an important way to the
      plasma turn-over of low molecular weight proteins including peptides and proteins
      hormones.

PMID- 1090152
TI  - Growth in children with renal failure.
AB  - Chronic renal insufficiency in childhood is often associated with growth delay.
      Undernutrition, osteodystrophy and diminished somatomedin levels appear to be
      importantly related to this growth delay. In many but not all children with renal
      failure and growth retardation, somatomedin levels are diminished, growth hormone
      levels are normal or elevated, and glucose tolerance is often abnormal. Following
      renal transplantation, growth restoration appears to be related to bone age,
      renal function, somatomedin and steroid therapy.

PMID- 1090153
TI  - Clinical effects of bilateral nephrectomy.
AB  - The effects of removal of all renal tissue on hematopoiesis, osteodystrophy,
      blood pressure regulation and metabolic functions are reviewed; and, the
      indications for, and results of, bilateral nephrectomy are discussed. Nephrectomy
      results in a more severe anemia in dialysis patients which is poorly responsive
      to androgen therapy. No differences were detected in the severity of
      osteodystrophy between nephric and anephric patients. However, bilateral
      nephrectomy can occasionally result in the acute onset of hypocalcemia. Blood
      pressure regulation must be accomplished in the absence of a functioning renin
      angiotensin system. This is largely on the basis of volume, but changes in
      vascular tone may also be significant. Little is known about the metabolic
      consequences of nephrectomies. The effect on substances metabolized by the kidney
      is an area for further investigation. Kidney tissue should be preserved, if at
      all possible, and nephrectomy performed only for specific indications.

PMID- 1090154
TI  - On the passive back flow theory of actue renal failure.

PMID- 1090155
TI  - Hereditary complement (C2) deficiency with dermatomyositis.
AB  - A 60 year old white man in previous good health presented with a 6 month history
      of progressive muscle weakness. Clinical and laboratory findings were typical of
      dermatomyositis. Muscle biopsy confirmed the presence of inflammatory myopathy;
      deposits of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) or third component of
      complement (C3) were not detected by immunofluorescence. No evidence was found
      for an associated neoplasm. An unexpected finding was the total absence of serum
      hemolytic complement activity. Further investigation revealed that the complement
      defect was attributable to a selective and total absence of the second component
      of complement (C2), as determined by both functional and immunoprecipitin assays.
      Family studies indicated that the defect was inherited in an autosomal recessive
      manner, as has been observed in the previously reported C2-deficient kindreds.
      This case demonstrates that typical muscle lesions of dermatomyositis can occur
      in the presence of a complement defect which would preclude activation of the
      classic (C1-C4-C2) complement pathway. The case is of further interest as one of
      a series of recently reported associations of rheumatic diseases with hereditary
      complement deficiencies. Study of the functional properties of the propositus' C2
      deficient serum demonstrated normal generation of chemotactic activity in the
      presence of endotoxin or aggregated IgG, and normal or near normal bactericidal
      activity against Salmonella typhi O 901 and Hemophilus influenzae, type b. These
      findings emphasize the importance of the alternate (properdin) pathway of
      complement activiation in these functions.

PMID- 1090156
TI  - Patient bias, investigator bias and the double-masked procedure in clinical
      trials.

PMID- 1090157
TI  - Lymphocyte surface characteristics in malignant lymphoma.
AB  - The surface of lymphocytes obtained from fresh biopsy specimens from 41 patients
      with malignant lymphoma and from 30 normal subjects or patients with non
      neoplastic lymphadenopathy were investigated. Immunoglobulin on the cell surface
      was used to identify B cells, whereas T cells were recognized by their reactivity
      with an antithymocyte antiserum and their ability to form rosettes with sheep
      erythrocytes. Normal and inflammatory lymph nodes were composed predominantly of
      T lymphocytes, as were nodes from 14 patients with Hodgkin's disease. Two
      thymomas were T cell proliferations, whereas a node from a patient with ataxia
      telangiectasia was devoid of T lymphocytes. The presence of immunoglobulin on the
      cell surface indicated that 19 of 21 lymphocytic lymphomas were B cell
      proliferations, whereas the cells from 3 histiocytic lymphomas (reticulum cell
      sarcomas) and 1 mixed histiocytic and lymphocytic lymphoma were devoid of surface
      immunoglobulin. In immunoglobulin-positive tumors, one predominant heavy chain
      and one predominant light chain could usually be identified, thus establishing
      the clonal character of the neoplastic proliferation. Ten of 11 diffuse poorly
      differentiated lymphocytic lymphomas were composed of cells with large amounts of
      surface immunoglobulin, whereas only 1 of 5 diffuse well differentiated
      lymphocytic tumors contained such abundant surface immunoglobulin. The surface
      immunoglobulin data indicate the existence of at least two subspecies of B cell
      neoplasms. A small lymphocyte with sparse surface immunoglobulin proliferates as
      diffuse well differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia, whereas a larger lymphocyte with abundant surface immunoglobulin
      proliferates as diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma and
      lymphosarcoma cell leukemia.

PMID- 1090158
TI  - Hodgkin's disease and acute leukemia. Report of eight cases and review of the
      literature.
AB  - Eight cases of Hodgkin's disease and acute leukemia are reported. An additional
      74 cases of acute myelocytic leukemia or one of its variants, 11 cases of acute
      lymphocytic leukemia, 12 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia and 37 cases of
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia associated with Hodgkin's disease are reviewed from
      the literature. In 3 of the 82 patients with acute myelocytic leukemia and
      Hodgkin's disease, the two diseases occurred simultaneously. Of the remaining 79
      patients, 76 had received radiation therapy for their Hodgkin's disease and acute
      myelocytic leukemia had developed 1.2 to 19 years later (mean 6.5 years). Thirty
      four of these patients also received antineoplastic chemotherapy. Only three
      patients with Hodgkin's disease were treated with multiple chemotherapy alone; in
      these, Hodgkin's disease developed 1.2, 1.5 and 3.2 years later. In 4 of 11
      patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia and Hodgkin's disease, the two disorders
      occurred simultaneously. The other seven patients were all treated with radiation
      for their Hodgkin's disease, and acute lymphocytic leukemia developed 2 to 8
      years later (mean 4.5 years). Three of the 7 patients also received alkylating
      agents. It is concluded that the development of acute leukemia, mostly acute
      myelocytic leukemia but also acute lymphocytic leukemia, during the course of
      Hodgkin's disease, is most likely related to radiation therapy. There is as yet
      insufficient evidence to implicate intensive chemotherapy in the causation of
      acute leukemia since in only three patients with Hodgkin's disease treated with
      chemotherapy alone has the development of acute leukemia been reported. It is
      possible, however, that chemotherapy potentiates the effect of radiotherapy. 2t
      is also possible that acute leukemia is part of the natural history of Hodgkin's
      disease and is occurring with greater frequency because of improved survival in
      Hodgkin's disease since the introduction of better radiotherapeutic and
      chemotherapeutic treatment regimens.

PMID- 1090159
TI  - Clinical experience with transfusion of granulocytes obtained by continuous flow
      filtration leukopheresis.
AB  - Granulocytes obtained by continuous flow filtration leukopheresis (CFFL) were
      transfused to 21 patients on 131 occasions. An average of 28.2 times 10-9
      granulocytes were administered per transfusion. These cells were more than 90 per
      cent viable by dye exclusion, ingested latex particles normally and had almost
      normal bactericidal activity. Migration to skin windows was demonstrated on four
      of six attempts, but 51-Cr-labeling studies failed to show localization in
      infected areas on six occasions. Post-transfusion granulocyte count increments
      averaged 225/mul and were transient. Significant transfusion reactions occurred
      during 35 transfusions to 13 patients. Reactions occurred in some patients
      without demonstrable alloimmunization and after six infusions of HL-A identical
      or compatible cells. Definite clinical improvement was noted in three recipients.
      Stabilization of infection with patient survival occurred nine times, and
      progression of infection with death eight times. Granulocytes obtained by CFFL
      are viable and functional. Their transfusion is not without risk and must still
      be considered an investigative procedure of suggestive but as yet unproved
      clinical efficacy.

PMID- 1090161
TI  - Syndrome and pancreatic disease, subcutaneous fat necrosis and polyserositis.
      Case report and review of literature.
AB  - Immunologic evaluation of a patient with pancreatitis, subcutaneous fat necrosis,
      pleuritis, pericarditis and synovitis is presented. The previously recognized
      syndrome of pancreatic disease, subcutaneous fat necrosis and arthritis is
      reviewed. Based on analysis of all the cases described in the English language
      literature it is suggested that this syndrome be expanded to include
      polyserositis rather than arthritis alone. Although experimental and clinical
      evidence tends to implicate physiocochemical tissue injury by pancreatic lipase
      as the primary pathogenic mechanism in this syndrome, studies in our patient
      suggest the possible contribution of immune-mediated injury. Supporting data
      include eosinophilia, biopsy demonstration of vasculitis antedating the
      subcutaneous fat necrosis, immunofluorescent identification of immunoglobulin G
      (IgG) and C3 in the pleura, and reduced levels of total hemolytic complement in
      the serum, and pleural and pericardial effusions.

PMID- 1090160
TI  - Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia.
AB  - Drug administration causes from 16 to 18 per cent of cases of acquired immune
      hemolytic anemia. The pathogenesis of erythrocyte sensitization by drug-related
      antibody with or without fixation of complement is variable, and there is a
      relationship between the responsible drug, the mechanism of red cell
      sensitization, clinical manifestations and laboratory methods of diagnosis. Drugs
      such as phenacetin and quinidine form a complex with the antidrug antibody, and
      the immune complex attaches to red cells usually fixing complement and causing
      acute intravascular hemolysis. Other drugs (e.g., penicillins), when given in
      large doses, coat normal red cells in vivo and in some patients a high titer IgG
      anti-drug antibody develops which reacts with the coated cells. Hemolytic anemia
      may develop with red cell destruction being primarily extravascular.
      Cephalosporins cause positive direct antiglobulin tests in a small percentage of
      patients either by the same mechanism as penicillins or by modification of the
      red cell membrane leading to nonimmunologic absorption of serum proteins.
      Hemolytic anemia has been reported only rarely. A few drugs (notably alpha
      methyldopa) cause the development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Knowledge of
      clinical manifestations and laboratory aids to diagnosis is necessary to
      distinguish immunohematologic abnormalities caused by drugs from other causes.

PMID- 1090162
TI  - Perturbations of humoral and cellular immunity in a patient with pigmented
      villonodular synovitis.
AB  - Several parameters of the immune system have been studied in a patient with
      pigmented villonodular synovitis. Numerous immunoglobulin-synthesizing cells were
      found by immunofluorescent technics in both synovium and synovial fluid.
      Phytohemagglutinin-induced in vitro blastogenesis of peripheral blood T
      lymphocytes was absent whereas B-lymphocyte blastogenesis was preserved. These
      results indicate a necessity for evaluating immune responsiveness in other
      patients with pigmented villonodular synovitis.

PMID- 1090163
TI  - Determining antibiotic levels in the blood.
AB  - Methods for the rapid determination of antibiotic blood levels require particular
      organisms or special conditions or long incubation. A method was developed for
      the rapid determination of antibiotic blood levels which requires no special
      equipment and is rapid. Special stains are not required. Utilizing bacteria from
      standard Kirby-Bauer sensitivity plates, a suspension is prepared and a pour
      plate made. Organisms which are sensitive to the questioned antibiotic and
      resistant to other antibiotics the patient is receiving are chosen. Muller-Hinton
      is the best general agar. Wells are cut, and antibiotic standards, antibiotic
      controls, and the patient's serum introduced. Within three to four hours, zone
      sizes can be read and the antibiotic blood level calculated. The materials and
      technical facility required should not preclude any laboratory from successfully
      performing the method.

PMID- 1090164
TI  - Adaptive Behavior Scale as a screening measure for special-education placement.
AB  - The utiltiy of the Adaptive Behavior Scale in the special-education placement of
      126 institutionalized mentally retarded children and adolescents was examined. An
      investigation of relationships among Adaptive Behavior Scale (Part 1) scores,
      Wide Range Achievement Test scores, and IQ scores revealed a significant
      relationship between Adaptive Behavior Scale scores as well as between IQ scores
      and achievement test scores. Adaptive Behavior Scale and IQ were the most
      effective scores in providing significant discrimination between the special
      education training levels. Adaptive Behavior Scale subdomain percentage scores
      were discussed as criteria for a computer-assisted placement of mentally retarded
      students in a special-education program.

PMID- 1090165
TI  - Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in female sterility.
AB  - Cellular sensitization against spermatozoa as antigen was studied in 21 fertile
      and 41 infertile female subjects. In addition, 20 virgin girls and a group of 11
      women presenting positive spermagglutinating (in equal 8) and immobilizing (n
      equal 3) antibodies were investigated. Cellular sensitization was expressed in
      terms of macrophage migration inhibitory activity (MIF-reaction). For this
      screening program washed and pooled spermatozoa (WPS) and sonicated spermatozoa
      solutions (sss) were used as antigens. In 52 to 72 per cent of all cases,
      including primary and secondary sterility of unexplained cause, a positive MIF
      reaction was encountered. Women with humoral sperm antibodies always revealed a
      cellular sensitization. Only the group of virgin girls demonstrated in no case a
      positive MIF-reaction. The need for the identification of the specific fertility
      diminishing antigens is stressed as the results indicate a cellular sensitization
      in all cases that had sperm contact.

PMID- 1090166
TI  - In vitro biosynthesis of TSH- and LH-releasing factors by the human placenta.
AB  - Human chorionic membrane and human placental tissue contain substances with the
      same elution volume as hypothalamic TRF and LRF standards during separation by
      carboxyl-methyl-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. Homogenates prepared from
      fresh human placentas delivered at term caused release of TSH (thyroid
      stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone) when bioassayed in rats. After
      dialysis of placental homogentes, synthesis of biologically active TSH-and LH
      releasing factors can be shown to occur in vitro following the addition of
      appropriate precursor amino acids and cofactors.

PMID- 1090167
TI  - Oral contraceptives and vitamins: a review.
AB  - The literature concerning the influence of estrogen-containing oral
      contraceptives on vitamins is reviewed. The appearance of an elevated plasma
      concentration of vitamin A is probably without clinical importance, while there
      seems to be a clear connection between disturbances of vitamin B6 metabolism and
      mental symptoms. Low levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 have also been noted.
      Despite this, it is very rare that hematologic abnormalities develop during
      hormonal contraception. A reduced concentration of vitamin C in plasma and blood
      corpuscles has been reported. The clinical significance of these alterations is
      unknown.

PMID- 1090168
TI  - Bacteremia on an obstetric-gynecologic service.
AB  - In a one-year evaluation of the Obstetric-Gynecologic Services of the Los Angeles
      County University of Southern California Medical Center, bacteremia was confirmed
      on 144 occasions in 139 patients. This represented an over-all incidence of
      7/1,000 admissions with gram-negative bacteremia observed in 3.1/1,000
      admissions. There were four deaths in this series. The most frequently recovered
      aerobes were Escherichia coli, enterococci, and beta hemolytic streptococci, not
      Group A or D, while the most commonly isolated anaerobes were peptostreptococci,
      peptococci, and Bacteroides. These patterns of bacterial isolation should be
      acknowledged in antibiotic strategies for septic patients. There is a positive
      correlation between the incidence of intrapartum maternal and fetal monitoring
      and postpartum maternal bacteremia. The oncology patients were the most seriously
      ill women with bacteremia.

PMID- 1090169
TI  - Pituitary gonadotropin responses to synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone in patients with typical and atypical polycystic ovary disease.
AB  - Synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was administered
      intravenously to 17 women with polycystic ovary disease (PPCO), 16 women with
      hypothalamic amenorrhea (HA), and nine women with normal cycles. The serum levels
      of follicle-stimulating hormone (FHS) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured
      at frequent intervals before and after LH-RH injection. The PCO patients were
      arbitrarily divided into two groups on the basis of ovarian morphology. The eight
      patients with large, "typical" PCO's (Type I) showed a greater LH response and a
      lower FSH response to LH-RH than did the nine patients with smaller, "atypical"
      PCO's (Type II). The LH response in Type I co was also greater than that in HA,
      but the FSH response in both types of PCO was significantly less than that in HA.
      The gonadotropin responses to LH-RH in Type I PCO were quite similar to those
      occurring in normal women during the two to three days prededing ovulation. The
      results suggest that excessive LH secretion and/or impaired FSH secretion may be
      etiologically significant in PCO but do not clearly differentiate whether the
      stimulus for this pattern of gonadortopin secretion occurs at the hypothatamic or
      pituitary level.

PMID- 1090170
TI  - The isolation of progesterone.

PMID- 1090171
TI  - The present status of prenatal detection of neural tube defects.
AB  - In experimentally induced myelocele in rats, efforts to find neural cells in
      amniotic fluid (AF) were unsuccessful. Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and aldolase
      concentrations studied in serum of 118 and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 9
      patients with myelomeningocele showed serum CPK to be significantly elevated and
      more responsive to additional muscle injury than aldolase, but both enzymes
      appeared in lower concentrations in patients with myelomeningocele than those
      with infantile atrophy or cerebral palsy. In CSF, CPK, and aldolase
      concentrations averaged 4.2 I.U. and 2.7 S.L.U. per milliliter, respectively.
      Significant CPK elevation (p less than 0.001) was also found in AF from
      myeloschitic fetuses and maternal rat serum. Although these findings suggest that
      increased CPK concentration is an indicator of myelocele in rats, the technique
      is impractical for prenatal detection of human fetus occurs too late in
      gestation. This does not, however, preclude the value of CPK for detecting onset
      of paraparesis. In all myeloschitic human fetuses, the CSF communicates directly
      with AF for at least 3 to 4 weeks. This implies that CSF is probably the
      principal source of increased alpha-fetoprotein concentration encountered in AF
      of all pregnancies with NTD. When biological variables are recognized, it is
      evident that increased concentration of amniotic fluid alpha fetoprotein is a
      reliable indicator of fetuses with open myelocele and/or anenciphalus.

PMID- 1090172
TI  - Volume and sodium concentration studies in 300 saline-induced abortions.
AB  - In an attempt to clarify the role of volume changes and Na concentration in
      saline-induced midtrimester abortions, 800 amniotic fluid samples were studied in
      300 cases. The immediate postinfusion values of Na ranged as high as 3,000 mEg.
      per liter and as low as 1,200 mEg. per liter, still resulting in abortion. In
      earlier gestation, higher Na concentration and greater volume increase was needed
      for successful induction of abortion. Volume increase, within limits, compensated
      for Na concentration decrease. Osmotically induced volume changes were
      proportionatenate to the advancing stage of gestation.

PMID- 1090173
TI  - Infections with mycoplasma and bacteria in induced midtrimester abortion and
      fetal loss.
AB  - Placentas and fetuses from cases of induced midtrimester abortion and fetal loss
      (13 weeks of pregnancy or more) were examined microbiologically. In the series of
      midtrimester fetal loss, bacteria were isolated in 14 per cent and genital
      Mycoplasma in 37 per cent of the placentas. In induced abortion, 18 per cent of
      the placentas grew bacteria and in only one case out of 27 was a Mycoplasma
      strain isolated. Fetal organs yielded cultures positive for bacteria in 16 per
      cent and for genital Mycoplasma in 23 per cent of the spontaneous fetal loss
      material, whereas pyogenic cocci were isolated from fetal organs in 18 per cent
      and Mycoplasma in no case of induced abortion. In the positive cases, the fetal
      lungs were most often infected (in 34 out of 37 positive cases of spontaneous and
      4 out of 5 positive cases of induced abortion). On the other hand, microorganisms
      could be isolated from the brain in only 5 out of 28 cases of spontaneous and
      none of induced abortion. In the series of fetal loss, positive microbiologic
      findings from the fetal organs seemed correlated to prolonged bleeding before
      abortion or labor and to premature rupture of membranes.

PMID- 1090174
TI  - Evaluation of Deladumone OB in the suppression of postpartum lactation.
AB  - Of 235 patients receiving Deladumone OB, more than 39 per cent complained of
      breast pain or swelling; 83 per cent were pleased with the medication. Of 215
      patients receiving a placebo, more than 82 per cent complained of breast pain or
      swelling; 67.5 per cent were pleased with the medication.

PMID- 1090175
TI  - Calcium metabolism in pregnancy: a review.
AB  - Calcium metabolism in pregnancy is a complex process involving calcium,
      phosphorus, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcitonin (CT). Calcium
      absorption is enhanced in pregnancy, and increased storage in the maternal
      skeleton probably occurs as well. Adequate amounts are provided by the current
      Recommended Dietary Allowance of 1,200 mg. daily which can be met readily by
      natural foods, specifically milk. If supplemental calcium is given, a
      nonphosphate salt is probably advisable, since some evidence suggests that
      excessive phosphate intake may be related to leg cramps in pregnancy. Vitamin D
      is necessary for optimal calcium utilization in pregnancy, although the
      possibility of fetal toxicity with overdosage has been suggested. From a review
      of available information with respect to maternal-perinatal calcium
      interrelationships, I propose the following hypothesis: While total maternal
      serum calcium declines during pregnancy because of the physiologic
      hypoalbuminemia, the level of ionic calcium remains constant, in part, at least,
      because of increasing maternal PTH output. The placenta plays a primary role in
      fetal calcium metabolism by transporting calcium ions from the mother to the
      fetus against a concentration gradient. Relatively high fetal ionic calcium
      levels cause suppression of PTH and stimulation of CT in the fetus, facilitating
      growth of the fetal skeleton. With sudden loss of the placental source of calcium
      at birth, the newborn infant becomes functionally hypoparathyroid and/or
      hypercalcitonemic, and the serum calcium level declines until 3 to 4 days of life
      when PTH rises and CT falls with a resultant slight rise in calcium.

PMID- 1090176
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Exercitatio anatomica de motu cordis
      et sanguinis in animalibus.

PMID- 1090177
TI  - Puerperal endometritis: a prospective microbiologic study.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine the flora in the endometrial cavity of two
      groups of puerperal patients: 47 afebrile control subjects and 27 with
      endometritis. A transcervical culturing technique designed to avoid cervical
      contamination and to preserve aerobes, anaerobes, and mycoplasma was employed,
      and bacterial colony counts were reported semiquantitatively. No difference was
      found in the flora of these two groups. Furthermore, the most common pathogenic
      organisms (in decreasing order of frequency) were peptostreptococci, peptococci,
      Bacteroides sp., gamma-streptococci, enterococci, beta-streptococci, alpha
      streptococci, and E. coli.

PMID- 1090178
TI  - Sperm-agglutinating antibodies and testicular morphology in fifty-nine men with
      azoospermia or cryptozoospermia.
AB  - The relationship between the state of the germinal epithelium and the type and
      titer of circulating sperm-agglutinating antibodies has been investigated in a
      series of 59 azoospermic or occasionally cryptozoospermic men. The patients were
      grouped according to the condition of the germinal epithelium as observed from
      testicular biopsy specimens, as well as to type and titer of circulating sperm
      agglutinating antibodies investigated by a previously described
      microagglutination technique. Evidence is presented to suggest that the presence
      of mature spermatozoa in the testicular structures may be a prerequisite for the
      spontaneous production of circulating sperm-agglutinating antibodies, at least of
      the head-to-tail (H-T) agglutinating type. Furthermore, these circulating H-T
      sperm-agglutinating antibodies, once they are formed, do not seem to interfere
      adversely with the germinal epithelium of the carrier.

PMID- 1090179
TI  - The endothelium of failed corneal grafts.
AB  - Corneal buttons of failed grafts were obtained at the time of regrafting and
      studied with the scanning electron microscope. The condititions studied varied
      from failed donor tissue to graft rejections and herpetic endothelial disease.
      The scanning electron microscope offers a tridimensional, panoramic high-power
      view of pathologic endothelium that can be correlated to the clinical picture and
      light or transmission electron microscopy. The endothelium of recent grafts may
      be damaged by organized blood clots; leukocytes were present over the graft
      endothelium, possibly as a normal reaction to surgery. Herpetic infection of the
      graft may cause death of endothelial cells and formation of granulomatous
      lesions, with damage to Descemet's membrane. A large detachment and rupture of
      Descemet's membrane was found in a case of wound dehiscense.

PMID- 1090180
TI  - Immunologic  aspects of cicatricial pemphigoid.
AB  - A 56-year-old woman presented with the typical findings of cicatricial
      pemphigoid: vesicular lesions of the mucous membranes and skin. Ocular
      involvement included symblepharon and dryness. A regimen of 80 mg of oral
      trimcinolone per day healed the lesions of the skin and mucous membrane. The
      patient received three injections of 0.5 ml of triamcinolone acetonide into the
      area of the symblepharon without apparent effect on the ocular disease. Direct
      immunofluorescent microscopy of the patient's conjunctiva revealed fluorescence
      of the basement membrane when incubated with fluorescein labeled anti-IgG. The
      finding of immunologlobulin fixed to be basement membrane in cicatricial
      pepmhigoid indicates some type of immune mechanism, and would seem to place this
      entity in the spectrum of the pemphigus-pemphigoid group.

PMID- 1090181
TI  - The Derrick Vail Memorial Collection.

PMID- 1090182
TI  - Obituary. Hermann Martin Burian 1906-1974.

PMID- 1090183
TI  - Capillary density in developing and healing tuberculous lesions produced by BCG
      in rabbits. A quantitative study.
AB  - Dermal tuberculous lesions were produced in rabbits by the intradermal injection
      of BCG. At various times after infection, anesthetized animals were perfused with
      a gelatin-colloidal carbon medium via the abdominal aorta. The capillary density
      of the nonnecrotic granulation tissue in the lesions was determined
      quantitatively by counting the capillaries under an ocular grid of a microscope.
      The capillary density in normal skin near the lesions was 3.8 plus or minus 0.5
      in millimetersof capillary lengths per square millimeter in 250-mu tissue
      sections. The capillary density of the nonnecrotic tissue in BCGlesions averaged
      6.1 plus or minus 0.6 mm/sq mm, an increase of 60%. The capillary density
      remained more or less constant as the BCG lesions grew and then regressed. The
      development of delayed hypersensitivity seemed to increase the capillary density,
      but this increase may have been a response to an extension of the necrosis at the
      time delayed hypersensitivity developed. Capillary densities in tuberculin
      reactions resembled those in BCG lesions. In the early stages, the increaseed
      capillary network of dermal BCG lesions was derived mainly from the subpapillary
      vascular plexus of the deep dermis supplied branches that surrounded the lower
      half of the caseous necrotic center and anastomosed with capillaries from the
      subpapillary plexus supplying the upper  half. When the necrotic center extended,
      nearby capillaries thrombosed and in turn became necrotic. Peripherally, new
      capillaries formed and anastomosed with existing capillaries. From these vessels,
      mononuclear phagocytes emigrated, destroyed the tubercle bacilli, and enabled the
      lesion to heal. In the BCG lesions at all stages of development and healing, the
      capillary network in the nonnecrotic areas seemed adequate to supply and nourish
      the defense cells controlling the infection.

PMID- 1090184
TI  - An analysis of the Phagocytic potential of multinucleate foreign body giant
      cells.
AB  - Multinucleate giant cells were collected by subcutaneous implantation of plastic
      films into mice. The attached cells were challanged in vitro with staphylococci,
      yeasts and sheep erythrocytes treated with either glutaraldehyde or isologous or
      heterologous antiserum. Cells containing more than seven nuclei rarely
      phagocytized yeasts or staphylococci, and the uptake and ingestion of sheep
      erythrocytes treated with heterologous antiserum was equally infrequent. Many
      sheep erythrocytes treated with isologous antiserum or glutaraldehyde attached to
      giant cells. When the adherent erythrocytes were related to the increased size of
      the multinucleate cell by dividing the number attaching by the number of nuclei
      in the giant cell, a progressive relative reduction was demonstrated as the
      nuclear content increased. It is suggested that these phenomena are due to the
      loss of surface receptors subsequent to fusion during the formation of
      multinucleate cells.

PMID- 1090185
TI  - Animal model of human disease: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, multiple
      sclerosis; animal model: distemper-associated demyelinating encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 1090186
TI  - Natural selection on the dentition of an Arikara population.
AB  - The tooth crowns of most mammals do not change in size except by attrition.
      Therefore, by comparing age groups within a population and finding differences in
      size or variation, the effects of such agencies as directional or stabilizing
      selection can be demonstrated. Mesiodistal and buccolingual measurements were
      taken on the maxillary and mandibular permanent dentition of a protohistoric
      Arikara Indian population from South Dakota. The tooth sizes of juveniles ages 6
      through 15 were compared to those of adults ages 16 through 20. The two age
      groups were also compared by the cross-sectional areas of the posterior teeth.
      When a difference between age groups was demonstrated in either size or
      variation, a selection intensity was estimated using published graphs. Results
      from the comparisons show that adults, in general, have larger and less variable
      teeth than juveniles. The data suggest the possibility that both directional and
      stabilizing selection were operating on the Arikara dentition. Furthermore, the
      selection intensities suggest that selection was operating not on the individual
      teeth but on functional complexes such as the posterior teeth. It appears that in
      populations like the Arikara where crown attrition is severe, selection will be
      in the direction of large teeth.

PMID- 1090187
TI  - Otosclerotic stapedial footplate fixation in an 18th century burial.
AB  - Fixation of the footplate of the stapes by otosclerosis had been found in the
      left ear of a probable Spaniard who died about 200 years ago and was buried in
      the Tuscon Presidio. Previous studies on North and South Dakota American Indian
      crania of about the same time period did not demonstrate any stapedial fixation
      in 2,600 burials (4,064 temporal bones), 1,416 of which were over 16 years of age
      at death. The Tucson burial would indicate that this abnormality can be
      demonstrated in old interred skeletal material. Our other studies suggest that
      this disease process was not common in the prehistoric and historic Indian
      populations of the Dakotas.

PMID- 1090188
TI  - The language capability of Neanderthal man.
AB  - Considerable publicity has been given a recent article by Lieberman and Crelin
      ('71) which argues that Neanderthal man lacked the physical features necessary
      for speech. This present paper presents statistics on some modern men with normal
      speech who show physical features in common with Neanderthal man. The brain of
      Neanderthal man was as large as, or larger than, that of modern man. The brain
      reflected by endocranial cast of the La Chapelle-aux-Saints skull resembles that
      of modern man in an area important for speech and therapy suggests Neanderthal
      man had the neural development necessary for language.

PMID- 1090189
TI  - Cribra orbitalia in the aborigines of Hawaii and Australia.
AB  - Cranii of 53 Hawaiian aboriginal infants and children, and 45 from Austrailian
      aboriginal children were inspected. Cribra orbitalia was present in 22.8% of the
      former and 26.6% of the latter; osteoporotic pitting (symmetrical osteoporosis;
      porotic hyperostosis) was also present in the latter. The frequency compares
      favorably with that found in pre-Columbian North American Pueblo Indians, 24.7%.
      It is associated with a widespread skeletal involvement suggestive of an active
      bone marrow. The findings support the concept that cribra orbitalia is related to
      symmetrical osteoporosis and that it may be associated with a blood disorder.

PMID- 1090190
TI  - Metrical analysis of Fontechevade II.
AB  - The Fontechevade pi calotte is analyzed by principal coordinates on the basis of
      12 measurements. It most closely resembles Classic Neandertals and the Steinheim
      cranium in shape, showing no special similarity to modern man.

PMID- 1090191
TI  - Kinetics of unidirectional leucine transport into brain: effects of isoleucine,
      valine, and anoxia.
AB  - The rate of unidirectional uptake, v, of L-[4,5-3H]leucine was studied in 17
      isolated dog brains by means of an indicator-dilution technique using 22Na as the
      intravascular reference. The arterial leucine concentration was varied in
      increments by adding unlabeled leucine to the blood and v was determined after
      each change. The valine and isoleucine concentrations were varied independently
      to permit evaluation of their effect on leucine transport. A preliminary analysis
      indicated that both valine and isoleucine are competitive inhibitors. Therefore,
      all data were fitted to an equation that describes Michaelis-Menten kinetics in
      the presence of two competitive inhibitors. These calculations yielded an
      apparent Km for leucine transport of 1.58 mM plus or minus .28 SE, a V max of
      0.323 mumol/g per min plus or minus .035 SE, and an apparent K i for inhibition
      of leucine transport of 1.76 mM plus or minus .34 SE for valine and 0.73 mM plus
      or minus .14 SE for isoleucine. In four isolated brains perfused with blood
      having a constant leucine level, indicator-dilution injections were made before,
      and at 1, 5, and 10 min after the start of perfusion with anoxic blood. These
      findings showed that, unlike glucose transport (Brain Res. 67: 307-316, 1974),
      the rate of lucine transport is unaffected by 10 min of anoxia.

PMID- 1090192
TI  - Lipoate effect on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and gastric H+ secretion.
AB  - Acid secretion (QH+) and oxygen consumption (Qo2) by frog gastric mucosae in
      vitro were sharply stimulated by lipoate. A rapid decline followed stimulation,
      subsequently falling below control values. Addition of only glucose or lactate
      had no effect on Qo2 or QH+. Pyruvate caused slight significant stimulation of
      Qo2. Any one of these compounds added to lipoate-treated mucosae increased the
      stimulatory effect of lipoate and markedly slowed the rate of decline subsequent
      to maximum stimulation. Various fatty acids had a moderate-to-high stimulatory
      effect on Qo2 and QH+. Lipoate added prior to the addition of fatty acids
      decreased the stimulatory effect of buryrate (minus 56%), decanoate (minus 87%),
      and palmitate (minus 60%). Propionate became an inhibitor in the presence of
      lipoate. Lipoate increased (plus 100%) the amount of glycogen oxidized and
      decreased (minus 69%) the amount of triglycerides oxidized. Lipoate-treated
      mucosae did not respond to histamine. Addition of glucose restored
      responsiveness. The results indicate that beta-oxidation of fatty acids plays a
      major role in the acid secretory process and is centrally involved in cyclic AMP
      and histamine stimulation of QH+.

PMID- 1090194
TI  - Erich Lindemann.

PMID- 1090193
TI  - One-year follow-up of hyperactive boys treated with imipramine or
      methylphenidate.
AB  - The authors report on a one-year follow-up of 76 hyperactive boys who had
      participated in a comparative study of methylphenidate, imipramine, and placebo.
      They found that there was a higher rate of discontinuance of imipramine than of
      methylphenidate in this sample and that both medications decreased the boys' rate
      of weight gain but had no significant effect on growth in height. This findings
      is of concern because larger doses than were used in this study are in use
      elsewhere. Teachers reported that the group of boys who had discontinued either
      medications showed continued hyperactivity and behavior problems in the classroom
      at one year. The two treatment groups showed continued improvement at one year in
      classroom and home behavior and did not suffer significantly from each other.

PMID- 1090195
TI  - Medical care for urban workers and the poor: two 19th century programs.

PMID- 1090196
TI  - Schools of public health in the USA and Canada.

PMID- 1090197
TI  - Third Walter B. Cannon Lecture, 1974.  The surgical treatment of gastrointestinal
      ulcer: past and future.

PMID- 1090198
TI  - [Urticaria and angioedema (bibliographic review)].

PMID- 1090199
TI  - Cervico-mediastinal haematoma following sneezing.
AB  - A case of spontaneous cervico-mediastinal haematoma is described. This is the
      ninth case recorded and is unusual in that the haematoma seems to have resulted
      from rupture of a para-oesophageal vein. The differential diagnosis and methods
      of investigation are discussed.

PMID- 1090200
TI  - Post-operative convulsions due to penicillin applied to the spinal theca.
AB  - Two cases are described and discussed in which penicillin powder applied to the
      theca at the end of laminectomy caused delayed convulsions.

PMID- 1090201
TI  - Positive end-expiratory pressure during mechanical ventilation of the lungs.  A
      new vlave.
AB  - A valve is described which will provide positive end-expiratory pressure during
      mechanical ventilation of the lungs. The authors will be pleased to supply
      further details of specification and production on request.

PMID- 1090202
TI  - Chloroform or ether-a literary question.
AB  - Thackeray's accurate knowledge of the pharmacology of chloroform and ether is
      considered and his source discussed.

PMID- 1090203
TI  - Structural modifications of lutein cell gap junctions during pregnancy in the rat
      and the mouse.
AB  - By use of lanthanum tracer and freeze-fracture procedures it was found that
      granulosa-lutein cells of the pregnant mouse and rat ovaries are connected by gap
      junctions and septate-like zones of contact. Lutein cell gap junctions enlarge
      and become partially internalized by the end of the first week of gestation.
      Expansion of the gap junction domain appears to be due initially to intercalation
      of particles along borders of small gap junctions devoid of smaller non
      junctional particles. The number of gap junction lined processes appearing at the
      cell border increases concomitantly with hypertrophy of the lutein cell during
      the second week of pregnancy. Strands of particulate or grooved membrane emanate
      from the margin of larger gap junctions undergoing interiorization. Most large
      gap junctions are intimately associated with elements of the smooth endoplasmic
      reticulum. Spherical gap junctional profiles assume a deeper location in the
      lutein cell and may form concentric arrays by term while true surface gap
      junctions appear to fragment in the post-partum corpus luteum. The modifications
      observed are interpreted with respect to biogenesis of the gap junction and the
      hormonal control of lutein cell function.

PMID- 1090204
TI  - SEM preparation and observations of the hen's oviduct.
AB  - The surface patterns of the oviduct of Gallus domesticus were examined by
      scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using several preparatory techniques. Ciliated
      epithelial cells predominate throughout the oviduct with non-ciliated cells
      approaching an equal proportion in the magnum and isthmus. Short, randomly
      oriented mucosal folds which characterize the infundibulum increase in height and
      longitudinal orientation as they approach the magnum. Here and in the isthmus
      they broaden and become dimpled with glandular apertures. The folds narrow again
      in the uterus and vagina. Cryofracture followed by SEM demonstrate the deeper
      mucosal folds and submucosal tubular system.

PMID- 1090205
TI  - Blood components in the treatment of acute blood loss: use of freeze-preserved
      red cells, platelets, and plasma proteins.
AB  - To avoid untoward reactions from blood transfusions and to make best use of the
      limited supply of blood, anesthesiologists and surgeons have many newly developed
      means at their disposal. Blood components should be separated from whole blood at
      the time of collection and prepared for either liquid or freeze-preservation.
      Citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD) blood should be separated into its components at
      room temperature within 4 hours of collection for greatest service from each
      collected unit. Red cell concentrates with hematocrits of 70 volumes percent can
      be prepared from the whole blood at the time of collection and frozen either
      shortly thereafter or after storage at 4 degrees C. for up to 3 weeks. Red-cell
      levels of 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate (2, 3-DPG) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) can
      be increased by a rejuvenation process prior to freeze-preservation with either
      40 percent W/V glycerol and storage at minus 80 degrees C. or with 20 percent W/V
      glycerol and storage at minus 150 degrees C. While hemorrhagic shock can best be
      managed with fresh whole blood, such blood is often not available; liquid- and
      freeze-preserved products serve as best substitutes. When previously-frozen
      washed red cells are used, crystalloid, colloid, coagulation factors, and
      platelets may also be required. Platelet concentrates stored at 4 degrees C.
      provide platelets that are hemostatically effective immediately upon infusion but
      have poor circulation. Platelet concentrates stored at 22 degrees C. provide
      platelets that have good circulation but upon transfusion have impaired
      hemostatic effectiveness. The coagulation factors and oncotic properties of
      plasma protein necessary for proper treatment of patients in hemorrhagic shock
      can be met by an adequate supply of fresh-frozen plasma and albumin. When liquid
      stored red-cell concentrates or whole blood is given, filters must be used to
      remove the accumulated amorphous material, although the actual effects of the
      infused microaggregates are not yet known.

PMID- 1090206
TI  - Historical vignettes. Dr. Rudolph Matas 1860-1957.

PMID- 1090207
TI  - "Hyper-" end-expiratory pressure in the treatment of adult respiratory
      insufficiency: a case report.
AB  - Postiive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), in combination with mechanical
      ventilation, is efficacious in the treatment of some forms of adult respiratory
      insufficiency. PEEP in excess of 10 to 15 torr usually is not recommended;
      however, higher levels of PEEP may be required to reverse the pulmonary venous
      admixture. The efficacy of optimizing cardiopulmonary function with varying
      levels of PEEP is described.

PMID- 1090208
TI  - We salute .... Morris J. Nicholson, M.D.

PMID- 1090210
TI  - Lung volumes and closing capacity with continuous positive airway pressure.
AB  - Total lung capacity, vital capacity, residual volume, and functional residual
      capacity were determined by body plethysmography and the single-breath oxygen
      (SBO2) test was performed at 0, 5, and 11 cm H20 continuous positive airway
      pressure in healthy, awake, seated, spontaneously breathing subjects. Mean values
      for the absolute lung volume at which phase IV of the SBO2 test begins (closing
      capacity) did not change significantly with continous positive airway pressure at
      5 or 11 cm H2O. Mean total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and
      residual volume increased significantly, and the mean closing volume, the lung
      volume above residual volume at which phase IV begins, decreased significantly
      with 11 cm H20 continuous positive airway pressure; differences at 5 cm H20 were
      not significant. The slope of the alveolar nitrogen plateau (phase III) obtained
      during the SBO-2 test did not change with continuous positive airway pressure.

PMID- 1090209
TI  - Fibrinogen and albumin deficiencies associated with packed red blood cell
      transfusions.
AB  - Fibrinogen content was determined for each of 50 units of citrate-dextrose
      phosphate (CPD)-preserved whole blood, packed red blood cells reconstituted with
      250 ml. of saline, and packed red cells reconstituted with 250 ml. of purified
      plasma protein fraction (PPF). The total protein and albumin were measured, by
      electrophoresis, on each of 10 units of the three varieties of blood. The
      fibrinogen content of the two types of reconstituted cells was significantly
      lower than that of whole blood. Although the total protein/albumin content of
      whole blood and PPF-reconstituted red cells was similar, saline-reconstituted
      cells were markedly deficient in both total protein and albumin. Low fibrinogen
      and platelet levels subsequent to transfusion with reconstituted packed red cells
      can lead to an erroneous diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation.
      Administration of large quantities of saline-reconstituted packed cells could be
      an etiologic factor in postoperative interstitial pulmonary edema.

PMID- 1090211
TI  - Editorial: Occasions for remembrance.

PMID- 1090212
TI  - Clinical studies of Norpace (Part I).

PMID- 1090213
TI  - Clinical studies of Norpace (Part II).

PMID- 1090214
TI  - Clinical studies of Norpace (Part VII).

PMID- 1090215
TI  - Clinical studies of Norpace (Part VIII).

PMID- 1090216
TI  - Clinical studies of Norpace. Summarizing remarks.

PMID- 1090217
TI  - The pharmacokinetics of Norpace.

PMID- 1090218
TI  - Applications of ultrasound to the study of arteriosclerosis obliterans.

PMID- 1090219
TI  - Thermography for studying nicotinyl alcohol tartrate.

PMID- 1090220
TI  - Effects of prednisone on gastric secretion and development of stomach lesions in
      swine.
AB  - In pigs treated with various doses of prednisone, pathologic changes appeared in
      the glandular region of the stomach, mainly in the fundic area and rarely and
      less severely in the cardiac and pyloric mucosae. The characteristic lesion was
      hemorrhagic gastritis; this was associated with massive gastric hemorrhages in
      pigs given the larger doses of prednisone. Epithelial changes were found in the
      esophageal area, but there were no ulcers. In pigs with gastric fistulas,
      prednisone administered at dose levels of 10 mg/kg of body weight for 8 days
      produced a significant increase in the volume and the acidity of gastric
      secretion. Hexosamine output, but not concentration, increased significantly
      during the treatment period. Change in pepsin secretion was sit significant.
      Prednisone did not produce an immediate change in gastric secretion--there being
      a latent period lasting 1 to 2 days before marked changes were observed. After
      peak changes occurred (3rd or 4th day of treatment), acidity gradually decreased
      to pretreatment level toward the end of the treatment period. This indicates that
      although increased acidity may be involved in the development of lesions in the
      glandular region, other factors probably have a role also in the pathogenesis of
      steroid-induced stomach lesions in swine.

PMID- 1090221
TI  - Activity of penicillin and novobiocin against bovine mastitis pathogens.
AB  - Penicillin (P), novobiocin (N), and both (P-N) were evaluated in vitro against
      143 clinical isolates of bovine mastitis, including, Staphylococcus aureus,
      Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Streptococcus uberis.
      Greater antistaphylococcal activities were demonstrated with N alone and P-N than
      with P alone. Streptococcus spp were more susceptible to P alone than to N alone,
      and the effectiveness of P-N corresponded with that of P alone. In vitro, P-N had
      a wider spectrum of antibacterial activity than did either P or N. Similar
      results were also obtained in vivo, using the mouse protection test. The P-N gave
      a greater protection rate in mice experimentally infected with S aureus and Str
      agalactiae than did P or N.

PMID- 1090222
TI  - Diazepam and paraldehyde for treatment of severe delirium tremens. A controlled
      trial.
AB  - Thirty-four patients with severe delirium tremens were allocated randomly to
      treatment with paraldehyde (10 ml rectally very 30 minutes) or diazepam (10 mg
      then 5 mg intravenously every 5 minutes) until they were calm but awake. Diazepam
      treated patients became calm in one half the time needed to calm patients with
      paraldehyde. Half of the patients had delirium tremens in association with
      pneumonia, pancreatitis, or alcoholic hepatitis; these patients required twice as
      much paraldehyde or diazepam for initial calming as patients with delirium
      tremens alone. Maintenance of a calm state was accomplished easily with either
      diazepam, intramuscularly, or paraldehyde, rectally. Adverse reactions occurred
      in nine patients, all of whom had been treated with paraldehyde; these patients
      had greater degrees of fever, tachypnea, and tachycardia and required three times
      longer for initial calming than patients without adverse reactions. Diazepam
      given under this regimen is a safe and effective sedative for management of
      combative patients with severe delirium tremens.

PMID- 1090223
TI  - Goodpasture's syndrome: normal renal diagnostic findings.
AB  - A patient with Goodpasture's syndrome is described in whom pulmonary
      manifestations were dramatic, but in whom renal abnormalities were minor and only
      found on fluorescent and electron microscopy. His urine showed no proteinuria and
      no increase in cells in quantitative counts, and renal function was normal. It is
      suggested that there may be an indication for carrying out renal biopsies in
      patients with idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis and that this may lead to an
      early diagnosis of Goodpasture's syndrome.

PMID- 1090224
TI  - Host failure in treatment of malaria with sulfalene and pyrimethamine.
AB  - An individual infected with a multidrug-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum
      failed to respond to treatment with sulfalene and pyrimethamine. Subinoculation
      studies showed that parasite resistance to the drug combination was not present.
      Plasma levels of sulfalene and pyrimethamine in this individual were similar to
      those of three individuals, subinoculated from him, who were cured by the drug
      combination. Erythrocyte levels of sulfalene in this individual were similar to
      those in an individual, subinoculated from him, who was cured by the drug
      combination. After treatment with the drug combination, in vitro tests showed
      similar antimalarial activity in the serum of this individual in comparison with
      the serum of this individual in comparison with the serum of an individual
      subinoculated from him. The failure of this individual to respond to treatment
      with sulfalene and pyrimethamine is attributed to an undefined host factor (or
      factors) that appear(s) to be present in his erythrocytes.

PMID- 1090225
TI  - Digitalis in acute myocardial infarction: help or hazard?
AB  - The use of digitalis in acute myocardial infarction remains controversial because
      of disagreement regarding the electrophysiologic, hemodynamic, and metabolic
      risks and benefits. However, there is no convincing evidence of an increased
      incidence of arrhythmias following digitalis therapy. Direct measurement of left
      ventricle function shows improvement of impaired left ventricular performance.
      The increased metabolic cost of enhanced inotropy following digitalis is
      countered by reductions in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and volume,
      especially when left ventricular failure is present. Extension of infarct size
      shown in the dog after administration of digitalis may occur only in that
      experimental model or only if cardiac failure is absent. We conclude that
      digitalis may be recommended following acute myocardial infarction if the usual
      indications, supraventricular tachyarrhythmias or cardiac failure, are present.

PMID- 1090227
TI  - Letter: False claims under Medicare.

PMID- 1090226
TI  - Letter: Clindamycin and colitis.

PMID- 1090228
TI  - Guidelines for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections.
AB  - The most common site of nosocomial infection, involving more than 400 000
      patients in this country annually, is the catheterized urinary tract. These
      infections cause significant morbidity, prolong hospital stay, increase
      hospitalization costs, and contribute to mortality caused by Gram-negative
      septicemia. Strict adherence to appropriate infection control procedures is
      necessary if the incidence and sequels of catheter-related infections are to be
      reduced. Based upon current understanding of the epidemiology of nosocomial
      urinary tract infections, guidelines for the prevention of catheter-associated
      urinary tract infections are presented.

PMID- 1090229
TI  - Autoimmunity: present concepts.
AB  - Autoimmune disease may be effected by humoral mechanisms (direct antibody effect
      or pathogenic antigen-antibody complexes), cell-mediated mechanisms, and possibly
      complement in the absence of antibody. In view of recent work, self-tolerance can
      no longer be explained by the clonal selection theory; cells that are capable of
      recognizing self-antigens and effecting an autoimmune response seem to be present
      in the normal individual but actively regulated by a process involving antigen
      antibody complexes or suppressor T cells. The determination that a clinical state
      is an autoimmune disease cannot, therefore, be made only on the basis of the
      presence of autoantibody as this may be part of the normal and active state of
      immunoregulation of autoimmunity. Indeed, the absence of autoantibody may be the
      immunodeficient state that allows a full-blown autoimmune disease to occur. In
      view of this knowledge, the basis for the diagnosis of autoimmune disease and the
      rationale for treatment based on the objective of inhibiting all immune responses
      to the autoantigen require re-examination.

PMID- 1090230
TI  - Microwave effects on the blood-forming system with particular reference to the
      lymphocyte.

PMID- 1090231
TI  - Discussion paper: Raman spectroscopy of molecular species during exposure to 100
      MHz radio-frequency fields.

PMID- 1090232
TI  - Genetic continuity and metabolic regulation as seen by the effects of various
      microwave and black light frequencies on these phenomena.

PMID- 1090233
TI  - Effects of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation on single-cell biologic systems.

PMID- 1090234
TI  - Biology and control of imported fire ants.

PMID- 1090235
TI  - Neurosecretion and the control of visceral organs in insects.

PMID- 1090236
TI  - Neuromuscular pharmacology of insects.

PMID- 1090237
TI  - Inherited sterility in Lepidoptera.

PMID- 1090238
TI  - Recent advances in our knowledge of the order Siphonaptera.

PMID- 1090239
TI  - Adaptations of arthropoda to arid environments.

PMID- 1090240
TI  - Brain structure and behavior in insects.

PMID- 1090241
TI  - Structure of cuticular mechanoreceptors of arthropods.

PMID- 1090242
TI  - The Brazilian bee problem.

PMID- 1090243
TI  - Insect growth regulators with juvenile hormone activity.

PMID- 1090244
TI  - Genetical methods of pest control.

PMID- 1090245
TI  - The biology and ecology of armored scales.

PMID- 1090246
TI  - As she puts on her mask.

PMID- 1090247
TI  - AORN standards OR wearing apparel, draping and gowning materials.

PMID- 1090248
TI  - Use of porcine skin in burn treatment.

PMID- 1090249
TI  - Detection and growth of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in soft ripened cheese.
AB  - The organism most frequently encountered during the 1971 outbreak of
      enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in soft ripened cheese was a strain that
      failed to ferment lactose broth within 48 h. Since existing methods for E. coli
      are dependent upon fermentation of this sugar, such strains can remain
      undetected, particularly when present in low numbers. Therefore a cultural
      testing procedure was developed to insure isolation of both lactose-positive and 
      negative strains. This method used GN broth, modified by substituting lactose and
      arabinose for glucose and D-mannitol, as an enrichment medium. MacConkey agar,
      used as a plating medium, was modified by substituting arabinose for half the
      lactose. The cultural procedure was used in conjunction with a fluorescent
      antibody method to screen cheese for the presence of presumptive enteropathogenic
      E. coli. Suspected isolates were subjected to further biochemical and serological
      testing and identified as members of specific serogroups. These methods were used
      for the analysis of over 2,000 wheels of cheese; over 10% of the samples tested
      were found to contain strains belonging to six different serogroups associated
      with diarrheal diseases. No attempt was made to confirm pathogenicity by in vivo
      tests. Enumeration of E. coli in cheese showed that numbers increased during
      storage. Cheese with less than 10 organisms/g initially increased to over 10-5 at
      room temperature and over 10-3 at 4 C within 10 days. With higher initial counts,
      levels up to 10-9 were found at 4 C. These studies showed that the high levels of
      E. coli encountered in these products cannot be used as a direct indicator of
      post-processing contamination.

PMID- 1090250
TI  - Evaluation of methods for the isolation of Salmonella and Arizona organisms from
      pet turtles treated with antimicrobial agents.
AB  - Turtles infected with and actively excreting Salmonella-Arizona organisms were
      treated with various concentrations of both Neo-Terramycin (N-Te) and Terramycin
      (Te) (Pfizer) for various periods of time and then tested for the presence of
      these pathogens by two methods, excretion and blending.  Turtles treated with 200
      mug of Te per ml of container water for 9, 12, or 14 weeks, whereas when
      representative turtles from treatment groups were blended 72 h posttreatment
      these organisms were isolated from the whole turtle homogenate.  Salmonella and
      Arizona could be recovered from homogenate prepared from turtles treated for 7
      and 14 days with 400, 800, or 1,000 mug of Te or N-Te per ml.  These findings
      suggest that the blending methods is more sensistive than the excretion method
      for the detection of Salmonella-Arizona in the treated turtle.

PMID- 1090251
TI  - Proficiency test specimens for water bacteriology.
AB  - A procedure for the preparation and distribution of simulated water specimens for
      coliform density testing is described.  Lyophilization of Escherichia coli in a
      cooked meat-glucose supporting substrate provides stable samples which may be
      distributed to participants in a proficiency testing program.  Logarithmic
      conversion of the data allows statistical evaluation of the results for inter-
      and intralaboratory variation.  Comparisons between the most probable number and
      membrane filter techniques indicate no significant difference in the accuracy of
      these techniques, although the membrane filter technique is more precise.

PMID- 1090252
TI  - Length of incubation for enumerating nitrifying bacteria present in various
      environments.
AB  - The effect of incubation time on most-probable-number estimates of autotrophic
      nitrifying bacteria was investigated by using waters, rooted aquatic plants,
      sediments, and slimes as inoculum sources. Maximum most probable numbers of the
      NH4+-oxidizing group were attained in 20 to 55 days (median, 25). Estimates of
      NO2-oxidizers were highest at termination (103 to 113) days.

PMID- 1090253
TI  - Rapid gas chromatographic technique for presumptive detection of Clostridium
      botulinum in contaminated food.
AB  - A simple gas-liquid chromatography end-product assay is reported for butyric and
      other short-chain fatty acids as presumptive indicators of Clostridium botulinum
      contamination in food.

PMID- 1090254
TI  - Bacteriological survey of raw beef patties produced at establishments under
      federal inspection.
AB  - At the time of manufacture, 76% of 74 sets of raw beef patties collected in 42
      federally inspected establishments had aerobic plate counts of 1,000,000 or
      fewer/g; 84% contained 100 or fewer coliforms/g; 92% contained 100 or fewer
      Escherichia coli/g; and 85% contained 100 or fewer staphylococcus aureus/g
      (geometric means of 10 patties/set). Salmonellae were isolated from only three
      (0.4%) of 735 beef patties.

PMID- 1090255
TI  - Effect of exposure to hyperoxic, hypobaric, and hyperbaric environments on
      concentrations of selected and aerobic and anaerobic fecal flora of mice.
AB  - Alterations in selected aerobic and anaerobic fecal microflora of the mouse were
      determined during exposure to hyperoxic and normoxic hypo- and hyperbaric
      environments. Examination of fecal cultures obtained during exposure for 6 weeks
      to either 60 or 77% oxygen concentration 1 atmosphere absolute revealed little
      alteration in the aerobic or anaerobic flora. There appeared to be only a
      retardation in the reduction of the Klebsiella-Enterobacter flora which normally
      occurs after weaning. During exposure to hypobaric environments (100% O-2, 0.2
      atmosphere absolute), significant alterations in concentrations of Escherichia
      coli, slow lactose fermenters, Klebsiella-Enterobacter, and enterococci were
      found in some instances. All alterations were toward increased concentrations.
      Variations in concentrations of different colony types of obligately anaerobic
      gram-positive (anGPR) and gram-negative (anGNR) rods cultured during the same
      experiments also occurred. One colony type of anGPR appeared to decrease while a
      second type increased in numbers. Concentrations of three colony types of anGNR
      were generally, but not always, increased. During hyperbaric exposure (2.8% O-2,
      7.5 atmospheres absolute), increased concentrations of Klebsiella-Enterobacter,
      E. coli, slow lactose fermenters and enterococci were also noted. Changes in
      numbers of both colony types of anGPR, when occurring, were in the direction of
      lower numbers. Alteration in numbers of anGNR were in both directions but were
      more frequent in the direction of higher numbers. After return to normal air for
      4 weeks of either hypo- or hyperbaric exposure, fecal concentrations of all
      organisms tended to revert toward control values with the exception of the anGPR
      which remained in lower concentrations after termination of the hyperbaric
      exposure. These observations indicate that, despite the great variation in the
      fecal flora among individual mice, it is possible to discover the effects induced
      by altered gaseous environments.

PMID- 1090256
TI  - Bacterial survival in laundered fabrics.
AB  - Bacterial survival was determined in linens (i) inoculated with Staphylococcus
      auerus (ii), taken from hospital isolation patients' beds, and (iii) used by
      students in their homes. Two different washers using temperatures of 38, 49, 54
      and 60 C, respectively, for different times were empolyed along with a commercial
      tumbler dryer. Findings, after macerating the linens in Waring blender and
      enumerating on nonselective media, indicate that acceptable levels of survivors
      can be acheived in motel and hotel linens by an 8- to 10-min wash cycle at 54 C
      followed by adequate drying. However, it is recommended that a wash cycle with 60
      C for 10 to 13 min be  employed for linens in health care factilities. The
      microbial significance of various laundering practices is discussed.

PMID- 1090257
TI  - Bacterial flora of the hemolymph of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus: most
      probable numbers.
AB  - The hemolymph of 290 freshly collected blue crabs from Chincoteague Bay, Va., was
      sampled over a 15-month period from August 1968 through November 1969 and most
      probable numbers of bacteria were determined by tube dilution. The hemolymph of
      18% of all crabs sampled was found to be sterile, with 16% sterility in summer
      and 23% in winter samples. Despite individual variations, male crabs as a group
      had a higher bacterial hemolymph burden than females, and among both sexes summer
      counts were higher than winter. The hemolymph of crabs with missing appendages
      had significantly higher counts than uninjuried crabs. The annual mean hemolymph
      most probable numbers per ml was 2,756 for males, 1,300 for females, and 1,876
      for both sexes. The higher bacterial levels found in the hemolymph of male crabs
      may, in part, be explained by the fact that males, which predominated in the
      summer samples, had a higher incidence of injury and missing appendages than did
      females.

PMID- 1090258
TI  - Bacterial flora of the hemolymph of the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus: numerical
      taxonomy.
AB  - Bacteria isolated from the hemolymph of normal blue crabs were found to be
      predominantly Vibrio sp., Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus sp.,
      Flavobacterium sp., and coliforms. Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a cosmopolitan
      facultative pathogen widely implicated in outbreaks of gastroenteritis related to
      the consumption of improperly processed seafood, was present in crabs collected
      between the months of May to November and was identified in up to 21% of the
      hemolymphs sampled.

PMID- 1090259
TI  - Prophage induction of Escherichia coli (lambda) by N-nitrosamines.
AB  - Carcinogenic N-nitrosamines were tested for their ability to induce lambda in a
      lysogenic strain of Escherichia coli K-12 (58-161 F+ Dimethylnitrosamine, di-n
      propylnitrosamine, methyl-n-propylnitrosamine, and N-nitrosopiperidine were shown
      to be inducers of prophage.

PMID- 1090260
TI  - Livedo vasculitis (the vasculitis of atrophie blanche). Immunohistopathologic
      study.
AB  - Hyalinizing segmental vasculitis or livedo vasculitis (atrophie blanche) is a
      clinical entity with a distinctive immunohistopathologic morphology that can be
      distinguished from other forms of cutaneous vasculitis by histologic and direct
      immunofluorescent studies. Our studies showed that immunoglobulins and complement
      components (C-1g, C-3, and properdin) were localized in diseased vessel walls,
      suggesting an immune pathogenesis.

PMID- 1090261
TI  - Antinuclear antibodies. II. The prognostic significance of nuclear
      immunofluorescent patterns in lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Nuclear immunofluorescent patterns in lupus erythematosus (LE) were correlated
      with the clinical picture. Patterns were classified into three groups of
      prognostic significance: (1) Poor-Shrunken peripheral fluorescence was found in
      patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 60% demonstrating renal
      involvement. (2) Intermediate-This included the peripheral and therapy patterns,
      associated with 33% renal involvement in patients with SLE. (3) Good-Large and
      small speckle-like threads were seen in cases of very benign LE.

PMID- 1090263
TI  - Macrophage migration inhibition test in untreated syphilis.
AB  - Two modifications of macrophage migration inhibition test, one of George and
      Vaughan and the other one of Svejcar, were performed on a total of 78 cases of
      untreated syphilis at various stages. As specific antigens were used: Treponema
      Pallidum ultrasonate and cardiolipin. Inhibition of migration was observed in 87
      percent patients with primary syphillis and in all patients with late and late
      congenital syphilis. After improving and standardisation of the technique of
      Treponema Pallidum antigen-the migration inhibition test may be recommended as a
      specific in vitro-test for detection of cell mediated immunity in syphilis.

PMID- 1090262
TI  - Human melanoma FUHS-1. Description of a new cell line.
AB  - Presented is a new established cell line, which was cultivated from a melanoma
      originating from a melanosis praeblastomatosa circumscripta of the leg. Recently
      subculture No. 105 was reached after a period of 31 month. Medium of primary
      culture was TC Medium Eagle spinner modified, followed from subculture No. 1 by
      MEM/Hanks/0.35 g/l NaHCO3. From subculture No. 6 NCTC 135 was applied
      simultaneously-each respective supplements. The cells grow as monolayer; absolute
      plating efficiency of the established cell line lies by 800/0; epithelial-like
      and dendritic melanin-producing cells are prominent. The number of chromosomes is
      considerably fluctuating; the karyotype of the established cell line lies within
      the range of subtriploidy. Sizewise a marker in submedian position of centromer
      is to be compared with one of group.

PMID- 1090264
TI  - Chrysanthemum allergy. Pt. II: Experimental studies on the causative agents.
AB  - Experimental studies on allergic contact dermatitis due to Chrysanthemum indicum
      1. (Chrysanthemum x-morifolium) (chrysanthemum of the florists) have indicated
      the following results: 1. In 5 patients with allergic contact dermatitis from
      chrysanthemum oil of turpentine and its sensitizing compounds gave no patch test
      responses. No relationship between contact allergy due to chrysanthemus and to
      turpentine oil could be determined. 2. The pyrethrins, constituents with
      insecticidal activity, derived from certain Chrysanthemum species and often
      suspected as the causative agents, play no role in chrysanthemum allergy. 3.
      Tests on sensitized guinea pigs (pirl bright white strain) with flowers of
      chrysanthemum as well as with the two sesquiterpene lactones parthenolide and
      alantolactone, derived from different Composite species, gave positive patch test
      reactions. The results showed that parthenolide produced stronger reactions than
      alantolactone. 4. By thin layer chromatography neither parthenolide, nor
      alantolactone or pyrethrosin could be detected in extracts of chrysanthemum
      flowers of the florists. But the investigations indicated that several other
      terpenic compounds are present, which gave positive color reactions to certain
      lactone reagents. Five of them showed strong positive patch test reactions in our
      patients as well as in sensitized guinea pigs. Further studies are required to
      identify these compounds.

PMID- 1090265
TI  - Humoral immune response of mice with long-term exposure to cigarette smoke.
AB  - Mice were exposed to fresh cigarette smoke for 1,17, and 38 weeks. After each
      period the primary and secondary humoral immune response to intraperitoneal
      inoculation of sheep erythrocytes was studied. Direct and indirect plaque forming
      cell responses in the spleen and in a pool of cervical and mediastinal lymph
      nodes, as well as serum hemolytic and hemagglutinating antibodies were examined.
      Primary plaque forming cell and antibody response to sheep erythrocytes was first
      enhanced and then depressed by continual cigarette smoke exposure, while the
      secondary response was unaffected. Serum antibody response to
      polyvinylpyrrolidone, an immunogen independent of thymus-derived lymphocytes, was
      not impaired by 41 weeks of cigarette smoke exposure.

PMID- 1090266
TI  - Placement of coronary artery bypass graft without pump oxygenator.

PMID- 1090267
TI  - Editorial: To use or not to use the pump oxygenator in coronary bypass
      operations.

PMID- 1090268
TI  - Letter: End-to-side vascular anastomosis.

PMID- 1090269
TI  - Employment of two new stapling devices (models SB-2 and US-18) in experimental
      combined resections of the bronchus and pulmonary artery.

PMID- 1090270
TI  - Intraaortic balloon assist through cannulation of the ascending aorta.

PMID- 1090271
TI  - Cardiac surgery in patients undergoing renal dialysis or transplantation.
AB  - The coexistence of organic cardiac disease and chronic renal failure presents a
      therapeutic dilemma. Cardiac operations have been performed on patients who were
      undergoing hemodialysis or who had had successful renal transplantation. There
      are several aspects of management of these patients which differ from those of
      the routine cardiac surgical patient. Guidelines for management are outlined and
      discussed.

PMID- 1090272
TI  - The benefits of corticosteroids in endotoxic shock.
AB  - The experiments reported here were undertaken to study the effects of
      pharmacological doses of corticosteroids administered alone or in conjunction
      with prolonged (12-hour) assisted circulation in 22 dogs subjected to LD50-60
      Escherichia coli endotoxin. The most striking findings were lengthened survival
      time, higher cardiac output, decreased fluid requirement, and minimal evidence of
      pulmonary congestion or injury in the animals treated with steroids only.
      Unexplained mesenteric infarction prematurely terminated the experiments in
      animals undergoing assisted circulation. The benefits of corticosteroids in
      experimentally induced endotoxic shock are clearly demonstrated in these
      experiments. Further studies are needed to clarify the supportive role of
      assisted circulation in endotoxic shock and to determine any possible advantage
      of hypothermia over normothermia during its course.

PMID- 1090273
TI  - Aromatic metabolism in the fungi. Growth of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa in p
      hydroxybenzoate-limited chemostats and the effects of growth rate on the
      synthesis of enzymes of the 3-oxoadipate pathway.
AB  - Rhodotorula mucilaginosa was grown in p-hydroxybenzoate-limited chemostats over
      the dilution rate (D) range 0.01 to 0.17 h-1 and growth was adequately described
      by the Monod theory when maintenance energy requirements were considered. The p
      hydroxy-benzoate affinity constant, K8, had the relatively high value of 270
      mg/I. The yield from p-hydroxbenzoate varied with dilution rate but was constant
      above D equal 0.07 h-1 at 0.56 g yeast/g substrate utilised. The maintenance
      coefficeint for growth on the aromatic substrate was 20 mg/g yeast/hr. Culture
      viability decreased linearly as the dilution rate was reduced. 4-Hydroxybenzoate
      3-mono-oxygenase, protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenases, 3-carboxymuconate cyclase and
      3-carboxymuconolactone hydrolase activities were dilution rate-dependent, results
      which accord with the substrate in inducibility of these enzymes. Under carbon
      limited growth conditions the addition of glucose, a catabolite repressor of
      these enzymes, to the aromatic medium stimulated their synthesis. Data were also
      obtained which indicated that whereas the synthesis of the cyclase and the
      hydrolase was coordinately controlled, that of the first two enzymes of the 3
      oxodipate pathway was under independent control.

PMID- 1090274
TI  - Accuracy of the family history method in affective illness. Comparison with
      direct interviews in family studies.
AB  - We interviewed available spouses and first-degree relatives of 140 bipolar and
      unipolar probands for current and past psychopathology, and assessed interrater
      reliability. Diagnoses based on direct interviews of relatives were compared with
      those based on reports of the probands and of all other interviewed family
      members. Probands underestimated the prevalence of affective illness and other
      psychiatric disorders in their relatives, and overestimated the age of onset of
      illness in their ill relatives. Probands reported more accurately about illness
      in their spouses and parents than in their siblings and children, but accuracy
      reached acceptable levels for spouses only. Diagnoses on relatives derived by
      combining reports of all other interviewed family members, including the proband,
      were slightly more accurate than those based on the proband's reports alone. Good
      accuracy was obtained only for reports about spouses.

PMID- 1090275
TI  - The use of Duopect as expectorant--antitussive agent.

PMID- 1090276
TI  - Study on the effect of chronic immunization of animals on cellular type
      immunologic response.

PMID- 1090277
TI  - Study on chronic immunization of animals. Morphology of changes of
      lymphoreticular system in three generations of animals chronically immunized with
      typhoid fever and typhoid-tetanus vaccine.

PMID- 1090278
TI  - Heterotopic bone formation and alkaline phosphatase.
AB  - Heterotopic bone formation is osteogenesis that occurs in a part of the body that
      does not normally form bone. Alkaline phosphatase (orthophosphoric monoester
      phosphorylase) has a wide substrate specificity for catalyzing the hydrolysis of
      phosphate esters at an alkaline pH. The various isoenzymes are found to originate
      in the liver, bones, intestinal mucosa, and placenta. Numerous disorders are
      associated with elevations of the individual isoenzymes. The physiologic function
      of alkaline phosphatase is as yet unknown. The bone isoenzyme (heat labile) is
      found elevated in cases of heterotopic bone formation and fracture repair.
      Osteoblasts (bone forming cells) are unusually rich in alkaline phosphatase but
      the relationship of this enzyme to the process of calcification and bone
      formation is not clear. Alkaline phosphatase appears to be involved with the
      elaboration of matrix rather than with the process of mineralization in
      osteogenesis.

PMID- 1090279
TI  - New congress president: John W. Goldschmidt, M.D.

PMID- 1090280
TI  - 1974 Gold Key Award: Martha Taylor Sarno, M.A.

PMID- 1090281
TI  - A new antireflux procedure at the esophagogastric junction: experimental and
      clinical evaluation.
AB  - In posterior fundoplasty, a derivative of Nissen fundoplication, the fundus is
      passed behind the abdominal esophagus and fixed to the anterior aspect of the
      stomach, thus modifying the angle of entrance of the esophagus, creating a
      posterior gastric reservoir relatively inaccessible to the cardia. In dogs, it
      was a successful as a Nissen fundoplication in reversing esophagitis caused by
      reflux and daily administration of histamine. In another group of dogs, a
      cylindrical resection of the last 4 or 6 cm of the esophagus and a posterior
      fundoplasty were performed simultaneously. In spite of the daily administration
      of 30 mg of histamine, none of the dogs developed esophagitis.  Posterior
      fundoplasty has proved effective in 14 patients with hiatal hernia observed for
      three years. In five patients undergoing a Heller myotomy for achalasia, it was
      used successfully to prevent postoperative regurgitation.

PMID- 1090282
TI  - Acinic cell carcinoma: collective review, including bilateral cases.
AB  - Bilateral acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland is rare. On the basis of one
      case and a review of 486 parotid acinic carcinomas, unilateral as well as
      bilateral, total parotidectomy seems to be the treatment of choice for this low
      grade malignant neoplasm that recurs commonly following inadequate excision. If
      involved by tumor, the facial nerve must be taken. Metastases are more likely to
      lung and bone than to regional nodes. For this reason, radical neck dissection is
      not routinely indicated.

PMID- 1090283
TI  - Antilymphocyte globulin in renal transplantation: Nephrotic syndrome and
      infection as possible complications.
AB  - During a two-year period, nine patients received equine antilymphocyte globulin
      (ALG) as part of their immunosuppressive therapy following cadaver renal
      transplantation. Of these, three patients (33%) developed nephrotic syndrome. A
      fourth patient had proteinuria greater than 3 gm/24 hr not attributable to
      recurrent disease or rejection. Of 32 other patients with cadaver renal
      allografts done during the same time, none had nephrotic syndrome and two (6%)
      had proteinuria greater than 3 gm/24 hr, both with biopsy evidence of rejection.
      This suggests an association between ALG therapy and risk for developing
      nephrotic syndrome, but the mechanism is not clear and deserves further
      investigation. During the first three months following transplantation, the nine
      patients treated with ALG had 20 infections, which seems to be more per patient
      than in our other transplant recipients.

PMID- 1090284
TI  - Electrosurgical excision of full-thickness burns.
AB  - Massive intraoperative blood loss and poor graft take have been the major
      problems associated with early excision and immediate grafting of full-thickness
      burns. By employing electrosurgery, excessive blood loss was virtually eliminated
      in a series of major burn excisions. Immediate graft take was excellent on
      electrosurgical wounds after primary burn excisions and in late reconstructive
      procedures. Simplicity, improved hemostasia, good graft take, and the absence of
      special anesthetic requirements make this method particularly applicable to the
      management of patients with burn injury.

PMID- 1090285
TI  - Intestinal necrosis and perforation after renal transplantation.
AB  - An acute intestinal disorder occurred in seven patients soon after renal
      transplantation. The disorder was characterized initially by massive abdominal
      distention with progression to multiple bowel perforations in three patients and
      extensive bowel necrosis in two. Surgical manipulation did not appear to be the
      cause since the transplants were performed retroperitoneally in the iliac fossa.
      Ischemia also was not a factor since the mesenteric vessels were patent with no
      evidence of thrombus formation or vasculitis. The cause appeared to be related to
      immunosuppressive agents, in particular, high doses of corticosteroids. The
      disease process appeared to be reversible if immunosuppression was discontinued
      early, as occurred in two patients.

PMID- 1090286
TI  - Transsacral repair of rectal prolapse.
AB  - Whatever the basic pathogenesis of rectal prolapse, the structural alterations
      invariably include a defect in the pelvic floor fascia, a deep pouch anterior to
      the rectum, a patulous anus, loose fixation of the rectum to the pelvic
      structures, and a long sigmoid colon. A variety of corrective procedures have
      been described for rectal prolapse, but all suffer from various disadvantages.
      The transsacral approach to the rectum has several advantages: (1) it is simple
      and safe even for the elderly, (2) it avoids an abdominal incision with its
      concomitant postoperative complications, (3) it will allow complete correction of
      all abnormalities, and (4) it has been performed with a low recurrence rate.

PMID- 1090287
TI  - An intraluminal technique for arterial occlusion during renal transplantation.
AB  - A simple technique was developed for occlusion of atherosclerotic vessels in
      patients undergoing renal transplantation. Fogarty catheters were placed within
      the iliac arteries via a stab wound and the balloons inflated to provide safe and
      gentle occlusion of atherosclerotic vessels during the transplant operation.

PMID- 1090288
TI  - C-peptide measurements: Clinical implications.

PMID- 1090289
TI  - Unique reports on pioneer surgery.

PMID- 1090290
TI  - Optic nerve anomalies in basal encephalocele.
AB  - Basal encephalocele should be suspected in child when hypertelorism, defect of
      the bridge of the nose, and other midfacial anomalies are present. Optic nerve
      anomalies may occur with basal encephalocele. Those previously described are pale
      discs, coloboma of the optic nerve head, and pit of the optic disc. Two
      additional disc anomalies that are associated with basal encephalocele are
      megalopapilla and optic nerve dysplasia. A mass in the nose or nasopharynx under
      these circumstances is most likely an encephalocele and biopsy is
      contraindicated.

PMID- 1090291
TI  - Posterior uveitis and primary cerebral reticulum cell sarcoma.
AB  - Primary cerebral reticulum cell sarcoma appeared as unexplained posterior
      uveitis. A retrospective review of 19 cases of cerebral reticulum cell sarcoma
      seen at Massachusetts General Hospital has not confirmed the previously described
      high incidence of ocular involvement in patients with this tumor. The presence of
      posterior uveitis remote from a definite cerebral mass should suggest the
      possible diagnosis of primary cerebral reticulum cell sarcoma.

PMID- 1090292
TI  - Reconstruction of the central one half of an eyelid.
AB  - The technique recommended in this communication concerns the use of a
      semicircular graft from the lateral canthal area to close a lid margin defect
      comprising one half of the lid. When the defect is closed, the semicircular flap
      will straighten and become the lateral portion of the lid.

PMID- 1090293
TI  - Eye manifestations in acrodermatitis enteropathica.
AB  - A case of acrodermatitis enteropathica is presented that is the first to manifest
      punctal stenosis, the fourth to show corneal changes, and the sixth to survive
      into adulthood.

PMID- 1090294
TI  - Letter: Benjamin Rush and the birth of american aviation medicine.

PMID- 1090295
TI  - Behavioral studies using genetically defined mice. A bibliography.
AB  - References in this bibliography have been selected from the Subject-Strain
      Bibliography of Inbred Strains of Mice, maintained at The Jackson Laboratory,
      which attempts to include all published papers dealing with specific inbred
      strains of mice, named genes in mice, or named transplantable tumors. We have
      selected all references which appear to be of behavioral interest, including
      reports of the effects of neurological mutations, but have omitted genetic
      studies conducted with these mutants. Studies using "white", "Swiss", or
      undesignated mice are not included. This bibliography covers literature published
      from 1922 through late 1973. The authors would like to be informed of omissions,
      and to receive reprints of omitted papers. The bibliography is divided into three
      sections. The first section includes all references in which a behavioral measure
      appears to be the variable of primary interest. This section is divided into 16
      behavioral categories: activity, aggression, audiogenic seizures, communication,
      emotionality, feeding, learning, maternal, memory, psychomotor, regulation,
      reproduction, biorhythms, sensation, social, and miscellaneous. References are
      assigned to a category on the basis of their apparent emphasis. The second
      section includes all references in which the effects of a treatment on behavior
      appear to be the variables of primary interest. This section is divided into nine
      treatment categories: age, alcohol, central nervous system, mutations, neonatal
      and teratogenic, population size, pharmacological agents, genetic selection, and
      miscellaneous. Where multiple treatments were used, references are assigned to
      the category of the most important treatment. The third section contains reviews
      and theoretical references. Each item in the bibliography is assigned to a
      category in one of the three sections and given a reference number. At the end of
      each category is a list of the reference numbers from other categories which
      contain information pertinent to that category. References are arranged
      alphabetically within each category.

PMID- 1090296
TI  - [Effect of an absorbable synthetic suture material (Dexon) in horses and dogs].

PMID- 1090297
TI  - Azathioprine in rheumatoid arthritis: a long-term follow-up study.
AB  - In 1973 we reported the beneficial effects of azathioprine in a double blind,
      cross-over study in 17 patients with classic rheumatoid arthritis. During
      subsequent follow-up over a mean period of 40 months, 4 patients had discontinued
      therapy because of poor therapeutic response and 1 because of nausea. Eleven of
      the 12 patients still taking azathioprine had maintained their initial beneficial
      response or showed further improvement. Adverse side effects during the follow-up
      period were minor. They included nausea in 1 patient and leukopenia with
      thrombocytopenia in another. An increased incidence of chromosomal abnormalities
      was detected in those patients still receiving azathioprine.

PMID- 1090298
TI  - The action of bacterial cytidine deaminase on 5,6-dihydrocytidine.
AB  - Cytidine deaminase from Escherichia coli was found to catalyze the hydrolytic
      deamination of 5,6-dihydrocytidine, at a rate slightly lower than its rate of
      action on the normal substrate. The results suggest that nucleophilic addition by
      the enzyme at the 5,6 position of the substrate is not an essential part of
      catalysis, unless the active site is so flexible that deamination can occur with
      addition in one case (cytidine) and without addition in another case (5,6
      dihydrocytidine). 3,4,5,6-Tetrahydrouridine bears a close structural resemblance
      to a hypothetical "tetrahedral" intermediate formed by direct water addition to
      5,6-dihydrocytidine. The hydrolytic activity of the enzyme toward 5,6
      dihydrocytidine and its potent inhibition by 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrouridine are
      presumably related by the ability of the active site to stabilize structures of
      this kind by tight binding. Cytidine deaminase shows no detectable activity as a
      catalyst for the dehydration of 6-hydroxy-5,6-dihydrouridine.

PMID- 1090299
TI  - DNA-protein interactions of the rat liver non-histone chromosomal protein.
AB  - Native rat liver NHC protein-DNA interactions have been investigated by use of a
      nitrocellulose filter assay sensitive in detection of protein-DNA complexes.
      Optimal conditions for DNA-protein interactions occurs at low ionic strength
      conditions (110 mM phosphate buffer). A fraction of NHC proteins was enriched 25
      fold by their affinity for rat DNA immobilized on cellulose columns under these
      conditions. At higher ionic strength (260 mM-0.04M phosphate buffer and 0.15 M
      sodium chloride), this fraction binds approximately sevenfold less to rat DNA but
      with a substantial increase in stability of the complexes. Equilibrium
      competition experiments indicate that at the higher ionic strength there is a
      considerable DNA sequence specificity of the rat DNA binding NHC protein. Since
      rat DNA contains three components as defined by their reassociation kinetics:
      single copy DNA (C0t1/2pure = 1.6 times 103); middle repetitive DNA (C0t1?1PURE =
      1.1); and highly repetitive (C0t1/2pure smaller than 0.02). The two former were
      isolated and employed in the DNA binding assays. At the high ionic strength
      criterion, the rat DNA binding NHC proteins showed a substantial preference for a
      subset of middle repetitive DNA sequences. This suggests a preferential
      interaction between a class of NHC proteins and a class of middle repetitive DNA
      sequences.

PMID- 1090300
TI  - Stepwise enzymatic oligoribonucleotide synthesis including modified nucleotides.
AB  - A method has been developed for the routine synthesis of 2'(3')-o-monoacyl
      ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates for stepwise synthesis of oligoribonucleotides
      with Escherichia coli polynucleotide phosphorylase. The use of triethyl
      orthoisovalerate allows the facile preparation of 2'(3')-o-isovaleryl-UDP, -CDP, 
      ADP, -GDP, -IDP, -EPLISON-APD, eplison-CDP, and N6-isopentenyl-ADP. The synthesis
      of N6-isopentenyl-ADP from ADP by N1-alkylation and the Dimroth rearrangement to
      N6 is reported. The effects of several factors including the nature of the
      divalent cation, pH, SALT CONCENTRATION, AND TIME ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE
      POLYNUCLEOTIDE PHPSPHORYLASE CATALYZED SINGLE ADDITIONS OF THE 2'(3')-O
      ISOVALERYL RIBONUCLEOSIDE 5'-DIPHOSPHATES TO AN OLIGORIBONUCLEOTIDE PRIMER ARE
      REPORTED. The syntheses of many tetranucleoside triphosphates and two
      pentanucleoside tetraphosphates in yields of 20-75 per cent are reported. The
      2'(3')-o-isovaleryl derivatives of IDP, eplison-ADP, eplison-CDP, and N6
      isopentenyl-ADP were all accepted by polynucleotide phosphorylase as substrates
      for the monoaddition reaction. The extension of the method to include the
      syntheses of oligoribonucleotides containing modified nucleosides offers a means
      of studying the role s of these modification by the use of relatively simple
      model compounds.

PMID- 1090301
TI  - A permeable cell system for studying DNA replication in synchronized HeLa cells.
AB  - Treatment of HeLa cells with a hypotonic buffer solution makes them permeable to
      nucleotides. Cells which are in S-phase at the time of treatment continue to
      synthesize DNA when supplied with the four deoxyriboside triphosphates, ATP,
      Mg2+, and the proper ionic environment. DNA replication extends from sites which
      were active in the cells prior to treatment. The product is confined to the
      nucleus and is sensitive to deoxyribonuclease. Under optimum conditions, up to 5%
      of the HeLa genome can be replicated from exogenous nucleotides. In synchronized
      cultures the level of DNA replicase activity, as measured in permeable cells at
      different points in the cell cycle, correlates with the rate of [14C] thymidine
      incorporation measured in the living, untreated cells.

PMID- 1090302
TI  - Polypeptides of a glycoprotein antigen (SF) present in serum and surface of
      normal but not of transformed chicken fibroblasts.
AB  - A protein immunologically identical to a glycoprotein antigen from fibroblast
      plasma membrane (SF antigen complex) is present in chicken serum. This antigen
      disappears from cells transformed with tumor viruses. The antigen solubilized
      from fibroblasts using urea and detergents, and the serum component both gave a
      molecular weight of about 2-10(5) as estimated by gel filtration on Sepharose 4B.
      Ultracentrifugation in 5-20% sucrose gradients gave a value of 7-8 S for the
      antigen from both sources. Isolation of antigen from serum and fibroblasts
      extracts was achieved using immunochemical techniques. Analysis of the
      polypeptide chains of the cellular antigen by electrophoresis in the presence of
      sodium dodecylsulphate, disclosed three major components at molecular weights 210
      000 and 145 000 and 45 000. The two high molecular weight bands were identified
      in electrophoretograms of whole cell extracts by absorption to and subsequent
      elution from immunoadsorbents. The 45 000-molecular weight components comigrated
      with purified actin in electrophoresis. After short pulses of (35S) methionine
      the high molecular weight polypeptides, the 145 000-molecular weight component in
      particular, were among the most prominent radioactive bands from whole cell
      extracts indicating that SF antigen has a rapid turn-over. The antigen isolated
      from serum showed a polypeptide composition similar to the one from cells except
      the 45 000-molecular weight component was not detectable.

PMID- 1090303
TI  - Polynucleotides. XXVIII. Stimulation of the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to
      ribosomes by tri- and polynucleotide analogs.
AB  - Messenger activity of synthetic tri- and polynucleotide analogs was studied by
      binding of 14C-labeled aminoacyl-tRNAs to ribosomes in the presence of the
      analogs. Synthetic messengers used were: poly(A) analogs in which adenosine was
      replaced by tubercidine (I), 3-deazaadenosine (II), 1-deazaadenosine (III) and 2
      methyladenosine (IV); copolymers of adenosine and aristeromycin (V); cyclic
      triadenylate (VI); the heptanucleotide of 6,2'-O-cyclouridine (VII); the
      pentanucleotide of 8,2'-S-cycloadenosine (VIIIa); A-U-G analogs in which
      adenosine was replaced by 8,2'-O- and S-cycloadenosine (VIII), 8,5'-O- and S
      cycloadenosine (IX); 8-oxyadenosine (x); 8-bromoadenosine (XI) and formycine
      (XII). Among these oligo- and polynucleotides, analogs which contained
      nucleotides of anti conformation having appropriate bases for Watson-Crick type
      hydrogen bonding stimulated the binding of corresponding tRNAs to ribosomes.

PMID- 1090304
TI  - Steffimycin B, a DNA binding agent.
AB  - The antibiotic steffimycin B binds to double-stranded DNA as evidenced by
      difference spectroscopy and an increase of the thermal stability of DNA in the
      presence of the antibiotic. Salmon sperm DNA-steffimycin B complexes show a
      drastic decrease in template activity for Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I but
      not for DNA-idrected RNA polymerase. The differences in template properties of
      poly[d(A-T)] and poly (dG) - poly(dC)-antibiotic complexes,respectively, for DNA
      polymerase I and RNA polymerase suggest that the antibiotic interacts primarily
      with adenine or thymine bases or both in double-stranded DNA.

PMID- 1090305
TI  - Regulation of RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli. III. Degradation of guanosine 5'
      diphosphate 3'-diphosphate in cold-shocked cells.
AB  - Cold-shocked cells of Escherichia coli can degrade intracellularly accumulated
      guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp). The rate of ppGpp degradation is
      governed, as in whole cells, by the spoT gene; a rapid breakdown reaction is
      associated with the presence of the spoT+ allele and at least a five-fold slower
      decay occurs in spoT-minus mutants. The two degradation reactions in shocked
      cells display the following similarities: (i) the rates of degradation are
      equivalent to whole cell estimates, (ii) both require a full complement of
      activated amino acids, (iii) both are dependent upon supplements in the reaction
      mixture which stimulate the availability of energy-rich compounds and (iv)
      neither is inhibited by concentrations of ribosomal antibiotics which severely
      restrict protein synthesis. Apart from characteristic rate  differences, decay of
      ppGpp in shocked cells derived from spoT-minus strains is discerned from spoT+
      mediated decay in shocked cells by sensitivity to high concentrations of
      tetracycline and by manganese ion dependence.

PMID- 1090306
TI  - [Morphology of the proximal portion of the sexual apparatus of Stylommatophora
      (Gastropoda, Pulmonata)].

PMID- 1090307
TI  - [Biomedical engineering, Why--how--to what purpose?].

PMID- 1090308
TI  - [SMAC sequentia multiple analyzer with integrated computer (author's transl)].

PMID- 1090309
TI  - [In the memory of Prof. Dr. Boris Rajewsky].

PMID- 1090310
TI  - Selection of patients for bone marrow transplantation in severe aplastic anemia.
AB  - Despite androgens and intensive supportive care, satisfactory survival in severe
      aplastic anemia remains at 20% or less. Histocompatible bone marrow
      transplantation can restore normal hematopoiesis in approximately 40% of
      similarly severe individuals. Delay of transplantation for 3 wk after diagnosis
      allows time for proper evaluation and for many spontaneous recoveries. Further
      delay increases risks of fatal complications and decreases chances for successful
      transplantation while the incidence of spontaneous remission declines. When
      available, early histocompatible bone marrow transplantation may be the treatment
      of choice for severe aplastic anemia.

PMID- 1090311
TI  - Culture of autologous bone marrow in diffusion chambers: effect of host
      irradiation.
AB  - Autologous bone marrow (BM) cells were cultured in diffusion chambers (DC)
      implanted into whole-body irradiated, non-irradiated, or sham-irradiated goats.
      Proliferation was apparent in DC implanted in both irradiated and nonirradiated
      goats. However, cells in DC cultured in irradiated hosts increased in number
      beginning earlier, proceeded at a faster rate, and reached higher numbers than in
      DC in nonirradiated hosts. Growth enhancement could not have occurred as a result
      of radiation-induced immunosuppression in autologous hosts. The nonirradiated
      "target cells" in the DC therefore constituted an indicator system for
      stimulatory or inhibitory substances in the host. The simultaneous increase in
      the number of granulocytes in peripheral blood and in DC of irradiated hosts was
      paralleled by an initial rise in serum colony-stimulating factor (CSF). A second,
      prolonged period of severe granulocytopenia following irradiation of the host
      correlated with high levels of serum CSF. Increased numbers of megakaryocytes
      were seen in DC as thrombocytopenia developed in the irradiated host. DC
      erythropoiesis disappeared rapidly in nonirradiated goats; however, in DC of
      irradiated goats, the number of erythrocytic precursors increased exponentially
      during ablation of host erythroid marrow. Anemia did not develop in the host
      during the culture period. Proliferation of mononuclear cells in DC was markedly
      stimulated by irradiation of the host. Proliferation of macrophages appeared
      independent of host treatment. These observations provide strong evidence for
      diffusion of specific and/or nonspecific humoral hematopoietic stimulators from
      the host into the DC. This stimulation appears to be elicited and/or intensified
      by irradiation of the host.

PMID- 1090312
TI  - Inhibition of intravascular fibrin deposition by dipyridamole in experimental
      animals.
AB  - Intravascular fibrin deposition was induced in rabbits by endotoxin, the infusion
      of fibrin monomer (FM), and by the infusion of thrombin and EACA. A previously
      developed radioisotope technique was used to measure the fibrin deposits in
      various organs. Dipyridamole treatment of rabbits caused significant inhibition
      of fibrin deposition in all three experimental models. The drug also inhibited
      platelet consumption and, in the thrombin- and EACA-infused animals, fibrinogen
      consumption as well. The results obtained with dipyridamole were compared with
      the effect of thorotrast. It was concluded from this comparison that the effect
      of dipyridamole could not be attributed to inhibition of the reticuloendothelial
      system. It is postulated that dipyridamole inhibits the final step at which
      soluble FM is precipitated as fibrin in vivo.

PMID- 1090313
TI  - Separation of rosette-forming cells with the aid of an immunosorbent based on
      sephadex G-25 and G-75.
AB  - A method of separating rosette-forming cells on columns with an immunosorbent
      based on sephadex G-75 is described and has been tested. The protein antigen
      (bovine serum albumin-BSA) is attatched by covalent bonds to the surface of the
      Sephadex granules oxidized by sodium periodate. Cells with receptors on their
      surface were tested by the rosette method. Up to 88% of the rosette-forming cells
      were retained on a column packed with BSA-Sephadex granules. Nonspecific
      retention of the cells was relatively small, about 4%.

PMID- 1090314
TI  - Social policy issues: an explanation of the composition, nature, and functions of
      the present health sector of the United States.

PMID- 1090315
TI  - Breaking the barriers to prevention: legislative approaches.

PMID- 1090316
TI  - Contemporary perspectives on prevention.

PMID- 1090317
TI  - Historical evolution of primary prevention.

PMID- 1090318
TI  - A comparison of one layer and two layer techniques for colorectal anastomosis.
AB  - In a randomized prospective clinical trial and layer and two layer techniques
      have been compared in 92 patients undergoing colorectal anastomosis. The results
      were assessed radiologically by barium studies on the tenth postoperative day.
      There was no significant difference in the incidence of anastomotic breakdown
      with either technique when the anastomosis was performed above the pelvic
      peritoneal reflection. When the anastomosis was situated below the pelvic
      peritoneum the incidence of dehiscence was significantly greater when a two layer
      technique was used.

PMID- 1090319
TI  - Cervical spinal interbody fusion with Kiel bone.
AB  - Experience with the use of the Kiel bone graft in anterior cervical interbody
      fusion in cervical spondylosis is reported. The survey reviews the results of
      operations on 73 disc spaces in 65 consecutive patients, from 2  to 5 years after
      the operation. We have failed to confirm that any bony fusion in the true sense
      occurs with Kiel bone in anterior cervical interbody fusion. However, the aims of
      the operations are achieved, namely removal of the disc and osteophyte, fixation
      of the spine to prevent compression of the neural tissues, distraction of the
      adjacent vertebral bodies providing increased room in the intervertebral foramina
      and stability of the spine.

PMID- 1090320
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of revisional surgery for vasomotor dumping on kinin release.

PMID- 1090321
TI  - Proceedings: Nature of cells removed from rejecting rat cardiac allografts;.

PMID- 1090322
TI  - Proceedings: Preservation of isolated pancreatic islets.

PMID- 1090323
TI  - Proceedings: Evidence of gentamicin nephrotoxicity in patients with renal
      allografts.

PMID- 1090324
TI  - Proceedings: Low dose heparin prophylaxis against pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1090325
TI  - Proceedings: The effect of highly selective vagotomy and truncal vagotomy with
      pyloroplasty on gastric emptying of solid food in man.

PMID- 1090326
TI  - Proceedings: Insulin response to carbohydrate infusions in surgical patients.

PMID- 1090327
TI  - IgE antibodies to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Housedust mite), Aspergillus
      fumigatus, and beta-lactoglobulin in sudden infant death syndrome.
AB  - The prevalence of serum IgE antibodies to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (house
      dust mite), Aspergillus fumigatus, and bovine beta-lactoglobulin was
      significantly greater in cases of sudden infancy death (S.I.D.) than in a control
      group of infants of the same age range. This difference was most pronounced with
      D. pteronyssinus antibodies, which suggests that hypersensitivity to house-dust
      mite may be a factor in the aetiology of S.I.D. in Western Australia. Both the
      S.I.D. and control infants had similar serum concentrations of immunoglobulins G,
      M, and E but IgA levels were significantly higher in the control group.

PMID- 1090328
TI  - The Otago Medical School, 1875-1975.

PMID- 1090330
TI  - Letter: Unexplained fever.

PMID- 1090329
TI  - Effects of ambulance transport in critically ill patients.
AB  - Two groups of critically ill patients were transferred by ambulance from other
      hospitals to a central intensive therapy unit. The effect of transport was
      reviewed retrospectively in 46 patients and prospectively in 20 patients. Of the
      46 patients reviewed retrospectively six became hypotensive, six became
      hypertensive, and seven developed delayed hypotension. One patient developed fits
      and six out of 13 patients had a rise in arterial PCO-2 of 1-6-4-1 kPa (12-31 mm
      Hg). Of the 20 patients reviewed prospectively, one patient became hypertensive
      due to overtransfusion, one had a fit, but none became hypotensive. Three out of
      four cases of delayed hypotension were related to starting intermittent positive
      pressure ventilation. Arterial PCO-2 fell in one patient and arterial PCO-2 rose
      in two, each change being related to changed oxygen therapy or narcotics. There
      were no changes in other cardiovascular or respiratory indices, body temperature,
      or urine production. Earlier transfer, resuscitation before transfer, continuing
      medical care during the journey, and hence a slower smoother journey seemed to be
      important factors in the management of these patients. Our findings, may have
      important implications in the future regional organization of the care of
      critically ill patients.

PMID- 1090331
TI  - Letter: Drugs for rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1090332
TI  - J.P. Heron T.D., M.CH.ORTH., F.R.C.S.ED.

PMID- 1090333
TI  - K. Fawssett M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., D.O.M.S.

PMID- 1090334
TI  - R.A. Q. O'Meara, D.SC., M.D., F.R.C.P.I., D.P.H.

PMID- 1090335
TI  - Editorial: Antenatal diagnosis of spina bifida.

PMID- 1090336
TI  - Immune complexes in cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Circulating immune complexes were detected in serum and sputum of patients with
      cystic fibrosis (C.F.). There were extensive deposits of immunoglobulins and
      complement immune complexes in several of the C.F. organs, especially the
      respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, but not in the kidneys. Significant
      concentrations of IgG and of complement complexes could be eluted from the lungs
      of the C.F. patients but not from those of controls. Studies involving
      immunoabsorption, autoradiography, and molecular sieving through Sephadex G-200
      columns identified both bovine serum albumin and staphylococcal alpha-haemolysin
      as two of the antigens present in the immune complexes. The sedimentation
      constant of the immune complexes was about 8S to 11S. The clinical significance
      of these immune complexes and the wide variety of antibodies detected in C.F.
      patients are discussed.

PMID- 1090337
TI  - Comparison of aerosol ipratropium bromide and salbutamol in chronic bronchitis
      and asthma.
AB  - The effects of inhaling 200 mu g of salbutamol were compared with those of
      inhaling 40 mu g of ipratropium bromide singly and in combination with salbutamol
      in eight patients with bronchitis and eight asthmatic patients in a double-blind
      controlled trial. Changes in airways resistance were assessed by measuring the
      forced expiratory volume in 1 second and specific airways conductance. Both drugs
      were significantly better in relieving airways obstruction than placebo.
      Salbutamol was significantly more effective than ipratropium bromide in patients
      with asthma, but in the patients with bronchitis there was no significant
      difference between salbutamol and ipratropium bromide. The combination of the two
      drugs produced a slightly greater and longer response than either drug alone but
      this was not significant.

PMID- 1090339
TI  - Letter: Shortage of organs for transplantation.

PMID- 1090338
TI  - Diseases causing end-stage renal failure in New South Wales.
AB  - The nature of the original renal disease was determined in 403 consecutive cases
      of end-stage renal failure, in 317 of which the clinical diagnosis was
      corroborated by histological examination of the kidney. Five diseases accounted
      for 20 or more cases--glomerulonephritis (31% of the total), analgesic
      nephropathy (29%), primary vesicoureteral reflux (8%), essential hypertension
      (6%), and polycystic kidneys (5%). In only four cases did renal failure result
      from chronic pyelonephritis without a demonstrable primary cause. Greater use of
      micturating cystography and cystoscopy and routine urine testing for salicylate
      are advocated for earlier diagnosis of the major causes of "pyelonephritis". The
      incidence of end-stage renal failure in people aged 15-55 in New South Wales was
      estimated to be at least 34 new cases per million of total population each year.

PMID- 1090340
TI  - [History of the society of medical students in bratislava. 6. solving of the
      nationalism problems].

PMID- 1090341
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Nikolaj Nikolajevic Litvinov].

PMID- 1090342
TI  - [70th birthday of academician Jan Cervenansky].

PMID- 1090343
TI  - [Rofenid in the treatment of coxarthrosis. Double-blind study].

PMID- 1090344
TI  - [Association Royale de la Presse Medicale Belge. History].

PMID- 1090345
TI  - [J. Snoeck (1900-1974)].

PMID- 1090346
TI  - Antibacterial properties of a peroxidogenic strain of Streptococcus mitior
      (mitis).

PMID- 1090347
TI  - Inhibition and amplification of the radiation-induced degradation of DNA in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The degradation of DNA in a repair-proficient strain (B/r) and in two repair
      defective strains (Bs-1 and pol A) of Escherichia coli was studied in the
      presence and absence of three metabolic inhibitors after exposure of the cells to
      X-radiation. The radiation-induced degradation of DNA was dependent on energy
      production in freshly harvested log-phase cells and was closely related to the
      repair capacity of the cells. A different system, probably involving nonspecific
      deoxyribonucleases acting at radiation-induced strand breaks, appeared to be
      responsible for the degradative processes in stationary-phase cells or in log
      phase cells which had been aged by standing in buffered saline for 2 days before
      irradiation. The three inhibitors tested (caffeine, rifampin, and carbonyl
      cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone) were all found to inhibit partially the
      radiation-induced degradation of DNA in E. coli cells. Under other conditions,
      the same three compounds amplified the degradative process. The data suggested
      that the amplification was due to a selective inhibition of repair processes. The
      degradative processes which were stimulated by X-radiation of E. coli cells show
      many parallels to those which are evoked by phleomycin or colicine.

PMID- 1090348
TI  - The ecological significance of sinking to planktonic bacteria.
AB  - Morphological and density measurements were made on planktonic bacteria from a
      subalpine lake. The observations were then used to predict in situ sinking rates
      from certain theoretical considerations. The predicted rates agreed well with
      observed sinking rates (on the order of 1 mm day-1). A simple analysis showed
      that sinking terms can be neglected in explaining distributions of unattached
      bacteria, except perhaps in relation to the presence of "bacterial plates."

PMID- 1090349
TI  - Lysosomes and the "toxicity" of Rickettsias. VI. In vivo response of mouse
      peritoneal phagocytes to L-cell-grown Chlamydia psittaci 6BC strain.
AB  - The L-cell-grown 6BC strain of C. psittaci inoculated intraperitoneally in mice
      induced an injurious effect on mononuclear phagocytes and their lysosomes; the
      influx of polymorphonuclear phagocytes (PMN's) increased markedly and the PMN's
      showed karyorrhexis and lysis. Cytochemical methods failed to detect chlamydial
      forms in peritoneal fluids from day 1 and up to 6 days after inoculation of mice.
      Chlamydial infectivity was not detected in either the cell-bound or the cell-free
      fractions of peritoneal cells from 6 h up to 6 days after inoculation of mice. In
      contrast, after infection of mice with the egg-grown 6BC strain, readily
      identifiable multiplication of the parasites occurred from 4 days after
      inoculation of mice; the lysosomes of macrophages were refractory to egg-grown
      6CB particles that were initially ingested and the macrophages were
      nonspecifically "activated." Some of these "transformed" into large epitheloid
      cells containing numerous chlamydial inclusions in the cytoplasm. That lysosomes
      of "professional phagocytes" play a role in the "toxic" effect of virulent
      chlamydiae in the intact host is discussed.

PMID- 1090350
TI  - A morphological study of anaerobic bacteria from the hypolimnia of two Michigan
      lakes.
AB  - Dense populations of anaerobic bacteria were found sequentially layered below the
      thermocline in two eutrophic lakes in southwest Michigan. Phase and electron
      microscopy of whole cells and thin sections were used to reveal the in situ
      morphology of the dominant members of the community. The predominant chlorophyll
      containing bacteria were identified on the basis of their morphology to be
      members of the genera Pelodictyon, Prosthecochloris, Clathrochloris,
      Chlorochromatium, Pelochromatium, Thiopedia, Thiocystis, Thiospirillum, and
      Chromatium. The natural morphology of these organisms is described and compared
      with the morphology of reported isolates, the morphology of unisolated genera was
      compared with previous descriptions of natural samples. Most of the organisms
      near the sediment-water interface and two from the upper hypolimnion have not
      been previously described. They have been divided into six distinct groups based
      on morphology; the morphological features of each group are presented. This
      approach, based on the morphological uniqueness of the procaryotes present,
      provides a satisfactory method for grouping members of the hypolimnetic community
      for ecological studies.

PMID- 1090351
TI  - The structure of anaerobic bacterial communities in the hypolimnia of several
      Michigan lakes.
AB  - The structure of bacterial communities, the distribution of sulfide and oxygen,
      bacteriochlorophyll concentrations, and the temperature profile were determined
      for the anaerobic hypolimnia of two lakes in southern Michigan. Information from
      these studies, plus  qualitative observations of two other lakes and two ponds
      over a 4-year period were used to correlate the spatial distribution of the
      populations, cell size, arrangement of photosynthetic vesicles or lamellae,
      presence of gas vacuoles or flagella, sulfur deposition, and environmental
      factors. On the basis of these results, three communities designated as A, B, and
      C were defined. The upper (A) community consisted of sequentially layered purple
      sulfur bacteria including two or more of the following genera: Thiopedia,
      Thiospirillum, Thiocystis, or Chromatium. The middle (B) community consisted of
      sequential layers of green bacteria from one or more of the following genera:
      Pelodictyon, Clathrochloris, Chlorochromatium, or Prosthecochloris. The lowest
      (C)community contained previously unreported gas-vacuolate colorless bacteria 0
      to 0.7 m above the sediment. Microstratification (0.1- to 0.2-m layers) of
      populations was observed within the A and B communities.

PMID- 1090352
TI  - Effect of chlorpromazine on the respiration and hexose monophosphate
      dehydrogenases of gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - The drug chlorpromazine inhibits respiration in several gram-negative bacteria.
      The enzymes glucose-6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate
      dehydrogenase from these microorganisms are not affected by the drug.

PMID- 1090353
TI  - Frederick Gordon Kergin 1907-1974.

PMID- 1090354
TI  - Some aspects of wound healing research: a review.
AB  - Mammalian response to injury essentially is that of tissue repair and re
      epithelialization. The most important component of repair tissue is collagen, and
      after injury collagen turnover is greatly increased. Collagen biosynthesis is
      initiated by nuclear DNA of fibroblasts; the steps in biosynthesis are complex
      but studies of collagen biosynthesis may eventually have clinical potential.
      Normally, wound healing lasts for up to 2 years but nutritional and metabolic
      factors, such as malnutrition, delay healing; hyperalimentation would likely be
      beneficial under these conditions. Other factors that influence wound healing are
      the oxygen tension in tissues, the hemodynamic status, and the effects of
      substances such as cortisone, vitamins A and C, and zinc.

PMID- 1090355
TI  - Glimpses of surgical history: B for blood transfusion.

PMID- 1090356
TI  - Sun Yat-sen: from medicine to revolution.

PMID- 1090357
TI  - Paying the doctor: the three-layered cake revisited.

PMID- 1090358
TI  - A double-blind comparison of intensive course 5-flourouracil by oral vs.
      intravenous route in the treatment of colorectal carcinoma.
AB  - This radomized double-blind study was designed to compare the therapeutic
      effectiveness of the oral and i.v. routes for 5-FU administered in intensive
      courses to 100 patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the large bowel,
      treated to equivalent levels of toxicity. An oral dose of 20 mg/kg day times 5
      was found to produce comparable G.I., mucocutaneous, and hematologic side effects
      to a dose of 13.5 mg/kg day times 5 by rapid i.v. injection. Courses were
      repeated at 5 weeks. Nine of 47, or 19.1%, treated by the oral route have shown
      objective response, compared to 14 of 53, or 26%, treated by the i.v. route. If
      malignant hepatomegaly is considered alone, the response rates are 8 of 23, or
      34.8%, by the oral route, and 7 of 22, or 31.8%, by the i.v. route. The mean
      duration of response for the oral group, 11.1 weeks, was shorter than for the
      i.v. route, 20 weeks, a statistically significant (p less than 0.02) difference.
      Serial serum 5-FU levels after two doses of 5-FU were determined by
      microbiological assay in 19 patients. For i.v. administration the curves were
      comparable among different patients as well as in the same patient. There was
      striking variability, however, for oral administration.

PMID- 1090359
TI  - Long-term remission in diffuse histiocytic lymphoma treated with combination
      sequential chemotherapy.
AB  - Seventeen patients with Stage III or IV reticulum cell sarcoma were treated with
      three cycles of a 5-drug regimen between February, 1969 and December, 1970. Of
      the 17 patients, 9 attained a complete remission and 6 had a parital remission; 2
      were considered unevaluable. Recently, the original biopsies from these patients
      were reclassified according to the criteria of rappaport et al. The results were:
      diffuse histiocytic--8; nodular histiocytic--2; diffuse mixed--2; nodular mixed-
      3; diffuse lymphocytic poorly differentiated--1; nodular lymphocytic poorly
      differentiated--1. Of the 8 patients with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma 6 attained
      complete remission, 1 had a partial remission, and 1 was unevaluable. One of the
      6 with complete remission relapsed at 7 months and died 2 months later. However,
      the other 5 are alive and in continued unmaintained remission for 55 to 65
      months.

PMID- 1090360
TI  - Feminizing interstitial cell tumor of the testis: personal observations and a
      review of the literature.
AB  - A 28-year-old man with evidence of feminization was demonstrated after 4 years of
      investigation to have a estrogen-secreting interstitial cell tumor. Such
      feminizing neoplasms are uncommon, only 37 having been described. They are
      usually benign and are characterized by gynecomastia, a testicular mass and, with
      lesser frequency, by decreased libido and potency and poor semen quality. The
      urinary excretion and plasma levels of estrogen are increased and, by selective
      testicular catheterization, the site of increased estrogen production can be
      localized. Secondary histologic changes occur in the nontumorous portions of the
      testis as well as in the contralateral testis; they are most marked in the area
      immediately adjacent to the tumor. Postoperatively, the gynecomastia regresses,
      the excessive levels of estrogen return to normal, libido improves, and the sperm
      count increases to normal.

PMID- 1090361
TI  - Impact of the National Cancer Act on grant support.
AB  - The National Cancer Act of 1971 resulted in a threefold increase in
      appropriations for the National Cancer Institute (NCI) within a 4-year period. A
      major effect was the increase for the Grants Program from +93 million in fiscal
      year 1970 to more than +280 million in 1974. Grant programs, administered by the
      Division of Cancer Research Resources and Centers, account for more than 50% of
      the total NCI extramural research budget and fall into four broad categories:
      research, training (including fellowships), cancer control, and construction.
      With the exception of the training area, funding for all grant programs has
      increased dramatically as a result of the Act. The ocst of research has also
      risen, as reflected in the average twofold increase in cost per NCI traditional
      grant over the past 10 years. This rise in cost is due to a number of factors,
      including inflation, more sophisticated equipment and supplies and, in some
      cases, more ambitious projects. The principal type of research grants include
      traditional awarded for investigator-initiated research projects, and center,
      awarded for comprehensive and specialized cancer centers. While support for
      traditional grants has remained in the forefront of NCI funding, money for cancer
      center grants has increased at a greater rate in recent years, reflecting
      emphasis on the development of cancer centers throughout the country. Compared to
      other institutes at the NIH, NCI is in a very favorable funding position; in
      fiscal year 1974 NCI awarded more money for its research grant programs than all
      of the other institutes (with the exception of the National Heart and Lung
      Institue) obligated for their entire budgets. The Act has stimulated a large
      increase in new cancer applications received, and the increased funding has made
      it possible for NCI to award a greater number of grants. Young investigators have
      competed well for the additional monies made available by the Act and funding for
      cancer research outside the United States, still only a small part of NCI's
      budget, has increased.

PMID- 1090362
TI  - Quantitation of cell shedding into efferent blood of mammary adenocarcinoma.
AB  - The rate of tumor cell shedding into efferent tumor blood was measured in growing
      and regressing MTW9 rat mammary carcinomas. The hormone-dependent tumor, grown as
      an 'isoession was induced by reduction of mammotropin level in the host. Tumor
      cells were differentiated from normal leukocytes by indirect immunofluorescence.
      Growing tumors shed 3.2 x 10-6 and regressing tumors shed 4.1 x 10-6 cells per 24
      hr per g tissue. Cell shedding rates of growing versus regressing tumors were not
      siginificantly different over a tumor size range of  2 to 4 g. The number of
      tumor cells in the arterial blood was 12-fold smaller than in the efferent tumor
      blood. It is concluded that: (ay cell shedding via blod probably plays only a
      minor role in the total cell loss by gtowing MTW9 carinomas; (b) hormone-induced
      tumor regression does not depend on increased cell shedding; (c) tumor cells are
      rapidly cleared from circulating blood; and (d) a 2-g MTW9 carcinoma pours enough
      cells into the host circulation to transplant the tumor every 24 hr.

PMID- 1090363
TI  - In vitro metabolism and microsome-mediated mutagenicity of dialkylnitrosamines in
      rat, hamster, and mouse tissues.
AB  - Rates of conversion of 14C-labeled dimethyl-and diethylnitrosamine by rat and
      hamster tissue slices to 14CO2 and/or into mutagenic reactants were measured
      using Salmonella typhimurium G-46 r TA 1530 and fortified tissue fractions in
      vitro. A correlation between the CO2 production from dimethyl- or
      diethylnitrosamine in liver or lung and the organ distribution of induced tumors
      in vivo was observed. As an exception, hamster lung, which is a major target
      organ in diethylnitrosamine carcinogenesis, did not convert this nitrosamine into
      metabolites mutagenic for S. typhimurium TA 1530 although the 14CO2 production in
      vitro was even higher than in hamster liver. The effect of pretreating rats,
      hamsters, and mice with phenobarbitone on the mutation frequency produced by
      dimethyl-or diethylnitrosamine in in vitro assays was determined. The
      relationship between the site of metabolic activation, mutagenicity, and
      carcinogenicity of the dialkylnitrosamines and the effect of enzyme inducers are
      discussed.

PMID- 1090364
TI  - Treatment of runting syndrome and prevention of primary lymphomas in friend virus
      tolerant rats.
AB  - A series of experiments showed that the inoculation of spleen and lymph node
      cells from rats immunized with Friend lymphoma (WFT-13) CELLS INTO Friend virus
      tolerant rats induced the runting syndrome in nearly all cases, and immunological
      tolerance to WFT-13 was not broken in any survivors. However, th inoculation of
      specific immune spleen and lymph node cells admixed with normal bone marrow cells
      suppressed the runting death. In addition, in these animals the primary lymphomas
      that ordinarily occur about 200 days after neonatal inoculation of Friend virus
      did not appear. The mixture of immune spleen and lymph node cells and normal
      spleen and lymph node cells or normal thymus cells was ineffective in preventing
      the runting death or the incidence of primary lymphoma. Spleen and lymph node
      cells from normal rats or rats immunized with antigenically different AH-66 cells
      were also without effect. Spleen and lymph node cells from rats immunized with
      sheep red blood cells had a relatively high incidence of the runting syndrome; a
      few survivors rejected the WFT-13 transplants and also did not develop primary
      lymphomas. These results suggest that a supplement of hematopoietic stem cells
      from bone marrow eill not only prevent the runting death of Friend virus-tolerant
      rats produced by inoculating immune lymphoid cells but will also prevent the
      expected occurrence of primary lymphomas.

PMID- 1090365
TI  - Epithelial and muscle antigens in benign cystic teratomas of ovary.
AB  - Thirty beign cystic teratomas of the ovary were studied by immunofluroesecence,
      using specific human antisera for (a) squamous epithelial intercellular areas
      (pemphigus sera), (b) squamous epithelial basement membranes (bullous pemphigoid
      sera), (c) smooth muscle (chronic active hepatitis sera, and (d) striated muscle
      (thymona sera). Squamous epithelial intercellular staining was seen in all
      specimens and was present in the basal cell layers as well as in the prickle cell
      layers, suggesting a slow regeneration rate for the squamous epithelial lining of
      these tumors. Well-formed basement membranes were identified at the periphery of
      all squamous epithelial structures. Smooth muscle was found in 73% of the
      neoplasms, and the immunoflurorescent findings correlated with light microscopy.
      No skeletal muscle components were identified. Within the limits of the
      antibodies used and the antigens detected, these resutlts support the concept
      that benign ovarian cystic teratomas are composed of mature, heterotopic tissue
      elements.

PMID- 1090366
TI  - Selection for high immunogenicity in drug-resistant sublines of murine lymphomas
      demonstrated by plaque assay.
AB  - The immunogenicity of lymphoma L1210 and three L1210 sublines, resistant to
      methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), 4,4'-diacetyldiphenylurea
      bis(guanylhydrazone), or guanazole (L1210/GZL), respectively, was evaluated.
      Syngeneic DBA/2J mice were given a single i.p. injection of serially diluted
      suspension of irradiated cells from L1210 or L1210 sublines. Five days later
      spleen cells from the immunized mice were tested for the presence of plaque
      forming cells using the immunizing lymphoma cell lines as target. Sera collected
      from the animals were examined for cytolytic antibody activity by lysis in gel
      using the same target cells. For comparison, the H-2 immunogenicity of L1210 and
      its sublines was investigated in H-2-incompatible allogeneic mice. The following
      results were obtained. (a) All the sublines showed increased immunogenicity and
      susceptibility to lysis as compared to L1210 cells. The number of plaque-forming
      cells/spleen ranged from 100 for L1210 to 4450 for L1210/GZL, the most
      immunogenic subline, and the antibody titer ranged from 1/8 for L1210 to 1/128
      for L1210/GZL. (b) All the sublines carried common tumor-associated antigens that
      apparently made primary contributions to the increased immunogenicity. (c) The
      common tumor-associated antigens were also expressed on L1210 cells, although in
      a lesser defree, as evidenced by the definite, albeit low, capacity of L1210
      cells to absorb DBA/2J anti-L1210/GZL antibodies. (d) Spleen and thymus cells of
      DBA/2J mice as well as unrelated murine ascites tumor cells did not cause
      significant absorption of these antibodies. (e) Only a partial inverse
      relationship could be demonstrated between tumor-associated antigens but the
      lowest for H-2. The above results would seem compatible with the hypothesis that
      the increased immunogenicity of drug-resistant L1210 sublines is attributable to
      the selection of preexisting highly immunogenic cells during immunosuppression by
      treatments selecting for drug resistance.

PMID- 1090367
TI  - Comparison of the allospecific and viral-specific immune responses to irradiated
      versus formaldehyde-fixed allogeneic Moloney lymphoma cells in CBA mice.
AB  - Two groups of adult CBA mice were immunized with 10-7 allogeneic Moloney lymphoma
      (YAC) cells. These YAC (H-2a) cells, which were either irradiated with 6000 R
      (Group i) or were formaldehyde fixed (Group II), were injected i.p. at weekly
      intervals for 3 weeks. Four days following the last injection, sera and
      lymphocytes were collected and tested in vitro for activity against either
      allospecific antigens (H-2d target cells) or viral-specific antigens, namely,
      Moloney leukemia virus (MLV). Both groups of animals developed measurable
      cellular and humoral immunity to the virally determined antigens. However, only
      the animals in Group i, immunized with irradiated cells, developed detectable
      immunity to H-2d. Immune and control lymphocytes were tested in microcytotoxicity
      tests and by 51Cr release. Antibody was assessed by complement-dependent
      cytotoxicity, indirect membrane immunofluorescence, virus neutralization, and
      antibody-dependent lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Group I serum, which had both anti
      MLV and anti-H-2 antibodies, was absorbed with either living or formaldehyde
      fixed YAC cells. The living cells were able to remove both H-2 and MLV
      antibodies. On the other hand, the formaldehyde-fixed cells removed no H-2
      antibody but were able to remove MLV antibody, although less efficiently than
      living cells. These data indicate that formaldehyde fixation selectively impaired
      the H-2 antigens, leaving the viral antigenicity relatively intact. Differences
      between the immune responses to MLV-determined antigens and to H-2 antigens were
      demonstrated in many of the parallel in vitro tests.

PMID- 1090368
TI  - Effect of topical acidulated phosphate fluoride on percentage of Streptococcus
      mutans and Streptococcus sanguis in plaque. II. Pooled occulusal and pooled
      approximal samples.

PMID- 1090369
TI  - Calcium glycerophosphate and dental plaque. Clinical pilot study.

PMID- 1090370
TI  - Distribution of dental caries in ancient British populations. III. The 17th
      century.

PMID- 1090371
TI  - Concurrent validity of an epidemiological diagnostic system for caries with the
      histological appearance of extracted teeth as validating criterion.

PMID- 1090372
TI  - [The 30th anniversary of the liberation of CSSR (Czechoslovakia) and its
      importance for the Czechoslovak health service].

PMID- 1090373
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Prof. Niederland].

PMID- 1090374
TI  - [The 50th birthday of B.Vavrejna, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1090375
TI  - Transcription in polytene chromosomes.

PMID- 1090376
TI  - Units of transcription and translation: the relationship between heterogeneous
      nuclear RNA and messenger RNA.

PMID- 1090377
TI  - Biosynthesis of transfer RNA in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1090378
TI  - Studies on precursors of hemolytic plaque-forming cells. Effect of the specific
      removal of natural PFC by erythrocyte-conjugated sepharose beads on the
      responsiveness of depleted spleen cells.

PMID- 1090379
TI  - Secretion of IgM antibodies by glass-adherent fraction of immune mouse spleen
      cells. I. Immunological activity of glass-adherent cells.

PMID- 1090380
TI  - In vivo immune response to TNP hapten coupled to thymus-independent carrier
      lipopolysaccharide.

PMID- 1090381
TI  - RNA extracts of lymphoid cells sensitized to DNP-oligolysines convert
      nonresponder lymphoid cells to responder cells which release migration inhibition
      factor.

PMID- 1090382
TI  - Increased mitogenic reactivity of normal spleen cells to T lectins induced by
      thymus humoral factor (THF).

PMID- 1090383
TI  - Localization of brain-associated hematopoietic antigens in the neuronal fraction
      of brain.

PMID- 1090384
TI  - Survival and activity of congenic and allogeneic thymus cell suspensions in nude
      mice.

PMID- 1090385
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Prof. Ladislav Chmel, D.Sc].

PMID- 1090387
TI  - [The 65th birthday of Assistant Prof. Milos Melichar].

PMID- 1090386
TI  - [Evaluation of treatment of the ulcus cruris].

PMID- 1090388
TI  - [Utilization of fructose and metabolic consequences of fructose supply].

PMID- 1090389
TI  - Intermolecular linking and fragmentation of DNA by beta-propiolactone, a
      monoalkylating carcinogen.
AB  - Brief exposure to beta-propiolactone (BPL) increases the sedimentation rate of
      purified Escherichia coli DNA in neutral and alkaline sucrose gradients. However,
      when electrophoresed in polyacrylamide-agarose gels, this BPL-treated DNA moves
      ahead of the control. Longer incubation with BPL gives rise to two new fractions,
      the first one sedimenting as a heterogeneous material of 6-8S, and the second one
      of very high sedimentation velocity. In acrylamide-agarose gels, the first
      fraction is again recovered in the 6-8S area, while the second fraction does not
      enter the gel at all. The DNA at this stage is hyperchromic in ultraviolet light
      suggesting that as much as 20% may be denaturated. Coliphage lambda DNA treated
      briefly with BPL and spread in a protein monolayer appears under the electron
      microscope as a rigid, extended molecule, up to 15% longer than the control DNA,
      and usually in compact, folded configurations suggesting intramolecular linking.
      After longer exposure, localized denaturation associated with single-strand
      breaks is observed. The single-stranded "whiskers" then interact with other DNA
      molecules, creating highly complex branched networks of single- and multi
      stranded DNA. The possible relevance of these observations to the mechanisms
      involved in carcinogenesis and mutagenesis is considered.

PMID- 1090390
TI  - Red cell carriage of label: its limiting effect on the exchange of materials in
      the liver.
AB  - The red cell membrane is a permeability barrier that limits the equilibration of
      a variety of solutes between red cell and plasma water. We utilized the multiple
      indicator dilution technique to investigate the effect of this barrier on the
      exchange in the liver of a group of tracer substances that are not removed in net
      fashion from the hepatic circulation: thiourea, urea, and chloride. We
      demonstrated that, after preequilibration of the label with red cells, a red cell
      carriage effect appeared (the trapping and translocation of label in the red
      cells), that this effect was most marked when the permeability of the red cell
      was relatively low for the substance under consideration (thiourea), and that the
      effect became small when the permeability of the red cells was large for the
      exchanging substance (urea and chloride). We developed a theoretical description
      of the retarding effect of the red cell permeability barrier on the extravascular
      exchange of label and were able to use this description to obtain estimates of
      the red cell permeability from the in vivo dilution curves. We examined the
      effect of plasma injection, of changing the input in such a fashion that the
      label was not preequilibrated with red cells, and found both experimentally and
      theoretically, that for substances of low permeability the transit time from
      these experiments, if multiplied by the total water flow or solute flux, gave an
      overestimate of both the apparent total volume of distribution and the mass of
      traced material in the system. This last effect is of great importance for the
      practical design of many biological experiments. Reliable volume and mass
      estimates can be made only when the labeled material has been preequilibrated
      with red cells.

PMID- 1090391
TI  - Red cell permeability effect on the mean transit of an indicator transported
      through an organ by red cells and plasma.
AB  - When an indicator that permeates red blood cells with an equilibration time of
      the order of the mean transit time of the indicator through an organ is bolus
      injected solely into the plasma inflow to that organ, the mean transit time of
      the indicator is greater than it is when the indicator is injected
      preequilibrated between the plasma inflow and the red cell inflow. The mean
      transit time for equilibrated entry is in turn greater than that  for indicator
      injected solely into the red cell inflow. A simplified method of calculation of
      this effect is given in the present paper; it requires only a model solution for
      the indicator steady state as distinguished from a more complicated time
      dependent solution. The dependence of the effect on red cell membrane
      permeability allows this permeability to suitable indicators to be deduced. The
      method was applied to existing data on urea and thiourea passage through the dog
      kidney.

PMID- 1090392
TI  - Echocardiographic features of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
AB  - Seven patients, four months to ten years of age, with total anomalous pulmonary
      venous connection (TAPVC) were studied by echocardiography.  The diagnosis was
      confirmed by cardiac catheterization, angiography, and surgery in each.  The
      connection was to the left vertical vein in four patients, to the coronary sinus
      in one, to the inferior vena cava in one, and directly to the right atrium in
      one.  All patients exhibited the echocardiographic criteria of right ventricular
      diastolic volume overload (RVDVO).  In addition, an echo-free space was
      identified dorsal to the posterior wall of the left atrium.  Indocyanine green
      dye studies done in one of the patients provided evidence that this echo-free
      space represents the common pulmonary venous chamber.  The combination of
      echocardiographic evidence of RVDVO and demonstration of an echo-free space
      dorsal to the left atrium is strongly suggestive of TAPVC and should allow an
      early diagnosis in infants with this anomaly.

PMID- 1090393
TI  - Circulatory and metabolic effects of glycerol infusion in patients with recent
      cerebral infarction.
AB  - The effect of intravenous infusion of 10 per cent glycerol on regional cerebral
      blood flow (using hydrogen bolus and Xenon-133 (133Xe) clearance methods) and
      metabolism was investigated in 57 patients with recent cerebral infarction.
      Hemispheric blood flow (HBF) increased, together with increase in regional
      cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and cerebral blood volume (rCBV), in foci of brain
      ischemia. Hemispheric oxygen consumption (HMIO2) decreased together with
      hemispheric respiratory quotient. Systemic blood levels of glucose, lactate,
      pyruvate, and triglycerides also increased after glycerol while free fatty acids
      (FFA) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) decreased. Hemispheric glucose consumption was
      unaltered after glycerol so that hemispheric glucose to oxygen ratio tended to
      rise. Pyruvate and lactate production by brain was unchanged. Glycerol moved
      across the blood brain barrier into brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Release
      of FFA and Pi from infarcted brain was reversed by glycerol. Total phosphate
      balance was maintained actoss brain both before and after glycerol infusion.
      Triglycerides increased in CSF after glycerol, originating either from cerebral
      blood or as a result of lipogenesis in cerebral tissue. The EEG Recording and
      neurological status of the patients improved despite decreased brain oxygen
      consumption. Results of this study suggest that after intravenous infusion of 10
      per cent glycerol in patients with recent cerebral infarction, glycerol rapidly
      enters the CSF and brain compartments and favorably affects the stroke process in
      two ways: first, by redistribution of cerebral blood flow with increase in rCBF
      and rCBV in ischemic brain secondary to reduction in focal cerebral edema; and
      second glycerol may become an alternative source of energy either by being
      directly metabolized by the brain, or indirectly, by enhancing lipogenesis, or by
      both processes. Involvement of glycerol in lipogenesis with esterification to
      accumulated FFA might lead to improved coupling of oxidative phosphorylation, a
      hypothesis that fits the finding of improved neuronal function despite further
      decrease in cerebral hemispheric oxygen consumption.

PMID- 1090394
TI  - Therapeutic and toxic concentrations of more than 100 toxicologically significant
      drugs in blood, plasma, or serum: a tabulation.

PMID- 1090395
TI  - Inborn errors of metabolism--a challenge to the clinical chemist.

PMID- 1090396
TI  - Evaluation of discrepancies in patients' results--an aspect of computer-assisted
      quality control.

PMID- 1090397
TI  - Trace elements--a selective survey.

PMID- 1090398
TI  - Newer aspects of the roles of zinc, manganese, and copper in human nutrition.

PMID- 1090399
TI  - Serum zinc, iron, and copper concentrations during typhoid fever in man: effect
      of chloramphenicol therapy.
AB  - In volunteers experimentally infected with Salmonella typhi, serum iron and zinc
      concentrations became significantly depressed and there was a concomitant rise in
      serum copper before the onset of overt clinical illness. However, after several
      days of fever and the initiation of chloramphenicol therapy, serum iron and zinc
      concentrations significantly increased. Additional studies--in volunteers with
      typhoid fever treated with chloramphenicol, in a volunteer with typhoid fever
      receiving cefazolin and gentamicin, and in untreated rhesus monkeys infected with
      Salmonella typhimurium--provided evidence that the increase in serum iron
      concentration during the febrile phase was the result of chloramphenicol therapy,
      whereas the increase in serum zinc concentrations was a disease-related
      phenomenon. The importance of trace-metal monitoring during infectious disease
      and chemotherapy is discussed.

PMID- 1090400
TI  - Nomenclature: additional chromosome bands.

PMID- 1090401
TI  - Human T lymphocytes form rosettes with autologous and allogeneic human red blood
      cells.

PMID- 1090402
TI  - Antibody synthesis and immunological memory in concanavalin A-treated mice.

PMID- 1090403
TI  - Identification of a new platelet aggregating factor released by sensitized
      leukocytes.

PMID- 1090404
TI  - Candida sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation in a postoperative
      infant.

PMID- 1090405
TI  - Deformities of the midface resulting from malunited orbital and naso-orbital
      fractures.
AB  - In midfacial fractures the crucial area is the upper portion of the midfacial
      skeleton which lodges the orbits, the interorbital space with its anatomic
      relationship with the anterior cranial fossa, the lacrimal apparatus, the levator
      muscle, and the skeletal structures of the nose. Because of the severity of the
      injuries in a multisystem injured patient, these fractures may be neglected or
      receive inadequate primary treatment. In some cases the damage is so extensive
      that primary treatment can only accomplish part of the task. Late reconstruction
      is necessary, therefore, and is the subject of this paper.

PMID- 1090406
TI  - Alcohol involvement in highway crashes. A review of the epidemiologic evidence.
AB  - There is probably no other single aspect of American behavior which is so
      underinvestigated as driving, and yet which has such an impact on our daily lives
      and on our annual death rate. Evidence is reviewed which indicates that the
      probability of being responsible for a fatal crash increases sharply as blood
      alcohol concentrations increase above those achieved by heavy social drinking.

PMID- 1090407
TI  - Facial scars resulting from vehicular accidents.
AB  - The surgeon will be better able to cope with the problem of scars as he
      understands the nature of wound healing and as advances are made in the knowledge
      of the physiology and biochemistry of tissues. Still there do remain the all
      important careful handling of tissues, adequate wound repair, and adequate
      postoperative care of the wound and the patient.

PMID- 1090408
TI  - Midfacial fractures from vehicular accidents.
AB  - An effort is made to simplify, categorize, and outline the various forms and
      treatment of midfacial trauma from automotive crashes. Panfacial fractures
      resulting from high speed automotive accidents will continue to be a challenge to
      the innovative and persistent surgeon seeking the best possible results.

PMID- 1090409
TI  - Soft tissue facial injuries related to vehicular accidents.
AB  - Most facial injuries are not dire emergencies, except in the case of airway
      obstruction and in unrecognized, prolonged bleeding or oozing from facial wounds.
      Yet one must keep in mind the psychologic impact that facial injuries may have
      upon the patient and his family.

PMID- 1090410
TI  - Frontal sinus and supraorbital fractures from vehicle accidents.
AB  - Fractures of the upper third of the face from vehicle accidents are relatively
      uncommon but can have serious associated injuries of the dura and frontal lobe
      when they do occur. The injury may result from the victim's face either striking
      the dashboard or bouncing violently off the lower broken edge of the penetrated
      windshield.

PMID- 1090411
TI  - Safety and effectiveness of intrauterine devices.

PMID- 1090412
TI  - Normal ovulatory cycles in one subject receiving daily hypophyseal stimulation by
      LH-RH at two levels.

PMID- 1090413
TI  - Considerations in the choice and utilization of computers in radiology and
      nuclear medicine.

PMID- 1090414
TI  - Properties, production, and clinical uses of radioisotopes of iodine.

PMID- 1090415
TI  - A double-blind study in hypertensive patients of an original new compound,
      indapamide.
AB  - In a double-bind crossover study in 18 patients with essential hypertension, the
      hypotensive activity of 5 mg. indapamide daily was compared with 40 mg. frusemide
      daily over a period of 4 months after an initial 15 days on placebo. The overall
      clinical assessment showed satisfactory blood pressure control in 72% of patients
      receiving indapamide compared with 57% on frusemide. The weight of patients on
      active therapy dropped significantly with both products, but to a greater extent
      with indapamide. Indapamide was well-tolerated by all 18 patients; 3 patients on
      frusemide developed side-effects. The results of blood chemistry investigations
      are discussed. Variations in potassium levels during indapamide therapy were
      modest and did not warrant the use of potassium supplements.

PMID- 1090416
TI  - The treatment of acute anxiety states in neurotic patients with intravenous
      lorazepam. A placebo-controlled study.
AB  - In a double-blind trial, 20 neurotic patients with acute anxiety were treated
      with 3 mg. lorazepan intravenously and 17 others were treated with placebo. A
      total of 24 injections of lorazepam and 26 of plter compared with 9 patients on
      placebo (p smaller than 0.05). Sixty minutes after the injections of lorazepam,
      patients were free of anxiety symptoms on 70.8% occasions, compared with only
      7.7% occasions following placebo (p smaller than 0.01). The effects of lorazepam
      on anxiety were discernible 10 minutes after the injections. Considering the
      number of patients, not injections, 85.0% were free of symptoms after treatment
      with lorazepam and only 11.8% after treatment with placebo (p smaller than 0.01).
      Blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory rate were favourably influenced by the
      drug and not by placebo; these effects were discernible 10 minutes after the
      injection.

PMID- 1090417
TI  - double-blind"double-bind.
AB  - In a double-blind trial over a 2-week period in 34 patients with psoriases
      vulgaris, clobetasol propionate cream was shown to be more effective than
      betamethasone valerate cream. In a further 16 patients whose psoriasis had not
      responded to betamethasone valerate ointment, treatment with clobetasol
      propionate ointment was substituted. Fourteen of the 16 patients experienced a
      rapid improvement of their lesions.

PMID- 1090418
TI  - Antihypertensive activity of a new agent, indapamide: a double-blind study.
AB  - In a double-blind trail in 22 patients with mild to moderate essential
      hypertension, indapamide was compared with chlorathiazide and placebo. Dosage
      levels were set at 5 mg. indapamide and 500 mg. chlorothiazide daily, for 5 days
      out of 7, and patients were treated alternately, in random sequence, with each
      drug for a month over a 3-month period. Blood pressure readings and blood
      chemistry investigations were carried out before and after each treatment period
      and a careful history was kept of subjective symptoms and patients' tolerance of
      therapy. The results show that both active treatments produced drops in systolic
      and diastolic pressures, but were only statisically significant and different
      from placebo in the case of indapamide. Indapamide also produce much greater
      subjective improvement (74%) in patients with functional symptoms compared with
      chlorothiazide (15%). In an overall assessment, indapamide produced an excellent
      to good response to treatment in 57% of patients. Comparable responses for
      chlorotiazide and placebo were 25% and 20% respectivlely. Using patients as their
      own controls to compare the relative effectiveness of the three periods of
      treatment, indapamide was shown to be more effective than placebo in 65% of cases
      and more effective han chlorothiazide in 60%. Although patient tolerance of
      indapamide was slightly better, both drugs were well accepted and no significant
      changes from baseline levels were noted in any of the laboratory parameters
      investigated.

PMID- 1090419
TI  - Dissociation between indices of pump performance and contractility in patients
      with coronary artery disease and acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - An analysis of ventricular performance comparing pump function and muscle
      function indices was performed in 13 patients with acute myocardial infarction,
      ten patients with normal coronary arteries, and 15 patients with coronary artery
      disease. Pump function was described by plotting left ventricular stroke work
      index as a function of left ventricular end diastolic pressure. This description
      provided a clear separation between normal patients, and surviving and
      nonsurviving patients with acute myocardial infarction. Values of contractile
      element velocity (VCE5 as an estimate of Vmax) did not separate between normals
      and surviving or nonsurviving patients with acute myocardial infarction. In 15
      patients with acute coronary artery disease there was no correlation between
      values of VCE5 and the ventricular function curve. Changes in performance
      following the stress of ventriculography, angiotensin infusion, or isometric hand
      grip exercise also did not show any correlation between pump function and muscle
      function indices. It is concluded that pump function indices are a better
      indicator of ventricular performance in patients with acute myocardial infarction
      and coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1090421
TI  - Editorial: chicken soup, sippy milk diets and bed rest for hepatitis.

PMID- 1090420
TI  - High level positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in acute respiratory
      insufficiency.
AB  - Twenty-eight patients developed severe, progressive acute respiratory
      insufficiency despite aggressive application of conventional respiratory 
      therapy. Application of increased PEEP (18 torr or greater) resulted in a
      significant decrease in QA/QT. Selection of the optimal levle of PEEP for each
      patient required serial determinations of QA/QT and measurement of cardiovascular
      response. The overall survival rate was 61 percent. Acute respiratory
      insufficiency was a proximate cause of death in only one patient. Four of the
      patients (14 percent) developed a pneumothorax following institution of high PEEP
      therapy. Cardiac output was not affected adversely at any level of PEEP up to 32
      torr (44 cm H2O). We conclude that high levels of PEEP can be therapeutic for
      patients with refractory respiratory failure when combined with intermittent
      mandatory ventilation and careful cardiovascular monitoring. As with any therapy,
      the optimum dose should be tailored to each patient according to his needs and
      response.

PMID- 1090422
TI  - Chicken soup rebound and relapse of pneumonia: report of a case.
AB  - A case is reported in which a previously healthy individual, having received an
      inadequate course of chicken soup in treatment of mild pneumococcal pneumonia,
      experienced a severe relapse, refractory to all medical treatment and eventually
      requiring thoracotomy. The pharmacology of chicken soup is reviewed and the
      dangers of abrupt termination of therapy are stressed.

PMID- 1090423
TI  - Bronchiectasis and homozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - A 34-year-old woman with homozygous a1-antitrypsin deficiency suffered from
      progressive, generalized cystic bronchiectasis. Although bronchiectasis was
      reported in the original monograph on the enzyme inhibitor deficiency, it has
      received minimal attention since then. Alpha1-antitrypsin levels should be
      measured in patients with severe bronchiectasis.

PMID- 1090424
TI  - Extensive linear "blow-out" of the thoracic membranes trachea with innominate
      artery avulsion secondary to blunt chest trauma.
AB  - The successful management of extensive rupture of the entire intrathoracic
      membranous trachea and an avulsed innominate artery is presented. Taken
      separately, the two entities are in themselves rare following blunt trauma to the
      chest. Ventilatory and anesthetic control during repair of this injury is
      presented.

PMID- 1090425
TI  - Letter: Pre-morbid state of the donor: a factor in successful cadaver-organ
      allografting.

PMID- 1090426
TI  - Vector analysis of postcardiotomy behavioral phenomena.
AB  - The classification of postcardiotomy behavioral phenomena in Figure 1 is proposed
      for use as a clinical instrument to analyze etiological determinants. The
      utilization of a vector analysis analogy inherently denies absolutism.
      Classifications A-P are presented as prototypes of certain ratio imbalances of
      the metabolic, hemodynamic, environmental, and psychic vectors. Such a system
      allows for change from one type to another according to the individuality of the
      patient and the highly specific changes in his clinical presentation. A vector
      analysis also allows for infinite intermediary ratio imbalances between
      classification types as a function of time. Thus, postcardiotomy behavioral
      phenomena could be viewed as the vector summation of hemodynamic, metabolic,
      environmental, and psychic processes at a given point in time. Elaboration of
      unknown determinants in this complex syndrome appears to be task for the future.

PMID- 1090427
TI  - Pipotiazine palmitate: an evaluation of a new long acting intramuscular
      antipsychotic agent in severely ill schizophrenic patients.
AB  - Findings in this study support earlier investigations in attesting to the
      antipsychotic efficacy and relatively low toxicity of pipotiazine palmitate.
      Results with all efficacy measures utilized were consistent in indicating a high
      level of efficacy for this investigational compound. Pipotiazine palmitate
      apparently has an average duration of action that extends beyond 4 weeks in
      severely ill schizophrenic patients. This particular long acting IM antipsychotic
      preparation appears to have an even longer duration of activity than some of the
      other available standard long acting agents. The optimal dosage range for
      severely ill schizophrenic patients appears to be between 100 and 600 mg once
      monthly. While this type of drug (as is the case with many antipsychotic drugs)
      does reduce the psychotic symptomatology and improves the thought associations
      sufficient to enable the patient to leave the hospital, it should be re
      emphasized that socioeconomic and guidance counseling services are necessary to
      maintain the patient in the community. The availability of this type of long
      acting preparation is not only economical in terms of nursing care and hospital
      cost but it should also increase the efficacy of psychopharmacologic treatment of
      schizophrenics by reducing both patient errors and staff errors in administration
      of medication. In addition, this IM preparation should prove to be of invaluable
      help in maintaining the schizophrenic patient in his community by reducing the
      relapse and the rehospitalization rates. It should be noted that there are
      schizophrenic patients who either absorb compounds from the gastrointestinal
      tract in a very poor manner or too rapidly metabolize the antipsychotic agents
      with resultant suboptimal blood levels and these subjects may be called "drug
      refractory." This type of long acting medication is an ideal preparation for the
      schizophrenic patient who has these types of absorption or metabolic problems
      since the "circulatory pass" through the liver is minimal after IM medication as
      compared to that encountered by an orally administered agent. The clinical
      disadvantage of pipotiazine palmitate is the delay in onset of therapeutic
      activity after injection. Significant improvement is first noted after 3 to 4
      days after the highest IM dosage administration. Therefore, it may be necessary
      to use an oral or IM preparation of a neuroleptic with a more rapid onset of
      activity or utilize an oral dosage of the pipotiazine salt during the first week
      following IM administration of pipotiazine palmitate.

PMID- 1090428
TI  - [The effect of synthetic somatostatin in normal and acromegalic males].
AB  - The synthetic linear tetradekapeptide somatostatin (growth-hormone release
      inhibitory hormone: GHRIH) inhibits the liberation of growth hormone in normal
      persons in the insulin hypoglycaemia test without influencing the rise of
      cortisol and prolactin, while the concentrations of LH, FSH and TSH remain
      unchanged. In patients with florid acromegaly there occurs during administration
      of GHRIH a marked fall in the raised STH level without influencing the basal
      level of the other anterior-pituitary hormones. As a further effect there is
      suppression of the insulin level. The somatostatin at present available has a
      very short biological half-life and in its present form is, therefore, without
      therapeutic importance.

PMID- 1090429
TI  - [Antinuclear factors in patients with pancreatitis of unknown aetiology: A
      pointer to an immunopathological cause? (Author's transl)].
AB  - Antinuclear factors in serum were determined (in addition to other tissue
      antibodies) in 9 patients with acute and 22 with chronic pancreatitis. Of the 11
      with pancreatitis of unknown aetiology 9 had serum antinuclear factors, most of
      them in high titres. Of the 20 with pancreatitis of known aetiology only 3 had
      antinuclear factors.

PMID- 1090430
TI  - [Heinrich Burkle de la Camp, 3 June 1895-2 May 1974].

PMID- 1090431
TI  - [Amenorrhoea after oral contraceptives].
AB  - Eleven women with amenorrhoea after taking oral contraceptives were studied.  A
      clomiphene stimulation test was performed in ten, with six also having an LH-RH
      stimulation test.  In most of them there was no reaction or a severely impaired
      response to both clomiphene and LH-RH, but bleeding episodes could be provoked in
      most women by continuing clomiphene treatment, and some of these ovulated when
      HCG was added to the therapeutic scheme.  A possible relationship between
      preexisting psychosomatic disorders and the genesis of postcontraceptive
      amenorrhoea is discussed.

PMID- 1090432
TI  - Effects of gonadal steroids on the basal and LRF-induced gonadotropin secretion
      by cultures of rat pituitary.
AB  - The effects of 17beta-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), 20alpha-hydroxypregn-4
      en-3-one (20alpha-OHP4), and testosterone (T) on the basal and LRF-induced
      secretion of LH and FSH were studies in monolayer cultures prepared from the
      pituitaries of adult female rats. Day 4 cultures were used and all steroids were
      tested at 10-8M concentration for 4 hr. E2 (2.72 ng/ml) alone caused a
      nonsignificant increase in basal secretion of both LH and FSH; however, the same
      dose of E2 significantly (p less than 0.001) inhibited the LRF-induced secretion
      of LH but not of FSH (74% and 88% of 10-8M LRF-treated level, respectively),
      Testosterone (2.88 ng/ml) alone significantly increased the basal secretion of LH
      (136% of control level, p less than 0.05) and augmented the effect of LRF on FSH
      secretion to 130% of the LRF-treated level (p less than 0.05). Contrary to its
      negative feedback action on the basal secretion of FSH (46% of control level, P
      less than 0.05), 20ALPHA-OPH4 (3.15 ng/ml) augmented the effect of LRF on LH
      secretion (130% of LRF-treated level, P less than 0.05). On the other hand, P4
      (3.14 ng/ml) did not cause any significant inhibition in the basal and LRF
      induced secretion of either LH or FSH. These data indicate that both of the LH-
      and FSH-LRF; however, their secretory activities are modulated differently by
      various steroids.

PMID- 1090433
TI  - Radioimmunoassay for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH): its
      application to the measurement of LHRH in ovine and human plasma.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay for LHRH, MODIFIED FROM THe assay of Nett et al. (J Clin
      Endocrinol Metab 36: 880, 1973) and characterized in more detail, was applied to
      the measurement of endogenous plasma LHRH in the peripheral circulation of ewes
      and women around the time of gonadotropin release. Sensitivity was 1.2 pg/tube.
      Within- and between-assay coefficients of variation were 10% and 25%,
      respectively, over the range 10-100 pg/tube. Minimal cross reaction (less than
      0.1%) was observed with LHRH analogues tested, except those which had undergone
      single amino acid alterations in the 4 or 8 positions (62-93%) and in the 1
      position (1-3%). Inhibition curves parallel to synthetic LHRH were obtained with
      these immunoreactive analogs, and with crude hypothalamic and pituitary extracts
      from 16 cycling ewes and 3 pooled hypothalamic extracts from male rats. LHRH
      contents of ovine hypothalami and pituitaries ranged from 1.9-10.2 (4.5 plus or
      minus 2.1, mean plus or minus SD) and 0-27.5 (4.2 plus or minus 7.3, mean plus or
      minus SD) ng LHRH, respectively, with no obvious correlation between the contents
      of either tissue. LHRH contents of pooled hypothalami from normal, castrated
      hypophysectomized male rats were 4.5, 2.9 and 1. 3 ng/hypothalamus. Recovery of
      synthetic LHRH added to plasma was quantitative, provided the storage time at 4
      and 20 C was minimal. Synthetic LHRH  administered to ewes by intravenous
      infusion or subcutaneous injection was readily detectable in peripheral plasma.
      The metabolic clearance rates of synthetic LHRH' in 3 sheep were 14, 11 and 14
      1/day/kg, respectively. Endogenous immunoreactive material in single, unextracted
      plasma samples from sheep in various physiological states ranged from 0-400
      pg/ml. However, the endogenous plasma immunoreactivity in these samples bone no
      resemblance to synthetic LHRH added to ovine plasma in that it was stable to
      gentle heat, and was undetectable after methanol extraction. No endogenous LHRH
      could be detected in methanol extracts of peripheral plasma obtained from estrous
      ewes or oophorectomized ewes injected iv with estradiol-17beta (40mug) and bled
      at 15 min intervals prior to gonadotropin release. Single daily plasma samples
      obtained from three normal women over their entire menstrual cycles contained no
      significant levels of endogenous LHRH.

PMID- 1090434
TI  - Effects of estradiol-17beta on LH-RH/FSH-RH-induced, and spontaneous, LH release
      in prepubertal female pigs.
AB  - The effect of estrogen (E2) on pituitary response to LH-RH/FSH-RH (LH-RH) was
      examined in immature female pigs (gilts). Eight gilts (9-10 weeks old) received
      iv injections of 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, and 40.0 mug LH-RH, beginning 4 days after
      placement of indwelling jugular cannulae. Blood samples were drawn at 5-min
      intervals following LH-RH injection and plasma LH was determined by RIA and
      expressed as ng R786-3/ml. Pituitary responses were expressed as the increment in
      LH levels above baseline (delta LH). Pretreatment LH levels were 0.45-1.25 ng/ml.
      Responses to LH-RH (delta LH plus or minus SE) ranged from 3.7 plus or minus 0.6
      (at 5 min) to 8.4 plus or minus 1.4 ng/ml (at 20 min) for 2.5 and 40 mug doses,
      respectively. Three additional prepubertal gilts were cannulated and implanted
      with E2. After 3 days plasma estrogens rose from approximately 30 pg/ml to 289
      plus or minus 34 pg/ml and the dose-response studies were repeated.
      Prestimulation LH concentration was consistently below 0.4 ng/ml and delta LH
      levels ranged from 1.4 plus or minus 0.5 (at 10 min) to 5.7 plus or minus 1.3
      ng/ml (at 20 min) for the 2.5 and 40.0 mug doses, respectively. Analysis of the
      regression equations for delta LH on log LH-RH dose showed that the adjusted
      means for LH response were significantly lower (P less than 0.02) in E2 implanted
      animals. However, the regression coefficients were not different (P greater than
      0.5). On the basis of these and other analyses, it is concluded that chronic E2
      treatment depresses both basal LH secretion and pituitary responsiveness, but
      that pituitary sensitivity to LH-RH is not modified. Several nonimplanted females
      showed bursts of LH release subsequent to the LH-RH induced peak, but multiple
      peaks were never observed in E2 implanted gilts. An explanation was sought and 7
      of the nonimplanted gilts were used to study spontaneous LH release by
      determining plasma LH at 10-min intervals for 20 h. During this period
      spontaneous episodes of LH release were observed in control animals with a mean
      frequency of 1.3 LH peaks/h. When 4 animals were given 5 mug E2 iv and then
      sampled for 12 h, episodic secretion was suppressed and the latency to the first
      spontaneous LH release was 9.6 plus or minus 0.8 h, significantly greater (P less
      than 0.02) than the latency to the first peak after saline injections (4.2 plus
      or minus 1.5 h) in the controls. It is suggested that "multiple" LH peaks
      occurring after initial LH-RH stimulation may represent the superimposition of
      spontaneous episodic release upon the induced response.

PMID- 1090435
TI  - Modulation of pituitary responsiveness to luteinizing hormone-releasing factor
      during the estrous cycle of the rat.
AB  - This study was performed to investigate pituitary responsiveness to synthetic
      gonadotropic hormone-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) administered during the 5-day
      estrous cycle of the rat and to examine whether the observed differences can be
      attributed to ovarian secretion of estradiol. Gn-RH was injected intra-arterially
      at 4:00 PM to rats previously anesthetized with sodium pentothal to block the LH
      surge on proestrus and thus minimize changes in LH secretion which occur
      throughout the estrous cycle. Pituitary responsiveness was defined as the
      difference between serum LH concentrations in samples obtained immediately before
      and 15 min after administration of 200 ng Gn-RH, a time when maximal circulating
      levels of LH were observed. Administration of Gn-RH was followed by a significant
      increase in circulating LH on all days of the estrous cycle on which the response
      was tested (diestrus 2, diestrus 3, proestrus, estrus). Pituitary responsiveness
      was relatively low on diestrus 2 and estrus and was increased slightly on
      diestrus 3. On proestrus, however, pituitary response to Gn-RH increased
      markedly, a phenomenon abolished by ovariectomy at 8:00 AM on diestrus 3. The
      large increase in pituitary responsiveness observed on proestrus was not restored
      in such ovariectomized rats when circulating estradiol concentrations were
      increased and maintained at approximately 150 pg/ml by SC insertion of Silastic
      capsules containing estradiol-17beta immediately following ovariectomy.
      Nevertheless, this estradiol treatment consistently elicited an LH surge in
      another group of ovariectomized rats not treated with sodium pentothal or Gn-RH.
      Although these observations indicate that an ovarian hormone is essential for the
      increase in pituitary response to Gn-RH on proestrus, the identity of this
      hormone remains to be established.

PMID- 1090436
TI  - Cortisol metabolism in the baboon during pregnancy and the postpartum period.
AB  - The metabolism of iv-administered 14C-cortisol (F) by pregnant baboons (107, 124
      and 150 days gestation) was compared with that previously reported for
      nonpregnant animals and with that of animals examined 6-18 h after spontaneous
      vaginal delivery (178 plus or minus 4 days). Unconjugated, glucuronoside (beta
      glucuronidase) and sulfate (H2SO4-ethyl acetate) fractions were extracted with
      ethyl acetate from urine containing more than 80% of injected 14C. Metabolites of
      interest were isolated by paper partition chromatography and purified by
      crystallization and derivative formation. Compared with nonpregnant animals, the
      following changes (P less than 0.05) were observed in pregnancy: (1) an increase
      in the percent urinary 14C in the unconjugated fraction and a decrease in the
      proportion of 14C appearing in the glucuronoside fraction; (2) an increase in
      excretion of metabolites more polar than the cortols; (3) a decrease in excretion
      of metabolites less polar than cortisone in the glucuronoside fraction; (4) an
      increase in unconjugated F excretion. Production rate of F (11.9 plus or minus
      0.7 mg/day) estimated by isotope dilution and percent urinary 14C in
      tetrahydrocortisol and tetrahydrocortisone from the glucuronoside fraction were
      as in nonpregnant animals. With the exception of an increase in F production
      (22.7 plus or minus 0.8 mg/day), presumably the result of the stress of labor, F
      metabolism in the immediate postpartum period was strikingly similar to timals
      indicates that changes in the mother alone can account for the altered metabolic
      disposition of F in pregnancy and suggests that the fetus takes little part in
      metabolism of maternal circulating F.

PMID- 1090437
TI  - Ovarian modulation of immunoreactive gonadotropins-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) in
      the rat brain: evidence for a differential effect on the anterior and mid
      hypothalamus.
AB  - Gonadotropins-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) in selected regions of the female rat
      brain was measured by radioimmunoassay. Detectable immunoreactive Gn-RH was found
      in the anterior hypothalamic-septal region and in the mid-hypothalamic (arcuate
      median eminence) region. Gn-RH was several times higher in the middle region than
      in the anterior region. Gn-RH was undetectable in the posterior hypothalamic
      region, frontal cerebral cortex and pineal glands, as well as in random blood
      samples, and low to undetectable in anterior pituitary glands. Gn-RH activity
      varied during the estrous cycle and after castration. In the mid-hypothalamic
      region, Gn-RH content was lowest throughout diestrus and in late morning and
      early afternoon of proestrus, and highest early in the morning of proestrus and
      during estrus. A significant decrease at mid-day was only found on the day of
      proestrus, a few hours prior to the critical period for LH release. In the
      anterior hypothalamic region, low Gn-RH activity was found from 1200 h of estrus
      to 1200 h of diestrus-2. A comparatively higher activity was seen at 1700 h of
      diestrus-2 and also from 1400 h of proestrus to 0800 h of estrus. Twenty-one days
      after ovariectomy, Gn-RH in the mid-hypothalamic region was significantly lower
      than the lowest values seen during the estrous cycle, while Gn-RH in the anterior
      hypothalamic region remained between low and high values seen during the cycle,
      being significantly higher than the low values. The changes observed during the
      estrous cycle and after castration suggest that gonadal steroids play a direct
      role in the control of hypothalamic Gn-RH. These data also demonstrate that Gn-RH
      varies in a different way in the anterior and mid-hypothalamic regions.

PMID- 1090438
TI  - Dual action of antidepressant drugs (MAO inhibitors) on insulin release.
AB  - Experiments have been carried out to investigate the role of monoamine oxidase
      (MAO) in the mechanism of insulin release. Isolated islets and pieces of rat
      pancreas were incubated in media of high glucose content in the presence of
      various concentrations of MAO inhibitors. At the end of the incubation, the islet
      MAO activity and the concentration of insulin released into the medium was
      measured. The results have shown that: 1. Glucose-mediated insulin release was
      potentiated by low concentrations of MAO inhibitors, the highest effect being
      observed at 10 muM. 2. Islet MAO activity was completely abolished in the
      presence of 10 muM of MAO inhibitors, while at lower concentrations, partial
      inhibition of enzyme could be achieved. A rise in the concentration of MAO
      inhibitors was accompanied by a decline in their potentiating effect on insulin
      secretion. No potentiation was observed at 1 mM concentration, and total
      inhibition of glucose-mediated insulin release was obtained in the presence of 5
      10 mM of MA9 inhibitors. The potentiation of insulin release caused by two of the
      MAO inhibitors studied was abolished by addition of 1 muM epinephrine into the
      incubation medium. The basal rate of insulin release was insensitive to low
      concentrations of MAO inhibitors, but an inhibitory effect was obtained when
      concentrations were raised to 10 mM. In a comparative study, it was found that
      MAO activity was greater in liver than in islet tissue, while islets contained
      three times the activity of exocrine pancreas, consistent with previous findings
      in islet-cell tumors. The data presented here clearly show that MAO inhibitors
      are capable of both potentiating and inhibiting insulin release in vitro,
      depending on their concentrations. It is concluded that the stimulation of
      glucose-mediated insulin secretion may be related to the MAO inhibitory effects
      of the drugs, while the inhibition observed at concentrations greater than 1
      times 10-3M is due to some other unidentified mechanism.

PMID- 1090439
TI  - Plasmodium gallinaceum: avian immunologic tolerance to serum antigens.

PMID- 1090440
TI  - Trypanosoma cruzi: fatty acid metabolism in vitro.

PMID- 1090441
TI  - Plasmodium berghei: thyroid hyperplasia and thyroid hyperactivity in mice.

PMID- 1090442
TI  - Specific induction of chlamydospore formation in Candida albicans by N-acetyl-D
      glucosamine.

PMID- 1090443
TI  - Different pathways for hepatic uptake of taurocholate and indocyanine green.

PMID- 1090444
TI  - Some ultrastructural observations on the cytotoxicity of an alcoholic extract of
      Suberites inconstans on HeLa cells.

PMID- 1090445
TI  - Uptake of 3H-noradrenaline and 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine in cultured rat brainstem.

PMID- 1090446
TI  - Mitogenic responses of thymus cell subpopulations.

PMID- 1090447
TI  - Tissue repair in rats in presence of locally applied tissue plasminogen
      activator.

PMID- 1090448
TI  - [Pyrazolic sulfanilamides. XIV. Hydroxyderivatives of 1-phenyl-5
      sulfanilamidopyrazole and of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-sulfanilamidopyrazole].
AB  - A report is given of the variations in bacteriostatic activity on introduction of
      a hydrophilic group, the hydroxyl group (-OH), at positions 2',3' and 4' of the
      phenyl group linked to the heterocyclic nitrogen os 1-phenyl-5
      sulfanilamidopyrazole (I: R = -H) and of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5
      sulfanilamidopyrazole (II: R = -H). The substances prepared for this purpose: 1
      (hydroxyphenyl)-5-sulfanilamidopyrazoles (Ia)(Ib))(Ic)(-OH at 2', 3',4') and 1
      (hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-sulfanilamidopyrazoles (IIa)(IIb)(IIc)(-OH at 2',3'4')
      in vitro tests of bacteriostatic activity against strains of S. aureus and E.
      coli gave the following results: See journal for results.

PMID- 1090449
TI  - Purification of E. coli enzymes by chromatography on amphiphilic gels.

PMID- 1090450
TI  - Ontogeny of mouse T-lymphocyte function.
AB  - The development of lymphocytes within the fetal and neonatal BALB/c mouse thymus
      is reviewed with particular emphasis on the maturity of immunologic functions.
      Fetal thymocytes respond by vigorous proliferation to stimulation by allogeneic
      lymphoid cells or by phytohemagglutinin. Such reactivity is much diminished in
      neonatal thymus or thymic-derived (T) cells in neonatal spleen. Splenic T cells
      seem to mature more slowly than immunoglobulin-bearing B lymphocytes in the
      neonatal spleen, but the finding is confounded by the presence of large numbers
      of "suppressor" T cells in the neonatal spleen. For example, the in vitro
      antibody response to the T-independent antigen dinitrophenyl-lysine-Ficoll is
      optimal by 2 or 3 weeks of age, but the in vitro response to T-dependent sheep
      erythrocytes does not reach adult levels until 6 weeks of age, suggesting a
      deficiency in T "helper cells." The response of neonatal spleen cells to sheep
      erythrocytes cannot be reconstituted by adult T cells however, unless neonatal
      splenic T cells are first depleted by anti-Thy 1 serum and complement. The target
      of this T suppressor cell seems to be only B cells, and not other T cells. The
      overall sequence of T lymphocyte maturation in the mouse seems to start with
      large numbers of reactive T cells as well as some functionally active helper or
      effector T cells in early neonatal life, and finally to achieve a stable
      equilibrium between T cell subpopulations between 5 and 6 weeks of age.

PMID- 1090452
TI  - Development of B lymphocytes-1,2.
AB  - A rough outline of the development pathway of stem cells to B lymphocytes in
      mammals is beginning to emerge. The stem cell is most probably either identical
      to or closely related to the spleen colony-forming unit or hemopoietic stem cell.
      The stem cell appears not to be specificity-restricted and to lack Ig surface
      receptors. Whether part of B-cell development in mammals takes place in a
      specialized lymphoid environment, analogous to the bursa of Fabricius in birds,
      is still unresolved. The bone marrow does not form such an environment. The bone
      marrow and spleen, but not the lymph nodes, of mice contain a nondividing B-cell
      precursor population at an intermediate stage of development between the stem
      cell and B cell. This population has Ig surface receptors and is specificity
      restricted. It cannot be initiated into differentiating into antibody-producing
      cells. However, under appropriate conditions it can give rise to functional B
      cells within 3 days. Newly-formed B cells (designated B1) are physically
      different from mature B cells (designated B2) and appear to be a dividing
      population of cells differentiating from the B-cell precursor to B2 nondividing
      cell populations.

PMID- 1090451
TI  - Differentiation of thymus cells-1,2.

PMID- 1090453
TI  - Pre- and postnatal enzyme capacity for drug metabolite production.
AB  - Most lipid-soluble foreign compounds including drugs, insecticides and many
      environmental pollutants are metabolized in animals by cytochrome P-450 enzymes
      in the endoplasmic reticulum of liver. These enzymes are virtually absent in
      fetuses of laboratory animals, but their activities increase to adult levels
      within 3-8 weeks after birth. In human fetuses, the enzymes appear during the
      first half of pregnancy, and their activities during gestation reach about one
      third of those found in adults. The species differences in fetal activities
      apparently parallel the differences in the development of liver endoplasmic
      reticulum. In laboratory animals, the rough-surfaced reticulum does not develop
      until 4 days before birth adn the smooth-surfaced retuculum develops only after
      birth. In man, however, the rough-surfaced form appears at about 7 to 9 weeks of
      gestation, whereas the smooth-surfaced form appears at about the 3rd month of
      pregnancy. Despite the early development of these enzymes in humans, they
      probably play only a minor role in limiting the accumulation of most foreign
      compounds in human fetuses. Nevertheless, they may play an important role in drug
      induced toxicities, particularly those that are mediated through the formation of
      chemically reactive metabolites.

PMID- 1090454
TI  - Indirect consequences of low-level use of antimicrobial agents in animal feeds.
AB  - Antibiotics may be classified as "therapeutic" or "feed" depending on their use
      for treatment of disease or for promotion of growth in animals. The mechanism of
      growth promotion is largely unknown, but it has been shown that the specific feed
      additive causes defined lesions in the cell wall of Escherichia coli. This effect
      may sensitize the bacteria to the action of therapeutic drugs. Damage to the
      bacterial cell wall may also cause the bacteria to be more susceptible to the
      body defense mechanisms. One form of stress may be defined in terms of a
      disturbance of intestinal flora brought on by relocation, group mixing, change of
      diet, or travel. Prolonged feeding of antimicrobial agents to animals has not
      been shown to be responsible for the current high level of R factors in the
      intestinal tract of man.

PMID- 1090455
TI  - Induction of timed ovulation with synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      in women undergoing insemination therapy. I. Effect of a single parenteral
      administration at midcycle.
AB  - Synthetic LH-RH was administered by various routes to 19 patients during 37
      treatment cycles in an attempt to trigger ovulation in association with
      insemination therapy. Thirty-five cycles were ovulatory; four pregnancies
      occurred, but two of them ended in spontaneous abortion. In 20 cycles, the
      hyperthermia response occurred one to three days after LH-RH administration,
      suggesting that ovulation occurred as a direct consequence of administered LH-RH.
      Low levels and delayed peak secretion of progesterone were found in two patients
      who had serial progesterone determinations during the luteal phase after LH-RH
      administration. Ovulation timing with LH-RH appears feasible, but efforts to
      ensure the availability of a mature follicle are required.

PMID- 1090456
TI  - Use of synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in treatment of
      oligospermic men: a preliminary report.
AB  - Synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was administered to four
      normogonadotropic, oligospermic men (24 to 39 years of age) who had no
      endocrinologic, urologic, or associated vascular disease, to assess its possible
      therapeutic value in male infertility. Previous testicular biopsies of these
      subjects indicated alteration of spermiogenesis only. LH-RH (mean dose, 500
      mug/day) was administered intramuscularly for 100 to 135 days. Each patient had
      at least two sperm count before starting therapy and had one every 20 to 30 days
      during and for two to five months after treatment. The sperm count, semen volume,
      sperm motility and morphology, and seminal plasma concentrations of fructose and
      citric acid were studied in each semen sample. In three of the four patients,
      urinary LH and FSH excretion and plasma testosterone levels were also measured.
      The sperm count increased clearly in two subjects 30 to 80 days after therapy
      started; the response was small in the third subject and negative in the fourth.
      The remaining parameters followed variable courses. Libido increased in all
      subjects. In the post-treatment period, the two patients who had shown the best
      response during treatment experienced a new and abrupt increase in the sperm
      count which remained well above initial values at the end of follow-up. LH-RH
      appears to be of value in the treatment of certain types of oligospermia, but
      several issues remain unsettled.

PMID- 1090457
TI  - Unusual arrangement of agranular endoplasmic reticulum in the interstitial cells
      of the cat ovary.
AB  - An unusual arrangement of agranular endoplasmic reticulum in the interstitial
      cells of the cat ovary is described. The structural unit of this arrangement in
      cross section consists of five membranous sacs (800 to 900 A long and 250 to 350
      A wide) radially coverging toward a microtubule. The sacs are separated from each
      other by three angles of 60 degrees and two of 90 degrees. In longitudinal
      section, the sacs appear to be long parallel cisternae. The geometric, radial
      arrangement seems to arise from a gradual incurvation and convergence of parallel
      units in these membranes. The microtubules may act as guides for the polarization
      and resulting unusual arrangement of the membranes. The purpose of such
      polarization may be related to a change from protein to steriod synthesis in
      these cells.

PMID- 1090458
TI  - [Possibilities of prosthetic use of the mandibular alveolar tuberculum].

PMID- 1090459
TI  - History of resins in dentistry.
AB  - The period of 175 years from 1800 to 1975 represents one of significant
      advancement in prosthetic and restorative dental service. The transition from the
      time of ill-fitting dentures, fashioned from naturally occurring materials, to
      the application of synthetic resins for a long list of dental and surgical
      purposes described in this symposium represents a typical example of technical
      and professional advancement that has taken place throughout the world society
      during this same period. As noted in the beginning of this report, the
      advancement in dentistry has been possible through the cooperative efforts of
      contemporary scientists in many related fields. If denistry retains this good
      working relationship, as it is expected to do, then the advancements within the
      next two generations can significantly change and improve the practice of
      dentistry from what is presently known, by the application of additional new and
      modified dental resins.

PMID- 1090460
TI  - Restorative resins.

PMID- 1090461
TI  - Construction of denture bases from pour resins.
AB  - Satisfactory dentures can be produced from pour resins at a considerable saving
      of processing time. The problems of porosity, voids, and heavy anterior tooth
      contact resulting from shrinkage of the resin during curing present difficulties
      which must be understood to be compensated for. The use of alginate and a
      recently introduced modified gypsum product as investing media, as well as
      centrifugation of the pour resin into the flask, offer no significant advantages
      over the originally introduced procedure. Further critical research will
      conceivably improve the pour resins and the corresponding processing techniques
      to the point that they can challenge heat-curing resins for the largest
      percentage of denture bases.

PMID- 1090462
TI  - Denture refitting with today's concepts and materials.

PMID- 1090463
TI  - The acrylic veneer crown.

PMID- 1090464
TI  - The acrylic jacket crown.
AB  - An attempt has been made to cover briefly the many applications of the acrylic
      jacket crown. It is readily understandable that this type of restoration has many
      shortcomings but at the same time it has many useful and important applications
      in dentistry when properly employed. It is hoped that the specialist and
      generalist alike will have found some new and useful applications of the acrylic
      jacket crown.

PMID- 1090466
TI  - Characterization of denture bases.

PMID- 1090465
TI  - Temporary resin crowns and bridges.

PMID- 1090467
TI  - Construction of custom denture teeth.

PMID- 1090468
TI  - Denture repairs.

PMID- 1090469
TI  - Pit and fissure sealing.

PMID- 1090470
TI  - Resins in orthodontics.

PMID- 1090471
TI  - Resins in oral surgery.

PMID- 1090472
TI  - Dermal-epidermal interactions and the action of alleles at the agouti locus in
      the mouse.

PMID- 1090473
TI  - Locust embryos mosaic for haploid and diploid cells.

PMID- 1090474
TI  - Stimulation of glucagon secretion by ethanol-induced hypoglycemia in man.
AB  - In fasted man, ethanol lowers plasma glucose by inhibiting gluconeogenesis with
      concomitant suppression of insulin release. Since glucose regulation of glucagon
      (IRG) secretion may be insulin dependent, we have evaluated IRG secretion in this
      setting of hypoglycemia and insulin deficiency. Mean IRG levels in six men fasted
      for fifty-six hours rose gradually from a basal level of 57 pg/ml. to 101 pg/ml.
      During the subsequent four-hour ethanol infusion, mean glucose concentration fell
      only 18 mg. per 100 ml. (26 per cent of pre-infusion values) yet IRG tripled to
      265 pg/ml. Insulin (IRI) fell to unmeasurably low values. Alcohol given after
      only eight hours of fasting has no effect on plasma levels of glucose, IRG and
      IRI. These results suggest that the small decrease in extracellular glucose
      combined with relative insulin deficiency may cause inordinate intra-alpha cell
      glucopenia and result in exaggerated glucagon release.

PMID- 1090475
TI  - The University Group Diabetes Program. A study of the effects of hypoglycemic
      agents on vascular complications in patients with adult-onset diabetes. V.
      Evaluation of pheniformin therapy.

PMID- 1090476
TI  - Kinetics of taurocholate uptake by the perfused rat liver.
AB  - The uptake of taurocholate (TC) by the perfused rat liver was studied by the
      multiple indicator dilution technique using single injections of 14-C-labeled TC
      and 99m-Tc-labeled albumin. For determination of the intra- and extravascular
      space, 51-Cr-labeled erythrocytes and albumin were used. TC was found to be
      distributed into an extravascular space equivalent to that of albumin. Analysis
      of the dilution curves, according to Goresky (Am J Physiol 207:13-26, 1964),
      revealed that the initial TC uptake rate increased with increasingly TC dose in a
      nonlinear fashion, exhibiting saturation kinetics which obeyed the Michaelis
      Menten equation. The initial maximal uptake rats (Vmax) was found to be 32.5
      nmoles per s and g of liver, a value exceeding the maximal steady state capacity
      (Tm) for excretion of TC into the bile. The half-saturation constant (Km) was
      90.6 nmoles per g of liver, indicating that this system is operating far from
      saturation at physiological levels of bile acids in portal blood.

PMID- 1090477
TI  - Anticholinergics: do they work in peptic ulcer?

PMID- 1090478
TI  - Gastrin cell hyperplasia in rats with chronic antral stimulation.
AB  - Rats surgically prepared with the antrum transposed onto the colon were compared
      with suitable control rats, to investigate whether chronic antral stimulation
      modifies gastrin cell and other endocrine cell populations. Gastrin cell and
      argyrophil cell density per unit area were studied in antrum using a quantitative
      method after staining by immunofluorescence and Grimelius argyrophily,
      respectively. Both gastrin cells and argyrophil cells increased significantly in
      density per unit area after antrocolic transposition (P smaller than 0.001). The
      augmentation of gastrin cells per glandular tube (78%) was also significant (P
      smaller than 0.001). Electron-microscopic observations confirmed these results.
      On the other hand, in each group, the topographic distribution of the two
      categories of cells was different, and the number of gastrin cells was
      statistically greater than that of the argyrophil cells. Thus, it appeared
      evident that gastrin cells were not argyrophilic. Several hypotheses to explain
      the mechanism of this hyperplasia of endocrine cells are discussed. It is
      concluded that the increase in the gastrin cell density could be one possible
      explanation for the hypergastrinemia observed in the antrocolic transposition
      model.

PMID- 1090479
TI  - Computer-aided diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal tract disorders.
AB  - This paper reports a survey of human and computer-aided diagnosis in a
      prospective consecutive series of 301 patients admitted to the hospital with
      lower gastrointestinal tract disease. At initial outpatient contact (at which
      time endoscopy was customarily performed), the clinicians' diagnostic accuracy
      was 64.5%. After biopsy, radiology, and other investigative procedures, the
      clinicians' preoperative diagnostic accuracy rose t0 82.7%. When data from the
      house surgeon's case notes were fed into the computer, its diagnostic prediction
      proved accurate in 77% of the 301 patients, and when details of the outpatient
      endoscopy were added to the house surgeon's case notes, the computer's diagnostic
      accuracy rose to 84.7%. It is suggested that computer-aided analysis may have a
      limited part to play in discriminating between the common causes of lower
      gastrointestinal disorders in routine clinical practice.

PMID- 1090480
TI  - Pathophysiology of Shigella diarrhea in the rhesus monkey: intestinal transport,
      morphological, and bacteriological studies.
AB  - In contrast to the "toxigenic diarrheas" caused by Vibrio cholerae and
      Escherichia coli, the site and mechanism of fluid loss in shigellosis are
      unknown. The occurrence of watery diarrhea in shigellosis suggests involvement of
      the small bowel. Therefore, jejunal, ileal, and colonic water and electrolyte
      transport was studied in Shigella flexneri 2a-infected monkeys. Infected animals
      fell into three groups: dysentery alone, diarrhea alone, or diarrhea and
      dysentery. In controls, net water, sodium, and chloride absorption was seen in
      the jejunum, ileum, and colon. All infected animals demonstrated diminished
      colonic absorption or net colonic secretion. In monkeys with dysentery alone,
      this was the only transport defect observed. In contrast, animals with diarrhea
      either alone or in combination with dysentery, exhibited net jejunum secretion.
      Ileal transport was normal in all animals. A severe colitis with intramucosal
      shigellae was seen in all symptomatic animals. In the jejunum or ileum, however,
      morphological changes were minimal and bacterial invasion was not seen.
      Therefore, unlike the "toxigenic" diarrheas," shigellosis is both a small and
      large intestinal disease. Mucosal invasion of the colon is essential to the
      development of a morphological and transport defect. Dysentery results from a
      colonic transport defect, while diarrhea is secondary to jejunal secretion
      superimposed on the defect in colonic absorption.

PMID- 1090481
TI  - Comparison of secretory and histological effects of shigella and cholera
      enterotoxins in rabbit jejunum.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to compare the actions of shigella toxin and
      cholera toxin to determine if mucosal damage is a prerequisite for shigella toxin
      induced secretion. The secretory response to maximal doses of cholera toxin and
      shigella toxin were compared. The maximal rate of secretion and the electrolyte
      and protein concentration of the intestinal fluid were similar for both toxins.
      On the other hand, the time of onset after exposure to the toxin was 105 min for
      shigella toxin and 15 to 30 min for cholera toxin. In addition, cholera toxin
      induced secretion was associated with depletion of goblet cell mucus, whereas no
      change was seen in association with the response to shigella toxin. Other than
      goblet cell depletion, there were no histological differences between loops
      secreting in response to cholera toxin and to shigella toxin. Finally, the
      secretory effect of the toxins are not additive. These studies suggest that, in
      spite of apparent differences in the patterns of secretory response to the two
      toxins, they may share a rate-limiting step in the secretory process.

PMID- 1090482
TI  - Changing concepts of infectious diarrheas.

PMID- 1090483
TI  - Punch excision technique for removing basal cell epithelioma.

PMID- 1090484
TI  - [Grigorii Ivanovich Evtushenko (on his 50th birthday)].

PMID- 1090485
TI  - [In memory of Zigfrid Isidorovich Izrael'son].

PMID- 1090486
TI  - [Immunologic methods of peroxidase detection in homogenates of bacilli of BCG
      substrains. II. Use of 2-dimensional immunoelectrophoresis for the immunologic
      demonstration of peroxidase].

PMID- 1090487
TI  - [Prevention and treatment of suppurations caused by implantation of
      electrocardiostimulators].

PMID- 1090488
TI  - [Isolated resections of segments of the lower pulmonary lobe in tuberculosis and
      nonspecific lung diseases].

PMID- 1090489
TI  - [Surgery of acquired defects of the aortic valve].

PMID- 1090490
TI  - [Combined treatment of malignant neoplasms of the mediastimun].

PMID- 1090491
TI  - A study on the effect of certain compound during elimination of plasmids in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Of several chemicals tested on the elimination of plasmids from Escherichia coli
      K-12, the compound designated ICR-170 was most effective, applied at 100 mu g/ml,
      the effect being comparable to that of acriflavin. It had no effect on the
      elimination of the R1 plasmid from Escherichia coli JC 5455.

PMID- 1090492
TI  - Antimicrobial agents. XXIII. Antifungal activity of diphenylmethane derivatives.

PMID- 1090494
TI  - The recession--its impact on hospitals.

PMID- 1090495
TI  - New procedures, many new members make course of 94th Congress unpredictable.

PMID- 1090493
TI  - DNA synthesis - dependent cell division of Escherichia coli 15 TAU after arginine
      and uracil starvation.
AB  - Extensive cell division after synchronization of Escherichia coli 15 TAU by
      arginine and uracil starvation occurs only when DNA synthesis is permitted to
      proceed by at least a short pulse of thymine applied between 30 and 60 min after
      transfer of synchronized culture to thymine-free medium with arginine and uracil.
      The time schedule of synchronized cell division in dependence on the schedule of
      intervals of DNA synthesis and inhibition of DNA synthesis was determined. The
      termination of replication cycles which were not completed to the very end during
      arginine and uracil starvation seems to be the decisive event for subsequent cell
      division after synchronization.

PMID- 1090496
TI  - Administrative reviews: nursing.

PMID- 1090497
TI  - Administrative reviews: patient relations.

PMID- 1090498
TI  - Administrative reviews: volunteer services.

PMID- 1090499
TI  - Administrative reviews: community relations.

PMID- 1090500
TI  - Administrative reviews: pharmacy.

PMID- 1090501
TI  - Administrative reviews: Food service.

PMID- 1090502
TI  - Administrative reviews: engineering.

PMID- 1090503
TI  - Administrative reviews: infection control.

PMID- 1090504
TI  - What price hospital drugs?

PMID- 1090505
TI  - Administrative reviews: governance.

PMID- 1090506
TI  - Administrative reviews: delivery systems.

PMID- 1090507
TI  - Administrative reviews: fiscal management.

PMID- 1090508
TI  - Administrative reviews: development.

PMID- 1090509
TI  - Administrative reviews: manpower and education.

PMID- 1090510
TI  - Administrative reviews: employee relations.

PMID- 1090511
TI  - Administrative reviews: regulation.

PMID- 1090512
TI  - Administrative reviews: emergency services.

PMID- 1090513
TI  - Administrative reviews: health education.

PMID- 1090514
TI  - MITNYS-II--a digital program for on-line analysis of nystagmus.

PMID- 1090515
TI  - Enhancement of Moloney sarcoma virus-induced tumor growth by concanavalin A.
AB  - Adult mice injected intraperitoneally with concanavalin A (con-A) commencing with
      the onset of 6mm. Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV)-induced tumors showed a marked
      enhancement of tumor growth compared to untreated control mice; whereas,
      treatment with con-A beginning on day 0 relative to MSV inoculation had no
      effect. Antibody production as measured by indirect membrane fluorescence was not
      affected by con-A. Since in vivo administered con-A has a specific suppressive
      effect on T-lymphocytes it is suggested that the primary immunologic response to
      MSV antigens is a function of T-cells.

PMID- 1090516
TI  - Comparative mitogenic responses of T-cells and B-cells in spleens of mice of
      varying age.
AB  - Mouse spleen cell mitogenic responses to Phytohemagglutinin (PHA), conconavalin A
      (con A), staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were
      studied as a function of age. In CD-1 mice, spleen cell DNA synthesis in response
      to stimulation by PHA, con A and SEB varied from 18% - 33% of adult values for
      the first 3 weeks of life. By 6 weeks, the PHA response was 63% of the adult
      response and achieved adult values by 8 weeks of life. In contrast to these T
      cell responses, DNA spleen cell synthesis in response to LPS was approximately
      that of adults as early as 7 days after birth. When spleen cell mitogenic
      responses were studied in C57B1/6J mice a similar pattern emerged. C57 spleen
      cell responses to PHA, con A and SEB varied from 24% - 54% of adult values for
      the first 3 weeks of life. By 4 weeks, spleen cell responses to PHA and con A
      were approximately those of adults. Again, C57 spleen cell responses to LPS were
      equivalent to adult values as early as 7 days after birth.

PMID- 1090517
TI  - The bursa dependence of chicken thymus-derived lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin.
AB  - Thirty-three plus or minus 5 per cent of chicken blood lymphocytes were
      positively labelled by radioiodinated rabbit anti-chicken light chain antibody
      within 7 days of exposure of autoradiographs. After thymectomy, 93 plus or minus
      1 per cent of lymphocytes were positive: conversely, following bursectomy only 5
      plus or minus 3 per cent of cells showed positive labelling and then at a very
      low level. Hence, under these conditions of short-term exposure autoradiography,
      only B cells carried readily demonstrable immunoglobulin. If the sensitivity of
      the technique was increased by long-term exposure of the autoradiographs,
      immunoglobulin was demonstrable on all blood lymphocytes, including the T cells.
      In addition, 39 plus or minus 6 per cent of thymocytes were shown to carry
      immunoglobulin by the more sensitive technique. In both cases, however, this T
      lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin was reduced, and in some cases absent, after
      bursectomy. At no stage, with either technique, did the grain count on the
      erythrocytes reach the control level of lymphocytes treated with 125I-labelled
      anti-keyhole limpet haemocyanin antibody. It seems likely that T-cell
      immunoglobulin is not an endogenously synthesized product but is acquired
      indirectly from the B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1090518
TI  - A method for the separation of lymphocytes and plasma cells from the human
      palatine tonsil using sedimentation in an isokinetic gradient of Ficoll in tissue
      culture medium.
AB  - Several methods for the dissociation of human tonsils into cell suspensions were
      compared. Dissociation of tonsils using 0-25 per cent trypsin gave both the
      largest number of total cells and the largest number of plasma cells per gram of
      tonsil. Lymphocytes and plasma cells were separated in a previously described
      isokinetic gradient of Ficoll in tissue culture medium. In the purest gradient
      fractions, lymphocytes were 97-2 plus or minus 1-9 per cent of nucleated cells.
      The purest gradient fractions contained 43-1 plus or minus 5-9 per cent plasma
      cells. More than 95 per cent of purified lymphocytes and plasma cells excluded
      Trypan Blue.

PMID- 1090519
TI  - Proportional absorption. A method for determination of the relative specificity
      of antisera prepared against cells.
AB  - Antisera prepared against a complex of antigens such as a tissue cell may produce
      a mixture of antibodies of different specificities, affinities and types.
      Proportional absorption permits determination of the comparative specificity of
      such antisera. It is performed by absorbing the antisera with an amount of 
      absorbent proportional to the initial content of (usually undesired) antibody to
      this absorbent; the potencies of desired and undesired antibodies are then
      separately determined. The method has been used to determine the specificity of a
      conventionally raised rabbit anti-mouse leukaemia serum, relative to one prepared
      with leukaemia cells admixed with rabbit antiserum against normal mouse
      lymphocytes (to block normal antigen sites on the leukaemia cell inoculum). The
      latter antiserum was cells as compared to normal splenic lymphocytes.

PMID- 1090520
TI  - The effect of various immunosuppressive agents on mouse peritoneal macrophages
      and on the in vitro phagocytosis of Escherichia coli O4:K3:H5 and degradation of
      125I-labelled HSA-antibody complexes by these cells.
AB  - Large doses of hydrocortisone, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate injected
      subcutaneously, and whole-body irradiation (500 rads) caused a reduction in the
      number of peritoneal cells (PE cells) obtained after intraperitoneal injection of
      the treated mice with proteose-peptone. The same dose of cyclophosphamide and
      irradiation induced morphological changes in PE macrophages. There were more
      giant cells in the peritoneal exudates from treated mice as compared to control
      mice. 'Pharmacological' and larger doses of hydrocortisone, methotrexate and
      azathioprine or anti-lymphocyte globulin had no effect on the in vitro phagocytic
      capacity of proteose-peptone-stimulated mouse PE macrophages. This also applied
      to doses of up to 50 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide. In contrast, whole-body
      irradiation (500 rad) and 100 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide decreased the phagocytic
      capacity of mouse macrophages in vitro and reduced the ability of PE cells to
      degrade 125I-labelled HSA-antibody complexes in vitro. The greatest effect was
      noted 4-5 days after whole-body irradiation or four to five subcutaneous
      injections of cyclophosphamide.

PMID- 1090521
TI  - Inhibition of Escherichia coli by bovine colostrum and post-colostral milk. I.
      Complement-mediated bactericidal activity of antibodies to a serum susceptible
      strain of E. coli of the serotype O 111.
AB  - Bovine colostral whey diulted in unheated bovine milk or in Kolmer saline
      containing 5 per cent pre-colostral calf serum was bactericidal for Escherichia
      coli NCTC 9703 (serotype O 111). Whey diluted in saline without pre-colostral
      calf serum was inactive. Bactericidal activity was abolished by heating at 56
      degrees for 30 minutes or by pre-incubating with N-acetyl-L-tyrosine ethylester,
      indicating that complement present in milk or pre-colostral calf serum was
      involved in the bactericidal activity. Undiluted colostral whey was inactive even
      in the presence of up to 20 per cent pre-colostral calf serum, probably due to a
      prozone effect. Milk heated at 80 degrees for 10 minutes was also shown to have a
      limited anti-complementary effect. Post-colostral milk from some cows had
      bactericidal activity, whereas similar milks from other cows were either inactive
      or active only after addition of pre-colostral calf serum, indicating that
      antibodies to E. coli or complement or both may or may not be present in the post
      colostral milk of different cows. The implications of these findings in relation
      to the bacterial flora of the intestinal tract of neonates are discussed.

PMID- 1090522
TI  - Inhibition of Escherichia coli by bovine colostrum and post-colostral milk. II.
      The bacteriostatic effect of lactoferrin on a serum susceptible and serum
      resistant strain of E. coli.
AB  - Two strains of Escherichia coli were inhibited by complement-inactivated cow
      serum and to a lesser extent by precolostral calf serum devoid of specific
      antibodies. They were not inhibited by undiluted colostral whey or milk but
      colostral whey became bacteriostatic after dialysis or dilution in Kolmer saline
      and addition of precolostral calf serum or lactoferrin. The inhibition in all
      these fluids was due to iron-binding proteins (transferrin or lactoferrin).
      Undiluted dialysed milk was not inhibitory because of its low content of
      lactoferrin but became inhibitory after addition of 1 mg/ml of lactoferrin. The
      lack of inhibition in undiluted whey is due to the high concentration of citrate
      in colostral whey (and milk) and it is suggested that citrate competes with the
      iron-binding proteins for iron and makes it availabe to the bacteria. Addition of
      bicarbonate, which is required for the binding of iron by transferrin and
      lactoferrin, can overcome the effect of citrate; hence, the bacteriostatic effect
      of cow serum and precolostral calf serum is due to the presence of both
      transferrin and bicarbonate as well as the low lefel of citrate.

PMID- 1090523
TI  - Suppression of extablished Friend virus leukemia by statolon: potentiation of
      statolon's leukemosuppressive activity by chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose.
AB  - Treatment of Friend virus (FV)-infected mice, 3 days after FV inoculation, with
      statolon, an extract of the mold Penicillium stoloniferum, induces interferon and
      restores immunocompetence to viral and nonviral antigens such as sheep
      erythrocytes. Clinical remissions are established in 20 to 70% of the infected
      mice. Cholorite-oxidized oxyamylose administered intraperitoneally 24 h before, 3
      h before, or 3 h after statolon enhanced interferon production, but the increased
      number of mice protected against FV disease was more closely related to the
      associated enhanced synthesis of FV cytotoxic antibody. The prolonged selective
      immunodepression to intraperitoneal sheep erythrocytes after intraperitoneal
      administration of chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose-statolon appeared to be related to
      a stimulation in number and erythrocyte-phagocytic capacity of peritoneal
      macrophages. The marked activation of macrophages in FV leukemic mice after such
      treatment may also have contributed to the enhanced FV leukemosuppressive effects
      of chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose-statolon.

PMID- 1090525
TI  - Regional immunosuppression induced by Plasmodium berghei yoelii infection in
      mice.
AB  - Plasmodium berghei yoelii infection in mice severely depressed the splenic
      antibody response to sheep erythrocytes but had lettle effect on antibody
      formation in lymph nodes.

PMID- 1090524
TI  - Immunoelectron microscopic identification and localization of Streptococcus
      sanguis with peroxidase-labeled antibody: localization of surface antigens in
      pure cultures.
AB  - An indirect method of localizing antigens with horseradish peroxidase-labeled
      antibody was used to identify and localize surface antigens of Streptococcus
      sanguis at the ultrastructural level. An electron dense layer surrounding the
      cell wall could be distinguished without any additional electron microscope
      staining. This labeled layer represents an immune complex consisting of bacterial
      surface antigens, specific rabbit antisera, and peroxidase-labeled goat anti
      rabbit globulins. Although with undiluted antisera slight cross-reactions
      occurred with S. salivarius and S. miteor (mitis), these could be readily
      distinguished from the more intense homologous reaction by their patchiness and
      the difference in distribution of the label. These cross-reactions were
      eliminated by appropriate dilutions of the antiserum. No cross-reactions occurred
      with S. mutans, S. faecalis, Actinomyces species, or Bacterionema, microorganisms
      wents indicated that horseradish peroxidase can become non-specifically adsorbed
      to the membrane of certain bacterial cells. Appropriate controls must, therefore,
      be included for localization of membrane associated antigens with horseradish
      peroxidase.

PMID- 1090526
TI  - Growth of mycobacterium bovis (BCG) in T lymphocyte-depleted mice.
AB  - BCG Montreal (10-6 viable bacilli) injected intravenously into adult
      thymectomized, irradiated, and bone marrow-reconstituted (THXB) C57Bl times C3H
      F1 hybrid mice induced a progressive systemic infection which killed 95% of the
      animals within 60 days. Control mice infected with this dose of BCG did not die.
      The infected THXB mice failed to develop detectable levels of tuberculin
      hypersensitivity although they did show considerable Arthus (3 h) reactivity. The
      BCG-infected THXB mice lost weight progressively, and the root spleen and root
      lung indices increased substantially as the infection proceeded. None of the THXB
      mice developed an antibacterial immune response to the systemic BCG infection,
      and this was reflected by the continued persistence of macroscopic lung granuloma
      in these animals. The BCG-infected control mice developed as many surface
      tubercles as did the THXB animals, but the granulomas rapidly regressed in size
      and numbers in the normal mice. The lung changes correlated with the amount of
      tritiated thymidine incorporated by the lung cells in the later stages of the BCG
      infection. T cell depletion depressed the early splenic peak normally seen in BCG
      infected controls, but, on the other hand, there was a progressive increase in
      lung counts in the THXB mice as the infection progressed and this late peak was
      not seen in the control animals. The significance of these findings is discussed
      in relation to the development of antituberculous immunity by BCG-infected mice.

PMID- 1090527
TI  - Control of salmonellosis pacifarin biosynthesis by iron.
AB  - Enterobacter cloacae strain SS4-56 produced salmonellosis pacifarins when grown
      in an iron-depleted synthetic medium to which 3.16 X 10-7 g-atom of iron had been
      added per liter, but did not do so when grown in iron-depleted medium
      supplemented with 3.16 X 10-4 g-atom of iron per liter. The addition of 3.16 X 10
      4 g-atom of ferric iron per liter to a pacifarin-containing culture supernatant
      fluid had no significant effect upon the ability of the active pacifarins
      present, when administered per os, to protect mice from an otherwise fatal
      infection produced by a sequential injection of avirulent and virulent strains of
      Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 1090528
TI  - Phagocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans by alveolar macrophages.
AB  - Guinea pig pulmonary macrophages phagocytized but did not kill nonencapsulated
      cells of Cryptococcus neoformans. The phagocytic process was inhibited by
      cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide. Pulmonary macrophages, activated by
      preinjecting heat-killed bacteria into intact animals, did not kill the engulfed
      yeast cells. Labeled cells of C. neoformans were neither killed nor cleared from
      guinea pig lungs 6 h postexposure. The results of our experiments indicate that
      during the first few hours after the lung is exposed to the infectious particle
      of C. neoformans the pulmonary macrophage does not function primarily to kill
      engulfed yeast cells. We believe that a rapid yet transient acute inflammatory
      response probably plays a major role in this process during the first few hours
      after C. neoformans enters the lung.

PMID- 1090529
TI  - Correlation between phagocytic activity and metabolic response of
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes toward different strains of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The bactericidal activity, the phagocytic capacity, and the metabolic stimulation
      of polymorphonuclear leukocytes challenged with different strains of Escherichia
      coli were studied. It was found that only two strains out of 10 tested stimulated
      the oxygen consumption and carbohydrate metabolism of leukocytes and were readily
      killed by the phagocytes. The lack of killing of the other eight strains was
      shown to be due to absent or poor phagocytosis rather than to resistance to
      intracellular killing. Evidence was presented that the surface K antigen plays an
      important role in conferring antiphagocytic properties to some strains of E.
      coli. It was suggested that K antigen acts by interfering with the early step of
      the phagocytic process, that is, the attachment step.

PMID- 1090530
TI  - Immunosuppression by hydroxystilbamidine isethionate, a lysosome-stabilizing,
      anti-proteolytic, antifungal drug.
AB  - Hydroxystilbamidine (HSB) is a potent suppressor of the plaque-forming cell
      response of mice injected with heterologous erythrocytes. HSB, given in varying
      doses and injection schedules, suppressed both the primary and secondary immune
      responses to bovine serum albumin. Apparently the effect is not simply a toxic
      effect on spleen cells, because there was no appreciable difference in cell
      numbers between control and HSB-treated mice. The effect of HSB was most apparent
      in the early phase of the immune respone.

PMID- 1090531
TI  - Genetic basis of toxin production and pathogenesis in Vibrio cholerae: evidence
      against phage conversion.
AB  - The pathogenicity of Vibrio cholerae strains "cured" of "Kappa-type" phage was
      not significantly altered relative to that of their "Kappa" lysogenic parental
      strains. Unlike Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the capacity of V. cholerae to
      produce exotoxin was not stimulated as a consequence of active phage
      multiplication. Toxin production in cultures in which Kappa-type phage
      multiplication was initiated either by inducing Kappa lysogens or by infecting
      naturally occurring or "cured" Kappa-sensitive strains was greatly reduced
      compared to normally growing control cultures. Kappa-sensitive El Tor strain Mak
      757 and a Kappa lysogen derived from it did not differ in their capacity to
      colonize ligated rabbit ileal loops nor in their sensitivites to ultraviolet
      radiation, acidic pH, or osmotic shock. We conclude that Kappa-type phages do not
      directly affect the pathogenicity of these V. cholerae strains.

PMID- 1090532
TI  - Cytotoxic effect of Mycoplasma fermentans on mouse thymocytes.
AB  - The in vitro response of mouse thymocytes to various mycoplasmas was evaluated.
      Cultures of thymus cells from BALB mice were prepared in Earle minimal essential
      medium with 10 per cent fetal calf serum. After an initial drop in viability,
      cell populations stabilized at approximately 10-5 viable cells/ml for 3 to 5
      days. Concentration of 10-6 to 10-8 colony-forming units of toxic isolates of
      Mycoplasma fermentans per ml killed over 50 per cent of these cells in a dose
      dependent fashion. Four other mycoplasmas (M. pneumoniae, M. hominis, M.
      arthritidis and a nontoxic strain of M. fermentans) did not induce cytotoxicity
      of mouse thymocytes. Toxic isolates of M. fermentans multiplied in the presence
      of thymus cells as they were being inactivated. However, nonviable membrane
      preparations of these mycoplasma were also toxic, indicating that growth of the
      organisms is not a prerequisite for the toxic effect. The relevance of these
      findings for the isolation and identification of the membrane-associated toxic
      factor is discussed.

PMID- 1090533
TI  - Characterization of Escherichia coli obtained from newborn calves with diarrhea.
AB  - A total of 373 isolates of Escherichia coli were obtained from one or more calves
      with diarrhea in 155 herds during the 1974 calving season in Montana. Sixty-seven
      (18 percent) of the isolates representing 59 of the 155 herds were found to be
      enterotoxigenic as indicated by their ability to cause distention of the calf
      ligated intestinal segment. The 67 isolates of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)
      were placed in one of six different antigenic groups based upon agglutination of
      formolized whole cells in KO antiserum. Eighty-seven percent (58 of 67) of the
      ETEC had antigen 1, 2, or 3, whereas only 2.3 per cent (7 of 310) of the non-ETEC
      (NETEC) had antigen 1, 2, or 3. This antigen numbering system was used for
      convenience and is not related to any established typing system. Antigens 1, 2,
      and 3 do not belong to any of the O groups 1 to 157 or K groups 1 to 93 of the
      International Schema. Colony color or morphology of ETEC and NETEC grown on
      Tergitol-7 agar with triphenyltetrazolium chloride added could not be used as an
      indicator of enterotoxigenicity, although there was a tendency for E. coli with
      the smooth and mucoid colony type to be enterotoxigenic whereas rough colonies
      were seldom enterotoxigenic. Among ETEC isolates with antigen 1, 2, or 3, there
      was good correlation between colony type and antigen number. All 13 ETEC isolates
      with antigen 1 had the smooth colony type, 17 of 19 ETEC isolates with antigen 2
      had the smooth, mucoid colony type, and all 25 isolates of ETEC with antigen 3
      had the intermediate colony type. Conversely, of the 310 isolates of NETEC, none
      had antigen 1 and the smooth colony type; none had antigen 2 and the smooth and
      mucoid colony type; and only one isolate of NETEC had antigen 3 and the
      intermediate colony type. Sixteen of the 67 isolates of ETEC (24 percent) were
      motile. Fifteen of the 16 motile isolates of ETEC had the intermediate colony
      type, and none of the ETEC with smooth or smooth and mucoid colonies were motile.

PMID- 1090534
TI  - Interactions between Mycoplasma pneumoniae and guinea pig complement.
AB  - The "toxic" effect of guinea pig serum (GPS) on Mycoplasma pneumoniae cells was
      tested under various conditions, using rounding and killing of the cells as test
      systems. Both activities could be inhibited by heat inactivation (56 C, 30 min).
      Killing required both Ca2+ and Mg2+, rounding only Mg2+. Both activities were
      temperature dependent and no rounding or killing occurred at 4C. Incomplete
      complement sequences with natural of artificial defects in C1, C4, or C6 resulted
      in lost or reduced killing. The rounding activity was only slightly affected.
      Anti-C3 antiserum blocked both phenomena; incubation of GPS with 10 mg of inulin
      per ml reduced the rounding activity, and the same treatment of GPS deficient in
      C4 inhibited rounding totally. Properdin factor D was shown to be necessary for
      rounding by GPS, with defects in either C1 or C4. By immune adherence bound C3b
      could be demonstrated on M. pneumoniae cells after GPS treatment, no antibodies
      against M. pneumoniae could be found in GPS by immune fluorescence. The results
      give evidence for complement being the toxic factor in GPS. Efficient killing
      requires the intact complement sequence. Furthermore, M. pneumoniae cells are
      able to activate the alternate pathway of complement. Activation of this pathway
      results in rounding of the cells, which are partly able to recover after this
      reaction. Biological consequences for the mycoplasmas are death or damage and
      possibly opsonization, even in the absence of specific antibodies. The host, too,
      is possibly affected by products of the reaction. The interaction of M.
      pneumoniae and complement could be involved in the early stages of the
      development of M. pneumoniae disease.

PMID- 1090535
TI  - Opsonin-reversible resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae to in vitro phagocytosis
      by alveolar macrophages.
AB  - Several species of mycoplasmas are responsible for respiratory disease in animals
      and man. As yet, little is known about the interaction of these pathogens with
      alveolar macrophages, one of the primary components of pulmonary resistance to
      infections. The present study was undertaken to develop an in vitro model to
      examine this organism-cell interaction, using a human pathogen, mycoplasma
      pneumoniae, and normal guinea pig alveolar macrophages. During a 24-h incubation
      of M. pneumoniae with a monolayer of macrophages, mycoplasmas were found to
      attach directly to the surface of the cells without inducing significant
      phagocytosis. Ultrastructurally, the organisms appeared bound to the cell
      membrane by their characteristic attachment organelles. Only after the addition
      of specific anti-mycoplasma serum were cells able to engulf attached and
      surrounding organisms. These data suggest that the interaction of M. pneumoniae
      and alveolar macrophages is a potentially important aspect of disease
      pathogenesis, and immune factors which might alter this interaction merit further
      examination.

PMID- 1090536
TI  - Calf ligated intestinal segment test to detect enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
AB  - The ligated intestinal segment test in the young calf was utilized to establish
      the enterotoxigenicity of approximately 600 Escherichia coli isolates obtained
      from fecal specimens intestinal contents of calves with diarrheal disease. One
      hundred and fifty isolates were routinely tested in a single calf. There was
      little problem with false-positive reactions. False-negative reactions normally
      occurred only if the isolate was tested in the posterior 3 m of the small
      intestine. The ligated small intestine of the calf was distended by E. coli
      isolates of bovine, porcine, and human origin. Use of the calf ligated intestinal
      segment test is recommended to determine the enterotoxigenicity of E. coli
      isolates of bovine origin.

PMID- 1090537
TI  - Variations in pulmonary antibacterial defenses among experimental animals.
AB  - Intrapulmonary killing of Staphylococcus aureus proceeded at equal rates in
      guinea pigs, hamsters, rats, and mice. In the lung of guinea pigs and hamsters,
      Proteus mirabilis was killed at virtually the same rate as S. aureus as compared
      with half the rate of inactivation in the lungs of rats and mice.

PMID- 1090538
TI  - Antibody and cell-mediated immunity in phytohemagglutinin-treated chickens.
AB  - The effects of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) on humoral and homograft immunity in
      young chickens were studied. Intravenous (IV) injections of PHA stimulated the
      antibody production while intraperitoneal (IP) injections suppressed the antibody
      production. IP injected PHA failed to prolong the survival of the homografts. The
      route and time of PHA administration must be considered when evaluating the
      influence which PHA exerts on homograft survival and hemagglutinin production in
      the chiicken. The results obtained in this study suggest that there may be two
      different target cell lines involved in PHA's action. The reduced antibody
      production following IP injections of PHA may be due to its interference with the
      peritoneal macrophages and T cells and in the case ov IV administration PHA may
      be activating both macrophages and T cells. Possibly, there may be a difference
      in the effective PHA concentration after IP versus IV administration to account
      for different responses observed.

PMID- 1090539
TI  - Effect of carrageenan on the development of hypersensitivity (Schistosoma mansoni
      egg) and foreign body (divinyl-benzene copolymer beads and bentonite) granulomas.
AB  - The effect of carrageenan on the development of hypersensitivity and foreign body
      granulomas was examined. Repeated intraperitoneal injections of the
      polysaccharide caused a strong suppression of the primary, hypersensitivity
      granulomas forming around the eggs of Schistosoma mansoni worms in the lungs of
      mice, but had no effect on the secondary, enhanced egg granulomas in the
      previously sensitized animals. Carrageenan treatment virtually abolished the
      granulomatous reactions forming around plastic beads or bentonite particles. It
      is concluded that carrageenan exerted its suppressive effect not through
      macrophage toxicity but rather by affecting plasma factors which regulate
      vascular permeability and cellular traffic during the process of inflammation.

PMID- 1090540
TI  - Effect of concanavalin A on immunologic abnormalities of New Zealand (NZB/W)
      mice.
AB  - The administration of Concanavalin A (Con A) to young New Zealand (NZB/W) mice
      has been previously found to render them tolerable to BGG. The corresponding
      mechanism is unknown but is consistent with other observations that Con A is
      capable of activating a suppressor T cell population. We have further explored
      this possibility by giving New Zealand mice Con A from 1 month until 11 months of
      age and monitoring several known immunologic abnormalities. Con-A-treated mice,
      in contrast to littermate controls, were found to have lower anti-DNA levels,
      less proteinuria, a better response to primary sheep red cell immunization and
      normally rejected skin allografts.

PMID- 1090541
TI  - Intracellular localization of the migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in a long
      term human lymphoid cell line.
AB  - Subcellular fractions of the human lymphoid cell line PGLC-33H were obtained by
      N2 cavitation and differential centrifugation. The purity of the fractions was
      assessed by the use of the following marker enzymes: beta-glucuronidase for the
      lysosomal-intermediate fraction; a nonspecific esterase for the microsomal
      fraction; and LDH for the supernatant fraction. These subcellular fractions were
      studied for MIF activity utilizing human lymphoid cells from established lines as
      target cells. MIF activity was most consistently found in the microsomal
      fraction. Also, MIF activity was closely associated with the relative specific
      activity of exterase. No such correlation with MIF activity could be demonstrated
      for beta-glucuronidase or LDH.

PMID- 1090542
TI  - Drug-induced tolerance: selective induction with immunosuppressive drugs and
      their synergistic interaction.
AB  - Drug-induced tolerance to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid was studied in NZB/W
      mice. A single injection of cyclophosphamide (CY) or methotrexate (MTX) induced
      tolerance when given 24 h after antigen, whereas azathioprine (AZ) and
      methylprednisolone (MP) did not. However, MP and MTX each synergized with a
      nontolerogenic dose of CY. In addition, MP and AZ further reduced the tolerance
      induced by low but tolerogenic doses of CY. Drug combinations in the induction of
      tolerance may have wide application in the fields of clinical immunology and
      transplantation.

PMID- 1090543
TI  - Rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes--a possible T-cell marker in the pig.
AB  - A proportion of pig lymphocytes form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes. Factors
      affecting their demonstration have been investigated, and a standard technique
      defined. Rosette-forming lymphocytes lacked surface immunoglobulin detected by
      immunofluorescence and formation of rosettes was not inhibited by anti
      immunoglobulin or anti-PLA sera, but was by anti-thymus serum. Of 18 species'
      erythrocytes tested only sheep, Barbary sheep and Mouflon erythrocytes formed
      rosettes in similar percentages. Fetal sheep erythrocytes formed no rosettes at
      6o days of gestation and developed adult levels by term. Rosettes were formed by
      the majority of thymus cells, by only few bone marrow cells and by intermediate
      proportions of cells in other lymphoid tissues correlating with the probable
      order of T cell content. In pig fetuses, thymus contained postnatal levels of
      rosette-forming cells by 69 days, when such cells were not detected in other
      tissues. These data support the contention that SRBC rosettes are formed by T
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1090544
TI  - Subcellular fractions from dermis and epidermis in contact sensitization of
      guinea pigs to 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene.
AB  - Subcellular fractions were prepared from the epidermis of guinea pigs which had
      been painted with 1-chloro-2,4 dinitrobenzene 14 h previously. The microsomal
      fraction showed less activity than other fractions in the MIF test. Similarly,
      the microsomal fraction from the dermis of skin irritated with croton oil before
      DNCB painting was relatively inactive. However, the microsomal fractions from the
      epidermis and more especially from the dermis of skin painted with DNCB while
      undergoing allergic contact dermatitis from pentadecylcatechol showed significant
      MIF activities.

PMID- 1090545
TI  - Use of immunofluorescent localization in the normal guinea pig eye to
      differentiate three autoantisera.
AB  - Three distinct immunofluorescent patterns were demonstrated in normal guinea pig
      eyes by autoantisera prepared to three different ocular tissue preparations. Anti
      U serum (antiserum to ureal homogenate) exhibited specific fluorescence in the
      area of Bruch's membrane. Anti-P serum (antiserum to a suspension of the
      sedimentable portion of retina homogenate) exhibited specific fluorescence in the
      outer segments of the photoreceptor cells. Anti-S serum (antiserum to retinal
      homogenate extract) demonstrated specific fluorescence in the outer portion of
      the retina extending from the outer plexiform layer to the outer segments of the
      photoreceptor cells. The ability of anti-S and anti-P sera immunofluorescent
      activities to cross species lines was demonstrated.

PMID- 1090546
TI  - Observations on rabbit thymocytes and peripheral T cells. II. Rosette formation
      with rabbit erythrocytes.
AB  - The affinity of rabbit thymocytes and a proportion of lymphocytes for homologous
      and autologous erythrocytes has been investigated. Thymocytes were found to
      rosette strongly with untreated, washed erythrocytes, although reactions on
      peripheral lymphocytes from blood and lymph nodes were weaker. Enzyme treatment
      of the erythrocytes was used in attempts to improve reactions with peripheral
      lymphocytes. While neuraminidase-treated cells showed no increased reactivity,
      erythrocytes treated with papain were more firmly bound and reacted with greater
      numbers of blood and lymph node cells. Evidence was obtained to show that
      peripheral lymphocytes which have an affinity for papain-treated erythrocytes
      belong to the thymus-derived T cell population.

PMID- 1090547
TI  - Shared antigenicity between chicken brain and bursa of fabricius.
AB  - Antisera to chicken brain, thymus and bursa of Fabricius were prepared in rabbits
      and rendered organ-specific by appropriate absorptions. Brain was shown by
      immunofluorescence and immune adherence to have common antigenicity with the
      bursa of Fabricius but not with the thymus.

PMID- 1090548
TI  - [Theories of cognitive disorder in schizophrenia based on psychological
      experiments (author's transl)].
AB  - Over the last few years, psychological experiments have provided a major
      contribution to research in schizophrenia. Historical, practical and theoretical
      grounds led to investigations mainly in the field of cognitive disorder.
      Independent psychological theories of schizophrenia emerged from the body of
      experimental results, at first restricted to mental performance of the patients
      but later generalized to center on the total problem of schizophrenia. In
      accordance with psychiatric thinking, psychologists favoured cognitive deficit as
      the essential schizophrenic characteristic which would possibly generate the
      basic symptomatology. Apart from methodological considerations, the main question
      arising is if this feature is truly typical of schizophrenia. The problem of the
      different concepts of schizophrenia has to be considered in this connection. A
      survey of theories of schizophrenia which are sufficiently consolidated by
      psychological experiments reveals that two lines of theoretical reasoning exist:
      one based on specific cognitive disorder, and the other where this is not the
      case. Encompassed by the first classification are the considerations of
      Bannister, Rodnick and Germezy, Shakow, McReynolds, Silvermann, L.J. Chapman,
      Payne, Mednick, and Epstein, as well as the interference theories (with the
      exception of Callaway's version)..

PMID- 1090549
TI  - A plea for a discipline of health and medical evaluation.
AB  - There is an expanding need for quantitative information to evaluate health and
      medical care procedures. Existing methods for designing and carrying out
      evaluation studies need to be improved to provide better techniques for answering
      questions on efficacy of health and medical procedures, and in providing a more
      adequate information base on which to set healthy policy. This paper reviews some
      of the problems in the design and conduct of evaluation research, and makes a
      plea for creation of a special discipline to support and develop the field of
      health and medical care evaluation.

PMID- 1090550
TI  - The in vitro culture of the blood stages of Plasmodium berghei.

PMID- 1090551
TI  - The immunological response of CBA mice to Trypanosoma musculi: mechanisms of
      protective immunity.

PMID- 1090552
TI  - Gamma-ray-induced thymine damage in the DNA in coliphage phi chi 174 and in E.
      coli.
AB  - The radiation chemical reactivity of thymine residues has been compared for
      single-stranded phi chi 174 DNA free in solution and in the intact bacteriophage,
      as well as for native E. coli DNA in solution and inside the cell. The gamma-ray
      induced release of [3H]H2O from thymine-methyl[3H] was measured to assess the
      reactivity of the thymine methyl group. Formation of ring-saturated products of
      the 5,6-dihydroxy-dihydrothymine type (see article) was determined by an alkali
      acid degradation assay. It was observed that the formation of that the formation
      of [3H]H2O was suppressed by a factor of 9 in intact phi chi 174 bacteriophage
      compared to phi chi 174 DNA, whereas the formation of (see article) was only
      slightly suppressed in the phage. For E. coli cells the formation of [3H]H29 was
      reduced 790-fold compared with free E. coli DNA, and (see article) formation was
      reduced 140-fold. The extents of survival after gamma-irradiation of phi chi 174
      phage plaque-forming ability and E. coli colony-forming ability were also
      determined. Under the conditions used in these experiments, a linear relationship
      was observed between the loss of biological activity and the formation of thymine
      damage for both phi chi 174 phage and E. coli cells.

PMID- 1090553
TI  - Carotid endarterectomy utilizing the exclusion clamp.
AB  - Carotid endarterectomy is useful in the treatment of the uncomplicated pre-stroke
      patient. Use of the exclusion clamp makes possible a short period of carotid
      occlusion without the use of either internal or external shunts. Forty-two
      patients were operated on using this technic.

PMID- 1090554
TI  - Clinical evaluation of metronidazole as an anti-inflammatory agent.

PMID- 1090555
TI  - Gabriele Fallopio.

PMID- 1090556
TI  - Hydroureter and hydronephrosis of pregnancy presenting as acute obstetric or
      surgical emergencies.
AB  - The unusual clinical course of three cases of dilatation of ureters and renal
      pelvises in pregnancy was reported. The presenting symptom in each case was acute
      abdominal pain, which was at first attributed to other surgical or obstetric
      emergencies like premature separation of placenta, acute appendicitis and acute
      hydramnion.

PMID- 1090557
TI  - Cornea-damaging proteases of Serratia marcescens.
AB  - Fractionation of the culture supernatant fluids of Serratia marcescens, strain
      BG, by ammonium sulfate precipitation, isoelectric focusing, ion-exchange
      chromatography, hydroxyapatite adsorption chromatography, and gel filtration
      failed to separate the rabbit cornea-damaging activity and the in vitro protease
      activity of the preparations. Two proteases having similar molecular weights
      (44,000), estimated by gel filtration, and isoelectric points of approximately
      5.0 and 5.3 were obtained free of detectable amounts of other known extracellular
      serratia enzymes. Heating a mixture of the two proteases for 15 minutes at 60
      degrees C. resulted in complete loss of protease and cornea-damaging activities.
      Production of protease and cornea-damaging activities was inhibited by ammonium
      sulfate. The results support the conclusion that extracellular proteases produced
      in vitro by S. marcescens can elicit rapid and extensive damage to the rabbit
      cornea.

PMID- 1090558
TI  - Fluorescein diffusion in the human optic disc.
AB  - The characteristics of the transcapillary transfer of fluorescein dye in the
      optic disc of healthy individuals has been studied. A diffusible fluorescein dye
      and a nondiffusible reference substance, indocyanine green (ICG), which was
      assumed to remain in the capillaries, were injected into the circulatory system.
      The time courses of the concentrations of the two dyes in the optic disc were
      determined by simultaneously recording the fluorescence intensity of fluorescein
      and the infrared absorption by ICG with a fundus reflectometer. The difference
      between the fluorescein concentration curve and the reference ICG curve is a
      measure of the accumulation of fluorescein in the disc tissue. Our measurements
      indicate that fluorescein dye does not diffuse across the capillaries in the
      optic disc. The accumulation of fluorescein in the disc only starts at about one
      minute after the injection and seems to be due to diffusion of the dye from the
      surrounding choroid. The time constant of this diffusion process was found to be
      approximately one minute.

PMID- 1090559
TI  - Bilateral slipped upper femoral epiphysis: a rare manifestation of renal
      osteodystrophy. Case report with discussion of its pathogenesis.
AB  - Bilateral slipped upper femoral epiphysis is a rare manifestation of renal
      osteodystrophy. A case of bilateral slipped femoral epiphysis in an 18-year old
      male suffering from chronic renal failure due to oligomeganephronic renal
      hypoplasia with profound signs of renal osteodystrophy is presented. Serum growth
      hormone levels were high, while those of urinary 17-ketosteroids were decreased.
      Following subtotal parathyroidectomy, the progression of the process leading to
      slipped epiphysis was halted with closure of the epiphyses. The patient was
      subsequently treated with chronic hemodialysis for several months, after which
      successful renal transplantation was performed. The pathogenesis of renal
      osteodystrophy leading to slipped epiphysis is discussed and attention drawn to
      the fact that bilateral slipped femoral epiphysis may be the first clinical sign
      of chronic renal insufficiency.

PMID- 1090560
TI  - The management of urologic complications after kidney transplantation.
AB  - Urologic complications occurred in four (20%) of 20 kidney transplants performed
      in 18 patients. The complications encountered were acute hemorrhage from the
      distal end of the ureter, a calyceal fistula, a ureteral stricture with
      associated fungus infection, and obstructive uropathy. In two of the four cases
      it was necessary to sacrifice the transplant.

PMID- 1090561
TI  - pathogenesis."Pathogenesis.

PMID- 1090562
TI  - [Therapeutic experience on the effect of thalidomidomide on lepra reaction].

PMID- 1090563
TI  - [DNA-antibodies in patients with lupus erythematosus, scleroderma and blister
      forming skin diseases].

PMID- 1090564
TI  - [60th anniversary of Hans Gotz].

PMID- 1090565
TI  - On the history of basic fuchsin and aldehyde-Schiff reactions from 1862 to 1935.
AB  - The nature of products formed by aldehydes and Schiff's reagent, whether they are
      sulfonic or sulfinic acid compounds, has been the subject of much discussion. It
      seems therefore timely to review early studies of aldehyde-Schiff reactions,
      including the history of pararosanilin and related dyes. Dyes of the basic
      fuchsin group have been studied extensively since 1862, and their
      triphenylmethane structure was established in 1878. The currently used structural
      formulas were introduced around the turn of the century. Reactions of basic
      fuchsin with aldehydes, with and without addition of SO2, were investigated by
      Schiff in the 1860's i.e. before the structure of these dyes was known. In 1900
      Prud'homme showed that the reaction products of basic fuschsin, sodium bisulfite
      and formaldehyde are alkylated and sulfonated derivatives of the parent compound;
      further chemical studies indicated attachment of the sulfonic acid group to the
      carbon atom of the aldehyde. Prud'homme's findings were repeatedly confirmed
      during the following decades. Wieland and Scheuing were apparently unaware of
      these studies and introduced the sulfinic acid theory in 1921; furthermore, they
      considered substitution at two amino group of Schiff's reagent essential for
      formation of the colored compound. However, later chemical and spectroscopic
      studies showed no evidence of-N-sulfinic acids but supported the sulfonic acid
      theory of Prud'homme.

PMID- 1090566
TI  - Inhibition of swarming in Proteus spp. by tannic acid.

PMID- 1090567
TI  - Effect of water activity on heat survival of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella
      typhimurium and Salm. senftenberg.

PMID- 1090568
TI  - Detection of nonintegrated plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid in the folded chromosome
      of Escherichia coli: physiochemical approach to studying the unit of segregation.
AB  - Physiocochemical evidence presented indicates plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
      can associate with host chromosome without linear insertion of the former into
      the latter. This conclusion is based on the observation that covalently closed
      circular (CCC) plasmid DNA can cosediment with undegraded host chromosome in a
      neutral sucrose gradient. When F plus bacteria are lysed under conditions that
      preserve chromosome, approximately 90% of CCC F sex factor plasmid (about 1% of
      the total DNA) is found in folded chromosomes sedimenting at rates between 1,500
      and 4,000s. The remaining 10% of the CCC F DNA sediments at the rate (80S)
      indicative of the free CCC plasmid form. Reconstruction experiments in which 80S,
      CCC F DNA is added to F plus or F minus bacteria before cell lysis show that
      exogenous F DNA does not associate with folded chromosomes. In F plus bacteria, F
      plasmid is harbored at a level of one or two copies per chromosomal equivalent.
      In bacteria producing colicin E1, the genetic determinant of this colicin, the
      Col E1 plasmid, is harbored at levels of 10 to 13 copies per chromosomal
      equivalent; yet, greater than 90% of these plasmids do not cosediment with the
      1,800S species of folded chromosome. However, preliminary evidence suggests one
      or two Col E1 plasmids may associate with the 1,800S folded chromosome. Based on
      evidence presented in this and other papers, we postulate F plasmid can link to
      folded chromosome because the physicochemical structure of the plasmid resembles
      a supercoiled region of the chromosome and, therefore, is able to interact with
      the ribonucleic acid that stabilizes the folded chromosome structure.
      Implications of this model for F plasmid replication and segregation are
      discussed.

PMID- 1090569
TI  - Reinitiation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by deoxyribonucleic acid
      initiation mutants of Escherichia coli: role of ribonucleic acid synthesis,
      protein synthesis, and cell division.
AB  - The dnaA and dnaC genes are thought to code for two proteins required for the
      initiation of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid replication in Escherichia coli.
      When a strain carrying a mutation in either of these genes is shifted from a
      permissive to a restrictive temperature, chromosome replication ceases after a
      period of residual synthesis. When the strains are reincubated at the permissive
      temperature, replication again resumes after a short lag. This reinitiation does
      not require either protein synthesis (as measured by resistance to
      chloramphenicol) or ribonucleic acid synthesis (as measured by resistance to
      rifampin). Thus, if there is a requirement for the synthesis of a specific
      ribonucleic acid to initiate deoxyribonucleic acid replication, this ribonucleic
      acid can be synthesized prior to the time of initiation and is relatively stable.
      Furthermore, the synthesis of this hypothetical ribonucleic acid does not require
      either the dnaA of dnaC gene products. The buildup at the restrictive temperature
      of the potential to reinitiate deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis at the permissive
      temperature shows rather complex kinetics the buildup roughly parallels the rate
      of mass increase of the culture for at least the first mass doubling at the
      restrictive temperature. At later times there appears to be a gradual loss of
      initiation potential despite a continued increase in mass. Under optimal
      conditions the increase in initiation potential can equal, but not exceed, the
      increase in cell division at the restrictive temperature. These results are most
      easily interpreted according to models that postulate a relationship between the
      initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and the processes leading to cell
      division.

PMID- 1090570
TI  - Polynucleotide sequence relationships among Ent plasmids and the relationship
      between Ent and other plasmids.
AB  - Deoxyribonucleic acid-deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization studies reveal that the
      plasmids coding for the production of heat stable and heat labile enteroxtoxins
      of Escherichia coli, regardless of their origin, have a majority of their
      polynucleotide sequences in common, but are not related in any significant way to
      those plasmids coding for the synthesis of only ST toxin. The heat stable and
      heat labile plasmids also share a significant degree of their polynucleotide
      sequences with plasmids of the FI and FII incompatibility groups, but not with R
      factors belonging to the I, N, W, P, or X incompatibility groups.

PMID- 1090571
TI  - Positive selection of mutants with deletions of the gal-chl region of the
      Salmonella chromosome as a screening procedure for mutagens that cause deletions.
AB  - We have developed a convenient and specific positive selection for long deletions
      through the gal region of the chromosomes of Salmonella typhimurium and
      Escherichia coli. Through simultaneous selection for mutations in the two closely
      linked genes, gal and chlA, a variety of deletions of varying length, some
      extending through as much as 1 min of the chromosome, could be readily obtained.
      Many of these deletions resulted in the loss of a gene, which we named dhb,
      concerned with the ability of the bacterium to synthesize the iron chelating
      agent enterobactin. The selection was adapted for the screening of mutagens for
      their ability to generate long deletions in the bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid.
      Forty agents were screened for this capability. Nitrous acid, previously reported
      to be an efficient mutagen for this purpose, increased the frequency of deletion
      mutations 50-fold in our system. Three others, nitrogen mustard, mitomycin C, and
      fast neutrons, were shown to increase the frequency of long deletions between
      five- and eightfold. The remainder were found to be incapable of generating these
      deletions.

PMID- 1090572
TI  - Assay and regulation of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae and Candida utilis.
AB  - A simple and sensitive assay for S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthetase is
      described which depends on the quantitative separation of the product, [14CH3]S
      adenosylmethionine, from the substrate, L-[14CH3]methionine, on a Bio-Rex 70
      column. L-Methionine protects the enzyme during preparation of cell extracts by
      sonic treatment but causes repression of enzyme activity during growth of Candida
      utilis. The presence of 5 mM methionine in the growth medium repressed SAM
      synthetase specific activity threefold compared to the specific acitivity of the
      enzyme isolated from cells grown in unsupplemented medium. Conversely, the
      presence of methionine in the growth medium resulted in an 80-fold increase in
      the intracellular concentration of SAM as compared to the Sam accumulated
      intracellularly in unsupplemented cultures.

PMID- 1090573
TI  - Autolytic enzymes in hyphae of Aspergillus nidulans: their action on old and
      newly formed walls.
AB  - Walls, purified from hyphae of the ascomycete Aspergillus nidulans, autolyzed on
      incubation and liberated glucose, mannose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and
      soluble oligosaccharides. Digestion proceeded at linear rates until approximately
      3% of the wall polymers had been hydrolyzed and then slowed markedly. The change
      in the rate of autolysis was not due to loss of enzyme activity but was caused by
      the disappearance of a fraction of the wall which was highly susceptible to
      digestion. Radioactive labeling showed that this fraction was the newly formed
      wall. The new wall was highly susceptible to enzyme action both when it was
      deposited at the apex in growing hyphae or when deposited laterally in hyphae
      treated with cycloheximide. The relations between wall modification and apical
      growth are discussed.

PMID- 1090574
TI  - Construction of a colicin E1-R factor composite plasmid in vitro: means for
      amplification of deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - A composite plasmid has been constructed in vitro from colicin E1 factor (mass of
      4.2 megadaltons [Md]) and nontransmissible resistance factor RSF 1010 (mass, 5.5.
      Md) deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) by the sequential action of Escherichia coli
      endonuclease (RI (Eco RI) and T4 phage DNA ligase on the covalently closed
      circular forms of the constituents. The composite plasmid was selected and
      amplified in vivo by sequential transformation of E. coli C600 with the ligated
      mixture and selection of transformants in medium containing streptomycin plus
      colicin E1, followed by amplification in the presence of chloramphenicol and
      purification of the extracted plasmid by dye-buoyant density gradient
      centrifugation in ethidium bromide-cesium chloride solution. Treatment of the
      composite plasmid with Eco RI yielded two fragments with mobilities corresponding
      to the linear forms of the parental plasmids, whereas Serratia marscesens
      endonuclease R (SmaR), which introduces a single scission in the colicin E1
      factor but not in RSF 1010, convErted the composite plasmid to a single linear
      molecule (mass, 9.7 Md). Sequential degradation of colicin E1 factor with Sma R
      and Eco RI produced two fragments with masses of 3.5 and 0.7 Md; sequential
      degradation of RSF 1010 produced only one fragment (due to the cleavage with Eco
      RI), and sequential degradation of the composite plasmid produced the expected
      three fragments--an RSF 1010 Eco RI linear and the two expected products from the
      colicin E1 factor moiety. The composite plasmid conferred on the host cell
      resistance to streptomycin, sulfonamides, and colicin E1, but colicin E1 itself
      was not synthesized. In contrast, colicin E1 was synthesized by cells containing
      simultaneously both colicin E1 factor and RSF 1010 as separate entities. In the
      presence of chloramphenicol, the composite plasmid continued to replicate for 6
      h. whereas replication of RSF 1010 and chromosomal DNA stopped within 2 h.
      Continued replication in the presence of chloramphenicol suggests that the
      replicator of the colicin E1 factor is functional in the composite plasmid.

PMID- 1090575
TI  - Recombination and the Escherichia coli K-12 sex factor F.
AB  - Recombination between two Flac tra minus elements to give Flac tra plus
      recombinants was measured in Rec plus and Rec minus strains of Escherichia coli K
      12. Polar tra mutations were used to increase the proportion of tra plus
      recombinants among the parental Flac tra minus elements transferred by
      complementation. The kinetics, measured in a rec plus strain, showed that
      recombination began about 1 h after the initiation of mating and was completed
      about 1 h later. Recombination was abolished in a recA minus strain, reduced by
      two-thirds in a recF minus strain, and unaffected in recB minus and recC minus
      strains. It is proposed that the part not due to the RecF pathway results from a
      RecBC- and RecF-independent system for formation of single-stranded joins. One
      such join could be followed either by transfer and a site-specific recombination
      event, or by a second single-stranded join and then transfer: in either case
      replication and inheritance of the recombinant molecule would be dependent upon
      the F transfer replication system. Chromosome mobilization by an F' element was
      normal in a recB plus recF minus strain, and was reduced only fourfold in a recB
      minus recF plus strain: in the latter strain, both the RecF pathway and the
      system for single-stranded joins may have contributed to mobilization.
      Measurement of post-conjugational chromosomal recombination in exponential-phase
      recipient cells carrying surface exclusion-deficient Flac mutants indicated that
      F does not itself determine a generalized recombination system able to replace
      the RecA plus product or the RecBC and RecF pathways.

PMID- 1090576
TI  - Mapping of colicin E2 and colicin E3 plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid EcoR-1
      sensitive sites.
AB  - Colicin plasmids E2 and E3 (Col E2 and Col E3) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has
      been shown to contain, respectively, two and three EcoR1 restriction endonuclease
      sensitive sites. This was determined by measuring the DNA fragments generated
      after EcoR1 endonuclease treatment by agarose gel electrophoresis and electron
      microscopy. The structure of heteroduplex Col E2-col E3 DNA molecules formed from
      EcoR1-generated fragments permitted a localization of the EcoR1-sensitive sites
      on the plasmid chromosomes.

PMID- 1090577
TI  - Rejoining of radiation-induced single-strand breaks in deoxyribonucleic acid of
      Escherichia coli: effect of phenethyl alcohol.
AB  - Single-strand breaks in deoxyribonucleic acid of Escherichia coli B/r cells
      exposed to 20 krads of gamma radiation could be rejoined by incubation of
      irradiated cells in growth medium. In the presence of 0.25% phenethyl alcohol,
      this repair was completely inhibited although deoxyribonucleic acid and protein
      syntheses were suppressed only partially.

PMID- 1090578
TI  - Lipid synthesis in stringent Escherichia coli: an artifact in acetate labeling of
      phospholipids during a shiftdown in growth rate.
AB  - The use of (14C)acetate to label the phospholipids of stringent Escherichia coli,
      after a decrease in agitation, leads to artifacts resulting from a decrease in
      the specific activity of the acetyl coenzyme A pool.

PMID- 1090579
TI  - Genetic modification of substrate specificity of hypoxanthine
      phosphoribosyltransferase in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium strain GP660 (proAB-gpt deletion, purE) lacks guanine
      phosphoribosyltransferase and hence cannot utilize guanine as a purine source and
      is resistant to inhibition by 8-azaguanine. Strain GP660 was mutagenized and a
      derivative strain (GP36) was isolated for utilization of guanine and
      hypoxanthine, but not xanthine, as purine sources. This alteration was designated
      sug. The strain was then sensitive to inhibition by 8-azaguanine. Column
      chromatographic analysis revealed the altered phosphoribosyltransferase peaks for
      both hypoxanthine and guanine to be located together, in the same position as
      hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (hpt gene product) of the wild-type
      strain. Genetic analysis showed the sug mutation to be allelic with hpt.
      Therefore sug represented a modification of the substrate specificity of the hpt
      gene product.

PMID- 1090580
TI  - Characteristics of cold-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 defective in
      deoxyribonucleic acid replication.
AB  - Four cold-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli have been isolated which show a
      reduced ability to synthesize deoxyribonucleic acid at low temperature. The
      mutants also have a reduced ability to incorporate nucleoside triphosphates into
      deoxyribonucleic acid at low temperature in cell preparations made permeable with
      toluene. All four mutations are located at or near the dnaA locus on the E. coli
      genetic map. They are recessive to the wild-type allele and two of them can be
      integratively suppressed by F episomes.

PMID- 1090581
TI  - Sedimentation analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid from thymine-starved Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - During thymine starvation, strand breaks accumulate in the chromosomal
      deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of Escherichia coli. This effect occurs to a varying
      extent in different strains and is particularly enhanced in strains deficient in
      DNA polymerase I. The inhibition of ribonucleic acid or protein synthesis
      suppresses the accumulation of strand breaks. In a polA strain, rifampin is more
      effective than chloramphenicol or puromycin in suppressing strand break
      accumulation. To a certain extent the pehenomenon othymineless death correlates
      with the appearance of strand breaks. Although the killing can not be explained
      by the bulk of strand breaks, it is possible that some of them represent lethal
      events. On the basis of our observations we proposed the following model. (i)
      Transcription may be accompanied by single-strand breaks in DNA. (ii) DNA
      polymerase I is involved in the efficient repair of these breaks. (iii) Thymine
      deprivation results in the accumulation of unrepaired breaks. (iv) Polymerase I
      mediated repair is less affected by thymine deprivation than are the alternative
      pathways because it closes the breaks with short patches, requiring less thymine.

PMID- 1090582
TI  - F deoxyribonucleic acid transferred to recipient cells in the presence of
      rifampin.
AB  - When Escherichia coli F+ cells resistant to rifampin and streptomycin are mated
      with F- cells sensitive to the antibiotics, a large fraction of F factor
      deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is transferred to the recipient cells in the
      presence of either of the antibiotics, can be recovered as covalently closed,
      circular double-stranded DNA, as in the control mating in the absence of
      antibiotic. Similar results were obtained in the presence of chloramphenicol or
      chloramphenicol plus rifampin. It is suggested that the transferred single
      stranded F DNA can be converted to the covalently closed, circular double
      stranded form in the absence of protein synthesis, and that rifampin-sensitive
      transcription is not required for the conversion.

PMID- 1090583
TI  - F deoxyribonucleic acid superinfected into phenocopies of donor strains.
AB  - When F+ donor cells of Escherichia coli are conjugated with F-, F+, or Hfr
      recipients under the conditions of phenocopy mating, the male recipients are
      found capable of accepting the F episome as effectively as the F- recipients. The
      F deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) superinfected into the male recipients is converted
      to the covalently closed, circular duplex form, as in the F- recipients. It is
      also found that the synthesis of the strand complementary to the transferred
      single strand and its subsequent conversion to the covalently closed, circular
      duplex occur effectively in male recipients as well as in female recipients.
      Under these mating conditions, F-ilv+ episome superinfected to F+ and Hfr cells
      is diluted out during growth, whereas F-ilv+ transferred into F-cells is
      replicated and established in almost all progeny cells. These results suggest
      that the incompatibility of the F episome is not due to the reduction in the rate
      of the conversion of transferred single-straned F DNA to covalently closed,
      circular duplex, but, rather, to an inhibition of further replication of the
      covalently closed, circular F DNA.

PMID- 1090585
TI  - Vinylglycolate resistance in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli K-12 vinylglycolate-resistant mutants have been isolated and
      characterized. Two of the mutants, JSH 150 and JSH 151, have been determined to
      be double mutants, lacking both membrane-bound L-and D-lactate dehydrogenases.
      The lactate transport system is intact in all strains; both radioactive lactate
      and vinylglycolate are actively taken up. Likewise, the phosphoenolypyruvate
      dependent phosphotransferase system for hexose uptake is active. Vinylglycolate,
      previously shown to inhibit the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase
      system, has very little effect in the double mutants. The extent of
      vinylglycolate inhibition in other mutants seems directly related to the activity
      of the lactate dehydrogenases. This indicates that vinylglycolate is oxidized to
      2-keto-3-butenoate before inactivating the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent
      phosphotransferase system. These results were found in whole cells and confirmed
      in isolated membrane vesicles.

PMID- 1090584
TI  - Mapping of the fabD locus for fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli.
AB  - fabD mutants of Escherichia coli contain a thermolabile malonyl-coenzyme A-acyl
      carrier protein transacylase which causes defective fatty acid synthesis and
      temperature-sensitive growth. By conjugation and P1 transduction the fabD locus
      has now been mapped at min 24, between pyrC and purB and close to cat. The order
      of sites is tentatively given as pyrC, cat, fabD, and purB, though the
      orientation of cat and fabD could be reversed. The possible relationship of fabD
      with another mutation lying in this region and also affecting acid synthesis is
      discussed. In the course of these studies we also confirmed the location of the
      fabA gene, determined that poaA lies between fabA and pyrC, and inadvertently
      found that the pyr mutation in strain AT3143 is probably pyrF and not pyrC.

PMID- 1090586
TI  - Kinetics of induced and repressed enzyme synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Our previous work has shown that both induction, after addition of inducer, and
      loss of ability to produce allophanate hydrolase, after removal of inducer,
      proceed more rapidly than expected from the reported half-life of messenger
      ribonucleic acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. As a basis of rectifying these
      observations, we have characterized induction and repression of allophanate
      hydrolase synthesis and find that: (i) induction of the hydrolase begins
      immediately upon addition of inducer, (ii) once induction has been initiated
      removal of inducer does not result in immediate loss of synthetic capacity, (iii)
      induction of the capacity to produce hydrolase can occur in the absence of
      protein synthesis, (iv) the half-life of hydrolase synthetic capacity increases
      if protein synthesis is inhibited, (v) allophanate hydrolase itself is not
      degraded upon removal of inducer, and (vi) induction and repression of
      allophanate hydrolase synthetic capacity likely occurs at the level of
      transcription.

PMID- 1090587
TI  - Escherichia coli K-12 mutant forming a temperature-sensitive D-serine deaminase.
AB  - A single-site mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 able to grow in minimal medium in
      the presence of D-serine at 30 C but not at 42 C was isolated. The mutant forms a
      D-serine deaminase that is much more sensitive to thermal denaturation in vitro
      at temperatures above but not below 47 C than that of the wild type. No
      detectable enzyme is formed by the mutant at 42 C, however, and very little is
      formed at 37 C. The mutant enzyme is probably more sensitive to intracellular
      inactivation at high temperatures than the wild-type enzyme. The mutation lies in
      the dsdA region. The mutant also contains a dsdO mutation, which does not permit
      hyperinduction of D-serine deaminase synthesis.

PMID- 1090588
TI  - Isolation and characterization of D-serine deaminase constitutive mutants by
      utilization of D-serine as sole carbon or nitrogen source.
AB  - Mutants constitutive for D-serine deaminase (Dsdase) synthesis were isolated by
      utilizing D-serine as sole nitrogen or carbon source in the chemostat. This
      method generated only regulatory constitutive (dsdC) mutants. The altered dsdC
      gene product in these strains is apparently able to bind D-serine more
      efficiently than the wild-type dsdC+ gene product--a selective advantage.
      Constitutive synthesis of Dsdase in all of these dsdC mutants is extremely
      sensitive to catabolite repression, and catabolite repression is reversed by the
      addition of D-serine. Of the 15 mutants generated by this method, none are
      suppressible by supD, supE, or supF. Mutations to a low level of constitutivity
      (maximal specific activity of 9) occur much more frequently than mutations to a
      high level (maximal specific activity of 79). High level constitutive synthesis
      of Dsdase results from the synthesis of an altered dsdC gene product--not from
      loss of ability to form the dsdC product. Dsdase synthesis is not regulated by
      the nitrogen supply in the medium, as nitrogen starvation does not result in the
      derepression of Dsdase synthesis.

PMID- 1090589
TI  - Positive control in the D-serine deaminase system of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Two new types of D-serine deaminase (Dsdase)-negative mutants have been isolated
      and characterized. The first fails to synthesize a functional dsdC gene product
      as a result of dsdC- (regulator negative) mutations. The mutations lie in the
      dsdC region, are cis and trans recessive to dsdC+, and give rise to revertants of
      novel regulatory phenotype. The second class consists of Dsdase-negative lysogens
      in which the phenotype is the result of the integration of lambdac1857 Sam7 into
      the dsdC region. Lambda lysates derived from two of the Dsdase-negative lysogens
      can transduce the structural gene for Dsdase (dsdA) but not the dsdC region. The
      dsdC+ gene product had no repressor effect on constitutive synthesis in a strain
      containing a dsdO (initiator constitutive) and a dsdC- mutation. These and other
      findings indicate that control of Dsdase synthesis is strictly positive. The
      partial trans effect of the dsdC+ gene product on constitutive synthesis in dsdCc
      (regulator constitutive) strains can thus be explained by "subunit mixing"
      between active dsdCc subunits and dsdC+ subunits which are inactive in the
      absence of the inducer, D-serine. The order of genes in the dsd region is supN
      dsdC-dsdP-dsdA-aroC.

PMID- 1090590
TI  - Solubilization of Escherichia coli nitrate reductase by a membrane-bound
      protease.
AB  - Nitrate reductase extracted from the membrane of Escherichia coli by alkaline
      heat treatment was purified to homogeneity and used to prepare specific antibody.
      Nitrate reductase, precipitated by this antibody from Triton extracts of the
      membrane, contained a third subunit not present in the purified enzyme used to
      prepare the antibody. Nitrate reductase precipitated by antibody from alkaline
      heat extracts was composed of peptide fragments of various sizes. These fragments
      were produced by a membrane-bound protease which was activated by alkaline pH and
      heat. It is the action of this protease that releases the enzyme from the
      membrane, as shown by the observations that protease inhibitors decreased the
      amount of solubilization of the enzyme, and the enzyme remaining in the membrane
      after heating showed much less proteolytic cleavage than that which was released.

PMID- 1090591
TI  - Anaerobic cytochrome b1 in Escherichia coli: association with and regulation of
      nitrate reductase.
AB  - Nitrate reductase solubilized from the membrane of Escherichia coli by alkaline
      heat treatment was purified to homogeneity and used to prepare specific antibody.
      Nitrate reductase, precipitated by this antibody from Triton extracts of the
      membrane, contained a third subunit, not present in the purified enzyme used to
      prepare the antibody. This third subunit was identified as the cytochrome b1
      apoprotein. This cytochrome is bound to nitrate reductase from wild-type E. coli
      in a ratio of 2 mol of cytochrome per mol of enzyme complex. In mutants unable to
      synthesize heme, this cytochrome b1 apoprotein is not bound to nitrate reductase.
      In these same mutants, the enzyme is overproduced and accumulates in the
      cytoplasm. The absence of cytochrome also affects the stability of the membrane
      bound form of the enzyme.

PMID- 1090592
TI  - Synthesis of nitrate reductase components in chlorate-resistant mutants of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Specific antibody to purified nitrate reductase from Escherichia coli was used to
      identify enzyme components present in mutants which lack functional nitrate
      reductase. chlA and B mutants contained all three subunits present in the wild
      type enzyme. Different peptides with a broad range of molecular weights could be
      precipitated from chlCmutants, and chlE mutants contained either slightly
      degraded enzyme subunits or no precipitable protein. No mutants produced
      significant amounts of cytoplasmic enzyme. The chlA and B loci are suggested to
      function in the synthesis and attachment of a molybdenum-containing factor. The
      chlC locus is suggested to be the structural gene for nitrate reductase subunit A
      and chlE is suggested to be involved in the synthesis of the cytochrome b1
      apoprotein.

PMID- 1090593
TI  - Effects of methotrexate on intraperiplasmic and axenic growth of Bdellovibrio
      bacteriovorus.
AB  - The intraperiplasmic growth rate and cell yield of wild-type Bdellovibrio
      bacteriovorus 109J, growing on Escherichia coli of normal composition as the
      substrate, were not markedly inhibited by 10-3 M methotrexate (4-amino-N10
      methylpteroylglutamic acid). In contrast, the growth rate and cell yield of the
      mutant 109Ja, growing axenically in 0.5% yeast extract +0.15% peptone, were
      strongly inhibited by 10-4 and 10-3 M methotrexate. Thymine, thymidine, and
      thymidine-5'-monophosphate, in increasing order of effectiveness, partially or
      completely reversed the inhibition. E. coli depleted of tetrahydrofolate and
      having an abnormally high protein/deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ratio was obtained
      by growing it in the presence of methotrexate. B. bacteriovourus grew at a normal
      rate on these depleted E. coli cells but with somewhat reduced cell yield.
      Mexthotrexate (10-3 M) inhibited intraperiplasmic growth of bdellovibrio on the
      depleted E. coli somewhat more than it inhibited growth on normal E. coli, but
      the effects were small compared with inhibition of axenic growth of the  mutant.
      Total bdellovibrio DNA after growth on the depleted E. coli in the presence or
      absence of methotrexate exceeded the initial quanity of E. coli DNA present.
      Thymidine-5'-monophosphate (10-3 M) largely reversed the inhibition and increased
      the amount of net synthesis of DNA. The data are consistent with the prediction
      that intraperiplasmic growth of B. bacteriovorus should be insensitive to all
      metabolic inhibitors that act by specifically preventing synthesis of essential
      monomers. The data also indicate that B. bacteriovorus possesses thymidylate
      synthetase, thymidine phosphorylase, and thymidine kinase, and has the potential
      to carry out de novo DNA synthesis from non-DNA precursors during
      intraperiplasmic growth. The results also suggest that methionyl tRNAfMet is not
      required for initiation of protein synthesis by B. bacteriovorus.

PMID- 1090594
TI  - Utilization of nucleoside monophosphates per Se for intraperiplasmic growth of
      Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus.
AB  - During growth of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on Escherichia coli, there was a
      marked preferential use of E. coli phosphorus over exogenous orthophosphate even
      though the latter permeated into the intraperiplasmic space where the
      bdellovibrio was growing. This preferential use occurred to an equal extent for
      lipid phosphorus and nucleic acid phosphorus. Exogenous thymidine-5'
      monophosphate competed effectively with [3H]thymine residues of E. coli as a
      precursor for bdellovibrio deoxyribonucleic acid; exogenous thymidine competed
      less effectively and thymine and uridine not at all. A mixture of exogenous
      nucleoside-5'-monophosphates equilibrated effectively with E. coli phosphorus as
      a phosphorus source for B. bacteriovorus; the nucleotide phosphorus entered
      preferentially into bdellovibrio nucleic acids. A comparable mixture of exogenous
      nucleosides plus orthophosphate had only a small effect on utilization of E. coli
      phosphorus by B. bacteriovorus, as did orthophosphate alone. A mixture of
      exogenous deoxyriboside monophosphates equilibrium effectively with E. coli
      phosphorus as a phosphorus source for bdellovibrio growth; the phosphorus from
      this source entered preferentially into deoxyribonucleic acid. These data show
      that nucleoside monophosphates derived from the substrate organism are utilized
      directly for n-cleic acid biosynthesis by B. bacteriovorus growing
      intraperiplasmically. As a consequence, the phosphate ester bonds preexisting in
      the nucleic acids of the substrate organism are conserved by the bdellovibrio,
      presumably lessening its energy requirement for intraperiplasmic growth. The data
      also suggest, but do not prove, that the phosphate ester bonds of phospholipids
      are also conserved.

PMID- 1090595
TI  - Incorporation of long-chain fatty acids of the substrate organism by Bdellovibrio
      bacteriovorus during intraperiplasmic growth.
AB  - Data are presented showing that a large proportion of the fatty acids of
      Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus grown intraperiplasmically are derived unaltered from
      the fatty acids of its substrate organism. Those fatty acids of the bdellovibrio
      not homologous with those of the substrate organism are derived mainly by
      metabolic alteration of preexisting fatty acids in the latter. De novo synthesis
      from acetate occurs only to a small extent. These characteristics of bdellovibrio
      physiology are in part responsible for its minimal energy expenditure for
      intraperiplasmic growth. The data presented also indicate that B. bacteriovorus
      is capable of hydrogenating unsaturated fatty acids, of beta-oxidation of fatty
      acids, and of regulating the proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
      in the lipids.

PMID- 1090596
TI  - Energy efficiency of intraperiplasmic growth of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus.
AB  - The Y-ATP (energy efficiency) of intraperiplasmic growth of Bdellovibrio
      bacteriovorus was determined from the distribution of radioactivity of the
      substrate organism ([U-14C]Escherichia coli) btween CO2 and bdellovibrio cells at
      the end of growth. A "best" Y-ATP value of 18.5 was obtained from single growth
      cycle experiments and an average value of 25.9 from multicycle experiments. Both
      values are much higher than the usual value of 10.5 for bacteria growing in rich
      media. The bases for the unusual energy efficiency for growth of B. bacteriovorus
      are discussed.

PMID- 1090597
TI  - Molecular mechanisms of accommodation in Escherichia coli to toxic levels of
      Cd2+.
AB  - Cells of Escherichia coli strain B develop large intracellular vacuoles and
      exhibit an abnormally long lag phase when inoculated into a defined medium to
      glucose and salts containing 3 times 10-6 M Cd2+. Early in this lag, about 95% of
      the cells fail to form colonies when plated on nutrient broth-NaCl-agar. Prior to
      the initiation of proliferation, the morphology of these cells becomes normal.
      They regain viability in the absence of deoxyribonucleic acid replication. The
      rate and extent of growth are normal once proliferation begins. This reversible
      phenomenon of accommodation to a growth-inhibiting concentration of Cd2+ does not
      appear to result from a selection of mutant cells. Cells which are proliferating
      in the presence of Cd2+ accumulate the ion to a very high concentration. In
      membranes and 31% in the cytoplasm. In unaccommodated cells, the figures are 2%,
      75%, and 23%, respectively. The activity of alkaline phosphatase, a zinc
      metalloenzyme which is inhibited by cadmum and is located between cell wall and
      membrane, is not abnormally low in accommodated cells, suggesting that the cadmim
      is compartmentalized in these cells. Molecular sieve chromatography of cell
      extracts shows that the Cd2+ is associated with two classes of macromolecules. It
      appears that accommodation of E. coli to the presence of Cd2+ involves exclusion
      of the ion from the cell and reversal of damage caused by prior exposure to the
      ion.

PMID- 1090598
TI  - Correlation between thymineless elimination and absence of hsp II (EcoRII)
      specificity in N-group R factors.
AB  - Examination of R factors from 12 different compatibility groups shows that
      thymineless elimination is apparently confined to N-group plasmids that lack the
      hsp II (EcoRII) restriction specificity.

PMID- 1090599
TI  - Role of ribonucleic acid synthesis in replication of deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - An experiment previously interpreted to show a ribonucleic acid requirement for
      propagation of deoxyribonucleic replication is reexamined and the earlier
      interpretation is shown to be incorrect.

PMID- 1090600
TI  - Procedure for isolating mutants defective in metabolite transport or utilization.
AB  - Mutants defective in uptake or utilization of a given metabolite can readily be
      obtained from facultative auxotrophs (for that metabolite) by penicillin
      enrichment under nonpermissive conditions in the presence of a low level of the
      required metabolite.

PMID- 1090601
TI  - Stability of Escherichia coli polysomes at high hydrostatic pressure.
AB  - The stability of Escherichia coli polysomes at increased hydrostatic pressure was
      investigated in actively growing cells, in which the initiation of transcription
      was blocked by rifampin. In these cells, [3-H]uridine incorporation into
      messenger ribonucleic acid and the subsequent degradation of the message (and
      therefore of polysomes) by ribonuclease could be observed. Evidence is presented
      that the activity of the RNases is unaffected by a pressure of 680 atm, that
      protein synthesis is completely inhibited at 680 atm but immediately resumes at
      the 1 atm rate on release of pressure, and that no degradation of messenger
      ribonucleic acid in polysomes occurs at 680 atm. The effects of pressure;
      puromycin, and chloramphenicol on polysomal degradation are discussed. These
      results indicate that, contrary to some previous reports, polysomes are probably
      stabilized by high pressures. Therefore, we consider that polysomal instability
      is not a factor in the inhibition of protein synthesis by high pressures.

PMID- 1090602
TI  - Biochemistry and genetics of Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant strains unable to fix
      N2.
AB  - Selected mutant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae that are unable to fix nitrogen
      have been characterized according to nitrogenase component activity as well as
      antigenic cross-reacting material. The lesions in these strains have been mapped
      by transduction, and the results indicate that there are at least five genes
      specifically responsible for nitrogen fixation in vivo. Besides genes that
      specify the structure of the two nitrogenase components, there is a gene for a
      factor that is required for component I activity and a gene that codes for a
      factor possibly involved in electron transport to component II. A mutation in
      another site does not allow the organism to produce either of the nitrogenase
      components. All of these genes are co-transducible with the gene that specifics
      the structure of histidinol dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1090603
TI  - Regulation of branched-chain aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases in
      an ilvDAC deletion strain of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Valyl-, isoleucyl-, and leucyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase formation was
      compared in isogenic strains of Escherichia coli K-12 that differed only in that
      one strain carried a deletion of three genes of the ilv gene cluster, ilvD, -A,
      and -C. It was found that: (i) the activities of these synthetases in the
      deletion strain were less than those in the normal strain during growth in
      minimal medium supplemented with excess isoleucine, valine, and leucine, and (ii)
      their stability was reduced in the deletion strain during specific branched-chain
      amino acid limitations. The results of density-labeling experiments suggest that
      the in vivo stability of valyl-, isoleucyl-, and leucyl-transfer ribonucleic acid
      synthetases requires some product missing in the ilvDAC deletion strain.

PMID- 1090604
TI  - Integration of R plasmid Rts1 to the gal region of the Escherichia coli
      chromosome.
AB  - An R plasmid Rts1 was integrated into the gal region of the chromosome of
      Escherichia coli XA-7012 (galE) strain by the directed transposition technique.
      The integration of the Rts1 genome was confirmed mainly by conjugation studies
      and also by transduction experiments using phage P1. As a result, it was found
      that the integrated genome contained genes responsible for kanamycin resistance,
      conjugal transferability, and for autonomous replication. As reported previously,
      Rts1 is temperature sensitive in replication and inhibits the growth of the host
      at nonpermissive temperature. However, although a plasmid derived from the
      integrated Rts1 genome still demonstrates temperature sensitivity upon transfer
      and high level of kanamycin resistance, this plasmid no longer displays
      temperature sensitivity in replication and the inhibitory effect on the host.
      These results indicate that the temperature sensitivity of replication of Rts1
      and its inhibitory effect on the host cell are due to the presence of a gene or
      gene cluster on the Rts1 genome and that the gene(s) is clearly discriminated
      from the one responsible for the temperature sensitivity of transfer.

PMID- 1090605
TI  - Model for the enchancement of lambde-gal integration into partially induced Mu-1
      lysogens.
AB  - Temperate phage Mu-1, which is able to integrate at random in its host
      chromosome, is also able to mediate integration of other circular
      deoxyribonucleic acid, as a lambda-gal mutant unable to integrate by itself.
      After mixed infection with lambda-gal and Mucplus, galplus transductants are
      recovered that have the lambda-gal integrated in any circular permutation,
      sandwiched between two complete Mu genomes in the same orientation, the whole Mu
      lambda-gal-Mu structure being found at any location in the bacterial chromosome.
      Here we show that such a lambda-gal can integrate in an induced Mu lysogen. In
      this case the lambda-gal is again in any circular permutation, between two Mu in
      the same orientation, but it is always located at the site of the original Mu
      prophage, and the two surrounding Mu have always the same genotype as the
      original Mu prophage. Active Mu replication functions are not essential for that
      process to occur. This suggests that bacterial replication may generate two Mu
      copies that in some way can regenerate a Mu attachment site that recombines with
      the lambda-gal. A model is presented that accounts for these observations, may be
      helpful for understanding some complex features of Mu development, and may
      possibly offer a basis for explaining spontaneous duplications.

PMID- 1090606
TI  - Accumulation of the capacity of initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid replication
      in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Several temperature-sensitive initiation mutants of Escherichia coli were
      examined for the ability to initiate more than one round of replication after
      being held at nonpermissive temperature for approximately 1.5 generation
      equivalents. The capacity for initiation was measured by residual synthesis
      experiments and rate experiments under conditions where protein synthesis and
      ribonucleic acid synthesis were inhibited. Results of the rate and density
      transfer experiments suggest that the cells may initiate more than one round of
      replication in the absence of protein or ribonucleic acid synthesis. This
      contrasts with the results of the residual synthesis experiments which suggest
      that, under these conditions, only one round of synthesis is achieved. These
      findings suggest that the total amount of residual synthesis achieved in the
      presence of an inhibitor may be both a function of the number of initiation
      events which occur and the effect of the inhibitor of protein or ribonucleic acid
      synthesis on chain elongation.

PMID- 1090607
TI  - Temperature-sensitive recA mutant of Escherichia coli K-12: deoxyribonucleic acid
      metabolism after ultraviolet irradiation.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 temperature sensitive for genetic recombination
      was investigated and found to carry a mutation that could be cotransduced with
      cysC and hence could be in the recA gene. To determine whether recA+ can
      complement this mutation, matings were carried out at 35 and 40 C between Hfr
      donors that transfer recA+ or recA1 early and recipients carrying wild-type or
      mutant alleles. It was found that recA+ but not recA1 complements this mutation
      in zygotic temporary partial diploids. The mutant allele was accordingly
      designated recA44. A transductant carrying recA44 behaved normally at low
      temperatures but more like recA- strains at high temperatures with respect to
      recombinant colony formation in Hfr matings, cell survival, and deoxyribonucleic
      acid (DNA) synthesis after ultraviolet irradiation, cellular DNA breakdown, and
      prophage induction when lysogenic for lambda. Alkaline sucrose sedimentation
      studies of DNA from recA44 cells showed that short DNA molecules synthesized
      immediately after ultraviolet irradiation increased in molecular weight during
      subsequent incubation at 32 C but not at 45 C. Hence, recA+ is required for this
      molecular weight increase. Cells exposed to ultraviolet light synthesized DNA
      that remained of low molecular weight during a 40-min incubation at 32 C. This
      material increased in molecular weight in recArut not in recA44 cells during
      subsequent incubation at 45 C. Thus, the availability of recA+ during the first
      40 min at 32 C after irradiation did not obviate the need for recA+ in the
      subsequent phases of this post-replication repair process.

PMID- 1090608
TI  - Dose dependence of the excision of ultraviolet-induced pyrimidine dimers from
      nuclear deoxyribonucleic acids of haploid and diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The yield of ultraviolet-induced dimers is similar for a fixed dose in both
      haploid and diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The excision of these photo
      products from the nuclear deoxyribonucleic acids of cells of both ploidies after
      ultraviolet incident doses of 2 times 10-3 to 4 times 10-3 ergs/mm2 decreased
      with the corresponding increasing dose. Postirradiation incubation in saline
      followed by a further incubation in nutrient medium increases the excision as
      compared to that seen in either nutrient medium or saline alone. Previous data
      regarding both pyrimidine dimer removal and the survival of haploid and diploid
      cells after ultraviolet irradiation and either immediate or delayed plating are
      discussed.

PMID- 1090609
TI  - Strain of Escherichia coli with a temperature-sensitive mutation affecting
      ribosomal ribonucleic acid accumulation.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli has been isolated that has a temperature-sensitive
      mutation that results in specific loss of ribosomal ribonucleic acid (RNA)
      synthesis and some reduction in messenger RNA synthesis. When the strain was
      grown in glucose medium at a restrictive temperature, RNA accumulation ceased,
      but both messenger RNA and protein synthesis continued for an extended time.
      Because carbon metabolism was slowed drastically when strain AA-157 was placed at
      the restrictive temperature, this phenotype can be compared with carbon depletion
      conditions present during diauxic lag. However, the phenotype of mutant AA-157
      differs from shift-down conditions in that guanosine-3',5'-tetraphosphate levels
      are unaffected; therefore, a different site is affected. This mutant strain (AA
      157) thus shows many characteristics similar to an aldolase mutant previously
      reported (Bock and Neidhardt, 1966). However, the mutation occurred in a
      different position on the E. coli genetic map, and furthermore, aldolase was not
      temperature sensitive in strain AA-157. In this paper we present a study of
      macromolecular biosynthesis in this mutant.

PMID- 1090610
TI  - Adenylate energy charge in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during starvation.
AB  - Bakers' yeast cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, if grown aerobically on ethanol or
      if grown aerobically on glucose and allowed to pass into stationary phase, with
      utilization of accumulated ethanol, maintain a normal value (0.8 to 0.9) of the
      adenylate energy charge during prolonged starvation. In contrast, cells grown
      anaerobically on glucose and cells in the early stages of aerobic growth on
      glucose exhibit a rapid decrease of energy charge if transferred to medium
      lacking on energy source. These results suggest that functional mitochondria or
      enzymes of balance of adenine nucleotides during starvation. Yeast cells remain
      viable at energy charge values below 0.1, in marked contrast to results
      previously obtained with Escherichia coli. In other respects, the engery charge
      responses of yeast to starvation and refeeding are generally similar to those
      previously reported for E. coli.

PMID- 1090611
TI  - Bacteriophage resistance in Escherichia coli K-12: general pattern of resistance.
AB  - Resistant mutants were isolated to 42 virulent bacteriophages in one strain of
      Escherichia coli K-12 and tested for resistance or sensitivity to a set of 56
      bacteriophages. Most of the mutants fell into 11 groups with respect to their
      resistance patterns. It was possible to classify the bacteriophages broadly,
      according to the variety of mutants that were resistant to them.

PMID- 1090613
TI  - The deoxyribonucleic acid unwinding protein of Escherichia coli. Properties and
      functions in replication.
AB  - The DNA unwinding protein of Escherichia coli (Sigal, N., Delius, H., Kornberg,
      T., Gefter, M., and Alberts, B. (1972) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69, 3537
      3541) has been purified to homogeneity by a simple procedure which utilizes its
      stability to heating. The protein is an asymmetric tetramer of 18,500 dalton
      subunits which binds preferentially to single-stranded DNA at a ratio of one
      protein molecule per 32 nucleotides. Binding to DNA is complete in less than 10 s
      at 0 degrees while release of the protein from single-stranded DNA is relatively
      slow even at 37 degrees. A simple functional assay for unwinding protein depends
      on its essential role in the conversion of phage G4 single-stranded DNA to the
      replicative form. Unwinding protein stimulates initiation of replication of all
      single-stranded phage DNAs. Approximately 300 copies of unwinding protein are
      present per cell, as estimated by antibody titration, an amount sufficient to
      cover substantial lengths of DNA in several replicating forks.

PMID- 1090612
TI  - Regulation of ribosomal protein synthesis in Escherichia coli B/r.
AB  - The differential synthesis rate of ribosomal protein (r-protein), alpha-r
      (synthesis rate of r-protein divided by synthesis rate of total protein), was
      measured during the cell division cycle. It was observed that alpha-r remained
      essentially constant and was not measurably affected by duplication of the r
      protein gene cluster (i.e., str-spc region) during the process of chromosome
      replication. It was further observed that the rate of total protein synthesis and
      r-protein synthesis increased continuously and uniformly during the entire cell
      cycle. This gene dosage independence of the synthesis rate of r-protein was
      similar to that observed earlier for the synthesis of ribosomal ribonucleic acid
      (rRNA). These observations indicate that the synthesis rates of the protein and
      RNA components of the ribosome are coordinately balanced during the entire cell
      division cycle and are not significantly perturbed by duplication of the r
      protein or rRNA genes. Furthermore, this balanced synthesis insures that neither
      free rRNA nor free r-protein accumulate in appreciable amounts during balanced
      growth.

PMID- 1090614
TI  - Reactive half-cystine peptides of the secretory component of human exocrine
      immunoglobulin A.
AB  - On the basis of previous work the two forms of human secretory component, namely
      that which is covalently bound as a part of the exocrine immunoglobulin A
      molecule and the free form, are probably different states of the same protein.
      From autoradiographs of trypic peptide maps of bound and free secretory
      components which were radioactively alkylated after partial reduction, it was
      concluded that the same half-cystines in each are sensitive to reduction. in the
      present work the easily reduced half-cystines of the bound and free secretory
      components have been studies in more detail. In each form there are two such half
      cystines. In the case of bound secretory component they provide the linkage to
      the remainder of the exocrine immunoglobulin A molecule. Peptides from the
      sensitive half-cystines were isolated from tryptic-peptic digests of free
      secretory component and sequenced. By diagonal electrophoresis these two peptides
      were shown to be joined in an intrachain disulfide bridge. Therefore, it is
      proposed that the exocrine immunoglobulin A molecule becomes fully assembled when
      a single, reactive intrachain disulfide bridge in free secretory component
      rearranges to yeild two interchain bridges with dimeric serum-type immunoglobulin
      A. This process is thought to occur within the epithelial lining cells of mucous
      membranes.

PMID- 1090615
TI  - Small ribonucleic acid molecules produced during ribosome biosynthesis in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A 5.8 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is found noncovalently bound to the 25 S RNA in the
      60 S subunit of yeast ribosomes. Both molecules appear to be derived from the 27
      S RNA, a ribosomal precursor species (Uden, S. A., and Warner, J. R. (1972) J.
      Mol. biol. 65, 227-242). We have detected two other RNA species by pulse labeling
      which may also be produced during 27 S RNA processing. The first is approximately
      5.9 S and appears by kinetics of synthesis to be a direct precursor of 5.8 S
      rRNA. The second species is about 7 S, is absent from uniformly labeled RNA
      preparations, and is produced coincidentally with the 5.8 S rRNA. Both the 5.9 S
      RNA and the 7 S RNA are not produced in mutants defective in ribosome
      biosynthesis (Hartwell, L. H., McLaughlin, C. S., and Warner, J. R. (1970) Mol.
      Gen. Genet. 109, 42-56) which are unable to make the 25 S-5.8 S rRNA complex from
      27 S RNA. Thus, the maturation of 27 S RNA appears to involve the production of a
      7 S RNA, which could be either a precursor or a nonconserved RNA region, and a
      5.9 S RNA, most of which is trimmed to give the mature 5.8 S rRNA in the 25 S-5.8
      S rRNA complex of 60 S subunits.

PMID- 1090616
TI  - The activity of oligonucleotides containing guanosine 5'-triphosphate in protein
      synthesis. I. The interaction of protein synthesis elongation factor I with
      cytidylyl (5'-3')-guanosine 5'-triphosphate.
AB  - The interaction of protein synthesis elongation factor 1 (EF-1) from wheat
      embryos and elongation factor Tu from Escherichia coli with cytidylyl(5'
      3')guanosine 5'-triphosphate(pppGpC) has been studied. The dinucleotide 5'
      triphosphate interacts strongly with EF-1 as evidenced by its capacity to inhibit
      the binding of [3H]GTP to the factor. The analogs pGpC and GpC do not interfere
      with GTP binding to EF-1 but guanosine 5'-triphosphate cyclic 2',3'-monophosphate
      and ppGpC are also potent inhibitors. The binding of the dinucleotide 5'
      triphosphate to EF-1 was also demonstrated directly by the nitrocellulose
      retention method and by Sephadex G-50 fractionation using a radioactive analog
      iodinated with 125I in the 5 position of the cytosine of pppGpC. The dinucleotide
      triphosphate can replace GTP in the formation of a ternary complex EF-1-aminoacyl
      tRNA-GTP and in its requirement for the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes
      catalyzed by EF-1. The absolute requirement for GTP in an in vitro polypeptide
      synthesizing system can also be met by pppGpC and by guanosine 5'-triphosphate
      cyclic 5',3'-monophosphate. The bacterial factor EF-Tu differs drastically from
      eukaryotic EF-1 in its nucleotide specificity since EF-Tu only interacts slightly
      (if at all) with pppGpC. The low inhibition of [3H]GTP binding to EF-Tu by pppGpC
      could be due to a slight contamination in the latter compound.

PMID- 1090617
TI  - Methylation and processing of transfer ribonucleic acid in mammalian and
      bacterial cells.
AB  - The relationship between the methylation and processing of tRNA in both bacterial
      and mammalian cell systems was investigated by assessing the methylation of an
      existing population of precursor-tRNAs in the absence of tRNA synthesis. When the
      synthesis of tRNA in Escherichia coli B (rifampicin) and human KB cells
      (actinomycin D) was inhibited with the appropriate antibiotic, the incorporation
      of [3H[methyl groups into tRNA (via [methyl-3H]methionine labeling) rapidly
      declined with time and was essentially complete within 30 and 60 min,
      respectively. Although antibiotic treatment predictably reduced the incorporation
      of methyl groups into tRNA, it also resulted in significant changes in the
      distribution of the type of methylated products formed. Thus, for KB cells the
      marked increases in the per cent of radioactivity incorporated into 2'-0
      methylribose derivatives, N2-methylguanine, and 3-methylcytosine of tRNA
      preparation pre-chased with actinomycin D for progressively longer periods of
      time prior to labeling with [methyl-3H]methionine led to the interpretation that
      these methylated constituents were formed predominantly during the late stages of
      tRNA maturation. Similarly, progessive and marked decreases in 1-, 7-, and N2, N2
      methylguanine, and moderate decreases in 1-methyladenosine, 5-methylcytosine, and
      5-methyluracil revealed that these methylated products were formed primarily
      during the early and intermediate stages of maturation, respectively. Similar
      analysis of E. coli B methylation products indicated that the bulk of methyl
      groups incorporated into the base moieties of tRNA (1- and 7-methylguanine, 2-
      and N6-methyladenine, and 5-methyluracil) occurred prior to the formation of 2'-0
      methylribose derivatives. Additional evidence is presented which negates the
      possibility that an ancillary action of these antibiotics was the inhibition of
      specific tRNA-methyl-transferase enzymes.

PMID- 1090618
TI  - Evidence for the allosteric regulation of glycogen synthesis in the intact
      Escherichia coli cell. Agreement of the values of the parameters of the Hill
      equation fitted to data for glycogen synthesis in vivo with the abailable values
      obtained in vitro with adenosine diphosphoglucose synthetase.
AB  - In various nutrient-limited cultures of either Escherichia coli W4597(K) or G34 a
      10-fold range of rates of glycogen synthesis is observed while the energy charge
      values (0.86 plus or minus 0.01) and glucose 6-phosphate levels are essentially
      the same in each condition. The steady state level of fructose 1,6-diphosphate in
      these cultures varies from experiment to experiment as a function of the observed
      rate of glycogen synthesis. These data were fitted to the Hill equation by a
      nonlinear regression analysis and the statistically most probable values obtained
      for the Hill coefficient (n), A0.5, and V were, respectively, 2.08, 0.82mM, and
      1030 mumol/g of protein per hour. The values of the first two parameters agree
      well with values available at energy charge 0.85 for the in vitro synthesis of
      ADPG by the ADPG synthetase of E. coli. When the difference in the glucose 1
      phosphate concentration used in the studies in vitro from the apparent glucose 1
      phosphate concentration in vivo (estimated from the glucose 6-phosphate levels)
      is considered, the in vitro value of V (1140 mumol of ADPG synthesized per g of
      protein per hour) is quite similar to the value of V (1030 mumol of glucose
      incorporated into glycogen per g of protein per hour) for glycogen synthesis in
      vivo. The close agreement of the values of the parameters of the Hill equation
      for glycogen synthesis in vivo to the values obtained for ADPG synthesis in vitro
      provides the most quantitative evidence yet obtained that allosteric regulation
      of bacterial glycogen synthesis functions in vivo.

PMID- 1090619
TI  - Cleavage of Nonglucosylated Bacteriophage T4 deoxyribonucleic acid by Restriction
      Endonuclease Eco RI.
AB  - DNAs lacking the glucosyl modification (Glc-) and additionally lacking the 6
      methylaminopurine (N6-methyladenine) modification (Glc-, MeAde-) were prepared
      from appropriate T4 mutants. These DNAs were cleaved by the purified restriction
      endonuclease Eco TI from Escherichia coli. Normally modified DNA (Glc+, MeAde+)
      was not attached. The Eco RII and the hemophilus enzymes Hin dII and Hin dIII do
      not attack Glc-, MeAde- T DNA, possibly due to the presence of 6
      hydroxymethylcytosine. Eco RI produces approximately 40 specific fragments from
      Glc- DNA ranging in molecular weights from 0.3 to 10.5 X 10-6.

PMID- 1090620
TI  - Escherichia coli ribosomal ribonucleic acids are not cut from an intact precursor
      molecule.
AB  - Ribonuclease III-deficient strains of Escherichia coli accumulate a "30 S" RNA
      species. Kinetic analysis of label incorporated into rRNA species shows, however,
      that 30 S RNA is not the major precursor to the 16 S and 23 S RNA species is in 7
      to 10-fold excess over that into 30 S RNA. The 30 S RNA species turns over with
      a half-life of about 2.5 min, which could account for no more than one-tenth of
      the incorporation into 16 S plus 23 S RNA. Thus, under these conditions RNase III
      strains of E. coli do not cut rRNAs from an intact tandem precursor molecule but
      rather from the elongating nascent transcript, possibly by an alternate pathway
      not involving RNase III.

PMID- 1090621
TI  - George William Gower, 1887-1974.

PMID- 1090623
TI  - Geoffrey Platt, 1911-1974.

PMID- 1090622
TI  - Henry Walden Fitzgerald, 1903-1974.

PMID- 1090624
TI  - Trefor Llewellyn Bowen, 1932-1974.

PMID- 1090625
TI  - Hans Debrunner, 1889-1974.

PMID- 1090626
TI  - Puliyar Krishnaswami Duraiswami, 1912-1974.

PMID- 1090627
TI  - Observations on the induction of bone in soft tissues.
AB  - Using bone decalcified with 0-6 N hydrochloric acid as an inducing agent, the
      inductive capacity of different soft tissue sites was investigated. Muscle and
      fascia regularly permitted the induction of bone, while spleen, liver and kidney
      suppressed bone induction. Bone formation could be induced in these organs if
      living autologous fascia was implanted together with the inducing agent; while
      bone formation was inhibited when living autologous spleen tissue was implanted
      with the inducing agent to normally favourable sites. The administration of
      systemic heparin and the diphosphonate ethane-1-hydroxyl, 1-diphosphonic acid
      (EHDP) suppressed bone induction. It is suggested that for bone induction to
      occur in soft tissues, three conditions must be present: 1) an inducing agent; 2)
      an osteogenic precursor cell; and 3) an environment which is permissive to
      osteogenesis. The presence of osteogenic inhibitors in spleen, liver and kidney
      is postulated.

PMID- 1090628
TI  - Posterior psoas transfer and hip instability in lumbar myelomeningocele.
AB  - Seventy-two posterior psoas transfer operations performed in forty-four children
      with lumbar myelomeningocele were reviewed one to eight years after operation in
      an attempt to assess its value. Muscle charting, an objective recording of the
      child's walking ability, and radiographic examination of the hips were done. Hip
      stability was improved: 49 per cent were stable at the time of psoas transfer and
      94 per cent at review. Functional results depend mainly on the level of
      neurological activity present: 57 per cent of the children had an acceptable
      functional result. Usually, posterior psoas transfer should be done as soon after
      the age of nine months as the child's condition will allow. Over the age of two
      years it should be restricted to children with activity in the third and fourth
      segments of the lumbar cord.

PMID- 1090630
TI  - The basal apparatus. Mass isolation from the molluscan ciliated gill epithelium
      and a preliminary characterization of striated rootlets.
AB  - The basal apparatus, consisting of an array of interconnected basal bodies
      bearing bifurcating striated rootlets encompassing a nucleus, has been isolated
      from hypertonically deciliated columnar gill epithelial cells of the bay scallop
      Aequipecten irradians through gentle lysis with Triton X-100. The rootlets, 8-10
      mum in length, were not easily preserved with conventional electron microscope
      fixatives, suggesting that the extent of their contribution to cellular
      architecture has been somewhat underestimated, even though Englemann described
      many of the structural details of the basal apparatus in 1880. The striated
      rootlets were soluble at high but not at low pH, in 2 M solutions of sodium azide
      and potassium thiocyanate but not sodium or potassium chloride, in 1%
      deoxycholate but not digitonin, and in the denaturing solvents 6 M guanidine-HC1,
      8 M urea, and 1% sodium dodecylsulfate at 100 degrees C. The protein found
      consistently when rootlets were solubilized migrated on SDS-polyacrylamide gels
      as a closely spaced doublet with apparent molecular weights of 230,000 and
      250,000 daltons. This unique protein, distinct from tropocollagen or various
      muscle components, has been named ankyrin because of the rootlet's anchor-like
      function in the cell.

PMID- 1090629
TI  - Messenger RNA metabolism of animal cells. Possible involvement of untranslated
      sequences and mRNA-associated proteins.
AB  - The past several years have seen a virtual revolution in the study of eukaryotic
      mRNA. Among the notable recent achievements are the positive identification of
      mRNA precursors in HnRNA, the enumeration of the DNA sequences from which mRNA is
      transcribed, and the finding that mRNA in cultured cells is much more stable than
      was previously believed. One of most far-reaching discoveries has been the
      finding that mRNA in eukaryotes contains poly A. This discovery, aside from
      providing a powerful tool for mRNA isolation, has generated a large body of
      research into the properties and metabolism of poly A itself. In addition, the
      finding of a poly A-associated protein has given a renewed stimulus to the study
      of proteins associated with mRNA. This review is devoted to a discussion of these
      and related achievements, and some of their implications

PMID- 1090631
TI  - Mitosis in the cellular slime mold Polysphondylium violaceum.
AB  - Myxamebas of Polysphondylium violaceum were grown in liquid medium and processed
      for electron microscopy. Mitosis is characterized by a persistent nuclear
      envelope, ring-shaped extranuclear spindle pole bodies (SPBs), a central spindle
      spatially separated from the chromosomal microtubules, well-differentiated
      kinetochores, and dispersion of the nucleoli. SPBs originate from the division,
      during prophase, of an electron-opaque body associated with the interphase
      nucleus. The nuclear nevelope becomes fenestrated in their vicinity, allowing the
      build-up of the intranuclear, central spindle and chromosomal microtubules as the
      SPBs migrate to opposite poles. At metaphase the chromosomes are in amphitelic
      orientation, each sister chromatid being directly connected to the corresponding
      SPB by a single microtubule. During ana- and telophase the central spindle
      elongates, the daughter chromosomes approach the SPBs, and the nucleus constricts
      in the equatorial region. The cytoplasm cleaves by furrowing in late telophase,
      which is in other respects characterized by a re-establishment of the interphase
      condition. Spindle elongation and poleward movement of chromosomes are discussed
      in relation to hypotheses of the mechanism of mitosis.

PMID- 1090632
TI  - Ultrastructural immunoperoxidase demonstration of autologous albumin in the
      alveolar capillary membrane and in the alveolar lining material in normal rats.
AB  - The location of autologous serum albumin within the alveolar-capillary membrane
      was studied in the rat under physiological conditions using antialbumin
      antibodies labeled with peroxidase. Albumin was detected in the lung
      interstitium, and in numerous pinocytic vesicles within endothelial cells and
      type I alveolar epithelial cells. The immunoreaction was also positive at the
      level of plasmalemmal membranes of both cell types and in the alveolar lining
      material.

PMID- 1090633
TI  - Improved resolution of cholestanol and cholesterol by gas-liquid chromatography.
      Application to pigeon testicular sterols.

PMID- 1090634
TI  - Thermal chromatography of lysine-specific transfer ribonucleic acid from
      Escherichia coli B.
AB  - Two Escherichia coli B tRNALys isoacceptors have been separated by thermal
      chromatography on hydroxyapatite demonstrating the potential of this approach in
      the fractionation of single-stranded polynucleotides. Elution temperatures were
      reproducible and depended primarily on the cation present and its concentration.
      Cesium phosphate was a more effective eluent than sodium phosphate. The integrity
      of the polynucleotide following thermal chromatography was examined by
      ultracentrifugation in a 60% dimethyl sulfoxide solvent, electrophoresis on
      polyacrylamide gels containing urea and oligonucleotide mapping. Adsorption to
      hydroxyapatite did not noticeably increase phosphodiester bond breakage compared
      with that in solution. Minimal, if any, rupture of covalent linkages was detected
      under the conditions of preparative separation of the isoacceptors. Several
      observations suggest that only one tRNALys was transcribed by the E. coli B cell.

PMID- 1090635
TI  - Assessment of pituitary gonadotropin reserve using luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LRH) in states of altered thyroid function.
AB  - Menstrual irregularities commonly accompany hyper- and hypofunction of the
      thyroid gland. Investigation of the pituitary-ovarian axis was undertaken in 14
      hyperthyroid and 8 hypothyroid patients. The pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH)
      and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) responses to 100 mug luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LRH) was assessed. These responses were found to be similar to
      matched control groups in hyperthyroid premenopausal women with and without
      menstrual disturbances and in hyperthyroid men. The postmenopausal hyperthyroid
      women had an exaggerated LH response, although the FSH response was comparable to
      that of the control group. These results indicate normal pituitary LH and FSH
      reserve in hyperthyroidism. In hypothyroidism a gradation of gonadotropin
      response to LRH was found. In 2 of the patients there was an inadequate LH
      response in the presence of a normal FSH response. This demonstrates that in some
      cases of primary hypothyroidism there is limited pituitary LH reserve.

PMID- 1090636
TI  - Release of colony-stimulating activity from thymus-derived lymphocytes.
AB  - Colony-stimulating activity (CSA) is essential for in vitro differentiation of
      bone marrow cells into colonies of granulocytes and mononuclear cells. While
      blood monocytes and macrophages are a major source of CSA, recent studies have
      indicated that CSA may be produced by lymphocytes responding to immunologic
      stimulation. Lymphocytes, purified from spleens and thymuses of mice by glass
      wool columns, were incubated in CMRL-1066 medium with fetal calf serum in vitro.
      Lymphocytes from the thumus and spleen released CSA when cultured in vitro, with
      peak levels of CSA observed after 7 days of incubation. Stimulation of cultures
      with phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, or pokeweed mitogen resulted in a 2-5
      fold increase in CSA release, with peak levels of CSA released after 4 days of
      incubation. Thymus-dependent lymphocytes were responsible for the release of CSA
      from unstimulated and mitogen-stimulated cultures, since the incubation of these
      cultures with rabbit anti-mouse T cell sera abolished their ability to release
      CSA. Anti-mouse B cell sera had no effect on the ability of lymphocyte cultures
      to release CSA. These studies suggest that thymocytes and thymus-derived
      lymphocytes can release CSA in vitro and may be responsible for the increase in
      CSA observed in certain immunologic reactions.

PMID- 1090637
TI  - The mechanism of acute renal failure after uranyl nitrate.
AB  - Administration of 25 mg/kg uranyl nitrate (UN) to rats leads to a brief period of
      polyuria followed by progressive oliguria with death at 5 days. Factors that
      determine glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were examined in control Munich-Wistar
      rats (n equals 16) and 2 h after either 15 mg/kg (n equals 8) or 25 mg/kg (n
      equals 7) of UN (i.v.) utilizing direct measurements of hydrostatic and oncotic
      pressures and plasma flow. Total kidney GFR was reduced to 47% of control in the
      low dose group and to 21% in the high dose group. The simultaneous nephron
      filtration rate (sngfr) was 28.6 plus or minus 0.8 nl/min/g kidney wt in control,
      29.1 plus or minus 1.0 in the low dose group, and 18.1 plus or minus 1.2 (P less
      than 0.001) in the higher dose group. This disparity in UN effect upon GFR and
      sngfr was due to tubular back-diffusion of solute through damaged epithelia
      beyond the early proximal tubule as demonstrated by microinjection of inulin and
      mannitol in the proximal tubule. Inulin "leak" persisted at 6 h after UN when
      tubular pressure had returned to normal. Comparison of sngfr measured in early
      vs. late proximal tubule revealed no difference after high dose UN, suggesting no
      significant leak of inulin from the early proximal tubule, and that the decreased
      sngfr was due to primary reductions in ultrafiltration. Nephron plasma flow was
      equal to control at both doses of UN. Also directly measured hydrostatic pressure
      gradient across the glomerular capillary was not changed. The effective
      filtration pressure achieved equilibrium in control of animals but became
      significantly positive at the efferent end of the capillary at both doses of UN
      and increased. Total glomerular permeability (LpA) was progressively reduced from
      control (0.089 plus or minus 0.005 nl/s/g kidney wt/mm Hg) at low dose UN (0.047
      plus or minus 0.013) and high dose 0.024 plus or minus 0.003 nl/s/g kidney wt/mm
      Hg). Therefore UN decreases GFR by two mechanisms: (1) tubular damage leading to
      back-diffusion of solutes and (b) a primary reduction in sngfr due to reduced
      LpA.

PMID- 1090638
TI  - The role of computer assisted instruction in continuing education of registered
      nurses: an experimental study.

PMID- 1090639
TI  - Effect of ultrasonic ZnPO-4 cement removal on band adhesion and cement solubility
      under orthodontic bands.
AB  - The use of ultrasonic energy to remove excess ZnPO-4 cement from orthodontic
      bands reduces the solubility of the cement but does not affect band adhesion
      unless excessive band contact is made. Excessive band contact weakens band-to
      tooth adhesion. The solubility of the cement is increased by decreasing the pH
      and is increased when organic anions capable of binding metal ions are present.

PMID- 1090640
TI  - Temperature ofthe pulp chamber during impression taking of full crown
      preparations with modelling compound.
AB  - Temperature elevations were measured in the pulp chamber of full cast crown
      preparations during impression taking with modelling compound in copper bands.
      Uncontrolled flaming, controlled flaming, and water heating of the bands produced
      temperatures of 53, 44, and 41.5 C, respectively. The time involved in restoring
      the temperature in the pulp to 37 C was determined. The implications of delayed
      chilling are discussed.

PMID- 1090641
TI  - Selection of a resin system for anterior fracture treatment.
AB  - The tensile strength of the bond formed between etched bovine enamel and selected
      resin systems was evaluated; also, the need for a resin pulpal barrier was
      examined. Results indicate that the BIS-GMA unfilled primer is unnecessary for
      strength or as a pulpal protectant. The large scatter of results substantiates
      the clinical hypothesis that the effectiveness of the acid etch is highly
      variable.

PMID- 1090642
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of dentition: methodology and ultrastructural
      morphology of tooth wear.
AB  - Scanning electron micrographs were taken of sets of human molars-those of paleo
      Indians used in mastication of, ostensibly, a highly abrasive diet, and those of
      contemporary Americans. Different ultrastructural patterns of enamel wear were
      observed between the groups.

PMID- 1090643
TI  - [Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Imshenetskii (on his seventieth birthday)].

PMID- 1090644
TI  - Provisional tables on the zinc content of foods.
AB  - A critical and exhaustive review of published and unpublished data on the zinc
      content of foods showed that, with few exceptions, the major dietary sources of
      zinc were foods of animal origin. Oysters, which contained more than 5 mg. zinc
      per 3-oz. cooked portion, were an outstanding source of zinc. Lean beef and beef
      liver were also among the foods highest in zinc and ground beef was a good
      source. Dark meat of poultry contained more zinc than light meat, and turkey was
      higher in zinc than chicken. Egg yolk, but not egg white, was relatively high in
      zinc, as were nonfat dry milk and Cheddar cheese. Foods of plant origin, like
      those of animal origin, varied widely in zinc content. Cocoa and the milling
      fractions of bran and germ of wheat were high in zinc. Seeds of plants, such as
      muture dry legumes and peanuts, were better sources of zinc than were leaves,
      stalks, fruits, or roots. Vegetables, fruits, oils, fats, tea, coffee, and
      carbonated beverages contained little zinc. Factors influencing the zinc content
      of foods were evaluated. Provisional tables, giving representative values for
      zinc in more than two hundred foods, both in 100-gm. portions and in common
      household units, based on this research, are presented.

PMID- 1090645
TI  - Polarized light microscopy as a tool of diagnostic pathology.

PMID- 1090646
TI  - Fluorescent antibody localization of the vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding
      protein in the oviduct of the laying hen.
AB  - Fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated sheep antirabbit gamma-globulin was used in
      the indirect fluorescent antibody technique to localize the vitamin D-dependent
      calcium-binding protein (CaBP) in the shell gland of the laying hen. Intense
      specific fluorescence, indicative of the presence of CaBP, was found only in the
      tubular gland cells and not in the surface epithelium. CaBP was primarily
      associated with the luminal surface and other cell boundaries, and in lesser
      concentrations within the cells except for occasional intracellular regions of
      high concentration. The magnum, isthmus and vagina were essentially negative.
      Since the concentrations of intestinal CaBP is highly and directly correlated
      with the efficiency of calcium absorption, the present results suggest that the
      tubular gland cells might have a primary role in the transport of calcium
      associated with egg shell formation.

PMID- 1090647
TI  - Letter: Identification of silicon in retinal vessels by electron probe x-ray
      microanalysis.

PMID- 1090648
TI  - Niridazole. II. A potent long-acting suppressant of cellular hypersensitivity.
AB  - Niridazole, a human anthelminthic drug, is shown to be a potent long-acting
      suppressor of delayed hypersensitivity. Much lower doses than used in the therapy
      of helminth infections suppressed granuloma formation around Schistosoma mansoni
      eggs for periods up to 32 days and inhibited delayed footpad swelling in mice
      previously sensitized with eggs. Marked prolongation of skin allograft survival
      in mice accross the H-2 area was produced. The drug is administered orally, has
      been used clinically on a massive scale, and appears to be relatively free of the
      cytotoxic effects of most immunosuppressive agents.

PMID- 1090649
TI  - Increased risistance of immunoglobulin A dimers to proteolytic degradation after
      binding of secretory component.
AB  - The contribution of secretory component to the stability of secretory IgA against
      proteolysis has been studied by a new approach, i.e., by comparing the
      proteolytic degradation of the complexes formed in vitro between these proteins
      and secretory component. The results show that attachment of secretory components
      to the dimeric backbone of the secretory IgA molecule is accompanied by a
      significantly increased resistance of this backbone against digestion by both
      trypsin and pepsin. This protective effect may be a physiologic function of
      secretory component or may be due merely to unspecific blocking by secretory
      component of one or more sensitive peptide bonds in the IgA backbone.

PMID- 1090650
TI  - Increased immunologic reactivity between human glomerular basement membrane and
      group A type 12 streptococcal cell membrane after carbohydrase treatment.
AB  - Anti-streptococcal cell membrane and anti-human glomerular antisera were
      evaluated on normal human kidney sections by an indirect immunofluorescent test
      both before and after absorptions with homologous and heterologous membrane
      preparations. The observed cross-reactions were potentiated by removal of
      carbohydrate units from both membrane-types by carbohydrase, a mixture of
      carbohydrate-cleaving enzymes.

PMID- 1090651
TI  - Blast transformation of rabbit B-derived lymphocytes by a mitogen extracted from
      Nocardia.
AB  - Nocardia water soluble mitogen (NWSM) is known to stimulate mouse and rabbit
      lymphoid cells and to act selectively on murine B-derived lymphocytes. In this
      paper, evidence is presented that NWSM is also a mitogen for rabbit bursal
      equivalent cells and does not bring about blast transformation of thymus-derived
      rabbit cells. Pretreatment of rabbit spleen lymphocytes with antibody directed
      against rabbit thymus lymphocyte antigen (anti RTLA serum) and with complement
      did not affect the strong increase of thymidine incorporation which follows
      stimulation with NWSM. The mitogen-induced polyclonal activation of antibody
      forming cells and resulted in the presence of 30% of cells with the
      ultrastructural characteristics of plasmocytes. These observations led to the
      conclusion that NWSM is a mitogen for a B-derived lymphocyte of the rabbit.

PMID- 1090652
TI  - Migration inhibitory factor and type II interferon in the circulation of mice
      sensitized with mycobacterial components.
AB  - Migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and type II interferon were released into the
      circulation after mice had been sensitized i.v. with a bacillus of Calmette and
      Guerin (BCG) cell-wall-in-oil vaccine and then challenged four weeks later with
      50 mg old tuberculin. At least two components of BCG, protein (PPD) and lipid (P
      3), have been identified which are essential for the type of sensitization in
      which mediators are released after appropriate challenge. The route of
      sensitization had a marked effect on the development of delayed footpad
      reactions, release of lymphokines, and resistance to infection with virulent
      tubercle bacilli. Sensitization by the subcutaneous route tended to induce more
      pronounced delayed footpad reactions, whereas the i.v. route of sensitization was
      associated with maximum release of mediators. A close correlation existed between
      the conditions of sensitization that resulted in maximum production of
      lymphokines (MIF and Type II interferon) and those that caused protection against
      aerosol challenge with a virulent strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

PMID- 1090653
TI  - Stimulation of a T-independent primary anti-hapten response in vitro by TNP
      lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS).
AB  - The trinitrophenyl hapten (TNP) has been covalently conjugated to bacterial
      lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to give TNP-LPS. The site of attachment has been
      suggested to be in the core polysaccharide and lipid A region of the molecule and
      approximately 2.4 hapten molecules are bound per monomer LPS molecule. The TNP
      LPS has been demonstrated to be immunogenic in vitro at very low concentration.
      This antigen has further been shown to initiate a T-independent TNP-PFC response.
      The immunogenicity of TNP-LPS is abrogated by mild alkaline hydrolysis,
      suggesting a requirement for intact lipid A in the initiation of an immune
      respose at the very low concentrations of antigen used.

PMID- 1090654
TI  - Effects of concanavalin A on the in vitro responses of mouse spleen cells to T
      dependent and T-independent antigens.
AB  - ?The stimulatory and inhibitory effects of concanavalin A (Con A) on the in vitro
      primary immune responses to a T-dependent antigen, sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and
      a T-independent antigen, TNP-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) have been studied.
      Inhibition of the response to both antigens was optimal when 2 mug Con A were
      added at the initiation of the culture period. The response to SRBC was
      considerably enhanced by the addition of Con A 24 hr later. In contrast, this
      late addition did not stimulate the TNP-LPS response and often inhibited it.
      Inhibition of the TNP-LPS response required the participation of T cells since it
      was not observed in cells from adult thymectomized irradiated bone marrow
      reconstituted (ATXBM) mice. The response to TNP-LPS was somewhat enhanced in
      ATXBM cells, but the degree of enhancement was strikingly less than that observed
      for SRBC. LPS per se did not block the stimulatory effect of Con A on the SRBC
      response, and was observed to act synergistically with this lectin. None of the
      Con A effects observed required the participation of adherent cells. These
      observations are consistent with a model in which different subpopulations of T
      cells are responsible for the inhibitory and stimulatory effects. They further
      suggest that the Con A inhibitory activity acts via a T cell to inhibit directly
      the B cell response to antigen.

PMID- 1090655
TI  - Induction of theta-positive lymphocytes and lymphoblasts in mouse bone marrow by
      mitogens.
AB  - With a sensitive technique for the identification of lymphocytes and lymphoblasts
      bearing the surface antigens phi, TL, and immunoglobulin, the induction of phi
      positive small lymphocytes in bone marrow could be observed. Dibutyryl cyclic
      adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate and thymosin were both effective in inducing
      precursor cells to express phi antigen. Concanavalin A and bacterial
      lipopolysaccharide were also shown to be inducers. After treatment with
      concanavalin A but not with lipopolysaccharide, lymphoblasts developed in marrow
      cultures which were positive for phi and TL antigens; when spleen was cultured
      with concanavalin A, lymphoblasts were phi-positive and TL negative. It is
      concluded that the cell responsive to concanavalin A (and phytohemagglutinin) in
      bone marrow is a phi-negative precursor (stem) cell, which is induced first to
      express phi and TL antigens, and then to differentiate to a lymphoblast.

PMID- 1090656
TI  - Role of the clotting system in cell-mediated hypersensitivity. II. Kinetics of
      fibrinogen/fibrin accumulation and vascular permeability changes in tuberculin
      and cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity reactions.
AB  - Radioactive tracers and immunofluorescence were employed to detect and quantitate
      fibrinogen/fibrin deposition in two types of cell-mediated hypersensitivity
      reactions in the guinea pig. Classic delayed hypersensitivity (DH) reactions to
      Old Tuberculin and to the azobenzenearsonate hapten were characterized by a
      progressive increase in the fibrinogen (125-I-HF) content which exceeded that of
      the albumin tracer (131-I-HSA) and paralleled the development of induration and
      erythema. Accumulation of 125-I-HF could be related both to increased vascular
      permeability to 125-I-HF and, more specifically, to retarded efflux of extra
      vascular 125-I-HF from tuberculin reaction sites. Warfarin inhibited 125-I-HF
      accumulation and the formation of urea-insoluble 125-I-HF (cross-linked fibrin)
      as well as induration in tuberculin reactions. Immunofluorescence studies
      revealed the site of Fib deposition to be extravascular, among the connective
      tissue fibers of the dermis, similar to that in DH reactions in man. In contrast,
      little 125-I-HF accumulated in cell-mediated reactions rich in basophils-
      cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) reactions to keyhole limpet hemocyanin,
      ovalbumin, and dinitrochlorobenzene--due in part to less vascular leakage of
      macromolecules and to decreased formation of urea-insoluble fibrin. By
      immunofluorescence Fib deposits were found in CBH reactions in a pattern similar
      to that in DH reactions, but the intensity of staining was appreciably less.
      Thus, fibrin accumulation further distinguishes DH from CBH reactions and is very
      likely responsible for the induration characteristic of DH reactions.

PMID- 1090658
TI  - The role of antibody feedback inhibition in the regulation of the secondary
      antibody response after high and low dose priming.
AB  - Spleen cells from mice immunized with a low dose of SRBC produce a greater
      secondary response to subsequent antigenic challenge in vivo than spleen cells
      from mice initially immunized with a larger dose. However, when the spleen cells
      are removed from the mice and given a secondary challange in tissue culture, a
      greater response is produced by cells from animals primed with the larger dose.
      Serum from the mice receiving the high dose of antigen contains low, but
      significant levels of specific antibody, and can inhibit further antibody
      production by lymphoid cells in vivo and in vitro. The characteristics of this
      suppression are similar to those known for passively administered specific
      antibody. Thus, antibody produced as a result of primary immunization may act
      through an inhibitory feedback mechanism in specifically limiting the magnitude
      of the secondary response to subsequent antigenic challenge in the normal animal

PMID- 1090657
TI  - Activation of guinea pig macrophages by bacterial lipopolysaccharide requires
      bone marrow-derived lymphocytes.
AB  - The activation of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages by Salmonella typhimurium
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied by using 14C-glucosamine uptake. Peritoneal
      exudate cells incorporated significant amounts of 14C-glucosamine when stimulated
      with LPS but neither purified macrophages nor nonadherent lymphocytes by
      themselves incorporated glucosamine. The activation of macrophages could be
      restored by adding nonadherent peritoneal lymphocytes, spleen cells, and lymph
      node cells but not thymocytes. Removal of B lymphocytes abolished the restorative
      capacity from active lymphoid cell populations. In contrast, B lymphocytes would
      restore glucosamine incorporation by macrophages stimulated with LPS but T
      lymphocytes did not. In addition, cell-free supernatants from LPS stimulated B
      lymphocytes but not from T lymphocytes could restore glucosamine incorporation by
      macrophages. These experiments demonstrate that LPS does not directly activate
      macrophages as measured by glucosamine incorporation but stimulates B lymphocytes
      which in turn activate macrophages.

PMID- 1090659
TI  - Rosette formation by canine peripheral blood lymphocytes.
AB  - The surface membrane characteristics of canine peripheral blood lymphocytes were
      investigated using erythrocyte (E) and erythrocyte antibody complement (EAC)
      rosette assays and immunofluorescent staining techniques. Canine thymus-derived
      lymphocytes formed nonimmune E rosettes with human and guinea pig erythrocytes at
      approximately the same percentages (mean percentage 36.3 and 32.4, respectively).
      Rosettes did not form with erythrocytes from seven other animal species. Cell
      surface immunoglobulins were demonstrable in a small percentage (4%) of the E
      rosette-forming lymphocyte population. Fragments of human erythrocytes inhibited
      E rosette formation by intact human red cells, but did not result in a
      significant decrease in rosette formation by intact guinea pig erythrocytes;
      likewise, guinea pig fragments had no inhibitory effect on rosette formation by
      human erythrocytes, demonstrating that separate receptors were required for the
      two red cell types. EAC rosette formation was not affected by addition of intact
      or fragmented human and guinea pig erythrocytes. Canine bone marrow-derived
      lymphocytes were characterized by immunoglobulin on the cell surface and EAC
      rosette formation. Serial tests of lymphocytes from one dog revealed a wide
      variation in percentage of cells forming E and EAC rosettes. A close correlation
      was observed between the immunoglobulin-bearing cells (mean percentage 46.6) and
      those forming EAC rosettes (mean percentage 49.3).

PMID- 1090660
TI  - Inhibition of the primary in vitro antibody response by interferon preparations.
AB  - The primary in vitro plaque forming cell (PFC) response of mouse (C57BL/6J)
      spleen cells to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was inhibited by two sources of
      crude and two sources of partially purified mouse interferon. The substance(s) in
      the interferon preparations which induced PFC and antiviral inhibitory activity
      have the following common characteristics: a) The interferon preparations were of
      different potencies and specific activities, but they inhibited the PFC response
      in proportion to their activities; 20 to 60 units were the minimal amounts
      required for greater than 90% inhibition of the PFC response. b) Both the
      antiviral activity and the PFC inhibitory activity of the interferons were
      neutralized by antibody specific for mouse interferon. c) Both activities were
      partially or completely inactivated by heating at 60 degrees C for 1 h. d) Human
      interferons had neither antiviral activity nor PFC inhibitory activity in mouse
      cells. e) Limited exposure (4 h) of cells to interferon significantly inhibits
      both viral infection and the PFC response. f) Both the antiviral activity and the
      PFC inhibitory activity of the interferon preparations are acid stable. It is
      concluded, therefore, that the inhibition of the primary in vitro PFC response is
      due to interferon in the preparations. Maximum inhibition of the PFC response
      occurred when interferon was added to cultured at the same time as SRBC.
      Significant inhibition was also observed when interferon was added 1 day later,
      and slight enhancement was observed when added at days 2 and 3 of SRBC addition.
      Kinetic data showed that the greater the concentration of interferon added to the
      cultures, the earlier the effect on the PFC response. The presence of interferon
      in cultures for the first 4 h is sufficient to inhibit the PFC response.
      Interferon, then, appears to affect some early event(s), which leads to
      inhibition of the PFC response. Since mature T cells can be one of the sources of
      interferon, we have demonstrated a suppressor effect of a T cell lymphokine. The
      precise relationship of interferon to various expressions of suppressor T cell
      effects remains to be determined.

PMID- 1090661
TI  - Effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the induction and expression of cell
      mediated immunity. I. Depression of the afferent arc.
AB  - Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), being a B cell mitogen, enhances antibody
      production. When given prior to an injection of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) it
      caused a premature but not significantly increased production of antibody forming
      cells in regionally stimulated lymph nodes. There was a corresponding depression
      of T cell activity, as measured by the relative levels of delayed-type
      hypersensitivity (DTH) in normal and LPS-treated mice. Although LPS also induced
      hyperplasia of the reticuloendothelial system, and a consequent reduction in the
      effective antigenic dose of SRBC, this was not the reason for the reduced level
      of T cell activity. The opposing effects of LPS on T and B cell responses was due
      to premature inhibition of the T cell response by an accelerated production of
      antibody. This caused an earlier onset of the inhibitory mechanism which
      regulates the T cell response and is specific for the inducing antigen.

PMID- 1090662
TI  - Thymic regeneration after lethal irradiation evidence for an intra-thymic
      radioresistant T cell precursor.
AB  - The data presented indicate the existence of a significant pool of radioresistant
      stem cells which are capable of partially restoring the thymus of heavily
      irradiated mice. 3-H-TdR incorporation by the thymus of lethally irradiated mice
      begins 48 to 72 hr after irradiation and increases throughout the next 8 days. By
      the 9th day after 760 rads, typical corticomedullary architecture has been
      restored. 890 rads markedly suppressed, but did not totally eliminate this
      regeneration. Injection of large numbers of syngeneic bone marrow cells
      immediately after irradiation was without effect on the rate or extent of
      regeneration. Mice whose bone marrow and spleen were shielded from irradiation
      showed an identical amount of thymic regeneration as those receiving total body
      irradiation indicating that the precursor cell pool responsible for the early
      post irradiation phase of thymic regeneration is most likely an intrathymic
      population. The cells repopulating the thymus were morphologically
      indistinguishable from normal thymocytes and were susceptible to cytotoxic
      antisera against the thymic differentiation antigens Thy-1, TL, LyA2 and LyC2.

PMID- 1090663
TI  - Immunoglobulin D-bearing lymphocytes in primary immunodeficiencies.
AB  - Surface IgD on blood lymphocytes was studied in 10 normal adults and 24 patients
      with primary immunodeficiencies by direct immunofluorescence, together with
      surface immunoglobulins of the other classes and with spontaneous rosette
      formation with sheep erythrocytes. In the normal adults, 8% of the lymphocytes
      bore delta chains (the figures for mu chains being 11%) and, among the cells
      positive for mu and/or delta, 70% were mixed stained, 22% and 8% being single
      stained for mu and delta respectively. In 10 patients with sex-linked
      agammaglobulinemia or variable immuno-deficiency, practically no cells bearing
      surface immunoglobulins, including IgD, were detectable. A normal distribution of
      surface immunoglobulins, including the results of double labeling for mu and
      delta, was found in five other immunodeficiency patients in whom there was a
      block of the terminal differentiation of B lymphocytes into plasma cells. A new
      kind of block in the differentiation of the B cell line was observed in two
      patients affected with sex-linked severe combined immunodeficiency and variable
      immuno-deficiency respectively. They showed high figures for IgD-bearing
      lymphocytes, some of which carried simultaneously mu chains, contrasting with the
      absence of lymphocytes carrying IgM without IgD and of IgG- or IgA-bearing cells.
      The data obtained in several other patients with low figures for IgG- and IgA
      bearing lymphocytes and a predominance of IgD-carrying cells with an excess of
      single producers for delta chains over single producers for mu chains suggest an
      analogous but incomplete maturation arrest.

PMID- 1090664
TI  - Enhancement of nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction by leukocytes exposed to a
      component of complement in the absence of phagocytosis.
AB  - Enhancement of in vitro nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction by human
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes may be mediated by a low molecular weight fluid
      phase component of the complement system. This occurs in the absence of
      phagocytosis and is associated with an increase in leukocyte hexose monophosphate
      shunt activity. The stimulatory component may be generated by activating the
      alternate complement pathway in serum, and shares many of the properties of human
      C5a. Thus, the enhanced spontaneous reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by
      leukocytes from patients with bacterial sepsis may not necessarily be due to the
      phagocytic activity of these cells, but rather may occur as a consequence of in
      vivo complement activation by either intact microorganisms or their products.

PMID- 1090665
TI  - Effect of cortisone on the disappearance kinetics and tissue localization of
      soluble immune complexes.
AB  - The effect of cortisone treatment on the disappearance kinetics, the hepatic
      uptake, and the glomerular deposition of i.v. administered, soluble immune
      complexes (HSAantiHSA) was examined in mice. An initial rapid disappearance of
      complexes from the circulation occurred after the injection of complexes into
      control mice, which was caused by increased vascular permeability. This phase was
      absent in the cortisone-treated group. The half life of complexes composed of
      more than two antigen and two antibody molecules (greater than Ag2Ab2)was
      prolonged from 1.93 hr in control mice to 4.71 hr in cortisone-treated mice while
      the half life of Ag2Ab2 complexes was unchanged (11.40 hr vs 12.04 hr). Although
      the clearance velocity of greater than Ag2Ab2 complexes was suppressed in
      cortisone-treated mice, the quantity of complexes specifically located in the
      liver at 1, 2, and 4 hr was not significantly different in the two groups.
      Persistence of circulating greater than Ag1Ab2 complexes was associated with
      enhanced and prolonged glomerular depostion of complexes in the cortisone-treated
      mice.

PMID- 1090666
TI  - Partial characterization of leukocyte inhibitory factor by concanavalin A
      stimulated human lymphocytes (LIF Con A).
AB  - Leukocyte inhibitory factor (LIF) obtained from normal human lymphocytes
      stimulated by Concanavalin A was characterized by Sephadex gel filtration, disc
      electrophoresis, isopycnic centrifugation, enzymatic treatment and by
      immunoabsorbent studies. LIF activity was found after Sephadex G-100 gel
      filtration in a fraction containing molecules having the size of albumin (68,000
      daltons). This is the same region were LIF activity derived from antigen
      stimulated lymphocytes has previously been found to elute. On disc gel
      electrophoresis at pH 9.1, peak LIF activity was eluted from the acrylamide gel
      fraction containing molecules that migrate with albumin. In isopycnic
      centrifugation studies, human LIF was shown to have a buoyant density similar to
      that of pure protein. Human LIF was inactivated by treatment with chymotrypsin
      but not by neuraminidase treatment. LIF activity could not be removed by
      incubating the material on columns containing Sepharose 6b coupled with anti
      human serum albumin or anti-Fab. The characteristics of human LIF and migration
      inhibitory factor were compared.

PMID- 1090667
TI  - Non-random distribution of surface immunoglobulins on murine B lymphocytes.
AB  - An indirect labeling technique was used to map the surface immunoglobulin (Ig) on
      murine splenic B lymphocytes by freeze-etching. Cells were labeled first with
      fluorescein conjugates of monovalent (papain-digested) anti-Ig antibody followed
      by monovalent anti-fluorescein antibody coupled to ferritin. The technique avoids
      cross-linking and aggregation of surface Ig. Freeze-etched replicas of cells
      labeled at 4 degrees C, as well as of cells prefixed with paraformaldehyde showed
      that surface Ig was distributed in small clusters with interconnecting networks.
      The observed pattern was analyzed statistically by comparing it with the expected
      random (Poisson) distribution and shown to be non-random to a high degree of
      statistical significance. The deviation from randomness could be explained by the
      presence of clusters and relative excesses of bare membrane. Such an observed
      distribution of surface Ig suggests that this membrane macromolecule may be
      organized in a specific manner. The distribution may also play a role in the
      function of surface Ig as the antigen receptor on B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1090668
TI  - Capping of the lymphocyte C3 receptor and temperature-dependent loss of C3
      rosettes.
AB  - The percentage of mouse spleen cells rosetted by bacteria-antibody-complement
      complexes (BAC) was found to be temperature dependent. Maximal rosetting was
      observed when BAC and spleen cells were incubated in ice (0.5 degrees C), whereas
      less rosetting resulted from 37 degrees C incubations. When rosetted cells were
      incubated at 37 degrees C, cap formation was found to occur, and indirect
      evidence suggested that the capped bacteria were subsequently shed from the
      lymphocyte surface. Neither capping nor shedding occurred at 0.5 degrees C,
      suggesting that these phenomena were responsible for the decreased percentage of
      rosetted cells found after incubation at 37 degrees C. An incidental observation
      indicated that a second factor potentially contributing to the loss of rosetted
      cells at 37 degrees C was the removal of BAC from the surface of cells by
      phagocytes.

PMID- 1090669
TI  - Electrophoretic fractionation of guniea pig lymphocytes: evidence for different
      subsets of T and B cells in spleen and lymph node.
AB  - Guinea pig lymph node and blood lymphocytes have been physically fractionated in
      preparative cell electrophoresis into two functionally viable populations, the
      high mobility cell population (HMC) and the low mobility cell population (LMC).
      By using cell surface markers and functional tests known to be specific for T and
      B lymphocytes, respectively, it is shown that the T lymphocytes localize in the
      HMC population and the B lymphocytes in the LMC population. The spleen
      lymphocytes do not separate into the two populations. They move into one single
      broad peak containing both T and B cells. This finding indicates the presence of
      electrokinetically different subsets of T and B lymphocytes in the spleen on one
      hand and in the lymph node and blood on the other hand.

PMID- 1090670
TI  - Humoral immunity in rodent malaria. III: Studies on the site of antibody action.
AB  - Serum which protects rats against Plasmodium berghei infections fails to
      sensitize parasitized erythrocytes in vitro for in vivo destruction. Further, the
      efflux of 86Rb from parasitized erythrocytes in the presence of complement is not
      accelerated. On administration to animals with preexisting malaria, it does,
      however, produce a relatively slow decline in parasitemia, a phenomenon
      interpreted in terms of the gradual production and/or release of reactive
      antigenic determinants associated with maturation of the parasites. Protective
      activity is elaborated in the serum of animals during the development of
      parasitemia, thus creating a situation in which there is apparently the
      coincident presence of antibody and its putative antigen in the circulation.
      Little absorption of protective activity by parasitized cells or parasites was
      observed in vitro. However,  in vivo removal of the protective activity during an
      ongoing infection could be demonstrated. These observations favor the notion that
      protective antibody exerts its influence not on the bulk of the parasitized
      erythrocytes, but rather on some subpopulation thereof. The cumulative evidence
      of this and other studies suggests that the stage(s) involved are the schizonts
      and/or merozoites.

PMID- 1090671
TI  - Activation of T and B lymphocytes in vitro. IV. Regulatory influence on specific
      T cell functions by a thymus extract factor.
AB  - In the presence of a preparation of purified thymus extract factors (TEF), spleen
      cells from athymic nude mice develop in vitro immune responses to soluble DNP
      protein conjugates, to particulate sheep red blood cells, and to allogeneic
      cells. TEF has similar effects also on the in vitro antibody responses of normal
      mouse spleen cells, enhancing antigen-dependent plaque-forming cells responses to
      dinitrophenyl carrier complexes of unprimed and primed mice. TEF fails to
      reconstitute helper cell function in cultures of T cell-deprived spleen cells.
      The thymic factor increases the reactivity or normal thymus cells in the in vitro
      mixed lymphocyte reaction and has at high doses mitogenic effects. The role of
      humoral thymus factors on the differentiation process of T cells is discussed.

PMID- 1090672
TI  - The role of macrophages in the production of lymphokines by T and B lymphocytes.
AB  - The role of macrophages in the production of two lymphokines, monocyte
      chemotactic factor and macrophage activating factor, was investigated. Lymphokine
      production by guinea pig lymph node and spleen cells required macrophages for
      thymus-dependent antigens and mitogens. In contrast, B cell stimulants which also
      induce the synthesis of lymphokines were macrophage independent. When populations
      of relatively pure B or T lymphocytes were isolated, it was found that T cells
      required viable macrophage cooperation to produce these two lymphokines and to
      undergo propliferation in response to specific antigens, whereas B cells could be
      directly activated in the absence of macrophages. These findings suggest that T
      and B cells have different requirements for activation and for macrophage
      cooperation. Futhermore, since lymphokine synthesis is evident within the first 4
      hr of stimulant presentation, these observations demonstrate that macrophages
      play an essential role in the earliest events of lymphocyte activation.

PMID- 1090673
TI  - Regulation by antibody of phytolectin induced lymphocyte proliferation. I.
      Evidence for two mechanisms of suppression.
AB  - Studies were conducted to determine the mechanisms of antibody suppression of
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA)- and concanavalin A (Con A)-induced lymphocyte
      proliferation. Initial experiments incubated lymphocytes with either PHA or Con
      A, and at various times the respective anti-phytolectin was added to the
      cultures. DNA synthesis was less than 20% of the total response if anti-PHA was
      added within 2 hr and if anti-Con A was added within 10 hr of addition of
      mitogens to the culture. At the concentrations used, anti-PHA reduced PHA binding
      to the lymphocytes, while anti-Con A did not reduce Con A binding to the cells.
      Antibody was non-toxic and specific for its respective mitogen. Additional
      experiments incubated lymphocytes with either PHA or Con A and then the cells
      were washed and placed in mitogen-free media. The addition of antibody to
      cultures which had been washed markedly suppressed proliferation. Using
      radiolabeled PHA and Con A in one group of experiments and fluorescent labeled
      anti-mitogen antibodies in others, it was determined that antibody did not remove
      Con A or PHA from the cell, but instead antibody slowed the release of mitogen
      from the lymphocyte. Anti-mitogen antibody remained attached to mitogen on the
      surface of lymphocytes for at least 24 hr. The experiments suggest that antibody
      can suppress the lymphocyte reaction by blocking the necessary
      phytolectinlymphocyte interaction and interrupting stimulation by cell-bound
      mitogen.

PMID- 1090674
TI  - Normal function of immunologic stem cells from aged mice.
AB  - Marrow or spleen grafts from aged donor mice produced antibody-forming cells as
      effectively as did grafts from younger controls in recipients tested 3 to 10
      months after the transplantation. All recipients were lethally irradiated, and
      the T6 chromosome marker was used to demonstrate that they were populated by
      donor cell lines. Recipients of aged or younger control grafts gave similar
      responses when stimulated with varying doses of antigen and when tested at
      different times after the transplantation except in two cases: 1) Recipients of
      aged spleen grafts gave significantly lower responses than younger controls for
      the first few weeks after the transplantation. 2) If recipients had been
      thymectomized before lethal irradiation, aged cell lines (pooled marrow and
      spleen cells) gave only 37% of the responses of younger controls. Given
      sufficient time and intact young recipients, immunologic stem cell lines from old
      donors populated recipients with cells having normal immune responses. These
      results suggest that age-related immunologic defects are not intrinisically timed
      in the precursor cell lines that populate the immune system.

PMID- 1090675
TI  - Antibody production and interaction with lymphoid cells in relation to tumor
      immunity in the Moloney sarcoma virus system.
AB  - The temporal development of antibodies to Moloney sarcoma virus (MSV)-induced
      antigens in relation to tumor progression was followed with the membrane
      immunofluorescence (MF) and antibody-dependent normal lymphocyte cytotoxicity
      (ADNLC) assays. Antibody was detected at 14 days following virus infection by MF.
      In mice that developed primary tumors which regressed, MF titers developed to
      high levels following a period between 2 and 4 weeks post-innoculation during
      which the titers remained at low and constant levels. The increase in MF titers
      corresponded closely on a temporal basis to the initiation of the regression
      process. In contrast, antibody remained at low levels in those mice that
      developed progressively growing tumors. ADNLC was  detected in the sera of
      regressor mice approximately 6 weeks post-inoculation but was not detectable at
      any of the time interavals in sera from mice with progressively growing tumors.
      Attempts to enhance the cytotoxic activity of normal spleen cells directly with
      immune serum were unsuccessful. The synergistic effect of serum on the cytotoxic
      activity of immune lymphocytes was less pronounced than with normal lymphocytes
      in this system. Temporal studies  indicated that there was an inverse
      relationship between the development of cellular immunity and the capablility of
      these cells to be activated in the ADNLC assay.

PMID- 1090676
TI  - Antibody affinity. VIII. Measurement of affinity of anti-lactose antibody by
      fluorescence quenching with a DNP-containing ligand.
AB  - The method of fluorescence quenching by bound ligand for the measurement of
      antibody affinity has been extended to anti-lactose antibodies. The basis for
      this extension is the use of a lactosyl ligand covalently linked to the 2,4
      dinitrophenyl (DNP) group. This group serves as a sensor of the bound state by
      causing fluorescence quenching similar to that observed with anti-DNP antibody.
      The synthesis and characterization of this new ligand, N-(Nalpha-acetyl,Nepsilon
      DNP-L-lysyl)-rho-aminophenyl-beta-lactoside, are described. The affinity of its
      interaction with three rabbit IgG and one equine IgM antilactose antibody
      preparations has been measured. The Qmax values range from 24 to 47% and the
      calculated association constants from 2.5 times 10-5 M-1 to 7.2 times 10-5 M-1.
      For one IgG preparation, measurement of the association constant by equilibrium
      dialysis with the tritiated ligand gave a value of 6.75 times 10-5 M-1 compared
      to the value of 7.2 times 10-5 M-1 obtained by fluorescence quenching. It is
      evident that with monoclonal anti-lactose antibody the accurate determination of
      Qmax, which is possible in this system, provides another structurally dependent
      clonal characterization of the variable region of the antibody. This optical
      probe along with others can be used for the identification of individual clones
      of antibody-producing cells through time and inheritance.

PMID- 1090677
TI  - Interaction between cells of Peyer's patches and cells of bone marrow origin in
      the immune response.

PMID- 1090678
TI  - Interference of anti-allotype antisera with antigen-antibody binding.
AB  - Rabbit anti-b4 antisera are capable of inhibiting the antigen-binding ability of
      antibodies carrying b4 allotype. The data support the hypothesis of the
      localization of at least one b group allotypic determinant in the V region.

PMID- 1090680
TI  - Serological relationship of nuclear polyhedrosis viruses. I. Hemagglutination by
      polyhedral inclusion body protein from the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of
      Porthetria (equal to Lymantria) dispar.

PMID- 1090679
TI  - Demonstration and assaying of IgG antibodies in tissues and on cells by labeled
      staphylococcal protein A.
AB  - Staphylococcal protein  A (SpA) labeled with FITC was used to detect IgG
      antibodies to tissue and cell surface antigens. Radioiodinated SpA was employed
      in a radioimmuno technique to assay IgG antibodies which had reacted with cell
      membrane antigens. Red blood cells coated with SpA were used as an indicator
      system in the mixed haemadsorption technique to detect IgG antibodies on tissue
      culture cells. The results showed that SpA was highly specific in the various
      systems tested, although it was not as sensitive in the immunofluorescence test
      as FITC anti-IgG. It was confirmed that SpA reacts with IgG antibodies of human,
      monkey, rabbit, sheep and mice origin. The reactivity with human and monkey IgG
      was stronger than with IgG of the other species. We consider labeled SpA as an
      alternative to monospecific anti-IgG for detection and assaying of IgG antibodies
      to tissue and cell surface antigens.

PMID- 1090681
TI  - Methods for assessing field persistence of Bacillus thuringiensis spores.

PMID- 1090682
TI  - A cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus from the larval blackflies Cnephia mutata and
      Prosimulium mixtum (Diptera:Simuliidae).

PMID- 1090683
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of immunoglobulins in bullous pemphigoid skin.
      Employment of a new peroxidase-antiperoxidase multistep method.

PMID- 1090684
TI  - Evaluation of the effectiveness of griseofulvin, tolnaftate, and placebo in the
      topical therapy of superficial dermatophytoses.

PMID- 1090685
TI  - Combined activity of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine against Cryptococcus
      neoformans in vitro and in vivo in mice.
AB  - The in vitro and in vivo activities of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC)
      alone and in combination were studied to determine possible drug interactions
      against two strains of Cryptococcus neoformans, one sensitive to 5-FC and one
      resistant to 5-FC. In vitro tube dilution studies demonstrated only additive
      effects with the 5-FC-sensitive organism but antagonism with eth 5-FC-resistant
      organism. A mouse model of cryptococcal meningitis allowed comparative drug
      trails in a new model for the detection of drug interactions. Drug combinations
      were no more effective against meningitis caused by the 5-FC-sensitive organism
      than the additive effects of the individual drugs. However, meningitis caused by
      the 5-FC-resistant Cryptococcus responded less to drug combinations than to
      either drug alone. Serum levels of amphotericin B and 5-FC were comparable in all
      groups. No evidence of toxicity from the drug combinations was found. No
      inhibition of development of resistance to 5-FC by the combination with
      amphotericin B was detected.

PMID- 1090686
TI  - Use of erythrocytes sensitized with purified enterotoxin from Vibrio cholerae for
      the assay of antibody and antibody-forming cells.
AB  - A method was developed for the sensitization of ovine erythrocytes with a
      purified enterotoxin from Vibrio cholerae. Sensitized cells were used for the
      titration of serum antibody by passive hemagglutination and in a hemolytic plaque
      assay for both IgM and IgG antibody-secreting cells. Inhibition experiments with
      various antigens of V. cholerae indicated that the toxin, whether unheated or
      heat-inactivated, significantly reduced the expected antitoxic plaque-forming
      cell response, whereas a lipopolysaccharide-rich extract from homologous vibiros
      was not inhibitory.

PMID- 1090687
TI  - Microplaque reduction: new assay for neutralizing antibody to lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis virus.
AB  - A plaque-reduction neutralization test for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus was
      developed; microtiter dilution techniques and assay plates were used for the new
      test. Plaques develop by day 4 after inoculation of serum and lymphocytic chorio
      meningitis virus into 5-mm cups containing agarose suspension of baby hamster
      kidney cells. The method lends itself well to the titration of neutralizing
      antibody and gives rapid results with great economy of reagents. When tested with
      one batch of 55 lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-positive sera, the plaque
      reduction test was more senstive for detection of specific antibody than either
      the immunofluorescence or the complement fixation method.

PMID- 1090688
TI  - Rheumatoid behavior in normal human synovial fibroblasts induced by extracts of
      Gram-negative bacteria.
AB  - We have previously shown that exposure of normal human synovial cells to whole
      extracts of Gram-negative bacteria or purified endotoxins results in increased
      synthesis of hyaluronic acid, and increased glucose uptake and lactate output.
      Derivatives of Gram-negative bacteria, therefore, duplicate the major known
      actions of connective tissue activating peptide (CTAP). The studies presented
      here demonstrate that, in addition to the hypermetabolic changes, extract-treated
      synovial cells become hyposensitive to CTAP and acquire accelerated growth rates.
      Furthermore, the cellular alterations which occur following a short bacterial
      product-synovial fibroblast interaction period (72 hours) persist for varying
      lengths of time, in some cases for as long as the cells are followed in culture
      (up to 38 days). Additional data presented suggest that bacterial products induce
      CTAP formation or activation within synovial fibroblasts. Pre-incubation of
      bacterial endotoxin in fresh normal human serum does not alter its ability to
      activate synovial cells. Many of the cellular alterations induced by bacterial
      products and endotoxin (derivatives of infectious agents) resemble the abnormal
      metabolism of rheumatoid synovium in vivo and are characteristic of the behavior
      of rheumatoid connective tissue fibroblasts grown in vitro. Furthermore, the
      persistence of the bacterial extract-induced behavior resembles the semi-autonomy
      of the cultured rheumatoid synovial cell, at least for a limited period of
      observation.

PMID- 1090689
TI  - Effects of castration, and testosterone in vitro, on the hypothalamic synthesis
      of different peptide fractions.
AB  - The incorporation of [3H]tyrosine ([3H]tyr) into different hypothalamic peptide
      fractions isolated from normal and castrated rats on a Sephadex G-25 column has
      been studied in vitro. Luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LH-RF) activity was
      determined in the different fractions by measuring their ability to elicit
      release of radioimmunoassayable luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating
      hormone (FSH) in ovariectomized rats treated with oestrogen and progesterone. For
      a further purification, the fraction with LH-RF activity was applied to a CM
      Sephadex G-25 column eluted with a gradient of ammonium acetate. The large
      radioactive peptides emerged from the Sephadex G-25 column in fraction S-1, while
      the small peptides with LH-RF activity were eluted in fraction S-2. Gonadectomy
      significantly increased the incorporation of [3H]tyr into the peptides of
      fractions S-2. Only in the purified fraction with LH-RF activity was the
      radioactivity incorporated higher in gonadectomized than in normal rats. The
      enhanced incorporation in fraction CM-3 observed after castration implies an
      increase in the hypothalamic synthesis of peptides with LH-RF activity. The
      addition of testosterone (2 mug/ml) to the incubation medium of hypothalamus from
      gonadectomized rats, corrected these modifications. Gonadectomy decreased the
      incorporation of tyrosine into the large peptides, and incubation with
      testosterone corrected this change. The modifications in the incorporation of
      [3H]tyr into the large and small peptides produced by castration appear to
      indicate that gonadectomy, as well as stimulating the production of LH-RF,
      enhances the synthesis of other hypothalamic peptides while inhibiting the
      synthesis of proteins. On the other hand an increase in the breakdown of large
      peptides into small peptides cannot be excluded.

PMID- 1090690
TI  - The temporal relationship between the secretion of luteinizing hormone and
      testosterone in man.
AB  - It has been suggested recently that testosterone secretion by the human testis
      may be controlled by factors other than luteinizing hormone (LH). In order to re
      examine this hypothesis, plasma LH and testosterone concentrations were
      determined throughout the day in eight studies. A new method of data analysis
      revealed that the levels of the two hormones were closely related, but that the
      testicular response to LH was sluggish. These results explain some
      inconsistencies in the literature. It was demonstrated that average values for LH
      varied throughout the day, with a morning maximum and an evening minimum. It was
      also shown that injections of LH releasing hormone in man resulted in an increase
      in plasma testosterone above control levels. These results are consistent with
      the concept that LH controls the major changes in testosterone secretion in men.
      They do not exclude, however, the possible existence of other factors which might
      affect the peripheral concentration of testosterone, such as changes in
      testicular blood flow.

PMID- 1090691
TI  - Effect of active immunization to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone on
      gonadotrophin levels in ovariectomized rats.

PMID- 1090692
TI  - Luteinizing hormone release in entire and castrated rams following injection of
      synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, and effect of testosterone
      propionate pre-treatment.
AB  - Plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and LH responses to intravenous
      administration of 100 mug luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) were
      studied in entire rams, long-term castrated animals (operation performed six
      months previously), long-term castrated animals treated with testosterone for the
      two prededing weeks and short-term castrated animals (castrated 3 h before LH-RH
      injection). LH was measured by radioimmunoassay in samples taken at 5 or 15 min
      intervals. Basal LH levels were lower in entire rams (0-9 ng/ml) than in long
      term castrated animals (6-0 ng/nl). After LH-RH treatment the LH response was
      much smaller (peak level 9-6 ng/ml), total response 13-3 ng/ml/1 h) and slower
      (120 min to peak) in entire than in long-term castrated animals (peak level 61-8
      ng/ml, total response 141-2 ng/ml/1 h, 29 min to peak). Testosterone treatment
      after long-term castration depressed the basal LH level and delayed the peak LH
      response after LH-RH to values similar to those for entire rams. After short-term
      castration the response to LH-RH was already as great (peak level 70-1 ng/ml,
      total response 133-6 ng/ml/1 h) as after long-term castration. The latency to
      peak LH level (82 min) was intermediate between that for untreated and
      testosterone-treated long-term castrated animals (130 min). Testosterone
      treatment was considered to have acted on the hypothalamus to depress basal
      levels. The results provided evidence for the presence of two inhibitory actions
      of the testis at the pituitary level in the ram: a qualitative delaying action of
      testosterone and a quantitative inhibitory action of the testis on LH release
      after LH-RH injection. The latter may also be related to plasma testosterone
      levels.

PMID- 1090693
TI  - The secretion and metabolic clearance rates of oestradiol in the rat.
AB  - The secretion rate (SR) of oestradiol in rats at different stages of the oestrous
      cycle was determined by measuring the concentration of this hormone in ovarian
      vein plasma by a competitive protein binding method utilizing rabbit uterine
      cytosol. The plasma metabolic clearance rate (MCRP) for oestradiol was determined
      in groups of rats of the same strain and housed under the same conditions by
      giving a single intravenous injection of tritiated oestradiol-17beta and
      measuring the rate of disappearance of labelled hormone from the plasma. From the
      relationship SR equals MCRP times plasma concentration, predicted values for the
      plasma oestradiol concentration were obtained and shown to be close to those
      obtained by direct analysis of peripheral plasma. The MCRP for oestradiol was not
      greatly influenced by the stage of the oestrous cycle, the dose of oestradiol
      17beta injected, ovariectomy 18 h previously or by a sham-operation immediately
      before the injection of labelled hormone. The anaesthetic used did affect the
      MCRP ; the value for adult female rats injected under ether anaesthesia was about
      970 ml/h but under Avertin anaesthesia clearance rates of about 1500 ml/h were
      obtained. Ligation of the bile duct acutely reduced the MCRP but functional
      nephrectomy had no immediate effect. Sub-total hepatectomy 18 h previously
      reduced the MCRP considerably. A small decrease in MCRP was observed when the
      labelled hormone was administered in third trimester human pregnancy plasma and
      the MCRP was lower in rats on Day 14 of pregnancy than in rats examined during
      the oestrous cycle.

PMID- 1090694
TI  - Development of pathways of insulin secretion in the rabbit.
AB  - Insulin release was studied in vitro using pieces of pancreas from rabbits of
      between 24 days gestational age and 6 weeks postnatal age. When allowance was
      made for the fraction of pancreas which was endocrine, 16-5mM-glucose caused
      increasing stimulation of insulin release as development advanced and 3-3 mM
      glucose caused a similar rate of secretion at all ages. Secretion was not
      significantly influenced by insulin destruction in the incubation medium.
      Glucagon (5 mug/ml) did not stimulate insulin secretion from 24-day foetal
      pancreas but did so postnatally. Theophylline (1 mmol/1) stimulated insulin
      release at all ages and was equipotent on 24-day foetal pancreas in 3-3 or 16-5
      mM-glucose. The stimulation of insulin release from 24-day foetal pancreas by 1
      mM-theophylline occurred in the absence of extracellular glucose, pyruvate,
      fumarate and glutamate and in the presence of mannoheptulose and 2-deoxyglucose
      (each 3 mg/ml). Adrenaline (1 mumol/1) and diazoxide (250 mug/ml) abolished or
      attenuated the stimulation of insulin release by glucose, leucine plus arginine
      or theophylline from 24-day foetal, 1 day and 6 weeks postnatal pancreas. The
      stimulation of insulin release from 6-week-old pancreas by 1mM-barium was blocked
      by adrenaline and diazoxide but the effect became less with increasing
      immaturity. The experimental results illustrate some of the ways in which insulin
      secretion by the rabbit beta cell changes as a function of development and draw
      attention to the importance of glucose and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in this
      process.

PMID- 1090695
TI  - Effects of indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, on the
      hypothalamic-pituitary system in rats.

PMID- 1090696
TI  - Mass isolation and culture of rat kupffer cells.
AB  - Collagenase perfusion of the liver followed by pronase treatment of the cell
      suspension thus obtained gave a quantitative recovery of viable nonparenchymal
      liver cells (NPC). From these NPC, Kupffer (K) cells can be purified by
      attachment to tissue culture dishes. Tail vein injection of carbon 1-2 h before
      liver perfusion permitted stepwise calculation as well as visualization of carbon
      containing K cells. When these K cells have been put into tissue culture medium
      with serum and incubated overnight, they exhibit typical macrophage
      characteristics. Phase-contrast and transmission electron microscopy showed
      typical macrophage morphology and scanning electron microscopy revealed well
      spread cells with cytoplasmic projections and ruffled membranes. Endocytosis
      studies using radioactive colloidal gold and inert latex particles also indicated
      that these cells are highly active in pinocytosis and phagocytosis. Further
      characterization of K cells is the identification of Fc receptor on their
      membranes. Studies on lysosomal enzymes showed that purified K cells possess
      higher specific activities in beta-glucuronidase, acid DNase, and cathepsin D
      than in purified parenchymal cells.

PMID- 1090697
TI  - Cell surface immunoglobulin. XI. The appearance of an IgD-like molecule on murine
      lymphoid cells during ontogeny.
AB  - An Ig molecule containing L chains and H chains similar to human delta-chains has
      been detected on the surface of radioiodinated murine lymphoid cells. Newborn
      mice have only IgM on their splenocytes. Between 10 and 15 days, the IgD-like
      molecule appears and increases in amount until 3 mo of age, when it is the
      predominant cell surface Ig in terms of radioactivity. IgD is found only in
      peripheral lymphoid tissues and is present in larger amounts on peripheral lymph
      node cells (approximately 85% of surface Ig) than on splenocytes (approximately
      50%). IgD is also present in comparable amounts on cells from both nu/nu and
      germfree mice, indicating that its expression may be independent of both thymic
      influence and antigenic stimulation. These studies suggest that there is a switch
      from cell surface IgM to IgD that occurs during differentiation of virgin B
      lymphocytes in the spleen.

PMID- 1090698
TI  - Cell interactions between histoincompatible T and B lymphocytes. VII. Cooperative
      responses between lymphocytes are controlled by genes in the I region of the H-2
      complex.
AB  - The results of this study provide compelling evidence for the existence of the
      gene or genes controlling optimal T-B-cell cooperative interactions in the
      designated I region of the H-2 gene complex. Previously, we have speculated that
      the relevant gene(s) involved may well be located in this region based on several
      observations from our earlier work in this area (3, 5, 6). Thus, in the preceding
      paper, we showed that T and B cells from B10.BR and A strain mice developed
      effective cooperative interactions in vitro to DNP-KLH in a system identical to
      the one reported herein. Since these mice differ for genes in the S and D regions
      of H-2 but are identical for K and I region genes, we were able to localize the
      critical genes to the K-end of H-2.

PMID- 1090699
TI  - Guinea pig immune response-related histocompatibility antigens. Partial
      characterization and distribution.
AB  - We have previously demonstrated that guinea pig alloantisera directed at strain 2
      and strain 13 membrane antigens block specific lymphocyte activation in immune
      response gene-controlled systems. In this communication we describe the partial
      characterization of the antigens against which these antisera are directed (the 2
      and 13 antigens) and, in addition, that of the B antigen which by distribution
      resembles the human HL-A and mouse H-2 major histocompatibility antigens.
      Lymphoid cells from strain 2 and strain 13 guinea pigs were surface labeled with
      125I by the lactoperoxidase technique. Nonidet P-40 extracts of these labeled
      cells were precipitated by sandwiches of strain 2 antistrain 13, strain 13
      antistrain 2, or outbred anti-B antisera, followed by rabbit antiguinea pig
      immunoglobulin antisera. Precipitates were dissolved in sodium dodecyl sulfate
      (SDS) and electrophoresed on SDS polyacrylamide gels. Radioactive peaks
      representing the 2 and B-cell membrane antigens were obtained from strain 2 lymph
      node cells, as well as from a B-lymphoid cell population (L2C leukemia cells) and
      a T-lymphocyte population (STRAIN 2 PERITONEAL EXUDATE LYMPHOCYTES [PELs]).
      Radioactive peaks representing the 13 and B-cell membrane antigens were obtained
      from strain 13 lymph node cells and strain 13 PELs. All anti-B precipitates
      produced two peaks when electrophoresed on SDS polyacrylamide gels; one
      representing an antigen with a mol wt of approximately 45,000, and one
      representing an antigen with a mol wt of about 12,000. Both may be components of
      a single protein. All anti-2 and anti-13 precipitates produced a single peak when
      electrophoresed on SDS polyacrylamide gels. Both the 2 and 13 antigens were found
      by this technique to have mol wt of approximately 25,000. By molecular weight
      criteria, as well as by previously investigated distributional criteria, the B
      antigen is similar to the human LA and Four antigens, and to the mouse D and K
      antigens, and the 2 and 13 antigens are similar to the mouse Ia antigens.

PMID- 1090701
TI  - Rosette-forming ability of thymus-derived lymphocytes in humoral and cell
      mediated immunity. II. Helper cell activity.
AB  - The technique of velocity sedimentation at unit gravity was used to determine the
      size and rosette-forming ability of helper cells in nonimmune and immune C57BL/6
      mice. Helper T cells were assayed by the ability to cooperate with bone barrow
      (B) cells in the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) in vivo. 19S
      helper cells in nonimmune animals were nonrosette-forming small lymphocytes;
      after immunization with SRBC in complete Freund's adjuvant, 19S helper cells were
      nonrosette-forming medium lymphocytes. 7S helper cells in immune animals were
      small lymphocytes which did not form rosettes. No SRBC binding by helper cells
      was observed under the conditions of rosette formation used.

PMID- 1090700
TI  - A stable form of delayed-type hypersensitivity.
AB  - An antigen dose below the level needed to provoke an antibody response produces
      in mice a persistent, but minor degree of delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to
      sheep red blood cells. The DTH is unstable. It is erased by larger doses of
      antigen and cannot be built upon by further antigenic stimulation. The much
      higher levels of DTH resulting from immunization under the modulating influence
      of cyclophosphamide (CY) or BCG persist under strong secondary antigenic
      stimulation, though the former is subject to partial suppression unless CY is
      used to prevent the secondary humoral response. The DTH produced by a BCG
      modulated primary response is not subject to this suppressive effect of a
      secondary antibody response. In this case the anamnestic T-cell response is very
      brisk and cannont be potentiated by giving CY at the time of the secondary
      antigenic stimulus. This effect is not due to the modulating influence of a
      residual BCG infection. It results from a permanent change induced during the
      primary response. The mediator cells formed under the influence of BCG are
      apparently resistant to inhibition by blocking serum containing immune complexes.
      Even the actively dividing T cells which are susceptible to vinblastine, and most
      readily blocked in the absence of BCG, are highly resistant to blocking by immune
      complexes. It is not clear whether these cells are intrinsically different or
      whether their insensitivity to blocking results from features peculiar to the
      humoral response that accompanies a BCG-modulated primary response. The mediator
      cells produced by both BCG- and CY-modulated responses become vinblastine
      resistant, relatively insensitive to humoral blocking factors, and capable of
      surviving in a functionally active form in syngeneic recipients with an apparent
      half-life of about 50 days. There were indications, however, that their effective
      life-span may be greatly extended in some circumstances by persisting antigenic
      stimulation; and in the case of BCG-modulated immunity the prevailing level of T
      cell activity can be greatly augmented by a further antigenic stimulus without
      the necessity for renewed exposure to BCG.

PMID- 1090703
TI  - Glass comparisons using a computerized refractive index data base.

PMID- 1090702
TI  - Role of C'3 and Fc receptors in B-lymphocyte activation.
AB  - Attempts were made to identify the non-Ig lymphocyte receptor responsible for B
      cell induction by antigen and polyclonal B-cell activators (PBA). As a first
      step, the role of C'3 and Fc receptors was analyzed. It was shown that complement
      could be fixed onto B cells to such an extent that the lymphocytes could not bind
      complement-coated red cells, but this did not result in induction of polyclonal
      antibody synthesis, nor did it inhibit the lymphocytes response to PBA. However,
      the C'3 receptros possessed a passive focussing role in the induction of
      polyclonal antibody responses. Thus, PBA that had fixed complement activated
      polyclonal responses at lower concentrations than the same substances that had
      not fixed complement. Most likely the dual binding of PBA molecules to B cells by
      the PBA and the C'3 receptors caused more PBA molecules to be bound to each cell.
      However, the focussing function of the C'3 receptors was several orders of
      magnitude smaller than that of the Ig receptors. Analogous studies were carried
      out with Fc receptors. Binding of different types of antigen-antibody complexes
      did not cause activation of polyclonal or specific antibody synthesis, nor did it
      significantly interfere with induction of antibody synthesis by PBA substances.

PMID- 1090704
TI  - Death as a legal entity.

PMID- 1090705
TI  - The Clifford Irving hoax of the Howard Hughes autobiography.
AB  - The problem was to determine whether Howard R. Hughes, Edith Irving, or Clifford
      Irving wrote the questioned material Exhibits Q-1 through Q-35. The findings were
      as follows. 1. Howard R. Hughes was eliminated as the possible writer of the
      questioned handwriting on Exhibits Q-1 through Q-35. Although there were
      pictorial resemblances between Hughes' handwriting and the questioned material
      enumerated above, significant characteristic differences were also present which
      unequivocally eliminated him as the writer. 2. Edith Irving was identified as the
      writer of the "Edith Sommer for deposit only" endorsement on Exhibit Q-11. 3.
      Edith Irving also very probably wrote the "Hanne Rosenkrantz" on Exhibit Q-27
      through Q-34, but the questioned writings were restricted to the examination of
      poor quality photocopies which did not provide proper basis for the handwriting
      comparison. 4. There were indications that Edith Irving also may have written the
      questioned endorsement "H. R. Hughes" on Exhibit Q-3 and the questioned
      signatures "H. R. Hughes" on Exhibits Q-4, Q-5, Q-6, Q-7, and Q-35, by simulating
      the handwriting of Howard R. Hughes on those questioned exhibits. She could not
      be identified, however, based on the available handwriting specimens obtained
      from the federal grand jury on 8 Feb. 1972. 5. Clifford Irving was identified as
      the writer of the questioned material on Exhibits Q-1, Q-2, Q-8, Q-9, Q-12a and Q
      13a and Q-13b, Q-14, Q-15a through Q-15c, Q-16a and Q-16b, Q-22a through Q-22i, Q
      23, Q-24, Q-25, and Q-26. A study of the questioned handwriting with the known
      handwriting of Howard R. Hughes revealed a definite attempt on the part of Irving
      to simulate the handwriting of Hughes, having seen Hughes' writing in earlier
      issues of Time-Life.

PMID- 1090706
TI  - Lithium in the treatment of aggression.
AB  - Lithium has become a widely accepted treatment for manic-depressive psychosis. It
      is dramatically effective for many cases of mania and is useful in the prevention
      of manic and depressive episodes. Hyperaggressiveness and hypersexuality are
      frequent components of manic-depressive illness and abate under the influence of
      lithium. A brief review is presented of the behavioral and biochemical
      pharmacology of lithium. This documents the inhibitory role which lithium can
      play in several examples of animal aggressive behavior including pain-elicited
      aggression, mouse killing in rats, isolation-induced aggression in mice, p
      chlorophenylalanine-induced aggression in rats, and hypothalamically induced
      aggression in cats. The use of lithium to control human aggressive behavior has
      resulted in controversial findings. In epileptic conditions, improvement has been
      reported in interseizure aggressivity, but other reports indicate the possibility
      of increased seizures. Improvement in aggressive behavior in childhood has
      occasionally been reported as well as in emotionally unstable character disorders
      in young female patients. Te was a single blind study and the other a large but
      uncontrolled study. Both studies reported an improvement in aggressiveness as
      indicated by fewer recorded reports (tickets) for fighting. The final study
      reported is a study of 12 male delinquents age 16 to 23. They received lithium or
      placebo for 4 months inside an institution and then a trial of lithium for 1 to
      12 months on an outpatient basis. Analysis of results in terms of the number of
      aggressive antisocial acts showed fewer serious aggressive episodes when the
      lithium level was between 0.6 and 1 meq/liter than when it was between 0.0 and
      0.6 meq/liter. These results must be viewed with caution and are only suggestive
      since the study was not double blind.

PMID- 1090707
TI  - Effects of psychostimulants on aggression.

PMID- 1090708
TI  - Computerized EEG: predictor of outcome in schizophrenia.
AB  - Based on a double blind cross-over study, it was determined that schizophrenic
      patient who have more high frequency fast activity and a lesser degree of alpha
      and slow waves in computerized EEG before the treatment have a better therapeutic
      outcome to the major tranquilizer (neuroleptic) treatment. The correlation
      between pretreatment high frequency computer EEG measurements and better
      therapeutic outcome reached the level of statistical significance. "Therapy
      resistant" schizophrenic patients were characterized by a lesser degree of very
      fast beta activity, more alpha waves and slow waves, higher amplitudes in
      computer EEG, and a lesser degree of acute (florid) psychotic symptomatology but
      more "negative" symptoms such as motor retardation and blunted affect. One of the
      most striking results of the study is the finding that schizophrenic patients
      with certain psychopathological profiles also have similar computer EEG profiles.

PMID- 1090709
TI  - Brain function and behavior. I. Emotion and sensory phenomena in psychotic
      patients and in experimental animals.
AB  - For the past 25 years, the research program of the Tulane University Department
      of Psychiatry and Neurology has been directed primarily to the development of
      treatment for patients with certain psychiatric and neurological disorders that
      have been resistant to commonly used therapy. In the course of investigations,
      using a variety of approaches, new techniques have evolved which have permitted
      simultaneous exploration of brain activity and behavior. The data reported
      substantiate an anatomical localization in the brain for the syndrome of
      psychotic behavior. Further, observations in patients, coupled with animal
      investigations, have led to the demonstration of brain pathways and previously
      undisclosed anatomical connections which provide a physical substrate for the
      clinically observed relation between perception and emotionality. These findings
      provide a basis for the development of specific biological methods for the
      treatment of behavioral disorders.

PMID- 1090710
TI  - Sexual functioning in patients with chronic renal failure.
AB  - There is little information on the sexual activity of patients with end-stage
      renal failure in spite of its being mentioned as a common side effect of kidney
      disease and chronic hemodialysis. In this report 32 married, male dialysis
      patients, 19 of whom had also received renal homografts, were interviewed and a
      detailed sexual history obtained. Twenty per cent of this population had no
      decrease in sexual functioning after the onset of kidney disease or the
      institution of dialysis, 45 per cent had reduced sexual potency after the onset
      of kidney disease, and another 35 per cent after beginning dialysis. Forty per
      cent of those patients receiving a kidney transplant had a subsequent increase in
      sexual potency.

PMID- 1090711
TI  - Steroid-induced remission in spinal canal reticulum cell sarcoma. Report of two
      cases.

PMID- 1090712
TI  - Letter: E. Latunde Odeku.

PMID- 1090713
TI  - Letter: Quantitative evaluation of patients for shunt therapy.

PMID- 1090714
TI  - Fat embolism: a comprehensive review.
AB  - Fat embolism as a cause or as a contributing factor to the death of injured
      patients is probably not diagnosed in many instances. Treatment is beneficial in
      moderate cases of fat at embolism; severe cases result in death and mild cases
      usually resolve without treatment. Awarness of the symptoms is important.
      Treatment should be directed to the symptoms rather than to the disease.
      Respiratory support seems to be the most effective treatment.

PMID- 1090715
TI  - Axenic culture of Trypanosoma cruzi in a chemically defined medium.

PMID- 1090716
TI  - Comparison of serologic tests for human cysticercosis by indirect
      hemagglutination, indirect immunofluorescent antibody, and agar gel precipitin
      tests.

PMID- 1090717
TI  - Development of infectivity by the Plasmodium berghei sporozoite.
AB  - Studies were done on the development of infectivity during ontogeny of the
      sporozoite of the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium berghei. Populations of
      sporozoites were separated from the oocysts, the hemocoel, and the salivary
      glands, with special precautions being taken to avoid cross-contamination between
      the different populations. The results indicated that populations of salivary
      gland sporozoites were more than 10,000 times as infective as populations of
      oocyst sporozoites from the same mosquitoes. The development of this infectivity
      appears to be asynchronous, in some cases taking place in the hemocoel, while in
      other cases not occurring until after the sporozoites have invaded the salivary
      glands. Thus, the development of infectivity seems to be time-dependent rather
      than site-dependent. There is also a continued increase in sporozoite infectivity
      during their residence in the salivary gland. The development of infectivity may
      be associated with other aspects of sporozoite maturation, including changes in
      their antigenicity and motility.

PMID- 1090718
TI  - A controlled trial of intraperitoneal cephaloridine administration in
      peritonitis.
AB  - From a controlled therapeutic trial extending for more than 2 yr and involving 69
      patients with appendicitis and peritonitis a clear-cut statistically significant
      result emerged. There was a major reduction in the incidence of intraperitoneal
      abscesses using cephaloridine by the intraperitoneal as opposed to the systemic
      route. After randomized selection into treatment and control groups,
      cephaloridine, 25 mg/kg was given by injection every 6 hr for 48 hr to the
      treatment group by i.p. installation and to the control group by systemic
      injection. Both groups received initial intraoperative peritoneal lavage with
      normal saline and also continued systemic injections of cephaloridine on
      postoperative days 3, 4, and 5. Only one out of 36 patients in the treatment
      group developed a residual intraperitoneal abscess, as opposed to six abscesses
      developing in 33 patients in the control group. Technical problems and
      complications of the method were trivial and have not prevented us from
      continuing and extending the applications of the method.

PMID- 1090719
TI  - Hemodialysis and renal transplantation in childhood: description of a program.
AB  - Over a 2-yr period eight kidneys have been transplanted in seven patients at the
      University Children's Hospital of Berne. Six of these patients are alive 4-24 mo
      after transplantation. The results seem encouraging and the procedure justified,
      especially in view of the chance of full rehabilitation, which is obviously less
      complete with chronic hemodialysis.

PMID- 1090720
TI  - The effects of two ultrasonic instruments on root surfaces.
AB  - The Orbison ultrasonic instrument and the Cavitron ultrasonic dental unit were
      compared for the smoothness of the root surfaces they produced. Twenty teeth were
      analyzed with the scanning electron microscope and classified as to rough or
      smooth. Both instruments produced similar degrees of smoothness on the root
      surfaces with minimal scarring. Application of these instruments to the root
      surface apical to the epithelial attachment produced residual smearing of some of
      the collagenous fibrils.

PMID- 1090721
TI  - Harry Sicher. 1889--1974.

PMID- 1090722
TI  - The subcutaneous implantation of xenogeneic decalcified teeth.
AB  - Decalcified matrices obtained from bone and dentin have been used in xenogeneic
      implantation experiments. It is observed that such implants generally do not
      induce new bone but in many cases result in recalcification of old matrices.
      Treatment of the matrices with the enzyme inhibitor, iodoacetic acid, prior to
      implantation also did not enhance or improve the osteoinductive potentiality of
      these matrices. It is therefore suggested that the bone morphogenetic protein
      (BMP) to which the osteoinductive potentiality has been attributed by Urist et
      al. is a highly species-specific moiety and that the xenogeneic implant is hence
      a poor choice for its determination.

PMID- 1090723
TI  - Guide to NAPNES State Associations of Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurses and
      State Boards of Nursing for LP/VNs.

PMID- 1090724
TI  - Factors affecting the masticatory performance of complete denture wearers.

PMID- 1090725
TI  - Load transfer to alveolar bone as influenced by abutment designs for tooth
      supported dentures.

PMID- 1090726
TI  - A diagnostic wax-up technique.
AB  - A procedural outline has been presented for the accomplishment of a diagnostic
      wax-up as a preliminary step to actual preparation of the teeth as suggested by
      the proponents of gnathologic techniques. 8.9) The use of this technique will
      decrease the possibility of error in the construction of any extensive fixed
      partial denture prosthesis. The success of any procedure required the willingness
      of general dentists and specialists to, 'Spend more time planning than doing.'

PMID- 1090727
TI  - Factors affecting airborne beryllium concentrations in dental spaces.
AB  - Air sampling for beryllium concentrations produced during finishing procedures
      for a beryllium-containing alloy was conducted in two rooms with capacities of
      700 and  10,000 cubic feet. The clearance rate of beryllium in the air and the
      effect of ventilation and room size on these  concentrations were investigated.
      With local lathe ventilation, no beryllium was found. Without local lathe
      ventilation, mean  10 minutes concentrations of about 23 mug per cubic meter were
      found at the breathing zone of the lathe operator in both rooms. At 4 and 8 feet
      from the breathing zone, sizable concentrations of beryllium above the maximum
      acceptable standard were found only in the small room. These levels decreased to
      zero 10 minutes after completion of the finishing and polishing procedure. It was
      concluded that there was little hazard to dental personnel when local lathe
      ventilation was used; however, our finding of high concentrations of beryllium in
      the air when lathe ventilation was not used indicates that continued vigilance
      must be maintained.

PMID- 1090728
TI  - Modified hygroscopic gold casting technique.
AB  - A  modified hygrosopic gold casting technique has been described. It utilizes a
      dual-wax pattern with controlled amounts of water added to the setting investment
      to better influence both the location and amount of investment expansion. This
      technique has been used since 1970 with excellent clinical results.

PMID- 1090730
TI  - Carl O. Boucher. October 4, 1904--March 11, 1975.

PMID- 1090729
TI  - Removable prosthodontics in the United Kingdom and Scandinavia.

PMID- 1090731
TI  - The role of the prosthodontist in preprosthetic surgery.

PMID- 1090732
TI  - An impression technique for cast restorations.
AB  - A technique has been described for making impressions for cast restorations. It
      can be used for a single preparation or for multiple preparations in a single
      arch. The most unique feature of the teachnique is that the tray is formed over
      the prepared teeth, either directly or indirectly. The impression material is
      confined to a relatively small area and is forced by positive pressure into the
      gingival sulci around the prepared teeth. The result is an impression that is
      dense and void free and which records marginal and coronal surfaces with accurate
      detail. A dentist who is trained and experienced in the use of tray techniques
      can easily make the transition to this method.

PMID- 1090733
TI  - Gingival recession with electrosurgery for impression making.

PMID- 1090734
TI  - A clinical and histologic evaluation of a single blade implant and surrounding
      bone.

PMID- 1090735
TI  - Datus M. Hammond 1911-1974.  In Memoriam.

PMID- 1090736
TI  - A macromolecule-free partially defined medium for Trypanosoma cruzi.
AB  - A macromolecule-free medium, containing in its defined part 3 salts, glucose,
      hemin, 21 amino acids, 3 lipids, and some undefined components obtained by
      dialysis of liver infusion, was developed for serial cultivation of Trypanosoma
      cruzi at 28 C.  The medium allows prolonged cultivation of T. cruzi by serial
      transfers and growth comparable to that obtained in more complex media, including
      those containing blood serum.

PMID- 1090737
TI  - Three centuries of protozoology: a brief tribute to its founding father, A. van
      Leeuwenhoek of Delft.
AB  - It was exactly 300 years ago this month (August 1974) that the 17th century
      modest draper from Delft, Holland--Antony van Leeuwenhoek--discovered protozoa. 
      Describing them, often with amazing accuracy considering the optical equipment he
      was using (simply a home-made "glorified" hand lens), in letters to the Royal
      Society of London, he established himself, certainly, as the founding father of
      protozoology.  It is particularly appropriate for an assemblage of
      protozoologists to pay homage to this intrepid "philosopher in little things," a
      man with an insatiable curiosity about his wee animalcules, on the tricentenary
      of his discovery of them, since it was an event of such long-lasting
      significance.

PMID- 1090738
TI  - Oral irrigating devices; an appraisal of current information.

PMID- 1090739
TI  - The development of requirements for the dentist in public health; a review, 1945
      1973.

PMID- 1090740
TI  - Antibodies and sperm survival in the female tract of the mouse and rabbit.
AB  - Rabbit and mouse spermatozoa from male and female tracts have been examined for
      their species-antigenic surface character, and for adherent antibodies, by double
      immunofluorescence techniques. Mouse spermatozoa from the ductus deferens showed
      an area over the acrosome which was positive to anti-mouse serum that had been
      absorbed with some male mouse somatic tissues including blood, but those from the
      uterus and oviduct were not stained. Spermatozoa from the uterus were shown to
      have an antibody coat on the acrosome, with anti-mouse IgG, but those from the
      ductus deferens and oviduct did not. Rabbit spermatozoa were more variable but
      their activity was similar: ejaculated spermatozoa sometimes already had antibody
      of male origin; the majority of the spermatozoa arriving early in the uterus were
      coated, but in general those that attained the oviducts were not coated. The
      results are interpreted as evidence for selection by the female tract of a small
      antigenically different population; the majority of spermatozoa are rejected
      and/or destroyed.

PMID- 1090741
TI  - Cervicectomy with uterovaginal anastomosis in the rhesus monkey: a new surgical
      model for reproductive studies.
AB  - Cervicectomy with uterovaginal anastomosis in the rhesus monkey allows easy and
      non-traumatic access to the uterine cavity through the vagina for such purposes
      as biopsy, flushing, aspiration of fluid, and placement of IUDs. Endometrial and
      tissue samples cannot be contaminated by cervical mucus. The surgical procedure
      and results on eleven animals are described. Neither uterine nor ovarian function
      appeared to be significantly altered. The surgical model seems well suited to
      long-term studies on IUDs.

PMID- 1090742
TI  - Progesterone: sites of action in inhibiting ovulation in hamsters.
AB  - A single subcutaneous injection of progesterone (0.5 mg/animal at 17.00 hours) on
      Day 3 of the cycle (Day 1 = day of vaginal discharge) interfered with ovulation
      and external vaginal discharge in all the animals. Lower doses were only partly
      active. Intravenous administration of LH, FSH or their combination at 14.00 hours
      on Day 4 failed to restore ovulation in such animals, implying a direct action of
      the administered progesterone on the ovary. A large dose of oestradiol benzoate
      (400 mug/animal) also proved inactive suggesting that progesterone did not
      interfere with ovulation solely through antioestrogenic action. Depletion of the
      pituitary LH stores normally found in association with ovulation and ovulatory
      peak of LH in plasma seen in control animals were not observed in the
      progesterone-treated hamsters suggesting a further action of progesterone at the
      pituitary-hypothalamic level in inhibiting ovulation. Administration of synthetic
      LRF (100 ng/animal, i.v.) on Day 4 to hamsters treated with progesterone caused
      an increase in plasma LH 15 min later which was comparable to the rise observed
      in control animals given a similar injection of LH-RF, implying lack of action of
      progesterone at the pituitary level. It is concluded that progesterone acts
      centrally, principally on the hypothalamus, and peripherally on the ovary to
      interfere with ovulation in hamsters. It is possible that the anovulatory state
      accompanying pregnancy results from these actions.

PMID- 1090743
TI  - The burn wound from the surgical point of view.
AB  - The surgical approach cannot, and should not, be different for a mechanical wound
      and for a burn wound. Thin autografts applied over an excised burn wound act as
      the best antibiotic and the best analgetic, and at the same time provide a
      definite cover. The removal of thin skin grafts does not represent any additional
      danger to the burned patient. Homografts applied on excised dermal surfaces act
      as the best protection for potentially damaged layers of dermis, assuring
      spontaneous epithelization after their rejection. The clinical results obtained
      by primary necrectomies in extensive deep burns justify the conclusion that more
      of our effects should be concentrated towards an earlier and more adequate
      treatment in the early postburn phase. I am sure that the only chance of survival
      of critically burned patients depends on efficient action. Like Evans, I do
      believe in the value of whole blood transfusion in badly burned patients. We have
      to try to save their lives by changing their blood, as we do without hesitation
      in cases of badly matched blood transfusions.

PMID- 1090744
TI  - Observations on the ultrastructure of a fiber network in the flagellum of sperm
      of the blush tailed phalanger, Trichosurus vulpecula.

PMID- 1090745
TI  - The surface coat of epididymal, ejaculated and capacitated sperm.

PMID- 1090746
TI  - Localization of alkaline phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by means of
      ultrathin frozen sections.

PMID- 1090747
TI  - Purification and properties of a bacteriophage T5-modified form of Escherichia
      coli RNA polymerase.
AB  - A modified form of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase that contains one of the three
      T5-specific polypeptides known to interact with the host enzyme was purified from
      bacteriophage T5-infected cells. The properties of this T5-modified enzyme
      appeared identical to those of the RNA polymerase derived from uninfected non
      colicinogenic cells and to a fully active enzyme isolated from T5-infected ColIb+
      cells after the limited in vivo transcription of T5 genes allowed by the plasmid
      had ceased.

PMID- 1090748
TI  - Occurrence of the bacteriophage lambda receptor in some enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - In Escherichia coli K-12, the receptor for phage lambda is an outer membrane
      protein which inactivates the phage in vitro. Lambda receptor activity was found
      in extracts from all wild strains of E. coli tested, although most of them fail
      to support growth of the phage. In some cases this failure is due to a masking of
      the receptor in vivo, the bacteria being unable to adsorb the phage or to react
      with antireceptor antibodies. In other cases, adsorption does occur, and the
      nature of the block in phage growth was not investigated. Most Mal+ strains of
      Shigella have lambda receptor, whereas most Mal- strains do not have it.
      Synthesis of the lambda receptor in Shigella is thus presumably controlled by the
      positive regulator gene of the maltose regulon as is the case in E. coli K-12.
      Phage lambda adsorbs on many Mal+ strains of Shigella and even yields plaques on
      some of them, although at a low frequency. No lambda receptor activity could be
      found in extracts of several strains of Salmonella and Levinea.

PMID- 1090750
TI  - Bacteriophage-host interaction and restriction of nonglucosylated T6.
AB  - Nonglucosylated T6 phage (T6gtam 16am30, hereafter called T6alpha gt-) were found
      to have two structural anomalies when compared with wild-type T6. The DNA of
      T6alpha gt- phage contains single-strand interruptions. These can be seen both
      during infection, in the pool of replicating DNA, and in DNA extracted from
      purified phage. In addition, the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      pattern of T6alpha gt- phage structural proteins reveals a protein band not found
      in T6. The altered protein has a mobility slightly faster than that of the major
      head protein, and it is not removed by osmotic shock. The restriction activity of
      Escherichia coli B directed against T6alpha gt- phage is abolished by
      preinfection of the cells for 4 min with T4 im m2. The shut-off of restriction is
      observed either by the rescue of superinfecting T6alpha gt- or by the failure to
      detect degradation of incoming T6alpha gt- DNA. This effect is resistant to
      rifampin and chloramphenicol.

PMID- 1090749
TI  - Growth studies of three phi chi 174 mutants in tsDNA mutants Escherichia coli.
AB  - Three mutants of phi chi 174 were examined for their abilities to grow in
      temperature-sensitive dna,A, dnaC, dnaE, or dnaG mutants of Escherichia coli. The
      results indicate that the phage mutants have acquired the ability to grow in some
      tsDNA mutants that normally block the replication of wild-type phi chi 174.
      Evidence is presented indicating that the phage mutants contain one or more
      altered structural proteins. Several models are presented to explain how altered
      phage structural proteins could affect phi chi 174 replication.

PMID- 1090751
TI  - Isolation of mutants of bacteriophage T4 unable to induce thymidine kinase
      activity. II. Location of the structural gene for thymidine kinase.
AB  - Amber mutants of bacteriophage T4 have been isolated that induce thymidine kinase
      activity only after infection of a strain of Escherichia coli carrying a
      suppressor mutation. The activity induced when one of these mutants infected this
      suppressor strain is much more heat sensitive than the activity induced by wild
      type T4. This indicates that this amber mutation lies within the structural gene
      for thymidine kinase. This gene is between fI and v on the standard T4 genetic
      map. A mutant of tt4 that is unable to induce thymidine kinase activity
      incorporates only about one-eighth as much thymidine into its DNA as phage that
      do induce thymidine kinase. This contrasts to the findings that the total
      thymidine kinase activity in extracts prepared from cells infected with phage
      able to induce thymidine kinase in only twice as great as the activity in cells
      infected with the mutant unable to induce the enzyme.

PMID- 1090752
TI  - Inhibition of group B arbovirus antigen production and replication in cells
      enucleated with cytochalasin B.
AB  - A comparative study of the growth of Sindbis (SIN) virus, a group A arbovirus
      (togavirus), and Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus, a representative group B
      arbovirus (togavirus), was conducted in enucleate and nucleate cells.
      Immunofluorescent tests and yield measurements demonstrated that chicken embryo
      cells which had been enucleated and subsequently infected with SIN virus produced
      virus-specific antigens and infectious virus. By contrast, JE failed to replicate
      or produce virus-specific antigen in cells which had been enucleated before or
      even 2 h post infection. Studies of the effect of enulceation at various times
      after infection demonstrated that a nucleus must be present at least 2 and
      possibly as long as 4 h after infection to produce either JE-specific antigen or
      infectious JE virus. These studies demonstrate that the replication of SIN, a
      group A arbovirus (togavirus), which has no nuclear requirement, contrasts
      sharply with that of a group B arbovirus (togavirus), JE, which may have an
      initial dependence on a nucleus-associated process.

PMID- 1090753
TI  - Characterization of new regulatory mutants of bacteriophage T4. II. New class of
      mutants.
AB  - New mutants of bacteriophage T4 that overproduce the enzyme dihydrofolate
      reductase were investigated. Unlike previously described overproducers of this
      enzyme (Johnson and Hall, 1974), these mutants did not overproduce
      deoxycytidylate deaminase. Overproduction of dihydrofolate reductase by the new
      mutants occurred because enzymatic activity continued to increase for a longer
      period of time in cells infected by the mutants than in cells infected by wild
      type phage. This continued increase occurred even in the presence of rifampin,
      indicating that the overproduction is probably due to a post-transcriptional
      event. Both these new overproducers and the previously  described overproducers
      were studied by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The two types of
      overproducers appeared to be very different. The previously described
      overproducers showed a delay and/or reduction in the synthesis of several
      proteins that normally started to be made 4 to 6 min after infection. Several
      proteins could be seen to be overproduced on the gels. The new overproducers did
      not show the delay in the synthesis of some proteins and only overproduced a few
      proteins. The new gene defined by the new overproducers is between the gene
      coding for thymidine kinase and the gene coding for lysozyme.

PMID- 1090754
TI  - Escherichia coli capsule bacteriophages. III. Fragments of bacteriophage 29.
AB  - A glycanase activity, catalyzing the depolymerization of host capsular
      polysaccharide, is associated with Escherichia coli capsule bacteriophage no. 29,
      a small virus with an isometric head, carrying a base plate with a set of spikes.
      The bacteriophage particles were disrupted by mild acid treatment (5 to 8 min at
      pH 3.5 and 37 C), and the enzymatically active fragments were isolated and
      subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis as well as to electron
      microscopy. Of the at least nine different polypeptide chains found in the
      complete virion, three (of 57,000 plus or minus 3,000, 29,500 plus or minus 2,000
      and 13,500 plus or minus 1,000 daltons) were detected in detached base plates.
      They had the appearance of six-pointed stars of about 14 nm in outer diameter,
      with a central hole or prop, carrying six (or, possibly, a multiple thereof)
      spikes. Two sizes of polypeptide chains (57,000 and 29,500) were found in pure
      spikes, cylindrical particles of about 14.5 to 15 nm in length and 5 nm in
      diameter, and one (57,000) in -- still capsule depolymerizing -- spike subunits
      of roughly 5 nm in diameter. Phage 29 spike preparations, homogeneous in
      analytical ultracentrifugation and immunoelectrophoresis, were found to have a
      molecular weight of 245,000, as determined from the sedimentation equilibrium,
      and to contain equimolar amounts of the two polypeptides, probably three copies
      of each per organelle. The amino acid analysis of the isolated spikes revealed
      that aspartic acid, alanine, serine, and glycine are their dominant constituents;
      no amino sugars or other carbohydrates were detected in the preparations.

PMID- 1090755
TI  - Escherichia coli capsule bacteriophages. IV. Free capsule depolymerase 29.
AB  - The free host capsule depolymerase, induced by Escherichia coli capsule
      bacteriophage no. 29, and causing the formation of haloes around its plaques, has
      been purified to homogeneity. As judged from the following facts, this "enzyme"
      consists of free phage 29 spikes. (i) Detached phage organelles and depolymerase
      29 particles exhibit the same molecular weight (about 245,000, as determined from
      the sedimentation equilibrium), contain polypeptide chains of the same two sizes
      (57,000 plus or minus 3,000 and 29,500 plus or minus 2,000, as determined by SDS
      PAA gel electrophoresis), and have (within experimental error) the same
      sedimentation coefficient, isoelectric point, and amino acid composition. (ii)
      Isolated depolymerase and phage spikes in situ both catalyze the hydrolysis of
      glucosidic bonds in host capsular polysaccharide, leading ultimately to the
      formation of oligosaccharide fragments of one, two, and three hexasaccharide
      repeating units. (iii) Depolymerase 29 and phage 29 spikes have roughly the same
      electron optical dimensions. As tentatively estimated from the total and the
      virus-associated capsule depolymerase activity in the lysates, phage 29 infection
      seems to produce eight to seventeen times more free than incorporated spikes.

PMID- 1090757
TI  - Extravesical ureteroneocystostomy in 170 renal transplant patients.
AB  - Urinary tract reconstitution was done in 170 consecutive renal transplant
      patients, using an extravesical ureteronecystostomy. The urologic complication
      rate was 8.5 per cent but complications associated directly with the anastomosis
      occurred in only 5 per cent of the cases. There have been no anastomotic
      complications in the last 104 transplants. Vesicoureteral reflux occurred in 20
      per cent of 50 patients surveyed. Death in 2 cases and loss of the kidney in 1
      were associated with urologic complications.

PMID- 1090756
TI  - Escherichia coli capsule bacteriophages. V. Lysozyme 29.
AB  - In addition to the spike-associated host capsule depolymerase, infection by
      Escherichia coli capsule bacteriophage no. 29 also induces the synthesis of a
      large bacteriolytic enzyme which has been purified to homogeneity. On incubation
      of isolated host murein sacculi with this enzyme, no amino groups but reducing
      sugar groups were liberated, and muraminitol, but no glucosaminitol, was found in
      the degraded sacculi after subsequent reduction with NaBH4. The bacteriolytic
      enzyme is thus another lysozyme (mucopeptide N-acetylmuramylhydrolase; EC
      3.2.1.17). Electron optical visualization of negatively stained lysozyme
      specimens showed oblong particles of roughly 4.5 to 5.5 nm in diameter and 15 to
      19 nm in length. Although the material tended to dissociate, a crude estimate of
      its molecular weight (270,000 plus or minus 30,000) could be obtained from these
      dimensions, from its sedimentation equilibrium, and from its behavior in gel
      chromatography. After disintegration of homogeneous lysozyme 29 by heating in
      solution with sodium dodecyl sulfate and dithiothreitol, polypeptides of one size
      only (about 46,000 dalton, probably six copies per molecule) were found in sodium
      dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis. The amino acid analysis of the
      enzyme accounted for more than 90% of its dry weight. One percent or less of the
      bacteriolytic activity in phage 29 lysates was found to be associated with the
      intact or disrupted virus particles, and a polypeptide of 46,000 daltons was not
      detected in the virions. These results strongly suggest that, in contrast to the
      host capsule depolymerase also induced by the same phage, and in spite of its
      comparatively large size, "lysozyme 29" does not constitute an integral part also
      of the homologous bacteriophage particles.

PMID- 1090758
TI  - Transverse colon conduit: a preferred method of urinary diversion for radiation
      treated pelvic malignancies.
AB  - In the management of pelvic malignancies treated by radiation the standard ileal
      conduit is subject to many hazards related to the use of damaged tissues. The
      transverse colon affords the use of a short isolated segment of non-irradiated
      bowel as a urinary conduit. The ureters can be dissected well above the field of
      pelvic irradiation. Eight patients with bladder or cervical carcinoma treated
      with high doses of external radiotherapy are presented to demonstrate the
      usefulness of the transverse colon in supravesical urinary diversions.

PMID- 1090759
TI  - The ileocecal bladder: a new method for urinary diversion after radical
      cystectomy (a preliminary report).
AB  - Ten patients underwent radical cystectomy and ileocecal bladder reconstruction
      for carcinoma of the bladder. The ileocecal region was used as an artificial
      bladder, its valve protecting the kidneys from back pressure exerted by the
      external urethral sphincter. The ureters were anastomosed to the ileal part and
      the cecum was anastomosed to the prostatic urethra in 7 men and to the bladder
      neck in 2 women and 1 man. Two patients died postoperatively. All patients had
      perfect control of micturition during the day. Those in whom the bladder neck was
      preserved were also fully continent at night. The remaining patients had a minor
      degree of nocturnal enuresis with only a few drops of urine voided involuntarily
      during sleep. All patients feel the desire to void when the bladder is full.
      Voiding cystograms in all patients did not reveal reflux in the ureters. IVP's
      done up to 11 months postoperatively showed preservation and improvement of
      kidney function and configuration. Followup cystometric studies and serum
      electrolyte determinations are under investigation.

PMID- 1090760
TI  - Ileocecal conduit for temporary and permanent urinary diversion.
AB  - The ileocecal intestinal segment has been used as a diverting conduit with a
      satisfactory colonic stoma in 6 patients with potentially reversible bladder
      disorders. Followup has been from 1 to 5 years. The ileocecal valve has been
      modified successfully by a fundoplication procedure similar to the Nissen
      esophagogastric junction operation to prevent ileocecal and ureteral reflux. IVP
      and renal function studies revealed resolution of pre-existing hydronephrosis and
      preservation of previously normal upper urinary tracts. One patient has undergone
      reversal of the diversion by cecocystoplasty and simultaneous bladder
      augmentation, and has been followed for 5 years with sterile urine and normal
      IVPs. The anatomic and functional advantages of a conduit with an antireflux
      mechanism that is applicable to the hydronephrotic collecting system are
      discussed.

PMID- 1090761
TI  - Scrotal gangrene treated with oxygen under high pressure.

PMID- 1090762
TI  - Intermittent catheterization rather than urinary diversion in children with
      meningomyelocele.
AB  - Fifteen girls more than 4 years old and with neuromuscular defects of
      meningomyelocele are maintaining adequate urinary continence through the use of
      intraurethral catheterization done by themselves or their parents. Urinary
      diversion has been necessary in only 1 child. The indwelling catheter has allowed
      heavily trabeculated bladders to become smooth enough for an antirflux operation
      to be successful, although the period of followup is only 2 years. Upper tract
      deterioration has not been observed and urine has been maintained sterile without
      the help of medication 50 per cent of the time when catheterizations have been
      done on a routine 3-hour schedule. For this method to be sucessful and replace
      conduit deversion, parents, child, nurse and physician must be a well-knit team.
      With the hope that a reliable artificial urinary sphincter will eventually
      provide contience for some children, one is further justified in pursuing urinary
      continence by use of the catheter, instead of resorting early to permanent
      conduit conversion.

PMID- 1090763
TI  - Renal transplantation in cystinosis.
AB  - Three children from 6 1/2 to 10 years old received kidney allografts from their
      parents 2 1/2 to 4 1/2 years ago. Renal function has been stable and the patients
      have been doing well. Studies of renal tubular function as well as morphologic
      studies by light and electron microscopy, and microdissection of renal tubules
      fail to reveal evidence of recurrent disease in the allografted kidneys.

PMID- 1090764
TI  - Hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome and steroid diabetes. Occurrence after renal
      transplantation.
AB  - So-called steroid (glucocorticoids) diabetes developed in 11 (5.5%) of 202
      patients receiving 216 renal allografts between December 1963 and June 1974. In
      three of the 11 patients, hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome was present at
      diagnosis; all of the three recovered. Eight of the 11 patients survived with
      functioning allografts, and only one of the eight requires insulin. Hyperglycemia
      has been detected in most transplant patients tested in the immediate
      postoperative period. Factors (including stress from surgery and treatment with
      drugs such as furosemide) predispose to this condition.

PMID- 1090765
TI  - Editorial: A cumulated index to The Journal.

PMID- 1090766
TI  - T rosettes in alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver.
AB  - Thirty patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver were studied for in vivo
      and in vitro correlates of cellular immunity. Seventy-seven percent failed to be
      sensitized to dinitrochlorobenzene, indicating impairment of the in vivo cellular
      immune response. A significant decrease in the number of T-rosette-forming cells
      was observed in this group of patients (.01 smaller than P smaller than .025).
      This finding suggests that the active T-rosette test is a valuable tool in
      detecting partial alterations in cell-mediated immunity in alcoholic cirrhosis of
      the liver. Our results also suggest that rosette formation is a more sensitive
      indicator of cell-mediated immunity than phytohemagglutinin-stimulated
      blastogenesis in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver.

PMID- 1090767
TI  - Conventional coronary care unit monitoring. Nondetection of transient rhythm
      disturbances.
AB  - Conventional electrocardiographic monitoring techniques depend on human
      observation of an oscilloscopic display for detection of transient rhythm
      disturbances such as premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). It is not
      surprising that such events are often missed. We have found that transient events
      are regularly identified only when they occur with a frequency exceeding one per
      minute. Rhythm disturbances such as coupled PVCs or PVCs in which R waves
      interrupt the preceding T wave ("R on T"), which constitute indications for
      antiarrhythmic therapy, may go undetected if they occur less frequently than
      this.

PMID- 1090768
TI  - Editorial: Electrocardiographic monitoring--bad news and good news.

PMID- 1090769
TI  - Primary prevention of atherosclerotic vascular disease with ethylnandrol. An
      interim report of four-year observations.

PMID- 1090770
TI  - Shiga bacillus dysentery associated with marked leukocytosis and erythrocyte
      fragmentation.
AB  - Granulocytic leukemoid reactions (white blood cell counts greater than 50,000
      with myelocytes and promyelocytes in the peripheral blood) were documented in 15
      per cent of 273 patients with dysentery due to Shigella dysenteriae, type 1
      (Shiga bacillus) in Bangladesh. Peak granulocytosis occurred during the second
      week of illness, when the children were commonly afebrile and diarrhea had ceased
      or was subsiding. More than half of the patients with leukemoid reactions
      subsequently developed a fall in hematocrit associated with striking erythrocyte
      fragmentation on blood smears. Thrombocytopenia occurred during the period of
      hemolysis in most. Transient oliguric renal failure developed in several
      patients. Most made a complete recovery. The pathogenesis of the syndrome and the
      reason for its high incidence were not determined.

PMID- 1090771
TI  - A new school of anatomy: the story of Franklin P. Mall, Florence R. Sabin and
      John B. MacCallum.

PMID- 1090772
TI  - [Hemoglobin--a colorful 100-year-old].

PMID- 1090773
TI  - [List of nursing journals and literature].

PMID- 1090774
TI  - [Profile: Ms. Hide Saito - changing from a nurse supervisor. 10 years have passed
      since she became head of a kindergarten].

PMID- 1090775
TI  - [Topographic classification of atrio-ventricular blocks and its clinical
      importance].

PMID- 1090776
TI  - [Analysis of the structure of cardiac rhythm in auricular fibrillation with the
      aid of a specialized computer].
AB  - In 37 patients with atrial fibrillation of varying etiology the electron-computer
      technique was used in recording the cardiointervalogram and interval histogram
      and also in determining a number of indices characterizing distinctive features
      of the R-R intervals distribution. When analyzing the available data not was
      taken of a tendency towards appearance of definite types of the interval
      histograms, variations in the mean level of the cardiointervalogram, resembling
      the so-called slow waves observable in the sinus rhythm. During repeated
      investigations made in the same patients features of a single type in the
      distribution of the R-R intervals were apparent. In the course of conservative
      therapy of atrial fibrillation a certain stereotypy in the R-R intervals
      distribution was noted, it being indicative of an increased arrhythmicity in the
      work of the heart occurring simultaneously with the slowing down of the cardiac
      contractions.

PMID- 1090777
TI  - [Results of perforating keratoplasty in hereditary corneal diseases (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Operation results of keratoplasty in 50 eyes having keratoconus are presented and
      discusses. Furthermore a report is made on keratoplasty in cases of keratotorus
      in reticulate, maculate, and granulate dystrophies as well as in congenital
      ichthyosis with corneal involvement. The prognosis and complications of this
      intervention are presented.

PMID- 1090778
TI  - [Pathogenesis, clinical course and diagnosis of primary varicosis of superficial
      veins of the lower limbs].

PMID- 1090779
TI  - [Use of antilymphocyte globulin in kidney transplantation in the early
      postoperative period].

PMID- 1090780
TI  - [Common principles of intensive therapy of cholera and cholera-like forms of
      acute intestinal infections].

PMID- 1090781
TI  - [Use of milurit in hyperuricemia in patients with malignant hemopathies].

PMID- 1090782
TI  - Management of leg ulcers.

PMID- 1090783
TI  - J. Kelley Avery, M.D., 87th president--Tennessee Medical Association.

PMID- 1090784
TI  - Saccular aneurysm of ascending aorta caused by granulomatous aortitis in a child.
AB  - This report describes a 7-year-old boy who underwent successful surgical excision
      of a saccular aneurysm of the ascending aorta caused by giant cell aortitis. The
      aneurysm was removed by lateral aortorrhaphy without cardiopulmonary bypass. The
      clinical manifestations and appropriate surgical therapy of granulomatous
      aortitis in childhood are discussed.

PMID- 1090785
TI  - Accumulation of 131I hippurate in rat heart allografts during rejection.
AB  - The accumulation of 131I hippurate in heterotopic (abdominal) rat heart
      allografts (Brown-Norway to Lewis) in comparison with native (autologous) hearts
      6 and 7 days after transplantation was studied by noninvasive scintigraphic
      imaging and by direct isotope counting of excised hearts. Six hours after
      intravenous isotope injection, isotope accumulation in the allografted heart was
      clearly identified by scintigraphic study in comparison with the background,
      kidneys, urinary bladder, and native heart. Six and 7 days after transplantation,
      excised allografted hearts were significantly increased in weight in comparison
      with native hearts. A significant increase in isotope accumulation in allografted
      hearts in comparison with native hearts was found both per heart and per gram of
      heart. The findings of this study suggests the potential usefulness of 131I
      hippurate in the immunoinflammatory monitoring of organ allograft rejection by
      direct counting as well as by noninvasive scintigraphic study if sufficient time
      is allowed to permit clearance of high concentrations of isotope from the
      background areas, kidneys, and urinary bladder.

PMID- 1090786
TI  - Tracheal reconstruction with a prosthesis of marlex mesh and pericardium.
AB  - Tracheal reconstruction with a new type of prosthesis made of heavy Marlex mesh
      and pericardium is described in 13 patients suffering from malignancy. Two
      patients had circumferential excision of the trachea, and the remaining 11 had
      partial circumferential excision and a patch graft. In 10 of them, tracheal
      excision was a part of block pulmonary resection. The early results are good
      enough to allow us to continue using the prosthesis in suitable cases.

PMID- 1090787
TI  - Blunt injuries to branches of the aortic arch.
AB  - Blunt injuries to branches of the aortic arch are not unusual and must be
      considered in any patient surviving deceleration or crush injury. Review of 36
      case reports, including own own case, revealed 22 injuries to the innominate
      artery (4 with injuries to other arch branches), seven to the right subclavian,
      seven to the left subclavian, and eleven associated injuries to the thoracic
      aorta. Thirty patients (83 per cent) survived. Mediastinal widening (92 per cent)
      was the most frequent manifestation of vascular injury and is an indication for
      immediate aortography to delineate the entire thoracic aorta. Distal circulation
      was clinically decreased in less than 50 per cent, with symptomatic ischemia in
      only a few instances. Death was due to associated head injury in 3 of 6 cases.
      Earlier operation would have avoided exsanguination (one death) and late
      complications of false aneurysm or vascular insufficiency (10 patients).

PMID- 1090788
TI  - Congenital aneurysm of the left atrium with associated defects in the fibrous
      skeleton of the heart.

PMID- 1090789
TI  - Blood cultures: principles and techniques.
AB  - Detecting the presence of microorganisms in blood is an important function of the
      clinical microbiology laboratory. With prompt isolation, identification, and
      antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates, the clinician can
      modify the selection and dosage of the antimicrobics used initially to treat a
      suspected septicemia. Principles and techniques for blood collection, culture,
      examination, and reporting are reviewed.

PMID- 1090790
TI  - Focal sclerosing glomerulonephropathy: a clinicopathologic study.
AB  - Forty cases of focal sclerosing glomerulonephropathy with nephrotic syndrome or
      proteinuria were studied retrospectively in regard to clinical presentation,
      response to steroid therapy and clinical course, and histopathology of the
      lesion.  Morphologically there was a focal segmental and global sclerosis with
      subendothelial hyaline deposits, collapse of the capillary loops, intracapillary
      hyaline material or foam cells, filling and widening of the mesangium with
      mesangial matrix, focal tubular atrophy, and focal interstitial fibrosis.  Thirty
      four patients had been treated with prednisone; initial complete remission of the
      nephrotic syndrome occurred in only 4 patients and partial remission in 10.  Nine
      of these 14 patients had nephrotic relapse or became resistant to steroids. 
      Thirty-three percent of the patients progressed to end-stage renal failure and an
      additional 25 percent had impairment of renal function after a mean of 8 years
      from onset.  Three patients received kidney allografts, and in two the disease
      recurred in the transplanted kidney.  Focal sclerosing glomerulonephropathy
      associated with nephrotic syndrome or proteinuria appears to be a
      clinicopathologic entity characterized by resistance to steroid treatment,
      frequent progression to end-stage renal disease, and recurrence in the
      transplanted kidney.

PMID- 1090791
TI  - Left ventricular function and myocardial contractility: analysis by roentgen
      videoangiographic techniques.
AB  - Conventional attempts to derive indices of myocardial contractility from left
      ventricular pump function appear to be unsound in practice and theory, and the
      small number of dimensional measuremets on which these computations are based
      obscure the regional differences in ventricular myocardial function.  It is not
      surprising that these indices have not proved to be fully satisfactory, either in
      research or in clinical laboratory settings.  Both theoretical considerations and
      laboratory results support the need for more detailed measurements of regional
      myocardial function.  These can be obtained by use of multiplanar
      videoroentgenographic techniques for cross-sectional reconstructions of the
      epicardial and endocardial surfaces of the heart throughout the cardiac cycle and
      the application of computer-based sophisticated methods of analysis, such as the
      finiteelement technique, as a basis for more accurate assessment of myocardial
      function.

PMID- 1090792
TI  - [Specificity of passive hemagglutination test in the serological diagnosis of
      urinary tract infections. I. Antibodies for homologous crude antigens in sera of
      children with pyelonephritis prior to and following absorption with E. coli 014
      antigen].

PMID- 1090793
TI  - [In memoriam: Tadeusz Sprozynski (1903-1974)].

PMID- 1090794
TI  - [40 years of parathyreoid surgery].

PMID- 1090795
TI  - The hypereosinophilic syndrome: analysis of fourteen cases with review of the
      literature.
AB  - Several closely related disease entities make up the idiopathic hypereosinophilic
      syndrome (HES). The syndrome is manifest by persistent and prolonged eosinophilia
      with organ damage. A group of 14 patients had hematologic, cardiac, and
      neurologic abnormalities attributable to this disease. Patient survival and
      response to chemotherapy was significantly better in this group than in
      previously reported patients. The etiology of HES remains unknown, as does the
      mechanism of tissue damage.

PMID- 1090797
TI  - [CEDI--a computer programme for differential diagnostics of organic brain lesions
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1090796
TI  - Management of mycosis fungoides--current status and future prospects.
AB  - Current knowledge concerning the course of mycosis fungoides and recognized
      prognostic factors have been reviewed. Those factors with prognostic significance
      at the time of biopsy diagnosis include age and the clinical findings of skin
      tumors, ulceration or palpable lymphadenopathy. During the course of disease, the
      development of skin tumors, ulceration or palpable lymphadenopathy were each
      associated with a poor prognosis and median survival was only 12 months if all
      those clinical parameters were present. Patients who developed overt visceral
      mycosis fungoides rarely survived more than a few months. Lymphocytopenia and the
      presence of malignant lymphoma in biopsied lymph nodes were also poor prognostic
      findings. The various modalities of therapy for proven mycosis fungoides were
      reviewed. Topical therapy and external irradiation were generally of symptomatic
      benefit only, but two recent studies have shown that aggressive use of topical
      nitrogen mustard and electron beam therapy are associated with long-term
      responses in patients with disease confined to the skin. Single agent
      chemotherapy often resulted in transient responses in advanced and refractory
      mycosis fungoides. Future approaches to the management of mycosis fungoides have
      been suggested. These include a thorough review of the histological features, a
      thorough and systematic pretreatment evaluation and randomized studies of the
      various treatment modalities including combination therapy in appropriately
      staged patients.

PMID- 1090798
TI  - Summer Wood, Jr. July 23, 1929--February 14, 1974.

PMID- 1090799
TI  - Spina bifida cystica. Part 2: policy of management of the newborn with myelocele
      related to ultimate prognosis.

PMID- 1090800
TI  - Charles Kingsley--public health reformer.

PMID- 1090801
TI  - Mary Seacole--a forgotten nurse heroine of the Crimea.

PMID- 1090802
TI  - Distinguished British nurses of the past. 2. Lady Anne Halkett 1622-1699.

PMID- 1090803
TI  - Modification of hepatic ribonucleic acid polymerase activities by N-hydroxy-2
      acetlaminofluorene and N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene.

PMID- 1090804
TI  - Prophylaxis of infectious diseases by means of vaccination.

PMID- 1090805
TI  - Live attenuated versus killed virus vaccines.
AB  - The discussion of the problems of production and use of killed and live virus
      vaccines shows that the theoretical, basic concepts of the alternative
      vaccination procedures are equivalent in regard to the ideals of calculable
      potency and safety. If one compares the present stages of development, then it
      becomes evident that the advantages of live viral vaccination are due to greater
      potency. However, killed virus vaccines are safer. Nevertheless, these
      differences are not without limits. In some vaccinating procedures, the live
      virus vaccine is the safer of the two.

PMID- 1090806
TI  - The future of vaccinia.

PMID- 1090807
TI  - Effectiveness of vaccination against cholera and typhoid fever.

PMID- 1090808
TI  - Live versus killed bacterial vaccines.

PMID- 1090809
TI  - [The influence of cardiogreen on the albumin binding of bilirubin in the neonatal
      period].
AB  - The albumin-binding of bilirubin may be disturbed by pharmacologically inert
      substances. This is true for Cardiogreen as used for dye dilution curves. The
      displacement of bilirubin from its albumin-bindung, examined in vitro by Sephadex
      filtration, is stronger for Cardiogreen than for Gantrisin known to cause
      kernicterus even in mild hyperbilirubinemia. However, from differences in dosage
      and the pharmacokinetics of the two substances it may be concluded, that the risk
      of possibly causing a kernicterus by Cardiogreen is limited to only extrem cases.

PMID- 1090810
TI  - [Antibiotics in newborns and young infants].
AB  - Localized and generalized infections in newborns nowadays are mostly due to gram
      negative bacteria (E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas pyocyanea,
      Serratia marcescens et al.). Unspecific treatment causes an increasing rate of
      resistance, as shown by an account of our own experiences. Tobramycin,
      Gentamycin, and Cefazolin appear to be particularly promising antibiotics to
      avoid the development of resistance though their pharmacokinetics in the newborn
      have to be considered carefully. Based on the determination of serum levels of
      Tobramycin and Amoxycillin in newborns general recommendations for the dosage of
      these new antibiotics are given.

PMID- 1090811
TI  - Induction of base-pair substitution and frameshift mutations in wild-type and
      repair-deficient strains of Salmonella typhimurium by the photodynamic action of
      methylene blue.
AB  - Induction of back mutations to prototrophy by methylene blue (MB)-sensitized
      photodynamic (PD) treatment has been studied in wild-type and repair-deficient
      strains of Salmonella typhimurium carrying either the base-pair substitution
      mutation hisG46 or the frameshift mutation hisD30529 We found that reversion of
      the hisG46 mutation was increased in a strain carrying a uvrB deletion and
      decreased in a strain carrying a recA-type mutation. Reversion of the hisD3052
      (frameshift) mutation, on the other hand, was decreased in both uvrB deletion and
      recA-type strains. The former results are consistent with the hypothesis that the
      majority of MB-sensitized PD-INDUCED BASE-PAIR SUBSTITUTION MUTATIONS ARIse by a
      mechanism similar to that currently believed to be involved in UV mutagenesis.
      The latter results suggest that PD-induced frameshift mutations may arise in some
      other way, and two possible mechanisms involving sequential action of the
      excision repair and recombinational repair pathways are considered.

PMID- 1090812
TI  - Test of recessive lethals in the mouse.
AB  - The presence of spontaneous lethal mutations in inbred strains is discussed with
      special reference to their variation and influence on estimates of induced
      mutations. A model is presented that will facilitate classification of lethal
      free and lethal heterozygotes. The model is used in classification of sons to
      lethal heterozygous males carrying a spontaneous mutation. The observed results
      are in good agreement with the model. From experience it is concluded that the
      most efficient way to use the facilities in lethal tests it to examine 10 or more
      full brothers to the P parents. By doing so pre-existing spontaneous lethals can
      be excluded by eliminating families in which any of the P parents were lethal
      heterozygous.  The observed total rate of recessive lethals gives slight over
      estimation of the induced rate of mutations, as spontaneous mutations in the
      gametes forming the F1 cannot be excluded.

PMID- 1090813
TI  - Spontaneous recessive lethal mutations in the mouse.
AB  - The estimation of the load of recessive lethals in our inbred CBA strain is based
      on samples drawn from 1964 to 1971. 407 control F1 males were back-crossed to
      their daughters. The first examined females which for each F1  male gave 50
      implants were included in the test. their rate of intra-uterine death was
      compared to that from lethal-free males. The distribution of the number of F1
      males according to the number of dead in the first 50 implants were compared to a
      model of luning. Three estimates of the proportion of lethal heterozygotes gave
      4.2, 5.35 and 6.2% respectively. From the way the inbred strain was kept it was
      estimated that the mean load among F1 males was 11.5mu (mu equal to mutation rate
      per gamete). These data indicate that about 0.5% lethals occur per gamete with an
      upper limit of 1%. Comparisons are made with previous estimates of the
      spontaneous rate of lethal mutations per gamete. The low proportion of lethal
      mutations indicate that the number of loci giving lethal mutations is low. Both
      spontaneous and induced mutations give similar low numbers, more than one order
      of magnitude below the number commonly assumed. The uncertainties are stressed of
      estimating risk by multiplying mutation rate per locus and assumed number of
      loci.

PMID- 1090814
TI  - Histocompatibility gene mutation rates: H-2 and non-H-2.

PMID- 1090815
TI  - Interactive mutagenicity of sodium nitrite, dimethylamine, methylurea and
      ethylurea.
AB  - Groups of mice were treated per os with sodium nitrite either alone or in
      combination with nitrosatable amino compounds and tested in the host mediated
      assay. When mice were treated with sodium nitrite in combination with
      dimethylamine a small(4-fold) but significant increase in mutant frequency (MF)
      was observed. Ethylurea or methylurea in combination with sodium nitrite induced
      10- or 850-fold increases in MF, respectively. The response to methylurea was
      dose-dependent with a 6- and 30-fold increase in MF at 5.4 and 11.5 mg/kg NaNO2
      and a 6-fold increase at 108 mg/kg methylurea. That this response reflected
      gastric nitrosation was shown by the disappearance of the response if NaNO2
      administration preceded methylurea treatment by 10 min. High MF's were observed
      if NaNO2 was administered 10 or 20 min after methylurea.

PMID- 1090816
TI  - Further comments on the assessment of the mutagenic properties of diquat and
      paraquat in the murine dominant lethal test.

PMID- 1090817
TI  - Comments on tests of dominant lethals in mice.

PMID- 1090818
TI  - Quantitative relationship between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of
      polyaromatic hydrocarbons in Salmonella typhimurium mutants.
AB  - Mutagenic activities of various polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air
      pollutants, which are different in carcinogenic activities from each other, were
      examined with a set of four strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TAI535 series;
      deep rough strains without excision repair). All the compounds tested were
      converted to frameshift mutagens when they were metabolized by rat liver
      homogenate. There was a clear quantitative correlation between carcinogenicity
      and mutagenicity of PAHs tested in strain TAI538 using the rat liver enzyme
      induced with both dibenz(a,h)-anthracene and phenobarbital. On the other hand,
      such a correlation was not obvious in strain TAI537.

PMID- 1090819
TI  - Helen Margaret Gilkey. 1886-1972.

PMID- 1090820
TI  - A new species of Catenaria parasitic in midge eggs.

PMID- 1090821
TI  - [Results of mycological examinations in a suburbian practice, from 1968 to 1974].

PMID- 1090822
TI  - Drug allergy (first of three parts).

PMID- 1090823
TI  - The cell surface.

PMID- 1090824
TI  - Letter: Cadaver-kidney transplant failures at one month.

PMID- 1090825
TI  - Letter: Will controls in trials of aspirin really avoid aspirin?

PMID- 1090826
TI  - Zinc therapy of acrodermatitis enteropathica.
AB  - The therapeutic effect of orally administered zinc was evaluated in an adult
      woman with acrodermatitis enteropathica. When she was off therapy and in clinical
      relapse the plasma zinc concentration (10 mug per 100 ml), serum alkaline
      phosphatase (3 1U per liter) and urine zinc excretion rate (39 mug per 24 hours)
      were extremely low. Di-iodohydroxyquin therapy was accompanied by a modest
      increase in plasma zinc concentrations. Oral zinc sulfate (220 mg three times a
      day or 50 mg twice a day) resulted in rapid and complete clinical remission, and
      in a return of plasma zinc, serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary zinc excretion
      to normal. These data are compatible with a severe zinc deficiency state and
      indicate that the inherited defect in this disease is either in or closely
      related to zinc metabolism. The beneficial effects of zinc therapy in this
      patient provide further confirmation of the efficacy of oral zinc in the
      treatment of acrodermatitis enteropathica.

PMID- 1090827
TI  - Weaning from controlled ventilation and supplemental oxygen.

PMID- 1090828
TI  - By the London post. The end of medical dominance? -- Great characters -- A blow
      to golf.

PMID- 1090829
TI  - Editorial: Anti-tubular basement membrane (TBM) nephritis.

PMID- 1090830
TI  - Letter: Creutzfeldt--Jakob disease after eating ovine brains?

PMID- 1090831
TI  - Ferritin in serum. Clinical and biochemical implications.

PMID- 1090832
TI  - Drug therapy. During allergy (third of three parts).

PMID- 1090833
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercise. Case 17-1975.

PMID- 1090834
TI  - Editorial: Toxigenic turista.

PMID- 1090835
TI  - Letter: Loyalty oaths and V.A. house staffs.

PMID- 1090837
TI  - Letter: Electron microscopy of muscle biopsies.

PMID- 1090836
TI  - Evaluation of exophthalmos.

PMID- 1090838
TI  - Letter: Randomization: perils and problems.

PMID- 1090839
TI  - Polymyositis and dermatomyositis (first of two parts).

PMID- 1090840
TI  - Treatment of thrombosis of veins of the lower extremities.

PMID- 1090841
TI  - Daily variations of FSH, LH and testosterone response to intravenous luteinizing
      hormone-releasing factor (LRF) in normal men.
AB  - The responses of FSH, LH and testosterone to acute stimulation with synthetic LRF
      were studied in 6 healthy, fertile men aged 33.4 plus or minus 1.6 yr (X plus or
      minus SE). Fifty mug of LRF were given, iv at 0600 h, 1200 h, 1800 h and 0000 h,
      at 1-week intervals, to all 6 volunteers simultaneously. Blood samples were
      collected by venipuncture before (-5 and 0 min) and 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 min
      after LRF injection. Plasma levels of FSH, LH and testosterone were determined by
      double antibody radioimmunoassay techniques. The responses of FSH and LH to LRF
      injection showed a clear difference at the times studied. Maximal values were
      obtained at 0600 h and 1800 h while the response at noon was not significant for
      LH and absent for FSH. Testosterone secretion showed a clear-cut response to LRF
      in all the subjects. At three of the four studied times (0600 h, 1800 h, 000 h)
      plasma testosterone was already increased at 8 min reaching its maximum at 16 min
      and persisted high until the end of the study. The noon response reached its
      maximum at the end of the test period. The daily variations of FSH and LH
      responses to acute LRF stimulation should be taken into consideration in clinical
      practive and the increment in testosterone secretion makes this test a useful
      indicator for androgenic testicular reserve.

PMID- 1090842
TI  - The response of pituitary gonadotropes to synthetic LRF in children with
      glucocorticoid-treated congenital adrenal hyperplasia: lack of effect of
      intrauterine and neonatal androgen excess.
AB  - Previous studies have demonstrated that the secretory reserve of the pituitary
      gland during childhood and adolescence is characterized by an age-related
      increase in LH secretion and a sex dichotomy of FSH secretion evoked by LRF. To
      determine if prenatal and neonatal androgen excess alters hypothalamic-pituitary
      gonadal function, as in the neonatally androgenized rodent, we assessed pituitary
      sensitivity to 100 mug synthetic LRF in 9 girls and 2 boys with glucorticoid
      treated congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). In the 7 prepubertal
      girls with CAH, plasma LH following LRF rose to 2.0 plus or minus 0.4 (SE) ng/ml
      (LER 960) and did not differ from normal prepubertal children (1.7 plus or minus
      0.1) and was lower (P less than 0.002) than in normal pubertal children (4.9 plus
      or minus 0.3). The 2 pubertal girls had LH rises in the pubertal range. In the 2
      boys with CAH, the one with the more advanced bone age, 11-6/12 yr, developed
      true precocious puberty following initiation of cortisone treatment and had a
      pubertal LRF-evoked LH release on 3 occasions; the more immature boy, bone age
      10, had a prepubertal LH rise. In the 7 prepubertal girls with CAH, plasma FSH
      rose to 8.1 plus or minus 1.6 (SE) ng/ml (LER 869), which did not differ from
      normal prepubertal girls (5.3 plus or minus 1.9), but was significantly (P less
      than 0.001) greater than in normal prepubertal boys (2.9 plus or minus 0.4). In
      these girls with CAH, basal plasma T (27.4 plus or minus 4.0 (SE) ng/dl) and 17
      OHP (2703 plus or minus 1143 (SE) ng/dl) were greater than in prepubertal
      children, but plasma E1 and E2 were in the normal range. The pubertal boy had
      plasma T, E1, and E2 levels appropriate for his degree of sexual maturation. The
      results suggest: (1) age-related LH secretion evoked by LRF in glucocorticoid
      treated CAH is appropriate for skeletal maturation; (2) the sex dichotomy of FSH
      secretion following LRF is preserved in CAH despite intrauterine and variable
      postnatal exposure to excess androgen and continuing slightly elevated plasma T
      during childhood; and (3) precocious puberty may follow initiation of cortisone
      treatment in a child with CAH whose bone age and secretory reserve of pituitary
      gonadotropins are in the pubertal range.

PMID- 1090843
TI  - Role of precursor 16S RNA in assembly of E. coli 30S ribosomes.

PMID- 1090844
TI  - Active suppressor mechanism maintaining tolerance to some self components.

PMID- 1090845
TI  - Evidence for the B12-dependent enzyme ethanolamine deaminase in Salmonella.

PMID- 1090846
TI  - New type of infectious complex of E. coli RNA phage.

PMID- 1090847
TI  - Retention of tumour-inducing capacity by adenovirus DNA after cleavage by
      restriction endonucleases.

PMID- 1090848
TI  - Progressive decrease in protein synthesis accuracy induced by streptomycin in
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1090849
TI  - Iridovirus and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus in the freshwater daphnid
      Simocephalus expinosus.

PMID- 1090850
TI  - Role of macrophages in in vitro induction of T-helper cells.

PMID- 1090851
TI  - Bacterial behaviour.
AB  - Bacteria swim by rotating their flagella. They back up or choose new directions
      at random by changing the direction of the rotation. The probability of such
      changes is biased by sensory reception. The bias depends on the way in which the
      intensity ofthe stimulus changes with time, so that the bacteria tend to swim up
      a gradient of attractant and down a gradient of repellent chemicals.

PMID- 1090852
TI  - Mechanism of an action of an antibacterial murine lymphokine.

PMID- 1090853
TI  - Chemical structure and biological activity of endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides)
      and lipid A.
AB  - Lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) of gram-negative bacteria consist of two
      components with distinct physico-chemical character: a heteropolysaccharide and a
      covalently linked lipid, termed lipid A.  Chemically, lipid A is made up of
      acylated glucosamine disaccharides, which are interlinked by pyrophosphate
      bridges.  Lipid A represents the toxic center of lipopolysaccharides.  In
      rabbits, lipid A also induces pyrogen tolerance as well as pyrogen cross
      tolerance.  Fever tolerance can be passively transferred with serum from rabbits
      immunized with lipid A.  The protective power of lipid A antiserum, however, is
      only expressed in amimals which have been pretreated with lipid A or
      lipopolysaccharide, indicating that other than humoral factors, perhaps cellular,
      also participate in endotoxin tolerance.  Lipid A antiserum also prevents the
      local Shwartzman reaction in rabbits.  The possible potency of lipid A antiserum
      to prevent other endotoxin effects such as lethal shock is presently
      investigated.

PMID- 1090854
TI  - [The first letter by Antoinette Bourignon to Jan Swammerdam].

PMID- 1090855
TI  - [A ships surgeon on chocolate disease].

PMID- 1090856
TI  - [Leeuwenhoek's disease].

PMID- 1090857
TI  - [From the history of orthopedics. I. Ambroise Pare (1510-1590) and orthopedics].

PMID- 1090858
TI  - [Siphra and Pua].

PMID- 1090859
TI  - [A case of intestinal hemorrhage caused by post-appendectomy granuloma of the
      cecum].

PMID- 1090860
TI  - [Prevention and treatment of edema due to arterial revascularization].
AB  - Mean daily doses of 4-800,000 units iant. Cal. Trasylol administered i.v. for
      about 7 days prevented oedema and improved circulation after revascularisation
      surgery of the lower extremities involving the femoropopliteal axis in a large
      number of clinical cases.

PMID- 1090861
TI  - Nursing education in New Zealand.

PMID- 1090862
TI  - Professor of Nursing (Miss Jean McFarlane).

PMID- 1090863
TI  - Pelvic exenteration for vaginal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: a review.
AB  - The English language literature for the years 1935-1972 was reviewed to assess
      the effect of pelvic exenteration on vaginal embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Twenty
      one cases were determined eligible for review. Tumor was confined to the vagina
      in 8 cases and extended beyond the vagina in 13 cases. Treatment by pelvic
      exenteration was found to be relatively ineffective means of curing patients with
      tumor extending beyond the limits of the vagina. Recent evidence from the
      literature indicates that better results can be obtained by coordinated
      treatment, ie, surgery, radiation therapy, and/or chemotherapy, than by surgery
      alone.

PMID- 1090864
TI  - Letter: Myotonic dystrophy.

PMID- 1090865
TI  - [Echographic criteria in the clinical aspects of keratoplasty and
      keratoprostheis].

PMID- 1090866
TI  - [A distinguished scientist-ophthalmologist (Vladimir Petrovich Filatov)].

PMID- 1090867
TI  - [Recollections of V. P. Filatov].

PMID- 1090868
TI  - [The 1st book on ophthalmology in Galicia].

PMID- 1090869
TI  - Long-range effects of Ivalon sponge containing isobutyl cyanoacrylates on rat
      tissue. A quantitative planimetric study.
AB  - This study on seventy rats was undertaken to determine the long-range effects of
      Ivalon sponge containing isobutyl cyanoacrylates (IBC). Histologic examination
      revealed that IBC sponge was well tolerated by the connective tissue. IBC sponge
      was most effective during the first 2 weeks of healing. At observation periods of
      1 and 2 weeks, the percentage values for connective tissue formed in IBC-treated
      animals were 2.02 and 1.58 times higher than those in the untreated animals.

PMID- 1090870
TI  - A rare and complex case of multifocal mucocutaneous lupus tuberculosis with
      isolated lesion of the tongue.
AB  - We have described a case of plurifocal tuberculous lupus with a localization
      limited to the tongue. This finding is remarkable because of its rarity. The
      weakly positive tuberculin reaction and the discovery of a concomitant
      myeloproliferative syndrome add interest and complexity to the case.

PMID- 1090871
TI  - Evaluation of root canal preparation with two automated endodontic handpieces.
AB  - An evaluation of automated low-speed handpiece preparation of canals was made by
      a silicone injection technique. These preparations were compared and rated with
      canals prepared by conventional hand instrumentation. Canals were graded on the
      criteria of shape, smoothness, elimation of morphologic aberrations, and apical
      preparations. Conventional hand istrumentation proved to be superior and required
      approximately the same amount of time as automated ins-rumentation in this vitro
      study.

PMID- 1090872
TI  - Nonspecific stomatitis-a presenting sign in pernicious anemia.
AB  - Recurrent nonspecific stomatitis may be an oral sign of pernicious anemia.
      Repeated examinations and blood studies are important when the cause of
      stomatitis is not clear on initial evaluation of a complaint of sore mouth. Three
      cases of pernicious anemia are presented to illustrate the similarities and
      differences in oral signs of pernicious anemia.

PMID- 1090873
TI  - [Bela Tanko (1905-1974)].

PMID- 1090874
TI  - [Oxygenation system in the treatment of respiratory disorders in newborn
      infants].

PMID- 1090875
TI  - [Development of the kidney transplantation network in the German Democratic
      Republic].

PMID- 1090876
TI  - [Medical articles in the first Hungarian scientific journal, Tudomanyos Gyujtmeny
      (1817-1842)].

PMID- 1090877
TI  - [The history of laryngoscopy in Hungary].

PMID- 1090878
TI  - [Medawar and organ transplantation].

PMID- 1090879
TI  - [Josue de Castri].

PMID- 1090880
TI  - [The state of public health education and forensic medicine education in Hungary
      during the past 200 years].

PMID- 1090881
TI  - [The relationship between pregnancy indices and problems of premature deliveries
      in Hungary during the years 1934-1970].

PMID- 1090882
TI  - [The problem of selection of newborn infants with myelomeningocele for surgery.
      The effect of the surviving infants on the rest of their family].

PMID- 1090883
TI  - Symposium on sensorineural hearing loss in children: early detection and
      intervention. Hearing aids for young children.

PMID- 1090884
TI  - Symposium on sensorineural hearing loss in children: early detection and
      intervention. Normalization of the preschool child with hearing impairment.

PMID- 1090885
TI  - Symposium on sensorineural hearing loss in children: early detection and
      intervention. Delivery systems in the management of hearing impaired children.
AB  - The management of a hearing impaired child involves the family as well as the
      child himself, especially when the child is very young. Delivery systems
      therefore must include the parents as an integral part of the delivery chain and
      be sensitive to the parents' need to understand the treatment or therapy and,
      when appropriate, to sustain it in the home. Health care services that have
      educational implications have been termed eduhealth, which in the case of the
      hearing impaired child, refers to such services as the early detection of hearing
      loss, the proper fitting of hearing aids, the prompt treatment of upper
      respiratory infections that might lead to further hearing loss, and vision
      screening. The otolaryngologist, audiologist, and parent all have eduhealth
      responsibilities. Professionals in medicine and allied fields, although well
      trained and experienced in their specialities, are rarely prepared to meet all
      the needs of the young hearing impaired child and his parents with appropriate
      services and in the manner most appropriate for them. Some agencies, however,
      have demonstrated comprehensive capabilities in this area. In referring a family
      to a delivery system, the otolaryngologist should establish to his own
      satisfaction that the requisite skills are present. Common complaints of parents
      of hearing impaired children are the lack of communication with the physician and
      clinician, which is frequently the result of the vocabulary used by the
      specialist and the limited time spent with the parents during visits. The result
      can be parental failure to follow instructions and possibly irreversible damage
      to the child's development of listening, language, and speech skills. The
      eduhealth delivery service index is a new attempt to measure the effectiveness of
      systems for the delivery of education and health care services to young hearing
      impaired children and their parents. It has been demonstrated in a limited
      population and may prove useful in the comparison of delivery systems. The
      otolaryngologist is urged to become better acquainted with the various elements
      of delivery systems and to be cautious in accepting claims of comprehensive
      quality services until verified by his own experience or the reports of actual
      consumers of the services offered.

PMID- 1090886
TI  - Symposium on sensorineural hearing loss in children: early detection and
      intervention. Genetic factors in deafness of early life.
AB  - One half of all cases of childhood deafness are genetically caused, and this
      proportion will become increasingly larger as other causes come under control.
      The mode of transmission of hereditary hearing loss may be dominant, recessive,
      or X linked. Many varieties of childhood deafness can be distinguished by their
      accompanying anomalies. Other types of hereditary deafness occur, without
      associated abnormalities. Certain of these types may be delineated by the mode of
      transmission, age of onset, stability or progression, and audiometric findings.
      Further research on delineation of nonsyndromic hearing loss in necessary if
      treatment of specific kinds is to become a reality. Research also is needed to
      detect the carrier state in recessive and X linked types of hearing loss. In the
      absence of means of prevention and treatment for most cases of hereditary
      deafness, genetic counseling remains the most valuable course.

PMID- 1090887
TI  - Symposium on sensorineural hearing loss in children: early detection and
      intervention. History and activities of the Alexander Graham Bell Association for
      the Deaf.

PMID- 1090888
TI  - Symposium on sensorineural hearing loss in children: early detection and
      intervention. Classifications of auditory impairment.
AB  - Over the past 25 years there has been a consistently growing interest in the
      identification of hearing disorders in children. Basic to the identification of
      hearing loss are the degree of hearing loss, the age of onset, the etiology, and
      the site of the lesion. In this modern era, hearing loss should not go
      undetected, and a child with a hearing loss no longer has to wait until he is six
      years of age before he can be treated and educated. Very young children can be
      successfully tested for auditory problems, and every effort should be taken to
      detect and identify such children with hearing problems. The audiometric tests
      devised for adults have been adapted, in part, for the measurement of hearing in
      children. The threshold values derived from standard audiometry and play
      audiometry are equivalent to those in adults. If some consistency is used in
      classifying children with auditory impairment, future research will be enhanced
      in the areas of prevention and social and educational management of children with
      auditory impairment.

PMID- 1090889
TI  - [Cellular reactions in the tissues surrounding laryngeal carcinoma].

PMID- 1090890
TI  - [Reconstruction of nose tip with a cylindrical flap].

PMID- 1090891
TI  - Responsivity of pituitary gonadotropes to luteinizing hormone-releasing factor in
      idiopathic precocious puberty, precocious thelarche, precocious adrenarche, and
      in patients treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate.
AB  - One hundred micrograms synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF) were
      administered to 13 girls and 2 boys with idiopathic precocious puberty, 3 girls
      with precocious thelarche, 2 girls with precocious adrenarche, and 5 children
      treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). Luteinizing hormone (LH),
      follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and sex steroid responses were assessed. The
      mean readily releasable LH rose to a peak of 8.4 plus or minus 1. 8 ng/ml (LER
      960) in the children with idiopathic precocious puberty and was significantly
      greater than in normal prepubertal (1.8 plus or minus 0.14) or pubertal children
      (4.9 ng/ml) (LER 869) was higher in precocious puberty but not significantly
      greater than in normal prepubertal (5.3 plus or minus 1.9) or pubertal girls (6.0
      plus or minus 1.2). The mean concentration of plasma estradiol rose significantly
      above resting levels after LRF in the girls with idiopathic precocious puberty.
      The LH response in girls with precocious the larche was in the prepubertal range.
      In 4 of 5 children with sexual precocity treated with MPA, the LH release evoked
      by LRF was diminished.

PMID- 1090892
TI  - Pharmacologic manipulation of human erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate levels by
      prednisone administration.
AB  - Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) concentrations in 10 patients with
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia rose 21.3%(P smaller than 0.02) after 3 weeks of
      prednisone and vincristine therapy, and returned to pretreatment level 2 weeks
      after therapy had been discontinued. The mean 2,3-DPG level of three patients on
      vincristine alone did not vary significantly from the control level of the
      leukemia patients on prednisone and vincristine. No significant change in serum
      inorganic phosphate level was observed. The mean erythrocyte 2,3-DPG
      concentration of 17 nephrotic syndrome patients being treated with chronic
      prednisone therapy was 14.0% higher than a control group of 20 nephrotic syndrome
      patients not being treated with prednisone (P small than 0.01). A significant
      positive correlation was observed between the dose of prednisone and 2,3-DPG
      level.

PMID- 1090893
TI  - T and B lymphocyte subpopulations in children.
AB  - T and B lymphocyte subpopulations were examined in the peripheral blood of
      children using the E and EAC rosette assays. Children under 18 months of age were
      found to have a decreased percentage of E-binding (T) lymphocytes and an
      increased percentage of EAC-binding (B) lymphocytes compared to older children
      (18 months to 10 years) and adults. The absolute number of E-binding and EAC
      binding lymphocytes was increased in children under 18 months of age.

PMID- 1090894
TI  - Metastatic malignant melanoma in prepubertal children.

PMID- 1090895
TI  - Transcutaneous oxygen tension measurements in newborn infants.
AB  - Attention is called in this brief review article to the development and clinical
      uses of a new technique for monitoring blood oxygen tensions in newborn infants.
      This technique uses an electrode recently developed by Huch et al. in Germany to
      measure arterial oxygen tensions directly through the skin. This device allows
      for continuous monitoring with a non-invasive technique. The method is now in use
      in European hospitals. Clinical experiences are cited to document its usefulness.

PMID- 1090896
TI  - Suprarenal abscess in the neonate: a case report and review of diagnosis and
      management.
AB  - A case of unilateral suprarenal abscess is reported. This is the third such
      reported case, and the first reported case successfully treated with preservation
      of the kidney. Diagnosis and treatment were aided significantly by a thorough
      preoperative radiological evaluation, including angiography.

PMID- 1090897
TI  - The use of indwelling radial artery catheters in neonates.
AB  - Indwelling radial artery catheterization was performed on 20 infants. In only one
      patient was it unsuccessful. Mean duration of indwelling catheterization was 44.1
      hours. Advantages of this procedure include constant availability of arterial
      blood gas sampling and blood pressure monitoring. It is a relatively safe
      procedure offering a low incidence of clinical infection and serious vascular
      complications. Further experience will delineate its exact role in the care of
      the acutely ill neonate.

PMID- 1090898
TI  - Letter: Diiodohydroxyquin and optic atrophy.

PMID- 1090899
TI  - [Significance of intestinal dysbacteriosis in the pathology of the biliary tract
      in children].

PMID- 1090900
TI  - Bibliography related to use of instrumental aids in stuttering therapy:
      supplement 3.

PMID- 1090901
TI  - Alpha feedback and relaxation: a cautionary note.

PMID- 1090902
TI  - [Trace elements other than fluorine, in enamel. Occurrence and possible meaning
      in development of caries].

PMID- 1090904
TI  - Official directory of national and international agencies.

PMID- 1090903
TI  - [Oral hygiene in school children. Evaluation of a prophylactic program].

PMID- 1090905
TI  - The efficacy of group therapy by nurses for hospitalized patients.
AB  - To investigate the effect of group therapy by nurses on chronic psychiatric
      patients, 100 chronic psychiatric patients between the ages of 30 and 59,
      hospitalized on two regressed, continued care wards and one community care
      preparation ward at the Veterans Administration Hospital, Augusta, Georgia, were
      paired, using the variables of age, diagnosis, and number and duration of
      hospitalizations, and assigned to five control and five experimental groups (ten
      patients per group). Experimental subjects attended group therapy sessions, led
      by two nurses, twice a week; control subjects did not. All subjects were
      evaluated by two nursing assistants on the NOSIE-30 scale prior to group therapy,
      after ten sessions, and at the end of 20 sessions. Paired t-tests were computed
      on pre- and postdata for six factors. Data from an evaluation scale of the most
      regressed ward indicated leader-patient interaction. Sociogram evaluation
      revealed 79 percent positive interactions. Topics most frequently mentioned were
      nature in regard to delusional systems and interpersonal relations in the
      hospital and home. Findings supported the use of group therapy with chronic
      regressed psychiatric patients.

PMID- 1090906
TI  - Women in medicine.

PMID- 1090907
TI  - Supravalvular aortic stenosis.

PMID- 1090908
TI  - The history of diabetes.

PMID- 1090909
TI  - The generation gap.

PMID- 1090910
TI  - [Experimental patching of arterial wall defects with wall of the concomitant vein
      using tissue glues].

PMID- 1090911
TI  - [Bacterial element in the etiology of diarrhea in children in the Lublin
      Province].

PMID- 1090912
TI  - [Aspergillosis as a postoperative complication of a jaw cyst].

PMID- 1090913
TI  - [Maciej of Miechow (1457-1523)--the polish Hippocrates].

PMID- 1090914
TI  - [Tytus Chalubinski (1820-1899)--a great physician and outstanding man].

PMID- 1090915
TI  - [Pharmacology in Poland during the 30 years of the Polish People's Republic].

PMID- 1090916
TI  - [Antibody levels against nephropathogenic strains of E. coli 02, 04, 06, 020 in
      various serum groups].

PMID- 1090917
TI  - [Giant anterior lumbar myelomeningocele in 44-year-old woman].

PMID- 1090918
TI  - [Wladyslaw Bieganski as Honorary Member of numerous Medical Societies].

PMID- 1090919
TI  - [Evaluation of therapeutic results in cases of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma
      in our records].

PMID- 1090920
TI  - [Jan Jonston (1603-1675)--Scoto-Polonus].

PMID- 1090921
TI  - [Importance of serological studies in bacterial urinary tract infections].

PMID- 1090922
TI  - [Jozef Strus--an outstanding physician and scientist of the Renaissance era].

PMID- 1090923
TI  - [Tissue reaction to surgical sutures].

PMID- 1090924
TI  - [Healing of skin wounds following taking of free grafts].

PMID- 1090925
TI  - [Autotransfusion in surgery].

PMID- 1090926
TI  - Community mental health: a review.

PMID- 1090927
TI  - The influence of tobacco smoke on indoor atmospheres.

PMID- 1090928
TI  - A corner of history: John Graunt, 1620-1674, the father of demography.

PMID- 1090929
TI  - T4-induced RNA ligase joins single-stranded oligoribonucleotides.
AB  - RNA ligase isolated from Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage T4 will
      catalyze the formation of an intermolecular 3' leads to 5' phosphodiester linkage
      between an oligoribonucleotide with a free 3'-hydroxyl and another
      oligoribonucleotide with a 5'-phosphate. Upon reaction with (Ap)5C, nearly
      quantitative conversion of the hexamer [5'-32P]p(Up)5U to the dodecamer (Ap)5C[3'
      leads to 5'-32P]p(Up)5U was observed. The product was identified by its mobility
      on RPC-5 column chromatography, its resistance to alkaline phosphatase, and the
      appearance of the expected radiolabeled products on hydrolysis with alkali,
      ribonuclease A, snake venom phosphodiesterase, and spleen phosphodiesterase. The
      coupling of other pairs of single-stranded oligoribonucleotides has also been
      demonstrated. The intermolecular joining reaction is probably mechanistically
      similar to the intramolecular cyclization activity previously reported for Tr RNA
      ligase. It is expected that this enzyme will be useful for the synthesis of RNA
      fragments of defined sequence.

PMID- 1090930
TI  - Microbial production of ammonium ion from nitrogen.
AB  - Genetic manipulation of nitrogenase and key glutamate-forming enzymes can provide
      mutants that excrete fixed N2 as NH4+. A derepressed N2 fxation mutant (SK-24)
      has been isolated , which excretes up to 20.2 mumol of fixed N2 as NH4+ per mg of
      cell protein in 24 hr at room temperature. Biochemical analysis shows that this
      mutant, which requires glutamate for growth, releases fixed N2 as NH4+ into the
      environment because of (i) constitutive synthesis of nitrogenase and (ii) genetic
      blocks resulting in losses of glutamate synthase [L-glutamine:2-oxoglutarate
      aminotransferase (NADPH oxidizing), EC 2.6.1.53] and glutamate dehydrogenase [L
      glutamate:NADP oxidoreductase (deaminating), EC 1.4.1.4] activities, enzymes
      essential for NH4+ assimilation into cell material. The parent strain (asm-1),
      missing only glutamate synthase activity, also actively excretes NH4+ during
      early phases of its growth but eventually reutilizes the NN4+. A miximum yield of
      4.0 mumol of NH4+/ml per 24 hr has been noted for asm-1 only during the growth
      period. Biosynthesis of NH4+ PROCEEDS AT THE EXPENSE OF A Variety of fermentable
      sugars, such as sucrose or glucose, with a maximum energy conversion efficiency
      of about 5 glucose degraded per NH4+ formed. The use of microbes for production
      of NH4+ fertilizer is discussed.

PMID- 1090931
TI  - Proteolytic cleavage of bacteriophage lambda repressor in induction.
AB  - The bacteriophage lambda repressor, a protein that maintains the lysogenic state
      of a bacterium containing a lambda prophage, is cleaved when the lysogen is
      induced by mitomycin C or ultraviolet light. This cleavage does not occur when
      induction is prevented by mutational alteration either of the phage repressor or
      of the host recA gene product. Proteolytic cleavage may be the primary mechanism
      of repressor inactivation in this induction pathway, or it may follow a different
      event which causes the initial inactivation.

PMID- 1090932
TI  - DNA strand breaks measured within 100 milliseconds of irradiation of Escherichia
      coli by 4 MeV electrons.
AB  - A method was developed in which E. coli cells were irradiated with four MeV
      electrons and transferred to alkaline detergent within a fraction of a second.
      This technique minimizes the amount of repair of radiation damage before analysis
      without the necessity of using physical or chemical treatments to inhibit repair
      and alter the physiological condition of the cells. The yield of DNA strans
      breaks formed in covalent circular superhelical lambda DNA molecules
      superinfecting E. coli lysogens was about 4-fold greater when the cells were
      irradiated in oxygen than when they were irradiated under nitrogen anoxia. The
      same yields were obtained in phosphate buffer at 3 degrees and 22 degrees as well
      as in growth medium at 37 degrees, and the yields were not altered by the polA1
      mutation. When E. coli lysogenic cells superinfected with lambda were irradiated
      with doses sufficient to introduce at least seven breaks in the phage DNA, the
      chromosomal DNA and the superinfecting phage DNA sedimented similarly in alkaline
      sucrose gradients, indicating that both DNAs were broken to a similar extent
      during irradiation. However, the yield of breaks calculated for chromosomal DNA
      in similar experiments was greater than the yield calculated from the first break
      introduced into covalent circular lambda DNA molecules. These apparently
      contradictory results are explicable either if the initial break in a
      superhelical molecule occurs with an efficiency different from that for
      subsequent breaks, or if the pulsed electron radiation produces a high proportion
      of double-strand breaks.

PMID- 1090933
TI  - Chromatin as a template for RNA synthesis in vitro.
AB  - RNA transcribed in vitro from myeloblast chromatin by exogenously added RNA
      polymerase B predominantly consists of short chains that remain in hybrid
      structure with the template; the remainder of the product is free RNA of
      heterogeneous size. Addition of polyanions during synthesis caused an increase in
      the size and amount of free RNA with a concomitant decrease in the proportion of
      small RNA. The large molecular weight RNA is derived from the short RNA chains,
      which are synthesized de novo during the reaction in vitro. The effect of
      polyanions on the size and nature of the product may be related to structural
      changes induced in the template rather than to an inhibition of nuclease
      activity.

PMID- 1090934
TI  - A new chemical procedure for 32P-labeling of ribonucleic acids at their 5'-ends
      after isolation.
AB  - A new technique, which utilizes the chemical reaction between
      [32P]diimidazolidate of orthophosphate and the cetyltrimethylammonium salt of
      high-molecular-weight RNA in nonaqueous dimethyl formamide, has been developed
      for the 32P-labeling of RNAs after isolation. The radioactive label of high
      specific activity is introduced onto a phosphorylated 5'-end of the RNA and
      renders it suitable for 5'-terminal group analysis. When the labeling reaction
      was applied to the 70S RNA of avian myeloblastosis virus, a labeled 35S RNA was
      isolated on sucrose-dimethyl sulfoxide gradients without apparent degradation.

PMID- 1090935
TI  - Temperature-sensitive cell mutations that inhibit adenovirus 2 replication.
AB  - Five temperature-sensitive growth mutants of the hamster cell line BHK-21 were
      tested for the ability to support adenovirus 2 multiplication at 39 degrees and
      33 degrees. Wild-type BHK-21 and mutants ts 422E and ts BCH yielded comparable
      amounts of virus at 33 degrees and 39 degrees, whereas in three other mutants, ts
      T22, ts T23, and ts AF8, virus production at 39 degrees was reduced to about 1%
      of that at 33 degrees. Virus yield in the three mutants was not reduced because
      of a delay in virus production; for all cells tested maximal virus yield at 39
      degrees was obtained by 40-50 hr after infection. Normal yields of infectious
      virus were not obtained from ts AF8 even with a very high multiplicity of
      infection. In contrast, the virus yield from ts T22 and ts T23 was multiplicity
      dependent. Shiftup experiments demonstrated that in ts AF8, a cell cycle mutant
      which at 39 degrees becomes arrested in G1, virus multiplication was
      thermosensitive for the first 40 hr of infection. In ts T22 and ts T23, the
      thermosensitivity was only for the first 3-4 hr of the infection. In all three
      mutants viral DNA synthesis was reduced by at least 95% at the higher
      temperature. The cell function specified by the ts AF8 mutation seems to be
      required for the early period of adenovirus 2 replication, after virus entry into
      the cell but before the onset of viral DNA replication.

PMID- 1090936
TI  - Complementation in cytoplasmic petite mutants of yeast to form respiratory
      competent cells.
AB  - Complementation has been observed in cytoplasmic respiratory deficient yeast
      cells (petites) to yield respiratory competent diploids. This successful
      demonstration depended on the use of spontaneous petites of recent origin and on
      crosses involving all possible apirwise combinations between the many different
      petite isolates of opposite mating type. The possibility of deletion of a single
      unique region of yeast mitochondrial DNA as the initial lesion in petite
      formation has been eliminated by using strains isogenic for their mitochondrial
      DNA.

PMID- 1090937
TI  - Regulation of proline catabolism by leucyl,phenylalanyl-tRNA-protein transferase.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli lacking leucyl,phenylalanyl-tRNA:protein
      leucyltransferase, EC 2.3.2.6) exhibited several abnormal growth characteristics
      relative to the wild type or a revertant when grown with glycerol as a carbon
      source. All three strains were auxotrophic for proline. The mutant required
      higher levels of this amino acid than did the other strains to attain a normal
      growth yield and metabolized exogenous [14C]proline more rapidly. The greater
      rate of proline utilization was associated with a 4-fold increase in specific
      activity of proline oxidase. When glucose rather than glycerol was employed as a
      carbon source, proline oxidase activity was reduced by catabolite repression and
      the growth ccharacteristics of the mutant were similar to those of the parental
      and revertant strains. These results suggest that the mutant growth phenotype is
      due to an altered rate of proline catabolism and constitue evidence for
      regulation of a specific metabolic pathway by leucyl,phenylalanyl-tRNA-protein
      transferase.

PMID- 1090939
TI  - Educational programs leading to professional qualification in physical therapy.

PMID- 1090938
TI  - Specialized transducing phages for ribosomal protein genes of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Specialized lambda transducing phages have been isolated carrying approximately
      half the ribosomal protein genes of E. coli. These phages carry regions of the
      bacterial chromosome between aroE and fus. The ribosomal protein genes on these
      phages have been identified by the stimulation of ribosomal protein synthesis in
      ultraviolet-irradiated bacteria following infection by the transducing phage, and
      by the in vitro synthesis of ribosomal proteins in a DNA-dependent protein
      synthesizing system. The results indicate lambdadspcl probably carries at least
      22 ribosomal protein genes and lambdadspc2 at least 26 genes. All these genes are
      clustered between trkA and strA. At least 13 of them have not been previously
      mapped.

PMID- 1090940
TI  - Graduate programs for physical therapists.

PMID- 1090941
TI  - Physical therapist assistant programs.

PMID- 1090942
TI  - Short-term courses for graduate physical therapists.

PMID- 1090943
TI  - [Nurses in silvery helmets].

PMID- 1090944
TI  - Reduction mammaplasty with an L-shaped suture line. Development of different
      techniques.

PMID- 1090945
TI  - Pharyngeal flap augmentation.

PMID- 1090946
TI  - Inframammary-based dermofat flaps in mammary reconstruction following a
      subcutaneous mastectomy.

PMID- 1090947
TI  - The dorsalis pedis arterialized flap. A clinical study.

PMID- 1090948
TI  - Experimental funicular grafting of the facial nerve.

PMID- 1090949
TI  - Technique for embedding split ribs in a cranioplasty.

PMID- 1090950
TI  - A method of successive interrupted suturing in microvascular anastomoses.

PMID- 1090951
TI  - The deltopectoral flap: an anatomical and hemodynamic approach.
AB  - An anatomical and hemodynamic study of the deltopectoral flap in cadaver
      dissections and clinical cases is described. Anatomically, the deltopectoral flap
      represents a fusion of 3 vascular regions supplied by 3 different sets of
      vessels. Hemodynamically, the flap consists of a lateral cutaneous flap nourished
      by a medial arterial pedicle. The method of choice for delay of a deltopectoral
      flap is discussed.

PMID- 1090952
TI  - Follow-up clinic: The alar cartilage and nasal deformity in unilateral cleft lip.

PMID- 1090953
TI  - Large Indian forehead rhinoplasty. Case report.
AB  - The classic Indian rhinoplasty, with a midline forehead flap, was performed on 4
      young adult patients with "cut noses". The rather large flaps survived in all
      cases, without a delay procedure, and the results were surprisingly good. The
      appearance of the donor area is, however, a problem-especially in patients with
      pigmented skins. The method is relatively simple and we believe it to be of value
      in selected cases.

PMID- 1090954
TI  - Temporary suspension of the lower lid after a blepharoplasty.

PMID- 1090955
TI  - Microvascular transfer of free deltopectoral dermal-fat flap.

PMID- 1090956
TI  - Scalping injury.
AB  - The history of scalp avulsions is presented, and one case is reported. A
      treatment plan for scalped patients is outlined.

PMID- 1090957
TI  - Five-year history of the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons,
      1969-1973.

PMID- 1090958
TI  - Use of parieto-occipital flaps in the surgical treatment of baldness.
AB  - I present a surgical procedure for the treatment of baldness, using parieto
      occipital and occipito-parietal flaps. I believe these flaps are somewhat
      different from those advocated earlier by others, 1,3-5. We have treated about
      400 cases (Tables I, II), and the overall results have been excellent with this
      method. The only complications have been dehiscences of the donor wound when the
      wound was under tension (15) and necrosis of the distal two cm of the flap (10).

PMID- 1090959
TI  - The effect of commonly used antiseptics on wound healing.
AB  - Acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and povidone-iodine solutions were applied to
      experimental wounds in rats and to human donor sites to test their effects on
      wound healing. Control donor sites were treated with saline or dry Owens gauze.
      The acetic acid and povidone-iodine solutions had no significant gross or
      microscopic effect on the wounds. The hydrogen peroxide solution seemed to hasten
      the separation of the scab and to shorten the healing time, though characteristic
      bullae and ulceration appeared if the hydrogen peroxide treatment was applied
      after the crust had separated, when new epithelium was visible. We believe that
      the use of hydrogen peroxide should be avoided after crust separation. When only
      dry Owens gauze was used to treat split-skin graft donor areas, the result was a
      3-day prolongation of the scab separation (compared to the saline controls) and
      greater subepidermal reactive and inflammatory changes.

PMID- 1090960
TI  - Autotransplant of omentum to cover large denudation of the scalp. Case report.
AB  - Omentum was transplanted and covered with a split-skin graft, for repair of a
      denuding injury of the scalp in a 5-year-old girl. With the many successful
      recent reports of free skin flaps, the indications for omental transplantation
      have decreased somewhat, but some peculiar situations may require it.

PMID- 1090961
TI  - A simple method for applying and changing a bolus dressing.

PMID- 1090962
TI  - National societies of plastic surgery. (Members of the international
      confederation).

PMID- 1090963
TI  - Obituary. Varaztad H. Kazanjian, M.D., D.M.D., Sc. D., C.M.G. 1879-1974.

PMID- 1090964
TI  - [Psychiatric problems in the light of the Polish family code].

PMID- 1090965
TI  - [Therapeutic procedures in cases of severe delirium tremens].

PMID- 1090966
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Slawomir Bartoszewicz (1945-1974)].

PMID- 1090967
TI  - Double-blind procedure: an assessment in a study of lithium prophylaxis.
AB  - Fifty-seven patients with primary affective disorder who were in a double-blind
      outpatient study to evaluate the prophylaxis of lithium were questioned as to
      whether they believed they were receiving lithium or placebo. Research nurses who
      were 'blind' to the patients' medication and a close relative living with each
      patient were also questioned. Nearly all patients (96%) said they beleived they
      were receiving lithium, ascribing this belief in 63% of the cases to a perceived
      improvement in condition. In only 14% of the cases on lithium was the presence of
      side-effects implicated in the patients' beliefs. One of the three nurses had a
      correct guess rate in excess of chance expectancy. All nurses tended to be more
      accurate in their guesses in the cases of patients who had been in prophylactic
      trials of over 15 months' duration than for patients with briefer periods in the
      study. Patients' relatives were, as a group, extremely accurate, their correct
      guess rate exceeding chance expectancy at the 0-001 level.

PMID- 1090968
TI  - Radiological concepts of cholecystokinin cholecystography.
AB  - Cholecystokinin-cholecystography originated in Stockholm in 1955. At the present
      time the radiological procedure is conducted under supervision of medical
      research teams in the United States. The cholecystokininpancreozymin preparation
      is imported for clinical investigation under "Investigational Drug" regulations.
      Dr. Donald Hanscom, gastroenterologist, who is conducting clinical investigations
      in the Midwest, submitted radiographs, publications and evaluations from his
      files for this manuscript. This gastrointestinal hormone "squeezes out a
      diagnosis" as it is observed fluoroscopically. Dr. LeRoy B. Garbe, radiologist,
      evaluates these findings in the cases presented. The effects of cholecystokinin
      on the contrast-filled gall bladder give enhanced diagnostic information for the
      patient suffering with chronic cholecystitis and cystic ductitis.

PMID- 1090969
TI  - Where we stand on proficiency testing.
AB  - Because of the lack of comprehensive information in radiologic technology
      publications on the history, purpose and future implications of a process
      technologists hear talked about as "proficiency testing," and because of a lack
      of understanding of the role The American Society of Radiologic Technologists is
      playing in the project, the authors responded to a request by the editor to
      prepare this article.  Since evaluation of the proficiency testing concept is
      still going on, this article is only a beginning and cannot be conclusive as to
      possible implementation, but it serves to provide substantial understanding
      through which the reader can evaluate future information.

PMID- 1090970
TI  - Melorheostosis with linear sclerodermatous skin changes.
AB  - A case of melorheostosis with overlying linear skin changes is reported. The
      radiographic appearance is that of a linear hyperostosis which appears to flow
      along the cortex of the bone. This is believed to be the twelfth such case in the
      literature.

PMID- 1090971
TI  - Gastric pseudo-ulcers: membrana angularis and pyloric torus defects.
AB  - The membrana angularis and pyloric torus defects are two physiologic bulges which
      can simulate ulcerations along the lesser curvature of the stomach. The muscular
      anatomy of the stomach and the mechanism which produces these pseudo-ulcers are
      discussed. Both pseudoniches can be seen transiently in normal individuals but
      occasionally are such prominence as to become diagnostic pitfalls. The features
      and significance of each pseudo-ulcer are reviewed in an attempt to facilitate
      recognition on the upper gastrointestinal barium examination.

PMID- 1090973
TI  - John C. Volderauer, M.D. 1906-1974.

PMID- 1090972
TI  - Angiography of renal transplant using ipsilateral femoral artery compression.
AB  - A technique is described for performing pelvic renal transplant arteriography
      using compression of the common femoral artery on the same side as the
      transplant. This method is an alternative to selective catherization.

PMID- 1090974
TI  - J. Frank Walker, M.D. 1925-1973.

PMID- 1090975
TI  - Arteriographic bleeding: a new sign.
AB  - A new sign of arteriographic bleeding, diastolic clearance of angiographic
      contrast medium selectively from the bleeding vessel, is described. The use of
      this sign must be confined to rapidly bleeding end-vessel distributions or when
      nonopacified collateral circulation is not a consideration. It should not be
      confused with the normal washout of contrast substance in areas of multiple
      parent vessel collateral circulation where intermittent opacification is a normal
      feature.

PMID- 1090976
TI  - Ultrasonographic determination of the splenic size and its clinical usefulness in
      various liver diseases.
AB  - Contact ultrasonic tomography was employed to obtain the size of the spleen in
      vivo. The scanning was done parallel to the ribs, and the splenotomograms
      obtained by this method showed three basic patterns of enlargement: a soft,
      bulging spleen, splenic congestion, or a firm spleen. Of the 96 patients with
      liver disease studied by this technique, 95% gave evidence of splenic
      enlargement. Useful information on prognosis may be obtained by observing the
      changes in the sectional areas of the spleen.

PMID- 1090977
TI  - Detection of canine kidney allograft rejection with 51Cr-labeled lymphocytes.
AB  - Mongrel dogs received transplanted kidneys following total nephrectomy. The whole
      blood was centrifuged to separate out the lymphocytic fraction, which was tagged
      with 51Cr. Renal accumulation of 51Cr was followed using imaging detectors. All
      allograft rejections were accompanied by a simultaneous rise in the count rate.
      Labeled lymphocytes can be used to detect canine renal rejection, and the authors
      feel that this technique can be applied to man.

PMID- 1090978
TI  - The effect of contrast media on patient motion during cerebral angiography.
AB  - Conray, Renografin-60, and Reno-M-60 were compared in 40 patients undergoing
      cerebral angiography. Pain during injection, as evidenced by head motion, was
      documented using subtraction. Conray produced less had head motion and therefore
      a superior subtraction study than either Renografin-60 or Reno-M-60 and was also
      subjectively the least painful of the three.

PMID- 1090979
TI  - The effect of glucagon on barium-enema examination.
AB  - Fifty barium-enema studies were performed with glucagon and 50 with a placebo to
      compare their effect on colonic spasm, patient discomfort, and diagnostic
      quality. Each drug was administered in a randomized double-blind fashion and was
      injected intramuscularly 10 minutes before beginning the enema. Bowel relaxation
      during fluoroscopy was graded. Patients were questioned about discomfort during
      and immediately after the enema, and radiographs were reviewed blindly for
      diagnostic quality and degree of spasm. Studies done with glucagon produced
      significantly less spasm and discomfort and better diagnostic quality compared to
      the placebo (p less than 0.01).

PMID- 1090980
TI  - Releif of severe fecal impactions with water-soluble contrast enemas.
AB  - High fecal impaction resulted in complete bowel obstruction in 2 children
      following renal transplantation and in one adult on chemotherapy and narcotics.
      The usual methods of relief failed, and water-soluble contrast enemas with a high
      osmolality were employed. Fluoroscopic control assured placement of the enema
      fluid at the site of obstruction, where it was very effective in relieving the
      impaction. It is suggested that such high-osmolality enemas be considered in
      patients with severe high fecal impactions before surgery is contemplated.

PMID- 1090981
TI  - [Use of 2 bacteriophages for Salmonella typhimurium bacilli in the evaluation of
      homogeneity of a food poisoning epidemic].

PMID- 1090982
TI  - [Salmonella infections in infants and small children hospitalized in the years
      1968-1972].

PMID- 1090983
TI  - [Problems of malaria diagnosis].

PMID- 1090984
TI  - The effect of bithionol sulphoxide on Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia
      hydatigena infections in dogs.
AB  - Double Thiry-Vella loops in calves were used to show that when heat stable E coli
      enterotoxin was in contact with only one of the loops, a net increase in water
      secretion occured in both. It was concluded that either enterotoxin itself or a
      mediator substance was absorbed and acted via the systemic circulation.

PMID- 1090985
TI  - The effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin on the concentrations of mineral
      elements in the plasma of the domestic fowl.
AB  - The intravenous injection of E coli endotoxin (serogroup 0111 : B4) into eight to
      nine week old disease-free fowls (0-025-3-0 mg/kg) produced successive falls in
      the plasma potassium and calcium levels during the 9 h following the injection.
      This change in the potassium concentration was accompanied by a slight rise in
      that of sodium, and in some cases a slight rise in that of sodium, and in some
      cases a slight reduction in the magnesium concentration was detected when that of
      calcium was reduced. No effect was observed 24 h after the injection. The metal
      binding properties of endotoxin, its affinity for membranes and its effect on the
      secretion of adrenocortical hormones may be involved in the production of these
      responses. Their pathophysiological significance is also discussed.

PMID- 1090986
TI  - Studies on the development of chloramphenicol resistance in Salmonella
      typhimurium.
AB  - Chloramphenicol therapy of acute and chronic Salmonella typhimurium infection in
      mice did not lead to the development of chloramphenicol resistant mutants of this
      organism. However, chloramphenicol resistant organisms were readily produced in
      vitro. Transfer of chloramphenicol resistance from a donor strain of Escherichia
      coli X12 to a suitable recipient strain of S typhimurium 5235 occurred readily in
      the intestine of 15 out of 20 conventional mice, following oral administration of
      large doses of these strains supplemented by chloramphenicol therapy. When a
      similar system was used in untreated animals, only a small number of
      chloramphenicol resistant S typhimurium were isolated from three out of 18 mice.
      The virulence of chloramphenicol resistant S typhimurium produced in vitro and in
      vivo was similar to that of the sensitive parent strain.

PMID- 1090987
TI  - Respiratory and cough mechanics in antitussive trials. Responsivity of objective
      indices to the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections.
AB  - The relative responsitivy of nine expirographic and airway indices to antitussive
      therapy was studied in a randomized double-blind trial in which 60 adults without
      bronchopulmonary disorders, but suffering from common colds, were given oral
      doses of five drug formulations or placebo during their initial 48 h of symptoms.
      Thoracic gas volume (Vtg), nasal (Rn), lower (Ra), total t[Rn + Ra]) and specific
      (sRa) airway resistances were determined plethysmographically; forced vital
      capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume for the first second (FEV1.0) and
      maximal mid-expiratory flow rate (MMEFR) were recorded spirometrically. Cough
      pressure at peak flow furnished an index of cough (CI). The measurements were
      made at baseline and for 4 h after drug; medication was continued for two
      additional doses and the indices determined again the following morning. Abnormal
      control means were noted for Rn and [Rn + Ra] (90.8%), cough resistance (83.3%),
      MMEFR (58.3%), Ra and sRa (30.0%), but less ofter for FEV1.0, Vtg and FVC (6.6,
      5.1 and 0.0%, respectively). Nasal and total airways flow resistance means were
      as sensitive to active therapy and in discriminating the relative worth of
      medication as direct CI values, Ra and sRa were less reliable, and the three
      spirometric functions were the lease responsive. This ranking was consistent with
      the common central airways location of subepithelial receptors responsible for
      cough and the associated reflex bronchoconstriction. The greatest changes in
      cough resistance followed treatment with the most significant activity in the
      nasal, as well as the lower tract, component of total airway resistance.

PMID- 1090988
TI  - Aerosol chemotherapy in bronchopulmonary candidiasis.
AB  - One of the most frequent complications encountered in non-specific respiratory
      pathology of recent years is overinfection by Candida albicans. An important
      contributive factor is the recent massive antibiotherapy, above all with
      tetracyclines, favouring this overinfection. Since at present the treatment of
      bronchopulmonary processes is difficult owing to the lack of an effective oral or
      parenteral therapy, a study was carried out of 33 patients treated with nystatin
      and amphotericin B in aerosol form, with 3-4 sessions of treatment per day,
      during a minimum of 10 days. At each session either 50,000 U of nystatin or 5 mg
      of amphotericin B were administered. The results obtained showed that after
      treatment, C. albicans was no longer present in the sputum of 84% of cases
      treated. In view of these results it is considered that - at present - the two
      most suitable substances for the treatment of pulmonary candidiases are nystatin
      and amphotericin B in aerosol form.

PMID- 1090989
TI  - Regional distribution of pulmonary blood flow in normal high-altitude dwellers at
      3,650 m (12,200 ft).
AB  - Simultaneous isotope dilution curves were recorded from the right upper (QRUZ)
      and right lower lung zones (QRLZ) by surface scanning in the sitting and
      recumbent positions in 15 normal high-altitude-born (HAD) males and in 1 HAD
      female as well as from 3 male newcomers, using 10 muCi of 131I-HSA as a bolus
      injection into the right ventricle. Similar information was also obtained at sea
      level from 5 normal males. The mean percent distribution of total pulmonary blood
      flow (Q) to RUZ and RLZ in the two body postures indicate (1) that in the
      vertical position RUZ in males receives about 17% of Q regardless of altitude and
      elevation in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) in HAD of 8.6 mm Hg above that
      extant at sea level; (2) recumbency at high altitude showed QRUZ also to be lower
      than at sea level; (3) elevation in MPAP at altitude has no significant effect on
      changing the sea-level distribution pattern of pulmonary blood flow.

PMID- 1090990
TI  - [In memory of Academician Prof. Dimitar Arsov].

PMID- 1090991
TI  - [Principles of clinical testing of drugs used in rheuatology].

PMID- 1090992
TI  - [Dr. Maria Wroblewska--custodian of the Scientific Library of the Institute of
      Rheumatology].

PMID- 1090993
TI  - [Sarcoidosis yesterday and today. Histo-pathogenetic approach].

PMID- 1090994
TI  - Four distinctive views of the dying patient. A kidney donor: providing life after
      death.

PMID- 1090995
TI  - Fostering staff sensitivity to the dying patient.

PMID- 1090996
TI  - Empirical Aztec medicine.

PMID- 1090997
TI  - Blood volume.
AB  - During the past decade the diagnostic use of blood volume determinations has
      declined as a result of the generation of largely inaccurate results and
      inappropriate normalization and interpretation. After historical development of
      more than 50 years, current methodology employs 125I-labeled human serum albumin
      and 51Cr-labeled red blood cells to determine plasma volume and red cell volume,
      respectively. Accurate blood volume determinations require (1) abandoning the use
      of the mean body hematocrit:venous hematocrit ratio and using simultaneous
      independent measurements of both volumes; (2) delaying multiple postinjection
      patient samples until complete mixing and equilibration are complete; (3)
      backextrapolation of plasma concentrations of 125I to account for albumin loss
      from the plasma, and, rarely, back-extrapolation of red cell concentrations to
      account for dilution by red cells transfused during the procedure; (4)
      normalization of volumes by adjusting patient weight to normal correspondence
      with lean tissue mass, whenever necessary. A rapid, routine method that fulfills
      these four requirements is presented. A number of surgical and medical conditions
      in which blood volume determinations are very useful in diagnosis and therapy are
      discussed. Recently developed techniques for blood volume measurements include
      neutron acativation analysis and fluorescent excitation analysis. Correct
      normalization of accurate blood volume measurements will provide a valuable
      service to the entire medical community.

PMID- 1090999
TI  - State practice in AFDC management.

PMID- 1090998
TI  - Use of radioisotope techniques in the clinical evaluation of patients with
      megaloblastic anemia.
AB  - Because virtually all cases of vitamin B12 deficiency seen in this country are
      due to malabsorption, the availability of radioactive vitamin B12 for direct
      measurement of absorption of this essential nutrient has proved to be of great
      clinical value. These tests are useful not only in demonstrating vitamin B12 
      malabsorption but also often in defining the pathophysiological mechanism
      responsible for this abnormality. The urinary excretion test of Schilling remains
      the most useful test for vitamin B12 absorption. Minor precautions and
      modifications in technique make the test results more reliable and easier to
      interpret. The 8-hr plasma test for vitamin B12 absorption can no longer be
      considered acceptable. Some patients with vitamin B12 malabsorption have results
      in the normal range when studied by this method. Serum vitamin B12 assays
      utilizing radioactive vitamin B12 and the isotope dilution principle are not
      widely used and are useful screening tests. Low normal or borderline results
      observed in patients with clinical evidence suggestive of vitamin B12 deficiency
      should be interpreted with caution or confirmed by radioactive vitamin B12
      absorption studies. Radioactive vitamin B12 can also be used for rapid, reliable
      assay of gastric intrinsic factor, antibody to intrinsic factor and unsaturated
      vitamin B12 serum. Methods using radioactive folate compounds for similar in vivo
      and in vitro studies are not yet applicable for routine use in nuclear medicine
      laboratories.

PMID- 1091000
TI  - Editorial: Electrocardiography: a cooperative venture.

PMID- 1091001
TI  - Colestipol hydrochloride, a new hypolipidemic drug: a two-year study.
AB  - Colestipol hydrochloride is an insoluble, nonabsorbable copolymer with bile-acid
      binding capacity. It prevents reabsorption of cholates from the intestinal tract
      into the enterohepatic circulation causing a net loss of bile acids, and
      therefore of cholesterol. Sixty subjects with cholesterol levels over 250 mg/100
      ml were studied for 104 weeks. Patients with normal phenotypes, types 2,3, and 4,
      were given 5 gm three times daily and experienced an average drop of 40 mg/100 ml
      (14%). While patients with types 2,3, and 4 hyperlipidemia responded effectively,
      cholesterol levels in type 2 patients dropped earliest and most consistently with
      an average decrease of 58 mg/100 ml (19%). A comparable group of patients with
      hyperlipidemia taking placebo showed on average no change in serum cholesterol.
      Serum triglyceride values were not altered significantly. The resin is not
      absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and produces a slight increase in fecal
      volume. Results of chemistries, enzyme assays, prothrombin times, hematology, and
      urinalysis and body weights wer unaltered. There was no evidence of lithogenic
      bile production. Colestipol is a tasteless and ordorless copolymer with high
      acceptability. Side effects were limited to occasional bloating, gas, and
      constipation. The drug is a safe, effective, palatable hypolipedmic agent.

PMID- 1091002
TI  - Primary prevention of atherosclerosis: a challenge to the physician caring for
      children.
AB  - This review article stresses the importance of prevention in the reduction of the
      incidence of artherosclerotic disease, especially coronary heart disease.
      Evidence accumulated from autopsy studies, animal experimentation, and long-term
      epidemiologic studies supports the concept that atherosclerosis has its inception
      in childhood. Adult programs designed to change life styles and attitudes or
      reverse morphologic changes appear doomed to failure. Therefore, if nutritional,
      physical activity, and smoking habits are to be altered, it is essential to begin
      these efforts in infancy and childhood.

PMID- 1091003
TI  - Primary prevention of atherosclerosis: nutritional aspects.
AB  - The changes suggested for reducing consumption of calories, cholesterol, and
      sodium are not radical but sensible. These modifications are nutritionally sound
      suggestions which will lead to the development of good dietary habits which may
      be continued throughout life. Hopefully, this will prevent the child from
      entering adulthood with habits inappropriate for longevity and subsequently
      having to face the extremely difficult task of changing well-established habits.

PMID- 1091004
TI  - Salmonella empyema and Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - Bilateral Salmonella empyema was diagnosed in a 34-year old woman with active
      stage IV-B Hodgkin's disease and marked depression of immunologic function.
      Factors which might have predisposed to her infectious complication are
      discussed. The patient's dramatic response to treatment is stressed.

PMID- 1091005
TI  - [In memoriam Boris Rajewsky].

PMID- 1091006
TI  - [Method for plastic surgery of the small intestine after the resection of the
      esophagus and proximal portion of the stomach for cancer].

PMID- 1091007
TI  - [Esophageal perforation].

PMID- 1091008
TI  - [In memory of Antonin Stanek, M.D].

PMID- 1091009
TI  - [The 50th birthday of Head Physician Ivan Romanek].

PMID- 1091010
TI  - [An old time thus ends beautifully in peaceful retirement (Martha Ohqvist)].

PMID- 1091011
TI  - Modern approach to the diagnosis of anaerobic surgical sepsis.
AB  - Oxygen-sensitive anaerobic bacteria comprise the largest group of organisms among
      the human endogenous microflora. The oral cavity, the vagina, and the colon are
      the areas of the human body where the obligate anaerobes are predominant and can
      be isolated in very high numbers. Sepsis following surgery of any of these organs
      is frequently due to the escape of these endogenous bacteria during the course of
      the operative procedure. To enable the isolation and successful identification of
      most of these anaerobic microorganisms from clinical exudate, special collection
      and bacteriologic techniques are necessary. The acceptable anaerobic collection
      techniques have been reviewed in this paper. All of these techniques minimize the
      exposure of the clinical specimen to atmospheric oxygen during collection and
      transfer. The modern equipment used in sophisticated anaerobic bacteriologic
      workup has been discussed. Clinical clues that indicate anaerobic sepsis include
      a putrid odor of the exudate and evidence of abscess, necrosis, or associated gas
      formation. The importance and value of the gram-stain in the early identification
      of surgical sepsis has been stressed.

PMID- 1091012
TI  - The Cushing--Dandy controversy.

PMID- 1091013
TI  - [Clinical studies on carindacillin in urinary tract infections].

PMID- 1091014
TI  - [50 years physician in the high mountains].

PMID- 1091015
TI  - [Antibacterial treatment and infection following prostate surgery].

PMID- 1091016
TI  - Erik Jorpes. 1894-1973.

PMID- 1091017
TI  - Heparin in burns. Dose related and dose dependent effects.

PMID- 1091018
TI  - Effect of heparin on platelet function.

PMID- 1091019
TI  - Platelet heparin-neutralizing factor (platelet factor 4).
AB  - The heparin-neutralizing platelet factor (PF4) is released from platelets under
      the influence of inducers of aggregation and nucleotide-release in the form of a
      high-molecular weight complex. The heparin-neutralizing activity is carried by a
      basic protein of molecular weight 29,700, four of which combine with a
      proteoglycan carrier, which in turn consists of 4 chondroitin sulfate A residues
      and a peptide moiety.

PMID- 1091020
TI  - Antilipemic action of heparin.

PMID- 1091021
TI  - Heparin assay methods for control of in vivo heparin effects.

PMID- 1091022
TI  - Low dose heparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism. Rationale and
      results.

PMID- 1091023
TI  - Conventional uses of heparin.

PMID- 1091024
TI  - [An new point of view of the basis of restitution after injuries of the central
      nervous system].

PMID- 1091025
TI  - A direct visualisation of helicoidal architecture in Carcinus maenas and
      Halocynthia papillosa by scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - The test of the Tunicate Halocynthia papillosa is shown to have a laminate
      organization. Three properties of a helicoidal model can be directly observed:
      (1) Fibres in each lamina run parallel. (2) Fibres in adjacent laminae run at an
      angle. (3) In oblique section, discontinuous parabolic arcs made up of straight
      lengths of fibre from succeeding laminae are observed. These properties are
      confirmed in the cuticle of Carcinus maenas and the relationship of the pore
      canals to the laminar organization is discussed. It is shown by matching light
      and electron micrographs that the 'macrofibres' of recent workers are displaced
      pore canal tubules.

PMID- 1091026
TI  - On the ultrastructure and permeability of taste buds of the marine teleost
      Ciliata mustela.
AB  - The abundant taste buds of the barbels and free fin rays of the five bearded
      rockling, Ciliata mustela contain an average of 100-150 cells, falling into two
      types. Tubule-containing cells ('t-cells'), tentatively identified as receptor
      cells, and each surrounded by fibril-containing cells ('f-cells') in the central
      part of the bud. t-Cells also occur in two concentric shells separated by
      indifferent epithelial cells at the periphery of the bud. f-Cells are
      characterized by their concentrations of fine fibrils, and by granules or
      vesicles of 180-190 mmu diameter. The 100 or so receptor cells in a taste bud are
      innervated by some 250 axons. Lanthanum penetrates more deeply into the
      extracellular space of taste buds than into the extracellular space of the
      general epithelium, perhaps indicating that a greater area than the mere
      protruding tip of receptor cells may be accessible to chemical stimulation.
      Degenerating cells may provide an important route of entry for such external
      agents.

PMID- 1091027
TI  - [The location and proper extension of the flanges of full dentures].

PMID- 1091028
TI  - Cyanide-insensitive respiration. An alternative mitochondrial pathway.

PMID- 1091029
TI  - The renal effect of intravenous adenine in humans.
AB  - The purine base, adenine, improves the posttransfusion viability of liquid stored
      blood. However, adenine in high doses may cause kidney damage becuase of the
      precipitation in renal tubules of its incoluble metabolite, 2,8-dioxyadenine.
      Adenine is not licensed for use in the United States because it may be
      nephrotoxic. In a controlled, randomized, double-blind study, eight human
      subjects received 10 mg/kg of adenine infused intravenously over one hour, four
      subjects received 5 mg/kg, and four subjects received no adenine. Renal function
      tests were performed on each subject before adenine infusion and one day and one
      week following the infusion. Tests included an assessment of glomerular function
      (serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, protein excretion), proximal tubular
      function (amino acid and glucose excretion), and distal tubular function (maximal
      acidifying and concentrating ability). Plasma and urine levels of adenine and 2,8
      dioxyadenine were measured. Renal function tests showed no evidence of kidney
      damage secondary to adenine.

PMID- 1091030
TI  - A computerized system for the selection of organ transplant recipients.
AB  - The Southeastern Regional Organ Procurement Program has developed a computerized
      system for the selection of organ transplant recipients.  This system has proven
      to be a useful method for the rapid selection of histocompatible recipients for
      organ transplants from a large pool of potential recipients in a wide
      geographical area.  In addition, the system provides a readily accessible source
      of data that can be used to analyze the relationship between histocompatibility
      and transplant survival.

PMID- 1091031
TI  - Detergent solubilisation of baboon histocompatibility antigens and their use in
      prolonging liver allograft survival.
AB  - Histocompatibility antigens have been solubilised from baboon spleen cell
      membranes by brief exposure to sodium deoxycholate (DOC).  Preparations contained
      a high molecular weight species (DOCH-Ag) excluded by Sephadex G-200, and a low
      molecular weight species (DOCL-Ag) which eluted in the included fraction
      (molecular weight 46,000).  The low molecular weight antigen was stable and was
      not sedimented by high speed centrifugation even after dialysis against a low
      molar salt solution.  It elicited a delayed-type hypersensitivity response in
      sensitised baboons but not in normal animals.  DOCL-Ag cultured in vitro with
      sensitised allogeneic lymphocytes produced a 1.3- to 24.9-fold stimulation,
      whereas when cultured with normal lymphocytes the maximum stimulation index was
      2.  Intravenous administration of donor DOCL-Ag (2 mg/kg) at the time of
      transplantation and without additional immunosuppression significantly prolonged
      the mean survival time of baboon liver allografts.  The same treatment with donor
      DOCH-Ag did not prolong graft survival.

PMID- 1091032
TI  - Prolonged survival of rabbit skin and kidney allografts following donor treatment
      with cytosine arabinoside.

PMID- 1091033
TI  - Prolongation of liver allograft survival by donor-specific soluble
      transplantation antigens and antigen-antibody complexes.
AB  - Soluble transplantation antigens were prepared from chacma baboon spleen cell
      membranes by a modified 3 M KCl technique.  The extracts were soluble according
      to usually accepted criteria.  Molecular weight was 37,700 daltons.  Antigenicity
      was confirmed by inhibition of cytotoxicity of alloantibody.  The antigens
      stimulated sensitized lymphocytes in culture but failed to stimulate unsensitized
      lymphocytes.  Antigen-antibody complexes were assembled in vitro in the regions
      of equivalence and marked antigen excess.  Administration of a single dose of
      soluble donor antigen at the time of orthotopic liver allotransplantation
      prolonged graft survival significantly.  Concomitant administration of a
      polyspecific alloantibody, previously shown to prolong baboon liver allograft
      survival, abrogated the graft prolongation produced by the antigen or antibody
      given alone.  When the administration of the soluble antigen was preceded by a
      dose of cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg), graft prolongation was slightly curtailed.
      Antecedent administration of azathioprine and prednisolone for 3 days seemed to
      render the antigen immunogenic in that liver allograft rejection was accelerated.
      Antigen-antibody complexes at equivalence prolonged liver allograft survival
      beyond that seen with antigen alone, but complexes in marked antigen excess were
      immunogenic, inasmuch as graft survival was not prolonged and the histological
      features were those of accelerated rejection.

PMID- 1091034
TI  - Activated macrophages as cytotoxic effector cells. II. Requirement for local
      persistence of inducing antigen.

PMID- 1091035
TI  - The effects of pregnancy on the immunological competence of congenitally athymic
      (nude) mice.

PMID- 1091036
TI  - Evidence of cytotoxic T and B immunoblasts in the thoracic duct of rats bearing
      tumour grafts.
AB  - Wistar rats were immunised with allogeneic or xenogeneic tumour before collection
      of their thoracic duct lymph. Specifically cytotoxic effector cells were found in
      the lymph between 3 and 8 days after immunisation, and their occurrence coincided
      with an increased number of immunoblasts in the lymphocyte population. The immune
      response in lymph to allogeneic cells appeared to be affected solely by
      radiosensitive thymus-dependent lymphocytes; no complement-dependent killing was
      evident and cytotoxic cells failed to appear when immunised animals were deprived
      of thymus-dependent lymphocytes. In contrast, the response to immunisation with
      xenogeneic cells elicited both complement-dependent and complement-independent
      cytotoxicity, but only the former could be detected in animals deprived of thymus
      dependent lymphocytes. In normal animals and in animals deprived of thymus
      dependent cells, the cytotoxic cells in the thoracic duct lymph appeared to be
      large lymphocytes or immunoblasts.

PMID- 1091037
TI  - Studies on the specific suppression of renal allograft rejection in presensitised
      rats. Theoretical and clinical implications.
AB  - DA and Lewis rats were sensitised by two (DA times Lewis)F1 skin allografts 6
      weeks apart and were given a (DA times Lewis)F1 renal allograft 4 weeks after the
      second skin allograft. Passive enhancement was tbsted in both strain
      combinations, the (DA times Lewis)F1 to DA model representing the weaker
      histocompatibility barrier as judged by renal allograft rejection. Passive
      enhancemnt was much less effective in the sensitised weaker model and was
      sometimes virtually ineffective in the sensitised stronger model. The powerful
      combination of antilymphocyte serum and enhancing serum could only delay but not
      prevent rejection in the latter model. Thus, the avoidance of sensitisation might
      be of critical importance for the clinical applicability of passive enhancement.
      Furthermore, it was shown that a sensitised cellular immune system is susceptible
      to specific immunosuppression, but the result depends on the strain combination
      used and whether the test graft is skin or kidney. A hypothesis is presented to
      explain the basis for the difference in strength of different histocompatibility
      barriers and also the differences between skin and kidney allograft rejection,
      based on the affinity of surface receptors of lymphocytes for histocompatibility
      antigens. It was also shown that sensitisation to minor histocompatibility
      antigens in the Ag-B-compatible AS to Lewis combination led to fierce rejection
      of a subsequent renal allograft, which was not rejected by the nonsensitised
      recipient.

PMID- 1091038
TI  - Prolongation of allogeneic heart graft survival in the rat after implantation on
      portal vein.
AB  - In rats, heart allografts with venous drainage via the portal vein were performed
      and compared with similar grafts draining into the inferior vena cava. A new
      technique was developed using the complete thoracic descending aorta and ligation
      of all its branches. The descending thoracic aorta was anastomosed to the
      recipient's abdominal aorta below the left renal vein. The pulmonary artery was
      implanted on the portal vein in an end to side fashion. In two rat strain
      combinations the allograft survival time was significantly prolonged when
      compared to that of the control grafts with pulmonary-caval anastomosis. The
      presumed mechanism for this prolonged graft survival might be the sequestration
      or degradation of transplantation antigens in the liver during their first
      passage through this organ. In this way only a small amount of antigen reaches
      the systemic circulation.

PMID- 1091039
TI  - Cardiac heterotransplantation. Morphological and immunohistological studies.
AB  - A vascularized heterograft model using outbred strains of animals was developed
      by transplanting mouse hearts heterotopically into rats. With this species
      desparity rapid but not immediate graft rejection was observed, with a
      predictably narrow range of graft survival times. Morphological and
      immunohistological studies showed early deposition of fibrinogen and vascular and
      myocardial inflammation without prominent or consistent localization of either
      IgG or C3. Later more extensive changes were observed, and deposition of IgG and
      C3 were more prominent in the grafts. Pretreatment of the recipient with
      cyclophosphamide alone or cyclophosphamide plus antigen prolonged graft survival;
      however, no statistically significant difference was noted between these groups.
      Morphological and immunohistological alterations preceded clinical rejection, and
      tissue injury appeared to be mediated by humoral and cellular immune mechanisms
      and by the coagulation system. This model is potentially useful for the study of
      heterotransplantation.

PMID- 1091040
TI  - Immunological enhancement of skin allografts in the rat. Role of vascular and
      lymphatic reconstitution.
AB  - Four skin graft models are created which vary in the rates of lymphatic and
      vascular reconstitution. Rat allografts (Brown Norway or (L times BN)F1 hybrid)
      transplanted to Lewis recipients by conventional (immediate lymphatic, delayed
      vascular), surgical anastomosis (immediate lymphatic, immediate vascular) or
      isolated anastomosis (delayed lymphatic, immediate vascular) techniques have
      similar mean survival times (7.8 days). Grafts placed on an isolated recipient
      pedicle (delayed lymphatic, delayed vascular) double the mean survival time to
      15.6 days. Treatment with alloimmune serum, able to indefinitely prolong survival
      of similarly mismatched renal grafts, prolongs only isolated anastomosed grafts.
      In contrast, cyclophosphamide treatment prolongs survival of all groups. These
      results suggest, first, that both vascular and lymphatic routes of sensitization
      are equally effective and, second, that immunological enhancement requires either
      prompt vascular continuity or a persistent lack of lymphatic reconstitution.

PMID- 1091041
TI  - A modified rosette inhibition test in renal allotransplantation.
AB  - The rosette inhibition test, with a modification of the technique which enables
      highly accurate marking of T lymphocytes, has been employed in the followup of 55
      renal transplant patients. The minimal inhibitory concentration of antilymphocyte
      globulin (that is, that concentration of antilymphocyte globulin causing 25%
      inhibition of rosette formation) was higher than 1:16,000 in 63 (97%) of 65
      separate determinations made during acute rejection episodes, and lower than
      1:16,000 in 377 (92%) of 410 determinations after which no clinical evidence of
      rejection developed. The results presented in this paper indicate that this
      modified test is a useful tool either to predict the occurrence of or to confirm
      the diagnosis of rejection.

PMID- 1091042
TI  - Pancreas rejection in combined pancreaticoduodenal and renal allotransplantation
      in man.

PMID- 1091043
TI  - Characteristics of histocompatibility barriers in congenic strains of mice. III.
      Passive enhancement of skin allografts in X-irradiated hosts.
AB  - Passive immunological enhancement of skin allografts was investigated in three
      donor-host combinations of congenic mice disparate at non-H-2 loci. Serum against
      the graft donor was derived from mice that had received donor strain lymphoid
      cells as neonates, and thereby were rendered specifically tolerant of a skin
      allograft. We refer to this serum as "allograft-tolerant" serum. Each strain
      combination was chosen to provide only two non-H-2 histoincompatibilities present
      in the donor and absent in the host. The differences are categorized as
      immunogenetically strong, moderate, or weak, on the basis of skin allograft
      survival times. With passively administered allograft-tolerant serum
      significantly prolonged graft survivals were noted for the weakest combination
      only. Combined treatment with sublethal X-irradiation and allograft-tolerant
      serum signigicantly prolonged graft survivals were noted for the weakest
      combination only. Combined treatment with sublethal X-irradiation and allograft
      tolerant serum significantly prolonged graft survival in both the moderate and
      weak combinations, with the largest effect present in the weakest disparity. A
      hyperimmune alloantiserum (produced in adults) directed against the graft donor
      prolonged allograft survival in the strongest disparity when given in combination
      with irradiation. In this combination, graft survival time was increased in hosts
      exposed to X-ray alone, but joint treatment with X-ray and the alloantiserum gave
      the largest increment. In contrast, combined treatment with the serum and an
      antithymocyte alloantiserum did not affect graft survival times. Treatment with
      both radiation and antithymocyte serum did not prolong graft survival beyond that
      in mice given only X-radiation. Immunological enhancement with central inhibition
      is assumed as the mechanism underlying prolonged graft survival, and it is
      suggested that a population of thymus-derived "killer" cells, sensitive to X
      irradiation, is required for normal graft rejection.

PMID- 1091044
TI  - Adrenocorticosteroids in lupus nephritis.

PMID- 1091045
TI  - Corticosteroids in organ preservation.
AB  - 1. Glucocorticoids have been empirically employed during perfusion preservation
      of transplantable organs. 2. Use of corticosteroids in organ preservation is
      based on their pharmocologic binding of released lysosomal enzymes, as membrane
      stabilizers, peripheral vasodilators, and inhibitors of the inflammatory
      response. 3. The incidence post-transplant of ATN in cadaveric kidney
      preservation by pulsa-tile perfusion has been reduced from 57% to 18% when the
      donor was protected with large doses of M-P. 4. There is sufficient clinical and
      laboratory evidence to substantiate the use of large doses of M-P given to the
      prospective donor as a protective agent against ischemic injury in organ
      recovery.

PMID- 1091046
TI  - The effects of steroids on T cells.

PMID- 1091047
TI  - Skin and renal rabbit allograft rejection following large pulse doses of
      methylprednisolone.

PMID- 1091048
TI  - The efficacy of bolus doses of intravenous methylprednisolone (MPIV) in the
      treatment of acute renal allograft rejection.

PMID- 1091049
TI  - Minimum steroid requirements in the late post-transplant period.

PMID- 1091050
TI  - Use of intravenous methylprednisolone in transplantation of diabetics.

PMID- 1091051
TI  - The clinical use of steroids in pancreatic transplantation.

PMID- 1091052
TI  - Corticosteroids in clinical and experimental lung transplantation.
AB  - Lung allograft rejection can usually be diagnosed by the appearance of
      infiltrates on plain chest roentgenograms when these are interpreted in the light
      of other clinical and bacteriologic information. Large pulsed intravenous doses
      of methylprednisolone were usually effective in reversing lung allograft
      rejection that occurred in immunosuppressed dogs. In 10 of 15 animals the
      presence of moderate to severe rejection and its effective reversal with
      treatment were documented with roentgenograms and histologic sections. This
      ability to reverse the manifestations of lung allograft rejection, when they
      occur, has helped in the management of human lung allograft recipients.

PMID- 1091053
TI  - [Apparatus for automatic recording of the intensity of ultraviolet fluorescence
      from individual cells].
AB  - The device enables to examine about 40 000--60 000 cells per min. The results are
      presented by the distribution curves of the ultraviolet fluorescence intensity.

PMID- 1091054
TI  - Case study using simultaneous bladder pressure and urine loss measurements.
AB  - Using an "electronic nappy" of improved design and a miniature pressure manometer
      of the strain-gauge type mounted at the tip of a catheter, the case of a patient
      with spina bifida and a large lipoma has been investigated. Some retention
      exists, but areas on the lipoma surface can be touched lightly, causing an
      increase in bladder pressure with subsequent voiding as measured by the nappy.
      Investigations of the same area by electrical stimulation produced rises in
      bladder pressure sustained for only a few seconds, as in the case of manual
      stimulation. Local anaesthetic in the "trigger" area prevented bladder pressure
      changes and urine loss, but triggering returned as the anaesthetic wore off.

PMID- 1091055
TI  - Mechanisms of urinary incontinence in peripheral neurogenic lesions.

PMID- 1091056
TI  - [Congenital bulbular urethral constrictures. Pathogenesis and treatment of
      diseases of the bladder neck and urogenital border regions(author's transl)].
AB  - This paper is a survey of the literature concerning diseases of the bladder neck,
      posterior urethra and the urogenital border region. Urethrographic, uroflowmetric
      and urethrocystoscopic examinations of more than 200 patients ranging in age from
      one day to over 70 years demonstrated a clear-cut bulbular urethral constricture
      in this broad-spectrum disease picture. Its a congenital appearance is explained
      embryologically. A case analysis allows for classification based on the
      functional value of the urethral constricture. Diseases of as yet unexplained
      etiology such as Marion's disease, bladder neck sclerosis, urethral valves and
      chronic prostatitis-prostatopathy are clarified, based on the demonstrated
      urodynamics.

PMID- 1091057
TI  - [Surgical treatment of urinary incontinence during stress in women].

PMID- 1091058
TI  - [Academician Theodor Burghele (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1091059
TI  - [Historic victory of the Soviet nation (on the 30th anniversary of ending of the
      Great Patriotic War with Fascist Germany].

PMID- 1091060
TI  - [Certain problems of supravesical urinary diversion].

PMID- 1091061
TI  - [New methods of diagnosis of urologic diseases (survey of the foreign
      literature)].

PMID- 1091062
TI  - [Petr Dmitrievich Solovov (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 1091063
TI  - Late ureteropelvic necrosis after transplantation.
AB  - Total ureteropelvic necrosis of the transplanted kidney occurred more than one
      month after transplantation in 5 of 575 consecutive renal transplants performed
      at the University of Minnesota Hospital since 1963. Necrosis became evident long
      after normal renal function had been established. Histologic signs of rejection
      were minimal, but perinephric or periureteral hematomas were found in 3 of 5
      patients: post-transplant acute tubular necorsis requiring hemodialysis occurred
      in all. The pathogenesis of this complication probably involves (1) a primary
      deficit of blood supply from the renal vessels to the pelvis and ureter, (2) a
      failure to develop a new ureteral blood supply because of surrounding hematoma,
      (3) early swelling of the ischemic ureter resulting in oliguria interpreted as
      acute tubular necrosis, (4) resolution of edema resulting in diuresis, and (5)
      late patchy ureteral necrosis and fistula formation due to ureteral ischemia.

PMID- 1091065
TI  - Use of procine zenografts in treatment of Fournier's gangrene.
AB  - The use of procine xenografts as a biologic dressing has become increasingly
      popular, particularly in cases of extensive tissue loss, as in severe thermal
      injuries. It not only minimizes protein and fluid loss, acts as a barrier to
      infection, but also prevents conversion of second-degree burns through its
      ability to control existing infection. In this case, it was used successfully to
      treat Fournier's gangrene. We believe it significantly eased and shortened the
      patient's hospital stay and enabled us to apply autogenous split thickness skin
      grafts sooner than with conventional modes of wound care.

PMID- 1091064
TI  - Ex vivo renal perfusion and autotransplantation in treatment of calculous disease
      or abdominal aortic aneurysm.

PMID- 1091066
TI  - Calyceal diverticulum rapidly progressing to renal abscess.

PMID- 1091067
TI  - Complete duplication of urethra.
AB  - Complete duplication of the urethra with a single bladder is an exceptional
      finding. The anomalous urethral canal originates from the bladder separately,
      runs parallel and usually dorsal to the normally situated urethra, and opens on
      the dorsum of the penis. To our knowledge there are 41 reported cases of this
      anomaly. We present 2 cases of complete urethral duplication originating from a
      single bladder, one in a male patient and the other in a female. It is concluded
      that conservative therapy is the treatment of choice, and that surgery should be
      reserved for incontinent patients only. The complications of surgery have been
      emphasized.

PMID- 1091068
TI  - A history of surgical treatment of impotence.

PMID- 1091070
TI  - [Viktor Leonidovich Bogoliubov (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 1091069
TI  - [Comprative evaluation of the immediate results of gastrectomy with different
      types of esophago-intestinal anastomosis].
AB  - Using the experience with 207 gastrectomies the author presents an analysis of a
      dependence of incompetency of enteroesophageal anastomosis sutures on the
      operative approach, extent of surgery, method of enteroesophagostomy, number of
      suture rows. The author's data evidence that incompetency of anastomosis sutures
      in gastrectomy is the principal cause of mortality in the postoperative period.
      The mortality due to suture incompetency while using a thoracoabdominal access is
      considerably higher than in transabdominal approach. The Sapozhnikov-Judin
      technic yields the least per cent of anastomotic suture incompetency (2%),
      whereas the Gilyarovich method--the highest (18.7%). The use of three-row sutures
      in formation of the anastomosis decreases twice the percent of suture
      incompetency. Extension of gastrectomy to a combined one does not increase the
      percentage of suture incompetency. Constant improvement of the Sapozhnikov-Judin
      method might permit to reduce to a minimum the anastomosis suture incompetency in
      gastrectomy.

PMID- 1091071
TI  - [Ultraselective vagotomy of the stomach (survey of the foreign literature)].

PMID- 1091072
TI  - [Alexis Carrel and his contribution to surgery and transplantology].

PMID- 1091073
TI  - [Pancreatic cysts and their surgical treatment].

PMID- 1091074
TI  - [Selection of pancreato-intestinal anastomosis in pancreatoduodenal resection].
AB  - 41 pancreatoduodenal resections with 11 lethal issues (26.8 plus or minus 7%)
      were analysed. In 21 cases an end-to-end pancreatointestinal anastomosis was
      employed, in 12 cases an end-to-side one with peritonization of a suture line
      with the jejunal wall after the A. A. Shalimov technic, but in 8 cases- the
      technic of pancreatojejunostomy elaborated by the author, an end-to-end side type
      enveloping the anastomosis with a cecal segment of the jejunum. This method of
      peritonization does not impede passage of the intestinal content, thus rendering
      unnecessary the production of enteroenterostomy. Suture divergency of the end-to
      end pancreatointestinal anastomosis was noted postoperatively in 6 of 21 patients
      (28.6 plus or minus 10%). Whereas, among 20 pancreatojejunostomies with
      peritonization of sutures by the jejunal wall after the A. A. Shalimov technic or
      in the author's modification this complication was noted only in 2 cases (10 plus
      or minus 7%).

PMID- 1091075
TI  - [Results of treatment of primary bone neoplasms of the sacrococcygeal region].
AB  - In the clinic 53 patients with primary bone tumors of the sacrococcygeal region
      and sacroiliac junctions were observed. Surgical methods of treatment were used
      in 33, combined--in 7, radiation therapy--in 10, drug therapy--in 3. Recurrences
      developed in 7 cases, metastases were revealed in 14. The results of treatment in
      patients with neoplasms in this region were studied. Twenty five patients died
      from generalization of the process, metastases, intestinal obstruction and
      uremia. The remaining 28 patients have been followed up within the terms from 1
      to 5 years and longer.

PMID- 1091076
TI  - [Results of bone homoplasty in ununited fractures, pseudarthroses and defects of
      the long tumular bones].
AB  - In the article, observations on application of bone homoplasty in 99 patients
      with unhealing fractures, pseudarthrosis and defects of long tumular bones are
      described. Homoplasty per se was performed in 22 cases, in combination with
      autoplasty--in 3, with metallic osteosynthesis--in 74. Tubular homografts were
      used in 14 cases, grafts in a kind of cortical plates--in 85. Postoperatively,
      the patients were followed within the terms up to 5 years. In 88 cases the
      results of surgery were satisfactory, in 11--poor. An analysis of the material
      concerned have shown that issues of bone homoplasty are greatly effected by the
      character of the graft, surgical technic and the state of a recipient bed.

PMID- 1091077
TI  - [Correction of the postburn deformity of the left breast].

PMID- 1091078
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy in ruminants.

PMID- 1091079
TI  - Antimicrobial therapy in swine.

PMID- 1091080
TI  - Actions of antimicrobial drugs in combination.

PMID- 1091081
TI  - Factors influencing occurrence of colibacillosis in calves.
AB  - This investigation describes some of the husbandry factors influencing the
      occurrence of colibacillosis in calves. Diarrhoea and mortality were usually
      associated with an increase in the proportion of "pathogenic" to total E coli to
      about 50 per cent in the faeces although there were occasions when the proportion
      of "pathogenic" E coli increased but no disease occurred. These increases often
      followed changes of diet which appeared to be more important than environmental
      conditions. The use of uncontaminated houses to break the cycle of infection
      appeared to have the greatest influence on the disease pattern.

PMID- 1091082
TI  - Chromosomes of cattle: present clinical status and promise.
AB  - Current information on cytogenetics in veterinary medicine is presented as a
      resume for the veterinarian in cattle practice; previous reviews of the subject
      are recorded. The literature depicting the recognised chromosome abnormalities in
      cattle is breifly reviewed. It is suggested that chromosome screening already has
      a role to play in the economics of cattle production.

PMID- 1091083
TI  - A case of caesarian section in the mare.

PMID- 1091084
TI  - Aspergillus infection of the nasal cavity of the dog: diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1091085
TI  - Escherichia coli infections in piglets: pathogenesis, virulence and vaccination.

PMID- 1091086
TI  - The epidemiology and control of bovine fascioliasis.

PMID- 1091087
TI  - [Life and death of Vaclav Benes Trebizsky (Feb 27, 1849-Jun 20, 1884)].

PMID- 1091088
TI  - [Hematopoietic stem cells in peripheral blood].

PMID- 1091089
TI  - [Specific binding of progesterone to the proteins of human endometrial cells].
AB  - A specific complex of protein-receptor with hormone, which had a sedimentation
      coefficient 3.8S, was formed in cell nuclei on incubation of endometrial tissue
      from pregnant woman with 3H-progestrone at 37 degrees C in vitro. In cell
      cytoplasm of endometrium the progesterone-protein complex was observed which
      sedimented at 6.8S and 4.2S. Progesterone was accumulated mainly in nuclei; lower
      concentrations of the hormone were found in cell cytoplasm of endometrium.
      Fractions of mitochondria, microsomes and ribosomes also bound the hormone but
      less distinct as compared with the nuclei. The formation of cytoplasmic complex
      of progesterone with protein-receptor occurred on incubation of endometrial
      cytoplasmic fraction with 3h-progesterone at 4 degrees C.

PMID- 1091090
TI  - [Metabolic stability of the protein-synthesizing system of the myocardium in
      compensatory cardiac hyperfunction in actinomycin D block of RNA synthesis].
AB  - Under conditions of complete actinomycin block in rat heart muscle an inhibition
      of protein synthesis and dissociation of myocardial polyribosome structures were
      observed (half-life was equal to 6.5 hrs). In compensatory hyperfunction of heart
      muscle, caused by stenosis of aorta, the inhibitory effect of actinomycin D on
      the protein synthesis was manifested earlier than in control and was exhibited
      more distinctly. In myocardium under compensatory hyperfunction of heart muscle
      the protein synthesis was decreased by 50% within 4 hrs after administration of
      actinomycin into animals and it was completely inhibited within 10 hrs after the
      antibiotic administration. The alteration in stability of polyritobosomes under
      compensatory hyperfunction of heart muscle was specific for myocardium and was
      not observed in liver tissue.

PMID- 1091091
TI  - [Academician V. A. Engel'gardt (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 1091092
TI  - [Noncoagulative catabolism of fibrinogen].
AB  - In catabolism of fibrinogen a function of Cupfer endothelial cells isolated from
      dog and rabbit liver tissue, was studied. In lysosomal-mitochondrial fraction of
      Cupfer cells and activator of plasminogen was found. Proteolytic and esterase
      (hydrolysis of benzoyll-agronine methyl ester) activities were the most typical
      for lysosomal-mitochondril and supernatant fractions of Cupfer cells. The
      enzymatic hydrolysis of fibrinogen was not observed in cytoplasmic matrix. The
      data obtained suggest that under the physiological conditions non-coagulational
      catabolism of fibrinogen occurred mainly intracellularly.

PMID- 1091093
TI  - [Blood proteolytic enzyme inhibitors and their clinical study].
AB  - Data on biochemistry, physiological significance and clinical investigations of
      two main inhibitors of proteinases in human blood serum (alpha 1-antitrypsin and
      alpha 2-macroglobulin) are reviewed. Physico-chemical properties of the
      inhibitors, mechanisms of their interaction with proteinases and methods for
      determination are discussed. Modification of the specificity of some proteinases
      by alpha 2-macroglobulin, which probably plays a significant role in the
      regulation of enzymatic systems of proteolysis in blood, is considered. The use
      of the inhibitors of proteolysis for diagnostics of pathological processes is
      discussed. Data on the alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and its relation to the
      development of degenerative diseases in lungs are reviewed.

PMID- 1091094
TI  - [Stereotaxic clipping of cerebral arterial aneurysms].

PMID- 1091095
TI  - [Neurosurgical anatomy of the zona incerta applicable to subthalamotomy].

PMID- 1091096
TI  - [Prospects for the development and utilization of electronic computing technics
      and their use in medicine].

PMID- 1091097
TI  - [Extrapulmonary approach to esophagus in a case of a foreign body].

PMID- 1091098
TI  - [Usefulness of strip tests Patho-Tec (Godecke) in bacteriological examinations].

PMID- 1091099
TI  - [The 75th birthday of Josef Konrad].

PMID- 1091100
TI  - [Napkin thrush clinical picture, mycology, histology, therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - A well-defined, characteristic disease has been observed in babies at the
      Department of Dermatology, Innsbruck University, over the past 7 years. On
      account of the localisation and probable pathogenesis of the condition the term
      "Windelsoor" (napkin thrush) has been coined by us for it. The clinical picture,
      the mycological and histological findings, the therapeutic results and the follow
      up are reported and the aetiology and pathogenesis of this disease discussed.

PMID- 1091101
TI  - [Comparison of the effectiveness of nystatin and amphotericin B in female genital
      mycoses].

PMID- 1091102
TI  - [In memoriam: Charlotte Hertig-Lang].

PMID- 1091103
TI  - [In memoriam Nurse Sina Hahlen].

PMID- 1091104
TI  - [Neuronal organization of masticatory reflexes].

PMID- 1091106
TI  - [Vincenc Bachdalek, M.D].

PMID- 1091105
TI  - [Mechanism of action of noradrenaline and adrenaline on the smooth muscle cells
      of blood vessels].

PMID- 1091107
TI  - [Medical workers during the 1905-1907 revolution (on the 70th anniversary of the
      first Russian revolution)].

PMID- 1091108
TI  - [Social-psychological characteristics of the student groups at a medical
      institute].

PMID- 1091109
TI  - [The role of genetic factors in the development of antibrain antibodies during
      stress (an experimental study of inbred strains of rats)].

PMID- 1091110
TI  - [The psychiatric views of Celsus].

PMID- 1091111
TI  - [Academician-Jaromir Grbek (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 1091112
TI  - [An analysis of 22 years' experience with the medicinal treatment of epilepsy].

PMID- 1091113
TI  - [Elucidations of "M. V. Sabashnikov's Recollections of V. Kh. Kandinskii"].

PMID- 1091114
TI  - [Mariia Vasil'evna Malakhova].

PMID- 1091115
TI  - [Academician Jano Cervenansky, born Jan 29, 1905].

PMID- 1091116
TI  - The measurement of hypothalamic releasing hormone content and activity in the
      unanaesthetized rat by means of carotid artery cannulation.
AB  - To gain insights into quantitative changes in hypothalamic substances which
      affect the function of the anterior hypophyseal lobe, we developed a technique
      for carotid cannulation allowing sequential measurements of plasma levels of an
      affected hormone after injection of such a factor. The principle involves the use
      of a previously cannulated rat in an unanaesthetized unstressed condition. The
      hypothalamic extract or LH-RH injected into the cannulas of such animals leads to
      rapid peaks of LH in peripheral blood removed from the same cannulas within 6 to
      8 min, followed by a slow decrease. At least 50% of the peak value is usually
      found within 3 min. The technique yields quantitatively reproducible results, and
      appears suitable for measuring relative potencies of test extracts against pure
      standards and, within as yet undetermined limits, for kinetic studies.

PMID- 1091117
TI  - Measurement of rat LH with a double-antibody solid-phase radioimmunoassay: effect
      of LH-RH and of testosterone oenanthate in castrated animals.
AB  - A double-antibody solid-phase radioimmunoassay for the measurement of rat LH was
      described. The use of a solid-phase method for the second incubation resulted in
      a considerable saving of time as compared to the conventional double-antibody
      method. The sensitivity and accuracy of the method were not affected by this
      modification. It was found that there was a cross-reaction between the NIAMD-anti
      rat-LH-serum-1 used and NIAMD-rat-FSH-RP-1. This indicates that the test system
      does not specifically measure rat LH but gonadotrophic activity. The RIA was
      tested under different experimental conditions. In male rats, the effect of
      castration and of subsequent treatment with testosterone oenanthate upon serum
      LH, and upon the weight of the seminal vesicles, the ventral prostate, and the
      levator ani, was examined. Serum LH rose rapidly after castration and reached 2
      to 4 weeks after orchidectomy a maximum (8-9 fold increase). Subsequent treatment
      with testosterone oenanthate caused a rapid decrease of serum LH. The accessory
      sex organs showed reciprocal changes of weight. In oophorectomized rats whose
      pituitaries had been blocked with oestradiol monobenzoate and progesterone, a
      linear log-dose response of plasma LH was found after administration of various
      doses of synthetic LH-RH.

PMID- 1091118
TI  - Studies on the inhibitory effect of somatostatin on glucose induced insulin
      release in the isolated perfused rat pancreas.
AB  - Somatostatin, the recently discovered growth hormone release-inhibiting hormone
      in the hypothalamus, also inhibited glucose induced insulin release from the
      isolated perfused rat pancreas. The lowest effective dose of somatostatin was 1
      ng/ml of perfusate. By increasing the dose to 100 ng/ml an almost complete
      inhibition of basal as well as stimulated insulin release was obtained. The
      inhibition of glucose stimulated insulin release mediated by somatostatin might
      be of competitive nature since somatostatin seemed to dislocate the glucose
      insulin dose-response curve to the right.

PMID- 1091119
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of somatostatin action on insulin release in man. I.
      Effect of blockade of alpha-adrenergic receptors.
AB  - The present studies have demonstrated that the growth hormone releaseinhibiting
      factor of the hypothalamus, somatostatin, exerts a prominent inhibiting action on
      glucose induced insulin release in man. This inhibition of insulin release could
      not be reversed by infusion of the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent, phentolamine.
      Our findings therefore suggest that the inhibiting effect of somatostatin on
      glucose induced insulin release is not mediated by the alpha-adrenergic
      receptors.

PMID- 1091120
TI  - Insulin components released by the normal and subtotal degranulated perifused
      islets of Langerhans of the rat.
AB  - The insulin components released from normal and tolbutamide treated islets of the
      rat were studied in a perifusion system. The treated islets showed diminished
      quantities of insulin secreted as compared to the controls and an increase in the
      proportions of "big insulin" secreted during the second phase of this release. On
      the other hand, the main component of insulin released during the first phase was
      "little insulin". These studies confirm that the subtotally degranulated islets
      are less efficient than the controls in producing insulin release.

PMID- 1091121
TI  - Clinical conference: recurrent peptic ulcer for 17 years.

PMID- 1091122
TI  - Clinical and pharmacological evaluation of the effects of piribedil in patients
      with parkinsonism.
AB  - Nine patients with Parkinsonism were studied before and after treatment with
      piribedil, a dopamine-receptor stimulator. Piribedil appeared to have a slight
      anti-Parkinsonism effect upon bradykinesia, and possibly upon tremor, but did not
      improve rigidity. The chief toxic effects were drowsiness and confusion, and two
      patients experienced nausea. Changes in homovanillic acid in the cerebrospinal
      fluid indicated that the drug reduced the turnover of endogenous dopamine. In
      spite of this definite neuropharmacological action, no clear-cut associated
      clinical benefit was demonstrated. The significance of these findings is
      discussed.

PMID- 1091123
TI  - Plasma and erythrocyte magnesium levels in patients with primary affective
      disorder during chronic lithium treatment.
AB  - Plasma and erythrocyte magnesium concentrations were measured in 79 clinic
      outpatients who had histories of bipolar or unipolar primary affective disorder
      and who were being chronically treated with lithium carbonate (60 patients) or
      placebo (19 patients). Although slight differences in the mean concentration of
      magnesium in plasma and erythrocytes were noted with lithium treatment,
      diagnosis, and sex, the differences overall failed to achieve statistical
      significance. In contrast to prior reports demonstrating increases in plasma
      magnesium during acute lithium carbonate treatment of affectively ill patients,
      these data suggest that the pre-lithium steady state is achieved during chronic
      lithium treatment.

PMID- 1091124
TI  - A comparative trail of fluphenazine decanoate and flupenthixol decanoate.
AB  - A double-blind cross-over study is reported which compares the antipsychotic
      properties and the side effects of depot flupenthixol with fluphenazine decanoate
      in chronic schizophrenic inpatients. Special emphasis was laid on examining
      changes in the target symptoms of apathy/anergia and depression in which
      flupenthixol has been claimed to be particulary effective. No significant
      differences were found between treatments on schizophrenic symptoms, or as
      regards the extrapyramidal side effects produced by equipotent doses of the two
      drugs. Reasons for the essentially negative results are discussed against a
      background review of earlier optimistic studies of flupenthixol.

PMID- 1091125
TI  - Age-related changes of cells involved in immune responses.
AB  - The interaction between T- and B-lymphocytes in the immune response to sheep
      reythrocytes was revealed by estimating the direct plaque-forming cells in mice
      CMA of various age. Investigations with a transfer of cells to irradiated and
      intact recipients were performed. We found a 23-fold diminution of the immune
      response in mice aged 26-28 months, when compared with that in mice aged 8
      months. The first signs of a disturbed activity of the immune system were found
      in animals whose age did not exceed the half of their average lifespan. The
      injection of B-lymphocytes from young animals does not give rise to the immune
      response of old nonirradiated recipients. The injection of young b-lymphocytes to
      old irradiated recipients, being primed by antigen using Playfair's technique
      before irradiation, results in the highest response than it is in other
      combinations. The effect of disturbances in the interaction between  T- and B
      cells on the mechanism of age-related changes of the immune response is
      discussed.

PMID- 1091126
TI  - Functional capacity of neonatal mammalian myocardial cells during aging in tissue
      culture.

PMID- 1091127
TI  - Effect of clofibrate on progression of coronary disease: a prospective
      angiographic study in man.
AB  - Lowering blood lipids has been invoked as a means of controlling future coronary
      events.  In this prospective study, the effect of a lipid-reducing agent
      clofibrate (2 gm. daily) on extent of coronary artery disease was investigated. 
      Forty patients, 32 having aortocoronary bypass, six having Vineberg operations,
      two having neither, were placed double-blind in placebo (24 patients) and
      clofibrate (16 patients) groups, and restudied by selective coronary angiography
      one year later.  An additional 24 patients dropped from the study due to adverse
      drug reactions in eight.  Each patient's right, left, anterior descending, and
      circumflex coronary arteries (with their branches) were separately rated
      according to degree of obstruction.  The clofibrate group showed a significantly
      greater fall in triglyceride than did the placebo group (minus 13.7 per cent
      versus plus 2.3 per cent; p equal to 0.45).  In the clofibrate group, 19 out of
      64 coronary arteries (29.6 per cent) showed progressive coronary narrowing, not
      significantly different from the placebo group (24 out of 96 coronary arteries
      narrowed, 25 per cent; p equal to 0.26).  No significant differences between drug
      groups emerged when the data were corrected for degree of fall of blood lipids,
      initial lipoprotein type, or effect in bypassed versus nonbypassed vessels (p
      always greater than 0.2).  Regression of coronary artery disease was not seen. 
      We conclude that clofibrate did not significantly influence the rate of
      progression of coronary artery disease in a one-year period.

PMID- 1091128
TI  - Ultrasound in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease.
AB  - In addition to recording the motion of the mitral, tricuspid, aortic, and
      pulmonic valves, echocardiography can identify right and left ventricular
      cavities and the interventricular septum.  Disorders such as atrial-septal
      defect, valvular and subvalvular aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, Ebstein's
      anomaly of the tricuspid valve, and the hypoplastic left-heart syndrome can
      readily be evaluated by echocardiography.  In tetralogy of Fallot and truncus
      arteriosus, discontinuity between the anterior aortic wall and septum with
      overriding aorta has been demonstrated.  Doubleoutlet right ventricle is
      associated with posterior aortic wall and mitral valve discontinuity.  In
      disorders such as single ventricle, tricuspid atresia, and endocardial cushion
      defect with common A-V canal, echocardiographic demonstration of the absence of
      the interventricular septum has provided the clinician with valuable information.
      Newer techniques such as compound-B ultrasonography, which produces a two
      dimensional cross-sectional image of intracardiac structures, and multiscan
      echocardiography will enhance the use of conventional echocardiography by
      providing a more accurate anatomic display of cardiac chambers and outflow
      vessels.

PMID- 1091129
TI  - Electrophysiology and pharmacology of cardiac arrhythmias.  VI.  Cardiac effects
      of verapamil.
AB  - It is clear from clinical and experimental data that have been reported thus far
      that verapamil is highly effective in the therapy of cardiac arrhythmias, and
      that it acts by a different mechanism than most of the commonly used
      antiarrhythmic drugs.  The available clinical data indicate that on intravenous
      administration verapamil is as good as and perhaps superior to quinidine,
      procainamide and propranolol for the therapy of many atrial arrhythmias. 
      Unfortunately the extent to which it is useful as longterm prophylaxis has not
      yet been reported, nor has its toxicity during protracted oral administration. 
      The effects of verapamil on cardiac action potentials clearly indicate that it
      modifies the slow response to a much greater extent than the fast response. 
      Studies of cardiac tissues from diseased human atria have indicated that slow
      response action potentials occur frequently.  It is possible that such action
      potentials are responsible for the reentrant and automatic arrhythmias which
      occur in association with clinical cardiac disease.  Whether the efficacy of
      verapamil in the therapy of atrial arrhythmias is primarily due to abolishing
      slow response activity in diseased atrial tissues or to suppression of
      propagation through the atrioventricular node is uncertain.  However, it is
      likely that the therapeutic action of the drug may result from altered
      propagation of an arrhythmia through the atrioventricular junction as well as
      from the effects of the drug on diseased atrial and ventricular tissues.

PMID- 1091130
TI  - Effects of alpha-tocopherol acetate on the swimming endurance of trained
      swimmers.
AB  - Well-trained, competitive swimmers were divided into two groups. Group A was
      given 900 IU alpha-tocopherol acetate daily for 6 months while group B was given
      placebos. A swimming endurance test was given before the start of supplementation
      and after 1, 2, 5 and 6 months. No difference in swimmers' endurance was observed
      between the two groups during the 6-month period. There was also no difference in
      postexercise serum lactic acid levels. Younger, less well-trained, competitive
      swimmers were also divided into two groups. Group A received 900 IU alpha
      tocopherol acetate daily while group B received placebos. Swimming times for
      these swimmers were erratic, reflecting a lack of training. alpha-Tocopherol did
      not appear to have any effect on their swimming endurance.

PMID- 1091131
TI  - Physiology of the menstrual cycle.
AB  - Modern techniques of bioassay have permitted correlation of hormonal secretion
      with genital tissue changes during the normal menstrual cycle. During the
      follicular phase, estrogen secretion rises while other hormone levels are low. At
      ovulation luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone surges are
      associated with falling estrogen levels. Secretions of progesterone and estrogen
      again are characteristic of the luteal phase ending with menstruation.
      Gonadotrophin-releasing hormones are detectable just before the luteinizing
      hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone surges. Basal body temperature rises
      with ovulation and is still the most reliable clinical indicator, although
      ferning and spinnbarkeit (when present) are also quite helpful. Vaginal smears
      are probably less useful except in the hands of experienced observers.

PMID- 1091132
TI  - Oral contraceptive hormones, folate metabolism, and the cervical epithelium.
AB  - The currently available evidence concerning disorders of folate metabolism in
      women taking oral contraceptives has been reviewed. A disturbance in folate
      balance serious enough to cause symptoms (i.e., megaloblastic anemia) occurs very
      rarely. In some series, but not in others, serum and/or red cell folate
      concentrations have been reduced in oral contraceptive users. It is doubtful
      whether sex steroids affect polyglutamate folate absorption. About 20 percent of
      women taking contraceptive hormones manifest mild megaloblastic changes on
      Papanicolaou smears of the cervicovaginal epithelium which disappear after folic
      acid therapy. The current evidence, however, would not indicate that any
      significant benefit would ensue from routine folate supplementation in women on
      oral contraceptives.

PMID- 1091133
TI  - Adverse reactions, contraindications and complications of acupuncture and
      moxibustion.
AB  - This article discusses the various adverse reactions, contraindications and
      complications of employing acupuncture and moxibustion in therapy. A historical
      review of these phenomena is also presented, as well as a section on the side
      effects of auriculotherapy.

PMID- 1091134
TI  - The new and old diseases: A study of mortality trends in the United States, 1900
      1969. Ward Burdick Award address.

PMID- 1091135
TI  - Diagnosis of human rabies by the cornea test.
AB  - The second death due to rabies encephalitis occurring among American servicemen
      stationed in the Republic of Vietnam is reported. The clinical diagnosis was
      confirmed by performing the direct fluorescent antibody test for rabies on smears
      of corneal epithelial cells obtained on the second day of hospitalization. The
      reliability of various laboratory procedures in confirming the diagnosis of human
      rabies early in the course of clinical illness is discussed. The cornea test is a
      useful and rapid method of diagnosing human rabies prior to the development of
      significant serum antibody titers.

PMID- 1091136
TI  - Detection of bacteriuria by dip-slide. Routine use in a large general hospital.
AB  - The use of a dip-slide (Uricult) procedure for the culture of voided urine
      specimens in a large general hospital was found to give equivalent results to
      those obtained by conventional culture technics. There was a significant decrease
      in the number of unsatisfactory speciments that needed to be repeated. The dip
      slide procedure was readily accepted by physicians, nurses and laboratory
      personnel, and significant savings for the institution were realized.

PMID- 1091137
TI  - Computer data processing of medical diagnoses in pathology.
AB  - Modes of insertion of pathology diagnoses into a computer data storage and
      retrieval system are reviewed. The conversion of free-flowing diagnostic
      sentences into internal code is considered, and the advantages of coding are
      discussed from two aspects: (a) to minimize storage, and (b) to help alleviate
      difficulties in retrieval of synonymous terminology. Methods of manually pre
      coding diagnoses into Systemized Nomenclature of Pathology (SNOP) code are
      discussed. Data encoding produces a fixed format record which provides
      significant economy in data handling. The potential use of a real-time visual
      display unit in data gathering and automatic coding is presented.

PMID- 1091138
TI  - Dietary supplement and nutrition in children with cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Assessment of nutritional status of patients with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas
      (CFP) showed that poor growth was associated with low concentrations of albumin,
      urea nitrogen, and cholesterol in serum and with elevated white blood cell (WBC)
      counts. Patients with CFP maintained weight approximately 1 standard deviation
      below the mean until 8 years, after which there was a progressive decline in
      growth rate compared to normal. A complete dietary supplement consisting of a
      beef serum hydrolysate, a glucose polymer, and medium-chain triglycerides was
      given to 15 patients for a year. Patients who received the diet showed
      significant gains in weight, significant increase in clinical score, significant
      increase in serum albumin level, and a significant drop in the WBC count compared
      to control patients who did not receive the supplement.

PMID- 1091139
TI  - Computer-assisted pediatric diagnosis.
AB  - A system for computer aid to diagnosis was tested on 90 children hospitalized
      with systemic illness and discharged with a final diagnosis. A medical secretary
      and a pediatrician were equally successful (78% vs 77%) in having the system list
      the main final diagnosis when each independently supplied a list of details
      extracted only from the pediatric intern's admission notes. Even when the final
      diagnosis was not considered by the pediatric house staff and attending
      physicians caring for the patient until after the day of admission, the system
      was accurate in listing the diagnosis (or in raising the correct line of
      diagnostic inquiry) in at least 85% of the patients.

PMID- 1091140
TI  - Impact of a system of computer-assisted diagnosis. Initial evaluation of the
      hospitalized patient.
AB  - Computer assisted diagnosis was evaluated for its ability to hasten the time to
      initial diagnosis and reduce laboratory studies. The time to diagnosis averaged
      2.8 days for a control group and 1.9 days for the group in which the computer
      printout was made available. In a small group in whom the diagnosis was not
      established until after 48 hours, there was a further trend to reduction in
      number of days to diagnosis and irrelevant laboratory studies. The ability of the
      computer to include the final diagnosis in the initial list of differential
      diagnoses remained unchanged for patients whose conditions were diagnosed before
      or after 48 hours, while the physicians' ability decreased. In a university
      hospital setting, computer-assisted diagnosis may be most beneficial for patients
      whose conditions have not been diagnosed within 48 hours of admission.

PMID- 1091141
TI  - Shunt fluid aspiration: an adjunct in the diagnosis of cerebrospinal fluid shunt
      infection.
AB  - Bacterial isolates were obtained from 42 of 59 cultures of shunt fluid aspirated
      from patients with infected cerebrospinal fluid shunts. The etiologic agent was
      recovered from 24 to 25 aspirates from patients who were not receiving
      antibiotics and from 18 of 34 aspirates from patients who were receiving
      antibiotics. Aspiration, culture, and Gram stain of shunt fluid should be
      considered in patients suspected of having a shunt infection.

PMID- 1091142
TI  - Thoracic arteriovenous fistula: venous connection to right iliac vein.
AB  - A 5-year-old boy had clinical, cardiac catheterization, and operative findings of
      a thoracic arteriovenous fistula arising from the right subclavian artery. The
      venous connection was to the paravertebral plexus with eventual drainage into the
      inferior vena cava through the right common iliac vein. To our knowledge, this
      type of fistula has not been reported previously and is believed to represent
      embryological defects of the first or second posterior intercostal arteries as
      well as maldevelopment of the venous connections of azygos vein to the superior
      vena cava, which resulted in the observed caudal venous pathways becoming
      operative.

PMID- 1091143
TI  - The use of antibiotics in biliary tract disease.
AB  - Antibotics are often used in the treatment of patients with biliary tract
      disease. Certain drugs are relatively contraindicated if there is preexisting
      liver dysfunction. Not all antibiotis achieve a high level in bile, and 
      knowledge of their individual excretion rate is important for intelligent use.

PMID- 1091144
TI  - The use of metoclopramide in acute pyloric obstruction.  A clinical trial.
AB  - Twelve patients with complete, or nearly complete, pyloric obstruction due to
      duodenal ulcer, were treated conservatively with metoclopramide.  The purpose of
      this therapeutic trial was to avoid emergency operations in these patients and to
      enable a better radiological evaluation and clinical preparation before surgery. 
      The treatment, in addition to the usual gastric decompression and fluid and
      electrolyte replacement therapy, was effective in 10 patients (83.4 percent).  In
      eight of these patients the results of the trial was regarded as "very good". 
      Six of them were operated upon electively later and two were not operated upon at
      all.  In two patients the results were regarded as "good".  These patients
      underwent early elective surgery.  In the remaining two patients (16.6 percent)
      the trial failed and semiurgent operation could not be avoided.  As no side
      effects are evident following the administration of metoclopramide and no harm is
      done by delaying surgery for three days, it is suggested that this therapeutic
      trial should be undertaken in every case of pyloric stenosis or obstruction. 
      This may markedly reduce the need for emergency operation and prevent many
      postoperative complications which not uncommonly follow emergency surgery for
      pyloric stenosis.

PMID- 1091145
TI  - Anencephaly, spina bifida and dizygotic twinning: a review of the data of
      Stevenson et al.

PMID- 1091146
TI  - Female excess in anencephaly and spina bifida: possible gestational influences.
AB  - Data are presented on th sex-specific frequency and the sex ratios of anencephaly
      and spina bifida from 1945 through 1971. Dramatic changes in the overall rate of
      these malformations occurred during that period. The purpose of this study was to
      evaluate the concept of sex-specific thresholds for an unidentified environmental
      teratogen, a concept which had recently been proposed. The observed epidemiologic
      relationship between the frequencies and the sex ratios of these malformations is
      too complex to reconcile with the action of a single teratogen. On hypothetical
      grounds, a deficiency of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) could explain the
      sex ratio pattern. These malformations might be caused by yet unidentified
      factors which produce a deficiency in HCG function. These factors could be
      placental teratogens, or they could be some other type of environmental agent
      which is capable of producing a long-term effect on maternal endocrine function.

PMID- 1091147
TI  - Printed communications.

PMID- 1091148
TI  - The effectiveness of human placental lactogen measurements as an adjunct in
      decreasing perinatal deaths. Results of a retrospective and a randomized
      controlled prospective study.
AB  - Serum human placental lactogen (HPL) levels were measured in high-risk
      pregnancies. A retrospective analysis of 101 gestations with a perinatal loss
      showed that the 71 stillbirths had abnormally low fetal-danger zone (F-D zone)
      HPL levels (50.7%) before the fetus died (normal smaller than 1%). With severe
      hypertension, 85.7% of the cases had F-D zone HPL values prior to fetal death.
      Abnormal low F-D zone HPL values were found in 20% of the 30 neonatal deaths. A 3
      year randomized controlled treatment series was done with 2,7333 women (1,362
      treatment and 1,371 control) who had serial serum HPL measurements performed at
      each prenatal visit. The frequency of F-D zone HPL values was similar (8.6%
      treatment and 8.2% control). The results showed that although the neonatal
      mortality rates were similar, the HPL treatment group had a significantly lower
      fetal death rate (2.6 vs. 14.2%) and thus perinatal mortality rate (3.4 vs.
      15.0%). This study supports the usefulness of routine prenatal HPL measurements
      in the management of high-risk pregnancies.

PMID- 1091149
TI  - Guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in gynecology.
AB  - Using a random table of numbers, 100 premenopausal women undergoing vaginal
      hysterectomy were assigned to a short-term or long-term antibiotic prophylaxis
      regimen. The short-term regimen patients received a total of 3 Gm. of
      cephaloridine in divided doses on the day of operation, while the long-term
      regimen patients also received oral cephalexin postoperatively. The preoperative
      profiles of the two study groups were similar, and the postoperative results were
      not significantly different. A quantitative evaluation of aerobic and anaerobic
      bacteria recovered from the surface of the vagina was done, and cephaloridine
      content of vaginal washings, serum, and vaginal tissue was determined. This
      information was utilized to suggest guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in
      gynecology.

PMID- 1091150
TI  - Cooperative clinical trials. The Second Ticho Memorial Lecture.
AB  - As exemplified by the collaborative Diabetic Retinopathy Study, all the
      appropriate techniques involved in a clinical trial-random assignment of
      treatment, appropriate controls, and avoidance of investigator bias-should be
      incorporated during the earliest testing of a new therapy for a chronic disease,
      for the sake of the patient and for the progress of medical science. This
      approach to clinical trials in the testing of new ocular therapies can provide
      the most scientifically sound and rational therapy to the patient.

PMID- 1091151
TI  - Intravenous adenine arabinoside against herpes simplex keratouveitis in humans.
AB  - Adenine arabinoside possessed all of the desirable characteristics for an
      antiviral agent: (1) not incorporated into host DNA; (2) broad spectrum activity
      against the DNA family of viruses; (3) lack of resistance in vitro; (4) rapid
      excretion; (5) did not cause immunosuppression; (6) low toxicity in significantly
      effective doses; and (m7) relatively inexpensive. Adenine arabinoside employed in
      20 mg/kg1day intravenous infusions for seven days in a controlled series of
      patients was clearly effective in treating herpetic keratouveitis with only
      minimal adverse reactions. For the first time there may be an effective specific
      treatment for herpetic stromal disease and iritis. Further controlled studies
      comparing the effectiveness of adenine arabinoside with and without concommitant
      topical corticosteroid therapy are necessary.

PMID- 1091152
TI  - Metabolic bone disease in chronic renal failure. II. Renal transplant patients.
AB  - Trabecular vertebral bone of renal transplant patients was quantitatively
      compared with bone from normal individuals and dialyzed and nondialyzed patienets
      with chronic renal failure reported in detail in an earlier study. Long- and
      short-term transplant patients have increased bone resorption and mineralization
      defects similar to renal osteodystrophy in dialyzed and nondialyzed patients.
      However, in transplant patients the magnitude of resorption is greater, and bone
      volume tends to decrease rather than increase. Resorptive activity in transplant
      patients is maximal during the first year after transplantation. Bone volume
      decreases continuously for at least 96 months after transplantation. Only
      decreased bone volume correlated with success or failure of the renal transplant.
      Morphologic findings in this study correlate with other clinical and morphologic
      data to suggest that reduction in bone volume in transplant patients results from
      a combination of persistent hyperparathyroidism and suppression of bone formation
      by steroid therapy.

PMID- 1091153
TI  - Effects of intravascular clotting on the activation of the complement system: The
      role of the platelet.
AB  - Total hemolytic complement activity and the third component of complement were
      found to be significantly depressed in vivo in rabbits following the induction of
      disseminated intravascular coagulation by both thrombin and thromboplastin.
      Production of severe thrombocytopenia by the administration of platelet antiserum
      prior to the infusion of thrombin or thromboplastin partially prevented
      complement activation. The data show that, when clotting is triggered, complement
      activation takes place and that platelets are required to some extent for this
      reaction.

PMID- 1091155
TI  - Editorial: An introduction revisited.

PMID- 1091154
TI  - The development of the insulin unit.

PMID- 1091156
TI  - Editorial: Our sesquicentennial.

PMID- 1091157
TI  - Ano-rectal diseases in ancient India.

PMID- 1091158
TI  - Pancreatic insulin release and peripheral tissue resistance in Zucker obese rats
      fed high- and low-carbohydrate diets.
AB  - An effort was made to determine to what degree the hyperinsulinemia found in the
      genetically obese Zucker rat is the result of the carbohydrate content of the
      diet. When Zucker obese rats are fed precisely the same amount of carbohydrate as
      lean controls and allowed to become obese by drinking vegetable oil, their
      pancreatic islets still release 59% more insulin than do those from lean
      controls. When their diet contains even more carbohydrate, fed from weaning, and
      they become equivalently obese, their islet insulin release is increased by an
      additional 46%. An obese Zucker rat fed a high-carbohydrate diet possesses muscle
      sensitivity to insulin and enlarged adipocytes undergoing active lipogenesis. A
      rat becoming equivalently obese on a high-fat diet has an absence of insulin
      sensitivity in muscle and diminished lipogenesis in  adipocytes. Clearly, the
      composition of the diet plays an important role in the metabolic consequences of
      obesity, but neither  diet nor changes in peripheral glucose metabolism can
      completely explain the hyperinsulinemia.

PMID- 1091159
TI  - Psychotherapy: historical roots, universal elements, and cultural variations.
AB  - The authors review various forms of traditional psychotherapeutic interventions
      to trace the historical development of psychotherapy, which demonstrates a shift
      in focus from the supernatural world, to the natural world, to the physical
      person, then to the psychological person. The basic processes of identifying
      problems, providing explanations, and prescribing for change are observed among
      various kinds of treatment systems. Universal elements fundamental to successful
      treatment can be identified in each of these processes, and each is strongly
      modified by cultural factors. The authors conclude that the special cultural
      dimension of psychotherapy consists of defining cultural norms, reinforcing
      culturally sanctioned coping mechanisms, and providing "time out" from usual
      cultural expectations.

PMID- 1091160
TI  - Current and emerging models of residential psychiatric treatment, with special
      reference to the California situation.
AB  - The author reviews the steps that have led to the progressive deemphasis of
      psychiatric hospitalization in California and surveys the empirical basis for
      rejecting the usefulness of hospitalization. He discusses the four alternative
      residential models that have emerged in California as substitutes for state
      mental hospitals--general hospital psychiatric units, board and care homes,
      private psychiatric facilities available through vendor contracts, and
      convalescent hospitals. The author also touches briefly upon some important
      problems, including the possible fate of public general hospital psychiatric
      units, community mental health services, and the commitment law in California.

PMID- 1091161
TI  - Depression and anxiety in heroin addicts: a placebo-controlled study of doxepin
      in combination with methadone.
AB  - Narcotic addicts may manifest symptoms of depression that aggravate their
      addiction. In this double-blind study of 35 mildly depressed patients in a
      methadone maintenance program, subjects who received doxepin improved
      significantly more than control subjects. Even in this short-term study, the
      reduction in depression was associated with a trend toward better performance in
      other areas of rehabilitation.

PMID- 1091162
TI  - The depot fluphenazines: a reappraisal after 10 years' clinical experience.

PMID- 1091163
TI  - Health care of children and youth in America.

PMID- 1091164
TI  - The American Journal of Roentgenology Radium Therapy and Nuclear Medicine.

PMID- 1091165
TI  - The prevalence and relationships of malaria, anemia, and malnutrition in a
      coastal area of El Salvador.
AB  - To study the relationships between malaria, anemia and malnutrition, 853 school
      age children from a high malaria incidence area and an adjacent low incidence
      area were surveyed in September 1972. For the high incidence area the malaria
      slide positivity rate was 3.5%, spleen rate 7.6% and malaria (indirect
      fluorescent antibody) serology positivity 24.7%. Contrasted to this, no positive
      slides, only 3 palpable spleens and a 3.4% serology positivity rate were found
      for the low incidence area. Twenty-three percent of those studied were anemic,
      but the prevalence of anemia was the same in both the high and low incidence
      areas. However, a selected group of children with known history of recent or
      actual malaria was found to be more likely to have deficient hematocrit values
      than were children without such history. Hypochromia and microcytosis were
      prominent morphologic findings in children with anemia, suggesting a diagnosis of
      iron deficiency. Weights and heights for age were considerably below those of a
      U.S. reference population but similar to nationwide Salvadoran figures. In both
      the high and low incidence groups, 62% had arm circumference values below 90% of
      standard. The distribution of weight-to-height ratios was also similar for both
      groups. No difference in nutritional status between the two groups could be
      found.

PMID- 1091166
TI  - Rodent systems (Plasmodium berghei-Anopheles Stephensi) for screening compounds
      for potential causal prophylaxis.
AB  - An in vivo screening system is described in which drugs administered to rats or
      mice and challenged with sporozoites are evaluated for their antimalarial
      properties (causal prophylaxis, suppression, therapy) by the presence or absence
      of exoerythrocytic forms and parasitemia. The system is composed of A/J mice,
      Sprague-Dawley rats, Plasmodium berghei, and Anopheles stephensi. Good
      correlation has been found between test results and practical application.

PMID- 1091167
TI  - A prospective study of the effects of ultralow volume (ULV) aerial application of
      malathion on epidemic Plasmodium falciparum malaria. I. Study design and
      perspective.
AB  - A large-scale prospective study was designed to test the effects of aerial
      ultralow volume (ULV) application of malathion on epidemic Plasmodium falciparum
      malaria. The study was conducted during 1972 to 1973, in the Miragoane Valley of
      Haiti, an area having annual anticipated outbreaks of malaria, which allowed
      prospective assessment. Spraying of malathion at a dosage of 4.5 fluid ounces per
      acre reduced populations of adult Anopheles albimanus to less than 1% of prespray
      levels and interrupted epidemic transmission of P. falciparum malaria. No change
      was measured in susceptibility of the vector mosquito to malathion after six
      applications of spray during a period of 50 days. Ecologic study revealed no
      significant impact on nontarget vertebrates. Factors that contributed to the
      success of this method in Haiti were: 1) a susceptible population of mosquitoes;
      2) suitable topography and climate conditions for spraying; and 3) treatment of
      an area sufficiently large to minimize the influence of immigration of mosquitoes
      from unsprayed areas.

PMID- 1091168
TI  - A prospective study of the effects of ultralow volume (ULV) aerial application of
      malathion on epidemic Plasmodium falciparum malaria. II. Entomologic and
      operational aspects.
AB  - In a large-scale study in the Miragoane Valley of Haiti, designed to test the
      effects of aerial ultralow volume (ULV) malathion on epidemic Plasmodium
      falciparum malaria, spray operations resulted in an immediate and sharp decline
      in numbers of the vector, Anopheles albimanus. The adult population of this
      mosquito remained at less than 1% of previous levels until several weeks after a
      50-day spray period (27 October-16 December 1972) during which six cycles were
      completed. The study area offered ideal conditions of wind, temperature,
      humidity, and mountain barriers. Mosquitoes in the area were highly susceptible
      to malathion. Results indicated that aerial ULV treatment with malathion can
      reduce A. albimanus populations rapidly and effectively when applications are
      made over an area as large as 20,000 acres. Preliminary results showed that
      effective control was not achieved in areas one-quarter that size; these areas
      were not sufficiently large, and infiltration of mosquitoes from adjacent
      untreated areas was possible.

PMID- 1091169
TI  - A prospective study of the effects of ultralow volume (ULV) aerial application of
      malathion on epidemic Plasmodium falciparum malaria. III. Ecologic aspects.
AB  - The effects of aerial ultralow volume (ULV) malathion on selected species of
      nontarget animals in Haiti are reported. Mortality of certain groups of insects
      such as bees, flies, beetles, and butterflies was observed immediately following
      spray application. Minor fish mortality occurred only in shallow water exposed to
      direct spray. The brain acetylcholine esterase levels of living fish, tree
      lizards, birds and bats collected from treated areas were not significantly
      reduced. No ill or dead animals, besides the few fish, were seen even when
      maximum exposure occurred. Only minor changes in the feeding behavior of some
      insectivorous birds were observed. The relative bird density decreased
      substantially for only one species during the study, and other factors besides
      treatment were considered to be the reasons for the decline. Aerial applications
      of ULV malathion at dosages sufficient to dramatically reduce anopheline
      populations did not significantly affect nontarget vertebrates in this tropical
      environment.

PMID- 1091170
TI  - A prospective study of the effects of ultralow volume (ULV) aerial application of
      malathion on epidemic Plasmodium falciparum malaria. IV. Epidemiologic aspects.
AB  - In the Miragoane Valley of Haiti a consistent pattern in the incidence of
      Plasmodium falciparum malaria over a 10-year period made it possible to predict
      an annual outbreak and perform a prospective study to test the effects of aerial
      ultralow volume (ULV) malathion on epidemic levels of this disease. At the end of
      October 1972, after epidemic levels (100 cases/month/10,000 population) had been
      reached, spray operations were begun. The first spray cycle produced a sharp and
      immediate drop in populations of the vector Anopheles albimanus, followed 4 weeks
      later by a decrease in the incidence of malaria throughout the valley. Although
      the incidence of malaria was similar in sprayed and unsprayed areas prior to the
      effect of ULV malathion (176.1 and 198.7 cases/month/10,000 population,
      respectively), it was significantly different during the subsequent 3 months
      (16.8 cases/month/10,000 population in sprayed areas and 65.4 in unsprayed; p
      less than 0.001). Travel histories indicated that only 4% of all cases had spent
      a night away from home during the 4 weeks prior to onset of symptoms; therefore,
      we concluded that these incidence data represent malaria transmission in the
      valley. Results of the study indicate that aerial spraying of ULV malathion can
      interrupt epidemic transmission of P. falciparum malaria by a susceptible vector.

PMID- 1091171
TI  - Attempted prevention of diarrheal disease in Apache children with a non
      absorbable broad-spectrum antimicrobial.
AB  - A double-blind study was conducted to test the prophylactic effect of a non
      absorbable broad-spectrum antimicrobial (oral colistin sulfate) against acute
      diarrhea in Apache children. Children 1 to 6 months old had over twice the
      morbidity from diarrhea if assigned to the antimicrobial group as compared to
      placebo, while the toddler group (7-30 months) taking the antimicrobial had
      somewhat less diarrhea. Enteropathogenic E. coli were significantly more often
      isolated from the antimicrobial group (but only in well children). No special
      effect on the children's growth by the antimicrobial was discerned.

PMID- 1091172
TI  - Antimalarial effects of clindamycin in man.
AB  - Clindamycin 450 mg every 8 hours for 3 days cured three non-immune patients of
      falciparum malaria, although the response was slow. The addition of quinine to
      this regimen provided an accelerated response and cured 3 of 5 other patients.
      Single doses of clindamycin given daily for 3 days, with or without quinine,
      cured 1 of 3 patients. Gastric intolerance to the drugs, probably accentuated by
      the clinical condition, was pronounced in some cases, the course of treatment
      being interrupted in three patients for this reason. Chesson strain Plasmodium
      vivax relapses in man were not inhibited by ingestion of 450 mg of clindamycin
      every 6 hours for 14 days.

PMID- 1091173
TI  - An operation for advanced achalasia.

PMID- 1091174
TI  - Gastrointestinal and hepatic complications affecting patients with renal
      allografts.
AB  - Of 126 renal allograft recipients, 34 were found to have gastrointestinal and
      hepatic complications. In order of frequency, these included: mild liver
      dysfunction, severe hepatitis usually associated with cytomegalovirus infection,
      peptic ulceration complicated by bleeding, intestinal obstruction, and
      pancreatitis. These complications did not appear to influence the long-term
      survival or function of the renal allograft, but proved to be fatal when massive
      infection of cytomegalovirus affected the gastrointestinal tract and especially
      the liver. Gastrointestinal and pancreatic complications occurring in renal
      allograft recipients can be managed in the same manner as in patients who are not
      receiving immunosuppression. When surgical intervention is required, it should be
      performed promptly. The fact that these patients are receiving immunosuppressive
      therapy should not be a contraindication to early surgical intervention. When the
      presence of ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal mucosa, pancreatitis, or
      hepatitis is confirmed, the possibility of these lesions being caused by viral
      agents, especially cytomegalovirus, should be considered and attempts to confirm
      this diagnosis should be made. If cytomegalovirus infection is confirmed and the
      patient is experiencing rejection of the allograft, careful consideration should
      be given to immediate discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy followed by
      removal of the renal allograft. In this way the relentless and fatal course of
      the cytomegalovirus infection seen in some of the patients reported in this study
      may be avoided.

PMID- 1091175
TI  - Hereditary polypoid diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: a working
      classification.
AB  - Almost all published cases of hereditary intestinal polypoid diseases can be
      meaningfully classified into a relatively few distinct syndromes including
      familial polyposis of the colon, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and juvenile polyposis.
      Familial polyposis is characterized by the development of numerous adenomatous
      polyps of the colon and subsequent development of colorectal carcinoma in nearly
      all patients. Extracolonic manifestations are common but do not influence the
      premalignant nature of this syndrome. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is identifiable by a
      combination of circumoral melanin pigmentation and hamartomatous polyps. These
      polypoid lesions have an unusually wide distribution and may occur in the
      respiratory, gastrointestinal, or genitourinary tract. There is a small but
      definite increased incidence of gastrointestinal cancer in these patients.
      Juvenile polyposis presents a more variable spectrum. In one form there is
      extensive intestinal involvement leading to diarrhea, inanition, and increased
      susceptibility to infection. Another form is limited to the colon and easily
      confused with familial polyposis. With the third form, there is involvement of
      the stomach, intestines, and colon, which makes it easily mistaken for the Peutz
      Jeghers syndrome.

PMID- 1091176
TI  - Silastic T tube splints for biliary repair.
AB  - Silastic rubber T tubes have been compared with latex rubber T tubes in the
      biliary system of dogs. It was found that Silastic rubber T tubes evoked a
      significant foreign body reaction within the biliary system, producing bile salt
      precipitation and debris. Alarmingly, in these studies in dogs, Silastic rubber T
      tubes did not cause sufficient intraperitoneal adhesions around the tube to form
      an intraperitoneal tract walling off the tube from the general peritoneal cavity.
      Thus, when the Silastic rubber T tube was removed, bile leakage into the
      peritoneal cavity occurred. Based on studies in dogs, Silastic rubber T tubes
      should not be used in the clinical situation in which the T tube would be removed
      postoperatively.

PMID- 1091177
TI  - Reduction of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) by furosemide and steroids in cadaveric
      kidney recovery.
AB  - One hundred fifty human cadaver kidneys have been preserved by a combination of
      topical hypothermia and pulsatile perfusion with cryoprecipitated plasma in our
      laboratory. Post-transplant acute renal failure was reduced from 58 to 21 per
      cent in those kidneys protected with furosemide and methylprednisolone.

PMID- 1091179
TI  - Skin closure using a new skin clip.
AB  - A new skin clip that allows rapid skin closure with minimal trauma to the skin
      has been devised. The clip can be used in most conventional incisions on the
      neck, extremities, thorax, and abdomen. It cannot be used where skin is tightly
      adherent, as in the scalp, palm, and soles of the feet. Closure with this skin
      clip has proved to be dependable and to provide an aesthetic hairline scar.

PMID- 1091178
TI  - Calculi complicating a renal transplant.
AB  - Four months after a cadaver kidney transplant, kidney stones were found in the
      renal allograft. Three major predisposing causes of nephrolithiasis were found in
      the patient, including hyperparathyroidism, renal tubular acidosis, and urinary
      tract infection. Hypercalcemia was corrected by parathyroidectomy. During the
      subsequent three years there was no enlargement of the renal stones and adequate
      kidney function was maintained. Renal tubular acidosis was not severe and seemed
      to be related to chronic rejection. Urinary tract infection was readily corrected
      with antibiotics and did not recur after the immediate post-transplant period.
      Surgical therapy for nephrolithiasis involving a kidney allograft was defferred
      since urinary flow was not obstructed. This course of management is recommended
      for use in patients with calculi complicating renal transplantation.

PMID- 1091180
TI  - [Further investigations for the demonstration of a specific microorganism in
      sympathetik ophthalmia].
AB  - 19 Following the inoculation of tissue culture cells with material obtained from
      3 human eyes suffering from sympathetic ophthalmia (2 sympathizing = sy-l, 1
      sympathized = sy-2), no growth of bacteria was observed. On the other hand,
      changes occurred such as are typical for a massive infection with mycoplasmas.
      The morphology of these microbes corresponds, down to the details, with micro
      organisms which the author has frequently demonstrated and illustrated since 1948
      in human, chicken and monkey eyes suffering from sympathetic ophthalmia. 2. With
      the cultures of mycoplasmas obtained from the eyes of human patients suffering
      from sympathetic ophthalmia, it was possible to produce the same symptoms in
      chickens as were described by the author in 1950 in sympathizing and sympathized
      human eyes, namely: torpid uveitis and papillitis, which dragged on for months,
      and affected not only the inoculated right eye, but also, after 3 weeks and more,
      the untouched left eye. 3. Identical phenomena involving both eyes have been
      observed in chickens, the right eyes of which were inoculated with a strain of
      mycoplasma hominis orale 1 cultivated from other material in the Institut fur
      medizinische Mikrobiologie der Universitat Mainz (Prof. Bredt) and given to the
      author. A chronic intraocular inflammation, which persisted for several months-
      up to 6 months and more--developed not only in the inoculated right eye of the
      animals, but also, after an interval of several weeks, in the untouched left eye.
      4. Viewed critically and with due care, these findings suggest that mycoplasmas
      might well play a role in triggering off sympathetic ophthalmia. 5. The results
      reported on here indicate that intraocular inoculation with mycoplasmas is of
      importance both in microbiology and in general medicine.

PMID- 1091181
TI  - The immune system of the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus, Linn).
AB  - The armadillo is rapidly emerging as an animal for biomedical research. A
      morphological study of the immune system of the armadillo was undertaken to try
      to demonstrate a possible defect in the morphogenesis of the lymphoid organs that
      could account for their susceptibility to leprosy. Blood from 20 domesticated
      adult armadillos revealed lymphocytes predominated among circulating leukocytes
      in the majority of animals, whereas in wild animals neutrophils predominated.
      Necropsies revealed well-developed thymus glands and the thymus-dependent areas
      in lymph nodes and spleens contained abundant lymphoid cells. Hence, we conclude
      that the susceptibility of the armadillo to leprosy cannot be explained on a
      morphological basis.

PMID- 1091182
TI  - William S. Halsted and local anesthesia: contributions and complications.

PMID- 1091183
TI  - The use of haloperidol for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting--a
      double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
AB  - Sixty-two postoperative patients were admitted to a double-blind study to compare
      the therapeutic effectiveness of a single intramuscular injection of 1 mg of
      haloperidol with that of a placebo for the relief of vomiting and nausea
      following surgical procedures. Significantly fewer patients continued to vomit or
      experience nausea in the haloperidol-treatment group than in the placebo
      treatment group. No statistically or clinically significant change in vital signs
      occurred in the haloperidol-treatment group. No serious side effect occurred in
      either group.

PMID- 1091184
TI  - A computer-assisted instruction course in the diagnosis and treatment of
      respiratory diseases.
AB  - A computer-assisted simulation of the 'chart method' of teaching has been
      developed and was used to provide instruction in clinical decision-making in the
      diagonosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases. The course requires a student to
      reach and to defend a diagonisis and to provide appropriate treatment for each of
      10 simulated cases. Evaluation of performance and immediate feedback and
      correction of errors of commission and ommission are an integral part of the
      course. The course provides a model for development of additional programs in
      other subject areas.

PMID- 1091185
TI  - Effect of prostaglandins F2 alpha and E2 on airway conductance in healthy
      subjects and asthmatic patients.
AB  - Effects of aerosol inhalation of prostaglandins F2alpha and E2 on specific airway
      conductance were studied in 12 healthy subjects and 17 patients with bronchial
      asthma. Approximately 50 per cent reduction of specific airway conductance was
      obtained with 250 to 1000 mug of prostaglandin F2alpha in healthy subjects and 4
      to 512 ng of prostaglandin F2alpha in asthmatics. In healthy subjects, repeated
      administration of prostaglandin F2alpha within 1 session elicited nearly
      identical changes specific airway conductance, whereas a degree of tachyphylaxis
      possible existed in asthmatics. The sensitivity to prostaglandin F2alpha during a
      17 month period remained quite constand; test-retest responses did not differ
      significantly. Pretreatment with 1 mg of atropine did not modify the effect of
      prostaglandin F2alpha in health subjects. In contrast. bronchoconstriction in
      asthmatics was diminished 1 and 5 but not 10 minutes after inhalation
      prostaglandin F2alpha. Prostaglandin E2 was a bronchodilator in healthy subjects
      but caused either dilation or constriction (the direction of the change in
      specific airway conductance being consistent for each subject) in asthamatics.

PMID- 1091186
TI  - A sea of air.

PMID- 1091187
TI  - Subfascial ligation (Linton operation) of the perforating leg veins to treat post
      thrombophlebitic syndrome.
AB  - A series of 71 subfascial ligations of the perforating veins of the lower leg is
      discussed, and the technique of the operation outlined. Forty-four per cent of
      the limbs we treated developed a postoperative slough, and 25 per cent required
      skin grafting. There was an ulcer recurrence rate of 33.8 per cent in our series,
      but these ulcers usually promptly healed with compression bandaging. In 13 per
      cent of the limbs, further operative procedures were required. There was no
      operative mortality in this series.

PMID- 1091188
TI  - Decreasing reliability of acid-fast smear techniques for detection of
      tuberculosis.
AB  - The ability of any screening test to correctly identify diseased patients is
      directly related to the prevalence of the disease in question. The continuing use
      of smears for the detection of acid-fast bacilli when the prevalence of
      tuberculosis is declining will produce increasing numbers of false-positive
      results. To determine the usefulness of smear techniques, we carried out a
      retrospective study of approximately 10 000 consecutive smears and cultures.
      Positive smears were classified as true- or false-positive on the basis of
      whether the corresponding cultures grew mycobacteria. The overall incidence of
      false-positive smears was 0.7%; however, the ratio of the number of false
      positive to total positive smear was about 0.5. Thus, for each true-positive
      result, one false-positive result was obtained. Patients in the true-positive
      group had clinical and radiological evidence to support the diagnosis of
      tuberculosis, while those in the false-positive group had new findings of the
      disease. These data suggest that the smear is a poor screening technique in a
      population where the prevalence of tuberculosis is low.

PMID- 1091190
TI  - Letter: Prevention of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria.

PMID- 1091189
TI  - Hyperglucagonemia in uremia: reversal by renal transplantation.
AB  - Chronic renal failure in man is associated with hyperglucagonemia that is not
      corrected by hemodialysis. Plasma glucagon concentrations were measured in nine
      patients before and after renal transplantation. Mean plasma glucagon
      concentration in eight patients with chronic renal failure before transplantation
      was 295 plus or minus 171 pg/ml (plus or minus SD). After successful
      transplantation, mean plasma glucagon concentration fell to 134 plus or minus 81
      pg/ml (plus or minus SD) (P less than 0.001). Plasma glucagon concentration
      remained elevated in an additional patient who received a cadaveric graft that
      never functioned. Immunologic rejection of transplanted kidneys was associated
      with a dramatic increase of plasma glucagon concentration.

PMID- 1091191
TI  - Letter: Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: calcium, secretin, gastrin.

PMID- 1091192
TI  - Neurosecretory neurons in the hypothalamus and median eminence of the dog and
      sheep as revealed by immunohistochemical methods.

PMID- 1091193
TI  - The role of neurophysin proteins: suggestions from the study of their transport
      and turnover.

PMID- 1091194
TI  - A review on neurosecretory granules: their contents and mechanisms of release.
AB  - The available evidence suggests that hormones and neurophysins are associated
      exclusively with the neurosecretory granules, each of which contains
      approximately 6 times 10-4 molecules of each. Hormones and carrier proteins are
      complexed within the granules and the complexes are densely packed. The processes
      that keep the intragranular space in osmotic equilibrium with the axoplasm
      require further study. Freeze-fracture data, as well as studies in which
      histochemical methods for the detection of glycoproteins were used, suggest that
      the intragranular aspect of the granule membrane mostly resembles the
      extracellular half of the plasma membrane; on the other hand, the cytoplasmic
      aspects of plasma and granule membrane have similar characteristics, which may be
      important in permitting membrane fusion to take place prior to secretion. Little
      is known about the molecular species involved in this interaction between granule
      and plasma membrane, except that calcium is a cofactor in this process. Release
      is triggered in vivo by propagated action potentials which cause an influx of
      calcium into the secretory endings. Newly formed granules, and other granules
      located at the periphery of the endings are preferentially released. Irrespective
      of the type of stimulation of secretion, release involves the diffusion into the
      extracellular space of granule core constituents. The best evidence so far in
      support of this view comes from ultrastructural studies showing images of
      exocytosis, as well as from biochemical studies demonstrating that hormones and
      carrier proteins are secreted concomitantly in a great variety of experimental or
      clinical conditions, without an associated release of granule membrane
      constituents or of enzymes of cytoplasmic origin. Recovery mechanisms following
      secretion require new synthesis of granule constituents and restoration of the
      resting internal concentrations of potassium, sodium, and calcium. Membrane
      surface area is restored following exocytosis by compensatory endocytosis which
      involves indiscriminate uptake of extracellular medium into the secretory axon
      terminals. While much progress has been made in research on the cellular and
      subcellular processes that take place in neurons which produce, store, and
      secrete neurohypophyseal hormones and their carrier proteins, neurophysins, many
      pressing questions remain to be answered. New developments, such as organ culture
      of supraoptic nuclei94-96 and the recent isolation of a clone of mouse
      hypothalamic cells capable of synthesizing vasopressin and neurophysin,97 will
      hopefully allow some of these problems to be solved in the future.

PMID- 1091195
TI  - Hexosamine, calcium, and neurophysin in secretory granules and the role of
      calcium in hormone release.

PMID- 1091196
TI  - Characterization of a clonal strain of mouse hypothalamic cells synthesizing
      neurophysins and vasopressin.

PMID- 1091197
TI  - The distribution of neurophysin-secreting pathways in the mammalian brain: light
      microscopic studies using the immunoperoxidase technique.

PMID- 1091198
TI  - Letters from the past. From John Hunter to Edward Jenner.

PMID- 1091199
TI  - Patients and their ills in Vicary's time.

PMID- 1091200
TI  - Letters from the past. From John Hunter to Edward Jenner.

PMID- 1091201
TI  - Recent developments in insect steroid metabolism.

PMID- 1091202
TI  - [Possible mechanisms of the rifampicin suppression of the conjugation transfer of
      R-factors in Escherichia coli].
AB  - The studies on the effect of a number of antibiotics on transfer of R-factors
      with the use of a kinetic conjugation system showed that rifampicin inhibited the
      transfer of various R-factors independent of the microbial host strain and R
      factor type (the inhibition coefficient of I infinity equals 7.5-16.8). The early
      conjugation stages preceding the transfer of R-factor DNA were most sensitive to
      the antibiotic effect. Decreased number of R+ conjugants observed on the donor
      strain growth in the presence of rifampicin were due rather to selection of
      spontaneous R- variants with the antibiotic found in our experiments than to its
      direct effect on the donor competence of R+ cells. It was also found that
      exposure of E. coli strains to rifampicin for 30 minutes increased their
      sensitivity to chloramphenicol and tetracycline, this being more pronounced in
      the cells which not long ago acquired the R-factor. The mechanism of the
      phenomenon is not clear yet. It was shown to be not associated with the cell
      permeability impairement under the effect of rifampicin. It was noted that
      rifampicin combination with neomycin chloramphenicol, tetracycline or
      streptomycin had a synergistic effect on the strains of E. coli.

PMID- 1091203
TI  - [Recipient capacity of B. alcalescens strains in the conjugation transfer of R
      factors to them for E. coli strains].
AB  - Unlike many enterobacteria the strains of B. alkalescens isolated from patients
      with the intestine dysfunction and healthy persons preserved sensitivity to the
      antibiotics used in the medical practice. This served as a basis for the study of
      the recipient competence for reception of R-factors from E. coli by 6 strains of
      the alkali producer. The strains of E. coli with the derepressive R-factors J 5-3
      R1, J 5-3 R64 and CSH-2 R1-19 were introduced into the conjugation mixture as the
      donors. Only I strain of E. coli, i.e. J 5-3 R1 with multiple antibiotic
      resistance proved to be a competent donor. A possibility of transfering on1 I
      determinant of resistance (to neomycin) to 3 out of 6 strains of B. alkalescens
      at a low rate of10-7 and 10-9 was shown. The R+ conjugants appeared to be immune
      to further reception of R-factors of both the competent and the incompetent
      donors. The low recipient capacity of the strains of B. alkalescens must, to some
      extent promote circulation mainly of antibiotic sensitive strains of the microbes
      under natural conditions.

PMID- 1091204
TI  - [Bacteriocinogeny in Yersinia enterocolitica].
AB  - Bacteriocinogeny was found in 19.8 per cent of Y. enterocolitica strains tested.
      It was designated by the authors as enterocoliticacinogeny and the substance
      produced by the pathogen was named enterocoliticacine. Bacteriocinogeny was found
      among the collection strains isolated in the South Primorye and not among the
      strains isolated abroad. Some cultures of Y. enterocolitica isolated abroad and
      in the South Primorye were used as indicator strains for revealing
      enterocoliticacinogeny. Enterocoliticacine inhibited growth only of some strains
      of Y. enterocolitica and had no inhibitory effect on growth of Coli bacteria,
      plague and pseudotuberculosis microbes. The latter 3 bacterial species did not
      inhibit growth of the causative agent of gastric yearsiniosis, which may be of
      some diagnostic importance. The diverse spectrum of enterocoliticacine and the
      character of inhibition of sensitive culture growth are indicative of the
      presence of several types of bacteriocines in Y. enterocolitica.

PMID- 1091205
TI  - [Effectiveness of prodigiozan in the therapy of chronic nonspecific diseases of
      the lungs].
AB  - The efficiency of the Soviet prodigiozan in therapy of chronic non-specific
      diseases of the lungs (18 cases with bronchial asthma and 26 cases with chronic
      pneumonia of the 1st and 2nd stages) in the phase of exacerbation was studied.
      The results of the treatment were estimated by the clinico-roentgenological
      pictures. The effect of prodigiozan on breathing and the functional state of the
      adrenal gland was studied in particular. Satisfactory results were obtained in
      the patients suffering from chronic pneumonia of the 1st and 2nd stages without
      clinical signs of the bronchial tree affection and in the patients with infection
      allergic forms of bronchial asthma. Modest results were observed in the patients
      suffering from chronic pneumonia of the 1st and 2nd stages with the bronchial
      tree affection, especially when exacerbated by the asthma syndrome. In some
      patients the results of the treatment with prodigiozan were not stable.
      Prodigiozan improved the bronchial permeability, stimulated the sympatho-adrenal
      system and had no effect on the adrenal cortex.

PMID- 1091206
TI  - [Dynamics of the antibiotic sensitivity of the staphylococci in suppurative,
      inflammatory foci in patients during the period of the hospital stay].
AB  - The dynamics of staphylococci sensitivity to antibiotics in purulent foci of 242
      in patients was studied. Two criteria were used for estimation of the above
      process, i.e. (I) sensitivity to the antibiotics of the whole staphylococcal
      population isolated and (2) sensitivity to the antibiotics of separate strains
      isolated from the population. In 10 or more days the number of the in-patients
      with staphylococci resistant to streptomycin, monomycin or oxacillin in the
      purulent foci increased. The number of the in-patients with penicillin, neomycin
      or chloramphenicol resistant staphylocci was statistically doubtful. The average
      number of the antibiotic resistant microbial cells in the staphylococcal
      populations of the foci in the patients during their stay in the hospital
      increased 2-4 times.

PMID- 1091207
TI  - [Comparative clinical electroencephalographic study of cycloserine and terizidon
      tolerance].
AB  - The aim of the study was comparative investigation of cycloserin and terizidone
      tolerance by patients with the lung tuberculosis. The investigation procedure
      included parallel clinical observations and electroencephalographic studies (EEG)
      using light and sonic stimulation. Sixty six and 26 patients treated with
      cycloserin and terizidone respectively were observed. The results of the studies
      showed that by the mechanism of their action on the central nervous system
      terizidone and cycloserine were similar and increased the general reactivity of
      the brain. However, terizidone promoted an increase of the activating effect of
      the ascending part of the reticular formation of the brain stem to a lesser
      extent than cycloserine. Terizidone in a dose of 0.25 g 3 times a day was well
      tolerated by the patients with concomitant psycho-neurological impairements.

PMID- 1091208
TI  - History of surgery reflected in photos.

PMID- 1091209
TI  - Hyperbaric oxygenation.

PMID- 1091210
TI  - Influence of glycerol and other polyhydric alcohol on the quaternary structure of
      an oligometric protein.

PMID- 1091211
TI  - Comparison of the effects of bacteriophage T4 infection and N-ethylmaleimide on
      the translational specificity of Escherichia coli ribosomes.

PMID- 1091212
TI  - Phosphorescence of tryptophan and proteins in the presence of silver ion.

PMID- 1091213
TI  - Tumor angiogenic factor and human skin tumors.
AB  - A transparent acrylic hamster cheek-pouch chamber was used to investigate the
      elaboration of a tumor angiogenic factor (TAF) by human cutaneous neoplasms;
      direct tumor implantations, transfilter diffusion, and soluble tumor extracts
      were used in the study. A diffusible and filterable TAF was extracted from
      cutaneous tumors and produced distinctive patterns of sequential vasodilatation,
      tortuosity, and neovascular proliferation in the cheek-pouch membrane. Malignant
      human neoplasms (eg, melanoma, basal cell epithelioma, squamous cell carcinoma,
      lymphoma) produced striking neovascularization; vascular tumors (eg, Kaposi
      sarcoma, pyogenic granuloma, vascular histiocytoma) stimulated dramatic hyperemia
      and ectasia. Angiogenesis was conspicuously absent after implantation of control
      materials and nevoid or normal cutaneous components (with the exception of
      epidermis). Tumor angiogenic factor appears to induce direct stimulation of
      endothelial cell mitosis and may be essential for survival of nutritionally
      ravenous neoplastic tissues. The interference with TAF has therapeutic
      implications.

PMID- 1091214
TI  - Lupus erythematosus profundus following thrombocytopenic purpura.
AB  - A patient with thrombocytopenic purpura subsequently exhibited skin lesions of
      lupus erythematosus profundus, serositis, and serum antinuclear antibodies.
      Immunoglobulins and complement were found in the dermoepidermal junction of
      active skin lesions. Also of note was the presence of possible systemic lupus
      erythematosus in his mother.

PMID- 1091215
TI  - Uses for immunofluorescence tests of skin and sera. Utilization of
      immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of bullous diseases, lupus erythematosus, and
      certain other dermatoses.
AB  - Sera and frozen biopsy specimens taken for immunofluorescence can be of
      diagnostic value in studies of vesiculobullous eruptions and connective tissue
      diseases. Appropriate handling of specimens is important. In cases of pemphigus
      and pemphigoid, findings of typical antibodies in sera and immunoglobulin
      deposits in skin sections serve to establish the diagnoses. Fluctuations in
      titers of pemphigus antibodies afford a prognistic guide. IgA deposits at the
      dermoepidermal junction in patients with vesiculobullous eruptions are diagnostic
      of dermatitis herpetiformis. Elevated titers of antinuclear antibodies,
      frequently with a peripheral pattern, and DNA antibodies as well as junctional
      deposits of immunoglobulins or complement or both in the apparently uninvolved
      skin are highly characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus, more or less
      typical patterns of immunoglobulin and complement deposits in the lesion appear
      in discoid lupus erythematosus, porphyrias, and some other dermatoses.

PMID- 1091216
TI  - Controlled double-blind comparative trial with fluprednylidene acetate cream and
      its base.
AB  - The effect of combined therapy with fluprednylidene acetate cream applied once
      daily plus cream base of the same formulation twice daily was tested in
      controlled double-blind contralateral investigations carried out on 31 in
      patients with skin diseases which react to corticoids. Comparison with the 3
      times daily application of the cream containing fluprednylidene and the 3 times
      daily application of a cream containing betamethasone 17-valerate did not show
      any differences in the result of treatment which was good to very good in each
      case within a 15-day trial period. No side effects were determined. The combined
      treatment with fluprednylidene acetate cream (once daily) and the cream base of
      the same formulation means that by economising on the use of the corticoid the
      risk involved in treatment is reduced and a therapeutic concept can be propounded
      which is suitable for all individual circumstances because the cream base used is
      kept constant.

PMID- 1091218
TI  - Stability of normal human fecal flora during a chemically defined, low residue
      liquid diet.
AB  - Ten adult male volunteers (medical students) subsisted for seven days upon a
      chemically defined, low residue liquid diet, and consumed 1200-1800 calories per
      day. All stools were collected; three were cultured within the hour-a prediet
      stool, one collected on the seventh day, and a postdiet stool. Specimens were
      diluted anaerobically, and anaerobic cultures were streaked upon plates of
      prereduced agar media and incubated in Brewer jars. During the low residue diet,
      total fecal mass was relatively small and each subject passed only two or three
      stools. The mean reduction in daily fecal output was 70%. Mean counts of total
      aerobes were 10-7/gm throughout the study, and mean counts of total anaerobes
      were 10-10/gm. There was no overgrowth by opportunistic bacteria or fungi. The
      low residue food did not alter fecal flora; there was neither disappearance nor
      reduction of any bacterial group.

PMID- 1091217
TI  - Evidence for a neuromuscular disorder in methylmercury poisoning.
AB  - Data suggestive of a neuromuscular disorder responsive to neostigmine was
      uncovered in the course of electrophysiological testing of Iraqi patients
      poisoned by methylmercury. Subsequent neostigmine therapy produced a remarkable
      clinical improvement of the patients. Placebo substitution resulted in a
      substantial loss of testable strength that was restored when drug therapy was
      resumed.

PMID- 1091219
TI  - Pyeloureterostomy reconstruction in human renal transplantation.
AB  - Pyelouretersotomy or ureteroureterostomy was the urinary tract reconstructive
      procedure in 114 of 132 consecutive renal transplants performed at the
      Massachusetts General Hospital from September 1967 to December 1973. Anastomotic
      leakage was the only complication related to failure of pyeloureterostomy or
      ureteroureterostomy. This occurred in nine transplants (7.9%). Since 1970, only
      four anastomotic leaks have occurred in 79 consecutive pyeloureterostomies or
      ureteroureterostomies. Six of the nine primary anastomotic leaks were corrected
      either by retrograde ureteral catheter drainage or re-suturing of the anastomotic
      defect. Only one patient died as a result of complications following a leak. The
      operative technique is described with emphasis on the important details believed
      necessary for consistent success in performing this procedure.

PMID- 1091220
TI  - Pneumonectomy by "en masse" stapling of hilar vessels.
AB  - Since the development of automatic surgical stapling instruments in the Soviet
      Union in the 1950s and their description in the American literature in 1961,
      American surgeons have used them for a variety of pulmonary resections. However,
      there is no account of their use in this country for pneumonectomy by "en masse"
      stapling of the hilar structures. We have used this whenever it was applicable in
      41 consecutive pneumonectomies since 1967. There were 2 postoperative deaths, 1
      due to pulmonary embolism and the other to myocardial infarction. There were no
      complications attributable to the operative technique used. The only empyema
      developed nine months postoperatively and was not accompanied by bronchial
      fistula. Cancer-free survival was 43% at two and one-half years and 33% at five
      years. The technique of en masse stapling of hilar vessels renders pneumonectomy
      easier, safer, and faster than the technique of individual ligation.

PMID- 1091221
TI  - Subclavian arterioplasty for the ipsilateral Blalock-Taussig shunt.

PMID- 1091222
TI  - Cardiac output determination in infants and small children after open
      intracardiac operations.

PMID- 1091223
TI  - The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, 1975-1976. Officers. Members.

PMID- 1091225
TI  - [Polish bibliography of the history of medicine].

PMID- 1091224
TI  - The spectrum concept of schizophrenia. Problems for diagnostic practice.
AB  - The spectrum concept of schizophrenia posits that a number of psychopathologic
      states, both psychotic and nonpsychotic, may share some genetic basis with
      schizophrenia, and may therefore constitute, together with schizophrenia itself,
      a genetic spectrum of schizophrenic disorders. While this is a valuable and
      promising research concept, its application to diagnostic practice could broaden
      the boundaries of schizophrenia to include patients with other conditions, thus
      rendering a larger population at risk for the untoward effects of the
      schizophrenia disgnosis itself. This may have already occurred in the Soviet
      Union, where a diagnostic system derived from a variant of the spectrum concept
      is used in routine diagnostic practice. The adoption of a spectrum-based
      diagnostic system should await further research on the boundaries of the
      spectrum, and more detailed descriptions of confirmed spectrum states.

PMID- 1091226
TI  - [Social aspects of health services in the light of papers published in the
      Archiwum Historii Medycyny].

PMID- 1091227
TI  - [Problems of natural sciences in the Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny oraz
      Historii Nauk Przyrodniczych].

PMID- 1091228
TI  - [Pharmaceutica in the Archiwum Historii Medycyny (1924-1973)].

PMID- 1091229
TI  - [Contribution from the Wielkopolska territories to the history of medicine and
      studies in the field of history of medicine in the Nowiny Lekarskie].

PMID- 1091231
TI  - [Participation of Polish physicians in the awakening of national awareness in the
      Prussian part of occupied Poland and in the preparation of the Insurrection (1815
      1918)].

PMID- 1091230
TI  - [Professor Adam Wrzosek, M.D., editor and publisher of the Archiwum Historii i
      Filozofii Medycyny in the years 1924-1949].

PMID- 1091232
TI  - [Medical care extended to infants in Wielkopolska in the years 1919-1939].

PMID- 1091233
TI  - [Medical incunabula of Gniezno and marginal notes made by their readers and
      owners].

PMID- 1091234
TI  - [Scientific contacts in the field of medicine between Leszno and Halle (on the
      3rd centenary of Jan Jonston's death].

PMID- 1091235
TI  - Rehabilitation medicine: its future in national health programs.

PMID- 1091236
TI  - Sex research and social change.
AB  - The history of scientific sex research which emerged at the turn of the century
      with the exemplary work of Sigmund Freud and Havelock Ellis has been complexly
      interactive with changing general social conditions, specific trends in sexual
      conduct, the content of sexual ideologies, and the developing techniques of
      scientific inquiry. The earliest sex researchers, although serving to bring
      sexuality out of the Victorian cold and into the center of human development
      based their views of sexuality on control-repression and drive models. The
      Freudian tradition was especially influential in general intellectual matters and
      was probably the most important in the development of twentieth-century sexual
      ideologies. Beginning in the 1920s and culminating in the work of Kinsey in the
      1940s and 1950s, a tradiition of social bookkeeping began focusing on the sexual
      behavior of relatively normal persons. Methodologically such studies moved away
      from the case history and from populations who were defined as criminal or
      neurotic. At the same time, general social changes were occurring that were
      directly affecting the rates and directions of sexual conduct in the society. The
      work of Alfred Kinsey charted these changes and in turn influenced public
      attitudes, public policy, and research interests during the 1950s and 1960s. The
      work of other researchers began to fill in the picture of sexual conduct in the
      society from a survey point of view, and some workers began studies in sexual
      deviance that focused anew on homosexuality and prostitution. The work of William
      Masters and Virginia Johnson served to open the door to studies of sexual anatomy
      and physiology by applying well-known techniques to the laboratory study of the
      sexual. While the biological tradition is still strong in the discussion of the
      sexual, new emphases are being placed on a cognitive-social learning persepctive
      that emphasizes the nonbiological factors in sexual development. Major changes
      have occurred in the sexual backdrop of the society in the 1960s, and while
      changes in sexual conduct have been less than revolutionary, they have occurred
      in a number of areas (contraception, abortion) that have directly influenced
      societal practices. Sex research and the sex researcher have played an important
      role in providing benchmarks for sexual practices, illuminating general
      understanding, and providing the content for ideiolicaal debates about the right
      and wrong of sexuality in the society. In few areas of research have researchers
      had such an important role in the debate over the measning and significance of
      the behavior they have studied.

PMID- 1091237
TI  - Molecular pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The study of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus revealed the close
      association of the disease with measles--or a related virus. High titres of
      antibodies to measles virus were found in patients that correlated with the
      course of the disease. Immunofluorescence tests revealed measles virus or a
      related antigen in lupus-affected tissues. Inclusion bodies consisting of
      paramyxovirus-like ribonucleoprotein structures were regularly detected in both
      affected tissues and leukocytes. Molecular hybridization of measles virus RNA
      with DNA from the affected tissues showed that DNA transcripts of measles or a
      closely related virus are integrated in the cellular nuclear DNA. Possible
      pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease are discussed.

PMID- 1091238
TI  - Early events in myxovirus replication: immunofluorescent spots.
AB  - Indirect immunofluorescent staining of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells infected with
      two influenza A strains, WSA (HON1) and TUR (Hav1 Nav3), revealed early
      fluorescent spots which became detectable in the cytoplasm within 30 minutes of
      infection, before the nucleoprotein antigen appeared in the nucleus. These spots
      seemed to be linked to some structural antigen of the virus not identical with
      hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, or nucleoprotein. Their formation was not inhibited
      by actinomycin, p-fluorophenylalanine or amantadine in concentrations sufficient
      to block viral replication; amantadine led to an altered time course of spot
      evolution and to the emergence of coarser spots. The exact serologic specificity
      of early spots remains to be worked out but appears to differ from that of known
      influenza A antigens.

PMID- 1091240
TI  - Neurological and medical afflictions recorded by pre-Colombian Mexican craftsmen.

PMID- 1091239
TI  - Immunofluorescence in differentiating the immunopathogenesis of renal disease.

PMID- 1091241
TI  - Arizona mental health in territorial days. PArt IV.

PMID- 1091242
TI  - Immunofluorescent determination of the relative proportions of Streptococcus
      mutans in human dental plaque: a comparison with cultural techniques.

PMID- 1091243
TI  - The lens.
AB  - The subjects to be reviewed are as follows: (1) Anatomy, histology, and
      pathology. (2) Genetic and congenital anomalies. (3) Cataract. (Under cataract we
      shall consider the following: incidence and prevention of blindness from
      cataract; formation of an experimental production of cataract; cataract related
      to ocular and systemic disease; cataract related to medication, trauma, and
      radiation; medical treatment of cataract; cataract surgery; complications of
      cataract surgery; optical correction of aphakia.) (4) Exfoliation syndrome.

PMID- 1091244
TI  - Obituary. George Nelms Wise, MD 1915 - 1974.

PMID- 1091245
TI  - Current management of non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma of the head and neck.
AB  - Older nomenclature for non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma has undergone revision to
      more accurate terminology based on cytology and histological pattern.
      Presentation of non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma above the supraclavicular fossa
      demands through investigation to rule out occult disease in bone marrow and the
      intra-abdominal space. This is accomplished by appropriate clinical evaluation
      including lymphangiogram and exploratory laparotomy. However, the value of
      exploratory laparotomy for staging on increased survival rates in non-Hodgkin
      malignant lymphoma of the head and neck has not been established.

PMID- 1091246
TI  - Transsternal radical neck dissection. Postoperative complications and management.
AB  - In 1962, Sisson et al reported the use of the transsternal radical neck
      dissection for carcinoma recurring in the peristomal area after laryngectomy. We
      have performed over 50 transsternal radical neck dissections in the past 14
      years. A significant number of early cases succumbed to the postoperative
      problems of fistula, infection, and large vessel rupture. Our two cases
      illustrate intraoperative and postoperative complications. Management of these
      complications is discussed. Morbidity and mortality has decreased as we have
      gained experience in the management of these problems.

PMID- 1091247
TI  - Repair of extended laryngotracheal stenosis.
AB  - The most challenging laryngotracheal stenosis are those that exceed 5 cm in
      length and involve more than one area of the larynx and trachea contiguously. A
      successful technique for the repair of these injuries with a three-stage
      laryngotracheal trough was created followed by anterior tracheal wall replacement
      with a skin-Marlex-muscle pedicle flap.

PMID- 1091248
TI  - Surgical repair of facial nerve branches. An analysis of different sheathing and
      suturing techniques.
AB  - The distal branches of the facial nerve are sometimes severed in various forms of
      trauma. These distal branches respond to repair differently than do the main
      trunk or other peripheral nerves. Actual axon counts must be done to determine
      the percentage of regrowth rather than measuring nerve diameter. Physiologic and
      histologic techniques were used to analyze sheathing and suturing techniques in
      the repair of facial nerve branches in rabbits. Repair sites were examined at
      various intervals up to four months after repair. Very small suture material (10
      0) must be used. Vein sheaths caused decreased axon regrowth, and strictures
      occurred when silicone elastomer sheaths were used. Seven stitches provided the
      best results in terms of axon regrowth, prevention of neuromas, and return of
      function. Three sutures or a continuous stitch produced poorer overall results.

PMID- 1091249
TI  - Modified nondelayed forehead flap.
AB  - The versatility and benefit of the forehead flap need not be lost when the
      external carotid artery system has been ligated. By basing the forehead flap
      laterally on the scalp, nourishment from the opposite external carotid artery
      gives the head and neck surgeon another advantage in reconstruction with
      nondelayed expedience. We report three cases of wide cheek ablative surgery,
      external carotid ligation, and utilization of the forehead flap. The occasions to
      use this modified nondelayed forehead flap are few, but it offers the same
      advantage without staging. It definitely can be used in any situation requiring a
      forehead flap when the external carotid artery system has been ligated.

PMID- 1091251
TI  - Letter: Historical notes.

PMID- 1091250
TI  - Incus window in transposition.
AB  - In aiding the positioning of the incus in incus transposition, a hole, the incus
      window, is drilled completely through the body of the incus. Through the window
      the surgeon has a visual as well as a tactile reference to the head of the
      stapes. At one year results show that 182 of 201 patients closed the air-bone gap
      to within 20 dB of the preoperative bone level.

PMID- 1091252
TI  - A quantitative study of the effect of endotoxin on embryonating chicken eggs.
AB  - A quantitative study of the effect of endotoxin on embryonating chicken eggs
      revealed the importance of several variables. In the study, the chorioallanotic
      membrane was detached (i.e.,dropped) from the eggshell membrane on the 9th and
      11th incubation days. Various doses of endotoxin in various amounts of diluent
      were applied on the dropped membrane on the 11th day. Embryo deaths were greater
      when the membrane was dropped on the 11th day. Within the limits of our trial,
      the variables were, in decreasing order of significance: 1) the day the membrane
      was dropped; 2) the amount of endotoxin applied; and 3) an interaction between 1
      and 2. The volume of diluent had no significant effect on mortality. The
      importance of these variables is discussed with reference to the design of
      additional experiments with endotoxin.

PMID- 1091253
TI  - An outbreak of type-C botulism in three-weeek-old broilers.
AB  - Botulism was diagnosed in 3-week-old broilers from clinical signs, absence of
      postmortem and histopathological lesions, and demonstration of toxin in the serum
      of comatose birds. Passive immunization of mice with Clostridium botulinum type-C
      antitoxin protected against a challenge with serum from comatose birds containing
      the Cl. botulinum toxin. Total mortality for the grow-out period exceeded 27% and
      was not altered by water medication with penicillin. Bacitracin at 100 g per ton
      reduced mortality to 5-7 birds per day.

PMID- 1091254
TI  - Plastic embedding of avian tissues for diagnostic histopathology.
AB  - A series of photomicrographs show the histologic features of avian tissues
      embedded in plastic and sectioned on glass knives. The techniques described gave
      superior resolution, less cell shrinkage, and fewer sectioning artifacts than
      sections prepared with conventional paraffin methods.

PMID- 1091255
TI  - Direct immunofluorescent technique in diagnosis of experimental salmonellosis of
      turkeys.
AB  - Young turkey poults were experimentally infected with Salmonella heidelberg to
      evaluate the standard tube agglutination test (TAT) and direct fluorescent
      antibody test (DFAT), and to correlate results of these procedures with the
      spread pattern of the organisms in the feces using conventional culture
      procedures for the detection and isolation of S heidelberg from cloacal swabs.
      The DFAT test detected fecal excretors considerably longer than bacterial
      isolation and gave better results. The cultural method was not the most reliable
      and sensitive method, especially when compared with the DFAT. All control birds
      remained negative bacteriologically serologically, and with the DFAT during the
      observation period.

PMID- 1091257
TI  - Locus coeruleus and intracranial self-stimulation: a cautionary note.

PMID- 1091258
TI  - Self-stimulation in the dorsal pontine tegmentum in the rat.

PMID- 1091259
TI  - A behavioral estimate of the neurophysiological strength-duration curve.

PMID- 1091260
TI  - [Demonstration of rabies in a bat in Berlin].

PMID- 1091261
TI  - [Initial isolation and identification of the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus
      in Salmonidae in the Federal Republic of Germany].

PMID- 1091256
TI  - Antibiotic resistance plasmids of Staphylococcus aureus and their clinical
      importance.

PMID- 1091262
TI  - Digitoxose and the existence of a glucoreceptor in the beta cells of the islets
      of Langerhans of the rat.

PMID- 1091263
TI  - Uncoupler and anaerobic resistant transport of phosphate in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1091265
TI  - Active site-directed inactivation of cystathionine gamma-synthetase and glutamic
      pyruvic transaminase by propargylglycine.

PMID- 1091264
TI  - Temperature dependent alteration in bacterial protein composition.

PMID- 1091266
TI  - Studies on the inhibition of insulin release, glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
      by somatostatin in the rat islets of langerhans and isolated hepatocytes.

PMID- 1091267
TI  - Identification of a protein from Escherichia coli whose synthesis appears to be
      triggered by the initiation of DNA replication.

PMID- 1091268
TI  - Methylation of TMV RNA.

PMID- 1091269
TI  - The isolation of a soluble type III collagen precursor from rat skin.

PMID- 1091270
TI  - [Pivampicillin and ampicillin in experimental E. coli pyelonephritis].
AB  - The antimicrobiol activity of 6-[D(--)-alpha-aminophenylacetamido]-penicillanic
      acid-(pivaloyloxymethyl)-ester (privampicillin) was tested in comparison to
      ampicillin during the acute ascending pyelonephritis of the rat caused by E.
      coli. Two groups of rats were treated with different drug concentrations; group
      I:3 times 70 mg/kg/day pivampicillin and 3 times 50 mg/kg/day ampicillin, group
      II: 3 times 70 mg/kg/day pivampicillin and 3 times 150 mg/kg/day ampicillin;
      controls were inoculated three times daily with 1.0 ml physiological saline. A
      higher activity of pivampicillin was found in the first group as proved by
      bacterial counting in the left and the right renal parenchyma as well as in the
      urine. In the second group the efficacy of ampicillin was increased.

PMID- 1091271
TI  - [Cellular kinetics of the primary immune response after application of
      phytohemagglutinin].
AB  - The Jerne technique, a proved method for detecting the number of plaque-forming
      cells (PFC) in spleen, shows an immunosuppressive effect of phytohemagglutine
      (PHA) on primary immune response. Kinetic studies are done on 300 NMRI mice,
      considering the number of PFC/10-8 spleen cells. Significant suppressions of the
      primary immune response are found if PHA is applied either one day before or
      together with antigen provided that studies are done 3, 4 or 5 days after
      immunization with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). The role of activated T
      lymphocytes concerning the diminution of immune response is discussed.

PMID- 1091272
TI  - [Clinical study on five depot neuroleptics.  Comparison of effective profiles of
      fluphenazinedecanoate, fluspirilene, penfluridol, perphenazine-enanthate and
      pipothiazinepalmitate].
AB  - Five depot neuroleptics (fluphenazinedeconoate, fluspirilene,
      pipothiazinepalmitate, penfluridol and perphenazine-enanthate) were compared
      based on clinical trials in subacute and chronic schizophrenic patients.  The
      psychopathological symptoms were documented by means of the AMP-system. 
      Statistical analyses showed several differences between the effects of the five
      substances.  The AMP-system proved a useful instrument to differentiate similar
      drugs.

PMID- 1091274
TI  - [Editorial: The ideal suture].

PMID- 1091273
TI  - Goodpasture's syndrome: report of a case documented with electron microscopy and
      immunofluorescent studies.

PMID- 1091275
TI  - Eric Schofield.

PMID- 1091276
TI  - Charles Henry Nicholls.

PMID- 1091278
TI  - Letter: 'Acid-etch incisal restorative materials'.

PMID- 1091277
TI  - Letter: Acid etching solutions: a danger.

PMID- 1091279
TI  - An initial clinical assessment of a mineralising mouthrinse.

PMID- 1091280
TI  - Anterior porcelain crowns in general practive.

PMID- 1091281
TI  - Acid-etch technique. An international symposium.

PMID- 1091282
TI  - Intermediate coronary care. A controlled trial.
AB  - A controlled trial of intermediate coronary care was carried out over a five-year
      period at a district general hospital. One thousand male patients under 65 were
      allocated at random into a group kept in the same ward as the coronary care unit
      (CCU) and a control group discharged from the CCU to a general medical ward. The
      intermediate care patients were nursed by the CCU staff, resuscitation equipment
      was immediately available and there was an efficient emergency call system. The
      mortality was the same in both groups and no more patients survived cardiac
      arrest to leave hospital in the intermediate care group than among the controls,
      though initial resuscitation was more often successful. The failure of
      intermediate coronary care was attributed to the rarity of primary ventricular
      fibrillation after discharge from the CCU.

PMID- 1091283
TI  - Maximal intestinal absorption of digoxin, and its relation to steady state plasma
      concentration.
AB  - In a group of 8 volunteers, peak plasma digoxin concentrations and areas under 80
      hour plasma concentration curves were significantly greater after 1 mg digoxin in
      paediatric elixir than after 4 0,25 mg tablets. Mean cumulative urinary excretion
      of digoxin over 12 days was 46.4 per cent after tablets, 53.6 per cent after
      elixir, and 70.8 per cent after intravenous injection. Mean percentage absorption
      was estimated to be 63 per cent from tablets and 75 per cent from elixir, but
      considerable between-subject variation was noted. Individual estimates of
      percentage absorption were significantly correlated with plasma concentrations in
      the steady state. Computer programmes to relate steady state plasma concentration
      to oral digoxin dosage take no account of absorptive capacity, are limited to
      gross approximations, and cannot replace determination of plasma concentration to
      assess the degree of digitalization.

PMID- 1091284
TI  - Fluorescence energy transfer between ligand binding sites on aspartate
      transcarbamylase.
AB  - The method of fluorescence energy transfer is used to measure the distances
      between several sites on aspartate transcarbamylase. Both fluorescence steady
      state and lifetime techniques are used. When the tryptophans on the catalytic
      subunit are the fluorescent donor groups, either pyridoxamine phosphate,
      covalently bound to an amino group at the active site, or 8-anilino-1
      naphthalenesulfonate, noncovalently bound at the active site, is the acceptor
      group. The distance between tryptophan and the active site is calculated to be 2e
      A assuming that the fluorescence of only one tryptophan per catalytic polypeptide
      chain is quenched by the acceptor or 27 A assuming that both tryptophans on a
      catalytic chain are equally quenched. The pyridoxamine phosphate label is also
      used as the fluorescent donor with mercurinitrophenol bound to the sulfhydryl
      group of the catalytic subunit as the energy acceptor. For this pair of labels
      the active site is determined to be very close to the sulfhydryl group on the
      same catalytic chain and 26 A from the sulfhydryl groups on the other chains of
      the catalytic trimer. In experiments with pyridoxamine phosphate at the active
      site as the donor and 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate at the active site as the
      acceptor, a distance of 26 A between active sites of a catalytic trimer is found.
      No energy transfer is observed from pyridoxamine phosphate at the active site to
      a fluorescamine derivative of cytidine 5'-triphosphate at the regulatory site.
      This implies that these groups are separated by at least 42 A in the native
      enzyme. All of the distances are calculated using the assumption of rapid
      rotation of donor and acceptor dipole moments relative to the donor fluorescence
      lifetime. Fluorescence polarization measurements suggest this assumption does not
      produce a significant error in the calculated distances. The distances between
      the various sites are related to the subunit structure of aspartate
      transcarbamylase.

PMID- 1091285
TI  - The quaternary structure of citrate synthase from Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - A combination of equilibrium ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis techniques has been used to establish the quaternary structure of
      citrate synthase from acetate-grown Escherichia coli K12 3000. In polyacrylamide
      gels containing 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the pure enzyme showed one
      major band whose mobility was consistent with a molecular weight of 46,000 plus
      or minus 2000 g/mol, and a little material of 87,000 plus or minus 5000 g/mol.
      When first cross-linked with dimethyl suberimidate and then submitted to
      electrophoresis in SDS, citrate synthase showed six bands, in widely different
      amounts, whose apparent molecular weights were almost integral multiples of
      47,000 g/mol. The dimer was the major product of the cross-linking procedure. In
      6 M guanidine HCl at pH 7.0, citrate synthase behaved as a single component in
      high-speed sedimentation equilibrium experiments, with a weight average molecular
      weight of 43,400 plus or minus 300 g/mol. The molecular weight of native citrate
      synthase was investigated by high-speed sedimentation equilibrium
      ultracentrifugation under different conditions of pH and KCl concentration. In
      0.02 M Tris-Cl at pH 7.0 and 7.8, the enzyme was a mixture of oligomers, with
      species ranging from monomer (47,000 g/mol) to greater than decamer being
      present. At pH 9.0, only dimer was seen (94,000 g/mol). Large aggregates were
      present at pH 10.0. The addition of small amounts of KCl, a potent activator of
      the enzyme, simplified the mixture of oligomers considerably at pH 7.8. A
      detailed analysis of the data with 0.05 M KCl indicated that dimer and hexamer
      were the only species present, with marked nonideality. Increasing the KCl
      concentration to 0.10 M converted all the enzyme to hexamer. The amino acid
      composition of E. coli citrate synthase was presented. Taken together with
      peptide mapping experiments of others (J. A. Wright and B. D. Sanwal (1971), J.
      Biol. Chem. 246 1689), it indicates that the subunits have all the same or very
      similar amino acid sequences. The dansylation method revealed only methionine at
      the N-termini of the citrate synthase polypeptide chains. Citrate synthase from
      E. coli thus resembles the enzyme from eukaryotes in that it consists of subunits
      weighing just under 50,000 g/mol, although these subunits are more highly
      aggregated in the bacterial enzyme under most conditions. This conclusion is in
      disagreement with that of Wright and Sanwal (1971, see above), who reported a
      subunit size of 62,000 g/mol.

PMID- 1091286
TI  - Biosynthesis of bacterial menaquinones. Menaquinone mutants of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The isolation of six menaquinone mutants of Escherichia coli is described. It was
      shown that the mutants fall into two genetic classes. The first class carries
      mutations in a gene designated menA, which was located at minute 78 on the E.
      coli chromosome by cotransduction with the glpK and metB genes. The second class
      carries mutations in a gene designated menB. It was shown that this gene was not
      cotransducible with the menA gene. The biosynthesis of menaquinone in E. coli was
      studied using a variety of mutants blocked in aromatic biosynthesis together with
      the two classes of menaquinone mutants. It was demonstrated that chorismate is
      the branch point compound leading to menaquinone, and that 2-succinylbenzoic acid
      and 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid can serve as menaquinoone precursors in E.
      coli. It was also shown that menA- and menB- strains accumulate 1,4-dihydroxy-2
      naphthoic acid and 2-succinylbenzoic acid, respectively, in their culture
      supernatants. The accumulation of the two compounds by the mutants together with
      their activity as menaquinone precursors provide strong evidence that they ar
      true intermediates in menaquinone biosynthesis. A pathway is proposed for the
      biosynthesis of bacterial menaquinones in which each intermediate has been
      adequately characterized.

PMID- 1091287
TI  - Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli: degradation of gammairradiated DNA.
AB  - Irradiation of DNA in a nitrogen atmosphere with 60Co gamma-radiation produces at
      least two types of damage. The first type leads to single strand breaks in the
      DNA observed after exposure to alkali. This type of alkali-labile bond will be
      designated a spontaneous break. The second type of damage to DNA is an alteration
      which makes the DNA susceptible to phosphodiester bond hydrolysis by a 1600-fold
      purified preparation of endonuclease II of Escherichia coli and is designated an
      enzyme-sensitive site. This site is not alkali-labile. After irradiation,
      preincubation of the DNA either for days at 0 degrees or for 4 hr at 37 degrees
      increases both the spontaneous breaks and the enzyme sensitive sites. There is a
      greater increase of spontaneous breaks when the preincubation is in O2 compared
      to N2. The increase of enzyme sensitive sites due to the preincubation is not
      altered significantly by O2. The increase of spontaneous breaks during the
      preincubation is almost completely prevented by addition of either NaBH4 or NH2OH
      after the irradiation. The treatment can be before or after the preincubation.
      This effect indicates that these breaks are due to alkali-labile bonds possibly
      produced by depurination or depyrimidination reactions. That the spontaneous
      breaks are due primarily to alkali-labile bonds is supported by an experiment in
      which formamide gradients were used. Neither NaBH4 nor NH2OH has any effect on
      the enzyme sensitive sites. Addition of beta-mercaptoethanol (0.5 M) at the start
      of the preincubation prevents in part the appearance of both spontaneous breaks
      and enzyme-sensitive sites. It has no effect when added at the end of the
      preincubation. Catalase added before the preincubation has no effect on either
      type of damage. It is postulated that the spontaneous breaks occur because purine
      or pyrimidine radicals are formed (possibly hydroxyl radicals) which can then
      interact with oxygen to produce unstable intermediates. The intermediates then
      undergo either depurination or depyrimidination. The subsequent alkali catalyzed
      beta-elimination reaction of depurinated or depyriminidinated DNA is prevented by
      NaBH4 or NH2OH. An alternative hypothesis would involve damage to the sugar
      rather than to bases. The enzyme-sensitive sites represent another form of base
      damage which is not oxygen dependent. The chemical nature of either form of
      primary damage is not known.

PMID- 1091288
TI  - Transcription of bacteriophage T4 genome in vitro. Heterogeneity of RNA
      polymerase in crude extracts of normal and T4-infected Escherichia coli B.
AB  - In order to obtain RNA polymerase preparations carrying the necessary specificity
      determinants to transcribe the delayed-early genes of bacteriophage T4, crude
      extracts of uninfected and T4-infected Escherichia coli were fractionated in
      glycerol gradients of low ionic strength. In contrast to the reported
      sedimentation behavior of the purified enzyme, the RNA polymerase activity in
      crude extracts of normal and infected cells sedimented heterogeneously over a
      wide range of sedimentation coefficients. When the "heavy" (24-33 S) and "light"
      (14-20 S) regions of the gradient were precipitated with ammonium sulfate and
      recentrifuged, the former split into two subfractions, one again sedimenting
      heavy and the other sedimenting light. The latter did not split under the same
      conditions. The resulting subfractions from uninfected cell extracts had
      different thermal thermal stabilities at 50 degrees (half-lives ranging from 2-3
      to 25 min) while those from T4-infected cell extracts were very thermolabile
      (half-life of 1-2 min). All the subfractions were more active on T4 DNA than on
      calf-thymus DNA. They also formed rifampicin-resistant, RNA chain initiation
      complexes with T4 DNA. Based on the kinetics of heat inactivation with T4 and
      calf thymus DNAs as templates and preferential transcription of T4 DNA, it is
      proposed that the T4-infected cell enzymes prepared as described here harbor heat
      labile initiation factor(s). During infection the heavy sedimenting RNA
      polymerase activity disappears after 2.5 min at 37 degrees. This appears to
      require phage-specific protein synthesis because (a) it does not happen in the
      presence of chloramphenicol and (b) it does not happen in T4 ghost-infected
      cells.

PMID- 1091289
TI  - The outer membrane of Proteus mirabilis. I. Isolation and characterization of the
      outer and cytoplasmic membrane fractions.
AB  - 1. The crude envelope preparation obtained by sonication of Proteus mirabilis
      cells in the presence of lysozyme was separated into outer and cytoplasmic
      membrane fractions by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The outer membrane
      fraction accounted for about two thirds of the dry weight of the envelope
      preparation. 2. In thin sections, the outer and cytoplasmic membrane fractions
      were shown to consist of vesicles bounded by a single trilaminar membrane, but
      those of the outer membrane were considerably smaller and were frequently open,
      forming C-shaped structures. The cytoplasmic membrane vesicles were cleaved by
      freeze fracturing to expose fracture faces studded with particles, while the
      outer membrane fragments resisted cleavage. 3. The outer membrane fraction
      consisted of protein (similar to 40%), lipopolysaccharide (similar to 36%) and
      lipid (similar to 18%) and had a density of about 1.22 g/cm3. The cytoplasmic
      membrane fraction consisted mostly of protein (similar to 56%) and lipid (similar
      to 38%), had a density of about 1.16 g/cm3, and contained almost all the NADH
      oxidase, succinate and D-lactate dehydrogenase activities of the crude envelope
      preparation. 4. Electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium
      dodecylsulfate revealed over 20 polypeptide bands in the cytoplasmic membrane
      fraction and only 6-7 in the outer membrane fraction. The outer membrane
      electrophorogram was dominated by a major band (mol. wt 40 000) which was
      resolved into two bands when electrophoresed in an acidic gel system. Amino acid
      analysis revealed a higher content of polar amino acids in the protein moiety of
      the outer membrane.

PMID- 1091290
TI  - Efficient polyphenylalanine synthesis with proflavine and ethidium labeled tRNA
      Phe from yeast in the reticulocyte ribosomal system.

PMID- 1091291
TI  - Relationships between non-extractable DNA and the bacterial growth cycle.
AB  - Escherichia coli DNA has been fractionated into extractable and non-extractable
      DNA after deproteinization of detergent-lysed cell preparations with chloroform
      isoamyl alcohol. The former was extracted with dilut buffered saline whereas the
      latter remained in the interphase layer associated with residual cellular debris
      from which almost 40 percent could be released by incubating with pronase. About
      20-25 percent more amino acid residues were bound to the pronase-released DNA
      than to the extractable DNA, but the relative distribution of the residues in the
      two DNA samples was virtually identical. The specific activities and the relative
      amounts of denser (1.709g-cm-3) and lighter (on the surface of CsCl gradients)
      DNA fractions from E. coli, grown in the presence of labeled thymidine, indicated
      that these two corresponded to extractable and non-extractable DNA, respectively.
      The relative amounts of the two fractions varied with the growth phase primarily
      as a function of the growth rate. Age and metabolic state of cells in the culture
      or those used as inocula could modify this relative distribution. When growth
      rate was maximal, the ratio of the two remained at about 1. During lag phase when
      no appreciable net synthesis of DNA could be detected, there was a rapid and
      preferential incorporation of labeled thymidine into non-extractable DNA. A
      disproportionate increase in the fraction of the total DNA which was extractable,
      was also abserved but only when stationary phase cultures were used as inocula.
      Complete equilibration of the label in the two DNA fractions was attained only
      after cultures had reached mid-log phase of growth. Similar results were obtained
      when prelabeled cells were used. These data have been interpreted as suggesting
      that the rate of cell growth and DNA synthesis are related to the number or size
      of sites of attachment of DNA to some cellular structure. Newly synthesized DNA
      would be attached to different sites on this structure and initiation of DNA
      replication in lag phase would require reorientation of the two kinds of DNA.
      Small peptides which are firmly bound to the DNA and which vary quantitatively
      with the rate of DNA synthesis could perhaps be involved in the attachment to the
      sites.

PMID- 1091293
TI  - Escherichia coli mutants deficient in RNA accumulation at high temperature.
AB  - A selection technique is described which has permitted isolation of 10 mutants
      that continue to form protein, but are deficient in the accumulation of rRNA at
      42 degrees C. DNA-RNA hybridization experiments have demonstrated that most of
      these mutants are specifically defective in their ability to synthesize rRNA at
      the restrictive temperature. The bulk of the pulse-labeled RNA formed in such
      mutants at 42 degrees C appears to be mRNA, with normal instability as measured
      in the presence of rifampicin. The remaining mutants appear to synthesize normal
      levels of rRNA, but that rRNA does not accumulate in a stable form. Since all of
      these mutants continue to form protein, and most do not accumulate significant
      levels of ppGpp at 42 degrees C, it appears likely that the shut-off of rRNA
      synthesis at 42 degrees C does not act through a lesion in the rel locus. Thus,
      these mutants may reveal another element(s) required to promote ribosomal RNA
      formation.

PMID- 1091292
TI  - Aminoacylation of tRNA-Leu species from Escherichia coli and from the cytoplasm,
      chloroplasts and mitochondria of Phaseolus vulgaris by homologous and
      heterologous enzymes.
AB  - Leucyl-tRNA synthetase from Phaseolus vulgaris chloroplasts could be separated
      from its cytoplasmic counterpart upon chromatography on hydroxyapatite, but the
      cytoplasmic and mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetases could not be distinguished.
      The tRNALeu species from the various plant cell compartments and from Escherichia
      coli were aminoacylated using either homologous or heterologous enzymes; the
      levels of aminoacylation and the profiles of the leucyl-tRNAs upon reverse-phase
      chromatography were studied. Cytoplasmic tRNALeu species could be aminoacylated
      by the cytoplasmic or by the mitochondrial enzymes and in both cases yielded two
      peaks upon reverse-phase chromatography (RPC-5). But they could not be charged by
      the chloroplast-specific or by the E. coli enzynes. Mitochondrial tRNALeu species
      could be charged by the mitochondrial or by the cytoplasmic enzymes and in both
      cases yielded four peaks upon reverse phase (RPC-5) chromatography. But they
      could not be aminoacylated using the chloroplast-specific or the E. coli leucyl
      tRNA synthetases. Chloroplastic tRNALeu species can be divided into two classes:
      the first class contains four isoacceptor species which can be charged by the
      cytoplasmic or mitochondrial enzymes, but not by the chloroplast-specific or the
      E. coli enzymes; the second class contains three chloroplast-specific tRNALeu
      species which can be charged by the chloroplast-specific or the E. coli enzymes
      but not by the cytoplasmic or the mitochondrial enzymes. There are five
      isoacceptor tRNALeu species in E. coli; all are charged by the E. coli or the
      chloroplast-specific enzymes, while only one is aminoacylated by the plant
      cytoplasmic or mitochondrial enzymes.

PMID- 1091294
TI  - Contractile proteins. Major components of nuclear and chromosome non-histone
      proteins.
AB  - Two of the major non-histone proteins from Physarum polycephalum have been
      isolated under nondenaturing conditions and identified as actin and myosin. A
      third protein has been purified from crude nuclear actomyosin and from residual
      nonhistone fractions and found to bind actomyosin in the presence of Mg2+. In
      Physarum these proteins are not components of the nuclear membrane. Based on
      sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, similar proteins are
      also present in nuclei of HeLa cells and mouse embryo fibroblasts. Isolated
      metaphase chromosomes from Physarum show a several-fold enrichment in myosin and
      an altered ratio of actin to the Mg2+-dependent actomyosin binding protein as
      compared to interphase nuclei. When non-proliferative states are induced in any
      of these cells, the Mg2+-dependent actomyosin binding protein decreases while
      actin increases several fold in intranuclear concentration; concomitantly, there
      is a generalized condensation and inactivation of chromatin. Experiments with
      added purified radioactive nuclear actomyosin; comparative studies on nuclear
      protein during stepwise nuclear purification; and studies on isolated metaphase
      chromosomes indicate that these proteins exist in nuclei in vivo. These
      observations suggest that contractile proteins may function in the structural
      interconversions of chromatin and in the regulation of cell proliferation;

PMID- 1091295
TI  - 13C-enriched phosphatidylethanolamines from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli have been grown using [1-13C]acetate and [2-13C]acetate as the
      sole carbon source. The 13C NMR spectra of the whole cells and spheroplasts can
      be readily obtained but give limited information. The 13C NMR spectra of t-e
      isolated 13C-enriched phosphatidylethanolamines are assigned and analysed to give
      the biosynthetic pathway for acetate incorporation. This method provides a ready
      source of 13C-enriched phospholipids.

PMID- 1091296
TI  - Uridine diphosphate 2-deoxyglucose. Chemical synthesis, enzymic oxidation and
      epimerization.
AB  - The paper describes chemical synthesis of uridine diphosphate 2-deocyglucose
      (UDPdGLc) through reaction of uridine 5'-phosphomorpholidate with 2-deoxy-a-D
      glucopyranosyl phosphate. The prepared analog of uridine diphosphate glucose
      (UDPGlc) served as a substrate for calf liver UDPGlc dehydrogenases (EC
      1.1.1.22), the reaction product was identified as nucleotide deoxyhexuronic acid
      derivative. The apparent Km for UDPdGlc was found to be 60 times that of UDPGlc,
      and the relative V value for the analog was 0.09. The peculiar lag-eriod in
      reaction kinetics has been observed for the analog and is presumably connected
      with the slow rate of the initial stages of the reaction. UDPdGlc was found to be
      quite an efficient substrate for UDPGlc 4-epimerases (EC 5.13.2) from yeast, calf
      liver and mung bean seedlings.

PMID- 1091297
TI  - Alteration of regulation of arginine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli W by
      mutation to rifampin resistance.
AB  - The synthesis of acetylornithine delta-transaminase is induced by arginine and by
      rifampin in an arginine-inducible mutant of Escherichia coli W. A mutant of the
      arginine-inducible strain was isolated which is resistant to rifampin. The
      mutation which has brought about rifampin resistance has altered RNA polymerase
      and has simultaneously altered the regulation of arginine biosynthesis. Three of
      the enzymes of arginine biosynthesis, acetylornithinase, ornithine
      transcarbamylase, and argininosuccinase, show a greater rate of derepression and
      a 2--12-fold higher level of enzyme activity in the rifampin-resistant mutant
      than in the parent arginine-inducible strain. Acetylornithine delta-transaminase
      is no longer inducible by rifampin alone, and the level of inducibility by
      arginine plus rifampin has been reduced by 70%. The results indicate that RNA
      polymerase is involved in regulation of arginine biosynthesis in E. coli W.

PMID- 1091298
TI  - Purification of an inhibitor of DNA photolyase with fluorescent spectra similar
      to those of the enzyme.
AB  - 1. The binding of DNA photolyase, the enzyme which uncouples
      cyclobutadipyrimidines in DNA upon illumination, to its substrate was enhanced by
      a substance isolated from acidified autolysates of baker's yeast. 2. This
      substance, referred to as activator, was partially purified by chloroform
      extraction, ion-exchange chromatography on Dowex 50 and DEAE-cellulose, and gel
      filtration on Sephadex G-10. Upon lyophilization and storage at -20 degrees C, it
      was converted to a potent inhibitor of enzyme binding to substrate. 3. The
      inhibitor appeared as a single band in two thin-layer chromatography systems and
      was detected by ultraviolet absorbance, fluorescence, and ninhydrin staining. 4.
      The similarity between the fluorescence spectra of the inhibitor and the enzyme
      suggested that the inhibitor was structurally analogous to a chromophore in the
      enzyme and that the activator from which the inhibitor was derived may be the
      active chromophore of the enzyme.

PMID- 1091299
TI  - Action of exonuclease V (the recBC enzyme) on ultraviolet-irradiated DNA.
AB  - Exonuclease V (the recBC enzyme) of Escherichia coli can release pyrimidine
      dimers from ultraviolet-irradiated linear duplex DNA though it acts more slowly
      on irradiated DNA than on non-irradiated DAN. However, close circular lambda-dv
      DNA or phi X174 replicative form I DNA is not attacked by exonuclease V even
      though the DNA has been irradiated and treated with T4 endonuclease V to produce
      single-stranded breaks at the 5'-side of pyrimidine dimers. When irradiated
      circular DNA, previously nicked by T4 endonuclease V, is briefly exposed to
      elevated temperature, the DAN becomes susceptible to the action of exonuclease V,
      and pyrimidine dimers are selectively released. The increased susceptibility to
      exonuclease V may be resulted from locarized denaturation, or "fraying" of the 5'
      termini at the nicks. The preferential release of pyrimidine dimers was observed
      when irradiated DNA, treated with T4 endonuclease V, was incubated with crude
      extracts of Escherichia coli. The activity was found in various strains defective
      in exonuclease V and/or DNA polymerase I.

PMID- 1091300
TI  - Excision of pyrimidine dimers in normal and T4-infected Escherichia coli: effect
      of polA and other mutations.
AB  - Strains carrying both polA1 and recBts1 mutations, which are defective in DNA
      polymerase I and have thermolabile exonuclease V (the recBC enzyme), are viable
      at 30 degrees C but not at 42 degrees C. These mutants exhibit almost normal rate
      of dimer excision in vivo even at the restrictive temperature. Similar results
      were obtained with other polA minus strains. We have also investigated effect of
      host and phage mutations on excision of dimers in T4-infected cells. Only a small
      amount of dimer is excised in T4v-1-infected cells whereas an extensive and
      selective release of dimers takes place in T4D-infected cells. Other phage
      mutations, including mutations in gene 43 and gene 30, do not affect excision of
      dimers in infected cells.

PMID- 1091301
TI  - Cell division in Agmenellium quadruplicatum: evidence for the negative control by
      a protein.
AB  - A high temperature conditional snake mutant, strain D1, of Agmenellum
      quadruplicatum was isolated which immediately stopped dividing following a shift
      to 41 degrees C following treatment with nitrosoguanidine. This mutant was
      stimulated to divide at 41 degrees C by the addition of inhibitors of RNA or
      protein synthesis: rifampicin, streptomycin, puromycin and chloramphenicol. Each
      of these inhibitors exhibited a discrete concentration optimum. The optimal
      concentration of chloramphenicol for cell division corresponded to the minimal
      concentrations necessary for the rapid inhibition of protein synthesis. The
      ability of chloramphenicol and other inhibitors to induce cell division in
      filaments decayed rapidly upon shifting to 30 degrees C. These results are
      interpreted as evidence for a protein acting as a negative regulator late in the
      cell cycle. At 41 degrees C, DNA was found distributed as a continuous zone
      throughout the length of the filaments. The addition of inhibitors of protein or
      RNA synthesis resulted in a rapid condensation of this nuclear material into
      multiple discrete nuclear regions suggesting that the negative control may be at
      the level of nuclear compartmentalization.

PMID- 1091302
TI  - Solubilization of membranes by detergents.

PMID- 1091303
TI  - [Effect of ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic fields on the capillary bed,
      parenchyma and on certain biochemical indices of the rat testis].

PMID- 1091304
TI  - [Development and survival of Actinomyces sp. under starvation conditions].

PMID- 1091305
TI  - A double-blind study of electrosleep for anxiety and insomnia.
AB  - Despite largely negative findings, several subjects reported a remarkable
      improvement in their symptoms some two to three weeks after electrosleep (ES)
      treatment was concluded, so that it remains unclear whether or not ES may be an
      effective treatment. The clinical experience reported suggests that five half
      hour ES treatments may not be sufficient to produce significant changes in the
      patient's anxiety and insomnia. Further investigations are required to examine
      the effects of varying durations of treatment.

PMID- 1091306
TI  - Ovulation and luteal function in the rabbit in response to injection or infusion
      of synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH).

PMID- 1091307
TI  - Light-scattering study of the temperature dependence of Escherichia coli
      motility.
AB  - Two light-scattering techniques are used to study the temperature dependence of
      translational and rotational motility in Escherichia coli. The method of number
      fluctuation spectroscopy is developed theoretically and experimentally to measure
      the translational swimming speed of a smooth swimming strain of E. coli.
      Interference fluctuation techniques are used to study the rotational component of
      the motion. The results demonstrate that the thrust remains proportional the the
      torque generated by the flagella throughout the range studied and also show that
      relative changes in translational swimming speed may be inferred from the
      dynamics of rotational motion.

PMID- 1091308
TI  - Adverse effects of intrathecal methotrexate in children with acute leukemia in
      remission.
AB  - A toxic syndrome characterized by fever, headache, and vomiting, lasting 2-5
      days, occurred in 61% of 39 children with acute leukemia in complete remission,
      receiving central nervous system prophylaxis with intrathecal methotrexate, and
      in 14% of 34 children receiving the same plus cranial radiation. The syndrome was
      accompanied by pleocytosis with lymphocytes, monocytoid cells, and neutrophils.
      There was evidence of cumulative Mtx toxicity, since the toxic syndrome occurred
      mostly after the third and fourth dose and did not recur with longer intervals
      between doses. The incidence of the syndrome was significantly reduced by the use
      of Elliott's B solution as Mtx diluent, rather than water or normal saline. The
      occurrence of pleocytosis and toxic clinical syndrome was also significantly
      reduced in patients receiving concomitant cranial radiation, probably due to the
      lympholytic action of radiotherapy and the depressed cellular response of
      irradiated tissues. The use of Elliott's B solution as diluent for IT Mtx and an
      appropriate interval between Mtx doses are suggested for prevention of this toxic
      syndrome.

PMID- 1091309
TI  - Effect of bleeding on hematopoiesis following irradiation and marrow
      transplantation.
AB  - In previous studies, bleeding after irradiation did not affect the rate of
      regeneration of endogenous spleen colony-forming cells, but induced an early (4-6
      days after irradiation) appearance of erythrocytic colonies which differentiated
      and disappeared by days 7-8. This "abortive" wave was associated with a similarly
      abortive wave of splenic 59Fe uptake. The present experiments were done to
      determine whether or not an abortive wave of erythropoiesis could be induced in
      the transplanted, exogenous stem cell system. Lethally irradiated mice were given
      normal bone marrow cells and one-half of the group were bled of about one-third
      their blood volume within 4 hr of irradiation. Groups were killed on days 3-10
      after irradiation. Seventeen to twenty hours prior to killing, 59Fe was injected.
      Hematocrits, spleen weights, colony numbers, and per cent 59Fe uptake were
      determined. Hematocrits of bled mice averaged about 70% of those of cell-injected
      controls. Spleen weights, colony counts, and per cent 59Fe uptake per spleen
      began to increase about 1 day earlier in bled mice (days 4-5 as compared to days
      5-6), and rates of increase were the same as those of controls. However, no
      abortive wave of erythropoiesis was detected. A large cell dose resulted in
      earlier increases in all parameters than a small dose. Thus, bleeding after
      injection of cells produced results similar to those obtained by increasing the
      cell dose. The inability of bleeding to induce an early abortive wave of
      erythropoiesis in transplanted as compared to endogenous colony-forming systems
      may reflect differences in the cell cycling characteristics of these systems.

PMID- 1091310
TI  - The role of granulocytes in the activation of intravascular coagulation and the
      precipitation of soluble fibrin by endotoxin.
AB  - This study examines the role of neutrophils (PMN) in the pathogenesis of
      endotoxin-induced microclot formation. It is intended to clarify whether
      granulocytes are involved in endotoxin-induced activation of intravascular
      coagulation (generation of soluble fibrin) and/or in endotoxin-induced
      precipitation of soluble fibrin. Precipitation of soluble fibrin was achieved by
      injection of endotoxin into ancrod-infused rabbits with circulating soluble
      fibrin (first model). Activation of intravascular coagulation was elicited by two
      intravenous injections of endotoxin into rabbits (second model). Seventy-two and
      ninety-six hours after injection of nitrogen mustard, leukopenic rabbits had PMN
      counts between 0 and 50 cells per mul. Neutropenia did not prevent the occurrence
      of glomerular microclots after infusion of ancrod and injection of endotoxin
      (first model). Neutropenia influenced neither the decrease in mean fibrinogen
      concentrations nor the drop in mean platelet counts after ancrod and endotoxin
      administration. In contrast to the first model, neutropenia prevented the
      occurrence of glomerular microclots and of circulating soluble fibrin after two
      injections of endotoxin (second model). It did not, however, protect rabbits from
      the decrease in mean platelet counts after endotoxin administration. These data
      indicate that granulocytes are involved in endotoxin-induced activation of
      intravascular coagulation and the production of soluble fibrin but are not
      essential to endotoxin-induced precipitation of soluble fibrin.

PMID- 1091311
TI  - [Nitroblue-tetrazolium test in isolated human monocytes].
AB  - Depending upon the NBT charge 50 to 80% of isolated non stimulated human
      monocytes reduce NBT ro morphologically demonstrable Formazan. Similar to
      neutrophils two different patterns of reaction are exhibited: discrete load with
      finely distributed Formazan granula surrounding the nucleus; massive reaction
      with large distributed Formazan granula surrounding the nucleus; massive reaction
      with large Formazan deposits throughout the cytoplasma. In a low percentage
      morphologically desintegrated, massive loaden cells appear. After an additional
      incubation in medium without NBT the number of these necrotic cells increases.
      The phagocytosis of IgG-coated red cells is impaired after incubation of the
      monocytes in NBT. In the presence of an alkylating agent not only the NBT
      reaction is inhibited; the number of necrotic cells is also diminished.
      Apparently the Formazan is cytotoxic. The significance of these results in
      particular in cases of enhanced NBT reduction is discussed. Compared with the
      findings of other authors concerning the neutrophils the monocytes possess a
      markedly stronger NBT reducing activity. Considering the lower bactericidal
      capacity of the monocytes NBT reduction does not in every case parallel
      bactericidal activity.

PMID- 1091313
TI  - Pathology of viral hepatitis and its sequelae.

PMID- 1091312
TI  - Elaboration of hepatocytic bile.

PMID- 1091314
TI  - Toward hepatitis B vaccines.

PMID- 1091315
TI  - Immunological reactivity and viral hepatitis.

PMID- 1091316
TI  - Immunologic reactivity and alcoholic liver disease.

PMID- 1091317
TI  - Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni: an immunologic disease.

PMID- 1091318
TI  - Clinical physiologic approach to the patient with portal hypertension.

PMID- 1091319
TI  - Assessing psychological conflict.
AB  - A method was constructed to assess cognitive conflict. It uses a large number of
      a subject's beliefs and attitudes which may be connected with his personal
      problems. The subject rates the direction and the degree of these beliefs and
      attitudes and the proportion of conflict involved in them is then calculated by
      computer according to a model basically derived from Heider's cognitive balance
      theory.

PMID- 1091320
TI  - Haemorrhagic and necrotizing pancreatitis.

PMID- 1091322
TI  - Sir William Petty.

PMID- 1091321
TI  - Single layer anastomosis after rectosigmoid resection.
AB  - Anastomosis after resection of the rectosigmoid colon is often followed by
      leakage at the suture line. When occult leakage discovered on routine contrast
      study is included incidence rates of over 50 per cent have recently been
      reported. A single layer interrupted seromuscular inverting technique was used
      for the anastomosis after elective rectosigmoid resection in 52 consecutive
      patients. The total incidence of suture line leakage was 6 per cent. Therefore a
      high incidence of anastomotic dehiscence in the rectum can be avoided and it is
      concluded that a single layer technique is sound.

PMID- 1091323
TI  - A. J. Hawes.

PMID- 1091324
TI  - E. W. Assinder, M.D.

PMID- 1091325
TI  - The border-land of epilepsy revisited. The seventh Gowers memorial lecture.

PMID- 1091326
TI  - Myelinization in long-term cultures of dissociated mammalian neurons.

PMID- 1091327
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. A. Pontuch, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1091328
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. L. Ciganek, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1091329
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Vladislav Zikmund, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1091330
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Ladislav Chmel, M.D., D.Sc., Corresponding Member of the
      Slovak Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 1091331
TI  - ["Sniffing" and polytoxicomania (author's transl)].

PMID- 1091332
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Vaclav Pitha].

PMID- 1091333
TI  - Selective labelling ot the methyl carboxylate substituents found in the anticodon
      sequences of some species of yeast transfer RNA.
AB  - (1) By incubation in 0.1 M NaOH for 10 min at room temperature, it is possible to
      "saponify" some of the methyl carboxylate linkages in bulk yeast tRNA. By
      incubation with S-adenosyl(Me-14-C)methionine and either homologous (yeast) or
      heterologous (wheat-embryo) enzymes, it is then possible to "re-esterify" the
      "saponified" tRNA and thereby effect selective labelling at 5
      carboxymethyluridine (Me-14-C)methyl ester residues. (2) There is also selective
      labelling at 2-thio-5-carboxymethyluridine (Me-14-C)methyl ester residues when
      "saponified" yeast tRNA is incubated with S-adenosyl(Me-14-C)methionine and
      homologous (but not heterologous) enzymes. (3) When selectively labelled yeast
      tRNA is hydrolyzed by RNase T-1, both 5-carboxymethyluridine (Me-14-C)methyl
      ester and its 2-thio-analogue are released as part of large oligonucleotides,
      each of which contains roughly 10 nucleotide residues. (4) There are at least
      three, and possibly four (Me-14-C)methyl ester-containing oligonucleotides
      released by RNase T-1 digestion of selectively labelled "saponified" yeast tRNA.
      A comparison of the chromatographic properties of the different (Me-14
      C)oligonucleotides suggests that the same 5-carboxymethyluridine residues are
      probably targets for both homologous and heterologous enzymes. (5) The properties
      of the selectively labelled oligonucleotides are consistent with the view that
      some of them probably are derived from yeast tRNA-3-Glu, tRNA-2-Lys, and tRNA-3
      Arg, all of which are known to contain 5-carboxymethyl methyl esters as part of
      their anticodon sequences.

PMID- 1091334
TI  - An improved method for the isolation of surface membranes from cells in monolayer
      culture.
AB  - A modification of the procedure reported by Scher and Barland (Biochim. Biophys.
      Acta 255 (1972) 580-588) for the isolation of the surface membranes of cells
      grown in monolayer culture is described. The modification involves addition of a
      purification step utilizing the two-phase polymer system described by Brunette
      and Till (J. Membr. Biol. 5 (1971) 215-224). The modified method permits the
      isolation of surface membranes from cells not yet at confluence, when they may
      easily become detached from the substratum.

PMID- 1091335
TI  - Degradation of RNA in nuclei from Ehrlich ascites cells.
AB  - Nuclei were prepared from Ehrlich ascites cells in 80% yield by homogenization of
      the cells in an aqueous solution containing Triton N-101 and washing of the
      nuclear fraction by centrifugation and resuspension. Compared to the enzyme
      activities present in cell extracts, approximately 47% exo-RNase I, 15% alkaline
      RNase II, 9% acid RNase II and 7% acid phosphatase were associated with the
      nuclear fraction after isolation. Exo-RNase I and alkaline RNase II were rapidly
      lost from nuclei during incubation at 37 degrees C. The degradation of newly
      synthesized RNA in nuclei incubated at 37 degrees C was followed by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by characterization of acid-soluble
      degradation products. The rate of hydrolysis of the nuclear RNA was rapid during
      the initial stages of incubation and then proceeded at a much reduced rate.
      Nucleoside 5'-phosphates were the major acid-soluble degradation products, in
      agreement with the presence of exo-RNase I. Although a considerable amount of
      alkaline RNase II was associated with the nuclear fraction, extensive
      endonucleolytic cleavage of the nuclear RNA was not apparent. Compared to the
      processing of nuclear RNA in whole cells, however, the degradation in isolated
      nuclei was relatively non-specific.

PMID- 1091336
TI  - An experimentally pathogenic Bacillus species. I. Description and
      characterization of the organism.
AB  - A previously underscribed Bacillus species has been characterized. The organism
      was isolated from a blood transfusion bottle implicated in a fatal bacteriogenic
      transfusion reaction and has been examined from a number of different aspects to
      characterize it as completely as necessary to provide identification. It was
      placed into group 3 of the genus Bacillus on the basis of its cellular
      morphology, the morphology of the sporangium, and the location of the spore
      within the cell. There are only three other species described in this group.
      Since the organism differed markedly from each of these, it appears to represent
      a new species.

PMID- 1091337
TI  - Fungal fimbriae. III. The effect on flocculation in Saccharomyces.
AB  - Flocculent strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. carlsbergensis (S. uvarum)
      produced many short (0.5 mum) hairs (fimbriae) on the outer cell walls. Non
      flocculent strains produce few fimbriae. Cells that are flocculent in wort but
      not in defined medium produce fimbriae only in the former medium. Cells treated
      with pronase lose both their fimbriae and the ability to flocculate. Cells
      treated with alpha-amylase retain some fimbriae but lose the ability to
      flocculate. It is suggested that the fimbriae may be the surface mannan-protein
      complexes known to be involved in flocculation and also in protein secretion.
      Haploid cells of both mating types also produced fimbriae, some of which
      apparently have a terminal knob.

PMID- 1091338
TI  - Detection and measurement of bacterial catalase by the disk-flotation method
      using the Catalasemeter.

PMID- 1091339
TI  - Evaluation of polyglycolic aicd sutures in colon anastomoses.
AB  - An experimental study was carried out in dogs to compare the healing
      characteristics of colon anastomoses constructed with silk and catgut, with those
      in which Dexon sutures of the same gauge were used. Anastomoses constructed with
      Dexon sutures showed minimal suture reaction on the serosal surfaces, and
      excellent healing strength as determined by bursting-pressure studies. Inspection
      of the mucosal surfaces in these anastomoses revealed flawless, smooth, healing
      suture lines. The flexibility of tissues at the anastomotic line was found to be
      good, and friability of tissue minimal.

PMID- 1091340
TI  - Cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery.
AB  - The first case of cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery recorded in
      Canada is reported and discussed in conjunction with a review of the world
      literature of 45 reported cases. This rare cause of arterial insufficiency occurs
      usually in young men and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of
      claudication. Angiographic findings are diagnostic and surgery is usually
      corrective. The theories of etiology and pathogenesis are discussed and the gross
      and microscopic pathology is demonstrated.

PMID- 1091341
TI  - Editorial: Statistical methodology in medicine.

PMID- 1091342
TI  - Isolation of dermatophytes, Candida species and systemic fungi from dermatologic
      specimens in Montreal, 1963 to 1973.
AB  - Of 10 057 specimens of scrapings from skin, nails and scalp examined for
      dermatophytes, yeasts, pityriasis versicolor and systemic mycoses between 1963
      and 1973, 30.4 percent were positive for fungi. Skin produced the highest
      proportion (68.6 percent) of positive scrapings, scalp the lowest (4.2 percent).
      Trichophyton rubrum was the predominant species (23.6 percent); of lesser
      prevalence were Microsporum canis (9.3 percent), T. mentagrophytes (8.4 percent)
      and Epidermophyton floccosum (4.8 percent). Double infections were encountered on
      102 occasions; T. rubrum and Candida parapsilosis were the most frequent
      cohabiting species. The introduction in 1966 of periodic acid-Schiff staining for
      routine examination of scrapings resulted in better diagnostic results,
      particularly in the case of culturally nonproductive specimens and cases of
      pityriasis versicolor. Blastomyces dermatitidis and Cryptococcus neoformans were
      isolated from two patients in the course of routine investigation for
      dermatophytes.

PMID- 1091343
TI  - Winter illness and vitamin C: the effect of relatively low doses.
AB  - After their random -llocation to one of three treatment aroups, 622 volunteers
      received either vitamin C or placebo in a maintenance dose of 500 mg once weekly
      and a therapeutic dose of 1500 mg daily on the 1st day and 1000 mg on the next 4
      days of any illness. Two forms of vitamin C were employed: a sustained-release
      capsule containing ascorbic acid and a regular tabet containing a mixture of
      sodium and calcium ascorbate. In the 448 subjects who completed an average of 15
      weeks in the study of total of 635 episodes of illness were recroded. Respiratory
      symptoms were recorded on at least 1 day in 92 per cent of these episodes. There
      were no consistent or significant differences in the sickness experience of the
      subjects receiving the sustained-release vitamin capsules compared to those
      receiving the vitamin tablets, but subjects in both vitamin groups experienced
      less severe illness than subjects in the placebo group, with approximately 25 per
      cent fewer days spent indoors because of the illness (P smaller than 0.05). These
      results are  compatible with the belief that supplementary vitamin C can reduce
      the burden of winter illness, but the intake need not be as high as has sometimes
      been claimed.

PMID- 1091344
TI  - Extensive intraglomerular fibrin deposition after renal transplantation: recovery
      without anticoagulation.
AB  - Acute renal failure developed in a 55-year-old man 6 days after he had received a
      cadaver renal allograft. This was associated with thrombocytopenia. Extensive
      intraglomerular fibrin deposition was seen in a renal biopsy specimen. He was
      treated with corticosteroids, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and hemodialysis
      with regional heparinization but not with systemic anticoagulation. This was
      followed by complete recovery of both renal function and histologic damage
      despite the fact that he did not receive anticoagulant therapy. This suggests
      that treatment with anticoagulants may not be necessary for all patients with
      intraglomerular deposits of fibrin.

PMID- 1091345
TI  - Editorial: Clarence B. Farrar 1874-1970 and the history of psychiatry in Canada.

PMID- 1091346
TI  - Arthur Manning Doyle 1904--1974.

PMID- 1091347
TI  - Evaluation des effets secondaires chez les nevrotiques-un essai avec la
      mesoridazine et le placebo.

PMID- 1091348
TI  - Reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain. A review of the literature and a study of 19
      cases.
AB  - Reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain is a rare neoplasm. However, patients who
      have been recipients of transplants have had a much higher than expected
      incidence of this tumor; reticulum cell sarcomas of the brain may be seen more
      often in the future. Most of the information available in the literature deals
      with the pathology and clinical course of the disease. Although several authors
      have commented on the radioresponsiveness of the tumor, little detail as to the
      exact treatment methods has been provided. Furthermore, it has been assumed that
      the prognosis of this tumor, after some form of surgery and postoperative
      radiotherapy, may be fairly good. This paper presents 19 patients who have had
      surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy. Although a few patients have had
      good relief of symptoms for 3 to 4 years, only 1 patient is alive and free of
      disease over 5 years. This patient is the sixth reported long-term survival in
      the literature. Suggestions for the management of this disease are provided. If
      possible, limited surgery to remove circumscribed tumors should be done, but
      extensive resection should be avoided. Postoperative irradiation should include
      the whole brain to at least 4500 rads at 1000 rads per week, with a boost to
      residual tumor, if present, of 500 to 1000 rads in two to five treatments.

PMID- 1091349
TI  - Antipyretic effect of cycloheximide, and inhibitor of protein synthesis, in
      patients with Hodgkin's disease or other malignant neoplasms.
AB  - Infusion of cycloheximide i.v., an antibiotic known to inhibit synthesis of
      protein, at a rate of 0.2 mg/kg/hr, reliably caused lysis of fever in 15
      chronically febrile patients with Hodgkin's disease who did not have detectable
      bacterial, fungal, or viral infection. Antipyretic effects were also seen in some
      patients with reticulum cell sarcoma, lymphosarcoma, acute leukemia, histiocytic
      medullary reticulosis, plasma cell myeloma, carcinoma of the lung, and carcinoma
      of the cervix. The drug failed to produce defervescence in four patients with
      normal granulocyte reserves, who were febrile due to bacterial infection. When
      infused at a rate of 0.2 mg/kg/hr, the drug apparently caused an acute alteration
      of protein metabolism in man in that plasma amino acid nitrogen rose acutely
      while plasma levels of muramidase and ribonuclease fell during the period of the
      infusion. The data suggest that continuing synthesis of protein may be involved
      in nonbacterial fever of neoplastic disease. Mammalian granulocytes and monocytes
      are known to elaborate a pyrogenic protein following appropriate stimulation; it
      is suggested that in some types of neoplastic disease, particularly Hodgkin's
      disease, tumor cells may produce and release a pyrogenic protein and that drug
      induced inhibition of its synthesis is responsible for the observed lysis of
      fever.

PMID- 1091350
TI  - Effect of Acinetobacter glutaminase-asparaginase treatment on free amino acids in
      mouse tissues.
AB  - Acinetobacter glutaminase-asparaginase (AGA) and Escherichia coli asparaginase
      were compared for their effects on plasma and tissue levels of amino acids,
      ammonia, and glutamyl transferase activity in the mouse. Free asparagine was
      depleted similarly in plasma and tissues by both enzymes. AGA treatment produced
      partial depletion of glutamine concentrations in muscle, spleen, small intestine,
      and liver. Brain and kidney glutamine concentrations actually rose with
      treatment. Despite over 100-fold increase in plasma glutamate, only the kidney
      showed a substantial increase in free glutamate levels during AGA treatment.
      Glutamine biosynthesis measured by glutamyl transferase activity showed an
      appreciable increase only in the kidney. Ammonia levels in tissues and plasma
      rose 1.3- to 4.3-fold. In general, E. coli asparaginase treatment had much less
      effect on these measurements than did AGA. The changes in these levels are
      discussed in relation to sites of possible toxicity and antitumor effects.

PMID- 1091351
TI  - Electrophysiological effects of the antiarrhythmic agent QX-572 in the human
      heart with special reference to rate-induced changes in effective refractory
      periods.
AB  - The antiarrhythmic agent, N,N-bis(phenylcarbamoylmethyl)dimethylammonium chloride
      (QX-572) 8 mg/kg body weight produced a decreased conduction time through the
      atrioventricular node but did not influence intra-atrial or intraventricular
      conduction. Effective refractory periods of the atrium, the atrioventricular
      conduction system, and the ventricle were shortened by the drug. The observed
      effects were present at the end of drug infusion but had disapnerbd 30 min later.
      The probable explanation is an increased sympathetic tone induced by QX-572.

PMID- 1091353
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP) to a
      population of islet cells.
AB  - HPP is the human counterpart of APP--a polypeptide that has been isolated from
      avian pancreas and shown to exert pronounced biological effects. The availability
      of anti-HPP serum enabled us to use immunohistochemical procedures for the
      localization of HPP in human pancreas. A small population of pancreatic islet
      cells showed strong immunofluorescence after staining with anti-HPP serum. The
      HPP cells were mainly localized at the periphery of the islets. Sometimes they
      were also seen scattered in the exocrine parenchyma as well as within the
      epithelium of small to medium-sized ducts. While rare in the pancreas of adult
      man, HPP cells were abundant in certain parts of the pancreas of foetuses (18-20
      weeks gestational age). Their staining properties showed them to be distinct from
      the A, Band D cells of the pancreatic islets.

PMID- 1091352
TI  - Fluorescence histochemical and elec-ron microscopical observations on sympathetic
      ganglia of the chick embryo cultured with and without hydrocortisone.
AB  - Lumbar sympathetic ganglia of 12-day-old chick embryos were cultured in organ 
      cultures for 14 days with 1, 10 or 100 mg/l of hydrocortisone or without it.
      Catecholamines were demonstrated by the formaldehyde-induced fluorescence method.
      For electron microscopy, the cultures were fixed with glutarialdehyde and osmium
      tetroxide. Two types of cells with catecholamine fluoresecence were observed in
      the control cultures: (1) weakly fluorescent sympathetic neurons and
      sympathicoblasts with long nerve fibres, which were the most common cell type in
      the explant, and (2) brightly fluorescent cells with or without fluorescent
      processes, which were less common and were scattered in the explant.
      Hydrocortisone caused a great increase in the number of the brightly fluorescent
      cells. With 10 mg/l of hydrocortisone the increase was about ten-fold as compared
      with the control cultures. There was no change in the morphology of the cells,
      nor could any change be observed in the fluorescence intensity by eye. Electron
      microscopically the mature neurons were the most common cell type on the surface
      of the culture, while more immature sympathicoblasts were seen in the deeper
      layers. Cells were also found which contained large numbers of catecholamine
      strong granular vesicles 105-275 nm in diameter. These cells were infrequent.
      They had round vesicular nuclei and resembled also in other respects
      sympathicoblasts or young nerve cells. One such cell was found in mitotic
      division by electron microscopy. Hydrocortisone caused a marked increase in the
      number of these granule-containing cells and their processes. Cells which could
      have been classified as the small intensely fluorescent cells of the mammalian
      ganglion type or their electron microscopic equivalent, the granule-containing
      cells were found neither in the control cultures nor in the hydrocortisone
      containing cultures. It is concluded that most brightly fluorescent cells in
      cultured sympathetic ganglia of the chick are nerve cells or sympathicoblasts
      rich in amine-storing granular vesicles.

PMID- 1091354
TI  - Electron microscope study on the occurrence of electron-dense deposits at the
      cell membrane of chicken erythrocytes.
AB  - Electron-dense deposits were found along the inner side of the cell membrane of
      chicken erythrocytes when fixed in a CaCl2-containing glutaraldehyde solution.
      Osteoblasts and osteoclasts were studied in an attempt to determine whether the
      deposits are related to calcium metabolism. No electron-dense deposits adjacent
      to the cell membrane were found in either these cells or in rat erythrocytes.
      Therefore, it is assumed that the deposits are not calcium-binding protein
      necessary for the cellular calcium uptake.

PMID- 1091355
TI  - Electron microscopie and enzyme cytochemical studies on the guinia pig metaphysis
      with special reference to the lysosomal system of different cell types.
AB  - A transmission electron microscopic study of demineralized, methaphyseal bone of
      the young guinea pig is presented. Special attention is paid to the lysosomal
      system of the different cell types. Visualization of acid phosphatase and aryl
      sulfatase activity was used to identify tissue components as belonging thereto.
      The distribution of alkaline phosphatase activity, a plasma membrane marker, was
      also examined. Osteoblasts were distinguished by a marked development of the
      granular endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex. Perivascular cells type A,
      morphologically resembled the osteoblasts, and are believed to represent an early
      stage in the specialization of the latter. A few lysosomes were normally found in
      the osteoblasts; they were less common in the type A cells. In contrasts to their
      regular occurrence in guinea pig epiphyseal cartilage, dense bodies of lysosomal
      nature ("type I vesicles") were only rarely seen in the bone matrix. Structures
      analogous to the type II vesicles in cartilage were, however, normally present.
      Their membrane showed activity of alkaline phosphatase. Possible functions of
      lysosomes and matrix vesicles in osteogenesis are discussed. Perivascular cells
      type B and chondroclasts both contained a prominent Golgi complex and large
      numbers of free ribosomes, mitochondria and lysosomes. In the type B cells,
      inclusion material of varying appearance often occurred in the lysosomes and in
      endocytic vesicles. The chondroclasts sometimes presented a ruffled border, with
      associated vacuoles and lysosomes in the subjacent cytoplasm. It is suggested
      that both cell types participate in the resorption of the epiphyseal cartilage.
      Chondroclasts presumably arise by fusion of type B cells and/or monocytic
      precursors from the peripheral blood.

PMID- 1091356
TI  - The fate of injected human IgG in the mouse liver: Uptake, immunological
      inactivation, and lysosomal reactions.
AB  - 1. Human IgG is stored in the form of remarkable droplets in the cytoplasm of
      mouse hepatocytes following intravenous injection. 2. The earliest protein uptake
      occurs within 1 minute after injection and droplets can be found up to 32 hours
      thereafter; 64 hours p.i. the foreign protein is no longer visible in
      hepatocytes. 3. Electron microscopy reveals that the uptake occurs by a process
      of "macropinocytosis". The resulting protein droplets fuse with primary lysosomes
      and are transformed into phagolysosomes. 4. At the same time as the
      phagolysosomes are formed the IgG-droplets loose their immunological activity--as
      early as 2 hours after injection.

PMID- 1091357
TI  - Subcellular localization of calcium in the mouse hypophysis. I. Calcium
      distribution in the adeno- and neurohypophysis under normal conditions.
AB  - Application of the K-pyroantimonate technique combined with glutaraldehydeosmium
      fixation results in a reproducible intracellular distribution of mineral
      precipitates in the mouse hypophysis. Control experiments--with chelators and
      electron probe microanalysis--reveal that these precipitates consist mainly of
      calcium. Regularly present in the mitochondria, Ca also seems to be stored in the
      Golgi apparatus of the glandular cells and in the axoplasmic reticulum and the
      "synaptic" vesicles of the neurosecretory fibres. These structures thus appear
      able to control intracytoplasmic calcium movements. These observations agree with
      physiological data showing the existence of an intracellular Ca pool that can be
      mobilized by specific stimulation. The presence of diffuse precipitates in the
      pituicytes, together with the existence of gap junctions between them, suggest
      that these cells regulate the ionic environment of the neurosecretory nerve
      fibres; in this way, they too might participate in neurohypophysial hormonal
      release.

PMID- 1091358
TI  - Andrew Milroy Fleming (1871-1953). A biographical account.

PMID- 1091359
TI  - Unconsidered trifles no. XXVI.

PMID- 1091360
TI  - Quantitation of parameters that determine the rate of ovalbumin synthesis.

PMID- 1091361
TI  - Replicating circular DNA molecules in yeast.
AB  - The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a class of small circular DNA
      molecules, approximately 2 mum in contour length (Sinclair et al., 1967). In this
      report, it is shown that these molecules replicate as double-branched circles,
      similar to those observed during replication of the bacteriophage lambda and
      Escherichia coli chromosomes. A normal rate of replication of these DNA circles
      requires the function of a nuclear gene, cdc 8.

PMID- 1091362
TI  - Properties of membrane-associated folded chromosomes of E. coli related to
      initiation and termination of DNA replication.
AB  - Analysis of folded chromosomes prepared from amino acid-starved E. coli cells of
      from a dnaC initiation mutant indicates that a unique structure is associated
      with completion or near completion of rounds of chromosome replication in E.
      coli. Chromosomes remain associated with portions of the bacterial cell envelope
      throughout the DNA replication cycle, but become more rapidly sedimenting as
      replication proceeds in the absence of reinitiation. Before reinitiation of
      chromosome replication occurs after restoring required amino acids to amino acid
      starved cells or after lowering the temperature in a thermosensitive dnaC mutant,
      sedimentation velocities of the membrane-associated folded chromosomes decrease
      substantially. The decrease in sedimentation velocity does not depend on renewed
      DNA synthesis, but does require the activity of at least the dnaC gene product.

PMID- 1091363
TI  - [Prof. Ivan Ivanovic Potapov].

PMID- 1091364
TI  - [In memory of Emanuel Kabatek, M.D].

PMID- 1091365
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Jiri Vitek].

PMID- 1091367
TI  - [Personality and work of Kamil Henner].

PMID- 1091366
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Vaclav Pitha].

PMID- 1091368
TI  - The effects of unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the growth of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The effect on growth of E. coli of a series of 3-, 4-, and 5-ring unsubstituted
      polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is determined at concentrations of 10-5M,
      10-6M, and 10-7M. The angular hydrocarbon configurations of 1,2-benzanthracene,
      1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene (DIBA), and 3,4-benzpyrene (BP) promote growth;
      tetracene and pyrene have little or no effect on growth while at most
      concentrations anthracene, phenanthrene chrysene, 1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene, and
      pentacene inhibit bacterial growth. No universal pattern of concentration effect
      is manifest, but based on the results an angular acene configuration is a
      necessary condition for growth stimulation.

PMID- 1091369
TI  - Neutral lipids in the cells and cell envelope fractions of aerobic baker's yeast
      and anaerobic brewer's yeast.
AB  - The neutral lipids from whole cells and cell envelopes of aerobic Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae and anaerobic Sacch. carlsbergensis and the cell walls isolated from
      the cell envelopes were analysed. The effect of anaerobiosis was particularly
      clear on the neutral lipid composition of the plasma membrane. Compared to the
      anaerobic membrane, the aerobic membrane contained more C16:1, C18:1 and other
      unsaturated fatty acids, more total sterol, more than ten times as much
      ergosterol and less than one tenth as much squalene, reflecting differences
      between the aerobic and anaerobic whole cellmthe main sterol in the aerobic
      membrane ergosterol, was mainly in the free form, whereas zymosterol, 24(28)
      dehydroergosterol, epi- or fecosterol and lanosterol were predominantly
      esterified. In contrast, the anerobic membrane contained small amounts of
      biosynthetic sterol precursors of ergosterol (mainly esterified), and was clearly
      richer in saturated fatty acids having a greater variation in chain length and in
      18:2 acid. Both plasma membranes contained a considerable amount of
      triacyglycerols, while the amount of lower acylglycerols was clearly higher in
      the anaerobic plasma membrane. The lipid composition of both cell walls were
      relatively similar, consisting mainly of triacylglycerols and lower
      acylglycerols.

PMID- 1091370
TI  - A new method of measuring propagation coefficients and characteristic impedance
      in blood vessels.
AB  - True propagation coefficients of pulse wave harmonics in an artery can be
      determined in vivo by measuring pulsatile blood pressure and flow at each of two
      points along the length of the vessel. These coefficients, which are complex
      numbers that describe the attenuation and the phase shift imposed on a traveling
      wave, are independent of the reflected waves in the circulation and thus provide
      information about the viscoelastic state and other properties of an artery. The
      equations involved are implicit in standard transmission-line theory, but they
      have not previously been applied in this particular way to blood vessels. The
      femoral artery, exposed in situ, was studied in 11 anesthetized dogs. At 1.5 Hz,
      true attenuation constants averaged 0.0151 nepers/cm, and true phase constants
      averaged 0.0155 radians/cm. As frequency increased, the apparent phase velocity
      of flow, in contrast, was relatively low at the first harmonic and rose as
      frequency increased. True phase velocities lay between the apparent pressure and
      flow values. Characteristic impedance at 1.5 Hz had an average modulus of 1.76
      times 10-4 dyne sec/cm5 and a phase of minus 0.31 radians. The modulus diminished
      as frequency increased, and the phase became less negative. These results show
      that true phase constants and characteristic impedances determined by this method
      are consistent with data reported by others and provide information not
      previously available about flow wave propagation.

PMID- 1091371
TI  - Biodegradation of inhalation anesthetics.

PMID- 1091372
TI  - Effects of anesthetics on whole-body oxygen uptake.

PMID- 1091373
TI  - Malignant hyperthermia.

PMID- 1091374
TI  - Anesthetics and cell multiplication.

PMID- 1091375
TI  - Effects of drugs on clinical laboratory tests.

PMID- 1091376
TI  - The prostaglandins in clinical medicine. A developing role for the clinical
      chemist.

PMID- 1091377
TI  - DR. F. Clarke Fraser is recipient of American Cleft Palate Association Honors
      Award.

PMID- 1091379
TI  - The posterior pituitary gland.

PMID- 1091378
TI  - Quantitative studies of lipoprotein-X in familial lecithin: cholesterol
      acyltransferase deficiency and during cholesterol esterification.
AB  - In eight patients with familial lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)
      deficiency the plasma concentration of the abnormal lipoprotein LP-X ranged from
      43 mg/100 ml to 251 mg/100 ml with a mean of 127 mg/100 ml. This is above the
      mean level of LP-X found in a group of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis (49
      mg/100 ml) and below the mean level found in patients with extrahepatic
      cholestasis (341 mg/100 ml). Following blood transfusions, an increase in LCAT
      activity and a decrease in the plasma concentration of LP-X were observed. This
      decrease was not a simple dilution phenomenon. Quantitation of LP-X during long
      term incubation of a whole plasma system demonstrated that LP-X was a source of
      free cholesterol (FC) in the LCAT reaction. More free cholesterol was derived
      from LP-X during cholesterol esterification than corresponding to the percentage
      of the plasma free cholesterol found in the LP-X fraction. The present
      investigation did not answer the question whether LP-X only was an easily
      accessible source of free cholesterol for cholesterol esterification or whether
      LP-X acted directly as a substrate for the LCAT reaction.

PMID- 1091380
TI  - Gonococcal pharyngeal infection.

PMID- 1091382
TI  - Syphilis--diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1091381
TI  - Neonatal and childhood gonococcal infections.
AB  - Maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and mortality can be significantly
      decreased by selective screening of prenatal patients for gonorrhea, early
      treatment, and follow-up cultures after treatment for gonorrhea. Ophthalmia is
      the most significant neonatal gonococcal infection. Administration of silver
      nitrate at delivery is the best prophylaxis against gonococcal ophthalmia.
      Treatment of gonococcal ophthalmia, however, requires parenteral penicillin,
      conjunctival antimicrobial therapy, and hospitalization. Treatment of the
      gonococci-infected mother is also indicated. Childhood gonorrhea is most commonly
      manifested as vulvovaginitis in girls or urethritis in boys, usually without
      associated disseminated gonococcal infection. Transmission can occur by indirect
      contact with an infected parent or involuntary or voluntary sexual activity: in
      children over age 10 years transmission of gonococci most commonly involves
      voluntary sexual activity. Emphasis should be placed on early treatment of the
      infected child, follow-up cultures, and contact tracing. Diagnosis of gonococcal
      infection requires adequate specimens, gram stains, and cultures for N.
      gonorrhoeae. In disseminated neonatal gonococcal disease, gram strains and
      cultures of the conjunctiva, oropharynx, orogastric aspirates, anogenital area,
      umbilicus, and external ear canal frequently aid in the diagnosis. Frequently, a
      gram strain of the urethral discharge in boys is sufficient for diagnosis of
      gonorrhea; in girls cultures are necessary. Since the incidence of gonorrhea in
      children has increased, the importance of epidemiologic analysis and follow-up
      after treatment can not be overemphasized.

PMID- 1091383
TI  - Syphilis in newborn children.

PMID- 1091384
TI  - Value and limitations of nontreponemal and treponemal tests in the laboratory
      diagnosis of syphilis.

PMID- 1091385
TI  - Radical vulvectomy and bilateral superficial and deep groin and pelvic
      lymphadenectomy.

PMID- 1091386
TI  - International aspects of the venereal diseases and nonvenereal treponematoses.

PMID- 1091388
TI  - Changes in sexual behavior and venereal diseases.

PMID- 1091389
TI  - Trichomoniasis, candidiasis, and the minor venereal diseases.

PMID- 1091387
TI  - Role of preventive methods in the control of venereal disease.

PMID- 1091390
TI  - Meperidine kinetics in man. Intravenous injection in surgical patients and
      volunteers.
AB  - The plasma concentration-time profiles of meperidine following intravenous
      injection in surgical patients and volunteers were investigated by reference to a
      classical two-compartment open model. Physiologic characteristics of the subject
      and variables associated with the surgery and anesthesia were screened as
      determinants of the kinetic patterns observed. When meperidine administration
      preceded induction of anesthesia, induction was consistently followed by an
      increase in venous plasma concentrations that prevented classical kinetic
      analysis. To facilitate calculations in subsequent studies in patients,
      meperidine injections were made following induction of anesthesia. Type of
      anesthesia or premedication, patients' sex, or cigarette smoking did not appear
      to be important factors in this evaluation. Increasing alcohol consumption was
      associated with increasing volumes of distribution. Increasing age was associated
      with increasing fraction of drug unbound in plasma. These factors may relate
      directly to clinical observations that heavy alcohol consumers tend to be more
      refractory to central nervous system (CNS) depressants and that elderly patients
      are more susceptible to respiratory depression from narcotics.

PMID- 1091392
TI  - Interaction of physostigmine and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in man.
AB  - To investigate the hypothesis that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major
      psychoactive ingredient of marihuana, acts by interfering with cholinergic brain
      mechanisms, 0.75 to 1.25 mg of physostigmine, a centrally active cholinergic
      drug, was given intravenously to 5 normal volunteers who had ingested 20 to 40 mg
      of THC 2 hours earlier. Physostigmine decreased the degree of tachycardia and
      conjunctival injection produced by THC. The major psychologic effects of
      physostigmine were amplification of the lethargy and somnolence which occur late
      in the course of THC intoxication. We interpret the lack of physostigmine
      counteraction of the peak psychologic effects of THC as evidence against the
      hypothesis that THC acts predominantly by an anticholinergic mechanism.

PMID- 1091391
TI  - Long-term treatment of hypercholesterolemia with colestipol hydrochloride.
AB  - Colestipol hydroxhloride (15 gm/day) (an anion exchange resin that binds bile
      acids) of placebo was administered to 92 patients with hypercholesterolemia who
      were followed for periods up to 36 months. There was a prompt (1 month),
      significant (p smaller than 0.05 minus 0.001), and sustained (36 months) lowering
      of serum cholesterol in the colestipol HCl-treated group, but no significant
      change in the placebo group. Serum triglycerides increased in both treatment
      groups in parallel; the reason was not apparent. Side effects were equally
      distributed between colestipol HCl and placebo and were primarily
      gastrointestinal (upper abdominal distress, constipation). Colestipol HCl appears
      to be a safe and effective treatment for hypercholesterolemia; tolerance does not
      seem to develop.

PMID- 1091394
TI  - Letter: Naloxone for diagnosis in methadone programs.

PMID- 1091395
TI  - Commentary. The normal volunteer in clinical investigation: how rigid should
      selection criteria be?
AB  - Twenty-nine healthy young male volunteers were screened by history, physical
      examination, urinalysis, 24 different blood tests, and electrocardiography for
      admission to a Phase I drug study. The protocol submitted to, and approved by,
      the FDA listed the normal ranges for the local laboratories and stipulated that
      the test results for any volunteers accepted should all be within these ranges.
      During screening 46 abnormal values were found in the laboratory tests. Only 4
      subjects had all their test data within "normal" range, a result that could have
      been anticipated simply form the number of tests performed. These findings
      indicate the need for deciding on realistic protocol criteria for studies
      involving healthy volunteers.

PMID- 1091393
TI  - Hypnotic efficacy of diphenhydramine, methapyrilene, and pentobarbital.
AB  - The antihistamines diphenhydramine and methapyrilene were compared with
      pentobarbital for hypnotic effect in two Veterans Administration Hospital
      populations using subjective-response methods. In the first part of the study, 60
      mg and 180 mg of pentobarbital were compared with 50 mg and 150 mg of
      diphenhydramine. A positive dose-response relationship was obtained only for
      pentobarbital; neither dose of diphenhydramine was significantly different from
      60 mg of pentobarbital for any response variable. In the second part of the
      study, 100 mg of pentobarbital, 50 mg of diphenhydramine, and 50 mg of
      diphenhydramine, and 50 mg of methapyrilene were compared with placebo. One
      hundred mg of pentobarbital and 50 mg of diphenhydramine were significantly
      different from placebo, but 50 mg of methapyrilene was not.

PMID- 1091396
TI  - Etorphine in man. I. Subjective effects and suppression of morphine abstinence.
AB  - The effects of etorphine, a potent morphine-like drug, were qualitatively and
      quantitatively compared to those of morphine. In nondependent subjects, etorphine
      in doses of 0.025, 0.050, and 0.100 mg produced pupillary constriction and
      morphine-like subjective effects and euphoria. Etorphine was 500 times as potent
      as morphine, with a very rapid onset and short duration of action. In morphine
      dependent subjects, etorphine suppressed abstinence but for a shorter period than
      morphine. These studies indicate that in man etorphine is a morphine-like drug
      with a high abuse potential.

PMID- 1091397
TI  - Bioavailability of different lots of digoxin tablets from the same manufacturer.
AB  - The bioavailability of single doses from 4 randomly selected lots of digoxin from
      a single manufacturer that were recently marketed in the United States was
      compared. In a crossover study in 6 normal volunteers, serum digoxin
      concentrations for 0 to 6 hr and urinary glycoside excretion for 24 hr after 0.5
      mg doses were measured by radioimmunoassay. The variation in bioavailability
      between the 4 lots was no greater than that seen when one of them was taken
      twice. Intersubject variation in areas under the serum concentration-time curves
      and in the 24-hr urinary digoxin measurements was more than twice that of
      intrasubject variation. The variability of the urinary digoxin determinations was
      somewhat less than that of the areas under the serum concentration-time curves.

PMID- 1091398
TI  - Effect of foodstuffs on the absorption of zinc sulfate.
AB  - Single doses of zinc sulfate were given to healthy young volunteers, either in
      the fasting state or with various types of meals. Dairy products (milk and
      cheese) and brown bread decreased zinc absorption, as indicated by a significant
      drop in peak serum zinc levels. Zinc absorption was decreased when zinc was given
      in the fasting state with the same amounts of purified phosphate or phytate as
      those found in foods above. Experiments in vitro have shown that zinc is
      precipitated by phosphate and phytate at pH values close to that of the
      intestinal lumen. Coffee also seems to inhibit zinc absorption.

PMID- 1091399
TI  - Osteosarcoma: a reconnaissance.

PMID- 1091400
TI  - The results of treatment of cancer of the bladder-a clinical contribution to
      radiobiology.

PMID- 1091401
TI  - [Tyramine test in double blind study].

PMID- 1091403
TI  - [Rational use of digitalics].

PMID- 1091404
TI  - [A new long acting quinidine preparation].

PMID- 1091405
TI  - [144 cases of septicemia observed in an internal medicine department].

PMID- 1091402
TI  - [Comparative action of ajmaline and chloracetylajmaline on atrio-ventricular
      conduction in man].

PMID- 1091406
TI  - Developments in digital computer implementation in nuclear medicine imaging.

PMID- 1091407
TI  - Computer simulation of the diagnostic process in medicine.

PMID- 1091409
TI  - Diagnosis. I. Symptom nonindependence in mathematical models for diagnosis.

PMID- 1091408
TI  - Rules for sequential diagnosis.

PMID- 1091410
TI  - Diagnosis. II. Diagnostic models based on attribute clusters: a proposal and
      comparisons.

PMID- 1091411
TI  - A basis for computer interpretation of interpretation of serial
      electrocardiograms.

PMID- 1091414
TI  - Quantitative aspects of protein induction.

PMID- 1091413
TI  - Intracellular proteinases in microorganisms.

PMID- 1091412
TI  - Alimentary tract obstruction in the newborn.

PMID- 1091415
TI  - L-threonine dehydrase as a model of allosteric control involving ligand-induced
      oligomerization.

PMID- 1091416
TI  - A great invention with built-in hazards.

PMID- 1091417
TI  - Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.
AB  - Clinical, radiographic, and histologic data, together with pulmonary function
      features, in eleven patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, are described
      in the following study. All these patients presented with a history of exertional
      dyspnea. Eight of the eleven had radiographic evidence of pleural involvement as
      manifested by blunting of one or both costophrenic angles. A restrictive defect
      was present in eight patients, all of whom had x-ray changes showing diffuse
      involvement. One of the patients presented showed marked improvement in all
      parameters including a repeat lung biopsy. Immunofluorescent studies of the lung
      biopsies from six patients revealed no evidence of immunologic damage. Based upon
      the histologic pattern of pulmonary reaction in the biopsies and the intervals
      between the onset of symptoms and the time of biopsy, a tenative scheme of
      temporal evolution of this disease is presented. Lung injury may lead either
      directly to diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (DIPF) or lungs may react to
      injury by an initial alveolar, mural or mixed pattern, all of which might
      ultimately progress to DIPF. An initial alveolar or mural pattern might change to
      a mixed pattern.

PMID- 1091419
TI  - The present status of IPPB therapy.

PMID- 1091418
TI  - Diphenidol treatment of arrhythmias.
AB  - The antiarrhythmic activity of diphenidol, an antiemetic, has been demonstrated
      both in electrophysiologic studies of patiens and in experimental arrhythmias in
      animals. Accordingly, 18 patients with tachyarrhythmias were treated with
      intravenous diphenidol in doses of 0.5 to 1.5 mg/kg. In six patients with atrial
      arrhythmias, there was no notable effect. Similarly, 12 patients with premature
      ventricular contractions were treated and studied. In six of them, ectopic beats
      were abolished, at least transiently; in three the number of ventricular
      premature contractions decreased; in two there was no effect; and in one, the
      number of premature beats was increased. Of the total number of 18 patients, 14
      suffered adverse effects related to the central nervous system. These adverse
      effects were of such severity as to suggest that further studies with diphenidol
      as an antiarrhythmic are not warranted.

PMID- 1091421
TI  - [Use of external splint in the treatment of posttraumatic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1091420
TI  - IPPB therapy - where do we go from here?

PMID- 1091422
TI  - Ileorectal anastomosis: a safe surgical technique.

PMID- 1091423
TI  - Suture-line recurrence in carcinoma of the colon and rectum.
AB  - Seventy-three patients with adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid, rectosigmoid and
      rectum were reviewed to determine the incidence of suture-line recurrence. Four
      patients (5.5 per cent) developed suture-line recurrence despite the use of a
      number of techniques to reduce this problem. All four recurrences were in
      patients who had Dukes' C lesions of the rectum. It would appear that such
      recurrences are not related to implantation factors alone.

PMID- 1091426
TI  - ["Nonenzymatic" translation of oligourydilates of different lengths].

PMID- 1091424
TI  - The seventeenth Joseph M. Mathews Oration: whither surgery of the colon and
      rectum?

PMID- 1091427
TI  - [Synthesis and properties of polynucleotide analogs based on N1-(1,4-dioxybutyl
      2)-thymine].

PMID- 1091425
TI  - Surgical treatment of congenital and acquired valvular heart disease.

PMID- 1091428
TI  - ["Nonenzymatic" translocation in ribosomes with polyadenylic acid as a template].

PMID- 1091429
TI  - [System of ultrafast repair of single-strand breaks induced by gamma-radiation in
      DNA of different strains of Escherichia coli K12].

PMID- 1091430
TI  - [Coagulation tests in von Willebrand's disease(author's transl)].
AB  - The diagnosis of von Willebrand's disease can be made by a selected series of
      easily performed clotting tests. A STudy of 36 patients with the disease (all but
      one with a mild form) revealed a significantly increased reaction time in the
      thrombelastogram from 210 plus or minus 33 percent to 270 plus or minus 69
      percent (P less than 0.001), and of the partial thromboplastin time from 43 plus
      or minus 3s to 54 plus or minus 9s (P less than 0.001 than 0.001). Factor VIII
      activity was corresponding significantly reduced from normal (127 plus or minus
      51 percent) to 51 plus or minus 12 percent (P less than 0.001). Other plasma
      factors and platelet counts were within normal limits. A platelet defect was
      indicated by an abnormal change in the speed of clot formation (k-time) from 162
      plus or minus 39 percent to 341 plus or minus 121 percent (P less than 0.001),
      maximal thrombelasticity from 121 plus or minus 16 percent to 75 plus or minus 22
      percent (P less than 0.001), and marked reduction in platelet-factor 3 liberation
      from 122 plus or minus 59 percent to 23 plus or minus 16 percent (P less than
      0.001). An increase in bleeding time, from 162 plus or minus 41s to 204 plus or
      minus 128s (P less than 0.05), was not always present. Recently introduced
      immunological methods for determining factor VIII and factor VIII-associated
      protein, as well as special platelet-function tests, give further information on
      the pathogenesis of the bleeding disease, but their complexity restricts them to
      special laboratories.

PMID- 1091431
TI  - [Glossopharyngeal neuralgia with cardiac arrhythmias (author's transl)].
AB  - In a 68-year-old female patient glossopharyngeal neuralgia of unknown origin
      occurred accompained by cardiac arrhythmias (bradycardia to asystole) and loss of
      consciousness. Subcutaneous atropine injections improved bradycardia but did not
      influence attacks of pain. Complete and permanent freedom from symptoms was
      established only after treatment with carbamazepine (Tegretal) 200 mg t.d.s.

PMID- 1091432
TI  - [Therapy of immunologic deficiencies in children].

PMID- 1091433
TI  - [Change in the diagnosis and therapy of lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma].

PMID- 1091434
TI  - [Studies on the bio-availability of tolbutamide (author's transl)].
AB  - Two different batches of Rastinon 1,0 Hoechst were administered, a year apart, to
      two groups of healthy subjects (ten and six men, respectively) without any
      difference in effect on blood sugar being found. The blood sugar concentration
      was measured in six healthy men before and after oral administration of 1,000 mg
      tolbutamide (as Rastinon 1,0 Hoechst or tolbutamid tablets Ratiopharm), in a
      blind test. After tolbutamide Ratiopharm, the area under the blood sugar
      concentration-time curves was only 29 percent (0-4 hafter medication) and 32
      percent (4-8 h after medication) of that after Rastinon 1,0 (P 2alpha less than
      0.01), with marked scatter between individuals. Maximal serum concentration was
      80 percent below that after Rastinon. The first measurable value was reached 0.8
      plus or minus 0.2 h after medication of Rastinon and 3.6 plus or minus 0.8 h
      after tolbutamide Ratiopharm. The areas under the serum concentration under the
      curves after tolbutamide Ratiopharm were only 16 percent (0-4 h after medication)
      and 19 percent (0-8 h after medication) of those after Rastinon (P 2alpha less
      than 0.05 and 0.01, respectively). The differences demonstrate that tolbutamide
      Ratiopharm tablets and Rastinon 1,0 Hoechst are not equivalent biologically and
      therapeutically.

PMID- 1091435
TI  - [Digitalis intoxication. Recent views on etiology and evaluation].

PMID- 1091436
TI  - [Methodical and clinical problems of leukocyte transfusion].

PMID- 1091439
TI  - [Agricultural produce "animal feed" from the nutrition policy viewpoints].

PMID- 1091438
TI  - [New order in drug legislation].

PMID- 1091437
TI  - [Abnormal hypothalamic-hypophyseal regulation as a new endocrine sign in the
      testicular feminisation syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - In a 38-year-old woman with the testicular feminisation syndrome (TFS) there were
      increased serum levels of LH and FSH, despite normal testosterone levels, ranging
      from 808 to 1330 ng/dl. The patient exhibited complete end-organ resistance to
      androgens, as well as decreased free testosterone fraction of 1.5 percent. On
      stimulation with LH-RH there was enhanced LH reaction to 15 ng/ml, while FSH
      levels remained unchanged. Fluoxymesterone did not suppress LH and testosterone,
      as it did in normal controls. But the functional Leydig-cell reserve could be
      normally stimulated with HCG. Our results apparently confirm the suspected
      reduction in sensitivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis to androgens and
      suggest that this plays an important part in the pathogenesis of TES.

PMID- 1091440
TI  - [Studies on the duration of feeding, masticatory frequency and mincing of feed in
      horses].

PMID- 1091441
TI  - [Testing of the anthelmintic agent Fenbendazol in naturally infected sheep].

PMID- 1091442
TI  - [Experiences with a mobile phantom (Modell Cassou, L'Aigle) for the collecting of
      bovine semen].

PMID- 1091443
TI  - [Swine erysipelas in a swine-fattening stock (short clinical report)].

PMID- 1091444
TI  - [Anesthesia in the Gottinger miniature pig--report on experiences].

PMID- 1091445
TI  - [Studies on the occurence of inhibitory substances in raw milk].

PMID- 1091446
TI  - [Transfer of Technetium 99m-pertechnate in to rabbit's milk].

PMID- 1091447
TI  - [Testing of various Aeromonas strains isolated from corps using the resistance
      test].

PMID- 1091448
TI  - [Experience with Benzetimide in the treatment of diarrheas of cattle and calves].

PMID- 1091449
TI  - [Glucogenic effect of 1,2-propandiol in healthy cows and in sheep with phlorhizin
      diabetes].

PMID- 1091450
TI  - [Results of bacteriological examination of cervical swabs from warm-blooded mares
      in 1969-1973].

PMID- 1091451
TI  - [Minerals and trace elements in the blood of sucking foals].

PMID- 1091452
TI  - [The ovine neuro-endocrine system. 4. Effect of insulin on cytological and
      biochemical blood elements].

PMID- 1091453
TI  - [Is the computation of fees for feed-additive drugs according to Veterinary Fee
      Regulations or German Pharmaceutical Rates for the veterinarian feasible?].

PMID- 1091454
TI  - [Infectious septicemic-thrombosing meningoencephalitis in a herd of fattening
      bulls. 1. Clinical picture].

PMID- 1091455
TI  - [The cast structure after vacuum-pressure casting and centrifugal casting].
AB  - Evaluation of polished sections revealed the following: 1. Grain size in marginal
      areas of the crown is, in general, smaller than it is in the occlusal region. 2.
      Grain size varies depending on the casting method applied. Differences in
      hardness were found only to a limited extent. They were not always in line with
      the grain structure. This phenomenon deviating from the rule cannot
      satisfactorily be explained. The piping distribution was in accordance with
      observations made so far.

PMID- 1091456
TI  - [Effect of thermal expansion on the accuracy of fit of cast crowns].
AB  - Extent and direction of dimensional changes in the finished cast crown resulting
      from the thermic expansion of the wax model are determined as a function of the
      time the crown was subjected to tempering as a function of tempering temperature.
      Expansion of the wax model does not come up to the expectation of preventing a
      reduction of the cast object.

PMID- 1091457
TI  - [Scanning electron microscopic studies of the interface of metalceramic systems].

PMID- 1091458
TI  - [Biologic reactions of the live tissues to synthetic dental materials].

PMID- 1091459
TI  - [Etiology of denture stomatopathies].

PMID- 1091460
TI  - [Gingival hyperplasia in bar joint prostheses].
AB  - The occurrence of mucosal hyperplasias under 57 bars (according to Dolder) was
      examined. It was found that apart from the time factor, cleaning habits of the
      patient and the construction of the dentures played an important role. Short bars
      are more difficult to clean than those with wide distances between the abutments.
      The influence of additional factors can only be demonstrated in combination with
      other factors, this suggests rather complex connections.

PMID- 1091461
TI  - [Bacteriological studies of removable splints and dentures].
AB  - The risk of germ contamination through already used dental replacement cannot or
      only with difficulties be solved by disinfection. As to new dental replacements,
      which may constitute a germ vehicle between the dental laboratory and the dental
      office, specific consequences can be drawn. It is tried to explain where
      contamination may start so that such contamination can be prevented.

PMID- 1091462
TI  - [Germ retention and penetration on test pieces and palatal plates of Paladon 65
      and Palapress, depending on the processing].

PMID- 1091463
TI  - [Prosthetic rehabilitation of dysgnathic patients].
AB  - There are only few reports on the prosthetical care of patients with dysgnathias.
      Thus, it seems appropriate first to delimit the field by well-defined terms from
      maxillo-facial surgery and orthodontics. Reichenbach, Kole, and Bruckl introduced
      the term "principal symptom" ("Leitsymptom") for the most significant dysgnathic
      finding. With a view to prosthetical aspects, this term is broadened to include
      primary and secondary dysgnathias, after several proposals of nomenclature were
      made. It is reported on the number of dysgnathic patients needing treatment. The
      description of some of the goals aimed at by prosthetical care concludes the
      paper.

PMID- 1091464
TI  - [Special problems in the prosthetic rehabilitation of deep bite].
AB  - In cases of deep bite where the lower front teeth contact the palatal gingiva or
      where the upper teeth contact the labial gingiva of the lower jaw, the attempt to
      improve the situation by grinding-in the teeth was always crowned with temporary
      success only. The question as to whether the front teeth may be maintained
      determines further measures to be taken. If they can and if they are to be kept
      it is necessary to change the vertical relation of practically all teeth by
      safeguarding the antagonistic contract also in the front area. Therapeutical
      means and risks involved are considerable. If the teeth concerned have to be
      removed, plastic correction of the alveolar ridge is necessary before bridges and
      removable dentures are fitted in. This solution is even less satisfactory and
      disregards the significance of natural teeth for the well-being of the patient.

PMID- 1091465
TI  - [On the birthday of Prof. Alfred Rehrmabb].

PMID- 1091466
TI  - [Control studies on periodontal and periodontal-gingival retention of partial
      prosthesis].
AB  - Follow-ups of 722 removable partial dentures that have been used for an average
      5.2 years reveal that the way they were used and the type of balancing as well as
      the construction of the denture have an influence on the inflammation of the
      denture-bearing area and the loosening of the abutment teeth. In this
      investigation it was not possible to demonstrate the influence of daily personal
      oral hygience.

PMID- 1091467
TI  - [Follow-up studies on dentures in patients with teeth in both jaws which do not
      occlude (Group C-1 according to Eichner)].
AB  - Follow-ups in class C 1 patients who underwent prosthetical treatment seemed
      indicated since little was known about the chances of success. It was possible to
      examine 20 patients of this groups mainly with regard to objective functional
      efficiency of the dental replacement worn from 1 to 8 years. Furthermore,
      articulation occlusion, relationship of upper and lower jaws, and frequency of
      required repairs were checked. Purely gingivally borne prostheses as well as
      periodontally supported and gingivally borne dentures had the same rate of
      success. The mixed form, i.e. gingivally borne in the upper jaw and periodontally
      supported and gingivally borne in the lower jaw, seemed to be less favorable due
      to differing load tolerances.

PMID- 1091468
TI  - [Current studies on shape changes of total prostheses in relation to the method
      of their construction].
AB  - It was shown that marginal gaps occurring after the preparation of upper complete
      dentures vary depending on the material or method applied and that in all tested
      materials the gaps become smaller again during subsequent swelling, but are not
      fully compensated.

PMID- 1091469
TI  - [Shape retention of plastic prostheses manufactured by the pouning method].
AB  - In investigations was shown that PMMA dentures fabricated by injection molding
      have a better dimensional stability than polycarbonate dentures (Andoran) and are
      slightly better than packed Paladon 65 dentures. When using the injection molding
      technique a slight increase in occlusion could not be prevented in any of the
      dentures.

PMID- 1091470
TI  - [Studies on the retention of total lower dentures in relation to the time of
      wearing].
AB  - Clinical experience in the prosthetical care of edentulous patients shows that
      primarily patients wearing dentures for the first time express the desire, after
      a few months, to have original denture adhesion restored. Especially for complete
      lower dentures diminishing adhesion is unfavorable. Measurements regarding the
      adhesive strength of complete lower dentures of 34 patients showed that adhesive
      strength is decreasing. This was measured and statistically evaluated in this
      investigation. 33 percent of the original adhesive strength is lost within 6
      months. With originally strong adhesion (2, 000 p) this reduction is more drastic
      than with originally small adhesion (200 p). It was not possible to establish
      that adhesive strength is declining preferably as a result of a specific anatomic
      situation.

PMID- 1091471
TI  - Synthesis of DNA in isolated pancreatic islets maintained in tissue culture.
AB  - The DNA synthesis of isolated pancreatic islets has been determined after culture
      in vitro of the islets for 5 days in media containing either various glucose
      concentrations or tolbutamide or cortisone. Only glucose stimulated the
      replication of DNA, while cortisone was inhibitory and tolbutamide without
      effect. It is concluded that glucose by itself stimulates the mitotic rate of the
      islet cells and that the corresponding effect of steroids in vivo may be mediated
      through the ensuing hyperglycemia.

PMID- 1091472
TI  - Failure to detect luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in third ventricle
      cerebral spinal fluid under a variety of experimental conditions.
AB  - Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) was examined for the presence of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH) at times when copious amounts of LH were being secreted
      by the adenohypophysis. A "push-pull" apparatus was designed which permitted the
      perfusion of artificial CSF through the 3rd ventricle from the region of the
      medial preoptic area (MPOA) to the site of recollection adjacent to the median
      eminence (ME). It was observed on radioimmunoassay that LH-RH concentrations were
      low in CSF and peripheral plasma of Nembutal-blocked proestrous rats.
      Intraarterial injections of LH-RH did not increase CSF concentrations of this
      decapeptide, although a significant release of pituitary LH occurred. Further,
      electrochemical stimulation of the MPOA also elevated plasma LH without altering
      CSF-LH-RH levels. When synthetic LH-RH, dissolved in artificial CSF, was perfused
      through the 3rd ventricle, plasma LH levels rose dramatically, and a significant
      decrease in the concentration of LH-RH in the CSF efflux was observed on
      collection and assay. CSF collected from MPOA-stimulated rats also was tested for
      biologically active LH-RH by its reinjection into Nembutal-blocked proestrous
      recipients. While such injections failed to induce pituitary LH release, it was
      observed that LH-RH, when mixed with artificial CSF, and allowed to stand at room
      temperature (24 C), also lost all biological potency even though immunoreactivity
      was retained. The results suggest that CSF does not serve as a vehicle for
      transport of LH-RH to the median eminence under physiological conditions.

PMID- 1091473
TI  - Effects of porcine stalk median eminence and prostaglandin E2 on rat growth
      hormone secretion in vivo and their inhibition by somatostatin.
AB  - The studies described were performed to develop a technically simple, yet
      sensitive in vivo model for growth hormone (GH) releasing activity in porcine
      stalk median eminence (pSME) extracts, to compare the GH releasing effects of
      pSME with those of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and to study the effect of
      somatostatin (SRIF) on the above stimuli. The use of the one day estrogen-primed
      male rat in conjunction with intracarotid injection of test materials provided a
      model sensitive to the injection of one pSME. Neither increasing the duration of
      estrogen pre-treatment nor reserpine resulted in a greater response. The GH
      releasing effects of pSME were directly related to the preinjection GH level. Two
      successive injections of pSME at 30 minute intervals evoked similar responses. In
      contrast, PGE2 effects were not potentiated by estrogen pre-treatment and were
      independent of the preinjection GH level. The GH releasing effect of pSME was not
      related to its content of TRH or K+. Extracts of porcine cerebral cortex also
      contained GH releasing activity, although at a lower concentration than in pSME.
      Somatostatin inhibited the GH releasing effects of pSME, PGE2, and cerebral
      cortex extract. These results provide evidence for the direct inhibitory effect
      of SRIF on GH secretion in vivo and suggest that SRIF is capable of blocking a
      variety of different stimuli to GH release.

PMID- 1091474
TI  - Augmentation of pituitary responsiveness to luteinizing hormone/follicle
      stimulating hormone-releasing factor (LH-RF) as a result of acute ovariectomy in
      the four-day cyclic rat.
AB  - Within 6 h of ovariectomy in adult rats with 4-day estrous cycles, plasma FSH
      titers were significantly elevated above those of sham-operated controls at all
      stages of the estrous cycle, whereas plasma LH concentrations were raised by
      ovariectomy only during diestrus day 2, proestrus or estrus. A single intravenous
      injection of a partially purified extract of ovine stalk-median eminence tissue
      (LH-RF) into sham-operated control rats or incubation of pituitaries from similar
      rats with the same releasing factor extract elevated LH and FSH output at all
      stages of the cycle. This response to LH-RF was related to the stage of the
      estrous cycle, maximal pituitary responsiveness occurring on proestrus.
      Ovariectomy 6 h before administration of LH-RF significantly augmented pituitary
      LH and FSH responsiveness both in vivo and in vitro. This elevation in
      hypophyseal responsiveness observed in vitro followed a cyclic pattern which
      could be superimposed on the normal cyclic changes in pituitary responsiveness,
      whereas the cyclic increase in pituitary LH responsiveness to LH-RF in vivo
      following acute ovariectomy was first detectable 16 to 18 h earlier than in
      intact controls, that is, on late diestrus day 2 rather than on the morning of
      proestrus. These results indicate that acute ovariectomy can augment pituitary
      responsiveness to LH-RF and can also advance the onset of the cyclic augmentation
      of pituitary responsiveness to LH-RF during the 24 h immediately preceding the
      ovulatory gonadotropin surge. Possible explanations for these effects are
      discussed.

PMID- 1091475
TI  - An in vivo assay for anti-LH-RH and anti-FSH-RH activity of inhibitory analogues
      of LH-RH.
AB  - A convenient and sensitive method for testing anti-LH- and FSH-releasing
      activities of antagonists of LH-RH was devised. The peptides to be tested were
      injected subcutaneously together with synthetic LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in
      immature male rats. Serum LH and FSH concentrations were measured 30 min later by
      radioimmunoassay. In this system, [DesHis2]-LH-RH failed to block the pituitary
      response to LH-RH in agreement with previous data. The administration of
      [DesHis2, desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide, [Des-His2, Leu3, des Gly10]-LH-RH
      ethylamide, [Des-His2, D-Ala6, des-Gly10]-LH-RH ethylamide, and [DESHis2, D-Ala6]
      LH-RH in doses of 200 mug/rat, and [DesHis2, Leu3, D-Ala, desGly10]-LH-RH
      ethylamide in doses ranging from 100-400 mug/rat caused a significant inhibition
      of LH-RH-induced release of LH and FSH. On the other hand, [DesHis2, desGly10]-LH
      RH propylamide, and [Leu2, Leu3, D-Ala6, desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide failed to
      block the response to LH-RH. Among the peptides tested, [DesHis2, d-ala6,
      desGly10]-LH-RH etylamide, [Leu2, Leu3, D-Ala, desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide in
      doses of 200 mug and [DesHis2, Leu3, D-Ala6, desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide in a dose
      of 400 mug/rat showed some intrinsic LH and FSH-releasing activities. The method
      described here is simple and convenient for studying the anti-LH-RH release
      activity of inhibitory analogues of LH-RH, and also enabled us to demonstrate for
      the first time an in vivo inhibition of FSH release by these analogues.

PMID- 1091476
TI  - In vitro release of lutenizing hormone from anterior pituitary fragments
      superfused with constant or pulsatile amounts of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      factor.
AB  - Anterior pituitary fragments from ovariectomized rats were superfused with medium
      to which lutenising hormone-releasing factor (LH-RF) was added for either
      prolonged or short intervals. Samples of superfusate were collected at 2-min
      intervals before and after the onset of LH-RF administration. In control
      experiments without anterior pituitary fragments, infusions of constant amounts
      of NIAMDD-Rat LH were made into the superfusion chamber. The superfusate was
      collected in all experiments and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels measured by
      radioimmunoassay. LH release was increased 100-200% following superfusion with
      concentrations of LH-RF ranging from 10-9 to 10-5M. The percent coefficient of
      variation (%CV) was determined for LH to quantitate fluctuations in hormone
      release. A nonepisodic pattern of LH release was obtained prior to LH-RF
      administration and during superfusion with constant levels of LH-RF. There was no
      significant difference in the %CV in these periods as compared to that obtained
      during infusion of constant amounts of LH into the superfusion chamber. However
      stimulation by LH-RF for only 2-5 min caused episodes of LH release lasting 30-40
      min. The %CV of superfusate LH during these pulsatile stimulation studies was
      significantly increased compared to that obtained during superfusion with
      constant levels of LH-RF. These results suggest that the pituitary is not the
      site of origin of the mechanism underlying episodic release of LH, but can
      release LH in a pulsatile manner when driven by pulsatile LH-RF stimulation.

PMID- 1091478
TI  - Chromatographic evidence for the existence of another species of luteinizing
      hormone-releasing factor (LRF).
AB  - Fractionation of ultrafiltrates of rat hypothalamic extracts has been performed
      on Sephadex LH-20 in dimethylformamide/water. The fractions were examined for
      their content of luteinizing hormone-releasing activity by bioassay in vitro
      utilizing LH radioimmunoassay, and also for their content of LRF decapeptide-like
      material by direct radioimmunoassay. Each method revealed the same pattern of
      activity. This consisted of a major peak whose elution position coincided with
      that of authentic decapeptide, and a minor region which closely preceded it,
      often taking the form of a shoulder on the leading edge of the main peak. The
      active component in the minor peak could be completely resolved by repeated
      filtration in the same system thus indicating that it represented another
      gonadotropin-releasing species rather than a chromatographic artefact although
      its biological and immunological activities indicate that its structure must
      resemble closely that of the decapeptide.

PMID- 1091477
TI  - Insulin biosynthesis: the monoaminergic mechanisms and the specificity of
      "glucoreceptor".
AB  - Islets of Langerhans, isolated from the rat, did not synthesize insulin in the
      presence of L-glucose, fructose, galactose, 3-0-methyl glucose or sorbitol. A
      small amount of insulin was synthesized in the presence of glucosamine. Addition
      of caffeine to these compounds did not enhance the biosynthesis of insulin. It is
      suggested that the specificity of the membrane surface "glucoreceptor", if it
      exists, may be rather narrow, at least with respect to insulin biosynthesis.
      Serotonin, dopamine and isoproterenol did not inhibit or enhance insulin
      biosynthesis induced by glucose. Propranolol also failed to modify insulin
      synthesis in the absence or presence of isoproterenol. It is concluded that the
      monoaminergic mechanisms do not affect insulin biosynthesis in spite of their
      significant regulatory influence on insulin release. Methysergide, at the
      concentration reported to potentiate insulin release induced by glucose and
      tolbutamide in rabbit, strongly inhibited insulin biosynthesis.

PMID- 1091479
TI  - Relationship of thyrotropin to exophthalmos-producing substance: formation of an
      exophthalmos-producing factor by pepsin digestion of mouse pituitary tumor and
      human thyrotropin preparations.
AB  - The present report demonstrates that mouse tumor thyrotropin preprarations have
      exophthalmogenic activity. In addition it shows that the exophthalmogenic
      activity of mouse tumor thyrotropin can be increased by partial pepsin digestion,
      whereas the thyroid stimulating activity of mouse tumor thyrotropin is rapidly
      destroyed by such treatment. Thus, after 30 min of pepsin digestion, mouse tumor
      thyrotropin has 130% of its initial exophthalmogenic action but only 10% of its
      thyroid stimulating activity. Preparations of human thyrotropin are similarly
      sensitive to partial pepsin digestion, i.e., there is a rapid destruction of
      thyroid stimulating activity but a very much slower destruction of
      exophthalmogenic activity. Thus, after 30 min of pepsin digestion, preparations
      of human thyrotropin retain 80% of their exophthalmogenic activity but only 20
      30% of their thyroid stimulating action. Since these results are analogous to
      those obtained in studies of the partial pepsin digestion of bovine thyrotropin
      (1), partial pepsin digestion of both purified human and purified mouse tumor
      thyrotropin preparations should yield an exophthalmogenic fragment of the TSH
      molecule devoid of thyroid stimulating action.

PMID- 1091480
TI  - Entomopathogens as insecticides.
AB  - Entomopathogens, diseases of insects, are suggested as a possible new generation
      of safe, selective insecticides. Over a thousand pathogens have been isolated
      from insects. Many of these, associated with major insect pests, are potential
      candidates for development into microbial insecticides. Phases in the development
      of a microbial insecticide are discussed as well as factors (production, safety,
      efficacy, registration, non-technical) which may influence this development.

PMID- 1091481
TI  - Manipulating sex pheromones for insect suppression.
AB  - A review is given of different methods of using sex pheromones in pest control
      programs. Survey and monitoring traps have been used extensively for determining
      the presence and abundance of pest populations are commercially available.
      Pheromone trapping studies for insect suppression have shown success with some
      species and could be a useful tool in some situations. The technique of
      attracting insects to the host for insect removal or exposure to insecticide has
      also proved to be useful in some programs. Mating disruption studies using widely
      separated pheromone evaporators or encapsulated pheromone distributed throughout
      an area have indicated a great potential for this technique in insect suppression
      programs.

PMID- 1091482
TI  - Control of insects by sexual sterilization.
AB  - The control of insect populations by restricting their birth rate offers several
      advantages over methods based on increasing the death rate. The sterile-male
      technique scored practical success in the control of the screwworm, Cochliomyia
      hominivorax (Coquerel), but more general applications of the sterility procedure
      may be expected in conjunction with the development of integrated procedures for
      pest insect management.

PMID- 1091483
TI  - Development of morphogenetic agents in insect control.
AB  - Chemicals which interfere with the growth and development of insects
      (morphogenetic agents) have been receiving major attention as potential means of
      selective insect control. Major advances in this field resulted from the
      identification of Juvenile Hormones -1, -2, and -3, and the discovery that
      various terpenoid and sesquiterpenoid derivatives were more potent morphogenetic
      agents than the three known Juvenile Hormones. Several highly active compounds
      have emerged from these research programs. Their field performance, problems, and
      prospects in selective insect control are considered here.

PMID- 1091484
TI  - Two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis for purification of small RNAs
      specified by virulent coliphages T4, T5, T7 and BF23.
AB  - RNAs synthesized in Escherichia coli infected with virulent phages T4, T5, T7 and
      BF23 were labelled with 32PO4 3- after phage infection. [32P]RNAs of low
      molecular weight were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis, in which electrophoresis was carried out in two dimensions at
      different concentrations of acrylamide. The fractionated RNAs were characterized
      by RNA-fingerprint patterns made after T1 ribonuclease digestion. The two
      dimensional gel of 10% yields 20% acrylamide was suitable for RNA of less than
      200 nucleotides, while that of 5% yields 10% was preferred for RNAs of about 150-
      400 nucleotides. With T4 phage, 16 RNA species were separable on a single slab
      gel. Among those, 11 were identified as the known RNA species, including eight T4
      tRNAs, one tRNA precursor and two non-tRNA molecules. In the case of T5 and BF23,
      more than 20 RNA species were separated on a slab gel; 15 or more RNAs were found
      in the 4-S RNA region, and several in 5-S and 6-S region. The RNA-fingerprint
      patterns of many BF23 RNAs were very similar to those of corresponding RNAs of
      T5. Pseudouridine and ribosylthymidine, minor nucleosides generally present in
      tRNA, were found in several BF23 4-S RNAs tested. Possibility of those BF23 4-S
      RNAs as tRNAs is discussed. With phage T7, three RNAs were detected, two of which
      were much smaller than tRNAs.

PMID- 1091485
TI  - Comparative studies on the properties of tryptophanase and tyrosine phenol-lyase
      immobilized directly on Sepharose or by use of Sepharose-bound pyridoxal 5'
      phosphate.
AB  - Tryptophanase from Escherichia coli B/qt 7-A and tyrosine phenol-lyase (beta
      tyrosinase) from Escherichia intermedia were immobilized on Sepharose 4B by
      several direct coupling reactions or through pyridoxal 5'-phosphate previously
      bound to Sepharose. The most active preparation of immobilized tryptophanase was
      obtained by coupling tetrameric apoenzyme to pyridoxal-P bound on Sepharose at
      the 6-position through a diazo linkage. This immobilization procedure involves
      the formation to Schiff base linkage between 4-formyl group of Sepharose-bound
      pyridoxal-P and the epsilon-amino group of the lysine residue at the active
      center of one subunit of tetrameric apo-tryptophanase, followed by the fixation
      of the Schiff base linkage by reduction with NaBH4. In the case of beta
      tyrosinase having two catalytic centers, however, this method was not so suitable
      as the case of tryptophanase. Direct coupling of the apoenzyme to CNBr-activated
      Sepharose or to a bromoacetyl derivative of Sepharose gave better results. In
      each case, the affinity for substrate or coenzyme was scarcely influenced by the
      immobilization. When used repeatedly in a batch system or continuously in a flow
      system in the absence of added pyridoxal-P, immobilized holo-tryptophanase of
      holo-beta-tyrosinase gradually lost its original activity; however, supplement of
      pyridoxal-P to the reaction system restored its initial activity. From the
      kinetic analyses of these phenomena, the rate constants of coenzyme dissociation
      from immobilized tryptophanase and beta-tyrosinase were calculated. Upon
      immobilization, the pH optima of both enzymes shifted 0.5 to 1.0 pH unit to the
      alkaline side. Both immobilized enzymes showed higher thermal stability and
      resistance to a denaturing agent such as guinidine-HCl than their free
      counterpart. Furthermore, the reactivity of sulfhydryl group of beta-tyrosinase,
      in connection with its coenzyme-binding property, was conveniently studied by use
      of the immobilized enzyme.

PMID- 1091486
TI  - An investigation of the 16-S RNA binding sites of ribosomal proteins S4, S8, S15,
      and S20 FROM Escherichia coli.
AB  - The RNA binding sites of four 30-S ribosomal subunit proteins from Escherichia
      coli, namely S4, S8, S15, and S20 were prepared from reconstituted single protein
      - 16-S-RNA complexes by mild enzymic digestion of non-protected RNA regions.
      Oligonucleotide fingerprints of the protected RNA regions were obtained and their
      positions were located within the 16-S-RNA sequence. They were not completely
      contiguous regions of RNA; oligonucleotides had been excised from each of them.
      The binding sites of S4 and S20, and those of S8 and S15 showed overlapping. The
      specificity of the RNA binding sites was confirmed by a reconstitution method.

PMID- 1091487
TI  - The primary structure of the major cytoplasmic valine tRNA of mouse myeloma
      cells.
AB  - This paper describes the derivation of the primary structure of the major valine
      tRNA in the cytoplasm of mouse myeloma cells. Approximately 75% of the nucleotide
      sequence of this tRNA is also shared by the tRNA1-Val of yeast, this homology
      serving as a further indication of the extreme conservation of the structures of
      the tRNAs of different eukaryotic organisms. A novel feature of mouse myeloma
      tRNA1-Val is its loop IV sequence: -U-PSI-C-G-M1A-A-A-. This particular loop IV
      sequence has not previously been found in a tRNA structure. In addition, tRNA1
      Val possesses some unusual nucleoside modifications. 5-Methyluridine (T) was not
      found to occur within loop IV of this tRNA, although this minor nucleoside is
      also absent from certain other mammalian tRNAs. Only one other tRNA, mammalian
      tRNAf-Met, has been found to possess 2-methylguanosine (m2G) in the position
      between the (b) and (c) stems of the cloverleaf. Numerous tRNAs have m2-2G in
      this location, and it would appear that the second methylation of this guanosine
      is characteristically absent from certain mammalian tRNA species.

PMID- 1091488
TI  - Separation and purification of macronuclei from macronuclear fragments and
      micronuclei in the ciliate Paramecium aurelia.

PMID- 1091489
TI  - The isolation and purification of osmotically intact discs from retinal rod outer
      segments.

PMID- 1091490
TI  - Improved corneal storage: penetrating keratoplasties in rabbits.

PMID- 1091491
TI  - Some properties of spinal neurons projecting to the medial brain-stem reticular
      formation.

PMID- 1091492
TI  - Detailed purine salvage metabolism in and outside the free malarial parasite.

PMID- 1091494
TI  - An immunofluorescence reaction for Fasciola hepatica using the defined antigen
      substrate spheres (DASS) system.

PMID- 1091493
TI  - Qualitative analysis of phospholipids isolated from nonviable Plasmodium antigen.

PMID- 1091495
TI  - Schistosomiasis: evaluation of the indirect fluorescent antibody, complement
      fixation, and slide flocculation tests in screening for schistosomiasis.

PMID- 1091496
TI  - Allergic inflammation as a hypothesis for the expulsion of worms from tissues: a
      review.

PMID- 1091497
TI  - Quantification of secretion release by acid, using immunocytochemistry and
      radioimmunoassay.

PMID- 1091498
TI  - Interaction of drugs: a methematical model and its application in bacteriology.

PMID- 1091499
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies on the appearance of myosin and actin during in vitro
      differentiation of amphibian myoblasts.

PMID- 1091500
TI  - Primary malignant lymphoid tumors of the orbit--the eye and its adnexa.

PMID- 1091501
TI  - As I remember: Francis Heed Adler.

PMID- 1091502
TI  - Clinic-of-the-month: General Washington's last illness.

PMID- 1091503
TI  - PtsX: a gene involved in the uptake of glucose and fructose by Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1091504
TI  - Composition of the citrate lyase acyl carrier protein from Klebsiella aerogenes.

PMID- 1091505
TI  - In vitro transcription of the bipolar arginine ECBH operon of Escherichia coli K
      12.

PMID- 1091506
TI  - Kinetic study on phagocytosis of bovine leukocytes measured by oxygen uptake.

PMID- 1091507
TI  - Inhibiton by fusidic acid of the reaction between puromycin and donor site bound
      N-acetyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA on yeast ribosomes.

PMID- 1091508
TI  - On the distribution of 5s RNA cistrons on the genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 1091509
TI  - Stimulation of glucose oxidation in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes by C3
      Sepharose and soluble C567.

PMID- 1091511
TI  - Biosynthesis of the nucleoside Y in yeast tRNAPhe: incorporation of the 3-amino-3
      carboxypropyl-group from methionine.

PMID- 1091510
TI  - Influence of salt on transcription by T4 core RNA polymerase.

PMID- 1091512
TI  - Aminoacylation of tRNA. Magnesium requirement and spermidine effect.

PMID- 1091514
TI  - Acetylase of ribosomal protein L12: constant level of activity during the growth
      cycle.

PMID- 1091513
TI  - Conversion of Escherichia coli tRNATrp to glutamine-accepting tRNA by chemical
      modification with sodium bisulfite.

PMID- 1091515
TI  - The primary structure of protein S9 from the 30S subunit of Escherichia coli
      ribosomes.

PMID- 1091516
TI  - Polysomes from Escherichia coli: estimation by peptidyl-puromycin synthesis.

PMID- 1091517
TI  - Membranes, ions, and impulses. Dedication to Kacy Cole.

PMID- 1091518
TI  - The influence of histocompatibility and antithymocyte serum on the ability of
      alloantigenic pretreatment to prolong the survival of mouse skin grafts.
AB  - Test skin allografts enjoy prolonged survival when alloantigenic pretreatment
      (implants of small fragments of liver or kidney on the host's kidney cortex) is
      separated from test grafting by 9 days and donor and host strains differ only at
      the relatively weak H-3 + H-13 histocompatibility barrier (Baldwin and Cohen
      1971, 1974). However, test skin grafts are rejected in an accelerated fashion
      when this protocol is followed but the donor strains differ at stronger non-H-2
      barriers. In 2 such strain combinations in which control first-set grafts are
      rejected acutely, varying the implant-to-test graft interval, using F-1 mice as
      implant donors, or varying the sex of the donors and hosts, all failed to prolong
      test graft SURVIVAL. However, survival of some test grafts was significantly
      greater following a combined host treatment of alloimplanatation and ATS than it
      was following either procedure alone. This synergism suggests that across
      stronger H-barriers, alloantigenic pretreatment does elicit an immunosuppressive
      component whose effective presence is normally masked by thymus-dependent cell
      mediated immunity.

PMID- 1091519
TI  - New color-changing agent helps control etching for better bond.

PMID- 1091520
TI  - The use of composite for recementing crowns.

PMID- 1091521
TI  - Dental family puts it all together.

PMID- 1091522
TI  - Advantages of orals outweigh disadvantages.

PMID- 1091523
TI  - The use of amphetamines in hyperactivity.

PMID- 1091524
TI  - [The ideal computer for ECG analysis (author's transl)].
AB  - An on-line minicomputer with a suitable structure turns out to be the ideal
      system for ECG interpretation. The motivations for this conclusion come both from
      the nature of the ECG analysis process and from the solution that the present
      state of the process and from the solution that the present state of the computer
      technology suggests for the controversy on large-scale computers versus
      minicomputers in the medical environment. In this paper both these aspects of the
      problem are briefly discussed and an ideal structure is proposed for a system
      based on a minicomputer. The main goals of this system are flexibility, adequate
      man-machine interfacing, low cost, high reliability and minimal maintenance,
      minimum installation space and site preparation.

PMID- 1091525
TI  - [History of the concepts of receptor and antibody].

PMID- 1091526
TI  - Enterotoxigenic intestinal bacteria in tropical sprue. II. Effect of the bacteria
      and their enterotoxins on intestinal structure.

PMID- 1091527
TI  - Research approaches in illicit drug use: a critical review.
AB  - Research approached and substantive findings pertaining to determinants of the
      nonmedical use of illicit psychoactive drugs are reviewed. Discussion focuses
      upon the dimensions of drug use as a behaviorial phenomenon, the findings and
      limitations of four basic approaches to research in the ares--sociocultural,
      psychopathological, functionalist, and social learning-- and upon methodological
      problems. Drug use must be treated as a multidimensional phenomenon, with
      analyses extending well beyond simple user vs. nonuser comparisons or arbitrary
      categories of users. Research must be conducted within a coherent field
      theoretical conceptual framework, directed toward the formulation of nomothetic
      laws concerning patterns of drug use. Inadequacies in sampling and measurement
      and the absence of longitudinal design have compromised the utility of a vast
      research literature.

PMID- 1091528
TI  - The case for geriatric day hospitals.

PMID- 1091529
TI  - Effects of an exercise program on selected flexibility measurements of senior
      citizens.

PMID- 1091530
TI  - [Drug addiction and pregnancy. Review of the literature. Analysis of 20 cases].

PMID- 1091531
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Leon Herbst (1/3/1914-9/15/1974)].

PMID- 1091532
TI  - The effect of wheat bran on intestinal transit.
AB  - In 18 students and two members of staff at a boys' boarding school, the time
      taken to pass 20 out of 25 radiopaque pellets varied from one to seven days while
      the subjects were eating a normal English diet. After the additon of bran, about
      20 g daily, to this diet transit time fell from 2-75 plus or minus 1-6 to 2-0
      plus or minus 0-9 days (P smaller than 0-025). Transit became faster in all nine
      subjects who had an initial time of three days or more, and in three of seven
      with an initial time of two days, but became slower in all four boys with an
      initial one-day transit. Frequency of defaecation correlated poorly with transit
      time (a once daily bowel action being found with transit times ranging from one
      to four days), and did not increase significantly with bran. In 10 additional
      adults with slow initial transit (three or four days) the effect of bran was
      compared with that of an equal volume of ground oatflakes in a double-blind
      crossover trial. Bran caused a significant acceleration of transit, wherease
      oatmeal had no effect. These studies confirm that bran accelerates slow
      intestinal transit and show that this is not simply a psychological effect. Bran
      may also slow down fast transit.

PMID- 1091534
TI  - [Gonadotrophrin releasing hormone in the classification of amenorrheic states].

PMID- 1091533
TI  - Complete identification of endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract using
      semithin-thin sections to identify motilin cells in human and animal intestine.
AB  - The present (Wiesbaden) classification of gut endocrine cells relies mainly on
      ultrastructure and the results of silver impregnation. Correlation with hormone
      production requires parallel immunology but conventional immune cytochemistry is,
      in most cases, difficult or at present impossible. The serial, semithin-thin
      section technique offers an alternative, which provides absolute correlation
      between cell type and hormone production. The successful use of the technique is
      illustrated here by localization of motilin in the enterochromaffin cells of the
      small intestine.

PMID- 1091535
TI  - [Cystinosis].

PMID- 1091536
TI  - [Ophthalmology in the Talmudic period. 2. Hygiene and prevention of eye
      diseases].

PMID- 1091537
TI  - Mutagenicity studies with captan, captofol, folpet and thalidomide.

PMID- 1091538
TI  - [Hans Jorg Weitbrecht].

PMID- 1091539
TI  - [H. J. Weitbrecht and Psychiatry (author's transl)].

PMID- 1091540
TI  - Capital close-up. James T. Lynn: director of the Office of Management and Budget
      and Assistant to the President.

PMID- 1091541
TI  - The biomedical engineering quandary.

PMID- 1091542
TI  - Biomedical engineering--practice or research?

PMID- 1091543
TI  - Separation of T lymphocytes from normal individuals and patients with B
      lymphocyte chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that lymphocytes from patients with chronic
      lymphocytic leukaemia have a diminished response to mitogens which stimulate T
      cells. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is most often a disease of accumulating B
      cells so that T lymphocytes are diluted by large numbers of leukaemic cells.
      Direct comparison with the responses of normal lymphocytes to mitogenic
      stimulation is therefore suspect. To circumvent this difficulty, a method of
      isolating T cells from normal individuals and patients with chronic lymphocytic
      leukaemia was developed. Lymphocytes containing an average of 16.1 per cent B
      cells from normal individuals were applied to IgG-anti-IgG-coated Degalan bead
      columns and held at 4 degrees for 2 hours. The eluted cells contained less than 2
      per cent B cells. When chronic lymphocytic leukaemic lymphocytes, containing an
      average of 68.6 per cent B cells, were applied to IgG-anti-IgG columns, the
      eluted cells contained 36.4 per cent B cells. To improve the purification of T
      lymphocytes, columns of uncoated Degalan beads were used to remove non
      specifically adherent cells. Eluted lymphocytes were then applied to IgG-anti-IgG
      columns. This resulted in the recovery of purified populations of T cells with
      less than 2 per cent contamination with B cells. Patients with chronic
      lymphocytic leukaemia were found to have lymphocytes with either a normal density
      or a low density of surface immunoglobulins. B cells were successfully removed
      from lymphocyte suspensions in all cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with a
      normal density of lymphocyte surface immunoglobulins. In the three cases of
      chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with low density surface immunoglobulins,
      separation by this method was unsuccessful. However, an enriched T-cell
      population was obtained when leukaemic lymphocytes which had lost all detectable
      surface immunoglobulins were passed through a column coated with heat-aggregated
      IgG.

PMID- 1091544
TI  - Thymus dependence of the IgA response to sheep erythrocytes.
AB  - The thumus dependence of the IgA response to sheep red blooc cells (SRBC) was
      studied by means of cell transfer experiments in mice. Only low numbers of IgM-,
      IgG- and IgA-plaque-forming cells (PFC) were observed in those recipients which
      received only spleen cells from adult thymectomized, irradiated and bone marrow
      reconstituted mice (B cells). High numbers of IgM-, IgG- and IgA-PFC were
      observed when B cells and educated T cells were transferred to the recipients.
      Evidence is provided that B cells committed to IgA synthesis require the same
      degree of interaction with T cells as B cells committed to IgM synthesis, but a
      lower degree of interaction with T cells than B cells committed to IgG synthesis.

PMID- 1091545
TI  - The possible presence of a bursa-independent, IgM-producing system in chicks.
AB  - The number of splenic plaque-forming cells significantly increased in
      bursectomized chicks immunized secondarily with SRBC. Further experiments using
      rabbit antiserum specific to the bursa of Fabricius indicate that the different
      types of antibody-producing cells might be engaged in the synthesis of IgM in
      bursectomized chicks. The possible presence of a bursa-independent, IgM-producing
      system in chicks is suggested.

PMID- 1091546
TI  - Growth of several cariogenic strains of oral streptococci in a chemically defined
      medium.
AB  - A chemically defined medium in which Streptococcus mutans strains AHT, BHT, GS-5,
      JC-2, Ingbritt, At6T, At9T, 6715, and OMZ-176 and Streptococcus salivarius strain
      HHT grew rapidly to high turbidities was formulated. Maximal turbidities of each
      strain were observed after 8 to 12 h of aerobic growth. The subsequent transfer
      of exponentially growing cells into fresh medium resulted in growth at the same
      rate without lag. Growth of these strains occurred with rates at least one-half
      of those observed in an organic medium, such as Todd-Hewitt broth. S. mutans
      strains FA-1 and OMZ-61 grew at relatively slow rates in the defined medium, but
      more rapidly growth to higher turbidities of both strains was obtained when
      sodium bicarbonate was added to the medium. Streptococcus sanguis strain OMZ-9
      and another group H streptococcus (strain 72 times 46) grew rapidly in the
      defined medium after the addition of sodium carbonate. The presence of carbonate
      or bicarbonate yielded higher turbidities of all the other strains, and the
      growth rates of several of the strains tested were also increased.

PMID- 1091547
TI  - Amino acid requirements of Streptococcus mutans and other oral streptococci.
AB  - The amino acid requirements of Streptococcus mutans strains AHT, OMZ-61, FA-1,
      BHT, GS-5, JC-2, Ingbritt, At6T, OMZ-176, 6715, Streptococcus salivarius HHT,
      Streptococcus sanguis OMZ-9, and strain 72x46 were determined in a chemically
      defined medium. When grown anaerobically in the presence of sodium carbonate (or
      bicarbonate for a few strains), few amino acids were required. All strains tested
      required cystine (or cystine) as a nutrient. Three strains (S. mutans OMZ-176, FA
      1, and BHT) required glutamate (and/or glutamine). A third amino acid (lysine for
      S. mutans FA-1 and histidine for S. mutans OMZ-176) was required by two of the
      three strains which required glutamate. The amino acids mentioned above were
      required for all conditions of incubation (and inoculum) tested. The requirements
      for several other amino acids were conditional, that is, dependent on the
      incubation conditions and inoculum used. For example, when carbonate was not
      added, glutamate was required by S. mutans GS-5. Aerobic incubations, with
      carbonate or bicarbonate added, resluted in requirements for glutamate and
      leucine by several strains. With these incubation conditions, one strain required
      isoleucine (S. mutans FA-1), another valine (S. mutans AHT), and a third tyrosine
      (72x46). Aerobic incubations in the absence of carbonate or bicarbonate further
      increased the number of amino acids required by several strains. Furthermore,
      when stationary-phase cultures replaced exponentially growing cultures as an
      inoculum, several strains required additional amino acids, presumably for the
      initiation of growth.

PMID- 1091548
TI  - Phage conversion of Shigella flexneri group antigens.
AB  - A temperate phage, designated Sf6, has been isolated from Shigella flexneri 3a.
      Characterization of Sf6 revealed that it possesses the capacity for converting
      the S. flexneri 3,4 group antigen complex to group factor 6. Serological studies
      and chemical analysis of lipopolysaccharide from converted strains suggest that
      group factor 6 is a reflection of an acetylation of the preexisting 3,4 antigen
      complex. Evidence is provided that the 3,4 group antigen complex functions, at
      least in part, as a cell surface receptor site for Sf6 adsorption.

PMID- 1091549
TI  - Neutralization of Chlamydia trachomatis in cell culture.
AB  - Neutralization of Chlamydia trachomatis was assayed by the decrease in inclusion
      forming units in baby hamster kidney cells grown in culture. Five percent fresh
      guinea pig sera increased neutralization titers of rabbit antisera 100- to 1,000
      fold but had no effect when normal rabbit sera were tested. Neutralization of a
      type A or B trachoma isolate was strain specific. Neutralization by human eye
      secretions and sera also was demonstrated when guinea pig sera were included in
      the test. All of the six human sera tested showed strain specificity against
      types A or B, in agreement with typing by the fluorescent antibody technique.

PMID- 1091550
TI  - Predominant cultivable flora isolated from human root surface caries plaque.
AB  - Plaque samples were obtained from tooth surfaces exhibiting typical lesions of
      root surface caries and were immediately cultured by a continuous anaerobic
      procedure. The bacterial composition of root caries flora was determined on
      individual samples. Representative isolates from each specimen were characterized
      by morphological and physiological criteria. In addition, fluorescent antibody
      reagents were used to confirm the identification of Streptococcus mutans and
      Actinomyces viscosus. The plaque samples could be divided into two groups on the
      basis of the presence or absence of S. mutans in the plaque. In group I plaques,
      S. mutans comprised 30 percent of the total cultivable flora. S. sanguis was
      either not found or was present in very low number. In group II plaques, S.
      mutans was not detected, and S. sanguis formed 48 percent of the total plaque
      flora. A. viscosus was the dominant organism in all plaque samples, accounting
      for 47 percent of the group I isolates and 41 percent of the group II isolates.

PMID- 1091551
TI  - Evidence for the non-protein nature of the receptor for the enterotoxin in Vibrio
      cholerae on murine lymphoid cells.
AB  - Lymphoid cells from A/J and BALB/c strains of mice were iodinated with 125I by
      the lactoperoxidase method and the plasma membranes were disrupted by freezing
      and thawing or with 0.5 percent Nonidet P-40, a nonionic detergent. Attempts to
      find choleragen reactive iodinated material in 0.5 percent Nonidet P-40 lysates
      were unsuccessful even when the cells were incubated with choleragen before
      lysis. Freezing and thawing the cells resulted in the release of iodinated
      choleragen reactive material. The interaction of choleragen with the iodinated
      material could be inhibited (at low choleragen concentrations) or enhanced (at
      high choleragen concentrations) by the addition of the ganglioside G-M1 to the
      the immune precipitation system. The results are consistent with the hypothesis
      that the receptor for choleragen is a glycolipid and reduce, but do not totally
      eliminate, the likelihood that the receptor is glycoprotein in nature.

PMID- 1091552
TI  - Effects of human and rabbit serum on viability, permeability, and envelope lipids
      of Serratia marcescens.
AB  - The major action of serum on gram-negative organisms is thought to be on the
      microbial envelope. We compared the effects of normal human and rabbit serum on
      the envelope lipids of two strains of Serratia marcescens, one sensitive and one
      resistant to the bactericidal effects of serum. During killing by either serum,
      the sensitive strain underwent rapid permeability changes coincident with
      degradation of microbial phospholipids. The resistant strain exhibited none of
      these effects. The phospholipid degradation that accompanies killing of the
      sensitive strain by serum could be caused by phospholipases present in serum or
      by Serratia's own phospholipid-splitting enzymes. The results indicate that
      phospholipid breakdown is caused by activation of bacterial of bacterial
      phospholipases and not by serum phospholipases. This conclusion is based upon the
      following findings.(i1 Although rabbit serum phospholipase A was at least 10
      times more active than human serum phospholipase A, phospholipid degradation in
      the sensitive Serratia strain was comparable during (equally rapid) killing by
      human or rabbit serum. (ii) Heat treatment (56 C) of both sera eliminated
      bactericidal activity as well as microbial lipid degradation but abolished
      phospholipase activity of human serum only. (iii) Virtually complete removal of
      phospholipase A activity from human serum by adsorption onto autoclaved
      Micrococcus lysodeikticus had no effect on the extent of phospholipid hydrolysis
      or on bactericidal activity. Activation by serum of endogenous phospholipase
      activity in S. marcescens was accompanied by enhanced incorporation of lipid
      precursors into bacterial lipids. No evidence was found for increased turnover of
      protein or ribonucleic acid during killing by serum.

PMID- 1091554
TI  - Virologic and serologic studies of zoo birds for Marek's disease virus infection.
AB  - One hundred and eleven zoo birds representing 49 species in 14 orders were
      examined for Marek's disease (MD) herpesvirus (MDHV) infection. MDHV was isolated
      from 10 birds, all belonging to genus Gallus. The precipitating antibodies
      against MDHV were demonstrated only in the Gallus birds, when 51 selected birds
      including 34 Galliformes and 17 other birds representing 12 species from nine
      orders were examined. The 10 MDHV isolates all induced morphologically similar
      plaques in cell cultures closely resembling those of HN strain, a low pathogenic
      isolate of MDHV. Six of the 10 isolates, when inoculated into an experimental
      line of chickens highly susceptible to MD, caused only a minimal degree of
      histologic lesions without causing clinical MD, gross MD lesions, or deaths from
      MD. Natural hosts of MD are probably Galliformes, primarily affecting Gallus and
      less often other genera of Galliformes.

PMID- 1091553
TI  - Persistence of rubellavirus-specific immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin A
      antibodies: investigation of successive serum samples with lowered immunoglobulin
      G concentration.
AB  - The persistence of rubellavirus-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgA antibodies
      has been studied in seven patients with primary postnatal rubella infections.
      Successive blood samples obtained over a period of several years after the onset
      of disease have been investigated, employing the fluorescent antibody technique
      and the sucrose gradient centrifugation method. IgM antibodies were found to
      persist for 4 to 5 weeks after the onset of disease, with only moderate variation
      being observed with respect to the different patients and the method of
      investigation being studied. The persistence of IgA antibodies (as examined by
      the fluorescent antibody technique) varied from a few weeks to several years
      after the onset of the disease. The detection of IgA antibodies cannot be
      considered as conclusive for the diagnosis of recent rubella infections.

PMID- 1091555
TI  - Detection of a leukocytic endogenous mediator-like mediator of serum amino acid
      and zinc depression during various infectious illnesses.
AB  - Serum samples from patients with many different kinds of infection were shown to
      contain a substance characteristic of leukocytic endogenous mediator. Generalized
      bacterial infections produced more leukocytic endogenous mediator than did
      localized ones; viral infections produced very little. In typhoid fever, mediator
      concentrations increased before the onset of illness.

PMID- 1091556
TI  - Significane of intravascular coagulation in canine endotoxin shock.
AB  - The contribution of disseminated fibrin clot formation to the pathogenesis of
      canine endotoxin shock was explored in control dogs and in those defibrinated
      with a purified fraction of Malayan pit viper venom. The hemodynamic and humoral
      responses after the administration of an intravenous challenge dose of
      Escherichia coli endotoxin were comparable as was mortality. It is concluded
      that, although the role of the coagulation sequence in canine endotoxin shock is
      unclear, it does not appear to be determinative.

PMID- 1091557
TI  - Factors affecting filamentation in Candida albicans: relationship of the uptake
      and distribution of proline to morphogenesis.
AB  - When glucose was present in high concentration, Candida albicans formed filaments
      in a phosphate-buffered medium, regardless of the nitrogen source. In lower
      concentrations of glucose, filamentation occurred only when various members of
      the glutamate, succinyl, or acetoacetyl-coenzyme A families of amino acids were
      used as sole nitrogen sources. Yeast morphology could be maintained either by
      replacing the amino acids in the medium with ammonium chloride or by making the
      medium high in phosphate or biotin. Studies using [U-14C]proline indicated that
      proline was catabolized in a manner consistent with the generation of increased
      cellular reducing potential and that the proline label entered into the Kreb's
      cycle. A reduction in Kreb's cycle activity was evidenced by an initial increase
      and then a rapid drop of the total organic acid content of the cells as well as
      in specific Kreb's cycle intermediates. Filamentation under conditions of low
      phosphate, high glucose, and increased cellular reduction potential, accompanied
      by a decrease in Kreb's cycle activity, suggests that morphogenesis in C.
      albicans is correlated with a Crabtree-like effect, i.e., repression of
      mitochondrial activity.

PMID- 1091558
TI  - Immunodepression by Rowson-Parr virus in mice: effect of Rowson-Parr virus and
      Friend leukemia complex infections on background antibody-forming cells to
      various erythrocytes.
AB  - The numbers of background antibody-forming cells (BPFC) toward erythrocytes of
      various species present in the lymphoid organs of unimmunized susceptible BALB/c
      and resistant C57BL/6 mice were investigated at various times after infection
      with Friend leukemia complex (FLC) or Rowson-Parr virus (RPV). Both virus
      preparations induced an increase of BPFC numbers in both animal strains, but the
      rate and magnitude of the enhancements produced by RPV were much lower. The
      degree of potentiation varied with the specificity of the BPFC populations and
      was more pronounced in the spleen than in the lymph nodes and in BALB/c than in
      C57BL/6 mice. In the late stage of FLC infection, the numbers of splenic BPFC to
      some erythrocytes underwent a dramatic fall, which was not observed in RPV
      infected mice. BPFC present in BALB/c splenocytes cultured in diffusion chambers
      implanted in the peritoneal cavity of isogeneic normal mice were not affected by
      viral infection of the chambers.

PMID- 1091559
TI  - Heteroimmunization to the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type
      b induced by enteric cross-reacting bacteria.
AB  - Cross-reacting Escherichia coli strains Easter and 89 and Bacillus pumilis fed to
      newborn rabbits and E. coli fed to adult rhesus monkeys did not exert untoward
      reactions. The E. coli regularly colonized the newborns' intestinal tract from 1
      to 7 weeks. High doses of E. coli were necessary to colonize adult primates.
      Colonization occurred in fewer newborn rabbits and lasted only 1 to 3 weeks with
      B. pumilis. Colonized newborn rabbits and adult rhesus had an active Haemophilus
      influenzae type b (HITB) immune response. In the rabbit, colonization resulted in
      accelerated induction of immunoglobulin (Ig) M-. IgA-, and IgG-producing cells in
      the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and Peyer's patches after HITB challenge. E.
      coli-fed and control newborn primates were naturally colonized with
      nasopharyngeal and enteric cross-reacting bacteria and both groups rapidly
      developed HITB antibodies in the absence of the homologous organisms. Human
      newborn stool cultures, taken at the time of discharge from the nursery, showed a
      0.9% carriage rate for cross-reacting E. coli. These "carrier" infants acquired
      HITB antibodies more rapidly than their age-matched "noncarrier" controls.

PMID- 1091560
TI  - Effects of canine distemper virus infection on lymphoid function in vitro and in
      vivo.
AB  - In the present study, the immunodepressive effects of canine distemper virus
      (CDV) infection of dogs on two parameters of lymphocyte function, namely
      phytomitogen-induced cellular proliferation and skin allograft rejection, were
      investigated. Infection of susceptible gnotobiotic dogs with virulent R252-CDV
      resulted in a depression of peripheral blood lymphocyte mitogen response as
      measured by (3H)thymidine incorporation for up to 10 weeks after inoculation.
      This effect coincided with the appearance of viral antigen by immunofluorescence
      in leukocytes but persisted after the virus was no longer detectable. Loss of
      mitogen reactivity was seen in all infected dogs. However, when these same CDV
      infected dogs were challenged with foreign skin allografts, no significant
      retention of grafts over controls was observed despite the depressed lymphocyte
      activity. Considering the in vitro and in vivo data it was concluded that,
      although immunodepressive effects of CDV were demonstrated in vitro, paralled in
      vivo experiments indicated that less than complete suppression of immune
      functions occurs during the course of CDV infection.

PMID- 1091561
TI  - Superinfection in mice previously infected with Mycobacterium leprae.
AB  - Previous studies of the protection of mice by prior infection with Mycobacterium
      leprae in one hind footpad against challenge with M.leprae in the opposite hind
      footpad had produced conflicting results; therefore, the problem was restudied.
      In several experiments, BALB/c mice were inoculated first in the right hind
      footpad with 5,000 M. leprae and then challenged in the left hind footpad with
      5,000 M. leprae of the same strain at intervals after primary infection, at the
      same time that uninfected mice were inoculated. Multiplication of the M. leprae
      of the secondary challenge inoculum occurred at the same rate and to the same
      level as multiplication in uninfected mice when challenges were made soon after
      primary infection. Multiplication was slowed but proceeded to the same level in
      previously infected as in uninfected mice when the challenges were administered
      between 76 and 106 days after primary infection (47 to 17 days before the M.
      leprae of the primary inoculum had multiplied to the level of 10-6 organisms per
      footpad). Finally, the M. leprae of a secondary challenge administered at the
      time that the organisms of the primary inoculum had multiplied to 10-6 per
      footpad or later not only multiplied more slowly in previously infected than in
      control animals, but multiplication in the previously infected animals reached a
      lower maximum. These results are similar to those observed when mice previously
      infected with M. bovis (BCG), M. marinum, Toxoplasma gondii, or Besnoitia
      jellisoni were challenged with M. leprae.

PMID- 1091562
TI  - Treponema pallidum (Nichols strain) in tissue cultures: cellular attachment,
      entry, and survival.
AB  - The interaction of Treponema pallidum (Nichols strain) with cultured cells was
      investigated under aerobic conditions. Cell monolayers derived from rabbit
      testicular tissue extended the survival of treponemes as indicated by active
      motility. Large numbers of organisms rapidly attached to cultured cells. Within 3
      h, one to twelve actively motile treponemes were attached to 25 to 50% of the
      cells. In addition, T. pallidum attained intracellularity as early as 30 min
      after inoculation of the cell monolayers. In sharp contrast, T. phagedenis
      biotype Reiter and T. denticola did not attach and did not enter cultured cells.
      Most importantly, intracellular and/or attached T. pallidum retained virulence
      for at least 24 h. Similar observations of attachment and retention of virulence
      were detected with ME-180, a cell line derived from a human cervical carcinoma.
      Preliminary studies with superoxide dismutase indicated that this enzyme
      prolonged treponemal motility and retention of virulence in the presence of
      cultured cells. These data provide guidelines for further investigations of in
      vitro cultivation of T. pallidum.

PMID- 1091563
TI  - Motility as a virulence factor for Vibrio cholerae.
AB  - The ability of motile strains of the Ogawa and Inaba serotypes of classical
      Vibrio cholerae and of the El Tor biotypes to kill suckling mice after oral
      challenge with 10-8 colony-forming units (representing at least 100 to 1,000
      minimal lethal doses) was compared to that of nonmotile derivatives of the same
      strains. Loss of motility, in each case, resulted in a marked reduction in
      virulence. The mortality (at 36 h) caused by 10 of the 13 nonmotile strains was
      32% or less. whereas the motile wild-type strains resulted in nearly 100% deaths.
      The reduced virulence of the nonmotile strains was associated with reduced
      capacity to adsorb to the surface of segments of mouse intestine. The mutants
      were tested for alterations in enterotoxin production and surface properties. The
      results suggest that motility may contribute to virulence by increasing the
      chance for association of the vibrios with the intestinal mucosa.

PMID- 1091564
TI  - Serotyping of Chlamydia: isolates of bovine origin.
AB  - Chlamydial isolates of bovine origin were serotyped by a plaque reduction method.
      Of the two major serotypes observed, type 1 included isolates from bovine
      abortion and enteric infections, whereas type 2 isolates were associated with
      polyarthritis or encephalomyelitis. These two serotypes were identical to those
      with a similar disease distribution previously observed in isolates of ovine
      origin. The two groups did not cross-react and they were serologically unrelated
      to chlamydiae of avian origin. Thus, it appears that many chlamydial isolates
      causing intestinal infections or abortion in sheep or cattle are closely related
      antigenically, as are those producing polyarthritis, encephalomyelitis, and
      conjunctivitis, and that the two groups are distinct.

PMID- 1091565
TI  - Inhibition of the steroidogenic effects of cholera and heat-labile Escherichia
      coli enterotoxins by GM1 ganglioside: evidence for a similar receptor site for
      the two toxins.
AB  - The effects of three different ganglioside preparations on cholera enterotoxin
      (CT) and heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin (ECT)-induced steroidogenesis
      in Y1 and OS3 adrenal tumor cells in tissue culture were examined. Only with GM1
      ganglioside was any inhibition of the toxins' effects noted. Concentrations of
      the crude ECT preparation that gave similar morphogenic and steroidogenic effects
      as CT were inhibited by the same amount or less of GM1 as that required to
      inhibit the effects of CT. The results of competition experiments also
      demonstrated that previous incubation of GM1 with one toxin could inhibit the
      ganglioside's ability to inactivate the other toxin. These findings indicate that
      at least for Y1 and OS3 adrenal tumor cells, GM1 may resemble or be the receptor
      for both CT and ECT.

PMID- 1091566
TI  - Detection of virus-specific antibody-forming cells of mice immunized with
      Newcastle disease virus.
AB  - The hemolytic plaque assay was adapted to the detection of antibodies to
      Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in an in vivo, an in vitro system, and a combined
      in vivo-in vitro system. Several conditions were tested for coupling of sheep
      erythrocytes to NDV and for the kinetics of plaque formation in the in vivo and
      in vitro systems. The one set of conditions which provided the best responses is
      presented. The effect of multiple injections of NDV into mice on plaque formation
      was optimized.

PMID- 1091567
TI  - On the question of permeability of the blood-brain barrier to botulinum toxin.
AB  - The clinical symptoms of botulinum intoxication suggest that besides the
      involvement of the peripheral nervous system, the central nervous system is also
      affected. Studies were undertaken to determine whether pure toxin of Clostridium
      botulinum type A could be demonstrated in the brains of poisoned mice. With the
      aid of autoradiography of the toxin marked with 125-I and indirect fluorescent
      labeling it was possible to show the presence of the toxin in the parenchyma of
      the brain.

PMID- 1091568
TI  - Intraoral psoriasis vulgaris.

PMID- 1091569
TI  - Hereditary polymorphic light eruption of American Indians.

PMID- 1091570
TI  - Infection versus disease in South American blastomycosis.
AB  - The mechanism of infection in South American blastomycosis is discussed, and the
      probability of a mild or asymptomatic form of the disease, regressing
      spontaneously with subsequent immunity, in persons living in endemic areas.
      Primary lesions in the oral mucosa or in the skin have not been convincingly
      shown to occur in paracoccidioidomycosis. Several reports of systemic involvement
      of many organs with no evidence of skin and mucosal lesions support the theory of
      pulmonary entry.

PMID- 1091571
TI  - Etiology of a bibliophile.

PMID- 1091572
TI  - Utilization of immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of bullous diseases, lupus
      erythematosus and certain other dermatoses.

PMID- 1091573
TI  - The effects of rifampicin on electron- and neutron-irradiated E. coli B/r and BS
      1: Survival, DNA degradation and DNA synthesis by membrane fragments.
AB  - The effect of rifampicin after irradiation with electrons or neutrons on cell
      killing, DNA degradation and the ability of DNA-membrane complex extracted from
      irradiated bacteria to synthesize DNA was studied in strains E. coli B/r and BS
      minus 1. Post-irradiation treatment with rifampicin greatly enhanced the lethal
      effects of both electrons and neutrons on the repair-proficient strain E. coli
      B/r under anoxic conditions. However, the same post-irradiation treatment of the
      repair-deficient strain E. coli BS minus 1 with rifampicin gave no consequent
      increase in lethality. Rifampicin did not alter the extent of DNA degradation in
      either strain after irradiation with electrons or neutrons. The DNA-synthetic
      activity of DNA-membrane complex from electron-irradiated E. coli B/r and BS
      minus 1 was not altered by post-irradiation treatment with rifampicin, nor did
      this treatment affect synthesis by DNA-membrane complex isolated from neutron
      irradiated BS minus 1; but the complex, isolated from E. coli B/r which had been
      irradiated under anoxic conditions with neutrons, showed a marked decrease in
      activity. We suggest that post-irradiation sensitization with rifampicin of the
      repair-proficient E. coli B/r, especially after irradiation under anoxic
      conditions, indicates that initiation of the synthesis of an RNA molecule is
      involved. In addition our results suggest that the structure of the membrane
      complex in E. coli B/r and BS minus 1 is different.

PMID- 1091574
TI  - The organisation and operational nursing management of cardiac arrest.

PMID- 1091576
TI  - Improved surgical treatment of cancer of the lower lip.
AB  - Combination (with some minor modifications) of the classic plastic procedures of
      broad resection of the lower lip with V-Y partial closure, specially designed
      Abbe flap and cheek transposition after a skin resection lateral of the nostril
      represents a most satisfactory surgical treatment for cancer of the lower lip.

PMID- 1091575
TI  - Primary angiosarcoma of the liver. Review article.

PMID- 1091577
TI  - Acute abdomen in a patient treated with lamprene.
AB  - Patients receiving Lamprene may develop acute abdominal symptoms which simulate
      an abdominal emergency. Withdrawal of the drug relieves these symptoms. The
      absorption of Lamprene can be increased and deposition in the reticuloendothelial
      system as crystals can be avoided if it is administered in an alcoholic medium.

PMID- 1091578
TI  - Radical excision and reconstruction in advanced maxillofacial carcinomas.
AB  - Some problems on excision and reconstruction in maxillofacial cancer surgery were
      briefly discussed and three representative cases presented. One innovation
      presented concerned the use of an almost circular cheek skin flap containing
      branches of the superficial temporalis artery preserved intact.

PMID- 1091579
TI  - [Psychical sequelae of chronic alcoholism].

PMID- 1091580
TI  - [Psychoses in endocrine diseases].

PMID- 1091581
TI  - [Psychiatric syndromes in anemias, collagen diseases, mineral metabolism
      disorders and postinfectious conditions].

PMID- 1091582
TI  - [Psychiatric-neurological disorders in chronic liver diseases].

PMID- 1091583
TI  - [Perinatal hepatitis B infection].

PMID- 1091585
TI  - [Concept of the diseased state from the standpoint of the pathologist].

PMID- 1091584
TI  - [Suicide and attempted suicide as internistic emergency].

PMID- 1091586
TI  - [Concept of disease from the standpoint of the clinician].

PMID- 1091587
TI  - [Concept of disease from the standpoint of the biostatistician].

PMID- 1091588
TI  - [Nosology on the path of new classification patterns. Syndromes and
      syndromatology].

PMID- 1091589
TI  - [Medicine without diagnosis?].

PMID- 1091590
TI  - [Treatment of immediate drug hypersensitivity].

PMID- 1091591
TI  - Excision of the donor cornea instead of enucleation.
AB  - Shortage of corneal grafts is common in many countries.  The method presented
      here has been developed to relieve this situation and make it easier, especially
      from the psychological point of view, to obtain a license for excising corneas
      from cadavers. An 11 mm. corneal button is excised from the donor eye in situ
      with a Draeger electric rotor trephine and the donor eyes remain apparently
      normal looking.  These excised corneas without sclerocorneal rims are placed in
      adequate without sclerocorneal rims are placed in adequate storage media for long
      term cryopreservation according to Capella, Kaufman, and Robbins or for short
      term storage according to McCarey and Kaufman. The preliminary results are
      promising and the technique seems not to be too delicate or complicated to be
      carried out by an experienced eye bank technician.  It has improved our
      possibilities for storing donor corneas and for collecting many tissue-typed
      corneas in our eye bank.

PMID- 1091592
TI  - The inhibiting effect of indomethacin on the disruption of the blood-aqueous
      barrier in the rabbit eye.
AB  - The aqueous flare (AF) of an intact rabbit eye was measured by a photoelectric
      instrument. Local application of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its precursor
      arachidonic acid (AA) gave an almost identical increase of the AF. The response
      to AA but not to PGE2 was inhibited by pretreating the eye locally with a
      solution of indomethacin. The ability of indomethacin to inhibit the aqueous
      flare response (AFR) to an agent is assumed to indicate that a kind of
      prostaglandin is the effector of the AF. Indomethacin blocked the AFR to infrared
      irradiation of the iris and to intravenous administration of endotoxin but not to
      subcutaneous administration of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH).

PMID- 1091593
TI  - The effects of BCG on the dog bladder.
AB  - Immunostimulation with agents such as Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) may
      represent an adjunctive treatment modality in patients with cancer of the
      bladder. To investigate the effects of direct inoculation, BCG was injected into
      the bladder of sensitized (PPD) and nonsensitized dogs. A marked and predictable
      inflammatory reaction was seen in all of the sensitized and in some of the
      nonsensitized dogs. This reaction was characterized by an extensive histiocytic
      infiltration with varying proportions of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, plasma
      cells, and lymphocytes. Follow-up examination of one dog 7 weeks after initial
      biopsy showed that this marked inflammatory reaction had resolved. Our findings
      suggest that in the future nonspecific immunopotentiators may play a role in the
      treatment of cancer of the bladder.

PMID- 1091594
TI  - Evaluation of a magnetic bladder pump for neurogenic bladders.
AB  - A new bladder pump prosthesis has been designed and evaluated in the normal dog
      bladder. This encompasses a magnetic pump located subcutaneously with internal
      silicone catheters from bladder to the urethra. The pump is powered from a hand
      held activator which is magnetically coupled externally across the skin. This
      pump was evaluated in 12 dogs for an average of 65 days and provided adequate
      emptying of the bladder without alteration of the normal urinary tract or pump
      malfunction. The potential and limitations of this new approach are discussed.

PMID- 1091595
TI  - Intrarenal distribution of flow during perfusion.
AB  - Intrarenal flow distribution in ischemic and nonischemic dog kidneys has been
      studied using the 133Xe washout technique and angiography. These preliminary
      studies showed two different hemodynamic alterations during perfusion,
      vasoconstriction, and diminution of cortical flow. Vasoconstriction of the renal
      artery and branches noted in both groups was observed to be a reversible
      phenomenon and disappeared within 1 hr of perfusion. A decrease in cortical flow
      was also seen at the beginning of perfusion in both groups, being much more
      severe in the ischemic group. Significant improvement in cortical flow was noted
      during the 1st hr of perfusion by both angiographic and washout techniques. This
      was most pronounced in the nonischemic group. The determination of flow
      distribution by 133Xe washout technique appears to correlate well with
      concomitant angiography. Future studies directed toward modification of
      preservation methods to minimize these changes may well lead to improvement of
      the present state of renal preservation.

PMID- 1091596
TI  - Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790).

PMID- 1091597
TI  - Commentary on placebos.

PMID- 1091598
TI  - Science as social and political reform. Monists and Nazis: a question of
      scientific responsibility.

PMID- 1091599
TI  - Health personnel in Hawaii, 1820-1974.

PMID- 1091601
TI  - Psychological testing in headache: a review.

PMID- 1091600
TI  - Editorial: Aloha, Ira Hirschy!

PMID- 1091602
TI  - Clonidine--its use in migraine therapy.

PMID- 1091603
TI  - Letter:Discovery of thermoluminescence.

PMID- 1091604
TI  - Extrachromosomal elements in a super-suppression system of yeast. III. Enhanced
      detection of weak suppressors in certain non-suppressed psi-strains.
AB  - Individual colonies of an adenine-requiring strain of the genotype ade 2-1,
      SUPQ5, [psi minus] exhibit high and uniform frequencies of ADE+ revertants (5-1
      times 10-5). The frequencies for strains of the genotypes ade 2-1, SUPQ5+, [psi+]
      and ade 2-1 SUPQ5+, [psi minus] are by contrast 1-2 times 10-7 and 0-5 times 10-7
      respectively. Mutation from [psi minus] to [psi+] can occur. This suggests that
      the original mutation from [psi+] to [psi minus] is not necessarily a physical
      loss of, or extensive deletion, the extrachromosomal elements. Although mutation
      from [psi minus] to [psi+] occurs, the majority of ADE+ revertants from ade 2-1,
      SUPQ5, [psi minus] strains contain other types of mutation. Crosses between most
      ADE+ revertants and ade 2-1, SUPO5+, [psi minus] strains yield adenine-requiring
      diploids and tetrad segregations of 0:4, 1:3 and 2:2 ADE+ :ade minus. It is
      argued that most mutations give rise to weak recessive suppressors (SUPX) which
      are themselves incapable of suppressing the ochre allele ade 2-1, unless the
      allele SUPQ5 is also present. Tests with two suppressors, S-theta and S-zeta,
      isolated by Dr R. A. Gilmore, which are themselves incapable of suppressing ade 2
      1, show that they do not do so even in the presence of SUPQ5. Thus the set of
      suppressors isolated by us is a special class which can perhaps only be observed
      in the genetic background ade 2-1, SUPQ5, [psi minus]. There is evidence that
      some of the new suppressors are capable, in the absence of SUPQ5, of weakly
      suppressing trp 5-48 and perhaps can 1-100. All ochre alleles are, however,
      suppressed by the combination SUPQ5, SUPX. SUPQ5 is able to suppress trp 5-48,
      his 5-2, lys 1-1 and can 1-100 in a [psi minus] background, although it does so
      variably. It is incapable of suppressing ade 2-1 in such a background. It is
      argued that the alteration in the [psi] determinant results in a lowered
      efficiency of suppression by SUPQ5 rather than a changed specificity.

PMID- 1091605
TI  - [Progress in therapy of Parkinsonian syndrome].

PMID- 1091606
TI  - [Principles and problems of glucocorticoid therapy in ophthalmology].

PMID- 1091607
TI  - [Desired and undesired effects of fasting therapy].

PMID- 1091608
TI  - [Electrosleep and electronarcosis].

PMID- 1091609
TI  - [A history of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (author's transl)].

PMID- 1091610
TI  - A disease in dogs resembling human pemphigus vulgaris: case reports.
AB  - A pemphigus-like disease occurred in 5 dogs. The canine disease closely resembled
      pemphigus vulgaris in man and was characterized by ulcerative lesions in the oral
      cavity, on the skin, and at mucocutaneous junctions. Histologically, the first
      sign of the disease was disappearance of the intercellular bridges in the lower
      epidermis. The resulting acantholysis was diagnostic for pemphigus. Antibodies to
      the intercellular space substance were detected by immunofluorescent staining in
      serum of 4 of the dogs. High doses of corticosteroids were effective in
      controlling the disease.

PMID- 1091611
TI  - Toxicity of hexachlorobenzene and associated residues in edible animal tissues.
AB  - The USDA has detected hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in the body fat of domestic animals
      and poultry in at least 14 states. In Louisiana, industrial contamination
      appeared to be largely responsible for the HCB residues detected in cattle.
      Following the episode in Louisiana, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
      established an interim tolerance of 0.5 ppm for HCB in the fat of cattle, sheep,
      goats, and horses. Edible meat products containing HCB at higher concentrations
      are violative and cannot be used as a source of food for human consumption.

PMID- 1091612
TI  - Surgical procedure to control hemorrhage of the porcine vulva.

PMID- 1091613
TI  - Wilhelm Bitter.

PMID- 1091614
TI  - Ruth Campbell.

PMID- 1091615
TI  - Methodological aspects of blood flow measurement in ovaries containing corpora
      lutea.
AB  - Ovarian blood flow measurements were carried out in pseudopregnant anesthetized
      rabbits in order to compare three different techniques. Direct measurement by
      venous cannulation and flow determination by 15-mum radioactive microspheres
      resulted in values 5 and 10 times higher, respectively, than indicator fraction
      technique using -86Rb. The direct method inevitably involves surgical handling of
      the ovary and its vessels, which may account for the lower values found with this
      method than with microspheres. A comparison between the dynamics of -86Rb uptake
      in the luteal ovary and the hindleg tissues, mainly consisting of striated
      muscle, indicated that this technique will underestimate ovarian blood flow due
      to a low ovarian extraction of the radionuclide. In the preparation for direct
      measurement the relation between blood pressure and flow was linear. This lack of
      autorgeulation is an important factor to consider in studies of ovarian steroid
      secretion rates. The radioactive microsphere technique appears to reflect
      physiological blood flow in the ovary and corpus leteum of the rabbit and can be
      useful in studies of vascular mechanisms in this gland.

PMID- 1091616
TI  - Effect of aeration on minimal medium recovery of heated Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The effect of presence or absence of air on minimal medium recovery of heated
      Salmonella typhimurium was investigated. It was determined that the expression of
      minimal medium recovery is not only dependent on heat and a nutritionally complex
      medium but also on air. Unlike in the presence of air, in the presence of
      nitrogen, cells were able to recover their ability to grow on Trypticase soy agar
      enriched with 0.5% yeast extract (TSY) when incubated in TSY broth. It was
      established that in the presence of nitrogen the number of heat-TSY- induced,
      single-straneded breaks in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) were less than in the
      presence of air. Furthermore, the DNA breaks in nitrogen were repaired, whereas
      DNA breaks in air were not. The ability of cells to grow on TSY agar corresponded
      well with their ability to repair damage to DNA.

PMID- 1091617
TI  - Regulation of methionine transport activity in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Methionine transport activity in cells of Escherichia coli K-12 is regulated by
      the  level of the internal methionine pool. Transport activity is depressed
      either in cells grown in the presence of methionine or in cells exposed to
      methionine immediately prior to harvest. Alpha-Keto-gamma-methiol-butyrate, D
      methionine, or methionine sulfoxide have little effect on the initial rate of
      uptake of L-methionine when they are added simultaneously with the substrate.
      However, methionine transport is markedly reduced in cells exposed to these
      sources of L-methionine before the addition of substrate. This reduction is
      prevented if the cells are treated with amino oxyacetic acid. The initial rate of
      uptake into L-methionine-loaded cells was lower than that into unloaded cells.
      This inhibition affected both methionine transport systems and the inhibition by
      the internal pool appeared to be non-competitive with the external methionine
      concentration. Two classes of mutants with increased methionine pools have
      decreased rates of uptake. Conversely, starvation for methionine in a methionine
      auxotroph with high rates of methionine degradation resulted in a substantial
      increase in the rate of methionine transport. Thus, these transport systems are
      subject to regulation by the internal pool size and possibly by repression.

PMID- 1091618
TI  - Isolation and characterization of lambda transducing bacteriophages for the su1+
      (supD minus) amber suppressor of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Specialized lambda transducing phages for the sul+ (supD-) amber suppressor in
      Escherichia coli K-12 have been isolated, using a secondary site lambda-cI857
      lysogen in which we have shown the prophage to be closely linked to sul+.sul+
      transducing particles were detected frequently, at 10-5 per plaque-forming unit,
      in lysates prepared from the secondary-site lysogens. High-frequency transducing
      lysates were obtained from several independently isolated sul+ transductants and
      were analyzed by CsCl equilibrium density gradient centrifugation. The
      transducing phages are defective; marker rescue analysis indicates that the
      lambda-N gene is not present. In lambda-cI857DELTANdSul+, a bio-type transducing
      phage, the genes specifying recombination and excision functions have been
      replaced by bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid.

PMID- 1091619
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid-cytosine methylation by host- and plasmid-controlled
      enzymes.
AB  - Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-cytosine methylation specified by the wild-type
      Escherichia coli K 12 mec+ gene and by the N-3 drug resistance (R) factor was
      studied in vivo and in vitro. Phage lambda and fd were propagated in the presence
      of L-[methyl-3H]methionine in various host bacteria. The in vivo labeled DNA was
      isolated from purified phage and depurinated by formic acid-diphenylamine
      treatment. The resulting pyrimidine oligonucleotide tracts were separated
      according to size and base composition by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl
      cellulose in 7 M urea at pH 5.5 and 3.5, respectively. The distribution of
      labeled 5-methylcytosine in DNA pyrimidine tracts was identical for phage grown
      in mec+ and mec minus (N-3) cells. For phage lambda the major 5-methylcytosine
      containing tract was the tripyrimidine, C2T; for both fd-mec minus (N-3) DNA and
      fd-mec+DNA, C2T was the sole 5-methylcytosine-containing tract. When various
      lambda DNAs were methylated to saturation in vitro by crude extracts from mec+
      and mec minus (N-3) cells, the extent of cytosine methylation was the same. This
      is in contrast to in vivo methylation where lambda-mec minus (N-3) DNA contains
      twice as many 5-methylcytosines per genome as lambda-mec+ DNA. Therefore, we
      suggest that the K12 met+ cytosine methylase and the N-3 plasmid modification
      methylase are capable of recognizing the same nucleotide sequences, but that the
      in vivo methylation rate is lower in mec+ cells.

PMID- 1091620
TI  - Stimulation of adenosine 5'-triphosphate-dependent in vitro deoxyribonucleic acid
      replication by factors from the periplasmic space of Escherichia coli.
AB  - In vitro deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis systems based on an earlier system
      using pencillin have been developed which use osmotic lysis of lysozyme-formed
      spheroplasts of Escherichia coli cells embedded in an agarose matrix. An
      adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-dependent semiconservative mode, or replicative
      mode, of in vitro DNA synthesis is exhibited which is sensitivie to nalidixic
      acid.  These systems require growth of the agar-embedded cells in a preincubation
      medium before spheroplast formation and osmotic lysis. Inhibitor studies suggest
      that one or more required macromolecular species are synthesized during this
      preincubation growth period. Osmotic shock fluid from E. coli contains
      macromolecular factors which preferentially stimulate the ATP- dependent
      semiconservative mode of in vitro DNA synthesis. In some cases, the ATP
      independent mode of synthesis is inhibited by shock fluid. Evidence is presented
      that the stimulating factors found in the osmotic shock fluid come from the E.
      coli periplasmic space. This stimulation is observed using either toluene-treated
      cells or lysed agar-embedded ethylene glycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether) N,N'
      tetraacetate-lysozyme spheroplasts, and is thus independent of the in vitro DNA
      synthesis system used. Shock fluid obtained from a given E. coli dna mutant does
      not stimulate in vitro DNA synthesis by that mutant. However, in some cases,
      shock fluid from one class of dna mutants does stimulate ATP dependent in vitro
      DNA synthesis by another class of dna mutants, in a thermosensitive reacaction.
      Gently prepared cell extracts also stimulate ATP-dependent in vitro DNA
      synthesis, whereas cell extracts prepared by more severe procedures inhibit this
      in vitro synthesis. Severl stimulating DNA replication factors may be present in
      the osmotic shock fluid, including products of E. coli dna genes.

PMID- 1091621
TI  - Gentic mapping of Salmonella typhimurium peptidase mutations.
AB  - The map positions of three loci, each specifying a different peptidase, have been
      determined in Salmonella typhimurium. Mutations in pepN (leading to loss of
      peptidase N [1974] are co-transducible with pyrD. The order of markers in this
      region is put pyrD pepN. Mutations in pepA (leading to loss of peptidase A [1974]
      are co-transducible with pyrB and argI. The relative orientation of these markers
      is pepA argI pyrB. Mutations in pepDP (leading to loss of dipeptidase, peptidase
      D) are co-transducible with proBA and gxu. The order of these markers is pepD gxu
      pro.

PMID- 1091622
TI  - Characterization of mucoid mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 isolated after
      exposure to ozone.
AB  - Seventy mucoid mutants retaining the phenotypic properties of the ultraviolet
      induced lon strains of Escherichia coli K-12 were isolated after treatment of
      strain MQ259 (lon+) with ozone. They produce mucoid colonies at 37 C on minimal
      agar, are abnormally sensitive to radiation, and tend to grow in long aseptate
      filaments after irradiation with ultraviolet light. Results indicate also that
      ozone sensitivity, radiosensitivity, and mucoidy are pleiotropic properties of
      the lon gene.

PMID- 1091623
TI  - Tryptophan photoproduct(s): sensitized induction of strand breaks (or alkali
      labile bonds) in bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid during near-ultraviolet
      irradiation.
AB  - Long-wavelength ultraviolet light (300 to 400 nm) converts L-tryptophan to a
      photoproduct that is toxic for bacterial cells in dark conditions. We now report
      that similar photoproducts of l-tryptophan sensitize bacterial deoxyribonucleic
      acid to 365-nm radiation, increasing the yield of deoxyribonucleic acid strand
      breaks (or alkali-labile bonds) by approximately 11.5-fold. Evidence is also
      presented which indicates that thse sensitized deoxyribonucleic acid lesions
      contribute to lethality for Escherichia coli irradiated with 365-nm ultraviolet
      light in suspensions of tryptophan photoproducts.

PMID- 1091624
TI  - Maltose chemoreceptor of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Strains carrying mutations in the maltose system of Escherichia coli were assayed
      for maltose taxis, maltose uptake at 1 and 10 muM maltose, and maltose-binding
      activity released by osmotic shock. An earlier conclusion that the metabolism of
      maltose is not necessary for chemoreception is extended to include the
      functioning of maltodextrin phosphorylase, the product of malP, and the genetic
      control of the maltose receptor by the product of malT is confirmed. Mutants in
      malF and malK are defective in maltose transport at low concentrations as well as
      high concentrations, as previously shown, but are essentially normal in maltose
      taxis. The product of malE has been previously shown to be the maltose-binding
      protein and was implicated in maltose transport. Most malE mutants are defective
      in maltose taxis, and all those tested are defective in maltose transport at low
      concentrations. Thus, as previously suggested, the maltose-binding protein
      probably serves as the recognition component of the maltose receptor, as well as
      a component of the transport system. tsome malE mutants release maltose-binding
      activity and are tactic toward maltose, although defective in maltose transport,
      implying that the binding protein has separate sites for interaction with the
      chemotaxis and transport systems. Some mutations in lamB, whose product is the
      receptor for the bacteriophage lamba, cause defects in maltose taxis, indicating
      some involvement of that product in maltose reception.

PMID- 1091625
TI  - Origin of the TEM-beta-lactamase gene found on plasmids.
AB  - A sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid of 2.7 times 10-6 to 3.3 times 10-6 daltons
      which includes the TEM beta-lactamase gene is present on the small plasmid RSF
      1030 (R-Amp). This same sequence is present on plasmid derivatives that have
      received a translocation of deoxyribonucleic acid specifying the TEM beta
      lactamase and is also present on naturally occurring plasmids of the F1, F11, N,
      X, O, I, C, and W incompatibility groups that do not specify ampicillin
      resistance or specify O-type beta-lactamases.

PMID- 1091626
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of three Escherichia coli mutants with
      altered transfer ribonucleic acid methylases.
AB  - Seven transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) methylase mutants were isolated from
      Escherichia coli K-12 by examining the ability of RNA prepared from clones of
      unselected mutagenized cells to accept methyl groups from S-adenosylmethionine
      catalyzed by crude enzymes from wild-type cells. Five of the mutants had an
      altered uracil-tRNA methylase; consequently their tRNA's lacked ribothymidine.
      One mutant had tRNA deficient in 7-methylguanosine, and one mutant contained tRNA
      lacking 2-thio-5-methylaminomethyluridine. The genetic loci of the three tRNA
      methylase mutants were distributed over the E. coli genome. The mutant strain
      deficient in 7-methylguanosine biosynthesis showed a reduced efficiency in the
      suppression of amber mutations carried by T4 or lambda phages.

PMID- 1091627
TI  - Chromosomal location of mutations affecting the electrophoretic mobility of
      malate dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The structural locus for a soluble malate dehydrogenase (l-malate:NAD
      oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.37), mdh, lies about 1.2 min from aspB on the
      Escherichia coli chromosome in the sequence argG, aspB, mdh.

PMID- 1091628
TI  - Analysis of glutamate exit in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli B exhibits carrier-mediated first-order exit of glutamate with a
      half-time of less than 4 min, similar to that observed in K-12 strains. Glutamate
      exit in both B and K-12 strains is inhibited by arsenite. Practically all of the
      radioactivity lost during exit by K-12 cells has been accounted for as glutamate
      in the cell filtrate.

PMID- 1091629
TI  - Modified penicillin enrichment procedure for the selection of bacterial mutants.
AB  - Penicillin enrichment and selection of biochemical mutants was performed on agar
      plates. With this technique, there is an optimum penicillin exposure time for the
      greatest yield of a particular auxotroph.

PMID- 1091630
TI  - Detection of a protein, similar to the sex pilus subunit, in the outer membrane
      of Escherichia coli cells carrying a derepressed F-like R factor.
AB  - The outer membranes of Escherichia coli K-12 cells carrying a derepressed F-like
      R factor contain about 7 times 10-4 molecules per cell of a protein similar to
      the subunit of the sex pili specified by the R factor. This protein pool is
      absent in cells carrying the repressed variant of the R factor. The size of the
      pool is about one-half of the amount of protein incorporated into mature sex pili
      at the peak of production and is independent of the phase of growth of the
      culture. The molecular weight of the protein in the pool and of the subunit of
      the sex pili specified by the cells is 12,500 plus or minus 600.

PMID- 1091631
TI  - Properties of alpha-dehydrobiotin-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - We have isolated four classes of mutants resistant to alpha-dehydrobiotin, a
      biotin analogue. One mutant group, referred to as bioR shows high excretion
      levels of biotin vitamers, derepressed levels of the biotin biosynthetic enzymes,
      and resistance to repression by biotin. The mutation has been mapped between argC
      and bfe at min 79. A second class  of mutants, with lesions in the bioA operon at
      min 17.5, shows derepressed levels of the dethiobiotin synthetase enzyme and has
      been tentatively designated as bioO mutants. The other two mutant groups  show
      alterations in permeability: biotin uptake is markedly reduced in one, whereas in
      the other proline uptake is also affected. The former mutation lies near metE at
      min 75 and has been designated as bioP. The permeability mutants in the second
      group also show poor growth on minimal media, suggesting a generalized
      permeability effect. This mutation, designated as P, has not been mapped.

PMID- 1091632
TI  - Indirect selection for plasmid mutants: isolation of ColVBtrp mutants defective
      in self-maintenance in Escherichia coli.
AB  - An efficient method for isolation of a large number of plasmid mutants is
      described. It is based on the fact that N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
      induces a number of closely linked mutations within a short segment of the
      bacterial chromosome. Thus, selection for reversions of an auxotrophic marker
      located on the ColVBtrp plasmid yielded a large fraction (more than 50 percent)
      of mutants defective in some plasmid functions, including its own maintenance in
      the host bacteria. The results of preliminary characterization of strains
      carrying these mutated plasmids are presented.

PMID- 1091633
TI  - Variation of ribosomal proteins with bacterial growth rate.
AB  - The composition of ribosomal proteins has been examined as a function of the
      growth rate of Escherichia coli cells. Seven sets of cultural conditions,
      utilizing different combinations of carbon and nitrogen sources, were employed to
      provide a 36-fold spread in growth rate. The cellular content of most of the
      ribosomal proteins in ribosomes decreased to a similar extent in the very slow
      growing cultures. Major exceptions were proteins S6 and L12, which exhibited a
      much more pronounced decrease , and S21, which exhibited an increase. None of the
      proteins remained invariant with growth rate.

PMID- 1091634
TI  - Effects of colicin Ia on transport and respiration in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Treatment of Escherichia coli with colicin Ia leads to an inhibition in the
      active transport of exogenously supplied proline, thiomethyl-beta-D-galactoside
      and potassium ion. Furthermore, the addition of colicin Ia to cells preloaded
      with these substances leads to their almost immediate efflux. In contrast,
      colicin tia treatment enhances by as much as 10-fold the level of accumulation of
      alpha-methyl-D-glucoside. The colicin Ia-induced stimulation of glucoside
      accumulation is mediated by the phosphotransferase system. Cells treated with
      colicin Ia exhibit an increased rate of respiration when glucose is the substrate
      and a decreased rate when glycerol or succinate is the substrate; The decreased
      rate of succinate-dependent respiration is probably due to the failure of Ia
      treated cells to accumulate succinate.

PMID- 1091635
TI  - Purification and properties of a periplasmic glutamate-aspartate binding protein
      from Escherichia coli K12 strain W3092.
AB  - A protein which binds both glutamate (K-D = 0.8 muM) and aspartate (K-D = 1.2
      muM) has been purified to homogeneity (290-fold) from the periplasmic fraction
      released from Escherichia coli W3092 by the cold osmotic shock procedure. The
      apparent molecular weight of the glutamate-aspartate binding protein is
      approximately 31,000 as judged by gel electrophoresis, gel filtration, and
      sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation; and the protein has a pI of 9.69. This
      protein contains 2 half-cystine residues and is dependent on a dithiothreitol
      sensitive component for renaturation to an active conformation following urea or
      guanidine treatment. Of the natural amino acids only the L isomers of glutamate,
      aspartate, glutamine, asparagine, and alanine were inhibitors of either
      [C]glutamate or [14C]aspartate binding and the inhibitions were competitive. Only
      one binding site is indicated per molecule of protein. Antibody prepared against
      the glutamate-asparate binding protein does not cross-react with purified
      glutamine binding protein or any other component of osmotic shock fluid. The
      antibody does cross-react with osmotic shock fluids obtained from E. coli strains
      B and W and Salmonella typhimurium OT2. The glutamate-aspartate binding protein
      antibody complex does not bind either glutamate or aspartate. The protein may be
      similar to the glutamate binding activity detected in the periplasmic fraction
      released from E. coli strain B (Miner, K.M., and Frank, L. (1974) J. Bacteriol.
      117, 1093-1098) and strain K12 CS (Barash, H., and Halpern, Y.S. (1971) Biochem.
      Biophys. Res. Commun. 45, 681-688). This protein appears to function in the
      transport of glutamate by E. coli strain W cultured in minimal medium with
      succinate as the carbon source (Willis, R.C., and Furlong, C.E. (1975) J. Biol.
      Chem. 250, 2581-2586.

PMID- 1091636
TI  - Interactions of a glutamate-aspartate binding protein with the glutamate
      transport system of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli cells cultured with succinate as the carbon source display
      apparent K-m values for the uptake of L-glutamate of 10 muM in the absence of
      added sodium ion and 0.7 muM in the presence of an optimal level of sodium ion
      (15 to 50 mM). The glutamate transport system of the  succinate cultured cells is
      noncompetitively inhibited by L-aspartate. A protein which binds glutamate and
      aspartate with K-D values of 0.7 and 1.2 muM, respectively, is released from the
      succinate cultured cells by osmotic shock or with the formation of spheroplasts
      during the preparation of membrane vesicles. The membrane vesicles of succinate
      cultured cells do not retain the whole cell capacity for L-glutamate uptake, but
      do retain much of the whole cell capacity for L-aspartate uptake. Culture of E.
      coli cells with glucose as carbon source causes a 2- to 3-fold repression of
      glutamate-aspartate binding protein but does not affect the velocity component of
      glutamate transport. As shown by other workers, the glutamate transport system of
      glucose cultured cells displays a sodium affected K-m value (FRANK, L., AND
      HOPKINS, I. (1969) J. Bacteriol. 100, 329-336) and is noncompetitively inhibited
      by L-aspartate (HALPERN, Y. S., AND EVEN-SHOSHAN, A. (1967) J. Bacteriol. 93,
      1009-1016). Membrane vesicles prepared from glucose cultured cells retain the
      whole cell capacity for the uptake of glutamate (LOMBARDI, J. F., AND KABACK, H.
      R. (1972) J. Biol. Chem. 247, 7844-7857). The glutamate transport system of E.
      coli strain W appears to be conditionally dependent on the presence of the
      osmotic shock-releasable glutamate-aspartate binding protein. The results are
      interpreted to suggest that the binding protein-ligand complex acts as a
      substrate which is competitive with unbound substrate(s) for a sodium affected
      translocation process; the organization and specificity of which are dependent on
      the carbon source of the culture.

PMID- 1091637
TI  - Amino acid sequence of beta-galactosidase. IV. Sequence of an alpha-complementing
      cyanogen bromide peptide, residues 3 to 92.
AB  - Intracistronic alpha-complementation between a cyanogen bromide digest of beta
      galactosidase and an extract of the lac Zminus operator-proximal deletion mutant
      M15 was used to monitor the purification of a cyanogen bromide peptide (CB2)
      responsible for the complementation. Key steps in the purification were ion
      exchange chromatography on carboxymethylcellulose and sulfopropyl-Sephadex in the
      presence of urea, and Sephadex gel filtration. CB2 contains residues 3 to 92 of
      beta-galactosidase. Its sequence is: Ile-Thr-Asp-Ser-Leu-Ala-Val-Val-Leu-Gln-Arg
      Arg-Asp-Trp-Glu-Asn-Pro-Gly-Val-Thr-Gln-Leu-Asn-Arg-Leu-Ala-Ala-His-Pro-Pro-Phe
      Ala-Ser-Trp-Arg-Asn-Ser-Glu-Glu-Ala-Arg-Thr-Asp-Arg-Pro-Ser-Gln-Gln-Leu-Arg-Ser
      Leu-Asn-Gly-Glu-Trp-Arg-Phe-Ala-Trp-Phe-Pro-Ala-Pro-Glu-Ala-Val-Pro-Glu-Ser-Trp
      Leu-Glu-Cys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Glu-Ala-Asp-Thr-Val-Val-Val-Pro-Ser-Asn-Trp-Gln-Met. Thus
      no more than 1/13 of the beta-galactosidase polypeptide chain, starting 2
      residues from the NH2 terminus, is necessary for alpha-complementation with M15
      as alpha-acceptor.

PMID- 1091638
TI  - Purification and properties of rabbit reticulocyte protein synthesis elongation
      factor 2.
AB  - A homogeneous preparation of elongation factor 2 (EF-2) has been obtained from
      rabbit reticulocytes. EF-2, purified 1,960-fold, appears to be active as a single
      polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of approximately 100,000 based upon the
      following determinations: sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis (95,000);
      sedimentation equilibrium centrifugation (112,000); gel filtration (97,000); ADP
      ribosylation (103,000). The amino acid composition of rabbit reticulocyte EF-2 is
      almost identical with that of rat liver EF-2. The unknown amino acid in rat liver
      EF-2 which can be ADP-ribosylated appears also to be present in rabbit
      reticulocyte EF-2. A comparison of the amino acid composition of rabbit
      reticulocyte and rat liver EF-2 with Escherichia coli EF-G shows a high degree of
      similarity with only four amino acids differing by more than 10% (alanine,
      lysine, cysteine, and leucine).

PMID- 1091639
TI  - Enzymatic arginylation of beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and of angiotensin
      II.
AB  - Porcine beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and angiotensin II were examined as
      acceptors in the reaction catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase. Both
      inhibited enzymatic transfer of [14C]arginine from tRNA to bovine albumin.
      Inhibition was competitive with albumin and the K-i values were, respectively, 15
      and 0.8 muM. The expected arginylated compounds were isolated and characterized.
      Beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and its arginylated product had identical
      activities in the frog epithelium bioassay. In contrast, the biological activity
      of angiotensin II was diminished by enzymatic arginylation. The pressor effect of
      the arginylated derivative on anesthetized rats and its activity on the isolated
      rat uterus were, respectively, approximately 60% and 20% of those found for the
      unmodified peptide.

PMID- 1091640
TI  - Isolation, characterization, and turnover of glutathionylspermidine from
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1091641
TI  - Coupling of alanine racemase and D-alanine dehydrogenase to active transport of
      amino acids in Escherichia coli B membrane vesicles.
AB  - Isolated membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli B grown on DL-alanine-glycerol
      carry out amino acid active transport coupled to D-alanine oxidation by a
      membrane-bound dehydrogenase. Several other D-amino acids are substrates for this
      D-alanine dehydrogenase and also drive concentrative uptake of solutes.
      Additionally, L-alanine and L-serine can energize solute transport by virtue of
      conversion to oxidizable D isomers by a membrane-bound alanine racemase. No other
      physiological L-amino acids were effective. Both membrane enzymes and consequent
      solute transport are markedly reduced in vesicles from glucose-grown cells.
      Respiratory chain uncouplers abolish the racemase-dehydrogenase-supported
      transport activity. When amino-oxyacetate at 10-4 M is added to the vesicles, the
      racemase activity and transport driven by L-alanine and L-serine is specifically
      and reversibly inhibited. D-Alanine-driven transport is unaffected. Similarly
      beta-chloro-L-alanine is an irreversible inactivator of the bound racemase but
      not the D-alanine dehydrogenase. Both the D and L isomers of beta-chloroalanine
      support oxygen uptake by the vesicles and initially stimulate L-(14C)proline
      active transport. However, oxidation of the beta-chloro-D-alanine rapidly
      uncouples active transport from substrate oxidation. This transport inactivation
      can be protected partially by dithiothreitol, putatively scavenging a reactive
      product of chloroalanine oxidation. Authentic beta-chloropyruvate produces the
      same transport uncoupling. When beta-chloro-L-alanine is employed as a substrate,
      no such transport inactivation is observed. This difference may stem from the
      possibility that the alanine racemase eliminates HCl from beta-chloro-L-alanine
      producing pyruvate, not the beta-chloropyruvate that would arise from
      racemization and then dehydrogenation. We have shown that exogenous pyruvate is
      oxidized by the vesicles and will also stimulate active transport of amino acids.

PMID- 1091642
TI  - Transcription of bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid. Comparison of Escherichia
      coli and Azotobacter vinelandii sigma subunits.
AB  - The effect of the sigma subunit of RNA polymerase on the rate and asymmetry of
      the in vitro transcription of Escherichia coli and Azotobacter vinelandii phage
      DNAs has been studied with purified E. coli and A. vinelandii RNA polymerases and
      hybrid enzymes containing the core subunits of one enzyme and sigma from the
      other. The effect of sigma on the rate of transcription is characteristic of the
      template and not of the enzyme and depends on ionic strength. The rate of
      transcription of A. vinelandii phage A21 DNA is decreased by sigma at high ionic
      strength, but shows the more characteristic stimulation at KCl concentrations
      below 0.05 M. In contrast, the stimulation by sigma of T4 DNA transcription
      increased with an increase in the KCl concentrations. All combinations of core
      and sigma subunits behaved similarly with respect to stimulation or inhibition by
      sigma and with respect to asymmetric transcription of S13 replicative form
      (RF)DNA. However, the heterologous, but not the homologous combinations of core
      and sigma transcribed A21 symmetrically. S13 RF DNA in the superhelical, but not
      in the relaxed configuration, is transcribed asymmetrically by the A. vinelandii
      core enzyme. A role for the core subunits in specific site recognition is
      indicated by this observation.

PMID- 1091643
TI  - Transcription of Azotobacter phage deoxyribonucleic acid. Salt-dependent
      equilibrium between steps in initiation.
AB  - The transcription of Azotobacter phage A21 DNA by Escherichia coli or Azotobacter
      vinelandii RNA polymerase differs from that of some other DNAs in its inhibition
      by moderate concentrations of KCl. This characteristic results in an apparent low
      template activity for this DNA as compared with T4 DNA under standard assay
      conditions. From an analysis of the dependence of the various steps in initiation
      on KCl it is concluded that the effect is exerted on an equilibrium between an
      inactive polymerase-DNA complex and an active preintitiation complex. This salt
      sensitive equilibrium favors the inactive complex at a lower KCl concentration
      than with other templates. It can be approached from other low or high salt
      concentrations at a measurably slow rate.

PMID- 1091644
TI  - Ribonucleic acid processing activity of Escherichia coli ribonuclease III.
AB  - We have studied the nuclease activities present in preparations of Escherichia
      coli RNase III and the "sizing factor" responsible for specific processing of
      several RNA species. RNase III preparations contain three activities: one which
      solubilizes stable RNA:RNA duplexes; one which solubilizes the RNA of DNA:RNA
      hybrids; and one which processes the polycistronic mRNA of bacteriophage T7 in a
      manner identical with sizing factor. We show that the activity against the  RNA
      of DNA:RNA hybrids can be removed, but that the activity which cleaves RNA:RNA
      duplexes and that responsible for specific processing of phage T7 polycistronic
      mRNA appear to be identical by several biochemical criteria. In addition,
      partially purified enzyme fractions from mutants lacking these two activities
      contain substantial amounts of activity against the RNA of DNA:RNA hybrids. We
      have also defined several properties of the two activities solubilize RNA:RNA
      duplexes and RNA of DNA:RNA hybrids. Average oligonucleotide chain length in an
      exhaustive digest of double-stranded RNA is about 15 bases, while that in a
      digest of the RNA in DNA:RNA hybrids is less than 10 bases. Direct analysis shows
      that both activities cleave RNA chains to yield 5'-phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl
      termini. All four bases can reside at the 5' end of the resulting
      oligonucleotides, although both activities show a mild preference for certain
      bases. These results and previous findings allow us to specify the probably size
      and structure of potential cleavage sites for these enzymes in biological RNA
      molecules.

PMID- 1091645
TI  - Synthesis and turnover of ribosomal ribonucleic acid in guanine-starved cells of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The relationship between the rate of RNA accumulation and the level of guanosine
      triphosphate was examined. Cells auxotrophic for guanine show a 6-fold drop in
      the intracellular level of GTP in response to the exhaustion of the exogenous
      guanosine supply. Contraction of the GTP pool results in a 2.5-fold reduction in
      the rate of RNA synthesis and the cessation of RNA accumulation. The decrease in
      the rate of RNA synthesis is seen to occur at the level of chain elongation.
      Analysis of RNA made in guanine-starved cells by competition-hybridization and
      sucrose gradient sedimentation suggests that the turnover of newly synthesized
      ribosomal RNA accounts for the observed failure of RNA to accumulate.

PMID- 1091646
TI  - Comparison of fMet-tRNAf and Met-tRNAf from Escherichia coli and rabbit liver in
      initiation of hemoglobin synthesis.
AB  - A comparison has been made of the ability of the formylated and unformylated
      initiator tRNAs of Escherichia coli and rabbit liver to participate in a number
      of model reactions of protein synthesis. These reactions include: (a) formation
      of a ternary complex composed of the initiator tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor
      MP; (b) ApUpG-directed binding of the initiator tRNA to 40 S subunits with
      initiation factor Ml; (c) formation of the artificial dipeptide,
      methionylpuromycin; (d) formation of the natural initial globin dipeptide,
      methionylvaline; and (e) synthesis of sheep alpha and betaB-globin chains on
      reticulocyte polysomes from a type BB sheep. The results of these studies
      indicate that although the prokaryotic initiator tRNA species function
      efficiently in the partial reactions which involve only binding, the methionine
      donated by the prokaryotic tRNA is not incorporated efficiently into peptide
      linkage. This suggests that the initial high level of binding of the E. coli
      initiator tRNAs may be nonspecific, and that the structure of the tRNA itself is
      important for specific recognition by eukaryotic initiation factors. The effect
      of formylation on the effectiveness of the initiator tRNA is not clear; it
      reduces activity in ternary complex formation, does not affect ApUpG-directed
      binding to 40 S subunits, and increases the rate or extent of incorporation of
      methionine, or both, into methionylpuromycin and globin chains.

PMID- 1091647
TI  - Stoichiometry of compounds bound to human erythrocytes in relation to morphology.
AB  - Most work on human erythrocyte interaction with drugs and other compounds has
      been reported on the basis of total concentrations. Total concentrations alone do
      not reveal numbers of molecules bound per cell, v. This paper emphasizes
      determination of v and of binding isotherms, in conjunction with changes in cell
      morphologies and in hypotonic shock behavior as v is varied. Four drugs and five
      other compounds were studied, with fresh erythrocytes. The principal findings
      are: (1) the intact erythrocyte engages in two kinds of binding mechanisms,
      statistical binding and cooperative binding, depending on the compound. In the
      case of a detergent, dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the binding is nearly
      quantitative. (2) The compounds often induce considerable protection against
      hypotonic hemolysis. However, the binding levels at which maximum protection
      occurs are rather close to the levels, vL, that occur upon complete conversion to
      the first distorted morphology. Therefore, the maximally protected erythrocyte
      may be a distorted erythrocyte. (3) The value n is the apparent total number of
      sites from Scatchard plotting for compounds which bind in a statistical manner.
      Levels vp and vw characterize maxima in cooperative binding behavior, also from
      Scatchard plotting of the data. Despite the wide diversity of over-all levels at
      which compounds exert their effects, the critical binding levels of and numbers
      of sites fall into a narrow range:n, vL, vP, and vw are all between 1 and 8 times
      10-7 molecules or sites per cell. Most of our data, and that from some other
      laboratories, indicate that about 2 plus and minus 1 times 10-7 sites per
      erythrocyte are available for compound binding by the intact cell. Beyond that
      level, the cell in suspension almost always will be forced into the first obvious
      morphology change, as seen by phase contrast microscopy. (4) Once stoichiometries
      are established, the total binding capacity of erythrocytes for such compounds,
      in blood, can be estimated. An intruding organic molecule would encounter about 6
      times as many plasma albumin sites as erythrocyte sites, if the plasma albumin
      sites were free. However, because albumin in vivo usually forms a complex with
      one to two fatty acids, the erythrocyte itself is rather likely to act as a
      transport particle for such compounds.

PMID- 1091648
TI  - Decay of ribosomal ribonucleic acid in Escherichia coli cells starved for various
      nutrients.
AB  - Decay of pre-existing ribonucleic acid was studied in Escherichia coli cells
      subjected to high temperature or to starvation for nitrogen, phosphate, amino
      acids, or a carbon source. In these studies a series of mutants affected in
      ribonucleic I(RNase I, EC 3.1.4.22) polynucleotide phosphorylase (EC 2.7.7.8) or
      ribonuclease II (RNase II, EC 3.1.4.23) were used. Degradation of total RNA and
      the disappearance of 23 S and 16 S rRNA were followed. The results obtained
      indicated that, by and large, decay of 23 S and 16 S RNA parallels that of total
      RNA. Decay of RNA depended on the nuclease content of the cells as well as on the
      treatment of applied. It was most pronounced during carbon starvation and least
      in cells deprived of phosphate ions. It was most effective in strains containing
      all three nucleases and least in the strain defective in all three. The
      exonucleases polynucleotide phosphorylase and RNase II did not seem to affect the
      extent of 23 S and 16 S RNA disappearance. Strains with modified exonucleases did
      accumulate low molecular weight RNA species during treatments which induced
      considerable degradation of 23 S and 16 S RNA. Based on the above date and
      previous observations, we suggest that during various starvations a similar
      mechanism is operative. The 23 S and 16 S RNAs are degraded endonucleolytically,
      and this is the rate-limiting step during starvation. The exonucleases 
      polynucleotide phosphorylase and RNase II seem to participate primarily in the
      decay of the low molecular weight RNA species formed by the endonuclease(s), not
      as yet identified.

PMID- 1091649
TI  - The nomenclature of peptide hormones. IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical
      Nomenclature Recommendations (1974).

PMID- 1091650
TI  - Primary structure of the L chain from a rabbit homogeneous antibody to
      streptococcal carbohydrate. II. Sequence determination of peptides from tryptic
      and peptic digests.
AB  - A complete amino acid sequence containing 210 residues of a rabbit light chain of
      a homogeneous Group C streptococcal antibody has been determined as: See journal
      for formula. This light chain is allotype b4 and is of the V-K1 subgroup.

PMID- 1091651
TI  - Kinetic and equilibrium studies on the activation of Escherichia coli K12
      tryptophanase by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and monovalent cations.
AB  - An improved purification of Escherichia coli K12 tryptophanase is presented. It
      is shown that the apoenzyme crystals, oxidized by exposure to air, can be
      reactivated by treatment with a reducing agent. The titration of sulfhydryl
      groups shows that four --SH groups are exposed and two are masked per protomer.
      The influence of two effectors, monovalent cations and the coenzyme pyridoxal 5'
      phosphate, on the reactivity of --SH groups and the enzymatic activity was
      investigated. The --SH groups react more slowly in holo- than in apoenzyme in the
      presence of potassium ions. If these ions are replaced by sodium ions, the
      reactivity becomes the same. Potassium and ammonium ions, both activators, give
      sigmoidal activation curves. The sodium ion is a Michaelian inhibitor of
      potassium activation. The binding of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate was examined by
      kinetics and at equilibrium. The kinetics are shown to be very slow; the rate
      constants of the forward and reverse reactions have been measured. The binding
      equilibrium, examined with 3H-labeled pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, gives one site per
      protomer with a K-D value of (3.2 plus or minus 0.8) times 10-7 M. The K-m for
      pyridoxal-P was determined by activity measurements. The binding equilibrium is
      attained after several hours, giving a value of 4.2 times 10-7 M, being nearly
      identical with the dissociation constant and 5 times smaller than previously
      reported.

PMID- 1091652
TI  - Basement membrane collagen of renal glomerulus.
AB  - Collagen has been prepared from steer glomerular basement membrane by controlled
      pepsin solubilization. Four collagen polypeptides of potential alpha chain size
      have been isolated following denaturation and reduction with mercaptoethanol.
      Purification was obtained through sequential chromatography by gel filtration on
      agarose and by ion exchange on carboxymethyl- and diethylaminoethylcellulose and
      confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Fractions
      A and B resemble interstitial alpha chains in apparent molecular weight by gel
      filtration (93,000). Fractions C and D were released from a single high molecular
      weight fraction (II) by reduction with mercaptoethanol and had a larger apparent
      molecular weight by gel filtration (140,000). Amino acid composition of all
      fractions demonstrated that they are closely interrelated by generally
      distinctive from interstitial collagens. Cysteine was present in all fractions
      except Fraction A. Prior to reduction, all mercaptan groups were inaccessible to
      iodoacetate and p-chloromercuribenzoate but became completely titrable after
      treatment with mercaptoethanol. The starting material and all fractions contained
      large amounts of hexose. Glucose and galactose predominated; but mannose,
      glucosamine, and galactosamine were also present in substantial amounts. Small
      amounts of fucose and sialic acids were found in starting material only.

PMID- 1091653
TI  - Compression-plate fixation in acute diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna.
AB  - At the Campbell Clinic and City of Memphis Hospital from 1960 to 1970, 244
      patients (216 with closed and twenty-eight with open fractures) had 330 acute
      diaphyseal fractures of the radius and ulna which were treated with ASIF
      compression plates and followed for from four months to nine years. One hundred
      and twelve patients had fractures of both bones of the forearm; fifty, single
      fractures of the ulna; and eighty-two, single fractures of the radius. In all,
      193 fractures of the radius and 137 fractures of the ulna were treated by
      compression plating. Sixty-three patients (25.9 per cent) with severely
      comminuted fractures also had iliac-bone grafts. The over-all rate of union for
      the radius was 97.9 per cent and for the ulna, 96.3 per cent. ASIF compression
      plates, therefore, provided a successful method for obtaining union and restoring
      optimum function after acute diaphyseal fractures of the forearm.

PMID- 1091655
TI  - William Alexander Rogers, M. D. March 30, 1892 to April 4, 1975.

PMID- 1091654
TI  - Surgical treatment of the symptomatic unstable cervical spine in rheumatoid
      arthritis.
AB  - In rheumatoid arthritis spontaneous subluxation of cervical vertebrae is not
      infrequent and can usually be managed by conservative treatment. Surgical
      treatment, however, is necessary when there is neural involvement. Of twelve
      patients who had spine fusion for atlanto-axial subluxation only six had solid
      union. When conservative treatment fails, reduction by halo traction and
      arthrodesis of the cervical spine is the method recommended, but the best method
      of post-operative care remains uncertain. In these patients postoperative
      immobilization was provided by various methods, including a halo cast or brace,
      but no method appeared to be superior.

PMID- 1091656
TI  - Genetic expression of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in the mouse.
AB  - Monooxygenases require NADPH and molecular oxygen during the metabolism of
      numerous endogenous hydrophobic substrates and carcinogenic and toxic exogenous
      chemicals. The complexity of these membrane-bound multicomponent drug
      metabolizing enzyme systems is reviewed. What "aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene)
      hydroxylase activity" actually represents is reviewed and discussed. At least two
      forms of the hydroxylase activity exist and we suggest that they are associated
      with different molecular species of membrane-bound CO-binding hemoprotein (i.e.,
      they are associated with different enzyme active-sties). At least two, and
      probably more than two, nonlinked loci are responsible for the genetic expression
      of new cytochrome P1450 formation and aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction--and
      the stimulation of 10 other monooxygenase "activities"--in the mouse treated with
      certain aromatic hydrocarbons. The individual variability of hydroxylase activity
      in an inbred and in a random-bred strain of micr is illustrated. The basal
      hydroxylase activity appears to be inherited differently from the aromatic
      hydrocarbon-inducible hydroxylase activity. The potent inducer 2,3,7,8
      tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin can stimulate increases in these hepatic
      monooxygenase activities and p1450 formation in so-called "nonresponsive" mice,
      whereas inducers such as beta-naphthoflavone and 3-methylcholanthrene cannot.
      Thus, the genetically "nonresponsive" micr apparently possess the structural and
      regulatory genes necessary for expression of these inducible monooxygenase
      activities and associated new formation of cytochrome P1450. We suggest that a
      mutation has occurred in the "nonresponsive" inbred strains that results in
      production of an inducer-binding receptor having a diminished affinity for
      aromatic hydrocarbons.

PMID- 1091657
TI  - Human T-cell heterogeneity as delineated with a specific human thymus lymphocyte
      antiserum. In vitro effects on mitogen response mixed leukocyte culture, cell
      mediated lymphocytotoxicity, and lymphokine production.
AB  - Human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were evaluated by their responses to
      phytohemmagglutinin (PHA-P), concanavallin A (con-A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM),
      both before and after treatment with an antiserum against human thymic lymphocyte
      antigens (HTLA) that had been made T-cell-specific by multiple absorptions with
      immunoglobulin EAC-positive lymphoblast cell lines (B cells). Cells treated with
      HTLA were examined for their ability to react in a mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)
      and to form killer cells in a cell-mediated lymphocytotoxicity (CML) system.
      Sensitized cells were also examined for their ability to respond to purified
      protein derivative (PPD) by blastogenesis, migration inhibitory factor release
      (MIP), and lymphotoxin (LT) production, both before and after treatment with HTLA
      and complement. The HTLA was in itself highly stimulatory to PBL. However, with
      the addition of complement and subsequent cell destruction, a marked decrease in
      its stimulatory response was noted. PBL treated with HTLA and complement
      exhibited marked inhibition of responsiveness to con-A with little decrease in
      PHA-P -OR PWM stimulation except at very high concentration of HTLA. MLC reaction
      was inhibited only when responder cells were treated with HTLA + C'. Treatment of
      stimulator cells with HTLA + C' did not significantly alter the MLC response. The
      HTLA + C'-treated cells failed to form killer cells in the CML reaction and
      inhibited PPD-induced blasto-genesis from PPD-sensitized individuals; however,
      treatment of sensitized cells with HTLA + C' had little effects on the release of
      MIF and LT. It is suggested that subpopulations of T-cells carry surface antigens
      that bind with this specific antisera, and that the con-A-responsive cells, the
      responder cells in the MLC, and killer T-cells comprise a separate subset from
      cells responding to PHA-P or PWM, OR THE MIF-and LT-producing cells.

PMID- 1091658
TI  - Peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes during acute rheumatic fever.
AB  - Proportions and total numbers of thymus-derived (T) and bone marrow-derived (B)
      peripheral blood lymphocytes were studied in 53 patients with acute rheumatic
      fever, diagnosed on the basis of modifified Jones criteria. An elevation in both
      proportions and absolute numbers of cells bearing surface Ig was found in most
      patients, particularly during the first 7 days after onset. Conversely, T-cell
      proportions and numbers were often found to be depressed early in the acue phases
      of rheumatic fever. Proportions of cells bearing surface Ig did not correlate
      with another B-cell marker, the aggregated gamma globulin receptor, suggesting
      that such cells bearing surface Ig were not all B lymphocytes. Incuvation for 20
      h at 37 per cent C of cells showing high proportions of surface Ig-bearing
      surface Ig in both normal and rheumatic fever subjects, although there was no
      appreciable increment in proportions of lymphocytes expressing T-cell markers.
      Patients with initial attacks showed higher percentages and total numbers of Ig
      bearing lymphocytes (P smaller than 0.01) than did those with rneumatic fever
      recurrences. Elevations in numbers and proportions of peripheral blood
      lymphocytes bearing Ig appeared to correlate with the relative acute nature of
      the rheumatic fever attack.

PMID- 1091659
TI  - Excess intravascular coagulation complicating low cardiac output.
AB  - In 42 children with congenital heart disease coagulation factor levels were
      studied serially during the first 20 hours following cardiopulmonary bypass
      surgery. The acyanotic patients, and also cyanotic patients who survived the
      operation, showed a progressive improvement in their coagulation profile from
      initial low postoperative levels. In 12 cyanotic patients who died within 72
      hours, however, the coagulation factor levels either remained low, or fell
      further, until death. Fresh frozen plasma was administered to eight of these
      patients without apparent benefit. The abnormal coagulation profile correlated
      significantly with low skin temperature and increased blood loss and was
      considered to represent excess intravascular coagulation secondary to low cardiac
      output and poor tissue perfusion.

PMID- 1091660
TI  - The morphological identification of pathogenic yeasts using carbohydrate media.
AB  - Eight isolates of C. albicans were used to determine the frequency with which
      germ tube formation occurred: on rice extract -Tween 80 agar, on its components,
      and on 1% bactopeptone agar after three hr at 37 degrees C; in 0.5% aqueous
      solution of various carbohydrates; in various concentrations of glucose; on 0.5
      and 0.1% glucose agar and on various types of agar alone. Subsequently 250
      isolates of yeast of the genera Candida, Torulopsis, Trichosporon, Cryptococcus,
      and Saccharomyces, which were obtained from a clinical laboratory, were spread on
      rice extract -Tween 80 agar and on 0.1% glucose agar and covered with coverslips.
      Direct microscopic examination after incubation for three hours at 37 degrees C
      demonstrated germ tube formation by all 140 isolates of C. albicans, but by none
      of the other yeasts. The characteristic features of the pseudomycelia of isolates
      of Candida and Trichosporon were evident on reexamination after a further 45 to
      69 hours at room temperature (22 degrees C). These morphological observations
      suggested the identity of the isolates of Torulopsis, Cryptococcus, and
      Saccharomyces but identified virtually all (98.2%) of those of the genera which
      formed pseudomycelia. Of the latter group only four isolates required
      fermentation and assimilation tests to determine whether they were C.
      parapsilosis (1) or C. guilliermondii (3).

PMID- 1091661
TI  - Comparison of different media for bacteriocine typing of Proteus mirabilis.
AB  - The effect of a variety of nutrient bases on the production of bacteriocines by
      10 standard Cradock-Watson types of Proteus mirabilis has been investigated.
      Differences in yield of greater than 10,000 fold were observed. Maximum yields
      were obtained with proteose peptone no. 3 (Difco) and a medium containing this
      with oxgall (Difco) as an antiswarming agent was developed for routine typing.

PMID- 1091662
TI  - Titres and cross reactions of commercial antisera for the capsular typing of
      Klebsiella species.
AB  - Ninety commercially supplied sera for the capsular typing of Klebsiella species
      were tested in a full chequerboard against 72 type strains. Only four of 144
      homologous reactions could not be detected. Of the 6336 possible heterologous
      reactions, 91 actual cross reactions were found. All positive reactions were
      titrated and working dilutions deduced. This provides essential information for
      the successful typing of unknown strains with these sera.

PMID- 1091663
TI  - The relationship and significance of antibody titres as determined by various
      serological methods in glandular and ocular toxoplasmosis.
AB  - Three types of antibody curve have been demonstrated by testing sera during the
      course of acquired toxoplasmosis by six different techniques. These three types
      are due to cell-wall antibody, (demonstrated by four of the techniques), to
      antibody to soluble antigen, and to IgM antibody to the cell wall. These findings
      have been supported by absorption experiments. A scheme is presented for testing
      single sera by two or three different tests to indicate the stage and duration of
      the infection.

PMID- 1091664
TI  - Analgesic effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol.
AB  - A preliminary trial of oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) demonstrated an
      analgesic effect of the drug in patients experiencing cancer pain. Placebo and 5,
      10, 15, and 20 mg THC were administered double blind to ten patients. Pain relief
      significantly superior to placebo was demonstrated at high dose levels (15 and 20
      mg). At these levels, substantial sedation and mental clouding were reported.

PMID- 1091665
TI  - Plasma levels and clinical effects of thioridazine and thiothixene.
AB  - The effects of thioridazine and thiothixene were studied by a double-blind
      technique on 40 schizophrenic patients. The doses were adjusted for optimal
      clinical and therapeutic effects and side effects were rated after three and
      eight weeks of treatment. No statistically significant differences were observed
      between the two drugs or between either of the two drugs and the previous
      medication. Plasma levels were estimated by a fluorometric technique after three
      and eight weeks of treatment. No correlation was found between plasma levels and
      clinical effects for either thioridazine or thiothixene. Plasma levels of both
      drugs were clearly correlated to dosage after three weeks of treatment. After
      eight weeks this correlation persisted for thioridazine but not for thiothixene.
      By that time plasma levels of thiothixene had decreased to about 30 per cent of
      the initial value, indicating strong enzyme induction.

PMID- 1091666
TI  - Treatment of acute schizophrenia with a new butyrophenone-lenperone.

PMID- 1091667
TI  - Relations between auditory nerve endings and cell types in the cat's
      anteroventral cochlear nucleus seen with the Golgi method and Nomarski optics.
AB  - Rapid Golgi impregnations of the ascending branches of the auditory nerve fibers
      and of the types of neurons in the anteroventral cochlear nucleus (AVCN) were
      studied. Entire ascending branches could be observed, some of these branches
      project to each subdivision, others do not. There are two main typesof large
      neurons: the bushy and stellate cells. Criteria were established for identifying
      unimpregnated bushy and stellate perikarya by means of Nomarski optics, and these
      criteria were checked by Momarski observations on neurons which had either
      impregnated dendrites and unimpregnated cell bodies or impregnated portions of
      perikarya. In this way, the relations of unimpregnated cell bodies to auditory
      nerve endings were observed. Furthermore, with Nomarski optics, the
      cytoarchitectonic subdivisions of AVCN could be determined. Differences in the
      end-bulbs and collateral endings formed by the auditory nerve fibers were
      distinguished in three of the cytoarchitectonic subdivisions of the AVCN. End
      bulbs in the anterior division were much larger than those in the dorsal and
      ventral parts of the posterior division. The large end-bulbs of Held in the
      anterior division of the AVCN were consistently associated with the perikarya of
      bushy cells and not with those of stellate cells. The large end-bulbs are not
      observed in the posterior division. Thus, bushy cells in the posterior division,
      although morphologically similar to those in the anterior division, must have a
      different synaptic organization. This difference may correspond to
      electrophysiological distinctions in the time-patterns of response recorded in
      these regions following acoustic stimulation.

PMID- 1091668
TI  - Prefrontal control of conditioned suppression and associated cardiovascular
      variables in the monkey (Macaca mulatta).
AB  - Rhesus monkeys were trained in a discriminated conditioned emotional responses
      paradigm. The discriminated conditioned response (CR) complex consisted of bar
      press suppression, increased terminal aortic blood flow, and increased arterial
      pressure. Bar-press suppression and blood flow responses were temporarily
      eliminated by single-stage bilateral prefrontal lobectomy but not by extensive
      posterior cortical ablation, 2-stage prefrontal lobe removal, or 3-stage
      prefrontal cortical surface ablation. The blood pressure CR was attenuated by
      almost every surgical operation. The changes in heart rate paralleled changes in
      general activity. These data indicate that the prefrontal lobes influence the
      conditioned suppression of ongoing rewarded behavior and the vascular responses
      accompanying the suppression. The time course for recovery of the somatic CR
      after lobectomy differed from those of the cardiovascular CRs.

PMID- 1091669
TI  - Separation of the glycopeptides released by the action of rennin on whole milk.
AB  - A comparison has been made of a number of different elution conditions for the
      separation by ion-exchange chromatography of the glycopeptides released by the
      action of rennin on whole milk. It was found that the most satisfactory
      separation was achieved using an NaCl gradient (0.10-0.18 M) in 0.049 M
      KH2PO4+0.001 M-Na2HPO4 at a constant pH of 5.1.

PMID- 1091670
TI  - Reviews of the progress of Dairy Science. Water-soluble vitamins in milk and milk
      products.

PMID- 1091671
TI  - An adhesive for sealing composite resins.

PMID- 1091672
TI  - Space management in the mixed dentition.

PMID- 1091673
TI  - Methods of evaluating pit and fissure sealants.

PMID- 1091674
TI  - The loss of 3H-formaldehyde from zinc oxide-eugenol cement-an in vivtro study.

PMID- 1091675
TI  - Treatment of anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: report of  case.

PMID- 1091676
TI  - Use of an acid etch resin in hereditary enamel hypoplasia: report of case.

PMID- 1091677
TI  - Root resorption of primary molars: a radiographic study.

PMID- 1091678
TI  - Editorial: Quality makes sense.

PMID- 1091679
TI  - Letter: Sucrose and glucose in dry breakfast cereals.

PMID- 1091680
TI  - Geographic stomatitis: a critical review.

PMID- 1091681
TI  - Computer-aided instruction in dental education: application to an introductory
      statistics course.

PMID- 1091682
TI  - Dental education in Japan.

PMID- 1091683
TI  - Regent Charles A. Calder.

PMID- 1091684
TI  - Regent William C. Draffin.

PMID- 1091685
TI  - Histologic studies of human skin test responses to ragweed and compound 48/80.
      II. Effects of corticosteroid therapy.
AB  - In a controlled study, a 1-week course of a moderate dosage of corticosteroids
      given to ragweed-sensitive subjects was associated with a statistically
      significant decrease in blood eosinophi, levels and tissue esosinophil, but not
      mast cell, responses to ragweed antibody levels or gross whealing responses to
      antigen or compound 48/80. While these findings suggest indirectly that a major
      component of the corticosteroid effect is likely an alteration of the
      mobilization of eosinophils to the inflammatory site, additional studies will be
      required to more directly characterize the mechanisms involved.

PMID- 1091686
TI  - Effects of diphenylhydantoin on mental abilities in the elderly.
AB  - An assessment was made of the effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) on the mental
      functions of clinically normal elderly persons. Their basic intelligence levels
      ranged between normal and bright-normal and they represented middle and lower
      upper socio-economic group. The 10 subjects, 4 male and 6 female volunteers
      (average age, 69.3 years), were given pretrial intelligence tests, repeated twice
      during a double-blind, cross-over study of drug and placebo effects. Each cross
      over period lasted three weeks. The dosage of DPH (Dilantin) was 100 mg twice
      daily, and placebo capsuales of identical appearance were given on the same
      schedule. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale series in three alternate forms was
      used to measure specific mental functions. The weighted scores of the altervate
      forms were directly compared to measure the difference between drug and placebo
      conditions. Significant increases in favor of DPH were observed in the
      Information, Comprehension, and Digit Symbol subtests, and in the Verbal Scale
      and Full Scale Intelligence Quotients. The first two measures indicated
      significant improvement in long-term memory and social comprehension. The third
      reflected an increase in the ability to learn new material and increased speed in
      visual-motor coordination. The fourth and fifth showed the effectiveness of DPH
      in improving general mental functioning. Apparently the underlying factor
      synthesizing these general DPH-associated improvements is mental concentration.

PMID- 1091687
TI  - Infant formulas.

PMID- 1091689
TI  - Requirements for certification: Advisory Board for Osteopathic Specialists and
      Boards of Certification.

PMID- 1091688
TI  - O-t-c drugs and the pediatric patient.

PMID- 1091691
TI  - Current publications in gerontology and geriatrics.

PMID- 1091690
TI  - Podiatric implications of the developing nervous system of the newborn and
      infant.

PMID- 1091692
TI  - Specificity of brain-reactive antibodies in serum of old mice.
AB  - Previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that brain-reactive antibodies
      are present in the serum of old mice and these are separated from the brain
      antigen by the blood-brain barrier. In this paper the specificity of these
      antibodies to neuronal antigen has been studied using sera from old mice with or
      without absorption by the homogenates of different organs and also by direct
      treatment with sections of those organs. The results indicate that these brain
      reactive antibodies found in sera of old mice are specific to neuronal antigen in
      the central nervous system.

PMID- 1091693
TI  - Normal function of transplanted marrow cell lines from aged mice.
AB  - Transplantation experiments indicated that losses with age in erythrocyte
      production were not intrinsically timed within marrow cell lines. In most cases
      marrow cell lines from old donors functioned as well as those from young donors
      after transplantation into either W/W-v anemic or lethally irradiated normal
      recipients. After normal marrow cells had been serially transplanted into
      successive W/W-v mice 5 times, both old and young cell lines began to fail; the
      old cell lines had produced erythrocytes normally for 77 to 84 mo. Transplanted
      old and young control marrow cell lines, identified by T6 chromosomes, saved the
      lives of lethally irradiated recipients; the oldest cell lines functioned
      normally for 54 mo. The hypothesis is suggested that senescence of an organism is
      caused by intrinsically timed functional declines in only a few vital cell types.
      In transplantation experiments to identify these cell types, four criteria-
      function, identification, control, and health--should be met. The marrow
      transplantation experiments led to and illustrate the hypothesis and the four
      criteria.

PMID- 1091695
TI  - Current publications in gerontology and geriatrics.

PMID- 1091694
TI  - Defective erythropoietic responses of aged mice not improved by young marrow.
AB  - Defective responses to severe bleeding in 25-mo.-old C57BL/6J mice were not
      improved by injections of 8-mo.-old marrow cells. Such injections greatly
      improved responses of genetically anemic W/W-v mice that have defective
      erythropoietic stem cells. Apparently the defective responses of old mice were
      not intrinsic to their erythropoietic stem cells.

PMID- 1091696
TI  - Diarrhoea in general practice: a sixteen-year report of investigations in a
      microbiology laboratory, with epidemiological assessment.
AB  - Results are presented of the laboratory examination of faeces specimens from 
      20,273 patients with acute diarrhoea. These were household index cases seen in
      general practice in a London borough during the years 1953-68. An annual average
      of about 2 per cent of households in the area were affected, but there was
      considerable fluctuation with year and season. Half the patients were children
      although only one-fifth of the population at risk was under 15 years of age. The
      greatest incidence of diarrhoea was among children under 5 years old. Male
      children, but female adults predominated. Specimens were sent for laboratory
      diagnosis at the discretion of the general practitioner. The laboratory found
      some abnormality in nearly a third and there were indications that transmissible
      infection was involved in about one-fifth of patients. The most common diagnosis
      was Sonne dysentery (9 per cent) which came in epidemic waves and made its
      greatest impact among young school children. Microscopy was useful, and
      giardiasis was diagnosed in 1-4 per cent of index patients. Other parasites were
      less commonly found. Fatty globules characteristic of an infectious condition we
      have called 'fatty diarrhoea' were frequently observed by microscopy in stools
      from young children and occasionally from older persons. Blood or pus cells were
      seen in less than half the shigella and salmonella infections and in a much
      smaller proportion of the remainder. A test for occult blood performed on
      specimens from all patients of 40 years or older was positive, in the absence of
      visible red cells, in a tenth of these cases. Other studies on the bacteriology
      of diarrhoea in general practice are referred to and some epidemiological
      comparisons made. The possible place of unidentified infective agents in the
      aetiology of undiagnosed diarrhoeas and of 'fatty diarrhoea' is discussed.

PMID- 1091697
TI  - Incubation at raised temperature or enrichment media, combined with secondary
      enrichment in Rappaport's medium, for the isolation of salmonellas from sewage.
AB  - Two FMDV strains which had been previously differentiated by complement-fixation
      were compared by guinea-pig protection test, kinetic neutralization and micro
      neutralization tests. It was found that these tests, which have not been
      previously applied by the methods described, were all capable of FMDV STRAIN
      DIFFERENTIATION. Similar differences were found by all methods, which suggests
      that comparisons made by cross-CF, cross-neutr-alization or cross-protection
      involve measurement of the same antigen/antibody interactions.

PMID- 1091698
TI  - The problem and implications of chloramphenicol resistance in the typhoid
      bacillus.
AB  - Transferable chloramphenicol resistance has become common in the typhoid bacillus
      in countries such as Mexico, India, Vietnam and Thailand. Situations such as
      this, and others analogous to it in many parts of the world, are the result of
      the long-term indiscriminate use of chloramphenicol and other antibiotics in the
      affected areas. They can be rectified only by more rational antibiotic usage.

PMID- 1091700
TI  - Canine radiation chimeras: an attempt to demonstrate serum blocking factors by an
      in vivo approach.
AB  - An attempt was made to demonstrate in vivo the presence of blocking factors in
      the serum of canine chimeras with grafts of chimeric skin onto the marrow donor
      as an indicator system. Even very large amounts of chimeric serum (one-fourth of
      the plasma volume infused daily from day 2 before skin grafting until rejection)
      failed to modify first and third set skin graft rejection patterns. Thus, serum
      blocking factors could not be demonstrated by this in vivo approach.

PMID- 1091699
TI  - Canine marrow transplantation: are serum blocking factors necessary to maintain
      the stable chimeric state?
AB  - Nine long-term canine radiation chimeras and their canine histocompatibility
      locus (DL-A) compatible, mixed leukocyte culture negative littermate marrow
      donors were studied between 545 and 1282 days after 1,200 R total body
      irradiation and marrow grafting. Before the time of testing, marrow donors were
      immunized against their chimeras by repeated skin grafts which they rejected.
      Skin fibroblasts from chimeras and their donors were tested for cell inhibition
      (CI) in the microcytotoxicity assay be exposure to lymphocytes from chimeras,
      donors and normal dogs and the effects of various sera on CI were evaluated.
      Lymphocytes from sensitized marrow donors consistently inhibited fibroblasts from
      the chimeras (eight of nine dogs); CI was abrogated by chimeric serum in only
      three of eight cases. Only two chimeras showed consistent CI of their "own"
      fibroblasts; CI was blocked by chimeric serum in one of the two. The remaining
      seven chimeras did not show consistent CI. Sequential studies in 16 additional
      recipients of DL-A compatible littermate marrow were carried out from 45 to 439
      days after marrow grafting. Seven of the 16 did not show CI of chimeric
      fibroblasts by chimeric lymphocytes at any time. Nine showed CI on one or several
      occasions. Serum blocking factors were seen on one occasion in each of two
      chimeras. In conclusion, the CI assay is able to detect immunity against "minor"
      histocompatibility systems in dogs. Both long- and short-term chimeras
      occasionally demonstrated CI of chimeric fibroblasts but serum blocking factors
      did not appear to be necessary for maintaining stable graft-host "tolerance."

PMID- 1091701
TI  - The production of anti-guinea pig lymphokine antibody.
AB  - Rabbit antiserum to lymphokine-containing supernatant fluids has been prepared by
      means of a two-stage immunization procedure. Migration inhibiting factor (MIF)
      containing and control supernatants were obtained from guinea pig lymphocyte
      cultures. Both were fractionated on Sephadex G-100. Fractions of control
      supernatants corresponding to active fractions from the MIF-rich material were
      used to immunize rabbits. The anti-"control" antibody so obtained was conjugated
      to agarose beads to prepare an immunoadsorbent column. The MIF-rich Sephadex
      fractions were passed through this column to remove materials corresponding to
      those found in control supernatants and which could react with the anti-control
      antibody. The eluted MIF-rich fraction was concentrated and used to immunize a
      second group of rabbits. The anti-"lymphokine" antiserum so obtained was studied
      for its effect in vitro and in vivo. It was found capable of suppressing the
      activity of MIF, macrophage chemotactic factor, and skin reactive factor. It
      could also suppress delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions in actively immunized
      guinea pigs.

PMID- 1091702
TI  - Differential regulatory effects of accessory cells on the generation of cell
      mediated immune reactions.
AB  - Conditions for the in vitro generation of cell-mediated immunity to H-2 and non-H
      2 alloantigens by mouse spleen cells were compared to conditions for generation
      of in vitro humoral immunity to sheep red cells. Normal spleen cells grown in
      standard or allogeneic cell-conditioned media developed strong cellular responses
      to H-2 antigens but little or no response to non-H-2 antigens. Subpopulations of
      spleen cells from which the adherent cells had been removed generated strong
      cellular responses to both H-2 and non-H-2 antigens, provided the cells were
      cultured in conditioned media. Both cellular responses were shown to be mediated
      by T cells. Accessory cells from the peritoneum and/or spleen differentially
      inhibited the non H-2 cellular responses at doses which did not inhibit humoral
      responses.

PMID- 1091703
TI  - Immune mechanisms in leukemia: evaluation of immunocompetent cell populations.
AB  - Dose-response curves of the cellular immune response of C58/wm mice to syngeneic
      line Ib malignant lymphoid cells (Ib cells) were computer analyzed by the PROBT
      subroutine in the IBM Scientific Subroutine Package. An analysis of the relative
      immunogenicity of various admixtures of x-irradiated (XIb) and viable Ib cells
      (VIb) after i.p. injection showed that the ratio had to be approximately 100:1 to
      be immunogenic. Viable Ib cells contained in immunogenic mixtures multiplied in
      vivo at a logarithmic rate up to 5 or 6 days but were eliminated immunologically
      by 8 or 9 days. Adoptive cell transfer techniques were used to quantify the
      protective effect of immune spleen cells (ISC). Essentially a constant dose of
      ISC (10-6.4) protected mice against a challenge dose of 10-2 to 10-5 VIb cells;
      more than 10-5 VIb cells were lethal. Two techniques were used to quantify
      immunity even though mice ultimately died of transplanted leukemia, viz., mean
      survival time (MST) with a fixed challenge dose of VI b cells, or MST with a
      fixed time for death. The sensitivity and statistical limitations of these assays
      are presented.  To amplify the sensitivity of assays for adoptive cellular
      immunity a technique of antigenic stimulation was used, viz., 1 day after x
      irradiated mice (600 R) received an i.p. injection of normal or immune spleen,
      bone marrow or thymic cells they received an i.p. injection of XIb cells
      containing an admixture of VIb cells. The technique amplified the sensitivity of
      ISC transfer tests approximately 100-fold and made it possible to detect
      protective effects of bone marrow and thymic cell populations.

PMID- 1091704
TI  - Chemotaxis of basophils by lymphocyte-dependent and lymphocyte-independent
      mechanisms.
AB  - Guine pigs basophils obtained from blood or bone marrow have been studied for
      their chemotactic responsiveness. Chemotactic factors for basophils include a
      substance (lymphokine) present in culture fluids from antigen-stimulated
      lymphocytes, a material generated in zymosan-activated guinea pig serum, a C5
      cleavage factor, and a bacterial factor. When compared with homologous
      neutrophils and monocytes, basophils respond most rapidly to a chemotactic
      stimulus. The lymphokine basophil chemotactic factor is physicochemically similar
      to the previously described monocyte chemotactic factor but appears to be
      distinct from it as well as MIF and neutrophil chemotactic factor present in the
      same fluids, Part of the evidence for this is the ability to detect basophil
      chemotactic factor in the absence of other lymphokine activities under
      appropriate experimental conditions. More evidence, specifically relating to the
      monocyte factor, is that monocytes can adsorb basophil chemotactic activity but
      not vice versa. This latter observation may have implications for the mechanism
      whereby the accumulation of basophils is controlled and limited in vivo. In
      addition, it was noted that specific antigen could also suppress basophil
      chemotaxis. Although the mechanism of this phenomenon is unclear, it could serve
      as a second means by which basophil accumulation may be controlled in the intact
      animal. Taken together, these observations provide further definition of the
      chemotactic behavior of basophils in general, and underscore some of the ways in
      which lymphocytes can influence basophils through lymphokine-dependent
      mechanisms.

PMID- 1091705
TI  - Effects of an acidic polysaccharide procuced by Serratia piscatorum on immune
      responses in mice. I. mitogenicity and stimulation of plaque-forming cells (PFC)
      in vitro.
AB  - An acidic polysaccharide of Serratia piscatorum, consisting of L-rhamnose, D
      galactose and D-galacturonic acid, stimulated the primary IgM PFC response of
      spleen cell cultures against sheep erythrocytes. The polysaccharide (PS) caused
      dose-dependent stimulation of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA of spleen cell
      cultures and the maximum response was seen after about 48 hr. Nonadherent B
      (ATXBM) cells were strongly reactive to PS, whereas adherent spleen cells were
      less reactive. Higher doses of PS suppressed the peak PFC response, but enhanced
      the earlier PFC responses. Lower doses of PS stimulated the PFC responses
      significantly throughout the period of PFC production. The optimal dose (0.1
      mug/ml) of PS increased the PFC responses in mixed cell cultures containing
      spleen cells and either B cells, T cells activated with a different antigen, or
      hydrocortisone-resistant thymus cells of syngeneic origin. However, this dose of
      PS interfered with the enhanced PFC response of spleen cells due to addition of
      antigen-primed T cells. Since these characteristic activities of PS were like
      those of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), this acidic polysaccharide may be useful for
      further elucidating the modes of LPS action.

PMID- 1091706
TI  - DNP-Lys-ficoll: a T-independent antigen which elicits both IgM and IgG anti-DNP
      antibody-secreting cells.
AB  - The 2,4-dinitrophenyl-lysyl derivative of Ficoll (DNP-Lys-Ficoll) was prepared
      and examined for immunogenicity. This antigen elicited large numbers of DNP
      specific plaque-forming cells (PFC) of the IgM and IgG2 class in the spleens of
      C57BL/6 mice. Similar responses were observed in congenitally athymic (nu/nu)
      mice and in their littermates indicating that DNP-Lys-Ficoll is a T-independent
      antigen. The responses of nu/nu mice included a large number of IgG2 DNP-specific
      PFC, indicating that IgG responses can be initiated in the absence of mature
      thymus-dependent (T) lymphocytes. Cell transfer studies confirmed the T
      independence of the response and indicated that priming with DNP-Lys-Ficoll
      induces only a very meager degree of memory. Because they can be obtained in
      large quantities and in relatively pure form, DNP-Lys-Ficoll and other hapten
      conjugates of Ficoll should prove most valuable in the delineation of the mode of
      activation of precursors of antibody-secreting cells by T-independent antigens.

PMID- 1091707
TI  - Repopulation with IgA-containing cells of bronchial and intestinal lamina propria
      after transfer of homologous Peyer's patch and bronchial lymphocytes.
AB  - Transfer of 50 million rabbit allogeneic lymphocytes from either bronchus
      associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) or Peyer's patches into 1000 R x-irradiated
      recipients results, 6 days later, in predominant repopulation of gut and
      bronchial lamina propria, as well as spleen with IgA-containing cells. After
      repopulation with BALT or Peyer's patch cells, lymphoid follicles in both gut and
      lung showed peripheral cellular membrane type of fluorescence with fluorescein
      conjugated anti-IgA antisera only. Six days after x-irradiation alone, little
      evidence of repopulation was seen and immunofluorescent qualitative observations
      of gut and lung, and quantitative data in the spleen, confirmed these findings.
      After transfer of 50 million lymph node cells, very few immunoglobulin-containing
      cells were seen in the gut or bronchial lamina propria. These results suggest
      that there may be a common mucosal immunologic system, and that repopulation of
      gut and lung lamina propria may be through the organized lymphoid tissue therein.

PMID- 1091709
TI  - A quantitative immunofluorescence method for the determination of IgE antibodies
      in comparison with the radioallergosorbent test (RAST).

PMID- 1091708
TI  - Regulation of the immune response: production of a soluble suppressor by immune
      spleen cells in vitro.
AB  - The addition of ovalbumin-immune spleen cells (Ova ISC) to sheep erythrocytes
      immune spleen cells (SRBC ISC) in Mishell-Dutton-type cultures resulted in a
      dramatic reduction of PFC to SRBC and was dependent upon the addition of soluble
      Ova at low concentrations of Ova ISC. The suppressing cells in the Ova ISC were
      shown to be irradiation sensitive, depleted by anti-theta antiserum and
      complement treatment, and did not absorb to glass bead columns. Ova ISC-induced
      inhibition also occurred in culture chambers across a cell-impermeable membrane
      and a soluble inhibitor was recovered in chambers opposite the Ova ISC. This
      suppressor factor was sensitive to trypsin treatment and to heating at 80 degrees
      C, but not to 70 degrees C, for 30 min. The molecular weight, as determined by
      sucrose gradient analysis, was between 55,000 and 60,000 daltons. This suppressor
      factor appears to be distinct from a T-cell "helper" factor which was found to be
      sensitive to heating at 70 degrees C for 30 min. We propose that this suppressor
      factor participates in the termination of most immunologic responses and is
      responsible for the antigenic competition phenomenon.

PMID- 1091710
TI  - Ultrastructure of synaptic vesicles and neurosecretory droplets in insect ganglia
      after controlled aldehyde fixation.

PMID- 1091711
TI  - [Diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases by the scintillation camera using
      radioisotopes].

PMID- 1091712
TI  - A gift of life: kidney retrieval.

PMID- 1091714
TI  - Absorbable gelatin sponge B.P. (sterispon) and poststapedectomy sensorineural
      hearing loss: a phase contrast microscopic report on the human temporal bone.

PMID- 1091715
TI  - Utilization review: the revised regulations.

PMID- 1091713
TI  - Unilateral renal disease in the rat. I. Clinical, morphologic, and glomerular
      mesangial functional features of the experimental model produced by renal
      perfusion with aminonucleoside.
AB  - Unilateral renal perfusion with the aminonucleoside of puromycin (60 mg. per
      kilogram) was used to produce unilateral renal disease in rats characterized by
      marked proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Urine albumin
      excretion increased from 0.21 plus or minus 0.16 mg. per 24 hours prior to
      perfusion to 126 plus or minus 30 mg. on the fourteenth day after perfusion. If
      the perfused kidney was removed after 10 days, urine albumin excretion
      immediately decreased to normal, whereas marked proteinuria continued after
      contralateral nephrectomy. Immunofluorescent studies revealed abundant protein
      reabsorption droplets (beta1C and albumin) in proximal tubules of aminonucleoside
      perfused kidneys but not in contralateral kidneys thus indicating that the
      increased proteinuria was of unilateral origin. Less marked proteinuria was
      observed following unilateral renal perfusion with lower doses of
      aminonucleoside. Glomerular mesangial function was studied 10 days after renal
      perfusion. Renal specimens were obtained 12 hours after intravenous injection of
      37.5 mg. per 100 Gm. of body weight of aggregated human IgG and evaluated by
      immunofluorescent microscopy. Glomerular mesangial staining for human IgG in
      aminonucleoside-perfused kidneys was markedly increased when compared to
      contralateral kidneys. In contrast, mesangial staining in kidneys perfused with
      saline was equal to that of contralateral kidneys and proteinuria following
      perfusion with saline was not increased. These studies provide further evidence
      that increased proteinuria following administration of aminonucleoside to rats is
      the result of a rapid direct on the kidney and that alterations of glomerular
      mesangial function are related to renal factors rather than changes in systemic
      milieu.

PMID- 1091716
TI  - The CHEC program and how it functions.

PMID- 1091717
TI  - Oxime derivatives of erythromycin: inhibitors of Rous sarcoma virus reverse
      transcriptase activity and focus formation.
AB  - Bovine adenovirus type 3 (BAV-3), strain WBR-1, quantitatively transforms hamster
      embryo carcass cells with a maximum efficiency of 4-7 X 10-4 p.f.u./focus-forming
      units (f.f.u). This frequency is signigicantly inhibited by the presence of 1-8
      mM of Ca++. The transformed cells are highly tumourigenic in hamsters and possess
      T- and tumour-specific transplantation antigens. BAV-3 is one of the most
      oncogenic of the adenoviruses and an ideal model virus for the study of
      transformation.

PMID- 1091718
TI  - Occurrence of polyamines in coliphages T5, phiX174 and in phage-infected
      bacteria.
AB  - The polyamine spermidine and the diamine putrescine have been detected in
      coliphages T5 and phiX174. Polyamines were identified by thin-layer
      chromatography and mass-spectrometry of dansyl derivatives, as well as by ion
      exchange chromatography. In phiX174 phages, polyamines were sufficient to
      neutralize 0.5% of DNA phosphates. The polyamine content of T5 phages depended on
      growth media and purification procedures, but at least 1% of DNA phosphates were
      neutralized by polyamines. After infection, an increase in cellular polyamine was
      noticed. This increase paralleled variations in ornithine decarboxylase activity.

PMID- 1091719
TI  - Advanced impression technique. Aluminum shell/rubber base.

PMID- 1091720
TI  - Early detection of lung cancer in high risk populations.

PMID- 1091721
TI  - Occupational skin cancer: a review.

PMID- 1091722
TI  - Hill of Mercy: Chimborazo Military Hospital, 1861-1865.

PMID- 1091723
TI  - Electrostimulation of the neuropathic bladder.
AB  - Intravesical electrostimulation offers promise in management of neurogenic
      bladder in children with myelocele. In the past 2 yr, we carried out about 500
      treatments in 25 children aged 2 wk to 13 yr. After repeated stimulation, the
      starting intravesical pressure increases considerably in all cases; however, this
      was not always accompanied by clinical improvement. Our early results are
      encouraging, especially after repeated 10-day courses of electrostimulation;
      bladder contractions increase slowly and micturition begins to appear. Seventeen
      of 25 patients showed significant improvement, in two patients no improvement was
      observed. The remaining six have not been treated long enough to evaluate.

PMID- 1091724
TI  - The storage of bone marrow and its relation to periodontal grafting procedures.

PMID- 1091725
TI  - Letter: Bone grafts in the treatment of destructive periodontitis.

PMID- 1091726
TI  - The effects of endotoxemia and bacteremia on gastrointestinal drug absorption in
      mice and rats.
AB  - Endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] from four Gram-negative bacteria injected
      i.v. delayed absorption of drugs administered in solution by gastric tube to mice
      and rats. Salicylate and guinine absorption was delayed at LPS doses from 50 to
      400 mug/kg. Salicylate absorption was delayed by LPS when drug was given by
      gastric tube, while LPS did not affect drug levels when salicylate was given i.p.
      or intraduodenally. Bethanechol prevented the LPS effect and LPS pretreatment
      also protected against delayed absorption. LPS- treated rats retained more drugs
      in their stomachs after 30 minutes and their plasma salicylate levels were
      lowered. Everted intestinal sacs from LPS-treated rats transferred salicylate as
      well as controls. Thus, LPS delays gastrointestinal drug absorption solely by
      retarding gastric emptying. Escherichia coli urinary tract infection did not
      reproduce LPS delay of drug absorption, but the effects of systemic bacteria were
      similar to those of endotoxemia.

PMID- 1091727
TI  - A calcium ionophore stimulating the secretion of catecholamines from the cat
      adrenal.
AB  - 1. Experiments were performed on perfused cat adrenal glands to examine the
      effect of a calcium ionophore A-23187 in the secretion of catecholamines. 2.
      Ionophore (1-10 muM) caused a dose-dependent release of catecholamines and the
      output was about 100-fold greater at 10 mum than at 1 mum. 3. Release of
      catecholamines by the ionophore was dependent on the calcium concentration of the
      perfusion medium. Omission of calcium blocked the response to the ionophore while
      excess calcium facilitated it. 4. Magnesium antagonized the secretory response to
      the ionophore. Excess calcium overcame the inhibitory effect of magnesium. 5. The
      ionophore did not modify release of catecholamines by induced splanchnic nerve
      stimulation. 6. The results suggest that the ionophore, like depolarization,
      introduces calcium into the chromaffin cell to cause release of catecholamines.

PMID- 1091728
TI  - A stereotaxic animal frame with stepping motor-driven micro-manipulator.

PMID- 1091729
TI  - Acute lead neuropathy: tracheo-innominate fistula.

PMID- 1091730
TI  - In memoriam. Alexander (Alister) Burns Wallace.

PMID- 1091731
TI  - Diurnal fluctuations of testosterone and LH in the ram: effect of HCG and
      gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.
AB  - To examine a possible relationship between the release of LH and increasing
      testosterone levels, blood samples were collected at 2-hr intervals for 24 hr
      from six mature rams with indwelling jugular cannulae. Although high levels of LH
      often preceded increases of testosterone, a consistent time relationship between
      these two hormones was not observed, nor was a diurnal rhythm established for
      either hormone. The following day, two rams were each injected intravenously with
      saline, 500 i.u. HCG, or 100 mug synthetic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (Gn
      RH) respectively. Immediately after the injection, blood was collected every 15
      min for approximately 4 hr. After Gn-RH, the plasma LH rose 25- to 50-fold within
      12 min and was elevated for more than 3 hr. A twofold rise of plasma testosterone
      followed this increase of LH and testosterone remained high until the end of the
      experiment. After HCG treatment, the level of testosterone rose threefold within
      30 min and did not decline during the experiment, but there was no effect on the
      LH level. Saline treatment did not influence levels of LH or testosterone. It was
      concluded that daily fluctuations of testosterone and LH may occur independently,
      and no pattern is common to all rams. Treatment with Gn-RH results in a rise in
      both the testosterone and LH levels, but only testosterone is affected by HCG.

PMID- 1091732
TI  - Carbon clearance enhancing factor in serum from levamisole treated mice.

PMID- 1091733
TI  - Formation and maturation of bone marrow lymphocytes.

PMID- 1091734
TI  - Somatostatin analogs. Relative importance of the disulfide bridge and of the Ala
      Gly side chain for biological activity.
AB  - Four analogs of ovine somatostatin (SRIF, PSOMATOTROPIN RELEASE INhibiting
      factor), the sequence of which is H-Ala-Gly-Cys-Lys-Asn-Phe-Phe-trp-Lys-Thr-Phe
      Thr-Ser-Cys-OH, have been synthesized by the solid-phase methodology. The
      compounds were assayed and were found to possess the following somatotropin
      release inhibiting potencies relative to pure synthetic somatostatin in vitro and
      in vivo, respectively: [Ala3,14]somatostatin, 0.6 and 2.0%; [SMe
      Cys3,14]somatostatin, 4 and 0.6%; [NAc-Cys3]somatostatin, 39 and 105%; [des-Ala1
      Gly2]somatostatin, 65 and 71%. The dihydrosomatostatin analogs [NAc-Cys3
      H2]somatostatin and [des-Ala1Gly2-H2]somatostatin after two purifications by gel
      filtration were assessed to be at least 80% homogeneous and had respectively 99
      and 89% of somatostatin potencied in vivo. Structure-activity relationships are
      discussed.

PMID- 1091735
TI  - Cyclopenta[f]isoquinoline derivatives designed to bind specifically to native
      deoxyribonucleic acid. 2. Synthesis of 6-carbamylmethyl-8-methyl-7(5)H
      cyclopenta[f]isoquinolin-3(2H)-one and its interaction with deoxyribonucleic
      acids and poly(deoxyribonucleotides).
AB  - 3-Ethoxy-8-methyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-cyclopenta[f]isoquinolin-5-one (2) was converted
      to 6-carbethoxymethyl-3-ethoxy-8-methyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-cyclopenta[f]isoquinolin-5
      one (6) through an oxalyl derivative. Treatment of 6 with ammonia gave the
      corresponding amide 7 which on sodium borohydride reduction and subsequent
      dehydration yielded 6-carbamylmethyl-3-ethoxy-8-methyl-7(5)H
      cyclopenta[f]isoquinoline (9). The analogous ester 10 was similarly obtained from
      6. Numerous attempts to dealkylate the 3-ethoxy group of 9 or 10 failed. However,
      6 coould easily be dealkylated on heating with 25% hydrochloric acid in a sealed
      tube.The ester, 6-carbethoxymethyl-8-methyl-5,6-dihydro-7H
      cyclopenta[f]isoquinoline-3(2H),5-dione (11), so obtained was converted to the
      corresponding amide 12 which on reduction with sodium borohydride and subsequent
      dehydration afforded the desired compound, 6-car-bamylmethyl-8-methyl-7(5)H
      cyclopental[f]isoquinolin-3-(2H)-one (1). 1 was found to be mildly cytotoxic
      againstL5178Y mouse leukemia cells in culture.1 was also found to bind to native
      calf thymus DNA. 1 inhibited RNA synthesis by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and
      a higher inhibition of RNA synthesis was observed when poly(dG-dC) was used as a
      template than when poly(dA-dT) was used. A significant increase of thermal
      transition temperature of calf thymus DNA and poly(dG)-poly(dC) was observed in
      the presence of 1. The accumulated evidence demonstrates that 1 interacts weakly
      with calf thymus DNA and interacts preferentially with poly(deoxyribonucleotides)
      containing GC pairs.

PMID- 1091736
TI  - Chemistry of cephalosporin antibiotics. 30. 3-methoxy- and 3-halo-3-cephems.
AB  - The exo-methylene group in esters of 7-acylamido- and 7-amino-3-methylenecephams
      was ozonized to give 3-hydroxy-3-cephems. Conditions are described to effect a
      selective N-acylation of a 3-hydroxy-3-cephem nucleus ester. Vilsmeier reagents
      converted 7-acylamido-3-hydroxy compounds to 3-halo-3-cephem derivatives.
      Diazomethane converted the 3-hydroxy compounds to 3-methoxy-3-cephem derivatives.
      Removal of the ester-protecting group at the C4-carboxyl afforded a select group
      of cephalosporins with direct halo and methoxy substitution at C3. A number of
      these compounds are potent antibiotics.

PMID- 1091737
TI  - Pseudosymmetry in the structure of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. Studies
      on a series of novel analogs.
AB  - Pseudosymmetry in the LH-RH structure is described. Eleven analogs of LH-RH
      (SMALLER THAN Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2) have been synthesized
      by the fragment condensation method and the repetitive excess mixed anhydride
      method. Multiple substitutions have been made in the LH-RH sequence, which retain
      the pseudosymmetry of the LH-RH molecule, while presenting fewer problems of
      synthesis than the corresponding residues in the natural decapeptide. Thus Trp3,
      Ser4, Tyr5, Gly6, Leu7, and Arg8 residues were replaced by amino acids having
      similar properties to the residues that they replace. In all but one of the
      peptides the Gly10-NH2 residue was replaced by ethylamide, while in the remaining
      peptide, 1-methyl-5-aminomethyltetrazole (AMT-Me) was substituted at position 10.
      The compounds were assayed in vitro and in vivo. The following analogs had in
      vivo and in vitro activities in the range 1-28 percent relative to LH-RH: I,
      smaller than Glu-His-Phe-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt; II, smaller than Glu-His
      Phe-Gly-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt; VII, smaller than Glu-His-Phe-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Phe
      Arg-Pro-NHEt; IX, smaller than Glu-His-Phe-Ala-Tyr-D-Ala-Leu-Arg-Pro-NHEt; XI,
      smaller than Glu-His-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-AMT-Me.

PMID- 1091738
TI  - Control of Triatoma infestans (Klug) with malathion concentrate.

PMID- 1091739
TI  - J. R. Audy (1914-1974).

PMID- 1091740
TI  - Specific and nonspecific antitumor immunity. I. Description of an in vitro assay
      based on inhibition of DNA synthesis in tumor cells.
AB  - As in vitro assay of cell-mediated antitumor immunity based on the inhibition of
      tumor cell DNA synthesis (IDS) was devised. It was reasoned that both cytolytic
      and cytostatic antitumor effects could be measured in a quantitative yet
      generalized manner with this approach. By the use of microculture techniques and
      simplified methods for the determination of tritiated-thymidine incorporation by
      all cells in individual cultures, normal and immune effector (E) cell populations
      were compared in their ability to inhibit the DNA synthesis of a fixed initial
      number of various target tumor cells. Doubling dilutions of E cells were used to
      titrate the antitumor effects of normal and immune cells at many E/T (effector to
      target) ratios. Under conditions of alloimmunization, significant immunologically
      specific IDS effects could routinely be detected at an E/T ratio of less than 1
      or 0.1:1, and under certain conditions at 1:100 or less. Results were highly
      reproducible with respect to the individual E cell donors, replicate cultures,
      and repeat experiments. The effects were proportional to visually determined cell
      destruction and independent of obvious culture artifacts. The IDS method was
      compared with the 51Cr release technique under various experimental conditions.
      The results demonstrated that decreases in E/T ratio and/or the addition of
      excess nonimmune cells to immune effector populations had a similar effect in
      both assays, which was to decrease the magnitude of the immune cell activity.
      Addition of excess normal cells reduced the activity of immune cells to a level
      below that of an equal number of immune cells tested at the same E/T ratio
      without added nonimmune cells. Both assays detected primarily a T lymphocyte
      mediated lytic event when effectors generated by the described alloimmunizations
      were used. The IDS assay also detected a weak non-T-cell activity in anti-theta
      plus complement-treated alloimmune spleen. The possibility that this represented
      antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity was raised by the finding that
      normal spleen ceels plus antitarget antibody had significant activity in the IDS
      system. The sensitivities of the two methods were compared and the potential of
      the IDS method was evaluated.

PMID- 1091742
TI  - Differential cytotoxicity of tumorigenic and nontumorigenic strain-2 guinea pig
      cells as mediated by syngeneic phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peritoneal exudate
      cells.
AB  - Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peritoneal exudate (PE) cells from strain-2
      guinea pigs were more cytotoxic in culture to syngeneic tumorigenic cells than to
      syngeneic nontumorigenic cells. Cytotoxicity was measured by the release of 3H
      thymidine from prelabeled target cells. Tumor-producing guinea pig fetal cells
      transformed in culture by chemical carcinogen released up to 70 percent of their
      label in the presence of PHA-stimulated PE cells. Non-tumor-producing cells,
      regardless of their morphologic characteristics, were less affected by PHA
      stimulated PE cells. Nontumorigenic cultures included untreated early passage and
      long-term cultures previously treated with a carcinogenic or noncarcinogenic
      chemical. Differential cytotoxicity to tumorigenic cultures were best
      distinguished from nontumorigenic cultures when 0.5-1 times 10-6 PE cells and 50
      100 mug PHA were incubated with 1 times 10-4 3H-thymidine-labeled target cells
      for 48 hours.

PMID- 1091741
TI  - Specific and nonspecific antitumor immunity. II. Macrophage-mediated nonspecific
      effector activity induced by BCG and similar agents.
AB  - The recently described inhibition of DNA synthesis (IDS) assay, which measures
      antitumor effector (E) cell function by the quantitation of decreases in
      tritiated thymidine incorporation of target tumor cells, was used to analyze the
      nonspecific effector activity of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) from mice
      infected intraperitoneally with BCG. These PEC could inhibit growth of and then
      kill all tumor target (effector to target) cells tested at E/T ratios as low as
      1:1. This activity was not due to alterations in media, nor could any activity be
      shown for cell-free supernatants prepared from active cells. The principal cell
      type mediating this effector function was the "activated" macrophage-no activity
      was found in lymphoid or polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Direct effector to target
      contact was necessary for the cytotoxic reaction. The time course of these
      effects and comparative 51Cr release data were reported. The removal of the
      adherent nonspecific effectors from PEC of mice immunized to both BCG and a
      specific syngeneic tumor revealed a specific cytotoxicity of the remaining
      lymphoid cells. These results indicated that nonspecific effector activity by
      "activated" macrophages induced by BCG infection could be a potent antitumor
      mechanism, at least in vitro, and the IDS assay provided an accurate,
      reproducible, and quantitative method for measurement of the function of such E
      cells.

PMID- 1091743
TI  - In vivo and in vitro tests of inhibitory effect of progesterone on cell-mediated
      immunity in rats bearing a syngeneic uterine adenocarcinoma.
AB  - Growth inhibition or stimulation of target adenocarcinoma cells in rats
      sensitized with spleen cells from syngeneic tumor-bearing rats was significantly
      suppressed in colony inhibition assays when the spleen cells were treated in
      vitro with 0.8 mug progesterone or more/ml medium. In addition, when tumor
      bearing rats were treated with 1 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate weekly in vivo,
      the inhibiting action of the spleen cells from rats with regressed tumors was
      also suppressed. Progesterone thus suppressed immune spleen cells in vivo and in
      vitro.

PMID- 1091744
TI  - Mouse mononuclear cell chemotaxis: description of system.
AB  - The mononuclear cell chemotaxis assay was adapted for use with normal mouse
      peritoneal cells. Mouse peritoneal macrophages responded well to
      endotoxinactivated mouse serum and to chemotactic factors produced by mouse
      spleen cell cultures stimulated with mitogens or specific antigen. The assay was
      quantitative, reproducible, and applicable to several mouse strains.

PMID- 1091745
TI  - A simple isotope dilution technique for the determination of lead and copper in
      natural waters.

PMID- 1091746
TI  - Population dynamics of protozoa in wastewater.

PMID- 1091747
TI  - Self-screening for significant bacteriuria. Evaluation of dip-strip combination
      nitrite/culture test.
AB  - A self-administered dip-strip device was used to screen for urinary tract
      infection in female subjects. Fifty-two cases of significant persistent
      bacteriuria were detected among 2,250 subjects by simultaneous use of pourplate
      quantitative cultures. The dip-strip culture test had good reliability in
      detecting Gram-negative organisms. Repeated nitrite tests, performed on first
      morning specimens and read by the patient, also had good reliability in detecting
      Gram-negative bacteria. No false-positive test occurred. The device is effective
      in screening out contaminants, thus decreasing the need for repeated testing.

PMID- 1091748
TI  - Treatment of persons exposed to rabies.
AB  - Several clinical and epidemiologic criteria have been formulated by the Center
      for Disease Control in advising physicians on the treatment of persons exposed to
      possibly rabit animals. When deciding whether or not to institute rabies
      prophylaxis, the physician must consider (1) the type of exposure, (2) the animal
      species involved in the exposure and the regional epidemiology of rabies, (3) the
      circumstances surrounding the exposure, and (4) the treatment alternatives and
      complications.

PMID- 1091749
TI  - Psoas abscess localization by gallium scan in aplastic anemia.
AB  - Gallium 67 scanning is an effective method of detecting inflammatory lesions,
      especially abscesses. A 10-year-old boy with aplastic anemia and severe
      leukopenia and granulocytopenia had a psoas abscess diagnosed by gallium scan.
      The patient died with Candida spesis 18 days after bone marrow transplantation.
      At autopsy, a chronic psoas abscess with Candida was found. The gallium scan
      offers a clinically effective and noninvasive means of evaluating suspected
      infection in the granulocytopenic patient.

PMID- 1091750
TI  - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in man. Serologic evidence of association with
      pet hamsters;.
AB  - Laboratory evidence of recent or current lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus
      infection was obtained in 60 patients. Twelve had diagnosis of central nervous
      system (CNS) infection: four of meningoencephalitis and eight of meningitis.
      Thirty-four patients had a grippe-like syndrome. Fifty-nine had had contact with
      pet hamsters. All of the 24 patients whose pets were studied had been exposed to
      one or more hamsters with serologic evidence of past LCM virus infection. The
      data implicate pet hamsters as a source of LCM in man. A continuous effective
      control of LCM virus in pet hamsters appears impractical. At present, the only
      feasible way to prevent further cases is the physician's special attention to the
      possibility of rodent contacts of patients with CNS disease and early laboratory
      confirmation of suspected cases of human LCM virus infections.

PMID- 1091751
TI  - Editorial: demythologizing medicine; or, how to stop worrying and love the
      computer.

PMID- 1091752
TI  - The modern clinical laboratory; Justification, scope, and directions.

PMID- 1091753
TI  - Amphotericin B. Old drug, new therapy.?2110.

PMID- 1091754
TI  - Cryptococcal pleural effusion.

PMID- 1091756
TI  - Pioneer heart transplant surgeon.

PMID- 1091755
TI  - The Lone Eagle's last flight.

PMID- 1091757
TI  - The death of an old professor.

PMID- 1091758
TI  - Intracranial suppuration secondary to trauma. Infection with Nocardia asteroides.

PMID- 1091759
TI  - "Settling the UGDP controversy"?

PMID- 1091760
TI  - Difficulties in obtaining kidneys from potential postmortem donors.
AB  - Disease outcome and kidney disposition of 86 patients referred as potential
      postmortem kidney donors were followed up over a one-year period to determine
      factors that led to "organ wastage." Six patients died before fulfilling the
      electorencephalographic criteria for death; another six were referred too late,
      leaving insufficient time to contact the relatives; and in 16 patients,
      permission was refused by the next of kin. In eight cases, no relatives could be
      traced and, finally, 14 patients died wtthout fulfilling our criteria of
      acceptability. Organs were obtained from only 22 donors--25.5% of the total
      referrals. Any data presenting the number of potential postmortem kidney donors
      must be considered in thp light of factors incorporating the ease or difficulty
      with which kidney grafts can be obtained. An awareness of these factors is
      necessary for maximum utilization of potential kidney donors.

PMID- 1091761
TI  - Decisive factors in the tolbutamide controversy.
AB  - No increased mortality trend attributable to tolbutamide is shown by an analysis
      of variance on logit-transformed data from the University Group Diabetes Program
      (UGDP) study. The UGDP's controversial finding of an increased rate with
      mortality subgrouped by "cardiovascular" causes is confirmed by the Biometric
      Committee's report, with reservations that failed to include overriding decisive
      factors. The basic problem is that inspected data set up the hypothesis (the
      increased cardiovascular mortality), and that the same data were used to test the
      hypothesis, so that resulting probability values no longer have the usual
      meaning. The problem was compounded by multiple testing of the data without
      adjusting the probability levels. When cardiovascular deaths were redefined as
      myocardial infarcts and sudden deaths, in an attempt to test a proposed etiologic
      inotropic hypothesis, no significant increase in cardiovascular mortality was
      found.

PMID- 1091763
TI  - Editorial: Renal transplants from cadaver donors.

PMID- 1091762
TI  - Editorial: Arterial steal phenomena.

PMID- 1091764
TI  - The FDA and hypoglycemic drugs.

PMID- 1091765
TI  - Studies on serum anti-heart antibodies and migration inhibitory factor against
      the heart tissue in systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1091766
TI  - Cardiovascular disease and immunology in cardiac surgery.

PMID- 1091767
TI  - [Proceedings: Pulmonary stenosis of infundibular type associated with right-sided
      aortic arch coarctation of the aorta and anomalous origin of the left
      brachiocephalic artery].

PMID- 1091768
TI  - [Proceedings: Pre- and post exercise cardiac output studied using dye dilution
      technic in hyperomic heart diseases].

PMID- 1091769
TI  - Creators of clinical medicine's scientific base:  Franklin Paine Mall, Lewellys
      Franklin Barker and Rufus Cole.

PMID- 1091770
TI  - [Extracorporeal attachment of the allo-and xenokidneys to recipients' body for
      temporary decrease of the level of antibodies and complement activity].
AB  - Data given in our investigation put questions important for clinical aspects of
      transplantation on efficacy of perfusional immunosorption for subsequent kidney
      transplantation with a temporarily reduced level of preexistent antibodies, on
      the character of evolution of the secondary response under the same conditions,
      on the level of immunodepression required in treating such patients etc.

PMID- 1091771
TI  - [Pavel Nikolaevich Iurenev].

PMID- 1091772
TI  - [Hemodynamics in patients with circulatory insufficiency depending on the
      activity of the rheumatic process].
AB  - In 384 rheumatic patients, including 344 with mitral defect of the heart central
      hemodynamics, phasic structure of the left ventricle systole and renal
      hemodynamics were studied. With the help of the sought out algorythm and the
      computer technique qualitative information on the activity of the rheumatic
      process, expressed in terms of plausability proportions for each patient, was
      obtained. This was followed by a search for a correlation between the values of
      these proportions and the parameters of the cardiac function. An inverse
      correlation was found only relative to the stroke index and the ejection rate and
      merely in patients with mitral defect and circulatory insufficiency of the IIB
      III stage. No essential difference was found between the values characterizing
      the hemodynamics, the duration of the left ventricle systole phases recorded in
      the groups of patients with active and inactive rheumatism, but at equal stages
      of ciruclatory insufficiency.

PMID- 1091773
TI  - [Additional gadget for new techniques of artifical respiration with the Bennett
      repirator PR 2, particulary suitable for use in children (author's transl)].
AB  - A new gadget for the Bennett PR 2 repirator is described which in modified form
      can also be used with other types of apparatus. It makes possible new techniques
      of artificial respiration like IPPB with PEEP or compensated PEEP, the gasp
      respiration with CPAP or CPAP by itself, in a simple way. In neonates one may do
      without the often problematical assisted respiration when weaning from the
      respirator. Further it is now possible to achieve sufficient warming and
      humidification of the gas mixture by using an auxiliary gas flow in the
      expiratory phase.

PMID- 1091775
TI  - [5-Aminoacridine hydrochloride for fixation of human blood basophils (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 5-aminoacridine hydrochloride (0.4 percent in 50 percent aqueous ethanol) proved
      to be a useful fixative for the preservation of human blood basophils pretreated
      with methanol-formaldehyde (9:1 V/V). Leaching of the water-soluble basophil
      granules or other artificial cell alterations common to fixatives in current use
      were not observed. The organic compound used did not induce any chemographic
      artifacts in nuclear tracers, in contrast to most of the other fixatives hitherto
      applied. 5-aminoacridine hydrochloride is therefore particularly suitable for
      autoradiography of the human blood basophils.

PMID- 1091774
TI  - Experimental oliguric acute renal failure: protective effects of renomedullary
      autotransplants.
AB  - An acute circulatory renal failure (ARF) was induced in 18 rabbits by temporary
      ischemia of the remaining kidney 8 days after unilateral nephrectomy and
      subcuteaneous autotransplantation of renomedullary tissue.--Mortality in the
      postischemic course was 50% in treated animals but 100% in the control group (n =
      18) without autotransplantation. In the postischemic period plasma urea
      concentration was significantly lower (p smaller than 0.005) in the surviving
      transplanted animals and excretion of sodium and water significantly higher (p
      smaller than 0.005) as compared with the control group. Plasma renin values which
      were significantly lower than thos of the control(p smaller than 0.005) had
      decreased significantly even as compared with the initial values. These results
      indicate that hormonal substances are produced in interstitial cells of
      renomedullary autotransplants exerting a distinct protective effect against
      experimental acute renal failure. Decreased plasma renin activity may point to an
      inhibition of circulating and/or intrarenal renin by lipids originating from the
      transplants. Changes in sodium and water excretion indicate effects of
      circulating prostaglandins

PMID- 1091776
TI  - Technic for serial bone sampling in canine skeletal labeling studies.
AB  - A technic was described for repetitive bone sampling in beagle dogs. The
      procedure has provided ideal samples for quantitative histologic technics
      following 135 biopsies.

PMID- 1091777
TI  - Colitis cystica profunda in rhesus monkeys.
AB  - Spontaneously occurring colitis cystica profunda, characterized by the presence
      of non-neoplastic glands and mucin-containing cysts in the submucosa of the large
      intestine, was observed post mortem in 4 of 28 rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)
      but in none of 20 squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciuresu) necropsied during the same
      period of time. An analogous lesion in the stomach was present in 2 of the
      monkeys with the colonic condition. The submucosal glands and cysts resulted from
      extension of the mucosa through the muscularis mucosae, and inflammation was
      considered to have played a primary role in this process. The cause of the
      intestinal inflammation was not determined, and there was no known exposure to
      toxic chemicals, including pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls. Colitis
      cystica profunda affecting man and other animals has been described infrequently
      in the literature, but the importance of differentiating it from intestinal
      adenocarcinoma has been emphasized.

PMID- 1091778
TI  - A report of fourteen spontaneous tumors of the guinea pig.
AB  - Fourteen guinea pig tumors were received by the Purdue University Animal Disease
      Diagnostic Laboratories over a period of 5 yr. Among them were 2 mammary gland
      adenocarcinomas, a mammary gland adenoma, a malignant mixed tumor of the mammary
      gland, a Schwannoma, 2 limpomas, an inflammatory polyp of the ear canal, a
      uterine fibroma, 3 trichoepitheliomas, an undifferentiated carcinoma, and a
      histiocytic lymphosarcoma. The pathologic features of these neoplasms were
      presented in this report.

PMID- 1091779
TI  - Hexachlorophene retinopathy in rats.
AB  - The primary effect of hexachlorophene on rat retina is disruption of the disc
      membranes of photoreceptor outer segments and irreversible destruction of their
      cell bodies. The neurons of the ganglion cell layer of the retina also become
      affected, probably secondary to optic nerve lesions present in hexachlorophene
      intoxication. The early and probably reversible changes of the discs are
      vacuolation and vesiculotubular degeneration. Vacuolation in the discs results
      from separation of their inner aspects. This lesion is analogous to the
      separation of myelin lamellae at the intraperiod line, also produced by
      hexachlorophene.

PMID- 1091780
TI  - Characteristic immunohistochemical and ultrastructural glomerular lesions in Nude
      mice.
AB  - Kidney glomerular lesions were studied by light microscopy and immunofluorescence
      in 17 congenitally athymic Nude mice and 25 of their phenotypically normal
      littermates. The 3-month-old mice had glomerular deposits of total IgG, IgG2,
      IgM, and C3, but IgG1 was consistently absent and IgA was present in only 30 per
      cent of cases. Conversely, the 6-month-old littermates showed no deposits.
      However, the 9- and 12-month-old littermates had glomerular deposits of all of
      the immunoglobulins and C3. Kidney tissue from five Nude mice was studied by
      electron microscopy. In three of these five mice the mesangial and subendothelial
      deposits contained characteristic double layered lamellar structures
      approximately 130 A wide. Antinuclear antibodies were found in the serum of 3 or
      10 Nude mice and 1 of 12 littermates. Different hypotheses on the origin of the
      characteristic lamellar structures are proposed. The significance of the early
      development of autoimmunity and glomerular lesions in Nude mice is discussed.

PMID- 1091781
TI  - Kenneth Merrill Lynch, M.D., D.Sc., LL.D.

PMID- 1091782
TI  - Memoirs of William A. Boyd, M.D.

PMID- 1091783
TI  - The expressive portion of the NSST compared to a spontaneous language sample.
AB  - This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between syntactic
      structures produced on the expressive portion of the NSST and those produced in a
      spontaneous language sample. The NSST was administered to 12 children previously
      diagnosed as delayed in language. In addition, spontaneous language samples were
      collected by a speech clinician and by the child's mother. The children ranged in
      age from four years one month to five years 11 months. We found that 30 percent
      of those syntactic structures incorrectly produced on the NSST were correctly
      produced spontaneously in the language sample. Furthermore, the sample obtained
      by the clinician was significantly richer in terms of number of structures
      produced correctly than the sample collected by the mother. Overall results
      indicate that an item analysis of the expressive portion of the NSST does not
      present an accurate representation of the child's language performance and
      therefore cannot be interpreted beyond its stated purpose, namely that of a
      screening instrument.

PMID- 1091784
TI  - A regulatory role for viral RNA in eukaryotes.

PMID- 1091785
TI  - [Chromosomes and fertility: a cytogenetic study of sterile couples and couples
      presenting repeated early abortions (author's transl)].

PMID- 1091786
TI  - Encephalopathy and fatty infiltration of the viscera (Reye-Johnson syndrome): a
      17-year experience.
AB  - Reye-Johnson syndrome was found in 17 patients in a retrospective study of 235
      children with acute encephalopathy seen at the Mayo Clinic in the period 1955
      through 1971. Eight of the nine patients under 4 years of age developed the
      syndrome prior to 1968; eight children 10 to 15 years of age acquired the
      disorder from 1968 through 1971. Seven patients were admitted during the month of
      February. Prodromal symptoms preceded the encephalopathy in 13 patients. Eight
      patients had seizures. Progressive deterioration with brainstem signs led to
      death in 15 patients. Electroencephalographic findings correlated well with the
      clinical course and eventual outcome. However, no correlation was found between
      seizure activity and the electroencephalogram. Autopsy findings in 14 cases
      included cerebral edema, tonsillar herniation, hypoxic neuronal degeneration, and
      fatty inflitration of the liver and kidneys.

PMID- 1091787
TI  - A review of the research on general health status indexes.
AB  - During the mid-1960's, recognition of the spiraling cost of health care motivated
      Congress to enact several major pieces of legislation designed to underwrite
      efforts to improve the delivery of health services. The increased level of
      federal fiscal participation in the health service system has forced greater
      consciousness of the need for better accountability of the effectiveness and
      efficiency of the allocation of the dollar. Demands were articulated for
      precision tools which could evaluate the imput to output linkage between need and
      response; however, the tools were nascent and had limited applicability. Cost
      effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis are two procedures that have since been
      applied with varying levels of success. A third tool, also developed as an
      outgrowth of the desire for a more accurate characterization of the planning
      concerns of an efficient/effective health service system, is the general health
      status index. The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with a
      comprehensive review of the literature on general health status indexes. Common
      objectives and constraints are presented, as well as a discussion of the
      expanding role of general health status indexes.

PMID- 1091788
TI  - An assessment of institutional review committees in human experimentation.
AB  - A study of the functioning of an institutional review committee, when combined
      with the Barber et al. survey data on 300 institutions, allows for a useful
      provisional assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of existing procedures for
      protecting human research subjects. The evidence shows that there is an important
      role for such committees; however, most committees are relatively permissive.
      While on committees' performance showed that such committees can have an impact
      on proposed research, the absence of effective monitoring procedures and lack of
      feedback from research subjects limits the impact of the review procedure on the
      actual conduct of research. The question is also raised whether the review
      procedure, because of its legitimizing functions, may have some regressive
      consequences for the protection of human subjects.

PMID- 1091789
TI  - Medi-Cal criticisms in perspective.

PMID- 1091791
TI  - [A medical bibliography from the year 1679].

PMID- 1091790
TI  - [Voluntary versus compulsory sterilization in sweden then and now].

PMID- 1091792
TI  - Cell proliferation kinetics in tumors after treatments.
AB  - Analysis of data on cell reproductive death, cell proliferation kinetics, tumor
      volume responses and tumor eradication probability after single and fractionated
      doses of radiation given to experimental tumors, can yield several conclusions
      which may be relevant for the interpretation of clinical data: 1. considerable
      differences are observed among various cell types with respect to intrinsic
      radiosensitivity, but no specific differences are demonstrated for cells from
      tumors as compared to cells from normal tissue; 2. cell survival curves measured
      by in vitro cloning techniques for cells irradiated in an experimental rat
      rhabdomyosarcoma are consistent with the observed probability of tumor
      eradication, and 3. after a sufficiently large dose of radiation and after two
      weeks of fractionated treatments, important changes in cell proliferation
      kinetics have been observed with respect to cell cycle, cell production rate and
      cell loss rate, which may significantly influence the time of recurrence as well
      as the probability of attaining tumor eradication.

PMID- 1091793
TI  - Carcinogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma.
AB  - Experimental models have been developed for the induction of carcinoma of the
      larynx and for the study of its pathogenesis. The hamster has been the animal of
      choice. Polynuclear hydrocarbons, administered intratracheally, induce mostly
      squamous cell carcinomas. Diethylnitrosamine given systemically induces papillary
      tumors; some other N-nitroso-compounds given topically or systemically also
      induce laryngeal tumors, including carcinomas. Cigarette smoke inhalation induces
      preneoplastic and early neoplastic lesions of the larynx, including some invasive
      carcinomas. In vivo and in vitro methods have been developed for the
      morphological and biochemical study of target tissues in respiratory epithelial
      carcinogenesis to identify critical pathogenetic steps and their inhibition.
      These methods are now applicable to the in vitro study of human laryngeal
      epithelium and its susceptibility to cancer induction and prevention.

PMID- 1091794
TI  - Recent developments in chemotherapy of malignancy.

PMID- 1091795
TI  - Indirect laryngoscopy.
AB  - Indirect laryngoscopy is one of the procedural methods used for achieving a
      histopathologic diagnosis of cancer of the larynx. A chronologic historical
      summary of the development of mirror laryngoscopy is presented. The details of
      the procedure employed for obtaining a biopsy with the aid of topical anesthesia
      is discussed.

PMID- 1091796
TI  - Directory of Otolaryngologic Societies.

PMID- 1091797
TI  - Post-laryngectomy vocal rehabilitation using expired air and an external fistula
      method.
AB  - The advantages and problems of fistula speech in post-laryngectomy vocal
      rehabilitation are discussed. A pilot study of laryngectomees has shown the
      practical advantages and low risk of a primary one-stage external vocal fistula
      construction at the time of laryngectomy, allowing very early fistula speech.
      These results indicate the need for an intensive program to develop a definitive
      surgical procedure and prosthesis, with a view to applying the method to all
      types of laryngectomees.

PMID- 1091798
TI  - Medial conchal excision in otoplasty.
AB  - The most common cartilaginous deformities in protruding ears include an
      inadequate antihelical fold and an enlarged concha. We have employed medial
      conchal excision to correct deep conchas in 25 patients, all of whom were pleased
      with the postoperative result. Obvious wrinkling of the anterior skin occurred in
      four patients, and several patients displayed slight distortion of the helical
      crus. Medial conchal excision does not impede management of the antihelical fold
      with mattress sutures or by other means. We consider the risk of minor
      alterations of the concha justified if even slight distortion of the more
      conspicuous lateral auricle can be avoided.

PMID- 1091799
TI  - Mouth-to-mouth resuscitation: influence of alcohol on revival of an old
      technique.

PMID- 1091800
TI  - Drug metabolism in the human neonate.

PMID- 1091801
TI  - [Results of clinical study and Schellong's test with a new retard antihypotensive
      agent].

PMID- 1091802
TI  - [Results of a controlled study and Schellong's standing test with Bayrotren].

PMID- 1091803
TI  - [Therapy of diabetes mellitus using metformin. Clinical study on 60 patients].

PMID- 1091804
TI  - [Testing of Eprazinone, a new drug with antiobstructive effect on the respiratory
      tract].

PMID- 1091805
TI  - [Therapy of inadequate cerebral circulation using Fludilat. Experience from 539
      internal medicine cases].

PMID- 1091806
TI  - [Comparison of bacteriological results in urine specimens obtained by suprapubic
      aspiration and by so-called mid-stream-technic].

PMID- 1091808
TI  - [Esthetic-surgical breast enlargement, exchange mastectomy, and breast
      reconstruction following mamma amputation. New Clinical and radiographic
      findings].

PMID- 1091807
TI  - [Clinical contribution to ampicillin exanthema].

PMID- 1091809
TI  - [Clinical studies on the effects of Etilefrin on blood circulation].

PMID- 1091810
TI  - [Breakthrough of the natural scientific method in medicine].

PMID- 1091811
TI  - 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase from baker's yeast.

PMID- 1091812
TI  - Mass spectrometry of prostaglandins.

PMID- 1091814
TI  - Acyl carrier protein synthetase.

PMID- 1091813
TI  - Chemical synthesis of phospholipids and analogues of phospholipids containing
      carbon-phosphorus bonds.

PMID- 1091815
TI  - Use of antibodies to nucleosides and nucleotides in studies of nucleic acids in
      cells.

PMID- 1091816
TI  - Fabrication of hollow vascular replicas using a gallium injection technique.

PMID- 1091817
TI  - Canine lung uptake of plasma and platelet serotonin.

PMID- 1091818
TI  - Building on impressive accomplishments, U-M rethinking medical research process.

PMID- 1091819
TI  - Perinatal tips.

PMID- 1091820
TI  - Distinguished British nurses of the past. 3. Mrs. Elizabeth Cellier--'the Polish
      midwife' of the Restoration.

PMID- 1091821
TI  - Perineal repair.

PMID- 1091822
TI  - Treatment of hypertension with an antihypertensive agent possessing vasodilator
      activity.
AB  - Administration of the vasodilator agent, prazosin, in dosages from 3-0 to 7-5 mg
      per day, significantly reduced diastolic and systolic blood pressure in a group
      of 14 patients with mild or moderate hypertension. Nine of these patients had a
      lowering of diastolic blood pressure which was at least 10 mm Hg greater than
      that caused by placebo. Side effects, chiefly dizziness or lassitude, occurred in
      over half the patients, but were mild and of short duration and did not
      necessitate suspension of treatment. The antihypertensive effect of prazosin was
      similar to that produced by methyldopa or propranolol given in comparable doses.
      If prazosin and propranolol were given concurrently, blood pressure fell to a
      level which was significantly lower than that associated with the use of either
      of these agents alone.

PMID- 1091823
TI  - [Mycoplasma infections in man. A critical consideration].

PMID- 1091824
TI  - [Bacteriological studies on diagnostic material. Indication, technology,
      microbiological diagnosis].

PMID- 1091825
TI  - [Expert testimony on severe local necroses following intramuscular injections].

PMID- 1091826
TI  - [Prenatal sex determination].

PMID- 1091827
TI  - [Anti-atelectasis factor (surfactant) and hyaline membrane disease in premature
      infants].

PMID- 1091828
TI  - [Chronic carbon monoxide poisoning].

PMID- 1091829
TI  - [Polymyalgia rheumatica. A disease of elderly people].

PMID- 1091830
TI  - [Rehabilitation--intervention--a not only medical problem].

PMID- 1091831
TI  - [Season and psychiatric disease (author's transl)].
AB  - Clinical experience shows that certain psychiatric patients have to be
      hospitalized more frequently during certain periods of the year. We compared the
      data of the hospitalisation of 17268 psychiatric patients, hospitalized over a
      period of 13 years (1956-1969) with the time of the year. Schizophrenics are
      hospitalized mostly during the warm period, least during the cold period,
      regardless of their sex. The same can be said about the diagnostic subgroups
      (paranoics, catatonics, hebephrenics, schizophrenia simplex) and the periodic
      depressions and depressions of involution. Reactive and neurotic depressions and
      depressions of exhaustion, neurotics (crisis during puberty, neuroses of
      character, obsessional and anxiety neuroses), arteriosclerotics and psychopaths
      do not show an even pattern of distribution. Male alcoholics, too, do not show a
      maximum of admissions. Female alcoholics are admitted more during the warm
      periods, less often during the cold periods. Drug addicts, too, show a minimum in
      winter, an even level over the rest of the time of the year. It is suggested that
      the patterns of admissions for certain psychiatric patients are to be explained
      by the different sensibility of meteorological factors.

PMID- 1091832
TI  - [Dizziness from the psychiatric-neurological viewpoint].

PMID- 1091833
TI  - [Social incorporation of old people. Possibilities and methods of reintegration
      using closed geriatric rehabilitation institutions].

PMID- 1091834
TI  - [Clinical problems of the "Australia-antigen" (hepatitis-B-antigen)].

PMID- 1091835
TI  - [Immunotherapy of malignant tumors].

PMID- 1091836
TI  - [Defects of renal tubular transport systems for amino acids].

PMID- 1091837
TI  - [Kidney damage caused by abuse of phenacetin].

PMID- 1091838
TI  - [Balkan-nephropathy, a particular form of interstitial nephritis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Because of epidemiological, clinical, pathomorphological, and etiological
      criteria the Balkan-nephropathy is suggested to be a particular form of chronic
      interstitial nephritis with super-imposed pyelonephritis in about 30 p.c. of the
      patients. A basic scheme illustrates the origin and the development of the
      endemia as well as etiology and clinical course of the disease. Another scheme
      shows pathogenesis and pathomorphogenesis of the nephritis. This analysis about
      the characteristics of the endemic Balkan-nephropathy allows for the
      clarification of the triad: endemic occurrance, familial susceptibility, and
      mosaik like morbidity. The following important aspects of the disease are given:
      rarely occuring hypertension, facultative leukuria, and bacteriuria, smooth
      nephrocirrhosis. Prophylactic and therapeutic prospects are given.

PMID- 1091839
TI  - [Intracranial aneurysms].

PMID- 1091840
TI  - [Ultrasonic echography in cardiology].

PMID- 1091841
TI  - [New viewpoints on the role of lymphatic cells. 2].

PMID- 1091842
TI  - [Clinical studies on Juston].

PMID- 1091843
TI  - [Alchemy and medicine. Therapeutics in ancient times and in the Islamic Middle
      Ages (II)].

PMID- 1091844
TI  - [Scintigraphy. 2].

PMID- 1091845
TI  - [Pathophysiological data and their consequences on diagnosis and therapy of
      degenerative joint diseases].

PMID- 1091846
TI  - [Adenomatoid tumor].

PMID- 1091847
TI  - [Orthopedics in philately].

PMID- 1091848
TI  - [Abdominal pain in childhood].

PMID- 1091849
TI  - The protein topography of the E. coli 30S ribosomal subunit: a preliminary model
      E. coli/30S subunit/ribosome/spatial arrangement of proteins.
AB  - A three dimensional model is presented which shows the apatial arrangement of 20
      of the 21 proteins of the 30S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli. The model
      fulfills several purposes: (a) It summarizes currently available structural and
      functional data on ribosomal proteins; (b) It suggests an interesting correlation
      between stoichiometry and function. Functional proteins are both clustered and
      fractional; (c) It can be evaluated in relationships or point out critical
      experiments by which it can be tested.

PMID- 1091851
TI  - Isocitrate dehydrogenases and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase activities of baker's
      yeast grown in a variety of hypoxic conditions.
AB  - The activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD), isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP)
      and oxoglutarate dehydrogenase have been investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      grown in a variety of aerobic and hypoxic conditions, the latter including oxygen
      deprivation, high glucose concentration, addition of inhibitors of mitochondrial
      protein synthesis, respiratory inhibition by azide, and impaired respiration
      mutants. All hypoxic conditions led to a marked decrease of oxoglutarate
      dehydrogenase and significant decreases of the two isocitrate dehydrogenases.
      According to its kinetic properties, the NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase will not be
      operative in hypoxia "in vivo". From these and other related facts it is
      concluded that hypoxic conditions in yeast generally lead to a splitting of the
      tricarboxylic acid cycle and that glutamate synthesis in these conditions takes
      place through the coupling of the NADP-linked isocitrate and glutamate
      dehydrogenases.

PMID- 1091850
TI  - The adrenal medulla: a model for studies of hormonal and neuronal storage and
      release mechanisms.
AB  - We have observed that phospholipids and protein of the catecholamine (CA) storage
      granules, i.e. the chromaffin granules, interact in an in vitro system to form
      liposomal particles, which in many respects resemble the intact matrix of the
      bovine chromaffin granule. A model has been suggested which consists of an
      aqueous phase, containing the acidic chromogranins and intact dopamine-beta
      hydroxylase (DBH) ATP and CA, embedded in a liquid crystal of the matrix
      phospholipids. Ca2+ may play a significant role in the sequence of functional
      transitions of such an organelle, not only in the accumulation of Ca2+, as during
      the secretory phase of the intact cell, but also as the agent inducing a
      separation of the outer membrane bilayer from the matrix phase to be released, as
      during exocytosis. Furthermore, a liposome model of the matrix may also
      tentatively explain the occurrence of intact matrices in the interstitium of
      stimulated glands. Recent evidence for the identity between chromogranin A and
      DBH subunits have been summarized and a possible role for the inactive subunits
      in the ionic binding of ATP and CA in the aqueous phase of the matrix is
      discussed. A role of Ca2+ and cyclic AMP in the mediation of beta-adrenergic
      modulation is postulated on the basis of our recent work on acetylcholine-induced
      release of CA from perfused and stimulated bovine adrenals. We conclude that such
      a beta-adrenergic modulation is secondary to that of the cholinergic response.
      Hence, this activation is able to enhance the output induced by mild cholinergic
      stimulation although insufficient to evoke a CA release by itself.

PMID- 1091852
TI  - Colonoscopy: A clinical view.

PMID- 1091853
TI  - Possible mechanisms of lethal and mutagenic action of formaldehyde.

PMID- 1091854
TI  - Effects of p-fluorophenylalanine on the induction of mutations in bacteriophage
      T4. I. 5-Bromouracil mutagenesis.
AB  - The amino acid analogue rho-fluorophenylalanine (PFPA) was found to have no
      mutagenic activity in the gamma system of bacteriophage T4. However, under
      standard conditions for 5-bromouracil (5-BU) mutagenesis, PFPA depressed the
      induced frequencies for both forward and reverse mutations. When the folate
      antagonist sulphanilamide (SU) was omitted from the mutangenic treatment medium
      or when it was replaced by Trimethoprim (TM), another folate antagonist, this
      depressive effect was abolished. It was proposed that PFPA alleviated the
      inhibitory action of SU.

PMID- 1091855
TI  - Enterotoxigenic Escherichia-coli-associated diarrheal disease in Apache children.
AB  - A search for intestinal enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was made in 59 Apache
      children hospitalized with 64 episodes of acute diarrhea. Esch. coli isolates
      from acute-phase and convalescent-phase specimens of small-bowel fluid and stool
      were tested in three currently recognized models: the adult-rabbit ileal loop;
      infant rabbit; and the adrenal-cell assay. Enterotoxigenic strains were isolated
      from 10 children during acute diarrheal episodes (16 per cent); none were
      isolated from convalescent-phase specimens. None of 64 "enteropathogenic"
      serotypes of Esch. coli from 43 children with diarrhea, however, caused fluid
      production in the ileal-loop model. These results suggest that enterotoxigenic
      Esch. coli may be the cause of considerable diarrhea in this population and that
      the term "enteropathogenic" as applied to serotypes of Esch. coli needs to be
      redefined.

PMID- 1091856
TI  - Management of heparin therapy: Controlled prospective trial.
AB  - Among 100 consecutive patients receiving heparin in therapeutic dosage, major
      bleeding occurred in 21, and minor bleeding in 16. Two patients died from
      bleeding, and two had recurrent pulmonary embolism. Major bleeding occurred in
      21% when therapy was regulated with whole-blood clotting time and in 20% when
      heparin was given without clotting tests. In a subsequent prospective trial
      patients received heparin by intermittent intravenous injection with or without
      laboratory control according to the partial thromboplastin time or continuously
      by intravenous infusion. Recurrent thromboembolism occurred once in each group.
      Major bleeding was seven times more frequent with intermittent injection than
      with continuous infusion. Control with the partial thromboplastin time did not
      prevent major bleeding in patients receiving intermittent injections. With
      continuous infusion, one-fourth less heparin was required than with intermittent
      injections. Administration of heparin by continuous infusion appears safer than
      intermittent injection with or without laboratory control and is no less
      effective for prevention of thromboembolism.

PMID- 1091857
TI  - Reversible uremic deafness after successful renal transplantation.

PMID- 1091858
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 21-1975.

PMID- 1091859
TI  - Letter: H. A. Kelly at work.

PMID- 1091860
TI  - Letter: Centenary of Schweitzer's birth.

PMID- 1091861
TI  - Verhulst retires.

PMID- 1091862
TI  - Penicillin-binding proteins and cell shape in E. coli.

PMID- 1091863
TI  - Specific inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis in vitro by guanosine 3'
      diphosphate, 5' diphosphate.

PMID- 1091864
TI  - Trilobite eyes and the optics of Des Cartes and Huygens.
AB  - The thick lenses in the aggregate eyes of a group of trilobites were double
      structures designed to eliminate spherical aberration. The shape of the optically
      correcting interface is in accord with constructions by Des Cartes and Huygens
      and is dictated by a fundamental law of physics. Trilobites may have evolved such
      sophisticated eye-lenses to maximise optic neurone response in a dimly lit
      environment.

PMID- 1091865
TI  - Tumour-associated transplantation antigens of chemically induced sarcomata cross
      reacting with allogeneic histocompatibility antigens.

PMID- 1091866
TI  - Nasal infection of Alcaligenes bronchisepticus (Bordetella bronchiseptica) and
      lesions in newborn rabbits.
AB  - The mode of experimental infection with Alcaligenes bronchisepticus (Bordetella
      bronchiseptica) of pig and rabbit origin, and lesions in the respiratory organs
      were examined in three groups, A, B and C, of newborn rabbits. Groups A and C
      were free from the organism and agglutinating antibody and inoculated with the
      organisms of pig and rabbit origin, respectively. Group B had maternal antibody
      and was inoculated with the organism of pig origin. Establishment and persistence
      of infection with the organism were certified in the nasal cavities, trachea, or
      lungs of groups A and C 3 days after inoculation or later. Late establishment of
      infection occurred in trachea and lungs of group B. Agglutinating antibody was
      detected in groups A and B mostly 14 days after inoculation or later. Ventral
      turbinate atrophy occurred in groups A and B mostly 10 days after inoculation or
      later. Histologically, it was hypo-osteogenesis caused by degeneration of
      osteoblasts and proliferation of fibroblast-like cells in the osseous tissue.
      Catarrhal inflammation in the nasal and tracheal mucous membranes, and
      bronchopneumonia with peribronchiolitis developed commonly in all the groups. The
      fluorescent antibody technique revealed antigen of the organism of pig origin on
      the nasal mucosa, mostly of the dorsal and ventral meatus, and on the tracheal
      and bronchiolar mucosa in groups A and B.

PMID- 1091867
TI  - Dental inlays among the Mayas.

PMID- 1091868
TI  - Drug utilization review of medicaid patients: therapeutic implications and
      opportunities.

PMID- 1091869
TI  - [C.R.Rogers' conversation psychotherapy (client-centered therapy].

PMID- 1091870
TI  - Pharmacologic approach to the maintenance of urate homeostasis.
AB  - A reduction in the serum urate concentration in hyperuricemic subjects can be
      achieved by increasing the renal excretion of uric acid, by inhibiting its
      synthesis, or by a combination of both modalities. The three most commonly used
      hypouricemic drugs are probenecid, sulfinpyrazone and allopurinol. Each drug has
      been considered in detail with regard to its mechanism of action, metabolism,
      diverse metabolic effects, side effects and interaction with other drugs. In
      addition, guidelines for the use of these drugs in hyperuricemic subjects are
      proposed.

PMID- 1091871
TI  - [Morphology of the reticular formation of the brain].

PMID- 1091872
TI  - [Bedside rehabilitation in neurologic hospitals and hospital departments].

PMID- 1091873
TI  - Stimulatory effect of prostaglandin E2 on LH release in the rat: evidence for
      hypothalamic site of action.
AB  - The intravenous administration of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; 100 mug/rat) to
      immature male and female rats increased the serum level of lutenizing hormone
      (LH). This effect was prevented by the prior administration of an antiserum to
      the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone. LH release from rat pituitaries
      in vitro was not stimulated by PGE2 (10 mug/ml). It is inferred that the
      stimulatory effect of PGE2, on LH release is not a direct one on the pituitary
      gland, but is exerted at the level of the hypothalamus.

PMID- 1091874
TI  - Variation of the pituitary response to LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) during a 24
      hour period in male, diestrous female and androgenized female rats.
AB  - The pituitary response to LH-RH was studied at 8 a.m., 4 p.m. and 12 p.m. in
      normal male rats, female rats on day 1 of diestrus and female rats injected with
      testosterone propionate on the 2nd day of life. Androgenized rats responded to LH
      RH with a greater release of LH than did female diestrous and male rats. In the 3
      groups the lowest response to LH-RH was observed at 12 p.m., and the highest at 8
      a.m., with the exception of androgenized rats which responded with a similar
      magnitude of LH release at 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. The release of FSH after the
      injection of LH-RH was studied only at 4 p.m. and only normal male rats responded
      with a significant FSH release.

PMID- 1091875
TI  - [Insulin secretion in non-endocrine hyposomia and hyposomia with growth hormone
      deficiency].

PMID- 1091876
TI  - [The seals of the order of the Reformers and College of Physicians and Artists of
      the University of Turin in the 16th century].

PMID- 1091877
TI  - Nutrition classics from The Journal of Biological Chemistry 53:293-312, 1922.
      Studies of experimental rickets. XXI. An experimental demonstration of the
      existence of a vitamin which promotes calcium depositor.

PMID- 1091878
TI  - Cobalt.

PMID- 1091879
TI  - Effects of diet on biliary lipid secretion and bile composition.

PMID- 1091880
TI  - Water and electrolytes in malnutrition.

PMID- 1091881
TI  - Genu valgum due to fluoride toxicity.

PMID- 1091882
TI  - Intestinal bypass surgery for obesity.

PMID- 1091883
TI  - The Lancet. The incidence of alkaptonuria: a study in chemical individuality.

PMID- 1091884
TI  - Calcium transport in the ileum.

PMID- 1091885
TI  - Cellular development after fetal thyroidectomy.

PMID- 1091886
TI  - Primary bone grafting in management of facial fractures.

PMID- 1091887
TI  - Modern medicine, religion, and law; human experimentation.

PMID- 1091888
TI  - Women's role in medicine in early colonial times.

PMID- 1091889
TI  - On the criticism of colleagues.

PMID- 1091890
TI  - A psychophysiologic concept of temporomandibular joint dysfunction.

PMID- 1091891
TI  - Vitus J. Lachnicht.

PMID- 1091892
TI  - Dental health in New York State--1975: A position paper.

PMID- 1091893
TI  - Odontophilately.

PMID- 1091894
TI  - Respiratory distress syndrome, surfactant biochemistry, and acceleration of fetal
      lung maturity: a review.

PMID- 1091895
TI  - Treatment of adenocarcinoma of the endometrium.
AB  - The evidence concerning those factors related to prognosis in endometrial
      carcinoma has been reviewed and age, histologic differentiation of the tumor,
      depth of myometrial invasion and extent of disease have been found to be
      definitely correlated with survival. The development of different treatment
      methods has been traced and various modern treatment techniques have been
      discussed. On the basis of these prognostic indicators and reported experience
      with alternative methods of therapy, a plan of management for patients with
      endometrial carcinoma has been proposed. Although we believe this is a logical
      method with proven effectiveness, we wish to emphasize the importance of
      individualized therapy based on an understanding of the clinical-pathological
      findings.

PMID- 1091896
TI  - Gynecologic malignancies in immunosuppressed organ homograft recipients.
AB  - Immunosuppressed organ homograft recipients have a 5 to 6% incidence of de novo
      malignancies at some time after transplantation. Gynecologic cancers were
      encountered in 21 of 224 patients (9%) with these tumors. The predominant lesion
      was carcinoma of the cervix (18 cases), of which 16 were intraepithelial and 2
      were invasive. Gynecologic malignancies have also been encountered in non
      transplant patients who were treated with immunosuppressive agents or cancer
      chemotherapy. All such individuals require gynecologic examination before
      commencement of treatment and at regular intervals thereafter so that
      malignancies may be diagnosed at an early stage and treated effectively. Most
      neoplasms respond well to conventional cancer therapy, but high-grade
      malignancies may necessitate reduction or cessation of immunosuppressive therapy
      as well.

PMID- 1091897
TI  - Relation of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of the vulva to development of
      carcinoma.
AB  - One hundred and seven patients with lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LS&A) of the
      vulva were studies to determine the malignant potential of the LS&A. Five
      patients had coexisting invasive carcinoma of the vulva or perineum with the
      LS&A, and 1 patient had coexisting intraepithelial vulvar carcinoma on the
      clitoris. None of these, however, was known to have LS&A prior to the biopsy for
      carcinoma of the vulva. The high association of carcinoma and LS*A is probably a
      result of selection of 2 unusual lesions sent for consultation and evaluation.
      Squamous hyperplasia in the vulva occurred in association with LS&A in 37 (35%)
      patients, but only 6 patients had areas of dysplasia coexisting with LS&A. These
      areas of dysplasia, like the 5 invasive carcinomas, occurred in an area of the
      vulva where the LS&A was minimal or absent. Follow-up data were obtained on 92
      patients with LS&A. Only 1 developed carcinoma of the vulva, which occurred 12
      years after identification of the LS&A. When carcinoma arises in the vulva in a
      patient with vulvar LS&A, it tends to arise in areas of minomal LS&A or isolated
      areas of relatively normal vulvar skin. This study did not provide evidence of
      carcinoma arising from LS&A. Five of the 92 patients developed 6 malignant
      neoplasms in other sites, including carcinoma of the endometrium (3 patients),
      lung (1 patient), and simultaneous carcinomas of the colon and cervix (1
      patient).

PMID- 1091898
TI  - Letter: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

PMID- 1091899
TI  - Responsibility of the obstetrician to the fetus. II. Influence of prepregnancy
      weight and pregnancy weight gain on birthweight.
AB  - The diet of pregnant women has been restricted in various ways since earliest
      history. Dietary restriction may have severely deleterious effects on the fetus.
      Our study revealed a positive correlation of prepregnancy weight and pregnancy
      weight gain to term infant birthweight. Their influences are independent and
      additive. It is of the utmost importance to the fetus and the future of the human
      race that the diet of pregnant women contain the caloric value and essential
      nutrients recommended by the National Research Council.

PMID- 1091901
TI  - Ex libris and the physician.

PMID- 1091900
TI  - Enchancement of deficient pituitary response to luteinizing hormone releasing
      hormone in patients with primary amenorrhea.
AB  - Although the absence of pituitary response to the luteinizing hormone releasing
      hormone (LHRH) test has been considered proof of a lesion primarily localized at
      the pituitary level, the possibility exists that an absent pituitary response may
      represent only the effect of a chronic deficiency of hypothalamic secretion. To
      verify this hypothesis, 4 patients with primary amenorrhea, hypogonadotropic
      hypogonadism, and deficient or absent responses to a 25 mug LHRH rapid IV test
      were treated with 400 mug LHRH infused in 7 hours during each of 3 successive
      days. The finding that patients with deficient LH responses to a rapid LHRH test
      became normally responsive to a second equivalent test after a slow and prolonged
      treatment with the decapeptide suggests that, in these patients, besides a lesion
      at the pituitary level, a primary defect at the hypothalamic or higher centers
      may also be suspected.

PMID- 1091902
TI  - Cataract surgery in the course of the centuries.

PMID- 1091903
TI  - Keratoplasty in combined fuchs' corneal dystrophy.

PMID- 1091904
TI  - [The graphic test "the enchanted family" and its application in educational
      counselling and paediatric clinics (author's transl)].
AB  - Projectional tests using pictures, drawings, story-telling and puppets induce
      children to exhibit their conflicts within the family. Among such drawing tests,
      "The Enchanted Family" asks the child to put the members of a family under the
      spell of a magician, without any limits being set on the child's imagination in
      the choice of objects to be drawn. The psychological content is then underlined
      by the child telling a story about the casting of the spell. Four thousand
      children and juveniles, of which 1562 had behavioural disturbances or were
      neurotically or psychosomatically ill, were examined with this test and 1225 of
      these were statistically evaluated for the formal aspects of their drawings. A
      group of healthy school children were evaluated as controls. In addition to the
      formal results, the depth-psychological results of the tests offered valuable
      pointers to the individual conflict situations of the test subjects, in
      particular in relation to the relationships within the family, the projections
      and identifications in "key situations" of the neurotic family behaviour
      patterns. This was demonstrated in individual case studies. The symbolism in the
      choice of animals receives specific interpretation. The use of this test in
      educational advisory practice and psychotherapy is recommended.

PMID- 1091905
TI  - The choice of intravenous fluid in shock resuscitation.

PMID- 1091906
TI  - Intravascular microaggregation and the respiratory distress syndromes.

PMID- 1091907
TI  - Birth trauma.

PMID- 1091908
TI  - Early management of pediatric head injury. Physiologic aspects.

PMID- 1091909
TI  - Infantile subdural hematomas.

PMID- 1091910
TI  - Skin and soft tissue injuries of the hand in children.
AB  - Three pediatric hand injury subtypes and their management have been presented.
      Finger tip injuries, while often minor and self-healing in children, may require
      surgical repair if the nailbed is disrupted or if there has been significant skin
      or pad loss from the tip. The decision between local repair and skin graft or
      pedicle reconstruction depends on the nature and extent of the injury. Multiple
      digit injuries should be carefully evaluated and manged with a view toward
      retention of digit length and restoration of function. Immediate closure of all
      wounds, while desirable, is not necessary. Minor hand burns are quite easily
      managed but burn injuries more severe in extent and/or depth must be treated with
      careful attention to detail. Splinting and elevation of the hand, early
      incisional decompression, the institution of early and diligent active motion and
      expeditious wound closure with skin grafts where full thickness loss has occurred
      will hasten the time of healing, minimize deformity and assist in the recovery of
      normal hand function.

PMID- 1091911
TI  - A review: new thoughts on growth.
AB  - There is a critical point in development when the size of an animal, arising from
      its previous plane of nutrition, determines its appetite thereafter, and hence
      its rate of growth and dimensions at maturity. A small size at this critical
      time, brought about by undernutrition, is not followed by "catch-up" growth,
      however liberal the diet. A full diet produces catch-up growth only if the
      undernutrition, whatever its cause, has occurred after this critical period is
      over. It can, moreover, only restore a young animal to its percentile channel of
      growth, and its ability to do this after long periods of undernutrition becomes
      progressively limited by the animals chronologic age when the catch-up growth
      became possible.

PMID- 1091913
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Stanislaw Roszak].

PMID- 1091912
TI  - [Clinical and therapeutic peculiarities in cerebrospinal meningitis in newborn
      infants].

PMID- 1091914
TI  - [Determination of intracapillary HbO2 saturation with a cryo-microphotometric
      method, applied to the rabbit myocardium (author's transl)].
AB  - We succeeded in determining the O2 saturation of Hb in capillaries of the rabbit
      myocardium with a cryo-microphotometric method. Myocardial samples (2-3 mm) were
      removed in situ with a pair of nitrogin-cooled copper tongs, and rapidly frozen
      in Freon 13. The samples were sectioned into 10-12 mum slices in a cryotome at
      about minus 60 degrees C. Hemoglobin absorption spectra were measured on the
      capillary sections of the frozen slices at minus 100 degrees C in a vacumm
      isolated microscope cooling chamber which we developed for the UMSP 1 (C. Zeiss,
      Oberkochen). The spectra were subdivided into three basic components (oxygenated
      Hb, desoxygenated Gb, and desoxygenated dehydrated Hb) with a weighted multi
      component analysis (Lubbers and Wodick, 1969). The basic components were measured
      in Hb solutions. The accuracy of the method was tested both with Hb solutions
      inserted into glass capillaries, and Hb droplets. O2 saturations of the Hb
      solutions were measured at room temperature. Subsequently, both test solutions
      were frozen, HbO2 saturation measured in the glass capillaries at low
      temperatures agreed well with those recorded at room temperature. HbO2 saturation
      of the sectioned hemoglobin droplets was found to be systematically increased
      with low Hb32 saturations as compared with the records made at room temperature.
      The systematic error was determined and the intracapillary HbO2 saturations were
      corrected accordingly. Measurements on samples of the rabbit myocardium showed
      that the histogram of capillary HbO2 saturations has a maximum at saturations of
      20-30%. The lowest saturation values were found to be between 0 and 10%, but
      these values were recorded less frequently. The arterial HbO2 saturation in the
      femoral artery was about 98%.

PMID- 1091915
TI  - Study of the role of the acceptor stem in the interactions between tRNAs and
      aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.
AB  - Several studies have clearly demonstrated that the end of the acceptor stem was a
      very important area determining the aminoacylation properties of tRNAs. However
      the attempts to measure the contribution of this region to the binding of tRNAs
      to aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have led to contradictory results. We report here
      the stepwise degradation of yeast tRNA-Phe and tRNA-Val from their 3' terminus,
      up to the seventh nucleotide : the affinity of each of the degraded-tRNA for
      their cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase was compared to that of intact tRNA and
      it was found that these affinities are not significantly decreased when compared
      to those of the intact tRNAs.

PMID- 1091916
TI  - In vivo and in vitro effects of rifampicin and streptolydigin on transcription of
      Kluyveromyces lactis in the presence of nystatin.
AB  - Rifampicin and streptolydigin, if used in conjunction with nystatin, depress the
      growth of Kluyveromyces lactis. The incorporation of labeled leucine into protein
      is inhibited by nystatin whereas the incorporation of labeled uracil into RNA is
      inhibited by rifampicin in nystatin-treated cells. In order to study the
      mechanism of inhibition of RNA synthesis we purified by DEAE-Sephadex column
      chromatography four forms of RNA polymerase from K.lactis cells. The general
      properties of these enyzmes are similar to those of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and
      of other eukaryotic RNA polymerases. In particular, enzymes IA, IB and III are
      more active with poly[d(A-T)] template and Mn-2+ than with native or denatured
      calf thymus DNA. Enzyme II shows optimal activity with denatured calf thymus DNA
      and Mn2+. When challenged with native calf thymus DNA all enzymes prefer Mg-2+ as
      a divalent cation whereas with denatured calf thymus DNA all enzymes are more
      active with Mn-2+. Enzyme II is inhibited by lambda-amanitin but no enzyme is
      sensitive to rifampicin and streptolydigin. The inhibition of growth and uracil
      uptake observed when rifampicin is added to nystatin treated cells is probably
      not caused by a specific inhibition of transcription.

PMID- 1091917
TI  - Synthesis of pppGpN type dinucleotide derivatives: the 5' end sequence of some
      RNAs.
AB  - A rapid and simple synthesis of pppGpN type /N equals C, U or A/ diribonucleotide
      derivatives is described by coupling guanosine 2', 3'-cyclic phosphate 5'
      triphosphate with the appropriate ribonucleoside in the presence of ribonuclease
      T-1.

PMID- 1091918
TI  - Primary sequence of the 16S ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Recent progress in the nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA from
      E. coli is described. The sequence which has been partially or completely
      determined so far encompasses 1520 nucleotides, i.e. about 95% of the molecule.
      Possible features of the secondary structure are suggested on the basis of the
      nucleotide sequence and data on sequence heterogeneities, repetitions and the
      location of modified nucleotides are presented. In the accompanying paper, the
      use of the nucleotide sequence data in studies of the ribosomal protein binding
      sites is described.

PMID- 1091919
TI  - Location and characteristics of ribosomal protein binding sites in the 16S RNA of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Specific binding sites for five proteins of the Escherichia coli 30S ribosomal
      subunit have been located within the 16S RNA. The sites are structurally diverse
      and range in size from 40 to 500 nucleotides; their functional integrity appears
      to depend upon both the secondary structure and conformation of the RNA molecule.
      Evidence is presented which indicates that additional proteins interact with the
      RNA at later stages of subunit assembly.

PMID- 1091920
TI  - Home health agencies and community nursing services accredited by NLN/APHA April
      1975.

PMID- 1091921
TI  - [Hemagglutinin occurrence in serum of healthy adults in relation to polyvalent
      antigen (PA) prepared from nephropathogenic strains of E. coli].

PMID- 1091922
TI  - [On the 50th anniversary of Walery Jaworski's death].

PMID- 1091923
TI  - The second wave. A reexamination of computers in medicine.

PMID- 1091924
TI  - Interpreting cardiac catheterization data. Part 2.
AB  - Data obtained by cardiac catheterization, properly interpreted, are an extremely
      useful supplement to information obtained from the medical history, physical
      examination, electrocardiography, chest x-ray examination, and other noninvasive
      diagnostic techniques. Elevations of pressure in the cardiac chambers and great
      vessels and corresponding patterns of pressure curves are discerned in the
      presence of various pathologic conditions affecting the heart. Blood samples are
      taken during cardiac catheterization for measurement of cardiac output and to
      detect intracardiac shunting. Attempts have been made to estimate the magnitude
      of shunts from abnormal dye-dilution curves. Exercise stress is often used during
      cardiac catheterization to evaluate overall cardiovascular performance.
      Angiocardiography gives a permanent graphic record of structural abnormalities.
      Myocardial lactate metabolism provides a means of evaluating the adequacy of
      coronary blood flow.

PMID- 1091925
TI  - Problems of aging: sex in the aging.
AB  - For the aged and aging of today, sex is not taboo. With the change in attitudes
      of younger people toward sex, the elderly are now seeking enrichment of their
      lives through continued sexual experience. Physicians with knowledge of the
      physiologic, endocrinologic, and sociologic aspects of sexuality can help to
      relieve the loneliness and isolation of older people by giving appropriate
      encouragement and counsel.

PMID- 1091926
TI  - Evidence for binding protein-independent substrate translocation by the
      methylgalactoside transport system of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - Three genes, mgl A, B, and C, are required for active transport of substrate by
      the methylgalactose permease of E. coli K12. We report here that only two of
      these genes are required for substrate translocation, as seen by the ability or
      inability of isogenic mgl mutants (referred to as Tra+ and Tra minus,
      respectively) to grow on methyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside, supplied as sole carbon
      source. Individual mutants of both the Tra+ and Tra minus classes exhibited no
      detectable intracellular accumulation of methyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside; thus,
      the Tra+ phenotype cannot be explained by the mutants' levels of residual active
      transport. The phosphotransferase (Pts), the beta-galactoside (LacY), and the
      arabinose (Ara E and Ara F) transport systems are not required for substrate
      translocation by Tra+ cells. The Tra+ phenotype was identified with mutants
      defective in the mgl B, locus of the galactose-binding protein, by genetic
      complementation; the Tra minus phenotype was observed with both mgl A and mgl C
      mutants. The conclusion that the galactose-binding protein is not required for
      substrate translocation was supported by direct assays of the mgl mutants'
      binding protein activity. Mutants capable of translocation all showed reduced
      galactose-binding protein activity; mutants incapable of translocation exhibited
      binding protein activity equal to that of the mgl+ parent.

PMID- 1091927
TI  - Methionine and formylmethionine specific tRNAs coded by bacteriophage T5.
AB  - By RNA-DNA hybridization, as well as chemical and chromatographic analysis,
      evidence is provided that the bacteriophage T5 codes for the synthesis of two
      isoacceptor methionine transfer RNA species, tRNA-Met and tRNA-f-Met. Because of
      the differences in chromatographic properties of T5 phage and host methionine
      tRNAs, the phage tRNA species are readily distinguishable.

PMID- 1091928
TI  - Nature of R-factor replication in the presence of chloramphenicol.
AB  - Covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid molecules of RSF1030, a
      nonconjugative R-factor, initiate and complete rounds of semiconservative
      replication in the absence of protein synthesis long after the bacterial
      chromosome has ceased its replication. RSF1030 replication under these conditions
      is sensitive to the inhibitor of ribonucleic acid synthesis, rifampicin. The
      product of this replication, a covalently closed DNA molecule, shows, in contrast
      to those molecules produced during the replication in a logarithmically growing
      culture of Escherichia coli, a transition to the open circular form upon
      treatment with ribonucleases of alkali. Analysis of the product resulting from
      alkali treatment indicates that there is a single break in one strand of the
      original circular duplex. This alkali-sensitive site occurs with equal
      probability in either of the complementary strands. These results are interpreted
      as a requirement for an RNA primer for the initiation of RSF1030 DNA synthesis
      and as showing that its removal from the covalently closed molecule is inhibited
      in the absence of protein synthesis.

PMID- 1091929
TI  - Spectator-ion effect on the passage of ions through membranes.
AB  - In this paper, we investigate the interplay between geometric and dielectric
      factors in influencing the image force acting on an ion passing through a
      membrane, for a system having the approximate dimensions of Escherichia coli. We
      also study the effect of one ion in a membrane on the passage of a second ion
      through the membrane, by calculating the radial and angular forces experienced by
      the second ion due to the presence of the "spectator ion." Our conclusions follow
      from numerical studies on expressions obtained by solving (exactly) Laplace's
      equation for the model assumed in this paper. The conclusions are: (i) small
      changes in the dielectric constant of the membrane are far more significant in
      determining the image force acting on an ion in a membrane than dramatic changes
      in the dielectric character of the regions interior and/or exterior to the cell;
      (ii) a spectator ion in a membrane situated near a boundary may influence in a
      significant way the passage of a second ion through the middle third of the
      membrane. We suggest that this latter result should be taken into account in
      discussing the mechanism of ion migration across membranes.

PMID- 1091930
TI  - Mutations simultaneously affecting endonuclease II and exonuclease III in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - We studied mutants of E. coli originally identified as being deficient in either
      endonuclease II (deoxyribonucleate oligonucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.30) or
      exonuclease III [deoxyribonucleate (double-stranded) 5'-nucleotidohydrolase, EC
      3.1.4.27] activity. Twelve independently derived mutants were tested, including
      three new endonuclease II mutants. Deficiency of one enzyme was always
      accompanied by deficiency of the other. Furthermore, temperature-sensitivity of
      one activity was always accompanied by temperature-sensitivity of the other, and
      the enzymes were co-purified. The results suggested a physical association
      between exonuclease III and endonuclease II, which may be of advantage in the
      excision-repair of DNA. A thermolabile endonuclease II was purified from one of
      the new mutants, indicating that it had an altered structural gene. This
      mutation, and all similar ones mapped by genetic transduction, was located
      between the pncA and aroD genes on the E. coli chromosome. One mutant had a
      prolonged generation time, an increased sensitivity to the alkylating agents
      methyl-methanesulfonate and mitomycin C, and a decreased plating efficiency for
      bacteriophage lambda, but no marked sensitivity to ultraviolet or gamma
      irradiation. Its enzymatic and biological abnormalities were simultaneously
      revertible, suggesting they were caused by a single mutation. These results
      suggested a role for these enzymes in normal cell growth processes and in the
      repair of alkylation damage.

PMID- 1091931
TI  - Quantitation of the sensory response in bacterial chemotaxis.
AB  - A quantitative assay for the stimulus-response relationship in bacterial
      chemotaxis has been developed by measurement of tumble frequency. Application of
      the assay has shown an additive relationship between changes in receptor
      occupancy and recovery times. Tumble suppression is related to the change in
      receptor occupancy and not to its rate of change. The results can be explained in
      terms of varying levels of a tumble regulator.

PMID- 1091932
TI  - Preferential and cooperative binding of histone I to chromosomal mammalian DNA.
AB  - There is a strong preferential binding of histone I to lymphocyte DNA as compared
      to Escherichia coli DNA when large DNA fragments (2 times 10-6 daltons) are used.
      The binding of histone I to lymphocyte DNA and to E. coli DNA is cooperative. The
      distribution of preferential binding sites has been investigated on fragmented
      DNA. Most of the 2 times 10-6 dalton fragments were found to have at least one
      preferential histone I binding site, whereas most of the 2 times 10-5 dalton
      fragments have none.

PMID- 1091933
TI  - Immunosuppression in vitro induced by leukemia virus-infected splenocytes
      (38544).
AB  - Immunization of dispersed spleen cells from normal mice in vitro with SRBC was
      suppressed by simultaneous incubation of the spleen cell cultures with
      splenocytes from mice previously infected with FLV. Cell-free virus preparations
      alone did not suppress the antibody response. In contrast, relatively small
      numbers of splenocytes from infected mice, even when present at a ratio of 1-500
      normal spleen cells, significantly suppressed the in vitro immune response to
      SRBC. Viable leukemic splenocytes were necessary for immunosuppression although
      the leukemic cells did not have to be in direct contact with the normal spleen
      cells. Specific anti-FLV serum, when added to the leukemic splenocytes or to
      normal spleen cells separated from infected cells by cell-impermeable membranes,
      prevented immunodepression.

PMID- 1091934
TI  - Effect of a long-acting estrogen on the pituitary response to LH-releasing
      hormone (38582).
AB  - The effect of Quinestrol, an estrogenic substance of long-lasting activity, on
      the pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH was studied in ovariectomized rats. 
      Quinestrol administered as a single 200 pg-dose significantly augmented the
      pituitary response to LH-RH 36 hr, 9 days, and although not significantly, also
      at 24 days after its oral administration.  No effect could be detected 36 days
      after its administration.  At a 20 pg-dose Quinestrol significantly augmented the
      pituitary response to LH-RH only at the 36 hr-period studied, this effect not
      being apparent in later time periods.

PMID- 1091935
TI  - An in vivo study of an antimicrobial mouth rinse on supragingival and subgingival
      plaque and calculus formation.
AB  - An antibiotic mouth rinse (CC10232) was used twice a day for one week in human
      subjects in a supervised double blind clinical and histological study. Nylon
      strips were placed supra and subgingivally for one week and then sectioned,
      stained and examined. Results showed that the rinse containing CC-10232 reduced
      the amount of plaque and reduced the amount of mineralization in 4 of 5
      subjects.Also, no spirochetes were found in subjects who utilized this rinse.

PMID- 1091936
TI  - Philip Bard 1898-.

PMID- 1091937
TI  - Peter F. Curran (1931-1974). The man and his mark.

PMID- 1091938
TI  - [To the 60 th. birthday of Prof. Frantisek Santavy].

PMID- 1091939
TI  - A comparison of circling models for the detection of antiparkinson activity.
AB  - Apomorphine, d-amphetamine, methylphenidate, nomifensine, ET495 and amantadine
      each induced a dose-dependent stereotyped behaviour in the rat. L-Dopa was
      inactive in the absence of any pretreatment. The behaviour induced by
      apomorphine, methylphenidate, nomifensine and amantadine persisted following
      pretreatment with a-methylparatyrosine. However, only the effect of apomorphine
      developed following combined pretreatment with reserpine/a-methylparatyrosine.
      The effects of all stereotypic agents were inhibited by haloperidol, apomorphine,
      methylphenidate and nomifensine being most resistant. All agents, including L
      Dopa, induced a dose-dependent contralateral circling behaviour in animals with
      asymmetric lesion of the medial raphe nucleus and a dose-dependent ipsilateral
      circling after unilateral lesion of the substantia nigra. Following unilateral
      lesions in the ventromedial area of the medial forebrain bundle (medial to the
      substantia nigra and carrying 5-hydroxytryptamine neurones) amphetamine caused an
      ipsilateral circling behaviour, amantadine a behaviour which was characterised by
      definite bursts in either direction, and all other agents caused contralateral
      circling.

PMID- 1091940
TI  - Propranolol in the treatment of opiate dependence -- a controlled study.
AB  - Two doublebling placebo controlled experiments designed to elucidate the alleged
      narcotic blocking effect of propranolol wer performed. In the first experiment,
      propranolol 40 mg or 20 mg was given together with methadone during the acute
      withdrawal phase of opiate addiction. The second experiment assessed whether 10
      mg of propranolol, given 2 hrs before 30 mg of morphine i.v., reduced the
      euphoric effects of the latter drug. In none of the experiments could narcotic
      blocking effects be detected. The group receiving 40 mg propranolol during
      detoxification exhibited the highest proportion of patients staying for the whole
      prescribed detoxification period.

PMID- 1091941
TI  - In memoriam. I. Arthur Mirsky, MD, 1907-1974.

PMID- 1091943
TI  - Penfluridol: once-a-week oral maintenance neuroleptic in the management of
      chronic schizophrenics.

PMID- 1091942
TI  - Alcohol and affect in dyadic social interaction.
AB  - The effects of alcohol on emotional behavior during social interaction were
      studied in an experiment utilizing unstructured discussions between male-female
      couples. All subjects participated in an alcohol (1.0 ml/kg) and placebo session,
      and a small number took part in a third higher dose session (1.5 ml/kg).
      Quantitative and qualitative ratings of affect were made from the recorded
      interactions. Alcohol produced significant increases in the affects of elation-
      giddiness and happiness--and an overall increase in total emotional expression.
      Only some aspects of anxiety were affected by alcohol. Hostility and
      aggressiveness were not increased on two quantitative measures but showed a
      significant increase on qualitative scores in the low dose session. Although
      there was no consistent relationship between blood alcohol level and emotional
      response , drinking history significantly altered emotional response to alcohol
      (tolerance effects). The euphoric effects of alcohol that we found are discussed
      in terms of the unique aspects of the experimental situation employed. Some
      important variable are delineated that may influence responses to alcohol.

PMID- 1091944
TI  - Treatment of dehiscent canals in an edentulous mandible.

PMID- 1091945
TI  - X-ray sensitivity of the preimplantation mouse embryo in vitro.

PMID- 1091946
TI  - [View of the past: Roentgenography of an Egyptian mummy].
AB  - Report concerning roentgenographic examinations of an Egyptian mummy dating back
      to 900 B.C. from the "Museum fur Volkerkunde Freiburg/Breisgau". The study was
      performed to detect funeral gifts which can be found otherwise only if the linnen
      bandage of the mummy is destroyed. Extraordinary findings were degenerative
      osteoarthritis of the spine and joints, pseudo-gout, marked caries of several
      teeth and signs for a healed occipital osteomyelitis. Suggestions are discussed
      about a particular compression of thorax and pelvis which is apparently due to
      the technique of bandaging. This was not observed in examinations of other
      mummies. Fractures of the first to third phalanges suggest forceful removal of
      precious rings. A circular-shaped opening in the parietal bone and a small
      radiodense foreign body which projects over the pharynx remain unexplained.

PMID- 1091947
TI  - Lipid metabolism and membrane functions of the mammary gland.

PMID- 1091948
TI  - [Dialysis and transplantation, spectacular therapy, but not enough].

PMID- 1091949
TI  - [Reinier de Graaf, the history of medicine and dentistry of his time].

PMID- 1091950
TI  - [Cyrus Fay (1888-1975)].

PMID- 1091951
TI  - [Applications of radioimmunoassay to gastrin].

PMID- 1091952
TI  - [Determination of HL-A haplotypes and evolution of renal transplantation].

PMID- 1091953
TI  - [Decompresive gastrostomy. Our experience].

PMID- 1091954
TI  - The effects of plumbous ion on protein biosynthesis in reticulocytes.
AB  - Plumbous ion a potent inhibitor of hemoglobin synthesis by reticulocytes in vivo,
      is not as effective in inhibiting in vitro globin synthesizing systems prepared
      from these cells. The reticulocyte is considerably more sensitive to Pb2+ than
      are leukemic leukocytes, HeLa cells or bacteria. In fact, protein synthesis in
      leukemic leukocytes is actually stimulated by Pb2+. The synthesis of non-heme
      protein as well as hemoglobin is inhibited by Pb2+ in reticulocytes and the
      synthesis of alpha chains is inhibited to a greater degree tcids into
      reticulocytes. All of these observations are consistent with the biosynthesis of
      heme rather than any of the steps in protein biosynthesis being the locus for
      inhibition of hemoglobin synthesis by low levels of plumbous ion. Also, there is
      marked biological variations in the susceptibilities of reticulocytes from
      different rabbits to Pb2+.

PMID- 1091955
TI  - [Franklin de Moura Campos 1896-1962].

PMID- 1091956
TI  - [The periovular reaction with immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of
      schistosomiasis mansonica].

PMID- 1091957
TI  - Cryopreservation of Trypansoma rangeli infective stages from experimentally
      infected Rhodnius ecuadoriensis.

PMID- 1091958
TI  - [Demonstration of chloroquine diphosphate resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
      strains naturally infecting man in an area of the Bolivar State, Venezuela].

PMID- 1091959
TI  - Comparison of two steroid preparations used to treat tennis elbow, using the
      hypospray.
AB  - Methyl prednisolone acetate and hydrocortisone acetate were compared in a trial
      using the Hypospray to treat tennis elbow. There was little difference between
      the two preparations as far as side-effects and short-term suppression of
      symptoms were concerned, both being successful. However, late recurrence was very
      common in both groups, suggesting that a reappraisal of local steroid in this
      condition is needed.

PMID- 1091960
TI  - Thoracic duct drainage: current status.

PMID- 1091961
TI  - [Students of the Prague Medical Faculty in the 18th and 19th century and their
      social origin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1091962
TI  - A comparison of stable and 3H- labelled polyethylene glycol 4000 as non
      absorbable water phase markers in the human ileum and faeces.
AB  - Polyethylene glycol  4000 (PEG plus 3H-PEG) was used as volume indicator during
      ileal perfusion in man. Faeces, urine, ileal infusates, and aspirates were
      investigated. Turbidimetrical assay and liquid scintillation counting (in the
      faeces radioassay was done after conbustion) yielded similar estimates of water
      absorption and secretion. Tracer amounts of 3H were found in the urine,
      indicating a minimal absorption. The simplicity of 3H radioassay and the
      reliability of 3H-PEG as a non-absorbable water phase marker is emphasized.

PMID- 1091963
TI  - Studies of gastrointestinal interactions. VII. Characteristics of the absorption
      pattern of sugar, fat and protein from composite meals in man. A quantitative
      study.
AB  - The absorption of sugar, fat, and protein after feeding two meals, differing in
      their content of glucose, was investigated in 7 healthy subjects, in double
      experiments with the multiple indicator dilution method. An average of 75% of the
      emptied amounts of sugar and 80% of the emptied fat and protein was absorbed
      during transit of the proximal 70 cm of the intestine. Differences in the
      absorption pattern between the meals were recorded, resulting from their
      different intragastric behaviour and gastric emptying pattern. Within the first
      hour significantly higher amounts of fat and protein were absorbed after the
      glucose-free than after the glucose-containing meal, whereas from the latter most
      of the glucose was absorbed early after ingestion. The absorptive capacity of the
      investigated segment was not exceeded for any component of the meals, owing to
      compensatory mechanisms by which the gastric emptying rate was inhibited and the
      transit time through the segment prolonged. The efficiency of sugar absorption
      was related to the transit time through the segment, in that a constant fraction
      was eliminated from the intestinal lumen per minute increase of the mean transit
      time. The net endogenous contribution of protein and fat at the exit of the
      segment amounted to an average of 3.0 g protein and 1.2 g fat during 3 hours.

PMID- 1091964
TI  - In vitro pathogenetic studies of coeliac disease. Effects of protein digests on
      coeliac intestinal biopsy specimens maintained in culture for 48 hours.
AB  - Jos, J., Lenoir, G., de Ritis, G. & Rey, J. In vitro pathogenetic studies of
      coeliac disease. Effects of protein digests on coeliac intestinal biopsy
      specimens maintained in culture for 48 hours. Scand. J. Gastroent. 1975, 10, 121
      128. Intestinal biopsies from controls and from children with treated or
      untreated coeliac disease were cultured for 48 hours in the presence or absence
      of various peptic-tryptic (P.T.) or peptic-tryptic-chymotryptic (P.T.C.) digests
      of gliadin and casein, using a modified organ culture method. In flat biopsy
      specimens obtained from children with active coeliac disease and maintained in
      culture in the presence of P.T. or P.T.C. digests of gliadin, whether autoclaved
      or not, a cytotoxic effect was obvious; but this effect was in part unspecific,
      since P.T. digests of casein were also slightly noxious in such experimental
      conditions. Biopsies from controls or from children with coeliac disease in
      remission were not affected by the presence in culture medium of casein or
      gliadin digests, whereas coeliac biopsies, also obtained from patients in
      remission but after gluten challenge, were specifically injured during culture
      with gliadin peptides. On the other hand, a thorough P.T.C. hydrolysis of gliadin
      abolished all its in vitro noxious effects, suggesting that its toxicity is
      related to a relatively large peptide.

PMID- 1091965
TI  - Acetylsalicylic acid and gastrointestinal bleeding measurement of blood loss
      using a modified radioactive chromium method.
AB  - A comparative study of the gastrointestinal blood loss during intake of a new
      buffered acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) preparation and plain ASA tablets has been
      performed. A modified radioactive chromium method was used. The 51Cr activity was
      considerably less than that used in previous methods, and no feces homogenization
      was necessary. The study was performed in 18 volunteers using a randomized
      crossover design. A significant reduction in gastrointestinal bleeding was
      registered during ingestion of the buffered ASA in comparison with the plain ASA
      tablets.

PMID- 1091966
TI  - Effects of 13-nle-motilin in man--inhibition of gastric evacuation and
      stimulation of pepsin secretion.
AB  - In 3 healthy male volunteers, graded doses of 13-norleucine-motilin (13-nle
      motilin)--synthetic analogue of motilin and biologically equivalent to the
      natural polypeptide--were given intravenously on separate days. Gastric emptying,
      as determined by means of a radioisotope method, was slowed down dose-dependently
      by increasing doses of 13-nle-motilin. This was indicated by increasing "half
      lives" and "starting indices" of the gastric emptying process, and by decreasing
      pyloric loss rates, respectively. The gastric pepsin output rose markedly from
      the basal level during intravenous infusion of 13-nle-motilin.

PMID- 1091967
TI  - Gastric secretory inhibition by two 16-methylated analogs of prostaglandin E2
      given intragastrically to patients with duodenal ulcer disease.
AB  - The effects of two methylated analogs of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), namely 16,16
      dimethyl PGE2 and its methyl ester, on gastric acid and pepsin secretion have
      been studied in 5 ulcer patients. Both analogs produced significant inhibition of
      acid secretion in a dose-dependent fashion, but the effect was less pronounced
      than the inhibition found in a group of healthy volunteers, and it was necessary
      to give 140 mug of each analog to reach about the ED50. The mean values of pepsin
      output and pepsin concentration were decreased following administration of PGE2,
      but the individual results varied.

PMID- 1091969
TI  - [Treatment of psoriasis with an orally administered effective new vitamin A acid
      derivative. Preliminary report].
AB  - The retinoic acid derivative Ro 10-9359 has been tested in 24 patients with
      psoriasis. In all patients the therapeutic activity was good to excellent. The
      symptoms of the hypervitaminosis A syndrome were slight to marked. The ratio
      between the therapeutic effectiveness and the side effects was favourable only in
      cases with severe psoriasis.

PMID- 1091968
TI  - Needle-like crystals in plasma cells in a patient with a plasma cell
      proliferative disorder.
AB  - A patient with a plasma cell proliferative disorder and a monoclonal IgG-kappa
      protein in the serum was observed over a period of four years. Two unusual
      features were seen in this patient: (1) An apparently benign course in spite of
      relatively large and slowly increasing amounts of Bence Jones protein (monoclonal
      kappa light chains) in the urine, and (2) crystalline structures located outside
      the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum in a large number of bone marrow
      plasma cells. The crystals, which ultrastructurally appeared to be composed of
      protein material, were not stained by immunofluorescent antisera to
      immunoglobulins. They were, however, observed only in cells staining for gamma
      heavy and kappa light chains. This suggest an association between the crystalline
      structures and the synthesis of monoclonal immunoglobulin proteins.

PMID- 1091970
TI  - [Leukocyte transfusion. An overview].
AB  - Today the increased risk of infection in patients with transient severe
      neutropenia can be reduced effectively by three different
      approaches:1.gnotobiotic patient isolation with whole body decontamination by non
      resorbable antibiotics;2. treatment of documented or suspected infection with a
      conbination of bactericidal antibiotics and/or antimycotics; 3. granulocyte
      transfusions in the case of life-threatening antibiotic-resistant infections.
      This third therapeutic approach against severe resistant infection is proving
      increasingly effective and cannot at present be replaced by different therapeutic
      measures. The efficiency of granulocyte transfusions depends on: 1. substitution
      of at least 1 X 10-10 granulocytes per transfusions; 2. repeated transfusions of
      granulocytes within several consecutive days in the event of only partial
      success; 3. the transfused granulocytes should not be immediately destroyed in
      the recipient by preformed antibodies, a factor which makes donor-recipient
      selection a vital part of the granulocyte replacement program. Severe
      complications of granulocyte transfusion can be minimized by slow application of
      the transfused cells. The required number of at least 1 X 10-10 granulocytes for
      effective transfusion can be collected without significant risk from healthy
      donors by means of either the "continuous flow centrifuge" (CFC) or the technique
      of "filtration leukapheresis' (FL). Filtration leukapheresis offers the advantage
      of a simple collection procedure and much lower cost, coupled with the same
      numerical and functional effectiveness of cell collection and therapeutic
      results. Since after transfusion vital granulocytes accumulate in the marginal
      neutrophil pool, recording of the "post-transfusion increment" is not an accurate
      parameter of transfusion effectiveness. There is marked accumulation of
      transfused granulocytes in areas of infection.

PMID- 1091971
TI  - Distinguished surgeons--a personal view.

PMID- 1091972
TI  - The National Science Foundation: origins, hopes, and aspirations.

PMID- 1091973
TI  - A Foundation for research.

PMID- 1091974
TI  - The histocompatibility antigen (HL-A 27) and disease.

PMID- 1091975
TI  - Disorders of hemostatic function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - A wide spectrum of hemostatic abnormalities is found in patients with SLE.
      Thrombocytopenia and qualitative platelet disorder (impaired aggregation to
      collagen) are probably both due to antiplatelet antibodies, which can be found in
      most patients with the disease. About 10% of patients with SLE have a circulating
      anticoagulant. These circulating anticoagulants are broadly heterogeneous.
      Although most reported cases act at the level of the prothrombin converting
      complex, 15 of the 74 cases here reviewed had other points of action. The
      anticoagulants are probably all antibodies; they differ (with rare exceptions)
      from other naturally occurring circulating anticoagulants in having an immediate
      rather than a progressive effect, and in acting, not against pre-existing
      procoagulants, but against unstable complexes. An anticoagulant of the type found
      in SLE is only rarely observed in the absence of SLE; its presence in a patient
      is thus of some diagnostic importance. Hypoprothrombinemia is a common second
      lesion in patients with circulating anticoagulants. Its pathogenesis is obscure.
      Two patients with acquired von Willebrand's disease have been observed. All the
      hemostatic abnormalities found in SLE probably have immunologic bases; all
      respond to glucocorticoid treatment.

PMID- 1091976
TI  - Recent observations on central nervous system lupus erythematosus.
AB  - The recent literature on CNS-SLE has been reviewed. An improved prognosis is
      noted that is thought to be due to the use of high-dose corticosteroids. The
      frequencies of the various neurologic and psychiatric findings are discussed, and
      a distinction is noted between organic psychoses and functional psychiatric
      complaints. The question of corticosteroids versus cerebral vasculitis as the
      cause of the neuropsychiatric symptomatology in SLE is examined, and the
      necessity of clear psychiatric diagnosis and treatment is stressed. Recent
      observations on HL-A antigens, complement, immunoglobulins, virus, and
      immunocomplexes suggest that the latter are prominent in CNS-SLE, but that an
      infectious agent may be etiologic in the genesis of SLE. Fifty-four patients not
      previously reported are discussed. Thirty-eight of them had neuropsychiatric
      manifestations. The treatment of CNS-SLE with cytotoxic agents, in addition to
      corticosteroids, is considered, and the experience of the authors with such
      treatment is presented.

PMID- 1091977
TI  - The surface chemistry of bone mineral and related calcium phosphates.
AB  - A review of the surface chemistry of bone mineral, hydroxyapatite and amorphous
      calcium phosphate is presented. Small-angle x-ray scattering and low-temperature
      nitrogen adsorption measurements show the magnitude of bone mineral surface to
      range from 100-200 m-2/g; the synthetic hydroxyapatite surface can vary from 25
      200 m-2/g, while synthetic amorphous calcium phosphate ranges in surface from 20
      60 m-2/g, according to the respective preparation conditions. The magnitude of
      heats of adsorption of certain small molecules (CO, Ar, N2, H2O, CH3OH) on bone
      mineral and hydroxyapatite show that these are polarizing surfaces that form
      strong bonds with polar or polarizable molecules; water is hydrogen-bonded to
      these surfaces with energies ranging from 23 kcal/mole for low coverage to 11
      kcal/mole after two full monolayers; concomitantly, methanol ranges from 24
      kcal/mole to 9 kcal/mole after the adsorption of one and a half monolayers.
      Stearic acid will close-pack perpendicularly on bone apatite surfaces when
      adsorbed from cyclohexane solution in a way reminiscent of the adsorption of this
      long, straight-chain molecule on water surface. It is believed that these
      molecules are hydrogen-bonded to electronegative ions on the apatite surface.
      Synthetic hydroxyapatite has long been used in chromatographic adsorption columns
      because of the specific bonding capacity the surfaces have for certain proteins
      and polynucleotides. The metabolic interrelationship of bone mineral and the body
      fluids is in great part dependent upon the nature and magnitude of mineral
      surface. From the surface studies described herein it was suggested that a
      chemical linkage could exist in bone between the mineral surface and certain free
      polar groups of collagen.

PMID- 1091978
TI  - Primary peritonitis in adults.
AB  - Infection within the peritoneal cavity without an identifiable source of
      contamination is rare. The diagnosis is one of exclusion, and can be made with
      certainty only after a thorough laparotomy. The response to antibiotic therapy is
      usually prompt and gratifying.

PMID- 1091979
TI  - Surgical treatment for nonunion of the scaphoid.
AB  - Fracture of the scaphoid is the most common injury of the carpal bones. Most
      scaphoid fractures heal after immobilization. When the fracture does not unite,
      degenerative arthritic changes and disability may occur. Twenty-four symptomatic
      nonunions treated surgically were reviewed. Based on presence of union, percent
      of normal motion, and patients' symptoms, results were rated good in 19 cases and
      fair in five. Nine of ten patients treated with bone grafting and styloidectomy
      had union of fractures with good results. All five patients with bone grafting
      and internal fixation had union. Excision of proximal fragments of more than one
      third to one half of the scaphoid, and internal fixation alone, had
      unsatisfactory results. A styloidectomy should excise approximately one half of
      the radius articulating with the scaphoid. If not enough styloid is excised,
      osteophytic overgrowth will occur; if too much is excised, the carpus will sublux
      radially.

PMID- 1091980
TI  - Thalamotomy for psychopathic behavior.
AB  - Six patients characterized by psychopathic behavior were treated with lesions
      placed in the center median nucleus of the thalamus. There was marked improvement
      of the psychopathic behavior in five patients. One patient with unilateral
      thalamotomy was parqially improved. Four of the six patients have been productive
      and earn a living. The other two have been partially productive. There were no
      long-lasting postoperative complications after thalamotomy for psychopathic
      behavior. The various and hyperirritability, and previously have been
      collectively identified as the "hyperresponsive syndrome". The psychopathic
      behavior in these condition of the diencephalon.

PMID- 1091981
TI  - Physician's attitudes toward organ donation.

PMID- 1091982
TI  - Office diagnosis of streptococcal upper respiratory tract disease.

PMID- 1091983
TI  - Liver disease, phlegmonous colitis, and gram-negative sepsis.
AB  - Phlegmonous colitis, regarded as a terminal event in serious liver disease and
      hepatic coma, can also occur in reversible liver disease and can be the source of
      gram-negative sepsis. This paper presented such a case. Improved management of
      serious liver disease and hepatic coma should include consideration of colonic
      inflammation as another site of infection that must be treated to avoid
      complications of sepsis or peritonitis. Abdominal pain and loose or diarrheal
      stools should arouse a suspicion of the presence of phlegmonous colitis, and
      should be an indication for treating it and preventing sepsis.

PMID- 1091984
TI  - Officers--Southern Medical Association, 1974-1975.

PMID- 1091985
TI  - Immunofluorescent study of thyroglobulin during development of embryonic thyroid
      gland function.
AB  - The synthesis of the protein component of thyroglobulin was studies by the method
      of immunofluorescence in the thyroid glands of rat, guinea pig, chicken, and calf
      embryos. Diffuse specific fluorescence of the cytoplasm was observed in the
      prefollicular stage of thyroid gland differentiation. It was assumed that the
      specific fluorescence is due to low molecular weight precursors of thyroglobulin.
      During the formation of the follicles specific fluorescence is found at the
      apical poles of the cells and later it is concentrated at the cell-colloid
      boundary and in the follicular cavity. In calf fetuses in the second half of
      embryonic development specific fluorescence is observed in addition in the
      cytoplasm of the follicular cells.

PMID- 1091986
TI  - The development of embryological research in the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
      (On the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of the Academy).

PMID- 1091987
TI  - Academician Ivan Ivanovich Shmal'gauzen and hist contribution to the study of the
      principles of ontogeny.

PMID- 1091988
TI  - Aleksei Fedorovich Turdakov (1937-1973).

PMID- 1091989
TI  - Differentiation of Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia organisms.
AB  - Differentiation of 625 stains of bacteria which fulfilled the requirements laid
      down for the definition of the tribe Klebsielleae was carried out using 6
      biochemical tests. Five hundred and forty-six strains were identified as members
      of the genus Klebsiella, 46 of the genus Enterobacter and 33 of the genus
      Serratia.

PMID- 1091990
TI  - In memoriam Joshua (Sella) Hotz m.b. ch.b (cape town).

PMID- 1091991
TI  - Hermann Lochner de Villiers Hammann m.d. (Munich).

PMID- 1091992
TI  - Injuries to the skin of the male external genitalia in Southern Africa.
AB  - The more common injuries to the skin of the male external genital organs are
      described; some of these mutilations are unique to the African continent. The
      extent of trauma ranges from small penile skin defects after circumcision to
      complete avulsion of the skin of the penis and scrotum. The techniques of
      reconstruction are described.

PMID- 1091993
TI  - The prevention of postoperative deep vein thrombosis.
AB  - Numerous recent reports have appeared dealing with the prevention of
      postoperative deep vein thrombosis. Simple mechanical measures are inadequate,
      electrical stimulation has complications, but  the motorised foot mover and
      pneumatic compression appear effective. Drugs such as coumadin, aspirin and
      dipyridamole are ineffective, but dextran and sodium pentosan polysulphate appear
      to have a place. However, if the efficacy and safety of low-dose subcutaneous
      heparin is statistically confirmed in a multicentre trial, it may lead to the
      elimination of the morbidity and mortality of postoperative thrombo-embolism.

PMID- 1091994
TI  - Analgesic studies in osteo-arthritis.
AB  - Two studies on a total of 45 patients with chronic osteoarthritis using
      fenoprofen calcium are presented. Different methods using only subjective
      criteria (pain intensity scores and pain relief scores) are applied. Measurable
      analgesic qualities were demonstrated for fenoprofen, which is seen as a valuable
      addition to the drug therapy of osteo-arthritis.

PMID- 1091995
TI  - The cytochemical localization of phospholipase a and lysophospholipase in Candida
      albicans.

PMID- 1091996
TI  - Candid albicans associated with the gastrointestinal tract of the common pigeon
      (Columbia livia).
AB  - Candida albicans was cultured from the upper gastrointestinal tract of 44% and
      from the lower alimentary tract in 6% of 50 common pigeons (Columba livia).
      Thirty per cent of samples of pigeon droppings collected from different locations
      were positive for the yeast. The colony forming units for positive samples ranged
      from 2 times 10-2-2-8times 10-6 per g dry feces. The percentage of antigenic
      Groups A and B for the strains of C. albicans isolated was approximately the same
      as for strains isolated from human sources.

PMID- 1091997
TI  - Growth curves of the yeast-like form of Paracocidioides bradiliensis.
AB  - Growth curves of the yeast-like form of 4 strains of Paracoccidioides
      brasiliensis based on colony counts on GGY agar and on cell counts weree made.
      Mean generation times wer 17, 13 and 21 h. for 3 of the strains. The kinetics of
      growth for all strains showed that dead cells were present in approximately the
      same proportion as living cells in the initial inocula and their number increased
      through the exponential phase of growth at a similar rate as that of living
      cells. Viability counts made in 2-week old cultures of all strains were negative.
      It is suggested that during growth P. brasiliensis continuously diffuses a
      metabolite which is lethal to the fungus. Strains of Blastomyces dermatitidis and
      Histoplasma capsulatum were also sensitive to this lethal effects.

PMID- 1091998
TI  - Isolation of keratinophilic fungi from soil in Pavia, Italy.
AB  - The examination of keratinophilic fungi in 125 soil samples collected in Pavia,
      Italy revealed the following organism: Microsporum gypseum 23, M. vanbreuseghemii
      4, Arthroderma uncinatum 4, Ctenomyces serratus 5, Chrysosporium tropicum 5,
      unidentified gymnoascacean 1. Arthroderma uncinatum, M. gypseum, M.
      vanbreuseghemii were isolated from a city park and cultivated soils; C. tropicum,
      Ct. serratus and an unidentified gymnoascacean were found only in soils from
      natural woods. The distribution of the different species is discussed.

PMID- 1091999
TI  - The action of miconazole of the growth of Candida albicans.
AB  - The growth of Candida albicans was studied in control cultures and in the
      presence of miconazole or clotrimazole. Each drug prolonged the lag phase and
      reduced the total final population. Although miconazole, at the low
      concentrations used, was a less potent inhibitor than clotrimazole in the main
      logarithmic phase, it was more fungicidal. The antifungal activity of miconazole
      on C. albicans was inversely proportional to the number of cells inoculated in
      the media. The effects of miconazole on growth depended on the nutrients in the
      medium and were most pronouncedwhen it was added to cultures of C. albicans in
      the lag and main logarithmic phase of growth. The growth inhibitory effects of
      sub-fungicidal doses of micronazole (smaller than or equal to 10-6 M) on C.
      albicans seemed to be reversible.

PMID- 1092000
TI  - A re-evaluation of the effect of cysteine or Candida albicans.
AB  - The effect of cysteine on Candida albicans has been re-examined. Concentrations
      between 0-1 and 10-0 mM were tested on 12 isolates in yeast and hyphal form. The
      growth of both forms was inhibited by 10 mM cysteine. Though the rate of hyphal
      elongation was decreased there was no suppression of initiation of hyphal
      formation. All isolates showed a random variation in their general inhibitory
      response to cysteine. We found no support for the concept of cysteine-mediated
      from determination in rapidly growing C. albicans in submerged culture. High
      concentrations of cystiene cause a general inhibition of growth of C. albicans.

PMID- 1092002
TI  - Cardiothoracic surgery.

PMID- 1092001
TI  - Treatment of accelerated hypertension and end stage renal failure by bilateral
      nephrectomy and renal transplantation.
AB  - Accelerated hypertension with end stage renal failure not responsive to
      hemodialysis and ultrafiltration was an indication for bilateral nephrectomy in
      22 patients, five of whom required the procedure as an emergency. Normotension
      occurred in every patient after removal of the kidneys, but hypertension returned
      in 12 persons after renal transplantation. Five of these required long term
      antihypertensive medication, and in an additional seven, some form of diuretic
      was necessary. There were no distinguishing features among those patients in whom
      post-transplant hypertension developed from those in whom it did not. In spite of
      severe accelerated hypertension in the patient with well documented chronic renal
      disease, prompt nephrectomy and renal transplantation were compatible, with an 86
      per cent patient survival rate. Seventy-seven per cent of the kidneys functioned
      for an average of 29 months.

PMID- 1092003
TI  - Gastrointestinal and biliary conditions.

PMID- 1092004
TI  - Otolaryngology.

PMID- 1092005
TI  - Plastic surgery and burns.

PMID- 1092006
TI  - Shock and metabolism.

PMID- 1092007
TI  - Development of modern surgery.

PMID- 1092008
TI  - Physiologic and immunologic considerations of the lymphatic system in tumors and
      transplants.

PMID- 1092009
TI  - Fedor Krause, 1856-1937.

PMID- 1092010
TI  - Clinical trials, diabetic retinopathy and photocoagulation. A reanalysis of five
      studies.

PMID- 1092011
TI  - The Eye Department of the Medical School of the University of Strasbourg, 1919
      1945 (Camille Duverger, Georges Weill, Edmond Redslob).

PMID- 1092012
TI  - Sir William Bowman.

PMID- 1092013
TI  - Use of the axillary artery in complex cerebral revascularization.
AB  - Two cases of complex common carotid and innominate artery disease managed by
      axillocarotid autogenous saphenous vein bypass are presented, including a
      detailed description of the operative technique. The results in each case were
      gratifying. Although the concept of extra-anatomic repair is not new, this
      modification in operative technique expands the surgeon's armamentarium. The ease
      and safety of exposure and anastomosis of the axillary artery combine to make it
      the preferable donor vessel for extra-anatomic cerebral revascularization in the
      poor-risk, elderly patient population.

PMID- 1092014
TI  - The surgical amphitheatre, history of its origins, functions, and fate.
AB  - The Surgical Amphitheatre, patterned after the earlier model of Anatomists, came
      into being in the 17th century and served the purpose of teaching the anatomy of
      operation to surgeons, but without hospital connections. A great decline of
      student and visitor interest in viewing operations attended disappearance of the
      gambler's risk of operations, followed at the turn of this century by a lesser
      interest of medical students in attending surgical lectures, a circumstance that
      provoked consternation in the ranks of surgical teachers. The demise of the
      surgical amphitheatre as a suitable site for surgical teaching and viewing
      operations marked the beginnings of a gradual decline of influence of surgery in
      medical school faculties. Acceptance by reluctant surgeons of the inescapable
      microbiologic principle that silence of the entire Operating Team is mandatory,
      when operations are in process, will obviously erode further usefulness of the
      operating arena for instruction of medical students. Over the past decade, the
      current sharpened focus upon dispersion of medical care has served to de
      emphasize in our medical faculties the post-World War II stress upon research for
      medicine's advance. A gradual decrease of student interest in surgery has
      occasioned medical faculties to question the justification of continuing surgery
      as a major curricular discipline for undergraduate medical students. Surgeons
      need to cultivate the intimate teacher-student relationship reflected in the
      practices of Pierre Louis and William Osler. A critical reassessment by
      professors of surgery of their teaching responsibilities should serve to indicate
      to medical students and their faculties that surgery has much important and
      useful information to impart, and that their professors are ready, prepared, and
      anxious to meet the challenge.

PMID- 1092015
TI  - Experience with lymphoceles after renal transplantation.
AB  - Of 215 patients who underwent renal transplantations at the Mayo Clinic, six (2.8
      percent) developed perirenal lymphoceles. Diagnosis was made between 5 weeks and
      14 months after operation. In all six patients, renal function decreased and
      eventually a lower quadrant abdominal mass developed. Ipsilateral leg edema,
      fluid retention, and development of diastolic hypertension should also increase
      suspicion as to the possibility of lymph collection in the perirenal space.
      Excretory urography with tomography delineated the lymphocele in each instance; B
      scan ultrasound may be an additional valuable diagnostic tool. Drainage
      procedures readily restored normal renal function and, in one instance, drainage
      also restored the blood pressure to normal. Percutaneous needle aspiration seems
      to be a temporary measure only, and marsupialization is the preferred definite
      procedure.

PMID- 1092016
TI  - Analysis of the optimal perfusion pressure and flow rate of the renal vascular
      resistance and oxygen consumption in the hypothermic perfused kidney.
AB  - Thirty-six dog kidneys were perfused with different perfusion pressures (between
      15 and 60 mm. Hg) for 72 hours and then transplanted. Hypothermic human albumin
      was the perfusion fluid.  Enzyme release, kidney weight, and renal oxygen
      consumption were measured during perfusion. Kidneys perfused with a flow rate of
      0.8 ml. per gram per minute (21 mm. Hg mean perfusion pressure) showed the
      smallest increase in kidney weight and the best function after transplantation.
      Renal vascular resistance was independent of the level of the perfusion pressure
      and renal oxygen consumption was independent of the applied flow rate. It is
      concluded that the perfusion pressure applied with hypothermic perfusion should
      be as low as possible because in this way kidney damage caused by perfusion can
      be avoided most easily.

PMID- 1092017
TI  - Letter: Renal transplantation in children.

PMID- 1092018
TI  - Editorial: Organs for transplantation.

PMID- 1092019
TI  - An improved nonsuture method for portacaval anastomosis in the rat.
AB  - A nonsuture technique is described for performing portacaval anastomoses in rats.
      Improvements include reduced clamping time on critical vessels, reduced blood
      loss, uniformly patent anastomoses, easily manufactured buttons, and decreased
      mortality rates. The new procedure allows a single operator to perform 25 such
      operations per day, thus substantially increasing the availability of these
      animals for studies in hepatic metabolism following portacaval anastomoses.

PMID- 1092020
TI  - Observations on the healing of wounds of the intestines.

PMID- 1092021
TI  - Serum lactic dehydrogenase and human renal allograft failure.

PMID- 1092023
TI  - Adjustable razor dermatome: another efficient, economical, and portable
      dermatome.
AB  - The adjustable razor dermatome is another simple, portable, inexpensive, yet
      efficient mechanical tool for skin grafting. The dermatome is constructed easily
      from an ordinary household adjustable safety razor. This model, unlike those
      described earlier will cut grafts of various thicknesses without the use of a
      different cutting head or shim.

PMID- 1092022
TI  - Experience with a modification of Duhamel-Grob-Martin operation for the treatment
      of Hirschsprung's disease.
AB  - Forty-two patients have been operated upon with the Duhamel-Grob-Martin operation
      to which has been added a partial sphincterotomy. Three patients developed
      anastomotic leaks and one of these died. In follow-up studies from 2 months to 9
      years after operation, all patients were relieved of distension and constipation,
      except two, who were considered to have had an incomplete proximal resection of
      aganglionic bowel. There were two children with repeated attacks of enterocolitis
      after operation. Fecal control was good in all and, in spite of the retention of
      a considerable spur, there have been no problems from this. It is considered that
      the internal sphincter is involved in the disease and the possibility of
      persistent obstructive symptoms is reduced by the internal sphincterotomy which
      has not resulted in incontinence.

PMID- 1092024
TI  - Dr. Farber resigns as Baltimore's Health Commissioner.

PMID- 1092025
TI  - PSRO and Peer Review: can we live with them?

PMID- 1092026
TI  - [Comprehensive indication for glycoside therapy from the neurologic-phychiatric
      viewpoint].

PMID- 1092027
TI  - [Early gastric carcinoma].

PMID- 1092028
TI  - [Retroperitoneal, mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema and bacillary
      dysentery].

PMID- 1092029
TI  - [Bovine leukaemia. Recent views on aetiology and diagnosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1092030
TI  - Products marketed to promote growth in food-producing animals: steroid and
      hormone products.

PMID- 1092031
TI  - The distribution of labelled aminotriazole in mice.

PMID- 1092032
TI  - The metabolism of saccharin in animals.
AB  - Rats given oral doses of [3-14C] saccharin excreted 56-87% of the labeled dose in
      the urine and 10-40% in the feces during 7 days. Distribution studies showed that
      the highest levels of 14C were in the kidneys and bladders. The bile was not a
      significant route of excretion. The presence of labeled CO2 in expired air
      indicated that saccharin was decarbosylated to a slight degree. DEAE
      chromatographic separation and isolation of labeled compounds from urine samples
      showed that more than 99% of the urinary 14C was unchanged saccharin. Up to 1.0%
      of the 14C was a metabolite identified as 0-sulfamoylbenzoic acid. Comparative
      metabolic profiles of a dog, rabbit, guinea pig and hamster indicated that there
      was little difference in the pattern due to animal species or dose level.

PMID- 1092033
TI  - A comparison of betahistine hydrochloride with placebo for vertebral-basilar
      insufficiency: a double-blind study.
AB  - To test the effectiveness of betahistine HC1 in reducing the frequency of
      transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) caused by vertebral-basilar artery
      insufficiency, we randomly assigned 26 patients with a typical history of the
      condition to a placebo-drug or a drug-placebo sequence, each sequence lasting two
      months. During the study, the frequency of TIAs did not differ significantly
      between the placebo and the drug groups. Subjective responses indicated some
      value for betahistine as a palliative agent.

PMID- 1092034
TI  - Tributes to Miss Yvonne Violette Williams.

PMID- 1092035
TI  - William Baird McQuitty--clinician.

PMID- 1092036
TI  - Medical students and their education.

PMID- 1092037
TI  - HL--A typing in Northern Ireland 1971-74.

PMID- 1092038
TI  - Walter Henry Theobald, 1886-1974.

PMID- 1092039
TI  - An investigation of the efficacy of transdermal therapy on sensori-neural
      hypacusis.

PMID- 1092040
TI  - Elijah Jefferson Ashcraft, Jr.

PMID- 1092041
TI  - Courtland S. Jones, Jr.

PMID- 1092042
TI  - Byron Benjamin Kenyon.

PMID- 1092043
TI  - Raymond Alan Lower.

PMID- 1092044
TI  - Victor Carl McCuaig.

PMID- 1092045
TI  - James Julian O'Neil.

PMID- 1092046
TI  - Alvin David Rudo.

PMID- 1092048
TI  - Edward Stephens Wright.

PMID- 1092047
TI  - Clarence Ralph Straatsma.

PMID- 1092049
TI  - A buried suture pattern for ovariohysterectomies and cesarean operations (a
      photographic essay).

PMID- 1092050
TI  - Post stress diarrhoea in the horse.

PMID- 1092051
TI  - [Work organization for the control of bacterial mastitis among large herds of
      dairy cows].

PMID- 1092052
TI  - Detection of immunoproductive cells in the lymph of supramammaric lymph nodes of
      cows after intramammaric immunization.

PMID- 1092053
TI  - Efficacy trials of two corticosteroids in the intramammary treatment of bovine
      mastitis.

PMID- 1092054
TI  - The control of chronic clincial masitits by means of iodpolymer.

PMID- 1092055
TI  - [Experimental Bedsonia infection of calves].

PMID- 1092056
TI  - Bovine mastitis in some state farms in SR Macedonia.

PMID- 1092057
TI  - Pathogenic microflora in naturally and experimentally infected mammary glands of
      cows.

PMID- 1092058
TI  - [Control of mastitis and its repercussions on milk caseification].

PMID- 1092059
TI  - Influence of mastitis on the coagulation of milk.

PMID- 1092060
TI  - [The 30th anniversary of the Military Hospital in Skoplje].

PMID- 1092061
TI  - [Development and characteristics of the concept of medical service in the
      National Liberation Army and the partisan order of Croatia in the years 1941 and
      1942].

PMID- 1092062
TI  - [Clinical form of Escherichia coli infection in infants during the 1st year of
      life].

PMID- 1092063
TI  - [Pavel Nikolaevich Iurenev].

PMID- 1092064
TI  - Erythrocyte polyagglutination showing properties of both T and Tk, probably
      induced by Bacteroides fragilis infection.
AB  - A new type of polyagglutination is described in which the T and Tk receptors are
      both exposed on the erythrocyte membrane. It is suggested that there may be an
      association between this type of polyagglutination and infection by Bacteroides
      fragilis.

PMID- 1092065
TI  - Qualitative and quantitative study of the antigens and antibodies of the HL-A
      system-automatic fluorochrome method.
AB  - It was possible to obtain a successful evaluation of the quantity of HL-A
      antigens on lymphocytes using a fluorochromatic test with double marking by
      fluorescine diacetate and ethidium bromide. It was also possible to detect anti
      HL-A antibodies, to study their cross-reactions and to perform tissue typing
      using this automatic, sensitive and repeatable method.

PMID- 1092066
TI  - [Justification for the use of heparin in bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1092067
TI  - [Importance of bacteriological and serological studies in Proteus infections].

PMID- 1092068
TI  - [Role of the alkaline phosphatase of the neutrophils in the differential
      diagnosis of various types of malignant lymphomas].

PMID- 1092069
TI  - [Functional state of the insular apparatus of the pancreas in obesity].

PMID- 1092070
TI  - [Negative oxygen effect and ways to increase the efficacy of oxygen therapy].

PMID- 1092071
TI  - [Experimental and clinical data on the intravenous therapy of tuberculosis
      meningitis].

PMID- 1092072
TI  - [Method for preparing monospecific antiserum to fowl plague virus
      hemagglutinins].
AB  - A simple method for preparation of monospecific antiserum for the hemagglutinin
      of fowl plague virus has been developed. It is based on selective inactivation of
      the enzymatic and antigenic properties of neuraminidase by heating of the virus
      at 56degrees for 3 hours followed by disruption of the preparation with detergent
      and removal of the inner proteins by ultracentrifugation. Immunization of animals
      with such preparations produced antiserum containing considerable amounts of
      antibody for the hemagglutinin in the absence of antibody for other proteins of
      fowl plague virus.

PMID- 1092073
TI  - [Fibrin removal from mouse immune ascitic fluids to arbovirus using beta
      propiolactone].
AB  - A modification of acid precipitation of fibrin in immune ascitic fluids (IAF)
      employing beta-propiolactone has been developed. The procedure removes fibrin
      completely without affecting the titres of specific antibody. This modification
      is not inferior to previously described methods for fibrin removal from IAF and
      has a number of advantages. In addition to removing fibrin from IAF, beta
      propiolactone prevents possible virus contamination of IAF and sterilizes the
      preparation additionally.

PMID- 1092074
TI  - [Clinical and epidemiological aspects of influenza chemoprophylaxis with
      bonaphthone].
AB  - The results of double blind clinical, phisiological, biochemical immunological
      and virological studies carried out in 460 normal volunteers gave sufficiently
      objective evaluation of safety and antiinfluenza activity of bonaphthone. The new
      antiviral drug is recommended for wide epidemiological trials. In
      epidemiological, coded and strictly controlled experiment during influenza
      A/England epidemic in 1973 involving 1393 persons the prophylactic effectiveness
      of bonaphthone was established (the index of effectiveness 2.09).

PMID- 1092075
TI  - [Biological and physicochemical properties of virus PBV-1, isolated from
      Penicillium brevi compactum].
AB  - High infectivity of PBV-1 virus for different strains of E. coli has been
      demonstrated. Sizes of the virus particle are; head diameter 513 angstrom, length
      of the process 1500 angstrom, diameter of the process 60 angstrom. The buoyant
      density of the virus in cesium chloride density gradient is 1.49 g/cm3, in cesium
      sulphate-1.39 g/cm3, the sedimentation constant of the virus particle is 380S;
      molecular weight is 52.8 plus or minus 1.9 times 10-6 daltons. The PBV-1 virus
      contains double-stranded DNA with the melting temperature in 1 SSC (0.15 M NaCl
      plus 0.0015 M sodium citrate, pH 7.0) and in 0.1 SSC-88.5 degrees C,
      respectively. The buoyant density of DNA in cesium chloride gradient is 1.7058
      g/cm3 and in cesium sulphate 1.424 g/cm3. The content of GC-pairs calculated by
      the melting temperature is 46.5% and by the buoyant density 46.7%. On the basis
      of DNA sedimentation constant value (30S) the average molecular weight of DNA has
      been calculated to be 23.7 times 10-6 daltons.

PMID- 1092076
TI  - [Hemagglutination tests with insect viruses].
AB  - Nucleopolyhedrosis viruses isolated from larvae of Mamestra brassicae L. and
      larvae of Ocneria dispar L. as well as granulosis virus isolated from Apamea
      anceps Shiff. were found to agglutinate red blood cells from a variety of animal
      species. Chicken and goose erythrocytes proved to be most sensitive. The
      haemagglutination-inhibition test with the virus of Mamestra brassicae and with
      specific mouse immune ascitic fluid (IAF) was positive. The titer of IAF was
      1:160.

PMID- 1092077
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Czeslaw Gerwel (1909-1974)].

PMID- 1092078
TI  - [Effect of Fasciola hepatica invasion on bacterial flora in the intestinal
      contents in cattle].

PMID- 1092079
TI  - [Surgical therapy of acute heart infarct].

PMID- 1092080
TI  - [Calcium dobesilate].

PMID- 1092081
TI  - [At the death of Matron Helen Martz (1884-1975)].

PMID- 1092082
TI  - [Role of thymus epithelial tissue in the formation of natural immune tolerance].

PMID- 1092083
TI  - [Histophysiology of the adenohypophysis of bony fish].

PMID- 1092084
TI  - The surgical department of the University of Virginia.

PMID- 1092085
TI  - [Current problems of the step-by-step treatment of battle injuries under the
      conditions of modern warfare].

PMID- 1092086
TI  - [Characteristics of modern gunshot wounds].

PMID- 1092087
TI  - [175th anniversary of the S. M. Kirov Order of Lenin Red Banner Military Medical
      Academy].

PMID- 1092088
TI  - [Information system for surgical and medical control in the treatment of severe
      injuries].

PMID- 1092089
TI  - [Course and analysis of the oxidative fat deterioration (author's transl)].

PMID- 1092090
TI  - [Sensitivity of different strains of E. coli and Shigella to the inhibitory
      action of Ploskirev's bactoagar].
AB  - A study was made of the sensitivity of 190 strains of E. coli and 107 strains of
      Shigellae of different serological types to the inhibitory action of Ploskirev's
      bactoagar on the capacity of these bacteria to form colonies. The strains under
      study proved to be nonhomogenous in this respect: between different strains of E.
      coli there were revealed 10-, 100- and even 1000-fold differences by this
      property; the differences between Shigellae strains were less marked--in over 90%
      of Shigellae strains the capacity to form colonies was depressed less than 4
      fold. Only with the aid of some of E. coli and Shigellae strains was it possible
      to detect differences between the tested 20 commercial Ploskirev's bactoagar
      batches. Apparently, the use in practical bacteriological laboratories of
      accidental strains of local origin for control of Ploskirev's bactoagar could not
      aid in improving the quality of the medium, and consequently bacteriological
      diagnosis of infections.

PMID- 1092091
TI  - [Lytic antibodies in antibacterial sera. IV. Lytic activity of H-antibodies].
AB  - The authors studied the lytic and agglutinating activity of H-antibodies against
      S. typhimurium. Sera containing H-antibodies proved to possess a distinct lytic
      activity expressed in the presence of a complement and caused by specific
      antibodies. In H-antibodies specific lytic activity (as per 1 agglutinating unit)
      was much weaker than in O-antibodies. A relatively low lytic action of H
      antibodies was apparently associated with topography of corresponding antigenic
      determinants of the microbial cell which determined the low possibility of fatal
      injuries. In examination of H-bacteriolysins there was revealed the same
      regularity as noted in studying the O-bacteriolysins: reduction of the lytic
      activity of antibodies in hyperimmunization.

PMID- 1092092
TI  - [Regression analysis of the relation between antitoxic activity of sera (Jensen
      method) and antibody titers in the passive hemagglutination reaction].
AB  - Antidiphtherial and antitetanus antitoxic immunity was determined in the sera of
      1588 children (20 experiments) and 611 children and adults (12 experiments) by
      two methods--on animals and in the passive hemagglutination test (PHT). Factual
      data were grouped in accordance with a conditioned scale of the antitoxin values
      in IU composed of the values average for each interval. The series of two-fold
      dilutions represented a scale of titres of the same sera in the PHT. Mathematical
      analysis showed that there was a direct linear regressive relationship between
      the indices of antitoxic immunity obtained by different methods. As a rule,
      regression coefficients were below a unit, i. e. the rate of increase of the
      values by the HDT titre scale was somewhat retarded from the growth by the IU
      titre, this pointing to the difference in their value. The free member of the
      regression equation (a) characterizing this choice of the sera varied widely.
      Between the regression coefficients calculated for individual experiments
      statistically significant differences were revealed in almost 50% of cases.
      Transformation of quantitative indices of one test into quantitative
      characteristics obtained by the other method, with the aid of regression equation
      calculated outside the definite experiment, proved to be unfounded.

PMID- 1092093
TI  - [History of cholera epidemic control in West Siberia (1921-1923)].

PMID- 1092094
TI  - [Genetic control of the ability of Sh. flexneri to produce a lethal effect on
      macrophages. I. Study of the possible extrachromosomal nature of the cyt+
      determinant].
AB  - It was shown that cyt+-determinant could not be eliminated when the Sh. flexneri
      cultures were treated with ethidium bromide under the regimen providing the
      elimination of the F'lac-factor in a part of shigellae population. The cytotoxic
      Sh. flexneri strains which acquired the R-factor transmitted the multiple drug
      resistance to the cyt minus -strain of Sh. flexneri, but not the cyt+-properties.
      There was found no correlation between the cytoxicity of the Sh. flexneri strains
      and their capacity to mobilize the nontransmissive STr-ex-episome in the triple
      cross experiments. The results obtained were in favour of the chromosomal nature
      of cyt+-determinants controlling the capacity of Sh. flexneri to produce the
      lethal action on the macrophages.

PMID- 1092095
TI  - [Lysotypy of Shigella sonnei (literature review)].

PMID- 1092096
TI  - [Typing properties of bacteriophages isolated from Sh. sonnei strains].
AB  - On the basis of studying the lytic activity of eight bacteriophages the authors
      elaborated a scheme of bacteriophage typing of Sh. sonnei consisting of nine
      bacteriophage types with two subtypes. In typing 2348 strains isolated in various
      cities of the USSR bacteriophage pattern of Sh. sonnei was found to differ in
      different towns of the USSR. All the strains isolated repeatedly from the same
      patients were referred to the same bacteriophage type, this pointing to the
      stability  of the type-determining properties of bacteriophages. Stability of
      bacteriophage types, a possibility of typing the strains of the I, II phases and
      of R-forms, simplicity and distinctness of the scheme of bacteriophage typing
      determined future prospects in using the type bacteriophages selected at the
      Tbilisi Institute of Vaccine and Sera for intraspecies differentiation of Sh.
      sonnei.

PMID- 1092097
TI  - [Nomenclature of Salmonella (literature review)].

PMID- 1092098
TI  - [Polyamines in species of microorganisms of the intestinal group].
AB  - A study was made of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermin) in various
      representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family--E. coli, Sh, sonnei, Sh.
      flexneri and S. typhi abdominalis. All the strains under study contained
      putrescine and spermidine, and many Shigella and Salmonella strains had spermin
      in addition. There were significant differences in the quantitative content of
      polyamines in the individual species. By the ratio of nitrogen of polyamine to
      phosphorus of nucleic acid it is possible to assess the correlation in the
      content of polyamines and nucleic acids in the bacterial cells.

PMID- 1092099
TI  - [Microbial antagonism and its role in the development of infection (literature
      review)].

PMID- 1092100
TI  - [New groups of the family Enterobacteriaceae].

PMID- 1092101
TI  - [Antibodies to erythrogenic toxin B in scarlatina patients].
AB  - Coupled sera of 240 children suffering from scarlet fever obtained on the 1st-5th
      and 12th-15th days of the disease were examined in the PHA test with the A and B
      toxins. Antibodies to toxin B were revealed in 63-69% and to toxin A in 60-66% of
      the sera. In 64.5% of the cases the sera under study reacted simultaneously with
      both types of the toxin; antibodies to toxin B were contained in higher titres
      than to toxin A in 1/3 of the sera. The highest antibody titres to toxin B were
      revealed during summer.

PMID- 1092102
TI  - [An experimental study of auto-allergy evoked by staphylococcus under conditions
      of primary and secondary immunological response].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on rabbits and albino mice; it was shown that the
      capacity of the animal organism to reject the skin autotransplant formed 7 to 10
      days after the primary immunization and persisted for a period of 45 days.
      Repeated vaccination of mice 24 hours before the operation aided the take of the
      skin autotransplants, and 7 days before--promoted their rejection. Intravenous
      revaccination of the operated animals also intensified the rejection reactions;
      the process of the transplant rejection was accompanied by a marked fall in the
      level of staphylococcus- and autoantibodies. In the unoperated animals
      intravenous revaccination with staphylovaccine caused production of antibodies by
      the secondary type. Deposits of fixed gamma-globulin were found on the 6th-8th
      day after the transplantation in the autotransplant and its bed in mice primarily
      immunized with staphylovaccine. Marked circulatory disturbances, necrobiotic
      processes, mononuclear infiltration of the derma with neutrophils were revealed
      pathomorphologically in the rejecting skin transplant.

PMID- 1092103
TI  - [Palatine tonsils and immunity. III. T- and B-lymphocytes in the palatine tonsils
      of patients with chronic tonsillitis].
AB  - Both B- and T-cells are contained in the palatine tonsils of patients suffering
      from chronic tonsillitis. The former respond by blast-transformation to the in
      vitro stimulation by the streptococcus and staphylococcus antigens and the latter
      -to PHA, and produce soluble substances inducing blast-transformation reaction of
      lymphoid cells of the palatine tonsils under the effect of streptococcus and
      staphylococcus antigens.

PMID- 1092104
TI  - [The activity of transaminating enzymes in mycobacteria of different virulence].

PMID- 1092105
TI  - [Nilolai Grigor'evich Olsuf'ev (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1092106
TI  - [The ultrastructure of L-forms. III. The L-forms of S. typhi and Pr. vulgaris].
AB  - A marked polymorphism was revealed in the colonies of 5--7 day L-forms of S.
      typhi and Pr. vulgaris: among different types of the cells there prevailed
      spherical or oval forms with a distinct nucleoid. Three-layer cytoplasmic
      membranes--the site of formazan TNBT deposition in the reaction for succinic
      dehydrogenase--were detected on the greater part of the cell surface. Sometimes
      there were revealed on the surface of the membrane residues of the cell wall in
      the form of structureless material of low electron density or pieces of external
      membrane. Myelin-like structures, mesosomes of ring or lamellar structure and two
      contour vesicles located directly in the cytoplasm were found in the cytoplasm. L
      form cells displayed binary fission or reproduced by budding; in the latter case
      there formed elementary bodies surrounded by a three-layer membrane, not
      infrequently with a visible nucleoid and structures resembling mesosomes of the
      lamellar type.

PMID- 1092107
TI  - [A comparative immunochemical study of the subtypes of serologic type I of the
      agent of pseudotuberculosis].
AB  - It was shown that Y. pseudotuberculosis strains causing the Far-Eastern
      scarlatina-like fever in the Primorsk region belonged to subtype IB
      ipopolysaccharides of the standard strain of subtype IB and of the local strain
      were closely affiliated by the analytic data and monosaccharide composition, but
      differed from the lipopolysaccharide of strains belonging to subtype IA. Living
      vaccines should be used to obtain the sera against the subtypes IA and IB of the
      causative agent.

PMID- 1092108
TI  - [The role of the ability of Sh. flexneri to synthesize pili of the common type in
      the development of dysenteric infections].
AB  - HEp-2 epithelial cells infected with isogenic Sh. flexneri strains characterized
      by capacity to synthesize common pili (confirmed by electron microscopy) were
      studied. It was shown that although pili promoted an earlier adhesion of
      shigellae to the cells, they were not very significant for the penetration and
      intracellular development of dysentery bacilli in the epithelium. The use of
      bacteria labeled with 3H-glucose offers a possibility of an objective rapid and
      precise determination of the capacity of the microbes to adhere to the cell
      surface.

PMID- 1092109
TI  - [A method of determining the efficiency of the projected process of uninterrupted
      microorganism cultivation for vaccine production].
AB  - The authors suggest the method of study of the process of periodic cultivation of
      microorganisms for prognostication of the optimal process of biomass accumulation
      at the level of microbial population, homogenous by the spectrum of biochemical
      properties. A regimen of continuous growth of the microorganisms (calculated with
      the use of this method), corresponding to the phase of delay of the growth rate,
      was economically more effective in comparison with the traditional process used
      in the vaccine production.

PMID- 1092110
TI  - [Antibodies to type antigens of group A streptococcal cell walls in erysipelas
      patients].
AB  - The passive hemagglutination test was used to determine antibodies to type
      antigens of the cell wall of streptococcus group A in 167 patients suffering from
      erysipelas, from whom 488 sera were obtained. Antibodies were revealed in 97.2%
      of the sera. There was a definite relationship between the clinical form of the
      disease and the level of antibodies: their lowest level and the absence of
      elevation in the course of the disease was noted in continuous-relapsing form of
      erysipelas; the appearance of antibodies to the new types of streptococcus was
      usually noted in late relapses of the disease, which permitted to attribute their
      occurrence to infection by the new types of the microbes. In individual cases the
      appearance of antibodies to the new types of streptococcus was observed at the
      early relapses of erysipelas; this could be explained by the exacerbation of a
      focus of chronic (endogenous) infection in the skin in the absence of
      reinfection. Continuous prophylactic administration of bicillin-5 produced no
      depressive effect on the antibody level in patients with relapsing erysipelas.

PMID- 1092111
TI  - The effect of platelet function inhibitors on experimental venous thrombosis
      formation in rabbits.
AB  - Inhibitors of the platelet functions, collagen-induced aggregation and release
      reaction (ASA and sulfinpyrazone) and ADP-induced aggregation (dipyridamole and
      VK 744), were investigated as potential preventive agents against venous
      thrombosis formation in rabbits. An experimental model combining endothelial
      damage (sodium morrhuate) and controlled stasis of the femoral venous flow was
      used. None of the agents showed any significant protective effect against venous
      thrombosis, a finding which is in keeping with the results of recent clinical
      investigation.

PMID- 1092112
TI  - Plasma substitute induced impairment of the reticuloendothelial system function.
AB  - Currently used plasma substitutes are large colloids and are partly engulfed by
      reticuloendothelial (RE) cells. This study was designed to investigate the
      magnitude and duration of the possible RES dysfunction induced by plasma
      substitutes. The following substances were studied in both normal and burned (LD
      10) CBA mice: allogen albumin 3%, and commercial preparations of dextran 40,
      dextran 70, hydroxyethyl starch, gelatin and PVP. Infusion volume was 20 ml/kg
      and i.v. infusion time 1 hour. Animals given allogen plasma served as controls.
      One, 3 and 6 hours after the i.v. injection of 51-Cr-rabbit RBC, we determined
      the disappearance rate, and uptake and distribution of the 51-Cr-RBC in the main
      RES organs (liver, spleen and lungs). In normal mice the disappearance rate was
      significantly decreased one and three hours post infusion, while it was decreased
      even after 6 hours in burned mice. Groups given albumin or plasma stayed close to
      non-infused animals. In order to clarify the physiologic significance of these
      findings we used another test substance known to be handled by the RES.
      Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin was tested with regard both to toxicity and rate
      of elimination. The toxicity, after i.p. injection, was significantly intensified
      both one and 3 hours post-infusion in normal mice. In burned mice toxicity became
      even more intense. The ability to eliminate 51-Cr-labelled endotoxin was
      significantly decreased following infusion in both normal and burned mice, one as
      well as three hours later. The in vitro liver phagocytosis was tested utilizing
      the liver slice technique. Standardized slices were incubated in Krebs-Ringer
      buffer together with 125-I-HSA aggregates as RES test substance with and without
      plasma from mice given plasma substitute infusions. Allogen plasma enhanced the
      phagocytic uptake (four times), while post-infusion plasma did not. It is
      concluded from these experiments, utilizing two different RES test substances in
      both normal and hypovolemic animals, that the plasma expanders tested do impair
      RES phagocytosis. The mechanism seems to be an interaction with phagocytosis
      promoting plasma factors. Even though this impairment is temporary, it may
      jeopardize such important RES functions as elimination of microorganisms, toxins,
      cell debris and tumour cells, or spoil the afferent limb of the immune response
      to many antigens.

PMID- 1092113
TI  - Immunoglobulin synthesis and its induction in B-lymphoid cells.
AB  - Several aspects of synthesis and assembly of Ig molecules in small lymphocytes
      and in differentiated plasma cells are summarized. Some attempt has been made to
      analyse at the molecular level what happens on conversion of a lymphocyte to a
      mature cell secreting high levels of Ig. For this study LPS activation of murine
      B-lymphocytes into division and maturation served as a model system. A rapid rate
      of mitosis and high rate of H-mRNA synthesis appeared to precede the high levels
      of Ig production, suggesting a translational block on H-mRNA until the cell had
      organized its endoplasmic reticulum and matured. In vivo, with the exception of T
      independent antigens, it is unlikely that B-cell maturationis an automatic sequel
      to division stimuli. We are largely ignorant in this area but possible regulatory
      signals which achieve a dissociation of B-cell division and maturation are
      discussed.

PMID- 1092114
TI  - Steps in the human reproductive process susceptible to immunological
      interference.

PMID- 1092115
TI  - Effects of immunization with LDH-X on fertility.
AB  - Immunological regulation of fertility can be best achieved if a defined
      macromolecule is used to provide the antigenic stimulus. Proteins with known
      enzymatic properties are attractive molecules in this area if it can be
      demonstrated unequivocally that they are unique constituents of spermatozoa, and
      are completely foreign to the female. This paper describes immunosuppression of
      fertility by the sperm-specific isozyme of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-X). In
      addition, evidence is reviewed which suggests that acrosomal proteinase and
      hyaluronidase may be unique to sperm. Data are presented which confirm the sperm
      specificity of LDH-X and the immunochemical homogeneity of purified preparations
      of this isozyme. Immunization of female rabbits with LDH-X significantly reduces
      the fertility of these animals. Experimental results indicate that the primary
      effect of immunization involves blockage of fertilization. While those ova which
      are fertilized in an immune environment develop and implant normally, there is a
      high rate of post-implantation embryo mortality. Rabbit blastocysts transferred
      to immune recipients implant at the same rate as in non-immune controls. These
      findings are consistent with the conclusion that the developing embryo must
      interact with antibody during the pre-implantation stages of pregnancy when
      antigenic sites conferred by the sperm LDH-X are available. Such interaction can
      be demonstrated directly by immunofluorescence techniques.

PMID- 1092116
TI  - Macrophage activation induced by lymphocyte mediators.
AB  - This paper is a brief review of studies which demonstrate that lymphocyte
      mediators can activate macrophages in vitro. Macrophages which have been
      incubated in lymphocyte mediator-rich Sephadex fractions show changed morphology,
      metabolism and function. These changes include an increase in adherence to glass.
      ruffled membrane movement, phagocytosis of some particles, glucose oxidation
      through the hexose monophosphate shunt and an increase in the activity of a
      membrane enzyme, adenylate cyclase. Such mediator-activated macrophages show
      enhanced bacteriostasis and tumoricidal activity. In addition, studies describing
      the role of membrane sugars and esterases in the interaction of migration
      inhibition factor and macrophages are reviewed.

PMID- 1092117
TI  - Local immunological response in the vagina, cervix and endometrium.
AB  - The mechanism of the local excretion of secretory IgA (SIgA) in exocrine
      secretions has been reviewed. Numerous local IgA-plasma cells, in the lamina
      propria of the glandular mucosa, synthesize dimeric IgA with J-chain. Free
      secretory component (FSC) is synthesized and accumulated in the Golgi area of the
      columnar epithelial cells. It is then supposed to get onto their cell membranes.
      Dimeric IgA (and some IgM) reaches tn dimeric IgA (and some IgM) and the FSC
      located in the cell-membrane, whereby SIgA is formed. The complex becomes
      mobilized and is transported toward the apical part of the cell, where it will be
      excreted into the mucous coat covering the epithelium. In the female genital
      tract, the cervical mucosa appears to be better adapted to achieve a local
      secretory immune system. The endometrium seems less suitable, being normally
      short of local plasma cells. The vaginal wall appears almost incompatible with
      the proposed mechanism of local antibody secretion. Criteria for establishing a
      local immune response in the female genital tract comprise: 1) a lack of
      correlation between antibody titers in secretions and serum; 2) the demonstration
      that the secretory antibodies are mainly of IgA class and 3) that they are SIgA
      molecules, possessing bound secretory component. However, the best criterion
      would be 4) the observation that antibody is actually synthesized in samples of
      mucosa, by in vitro culture or immunohistology. Reviewing the literature,
      relatively few examples were found where SIgA antibodies were demonstrated, and
      unambiguous evidence for their local synthesis is almost non-existent. In
      addition, the authors were unable to detect antibody-containing cells in cervical
      and endometrial biopsies of women locally "immunized" with horse spleen ferritin
      and bovine serum albumin. The need for further investigation with simple antigens
      and adequate immunological reagents is stressed.

PMID- 1092119
TI  - Fertility control through active immunization using placenta proteins.
AB  - Numerous studies have demonstrated that antibodies to placental proteins in a
      variety of species are capable of preventing or disrupting gestation. Early work
      in this area was primarily directed towards the passive immunization of rodents
      with heterologous antisera to whole placental extracts. Toxicity and renal damage
      often accompanied fertility inhibition. More recent studies reported less
      toxicity and a higher specificity of antibodies to reproductive function when
      anti-placental antibodies were absorbed with serum and extracts of non
      reproductive organs. Few studies have been reported in which active immunization
      with placental proteins was employed. The most detailed studies of active
      immunization have employed highly purified placental hormones. Immunizations of
      rats and rabbits with human placental lactogen have resulted in marked reduction
      in reproductive function. Immunization of human females with chemically altered
      (hapten-coupled/ HCG resulted in the production of antibodies reacting with
      unaltered HCG and pituitary LH. These antibodies were capable of reducing the
      level of endogenous serum LH in pre- and post-menopausal women. The also altered
      the events of the menstrual cycle in premenopausal women. More specific
      inhibition of chorionic gonadotrophin has been obtained by immunization of
      baboons with the beta subunit of HCG. Antifertility effects without alterations
      in the menstrual cycle of female baboons immunized with the beta subunit of HCG
      have been reported. The antibodies produced in these animals reacted
      significantly with human LH in vitro. The possibility of using hormonal and non
      hormonal placental proteins as antigens for the specific immunological inhibition
      of fertility remains.

PMID- 1092118
TI  - Surface antigens of normal early embryos and a tumour model system useful for
      their further study.

PMID- 1092120
TI  - The use of antibodies developed by infertile women to identify relevant antigens.
AB  - In the first half of this century several studies demonstrated that temporary
      infertility may be induced by immunizing women with semen. Isolated examples of
      acute hypersensitivity reactions to sexual intercourse provide dramatic evidence
      that natural isoimmunization to semen occurs in man. The afferent immunological
      pathway in this process can be influenced by adjuvant effects of genital tract
      infection. This may be important in assessing the significance of antisperm
      antibodies in infertile women. In immunological studies of female infertility,
      the 3 most commonly used tests for humoral antisperm activity are
      microagglutination, macroagglutination and immobilization (complement dependent
      cytotoxicity). The sperm microagglutination test detects both antibody and non
      antibody activity. The macroagglutination and immobilization tests both detect
      antibodies but to date the latter has provided the more meaningful results in
      infertile women. A prospective study of reproductive patterns in infertility
      patients indicated a lower subsequent fertility rate and a markedly higher
      abortion rate in women with antisperm antibodies compared to those without them.
      However, the association of antisperm antibodies with continuing infertility only
      reached a statistically significant level in women with a past history of
      unexplained infertility of at least 3 years' duration. Occlusion (condom) therapy
      in patients with antisperm antibodies has proved unsuccessful when compared with
      the natural reproductive patterns in untreated patients. Immunofluorescence
      studies are described and correlated with results of other tests for antisperm
      antibodies in serum and cerivcal mucus. The results of these and of other studies
      of naturally occurring antibodies in infertile women have identified antigens of
      actual or potential relevance to infertility and fertility control. These include
      (i) intrinsic spermatozoal antigens, (ii) seminal plasma antigens, (iii) blood
      group antigens, (iv) histocompatibility antigens and (v) nucleoprotein antigens.

PMID- 1092121
TI  - Concepts and methods in immunology applicable to the control of human fertility.

PMID- 1092122
TI  - Kinetics of antibody formation and regulatory aspects of immunity.
AB  - This paper, which is to be read in conjunction with that of Dr. J.F.A.P. Miller
      earlier in this volume, addresses itself to the kinetics of antibody production
      and to the regulation of the immune response. It is divided into four main
      sections. The first examines the kinetics of antibody production to a single,
      strong challenge injection of antigen. The cellular events involved in the latent
      period and the subsequent exponential phase of antibody production are examined
      from the viewpoint of four key concepts: triggering, clonal expansion, IgM to IgG
      switch and affinity maturation. The second section examines the major regulatory
      influences and feedback loops in immunity. Antigen is discussed as an agent
      capable of causing tolerance as well as triggering. Antibody is considered an
      important regulator, and the mechanisms of IgM-positive feedback, IgG-negative
      feedback, and tolerance and blockade effects of immune complexes are outlined.
      Immunological memory, the opposite phenomenon to tolerance, is briefly described,
      as is the importance of genetic factors. The third sections looks at more complex
      models of the immune response, and in particular at the lessons to be learnt from
      tumour progression.

PMID- 1092123
TI  - [Cytological changes produced by anovulatories and intrauterine devices].

PMID- 1092124
TI  - [Sequential clomiphene-LH-RH test in amenorrhea and anovulatory amenorrhea].

PMID- 1092125
TI  - Production of lymphoid tissue in the rat brain by implants containing
      phytohemagglutinin.
AB  - Large numbers of plasmacytes and lymphocytic cells develop at the tip of
      miniature pipettes containing phytohemagglutinin (PHA) implanted into the brain
      of adult Lewis rats. The accumulation of lymphoid elements is present in tissue
      exposed to PHA for 1 week, and it persists in animals which were allowed to
      survive up to 10 weeks. It did not occur around control or non-active implants.
      Lymphoid cells usually serve as a morphologic index of immune mediated phenomena,
      but no evidence was seen in the present study to indicate that they produce
      damage to axons, dendrites or glial cells of the central nervous system despite
      direct contact with them. Plasma cells in the brain appear to develop from "dark"
      cells resembling lymphocytes that migrate into the central nervous system from
      reactive lymphoid tissue near the tip o.f the implant. Nerve, glial and
      subependymal cells do not respond with mitogenic activity to PHA.

PMID- 1092126
TI  - [Application of the vectorial therapy to the T.N.M. Formulation and mathematical
      principles of a theory].

PMID- 1092127
TI  - Persistent neonatal hypoglycaemia. A clinical and histopathological study of
      three cases treated with diazoxide and subtotal pancreatectomy.
AB  - Two boys and one girl developed persisting hypoglycaemia 12, 24, and 48 hours
      after birth. Although there was no known history of hereditary diabetes mellitus,
      the birth weight was high in two cases, and some additional traits of foetopathia
      diabetica could not be excluded clinically. All had high serum insulin levels
      with frank hyperinsulinaemia in one case. Glucose tolerance tests also indicated
      hyperinsulinism. Diazoxide (8 to 27 mg/kg) elevated the blood glucose levels, but
      did not prevent severe hypoglycaemic episodes. The effects of subtotal
      pancreatectomy were only transient. The patients have now been kept on permanent
      diazoxide therapy for 2-4 years at dosages slightly lower than those used before
      operation. No islet-cell tumour was found at the subtotal pancreatectomy. In all
      3 cases, the pancreatic islets were markedly hyperplastic and of irregular shape
      with the occurrence of large B-cells with giant hyperchromatic nuclei and
      chromophobe "agranular" or sparsely granulated cells. The predominating kind of
      islet cells showed tinctorial features of A2-cells but--in the absence of
      available material set aside for ultrastructural analysis--it could not be
      settled whether this was a result of a proliferation of A2-cells only or of "type
      IV cells" as well. Against the background of previously published reports, the
      present cases serve to illustrate that additional accuracy of diagnosis and
      classification of neonatal persistent hypoglycaemia requires quantitative
      information about the structural changes in the pancreatic islet cells, and that
      this can be obtained from conventional biopsy specimens.

PMID- 1092128
TI  - Experimental murine leprosy. 3. Early local reaction to mycobacterium
      lepraemurium in C3H and C57/BL mice.
AB  - M. lepraemurium was injected subcutaneously into two inbred strains of mice, C3H
      and C57/BL, in order to study the local reaction at various time intervals.
      Within 6 hours an acute inflammatory reaction developed at the site of injection.
      In the course of the following days it was replaced by a mononuclear infiltrate.
      The influx of mononuclear cells appeared to be somewhat greater in C57/BL than in
      C3H mice. Apart from this, little difference was observed between the two strains
      until at 4 weeks when a vigorous granulomatous reaction developed in the C57/BL
      strain. This reaction apparently arrested further local spread of the infection.
      The histological appearance of the inflitrate indicated that a delayed
      hypersensitivity reaction was taking place. No signs of such reaction was
      observed in the C3H strain.

PMID- 1092129
TI  - Experimental murine leprosy. 4. The gross appearance and microscopic features of
      the local infiltrate after subcutaneous inoculation of C3H and C57/BL mice with
      mycobacterium lepraemurium.
AB  - Mice with the inbred strains C57/BL and C3H were inoculated subcutaneously on the
      thorax with M. lepraemurium. In C57/BL mice a firm, raised, sharply defined
      nodular infiltrate developed 4 weeks afterwards, while in the C3H strain of the
      infection produced a soft, flattened infiltrate with ill-defined margins, which
      did not become palpable until 10 weeks after inoculation. A limited spread of the
      infection occurred early in both strains, but apparently multiplication of the
      microorganisms was very restricted in C57/BL mice; progressive, disseminated
      growth of the bacilli was observed in the C3H strain only. In C57/BL mice the
      granulomatous reaction, developing 4 weeks after inoculation and leading to
      abcess formation, ulceration and scar formation, apparently inhibited both local
      multiplication and further spread of the bacilli. In C3H mice no host reaction
      was detected and the bacilli appeared to grow unrestrictedly. In some C57/BL
      animals, decrease in host resistance occurred during the infection, causing
      reactivation of the local lesion and an apparently rapid proliferation of
      bacilli. Observations regarding the lesions in superinfected animals indicated
      that a systemic immune reaction develops in the C57/BL strain about 4 weeks after
      inoculation, whereas this does not occur in the C3H strain.

PMID- 1092130
TI  - Changes in certain iron metabolism variables after a single blood donation.
AB  - Signs of iron deficiency have been studied after the first blood donation in 11
      healthy men. Six were given 100 mg iron daily, and five received placebo tablets.
      The total iron-binding capacity and iron absoprtion remained raised for more than
      26 days, but had almost returned to the initial values after 70 days. A
      significant decrease in the stainable bone marrow iron could be shown in all
      subjects after 26 days; later some restitution was seen in subjects given iron
      supplements, but not in those given placebo. As the restitution times are long,
      the interval after blood donation must be taken into account when judging iron
      metabolism variables in active donors.

PMID- 1092131
TI  - Iron supplement to blood donors. I. Trials with intermittent iron supply.
AB  - A series of 58 male blood donors has been studied with regard to stainable bone
      marrow iron, desferrioxamine test, sideroblasts, total iron-binding capacity,
      serum iron, and haemoglobin values. With one conventional blood donation every
      second month the storage iron was found to be significantly decreased after four
      blood donations both when placebo and oral ferrous iron in doses of up to 2000 mg
      were given over a period of two weeks after each blood-letting. The iron state in
      donors given 2000 mg was superior to that in donors given 1000 mg, and better in
      the latter group than when placebo was given. A moderate increase in the total
      iron-binding capacity could be discerned in subjects treated with placebo or only
      1000 mg iron after each donation, but no changes in serum iron or haemoglobin
      were noted. A smaller series of 13 donors was also investigated after six
      donations and was found to show essentially the same pattern in the iron state
      variables as after four donations. When the interval between donations was four
      months and 2000 mg ferrous iron was given over two weeks after each donation, all
      variables including the amount of bone marrow iron and the desferrioxamine test
      remained unchanged in ten subjects after four donations. Two subjects showed a
      moderate decrease in the stainable bone marrow iron, but it did not disappear
      completely.

PMID- 1092132
TI  - Liver impairment during chronic hemodialysis and after renal transplantation.
AB  - Liver impairment has been evaluated in a consecutive series of 79 patients with
      chronic renal failure of whom 23 were treated with hemodialysis alone and 37 with
      hemodialysis and renal transplantation alone. In half of the chronic hemodialysis
      patients and half of the patients receiving a renal allograft elevation of serum
      alanine aminotransferases was observed for a shorter or longer period during the
      study. In half of these cases from both groups the clinical course, laboratory
      data and liver histology were consistent with virus hepatitis and four patients
      died from fulminant hepatic failure. In the other half of the patients with
      elevated transaminases, this was either asymptomatic and unexplained or due to
      other causes such as septicaemia or urinary leakage. Liver biopsy showed
      unspecific changes. Renal transplantation was not performed in patients suffering
      from virus hepatitis, but 12 of the 37 patients who received a renal allograft
      had elevated aminotransferases at the time of transplantation. In seven of them a
      marked increase in aminotransferase was observed postoperatively, but none
      developed clinical sign of liver disease. It is concluded that elevated
      aminotransferase activity per se is no contraindication to surgical procedures,
      including renal transplatation, in these patients. However, a liver biopsy should
      be performed to detect a possible liver disease.

PMID- 1092133
TI  - Transfer of E1 and V colicinogenic factors to Shigella flexneri.
AB  - From Escherichia coli strains, ColE1-ML and ColV-K94 factors were transferred to
      a virulent Shigella flexneri 2a strain at 1-2% frequency. S. flexneri ColV+ and
      ColE1+V+ produced Col- segregants. The ColE1 factor was stably incorporated into
      S. flexneri. The ColV+ culture lost its virulence to the guinea pig eye.

PMID- 1092135
TI  - Characteristics of pure cultures of Borrelia sp. isolated from the bovine rumen.

PMID- 1092134
TI  - Effect of some aminoglycosides upon a drug dependent Escherichia coli strain.
AB  - Escherichia coli Sd-4-73 drug dependent strain was sensitive to kanamycin,
      gentamicin and neomycin in the absence of drugs stimulating cell multiplication.
      This senstivity was not considerably influenced by streptomycin, while
      paromomycin afforded protection against both bacteriostatic and bactericidal
      effects. The paromomycin concentration optimum for protection was different from
      its concentration optimum for multiplication.

PMID- 1092136
TI  - Psychological problems of kidney transplanted adolescents.

PMID- 1092137
TI  - An analysis of Gene Forrester in "A Separate Peace" by John Knowles.

PMID- 1092138
TI  - Standards for heparin.

PMID- 1092139
TI  - The chemistry of heparin.

PMID- 1092140
TI  - Low-dose heparin in the prevention of venous thromboembolism-rationale and
      results.

PMID- 1092141
TI  - The neural and hormonal bases of the reproductive cycle of the rat.

PMID- 1092142
TI  - Auditory sensitivity at high frequencies in mammals.

PMID- 1092143
TI  - Secretory activity of neurons and related electrical activity.

PMID- 1092144
TI  - [The 65th birthday of Prof. Grimm].

PMID- 1092145
TI  - [Health book in Thuringen].

PMID- 1092146
TI  - Directory of programs and services for the deaf in the United States.

PMID- 1092147
TI  - [In memoriam: Andries Johannes de Kock].

PMID- 1092148
TI  - Maxwell Kidger Tucker.

PMID- 1092149
TI  - Clinical application of a second generation electrocardiographic computer
      program.
AB  - An electrocardiographic computer program based on multivariate analysis of
      orthogonal leads (Frank) was applied to records transmitted daily by telephone
      from the Veterans Administration Hospital, West Roxbury, Mass., to the Veterans
      Administration Hospital, Washington, D. C. A Bayesian classification procedure
      was used to compute probabilities for all diagnostic categories that might be
      encountered in a given record. Computer results were compared with
      interpretations of conventional 12 lead tracings. Of 1,663 records transmitted,
      1,192 were selected for the study because the clinical diagnosis in these cases
      could be firmly established on the basis of independent, nonelectrocardiographic
      information. Twenty-one percent of the records were obtained from patients
      without evidence of cardiac disease and 79 percent from patients with various
      cardiovascular illnesses. Diagnostic electrocardiographic classifications were
      considered correct when in agreement with documented clinical diagnoses. Of the
      total sample of 1,192 recordings, 86 percent were classified correctly by
      computer as compared with 68 percent by conventional 12 lead electrocardiographic
      analysis. Improvement in diagnostic recognition by computer was most striking in
      patients with hypertensive cardiovascular disease or chronic obstructive lung
      disease. The multivariate classification scheme functioned most efficiently when
      a problem-oriented approach to diagnosis was simulated. This was accomplished by
      a simple method of adjusting prior probabilities according to the diagnostic
      problem under consideration.

PMID- 1092150
TI  - Simultaneous autoradiographic and immunohistochemical localization of estrogen
      and gonadotropin in the rat pituitary.
AB  - A combined autoradiographic and immunohistochemical technique is introduced which
      is suitable to simultaneously localize hypophyseal sites of nuclear (3-H)
      estradiol uptake and anti-hCG-characterized "gonadotropes". Most, but not all,
      "gonadotropes" show significant nuclear concentration of radioactivity. A large
      percentage of non-"gonadotropes" also show nuclear uptake of label.

PMID- 1092151
TI  - Effect of acupuncture of pain threshold and pain tolerance determined by
      electrical stimulation of the skin: a controlled study.
AB  - The effect of needling traditional acupuncture loci (Ho-Ku, LI4; Nei-Kuan, EH-6)
      compared to arbitarily chosen points was measured in twelve healthy subjects.  In
      a crossover blind study pain tolerance and pain threshold were measured by
      electrical stimulation of  the skin in the thyroid area.  Traditional acupuncture
      was found to be significantly more effective in elevating pain  threshold than
      needling of arbitarily chosen points.  Pain tolerance also rose more under "real"
      acupuncture, the difference, however, being statistically not significant.  In
      one subject, threshold and tolerance increased more under needling of
      nonacupuncture loci, while two subjects did not show any changes under either
      procedure.

PMID- 1092152
TI  - Susceptibilities of bacteria to different antibiotic regimens. Study in two
      nursery populations.
AB  - Hospital nursery A has used chloramphenicol and nursery B has used the
      combination of penicillin G sodium and kanamycin sulfate routinely in the
      treatment of neonatal sepsis and other bacterial infections. A hypothesis was
      formulated that these different antibiotic pressures would select out a
      substantial number of populations of resistant bacteria in each of the two
      nurseries. This was tested by periodic sampling of the skin, mouth, and rectal
      flora of babies and the permanent personnel in these nurseries. These bacteria
      were studied for susceptibility to a number of antibiotics. The population of
      resistant strains selected out was correlated with the antibiotics used in each
      nursery. There is a need for continuing surveillance of hospital nursery strains
      of bacteria for in vitro susceptibilities to commonly prescribed antimicrobials.

PMID- 1092153
TI  - Management of acute epiglottitis by nasotracheal intubation.
AB  - In 40 cases of acute epiglottitis in children, intubation was the chosen method
      for the management of airway obstruction. Six patients were treated without the
      establishment of an artificial airway, and no tracheostomies were done. No
      patients who were admitted to the hospital died of airway obstruction, although
      one sustained irreversible brain damage before admission, and two died of
      overwhelming infectionmthe average duration of intubation was 2.days and the
      average hospital stay was 5.days. Two children developed subglottic granulation
      tissue that was removed successfully and did not recur. Nasotracheal intubation
      is an acceptable method of management of epiglottitis.

PMID- 1092154
TI  - Outbreak of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infections in medical center
      personnel.
AB  - An outbreak of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus infections occurred in
      Medical Center personnel at the University of Rochester in 1972-1973. A total of
      48 infections was discovered, 31 in staff of the radiation therapy area, 12 in
      the staff of the Vivarium facility, and 5 in other individuals who worked in the
      Medical Center. Twenty-one of the infections were associated with recent febrile
      illness with myalgia. Epidemiologic and virologic studies indicated that the
      source of the infection was Syrian hamsters which were used in tumor research;
      the tumor cell lines themselves were shown to be contaminated with LCM virus and
      probably represented the original source of contamination of the Rochester
      facility. Infection occurred not only through direct contact with infected
      animals but also from mere presence in the room where the animals were held. This
      outbreak emphasizes the need for restricting access to animal quarters and for
      surveillance of hamsters and tumor cell lines and indicate the necessity of
      separating animal facilities from patient-care facilities.

PMID- 1092155
TI  - Shigellosis at sea: an outbreak aboard a passenger cruise ship.
AB  - Between June 23 and June 30, 1973, 90% of 650 passengers and at least 35% of 299
      crew members experienced a diarrheal illness during a 7-day Caribbean cruise
      aboard a passenger cruise liner. Symptoms were consistent with shigellosis, and
      Shigella flexneri 6, Boyd 88 biotype, was isolated from rectal swabs taken from 8
      to 35 ill passengers and 33 of 294 crew members. Epidemiologic evidence
      incriminated the ship's water, including ice, as the probable vehicle of
      transmission, and elevated coliform counts were found in potable water samples
      obtained aboard the vessel at the peak of the outbreak. Potential sources of
      contamination of the vessel's potable water supply were investigated, and
      improvements in the loading and chlorination of potable water were recommended.

PMID- 1092156
TI  - An epidemiologic study of renal failure. I. The need for maintenance
      hemodialysis.
AB  - A nationwide morbidity study of end-stage kidney disease in Israel revealed a
      mean annual incidence rate, in the two-year period 1965-1966, of 70 cases per
      million per year requiring maintenance hemodialysis in the age 15-59 Jewish
      population. Chronic glomerulonephritis (38%) chronic pyelonephritis (24.9%) and
      polycystic disease (8.1%) represented the three most common diagnostic entities.
      It is suggested that the load of new cases on available dialysis units will not
      increase indefinitely but that an equilibrium will be established between the
      intake of new candidates and the outflow due to deaths and transplantation.

PMID- 1092157
TI  - Waterborne shigellosis at a public school.
AB  - In November 1972 an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness occurred at a public
      school in Stockport, Iowa. One hundred ninety-four (72%) of 269 pupils and 14
      (16%) of 23 staff members were affected. The etiologic agent was a strain of
      Shigella sonnei resistant to multiple antimicrobials. Waterborne transmission of
      shigellosis was documented epidemiologically and by isolation of the organism
      from the school water system. Ninety-seven (14%) of 698 of the students'
      household contacts developed diarrhea, and possible secondary cases also occurred
      in 3 (9%) of 32 household contacts of school staff.

PMID- 1092158
TI  - The William Allan Memorial Award. Presented to Curt Stern at the annual meeting
      of the American Society of Human Genetics, Portland, Oregon, October 17, 1974.

PMID- 1092159
TI  - Chemotherapy of infections in cancer patients: a review.
AB  - The factors altering host-defense mechanisms and the nature and significance of
      the resultant infections in cancer patients by a wide variety of invasive
      organisms are described. The principle and method of selection of antimicrobial
      agents as therapy in initial empiric treatment of presumed infection in febrile
      cancer patients, as well as therapeutic agents fothe therapy of infections by
      specfic organisms, are discussed. Special emphasis is placed on the more recently
      developed agents for the therapy of infections by Pseudomonas and other gram
      negative bacilli.

PMID- 1092160
TI  - Digitalis pharmacokinetics and metabolism.
AB  - The pharmacokinetics of the cardiac glycofides have been elucidated as a result
      of the development of assays of sufficient sensitivity to measure the
      concentration of digitalis compounds in biological fluids. Digoxin can accumulate
      in the body without the administration of a loading dose, and a steady state
      blood concentration will be reached in 5 to 7 days. Digitoxin requires 35 days to
      accumulate to a plateau. If a loading dose of digoxin is used, it should be
      approximately three times the estimated daily maintenance dose. Factors that
      determine the selection of the appropriate maintenance dose of digoxin include
      renal function and lean body mass. Digitoxin is less dependent on renal function
      for its elimination than is digoxin. Knowledge of the pharmacokinetics of
      digitalis preparations is useful in determining how to change from one cardiac
      glycoside to another, each with different half-lives. One should wait 3 days
      before starting digoxin therapy when changing from maintenance digitoxin to
      digoxin (assuming normal renal function). The pharmacokinetics of changing from
      ouabain to digoxin without loss of digitalis effect are described. The metabolism
      of the commonly used digitalis preparations are summarized.

PMID- 1092161
TI  - Serum digitalis measurements in the assessment of digitalis resistance and
      sensitivity.
AB  - Antibodies to digitalis glycosides have been elicited in experimental animals and
      have been utilized in the development of rapid, sensitive, specific and
      convenient radioimmunoassay methods for the clinical measurement of digoxin and
      other cardiac glycosides in man. The use of these assay methods has supplemented
      earlier studies with radiolabeled digitalis preparations and has made it possible
      to obtain much new information concerning factors which may contribute to the
      well known patient to patient variability in digitalis dosage requirements and in
      sensitivity to the toxic effects of cardiac glycosides. In some patients with a
      poor clinical response to digitalis, the finding of a serum concentration which
      is relatively low for the dose prescribed may suggest that true digitalis
      resistance is not present and may raise questions of poor patient compliance,
      tablet inadequacies, intestinal malabsorption, increased metabolic degradation or
      hyperthyroidism; if the cause of the low serum level cannot be identified or
      corrected, serial serum measurements should enable safe and rational upward
      adjustment of dosage. In some patients with digitalis toxicity, the finding of a
      serum level which is relativity high for the dose prescribed may suggest that the
      patient is not sensitive to digitalis but rather is excreting it slowly; in such
      instances in elderly patients (with decreased glomerular filtration rates) and in
      patients with renal disease, serial digitalis measurements are useful adjuncts to
      clinical observation in determining optimal digitalis dosage schedules. A
      knowledge of serum digitalis concentrations should enable us to develop sound
      principles for a more rational approach to the clinical administration of cardiac
      glycosides, especially in patients with unusually high dosage requirements or
      with unusual sensitivity to relatively small doses of digitalis.

PMID- 1092162
TI  - Digitalis toxicity: epidemiology and clinical use of serum concentration
      measurements.
AB  - Despite continuing advances in understanding of the basic pharmacology of the
      cardiac glycosides, digitalis intoxication remains a common clinical problem.
      Physician education programs and increasing use of serum or plasma concentration
      data have, however, been shown to be capable of substantially reducing the
      incidence of digitalis toxicity. Methodologic progress and availability of
      commercial radioimmunoassay kits have placed measurement of clinically relevant
      serum or plasma cardiac glycoside concentrations within the capability of most
      well equipped clinical laboratories. Extensive experience with serum digitalis
      levels now provides a basis for ongoing examination of the role of these
      measurements in clinical practice. Results of studies to date demonstrate that
      mean serum digoxin and digitoxin levels are significantly higher in patients with
      electrocardiographic evidence of toxicity compared with patients without such
      evidence. It must be emphasized, however, that because of overlap in serum
      digitalis levels between these two groups, sole dependence on these levels for
      established of a diagnosis of digitalis toxicity is not warranted. Multiple
      factors influence individual responses to cardiac glycosides, and serum
      concentration data must be interpreted in the over-all clinical context. Type and
      extent of underlying heart disease are important determinants of the clinical
      response to any given dose or concentration of cardiac glycoside. Knowledge of
      the serum digitalis concentration is likely to be helpful in the setting of
      suspected digitalis intoxication in the absence of an adequate history, or in the
      presence of fluctuating renal function, overt or suspected malabsorption, or
      uncertain bioavailability. More generally, such measurements may prove useful
      whenever an unanticipated response to digitalis is encountered, whether it be
      suspected toxicity or the absence of an expected therapeutic effect.

PMID- 1092163
TI  - Pharmacologic and clinical control of antiarrhythmic drugs.
AB  - Knowledge of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is a powerful tool for
      controlling cardiac arrhythmias with drugs even though antiarrhythmic drugs are
      potentially quite toxic. If the diagnosis and drug selection are correct at the
      outset of therapy, the clinician can use his knowledge of pharmacokinetics to
      achieve arrhythmia control with a minimum of personal effort and risk to his
      patient.

PMID- 1092164
TI  - Effects of ascorbic acid on the common cold. An evaluation of the evidence.
AB  - Of 14 clinical trials of ascorbic acid in the prevention and treatment of the
      common cold, the data from 8 were considered well enough gathered to be
      creditable and to warrant combining for an over-all assessment of efficacy.
      Differences in mean prorated numbers of colds per year and durations of illness
      were 0.09 plus or minus 0.06 (plus or minus 1 standard error) and 0.11 plus or
      minus 0.24, respectively, favoring ascorbic acid over the placebo. These are
      minor and insignificant differences, but in most studies the severity of symptoms
      was significantly worse in the patients who received the placebo. In one study
      lasting 9 months, a large number of the volunteers tasted their capsules and
      correctly guessed what group they were in. All differences in severity and
      duration were eliminated by analyzing only the data from those who did not know
      which drug they were taking. Since there are no data on the long-term toxicity of
      ascorbic acid when given in doses of 1 g or more per day, it is concluded that
      the minor benefits of questionable validity are not worth the potential risk, no
      matter how small that might be.

PMID- 1092165
TI  - Renal failure after transplantation.

PMID- 1092166
TI  - Persistent lymphocytosis with chromosomal evidence of malignancy.
AB  - An inappropriate, sustained and absolute lymphocytosis in a young man was
      investigated using technics which attempted to define the more detailed features
      of these cells and their T and B subpopulations. The results of the tests for
      lymphocyte RFC (E) and complement (EAC) rosette formation, immunofluorescence, in
      vitro phytohemagglutin (PHA) stimulation and 14C-cyclo-phosphamide binding
      assays, when evaluated in a combined and interrelated fashion, indicated that the
      lymphocytosis was mainly but not solely, due to an absolute elevation in
      circulating T lymphocytes. Moreover, an aneuploid cell line with 47 chromosomes,
      presumably T cells, also was detected in PHA-stimulated cultures. These data,
      associated with the patient's anemia, lymphocyte-infiltrated bone marrow,
      hepatosplenomegaly, pharyngeal lymphoid tumor and the clonal proliferation of
      lymphocytes bearing an abnormal karyotype, furnish evidence that the
      lymphocytosis is more than an unremitting leukemoid reaction and is potentially
      neoplastic. The detection of the chromosomal abnormality at this patient's age
      and point in disease may make him especially unique in that he could be a
      clinical prototype for other patients with lymphoreticular tumors which remain
      undetected at their onset.

PMID- 1092167
TI  - Editorial: Celebrating the bicentennial.

PMID- 1092168
TI  - Nurses in American history: the revolution.

PMID- 1092169
TI  - Nurses in American History: wartime volunteers-1861-1865.

PMID- 1092170
TI  - In vitro studies on human cervical epithelium, benign and neoplastic.
AB  - The early neoplastic lesions of the cervix offer an excellent model to study the
      neoplastic process in the human; In vitro studies indicate that these lesions are
      intermediate between normal epithelium and invasive carcinoma in many aspects.
      More recent studies show that the in vitro cells retain many of the
      characteristics of their in vivo counterparts. The techniques are available for
      short-term culture of normal and CIN cells, but no cell lines have been
      established. Spontaneous transformation of normal cervical epithelial cells in
      culture has been rare, but planned transformation with chemical carcinogens and
      HSV-2 has not been successful. Even though much preliminary work has been done,
      the establishment of a cell line from the human cervix and methods for
      transforming normal cell in vitro are needed. Studies toward these objectives are
      continuing in this laboratory.

PMID- 1092171
TI  - Histologic and nuclear grading and stromal reactions as indices for prognosis in
      ovarian cancer.
AB  - Ovarian cancer is one of the most frustrating problems in gynecology. Each year
      about 14,000 new cases are diagnosed in the United States and almost 11,000
      patients die from their ovarian cancer. The results from treatment are no better
      in 1973 than they were in the previous two decades; Early diagnosis is a matter
      of chance rather than a scientific method. Until early diagnosis can be made and
      treatment instituted with predictable promise for cure, attention must be
      directed to study the natural history of disease, its histologic and nuclear
      grading, as well as the stromal reaction of the cancer. This approach should
      further validate end results and, in the future, help improve the survival rate
      in ovarian carcinoma. With these criteria, 174 fresh cases were evaluated. The
      study showed that undifferentiated cancers were mainly in the unfavorable
      histologic and nuclear grades, while the better differentiated tumors were in the
      more favorable group. Mucinous cancers were characterized by the greatest number
      of tumors with favorable histologic and nuclear grades and generally had a better
      survival rate. Since the potency of tumors vary within a given stage, treatment
      should be tailored to the cancer rather than the stage of disease; In general,
      stage of disease was more important than histologic or nuclear grades in
      determining prognosis.

PMID- 1092172
TI  - Ocular clinical findings and basement membrane changes in Goodpasture's syndrome.
AB  - Goodpasture's syndrome is a rapidly progressive disease characterized by the
      onset of pulmonary hemorrhage with glomerulonephritis, leading to pulmonary and
      renal failure. The hallmark of this disease is linear deposition of antibasement
      membrane IgG in the basement membranes of the kidney and lung. In two cases of
      nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachment in patients with Goodpasture's syndrome, the
      first patient demonstrated multiple ischemic areas in the choroid on fluorescein
      angiography. Histopathologic and immunologic studies of the eyes in the second
      patient demonstrated macular edema and elevation of the retina in association
      with choroidal infarction and linear deposition of IgG in Burch's membrane and
      the basement membranes of the choroidal vessels.

PMID- 1092173
TI  - Pseudorheumatoid nodules of the ocular adnexa.
AB  - A clinicopathologic study of 21 cases revealed pseudorheumatoid subcutaneous
      nodules occurring in the eyelids and periorbital region of children and young
      adults. These nodules were most frequently located in the lateral upper eyelids
      and outer canthal region, and in five cases they were multiple. The lesions
      recurred in about 20% of the cases. In addition, new lesions located elsewhere
      were observed in 26% of cases. Histopathologically they resembled the
      subcutaneous nodules of rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatic fever. Follow-up
      information on 15 patients (from two to 12 years) and the results of laboratory
      studies on seven patients had failed to reveal any association with these two
      systemic diseases. Pseudorheumatoid nodules may be indicated when a healthy child
      or a young adult presents with solitary or multiple subcutaneous nodules,
      especially in the eyelids. These lesions pursued a benign clinical course and
      local excision, which is usually performed for diagnostic purposes, was the only
      treatment indicated. The lesions had a tendency to regress spontaneously;
      therefore, local recurrences should be treated conservatively by periodic follow
      up examinations.

PMID- 1092174
TI  - Cyclocryotherapy for glaucoma after penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - Thirty-six eyes underwent cyclocryotherapy after penetrating keratoplasty for
      medically unmanageable elevated intraocular pressures. Thirty were controlled
      with one procedure, five required three procedures. Eighty-two percent of the
      transplants remained clear after cryotherapy and 19 of 23 with clear grafts
      obtained useful visual acuity. Our results including the number of patients whose
      glaucoma was controlled by this procedure and the percent of clear grafts
      following cryotherapy are far better than results of other forms of glaucoma
      surgery after keratoplasty. The complication rate was 14% for all procedures.
      Most procedures were performed within 12 weeks of the corneal transplant.
      Cyclocryotherapy is necessary for the successful management of glaucoma after
      penetrating keratoplasty to avoid graft failure and must be performed if
      acceptable visual acuity is to be attained.

PMID- 1092175
TI  - ABO Blood groups and corneal transplantation.
AB  - A study of 150 corneal donor-recipient grafts, examined for ABO type, revealed
      that 25% of the grafts were from corneas from incompatible donors. Recipients
      with histocompatible sensitization exposures such as prior corneal transplant,
      one or more pregnancies, or one or more blood transfusions were no more likely to
      experience graft failure if the graft were from an ABO incompatible donor than
      from a compatible donor. Of 13 graft failures (8%), three of the failed grafts
      were from AB donors, a significant result. No detrimental effect of transplanting
      across the ABO barrier could be proven with assurance for any parameter.

PMID- 1092176
TI  - Endogenous Aspergillus endophthalmitis occurring after kidney transplant.
AB  - Two months after renal transplantation, a 26-year-old man developed pneumonia
      that was recalcitrant to antibiotic therapy and proved by biopsy to be due to
      cytomegalovirus and Aspergillus fumigatus. Ten days later while on amphotericin B
      therapy, he developed an endophthalmitis proved by smear and culture of a
      vitreous aspiration to be caused by A. fumigatus. Despite intravitreous and
      systemic amphotericin B the vision deteriorated and the eye was enucleated.
      Microscopic examination disclosed an intense endophthalmitis with vitreous and
      retinal abscesses. The second patient was a 29-year-old woman who developed
      severe hypertension and graft rejection one month after renal transplant, despite
      massive immunosuppressive therapy with prednisone, azathioprine, and cobalt 60
      irradiation. She developed pneumonia, meningitis, and died. A postmortem
      examination revealed disseminated aspergillosis. A single choroidal abscess due
      to Aspergillus with an associated retinal hemorrhage was observed in the left
      eye.

PMID- 1092177
TI  - Letter: The ophthalmology of art.

PMID- 1092178
TI  - Letter: Combined keratoplasty and cataract extraction.

PMID- 1092179
TI  - Early dimensional changes in the arches of cleft palate children.

PMID- 1092181
TI  - Presentation of the Gerard A. Devlin Memorial Award to Stephen C. Hopkins, Sr.,
      by Robert B. Hedges, chairman of the Award Committee.

PMID- 1092180
TI  - Conservative retention for spaced maxillary central incisors.

PMID- 1092183
TI  - The growth of a dental specialty: the AAO from 1909 to 1975.

PMID- 1092182
TI  - Orthopedic approach to severe skeletal Class III malocclusion.

PMID- 1092184
TI  - The AAO library: a remarkable Association accomplishment.

PMID- 1092185
TI  - Editorial: The library's Golden Anniversary: 1925 to 1975.

PMID- 1092186
TI  - Philip Edwin Adams (1896-1973)

PMID- 1092187
TI  - The pulmonary inflammatory response. Cellular events in experimental pulmonary
      arterial hypersensitivity disease.
AB  - Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) were covalently linked
      to polyacrylamide or agarose beads and were injected into control Syrian hamsters
      and hamsters previously immunized with either HRP or BSA. Animals sensitized to
      soluble antigen and subsequently challenged intravenously with the same antigen
      immobilized on beads developed an acute focal inflammatory response within 2 to 6
      hours after injection. The acute response involved local deposition of IgG and
      complement (beta1A/beta1C globulin), polymorphonuclear leukocyte exudation, and
      variable amounts of hemorrhage. A focal vasculitis was occasionally present.
      Within 72 hours the reaction had become largely mononuclear or granulomatous in
      nature, and giant cell formation was seen within 4 days after immobilized antigen
      injection. Severe reactions developed only upon recognition of specific antigenic
      determinants; thus hamsters immunized against soluble HRP developed
      characteristic lesions only upon intravenous challenge with HRP-coated beads but
      not with beads coated with unrelated antigen (BSA). The beads elicited only a
      mild foreign body reaction in the control hamsters at 5 to 7 days after injection
      which was temporally and histopathologically distinct from the lesions in
      immunized hamsters. Thus, the state of existing immunity can influence the
      character and severity of the local pulmonary inflammatory response.

PMID- 1092188
TI  - Henry D. Moon, MD, 1914-1974. In Appreciation.

PMID- 1092189
TI  - A primate model of hyperacute renal allograft rejection.
AB  - Hyperacute renal allograft rejection is initiated by primary immune injury to
      vascular endothelium and is propagated by secondary vasoconstriction, platelet
      aggregation and intravascular coagulation. Previous dissociation of these primary
      and secondary events, with graft survival in one human, suggested that the more
      usual graft failure was due to secondary injury. As a basis for further
      modification studies, this primate model most closely resembled its counterpart
      in man, as the onset and intensity of functional, morphologic and biochemical
      alterations were similar. Unmodified allografts failed within 5 minutes. The
      earliest and most abnormal finding was marked reduction in renal blood flow
      affecting all compartments. By 5 minutes, histologic changes of hyperacute
      rejection as well as antibody and faint C3 deposits were noted, but biopsies
      suggested that the initial flow reduction was more likely due to
      vasoconstriction, which was then followed by vascular obstruction. Glomeruli
      appeared most damaged, but at the highest antibody titer arterial injury was more
      prominent. Early red cell sequestration and stasis was marked, followed by
      progressive platelet clumping and neutrophil infiltration. While the decline in
      renal venous C3 levels was prompt, as in man, early intrarenal activation of the
      coagulation, fibrinolytic and kinin-forming systems could not be demonstrated,
      and fibrin formation was sparse by light and fluorescence microscopy.
      Qualitatively similar histologic and functional alterations were noted in
      autograft controls. While the initiating event was unclear and may have been
      accentuated by the arteriovenous shunts utilized, the final mechanism was
      probably marked vasoconstriction with renal ischemia. Intrarenal C3 consumption
      was an important finding and was not associated with tissue deposits of antibody
      or complement; it may provide a parallel with the progressive complement-mediated
      injury associated with acute myocardial ischemia noted by others. Endothelial
      injury was not seen in arteries, and all alterations were delayed in onset and
      progressed more slowly than in allografts. These findings may elucidate the
      mechanism of early malfunction of most autografts. Treatment of additional
      autografts with increasing doses of heparin progressively reversed these changes
      and even prevented the initial reduction in blood flow. Therefore, many
      alterations consistent with hyperacute rejection which are probably immediately
      responsible for graft failure can also be initiated by nonspecific,
      nonimmunologic events and, where injury is less intense, can be prevented
      pharmacologically. This model provides a means of dissecting the injurious events
      and subsequent evaluation of the effectiveness and interaction of various agents
      on the damaging secondary alterations which occur during hyperacute rejection.

PMID- 1092190
TI  - Medical practice without antianxiety drugs.
AB  - The benzodiazepines and hydroxyzine were removed from a statewide Medicaid
      pharmacopeia. Barbiturate sedatives, hypnotic and antipsychotic medication, and
      tricyclic antidepressants remained available, but no substitution was made for
      about two-thirds of the deleted ataractic medications. The authors conclide that
      most physicans regard ataractics as unique and do not use them interchangeably
      with the other drugs.

PMID- 1092191
TI  - Extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the head and neck.

PMID- 1092192
TI  - Current concepts with respect to chondrocalcinosis and the pseudogout syndrome.

PMID- 1092193
TI  - Surgery in a rural area: 1638-1868. Presidential address.

PMID- 1092194
TI  - Reoperation after esophagomyotomy for achalasia of the esophagus.
AB  - Eleven patients who required reoperation for persistent or recurrent symptoms
      after esophagomyotomy are reported on. Failure of the original operation was
      attributed to inadequate myotomy in three, healed myotomy in four, and reflux
      esophagitis in four. The myotomy was extended or a new myotomy created in the
      first two categories of patients. Three of the four patients with reflux
      esophagitis were treated by antrectomy and Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy; one of
      these also required concomitant exision of the esophagogastric junction because
      of stricture. The fourth patient with esophagitis ultimately required colonic
      interposition for relief of symptoms. Ten of the eleven patients were improved
      after reoperation, but results were less good than those achieved by a properly
      performed primary esophagomyotomy. This -re-emphasizes the need for attention to
      the technical details of esophagomyotomy if good results are to be achieved.

PMID- 1092195
TI  - Clinical applications of thermodilution cardiac output determinations.
AB  - The pulmonary arterial catheter was shown to be safe and easily positioned in a
      group of 200 patients. Thermodilution cardiac output measurement was shown to be
      simple, rapid, and safe. The technic was as accurate as the simultaneously
      measured indocyanine green cardiac output, and more reproducible, particularly at
      high and low flows. The construction of myocardial performance curves during a
      fluid challenge is described. The value of these curves is guiding fluid, drug,
      and respirator therapy is illustrated by case presentations.

PMID- 1092196
TI  - Correlation between response to corticosteroids and splenectomy for adult
      idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

PMID- 1092197
TI  - [Experimental erysipelas in different species as a model for systemic connective
      tissue disease. I. Systemic vascular processes during organ manifestation
      (author's transl)].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: The similarities between erysipelas in animals and rheumatic
      diseases in man have been discussed since the work of Nieberle (1931). The
      present work sets out to investigate the course of organ manifestations in pigs,
      rats, and mice using germ-free or specific pathogen-free experimental animals.
      Particular consideration will be given to the initial systemic vascular processes
      as well as to the significance of the erysipelas antigen. MATERIAL AND METHODS:
      In several experiments, a total of 166 pigs--partly gnotobiotic or specific
      pathogen-free animals--37 specific pathogen free Wistar rats and 57 albino mice
      were orally and/or parenterally infected with standardized erysipelas strains of
      serotype B. Clinical examination post infection were carried out with the EKG and
      by x-raying the joints of the extremities. All large parenchymatous organs, as
      well as heart valves, aorta and synovia were examined histologically in paraffin
      sections. In mice and rats, joints of the extremities were embedded in toto in
      metracrylate. Besides various histological staining methods, histochemical
      reactions were used to demonstrate mucopolysaccharides and fibrin. The
      myocardium, central nervous system and synovia of several joints were examined
      with the electron microscope. In the pig, immunohistological methods
      demonstrating the presence of fibrin, complement and IgG, as described by Seidler
      et al. (1971) and Trautwein et al. (1972), were used. RESULTS: The most important
      changes in joints, heart valves heart musculature and blood vessels occur during
      the early bacteriemic phase. A distinct sticking effect develops in the mouse 3.5
      hours p.i., in the rat 24 hours p.i., and in the pig 36 hours p.i.
      Simultaneously, hyaline thrombi occur in capillaries and venules; these are seen
      as parallel, loosely-packed fibrin fibers in the electron microscope. With the
      aid of immunofluorescence fibrin, IgG and complement C3 can also be demonstrated
      here. Exudates rich in fibrin develop parallel to the microthrombosis. In pigs
      and rats vascular and myocardial necroses develop to 3  days p.i. The mice do not
      survive the 3rd p.i. 39% of the pigs showed edema and mesenchymal activation of
      varying intensity in the heart valves between the 3rd and 8th day p.i. Besides
      the insudation of the valves, endocardial thromboses developed in 80% of the
      mice. Endocarditis, aand in addition large aortic thromboses were recognized in
      more than 50% of the rats. As early as the 4th day p.i., coagulopathy,
      angionecrosis and exudation led to acute arthritic symptoms..

PMID- 1092198
TI  - [Corticosteroid cataracts following kidney transplantation. Investigations on the
      influence of additional factors upon the development of opacities (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 15 patients with kidney transplants were followed up for a period of 3 to 45
      months. All but one developed lenticular opacities in the posterior subsapsular
      region. The opacities were classified according to their severity. It could be
      shown that the cataract index was correlated to the total amount of
      corticosteroids given. There is probably an additional effect of age and
      azathioprin therapy. Possibly, the time of treatment with intermittent
      hemodialysis also influences cataract development.

PMID- 1092199
TI  - [Clinical studies on the narcotic effects of nitrous oxide (author's transl)].
AB  - In 340 male and 450 female patients of various age the depth of anaesthesia
      acquired during induction with nitrous oxide (75%) and oxygen (25%) was
      investigated by means of clinical methods. Premedication consisted of atropine
      (0,1 mg/1o kg body weight) in 26% and atropine plus pethidine (or morphine) in
      74% of the patients, respectively of the total, 2.4% of the patients failed to
      enter the analgesic-amnestic level, determined as I-3, while 97.6% occupied and
      more than 50% of the patients surpassed it. Thus the MAC of nitrous oxide in man
      seems to be 75 volume per cent or less. The depth of anaesthesia varied
      significantly with duration of inhalation (p smaller than 0.001). Up to five
      minutes of inhalation 5% of the patients failed to arrive at I-3, while 95%
      reached this plane and 46% surpassed it. After more than five minutes of
      inhalation the corresponding values were 1%, 99% and 56%, respectively.
      Significantly deeper levels of anaesthesia were acquired by females than by males
      (p smaller than 0.001) during the initial 10 minutes of inhalation. After that
      time sexual differences disappeared. Patients of good physical condition reached
      deeper planes of anaesthesia than bad risk cases (p smaller than 0.001). The use
      of analgesics as premedicants reduced the effectiveness of nitrous oxide, as
      compared to premedicated patients with atropine alone (p smaller than 0.01 in men
      and p smaller than 0.05 in women). Adults below 30 years of age entered the
      stages II and III-1 significantly less frequently than older patients (p smaller
      than 0.01), whereas children (up to 14 years of age) reached those stages
      significantly more frequently than adult patients in general (p smaller than
      0.01).

PMID- 1092200
TI  - Complications in the simplest cellular enzyme assay: lysis of Escherichia coli
      for the assay of beta-galactosidase.

PMID- 1092201
TI  - A sensitive method for the quantitative determination of minor bases in ribosomal
      RNA.

PMID- 1092202
TI  - Fractionation of DNA on benzoylated DEAE-cellulose.

PMID- 1092203
TI  - A new method for assaying peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase.

PMID- 1092204
TI  - Reduced effect of 50% formamide upon Tm of DNA absorbed on hydroxylapatite
      columns.

PMID- 1092206
TI  - Gertie F. Marx, M.D.

PMID- 1092205
TI  - Attention, learning, and personality during ketamine emergence: a pilot study.
AB  - To analyze the memory, learning, attention, and personality effects associated
      with emergence from partial ketamine induction, 11 resident physicians were
      tested. Ketamine was found to be truly dissociative in that it seemed to impair
      learning of and memory for unusual word associations, at least in young
      physicians.

PMID- 1092207
TI  - The adult respiratory distress syndrome and pancuronium bromide.
AB  - The institution and maintenance of artificial ventilation for a patient with the
      adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is frequently difficult because the
      hypoxic patient is often confused, agitated, or combative. Pancuronium bromide, a
      recently introduced neuromuscular blocking agent, was used to facilitate
      artificial ventilation in 6 patients with ARDS. As compared with morphine sulfate
      and diazepam, pancuronium bromide has fewer cardiovascular and central-nervous
      system effects. It also has fewer cardiovascular effects than does curare, and
      its prolonged administration does not lead to a desensitization neuromuscular
      block as is seen with succinylcholine. However, continuous high-quality nursing
      care is necessary if this drug is used.

PMID- 1092208
TI  - Historical vignettes: Dr. Carl Koller 1857-1944.

PMID- 1092209
TI  - Stepping stones in allergy. Chapter VII. The treatment of allergic diseases.

PMID- 1092210
TI  - Alupent syrup: results of a six-month trial in asthmatic children.
AB  - A six-month clinical trial of Alupent Syrup was conducted in 23 school-age
      children with bronchial asthma to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of
      this dosage form of metaproterenol sulfate. At three intervals during the study
      period, double-bind crossover tests against placebo were performed. Pulmonary
      function measurements revealed significant improvement in PEFR and FEV, after
      metaproterenol, and the results obtained at the end of ths study demonstrated
      that no tolerance to the drug had developed. The absence of adverse reactions
      attested to the safety of the drug in long-term management of childhood asthma.

PMID- 1092211
TI  - Severe variable immunodeficiency disorder with absence of thymus and IgA.

PMID- 1092212
TI  - Stepping stones in allergy. Chapter VIII The view from a plateau.

PMID- 1092213
TI  - The Bela Schick memorial lecture. The many facets of migraine.

PMID- 1092214
TI  - Binding of anti-human immunoglobulins to human epidermal cells.
AB  - According to this study human skin scrapings bind anti-human IgE and IgM
      immunoglobulins as demonstrated by fluorescent miscroscopy; this is not dependent
      on the atopy of the subject.

PMID- 1092215
TI  - Ontogeny of the chicken humoral immune mechanism.

PMID- 1092216
TI  - Antiviral chemotherapy and its significance to the poultry industry.

PMID- 1092217
TI  - Antigens (and recombinants) and immune response to avian influenza.

PMID- 1092218
TI  - Immunity to Newcastle disease.

PMID- 1092220
TI  - Production, purification, and characterization of avian mycoplasmas.

PMID- 1092219
TI  - Immune response to infectious bronchitis virus.

PMID- 1092221
TI  - Immunization of chickens against Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection.

PMID- 1092222
TI  - Immune response to Escherichia coli.
AB  - Chickens from a line artifically selected for lew level of plasma corticosterone
      (LPC) produced higher antibody titers, produced antibody earlier, continued the
      production of antibody longer, responded to lower dosages of antigen, and had
      greater body weight gain than those from a line slected for a high level of
      plasma corticosterone (hpc). the HPC line resisted Escherichia coli challenge and
      antigen more effectively than the LPC line. It appears that, although the HPC
      line is more effective in its defense against bacterial infections, the LPC line
      can be aided more by vaccines.

PMID- 1092223
TI  - Considerations concerning the host-parasite relationship of Escherichia coli in
      poultry.

PMID- 1092224
TI  - Properties of free endotoxin from Pasteurella multocida.
AB  - Free endotoxin (FET) from virulent encapsulated Pasteurella multocida or from an
      avirulent nonencapsulated mutant is capable of inducing active immunity, but the
      lipopolysaccharide (LPS) moiety of the endotoxin is not. These results suggest
      that a protein of P multocida is involved in the stimulation of active immunity.
      The serologic specificity of the FET is associated with the LPS moiety, which is
      related to a heat extracted antigen that is used for serotyping P multocida. The
      FET is capable of producing widespread vascular alteration and death. It is
      present in the vascular system of turkeys with acute fowl cholera, and it can be
      detected with the "Limulus" test for endotoxins and with the gel diffusion
      precipitin test.

PMID- 1092225
TI  - Progress in the control of Marek's disease.

PMID- 1092226
TI  - Avian salmonellosis: detection and characterization of serologic response to
      major serogroup infections.
AB  - Serologic procedures for the diagnosis of salmonella infections in poultry flocks
      have evolved from laboratory and field macrotest procedures to recently reported
      microtests with savings of cost, time, and space. Microtest methods when used as
      the sensitive and specific microantiglobulin test provide a means of effectively
      detecting birds exposed to salmonella serogroup B, C, and D infections. Progress
      will be made in the better detection and control salmonella infections in poultry
      when attention is given to all major salmonella serogroups rather than a few
      selected serotypes.

PMID- 1092227
TI  - Progress in the control of coccidiosis with anticoccidials and planned
      immunization.
AB  - New anticoccidials continue to be introduced to the poultry industry on an
      average of about one every 2 years. Revised requirements have increased costs of
      discovery, development, and approval by the Food and Drug Administration to
      several million dollars for each product. Gross sales of anticoccidials are now
      estimated to be in excess of $30,000,000 annually. Anticoccidials are almost
      universally used in starter rations for meat-type birds being raised under floor
      pen management. Protection is more important with these fast-growing birds than
      with egg-producing types where immunity and cage layer management modify demands
      for anticoccidials. Coccidiosis mortality has generally been eliminated by all 25
      approved anticoccidials if properly used. Selection of specific anticoccidials is
      based on the ability of the anticoccidial to: (1) improve weights and (2) feed
      conversion, and (3) to suppress development of lesions. Costs of the product may
      influence decisions on which one to use. With some anticoccidials the rapid
      emergence of drug resistant strains has been the biggest problem. "Switching"
      among the 13 classes of anticoccidials and the so-called "shuttle program" are
      common methods used to avoid development of resistance. Preventive medication
      will probably continue to constitute the major method of coccidiosis control with
      meat-type poultry if attempts to develop economic cage-type management do not
      supplant current litter and floor-pen management. Immunity acquired through
      incidental or planned immunization is more important in control of coccidiosis
      with layer and breeder flocks raised in floor-pens. Some progress in development
      of avirulent immunogenic strains of different species of coccidia has been
      reported and further research efforts in this direction should be encouraged.

PMID- 1092228
TI  - Characteristics of immunity in fungal infections.

PMID- 1092229
TI  - Pathogenesis of Trypanosoma equiperdum in rabbits.
AB  - Seventeen rabbits experimentally infected with Trypanosoma equiperdum were
      examined for lesions at different times during a 5-month period. A chancroid
      developed at the inoculation site in the skin, and later, similar lesions
      appeared in skin of the ears, eyelids, and nose. The inflammatory reaction was
      primarily granulomatous, and viable trypanosomes were present in all skin
      lesions. The rabbits had reticuloendothelial hyperplasia of spleen and lymph
      nodes. In 3 rabbits, there was amyloid deposition in splenic lymph nodules and
      renal glomeruli. Amyloid had typical fibrillar appearance by electron microscopy
      (EM) and was reactive for immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) with
      fluorescent antibody (FA). With time, there was lessening capability of T
      equiperdum to agglutinate in antiserums of infected rabbits, suggesting that
      antigenic variation occurred during infection. The serum concentrations of IgM
      and IgG increased significantly in the infected rabbits and then remained
      elevated or they decreased, though fluctuating widely. Three of 5 infected
      rabbits demonstrated depressed antibody response to injected ovine erythrocytes.

PMID- 1092230
TI  - Evaluation of an indirect method for estimating myofiber number in transverse
      sections of skeletal muscle.
AB  - The total number of myofibers contained in the transverse sections of 6 canine
      pectineus muscles was counted, using direct- and indirect-counting methods. For
      the direct-counting method, the transverse section of each muscle was
      photographed, from which a montage of each section was constructed. Then, the
      total number of myofibers contained in each montage was counted. The number
      obtained by the direct-counting method was used to determine the accuracy of the
      indirect-counting method. For the indirect-counting method, 40 randomly selected
      areas in each section were photographed. Then, the total number of myofibers
      contained in the randomly selected areas of each section was counted. From these
      counts, the total number of myofibers contained in each transverse section was
      calculated after the entire cross-sectional area of each section was determined
      by planimetry. The indirect-counting method was performed 3 times for each
      section. By direct count, the number of myofibers in a section was between 12,368
      and 163,223. Generally, the indirect-counting method tended to overestimate the
      number of myofibers per section. The mean percentage error of estimates plus or
      minus standard error for all muscles and trials was 3.89 plus or minus 1.17; the
      range was minus 6.17 to +11.97. The percentage errors of the indirect counts were
      significantly correlated with the number of myofibers/sq mm and total number of
      myofibers/section; for every 1,000 myofibers/sq mm or 100,000 myofibers/section,
      an error of 2 or 5%, respectively, can be anticipated. The indirect-counting
      method utilized 10 to 20% of the man-hour effort required by the direct-counting
      method.

PMID- 1092231
TI  - Immunofluorescent studies on chronic pneumonia in swine with experimentally
      induced African swine fever.
AB  - Chronic pneumonia experimentally produced in 14 pigs with African swine fever
      (ASF) virus was studied by immunofluorescene (IF) and histopathologic techniques.
      Frozen sections prepared from pulmonary tissues of the infected pigs were stained
      with fluorescein-conjugated antiserums against ASF viral antigen, porcine
      immunoglobulin G (IgG), procine complement (C), and porcine fibrinogen. The viral
      antigen(s) was mainly seen in macrophages and cell debris in alveolar walls and
      lumens. This finding indicates that the virus replicated in the cytoplasm of
      alveolar macrophages that subsequently degenerated and released the viral
      antigen. Diffuse immunoglobulin (Ig) deposition was found in necrotic cells and
      debris. Immunoglobulin also was seen bound to intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies
      in some degenerating alveolar macrophages. This finding indicates that antibody
      against ASF viral antigen(s) excluded from blood circulation or produced by local
      immunocytes (or both) reacted with viral antigen at intramacrophage and
      extramacrophage levels and resulted in the formation of insoluble antigen
      antibody (Ag-Ab) complexes. The participation of C in the immune complex was
      evident in the early stage of the pneumonia, but was less evident in the
      subsequent extensive, progressive necrotic processes. Fibrin deposits were
      visible only in the early necrotic area of alveolar walls and lumens. Possible
      mechanisms inducing extensive necrosis are discussed.

PMID- 1092232
TI  - Development of specific in vitro lymphocyte responses in cattle infected with
      Mycobacterium bovis and with Mycobacterium avium.
AB  - Two calves infected with Mycobacterium avium and another 2 with Mycobacterium
      bovis were studied for development and specificity of lymphocyte activation
      responses and skin reactivity to purified protein derivatives (PPD). Lymphocytes
      cultured in vitro from infected calves manifested significant uptake of tritiated
      thymidine in response to the PPD prepared from the homologous organisms, whereas
      heterologous PPD produced little or no stimulation. The time of appearance of
      specifically sensitized lymphocytes was studied, as was the specificity of skin
      reactivity.

PMID- 1092233
TI  - Oxygen: boon and bane.

PMID- 1092234
TI  - Interacinar pathways in the human lung.
AB  - Normal lung specimens from patients 18 to 86 years of age were inflated, fixed,
      and cleared. After micropuncture of the distal airspaces and injection of
      silicone rubber, the dissemination pattern was studied by cinematography. Free
      interacinar flow was commonly observed. The major pathways of spread among
      adjacent acini were the interacinar ducts. These were short, tubular structures
      200 mum in diameter that were continuous with respiratory bronchioles and
      alveolar ducts. The flow of silicone rubber was impeded only by the septa of the
      secondary lobule of Miller. Our finding support the view that the smallest
      morphologic unit of airspace disease is more likely to be the secondary lobule
      than the acinus.

PMID- 1092235
TI  - Bronchocentric granulomatosis, mucoid impaction, and hypersensitivity reactions
      to fungi.

PMID- 1092236
TI  - Either-or? (Why not both?)

PMID- 1092237
TI  - Cavitary pulmonary cryptococcosis complicated by aspergilloma.
AB  - A roentgenogram of a 31-year-old office worker who had developed pleuritic pain
      showed multiple abscess cavities in the left lower lobe, and a clinical diagnosis
      of cryptococcosis was considered because of cryptococci recovered from a sputum
      smear and a positive indirect fluorescent antibody test. Lobectomy (after
      unsuccessful amphotericin therapy) proved the presence of a destructive
      cryptococcosis with Aspergillus proliferating in the cavities.

PMID- 1092238
TI  - The Army Medical School: Walter Reed Army Institute of Research.

PMID- 1092239
TI  - Effect of continuous positive pressure ventilation on cardiac output.
AB  - Ten mongrel dogs were placed on 5 and 10 cm. H20 of CPPV. Cardiac output,
      pulmonary vascular resistance and pleural pressures were measured. At 5 cm.
      H20/CPPV there was no significant change in cardiac output or pulmonary vascular
      resistance. At 10 cm. H20 CPPV cardiac output significantly decreased and
      pulmonary vascular resistance increased. The physiologic basis for these changes
      is discussed and related to the clinical situation.

PMID- 1092240
TI  - Changing surgical indications in azotemic secondary hyperparathyroidism.
AB  - It would appear that the initial enthusiasm for surgery in azotemic secondary
      hyperparathyroidism was unsupported by conclusive data, but that a therapeutic
      alternative recommending surgical abstinence represents an equally extreme
      position, particularly since the long-term effects of sustained mild
      hyperparathyroidism are unknown. The proper course at present for the patient's
      best interests might best be described as selective. Final resolution of
      conditional therapy in azotemic hyperparathyroidism awaits the completion of
      objective studies.

PMID- 1092241
TI  - [Right ventricle with double outlet associated to total anomalous pulmonary
      venous drainage to innominate vein].
AB  - The clinical findings of 2 patients are studied with an association of
      malformations not previously reported: double outlet right ventricle and total
      anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the innominate vein. The following
      features are worth while to be underlined: 1. Both patients showed a discordance
      between viscero-atrial situs and direction of the apex; 2. In both cases,
      particularly in case 2, there existed a very unusual spacial relationship between
      ventricles, the right ventricle being superior with respect to the left
      ventricular cavity; 3. From the embryological viewpoint, this ventricular
      arrangement is supposed to be due to an arrest of the development of the heart in
      the straight tube stage, there being, however, an upwards expansion of the
      atrioventricular canal and common atrium; 4. An accurate diagnosis of the common
      or divided nature of the atrioventricular valves has been impossible in these
      cases; 5. These combination of lesions constitutes a challenge to cardiologists
      and surgeons as far as the surgical indication is concerned. In that sense, the
      simple anastomosis of the common pulmonary vein to the left atrium, although is
      not a radical cure, may be a feasible and beneficial procedure.

PMID- 1092242
TI  - [Persistance of Treponema palldium after treatment during experimental and human
      syphilis].

PMID- 1092243
TI  - Penetrating keratoplasty in a patient with 75% third degree burns.
AB  - A 25-year-old woman was severely burned in a gasoline explosion in her home. One
      month after her admission to the hospital a mycotic corneal ulcer, caused by
      Candida albicans, developed and progressed to a descemetocele in spite of medical
      therapy. A therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty was performed and the graft
      remained clear until the present time (10 months of follow-up). The one episode
      of clinical corneal graft rejection occurred at the same time the first evidence
      of return of immune competence was seen in her skin grafts. The corneal rejection
      episode was successfully treated by topical corticosteroids.

PMID- 1092244
TI  - A simple levator resection operation.
AB  - A simple procedure for identification and isolation of the levator muscle is
      presented. With this technique the conjunctiva need not be cut from its tarsal
      connection. No extra sutures are used to create a lid fold. It is emphasized
      again that the criterion for the amount of levator resection is not the degree of
      ptosis but the amount of levator action.

PMID- 1092245
TI  - Benign paroxysmal positonal vertigo: A clinical study.
AB  - Summary--Ru-Vert, a combination product, containing in each tablet, 25 mg of
      pentylenetetrazol, 12.5 mg of pheniramine maleate, and 50 mg of nictonic acid,
      was evaluated in the treatment of seventeen patients with benign paroxysmal
      positional vertigo. The study was double-blind with crossover. Ru-Vert at a
      dosage of two tablets t.i.d. was found to reduce significantly the nystagmus and
      the vertigo induced by Hallpike maneuvers in these patients.

PMID- 1092246
TI  - Serum and urine polyamines in cancer.
AB  - Polyamines in serum and urine have been found to be elevated in patients with
      cancer. A variety of methods employed for these measurements are discussed.
      Normal values obtained by the most recent methods are presented, and a survey has
      been made of polyamine levels in cancer patients.

PMID- 1092247
TI  - McArdle's disease: a review.
AB  - The clinical features of McArdle's disease (inherited deficiency of skeletal
      muscle phosphorylase) and the histological and biochemical changes are described.
      Their possible causes are discussed in the light of recent knowledge of the
      biochemistry of muscular contraction. Diagnostic tests are detailed. Attention is
      drawn to the possibility that the disease may be due to primary defect of
      motoneurons.

PMID- 1092248
TI  - Current status of zinc deficiency in the pathogenesis of neurological,
      dermatological and musculoskeletal disorders.
AB  - Recent clinical and experimental studies suggest that zinc deficiency may play an
      important role in the pathogenesis of (1) acrodermatitis enteropathica, and in
      certain cases of (2) hypogonadal dwarfism, (3) congenital malformations, (4)
      hypogeusia and hyposmia, (5) nyctalopia and (6) impaired wound healing.
      Distrubances of zinc metabolism also occur in a broad spectrum of other clinical
      disorders. The pathophysiological factors which are responsible for hypozincemia
      include: (1) nutritional deficiency and/or intestinal malabsorption of zinc; (2)
      hyperzincuria secondary to aminoaciduria; (3) hormonal effects (cortisol, growth
      hormone, estrogens); (4) hypoalbuminemia; and (5) effects of leukocytic
      endogenous mediator. The clinical diagnosis of zinc deficiency in patients with
      specific neurological, dermatological and musculoskeletal disorders is
      complicated by the complex interactions of these pathophysiological factors and
      by the need for more dependable laboratory indices of zinc deprivation.

PMID- 1092250
TI  - Electrophysiology of neuroglia.

PMID- 1092249
TI  - The measurement of erythropoietin.
AB  - The bioassay of erythropoietin in animals is reviewed. The techniques employed
      are those of hypertransfusion and hypoxia using polycythemic mice.

PMID- 1092251
TI  - Defense mechanisms of the lungs.

PMID- 1092252
TI  - Kidney.

PMID- 1092253
TI  - Regional blood flow.

PMID- 1092254
TI  - The effects of light on man and other mammals.

PMID- 1092255
TI  - Structure-function relationships in excitable membranes.

PMID- 1092256
TI  - Comparative physiology of suspension feeding.

PMID- 1092257
TI  - [Effect of antibiotics on the indices on nonspecific immunity].
AB  - Multiple (for 14 and 20 days) administrations of antibiotics, such as tetraolean,
      tetracycline and penicillin from the beginning of the animal immunization
      (rabbits and albino rats) with typhoid fever and candidosis vaccines inhibited
      activity of both the non-specific and the specific immunity.

PMID- 1092258
TI  - [Caffeine as an inhibitor of the conjugation transfer of R-factors. A study of
      the quantitative effect of caffeine on the conjugation transfer of R-factors].
AB  - The effect of caffeine on the conjugation transfer of R-factors was studied using
      a standartized kinetic conjugation system described earlier. It was shown that
      caffeine had a pronounced inhibitory effect on R-factor transfer. The inhibition
      coefficients at a caffeine concentration of 2000 gamma/ml were from 2.5 (when
      using strain CSH-2 R222 of E. coli as the donor) to 13.8 (when using strain J5-3
      RI drd of E. coli as the donor). Higher concentrations of caffeine induced a
      significant increase in the coefficient. Since R-transfer inhibition was induced
      by rather high concentrations of caffeine, the effect of equivalent
      concentrations of some normal metabolites of the purine and pyrimidine series,
      such as ATP, guanine, cytosine and thymine was studied. It was shown that the
      substances had no inhibitory effect on R-factor transfer. Inhibition of P
      transfer by caffeine did not depend on either the type of R-factor or the
      microbial host.

PMID- 1092259
TI  - [Study of the conditions for mass transfer in the nystatin biosynthetic process].
AB  - The kinetics of the biomass growth, nystatin production and carbohydrate
      consumption in cultures of act. noursei in 180 liter fermenters was studied.
      Under conditions of intensive agitation (Klas greater than 6) dependence of the
      specific productivity on the specific rates of growth and carbohydrate
      consumption was found. No such dependence between the above parameters were
      observed under conditions of poor agitation (Klas smaller than 3.5). It was shown
      that at the beginning of the cultivation process the coefficient of oxygen
      transfer Kla rapidly decreased. Later the value of Kla decreased slightly.
      Dependence of the maximum activity of the culture fluid on the average
      coefficient of masstransfer with respect to oxygen was observed.

PMID- 1092260
TI  - [Study of the effect of nystatin and mycoheptin on the intrauterine development
      of the rat fetus].
AB  - The effect of nystatin and mycoheptyne on pregnancy and fetus of rats of Wister
      line was studied after single and multiple oral administrations of the drugs.
      Nystatin was used in single doses of 3000, 500 and 100 mg/kg. In chronic
      experiments the dose was 500 mg/kg. It was found that nystatin had a slight
      abortive effect when used during the whole period of pregnancy. Mycoheptyne was
      used in single doses of 1000, 100 and 20 mg/kg. In chronic experiments the dose
      was 100 mg/kg. It was noted that mycoheptyne had a higher toxic effect on the
      pregnant rats than nystatin. The animal death and abortus were observed more
      often. The level of the changes depended on the dose, time and period of the
      antibiotic use. No defects in the rat fetus were found.

PMID- 1092261
TI  - ["Typical" and "atypical" damages of the organ of hearing from the administration
      of streptomycin].
AB  - Two areas of the damage localization in the organs of hearing after streptomycin
      use were found in the experiments with guinea pigs, i.e. (1) the Corti's organ of
      the lower part of the basal helix, the zone of perception of the maximum
      frequency sounds and (2) the tympanic muscles. Administration of streptomycin
      subcutaneously in a daily dose of 300 mg/kg for 50 days resulted in pronounced
      atrophic changes in the fibres of m. tensor tympani and some atony of m.
      stapedius. On the basis of the histological examination of the tympanic muscles
      after prolonged use of streptomycin and comparison of the periods of the tonus
      reduction in the skeletal muscles and Preier reflex after a single administration
      of streptomycin in maximum tolerating doses, it was concluded that streptomycin
      affected the state of the tympanic muscles as a myorelaxant. The atrophic changes
      in the tensor as a result of prolonged streptomycin use was due to chronic atony
      of the muscle. The decrease in the contraction capacity of the tensor must result
      in loosening of the drum membrane tension, impairement of the muscle activity
      coordination, decreased ability for elimation of the auditory ossicle
      fluctuation. Increased audibility limits within middle and low frequencies and
      noise in the ears during prolonged treatment of patients with streptomycin may be
      associated with chronic atony of the tympanic muscles and mainly tensor.

PMID- 1092262
TI  - Toxigenic thermophilic and thermotolerant fungi.
AB  - Twenty-three isolates of fungi, representing 13 thermophilic and thermotolerant
      species, were bioassayed for toxigenicity to brine shrimp, chicken embryos, and
      rats. Thirteen isolates representing nine genera were highly toxic to at least
      two of the three systems. Seven additional isolates of five genera were slightly
      toxic.

PMID- 1092263
TI  - Rapid determination of the amount of cetylpyridinium chloride bound by bacteria.
AB  - A modification of the Colowick and Womack procedure for measuring ligand binding
      by macromolecules is described for drug binding by bacteria. This technique is
      based on the determination of drug concentration in the dialysate from a bacteria
      drug mixture at equilibrium. The dialysis cell of the original procedure was
      replaced by a Minibeaker (Bio-Rad), which has a larger membrane surface area, and
      the dialysate was continuously monitored with a spectrophotometer equipped with a
      flow cell. With this system, only 3 min was required to determine the amount of
      cetylpyridinium chloride bound by Escherichia coli K-12 strain P678. Possible
      applications of the technique are discussed.

PMID- 1092264
TI  - Improved membrane filter method for fecal coliform analysis.
AB  - A two-layer agar method has been developed which consistently yields higher
      recovery of fecal coliforms on membrane filters when compared to the existing
      membrane fecal coliform procedure. This method has been evaluated by three
      laboratories using samples of raw and chlorinated waste water, and reservoir,
      river, and marine waters. Verification of 1,013 fecal coliform colonies isolated
      from 61 water samples averaged 92% on this proposed procedure. Comparison with
      the Standard Methods membrane fecal coliform procedure revealed the two-layer
      agar method had an overall increased sensitivity to fecal coliform detection in
      these waters. It is therefore proposed that this procedure be evaluated as an
      alternative to the Standard Methods fecal coliform membrane Filter test in the
      examination of chlorinated secondary effluents, marine waters, and any natural
      waters that may contain pollutants with heavy metal ions.

PMID- 1092265
TI  - Violet red bile 2 agar for stressed coliforms.
AB  - Counts on a new, autoclave-sterilizable violet red bile (VRB-2) agar were
      compared with counts on freshly boiled VRB agar. Yields on VRB-2 agar averaged
      217, 180, 130, and 112% of counts obtained on the control medium for samples of
      water, cottage cheese, frozen vegetables, and raw milk, respectively. The general
      principle used for the development of VRB-2 agar could be applied to many other
      kinds of selective plating media.

PMID- 1092266
TI  - Repair and enumeration of injured coliforms by a plating procedure.
AB  - Surface plating of coliforms on Trypticase soy agar, followed by 1 to 2 h of
      incubation at 25 C and subsequent overlay with violet red bile agar, was found to
      be a useful method for the repair and enumeration of coliforms injured by
      freezing.

PMID- 1092267
TI  - The in vitro synthesis of lysozyme, total proteins, and polyphenylalanine by
      ribosomes containing hydrolyzed ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 1092268
TI  - Isolation of a peptide containing a histidinyl-cysteinyl sequence from the active
      center of transaldolase.

PMID- 1092269
TI  - Structure of transfer RNA-AMINOACYL TRANSFER RNA synthetase complexes
      investigated by nuclease digestion.

PMID- 1092270
TI  - Structure of the fluorescent nucleoside of yeast phenylalanine transfer
      ribonucleic acid.

PMID- 1092271
TI  - Letter: Bullae due to pressure.

PMID- 1092273
TI  - Phagocytosis and killing ability of Candida albicans by blood leucocytes of
      healthy term and preterm babies.
AB  - The phagocytosis and killing ability of leucocytes of 24 term and 22 preterm
      babies against Candida albicans were studies during the first 20 days of life
      because of the increased incidence of monilia infection at this time. The
      leucocytes of 14 adults aged 20 to 30 years served as controls. The phagocytosis
      ability of the leucocytes in adults, term, and preterm babies was not
      significantly different, mean values being respectively 66-7%, 57%, and 56-9%.
      The killing ability of the leycocytes in term and preterm babies was lower when
      compared with that of adult leucocytes (P less than 0-001 for term and P less
      than 0-01 for preterm infants). The mean value in adults was 27-5%, in term
      infants 9-7%, and in preterm infants 9-5%. It is suggested that as the addition
      of adult serum did not improve the candidacidal ability of newborn leucocytes,
      the killing defect should be sought in the leucocyte itself and not in serum
      factors.

PMID- 1092272
TI  - Jejunal microflora in malnourished Gambian children.
AB  - Growth of bacteria greater than 10-5 organisms/ml was found in 22 children, of
      whom 17 gave a histroy of chronic diarrhoea. The other 8 children had either no
      diarrhoea or where having an acute attack lasting for a few days. In those with
      chronic diarrhoea, Esch. coli, bacteroides, and enterococci tended to occur more
      frequently, whereas streptococci occurred more frequently in those with acute
      diarrhoea. Bacilli, staphylococci, micrococci, klebsiellas, pseudomonads, and
      candidas often occurred in both groups and in large numbers in those with chronic
      diarrhoea. This confirms previous reports in other parts of the world that some
      children with malnutrition have considerable bacterial contamination of the
      jejunum, and that this may be of aetiological significance as a cause of much of
      the diarrhoea seen in malnourished children. It is possible too that this may be
      important in the pathogenesis of malnutrition. The presence of intestinal
      parasites in these malnourished children is also noted. A double-blind trial in
      the use of antibiotics in this condition is advocated to determine whether it is
      possible to break the diarrhoea-malabsorption-malnutrition cycle. At the same
      time the effect of simply removing the child to a more sanitary environment,
      together with an estimate of the natural clearance of bacteria from the upper
      intestine, should be evaluated.

PMID- 1092274
TI  - Macrophage-lymphocyte clustering in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The cells in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis contain a
      small percentage of macrophages. Such macrophages were isolated and cultured
      alone and with homologous and heterologous lymphocytes for 24 hours, in an
      attempt to identify possible contact between living lymphocytes and macrophages.
      Such contact was found, with clustering of lymphocytes around macrophages, and
      was particularly well shown by scanning electron microscopy.

PMID- 1092276
TI  - Suppression of malaria with monthly administration of combined sulphadoxine and
      pyrimethamine.
AB  - A trial of suppression of malaria by administration of combined sulphadoxine
      pyrimethamine tablets every 28 days was undertaken in West Malaysia during 1972.
      One thousand subjects were followed over a 10-month period, including control
      groups on placebo and on weekly chloroquine. Subjects were examined monthly for
      parasitaemia, drug reactions, leucopenia, teratogenicity and haemolysis among the
      subjects deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Rates of new infections
      in the placebo group were 8.0% with Plasmodium falciparum and 6.2% with P. vivax;
      in the group receiving weekly chloroquine, 5.1% P. falciparum and 0.3% P. vivax;
      and in the group receiving monthly sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, 0.3% P. Falciparum
      and 1.0% P. vivax. The effective rate of cure of new infections with P.
      falciparum by a single suppressive dose of combined sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine
      given the following month was 88.7%. No serious side effects were observed.

PMID- 1092277
TI  - Chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria from West Irian and East Kalimantan.

PMID- 1092275
TI  - Liver disease in rheumatoid arthritis and Sjogren's syndrome. Prospective study
      using biochemical and serological markers of hepatic dysfunction.
AB  - Inter-relationships of biochemical and immunological tests of liver function have
      been studied in a prospective study of 216 patients with rheumatoid arthritis
      (RA), 32 patients with Sjogren's syndrome, and 27 patients with the sicca
      syndrome, and these results have been compared with those obtained 289 patients
      with osteoarthrosis or with a form of seronegative polyarthropathy. In general
      the prevalence of abnormalities in serum alkaline phosphatase, bromsulphthalein
      excretion, smooth muscle antibody, and mitochondrial antibody in the former three
      groups was higher than in patients with osteoarthrosis. Patients with Sjogren's
      syndrome with RA had a higher prevalence of abnormalities of bromsulphthalein
      excretion, salivary duct antibody than patients with the sicca syndrome. Patients
      with RA had a higher pervalence of rheumatoid factor than those with the sicca
      syndrome. Patients with a positive smooth muscle or mitochondrial antibody were
      found to have a higher prevalence of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, of abnormal
      liver function tests, of other autoantibodies, and of histological abnromalitis
      of liver than those in whom these tests were negative.

PMID- 1092278
TI  - Metrifonate in urinary schistosomiasis. A field trial in northern Nigeria.
AB  - A field trial of metrifonate in the form of Bilarcil tablets (Bayer) was carried
      out in 39 northern Nigerian schoolchildren heavily infected with Schistosoma
      haematobium. Three oral doses of 7.5 mg/kg were given at four-week intervals. The
      drug proved effective (mean reduction in egg counts eight weeks after completion
      of treatment 94.5%) and was excellently tolerated. Its use on a larger scale is
      suggested.

PMID- 1092279
TI  - Management of acute aortic dissection.
AB  - The therapy for acute dissecting aneurysm of the aorta remains a difficult
      problem for thoracic surgeons. Because of an excessive operative mortality in
      patients with acute dissection who were operated on within 24 hours of hospital
      admission, we have utilized intensive medical management to delay surgical
      intervention. Even patients with acute aortic insufficiency can be supported
      medically, allowing their operations to be delayed at least 3 weeks or longer.
      Since this policy has been implemented, there has been no operative mortality in
      our last 13 patients with acute dissection. Medical therapy as the definitive
      treatment is now reserved solely for Type III dissections or for patients who
      cannot be operated on for other reasons. This report outlines our rationale for
      therapy and our current method of managing acute dissection.

PMID- 1092280
TI  - Calcified postoperative epicardial granuloma.
AB  - A sterile calcified granuloma on the external surface of a right ventriculotomy
      in an 8-year-old boy was identified four years after closure of a ventricular
      septal defect; He had no symptoms, but a systolic ejection murmur was identified
      and disappeared after resection of the lesion. Sensitivity to silk suture
      material is suggested by the operative findings and a history of multiple silk
      suture sinuses developing in his uninfected original thoracotomy incision.

PMID- 1092281
TI  - Overview of recent research in depression. Integration of ten conceptual models
      into a comprehensive clinical frame.
AB  - Disciplinary fragmentation and nosological and semantic controversies have
      obscured the impressive advances made in the area of depressive disorders during
      the past decade. This article is an attempt to translate data derived from
      psychodynamic, sociobehavioral, and neurobiologic research into a clinically
      meaningful framework. We review ten models of depression with special emphasis on
      newer models supported by empirical and experimental studies, and present a new
      model, which incorporates and synthesizes findings from different schools.
      Depressive illness is conceptualized as the feedback interaction of three sets of
      variables at chemical, experiential, and behavioral levels with the diencephalon
      serving as the field of action.

PMID- 1092282
TI  - Interaction of drug therapy with marital therapy in depressive patients.
AB  - Comparative effects of the antidepressant drug, amitriptyline hydrochloride,
      marital therapy, and the drug-psychotherapy interaction effects were studied in a
      12-week course of treatment of outpatient depressives. Patients were assigned
      randomly to four treatment groups, in a 2 times 2 factorial design: (1) drug
      marital therapy; (2) drug-minimal contact; (3) placebo-marital therapy; and (4)
      placebo-minimal contact. Both drug and marital therapy showed substantial
      beneficial advantages over their control conditions, but drug therapy was faster
      and generally superior in symptom relief and clinical improvement. Marital
      therapy was superior in family role task performance and perception of the
      marital relationship. For reducing hostility and enhancing the perception of the
      marital relationship, drug therapy had a better early effect, but marital therapy
      had superior effects by the end of treatment.

PMID- 1092283
TI  - Antidepressants in black and white inpatients. Differential response to a
      controlled trial of chlorpromazine and imipramine.
AB  - Differential effects of chlorpromazine, imipramine hydrochloride, and a placebo
      were examined in 159 black and 555 white depressed patients in a multihospital
      collaborative study. In making these comparisons, the effects of age and social
      class were controlled. The major study findings were the differential effects of
      the active drugs for the black men and women. Chlorpromazine was the most
      efficacious treatment for black women, whereas imipramine was most efficacious
      for black men. These differences occurred on global ratings of improvement as
      well as on specific symptoms such as depression, anxiety, guilt-worthlessness,
      sleep disturbances, and social participation. Black patients also evidenced a
      higher improvement rate at one week, irrespective of treatment, than did the
      white patients.

PMID- 1092284
TI  - An adrenergic drug in depression.
AB  - It has been suggested that depression is a disease of cholinergic dominance and
      since the beta-adrenergic blocking drug propranolol hydrochloride can cause
      depression, there arises the possibility that a beta-adrenergic stimulant could
      benefit the condition. For ethical reasons, the adrenergic drug metaproterenol
      sulfate was combined with chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride and compared to placebo
      and chlordiazepoxide in a formal double-blind trial. However, the results did not
      show any advantage for the addition of metaproterenol either in respect of
      enhanced antidepressant effect or a reduced incidence, nature, or severity of
      side-effects.

PMID- 1092285
TI  - Double-blind comparison of lithium carbonate and imipramine in treatment of
      depression.
AB  - The effect of lithium carbonate therapy on patients with depression is still
      unconfirmed. Our past studies have shown a favorable response to the drug in
      patients with depression of mild or moderate severity. Therefore, we performed a
      controlled double-blind study of lithium carbonate and imipramine hydrochloride
      in 64 patients with depression. No significant differences were noted in the
      overall therapeutic response, depression scale scores, or clinical effects
      between the two drug groups.

PMID- 1092286
TI  - New Academy President. Eugene Moskowitz, M.D.

PMID- 1092287
TI  - 1974 Krusen Award. Sidney Licht, M.D.

PMID- 1092288
TI  - Dr. Howard Koon patents furnace.

PMID- 1092289
TI  - [Researches by experiments on animals and histopathological researches about the
      procedings of adapatation of the bone after implantation of selfsuspending
      prostheses with endented shaft (author's transl)].

PMID- 1092290
TI  - [The alumina oxide ceramic-metal composite endoprosthesis. A new hip
      endoprosthesis for partially cement free implantation (author's transl)].
AB  - The favorable combination of properties of dense, pure Al2O3-ceramics as a
      material for endoprostheses of the high load bearing joints have been confirmed
      in more than 4 years of experimental work with different types of animals. During
      this period Al2O3-ceramic parts for total hip replacement have already been
      developed and tested as well as the special instrumentation and the technique of
      the surgical procedure concerned. Based on these experiences a new total hip
      endoprostheses together with its complete technique for the operation is
      presented with which an improved alternative for replacements of Weber-Huggler
      prostheses is offered and the application of total hip replacements can be
      extended to patients below 60 years of age.

PMID- 1092291
TI  - Isolation of the spirochetes in the perilymph despite prior antisyphilitic
      therapy: a case report.
AB  - For the congenital syphilitic patient to develop sensorineural deafness is
      uncommon. For the congenital syphilitic patient to have persistence of treponemes
      after treatment is rare. To demonstrate viable organisms in the inner ear
      perilymph of the congenital syphilitic patient, despite treatment with
      penicillin, has not been recorded to date. This is a case report of such a
      patient.

PMID- 1092292
TI  - Misadventures with injectable polytef (Teflon).
AB  - The intracordal injection of polytef (Teflon)-glycerine suspension has proved
      most effective in relieving dysphonia due to unilateral recurrent nerve
      paralysis. However, if errors in the technique of injection are committed or if
      patients are not properly selected, a potentially good result will not be
      achieved or the voice will be made worse.

PMID- 1092293
TI  - Accuracy of the Bing and Rinne tuning fork tests.
AB  - Fifty children seen in an ENT clinic received the Bing and Rinne tuning fork
      tests, otoscopic examination, and puretone audiometry to determine the accuracy
      of the tuning fork tests in predicting otoscopic abnormality or conductive
      hearing loss. Neither tuning fork test showed high accuracy. The Bing test
      overidentified by yielding negative results (conductive loss) for many ears with
      normal hearing or sensorineural loss. It correctly identified conductive loss or
      otoscopic abnormality only slightly better than chance57% to 66% of the time. The
      Rinne test identified with high accuracy those ears with a 40 dB or greater air
      bone gap. For air-bone gaps of 10-35 dB, only 27% of the ears gave negative
      results, meaning correct identification. However, when a negative Rinne occurred,
      the result was in error only 2% of the time.

PMID- 1092294
TI  - Effects of injected deposteroid on posttonsillectomy morbidity: a double-blind
      study.
AB  - There are numerous studies using various agents to reduce posttonsillectomy
      morbidity. Due to lack of conclusive results a double-blind study using
      methylprednisolone acetate (Depo Medrol) was conducted. A total of 165 patients
      were randomly divided into two groups. Following tonsillectomy 2.5 ml of solution
      was injected into the base of each tonsillar fossa. The study group received 20
      mg of deposteroid to each fossa while the control group got normal saline. The
      deposteroid reduced postoperative pain but did not significantly alter other
      factors contributing to morbidity such as difficulty in swallowing or resumption
      of a normal diet. The deposteroid appeared to have no effect on the rate of
      healing of the tonsillar fossa.

PMID- 1092296
TI  - Ralph Waldo Gerard.

PMID- 1092295
TI  - Silicone elastomer sheeting in the development of pedicle flaps.
AB  - A "delay" of a pedicle flap stimulates improvement in the flap circulation,
      probably through partial ischemia. The degree of stimulation prsent at any given
      time is inversely proportional to the length of time that has passed after the
      delay because progressive revascularization across the delay lines reduces the
      ischemis stimulus. This revascularization can ve prevented by placing silicone
      elastomers (Silastic) sheeting between the flap and its bed.

PMID- 1092297
TI  - [Influence of hypothyreodism on the quantitative Karyo- and cytoarchitecture of
      rat hepatocytes. (A morphometrical and cytophotometrical study on rat hepatocytes
      3 weeks after thyreoidectomy) (author's transl)].
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Thyroid hormoned influence the quantitative cytoarchitecture of
      hepatocytes by stimulating the membrane synthesis of mitochondria and
      ergastoplasm. The cellular and nuclear changes produced by thyroidectomy were
      analysed cytophotometrically and morphometrically. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 21 days
      after thyroidectomy the liver tissues of 10 male Wistar rats were examined. 5
      sham-operated animals served as controls. All rats received Altromin-R-standard
      diet. The cytophotometric analysis is based on the method described by
      Sandritter. The morphometric study was carried out following Weibel's methods.
      RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: As a consequence of the changed cellular metabolism,
      smaller hepatocytes and nuclei (but larger nucleoli) are found in the hypothyroid
      rats. As compared with controls, hepatocytes hardly show tetraploid nuclei, which
      is due to inhibited polyploidisation. The mitochondrial content has become
      considerably smaller in the hypothyroid hepatocytes. The cristal membranes, the
      mitochondrial and peroxysomal volume per hepatocyte show a similar reaction
      pattern, which is considered to be a sign of reduced cellular metabolism. The
      volume loss of the ergastoplasm confirms this assumption.

PMID- 1092298
TI  - Membrane bound substrate recognition components of the dicarboxylate transport
      system in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1092299
TI  - Lipiarmycin: an antibiotic inhibiting nucleic acid polymerases.

PMID- 1092300
TI  - Factor C-LHIH which inhibits the luteinizing hormone from basal release and from
      synthetic LHRH and studies on purification of FSHRH.

PMID- 1092301
TI  - Mutagenicity of vinyl chloride, chloroethyleneoxide, chloroacetaldehyde and
      chloroethanol.

PMID- 1092302
TI  - Mechanisms of action of 6-hydroxydopamine.

PMID- 1092303
TI  - Antitumor effects of bis-thiosemicarbazones--inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis in vitro.

PMID- 1092304
TI  - Tubercidin and isopropylureidopurine--inhibitors of ribothymidine synthesis in
      vitro.

PMID- 1092305
TI  - Maturation of the adrenal medulla. III. Practical and theoretical considerations
      of age-dependent alterations in kinetics of incorporation of catecholamines and
      non-catecholamines.

PMID- 1092306
TI  - Effects of amphetamine and its hydroxylated derivatives on newly synthesized
      hypothalamic norepinephrine; study in vitro.

PMID- 1092307
TI  - The involvement of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the spontaneous and drug induced release of
      (3H)noradrenaline from mesenteric arteries.

PMID- 1092308
TI  - The effect of gamma,gamma-bis-4-ethylphenyl-alpha,beta-dibromoisocrotonic acid on
      Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and yeast cells.

PMID- 1092309
TI  - Bibliography for supervision.

PMID- 1092310
TI  - ASHA in retrospect.  Fiftieth anniversary reflections.

PMID- 1092311
TI  - Salmonellosis in cattle.

PMID- 1092312
TI  - Correspondence: E coli resistance to antibiotics.

PMID- 1092313
TI  - Further investigations on M. leprae. Growth promotion and inhibition by organic
      substances and observations on antagonistic and syntergistic effects.
AB  - The multiplication of 2 strains of M. leprae on a medium containing a sonic
      extract (SE), prepared from M. smegmatis, was promoted by cysteine, tryptophane
      and dimethylasulfoxide (DMSO), while glutamic acid, glutamine and histidine
      exerted variable effects.  The final effects of glutamic acid and glutamine were
      determined by the total concentration of both compounds together.  The presence
      of cysteine and glutamic acid alone or together with DMSO abolished all
      inhibitory effects.  Desferal did not enable the multiplication of M. leprae on
      media devoid of SE prepared from M. smegmatis.  However with SE and 0.005 per
      cent and 0.002 per cent concentrations of Desferal its initial growth was
      accelerated.  Its final counts, noted after an 8-month incubation, did not exceed
      those observed without Desferal.  Puring and pyrimidine compounds promoted
      markekly the multiplication of M. leprae (counts greater than 3 times 10-7/ml). 
      The highest counts were observed with pyrimidines (thymine, thymidine, cytosine)
      applied single or combined.

PMID- 1092314
TI  - Letter: 'Anterior porcelain crowns in general practice'.

PMID- 1092315
TI  - The problems facing the historical research worker.

PMID- 1092316
TI  - Norman Holroyd Wood, L.D.S.

PMID- 1092317
TI  - Anterior porcelain crowns in general practice. 3.--Bonded and temporary crowns;
      try in and cementation.

PMID- 1092318
TI  - Edward Davies-Thomas, T.D., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., L.D.S.

PMID- 1092319
TI  - Directory of the British Dental Association.

PMID- 1092320
TI  - Effect of propranolol on left ventricular function, segmental wall motion, and
      diastolic pressure-volume relation in man.
AB  - Precise quantitation of the effects of the non-selective beta adrenergic blocking
      drug propranolol (3.15 mg/kg body weight) on left ventricular function, segmental
      wall motion, and diastolic pressure-volume relation in man has been performed.
      High fidelity left ventricular pressure measurements and simultaneous single
      plane angiocardiograms were recorded on a video disc and volumes calculated by a
      light-pen computer system. Systolic segmental wall motion was computer analysed
      using the long axis-quadrasection method. Patients were transvenously atrially
      paced to maintain a constant heart rate. The haemodynamic effects of propranolol
      may vary depending upon the extent of pre-existing myocardial disease. In some
      patients ventricular function, as measured by ejection fraction, may be reduced.
      This reduction in ejection fraction appears to result from overall reduction in
      segmental wall motion, but also from accentuation of segmental wall
      abnormalities. These results are consistent with the thesis that beta adrenergic
      blocking drugs may inhibit compensatory sympathetic mechanisms. The diastolic
      effects of propranolol may include quite substantial increases in ventricular
      volumes in those patients with impaired cardiac function. With respect to the
      intact human ventricle, propranolol may increase diastolic volume for a given
      level of ventricular pressure. Thus, in a static sense, the ventricle in these
      patients could be viewed as being more compliant after propranolol
      administration. However, the fact that the length-tension relation, as measured
      by the slope of the logarithmic pressure versus volume plot is unaltered by
      propranolol, suggests that the muscle comprising the ventricle itself exhibits no
      alteration in its passive elastic properties.

PMID- 1092321
TI  - Functional and post-oral contraceptive amenorrhoea: response to luteinizing
      hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH).
AB  - Basal levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
      in serum and their response to the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH)
      were measured in a group of patients with functional amenorrhoea. The results in
      this group were compared to those obtained in a second group of patients with
      secondary amenorrhoea which had followed cessation of a combined oral
      contraceptive. No difference either in the basal levels or in the response to LH
      RH could be found. These data indicate that there is no detectable difference in
      pituitary gonadotrophin status between the two groups and that the two types of
      amenorrhoea have ghe same aetiological background.

PMID- 1092322
TI  - Pathological mechanisms to explain some cases of amenorrhoea without organic
      disease.
AB  - A test is described to define the site of the lesion causing amenorrhoea in women
      of child-bearing age who have normal ovaries and a normal response to luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH). Patients able to produce a release of LH
      following the administration of 1 mg. of oestradiol benzoate (EB) have normal
      hypothalamic function and thus the site of the defect must lie more centrally in
      the brain. Patients unable to show these LH surges have either a primary or
      secondary abnormality affecting their hypothalamic oestrogen "receptor"
      mechanisms or their ability to produce LH-RH.

PMID- 1092323
TI  - Keratomycosis in Lucknow.

PMID- 1092324
TI  - Translation of poly(riboadenylic acid)-enriched messenger RNAs from the yeast,
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in heterologous cell-free systems.
AB  - Poly(riboadenylic acid) [poly(A)] enriched messenger RNAs from yeast have been
      used to direct the synthesis of yeast polypeptides in mouse Krebs II ascites and
      wheat embryo extracts. Both cell-free systems, synthesize polypeptides over a
      molecular weight range of 10,000-100,000. Autoradiograms of sodium dodecyl
      sulfate-polyacrylamide slab gels used to fractionate [35S]methionine-labeled in
      vitro products reveal that about 25 major bands (each of them possibly
      representing multiple polypeptides) are produced by each cell-free system. Each
      of these coelectrophoreses with a major polypeptide labeled in vivo or in a yeast
      lysate. These results suggest that cell-free translational machinery from
      eukaryotes is not able to discriminate in an all or none fashion against
      messenger RNAs which are available to it. While yeast poly(A)-enriched messenger
      RNA directs the synthesis polypeptides over approximately the same molecular
      weight range in both cell-free systems, the wheat germ system directs the
      incorporation of 45 times the amount of [3H]serine into Cl3CCOOH-precipitable
      polypeptides. This is in contrast to the 2.5-fold more efficient translation of
      hemoglobin mRNA in the wheat embryo extract. Thus, the extract from mammalian
      cells is able to translate mRNA from a lower plant with a much lower efficiency
      than it translates hemoglobin mRNA, and at a lower efficiency than is observed
      using a cell-free system from wheat embryos. This indicates that the wheat embryo
      system is the one of choice for translation of yeast messenger RNA.

PMID- 1092325
TI  - The irreversible step in formation of initiation complexes of Escherichia coli.
AB  - At some stage during initiation the ribosomal subunits of Escherichia coli must
      become irreversibly coupled, since polysomal ribosomes, in contrast to free
      ribosomes, are not dissociated by initiation factor IF-3. To determine when
      irreversibility develops we have compared the response to IF-3 of mature,
      puromycin-reactive initiation complexes, made with GTP, and of intermediate,
      puromycin-unreactive complexes, made with GMPPCP. The latter complexes initially
      appeared to be dissociated by the factor but this effect was found to be due to
      artificial loss of the ligands at the Mg2+ concentration customary in the test
      for dissociation. At a slightly higher Mg2+ concentration (4 mM), sufficient to
      retain the ligands, the GMPPCP complexes were not significantly dissociated by IF
      3, at concentrations that caused complex dissociation of free ribosomes. It thus
      appears that the intermediate 70S initiation complex, though less stable to ionic
      dissociation than the mature complex, is in effect irreversible under
      physiological conditions.

PMID- 1092326
TI  - The predicted secondary structure of the N-terminal sequence of the lac repressor
      and proposed models for its complexation to the lac operator.
AB  - Rules for the prediction of protein conformation (Chou, P. Y., and Fasman, G. D.
      (1974), Biochemistry 13, 211, 222) have been applied to the N-terminal sequence 1
      60 of the lac repressor. This analysis predicts beta structure at sequences 4-9
      and 15-20, helices at 26-32, 38-45, and 52-57, and beta turns at 48-51 and 14-17.
      Repressor mutants lacking operator binding capacity in which Pro replaces Ser-16
      and Ala replaces Thr-19 (Weber, K., Platt, T., Ganem, D., and Miller, J. H.
      (1972), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 69, 3624) have no effect on the prediction
      of beta structure at residues 15 to 20, which suggests that the polar side chains
      of Ser-16, Tyr-17, Gln-18, and Thr-19 participate in intermolecular hydrogen
      bonding with conplementary polar groups on the lac operator. The loss of operator
      binding capacity on replacement of Ala by Val at position 53 in the repressor
      results from a predicted secondary structural change from helix to beta structure
      for residues 52-57 which can be transmitted to the N-terminal sequence via a beta
      turn at residues 48-51. The basic residues at positions 33, 35, and 37 between
      the helical regions 26-32 and 38-45 probably bind to the phosphate groups on the
      operator on complexation. It is proposed that complex formation involves the
      interaction of either a beta structure (residues 15-20) or a right-hand twisted
      antiparallel beta-pleated sheet (residues 4-9 and 12-20) with operator DNA.

PMID- 1092327
TI  - Binding of Met-tRNA-f to native and derived 40S ribosomal subunits.
AB  - Our previous work has shown that the native 40S ribosomal subunits (those found
      free in the cell sap) but not polyribosomal 40S subunits have additional
      associated proteins that are removed by 0.5 M KCl. In this communication we
      present evidence that in the Ehrlich cell one of the native subunit associated
      proteins is the mammalian initiation factor that forms a Met-tRNA-f-factor-GTP
      complex, and is required for the binding of Met-tRNA-f to the 40S subunit.
      Initial examination of the KCl wash of the Ehrlich cell total ribosomal pellet
      revealed a factor which (1) shifted the elution of Met-tRNA-f and of GTP from the
      included to the excluded volume on Sephadex G-100 chromatography, (2) stimulated
      the binding of Met-tRNA-f to Millipore filters, and (3) stimulated the binding of
      Met-tRNA-f to salt-washed 40S subunits. These activities were dependent upon or
      enhanced by GTP; were inhibited by GDP; were much greater for Met-tRNA-f than for
      Met-tRNA-m or for lysyl-tRNA; and were concentrated in the KCl ribosomal wash and
      were not detected in the cell soluble fraction. Met-tRNA-f bound in conjunction
      with a specific amount of KCl wash protein, to form a distinctive particle of
      bouyant density 1.40 g cm minus 3 in CsCl, identical in density to one form of
      the native 40S subunit. Native 40S subunits, but no other subunits, contained a
      factor which was eluted by 0.5 M KCl and which (1) stimulated the binding of Met
      tRNA-f to Millipore filters, and (2) stimulated the binding of Met-tRNA-f to salt
      washed 40S subunits. The factor appeared to be localized on the native 40S
      subunit of density 1.40 g cm minus 3.

PMID- 1092328
TI  - Physical properties of some ribosomal proteins in solution and evidence for
      molecular interactions between isolated ribosomal proteins.
AB  - Many previous studies have been directed toward obtaining a physical
      visualization of the relationship between the protein and RNA in the ribosomal
      subunits isolated from Escherichia coli. The current study is the first report
      where an attempt has been made to directly assess interactions between a pair of
      isolated ribosomal proteins separate from the intact system by means of
      sedimentation equilibrium analysis. The molecular weights of the proteins S3, S4,
      S5, S6, S7, S8, and S20 from the 30S subunit of the E. coli ribosome were
      determined under conditions of assembly of the subunit by sedimentation
      equilibrium. All of the proteins exhibited molecular weights consistent with
      monomeric behavior (i.e., in agreement with the measurement of the ultimate
      molecular weight in denaturing solvents as reported in other studies as well as
      in the current study) except S8 which indicates a tendency to self-associate.
      Hydrodynamic measurements on the proteins indicate that these proteins are not
      completely disorganized in solution such as a random coil, although not as
      compact as globular proteins. The frictional coefficient ratios found for these
      ribosomal proteins range from 1.4 to 1.9. The hydrodynamic data are discussed as
      containing some evidence that stable interaction sites could exist in the
      proteins. The molecular weight data are considered pertinent to a sedimentation
      equilibrium study of protein-protein interactions that may be occurring in the
      ribosomal subunits. Two proteins, S3 and S5, considered in this investigation
      were found to exhibit no tendency to self-associate under conditions of
      reassembly. When the two proteins are mixed under those same conditions, however,
      a species with a molecular weight greater than that of either S3 or S5 is
      observed to be formed. The interpretation is presented that a molecular
      interaction between S3 and S5 is the cause. The system is described as containing
      S3, S5, and a complex between S3 and S5 with a stoichiometry of 1:1 and an
      association equilibrium constant of 5.7 times 10-5 l./mol (delta G-o equals minus
      7.25 kcal/mol). Since the association appears to be specific and of moderate
      strength, it is concluded that the interaction could have some pertinence with
      respect to conferring a structural arrangement in the ribosomal subunit.
      Moreover, it is concluded that protein-protein interactions, in general, must be
      considered in addition to the well documented significant RNA-protein
      relationships when models for ribosome structure and assembly are formulated.

PMID- 1092329
TI  - Interaction of steroids with nucleic acids.
AB  - 17beta-Estradiol and testosterone bind to both native and denatured DNA, and to
      RNA and poly(A)-poly(U). Binding affinity depends on the conformation of nucleic
      acid. Lowering the electrolyte concentration and raising the temperature increase
      the binding of 17beta-estradiol to native DNA and decrease that to denatured DNA.
      In 0.01 M NaCl and at 37 degrees, more 17beta-estradiol is bound to native DNA
      than to denatured DNA. Higher binding of steroid to denatured DNA relative to
      native DNA at low temperature and high ionic strength is related to larger
      fraction of binding sites per unit nucleotide in denatured DNA. In addition to
      17beta-estradiol and testosterone, 17alpha-estradiol, 17beta-estradiol-3-methyl
      ether and 19-nortestosterone also stabilize the structure of nucleic acids and
      poly(A)-poly(U) against thermal denaturation. The 17beta-estradiol induced
      elevation of the T-m of DNA is diminished by methanol or high NaCl concentration.
      These results indicate the involvement of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic
      interactions between steroids and nucleic acids. The results of binding isotherms
      and optical studies suggest a conformational dependence of the binding of
      steroids to nucleic acids.

PMID- 1092330
TI  - Nucleotide specificity of stringent factor and the synthesis of analogs of
      guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate and guanosine 5'-triphosphate 3'
      diphosphate.
AB  - The ribosome-dependent stringent factor reaction was found to be nonspecific with
      regard to the number of phosphate groups linked to the 5' position of guanosine
      nucleotides. Both GMP and guanosine 5'-tetraphosphate could accept a
      pyrophosphoryl group from ATP although at a much lower rate than GDP or GTP.
      Guanosine 5'-monophosphate 3'-diphosphate and guanosine 5'-tetraphosphate 3'
      diphosphate were the products of these reactions. Furthermore, 3'-linked analogs
      of guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate and guanosine 5'-triphosphate 3'
      diphosphate were synthesized from the corresponding ATP analog, adenosine 5'-O-(3
      thiotriphosphate). The stringent factor catalyzed reverse reaction was found to
      be specific for guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate, and was essentially
      inactive to the isomeric form, guanosine 5'-diphosphate 2'-diphosphate.

PMID- 1092331
TI  - The regulation of transcription in bacteriophage T5-infected Escherichia coli.
AB  - The expression of bacteriophage T5-specific RNA and protein in infected cells is
      temporally separated into three classes: class I (preearly), class II (early),
      and class III (late). By immunoprecipitation techniques we have shown that T5
      infection of cells leads to the synthesis of one class I polypeptide (11,000
      daltons) and two class II polypeptides (90,000 and 15,000 daltons) capable of
      binding to the RNA polymerase of the host Escherichia coli cell. One of the class
      II polypeptides (90,000 daltons) is the product of gene C2, which is an essential
      gene product required for the initiation of class III RNA synthesis. The
      colicinogenic factor, ColIb, is a plasmid which prevents the normal synthesis of
      class II and the III bacteriophage T5-specific RNA in infected colicinogenic
      (ColIb+) cells. In T5-infected colicinogenic cells, only the T5 class I
      polypeptide is found associated with the RNA polymerase. Mutants of T5,
      designated T5h minus, are capable of growth on both noncolicinogenic and ColIb+
      hosts. Extracts of T5h minus infected ColIb+ cells were shown to lack a small
      class I polypeptide (12,000 daltons) as compared to T5-infected cells. The h
      minus mutation, however, has no effect on the levels of the class I T5
      polypeptide of similar molecular weight which is bound to the RNA polymerase. One
      effect of the h minus mutation is to enhance the quantities of the two class II
      polypeptides bound to the enzyme.

PMID- 1092332
TI  - Amino acid sequence of dogfish trypsin.
AB  - The amino acid sequence of pancreatic trypsin from the spiny Pacific dogfish
      (Squalus acanthias) has been determined and compared with the sequences of bovine
      and porcine trypsin. Dogfish trypsin contains one less amino acid residue (222)
      than the other two enzymes. Two-thirds of the residues in corresponding positions
      in dogfish and bovine trypsin are identical and the sequences ofall three enzymes
      are homologous. Of the 223 amino acid residues of bovine trypsin, 77 are replaced
      without significant changes in function. Seven replacements, all conservative,
      occur in the interior of the protein; the remainder are on the surface. All
      residues known to be components of the active site of bovine trypsin are present
      in corresponding positions in dogfish trypsin. Comparison of the three enzymes
      suggests calcium binding sites in dogfish trypsin. A corrected sequence of bovine
      trypsin identifies residue 67 as Asn and residues 84-87 as Ser-Asn-Thr-Leu.

PMID- 1092333
TI  - The nature of protein association with chromatin.
AB  - The reality of the nonrandom distribution of histones along the chromatin strand
      was investigated in several ways. It does not appear to derive from histone
      exchange during shearing and is evident in chromatin fixed with formaldehyde
      prior to shearing. Endogenous or Escherichia coli polymerase are preferentially
      associated with regions of chromatin with a low protein/DNAratio. Although RNA
      polymerase and histones are fixed to chromatin after formaldehyde treatment with
      high efficiency, only a minor fraction of non-histone protein is fixed under
      similar conditions. Even after washing in high salt to minimize adventitious
      association, most remaining non-histone protein fails to be fixed. The utility of
      this approach for defining chromosomal proteins is discussed.

PMID- 1092334
TI  - Comparative ability of RNA and DNA to prime DNA synthesis in vitro: role of
      sequence, sugar, and structure of template-primer.
AB  - The priming efficiency of oligo(RNA) vs. oligo(DNA) in a homopolymer template
      homooligomer primer system was compared using four DNA polymerases. The templates
      included (dT)n, (dA)n, (dC)n, and (dI)n. Primers were the oligomers of the
      complementary DNA OR RNA with chain lengths of 6 to 23. The DNA polymerases used
      were from Micrococcus luteus, avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV), and Escherichia
      coli (polymerase I and polymerase III). The polymerases demonstrated a preference
      for the DNA primers with (dC)n, (dA)n, and (dI)n templates. However, when (dT)n
      was the template, all but the AMV polymerase preferred (rA)11 more than 200-fold
      better than (dA)12. This preference was due to the physical structure of the
      initiation complex. The structures of the oligo-polymer complexes were
      characterized by mixing curves, melting curves, and analytical bouyant density
      analyses. (rA)11 + (dT)n formed predominatly a duplex structure, whereas (dA)12 +
      (dT)n formed the three- stranded structure, (dA12-2(dT)n. The Km of the duplex
      with E. coli Pol III was 2.9 mugM (rA)11. The Ki of the triplex was 2.2 mugM
      (dA)12, indicating that Pol III could bind to the triplex but would not elongate
      the (dA)12 primer. The influence of structure on priming also was demonstrated
      with longer oligomers, (dA)23 and (rA)23, where the (dA)23 formed more duplex
      like structures and primed more than the (dA)12.(dT)10 + (dA)n complexes also
      were shown to form triplex structures that inhibited priming. These results show
      that template-primer structure has more influence on priming than the sugar
      moiety or the sequence of the nucleic acid.

PMID- 1092335
TI  - The effect of modification of T7 DNA by the carcinogen N-1-acetylaminofluorene:
      termination of transcription in vitro.
AB  - To study the effects of N-2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) modification of DNA on
      transcription, purified DNA from bacteriophage T7 was modified in vitro to
      varying extent with AAF and transcribed by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from
      Escherichia coli. The main effects of AAF modification on transcription are a
      marked inhibition of the rate and extent of trna synthesis with relatively little
      effect on initiation except at very high AAF doses. Calibration of the percent
      modification with [14-C]AAF and analysis of the size of the RNA product by double
      isotope labeling and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis support the following
      mechanism of transcription inhibition: most of the AAF residues bound to the
      coding strand of the DNA cause premature termination of transcription, at or near
      the site of modification, with release of RNA polymerase. This results in the
      production of shorter RNA chains with increasing amounts of bound carcinogen. The
      data are consistent with there being no reinitiation and/or synthesis of RNA
      distal to the AAF-modification site.

PMID- 1092336
TI  - Europium as a fluorescent probe of transfer RNA structure.
AB  - The binding of europium(III) to Escherichia coli tRNA-fMet,Glu and to
      unfractionated E. coli tRNA has been investigated by using the 4-thiouridine
      sensitization of europium 5-Do yields 7-F1 emission and changes in the lifetime
      of the 5-Do state of europium reported earlier (J. M. Wolfson and D. R. Kearns
      (1974), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 96, 3653). Binding of the first 3-4 europium ions is
      independent and sequential, approximately 600 times stronger than the magnesium
      binding, and the binding sites are located near the 4-thiouridine residue found
      at position 8 in a number of E. coli tRNA. Competition experiments suggest the
      strong binding sites are the same for magnesium and europium. The europium
      binding properties of both unfractionated E. coli tRNA and purified tRNA-fMet are
      quite similar, indicating that the location of the strong binding sites and their
      binding constants are nearly the same for a large group of tRNA. The europium
      binding properties of native and denatured tRNA are quite different, however.

PMID- 1092337
TI  - Kinetic studies on coenzyme binding and coenzyme dissociation in tryptophanase
      immobilized on sepharose.
AB  - The binding rate of pyridoxal '5-phosphate (Pxa-P) to apotryptophanase and the
      dissociation rate of the coenzyme from holotryptophanase were able to be
      determined by following the enzyme activity in continuous flow reactions on a
      column of immobilized tryptophanase. When the enzyme activity was assayed
      continuously in the flow system in the absence of coenzyme added to the reaction
      mixture, immobilized holotryptophanase lost gradually its initial activity owing
      to dissociation of coenzyme. The coenzyme dissociation at a given concentration
      of substrate (tryptophan) followed first-order kineticsmin a low substrate
      concentration range below the Km value, a more decreased rate constant was
      obtained for the coenzyme dissociation. This indicates that the coenzyme is more
      dissociable from the apoenzyme-coenzyme-substrate complex (ECS complex) rather
      than from the apoenzyme-coenzymecomplex (holoenzyme). Immobilized tryptophanase
      freed of coenzyme restored rapidly its original activity, when the assay mixture
      containing a given concentration of substrate and Pxa-P was passed through the
      immobilized enzyme column. The coenzyme binding at a given coenzyme concentration
      followed first-order kinetics, but the rate was not first order in regard to the
      coenzyme concentration. A plot of the reciprocal of the first-order rate constant
      obtained vs. the reciprocal of the coenzyme binding occurs in a two-step fashion;
      the first step is rapid and the second step is rate determining. Both the
      dissociation constant for the first step and the rate constant for the second
      step were shown to be independent of the substrate concentration. This means that
      Schiff base formation between Pxa-P and tryptophan in the assay mixture has no
      effect on the binding of Pxa-P to apoenzyme. The coenzyme dissociation constant
      at a given substrate concentration was calculated from both the rate constant of
      the coenzyme binding and the rate constant of the coenzyme dissociation. The
      values obtained by this method at different substrate concentrations were almost
      identical with those measured at the corresponding substrate concentrations
      directly by an ordinary method.

PMID- 1092338
TI  - Isolation and partial characterization of anglefish proglucagon.
AB  - Evidence is presented that proglucagon from anglefish islets is a single chain
      polypeptide with 78 amino acid residues and that the glucagon portion of it is
      liberated after tryptic cleavage. The most striking characteristic in the
      conversion of the anglerfish proglucagon to glucagon is that the cleaved peptide
      bonds display enormous sensitivity toward trypsin. Thus, conversion of the
      prohormone to glucagon occurs very rapidly within 3-10 min with a 1:500-1:1000
      molar ratio of enzyme to substrate. Further, trypic cleavage of the anglerfish
      glucagon requires higher concentrations of trypsin (molar ratio 1:25 enzyme to
      substrate) and longer incubation time. The behavior of proglucagon and glucagon
      toward trypsin shows striking similarities with the tryptic conversion of
      anglerfish proinsulin to insulin.

PMID- 1092339
TI  - Ribosomal subunit interaction as studied by light scattering. Evidence of
      different classes of ribosome preparations.
AB  - The Mg2+-dependent equilibrium of ribosomal subunits was studied by light
      scattering in the absence of any other factor of protein synthesis. The
      difference of intensity in the light scattered by dissociated 30S-50S couples and
      by 70S particles was used as a method to measure the percentage of association as
      a function of Mg2+ under conditions of nonperturbation of the equilibrium. We
      found that pressure-resistant (type A) and non-pressure-resistant (type B)
      ribosomes may be characterized by the different behavior of their association
      equilibrium curves. The thermodynamic parameters of this equilibrium and their
      comparison for the two classes of ribosomes were calculated from experiments at
      different temperatures.

PMID- 1092340
TI  - Identification of the collagenous proteins synthesized by cultured cells from
      human skin.
AB  - Cells cultured from human skin synthesize precursor forms of types I and III
      collagens. After denaturation and reduction, the polypeptide chains obtained from
      these molecules had molecular weights estimated to be 140,000 and 120, 000. The
      larger chains, the pro alpha chains, are believed to be derived from the original
      precursor molecules. The smaller chains arise from altered forms, p-collagens,
      that may be normal intermediates in the conversion of both procollagens to
      collagens I and III.

PMID- 1092341
TI  - Some characteristics of and structural requirements for the interaction of 24,25
      dihydrofusidic acid with ribosome - elongation factor g Complexes.
AB  - Fusidic acid inhibits polypeptide chain elongation by binding to the ribosome -
      elongation factor-G - GDP complex and thereby preventing its dissociation. The
      experiments reported here quantitate the interaction of the antibiotic [3H]-24,25
      dihydrofusidic acid, an active analog of fusidic acid, with the ribosome -
      elongation factor-G - GDP comples. All components of the complex are essential
      for [3H]-24,25-dihydrofusidic acid binding. The stoichiometry of the interaction
      is ca. 1:1, and the Ka apparent, as determined by equilibrium dialysis, is 2.6
      times 10-6 M-minus 1. It is further shown that GTP and GDP are equally effective
      in forming complexes to which the antibiotic may bind, whereas GMP and beta,gamma
      methyleneguanosine triphosphate will not form complexes to which the antibiotic
      may bind. In order to examine the structural basis of the mode of antibiotic
      action shown by fusidic acid, we have considered two activities of 21 structural
      analogs of this antibiotic: ability to bind to the aforementioned ternary complex
      and ability to stabilize this complex. The comparative binding capability of the
      analogs were extablished through competition experiments with [3H]-24,25
      dihydrofusidic acid. The data obtained from these experiments can be summarized
      as follows. (1) The C17-20 double bond of fusidic acid appears to be critical for
      both binding and complex stabilization activities. (2) A carboxyl group in the
      vicinity of the C20 carbon is also essential for both activities. (3)
      Modifications of other functional groups in the molecule can lead to
      significantly decreased stabilization of the ternary ribosome complex and/or
      ability to compete with [3H]-24,25-dihydrofusidic acid for binding to the
      complex, but do not demonstrate absolute structural requirements for either
      activity.

PMID- 1092342
TI  - A comparative study of the 50S ribosomal subunit and several 50S subparticles in
      EF-T-and EF-G-dependent activities.
AB  - A series of ribosomal subparticles derived from the 50S subunit has been studied
      and compared in EF-T- and EF-G-dependent reactions. Three different 50S cores
      were prepared by CsC1 isophycnic centrifugation and one by NH(4)Cl-ethanol
      extractionm the 50S CsCl core a had lost proteins L1, L7, L8, L10, L12, L16, L25,
      L33, and some L6 and L11. The 50S CsCl core b additionally lacked protein L6, and
      50S CsCl core c also lacked protein L5, L15, L18, L27, L28, L30, and most of L9,
      L14, L19, and L21. The 50S NH(4)Cl-ethanol core had lost up to 90 percent of
      proteins L7, L12 and 30-60 percent of proteins L8, L10, and L29. The 50S CsCl
      core a had much reduced activity in EF-G and none in EF-T GTPase reactions while
      50S CsCl cores b and c were inactive. Addition of proteins L7, L12 restored the
      activity for both the EF-T- and EF-G-dependent GTPase with all of the three 50S
      CsCl cores, increasing stepwise from core c to core a; The 50S NH(4)Cl-ethanol
      core was partially active in the EF-G GTPase over the 2-30 mM MG-2+ range tested,
      while EF-T only showed some activity inthe upper portion of this range...

PMID- 1092343
TI  - Polyfluoroalkylamine derivatives of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.
AB  - A series of C-terminally fluorinated analogs of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LH-RH) was synthesized by a combination of solid-phase and classical
      techniques and found to have interesting properties when assayed for LH- and FSH
      releasing activities over a prolonged period of time in immature male rats. One
      of the peptides, desGly-10-LH-RH-2,2,2-trifluoroethylamide, was found to be about
      nine times more effective than LH-RH in releasing LH, or approximately twice as
      active as the corresponding alkylamide peptide, desGly-10-LH-RH-ethylamide.
      However, desGly-10-LH-RH-2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamide was only slightly more
      active than LH-RH and considerably less active than the corresponding propylamide
      analog. A family of peptides was also prepared containing D-alanine in position
      six of the chain in conjunction with the C-terminal modifications. D-Ala-6,desGly
      10-LH-RH-2,2,2-trifluoroethylamide, surprisingly, gave patterns of gonadotropin
      release which were only as intense and virtually identical with those obtained
      with D-Ala-6,desGly-10-LH-RH-ethylamide which in turn releases about 20 times
      more LH than a similar dose of LH-RH. D-Ala-6,desGly-10-LH-RH-propylamide also
      gave almost identical patterns of gonadotropin release. D-Ala-6,desGly-10,LH-RH
      2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropylamide was considerably less potent, being only five
      times more effective than LH-RH.

PMID- 1092344
TI  - Evidence for fidelity of chromatin reconstitution.
AB  - Several lines of evidence are presented which support the contention that
      chromatin may be dissociated, fractionated, and reconstituted without altering
      the compositional, structural, or transcriptional integrity of the genome. The
      similar compositions of native and reconstituted chromatins are suggested by the
      absence of significant differences in their protein/DNA ratios and in the
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic profiles of their histones and nonhistone
      chromosomal proteins. Criteria for fidelity of genome structure in reconstituted
      chromatin include binding of reporter molecules with specificity for the minor
      groove of DNA, binding of histones, number of sites available for addition of
      nucleotides, and circular dichroism spectra. When the transcriptional activities
      of native and reconstituted chromatins were compared under conditions where
      reinitiation is prohibited, significant changes were not observed. Taken
      together, the present results strongly suggest, but do not conclusively
      establish, fidelity of chromatin reconstitution.

PMID- 1092345
TI  - Conformations and structural transitions in polydeoxynucleotides.
AB  - Polydeoxynucleotides of different base sequence, the alternating poly[d(A-T)]
      poly[d(A-T)], crab satellite DNA, on the one hand, and double-stranded
      homopolymer complexes poly[d(A)]-poly[d(T)], poly[d(I)]-poly[d(C)], on the other,
      display significant differences in their conformation and conformational
      transitions. Infrared linear dichroism investigations indicate that the
      alternating poly[d(A-T)]-poly[d(A-T)], enzymatically synthesized, adopts a lower
      humidity a well-expressed A* form in which stability is relatively small,i.e.,
      restricted to limited relative humidity. This A form is characterized by the
      orientation of the bisector of the phosphate OPO group at 34 degrees with respect
      to the helical axis, which is slightly lower than that of DNA. In contrast, for
      the homopolynucleotide double-stranded complex poly(dA)-poly(dT) and also for
      poly(dI)-poly(dC), the B yields A conformational change is not observed. Instead
      poly(dA)-poly(dT) exists at lower humidity in a stable modified B form. Thus the
      present results indicate that homo(dA)-homo(dT) double-stranded sequences prevent
      the B yields A structural transition. All AT-containing polydeoxynucleotides and
      crab satellite DNA adopt a high humidity a modified B form characterized by the
      orientation of the bisector of the phosphate group OPO at 64 degrees with respect
      to the helical axis which is significantly lower than 68-74 degrees observed in
      DNAs. The base pairing geometry in poly(dA)-poly(dT), poly[d(A-T)]-poly[d(A-T)],
      and also in poly(dI)-poly(dC) is apparently a Watson and Crick type. Thus the
      observed differences in conformation are not due to different base pairing
      scheme. It is suggested that in DNAs of high AT content the presence of homo(dT)
      homo(dA) sequences and the relatively low stability of the A form of d(A-T)
      alternating sequences may inhibit the change to the A form. A possible role of
      these sequences in DNA recognition by protein is suggested.

PMID- 1092346
TI  - Amino acid sequence of two functional sites in yeast glycogen phosphorylase.
AB  - The structure of two functional sites in baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
      glycogen phosphorylase (EC 2.4 1.1) was determined as part of a study on the
      evolution of regulatory enzymes. S-Carboxymethylated, MaBH4-reduced 32-P-labeled
      yeast phosphorylase a was cleaved with CNBr, thermolysin, and pepsin. Peptides
      labeled with 32-P or carrying the fluorescent pyridoxyl marker were isolated and
      purified using ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. CNBr cleavage
      yielded a single radioactive phosphopeptide (42 residues long) and one small
      fluorescent peptide with the unique sequence epsilon-Pxy-Lys-Phe-Val-Met.
      Thermolysin digestion gave rise to one radioactive octapeptide and two
      fluorescent peptides, 15 and 2 residues long, respectively. From a combination of
      substractive Edman degradations and digestion with yeast protease C, the sequence
      of the 32-P-labeled octapeptide was established. Phosphothreonine was identified
      as the sole phosphorylated amino acid, giving the following structure for the
      site involved in the covalent regulation of yeast phosphorylase: Leu-Thr(P) -Gly
      Phe-Leu-Pro-Gln-Glu. The two fluorescent thermolytic peptides, together with two
      additional pyridoxyl peptides isolated after peptic digestion of the enzyme
      yielded the following sequence around the site binding pyridoxal-5'-P, the
      cofactor essential for phosphorylase activity: Ile-Ser-Thr-Ala-Gly-Thr-Glu-Ala
      Ser-Gly-Thr-Ser-Asn-Met-Lys(P Pxy)-Phe-Val-Met. While the phosphorylated site
      bears no resemblance to the site of covalent control in vertebrate
      phosphorylases, the pyridoxal-P binding site in the yeast enayme displays
      remarkable homologies with its animal counterparts; the finding that 14 out of 18
      amino acids are identical strongly suggests that the cofactor must be directly
      involved in catalysis.

PMID- 1092347
TI  - Red cell surface structure. Stabilization by cholesterol sulfate as evidenced by
      scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - Scanning electron microscopic studies demonstrate that the normal biconcave shape
      of the human erythrocyte is maintained in hypotonic saline when physiological
      levels (10 minus 5M) of cholesterol sulfate are added to the solutions.
      Cholesterol sulfate is a naturally occurring sterol conjugate in plasma and
      erythrocyte membranes and we propose that it may belong to that class of
      amphipathic molecules responsible for the maintenance of structure of the
      erythrocyte by interaction with membrane components.

PMID- 1092348
TI  - Redox properties of beta-type cytochromes in Escherichia coli and rat liver
      mitochondria and techniques for their analysis.
AB  - We describe here apparatus and procedures for conducting potentiometric
      titrations and for analyzing the collected data in terms of the number of
      components present, their amounts and their midpoint potentials. Using these
      procedures we have determined the presence of three forms of cytochrome b1 in
      Escherichia coli with midpoint potentials at pH 7.1 OF about minus 50, plus 110
      and plus 220 mV. We were not able to demonstrate a change in any of these
      potentials by the addition of phosphate, ATP, or 2, 4-dinitrophenol. We have been
      able to confirm the presence of two forms of cytochrome b in non-energized
      mitochondria and the apparent conversion of the low-potential component to a new
      high potential component upon energization of the mitochondria. However we cite
      further experimental data that question the actual conversion of one form of
      cytochrome b to another. An alternative interpretation based on our analysis
      suggests that the high voltage component may be present in a masked form in the
      non-energized mitochondria.

PMID- 1092349
TI  - Sequence homology of nuclear and mitochondrial DNAs of different yeasts.
AB  - 1. Both nuclear and mtDNA of four different yeasts show approximately 10%
      homology as measured by DNA-DNA filter hybridization. These homologous sequences
      are mainly attributable to the ribosomal cistrons. 2. Melting curve analysis
      shows that the heterologous mitochondrial DNA-DNA hybrids contain several times
      more mismatching than the nuclear DNA-DNA hybrids. 3. DNA-rRNA hybridization
      shows that the sequences of the ribosomal cistrons in both the nuclear and the
      mitochondrial genome have been conserved during evolution. 4. However, melting
      curve analysis of the DNA-RNA hybrids shows that the sequence of the nuclear
      ribosomal cistrons have undergone considerable fewer nucleotide substitutions
      than their mitochondrial counterparts. 5. The results suggest that the
      mitochondrial ribosomal cistrons have evolved more rapidly than the nuclear
      cistrons. This is discussed in the light of theories on the rat of molecular
      evolutin.

PMID- 1092350
TI  - Size, conformation and purity of chloroplast DNA of some higher plants.
AB  - 1. Chloroplast DNA of Antirrhinum majus, Oenothera hookeri, Beta vulgaris and
      Spinacia oleracea band at the same buoyant density of 1.697 g-cm-3 in neutral
      CsCl equilibrium gradients. The corresponding nuclear DNAs band at 1.691, 1.703,
      1.695 and 1.695 g-cm-3, respectively. The purity of chloroplast and nuclear DNA
      can be assessed objectively only in the cases of Antirrhinum and Oenothera. 2.
      Electron microscopic analysis of chloroplast DNA, purified in CsCl or
      CsCl/ethidium bromide gradients, revealed up to 80% circular molecules. Of these
      about 15% were of supertwisted conformation. Best yields of circular molecules
      were recovered when populations of unbroken chloroplasts were subjected to DNAase
      and phosphodiesterase treatment, and when the DNA was purified from viscous
      lysates by centrifugation into a CsCl cushion. Treatment of plastids with DNAase
      alone did not guarantee complete degradation of nuclear DNA. 3. The average
      contour length of the open circular chloroplast DNA molecules was basically
      similar for all four plants. They were 45.9 plus or minus 2.1 mum for
      Antirrhinum, 45.7 plus or minus 1.9 mum for Spinacia, 44.9 plus or minus 1.7 mum
      for Beta and 45.2 mum for Oenothera. This is comparable to the size derived for
      the coding capacity of chloroplast DNA from reassociation experiments. As much as
      15% of the total population of circles in chloroplast DNA of Spinacia were
      circular dimers.

PMID- 1092351
TI  - The 5'-termini of bacterial RNA. I. The monophosphorylated termini.
AB  - A two-dimensional fingerprint technique is described which separated
      oligonucleotides by length and number of phosphates present at the termini. The
      diversity of terminal nucleotide sequences was found to be quite restricted in
      bacterial 4-5 S RNA: in the strain used here the predominant dinucleotide species
      was pG-C, and the only trinucleotides produced were pG-G-Up and pG-G-Cp.
      Examination of total pulse-labeled RNA revealed the same restricted set of
      terminal trinucleotides.

PMID- 1092352
TI  - Simultaneous ribosomal resistance to trichodermin and anisomycin in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae mutants.
AB  - A spontaneous mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to trichodermin has
      been isolated. It displays cross resistance both in vivo and in vitro to a number
      of sesquiterpene antibiotics (fusarenon X, trichothecin and verrucarin A) and to
      the chemically unrelated antibiotic anisomycin. The mutation conferring
      resistance to anisomycin and trichodermin is expressed in the 60-S subunit of the
      yeast 80-S ribosome. Mutant ribosomes bind [-14C]trichodermin much less
      efficiently than wild type ribosomes, suggesting that resistance may be due, at
      least in part, to this property. However, both types of ribosomes bind [-3H]
      anisomycin equally. These results suggest that anisomycin and trichodermin have
      different binding sites on the 60-S subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes, even though
      previous results have shown that both antibiotics bind to mutually exclusive
      sites.

PMID- 1092353
TI  - Ineffectiveness of rifampicin in inhibiting RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli and
      T(4)-infected Escherichia coli cells after exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
AB  - Resdiual RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli cells and T(4)-infected E. coli cells
      exposed to ultraviolet radiation is insensitive to rifampicin. On the other hand,
      residual RNA synthesis in these cells after gamma irradiation is further
      inhibited by rifampicin. The specific effect exerted by ultraviolet irradiation
      on transcription seems to arise from alterations in the DNA structure rather than
      in bacterial RNA polymerase since RNA synthesis in ultraviolet-irradiated E. coli
      cells infected with unirradiated T(4) is sensitive to rifampicin.

PMID- 1092354
TI  - Tertiary structure in E. coli tRNA Arg and tRNA Val.
AB  - 300 MHz proton NMR has been used to demonstrate that both Escherichia coli tRNA
      Arg and tRNA(1) Val have a tertiary structure base pair between 4-thiouridine (s
      4U) at position 8 and A at position 14. Formation of this s-4U(8)-A(14) base pair
      leads to a very low field (14.8 ppm) resonance in the spectra of both molecules.
      When s-4U is converted to U the 14.8 resonance is replaced by a new resonance
      which appears at 14.3 ppm. The presence of the tertiary structure s-4U(8)-A(14)
      base pair greatly constrains the folding of these tRNAs in solution.

PMID- 1092355
TI  - A simple method for the preparation of large quantities of pure plasmid DNA.
AB  - Polyethylene glycol quantitatively precipitates plasmid DNA of molecular weight 6
      123-10-6, from cleared lysates of plasmid-carrying bacterial strains, After
      resuspension and density-gradient centrifugation of the precipitated DNA, it is
      unchanged in length and in transformation efficiency for Escherichia coli K12.
      Plasmid DNA can be easily prepared in large quantities by including a
      polyethylene glycol precipitation step in standard plasmid isolation procedures.

PMID- 1092356
TI  - Studies of insulin release and rat pancreatic islet metabolism with diastereomers
      of D-glucose.
AB  - Studies of insulin release with diastereomers and other analogues of D-glucose
      demonstrated that only sugars which undergo oxidation to CO2 stimulated insulin
      release by the pancreatic islet. None of the non-metabolizable diastereomers of
      glucose stimulated insulin release in the presence of a sub-stimulatory
      concentration of glucose for fuel. Although 5.5 mM glucose formed 77% as much CO2
      as 16.7 mM mannose and twice that of 16.7 mM fructose, 5.5 mM glucose did not
      stimulate insulin release whereas 16.7 mM mannose and fructose did stimulate
      insulin release. These results indicate that the important stimulus for glucose
      induced insulin release involves metabolism of glucose, but that the stimulus
      does not involve solely a fuel function of glucose.

PMID- 1092357
TI  - The effect of p-aminosalicyclic acid on iron transport and assimilation in
      mycobacteria.
AB  - p-Aminosalicylic acid inhibits growth of Mycobacterium bovis BCG and
      Mycobacterium smegmatis more effectively if cells are growing with a sufficiency
      of iron (more than 1 mu g Fe/ml) in the medium than if cells are deficient in
      iron (smaller than 0.1 mu g Fe/ml). In iron-deficient cultures formation of
      mycobactin, an ionophore for iron transport, is strongly inhibited by p
      aminosalicylic acid. Uptake of iron into cell suspensions is also inhibited and
      the activity of several iron-containing enzymes declines in cells exposed to p
      aminosalicylic acid during their growth. p-Aminosalicylic acid is about 50 times
      more effective towards a mutant of M. smegmatis which required mycobactin under
      iron-deficient growth conditions than towards the wild-type parent. p
      Aminosalicylate is taken up into cells by an active process independent of the
      salicylate uptake system, possibly by the route used for assimilation of p
      aminobenzoate. (This could account for why p-aminobenzoic acid, but not salicylic
      acid, antagonizes the action of p-aminosalicylic acid.) With iron-deficient
      cells, salicylate assimilation is about 50 times greater than either p
      aminosalicylate or p-aminobenzoate but with iron-sufficient cells and with the
      mycobactin mutant salicylate uptake is negligible whereas p-aminobenzoate and p
      aminosalicylate uptakes are unaffected. p-Aminosalicylic acid at 3.3 mM (500 mu
      g/ml) partially inhibits the uptake of both p-aminobenzoate and, if it is
      occurring, that of salicylate as well. As p-aminosalicylic acid is always more
      effective when the intracellular concentration of salicylic acid is low, it
      probably acts as an anti-metabolite of salicylic acid, not, however, by
      inhibiting the conversion of salicylic acid to mycobactin, but probably somewhere
      along the metabolic pathway of iron uptake.

PMID- 1092358
TI  - Structure of the glycopeptide storage material in GM 1 gangliosidosis. Sequence
      determination with specific endo- and exoglycosidases.
AB  - 1. An endo-beta-galactosidase from Escherichia freundii, specific for the
      hydrolysis of desulfated keratan sulfate, quantitatively liberated a
      trisaccharide (Gal-GlcNAc-Gal) from a glycopeptide (Mr 1800) isolated from the
      liver of a patient with GM 1 (generalized) gangliosidosis. 2. The remaining
      glycopeptide was susceptible to sequential digestion with purified beta-N
      acetylhexosaminidase and exo-beta-galactosidase from Jack Bean meal. 3. These and
      other studies established the structure of the stored glycopeptide to be:(see
      article) which probably represents the desulfated linkage region of skeletal
      keratan sulfate.

PMID- 1092359
TI  - The S-n-propyl analogue of S-adenosylmethionine.
AB  - A special strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae responded to a supplement of S-n
      propyl-L-homocysteine in the culture medium by synthesizing S-adenosyl-(S-n
      propyl)L-homocysteine, the S-n-propyl analogue of S-adenosylmethionine. S-n-Butyl
      L-homocysteine reacted sparingly with this strain, but S-isopropyl-L-homocysteine
      failed to form detectable quantities of the corresponding S-adenosylsulfonium
      compound. The S-n-propyl compound was isolated by extraction of the cells,
      followed by ion-exchange chromatography, which separated it from endogenous S
      adenosylmethionine. The structure was determined by hydrolytic procedures leading
      to overlapping fragments of known structure, 5'-n-propylthioadenosine and S-n
      propyl-L-homocysteine. The new sulfonium compound was examined for its activity
      as n-propyl donor by substituting it for S-adenosylmethionine in
      methyltransferase systems. Enzymatic transpropylation was observed with S
      adenosylmethionine : L-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.10). Its rate
      was low in the S-adenosylmethionine : N-acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase
      system (EC 2.1.1.4), and below recognition with S-adenosylmethionine :
      guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.2) and S-adenosylmethionine :
      histamine N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.8).

PMID- 1092360
TI  - Microheterogeneity in yeast invertase.
AB  - Yeast external invertase (EC 3.2.1.25), a glycoenzyme consisting of equal parts
      by weight of protein and mannan, has been found to contain covalently bound
      phosphate. Three preparations (from two yeast strains) had mannose/PO4 ratios of
      31-35, equivalent to 24-27 PO4 residues per mol of enzyme, while a fourth had
      only 7 PO4 residues per mol. From one of the high-PO4 enzymes, approx. 69% of the
      phosphorus was recovered as mannose 6-phosphate. No correlation was found between
      invertase activity and phosphorus content. The PO4 contents of the invertases
      exceeded those of the cell wall mannans from the respective yeasts. Thus,
      contamination of the invertases by cell wall phosphomannan is unlikely.
      Electrofocusing of the low-PO4 invertase yielded four components with pI values
      from 3.96 to 4.40, and yeast internal invertase (a mannan- and PO4-free,
      cytoplasmic isozyme) was isoelectric at approx. pH 4.5. The high-PO4 invertase
      was considerably more heterogeneous, with two major species of pI 3.65 and 3.32
      and a highly acidic component of pI smaller than 2.7; however, the mannose/PO4
      ratio of each species was approximately the same. PO4-gradient elution from
      hydroxyapatite resolved the high-PO4 invertase into five isozymes of increasing
      acidity and mannan content. Since the mannose/PO4 ratios of these invertase
      species are constant, the increase in the mannan/protein (and, therefore
      PO4/protein ratio is apparently responsible for the microheterogeneity of
      phosphoinvertase.23

PMID- 1092361
TI  - The primary structure of the ribosomal protein L29 from Escherichia coli.
AB  - The amino acid sequence of ribosomal protein L29 was determined utilizing an
      improved Beckman sequenator, a solid phase peptide sequenator, and more
      conventional techniques. L29 is composed of 63 amino acid residues and has a
      molecular weight of 7262. It lacks proline, cysteine, isoleucine, tyrosine and
      tryptophan. The N-terminal and C-terminal regions (residues 1-9 and 50-63) are
      basic, while the rest of the molecule is hydrophobic and neutral. Calculated P-a
      values show two helical regions: one from residues 1 through 32 and the other
      from residues 37 through 47. No beta-sheet regions are predicted. Short identical
      regions occur within the sequence of L29 as well as between L29 and other
      ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 1092362
TI  - Energy requirement for the initiation of colicin action in Escherichia coli.
AB  - 1. Starved cells of a strain of Escherichia coli and its mutant uncA, treated
      with colicin K, E2 or E3, remained fully rescuable upon trypsin treatment (stage
      I in colicin action). The transition to stage II in colicin action (cells no
      longer rescuable by trypsin) was promoted by the addition of either glucose or D
      lactate. 2. Aerobically glucose-grown cells of the normal strain were
      irreversibly killed by colicin K, E2 or E3 under anerobic conditions, while
      similarly treated cells ot its mutant uncA remained fully rescuable. The stage I
      stage II transition in colicin action was blocked in normal cells under anaerobic
      conditions when succinate was the sole carbon source. 3. Arsenate alone had
      little effect on the progression of the stage I-stage II transition in normal
      cells, treated with colicin K. However, this transition was abolished in the
      presence of both arsenate and anaerobic conditions. 4. The initiation of colicin
      action could be coupled to the anaerobic electron transfer systems formate
      dehydrogenase-nitrate reductase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase-fumarate
      reductase. 5. These results indicate that an energized state of the cytoplasmic
      membrane is required for the initiation of colicin action and that no high-energy
      phosphorylated compounds are necessary.

PMID- 1092363
TI  - Substrate activity of phosphonic acid analogues of CDPdiglyceride in the
      synthesis of phosphoglycerides in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Two phosphonic acid analogues of CDPdiglyceride, D L-2-hexadecoxy-3
      octadecoxypropylphosphonyl-O-(cytidine 5'-phosphate) (analogue (I), and D L-3,4
      dioctadecoxybutylphosphonyl-O-(cytidine 5'-phosphate) (analogue (II), have been
      synthesized and examined as substrates for the enzymes involved in the synthesis
      of phosphoglycerides in Escherichia coli. Both compounds were substrates for
      CDPdiglyceride:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatidyl transferase. The analogues
      had similar Km values (Km of 0.060 mM for analogue (II): Km of 0.080 mM for
      analogue (I) and a V identical to that of CDPdipalmitin (Km of 0.044 mM). In
      contrast, the analogues were poor substrates for CDPdiglyceride:L-serine
      phosphatidyl transferase. The analogues had lower Km values (Km of 0.40 mM for
      analogue (II); Km of 0.80 mM for analogue (I) than CDPdipalmitin (Km of 1.4 mM).
      The V, although identical for both analogues, was ten-fold lower than that
      observed with the natural substrate. An analysis of the products of these
      enzymatic reactions suggests that phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase and
      phosphatidylserine decarboxylase may also possess a certain degree of substrate
      specificity.

PMID- 1092364
TI  - Mitochondrial and cellular inhibition by the folate analogue pyrimethamine in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae: reversal of cellular effects by TMP.
AB  - The inhibitory effect of pyrimethamine on the growth of TMP-permeable strains of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a fermentable medium supplemented with adenine,
      glycine, methionine and pantothenate was substantially reduced by exogenous TMP.
      This compound also suppressed the drug's killing effect, and to some extent its
      ability to induce the mitochondrial petite mutation. In a non-fermentable medium,
      TMP failed to reduce growth inhibition, in line with our earlier finding that as
      well as blocking synthesis pyrimethamine prevents mitochondrial protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 1092365
TI  - Synthesis of heteropolyribonucleotides by toluene-treated Escherichia coli cells.
AB  - Escherichia coli cells, made permeable to ribonucleoside-5'-diphosphates by
      treatment with toluene, efficiently promote the synthesis of homo- and
      heteropolynucleotides. This synthesis is catalyzed by polynucleotide
      phosphorylase because, among other things, it is inhibited by orthophosphate, and
      E. coli Q13, a mutant having a Mn-2+-dependent polynucleotide phosphorylase,
      promotes polynucleotide synthesis in the presence of Mn-2+ but not of Mg-2+.
      Cells of E. coli B and E. coli MRE 600 (A Mutant lacking ribonuclease I) are
      about equally active in promoting poly(A, U, G, C) synthesis. Sucrose density
      gradient and agarose gel electrophoretic analysis of the product show that it is
      polydisperse with sedimentation coefficients ranging between 4 S and 27 S. The
      synthesized polynucleotides can be translated by the toluene-treated cells.

PMID- 1092366
TI  - Thymine dimer excision and DNA degradation after thymine starvation and
      ultraviolet irradiation in Escherichia coli B/r Hcr.

PMID- 1092367
TI  - Survival and ability to synthesize intact DNA molecules after ultraviolet
      irradiation in Escherichia coli cells.

PMID- 1092368
TI  - Gene activation in human diploid cells. Age-dependent modifications in the
      stability of messenger RNAs for nonhistone chromosomal proteins.
AB  - Serum stimulation of early as well as late passages of nondividing WI-38 human
      diploid fibroblasts to proliferate, results in DNA synthesis beginning at 12
      hours and MITOSIS AT 20 HOURS. A 2-fold increase in the transcriptional activity
      of chromatin isolated from early and late passage W2-38 cells is evident one hour
      following serum stimulation. An increased synthesis and association with the
      genome of two defined molecular weight classes of nonhistone chromosomal proteins
      one hour following serum stimulation of early and late passage cells is also
      observed. The increased chromatin template activity and nonhistone chromosomal
      protein synthesis occur in early passage cells stimulated to proliferate in the
      presence of actinomycin D. However, when late passage WI-38 cells are stimulated
      in the presence of antinomycin D, increases in chromatin template activity and
      nonhistone chromosomal protein synthesis are not observed one hour following
      serum stimulation. The possibility that nonhistone chromosomal protein synthesis
      and activation of transcription early during the prereplicative phase of the cell
      cycle in early passage human diploid fibroblasts may be regulated at the
      translational level is discussed. Consideration is also given to the possibility
      that there may be an age-dependent modification in such a regulatory mechanism.

PMID- 1092369
TI  - The effect of double-stranded cowpea mosaic viral RNA on protein synthesis.
AB  - The effect of double-stranded cowpea mosaic viral RNA on several in vitro protein
      synthesizing systems was studied. No inhibitory effect of this RNA at
      concentrations up to 16 mug/ml was found in wheat germ protein synthesis
      programmed with cowpea mosaic viral-, alfalfa mosaic viral- or globin 9 S-RNA. At
      high concentrations of this double-stranded RNA, inhibition of Escherichia coli
      in vitro protein synthesis programmed with MS-2- and cowpea mosaic viral-RNA was
      found, whereas at low concentrations its inhibitory effect on rabbit reticulocyte
      in vitro protein synthesis was strong. The implications of these observations for
      the suggestions of other authors, based on the study of mammalian protein
      synthesizing systems, are discussed.

PMID- 1092370
TI  - Stimulation of insulin release by thiols.
AB  - The effects of thiol compounds on insulin release were studied in microdissected
      pancreatic islets of non-inbred ob/ob micemin control experiments the reactivity
      of thiols against 6,6'-dithiodinicotinic acid and the degradation of mouse
      insulin were measured. At a concentration of 0.1 mM, 1-thio-D-glucose or reduced
      glutathione potentiated the insulin-releasing action of 10 mM D-glucose without
      affecting glucose oxidation. When tested at a concentration equivalent to about
      0.1 mM reactive thiol, dextran-linked L-cysteine also potentiated the glucose
      induced insulin secretion. In microperifusion experiments the insulin-releasing
      action of 1-thio-D-glucose was found to exhibit a rapid onset followed by a
      decline of the secretory rate to values lower than those observed with 10 mMD
      glucose alone. No thiol stimulated insulin release in the absence of glucose. It
      is suggested that thiol compounds stimulate insulin release by splitting membrane
      disulphides in the beta-cells.

PMID- 1092371
TI  - Stereoselective reduction of cobalt(III) complexes by bacteria.
AB  - A strain of Enterobacter cloacae, isolated from soil, reduces racemic
      abdtriglycinatocobalt(III), triglycinatocobalt(III), stereoselectively under
      anaerobic conditions; Washed suspensions oc cells, grown anaerobically in the
      absence of triglycinatocobalt(III) initially reduce the L-enantiomer
      stereospecifically under argon yielding a labile Co(II) chelate. An approximately
      5-fold increase in the rate of reduction of the complex occurs using cells
      disrupted by 2-phenylethanol; decomposition now proceeds with a slight preference
      for the D-enantiomermreduction of triglycinatocobalt(III) under argon by cell
      free extracts, prepared by sonication, exhibits similar stereoselectivities to
      cells disrupted by 2-phenylethanolmhowever, extracts contain a factor capable of
      reducing D-triglycinatocobalt(III) with high stereoselectivity under molecular
      hydrogenmthe behaviour of Enterobacter cloacae is compared with that of
      Aerobacter aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia anaerogenes and Serratia
      marcescensmstereoselective effects are also observed in the bacterial reduction
      of other cobalt(III) complexes.

PMID- 1092372
TI  - Mode of action of the cloacin DF13-immunity protein.
AB  - 1. Cells of Enterobacter cloacae harbouring the bacteriocinogenic factor Clo DF13
      produce an immunity protein which inbhbits the in vitro activity of cloacin DF13.
      The amino acid composition of purified immunity protein was determined. 2.
      Experiments about the protection of ribosomes against cloacin DF13 in the
      presence of the immunity protein show that one molecule of immunity protein
      neutralized the activity of one molecule cloacin. 3. Direct and specific
      interaction of cloacin DF13 with the immunity protein has been demonstrated by
      the analysis of mixtures of both proteins on polyacrylamide gels and by changes
      in the fluorescence response of cloacin DF13-bound 1-anilinonaphthalene-8
      sulfonate in the presence of immunity protein.

PMID- 1092373
TI  - Preparation, properties and biological activities of succinyl derivatives of
      vitamin B12.
AB  - Three new derivatives of vitamin B12,0-2'-succinyl-, 0-5'-succinyl-, and 0-2', 0
      5'-disuccinyl-vitamin B12, whose alpha-ribose moieties of the nucleotide ligand
      are succinylated, were prepared by reaction of the vitamin with succinic
      anhydride. The first succinylation took place rapidly and almost predominantly on
      5'-OH of alpha-ribose, and the second succinylation much more slowly on 2'-OH.
      From the behaviors in paper electrophoresis and the lability to CH- of cobalt
      base bond of 0-2'-succinylated vitamin B12 derivatives, it was suggested that the
      terminal COOH of the 0-2'-succinyl group forms an inner salt with the imidazole
      nucleus of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole. Monosuccinyland disuccinyl-vitamin B12 by
      mild acid or base hydrolysis. Heating at 130 degrees for 5 min also led to the
      complete severance of the succinyl group of 0-5'-succinyl-vitamin B12. None of
      the three succinly derivatives inhibited the diol dehydrase reaction when added
      with coenzyme B12, SUggesting that the ability to bind to the apoenzyme is
      strongly diminished or almost lost by succinylation on 2'- or 5'-OH of alpha
      ribose. None of the succinyl vitamin B12 compounds showed either biological
      activity or anti-vitamin B12 activity when tested with Escherichia coli 215, a
      methionine-B12 auxotroph. None of them significantly inhibited [3-H] vitamin B12
      uptake by E. coli 215 cells. This observation implies that succinyl derivatives
      of vitamin B12 are hardly incorporated into the cells of E. coli.

PMID- 1092374
TI  - Cardiac output measurement by indicator dilution.
AB  - The measurement of cardiac output by the indicator dilution method is reviewed.
      Theoretical and practical problems relating to the direct and indirect Fick
      methods and the continuous and bolus injection methods are considered in detail.
      Choice of indicator is also discussed. Problems remain with all of these methods,
      but reasonable accuracy and consistency may be achieved if attention is paid to
      detail.

PMID- 1092375
TI  - On-line cardiac output from dye dilution curves.

PMID- 1092376
TI  - A patient-oriented reporting system - an aid to diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1092377
TI  - Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky--an appreciation.

PMID- 1092378
TI  - Fluidity and phase transitions of cell membranes.

PMID- 1092379
TI  - Criteria in carrier transport.

PMID- 1092380
TI  - Peptide transport.

PMID- 1092381
TI  - Nerve excitability--toward an integrating concept.
AB  - Although numerous experimental data have been accumulated in the various fields
      of research on bioelectricity, the mechanism of nerve excitability is still an
      unsolved problem. Many mechanistic interpretations of nerve behavior cover only a
      part of the facts, are thus selective and unsatisfactory. An attempt at an
      integral interpretation of basic data well-established by electrophysiological,
      biochemical, and biophysical investigations was inspired by the late Aharon
      Katchalsky and a first attempt had been made previously (Neumann et al., 1973).
      The present account is a further step toward a quantitative physiochemical theory
      of bioelectricity. We have further explored the previously introduced notion of a
      basic excitation unit in excitable membranes. This notion is of fundamental
      importance for modeling details of sub- and suprathreshold responses, such as
      threshold behavior and strength-duration curves, in terms of kinetic parameters
      for specific membrane processes. Our integral model of excitability is based on
      the original chemical hypothesis for the control of bioelectricity (Nachmansohn,
      1959, 1971b). This specific approach includes some frequently ignored
      experimental facts on acetylcholine-processing proteins in excitable membranes.
      According to the integral model, acetylcholine ions are continuously processed
      through the basic excitation units within excitable membranes: axonal,
      presynaptic, and postsynaptic parts. Excitability, i.e., the generation and
      propagation of nerve impulses, is due to a cooperative increase in the rate of
      AcCh translocation through the cholinergic control system.

PMID- 1092382
TI  - Anomalous sedimentation behaviour of the E.coli ribosomal system: 50S-30S forms
      50S PLUS 30S.
AB  - An experimenal and theoretical study has been made into the effect of association
      dissociation reactions on the sedimentation of the E.coli ribosomal 50S-30S forms
      50S plus 30S. It has been found that (a) the sedimentation pattern is strongly
      dependent on the rotor speed: (b) the ratio of components as measured using high
      speed ultracentrifugation (30000-40000 r.p.m.) is independent of rotor speed; and
      (c) the speed of ultracentrifugation has a strong effect on the sedimentation
      coefficeint of the ribosomal system as determined by the mean square second
      moment. The results of this paper demonstrate that ribosome sedimentation at low
      speed ultracentrifugation is affected by some artefactual processes. A
      theoretical analysis of the experimental findings has shown that the observed
      effects cannot be attributed to the effect of the association-dissociation
      reaction nor to the pressure dependence of the equilibrium constant of that
      reaction. On the other hand, at high-speed ultracentrifugation the ribosomal
      system sediments as a heterogeneous mixture of non-interacting components.
      Consequently, the shape of the boundary in this case will reflect the equilibrium
      composition of the ribosomal system.

PMID- 1092383
TI  - High pressure effects on the activity of glycolytic enzymes.
AB  - High hydrostatic pressure inhibits growth in most organisms; this may be
      explained by a deactivation of enzymes involved in essential metabolic pathways.
      In order to check this hypothesis the enzymic activity of rabbit muscle lactic
      dehydrogenase and yeast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was investigated
      in the presence of the coenzyme and excess of substrate at pressures up to 2kbar.
      Kinetic analysis of an initial phase of pressure induced activation and of a
      second phase of reversible deactivation shows that the two enzymes respond to
      high pressures in different ways leading to a volume of activation of increment V
      is not equal to (LDH) equal 0 plus or minus 1 cm-3 mol-1 and increment V is not
      equal to (GAPDH) equals 60 plus or minus 4 cm-3 mol-1, respectively. Comparing
      the lower limits of pressure deactivation, LDH is found to be more stable towards
      pressure than GAPDH. At p is approximately equal to 2 kbar total deactivation of
      both enzymes is observed. A concentration dependent lag of GAPDH reactivation
      proves dissocation to participate in the process of deactivation, while the
      effects for LDH are explicable on the basis of reversible denaturation alone.

PMID- 1092384
TI  - [The histogenesis of renal glomerular mesangial cells].

PMID- 1092385
TI  - [Differences in the peritoneal phagocyte activity of strain SWR/J male and female
      mice].

PMID- 1092386
TI  - Defective mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome of
      humans, mink, and cattle.
AB  - Chemotaxis of mononuclear leukocytes from humans, mink, and cattle was evaluated
      in vitro using a morphologic Boyden chamber technique and a new 51-Cr-labeled
      mononuclear radioassay with a double micropore filter system. Significantly
      decreased mononuclear leukocyte chemotactic response were noted when human, mink,
      or cattle Chediak-Higashi cells were tested using autologous serum or endotoxin
      activated autolotous serum. A similar Chediak-Higashi mononuclear leukocyte
      defect was noted in humans when kallikrein or dialyzable transfer factor were
      used as the chemotactic stimulus. Studies using smaller pore filters in the
      chemotactic chamber exaggerated the chemotactic defect. Serum from Chediak
      Higashi subjects had normal chemotactic activity. Additional studies on the
      spontaneous (random) locomotion of Chediak-Higashi mononuclear leukocytes
      revealed normal results when a capillary tube assay system was used, but abnormal
      results were obtained when a Boyden chamber micropore filter assay was used,
      demonstrating fundamental differences in these two assays of random locomotion.
      It is clear from these studies that defective mononuclear leukocyte chemotaxis is
      another feature of the imparied host defenses in the Chediak-Higashi syndrome
      that may contribute to the marked susceptibility to pyogenic infections so
      characteristic of this dease.

PMID- 1092388
TI  - Free flap transfers by end-to-side arterial anastomosis.

PMID- 1092387
TI  - [Bone marrow transplantation in panmyelopathy].

PMID- 1092390
TI  - Delayed open skin grafting.

PMID- 1092389
TI  - Further experience with lateral wedge resection mammaplasties.
AB  - The lateral wedge resection method of reduction mammaplasty results in breasts
      with a single oblique radial scar in the outer quadrant, good contour, the
      nipples with sensation, erectile capacity and forward projection. It is suitable
      for cases of moderate enlargement and for ptotic breasts.

PMID- 1092391
TI  - Relay transplantation: a new method of expanding a free skin graft.
AB  - A method of skin transplantation is presented whereby a wound may be successively
      sown with epithelium by the repeated transfer of the same strips of split
      thickness skin.

PMID- 1092392
TI  - A review of 196 tubed pedicles.

PMID- 1092393
TI  - The back tube pedicle in head and neck reconstruction.
AB  - The use of a back tube pedicle in 19 patients, presenting for reconstruction of
      defects in the head and neck region, is shown and aspects of surgical technique
      discussed. In general, satisfactory results were achieved and it is recommended
      that the back should be considered more often as a donor site when the more
      convenient deltopectoral flap is not available, not desirable.

PMID- 1092394
TI  - Rotation flap for distal nasal defects.

PMID- 1092395
TI  - Somersault flap for reconstruction of the helix.
AB  - An original technique for reconstruction of the helix has been successfully
      applied. Posterior auricular skin ia attached to the medical aspect of the
      helical rim, then somersaulted laterally into position, recreating the helical
      curl.

PMID- 1092396
TI  - Alar base resection for wide flaring nostrils.

PMID- 1092397
TI  - Lip-plug carcinoma and its management by modified Abbe flap.
AB  - From Tanzania 2 cases are reported, and reference made to a third, of carcinoma
      arising in the upper lip in relation to a lip-plug, a traditional wooden
      adornment worm within an orifice in the tissues of the upper lip. Mangement was
      by excision and repair with a modified Abbe flap.

PMID- 1092398
TI  - Lithium in non-manic-depressives: antiaggressive effect and red blood cell
      lithium values.
AB  - Lithium was given to eight aggressive, non-manic-depressive female defectives in
      a doubleblind placebo-controlled study. The group as a whole showed a reduction
      in aggression scores while on lithium (p greater than 0.01): three patients
      became less aggressive,one became worse and two were unchanged. Both affective
      and predatory aggression seemed to be reduced. Two patients had to be withdrawn
      from the trial at an early stage because of the development of neurotoxicity.

PMID- 1092399
TI  - The lesion in stereotactic suscaudate tractotomy.
AB  - The anatomical distribution of 25 stereotactic tractotomy lesions is described.
      The posterior half of these lesions lie in a subcaudate position and the anterior
      half, for the most part, lies beneath the central segment of frontal white
      matter.

PMID- 1092400
TI  - Is unilateral ECT less effective than bilateral ECT?

PMID- 1092401
TI  - Mathematical method to utilize a computer for diagnosis of site and type of
      intracerebral mass lesions.
AB  - A mathematical process has been devised which can utilize full clinical data of
      symptoms and signs, neuroradiological procedures, EEG and isotope scanning to
      predict the site and pathological process in a patient presenting with
      disturbance of central nervous system function. The work is a further expansion
      and modification of the computer program described by Du Boulay and Price (1968).

PMID- 1092402
TI  - Movement of criticall ill patients within hospital.
AB  - Critically ill patients were observed during routine movement inside the hospital
      to and from the intensive therapy unit. One patient a month suffered major
      cardiorespiratory collapse or death as a direct result of movement. Renewed
      bleeding of a pelvic fracture, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac embarrassment due to a
      haemothorax, and cardiovascular decompensation were seen. It was difficult to
      continue treatment during movement, especially maintaining an airway or providing
      adequate intermittent positive pressure ventilation. Seventy postoperative
      patients suffered few ill effects on being moved. Greater awareness of the
      dangers of moving critically ill patients within hospital is needed. Thorough
      preparation for the move and adequate maintenance of treatment during movement
      requires the skill of experienced medical staff.

PMID- 1092403
TI  - A. Lister B.A., M.B., B. CHIR., F.R.C.S.

PMID- 1092404
TI  - E. Sklarz M.D., L.R.C.P.&S.ED., L.R.F.P.S.GLAS.

PMID- 1092405
TI  - Outside medicine. Gideon Algernon Mantell.

PMID- 1092406
TI  - Angus Macrae.

PMID- 1092407
TI  - Untoward effects associated with practolol: demonstration of antibody binding to
      epithelial tissue.
AB  - An antibody which sticks to the intercellular region of xenogenic epidermal
      tissue has been shown by indirect immunofluorescence to be present in the serum
      of patients with practolol-induced eye damage. These antibodies and those found
      in patients with pemphigus were compared for their ability to bind to isolated
      epidermal cells. Binding was achieved only with the pemphigus antibody, which
      suggests that it may have a different specificity from the antibody associated
      with practolol-induced eye damage.

PMID- 1092409
TI  - Z. L. Szur, M.B., CH.B., M.R.C.P., F.F.R., D.M.R.

PMID- 1092410
TI  - Editorial: Current status of antilymphocyte globulin.

PMID- 1092408
TI  - Prolactin studies in "functionless" pituitary tumours.
AB  - Hyperprolactinaemia was found in all 17 women and in one out of six men who
      presented with hypogonadism and a radiologically enlarged sella turcica but no
      other clinical endocrine dysfunction. Some of the women also had galactorrhoea.
      The greater the level of hyperprolactinaemia in these 18 patients the larger
      their sellae turcica except in two patients with unusual features. The sella
      turcica was usually asymmetrically enlarged and there was rearly an upward
      extension of tumour, though the sella floor often showed some erosion on
      tomography. An oral dose of bromocriptine suppressed the hyperprolactinaemia in
      mose patients at the same rate as in normal post-partum women. Nine of the 18
      patients with hyperprolactinaemia had low basal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels.
      The LH responsiveness to 100 mug of LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) was tested in 12,
      and eight showed subnormal values. Of eight biopsy specimens obtained four showed
      acidophil granules on light microscopy, and in five granules of various sizes
      were seen on electron microscopy.

PMID- 1092411
TI  - Prophylaxis of postoperative leg vine thrombosis by low dose subcutaneous heparin
      or peroperative calf muscle stimulation: a controlled clinical trial.
AB  - In a randomized, controlled clinical trial of two methods of preventing
      postoperative leg vein thrombosis patients undergoing major surgery were divided
      into three groups. One received intermittent electrical calf muscle stimulation
      during surgery, the second subcutaneous heparin calcium 5000 IU every eight hours
      for six days, and the third no specific prophylaxis. Leg vein thrombosis was
      detected by the 125-I-fibrinogen uptake test. Neither method was effective in
      patients undergoing open bladder or prostatic surgery. Stimulation did not reduce
      the incidence of leg vein thrombosis in patients with malignant disease
      undergoing laparotomy, but heparin calcium was highly successful in this group (P
      smaller than 0-001). When the laparotomy was for a benign condition, however,
      both heparin calcium (P smaller than 0-001) and stimulation (P smaller than 0-01)
      were effective.

PMID- 1092412
TI  - New serological test for malaria antibodies.
AB  - In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for malaria antibodies, antibodies
      to Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum in man are detected using a crude antigen
      prepared from the simian malaria parasite P. knowlesi. The test may be suitable
      for epidemiological studies.

PMID- 1092413
TI  - Surgery of violence. VI. Gunshot wounds of the limbs.

PMID- 1092414
TI  - S.C. Dyke.

PMID- 1092415
TI  - Editorial: Plastic patients.

PMID- 1092416
TI  - Letter: Schistosome antigen in transplanted kidney.

PMID- 1092417
TI  - C.L. Cope.

PMID- 1092418
TI  - Editorial: Fish farms and botulism.

PMID- 1092419
TI  - Dextran 70 in prophylaxis of thromboembolic disease after surgery: a clinically
      oriented randomized double-blind trial.
AB  - A randomized double-blind trial of prophylaxis of thromboembolism in surgical
      patients judged by clinical morbidity has been completed. Altogether 831 patients
      over 40 years of age who underwent elective surgery of the stomach, biliary
      system, or colon received either dextran 70 or normal saline before the
      operation. Thirteen of the 435 patients on saline and three of the 396 on dextran
      developed pulmonary embolism. Eight of these 16 patients died of pulmonary
      embolism--seven in the saline group and one in the dextran group. As detected
      either clinically or by 125I-fibrinogen scanning the incidence of deep vein
      thrombosis was similar in the two groups. There was no increased incidence of
      excessive bleeding in patients on dextran though clinical impression suggested
      that some patients on dextran bled excessively. This trial showed that dextran 70
      administered by intravenous drip during operation is effective in preventing
      pulmonary embolism and, in particular, reducing mortality from this cause. It
      seems to be as effective as subcutaneous heparin but is easier to administer and
      places less of a burden on nursing services.

PMID- 1092420
TI  - Comparison of two methods of administering bronchodilator aerosol to asthmatic
      patients.
AB  - In 78 patients with chronic asthma the increase in forced expiratory volume in
      one second (FEV-1) after the administration by intermittent positive-pressure
      ventilation (I.P.P.V.) of 10 mg of salbutamol was compared with that recorded
      after the inhalation of a conventional dose (200 mug) from a pressurized
      canister. The mean increase was significantly greater after I.P.P.V.
      administration, and the superiority of this method was greatest in patients with
      the lowest pretreatment FEV-1.

PMID- 1092421
TI  - Norman Capener.

PMID- 1092422
TI  - C. L. Oakley.

PMID- 1092423
TI  - Treponema pallidum in nerve fibres.
AB  - Ultrathin sections of a rabbit scrotal syphiloma were examined by electron
      microscopy. Treponemes were observed in the endo-, peri-, and epineurium of the
      nerve fibre. The significance of these findings, in that infection may be
      transmitted via the nerve fibres and pain reduced by damage to the afferent
      fibres, are discussed.

PMID- 1092424
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of tinidazole and metronidazole in women after single large oral
      doses.
AB  - Serum concentrations of tinidazole and metronidazole have been measured in
      healthy female volunteers who received a single dose of 2 g. of each drug in a
      cross-over study. Bioassays against T. vaginalis showed that metronidazole
      achieved higher peak concentrations (mean 81 mug./ml.) than did tinidazole (mean
      67 mug./ml.), while assays for unchanged drug showed higher peak concentrations
      of tinidazole )mean 51 mug./ml;) than of metronidazole (mean 40 mug./ml9). This
      discrepancy is probably due to the presence in the serum of active metabolites of
      metronidazole. The longer half-life of tinidazole led to significantly higher
      serum concentrations (by bioassay and chemical assay) of tinidazole than of
      metronidazole from 6 hrs onwards.

PMID- 1092425
TI  - Trichomonal vaginitis. A 24-hr regimen of nimorazole compared with a 7-day
      regimen of metronidazole.
AB  - A 24-hr regimen of nimorazole (1 g. orally at 12-hrly intervals for three doses)
      was compared with metronidazole (200 mg. three times daily for 7 days) in the
      treatment of trichomonal vaginitis. The two treatment schedules were given to
      alternate patients, pregnant women being excluded. One hundred cases were treated
      on each schedule; roughly one-fifth of the patients in each group defaulted.
      There were no observed failures with either schedule. The reasons for these
      exceptionally good results are discussed.

PMID- 1092426
TI  - The development of veterinary education in the west of Scotland.

PMID- 1092427
TI  - Non-uniformity of the sympathetic nerve activity in response to baroceptor
      inputs.

PMID- 1092428
TI  - [The 65th birthday of Prof. E. Dlhos, D.Sc].

PMID- 1092430
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Prof. Rudolf Kruty, C.Sc].

PMID- 1092429
TI  - [History of the society of medical students in Bratislava. 7. Slovak problem].

PMID- 1092431
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Viliam Ottis, M.D].

PMID- 1092432
TI  - [The 50th birthday of Jozef Zachar, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1092433
TI  - Radiological changes in controlled hypervolaemic pulmonary oedema in dogs.
AB  - Chest radiographs taken under ideal conditions and reviewed by a radiologist
      experienced in looking for pulmonary oedema are an accurate technique for
      detecting early oedema, differentiating between congestion and oedema, monitoring
      the increases in oedema up to the stage of alveolar flooding and in determining
      the effects of CPPV on an oedematous lung. However, ideal conditions do not exist
      in the I.C.U. Our radiologist had the advantage of a fast exposure, a normal film
      for comparison in the sequence and only one lesion, conditions unlikely to occur
      in the I.C.U. It becomes apparent that it is important to obtain the best
      possible image in these complicated patients. Films in the erect position, for
      vascular distribution, as well as fast exposures with a high MAS factor give the
      sharp detail required to best assess lung changes. Serial studies of the chest
      are a requirement of the I.C.U. patient and it is helpful if comparable films are
      obtained by using a fixed target-to-film distance in association with the short
      exposure factors. If this care is taken, chest radiographs are the most accurate
      non-invasive technique for detecting pulmonary oedema.

PMID- 1092434
TI  - Intestinal distension during nitrous oxide anaesthesia.

PMID- 1092435
TI  - Disinfection of anaesthesia equipment by a mechanized pasteurization method.

PMID- 1092436
TI  - Coupling of glycine and alanine transport to respiration in cells of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Energy coupling for uptake of glycine and alanine in glycerol grown cells of
      Escherichia coli differs from that of the aromatic amino acids. Respiration and
      uptake of glycine and alanine show similar inactivations in cells exposed to high
      intensity violet light or to various concentrations of cyanide. In
      contrast,uptake of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan is resistant to
      effects of light or cyanide. Anoxia largely inhibits uptake of glycine and
      alanine while that of the aromatic amino acids is only partially affected.
      Furthermore, ferricyanide (but not ferrocyanide) completely restores active
      uptake of aromatic amino acids under anoxic conditions but is without effect on
      glycine and alanine uptake. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) concentration does
      not increase in anoxic cells exposed to ferricyanide, indicating that ATP cannot
      be responsible for this restoration. The data suggest that glycine and alanine
      represent amino acids whose transport shows a complete dependence on energy
      derived from respiration, while the energy for transport of the aromatic amino
      acids may be obtained from other sources

PMID- 1092437
TI  - Chemical modification of ribosomes with dimethyl sulfate: a probe to the
      structural organization of ribosomal proteins and RNA.
AB  - Ribosomal proteins from [14-C]dimethyl sulfate treated with 30S and 50S subunits
      of Escherichia coli ribosomes were separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis and the degree of methylation of each protein was determined.
      Comparison of the results from this relatively non-specific chemical modification
      procedure with results from the milerd lysine-specific reductive alkylation
      procedure reported previously (Moore, G. & Crichton, R.R. (1974) Biochem. J. 143,
      607-612) has permitted a topographical classification of ribosomal proteins in
      terms of 'degree of exposure' in the 30S and 50S subunits. The reaction of
      dimethyl sulfate with ribosomal RNA, both in intact subunits and after isolation
      from the subunits, has indicated that approximately half of the RNA in 30S and
      50S subunits is exposed on the surface of the ribonucleoprotein complexes, and
      that no large sections (extended sequences) of 16S RNA are concealed in the 30S
      subunit. It is proposed that modification of ribosomes with dimethyl sulfate is a
      potentially useful technique for probing exposed and hidden regions and also
      exposed single-stranded regions of RNA in ribosomes.

PMID- 1092438
TI  - Acute undifferentiated neonatal diarrhea in beef calves. I. Occurence and
      distribution of infectious agents.
AB  - Beef calves in a 48-cow herd were studied during one calving season from birth to
      ten days of age to determine the presence or absence of potentially
      enteropathogenic bacteria, viruses, and/or chlamydia in both normal and diarrheic
      calves. Calves were born and raised outside in large pens unless the ambient
      temperature was below minus 10 degrees F when calving was done inside. Fecal
      swabs, fecal aliquots, and nasal swabs were taken from each calf at 32, 128 plus
      or minus 3, and 248 plus or minus 3 hours of age and as soon after the onset of
      diarrhea as possible. Diarrhea was defined as that condition in which the feces
      contained less than 10% dry matter. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in feces
      were identified using the ligated gut loop procedure in calves and by feeding
      broth cultures to colostrum fed lambs seven to 16 hours old. Potentially
      enteropathogenic viruses were detected using a variety of methods which included
      tissue culture, fluorescent antibody, hemadsorption, and electron microscope
      techniques. Of the 40 calves studied, 32 (80%) developed diarrhea before ten days
      of age. Twenty-two strains of Escherichia coli which caused dilation of calf
      ligated intestinal loops were isolated from 11 scouring calves and from one
      normal calf. Nine out of ten strains of Escherichia coli which dilated ligated
      loops also caused diarrhea when fed to colostrum-fed lambs seven to 16 hours old.
      Using antibody technique a Reo-like virus was detected in the feces of 15 calves
      before, during, and after the onset of diarrhea. Four calves excreted both loop
      dilating strains of E. coli and Reo-like virus in the feces before ten days of
      age; in all cases the loop dilating E. coli were isolated from the feces prior to
      the demonstration of Reo-like virus. A Corona-like virus was also demonstrated in
      three of the 15 calves infected with Reo-like virus and a noncytopathogenic
      strain of bovine virus diarrhea virus was isolated from two of the 15 calves
      infected with Reo-like virus. A loop dilating strain of Citrobacter was isolated
      from one diarrheic calf. There was no consistent pattern of onset or duration of
      diarrhea in calves which excreted different infectious agents. Salmonella
      species, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, parvovirus, adenoviruses,
      parainfluenza-3 virus, and Chlamydia species could not be demonstrated in any of
      the calves or their dams. No potentially enteropathogenic agents could be
      demonstrated in 11 of the 32 calves which scoured. These findings emphasize the
      complexity of the infectious aspect of the neonatal diarrhea syndrome and
      illustrate the difficulty in making an etiological diagnosis in field outbreaks
      of the calf scours complex.

PMID- 1092439
TI  - Histochemical localization of hydrolytic enzymes during corneal graft reaction.
AB  - We studied hydrolytic enzymes in the graft bed during the corneal graft reaction.
      Two enzymes, beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase, were used as the markers of
      lysosomal hydrolytic enzymes. These were traced histochemically at various times
      before and after the onset of the graft reaction in a corneal xenograft model.
      Results showed a relationship between the degree of graft opacity, cellular
      infiltration and enzyme localization.  It appeared that during the early stages
      of graft reaction, the granulocytes, and during the late stages, the
      agranulocytes were the main source of the enzymes.

PMID- 1092440
TI  - Lethality of Candida strains as influenced by the host.
AB  - A comparative study of the pathogenicity of Candida albicans morphological mutant
      strains was made to relate chlamydospore production, germ tube formation, and
      proteolytic activity to candidiasis in mice. It was observed that the mycelium
      strains were more lethal than the yeast-like strains and that neither
      chlamydospore production, germ tube formation, nor nutritional resquirements was
      related to pathogenicity in mice. Statistical analysis indicated that the culture
      media of the organisms and the strain and sex of the mice into which the cells
      were injected were important in the development of pathogenicity.

PMID- 1092441
TI  - Determination of guanine plus cytosine content in Streptococcus pyogenes.
AB  - The guanine and cytosine content of Streptococcus pyogenes DNA was determined by
      thermal denaturation and buoyant density analysis to be 36.7% and 38.7%,
      respectively.

PMID- 1092442
TI  - Two modifications making membrane filtration more economical.
AB  - Two economical membrane filtration techniques are described: (1) vacuum
      filtration through a single funnel into several sterile containers and (2)
      pressure filtration using an inexpensive combination of pressure source, vessel,
      and valve.

PMID- 1092443
TI  - Surgery for coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure.
AB  - A group of 41 patients presenting primarily with symptoms of congestive heart
      failure was investigated by coronary arteriography and myocardial
      revascularization. Of these patients 20 underwent resection of left ventricular
      aneurysm or left ventricular plication as well as revascularization.
      Revascularization plus resection of left ventricular aneurysm gives gratifying
      results, but revascularization in the presence of severe generalized hypokinesis
      is less satisfactory; however, the improvement in clinical condition in a
      sufficient number of patients is such that this approach to their management is
      justified. Accordingly, every patient with coronary artery disease and congestive
      heart failure should be investigated by angiography. Numerous factors influence
      the results of revascularization for the relief of congestive heart failure; the
      most useful as a criterion to aid patient selection is left ventriculography. In
      this group of 41 patients 66% were helped by myocardial revascularization.

PMID- 1092444
TI  - Prophylactic antibiotic therapy in surgery.
AB  - Prophylactic (preventive) antibiotic therapy initiated preoperatively, with
      antibiotics administered in moderately high dosage for short periods, is
      recommended on the basis of experimental and prospective, randomized clinical
      trials for patients who require surgery that is likely to expose tissue planes to
      contamination. The value of prophylactic antibiotics in clean operations is not
      presently supported but must be considered in patients with decreased resistance
      and in those in whom infection of a prosthesis would have catastrophic results.
      In these patients topical antibiotics might prove useful and less dangerous. It
      is clear that surgical technique remains an important but as yet unmeasured
      factor in wound infection.

PMID- 1092445
TI  - Renovascular hypertension: the contribution of surgery to treatment.

PMID- 1092446
TI  - Host defence mechanisms: evaluation and roles of acquired defects and
      immunotherapy.
AB  - The development of an infectious process is a result of the interaction of the
      three determinants of infection: the infecting organism, the local site of
      infection and systemic host defences. Interaction of the various components is
      important in an understanding of the development of sepsis. Acquired defects of
      host defence mechanisms are attributable to a variety of factors and can be both
      the cause and the result of sepsis. The burn injury illustrates alterations in
      host defence and the interaction of the determinants of sepsis. Methods of
      evaluating the components of host defence are available, though sometimes
      difficult; in the future, evaluation of the effect of one component on another
      will become clinically feasible, allowing more complete assessment of acquired
      defects. Immunotherapy is not yet widely available; however, definition of the
      acquired defects of host defence mechanisms in surgical patients may eventually
      lead to introduction of effective treatment.

PMID- 1092447
TI  - Results of minor foot amputations for ischemia of the lower extremity in
      diabetics and nondiabetics.
AB  - Results of 208 minor amputations were analyzed in 179 patients who had no food
      pulses. Wound healing was assessed at 3 months in relation to diabetes and
      previous vascular surgery. The results suggest that simple removal of the toe or
      toes is not advisable unless the blood supply to the foot can be improved by
      vascular reconstruction or sympathectomy, or both. Transmetatarsal amputation
      should be considered more often as a conservative amputation for gangrene of the
      toes. The absence of a palpable posterior tibial pulse is a contraindication to
      the Syme's amputation.

PMID- 1092448
TI  - Influence of the Edinburgh Medical School on the early development of McGill
      University.

PMID- 1092449
TI  - The role of fomites in the transmission of vaginitis.
AB  - A role for fomites such as toilet seats in the transmission of vaginitis has
      never been proved or disproved. A compilation of clinical data from a university
      community showed that the organisms found in vaginal cultures of patients with
      vaginitis were, in order of frequency. Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, beta
      hemolytic streptococci, Hemophilus vaginalis and Trichomonas vaginalis. In a
      concurrent bacteriologic survey of washroom fixtures, staphylococci and other
      micrococci were isolated most frequently. The overt pathogens associated with
      vaginitis were never found, and gram-negative organisms appeared to be suppressed
      by the disinfectant used by the cleaning staff. It is clear that fomites are not
      an important mode of transmission in vaginitis, although a search for specific
      pathogens on toilets is to be continued.

PMID- 1092450
TI  - Editorial: Breast milk: a neglected asset.

PMID- 1092451
TI  - Diseases associated with specific HL-A antigens.
AB  - Significantly increased prevalences of particular HL-A antigens have been
      reported for many human diseases. The correlation is particularly striking in
      ankylosing spondylitis, Reiter's syndrome, psoriasis and some immunopathic
      disorders, so that HL-A typing may be of great value in diagnosis. The possible
      mechanisms whereby these associations may occur suggest the cause of certain
      disorders, and further investiatation will likely help in the understanding of
      the pathogenesis of many diseases.

PMID- 1092452
TI  - Military medical services in Canada. I: the beginnings.

PMID- 1092453
TI  - Editorial: Heart transplants--an optimistic view.

PMID- 1092454
TI  - Letter: Tissue and organ transplants.

PMID- 1092455
TI  - Psychogenesis and somatogenesis of common symptoms.
AB  - There are situations in clinical practice in which the physican should keep in
      mind the influence of emotional factors in the elaboration of symptoms and yet
      should not conclude hastily that "all is in the patient's mind". Symptoms are
      often the result of complex etiologic factors including life-threatening
      illnesses presenting psychologic symptoms as an early manifestation. Psychologic
      disorders and physical illnesses with similar symptoms may coexist in the same
      patient. There are also cases in which the symptoms are the result of the
      constant interaction of psychologic and physical factors. Some suggestions to
      help to clarify the diagnosis are given and a classification of the different
      clinical situations involved is presented. Becuase physicians should be
      constantly aware of the complexity of the factors involved in the elaboration of
      obscure symptoms, some recommendations are given in regard to undergraduate and
      graduate medical education.

PMID- 1092456
TI  - Dr. James D. Stephen.

PMID- 1092457
TI  - Dr. Anne Elizabeth Keyl.

PMID- 1092458
TI  - Dr. David McDougall Archibald.

PMID- 1092459
TI  - Dr. Wilfred James McCorkell.

PMID- 1092460
TI  - Michael Heidelberger as a carbohydrate chemist.

PMID- 1092461
TI  - Human blood-group MN and precursor specificities: structural and biological
      aspects.
AB  - The human blood-group MM and NN antigens carry 2 to 4 immunodominant groupings
      per repeating subunit and differ only by one sialic acid residue per
      immunodominant group. This residue covers in the MM antigen the beta-D
      galactopyranosyl group that is terminal in the N immunodominant structure and
      that, together with a terminal alpha-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid residue, is
      responsible for N specificity. M specificity was readily converted into N
      specificity by mild acid treatment. N structure is the immediate biochemical
      precursor of M structure, and M and N antigenic specificities are not determined
      by two allelic genes as believed hitherto. The NN antigen was inactivated by beta
      D-galactosidase as well as by removal of N-acetylneuraminic acid. Some of the
      reactivities of the NN antigen, lost upon beta-D-galactosidase treatment,
      reappeared on subsequent partial N-acetylneuraminic acid removal. The structure
      uncovered by complete sialic acid depletion of MN antigens is the Thomsen
      Friedenreich T antigen, the specificity of which is determined by beta-D
      galactopyranosyl groups. Beta-D-Galactosidase treatment transformed the T antigen
      into one possessing Tnactivity. The significance of blood-group MN active
      substances extends to human breast cancer, where MN antigens were found in benign
      and malignant glands, but some of their precursors in cancerous tissue only.

PMID- 1092462
TI  - [Clinical biochemistry, its successes and development in the last 30 years].

PMID- 1092463
TI  - [A new synthetic analog of vasopressin, desamino-6 carba-(8-D-arginin)
      vasopressin, active against diabetes insipidus refractory to vasopressin and
      adiuretin spofa (author's transl)].

PMID- 1092464
TI  - [60th birthday of Jiri Pechar, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1092465
TI  - [60th birthday of Chief Physician Frantisek Jindrak, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1092466
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Jaroslav Jedicka, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1092467
TI  - Lymphocyte: erythrocyte (L.E.) rosettes as indicators of the heterogeneity of
      lymphocytes in a variety of mammalian species.
AB  - Lymphocytes and red cells from various mammalian species have been mixed in vitro
      in conditions which favor their aggregation in the form of rosettes. The
      frequencies of rosette formation taken in conjunction with observations on
      surface bound immunoglobulin on the lymphocytes favor the interpretation that, in
      many species of animal, rosette formation can be used as an indicator of the
      thymic (T) or bursal equivalent (B) origin of lymphocytes.

PMID- 1092468
TI  - The general affinity of lac repressor for E. coli DNA: implications for gene
      regulation in procaryotes and eucaryotes.
AB  - By equilibrium competition experiments, the dissociation constant (K(RD)) of lac
      repressor for E. coli DNA carrying a deletion of the lac operon was measured at a
      variety of salt concentrations. These data are used in the consideration of
      several aspects of protein-DNA interaction: Quantitative estimates of specificity
      are made. Specificity changes only slightly with salt concentration. We calculate
      that in vivo, 98 percent or more of repressor is bound to DNA predominately at
      sites other than the lac operator. Inducers shift repressor from operator to
      nonoperator DNA, but do not free it from DNA. The general affinity of repressor
      for E. coli DNA is sufficient to support a model where repressor slides along DNA
      for significant distances. The effective dissociation constant of repressor for
      operator (K(eff)) is very sensitive to the total DNA concentration. We propose
      that "junk" DNA in eucaryotes functions to maintain total DNA at an optimum
      concentration. We consider the lac operon in the nucleus of a lymphocyte, point
      out that severe difficulties would be encountered, and suggest possible
      solutions.

PMID- 1092469
TI  - Thy 1 (theta) antigen on the surface of morphologically distinct brain cell
      types.
AB  - Surface cultures of 15-19 day old fetal mouse brain that do not initially express
      the Thy 1 antigen develop the antigen between 4 and 11 days in culture. The
      antigen can be detected by immunofluorescence of live cells on the culture plate
      on two morphologically distinct types of cells. Both neuronal-looking cells and a
      more general category of cells which includes fibroblastic cells can express the
      Thy 1 antigen. The antigen is not expressed on certain cells of the glial type.
      This method enables one to distinguish between different types of brain cells in
      culture both morphologically and immunologically at the same time.

PMID- 1092470
TI  - Mechanisms of macrophage activation by Corynebacterium parvum. I. In vitro
      experiments.

PMID- 1092471
TI  - Differentiation of lymphoid cells: suppression of the induction of immunoglobulin
      M-secreting rabbit lymph node cells by cells present in bone marrow.

PMID- 1092472
TI  - The role of antigen in the immune response: analysis by limiting dilution
      methods.

PMID- 1092473
TI  - Comparable T-dependence of 19S and 7S secondary responses to sheep erythrocytes
      in vitro.

PMID- 1092474
TI  - Increased chemotactic responses of macrophages from BCG-infected mice.

PMID- 1092475
TI  - The inception of the response to SRBC by nude mice injected with various doses of
      congenic or allogeneic thymus cells.

PMID- 1092476
TI  - Production of migration inhibition factor (MIF) by human established B type cell
      lines derived from normal and malignant tissues: studies of some factors
      affecting MIF release.

PMID- 1092477
TI  - Adjuvant effect of nystatin on in vitro antibody response of mouse spleen cells
      to heterologous erythrocytes.

PMID- 1092478
TI  - Irradiation-resistant primed T cell function.

PMID- 1092479
TI  - Dynamics of the TL antigens on thymus and leukemia cells.

PMID- 1092480
TI  - The cellular basis of cortisone-induced immunosuppression of the antibody
      response studied by its reversal in vitro.

PMID- 1092481
TI  - Characteristics of efferent lymphatic cells from the regional lymph nodes in
      rabbits sensitized with SRBC.

PMID- 1092482
TI  - Influence of the antigenicity of target cells on the antibody-mediated
      cytotoxicity of nonsensitized lymphocytes.

PMID- 1092483
TI  - Production by murine spleen cells of an activity stimulating the PHA
      responsiveness of thymus lymphocytes.

PMID- 1092484
TI  - Regulation of the immune response. IX. Resistance to antibody mediated
      immunosuppression induced by the presence of the allogeneic effect.

PMID- 1092485
TI  - Synergism of bacterial lipopolysaccharides and concanavalin A in the activation
      of thymic lymphocytes.

PMID- 1092486
TI  - Physical Factors in Denture Retention.
AB  - AAThis investigation was carried out to analyze the physical factors of saliva
      affecting denture retention. A model of examining denture retention is given by
      two parallel disks separated by a liquid layer. Metal, polyisobutylene (PIB) and
      poly (methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) were used instead of a denture and mucous
      membrane; and glycerol, olive oil and castor oil instead of saliva. The
      experiments were performed with three disk conditions: (1) Both upper and lower
      disks of metal, (2) both upper and lower disks of PMMA, (3) upper disk with PIB
      lining and lower of PMMA soley. A strain gauge was used in the experimental
      apparatus in order to obtain a measurement of high accuracy. In the experiments,
      the retentive forces developed in layers of 50 mu tickness were measured and
      compared with the values calculated from theoretical equations. The results are
      summarized as follows: (1)Retentive force must be resolved into static adhesive
      and separating forces, (2) surface tension of liquid may not highly influence the
      retention, and (3) viscosity of liquid plays an important role when two disks are
      separated.

PMID- 1092487
TI  - Immunological factors in the evolution of active chronic hepatitis and other
      autoimmune liver diseases.

PMID- 1092488
TI  - Fibrosis in chronic liver disease.

PMID- 1092489
TI  - Primary biliary cirrhosis.

PMID- 1092490
TI  - The development of cirrhosis in Wilson's disease.

PMID- 1092492
TI  - Surgical management of portal hypertension.

PMID- 1092491
TI  - The hepatic circulation and portal hypertension.

PMID- 1092493
TI  - Management of gastrointestinal bleeding in cirrhotic patients.

PMID- 1092494
TI  - The seventh A.W.T. Edwards memorial oration-Medical research in the U.S.A. and
      how it grew: a cynical view.

PMID- 1092495
TI  - Immune complex deposition in thyroid carcinoma associated with chronic
      thyroiditis.

PMID- 1092497
TI  - Effect of hemodialysis and transplantation on inhibition of lymphocyte
      transformation by sera from uremic patients.

PMID- 1092496
TI  - Discrepancy between PHA responsiveness and quantitative estimates of T-cell
      numbers in human peripheral blood during chronic renal failure and
      immunosuppression after transplantation.

PMID- 1092498
TI  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: destruction of human brain cells by antibody
      and complement in an autologous system.

PMID- 1092499
TI  - Antisera to acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.

PMID- 1092500
TI  - Reticulosarcoma occurring during long-term hemodialysis.
AB  - Reticulosarcoma occuring during long-term hemodialysis. A case of chronic renal
      failure due to polycystic disease of the kidneys with development of a
      reticulosarcoma with cerebral involvement during maintenance hemodialysis is
      described. Immunosuppression from uremia could have played an important part in
      tumor induction in this case and might also be a significant factor in the high
      incidence of de-novo malignancies in renal transplant recipients.

PMID- 1092501
TI  - Endotoxinemia in renal transplant recipients.
AB  - Endotoxinemia in renal transplant recipients. In immunosuppressed renal
      transplant recipients a high incidence of endotoxinemia was found during chest or
      urinary tract infections. Although the endotoxinemia was protracted, indicating
      inability to eradicate the infection, yet in general the effects were benign and
      adverse renal damage was not seen. The Limulus gelation test has a positive
      contribution to make in the diagnosis of illness in transplant recipients.

PMID- 1092502
TI  - A new approach to total hip replacement without osteotomy of the greater
      trochanter.
AB  - To be able to perform total hip replacement without osteotomy of the greater
      trochanter has specific advantages including reduced operating time, reduced
      blood loss and shorter rehabilitation time. However, the exposure is less wide
      than when the greater trochanter is osteotomized and likelihood of technical
      error is increased. A new approach is presented, involving complete capsulectomy
      without osteotomy of the greater trochanter, which provides wide exposure of the
      acetabulum and of the femoral neck. It permits total hip replacement to be done
      without osteotomy of the greater trochanter with satisfactory exposure in many
      instances. Specific contraindications against the use of this approach are those
      circumstances which require shortening of the limb, cases with severe distortion
      of the anatomy, cases of severe protrusio acetabulum and cases with marked
      scarring from previous surgery.

PMID- 1092503
TI  - The classic: Clinical and experimental observations about the etiology of
      arthritis deformans and especially the significance of the aseptic bone and
      cartilage necrosis.

PMID- 1092504
TI  - The present status of the problem of pes cavus.
AB  - Notable historical aspects relating to the etiology and treatment of pes cavus
      have been critically examined. The characteristic features of the deformity are
      described and an explanation offered for the mechanism of their production.
      Although its etiology remains uncertain, a study of the literature and a great
      deal of clinical material has established certain well supported conclusions
      regarding the etiology and pathology of the condition. Certain aspects of
      cerebral palsy serve to strengthen impressions of earlier authors that the
      primary center of origin of pes cavus lies somewhere in the central nervous
      system. Localized foci of partial damage lying adjacent to tracts of nerve cells
      more seriously affected by a neurological disease could emit irritating stimuli
      capable of producing degrees of over-action of the invertor muscles varying from
      obvious spasm to clinically undetectable increase in muscle tone. Biral or other
      factors which stop short at creating nothing more than such a focus of irration
      could explain the insidious onset of the deformity in the idiopathic group. Over
      action of invertor muscles for one reason or another, including ischemia, is
      almost certainly responsible for initiating the deformity, though primary
      contracture of the plantar fascia could possibly do so. With the appearance of
      supination of the heel, the calcanean tendon becomes an active invertor adding
      its force to that of the plantar fascia to produce structural varus of the
      calcaneum. Contracture of the plantar fascia and supination of the heel are
      regarded as features of major importance. Correction of the latter can be
      achieved more effectively by suitable osteotomy than by subtaloid fusion, which
      is regarded with great disfavor. Conservative treatment consists of exercises and
      shoe appliances. Surgical correction is based on calcanean osteotomy and plantar
      fasciotomy supplemented where necessary by suitable tendon transplantations,
      correction of clawing of the toes, and tarsal or metatarsal wedge resections.
      Preservation of the midtarsal subtaloid joint complex is essential. With the heel
      correctly aligned the degree of improvement to be expected in the forefoot
      deformity is such that any structural operation on it should be deferred until a
      fair period of walking has been tried.

PMID- 1092505
TI  - Fracture treatment. The still unsolved problem.
AB  - The problem of the best method for fracture treatment is unsolved and awaits in
      genuity and intensive research. It is not known whether it is better to treat a
      fracture by rigid immobilization or by cyclical loading systems. Reports on the
      treatment of healing bones by the various contemporary methods are contradictory
      and inconclusive owing to the inherent lack of control in clinical studies.
      Selected experimental studies on the various biomechanical factors in fracture
      healing suggest that mechanical variables definitely alter qualitatively the
      healing of fractured bone. Although no studies have been specifically designed to
      show which mechanical factors resulted in the most efficient fracture healing,
      investigations suggest that healing under conditions of rigid fixation results in
      qualitative structural differences which constitute a weaker bone.

PMID- 1092506
TI  - The orthopaedic research society. Its first twenty years.
AB  - The Orthopaedic Research Society represents one of the many organizations which
      has contributed to advances necessary to establish orthopedics as a distinct
      specialty. The foresight and dedication of its founders and leaders undoubtedly
      stimulated vital musculoskeletal research upon which much of our present day
      therapy is based. The prodigious growth of the society in a brief twenty years in
      number of members, papers presented, and, most importantly, in quality of
      research engendered, reflects the vitality of contemporary orthopedics.
      Undoubtedly the Society will contunue to serve as a forum where investigators,
      both experienced and beginner, may present results of their latest attempts to
      solve the all too many mysteries of the musculoskeletal system.

PMID- 1092507
TI  - Synovectomy of the hip in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Review of the results of subtotal and complete synovectomy of 9 hips in 5 female
      patients with subluxation or progressive joint destruction (roentgenographically)
      than any 2 years showed improvement or retention of joint motion in 4 patients.
      Complete synovectomy, performed in 7 hips, necessitated surgical dislocation of
      the joint, but there was no evidence that this surgical dislocation comprised the
      proximal femoral blood supply. The mildest synovial and cartilagenous changes
      were present in the patient who has bilateral partial synovectomies. At follow-up
      these hips showed more severe destruction evaluated during a minimum of the hips
      treated by total synovectomy. No postoperative dislocations occurred. Synovectomy
      of the hip may be useful for progressive hip involvement in younger patients
      whose skeletal immaturity contraindicates major reconstructive procedures.

PMID- 1092508
TI  - Intertrochanteric osteotomy for degenerative hip disease. Indications.
AB  - A retrospective study was carried out to determine what were the features of
      either success or failure of intertrochanteric osteotomy of the hip for
      degenerative hip disease. Seventy-three patients (78 hips) were reviewed
      clinically and roentgenographically with a follow-up of two to 12 years. The hips
      were classified into the superior, medial and intermediate types of the primary
      degenerative hip disease and into the dysplastic and coxa magna variety for the
      secondary degenerative hip disease and then further classified into Stage I and
      Stage II. Stage I was defined by the roentgenographic criteria common to most of
      the successful procedures (78%) and Stage II was defined by criteria common to
      the failures (77%). Each of the stages was defined for the various types of
      degenerative hip disease. The roentgenographic criteria for Stage I are suggested
      as prerequisitive for indicating intertrochanteric osteotomy for treatment of
      degenerative hip disease. The roentgenographic criteria for Stage II are
      suggested as an indication for an operative procedure other than osteotomy. The
      postoperative course in the successful case characteristically showed an
      immediate pain relief and gradual improvement in walking, motion and function
      over a period of at least 6 years.

PMID- 1092509
TI  - The pathology of Legg-Perthes disease and its comparison with aseptic necrosis.
AB  - A review of pathological material obtained in cases of Legg-Perthes disease and
      in aseptic necrosis in the adult shows some similarities in distribution of the
      involved segment of the femoral head. X-ray signs of separation of the central
      avascular segment from the superior lateral and medial viable segments of the
      femoral head are recognizable. Crushing in of the weight-bearing segment then
      occurs and is recognized by flattening of the femoral head outline. At this point
      the child is in danger of suffering lateral displacement of the viable lateral
      segment leading to an incongruous extruded femoral head in relation to the
      acetabulum. Treatment measures must be taken prior to the occurrence of this
      lateral epiphyseal fracture in order to prevent the development of the stage of
      the disease where the prognosis is poor.

PMID- 1092510
TI  - Bacteremia in pediatric patients following dental manipulations.
AB  - A recent study has claimed that children who do not have gingivitis do not have
      bacteremia following dental manipulations and that these children do not require
      antibiotic prophylaxis. Postoperative blood cultures from 53 children and
      adolescents with and without gingivitis drawn within ten minutes of elevation of
      the gums, extraction of teeth, and extensive gingivectomies were sterile in all
      cases. The collection and laboratory methods and media were carefully evaluated
      and found satisfactory. However, the time interval between the dental procedure
      and the collection of the blood is believed to have been too short for reliable
      results and that the abandonment of the antibiotic prophylaxis in children is
      unwarranted.

PMID- 1092511
TI  - Effect of tricyclic antidepressants and alcohol in psychomotor skills related to
      driving.
AB  - Twenty healthy subjects took amitriptyline, doxepin, and placebo for 2 wk each in
      a double-blind crossover trial, and another 20 subjects similarly took
      nortriptyline, chlorimipramine, and placebo. The antidepressants were given three
      times daily in doses generally used for neurotic patients. The presence of
      antidepressants in tissues was checked with the tyramine pressor test. On the
      seventh and fourteenth days of each period, psychomotor skills (choice reaction,
      coordination, and attention) were measured after the administration of drugs in
      combination with an alcoholic or placebo drink. Dose-response graphs for the
      tyramine pressor effect were shifted to the right during the antidepressant
      treatment, indicating a blockade of the membrane pump in peripheral sympathetic
      terminals. This antityramine effect of antidepressants did not correlate with
      their psychomotor effects. No drug alone importantly impaired psychomotor skills.
      Amitriptyline in combination with alcohol increased cumulative choice reaction
      times, and doxepin in combination with alcohol increased both cumulative choice
      reaction times and inaccuracy of reactions. Coordination was impaired after both
      of these combinations on the seventh day. It seems as if doxepin and
      amitriptyline but not nortiriptyline or chlorimipramine, in combination with 0.5
      gm/kg of alcohol, may be especially dangerous in driving.

PMID- 1092512
TI  - Comparative respiratory depression of tillidine and morphine.
AB  - Respiratory depression induced by tilidine was compared with that of morphine in
      a crossover study in 6 healthy subjects. Increments of tilidine, 150 mg/70 kg,
      and morphine, 10 mg/70 kg, were given intravenously and displacement of each
      subject's CO2 response curve was measured after each dose increment. Both
      tilidine and morphine caused dose-related displacement of the CO2 response curves
      to the right. Approximately 80 to 120 mg of tilidine can be expected to induce
      the respiratory depression of morphine, 10 mg, when given intravenously.
      Subjective effects after tilidine were qualitatively similar to those of morphine
      but were of longer duration with nausea and vomiting more frequent. The
      respiratory depression of both drugs was effectively antagonized by naloxone.

PMID- 1092513
TI  - Deanol and methylphenidate in minimal brain dysfunction.
AB  - Deanol, a putative acetylcholine precursor, has been used as a treatment for
      childhood hyperactivity for years. Efficacy has not been satisfactorily
      established, however. Seventy-four children referred for problems with learning,
      including many with hyperactivity, were screened for neurological or psychiatric
      illness, then given deanol, methylphenidate, or placebo in a double-blind fashion
      for 3 months. Maintenance dose for methylphenidate was 40 mg daily; for deanol,
      500 mg. Behavior rating forms, reaction time, and a series of standard
      psychometric tests were given before and after treatment. Both drugs showed
      significant improvement on a number of tests; the pattern and degree of change
      differed slightly for the two. In this paradigm, deanol thus appeared to improve
      performance in children with learning and behavior disorders. The mechanism of
      action remains speculative; proof that deanol increases acetylcholine is scanty,
      and there is a theoretical basis for actually assuming an anticholinergic effect.
      Further clinical studies on deanol are indicated.

PMID- 1092515
TI  - Controlled trial of propranolol in intermittent claudication.
AB  - Seven patients (5 with arteriosclerosis obliterans and 2 with Buerger's disease)
      completed a two-phase double-blind crossover trial of propranolol in intermittent
      claudication. Performance was measured on a moving treadmill. In the initial
      phase, the patients were hospitalized in order to determine an "effective" dose
      of propranolol. Improvement was noted in all: after 1,600 mg in 5 and after 240
      mg and 600 mg in the others. The controlled phase was carried out on an
      outpatient basis over 8 weeks, the patients receiving propranolol and placebo in
      a random manner, each for two 2-week periods. Comparison of matched periods of
      drug and placebo revealed no advantage for propranolol. Patients' performances
      deteriorated with time. None of the patients evidenced deterioration of occlusive
      peripheral arterial disease that could be attributed to propranolol, in spite of
      the high doses used.

PMID- 1092514
TI  - Interaction of ephedrine and theophylline.
AB  - The effectiveness and safety of individualized theophylline doses administered as
      such and in combination with ephedrine and hydroxyzine was investigated in 23
      children with chronic asthma who received these medications and a placebo for 1
      week each, double-blind and in randomized sequence. Theophylline, determined by
      prior clinical titration in each patient, averaged 7.3 mg/kg per dose
      administered every 6 hr, with peak serum theophylline concentrations averaging
      about 16 mug/ml. Asthmatic symptoms were controlled with theophylline. Ephedrine,
      alone or in combination, was relatively ineffectual in these patients. None of
      the drugs given alone was associated with significant adverse effects but both
      ephedrine-theophylline combinations (with and without hydroxyzine) were
      associated with insomnia, nervousness, and gastrointestinal complaints. Since the
      combinations were not significantly more effective than theophylline alone, the
      apparent toxicity of these combinations suggests a contraindication for the
      routine use of ephedrine with theophylline in the management of chronic asthma.

PMID- 1092516
TI  - Fenfluramine in man: hypophagia associated with diminished serotonin turnover.
AB  - A double-blind trial of orally administered fenfluramine was conducted in 7 non
      obese adults with various neurological disorders. Caloric intake and body weight
      fell significantly after 8 days of treatment although there was no definite
      change in appetite ratings. Average central turnover of serotonin, as estimated
      by the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5
      HIAA) during probenecid loading, decreased by 66%. No significant change in
      homovanillic acid, the major dopamine product, was apparent. The results support
      the contention that the effect of fenfluramine on human dietary intake may be
      mediated by alterations in serotonergic rather than dopaminergic mechanisms.

PMID- 1092517
TI  - Lack of effect of rheumatoid arthritis on clonixin metabolism.
AB  - The effect of rheumatoid arthritis on the metabolism of the analgesic, 2-(3
      chloro-o-toluidino) nicotinic acid (clonixin), was evaluated in 12 patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis and in 12 matched healthy control subjects. Males, age
      matched by decades, had no renal, gastrointestinal, or hepatic disease, and took
      no drugs during the study. Lower (p less than 0.02) serum albumins and higher
      globulins in the patients (albumin: 3.87 plus or minus 0.18; globulin: 3.14 plus
      or minus 0.28 gm/100 ml) than in the control subjects (albumin: 4.42 plus or
      minus 0.10; globulin: 2.36 plus or minus 0.08 gm/100 ml) were considered to be
      manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. Fasting subjects were given single oral
      doses of 750 mg of clonixin. A spectrophotometric method was used to determine
      drug blood levels. Serum half-life was 1.45 plus or minus 0.12 hr in patients and
      1.50 plus or minus 0.13 hr in control subjects (p greater than 0.5). Mean peak
      concentration developed at 1.7 hr and was 40.0 plus or minus 2.6 mug/ml for
      patients and 46.1 plus or minus 3.1 mug/ml for control subjects. Thus a single
      oral dose of clonixin results in comparable blood levels in male patients
      suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and in healthy control subjects.

PMID- 1092518
TI  - Variation in the proportions of individual pepsins secreted by the cat in
      response to vagal stimulation and hypoglycaemia.
AB  - 1. Gastric juice was collected at regular intervals during electrical stimulation
      of the vagus in anaesthetized cats and during insulin hypoglycaemia in both
      anaesthetized and conscious cats. The total amounts of acid and pepsin secreted
      were similar in the three groups. 2. Pepsins were examined by agar-gel
      electrophoresis. Resting juice contained two pepsins, and up to nine pepsins
      could be detected after stimulation. Three patterns of pepsin secretion were
      found. 3. The most noticeable feature was the variation in the proportion of
      total pepsin attributable to the pepsin which migrated most rapidly during
      electrophoresis (pepsin 1). In response to insulin hypoglycaemia, anaesthetized
      cats secreted only a small proportion of total pepsin 1 and conscious cats
      secreted a large proportion as pepsin 1. During direct electrical stimulation of
      the vagus, the proportion of pepsin 1 rose. 4. The possibility of a dependence of
      pepsin 1 secretion on vagal stimulation is discussed and the relevance of this to
      peptic ulcer and to vagotomy is considered.

PMID- 1092519
TI  - Permanent hypertension after renal homotransplantation in man.
AB  - 1. In forty-one patients who underwent renal homotransplantation the following
      measurements were made: (a) blood flow and its distribution in the transplanted
      kidney as measured by the 85-Kr washout method; (b) renin release in the renal
      vein of the transplant; (c) arteriovenous difference in plasma renin activity
      (PRA) of the recipient's remaining left kidney. 2. Eleven transplanted patients
      were normotensive. Renal haemodynamic data were comparable with those obtained in
      potential kidney donors. 3. Three hypertensive patients had chronic rejection.
      The mean renal blood flow and the percentage flow in the first component of the
      washout curve were reduced. Renin release from the transplant, however, was
      normal. 4. Ten hypertensive patients had transplant artery stenosis. In eight of
      them renin release from the grafts as well as peripheral PRA were within normal
      range. This result is similar to experimental data obtained in Goldblatt
      renovascular hypertension. The two patients with the tightest artery stenosis had
      an elevated renin release from the transplant. 5. Thirteen hypertensive patients
      had elevated arteriovenous difference in PRA of the recipient's own left kidney.
      Peripheral PRA was significantly higher than in normotensive patients. Left
      nephrectomy relieved hypertension in ten of them; three have not so far undergone
      nephrectomy. 6. In four other cases hypertension was also relieved by removal of
      the patient's own kidney; however, the arteriovenous difference in PRA of that
      kidney fell within normal range.

PMID- 1092520
TI  - [Clinical study of the effectivesness of 2 drugs with action against platelet
      aggregation].

PMID- 1092521
TI  - Influenza vaccine in the elderly.

PMID- 1092522
TI  - Guy W. Van Syckle, M.D., F.A.C.P.

PMID- 1092523
TI  - Paul Winslow Tisher, M.D. 1909-1974.

PMID- 1092524
TI  - Thiamine metabolism in disease.

PMID- 1092525
TI  - The fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-ABS) test for syphilis.
AB  - The FTA test was developed at a time when immunofluorescence procedures were not
      well-defined. Through technique control and research, a modification of the FTA
      test, the FTA-ABS, has attained a position as one of the leading treponemal tests
      to confirm the reagin tests for syphilis. In this review of the FTA-ABS test,
      attention has been focused on reagent development, with the anticipation that
      reagent standardization may soon become a reality. The T. pallidum antigen
      obtained by extracting infected rabbit testicular tissue has evolved from a
      preparation in which the treponemes remained in the initial extracting fluid to a
      reagent that can be free of rabbit tissue and globulin. These washed antigen
      preparations improve visibility of the treponemes on the microscope slide, reduce
      background fluorescence, and reduce or prevent from occurring nonspecific
      reactions that are a result of tissue and globulin components. Both washed and
      nonwashed antigens are available commercially, and, to date, little
      differentiation has appeared on the product label. The predominant immunoglobulin
      that reacts with T. pallidum in the indirect fluorescent antibody tests appears
      to be IgG. This is the major immunoglobulin detected in the FTA-ABS test. IgM,
      although increased in early syphilis, is also increased in other clinical
      conditions. Several reports suggest that adult IgM detection in the present FTA
      ABS test would be nonspecific. Until specific IgM antibody in adult syphilis can
      be detected without a risk to test specificity, the conjugate for the FTA-ABS
      test should continue to be an anti-IgG reagent. Class-specific, anti-IgG reagents
      are more expensive than other reagents; however, their use may eliminate the
      problem of nonspecificity resulting from IgM detection. Additionally,
      micromethods can be used to reduce cost, and this possibility should be
      investigated. The sorbent that contains an antigen to the Reiter treponeme may or
      may not specifically absorb the reactivity that occurs in normal sera; certainly,
      there are questionable aspects about this reagent. Group antibodies not related
      to Reiter treponemes may be responsible for some nonspecific reactivity;
      additionally, antiglobulin factors have been reported to participate in the
      reaction. Antigens free of rabbit serum factors and class-specific,
      antiimmunoglobulin reagents are available, and may lead to a better understanding
      of nonspecific reactions. These reagents should allow resolution of the possible
      multiplicity of reactivity. In this interim period, the sorbent, with its
      possible nonspecific nature, appears to maintain a biological balance between
      natural or group and immune antibodies when used to detect IgG antibody.

PMID- 1092526
TI  - Glycerol used as a cryoprotectant in subzero preservation of rabbit kidneys.

PMID- 1092527
TI  - Ultrastructure-function correlative studies for cardiac cryopreservation. IV.
      Prethaw ultrastructure of myocardium cooled slowly (less than or equal to 2
      degrees C/min) or rapidly (greater than or equal to 70 degrees C/sec) with or
      without dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

PMID- 1092529
TI  - Prospects for the immunotherapy of cancer. Part II: current status of
      immunotherapy.

PMID- 1092528
TI  - Intestinal bypass procedures. Partial ileal bypass for hyperlipidemai and
      jejunoileal bypass for obesity.

PMID- 1092530
TI  - [In memoriam: Professor Jozef Jarzab--his life and activities].

PMID- 1092531
TI  - Response of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease to the regular
      administration of nebulized isoproterenol. A double-blind crossover study.
AB  - The effect of the regular use of neublized isoproterenol in 14 patients with
      symptomatic chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) was evaluated in a double
      blind crossover 16-week study. FEV1, FVC and SGaw were measured before and 45
      minutes after bronchodilator therapy every two weeks, while arterial blood gases
      were measured every eight weeks, before and 45 minutes after bronchodilator
      therapy. When the patients were considered as a group, there was no significant
      difference in mean symptom scores or objective pulmonary functions during the
      drug and placebo periods. Four patients had significantly higher (p less than
      .05) and two patients significantly lower mean values for at least one of the
      pulmonary function tests during the isoproterenol period. The patient who is most
      likely to benefit from isoproterenol on a regular basis appears to have the
      following characteristics; (1) consistent improvement in pulmonary function tests
      45 minutes after use of nebulized bronchodilator; (2) moderate rather than severe
      COLD; and (3) a relatively normal DLCO.

PMID- 1092532
TI  - Postoperative bronchopleural fistula: clinical and experimental study.
AB  - It is a well-known fact that in pulmonary tuberculosis patients treated by
      resection, the quality of the suture material used for closing the bronchial
      stump plays an important role in the pathogenesis of postoperative bronchopleural
      fistula. Of 426 cases treated surgically and in whom silk suture thread was used,
      23 developed bronchopleural fistula, whereas none of the 220 cases sutured with
      nylon monofilament developed abnormality. Statistical analysis of 100 surgical
      cases with silk thread suture and of 100 cases with nylon monofilament suture
      showed that the two groups had no marked differences as to background factors.
      Howevers, as compared with the silk-thread suture group, the nylon-monofilament
      suture group revealed more consistently favorable postoperative bronchoscopic
      findings. Experimental studies with dogs showed a similar lack of complications
      when the monofilament suture material was used, as contrasted were conducted in
      hospital by the same surgical personnel using the same procedures, it can be said
      that, to insure prevention of complications, the suture material for bronchial
      stump closure should be of non-irritating nature and preferably of monofilament
      strength and quality, such as nylon monofilament.

PMID- 1092533
TI  - Treatment of cholerheic diarrhea with cholestyramine and a hydrophilic colloid.
AB  - Eight patients with ileal-resection diarrhea who were being treated with
      cholestyramine took part in a trial comparing the effectiveness of cholestyramine
      with that of a hydrophilic colloid. Both drugs reduced overall stool frequency
      and improved consistency, but a larger dose of colloid was required. One patient
      planned to use the hydrophilic colloid instead of cholestyramine.

PMID- 1092534
TI  - Low end-to-side rectoenteric anastomosis with single-layer wire.
AB  - A study of 41 cases where a single layer of 5-0 monofilament stainless steel wire
      is used for low end-to-side rectosigmoid or ileorectal anastomosis has shown
      satisfactory results. The procedure should be considered particularly where there
      is gross disparity between the sizes of the approximated cut ends.

PMID- 1092535
TI  - Simplified anterior resection: Use of the ta stapler.
AB  - Forty consecutive anterior resections using TA stapler were studied. No
      mortality, no clinical leak, and no infection were encountered in this group. The
      stapler is recommended as an aid in simplifying the operation and lessening the
      operative time.

PMID- 1092536
TI  - Viloxazine- a new antidepressive drug.

PMID- 1092537
TI  - [Homonymous hemianopsia and oral ovulation inhibitors. A neuro-ophthalmologic
      consideration].

PMID- 1092538
TI  - [Incompatibility reactions following foreign serum therapy and their prevention].

PMID- 1092539
TI  - [Re-entry mechanism of ventricular tachycardias in inhomogenic repolarization.
      With special reference to Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome and similar states and
      their therapy].

PMID- 1092542
TI  - Alterations during the estrous cycle in the responsiveness of the pituitary to
      subcutaneous administration of synthetic LH-releasing hormone (LHRH).
AB  - To  further evaluate the alterations in responsiveness of the pituitary to
      synthetic LHRH during the proestrous discharge of gonadotropins, LHRH was given
      SC in the hope of producing a release of FSH as well as LH, and blood samples
      were removed prior to and at various intervals after the injections of the
      neurohormone while the rats were anesthetized with tribromoethanol. The procedure
      of anesthesia and blood sampling produced small declines in both FSH and LH, but
      these only achieved significance in the case of FSH on the morning of estrus and
      diestrus day 2. An increase in plasma LH occurred in response to LHRH at all
      stages of the estrous cycle but was minimal during diestrus. The increment in
      plasma LH was already increased by 9 AM on proestrus and the titer remained
      elevated for 2 h. A further increase in response to LHRH occured at 2 PM
      associated with an increase in initial plasma LH. The maximum response occurred
      at 5 PM together with maximal initial plasma LH, and the characteristics of the
      response changed such that there was a much larger increase in plasma LH at 20
      min and a rapid decline thereafter, so that the response became pulselike.
      Initial plasma LH had already declined significantly by 9 PM, and this was
      associated with a dimished pulselike release of LH in response to LHRH. By the
      morning of estrus, an even smaller pulse-like release occurred. Significant FSH
      release in response to LHRH occurred at all stages of the cycle as indicated by
      the increments in plasma FSH. The relative increase in plasma titers was much
      less than that for LH and responsiveness to LHRH did not increase until 5 PM on
      proestrus. Responsiveness had already begun to decline by 9 PM on proestrus and
      by the morning of estrus was similar to that obtained on diestrus. Initial plasma
      FSH titers were first elevated by 2 PM on proestrus and they remained elevated on
      the morning of estrus. The results indicate that maximal responsiveness to LHRH
      in terms of LH release is associated with the proestrous discharge of LH, but
      that the maximal responsiveness in terms of FSH release terminates long before
      the endogenous release of hormone ceases sometime on estrus. The increased
      responsiveness in terms of LH release may be related to prior estrogen secretion
      and to the priming action of endogenous LHRH. The continued release of FSH in the
      face of a return of responsiveness to LHRH to low levels indicates that release
      of FSH on late proestrus and early estrus is not caused by endogenous release to
      LHRH.

PMID- 1092543
TI  - Quick release of FSH stimulated by repeated applications of synthetic luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in immature male rats.
AB  - Serum FSH and LH levels were estimated by radioimmunoassay following single
      subcutaneous administration, and repeated subcutaneous administration at various
      intervals in immature male rats. Single injection of LH-RH induced slight
      increase in FSH levels in comparison with considerable increase in LH. By two
      successive injections, the release of FSH was markedly stimulated when the time
      intervals were 15, 30, and 60 minutes,and rapidly elicited to release after the
      second injection. The greatest response was observed by two injections at 60
      minutes interval. Moreover, the elevation of serum FSH level after the third
      injection was particularly remarkable, and the response was much stronger than
      that to the second injection. On the other hand, serum LH levels following the
      repeated injections were quite similar to that of FSH. And both FSH and LHwere
      linearly responded to doses of LH-RH repeatedly administered. These results
      indicated that the repeated quick administrations of LH-RH under appropriate
      intervals caused the acute high release of FSH, which was quite similar to LH
      release, and that these acute release of FSH and LH showed the dose-response
      relationship.

PMID- 1092544
TI  - Immobilized L-asparginase embedded in fibrin polymer.
AB  - Immobilized asparaginase was prepared by embedding asparaginase (which is
      effective for remission in children with leukemia) into fibrin polymer formed by
      fibrinogen-fibrin conversion in the presence of thrombin. The immobilized
      asparaginase film did not dissolve in 6 mol/1 urea, suggesting that blood
      coagulation factor XIII participates in the cross-linking between fibrins and
      between fibrin and asparaginase.

PMID- 1092545
TI  - The involvement of sulphydryl groups in the peptidyl transferase centre of
      eukaryotic ribosomes.
AB  - Treatment of mammalian ribosomes with N-ethylmaleimide enhances up to 100% the
      ribosome efficiency in the "fragment reaction assay" for peptide bond formation
      by increasing the affinity of the substrate C-A-C-C-A-Leu-Ac for the donor site.
      This stimulation in peptidyl transferase activity was not observed when yeast
      ribosomes were treated in a similar manner. Stimulation of the peptidyl
      transferase activity of mammalian ribosomes was also observed by treatment with
      either p-chloromercuribenzoic acid or 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) or
      5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitropyridine) or the maleimide-derived antibiotic showdomycin.
      N-Ethylmaleimide treatment also enhances C-A-C-C-A-Leu binding to the acceptor
      site of the peptidyl transferase centre. However, neither binding of N-Ac-Phe
      tRNA in the presence of ethanol, nor binding of Phe-tRNA to the ribosomes is
      stimulated by N-ethylmaleimide. The antibiotic tenuazionic acid (a selective
      inhibitor of peptide bond formation by mammalian ribosomes) appears to require
      for its inhibitory effect the ribosome sulphydryl residues, since its inhibitory
      action on the fragment reaction is greatly decreased in ribosomes treated with N
      ethylmaleimide.

PMID- 1092546
TI  - Properties of ATP and UTP analogues with P-S-C-5' bonds.
AB  - Analogues of ATP and UTP bearing C-5'-S-P ester bonds were found not to be
      substrates but weak competitive inhibitors of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.
      The K-i values of the analogues obtained in the transcription of poly[d(A-T)] or
      poly(dT) under various conditions are in the order of millimolar. Evidence was
      derived from proton magnetic resonance spectra that nucleotides with C-5'-S-P
      bonds do not exist in gauche-gauche conformation normally adopted by natural
      occurring nucleotides. This leads us to assume that the gauche-gauche
      conformation is an essental prerequisite for substrates of RNA polymerase. Ado-5'
      S-PPP substituted for ATP as substrate of hexokinase from yeast rather
      effectively thus indicating that a distinct stereochemical orientation of the
      alpha-phosphate ester bond is not a stringent requirement for substrates of this
      enzyme.

PMID- 1092547
TI  - Determination of the kinetic constants of glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase by non
      linear optimization.
AB  - 1. The overall kinetic constants of the reversible anomerisation of d
      glucopyranose 6-phosphate from alpha to beta non-enzymatically as well as
      catalysed by glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase are determined by application of a
      novel computerized non-linear optimization technique. 2. The non-enzymic rate
      constants for the anomerisation of d-glucopyranose 6-phosphate from alpha to beta
      and reverse are 0.0658 and 0.0389s-minus 1, respectively. The Michaelis constants
      of the enzymic reaction are (see journal for formulas) with the turnover numbers
      of 1950s-minus 1 and 446s-minus 1 for the conversion of d-glucopyranose 6
      phosphate from alpha to beta and reverse, respectively.

PMID- 1092548
TI  - Left ventricular systolic time intervals during acute myocardial infarction.
AB  - Left ventricular systolic time intervals (LVSTI) were measured several times
      daily during 10 days in 47 patients with acute myocardial infarction without
      major complications. Left ventricular ejection time (LVET) and the interval
      between the beginning of depolarization and the aortic component of the second
      heart sound (Q-A2) decreased progressively during the first 72 hr. Shortening of
      Q--A2 and LVET was most marked in patients with heart failure and persisted till
      the end of the observation period. Q-upstroke (Q-U) prolonged progressively
      during the first 3 days, mainly in patients with heart failure. After 10 days, Q
      U tended to return to normal except in decompensated patients. Definite diurnal
      variation in LVSTI were observed; LVET and Q--A2 were longest in the morning
      hours. Multiple regression analysis of LVSTI with a series of clinical variables
      revealed that R-R interval, age, sex, digitalis administration, day after
      infarction, hour of the day, peak of SGOT, and survival are significantly and
      independently correlated with the changes in LVSTI.

PMID- 1092540
TI  - Platelets, thrombosis and drugs.
AB  - The development of thrombosis involves 4 main factors: the vessel wall, the
      formed elements of the blood, blood coagulation, and blood flow. In venous
      thrombosis, however, the major part in both the initiation and growth of thrombi
      is played by the platelets. In selecting drugs which inhibit platelet function it
      is helful to know which of the platelet reactions that contribute to thrombus
      formation can be inhibited by various agents. Platelets adhere to the damaged
      vessel wall, collagen being probably the most important constituent involved.
      They are then stimulated to release the contents of their storage granules.
      Release-inducing agents promote the discharge of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
      which causes platelets in the vicinity to swell to a more spherical shape, extend
      pseudopods and adhere to each other. Platelet aggregation is reversible, and a
      number of drugs have been shown to be capable of inhibiting platelet function at
      various stages, both in vitro and in vivo. Adrenaline, noradrenaline, oestrogens
      and nicotine enhance aggregation. Drugs which inhibit platelet function include
      the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the pyrimido-pyrimidines (e.g.
      dipyridamole), hydroxychloroquine, clofibrate, and dextran. In this review the
      effects of drugs which inhibit platelet function are outlined and the extent to
      which they can be used to influence the course of thromboembolic disease in man
      is discussed. It is suggested that combination of anti-platelet drugs with
      anticoagulants could prove clinically useful.

PMID- 1092549
TI  - Effects of the intra-arterial injection of bradykinin into the limbs, upon the
      activity of mesencephalic reticular units.
AB  - The changes in firing rate of mesencephalic reticular units after intra-arterial
      injection into the limbs of a potent nociceptive agent, bradykinin, were studied
      in cats (unanesthetized, immobilized with flaxedil and hyperventilated). 30 per
      cent of the d35 studied cells were affected, 56 per cent were excited, 23 per
      cent inhibited and 5 per cent had mixed effects. Among the 75 excited cells, the
      activation of 16 of them seemed to related to the arousa- processes (group A);
      for 56 cells the increase seemed dire-tly dependent on the nociceptive
      stimulation itself (group B). The changes of firing rate were repruducible; their
      latencies and durations were of the same order as the latencies and duration of
      the nociceptive reactions and painful sensation s, which have been obtained in
      animals and men after bradykinin injections. The modifications induced by
      bradykinin administration were suppressed by Ketamin and Thiopental.

PMID- 1092550
TI  - The isolation and characterization of individual phenolsoluble nuclear proteins
      from various reproductive cells during bovine spermatogenesis.

PMID- 1092551
TI  - Interchromosomal connectives in squash preparations of L cells.

PMID- 1092541
TI  - Diuretics: mechanism of action and clinical application.
AB  - Despite the bewildering number of diuretics available to the physician, these
      drugs can be divided into 4 main groups, characterised by their site of action on
      sodium reabsorption in the kidney. Drugs acting on the ascending limb of the loop
      of Henle have a powerful but short acting diuretic effect; they include
      frusemide, ethacrynic acid and bumetanide. The benzothiadiazines and related
      compounds have a moderate diuretic action spread over a longer period, whilst the
      potassium-sparing diuretics, triamterene, amiloride and spironolactone, have only
      a weak diuretic effect but a marked ability to diminish urinary potassium
      excretion. The fourth group is made up of miscellaneous substances which function
      as vasodilator or osmotic agents. The pathogenesis of oedema formation in heart
      failure is outlined and a logical approach to treatment suggested. Duiretics are
      being increasingly used in the treatment of non-oedematous states, in particular
      hypertension, diabetes insipidus and hypercalciuria; their exact role in
      pregnancy and acute renal failure remains controversial. Side-effects can be
      related to their effect on electrolyte excretion and include hypokalaemia,
      hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and hyperuricaemia. The incidence of disturbed
      carbohydrate tolerance in previously normal individuals is low. Other less common
      side-effects are also discussed.

PMID- 1092552
TI  - Hormonal control of aqueous humour production.

PMID- 1092553
TI  - The effect of trypsin on retinal rod outer segments: trypsin digestion as a means
      of isolating viable discs.

PMID- 1092554
TI  - Schistosoma mansoni: immunohistoperoxidase procedure in Defined Antigen Substrate
      Spheres (DASS), system as serologic field test.

PMID- 1092556
TI  - Keloid management and its present status.

PMID- 1092555
TI  - Membrane transport in helminth parasites: a review.

PMID- 1092557
TI  - The pill revisited.

PMID- 1092559
TI  - Letter: Potential biohazards of recombinant DNA molecules.

PMID- 1092558
TI  - Fetal research and antiabortion politics: holding science hostage.

PMID- 1092560
TI  - Ethical and social aspects of experimental gene manipulation.
AB  - New genetic techniques for the isolation and rejoining of segments of DNA now
      permit construction of biologically active recombinant DNA molecules. Such
      recombinant DNA molecules can be multiplied many times by inserting them into the
      bacterium Escherichia coli. Thus, we now possess a powerful technology for
      cloning segments of DNA from any source and for adding new genetic capabilities
      to bacteria. Application of this technology promises to facilitate the solution
      of a variety of theoretical and practical biological questions. However, use of
      this technology will also result in the creation of novel organisms whose
      biological properties may not be completely predictable in advance. Some of these
      organisms may be hazardous to man or to the environment. This paper discusses
      some ethical and social control of the new genetic technologies.

PMID- 1092561
TI  - Incidence of pregnancy, changes in menstrual pattern, and recovery of endometrial
      function after discontinuation of medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy.
AB  - The incidence of pregnancy, recovery of endometrial function, and changes in
      menstrual pattern were studied in 62 women who had received two or more
      intramuscular injections (150 mg) of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera)
      every three months and oral diethylstilbestrol (1 mg) daily for seven days every
      month. Immediately after discontinuing this therapy, 71% of the patients had
      regular menstrual cycles, 10% had irregular cycles, and 19% had amenorrhea. All
      the patients had regular cycles by the end of one year except one women who was
      probably menopausal. The average time required to conceive after stopping therapy
      was 9.3 months, range, 3 to 21 months). Conception was definitely delayed as
      shown by endometrial biopsies and the incidence of pregnancy. Within six months,
      25% of the patients conceived and within one year, 69% conceived. By two years,
      four had not conceived. The percentage of pregnancies seemed to decrease with
      increased patient age.

PMID- 1092562
TI  - Preliminary human trial of a new male sterilization procedure: vas sclerosing.
AB  - A new procedure developed in animals has been applied to produce male human
      sterilization. This involves the percutaneous injection of an ethanol and
      formaldehyde solution into the vasa deferentia. An initial clinical trial of
      eight human volunteers indicates that this is an effective method of producing
      male sterilization.

PMID- 1092563
TI  - [The use of metal pins based on new concepts].

PMID- 1092564
TI  - [Orthodontic and prosthodontic treatment of anterior cross-bite].

PMID- 1092565
TI  - [The role of the antral portion of the stomach in controlling its secretory
      activity].

PMID- 1092566
TI  - Near Eastern cylinder seals studied with dental radiography.

PMID- 1092567
TI  - Histories of present dental schools in the United States. University of Minnesota
      School of Dentistry.

PMID- 1092568
TI  - Help patients remember: put it in writing.

PMID- 1092569
TI  - Writing a scientific paper.

PMID- 1092570
TI  - Investigations of the self-potentiating effect of luteinizing-hormone-releasing
      hormone on rat pituitaries in vitro.

PMID- 1092571
TI  - Changes in guinea-pig dermal collagen during development.

PMID- 1092572
TI  - The bacterial degradation of nitrosamines.

PMID- 1092573
TI  - Inactivation and mutation induction in bacteria by microsomal metabolites.

PMID- 1092574
TI  - Influence of repeated local stimulation on the splenic response to mucosal and
      parenteral immunization.
AB  - It has been suggested that a regional immune response may be induced by local
      administration of small doses of antigen, whereas larger doses are capable of
      inducing not only a local but also a systemic immune response. Except with
      fluorescence, the study at the cellular level and in the mucosa of specific
      antibody-producing cells appears difficult. The circulation in the body of
      lymphocytes from the lamina propria of the gut allows the detection of antibody
      producing cells in extra-intestinal lymphoid tissues. The administration of 4
      times 10-9 sheep red blood cells (SRBC) by gastric intubation to BALB/c mice
      (repeated daily for 4 days) was found to cause the appearance in the spleen of
      plaque-forming cells which predominantly belonged to the IgA class and whose
      numbers reached a maximum at about day 8 or 9 after the onset of the
      immunization. This observation is relevant to splenic colonies from cells that
      had received their antigenic stimulation in the gut wall and thence had seeded
      out in the body. Booster administration of SRBC performed 3 months after the
      first antigenic contact induced in the spleen an immunological response similar
      to that observed in newly primed mice and in no way suggestive of immunologic
      memory. A secondary response is completely absent when the second intragastric
      immunization is initiated 10 days after the end of the first. The parenteral
      administration of 2 times 10-8 SRBC to mice primed by the oral route 15 days
      earlier is followed by a marked hyporeactivity of the spleen. In any case, the
      IgA system appears endowed with only a minimum, if any, immunological memory to
      non-living antigen. In some conditions local immunological stimulation may even
      cause tolerance.

PMID- 1092575
TI  - Assessment of the efficacy of influenza vaccines against natural challenge.
AB  - Assessment of influenza vaccines by serological conversion rates or by protection
      against artificial challenge in animals or man give only a preliminary and
      indirect guide to their expected efficiency in controlling the natural epidemic
      disease. Field trials are essential but demand careful advance planning and
      control before meaningful results can be obtained. This paper reviews critically
      the various attempts that have been made to establish an ideal trial procedure to
      overcome the many inherent difficulties in studying 'wild' influenza. Vaccines of
      appropriate antigenic content can prevent influenza in 75 percent or more of
      recipients for up to a year, and can decrease the severity and duration of the
      disease in those who do succumb. Attack rates can be reduced even in epidemics
      occurring within 8-14 days of vaccination. If a high proportion of a population
      is vaccinated, infection rates in the unvaccinated in the same environment may
      fall. The desirability of vaccinating (a) only high risk groups or (b) entire
      open population or (c) school children is discussed.

PMID- 1092576
TI  - An attenuated influenza virus vaccine: reactogenicity, transmissibility,
      immunogenicity and protective efficacy.
AB  - A more effective influenza virus vaccine must be capable of inducing a greater
      degree of protection against the disease while causing fewer unwanted side
      effects. If the vaccine is an attenuated one, it should not be transmissible
      unless it can incontrovertably be shown to be genetically stable and not mutate
      to a more virulent form. One approach for producing an attenuated strain has been
      to select for horse serum inhibitor resistance. Such a strain (ANN strain,
      Recherche et Industrie Therapeutique) was tested for the above characteristics.
      The vaccine (containing 10-7 50 percent egg infectious doses) and placebo was
      administered in a double-blind fashion to 37 volunteers in 2 doses 2-3 weeks
      apart. Volunteers were housed so that a vaccinee and control shared a room for 4
      days following immunization. The only side effects noted were mild rhinorrhea and
      sore throat in 3 vaccinees. There was no evidence of vaccine virus having been
      transmitted from a vaccinee to a control individual.A 4-fold or greater rise in
      serum antibody was noted in 13/19 vaccinees following either the 1st or 2nd dose.
      Only 1/18 controls showed such a rise. A similar nasal antibody rise was noted in
      15/19 and 1/18 of the vaccine and placebo groups respectively. Following virulent
      challenge 7 of 18 in the control group, and 1 of 19 vaccinees, became ill.

PMID- 1092577
TI  - The coronaviruses.
AB  - Coronaviruses of human origin have emerged as probable important etiologic agents
      of acute upper respiratory tract illnesses in adults; their role in the etiology
      of respiratory illnesses of childhood is less certain. The first coronavirus of
      human origin, B814, was described in 1965 and since that time only 31 additional
      strains have been recovered. Ten of these were originally recovered in human
      embryonic tracheal organ culturesonly, and the remainder in monolayer cell
      cultures. All of the latter group were antigenically related to a prototype
      strain designated 229e. As a result of the fastidious growth requirements of
      these agents, most of the knowledge concerning the clinical syndromes associated
      with them has come from chajlenge studies in volunteers and seroepidemiologic
      investigations. Coronaviruses have been shown to be associated with a substantial
      number of adult respiratory illnesses especially during certain periods when
      rhinovirus infections are infrequent. Progress in propagating coronaviruses and
      in detecting coronavirus infections has been achieved recently: viruses similar
      to 229E were successfully recovered in human embryonic intestine cell cultures
      from patients with upper respiratory tract illnesses; 30C strains (B814, LP and
      EVS) were recovered in L132 cell cultures from infectious nasal washings;
      OC43(and OC38) viruses which were originally recovered in OC and later adapted to
      grow in suckling mice were not only shown to directly hemagglutinate various
      erythrocytes but were also adapted to grow in MK cell cultures; OC43 virus was
      also found to induce hemadsorption of rat and mouse erythrocytes in certain cell
      cultures; and a coronavirus strain was detected by immune electron microscopy.
      Coronaviruses are also associated with certain diseases in animals.

PMID- 1092578
TI  - Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia-protection following natural infection and
      vaccination.
AB  - Cattle that recover from contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, the disease caused by
      Mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides, are usually immune to reinfection. Prohylactic
      inoculation against the disease has been practiced for over a century and
      utilizes the fact that even virulent strains of M. mycoides inoculated
      subcutaneously into fully susceptible cattle only very rarely produce pneumonia,
      but instead produce subcutaneous lesions which may or may not kill the animals
      depending on various factors including the site of the inoculation and virulence
      of the strains. Animals that survive are immune to further local infections or to
      the natural disease. The most successful vaccines at present consist of live
      attenuated strains of M. mycoides which produce a slight local reaction at the
      site of inoculation. It appears that vaccines made from inactivated organisms are
      poorly immunogenic and may even sensitize the animals thereby causing them to
      react more severely to subsequent challenge.

PMID- 1092579
TI  - The importance of mycoplasmas in respiratory infections.
AB  - In contrast to the uncertain role of mycoplasmas in genital disease, there is no
      doubt that they produce respiratory disease. The first mycoplasma isolated, M.
      mycoidesis is the aetiological agent of bovine pleuropneumonia, a disease now
      confined to parts of Africa and Australia. M. capri causes a similar disease in
      goats which is geographically more widespread. Enzootic pneumonia of pigs, seen
      in various parts of the world, is due primarily to M. suipneumoniae. Although
      some strains of M. hyorhinis also seem capable of causing disease. Not all
      strains of a mycoplasma species are equally pathogenic; only some strains of M.
      pulmonis produce severe respiratory disease in mice and rats. Further,
      concomitant infection with other agents may result in more severe disease; this
      is particularly seen in M. gallisepticum infections of poultry. Of those
      mycoplasmas which infect man, only M. pneumoniae is known to cause respiratory
      disease, mainly involving the younger age groups. Mycoplasmas spread by close
      contact so that disease is seen in family groups or where there is crowding or
      herding. Factors in resistance to respiratory disease caused by mycoplasmas have
      been poorly understood but the importance of local immunity is becoming more
      clear.

PMID- 1092580
TI  - Multiple metabolic functions of glucose in rat pancreatic islets.
AB  - Metabolic interactions between glucose and amino acids were studied with isolated
      rat islets using glucose utilization and lactate formation as indicators. Certain
      amino acids (8-10 mM) are capable of greatly stimulating lactate formation from
      5mM glucose. On a molar basis L-isoleucine is the most potent stimulator in a
      group of twenty-six amino acids. Aphysiological amino acid mixture (7.5-14 mM) or
      L-isoleucine (8 mM) profoundly altered the basic sigmoidal relation between
      glucose concentration in the medium and the rate of glucose utilization and
      lactate formation: with basal glucose (5 mM) both glucose utilization and lactate
      production were stimulated by the amino ACID MIXTURE and by L-isoleucine; at high
      glucose levels utilization was decreased by the amino acid mixture, but was
      unaffected by L-isoleucine, whereas lactate formation was decreased by both
      additions. The data indicate that amino acids may play a significant role in
      regulating the extent to which glucose serves as a fuel of pancreatic islet cells
      and in determining the pathways of glucose metabolism. In order to elucidate the
      mechanisms of the amino acid effect, studies with phloridzin, ouabain,
      iodoacetate, cytochalasin B, and Na+-deficiency were performed with the most
      effective amino acid, L-isoleucine. Each of these agents and Na+-deficiency
      substantially reduced or completely blocked the extra lactate formation induced
      by L-isoleucine (8-10 mM). The intracellular uptake of 14-CL-isoleucine by
      isolated islets was found to be Na+-independent, and uphill transport of this
      amino acid was not detectable, whether basal glucose was present in the medium or
      not. The action of iodoacetate in blocking glycolysis was reinvestigated. After
      forty-five minutes of exposure, 0.2mM iodoacetate completely blocks lactate
      formation as well as glucose utilization. Thisconfirms and extends earlier data
      for this laboratory and suggests that this SH-reagent indeed allows dissociation
      of the fuel and releasing functions of glucose.

PMID- 1092581
TI  - Electrical and secretory manifestations of glucose and amino acid interactions in
      rat pancreatic islets.
AB  - Interactions between glucose and amino acids in rat pancreatic islets were
      studied by recording the intracellular membrane potential and spike discharges
      from the isolated perfused pancreas.  It was found that L-isoleucine requires the
      presence of basal glucose (5 mM) in order to increase spike discharge from islet
      cells and depolarize the cell membrane.  Similarly basal glucose is needed for
      insulin release by L-isoleucine.  A physilolgical mixture of twenty amino acids
      also required the presence of basal glucose in order to increase spike activity
      and insulin release.  In contrast to L-isoleucine the amino acid mixture did not
      depolarize the beta-cells.  Iodoacetate, at concentrations previously shown to
      block glycolysis completely, did not interfere with any of these permissive
      actions of glucose, nor did iodoacetate alter the well known electrical
      manifestations of high levels of glucose itself (i.e. depolarization and
      increased spike discharge).  These data show that glucose plays a pre-eminent
      role as regulator of islet cell function, governing the efficacy of amino acids
      as beta-cells stimulants.  The results are most easily interpreted if one assumes
      that glycolysis is not required for glucose to exert its action.

PMID- 1092582
TI  - Pregnancy in a juvenile diabetic after renal transplantation (class T diabetes
      mellitus).
AB  - The successful outcome of a pregnancy in a juvenile diabetic after renal
      transplantation is reported.  It is proposed that class T be added to the
      classification of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus.  Pregnancy
      prevention should be considered until significant longevity can be demonstrated
      in diabetics receiving renal transplants.

PMID- 1092583
TI  - Studies of alloxan toxicity on the beta cell.
AB  - The ability of sugars to protect the beta cell  from alloxan diabetes is highly
      stereospecific.  The alpha anomer, which is present in equilibrium in both
      glucose and 3-O-methyl glucose (3-OMG) at approximately 34 per cent, provides
      greater protection than the beta anomer.  The greater protection of the alpha
      anomer of glucose is present fifteen seconds between its administration and
      alloxan, but there is no difference in protection following a thirty-second
      interval.  The nonmetabolized analogue, 3-OMG, provides even greater protection
      than glucose, and this higher affinity is expressed both by the lower dose
      necessary to provide protection, as well as by the higher dose of mannoheptulose
      needed to remove thr protection.  Mannoheptulose not only removes the protection
      provided by exogenous glucose but sensitizes the beta cell to the toxic effects
      of alloxan in the fasting state, probably by inhibiting the protection provided
      by endogenous glucose.  Mannoheptulose is able to remove glucose protection
      before, with, or after the administration of glucose prior to alloxan injection. 
      Finally, the protective effect of both glucose and 3-OMG is time-related, and the
      protection not only is due to absolute concentration but also appears to be
      affected by a changing concentration.

PMID- 1092584
TI  - Evolving role of glucagon in human diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1092585
TI  - Comparative effects of metoclopramide and bethanechol on lower esophageal
      sphincter pressure in reflux patients.
AB  - The effects of oral metoclopramide, 10 and 20 mg, bethanechol, 25 mg, and placebo
      on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) were studied in 15 men with
      symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and basal LESP less than 11 mm Hg. Each drug
      produced a significant increase in LESP when compared to placebo. Metoclopramide,
      20 mg, produced a greater increase than either metoclopramide, 10 mg, or
      bethanechol, 25 mg. Serum gastrin concentrations were not altered by any of the
      drugs. Side effects were unremarkable. The LESP increasing effect of
      metoclopramide might be useful in treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux.

PMID- 1092586
TI  - Fluorescence histochemistry of the gastrin cell infetal and adult man.
AB  - Immunoreactive gastrin cells were demonstrated in the human antral and duodenal
      mucosa. No gastrin immunoreactivity was seen in pancreatic islets. Formaldehyde-
      or Bouin-fixed material was used throughout for immunohistochemistry. Antral and
      duodenal gastrin cells, as well as pancreatic A2-cells, displayed strong
      formaldehyde- ozone- and formaldehyde-HCl-induced fluorescence, whereas the
      pancreatic A1-cells (claimed to store gastrin) were nonfluorescent. In the fetus,
      gastrin cells appeared first in the duodenal mucosa (earliest stage examined, 11
      weeks) and much later in the antrum. The fluorescence histochemical properties of
      the fetal gastrin cells were not different from the adult.

PMID- 1092587
TI  - Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag) subtypes and indices of clinical disease.
AB  - Serial serum samples of prospectively studied patients exposed to plasma
      containing both adw and ayw subtypes of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag) were
      studied for the relationship of HBS Ag subtype to several indices of clinical
      type B hepatitis. Seventy-four patients circulated HBS Ag that could be subtyped;
      50 subtype adw, 22 ayw, and 2 adyw. Although the average incubation period among
      adw cases was shorter than among ayw cases (P less than 0.05), no additional
      significant differences were detected between these two groups of patients when
      analyzed for severity and chronicity of disease. The chronic HBS Ag carrier state
      developed in 16% (8 of 50) adw cases and in 9% (2 of 22) ayw cases, but this
      difference was not statistically significant. Judging from these data, it was
      concluded that the severity and outcome of type B hepatitis are probably
      independent of HBS Ag subtypes d and y.

PMID- 1092589
TI  - Colonoscopy. A review.
AB  - The technique of colonoscopy has introduced an exciting new modality for the
      diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the colon. It is not a panacrea, for, as
      with any technique, limitations are always present; but it offers the single most
      far reaching advance for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the colon
      that has been offered in the last decade. The next 10 years should indeed prove
      exciting.

PMID- 1092588
TI  - Are anticholinergics of use in the irritable colon syndrome?

PMID- 1092590
TI  - Happy silver anniversary, AASLD.

PMID- 1092591
TI  - In memoriam. Dr. Abraham H. Aaron. Guide-philosopher-friend 1890-1975.

PMID- 1092592
TI  - Action of morphine sulfphate on stimulated gastric secretion in dogs.
AB  - In dogs morphine sulphate suppresses both 2-deoxy-D-glucose and pentagastrin
      stimulated acid and pepsin secretion, but not histimaine- and pilocarpine
      stimulated acid. This is consistent with the view that morphine both depresses
      acetylcholine release from cholinergic endings in the stomach and that
      pentagastrin acts by liberation of acetylcholine from these endings.

PMID- 1092593
TI  - [Single dose treatment of trichomoniasis].
AB  - The present regiman for the treatment of trichomoniasis with Tinidazol is 150 mg.
      twice daily for 7 days with a total dose of 2,100 mg. The success rate of this
      regimen is 85-90%. With a single dosage treatment of 2,000 mg. (Four 500 mg.
      tablets for the patient and her sexual partner) the success rate improved to
      100%. Toxic side effects were not observed. The treatment was well tolerated and
      well accepted.

PMID- 1092594
TI  - [Present situation of prenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects].
AB  - Anencephaly and spina bifida both are malformations of unknown etiology which are
      caused by an absent or incomplete closure of the neural tube. The risk of
      recurrence for the malformations is 5% in families with one child with a neural
      tube defect and 10%, if two such children have already been born. Neural tube
      defects can be diagnosed already before 20th week of gestation by ultrasonics and
      alpha-fetoprotein measurement in amniotic fluid, if an underdeveloped
      neurocranium or a free communication between amniotic and cerebrospinal fluid is
      present. By these diagnostic techniques and possibly following interruption the
      probability in risk families can be significantly lowered.

PMID- 1092595
TI  - Warren Spencer (1898-1969).

PMID- 1092596
TI  - Reciprocal translocations and translocation disomics of aspergillus and their use
      for genetic mapping.
AB  - Two new techniques are described for genetic mapping of reciprocal translocations
      in A. nidulans, which can be used to locate centromeres and meiotically unlinked
      markers. They both make use of unbalanced disomics from heterozygous
      translocation crosses. These are mainly hyperhaploids of two classes: either
      typical-looking n + 1 with a normal chromosome in addition to a haploid set
      containing the translocation, or translocation disomics. When large chromosome
      segments are involved, such disomics, as well as stable aneuploids and
      duplication types, show characteristic phenotypes and can be classified visually.
      The first method maps translocation breaks qualitatively, since translocated
      markers can be identified when translocation disomics are analyzed for
      heterozygous markers. The second method measures meiotic linkage of any marker to
      the translocation breaks when allele ratios in the balanced haploid sectors of
      either or both classes of disomics are determined: linked markers show reciprocal
      deviations from 1:1--In addition, it can be shown that frequencies of
      nondisjunction and recovery of specific translocation disomics both depend on the
      relative position of the break within a chromosome arm. Such information can
      provide a rough estimate of the positions of breaks for a new translocation.-
      Using these techniques, as well as mitotic mapping in homo- and heterozygous
      translocation diploids, four reciprocal translocations were mapped. from these
      results, information on the sequence and orientation of most of the "meiotic
      fragments" of the current maps (groups III, VI, VII and VIII) was obtained, and
      the position of the centromeres of groups VI and VII were identified.
      Translocation disomics are also used to map meiotically unlinked single genes,
      e.g. oliA of group VII, to specify chromosome segments.

PMID- 1092598
TI  - Vast expansion of Medicare proposed as a first step to national health insurance.

PMID- 1092597
TI  - Mitotic chromosome loss in a disomic haploid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Experiments designed to characterize the incidence of mitotic chromosome loss in
      a yeast disomic haploid were performed; The selective methods employed utulize
      the non-mating property of strains disomic for linkage group III and heterozygous
      at the mating type locus. The principal findings are: (1) The grequency of
      spontaneous chromosome loss in the disome is of the order 10- minus 4 per cell;
      this value approximates the frequency in the same population of spontaneous
      mitotic exchange resulting in homozygosity at the mating type locus. (2) The
      recovered diploids are pure clones, and thus represent unique events in the
      disomic haploid. (3) Of the euploid chromosomes recovered after events leading to
      chromosome loss, approximately 90% retain the parental marker configuration
      expected from segregation alone; however, the remainder are recombinant for
      marker genes, and are the result of mitotic exchanges in the disome, especially
      in regions near the centromere. The recombinant proportion significantly exceeds
      that expected if chromosome loss and mitotic exchange in the disome were
      independent events. The data are consistent with a model proposing mitotic
      nondisjunction as the event responsible for chromosome loss in the disomic
      haploid.

PMID- 1092599
TI  - Planned legislation would encourage continuing education throughout life.

PMID- 1092600
TI  - Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy: paradoxes problems and progress. Formulated by
      the Committee on Research.

PMID- 1092601
TI  - The distribution of mucosal antibodies in the bowel of patients with Crohn's
      disease.
AB  - Specimens of intestine from 24 patients with histologically proven Crohn's
      disease have been studies by an immunofluorescent technique for the distribution
      of immunoglobulins A, G, M, E, and D. A marked reduction of IgA in lymphoid and
      epithelial cells was noted in those areas of the bowel which, although
      histologically affected, were not ulcerated; in the histologically unaffected
      areas of the bowel the distribution of IgA was similar to that found in control
      sections of normal bowel. There was an increase in IG7 in the affected areas but
      the numbers of lymphoid cells staining for IgD did not differ from those found in
      normal controls; in 12 cases of Crohn's disease, however, IgG appeared to be
      present in bound form on the surface of, and in, the epithelial cells. It is
      postulated that the local deficiency in IgA in the affected areas may be
      secondary to a local cell-mediated immune reaction, to a focal metaplasia of the
      surface epithelium, or to patchy bindings of anticolon antibodies to the surface
      epithelium. The effect of this local deficiency of IgA will be to allow for an
      increased focal entry of antigenic material into the bowel wall, and it is
      suggested that many of the pathological features of Crohn's disease are
      explicable on the basis of deep penetration of a variety of antigens.

PMID- 1092602
TI  - Influence of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic function on intestinal brush
      border enaymatic activities.
AB  - Digestive enzymatic activities (disaccharidases, alkaline phosphatase, peptide
      hydrolases) have been determined in the mucosa of 14 patients with chronic
      pancreatitis. All had an abnormal secretin-pancreozymin test. Four patients had
      insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, four a pathological glucose tolerance test.
      Nine patients had steatorrhoea. Maltase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase
      activity was significantly elevated in patients with exocrine pancreatic
      insufficiency, whereas those of lactase, trehalase, and peptide hydrolase were
      normal. Patients with steatorrhoea had higher maltase and sucrase activity than
      those without steatorrhoea, whereas decreased glucose tolerance had no effect on
      brush border enzymatic activity. It is suggested thatdecreased exocrine rather
      than decreased endocrine pancreatic function is responsible for the increase in
      intestinal disaccharidase and alkaline phosphatase activity, possible by the
      influence of pacreatic enzymes on the turnover of brush border enzymes from the
      luminal side of the mucosal membranes or by direct hormonal stimulation though
      cholecystokinin.

PMID- 1092603
TI  - [Controlled clinical trial with Benetazone (Spofa) during spa treatment].

PMID- 1092604
TI  - Reimbursement problems of Catholic hospitals.

PMID- 1092605
TI  - Dental materials science of silver amalgam.

PMID- 1092606
TI  - Comparison of methods for the detection of Mycoplasmal contamination of cell
      cultures: a review.
AB  - Several reviews in recent years have emphasized the problems created by
      mycoplasmal contamination of cultured cells (1-5). Because of the hazards of
      interpreting data derived from mycoplasma contaminated cells, most cell
      biologists routinely screen their cultures for the presence of these organisms.
      In recent years, the limitations of standard microbiological testing for
      mycoplasmas have become increasingly apparent and have led to the development of
      several new biochemical techniques for detection of these organisms. The aim of
      this review is to describe and compare available detection techniques and to
      evaluate their relative efficacy. Those properties of mycoplasmas that are
      relevant to their role as cell culture contaminants will be briefly discussed.

PMID- 1092607
TI  - Hydrolysis of oligopeptides by sera used in cell and tissue culture.
AB  - Sera commonly used in cell and tissue culture as medium supplements possess high
      peptidase activity. Pligopeptides incubated with 1% serum are rapidly hydrolyzed
      to intermediate length peptides and the constituent amino acids. Hydrolysis of
      lysine peptides is difficult to verify by a quantitative ninhydrin procedure
      because of reaction of the lysine epsi-lon-amino group and serum components with
      ninhydrin. Attempts to evaluate oligopeptides as sole sources of indispensable
      amino acids for cultured mammalian cells are of doubtful value when serum is used
      as a medium supplement.

PMID- 1092608
TI  - Release of 14C label and complement killing of Escherichia coli.
AB  - When Escherichia coli labelled with 14C were killed by complement, characteristic
      14C compounds were released even when complete cell disintegration was prevented
      or delayed by removal of lysozyme. Treatment with heated serum only resulted in
      the loss of small molecular weight compounds. Separation of the products was made
      easier if whole serum was replaced by a salt-precipitated fraction which
      contained no albumin or lysozyme but retained antibody and complement.
      Fractionation of the bacterial products on Sephadex G-200 showed two radioactive
      peaks containing lipids and proteins of which a preliminary examination was made.
      The release of these compounds was related to complement action, since they were
      not found when bacteria were killed by streptomycin or ultra-violet light in the
      absence of complement. Nor were they found when resistant bacteria were treated
      with complement and survived. The possible modes of action of complement on
      bacterial cell walls are discussed.

PMID- 1092609
TI  - Effect of Corynebacterium parvum on the class and subclass of antibody produced
      in the response of different strains of mice to sheep erythrocytes.
AB  - Several strains of mice were injected with sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) using C.
      parvum as adjuvant. The adjuvant effects on the amounts of class and subclass of
      antibody produced were ranked in the order IgG2b greater than IgG2a and IgM
      greater than IgG1. In addition, these effects were shown to vary depending on the
      time of administration of C. parvum relative to antigen. C parvum was shown to
      have no adjuvant effect on the response of congenitally athymic mice when given
      at the same time as the antigen, SRBC. On the basis of the reported observations
      it is suggested that certain of the adjuvant effects of C. parvum require T-cell
      function.

PMID- 1092610
TI  - Naturally occurring double-stranded RNA and immune responses. Effects on plaque
      forming cells and antibody formation.
AB  - A highly purified preparation of double-stranded RNA, obtained from virus-like
      particles in Penicillium cultures, was found to affert humoral immune responses
      in mice differentially depending on its time of administration in realtion to
      antigen. Double-stranded RNA administered with antigen, or a few hours after
      antigen, produced a variable degree of enhancement of plaque-forming cell numbers
      or agglutinating antibody levels depending on the antigen involved.
      Administration of double-stranded RNA 24 hours before antigen invariably produced
      a suppressed response. In mice which were either specifically hyporesponsive
      (tolerant) or non-specifically hyporesponsive (due to age or immunosuppressive
      drugs) double-stranded RNA administered with antigen resulted in a nearly normal
      immune response.

PMID- 1092611
TI  - T cell-dependent helper and suppressive influences in an adoptive IgG antibody
      response.
AB  - When immune spleen cells of mice immunized to a hapten carrier preparation 4 days
      previously were transferred to normal syngeneic hosts, they began to produce 7S
      antibody (presumably of the IgG class), provided that relatively small numbers of
      cells (about 1/10 spleen equivalent) were transferred. Increasing the number of
      transferred cells resulted in less IgG antibody formed. Depletion of the immune
      spleen cells of T cells by treatment with anti-theta serum and complement
      prevented IgG antibody formation. IgG antibody production by untreated and anti
      therta serum-treated immune spleen cells could be enhanced (reinduced) by
      addition of small numbers of cells enriched for carrier-activated T cells. These
      suggest that T cells are necessary to stimulate antigen-activated B cells into
      IgG antibody production. Larger numbers of 'carrier-activated T cells' depressed
      IgG antibody production. Both enhancement and depression could be demonstrated to
      be antigen-specific. IgG antibody production high numbers of transferred immune
      spleen cells could be induced by treating the cells prior to transfer with
      suboptimal amounts of anti-theta serum and complement. It is argued that this
      results from the elimination of a T cell-dependent suppressor influence arising
      during a normal immune response.

PMID- 1092612
TI  - T cell-dependent mediator in the immune response. III. The role of non-specific
      factor (NSF) in the in vitro immune response.
AB  - Evidence is presented which suggests that T cell-dependent nonspecific factor
      (NSF) cannot be the sole mediator of 'co-operation' for all types of thymus
      dependent antibody response. NSF can replace the requirement for T cells in
      responses to hapten conjugated to particulate carriers, but cannot do so in
      responses to hapten conjugates of soluble thymus-dependent carriers.

PMID- 1092613
TI  - The inter-relationship of antigenic structure, thymus-independence and
      adjuvanticity. IV. A general model for B-cell induction.
AB  - Polymerized flagellin and E. coli lipopolysaccharide both express adjuvanticity
      in vivo and in vitro for responses to hapten conjugated to sheep erythrocytes,
      and hapten conjugated to soluble thymus-dependent antigens. In the case of
      erythrocyte-bound hapten, adjuvanticity is expressed in the absence of thymus
      derived cells (T cells). However, in the case of responses to soluble thymus
      dependent conjugates, carrier-specific T cells would appear to be necessary for
      adjuvanticity to be expressed. On the basis of these observations an hypothesis
      for the mechanism of B-cell induction and tolerance is proposed.

PMID- 1092614
TI  - C3 receptors on direct plaque-forming cells.
AB  - Using a rosette technique it is shown that only a small proportion of direct
      plaque-forming cells posses detectable C3 receptors 5 and 7 days after antigenic
      stimulation. The significance of this result is discussed.

PMID- 1092615
TI  - A series of tibial fractures treated conservatively.
AB  - Two hundred and two fractures of the tibia have been reviewed. They were treated
      by a standard, conservative method; with a Phemister graft when union was delayed
      and a pseudarthrosis threatened. The classifications of Charnley (1968) and
      Nicoll (1964) have proved to be useful in assessing results and these complement
      each other. The factors that influence bony union include damage to the
      interosseous membrane, the degree of the displacement and comminution of the
      fracture, and injury to soft tissues. Infection has a very unfavourable influence
      on bone union and leads to the majority of bad sequelae. The fundamental object
      in reduction is to obtain as perfect apposition and alignment of the fragments as
      possible. Imperfect apposition, however, with normal alignment does not affect
      bone union severely. The problem arising from the use of an above-knee walking
      plaster that affects the patient physically, psychologically and socially, may be
      solved by the early use of a below-knee plaster. The functional sequelae are the
      result of soft-tissue damage rather than of immobilization. The Chutro-Phemister
      type of graft has proved to be a safe method in preventing pseudarthrosis. The
      analysis of the results obtained with this conservative method is sufficient
      reason against choosing surgical treatment for these fractures.

PMID- 1092616
TI  - The place and efficacy of operative management of fractured clavicle.
AB  - A study of 22 cases of operative fixation of the fractured clavicle has been
      made. This has shown that with internal fixation and onlay bone grafting, highly
      successful results can be attained. There were no cases of non-union and there
      have been no significant complications. The indications for such surgery are
      presented from the literature. It is clear that the operation is not commonly
      indicated, but when performed is safe and highly successful.

PMID- 1092617
TI  - Prophylaxis with dextran 70 against thrombosis in patients with fractures of the
      upper end of the femur.
AB  - A trial was undertaken to assess the effect of dextran 70 (Macrodex) in
      prophylaxis against thrombosis in womem over 65 years with fractures of the upper
      end of the femur. The dosage used was 500 ml at operation and 500 ml on the first
      postoperative day. At this dosage given at this time there was no difference in
      the overall incidence of clinically diagnosed deep venous thrombosis in the group
      of patients given dextran 70 compared with the control group. There was a
      tendency for thrombosis to occur earlier in the control group. The mortality
      rates at 3 weeks and even at 6 months were less in the treated group than in the
      control series.

PMID- 1092618
TI  - Electrophysiological studies on thalamo-cortical projections.

PMID- 1092619
TI  - Determination of death: Electrophysiological background;.

PMID- 1092620
TI  - Oncogenesis by interspecific interaction of malignant murine and non-malignant
      hamster cells in vitro.
AB  - A clone of Cloudman S91 murine melanoma was fused in vitro with non-malignant
      hamster cheek pouch cells by means of lysolecithin, and the putative hybrid
      progeny cells, HCP-MM, were found to be highly malignant in hamster, but not in
      appropriate mice. A malignant clone of HCP-MM cells was shown to have hamster
      species-specific surface antigens (as demonstrated by immunofluorescence and the
      cytotoxic antibody) and hamster-like lactate dehydrogenase and NAD-dependent
      malate dehydrogenase isoenzyme profiles. Nevertheless, chromosomes similar to
      those of both murine and hamster parental cells could be distinguished in cells
      of this malignant clone and in hamster tumor grafts by the method of trypsin
      Giemsa banding. A majority of the murine chromosomes, however, appeared to be
      lost. This study indicates that a murine melanoma previously found
      untransplantable in hamsters could produce a highly malignant and lethal tumor
      for hamsters after being mixed in vitro with non-malignant hamster cells, in the
      presence of a fusing chemical. It is not as yet certain whether the production of
      transformed cells in vitro and of highly malignant tumors in the hamster (both
      with predominantly hamster properties) required heterosynkarion formation between
      the murine melanoma and hamster cheek pouch cells. Nevertheless, our results
      suggest that the presence of the murine melanoma, and possibly the interaction of
      its genome with non-malignant hamster cells, was implicated in this process.

PMID- 1092621
TI  - Culture of the skin: how and why.

PMID- 1092622
TI  - Tumor immunology with particular reference to malignant melanoma.

PMID- 1092623
TI  - Chemistry and composition of the keratins.

PMID- 1092624
TI  - The biology of cutaneous aging.

PMID- 1092625
TI  - Zinc and the skin.

PMID- 1092626
TI  - Chancroid: alias the soft chancre.

PMID- 1092627
TI  - Mycetoma in Iran.
AB  - The subject of mycetoma is reviewed and 7 cases are reported for the first time
      from southern Iran.  Four were causes by Actinomyces israelii and one each by
      Nocardia asteroides, Actinomadura madurae and Allescheria boydii.

PMID- 1092628
TI  - Current concepts in coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1092629
TI  - Studies on Anoplotaenia dasyuri beddard, 1911 (Cestoda: Taeniidae), a parasite of
      the Tasmanian devil: observations on the egg and metacestode.

PMID- 1092630
TI  - Toxicology of the retinal pigment epithelium.

PMID- 1092631
TI  - Silver sulfadiazine for control of burn wound infections.
AB  - Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene, U.S.; Flamazine, U.K.; Flammazine, N.; Sulplata,
      S.A.) is the newest topical antimicrobial agent available following worldwide
      clinical trials. Good control of infection is achieved without pain or other
      demonstrable side effects, using either dressings or the exposure technic. Many
      burned areas kept free of infection heal without grafting. Where necessary, early
      preparation for and good take of grafts has been attained by utilizing this new
      therapeutic agent. Markedly reduced mortality from burn wound sepsis has
      generally been observed.

PMID- 1092632
TI  - Cutaneous esophagoplasty.

PMID- 1092633
TI  - Dr. Malcolm C. Todd.

PMID- 1092634
TI  - Explosive outbreaks of food poisoning due to Salmonella typhimurium U65.

PMID- 1092635
TI  - The Medical Officer of Health.

PMID- 1092636
TI  - Bifunctional reagents as vapour- and liquid-phase fixatives for
      immunohistochemistry.
AB  - Out of a total of eleven bifunctional reagents tested as fixatives for light
      microscopic immunohistochemistry, four were found satisfactory when applied in
      the vapour phase to freeze-dried blocks. These were diethylpyrocarbonate, as
      observed in earlier studies, dimethyladipimidate, p-benzoquinone, and diacetyl.
      Adequate but less satisfactory liquid-phase fixation was provided by three
      reagents (dimethyladipimidate, dimethylsuberimidate, p-benzoquinone). None of the
      eleven reagents gave optimal preservation of antigencity and structure when
      tested at the ultrastructural level. Encouraging results were obtained with p
      benzoquinone, however.

PMID- 1092637
TI  - Immunofluorescent localization of the female sex steroids in the porcine ovary.
AB  - Antibodies against progesterone 20-(o-carboxymethyl) oxime and oestrone 17-(o
      carboxymethyl) oxime have been applied to porcine ovaries as the first layer in
      the indirect immunofluorescent technique. In the Graafian follicles, both
      steroids have been demonstrated within single cells of the theca interna. In the
      corpora lutea, the same steroids were found in the cells assembled at the
      periphery of the organ, as well as around the large vessels. Degenerating cells
      present in the corpora albicans revealed positive immunofluorescence together
      with distinct autofluorescence. Similarly, the atretic follicles and fragments of
      the interstitial gland showed both immunofluorescence and autofluorescence. The
      immunofluorescent localization of steroids was confirmed by the similar
      distribution of sudanophilic substances. However, the differentiation between the
      two hormones investigated was not certain.

PMID- 1092638
TI  - The gentamicin antibiotics. 6. Gentamicin C2b, an aminoglycoside antibiotic
      produced by Micromonospora purpurea mutant JI-33.
AB  - A mutant strain of Micromonospora purpurea, designated var. JI-33, produced an
      antibiotic complex consisting primarily of gentamicin C1a. A further product of
      this fermentation was identical to a very minor component isolated from the
      fermentation of the parent organism and named gentamicin C2b. Physical
      measurements indicated its structure to be 6'-N-methylgentamicin C1a and this was
      confirmed by synthesis from gentamicin C1a. The in vitro antibacterial activity
      of gentamicin C2b was very similar to that of the gentamicin C complex.
      Antibiotic XK-62-2, produced by Micromonospora sagamiensis, appears to be
      identical to gentamicin C1b.

PMID- 1092639
TI  - A new prodiginne (prodigiosin-like) pigment from Streptomyces. Antimalarial
      activity of several prodiginnes.
AB  - Two prodigiosin-like pigments from Streptomyces sp. were shown to be
      undecylprodiginine (i) and butylcycloheptylprodiginine (v). The antimalarial
      activity of five prodiginine pigments is given.

PMID- 1092640
TI  - The differing effects of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetrimide B.P. upon
      growing cultures of Escherichia coli NCIB 8277.

PMID- 1092641
TI  - Physical responses of yeast cells to osmotic shock.

PMID- 1092642
TI  - Simple and accurate technique for the determination of heat resistance of
      bacterial spores.

PMID- 1092643
TI  - An anaerobic bag for photoheterotrophic growth of some rhodospirillaceae in petri
      dishes.

PMID- 1092644
TI  - Insertion of a minor protein into the outer membrane of Escherichia coli during
      inhibition of lipid synthesis.
AB  - The antibiotic cerulenin, a specific inhibitor of fatty acid synthetase systems,
      was used to demonstrate that a minor protein component of the outer membrane of
      Escherichia coli, which serves as the receptor for the phage lambda, can be
      synthesized and inserted into the outer membrane during inhibition of lipid
      synthesis.

PMID- 1092645
TI  - Thermosensitive mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 altered in the catalytic Subunit
      and in a Regulatory factor of the glutamy-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase.
AB  - The glutamyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase (GluRS) of a partial revertants
      (ts plus or minus) of the thermosensitive (ts) mutant strain JP1449 (LOcus gltx)
      and of a ts mutant strain EM111-ts1 with a lesion in or near the locus gltx have
      been studied to find the relation between these two genetic loci known to
      influence the GluRS activity in vitro and the presence of a catalytic subunit and
      of a regulatory subunit in the GluRS purified from Escherichia coli K-12. The ts
      character of strain JP1449-18ts plus or minus is co-transduced with the marker
      dsdA at the same frequency as is the ts character of strain JP1449. Its purified
      GluRS is very thermolabile and its Km for glutamate is higher than that of a wild
      type GluRS. These results indicate that the locus gltX is in the structural gene
      for the catalytic subunit of this enzyme. The location of the mutation causing
      the partial ts reversion in strain JP1449-18ts plus or minus is discussed. The
      GluRS purified from the ts mutant strain EM111-ts1 has the same stability as the
      wild-type enzyme, but its Km forglutamate increases with the temperature,
      suggesting that the locus gltE codes for a regulatory factor, possibly for the
      polypeptide chain that is co-purified with the catalytic subunit.

PMID- 1092646
TI  - Reduced plasma membrane permeability in a multiple cross-resistant strain of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Single nuclear gene inheritance was shown to be responsible for increased
      resistance to: eight diverse inhibitors of mitochondrial function (antimycin,
      carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone, chloramphenicol, oligomycin,
      tetracycline, triethyltin bromide, triphenylmethylphosphonium bromide and triton
      X-165); and an inhibitor of cytoplasmic protein synthesis (cycloheximide).
      Continuous monitoring of oxygen uptake during respiratory adaptation showed that
      anerobic pretreatment of resistant cells sensitized respiratory adaptation to
      chloramphenicol and antimycin. However, since a depression of mitochondrial
      function by catabolite repression did not result in sensitization to antimycin,
      alteration of the mitochondrial membrane does not appear to be responsible for
      resistance to mitochondrial inhibition. Alteration of cellular binding sites was
      not responsible for resistance since in vitro mitochondrial protein synthesis was
      sensitive to chloramphenicol and in vitro mitochondrial respiration was sensitive
      to oligomycin, carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone, and antimycin.
      Autoradiography of an ethylacetate-ethanol extract of [14C]chloramphenicol
      treated resistant cells indicated that resistance was not due to enzymatic
      modification of inhibitors. The maintenance of an antimycin-resistant respiration
      by protoplasts of resistant cells ruled out the involvement of the cell wall in
      cellular resistance. The reduced transport of [14C]chloramphenicol by resistant
      cells (1% of normal cells) indicated that a single nuclear gene mutation can
      alter the permeability of the plasma membrane to many diverse inhibitors.

PMID- 1092647
TI  - Existence of two levels of repression in the biosynthesis of methionine in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae: effect of lomofungin on enzyme synthesis.
AB  - Derepression of a methionine biosynthetic enzyme (homocysteine synthase) has been
      studied after repression either by exogenous methionine or by exogenous S
      adenosylmethionine (SAM). Lomofungin, which inhibits the synthesis of ribosomal
      precursor and messenger ribonucleic acid but not of protein in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae, has been used in this system. It has been shown that the addition of
      this antibiotic prevents the derepression of homocysteine synthase after
      repression by exogenous methionine but not after repression by exogenous SAM.
      These experiments with lomofungin and the kinetics of repression after addition
      of methionine or SAM to the growth medium provide evidence that the repression
      induced by exogenous methionine acts at the transcriptional level whereas the
      repression induced by exogenous SAM acts at the translational level.

PMID- 1092648
TI  - Biochemical and regulatory effects of methionine analogues in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - The effect of three methionine analogues, ethionine, selenomethionine, and
      trifluoromethionine, on the biosynthesis of methionine in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae has been investigated. We have found the following to be true. (i) A
      sharp decrease in the endogenous methionine concentration occurs after the
      addition of any one of these analogues to growing cells. (ii) All of them can be
      transferred to methionine transfer ribonucleic acid in vitro as well as in vivo
      with, as a consequence, their incorporation into proteins. In the absence of
      radioactive trifluoromethionine, this conclusion results from experiments of an
      indirect nature and must be taken as an indication rather than a direct
      demonstration. (iii) Ethionine and selenomethionine can be activated as
      homologues of S-adenosylmethionine, whereas trifluoromethionine cannot. (iv) All
      of them can act as repressors of the methionine biosynthetic pathway. This has
      been shown by measuring the de novo rate of synthesis of methionine in a culture
      grown in the presence of any one of the three analogues.

PMID- 1092649
TI  - Characterization of transmissible genetic elements from sucrose-fermenting
      Salmonella strains.
AB  - Two of seven sucrose-fermenting Salmonella strains obtained from clinical sources
      were found capable of conjugal transfer of the sucrose fermentation (Scr+)
      property to the Escherichia coli K-12 strain WR3026. The genetic elements
      conferring this Scr+ property, designated scr-53 and scr-94, were then conjugally
      transmissible from Escherichia coli WR3026 Scr+ exconjugants to other strains of
      Escherichia coli at frequences of 5 times 10- minus 6 to 5 times 10- minus 3 for
      the scr-53 element and 10- minus 6 to 10- minus 5 for the scr-94 element. In
      Escherichia coli hosts, both of these elements were compatible with F-lac and
      with each of six previously characterized transmissible lac elements. No
      antibiotic resistance characteristics or colicin production were discovered to be
      associated with either scr-53 or scr-94. Neither scr element generated a male
      host response to the female-specific phage phiII, but the scr-53 element rendered
      its Escherichia coli host sensitive to the male-specific phage R-17. Escherichia
      coli hosts containing scr-53 were susceptible to lysis by P1vir, and transduction
      of the scr-53 element was accomplished with this phage. The scr-53 element was
      isolated from Escherichia coli WR3026, Scr+ transductants, and Escherichia coli
      WR2036 Scr+ exconjugants as a covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid
      molecule with a molecular weight (determined by electron microscopy) of
      approximately 52 times 10-6. Receipt of the scr-94 element rendered Escherichia
      coli hosts of this element unsusceptible to lysis by P1vir, although adsorption
      of the phage by an Escherichia coli WR3026 exconjugant containing scr-94 occurred
      as efficiently as it did on WR3026 itself. Repeated examination of Escherichia
      coli strains harboring scr-94, as well as of the Salmonella strain which
      initially contained it, did not reveal the presence of circular deoxyribonucleic
      acid. The synthesis of the sucrose cleaving enzyme was inducible in Escherichia
      coli exconjugants containing either scr-53 or scr-94.

PMID- 1092650
TI  - Events following prophage Mu induction.
AB  - Escherichia coli strains lysogenic for a thermoinducible Mu prophage (Mu cts62)
      undergo rapid lysis about 50 min after heat induction. Induction of Mu cts62
      apparently causes damage to the host sequences in which Mu is inserted. The
      normal expression of A, BU, and X genes of Mu is needed for this specific
      deleterious effect on the prophage-containing host sequences. Mu deoxyribonucleic
      acid can be shown to reintegrate extensively at different sites on the host
      genome during the lytic cycle after prophage induction or after infection of
      sensitive cells by clear-plaque mutants of Mu. We estimate that approximately 10
      copies of Mu deoxyribonucleic acid are inserted per chromosome during vegetative
      growth. The episome rescue method for detecting vegetative Mu deoxyribonucleic
      acid insertion, in which an episome is transferred from the lytically infected
      cells to F- receipient cells, can be applied to study Mu integration without
      requiring the host cells to survive. It also provides an easy system to isolate
      Mu insertions in transmissible episomes and plasmids.

PMID- 1092651
TI  - Homology between the deoxyribonucleic acid of fertility factor P and Vibrio
      cholerae chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the Vibrio cholerae fertility factor P was
      isolated by the dye-buoyant density method and hybridized to V. cholerae
      chromosomal DNA. The DNA of this fertility plasmid had between 35 to 40% homology
      with the V. cholerae chromosomal DNA. Little or no homology was detected between
      the P factor DNA and DNA of the Escherichia coli sex factor F.

PMID- 1092652
TI  - Isolation and characterization of mutator strains of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A selection procedure was devised to select for mutants of Escherichia coli K-12
      with enhanced rates of spontaneous frameshift mutation. Three types of mutants
      were isolated. Two of the mutations apparently represent alleles of previously
      isolated mutL13 and mutS3. The third type of mutation, represented by two
      alleles, lies between lysA and thyA, and has been designated mutR. mutR increases
      the rate of spontaneous frameshift mutation and also the rate of base
      substitution mutations. The mutator phenotype is recessive. Reversion of a lac
      amber mutation located on an episome is increased in the presence of the mutator,
      indicating that mutR can act in trans. No change in sensitivity to ultraviolet
      irradiation or mitomycin C could be found when mutR34 was compared to the
      isogenic mutR+ strain. The mutator's activity was little affected by the type of
      medium in which the strain was grown. Deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools were
      normal in mutR34. Intergenic recombination frequencies were the same in mutR and
      mutR and mutR+ strains, but a two- to threefold increase in intragenic
      recombination was observed in Hfr times Fminus crosses when the recipeint was
      mutR34 as compared with mutR+. This increase appeared independent of the distance
      between the two markers within the gene in which the crossover took place.

PMID- 1092653
TI  - Multiple gene loci for a single species of glycine transfer ribonucleic acid.
AB  - The study of suppressors of tryptophan synthase A protein missense mutations in
      Escherichia coli has led to the establishment of two nonadjacent genetic loci
      (gly V and gly W) specifying identical nucleotide sequences for a single
      isoaccepting species of glycine transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA GLY 3 GGU/C). In
      one case, suppression of the missense mutation trpA78 was due to a mutation in a
      structural gene (gly W) for tRNA Gly 3 GGU/C. This mutation resulted in a base
      change in the anticodon and modification of an A residue adjacent to the 3' side
      of the anticodon, leading to the production of a tRNA Gly 3 UGU/C species. The
      resulting glyW51 (SU UGU/C) allele was mapped by interrupted mating and was
      located at approximately 37 min on the Escherichia coli genetic map. Other
      suppressor mutations affecting the primary sequence of tRNA Gly GGU/C and giving
      rise to the Ins and SU+A58 phenotypes were positioned at 86 min (glyV). Several
      independently arising missense suppressor mutations resulting in the SU+A78
      phenotypes were isolated and mapped at these two genetic loci (glyV and glyW).
      The ratio of appearance of suppressor mutations at glyV and glyW suggests that
      there are three of four tRNAGly3 GGU/C structural gene copies at the glyV locus
      to one copy at the glyW locus. Structural genes for tRNA ly isoacceptors are now
      known at four distinct locations on the Escherichia coli chromosome: glyT (77
      MIN), TRNA Gly 2 GGA/G; gly U (55 min), tRNAGly-1 minus; and gly V (86 MIN) AND
      GLYW (37 min), tRNAGly 3 GGU/C.

PMID- 1092654
TI  - Five control systems preventing transfer of Escherichia coli K-12 sex factor F.
AB  - The transfer inhibition systems of 28 Fin+ plasmids have been characterized,
      using Flac mutants insensitive to inhibition by R100 or R62. All F-like plasmids
      (except R455) and one N group plasmid determined systems analogous to that of
      R100; this is designated the FinOP system. None of these plasmids could supply a
      FinP component of the transfer inhibitor able to replace that of F itself. In
      addition to the FinOP and R62 transfer inhibition systems described previously,
      new systems were encoded by the F-like plasmid R455, the I-like plasmid JR66a,
      and the group X plasmid R485. Besides inhibiting F transfer, JR66a also inhibited
      F pilus formation and surface exclusion, whereas R485 inhibited only pilus
      formation and R455 inhibited neither. All three R factors inhibited transfer of J
      independent Flac elements, indicating that they act directly on one or more genes
      (or products) of the transfer operon, rather than directly via traJ. The tral
      products and transfer origin sequences of two Fin+ F-like plasmids, ColB2 and
      R124, appear to have similar specificities to those of F itself.

PMID- 1092655
TI  - Formation of chromatographically unique species of transfer ribonucleic acid
      during amino acid starvation of relaxed-control Escherichia coli.
AB  - Examination of the transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) produced by starving, relaxed
      control (rel minus) strains of Escherichia coli for required amino acids revealed
      the occurrence of a number of chromatographically unique subspecies. Leucine
      starvation results in the formation of new isoacceptor species of leucine-,
      histidine-, arginine-, valine-, and phenylalanine-specific tRNA and quantitative
      changes in the column profiles of serine, glycine, and isoleucine tRNA. Evidence
      that the unique tRNA species are synthesized de novo during amino acid starvation
      comes from the findings that the major unique leucine isoacceptor species is not
      formed in stringent control cells or in rel minus cells starved for uracil or
      treated with rifampin. Furthermore, heat treatment of the unique leucine tRNA
      does not alter its chromatographic behavior, indicating that the species is not
      an aggregate or nuclease-damaged form of a normal isoacceptor tRNA. The methyl
      acceptor activities of tRNA from leucine-starved and nonstarved rel+ or rel minus
      cells were found to be essentially the same. This result and the finding that the
      chromatographic behavior of the unique leucine-specific tRNA was not altered
      after treatment with tRNA methylase suggests that gross methyl deficiency is
      probably not the biochemical basis for the occurrence of the unique species.

PMID- 1092656
TI  - Hycanthone and its congeners as bacterial mutagens.
AB  - Hycanthone methanesulfonate (HCT) was shown to induce "forward" and "reverse"
      mutations in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Mutational effects of
      HCT on S. tyhhimurium TA1532 were concentration and time dependent. A comparison
      of mutagenic potency for TA1532 was made between HCT and the frame-shift mutagens
      quinacrine and ICR-191. An investigation of structure-activity relationships
      revealed the substituent in the 4-position of ring A to be critical for
      mutagenicity. Activity was found when this group was a hydroxymethyl (i.e., HCT)
      or an aldehyde (Win 25,315), but the analogues having a carboxyl group (Win
      25,850) or methyl group (lucanthone) in this positionwere inactive. Removal of a
      single ethyl group from the side chain did not affect mutagenic activity inasmuch
      as the potency of desethyl HCT (Win 27,262) equaled that of HCT on a molar basis.
      A marginal activity was found with a sample of HCT sulfoxide (win 27,266), but
      this sample was found to contain traces of HCT. The HCT analogue with a terminal
      N-oxide in the side chain (Win 29,329) was inactive at the concentration tested.

PMID- 1092657
TI  - Rapid cessation of phospholipid synthesis in fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase
      mutants of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli GH352, which was originally described as a temperature-sensitive
      strain containing a thermolabile acyl coenzyme A:monoacylglycerol 3-phosphate
      acyltransferase, does not now contain a thermolabile form of this enzyme. It has
      a defect in fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase and at least one additional
      temperature-sensitive lesion. Both strains GH352 and NP315, a temperature
      sensitive aldolase mutant, show rapid cessation of 32-P1 incorporation into
      nucleic acids and phospholipids at 42 C. These characteristics of strain GH352
      are therefore no longer attributed to thermolabile phospholipid synthesis, but
      can be attributed to the fructose-1,6-diphophate aldolase lesion.

PMID- 1092658
TI  - Mapping of sul, the suppressor of lon in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The suppressor sul, which is allele specific for the ultraviolet sensitivity gene
      lon, has been mapped by conjugation and transductional crosses in Escherichia
      coli K-12 and B/r. Previously, sul was reported to lie in the azi region of the
      Escherichia coli chromosome. Evidence is presented which positions sul close to
      and clockwise of fabA on the Escherichia coli map. Cotransductional frequencies
      of 31.3% were obtained between sul and pyrD, and frequencies of 82% were obtained
      between sul and fabA. Also, the mucoid phenotype of K-12 lon strains grown on
      minimal glucose agar plates at 37 C was not significantly effected in sul
      derivatives. No differences between the sul of Escherichia coli B/r and that of K
      12 derivatives with regard to map location or effect on mucoid production were
      observed.

PMID- 1092659
TI  - Simple downshift and resulting lack of correlation between ppGpp pool size and
      ribonucleic acid accumulation.
AB  - The growth rate of Escherichia coli can be limited by the availability of carbon
      and energy. To impose such a limitation, alpha-methylglucoside (alpha MG), a non
      metabolizable analogue, can be used to decrease uptake of glucose by competition
      for the transport of this sugar. Varying the ratio of glucose to alphaMG allowed
      shifts in growth rate without simultaneous qualitative changes in the growth
      medium and permitted examination of the immediate changes accompanying such
      shifts. Stringent (rel+) as well as relaxed (rel minus) strains were able to
      rapidly curtail their accumulation of ribonculeic acid (RNA) after a downshift
      imposed by decreasing glucose transport into the cell. Guanosine 5'-diphosphate
      3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) accumulated in both rel+ and rel minus strains after a
      degrease in growth rate. However, the accumulation of ppGpp in relaxed
      derivatives was very slow, and there was no direct or obligatory correlation
      between the level of ppGpp and the rate of RNA accumulation. This latter
      conclusion is supported by measurements of ppGpp levels and rates of RNA
      accumulation after restoration of maximal growth rates by addition of excess
      glucose.

PMID- 1092661
TI  - Potassium translocation in yeast mitochondria and its relationship to ergostrol
      biosynthesis.
AB  - The energy-dependent transport and accumulation of K+ in respiring mitochondria
      has been found to inhibit the S-adenosylmethionine: delta-24-sterol
      methyltransferase enzyme of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Potassium cation
      translocation is discussed as a possible regulatory mechanism over the
      biosynthesis of ergosterol.

PMID- 1092660
TI  - Effect of ribonuclease on the association of deoxyribonucleic acid with the
      membrane in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The Mg-2+-Sarkosyl crystals (M band) procedure was used to study the effect of
      ribonuclease (RNase) A on the association of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic
      acid (DNA) with membrane. Incubation of gently prepared cell extracts with RNase
      results in the release of DNA from membrane. This effect appears to result from
      the activation, by RNase, of endonuclease I and subsequent limited activity of
      this deoxyribonuclease. In support of this explanation, it is demonstrated (i)
      that the extent of the RNase-induced loss of DNA from membrane is directly
      correlated with the endogenous level of endonuclease I, and (ii) that
      endonucleolytic activity occurs when gently lysed cell preparations are incubated
      in the presence of RNase.

PMID- 1092662
TI  - Reinitiation of chromosome replication in the presence of chloramphenicol under
      an integratively suppressed state by R6K.
AB  - The autonomous replication of an R plasmid, R6K (amp, str) was shown not to be
      affected by chloramphenicol. It provoked integrative suppression and gave rise to
      Hfr strains when integrated into the chromosome of a strain of Escherichia coli K
      12 with a temperature-sensitive mutation in the gene, dnaA. An Hfr strain
      designated as Hfr(R6K) no. 1 was thus obtained and characterized. It was not
      completely stable as shown by a plating efficiency of 0.6 at 42 C relative to
      that at 30 C. The density labeling and the ultracentrifugation analysis suggested
      that the deoxyribonucleic acid replication in this Hfr strain did not stop
      immediately after completion of the round already started before temperature
      shift-up and the addition of chloramphenicol. These observations are discussed in
      relation to a possibility that the chromosome replication of this Hfr strain is
      under the control of the integrated plasmid at a nonpermissive temperature.

PMID- 1092663
TI  - Lipophilic chelator inhibition of electron transport in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The lipophilic chelator bathophenanthroline inhibits electron transport in
      membranes from Escherichia coli. The less lipophilic 1,10-phenanthroline,
      bathophenanthroline sulfonate, and alpha,alpha-dipyridyl have little effect.
      Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase is more sensitive to
      bathophenanthroline inhibition than lactate oxidase activity. Evidence for two
      sites of inhibition comes from the fact that both reduced nicotinamide adenine
      dinucleotide menadione reductase and duroquinol oxidase activities are inhibited.
      Addition of uncouplers of phosphorylation before bathophenanthroline protects
      against inhibition.

PMID- 1092664
TI  - Morphological change in the early stages of the mating process of Rhodosporidium
      toruloides.
AB  - The events which occur in the early stages of the mating process of the yeast
      Rhodosporidium toruloides between strains M-919 (mating type A) and M-1057
      (mating type a) were investigated. In preliminary experiments we determined the
      frequency of mating by two newly designed methods: the liquid culture method and
      the membrane-filter microculture method. The mating frequencies of strains M-919
      and M-1057 were 89% in the liquid culture method and 62% in the membrane-filter
      microculture method. The early stages in the mating process included the
      following events: (i) M-919 cells produce constitutively the extracellular
      inducing substance (A factor), (ii) M-1057 cells receive A factor, and in
      response to it they form mating tubes and secrete another inducing substance (a
      factor), (iii) M-919 cells receive a factor, and in response to it they form
      mating tubes, (iv) mating tubes elongate to the cells or the tubes of mating
      partner, (v) tips of the growing tubes recognize the opposite mating type cells
      or their tubes, followed by cell-to-cell fusion.

PMID- 1092665
TI  - Endogenous messenger ribonucleic acid-directed polypeptide chain elongation in a
      cell-free system from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - An in vitro protein-synthesizing system from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      has been made by a modification of the procedure for preparation of the Krebs
      ascites system. The protein synthetic activity is directed by endogenous
      messenger. Amino acid incorporation occurs over a broad range of magnesium and
      potassium concentration, being maximal at 6 and 85 mM, respcetively. The activity
      of this in vitro system is due to the elongation of polypeptides whose synthesis
      was initiated in vivo. The cell extract does not initiate synthesis with
      endogenous messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA), since 1 muM pactamycin, which blocks
      initiation on prokaryotic or eukaryotic ribosomes invitro, fails to decrease
      amino acid incorporation. Ten micromolar cycloheximide, however, inhibits
      incorporation by 87%. Moreover, this system is not stimulated by rabbit
      reticulocyte polysomal RNA, which directs the synthesis of hemoglobin in extracts
      of Krebs ascites cells. The translation of this messenger is not masked by high
      endogenous incorporation, because autoradiography of sodium dodecyl sulfate
      polyacrylamide gels containing [35-S]methionine-labeled products shows that no
      hemoglobin is made. Preincubation of this system, which reduces the high
      endogenous incorporation by 80%, does not increase its capacity to be stimulated
      by either rabbit reticulocyte RNA or yeast polyriboadenylic acid-containing RNA.
      Polyuridylic acid, however, does stimulate polyphenylalanine incorporation. The
      failure of the yeast lysate to be stimulated by or to translate added natural
      messenger RNA, its insensitivity to low levels of pactamycin but inhibition by
      cycloheximide, and its relatively high magnesium optimum (the same as that for
      polyuridylic acid) suggest that it elongates but does not initiate polypeptide
      chains.

PMID- 1092666
TI  - Isolation and characterization of lambda transducing bacteriophages for argF,
      argI and adjacent genes.
AB  - Two genes for ornithinetranscarbamylase exist in strain Escherichia coli K-12,
      argI, at 85 min, and argF, at 7 min. In an attempt to compare the
      deoxyribonucleic acid material of these two genes, the lambda transducing phages
      carrying a portion of the argI region, lambda dvalS argI, lambda pvalS, and
      lambda dvalS pyrB, and of the argF region, lambda dargF, have been isolated.
      Their structure, including that of phi 80dargF previously isolated, was studied
      by the method of heteroduplex mapping. In this paper, the results of this mapping
      are reported.

PMID- 1092667
TI  - Electron microscopic heteroduplex studies of sequence relations among plasmids of
      Escherichia coli: structure of F13 and related F-primes.
AB  - The structure of F13, a plasmid containing lac, purE, and proC, has been
      determined by heteroduplex analysis. As expected for an F-prime formed by a type
      II excision event, it contains all the sequences of F plus a large segment of
      Escherichia coli chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. There is a sequence of F with
      coordinates 16.3-17.6F which has been shown in other studies to be the insertion
      sequence IS2. This IS2 occurs twice on F13, once at each of the two junctions of
      F deoxyribonucleic acid with chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid. The sequence
      alpha beta which occurs twice on F with coordinates 93.2-94.5/OF and 13.7-15.0F
      occurs an additional three times, twice in an inverted order relative to the
      alpha beta sequences of F, on the chromosomal sequences of F13. The structures of
      the plasmids F13-4 and F210 have been determined. The common sequences of F13
      with F152-1 (a derivative of F152, the classical F2gal) and with F13-4 and F210
      have been mapped. These results partially map lac, proC, tsx, and purE on F13. On
      the basis of all of these results, it is proposed that Hfr 13 (the parent of F13)
      was formed by recirpocal recombination between IS2 on F and an IS2 resident at a
      point between lac and proC on the chromosome of the F+ parent of Hfr 13. It is
      proposed that this IS2 and the several alpha beta sequences on the chromosomal
      part of F13 are hot spots for recombination with F, i.e., for Hfr formation. The
      point of origin and direction of transfer of many Hfr's can be explained by this
      hypothesis. In particular, the sequence relations of F42-1 (Flac) and of F152-1
      (F 2gal) with F13 are completely consistent with this model.

PMID- 1092668
TI  - Electron microscope heteroduplex studies of sequence relations among bacterial
      plasmids: identification and mapping of the insertion sequences IS1 and IS2 in F
      and R plasmids.
AB  - Heteroduplex experiments between the plasmid R6 and one strand of the
      deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of a lambda phage carrying the insertion sequence IS1
      show that IS1 occurs on R6 at the two previously mapped junctions of resistance
      transfer factor (RTF) DNA with R-determinant DNA. From previous heteroduplex
      experiments, it then follows that IS1 occurs at the same junctions in R6-5, R100
      1, and R1 plasmids. Heteroduplex experiments with the DNA from a lambda phage
      carrying the insertion sequence IS2 show that one copy of IS2 occurs in R6, R6-5,
      and R100-1 (but not R1) at a point within the RTF with coordinates 67.5 TO 68.9
      kilobase units (kb). In an accompanying paper, Ptashne and Cohen (1975) show that
      the insertion sequence IS3 occurs on R6 and R6-5. R100-25, a traC mutant, differs
      from its parent R100-1 only in that it contains an additional copy of IS1
      inserted within the tra gene region of 82.1 kb. R100-31, atraX, TC-s mutant of
      R100-1, is deleted in R100-1 sequences starting at one of the IS3 termini (46.9
      kb) and extending with RTF to 61.0 kb. Heteroduplex studies of F plasmids with
      the DNA of a lambda phage bearing insertion sequence IS2 show that the sequence
      of F with coordinates 16.3-17.6F is IS2. The occurrence of IS1 at the two
      junctions of R-determinant DNA and RTF DNA in R plasmids provides a structural
      basis to explain the mechanism of the previously observed formation of molecules
      containing one RTF unit and several tandem copies of the R-determinant unit, when
      R plasmids in Proteus mirabilis are grown in the presence of antibiotics, and the
      segregation of an R plasmid into an RTF unit and an R-determinant unit. In
      general, correlation of our results with previous studies shows that insertion
      sequences play a role in a variety of F- and R-related intra- and intermolecular
      recombination phenomena.

PMID- 1092669
TI  - Occurrence of insertion sequence (IS) regions on plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid as
      direct and inverted nucleotide sequence duplications.
AB  - Insertion sequence (IS) regions have been identified previously as a cause of
      strongly polar mutations in Escherichia coli and several bacteriophages. The
      present experiments indicate that genetically characterized IS regions occur on
      bacterial plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as both direct and inverted DNA
      sequence duplications. The DNA insertion which has been shown previously (Sharp
      et al., 1973) to control expression of tetracycline resistance in the R6-5
      plasmid, and which occurs as directly and inversely repeated DNA sequences
      adjacent to the region believed to contain the tetracycline resistance gene, has
      been identified as IS3. A second genetically characterized insertion sequence
      (IS1) has been identified as a direct DNA duplication occurring at both junctions
      of the resistance transfer factor and R-determinant components of R6-5 and
      related plasmids. A model is presented for the reversible dissociation of
      resistance transfer factor and R-determinant components of co-integrate R
      plasmids at the sites of DNA sequence homology provided by the repeated IS
      regions.

PMID- 1092670
TI  - Photosynthetic sulfide oxidation by Chloroflexus aurantiacus, a filamentous,
      photosynthetic, gliding bacterium.
AB  - Chloroflexus, a newly described genus of filamentous, photosynthetic, gliding
      bacteria, oxidizes sulfide anaerobically under photoautotrophic or
      photoheterotrophic growh conditions and deposits elemental sulfur outside the
      cell. The formation of sulfur granules outside the cell supports the idea that
      this organism is related to the green sulfur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae).

PMID- 1092671
TI  - Location of the Escherichia coli K-12 ruv gene affecting septum formation after
      inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.
AB  - Escherichia coli ruv gene was located at 36.1 min on the chromosome by P1
      transduction experiments and the gene order his - supD - uvrC, dar4 - ruv - eda -
      fadD - pps was proposed. Complementation analysis by an F' factor carrying genes
      in the his region indicated that ultraviolet light sensitivity genes, ruv and
      uvrC, consist of different cistrons and wild-type alleles of these genes are
      dominant over the mutant alleles.

PMID- 1092672
TI  - A third kasugamycin resistance locus, ksgC, affecting ribosomal protein S2 in
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A third kasugamycin-resistant mutant affecting ribosomal protein S2 has been
      isolated from Escherichia coli K-12. Mating and transduction revealed that this
      newly recognized kasugamycin resistance locus, designated as ksgC, is located at
      0.1 to 0.2 min from purE.

PMID- 1092673
TI  - Biochemical studies on radiation-sensitive mutations in bacteriophage T4-1.
AB  - Mutants of bacteriophage T4 which exhibit increased sensitivity to ultraviolet
      radiation were isolated and their abilities to induce an enzyme system to excise
      pyrimidine dimers were examined.  Among 16 mutants isolated, 12 mutants were
      found to be defective in inducing T4 endonuclease V, which catalyzes the
      formation of dimer-specific breaks in ultraviolet-irradiated DNA.  A leaky v
      mutant, which exhibits intermediate ultraviolet sensitivity, was also isolated;
      the mutant induces a low level of endonuclease V and excises only a small amount
      of kimers in vitro.  Three other mutants, as well as x and y mutants, were able
      to induce both T4 endonuclease V and dimer-excision enzyme (5'yields 3'
      exonuclease).

PMID- 1092674
TI  - Mode of replication of plasmid lambda-dv-1.
AB  - About 20 copies of plasmid lambda-dv are perpetuated per host chromosome in
      Escherichia coli K12 cells.  The mode of DNA replication of this plasmid lambda
      dv was studied, using the density-labelling technique followed by banding in
      DsCl.  It was shown that all the copies of plasmid lambda-dv are potentially
      capable of replicating roughly once a cell generation.  Their replication occurs
      by random, that is a copy of the plasmid is taken out at random for replication
      from a pool, to which the two replicas resulting from replication are returned. 
      Chloramphenicol did not inhibit the initiation of a new round of replication of
      the plasmid molecules, indicating that selection from the replication pool does
      not require concomitant protein synthesis.

PMID- 1092675
TI  - Isolation and properties of a species produced by the partial dissociation of
      aspartate transcarbamylase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - A species produced by the reaction of aspartate transcarbamylase (C6R6) with 6 to
      12 eq of p-hydroxymercuribenzoate was isolated by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography.
      Purified material was completely dissociated with mercurials and the relative
      amounts of catalytic (C) and regulatory (R) subunits were determined by three
      methods: (a) quantitative cellulose acetate electrophoresis; (b) Lowry analysis
      after separating the catalytic and regulatory subunits by sucrose gradient
      centrifugation; (c) dissociation of the species with sodium dodecyl sulfate and
      determination of the relative amounts of catalytic and regulatory chain by sodium
      dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis. All three methods gave consistent results,
      indicating that the molecule consists of 75% (by weight) catalytic chain and 25%
      regulatory chain. The molecular weight determined by gel filtration,
      sedimentation velocity, and sedimentation equilibrium experiments was found to be
      approximately 270,000. These observations establish that this species has the
      structure C6R4, and is produced by the release of a single regulatory dimer R2
      from the intact aspartate transcarbamylase complex. This protein (C6R4) contains
      20 cysteines and four zinc ions, consistent with the proposed subunit structure.
      The purified intermediate C6R4 contains no mercury. The parent molecule C6R6 can
      be reconstituted from C6R4 by incubation with isolated regulatory subunit (R2) in
      the presence of zinc and beta-mercaptoethanol. Titration of C6R4 yields an end
      point which corresponds to the addition of 1 mol of regulatory subunit (R2) per
      mol of C6R4. The intermediate is quite stable at neutral pH but tends to
      disproportionate into aspartate transcarbamylase and catalytic subunit after
      prolonged storage or at elevated pH. The kinetic properties of this species have
      been investigated. The specific activity of C6R4 is virtually identical with that
      of the native enzyme but the regulatory properties are substantially reduced.
      Both homotropic and heterotropic interactions are reduced but not abolished,
      indicating that the intact structure C6R6 is not required for the allosteric
      transitions involved in regulation.

PMID- 1092676
TI  - Interactions of plasma retinol-binding protein with its receptor. Specific
      binding of bovine and human retinol-binding protein to pigment epithelium cells
      from bovine eyes.
AB  - Bovine and human retinol-retinol-binding protein (RBP) were iodinated to high
      specific activity. At least 34% of the iodinated material was native and retained
      its retinol chromophore as judged by its characteristic ability to bind to plasma
      prealbumin. Bovine and human retinol-125I-RBP were found to bind specifically to
      intact isolated pigment epithelium cells from bovine eyes. The specific binding
      was complete in about 1 min with an estimated second order rate constant of about
      10-8 M-minus 1 S-minus 1 (at 22 degrees). The specific binding was temperature
      dependent with the binding at 0 degrees being some 7-fold slower than at 22
      degrees. The specific binding of both human and bovine retinol-125I-RBP was a
      linear function of the number of binding sites (number of cells) and was
      saturable with respect to retinol-125I-RBP. Bound iodinated retinol-RBP was
      rapidly displaced by the addition of unlabeled retinol-RBP, indicating that the
      specific binding process was a surface phenomenon and was not due to endocytosis.
      At saturation about 3.7 to 5.2 times 10-4 molecules of either bovine or human
      retinol-125I-RBP bound to one bovine pigment epithelium cell. The dissociation
      constant for the binding between retinol-125I-RBP and pigment epithelium receptor
      was estimated to be about 5 times 10-minus 12 M. Addition of human prealbumin
      (thyroxine-binding prealbumin) did not affect the binding of either human or
      bovine retinol-125I-RBP to pigment epithelium cells. Retinol-125I-RBP did not
      bind specifically to isolated bovine rod photoreceptor outer segments. Human apo
      RBP was less effective in displacing bound retinol-125I-RBP than either native or
      reconstituted human retinol-RBP. These results suggest a mechanism whereby, after
      delivering its retinol to the cell, apo-RBP is displaced from the specific
      receptor on pigment epithelium cell by another retinol-RBP molecule. This
      postulated mechanism makes it possible to control the delivery of retinol to the
      target cell by the relative plasma concentrations of apo- and retinol-RBP and
      their relative affinities for the specific receptor binding site.

PMID- 1092677
TI  - Deoxycytidine transport in the presence of a cytidine deaminase inhibitor and the
      transport of uracil in Escherichia coli B.
AB  - Tetrahydrouridine, a cytidine deaminase inhibitor, prevents periplasmic
      degradation of deoxycytidine by Escherichia coli B. It does not inhibit
      deoxycytidine transport and therefore allows an accurate determination of
      deoxycytidine transport. Data obtained using tetrahydrouridine show that
      deoxycytidine is transported in E. coli B as the intact nucleoside by an active
      transport process, with a K-m of 6 times 10-minus 6 M. Cytidine and
      deoxyadenosine inhibit transport competitively, whereas guanosine has no effect
      on transport. Arsenate or KCN greatly reduces transport. In a mutant resistant to
      the nucleoside antibiotic, showdomycin, the active transport of deoxycytidine is
      lost, and residual slow uptake occurs by passive diffusion. Uracil is accumulated
      in E. coli B by an active transport process with a K-m of 5 times 10-minus 7 M.

PMID- 1092678
TI  - The sequence of amino acid residues around the oxidation-reduction active
      disulfide in yeast glutathione reductase.
AB  - A 14-residue peptide containing the oxidation-reduction active cystine residue
      from yeast glutathione reductase has been isolated from proteolytic digests of
      the enzyme in which the free sulfhydryl groups had been reacted with N
      ethylmaleimide. The sequence of this disulfide-containing peptide was found to
      be:(see article). The sequence was highly homologous with the active cystine
      regions in Escherichia coli and pig heart lipoamide dehydrogenase. The sequences
      of three of the postulated four thiol-containing regions of the enzyme are also
      presented, as well as evidence supporting the view that the enzyme is composed of
      two identical subunits.

PMID- 1092679
TI  - The mechanism of aminoacylation of transfer ribonucleic acid. Reactivity of
      enzyme-bound isoleucyl adenylate.
AB  - Isoleucyl adenylate bound to isoleucine:tRNA ligase of Escherichia coli (EC
      6.1.1.5; isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase) transfers the isoleucine moiety to tRNA-Ile
      E. coli with a half-time of about 35 s at 0 degrees and pH 7.6 in the presence of
      spermine or Mg2+. If a limited amount of tRNA-Ile is supplied to a mixture of
      free enzyme and enzyme-bound [14c]isoleucyl adenylate in a medium containing
      spermine, ATP, and [3H]isoleucine, almost none of the resultant isoleucyl tRNA is
      derived from preformed enzyme-bound [14C]isoleucyl adenylate. Almost all of the
      isoleucyl tRNA formed results directly from reaction of free enzyme, ATP, and
      isoleucine with tRNA. Similar but less clearcut results are obtained when Mg2+ is
      substituted for spermine. We conclude that isoleucyl adenylate bound to
      isoleucine:tRNA ligase is not a significant intermediate in the synthesis of
      isoleucyl tRNA under these conditions.

PMID- 1092680
TI  - Cross-linking of Escherichia coli succinic thiokinase. I. Reaction with
      diiminoesters and dimaleimides.
AB  - Treatment of the tetrameric alpha2 beta2 protein succinic thiokinase of
      Escherichia coli with dimethylsuberimidate (DMS) yielded five protein species
      detectable by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These
      five protein species had estimated molecular weight values of 29,500, 41,000,
      73,000, 117,000, and 132,000, and corresponded to alpha monomer, beta monomer,
      alpha beta dimer, alpha2 beta trimer and alpha2 beta2 tetramer, respectively. In
      all cases, the cross-linking produced predominantly the 73,000 molecular weight
      dimer with respectively lesser amounts of the tetramer and trimer. Succinic
      thiokinase was also cross-linked by reaction with N, N'-o-phynylenedimaleimide or
      with N, N'-P-phenylenedimaleimide. In these instances, treatment produced the
      alpha beta dimer as the only oligomeric species. Ammonolysis of isolated
      tetramer, trimer, and dimer produced by DMS treatment gave the 29,500 molecular
      weight monomer (alpha monomer) and the 38,500 molecular weight monomer (beta
      monomer). The absence of dimers of like subunits and the predominance of the
      dimer of unlike subunits are consistent with a quaternary structure of the native
      enzyme in which unlike subunits are closely associated but like subunits are not.
      Under certain conditions, an additional dimer of approximately 60,000 molecular
      weight was produced. This appeared to result from cleavage of the beta chain of
      an alpha beta dimer. Phosphorylation of native succinic thiokinase with [gamma
      32P]ATP and [gamma-32P]GTP showed radioactivity only in the alpha monomer.
      Phosphorylation of enzyme before or after cross-linking showed radioactivity in
      all cross-linked bands except the beta monomer. Experiments in which the enzyme
      was titrated with [14C]DMS and trinitrobenzenesulfonate revealed that
      approximately half of the available amino groups reacted with the diiminoester,
      but that a small fraction of these (smaller than 20%) had reacted bifunctionally

PMID- 1092681
TI  - Purification and properties of 7, 8-diaminopelargonic acid aminotransferase.
AB  - The enzyme 7, 8-diaminopelargonic acid aminotransferase utilizes S-adenosyl-L
      methionine to transaminate the biotin precurson 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid and
      form the next intermediate in the pathway, 7, 8-diaminopelargonic acid. The
      enzyme has been purified nearly 1000-fold from an extract of a regulatory mutant
      of Escherichia coli which is derepressed for the enzymes of the biotin operon.
      The extract was treated with protamine sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and subjected
      to acid and heat treatments. Subsequently, the enzyme was chromatographed on
      columns of DEAE-cellulose, phosphocellulose, hydroxylapatite, and two Sephadex G
      100. The resulting purified preparation was judged 86% homogeneous by the
      scanning of of a stained disc gel. The enzymatic activity was associated with the
      major band in gels run at two different gel concentrations and two different pH
      values. The cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate, can be resolved from the enzyme in the
      presence of phosphate buffer after incubation with the amino donor, S-adenosyl-L
      methionine. A molecular weight estimation of 94,000 plus or minus 10, 000 has
      been obtained by gel filtration and sucrose gradient sedimentation studies. Gel
      electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, shows a single subunit
      with a molecular weight of 47, 000 plus or minus 3, 000 indicating a dimeric
      enzyme. A neutral compound was detected in the acidified reaction mixture which
      was derived from the methionine moiety of S-adenosyl-L-methionine and was present
      in amounts equivalent to the 7, 8-diaminopelargonic acid produced in the reaction
      mixture. It is suggested that the keto product of the reaction, i.e. S-adenosyl-2
      oxo-4-methylthiobutyric acid, may decompose nonenzymatically under the conditions
      of the reaction to form 5'-methylthioadenosine and the neutral compound, 2-oxo-3
      butenoic acid.

PMID- 1092682
TI  - Biosynthesis of 7, 8-diaminopelargonic acid from  7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid
      and S-adenosyl-L-methionine. The kinetics of the reaction.
AB  - The transamination of 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid by 7, 8-diaminopelargonic
      acid aminotransferase of Escherichia coli requires S-adenosyl-L-methionine as the
      amino donor. Initial velocity studies of this reaction revealed a parallel
      pattern of reciprocal plots characteristic of a ping-pong mechanism. m-Keto-8
      aminopelargonic acid showed strong substrate inhibition which was competitive
      with S-adenosyl-L-methionine. The Michaelis constants determined for S-adenosyl-L
      methionine and 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid were 0.20 mM and 1.2 muM,
      respectively. The Vmax of 0.16 mumol/mg/min corresponds to a turnover number for
      the enzyme of only 17 molecules/molecule enzyme/min. The Km values for the
      interaction of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate with the
      apoenzyme were determined to be 32 muM and 21 muM, respectively. Two classes of
      inhibitors were observed: (a) those which showed competitive inhibition with
      respect to S-adenosynd (b) those which showed noncompetitive inhibition with
      respect to both substrates. In the former group were S-adenosyl-L-(2-hydroxy-4
      methylthio)butyric acid and adenosine. In the latter were S-adenosyl-L-ethionine,
      adenine, and 8-keto-7-aminopelargonic acid. L-Methionine, S-methyl-L-methionine,
      inosine, and hypoxanthine were not significantly inhibitory. Certain
      conformations of the substrates in the active site of the enzyme have been
      proposed which explain: (a) the requirement for the sulfonium ion of S-adenosyl-L
      methionine for activity but not for binding to the enzyme, and (b) the ability of
      7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid to bind to the pyridoxal form of the enzyme as a
      potent substrate inhibitor.

PMID- 1092683
TI  - The steady state kinetic parameters and non-processivity of Escherichia coli
      deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I.
AB  - A steady state kinetic study of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I has been
      carried out using poly[d(A-T)] as the template-primer substrate. The results of
      substrate saturation and product inhibition kinetic studies suggest an altered
      Ordered Bi Bi mechanism for the enzyme. The Michaelis constants for polymer, d
      atp, and dTTP are 5 nM (3'-OH ends), 1 muM, and 2 muM, respectively. The apparent
      equilibrium constant for the reaction, Keq equals [PPi]/[dNTP], was estimated as
      greater than or equal to 500. No quaternary complex of enzyme, template, and both
      deoxynucleoside triphosphates was detected. Single turnover experiments at 4
      degrees indicated that the enzyme functions non-processively under the specified
      conditions, that is, dissociates after each catalytic step. The results at higher
      temperature were consistent with dissociation within 30 steps. Furthermore, at 4
      degrees a burst of incorporation stoichiometric with the amount of enzyme was
      observed upon initiation of the reaction, indicating that the rate-limiting step
      in the steady state occurs after phosphodiester bond formation. There is a linear
      Arrhenius dependence of the initial reaction on temperature in the range 4-40
      degrees, with an apparent Ea equals 17 kcal/mol. The rate equations appropriate
      for template-dependent polymerases which dissociate after each catalytic step
      have been derived.

PMID- 1092684
TI  - Characterization of fragments of 16 S ribonucleic acid protected against
      pancreatic ribonuclease digestion by ribosomal protein S4.
AB  - Digestion of reconstituted complexes of 16 S RNA and ribosomal protein S4 with
      pancreatic ribonuclease, followed by resolution of the products on polyacrylamide
      gels of low ionic strength, gives rise to a protected ribonucleoprotein fragment
      with a mobility of 7 S. Fingerprinting of the RNA moiety indicates the presence
      of sequences covering the 5' one-third of the 16 S RNA. After its extraction from
      the acrylamide gels, the protected RNA from the complex can be separated into two
      components by sedimentation in sucrose gradients. One of these retains the
      ability to reassociate specifically with S4, as judged from its stoichiometry of
      binding in the presence of excess S4 and from its selection of S4 alone from a
      mixture of unfractionated 30S ribosomal proteins. It spans the same regions of
      the 16 S RNA as the total protected RNA, but lacks an internal sequence of about
      120 nucleotides. This component contains a number of nicks which give rise to
      discrete bands upon electrophoresis in urea. The principal subfragments include
      Sections L through F (230 nucleotides), B through I'' (160 nucleotides), and part
      of section C'' (35 to 40 nucleotides). It is proposed that the binding site for
      S4 lies within these noncontiguous sequences, in support of the hypothesis that
      S4 makes multiple contacts with the 16 S RNA.

PMID- 1092685
TI  - The role of S-adenosylmethionine in the cleavage of deoxyribonucleic acid by the
      restriction endonuclease from Escherichia coli K.
AB  - The restriction endonuclease from Escherichia coli K specifically cleaves foreign
      DNA in the presence of S-adenosylmethionine, ATP, and Mg2+. The role of S
      adenosylmethionine in this reaction has been studied by following the specific
      binding of the enzyme to unmodified DNA. The results indicate that S
      adenosylmethionine acts as an allosteric effector. However, the rate-limiting
      step in the activation of the enzyme is not the binding of the effector itself,
      but an event subsequent to it. The interaction of the S-adenosylmethionine with
      two mutant K restriction endonucleases isolated previously has also been
      investigated. One of them, which is defective in restriction, can be activated in
      a manner similar to the wild type enzyme, while the other one, which lacks both
      restriction and modification activities (due to a mutation in the subunit
      responsible for DNA recognition), shows no such effect.

PMID- 1092686
TI  - Nucleotide sequence determination of bacteriophage T4 species I ribonucleic acid.
AB  - The nucleotide sequence of T4 species I RNA, one of several stable RNA's
      specifically coded for by bacteriophage T4, has been determined using 32-P
      labeled material from T4-infected cultures of Escherichia coli. The purified RNA
      species which has been sequenced has been shown to hybridize well to T4 DNA
      (Wilson J.H., Kim, J.S., and Abelson, J.N. (1972) J. Mol. Biol. 71, 547-556). The
      sequence is:
      pCGAUUCGAGGAAAUAUCUUUGCCGUAAGCCGAGUAGCGUUUUUGACGGAACGUUCGGAUAUGGUUGAGAUAUGGCCUUUU
      AAAUAUUGAGUAGCGUCAACUACUUAAUAACCGGGUUCGAAUCCCGGCGUUUCGU-CAA-OHACA-OH. Species I
      RNA which is 140 nucleotides long is also found to occur in shorter versions with
      135 to 136 nucleotides which terminate with a 3'-phosphate. The molecule can be
      arranged in a secondary structure which shows some striking similarities to the
      classic cloverleaf pattern of a tRNA. The molecule is specifically cleaved by an
      E. coli nuclease into three segments by cleavage at a double-stranded region in
      the molecule. The function of species I RNA is unknown, but evidence presented
      elsewhere (Paddock, G.V., and Abelson, J. (1975) J. Biol. Chem. 250, 4207-4219)
      indicates that the gene for this RNA molecule has been preserved in evolution.
      The position of a mutation within species I RNA has been determined. This
      mutation results in incorrect processing of the RNA and lower relative yields of
      the RNA are present.

PMID- 1092687
TI  - Nucleotide sequence determination of bacteriophage T2 and T6 species I
      ribonucleic acids.
AB  - The nucleotide sequences of species I RNA coded for by bacteriophages T2 and T6
      have been analyzed using 32-P-labeled material from T2 and T6-infected cultures
      of Escherichia coli. The T1 and pancreatic ribonuclease digestion products were
      partially analyzed and the results were compared with nucleotide sequences from
      T4 species I RNA to obtain a minimum estimate of the number of nucleotide
      sequence differences among the three species I RNAs. Analysis of fragments
      obtained by digestion with epsilon-carboxymethyl-lysine-41-pancreatic
      ribonuclease and with E. coli Q13 S30 crude extract was also performed to provide
      some additional confirmation for the nucleotide sequences that were derived for
      the T2 and T6 species I RNAs. T2 species I RNA was found to be different at three
      positions in the nucleotide sequence, and unlike T4 species I RNA, contained in
      addition the modified nucleotide, psi, in a region where the proposed secondary
      structure is identical to the TpsiC-loop of a tRNA. T6 species I RNA was found to
      contain nucleotide differences from the T4 species I RNA sequence at four
      positions. The U at position 119 in the sequence appears to be modified to psi
      only to a small extent. While a biological function for species I RNA is unknown,
      the fact that there is over 97% homology in the sequences suggests strong
      evolutionary pressures to retain the nucleotide sequence in the T-even genomes.

PMID- 1092688
TI  - Localization of D-lactate dehydrogenase in native and reconstituted Escherichia
      coli membrane vesicles.
AB  - In the preceding paper the preparation and characterization of antiserum to
      purified D-lactate are described. In this paper the effects of the antibody on D
      lactate dehydrogenase activity and D-lactate-dependent active transport in native
      Escherichia coli ML 308-225 membrane vesicles and ML 308-225dld-3 vesicles
      reconstituted with D-lactate dehydrogenase are described. The results demonstrate
      that D-lactate dehydrogenase is inaccessible to antibody in native ML 308-225
      vesicles, but readily accessible to antibody in reconstituted dld-3 vesicles. The
      findings indicate that D-lactate dehydrogenase is located on the inner surface of
      native ML 308-225 vesicles and on the outer surface of reconstituted dld-3
      vesicles. The results with the native vesicle preparations also provide further
      evidence that virtually none of the vesicles is inverted or sufficiently damaged
      to allow access of antibody to D-lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, experiments
      are presented which demonstrate that an impermeable electron carrier, reduced 5-N
      methylphenazonium-3-sulfonate, drives active transport in native ML 308-225
      vesicles as well as its permeable analogue reduced phenazine methosulfate. Thus,
      reduction of the respiratory chain from either side of the vesicle membrane is
      able to drive active transport. Ca2+, Mg2+-stimulated ATPase is also inaccessible
      to antibody in ML 308-225 vesicles unless the preparation is subjected to
      ultrasonic sound, incubated in Tris buffer at pH 9.0, or homogenized vigorously.
      Moreover, as opposed to D-lactate dehydrogenase and cytochrome b1, ATPase is
      readily lost from the membrane during the preparation of vesicles.

PMID- 1092689
TI  - Interaction of deoxycholate and of detergents with the coat protein of
      bacteriophage f1.
AB  - The major coat protein of bacteriophage f1, which is localized in the host
      membrane during phage maturation, has a hydrophobic binding site capable of
      binding deoxycholate and a variety of detergents to form a soluble particle, and
      in that respect, resembles many membrane proteins. The soluble particle has
      properties that suggest it is formed by simple insertion of protein into a
      deoxycholate or detergent micelle, but molecular weight measurements show that
      the protein is present as a dimer, even in sodium dodecyl sulfate, indicating the
      existence of unusually strong forces for self-association. A by-product of the
      investigation has been to show that detergents can be very helpful in the
      fractionation of the constituent molecules of the virus: deoxycholate-solubilized
      virus is readily fractionated by gel chromatography into DNA, A protein, and B
      protein, with virtually no cross-contamination.

PMID- 1092690
TI  - Rabies neutralizing antibody determination in tissue culture by direct
      fluorescent antibody technique.

PMID- 1092691
TI  - Evaluation of the animal assay of tuberculin intended for use in humans. I.
      Reproducibility.

PMID- 1092692
TI  - The British Standard for anti-rubella serum.

PMID- 1092693
TI  - A historical review of the histology of patent autogenous vein grafts and vein
      patches.
AB  - The literature on the histological changes occurring in autogenous vein grafts
      and patches was reviewed. Over 307 grafts (235 animal and 72 human) and 30
      patches (28 animal and 2 human) have been described. Grafts were investigated
      from patients who died on the operating table up to 22 years after operation.
      Intimal thickening and various changes in the media (including necrosis and
      replacement fibrosis) occurred. Dilatation of vein grafts has occurred, and
      anerysm formation has been reported. Atheroma has been described in the grafts
      from 5 patients.

PMID- 1092694
TI  - Operations for lymphoedema of the lower limbs. A study of the results in 108
      operations utilizing vascularized dermal flaps.
AB  - The results of operations for lymphoedema of the lower limbs have been reviewed.
      In experienced hands the results are very satisfactory. Modifications of the
      buried dermis flap operation of Thompson have been found to give the best results
      in patients where the local skin has been in good condition. The chief
      complication has been the occurrence of localized areas of necrosis, chiefly at
      the edges of the flaps. It has not been a serious complication but has sometimes
      prolonged the stay in hospital. It has been associated with haematoma formation.
      Methods of avoiding this and other complications are discussed in order to
      improve results still further. There have been no serious complications and no
      deaths in this series.

PMID- 1092695
TI  - Combined treatment of massive haemangioma of the neck and face.

PMID- 1092696
TI  - Traumatic avulsion of the innominate artery. Report of a case an review of
      literature.

PMID- 1092697
TI  - Simplified technique for the insertion of indwelling catheters in the pulmonary
      artery and left atrium.
AB  - A technique for the insertion of Telfon catheters into the pulmonary artery and
      left atrium is described. The method is especially useful for continous
      monitoring of pulmonary artery and left atrial pressures and sampling of mixed
      venous and arterial blood after open or closed heart surgery. No cpmplication
      associated with this technique have occurred in more than 100 clinical cases.

PMID- 1092698
TI  - Cytoplasmic type 80S ribosomes associated with yeast mitochondria. IV. Attachment
      of ribosomes to the outer membrane of isolated mitochondria.
AB  - Growing yeast spheroplasts were shown to have, on the average, four times the
      number of cytoplasmic ribosomes in contact with the outer mitochondrial membrane
      compared to starved spheroplasts. Ribosomes in contact with mitochondria in the
      growing spheroplast preparation, like free cytoplasmic ribosomes, exist primarily
      as polysome structures. In the starved spheroplast preparation, both mitochondria
      bound and free cytoplasmic ribosomes exist primarily as monosomes. Mitochondria
      isolated from growing spheroplasts in a medium containing lmM Mg++ have
      cytoplasmic ribosomes bound directly to the outer membrane. These ribosomes can
      be quantitatively removed by washing the mitochondria with 2 mM EDTA.
      Mitochondria from starved spheroplasts are capable of accepting either free
      cytoplasmic polysomes or cytoplasmic polysomes extracted from mitochondria.
      However, the extent of polysome binding to mitochondria was shown to be a direct
      function of the Mg++ concentration; a smaller percentage of the input polysomes
      bind as the Mg++ concentration is lowered. At 1 mM Mg++, neither free cytoplasmic
      nor mitochondria-bound polysomes bind to mitochondria. Nevertheless, when growing
      spheroplasts are broken and mitochondria isolated in medium containing 1 mM Mg++,
      the mitochondria are seen to have cytoplasmic ribosomes firmly attached to the
      outer membrane. This result, in addition to our earlier data (Kellems, R. E., and
      R. A. Butow. 1974. J. Biol. Chem. 249:3304-3310), support the view that
      cytoplasmic ribosomes attached to the outer membrane of purified mitochondria
      were attached in vivo. In preparations of mitochondria isolated from growing
      spheroplasts, ribosomes appear to be found to specific regions of the outer
      membrane, namely those regions which are in close association or in contact with
      the inner mitochondrial membrane. This is particularly evident with mitochondria
      in a condensed configuration. This finding suggests a mechanism whereby
      cytoplasmically synthesized mitochondrial protein could be transferred by a
      process of vectorial translation across both membranes of the organelle.

PMID- 1092699
TI  - Concanavalin A receptors, immunoglobulins, and theta antigen of the lymphocyte
      surface. Interactions with concanavalin A and with Cytoplasmic structures.
AB  - The effect of concanavalin A (Con A) on the capping of mouse lymphocyte surface
      immunoglobulin (surface Ig), cross-linked by rabbit anti-mouse Ig antibody, and
      on the capping of mouse thymocyte theta antigen, cross-linked by anti-theta
      alloantibody and rabbit anti-mouse Ig antibody, has been studied by
      immunofluorescence, using fluorescein conjugated Con A and rhodamine-conjugated
      anti-mouse Ig antibody, and by electron microscopy, using native or fluorescein
      conjugated Con A and ferritin-conjugated anti-mouse Ig antibody. Prior incubation
      of the cells with Con A inhibited only partially capping os surface Ig, whereas
      it blocked almost completely capping of theta antigens. Both on cells with rings
      and on cells with caps the staining for surface Ig or theta antigen was
      superimposed to the staining for Con A. When Con A receptors on spleen cells were
      capped by Con A at concentrations of 10 mug/ml or higher, and the distribution of
      surface Ig was examined under noncapping conditions, all detectable surface Ig
      were found in the caps. As shown by electron microscopy, surface Ig remained
      dispersed in a layer of Con A. The ability of Con A to cap surface Ig was not
      altered by the presence of cohchicine or vinblastine. These results suggest that
      surface Ig are cross-linked by Con A to other Con A receptors. In these
      conditions surface Ig behave essentially as Con A receptors, as for example, in
      their sensitivity to cytochalasin B during inhibition or reversal of capping
      induced by this drug. The behavior of surface Ig parallels that of Con A
      receptors also in the presence of vinblastine. It is concluded that in the
      presence of Con A, antimitotic drugs do not modify directly the interaction
      between Con A receptors and surface Ig, but probably influence the capping
      ability of the Con A receptors or, more in general, affect the ability to elicit
      movements over the cell surface. The role in capping of cytochalasin-sensitive
      and vinblastine-sensitive structures is discussed. Both types of structures
      appear to play an active role in the formation of a cap, although the former
      probably corresponds to the main mechanical system responsible for the active
      displacement of cytoplasmic and surface material.

PMID- 1092700
TI  - Response of myogenic and fibrogenic cells to cytochalasin B and to colcemid. I.
      Light microscope observations.
AB  - Cytochalasin B (CB) induces a biphasic retraction is some cell types. The rapid
      response that peaks in 30 min leads to the "dendritic" condition. Replicating
      myogenic and fibrogenic cells, as well as postmitotic myoblasts and myotubes,
      participate in this reaction. This is followed by a slower phase that requires 40
      h for stabilization and leads to the fully "absorized" state. Only replicating
      myogenic and fibrogenic cells participate in this reaction. Postmitotic myoblasts
      and myotubes do not arborize but round up and float off into the medium.
      Pretreatment with Colcemid does not block the rapid response to CB, but does
      block arborization. CB-arborized cells exposed to Colcemid while in the presence
      of CB develop sufficient tension to pull themselves apart. If CB depolymerizes
      actin-like filaments, and if such filaments constitute the only contractile
      system in the cell, then it is difficult to visualize how cells in CB develop
      such tension. Colcemid induces twisting, birefringent bands in interphase- and
      metaphase-arrested myogenic and fibrogenic cells, and in postmitotic myotubes.
      Such bands are more evident when CB-arborized cells are removed from CB and
      allowed to relax in Colcemid. These birefringent bands assemble in the prescence
      of cycloheximide, and may constitute 20% of the volume of the cell.

PMID- 1092701
TI  - Nucleolar necklaces in chick embryo fibroblast cells. II. Microscope observations
      of the effect of adenosine analogues on nucleolar necklace formation.
AB  - The round nucleoli of chick embryo fibroblast cells, when exposed to adenosine (2
      mM)or to a number of adenosine analogues, lose material and unravel over a period
      of several hours to become beaded strands, 20 mu M in length, termed nucleolar
      necklaces (NN). Light microscope observations on this process are described.
      Biochemical experiments have revealed that most of these analogues interfere with
      both messenger RNA synthesis and ribosome synthesis, causing extensive
      degradation of the preribosome species containing 32S RNA although most of the
      preribosomes containing 18S RNA survive. We suggest that it is the depletion from
      the nucleolus of the adhesive 32S and 28S RNA preribosomes which allows the
      remaining nucleolar apparatus to spread apart into the NN configuration. Also
      required for the maintenance of the NN structure is the synthesis of some
      ribosomal RNA (rRNA) possibly present as rRNA "feathers" on the DNA. The addition
      of inhibitors of rRNA synthesis such as actinomycin D to the NN-containing cells
      causes loss of rRNA. Then a contraction and collapse of the NN structure into
      small dense spheres is observed.

PMID- 1092703
TI  - Preprosthetic surgery.

PMID- 1092702
TI  - Studies of intercellular invasion in vitro using rabbit peritoneal neutrophil
      granulocytes (PMNS). I. Role of contact inhibition of locomotion.
AB  - Intercellular invasion is the active migration of cells on one type into the
      interiors of tissues composed of cells of dissimilar cell types. Contact
      paralysis of locomotion is the cessation of forward extension of the pseudopods
      of a cell as a result of its collision with another cell. One hypothesis to
      account for intercellular invasion proposes that a necessary condition for a cell
      type to be invasive to a given host tissue is that it lack contact paralysis of
      locomotion during collision with cells of that host tissue. The hypothesis has
      been tested using rabbit peritoneal neutrophil granulocytes (PMNs) as the
      invasive cell type and chick embryo fibroblasts as the host tissue. In organ
      culture, PMNs rapidly invade aggregates of fibroblasts. The behavior of the
      pseudopods of PMNs during collision with fibroblasts was analyzed for contact
      paralysis by a study of time-lapse films of cells in mixed monolayer culture. In
      monolayer culture, PMNs show little sign of paralysis of the pseudopods upon
      collision with fibroblasts and thus conform in their behavior to that predicted
      by the hypothesis.

PMID- 1092704
TI  - Electron-microscopic mapping of AT-rich regions and of E. coli RNA polymerase
      binding sites on the circular kinetoplast DNA of Trypanosoma cruzi.
AB  - Partial alkaline denaturation of the circular kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) of
      Trypanosoma cruzi has shown the existence of 4 small, well-defined AT-rich
      regions with an average size of about 200 base pairs. They are almost equally
      distributed, separated by approximately 90 degrees on the circular molecule. All
      minicircles, whether free or linked in networks, have the same denaturation
      pattern and, therefore, seem to contain the same information. The long linear
      molecules present in low amounts in the kDNA samples do not show the same
      denaturation pattern. Partial denaturation of molecules in larger associations
      indicates that the circular units may be linked to each other by one strand only.
      kDNA can be transcribed in vitro by the RNA polymerase of E. coli. RNA polymerase
      kDNA complexes have been studied in the electron microscope. By spreading the DNA
      protein complexes by adhesion to positively charged carbon films and dark-field
      observation, it was possible to show the existence of 4 specific binding sites of
      the E. coli RNA polymerase on the kDNA circles. Comparing the position of the
      polymerase-binding sites and the AT-rich melted zones, it is suggested that a
      correlation exists between the two. As had been shown in earlier work, the
      replication of circular kDNA can be blocked by treating the trypanosomes with the
      trypanocidal drug Berenil. The comparison of the relative position of the Berenil
      blocked replication forks with the position of the 4 denaturation loops shows
      that the DNA replication is stopped at these AT-rich regions. Since there is
      evidence that Berenil binds preferentially to AT-rich DNA and seems to be
      involved in inhibition of DNA replication, the following hypothetical model can
      be proposed. The replication of the circular kDNA molecules is discontinuous and
      involves the synthesis of RNA primers; when Berenil is bound to the AT-rich
      regions, synthesis of new RNA primers is inhibited and replication is blocked at
      these points, leading to the accumulation of replicating intermediates with
      defined branch lengths.

PMID- 1092705
TI  - [Splenic emergencies and pregnancy].
AB  - The authors report a personal case of spontaneous rupture of the splenic vein
      during pregnancy, already published elsewhere [6], and study again spontaneous
      rupture of the splenic vessels, artery or vein, and rupture of the spleen in
      relation to pregnancy, either during or after labour.  In all, 150 cases were
      found in the world literature.  This is an extremely dangerous surgical
      emergency, and the mother's life is in danger immediately.  We attempted to
      determine the clinical and paraclinical factors which would permit one to lay
      down the early indications for operation in these two emergencies.  Splenectomy
      remains, in all cases, the basis of surgical treatment.  In cases of maternal
      survival, the late, general and obstetric prognosis remains good.

PMID- 1092706
TI  - Conditioning methods of treating childhood asthma.

PMID- 1092707
TI  - Inhibitory action of somatostatin on pancreatic alpha and beta cell function.
AB  - In normal men, the administration of somatostatin almost completely abolished the
      glucose stimulated insulin-release seen during control studies (without
      somatostatin), and caused a further reduction in glucagon secretion beyond that
      induced by hyperglycemia. Following the infusion, there was a rapid and marked
      rebound for insulin but not glucagon secretion. These events were attended by a
      marked retardation of the glucose disappearance rate (K) which exhibited two
      clearly separable components; the initial slow component (mean K equals 0.64)
      coincided with the period of insulin suppression and was followed by a faster
      component (mean K equals 1.37) temporally related to the marked rebound increase
      in insulin release after discontinuation of the somatostatin infusion. Similarly,
      the addition of somatostatin infusion completely blocked the release of insulin
      and growth hormone and delayed the release of glucagon stimulated by arginine
      infusion. Following the somatostatin infusion there was a small rise in GH and a
      marked rebound for insulin and this was associated with a higher level of plasma
      glucose than that found following arginine infusion alone. These data establish
      that the administration of somatostatin can effectively block the release of
      insulin stimulated by arginine and glucose, can attenuate the release of glucagon
      induced by arginine and can enhance the glucose-mediated glucagon suppression.
      The attendance of a relative hyperglycemia during these events is probably the
      net result of an impediment in peripheral glucose disposition due to acute
      insulin lack and a decreased hepatic glucose output secondary to glucagon
      suppression.

PMID- 1092708
TI  - The significance of weight loss in the evaluation of pituitary response to LH-RH
      in women with secondary amenorrhea.
AB  - Sixteen women with amenorrhea occurring in the setting of severe self-imposed
      weight loss and 18 women with secondary amenorrhea due to other causes were given
      LH-RH (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone). Women with weight loss were found
      to be unresponsive to LH-RH when severely underweight. FSH responsiveness
      returned in a linear fashion as weight gain occurred and was not related to
      estrogen levels. LH responsiveness also returned with weight gain although the
      relationship was not linear but exponential and a sudden increase in
      responsiveness occurred at 15% below ideal weight. No relationship to estrogen
      levels could be found. Women who experienced amenorrhea in a setting other than
      weight loss did not demonstrate responsiveness to LH-RH which could be correlated
      with body mass, even when underweight. Women who experienced amenorrhea with
      weight loss had a consistently lower LH response to LH-RH than the second group
      and their LH response was always lower than the FSH response. On the other hand,
      a variety of patterns was found in women with amenorrhea due to other causes.

PMID- 1092709
TI  - Inhibition of luteinizing hormone secretion induced by synthetic LRH by long-term
      treatment with glucocorticoids in human subjects.
AB  - The response of luteinizing hormone to a single injection of synthetic LRH was
      established in 6 women and 7 men following an intramuscular dose of 0.2mg or
      0.1mg. Significant increases  of serum LH were observed in 30 min. Pretreatment
      with metyrapone for one day (4.5 g/sugject injection of synthetic LRH (0.1
      MG/SUBJECT). Seven women, 21-48 years of age who were treated with prednisolone
      for a least 11/2 months were examined for responsiveness of the anterior
      pituitary to a single injection of synthetic LRH (0.2 MG). The secretion of LH
      was markedly suppressed and maximal serum levels of LH WERE OBSERVED 90 MIN
      FOLLOWING LRH injection.

PMID- 1092710
TI  - Isolated deficiency of follicle-stimulating hormone: Further studies.
AB  - We record further studies over the past 2 yr on a unique female subject with
      isolated follicle-stimulating hormone (hFSH) deficiency, who developed human anti
      gFSH antibodies after treatment with exogenous urinary gonadotropins.
      Administration of LRH resulted in a significant rise in serum hLH, but hFSH
      levels remained undetectable, "alpha Subunit" (the common alpha chain of the
      glycoprotein hormones) was detectable in basal samples obtained from our patient,
      and rose sharply after LRH. This is concordant with the hypothesis that the
      defect in our subject may be in the synthesis of the beta chain of hFSH, but it
      does not exclude other possibilities. The concentration of hFSH antibodies in the
      patient's serum has been monitored and her response to a further course of
      exogenous gonadotropins is recorded. The anti serum exhibits specificity for the
      hFSH molecule; the alpha and the beta chains of hFSH are virtually inert in
      competing with tracer 125-I-hFSH for binding to the antibody.

PMID- 1092711
TI  - The diagnosis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
AB  - Computer methods were used to estimate the usefulness of several clinical signs
      and laboratory tests in the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic (Hashimoto's)
      thyroiditis. Information was drawn from the records of 217 patients with this
      disease seen at two hospitals in Southern California. The parameters studied
      included the physical characteristics of the thyroid gland; the appearance of the
      radioisotope thyroid scan; the response to a perchlorate discharge test; the
      serum antithyroglobulin antibody titer; the serum TSH concentration measured by
      radioimmunoassay; the thyroid radioiodine uptake response to exogenous TSH
      stimulation; and the serum PBI-T4I difference. Of the above, the PBI-T4I
      difference was deleted, being of limited value. The TSH stimulation test and
      serum TSH measurement were considered as alternative ways to evaluate thyroid
      reserve. Therefore, five diagnostic markers remained, all useful but not
      definitive. Computer and rule-of-thumb methods (two or more of the five markers
      positive) were tested for successful diagnosis of 145 patients with Hashimoto's
      thyroiditis proven by pathological examination of biopsied tissue; 23 of these
      were patients not used in the original pool of data. As a rule of thumb, it was
      found that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the likely diagnosis if two or more out of
      the five useful markers are in its favor. For best results, four and preferably
      all of the five criteria should be tested. If this is done, the expected
      diagnostic accuracy for patients with Hashimoto's disease is by the rule-of-thumb
      method 67% correct, 21% indecisive, and 12% false negative; by computer methods
      it is 88% correct, 4% indecisive, and 8% false negative. By each method the
      number of false positive diagnoses was equivalent to 25% of the total number of
      patients with this disease. The false positive results nearly all occurred in
      patients with goiter associated with a defect in thyroid hormone synthesis.

PMID- 1092712
TI  - Effect of synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) on the release
      of gonadotropins in Cushing's disease.
AB  - The effect of intravenous synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH)
      on plasma radioimmunoassayable levels of gonadotropins was investigated in 6
      women suffering from Cushing's disease with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. In
      five of six cases no significant variation of plasma LH levels was found
      following stimulation; in one case the response to LH-RH was present although
      slightly reduced below the normal range. By contrast in all cases the plasma FSH
      response was similar to that recorded in normal subjects. The explanation of
      impaired LH response is not clear but the possibility that endogenous
      hypercortisolism affects the pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH has to be
      considered.

PMID- 1092713
TI  - Abnormal pancreatic alpha-cell function in first-degree relatives of known
      diabetics.
AB  - A standard intravenous glucose tolerance test utilizing a 25g glucose load was
      administered to 15 first-degree relatives of known diabetics and 19 normal
      control subjects with no known diabetic relatives. Despite normal glucose
      tolerance, 5 of the first-degree relatives had a significantly lower release of
      first-phase insulin (p 0.05). In contrast to 8 normal subjects and the remaining
      10 first-degree relatives the secretion of glucagon by the 5 first degree
      relatives with abnormally low insulin release was not suppressed by induced
      hyperglycaemia. These findings provide evidence of abnormal alpha-cell function
      in a very early stage of genetic diabetes.

PMID- 1092714
TI  - Studies with human leukocyte lysosomes. Evidence for antilysosome antibodies in
      lupus erythematosus and for the presence of lysosomal antigen in inflammatory
      diseases.
AB  - Human lysosomes were isolated from normal peripheral blood leukoyctes and
      characterized by electron microscopy, enzyme analysis, and assays for DNA and
      RNA. Stored sera from 37 unselected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
      (SLE), including active and inactive, treated and untreated cases, were tested in
      complement fixation (CF) reactions with these lysosome preparations. 23 SLE sera
      exhibited positive CR reactions, as did sera from two patients with "lupoid"
      hepatitis. The seven SLE sera with strongest CF reactivity also demonstrated gel
      precipitin reactions with lysosomes. Neither CF nor precipitin reactions with
      lysosomes were observed with normal sera or with sera of patients with drug
      induced lupus syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), polymyositis, or autoimmune
      hemolytic anemia. By several criteria the antilysosome CF and precipitin
      reactions of SLE sera cound not be attributed to antibody to DNA, RNA, or other
      intracellular organelles. The lysosomal component reactive with SLE sera in CF
      assays was sedimentable at high speed and is presumably membrane associated. The
      CF activity of two representative SLE sera was associated with IgG globulins by
      Sephadex filtration. A search for lysosomal antigen in SLE and related disorders
      was also made. By employing rabbit antiserum to human lysosomes in
      immunodiffusion, a soluble lysosomal component, apparently distinct from the
      sedimentable (membrane-associated) antigen described above, was identified in
      serum, synovial fluid, or pleural fluid from patients with SLE, RA, ankylosing
      spondylitis, and leukemoid reaction. An antigenically identical soluble component
      reactive with the rabbit antiserum could be released in vitro from intact
      lysosomes by repeated freeze-thaw cycles..

PMID- 1092715
TI  - Utilization of cultured human lymphoid cells for detection of humoral
      sensitization in prospective recipients of kidney transplants.
AB  - Prospective recipients of kidney transplants were tested for lymphocytotoxicity;
      from these we selected 102 sera that lacked cytotoxic antibodies against
      peripheral lymphocytes from at least 80 unrelated subjects. To detect humoral
      sensitization, we then reacted these with 17 cultured human lymphoid cell lines
      having different HL-A phenotypes. Cytotoxic antibodies reacting with these
      cultured cells were now detected in some of the sera. These antibodies were not
      directed against HL-A antigens, yet mediated lysis of target cells in the
      presence of rabbit but not of human or guinea pig complement. Furthermore, they
      activated the classical pathway of the rabbit complement system. Later, a
      significant association was found between occurrence of cytotoxic antibodies and
      rejection of the transplant. Thus, cultured human lymphoid cells, because of
      their great susceptibility to complement-mediated lysis, appear to be useful in
      detecting humoral sensitization in candidates for kidney grafts.

PMID- 1092716
TI  - Immunopathological changes in rheumatoid arthritis and other joint diseases.
AB  - A comparative study of the distribution of immunoglobulins G, M, and A and C3 in
      the synovium and inside synovial fluid leucocytes and of the relative levels of
      IgG, IgM, AND C3 in paired samples of serum and synovial fluid from both
      seropositive and seronegative patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other types
      of non-infective synovitis shows that although there is no distinctive
      immunopathological feature of rheumatoid arthritis, the incidence of immune
      complexes containing IgG and IgM with and without detectable C3 in the affected
      synovium or inside synovial fluid granulocytes is higher in rheumatoid arthritis
      and especially so in seropositive cases. The mean level of C3 in synovial fluid
      from patients with rheumatoid arthritis is lower than that from the group without
      rheumatoid arthritis. In contrast to previous reports, extracellular clumps of
      IgA could be detected in the affected synovium of a number of affected patients.
      Aggretated human IgG could be bound by some of the synovial biopsies and synovial
      fluid leucocytes from both seropositive and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis
      patients. Antinuclear factor and rheumatoid factor could be detected in the
      synovial fluid but not in the serum of several patients suggesting either
      selective sequestration or local synthesis of antinuclear and rheumatoid factors
      in the affected joints.

PMID- 1092718
TI  - Isolations of aerobic sporing bacilli from the tips of indwelling intravascular
      catheters.
AB  - Following previous reports of the isolation of aerobic sporing bacilli from
      intravenous catheters and infusion sets, it was decided to analyse a series of
      catheter tip cultures to ascertain the significance of these isolations. Those
      catheters from which aerobic sporing bacilli were isolated behaved statistically
      differently from other catheters from which organisms were isolated, but were
      statistically similar to sterile catheters. Using the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT)
      test no significant difference was found between patients with isolates of
      aerobic sporing bacilli and those with sterile catheters. The NBT test readily
      distinguished those patients from whom other organisms were isolated. In a small
      number of instances some evidence of a possible pathogenic role for the aerobic
      sporing bacillus was found, but the results clearly indicate that in most cases
      these organisms can be regarded as contaminants.

PMID- 1092717
TI  - The distribution of muramidase (lysozyme) in human tissues.
AB  - The distribution of muramidase (lysozyme) in normal and pathological human
      tissues has been studied, using an immunohistological technique. The enzyme was
      demonstrated in a variety of healthy tissues, including serous salivary acinar
      cells, lactating mammary tissue, Paneth cells, renal tubular cells, myeloid cells
      (including eosinophils), and histiocytic cells. In pathological tissues the most
      striking positivity was encountered in reactive histiocytic cells in
      granulomatous conditions such as tuberculosis and Crohn's disease. The finding of
      this study are related to previous reports of the distribution of human and
      animal muramidase and the implications of patterns of muramidase staining in
      pathological histiocytes are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1092719
TI  - Observations on the accuracy of point counting including a description of a new
      graticule.
AB  - The accuracy of point counting as a histometric technique depends very much on
      the number of points counted, and the number necessary varies greatly with both
      the level of accuracy required and the proportion the relevant tissue occupies in
      the section. It is shown that the number of "hits" is a more useful measure than
      the total number of points counted, and a simple rule derived for determining the
      number of hits necessary to achieve any necessary degree of accuracy. A method of
      progressive estimation of accuracy when attempting to measure the proportion of a
      tissue that is unevenly distributed is also described. The point-counting
      graticules commonly used, with 25 points, are inadequate with tissue proportions
      below 10%. A new graticule design, with 100 points optimally distributed, and
      usable as a 25-point array if required, is illustrated.

PMID- 1092720
TI  - Immunofluorescence in duodenal mucosa of children with acute enteritis due to a
      new virus.
AB  - Electron microscopy od duodenal mucosa from children with acute non-bacterial
      enteritis has shown virus particles in epithelial cells. Indirect
      immunofluorescent techniques applied to the same tissue showed virus antigen
      localized in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the villi. Specific IgM
      antibody was present in sera from infected patients as early as two days after
      the onset of symptoms. Virus particles from different patients appeared to share
      a common antigen. The evidence presented supports our belief that this new virus
      was the cause of acute enteritis in the children studied.

PMID- 1092721
TI  - Cell receptor studies on seven cases of diffuse histiocytic malignant lymphoma
      (reticulum cell sarcoma).
AB  - Expression of B and T lymphocyte receptors has been studied in seven cases of
      reticulum cell sarcoma. In one case, surface receptors and tests of phagocytic
      function demonstrated the histiocytic origin of the neoplastic cells. In four
      cases, tumour cells expressed both B and T lymphocyte markers (two cases) or
      showed a normal pattern of expression of B and T lymphocyte markers. In the other
      two cases, lymphocyte receptors were not detected, and there was no evidence of
      phagocytic function: this class of receptor-silent tumours is of uncertain
      pathogenesis. The significance of these observations is discussed.

PMID- 1092722
TI  - Technical method. A simple method for incubating bacterial cultures in
      predetermined concentrations of carbon dioxide.

PMID- 1092723
TI  - Sisomicin: Bacteriological and clinical evaluation.
AB  - A preliminary study was conducted with sisomicin, a new aminoglycoside
      antibiotic. The drug was administered to 40 patients in doses varying from 1.5 to
      3.75 mg/kg/day. Sisomicin proved to be an effective therapy in urinary tract
      infections and to a lesser extent in wound infections caused by gram-negative
      rods; favorable results have been observed in 91.6% and in 66.6% of the patients
      presenting these infections. Toxic reactions involving the hearing function,
      renal function, and general tolerance were infrequent: they occurred in less than
      5% of the patients in this series. (However in approximately 22% of the patients,
      there was a transient appearance of granular casts in the urine.

PMID- 1092724
TI  - The bioavailability of meperidine using urine assays for meperidine and
      normeperidine.
AB  - The results of a two-way crossover trial of two commercial preparations of
      meperidine hydrochloride in 24 healthy volunteers is reported. The urinary
      excretion patterns resulting from dosing with the two preparations were followed
      for 48 hours, and the urine concentrations of meperidine and a major metabolite,
      normeperidine, were determined by gas liquid chromatography. Statistical analysis
      of the data showed no significant difference between the urine concentrations of
      meperidine and normeperidine produced by either preparation, and the preparations
      are of comparable bioavailability. The use of the urinary excretion pattern and
      concentrations represents a rapid, accurate, and quantitative method for
      determining the bioavailability of different preparations of meperidine
      hydrochloride.

PMID- 1092725
TI  - Loxapine in newly admitted chronic schizophrenic patients.
AB  - The standard drug Stelazine (STEL), at a dose of 50 mg/day, exhibited therapeutic
      activity significantly different from placebo (PL) activity on several variables,
      most notably BPRS, attesting to the sensitivity of the experiment. On the other
      hand, the investigational drug, loxapine (LOX), in doses of 100 mg/day for four
      weeks, could be differentiated from PL as treatment in the described population
      on only one variable (NGI-Imp.) and one item of the BPRS. On several variables,
      positive trends were noted, but the differences from PL did not attain the
      critical values necessary for statistical significance at P smaller than 0.05.
      One might speculate that the relatively short duration of treatment in this study
      might account for the difference between these disappointing results and the more
      gratifying results of a previous loxapine study in chronic long-term
      institutionalized schizophrenics with the same oral dose.

PMID- 1092726
TI  - Naproxen: long-term study in rheumatoid arthritis and "placebo pulse".
AB  - Naproxen is by now a relatively well-known antirheumatic drug, and many short
      term studies have shown its efficacy and relatively good tolerance. We have
      observed 64 patients with definite or classical rheumatoid disease, 27 of whom
      have been followed for well over two years on daily doses of naproxen to
      ascertain the persistence of drug efficacy and safety. In this part of our study,
      patients were subjected to complete clinical and biochemical evaluations at two
      monthly intervals. Naproxen was well tolerated, and the few side effects reported
      were transient and mild in nature. Sequential laboratory studies revealed no
      significant anomaly. Clinical evaluation showed no pattern suggestive of
      decreasing antirheumatic activity. A question frequently encountered in the
      treatment of certain diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis is whether long-term
      improvement is due to efficacious suppressive therapy or spontaneous abatement of
      disease activity. We devised a double-blind placebo pulse phase in which 19 of
      our 28 long-term patients participated in a study within a study lasting four
      weeks. They were divided into two groups. The first group took their usual dose
      of naproxen during the first two weeks and a corresponding number of placebo
      tablets in the next two weeks. The procedure was reversed in the other group. We
      conclude that naproxen remains efficacious.

PMID- 1092727
TI  - Naproxen and aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis: a multicenter double-blind
      crossover comparison study.
AB  - One hundred nineteen adults with active definite or classical rheumatoid
      arthritis were studied in a multicenter double-blind crossover study of naproxen
      (500 mg/day) and aspirin (3.6 Gm/day). Each drug was given in sequence for a six
      week study period. Patients already receiving corticosteriod and/or gold therapy
      were maintained at constant dose throughout the study, but analgesics and other
      nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents were discontinued at baseline. Objective and
      subjective evaluations by both investigator and patient were carried out at two
      week intervals. No significant difference in global evaluation of efficacy or
      individual measures of efficacy was observed between aspirin and naproxen
      therapy, although physicians' global evaluation tended to favor naproxen.
      Sedimentation rate was lower on aspirin (naproxen 43.1 mm/hr; aspirin 38.7 mm/hr;
      P=0.02). Naproxen, 250 mg twice daily, was significantly better tolerated than
      aspirin, 900 mg four times daily. Mild, moderate, and severe side effects were
      less frequent with naproxen. The incidence of heartburn was significantly lower
      on naproxen, and significantly fewer patients terminated their six-week study
      period on naproxen than on aspirin. There were no significant deviations from
      baseline values in hematocrit, white cell or differential counts, or in tests of
      renal and hepatic function during the course of the study.

PMID- 1092728
TI  - A double-blind comparison of naproxen with indomethacin in osteoarthrosis.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with osteoarthrosis of one or both knee joints and 28
      patients with osteoarthrosis of one or both hips completed a double-blind trial
      of 500 mg naproxen daily versus 100 mg indomethacin daily. All patients had been
      on other active medication up to the start of the trial. Identical trial designs
      were followed with both classes of patients, namely, a crossover pattern of four
      weeks on each drug with patients being assessed at -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks.
      Assessments made included objective measurement of joint range, stair climbing
      and walking times, and subjective grading of pain present during normal activity,
      of which the patient kept a daily record. Patients were also questioned at each
      clinic visit regarding possible side effects. Study groups were comparable for
      both drugs. In the majority of subjective and objective parameters, there were
      significant improvements from baseline on both drugs of statistically comparable
      magnitude. Significantly fewer side effects were noted during the period on
      naproxen compared with those on indomethacin. There were no abnormalities
      discovered in hematologic or biochemical tests performed during the course of the
      trial.

PMID- 1092729
TI  - Ankylosing spondylitis: open long-term and double-blind crossover studies with
      naproxen.
AB  - Participation in open and double-blind crossover studies in rheumatoid arthritis
      confirmed that naproxen improved pain and stiffness. This observation suggested
      that naproxen might be effective in ankylosing spondylitis. The initial trial was
      open, but at six months, a double-blind crossover "placebo pulse" was
      superimposed on the open trial. Thirty-six patients entered the trial taking a
      daily dose of 500 mg naproxen. At the end of the first month, 35 assessed
      naproxen as being equally effective to, or better than, previous therapy. The
      first ten patients to complete six months on naproxen took part in a placebo
      pulse study comprising two consecutive four-week periods, in one of which each
      patient took 500 mg naproxen, in the other, identical placebo capsules, the order
      being randomized. Eight patients correctly identified the placebo capsules
      (P=0.02). During the 16 months of trial, six patients have withdrawn, two being
      in remission and four for lack of efficacy. The remaining 30 patients have
      completed six months and 22 have completed at least 12 months on naproxen. At the
      end of six months pain was less (P=0.02), morning stiffness had decreased (P less
      than 0.01), and immobility stiffness had improved (P less than 0.01). These
      patients are impressed by the improvement in pain and stiffness and have little
      disability. All continue full-time employment and have been able to increase
      their leisure activities without discomfort. No persistent side effects were
      observed, and naproxen appears to be a useful drug in the treatment of anklyosing
      spondylitis.

PMID- 1092730
TI  - The treatment of acute gout with naproxen.
AB  - The effectiveness of naproxen in the management of acute gouty arthritis was
      assessed in an open study of 20 patients. These patients were selected on the
      basis of their clinical presentation of characteristic acute arthritis associated
      in 19 with concomitant hyperuricemia. There were 17 men and three women varying
      in age from 35 to 89 years. The first 12 patients were treated with 600 mg
      naproxen initially, followed by 300 mg every 8 hours for the first 48 hours and
      then tapered or discontinued depending upon their clinical response. The last
      eight patients received a loading dose of 750 mg naproxen, followed by 250 mg
      every 8 hours for a duration of 72 hours before tapering the drug. The response
      of 15 of the 20 was either excellent or good, while the response was fair in
      three and poor in two. Poor responders had been failures in other regimens or
      were treated late in the course of their attack. The higher loading dose was
      associated with more rapid and satisfactory remission. No significant undesirable
      side effects were observed. On the basis of this study, naproxen was found
      effective in alleviating the inflammation of acute gout.

PMID- 1092731
TI  - Naproxen: corticosteroid-sparing effect in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Ambulatory patients with a diagnosis of "classical" or "definite" active adult
      rheumatoid arthritis were selected. They had been stabilized for at least six
      months previously with oral administration of paramethasone acetate plus various
      analgesics and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. During an initial period
      of two to five weeks, the paramethasone dosage was adjusted and other medications
      replaced by placebo to find the minimum required to keep the patient at a level
      similar to the one at the beginning of the study. Subsequently, with the double
      blind method, the effect of 400 mg naproxen daily was compared with placebo,
      making periodic and progressive reductions in the corticosteroid dosage, unknown
      to the patient, until a tolerable minimum was found. The average total
      observation time was 14 weeks. Results obtained in the first 28 patients showed
      an average reduction of 57 per cent in paramethasone dose for the group treated
      with naproxen, versus 21 per cent for the control group. One patient experienced
      euphoria which could possibly have been related to the test drug. It is concluded
      that naproxen possesses a significant corticosteroid-sparing effect with
      negligible toxicity.

PMID- 1092732
TI  - An open trial of naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis patients with significant
      esophageal, gastric, and duodenal lesions.
AB  - To confirm the reported lack of major gastrointestinal side effects of naproxen,
      we gave 58 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis and significant
      gastrointestinal disease therapeutic doses of naproxen while closely monitoring
      them for signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal dysfunction. All patients
      underwent upper gastrointestinal x-ray examinations at the start of the trail,
      and, when indicated, during the course of the study. Endoscopies were also
      performed when indicated. Forty patients had hiatus hernia and 35 had peptic
      ulcer (23 duodenal ulcer and 12 gastric ulcer). Twenty-six patients had a
      combination of hiatus hernia with either type of peptic ulcer. After 262 patient
      visits over a period of 52 weeks, 35 patients remained in the study, all having
      had more than six months of naproxen therapy in dosages ranging from 500 to 750
      mg daily. In 33 of the 35, the response to naproxen had generally been good to
      excellent. Only seven patients dropped out of the trial because of complaints
      referable to side effects. There were no major related upper gastrointestinal
      side effects as monitored by continuing clinical evaluation, stool occult blood,
      comprehensive laboratory examination, and, where indicated, upper
      gastrointestinal x-ray studies. Approximately 70 per cent of the patients
      demonstrated efficacy on long-term naproxen therapy by subjective and objective
      parameters. Naproxen appears to be an efficacious and remarkably safe drug in the
      long-term therapy of rheumatoid arthritis, even in the presence of significant
      upper gastrointestinal symptomatology.

PMID- 1092733
TI  - Color-specific interconnections of cones and horizontal cells in the retina of
      the goldfish.
AB  - In Golgi preparations of goldfish retina we have observed three types of
      horizontal cell which receive exclusively from cones and one which receives
      exclusively from rods. The cone horizontal cells were designated H1, H2 and H3,
      in order of increasing dendritic spread, increasing separation from the outer
      synaptic layer, decreasing size of perikaryon, and decreasing density of cone
      contacts. Slender appendages with knobby terminal enlargements project 
      horizontal cells by alalyzing serial 1 mum sections with the light microscope.
      The probable inputs, in terms of visual pigments in the cones which contact them,
      are: H1, red+green+blue; H2, green+blue; H3, blue. Analysis of previously
      published work suggests (1) that H1 cells generate monophasic or L-type
      responses, H2 cells generate biphasic or C1-type responses, and H3 cells generate
      triphasic or C2-type responses; (2) that H1 cells receive direct functional input
      at least from red-sensitive cones, H2 cells from green-sensitive cones, and H3
      cells from blue-sensitive cones, and (3) that H1 constitute pathways from cones
      to H2 cells, and H2 cells, and H2 cells constitute pathways from cones and H1
      cells to H3 cells. The precise location and route of the transfers, from H1 to H2
      and from H2 to H3, are not yet known.

PMID- 1092734
TI  - Horizontal cell axons and axon terminals in goldfish retina.
AB  - Retinas of ordinary and black moor varieties of goldfish (Carassius auratus) were
      prepared by the Golgi method, mounted flat or sectioned vertically, and studied
      in the light microscope. Three types of horizontal cells whose dendrites contact
      only cones, and one type whose dendrites contact only rods, were observed. The
      cone horizontal cells (Cajal's "external horizontal cells") all have slender
      axons which descend gradually to the inner nuclear layer and terminate there in
      long, fusiform expansions (Cajal's "internal horizontal cells"). The thin and
      thick portions of the axons, as well as the perikarya of the horizontal cells,
      bear small numbers of straight, horizontally-directed, knobby filamentous
      appendages which may be sites of synaptic contact. The cone horizontal cell axons
      in goldfish, unlike those in higher vertebrates, do not terminate in contact with
      synaptic endings of photoreceptor cells, but in proximity to cells and processes
      deep in the inner nuclear layer. Axons have not yet been demonstrated on rod
      horizontal cells in goldfish.

PMID- 1092735
TI  - The basilar pontine gray of the opossum: a correlated light and electron
      microscopic analysis.
AB  - Neurons within the basilar pontine gray (BPG) of the American opossum can be
      subdivided into four major nuclei which are named medial, lateral, ventral and
      peripeduncular in accordance with previous studies. In addition, several smaller
      subnuclei, such as the median and dorsolateral cell groups, are present, as well
      as two longitudinal columns of neurons within the ventral nucleus. Neurons in the
      BPG range in size from 9 to 35 mu and appear randomly distributed so that none of
      the subdivisions contains exclusively nerve cells of the same perikaryal
      dimension. Projection neurons as shown in Golgi impregnations have a variable
      dendritic pattern; those in peripeduncular zones exhibit dendrites closely
      applied to the surface of the cerebral peduncle, whereas those in other regions
      generally have a radial type of arrangement. Certain projection neurons can be
      distinguished on the basis of their dendritic surface, which bears either claw
      like protrusions or stalked appendages. Smaller nerve cells measuring less than
      18 mu may be intrinsic neurons, since axon-like processes arise from their
      dendrites and course for some distance near the parent cell before becoming thin
      and beaded. Ultrastructural observations show profiles of neurons comparable in
      size to those seen in Golgi impregnations and suggest at least four classes of
      presynaptic profiles. One category ranges in size from 2 to 8 mu, contains round
      vesicles (average diameter 450 A) and characteristically forms multiple
      asymmetric synaptic contacts with several small postsynaptic profiles, some of
      which appear to be the dendritic claws mentioned above. The other three types of
      axon terminals measure less than 2 mu in their greatest dimension and are
      distinguished by their synaptic vesicles; one group containing round vesicles
      with an average diameter of 380 A, a second group exhibiting larger round
      vesicles with an average diameter of 500 A and a third group containing flatened
      or eliptical vesicles. Transection of the superior cerebellar peduncle produces
      early filamentous and later electron dense degenerative changes in some, but not
      all, of the larger types of presynaptic profiles. Subsequent to large motor
      sensory cortex ablations both filamentous and dark degenerating profiles are
      simultaneously observed at all survival times. In one case with a cortical lesion
      restricted to the motor-sensory cortex, mainly dark degenerating terminals are
      apparent in the ipsilateral pontine gray, whereas in a lesion confined to the
      visual cortex only filamentous degeneration was observed. It is suggested,
      therefore, that some of the dark degenerating profiles represent the terminals of
      collaterals of corticospinal axons and the filamentous boutons are terminal
      expansions of direct corticopontine fibers.

PMID- 1092736
TI  - The pattern of ocular dominance columns in macaque visual cortex revealed by a
      reduced silver stain.
AB  - A pattern of alternating dark and pale bands was observed in the striate cortex
      of the macaque monkey. The bands, which ran parallel to the surface, were seen in
      tangential sections stained with a reduced silver method for normal fibers and
      were most clear in layer 4C alpha, immediately deep to the line of Gennari. The
      dark bands were about 300 mu wide and showed blind endings and bifurcations. The
      light bands were about 50 mu wide and did not branch or terminate within area 17.
      Because the dark bands were similar in width to the bands of terminal
      degeneration which have been shown to result from single-layer lesions of the
      lateral geniculate body, it seemed possible that they corresponded to ocular
      dominance columns. To test this idea, the boundaries of ocular dominance columns
      were marked in a physiological experiment: tangential electrode penetrations were
      made in an anesthetized monkey and, as the electrode was advanced horizontally in
      the fourth layer, the eye preference of single units and of the background
      activity was monitored. Small electrolytic lesions were placed at the points
      where a change in eye preference occurred. The brain was subsequently fixed,
      sectioned tangentially and stained with the silver method. All the lesions--total
      of 12 --fell directly on the pale bands. Moreover, the electrode had not passed
      over any pale bands without a lesion being placed. It was concluded that the dark
      bands do correspond to single ocular dominance columns and the pale bands to the
      boundaries between columns. The banding appearance is due to a greater density of
      tangential fibers within columns than at the borders of columns. These tangential
      fibers are in part the preterminal arborizations of geniculocortical axons, since
      some of them have been shown to degenerate after geniculate lesions. The ocular
      dominance columns were mapped for most of the striate cortex, using serial
      tangential sections stained with the silver method. The overall pattern was
      ,imilar in several monkeys, though the details of the branching arrangements
      varied from animal to animal. The columns met the 17-18 border at right angles.
      On the outer surface of the hemisphere the columns converged from the 17-18
      border, turned medially with repeated fusions of columns, and streamed over the
      lip of the calcarine fissure. In the roof of the fissure they met a second system
      of columns oriented parasagittally. In terms of the visual field, the columns ran
      roughly horizontally for the central 10 degrees of the field, and
      circumferentially beyond that. The columns were not mapped in the stem of the
      fissure, the area corresponding to the far periphery of the field. The constancy
      of column width across the cortex probably allows a functional matching between
      ocular-dominance and orientation columns.

PMID- 1092737
TI  - Experimental polyarthritis in rats produced by Mycoplasma arthritidis.

PMID- 1092738
TI  - Primary sequence of beta, gamma, and caseins.

PMID- 1092740
TI  - Efficiency of conversion of digested energy to milk.

PMID- 1092739
TI  - Structure and stability of casein micelles.
AB  - The structure and stability of casein micelles are determined in large measure by
      the amino acid sequences of the constituent alphas1-, beta-, and kappa- caseins.
      In this paper we review, and attempt to connect with sequence data where
      possible: (1) molecular weight, structure, and dissociation of casein micelles;
      (2) physical characteristics of monomeric caseins, especially the distrubition of
      charged and hydrophobic residues and the possible occurrence of helical regions;
      and (3) forces involved in association of monomers.

PMID- 1092741
TI  - Dental materials: 1973 literature review.

PMID- 1092742
TI  - Denture foundation: a consideration of certain aspects of the displacement of and
      the pressure distribution within, the mucoperiosteum.

PMID- 1092743
TI  - Women in dentistry--a tradition with the McGuires.

PMID- 1092744
TI  - A patient survey of denture tolerance before and after a mandibular
      vestibuloplasty with skin grafting.
AB  - Thirty-six patients were examined by two prosthodontistis after a mandibular
      vestibuloplasty with skin grafting to determine whether there was a significant
      improvement in these patients ability to tolerate their dentures. Previous
      published reports have been made only by oral surgeons. The results indicate that
      this procedure is a reliable treatment modality for patients who complain of
      looseness, poor masticatory function, and pain.

PMID- 1092745
TI  - Polymers used in dentistry. II. Resins containing BIS-GMA: coating and cementing
      uses. Council on Dental materials and Devices.

PMID- 1092746
TI  - Hospital dental service: a clinical evaluation to determine its justification.
AB  - A research study was undertaken to determine the importance of a hospital dental
      service in civilian hospitals. Two hundred hospitalized patients were evaluated
      to determine their oral health status and possible effects of poor oral health on
      related physical situations. Both cental caries and periodontal disease were
      prelavlent in the hospital patient population, and 83.5% of the patients suffered
      from some type of oral pathosis that required treatment. Hospital dental care is
      important, not only for the health and improvement of the total patient but also
      for the hospital to provide complete patient care.

PMID- 1092747
TI  - Continuing dental education requirements for state dental relicensure and
      constituent society membership.

PMID- 1092748
TI  - Management of gallstones in the aged.
AB  - Calculous gallbladder disease is the most common indication for intra-abdominal
      surgery in the elderly.  Feeding bile salts may possibly increase the solubility
      of cholesterol in bile and may cause diminution in the size of radiolucent
      gallstones, the principal ingredient of which is cholesterol.  However,
      indications for such treatment are still not clear, and long-term effectiveness
      and safety still have to be evaluated.  If the aged patient with gallstones has
      severe symptoms, is a good medical risk and is not demented, surgical treatment
      should not be denied because of advanced age.  If the patient has "silent" or
      "dyspeptic" gallstones and is a poor risk or demented, surgical therapy should be
      postponed at least temporarily, in the hope that medical methods for dissolving
      gallstones soon will be perfected.

PMID- 1092749
TI  - Withdrawn, apathetic geriatric patients responsive to methylphenidate.
AB  - A double-blind randomized study showed that methylphenidate, as compared to
      placebo, was singularly effective in 44 withdrawn, apathetic geriatric patients. 
      Study selection and exclusion criteria were rigidly enforced.  Patients receiving
      methylphenidate in a dosage of 20 mg daily improved significantly over a period
      of six weeks as measured by results of tests for mental status, ward behavior
      (nursis' rating), target-symptom response, and physician's and nurses' global
      evaluations.  For this reason and because there were no side effects, this form
      of antidepressant therapy should be considered in the treatment of previously
      unresponsive or oversedated patients.

PMID- 1092750
TI  - Comments on the American Pharmaceutical Association on proposed rulemakings.

PMID- 1092751
TI  - Recent advances in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 1092752
TI  - Osteopathic education, 1899, part 2.

PMID- 1092753
TI  - Quantitation of isolated rat islets of Langerhans on the basis of
      deoxyribonucleic acid content under metabolic conditions of altered protein
      synthesis.
AB  - A micromethod was employed to estimate quantitatively and reproducibly the
      deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content of isolated rat islets of Langerhans. The DNA
      content per islet varied linearly with the mean diameter or the dry weight of the
      islets isolated. The DNA in the freeze-dried islets of male Sprague-Dawley or
      Wistar rats was about 21.0 mug/mug islet dry weight. Three to four weeks after
      hypophysectomy, with or without short term bovine growth hormone replacement, the
      DNA content per unit dry weight of islets was not significantly altered. Islet
      DNA content and islet dry weight are proposed as an interconvertible and reliable
      basis of reference for measurements of different islet functions.

PMID- 1092754
TI  - Study of rickettsioses in Slovakia. I. Coxiella burneti and Rickettsiae of the
      spotted fever (SF) group in ticks and serological surveys in animals and humans
      in certain selected localities in the Lucenec and V. Krtis districts.
AB  - A study of the natural focus character of Q fever and the rickettsiosis caused by
      organisms of the SF group carried out in 1971-1973 in 7 selected villages in the
      Lucenec district and in a few control villages in the V. Krtis district, produced
      the following results: Among a total number of 2,200 ticks belonging to the
      species Dermacentor marginatus, Ixodes ricinus and Haemaphysalis punctata and
      tested for the presence of rickettsial organisms by the haemocyte test, C.
      burneti was detected in 8 from the chosen localities--in 2 females and 1 male of
      D. marginatus in Luborec, in 1 2. ricinus female in Maskova and in 1 female and 3
      males of I. ricinus in Pincina--and in 5 from the control localities--in 1 D.
      marginatus female in Prebelce and in 3 females and 1 male of D. marginatus in V.
      Lom.

PMID- 1092755
TI  - New concepts on tetanus immunization: naturally acquired immunity.
AB  - Comments were made on misinterpretations concerning the natural resistance and
      natural immunization against tetanus. Arguments were given explaining why the
      disease itself did not determine adequate immunity. When, however, adequate
      conditions appear, tetanus toxin is known to stimulate the immune system and
      produce detectable humoral antibodies. Various possibilities resulting from the
      postulated harboring of tetanus bacilli by the human body and their eventual
      toxin production were analyzed and related to the human tetanus pathology. The
      existence of natural immunization was unquestionably demonstrated by presence of
      protective levels of tetanus antitoxin in the blood of the majority of 59
      surveyed subjects considering that none of them had ever received any tetanus
      toxoid and most of them never received a single shot of any drug. The results of
      this survey originated a few arguments that may support the answer to some still
      intriguing phenomenona such as: 1. The relatively small number of cases of overt
      disease among people and animals born and living in large tetanus-risk regions
      all over the world. 2. The existence of "poor responders" and "good responders"
      to the primary tetanus toxoid stimulus. 3. The age distribution of tetanus
      showing evident prevalence among newborns and children. 4. The wide individual
      variations in the clinical picture of human tetanus as indicated by the
      localization and limitation of the symptoms and their severity.

PMID- 1092756
TI  - Complex surveillance of Streptococcus pyogenes. I. Immunological surveys of anti
      M antibodies and possibilities of long-term epidemiological prognosis.
AB  - The results of complex surveillance of Streptococcus pyogenes, based on mass
      infections in the Czechoslovak army over a period of 11 years, are submitted. The
      epidemiological method revealed an incidence of cycles, lasting several years, of
      predominant pairs of T types, most of which could not be typed by their M
      protein. Auxiliary immunological surveys allowed the biological M activity of
      widespread strains to be estimated and probably form a basis for considerations
      on a negative long-term epidemiological type prognosis. The preliminary results
      presented offer prospects for a realistic methodological approach to the question
      of the type content of a future antistreptococcal vaccine.

PMID- 1092757
TI  - Thymic involution: effect on T cell differentiation.
AB  - The thymus of long-lived BC3F mice involutes progressively throughout life,
      beginning at 6 weeks of age. This is manifested by the loss of cortical lymphoid
      mass and by the degenerative changes in epithelial cells. The purpose of this
      study was to determine to what extent age-related degenerative changes of the
      thymus affect its capacity to influence the maturation of thymic-derived (T)
      cells. Accordingly, thymic lobes of mice ranging in age from 1 day to 33 months
      were implanted under the kidney capsule of T cell-deprived syngeneic young adult
      TXB mice, and the emergence of T cells was assessed kinetically by various
      morphologic and functional indices which may be reflective of different T cell
      subpopulations. They are: a) histology of the thymsu graft, b) lymphocyte
      repopulation of the T cell-dependent areas of lymph nodes, c) total number of
      splenic lymphocytes carrying theta antigens (theta-+), d) T cell-dependent
      humoral immune response and e) proliferative response of splenic cells to plant
      lectins, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and succinyl-concanavalin A (s-Con A), and
      allogeneic lymphocytes. The results revealed that the T cell-transforming
      influence of thymic tissues generally decreases with increasing age. The
      difference in the patterns of recovery of the various indices of thymus-grafted
      TXB mice suggests that the extent to which T cells can mature is dependent upon
      the degree of involution the thymic tissue has undergone with age. In particular
      thymic tissues lose the capacity to influence the following functions with
      advancing age: 1) lymphocyte repopulation of the T cell-dependent areas of lymph
      nodes; 2) mitogenic reactivity of splenic cells to T cell-specific mitogens (PHA
      and s-Con A): 3) number of splenic theta-+ lymphocytes and splenic T cell helper
      function; and 4) mitogenic reactivity of splenic T cells to allogeneic
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1092758
TI  - Development of B lymphocytes. I. Cell populations and a critical event during
      ontogeny.
AB  - The ontogeny of Ig(+), theta(+) and "null" (Ig-, theta-) lymphocytes in the mouse
      spleen was followed. An event was found at about 10 days after birth when the
      percentage of Ig(+) lymphocytes in the spleen begins to rise sharply, and the
      percentage of "null" lymphocytes falls. The Ig(+) lymphocytes before and after
      this event were then evaluated by four criteria pertaining to B cells. Three of
      these, the presence of C3 receptors, "capping" behavior, and the amount and/or
      disposition of surface Ig distinguished the Ig(+) lymphocytes before the event
      described from those present afterward. The fourth criterion, the presence of Fc
      receptors, did not distinguish between the early and mature forms of Ig(+)
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1092759
TI  - Rejection of mammary adenocarcinoma cell tumors in DBA/2 mice immunocompromised
      by thymectomy and treatment with antithymocyte serum.
AB  - Syngeneic mammary adenocarcinoma cells were mixed with  killed Corynebacterium
      parvum organisms and were then transplanted subcutaneously into groups of normal
      and immunocompromised mice. The tumors formed at the site of injection exhibited
      normal growth for approximately 12 days followed by rapid and lasting rejection
      in both normal and immunocompromised animals. The control mice were protected
      against reinjections of 10-4 to 10-8 cells of the same line of tumor cells. The
      immunocompromised mice exhibited protection to reinjection of 10-4 cells of the
      tumor line initially employed. Microscopic examination of histologic sections of
      10-day-old tumors in immunocompromised mice arising from administration of tumor
      cells and C.parvum mixtures revealed infiltration of only macrophages whereas
      those from normal animals exhibited both macrophages and lymphocytes. The data
      suggested that primary rejection of these tumors in immunocompromised mice may be
      the result of macrophage activity together with humoral immunity. These studies
      also revealed that 59 to 75% of immunocompromised mice exhibit protection against
      reinjection of the same line of tumor cells if twice-weekly treatment (i.p.) with
      killed C. parvum was included after inoculation of tumor cells mixed with C.
      parvum vaccine. These mice, unlike their saline-treated peers, exhibit delayed
      hypersensitivity reactions which are associated with proliferation of theta
      antigen-bearing lymphocytes. They also have intact tumor-directed humoral immune
      reactions.

PMID- 1092760
TI  - Pathogenesis of rabies in immunodeficient mice.
AB  - The HEP and ts2 strains of rabies virus inoculated intracerebrally into adult
      mice normally cause clinically inapparent infection. In the experiments
      described, this is converted into a lethal infection by immunosuppression with
      cyclophosphamide, which also prevented induction of immunity with vaccine. Lethal
      infection of HEP-inoculated mice was also observed in mice treated with
      antihymocytic serum, and in athymic (BALB/c-nu) nude mice.

PMID- 1092762
TI  - Harold D. Caylor, M.D.

PMID- 1092761
TI  - Immunoglobulin biosynthesis in myeloma-associated and casein- and endotoxin
      induced murine amyloidosis.
AB  - Amyloidosis was induced in C57BL mice by daily injections of casein and in BALB/c
      mice by daily injections of endotoxin. There was no obvious disorder of
      immunoglobulin biosynthesis by spleen lymphocytes in these mice either before,
      during the development of, or in the amyloidotic stage. The pattern of
      immunoglobulin synthesis, assembly, and secretion was unaltered, the relative
      amount of heavy and light chains produced was normal, and there was an absence of
      immunoglobulin polypeptide chain fragments. Small amounts of amyloid were present
      in only 1 of 19 BALB/c and C3H mice (the IgG2a producing MOPC 173 tumor) bearing
      immunoglobulin-producing myeloma tumors and variants of these tumors. There was
      no relationship between excess light chain production by tumor plasma cells or
      spleen lymphocytes and the development of amyloidosis and there were no light
      chain fragments demonstrable. Antiserum prepared against casein-induced amyloid
      cross-reacted by immunofluorescence with the amyloid present in the MOPC 173
      tumor-bearing mice, indicating the presence of common antigenic determinants in
      these two forms of amyloid. Attempts to study the biosynthesis of amyloid with
      incorporation of radioactively labeled amino acids were unsucessful.

PMID- 1092764
TI  - Membership roster Indiana State Medical Association.

PMID- 1092763
TI  - Truman E. Caylor, M.D.

PMID- 1092765
TI  - Protective studies with a group A streptococcal M protein vaccine. II. Challange
      of volenteers after local immunization in the upper respiratory tract.
AB  - Twenty-one adult volunteers were immunized at monthly intervals with three doses
      of purified type 1 M protein of group A Streptococcus. The soluble vaccine in
      buffer was administered by aerosol spray into the nares and oropharynx; 23
      control subjects received a buffer placebo in the same manner. Antibody responses
      were observed in sera and nasal washings of some but not all vaccines.
      Approximately 30 days after  the last dose,  all subjects were challenged with
      homologus streptococci applied by swab to the phayngeal-tonsillar areas. In a
      double-blind system of evaluation, physical signs and symptoms were followed for
      assessment of infection. Illness was  defined on the basis of a positive throat
      culture, fever, a twofold increase in white blood cell count over baseline,
      exudative pharyngitis, and cervical adenopathy. By these criteria four vaccinees
      and 11 controls were obviously ill. One vaccinee and six controls were
      questionably ill, fulfilling some but not all of the criteria. sixteen vaccinees
      and six controls were not ill (P less than 0.001). Positive throat cultures were
      observed in five vaccines and 19 controls (P less than 0.001). Penicillin was
      administered five days after challenge. No poststreptoccal sequelae or other
      complication were observed. Thus local immunization with M protein apparently can
      prevent both colonization and clinical illness after challenge with homologous
      streptococci.

PMID- 1092766
TI  - The diffusion and concentration of trimethoprim in human vaginal fluid.
AB  - Colonization of the vaginal introitus with Enterobacteriaceae was cleared
      dramatically in women receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for recurrent
      urinary tract infections. Vaginal fluid was collected from seven women; five of
      the seven had two vaginal fluid collections each while on full-dose therapy
      (total, 10 samples), and five had two or more collections each while on
      prophylactic, low-dose therapy (total, 14 samples). Bactericidal concentrations
      of trimethoprim were found in all samples of vaginal fluid, often exceeding the
      serum level by severalfold. Sulfamethoxazole was either undetectable or present
      only in fractional concentrations.

PMID- 1092767
TI  - Disseminated candidiasis. i. an experimental model in the guinea pig.
AB  - A model of experimental disseminated candidiasis was developed in the guinea pig;
      Candida albicans was injected intraperitoneally or intravenously. The kidney was
      the most severely affected organ, with maximal colony counts of 26,208 plus or
      minus 9,152 colony-forming units/g of tissue five days after a sublethal
      inocluation (one-sixth of the 50% lethal dose) of viable organisms. The heart was
      the next most severely affected organ, and other organs were affected little.
      Histologic studies confirmed the data from colony counts and showed a progression
      of inflammation similar to that seen in human disease. A leukocytosis
      predominantly of mononuclear cells, and to a lesser degree of granulocytes,
      occurred and was maximal four days after inoculation. This model will provide the
      framework for a series of future studies of the various factors important in
      natural host defense against infection with Candida, as well as the effects of
      various immunosuppressive agents, particularly corticosteroids, on the
      development and expression of immunity and protection against infection.

PMID- 1092768
TI  - Isolation and characterization of Gal E mutant Ty 21a of Salmonella typhi: a
      candidate strain for a live, oral typhoid vaccine.
AB  - A gal E mutant of Salmonella typhi was isolated; results obtained with Salmonella
      typhimurium and the mouse as a model for human typhoid fever indicated that this
      mutant has the potential for use as a live, oral typhoid vaccine. The mutant, Ty
      21a, took up galactose from exogenous sources and accumulated sufficient
      quantities of galactose-1-phosphate and uridine diphosphate galactose to cause
      lysis of the cells, an event that resulted in the avirulence of the strain.
      Galactose was incorporated sufficiently into the cell wall of Ty 21a to allow the
      synthesis of smooth-type lipopolysaccharides, which are necessary for the proper
      immunogenicity. Cells of strain Ty 21a, when given intraperitoneally, protected
      mice against lethal challenge with strain Ty 2 of S. typhi.

PMID- 1092769
TI  - Production and characterization of exotoxin(s) of Shigella dysenteriae type 1.
AB  - A semicontinuous fermenter system was developed in which broth culture filtrates
      of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 yielded substantial amounts of exotoxin. Biologic
      activity of the exotoxin was characterized by means of three assays: the rabbit
      ileal loop for fluid evocation (enterotoxicity), mouse lethality after parenteral
      injection (neurotoxicity), and HeLa cell toxicity in vitro (cytotoxicity).
      Although the culture filtrate was highly active, disc electrophoresis revealed
      that the toxin is a minor component of the mixture of proteins in the crude
      preparation, and that the minor representation contrasts with the relative
      prominence of exotoxins in cultures of other bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae,
      Corynebacterium diphtheriae, and Clostridium tetani. Filtrate toxin, when
      purified by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gel, was found to contain two
      toxic moieties. One was resolvable as a single band with an isoelectric joint
      (pI) of 7.25, a molecular weight of 72,000, and all three types of biological
      activity. The second moiety was isoelectric at pH 6.00, contained two
      subcomponents, and further contrasted with the pI 7.25 toxin by being more
      cytotoxic while being devoid of enteroneurotoxic activity.

PMID- 1092770
TI  - Involvement of the upper respiratory tract in orally induced salmonellosis in
      mice.
AB  - The possible involvement of the tissues of the head and neck during the early
      pathogenesis of orally or intragastrically induced murine salmonellosis was
      examined. Viable counts of Salmonella in the local lymphoid tissues and draining
      nodes indicated that the ileal Peyer's patches were primarily involved in the
      development of a subsequent enteric fever, irrespective of the method of oral
      challenge. Contamination of drinking water with a high concentration of
      salmonellae produced infection of the ileal Peyers patches and the eventual
      development of systemic disease. The cervical lymph nodes were sporadically
      involved early in the infection, but this involvement soon became general, with
      large numbers of salmonellae in the cervical nodes by 36 hr. A lower
      concentration of salmonellae in drinking water led to primary involvement of the
      ileal Peyers patches; upper respiratory tract involvement was detected much later
      in the infection. Intragastrically invected mice exhibited the same low-level
      infection of the cervical lymph nodes as that in mice infected via drinking
      water. Thus systemic infection apparently results from infection of the ileal
      Peyers patches; a small percentage of the animals develop a concurrent upper
      respiratory tract infection that may be responsible for the development of
      carrier states after enteric infection.

PMID- 1092771
TI  - Intracellular bactericidal activity of leukocytes in whole blood for the
      diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease of childhood.
AB  - A simplified method for the assay fo intracellular bactericidal activity of
      leukocytes in whole blood was developed. Providing that serum-resistant organisms
      are studied, the method can be used with gram-negative baccilli as well as with
      Staphylococcus aureus. The abnormalities characteristic of patients with chronic
      granulomatous disease of childhood and their mothers can be readily detected by
      this technique. By this means an abnormality in intracellular killing of
      Pseudomonas cepacia in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease and in his
      heterozygotic mother was found.

PMID- 1092772
TI  - Transient bacteremia associated with percutaneous liver biopsy.
AB  - Transient bacteremia associated with percutaneous liver biopsy was studied by
      pour-plate blood cultures, which were obtained immediately before and after the
      procedure and 5, 10, 15, and 30 min later in 89 patients. Part of the liver
      tissue was also cultured in all patients. Histological diagnoses included
      hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholangitis, fatty liver, granulomata, metastatic liver
      disease, lymphoma, and miscellaneous disorders. All blood cultures obtained
      before liver biopsy were sterile. Bacteremia was demonstrable in 12 patients
      (13.48%). In most of these patients, blood cultures were positive for as long as
      15 min after liver biopsy; all cultures were negative at 30 min. Among the
      bacteria associated with 12 episodes of bacteremia were Escherichia coli,
      Klebsiella, Bacteroides, enterococci, diphtheroids, Staphylococcus aureus, alpha
      hemolytic Streptococcus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The patients with positive
      liver biopsies had a higher incidence of bacteremia (83.3%) than did the patients
      whose liver biopsies were sterile (8.r%); this difference is stastically
      significant (P smaller than 0.01). Thus, liver biopsy can be associated with
      transient bactermia.

PMID- 1092773
TI  - Nosocomial infection caused by gentamicin-resistant, streptomycin-sensitive
      Klebsiella.
AB  - Resistance to gentamicin increased abruptly among nosocomial isolates of
      Klebsiella and Enterobacter at the New York Veterans Administration Hospital in
      1973 and 1974. A prospective clinical survey revealed a greater incidence of true
      infection caused by Klebsiella than by Enterobacter. The initial site of
      implantation was usually the urinary tract. Multiple serotypes were involved, and
      one of these was found in rectal swabs of patients treated with antibiotics.
      Gentamicin resistance declined rapidly after the use of this antibiotic was
      restricted and increased several months after restrictions were removed.
      Gentamicin-resistant strains of Klebsiella were uniformly sensitive to amikacin;
      75% were sensitive to polymyxin B and 70%  to streptomycin. Antibiotic
      sensitivity among gram-negative pathogens might be preserved by a program in
      which the use of highly effective agents is periodically rotated.

PMID- 1092774
TI  - Antibody-coated bacteria in the urine of obstetrical patients with acute
      pyelonephritis.
AB  - The direct immunofluorescence method for the detection of antibody-coated
      bacteria in urine sediments was used to test urine samples from obstetrical
      patients with the clinical diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis or cystitis.
      Antibody-coated bacteria were present in the urine from 12 of 15 patients with
      acute pyelonephritis, but they were not observed in the urine from 13 patients
      with cystitis. The clases of antibody coating the bacteria were IgG, IgA, and, in
      some cases, IgM. A correlation between a high titer of antibody in serum and the
      presence of antibody-coated bacteria in the urine was noted. These results
      confirm that the immunofluorescence test can be useful, as previously reported,
      in distinguishing infection of the kidney from infection of the bladder.

PMID- 1092776
TI  - Revisions in bacteriologic screening for gonorrhea.

PMID- 1092775
TI  - Meningitis caused by Streptococcus in adults.
AB  - Meningitis caused by Streptococcus is uncommon in adults. Otitis media,
      mastoiditis, sinusitis, or trauma has antedated most cases reported in the past.
      Data on 10 recent cases suggest changes in the current pathogenesis of
      streptococcal meningitis in adults and emphasize the importance of accurate
      streptococcal speciation. Endocarditis was present in five cases; trauma played a
      role in two others. Brain abscess, corticosteroids, alcoholic cirrhosis, and
      peritonitis secondary to chronic peritoneal dialysis were etiologic factors in
      five patients. Otitis media, mastoiditis, and sinusitis were conspicuously
      absent. Streptococcus agalctiae accounted for purulent meningitis in two
      postmenopausal women. Both strains of group B Streptococcus were bacitracin
      sensitive and were thus mislabeled group A. Recognition of Streptococcus bovis
      spared two patients unnecessary aminoglycoside adminstration. Nine of the 10
      patients survived, including a women with prosthetic mitral valve endocarditis
      and a man with a ruptured brain abscess. Differentiation of these streptococci
      from Streptococcus pneumoniae was seldon possible on the basis of the spinal
      fluid gram stain alone.

PMID- 1092777
TI  - Abraham Levinson, 1888-1955.

PMID- 1092778
TI  - Organ procurement and renal transplantation in Louisiana.

PMID- 1092779
TI  - Kentucky's orthopaedic heritage.

PMID- 1092780
TI  - The first laryngectomy.

PMID- 1092781
TI  - Otology in the Bible and Talmud.
AB  - The present paper is an English translation of the chapter of Otology in Preuss's
      classic book Biblisch-Talmudische Medizin. Described in the Talmud are a variety
      of anatomical ear abnormalities such as double ear, pierced ears, small ears, cut
      off ears, and pendulous ears. A slave whose ear was wounded had to be freed.
      Compensation for injury to the ear and to hearing is clearly noted. Remedies for
      earache are mentioned. The legal status of a deaf-mute, and the relationship of
      deafness to muteness are also discussed in the Talmud.

PMID- 1092782
TI  - AMA sues HEW's Secretary.

PMID- 1092783
TI  - Scalp avulsion.

PMID- 1092784
TI  - Determination of bile acid pool size in man: a simplified method with advantages
      of increases precision, shortened analysis time, and decreased isotope exposure.
AB  - A simplified isotope dilution method for measurement of the bile acid pool size
      in normal subjects is described and compared with the traditional method of
      Lindstedt (Acta Physiol. Scand. 40: 1-9, 1957). Advantages of this simplified
      method include a four- to eightfold reduction of isotope dose, facilitation of
      analytical procedures, and a reduction in the required number of duodenal
      intubations. In 15 human subjects who had two separate estimates of pool size by
      this method, precision averaged 2.6 percent. In 16 comparisons, pool size
      measured by this method averaged 13.7 percent higher than simultaneous estimates
      by the Lindstedt method. Factors affecting accuracy (as opposed to precision) in
      both methods are discussed.

PMID- 1092785
TI  - Lyophilized 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: a stable enzyme preparation for
      routine bile acid analysis.
AB  - Preparations of 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7 alpha-HSDH) from
      Escherichia coli strain 23 can be frozen and thawed without significant loss of
      activity. 7 alpha-HSDH may then be lyophilized into powder form, which is stable
      for more than 6 months (3% loss of activity). The lyophilized 7 alpha-HSDH
      preparation has the additional advantage over previously described preparations
      of a low and stable fluorescence background when applied to the fluorometric
      estimation of bile acids, especially in combination with thin-layer
      chromatography. Analysis of duodenal aspirates from 18 normal subjects gave bile
      acid ratios identical with those reported earlier and obtained by using gas
      liquid chromatography. A significant difference in the glycine: taurine ratio
      between males and females was observed.

PMID- 1092786
TI  - Prof. Alfred Rehrmann on the occasion of his 65th birthday.

PMID- 1092787
TI  - Fathers and sons in medicine. A call for Dr. Fraser? Which one?

PMID- 1092788
TI  - Genetical control of B-cell responses. III. Requirement for functional
      mitogenicity of the antigen in thymus-independent specific responses.
AB  - Spleen cells from C3H/HeJ mice fail to respond with polyclonal antibody synthesis
      to mitogenic concentrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which are optimal for
      activating spleen cells from a high-responder strain (B10.5M). This
      unresponsiveness is selective for LPS, since C3H/HeJ cells respond as normals to
      another B-cell mitogen, purified protein derivative of tuberculin. Spleen cells
      from low-responder mice also fail to mount a specific anti-NNP plaque-forming
      cell (PFC) response, when challenged in vitro by NNP-LPS. However, C3H/HeJ cells
      develop normal responses to another thymus-independent hapten conjugate, DNP-AECM
      Ficoll. C3H/HeJ mice fail to mount a specific anti-LPS antibody response, when
      challenged in vivo with doses of soluble LPS which are fully immunogenic for the
      high-responder strain. However, C3H/HeJ mice develop normal direct and indirect
      PFC responses to LPS, when challenged with a thymus-dependent form of the
      immunogen. These results are interpreted as indicating as absolute requirement
      for functional mitogenicity of the antigen, in the induction of specific thymus
      independent antibody responses.

PMID- 1092789
TI  - Immunologic injury of cultured cells infected with measles virus. I. role of IfG
      antibody and the alternative complement pathway.
AB  - In these studies, a number of human cell lines including epithelial, neural,
      glial, and lymphoid cells infected with several strains of measles virus were
      found to be lysed upon incubation with fresh sera from humans containing antibody
      measles virus. In all instances, the cytolytic event was mediated by alternative
      complement (C) pathway without a significant contribution from classical pathway.
      In contrast, isolated measles virus in conjunction with antibody was found to
      selectively activate the classical C pathway. Measles antibodies of the IgG
      class, but not the IgA class, possessed cytolytic potential against cells
      infected with measles virus. Human IgG antibodies could directly activate the
      alternative C pathway. No defect was found in cytolytic measles antibody in sera
      or cerebrospinal fluid from patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis,
      nor was the alternative C pathway impaired in sera from these patients. Sera from
      newborn humans exhibited a functional alternative C pathway.

PMID- 1092790
TI  - Study of the cells proliferating in parent versus F hybrid mixed lymphocyte
      culture.
AB  - Caryotypic analysis of the cells dividing in mouse parent-hybrid MLC showed an F1
      hybrid cell proliferation, which varied depending upon the source of lymphoid
      cells used: strong in spleen MLC (sometimes equal to that of the parental cells),
      less marked in lymph node cell MLC, and most often absent in MLC between
      cortisone-resistant (CR) thymocytes. MLC between parental spleen cells and F1 CR
      thymocytes showed, however, that in certain conditions of culture F thymocytes
      can also proliferate. Using parental or F1 spleen cells lacking T lymphocytes, it
      was found that F1 cell proliferation is entirely dependent upon the presence of
      parental T cells, but does not require the presence of T lymphocytes among the F1
      cells. Immunofluorescence analysis of the blasts observed in one-way MLC showed
      that about 70% of the parental blasts were T blasts, and 25%B blasts (containing
      a high proportion of plasmablasts); among the F1 blasts, there was also the same
      percentage of B blasts and plasmablasts, but many of the T blasts bore only small
      amounts of T-cell antigen (MTLA), and there was also about 20%of unstained
      blasts, possibly T blasts bearing MTLA in amounts undetectable by
      immunofluorescence. The possibility is discussed that the F1 responding T cells
      belong to a subpopulation performing a suppressive function; MLC lacking F1 T
      cells showed increased [3H] thymidine incorporation. The proliferation and
      differentiation of parental and F1 B cells may result mainly from an unspecific,
      "polyclonal" triggering.

PMID- 1092791
TI  - Effects on C-reactive protein on the lymphoid system. I. Binding to thymus
      dependent lymphocytes and alteration of their functions.
AB  - C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase protein which shares with the
      immunoglobulins the ability to induce precipitation and agglutination reactions
      and activate the complement system. We report here that purified human CRP binds
      selectively to human T lymphocytes, inhibits their ability to form spontaneous
      rosettes with sheep erythrocytes and inhibits their response to allogeneic cells
      in mixed lymphocyte culture reactions; it fails to inhibit phytohemagglutinin- or
      concanavalin-A-induced mitogenesis. CRP does not bind to human B lymphocytes, nor
      does it alter the following B-cell functions: binding to activated complement
      components or the Fc portion of immunoglobulins, mediation of antibody-dependent
      cytotoxicity reactions or the ability of allogeneic cells to stimulate a mixed
      lymphocyte culture reaction. Human CRP shows similar selective binding with
      murine T lymphocytes. It therefore seems that binding of CRP is a property of T
      lymphocytes or a subpopulation thereof, and can result in modulation of certain
      of the T-cell functional characteristics in vitro. We suggest that CRP may play a
      role in modulating T-cell functions during the inflammatory state.

PMID- 1092792
TI  - Elevated ribonuclease activity in the thymus and white blood cells of genetically
      cancer prone mice.
AB  - Ribonuclease activity in cell-free thymus homogenates was elevated for five
      strains of mice genetically predisposed toward leukemia or reticulum cell
      neoplasms (AKR, C58, PL, RF, and SJL). Such increased activity was directed
      against polyuridylic acid and was observed in 8-wk old mice, well before the
      onset of neoplastic transformation. Similarly, white blood cell ribonuclease
      activity was elevated in mice of the strains AKR, C2H/He, PL and RF. Statistical
      analysis indicated that such elevated activity in these strains related to their
      high incidence of spontaneous neoplastic disease. Elevated ribonuclease activity
      thus represents a new biochemical marker relating to the genetic propensity of
      some strains of mice to die prematurely of spontaneous neoplasia.

PMID- 1092794
TI  - T-cell migration into allografts.
AB  - The ability of T and B lymphocytes to migrate into skin allografts undergoing
      rejection was studied in mice. Spleen cells from CBA/J mice sensitized to
      transplantation antigens of A/J or C57BL/6 mice were separated on immunabsorbent
      columns into purified populations of T and B cells, labeled in vitro with 3H
      uridine and injected intravenously into CBA/J mice with 7-day old skin iso and
      allografts (A/J or C57BL/6). The mice were sacrificed 24 h later and studied by
      autoradiography. After transfer of either unfractionated spleen cells or T cells,
      large numbers of labeled cells were found in the cellular infiltrate of
      allografts, whereas extremely few were seen in isografts. In contrast, after
      transfer of B cells, almost no labeled cells were detected either in the
      allografts or the isografts, although they, like T cells, homed normally to
      lymphoid tissue.

PMID- 1092793
TI  - Proliferation and colony-forming ability of peritoneal exudate cells in liquid
      culture.
AB  - Peritoneal exudate cells, obtained from mice injected with thioglycollate medium
      and cultured in medium containing L-cell-conditioned medium, will proliferate in
      an exponential fashion for 18 days with a doubling time of 68 h. After a 2 h
      pulse of tritiated thymidine, labeled adherent cells increased to a maximum of 22
      34% during the 1st and 2nd wk of culture. Increasing the cell concentration from
      2 times 10-3 to 2 times 10-5 cells/culture reduced exponential growth to 10 days
      and the doubling time was increased to 81.6 h. Under these culture conditions,
      peritoneal exudate cells were shown to form colonies on the surface of culture
      dishes when plated at low density. The cells within the colony were shown to be
      macrophages using yeast and antibody-coated sheep erythrocytes as a test for
      phagocytic function. The plating efficiolonies arose from a single precursor
      cell. The adherent cell population contains the colony-forming precursors. These
      precursors can be stimulated to form colonies for at least 2 wk by the addition
      of conditioned medium to cultures at various times after plating. While very few
      colony-forming cells could be demonstrated in the unstimulated peritoneal lavage,
      their numbers begin to increase in the exudate 4 h after injection of
      thioglycollate medium and reach a maximum by day 3 and then decrease. Isolated
      colonies may be useful in studying the function of macrophages.

PMID- 1092795
TI  - Rubella cataract in vitro: Sensitive period of the developing human lens.
AB  - The clinically known sensitive period of rubella cataract was studied in vitro by
      infecting 79 human eye rudiments from embryos aged 4-10 wk with rubella virus.
      The course of the infection was followed by histological and indirect
      immunofluorescence methods. Of the rudiments, 12 pairs were in the lens placode
      or open-lens-vesicle stage, 40 already had closed lens vesicles and in another 27
      closed-stage pairs an incision was made in the lens capsule before infection to
      allow the virus to enter the lens. Uninfected controls differentiated well in
      vitro for 4-6 wk. The eye rudiments infected in the open-lens-vesicle stage
      showed lens fiber destruction and viral antigens within the lens. No damage or
      viral antigens were detected in rudiments infected in the closed stage unless the
      lens capsule was incisedmwhen this was done, however, fiber damage ensued and
      viral antigens appeared. The lens capsule was concluded to form a protective
      barrier around the sensirive fibers at the time of closure of the lens vesicle,
      confirming the earlier hypothesis and clinical findings.

PMID- 1092796
TI  - Characterization of the macrophage receptro for complement and demonstration of
      its functional independence from the receptor for the Fc portion of
      immunoglobulin G.
AB  - The complement receptor of the macrophage membrane recognizes particle-bound C3b
      but does not recognize particle-bound C3d. C3-b-coated sheep erythrocytes were
      bound to macrophages via their C3b receptors, and the preparations were then
      incubated with either latex particles or opsonized pneumococci (test particles).
      Macrophages ingested the test particles, but erythrocytes were not ingested; they
      remained bound to C3b receptors of the macrophage plasma membrane. Thus, a signal
      initiating ingestion via one type of receptor is not transmitted to all receptors
      which have the potential to mediate phagocytosis.

PMID- 1092797
TI  - Clonal dominance. I. Restricted nature of the IgM antibody response to group A
      streptococcal carbohydrate in mice.
AB  - The IgM antibody response of mice to the streptococcal group A carbohydrate (GAC)
      was measured. With most strains tested, large amounts of IgM antibody were
      produced; in AKR mice, over 1% of the total nucleated spleen cells secreted IgM
      anti-GAC antibody after hyperimmunization. The relative avidity of the antibody
      was extimated by a modification of the Jerne plaque assay where spleen cells from
      individual mice were tested against erythrocytes with varying GAC epitope
      densitymthese studies showed that the earliest, as well as latest, IgM antibodies
      produced were highly restricted in avidity heterogeneity. No evidence of affinity
      maturation was seen upon hyperimmunization. These data favor the conclusion that
      the restricted IgG response seen in mice hyperimmunized to GAC is not the result
      of affinity driven competition for antigen among precursor cells.

PMID- 1092798
TI  - Functional subclasses of T-lymphocytes bearing different Ly antigens. I. The
      generation of functionally distinct T-cell subclasses is a differentiative
      process independent of antigen.
AB  - Ly alloantigens coded by two unlinked genetic loci (Ly-1 and Ly-2/Ly-3) are
      expressed on lymphoid cells undergoing thymus-dependent differentiation.
      Peripheral Thy-1+ cells from C57BL/6 mice can be divided into three subclasses on
      the basis of differential expression of Ly-1, Ly-2, and Ly-3; about 50% express
      all three Ly antigens (Ly -123+), about 33% only Ly-1 (Ly-1+), and about 6-8% Ly
      2 and Ly-3 (Ly-23+). Cells of the Ly-123+ subclasses are the first peripheral Thy
      1+ cells to appear in ontogeny, and are reduced in the periphery shortly after
      adult thymectomy. In contrast, Ly-1+ and Ly-23+ subclasses appear later in the
      peripheral tissues than do Ly-123+ cells, and are resistant to the early effects
      of adult thymectomymperiheral lymphoid populations depleted of Ly-1+ cells and Ly
      123+ cells (and thereby enriched for Ly-23+ cells) were incapable of developing
      significant helper activity to SRBC but generated substantial levels of cytotoxic
      activity to allogeneic target cells. The same lymphoid populations, depleted of
      Ly-23+ cells and Ly-123+ cells (and thereby enriched for Ly-1+ cells), produced
      substantial helper responses but were unable to generate appreciable levels of
      killer activity. These experiments imply that commitment of T cells to
      participate exclusively in either helper or cytotoxic function is a
      differentiative process that takes place before they encounter antigen, and is
      accompanied by exclusion of different Ly groups, Lu-23 or Ly-1 respectively, from
      TL+Ly-123+ T-cell precursors. It is yet to be decided whether the TL-phase by Ly
      123+ subclass is a transitional form or a separately differentiated subclass with
      a discrete immunologic function.

PMID- 1092800
TI  - Office bacteriology in children.
AB  - Office bacteriological procedures can be a valuable part of a physician's
      diagnostic armamentarium when utilized within the framework of sound clinical
      judgment. This is particularily true in children, where infectious diseases
      represent the major portion of illness. The techniques are simple and
      inexpensive. The expertise necessary is rapidly and easily acquired. The results
      can be gratifying and serve as a stimulant for greater involvement in this
      technique.

PMID- 1092799
TI  - Functional subclasses of T lymphocytes bearing different Ly antigens. II.
      Cooperation between subclasses of Ly+ cells in the generation of killer activity.
AB  - Lymphocytes from BALB/c or C57B6/6 mice that develop killer activity to
      alloantigens belong to the numerically small Ly-23 subclass of peripheral T
      cells, distinguished by selective expression of Ly-23 determinants on their
      surfaces. The maturation of these cells to killer cells can be amplified by Ly-1+
      cells, which do not themselves contribute to the killer cell pool. This
      amplification was abolished by escluding Ia("Beta")+ cells from the stimulator
      population during mixed lymphocyte culture (MCL), suggesting that amplification
      is due to selective recognition of I region antigens by L-1+ cells, a conclusion
      already drawn from our previous evidence that Ia differences activate Ly-1+ cells
      but not Ly-23+ cells. These and other experiments indicate that amplification of
      killer cell production in vitro by Ly-1+ cells is not due to their conversion to
      Ly-23+ cells during MLC, but to their ability to recognize major
      histocompatibility complex determinants not recognized by Ly-23+ cells.

PMID- 1092801
TI  - Recent advances in diagnosis and management of croup.
AB  - Croup is a syndrome of inspiratory stridor, cough, and hoarseness, due to varying
      degrees of laryngeal obstruction. It is a viral disease and must be
      differentiated from epiglottitis. In addition to a careful clinical assessment,
      neck films are the most valuable diagnostic tool in differentiating these two.
      The principle modes of therapy for croup include provision of adequate hydration,
      ensuring maximum available humidification, sedation, and administration of
      intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB) with nebulized racemic
      epinephrine. The latter mode of therapy will provide symptomatic relief and may
      eliminate the need for hospitalization and tracheostomy. Steroids offer little
      benefit in treating this disease, and antibiotics offer none.

PMID- 1092802
TI  - The effects of castration and androgen replacement on song, courtship, and
      aggression in zebra finches (Poephila guttata).
AB  - Castration of adult male zebra finches (Poephila guttata, Estrildidae) reduces
      their singing rate and the tempo of song, but castrates continue to sing song
      identical in form to preoperative song. Injection or implantation of testosterone
      propionate (TP) but not of vehicle alone reverses the changes produced by
      castration. Castration or partial castration also reduces the frequency of
      courtship, copulation, and aggression. Androgen (TP) replacement reverses these
      changes, but control injections do not. The persistence of song after castration
      contrasts with the abolition of song by castration in other birds, and this may
      be related to the natural history of zebra finches.

PMID- 1092803
TI  - A method for the chemical isolation of individual muscle fibers and its
      application to a study of the effect of denervation on the number of nuclei per
      muscle fiber.
AB  - A method is described for isolating intact, individual skeletal muscle fibers
      from glutaraldehyde fixed muscle. This method was conceived to climinate the many
      limitations of determining muscle nuclear numbers in histological cross section.
      Glutaraldehyde fixed fibers are isolated by dissection while in a solution of low
      concentration guanidine in a borate buffer at high pH. Electron miscroscopy
      demonstrates that single fibers, isolated in this manner, are free of their
      microvasculature and connective tissue. Their basal laminas and the structures
      within them, including their satellite cells, are preserved. This method is
      employed to determine whether changes in nuclear numbers occur within the basal
      lamina of individual muscle cells from 1 to 28 days following denervation of
      mouse gastrocnemius muscle. The total number of nuclei located within the basal
      lamina of individual muscle fibers (i.e. muscle and satellite cell nuclei) does
      not change after denervation. This rules out the possibility that additional
      nuclei are arising from an influx of cells outside the basal lamina or by mitotic
      division of nuclei within the basal lamina. However, the possibility of a change
      in the ratio of satellite cell nuclei, to muscle cell nuclei, is not eliminated.
      Other possible applications of this isolation method are discussed.

PMID- 1092804
TI  - The immune response of the teleost, Tilapia mossambica to soluble and cellular
      antigens.
AB  - The immune response of Tilapia mossambica to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sheep
      red blood cells (SRBC) was characterized in detail in terms of the appearance of
      hemolysin plaque-forming cells and circulating antibodies at 30 degrees C. Plaque
      forming cells (PFC) were detected in the spleen, head-kidney and thymus of
      immunized fish and the maximum number was observed in these organs on the fifth
      day after immunization with SRBC. Peak circulating antibody response occurred on
      day 8 for SRBC and on day 11 for BSA. Following the second injection of the same
      antigen, a specific anamnestic response was observed with increased production of
      PFC and serum antibody. No cross reactivity was found when anti-SRBC antibody was
      tested with rat erythrocytes. Tests with 2-mercaptoethanol showed that all of the
      agglutinating antibody produced after both the first and second injection was
      mercaptoethanol sensitive. Analysis of histological and smear preparations
      revealed that there were consistent cellular changes occurring in the spleen as
      well as the head-kidney due to immunization.

PMID- 1092805
TI  - Induction of nuclear breakdown and meiosis in Spisula solidissima oocytes by
      calcium ionophore.
AB  - Induction of germinal vesicle breakdown and reinitiation of the meiotic process
      resulted following exposure of immature Spisula solidissima oocytes to divalent
      ionophore A23187. Meiosis continued to completion in the presence of the
      ionophore; however, parthenogenetic development of the gametes did not occur.
      Incubation of oocytes in calcium deficient media (Ca++ free or Ca++Mg++ free
      seawater) but not Mg++ free seawater inhibited ionophore induced maturation.
      Effects of calcium deficiency were reversible. The results suggest that nuclear
      disintegration and the meiotic process induced by sperm are mediated by ionic
      stimuli and that the establishment of meiotic arrest is linked to the
      availability of calcium within the oocyte.

PMID- 1092806
TI  - Some additional observations relating to the mechanism of trypan blue induced
      teratogenesis.
AB  - The mechanism and site of teratogenic action of trypan blue on mammalian embryos
      was reinvestigated. The experiments to be presented include (1) an analysis of
      the effect of trypan blue treatment on the morphology of the early mouse egg
      cylinder, (2) a demonstration of the effect of dye treatment on the enzyme acid
      phosphatase of yolk sac epithelium using histochemical procedures. Results
      obtained from these experiments indicate that trypan blue injected into mothers
      on day 7 of gestational age leads, within 12 to 24 hours after treatment, to
      dramatic abnormalities in 90-95% of egg cylinders examined. The frequency of
      gross malformations obtained by this treatment is considerably less when litters
      are examined at later stages of gestation. Acid phosphatase activity in yolk sac
      epithelium is depressed by the dye treatment, but there is no difference between
      enzymatically depressed yolk sacs of malformed embryos and yolk sacs surrounding
      normally appearing litter mates both obtained from trypan blue treated mothers.
      The hypothesis that trypan blue may exert its teratogenic effect by the direct
      exposure of egg cylinder stages to the dye, and that some of the egg cylinders
      affected may subsequently repair, is recommended for further testing.

PMID- 1092807
TI  - Development and life cycle of the parthenogenetically activated sea urchin
      embryo.
AB  - A method is reported for inducing parthenogenetic development in eggs of the sea
      urchin Lytechinus pictus, a species which previously could not be artificially
      activated. NH4OH or the calcium ionophore A23187 are used as activating agents
      followed by hypertonic treatment. The ionophore is superior in activating large
      numbers of unfertilized eggs, whereas NH4OH produces a larger percent of embryos
      able to undergo gastrulation. Both feeding larvae and urchins arising from these
      artificially activated eggs are diploid. All individuals in which sex has been
      identified have been female. The viability of these completely homozygous
      organisms is low compared to their fertilized counterparts.

PMID- 1092809
TI  - Our retiring president. Thaddeus M. Moseley, M.D.

PMID- 1092808
TI  - Computerized ECG and community practice. A note of caution.

PMID- 1092810
TI  - In memoriam. Robert E. Zellner, M.D. 1915-1975.

PMID- 1092811
TI  - Localization of extraneuronal dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in rat salivary gland by
      immunofluorescence histochemistry.

PMID- 1092812
TI  - A rapid procedure for obtaining a preparation of large fragments of the
      cerebellar glomeruli in high purity.

PMID- 1092813
TI  - Visual receptive fields and their images in superior colliculus of the cat.
AB  - 1. The receptive fields of collicular neurons in the cat, recorded in a single
      microelectrode penetration, were not centered on a point in visual space, but
      nested eccentrically with the smaller fields displaced toward the area centralis.
      The eccentric nesting was not eliminated by correcting the fields for the tangent
      screen distortion or by making penetrations normal to the collicular surface in
      coronal and parasagittal planes. These findings do not support the idea that
      collicular cells form topographically organized columns oriented normal to the
      collicular surface. 2. When the receptive fields were plotted in the visual
      coordinate system of the collicular map, the nesting became much more concentric,
      suggesting that the eccentric nesting of the receptive fields in visual space was
      largely a product of the retinotectal coordinate transformation. 3. The profile
      of a collicular receptive field, plotted in the collicular visual coordinate
      system is called the receptive-field image. Receptive-field images tended to have
      oval shapes with the long axis oriented mediolaterally. Clusters of receptive
      field images, plotted for single penetrations, appeared similar wherever they
      occurred in the collicular map, suggesting that a common pattern of neural
      convergence determines the geometry of the receptive-field images in all parts of
      the colliculus. 4. The neural substrate of the receptive-field images was
      examined by tracing the theoretical patterns of neural activity which a point
      stimulus would produce in the retinotectal system. This analysis suggested that
      the shape and dimensions of the receptive-field images, and consequently the
      receptive fields, might be accounted for in large part by the geometry of
      collicular dendritic fields, the dimensions of the visual receptive fields of
      afferent fibers, and the retinotectal coordinate transformation. 5. Because it
      adjusts for the retinotectal distortion of visual space, the receptive-field
      image may be used to outline the distribution of collicular cells excited by a
      point stimulus. This makes it possible to show that a point stimulus activates
      large-field cells in the superficial gray layer over an area of about 2.5 by 1.5
      mm in the central parts of the colliculus. It is suggested that such cells may
      organize the directional signals required by the oculomotor system for visual
      orienting behavior.

PMID- 1092814
TI  - Representation of cochlea within primary auditory cortex in the cat.
AB  - The representation of sound frequency (and of the cochlear partition) within
      primary auditory cortex has been investigated with use of microelectrode-mapping
      techniques in a series of 25 anesthetized cats. Among the results were the
      following: 1) Within vertical penetrations into AI, best frequency and remarkably
      constant for successively studied neurons across the active middle and deep
      cortical layers. 2) There is an orderly representation of frequency (and of
      represented cochlear place) within AI. Frequency is rerepresented across the
      mediolateral dimension of the field. On an axis perpendicular to this plane of
      rerepresentation, best-frequency (represented cochlear place) changes as a simple
      function of cortical location. 3) Any given frequency band (or sector of the
      cochlear partition) is represented across a belt of cortex of nearly constant
      width that runs on a nearly straight axis across AI. 4) There is a
      disproportionately large cortical surface representation of the highest-frequency
      octaves (basal cochlea) within AI. 5) The primary and secondary field locations
      were somewhat variable, when referenced to cortical surface landmarks. 6) Data
      from long penetrations passing down the rostral bank of the posterior ectosylvian
      sulcus were consistent with the existence of a vertical unit of organization in
      AI, akin to cortical columns described in primary visual and somatosensory
      cortex. 7) Responses to tonal stimuli were encountered in fields dorsocaudal,
      caudal, ventral, and rostral to AI. There is an orderly representation of the
      cochlea within the field rostal to AI, with a reversal in best frequencies across
      its border with AI. 8) Physiological definitions of AI boundaries are consistent
      with their cytoarchitectonic definition. Some of the implications of these
      findings are discussed.

PMID- 1092815
TI  - Oral contraceptives: a review of the literature.

PMID- 1092816
TI  - Lord Boyd Orr (1880-1971)--a biographical sketch.

PMID- 1092817
TI  - Transatlantic occupational health.

PMID- 1092818
TI  - Immune responses to mycobacterium leprae in man.

PMID- 1092819
TI  - Renal function and diuretic therapy in infants and children. Part I.

PMID- 1092820
TI  - A family study of pigeon breeders' disease.

PMID- 1092821
TI  - Apnea of prematurity. Comparative therapeutic effects of cutaneous stimulation
      and nasal continuous positive airway pressure.
AB  - It has been suggested that idiopathic apnea of prematurity is related to hypoxia
      from pulmonary instability or an immaturity of central respiratory control
      mechanisms. To explore these hypotheses, 18 preterm infants were studied to
      examine the therapeutic effects of prophylactic cutaneous stimulation (6) and
      continuous positive airway pressure(12). The frequency of apnea using each
      procedure was reduced by 35 and 69 percent, respectively. These findings
      constitute the basis for new therapeutic measures for treatment of idiopathic
      neonatal apnea.

PMID- 1092822
TI  - Tracheal performation in the neonate: a complication of endotracheal intubation.

PMID- 1092823
TI  - Effects of gentamicin on albumin binding of bilirubin. Commentary.

PMID- 1092824
TI  - Minoxidil in refractory hypertension.
AB  - A life-threatening, severe, hypertension refractory to conventional
      antihypertensive drugs developed in a 10-year-old girl in association with a
      functional renal transplant. Minoxidil, a new vasodilator, proved to be a life
      saving antihypertensive drug and prevented the removal of the functional
      transplant. During 9 months of minoxidil therapy the blood pressure remained
      controlled and the renal transplant function excellent. No serious side effects
      except a moderate hypertrichosis have been observed. It appears that minoxidil
      can be used to control refractory, life-threatening hypertension in children.

PMID- 1092825
TI  - Letter: Polyhydramnios and neonatal renal failure--a possible association with
      maternal acetaminophen ingestion.

PMID- 1092826
TI  - An outbreak og gastroenteritis due to E. coli 0142 in a neonatal nursery.
AB  - A nursery outbreak of gastroenteritis casued by Escherichia coli 0142/K86/H6 is
      described. Over a period of nine months, 59 epidemiologically linked cases of
      diarrhea occurred, including 21 intractable cases with four deaths. The epidemic
      strain, which was not agglutinated by commerical diagnostic antisera, was
      isolated from the hands of personnel in five instances directly incriminated hand
      carriage as the mode of spread. Acquisition of illness, which was especially high
      among low-birth-weight infants less than 17 days old, did not correlate with any
      treatment modality investigated and appeared to be related to a host factor.
      Noninvasive small intestinal colonization, production of enterotoxin, and
      multiple antibiotic resistance of the epidemic strain were demonstrated and
      helped to explain the intractability of clinical illness in many infants, despite
      intensive parenteral antibiotic therapy. Surveys of fecal coliforms on the hands
      of nursery personnel revealed no change in prevalence after introduction of a
      policy of "triple" handwashing with 3 percent hexachlorophene soap, but a
      significant decrease occurred during the use of disposable gloves. The frequent
      occurrence of E. coli 0142 in throat swabs of affected infants suggested that
      pharyngeal colonization may serve as an important diagnostic clue in E. coli
      diarrhea.

PMID- 1092827
TI  - Reappraisal of kanamycin usage in neonates.
AB  - This study documents an important change in the kanamycin in susceptibilites of
      Escherichia coli strains cultivated from neonates. Whereas some nurseries have in
      the past experienced resistance rates as high as 70 per cent recent survelliance
      of seven North American nurseries demonstrated that 90 percent or more of E. coli
      strains are currently susceptible to kanamycin. Pharmacokinetic studies of 65
      babies treated with either 7.5 or 10 mg/kg kanamycin doses revealed that peak
      serum values varied with dosage, birthweight, and chronologic age. Peak serum
      levels were below the desired therapeutic range in many babies treated with 7.5
      mg/kg doses of kanamycin every 12 hours. Concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid
      specimens from 21 infants were 0.5 to 12 mu/ml after 7.5 mg/kg kanamycin doses.
      Calculated distribution volumes, plasma clearances, and serum half-life values
      were used in formulating a revised kanamycin in dosage and frequency of
      administration schedule.

PMID- 1092828
TI  - Effects of red cell extract on in vitro growth and multiplication of malarial
      parasites.
AB  - An extract of red blood cells was prepared from monkey blood. Red cell extract
      (RCE) of Aotus monkeys was beneficial for the in-vitro cultivation of 2 strains
      of P. falciparum. The active material(s) in Aotus RCE was not sedimented by
      centrifugation at 34,800 g for 1 hr. Rhesus monkey RCE improved the growth of P.
      knowlesi for in-vitro cultivation through 4 schizogonous cycles (88 hr).

PMID- 1092829
TI  - Cell volume and DNA content of Trypanosoma lewisi and T. mega in vitro.
AB  - Two species of trypanosomes were harvested at a comparable stage in vitro
      development, just as cell division was ceasing and cell length had become maximal
      and its variability minimal. At this stage, T. mega displayed both a larger cell
      volume than T. lewisi (27.5 vs. 14.3 mu-2) and a greater DNA content (0.23 vs.
      0.048 pg/cell).

PMID- 1092830
TI  - In Memoriam Elon Eugene Byrd 9 June 1905-3 March 1974.

PMID- 1092831
TI  - Obituary notice Witold Stefanski (1891-1973).

PMID- 1092832
TI  - Antigenicity of the newborn larvae of Trichinella spiralis.

PMID- 1092833
TI  - The use of removable partial denture splints in the treatment of postsurgical
      tooth mobility.
AB  - The theory and clinical use of removable partial denture splints has been offered
      as a tenable solution to the problem of postsurgical tooth mobility. The close
      cooperation of the periodontic and prosthetic specialties is in many cases vital
      to the ultimate success of treatment and longevity of the dentition. Although not
      presented as a panacea, it is hoped that clinicians will bear this clinical
      entity in mind as an option in the treatment of periodontally debilitated
      dentitions.

PMID- 1092834
TI  - Studies on the effects of a urea peroxide gel on plaque formation and gingivitis.

PMID- 1092835
TI  - Synthesis and antimalarial activity of heterocyclic alkyl disulfides,
      thiosulfates, and dithio acid derivatives.
AB  - Based on the antimalarial activity in mice of bis(4-rho
      acetamidobenzenesulfonamidophenyl) disulfide, a series of N-heterocyclic alkyl
      disulfides and thiosulfates was synthesized and screened for antimalarial
      activity. Several related dithio acid dianions and S- blocked derivatives were
      also screened to provide an indication of the possible role that thiol anions
      might play in malaria chemotherapy. Activity was limited by toxicity with these
      compounds, and none of those tested, with the exception of bis(4-rho
      acetamidobenzenesulfonamidophenyl) disulfide, showed curative activity in either
      a mouse or chick test.

PMID- 1092836
TI  - Systemic and prosthodontic treatment to prevent bone resorption in edentulous
      patients.

PMID- 1092837
TI  - An analysis of an experimental approach to teaching preclinical complete denture
      prosthodontics.

PMID- 1092838
TI  - The effects of variations in the opposing dentition on changes in the partially
      edentulous mandible. Part III. Tooth mobility and chewing efficiency with various
      maxillary dentitions.
AB  - Tests were conducted using a mobilometer to determine the effects of the opposing
      dentition on mobility of selected teeth in the partially edentulous mandible. In
      addition, the effect of the opposing dentition and the presence or absence of a
      lower removable partial denture on chewing efficiency was evaluated. Results
      indicated an increase in mobility of abutment teeth following placement of
      removable partial dentures. The mobility decreased as the teeth became stabilized
      by the removable partial dentures. The amount of mucosal and bone-contour change
      was directly related to the degree of mobility of the abutment teeth. Comparisons
      in chewing efficiency indicated no particular difference between subjects with
      unilateral or bilateral distal-extension removable partial dentures or in the
      type of opposing dentition. However, the use of a lower removable partial denture
      does increase chewing efficiency to a level of about 50 per cent of that found
      for subjects with all of their natural teeth.

PMID- 1092839
TI  - The processed provisional splint in periodontal prostheses.
AB  - A technique has been described whereby a heat-processed provisional splint was
      fabricated with the factors of esthetics and long-term serviceability being of
      prime importance. Additional advantages of the use of a well-adapted provisional
      restoration in a periodontal prosthesis are as follows: (1) They facilitate
      periodontal treatment by allowing total visibility and access to surgical sites
      when the splint is removed. (2) The splinting effect may enhance healing and
      periodontal-ligament reattachment by stabilizing mobile abutments. (3) The
      patient's ability to render adequate home care for a fixed prosthetic restoration
      may be evaluated and reinforced before making case restorations. (4) The
      patient's cooperation is assured during an extended period of restorative care
      when an esthetic, comfortable, provisional splint is provided.

PMID- 1092840
TI  - Complete denture technique using natural anterior teeth.
AB  - A technique has been described which permits the use of desirable natural
      anterior teeth in complete dentures (Fig. 3). The main characteristic of this
      technique is the use of cast copings with dowels to which the natural teeth are
      attached. The cast copings securely fit the natural teeth to the base of the
      denture (Fig, 4). The use of NATURAL teeth in a denture may encourage
      discoloration of fracture. Discoloration of the natural teeth may be prevented by
      the immediate removal of the pulp tissue, the attentive cleaning of the pulp
      chamber with normal saline, and the storage of the teeth in an atmosphere of 100
      per cent humidity. Adequate vertical and horizontal overlaps insure stability of
      the denture and suitable protection of the natural teeth from cracknig or
      curshing during function of the denture. If accidental fracture or discoloration
      of a natural tooth should occur, ti may be replaced by an acrylic resin tooth
      duplicated from the natural tooth or by an artifical tooth of proper size and
      color.

PMID- 1092841
TI  - Methods to preclude aspiration or swallowing of dental appliances.
AB  - A technique which precludes the swallowing of dental restorations during fitting
      and cementation has been described. An alternative technique is to spot-weld a
      small loop or wire to the finished crown. Dental floss may be attached to the
      loop. Another method is to attach a piece of unwaxed floss to the completed crown
      with Eastman adhesive 910. The floss is removed after the restoration is
      cemented.

PMID- 1092842
TI  - Hot-pressed porcelain process for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations.
AB  - A technique has been described that simplifies the production of full-coverage,
      porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations. The process utilizes a furnace-flask
      system in which the restoration is invested in a high-temperature refractory
      material and processed at an elevated temperature (1,850 degrees F.) under
      pressure. Shrinkage of 0.001 to 0.005 inch at the supporting cusp tips and fossae
      has been recorded. Tests indicate that the porcelain produced has a tensile
      strength and wear rate similar to those of porcelain processed by conventional
      methods.

PMID- 1092843
TI  - The "zipper" technique for duplicating dentures: final impressions, replica
      dentures, and a complete denture splint.

PMID- 1092844
TI  - [Professor Jacques Lefebvre (1907-1974)].

PMID- 1092845
TI  - [Pathological, clinical and radiological study of colonic lympho-reticulosarcoma.
      Report of 8 cases (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report 8 cases of lympho-reticulosarcoma of the colon and emphasize
      the rareness of this tumour (10 percent of cases) compared with other
      localisations in the stomach and small intestine. Whether primary or secondary,
      lymphosarcoma of the colon has various radiological appearances, depending on the
      mode of development of the sarcoma in the wall of the colon. Mainly sub-mucosal,
      it may remain localised or extend to the whole of the colon, predominating in the
      ileo-coecal and recto-sigmoid regions. Localised tumour forms present either in
      the form of large polycyclic lacunae, sometimes invaginated or as vast
      ulcerations with irregular nodular margin, or as due to parietal infiltration and
      exoluminal development of the tumour mass and neighbouring adenopathy. It is
      sometimes confused with carcinoma of the colon, e.g. vegetating carcinoma,
      colloid carcinoma, or peritoneal metastases, or with a regional abscess, e.g.
      appendix abscess or diverticulosis. The correct diagnosis is made on operation.
      The extensive colonic forms rarely take on the appearance of lymphoid
      pseudopolyposis, more often that of a very unusual nodular form formed of hazy
      lenticular lacunae. It may be confused with nodular colitis, it differs from
      this, however, by the absence of ulceration, changes in caliber and the
      persistance of normal haustration, a reticulated appearance of the mucosal
      outline during evacuation of the barium. In all cases, the discovery of a colonic
      lympho-reticulosarcoma implies complete digestive radiological investigation in
      order to seek gastric, duodenal or intestinal localisations, together with a
      search for other extra-digestive localisations. In fact, the great diffusion of
      the lesions modifies the prognosis and the therapeutic attitude. These
      lymphosarcomas and reticulosarcomas of the colon have a similar pathological and
      radiological appearance but differ by their sensitivity to treatment with cobalt,
      as reticulosarcomas are more resistant.

PMID- 1092846
TI  - [Osseous anomalies of centrofacial lentiginosis (39 cases) (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors present the results of an investigation on 39 cases of centrofacial
      lentiginosis. Eleven patients urged to be examined because of their alarming
      health condition, and 28 cases were found out following an inquiry within some
      collectivities. With centrofacial lentiginosis the cutaneous hereditary
      polydysplasia (characterized by typical lentigines), the dysraphic state and
      neuro-psychic troubles are usual and awaken the interest of the radiologist due
      to the frequency of various dysmorphoses, growth disturbances and a trend for
      arthrosis. The radiologist has to pay a due attention to these aspects
      representing as many manifestations of a disease of a hereditary-family type
      since a possible centrofacial lentiginosis also means a possible disabling
      potential associated with education and vocational training problems.

PMID- 1092847
TI  - Dental Medicaid in New York state: History and data from the reporting system.

PMID- 1092848
TI  - Trypsin-mediated modification of the zona pellucida glycopeptide structure of
      hamster eggs.

PMID- 1092849
TI  - Effect of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone aned human chorionic gonadotrophin on
      the response of the ewe to pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin.

PMID- 1092850
TI  - Embryotoxic effect of bull seminal ribonuclease and tissue absorption studies in
      rats.

PMID- 1092851
TI  - Progesterone levels following treatment of seasonally anoestrous ewes with
      synthetic LH-releasing hormone.
AB  - Plasma progesterone determinations were carried out on blood samples collected
      daily from Clun Forest ewes during the normal oestrous cycle and also after
      administration of LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) during seasonal anoestrus. Levels
      of plasma progesterone at oestrus ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 ng/ml and luteal phase
      levels from 3 to 6 ng/ml. Levels found during seasonal anoestrus were within the
      range of those observed as oestrus. Following treatment with LH-RH, there was in
      increase in the plasma LH level in a-l cases and ovulation occurred in twenty
      three out of twenty-seven treated ewes. In the animals which ovulated, the plasma
      progesterone concentration either remained basal (eighteen animals) or rose to a
      lower level (2 ng/ml is greater than) than that found during the luteal phase of
      the cycle.

PMID- 1092852
TI  - Proceedings: the selective demonstration of hypothalamic nuclei involved in FSH
      RH production.

PMID- 1092853
TI  - Proceedings: response of spayed ewes to administration of gonadotrophin releasing
      hormone (Gn-GH).

PMID- 1092854
TI  - Responses by prepubertal ewes to gonadotophin-releasing hormone.

PMID- 1092855
TI  - LH release by cows in response to Gn-RH during the post-partum period.

PMID- 1092856
TI  - Effect of live weight and plane of nutrition on FSH secretion and clearance in
      the ewe.

PMID- 1092857
TI  - Ovulation in ewes selected for fecundity: effect of Gn-RH injected on the day of
      oestrus.

PMID- 1092858
TI  - Stimulation of antimicrobial activity in the rat with leukocytic endogenous
      mediator.

PMID- 1092859
TI  - Properties of strains of Escherichia coli isolated from a variety of sources.
AB  - Strains of Escherichia coli causing urinary-tract infections were found to be
      more commonly haemolytic than were faecal strains. Strains from the introitus
      that subsequently gave rise to urinary-tract infections resembled urinary strains
      and those that did not give rise to infections resembled faecal strains. alpha
      Haemolysin production was closely associated, in strains from a variety of
      different sources, with the production of a haemolysin detectable in liquid
      medium and with cytotoxicity in tissue culture.

PMID- 1092860
TI  - An erythrocyte-sensitising antigen from Vibrio cholerae.
AB  - Erythrocyte-sensitising antigens (AE) were prepared from Vibrio cholerae
      serotypes, from EL-Tor vibrio, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis by
      digesting the organisms with NaOH followed by precipitation with alcohol. When AE
      was used in indirect haemagglutination (IHA) tests, the results in a number of
      cases were somewhat more sensitive and more specific than those obtained in
      classical agglutination tests. No cross reactions occurred between V. cholerae
      serotypes and E. coli and S. enteritidis. Much of the reactive part of the AE was
      not sedimentable at 100,000 g for 1 h. The eluant from the B. cholerae AE on
      Sephadex G-200 yielded three fractions, one of which was the most active in IHA
      tests. Treatment of the AE with trypsin resulted in an appreciable increase in
      the heterotypic serum titres in IHA tests. The spectrophotometric absorption of
      the AE at 260 nm showed a hump that may have been indicative of the presence of
      nucleic acid. Treatment of the antigen with ribonuclease reduced its nucleic acid
      content but did not change to any significant extent the reactivity of the
      preparation. The AE antigen of V. cholerae was Molisch-positive and was capable
      of sensitising untanned erythrocytes in IHA tests. It is suggested that the
      reactive part of the AE antigen is a carbohydrate complex.

PMID- 1092861
TI  - Pigment production by Bacteroides species with reference to sub-classification.
AB  - All six reference strains of Bacteroides species, 36 laboratory isolates
      conforming to this group, and individual strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus
      mirabilis, Salmonella typhimurium and Clostridum welchii produced a dense black
      pigment, identified as ferrus sulphide, when grown in cooked-meat media
      containing cystine and ferrous sulphate. This was an indicator effect resulting
      from the production of H2S by the bacteria in the presence of ferrous ions and
      was unrelated to the characteristic pigment produced by strains of B.
      melaninogenicus when grown on blood agar. A pigment was extracted by ultrasonic
      disintegration of washed cells of three reference strains of B. melanino-genicus
      grown for 1 week in horse-blood broth and on human-blood agar. It was
      intracellular or cell-associated, soluble in water and had the spectrophotometric
      characteristics of a derivative of haemoglobin. No such pigment was extracted
      from strains of B. fragilis or B. necrophorus by similar procedures. Pigment
      production is a stable characteristic of those strains of Bacteroides called B.
      melaninogenicus and it is a significant property in the classification of the
      Bacteroides group. However, the pigment-producing strains are not a homogenous
      species, and there were considerable differences between the results of
      biochemical tests and antibograms obtained with the three strains of B.
      melaninogenicus.

PMID- 1092862
TI  - The pathogenesis of infections of the mouse caused by virulent and avirulent
      variants of an influenza virus.
AB  - A virulent variant of the normally avirulent Kunz strain of influenza virus was
      obtained by serial passage in mice, and the pathogenesis of the infections caused
      by the two strains was studied. The virulence of the passaged variant did not
      appear to result from increased growth in lungs, from acquisition of resistance
      to non-specific inhibitors or from inadequate immunogenicity, but from its
      greater ability to replicate in alveolar cells. The apparent adequacy of defence
      mechanisms to protect against mucosal infection but their failure to protect
      against infection of alveolar cells in discussed.

PMID- 1092863
TI  - A new biotyping scheme for Salmonella typhimurium and its phylogenetic
      significance.
AB  - A new, two-tier system for biotyping Salmonella typhimurium gives a finer and
      more reliable differentiation of strains than the Kristensen scheme and is
      capable of future extension by the addition of new types and new tests. Strains
      are allocated to a primary type (1-32) by their reactions in five primary tests
      with Bitter's xylose medium, meso-inositol, L-rhamnose, d-tartrate and m
      tartrate. Subtypes are distinguished within the primary types by reactions in ten
      secondary tests, which include observations for flagella and type-1
      (haemagglutinating) fimbriae. Full biotypes are designated by letters indicating
      the subtype reactions appended to the primary-type numbers. A series of 2030
      strains of S. typhimurium collected from many different sources and countries
      during 53 years was classified into 19 of the 32 potential primary biotypes and
      into 144 full biotypes. Of the series, 14% (275) were non-fimbriate inositol
      nonfermenting rhamnose-nonfermenting (FIRN) strain in primary biotypes 29-32.
      Most other strains were fimbriate and rhamnose fermenting. Observations on
      several series of cultures isolated from different human or animal sources in the
      same epidemic showed that the biotype characters of a strain were generally
      stable during its growth in the natural environment and in the unselective media
      used for isolation and storage. Most non-fermenting strains gave rise to
      fermenting mutants on prolonged incubation in the substrate-containing--and
      therefore selective--test medium, and false-positive results from this cause were
      avoided by making the definitive readings of tests after a short, carefully
      chosen period of incubation. A genealogical tree has been drawn to show how
      eighteen observed primary biotypes may have evolved from a presumed archetypal
      ancestor of biotype 1.

PMID- 1092864
TI  - A defined medium for the growth of Clostridium tetani and other anaerobes of
      clinical interest.
AB  - The growth of six strains of Clostridium tetani was assessed in a chemically
      supplemented commercially available defined medium. All strains grew reliably
      even after 12 serial passages, and two strains produced demonstrable toxic
      activity after passage. Consistent growth of the test strains could also be
      obtained on a solid version of this medium ("CA109-S" medium), and the strains
      could be serially passaged on this medium. Preliminary evidence is presented that
      the medium supports the surface growth of some other test anaerobes. Such a
      defined solid medium might prove of value in further studies on the surface
      growth of C. tetani and of other anaerobes of clinical interest.

PMID- 1092865
TI  - A simple single-step immunoimmobilisation method for the detection of Salmonella
      in the presence of large numbers of other bacteria.
AB  - A single-step disk immunoimmobilisation method for the detection of motile
      salmonellae is described. It combines in a single step the use of the motility of
      these bacteria in soft agar, their selective growth on Salmonella-Shigella media,
      and their immobilisation by polyvalent H antiserum. The method is shown to be 10
      to 10,000 times more senstitive than a standard method for detection of
      Salmonella under the experimental conditons used. The time required for detection
      is shortened to 24-48 h.

PMID- 1092866
TI  - Enteropathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides.
AB  - Aeromonas hydrophila was enteropathogenic in ligated ileal loops of rabbits,
      causing a fluid accumulation of 1-0 - 2-0 ml per cm of gut length. Gut reaction
      could be produced with an inoculum as low as 10-4 viable bacteria. There was no
      difference in the nature of the positive reactions given by strains isolated from
      diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal children and adults and from water. Plesiomonas
      shigelloides, on the other hand, did nt cause a significant gut reaction. A.
      hydrophila multiplied in the ileal loop by about 10-5 wheras P. shigelloides did
      so at only 10-2-3. These experiments on a animal model thus indicated the
      enteropathogenic nature of A. hydrophilia, but no definite conclusion could be
      drawn from this study on P. shigelloides.

PMID- 1092867
TI  - Lysis enhancement: a novel form of interaction between beta-lactam antibiotics.
AB  - A novel form of synergy has been observed to occur between cephalexin and certain
      other beta-lactam antibiotics. In the presence of cephalexin a reduction was
      found in the concentration of other beta-lactam agents needed to induce lysis of
      Escherichia coli; the effect was particularly marded when cephalexin was allowed
      to act for a short time before the addition of the second agent. The basis of
      this type of synergy--which is not likely to be of therapeutic value--is
      discussed in terms of a theroy perviously put forward, whcih suggests that
      penicillins and cephalosporins have two distinct sites of action in Gram-negative
      bacilli.

PMID- 1092868
TI  - Primary cuspids used in occlusal rehabilitation: a 10-year evaluation.

PMID- 1092869
TI  - An unusual case of granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma).

PMID- 1092870
TI  - Editorials: Is the past relevant to the present or the future?

PMID- 1092871
TI  - Chemotherapeutic implications of early tumor cell growth in an animal brain-tumor
      model.
AB  - The onset of tumor cell proliferation was determined in an animal brain-tumor
      model in which tumor cells had been injected into the cerebrum of rats through a
      hollow stainless steel screw implanted stereotactically. Tritiated thymidine
      uptake in the DNA at various periods after injection of tumor cells indicated no
      significant proliferation of tumor cells until 168-192 hours post implantation,
      after which tritium uptake increased exponentially. Control rats with screws
      alone or screws through which balanced salt solution had been injected showed an
      increased uptake at 72 hours, a phenomenon not observed in animals given tumor
      cells. Our findings suggested that, in the tumor model described, experimental
      chemotherapy tests should be deferred until at least 7 days post implantation.

PMID- 1092872
TI  - Marek's disease in immunosuppressed chickens: growth of a transplantable lymphoma
      and development of the disease by natural exposure.
AB  - Evidence indicated that treatment of chickens with Cytoxan at hatching
      (bursectomy) had little effect on the development of transplantable Marek's
      disease (md) lymphoma. Cytoxan treatment of chickens at 2 and 3 weeks of age,
      however, apparently reduced the incidence of visceral tumors in chickens
      naturally exposed to MD. Amelioration of MD in immunosuppressed chickens was
      possibly mediated through suppression of MD-induced T-cell proliferation.

PMID- 1092873
TI  - Variations in carcinoembryonic antigen localization in tumors of the colon.
AB  - The localization of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in 78 tumors of the human
      colon was studied with the use of antibody to CEA in an indirect Coons test. The
      neoplasms differed morphologically and could be divided into two types: a)
      tissues in which CEA was localized in cells, and b) tissues in which malignant
      cells secreted CEA in greater or lesser quantity. In the first type of tissue,
      five forms of cells were observed: goblet-like, small vacuolar, limbic, those
      with intracellular accumulation of antigen, and diffuse. Tumor tissue secreting
      CEA could also be divided into five forms: holocrine-like, aprocrine-like,
      intraglandular, apical-basal, and lacunar-infiltrative. The change in CEA
      localization in pathologically altered cells were designated 'antigenic
      translocation."

PMID- 1092874
TI  - Interaction of BCG-activated macrophages with neoplastic and nonneoplastic cell
      lines in vitro : quantitation of the cytotoxic reaction by release of tritiated
      thymidine from prelabeled target cells.
AB  - Peritoneal cells from mice infected ip with Mycobacterium bovis, strain BCG, were
      cytotoxic to syngeneic tumor cells in vitro. Cytotoxicity was estimated by
      measurement of release of tritiated-thymidine (3-H-TDR) from prelabeled target
      cells. The cell responsible for tumor cytotoxicity was the macrophage.
      Macrophages from uninfected mice or from oil-, starch-, or thioglycollate-induced
      peritoneal exudates had little effect on labeled tumor monolayers. Tumoricidal
      macrophages were present at 3-7 days and persisted through 6 weeks after a single
      BCG injection. Two neoplastic/nonneoplastic cell-line pairs, all four of the cell
      lines derived from a cloned syngeneic embryo cell line, were used as target cells
      for BCG-activated macrophages. Both tumor cell lines released significantly more
      3-H-TDR than did the two nonneoplastic lines. In a mixed neoplastic/nonneoplastic
      target cell population, BCG-activated macrophages selectively destroyed the
      neoplastic cells; nonneoplastic cells were not affected as "innocent bystanders".

PMID- 1092875
TI  - Predictability of resolution of hypertrophic scars by scanning electron
      microscopy.

PMID- 1092876
TI  - Hand infections secondary to human bites.

PMID- 1092877
TI  - Progressive pulmonary insufficiency and other pulmonary complications of thermal
      injury.
AB  - Progressive pulmonary insufficiency appears to be a universal response to the
      lung to a variety of injuries which damage the pulmonary-capillary emdothelium.
      Persistent hyperventilation, unresponsive to the administration of oxygen, is the
      earliest clinical sign of this complication of trauma and should prompt close
      monitoring of pulmonary function (measurement of arterial blood gas and pH
      levels, Vd/Vt A-aDo2, minute ventilation, vital capacity and inspiratory force)
      to assess the severity of the disease, the need for mechanical ventilatory
      support and the effectiveness of treatment. Other pulmonary complications of burn
      injury range from carbon monoxide poisoning and narcotics overdosage in the
      immediate postburn period through marked hyperventilation directly related to
      burn size occurring in the absence of significant parenchymal change to later
      occurring hematogenous and airborne pneumonia. Inhalation injury, a chemical
      tracheobronchitis which significantly increases the mortality of a given-sized
      burn, may be present immediately postburn but clinically inapparent for 48-72
      hours. 133Xenon lung scans permit early diagnosis of this pulmonary injury and
      the timely institution of a graduated therapeutic response keyed to the severity
      of pulmonary disability. Knowledge of the pathogenesis of each of these
      complications is requisite for the physician caring for burn patients and permits
      the employment of rational preventive and therapeutic measures.

PMID- 1092879
TI  - Suppression of Candida albicans by Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1092878
TI  - Transnavicular perilunate dislocations.
AB  - A complex injury of the wrist, the transnavicular perilunate dislocation, is
      analyzed along with a review of the literature. A method of management is
      proposed for this injury based on experience gained with nine such injuries. Our
      conclusion is that open reduction and internal fixation is a necessity unless an
      anatomic manipulative reduction can be accomplished. It is proposed that a
      navicular bone graft be employed at 6 weeks if avascular necrosis of the
      navicular and early signs of nonunion are evident. The rationale for these
      proposals is discussed.

PMID- 1092880
TI  - Does immunosuppression by thermal injury depend on the continued presence of the
      burn wound?

PMID- 1092881
TI  - Media induced alterations of the membrane associated particles of the guinea pig
      sperm tail.

PMID- 1092882
TI  - The lipid globules of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae. A combined chemical and
      ultrastructural study using ultrathin frozen sections.

PMID- 1092883
TI  - Topography of lymphocyte surface immunoglobulin using scanning immunoelectron
      microscopy.

PMID- 1092884
TI  - New developments in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections.
AB  - Not long ago it was customary to expect an atmosphere of confrontation and
      controversy when urologic surgeons and infectious disease physicians met at
      conferences and symposia. Even more often each group exhibited an attitude of
      "benign neglect" towards the other. Times have changed in large part because of
      the efforts of the leadership group in urology. The establishment of an Advisory
      Board for this Journal, drawn from non-urological disciplines, is one example of
      the effort being made to draw together all concerned with urinary tract
      infections and pyelonephritis. I have been asked to review some practical up-to
      date matters relating to the diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections
      and pyelonephritis from the point of view of an infectious disease physician.
      However, it may be helpful to begin with a synthesis of current concepts of the
      natural history of urinary tract infection, since the need for early diagnosis
      and the tactics for treatment depend largely on our expectations for the patient.
      This synthesis requires definition of terms that are acceptable to a wide variety
      of disciplines. The review would then focus on new methods for screening and
      office diagnosis, antimicrobial sensitivity tests, localization of infection and
      indications for urologic investigation, particularly in relation to
      vesicoureteral reflux. New developments in treatment of urinary tract infections
      will be discussed. Special attention will be given to areas in which we are
      ignorant and require more information. Last, I will direct my attention to the
      problem of the urinary catheter, hoping to arrive at a synthesis of the situation
      which will tell it like it is but avoid overstating the case.

PMID- 1092885
TI  - Psychological factors in hypospadias repair.
AB  - Children undergoing hypospadias repair and their parents have anxieties related
      not only to the operation but to future expectations. These anxieties are
      expressed by children through their drawings and by parents through interviews.
      They are enhanced by the fact that the hypospadias defect is only noticeable to
      the parents and child and is kept as secret information. Other defects, such as
      cleft palate, are obvious and cannot be hidden. The anxieties associated with
      hypospadias appear to be different whem compared to those associated with more
      obvious deformities.

PMID- 1092886
TI  - [Anesthesiologists and the environment in the operation room].

PMID- 1092887
TI  - [Effect of iron particle inhalation and its treatment--with special reference to
      inhalation therapy and its therapeutic effects].

PMID- 1092888
TI  - [Respiratory care of young childred with special reference to application of
      positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP)].

PMID- 1092889
TI  - [Bibliography of antibiotics: Japanese literature CXXXIII (1)].

PMID- 1092890
TI  - Bibliography of antibiotics: Foreign literature CVII.

PMID- 1092891
TI  - [On flucloxacillin sensitivity determination by the disc method (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1092892
TI  - Effects of gentamicin on the intestinal bacterial flora of rats.
AB  - 1) Normal intestinal microbial flora (NF) in feces of rats were examined before
      and after administration of gentamicin (GM). Although GM caused no influence on
      NF after 6 hours, the number of NF decreased markedly 24 hours after GM, viz.,
      the count of coliforms, enterococci and lactobacilli was reduced to 1/10-1/100 of
      the control value while proteus and fusobacteria declines in number down to 1/100
      1/1,000 times as low as the control value. 2) The decreased count of NF tended to
      recover to some degree at the end of the 1st therapeutic week and the
      considerably recovered count continued thereafter indicating about 1/10 times as
      low as the control value until a 12-week experimental period, except that the
      count of lactobacilli returned to almost normal. 3) Susceptibility of coliforms
      isolated from GM-treated rats to GM was nearly equal to that of the bacteria
      isolated from the untreated control rats, which revealed no development of drug
      resistance to GM. 4) The increasing rate of body weight was higher in GM-treated
      rats than in the control, and the feed intake was consequently great in the
      former.

PMID- 1092893
TI  - [Drug-drug interaction and drug-induced interference with clinical laboratory
      test procedures--pharmacologic principles of drug interaction (author's transl)].

PMID- 1092894
TI  - [Infiltrative cells of the skin].

PMID- 1092895
TI  - [Infiltrative cells seen in the skin window--application of the skin window
      technic in research].

PMID- 1092896
TI  - [Suturing of the uterine cervix in cervical atony].

PMID- 1092897
TI  - [Open system clinic run by practicing midwives - its history of the last 15
      years. Sakura-machi Clinic at Fukuoka City].

PMID- 1092898
TI  - [Skin grafting].

PMID- 1092899
TI  - [Book review by discussion. On the revived edition of "Bedside Nursing" by Chika
      Ozeki].

PMID- 1092900
TI  - [Reading research reports critically. Guidelines for the student or the nurse in
      practice who needs to look critically and knowledgeably at the findings of
      research studies].

PMID- 1092901
TI  - [Surgical management of renovascular hypertension].

PMID- 1092902
TI  - Etiologic, pathophysiologic and clinical interrelationships in diabetes.

PMID- 1092903
TI  - Fountainhead of American physiology: H. Newell Martin and his pupil, William
      Henry Howell.

PMID- 1092904
TI  - Compleat clinician and a renaissance pathologist: Louis Hamman and Arnold R.
      Rich.

PMID- 1092905
TI  - [Action mechanism of anti-tuberculosis drugs].

PMID- 1092906
TI  - [Proceedings: Tuberculosis--50 years of clinical study: its past and present. (1)
      BCG].

PMID- 1092907
TI  - [Proceedings: Chemotherapy in tuberculosis. (3) Side effects].

PMID- 1092908
TI  - Sir Robert Robinson.

PMID- 1092909
TI  - Pathophysiologic responses of the subhuman primate in experimental septic shock.
AB  - The grave clinical aspects of septic shock have stimulated the search for an
      experimental animal model which more closely relates to human pathophysiology.
      This study of the cardiovascular-pulmonary-morphologic responses of the baboon to
      slow infusions of live Escherichia coli organisms was designed to approximate
      more closely the human clinical entity. Anesthetized young adult baboons received
      3-hour intravenous infusions of organisms at an average dosage of 8 times 10-9
      organisms per kg. body weight. Responses of animals were followed during a period
      of 6 hours in the anesthetized state. There was progressive systemic hypotension
      and steadily decreasing cardiac output. Total peripheral resistance was uniformly
      depressed during the infusion, but was variable during the post-infusion survival
      period. Increases in heart rate, alveolar-arterial oxygen tension gradient, and
      oxygen uptake were uniformly present. These alterations bear close resemblance to
      those seen in other subhuman primates administered short term doses of live
      organisms. There were extensive morphologic changes in pulmonary, cardiac, and
      renal beds. Glomeruli contained multiple fibrin thrombi and disrupted platelets,
      and the glomerular capillary endothelium was focally edematous and disrupted. The
      myocardium exhibited capillary endothelial edema and fluid accumulation in
      interfiber and intrafiber spaces. There were sequestration, degranulation, and
      fragmentation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and platelets, and characteristic
      endothelial lesions within the pulmonary vascular bed. Findings demonstrate both
      cardiovascular-pulmonary dysfunction and renal, cardiac, and pulmonary
      morphologic lesions. The baboon shock model appears to be well suited for studies
      of experimental septic shock and bears close resemblance to the human clinical
      entity.

PMID- 1092910
TI  - Oxygen toxicity in the newborn. The effect of prolonged 100 per cent O2 exposure
      on the lungs of newborn mice.
AB  - A comprhensive morphologic study of pulmonary oxygen toxicity was undertaken on
      78 newborn mice of a single, highly inbred strain continuously exposed to 100 per
      cent oxygen at normal atmospheric pressure for 7 days. The survival rate was 95
      per cent through the first 4 days and 75 per cent through the 7th day. Our
      findings indicate that response to continuous exposure to 100 per cent oxygen can
      be divided arbitrarily during the first 7 days into three different phases.
      During the first, or acute toxic, phase (which generally extends into the 3rd day
      of exposure), mechanisms, probably adaptive in nature, are sufficiently developed
      in some of the newborn animals to permit them to survive a continuous 7-day
      exposure. The acute toxic phase is followed by the critical, high mortality
      phase, which lasts 3 to 4 days. During this phase, which can be subdivided into a
      continuum of several stages, the changes seen in the initial, acute toxic phase
      may progress to more pronouced injury. If the injury is severe, massive pulmonary
      edema and hemorrhage occur, accounting probably for the deaths of most of the
      animals in previous similar experimental studies and of 25 per cent of our
      animals by the 7th day. The second stage of this high mortality phase, being more
      clearly reactive, consists of a progression of reactive mitochondrial changes,
      proliferation of granular pneumocytes, and a return to normal of the features of
      the membranous pneumocytes. The beginning of the third phase, the chronic injury
      and repair phase, is characterized by the appearance of fibroblasts and a
      concomitant moderate increase in the amount of collagen.

PMID- 1092911
TI  - Progression from minimal or focal to diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis.
AB  - Histologic classification of renal glomerular lesions in 46 patients with
      systemic lupus erythematosus revealed 17 as having either focal proliferative (10
      patients) or minimal mesangial proliferative (7 patients) glomerulonephritis. Six
      of the 17 have progressed to a diffuse proliferative glomerular lesion on
      subsequent renal biopsies, 9 months to 5 years later. Five had clinical
      deterioration at the time of follow-up biopsies; currently one is undergoing
      hemodialysis and four others have decreased renal function. Although a comparison
      of those who progressed with those who are stable revealed greater proteinuria in
      some of those who progressed, no other clinical features of the initial illness
      were different in the two groups, nor were differences between the two groups
      noted on light microscopic examination of initial renal biopsies. However,
      ultrastructurally, electron-dense deposits, especially those subendothelial in
      location, were noted along glomerular capillary basement membranes more
      frequently and in greater number in those who progressed. These findings suggest
      that lupus patients with a mild proliferative glomerulonephritis may have
      clinical and histologic progression of the renal disease, and those who progress
      cannot be clearly defined by clinical or light microscopic features.
      Ultrastructural demonstration of subendotheial deposits suggests a greater
      likelihood of subsequent progressive disease.

PMID- 1092912
TI  - School-age parenthood - a national overview.

PMID- 1092913
TI  - The 2DG-neutral red test for completeness of vagotomy.

PMID- 1092914
TI  - Bilary lipid composition after cholecystectomy.

PMID- 1092915
TI  - Effects of hemodilution on acute myocardial ischemia.

PMID- 1092916
TI  - Mammary-vertebral microsurgical anastomosis.

PMID- 1092917
TI  - Contribution of airway closure to pulmonary shunting in hypoxemic surgical
      patients.

PMID- 1092918
TI  - Antiendotoxic effect of water-soluble analogs of glucocorticoids.

PMID- 1092919
TI  - Serial percutaneous biopsies from canine orthotopic cardic allografts.

PMID- 1092920
TI  - Typhoid fever and the study of medical history. Part II.

PMID- 1092921
TI  - Typhoid and the study of medical history.  Part iii.

PMID- 1092922
TI  - A model of how the sickle-cell gene produces malaria resistance.

PMID- 1092923
TI  - Bronchographic and angiologic observations in experimental autotransplantation of
      a lung or lung lobe.
AB  - Roentgenologic examinations were conducted after 260 experimental
      autotransplantations of a lung or its lobe in the course of a long-term dynamic
      observation (maximum follow-up 4 1/2 years). Accentuation and indistinctness of
      the pulmonary pattern were observed in combination with small focal shadows in
      the early post-transplant period (up to 15 days) in dogs with an uneventful
      course. Dynamic observations (maximum follow-up 4 1/2 years) revealed no changes
      in the pulmonary tissue and no anatomic or functional changes in the bronchial
      tree and vessels. In the late period after orthotopic and heterotopic
      autotransplantation of the lower lobe, the changes were due to impaired
      topographic interrelations of the thoracic organs: Removal of the upper lobe of
      the intact lung into the upper part of the left pleural cavity. This phenomenon,
      the so-called mediastinal hernia, is facilitated by the mobility of the cranial
      part of the mediastinal septum in dogs. Heterotopic autotransplantation of the
      lower lobe in place of the removed contralateral lung resulted in no shift of the
      mediastinum and no changes in the autotransplanted lobe in the late follow-up
      period. The signs of a mediastinalhernia were less distinct than after orthotopic
      autotransplantation of a lung lobe.

PMID- 1092924
TI  - Fatal air embolism during thoracotomy for gunshot injury to the lung. Report of a
      case.
AB  - Fatal coronary air embolism occurred during thoracotomy in a patient with a
      gunshot wound involving the hilum of the right lung. Embolism was observed during
      a second period of failure of heart action. Evidently, air entered the pulmonary
      veins from the bronchus, which was receiving positive-pressure ventilation. The
      literature contains reports of only 3 similar cases, but we suspect that air
      embolism may be responsible for death and morbidity in additional cases in which
      accidental or iatrogenic lung trauma has produced a pathway between the bronchial
      tree and the pulmonary veins.

PMID- 1092925
TI  - An overview of research in cancer diagnosis.
AB  - The diagnostic research program of the National Cancer Institute encompasses
      detection or screening, methods of diagnosis, and prognosis. The present
      objective of this program is diagnosis of 75% of all cancers at a time when 90%
      of these have not metastasized. The Institute's Divison of Cancer Biology and
      Diagnosis has directed its attention toward general diagnostic methods
      (immunologic, chemical, cytologic, imaging, and endoscopic) and organ site
      programs (breast, lung, cervix, bowel, bladder, and pancreas). The organ site
      programs usually involve multiple diagnostic techniques applied to a specific
      organ. Screening for asymptomatic cancer seems an important immediate objective.
      Optimum frequency of screening should be established for individual organ sites
      and for combinations of sites, to determine whether multi-site screening programs
      can significantly reduce mortality from cancer.

PMID- 1092926
TI  - Hemangiosarcoma of the liver. Spectrum of morphologic changes and clinical
      findings.
AB  - Analysis of four cases of hemangiosarcoma of the liver and review of the
      literature indicate that these tumors are either predominantly cystic and fairly
      well differentiated or are more solid and poorly differentiated. Well
      differentiated hemangiosarcomas may resemble peliosis hepatis or other benign
      conditions. The tumor was associated disseminated intravascular coagulation and
      fibrinolysis syndrome in one of our cases. One of our patients had received
      thorium dioxide (Thorotrast) but none seemed to have been exposed to arsenicals
      or to vinyl chloride.

PMID- 1092928
TI  - History of the medical and chirurgical faculty 1899-1925. Part 1, 1899-1907.

PMID- 1092927
TI  - Effects of certain degenerative diseases of the spine, especially spondylosis and
      disk protrusion, on the neural contents, particularly in the lumbar region.
      Historical account.

PMID- 1092929
TI  - Robert F. Pitts, Ph.D., MD.

PMID- 1092930
TI  - Metabolic support for renal sodium reabsorption.
AB  - Our studies demonstrate that renal substrate metabolism may subserve several
      functions. 1. Substrate oxidation concerns us all, since it provides the support
      for the internal and external work functions of the kidney. It appears that only
      certain of the substrates utilized by the kidney have, as their major fate,
      oxidation. 2. All the substrates participate in the synthesis and turnover of
      intrarenal constituents. These rates remain to be quantified. In the case of free
      fatty acids, are their turnover rates through the intrarenal lipid pools
      proportional to T-Na+? If so, this phenomenon would be part of the Q-O2 minus T
      Na+ correlation. Or, is lipid synthesis related to T-Na+ in a nonlinear fashion?
      3. Certain substrates (lactate, glycerol, fructose, and probably free fatty
      acids) are readily interconverted in kidney. This phenomenon is particularly
      prominent when the blood concentrations of these substrates rise. Glucose or
      lactate are the major interconverion products, at least in vitro. Are there
      significant quantities of these or other products synthesized by kidney in vivo?
      The in vivo observations with 14-C-palmitate suggest, but do not prove, that this
      is the case. The prime example of a renal substrate interconversion mechanism is,
      of course, the one so carefully and completely elucidated by Pitts: minus NH3
      production from glutamine. The further questions he has raised in this area will
      undoubtedly keep him and us interested and active for some time to come.

PMID- 1092931
TI  - Distribution and transport of varied substances in the dog kidney in vivo:
      implications with regard to metabolic activities.
AB  - Some matters bearing on renal metabolic activities have been reviewed. The
      distribution of solutes to various regions of the kidneys depends not only on
      convection by blood and tissue fluid flow but also on diffusion of the solutes in
      the tissues. Lipid solubility may play a significant role in tissue diffusion in
      that substances with significant lipid solubility may have access to more direct
      pathways than strictly hydrophilic substances. Glucose utilization by the kidney
      is significant. Glucose may contribute as much as 25 per cent and lactate,
      through decarboxylation, as much as 30 per cent of the renal carbon dioxide
      production. Together, glucose and lactate may account for about 50 per cent of
      the total renal carbon dioxide production. There is evidence that there is
      substantial lactate production by the kidney as well as gluconeogenesis. The
      conditions for luminal and anti-luminal cell surface interactions with D-glucose
      differ with regard to configuration, conformation and phlorizin affinity.
      Possible pathways of entry of glucose into metabolic activities are briefly
      considered.

PMID- 1092932
TI  - Renal metabolism of citrate.
AB  - Our studies on renal handling of citrate have shown that: (1) citrate enters
      renal tubular cells from luminal fluid (reabsorption) and peritubular blood; (2)
      reabsorption becomes maximal, i.e., Tm-limited, at filtered loads 7 to 8 times
      the normal; (3) administration of malate stimulates net renal production of
      citrate, leading to release into urine (net secretion) and into peritubular
      blood; (4) acute metabolic alkalosis, induced while plasma citrate levels are
      above normal, depressess net citrate reabsorption, stimulates citrate release
      into peritubular blood and abolishes overall renal uptake of citrate; (5)
      essentially all citrate extracted by the kidney is converted to CO2 at endogenous
      circulating levels. This contribution is 15 per cent of the total renal CO2
      production and is independent of chronic alterations in acid-base balance.

PMID- 1092933
TI  - Regulation of renal glutamine deamination.

PMID- 1092934
TI  - Renal gluconeogenesis and amino-acid metabolism in man.

PMID- 1092935
TI  - Humoral regulation of compensatory renal growth.

PMID- 1092936
TI  - [The medico-legal expert society and forensic psychiatric practice].

PMID- 1092937
TI  - [A provincial physician in the last century--his environment and work
      conditions].

PMID- 1092938
TI  - [Thyroid hormones--a review].

PMID- 1092939
TI  - [Construction and management of a mucocutaneous transversostomy].

PMID- 1092940
TI  - [Maternal and infant mortality over 200 years at a public maternity hospital].

PMID- 1092941
TI  - [Mycophyma ventriculi].

PMID- 1092942
TI  - [Dobelius and other south Swedish history of medicine].

PMID- 1092944
TI  - Diencephalic vasodepressor responses independent of heart rate changes.

PMID- 1092943
TI  - Covalent interaction of carcinogens with DNA.

PMID- 1092945
TI  - Putative neurotransmitters involved in discharging gonadotropin-releasing
      neurohormones and the action of LH-releasing hormone on the CNS.

PMID- 1092946
TI  - Toxins of higher fungi.

PMID- 1092947
TI  - Toxins and teratogens of higher plants.

PMID- 1092949
TI  - [Inhibition of postradiation regeneration as one of the ways of increasing the
      action of ionizing radiation].

PMID- 1092948
TI  - Bacterial toxins.

PMID- 1092950
TI  - Morphological study of allogeneic tumor growth in mice bearing a glass cylinder.

PMID- 1092951
TI  - [Reticulosarcoma of the heart].

PMID- 1092952
TI  - [History of the Medical School of Cordoba].

PMID- 1092953
TI  - An appreciation of Earl Sutherland.

PMID- 1092954
TI  - Characterization of pancreatic islet monoamine oxidase.
AB  - Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is present in isolated islets of Langerhans of rabbits,
      golden hamsters, and rats. Tryptamine, tyramine, serotonin, and dopamine can
      serve as substrates for this enzyme. We compared the properties of islet and
      liver MAO in the rabbit. The Michaelis constant (K(m)) for tryptamine of islet
      MAO (6.5 times 10-5M) is greater than the K(m) of liver MAO (3 times 10-5M). The
      K(m) for tyramine of islet MAO (1.5 times 10-4M) is similar to the K(m) of liver
      MAO (1.8 times 10-4M). Islet MAO appeared to be more susceptible to heat
      inactivation (50 degrees C) than did liver MAO. This may be an artifact produced
      by the collagenase technique used in the preparation of the islets, as
      collagenase treatment of liver increased the thermal lability of the MAO in this
      tissue. Liver and islet MAO have a comparable sensitivity to MAO inhibitors such
      as clorgyline, deprenyl, tranylcypromine, pargyline, and harmine. The present
      report, along with previous reports that MAO inhibitors alter insulin secretion,
      suggests that islet MAO may modify insulin secretion.

PMID- 1092955
TI  - Pituitary-gonadal function in chronic renal failure: the effect of luteinizing
      hormone--releasing hormone and the influence of dialysis.
AB  - Sixteen adult male patients with chronic renal failure undergoing either chronic
      intermittent hemodialysis (HD) or chronic intermittent peritoneal dialysis (PD)
      were studied both before and immediately after dialysis. The gonadotropin
      responses to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was determined,
      revealing an excessive luteinizing hormone (LH) response with a delayed return to
      normal in both dialysis groups. No significant alteration in follicle-stimulating
      hormone (FSH) kinetics was observed. There was no significant difference in the
      mean gonadotropin responses to LH-RH between the HD and PD groups, and dialysis
      had no effect on either mean LH or FSH responses. The chronic renal failure
      patients with testicular atrophy had an excessive FSH response to LH-RH when
      compared to those patients without testosterone was significantly lower than
      normal. Chronic renal failure effects testicular function and testicular atrophy
      is associated with seminiferous tubular destruction and an excessive FSH
      response. Poor renal clearance may play a role in the abnormal LH response
      observed.

PMID- 1092956
TI  - Methods for estimating the biologic activity of the luteinizing hormone- and
      follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone.

PMID- 1092957
TI  - Methods for the assessment of peptide precursors. Studies insulin biosynthesis.

PMID- 1092958
TI  - Alcohol-chloroform extraction of hypothalamic hypophysiotropic peptides.

PMID- 1092959
TI  - Solid phase synthesis on luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues.

PMID- 1092960
TI  - Active site-specific reagents and transition-state analogs for enolase.

PMID- 1092961
TI  - Aldehyde dehydrogenase from baker's yeast.

PMID- 1092962
TI  - Preparation and analysis of mixtures of D-ribose 5-phosphate, D-ribulose 5
      phosphate, and D-xylulose 5-phosphate.

PMID- 1092963
TI  - Mutarotase (aldose 1-epimerase) from kidney cortex.

PMID- 1092964
TI  - Pyruvate formate-lyase from Escherischia coli and its activation system.

PMID- 1092966
TI  - Michigan State Medical Society directory.

PMID- 1092965
TI  - L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate-1.

PMID- 1092967
TI  - Darwin and Duchenne.

PMID- 1092968
TI  - "Quid dicet de magnete, de electro?".

PMID- 1092969
TI  - Gamma-ray densitometry in the analysis of hemodynamic function.
AB  - An instrument has been developed to record contrast dilution curves by a
      noninvasive technique. Transthoracic roentgen density alterations are recorded by
      use of a solid state radiation detector array. A small amount of injected
      nonradioactive, radiopaque contrast material is distrubuted throughout the
      central circulation. The detector array positioned over the cardiopulmonary
      silhouette, records changes in density during the passage of the contrast
      material, and typical indicator dilution curves are transcribed. These curves
      reflect changes in blood flow distribution, vascular volume, cardiac function,
      and intrathoracic vascular shunts; and define the hemodynamic status of the
      circulatory system.

PMID- 1092970
TI  - A fully automated cardiac output analysis system.
AB  - An automatic cardiac output analysis system is described in which indicator
      dilution studies are performed serially without operator assistance. Indicator
      dye injection, blood sampling, and monitoring for air entry into the system are
      performed automatically through a present program sequence. Sampled blood is
      returned to the subject through a venous cannula resulting in an absence of blood
      loss. This system may be used in performing cardiac output analyses on a serial
      basis and in infants and small animals where blood loss is critical.

PMID- 1092971
TI  - Biomedical engineers receive AAMI Foundation Award.

PMID- 1092972
TI  - The taste of dissimilar metals.

PMID- 1092974
TI  - Editorial: Starch granuloma.

PMID- 1092973
TI  - Double blind evaluation of long acting diethylpropion hydrochloride in obese
      patients from a general practice.
AB  - Obese patients encountered in general practice were studied in order to determine
      whether a long-acting form of diethylpropion hydrochloride (Tenuate Dospan) was
      more effective than placebo for weight loss. One hundred and two patients
      completed this double blind, 16-week crossover study. During the first eight
      weeks, the patients treated with diethylpropion hydrochloride lost significantly
      (P smaller than 0.001) more weight than the patients treated with placebo (an
      average of 11-1 lb or 6-4% of their initial weight as compared with 6-2 lb or 3
      6% of their initial weight). When the group taking diethylpropion hydrochloride
      crossed over to placebo for a second eight weeks, they lost an average of 1-5 lb
      (0-9% of their weight at the start of the second period), while the group who
      crossed from placebo over to diethylpropion hydrochloride lost an average of 6-7
      lb (3-8%). The advantages of diethylpropion hydrochloride over placebo are
      statistically significant.

PMID- 1092975
TI  - The starch granuloma syndrome.
AB  - Starch glove powder is not entirely innocuous when introduced into the peritoneal
      cavity. Foreign body granulomas formed as relation to starch deposited in the
      peritoneal cavity may closely resemble malignant seedlings and thus mislead the
      surgeon in his proposed treatment of bowel cancer. In addition, the occurrence of
      starch granuloma peritonitis may provoke an unnecessary operation in a patient
      presenting with fever and peritoneal irritation a few weeks after a seemingly
      uncomplicated laparotomy.

PMID- 1092977
TI  - Obituary: Brian Baxter Turner.

PMID- 1092976
TI  - Obituary: Leonard Walter Jonhston.

PMID- 1092978
TI  - Editorial: Transplant neurology.

PMID- 1092979
TI  - Spinal cord compression by extradural fat after renal transplantation.

PMID- 1092980
TI  - Obituary: Archibald Simpson Anderson.

PMID- 1092981
TI  - Editorial: Renovascular reconstruction rekindled.

PMID- 1092982
TI  - Results of surgical treatment of renovascular hypertension.

PMID- 1092983
TI  - Renovascular reconstruction in hypertension.

PMID- 1092984
TI  - Filarial arthritis in the Sepik District of Papua New Guinea.

PMID- 1092985
TI  - The Library of the New South Wales Branch of the Australian Medical Association.

PMID- 1092986
TI  - [Is treatment through medical insurance a bad investment?].

PMID- 1092987
TI  - [Assisted circulation].

PMID- 1092989
TI  - [Saint Catharina oil for rich and poor].

PMID- 1092988
TI  - [Scintigraphy. 1].

PMID- 1092990
TI  - [Efficiency of Cormelian in coronary insufficiency. Results of a double-blind
      study].

PMID- 1092991
TI  - Haloperidol in psychiatry.

PMID- 1092993
TI  - IV filters.

PMID- 1092992
TI  - Can aspirin prevent myocardial infarction?

PMID- 1092994
TI  - [The demonstration of twitching motility in Eikenella corrodens].
AB  - In 18 out of 39 strains of E. corrodens twitching motility was observed.
      Spreading colonies were associated with this kind of motility.

PMID- 1092995
TI  - [Results of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and continuous positive
      pressure ventilation (CPPV) in the neonatal idiopathic respiratory syndrome
      (IRS)].

PMID- 1092996
TI  - Nonclostridial crepitant cellulitis due to Klebsiella.

PMID- 1092997
TI  - Affiliation of the Mayo Foundation with the University of Minnesota.

PMID- 1092998
TI  - Treatment of end stage kidney disease.

PMID- 1092999
TI  - An x-ray diffraction study of ribosome structure.
AB  - Dense gels of E. coli 70 S ribosomes, their 50 S subunits, CM-like particles, RNP
      strands and their fragments, 38 S particles obtained from RNP strand folding upon
      addition of Mg2+ ions, and of unoriented salt-free and free rRNA sodium and
      magnesium salts were studied by X-ray diffraction. It was shown that under dense
      gel conditions RNA molecules contained in ribosomes unfolded by desalting, like
      all other particles considered here, have helical regions. Under these conditions
      free desalted RNA has no helical regions. Experimental data on X-ray scattering
      at medium angles were compared with the diffraction curves calculated for
      homogeneous prolate and oblate ellipsoids, for various ellipsoids containing a
      dense region or an internal cavity, and for ellipsoids containing internal
      periodic regions. The results indicate that the internal structure of the 50 S
      ribosome is periodic, i. e., its components form a periodic lattice. The lattice
      spacings are approximately 42 and 28 A with a 0.8g/g dry weight sample water
      content. When the 50 S particle water content drops below 0.2 g/g dry weight the
      periodic structure is disrupted. This disruption is reversible. It was shown that
      CM-like particles at high ionic strenght (2 M LiCl) have approximately the same
      internal periodicity as the 50 S particles, but in contrast they lose this
      periodicity at low ionic strength (10-2M tris-HCl and 5-10-3 M MgCl2).

PMID- 1093000
TI  - The value of irrelevance.

PMID- 1093001
TI  - The contribution of Gerhard Schmidt to biochemistry.

PMID- 1093002
TI  - Ability of formyl-methionyl-tRNA to initiate globin synthesis in the presence of
      double-stranded RNA or in the absence of hemin.

PMID- 1093003
TI  - The selective iodination of yeast phenylalanine transfer RNA with 125-I.
AB  - Yeast tRNA-Phe has been labelled with 125-I under conditions which conserve the
      tertiary structure. Significant labelling was only found to occur on specific
      cytidines in single stranded regions, while other cytidines in single stranded
      regions and all those in the double stranded region underwent iodination to a
      very small extent. The pattern obtained from iodine labelling satisfies the
      conformation of a model recently proposed for this tRNA.

PMID- 1093004
TI  - [Reticulosarcoma-like skin lesions in phenylketonuria (author's transl)].
AB  - Reticulosarcoma-like skin lesions are described in a boy with phenylketonuria
      (PKU) who was observed for 11 years. Association of the lesions with PKU is
      indicated by their dependence on the severity of the latter and their complete
      healing during treatment with low phenylalanine diet.

PMID- 1093005
TI  - Hypoglycemia in childhood. Evaluation of diagnostic procedures.

PMID- 1093006
TI  - [Tumor cells and hemopoietic precursors in cerebrospinal fluid in primary
      cerebral reticulosarcoma; changes during treatment].

PMID- 1093007
TI  - Endoscopic visualization of the pancreatic and biliary ducts.

PMID- 1093008
TI  - In memoriam: Gordon D. Oppenheimer, M.D., 1900-1974.

PMID- 1093009
TI  - Ultraviolet reactivation and ultraviolet mutagenesis of infectious lambda DNA:
      strong inhibition by treatment of DNA in vitro with UV-endonuclease from
      Micrococcus  luteus.
AB  - UV-endonuclease from Microcossuc luteus induces single-stranded breaks in UV
      irradiated DNA of phage lambda and the average length of the fragments produced
      (after UV-doses to DNA of 135 and 675 erg/mm2) is equal to the average spacing
      between pyrimidine dimers. The plaque-forming ability of UV-irradiated lambda DNA
      used to infect Ca++-treated uvr A6, uvrB5 or uvrC34 recipient Escherichia coli
      cells (but not uve+ cells) may be significantly enhanced by treatment of lambda
      DNA with UV-endonuclease. This enzyme strongly decreases the reactivation of UV
      irradiated lambda DNA caused by UV-irradiation of uvr+ or uvrA6 Ca++-treated
      cells and eliminates most clear-mutations especially if mutations are analysed
      using Ca++-treated uvr A6 recipient cells. It is concluded that UV-endonuclease
      switches a significant part of potentially mutagenic pyrimidine dimers from the
      UV-induced "error-prone" repair pathway to "error-free" excision repair pathway.

PMID- 1093010
TI  - A mutant of Eshcerchia coli K-12, URT-43, with a temperature-sensitive defect at
      the incision step  of the excision repair mechanism.
AB  - URT-43, which has a defect in excision repair, exhibits a temperature-dependent
      ultraviolet survival. It was shown that URT-43 requires protein synthesis but not
      DNA synthesis for recovery, by examining recovery in a growth medium containing
      chloramphenicol or nalidixic acid. The recovery of irradiated bacteriophage
      lambda in URT-43 took place in a medium containing nalidixic acid at 30 degrees,
      but not at 41 degrees, and chloramphenicol prevented this recovery. These results
      seem to imply that the product of the mutated gene in URT-43 is labile. URT-43
      was confirmed to have a temperature-sensitive mutation at the incision step of
      the excision repair mechanism by examining the nick formation of parental DNA in
      alkaline sucrose gradients. The release of pyrimidine dimers was reinvestigated
      directly by one- and two-dimensional paper-chromatography and indirectly by
      examining the distribution of DNA molecules synthesized after irradiation. Dimers
      were excised into the acid-soluble fraction when growing bacteria were incubated,
      but were not excised when in amino acid starved bacteria. These results suggest
      that URT-43 is a mutant slowly excising pyrimidine dimers because the product of
      a mutated gene concerned with the incision step of the excision repair mechanism
      is unstable.

PMID- 1093011
TI  - Mutagenic properties of cis-plantinum(II)diammino-dichloride in Escherichia coli.
AB  - cis-Platinum (II)diamminodichloride (PDD), an anti-tumor agent, induced
      auxotrophic mutations in Escherichia coli, some of which were reverted to
      prototrophy by exposure to PDD, 2-aminopurine (2-AP), and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N
      mitrosoguanidine (NTG), but not ICR derivatives. Similarly, various 2-AT-, NTG-,
      and ultraviolet light-induced auxotrophs were reverted to prototrophy by PDD.
      Some PDD-induced auxotrophs carried nonsense mutations and others could be
      phenotypically suppressed growth with streptomycin. Although these findings
      suggest that PDD promotes base substitutions, this mutagen may also cause base
      subtractions because (like NTG) it induced, at reduced frequency, reversion to
      prototrophy of certain ICR-induced auxotrophs. Isomeric trans-platinum
      (II)diamminodichloride, which lacks anti-tumor activity, was an ineffective
      mutagen. Near-optimal conditions for PDD-induced mutagenesis entailed prolonged
      cultivation with low levels of mutagen where the frequency of forward mutation to
      auxotrophy was 10-3 and that of a selected trp isolate to prototrophy was 10-2.

PMID- 1093012
TI  - Laboratory procedure for assessing specific locus mutations at the TK locus in
      cultured L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells.

PMID- 1093013
TI  - Mutagen screening with bacteria: niridazole and nitrofurans.
AB  - The mutagenic activity of nitrofuran derivatives and of niridazole is easily
      demonstrated by spot tests using E. coli WP2 and its uvrA derivative but not by
      spot tests using the S. typhimurium strains developed by Ames. Quantitative tests
      show that S. typhimurium TA 1538(but not TA 1535, -36 or -37) is weakly induced
      to revert by niridazole. However, the maximum yield of revertants is well below
      that obtained with E. coli WP2 uvrA. None of the S. typhimurium strains respond
      to the three nitrofurans tested even in quantitative tests. The S. typhimurium
      strains contain the reductase required for metabolic activation of the
      nitrofurans and treatment of a uvr+ S. typhimurium strain with niridazole or with
      nitrofurazone causes single-strand breaks in DNA.

PMID- 1093014
TI  - Mutagenicity of sodium hypochlorite for Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Sodium hypochlorite, a standard household item, induces base-substitution
      mutations in Salmonella typhimurium. Because of its potent bactericidal effect
      the mutagenicity of hypochlorite could best be demonstrated by short-term
      exposure to this chemical followed by the addition of ascorbic acid to decompose
      the hypochlorite.

PMID- 1093015
TI  - Giant hogweed sap: another enviromental mutagen.

PMID- 1093016
TI  - The mutagenic action of nitroimidazoles. II. Effects of 2-nitroimidazoles.
AB  - The 2-nitroimidazoles Ro-71051 (N-benzyl-2-nitro-1-imidazole-acetamide) and Ro-5
      9963 (3(2-nitro-1-imidazolyl)-1,2-propanediol) increased the mutation rate of a
      Klebsiella pneumoniae mutant to streptomycin-resistance including streptomycin
      dependence in Luria and Delbruck's fluctuation test in concentrations of 0.05-1
      mM and 0.02-0.2 mM respectively. The 2-nitroimidazole, azomycin, (Ro-5-9129/001)
      failed to increase the mutation rate. The results are compared to those obtained
      with the 5-nitroimidazoles methronidazoles metronidazole, nimorazole and
      dimetridazole, which caused a degree of increase similar to Ro-7-1051 and Ro
      59963.

PMID- 1093017
TI  - In vitro metabolic activation of chemical mutagens. II. The relationships among
      mutagen formation, metabolism and carcinogenicity for dimethylnitrosamine and
      diethylnitrosamine in the livers, kidneys and lungs of BALB/cJ, C57BL/6J and RF/J
      mice.

PMID- 1093018
TI  - The influence of ethanol and carbon tetrachloride on the mutagenic effectivity of
      cyclophosphamide in the host-mediated assay with Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 1093019
TI  - Mutagenicity of the food additive AF-2, a nitrofuran, in Escherichia coli and
      Chinese hamster cells in culture.

PMID- 1093020
TI  - Suppurative phlebitis of an arm vein from a "scalp-vein needle".

PMID- 1093021
TI  - Editorial: Fecal flora and resistance to invasive bacteria.

PMID- 1093022
TI  - Medicine and public affairs. Arriving with little notice - a new health chief for
      HEW.

PMID- 1093023
TI  - Carbohydrate digestion and absorption. Role of the small intestine.

PMID- 1093024
TI  - Identity and cytotoxic capacity of cells infiltrating renal allografts.
AB  - To determine the identity and cytotoxic capacity of lymphoid cells involved in
      allograft rejection, we studied viable, monodispersed cells recovered from 10
      rejected human renal allografts. A heterogeneous population of cells including
      macrophages and both bone-marrow (B) and thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes
      accumulate in rejected grafts. Infiltrating lymphocytes exerted a specific
      cytolytic effect on 51Cr-labeled peripheral blood lymphocytes bearing donor
      antigens, ranging from 7 to 44 per cent specific lysis in nine of 10 cases.
      Cytolysis was closely correlated (r equal 0.91, p less than 0.05) with the
      histologica grade of cellular rejection but not with humoral rejection,
      suggesting that cytotoxic lymphocytes are an important element in cellular
      rejection. Limited fractionation studies showed that both T cells (in early
      rejection) and non-T cells (in late rejection) may produce cytotoxicity. Since as
      many as 50 per cent of cells recovered bore Fc receptors, the rejection process
      may also involve antibody-dependent target-cell lysis.

PMID- 1093025
TI  - Role of behavior modification in preventive medicine.

PMID- 1093026
TI  - Countway happenings. John Warren.

PMID- 1093027
TI  - Editorial: Countway--a new Harvard eponym.

PMID- 1093028
TI  - Letter: Pseudo caduceus.

PMID- 1093029
TI  - Surgical measures for coronary heart disease (first of three parts).

PMID- 1093030
TI  - Letter: Turista.

PMID- 1093031
TI  - Surgical measures for coronary heart disease (second of three parts).

PMID- 1093032
TI  - Normal tissue responses to radiation therapy.

PMID- 1093033
TI  - Editorial: Dr. Priscilla White.

PMID- 1093034
TI  - Effect of temperature on growth and macromolecular biosynthesis in Cryptococcus
      species.
AB  - Cryptococcus neoformans, a pathogenic yeast, grows at temperatures between 25 and
      37 degrees C. However, the closely related non-pathogen C. albidus exhibits
      restricted growth at temperatures above ambient with little or no growth at 37
      degrees C. The inhibition of growth of the non-pathogen, as measured by
      turbidity, cell number, and per cent budding, is reversible after 48 hr at the
      non-permissive temperature (37 degrees C). Growth cessation at 37 degrees C is
      accompanied by a corresponding decrease in DNA synthesis, which is not observed
      in C. neoformans. RNA and protein synthesis in C. albidus and C. neoformans are
      only slightly affected at the elevated temperature. Degradation by nucleases does
      not seem to account for the differences found in this cumulative DNA synthesis in
      C. albidus at 25 and 37 degrees C. These facts suggest that C. albidus may
      possess a thermo-sensitive defect in the machinery responsible for the initiation
      of DNA replication.

PMID- 1093035
TI  - Incidence of yeasts and influence of nystatin on their control in a group of
      burned children.
AB  - The incidence of yeasts in the oral cavity, rectum and urine of a population of
      60 children hospitalized for treatment of acute second and third degree burns was
      approximately the same at the time of their admission as would be expected in
      healthy subjects. After hospitalization, the incidence of yeasts was reduced in
      the intestinal tract of acute patients who received nystatin orally but increased
      in the oral cavity. The majority of 418 yeasts were inhibited in vitro by less
      than 50 units/ml nystatin and only 6 yeasts were resistant to more than 3.1
      mug/ml amphotericin B. The oral cavity appeared to act as a significant reservoir
      from which yeasts spread to cause or contribute to the deaths of 2 of 5 patients
      who died during the study.

PMID- 1093036
TI  - Follicle stimulating hormone enhances attachment of rat testis cells in culture.

PMID- 1093037
TI  - T & B lymphocytes in thymus of SJL/J mice.

PMID- 1093039
TI  - Sensitivity of self-potentiating effect of luteinising hormone-releasing hormone
      to cycloheximide.

PMID- 1093038
TI  - Fusion of hen erythrocytes with yeast protoplasts induced by polyethylene glycol.

PMID- 1093040
TI  - Inhibition of airlicking in thirsty rats by cooling the preoptic area.

PMID- 1093042
TI  - Contractility of smooth muscle cells of rabbit aorta in tissue culture.

PMID- 1093041
TI  - Adult thymectomy results in loss of T-dependent mitogen response in mouse spleen
      cells.

PMID- 1093043
TI  - NMR evidence for common tertiary structure base pairs in yeast and E. coli tRNA.

PMID- 1093044
TI  - Ultraviolet inducible protein associated with error prone repair in E. coli B.

PMID- 1093045
TI  - [Death diagnosis with reference to irreversibly comatose artificially ventilated
      patients; conclusions from a study of the literature].

PMID- 1093046
TI  - [Dr. A.W. Endtz 50th anniversary as physician].

PMID- 1093047
TI  - [Sacrococcygeal teratoma and hydramnios].

PMID- 1093048
TI  - [Recent developments in fertility control: 1974].

PMID- 1093049
TI  - 50 years of medical practice.

PMID- 1093050
TI  - Great moments in American medicine.

PMID- 1093051
TI  - [100 years of "tendon" reflexes].

PMID- 1093052
TI  - [Subacute spongious encephalopathy of the Heidenhain type].

PMID- 1093053
TI  - Uremic intoxication.
AB  - The toxic effects of metabolites that are known to accumulate in renal failure
      are described and the role that they may play in causing uremic symptoms is
      considered. The opinion of the Authors is that all they are likely to take a
      lesser or greater part in uremic intoxication. Methylguanidine seems to be very
      important in this context while for some others (like amines) nothing can be
      stated for studies on their chronic toxicity are lacking. The hypothesis is also
      considered of the accumulation of unidentified toxic metabolites with a middle
      molecular weight. It is stated, as to this problem, that the clinical evidence
      apparently supporting univocally their existence, is instead also consistent with
      the hypothesis of toxins (like methylguanidine) having a preferential
      distribution in the intracellular fluid compartment.

PMID- 1093054
TI  - Disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in uremia.
AB  - Glucose intolerance and hypertriglyceridemia appear to be frequent metabolic
      concomitants of chronic uremia. Both these abnormalities are ameliorated but not
      eliminated by intensive hemodialysis and aggressive treatment of the uremic
      state. The plasma lipid alteration appears to result principally from
      disturbances in both the production and catabolism of the triglyceride-rich
      lipoproteins. The persistence of these well-recognized cardiovascular risk
      factors may contribute to the accelerated premature cardiovascular disease that
      appears to devastate chronic dialysis patients.

PMID- 1093055
TI  - Calcium and phosphorus metabolism in chronic uremia.
AB  - In chronic uremia, the clinical disorders o calcium and phosphorus metabolism are
      influenced by the following factors: (1) intestinal absorption of calcium and
      phosphate, resulting in a negative calcium and phosphate balance at normal
      dietary intakes; (2) renal handling of calcium and phosphate: the fractional
      transport of calcium (the isoosmotic reabsorption taking place in the proximal
      tubule) is not affected by GFR modifications, whereas the Tm-limited reabsorption
      is severely impaired; the external phosphate balance is kept, even in the
      presence of a reduced nephron population, by means of a proportional reduction in
      TmPO4 values; (3) physiochemical state and turnover of body calcium and
      phosphate: in uremic patients, the distribution spaces, turnover rate of calcium,
      and accretion rate of bones are increased in comparison with the controls; the
      calcium infusion test in patients with renal osteomalacia is followed by a
      regular increase in plasma [PO4], whereas a significant decrease is observed in
      patients with renal osteitis fibrosa, due to the extreme 'avidity' of bones for
      calcium phosphate; the role of hyperphosphatemia is critical in keeping the
      plasma [Ca] lower than the expected values for a given metabolic set; moreover,
      an increased cell uptake of phosphate could counteract to some extent the reduced
      renal clearance of phosphate; (4) structural and biochemical modifications of
      bone tissue: uremic osteodystrophy consists mainly of two components: (a)
      osteomalacia, with osteoid excess, disappearance of the calcification front, and
      diffuse pathologic mineralization, and (b) osteitis fibrosa, with severe
      resorption of normally mineralized bone, slight osteoid excess, and almost normal
      calcification front; (5) hormonal factors: chronic stimulation of parathyroid
      glands may result in suppressible or even autonomous hyperparathyroidism. As to
      vitamin D, it has been suggested that the uremic kidney is not able to synthesize
      the 1,25-di-OH-cholecalciferol, the active metabolite of vitamin D: this results
      in an impaired intestinal absorption of calcium. On the contrary, the role of
      calcitonin in chronic uremia is still uncertain, since low values of plasma [Ca]
      are usually observed.

PMID- 1093056
TI  - Hematologic disorders in renal failure.
AB  - Anemia is a frequent complication of renal failure. As in anemias of other
      origin, the resulting tissular hypoxia is partially compensated by an increased
      production of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in red cells and a shift to the right of the
      oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve. Two mechanisms are implicated in this
      anemia: increased hemolysis and depressed production of red cells. Decreased
      production of erythropoietin is probably the cause of reduced erythropoiesis, but
      the role of uremic intoxication has not been unequivocally excluded.  In the
      course of chronic hemodialysis, iron deficiency anemia and occasionally
      hypersplenism develop. It is noteworthy that blood requirements in anephric
      patients are two to three times greater than those of nonanephric hemodialyzed
      patients. Accordingly, bilateral nephrectomy should be restricted to carefully
      selected cases. At the present time, androgens seem to be the best treatment of
      renal anemia. Qualitative anomalies of platelets are the main factor responsible
      for uremic bleeding and are corrected by hemodialysis.

PMID- 1093057
TI  - Treatment of stage IV carcinoma of the prostate.
AB  - Accurate diagnosis and staging of carcinoma of the prostate is essential to
      rational management of this disease. Once dissemination outside the periprostatic
      area is established, treatment is essentially limited to systemic efforts to
      control or suppress tumor growth and local efforts to minimize secondary effects
      of tumor deposits. Disseminated tumor limited to pelvic nodes constitute a
      possible exception to this statement since excisional and radiotherapeutic
      efforts to eradicate these foci may be successful. At the present time, changes
      in a number of objective and subjective parameters are utilized to assess the
      effect of therapeutic endeavors. When these are taken as a group and combined
      with a clinical judgement, they undoubtedly have merit. On the other hand, when
      utilized in a relative fashion as isolated indicators of tumor responsiveness or
      recurrence, their value is limited. Since most patients with disseminated
      carcinoma of the prostate die from their disease, critical analysis of survival
      data is at present likely to provide the most accurate assessment of a
      therapeutic  endeavor. Estrogen administration or orchiectomy seem to be the
      systemic measures which combine relatively limited risk of morbidity with the
      greatest hope of initially controlling disseminated carcinoma of the prostate. Of
      these, evidence suggests that low dose estrogen therapy, 1 mg stilbestrol daily,
      provides the best opportunity for long-term control. Although length of survival
      does not seem to depend on the time at which the therapy is instituted, our
      prejudice is usually to start treatment when dissemination is recognized. The
      hope of providing a longer period of a better life by this practice requires
      evaluation. Combining local measures such as  transurethral resection with
      systemic measures may add to patient comfort and longevity. Recurrent progression
      of tumor after initial hormonal measures in often difficult to recognize and
      accept. In patients with recurrent tumor activity, measures based on the concept
      of persistence of hormone dependence have produced disappointing results. More
      sophisticated selection techniques may identify a small group of patients in whom
      this approach is likely to produce desirable changes. For the most part
      chemotherapeutic agents hold greater promise of effective therapy in this group
      of patients.

PMID- 1093058
TI  - Management of stage C prostatic carcinoma.

PMID- 1093059
TI  - Chemotherapy of prostatic cancer.
AB  - Until the last few years very little information has been available regarding the
      potential of chemotherapy in prostatic cancer. Few drugs have been adequately
      tested to determine their efficacy, if any. Of the little conventional
      chemotherapy that has been documented, only diethylstilbestrol diphosphate
      (Stilphostrol, Honvan) has been safe, effective (at least in relieving bone pain)
      and available for repeat courses of treatment. The several well controlled
      clinical trials recently embarked upon and described in this article should
      reveal much about the effectiveness in prostatic cancer of agents already
      accepted in chemotherapy of other malignancies. Newer drugs will also require
      thorough testing. At this time no specific recommendations for chemotherpay other
      than the use of intravenous diethylstillbestrol diphospate can be made. Agents
      like estramustine phosphate (Estracyt) and flutamide (SCH-13521) with little to
      no bone marrow, liver, or renal toxicity are very promising. Studies of single
      agent, sequential, and combined chemotherapy will necessarily lead to safe
      effective chemotherapy as adjuncts to surgery and/or radiotherapy for prostatic
      cancer in all stages.

PMID- 1093060
TI  - Hypomagnesemia following the diuresis of post-renal obstruction and renal
      transplant.
AB  - Three unusual cases are described which demonstrated hypomagnesemia and symptoms
      resembling magnesium deficiency syndrome. The hypomagnesemia was most likely
      secondary to urinary losses from diuresis following release of post-renal
      obstruction and renal homotransplantation. Heretofore, this association has not
      been described. Case 1 was unique because of the post-obstructive diuresis in the
      face of marked renal impairment. Case 2 is noteworthy because of the profound
      hypomagnesemia, 0.4 mEq/1, and because of the development of congestive heart
      failure. The rapid improvement noted in cardiac function with magnesium
      replacement suggests a relationship to magnesium deficiency.

PMID- 1093061
TI  - Uremic myocardiopathy.
AB  - The authors report on the myocardiopathy of seven patients with end-stage renal
      disease, characterized by fever, in four patients; tachycardia, gallop rhythm,
      pericardial rub, in most of patients; signs and symptoms of cardiac failure and
      increased cardiac area and alterations of the EKG in all patients.  Good
      remission of the symptoms ws achieved in two patients by hemodialysis and by
      successful renal transplantation in the others.  The likely etiologic factors of
      the syndrome are discussed.

PMID- 1093062
TI  - Number of nephrons in normal human kidneys and kidneys of patients with the
      congenital nephrotic syndrome.  A study using a sieving method for counting of
      glomeruli.
AB  - A method of graded sieving for counting of glomeruli in removed kidneys is
      described.  The number of nephrons (glomeruli) in six normal kidneys deriving
      from sutopsies of three children 22-73 months of age was 1.82 plus or minus 0.35
      times 10-6.  The results give a little higher number than most previous studies
      with which they are compared.  In the kidneys of two 10- and 15-month-old
      patients with the congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type the mean
      number of nephrons was 3.17 plus or minus 0.52 times 10-6 which is on the average
      73% higher than in the normal kidneys studied.  The number of nephrons in kidneys
      of five other patients showed an average of at least 3.42 plus or minus 0.30
      times 10-6 the counting method being a little different.  The unusually high
      number of nephrons in CNF kidneys seems to be fully evident.

PMID- 1093063
TI  - [Postoperative pulmonary complications following abdominal surgery. Study on the
      preventive use of a bronchosecretolytic agent associated with an antibiotic].
AB  - The factors leading to post-operative respiratory complications following
      abdominal surgery are examined. Data relating to a clinical study of
      laparotomised patients receiving a course of Bisolvomycin in the immediate
      postoperative period are presented. This treatment led to a marked fall in the
      incidence of complications, even in a group of subjects with chronic
      bronchopneumopathy. Its usefulness as systematic management for subjects about to
      undergo abdominal surgery is urged.

PMID- 1093065
TI  - [Piero Fornara (1897-1975)].

PMID- 1093064
TI  - [Benzbromarone in the treatment of hyperuricemias].
AB  - Benzbromarone, a synthetic benzofurane, was administered in a series of 23
      patients with hyperuricaemia: 5 with gout, 8 with secondary forms, 6 with renal
      insufficiency, 4 undergoing diuresis with etacrinic acid. The drug was also given
      to 10 subjects with normal values. A surprisingly rapid and constant
      hypouricamising effect was noted, together with marked hyperuricuria. These
      changes were more prompt in the controls and relatively late and protracted in
      the diseased subjects, expecially those with gout. The drug was also active in
      renal insufficiency. Its effects ceased on suspension. It cannot be seen as a
      simple hyperuricuric preparation, since it may have some effect on the metabolic
      pathways that degrade purines to uric acid. The drug is similar to benziodarone.
      The replacement of iodine by two bromine atoms in its formula, however, ensures
      its freedom from side-effects.

PMID- 1093066
TI  - [Klippel-Feil syndrome and associated malformations. Comments on an unusual
      case].
AB  - An unusual association of Klippel-Feil syndrome and other abnormalities
      (Sprengel's deformity, 1st cervical and 1st dorsal spina bifida, homovertebral
      bone, scoliosis, plagiocephaly, basilar impression, pterygium colli, nanism,
      hypogenitalism, etc.) together with neurological signs of amyotrophic lateral
      sclerosis, in a 36-yr-old woman is reported. The clinical and radiological
      pictures are examined and the exterior morphology is examined. The three types of
      Klippel-Feil syndrome are discussed, together with the particular alterations
      observed in the present case: Sprengel's deformity, spina bifida, craniostenosis,
      basilar impression, etc.

PMID- 1093067
TI  - [Computer study of the anatomo-clinical characteristics of breast carcinoma. II].
AB  - Data relating to the major and minor clinical features of breast cancer were
      examined in 200 cases and correlated to obtain an overall picture of the
      objective picture. The classic pattern was present in most cases. Some data, such
      as patient occupation and the extent of lymph node invasion expressed different
      meanings, while various parameters led to dubitative conclusions.

PMID- 1093068
TI  - [Cyto-histological correlations in the diagnosis of precancerous lesions of the
      cervix uteri].

PMID- 1093069
TI  - [Clearance of xenon-133 for the study of myometrial blood flow in the pelvic
      congestion syndrome].

PMID- 1093070
TI  - The relationship between infection and the iron status of an individual.

PMID- 1093071
TI  - Renal handling of salt by preterm infants.

PMID- 1093072
TI  - Nutrition classics: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.
      For the year MDCCCXXVII. Part I. Volume CXVII:355-388, 1827. XXIII. On the
      ultimate composition of simple alimentary substances; with some preliminary
      remarks on the analysis of organized bodies in general. By William Prout.

PMID- 1093073
TI  - Folic acid metabolism in vitamin B12 deficiency.

PMID- 1093074
TI  - Diagnostic kits.

PMID- 1093075
TI  - The treatment of chronic renal failure in New Zealand.
AB  - The treatment of chronic renal failure by centre haemodialysis and home
      haemodialysis are described. Since 1969 there has been a home dialysis programme
      at Christchurch. Some 63 patients were treated and 17 have died, six deaths
      occurred during training, four died after renal transplantation and seven died of
      other causes. The training time was on average 15 weeks. The implications of this
      form of management are discussed.

PMID- 1093076
TI  - Pilot study on the effect of New Zealand green mussel on rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - An extract of the New Zealand green mussel did not show any greater effect than a
      placebo when given to five patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a double-blind
      crossover trial.

PMID- 1093077
TI  - Obituary: John Joseph Bourke.

PMID- 1093078
TI  - Removing cemented crowns and bridges without destroying them.

PMID- 1093080
TI  - Construction of a mastery-oriented teaching unit using a minicomputer.

PMID- 1093079
TI  - Protein hormones in gynecology: biochemical and physiological aspects.

PMID- 1093081
TI  - The early descriptions of the so-called tuning-fork tests of Weber, Rinne,
      Schwabach, and Bing. II. The "Rhine Test" and its first description by Polansky.
AB  - Concerning the first description of the so-called tuning-fork test of Rinne the
      literature refers to a publication by him in 1855. In this work Rinne describes,
      among many other observations, a method to compare air and bone conduction
      hearing, and adds the remark that the technique could be used for the diagnosis
      of deafness. It appears, however, that long before Rinne, Polansky (1842) gave a
      complete account of the test and its practical use. Polansky's description seems
      to have been forgotten. Rinne's report, too, was lost for a long period until 25
      years later when Lucae (1882) and Schwabach (1885) confirmed the usefulness of
      the test which - in spite of its earlier discovery by Polansky - has born Rinne's
      name ever since.

PMID- 1093082
TI  - The early descriptions of the so-called tuning-fork tests of Weber, Rinne,
      Schwabach, and Bing. III. The development of the Schwabach and Bing tests.
AB  - In the third and last part of this study the development of the so-called tuning
      fork tests of Schwabach and Bing is discussed. The attention is called to the
      work of Schmalz (1849), Lucae (1880) and Emerson (1884). These authors preceeded
      Schwabach (1885) in using and describing the test which became only generally
      accepted through Schwabach's extensive study and since then bears his name. As to
      the so-called Bing or occlusion test, Bing's (1891) work is reviewed and the
      attention is drawn to an early and apparently forgotten description of this test
      by Rinne (1885).

PMID- 1093083
TI  - Ernst Mach on the vestibular organ 100 years ago.
AB  - Ernst Mach (1838-1916) performed pioneering research on vestibular function 100
      years ago. His experiments were mainly psychophysical and included measurements
      of threshold and study of the vestibular-visual interaction. Contrary to general
      belief, he concluded that the adequate stimulus for the semicircular canals must
      be pressure. He presented evidence specifically against the sustained endolymph
      flow theory of Breuer (1874) and Crum Brown (1874), with which he is frequently
      associated. Excerpts from his publications are given and their relevance to
      current research is discussed.

PMID- 1093084
TI  - Anatomic considerations in glenohumeral joint.

PMID- 1093085
TI  - Differential diagnosis of shoulder pain.

PMID- 1093086
TI  - Congenital and developmental defects of the shoulder.

PMID- 1093087
TI  - Obstetrical paralysis.
AB  - Most patients with obstetrical paralysis have some useful functional return, and
      early recognition and treatment help prevent rapidly developing shoulder
      contractures. Initial physical therapy includes passive range of motion
      exercises. Fixed contractures must be released prior to reconstructive surgery
      designed to improve funtion. An approach to the diagnosis, evaluation, and
      treatment of obstetrical paralysis is given.

PMID- 1093088
TI  - Fractures of the proximal humeral epiphysis.
AB  - Displacements of the proximal humeral epiphysis at the epiphyseal plate result
      from extension injuries. The configuration of the epiphyseal plate and the
      thickness of the periosteum surrounding the epiphysis make slight to moderate
      displacements relatively stable injuries, which can be treated successfully with
      external support. In patients with more severe  displacement, flexion, abduction,
      and slight external rotation of the distal fragment bring the metaphysis into
      alignment with the proximal fragment, correcting the anterior angulation.  The
      thick periosteal sleeve attached to the physis through which the  metaphysis
      tears out anteriorly has great potential for remodeling the persistant bowing
      that remains after healing of the fracture. Although shortening and residual
      angulation results from closed treatment are almost always good and open surgery
      is rarely  indicated.

PMID- 1093089
TI  - Recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder.

PMID- 1093090
TI  - Ruptures of the rotator cuff.

PMID- 1093091
TI  - Symptomatic full thickness tears of rotator cuff. An analysis of 292 shoulders in
      276 patients.

PMID- 1093092
TI  - Fractures  of the proximal humerus.

PMID- 1093093
TI  - Modern concepts in the treatment of unicameral bone cysts of the proximmal
      humerus.

PMID- 1093094
TI  - Neurological complications of closed shoulder injuries.

PMID- 1093095
TI  - Modern concepts of diagnosis and treatment of the thoracic outlet syndrome.
AB  - Neurovascular compression at the thoracic outlet results from one or several
      local anatomic abnormalities, all involving the first rib to some extent. The
      pathologic processes produced involve syndromes usually affecting the ulnar
      nerve, the subclavian artery, or the subclavian vein. The majority of these cases
      should be managed in a nonoperative fashion and surgical treatment reserved for
      patients who are unresponsive to these measures. Initial conservative
      nonoperative treatment with physiotherapy and patient education produces
      satisfactory results in 70 per cent of the patients. Operative intervention, when
      necessary, results in satisfactory results in 90 per cent of the cases and
      requires first rib resection in conjunction with repair of all other attendant
      mechanisms. The anterior operative approach is strongly recommended whenever
      vascular repair is contemplated.

PMID- 1093096
TI  - Soft tissue disorders of the shoulder. Frozen shoulder, calcific tendintis, and
      bicipital tendinitis.
AB  - The painful periarticular conditions about the shoulder joint-calcific
      tendinitis, bicipital tendinitis, and frozen shoulder syndrome-are seen commonly
      in the general practice of medicine or in the practice of orthopedic surgery.
      Their etiologies are unknown. Their treatment is relatively simple and depends
      upon a knowledge of the anatomic structures involved and the proper use of rest
      and exercise. Operative intervention is rarely necessary in any of these
      conditions. The frozen shoulder syndrome, however, in our experience is best
      treated in the subacute or chronic stages by infiltration brisement under general
      anesthesia.

PMID- 1093097
TI  - Neoplasms of the shoulder girdle.
AB  - The author has briefly discussed radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and
      chemotherapy in the treatment of some of the more commonly encountered disease
      entities affecting the shoulder girdle. Specific operations and their indications
      are discussed. However, utilizing physical and x-ray examination, arteriography,
      lymphangiography, and bone scan information, the surgeon may decide that the
      routine operation is not indicated for a particular tumor problem. He should be
      able to be flexible and to modify the operation according to the specific
      presenting problem and not be bound by routine fixed rules. In this way the
      patient can be assured of the very best treatment.

PMID- 1093098
TI  - Surgical approaches to the shoulder.

PMID- 1093099
TI  - [Intrapericardial teratoma, report of a case].

PMID- 1093100
TI  - Physicians organize to preserve Benjamin Rush house.

PMID- 1093101
TI  - What you should know about medicare.

PMID- 1093102
TI  - The placenta and placental transfer of drugs at term.

PMID- 1093103
TI  - [Study of human chromosomes using fluorescence technics].
AB  - Fluorescent techniques permitted us to draw up a system of banding of human
      chromosomes, using quinacrine derivatives. This procedure may be used to measure
      the density of the chromosomes. Recently, other techniques which use various
      fluorochromes after denaturation, have been developed. The latter, which use
      acridine orange, give remarkably reliable and reproducible results. These
      techniques are particularly useful for the analysis of structural changes in the
      chromosomes. Their use is illustrated by a certain number of observations where
      they permitted the authors to determine the type of structural change and
      identify the chromosomes involved. The method of constitution and significance of
      the fluorescent bands is very controversial. It is not clearly known whether the
      fluorochromes combine with DNA or with protein bound to the latter. In spite of
      this uncertainty, the existence of heterogeneity in the structure of the
      chromatids at the metaphase provides new information for the understanding of
      chromosome organisation.

PMID- 1093105
TI  - [Klebsiella septicemia. Epidemiologic aspects based on antigenic and biochemical
      studies of strains].
AB  - 50 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated by blood cultures at Brugmann
      Hospital (Brussels) between 1967 and 1971. The biochemical and antigenic
      characteristics of the strains and their sensitivity to antibiotics were
      determined for epidemiological purposes. With the exception of the strains found
      in an hemodialysis unit, where the study showed the existence of an epidemic
      focus caused by serotype 28 biotype d, the strains consisted of a large number of
      capsular serotypes and of biotypes, excluding a single source of contamination
      for these septicemic infections. There is no relationship between the serotype of
      the strains and their sensitivity to antibiotics.

PMID- 1093104
TI  - [Study of several parameters of hemostasis in Masugi's rabbit nephritis].
AB  - During experimental Masugi nephritis in the rabbit, were demonstrated various
      disturbances in hemostasis: a) during the initial stage: immediate, severe and
      transient fall in the platelet count without any change in Factor V;b)during the
      secondary stage, from the 7th to the 8th day onwards, increase in platelets and
      fibrinogen, in relation with the intensity of the nephrotic syndrome; c) in
      parallel, appearance of urinary fibrinogen split products in relation to the
      intensity of the glomerular lesions, evidence for the presence of intraglomerular
      fibrin. These facts confirm the role played by platelets in coagulation phenomena
      secondary to the immune reaction. They indicate, furthermore, the existence of
      hemostasis disorders during the nephrotic syndrome.

PMID- 1093106
TI  - Nocardiosis in children: report of three cases and review of the literature.
AB  - The clinical illnesses observed in three adolescents with Nocardia asteroides
      infection are described. The organism has been classified as a bacterium and
      placed in the Actinomycetaceae family. Sulfonamides remain the first choice for
      chemotherapy but alternative drugs are available and may be essential in
      successful therapy. Nocardial infections in children indicate the need for
      evaluation for an underlying immunological deficiency. Nocardia species should be
      considered as possible causative agents in immunocompromised patients with
      infection.

PMID- 1093108
TI  - Observations on effects of a central stimulant drug (methylphenidate) in children
      with hyperactive behavior.
AB  - Ninety-eight hyperactive children, ages 6 to 12 years, have been treated with
      methylphenidate or placebo under double-blind conditions.  Only one of the 48
      children receiving placebo (2%) was judged to be a drug success.  Seventy-nine
      percent of the 94 children receiving methylphenidate were judged to be drug
      success at the end of the 16-week trial period.  A wide range of dosage (0.2 to
      1.9 mg/kg) was required for optimum drug effects.  Drug failures were due either
      to appearance of withdrawn, apathetic behavior in the child (6 cases) or lack of
      evidence of drug effectiveness (14 cases).  Overweight children did not respond
      well to medication even though milligram per kilogram dosage was equivalent to
      that in children who were categorized as drug successes.  The most dramatic
      successes were seen in children who might be characterized as exhibiting
      "developmental hyperactivity," i.e., hyperactivity in the absence of other
      evidence of neurological or emotional disturbances.  We conclude that a trial of
      stimulant drugs is clearly indicated in hyperactive children manifesting
      significant impairment of educational and social progress.  Dosage adjustment and
      judgement of drug success or failure require regular reports from teachers and
      parents.

PMID- 1093107
TI  - Relationship of diet to lead poisoning in children.
AB  - Forty-six children, aged 24 to 47 months (25 controls and 21 subjects) chosen
      according to low and high blood lead levels respectively, were studied to
      ascertain the presence or absence of a relationship between dietary intake and
      the occurrence of plumbism (in children of low-income families).  Through single
      blind interviews by a nutritionist, dietary intakes were gathered, and the
      average daily intake of calories, protein, and iron was calculated.  Hemoglobins,
      hematocrits, heights, weights, blood lead levels, and social demographic data had
      been gathered during the routine check for lead poisoning and at registration at
      the clinic.  The mean caloric and protein intake as percent of recommended
      dietary allowances were equal and adequate for both controls and subjects.  There
      was no statistically significant difference between the controls and subjects
      with respect to iron intake which was low in both groups.  Mean hemoglobin and
      hematocrit levels were in the anemic range for both groups.  The subjects were
      shorter and weighed less than the control group.  Pica was more prevalent among
      children with plumbism.  The findings of this study suggest that some factors
      other than dietary intake must account for the occurrence of lead poisoning in
      the subjects and that Blacks have a higher prevalence of plumbism in our area.

PMID- 1093109
TI  - Current status of the use of theophyllines in children.

PMID- 1093110
TI  - Experience and reason--briefly recorded.  Treatment of acrodermatitis
      enteropathica with zinc sulfate.

PMID- 1093111
TI  - LETTER: Group G streptococcal sepsis.

PMID- 1093112
TI  - [Comparison of immunofluorescent and morphological studies in lethal outcome of
      aucte respiratory viral diseases in children].

PMID- 1093113
TI  - [Anti-measles vaccine and tuberculin-type allergy].

PMID- 1093114
TI  - [Omega shaped catheter utility in carotid endarterectomy under shunt].

PMID- 1093116
TI  - [Jean Quenu, 1889-1975].

PMID- 1093115
TI  - [Malignant arterial hypertension].

PMID- 1093117
TI  - [Is talc a carcinogen? Review of current data].
AB  - The authors review the literature concerned with the carcinogenic hazards of a
      long term exposure to talc. The epidemiological and experimental data are
      controversial, but, however, seem to be sufficient to draw attention to, and to
      introduce special precautions for occupationally exposed individuals. Large
      experimental and epidemiological studies should be undertaken.

PMID- 1093118
TI  - [Cardiac hemochromatosis. Anatomic, clinical and hemodynamical data].
AB  - The cardiovascular manifestations of idiopathic familial haemochromatosis (I.H.)
      should be well known. Of 25 patients seen for the most part in a Nutrition
      Endocrinology Service, 10 suffered a purely cardiological problem at some point
      in their course.14 out of 18 patients had definite haemodynamic abnormalities.
      The discovery of cardiac haemochromatosis necessitates: a) depletive therapy by
      venesection which in certain cases is associated with the returm to normal of
      clinical and haemodynamic abnormalities (8-18-25). b) careful investigation of
      the family which, when positive, gives evidence of the primary nature of the iron
      excess. In members of the family suffering from I.H., early preventive therapy by
      vensections avoids the development of cardiovascular complications which are
      responsible for approximately 10 to 15 p.cent of causes of death in association
      with I.H.

PMID- 1093119
TI  - [Letter: Ascrtogenicliver cirrhosis. Effect of amiloride on water
      electrolytemetabolsim].

PMID- 1093120
TI  - [Circulatory survival of irreversible comas].
AB  - On the basis of a series of 53 cases of irreversible coma maintained in
      circulatory survival with the aim of removing the kidneys, the authors discuss
      the mode of treatment, with particular reference to the intravenous fluids used
      and the use of medications influencing the circulation. Fluid and electrolytes
      given must be adjusted hourly to ensure the exact replacement of urinary losses.
      Isoprotenerol is the only medication usually necessary. In the event of
      circulatory insufficiency, which is difficult to foresee and hence prevent,
      immediate volume expansion in a  short a time as possible and isoprotenerol most
      frequently correct the situation (14 out of 17 cases). Thus effective circulation
      may be maintained until the kidneys are removed (48 out of 53 cases). 92 p.cent
      of the grafted kidneys functioned from the first day onwards.

PMID- 1093121
TI  - [Letter: myocardial infarct. Randomized treatment using streptokinase].

PMID- 1093122
TI  - [Letter: A synthetic analog of vasopressin (DDAVP). Value in the treatment of
      pitressin-sensitive diabetes insipidus].

PMID- 1093123
TI  - [Immunologic stimulation in prevention of bacterial respiratory infection. Trial
      objective evaluation by changes in serum and sputum Ig(A and G)].

PMID- 1093124
TI  - [Spontaneous peritoneal infection in cirrhotic patients].

PMID- 1093125
TI  - [Mexiletine. Action on heart rhythm disorders].

PMID- 1093126
TI  - [The hemodialysis-transplantation association makes possible yearly economizing
      of hospital costs].

PMID- 1093127
TI  - [Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after kidney transplantation. Early diagnosis by
      distal bronchial brushing].
AB  - Distal bronchial brushing is one of the methods used in the in vivo
      indentification of Pneumocystis carinii, a parasite associated with severe
      pneumonia, the development of which is induced by immuno-depression, particularly
      after renal transplantation. In three patients the pathogenic agent was
      demonstrated in alveolar material obtained in this way. The technique is simple
      and risk-free. It may be used early and repeatedly.

PMID- 1093128
TI  - [Repair of large losses of cranial vault tissue. Embedding of split ribs in
      cranioplastics].

PMID- 1093129
TI  - [Hemolytic Streptococcus of the B group of Lancefield. Value of its detection].

PMID- 1093130
TI  - [Letter: Australia antigen and glomerulonephritis].

PMID- 1093131
TI  - [Glipizide: a 2d generation sulfonamide and new antidiabetic].

PMID- 1093132
TI  - [Letter: Immunofluorescent and electron microscopic study of the liver in
      hepatitis B].

PMID- 1093133
TI  - Letter: Dysimmunity. Test for its evaluation in chronic inflammatory rheumatism
      and connectivitis.

PMID- 1093134
TI  - [Behcet's disease in 1975].

PMID- 1093135
TI  - [New technic of detection of immunoglobulins by immunofluorescence. Comparative
      values of classical fixation and freezing].

PMID- 1093136
TI  - Binding of lactose repressor to poly d(A-T) : OD AND CD melting of the complex.
AB  - The binding of lactose repressor to poly d(A-T) at low ionic strength has been
      investigated by heat denaturation. The poly d(A-T) melting is monitored by
      optical density and the protein melting by circular dichroism. From the
      modification of the poly d(A-T) melting curve we estimate a maximum binding ratio
      of about one tetrameric repressor to about 20 basic pairs. The repressor melting
      can be interpreted as a global shift from a to b structure of about 25 residues
      per subunit. The melting curves of poly d(A-T) and repressor have not a shape
      easy to interpret; nevertheless both show a cooperative transition in the same
      temperature range where we can evaluate that about 3.8 aminoacid residues shift
      from a to b structure when 1 bases pair melt.

PMID- 1093137
TI  - On the statistical significance of primary structural features found in DNA
      protein interaction sites.
AB  - Probabilities of occurrence for a number of the symmetries and other sequence
      regularities found in DNA-protein interaction site sequences have been calculated
      for segments of random DNA sequence. Results show that many of the symmetrical
      and repetitive features seen in these interaction sites are likely to have
      occured by chance. Other features are so unlikely to have occurred by chance that
      they are probably involved in the DNA-protein interaction processes.

PMID- 1093138
TI  - The biological activity of bacteriophage DNA, prepared by the cationic detergent
      dilution technique.
AB  - The preparation of phage lambda DNA infecting E. coli K 12 with cationic
      detergent is described. This DNA infects E. coli spheroblasts with the same
      efficiency as DNA prepared by phenol methods.

PMID- 1093139
TI  - Photo-incuced cross-linkage of gene-5 protein and bacteriophage fd DNA+.
AB  - The gene 5 protein, coded for by the bacteriophage fd, forms a complex with
      single stranded fd-DNA such that one gene 5 protein monomer interacts with four
      bases. Exposure of this complex to ultraviolet light results in the formation of
      covalent bonds between 25-30% of the gene 5 protein monomers which are bound to
      the DNA. In contrast, when the intact fd virion, which is a complex of coat
      protein and DNA, was exposed to ultraviolet irradiation, no detectable protein
      DNA cross-links were found.

PMID- 1093140
TI  - The secondary structure of E. coli ribosomes and ribosomal RNA's: a
      spectrophotometric approach.
AB  - The thermal denaturation spectra of E. coli 50s and 30s ribosomal sub units and
      of their isolated RNA's were studied over the wavelength range of 2300-3000
      Angstrom. It was possible to fit the experimental denaturation spectra with super
      positions of the reference spectra for denaturation of A - U and G - C base pairs
      derived from model polyribonucleotides. The coefficients of these linear
      combinations were used to calculate the fractions of A - U and G - C base pairs
      in the samples. It was found that the helical content of the RNA's inside the
      subunits is smaller than that of the isolated RNA's, thus suggesting that
      proteins may affect the secondary structure of RNA in the ribosome.

PMID- 1093141
TI  - (dA-dT) dependent inactivation of the DNA template properties by interaction with
      netropsin and distamycin A.
AB  - The inhibitory effect of the polypeptide antibiotics netropsin and distamycin A
      on DNA dependent nucleic acid synthesis has been shown to be related to the base
      composition of the template DNA. A number of natural DNA's of quite different dA
      dT content as well as poly (dI-dC)-poly (dI-dC), poly (dA-dT)-poly (dA-dT), poly
      (dA) - poly (dT) and poly (dG) - poly (dC) has been studied as templates in DNA
      and in part in RNA polymerase reaction. The highest binding efficiency of
      netropsin existing for (dA-dT) - containing DNA polymers and the less pronounced
      interaction with the (dI-dC)-containing polymer shown by the melting and CD
      spectrral behaviour of the complexes are entirely reflected in the template
      inactivation. The same is evident for distamycin A. However, in contrast to
      netropsin the antibiotic distamycin A exhibits some binding tendency to poly (dG)
      - poly (dC). Binding effects of a netropsin derivative to DNA and (dA-dT) 
      containing polymers suggest the importance of hydrogen bonds of the peptide
      groups in the complex formation.

PMID- 1093142
TI  - Accessibility of chromatin to DNA polymerase I and location of the F1 histone.
AB  - The effect of prebound poly-L-lysine upon the template activity of DNA, chromatin
      and F1 histone-depleted chromatin for E. coli DNA polymerase I has been
      investigated. Measurements have been made in the absence and presence of 0.1M
      NaCl. From the results we conclude that only ca 60% of the polylysine-accessible
      DNA, i.e. 22% of the total DNA of the chromatin, is accessible to the DNA
      polymerase I and that ca. 30% of the polylysine-accessible DNA, i.e. 11% of the
      total DNA, is associated with the F1 histone.

PMID- 1093143
TI  - Enzymatic multiplication of a chemically synthesized DNA fragment.
AB  - A synthetic DNA fragment of 19 residues was enlarged by the enzymatic addition of
      deoxyadenylate residues to its 3'-end with calf thymus terminal deoxynucleotidyl
      transferase. The 3'-terminus of this elongated DNA strand was blocked with 2', 3'
      dideoxyadenylate to prevent hydrolysis by the 3'-exonuclease function of E. coli
      DNA polymerase I. This elongated and 3'-blocked fragment was annealed to an
      oligomeric primer and used as a template for the synthesis of a complementary
      copy of the synthetic 19-mer. The product of such a repair synthesis was
      separated by gel filtration and analyzed by nearest neighbor techniques. All
      template strands were copied with complete repair in over 90% of the chains.
      Facile recovery of the elongated template by virtue of its size permitted
      repetition of the copy process, thus allowing accumulation of the desired strand.

PMID- 1093144
TI  - Formylatable methionine transfer RNA from Mycoplasma: purification and comparison
      of partial nucleotide sequences with those of other prokaryotic initiator tRNAs.
AB  - The major species of the formylatable methionine tRNA from Mycoplasma mycoides
      var capri has been purified. The 5'- and 3'-terminal sequences of the purified
      tRNA are pC-G- and C-A-A-C-C-AOH, respectively. Thus, this tRNA also contains the
      unique structural feature found in two other prokaryotic initiator tRNAs in that
      the first nucleotide at the 5'-end cannot form a Watson-Crick type of base-pair
      to the fifth nucleotide from the 3'-end. The Mycoplasma tRNA does not contain
      ribothymidine; however, a specific uridine residue in the sequence G-U-psi-C-G-
      can be enzymatically methylated by E. coli extracts to yield G-T-psi-C-G. Since
      ribothymidine is absent in crude tRNA from this strain of  Mycoplasma, the
      absence of T is probably due to the lack of a U yields T modifying enzyme.

PMID- 1093145
TI  - Research in nursing and research training for nurses: retrospect and prospect.

PMID- 1093147
TI  - Candida infection.

PMID- 1093146
TI  - Bibliography on nursing research, 1950-1974.

PMID- 1093148
TI  - Communication and the ventilated patient.

PMID- 1093149
TI  - Goodbye to smallpox; a historical background.

PMID- 1093150
TI  - Geriatric faecal incontinence-a drug trial conducted by nurses.

PMID- 1093151
TI  - Early nursing.

PMID- 1093152
TI  - The Brompton Cocktail.

PMID- 1093153
TI  - The wild boy of Aveyron ("Itard's syndrome"?).

PMID- 1093154
TI  - The history of anaesthetics.

PMID- 1093155
TI  - 1939 - and new to the role.

PMID- 1093156
TI  - [Statistical classification of diagnosis in biopsy examinations].

PMID- 1093157
TI  - [Anaerobic organisms, bacteremia and septicemia].

PMID- 1093158
TI  - [Modern views on reimplantation of amputated upper extremities].

PMID- 1093159
TI  - [Diabetes mellitus and pregnancy (the influence of diabetes mellitus on the
      course and outcome of pregnancy and labor)].

PMID- 1093160
TI  - [Alterations in the histostructure of the pancreas in experimental diabetes
      caused by quinoline derivatives].
AB  - Administration of chinoline derivatives, with a capacity to form stable complexes
      with metals (zinc?), was accompanied by a selective damage of the pancreatic
      islands with development of diabetes mellitus. Changes in the histostructure of
      the tissue caused by chinoline compounds of various chemical structure were
      unitypical. Their severity chiefly depended on the severity and duration of
      diabetes. Diabetes under study arising after the administration of chinoline
      derivatives were good models for detailed ascertaining of histostructure of the
      islet tissue and of the pancreatic duct in diabetes.

PMID- 1093161
TI  - [The effect of sympatholytics and adrenergic receptor blockade on the
      histophysiology of the insular apparatus of the pancreas and insulin sensitivity
      of white rats].
AB  - Experiments were conducted on 200 male albino rats.  It was shown that prolonged
      administration of sympatholytics (ornide or actadine) and also of a blocker of
      the alpha-adrenorecptors with phentholamine or of beta-adrenoreceptors with
      inderal led to the accumulation of zinc in the cytoplasm of beta-cells, reduction
      of the content in them of specific aldehyde-fuchsinophilic granularity,
      neoformation of the islands of Langerhans and to increase in the animal
      sensitivity to the exogenous insulin.

PMID- 1093162
TI  - Replication of colicin E1 plasmid DNA added to cell extracts.
AB  - Closed-circular DNA of colicin E1 plasmid can undergo a round of semiconservative
      replication when added to an extract of Escherichia coli. Extracts of cells that
      do not carry the plasmid are able to perform complete replication of the plasmid.
      Replication requires de novo RNA synthesis but not protein synthesis.

PMID- 1093163
TI  - N-formylmethionyl peptides as chemoattractants for leucocytes.
AB  - Leucocytes such as neutrophils are attracted by N-formylmethionine, but not by
      methionine. Di- and tripeptides containing formylmethionine are strong
      attractants for both neutrophils and macrophages, whereas the corresponding
      nonacylated compounds are not chemotactic. The formylated peptides may be related
      to an incompletely characterized chemotactic material normally produced by
      bacteria which attract the same animal cells.

PMID- 1093164
TI  - Separation of transfer ribonucleic acid by sepharose chromatography using reverse
      salt gradients.
AB  - The transfer ribonucleic acids of Escherichia coli bind to unsubstituted
      Sepharose in the presence of high concentrations of ammonium sulfate at pH 4.5.
      Transfer RNA species are eluted individually from the Sepharose by a gradient
      from high to low concentrations of ammonium sulfate; leucine tRNA is fractionated
      into five isoaccepting species. The order of elution of these isoaccepting
      species differs from that seen with reverse phase chromatography. By means of
      only these two procedures, one isoaccepting species of leucine tRNA can be
      purified to apparent homogeneity. Isoaccepting tRNA species for 9 amino acids
      have been resolved. This established the general utility of this chromatographic
      system for the separation and purification of specific isoaccepting transfer
      RNAs.

PMID- 1093165
TI  - Chromatin directed transcription of 5S and tRNA genes.
AB  - Chromatin prepared by gentle methods from mouse myeloma cells retained its
      ability to synthesize RNA using bound endogenous RNA polymerase (RNA
      nucleotidyltransferase; nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC
      2.7.7.6). The transcription resembles that observed in vivo in several respects.
      The low-molecular-weight RNA species 5S RNA and the 4.5S precursor to 4S RNA, are
      transcribed accurately and transcription is reinitiated continually in vitro.
      Their synthesis was not inhibited by alpha-amanitin (1 mug/ml) as was found
      previously for these species in isolated nuclei.

PMID- 1093166
TI  - Biogenesis of membrane lipids: mutants of Escherichia coli with temperature
      sensitive phosphatidylserine decarboxylase.
AB  - Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase catalyzes the last step in the pathway leading
      to phosphatidylethanolamine, the principal membrane lipid of E. coli. Mutants of
      E. coli have now been isolated in which this enzyme is theramolabile. The
      structural gene for phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (psd gene) is closely linked
      to the pur A locus at about 83 min on the standard map of the E. coli chromosome.
      When a mutant with thermolabile decarboxylase is incubated at 42 degrees, growth
      ceases, but only after a substantial fraction (20-40%) of the total phospholipid
      of the cell has been replaced by phosphatidylserine. Examination of such mutants
      with altered content of phospholipids may shed light on the role of specific
      phospholipids in membrane function.

PMID- 1093167
TI  - Cell cycle-dependent induction of mutations along a yeast chromosome.
AB  - The relation between DNA replication and the action of the mutagen N-methyl-N'
      nitro-N-nitroso-guanidine has been studied in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The
      frequenceis of reversion to prototrophy of six auxotrophic markers located along
      one arm of chromosome VII were examined as a function of the vegetative cell
      cycle. Exponentially growing cells were treated with nitrosoguanidine and then
      separated by zonal rotor centrifugation into fractions equivalent to stages in
      the cell cycle. The frequency of reversion for five of the six markers is
      greatest during the period of DNA replication. Each marker has a single point of
      maximum reversion, approximately 10-fold greater than the frequency observed at
      other points in the cell cycle. For any one marker the effect of nitrosoguanidine
      is restricted to an interval shorter than the period of DNA replication. The two
      markers most distant from each other, ade5 and leul, both have their highest
      reversion frequency early during DNA replication. The peak reversion frequency
      for lys5 is somewhat later, while the peaks for tyr3 and trp5 occur near the end
      of DNA replication. The results indicate that nitrosoguanidine acts primarily
      during DNA replication and that different markers appear to be affected at
      different intervals during the DNA biosynthetic period. If nitrosoguanidine does
      act at the growing point of DNA replication, these observations indicate that the
      initiation of DNA replication occurs at specific times during the period of DNA
      synthesis and at specific initiation sites. Further, there must be more than one
      point of initiation of DNA replication on one arm of chromosome VII.

PMID- 1093168
TI  - Nucleotide sequence of an RNA polymerase binding site at an early T7 promoter.
AB  - Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.6), bound in a tight complex at an
      early T7 promoter, protects 41 to 43 base pairs of DNA from digestion by DNase.
      I. The protected DNA fragment contains both the binding site for RNA polymerase
      and the mRNA initiation point for the promoter. The sequence of the DNA fragment
      and the sequence of the mRNA that it codes for are presented here. A seven-base
      pair sequence, apparently common to all promoters, is implicated in the formation
      of a tight binary complex with RNA polymerase.

PMID- 1093169
TI  - The relationship between enzyme activity, cell geometry, and fitness in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The relationship between enzyme activity, cell geometry, and the ploidy levels
      has been investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Diploid cells have 1.57 times
      the volume of haploid cells under nonlimiting growth conditions (minimal medium).
      However, when diploid cells are grown under conditions of carbon limitation, they
      have the same volume as haploid cells. Thus, by altering the environmental
      conditions, cell size can be varied independently of the degree of ploidy. The
      results indicate that the basic biochemical parameters of the cell are primarily
      determined by cell geometry rather than ploidy level. RNA content, protein
      content, and ornithine transcarbamylase (carbamoylphosphate: L-ornithine
      carbamoyltransferase, EC 2.1.3.3), tryptophan synthetase [L-serine hydro-lyase
      (adding indole), EC 4.2.1.20], and invertase (alpha-D-glucoside glucohydrolase,
      Ec 3.2.1.20) activity are related to cell volume, whereas acid phosphatase
      (orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.2) activity, a cell surface
      enzyme, is related to the surface area of the cells. Fitness is determined by the
      activity of certain cell surface enzymes, such as acid phosphatase, diploids
      would be expected to have a lower fitness than haploids because of the lower
      surface area/volume ratio. However, when fitness is determined by the activity of
      an internal enzyme, diploids would be expected to have the same fitness as
      haploids. Results from competition experiments between haploids and diploids are
      consistent with these predictions. The significance of these results to the
      evolution of diploidy as the predominant phase of the life cycle of higher plants
      and animals is discussed.

PMID- 1093170
TI  - Reversible redistribution of phytochrome within the cell upon conversion to its
      physiologically active form.
AB  - The intracellular localization of phytochrome was seen in dark-grown oat (Avena
      sativa L., cv. Garry) and rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. unknown) shoots after
      various light treatments using an indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase antibody
      labeling method. Phytochrome is generally distributed throughout the cytoplasm in
      cells of tissue that had not been exposed to light prior to fixation. Within, at
      most, 8 min after the onset of saturating red irradiation, phytochrome, now
      present in the far-red-absorbing form, becomes associated with discrete regions
      of the cell. These regions do not appear to be nuclei, plastids, or mitochondria.
      After phototransformation back to the red-absorbing form originally present,
      phytochrome slowly resumes its general distribution. It is possible that this
      discrete localization of the far-red-absorbing form of phytochrome represents a
      physiologically significant binding with a receptor site in the cell.

PMID- 1093171
TI  - Fusion of the Escherichia coli lac genes to the ara promoter: a general technique
      using bacteriophage Mu-1 insertions.
AB  - The lac genes were fused to the ara promoter by means of phage phi 80
      translocations of the lac and ara genes to att80. Homology for a crossover
      between the nonhomologous ara and lac operons was provided by mu insertions.
      Selection for recombinants within the mu insertions generated strains that had
      the ara promoter on one side of a mu insertion and the lac genes on the other
      side. ara-lac fusions were obtained from these strains by deleting the mu
      insertion. These fusions extend the techniques available for studies on the lac
      operon to studies on the ara operon. It should be possible to fuse other operons
      by this method.

PMID- 1093172
TI  - Replicative intermediates of colicin E1 plasmid DNA in minicells.
AB  - Pulse-labeled colicin E1 plasmid (Col E1) DNA in minicells was examined to
      characterize replicating molecules. Replication of Col E1 DNA principally
      occurred in covalently closed molecules and involved the synthesis of variable
      length single-stranded DNA fragments that were dissociable from the template DNA
      and ultimately incorporated into the completely replicated molecules. RNA was
      found to be associated with some of these newly synthesized fragments.
      Replicating molecules containing different size displacement loops were observed
      by electron microscopy.

PMID- 1093173
TI  - Regulation of RNA polymerase synthesis in Escherichia coli: a mutant unable to
      synthesize the enzyme at 43 degrees.
AB  - We report the isolation of a mutant of E. coli in which the capacity to
      synthesize RNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.6) (the beta and beta' subunits) is rapidly
      lost at 43 degrees. The mutation has no effect on the stability or activity of
      the polymerase itself. The mutation is recessive and is closely linked to the rif
      locus (the structural gene for the beta subunit). Using strains carrying the
      mutation, we have shown that polymerase is present in excess in rapidly growing
      E. coli cells.

PMID- 1093174
TI  - Interaction of Escherichia coli dnaB and dnaC(D) gene products in vitro.
AB  - Purified E. coli dnaB and dnaC(D) gene products interact physically and
      functionally in vitro. This interaction was demonstrated as follows: (a) A
      complex of dnaB and dnaC(D) gene products was isolated by gel filtration; ATP
      specifically was required for isolation of the complex. (b) The DNA-independent
      ribonucleoside triphosphatase activity associated with dnaB gene product was
      inhibited by dnaC(D) gene product. (c) The dnaC(D) gene product was protected
      from inactivation by N-ethyl-maleimide by the combination of dnaB gene product
      and ATP; this protection required ATP specifically.

PMID- 1093175
TI  - Molecular basis of beta-galactosidase alpha-complementation.
AB  - In previous studies, a cyanogen bromide peptide derived from amino-acid residues
      3-92 of beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23; beta-D-galactoside galactohydrolase) was
      shown to have alpha-donor activity in intracistronic alpha-complementation. We
      have now isolated the defective beta-galactosidase alpha-acceptor protein from
      the deletion mutant strain M15 of Escherichia coli and find that it lacks
      residues 11-41 of betal-galactosidase. This is demonstrated by the isolation and
      sequence determination of a cyanogen bromide peptide from the M15 protein, which
      is identical to the corresponding peptide from beta-galactosidase except for the
      missing amino acids. We conclude that the alpha-donor peptide restores the region
      missing in the M15 protein.

PMID- 1093176
TI  - New cell surface antigens in rat defined by tumors of the nervous system.
AB  - Tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system were induced in rats with
      ethylnitrosourea. Many of these tumors were transplanted in syngeneic recipients,
      and several cell lines were derived from them. An antiserum raised against one
      such cell line in C3H mice defined two cell surface antigens in cytotoxicity
      tests. One, the common antigen, was present on rat brain and embryonic tissues
      and was present in large amounts on most tumors or cell lines from the nervous
      system. Fibroblastic cell lines had smaller amounts of this antigen, which also
      could be detected by immunofluorescence. The other, restricted antigen was not
      detected on normal or other, restricted antigen was not detected on normal or
      embryonic tissues. It was present on six tumors from the nervous system, on one
      glial cell line, and on a Schwann-cell line RN22. In addition, it was present on
      four out of eleven cloned cell lines isolated from rat tumors at the Salk
      Institute. Two of the positive clonal lines had been shown to have properties
      unique to neuronal cells. The restricted antigen was therefore expressed on the
      cell surface of some, but not all, glial, Schwann, and neuronal neoplastic cells.

PMID- 1093177
TI  - Immunoreactive somatostatin is present in discrete cells of the endocrine
      pancreas.
AB  - A discrete population of cells of the endocrine pancreas contains immunoreactive
      somatostatin as shown by immunofluorescence. These cells are different from those
      containing glucagon or insulin. This unexpected observation may be of
      physiopathological significance in the regulatory mechanisms involved in the
      secretion of glucagon and insulin.

PMID- 1093178
TI  - Mapping of late adenovirus genes by cell-free translation of RNA selected by
      hybridization to specific DNA fragments.
AB  - Cytoplasmic RNA, isolated from cells late after infection by adenovirus type 2
      and fractionated by hybridization to specific fragments of adenovirus DNA
      produced by cleavage with the endonuclease R-EcoRI, was used as template for
      protein synthesis in cell-free mammalian extracts. Each of the R-EcoRI fragments
      of DNA selects RNA that encodes specific subsets of the viral polypeptides. From
      the known order of the R-EcoRI fragments, the following partial map is deduced:
      (III, IIIa, IVa2, V, P-VII, IX), (II, P-VI), 100K, IV-where the relative order of
      the components enclosed in parentheses has not yet been determined.

PMID- 1093179
TI  - Proposal concerning mechanism of evolution of the genome of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Many pairs of genes whose gene products are functionally related lie either 90
      degrees or 180 degrees apart on the circular map of the E. coli chromosome. A
      mechanism of evolution is proposed that involves two sequential duplications of
      an ancestral genome, followed by mutation and divergence of function of replicate
      genes.

PMID- 1093180
TI  - Site specific recA--independent recombination between bacterial plasmids:
      involvement of palindromes at the recombinational loci.
AB  - A recA-independent recombinational event is described which results in insertion
      of an entire plasmid genome at a unique site of another plasmid, and coincident
      excision of a precisely defined DNA segment originally present at the point of
      the insertion. The resulting recombinant molecules subsequently can undergo site
      specific translocation of their component segments or inversion of their original
      DNA sequence orientation. The events observed entail nonreciprocal exchange of
      genetic material, and involve a discrete nucleotide sequences that is duplicated
      in rotationally symmetrical reverse orientation on plasmid DNA (i.e., inverted
      repeat; palindrome).

PMID- 1093181
TI  - Phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from baker's yeast: role of 3'-terminal adenosine of
      tRNA-Phe in enzyme-substrate interaction studied with 3'-modified tRNA-Phe
      species.
AB  - TRNA-Phe species from baker's yeast modified at the 3'-terminus in many cases are
      phenylalanylatable substrates. Out of several tRNA-Phe species possessing a
      modified 3'-end that cannot be phenylalanylated, only two, tRNA-Phe-C-C-2'dA and
      the tRNA-Phe-C-C-formycin-oxi-red, are strong competitive inhibitors for tRNA-Phe
      C-C-A during phenylalanylation. In the ATP/PPi exchange, both these inhibitors
      reduce Vmax to about 25%; but whereas tRNA-Phe-C-C-2dA has no influence on KmATP
      and Km Phe during ATP/PPi exchange, tRNA-Phe-C-C-formycin-oxi-red reduces KmATP
      from 1430 muM, found in the absence of tRNA-Phe, to 230 muM, and Km-Phe, from 38
      to 14 muM. The values found in the presence of tRNA-Phe-C-C-formycin-oxi-red
      during ATP/PPi exchange are identical with those determined in the
      phenylalanylation of tRNA-Phe-C-C-A. All other tRNA-Phe species carrying a
      modified 3'end that cannot be phenylalanylated exhibit a mixed competitive
      noncompetitive inhibition in the phenylalanylation reaction. In the ATP/PPi
      exchange, they do not influence KmATP and KmPHE  and only weakly, if at all,
      Vmax. The results show that the 3'adenosine of tRNA-Phe cannot solely be a
      passive acceptor for phenylalanine, but must in addition play an active role
      during enzyme-substrate interaction. The data can be consistently explained by
      the hypothesis that the 3'-adenosine of tRNA-Phe triggers a conformational change
      of the enzyme.

PMID- 1093182
TI  - Three steps in conversion of large precursor RNA into serine and proline transfer
      RNAs.
AB  - Bacteriophage T4 serine and proline transfer RNAs are derived from a common
      precursor RNA. This precusor RNA lacks -C-C-A sequences which could provide 3'
      termini for the mature transfer RNAs. We have deduced part of the pathway leading
      to the formation of the C-C-A sequences in the transfer RNAs by characterizing
      incompletely matured precursor molecules which accumulate during infection of
      mutant hosts that lack specific enzymes associated with transfer RNA metabolism.
      Maturation is initiated by the addition of -C-C-AOH to the 3' terminus of the
      precusor RNA through the combined actionof an unidentified nuclease and tRNA
      nucleotidyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.25). Precursor RNA molecules terminating in -C-C
      AOH is serine transfer RNA and the second product is immature proline transfer
      RNA. The terminal steps leading to proline transfer RNA have not been fully
      delineated, but are known to involve the replacement of a -C-UOH sequence by -C-C
      AOH.

PMID- 1093183
TI  - Affinity labeling of the ribosomal decoding site with an AUG-substrate analog.
AB  - The trinucleotide AUG was condensed at the 5'-end with N-bromoacetyl-p
      aminophenylphosphate. This bromoactylated AUG analog reacted irreversibly with
      the mRNA binding site of Escherichia coli 70S ribosomes. After reaction of 70S
      ribosomes with the AUG analog, labeled 30S subunits could be isolated that were
      programmed for initiation-factor-dependent binding of fMet-tRNAfMet. This shows
      that this AUG-affinity label reacted in the decoding site for fMet-tRNAfMet. By
      combination of sodium dodecyl sulfate-, Sarkosyl-, and ureapolyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis the AUG-affinity label was found to be irreversibly bound to
      ribosomal proteins S4, the ram gene product, and S18.

PMID- 1093184
TI  - A ribonucleoprotein precursor of both the 30S and 50S ribosomal sunbunits of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - A ribonucleoprotein particle (46S) has been isolated from [3H]uridine pulse
      labeled cultures of E. Coli AB301/105. Evidence from pulse chase experiments and
      from protein analysis suggested that this particle may give rise to both the 30S
      and 50S ribosomal subunits. Direct deproteinization of the particle yielded 30S
      RNA, while deproteinization after treatment with a crude RNase III preparation
      yielded products similar to 23S and 16S RNA. This result is consistent with the
      idea that the 46S ribonucleoprotein is the in vivo counterpart of 30S RNA, which
      is the in vitro product obtained after phenol extraction.

PMID- 1093185
TI  - Cell surface alterations induced by vaccinia and Newcastle disease viruses
      (38486).
AB  - A comparison was made of HEp-2 cell surface changes induced by NDV or vaccinia
      virus infection. Three parameters were examined as a function of time after
      infection: the kinetics of hemadosorption and the appearance of concanavalin (con
      A) binding sites, and alterations in electrophoretic mobility of single cells.
      The kinetics of appearance of con A binding sites was strikingly similar for both
      virus infections, whereas hemadsorption preceded NDA synthesis and followed
      vaccinia synthesis. These data suggest that in the vaccinia-infected cell the
      hemadsorption and con A binding sites are different. NDV infection or exposure of
      sham-infected cells to bacterial neuraminidase significantly reduced their anodal
      mobilities. This also occurred after enzyme treatment of vaccinia-infected cells.
      Measurements of the sialic acid content of NDV or sham-infected cells before and
      after neuraminidase treatment indicated the exposure to the enzyme or NDV
      materially reduced the sialic acid content of cells. Vaccinia-infected cells
      contained considerably more sialic acid than did normal cells. For  the vaccinia
      infected cell a change in surface properties as detected by hemadsorption or
      increased con A binding was not reflected in a change in electrophoretic
      mobility.

PMID- 1093186
TI  - Ultrastructral effects of in virto experimentation on right ventricular papillary
      muscle from cats in hypovolemic shock (38487).
AB  - The present data demonstrate for the first time that repeated stimulation (2-3 hr
      in an oxygenated perfusate) of right ventricular papillary muscles from cats
      subjected to hypovolemic shock does not alter the ultrastructure of the shock
      lesions. Neither does the in vitro experimentation cause functional impairment as
      determined by the measured isometric twitch tension. The data also indicate that
      electron microscopy is important to the evaluation of papillary muscles from cats
      subjected to shock.

PMID- 1093187
TI  - A mode of the growth of Mycobacterium lepraemurium in a cell-free liquid medium
      (38501).
AB  - The first report regarding in vitro growth patterns of M. lepraemurium was
      presented. Evidence is indicated that a growth mode of a single cell of
      M.lepraemurium in vitro is similar to that of culturable mycobacterium,
      especially atypical mycobacterium. This finding has added one property to
      characteristics of M. lepraemurium which have been already known.

PMID- 1093188
TI  - Development of response to glucose of fetal rat islet in organ culture (38479).
AB  - Pancreases of 18-day fetal and 3-day neonatal rat were grown in organ culture in
      both standard glucose (150 mg/100 ml) and high glucose (500 mg/100 ml) media.
      Insulin content of medium was measured by radioimmunoassay at time of transfer.
      In fetal cultures, standard and high glucose media contained a similar level of
      insulin through 6 days of culture. In neonatal cultures, high glucose medium
      contained 40-60% more insulin than did standard medium. However, after 8 days of
      organ culture fetal pancreas developed responsiveness to high glucose; a greater
      amount of insulin was present in the high glucose medium (50% by 10 days and 70%
      by 12 days) than in standard glucose medium. The time at which this
      responsiveness develops in vitro approximates the chronologic age which
      corresponds to 3-5 days postnatal period. The maturation of this responsiveness
      appears to be inherent to the pancreas and is independent of other organ systems.
      When neonatal explants, grown in standard medium for 8 days, were transferred to
      high glucose medium, 80-160% more insulin was detected in the high glucose medium
      than in standard medium during the next 4 days of culture. These results indicate
      that once glucose responsiveness had developed, it is maintained in organ culture
      for at least 12 days.

PMID- 1093189
TI  - The effect of magnesium deficiency in mice on serum immunoglobulin concentrations
      and antibody plaque-forming cells.
AB  - Magnesium-deficient mice immunized with SRBC showed a significant decrease (P
      less than 0.001) in the number of PFC in their spleens compared with mice on a
      control diet. Serum immunoglobulin concentrations (IgG1, IgG2, IgA and IgM) were
      determined after 3, 6, 9 and 12 days on the respective diets. The serum IgG2 and
      IgM concentrations of magnesium- deficient mice were decreased (P less than
      0.005) by 6 days and remained at these concentrations until 12 days. The serum
      IgG1 and IgA concentrations of magnesium deficient animals also decreased (P less
      than 0.01) by 6 days but returned toward control concentrations at 12 days. Serum
      magnesium concentrations confirmed the magnesium deficiency of the experimental
      animals. Therefore, magnesium deficiency has profound immunosuppressive
      capabilities in mice by significantly reducing the number of antibody
      synthesizing cells and serum immunoglobulin concentrations.

PMID- 1093190
TI  - Effect of synthetic luteinizing hormone--releasing hormone in newborn rats.
AB  - Administration of synthetic LH-RH to male and female rats on the first day of
      life reduced pituitary content of FSH and LH and increased serum concentrations
      of LH.

PMID- 1093191
TI  - Mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance. IX. Effect of exchange transfusion.
AB  - Healthy New Zealand rabbits were injected iv with an LD-80 dose of E. coli
      endotoxin.  Twenty minutes later, after removal of over 50% of the endotoxin by
      the RES, exchange transfusion was performed, accomplishing a rapid and sustained
      reduction in the level of endotoxemia simulating that seen in animals rendered
      highly tolerant by seven prior sublethal injections of toxin.  Depite such
      reduction in endotoxemia, 96-hr mortality was only slightly, and not
      significantly reduced compared to sham exchanged controls (70 vs 83%
      respectively).  Additional control studies indicated that exchange tranfusion per
      se did not enhance endotoxin mortality.  The findings directly support the
      concept that endotoxin tolerance is based primarily upon enhanced RES resistance
      to endotoxin toxicity rather than upon enhanced RES clearance of circulating
      endotoxin.

PMID- 1093192
TI  - Immunosuppressive effects of experimental infection with Plasmodium gallinaceum.
AB  - Experimental infection of chickens with P. gallinaceum mardedly suppressed the
      splenic PFC response to SRBC.  Suppression was most pronounced when birds were
      immunized at the time of peak parasitemia.  The PFC response to E. coli LPS was
      of low magnitiude in both normal and infected chickens; however, it, too, was
      suppressed in infected birds, but not to the same degree as observed in response
      to SRBC.  Cellular immunity as evidenced by allograft rejection was not
      influenced by infection.

PMID- 1093193
TI  - Failure of peritoneal exudate macrophages to reverse immunologic impairment by
      Friend leukemia virus.
AB  - Transfer experiments with peritoneal exudate macrophages from normal donor mice
      were performed to determine if a defect of normal macrophage function or activity
      was a major or contributing factor to the immunosuppression characterizing
      leukemia virus infection of mice. Challenge immunization of Friend leukemia virus
      infected mice with sheep erythrocytes resulted in markedly depressed hemolytic
      antibody responses, as compared to responses of normal noninfected mice. When PE
      cell suspensions rich in macrophages were transferred from normal donor mice to
      leukemia virus infected recipients there was no affect on the FLV-induced
      impairment of the immune response. Similar transfer of PE cells to normal
      uninfected mice generally resulted in a moderate depression of the expected
      immune response. In no case did the PE cells enhance the immune responses in
      normal or virus-infected mice.

PMID- 1093194
TI  - Inhibition of LH release as influenced by LRF infusion.
AB  - Four ovariectomized ewes were infused with LRF (10 mug/hr for 20 hr.  Jugular
      vein blood samples were taken at 30 min intervals.  After 16 hr of LRF infusion
      each animal was given a 1 mg iv injection of LRF.  At the end of the 20 hr
      infusion period, the animals were sacrificed and the pituitary removed. 
      Pituitary and plasma samples were analyzed for LH.  Plasma LH concentration
      reached a peak level of 73 ng/ml, 1.5 hr after starting the LRF infusion.  A
      rapid decline in LH concentration occured for the next 3 hr.  The plasma LH
      concentration declined slowly to preinfusion levels over the next 15.5 hr.  A
      small insigificant rise in plasma LH concentration occured when the animals were
      given 1 mg of LRF after 16 hr of LRF infusion.  At the end of the treatment
      period pituitary LH concentration varied from 369 to 1360 ng/mg.  Two of the four
      ewes had pituitary LH concentrations similar to untreated ovariectomized ewes. 
      The pituitarys' refractoriness to LRF apparently is not due to depletion of
      pituitary LH.

PMID- 1093195
TI  - Effect of intermittent infusion of LH-releasing hormone of serum LH and FSH
      levels in immature male rats.
AB  - The effect of intermittent intravenous infusions of LH-RH on serum LH and FSH
      levels was studied in immature male rats. At the end of the infusion, serum LH
      and FSH levels were higher than those after saline infusion. One hr after the end
      of infusion of LH-RH, serum LH levels fell, reaching saline control values, but
      FSH levels remained higher. Moreover, a pulsative pattern of LH release but not
      of FSH, was obtained during the intermittent infusion with LH-RH. These findings
      indicate that under appropriate conditions after administration of LH-RH, it is
      possible to find high GSH levels without a concomitant rise of LH levels. The
      continued elevation of FSH may be explained by the longer biological half-life of
      FSH. Estradiol benzoate depressed the basal serum GSH level and augmented the
      basal serum GSH level and augmented LH release after intermittent infusion with
      LH-RH, indicating that estrogen modified FSH/LH ratio. The results suggest that
      discordance of plasma LH and FSH levels which is occasionally observed in some
      physiological conditions does not necessarily indicate the presence of another
      FSH-RH which is distinct from LH-RH decapeptide.

PMID- 1093196
TI  - Alteration of bone marrow-thymus cell synergism in hereditary asplenic and adult
      splenctomiced mice.
AB  - The cooperation betweeen bone marrow (B) and thymus (T) cells was markedly
      impaired in mice with congenital asplenia.  The deficiency of IgM producers could
      not be corrected by neotal transplantation of spleen cells.  The use of T and B
      cells from splenectomized donors resulted in a marked shift from 19S to 7S
      antibody forming cells.

PMID- 1093197
TI  - The effect of oral and vaginal administration of synthetic LH-RH and [D-ALA-6,
      DES GLY-10-NH2]-LH-RH ethylamide on serum LH levels in ovariectomized, steroid
      blocked rats.
AB  - Effects of oral and vaginal administration of LH-RH and [D-ALa-6, DesGly-10-NH2i1
      LH-RH ethylamide (D-Ala-6-LH-RH-EA) on serum LH levels in ovariectomized,
      estrogen, progesterone treated rats were investigated. Oral administration of
      synthetic LH-RH induced a quick rise of serum LH levels with the greatest
      elevation at 15 min at any dose levels tested. On the other hand, oral
      administration of D-Ala-6-LH-RH-EA resulted in a slow but progressive rise of LH
      during 120 min of observation. The total amount of LH released by 10 mug of the
      analog was much greater than the total released by 1000 mug of LH-RH. Vaginal
      administration of 100 mug of LH-RH mixed with Carbowax induced a progressive rise
      of LHwhich was indistinguishable from that following 10 mug of the analogue,
      suggesting that the potency of the analogue is 10 times greater than that of LH
      RH for vaginal administration. Ten mug of LH-RH given through the vagina induced
      a rapid rise of LH with the peak at 15 min, whereas 1 mug of the analog induced a
      slow but progressive rise. Greater resistance of D-Ala-6-LH-RH-EA than LH-RH
      against in vivo breakdown is postulated as one of the causes of greater and
      prolonged LH release by the former.

PMID- 1093198
TI  - Electrocardiographic recordings for assessing survival of cardiac allografts in
      the hamster cheek pouch.
AB  - Techniques for the recording of electrical events associated with contraction of
      allografted myocardium in the cheek pouch of inbred hamsters have been developed.
      The results of such recordings have been useful in assessing contractility and
      viability of the graft. The degree of tolerance to cardiac allografts in cheek
      pouches of inbred hamsters appears to be a function of histocompatibility and not
      "immunological privilege" of the cheek pouch.

PMID- 1093199
TI  - A23187: a calcium ionophore that directly increases cardiac contractility
      (38704).
AB  - The effect of the calcium ionophore A23187 on contractility in guinea pig left
      atria was studied. This ionophore increased both the force of contraction and the
      rate of tension development in a concentration dependent manner. The positive
      inotropic effect of A23187 is not mediated by activation of beta-receptors or by
      the release of endogenous catecholamines since neither propranolol nor
      pretreatment with reserpine altered the inotropic effect of this agent. Our
      studies of the dependence of contractile force on external calcium indicate that
      A23187 enhances the response of atrial muscle to external calcium ions. Since
      A23187 is known to facilitate the movement of calcium across biological
      membranes, we believe the ionophore may be acting either by increasing calcium
      influx across the myocardial cell membrane or by facilitating calcium release
      from sarcoplasmic reticulum.

PMID- 1093200
TI  - Method for differentiation of nonspecific from specfic toxoplasma IgM fluorescent
      antibodies in patients with rheumatoid factor.
AB  - In a study performed to define the prevalence of false positive toxoplasma IgM
      IFA test results in sera containing RF, 8 (19.5%) of 41 sera which were positive
      for RF were positive in the toxoplasma DT and conventional toxoplasma IFA test.
      Three of these eight were also positive in the toxoplasma IgM-IFA test and in
      two, the results were considered to be false positives. Of the 33 sera remaining
      which were positive for RF but negative in both the DT and conventional IFA test,
      three were positive in the toxoplasma IgM-IFA test. Of 51 sera from patients with
      suspected rheumatoid arthritis or other collagen vascular disorders, all of which
      were negative when tested for RF, none was positive for toxoplasma IgM antibodies
      in the IgM-IFA test. Sera from 15 adults with the acute lymphadenopathic form of
      toxoplasmosis and 13 infants with congenital toxoplasmosis were tested for the
      presence of RF. Whereas none of the sera from the acquired cases had demonstrable
      RF, two of the congenital cases had RF, and their titers were both 1:320. False
      positive IgM-IFA test results became negative after treatment of sera with heat
      aggregated IgG. In contrast, IgM-IFA test titers in cases of acute congenital or
      acquired toxoplasmosis were unaffected by this treatment. Thus, treatment with
      heat-aggregated IgG can be used to differentiate false positive IgM-IFA test
      titers due to RF from those due to specific IgM toxoplasma antibody.

PMID- 1093201
TI  - Ovulation and gonadotropin-releasing activity of [p-LEU-6, DES-GLY NH2-10, pro
      ethylamide-9] -GNRH.
AB  - The ovulation-inducing and gonadotropin-releasing activities of [d-Leu-6, des-Gly
      NH2-10,  Pro-ethylamide-9]-GnRH (II), were evaluated in rats, rabbits, and sheep.
      A sc dose of 3.4 ng/100 g body wt of the analog was equal to 160 ng/100 g body wt
      of GnRH in causing ovulation in the diestrous rat. At these dose levels, the
      integrated LH release was 1.9 times greater for the analog. Both the time of
      increase and maximum serum concentrations of LH were delayed after injection of
      the analog. Oral administration of II and GnRH to the proestrous rat resulted in
      an ED50 for ovulation of 0.92 and 54 mug/100 g body wt,respectively. Serum levels
      of LH and FSH were highly variable for the various treatment groups when both
      releasing substances were administered orally. The intense ovulating activity of
      II was also evident in the estrous rabbit as indicated by an activity 31 times
      greater than that of GnRH. Additionally, the analog was at least 50 times more
      active than GnRH in releasing LH in both the mid-luteal and anestrous ewe. From
      our experiments with the cycling rat it appears that the intense ovulation
      inducing activity of II can be accounted for by the intrinsic LH-releasing
      activity of the nonapeptide, rather than by a prolonged release stimulus.

PMID- 1093202
TI  - Immunoglobulin levels and antibody-coated bacteria in urines from patients with
      urinary tract infections.
AB  - The presence of antibody-coated bacteria in urines from patients with urinary
      tract infections has previously been reported to correlate with renal infection
      as opposed to bladder infection. Urine specimens from 12 patients with
      pyelonephritis and 12 patients with cystitis were studied to determine whether
      the antibody coating the bacteria is associated with elevated urine levels of
      total protein or of particular classes of immunoglobulins. The classes of
      antibody bound to the infecting bacteria in urines from the patients with
      pyelonephritis were compared to the levels of unbound antibody in the urine. Each
      specimen was found to contain antibody-coated bacteria, but not all of the
      specimens had elevated levels of total protein or immunoglobulins. Thus, the
      occurrence of antibody-coated bacteria in pyelonephritis did not depend on marked
      elevations of total urinary protein or immunoglobulins. Studies of patients with
      cystitis showed that immunoglobulins and protein present in the urines, even in
      elevated quantities, did not react with the infecting bacteria in patients with
      bladder infections, as each of these patients had negative FA tests for antibody
      coated bacteria.

PMID- 1093203
TI  - Survival of osteocompetent marrow cells in vitro and the effect of PHA
      stimulation on osteoinduction in composite bone grafts.
AB  - The osteoinductive capacities of bone-marrow autografts, washed marrow-free bone
      allografts, and composite grafts of washed allogeneic bone impregnated with
      viable or killed autologous marrow cells have been compared in a heterotopic site
      in rabbits. Composite grafts (similar to 40 mg allogeneic bone) with viable
      marrow performed equally well as autografts, providing that these implants
      contained at least 50,000 marrow cells. Composite grafts with dead marrow were
      noninductive, and grafts with 10,000 viable marrow cells produced much less new
      bone than grafts with 50,000 cells. Postoperative treatment of host rabbits with
      PHA-P increased the osteoinductive capacity of composite grafts with initially
      subcritical numbers of marrow cells to control levels. These results indicate
      that the osteoinductive cells in composite grafts are mobilized from the marrow
      elements rather than from the undifferentiated cells in the host bed.

PMID- 1093204
TI  - Glycerolipids and cancer.

PMID- 1093205
TI  - Lipids in normal and tumor cells in culture.

PMID- 1093206
TI  - Fucolipids and blood group glycolipids in normal and tumor tissue.

PMID- 1093207
TI  - The role of cholesteryl 14-methylhexadecanoate in gene expression and its
      significance for cancer.

PMID- 1093208
TI  - Sterols and other lipids in tumors of the nervous system.

PMID- 1093209
TI  - Photoreactivation of thymine-starved Escherichia coli Bs-1.

PMID- 1093210
TI  - Separation of nucleotide diphosphokinases from E. coli DNA polymerase.

PMID- 1093211
TI  - Plasma scalpel excision of burns. An experimental study.
AB  - We used a plasma scalpel to excise experimental full-thickness burns in 12 pigs,
      followed by immediate skin autografting. The results were as follows: (1) The
      skin autograft takes were excellent following the plasma scalpel excisions, and
      they healed on essentially the same time scale as similar autografts following
      steel scalpel excisions, producing scars of similar sizes. (2) Pigs in which burn
      wounds were excised with a steel scalpel lost an average of approximately 5 gm of
      blood for every one gm lost in the animals which had excisions with the plasma
      scalpel. (3) The time required for a plasma scalpel burn excision was essentially
      the same as that required for a standard steel scalpel.

PMID- 1093212
TI  - Basal cell carcinoma of the medial canthal area.
AB  - We advise an aggressive approach in ablating basal cell carcinomas which have
      originated in the region of the medial canthus. Extirpation of the entire tumor
      under accurate histological control, whether it includes skin only or the entire
      orbital contents and ethmoid air cells--and reconstruction with one of the
      described procedures--gives the surgeon an effective armamentarium to
      successfully treat these potentially lethal lesions.

PMID- 1093213
TI  - A simplified technique for free transfer of groin flaps, by use of a Doppler
      Probe.
AB  - Our application of the Doppler probe to microvascular surgery is discussed,
      including the monitoring of the superficial circumflex iliac artery in free groin
      flaps. Our technique of free groin flap transplantation is compared to that of
      others. Three of our cases are discussed.

PMID- 1093214
TI  - Four V-flap repair of preputial stenosis (phimosis).
AB  - The 4 V-flap technique for repair of preputial stenosis meets a need for an
      alternative to circumcision in the repair of phimosis. It is especially useful in
      cases where the penis is small and all available tissue should be retained. we
      have used the method for 3 years and have had no complications. On occasion, we
      have used 6 or 8 V-flaps, but we find the 4 V-flap repair is usually simpler and
      equally effective.

PMID- 1093215
TI  - Arteriovenous malformations of the mandible. Graduated surgical management.
AB  - Two cases of arteriovenous malformation in the mandible are described, in which
      muscle embolization was used. The success in one patient and the failure in the
      second correlate with the caliber of the vessels in the two malformations. A
      scheme of graduated surgical management for mandibular arteriovenous
      malformations is proposed.

PMID- 1093216
TI  - Letters to the editor: Is arteriovenous shunting the correct explanation of the
      flap delay phenomenon?

PMID- 1093217
TI  - Follow-up clinic. Functional graft of the heel, by Lorenzo Mir y Mir, M.D. Plast.
      & Reconstr. Surg., 14:444,1954.

PMID- 1093218
TI  - The deltoscapular flap.
AB  - We present a young patient in whom a large soft tissue defect of the neck was
      repaired with a deltoscapular flap.

PMID- 1093219
TI  - Jerome Pierce Webster, M.D. 1888-1974.

PMID- 1093220
TI  - Client-centered group therapy compared with behavior modification in changing
      inappropriate behavior of elementary school children.

PMID- 1093221
TI  - The psychotogenic 'double-blind' model in psycholysis. Case study contribution to
      the sociogenic theory of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1093222
TI  - [Are teething problems a reality?].

PMID- 1093223
TI  - [Don't forget denture hygiene].

PMID- 1093224
TI  - Time-resolved oxygen effects in irradiated bacteria and mammalian cells: a rapid
      mix study.

PMID- 1093225
TI  - Radiology of bone grafts.

PMID- 1093226
TI  - Anterior extrapleural line: superior extension.
AB  - Anatomic sections of the superior aspect of the anterior mediastinum reveal that
      normal structures can cause indentations upon the adjacent lung. On lateral chest
      films, the soft-tissue density of the anterior superior mediastinal structures
      contrasts with that of the normal lung, revealing a normal, undulating
      configuration of the anterior superior mediastinum. We have termed this the
      "vascular incisura," analogous to the cardiac incisura of the left lung seen
      inferiorly. An appreciation of normal variations within this space is essential
      when evaluating pathologic alterations.

PMID- 1093227
TI  - Transpyloric extension to duodenal bulb in gastric lymphoma.
AB  - Gastric lymphoma may present in a spectrum of morphologic patterns which may
      mimic a variety of diseases clinically, endoscopically, radiologically and
      surgically. From its common location within the gastric antrum, transpyloric
      submucosal spread frequently occurs to involve the duodenal bulb and occasionally
      the proximal descending duodenum. This distinctive pathologic characteristic
      results in contour deformities, filling defects, and ulcerations of the duodenum
      which can be traced in continuity from the gastric lesions. These radiological
      observations are significant in the preoperative diagnosis of primary malignant
      lymphoma of the stomach and in the evaluation of disseminated lymphoma.

PMID- 1093228
TI  - Angiographic features of peripancreatic malignant lymphoma.
AB  - Angiographic features are described in 5 patients with peripancreatic lymphomas
      who initially presented with clinical features of primary pancreatic disease.
      Each patient demonstrated a large hypovascular mass with considerable
      displacement of pancreatic and peripancreatic arteries and associated compression
      of adjacent veins. Smooth arterial encasement was present in 2 cases. Signs of
      mass out of proportion to signs of invasion mitigated against the diagnosis of
      carcinoma in each case. Other differential diagnostic considerations are
      pancreatic pseudocyst and cystadenoma.

PMID- 1093229
TI  - Graf/Pen computer for rapid neuroangiographic measurements: Sylvian loops and
      venous angle.
AB  - The Graf/Pen sonic digitilizer facilitates routine application of neuroradiologic
      measurements during film interpretation. The Vlahovitch and Probst measurements
      were performed 23 times faster with this device than manually. The Graf/Pen
      computer combination shows great potential in the rapid quantitative analysis of
      both carotid and vertebral angiograms.

PMID- 1093230
TI  - Distribution of various labeled thioglucoses in rodents.
AB  - Gold, silver and lead thioglucose were evaluated in rodents to determine the
      value of organo-metallic compounds in the study of metabolic abnormalities.
      Increased radioactivity concentration was noted in the hypothalamus with all
      compounds. Gold thioglucose concentrated in the kidneys and thymus, and 203Pb
      thioglucose concentrated in the pancreas and thymus.

PMID- 1093231
TI  - William David Coolidge, Ph.D. 1873-1975.

PMID- 1093232
TI  - Joseph Markey Grace, M.D. 1899-1975.

PMID- 1093233
TI  - Cyril M. Levin, M.D. 1912-1973.

PMID- 1093234
TI  - Sidney Rubin, M.D. 1919-1974.

PMID- 1093235
TI  - Prevention of venous thromboembolism.

PMID- 1093236
TI  - [Some new aspects of the function of spermidine in animal cells].

PMID- 1093237
TI  - [Studies on a lipoprotein of Escherichia coli outer membrane].

PMID- 1093238
TI  - [Urinary tract reconstruction by the Gregoir-Lich technic in renal
      transplantation].

PMID- 1093239
TI  - [Surgical treatment of alar cartilages].

PMID- 1093240
TI  - [Involvement of the lung in lipid metabolism].

PMID- 1093241
TI  - The immune response of hens to multiple Escherichia coli injections and transfer
      of immunoglobulins to the egg and hatched chick.
AB  - Four spaced E coli antigen injections were given to laying hens in order to cause
      an extended period of antibody production. Antibody could be detected as early as
      four days after the first antigen injection reaching a peak at the 20th day. IgM
      was the first antibody to be detected. From the eighth day IgG could be detected
      replacing the IgM fraction gradually. Antibody to E coli produced by the hen
      could be detected in yolk of eggs and in chicks from the 15th day but not after
      the 87th day post treatment. Fluctuation or antibody transmitted by the
      individual hen was observed. Yolk and chick antibody titres were slightly lower
      than those found in the serum of the hens on the same day. Only IgG antibodies
      were found in yolks and serum of day-old chicks.

PMID- 1093242
TI  - Experimental infection of cockerels with Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Six-month-old SPF Brown Leghorn cockerels were experimentally infected per os
      with S typhimurium (1 times 1010) and slaughtered at intervals up to 42 days
      following infection. Observations were made on the clinical pathology,
      bacteriology and serology during the course of infection and extensive
      bacteriological examinations were undertaken after post mortem examination.

PMID- 1093243
TI  - Immune response of sheep to Fasciola hepatica infection.
AB  - The IgG immunoglobulin levels and the immune response to Fasciola hepatica
      digestive tract antigens were studied in experimentally infected lambs. A
      synchronic increase and decrease of IgG-1 serum levels and indirect fluorescent
      antibody titres were observed during the course of the infection. Antibody
      activities were demonstrated in IgG-1, but not in IgG-2 isolates. The antibody
      activity was partly sensitive to reduction with mercaptoethanol.

PMID- 1093244
TI  - Immunoglobulin classes of antibodies produced against Toxoplasma gondii by ovine
      fetuses.
AB  - Sera from aborted or newborn lambs with congenital toxoplasmosis were
      fractionated on Sephadex G-200. Sera and fractions were tested for Toxoplasma
      antibodies using the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Most of the antibody was
      found to reside in the IgG fraction.

PMID- 1093245
TI  - Phthalate esters: Occurrence and biological effects.

PMID- 1093246
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination of nitrogen-containing pesticides using the
      nitrogen flame ionization detector (N-FID).

PMID- 1093247
TI  - Reduction of pesticide residues in food crops by processing.

PMID- 1093248
TI  - Lead and plants.

PMID- 1093249
TI  - [Cardiomyopathy in Heredofamilial Neuromyopathies (author's transl)].

PMID- 1093250
TI  - [Neuro-pituitary and psychogenic amenorrhea].

PMID- 1093251
TI  - [Amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome].

PMID- 1093252
TI  - [Mycotic meningitis].

PMID- 1093253
TI  - [Leon Michotte (1910-1974)].

PMID- 1093254
TI  - [Spinal chordoma. I. Review of the literature since 1960].

PMID- 1093255
TI  - Megakaryocytes in agar cultures of mouse bone marrow.
AB  - Cytologic and immunofluorescent data demonstrate that cells morphologically
      resembling megakaryocytes appear in thin layer agar cultures of cellular
      fractions of mouse bone marrow and increase in number from zero to a maximum of
      approxiamately 60 per culture on day 6. It would appear that these "candidate"
      megakaryocytes are derived from a morphologically unidentified precursor(s) since
      they are not present in the original cell suspension cultured but begin to appear
      24 hours later. Similarities between the ultrastructure of "candidate"
      megakaryocytes and that of femoral marrow megakaryocytes support morphological
      similarities at the light microscopic level. Pretreatment of mice with either
      vinblastine and nitrogen mustard or antiplatelet serum has no effect on the
      number of "candidate" megakaryocytes appearing in cultures of their marrow.
      Preliminary data suggest that the rate of appearance of these cells in culture is
      responsive to serum from thrombocytopenic donors.

PMID- 1093256
TI  - Review of literature on the factors affecting drug prescribing.

PMID- 1093257
TI  - Illness and the feminine role: a theoretical review.

PMID- 1093258
TI  - Methods and effectiveness of health education: the past, present and future of
      social scientific involvement.

PMID- 1093259
TI  - Use of blood and blood components.
AB  - The indications for transfusions are anemia compromising delivery of oxygen,
      acute blood loss, cardiopulmonary bypass, exchange transfusion, maintenance of
      hemostasis, and sepsis associated with granulocytopenia. When transfusion therapy
      is indicated, only that component of whole blood which is needed for correction
      of the problem should be given. The options for use each component have been
      discussed.

PMID- 1093260
TI  - Eponym: Goodpasture's syndrome.

PMID- 1093261
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Prokop Malek, M.D., D.S.c].

PMID- 1093262
TI  - Iris Marwick--the pioneer of psychiatric nursing in South Africa.

PMID- 1093263
TI  - Midwifery in the 17th century.

PMID- 1093264
TI  - Hematologic indications for splenectomy.

PMID- 1093265
TI  - Acute and chronic pancreatitis.

PMID- 1093266
TI  - Pancreatic pseudocysts.
AB  - Pseudocysts are fascinating lesions of the pancreas which present as upper
      abdominal masses in about 80 per cent of cases, but also as obstructive jaundice,
      intrasplenic and intra-left-renal masses, mediastinal masses, flank abscess,
      pleural effusions, and ascites rich in amylase. They are diagnosed by urine
      amylase with greater sensitivity than by serum amylase. Cysts must be
      differentiated from pancreatic abscesses, indolent phlegmonous pancreatitis,
      cystadenomas, and carcinomas of the pancreas, as well as lymphomas and other rare
      tumors. They may be satisfactorily treated by large sump tube drains to the
      outside but about one third will require a further operation. Internal drainage
      by cystogastrostomy is the simplest and best current procedure, but not
      applicable to all cases. A good alternative is Roux-en-y cyst-jejunostomy.
      Caution is needed in the preoperative workup since all procedures are accompanied
      by an operative mortality approaching 10 per cent, mostly due to hepatic disease,
      portal hypertension, stress ulcerations, and hemorrhage. The follow-up shows 85
      per cent good results from proper drainage but 40 per cent are diabetics and in
      many patients the ravages of alcoholism continue unabated.

PMID- 1093267
TI  - Postoperative jaundice. Mechanism, diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1093268
TI  - Nuclear medicine studies in the diagnosis of diseases of the liver, pancreas, and
      spleen.

PMID- 1093269
TI  - Current management of esophageal varices.

PMID- 1093270
TI  - Donor heart resuscitation and storage.
AB  - At the present time, simple hypothermia or regional or total body perfusion
      probably afford the best means of myocardial protection of the donor heart.
      However, the potential of either technique is extremely limited, and a
      combination of hypothermia with some form of perfusion system will probably
      enable considerably longer periods of storage of the donor organ. Such a
      perfusion system has not yet been conclusively developed, though considerable
      advances have been made. It is doubtful whether or not the addition of hyperbaric
      oxygen to hypothermia greatly prolongs the storage period. Metabolic inhibition
      by a chemical agent is an attractive method of preservation, possibly associated
      with hypothermia, but the search for the perfect agent continues. Actual freezing
      of the organ may prove feasible in the future, but recent work in the field of
      cryobiology has proved almost uniformly disappointing. The use of the
      autoperfusing heart-lung preparation as a short term storage system deserves
      further study, but its value as a really long term system of storage of the heart
      seems unlikely at the present time. Xenobanking has been encouragingly successful
      in experimental situations, but its clinical application will prove to be
      expensive and difficult.

PMID- 1093271
TI  - Re-evaluation of the biomechanics of blunt impact injury of the head.
AB  - With blunt impacts, there may be bruising or tearing of scalp, elastic
      deformation of the skull with or without linear fracture, mass motions or
      relative movements of the brain mass--inertial stress propagation--as well as
      pressure gradients. Mass motions of the brain may cause concussion, vascular
      tears with extravasation and contusions of the cerebral surface as well as
      lesions in the deeper portions of the cerebral mass. Coup contusion is caused by
      the inbending bone at the impact site striking the immobile head. Contrecoup
      contusiions result from injury to the brain surface in the frontotemporal area as
      the moving brain impacts the rough and irregular bony interior. In the
      experimental laboratory, a contusion is easily produced by a moving object
      striking the relatively immobile head. During impact if the head is on a solid
      stand, such as the metal table, a contrecoup lesion is seen at the opposite end
      from the impact site. This contrecoup lesion is produced by the brain impacting
      the skull, as well as the flattening of the skull against the brain at the
      antipole, from the presence of the solid table. Intermediate contusions develop
      between the impact site and the antipole in the brain interior as a result of
      inertial stress propagation.

PMID- 1093272
TI  - Direct influence of endotoxin on cellular respiration.
AB  - Hepatocyte oxygen consumption was evaluated in vitro in 70 rabbits. In selected
      instances, Escherichia coli endotoxin was added to a chamber containing either
      rabbit hepatocytes or hepatocyte homogenates. Endotoxin directly depressed the
      respiration of intact rabbit hepatocytes. Endotoxin also decreased the oxygen
      consumption of hepatocyte homogenates. The intact cell membrane is not an
      effective barrier to the deleterious effect of endotoxin. A patient in a state of
      endotoxic shock, in addition to having a hemodynamic derangement, probably has
      circulating toxins that directly render cellular oxidative phsophorylation less
      efficient.

PMID- 1093273
TI  - Trends in surgical treatment of calculous disease of the biliary tract.
AB  - From the data presented, there are five distinct trends in operations for
      calculous biliary tract disease. There is less delay in operation following
      diagnosis than ever before. Diagnosis is being made early in those with symptoms.
      Asymptomatic calculi are being revealed more frequently by complete over-all
      medical evaluations including cholecystography. Acute obstructive cholecystitis,
      a complication of cholelithiasis, is becoming less frequent in proportion to the
      total patients admitted to hsopitals. The operative mortality is concentrated
      among those in the elderly group, 65 years old and older. The limited capacity of
      many patients in this category to tolerate the burden of any surgical procedure
      is being met by palliative, temporary procedures such as cholecystostomy and
      ductal decompression rather than definitive cholecystectomy and choledochotomy.
      Roentgenologic facilities are becoming available to provide visualization and
      critical evaluation of the entire ductal system at the beginning of an operation.
      This provides a more realistic basis for common duct exploration, an increment
      associated with morbidity. More important is the assurance against overlooking
      calculi, retained ductal stones.

PMID- 1093274
TI  - The surgical management of ulcers of the heel.

PMID- 1093275
TI  - A technique for closure of leak of spinal fluid.

PMID- 1093276
TI  - Surgical techniques for operations on the thoracic duct.

PMID- 1093277
TI  - A tribute to Louis M. Rousselot, M.D.

PMID- 1093278
TI  - Letter: The Carrel-Guthrie controversy.

PMID- 1093279
TI  - [The 125th anniversary of the first chair of pathologic anatomy at the I. M.
      Sechenov Moscow Medical Institute (1849-1974)].

PMID- 1093280
TI  - [Aleksei Ivanovich Abrikosov (on the 100th anniversary of his birth)].

PMID- 1093281
TI  - [A clinico-morphologico-functional study of the kidneys in glomerulonephritis].
AB  - The article deals with the results of a clinico-functional-morphological study of
      the kidneys in glomerulonephritis (50 observations) which was carried out with
      the use of the method of puncture biopsy of the kidneys. It was shown that
      clinical forms of glomerulonephritis, accompanied with hematuria, were
      characterized by the absence of fixation of immune complexes in the basal
      membrane of the glomeruli. According to the electron microscopy data, this
      corresponds to the dissappearance of deposits from the subendothelial parts of
      the basal membrane. The extramembranous glomerulonephritis, revealed with the
      help of electron microscopy technique, was characterized by the nephrotic
      syndrome. An increased tension of immunological processes in the glomeruli was
      accompanied by a more grave clinical course of glomerulonephritis, by impairment
      of not only glomerulous but tubular functions as well. A greater dicrease in the
      function of osmotic concentration of the urine in fibroplastic types of
      glomerulonephritis, as compared with non-firboplastic ones, was apparently
      connected not only with lesiones of tubules but rather with more expressed
      sclerotic changes in the interstitial tissue of the kidney.

PMID- 1093282
TI  - [Study of the morphology of tuberculosis by the first chair of pathologic anatomy
      of the I. M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Institute during the past 125 years].

PMID- 1093284
TI  - Improved HL-A typing of cadaveric renal donors. I. Quantitation of HL-A gene
      dosage.
AB  - A quantitative microabsorption technique has been used to determine a gene dosage
      effect on HL-A. This allows homozygosity or heterozygosity of HL-A antigens to be
      determined prospectively in cadaver donors of renal allografts where less than
      four antigens were detected by standard lymphocytotoxicity. This in turn provides
      more precise matching of donor and recipient.

PMID- 1093283
TI  - [Need of treatment with hemodialysis and kidney transplantation in Norway].

PMID- 1093285
TI  - Reactions of kidney cells with cytotoxic antisera: possible evidence of kidney
      specific antigens.
AB  - HL-A typing of cadaver kidney cell suspension by fluorochromasia cytotoxicity was
      successful in 76 out of 124 cases. In the 44 cases with confirmed phenotypes, 24
      had identical results for lymphocytes and kidney cells. Twenty kidney cells had
      HL-A antigens not detected on that donor's lymphocytes, most commonly HL-A7 and
      HL-A8. In eight of these 20 cases, the additional kidney antigens brought the
      total to more than two per segregant sereis, in disagreement with an earlier
      report from this laboratory. The discrepancy was traced to a change in the method
      of complement preparation. The complement was successfully deprived of the
      resulting non-specific cytotoxicity for kidney cells by absorption with human red
      blood cells. Prior to absorption, the complement had rendered kidney cells
      susceptible to the lytic effect of anti-A and B red cell antibodies. Using the
      absorbed complement, a patient who had hyperacutely rejected two cadaver kidneys
      provided sera with an antibody reacting with, and absorbed by, the kidney cells
      but not the lymphocytes of the donors.

PMID- 1093286
TI  - [Urine samples for bacteriological studies; remarks on collection, storage,
      transportation and processing of urine samples].

PMID- 1093287
TI  - Mycoplasma in synovial fluid from the patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Mycoplasma colonies were found on culture of synovial fluid in 14 of 18 cases of
      rheumatoid arthritis. It was possible to demonstrate the colonies in primary
      culture medium only by the method of hot water fixation and Giemsa staining. The
      organisms grown on solid medium were also observed electron-microscopically.

PMID- 1093288
TI  - Amino acid metabolism in Wegener's granulomatosis.
AB  - The urinary excretion of amino acids and their derivatives in cases of Wegener's
      granulomatosis have been examined, and the excretion of urinary amino acids in
      such cases was different from normal and reticulum cell sarcoma. In Wegener's
      cases, the amino acids which were always found in readily detectable amounts
      totaled 33; urinary phenylalanine was 4-5 times higher than in normal subjects.
      From these experimental results, we believe that the observation of amino acid
      excretion into urine is an important indicator for the diagnosis of Wegener's
      granulomatosis. In addition, the results of quantitative examination on the
      urinary amino acid excretion were compared with normal and reticulum cell
      sarcoma. Comparison of the analytical data on urinary amino acids of the normal
      and patient groups indicated significant metabolic abnormalities of some amino
      acids at the earliest stage of Wegener's granulomatosis.

PMID- 1093289
TI  - Toxicity, clearance, and metabolic effects of pactamycin in combination with
      bacterial lipopolysaccharide.

PMID- 1093290
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of determination of fucose content in patients with
      chronic catarrhal gingivitis at the initial stage of periodontal disease].

PMID- 1093291
TI  - [Obtaining an impression of the mandible in the presence of mucosal folds in the
      area of the prosthesis bed].

PMID- 1093292
TI  - [Condition of the abutment teeth in stable and labile support of the clamps of
      dental clasp prosthesis].

PMID- 1093293
TI  - [From the history of dental care and organization of the management of
      maxillofacial injuries in the Russian Army].

PMID- 1093294
TI  - Tumor inhibitory properties of anaerobic Corynebacteria.

PMID- 1093295
TI  - Effect of host sensitization on patterns of metastasis.

PMID- 1093296
TI  - Immunosuppression in cancer therapeutics.

PMID- 1093297
TI  - Lymphocyte responsiveness in cancer and transplantation.

PMID- 1093299
TI  - Immunotherapy with cultured human cells and BCG.

PMID- 1093298
TI  - Immunologic approaches to the management of primary and secondary tumors
      involving the skin and soft tissues: review of a ten-year program.

PMID- 1093300
TI  - The incidence of malignancies in transplant recipients.

PMID- 1093301
TI  - Instrument to facilitate nephrostomy.
AB  - An instrument to facilitate the placement of a nephrostomy tube is described. The
      techniques for performing nephrostomies are historically reviewed.

PMID- 1093302
TI  - Kidney cooling in partial nephrectomy. Evaluation of a technique.
AB  - A technique of cooling the isolated human kidney by immersing it in a plastic bag
      filled with iced saline slush is described. This technique is simple, swift to
      perform, requires no specialized equipment, and is inexpensive; it has proved to
      be effective and safe.

PMID- 1093303
TI  - Small-Carrion penile prosthesis. New implant for management of impotence.
AB  - The etiology of impotence and a review of various techniques in treatment are
      discussed. A perineal surgical approach with a new type of paired sponge-filled
      silicone prostheses is described. The prostheses are inserted into previously
      dilated corpora cavernosa. Of the initial 31 patients, excellent results were
      obtained 27, and a good result in 1. Of the 3 patients with initial serious
      complications, adequate functional results were attained in 2. The distinct
      advantages and potential complications using the Small-Carrion penile prosthesis
      and surgical technique are discussed.

PMID- 1093304
TI  - Experiences with Devine inlay graft urethroplasty.

PMID- 1093305
TI  - Treatment of stress incontinence by vagino-pubic urethropexy.

PMID- 1093306
TI  - Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine.  Physiology and interpretations.
AB  - Any elevations in levels of blood urea nitrogen and/or serum creatinine do not
      necessarily indicate structural renal disease.  Conversely, blood urea nitrogen
      or serum creatinine values, which appear to be within the range of normal, do not
      by themselves rule out significant reduction in glomerular filtration rate.  Any
      interpretation of the blood levels of these two substances must be done with the
      awareness that a variety of extrarenal factors can affect them.  The blood urea
      nitrogen to serum creatinine ratio can be a valuable tool in the determination or
      renal functional and structural integrity.

PMID- 1093307
TI  - Hematologic problems in urology. Basic mechanisms and clinical approach.
AB  - Baxic clotting mechanisms are reviewed. The clinical and laboratory aspects of
      disseminated intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis are discussed, and an
      approach is suggested to those problems encountered by the urologist.

PMID- 1093308
TI  - Urinary tract disorders.  Clinical comparison of flavoxate and phenazopyridine.
AB  - In nine separate clinical trials, 382 patients having symptoms of either
      prostatitis, acute cystitis, urethritis, and/or trigonitis were randomly assigned
      to treatment with flavoxate or phenazopyridine.  Over-all response was evaluated
      in 384 patients after five days of therapy.  In patients having prostatitis,
      response was satisfactory in 66 per cent treated with flavoxate and 31 per cent
      treated with phenazopyridine.  In all other patients, satisfactory responses were
      reported in 80 per cent on flavoxate compared with 56 per cent on
      phenazopyridine.  Similarly, symptom-severity evaluations at two and five days of
      therapy showed most symptoms improved in more of the patients on flavoxate
      therapy than on phenazopyridine therapy.  Although more adverse effects were
      reported in patients treated with phenazopyridine than with flavoxate, the
      difference between medications was not statistically significant.

PMID- 1093309
TI  - Treatment of chronic prostatitis.  Comparison of Minocycline and Doxycycline.
AB  - The results of minocycline and doxycycline therapy in 41 patients with chronic
      prostatitis and minocycline therapy in 6 patients with acute prostatitis were
      evaluated.  In the comparative study of chronic prostatitis, minocycline and
      doxycycline were given on the same dosage schedule, milligram for milligram: a
      loading dose of 200 mg. followed by 100 mg. twicd daily.  Over-all clinical
      responses to therapy with either agent were generally satisfactory, and no
      statistically significant difference was demonstrable in this regard.  In the
      group with chronic prostatitis treated wtih minocycline, however, all symptoms
      manifested before therapy had disappeared after therapy even where over-all
      results had been judged unsatisfactory.  This was not true of the group with
      chronic prostatitis treated with doxycycline.  Symptoms in 6 patients persisted
      after therapy had been terminated.  Here the difference in results between the
      two groups was found to be statistically significant.  A review of symptoms two
      to eight weeks after therapy revealed no significant difference between the two
      groups. After two years only 6 patients in the entire group with chronic
      prostatitis had returned with recurrent problems: 3 of these patients had been
      treated with minocycline and 3 had been treated with doxycycline.  Results of
      therapy in the small series of patients with acute prostatitis treated with
      minocycline were generally satisfactory.

PMID- 1093310
TI  - Bacterial effect on sperm motility.
AB  - Human semen containing normal number of sperm was exposed to concentrations of
      Escherichia coli varying from 500 to 10-8 colonies per cubic centimeter.  A
      significant decrease in motility was abserved at 10-6 colonies per cubic
      centimeter.

PMID- 1093311
TI  - The spermatozoa count.  A short history.

PMID- 1093312
TI  - Directory of otolaryngic societies.

PMID- 1093313
TI  - Will the real PSRO please stand up?

PMID- 1093314
TI  - Varaztad Hovhannes Kazanjian.

PMID- 1093315
TI  - The treatment of clinical mastitis with a combination of ampicillin and
      cloxacillin.

PMID- 1093316
TI  - Environmental considerations in salmonellosis.

PMID- 1093317
TI  - Letter: Sterilising by immunisation.

PMID- 1093318
TI  - Formation of concatemeric DNA in bacteriophage T7-infected bacteria.

PMID- 1093319
TI  - An anaerobic technique for increasing bacteriophage plaque size.

PMID- 1093320
TI  - [Professor Riurik Aleksandrovich Mel'nikov (on his 50th birthday)].

PMID- 1093321
TI  - [The clinical picture and treatment of macrofollicular lymphoma in children (the
      Brill-Symmers syndrome)].

PMID- 1093322
TI  - [Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Professor Aleksandr
      Ivanovich Serbrov (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 1093323
TI  - [Professor Irina Dmitrievna Nechaeva (on her 60th birthday)].

PMID- 1093324
TI  - [Use of ftorafur for the treatment of 3d-4th stage].
AB  - To treat ovarian cancer of stage III-IV the authors have used an antimetabolite
      fluorafur. A total dosage of 17-23 g. "marked improvement" was noted in 15
      patients, "insignificant improvement" - in 9, there was no improvement in one
      case. It was found that the level of FSH excretion was reduced twice under the
      influence of fluorafur, the greater decrease corresponding to a better clinical
      effect. The drug used in doses applied by the authors, proved to be nontoxic.

PMID- 1093325
TI  - Rational antimicrobial therapy (a review).

PMID- 1093326
TI  - Perinatal and neonatal infections.

PMID- 1093327
TI  - Orthopedic applications of liquid crystal thermography.
AB  - Liquid crystal thermography can assist the clinician in evaluating inflammatory
      conditions or delineating viability of tissues by the differences in coloration
      that occur with the use of these unique substances. The technique has proved
      useful in studying hemophilia, tumors of the extremities, arthritis and vascular
      conditions, including the complications of diabetes.

PMID- 1093328
TI  - [Advances in the treatment of gas gangrene].

PMID- 1093329
TI  - [Patients at the Municipal Hospital in Szvzecin in the years 1839-1842].

PMID- 1093331
TI  - [From the Vienna Municipal-Physician's Office to the Public Health Department of
      the city of Vienna].

PMID- 1093330
TI  - [The action of a tropic acid ester on bronchospasm: a double-blind study
      (author's transl)].
AB  - 12 patients with chronic bronchitis were treated with two different doses (0.02
      and 0.08 mg) of Sch 1000 (Atrovent) administered by metered dose inhalation and
      the results compared with those following administration of a placebo in a cross
      over double-blind study. The airway resistance and thoracic gas volume fell
      significantly after treatment with the drug, with no appreciable difference in
      effect between the dosages. The bronchodilatory action of the drug lasted about 4
      hours and differed markedly from that of the placebo. No anticholinergic side
      effects or specific effects on the circulation were encountered at the
      administered dosage.

PMID- 1093332
TI  - [125TH ANNIVERSARY OF Wiener Medizinische Wochenschrift].

PMID- 1093333
TI  - [Clinical experiences with Voltaren a new nonsteroid antirheumatic agent].

PMID- 1093334
TI  - A higher powered view of the myelomeningocele defect.

PMID- 1093335
TI  - Measured influence of nutrition on socio-economic development.

PMID- 1093336
TI  - A thiamin-responsive polioencephalomalacia in tropicaland nontropical livestock
      production systems-1.

PMID- 1093337
TI  - Parathyroid hormone and calcium metabolism-1,.

PMID- 1093338
TI  - Milk proteins; biochemical and biological aspects.

PMID- 1093339
TI  - Some immunological aspects of liver function.

PMID- 1093340
TI  - [Non-banal headache].

PMID- 1093341
TI  - [Clinical experience with the amphocholeretic drug Odibil in primary and
      secondary organic as well as functional cholecysto- and cholangiohepathopathies].

PMID- 1093342
TI  - [Chromosome studies on human fibroblast cultures following exposure to
      cyproheptadin].
AB  - Cyproheptadin was tested on chromosomes in fibroblast cultures of children for
      its possible mutagenic efficacy. Neither 24-hour exposure to Cyproheptadin at
      concentrations of 8-16 mg/l medium nor a chronic exposure for 8-11 weeks at a
      concentration of 8 mg/l caused any discernable chromosomal mutations. At
      concentrations between 8-16 mg/l reversible cytomorphological and cytochemical
      changes occured; 32 mg/l suppressed cell division and higher concentrations (64
      128 mg/l) brought about irreversible changes leading to cell death. These
      reactions were rather in vitro cytotoxic effects of unspecific nature.

PMID- 1093343
TI  - An in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of yeast ribosomal proteins.
AB  - Phosphorylation of yeast ribosomal proteins has been demonstrated in vivo and in
      vitro. 32-P-labelled product represents an ester-linked class of phosphoprotein.
      Acrylamide-gel electrophoresis has shown that in both types of experiments
      radioactive proteins migrate similarly; this might indicate that closely related
      groups of proteins become phosphorylated in vivo and in vitro. In the presence of
      [32-P] ATP the amount of covalently bound phosphate was 1.0 - 1.2 moles/mole of
      ribosome. The phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins did not appreciably affect
      the activity of ribosomes in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system containing
      poly(U) and elongation factors.

PMID- 1093344
TI  - Undecaprenol phosphate, the endogenous acceptor of glucose from UDPglucose in
      Shigella flexneri.

PMID- 1093346
TI  - Effects of dihydrotestosterone on LH release induced by LH-RH in men.
AB  - In order to determine the effect of dihydrotestosterone on the feed back
      mechanisim of the hypothalamo-pituitary-testis axis, nine healthy subjects were
      subjected to LH-RH tests before and after treatment with 5alpha-DHT. A double
      antibody radio-immunoassay technique was used to measure the concentration of LH
      and FSH in the plasma. Our results clearly show that the pituitary LH release by
      LH-RH after pre-treatment with 5alpha-DHT is more prononeced. In the light of
      actual findings from several laboratories it is not possible to interpret clearly
      the results of our own experiments, and hence we advance only some hypotheses.

PMID- 1093345
TI  - Preparative enzymic synthesis of nucleoside-5'-phosphates.
AB  - 1. Wheat shoot phosphotransferase has been employed, with p-nitrophenylphosphate
      as a phosphate donor, to specifically phosphorylate the 5'-position of a variety
      of nucleosides and nucleoside analogues. The specificity of the enzyme towards
      the 5'-position of pentose nucleosides is testified to by the complete resistance
      to phosphorylation of 5'-O-methylcytidine. 2. With the use of ion-exchange
      chromatography, the foregoing procedure has been applied to the large-scale
      preparation of nucleoside-5'-phosphates with overall yields of the order of 80
      90%. Quantitative recovery of unreacted nucleoside makes it possible to use this
      method without risk of losses either on a small or large scale with rare
      nucleosides. It is also applicable to acid- and alkali-labile nucleosides which
      cannot readily be phosphorylated by chemical procedures. 3. The wheat shoot
      phosphotransferase also phosphorylated a galactopyranosyl nucleoside, as well as
      such derivatives as 1-(beta-hydroxyethyl)cytosine and 5-(beta
      hydroxyethyl)uracil, showing that the enzyme does not have an absolute
      requirement for a 5-membered sugar ring, but rather for the presence of a primary
      hydroxyl group. 4. The phosphorylated derivatives of galactopyranosyluracil, and
      of both hydroxyethyl pyrimidines, were resistant to 5'-nucleotidase. E. coli
      alkaline phosphatase converted all three nucleotides quantitatively to the
      starting compounds. 5. A synthesis of 1-(beta-hydroxyethyl)cytosine is described.

PMID- 1093347
TI  - Accumulation of alprenolol in some polypeptide hormone producing cells and in
      melanin-containing tissues.
AB  - The distribution of the beta-adrenergic-receptor blocking drug alprenolol
      labelled with 3H was studied in mice by whole body autoradiography. The most
      characteristic feature in the distribution pattern was the accumulation in
      endocrine cells within the pancreatic islets, the adrnal medulla, the pituitary
      gland and some cells of the thyroid, presumably representing the parafollicular
      cells. A hgih accumulation was also observed in melanin-containing tissues.

PMID- 1093348
TI  - Further studies on enzymic inactivation of luteinizing hormone- releasing hormone
      (LH-RH) by peptidases in the rat hypothalamus.
AB  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) is known to be inactivated by
      peptidases in the rat hypothalamus with consequent loss of LH-releasing ability.
      To make a further study of the peptidases' action on the decapeptide, synthetic
      LH-RH and its [1-9NH2] analogue were incubated with the supernatant hypothalamic
      fraction containing the enzyme activity. Using an assay system measuring
      gonadotrophin release in ovariectomized/steroid-primed rats, both LH-RH and the
      [1-9NH2] analogue were found to be inactivated to different extents after
      incubation with the fraction, the analogue completely losing both LH- and FSH
      releasing activity, and the releasing hormone almost completely losing its LH-
      and totally losing its FSH-releasing activity. The findings extend the initial
      studies by showing that the peptidases can remove both the decapeptide's
      intrinsic LH- and FSH-releasing activity and that these enzymes act on LH-RH at a
      site other than the C-terminal glycinamide, since they are able to inactivate the
      [1-9NH2] analogue lacking this residue.

PMID- 1093349
TI  - Circadian rhythms of the endocrine pancreas.  A quantitative biochemical and
      immumocytochemical study.
AB  - Cellular hormone levels of insulin and glucagon in the endocrine pancreas of the
      rat have been observed and quantified over the 24-hours period, at 3-hourly
      intervals, by T.V. image conversion analysis on immunocytochemical preparations. 
      Parallel estimations of blood sugar were carried out.  Glucagon levels were at
      their lowest when the blood sugar levels were at their highest.  Quantitative
      cytochemistry is regarded as a valuable tool for the investigation of changes in
      intracellular hormone levels under physiological and pathological conditions.

PMID- 1093350
TI  - Pathogenesis and aetiology of ulcer disease.  Part II: Duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 1093351
TI  - Level diagnosis of symptomatic urinary tract infections in childhood.
AB  - As no method for localization of urinary tract infection has been shown to be
      absolutely reliable, six procedures have been carried out simultaneously in 25
      girls with acute symptomatic infections and the reliability of each method
      assessed. While clinical diagnosis of pyelonephritis or cystitis correlated well
      with the overall results of the battery of tests, the reliability of individual
      tests varied. Highest reliability was obtained with CRP determinations followed
      by antibody titration, sedimentation rate, and renal concentrating capacity. In
      the bladder washout test only 8 of the 14 patients with pyelonephritis had
      findings clearly indicating high infection. Intermittent or inadequate discharge
      of bacteria from the renal parenchyma is suggested as the major source for this
      inaccuracy. In fact, half of the 42 final washout specimens from girls with acute
      pyelonephritis contained less than 1000 bacteria per ml, indicating that low
      numbers of organisms in ureteric urine is common in childhood pyelonephritis.

PMID- 1093352
TI  - Betamethasone 17-valerate in childhood asthma. A double-blind crossover trial in
      children not taking other corticosteroid therapy.
AB  - A double-blind crossover trial of Betamethasone 17-Valerate steroid aerosol
      compared with placebo was carried out on 18 children with severe intermittent or
      chronic asthma. Seventeen of the 18 children showed a clinically obvious
      improvement on the active drug. The remaining child was unable to use the inhaler
      properly. In 14 children the response was dramatic. Improvement was shown at home
      by a reduction in the number of asthmatic symptoms, improvement in twice daily
      peak flow rates and by a lowered intake of sympathomimetic tablets. At monthly
      clinic visits, improvement was shown by chest examination, weight gain and by
      detailed respiratory function tests. By each of these criteria for improvement
      the benefit of Betamethasone 17-Valerate over the placebo was highly significant.
      There were no side effects attributable to the therapy and no evidence, as judged
      by short tetracosactrin tests, of adrenal suppression resulting from the drug.
      Betamethasone 17-Valerate appears to be a safe and effective therapy in children
      with severe asthma.

PMID- 1093353
TI  - Escherichia coli serogroups in breast-fed and bottle-fed infants.
AB  - 1) Eighty-seven breast-fed and 95 bottle-fed infants were examined for
      differences in Escherichia coli serogroup pattern. 2) The serogroup composition
      was less complex in breast-fed infants. Fewer serogroups were found in the
      individual breast-fed child. However, with few exceptions, the same O groups were
      found in the two groups of infants. The prevalent O groups were among those also
      found most frequently in faeces from adults. 06 strains were more common in the
      breast-fed group, while 07 and 016 were not at all found in that group. 3) A
      special search for E. coli strains with Kl antigen showed that this antigen
      predominated in the bottle-fed infants. 4) Klebsiella and other
      Enterobacteriaceae were more frequently found among bottle-fed infants. 5) It is
      concluded that the intestinal milieu exerts a selective pressure which may result
      in a selection of different serotypes in two different intestinal milieus such as
      those examined.

PMID- 1093354
TI  - The establishment of K99, a thermolabile, transmissible escherichia coli K
      antigen, previously called "Kco", possessed by calf and lamb enteropathogenic
      strains.
AB  - The transmissible antigen in enteropathogenic E. coli strains from calf and lamb,
      previously called Kco, is established as the E. coli K99 antigen. It is probably
      of protein nature since it is destroyed by heating. It is pointed out that other
      antigens present, growth medium and unknown factors are of great importance for
      the demonstration of this antigen.

PMID- 1093355
TI  - Influence of methylprednisolone on complement activity in germfree rats and on
      antibody activity to Escherichia coli in monocontaminated rats.
AB  - By means of radio-isotope technique, the influence of methylprednisolone
      treatment on opsonic and bactericidal serum activities against E. coli was
      studied on germfree and monocontaminated rats. Based on the present results it
      seems unlikely that methylprednisolone impairs the production of complement
      components. A slight suppression of antibody activity was only found in markedly
      wasted monocontaminated rats treated with very high doses of methylprednisolone
      from the day before contamination.

PMID- 1093356
TI  - Occurrence of K88-negative escherichia coli serotypes in pigs with post weaning
      diarrhoea.
AB  - Faecal swabs from pigs with post weaning E. coli diarrhoea in 43 different herds
      were bacteriologically examined. A survey of the isolated haemolytic E. coli
      strains showed that only 1 of the examined strains possessed the K88 antigens and
      that E. coli strains belonging to serogroup O149:K91 were most frequently
      isolated. The results suggest that the K88 antigen is of minor significance in
      the development of post weaning diarrhoea associated with E. coli serotype
      O149:K91.

PMID- 1093357
TI  - [Selective enzymatic formation of sulfonamide N4 phosphonate and N4 sulfonate
      derivatives].

PMID- 1093358
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of clofibrate and chlorophenoxy isobutyric aicd. I. Cross-over
      studies on human volunteers.

PMID- 1093359
TI  - Age and exposure factors in drug metabolism.

PMID- 1093360
TI  - Comparison of defensive behavior evoked by chemical and electrical stimulation of
      the hypothalamus in cats.
AB  - Comparison of defensive behavior evoked by chemical anf electrical stimulation of
      the hypothalamus in cats. Acta Physiol. Pol. 1975, 26 (1) 23--31. An injection of
      5 mug of carbachol, as well as electrostimulation of the same hypothalamic area
      evoked in cats the same type of defensive behavior -- rage reaction. Experiments
      with carbachol injection and electrostimulation after blockade of the
      hypothalamic muscarinic receptors (10 mug of atropine) indicate that rage
      reaction is evoked in a different way by the two methods. Controversial data
      regarding localization of the hypothalamic "centres" responsible for particular
      type of defensive reactions are discussed.

PMID- 1093361
TI  - Mass spectrometry in clinical chemistry.

PMID- 1093363
TI  - Procollagen.

PMID- 1093362
TI  - Pyruvate carboxylase: an evaluation of the relationships between structure and
      mechanism and between structure and catalytic activity.

PMID- 1093364
TI  - Protein methylation: chemical, enzymological, and biological significance.

PMID- 1093365
TI  - Genetic screening legislation.

PMID- 1093366
TI  - Breast reconstruction after radical mastectomy.
AB  - The loss of the female breast by mastectomy for treatment of carcinoma is
      frequently a depressing psychologic experience. While some women learn to cope
      with the loss, others do not despite the use of specially constructed brassieres.
      Adaptations of implantation materials and basic plastic surgical techniques are
      now available for selected postmastectomy patients. These can be useful in
      modifying the altered body image of the patient who has lost her breast.

PMID- 1093367
TI  - The child who fails to grow.

PMID- 1093368
TI  - Avulsion injuries in patients receiving corticosteroids.
AB  - Minor trauma often produces avulsion injuries to the skin and soft tissue of
      patients who are receiving corticosteroid therapy on a continuing basis.
      Effective emergency management of these wounds reduces the duration of disability
      for the patient. Early grafting is a more conservative course in terms of
      predictable patient recovery than watchful waiting. The most important aspects of
      this treatment are immediate grafting and sufficient immobilization of the graft
      by the dressing.

PMID- 1093369
TI  - Letter: Complications of cardiac resuscitation.

PMID- 1093370
TI  - A new method for automated detection of the R-on-T phenomenon.
AB  - The detection of premature ectopic beats coinciding with the T-wave of the
      antecedent beat is important for patient monitoring. In the method described
      here, the difficulties of direct measurement of QT time are avoided by evaluating
      the changes of QT time according to heart rate by use of a diode function
      generator. An analog circuit is used for comparing the computed QT time with the
      coupling interval of successive beats. In case of a R-on-T-phenomenon an alarm is
      given. The frequency of alarms is registered on a trend recorder. The methods is
      based on empirical equations which all contain a constant factor. Our
      investigations showed that the variability of this factor during longer periods
      of monitoring was small enough to allow sufficient exactness of the evaluation
      procedure.

PMID- 1093371
TI  - A 1952 clinicopathological conference with Dr. Paul Wood at the National Heart
      Hospital in London.

PMID- 1093372
TI  - Factors controlling impulse transmission with special reference to A-V
      conduction.

PMID- 1093373
TI  - Mode of action of the saline purgatives.

PMID- 1093374
TI  - Nonparoxysmal junctional tachycardia in acute myocardial infarction: computer
      assisted detection.
AB  - Thirty consecutive patients with acture myocardial infarction had continuous
      magnetic tape recording of their stay in the coronary care unit. Analysis of the
      24 hour tape recordings was implemented on a Honeywell model 316 digital
      computer. In the first 24 hours after admission to the coronary care unit, 12 of
      the 30 patients (40 percent) exhibited nonparoxysmal junctional tachycardia; in 5
      the arrhythmia was not recognized by conventional monitoring techniques. For the
      subsequent 3 days, the incidence rate of the arrhythmia was 13 percent for the
      first 48 hours and 3 percent for 72 hours. Although the mortality rate in
      patients with nonparoxysmal junctional tachycardia was greater than in patients
      not demonstrating the arrhythmia (33 versus 6 percent), there was a greater
      percentage of patients with anterior infarction in the former group; therefore,
      mortality may have been related to site of infarction rather than being
      reflective of the arrhythmia or its associated pathophysiologic state. Of
      possible significance is the association of a greater degree of sinus arrhythmia
      with nonparoxysmal junctional tachycardia. The incidence of nonparoxysmal
      junctional tachycardia in this group of patients was greater than previously
      reported. It is possible that computer tape analysis may have provided more
      accurate recognition of the arrhythmia and, thus, more realistic incidence data.
      The association of nonparoxysmal junctional tachycardia with sinus arrhythmia
      could only have been recognized by computer technique. The computer system is not
      a diagnostic system but rather a tape review method.

PMID- 1093375
TI  - Diagnosis and management of complications of prosthetic heart valves.
AB  - Complications after heart valve replacement remain a substantial source of
      morbidity and mortality despite continuing advances in surgical care and
      prosthetic design. Infectious endocarditis occurs in about 4 percent of patients
      and may appear early (within 60 days) or late after operation. Endocarditis of
      early onset is commonly due to staphylococcal, fungal or gram-negative organisms
      and is fatal in 70 percent or more of cases. Infection of late onset is more
      often of streptococcal origin and the mortality rate is lower, about 35 percent.
      With either type, prompt recognition, vigorous and appropriate antimicrobial
      therapy and early consideration of surgical intervention are crucial. The
      postperfusion and postpericardiotomy syndromes are relatively common and
      relatively benign syndromes associated with postoperative fever. Their
      recognition is important to prevent confusion with endocarditis or sepsis and
      thus to reassure the patient and physician. Treatment is primarily symptomatic.
      Intravascular hemolysis occurs with most prosthetic heart valves but is more
      common with certain prostheses and with paraprosthetic valve regurgitation, with
      significant hemolytic anemia in 5 to 15 percent. Oral iron replacement therapy is
      effective in the majority of patients, but occasionally blood transfusion or
      reoperation for leak around the prosthesis is necessary. Prosthesis dysfunction
      due to thrombus may be recognized clinically by recurrence of heart failure,
      syncope, cardiomegaly and altered prosthetic valve sounds or new murmurs.
      Hemodynamic studies verify the diagnosis, and prompt reoperation is indicated for
      this potentially lethal problem. Systemic embolization has decreased markedly
      with the introduction of cloth-covered prostheses and is frequently related to
      erratic or ineffective anticoagulant therapy. We continue to recommend
      anticoagulant therapy for all patients with prosthetic heart valves unless there
      is a major contraindication.

PMID- 1093377
TI  - Editorial: Accuracy of data reduction systems for diagnosis and quantification of
      arrhythmias.

PMID- 1093376
TI  - Renal consequences of valvular heart disease.
AB  - Three aspects of potential renal involvement in patients with valvular heart
      disease are discussed. These include (1) disturbances in renal salt and water
      handling and their implications with respect to diuretic management; (2) the
      hemodynamic effects of angiographic contrast agents with identification of
      potentially dangerous effects on the kidneys; and (3) the histologic patterns of
      bacterial endocarditis in the kidney and their similarity to those of
      immunologically mediated disease.

PMID- 1093378
TI  - Homocystine, atherosclerosis and thrombosis: implications for oral contraceptive
      users.

PMID- 1093379
TI  - Oral contraceptives and ascorbic acid.
AB  - Plasma, leukocyte, and platelet ascorbic acid levels are decreased in women
      ingesting oral contraceptive steroids. Studies have shown that it is the
      estrogenic component of the oral contraceptive agents that is associated with the
      decresased ascorbic acid concentrations. Urinary excretion of ascorbic acid does
      not appear to be increased by the steroids. Although serum levels of copper are
      increased by estrogens and oral contraceptives, ascorbic acid catabolism does not
      appear to be increased (unpublished). Our preliminary data on tissue uptake of
      ascorbic acid suggest that changes in tissue distribution are one possible answer
      for the observed effects of the steroids on blood levels of ascorbic acid.

PMID- 1093380
TI  - Medical, legal and ethical considerations in the use of drugs having undesirable
      side effects.

PMID- 1093381
TI  - McCollum Award.

PMID- 1093382
TI  - Control of brain monoamine synthesis by diet and plasma amino acids.
AB  - The rates at which monoaminergic neurons in rat brains synthesize their
      neurotransmitters depend on the availability of the amino acid precursors
      tryptophan (for serotonin) and tyrosine (for dopamine and norepinephrine). The
      administration of tryptophan, the injection of insulin, or the consumption of a
      single protein-free high-carbohydrate meal all elevate brain tryptophan levels
      and, soon thereafter, the levels of serotonin and its major metabolite 5
      hydroxyindole acetic acid. The addition of protein to the meal suppresses the
      increases in brain tryptophan and serotonin, because protein contributes to
      plasma considerably larger amounts of the other neutral amino acids (e.g.,
      leucine, phenylalanine) than of tryptophan, and these other amino acids compete
      with tryptophan for uptake into the brain. The elevation of brain tyrosine (by
      injection of the amino acid or consumption of a single 40% protein meal)
      accelerates brain catecholamine synthesis, as estimated by measuring brain dopa
      accumulation after decarboxylase inhibition, or brain catecholamine accumulation
      after inhibition of monoamine oxidase. These observations suggest that serotonin-
      and catecholamine-containing brain neurons are normally under specific dietary
      control.

PMID- 1093383
TI  - Harry P. Smith (1895-1972). Pathologist, teacher, investigator, administrator.

PMID- 1093384
TI  - Hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease. Some biological determinants. H. P.
      Smith memorial lecture.

PMID- 1093385
TI  - Cell membranes and disease. Genes, viruses, hormones and the immune response--an
      introduction.

PMID- 1093386
TI  - Lymphocyte surface receptors and leukemia virus-induced immunosuppression.
AB  - The number and distribution patterns of lymphocytes in the spleens and lymph
      nodes of Balb/c mice which express immunoglobulin surface receptors were studied
      in terms of the effects of a murine leukemia virus on the immune-response
      mechanism. Friend leukemia virus induces a prompt, marked depression of the
      immune response of mice to antigens such as sheep erythrocytes and E. coli LPS. A
      functioning T- and B-lymphocyte system is necessary for the response to the
      SRBC's whereas E. coli LPS, a T cell-independent antigen, stimulates B cells
      alone. Although the responses to both classes of antigen were markedly depressed
      in FLV-infected mice, the major defect appeared to be impairment of B-cell
      function, at least early in the course of infection. In order to examine in more
      detail the mechanism of interaction between FLV and lymphoid cells with Ig
      surface receptors, presumably B cells, immmunofluorescent analyses were performed
      with spleen, and lymph node cells from FLV-infected mice. Within a few days after
      infection there was a marked decrease in the percentage of spleen cells with Ig
      surface molecules, although the absolute number of these cells was either
      unchanged or increased due to marked splenomegaly caused by the virus. A marked
      decrease in the percentage of splenocytes with theta antigen, considered a marker
      for mature T cells, also was evident in infected mice. The number of spleen cells
      showing evidence of FLV infection (i.e., positive for FLV-associated antigens)
      increased rapidly during the first few days after infection, and within 2 to 2
      1/2 weeks nearly all of the nucleated splenocytes were positive for the tumor
      antigen. In contrast to the results for spleen cells, there were increases rather
      than decreases in the percentages of Ig-positive and theta-positive cells in the
      lymph nodes after infection. The number of lymph-node cells that showed the
      presence of FLV antigen was much lower than in the spleen, and their appearance
      was also much slower as the leukemic process progressed. Despite these
      differences between spleen and lymph-node cells in terms of relative percentages
      of Ig- and theta-positive lymphocytes, relatively similar depressions were
      evident for the percentages of lymphoid cells that could redistribute their
      surface Ig receptors into polar caps when incubated with anti-Ig serum at 37 C.
      Marked impairment of the Ig-capping responses for both spleen and lymph-node
      cells paralleled the course of infection and development of immunosuppression.
      These observations indicate that murine leukemia virus infection can both alter
      the responsiveness of immunocompetent cells to T-dependent and independent
      antigens and depress the number and normal functional activity of these cells, as
      reflected by altered surface Ig receptors and antigens.

PMID- 1093387
TI  - The effects of consultation. A review of empirical studies.
AB  - Although consultation, as an activity for intervention, has achieved considerable
      popularity among human service professionals and figures prominently in current
      federal mental health legislation, a basic question still unanswerable is, "Does
      it work?" This paper reviews 35 consultation outcome studies reported between
      1958 and 1972 in an attempt to provide some answers to this question. Although
      their quality varies greatly, the evidence seems to lend some support to the
      effectiveness of consultation as a change method. In 69% of the studies reviewed,
      positive change was demonstrated on the consultee, client, or system level or at
      some combination of these. The review also suggests that, despite a need for
      studies which build cumulatively on earlier ones so as to provide comparable data
      instead of a conglomerate of isolated findings, progress has been made in the
      evaluation of consultation.

PMID- 1093388
TI  - Early secondary prevention with disadvantaged preschool children.
AB  - A body of research data is reviewed pointing to considerable intellectual lag and
      nonstandard linguistic abilities among the disadvantaged. While "difference" and
      "deficit" theorists interpret these findings differently, many observers agree
      that early educational intervention may be a useful approach to such problems. A
      series of early intervention programs is reviewed for three young disadvantaged
      groups: infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. Findings from these programs suggest
      that early intervention helps materially to reduce the intellectual and
      linguistic problems of the young disadvantaged.

PMID- 1093389
TI  - Immunization of children with attenuated measles-rubella bivalent vaccine.
AB  - The effects of simultaneous administration of Schwarz-strain measles virus
      vaccine and Cendehill-strain rubella virus vaccine as a single bivalent injection
      was evaluated in 346 children susceptible to both diseases. With placebo and
      monovalent controls, four bivalent preparations were used in a double-blind
      protocol to determine the effects of variations in the concentration of one or
      both components. No unusual reactions occurred and simultaneous administration
      did not enhance clinical reactivity. For measles, the seroconversion rate was 97%
      for monovalent vaccine and 97% to 100% (average 98%) for bivalent vaccines. For
      rubella, the rate was 100% for monovalent vaccine and 94% to 100% (average 99%)
      for bivalent vaccines. Thus, the vaccines were as safe and effective when given
      together as when given separately.

PMID- 1093391
TI  - Computer-aided diagnosis of "dyspepsia".
AB  - Experience with computer-aided diagnosis of "dyspepsia" in a consecutive
      prospective series of 212 patients coming to surgery is described. Analysis is
      concentrated upon 122 patients who presented to an outpatient clinic de novo for
      diagnosis. During their first (outpatient) hospital contact, a firm diagnosis was
      made in just over half of these patients (though where made, it was usually
      correct). After full investigation, the diagnostic accuracy (prior to operation)
      was 92.6%. Using data elicited solely from the house surgeon's interview at the
      time of admission, the computer's overall diagnostic accuracy was 87.7%. The cost
      of each new computer diagnosis was around 25 new pence ($0.60). and the time
      taken was about 5 minutes. In a further small series designed to discriminate
      between organic and functional dyspepsia, the computer correctly assigned all but
      1 of 23 patients with organic disease to the correct disease category. However,
      almost half of 33 patients with x-ray negative dyspepsia were predicted by the
      computer to have organic lesions. Time alone will tell whether the computer is a
      better early predictor of eventual organic disease than currently available
      radiologic methods.

PMID- 1093392
TI  - The role of fiberoptic endoscopy in the diagnosis and management of duodenal
      neoplasms.
AB  - This is a study of 11 cases of duodenal tumors encountered in 1200 consecutive
      duodenoscopic examinations over a 34-month period at The Johns Hopkins Hospital.
      Of these tumors, 4 were benign and 7 malignant. Endoscopic removal of 2 benign
      tumors was accomplished without morbidity and obviated the necessity for
      transabdominal surgery. The 2 other benign tumors were a probable lipoma and a
      benign polyp, and did not require surgical intervention. In 6 of the 7 patients
      with malignant lesions, the indication for performing duodenoscopy was an
      abnormal roentgenographic study. In each case, direct visualization of the
      abnormal area, together with biopsy and cytologic brushing, provided a definitive
      diagnosis of malignant disease and helped plan the therapeutic course. In the
      seventh patient, a primary adenocarcinoma at the duodenojejunal junction was
      found on endoscopic examination, after all other available diagnostic studies to
      find the cause of persistent gastrointestinal bleeding had been exhausted.
      Although duodenal tumors are not common, they were encountered in 1 of every 100
      duodenoscopies at a referral center. With increasing use of fiberoptic endoscopy,
      such tumors will undoubtedly be seen with increasing frequency. In our
      experience, endoscopy has proved to be a safe and reliable method of
      distinguishing between benign and malignant duodenal neoplasms and of assistance
      in planning subsequent management.

PMID- 1093390
TI  - Autoimmune phenomena in alcholic cirrhosis.
AB  - Serum immunoglobulins usually are increased impressively in alcoholic cirrhosis,
      particularly IgA and IgM. The basis for these changes has not been clarified.
      Previous studies with sera of cirrhotic subjects failed to show autoantibody
      reactions found in other hepatocellular diseases. Two autoantibody reactions were
      demonstrated by immunofluorescent techniques, using IgG, IgM, and IgA of
      cirrhotic sera. Purification was achieved by starch block electrophoresis, gel
      filtration of Sephadex G-200, chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex, and affinity
      chromatography on columns of Sepharose 4B, in that sequence. IgM appeared as a
      nonspecific antinuclear antibody, IgA bound to alcoholic hyaline (Mallory
      bodies). IgG failed to stain any of the examined tissues. It may be the blocking
      agent which prevents the above-mentioned autoimmune phenomena in whole serum.

PMID- 1093393
TI  - Thymus-derived lymphocytes in type B acute viral hepatitis and healthy carriers
      of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).
AB  - To assess thymus-derived (T) lymphocyte function in hepatitis B infection,
      lymphocytes from patients with type B acute viral hepatitis and healthy carriers
      of the hepatitis B surface antigen, were compared to normal controlss using
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) -induced blast cell transformation and sheep-cell
      rosette formation. Overall cell (T lymphocyte) -mediated immune function was
      similar with these in vitro assays in all three groups, except for decreases in
      total T cells in isolated patients with acute disease. Consequently, if a defect
      in cellular immunity exists in normal controls with persistent hepatitis B
      infection, it is probably specific for the antigens of the hepatitis B virus and
      not related to a generalized impairment of T-lymphocyte function.

PMID- 1093394
TI  - Syphilitic gastropathy.
AB  - A case study of a 22-year-old male with periumbilical, postprandial pain,
      partially relieved by antacids is presented. Abnormalities demonstrated on upper
      gastrointestinal series and a positive FTA-ABS suggested gastric lues. This
      diagnosis was confirmed by demonstrating spirochetes in gastric mucosa, both by
      silver impregnation and fluorescent techniques specific for Treponema pallidum.

PMID- 1093395
TI  - Biochemistry, cytology, and microbiology of equine peritoneal fluid after
      experimental strangulation obstruction of the distal ileum.

PMID- 1093396
TI  - Recent advances in the treatment of common intestinal helminths.

PMID- 1093397
TI  - Frost revisited: the modern epidemiology of tuberculosis.

PMID- 1093398
TI  - Particulate matter in reconstituted amphotericin B and assay of filtered
      solutions of amphotericin B.
AB  - Amphotericin B colloidal solutions were prepared according to the manufacturer's
      directions and filtered with membrane filters of different porosity to test for
      particulate matter; and the concentration and in vitro microbiological activity
      of filtered and nonfiltered solutions were determined.  The amphotericin B
      solutions contained numerous particles.  Filtration through 0.85- and 0.45-mum
      filters did not reduce the in vitro antimicrobial activity, and filtration
      through 5-, 0.45-, and 0.22-mum filters did not alter the concentration of the
      drug when assayed spectrophotometrically.

PMID- 1093399
TI  - Economic justification of pharmacist involement in patient medication
      consultation.
AB  - The financial savings experienced by patients as a result of pharmacists' efforts
      in a discharge medication interview program were evaluated.  The study involved
      1,000 patients discharged from the surgery service of a university hospital. 
      Pharmacists worked with physicians and patients in reducing the cost of
      medications by: (1) substituting less expensive drugs when possible, (2)
      relabeling bedside medication, (3) securing third party coverage for eligible
      patients, and (4) recommending purchase of non-prescription drugs over the
      counter.  Savings of nearly +1,700 were realized on 517 out of 1,832
      prescriptions; this was equal to +9.13 of savings to the patient per hour of
      pharmacist consultation time.

PMID- 1093400
TI  - Roster of residents in training in residency programs accredited by the American
      Society of Hospital Pharmacists.

PMID- 1093401
TI  - Studies of human lymphocytes in the newborn and the aged.
AB  - Proportions and absolute numbers of T and B lymphocytes were determined among 30
      newborn infants and group of 77 elderly patients 60 to 95 years of age. Total
      lymphocytes in the cord blood of the newborn showed a distinct elevation in total
      numbers of T and B lymphocytes (p less than 0.005) as compared to that in blood
      from normal adult controls, reflecting the relative lymphocytosis of infancy.
      Proportions of cord blood T lymphocytes as reflected by the sheep cell rosette
      technic were considerable lower than those in lymphocytes from normal adult
      controls, however, proportions of cord blood T lymphocytes as determined by
      indirect immunofluorescence were not significantly different from those in
      controls. Old people showed a significant reduction in total numbers of
      lymphocytes (p less than 0.005) when compared with those in normal adult controls
      18 to 51 years of age. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the relative
      proportions of peripheral blood B lymphocytes in the elderly although the
      absolute numbers of B lymphocytes in the elderly although the absolute numbers of
      B cells did not differ from those in younger controls. A significant decrease in
      total numbers of T cells as measured both by sheep cell rosettes and indirect
      immunofluorescence was recorded among older patients (p less than 0.001). In
      addition, there was a broad increment in the incidence of various autoantibodies
      (anti-nuclear, andi-IgG, antismooth muscle, antimitochondrial and antiparietal
      cell) among the old people studies. No direct correlation could be determined
      between relative B-cell percentage increase or T-cell decrease and the presence
      of various autoantibodies in individual patients. Diminution in total lymphocyte
      counts as well as absolute numbers of T cells in the elderly may provide the
      cellular basis for an increased susceptibility to neoplasia and infection.

PMID- 1093402
TI  - Gonadal dysfunction in uremic men. A study of the hypothalamo-pituitary
      testicular axis before and after renal transplantation.
AB  - Evaluation of testicular function in 13 hemodialyzed patients revealed the
      following: plasma testosterone (ng/100 ml) was low (less than 300 ng/100 ml) in 6
      and low normal in 7 patients; sperm counts ranged from 0 to 8 million/ml and
      motility from 0 to 8 per cent; testicular tissue from 2 patients showed an
      abnormal histologic picture ranging from hypospermatogenesis to germinal cell
      aplasia. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, ng/ml) was normal in eight (10 to 217
      ng/ml), and persistently eveated in five patients (265 to 760 ng/ml). Of the
      latter five patients, two were azzoospermic, one had germinal cell aplasia on
      postmortem examination, one had virtually no viable sperms, and the other was
      never able to furnish ejaculate for examination. Luteinizing hormone (LH, mg/ml)
      was high (more than 210 ng/ml) in five and normal in eight patients. Six patients
      when given clomiphene showed the normal response of increased FSH and LH release.
      Four of the 13 patients, when restudied 6 to 12 months later and while still on
      dialysis, showed further deterioration of plasma testosterone and sperm counts.
      Four of the patients subsequently underwent successful renal transplantation. All
      showed improvement in sperm counts (20 to 40 million/ml, motility 40 to 90 per
      cent) and plasma testosterone (440 to 850 ng/100 ml). These data suggest that
      both germinal cell and leydig cell functions were impaired among uremic men.
      These dysfunctions were not correctable by hemodialysis, but were completely
      reversed by renal transplantation. The high FSH among patients with azzospermia
      indicates a responsive pituitary. The positive response to clomiphene suggests
      that storage as well as release of both hypothalamic and pituitary hormones were
      normal. Attempts to localize a single defect at the testis failed to explain the
      post-transplant surge of FSH which invariably proceded improvement in
      spermatogenesis. It is therefore postulated that a defect in that portion of the
      hypothalamus involved in the receipt and/or interpretation of message might be at
      fault in uremia.

PMID- 1093403
TI  - Infected subfural hematoma: three case reports involving gram-negative organisms.
AB  - Three case reports of infected subdural hematoma are presented, two with
      Salmonellae and one with Escherichia. Infection of such hematomas most often
      occurs during bacteremia, and the area of infection is limited by the existing
      hematoma membrane. Clincally, fever, headache, nuchal rigidity, and focal
      neurological signs, especially in a patient with previous head trauma, suggest
      subdural infection. Treatment consists of drainage and systemic antibiotics.
      These case reports demonstrate the clinical features of this rarely reported
      entity, and especially illustrate the need for careful bacteriologic
      identification in suspected cases.

PMID- 1093404
TI  - Calcitonin levels in thyroid-vein blood of man.
AB  - Radioimmunoassay determinations of calcitonin from blood samples obtained by
      selective venous catheterization have demonstrated a large peripheral to thyroid
      vein gradient for this hormone in both normocalcemic and hypercalcemic persons.
      These fingings indicate that in fasting humans the thyroid gland maintains
      peripheral levels of calcitonin by actively secreting the hormone, and are
      consistent with the suggestion that the role of plasma calcitonin is of
      physiologic significance.

PMID- 1093405
TI  - The prophylaxis of gonorrhea.
AB  - The current level of the gonorrhea epidemic supports the need for additional
      measures for gonorrhea control. In the absence of evidence that prophylactic
      availability enhances promiscuity, a strong case can be made for venereal disease
      prophylaxis. This paper reviews the efficacy and acceptability of prophylactic
      techniques. In the military, acceptability and efficacy have been demonstrated
      for systemic antibiotics, and probably a postcoital prophylactic kit. These
      measures are either inappropriate or unavailable for general civilian use. The
      condom and vaginal spermicides offer promise of partial protection; further
      studies of efficacy and utilization are needed.

PMID- 1093407
TI  - Nurses in American history. Three schools-1873.

PMID- 1093406
TI  - Clinical aspects of pain in the chest by Tinsley R. Harrison. The American
      Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1944 (vol. 207) and 1945 (vol. 209).

PMID- 1093408
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Charles W. Hooker and Thomas R
      Forbes. A bio-assay for minute amounts of progesterone.

PMID- 1093409
TI  - The development of the Hooker-Forbes bioassay.

PMID- 1093410
TI  - Comparison of results of microbiologic and radioisotopic assays for serum vitamin
      B12 during pregnancy.
AB  - The serum vitamin B12 level falls progressively during pregnancy, when measured
      either by microbiologic assay or by a radioisotope dilution technique. The
      concentration of the vitamin assayed by radioisotope dilution was consistently
      higher than the value obtained by microbiologic assay. This discrepancy was
      greatest in early pregnancy and decreased as the duration of pregnancy increased.
      These results add further evidence to the hypothesis that changes in serum
      binders for vitamin B12 are of major significance in the pathogenesis of the
      observed fall in serum levels of the vitamin during pregnancy.

PMID- 1093412
TI  - American Academy of Optometry. Geographical directory of members.

PMID- 1093413
TI  - Visual acuity improvement in eyes with corneal scars fitted with contact lenses.
AB  - The vision of 190 eyes of 130 patients with corneal scars was tested with contact
      lenses, of which 166 eyes subsequently were fitted with contact lenses. Over 75%
      of all eyes with corneal scars showed a visual acuity improvement to 6/12 or
      better. All eyes with a nebular or macular corneal scar and an initial visual
      acuity of 6/60 or better improved to 6/12 or better. The visual acuity of 77% of
      the eyes fitted with contact lenses, compared to the visual acuity of 36% of the
      same eyes obtained with spectacle lenses, improved to 6/12 or better.

PMID- 1093411
TI  - Urinary stress incontinence: differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, and
      management.
AB  - It is appropriate to introduce this review of the subject of urinary stress
      incontinence with a discussion of  other disorders that may produce abdnormal
      urinary leakage,at times even stimulating true anatomic stress incontinence. It
      is obviously important to correctly identify patients with these other conditions
      and not perform surgical procedures unlikely to relieve their symptoms.
      Thereafter, the underlying pathophysiology of stress incontinence is considered
      in detail, since its fundamental understanding serves as the basis for both
      accurate diagnosis and proper selection and effective execution of the operations
      designed to correct true anatomic stress incontinence. A final section on patient
      management covers choice of the optimal surgical procedure for each individual
      patient, end results that should be achievable by proper selection and
      performance of the various operations, and a descriotion of some of the technical
      details that seem particularly helpful in carrying out the three principal types
      of surgical procedres currently in use.

PMID- 1093414
TI  - Bibliography of visual science dissertations and theses: British universities,
      1968 - 1971.

PMID- 1093415
TI  - Baroreceptor mechanisms controlling sympathetic nervous rhythms of central
      origin.
AB  - A study was made in the anesthetized cat of the slow wave of sympathetic nervous
      discharge (SND) locked in a 1:1 relation to the cardiac cycle (3 cycle/s
      periodicity). SND was recorded from the preganglionic splanchnic and
      postganglionic renal nerves. The data contradict the generally accepted view that
      the slow wave occurs as the direct result of a waxing and waning of baroreceptor
      nervous discharge. Although baroreceptor denervation unlocked the phase relations
      between SND and the cardiac cycle, the slow wave persisted and its duration was
      not changed. Furthermore, the slow wave was aborted by stimuli delivered to the
      baroreceptor nerves or paramedian reticular nucleus during a time span which
      accounted for less than 1 percent of the cardiac cycle. It is concluded that the
      3 cycle/s periodicity of SND is representative of a vasomotor rhythm of central
      origin which is entrained to the cardiac cycle by the baroreceptor reflexes. The
      sympathoinhibitory effect leading to the entrainment of the slow wave is mediated
      in the brainstem. ta spinal component of baroreceptor-induced sympathoinhibition
      also was demonstrated.

PMID- 1093416
TI  - Effects of vagotomy on urecholine-modified histamine dose responses in dogs.
AB  - Histamine step-dose responses, 2-100 mug/kg-h in 6 successive 45-min steps, were
      studied in nine dogs with gastric cannula. In three of the dogs the gastric
      fundus was selectively vagally denervated and the dose responses were repeated.
      In both groups of dogs the dose responses were then studied against background
      intravenous infusions of urecholine (10, 20, 40, and 80 mug/kg-h). Vagotomy acted
      as a competitive inhibitor (Km doubled from 14 to 29 mug/kg-h, while Vmax was
      unchanged) and this effect could be reversed by smaller than 10 mug urecholine/kg
      h. In both groups increasing backgrounds of urecholine increased Vmax from
      similar to 14 meq H+/30 min to similar to 23-24 meq/30 min and decreased
      histamine km from 14 mug/kg-h to about 1-2 mug/kg-h. Both changes were log
      linear. The effects of urecholine on histamine-stimulated H+ secretion thus
      showed synergism (decreased Km) and potentiation (increased Vmax), the former
      interpreted as a cholinergic effect on the parietal cell histamine receptors and
      the latter as the probable existence of spare cholinergic receptors not
      (normally) accessible to histamine. There were no intrinsic qualitative or
      quantitative differences in these responses between the vagotomized and the
      innervated stomachs.

PMID- 1093417
TI  - Geometrical distribution of capillaries in mammalian striated muscle.
AB  - Striated muscles of hindlimb, jaw, or tongue in dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, and
      guinea pigs were perfused under high pressure with Microfil (a silicone elastomer
      of viscosity 20 cP approx.) to outline the vascular bed. When the material had
      set, the muscles were fixed in formalin. Exmination of histological sections,
      strained by a modified Gomori trichrome method, showed capillaries containing
      Microfil as well as some, unperfused, filled with red cells. From well-perfused
      bundles the numbers of capillaries surrounding each fiber were counted; in all
      muscles these ranged from 0 to 9 with mean values betweeen 3.2 and 4.0. This was
      true of both red and white muscle. The mean number of fibers sharing one
      capillary ranged from 2.0 to 3.2, the lower value being found when four vessels
      surrounded a fiber and the higher value when there was only three. The results
      indicate a continuum of transitional models from a square array of fibers with
      each capillary between two adjacent fibers to a hexagonal array with capillaries
      at alternate vertices.

PMID- 1093418
TI  - A bookshelf on occupational health and safety.

PMID- 1093419
TI  - Drug treatment programs in Pennsylvania. A statewide evaluation.

PMID- 1093420
TI  - From frontier surgeon to industrial hygienist: the strange career of George M.
      Kober.

PMID- 1093421
TI  - Protection of the ischemic liver by donor pretreatment before transplantation.
AB  - Canine livers ischemically damaged for thirty minutes prior to auxiliary
      transplantation did not survive for long periods of time unless a combination of
      isoproterenol, allopurinol, and heparin was administered intravenously to the
      donor animal before the ischemic damage. These drugs had no protective effect
      when given individually. Ischemic livers treated with adenosine prior to
      transplantation also showed no improved recovery of function.

PMID- 1093422
TI  - Lethal complications of bilateral nephrectomy and splenectomy in hemodialyzed
      patients.
AB  - Routine bilateral nephrectomy and splenectomy (BNS) in uremic patients before
      transplantation are relatively safe procedures except when there is pre-existing
      sepsis, diabetes, or severe hypertension. A review of 421 patients undergoing
      routine pretransplantation BNS reveals that death before transplantation occurs
      in two definable groups of patients. In our series, the first group, those with
      juvenile onset diabetes, have a 15.4 per cent pretransplantation mortality (9.6
      per cent operative and 5.8 per cent nonoperative) while being maintained on
      hemodialysis and awaiting transplantation. The second group, nondiabetic patients
      with other preoperatively definable risk factors such as severe hypertension and
      infected kidneys, had a 3.25 per cent pretransplantation mortality (1.9 per cent
      operative and 1.25 per cent nonoperative) while on hemodialysis. Paradoxically,
      these same factors are used as absolute criteria for pretransplantation
      nephrectomy at institutions where this operation is not a routine part of the
      pretransplantation regimen.

PMID- 1093423
TI  - Gastroenteric anastomosis in Billroth II gastrectomy with maintenance of the
      physiologic diameter of the normal pylorus to prevent the dumping syndrome. Part
      II. Results in 1,300 cases.
AB  - Clinical results of the use of a gastroenteric anastomosis with a diameter the
      size of the normal pylorus (1.9 cm) in 1,300 cases between 1954 and 1971 are
      presented mainly in terms of prevention of the dumping syndrome. We have had no
      patient with clinical manifestations of any degree of the dumping syndrome in the
      first two years after operation. These excellent results have led us to employ
      the method routinely. We recommend this method for its simplicity and, above all,
      its effectiveness in preventing the dumping syndrome.

PMID- 1093424
TI  - Decreased function of a renal transplant after influenza virus infection.
AB  - A sixteen year old female recipient of a renal transplant had decreased renal
      function one month after an influenza virus infection. An acute rejection episode
      induced by the viral infection was the probable cause. Renal function in
      transplant recipients should be carefully monitored for at least one month after
      viral infection.

PMID- 1093425
TI  - Quantification of retinal lesions in diabetic retinopathy.
AB  - A method of quantitative evaluation of the number of microaneurysms is described
      for clinical research in the therapy of early stages of diabetic retinopathy. In
      a double-blind study it can be demonstrated that the described method quantifies
      the progression of retinopathy statistically during only one year of observation
      in 32 resp. 40 patients. The difficulties of quantification are due to
      interpretation problems of the photographic documentation and the learning
      problem of the observer.

PMID- 1093426
TI  - The influence of the route of administration on the clinical action of diazepam.
AB  - The relative efficacy of diazepam 10 mg as a premedicant was assessed following
      its oral and intramuscular administration, using a "double-blind, double-dummy"
      technique, as well as its effect when given by both routes. Drugs were given to a
      standard patient population who were undergoing the same type of operation and
      receiving a standard anaesthetic. The most rapid onset of soporific action
      occurred when diazepam was given by mouth and this produced the best effect
      throughout the period of the study although its efficacy began to pass off after
      60 minutes. It was superior in effect to the same dose injected into the thigh.
      The combined effect of oral and intramuscular diazepam was not notably greater
      than tht of the single oral dose. The injection of diazepam was followed by an
      unacceptably high incidence of pain, particularly when this was given into the
      thigh. There were no significant differences in either the course of anaesthesia
      or the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting. When the undesired
      effects are taken into consideration, the oral administration of diazepam should
      be the route of choice.

PMID- 1093427
TI  - Plasma diazepam levels after single dose oral and intramuscular administration.
AB  - Plasma diazepam levels were estimated by gas-liquid chromatography following a
      single 10 mg dose administered to a health adult female population by the oral
      and intramuscular routes. The highest levels were achieved following oral
      administration, reaching a peak at 60 minutes, although injection into the thigh
      resulted in a more rapid rise initially. Injection into this site produced higher
      levels than when the buttock was used. Injection by nurses into the latter site
      produced particularly low plasma levels over the 90-minute period of study. The
      plasma levels found at 90 minutes following the oral and thigh routes were found
      to be closely correlated with the weight of the patient.

PMID- 1093428
TI  - Adrenocortical function related to Althesin anaesthesia and surgery in man.
AB  - Althesin anaesthesia alone had no significant effect on plasma cortisol
      concentration. When Althesin induction was followed by maintenance with N2O and
      halothane there was a statistically insignificant fall, but with N2O, pancuronium
      and I.P.P.V there was a tendency for plasma cortisol concentrations to rise.
      This, too, was statistically not significant. A significant elevation in the mean
      plasma cortisol concentration was only found in patients during abdominal
      surgery.

PMID- 1093429
TI  - Positive end-expiratory pressure. Effect on arterial oxygenation during
      respiratory failure in chronic obstructive airway disease.
AB  - Changes induced in arterial oxygenation by positive end-expiratory pressure
      (PEEP) were analysed in twenty-nine instances in seven patients with chronic
      obstructive airway disease and acute respiratory failure, who were receiving
      IPPV. A significant decrease in mean PaO2 was found 4 hours after the removal of
      PEEP (P smaller than 0-01), but after its addition during the same period the
      PaO2 change was not significant. PaCO2 values were not modified by PEEP. The
      slight increase in mean PaO2 (20-9 mmHg) encountered during controlled
      ventilation with PEEP seems of doubtful clinical value. Alveolar-arterial oxygen
      gradient, while breathing oxygen 100%, was found to be elevated with a mean value
      of 276 mmHg. It appears from our results that PEEP is of little or no value in
      the routine ventilatory treatment of patients with chronic obstructive airway
      disease unless hypoxaemia is believed to be caused by a large intrapulmonary
      shunt.

PMID- 1093430
TI  - Pneumopericardium associated with tracheal rupture. Management of a case
      complicated by the shock lung syndrome.
AB  - A case history of a patient with unusual injuries following blunt thoracic trauma
      is presented. There was a pneumopericardium, bilateral tension pneumothoraces and
      rupture of the thoracic trachea, and the shock lung syndrome developed. Some
      points which arose in the management of the case are discussed, and it is pointed
      out that such injuries may be missed and must be considered in all patients with
      thoracic trauma especially those who do not improve with routine therapy.

PMID- 1093431
TI  - The immediate care of head injuries.
AB  - Anaesthetists have much to contribute as members of a team concerned with the
      management of a severe head injury. Many factors have been discussed but it must
      be remembered that their most important duty is to maintain a clear airway.

PMID- 1093432
TI  - Chloroform at Christmas. An early reference from the Theatre-Royal, Edinburgh.
AB  - James Young Simpson first administered chloroform to one of his obstetric
      patients on 5 November 1847. The speed with which the discovery caught the
      popular imagination is illustrated by a comic scene in a pantomime which formed
      part of an entertainment in Edinburgh presented on 27 December in the same year.

PMID- 1093433
TI  - Acute opium poisoning: a report of two hundred cases in Iran.
AB  - The diagnosis and management of 200 cases of self-poisoning due to orally
      ingested crude opium in Iran is reported and discussed. Gastric lavage supported
      when necessary by nalorphine was effective treatment in the majority of cases
      because of the slow absorption of opium. Mechanical ventilation was required in
      twelve cases (6%) only. There were three deaths; two of these were due to
      pulmonary oedema which was apparently not the result of hypoxia.

PMID- 1093434
TI  - Letter: Magnetic adaptor for the portex tracheostomy tube.

PMID- 1093435
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Dr. Ludwig Zukschwerdt].

PMID- 1093436
TI  - [Clinical investigations of the steroid anaesthetic agent CT-1341 (Althesin)
      (Cardiovascular and respiratory effects)].
AB  - The new steroid anaesthetic CT-1341 (Althesin) has been used as an induction
      agent in dose of 0.07 ml/kg body weight. Following injection, stage 1 anaesthesia
      is reached in an average of 30 sec with a clinical duration of between 12 and 20
      min with total recovery, supported by a normal pre-anaesthetic EEG tracing, in 40
      to 50 min. The respiratory depression following injection in characterized by a
      short period of apnea followed by an increased respiratory rate and a diminished
      tidal volume; there is a decrease of the pO2 of about 15%, but the pCO2 and pH
      values do not show significant variations. Concerning its action on the
      cardiovascular system, there was found an increase of heart rate (+14%), a
      decrease of both systolic (-19%) and diastolic pressures (minus decrease of both
      systolic (-19%) and diastolic pressure (-13.5%), central venous pressure and the
      peripheral vascular resistance (-14%) with hardly any change in the pulmonary
      artery pressure.

PMID- 1093437
TI  - Radial artery cannulation.
AB  - The status of radial artery cannulation is reviewed. The technique of
      percutaneous puncture, equipment in use, and known complications are discussed.
      Recommendations are made for precautionary measures to reduce the complication
      rate. It is concluded that radial artery cannulation is a safe and useful
      procedure in certain anaesthetic and intensive care situations.

PMID- 1093438
TI  - Management of tracheal rupture involving both bronchi.
AB  - A patient with a rupture of the lower trachea and both bronchi is presented. A
      review of the significant clinical findings is presented, and the anaesthetic
      management is discussed. The necessity of early bronchoscopy in these patients
      and the ready availability of experienced medical staff in assessing all severe
      trauma is emphasized.

PMID- 1093439
TI  - Evaluation of infant ventilators.
AB  - A method of evaluating the performance of paediatric ventilators under simulated
      clinical conditions is described, together with the results of this evaluation of
      the prototypes of two ventilators designed specifically for use with infants and
      small children.

PMID- 1093440
TI  - A fast method for the determination of 5' terminal dinucleotides of DNA
      fragments.

PMID- 1093441
TI  - Specific ion mediated chromatography of glycoproteins and neutral polysaccharides
      on substituted agarose gels.

PMID- 1093442
TI  - Investigation into the use of Aspergillus oryzae S1 nuclease in the presence of
      solvents which destabilize or prevent DNA secondary structure: formaldehyde,
      formamide, and glyoxal.

PMID- 1093443
TI  - Determination of the extent of methylation of tRNA.

PMID- 1093444
TI  - Direct fluorimetric assay for proteolytic activity against intact proteins.

PMID- 1093445
TI  - An improved method for the purification of the nucleic acids from small amounts
      of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1093446
TI  - A general method for the determination of the carboxyl-terminal sequence of
      proteins.

PMID- 1093447
TI  - Differential quantitative determination of acetyl-CoA and acetyl-dephospho-CoA.

PMID- 1093448
TI  - Microelectrophoresis of RNA in 10-8-10-9 g amounts.

PMID- 1093449
TI  - Fluorescent assay of anthranilate synthetase-anthranilate 5
      phosphoribosylpyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme-complex on
      polyacrylamide gels.

PMID- 1093450
TI  - A compilation of amino acid analyses of proteins. IX. Residues per mole of
      protein--7. Hemoglobin, part A--human.

PMID- 1093451
TI  - A quantitative, batch hydroxyapatite method for analyzing native and denatured
      DNA at room temperature.

PMID- 1093452
TI  - Obituary: Hobart H Willard, 1881-1974.

PMID- 1093453
TI  - Teaching effectiveness: evaluation of computer-assisted instruction for
      cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
AB  - Computer instruction for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), using a case
      simulation program, was evaluated for its teaching effectiveness. First-month
      anesthesia residents, divided into two groups, A and B, underwent a cognitive
      evaluation on their 1st day of arrival and again on their 5th day. Both groups
      were provided with clear educational objectives and reading materials, a tutor
      was assigned to each student to answer specific questions. Students in group A,
      also given computer-assisted instruction (CAI), showed a significantly higher
      learning than those in group B, who served as controls. That CAI was a highly
      motivational form of learning was established by later voluntary participation in
      CAI of all group B students.

PMID- 1093454
TI  - Historical vignettes. Dr. August Karl Gustav Bier 1861-1949.

PMID- 1093455
TI  - We salute... John Edward Steinhaus.

PMID- 1093456
TI  - Sequential blood volume changes in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.
AB  - Adequacy of transfusion based exclusively on clinical observations of hemodynamic
      changes and quantities of blood lost during total hip arthroplasty (THA) in 15
      adults was tested by serial measurements of 51-Cr red-cell volume (RCV), 125-I
      RISA plasma volume (PV), and peripheral hematocrit (Hv) determined immediately
      before and 2 and 48 hours after operation. Blood transfusion and intravenous
      fluid therapy were based on clinical observations and designed to restore blood
      volume (BV) to within 10 percent of its preoperative level prior to the isotopic
      determination 2 hours postoperatively. (When that determination showed a BV less
      than 90 percent, transfusions were given to restore it to between 90 and 100
      percent). Isotopic data 2 hours after operation showed that the BV reduction-
      thought clinically to be less than 10 percent in every case--averaged 21.6
      percent (range: 6 to 39 percent) and was shared by RCV and PV. Isotopic
      measurements 48 hours after operation showed that patients whose BV at 2 hours
      was within 10 percent of the preoperative BV were able to compensate for an
      average continuing RCV reduction of 23.9 percent by expansion of PV, resulting in
      an average BV reduction of 11.4 percent. Hv was a valuable guide for transfusion
      therapy at 48 hours, but not 2 hours after operation. In view of inadequacy of
      blood replacement based on clinical observations and the magnitude and
      variability of the 2 hour postoperative isotopically measured BV reductions in
      our patients, we recommend obtaining a derived BV by measuring PV and Hv
      preoperatively and 2 hours postoperatively as a further guide to transfusion
      therapy for each patient under-going THA. This is simpler and more practical than
      the two-isotope technique and is more sensitive than clinical observation alone.
      If clinical observation had been supplemented with a derived BV in our 15 cases,
      80 percent instead of 30 percent would have had their BV restored to within 10
      percent of the preoperative BV.

PMID- 1093457
TI  - The physician & the law. Dentists settle for $250,000 in cardiac arrest case.

PMID- 1093458
TI  - Psychomotor skills related to driving after intramuscular administration of
      diazepam and meperidine.
AB  - Psychomotor skills related to driving and the ability to discriminate the fusion
      of flickering light were measured in a double-blind cross-over fashion in 11
      healthy volunteers before, and 1, 3, 5, and 7 hours after, intramuscular
      injection of saline solution, 10 mg diazepam, or 75 mg meperidine. The late
      effects of meperidine were tested in five other subjects 12 and 24 hours after
      the injection. The effects of diazepam were the most harmful to coordinative and
      reactive skills, which were significantly impaired for as long as 5 hours.
      Meperidine impaired reactive skills for as long as 3 hours and flicker-fusion
      discrimination and coordinative skills for as long as 12 hours. It is concluded
      that patients should not drive or operate machinery for at least 7 hours after
      receiving 10 mg diazepam intramuscularly and for 24 hours after receiving 75 mg
      meperidine intramuscularly.

PMID- 1093459
TI  - Hyaline membrane disease.
AB  - In addition to confirmation of earlier epidemiologic observations, major advances
      have occurred in the past few years with respect to the diagnosis and treatment
      of hyaline membrane disease. Prenatal assessment of the risk for developing the
      disorder is now routinely possible by amniocentesis and analysis of the ratio of
      lecithin to sphingomyelin in amniotic fluid, or by surfactant titer ("shake
      test"). Such predictability and numerous other lines of evidence provide strong
      support for the hypothesis that hyaline membrane disease fundamentally reflects a
      deficiency of pulmonary surfactant. In accordance with the apparent primacy of
      surfactant deficiency, recent improvements in management are directed toward
      either increasing lung volume at end expiration by application of continuous
      distending airway pressure, or accelerating fetal lung maturation, with respect
      to the synthesis and secretion of surfactant, by prenatal administration of
      glucocorticoids.

PMID- 1093460
TI  - The activity of chaulmoogra acids against Mycobacterium leprae.
AB  - The activity of the crude sodium salts of the fatty acids of chaulmoogra oil and
      of hydnocarpic and chaulmoogric acids against Mycobacterium leprae was studied in
      mouse footpad infection. Multiplication of the organisms was inhibited when the
      salts were administered intraperitoneally and subcutaneously 3 times per week,
      and when chaulmoogric acid was administered intraperitoneally 5 times per week in
      half the equivalent dose. Dihydrochaulmoogric acid was also active, whereas
      palmitic acid was not. Hydnocarpic acid administered intraperitoneally once per
      week in a dose equivalent to half that of the sodium salts of the chaulmoogra
      fatty acids was not effective. The demonstration that chaulmoogra fatty acids
      possess activity against M. leprae lends weight to our earlier suggestion that a
      study of compounds analogous to these acids may yield effective antimicrobial
      agents with a unique mechanism of action.

PMID- 1093461
TI  - Evaluation of mini-dose heparin administration as a prophylaxis against
      postoperative pulmonary embolism: a prospective double-blind study.
AB  - A prospective double-blind study was instituted in a group of 150 general
      surgical patients to test the effectiveness of mini-dose heparinization in the
      pre- and postoperative periods. There was a 21 per cent reduction in the
      incidence of deep venous thrombosis in the heparin treated group. A
      radiopharmaceutical imaging technique with 99m-technetium macroaggregated albumin
      was used to evaluate the deep venous system. The procedure proved to be simple,
      safe, and painless; however, it was difficult to differentiate venous stasis from
      deep venous thrombosis. A negative study was good evidence that deep venous
      thrombosis did not exist. An additional benefit of this procedure was that a
      perfusion lung study could be obtained which provided additional information
      regarding pulmonary embolism without injecting additional radiopharmaceutical.
      Again, the negative perfusion lung study provided more information.

PMID- 1093462
TI  - Vesicovaginal fistula.

PMID- 1093463
TI  - In vivo and in vitro effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on streptomycin-sensitive and 
      resistant Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1093464
TI  - Dimethyl sulfoxide therapy in nonmongoloid infantile oligophrenia.
AB  - We are herein submitting the results obtained with a group of 13 nonmongoloid,
      oligophrenic children after 180 days' treatment with DAT, and we have compared
      the results with those of a control group that received only conventional
      treatment. The children were examined before and after the treatment by means of
      the Binet-Simon tests, which have been standardized by Kuhlmann, and the Wise and
      Terman Merrill test. The control of organic lesion was determined by the Bender
      test. The variation mean of the control group was 0.08, and that of the DAT
      treated group was 0.954; 0.874 was the mean difference, and 0.543 and 1.205 were
      the degrees of reliability. The difference between the results obtained from the
      DAT-treated group and the one that received conventional medication was
      significant (P equal 0.01). None of the 13 cases treated showed any signs of
      toxicity.

PMID- 1093465
TI  - Pharmacologic and biochemical considerations of dimethyl sulfoxide.
AB  - DMSO has multiple known pharmacological properties. In addition to those referred
      to include: cryoprotective action, radioprotective effect, influence on serum
      cholesterol in experimental hypercholesteremia, and platelet aggregation
      antagonism. How the multiple properties of this chemical affect therapy in
      clinical medicine must yet be explained. It is clear, however, that DMSO does
      affect biological systems, and that this influence has many clinical
      applications. Perhaps one of the most interesting and significant properties of
      DMSO is its ability to move other drugsthrough membranes. When mixed with DMSO,
      many drugs appear to be potentiated in their physiologic effect; thus smaller
      doses are required and less toxicity is demonstrated. In cancer chemotherapy,
      this value already has practical use. Some of the studies to be reported in this
      monograph will describe additional, almost unbelievable observations. Perhaps the
      mechanism of action of these clinical phenomena will be found in one or more of
      the pharmacological properties described. It would not be surprising, however, if
      we were to conclude with a resolution to search for new explantations of the
      mystery of DMSO, for it would appear that DMSO is really a new principle in
      medicine and cannot always be measured by existing standards.

PMID- 1093466
TI  - Toxicity of dimethyl sulfoxide, alone and in combination.

PMID- 1093468
TI  - A T-cell -produced mediator substance active in the humoral immune response.

PMID- 1093467
TI  - Examination of lymphocyte membranes of athymic "nude" mice by scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Recent reports 1-3 have proposed that T-lymphocytes (thymus derived) could be
      distinguished from B-lymphocytes (thymus independent) by examining their features
      under the scanning electron microscope. T-cells were designated as having
      relatively smooth surfaced cells, whereas B-cells had "hairy" surfaces with many
      microvilli. We have examined this hypothesis in congenitally athymic "nude" mice,
      animals lacking T-cells,4 and have not been able to confirm these reports. We
      have found that lymphocytes from nude (nu/nu) mice are indistinguishable from
      lymphocytes obtained from normal littermates (NLM) and CBA/J mice. We have found
      that in all the murine lymphoid tissue examined, including nude, the complete
      gamut of cell surface types, ranging from smooth to "hairy" are present. Our
      studies indicate that the proposed T- and B-cell classification based upon human
      surface morphology under the scanning electron microscope is questionable in a
      mouse model. It is presently unclear whether the smooth lymphocytes seen in nude
      mice are immature B-cells, pre-T-cells, or another unidentified population of
      cells.

PMID- 1093470
TI  - T-lymphocyte maturation and antitumoral effect of a thymic extract obtained from
      a stimulated model.

PMID- 1093469
TI  - Antigenic and functional evidence for the in vitro inductive activity of
      thymopoietin (thymin) on thymocyte precursors.
AB  - Thymopoietin, a polypeptide hormone isolated from bovine thymus, induced in vitro
      the differentiation of prothymocytes to cells with the antigenic and functional
      characteristics of intrathymic thymocytes. These changes included the acquisition
      of the differentiation antigens TL and Thy-1 (theta) and the ability to respond
      to the mitogen Con-A. Thymopoietin appears to be highly speicfic in inducing the
      prothymocyte to be highly specific in inducing the prothymocyte to thymocyte
      differentiation and does not affect the pluripotential stem cell measured by the
      colony forming assay (CFU-S), the erythropoietin-sensitive cell or B-cells.
      Experiments are in progress to determine whether additional hormonal inductive
      signals are required to complete the differentiation of an immunologically
      competent T-cell.

PMID- 1093471
TI  - Influence of thymus extracts on the maturation of the immune response in neonatal
      mice.

PMID- 1093472
TI  - Involvement of T- and B-lymphocytes in the immune response to the protein
      exotoxin and the lipopolysaccharide antigens of Vibrio cholerae.
AB  - The immune response at the level of individual immunocytes to the somatic
      lipopolysaccharide antigen derived from whole Vibrio cholerae and to the purified
      protein exotoxin from this organism were studied in terms of the role of T- and B
      lymphocytes. By adoptive cell transfer studies with irradiated recipient mice, it
      was shown that normal spleen cells from normal syngeneic mice could readily
      transfer the capability of responding to both types of cholera antigens. However,
      when the spleen cells were depleted of T-cells with anti-theta serum and
      complement, antibody responsiveness to the LPS antigen, but not to exotoxin,
      could be achieved in recipients. Furthermore, by appropriate transfer of either
      bone marrow, thymus, or thymus-marrow cell mixtures to irradiated mice, it was
      shown that the response to the cholera somatic antigen was relatively independent
      of thymus cells, whereas the response to exotoxin required "helper" T-cells. The
      role of thymus and bone marrow cells in the intestinal tract in immune responses
      to the somatic and toxic antigens of cholera vibrios requires further
      investigation. Further studies should also provide additional information not
      only concerning the mechanism of the immune response to these antigens in terms
      of basic mechanisms of antibody formation, but also should provide valuable
      information in terms of anticholera immunity per se.

PMID- 1093473
TI  - The absolute requirement for T-cells in the induction of IgM-secreting cells, in
      vitro.
AB  - Anti-rabbit thymocyte antibody can totally inhibit the induction of IgM
      production that ordinarily is observed whem lymphoid cells are incubated, in
      virto, in the absence of added antigen. Univalent as well as bivalent
      antithymocyte antibody preparations were inhibitory when added to cells before
      the induction of immunoglobulin production had occurred but not afterwards.
      Spleen cells that had been treated with antithymocyte antibody and then cultured
      with thymocytes for 72 hours exhibited an enhanced inducttion of immunoglobulin
      production. Untreated spleen cells also showed this property, although both
      untreated lymph node cells and lymph node cells treated with antithymocyte
      antiboyd did not respond to thymocytes. The enhancement of the induction of
      immunoglobulin production by lipopolysaccharide was found to be T-cell dependent
      as judged from studies using antithymocyte antibody.

PMID- 1093474
TI  - Introcutory remarks to the conference on "Thymus Factors in Immunity".

PMID- 1093476
TI  - Thymic hormones?

PMID- 1093475
TI  - The nature and function of T-cell antigens.
AB  - T-lymphocytes differ antigenically from B-lymphocytes. In the present study
      attempts were made to determine the role of surface antigens of T-cells, in their
      migration in vivo and in their response to mitogens. Exposure of thymus cells to
      anti-H2 sera inhibits migration to the lymph nodes (LN) to a greater extent than
      to the spleen. Fab fragments of H-2 antisera had only a slight effect on
      lymphocyte migration, inhibiting the LN-seeking stream only slightly more than
      the spleen-seeking stream. The interaction of Con-A with carbohydrates on the
      cell-surface of lymphocytes inhibits preferentially their localization in LN.
      Studies on the migration of lymphocytes that had localized either in the LN or
      spleens of primary host indicate that Con-A does not eliminate LN-seeking cells,
      but rather inhibits their active localization in LN. The subpopulation of
      lymphocytes, in both thymus and spleen that responds to Con-A was found to
      possess a higher H-2 antigenicity and a lower Ly and theta-antigenicity than the
      cells responding to PHA. Spleen cells responding to low concentrations of PHA had
      a relatively high H-2 antigenicity, whereas thos responding to high
      concentrations of PHA had a low H-2 antigenicity. Exposure of thymus cells to H-2
      antiserum alone markedly inhibited their response to Con-A. Similar treatment of
      spleen cells had only a weak inhibitory effect.

PMID- 1093477
TI  - Diseases of the tonsils and adenoids in adults.

PMID- 1093478
TI  - Natural history of otitis media.

PMID- 1093479
TI  - Effects of magnesium, Ruthenium red and the antibiotic ionophore A-23187 on
      initial rates of calcium uptake and release by heart mitochondria.

PMID- 1093480
TI  - Allergic contact dermatitis to underwear elastic. Chemically transformed by
      laundry bleach.
AB  - Six subjects, allergic to the elastic in their undergarments, were patch test
      negative to the rubber components and new elastic from the suppliers. However,
      washing the rubber with sodium hypochlorite gave the subjects allergic responses
      due to the effect of bleach on the rubber accelerator, zinc
      dibenzyldithiocarbamate (ZDC). To identify the allergen, ZDC was reacted with the
      sodium hypochlorite, and the resultant gum was extracted with diethyl ether.
      Eight compounds were identified in the reaction mixture by gas chromatography
      mass spectrometry. The individual components were tested on volunteers after
      sensitization to the reaction mixture was produced in 14 of 25 volunteers. One
      component, N,N-dibenzylcarbamyl chloride produced an allergic response in each
      sensitized volunteer.

PMID- 1093481
TI  - Miconazole therapy for endemic fungal disease.
AB  - Miconazole nitrate (2.0%) cream was evaluated in the treatment of endemic
      dermatophytosis in an overcrowded prison. The active drug was compared in a
      random double-blind study with its control vehicle in the treatment of 99 inmates
      who had moderate to severe symptomatic disease. Tinea cruris and tinea pedis
      caused by Trichophyton rubrum predominated, although Trichophyton mentagrophytes
      and Candida albicans were also isolated and identified. Prompt clinical clearing
      occurred in 75.5% of those treated with miconazole versus 12.0% of those treated
      with the vehicle alone. Results of mycological examination closely paralleled and
      confirmed these clinical results.

PMID- 1093482
TI  - Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia with gastric involvement.
AB  - A 49-year-old man with liver disease developed a unilateral telangiectatic lesion
      over the left trigeminal and left C3, C4, C5, and T1 dermatomal areas. This case
      fulfills the criteria for unilateral nervoid telangiectatic syndrome (UNTS), and
      as such represents the 11th reported case of UNTS and the first case, to our
      knowledge, of visceral involvement associated with a similar vascular
      malformation. A hemorrhagic tendency is present in this syndrome when there is
      gastrointestinal involvement.

PMID- 1093483
TI  - Monoparesis. Complication of constant positive airways pressure.
AB  - Erb's palsy has been observed in 2 infants who had been treated with constant
      positive airways pressure for idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. Both
      infants made complete neurological recovery from what was thought to be an
      acquired injury from the neck seal.

PMID- 1093484
TI  - Sir James Spence.

PMID- 1093485
TI  - Arterial stenosis complicating renal allotransplantation in man: a study of 38
      cases.
AB  - Of 306 renal transplantations, stenosis of the artery supplying the grafted
      kidney was found in 38 patients three months to two years after they had
      undergone renal transplantation. The diagnosis was made by arteriography done
      because of refractory hypertension with or without impaired renal function in 36
      patients and as a routine investigation in two normotensive patients. The
      stenosis was corrected surgically in 14 patients, with resultant lasting relief
      of hypertension in ten patients and improvement of renal function in five out of
      six patients with impaired renal function. Different types of stenosis were
      recognized: stenosis of the recipient artery, stenosis of the suture line,
      stenosis of the donor renal artery (segmental or diffuse) and multiple forms. The
      most frequent site of stenosis was the donor artery. There seems to be no single
      cause of stenosis: atheroma of the recipient vessels, faulty suture technique,
      hemodynamic disturbances, trauma to donor or recipient arteries account for some
      cases, whereas in other cases the evidence points to an immune mechanism. This
      complication of renal transplantation may be more frequent than is thought at
      present; therefore, routine renal arteriography should be performed at repeated
      intervals in all transplanted patients.

PMID- 1093486
TI  - Spontaneous reversal of portal blood flow: the case for and against its
      occurrence in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.
AB  - Because of its presumed serious clinical significance, we made an analysis of the
      evidence for and against the occurrence of spontaneous reversal of portal flow in
      cirrhosis of the liver. We examined the evidence obtained from manometric
      studies, radioactive tracer studies, radiologic studies, and actual measurements
      of magnitude and direction of portal blood flow. Concerning manometric studies,
      we introduced a physical analysis, based on first principles, which demonstrates
      that the occluded portal pressures cannot be used to construct a hydraulic
      gradient for portal flow. Similarly, we examined the weakness of the evidence
      derived from radioactive tracer and radiologic studies and, in the latter, the
      drastically opposite results reported by different investigators. Finally, we
      found that actual measurements of magnitude and direction of portal flow provide
      impressive evidence against the occurrence of spontaneous reversal of portal flow
      in cirrhosis. We conclude that unless new and convincing evidence is provided, it
      may not serve the best interests of medicine and of our patients to continue
      accepting spontaneous reversal of portal flow in cirrhosis as if it were a proven
      phenomenon.

PMID- 1093487
TI  - Suppression of leukocyte chemotaxis in vitro by chemotherapeutic agents used in
      the management of thermal injuries.
AB  - Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from burned patients exhibit suppressed chemotaxis
      possibly related to the susceptibility of such patients to opportunistic
      infection. This study assesses the effect of normal serum upon burn-suppressed
      leukocytes and the effects of three commonly used topical chemotherapeutic agents
      upon the chemotaxis exhibited by granulocytes from normal controls. In vitro
      incubation with normal serum restored chemotaxis to normal in the suppressed
      granulocytes from burned patients. The serum factor responsible for this
      restoration was heat labile. Serum albumin alone did not exhibit this effect.
      Both mafenide and silver sulfadiazine suppressed the chemotactic function of
      granulocytes obtained from normal controls, while silver nitrate exhibited no
      such activity. Studies of the chemotactic function of control granulocytes after
      incubation with sera from burned patients yielded similar results; only the sera
      from patients treated with silver nitrate failed to suppress normal leukotaxis.
      The chemotactic impairment found in leukocytes from burned patients, however,
      while related to burn size and predictive of prognosis, did not vary with the
      agent used for the topical therapy. These data suggest the presence of a
      reversible intrinsic defect in leukotaxis consequent to burn injury, related to
      some factor deficient in burn serum. In addition, extrinsic impairment of normal
      granulocyte leukotaxis by two commonly used chemotherapeutic agents is
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1093488
TI  - Presidental address: major contributions to surgery from the South.

PMID- 1093489
TI  - Y-U advancement pyloroplasty.
AB  - Heineke in 1886 and von Mikulicz in 1887 independently described the popular
      method of pyloroplasty by longitudinal incision and transverse closure. In some
      patients, particularly children, the Heineke-Mikulicz procedure has not always
      been satisfactory because of inadequate size and distortion of the muscular
      gastroduodenal funnel. In 1958, Moschel and co-workers reintroduced the concept
      of the Y-V advancement principle to enlarge the pylorus. This operation has not
      been widely adopted but has a number of attractive features, including
      simplicity, safety, and maximal channel size with minimal operating time. The
      standard Y-V principle has been modified in favor of a broadly based U-shaped
      pedicle constructed from the presenting surface of the gastric antrum which is
      advanced into an incision made in the anterior duodenum. This operation has been
      used in 33 patients, who range in age from 3 weeks to 17 years. They have been
      variously followed from 6 months to 10 years. The surgical need for pyloroplasty
      in this group of patients included hiatal hernia with delayed gastric emptying
      (19 patients); vagotomy for ulcer (7 patients); esophageal substitution (4
      patients); vagotomy for reflux esophagitis (2 patients); and, in one instance,
      revision of an obstructed Heineke-Mikulicz pyloroplasty. Complications have been
      minimal; gastric drainage has been highly satisfactory. In long-term followup, no
      ill effect has been seen from the presence of antral mucosa in the proximal
      duodenum.

PMID- 1093490
TI  - Use of radionuclide imaging in the early diagnosis and treatment of renal
      allograft rejection.
AB  - Data are presented on the clinical application of radionuclide imaging to
      evaluate changes in cadaver transplant function in the immediate postoperative
      period. The method uses orthoiodohippuric acid (hippuran) administered IV, with
      scintillation imaging, and curve analysis by a digital computer. An initial study
      is always obtained 24 hours after transplantation. Serial studies are then
      obtained, as needed, to interpret the clinical course. Selected cases are
      presented which illustrate the use of this protocol in various clinical settings.
      In the oliguric patient serial studies have been of particular value. They have
      identified ATN so that over-enthusiastic treatment for rejection could be
      avoided. They have also identified acute rejection complicating ATN so that high
      dose steroid therapy could be administered appropriately. In the non-oliguric
      patient they have frequently contributed to the early diagnosis of acute
      rejection, and they have been useful in monitoring the effect and duration of
      treatment for severe rejection crisis. It is concluded that radionuclide imaging
      studies, when carefully applied and interpreted, are a valuable adjunct to the
      management of patients in this complex clinical setting.

PMID- 1093491
TI  - Hypertension due to renal artery stenosis in transplanted kidneys.
AB  - Hypertension appeared to be related to stenosis of the hypogastricrenal artery
      system in 5 patients among 153 recipients of renal allografts. Renin assay and
      arteriography were crucial in the comprehensive evaluation of patients whose
      hypertension was not clearly related to rejection or excessive sodium intake.
      Hypereninemia was persistent in 4 of the 5 patients. Stenoses of the transplant
      renal arteries in three patients were caused by extensive intimal plaque
      formation. In one patient, periarterial fibrosis caused reduction of flow; 180
      degrees torsion of the anastomosis resulted in stenosis in the fifth patient.
      Surgical correction is difficult and may be facilitated by a transabdominal
      approach. Vein bypass is probably preferable to patch angioplasty for intimal
      lesions. Following operation, hypertension was ameliorated and function improved
      in all patients. Rejection, which has been suggested as one of the causes of
      intimal plaque formation, ultimately led to the loss of the transplant in one
      patient. Function is normal in two patients; two patients have evidence of
      chronic rejection. No effort should be spared to evaluate this special group of
      patients whose transplant function can predictably be prolonged by decisive
      surgical management.

PMID- 1093492
TI  - Pulmonary responses of unilateral positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) on
      experimental fat embolism.
AB  - The role of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) was evaluated in preventing
      the deleterious mechanical respiratory effects of fatty acid pulmonary embolism.
      One group of animals had ventilation without PEEP, while the second group had
      PEEP of 10 cm H2O applied only to the right lung. In the right lung, PEEP
      slightly reduced the blood flow, increased the vascular resistance, but reduced
      intersititial edema and reduced the degree of shunting to almost normal.
      Hypoxemia was prevented in the right pulmonary venous system, but was prominent
      in the left. The hypoxemia and shunting in the left lung were comparable to the
      Group I animals without PEEP to either lung. These studies confirm the value of
      PEEP in the therapy of the pulmonary manifestations of fat embolism which are the
      lethal factors in the fatty embolism syndrome.

PMID- 1093493
TI  - Fifty-two consecutive aortic valve replacements employing local deep hypothermia.
AB  - From August, 1972, to May, 1974, 52 consecutive aortic valves were replaced with
      the Bjork-Shiley tilting-disc prosthesis. The hospital mortality was zero.
      Patients ranged in age from 14 to 77 years, and 19 patients had simultaneous
      correction of associated cardiac lesions. Using techniques of low flow and local
      deep hypothermia, aortic valve replacement can be accomplished with little risk
      even in patients with associated coronary arteriosclerosis. Coronary artery
      perfusion is unnecessary and often hazardous. Follow-up periods vary from one to
      twenty-one months. Forty-nine patients are alive and substantially improved.

PMID- 1093494
TI  - Outbreaks of Serratia marcescens infections in a cardiothoracic surgical
      intensive care unit.
AB  - An outbreak of infections with pigmented Serratia marcescens involving 3 patients
      in a cardiothoracic surgical intensive care unit is reported. A respirator is
      thought to have been the source of pneumonia in 2 patients, and fomite spread
      from 1 of these is considered responsible for the induction of fatal endocarditis
      in the third patient. This outbreak demonstrates the rapid dissemination of a
      bacterial strain within the unit, several methods of dissemination, the wide
      variation in apparent virulence of the organism, the alterations of antibacterial
      host defense which made bacterial disease possible and which determined the site
      of infection, and the difficulties of adequate therapy. The third patient is the
      seventh reported with serratia infection of a prosthetic heart valve.

PMID- 1093495
TI  - Comparative hemodynamic consequences of inflation hold, PEEP, and interrupted
      PEEP: an experimental study in normal dogs.
AB  - Cardiac output and airway, intrathoracic, arterial, pulmonary artery, left
      atrial, and central venous pressures were studied in 8 mongrel dogs. They were
      anesthetized and ventilated with (1) inflation hold of various duration, (2)
      continuous positive end-expiratory pressure and one breath off). The results
      indicate a minimal decrease in cardiac output (of approximately 5 per cent) with
      inflation hold. Diminished cardiac output was noted with increasing levels of
      continuous PEEP. The severity of the decrease in cardiac output wasproportional
      to the airway pressure. The higher levels (20 cm H2O) OF PEEP were associated
      with profound decreases. Utilization of a technique of interrupted PEEP
      substantially reduced the adverse hemodynamic effects in the dog.

PMID- 1093496
TI  - Straight suture plane to avoid periprosthetic leak in aortic valve replacement.
AB  - A suture technique which avoids periprosthetic leakage during replacement of the
      aortic valve is described. Three types of stitch are inserted in a manner that
      causes all needle points to exit in a straight plane. The method was employed in
      106 consecutive patients; of the 99 who survived operation, none have developed
      perivalvular leak.

PMID- 1093497
TI  - Opportunistic endocarditis following open-heart surgery.
AB  - The incidence of endocarditis following open-heart operations is declining, but
      the relative incidence of endocarditis by the opportunistic organisms, both
      bacterial and fungal, has increased. These "opportunists" require careful
      identification and sensitivity testing so that appropriate therapy can be
      planned. In cases of candida endocarditis, a positive precipitin test and
      elevated candida antibody titer may provide an earlier means of diagnosis than
      blood cultures. These patients should be treated promptly with adequate dosages
      of specific antimicrobial or antifungal agents. Reoperation should be considered
      early if there is evidence of valve dehiscence or embolic phenomena or if drug
      therapy fails to control the infection.

PMID- 1093498
TI  - [Comparison of the antiangina pectoris action of 2 coronary vasodilators].
AB  - Twenty four patients were studied: 7 males and 17 females, with an average age of
      56 plus and minus 6.93 years, with a main diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease
      and with an average of at least 7 angina attacks per week. The anti-angina effect
      of 2 drugs, dipridamol and pentaeritritol was compared using the random double
      blind technique on parallel groups which were comparable. Pentaertritol
      administered for 4 weeks reduced, with a statistical significance (P 0.01), the
      average number of angina attacks of the group, as well as with taking
      nitroglicerine tablets. The number of pain free days was increased from 1.5 per
      week to 5.5 in 7 days. The effort capacity of the patients increased (P 0.01),
      and also the degree of elevation of the ST segment during and post effort. The
      changes obtained in these same areas with dipiridamol had no statistical
      significance.

PMID- 1093499
TI  - Sinus node function; evaluation in patients with and without sinus node disease.

PMID- 1093500
TI  - His bundle recording in acquired conduction disease.

PMID- 1093501
TI  - Atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction disease.

PMID- 1093502
TI  - The cardiac conduction system; electrophysiological studies during open heart
      surgery.

PMID- 1093503
TI  - Cyclophosphamide therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Cyclophosphamide in high doses was given for six months to 19 patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis. A second group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis whose
      conditions were stable on low-dose prednisone received in addition either
      cyclophosphamide or placebo for six months. Measurements of joint function and
      joint inflammation were used to estimate disease activity. Joint inflammation
      progressively decreased and joint function improved in the high-dose group. The
      low-dose cyclophosphamide-plus-prednisone group had a similar response that was
      different from the prednisone-plus-placebo group. Cyclophosphamide toxicity was
      common in the high-dose group and minimal in the low-dose-plus-prednisone group.
      Cyclophosphamide therapy improved the arthritis of these patients. The results
      were almost as good in the low-dose-plus-prednisone group, and the toxicity was
      much less.

PMID- 1093504
TI  - Transient bacteremia associated with barium enema.
AB  - A group of 175 patients had barium enema. Pour-plate blood cultures were obtained
      immediately before and after the procedure and 5, 10, 15, and 30 minutes later.
      Bacteremia was demonstrable in 20 (11.4%) patients. In some, blood cultures were
      positive for as long as 15 minutes after barium enema; all were negative at 30
      minutes. Among the bacteria associated with the 20 episodes of bacteremia were
      Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, enterococci, Proteus morganii, Bacteroides, and
      Veillonella. The incidence of bacteremia among patients with ulcerative colitis,
      regional enteritis, rectal polyps, colonic or rectal carcinoma, nonspecific
      diarrhea, or other lower intestinal tract disorders was not much different from
      patients free of rectosigmoid disease. The results of this study suggest that a
      history of recent barium enema may be important in patients who have
      endocarditis.

PMID- 1093505
TI  - Anticoagulants in cerebrovascular disease. A critical review of studies.
AB  - Anticoagulant therapy in the treatment of cerebral thromboembolism remains
      controversial despite 20 years of statistical studies. Among the unresolved
      questions are (1) the relative value of aspirin vs coumarin derivatives for long
      term therapy; (2) the relative benefits of long-term therapy vs short-term
      therapy; (3) the complications of anticoagulant therapy vs their therapeutic
      benefits; and (4) the optimal therapy of the various types of cerebral
      thromboembolic events, eg, transient ischemic attacks, strokes in evolution, and
      completed strokes. Much of this controversy derives from the same problems that
      have plagued the question of anticoagulation for acute myocardial infarction,
      namely that "the existing statistics were obtained without adequate attention to
      fundamental principles of clinical science". We have examined the available
      clinical studies bearing on this issue and are reporting our analysis of these
      studies.

PMID- 1093506
TI  - Methylphenidate and haloperidol in children. Effects on attention, memory, and
      activity.
AB  - Twenty-four hyperactive or unsocialized-aggressive children participated in an
      exploratory double-blind crossover study comparing the cognitive effects of
      methylphenidate hydrochloride (0.3 mg/kg), two doses (0.25 and 0.05 mg/kg) of
      haloperidol, and inert placebo. Each subject received each of four drug
      conditions, drug order being randomized by a Latin square design. At the end of
      each 18-day trial period, attention, immediate recognition memory, reaction
      times, and seat activity were tested. While drug effects were small,
      methylphenidate and, to a lesser extent, the low dose of haloperidol, facilitated
      performance, whereas there was some suggestion that the high dose of haloperidol
      may have caused a slight deterioration in performance. These results are
      contrasted with effects on social behavior where the latter improved behavior. No
      differences attributable to diagnosis were found.

PMID- 1093507
TI  - Marihuana and setting.
AB  - Marihuana or placebo cigarettes were smoked by 12 subjects in two environments,
      one "favorable" and one "neutral". The object was to determine the contribution
      of setting to the effects reported from the drug. Two quantifiable self-report
      measurements, the linear euphoriant scale and the card-sort version of the
      Addiction Research Center Inventory (marihuana and hallucinogen scales), were the
      major reporting criteria. Analyses of variance consistently demonstrated strong
      effects for subjects and drug but not for the environmental conditions. Reports
      of marihuana effects may be assumed to be highly colored by psychological
      differences in the mental set of subjects, or biological variations in their
      responses to the drug. The actual environment in which the drug is taken seems to
      play little, if any, role.

PMID- 1093508
TI  - Synthesis of derivatives of 2-imidazolyl-l-indanol and of 2-imidazolyl-l-tetralol
      with antifungal activity [(author's transl)].

PMID- 1093509
TI  - Etiology and treatment of homosexuality: a review.
AB  - The major causal theories of and treatment approaches to male and female
      homosexuality are critically reviewed. Neither biological, psychoanalytic, nor
      learning and social-learning theories are found to provide convincing evidence
      for the etiology of homosexuality. All of these accounts, however, are viewed as
      providing mixed empirical support for their predictions, with social-learning
      research presenting the most consistent evidence. It is argued that both social
      learning research findings and results from retrospective studies suggest that
      homosexuality may best be linked to the early qualitative learning and
      development of one's gender identity and gender role. Both psychoanalytic therapy
      and behavior therapy are found to have minimal successes and many failures. Most
      therapeutic successes seem to be with bisexuals rather than with exclusive
      homosexuals. The combined use of psychotherapy and specific behavioral techniques
      is seen to offer some promise for heterosexual adaptation with certain kinds of
      patients. However, it is argued that better prospects for intervention in
      homosexuality lie in its prevention through the early identification and
      treatment of the potential homosexual child.

PMID- 1093510
TI  - The relationship between paranoid delusions and homosexuality.
AB  - Freud predicted that paranoid delusions are motivated by unconscious homosexual
      impulses. The research conductedto test this hypothesis has been reviewed and it
      is concluded that the results do not support Freud's position. The results
      indicate anassociation between homosexual concerns and paranoid delusions but not
      in the manner that FREUD PREDICTED. For example, clinical studies indicate
      greater overt and conscious homosexual preoccupation in paranoid psychotics
      compared to nonparanoid psychotics, a finding not predicted by Freud. While
      psychological studies have tended to find more support for the Freudian position,
      several studies have failed to find supporting evidence and others are
      inconsistent in their results.

PMID- 1093512
TI  - The solitary pulmonary nodule. Ten-year follow-up of veterans administration
      armed forces cooperative study.
AB  - Over a five-year span 1,134 patients with asymptomatic solitary pulmonary nodules
      were entered into a cooperative study. Of the 392 lesions found to be primary
      bronchogenic carcinoma, 67 patients were living and under observation ten years
      following operation. In the study, 32% of lesions were primary bronchogenic
      carcinoma, the incidence being 51% in patients above the age of 50 years.
      "Curative" resection was possible in 309 patients (78.9%) with a five-year
      observed survival of 38.5% and a ten-year observed survival of 20.1%. Factors
      that influenced long-term survival were size of lesion, age at operation, and
      interval between the last normal and the first abnormal x-ray film. Histologic
      cell type and extent of resection were not found to influence long-term survival.

PMID- 1093511
TI  - Rectovaginal separation operation after a "cutback" procedure for anorectal
      anomalies.
AB  - The "cutback" procedure has been widely utilized over the 25 years for correction
      of mild forms of ectopic anus encountered in newborn females. As these children
      have become adolescents, some are troubled by the cosmetic appearance created by
      this procedure, recurrent urinary tract infections, and persistent vaginitis from
      continued fecal soiling. The rectovaginal separation procedure described (1)
      separates the rectum from the vagina by interposing adjacent tissues, (2)
      elongates the rectal canal, and (3) utilizes flaps of perineal skin to gain a
      normal degree of separation of the anus from the vagina. Five girls, ages 6 to 15
      years, have undergone this procedure with a temporary loop colostomy to protect
      the perineum during healing. The long-term functional and cosmetic results three
      to seven years later have been excellent in four patients. The fifth girl has
      been observed only five months, but seems to have an excellent cosmetic result.

PMID- 1093513
TI  - Changes in functional residual capacity of the lung after operation.
AB  - Functional residual capacity (FRC) of the lung was measured by the closed-circuit
      helium equilibration method before and for five days after upper abdominal
      operations in 28 patients (25 had cholecystectomies). Measurements in many were
      made with the patient both sitting in bed and sitting in a chair. Vital capacity
      (VC), residual volume (RV), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), as
      well as FRC, all decreased after operation, with the maximum decrease on days 1
      and 2 and a gradual return toward preoperative values by day 5. Patients with 40%
      or less decrease in FRC after operation did not develop pulmonary complications.
      Change in position from bed to chair increased FRC 14.2% preoperatively and 17%
      postoperatively. The use of intermittent positive pressure breathing had no
      measurable effect on FRC. Similar changes in FEV1, VC, and RV also occurred, with
      maximum decreases on day 1.

PMID- 1093514
TI  - Hemorrhage due to diffuse erosive gastritis.
AB  - Of 796 patients admitted with upper gastrointestinal bleeding during a five-year
      period, 156 (20%) had erosive gastritis. Vigorous nonoperative treatment stopped
      bleeding in 117 (75%); emergency operation was required  in 39 (25%). In 24 of
      these 39 patients (group A), subtotal gastric resection with truncal vagotomy was
      performed. In the remaining 15 patients (group B), the operation was limited to
      pyloroplasty, truncal vagotomy, and multiple suture ligation. These patients
      were, on the average, 20 years older than the patients in group A, and 12 had
      life-threatening preoperative problems. (Only four of the group A patients had
      life-threatening preoperative problems.) The operative mortality in group A was
      42%, with rebleeding occurring 33%. In group B, only 17% rebled and the operative
      mortality was 45%. Survival in the two groups was similar, even though those
      patients in group B were more critically ill. The less radical procedure may
      often be the best choice in the high-risk and elderly patients who bleed
      massively and in whom immediate salvage of life is the main issue.

PMID- 1093515
TI  - Dissecting aneurysm of the descending aorta. Improved surgical results in 91
      patients.
AB  - Dissecting aneurysm of the descending thoraic aorta (type iii) is a specific
      disease process whose pathogenesis, pathologic description, surgical treatment,
      and prognosis is different from dissections of the ascending arota (types l and
      ll). From 1964 through 1974, 91 patients underwent surgical correction of type 
      iii dissection. The operative mortality was 21% and late mortality, up to ten
      years follow-up, was 13%. During the past four years, operative mortality has
      dropped to 6.5%. Mortality was determined by extent of the aneurysm and
      underlying cardiac disease. Antihypertensive and negative ionotropic drugs have
      not been used as definitive treatment but as adjuncts in perioperative support.
      Based on our present mortality of 6.5%, with no late mortality, we urge early
      surgical treatment of acute and chronic dissecting aneurysms of the descending
      thoracic aorta before extension, rupture, or massive enlargement of the aneurysm
      occurs.

PMID- 1093516
TI  - The permanent gastrostomy. Use of the gastrointestinal anastomotic stapler.
AB  - A permanent feeding gastrostomy was quickly and simply constructed in 29 patients
      with low operative risk using the gastrointestinal anastomotic stapler. The
      technique consisted of a simple application of this stapler on a carefully
      selected section of the stomach to form a Janeway type of gastrostomy. Activation
      of the device placed two double rows of staples and cut between them. This left
      the mucosa in approximation both in the tube and in the body of the stomach. A
      few additional Lembert sutures was all that was necessary. There were no suture
      line leaks nor other complications peculiar to the method.

PMID- 1093517
TI  - [New findings concerning receptor innervation of the pancreas].

PMID- 1093518
TI  - [Serafim Ivanovich Shchelkunov (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1093519
TI  - [Comparative cytologic and genetic analysis of pancreatic epithelial
      differentiation in several vertebrates following free autotransplantation].

PMID- 1093521
TI  - [Technic for implanatation of a transparent chamber into a skin fold on the back
      of a mouse].

PMID- 1093520
TI  - [Characteristics of a system of macrophages developing on the surface of an
      indifferent foreign body].

PMID- 1093522
TI  - [Quantitative estimation of the lymphatic bed density of film preparations (of
      organ membranes) using the luxometry (photometry) method].
AB  - The essence of the luxmetry technique is that we can make a conclusion of the
      density of lymph capillaries per a unit of the serous or other membrane on the
      basis of the difference in illumination of the microscope field with a cleared
      preparation without injection of lymph vessels and the preparation where the
      lymphatic network is injected with the Gerota's mass absorbing a part of light.
      With the help of the above method of luxmetry we can obtain new data about local
      and developmental changes in the density of lymph capillaries of the abdomen,
      epicardium, submucous basement of the sigmoid colon and skin as well as in some
      functional (pregnancy) and pathological states.

PMID- 1093524
TI  - [Serafim Pavlovich Il'inskii (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 1093523
TI  - Arizona mental health in territorial Days Part III.

PMID- 1093525
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the skin in systemic scleroderma].
AB  - Biopsy specimens of the skin of the back of the forearm and hand in 20 patients
      with systemic scleroderma were studied using histological and electron microscopy
      methods.  There were revealed evidences of intensified neofibrillogenesis,
      changes in collagen structures of the derma (destruction and defects of packing
      of collagenous fibrills, variability of their thickness in a fibre) and in the
      microcirculatory bed.  In 18 out of 20 cases the nuclei of the connective-tissue
      cells and cells of the basal layer of the epidermis contained the so-called
      nuclear bodies, which are considered by a number of authors as an indirect
      evidence of a viral infection.  The process of an intensified neoformation of
      collagen fibrils considerably predominated over destructive processes in collagen
      structures.

PMID- 1093527
TI  - [Anatoliii Kas'ianovich Apatenko].

PMID- 1093526
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of pneumonia in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in
      children].
AB  - A total of 43 section observations on acute respiratory viral diseases in
      children aged between 13 days to 13 years are described.  Using the direct and
      indirect fluorescent antibody test in 11 observations M. pneumoniae antigen was
      detected; in 4 observations this antigen was represented as monoantigen, and in 7
      observations--in association with viruses of influenza, parainfluenza and
      adenovirus.  The characteristic features of mycoplasma pneumoniae were noted;
      very high blood filling of vessels of all calibres with the involvement of the
      system of microcirculation of the lungs, with phenomana of pronounced dilatation
      of the capillary net and with a tendency to thrombo-formation; diffuse lesions
      (dystrophic and inflammatory changes) of large and small bronchi and bronchioles;
      plasmocellular reaction in interstitia of the lungs, perbronchial follicles and
      bifurcated lymphatic nodes; the presence of M. pneumoniae antigen in histological
      sections of the lungs.  The author thinks it advisable to discard the term "M.
      pneumoniae-pneumonia" and replace it by "M. pneumoniae-infection" with
      predominent localization of the process in the lungs.

PMID- 1093528
TI  - Expandable silicone implants for scleral buckling. IV. Experiments with an
      explant for macular breaks.
AB  - A new expandable silicone rubber explant used to indent the sclera at the macula
      was tested experimentally in rabbits. The device consists of a Dacron-reinforced
      silicone rubber strip that has an expandable portion (or balloon) at its midpoint
      connected to a silicone filling tube. The explant was expanded with 0.03 to 0.06
      ml of an antibiotic solution. Smooth, round buckles that exerted even indentation
      were produced. A decrease in height of 20% to 50% was observed
      ophthalmoscopically during six months of follow-up. The degree of buckling can be
      easily controlled during operation and may be modified postoperatively.

PMID- 1093529
TI  - Neuro-ophthalmology.

PMID- 1093530
TI  - Obituary: Hermann M. Burian, MD 1906-1974.

PMID- 1093531
TI  - Malignant lymphoma of the paranasal sinuses.
AB  - Sinus lymphoma is a rare but potentially radiocurable malignant neoplasm. The
      disease is isolated to the sinus and adjacent local tissues on initial
      presentation, and concurrent generalized lymphoma is unusual. With rare
      exception, the histologic pattern is that of a diffuse histiocytic non-Hodgkin
      lymphoma (reticulum cell sarcoma). Radiotherapy to the involved sinuses without
      prophylactic neck irradiation is the treatment of choice, and a survival rate of
      50 percent to 70 percent can be expected.

PMID- 1093532
TI  - Skin and homograft cartilage reconstruction.
AB  - Conservative vertical hemilaryngectomy poses the problem of relating the need to
      remove the tumor completely to the aim of reconstructing an adequate airway lined
      with epithelium. An attempt has has been made in experimental animals to overcome
      this problem using pedicled skin and homograft cartilage. The findings suggest
      that this is a feasible technique, although somewhat hampered by problems unique
      to the animals concerned. The use of skin pedicles provides adequate cover
      without shrinkage, and although it is doubtful whether cartilage can survive
      intact in the long-term, it would seem that it may be adequate for the purposes
      intended.

PMID- 1093533
TI  - Study of the adenovascular body of the posterior part of the nasal septum.
AB  - The mucosa of the posterior part of the nasal septum is studied by in vivo
      observations in 40 seemingly healthy adults, vascular injection of two anatomical
      specimens rendered transparent, histological studies of serial sections of five
      anatomical specimens, and macroscopic and histological examination of specimens
      obtained from 20 cadavers. The presence of an "adenovascular" body was noted in
      the posterior part of the nasal septum; this body occupies about one fifth of the
      total area of this region. This study shows that this is a normal structure of
      the nose and suggests that its name be changed to adenovascular body of the
      posterior part of the nasal septum.

PMID- 1093534
TI  - Blood flow measurements in skin flaps.
AB  - For the last 50 years, the empirical approach of set length to width ratios for
      skin flaps has been held valid. Not until Milton's work in 1971 was this concept
      challenged. This report represents a method where precise, reproducible, and
      quantitative measurements of skin blood flow can be made using four radioactive
      nuclide microspheres and measures the blood flow changes in flaps of differing
      length to width ratios. Conclusions from our data suggest that the cutaneous
      blood flow in ventrally based, abdominal skin flaps in dogs is independent of
      base width as measured immediately after outlining and elevation.

PMID- 1093535
TI  - Hearing loss during resuscitation.
AB  - Tympanic injury secondary to positive pressure mask ventillation is rare. During
      resuscitative procedures, two patients developed partial deafness, one from
      disarticulation of the incudomalleal joint, the other from an oval window
      perilymph fistula. Excessive pressure transmitted rapidly through the eustachian
      tube is postulated to have caused both injuries.

PMID- 1093536
TI  - The pathology of birth control.

PMID- 1093537
TI  - Microorganism-like structures in Hodgkin disease. Electron microscopical
      demonstration.
AB  - Ultrastructural examination of lymph nodes from patients with untreated Hodgkin
      disease showed unique spherical structures that were found extracellularly and
      within vacuoles of reticulum cells, macrophages, mononuclear cells, and
      occasional tumor cells. These spheroids varied in size and internal composition
      possibly in relation to developmental stages, and resembled mycoplasma
      morphologically and in cellular distribution. The spheroids were found
      predominantly in the neoplastic areas in lymph nodes of four out of nine patients
      with Hodgkin disease of the mixed cell variety, but were not seen in other types
      of Hodgkin disease or reticulum cell sarcoma. The structures were much more
      numerous in the lymph nodes from young children with Hodgkin disease. A lymph
      node of one child, disclosed numerous extracellular structures resembling viral
      type C particles in addition to mycoplasma-like spheroids. The results indicate
      that subclinical infections may occur in Hodgkin disease and contribute to the
      histopathologic manifestations of the disease.

PMID- 1093538
TI  - Acute pulmonary alveolitis in narcotics abuse.
AB  - Lungs of 17 narcotic abusers from medical-legal autopsies were studied to
      determine the pathological basis for regional alterations of ventilation and
      perfusion. Postmortem pulmonary angiographic and histological techniques
      demonstrated acute alveolar wall inflammation with exudation of fluid and cells
      into the alveoli in all eight abusers dying of narcotism and in six of nine dying
      of other causes. All abusers had extensive focal chronic intersititial
      inflammatory infiltrates. Vascular obstruction due to foreign material occurred
      only with intravenous use of oral pharmaceuticals, and then only in the
      microcirculation. Lungs of ten young adults dying suddenly with no history or
      evidence of narcotics abuse showed no acute alveolitis or intravascular foreign
      material. Intravenous narcotics injection produces transient acute alveolar
      inflammation that may account for respiratory manifestations and death. Permanent
      injury to the lung parenchyma or larger vessels with the usual forms of narcotic
      abuse is not common.

PMID- 1093539
TI  - Extracellular glomerular microparticles in nephrotic syndrome of heroin users.
AB  - Intracellular and extracellular glomerular microparticles (GMP) have been
      described in diverse human glomerulopathies. We have recently detected
      extracellular GMP in two heroin abusers with nephrotic syndrome. Most of the GMP
      were approximately 100 nm in diameter (range, 56 to 178 nm), and consisted
      ultrastructurally of an electron-dense central core surrounded by a concentric,
      lucent area and an electron-dense limiting membrane. Incomplete forms of GMP and
      residual laminated membranes without a central core were also present. The
      distribution of extracellular GMP was both intramembranous and subepithelial;
      they did not resemble virions morphologically. As these GMP have been observed in
      human glomerulopathies that are etiologically and morphologically varied, they
      probably represent nonspecific markers of glomerular injury. The prevalence of
      GMP in the nephrotic syndrome of heroin abusers awaits cumulative experience.

PMID- 1093540
TI  - The case of The Case of the Midwife Toad.
AB  - The facts concerning Kammerer's case are reviewed.  Koestler's view that
      Krammerer was unjustly accused is presented and shown to be incorrect.

PMID- 1093541
TI  - Enzyme histochemical investigations of human malignant lymphomas.
AB  - 26 cases of malignant lymphomas and 23 other lymphoreticular conditions were
      investigated enzyme histochemically. Each type of malignant lymphoma revealed a
      different enzyme histochemical pattern characteristic of its type. These features
      are not only applicable to differential diagnosis but also suggest clues to the
      understanding of histogenesis and nature of malignant lymphomas.

PMID- 1093542
TI  - Gammacardiographic and ballistocardiographic comparison of indices of central
      haemodynamics and the myocardial contractile functional state in patients with
      coronary heart disease.
AB  - A complex ballistocardiographic and gammacardiographic investigation was carried
      out in 62 patients with coronary heart disease; ballistocardiographic and
      gammacardiographic indices have been compared. We established pathologic
      ballistocardiographic changes, which indicate a disturbance of the myocardial
      contractile function. Considerable changes of central haemodynamics, studied by
      means of gammacardiography, were recorded. There is a relationship between
      ballistocardiographic indices of the myocardial contractile function and
      radiocardiographic indices of central haemodynamics.

PMID- 1093543
TI  - An approach to the sequencing of yeast mannan.

PMID- 1093544
TI  - Binding of transfer RNA to polyamines in preference to Mg-2+.

PMID- 1093545
TI  - Analogs of luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LRF). Synthesis and biological
      activity of ((Nalpha-Me)Leu-7)LRF and (D-Ala-6,(Nalpha-Me)Leu-7)LRF.

PMID- 1093546
TI  - The effect of an ilvA Mu phage insertion on ilv gene expression in Escherichia
      coli K-12.

PMID- 1093547
TI  - Somatostatin inhibition of insulin release from freshly isolated and organ
      cultured rat islets of Langerhans in vitro.

PMID- 1093548
TI  - Formation of aminoacyl-tRNA-guanulul-5'-methylene diphosphonate-elongation factor
      complex.

PMID- 1093549
TI  - Anomeric specificity for the rapid transient efflux of phosphate ions from
      pancreatic islets during secretory stimulation with glucose.

PMID- 1093550
TI  - The binding of thiamine pyrophosphate with transketolase in equilibrium
      conditions.

PMID- 1093551
TI  - Effect of ibuprofen dosage on patient response in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - In a 4-week double-blind trial in 41 patients with rheumatoid arthritis,
      ibuprofen (Motrin) decreased the swollen joint count significantly at a dosage
      level of 2400 mg/day, but not at 1200 mg/day. Ibuprofen probably does have
      antiinflammatory effects in man, but only at higher dosages; antiarthritic
      activity at lower dosages reflects primarily analgesia and perhaps antipyretic
      effects. Complaints and clinical laboratory findings did not differ significantly
      between the dosage groups.

PMID- 1093552
TI  - Letter: The history of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1093553
TI  - ASHA in retrospect. Fiftieth anniversary reflections.

PMID- 1093554
TI  - Accredited programs--Professional Services Board.

PMID- 1093555
TI  - ASHA in retrospect. Fiftieth anniversary reflections.

PMID- 1093556
TI  - Bibliography on tongue thrust.

PMID- 1093557
TI  - Anterior porcelain crowns in general practice. 2. Impression techniques.

PMID- 1093558
TI  - Alexander Ritchie Woods, D.D.S. (Toronto, l.d.s. Ontario).

PMID- 1093559
TI  - Effect of quinidine on maintaining sinus rhythm after conversion of atrial
      fibrillation or flutter. A multicentre study from Stockholm.
AB  - In a controlled study comprising 176 patients, quinidine in the form of Kinidin
      Durules was found to reduced significantly the recurrence of the atrial
      fibrillation during a 1-year follow-up period after successful electric shock
      conversion. After one year, 51 per cent (52/101) of the patients in the quinidine
      group, and 28 per cent (21/75) in the control group remained in sinus rhythm (P
      smaller than 0.001). No less than 43 per cent of the patients converted to sinus
      rhythm during treatment with maintenance doses of quinidine sulphate before
      intended DC conversion. Gastrointestinal side-effects were not uncommon, and
      caused interruption of quinidine treatment in some cases.

PMID- 1093560
TI  - Treatment of primary attacks of genital herpes with co-trimoxazole.

PMID- 1093561
TI  - The use of topical proteolytic enzymes in the treatment of post-thrombotic leg
      ulcers.

PMID- 1093562
TI  - Comparison of a new analgesic floctafenine with pentazocine in the relief of
      postoperative pain.

PMID- 1093563
TI  - Infected throats in children--treatment with clindamycin.

PMID- 1093564
TI  - Recent progress in the study of occupational lung diseases in Romania.
AB  - This paper reviews studies of occupational lung diseases in Romania in the last
      two decades. Work concerned with the effects of exposure to textile fibres,
      irritant gases and fumes in the chemical industry, welding fumes, asbestos,
      cadmium oxide, and the relation between dust exposure, pneumoconiosis, and
      chronic bronchitis is briefly presented.

PMID- 1093565
TI  - People and work: some contemporary issues.
AB  - In advanced industrial societies social, economic, and technological changes are
      accompanied by changing values and attitudes to work, symptomatic of what some
      see as the transition to a post-industrial era. As a result existing job
      definitions and traditional forms of organization are being challenged and
      attempts made to restructure work so that it becomes meaningful and rewarding in
      the fullest sense, to the individual, to the enterprise, and to society. These
      range from programmes of job enlargement and job enrichment, within the framework
      of existing technologies, to experiments in the design of organizations as a
      whole in which fewer constraints are accepted as given. They entail and require a
      multidisciplinary approach as well as awareness of and commitment to the
      underlying values. The possibilities and benefits of restructuring work in these
      various ways have been demonstrated sufficiently to encourage interest at
      governmental level as well as by employers and trade unions. There are, however,
      no simple prescriptions or principles of universal application. Knowledge is
      still tentative and partial but there is consensus that the search for new ways
      of dealing with the organization of work and the allocation of resources is of
      fundamental importance.

PMID- 1093566
TI  - Editorial: Chlamydia, trachoma, genital infection, and psittacosis.

PMID- 1093567
TI  - Cataract surgery performed before 800 B.C.
AB  - The general belief that the technique of cataract extraction in India in the
      Sushruta period (800 B.C.) was couching is no longer tenable. A study of the
      original text suggests that the method was more closely allied to the
      extracapsular extraction of recent times.

PMID- 1093568
TI  - Chemical specificity of pyruvate kinase from yeast.
AB  - Three analogs of phosphoenolpyruvic acid: (Z)-phosphoenol-3-fluoropyruvate, (Z)
      phosphoenol-3-bromopyruvate and (Z)-phosphoenol-alpha-ketobutyrate were found to
      be substrates for yeast pyruvate kinase (ATP: pyruvate (Z)-O-phosphotransferase,
      EC 2.7.1.40)with maximal velocities much greater than those found for rabbit
      muscle pyruvate kinase. The analogs exhibited sigmoidal kinetics, which become
      hyperbolic upon addition of the allosteric effector, fructose 1,6-diphosphate.
      Moreover, the reaction of (Z)-phosphoenol-3-bromopyruvate with ADP to produce
      bromopyruvic acid and ATP irreversibly inhibited the enzyme with a half-life of
      32 min.

PMID- 1093569
TI  - Stimulatory effect of hydrostatic pressure on cell division in cultures of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - [14-C] Thymine incorporation into a trichloracetic acid-insoluble fraction of
      Escherichia coli HMS83 polA1 polB1 and cell division were observed as a function
      of time. The data presented show that hydrostatic pressures of about 600 x 10-5
      N/m-2 stimulate that part of the division process which leads to the separation
      of cells. The kinetics of [14-C] thymine incorporation by this mutant suggest
      that completion of rounds of replication at high pressures is not dependent on
      DNA polymerases I or II or at least on high levels of these enzymes.

PMID- 1093570
TI  - The effect of neomycin and streptomycin on the electrical polarisability of
      aqueous suspensions of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Aqueous suspensions of bacteria scatter light strongly. In addition, the bacteria
      exhibit strong induced dipole moments in an electric field. In this note we
      report how, by measuring the intensity of the scattered light, the electric
      polarisability (alpha) of Escherichia coli could be monitored as small quantities
      of antibiotics were added to the suspensions. The effect of the presence of quite
      small quantities of antibiotic on the electrical polarisability, which gave rise
      to the induced dipole, was dramatic. From the hypothesis that alpha had its
      origins in the bacteria-solvent interface, a theory is presented which adequately
      accounts for both alpha and its changes in the presence of these antibiotics. The
      study is taken to suggest that the antibiotic molecules were adsorbed on to the
      bacterial surface thereby reducing the surface charge. This in turn reduces the
      number of counterions and the apparent induced dipole moment. Because the
      electric-field scattering method is both quick and sensitive to changes in alpha,
      it may prove a valuable method for the study of antibiotic action on  cell and
      microorganism surfaces.

PMID- 1093571
TI  - Application of latex microspheres in the isolation of plasma membranes. Affinity
      density perturbation of erythrocyte membranes.
AB  - Immunolatex spheres, originally developed as visual markers for scanning electron
      microscopy, were employed as membrane density perturbation reagents. Methacrylate
      spheres were bound to antibody molecules and used to label antigens on
      erythrocytes. Ghosts prepared from labeled cells were subjected to isopycnic
      centrifugation on continuous sucrose and dextran gradients. It was found that the
      labeled erythrocyte membranes had a substantially higher density than unlabeled
      membranes. The extent to which the membrane density was shifted on a given
      gradient depended on the number, size and density of the latex spheres and could
      be closely predicted by theory. These results suggest that the reagents and
      techniques described here have potential application for the isolation of plasma
      membranes from more complex cell types.

PMID- 1093573
TI  - Demonstration of cells with igg receptor in human placenta.
AB  - The presence of two types of cells with IgG surface receptors was demonstrated in
      mature and immature human placentas. One type corresponded morphologically to the
      Hofbauer cells and the second to the blood monocytes. Transitional forms between
      monocytes and Hofbauer cells were also observed.

PMID- 1093572
TI  - Energy requirements for the uptake of L-leucine by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - (1) Substrates capable of activating mitochondrial electron transfer and
      oxidative phosphorylation, namely, pyruvate, acetate, propionaldehyde and
      butanol, stimulated the concentrative uptake (transport and accumulation) of L
      [14-C]leucine by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (wild type strain 207, starved cells).
      Under adequate experimental conditions, the L-[14-C]leucine uptake versus the
      oxygen uptake ratio was almost the same with either pyruvate, acetate or D
      glucose as energy sources. Substrate oxidation also increased L-[14-C]leucine
      incorporation into the cell protein. (2) With S. cerevisiae D261 and D247-2 and
      propionaldehyde as an energy source, or with strain 207 and glucose as energy
      source, 2,4-dinitrophenol (50 muM) inhibited L-[14-C]leucine uptake, the
      inhibition being accompanied by stimulation of respiration. With S. cerevisiae
      207 and propionaldehyde as energy source, 2,4-dinitrophenol inhibited both
      respiration and L-[14-C]leucine uptake, but with respiration being less affected
      than uptake. Displacement of accumulated L-[14-C]leucine was also inhibited by
      2,4-dinitrophenol. (3) In the presence of glucose, and for relatively brief
      incubation periods, anaerobically grown cells of S. cerevisiae 207 and of a p
      minus "petite" mutant of this strain incorporated L-[14-C]leucine with less
      efficiency than the original wild type strain 207, grown aerobically. With D
      glucose as energy source, 2,4-dinitrophenol and iodoacetate inhibited alike L-[14
      C]leucine uptake by the respiration competent cells. (4) It is postulated that in
      respiration-competent yeasts, the mitochondrion contributes to 6-[14-C]leucine
      uptake by supplying high-energy compounds required for amino acid transport and
      accumulation. Conversely, the promitochondrion in the anaerobically grown yeast,
      or the modified mitochondrion in the respiratory deficient mutant, competes for
      high energy compounds generated by glycolysis in the cytosol.

PMID- 1093574
TI  - Possible mechanism of E. coli messenger RNA degration: non-enzymatic degradation.
AB  - The present paper points out lack of evidence to support the presently prevailing
      concept that E. coli mRNA turnover, in the gene expression process, cannot take
      place without mRNase(s). The present paper draws attention to possible
      physicochemical factors involved in the degradation, and advances a notion of non
      enzymatic spontaneous degradation of E. coli mRNA in its expression process. This
      suggested hypothesis helps to explain hitherto reported findings on the mode of
      E. coli mRNA degradation.

PMID- 1093575
TI  - [Isolation and characteristics of high-frequency genetic donors of a strain of E.
      coli being serologically typed].

PMID- 1093576
TI  - [Obesity in rats following isolation of the ventro-medial hypothalamus].

PMID- 1093577
TI  - [The effect of substnaces altering gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolism on the
      recovery cycle of the interzonal response of the cat motor cortex].

PMID- 1093578
TI  - [Stimulation of influenza antibody formation following immunization with the use
      of ascitic tumor].

PMID- 1093580
TI  - The migraine tradition.

PMID- 1093579
TI  - [Quantitative behavior of immunoglobulins in Hodgkin patients following
      splenectomy].
AB  - The values of immunoglobulins in 14 patients with malignant lymphoma were
      determined before and 1 to 44 weeks following splenectomy. The IgM-fraction
      showed a significant decrease in all cases, whereas the IgG- and IgA-fraction
      showed no change in its concentrations. The reason for the IgM-decrease is
      probably due to the absence of IgM-producing cells in the spleen.

PMID- 1093582
TI  - Physicians in pre-revolutionary Russia: professionals or servants of the state?

PMID- 1093581
TI  - Voluntarism on trial: St. Louis' response to the cholera epidemic of 1849.

PMID- 1093583
TI  - The compleat housewife.

PMID- 1093584
TI  - "Measure of civilization": the hospital thought of Jacques Tension on the eve of
      the French Revolution.

PMID- 1093585
TI  - An early discussion of medicinal degrees at Montpellier by Henry of Winchester.

PMID- 1093586
TI  - The roots of the vitalism of Xavier Bichat.

PMID- 1093587
TI  - Insanity as the loss of self: the moral insanity controversy revisited.

PMID- 1093588
TI  - Impact of independence and nationalism on tropical medicine.

PMID- 1093589
TI  - History of intrauterine devices.

PMID- 1093590
TI  - The unconscious of the 19th century psychologic physician.

PMID- 1093591
TI  - Brazil's lon g fight against epidemic disease, 1849-1917, with special emphasis
      on yellow fever.

PMID- 1093592
TI  - Why continuing medical education?

PMID- 1093593
TI  - Governmental and societal pressures for programs of continuing medical education.

PMID- 1093594
TI  - Toward a continuum in medical education.

PMID- 1093595
TI  - Continuing medical education in the community hospital.

PMID- 1093596
TI  - Medical numismatic notes, XVIII: portraits of physicians on british trade tokens.

PMID- 1093597
TI  - Release of prostaglandins and incapacitation after injection of endotoxin in the
      knee joint of the dog.

PMID- 1093598
TI  - The protective effect of sodium meclofenamate in experimental endotoxin shock.

PMID- 1093600
TI  - The radiological diagnosis of adrenal tumours.
AB  - The radiological diagnosis of adrenal tumours is reviewed with special reference
      to the literature and the author's personal experience. The clinical presentation
      varies widely with the different pathology and radiological investigation is
      decided largely by clinical assessment. The various methods of investigation are
      related to the individual problems with special reference to arteriography and
      phlebography. Thirteen cases of Conn's tumour have been diagnosed by adrenal
      phlebography and 18 cases of phaeochromocytoma have been investigated by
      arteriography. These cases are reviewed in detail.

PMID- 1093599
TI  - The contribution of virology to contemporary medicine.

PMID- 1093601
TI  - Continuous perfusion of human cadaveric kidneys for transplantation.
AB  - 63 cadaveric kidneys have been preserved for up to 36 hours by continuous
      perfusion on a Gambro machine 52 kidneys were transplanted: 13 (25%) functioned
      immediately, 23 (44%) functioned after 2 to 28 days, and 16 (31%) failed to
      function. 11 kidneys with poor perfusion flow characteristics were discarded. Of
      30 kidneys followed for more than 18 months, graft survival was 50%. Analysis of
      warm and cold ischaemia data, of perfusion flow rates and biochemical studies,
      and comparison of function of 18 pairs of kidneys only one of which was
      continuously perfused, suggests that this method of preservation effectively
      extends the preservation time to 36 hours, but does not improve the immediate
      function and non-function rates, and does not provide an accurate assessment of
      viability.

PMID- 1093602
TI  - The technique and results of one-stages island patch urethroplasty.
AB  - 27 one-stage island patch urethroplasties have been performed with the longest
      follow-up of 3 years. The method seems to have most of the advantages of standard
      2-stages scrotal flap urethroplasty, and is suited to all but the most difficult
      and complicated strictures at any site in the urethra.

PMID- 1093603
TI  - A controlled clinical trial of three different methods of perineal wound
      management following excision of the rectum.
AB  - Three methods of perineal wound closure were studied in a randomized prospective
      clinical trial in 106 patients undergoing excision of the rectum for inflammatory
      or malignant disease. In method 2 the perineal wound was managed by open
      drainage. In both methods 2 and 3 the perineal wound was closed by primary
      suture, suprapubic suction drains being left down to the presacral space, but in
      method 2 the pelvic peritoneal floor was reconstituted, whilst in method 3 it was
      left unsutured. Topical and systemic antibiotics were administered to all
      patients submitted to primary closure of the perineal wound but not routinely to
      those whose perineal wound was left open. The overall operative mortality was 8-5
      per cent but no deaths could be definitely attributed to perineal wound
      complications. The incidence of primary wound healing after methods 2 and 3 was
      45-2 and 42-9 per cent respectively. Operative contamination of the perineal
      wound had an adverse effect on perineal wound healing. The incidence of
      persistent wound sinuses and unhealed wounds at 3 and 6 months after primary
      wound closure was rather less than that encountered after open drainage. It was
      concluded that primary closure of the perineal wound is the treatment of choice
      following excision of the rectum, except in cases in which contamination of the
      perineal wound has occurred during operation or the final state of haemostasis in
      the pelvis with diathermy and suture at the conclusion of the dissection was
      deemed to be unsatisfactory.

PMID- 1093604
TI  - Povidone-iodine for the control of surgical wound infection: a controlled
      clinical trial against topical cephaloridine.
AB  - One hundred and ninety-two operation wounds ina general surgical practice were
      randomly allocated to receive either topical cephaloridine or a providone-iodine
      spray, and the rate of wound sepsis was studied. In all types of operation
      cephaloridine proved superior to providone-iodine as a prophylactic, the
      difference reaching a significant level in potentially contaminated wounds.

PMID- 1093605
TI  - Raised serum prolactin levels in amenorrhoea.
AB  - Serum prolactin levels measured by specific radio-immunoassay were over 30 mug/l
      in seven out of 25 women with amenorrhoea and in eight women with the amenorrhoe
      galactorrhoea syndrome. There was no apparent relationship between these levels
      and levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormones, and thyroid
      stimulating hormone. Bromocriptine caused a transient fall in the proclatin
      levels in six out of seven cases, and in three menstruation and ovulation were
      restored. Estimation of serum prolactin may become important in assessing the
      degree of hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction in amenorrhoea, and it may help in
      identifying a subgroup of patients at risk of developing a pituitary tumour or
      patients who may respond to specific treatment.

PMID- 1093606
TI  - Dr. Ward's Case.

PMID- 1093607
TI  - H.L. Shepherd.

PMID- 1093608
TI  - Editorial: Lymphocyte subpopulations in chronic inflammatory diseases.

PMID- 1093609
TI  - Falciparum malaria semi-resistant to clindamycin.
AB  - Clindamycin, a semi-synthetic antibiotic of the lincomycin family, at a dose of
      450 mg eight-hourly for three days in adults cured five out of 10 patients
      moderately ill with chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria. Combination therapy
      with full-dose quinine and clindamycin for three days cured all four patients so
      treated who were followed up, and with half dosage three out of five patients
      were cured. Both combinations, however, caused upper gastrointestinal toxicity
      and appeared to potentiate both toxicity and possibly antimalarial efficacy.
      Colitis due to clindamycin was not observed. Sequential therapy was not toxic and
      could be useful in patients who have relapsed after more conventional treatment.

PMID- 1093611
TI  - Obituary notices.

PMID- 1093610
TI  - Falciparum malaria cured by quinine followed by sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.
AB  - Quinine (at least four doses given at intervals of eight to 12 hours) followed by
      a single dose of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (Fansidar) is the most effective
      treatment of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria. This regimen cured 96% of
      patients (302 out of 314) with an average initial parasite count of 90 X 10-9/1.

PMID- 1093612
TI  - Editorial: Hormone patterns in anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 1093614
TI  - B.B. Sharp M.D., M.R.C.P., D.P.M.

PMID- 1093613
TI  - Simplified computer-aided diagnosis of acute abdominal pain.
AB  - A simplified version of a system for computer-aided diagnosis of acute abdominal
      pain has been tested by "new" personnel unfamiliar with the previous system.
      After a two-month learning period the system proved more accurate in its
      diagnoses than the unaided clinician, and during the first five months of using
      the system the unaided clinicians' accuracy rose from 73% to 84%. When computer
      "feedback" was withdrawn the clinicians' diagnostic accuracy reverted towards the
      previous, "unaided" level. These findings further validate the concept of the
      computer as a potentially valuable diagnostic aid but indicate that a training
      period and computer feedback are important factors in its 4 use.

PMID- 1093615
TI  - W. Phillips LL.D., B.SC., M.D., F.R.C.P.

PMID- 1093616
TI  - W. N. Goldsmith.

PMID- 1093617
TI  - M. D. W. Low.

PMID- 1093618
TI  - Renal carcinoma in a cadaver kidney graft donor.

PMID- 1093619
TI  - John Coakley Lettsom.

PMID- 1093620
TI  - Letter: Treatment of falciparum malaria.

PMID- 1093621
TI  - Letter: Hormone patterns in anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 1093622
TI  - W. J. Hamilton.

PMID- 1093623
TI  - R. Howarth.

PMID- 1093624
TI  - Editorial: a final curtain.

PMID- 1093625
TI  - Editorial: bladder stone.

PMID- 1093626
TI  - Treatment of hypertriglyceridaemia after renal transplantation.

PMID- 1093627
TI  - A. Feiling B.A., M.D., F.R.C.P.

PMID- 1093628
TI  - W.R.F. Collis M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.P.I., D.P.H.

PMID- 1093629
TI  - Letter: Non-invasive investigations of the brain.

PMID- 1093630
TI  - Joan K. Rose.

PMID- 1093631
TI  - Sir Neil Cantlie K.C.B., K.B.E., M.C., CH.B., F.R.C.S., late R.A.M.C. (ret).

PMID- 1093632
TI  - Clinical applications of an automatic data handling system for sexually
      transmitted diseases.
AB  - An automatic data handling system for the storage and evaluation of data from
      investigations on sexually-transmitted diseases has been developed. Among the
      clinical applications are epidemiological investigations, evaluation of
      diagnostic procedures, and evaluation of treatment regimens. One of the main
      features of the system is its flexibility, which allows the inclusion of an
      unlimited number of further evaluation programs. After a running-in period of
      about 3 years, during which time a number of changes were found to be necessary,
      the method has been found to satisfy medical and data processing requirements.

PMID- 1093633
TI  - Miconazole nitrate compared with chlordantoin in the treatment of vaginal
      candidiasis.
AB  - In a double-blind study of the treatment of vaginal candidiasis, miconazole
      nitrate gave a cure-rate of 88 per cent. (29 out of 33) compared with 58 per
      cent. (21 out of 36) using chlordantoin. Although approximately two-thirds of the
      patients who responded did so to a 10-day course of treatment, the different
      rates of cure with these preparations at this stage were not statistically
      significant. However, when a second course of treatment was given to those women
      who still had proven candidiasis, the overall cure-rate with miconazole was
      significantly greater than that with chlordantoin.

PMID- 1093634
TI  - Comparison of the treatment of herpes genitalis in men with proflavine
      photoinactivation, idoxuridine ointment, and normal saline.
AB  - 36 male patients with genital infection by HSV confirmed by culture were each
      allocated to one of three treatment groups: (1) Proflavine photoinactivation, (2)
      0.5 per cent. idoxuridine ointment (IDU), (3) Normal saline. They were assessed
      objectively at each attendance by measurement of the lesions with an operating
      microscope fitted with a measuring grid in one eyepiece. Material for culture for
      HSV was taken at each visit; the presence of symptoms (pain, discomfort, and
      irritation) was noted. The areas of lesions in the proflavine photoinactivation
      group remained larger significantly longer than in the other groups, the healing
      time was slower, and HSV could be isolated for longer. It is concluded that
      proflavine photoinactivation is of no greater value than 0.5 per cent. IDU or
      normal saline in the treatment of genital infection by HSV in the male.

PMID- 1093635
TI  - Letter: Screening for treponemal infection.

PMID- 1093636
TI  - Clinical value of the Treponema pallidum haemagglutination test.
AB  - In 1,129 patients attending the Department for Sexually Transmitted Diseases, the
      serum was examined by three screening tests (VDRL slide, RPCF, and TPHA) and
      twelve cases of syphilis (1 per cent. of patients attenting the clinic) were
      discovered. Six of these patients were considered to have latent syphilis (5
      acquired, 1 congenital) and were detected only by the TPHA; all six cases were
      confirmed by the FTA-ABS, The TPHA failed to detect three of the remaining six
      cases (2 primary and 1 very early, the latter in a contact of a patient with
      primary syphilis). All six cases were, however, detected by the VDRL. In seven
      cases, the TPHA was positive in the absence of other evidence of present or
      previous syphilis. In these cases the FTA-ABS was also negative. The clinical
      application of the TPHA test in the detection of syphilis is discussed.

PMID- 1093637
TI  - Single-dose treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in males with minocycline.
AB  - Minocycline in a single 300 mg. oral dose was given to 103 men with uncomplicated
      gonorrhoea, of whom 85 were followed-up for at least 2 weeks. The cure rate in
      the 85 followed was 94.1 per cent. There were no side-effects. Thus minocycline
      could be considered as an effective and safe alternative to penicillin in the
      single-dose treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in the male, but at the moment
      it is too expensive for routine use.

PMID- 1093638
TI  - Comparison of oral ampicillin and doxycycline in the treatment of uncomplicated
      gonorrhoea.
AB  - An account is given of a computer-processed 1-year study comprising 1,124
      patients (625 males and 499 females) with uncomplicated gonorrhoea. Alternate
      patients were treated with either two oral doses of 1 g. ampicillin 5 hours
      apart, or 0.3 g. doxycycline in a single oral dose. Ampicillin remained as
      efficacious as in 1968 to 1970, in both males and females, in whom the failure
      rates were 1.1 and 1 per cent. respectively. After doxycycline the failure rate
      was 8.1 per cent. in males, 5.7 per cent. in females, and 7.1 per cent. overall.
      Ampicillin was significantly better than doxycycline in the treatment of men (P
      less than 0.001) as well as of women (0.05 greater than P greater than 0.01).
      89.7 per cent. (29/29) of the relapses in doxycycline-treated patients occurred
      in those harbouring strains sensitive to tetracycline. Sensitivity to doxycycline
      followed the pattern of tetracycline sensitivity. Thus sensitivity tests with
      these antibiotics provided no practical aid to therapy. The high incidence of
      nausea and vomiting in patients treated with doxycycline (12 per cent.) makes it
      inadvisable to increase the dose; instead, multiple doses are necessary to obtain
      satisfactory results. There were very few adverse reactions to ampicillin; a rash
      occurred in only three patients (0.5 per cent.). In the group treated with
      doxycycline, 31.5 per cent. of the patients infected by streptomycin-resistant
      strains relapsed compared with only 1.8 per cent. of patients infected by
      streptomycin-sensitive strains. This difference is highly significant (P less
      than 0.001). Thus the sensitivity of gonococcal strains to streptomycin in vitro
      may serve as a valuable guide to the likely outcome of treatment with
      tetracyclines.

PMID- 1093639
TI  - Studies on the control of coliform mastitis in dairy cows.

PMID- 1093640
TI  - Studies of neonatal calf diarrhoea. I. Fluid balance in spontaneous enteric
      colibacillosis.

PMID- 1093641
TI  - Fimbria input to the nucleus accumbens septi.

PMID- 1093642
TI  - The sources and intracerebral distribution of auditory evoked potentials in the
      alert rhesus monkey.
AB  - Average auditory evoked potentials (AEP) to click stimuli were recorded from
      chronically implanted electrodes in alert rhesus monkeys. The cortical sources of
      each AEP component were identified on the basis of transcortical polarity
      inversions. The active loci were limited to the supratemporal plane (STP) and to
      a region within precentral motor cortex. Small and inconstant responses were
      generated in the lateral superior temporal gyrus and no locally generated
      activity was detected in frontal granular cortex. The responses from STP were
      complex, with early components generated mainly within auditory koniocortex and
      later components in surrounding regions. Each of these components was volume
      conducted widely, both above and below the STP, and they projected onto various
      regions of dorsolateral surface cort(x. The volume-conducted potentials from the
      STP summed with the potentials generated in motor cortex to produce a complex
      resultant waveform. Barbiturate anesthesia abolished all but the primary AEP and
      reduced the volume-conducted projection of this response at the cortical surface.
      The configuration and intracranial distribution of the monkey AEP were compared
      to human intracerebral and scalp AEP recordings.

PMID- 1093643
TI  - In vivo uptake of antibody to dopamine-beta-hydroxylase into sympathetic
      elements.

PMID- 1093644
TI  - Comparison of the immunosuppressive action of antilymphocytic sera directed
      against normal and sensitized lymphocytes.

PMID- 1093645
TI  - Immunotherapy in cancer of the larynx - an overview.

PMID- 1093646
TI  - Use of oral and intraperitoneal BCG in the treatment of malignant melanoma and
      adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 1093647
TI  - Prophylactic chemotherapy with low-dosage trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole following
      acute urinary tract infections in children.
AB  - The cases of 10 children with acute and recurrent infection of the urinary tract
      are presented. Their ages were between 7 weeks and 9 years. Five of the children
      had been previously treated with a combination of sulfisoxazole, ampicillin,
      mandelamine and nitrofurantion and four of these children had "breakthrough"
      infections. When trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was administered twice weekly no
      further infections were noted in four of these five patients. The second group of
      five children were started on trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole from the start of
      their infection and treatment was continued twice weekly for 5 to 7 months. No
      recurrence of infection of the urine has been detected up to the present time. It
      is concluded that treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole initiated at the
      outset of urinary tract infection and twice weekly is a valuable drug in
      children, provided the organism responsible for the infection is sensitive to
      this agent.

PMID- 1093648
TI  - Comparison of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with sulfamethoxazole in urinary
      tract infections of children.
AB  - The effect of trimethorpim-sulfamethoxazole was compared with that of
      sulfamethoxazole alone in 26 children with urinary tract infection, randomly
      assigned according to a double-blind procedure to two equally sized groups. TMX
      SMX was found to be superior in rendering the urine culture negative for the 3
      months after the start of treatment. Also, over 12-month follow-up period there
      were fewer recurrences in the patients who received TMP-SMX but here the
      difference between the two groups did not reach statistical significance.

PMID- 1093649
TI  - Trimethorpim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of chronic prostatitis.
AB  - Chronic prostatis is a common condition for which evidence of bacterial etiology
      is often lacking, possibly because of difficulty in obtaining secretion from the
      diseased portion of the gland. Aids to diagnosis apart from bacteriologic studies
      are of little value. It has been shown that trimethoprim reaches high levels in
      the prostatic fluid and when combined with sulfamethoxazole provides a highly
      effective antibacterial agent. In a survey of 40 patients with chronic
      prostatitis treated with TMP-SMX the usefulness of the combination was
      demonstrated.

PMID- 1093650
TI  - Treatment of salmonella carriers with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
AB  - One hundred and two patients with salmonellosis were observed, as either acute
      cases or asymptomatic carriers, over a span of 6 years. Twenty-eight patients
      were treated with antibiotics only or received no treatment; those in the treated
      group became negative for the infecting organisms after a mean time of 160 days,
      as compared with a mean of 52.4 days for those who were not treated. Seventy-four
      other patients were treated with frimthoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) as the
      sole medication or after prior antibiotic therapy. Sixty of these patients
      (81.1%) were free from Salmonella in the mean time of 19.2 days, whereas 14
      failed to respond and the condition cleared spontaneously in a mean time of 134.9
      days. The poor response to treatment with TMP-SMX by children 2 years of age and
      younger is noted. The beneficial effects of treatment with TMP-SMX, as compared
      with antibiotics or no treatment at all, are examined in the light of the need to
      protect the public from this potentially dangerous infection.

PMID- 1093651
TI  - Treatment of gonorrhea in the male with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole using a one
      or two-dose regimen.
AB  - One hundred and eighty-four male patients with uncomplicated gonorrhea were
      treated in a randomized double-blind trial using two drug regimens. The
      combinations used were co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim, 80 mg and sulfamethoxazole,
      400 mg) and TMP-SDZ (sulfadiazine, 400 mg and trimethoprim, 80 mg). In 43
      patients who received eight tablets of co-trimoxazole in a single dose the cure
      rate was 88%. In the 46 patients who received a second dose of eight tablets 24
      hours later the cure rate was 100%. When TMP-SDZ was used according to the same
      schedule the respective cure rates were 85% (41 patients) and 86% (35 patients).
      It is suggested that the two-dose regimen with co-trimoxazole is very effective
      in the treatment of uncomplicated urethral gonorrhea in the male and that the
      single-dose regimen, although less effective, may well prove adequate in patients
      defaulting after the initial treatment. At the present time, and with our local
      conditions, this form of treatment should be reserved for patients sensitive to
      penicillin or whose infections are resistant to this agent. The attack rate for
      patients having an episode of gonorrhea in the 12-month period immediately
      preceding the trial bore a direct relation to the outcome of therapy. It was
      highest (26%) in the group with an unsatisfactory outcome and lowest(4.3%) in the
      group with the highest cure rate. No adverse toxic reactions to the drug were
      recorded.

PMID- 1093652
TI  - Trimethoprim-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in urinary tract infection.
AB  - The incidence of trimethoprim-resistant Enterobacteriaceae has not increased
      since the introduction of the combination trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)
      into the clinical use at our centre in 1973. Using the minimum inhibitory
      concentration (MIC) as the index of trimethoprim resistance, this ranged from 1.6
      to 800 mug/ml; for the majority of isolates it lay between 1.6 and 12.5 mug/ml.
      About half of these trimethoprim-resistant organisms were sensitive to
      sulfonamide. In vitro data suggest that organisms resistant to sulfonamide as
      well as to trimethoprim, where the MIC for the former drug is 3.1 mug/ml or less,
      will be susceptible to the combination. More resistant organisms, i.e., those for
      which the MIC of trimethoprim is 6.2 mug/ml or more, often appear quite resistent
      to the combination. There is no evidence that previous therapy with TMP-SMX is a
      significant predisposing factor to infection with these organisms, although there
      is a significant correlation between previous TMP-SMX therapy and infection with
      organisms with a high level of trimethoprim resistance. Organisms harbouring R
      factor resistance or thymine-dependent mutants were not encountered during the
      course of this study.

PMID- 1093653
TI  - In vitro sensitivity of hemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pyogenes to co
      trimoxazole.
AB  - The invitro testing of Hemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pyogenes for co
      trimoxazole sensitivity requires certain "defined" media that have to be free of
      inhibitory substances. The use of Columbia agar base with Fildes extract for H.
      influenzae or of blood agar for S. pyogenes may produce "false-resistant"
      strains. The addition of thymidine phosphorylases in the form of gentlylysed
      horse blood (2 to 10%) does not remove all inhibitors in those tests, especially
      where "undefined" agar bases are used, and results in scanty growth of H.
      influenzae; the addition of more than 2% results in dark plates, making reading
      of sensitivities difficult. Fildes agar for testing H. influenzae may be made
      with enriched sheep or horse blood if the proper "defined" agar base is used. The
      use of Wellcotest or DST (Oxoid) agar is recommended with Fildes extract for H.
      influenzae or with blood for S. pyogenes for in vitro testing for co-trimoxazole
      sensitivity. The addition of thymidine phosphorylase in the form of 2% lysed
      horse blood does not interfere with reading. However, it results in scanty growth
      of H. influenzae. Proper inoculation of plates is important. The growth on the
      plates should be light, dense, but not confluent. Heavy growth may render some
      strains "false-resistant" even when defined media are used. Our results indicate
      that many of the previously reported resistant strains of H. influenzae and S.
      pyogenes may have been "false-resistant" because of the use of "undefined" media.
      We believe that, in view of our results, respiratory infections may be treated
      with co-trimoxazole until bacteriologic studies prove that this treatment is
      contraindicated, since H. influenzae and S. pyogenes are usually found sensitive
      in vitro under proper conditions.

PMID- 1093655
TI  - Comparison of ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the short-term
      treatment of urinary tract infection.
AB  - Two groups, each of 20 patients, with urinary tract infection were randomly
      chosen and treated according to a double-blind procedure with either ampicillin,
      500 mg, or trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole, either drug being given 4 times daily
      for 10 days. A number of features of the infections were studied: the occurrence
      of single or multiple attacks, the presence or absence of complications whether
      the lower or upper urinary tract was affected, favourably with ampicillin in
      sterilizing the urine of patients and the bacteria involved. Trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole was found to compare with multiple and complicated urinary tract
      infections during a follow-up period of 3 months.

PMID- 1093654
TI  - Synergy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

PMID- 1093656
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in children.
AB  - The present report extends experience with the use of trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) in children aged 3 months to 10 years. The regimen was
      TMP (200 mg)--SMX (1000 mg)/m-2d given in two equal doses. The drug was easily
      administered, well tolerated and efficacious in the treatment of a variety of
      infections in 12 children. A steady state had been achieved by the third dose of
      medication and accumulation of either component during days 1 through 4 did not
      occur. Serum concentrations of TMP were slightly lower in children aged less than
      3 years compared with those aged 3 to 6 years but the differences were small and
      these results are preliminary. Peak mean serum TMP concentration was highest at
      day 3 when it reached 1.63 mug/ml. It is concluded that this regimen may be
      suboptimal for some major parenchymal infections even though the therapeutic
      result was excellent in most children.

PMID- 1093657
TI  - Comparative efficacy of ampicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in otitis
      media.
AB  - Seventy-nine children with acute otitis media were the subjects in a study
      designed to compare the effectiveness of ampicillin and trimethoprim
      sulfamethoxazole in this infection. They received either of these two agents
      according to a double-blind randomized procedure that also took the child's
      weight into account. No significant difference was found in the clinical outcome
      between the two treatment regimens. Undesirable side effects from TMP-SMX were
      notably few.

PMID- 1093658
TI  - A comparison of trimethorprim-sulfamethoxazole with sulfamethoxazole alone in
      infections localized to the kidneys.
AB  - Ninety patients with urinary tract infections were treated in a randomized double
      blind study with either a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP
      SMX) or sulfamethoxazole alone (SMX). Thirty of 42 patients treated with TMP-SMX
      were cured by the time of follow-up compared with 26 of 48 treated with SMX
      alone. Of the 29 patients infected with SMX-resistent organisms, the combination
      TMP-SMX cured 12 of 17, whereas SMX alone cured 2 of 12. Of the 61 patients
      infected with SMX-sensitive organisms, TMP-SMX cured 18 of 25; SMX alone cured 24
      of 36. In 50 women the infection was found localized to The upper urinary tract
      by the use of the Fairley bladder washout technique. TMPsmx cured 16 or 24 of
      these patients with proved upper tract infections and SMX alone cured 11 of 26.
      Although none of these differences were significant, TMP-SMX appears to be an
      effective drug combination for the therapy of proved upper tract infection and is
      also effective in eradicating sulfonamide-resistant organisms.

PMID- 1093659
TI  - Hepatitis B antigen (HBAg) infection in a hemodialysis unit. I. HL-A8 and immune
      response to HBAg.
AB  - A total of 28 hemodialysis patients and 23 healthy individuals working in close
      association with the patients or their blood samples were found to possess either
      HBAg (22) or anti-HBAg (29). HL-A typing revealed the lack of HL-AB in the group
      with anti-HBAg, suggesting that the immune response to HBAg may be negatively
      associated with HL-AB.

PMID- 1093660
TI  - A modified immunofluorescent antibody technique for the serodiagnosis of human
      toxocaral Larva migrans.

PMID- 1093661
TI  - A short review and some observations on Johne's disease with recommendations for
      control.

PMID- 1093662
TI  - Evaluation of methods for control of Streptococcus agalactiae in dairy herds.

PMID- 1093663
TI  - The use of prostaglandins in reproduction.

PMID- 1093664
TI  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation and consumption coagulopathy.

PMID- 1093665
TI  - Immunotherapy of prostatic carcinoma with bacillus Calmette-Guerin.
AB  - Seventeen patients with histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate were
      selected for evaluation of their immunologic competence and therapy with bacillus
      Calmette-Guerin (BCG). All patients were in stage D. The immune response was
      explored in two main aspects: cell-mediated and humoral immunity. Delayed skin
      hypersensitivity reaction with purified protein derivative (PPD), streptokinase
      streptodornase (varidase), Candida, mumps antigen, and Trichophyton were tested.
      Lymphocyte reactivity was measured by in vitro blastogenesis. Serum
      immunoglobulin levels and serum protein electrophoresis were also measured. The
      patients were then divided in two groups according to the skin test response to
      PPD. Group 1 (PPD-positive) consisted of seven patients. Group 2 (PPD-negative)
      consisted of ten patients. In group 1, two patients were treated with
      intraprostatic injection of BCG every week in the following doses: 1 cc the first
      week, 2 cc the second week, 4 cc the third week, and 6 cc the fourth week. The
      five remaining patients in this group received only 1 cc every week for 4 weeks.
      The group 2 patients (PPD-negative) were stimulated by oral intake of BCG in an
      attempt to convert their skin tests to positive. All patients revealed varying
      degrees of immunodepression. None of the patients in group 2 (stimulated by oral
      intake of BCG) converted to positive skin tests. Three patients in group 1
      treated with BCG showed necrosis of the tumor. The different aspects of
      immunodepression in this disease are analyzed and correlated to the clinical
      staging, histologic grading, and response to therapy. The mechanism of BCG action
      in advanced prostatic carcinoma is discussed.

PMID- 1093666
TI  - Comparison of adriamycin (NSC-123127) and the combination of 5-fluorouracil (NSC
      19893) and cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) in advanced prostatic cancer: a
      preliminary report.
AB  - A preliminary report on chemotherapy for advanced prostate malignancy is
      presented. Nine patients have been entered in the study, of which eight are
      evaluable for tumor response. Of four patients initially treated with adriamycin,
      only one brief (5-week) objective response was noted in a patient with soft
      tissue disease. No responses have been seen in four patients treated with the
      combination of 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide. No responses have been noted
      in five patients who failed initial treatment and were crossed over to the other
      treatment. Durg toxicity has been quite acceptable.

PMID- 1093667
TI  - Clinical trial of 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (NSC-169774) in human prostatic
      cancer.
AB  - An EORTC type I clinical trial of 2-bromo-alpha ergocryptine was performed in
      patients with prostatic carcinoma in clinical stages III and IV. Evaluating rules
      of response to the therapy were based on objective criteria. The maximum period
      of followup was 16 weeks. No objective remissions were observed in 24 patients,
      and in 13 of these patients, evidence of progression of the disease was apparent
      during the first 8 weeks of drug administration.

PMID- 1093668
TI  - Comparison of adriamycin (NSC-123127) and 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893) in advanced
      prostatic cancer.

PMID- 1093669
TI  - Oral estramustine phosphate (NSC-89199) in the treatment of advanced (stage D)
      carcinoma of the prostate.
AB  - Thirty-two patients with stage D carcinoma of the prostate were treated with oral
      estramustine phosphate at a dose of 15 mg/kg/day from 3 to 15 months. Objective
      remissions, reduction of greater than 50 percent of measurable lesions such as
      soft tissue masses, lymph nodes, and prostatic masses, were seen in seven of 32
      patients (22 percent response rate). Subjective response, ie, relief of pain,
      weight gain, sense of well being, snd improved performance status, occurred in
      all objective responders and in seven other patients with stable disease (15 of
      32 patients = 47 percent). No hematologic, hepatic, or renal toxic effects were
      observed. Transient nausea occurred early in one half of the patients and nausea
      and vomiting was dose limiting in only two patients. Oral estramustine phosphate
      is well tolerated and worthy of further clinical use.

PMID- 1093670
TI  - The Veterans' Administration Cooperative Urological Research Group studies of
      carcinoma of the prostate: a review.
AB  - The Veterans' Administration Cooperative Urological Research Group has conducted
      three consecutive randomized clinical trials of various treatments for all stages
      of prostatic carcinoma. Thus far, a total of 3774 patients have been entered into
      these three main studies. The first study showed that early endocrine treatment
      of patients with advanced prostatic cancer did not increase overall survival when
      compared to initial treatment with placebo alone. Diethylstilbestrol, when given
      in a dose of 5.0 mg/day, was associated with an increased incidence of
      cardiovascular deaths. In the second study, diethylstilbestrol given in a dose of
      1.0 mg/day has been as effective as the 5.0-mg dose in controlling the prostatic
      carcinoma but has been associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular
      deaths. Patients are still being entered into the third study and it is too early
      to report the findings in detail.

PMID- 1093671
TI  - Clinical results with estramustine phosphate (NSC-89199): a comparison of the
      intravenous and oral preparations.
AB  - The clinical results with estramustine phosphate in far-advanced carcinoma of the
      prostate refractory to other treatments are presented. Good clinical results have
      been achieved in about 40 percent of the 90 patients treated and regression of
      metastases has occurred in about 20 percent. Estramustine phosphate in the
      primary treatment of far-advanced carcinoma of the prostate shows very good and
      promising clinical results. A total of 132 patients were treated.

PMID- 1093672
TI  - Serial labeling index determination as a predictor of response in human solid
      tumors.
AB  - A rapid method for determining labeling indices in solid tumor specimens, tumor
      induced effusions, and tumor-bearing bone marrows was utilized in 116 patients.
      Of these, 48 patients were studied pre- and postchemotherapy. The magnitude of a
      significant change in labeling index (LI percent) was determined statistically.
      Of the 48 patients studied serially, 42 were studied 17 days or less following
      completion of their chemotherapy. In 26 patients without a significant change in
      tumor LI percent, there was no subsequent clinical response to chemotherapy.
      Three additional patients in this group are inevaluable at present. In 11
      patients, there was a significant fall in tumor LI percent following
      chemotherapy. Seven of these had a 50 percent or greater regression of
      demonstrable disease, one patient had definite tumor effect but the effect was
      not a partial response and three patients were not evaluable for clinical
      response. In two patients there was a significant increase in tumor LI percent
      and the patients had rapid tumor progression and death. Predictions derived from
      serial study of the LI percent by this method correlate significantly with
      subsequent behavior of the tumors tested following chemotherapy and may prove
      clinically useful in making decisions about when or whether to change therapy.

PMID- 1093674
TI  - A. E. C. Lathrop (1868-1918): Mouse Woman of Granby.

PMID- 1093673
TI  - Effect of iodoacetate on the bone marrow immunocompetence of AKR mice.
AB  - Studies were conducted to determine whether the sulfhydryl inhibitor, sodium
      iodoacetate, administered to preleukemic AKR mice and to mature C3H mice altered
      the immunocompetence of their bone marrow. Parameters investigated included the
      splenic plaque-forming capacity directed to sheep erythrocytes of bone marrow
      transferred from iodoacetate-treated aanimals to irradiated syngeneic recipients
      and the mitogenic responsiveness of bone marrow cells from untreated and
      iodoacetate-treated preleukemic AKR mice to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin
      A. The administration of two 0.5-ml doses of 10 mM iodoacetate to preleukemic AKR
      mice and to C3H mice resulted in a significant increase in bone marrow
      immunocompetence. Irradiated mice given marrow transplants from iodoacetate
      treated syngeneic donors exhibited greater numbers of plaque-forming cells
      directed against sheep erythrocytes than did recipients of marrow from control
      animals. This effect was abrogated when the donor marrow was previously treated
      in vitro with rabbit antimouse brain serum and the complement to remove thymus
      derived lymphocytes. The mitogenic responsiveness of marrow cultures from
      iodoacetate-treated AKR mice to phytohemagglutinin was similar to that observed
      for control mice, while the response to concanavalin A was decreased. These
      findings suggest that the administration of iodoacetate potentiated the
      immunocompetence of bone marrow by affecting thymus-derived cells.

PMID- 1093675
TI  - Localization of neuroblastoma in vivo with tumor-specific antibodies.
AB  - Studies of the mouse C-1300 neuroblastoma were undertaken in order to isolate
      tumor-specific antibodies and harness them for detection of tumors in vivo.
      Preliminary investigations demonstrated the strain-growth specificity of the
      neuroblastoma in A/Jax male mice and established the requirement for tumor
      viability for successful adoptive passage. Intradermally passaged tumor permitted
      extended survival of mice so that serum could be sampled at intervals for the
      presence of tumor-specific antibodies. By means of an indirect radioimmunoassay
      with glutaraldehyde-fixed identified in the serum of tumor-bearing hosts 6 days
      after inoculation, with a steady increase in antibody levels observed through Day
      22. An eluate in which immunoglobulin G antibodies were identified by
      immunoelectrophoresis was obtained from purified tumor cells by acid buffer
      incubation. These antibodies were labeled with 125-I, absorbed with normal
      tissues, and injected into tumor-bearing mice. A selectively collimated single
      probe isotope localization was positioned over the intradermal tumor, while the
      rest of the animal was shielded with lead. With this device, 125-neuroblastoma
      eluate was significantly taken up in the neuroblastoma but not in the mouse head
      or in a reticulum cell sarcoma control. Increasing uptake of MOPC 141 125-I
      immunoglobulin G was not observed in either tumor. These studies suggest that the
      mouse neuroblastoma may provide a source of tumor-specific, antibodies and that,
      with sensitive monitoring devices, these antibodies may be utilized to localize
      occult neoplastic tissue in vivo.

PMID- 1093676
TI  - Effects of methanol extraction residue and therapeutic irradiation against
      established isografts and simulated local recurrence of mammary carcinomas.
AB  - Female BALB/c mice carrying established isografts or simulated local recurrence
      implants of 2 rapidly growing mammary adenocarcinomas were treated either by
      injection of the methanol extraction residue (MER) fraction of killed Bacillus
      Calmette-Guerin organisms (given s.c. or into the tumor) or by focal X
      irradiation or by both. None of the modalities of therapy effected cures, but in
      many instances there was a significant retardation of tumor cevelopment and
      prolongation of the lives of the mice. Administration of MER alone offered
      protection in a number of cases but less often than the other forms of treatment.
      Combined therapy with MER and irradiation was, on the whole, the most successful
      therapeutic intervention. MER or irradiation administered alone enhanced the
      neoplastic process only on rare occasions; this appeared to be the case even more
      infrequently with combined treatment. MER was most likely to be effective alone
      or in combination when small quantities were used and when only 1 treatment or 1
      cycle of combined therapy was given. The therapeutic action of MER was not
      dependent on direct introduction of the agent into a neoplastic focus; s.c.
      administration distal to the tumor site was almost always at least as
      satisfactory as injection directly into the tumor mass and indeed was often more
      efficacious.

PMID- 1093677
TI  - Dietary modifications affecting the mutagenicity of N-nitroso compounds in the
      host-mediated assay.
AB  - The effects of various dietary modifications on the mutagenicity of
      dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA), N-nitrosomorpholine, and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea for
      Salmonella typhimurium his G-46 in the host-mediated assay were studied. The
      diets used were:chow, complete semisynthetic, protein-free, and all-casein, in
      addition to a 24-hr starvation regimen. The mutagenicity of DMNA and N
      nitrosomorpholine, which require metabolic activation for their biological
      activity, was depressed by the complete semisynthetic diet, as compared to the
      mutagenicity in mice fed the chow diet. DMNA mutagenicity was depressed by the
      protein-free diet and enhanced by pure casein as compared with the complete
      semisynthetic diet. N-Nitrosomorpholine mutagenicity was enhanced by starvation,
      but results with mice fed the protein-free and all-casein diets were ambiguous. N
      Methyl-N-nitrosourea, which does not require metabolic activation for its
      biological activities, responded in an opposite manner to that of DMNA; its
      mutagenicity was enhanced by the complete semisynthetic and protein-free diets,
      but was depressed by the all-casein diet.

PMID- 1093678
TI  - Secretory component in human mammary carcinoma.
AB  - Since secretory component is thought to be a normal glandular epithelial cell
      product, surgical specimens from patients with mammary carcinoma, an epithelial
      cancer, were studied with antisera to human free secretory component by indirect
      immunofluorescence microscopy. Normal breast tissue (10 cases) showed fluorescent
      epithelial cells confined to normal ducts. This was in marked contrast to
      ubvasive mammary carcinoma (20 cases), which showed intense staining of tumor
      cells and stromal cells in addition to the normal ductular  epithelium.
      Metastases in axillary lymph nodes (2 cases) showed intense fluorescence for
      secretory component, whereas axillary nodes without metastases from 2 patients
      with breast cancer showed no fluorescence. In both normal and tumor tissue,
      antiimmunoglobulin A stained only ducts and subepithelial plasma cells, thus
      establishing that the secretory component in tumor cells was not part of an
      intact secretory immunoglobulin A molecule. This finding was not restricted to
      mammary carcinoma, since preliminary studies of colon, lung, and bladder
      carcinoma also demonstrated tumor cells with cytoplasmic fluorescence for
      secretory component. In contrast, the tumor cells in 2 cases of sarcoma, a
      nonepithelial cancer, did not exhibit fluorescence for secretory component.

PMID- 1093680
TI  - [30 years of Czechoslovak neurology].

PMID- 1093679
TI  - Vitamin A inhibition of keratinization in rat urinary bladder cancer cell line
      Nara Bladder Tumor No. 2 in meniscus gradient culture.
AB  - The Nara Bladder Tumor No. 2 cell line, established from a urinary bladder
      carcinoma in the Wistar rat, formed keratinizing cells and multicellular pearls
      in meniscus gradient culture when fed with a medium of 15 or 30% fetal calf serum
      in Eagle's minimal essential medium. Confluent monolayer cultures were first
      prepared with the tubes in conventional horizontal position. When cultures were
      then changed to a vertical position, stratification, piling up, and aggregation
      of cells were observed in a few days at the aerobic end of the gradient.
      Keratinization appeared 1 week after the tubes were placed in vertical position.
      Squamous differentiation proceeded to the formation of keratin pearls, a
      phenomenon never observed so distinctly and in such abundance in horizontal
      culture. Supplements of vitamin A, as low as 1 IU/ml, added to the medium did not
      inhibit piling up or aggregation but did prevent keratinization. Inhibition of
      keratinization by vitamin A was reversible. After vitamin A was removed from the
      medium, the cells in the aggregates progressed to keratinization.

PMID- 1093681
TI  - [80th birthday of Prof. Vladimir Vondracek, M.D., D.SC].

PMID- 1093682
TI  - [30 years of the field of occupational diseases].

PMID- 1093683
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. F. Santavy, D.Sc].

PMID- 1093684
TI  - [Czechoslovak endocrinology in the last 30 years].

PMID- 1093685
TI  - [Prof. Josef Thomayer. From the memoirs of the late J. Ledec, M.D].

PMID- 1093686
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Gaston Giraud].

PMID- 1093687
TI  - [Results of the research activity within the scope of the resort plan of the
      Ministry of Health and Education in 1974].

PMID- 1093688
TI  - [Rejection diagnosis in renal transplantation based on circulating lymphocyte
      nucleolus morphology].

PMID- 1093689
TI  - [75th birthday of Prof. Jos. Hynie, M.D., D.S.c].

PMID- 1093690
TI  - [75th birthday of Prof. Frantisek Herles, M.D., T.S.c].

PMID- 1093692
TI  - [Pioneer of health education].

PMID- 1093691
TI  - [Czechoslovak pathological physiology in the time of the 30th anniversary of the
      liberation of Czechoslovakia and its further perspectives].

PMID- 1093693
TI  - [60th birthday of Chief Physician Jaroslav Korbelar, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1093694
TI  - Immuno-electron microscopic localization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
      in the arcuate nuclei and median eminence of the rat.
AB  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was localized in neurons of the
      arcuate nucleus and median eminence, and in many of the nerve fibres of the
      median eminence of the rat, by using antisera to synthetic LH-RH with the
      immunoglobulin-peroxidase technique or by using a soluble peroxidase
      antiperoxidase complex at the electron microsc opic level. Many of the arcuate
      neurons and some of the median eminence neurons contained numerous densely
      stained granules elsewhere in the cytoplasm. Similar granules, positive for LH
      RH, were observed in many nerve profiles around the capillaries of the primary
      portal plexus of zona palisadica and zona granulosa of the medain eminence, and
      such profiles may represent the release sites of LH-RH  into the portal vessels.
      About 20% of the nerve profiles around the primary portal plexus were LH-RH
      positive and the rest of the nerve profiles were negative. The negative profiles
      may belong to other hypophysiotropic hormones and/or to catecholaminergic fibers.
      Some nerve endings at the ventricular surface of the ependymal cells, in contact
      with the ventricular fluid, were also LH-RH positive. These nerve endings
      probably release their secretion into the cerebrospinal fluid. There was no
      staining of the mitochondria, the nuclei or the axonal membranes. Stain of
      varying intensity was seen in the secretory granules, and within and around the
      cisternae of the Golgi complex. The stained granules in the cisternae wer
      pleomorphic. From these observations it was concluded that the LH-RH  is packaged
      or condensed into granules in the Golgi cisternae.

PMID- 1093695
TI  - Immunohistochemical demonstration of neurophysin I - and neurophysin II -
      containing nerve fibres in the external region of the bovine median eminence.

PMID- 1093696
TI  - Regulation of stable RNA synthesis and ppGpp levels in growing cells of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Under the balanced condition of growth of E. coli cells, no distinct difference
      is observed in stable RNA and protein synthesis between CP78 (rel+) and CP79 (rel
      minus), whereas a considerable difference is present in RNA accumulation between
      NF161 (rel+) and NF162 (rel minus), where NF161 smaller than NF162. The RNA
      content of NF161 is lower than that of NF162 in four different cultures with
      different growth rates. These two sets of isogenic pairs of rel+ and rel minus
      strains are commonly used in the study of rel gene function; however, NF161 is a
      mutant in the spoT gene whose product may be responsible for the degradation of
      ppGpp. The basal levels of ppGpp in these four strains growing with three
      different growth rates were examined: NF161 (rel+ spoT minus) has a much higher
      content of ppGpp than do other strains. Furthermore, the contents of ppGpp tend
      to be lower when the above four strains are growing at a faster rate. Thus a
      close correlation seems to exist between the content of RNA and the basal level
      of ppGpp under the condition of balanced growth.

PMID- 1093697
TI  - [Spontaneous biliobiliary fistulae (author's transl)].

PMID- 1093698
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Prokop Malek, M.D., D.Sc., member correspondent of the
      CSAS (Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences)].

PMID- 1093699
TI  - [60th birthday of Jiri Pechar, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1093700
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Anton Pont'uch, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1093701
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Jan Marsalek, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1093702
TI  - [In memory of Assistant Prof. M.Vojta].

PMID- 1093703
TI  - [Comparison of bacteriological findings in the varina of different groups of
      women].

PMID- 1093704
TI  - [200th anniversary of Antonin Jungmann's birthday].

PMID- 1093706
TI  - [60th birthday of Assistance Prof. Antonin Novotny].

PMID- 1093705
TI  - [lH-test in anovulations unsuccessfully treated by clomiphene].

PMID- 1093707
TI  - A silver anniversary for Elliott H. Morse.

PMID- 1093708
TI  - [Our results and experience with hysterectomy secundum Aldridge (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1093709
TI  - [65th birthday of Prof. Ernest Dlhos, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1093710
TI  - [50th birthday of Jiri Kanka, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1093711
TI  - [In memory of Alexej Lednar, M.D].

PMID- 1093712
TI  - [Experimental status spongiosus in the brain tissue of chick embryos].

PMID- 1093713
TI  - In memory of Prof. Lubor Jilek, M.D., D.SC.

PMID- 1093714
TI  - [Beginings of electrophysiological research on sleep].

PMID- 1093716
TI  - [75th birthday of Chief Physician Hanus Libicky].

PMID- 1093715
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Rudolf Knobloch M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1093717
TI  - [60th birthday of Chief Physician J. Velicky, D.Sc].

PMID- 1093720
TI  - [Therapeutic results in neoplasms of the tonsil at the Oncological Institute in
      Brno].

PMID- 1093719
TI  - [In memory of Prof. M.Seeman, M.D., D.Sc. Feb 15, 1892 -Feb 11, 1975].

PMID- 1093718
TI  - [In memory of Chief Physician Eugen Plas].

PMID- 1093721
TI  - [Bernhard Ramazzini, pioneer and founder of special phoniatric literature].

PMID- 1093722
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Assistant Prof. Karel Zeman].

PMID- 1093723
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Head Physician Josef Dominik].

PMID- 1093724
TI  - [Primary cerebral and meningeal reticulosarcomas].

PMID- 1093725
TI  - [Significance of deep-implanted chronic electrodes for the determination of an
      epileptic focus].

PMID- 1093726
TI  - [Ischemic cerebral strokes. Evaluation of combinations of symptoms in a clinical
      model using a computer].

PMID- 1093727
TI  - [[80th birthday of Prof. Vladimir Vondracek, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1093728
TI  - [Clinical experience with clozapin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1093729
TI  - [Comparison of therapeutic effect of clozapin and chlorpromazin (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1093730
TI  - [Twenty-year activities of psychiatric department of postgraduate medical
      institute in Prague (author's transl)].

PMID- 1093731
TI  - [Telephonic aid for the large city population, its relation to the 1st
      psychiatric aid and its significance in the prevention of suicide I. Historical
      development].

PMID- 1093732
TI  - [10-year activity of the pediatric psychiatric department of Thomayer's Hospital
      in Prague 4].

PMID- 1093733
TI  - [50th birthday of Chief Physician Milos Vojtechovsky].

PMID- 1093734
TI  - [Serious infections in infancy caused by Escherichia coli].

PMID- 1093735
TI  - [Reconstruction of the defect of alveolar process of the maxilla using bone graft
      as a pre-prosthetic arrangement in adult patients with cleft palate].

PMID- 1093736
TI  - [1st women in dentistry].

PMID- 1093737
TI  - [In memory of Vaclav Kopec, M.D].

PMID- 1093738
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Velgos].

PMID- 1093739
TI  - [Results of x-ray cephalometry in patients with clefts and its importance for
      prosthetic treatment].

PMID- 1093740
TI  - [Czechoslovak-Soviet cooperation in health services].

PMID- 1093741
TI  - [Construction of health institutions within Czeschoslovak socialis health
      services 1945-1975. Development and perspectives].

PMID- 1093742
TI  - [30 years of public health care by the national committees and social
      organizations in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1093743
TI  - [Communist physicians in the national liberation fight of the Czech people 1939 -
      1945].

PMID- 1093744
TI  - [30 years of the public health service in socialist Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1093745
TI  - [In memory of Rene Metys, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1093746
TI  - [X'rays findings in case of rejection crisis of transplanted kidney (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1093747
TI  - Pathogenesis of oliguria in acute renal failure.

PMID- 1093748
TI  - Primary role of renal homografts in setting chronic blood pressure levels in
      rats.
AB  - The genotype of homograft kidneys plays the primary role in determining chronic
      blood pressure levels in two strains of rats with opposite genetically controlled
      propensities for hyptertension. In hypertensive rats from the hypertension-prone
      (S) strain, a renal homograft from the same strain resulted in a slight rise in
      blood pressure to a level that was equivalent to that in appropriate
      uninephrectomized S controls. In contrast, a renal homograft from the
      hypertension-resistant (R) strain led to a sharp fall in blood pressure in
      hypertensive S recipients. Opposite results were found when the host came from
      the R strain: R homografts maintained the same low pressure as that seen in
      controls, whereas S homografts resulted in hypertension. We concluded that
      genetically controlled factors operating through the kidney can chronically
      modify the blood pressure up or down. The central role of the kidney in
      hypertension is thus further documented.

PMID- 1093749
TI  - Changes in myocardial blood flow and S-T segment elevation following coronary
      artery occlusion in dogs.
AB  - The relationship between regional blood flow and epicardial S-T segment elevation
      was studied in 26 open-chest anesthetized dogs with left anterior coronary artery
      ligations. Changes in myocardial blood flow, measured with 15 plus or minus 5mu
      (diameter) microspheres labeled with 141-Ce, 85-Sr, and 169-Yb, were correlated
      with summated S-T segment elevations 15 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours after
      coronary artery occlusion. In normal areas, myocardial blood flow was 113 plus or
      minus 5 ml/min 100 g- minus 1 and summated S-T segment elevation was 0.3 plus or
      minus 0.2 mv. Fifteen minutes after coronary artery occlusion in 26 dogs, S-T
      segment elevation was 5.7 plus or minus 0.7 mv over the center of the infarct and
      myocardial blood flow was 10 plus or minus 1 ml/min 100 g- minus 1; over the
      border zone, myocardial blood flow was 63 plus or minus 4 ml/min 100 g- minus 1
      and S-T segment elevation was 3.1 plus or minus 0.1 mv. One third of the areas
      with a myocardial blood flow of 10 ml/min 100 g- minus 1 or less had no S-T
      segment elevation. In the center and border zones of the infarct in 9 dogs,
      myocardial blood flow increased from 11 plus or minus 2 and 67 plus or minus 8
      ml/min 100 g- minus 1 15 minutes after occlusion to 20 plus or minus 4 and 84
      plus or minus 12 ml/min 100 g- minus 1, respectively, 2 hours after coronary
      artery occlusion. These increases were not associated with a significant
      reduction in summated S-T segment elevation. The results do not suggest a simple
      quantitative relationship between epicardial S-T segment elevation and myocardial
      blood flow following acute coronary artery occlusion.

PMID- 1093750
TI  - Mechanism of the serotonin effect on lung transvascular fluid and protein
      movement in awake sheep.
AB  - To see how serotonin affects filtration from lung vessels, we measured vascular
      pressures, lung lymph flow, lung lymph and blood plasma protein concentrations,
      arterial blood gases, cardiac output, and lung water content in unanesthetized
      sheep before and during intravenous serotonin infusions and compared serotonin
      effects with the effects of inflating a balloon in the left atrium in the same
      sheep. Serotonin caused a dose-related increase in lung lymph flow and a dose
      related decrease in lymph-plasma protein concentration ratios. Steady-state 4
      hour serotonin infusions at 4 mu-g/kg min-1 caused lymph flow to increase from
      5.4 plus or minus 0.7 (SE) ml/hour to 8.3 plus or minus 1.3 ml/hour, lymph-plasma
      albumin ratios to fall from 0.78 plus or minus 0.05 to 0.72 plus or minus 0.04,
      lymph-plasma globulin ratios to fall from 0.64 plus or minus to 0.56 plus or
      minus 0.02, and pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures to increase by 3 cm
      H-20 each. Lymph clearance and permeability-surface area products for eight
      protein fractions ranging from 36 A to 96 A in molecular radius during steady
      state serotonin infusion studies were not significantly different from those
      during steady-state increased pressure studies. Four-hour infusions of serotonin
      at 4 mu-g/kg/kg min-1 caused a moderate fall in arterial Po-2 and a slight
      increase in arterial pH but did not affect cardiac output or cause pulmonary
      edema. We conclude that serotonin increases lung transvascular filtration
      primarily by increasing the transmural pressure gradient in exchanging vessels
      rather than by increasing vascular permeability.

PMID- 1093751
TI  - Role of the collecting duct in the regulation of sodium balance.
AB  - A large body of evidence has accumulated which demonstrates that sodium transport
      in some distal nephron segment is altered in response to changes in extracellular
      fluid volume. Sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle and distal tubule is
      directly related to delivery rate and is not inhibited by volume expansion. In
      contrast, recent studies have shown that Ringer loading causes a greater
      natriuretic response than hyperoncotic albumin because of diminished collecting
      duct sodium transport in the former model. Additional studies in animals with
      different basal extracellular fluid volumes and in DOCA-escape rats indicate
      further that the collecting duct is an important regulator of sodium balance.
      Although the factors that modulate sodium transport in the collecting duct are
      not clear, it is postulated that the local release of prostaglandins may be of
      major importance.

PMID- 1093752
TI  - Blood pressure regulation in end-stage renal disease and anephric man.
AB  - The hemodynamic pattern of response to bilateral nephrectomy was studied in 29
      patients with end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis. Four patterns
      of hemodynamic response were seen. In 12 patients with nonmalignant hypertension,
      bilateral nephrectomy reduced blood pressure and total peripheral resistance with
      no effects on cardiac output. In 5 patients with malignant hypertension,
      bilateral nephrectomy reduced blood pressure, increased cardiac index, and
      reduced total peripheral resistance more markedly. In these two groups, at
      equivalent levels of total exchangeable sodium, before and after bilateral
      nephrectomy, mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance were
      invaribly lower in the absence of renal tissue. In 3 additional patients with
      nonmalignant hypertension, the decrease in blood pressure after bilateral
      nephrectomy was delayed from 3 to 12 weeks. When this occurred spontaneously, it
      was accompanied by a decrease in total peripheral resistance. The fourth
      hemodynamic pattern was seen in 6 normotensive patients with end-stage renal
      disease. After bilateral nephrectomy, there were no significant changes in mean
      arterial pressure, total peripheral resistance, or cardiac output. Salt and water
      loading failed to elevate blood pressure significantly. Renal transplantation was
      performed in 3 hypertensive patients before removal of the end-stage kidney. The
      functioning renal homograft did not result in normal blood pressure as long as
      the end-stage kidneys remained in place. Removal of the end-stage kidneys
      significantly decreased mean arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance.
      In the anephric state, a sharp difference was seen in blood pressure response to
      salt and water loading between previously normotensive and previously
      hypertensive patients. Previously hypertensive patients responded with a
      progressive increase in blood pressure that reached hypertensive levels.
      Previously normotensive patients failed to elevate their blood pressure
      significantly. It is concluded that the vasopressor function of the kidney is the
      most important factor in the pathophysiology of hypertension of end-state renal
      disease. Expansion of body fluid plays a role, but elevates the blood pressure
      only in patients who were previously hypertensive. The antihypertensive function
      of the kidney does not appear to be a major factor in the regulation of blood
      pressure in end-stage renal disease.

PMID- 1093753
TI  - Development and maintenance of renal hypertension in normal and guanethidine
      sympathectomized rats.
AB  - The sympathetic nervous system has been postulated to play a role in the
      maintenance of renal hypertension. Permanent peripheral sympathectomy was
      performed by treating newborn rats for 21 days with guanethidine. Sympathectomy
      was confirmed by (1) relative insensitivity to tyramine, (2) lack of
      responsiveness to renal nerve stimulation, and (3) absence of dopamine-beta
      hydroxylase immunofluorescence in renal blood vessels. Placement of a clip on the
      left renal artery led to the development of two-kidney renal hypertension. No
      differences were observed between the two-kidney renal hypertensive normal and
      sympathectomized rats; both had elevated plasma renin activity and vasodepression
      with angiotensin antagonists which were maintained up to nine weeks. Furthermore,
      in normal rats chronic beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol caused no change
      in the development of the two-kidney renal hypertension. Similarly, no
      differences were seen in blood pressure, plasma renin activity, or response to
      antagonists between the one-kidney renal hypertensive (clip plus contralateral
      nephrectomy) normal and sympathectomized rats. Both showed sustained low renin
      hypertension up to 12 weeks. The absence of the peripheral sympathetic nervous
      system did not affect the development or maintenance of hypertension in either
      model of hypertension.

PMID- 1093754
TI  - Cardiovascular regulation by central adrenergic mechanisms and its alteration by
      hypotensive drugs.
AB  - Electrical stimulation of the posterior hypothalamus is followed by an immediate
      increase in sympathetic nerve activity and rise in blood pressure. Destruction of
      hypothalamic adrenergic structures by local unilateral injection of 6
      hydroxydopamine into the posterior hypothalamus reduced the blood pressure rise
      in response to stimulation of the lesioned side. This and numerous other findings
      indicate an involvement of central adrenergic neurons in the mediation of an
      increase of sympathetic nerve activity caused by hypothalamic stimulation.
      However, central adrenergic neurons do not seem to be an integral part of the
      sympathoexcitatory pathways originating in the posterior hypothalamus but rather
      facilitate their activation: after almost complete norepinephrine depletion
      produced by combined treatment with reserpine and alpha-methl-p-tyrosine,
      hypothalamic stimulation was still followed by an increase in spontaneous
      sympathetic nerve activity. Stimulation of an alpha-adrenoceptive site, probably
      located in the lower brain stem, mimics an activation of the baroreceptor reflex.
      The hypotensive drug, clonidine, stimulates this alpha-adrenoceptive site. In low
      doses clonidine facilitates the activation of the reflex, and in high doses this
      drug induces a state which closely resembles a pronounced activation of the
      reflex. Experiments following depletion of norepinephrine suggest that the
      central part of the baroreceptor reflex arc does not contain adrenergic neurons.
      However, these findings are compatible with the view that some neurons within the
      reflex arc are supplied with alpha-adrenoceptors. For the present it cannot be
      stated with certainty whether these alpha-adrenoceptors possess an innervation by
      adrenergic neurons projecting onto the reflex arc. In favor of such an
      innervation are the obsevations that alpha-methyldopa has its site of action in
      the lower brain stem and that the integrity of central adrenergic neurons is
      essential for its hypotensive effect. It seems that two central adrenergic
      systems exist with opposing effects on cardiovascular control. These are an
      excitatory hypothalamic and an inhibitory bulbar adrenergic system. Partial
      destruction of central adrenergic neurons by intraventricularly injected 6
      hydroxydopamine prevents the development of DOCA/NaCl, renal, and neurogenic
      hypertension and alters the pattern of blood pressure rise in spontaneously
      hypertensive rats. Impairment of central adrenergic function or imbalance of the
      two central adrenergic mechanisms may represent a trigger mechanism for the
      initiation of hypertension.

PMID- 1093755
TI  - Pharmacological effects of alpha-methyldopa, alpha-methylnorepinephrine, and
      octopamine on rat arteriolar, arterial, and terminal vascular smooth.
AB  - Experiments on rat mesenteric arterioles, metarterioles, and aortae demonstrate
      that although alpha-methylnorepinephrine is much less potent in inducing
      contraction than epinephrine on all three blood vessel types, it is either
      equivalent or only one and a half to two times less potent than the natural
      postganglionic neurotransmitter, norepinephrine, on these blood vessels.
      Furthermore, alpha-methylnorepinephrine is equivalent to norepinephrine in its
      ability to induce maximal contractile responses on rat arterioles, metarterioles,
      and aortae. Systemic administration of alpha-methyldopa to rats for 15 days
      shifted the log dose-response curves for all three catecholamines, but not
      vasopressin or potassium chloride, to the right of all three blood vessel types;
      the maximal contractile responses to these amines were, however, not affected by
      chronic treatment with alpha-methyldopa. In addition, acute, intra-arterial
      administration of 500 mg/kg of alpha-methyldopa was found not only to induce
      mesenteric arteriolar vasodilatation gradually but also to depress arteriolar
      reponsiveness to catecholamines. In view of these direct findings, it is
      difficult to accept the hypothesis that alpha-methyldopa induces hypotension via
      formation of a "false" postganglionic neurotransmitter substance, namely, alpha
      methylnorepinephrine. The present findings suggest that alpha-methyldopa may
      exert some of its anti-hypertensive action, at least in the rat, by (1)
      depressing arteriolar responsiveness to circulating and released catecholamines
      and (2) some unknown direct action on peripheral vascular muscle. In addition,
      the present study indicates that octopamine is (1) between 60 and 15,000 times
      less potent than norepinephrine on rat arterioles and metarterioles and (2)
      incapable of eliciting more than a 40% occlusion of these terminal vessels. It is
      suggested that such data support the concept that octopamine, in contrast to
      alpha-methylnorepinephrine, could serve as a false adrenergic neurotransmitter
      agent and thus account for part or all of the hypotensive action of monoamine
      oxidase inhibitors like pargyline. The use of complete dose-response curves,
      several different adrenergic compounds (i.e., epinephrine, norepinephrine, alpha
      methylnorepinephrine, octopamine, phenylephrine, and dopamine), and different rat
      blood vessels supports the concept that adrenergic molecules containing a
      catecholamine nucleus and a beta-hydroxyl group elicit the most potent
      constrictor responses from peripheral blood vessels. In addition, the data
      suggest that the structure-activity relationships for catecholamines and their
      analogs on terminal vascular smooth muscle are probably different from those for
      arterial smooth muscle.

PMID- 1093756
TI  - Effect of salt depletion and propranolol on blood pressure and plasma renin
      activity in various forms of hypertension.
AB  - The effect of propranolol therapy on the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and plasma
      renin activity (PRA) was studied in three groups of hypertensive patients who
      were also treated with saliuretics. Group A: In 14 patients with essential
      hypertension on chlorthalidone treatment, an additional daily dose of 640 mg
      propranolol for two months led to a significant reduction of the MAP (from 124 to
      105 mm Hg) and PRA (from 5.3 to 2.0 ng AI/ml/hr standing). There was no
      correlation between MAP reduction and either the original levels or change in
      PRA. Group B: In 14 patients with essential hypertension and 5 with renal artery
      stenosis studied on a fixed salt intake, the plasma and extracellular volumes,
      PRA, and blood pressures were recorded before and after three days of diuretic
      induced salt depletion and, with maintenance of the depleted state, after three
      days of propranolol. Salt depletion resulted in a decrease in MAP from 132 to 128
      mm Hg (NS), and PRA increased from 3.4 to 22.3 ng AI/ml/hr (P less than 0.01).
      There was no correlation between change in MAP and PRA control values, PRA
      change, or any of the volume parameters. Addition of propranolol was followed by
      a rapid MAP decrease to 111 mm Hg (P less than 0.01), and the PRA dropped to a
      mean of 8.5 (P less than 0.01). No correlation was found between change in MAP
      and change in PRA. The patients with renal artery stenosis did not differ in
      their reactions from those with essential hypertension. Group C: In five patients
      with moderate renal failure and normal to expanded 82-Br distribution volume,
      propranolol lowered MAP by 10% and lowered the PRA in all five. Salt depletion by
      furosemide to 82-Br volumes below normal resulted in a 10% decrease of MAP and a
      marked rise in PRA. In this state propranolol was followed by a further MAP
      reduction of 18% and a decrease in PRA. There was no quantitative relationship
      between MAP and PRA change during either of the treatment regimes. It is
      concluded that in various forms of hypertension, the blood pressure can be
      effectively lowered by combining diuretics and propranolol regardless of the
      pretreatment PRA level.

PMID- 1093757
TI  - Partial versus complete control of blood pressure in the prevention of
      hypertensive complications.
AB  - The data from the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study on Antihypertensive
      Agents Prevention of Morbidity Trial were reviewed from the point of view of the
      importance of normalizing the blood pressure in preventing cardiovascular
      complications. The treated group of patients was subdivided into three subgroups
      on the basis of the diastolic blood pressures recorded at the fourth month after
      randomization as follows: subgroup A, the poorly controlled patients whose
      diastolic blood pressures were 90 mm Hg or higher, an intermediate subgroup B
      with diatolic levels of 81 to 89 mm Hg, and subgroup C, the best controlled
      patients, all of whom exhibited diastolic blood pressures of 80 mm Hg or less.
      While the incidence of morbid events was slightly higher in subgroup A than in
      the other subgroups, the differences were not statistically significant. On the
      other hand, the incidence of morbid events in subgroup A was significantly lower
      (P less than 0.05) than in the untreated control patients (14.9% in subgroup A
      vs. 28.9% in the control group). While normalization of blood pressure is a
      desirable goal of treatment, even partial reduction appears to exert significant
      therapeutic benefit.

PMID- 1093758
TI  - Return of elevated blood pressure after withdrawal of antihypertensive drugs.
AB  - The rate at which arterial pressure rises after discontinuing active treatment
      was investigated in a group of 86 hypertensive patients who received treatment
      with hydrochlorothiazide, reserpine and hydralazine for two years or longer and
      whose diastolic pressures averaged below 96 mm Hg for the last year of treatment.
      Sixty patients were assigned double-blind to placebos and 26 were continued on
      active drugs. Forty-two of the placebo group of patients were removed over an 18
      month follow-up because of return of elevated blood pressures, 39 being removed
      in the first six months. Six patients in the placebo group and none in the
      treated group were removed because of morbid events. Nine or 15% of the placebo
      patients remained normotensive. The rate of rise in arterial pressure in the
      placebo group appeared to be related directly to the height of the pressure prior
      to initiation of active treatment and inversely to the age of the patients. Serum
      uric acid fell significantly while serum potassium rose significantly after
      active treatment was discontinued. The glucose tolerance test changed slightly in
      a direction toward normal while serum creatinine showed no significant change.

PMID- 1093759
TI  - Radionuclide angiocardiography. Improved diagnosis and quantitation of left-to
      right shunts using area ratio techniques in children.
AB  - A comparison of several reported methods for detection and quantitation of left
      to-right shunts by radionuclides was performed in 50 children. Count ratio
      (C2/C1) techniques were compared with the exponential extrapolation and gamma
      function area ratio techniques. C2/C1 ratios accurately detected shunts and could
      reliably separate shunts from normals, but there was a high rate of false
      positives in children with valvular heart disease. The area ratio methods
      provided more accurate shunt quantitation and a better separation of patients
      with valvular heart disease than did the C2/C1 ratio. The gamma function method
      showed a higher correlation with oximetry than the exponential method, but the
      difference was not statistically significant. For accurate shunt quantitation and
      a reliable separation of patients with valvular heart disease from those with
      shunts, area ratio calculations are preferable to the C2/C1 ratio.

PMID- 1093760
TI  - Radioisotopic studies of the regional myocardial circulation.

PMID- 1093761
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of propranolol.

PMID- 1093762
TI  - Diagnostic techniques: closed biopsy of bone.
AB  - Closed biopsy of bone has proven to be a useful and accurate method of
      establishing the diagnosis of certain primary and secondary bone tumors,
      infections, and metabolic disorders. The use of a Craig needle for biopsy has
      simplified this technique and has provided the orthopedic surgeon with an
      excellent diagnostic tool.

PMID- 1093763
TI  - Bone scanning: principles, technique and interpretation.
AB  - Bone scanning is most useful in the detection of bone metastases. The recent
      introduction of new radiopharmaceuticals and instrumentation has reduced the time
      needed to perform the study and its relative cost, while increasing the
      usefulness of the study in detecting roentgenographically occult diseases.
      Metastatic disease is used as the pathophysiologic model for understanding the
      principles of bone scanning. When a tumor invades bone, in addition to causing
      bone destruction, it also causes reactive bone formation or repair. It is here
      that radioisotopes are of considerable value, since some radionuclides are
      incorporated into the hydroxyapatite crystals of reactive bone. Bone repair is
      described as occurring in three phases. In Phase I, the roentgenogram shows no
      change in bone density, but the scan is abnormal. In Phase II, both scintigraphic
      and roentgenographic abnormalities increase, and in Phase III, when the osteoid
      has calcified completely, the roentgenogram shows radiodensities and the scan
      appears almost normal. Fewer than 5 per cent of patients have a normal scan in
      the presence of an abnormal roentgenogram. Presently, most bone scans are
      performed with phosphate compounds labeled with -99m-Tc. In the past, 85-Sr, 87M
      Sr, and 18-F were more broadly used. Scanning may be performed on either a
      rectilinear scanner or a scintophoto (gamma) camera. Areas which are abnormal on
      bone scan should be interpreted with current roentgenograms in the light of
      clinical findings.

PMID- 1093764
TI  - The detection of venous thrombosis.
AB  - It is imperative that the orthopedic surgeon recognize the magnitude of the
      problem of thromboembolic disease. It is the most common complication of trauma
      or surgical procedures. Because the clinical signs and symptoms of deep venous
      thrombosis are so variable, and since pulmonary embolism is often the first sign
      of deep venous thrombosis, we must continue to refine our techniques for
      screening and diagnosis. The 125-I fibrinogen localization of propagating venous
      thrombi in the legs is a very promising and sensitive screening procedure. With
      refinements, the Doppler effect flowmeter and impedance phlebography may prove to
      be valuable screening techniques. Venography is still one of the most effective
      procedures in detecting venous thrombi and remains the standard of detection. The
      search must continue for better methods of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

PMID- 1093765
TI  - Minimal internal fixation of tibial fractures.
AB  - Flexible wire and small pins cause minimal disturbance of osseous blood supply,
      and introduce minimal foreign material into the wound. Supplemental support by a
      plaster cast or by traction is required, but the external support can generally
      be discontinued  early for joint mobilization. Several simple auxillary fixation
      devices extend the usefulness of wire fixation. Removal of metal is not required.
      Many common fractures of the tibia are amenable to this method of minimal
      internal fixation. In the diaphysis, long oblique fractures are the most suitable
      for this application; the firmness of their fixation by cerclage is augmented by
      muscle pull. Rotation is effectively controlled by a plate which is L-shaped in
      cross section, and is held in position by cerclage. In the metaphysis, articular
      fractures of the knee and ankle are securely fixed by a flattened loop of wire
      and two washers (wire-washer set), supplemented sometimes by pins or hand-made
      staples. Two pins alone provide excellent fixation of the medial malleolus. A
      single pin, or a single wire loop through drill holes, may be sufficient to
      impart stability to an unstable tibial fracture. A key-type graft of iliac bone,
      maintained by crossed wire loops through cortical drill holes, is effective in
      the tibial diaphysis. Autogenous iliac cancellous chips provide minimal and
      effective internal fixation for an infected ununited fracture of the tibia. The
      surgical instrument most important for making wire fixation highly successful is
      a tightener-twister which protects wire loops from excessive strain during
      application, and permits twisting at a predetermined and therefore reproducible
      tension. Other special and ordinary instruments are valuable assets.

PMID- 1093766
TI  - Electrodiagnosis in orthopedic surgery.
AB  - The electromyogram is gaining importance as a diagnostic tool in the clinical
      practice of orthopedic surgery. Its uses in the area of kinesiology will
      undoubtedly be further developed in the future in ways which can be standardized
      and made available to the practicing orthopedist to improve the results of muscle
      and tendon surgery and the design of surgical procedures. It should be noted that
      in either case electromyograms can be utilized to give a great deal of valuable
      information concerning the competence of the motor unit, the functioning mass of
      muscle fibers and the phasic relationships of muscle groups. Its value in
      diagnosis, however, depends directly upon the care with which it is performed,
      the patience of the electromyographer in sampling an adequate quantity of muscle
      mass to be certain that nothing has been overlooked and, above all, the
      specificity of the orthopedic surgeon in delineating exactly what information he
      wishes to obtain, so that the performance of the electromyogram can be confirmed
      and aimed directly at producing answers to the questions he is asking. In this
      regard, the electromyogram is in no sense a screening test or a catchall which
      the orthopedic surgeon can substitute for a careful clinical evaluation.

PMID- 1093767
TI  - Section I: symposium. Special diagnostic techniques. The classic: Traite des
      Membranes en General et de Diverses Membranes en Particulier: Marie Francois
      Xavier Bichat.

PMID- 1093768
TI  - Fractures of tibial plateaus.  A review of the literature.
AB  - Tibial plateau fractures, common injuries in the middle-aged, often result from
      falls or vehicular accidents.  The wide spectrum of fracture patterns can be
      theoretically related to the sequential application of bending (valgus/varus) and
      compression forces.  End-results of 599 fractures in 13 different studies were
      compared by fracture pattern using a clear-cut fracture classification. 
      Minimally displaced (less than 5-10 mm displacement) fractures average 85-90 per
      cent acceptable end-results.  Associated soft tissue lesions include frequent
      meniscal (50% of cases) and ligamentous (10-30%) injuries.  Vascular and nerve
      injuries are most unusual: non-union is not reported.  A diagnostic and
      therapeutic approach is outlined.  The assessment of bony and/or ligamentous
      instability is stressed.  Reduction is required in most displaced fractures: open
      reduction and rigid internal fixation with ample bone grafting is suggested in
      displaced local depression fractures and other unstable fracture types refractory
      to closed reduction.  Operative repair of ruptured ligaments seems indicated. 
      Early knee motion is important in all fractures.  In unstable fractures angular
      alignment must be maintained (rigid internal fixation, skeletal traction, or
      bracing) during early motion.  Quadriceps rehabilitation must be vigorous. 
      Weight-bearing should be deferred for at least three months.  The cast brace is
      useful in unicondylar fractures.

PMID- 1093770
TI  - Schools of medicine offering training in toxicology.

PMID- 1093769
TI  - Primary reticulum-cell-sarcoma of the brain. A clinical-pathological study.

PMID- 1093771
TI  - The American Association of Poison Control Centers (founded 1958).

PMID- 1093772
TI  - American Association of Poison Control Centers membership list 1973-1974.

PMID- 1093773
TI  - Lateral pallidotomy for relief of ballistic movement - its basic evidences and
      clinical application.

PMID- 1093774
TI  - Alteration of pain perception by stereotactic lesions of fronto-thalamic
      pathways.

PMID- 1093775
TI  - New stereotactic apparatus and cryogenic device for stereotactic surgery.

PMID- 1093776
TI  - A new stereotactic approach to subcortical structures. Preliminary communication.

PMID- 1093777
TI  - Method of electrostimulation of the deep brain structures in treatment of some
      chronic diseases.

PMID- 1093778
TI  - Development of a stereotaxic endoscopy of the ventricular system.

PMID- 1093779
TI  - Stereotaxic third ventriculocisternostomy.

PMID- 1093780
TI  - Stereotaxic exploration of para-third ventricle tumors.

PMID- 1093781
TI  - A clinical study on acute confusion occurring in connection with ventrolateral
      thalamotomy.

PMID- 1093782
TI  - New method for stereotactic hypophysectomy with radiological visualization of
      lesion size.

PMID- 1093783
TI  - Surgical complication of posterior hypothalamotomy.

PMID- 1093785
TI  - Stereotaxic Coordinates for Amygdalotomy.

PMID- 1093784
TI  - Amygdalotomy and hypothalamotomy - a comparative study.

PMID- 1093786
TI  - Topometric relationship of the amygdala to the surrounding structures.

PMID- 1093787
TI  - Pathologic-anatomical findings and cerebral localization in stereotactic
      treatment of extrapyramidal motor disturbances in multiple sclerosis.
AB  - Two postmortem case of multiple sclerosis treated by sterotactic operations for
      the intention shaking of limbs, trunk, and head, and for the action myoclonus are
      analyzed to determine the location of the substrate of myoclonic and ballistic
      movements, the location of the coagulations for relief of these movements, and
      whether fresh demyelinating foci are elicited by intracerebral interventions. In
      the first case of a clinically typical multiple sclerosis, the foci responsible
      for the severe action myoclonus and intention ataxia of the trunk are
      demyelinations in the right and left red nucleus resulting in nerve cell damage
      and loss and an almost complete destruction of myelinated fibers. The restricted
      foci in the white matter of the cerebellum which do not involve the cerebellar
      nuclei are not extensive enough or old enough to be the cause of the action
      myoclonus but may, perhaps, sustain the pathogenesis. - In the second case of
      cerebral palsy and combined multiple sclerosis (detected post mortem), the
      combination of the severe damage of putamen and caudate nucleus by status
      marmoratus and the extensive nerve cell and fiber damage due to demyelinating
      foci in the substantia nigra are probably the substrate of the jactitation and
      intention myoclonus of the left limbs. The stereotactic coagulation of the
      dentatothalamic and pallidothalamic fibers in the base of V. o.p. and V.o.a. at
      the point where they pass through the zona incerta (location confirmed post
      mortem) resulted in a nearly complete relief of hyperkinetic movements. In the
      first case, fresh demyelinating foci are present in both hemispheres with
      stereotactic interventions; these foci are located, amongother places, around the
      coagulation and the electrode track. In the second case, post mortem serial brain
      sections demonstrate that stereotactic operations even in subacute multiple
      sclerosis can be carried out without eliciting any exacerbation of demyelination
      foci. Therefore, the danger exists that stereotactic intervention in cases of
      multiple sclerosis may precipitate fresh demyelinating foci. As our clinical
      experience [Riechert and Richter, 1972a, b] indicates, however, this occurred in
      markedly less than 10% of the cases.

PMID- 1093788
TI  - L-dopa therapy and stereotaxic thalamotomy for parkinsonism.

PMID- 1093789
TI  - Some considerations for treatment of spasmodic torticollis. Clinical and
      experimental studies.

PMID- 1093790
TI  - Dentato-thalamotomy in infantile hemiplegia.

PMID- 1093791
TI  - Follow-up results of centre median thalamotomy for relief of intractable pain. A
      method of evaluating the effectiveness during operation.

PMID- 1093792
TI  - Posteromedial Hypothalamotomy in the treatment of tractable pain,.

PMID- 1093793
TI  - Stereotactic operations with the help of a skull x-ray apparatus.

PMID- 1093794
TI  - Forel-H-tomy for the treatment of intractable epilepsy. Special reference to
      postoperative electroencephalographic changes.

PMID- 1093795
TI  - Stimulation and destruction of the prelemniscal radiation or its adjacent area in
      various extrapyramidal disorders.

PMID- 1093796
TI  - Evaluation of stereotaxic pulvinar lesions.

PMID- 1093797
TI  - Central median lesions - analysis of 89 cases.

PMID- 1093798
TI  - Stereotactic trigeminal tractotomy.

PMID- 1093799
TI  - Size and position of stereotaxic lesions in comparison with clinical pain relief.

PMID- 1093800
TI  - Results of stereotaxic surgery for intractable pain.

PMID- 1093801
TI  - Clinical and experimental studies of thalamic pulvinotomy.

PMID- 1093802
TI  - A complication associated with a forgotten intrauterine device (IUD).

PMID- 1093803
TI  - Ultrastructure of the glomerular filtration membrane of autotransplanted canine
      kidneys stored for 24 hours.

PMID- 1093804
TI  - Prediction of viability of rabbit kidneys preserved by hypothermic perfusion.

PMID- 1093805
TI  - Permeability changes in the blood-brain barrier: causes and consequences.
AB  - 1. Generalized changes in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability are accompanied
      by extravasation of plasma proteins; thus, they are readily studied with protein
      markers or protein-dye complexes. Selective changes in permeability involve
      alterations in BBB transport systems; they are best studied with techniques which
      detect the qualitative hallmarks of carrier-mediated transport, namely
      saturation, competition, and stereospecificity. 2. Quantitative assessments of
      the selective permeability of the BBB can be made from the saturation data
      expressed in terms of Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The advantages of the latter are
      twofold: (a) alterations elicited by modified barrier affinity (Km) can be
      distinguished from alterations in carrier capacity (Vmax); (b) the relative rates
      of flux of a metabolite across the BBB can be placed in the perspective of
      cerebral metabolism. Kinetic data on transport processes in the BBB are obtained
      by either constant infusion or single injection techniques. Results obtained with
      both methodologies have been comparable. 3. Independent transport systems for
      glucose, neutral amino acids, basic amino acids, and monocarboxylic acids have
      been identified in the BBB. The description of these transport systems in kinetic
      terms provides a background of information on intact mechanisms to which altered
      transport can be compared. 4. Experimental evidence indicates that the
      availability of key metabolic substrates, such as glucose or essential amino
      acids, may be rate-limiting in cerebral metabolism. A working hypothesis was
      developed that the consequences of a selective change in barrier permeability to
      one or more of these essential substrates are directly related to altered rates
      of reaction in substrate-limited pathways, e.g., cerebral protein or neuro
      transmitter biosynthesis. 5. Toxicological causes of generalized changes in BBB
      permeability include hypertonic solutions, organic solvents, surface-active
      agents, enzymes, and heavy metals. Some agents, e.g., mercury or hypertonic urea,
      induce selective changes in BBB transport at doses much lower than those required
      for nonspecific barrier break-down. Subtle changes in transport of metabolic
      substrates may remain unrecognized unless specifically investigated, yet may have
      profound consequences on brain metabolism. 6. Pathological processes can also
      induce selective changes in BBB permeability. Such changes often temporally
      precede the more generalized alterations in permeability that can occur during
      pathogenesis. For example, in brain edema due to an ischemic infarct, glucose
      transport increases during the early cytotoxic phase, whereas generalized changes
      are not detected until the later vasogenic phase.

PMID- 1093806
TI  - Atherosclerosis and the pediatrician.

PMID- 1093807
TI  - Basic concepts in the control of childhood obesity.

PMID- 1093808
TI  - Behavior modification in the treatment of childhood obesity.

PMID- 1093809
TI  - Cell number and size as a determinant of subsequent obesity.

PMID- 1093810
TI  - The use of hormones in the treatment of obesity.

PMID- 1093811
TI  - Behavioral correlates of the obese condition.

PMID- 1093812
TI  - Growth, body composition, and development of obese and lean children.

PMID- 1093813
TI  - Modification of adipose tissue fatty acid composition.

PMID- 1093814
TI  - Infantile obesity.

PMID- 1093815
TI  - Genetic counseling.

PMID- 1093816
TI  - X inactivation, differentiation, and DNA methylation.
AB  - A model based on DNA methylation is proposed to explain the initiation and
      maintenance of mammalian X inactivation and certain aspects of other permanent
      events in eukaryotic cell differentiation. A key feature of the model is the
      proposal of sequence-specific DNA methylases that methylate unmethylated sites
      with great difficulty but easily methylate half-methylated sites. Although such
      enzymes have not yet been detected in eukaryotes, they are known in bacteria. An
      argument is presented, based on recent data on DNA-binding proteins, that DNA
      methylation should affect the binding of regulatory proteins. In support of the
      model, short reviews are included covering both mammalian X inactivation and
      bacterial restriction and modification enzymes.

PMID- 1093817
TI  - The genus bacillus. An experiment with cluster analysis.

PMID- 1093818
TI  - Adriamycin, an antitumour antibiotic: a review with special reference to
      daunomycin.

PMID- 1093819
TI  - [Controlled clinical trials of drugs for use in the prophylaxis of migraine].

PMID- 1093820
TI  - Biofeedback training: a new therapy in the treatment of migraine and tension
      headache?

PMID- 1093821
TI  - [Assistant Prof. Alaksander Ujejski].

PMID- 1093822
TI  - [Effect of iodine iontophoresis on the bacterial flora of the root canals].

PMID- 1093823
TI  - [Angiographic study of arterialized flaps in rabbits].

PMID- 1093824
TI  - The synaptonemal complex and the spindle plaque during meiosis in yeast.
AB  - Meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae proceeds principally in the same manner as in
      other Ascomycetes. Leptotene is characterized by unpaired lateral components and
      pachytene by the presence of extensive synaptonemal complexes. The synaptonemal
      complex has the same dimensions and is similar in structure to those described
      for other organisms. Chromosome counts can now be made by reconstructing the
      synaptonemal complexes. Diplotene nuclei consistently contain a single
      polycomplex. The behaviour, doubling and the fine structure of the spindle plaque
      provide additional markers for the different stages of meiosis.

PMID- 1093825
TI  - Lampbrush-type chromosomes in the primary nucleus of the green alga Acetabularia
      mediterranea.
AB  - Structures with a lampbruch-chromosome-like morphology are described in the
      nucleoplasm of primary nuclei of the green alga, Acetabularia mediterranea, by
      light and electron microscopy in sections of cells fixed in situ and in spread
      preparations of isolated nuclear components. These chromosomes reveal typical
      loops (up to 20 micronm long), chromomere-like nodules (1-2 micronm in diameter),
      and 2-4 micronm large axial globules. Associations of some of these chromosomes
      with nucleolar structures and with the nuclear envelope are also recognized. The
      light microscopically identified loops are correlated with distinct
      fibrillogranular structures observed in the thin sections and with the very long
      matrix units seen in the spread preparations. The similarity of these structures
      to the lampbrush chromosomes of various animal cell types, all exclusively stages
      of meiotic prophase, is discussed as well as the possible relation of the
      appearance of lampbrush chromosomes to a defined phase of the vegatative growth
      of this alga.

PMID- 1093827
TI  - Nursing in India.

PMID- 1093826
TI  - Investigation of cellular interaction and deployment in the early mammalian
      embryo using interspecific chimaeras between the rat and mouse.
AB  - Mammalian chimaeras can be produced experimentally by aggregating early embryos
      or by injecting cells into them.  They have been used to study several aspects of
      early development.  However, lack of a genetic marker enabling unequivocal
      identification of all cells of either genotype in situ has frustrated full
      exploitation of the experimental possibilities offered by these organisms.  Hence
      interspecific chimaeras have been produced between rat and mouse embryos in which
      cells of the two species can be identified in sectioned embryos by immune
      fluorescence.  These chimaeric embryos have been used to study differentiation of
      the trophoblast and inner cell mass, and the deployment of cells during
      morphogenesis.  Preliminary results suggest that the two tissues are determined
      by the blastocyst stage, and that the trophoblast forms part of the extra
      embryonic membranes originally presumed to be derived from the inner cell mass. 
      Also, rat inner cell mass cells can induce mitosis in mouse trophoblast. 
      Futhermore, the distribution of rat cells in implanted embryos suggests that the
      embryo may grow in a coherent clonal manner from a very early stage.  Very
      recently, chimaerism has been induced by transplanting single rat cells, which
      may allow a more critical analysis of morphogenesis and determination than was
      possible hitherto.  An obvious question raised by crossing the species barrier is
      the extent to which results may be applicable to normal development.  Adverse
      effects of immunological interaction between the mouse uterine foster-mother and
      fetal rat cells, and sorting out of cells according to species, are two of the
      problems that might complicate interpretation of these experiments.

PMID- 1093828
TI  - [Immobilization of rhizobium lupini bacteroids in polyacrylamide gel].

PMID- 1093829
TI  - [Calorimetric study of the melting of specific tRNA].

PMID- 1093830
TI  - [Early malformations of the child's spine].

PMID- 1093831
TI  - [Autologous renal transplantation for renovascular hypertension (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Renovascular hypertension was diagnosed in a 20-year-old man as being due to
      bilateral renal-artery stenoses and infrarenal aortic coarctation. Reconstruction
      of the renal arterial supply by vein graft and aortorenal bypass failed to reduce
      the hypertension. But after bilateral autotransplantation of the kidneys into the
      iliac fossa and a dacron lay-on graft over the coarcted region the arterial blood
      pressure returned to normal. Pre-operative measurement of plasma-renin
      concentration in renal vein blood and the patient's age are essential factors in
      deciding on reconstructive surgery of a stenosed renal artery.

PMID- 1093832
TI  - [Blood culture in suspected fungemia and mycotic sepsia].

PMID- 1093833
TI  - [Candida albicans meningitis in infancy. Pathogenesis, clinical aspects and
      chemotherapy].

PMID- 1093834
TI  - [Anterior pituitary regulation of testicular function in the elderly (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Pituitary gonadotrophin regulation was examined with the LH-RH test in 15 men
      (aged between 55 and 90 years), five of them aged between 71 and 90 years.
      Compared to normal mature males, the plasma testosterone in these subjects was
      reduced or was in the lower range of normal, while basal LH levels were increased
      in half the cases. However, basal FSH values were increased in three only. In
      most of these subjects with increased basal values of LH, the LH-RH stimulation
      caused a paradoxical temporary reduction in LH release which did not occur with
      FSH. This paradoxical response also did not occur when basal LH values were
      normal.

PMID- 1093835
TI  - [Improving bacteriological diagnosis by using culture medium during transport of
      specimens (author's transl)].
AB  - It is well known that long transport diminishes the chances of isolating
      causative micro- organisms, especially from swabs. In a trial, in which beta
      haemolytic streptococci were kept for 24-hours at room temperature, culturing
      failed even if more than one million bacteria had been placed on the swab.
      Culture medium consisting of agar with 0.5% human albumin made it possible to
      isolate beta-haemolytic streptococci even after transport and with a count of
      less than a hundred micro-organisms per swab. The use of selective nutrient media
      may be necessary because of the sometimes marked multiplication during transport
      when there are mixed organisms. The nutrient medium was used during six small
      epidemics of scarlet fever in Freiburg and proved superior to the usual dry swab.
      In parallel studies of patients and contacts the causative beta-haemolytic
      streptococcus was isolated three times as often.

PMID- 1093836
TI  - [Hyperosmolar dehydratation in childhood].

PMID- 1093838
TI  - [Studies on heat generation by drills of various abrasion grade].
AB  - By means of our own measuring method, drilling tests were performed at a test
      block made of silicate cement using rose-head and fissure burs as well as diamond
      stones with different feed.  The temperature increases only within a limited
      range of wear and tear, it does not increase rectilinearly but stepwise, mainly
      influenced by two heat values, the shearing and the friction heat.  Having
      reached the temperature maximum, further drilling or further wear and tear only
      prolong drilling time.  The danger of damaging the pulp is primarily dependent on
      the feed and less on wear and tear, as was shown by the tests with the rose head
      burs.  Only when the feed is rising, the worn-out driller further increases a
      rise in temperature.

PMID- 1093837
TI  - [Werner Teschendorf's 80th anniversary].

PMID- 1093839
TI  - [Prosthetics and prevention of periodontal diseases].
AB  - This paper gives a survey of the present knowledge regarding prosthetical
      treatment under the aspects of preventing periodontal disease.  This survey is
      based on the German publications mainly of the past ten years.  In the beginning,
      the prevention of periodontal disease is weighed against the requirements of
      caries prophylaxis.  Then the requirements of periodontal hygiene are described
      that are inevitable for the beginning of treatment as well as for the dentures
      themselves.  The marginal periodontium that is in contact with the margin of the
      crown is generally regarded as an area of minor resistance, therefore particular
      attention should be given to this point of contact.  Construction of removable,
      partial dentures for partially edentulous jaws is also discussed in detail. 
      Final conclusions show that our knowledge in this specific field has been
      broadened.

PMID- 1093840
TI  - [Economic value in the therapy of edentulous masticatory system].
AB  - In the present paper it is tried to analyze the economic value of prosthetical
      treatment of edentulous jaws which has to be performed from the physiological and
      gnathological viewpoints.  After defining the therapeutical objective and after 
      standardizing case histories, and medical examinations as well as therapy, well
      known individual methodological measures are described which are indispensable
      for achieving the therapeutical aim.  Analysis of therapy, definition of
      therapeutical objective and standardization of case histories, medical
      examination, therapy, and methodological individual measures can be used for-
      rationalizing working procedures in the dental office, --evaluating new methods, 
      -evaluating full dentures, --further elaborating ill-defined methodological
      steps, --investigating ill-defined therapeutical measures.

PMID- 1093841
TI  - [Marker-evidence for documentation and evaluation of findings and treatment in
      fractures of the facial skull].
AB  - A special form is presented by means of which clinical findings and therapy of
      fractures of the visceral cranium are documented in such a way that the data can
      be fed into a computer and be evaluated.  Like similar forms for
      cheilognathopalatoschisis and tumors of the jaw and face area the present form is
      meant for a special field or specific problems and is not to replace the
      traditional case history.

PMID- 1093842
TI  - [Contribution of electromyography of the anal sphincter to the study of anal
      incontinence in myelomeningocele. Apropos of 80 personal cases in children I].

PMID- 1093843
TI  - [A new substituted benzamide with neuroleptic effects: lin 14 18 or sultopride].
AB  - After the research about Sulpiride, a new substituted benzamide has been studied.
      Although it was characterized by modest pharmacological effects in the
      neuroleptic identification tests, LIN 1418 turned out to have very interesting
      therapeutic properties. A study conducted with 50 cases, 30 of which were
      submitted a systematic pluridisciplinary control, leads to provisory conclusions
      as follows: 1) its psychotropic effects are powerful and constant; 2) its
      prevailing action is antipsychotic and desinhibiting altogether; 3) while LIN
      1418 appears as successful with all psychoses, whether acute or chronic, up to
      now, the quality of its results in many chronic psychoses seems to be
      particularly remarkable; 4) its side-effects are those of most neuroleptics: its
      extrapyramidal symptoms being all the more obvious as the patient's "passivity"
      is less important.

PMID- 1093844
TI  - [Situation of sultopride among present-day neuroleptics].
AB  - The authors report preliminary clinical investigations about sultopride, a new
      substituted benzamid, related to sulpiride. The drug was administered to thirty
      nine hospitalized psychotic patients. A very powerful and constant efficacy of
      sultopride was observed in 11 manic and hypomanic typical syndroms: excitation
      was controlled between the first and third day, with oral doses of 1,200-1,800
      mg. But thymical inversion was observed in 8 cases (3 light anxious states and 5
      typical melancholic syndroms). Besides, interesting improvements were obtained in
      atypical excitation disorders, chronic hallucinatory delusions, acute oniric and
      confusional states, schizophrenia and chronic alcoholism. Side-effects were
      frequent: extrapyramidal syndroms, often requiring antiparkinsonian correctors,
      somnolence, asthenia, and above all (in 30 percent of cases) psychical side
      effects, consisting in depressive and anxious modifications of mood, even apart
      from manic-melancholic psychosis. This psychotropic depressive effect appears as
      very interesting theoretically, and justifies further enquiry.

PMID- 1093845
TI  - [Comparison of clinical effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol with the classic
      effects of hashish].
AB  - Moreau de Tours's classical studies about haschisch had pointed out to a rich
      symptomatology: visual and auditive hallucinations preceded by the "primordial
      effect": "the dissociation of ideas". This delirious state was assimilated to
      dream. Modern studies, conducted with Delta-9-THC, in healthy voluntaries, again
      suggest the comparison or even the identity of the modifications caused by
      cannabis with sleep and dream. 10 mg of Delta-9-THC was absorbed in sesame oil by
      the voluntaries, and all of them presented disturbances of their vigilance,
      changes of their mood, now with euphoris and now with dysphoria, and slight
      psycho-sensorial alterations. The voluntaries EEG showed important and specific
      individual reactivity. Three subjects presented an arousal tendency, three other
      a greater towards sleep. Slight morphological changes have appeared, such as
      desynchronised periods, rapid shifts between I A, I B, II stages of sleep or an
      hypovariable I B stage of sedation with period of occular movements resembling to
      REM-stage.

PMID- 1093846
TI  - [Sulpiride and drug addiction].
AB  - The authors carried on their study as presented in Tunis Congress of Psychiatry
      and Neurology. The results of the administration of Sulpiride with drug-addicts
      are still difficult to evaluate, because none of the patients are hospitalized
      and there is no possibility to know the precise doses absorbed by the patients.
      An improvement is however obvious with patients who spontaneously come to ask for
      more. They generally present polytoxicomania and use haschisch, opium
      derivatives, amphetamines and usually L.S.D. Two recent observations summarize
      the action of Sulpiride: 1. --A fit of acute depersonnalisation in a young lady
      was suppressed within eight days with the administration of 1 g p.o. of Sulpiride
      a day. Recovery without relapse. 2. --An old drug-addict would shoot himself i.v.
      with at least 1 g of Sulpiride whenever he wanted to stop his intoxication
      periods. He did not feel any "flash" but only could thus obtain a "soft"
      withdrawal without need syndrome. Neither dependence, nor serious side-effects
      were observed.

PMID- 1093847
TI  - [Clinical study of a new agent correcting the syndrome of neuroleptic
      impregnation in acute psychotic states].
AB  - The correcting action of tropatepine hydrochloride upon the extrapyramidal
      effects induced by neuroleptics has been studied in 32 acute psychotic states. A
      satisfying result has been obtained with daily doses of 10 to 20 mg in 30 cases
      (excellent results: 20, good results: 10 patients). The action upon dyskinetic
      crises is particularly good and quickly obtained, avoiding a recourse to an i.m.
      corrector in 7 cases out of 8. The akineto-hypertonic syndrome has been
      efficiently corrected in 18 cases out of 23. The hyperkinetic manifestations
      (akathisia, tasikinesia) reacted favourably in 8 cases out of 11, dysarthria in 7
      cases out of 11. The lessening of tremor was less satisfying (8 cases out of 15);
      same thing for the dryness of the mouth (7 cases out of 16) and disorder of
      visual accomodation (6 cases out of 12). The clinical tolerance was excellent.
      With the used doses, we found neither inconvenient atropinic effect, nor disorder
      of the vigilance, nor pharmacodependence. The one daily administration of a 10 mg
      tablet turned out to be sufficient in 19 cases. This possibility of only one
      administration a day appeared to us as a great advantage.

PMID- 1093848
TI  - [A French experience with methadone].
AB  - Methadone chlorhydrate has been administred to opiate addicts either for a short
      period with a decreasing dosage as a withdrawal cure, or for longterm treatments
      as a basis of a maintenance program. The analysis of precise clinical criteria
      regarding the socio-professional states, the family-life, the general health and
      the psychopathological diagnosis, allows an evaluation of the success of the cure
      and of its elective indications. The study of the personnality of the drug
      addicts shows the importance of this factor in the potential success of a
      methadone cure. Urinary biological controls are regularly performed. This
      limitations and promises of this treatment discussed form a basis of a year's
      experience.

PMID- 1093849
TI  - Beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase active on dermatan sulfate.
AB  - The dodecasaccharide obtained by treating dermatan sulfate with testicular
      hyaluronidase, chondroitinase AC, and beta-glucuronidase was incubated with
      diluted, normal human serum at pH 4.5 or 7.0 followed by chondro-4-sulfatase at
      pH 7.0. Analyses of the reaction products indicate release of hexosamine but not
      further degradation of the substrate. It is concluded that normal human serum
      possesses an exo-beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase active on dermatan sulfate.

PMID- 1093850
TI  - Allograft reactivity of mice against a radiation-induced lymphoma incompatibile
      for the H-2K-Ir regions of H-2.

PMID- 1093851
TI  - Mechanism of the immunosuppressive effect of Ehrlich ascitic tumour.

PMID- 1093852
TI  - Cell-mediated and humoral immunity in dogs with spontaneous lymphosarcoma.

PMID- 1093853
TI  - Antibody-induced redistribution of surface immunoglobulins in chronic lymphatic
      leukaemia.

PMID- 1093855
TI  - Obituary: Ernst Simonson, M.D., 1898-1974.

PMID- 1093856
TI  - Localization of lactate dehydrogenase-X on the surfaces of mouse spermatozoa.

PMID- 1093854
TI  - Vagal role and pacemaker indication in hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex.
AB  - The effect of carotid sinus pressure (CSP) on sinus rate was studied in 24
      patients with sinoatrial pauses below 3 sec (control) and 23 patients with
      sinoatrial pauses above 3 sec (hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex equal to
      (HCSR). For registration of P waves, intraatrial electrograms were used. CSP was
      applied several times before and after atropine. Patients with HCSR showed
      inconstant response to CSP. The maximal result was considered diagnostic. No
      difference in the lengths of sinoatrial pauses was found between patients without
      dizziness or syncopes in the presence of HCSR and patients with dizziness that
      proved clinically to be based on the existence of HCSR. It was concluded that CSP
      induced asystole can serve neither as a differential diagnostic criterion nor as
      an indication for pacemaker application. Sick sinus syndrome, and thereby
      dysfunction of the sinus node, were excluded by rapid atrial stimulation.
      Patients with HCSR showed overall higher age, slower resting heart rate before
      and after atropine and less atropine response during CSP compared to control.
      Hypersensitivity of the carotid sinus reflex was interpreted as a part of the
      physiological augmentation of vagal tone in elderly people.

PMID- 1093857
TI  - The first division of HeLa times chick erythrocyte heterokaryons. Transfer of
      chick nuclei to daughter cells.

PMID- 1093858
TI  - Synthesis of two DNA-dependent RNA polymerases in yeast.

PMID- 1093859
TI  - Immunoreactivity to antinucleoside antibodies persists during G2 arrest in X
      irradiated HeLa cells.

PMID- 1093860
TI  - In memoriam. Petr Kuzmich Anokhin 1898-1974.

PMID- 1093861
TI  - On the possible functional role of afferent pathways in skin sensation.

PMID- 1093862
TI  - Cortical-thalamic relationships in the rat.

PMID- 1093863
TI  - Effect of substantia nigra stimulation on spontaneous unit activity in the
      caudate nucleus.

PMID- 1093864
TI  - Effect of passive transfer of anti-brain antibodies to a normal recipient.

PMID- 1093865
TI  - Slow rhythms and correlations in spike trains from midbrain neurons.

PMID- 1093866
TI  - Somatosensory properties of neurons of thalamic nucleus ventralis lateralis.

PMID- 1093867
TI  - Fornix lesions selectively abolish place learning in the rat.

PMID- 1093868
TI  - Glycoproteins from trypanosoma cruzi: partial purification by gel chromatography.

PMID- 1093869
TI  - A partial localisation of the binding sites of the 50 S subunit proteins L1, L20
      and L23 on 23 S ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1093870
TI  - Subunit interaction in antibodies and antibody fragments studied by circular
      polarization of fluorescence.

PMID- 1093871
TI  - Narciclasine: an antitumour alkaloid which blocks peptide bond formation by
      eukaryotic ribosomes.

PMID- 1093872
TI  - Photoaffinity reaction between polyuridylic acid and protein S1 on the
      Escherichia coli ribosome.

PMID- 1093873
TI  - Analysis of protein-nucleic acid filter binding using the Poisson distribution: a
      method to estimate co-operativity.

PMID- 1093874
TI  - The primary structure of the 5 S RNA binding protein L25 from Escherichia coli
      ribosomes.

PMID- 1093875
TI  - The structure of Apis dorsata melittin: phylogenetic relationships between
      honeybees as deduced from sequence data.

PMID- 1093876
TI  - Translocation in ribosomes by attachment-detachment of elongation factor G
      without GTP cleavage: evidence from a column-bound ribosome system.

PMID- 1093877
TI  - Exocytosis in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes induced by A 23187 and calcium.

PMID- 1093878
TI  - The biosynthesis of serum albumin.

PMID- 1093879
TI  - Properties of polynucleotide phosphorylase from E. coli Polynucleotide
      phosphorylase-deficient and thermo-sensitive mutants.

PMID- 1093880
TI  - Evidence for an interprotomerial active site in D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
      dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1093881
TI  - Membrane-bound DNA from Escherichia coli: extraction by freeze-thaw-lysozyme.

PMID- 1093882
TI  - Temperature-dependent inhibition of polyphenylalanine formation by the exotoxin
      of Bacillus thuringiensis.

PMID- 1093883
TI  - Insulin biosynthesis and secretion.
AB  - Studies are presented which support the concept that a cell membrane localized
      glucoreceptor system is involved in the insulin secretory response to glucose and
      that the specific stimulation of insulin synthesis by glucose reflects effects at
      both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional level. After 48 hours of fasting
      the insulin secretory response to glucose is markedly reduced. This reduction is
      overcome by 24 hours of refeeding carbohydrate, but notprotein or fat, and is
      blocked by refeeding in the presence of an inhibitor of RNA synthesis. Although
      these studies clearly demonstrate an inducible glucoreceptor system, they do not
      permit conclusions regarding either its composition or location in the beta-cell.
      Phloridzin, a glycoside with a high affinity for glucose-carrier systems in plama
      membranes, stimulated basal insulin secretion sixfold. A large number of plant
      lectins were tested for ability to stimulate insulin release from isolated
      islets, and only mushroom lectin did so. The lectin concentration producing half
      maximal hormone releaseis 3 x 10-7, a value in good agreement with the
      dissociation constant forlectin binding. Glucose stimulated insulin sythesis in
      isolated rat islets was determined to be partially inhibited by actinomycin D.
      The posttranscriptional effect was determined to be increased initiation of total
      islet mRNAas well as proinsulin mRNA. To futher quantitate the effect of glucose
      on proinsulin mRNA, immunoprecipitation of proinsulin synthesizing polysomes was
      accomplished. It appeared that proinsulin is synthesized on a mRNA accommodating
      six to eight ribosomes, and the size of the proinsulin mRNA is 10-11 S on sucrose
      gradients. This unexpectedly large size of the proinsulin mRNA is discussed.

PMID- 1093884
TI  - Effects of nutrition on maternal-infant interaction.

PMID- 1093885
TI  - The Fifth International Congress of the Transplantation Society.

PMID- 1093886
TI  - Fetal hormones and their effect on the differentiation of the central nervous
      system in primates.

PMID- 1093887
TI  - Teratogenic effects of triamcinolone on the skeletal and lymphoid systems in
      nonhuman primates.

PMID- 1093888
TI  - Immunologic and morphologic effects of vasectomy in the rhesus monkey.

PMID- 1093889
TI  - Mitochondrial ATP-Pi exchange complex and the site of uncoupling of oxidative
      phosphorylation.
AB  - Five enzyme complexes, which are concerned with electron transport and oxidative
      phosphorylation, have been isolated from beef heart mitochondria. Enzyme
      complexes I, II, III and IV are the electron transfer complexes discovered in
      1961. Complex V is an energy-conserving complex. It catalyzes ATP-Pi exchange and
      ATP hydrolysis. The exchange reaction is sensitive to uncouplers, rutamycin,
      valinomycin plus K-+, dicyclorexylcarboditmide, arsenate, azide, and adenylyl
      imidodiphosphate. It is also specific for ATP; ITP, GTP and UTP are essentially
      ineffective. Studies with the photoaffinity labeling uncoupler, 2-azido-4
      nitrophenol (NPA), have shown that the mitochondrial uncoupler-binding sites are
      located exclusively in complex V. Complexes I, III and IV, which carry the three
      coupling sites of the respiratory chain, had negligible capacity for the binding
      of NPA, whereas the uncoupler-binding capacity of complex V appeared to be
      increased two- to threefold as compared to mitochondria. Complexes I, II, III, IV
      and V are obtained from the same batch of mitochondria by a simple fractionation
      procedure, which employs cholate, deoxycholate, ammonium acetate and ammonium
      sulfate. Studies with NPA have shown that mitochondria contain per milligram
      protein about 0.6 nmole of uniformly reacting uncoupler binding site. All of the
      uncouplers tested appeared to interact competitively with this site.
      Photoaffinity labeling with tritiated NPA has shown that a major portion of NPA
      binds to a polypeptide of molecular weight between 26,000 and 30,000. Other
      studies on the mechanism of uncoupling have shown that picrate is a membrane
      impermeable uncoupler. It cannot uncouple mitochondria. However, it is an
      effective uncoupler of ATP synthesis and ATP-induced transhydrogenation or
      reverse electron transfer when used in conjunction with sonicated
      submitochondrial particles, which have an inside-out orientation of the inner
      membrane with respect to the medium. In these particles, picrate binds to the
      same uncoupler-binding site as NPA and other uncouplers. However, unlike the
      membrane-permeable uncouplers, picrate is a poor protonophore. It has a very
      small effect on the proton permeability of phosphorylating submitochondrial
      vesicles, even at two to three times the concentration needed for complete
      uncoupling. The increase in the proton permeability of submitochondrial vesicles
      caused by such high concentrations of picrate (500 mum) can be achieved with
      approximately 5 mum 2,4-dinitrophenol. At this concentration, dinitrophenol
      results in only about 20% uncoupling.

PMID- 1093890
TI  - Macrophage physiology.

PMID- 1093891
TI  - Evaluation of the role of macrophages in immune induction.

PMID- 1093892
TI  - Macrophage-lymphocyte interaction and antigen recognition.
AB  - The functional and morphologic aspects of immunologically relevant macrophage
      lymphocyte interaction have been characterized in inbred guinea pigs. Antigen
      dependent initiation of in vitro DNA synthesis in lymphocytes taken from animals
      previously immunized with that antigen has been shown to be macrophage dependent.
      Expression of this in vitro correlate of in vivo established cellular immunity
      requires that antigen is initially bound to macrophages antecedent to any
      interaction with the specific lymphocyte. In view of the failure of supernatants
      from macrophages briefly exposed to antigen to initiate DNA synthesis in immune
      lymphocytes and the critical density requirements for lymphocyte proliferation,
      it is reasonable to assume that a direct physical interaction occurs between the
      antigen-bearing macrophage and lymphocyte. Using an in vitro assay of lymphocyte
      binding to macrophage monolayers, we have characterized what appear to be
      sequential events in macrophage-lymphocyte interaction. The initial event is an
      antigen-independent interaction between macrophage and lymphocyte whose
      characteristics are rapid reversibility, species but not strain specificity, and
      dependence on macrophage metabolism. If macrophages bear antigen for which a
      given lymphocyte possesses a specific receptor, then a second nonreversible
      antigen-dependent stabilization of binding occurs. This latter step requires tht
      macrophage and lymphocyte be histocompatible. These observations parallel
      functional studies of the histocompatibility dependence of macrophage-associated
      antigen initiation of lymphocyte DNA synthesis in guinea pigs. A model sequence
      of the physical events correlating with functional macrophage-lymphocyte
      interaction is proposed.

PMID- 1093893
TI  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the treatment of anovultory infertility.
AB  - Fifteen infertile, anovulatory women, ages 20 to 37, were treated with synthetic
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) to stimulate follicular maturation
      and/or ovulation. Thirteen of the patients had been treated unsuccessfully with
      other therapeutic regimens. To obtain follicular maturation, LH-RH was given
      intramuscularly in daily doses of 25 mu-g for 7 days and 50 mu-g for the next 7
      days, or 100 mu-g for 3 days and 150 mu-g for the next 3 days. Both regimens were
      begun on the 4th day of a spontaneous or induced cycle. Follicular maturation
      (evaluated by the cervical mucus scale) occurred in three of seven cycles treated
      withe the first regimen and three of five treated with the second regimen. To
      induce ovulation, LH-RH was given in intravenous infusion (50 to 500 mu-g),
      intramuscularly (100 mu-g), or in a combination of both methods. The drug was
      administered after follicular maturation with LH-RH, clomiphene citrate, or human
      menopausal gonadotropin had been achieved; it was also given during four cycles
      in which spontaneous follicular maturation had occurred. Ovulation occurred in 10
      of 25 treated cycles. Five pregnancies resulted, three in the first post
      treatment cycle.

PMID- 1093894
TI  - Anti-luteinizing (LH)-releasing activity of several analogues of LH-releasing
      hormone.
AB  - The anti-LH-releasing activity of several analogues of LH-RH was tested by 2-hour
      infusion in ovariectomized, estrogen-progesterone-pretreated rats and in immature
      male rats. [Leu3]LH-RH, [Leu3, desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide, [desHis2,
      Leu3,desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide, [Gly2, Leu3,desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide, [Leu1,
      desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamides, [desHis2,D-Ala6,desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide,
      [desHis2,Leu3,D-Ala6, desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide, and [D-pGlu1,desGly10]-LH-RH
      ethylamide, and and [D-pGlu1,desHis2,desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide showed some anti
      LH-releasing activity, but never completely inhibited the increase in serum LH in
      response to LH-RH. No significant differences were found among the analogues
      tested and [desHis2,desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide, and inhibitory potency was not
      improved with those peptides containing D-alanine in position 6 of the chain.
      None of the analogues tested, including [desHis2,desGly10]-LH-RH ethylamide, was
      able to block the LH-RH-induced FSH release in these systems.

PMID- 1093895
TI  - Immunologic evidence for addition of oviductal components to the hamster zona
      pellucida.
AB  - An indirect immunofluorescent procedure was used to determine whether zonae of
      unfertilized and fertilized eggs would bind antibodies specific for hamster
      reproductive tract antigens. Appropriate controls indicated that the fluorescent
      staining was probably due to antigen-antibody interactions. Antigens were not
      detected in zonae of ovarian eggs. However, components in zonae of unfertilized
      eggs collected from the oviduct at metestrus, mid-diestrus, and late diestrus
      bound antibodies specific for oviductal and uterine antigens. The antigens
      appeared to be concentrated in a peripheral band within the zona. An outer area
      of the zona around the eggs obtained from the uterus at proestrus also bound the
      antibodies, although the fluorescent staining was relatively faint. Antigens were
      observed in the peripheral area of zonae of fertilized eggs collected from
      oviducts on days 1 and 2 postcoitum. However, the antibody-binding component of
      the zona was noticeably reduced in embryos taken from the uterus on day 3 of
      pregnancy. The results are consistent with the idea that the zonae of both
      unfertilized and fertilized hamster eggs are composed of layers and that the
      outer region contains specific antigens which are dereived from the oviduct.
      Furthermore, loss or alteration of these components in the zona of an embryo (but
      not of an unfertilized egg of the same postovulation age) may reflect some
      chemical or structural change which is a prerequisite for zona shedding. Anti
      uterus sera (unabsorbed and absorbed) did not interfere with zona removal by
      trypsin, indicating that the antigens detected in the present study are different
      from the receptor sites which bind anti-ovary antibodies and certain plant
      agglutinins (as reported by other workers).

PMID- 1093896
TI  - [Istvan Varga, DDS, 80 years old].

PMID- 1093897
TI  - [The role of acrylate polymerization in the therapy of oral candidiasis].

PMID- 1093898
TI  - [Anchoring of cast Ergo bridges with specially reduced crowns].

PMID- 1093899
TI  - [Prosthetic use of the retromolar recess in the preparation of complete lower
      dentures].

PMID- 1093900
TI  - [Stationary exitation according to A.A. Ukhtomskii and its role in the mechanism
      of completion of temporary connections].
AB  - When recording potentials form the cortical surface, an increase in the processes
      of local excitation was shown to occur at the moment of revealing the first signs
      of the conditioned reflex: appearing of slow waves, increasing amplitude of
      evoked potentials, negative shift of the cortical steady potential.  When
      recording evoked potentials from deep cortical layers, successive stages of
      transition of the local excitation into a spread one which carries out the
      conditioning, were shown.  Stationary depolarization occurring in conditioning
      and revealed in gross forms as slow waves, increasing amplitude of evoked
      potentials, and negative shift of steady potential, at the cellular level is
      revealed as formation of neuron's polysensory acitvity and is usually followed by
      increase in the action potential (AP) duration in neurons of the cortical ends of
      analysers participating in conditioning.  Etimizol is known to improve memory
      processes in man and in animals (2).  When acting on the mollusk neurons,
      etimizol increases AP duration by 144 plus or minus 64 percent.  The data
      obtained suggest that the observed in conditioning increase of AP durration of
      neurons in the cortical representation of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli
      is associated with alterations in ion exchange and with trace processes in
      neurons, which apparently is related to the fine mechanisms underlying the
      retention in memory.

PMID- 1093901
TI  - [Role of A.A Ukhtomskii in the development of the problems of work, working
      capacity and fatigue (peculiarities and characteristics of these states in
      various age periods)].
AB  - The data of research which has been carried out for years, are summarized.  They
      are presented in a succession conforming to the A.A. Ukhtomsky views on the
      gradual enlargement of amplitude of muscles contraction, on capacity for work,
      and on fatigue.  In the early postnatal period the phenomenon of gradual
      enlargement of amplitude of muscles contraction does not yet exist.  It only
      appears after realizaiton of standing posture, when skeletal muscles transit from
      the type of tonic activity to the phasic--tetanic type.  This phenomenon is due
      to that the first contractions induce hyperrelaxation which leads to the
      subsequent higher amplitude of contraction.  The steady state of work capacity of
      neuromuscular system without any changes of amplitude, in the conditions of
      undisturbed circulation in the organism as a whole, can be maintained in all the
      periods of age for a long time without any signs of fatigue.  This phenomenon
      takes place during the intervals between the contraction activity, the anabolic
      process having ample time to be completed.  Such a form of work capacity is
      called stability.  If the anabolic processes are unable to be completed during
      the intervals between the contractions, their amplitude gradually decreases
      reflecting the beginning of fatigue.  The contractile activity which is going on
      during the fatigue state, is called endurance.

PMID- 1093902
TI  - [Scientific contacts of A.A. Ukhtomskii with students of I.P. Pavlov in the
      period from 1906 to 1942].

PMID- 1093903
TI  - Intestinal digestion and absorption of sugars.

PMID- 1093904
TI  - Clinical studies of carbohydrate digestion and absorption.

PMID- 1093905
TI  - Specific disaccharidase deficiency in adults.

PMID- 1093906
TI  - Relationship of cytochrome P-450 to growth phase of brewer's yeast in 1 per cent-
      or 20 per cent-glucose medium.

PMID- 1093907
TI  - 4'-Hydroxylation of biphenyl by yeast containing cytochrome P-450: radiation and
      thermal stability, comparisons with liver enzyme (oxidized and reduced forms).

PMID- 1093908
TI  - Synthesis of Escherichia coli uridine diphosphate glucose hydrolase, and
      demonstration of an inhibitor, in Salmonella typhimurium cytoplasm.

PMID- 1093909
TI  - The interaction of concanavalin A with mutant and wild-type strains of
      Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 1093910
TI  - A tyrosine-free medium for the selective growth of cells expressing phenylalanine
      hydroxylase activity.

PMID- 1093911
TI  - Astroglial protein in the developing spinal cord of the chick embryo.

PMID- 1093912
TI  - Immunofluorescent studies on aphakia, a mutation of a gene involved in the
      control of lens differentiation in the mouse embryo.

PMID- 1093913
TI  - Insulin biosynthesis in isolated pancreatic islets of fetal and newborn rats.
AB  - The effect of glucose and glucose plus glucagon on the incorporation of H-3-L
      leucine into proinsulin and insulin was examined in isolated islets of twenty-one
      day old fetal and five- and ten-day old newborn rats. Maximal stimulation of (pro
      ) insulin biosynthesis was achieved with 100 mg. per cent of glucose in isolated
      islets of twenty-one-day old fetal rats. No additional effect was observed with
      300 mg. per cent of glucose. On the other hand, in islets of five- and ten-day
      old newborn rats the incorporation of H-3-L-leucine into proinsulin and insulin
      was gradually augmented by glucose up to concentrations of 300 mg. per cent.
      Addition of glucagon to the various glucose concentrations only enhanced the
      synthesis of insulin in ten-day old newborn islets, whereas it had no effect on
      the islets of the younger age groups. The results show a different pattern of
      insulin biosyntheses in fetal and newborn islets, which may be related to the
      varied plasma glucose concentrations of the perinatal period.

PMID- 1093914
TI  - Pituitary responsiveness to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in insulin
      dependent diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Impaired fertility and menstrual disturbances are common in diabetes mellitus. In
      order to study the effect of diabetes on gonadotropin secretion by the pituitary
      gland, twenty premenopausal diabetic females and seven diabetic males were
      investigated using luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH). Although the
      gonadotropes responded to LH-RH in the patients studied, a relative impairment
      was apparent when compared to normal matched control groups. In the female
      diabetic patients there was no difference in the gonadotropin responses obtained
      in those with oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea when compared to those with normal
      menses. A significant inverse relationship was found between the maximum rise in
      plasma luteinizing hormone and the fasting plasma glucose. These findings suggest
      an influence of glucose metabolism on pitiutary gonadotropin function. However,
      the reduced gonadotropin response is unlikely to be the sole cause of the
      abnormal gynecologic function.

PMID- 1093915
TI  - Sodium valproate in the treatment of intractable childhood epilepsy.
AB  - Sodium valproate has been used, in combination with a variety of standard
      anticonvulsant drugs, to treat 24 children with intractable epilepsy.  A
      reduction of fit frequency greater than 90 percent was obtained in six patients,
      and a reduction of over 50 per cent in another six, with an improvement in
      alertness and school performance in the majority of cases.  Grand mal, myoclonic
      and petit mal epilepsy gave the best response, while infantile spasms responded
      least well.  No serious side-effects were encountered.

PMID- 1093916
TI  - Correction of equinus in cerebral palsy by the Murphy procedure of tendo
      calcaneus advancement: a preliminary communication.
AB  - The biomechanics of the Murphy procedure for correction of equinus in cerebral
      palsy are presented.  A series of 79 surgical procedures on 48 patients, with a
      follow-up period of from one to four years, is reviewed.  Correction of equinus
      was succeswful in 89-9 per cent of the procedures.  Using the Murphy procedure
      the following advantages over other methods of correction are anticipated: (1) no
      loss on 'push-off' in gait; (2) no loss of correction (recurrence) during
      longitudinal growth of the child, necessitating repeated surgery; and (3) no need
      for continual night bracing during the growth period.

PMID- 1093918
TI  - [3 academic epigraphs].

PMID- 1093917
TI  - [Teeth of ancient Mexicans. Study of their dentitions in Prehispanic skulls].

PMID- 1093919
TI  - Factors affecting the concentration of combustible gases in the colon during
      colonoscopy.
AB  - The colonic concentrations of the combustible gases, H2 and CH4, were well below
      hazardous levels in 60 consecutive patients at the time of colonoscopy.
      Independent analysis of the effect of a low residue liquid diet, a 12-hr fast,
      and bowel cleansing on the pulmonary excretion of these gases suggest that the
      low colonic concentrations encountered were largely the result of our patient
      preparation procedure. Both ingestion of the liquid diet and fasting decreased
      the pulmonary excretion of H2 markedly but caused only a slight fall in CH4
      excretion. Thus H2, but not CH4, production appears to depend on the delivery to
      the colonic bacteria of exogenous fermentable substrate. Bulk removal of bacteria
      from the colon resulted in about a 10-fold reduction in the excretion of both
      gases. The results of these studies do not support the need for routine CO2
      insufflation prior to colonoscopic electrosurgical polypectomy.

PMID- 1093920
TI  - Depression of antral and serum gastrin concentration by food deprivation in the
      rat.
AB  - In rats fasted 4 days, immunoreactive gastrin concentrations decreased to one
      third of the fed levels in antral tissue and to one-eight of the fed levels in
      serum. The number of antral cells that reacted with fluorescent antigastrin
      antiserum was also correspondingly decreased. After refeeding, serum gastrin
      returned to normal levels in 6 days, whereas antral gastrin concentration
      recovered after 9 days. Normal gastrin levels were maintained in rats fed a
      nutritious liquid diet over a 6-day period, whereas tissue and serum hormone
      concentrations decreased to low levels in rats placed on a high bulk non
      nutritive diet over the same period. These results suggest that food in the
      gastrointestinal tract is necessary for the maintenance of normal serum and
      antral gastrin concentration in rats. The effect of food is most likely
      attributable to chemical constituents and not distention by bulk.

PMID- 1093921
TI  - Significance of elevated liver alkaline phosphatase in serum.
AB  - The serum alkaline phosphatase was fractionated by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis in 317 patients with elevated serum alkaline phosphatase
      activity. In 253 patients the source of the elevation was the isoenzyme of
      presumed liver origin, band L. In 87 of these patients, there was either no
      obvious liver disease or the alkaline phosphatase elevation was inappropriately
      high. In 19 of the 87, liver disease was further excluded by liver biopsy or by
      laparotomy. Because of this, biochemical studies were done to verify the hepatic
      origin of band L. Band L and alkaline phosphatase extracted from human liver
      migrated together on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis before and after
      digestion with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase. They had identical pH optima,
      sedimentation coefficients, Michaelis constants, and rates of inactivation at
      55.5 degrees C. They had different rates of inactivation in 3 M urea. Over-all,
      the data indicate that band L is of liver origin, and that elevation of the
      hepatic alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme may be a nonspecific finding in certain
      patients.

PMID- 1093922
TI  - Evaluation of radiographic lucency or opaqueness of gallstones as a means of
      identifying cholesterol or pigment stones. Correlation of lucency or opaqueness
      with calcium and mineral.
AB  - A major criterion for the selection of patients with gallstones for treatment
      with chenodeoxycholic acid is the radiographic demonstration of lucent
      gallstones. In this study, we sought to evaluate the degree of selectivity of
      that criterion for distinguishing patients with cholesterol stones from those
      with pigment stones and to define the determinants of stone lucency or
      opaqueness. Of 92 lucent stones, 14% were pigment stones; and of 18 of opaque
      stones, 33% were cholesterol. Thus, the criterion of stone lucency allows
      inclusion of a significant number of subjects (14%) with lucent pigment stones,
      which may account for about one-half of the reported 33% incidence of treatment
      failures with chenodeoxycholic acid. Conversely, of patients with opaque stones,
      the one-third with cholesterol stones would be excluded from chenodeoxycholic
      acid treatment. Calcium is the major metal of both types of stones. However,
      opaque stones contain 6 times more calcium than lucent stones, which accounts for
      the difference in radiographic appearance.

PMID- 1093923
TI  - Factors complicating observed associations between peptic ulcer and other
      diseases.

PMID- 1093924
TI  - Vagotomy in the elective treatment of duodenal ulcer.

PMID- 1093925
TI  - Cytochemical, immunofluorescence, and ultrastructural investigations on
      polypeptide hormone localization in the islet parenchyma and bile duct mucosa of
      a cyclostome, Myxine glutinosa.

PMID- 1093926
TI  - Gonadal steroids as modulators of the function of the pineal gland.

PMID- 1093927
TI  - Prolonged sexual bipotentiality of the embryonic quail testis and relation with
      sex steroid biosynthesis.

PMID- 1093928
TI  - The effects of antiandrogens and antiestrogens in nonmammalian vertebrates.

PMID- 1093929
TI  - The histophysiology of transplanted corpuscles of Stannius in the killifish
      Fundulus heteroclitus.

PMID- 1093930
TI  - Recombination-deficient deletions in bacteriophage lambda and their interaction
      with chi mutations.
AB  - We have isolated a new class of deletion mutants of phage lambda that extend from
      the prophage attachment site, att, into the gam and cIII genes. In this respect
      they are similar to certain of the lambda pbio transducing phage, but they differ
      in having a low burst size and in forming minute plaques. Lytically grown stocks
      of the deletions contain a variable proportion of phage that produce large
      plaques. These have been shown to carry an additional point mutation. Similar
      mutations, called chi, have been described by Lam et al. (1974), who showed that
      they result in a hot-spot for recombination produced by the host recombination
      system (Rec). We show that chi mutations can occurat several sites in the lambda
      genome and produce a Rec-dependent increase in the burst size of the one deletion
      tested.---In addition to reducing burst size, the one deletion tested reduces
      synthesis of DNA  and emdolysin but increases production of serum blocking
      protein. A chi mutation partially restores DNA synthesis and endolysin production
      and reduces serum blocking protein to normal levels. Our results are consistent
      with the hypothesis put forward by Lam et al., that chi enhances the frequency of
      Rec-promoted recombination, which provides the only pathway for production of
      maturable DNAin a red gam infection. The mechanism of the differential effect on
      protein production is, however, unclear.---Chi mutations are found to occur in
      DNA other than that of lambda. We show that, as has been suggested elsewhere
      (McMilin, Stahl and Stahy 1974), the lambda pbio transducing phages carry a chi
      mutation within the E. coli DNA substitution. A chi mutation also arose in a new
      substitution of unknown origin isolated in the course of this work.

PMID- 1093931
TI  - A new method for mutant selection in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A new method for the selection of auxotrophic, antibiotic- and
      temperature=sensitivemutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is reported. The
      technique is based upon the observation that certain fatty acid auxotrophs of
      yeast die when deprived of fatty acid only under conditions supporting growth.
      When macromolecular synthesis is blocked, the fattyacid-starved cells survive. By
      appropriate manipulation of a fatty acid-requiring strain enrichment as great as
      75-fold was achieved for certain classes of auxotrophic mutants. An enrichment of
      approximately 100-fold is possible for some antibiotic-sensitive mutants.
      Selection for temperature-sensitive mutants, however, resulted in less than a 2
      fold increase in the frequency of such mutants, probably because of the
      heterogeneity ofthis mutant category. It is likely that only that fraction of
      temperature-sensitivemutations which rapidly and reversibly blocks macromolecular
      synthesis is selected by this technique.

PMID- 1093932
TI  - Recessive lethal amber suppressors in yeast.
AB  - Recessive lethal amber suppressor mutations have been isolated in a diploid
      strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Diploids carrying these suppressors upon
      sporulation yield asci with only two live spores, both lacking the suppressor. At
      least two classes of recessive lethal suppressors exist. Aneuploid strains
      carrying one wild type and one suppressor locus have been isolated and used in
      mapping studies; one suppressor maps on chromosome III, the other does not.

PMID- 1093933
TI  - Evidence of preferential pairing of chromosomes at meiosis in aneuploid yeast.
AB  - Meiotic pairing in homothallic S. cerevisiae was studied by tetrad analysis,
      using strains that were trisomic or tetrasomic for chromosomes. I. The disomic
      segregants of these strains produce tetrasomic spore colonies that can be
      distinguished by their phenotype. Results indicated the existence of preferential
      pairing and nonrandom assortment of chromosomes at meisosis I. The frequency of
      crossing over is apparently normal in at least some regions when nonpreferred
      pairing occurs.

PMID- 1093934
TI  - Requirement for cell dispersion prior to selection of induced azaguanine
      resistant colonies of Chinese hamster cells.
AB  - With V79 Chinese hamster cell cultures treated with a mutagen, the maximum
      frequency of colonies resistant to 8-azaguanine (AZG) was attained when the cells
      were dispersed after a suitable expression time before adding the selection
      medium. V79-4 cells were exposed to 500 muM MMS, 7 muM AFAA, or 10 muM MNNG and
      allowed to multiply before being reseeded at 4 times 10-4 cells/60 mm dish and
      selected with 10 mu-g/ml AZG. Maximum frequencies of 4 times 10-5, 4 times 10-4,
      and 2.4 times 10-3 were obtained about 100, 130, and 200 hrs after exposure to
      MMS, AFAA, and MNNG, respectively. The maximum frequencies following MMS or MNNG
      treatments were about 10-fold greater than those obtained when induction and
      selection of AZG-resistant colonies were performed in the same culture dish. The
      reseeding of treated cells eliminated the possibility of metabolic cooperation
      within mosaic colonies of wild-type and mutant cells and achieved expression of
      the induced changes before intercolony crossfeeding reduced the frequency of
      resistant colonies. -  AZG-resistant colonies were selected in medium containing
      dialyzed fetal bovine serum, and the selection medium replacement were necessary
      for consistent achievement of background frequencies of resistant colonies near
      10-6. Reconstruction experiments with AZG-resistant V79 lines showed that the
      efficiency of recovery of resistant cells in the selection medium was constant
      over a range of 0-20 colonies observed/dish. A mixed population of V79 and AZG
      resistant cells was also correctly analyzed by the procedure used in mutagenesis
      studies.

PMID- 1093935
TI  - Inositol-requiring mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Fifty-two inositol-requiring mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated
      following mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate. Complementation and tetrad
      analysis revealed ten major complementation classes, representing ten
      independently segregating loci (designated ino1 through ino10) which recombined
      freely with their respective centromeres. Members of any given complementation
      class segregated as alleles of a single locus. Thirteen complementation
      subclasses were identified among thirty-six mutants which behaved as alleles of
      the ino1 locus. The complementation map for these mutants was circular. -
      Dramatic cell viability losses indicative of unbalanced growth were observed in
      liquid cultures of representative mutants under conditions of inositol
      starvation. Investigation of the timing, kinetics, and extent of cell death
      revealed that losses in cell viability in the range of 2-4 log orders could be
      prevented by the addition of inositol to the medium or by disruption of protein
      synthesis with cycloheximide. Mutants defective in nine of the ten loci
      identified in this study displayed these unusual characteristics. The results
      suggest an important physiological role for inositol that may be related to its
      cellular localization and function in membrane phospholipids. The possibility is
      discussed that inositol deficiency initiates the process of unbalanced growth
      leading to cell death through the loss of normal assembly, function, or integrity
      of biomembranes. - Part of this work has been reported in preliminary form
      (CULBERTSON and HENRY 1974).

PMID- 1093936
TI  - Mating type and sporulation in yeast. I. Mutations which alter mating-type
      control over sporulation.
AB  - In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, meiosis and spore formation as well as mating are
      controlled by mating-type genes. Diploids heterozygous for mating type (aalpha)
      can sporulate but cannot mate; homozygous aa and alpha-alpha diploids can mate,
      but cannot sporulate. From an alpha-alpha diploid parental strain, we have
      isolated mutants which have gained the ability to sporulate. Those mutants which
      continue to mate as alpha-alpha cells have been designated CSP (control of
      sporulation). Upon sporulation, CSP mutants yield asci containing 4alpha spores.
      The mutant gene which allows alpha-alpha cells to sporulate is unlinked to the
      mating-type locus and also acts to permit sporulation in aa diploid cells.
      Segregation data from crosses between mutant alpha-alpha and wild-type aa
      diploids and vice versa indicate (for all but one mutant) that the mutation which
      allows constitutive sporulation (CSP) is dominant over the wild-type allele. Some
      of the CSP mutants are temperature-sensitive, sporulating at 32 degrees, but not
      at 23 degrees. In addition to CSP mutants, our mutagenesis and screening
      procedure led to the isolation of mutants which sporulate by virtue of a change
      in the mating-type locus itself, resulting in loss of ability to mate.

PMID- 1093937
TI  - Mating type and sporulation in yeast. II. Meiosis, recombination, and radiation
      sensitivity in an alpha-alpha diploid with altered sporulation control.
AB  - In wild-type S. cerevisiae, diploid cells must be heterozygous at the mating-type
      locus in order to sporulate. In the preceding paper, we described a number of
      mutants (CSP mutants), isolated from nonsporulating aa and alpha-alpha parent
      strains, in which sporulation appeared to be uncoupled from control by mating
      type. The characterization of one of these mutants (CSP1) is now extended to
      other processes controlled by mating type. This mutant is indistinguishable from
      alpha-alpha cells and unlike aalpha cells for mating factor production and
      response, zygote formation, intragenic mitotic recombination, and for X-ray
      sensitivity. The mutant apparently undergoes a full round of DNA synthesis in
      sporulation medium, but with delayed kinetics. Only 20% of the cells complete
      sporulation. Among spores in completed asci, the frequency of both intra- and
      intergenic recombination is the same as it is for spores produced by aalpha
      cells. However, experiments in which cells were shifted from sporulation medium
      back to minimal growth medium gave a frequency of meiotic recombination between
      ade2 or leu2 heteroalleles only 25% to 29% as high for CSP1 alpha-alpha diploid
      or CSP1 aa disomic cells as for aalpha diploid or disomic cells. Because the
      latter result, indicating recombination defectiveness, measured recombinant
      production in the entire cell population, whereas the result indicating normal
      recombination sampled only completed spores, we infer that all meiotic
      recombination events occuring in the population of CSP1 alpha-alpha cells are
      concentrated in those few cells which complete sporulation. This high degree of
      correlation between meiotic recombination and the completion of meiosis and
      sporulation suggests that recombination may be required for proper meiotic
      chromosome segregation in yeast just as it appears to be in maize and in
      Drosophila.

PMID- 1093938
TI  - Mutation of a heterothallic strain to homothallism.
AB  - Upon mutagenesis, a heterothallic alpha-alpha diploit strain mutated to
      homothallism. The gene confering homothallism is nuclear, recessive, and unlinked
      to mating type. This gene is not allelic to the HO gene, which is responsible for
      previously described instances of homothallism in yeast. We have designated this
      new gene for homothallism as cmt (change of mating type).

PMID- 1093939
TI  - Selection for a large genetic duplication in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium strains containing a duplication of nearly a third of the
      genome have been isolated by a simple procedure involving selection for improved
      utilization of L-malate as sole carbon source. The duplication occurs at a very
      high spontaneous frequency. Strains containing the duplication can be isolated
      selectively on malate medium, or by a non-selective procedure involving Hfr
      conjugation. When strains containing the duplication are maintained on non
      selective medium, the duplication is readily lost. Genetic evidence suggests that
      the duplication is chromosomal and tandem. The fact that the recA gene is
      included in the duplication has been used to obtain evidence that the recA1
      marker is recessive to its wild-type allele. Unlike tandem duplications
      previously described in I. coli, the duplication described in this report appears
      to have unique endpoints.

PMID- 1093940
TI  - [Effect of surfactants on the pathogenic enterobacteria in an aqueous
      environment].

PMID- 1093941
TI  - [Dispersed intravascular clotting: cause or effect of eclampsia?].

PMID- 1093942
TI  - [Antibacterial resistance of newborn infants].

PMID- 1093943
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Maksymilian Seidler].

PMID- 1093944
TI  - [Lev Konstantinovich Bogush (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1093945
TI  - [Prosthetic reconstruction of the mitral valve with leaving the posterior cusp in
      place].

PMID- 1093946
TI  - [Resection of an aortal arch aneurysm with prosthetic reconstruction of the aorta
      and brachiocephalic vessels].

PMID- 1093947
TI  - A controlled, randomized trial of highly selective vagotomy versus selective
      vagotomy and pyloroplasty in the treatment of duodenal ulcer.
AB  - The results of highly selective vagotomy without drainage and selective vagotomy
      with pyloroplasty for duodenal ulcer were compared in a randomized, controlled
      trial of a series of 100 patients. The frequency of dumping, diarrhoea, and
      epigastric fullness was significantly lower after highly selective (6, 6, and 8
      percent) than after selective vagotomy (30, 20, and 28 percent) one year after
      the operations. Recurrent and persisting duodenal ulcers appearing from one to
      four years after the operations were significantly more frequent after highly
      selective (22 percent) than after selective vagotomy (8 percent). No significant
      relationships were found between recurrent ulceration and gastric acid secretion
      measurements after the two operations. The Hollander response was early positive
      in 28 percent and late positive in 30 percent of the patients subjected to highly
      selective vagotomy, while the corresponding figures after selective vagotomy were
      26 and 32 percent. The overall clinical results of the two operations were not
      different according to the classification of Visick. Excluding the patients with
      recurrence resulted in significantly better clinical results after highly
      selective vagotomy.

PMID- 1093948
TI  - Pancreatitis after renal transplantation.
AB  - Pancreatitis is seldom seen as a severe complication of renal transplantation. In
      a review on 1321 renal transplants, 23 cases with 12 deaths are reported (Johnson
      and Nabseth, 1970). Single case reports may be added. In our departments
      pancreatitis has proved to be a fairly frequent complication. It developed in 10
      (7 percent) of 147 patients with renal transplantation one week to seven and a
      half years after transplantation (patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
      excluded). Three of the eight acute cases had haemorrhagic pancreatitis, in two
      of them leading to death. Two patients had chronic calcifying pancreatitis.
      Pancreatitis was complicated in one case by abscess formation and in two by
      severe haemorrhage into a pseudo-cyst. In two patients the diagnosis was made at
      necropsy only and death was probably not related to the acute pancreatitis. The
      exact pathogenesis of pancreatitis after renal transplantation cannot be
      precisely assessed. Possible contributing factors are treatment with
      corticosteroids, azathioprin, and L-asparaginase, early hypercalcaemia after
      transplantation, surgery, infections of bacterial or viral origin, and unknown
      immunological processes.

PMID- 1093949
TI  - Symposium on colonic function. Electrophysiology of the colon.

PMID- 1093950
TI  - Colonic motility.

PMID- 1093951
TI  - Electrical potential difference of colonic mucosa.

PMID- 1093952
TI  - The normal colonic bacterial flora.

PMID- 1093954
TI  - [Measurement of left ventricular function by quantitative cineangiography].

PMID- 1093955
TI  - [Shock].

PMID- 1093953
TI  - Absorption and secretion by the colon.

PMID- 1093956
TI  - [Ophthalmology in the Talmudic period. III. Diseases of the eyebrows and
      eyelids].

PMID- 1093957
TI  - Professor dr. med. Tadeusz Wasilewski (1906-1974). Obituary.

PMID- 1093958
TI  - Mitochondria and Golgi apparatus in olfactory epithelium and olfactory glands of
      Bowman in reptiles.

PMID- 1093959
TI  - Polish histology and histochemistry in the 30 years since the war (1944-1974).

PMID- 1093960
TI  - [Effects of 5-(3-tert-butylamino-2-hydroxy) propoxy-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril
      hydrochloride(OPC-1085) on coronary circulation and myocardial metabolism].
AB  - Effects of a new beta-adrenergic blocking agent, 5-(3-tert-butylamino-2-hydroxy)
      propoxy-3,4-dihydrocarbostyril hydrochloride (OPC-1085), on the coronary
      circulation  and myocardial metabolism were investigated in anesthetized open
      chest dogs and isolated perfused dog hearts. In anesthetized open-chest dogs, OPC
      1085 antagonized the responses to isoproterenol of heart rate, Vmax, mean blood
      pressure, myocardial oxygen consumption, coronary blood flow and redox potential.
      The antagonistic potency of OPC-1085 was stronger than propranolol. OPC-1085 3 to
      30 mug/kg caused appreciable decreases, but in doses of 100 to 1,000 mug/kg
      caused increases in heart rate and Vmax. The effect of OPC-1085 on max dp/dt was
      similar to that on Vmax. However, propranolol 3 to 3,000 mu-g/kg caused only
      decreases in heart rate, Vmax and max dp/dt. OPC-1085 3,10 mu-g/kg while
      propranolol 30, 100 mu-g/kg caused a fall in myocardial oxygen consumption and
      coronary blood flow. In isolated perfused hearts, intracoronary injection of OPC
      1085 0.1 mg almost completely suppressed isoproterenol-induced augmentation of
      heart rate, myocardial contractile force and coronary blood flow and reduction of
      redox potential. OPC-1085 0.1 mg caused slight increases in heart rate,
      myocardial contractile force and myocardial oxygen consumption. It is concluded
      that OPC-1085 is a more potent beta-adrenergic blocking agent than propranolol
      and possesses a weak negative inotropic effect in doses of 3 to 30 mu-g/kg and a
      intrinsic sympathomimetic activity in doses of 100 to 1,000 mu-g/kg.

PMID- 1093961
TI  - [Demonstration of Migration Inhibition Factor (MIF) Porustion in NZB mice using
      DNA as antigen].

PMID- 1093962
TI  - [50th birthday of Jaroslav Benda, M.D.,C.Sc., President of the Czech Physiatric
      Society].

PMID- 1093963
TI  - [60th birthday of Ivo Pavlik, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1093964
TI  - Utilization of microbiologic data.

PMID- 1093965
TI  - Protein mapping by combined isoelectric focusing and electrophoresis of mouse
      tissues. A novel approach to testing for induced point mutations in mammals.
AB  - The protein-mapping method which combines isoelectric focusing in acrylamide gel
      and gel electrophoresis was previously used mainly for the separation of plant
      proteins and human serum proteins. We investigated with this technique soluble
      proteins of mouse tissues (whole embryos, the liver of fetal and adult mice,
      kidneys) and the proteins of mouse serum. The technique was tested under a number
      of different conditions to find those best for our purpose; they may represent
      some general improvements in the method. The protein patterns show high
      resolution and excellent reproducibility. About 275 spots were found for fetal
      liver, about 230 for whole embryos (day 14 p.c.) and about 100 for serum. The
      fact that a high number of protein spots can be evaluated by a single and
      comparatively simple experiment suggests that this method may be useful as an
      assay system for induced point mutations. The protein patterns demonstrated are
      compared and discgs of dominant lethal examinations after acute and subacute
      application of these three substances.

PMID- 1093966
TI  - Experimental Escherichia coli O6 pyelonephritis in rabbits. Effect on O6 antibody
      quantity and avidity of prior immunization with E. coli O2 bacteria.
AB  - Haematogenous pyelonephritis was induced in rabbits using Escherichia coli
      06:K13:H1 bacteria and the amounts and avidities of antibodies to the 06 antigen
      were analysed by the ammonium sulphate precipitation technique of Farr. In a
      group of six animals preimmunized with E. coli 02:K2ab:H1, five developed
      pyelonephritis and one pyelitis, as determined by histological examination. All
      aminals showed a considerable antibody response to E. coli 06 antigen during the
      infection. The animal with pyelitis gave a slightly smaller response than the
      others. The antibody avidity showed a pronounced variation. In a second group of
      six rabbits not preimmunized, five animals developed pyelonephritis. The titres
      of antibodies against E. coli 06 antigen increased during the infection inall of
      the six animals. However, the increase was significantly smaller than for the
      animals preimmunized with E. coli 02:K2ab:H1 (P smaller than 0.01). The pattern
      of the antibody avidities in this group was also heterogenous. The results are
      consistent with previous findings that exposure to serologically heterologous E.
      coli bacteria can enhance the development of the homologous antibody titres. This
      could be of relevance for serological diagnostic work as well as in the
      determination of the protective capacity of the antibody.

PMID- 1093967
TI  - Age-related decline in the antibody response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide in New
      Zealand Black mice.
AB  - A thymus-independent immune function in ageing NZB and BALB/c mice was compared
      by measuring the antibody response to E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Since it
      was found that 10-13 month-old NZB mice was particularly sensitive to LPS, this
      antigen had to be detoxified by alkali treatment. The anti-LPS splenic plaque
      forming cell (PFC) response of NZB mice decreases with age and was lower than
      that of BALB/c mice in all age groups studied. The response of 4- and 10-month
      old NZB mice showed an irregular time course and a number of mice showed no
      response. The present results indicate that, besides an impairment of T-cell
      functions, an impairment on the B-cell level must also be considered in ageing
      NZB mice.

PMID- 1093968
TI  - Leucoagglutination and cytotoxicity of the serum of infected mice and of extracts
      of Trichinella spiralis larvae and the capacity of infected mouse sera to prolong
      skin allografts.
AB  - The sera of mice infected with the nematode Trichinella spiralis agglutinate and
      kill homologous lymphoid cells in vitro. The agglutinating activity is present in
      the sera of infected animals on the 7th day following inoculation with the
      parasite, rises to a maximum on the 30th day of the infection and then decreases.
      The leucoagglutinating titre of these sera is related neither to the level of the
      inoculating dose of parasites nor to the intensity of muscle infection. The
      agglutinating and leucotoxic activity of the sera of infected mice is probably
      due to the same factor(s), but target cells require sensitization before
      cytotoxicity becomes apparent. Skin allografts were prolonged in infected animals
      or in animals treated with the serum of infected animals. Saline extracts of T.
      spiralis larvae also have leucoagglutinating and leucotoxic activity.

PMID- 1093969
TI  - The effect of lysozyme on the complement-dependent bactericidal action of
      different antibody classes.
AB  - Preparations of rabbit, dog and sheep IgA, IgA and IgM were examined for their
      antibacterial effects using a complement-dependent bactericidal assay. IgM and
      IgG were efficient bactericidal antibodies in the presence of complement; IgA,
      however, contained negligible activity. Except for sheep IgG no enhancement of
      bactericidal activity was observed in the presence of added lysozyme.

PMID- 1093970
TI  - Use of the defined antigen substrate spheres system as a model for analysing
      possible mechanisms of inhibition-blockade of anti-tumour lymphocytotoxicity.
AB  - The defined antigen substrate spheres (DASS) system was employed for analysing
      reactions between solid state antibody or antigen and soluble immune complexes.
      Sepharose beads covalently coupled with ovalbumin were used to represent tumour
      cells and beads coupled with antibody against ovalbumin were used to represent
      anti-tumour lymphocytes; the ovalbumin and corresponding antibody simulated
      tumour-derived antigen and antibody to tumour respectively. Binding of soluble
      complexes to the beads was measured by fluorimetry and/or radiometry of
      fluorescein or 125-I-labelled ovalbumin or antibody. Antigen-antibody complexes
      in antibody excess bound less effectively to the antibody beads than antigen
      alone, but complexes in slight or moderate antigen excess bound more effectively.
      Complexes in antibody excess were most effective in the complex before levelling
      off and then decreased in extreme antibody excess. The model demonstration of
      augmentation by antibody of antigen binding to solid state antibody might by
      analogy reflect a mechanism of inhibition of lymphocyte cytotoxicity. Complexes
      in a wide range of antibody excess should also be effective in blocking
      lymphocytotoxicity at the target cell level.

PMID- 1093971
TI  - In vitro synthesis of lysozyme by human and mouse tissues and leucocytes.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that lysozyme can be detected in many body fluids, in
      extracts of tissues, and also in granulocytes, monocytes and macrophages.
      However, the sites of synthesis of lysozyme have not been defined. In the present
      report, the synthesis of lysozyme by tissues, and by defined cell populations
      cultured in vitro has been studied by detecting the incorporation of 14-C
      labelled amino acids into lysozyme. This method detects only lysozyme newly
      synthesized during the incubation of the specimen and therefore shows
      unequivocally which tissues and cell types are capable of lysozyme synthesis. The
      validity of the method has been shown by parallel studies using an independent
      method to detect lysozyme production in vitro. In studies in humans and mice,
      lysozyme synthesis has been demonstrated in the mucosa of the respiratory and
      gastrointestinal tracts, and in lymphoid organs. In studies of defined cell
      populations, monocytes and macrophages (mononuclear phagocytes) have been shown
      to synthesize lysozyme. Granulocytes from peripheral blood contain lysozyme but
      do not synthesize it, and lymphocytes neither contain nor synthesize lysozyme.
      The present findings provide further evidence that lysozyme has an important role
      in the defence of the host against micro-organisms, and the findings suggest that
      lysozyme may reach its target by several routes. At an intracellular level it is
      delivered from lysosomes into the phagocytic granules of granulocytes and
      macrophages. Local synthesis of the mucous membranes contributes lysozyme to
      secretions. Synthesis and secretion by mononuclear phagocytes which reach a
      tissue in response to an inflammatory stimulus contribute lysozyme to the
      exudate, and the release of lysozyme from breakdown of granulocytes has the same
      effect.

PMID- 1093972
TI  - Inhibition of T-cell differentiation by an antibody to a soluble thymic factor.
AB  - An antiserum to chicken soluble thymic factor (STF) was prepared in rabbits and
      absorbed with chicken thymocytes until it reacted only with thymic
      reticuloepithelial cells. When injected into 6-day-old embryonated eggs, this
      antiserum caused a severe depletion of small lymphocytes in the cortical region
      of the thymus which was filled with large undifferentiated cells. In addition,
      reticuloepithelial cells displayed a marked disruption of cytoplasmic elements.
      The percentage of thymic lymphocytes bearing the T antigen was greatly reduced.
      It is believed that a factor responsible for differentiation of stem cells into T
      cells has been inhibited.

PMID- 1093974
TI  - Binding of aggregated human immunoglobulin to murine thymocytes and T cells
      through receptors for the Fc region.
AB  - Normal thymus lymphocytes and T cells of mice have the ability to bind heat
      aggregated IgG of human origin (aggHIgG), as shown by indirect
      immunofluorescence. At 4 degrees, the cells bind aggHIgG with an irregular
      speckled appearance; at 37 degrees, the aggregates are incorporated into the
      surface membrane, inducing rearrangement of the receptors and capping. At the
      point of maximum binding capacity, thymocytes show a fairly homogeneous
      fluorescence pattern, whereas T cells show a heterogeneous appearance. Aggregated
      pure human Fc fragments, but not Fab fragments, retained not only the binding
      capacity of the complete molecule but also the ability to induce cap formation on
      the surface of thymusceds, at 37 degrees.

PMID- 1093973
TI  - T cell-dependent mediator and B-cell clones.
AB  - Supernatants were collected from keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) primed spleen
      cells which had been incubated in tissue culture medium with their priming
      antigen KLH. These non-specific factor (NSF) containing supernatants were then
      tested in a microculture system for their ability to facilitate an anti-SRBC
      response of nu/nu or AT times BM spleen cells. It was concluded that:(a) NSF was
      able to engage a large number of the available pool of sheep erythrocyte (SRBC)
      specific B cells into an antibody response (b) this response was characterized by
      the development of clones expressing plaque-forming cells (PFC), the number of
      PFC produced within a clone being dependent upon the amount of NSF available in
      that culture; (c) NSF probably acted directly on B cells, and not via other
      accessory cell types.

PMID- 1093976
TI  - Purified antibodies to collagen: an immunofluorescence study of their reaction
      with tissue collagen.
AB  - Antibodies to soluble calf or rat skin collagen were purified by appropriate
      immunoadsorption and separated into three subfractions directed either to
      antigenic sites on unfolded alpha-chains (denatured collagen), to nonhelical
      sites, or to helical sites exposed on the triple helical molecule. In indirect
      immunofluorescence tests each of the antibody solutions reacted with collagen of
      skin and kidney tissue, although the latter two antibody solutions appeared to be
      more active. Distinct activity was also observed with antibodies to the N
      terminal antigenic determinant of rat skin collagen alpha2-chain, a structure
      usually involved in cross-linking. Indirect immunofluorescence tests with anti
      collagen sera on sections of skin resulted in the staining of the whole dermis,
      while anti-procollagen sera revealed binding only to the uppermost subepithelial
      layer of the dermis (stratum papillare). On kidney sections only the interstitial
      connective tissue reacted with purified anti-collagen or anti-procollagen sera.
      Both skin and glomerular basement membranes remained unstained with either kind
      of purified antibodies. However, antisera not subjected to immunoadsorption do
      react with the glomerular basement membrane. Antibodies to noncollagenous
      contaminants are considered to be responsible for this finding which emphasizes
      the necessity to use purified antibodies exclusively for this type of
      immunofluorescence analysis.

PMID- 1093975
TI  - Immune response in aged and young subjects, following administration of large
      doses of tuberculin.
AB  - Different parameters of the immunologic response have been studied in young and
      aged subjects before, during and after administration of increasing doses of
      tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD). In both age groups, a considerable
      increase in skin reaction was observed with the progression of antigen
      administration. This is particularly striking among old subjects, who before the
      treatment had either no reaction to tuberculin or a very weak one. Increased
      production of circulating antibodies to tuberculin was also consistently
      observed. The treatment resulted, especially in the old patients, in an increase
      in the lymphocyte sensitivity to phytohemagglutinin. The production of migration
      inhibitory factors was studied with lymphocytes from 6 treated subjects, in all
      cases this production was of the same degree as the one obtained from lymphocytes
      of PPD-positive untreated subjects. Lymphocyte cultures done during the treatment
      showed an absence of response in the presence of tuberculin, and in young
      patients only a slight increase in the spontaneous synthesis of desoxyribonucleic
      acid in the absence of tuberculin. These results demonstrate that in old people
      the depression of cellular immunity seems to be small. Adequate and prolonged
      antigenic stimuli are able to reactivate to approximately normal levels many
      features of this altered function.

PMID- 1093977
TI  - Changes for Bicetre and its elderly residents: the paradox of progress.
AB  - Recent changes at Bicetre, the historic French institution, exemplify an old
      paradox in the care of the elderly: improvements which benefit part of a society
      can mean more misfortunes for others.  The effect of relocation of its elderly
      residents to make way for renovations poses important questions of priorities in
      societal values.

PMID- 1093978
TI  - In the beginning...international journal of group psychotherapy.

PMID- 1093979
TI  - Reflections on 25 years of the International Journal of Group Psychotherapy.

PMID- 1093980
TI  - A soft-hearted review of hard-nosed research on groups.

PMID- 1093981
TI  - The Immunology of photocontact dermatitis.

PMID- 1093982
TI  - Chemotherapy in Leprosy.

PMID- 1093983
TI  - Spread of Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. gran. infection to man.
AB  - The occurrence of T. mentagrophytes var. gran. infection of small mammals in
      their natural habitat was studied. The most common host of the exoanthropic
      mammals was Clethrionomys glareolus (bank vole); the next most common hosts were
      hemisynanthropes Sorex araneus (common shrew) and eusynathropes Mus musculus
      (common mouse). Occurrence of infection increased during the winter months.
      Because small mammals gather in farm outbuilding during cold weather, man is more
      likely to be exposed to infection from them during this time. Infection from T.
      mentagrophytes var. gan. is more likely to occur among agricultural workers than
      among others. The type of work influences the location of skin infection.

PMID- 1093985
TI  - Strong swimmers on a full sea: Part 1.

PMID- 1093984
TI  - Clinical evaluation of desoximetasone in treatment of dermatoses and psoriasis.
AB  - A comparative clinical evaluation of desoximetasone, a corticosterone derivative
      by a double blind study showed that desoximetasone has potent topical activity as
      effective as betamethasone valerate and probably more effective than
      triamcinolone acetonide.

PMID- 1093986
TI  - Studies of the mechanisms of radiosensitization of bacterial and mammalian cells
      by Diamide.
AB  - Diamide sensitizes bacterial and mammalian cells to radiation by at least two
      mechanisms. Sensitization of V79-GL1 Chinese Hamster cells is due mainly to a
      reduction of a reduction of the survival-curve shoulder, is observed both in
      oxygen and in hypoxia,and is additive to the sensitization of hypoxic cells by
      some nitroimidazoles. In contrast, sensitization of the radioresistant organism,
      Micrococcus sodonensis, which has apronounced shoulder, is entirely dose
      modifying. In a rapid-mix study using Serratia marcescens, two mechanisms of
      sensitization have been identified. After 4 to 40 msec preirradiation contact
      with Daimide, the enhancement ratio is constant at 1.6; after 10min contact, it
      is 2.5. With V79-GL1 cells, no sensitization occurs in the short-time-range;
      likewise non is seen when Diamide is added to bacteria or mammalian cells 4 msec
      after irradiation. It is concluded that Diamide sensitizes by at least two
      mechanisms, one of which resembles that of the electron-affinic type.

PMID- 1093987
TI  - Letter: Radiation damage to membrane-bound sulphydryl groups and permeability of
      yeast cells.

PMID- 1093988
TI  - The attachment of the bacterial chromosome to the cell membrane.

PMID- 1093989
TI  - Immunohistochemical demonstration of neurophysin in the
      hypothalamoneurohypophysial system.

PMID- 1093990
TI  - The visual system of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus.

PMID- 1093991
TI  - [Recent assumptions in conservative and surgical therapy of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1093992
TI  - [Treatment of poisonings using dialysis].

PMID- 1093993
TI  - [Current viewpoints in alkylphosphate poisoning. Biochemical findings, symptoms
      and therapy].

PMID- 1093994
TI  - [Editorial: intensive therapy of poisonings, shock lung and acute necrotizing
      pancreatitis].

PMID- 1093995
TI  - [Pulmonary shock. Pathogenetic conceptions and therapeutic possibilities].

PMID- 1093996
TI  - [Managing the water-electrolyte balance in intensive therapy].

PMID- 1093997
TI  - [Metabolic crises].

PMID- 1093998
TI  - Observations in the use of a temporary haemostatic (Malament) suture in
      transvesical prostatectomy--preliminary report.

PMID- 1093999
TI  - An historical overview. Behavior modification in total institutions.

PMID- 1094000
TI  - Postoperative monitoring following critical trauma.
AB  - This review has focused on several aspects of monitoring post-injury patients. A
      few of the more commonly used monitoring devices have been discussed to emphasize
      that their use carries some risk and, as such, proper indications, based on the
      benefit to be achieved, must be available before they are used. Guidelines for
      the safe use of these devices have been outlined. The postoperative injury
      patient is at risk for developing certain complications as a result of the
      magnitude of injury. This review has dealt with respiratory insufficiency, renal
      insufficiency, and stress ulceration. Guidelines have been presented to aid in
      the prevention, early diagnosis, and management of these problems.

PMID- 1094002
TI  - American association of critical-care nurses.

PMID- 1094003
TI  - Current literature related to health education.

PMID- 1094001
TI  - A brief history of coronary arterial surgery.

PMID- 1094004
TI  - Health education in the Extension Service: a historical perspective.

PMID- 1094005
TI  - [Study of liver preservation in dogs with orthoptic homologous transplantation].

PMID- 1094006
TI  - [Transplantation results 2 years after implantation of 2 child- kidneys en block
      with the aorta and vena cava in an adult].

PMID- 1094007
TI  - [Successful treatment of ureteral insufficiency after kidney transplantation in 2
      patients].

PMID- 1094008
TI  - [Kidney preservation in vitro for 2 days. Results obtained with a simple technic
      and a hyperosmotic liquid].

PMID- 1094010
TI  - [Principles in the restoration of soft tissue damage of the face].

PMID- 1094009
TI  - [Intracutaneous skin suture with absorpable suture material and countersunk
      endings].

PMID- 1094011
TI  - [Portal hypertension].

PMID- 1094012
TI  - [Treatment of portal hypertension].

PMID- 1094013
TI  - Generalized contagious ecthyma in a sheep rancher: diagnostic considerations.

PMID- 1094014
TI  - Mineral interrelationships in ovine nutrition.

PMID- 1094015
TI  - The role of silages, feed additives, and less common feed substances in ovine
      nutrition.

PMID- 1094016
TI  - Bone induction in implants of decalcified bone and dentine.
AB  - The fate of decalcified bone and dentine implanted in muscle and beneath the
      kidney capsule has been studied in young rats. Quantitatively speaking there was
      a great deal of variation, but in general the implants became surrounded and
      invaded by young vascular connective tissue; then tunnels were eroded and
      cavities enlarged by multi-nucleated giant cells; then the matrix around erosion
      chambers became recalcified; and finally new bone was induced on the eroded
      recalcified surfaces. Erosion was much more extensive, and bone was much more
      readily induced in the intramuscular than in the subcapsular implants. It is
      concluded that the presence of an eroded, recalcified surface is a pre-requisite
      for bone induction under these conditions.

PMID- 1094017
TI  - In memoriam. Sir Francis Knowles.

PMID- 1094018
TI  - Proceedings: Modification of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.

PMID- 1094019
TI  - Proceedings: Modification of E. coli RNA polymerase induced by T4 phage
      infection.

PMID- 1094020
TI  - Tropomyosin antibody: the specific localization of tropomyosin in nonmuscle
      cells.
AB  - An antibody against purified chicken skeletal muscle tropomyosin is used in
      indirect immunofluorescence to visualize the localization of tropomyosin in a
      variety of nonmuscle cells. The antibody produces a fluorescent pattern which is
      very similar to that obtained with an actin-specific antibody. This pattern is
      composed of fluorescent fibers which are shown to be coincident with the fibers
      seen with phase-contrast optics. High resolution epifluorescent microscopy
      reveals that fibers stained with the actin antibody show a continuous
      fluorescence, while fibers reacted with the tropomyosin antibody show a periodic
      fluorescence. Measurements indicate that the lengths of the fluorescent segments
      are variable with an average of 1.2 mum while the spacing between segments is
      approximately 0.4 mum.

PMID- 1094021
TI  - A new miniature hydrostatic pressure chamber for microscopy. Strain-free optical
      glass windows facilitate phase-contrast and polarized-light microscopy of living
      cells. Optional fixture permits simultaneous control of pressure and temperature.
AB  - This paper describes the development of a miniature, temperature-controlled,
      stainless steel pressure chamber which uses strain-free optical glass for
      windows. It is directly adaptable to standard phase-contrast and polarized-light
      microscopes and requires a minimum amount of equipment to generate and measure
      pressure. Birefringence retardation (BR) og 0.1 nm up to 3,000 psi, 0.4 nm up to
      5,000 psi and 1.0 nm up to 10,000 psi can be detected over a 0.75-mm central
      field with two strain-free Leitz 20 times UM objectives, one used as a condenser.
      In phase-contrast studies a Nikon DML 40 times phase objective and Zeiss model IS
      long working-distance phase condenser were used, with little deterioration of
      image quality or contrast at pressures as high as 12,000 psi. The actual design
      process required a synthesis of various criteria which may be categorized under
      four main areas of consideration: (a) specimen physiology; (b) constraints
      imposed by available optical equipment and standard microscope systems; (c)
      mechanical strength and methods for generating pressure; and (d) optical
      requirements of the chamber windows. Procedures for using the chambers, as well
      as methods for shifting and controlling the temperature within the chamber, are
      included.

PMID- 1094023
TI  - Lyman Elwood Francis.

PMID- 1094024
TI  - The treatment of patients with temporomandibular joint pain dysfunction syndrome.

PMID- 1094025
TI  - Production of a comprehensive research directory from multiple secondary sources.
AB  - Printed, automated, and manually maintained sources of information about cancer
      research and control activities were identified. Data were consolidated into an
      automated file to characterize the organizations active in such work and to
      identify individual projects and scientists. A computer-formatted directory was
      produced, with access via geographic location, personal name, organizational
      name, and keyword.

PMID- 1094026
TI  - Biosynthesis of terpenes and steroids. X. The sterols of some yeast mutants
      doubly defective in ergosterol biosynthesis.

PMID- 1094027
TI  - Chromatographic hydrophobic parameters in correlation analysis of structure
      activity relationships.
AB  - The use of RM and delta RM parameters as indices of hydrophobicity for inclusion
      in quantitative structure activity relationships has been studied. The
      relationship between these parameters and other free-energy related parameters is
      illustrated theoretically and experimentally. It is suggested that the
      chromatographically obtained parameters could find a wider applicability in
      structure-activity relationships, and that their use would result in improved
      correlation of data.

PMID- 1094028
TI  - Chromatographic analysis of fungicides.
AB  - The separation and analysis of a wide range of fungicides, by gas, liquid,
      column, paper, and thin-layer chromatography have been reviewed. Major attention
      has been given to methods for the identification and quantitation of individual
      and multiresidues of fungicides in environmental and agricultural samples.

PMID- 1094029
TI  - Myotonia dystrophica: Studies on gonadal function using luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LRH).
AB  - Eight men and four women with myotonia dystrophica were investigated. The
      gonadotropin responses to 100 mug luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH)
      were studied, and serum testosterone assayed. In the men with testicular atrophy
      a high basal follicle stimulating hormone was found with an exaggerated response
      to LRH. Although the mean basal luteinizing hormone was not significantly
      elevated, there was an excessive response to LRH, which was possibly conditioned
      by the lower mean testoerone levels in this group. This study provides
      biochemical indices of both the primary nature of the testicular damage and the
      disproportionately greater involvement of the seminiferous tubules. The pituitary
      gonadal axis was normal in the women.

PMID- 1094030
TI  - Human pituitary gonadotropin index. I. Standardized LRH test criteria for
      evaluation of functional amenorrhea.
AB  - LRH test were carried out by giving 339 amenorrheic women and 74 normally
      menstruating volunteers an intravenous injection of 25 mug LRH (Hoe 471). Plasma
      LH and FSH were measured by RIA in two laboratories (Tuebingen and Ulm) using two
      standard reference preparations: LER 907 and 2nd IRP-HMG. The average conversion
      factors between the two standard preparations were calculated at 5.0 for LH and
      25.0 for FSH. Furthermore, the estradiol-17beta levels were measured in 139 out
      of the 339 patients immediately before and 60 minutes after LRH injection. Taking
      the episodic and cyclic plasma gonadotropin fluctuations into consideration a
      shorthand system classifying the gonadotropin baseline (BI-BIV) and LH responses
      to 25 mug LRH (R0-R2) has been established and is referred to as Human Pituitary
      Gonadotropin Index (HPGI). It is possible to achieve reproducible gonadotropin
      results in two different laboratories using two different standard reference
      preparations. Two separate, randomly selected groups of amenorrheic women were
      found to have the same percent distribution of the HPGI. A correlation
      coefficient of r equal 0.67 between basal and LRH stimulated plasma LH levels
      does not sufficiently characterize the individual LH response behavior. A
      significant increase of plasma LH and FSH within the test period (60') reveals
      that the iv administration of 25 mug LRH represents an adequate dose for the LRH
      test in women. The HPGI which characterizes the functional state of gonadostat,
      may become a useful diagnostic index for evaluating women with anovulatory
      disease before, during, and after therapy.

PMID- 1094031
TI  - Thorne's theory: hypothesis testing and the diagnosis of personality states.

PMID- 1094032
TI  - A comparison of three methods to record TAT protocols.

PMID- 1094033
TI  - Experimental gingivitis in young and elderly individuals.
AB  - The development of experimental gingivitis was studied in young elderly humans
      during a 21-d period of oral hygiene abstention. The state of the gingiva was
      assessed by the Gingival Index and by measurements of the amount of gingival
      exudate on filter paper strips placed at the entrance of the gingival sulcus of
      the lower lateral incisors and cuspids. Soft deposits were assessed by the Plaque
      Index and by differential counts of microorganisms in gram stained smears od ento
      gingival plaque. At the end of the plaque growth period, the patients were given
      a thorough dental prophylaxis. Gingival condition and plaque were assessed at
      regular intervals during a subsequent period of controlled oral hygiene. The
      development of gingivitis during the oral hygiene abstention period was more
      rapid and more severe in old than in young individuals. Plaque accumulation was
      greater in the older persons. A definite difference in plaque consistency was
      alos observed. However, microscopic counts of various types of microorganisms did
      not reveal any differences throughout the period of plaque accumulation. When
      active oral hygiene was reinstituted, the state of the gingiva rapidly returned
      to pre-experimental levels in both groups. The findings of this study indicate
      that with age ther is an altered host response to the microorganisms of the
      plaque.

PMID- 1094034
TI  - Inhibitory effect of benzethonium and zinc chloride mouthrinses on human dental
      plaque and gingivitis.
AB  - In a double-blind study the plaque- and gingivitis-inhibiting capacities of three
      aqueous mouthrinse solutions of benzethonium chloride, zinc chloride, and
      benzethonium chloride combined with zinc chloride were compared to those of a
      placebo mouthrinse. Forth-three adults with clean teeth and healthy gingiva were
      randomly assigned to the treatment and control groups. All participants received
      an initial prophylaxis. Assessments of plaque and gingivitis were made before and
      after a 10-day test period. During this time the subjects suspended oral hygiene
      procedures and rinsed daily with 20 ml of their respective rinse solutions.
      According to the measurements made before and after the test period, the
      mouthrinse containing benzethonium chloride produced 42 to 42.9% less plaque than
      any of the other three formulations. The differences were statistically
      significant ( P smaller than 0.05). Gingivitis scores of the four groups did not
      differ significantly. These findings indicate that benzethonium chloride is a
      moderately effective antiplaque agent.

PMID- 1094035
TI  - Effect of professional tooth cleaning on healing after periodontal surgery.
AB  - The investigation was undertaken to find out whether favourable conditions for
      healing after periodontal surgery would develop in patients whose oral hygiene
      was professionally maintained at a high standard. The study was performed on 20
      patients with advanced periodontal disease. Following an initial examination,
      comprising plaque index and gingival index scoring, measurement of pocket depths
      and loss of attachment, the patients were randomly distributed between a test and
      a control group. The patients first received professional cleaning of the teeth
      once every 2 weeks. The patients of the control group were recalled for scaling
      of the teeth once every 6 months. All patients were reexamined after 6, 12 and 24
      months. It was found that the control patients were unable to maintain a high
      standard of oral hygiene with the result that the treatment of the periodontal
      disease failed. The patients of the test group maintained a high standard of oral
      hygiene, and the treatment of the periodontal disease was, therefore, successful.

PMID- 1094036
TI  - A comparative clinical study of three periodontal surgical techniques.
AB  - A comparative 4-month trial was performed after initial preparation. The
      procedures used were curettage, replaced flap and apically repositioned flap
      procedures with osseous recontouring respectively in a split-mouth technique in
      17 male and 23 female patients, 22 to 65 years old. Changes were assessed with
      plaque and gingival indices, and measurements of pocket depths, attachment levels
      and tissue contours. All procedures reduced pocket depths. Apically repositioned
      flaps were the most successful, reducing overall mean pockets from 3.5 to 1.9 mm.
      Changes in attachment levels post-operatively showed only a small degree of
      variation among the three surgical procedures, and would not affect the choice of
      the apically repositioned flap as the most effective method for pocket reduction.
      A marked improvement in tissue contour was obtained in those areas treated by
      apically repositioned flap procedures and osseous recontouring. Despite failure
      to improve tissue contour, replaced flap procedures showed an equal degree of
      success in maintaining plaque control when compared to apically repositioned
      flaps, as evidenced by static plaque indices. Replaced flap procedures were also
      the only group to show improved gingival health over the 4-month post-operative
      period with lower gingival indexes. It would seem that good healing, followed by
      a high standard of oral hygiene, may overcome the presence of gingival and
      marginal osseous deformities.

PMID- 1094037
TI  - Pharmacokinetic data and drug monitoring: I. Antibiotics and antiarrhythmics.

PMID- 1094038
TI  - Results of a one-year trial of tolmetin in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The safety and effectiveness of tolmetin was assessed in ten patients with active
      rheumatoid arthritis for 12 months. All patients met the requirements of the
      American Rheumatism Association's diagnostic criteria for definite rheumatoid
      arthritis. None of the patients had received gold, antimalarials, or
      glucocorticoids. All had been stabilized, more or less, with aspirin. Monthly
      measurements were made of grip strength, duration of morning stiffness, time to
      the onset of fatigue, Westergren sedimentation rates, the number of swollen
      joints, number of hot joints, the time to walk 50 feet, and the circumference of
      proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints (measured in millimeters with a plastic
      loop arthrocircameter). The initial dosage of tolmetin in all patients was 600 mg
      a day, given orally in three divided doses. Upon completion of the study, the
      average daily oral dosage was 1400 mg tolmetin. No other antiinflammatory drugs
      were allowed. The results indicate that tolmetin affords symptomatic relief of
      rheumatoid arthritis; its use results in global improvement in 80 per cent of the
      patients, and a net improvement in one or more of the parameters used to assess
      disease activity in 100 per cent of the patients; it seems to be sufficiently
      safe to administer to patients over a long period of time; there was no evidence
      of severe toxicity of any kind; gastrointestinal side effects were uncommon, and
      epigastric distress, in particular, was not observed.

PMID- 1094039
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of the subarachnoid space in the dog. III. Cranial
      levels.
AB  - Young dogs were anesthetized by intrathoracic injection of sodium pentobarbital
      and perfused with buffered aldehydes. Lining tissue samples from the cranial
      subarachnoid space were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) by
      postfixing in buffered OSO4. Samples were then dehydrated, dried in a Critical
      Point Drying System, and coated with carbon and palladium-gold. Specimens were
      viewed in a Cambridge S4 scanning electron microscope. After thorough scanning,
      selected samples were routinely prepared for transmission electron microscopy
      (TEM) and viewed in a Philips EM-200 transmission electron microscope. This study
      depicts the surface morphology of the meningeal linings of the cranial
      subarachnoid space. The cranial pia mater possesses natural gaps or fenestrations
      between cells. SEM reveals a more complex morphology of arachnoid trabeculae than
      previously interpreted from light and transmission electron microscopy. Many free
      cells are observed on the meningeal linings of the subarachnoid space. The
      present study establishes that these free cells are macrophages by means of
      definitive TEM correlates. Microvillous-like processes extending between
      macrophages and the pial surface are present. The frequency and the nature of
      these thin processes suggest the possibility of a plasmalemma-mediated system of
      communication.

PMID- 1094040
TI  - The restoration of hypoplastic anterior teeth using an acid-etched technique.

PMID- 1094041
TI  - The self-cleansing ability of spring cantilever connectors.

PMID- 1094042
TI  - Enamel: morphological considerations.

PMID- 1094043
TI  - Reactions of dentin and pulp to drugs and restorative materials.

PMID- 1094044
TI  - Structural requirements for bone resorption by endotoxin and lipoteichoic acid.

PMID- 1094045
TI  - [History of physiology in the Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 1094046
TI  - [Use of the contact microscope for determining the degree of tissue damage].

PMID- 1094047
TI  - Bromide residues in apples fumigated with ethylene dibromide.

PMID- 1094048
TI  - Specific interactions of linoleic acid hydroperoxides and their secondary
      degraded products with enzyme proteins.

PMID- 1094049
TI  - Effect of auxins and herbicides on enhancement of protein synthesis in fungi.

PMID- 1094051
TI  - Midification of a nitrous oxide sedation apparatus to provide capability for
      intermittent positive pressure ventilation.

PMID- 1094050
TI  - Cements for permanent luting: a summarizing review.
AB  - Three cement systems are favored for permanent luting of cast restorations. These
      include zinc phosphate, reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol, and polycarboxylate
      cements. Although others have been used in the past and new luting media are
      anticipated for the future, the status of currently used cement for luting is
      based mainly on the results of laboratory research and on clinical experience.
      Zinc phosphate cement, with an impressive 100-year history, currently holds the
      advantage. Future comprehensive clinical studies, correlated with results of
      physical and biological testing, may eventually direct the clinican's preference
      to another, newer material. It is hoped that properties and strength values that
      are clinically significant also will be identified, so that laboratory tests can
      be more predictive of clinical success.

PMID- 1094052
TI  - Letter: Trimming curriculum 'fat'.

PMID- 1094053
TI  - Editorial: Foresight and commitment.

PMID- 1094054
TI  - Abnormalities in cell-mediated immunity in patients with Cryptococcus neoformans
      infection.
AB  - Cryptococcin, streptokinase-streptodornase (SK-SD), mumps, and purified protein
      derivative (PPD) were used for skin testing and, with whole killed Cryptococcus
      neoformans, were used in migration inhibition and lymphocyte transformation
      assays of control subjects and patients with past or present disseminated C.
      neoformans infection. Cryptococcin was found to differentiate control subjects
      grouped by known Cryptococcus exposure. Cryptococcin and C. neoformans were
      effective in stimulating leukocyte migration inhibition and lymphocyte
      transformation in the cryptococcin skin test-positive control subjects. Fifteen
      apparently normal patients who had been cured of cryptococcosis were found, as a
      group, to have impaired responsiveness to skin testing with cryptococcin and
      mumps, minimal leukocyte migration inhibition when stimulated with cryptococcin
      or C. neoformans, but normal group responses to cryptococcin in  Cryptococcus
      induced lymphocyte transformation. Six patients with known predisposing
      conditions to disseminated infection (sarcoid, lymphoma, leukemia, steroid
      therapy) had markedly diminished responses to most skin tests and in vitro
      assays. It is suggested that the apparently normal individual who develops
      disseminated cryptococcal infection has subtle defects in cellular immunity that
      may have antedated and predisposed to infection.

PMID- 1094055
TI  - Primary interaction between antibody and components of Alternaria. II. Antibodies
      in sera from normal, allergic, and immunoglobulin-deficient children.
AB  - Antibodies in sera from normal, allergic, and immunoglobulin-deficient children
      were studied for binding to radiolabeled components of Alternaria tenuis.
      Significant binding levels were found in 103 of 105 sera from normal children.
      The levels were age-dependent, rising from a low point in the 7- to 12-month age
      group to adult levels by the age of 8 years. Levels of binding to two antigens, a
      culture filtrate derivative (125I-CLF) and a mycelial derivative (125-I-HS), were
      similar. Sera from asthmatic children with strong immediate skin test reactions
      to Alternaria extracts bound significantly higher levels of 125-I-CLF than did
      sera from allergic children with negative skin tests or from control children.
      Binding levels in sera from children with hypogammaglobulinemia were
      significantly less than binding levels in sera from normal children in any age
      group. Sera from children with selective IgA  deficiency bound 125-I-CLF at
      normal levels. The almost universal occurrence of anti-Alternaria antibodies in
      children was partly explained by the finding of partial cross-reactivity and/or
      shared antigens among several fungal species, including A. tenuis, Stemphylium
      sp., Curvularia sp., and Aspergillus fumigatus. The biological significance of
      these antibodies is not clear, but the procedures described lend themselves to
      further investigations.

PMID- 1094056
TI  - The clinician and the computer. The computerized study of two contrasting cases.

PMID- 1094057
TI  - Psychoanalysis--science and research: twin studies as a paradigm.

PMID- 1094059
TI  - A program for the conquest of cancer: 1802.

PMID- 1094058
TI  - Diet during pregnancy in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

PMID- 1094060
TI  - The clinical definition of scurvy and the discovery of vitamin C.

PMID- 1094061
TI  - The tractors: engraving (1802) by Charles Williams.

PMID- 1094062
TI  - Dr. Thomas W. Fossett (1813-94): Yankee spiritualist.

PMID- 1094063
TI  - Jerome Pierce Webster, 1888-1974.

PMID- 1094064
TI  - Theory and practice in medical education at the University of Montpellier in the
      thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.

PMID- 1094065
TI  - Physicians and humanists in the world of Francis I.

PMID- 1094066
TI  - The roots of American sanitary reform 1843-47: seven letters from John H. Griscom
      to Lemuel Shattuck.

PMID- 1094068
TI  - Two early case reports.

PMID- 1094069
TI  - The surgeon and the surgeon's wife: engraving by Martin Engelbrecht (1684-1756),
      Augsburg.

PMID- 1094067
TI  - The white man's road: the physical and psychological impact of relocation on the
      Southern Plains Indians.

PMID- 1094070
TI  - Current medical literature.

PMID- 1094071
TI  - Absence of hepatitis B antigens from feces and sewage as a result of enzymatic
      destruction.
AB  - Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) was not detected in sewage by means of a
      sensitive affinity chromatography method combined with radioimmunoassay. The
      antigen was also absent from the feces and urine of 23 patients with HBs Ag
      antigenemia; this observation indicates that HBs Ag is rarely discharged into
      sewage. The absence of HBs Ag from feces is ascribed to antagonists of an
      enzymatic nature or to carboxypeptidase A, which destroys the antigen.
      Antagonists with similar effects were produced by three species of Pseudomonas
      but were not produced by various other bacteria. HBs Ag was also destroyed by two
      subtilisin enzymes. When hepatitis B sera were incubated with these enzymes or
      with the antagonists, small spherical particles, tubules, and the coats of Dane
      particles disappeared first, and Dane cores disappeared later. Although sewage or
      activated sludge did not affect the stability of HBs Ag, the results indicate
      that even Dane cores are not excreted in feces and that sewage plays a negligible
      role in the spread of HBs Ag, Dane cores, and viral hepatitis type B.

PMID- 1094072
TI  - Light and electron microscopic study of Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the
      uterine cervix.
AB  - Cervical biopsy specimens from two patients with infections caused by Chlamydia
      trachomatis (TRIC agent) were studied by means of light and electron microscopy.
      Intraepithelial vesicles containing C. trachomatis were present in the cervical
      mucosa. These intramucosal vesicles were readily recognized in paraffin sections
      by means of light microscopy. The developmental stages of C. trachomatis, which
      have previously been seen in tissue cell culture, chicken embryo, and
      conjunctival infections, were also apparent in cervical infection.

PMID- 1094073
TI  - Superiority of MacConkey's agar over salmonella-shigella agar for isolation of
      Shigella dysenteriae type 1.
AB  - The efficiency of MacConkey's agar in the isolation of various types of Shigella
      was compared with that of salmonella-shigella (SS) agar during an extensive 18
      month outbreak of disease caused by Shigella. In all, 1,580 isolates of Shigella
      were obtained from 12,307 rectal swab and fecal samples of patients with diarrhea
      and their contacts by direct plating onto MacConkey's and SS agars. Shigella
      dysenteriae type 1 and Shigella flexneri constituted 55 percent and 33 percent of
      all isolates, respectively, with a smaller number of Shigella boydii and Shigella
      sonnei. MacConkey's agar was superior to SS agar in the detection of S.
      dysenteriae type 1; 83 percent of the isolates were detectable on MacConkey's
      agar, compared with 40 percent on SS agar. In contrast, 84 percent of S. flexneri
      isolates were detectable on SS agar, compared with 51 percent on MacConkey's agar
      alone. These findings confirm that, for the culture of fecal specimens thought to
      contain S. dysenteriae type 1, one of the media used should be noninhibitory.
      Shigella was isolated at a consistently and significantly higher rate from fecal
      samples than from rectal swabs.

PMID- 1094074
TI  - Vitamin B6-dependent Streptococcus mitior (mitis) isolated from patients with
      systemic infections.
AB  - Strains of nutritional-variant viridans Streptococcus were isolated from two
      patients with bacterial endocarditis and from one patient with a pancreatic
      abscess. All three strains grew as satellite colonies of other bacteria but did
      not grow as pure cultures in media lacking sufficient thiol compounds. For one
      half maximal growth these organisms required the addition of one of the active
      forms of the B6 vitamin, pyridoxal with HCl (0.16-1.45 mug/ml) or pyridoxamine
      dihydrochloride (0.67-2.0 mug/ml), or addition of l-cysteine (0.235-0.425 mg/ml)
      to routine bacteriological media. The active forms of vitamin B6 are essential
      coenzymes in the synthesis of l-cysteine and of other thiol compounds. Use of
      media supplemented with 0.001 percent pyridoxal with HCL led to identification of
      the strains as Streptococcus mitior (mitis). Incorporation of pyridoxal with HCl,
      pyridoxamine dihydrochloride, or l-cysteine into media is recommended for the
      isolation and identification of vitamin B6-dependent viridans streptococci.

PMID- 1094075
TI  - Combined type-specific antisera in the identification of Mycoplasma hominis.
AB  - In the usual serologic test for Mycoplasma hominis, disks containing antibody to
      a prototype strain are applied to an agar plate that has been inoculated with the
      microorganism to be tested, and inhibition of growth is studied. The recent
      demonstration that M. hominis is not serologically homogeneous but consists of at
      least seven serotypes suggested the need for reexamination of the specificity of
      the disk test. The inhibition of growth of M. hominis on solid medium by disks
      containing seven antisera to the seven prototype strains was studied. Antisera to
      strains 1, 2, and 3 significantly inhibited all seven prototype strains, but the
      other four antisera did not inhibit the growth of all heterologous strains. The
      individual antisera 1, 2, and 3 did not inhibit all of a group of 19 recent
      genital isolates of M. hominis. However, when the three antisera were combined,
      they inhibited all 19 isolates as much as or more than any of the three alone.
      The growth of the prototype strain 5 (PG 21) and of some recent clinical isolates
      was not completely prevented by the homologous or reference antisera, but the
      growth of all was partially inhibited.

PMID- 1094076
TI  - Tetanus in the United States, 1970-1971.

PMID- 1094077
TI  - Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in familial dysautonomia.
AB  - The mean value of serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (D beta H) in patients with
      familial dysautonomia, 1 to 5 years of age, does not differ significantly from
      control children of the same age (24.0 plus or minus 21.06 S.D. as compared to
      34.0 plus or minus 33.12). Among patients 6 years of age and over, the mean value
      was slightly but significantly lower than in control subjects (62.7 plus or minus
      49.61, as compared to control values of 86.1 plus or minus 54.31 p less than
      0.025). However, the determination of serum D beta H does not contribute to the
      diagnosis of familial dysautonomia because well over half the children have
      levels within 1 S.D. of the mean levels of the control subjects. There is no
      correlation with clinical symptomatology. The disease process may tend to depress
      the level of serum D beta H but the effect is neither consistent nor decisive.

PMID- 1094078
TI  - Prevention by glucocorticoids of disseminated intravascular coagulation induced
      by endotoxin: mechanisms.
AB  - The therapeutic efficiency of two glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone and
      dexamethasone) on endotoxin-induced intravascular coagulation was investigated in
      the rat. Coagulation and platelet aggregation studies were performed and
      plaminogen was assayed. Our results indicate that pretreatment of the animals
      with large doses of these steroids within a few hours prior to endotoxin totally
      prevents the consumption in Hageman factor, measurable contact product activity,
      platelets, fibrinogen, plasminogen, and the loss in platelet aggregability and
      serotonin. In addition to this, the hypercoagulable state  consecutive to
      endotoxin, characterized here by shortenings in the partial thromboplastin and
      recalcification times and by an increase in the availability of platelet
      procoagulant activity, was also totally prevented by the steroid pretreatment. On
      the other hand, it is shown that these glucocorticoids do not interfere in the
      normal rat with platelet aggregation (tested with thrombin,adenosine diphosphate,
      and collagen), but with the availability of platelet procoagulant activity. This
      last phenomenon, in addition to that of an interference in vivo with the
      mechanism of activation of Hageman factor, are believed to be responsible for
      prevention by glucocorticoids of endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular
      coagulation.

PMID- 1094079
TI  - Abnormal renal acidification in alcoholic liver disease.
AB  - After ingestion of 150 mEq. of calcium chloride (CaCl-2), urinary acidification
      was studied for 6 hours in 22 normokalemic patients with alcoholic liver disease
      (L) of varying severity, and in 7 control (C) subjects during 10 studies. The
      degree of the induced systemic acidosis was similar in all groups. Nine L
      patients were unable to normally lower urine pH below 5.25 (L-I) and these were
      compared with the 13 L patients achieving lower pH (L-II) and with control
      subjects. This defect was consistently reproduced. Titratable acid excretion was
      less in L-I than in the other groups. The percentage contribution of ammonium to
      maximal net acid excretion was significantly higher in L-I and L-II than in C. No
      L-I patient had spontaneous metabolic acidosis, nor was there evidence of
      encephalopathy or of proximal tubular dysfunction. Sodium excretion was
      significantly lower in L-I than in either L-II or C. Sodium sulfate and sodium
      phosphate infused after acid-loading rapidly reduced urine pH into the
      appropriately acidic range in L-I patients with alcoholic liver disease by means
      of a simple, safe, and short acid-loading test. Although the mechanism of this
      renal tubular acidfying defect remains unknown a low distal delivery of sodium by
      limiting the transtubular potential difference may have been partially
      responsible.

PMID- 1094080
TI  - An evaluation of the identification methods for beta-hemolytic streptococci group
      A.

PMID- 1094081
TI  - Modern trends in contraceptive pharmacology.

PMID- 1094082
TI  - Biphasic amyloidosis: immunofluorescence of amyloid substances a preliminary
      report.

PMID- 1094083
TI  - Professor H. Heller, Dr. rer. nat., M.D., B.Ch., F.R.C.P. An appreciation.

PMID- 1094084
TI  - Proceedings: Response to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in vitro by
      pituitary tissue from male rats of different ages.

PMID- 1094085
TI  - Proceedings: Cross-reaction of rabbit anti-carp gonadotrophin globulin with
      gonadotrophic hormone of some teleost fish as tested by immunofluorescence.

PMID- 1094086
TI  - Proceedings: The role of the preovulatory release of progesterone in the chicken.

PMID- 1094087
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of pilocarpine on insulin secretion in normal and obese
      hyperglycaemic mice (ob/ob) and in the rat.

PMID- 1094088
TI  - Proceedings: Absence of gonadotrophin-releasing activity in the human foetal
      hypothalamus before 16 weeks.

PMID- 1094089
TI  - Proceedings: Luteinizing hormone (LH) release by luteinizing hormone releasing
      factor injection within 24 h after the preovulatory surge of LH in the ewe.

PMID- 1094090
TI  - Mutations in Salmonella typhimurium conferring resistance to Felix O phage
      without loss of smooth character.
AB  - Several mutants obtained from smooth Salmonella typhimurium strains by selection
      for resistance to Felix O (FO) phage [whose receptor site includes the N
      acetylglucosamine branch of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core] were smooth in
      cultural properties, antigenic character and phage sensitivity pattern (except
      for their FO resistance). However, the affected genes of several such 'FOR' (FO
      resistant) mutants were shown by transduction of map in the short cysE-pyrE
      segment, which includes nearly all known rfa genes responsible for synthesis of
      LPS core. All of seven FOR mutants differed from their parents, and resembled rfa
      mutants with defects in the deeper part of the LPS core, by increased sensitivity
      to various antibiotics. One FOR mutant was non-virulent (LD50 greater than 10-7,
      compared with smaller than 100 for its parent); LT7 derivatives given this FOR
      gene by co-transduction with cysE+ were likewise non-virulent. It is inferred
      that FOR mutations affect the assembly of the inner part of the LPS core, perhaps
      causing incomplete blocks in glycosyl transferase reactions.

PMID- 1094091
TI  - Transmissible substrate-utilizing ability in enterobacteria.
AB  - Three of 152 strains of Escherichia coli transmitted their ability to utilize
      sucrose (Sac+) to other strains by conjugation. The transfer factor of one of
      them and of a Sac+ Salmonella thompson strain was thermosensitive. The raffinose
      utilizing ability of 27 of 163 E. coli strains was also transmissible.
      Transmissible raffinose-utilizing ability was a feature of porcine
      enterpathogenic strains possessing the K88 antigen. The determinants controlling
      raffinose utilization (Raf) and K88 antigen production were commonly transmitted
      together from these strains; so also was the determinant controlling enterotoxin
      production, but to a lesser extent. It was not possible to transfer lactose
      utilizing ability from 320 strains of E. coli, salicin-utilizing ability from 12
      strains of E. coli or dulcitol-utilizing ability from 99 strains of E. coli and
      88 strains of salmonellae. Sucrose- and raffinose-utilizing ability were
      transmitted separately to several Salmonella sp., including Salm. typhi, to
      Shigella flexneri and Sh. sonnei and to a variety of strains of E. coli. A strain
      of Salm. typhimurium in which Sac had been established and a strain of E. coli in
      which Raf had been established survived less well in the alimentary tract of
      chickens than their Sac minus or Raf minus parent strains.

PMID- 1094092
TI  - The effect of culture age, chloramphenicol and B6 inhibitors on intra- and
      extracellular keto and amino acids of Escherichia coli B.
AB  - Keto acids and free amino acids were assayed in the cells and the medium of
      Escherichia coli B growing in the presence of chloramphenicol, cycloserines,
      aminooxyacetate, and limiting nitrogen source. Under these growth-limiting
      conditions the cells accumulated ketoglutarate and 'ketovaline' but no other keto
      acids. In all experiments only ketoglutarate, pyruvate, and 'ketovaline' were
      found in the medium. Amino acids are released into the medium in the early phases
      of growth and the composition of the extracellular amino acids is similar to that
      of the amino acid pool. The concentrations of free amino acids were 10-3-10-4
      times higher in the cell than in the medium. The internal pool composition is
      fixed under all growth-limiting conditions. In the presence of the drugs the
      cells release amino acids into the medium.

PMID- 1094093
TI  - High frequency transduction of resistance to ampicillin and kanamycin in Proteus
      mirabilis.

PMID- 1094094
TI  - Role of DNA ligase in the repair of single strand breaks induced in DNA by mild
      heating of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1094095
TI  - Effect of L-histidine on the catabolism of nitrogenous compounds in Aspergillus
      nidulans.

PMID- 1094096
TI  - Factors affecting the changes in amphotericin sensitivity of Candida albicans
      during growth.
AB  - The sensitivity of Candida albicans, grown in batch culture at 37 degrees C, to
      amphotericin methyl ester (AME), judged by the concentration of AME required to
      induce a standard rate of leakage of K+ from suspensions of organisms, decreased
      with the time of growth. Organisms in exponential growth were sensitive to 0-I to
      0-2 mug AME/ml while organisms in the stationary phase were resistant to 4 to 60
      mug AME/ml, depending on the initial concentration of glucose in the medium and
      the length of time for which incubation had been continued. When the initial
      concentration of glucose was low (0-I%, w/v), the AME resistance rose during the
      early stationary phase and then, after 40 h incubation at 37 degrees C, decrease
      again. Sphaeroplasts were prepared from organisms at different phases of growth
      and did not show these changes in AME sensitivity, but remained highly sensitive
      for growth up to 40 h. Sphaeroplasts were prepared by treating suspensions of
      organisms with mercaptoethanol and then digesting with Streptomyces enzyme
      preparation. Addition of the material extracted by the digestion to suspensions
      of exponential-phase organisms or sphaeroplasts increased their AME resistance.
      Fractionation of the digest showed that the antagonistic material was contained
      in the neutral lipid fraction. Pure lipids fell into the following order of
      decreasing antagonism to AME when added together with the antibiotic to
      suspensions of exponential-phase organisms: sterol esters (ergosterol esters
      greater than cholesterol esters; unsaturated fatty acid esters greater than
      saturated fatty acid esters), sterols, triglycerides, unsaturated fatty acids,
      saturated fatty acids. The amount of antagonistic material released from
      stationary organisms was not markedly greater than that from exponential-phase
      organisms and analysis of the lipid content of wall preparations showed that the
      content of total lipid, neutral lipid and triglyceride of 40 h organisms was not
      more than 75, 25 and 30%, respectively, greater than that of exponential-phase
      organisms. The AME resistance of stationary-phase organisms decreased rapidly if
      suspensions were incubated with glucose or mercaptoethanol. The decrease in the
      presence of glucose was prevented by metabolic inhibitors, especially SH binding
      agents. Treatment of organisms with either iodoacetamide or N-ethylmaleimide gave
      a rapid increase in AME resistance, amounting in some cases to 5- to 15-fold. The
      effect of iodoacetamide decreased as the organisms passed into the stationary
      phase and their intrinsic resistance increased. Evidence is presented which
      suggests that the degree of reduction of SH groups in the cell surface is an
      important factor in determining AME resistance.

PMID- 1094097
TI  - Reversible inactivation of the isocitrate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli ML308
      during growth on acetate.
AB  - During aerobic growth of Escherichia coli ML308 on acetate as sole carbon source,
      the apparent synthesis of isocitrate dehydrogenase was repressed relative to
      cultures on other carbon sources, such as glucose, which do not employ the
      glyoxylate bypass as an anaplerotic sequence. When cells were removed from an
      acetate medium, or when compounds were added which made the operation of the
      glyoxylate bypass unnecessary, the activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase rapidly
      increased 3- to 4-fold but fell again on restoration to an acetate medium.
      Changes in activity were rapid and, furthermore, could be demonstrated in the
      absence of protein synthesis. It is thus improbable that the mechanism involved
      degradation or de novo synthesis of the enzyme protein. Oxaloacetate and
      glyoxylate showed concerted inhibition of isocitrate dehydrogenase which could be
      relieved by dialysis. Because extracts of low enzyme activity, derived from
      acetate-metabolizing cells, could not be stimulated by dialysis or by addition of
      a wide range of metabolites, it is unlikely that low molecular weight, freely
      dissociable effectors were responsible for stimulation or inhibition of activity.
      Control of isocitrate dehydrogenase permitted the efficient utilization of
      acetate as sole source of carbon and energy but perserved the capacity of the
      cell to respond rapidly to an improvement in nutritional conditions. A limited
      survey showed that the mechanism is common but not universal among strains of E.
      coli and occurs in at least one strain each of Klebsiella aerogenes, Salmonella
      typhimurium and Serratia marcescens.

PMID- 1094098
TI  - Oxidation of alpha-lipoic acid.

PMID- 1094099
TI  - Letter: Cervical lymphadenitis due to Candida albicans infection.920c.

PMID- 1094100
TI  - An evaluation of the osteogenic potential of marrow.

PMID- 1094101
TI  - Antidermatophytic activity of 2-thiotetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazines and
      isothiocyanates.
AB  - Benzyl, furfuryl, tetrahydronaphthyl, alpha-picolyl, and alpha-homopicolyl
      derivatives of 2-thiotetrahydro-1,3,5-thiadiazines were studied and found to be
      more active than beta-picolyl, and pyridyl analogs on dermatophytes, including
      the more resistant Microsporum canis.

PMID- 1094102
TI  - [The importance of pyridinolcarbamate and clofibrate association in the treatment
      of arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 1094103
TI  - [Methods of study of collateral coronary circulation (literature survey].

PMID- 1094104
TI  - Percutaneous absorption.

PMID- 1094105
TI  - Antimicrobial evaluation of diastereoisomeric 2-dimethylaminomethyl-6
      phenylcyclohexanols and related esters.
AB  - 2-Dimethylaminomethyl-6-phenylcyclohexanone was reduced to give the isomeric 2
      dimethylaminomethyl-6-phenylcyclohexanols, which were then converted to a number
      of novel esters. These derivatives were screened against a wide range of
      microorganisms. The alcohol possessing an axial hydroxy group had high activity
      against Candida albicans, in contradistinction to the isomer having an equatorial
      hydroxy function, which was approximately 30 times less active. The esters from
      the isomeric alcohols demonstrated a low level of antimicrobial activity with the
      exception of the 10-undecenoyl ester of 2-dimethylaminomethyl-6
      phenylcyclohexanol (possessing the equatorial hydroxy group), which showed
      significant activity against three pathogenic fungi.

PMID- 1094106
TI  - Effect of intracerebroventricular bradykinin and related peptides on rabbit
      operant behavior.
AB  - The dose-effect relationships of intraventricularly injected bradykinin, Gly-Arg
      Met-Lys-bradykinin (GAML-bradykinin), synthetic substance P and angiotensin II on
      lever-lifting behavior of rabbits in a variable-interval (VI) 72-second schedule
      of sweetened water presentation were determined. All peptides used caused dose
      dependent decreases in overall rates of VI responding during the experimental
      session in the following order of potency: angiotensin II greater than bradykinin
      = substance P greater than GAML-bradykinin. The angiotensin II dose-effect curve
      was less steep than those of the other peptides. The administration of nearly
      equimolar doses of the bradykinin potentiating peptides, BPP5a and BPP9a,
      slightly decreased overall VI response rates and caused a 10- to 20-fold
      potentiation of the rate-decreasing effect of bradykinin on VI responding. Both
      angiotensin II and bradykinin caused pauses in responding of dose-dependent
      duration at the beginning of the experimental session that were followed by
      normal VI responding. The effect of GAML-bradykinin on VI performance was similar
      to that of bradykinin and angiotensin II but had a delay of onset of 3 to 6
      minutes. In contrast, substance P caused actual decreases in response output and
      pauses of variable duration interspersed between periods of regular VI
      responding. At the doses used, both bradykinin-potentiating peptides caused
      uniform decreases in VI responding throughout the experimental session. Gross
      behavioral changes caused by the peptides were also observed. After the
      intraventricular injection of bradykinin or GAML-bradykinin, rabbits showed
      decreased motility, ptosis, miosis and lowered ears; after angiotensin II,
      animals remained motionless but with wide open eyes, fully raised ears and no
      miosis. In turn, substance P caused restlessness and increased locomotion. These
      results together with reported evidence on other powerful central actions of
      bradykinin, angiotensin and substance P and on the existence of components of
      their releasing and destroying enzymatic systems in the brain suggest that linear
      peptides may play a role in the functioning of the central nervous system.

PMID- 1094107
TI  - An enzymatic derivative double isotope assay for measuring tissue levels of
      taurine.
AB  - The development of a new assay for taurine is described. The procedure utilizes
      the formation of taurocholic acid by rat liver microsomes and is dependent upon
      the dilution of the specific activity of radioactive taurine by the amount of
      taurine present in perchloric acid homogenates of tissues. Known amounts of
      taurine (21/2-300 nmol) are added to incubation vessels to establish a standard
      curve so that unknown quantities of taurine present in tissue homogenates can be
      calculated by a graphical comparison. The possible interference by other
      compounds present in tissue extracts and their removal by passage through columns
      containing both cation and anion exchange resins is discussed. Conditions are
      established for the quantitative recovery of taurine after passage through the
      exchange resins. Measurement of the taurine levels of several rat tissues is
      presented along with duplicate assays performed on the amino acid analyzer for
      comparison purposes.

PMID- 1094108
TI  - Regional sensitivity of the rat brain to the inhibitory effects of morphine on
      wet shake behavior.
AB  - The aim of this investigation was to determine the brain regions which were most
      sensitive to the inhibitory effects of morphine on the shaking response of
      pentobarbital-anesthetized rats to ice water. The median inhibitory dose (ID50)
      of morphine sulfate administered intraventricularly was found to be 0.35 mug/rat.
      When morphine was bilaterally injected into different regions of the brain, the
      ID50 values ranged from 0.04 to 17.9 mug/rat. The lowest ID50 values (0.04-0.20
      mug) were found in the periaqueductal gray, the medial preoptic area and the
      locus ceruleus. The ID50 values ranged from 0.65 to 1.6 mug for areas around the
      nucleus accumbens, the fasciculus retroflexus, the medical thalamus and the
      septal area; from 5.6 to 7.3 mug for various hypothalamic nuclei; and from 11.0
      to 17.9 mug for the basal ganglia, reticular formation substantia nigra and the
      reticular nucleus of the thalamus. The brain areas with the lowest ID50 values
      are known to have thermoregulatory functions. The similarity of the shaking
      response to shivering is discussed. It is concluded that the central inhibitory
      effects of morphine on shaking are subserved by discrete neuroanatomical
      substrates located in medial subcortical structures.

PMID- 1094110
TI  - Central venous pressure monitoring with positive end expiratory pressure.

PMID- 1094109
TI  - Electrogenic sodium pump in beta-cells of islets of Langerhans.

PMID- 1094111
TI  - Volume resuscitation in critical major trauma.

PMID- 1094112
TI  - Chemical protection of bacteria and cultured mammalian cells by sulfur-containing
      compounds.

PMID- 1094113
TI  - Evidence that a recombinationless strain, rad 51, of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      lacks the budding cell resistance to gamma-rays.

PMID- 1094114
TI  - Synthesis and evaluation of 6-arylactamido-2,4-diaminoquinazolines and related
      compounds as folic acid antagonists.
AB  - A series of 2,4-diaminoquinazolines bearing an aryl function attached to the 6
      position through an acetamido or related linkage was synthesized. Each compound
      was evaluated as an inhibitor of rat liver dihydrofolate reductase as well as for
      suppressive antimalarial effects against Plasmodium berghei in mice. Significant
      in vivo activity was found to reside primarily with 5-chloro-6-arylacetamido
      derivatives. Most of these compounds were also tested for prophylactic activity
      against sporozoite-induced Plasmodium gallinaceum in chicks. Thirteen compounds,
      each of which possesses a 5-Cl or 5-CH3 group, displayed curative activity in
      this test system. Since several of these showed markedly greater potency against
      the avian infection, selective inhibitory action upon preerythrocytic forms of
      the malaria parasite is thus implied.

PMID- 1094115
TI  - Synthesis and biological activity of LH-RH analogs modified at the carboxyl
      terminus.
AB  - Des(Pro9,Gly10)-LH-RH ethylamide, des(Pro9,Gly10)-LH-RH butylamide, desGly10-LH
      RH 2-aminoethylamide, and desGly10-LH-RH hydrazide were synthesized by a solid
      phase method involving cleavage of protected peptide intermediates from their
      resin support by reaction with ethylamine, butylamine, ethylenediamine, and
      hydrazine, respectively. In the assay utilizing steroid pretreated,
      ovariectomized rats, the peptides were found to have the following LH-releasing
      activities when compared with natural LH-RH: ethylamide, 0.2%; butylamide, 0,1%;
      2-aminoethylamide, 2.4%; hydrazide, 12%. DesGly10-LH-RH hydrazide was used as a
      precursor in the synthesis of desGly10-LH-RH allylamide and desGly10-LH-RH
      propargylamide by conversion to the azide and reaction with allylamine and
      propargylamine, respectively. LH and FSH levels were measured over a 4-hr period
      after subcutaneous injection of these two peptides into immature male rats in
      order to detect any prolongation of activity. The allylamide analog was quite
      active, releasing 1.7 times more LH and 1.3 times more FSH than the same dose of
      LH-RH. The propargylamide analog was considerably less active, exhibiting 50% LH
      releasing activity and 64% FSH-releasing activity. Neither peptide appeared to be
      longer acting than LH-RH.

PMID- 1094116
TI  - Synthesis and antitrichomonal activity of certain pyrazolo (1,5-a) pyrimidines.
AB  - Several bridgehead nitrogen heterocycles were synthesized to be screened as
      antimicrobial agents, modeled after nalidixic acid. The activity of these new
      compounds, all derivatives of 3-nitro-4,6-disubstituted pyrazolo (1,5-a)pyrimidin
      7-ones (3,7,8, and 9), however, was found to be highly specific for Trichomonas
      foetus and completely lacking in activity against bacteria, fungi, and parasites
      other than Trichomonas. Of the nine componds synthesized, including the
      intermediate 4,6-disubstituted pyrazolo (1,5-a) pyrimidin-7-ones (2-6) and the 6
      substituted or unsubstituted pyrazolo (1,5-a) pyrimidin-7-ones (1 and 4), only 6
      carbethoxy-4-ethyl-3-nitropyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidin-7-one (7) was found to be a
      potent antitrichomal agent, being comparable or perhaps better than
      metronidazole. From a tentative structure-activity relationship study, it was
      apparent that the combination of the 3-mitro, 4-ethyl, and 6-carbethoxy groups
      imparted specific activity, wheras other substitutions imparted little or no
      antitrichomonal activity.

PMID- 1094117
TI  - Preparation of a new immunosuppressant, 4-5-bis(aminomethyl)acridine.
AB  - 4,5-Bis(aminomethyl)acridine, useful as an immunosuppressant, was prepared in 31%
      overall yield by the reaction of acridine with N-(hydroxymethyl)phthalimide and
      subsequent decomposition with excess 6 N HCl. The drug was found to produce a
      suppression of the humoral antibody response comparable to several known
      immunosuppressive agents.

PMID- 1094118
TI  - Analysis of expert diagnosis of a computer simulation of congenital heart
      disease.
AB  - Analysis of data from five expert cardiologists indicates substantial agreement
      on the first step to be taken in response to an emergency case of computer
      simulated congenital heart disease. There was little or no agreement among these
      same subjects on the specific steps undertaken following their initial response.
      The problem was solved in 11, 10, 8, and 6 steps by four of the cardiologists.
      The problem-solving sequence employed by one expert resulted in the patient's
      death. It is concluded that while the behavior of experts in the hospital and
      clinic is the primary means of evaluating successful student performance,
      computer simulations of patient cases offer the opportunity to use expert data in
      the calibration of student error.

PMID- 1094119
TI  - Income analysis of university owned or operated teaching hospitals.

PMID- 1094120
TI  - Copper intrauterine devices--a review of the literature.

PMID- 1094121
TI  - Editorial: John J. McGuire, M.D.

PMID- 1094122
TI  - Stabilization and clarification of sections mounted on formvar-coated slot grids
      by deliberate irradiation in the electron beam.
AB  - Epon-Araldite sections supported on Formvar-coated slot grids can be stabilized
      by exposing the area of interest in the column of the electron microscope to
      irradiation of 0-5C/cm-2. With this procedure one can obtain electron micrographs
      of high quality, without drift or distortion, from any part of the open slot
      area. After treatment the support film is not only stable and transparent but
      robust enough to permit repeated removal and replacement of the specimen in the
      microscope column. We illustrate the method with a series of electron micrographs
      with initial magnifications ranging from x300 to x500,000 to show the quality of
      image that can be achieved. The effect of the irradiation on tissue architecture
      is checked by resectioning the irradiated sections. We recommend this method of
      local irradiation of sections for investigations using low or intermediate
      magnifications for the wide field it permits, for the durability it confers on
      the specimen and for its convenience.

PMID- 1094123
TI  - High resolution scanning electron microscopy at the subcellular level.
AB  - Recently developed scanning electron microscopes provide sufficient resolution to
      allow useful observation of subcellular biological objects. Preparation methods
      for such objects need not be limited to the traditional coating and mounting
      procedures. Many methods developed for transmission electron microscopy are
      immediately adaptable to scanning electron microscopy. We show that a number of
      techniques are available to the microscopist which yield adequate contrast and
      high resolution. As examples we show skeletal muscle myofibrils dispersed to
      reveal thick filaments, uncoated on a thin carbon film; a tropomyosin tactoid,
      negatively stained with uranyl acetate; oncornavirus, conventionally coated; and
      T4 bacteriophage on an aluminium substrate.

PMID- 1094124
TI  - A technique for processing mucous coated marine invertebrate spermatozoa for
      scanning electron microscopy.
AB  - A technique for preparing heavily mucous coated marine invertebrate spermatozoa
      for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is described. This technique involves
      washing in 1500 NF units/ml hyaluronidase in millipored sea water to remove
      mucus, followed by fixation in glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide. Following
      primary fixation, spermatozoa are enclosed in Nuclepore membrane bags positioned
      within Teflon specimen capsules allowing them to be processed and critical point
      dried without excessive mechanical damage or loss.

PMID- 1094125
TI  - Comparative survival of lethally irradiated inbred male mice inoculated with
      marrow from virgin or multiparous female donors.
AB  - The response of marrow from virgin female donors to the antigens controlled by
      the Y chromosome of syngeneic male recipients varied with different strains of
      mice and was independent of their H-2 genotype. Marrow from syngeneic multiparous
      donors might produce a greater response to male antigens than that observed with
      marrow from virgin females. The sensitization of the mother to her male progeny
      indicated that these antigens were expressed before parturition. The reduced
      responsiveness of mothers to some alloantigens and the accompanying increased
      responsiveness to male antigens suggested a difference in the time during
      embryonic development when these antigens were expressed.

PMID- 1094127
TI  - Acupuncture: practical considerations.

PMID- 1094126
TI  - Response of congenitally athymic (nude) mice to infection with Mycobacterium
      bovis (strain BCG).
AB  - Mice homozygous for the mutation "nude" (nu/nu) are athymic and lack thymus
      dependent lymphocytes. Heterozygote (nu/+) controls, which are phenotypically and
      immunologically normal, and (nu/nu) mice were infected with 1.0 times 10-6 colony
      forming units of Phipps strain BCG. In the spleens of nu/+ mice, there was a
      progressive increase in number of BCG up to the second week, followed by a
      gradual decline. However, in the nu/nu mice, BCG growth was gradual and
      continuous until termination of the experiment at 5 weeks. In the lung,
      significant differences were not noted until after the second week, at which time
      the nude mice showed a rapid increase (of more than 2 log10) in the number of
      BCG. However, the number of BCG was not significantly greater in the livers of
      either group. Changes in the normal histology of the lung included a massive
      influx of monocytes during the first 2 weeks which peaked at day 21. In the lungs
      of the nu/+ mice by day 28, there was considerable granuloma formation consisting
      of monocytes and small lymphocytes. However, in the lungs of nu/nu animals, the
      granulomas were made up primarily of monocytes with a lack of small lymphocytes.
      Acid-fast stains confirmed the presence of large numbers of organisms in the
      macrophages of nu/nu mice, with gradual destruction of these phagocytic cells.

PMID- 1094128
TI  - The use of hypnosis in anesthesiology.

PMID- 1094129
TI  - Susan Smith McKinney, M.D., 1847-1918 First afro-american women physician in New
      York State.

PMID- 1094130
TI  - Freeze fracture studies of membrane systems in vertebrate muscle. I. Striated
      muscle.

PMID- 1094131
TI  - Circadian rhythm of chloroplast ultrastructure in Gonyaulax polyedra, concentric
      organization around a central cluster of ribosomes.

PMID- 1094132
TI  - Transport in bacteriophage P22-infected Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - There was rapid efflux of L-leucine, L-phenylalanine, and alpha-methyl-D
      glucoside after infection of Salmonella typhimurium with the clear plaque mutant
      C1 of phage P22. The efflux was similar to that observed with cyanide or arsenate
      treatment except that there was partial recovery in the case of phage infection
      and almost complete recovery under the condition of lysogeny. There was no efflux
      after infection with the temperature-sensitive mutant ts16C1 at nonpermissive
      temperature. Superinfection of superinfection exclusion negative lysogen (sie A
      minus sie B minus) with C1 led to efflux, whereas the efflux was much less on
      superinfection of sie A+ Sie B+ lysogen. These results indicate that an effective
      injection process is enough to cause depression in the cellular transport
      processes.

PMID- 1094133
TI  - Effect of DNA delay mutations of bacteriophage T4 on genetic recombination.
AB  - Studies have been made of the effect of the DNA delay mutations of bacteriophage
      T4 on growth and genetic recombination in a number of Escherichia coli hosts. DNA
      delay mutations in genes 39, 52, 58 (61), and 60 result in abnormally high
      recombination frequencies. These high recombination frequencies are discussed in
      the context of other observations.

PMID- 1094134
TI  - Presence of active polyribosomes in bacterial cells infected with T4
      bacteriophage ghosts.
AB  - Host protein synthesis of Escherichia coli stops abruptly after T4 bacteriophage
      ghost infection. When infection was carried out in the presence of 10 mM Mg2plus,
      infected cells still have active polyribosomes despite the complete stoppage of
      protein synthesis. On the other hand, when T4 ghost infection was carried out in
      the presence of 1 mM Mg2plus, no polyribosomes were observed and most of the
      ribosomes were 30S and 50S subunit particles. Subunits obtained from extracts of
      ghost-infected cells at 1 mM M'G2++ concentration could not be converted to
      polyribosomes, even when Mg2plus concentration was adjusted to 10 mM after ghost
      infection. There was very little difference in amino acid incorporation
      activities between polyribosomes from ghost-infected and uninfected cells. In
      addition, the activity of 70S ribosomes isolated from uninfected cells was
      identical to that from cells infected with ghosts at 10 mM Mg2plus.

PMID- 1094136
TI  - Temperature influence on chemical toxicity to aquatic organisms.

PMID- 1094135
TI  - Resolution of the DNA strands of the specialized transducing bacteriophage lambda
      h80C 1-857 dargF.
AB  - The DNA strands of lambdoid phages with deletions or substitutions of the guanine
      plus cytosine-rich region in the left arm are not resolvable by complexing with
      poly UG followed by centrifugation in CsCl. This work describes a completely
      general procedure for the strand resolution of these phages by hybridization with
      fragments of separated strands of the parent phage. In particular, resolution of
      the DNA strands of the specialized transducing phage lambda-h80C1-857dargF is
      described, and evidence is presented which indicates that argF is transcribed
      from the r strand.

PMID- 1094137
TI  - Letter: Nonremoval of dentures during anesthesia.

PMID- 1094138
TI  - Acute tubular necrosis in a renal transplant recipient. Complication from drip
      infusion excretory urography.

PMID- 1094139
TI  - Dr. J. C. Boileau grant. Anatomist extraordinaire.

PMID- 1094140
TI  - Editorial: aspirin and myocardial infarction: a new national cooperative trial.

PMID- 1094141
TI  - Svante August Arrhenius.

PMID- 1094142
TI  - Ruptured arteriosclerotic aneurysms of the abdominal aorta. Reducing mortality.
AB  - Mortality in 100 patients undergoing resection of ruptured atherosclerotic
      aneurysms of the abdominal aorta was 58%. In addition to advanced age and
      concurrent cardiac disease, lethal factors included preoperative hypotension,
      cardiac arrest, anuria, and free intra-abdominal rupture. Failure to establish
      the correct diagnosis until the onset of these four signs contributed to the high
      mortality.

PMID- 1094143
TI  - What is a health care trial?

PMID- 1094144
TI  - The hospital bill that Medicare won't pay.

PMID- 1094145
TI  - [Evaluation of application of cornary vasodilator agents during anesthesia].

PMID- 1094146
TI  - [Tension pneumothorax during general anesthesia].

PMID- 1094147
TI  - [Releasing hormone--some new problems].

PMID- 1094148
TI  - [Primary skin reticulum cell sarcoma--an autopsy case].

PMID- 1094149
TI  - [Mechanism of leukocyte chemotaxis and congenital dyschemotaxis syndrome].

PMID- 1094150
TI  - [Memories of the late Dr. Tomizo Yoshida].

PMID- 1094151
TI  - [Memory of the late Dr. Tomizo Yoshida].

PMID- 1094152
TI  - [Yoshida sarcoma and ascitic liver neoplasms].

PMID- 1094153
TI  - [Memory of the late Dr. Tomizo Yoshida].

PMID- 1094155
TI  - [Radiographic findings of primary reticulum cell sarcoma of the small intestine].

PMID- 1094154
TI  - [Significance of ascitic liver neoplasms in the study of antineoplastic agents].

PMID- 1094156
TI  - [Community health services for areas without local physicians].

PMID- 1094157
TI  - [Need of continuing nursing care in surgery of newborn infants; as exemplified by
      nursing of infants with spina bifida].

PMID- 1094158
TI  - [Profile: an English nurse who will take the Japanese State Board licensing
      examination for nursing practice (Miss G.A. Evans)].

PMID- 1094159
TI  - [Extended nursing care for children with spina bifida: family teaching aimed at
      assistance for independent excretory functions].

PMID- 1094161
TI  - [Profile: Ms. Hiroko Otsuka who participated in establishing the Chiba University
      School of Nursing].

PMID- 1094160
TI  - [Ms. Shizuho Hotta, a nurse at Minamata].

PMID- 1094163
TI  - [Closed suture of the common bile duct in surgery of choledocholithiasis].

PMID- 1094164
TI  - [Modern methods of treatment of persistently non-healing wounds and trophic
      ulcers].

PMID- 1094162
TI  - Interstitial immune complex nephritis in patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - Interstitial immune complex nephritis in patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE). Renal tissues from 45 patients with SLE nephritis, 34
      patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) and 77 patients with
      minimal glomerular disease (MGD) were studied by light, immunofluorescence and
      electron microscopy. Interstitial nephritis characterized by focal or diffuse
      infiltration of inflammatory cells, tubular damage and interstitial fibrosis was
      observed in 66% of SLE patients. Fluorescein-conjugated antibodies to
      immunoglobulins or complement or both were bound to peritubular capillaries,
      interstitium and tubular basement membranes (TBM) in 53% of patients with a
      granular pattern corresponding to opaque deposits seen by light or electron
      microscopy or both. Antibodies reactive with thymidine or cytosine or both were
      bound to interstitial structures in 19% of patients tested and showed the same
      granular distribution. Interstitial cellular infiltration was rare and deposits
      of immunoglobulins and complement were rare or absent in IMN and MGD, whereas
      deposits of DNA products were never observed. The findings are consistent with
      the interpretation that in patients with SLE nephritis immune deposits,
      presumably containing DNA-anti-DNA complexes, localize in peritublular
      capillaries, TBM and interstitum, thereby producing an inflammatory reaction
      which contributes to development and evolution of renal diseases.

PMID- 1094165
TI  - [Characteristics of treatment of thermal burns in children].

PMID- 1094166
TI  - [Condition of the reimplanted skin after operative treatment of chronic
      lymphedema].

PMID- 1094167
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of suture material (clinico-experimental study].

PMID- 1094169
TI  - [Ivan Teodosovich Shevchenko].

PMID- 1094168
TI  - [Modification of the purse-string suture].

PMID- 1094170
TI  - [Possibilities of the use of demucosation in stomach surgery (survey of the
      Soviet and foreign literature)].

PMID- 1094171
TI  - [Etiology and radical treatment of acute paraproctitis (literature survey)].

PMID- 1094172
TI  - [Konstantin Dmitrievich Esipov (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 1094173
TI  - [Boris Solomonovich Veisbrod (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 1094174
TI  - [Lev Konstantinovich Bogush (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1094175
TI  - [Lymphography and radioisotope dilution technic in diagnosis of obliterating
      diseases of the lower limbs].

PMID- 1094176
TI  - [Surgical treatment of occlusive lesions of the branches of the aortic arch].

PMID- 1094177
TI  - [Postmortem radiologic and anatomical examination of the orbital arterial system
      in man].

PMID- 1094178
TI  - [Problems of the immunotherapy of malignant neoplasma].

PMID- 1094179
TI  - [Nikolai Evgen'evich Kavetskii (1896-1974)].

PMID- 1094180
TI  - [Controlled studies in medicine].

PMID- 1094181
TI  - [Relationship of pathological changes in the stomach to chronic nonspecific lung
      diseases].

PMID- 1094182
TI  - [Experience in the study of symptomatology of acquired toxoplasmosis].

PMID- 1094184
TI  - [Use of vofaverdin dye for the study of liver blood flow].

PMID- 1094183
TI  - [Effect of food on the assimilation of drugs by the body and on their
      pharmacodynamics].

PMID- 1094185
TI  - Relationship between pancreatic lesions and serum glucose values in Mystromys
      albicaudatus.
AB  - Serum glucose levels and pancreatic islet cell changes were studied in
      combination in 127 Mystromys albicaudatus in an effort to develop better criteria
      for defining diabetes mellitus in thiss rodent. The study supports a previous
      report in which 170 mg/100 ml was selected as indicative of hyperglycemia based
      on statistical analysis of serum glucose distributions. The presence of
      exceptions to predicted correlations between islet cell changes and serum glucose
      levels was identified for further study.

PMID- 1094186
TI  - A technic for the collection of peritoneal cells from laboratory animals.
AB  - A simple method was devised for the collection of peritoneal cells from rats,
      Chinese hamsters, and mice using a special glass pipette. Cell collection was
      performed by lavage on the intact unanesthetized animal within 30-60 sec, and it
      yielded 5-20 million cells per rat and 0.3-2.5 million cells per mouse or Chinese
      hamster. The procedure can be repeated on different occasions in the same animal
      without apparent adverse effects.

PMID- 1094187
TI  - Usefulness of wooden applicator sticks for making subcultures of micro-organisms.

PMID- 1094188
TI  - Apparatus for flattening large histological and cytological sections.

PMID- 1094189
TI  - A simple method for growing undifferentiated mouse neuroblastoma cells.

PMID- 1094190
TI  - Testing for nitrate reduction by bacteria: the use of Cleve's acid (8
      aminonaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid) to determine nitrite formation.

PMID- 1094191
TI  - Gastrin levels and gastric acid secretion in anephric patients and in patients
      with chronic and acute renal failure.

PMID- 1094192
TI  - Endothelial repopulation in venous allografts.

PMID- 1094193
TI  - Evaluation of prophylactic antibiotics in acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 1094194
TI  - Carcinogenesis in an immunologically privileged site.

PMID- 1094195
TI  - Pulmonary extravasation of albumin during and after hemorrhagic shock in baboons.

PMID- 1094196
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels and tumor histology in colon cancer.

PMID- 1094197
TI  - Evidence for obstructive etiology in intravenous bacterial pyelonephritis.

PMID- 1094198
TI  - The effect of hypotensive anesthesia on renal hemodynamics.

PMID- 1094199
TI  - Consistent protection from pancreatitis in canine pancreas allografts treated
      with 5-fluorouracil.

PMID- 1094200
TI  - Potent immunosuppressive effects of heterologous antiimmunoglobulin serum.

PMID- 1094201
TI  - Hormonal influences on skin graft survival in mice.

PMID- 1094202
TI  - Determination of pulsatile flow rates by indicator-dilution methods.

PMID- 1094203
TI  - Statistical measures of bacterial motility and chemotaxis.

PMID- 1094204
TI  - On the effect of a small parameter and the possibility of limit cycle behaviour
      in a negatively inductive control system.

PMID- 1094205
TI  - Lung water accumulation with acute hemodilution in dogs.
AB  - Extravascular lung water content was determined in vivo, gravimetrically, and
      histologically in severely hemodiluted (Ringer's lactate), supine, spontaneously
      breathing, halothane-anesthetized dogs. One group of dogs was studied immediately
      after undergoing hemodilution to a hematocrit value of less than 10 per cent; a
      second group was studied after hemodilution and 1 hour of circulatory maintenance
      with Ringer's lactate; and a third group was evaluated after hemodilution,
      maintenance for one hour with Ringer's lactate, and reconstitution of oncotic
      pressure with 75 Gm human salt-poor albumin. Lung water content was increased
      significantly from a normal of 3.88 Gm water per gram of dry weight to 4.70 Gm
      per gram of dry weight by hemodilution; it was increased further to 5.71 tgm per
      gram of dry weight during 1 hour of maintenance with Ringer's lactate.
      Reconstitution of oncotic pressure decreased the water content significantly to
      4.96 and decreased the units demonstrating perivascular-peribronchial cuffing
      from 81 to 23 per cent. Double indication-dilution measurement of PEVW failed to
      reliably reflect changes in lung water. Arterial PO2 with the animals breathing
      100 per cent oxygen was unchanged in all of the groups. We made the following
      conclusions: (1) lung water accumulation occurs during severe hemodilution and
      serum protein depletion; (2) this may be partially reversed by restoration of
      oncotic pressure; (3) double indicator-dilution PEVW measurements do not reliably
      reflect changes in extravascular lung water of less than 47 per cent; and (4)
      interstitial edema of this magnitude does not interfere with blood-gas exchange.

PMID- 1094206
TI  - [Anaerobic bacteria--occurrence, laboratory diagnosis and sensitivity to
      antibiotics].

PMID- 1094207
TI  - [Results of the Coronary Drug Project--routine treatment of infarct patients with
      serum lipid reductants].

PMID- 1094208
TI  - ["Lipid research clinics"--a new concept in clinical atherosclerosis research].

PMID- 1094209
TI  - [3 short-acting intravenous anesthetics--clinical comparison with double-blind
      technique].

PMID- 1094210
TI  - [Value of spasmenzyme in gastroenterology].

PMID- 1094212
TI  - The hexokinase acceptor of insulin action hormonal control of functional
      compartmentation.

PMID- 1094211
TI  - The correlated actions of vitamin C, K, and Q.

PMID- 1094213
TI  - Tetrahydrocannabinols and serum prolactin levels in man.

PMID- 1094214
TI  - Antimicrobial agents from higher plants.  The quaternary alkaloids of Ptelea
      trifoliata.
AB  - Quaternary alkaloid extracts of Ptelea trifoliata showed potentially interesting
      antimicrobial activity.  Chromatographic examination showed the presence of six
      components.  Of these, choline and O-4-methyl ptelefolinium were known compounds.
      Rational structures are proposed for the new alkaloids, O-4
      methylhydroxyluninium, neohydroxylunine and pteleatinium salts.  Pteleatinium
      salt is responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the extracts of the plant.

PMID- 1094215
TI  - Quantitation of amanitins in Amanita verna with calf thymus RNA polymerase B.
AB  - A procedure utilizing the specific inhibition of calf thymus DNA-directed RNA
      polymerase B has been applied to the quantitation of amanitins.  This procedure
      has permitted the accurate quantitation of alpha-amanitin in amounts as low as
      0.05 nanogram, a sensitivity 2000-fold greater than chemical detection methods
      used following tlc.  Analysis of extracts of specimens of Amanita verna
      identified by morphological criteria has demonstrated that while toxin
      concentration is variable, some specimens are practically devoid of amanitins and
      may represent a variety of A. verna or a distinct species.

PMID- 1094216
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of bladder neoplasms after radiation therapy].

PMID- 1094217
TI  - [Scientific-research and practical work of Soviet roentgenologists and
      radiologists during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)].

PMID- 1094218
TI  - [Interpretation of the results of radioisotope studies of the functional state of
      the organs and systems].

PMID- 1094219
TI  - Should you seriously consider renal transplantation?

PMID- 1094220
TI  - [Headache and masked depression in the doctor's consulting room].

PMID- 1094221
TI  - [What can we and should we learn from the historical development of teaching of
      pulse?].

PMID- 1094222
TI  - [Possibilities of microscopic liver observation for the recognition of
      microcirculatory disorders. Biomicroscopic phenomenology of the capillary bed].

PMID- 1094223
TI  - [So-called pulmonary shock].

PMID- 1094224
TI  - [Surgery of the pancreas. History and developmental trends].

PMID- 1094225
TI  - [Outpatient testing of Viru-Merz in herpes simples infections of the skin].

PMID- 1094226
TI  - [Experience with fractionate massive-dose Ifosfamid therapy of generalized
      malignant tumors].

PMID- 1094227
TI  - [Effect of trasylol on changes in enzyme activities in perfusate during kidney
      preservation and on the survival time of autotransplanted kidneys in dogs].

PMID- 1094228
TI  - [Present status of the dialysis treatment in chronic renal failure].

PMID- 1094229
TI  - [Editorial: Histocompatibility and renal transplantation].

PMID- 1094230
TI  - 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of baker's yeast.

PMID- 1094231
TI  - 2-keto-4-hydroxyglutarate aldolase from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1094232
TI  - Enolase from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1094233
TI  - Hexokinases from yeast.

PMID- 1094234
TI  - Ion-exchange chromatography of streptothricin-like antibiotics.

PMID- 1094235
TI  - Ion-exchange chromatography of aminoglycoside antibodies.

PMID- 1094236
TI  - Genetic methods for the study of antibiotic resistance plasmids.

PMID- 1094237
TI  - L-alanine61D-1-guanidino-1-deoxy-3-deto-scyllo-inositol aminotransferase.

PMID- 1094238
TI  - Antibiotic assays principles and precautions.

PMID- 1094239
TI  - Beta-lactamase (Escherichia coli R+TEM.

PMID- 1094240
TI  - Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase from chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria.

PMID- 1094241
TI  - Immunological techniques for studying beta-lactamases.

PMID- 1094242
TI  - Agar plate cultrue and Lederberg-style replica plating of mammalian cells.

PMID- 1094243
TI  - Isolation and manipulation of salivary gland nuclei and chromosomes.

PMID- 1094244
TI  - Distinguished British nurses of the past. 1: Elizabeth Alkin - nurse and secret
      agent, 1616-1655.

PMID- 1094245
TI  - Early English midwifery.

PMID- 1094246
TI  - The enigma of anencephaly and spina bifida.

PMID- 1094247
TI  - Distinguished British nurses of the past. 4: Mrs. Elizabeth Preece, matron,
      Bristol Infirmary (1778-1790).

PMID- 1094248
TI  - 19th century midwifery and the formation of the C.M.B.

PMID- 1094249
TI  - Sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine in the treatment of falciparum malaria in Vietnam.

PMID- 1094250
TI  - Psychosurgery--the handmaiden of the technological society.

PMID- 1094251
TI  - Bryan Tobyn Keon-Cohen.

PMID- 1094252
TI  - Clive Wentworth Uhr.

PMID- 1094253
TI  - [New sequential therapy in the premenopause (author's transl)].
AB  - A report about the treatment of 85 women in the premenopause during 387 cycles is
      given. The treatment consisted in sequential therapy in form of conjugated
      Estrogens (Presomen) and a new synthetic Gestagen, which was given in three
      different modifications: from the fifth to the 24-th day of the cycle 1,25 mg
      Presomen a day, additionally on the last five, seven or ten days, during each
      period 6 respectively 5 mg Gestagen a day. It proved that both, the disfunctional
      haemorrhages as well as the climacteric syndrome, were favourably influenced. The
      mode 10+10, that is, 10 days Estrogens alone + 10 days combined with ;estagen,
      proved best. A sufficiently secure contraception is not guaranteed. This can be
      recognized by the occurence of biphasic basal temperature curves.

PMID- 1094254
TI  - [Implantation of metals and plastics in surgery].

PMID- 1094255
TI  - [Indication and technic of thrombectomy in the therapy of thrombosis].
AB  - The problems of appropriate treatment of thrombosis are as follow: 1. the
      prevention of a lung-embolus, 2. the rapid rehabilitation of the venous
      circulation, 3. the avoidance of a post-thrombotic syndrom. The best ways of
      meeting these demands are through fibrinolysis as well as by operative treatment
      (thrombectomy). According to the author's findings, 58 cases of thrombectomy of
      acute, deep thrombosis of the veins have been reported with regards to the
      indication and technic of this method of treatment of thrombosis. Indications for
      thrombectomy are phlegmasia coerulea dolens and the occurrence of a mobile
      thrombosis as well as an unsuccessful treatment with fibrinolysis.

PMID- 1094256
TI  - [A case of sarcoidosis with simultaneous primary hyperparathyroidism, coincedence
      or consequnce?].
AB  - We have reported of a case of generalised sarcoidosis with primary
      hyperparathyroidism.  A pathogenetic relation between sarcoidosis associated with
      hypercalcemia and the development of parathyroid adenoma will be discussed and a
      causal connection will be proposed.  According to our hypothesis every primary
      hyperparathyroidism could have developed from regulatory hyperfunction.  This is
      illustrated by sarcoidosis with hypercalcemia and hypercalcuria.  In this case a
      disturbance in vitamin D dependent calcium metabolism induces hyperplasia of the
      parathyroid which later leads to the development of a parathyroid adenoma.  In
      addition a review of literature describing similar cases is given.

PMID- 1094257
TI  - [Anemia in kidney insufficiency, during chronic hemodialysis and following kidney
      transplantation].

PMID- 1094258
TI  - Compulsory medical treatment and a patient's free exercise of religion.

PMID- 1094259
TI  - [On January 8, 1975 Renato Morbidelli died at Turin].

PMID- 1094260
TI  - [Epidemics of enteritis caused by E. coli 3119:K69 and E. coli 0111:K58 in
      hospitalized premature and other infants].

PMID- 1094261
TI  - [Piero Fornara, 1897-1975].

PMID- 1094262
TI  - Karl Wilhelm Stenstrom, Ph.D. 1891-1973.

PMID- 1094263
TI  - Reflections on a physicist turned clinician.

PMID- 1094264
TI  - Recent advances in neuroradiology.  Some aspects of computerized transaxial
      tomography of the head.

PMID- 1094265
TI  - Radiologic diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1094266
TI  - Status of nuclear medicine in Minnesota with some notes on its history.

PMID- 1094267
TI  - Benefit vs risk in the practice of nuclear medicine.

PMID- 1094268
TI  - A successful academic partnership: K. Wilhelm Stenstrom and the Department of
      Radiology, University of Minnesota.

PMID- 1094269
TI  - Enteroviruses and the heart (with special emphasis on the probable role of
      coxsackieviruses, group B, types 1-5). II. Observations in humans.

PMID- 1094270
TI  - Social and psychological risk factors in coronary heart disease.

PMID- 1094271
TI  - Pharmacological agents and auscultation.

PMID- 1094272
TI  - The relative rheumatogenicity of strains of group A streptococci.

PMID- 1094273
TI  - Estrogen induction of ovalbumin mRNA: evidence for transcription control.
AB  - Estrogen induces the synthesis and accumulation of the specific messenger RNA for
      the egg white protein ovalbumin. The messenger RNA has been purified to apparent
      homogeneity on a preparative scale and utilized to synthesize a radioactive
      complementary DNA copy. This  complementary DNA probe was first used to reveal
      that although ovalbumin constitutes 60% of the total protein of chick oviduct the
      gene which codes for the ovalbumin nRNA is represented only once in each haploid
      genome: The induction of genetranscription and subsequent accumulation of
      ovalbumin mRNA during estrogen-mediated tissue differentiation was also
      investigated. Ovalbumin mRNA sequences were quantifiedusing the complementary DNA
      probe and by an in vitro heterologous translation system. Similar experiments
      were performed using chicks which were withdrawn from hormone treatment and then
      given a single injection of estrogen. The data suggest pure transcriptional
      control for the mechanism by which estrogen regulates the synthesis of the
      tissuespecific protein ovalbumin. Finally, several in vitro translation systems
      are comparedwith respect to their usefullness to assess the effects of hormones
      on mRNA production. It is concluded that the protein synthesis system derived
      from wheat germ offers thegreatest advantages for initial studies.

PMID- 1094275
TI  - In memoriam. Ralph M. Colp, M.D. 1893-1974.

PMID- 1094274
TI  - The respiratory distress syndrome and glcocorticoid treatment: the case for
      enzyme induction.

PMID- 1094276
TI  - Yeast mutants sensitive to trimethoprim.
AB  - Wild-type strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are resistant to growth inhibition
      by the folate antagonist trimethoprim. A mutant strain sensitive to trimethoprim
      was isolated. It was found to be sensitive to both ultraviolet light and X
      irradiation. Genetic tests revealed that it was allelic with a known radiation
      sensitive strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, rad 6-I. Strains harbouring a
      variety of mutant alleles conferring radiation-sensitivity were tested for
      sensitivity to trimethoprim. It was found that rad 6-I and each of the four known
      alleles of rad 18 conferred sensitivity to the drug, but all other rad mutants
      tested were trimethoprim-resistant. All trimethoprim-sensitive strains, including
      double mutants of rad 6 rad 18, gave rise to trimethoprim-resistant outgrowths at
      a rather high frequency (similar to 10-minus 5). Several resistant outgrowths
      were analysed. A wide variation in phenotype with respect of UV-sensitivty was
      found. Genetical analysis revealed that resistance to trimethoprim resulted from
      forward mutations at separate loci rather than back mutations of rad 6 or rad 18
      alleles.

PMID- 1094278
TI  - Effects of the Escherichia coli K12 recA56, uvrB and polA mutations on UV
      reactivation in bacteriophage T7.

PMID- 1094277
TI  - Post-irradiation modifications of radiation-induced heteroallelic reversion in
      diploid yeast: effect of nutrient broth.
AB  - The effect of post-irradiation growth in complete rich medium on the expression
      of the reversion to arginine-independence induced by gamma and alpha radiation in
      a heteroallelic diploid yeast strain (Saccharomyces cerevisiae BZ34) has been
      studied. During the post-irradiation treatment the reversion frequency increased,
      reached a peak at about 90 min and decreased thereafter reaching a constant value
      for treatment periods exceeding 6 h. As determined by the increase in number of
      budding cells, extensive DNA synthesis took place in cells incubated only in the
      nutrient medium and not in the omission medium. Hence the observed increase in
      the reversion frequency is explained on the basis that post-irradiation DNA
      synthesis is necessary for the expression of gene conversion. The decrease in the
      reversion frequency for continued treatment with yeast extract, peptone, dextrose
      (YEPD) is related to the fact that only one daughter of the post-irradiation
      first cell division is a revertant. The broth effect was not lost when the
      irradiated cells were first incubated for 90 min in arginine-less medium and then
      transferred to the broth. Similarly, the broth effect persisted even at doses
      high enough to induce considerable division delay. These results suggest that the
      radiation-induced pre-conversional lesions are not susceptible to repair by
      alternative pathways.

PMID- 1094279
TI  - Use of repair-deficient strains of Escherichia coli and liver microsomes to
      detect and characterise DNA damage caused by pyrrolizidine alkaloids heliotrine
      and monocrotaline.
AB  - E. coli WP2 and its repair-deficient derivatives were treated with the
      pyrrolizidine alkaloids, heliotrine and monocrotaline in the presence of a liver
      microsomal fraction. The doubly repair-deficient strains WP100 uvrA recA and
      CM611 uvrA exrA showed considerable killing. The singly repair-deficient strains
      WP2 uvrA, CM561 exrA and CM571 recA showed slight killing. In strains WP2 and WP2
      uvrA induced reversion to Trp+ was not detected with either monocrotaline or
      mitomycin C. These results are entirely consistent with liver activation
      converting pyrrolizidine alkaloids into bifunctional alkylating agents.

PMID- 1094280
TI  - Mutation and DNA replication in Escherichia coli treated with low concentrations
      of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
AB  - N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (nitrosoguanidine) causes an unexpectedly
      high frequency of closely linked double mutants because of its specificity for
      chromosome regions in replication. Low nitrosoguanidine concentrations (I mug/ml)
      in liquid cultures allow replications at the normal rate and are mutagenic. It
      was expected that mutations would be spread over the chromosome as it replicated,
      but a high frequency of closely linked double mutants was found. If a thymine
      auxotroph is grown in the presence of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) and
      nitrosoguanidine, then exposed to 313-nm radiation (which destroys BUdR
      substituted DNA), the mutation frequency is much higher among survivors than
      among non-irradiated cells. It is concluded that nitrosoguanidine inhibits DNA
      replication in a small fraction of the population and that mutations are induced
      in that same fraction. Nitrosoguanidine treatment leads to a high frequency of
      closely linked double mutants under all known conditions.

PMID- 1094281
TI  - Ultraviolet light-induced responses of an mfd mutant of Escherichia coli B/r
      having a slow rate of dimer excision.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli B/r designated mfd has drastically reduced ability
      to exhibit "mutation frequency decline" (MFD) the irreversible loss of potential
      suppressor mutations which occurs when protein synthesis is briefly inhibited
      after irradiation with UV. We have found that the initial rate of thymine dimer
      excision in the mfd mutant is only about one-third that of its mfd+ parent strain
      after a UV dose of 400 erg/mm-2. The yield of UV-induced Tyr+ revertants is 4-10
      times higher in the mfd strain than in the mfd+ strain. This is comparable to the
      level of UV-mutability in the mfd+ strain in the presence of caffeine, an
      inhibitor of dimer excision. UV-mutability, prophage induction and Weigle
      reactivation of irradiated gamma phage occur to a greater extent at low UV doses
      (10-50 erg/mm-2) in the mfd strain compared to the mfd+ strain. We propose that
      the slow excision repair in the mfd mutant results in a shift in the induction
      threshold for these UV-inducible functions toward lower UV doses.

PMID- 1094282
TI  - [Immunologic reaction induced by Candida albicans (1. continuation)].

PMID- 1094283
TI  - [Comparative titre-determination using the Candida-hemagglutination test and the
      Candida-immunofluorescence test].

PMID- 1094284
TI  - [Blastomyces in the rooms of a dermatological clinical center].

PMID- 1094285
TI  - Surgical laryngeal closure to eliminate chronic aspiration.

PMID- 1094286
TI  - Letter: Terminal transferase and error-prone repair of dna in bacteria.

PMID- 1094287
TI  - Surgical measures for coronary heart disease (third of three parts).

PMID- 1094288
TI  - Reversible achalasia due to reticulum-cell sarcoma.

PMID- 1094289
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 28-1975.

PMID- 1094290
TI  - Another look at immunologic surveillance.

PMID- 1094291
TI  - Drug therapy: Propranolol.

PMID- 1094292
TI  - A lymphatic approach to tissue injury.

PMID- 1094293
TI  - Letter: Hemolytic uremic syndrome after shigellosis.

PMID- 1094294
TI  - DIRECTORY.

PMID- 1094295
TI  - Stringent control of the transcriptional activities of ribosomal protein genes in
      E. coli.

PMID- 1094296
TI  - Suppressor T cells in mice made unresponsive to skin allografts.

PMID- 1094297
TI  - Survival of orally administered E. coli K 12 in alimentary tract of man.

PMID- 1094298
TI  - Viability of, and transfer of a plasmid from, E. coli K12 in human intestine.

PMID- 1094299
TI  - Carcinogenicity and mutagenicity tests of some hair colourants and constituents.

PMID- 1094300
TI  - Helper function of T7 protein kinase in virus propagation.

PMID- 1094301
TI  - Defective microbicidal activity in glutathione peroxidase-deficient neutrophils
      of selenium-deficient rats.

PMID- 1094302
TI  - Tissue-mediated mutagenicity of vinylidene chloride and 2-chlorobutadiene in
      Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 1094303
TI  - Study of cell development using depressed mutations.

PMID- 1094304
TI  - Localisation of caps on mouse B lymphocytes by scanning electron microscopy.

PMID- 1094305
TI  - Immunogenicity of mouse trophoblast and embryonic sac.

PMID- 1094306
TI  - Ultrastructural demonstration and analytical application of extrajunctional
      receptors of denervated human and rat skeletal muscle fibres.

PMID- 1094307
TI  - Lambda lysogens of E. coli reproduce more rapidly than non-lysogens.

PMID- 1094309
TI  - Divalent cation ionophore A23187 forms lipid soluble complexes with leucine and
      other amino acids.

PMID- 1094308
TI  - Protective tumour cell ghosts with intact membrane markers.

PMID- 1094310
TI  - [Pasteurella multocida sepsis in a patient with sickle cell anemia].

PMID- 1094311
TI  - [New papovaviruses in humans].

PMID- 1094312
TI  - Fifty years in practice.

PMID- 1094313
TI  - Endotoxin and acute renal failure.
AB  - The hypothesis of acute renal failure which now best fits the facts is that it is
      a Shwartzman equivalent, due to the multiple noxious effects of endotoxin.
      Endotoxin alone can account for all those separate factors which are known to
      cause an increase of the renal vascular resistance. The discrepancies and the
      implications are discussed.

PMID- 1094314
TI  - Effects of large doses of furosemide in end-stage chronic renal failure.
AB  - Administered orally at 500 mg/day to patients in end-stage chronic renal failure
      treated by hemodialysis, furosemide significantly decreases the weight gain
      between dialyses and increases sodium excretion rate. This therapy remains
      without effect on blood pressure, creatinine clearance and urinary excretion of
      potassium and nitrogen. Devoid of any side-effects, at least during short
      periods, the treatment may contribute to achieve better control of sodium and
      water balance.

PMID- 1094315
TI  - [The medicine in the Electorate of Bavaria. Work and influence of the king-and
      court-physicians on the legislation and organization].

PMID- 1094316
TI  - Effect of castration upon hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LH
      RF).
AB  - The effect of castration upon hypothalamic LH-RF synthesis and content was
      determined in mature male rats. In each single experiment 20 hypothalami from
      both normal and 60-day-castrated rats were bisected into symmetrical portions.
      For the determination of LH-RF synthesis 20 hypothalamic halves were incubated
      for 120 min. After incubation the tissue was homogenized in medium containing 1 N
      acetic acid, and centrifuged; 1.0 ml of the supernatant was used to test LH-RF
      activity. In the other 20 halves, hypothalamic LH-RF content was determined: the
      samples were homogenized without incubation in 1 N acetic acid, centrifuged, and
      LH-RF activity was tested in 1.0 ml of the supernatant. LH-RF activity was
      determined in vivo in ovariectomized rats pre-treated with estrogen-progesterone
      by measuring, by radioimmunoassay, the LH modifications in serum after the i.v.
      administration of the extracts. Hypothalamic LH-RF content was significantly
      higher in control than in castrated rats (p is less than 0.001). After incubation
      there were no changes in the LH-releasing potency of control hypothalami compared
      with non-incubated tissue, whereas a significant increase (616%) was found after
      the incubation of hypothalami from castrated rats. On the other hand, after
      incubation LH-RF activity was higher (p is less than 0.02) in castrated than in
      control hypothalami. These results suggest that castration stimulates the release
      and synthesis of hypothalamic LH-RF in male rats.

PMID- 1094317
TI  - First Geoffrey Harris Memorial lecture. Some recent developments in brain
      pituitary-ovarian physiology.
AB  - Figure 14 summarizes some of the brain-pituitary-ovarian relationships which we
      have been discussing. Neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypophysiotropic area
      produce LRH which is secreted into the proximal capillary plexus of the
      hypophysio-portal system in the median eminence. LRH production is modulated in
      the rat and possibly also in the monkey by direct input from the preoptic region
      and less directly by facilitatory and inhibitory projections from the amygdala,
      hippocampus and midbrain. Electrophysiological evidence has been presented for
      "ultrashort' feedback action of LRH on arcuate neurons as well as the "short'
      feedback loop of LH. Gonadal steroids are pictured as feeding back directly to
      the pituitary and to several sites in the brain where positive and negative
      influences are exerted on both pituitary-ovarian function and sexual behavior.
      Evidence has been presented that adrenergic mechanisms influence LRH release with
      norepinephrine facilitatory and dopamine inhibitory to the process; dopaminergic
      neurons may be more intimately related to the control of prolactin secretion, and
      some consider dopamine and prolactin inhibiting factor to be identical. Finally,
      immunological methods as represented by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay
      promise further important developments in this field in the near future. I am
      sure that Geoffrey Harris would have been pleased with the progress made in
      answering the questions which he raised in his Dale lecture.

PMID- 1094318
TI  - Clinical evaluation of eterobarb, a new anticonvulsant drug.
AB  - Two clinical investigations of a new anticonvulsant, eterobarb, N,N'
      dimethoxymethyl phenobarbital (DMMP), were conducted in separate geographic
      regions. The drug has considerable efficacy in reducing the frequency of partial
      seizures, with and without secondary generalization, as well as generalized tonic
      clonic seizures. Sedation did not appear to be as prominent with this barbiturate
      as it was with phenobarbital or primidone.

PMID- 1094319
TI  - Tubular aggregates in subclinical alcoholic myopathy.
AB  - A 34-year-old chronic alcoholic with acute alcoholic intoxication was found to
      have extensive aggregates on muscle biopsy performed 48 hours after admission.
      Forearm ischemic exercise failed to demonstrate normal generation of lactic acid.
      Pathologic changes in the muscle biopsy consisted of subsarcolemmal accumulations
      of bright purple-red material with trichrome reaction. This material stained
      darkly with NADH-TR but was unstained with myofibrillar ATPase and Pas.
      Ultrastructural studies revealed that these regions contained tubular aggregates.
      A second biopsy 7 days later failed to demonstrate any significant abnormalities.
      Two weeks later, lactate generation was normal. Previous observations by other
      authors that tubular aggregates may be concerned with correction of metabolic
      defect or detoxification of endogenous toxins could apply in our case.

PMID- 1094320
TI  - 9-Alpha-fluorohydrocortisone in the treatment of postural hypotension in diabetic
      autonomic neuropathy.
AB  - A double-blind crossover study of fludrocortisone, 0,1 mg. twice daily, and
      placebo is reported in six diabetics with troublesome symptoms of postural
      hypotension due to autonomic neuropathy. During treatment with the active
      preparation there was an increase in the lying and tilted systolic blood
      pressure, a decrease in orthostatic tachycardia, and in increase in the total
      plasma volume and body weight, but with no change in plasma or urine osmolality;
      The symptoms of postural hypotension improved in four patients, while two
      patients with a low serum albumin developed ankle edema during treatment with
      fludrocortisone. It is concluded that fludrocortisone is effective in diabetics
      with symptomatic postural hypotesnion, but should be used with caution in
      patients with a low serum albumin.

PMID- 1094321
TI  - Historical perspective to a current controversy on the clinical spectrum of
      plumbism.
AB  - Concepts of health risk associated with lead usage have undergone profound
      change. In the past observations of the relationship between lead usage and lead
      poisoning were severely limited by lack of knowledge and the relatively small
      quantity of the metal used. The benefits of lead usage, when contrasted with the
      risk incurred, outweighed the known hazards. Industrial growth contributed to the
      increased interest in lead poisoning. A significant increase of workers at risk
      generated new interest in an old disease. A concept of control developed based
      upon the principle of a dose-response relationship. The old idea of benefit
      versus risk remained because technological society needed lead but agreed that by
      controlling the factory environment lead could be used safely. The criteria for
      injury remained climical plumbism. Growth and change in lead utilization, once
      again, brought lead hazard to the forefront. New applications distributed lead
      throughout the environment exposiing both workers and the general population. A
      segment of the scientific community now suggests that the old criteria to judge
      risk, clinical symptoms of plumbism, are inadequate.

PMID- 1094322
TI  - [Resuscitation in coma].

PMID- 1094323
TI  - [1st experiences with CT 1341 in anesthesiology].

PMID- 1094324
TI  - [Evaluation of results in the surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer. Review of the
      world literature].

PMID- 1094325
TI  - [Studies of criminal anthropology in Hungary in the 19th century].

PMID- 1094326
TI  - [Lombroso and hungarian jurisprudence].

PMID- 1094327
TI  - [Use of a new non-steroid anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of
      inflammation of gynecological origin].

PMID- 1094328
TI  - [Phenylprenazone in the obstetrical-gynecological practice].

PMID- 1094329
TI  - [100 years of life, 100 years of history].

PMID- 1094330
TI  - Effects and metabolism of glucose tolerance factor.

PMID- 1094331
TI  - Diet, intestinal flora, and colon cancer.

PMID- 1094332
TI  - Studies on selenium.

PMID- 1094333
TI  - The American Journal of Physiology Volume XIII: 117-138, 1905. A theory of
      protein metabolism.

PMID- 1094334
TI  - Iron and the regulation of erythropoiesis.

PMID- 1094335
TI  - Central nervous system leukemia.

PMID- 1094336
TI  - Pancreatography. Combined method of arteriography, air and subtraction.

PMID- 1094337
TI  - Cancer education in perspective. Continuing challenge.

PMID- 1094338
TI  - King Asa's presumed gout. Twentieth century A.D discussion of ninth century B.C.
      biblical patient.

PMID- 1094339
TI  - The burned female breast.

PMID- 1094340
TI  - Insanity and criminality in Tobias Smollett's Roderick Random.

PMID- 1094341
TI  - Aphorisms of Judah Hurwitz, M.D.; erudite physician, ethical philosopher, and
      author.

PMID- 1094342
TI  - Strongyloidiasis with massive hyperinfection.

PMID- 1094343
TI  - Tortuous innominate artery simulating thyroid nodule.

PMID- 1094344
TI  - A university department of medicine in Wellington.

PMID- 1094346
TI  - Editorial: Medical education: essays for the Otago Medical School centenary 1875
      1975.

PMID- 1094345
TI  - The historical background of New Zealand Medicine.

PMID- 1094347
TI  - Letter: Kidney stones in children.

PMID- 1094348
TI  - Klebsiella urinary tract infection.
AB  - The Klebsiella species form a heterogeneous group of gram negative, lactose
      fermenting, encapsulated, non-motile bacilli. They are important urinary tract
      pathogens, especially in long stay hospital patients and infection is often
      associated with urethral catheterisation. The laboratory characterisation of
      these organisms by biochemical means is time consuming and not entirely
      satisfactory. Antibiotic sensitivity tests indicate that gentamicin is the drug
      of choice for treatment of a urinary tract infection due to klebsiella.

PMID- 1094349
TI  - Gastric ulcer controlled trial using a licorice derivative rucedal.
AB  - A controlled trial of a licorice derivative, Rucedal, used in the management of
      gastric ulcer did not hasten the healing of the ulcer over eight weeks.

PMID- 1094350
TI  - Biennial conference of the Medical Association, Dunedin, 16-21 February 1975.

PMID- 1094351
TI  - Fourteenth memorial oration.

PMID- 1094352
TI  - Anthony F. Posteraro. President--1975.

PMID- 1094353
TI  - The Jarvie-Burkhart Award presentation.

PMID- 1094354
TI  - Annual session report of the ADA trustee--1975.

PMID- 1094355
TI  - Utilization of adhesives in toothbrush abrasion.

PMID- 1094356
TI  - Odontophilately.

PMID- 1094357
TI  - Anaerobic infections of the female genital tract: prospects and perspectives.

PMID- 1094358
TI  - [Classification (a working scheme) of leukomas for lamellar keratoplasty].

PMID- 1094359
TI  - [Comparative results of optic interlamellar keratoplasty in leukomas and
      therapeutic-tectonic transplantation in experimental chemical burns of the
      cornea].

PMID- 1094360
TI  - [Experimental study of the use of embryonal cornea for lamellar keratoplasty].

PMID- 1094361
TI  - [Prominent Soviet scientist-builder of the social health service (on the
      centenary of the birth of Academician V.P. Filatov)].

PMID- 1094362
TI  - [Uveopathies, early diagnosis and treatment (survey of Soviet and foreign
      literature)].

PMID- 1094363
TI  - Complications following the use of a cheek flap rotation to reconstruct the lower
      lid.

PMID- 1094364
TI  - Combined Kelman procedure (phaco-emulsification cataract extraction) and
      simultaneous aphakic penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - The problem  of management of coexistent lenticular and corneal opacification is,
      as yet, unresolved. Combined intracapsular cataract extraction and penetrating
      keratoplasty affords the risk of vitreous loss at the time of surgery or perhaps
      the even greater risk of vitreous adhesion to the donor cornea. Leaving an intact
      posterior capsule would certainly avoid the problems of vitreous touch. Where
      applicable, we have been utilizing the technique of combined phaco-emulsification
      cataract extraction followed by aphakic penetrating keratoplasty leaving an
      intact posterior capsule and removing all cortical remnants with the irrigation
      aspiration probe of the Kelman Cavitron unit. This technique has proved extremely
      useful in our hands and we suggest that it is a useful alternative in the
      management of coexistent lenticular and corneal opacification.

PMID- 1094365
TI  - [Patient's psychological reactions to an automated ophthalmologic examination].

PMID- 1094366
TI  - Primary reticulum-cell sarcoma of the mandible. Review of the literature and
      report of a case.
AB  - A 52-year-old man developed intermittent swelling, pain, and paresthesia during a
      one-year period prior to the histologic diagnosis of reticulum-cell sarcoma. The
      clinical profile and radiographic examination suggested either chronic
      osteomyelitis or malignancy. Treatment was confirmed to radiation therapy with
      resolution of the malignancy but a guarded prognosis. Twenty-two previously
      reported cases of primary reticulum-cell sarcoma of the mandible are reviewed.

PMID- 1094367
TI  - Treatment of labyrinthine fistulae by a closed technique.
AB  - A fistula on the lateral semicircular canal was found in 14 (4.8%) ears with
      cholesteatoma. In 11 patients with preserved inner-ear function the cholesteatoma
      membrane was removed, the fistula was solidly closed with fascia, bone, and again
      fascia. The cavity was obliterated, the meatal wall reconstructed, and
      tympanoplasty performed in the same stage. Ten patients obtained a hearing gain,
      an average of 16.8 dB, while one developed anacusis. The results show that the
      cholesteatoma matrix can be removed from most fistulae. In the case of large
      fistulae, in which the cholesteatoma matrix is adhering to or invading the
      fistula, there is a great risk of perceptive hearing loss. By closing the fistula
      with fascia and bone and using a closed technique a lasting hearing gain may be
      achieved.

PMID- 1094368
TI  - Therapeutic problems in laryngo-tracheal stenoses.
AB  - History revealed iatrogenic injury (tracheostomy, intubation, artificial
      respiration) to be the reason for tracheal stenosis in each of our 32 cases (18
      female, 14 male). So far 23 cases have been treated successfully and they live
      without a cannula; seven are still under treatment, while two patients died
      (severe heart-attack, spontaneous pneumothorax) and one refused further
      treatment. We were relatively successful in six cases of sleeve resection. All
      other 26 cases were treated by creating a tracheal groove, in which tracheal
      mucosa and skin of the neck were joined and the caudal end mostly kept open by
      using a pedicle skin flap. Intrathoracic stenoses require a sternotomy. An
      additional thyroidectomy and lateral traction to the tracheal walls by using
      loops out of the sternomastoid muscle became necessary in many cases and we
      obligatorily used tamponades of plastic inlay bolts, the average time of
      treatment being 8 months.

PMID- 1094369
TI  - [Role of extended amputation in treatment of neoplasms of bones and soft tissues
      of the limbs and pelvis].

PMID- 1094370
TI  - [Case of primary combined plastic surgery in severe open complicated hand
      injury].

PMID- 1094371
TI  - [Instrument for insertion of suture material into the wound].

PMID- 1094372
TI  - [Organization of united service of scientific information at the Institutes of
      Traumatology and Orthopedics].

PMID- 1094373
TI  - [Jan Mikulicz].

PMID- 1094374
TI  - [Miklos Jancso, Sr].

PMID- 1094375
TI  - [Jakab Andras Lang].

PMID- 1094376
TI  - [Dr. Ferenc Szontagh (1919-1975)].

PMID- 1094377
TI  - [Variations in the approach to the contagious nature of pulmonary tuberculosis in
      the 19th century].

PMID- 1094378
TI  - [Sandor K. Ajtai, 1845-1917].

PMID- 1094379
TI  - [The influence of theoretical trends on internal medicine in the 19th century].

PMID- 1094380
TI  - [The role of physicians in the congresses of Hungarian Physicians and Natrualists
      during 1841-1848].

PMID- 1094381
TI  - [Econonomic and social conditions of health professions in Zala County in the
      first half of the 19th century].

PMID- 1094382
TI  - [Istvan Balint Nagy].

PMID- 1094383
TI  - [The magnetic health band today and 75 years ago].

PMID- 1094384
TI  - [Alfred E. Mirsky (1901-1974)].

PMID- 1094385
TI  - [William Henry Welch (1850-1934)].

PMID- 1094386
TI  - [Ferenc Tauszk (1865-1915)].

PMID- 1094387
TI  - [George Armstrong, pioneer of pediatrics in England].

PMID- 1094388
TI  - [Ludwig Rydgier].

PMID- 1094389
TI  - [Example smallpox: preventive medicine in recent viewpoint].

PMID- 1094390
TI  - A new pattern mouth stick.
AB  - The motivation for the severely handicapped tetraplegic patient in using the
      mouth stick is quite considerable as through this simple oral aid they are able
      to carry out small jobs and be involved in social activities. We feel that this
      modified pattern mouth stick fulfils the aims which we require of it.

PMID- 1094391
TI  - [Use of histo-and biochemical methods in the determination of the point in time
      of body injuries].

PMID- 1094392
TI  - [Experimental use of domestically produced cyanoacrylate adhesives in eye
      surgery. III. Allogeneic corneal grafts].

PMID- 1094393
TI  - Use of antiserum agar for detection of Haemophilus influenzae type b in the
      pharynx.
AB  - An antiserum agar medium was found to provide a rapid, sensitive, and highly
      specific method for pharyngeal culture and quantitation of HIB.

PMID- 1094394
TI  - [Outline of the history of medico-social care of children in Gdansk between the
      14th and the end of the 19th century].

PMID- 1094395
TI  - [In memoriam: Klemens Sokal].

PMID- 1094396
TI  - [Importance of parental attitude for the psychomotor development of children with
      myelomeningocele and coexistent hydrocephalus].

PMID- 1094397
TI  - [Pathogenesis of congenital chloride diarrhea].

PMID- 1094398
TI  - [Necrotic entercolitis in newborn infants and infants].

PMID- 1094399
TI  - Chronic pulmonary disease in neonates with assisted ventilation.
AB  - Chronic lung disease in the form of stage III or IV bronchopulmonary dysplasia
      (BPD) was found to occur among nine of 188 infants receiving intermittent
      positive-pressure ventilation for respiratory insufficiency. None occurred in
      infants ventilated with a mask alone. The duration of endotracheal intubation was
      not significantly longer in patients developing BPD; however, the duration of
      exposure to inspired oxygen greater than 60 percent was significantly longer in
      that group (mean, 141 hours). A previously undescribed form of chronic lung
      disease was found to occur among nine of 150 infants ventilated because of
      underlying idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome. A radiographic appearance of
      diffuse haziness with loss of identifiable lung markings occurred at 5 to 15 days
      of age and was not associated with clinical signs or symptoms or increased oxygen
      needs. These changes disappeared in one to five days.

PMID- 1094400
TI  - Occult spinal dysraphism: a series of 73 cases.
AB  - The subject of occult spinal dysraphism or myelodysplasia is reviewed from
      standpoints of embryology, clinical manifestations, and treatment, and the
      management of 73 cases summarized. In general, these concealed lesions arise from
      developmental variants in the most distal part of the neural tube, a situation
      which may cause distortion or partial absence of neural tissues and also lead to
      damage from compression or traction. Lipomyelomeningocele and congenital dermal
      sinus are two exampled of the many types of such lesions, but some are more
      complicated and border-line myelomeningocele-like forms occur. Incontinence,
      deformity or weakness of the feet, impaired gait, and other difficulties may
      appear late and increase with growth. Surgical treatment is advised to reduce
      chances of delayed or progressive loss of function.

PMID- 1094401
TI  - Recurrent Caffey's cortical hyperostosis and persistent deformity.
AB  - A boy, age 12 years, who had infantile cortical hyperostosis has continued to
      have occasional aches and new cortical thickenings in his arms and legs. His
      mandible is undergrown and his ribs have an abnormal slope. Recurrence of
      Caffey's cortical hyperostosis and persistent deformity have been observed in
      other children and young adults. Some unexplained cases of late cortical
      thickening and pain may be due to Caffey's disease.

PMID- 1094402
TI  - Myelofibrosis-myeloid metaplasia in childhood.
AB  - A child with idiopathic myeloid metaplasia is described and her course contrasted
      with another child having myeloid metaplasia secondary to reticulum cell sarcoma.
      Despite prior reports the idiopathic form of illness may pursue a relatively
      indolent course in children. A thorough search should be made for underlying
      disease when myeloid metaplasia is first diagnosed.

PMID- 1094404
TI  - Associate degree education for nursing 1974-75.

PMID- 1094403
TI  - Significance of mediastinal mass in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 1094405
TI  - [Persistance of resistant Escherichia coli in a calf herd].
AB  - In an experimental station for calf feeding the occurrence and distribution of
      drug resistant E. coli in faeces have been investigated among selected groups of
      calves. Samples were obatined just after the calves arrived 1--2 weeks old in
      January--February and at intervals until an age of 7--11 months. Daily from
      arrival to the age of 8 weeks all calves at the station received antibiotics in
      their feed. In 1971 it was chlortetracycline and in 1972 zincbacitracin. In
      addition, from 3.5 percent to 60 percent of all calves were every month given
      therapeutic doses of antibiotics, mainly penicillin + streptomycin and neomycin.
      Both years the highest number of treatments were administered in the months of
      February and March (cf. fig. 1). In each of the years studied, a high prevalence
      of calves harbouring resistant E. coli (total resistance: greater than 88
      percent) and R-+E. coli (1971: 83 percent and 1972: 50 percent) was demonstrated
      at the first sampling. As the calves grew older a general tendency to exchange
      the resistant strains with sensitive ones was recognized. The prevalence of
      calves with R-+ E. coli generally devreased at a faster rate than that of total
      resistance. A discussion is given of the epidemiological significance of cross
      infection and of selection pressure of antibiotics for the establishment of a
      resistant flora in individuals as well as for replacement of this flora with
      sensitive strains.

PMID- 1094406
TI  - [Antibiotic resistance and transferable antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli
      isolated from Swedish calves 5 and 30 days old].
AB  - E. coli strains isolated from 5-day-old and 30-day-old healthy calves were tested
      for antibiotic resistance and H-factor mediated antibiotic resistance. An average
      of 1.6 antibiotic-resistant strains and 1.1 strains with transferable antibiotic
      resistance were isolated from each of the investigated calves. In comparison with
      the 30-day-old calves, the 5-day-old calves had significantly more strains with
      transferable antibiotic resistance (95.8 percent as against 63.4 percent). The R+
      strains isolated from the younger calves transferred significantly more en bloc
      (43.5 percent as against 10.0 percent) and double plus multiple resistance (5292
      percent as against 24.4 percent) than did those isolated from the older calves.
      The most common resistance was to sulphonamide and tetracycline and the most
      common transferred resistance was to sulphonamide.

PMID- 1094408
TI  - Preweaning mortality in pigs. 5. acute septicaemias.
AB  - A 2-year study on preweaning mortality revealed that 2.1 per cent of the liveborn
      pigs succumbed to acute bacterial septicaemias. The most frequently encountered
      causative organisms were haemolytic streptococci and E. coli.

PMID- 1094407
TI  - Preweaning mortality in pigs. 4 Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract in pigs.
AB  - The incidence of fatal gastroenteropathies in sucking pigs was studied during a 2
      year period in 17 sow herds involving 2,936 litters. The results showed that 2.8
      per cent of the liveborn pigs died with gastroenteropathies during the sucking
      and immediate post weaning period. The incidence was lowest in offspring from
      second-litter sows (Table I) and the progeny from large litters tended to have
      the highest incidence (Table II). Fatal gastrointestinal diseases were observed
      in a total of 17.6 per cent of the examined litters, and the average number of
      death per affected litter was 1.5 (Tables III and IV). The progeny of sows with
      post parturient diseases had significantly higher death losses than had the
      progeny from normal healthy sows (Table V). Climate had no apparent influence on
      death losses, but they were lowest during the warmer period of the year (April
      September) (Tables VIII and VI.) The incidence varied considerably from herd to
      herd, but was not influenced by herd size (Table III). However, the level of
      hygiene exerted a pronounced influence on the incidence (Table VII), and self
      contained herds had significantly lower death losses than had herds where female
      breeding stock was occasionally brought in (Table IX). Approximately 65 per cent
      of the pigs which succumbed due to gastrointestinal diseases died during the
      first week of life, which means that 1.8 per cent of the pigs at risk died during
      this period (Table X). The material was grouped according to the results of the
      post mortem and bacteriological examinations (Table XI). Approximately 50 per
      cent of the fatal cases were associated with an intestinal bacterial infection,
      which in most instances was caused by pathogenic strains of E. coli (Tables XII
      and XIII), while approximately 14 per cent had distinct gross pathological
      lesions which alone were indication of a diagnosis. In the remaining one third of
      the fatal cases the aetiology and pathogenesis remained by and large unexplained;
      however, nutritional and dietetic disorders played a role in many of these cases.
      Aetiological, epidemiological and pathological aspects of the fatal
      gastrointestinal diseases are discussed, and it is concluded that a high level of
      hygiene, the prevention and treatment of post parturient diseases, "closed"
      management systems, and the avoidance of unsuitable or damaged sow feed would be
      instrumental in keeping the level of fatal gastrointestinal diseases low among
      sucking pigs.

PMID- 1094409
TI  - [Special hard plaster models, hardness and durability].

PMID- 1094410
TI  - [The university's odontological collection].

PMID- 1094411
TI  - [Letter: Pig skin used as a dressing].

PMID- 1094412
TI  - [Letter: Tissues fixed in Bouin's fluid and enclosed in paraffin for the
      demonstration of immunosecretory cells. Immunofluorescent study].

PMID- 1094413
TI  - [Uricolytic therapy. Value of urate oxidase in the treatment of hyperuricemias].
AB  - In addition to uricosuric agents and purine synthesis inhibitors, Urate Oxydase
      may be used in the treatment of hyperuricaemia. This substance breaks down uric
      acid to allantoin which is soluble and easily excreted. Use of the medication in
      14 cases of major gout with tophi and 9 cases of hyperuricaemia secondary to
      renal insufficiency showed the good tolerance of the substance and it's clinical
      and biological effectiveness.

PMID- 1094414
TI  - [Determination of myocardial contractility using ultrasonic echography].
AB  - Ultrasonic echography makes possible the recording of movements of the septum and
      posterior wall of the left ventricle. On graphic records of good quality it is
      thus possible to measure accurately the transverse diameter of the left ventricle
      throughout systole and to determine the average and maximal speeds of decreases
      in this diameter, which are proportional to the VCF. Echography, a non-invasive
      technique, thus gives data with regard to myocardial contractility of similar
      value to the information provided by cineangiocardiography. In those cases where
      it is not possible to obtain such tracings, an approximation may be made,
      validity of which appears to be confirmed by clinical experience.

PMID- 1094415
TI  - [Letter: D penicillamine and psoriatic polyarthritis].

PMID- 1094416
TI  - [Letter: Variations of parathormone blood levels after renal transplantation].

PMID- 1094417
TI  - [Letter: Activity of L-tetramisole in lymphatic filariosis due to Wuchereria
      bancrofti. Preliminary results].

PMID- 1094418
TI  - [F. de Gaudart d'Allaines 1892-1974].

PMID- 1094419
TI  - Detection of cation-specific conformational changes in ribosomal RNA by gel
      electrophoresis.
AB  - Electrophoresis of ribosomal RNA in polyacrylamide-agrose composite gels
      separates 16S and 23S species into multiple bands. These bands of RNA represent
      multiple conformational forms of the molecules as judged by oligonucleotide
      analysis of the 16S RNA. Gel elctrophoresis was used to test for cation-specific
      conformational changes in ribosomal RNA. Relative to magnesium-equilibrated RNA,
      barium ion and putrescine induced alterations in the electrophoretic behavior of
      ribosomal RNA while calcium ion produced no change. Exchange of a critical level
      of bound magnesium ion for barium or putrescine was necessary for these changes
      to take place. The alterations in electrophoretic behavior were unaffected by
      simply restoring magnesium ion, but in addition required heating for reversal. We
      suggest that these conformational changes are a result of interaction at a
      specific class of cation binding sites previously observed with intact ribosomes.

PMID- 1094420
TI  - Sequence of E. coli tRNA-Glu1 by automated sequential degradation.
AB  - A minor tRNA-Glu1 constituent of a preparation of E. coli B tRNA-Glu (Oak Ridge)
      has a guanosine residue at position 66 rather than an adenosine as in the tRNA
      Glu2 described by Ohashi et al. (3). Automated sequential degradation was used to
      sequence this region.

PMID- 1094421
TI  - Modification of E. coli ribosomes and coliphage MS2 RNA by bisulfite: effects on
      ribosomal binding and protein synthesis.
AB  - The reaction of E. coli 70s ribosomes with 0.2 M NaH-35 s03 (pH 7.1, 3.5hrs, 37
      degree) led to the conversion of 4.5% of the uracil residues of the R, RNA into
      5.6-dihydrouracil-6-sulfonate residues. The modified ribosomes exhibited a
      significant decrease in their ability to bind (14-C)-phenylalanyl-(RNA-phe and to
      incorporate (14-C)-phenylalanine into protein in the presence of polyuridylic
      acid. The ability of the modified ribosomes to form an initiation complex as
      measured by the A-U-G or coliphage MS2 RNA dependent binding of (14-C)-fmet-tRNA
      fmet was also impaired, as was their ability to incorporate (14-C) lysine into
      protein with MS2 RNA as messenger. Treatment os MS RNA with 0.2 M sodium (35-S)
      bisulfite, pH 7.0 at 25 degrees C resulted in the substitution of 2.7% and 6.2%
      of the uracil residues by bisulfite after 1 and 3.5 hrs of reaction,
      respectively. Impairment of function of the MS2 RNA in both initiation complex
      formation and transplantation assays was observed. These reactions of uracil
      residues of mRNA and rRNA may be a cause of biological damage inflicted by sodium
      bisulfite and sulfur dioxide.

PMID- 1094422
TI  - The activation of RNA polymerase by alkylammonium ions.
AB  - Tetramethylammonium and tetraethylammonium ions both lower the melting
      temperature of DNA. We have shown that these ions increase the activity of E.
      Coli RNA polymerase. When the base composition of the DNA template was varied,
      there was a correlation between the decrease in melting temperature and increase
      in RNA polymerase activity. No stimulation was observed when heat denatured DNA
      was used as template. It was shown that initiation of RNA synthesis was
      stimulated but to a smaller degree than was total RNA synthesis. The lag observed
      at low temperatures before RNA synthesis commences was found to be shorter in the
      presence of these alkyl ammonium ions. All these results are consistent with an
      unwinding of the double helix being an important step in transcription.

PMID- 1094423
TI  - Interaction between phosphoribosyltransferase and purified histidine tRNA from
      wild type Salmonella typhimurium and a derepressed hisT mutant strain.
AB  - We have examined the interaction between phosphoribosyltransferase and purified
      tRNA-His from the wild type strain of Salmonella typhimurium, LT-2, and the
      histidine regulatory mutant hisTl504. Histidyl-tRNA from the mutant strain
      functions normally in protein synthesis but is defective in its role in the
      repression mechanism of the histidine operon. Phosphoribosyltransferase has been
      suggested as a possible aporegulator for this operon and as such might be
      expected to interact abnormally with tRNA-His from hisT1504. In these studies we
      have been unable to detect any difference between the affinities of
      phosphoribosyltransferase for tRNA-His from LT-2 or hisT1504, and thus we
      conclude that if the complex between phosphoribosyltransferase and histidyl-tRNA
      does function in regulation, the defect in the hisT1504 mutant must influence the
      interaction of the complex with some other regulatory element.

PMID- 1094424
TI  - The Frontier Nursing Service.  Fifty years in the mountains.

PMID- 1094425
TI  - Baccalaureate and master's degree programs in nursing accredited by nln--1975-76.

PMID- 1094426
TI  - Letter: National Library of Medicine is Official Nursing Archives.

PMID- 1094427
TI  - Guidelines to research in nursing.  3. Compiling references and bibliographies.

PMID- 1094428
TI  - A useful bibliography.

PMID- 1094429
TI  - Discovery of vitamic C: James Lind and the scurvy.

PMID- 1094430
TI  - [A surgeon's attitude towards primary, secondary, and tertiary
      hyperparathyroidism].

PMID- 1094431
TI  - [Advances in rheumatology. Immunostimulation in rheumatoid diseases].

PMID- 1094432
TI  - [The role of islets of Langerhans in the utilization of energy-providing and
      structural substrates of food].

PMID- 1094433
TI  - [Role of viral infection in the pathogenesis of diabetes].

PMID- 1094434
TI  - [API set used for the identification of Gram-negative bacteria from the
      Enterobacteriaceae family].

PMID- 1094435
TI  - [Activity of Medical Scientific Societies in the City of Warsaw].

PMID- 1094436
TI  - [Thoracic duct drainage].

PMID- 1094437
TI  - [The 110th anniversary of Professor Seweryn Sterling].

PMID- 1094438
TI  - [Studies on degree of taking of mesh skin graft].

PMID- 1094440
TI  - [Duodenoscopy and retrograde pancreatography and cholangiography (technic and
      indications)].

PMID- 1094441
TI  - [Continuous peritoneal lavage in the treatment of diffuse peritonitis].

PMID- 1094439
TI  - [Perinatal hypoxia].

PMID- 1094442
TI  - [Evaluation of transport SBL medium in the aspect of a possible central
      organization of bacteriological diagnostics].

PMID- 1094443
TI  - The avian inflammatory response: adaptation and utilization of skin windows.
AB  - A modified skin window system was developed and utilized for examination of the
      local inflammatory response in the chicken.  Data were collected at 2, 4, 6, 8,
      12, 24, 28, 32 and 48 hours following wing-web scarification.  The first cells
      observed were heterophils and they remained the predominant type through 32
      hours.  Mononuclears began infiltrating at a rapid rate of 8 to 12 hours, and by
      48 hours they represented slightly more than one-half of the total cells
      observed.  The total number of cells present increased rapidly to a peak at 24
      hours, and then declined during the 24 to 48 hour period.  The percentage of
      heterophils and mononuclears showed an inverse relationship throughout the 48
      hour period, as appreciable numbers of eosinophils and basophils were not
      observed.  Macrophages were the predominant mononuclear cells.  Degranulation of
      heterophils was extensive in the 2 to 4 hour periods, but was much less common
      thereafter.  As the time after scarification increased, macrophages exhibited;
      (1) increased cytoplasm to nucleus ratio, (2) increased numbers of phagocytic
      vacuoles, and (3) a marked tendency to form giant cells.  The results obtained in
      this study were similar to those recorded for mammals, except that the percentage
      shift toward mononuclears occurred at a faster rate in mammals.

PMID- 1094444
TI  - The purification of lymphocytes in chicken blood.
AB  - Several methods have been tried in attempts to purify the lymphocytes of chicken
      blood.  The most efficient one is based upon the properties of adhesion of the
      polymorphonuclears and monocytes.  With the use of a column filled with synthetic
      fibers, held at 37 degrees C., a high rate of lymphocyte purification was
      obtained.  Sedimentation and centrifugation then resulted in the elimination of
      almost all of the erythrocytes.  The final product was homogeneous and the
      lymphocytes obtained kept the physiological and metabolic properties necessary
      for their culture.

PMID- 1094445
TI  - [Amazing example of sex education in the 18th century].

PMID- 1094446
TI  - [Causes of death in diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1094447
TI  - [Assessment of the somatotropic function of the hypophysis in patients with
      hypophyseal nanism and gonadal dysgenesis by using the insulin-tolerance and
      arginine-tolerance tests].
AB  - With the aid of insulin-tolerance and arginine tolerance tests (ITT and ATT,
      respectively) somatotropic function of the hypophysis was assessed in 18 patients
      with hypophyseal nanism and in 12--with gonad dysgenesis.  A marked delay in
      development and a premature exhaustion of the STH secretion was noted in the
      patients wiht hypophyseal nanism.  In patients with gonad dysgenesis the STH
      secretion was somewhat redeced during the ITT.  A change in the STH secretion was
      accompanied by a parallel depression of insulin secretion during the ATT. 
      Patients with hypophyseal nanism displayed a correlation between the extent of
      growth delay and the value of the STH secretion during the ITT (R=0.6, P smaller
      than 0.05).

PMID- 1094448
TI  - [F. R. Vinograd-Finkel' (on the 50th year of medical and scientific research
      activity)].

PMID- 1094449
TI  - [In memory of I.B. Beilin].

PMID- 1094450
TI  - Endonucleolytic incision of x-irradiated deoxyribonucleic acid by extracts of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - An enconuclease activity that reacts with x-irradiated DNA is present in extracts
      of E. coli. By using centrifugal methods to monitor the conversion of the
      supercoiled, circular double-stranded DNA for phage phi-x-174 (replicative form)
      or PM2 to the relaxed circular form it was possible to quantitate the rate of
      radiation induced endonuclease-sensitive sites in the DNA. For every single
      strand break induced by x-rays under aerobic irradiation conditions, there is
      approximately one induced site sensitive to this endonuclease activity. Under
      irradiation conditions (addition OF Potassium iodide) that dramatically reduce
      rates of single-strand breaks and "alkalilabile" lesions, the number of
      endonuclease-sensitive sites relative to single-strand breaks increase
      approximatley 4-fold. This nuclease is present in several strains of E. coli B
      and K12, including mutants deficient in DNA polymerase I, recombination gene
      products (rec mutants), ultraviolet light incision enzyme (uvr A mutant), and
      endonuclease II. It is suggested that this endonuclease may be involved in an
      excision repair process for damages incurred in DNA by ionizing radiation.

PMID- 1094451
TI  - Tertiary hydrogen bonds in the solution structure of transfer RNA.
AB  - The high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of hydrogen-bonded
      protons in four tRNAs have been studied at 270 MHz. The relative intensity of the
      resonances between -11 ppm and -15 ppm of Escherichia coli tRNA1-Va1 indicate
      that there are 26 plus or minus 3 protons, while only 20 are expected from
      secondary structure Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds inthe cloverleaf structure.
      Several possible candidates for these extra resonances are suggested by tertiary
      interactions observed in recent crystallographic studies. Of the four tRNAs
      studied, three, e.g., E. coli tRNA1Va1, E. coli tRNA-Arg and E. coli tRNA-Phe
      have one "GU pair" in their cloverleaf structure, while the fourth, yeast tRNA
      Asp,has three "GU pairs" and one "G pair". Correlating these with the NMR spectra
      in the -10 ppm to -11 ppm region allows us to conclude that the "GU pairs" are
      not hydrogen-bonded by tautomerization to the lactim form. At the very low field
      region, near -14.9 ppm, the three E. coli tRNAs show a single resonance which is
      attributed to the 4-thiouracil 8 to adenine 14 hydrogen bond of the tertiary
      structure, by analogy with the recent crystal structure of yeast tRNA-Phe. This
      assignment is confirmed by the disappearance of this resonance after treatment
      with cyanogen bromide.

PMID- 1094452
TI  - A link between streptomycin and rifampicin mutation.
AB  - Introduction of str A mutations frequently make "male" strains of Escherichia
      coli permissive to bacteriophage T7; certain rif mutations reverse the permissive
      effect of strA mutation. Permissiveness of the strA mutation is accompanied by
      enhanced transcription of bacteriophage T7 genome. Introduction of the
      nonpermissive rif allele to the permissive strA strain reduces or abolishes the
      transcription of T7 genome. Thus, a link is implied in the functioning of the
      ribosome and the RNA polymerase (RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6).

PMID- 1094453
TI  - DNA synthesis involving a complexes form of DNA polymerase I in extracts of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - DNA polymerase I (EC 2.7.7.7; deoxynucleosidetriphosphate:DNA
      deoxynucleotidyltransferase) has been recovered as a complex of about 390,000
      molecular weight. The complex displays an ATP-stimulated DNA-synthesizing
      activity that prefers native to heat-denatured DNA. Genetic evidence indicates
      that the recBC enzyme is associated with the polymerase in the complex.
      Preliminary evidence for complexes involving DNA polymerases II and III is also
      presented.

PMID- 1094454
TI  - On the significance of the retention of ligand by protein.
AB  - When a solution of binding protein and its ligand is dialyzed against a large
      volume of ligand-free medium the rate of exit of the ligand from the protein
      containing compartment can be extremely slow, much slower than the rate observed
      in the absence of protein. This is what we call retention of ligand by protein. A
      simple calculation demonstrates that when the protein concentration is in large
      excess over the total ligand concentration, the exit of ligand follows quasi
      first-order kinetics, the half-life being proportional to (1 + (P)/Kd), where (P)
      is the concentration of binding sites, and Kd the dissociation constant
      characteristic of the equilibrium between the ligand and the protein.
      Experimental verification of this relation is provided in the case of the
      periplasmic maltose-binding protein of Escherichia coli; The implications of the
      retention effect in biochemical techniques are discussed, as well as its possible
      significance in biological phenomena, such as bacterial chemotaxis and transport,
      mechanism of hormone action, or transmission of the nerve impulse.

PMID- 1094455
TI  - Novel mutants of Escherichia coli that accumulate very small DNA replicative
      intermediates.
AB  - A new group of mutants has been isolated which, during short pulses, incorporate
      (3-H)thymidine into DNA fragments that are substantially smaller than Okazaki
      fragments. These small fragments can be chased into DNA of high-molecular-weight,
      and thus may be precursors in DNA replication, During longer pulses, label also
      appears in DNA of higher molecular weight, although at an abnormally slow rate.
      The mutations map at a previously undescribed locus (dnaS) at 72 min on the E.
      coli chromosome.

PMID- 1094456
TI  - Diversity of light chain variable region sequences among rabbit antibodies
      elicited by the same antigens.
AB  - We report the complete variable region sequences of three homogeneous rabbit
      antibody light chains and the partial sequences of five others. Wehn these are
      compared to other published rabbit light chain sequences, two regions of markedly
      increased variability are revealed, which are homologous in position to the first
      and third hypervariable regions of murine and human myeloma light chains. In
      addition, there is increased variability among the first three residues at the
      aminoterminal end. A hypervariable region homologous to that identified at
      positions 50 to 56 in myeloma light chains is not present in these rabbit
      antibody light chains. The available three-dimensional models of Fab fragments
      based on x-ray crystallography indicate that neither the amino-terminal portion
      of the light chain nor the region homologous to positions 50 to 56 forms a part
      of the combining site. Comparison of the hypervariable regions among six light
      chains from antibodies to Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide and among four
      from antibodies to Type VIII pneumococcal polysaccharide suggests that a large
      number of different sequences may be found in antibodies specific for these
      relatively simple antigens. Certain residues outside of the hypervariable regions
      are invariant in the rabbit light chains and correspond to residues that are
      required for proper chain folding in human and murine myeloma light chains,
      indicating that the general conformation of myeloma light chains is the same as
      that of light chains of elicited antibodies.

PMID- 1094457
TI  - Excision of prophage lambda in a cell-free system.
AB  - A cell-free system that promotes the excision of prophage lambda DNA has been
      established. The substrate for the reaction is phage DNA carrying two attachment
      sites, which, in vivo, undergoes intramolecular recombination between these
      sites. The in vitro recombination system is efficient; 25-35% of the substrate
      DNA undergoes recombination in 30 min. There is an absolute requirement for ATP;
      Mg++ and spermidine are stimulatory. RNA does not appear to be involved, nor can
      a role for DNA synthesis be demonstrated.

PMID- 1094458
TI  - Mismatch repair in heteroduplex DNA.
AB  - DNA with base pair mismatches was prepared by annealing mixtures of genetically
      marked DNA from bacteriophage lambda. This heteroduplex DNA was used to transfect
      bacteria under conditions minimizing recombination. Genetic analysis of the
      progeny phages indicates that: (i) Mismatch repair occurs, usually giving rise to
      a DNA molecule with one chain with the genotype arising from repair and one
      parental chain. (ii) The frequency of repair of a given mismatch to wild type
      depends on the marker, ranging from 3 to 20%. (iii) Excision tracts may extend
      several hundred nucleotides but are usually shorter than about 2000 nucleotides.
      (iv) In Rec-mediated bacteriophage crosses, recombination of markers closer than
      about 10-3 nucleotide pairs frequently occurs by mismatch repair within
      heteroduplex DNA. (V) The average amount of heteroduplex DNA formed in a Rec
      mediated recombination event is a few thousand nucleotide pairs.

PMID- 1094459
TI  - Permeability lesions in male Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage T7.
AB  - The abortive development of bacteriophage T7 in E. coli cells carrying F factors
      has previously been attributed to a lack of virus-directed modification of
      ribosomes in such cells. We find it unnecessary to postulate such translational
      control to explain the failure of T7 development. Instead, there is a general
      cessation of macromolecular syntheses around 8 min after T7 infection of F'
      cells. This cessation is correlated with a sudden outflow of the entire acid
      soluble pool of phosphorus-containing compounds and loss of the ability to
      accumulate amino acids. Manifestation of these defects requires expression of at
      least one T7 gene and one episomal gene.

PMID- 1094460
TI  - Cloning, isolation, and characterization of replication regions of complex
      plasmid genomes.
AB  - EcoRI endonuclease-generated DNA fragments carrying replication regions of the
      F'lac and R6-5 plasmids have been cloned and isolated, using as a selection
      vehicle a nonreplicating ampicillin-resistance DNA fragment derived from a
      Staphylococcus aureus plasmid. Heteroduplex analysis of the constructed plasmid
      chimeras and the parent replicons has localized the cloned R6-5 replication
      region to a DNA segment between kilobase pair coordinates 1.0 and 88.0 on the R6
      5 map. Physical proximity between the plasmid replication functions and the locus
      governing plasmid incompatibility has been shown for both parent replicons. The
      cloning method reported appears to be generally applicable for the identification
      and isolation of replication regions of a variety of complex genomes.

PMID- 1094461
TI  - Three-dimensional structure of Escherichia coli thioredoxin-S2 to 2.8 A
      resolution.
AB  - The three-dimensional structure of the electron transport protein thioredoxin-S2
      from E. coli has been determined from a 2.8 A resolution electron density map.
      The molecule is built up of a central core of three parallel and two antiparallel
      strands of pleated sheet surrounded by four helices. Thr residues involved in the
      active center 14-membered disulfide ring of thioredoxin form a protrusion between
      one of the helices and the middle strand of the pleated sheet. This region of the
      molecule, comprising two parallel strands joined by the protrusion and a helix,
      is structurally very similar to corresponding functionally important regions in
      the nucleotide-binding domains of flavodoxin and the dehydrogenases. The molecule
      has about 75% of the residues in well-defined secondary structures. The structure
      indicates that the carboxy-terminal third of the molecule forms an independent
      folding unit consisting of two strands of antiparallel pleated sheet and a
      terminal alpha-helix. This agress with the noncovalent reconstitution experiments
      from thioredoxin peptide fragments. Thioredoxin is an example of a protein with
      the active center located on a protrusion rather than in a cleft, thus
      demonstrating the existence of male proteins.

PMID- 1094462
TI  - Ribosomal protein S1 and polypeptide chain initiation in bacteria.
AB  - Among several subspecies of 30S subunits of Escherichia coli observed by
      polyacrylamide-agarose gel electrophoresis, only the slow-moving, protein S1
      containing subspecies participates in the formation of the 30S initiation complex
      with coliphage MS2 RNA as mRNA; the other subspecies retain activity with AUG as
      mRNA; they are also active in the poly(U)-directed binding of Phe-tRNA. Protein
      S1 from Caulobacter crescentus substitutes for E. coli S1 despite the fact that
      C. crescentus ribosomes do not bind MS2 RNA. Under appropriate conditions, the
      entire population of E. coli 30S subunits can be isolated as the S1-containing
      subspecies. Protein S1 is lost by salt treatment of ribosomes.

PMID- 1094463
TI  - Model for regulation of Escherichia coli DNA repair functions.
AB  - A feedback loop for the regulation of the rec/lex-mediated DNA repair system is
      proposed. This model was formulated from experiments on the genetic and metabolic
      regulation of the rate of synthesis of protein X performed in this laboratory,
      and from genetic data obtained in other laboratories. Protein X is proposed to
      prevent DNA degradation by the recBC-coded exonuclease. The model states tht: (1)
      The lex (or exrA in E. coli B) gene codes for a repressor. (2) This repressor
      binds to an operator region of DNA consisting of the tif-zab region at 51 minutes
      on the E. coli chromosome. (3) The operator region controls the production of
      several proteins involved in DNA repair, including protein X. (4) The recA gene
      product is required to remove the lex-coded repressor from the operator. Thre
      recA gene could code for an antirepressor (inducer protein or a protease) or a
      modifer of recBC nuclease action; (5) Low molecular weight products of DNA
      degradation are effectors that activate the system. (6) Protein X limits recBC
      nuclease action by binding to single-stranded DNA.

PMID- 1094464
TI  - Poly(adenylic acid) sequences in the RNA of Caulobacter crescenus.
AB  - Poly(adenylic acid) sequences have been isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium
      Caulobacter crescentus. Most of these A-rich tracts are associated with large RNA
      molecules that constitute an important fraction of the unstable RNA in these
      bacteria, and, as estimated by poly(U) filter binding, they are not present in
      the 16S or 23S ribosomal RNA. Preliminary estimates of size from polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis suggest that the majority of the A-rich tracts ranges from 15
      to approximately 50 residues in length.

PMID- 1094465
TI  - Immunosuppressive effect of syngeneic thymus cells on allograft rejection.
AB  - Transfer of thymus cells from young chickens to syngeneic recipients suppresses
      the allograft rejection between strains differing at the major histocompatibility
      (B) locus. Thymus cell transfer in combination with a light whole body
      irradiation (360 R) prolongs significantly the mean rejection time of skin
      allografts and leads in a proportion of recipients to long-lasting graft survival
      (greater than 200 days). Three weeks after the cell transfer, the suppression
      appears to be antigen specific, as judged by the normal reactivity against third
      party skin grafts. From the types of thymus cells preparations that are effective
      in these experiments, it is inferred that the suppressor cell is a bursa
      dependent lymphocyte, which is predominantly found in the young chicken thymus
      and which is different from B-lymphocytes, B-precursor cells, or graft-versus
      host-reactive T-cells.

PMID- 1094466
TI  - Temperature-sensitive RNA polymerase mutants with altered subunit synthesis and
      degradation.
AB  - A temperature-sensitive mutant having a lethal mutation in the gene for the beta
      subunit of RNA polymerase (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA  nucleotidyltransferase, EC
      2.7.7.6) exhibits an apparent 2- to 3-fold decrease in the rates of both beta and
      beta' subunit synthesis at the non-permissive temperature, relative to total
      protein. In contrast, a temperature-sensitive mutant with a lethal mutation in
      the gene encoding beta' has a 5- to 6-fold increase in the rates of beta and
      beta' synthesis at 42 degrees. These beta and beta' mutants also exhibit rapid
      degradation of both subunits at the high temperature.

PMID- 1094467
TI  - Uptake of homologous single-stranded fragments by superhelical DNA: a possible
      mechanism for initiation of genetic recombination.
AB  - Superhelical [3-H]DNA (replicative form I, RFI) of bacteriophage phiX174 slowly
      but spontaneously took up 32-P-labeled homologous single-stranded fragments at 4
      degrees. Uptake was accelerated by heating to 75 degrees. RFI did not take up
      single-stranded fragments derived from DNA of Escherichia coli or from separated
      strands of phage lambda. Uptake was inhibited by low concentrations of ethidium
      bromide. Relaxed circular phiX174 DNA did not take up homologous fragments. Per
      molecule of RFI, the complexes contained as much as 90 nucleotide residues of
      homologous fragment. The 32-P-lebeled fragments were largely resistant to
      digestion by exonuclease I, and were not displaced by heating complexes at 60
      degrees for 1 min in 16 mM or 100 mM NaCl. Under comparable conditions of
      temperature and salt all of the fragments were displaced from complexes in which
      at least one phosphodiester bond was cleaved by pancreatic DNase, but a
      significant fraction of the fragments was retained in complexes that were relaxed
      by digestion with S1 nuclease. These observations are interpreted to mean that S1
      nuclease digested the plus (viral) strand of the recipient RF at the site of
      uptake in some instances. Transfection of E. coli by heterozygous complexes
      produced recombinant progeny, thereby showing that genetic information can be
      transferred from the fragment of plus strand to progeny plus strands. We propose
      that both uptake of a third strand by superhelical DNA and the action of
      nucleases on the resulting complex may simulate early steps in genetic
      recombination.

PMID- 1094468
TI  - An intercistronic region and ribosome-binding site in bacterial messenger RNA.
AB  - A messenger RNA fragment about 220 nucleotides long has been isolated from 32-P
      labeled tryptophan operon mRNA of Escherichia coli. When point mutations at the
      end of trpB and the beginning of trpA were introduced, the resulting nucleotide
      changes were found; hence the mRNA fragment must include the trpB-trpA
      intercistronic region. Most of the nucleotide sequences can be assigned to
      specific locations in the structural genes, based on the amino-acid sequences of
      the trpB and trpA proteins. In vitro, ribosomes bind to this piece of mRNA and
      protect from nuclease attack a region about 40 nucleotides long, containing a
      central AUG codon. The triplet codons to the 3' side of this AUG correspond to
      the first seven amino acids of the trpA protein; the codons to the 5' side
      correspond to the last six amino acids of the trpB protein. Translation of trpB
      is terminated by single UGA codon, which overlaps the trpA AUG initiation codon:
      UGAUG. Thus the untranslated "intercistronic" region consists of only two
      nucleotides. The RNA sequence spanning this region undoubtedly fulfills two
      functions, specifying ribosome recognition signals as well as encoding amino-acid
      sequences.

PMID- 1094469
TI  - Hair dyes are mutagenic: identification of a variety of mutagenic ingredients.
AB  - We have previously described a sensitive bacterial test for dectecting
      carcinogens as mutagens. We have previously described a sensitive bacterial test
      for detecting carcinogens as mutagens. We show here that 89% (150/169) of
      commercial oxidative-type (hydrogen peroxide) hair dye formulations are mutagenic
      in this test. Of the 18 components of these hair dyes, nine show various degrees
      of mutagenicity:2,4-diaminoanisole, 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine,  2-nitro-p
      phenylenediamine, 2,5-diaminoanisole, 2-amino-5-nitrophenol, m-phenylenediamine, 
      o-phenylenediamine,  2-amino-4-nitrophenol, and 2,5-diaminotoluene. Three hair
      dye components (p-phenylenediamine, 2,5-diaminotuluene, and 2,5-diaminoanisole)
      become strongly mutagenic after oxidation by H2O2: the mutagenic product of p
      phenylenediamine is identified as the known trimer, Bandrowski's base. 2,4
      Diaminotoluene, a hair dye component until recently, is also shown to be
      mutagenic: this compound has been shown to be a carcinogen in rats and is used in
      large amounts in the polyurethane foam industry. About 20,000,000 people (mostly
      women) dye their hair in the U.S. and the hazard could be considerable if these
      chemicals are actually mutagenic and carcinogenic in humans.

PMID- 1094470
TI  - Effect of growth conditions on DNA-membrane attachment in Escherichia coli.
AB  - DNA-membrane attachment in cultures of E. coli B/r is found to depend on the
      pattern of DNA synthesis, (a) When the number of replication points increases,
      the fraction of the DNA that is membrane bound also increases. The relationship
      between the amount of DNA-membrane attachment and the number of replication
      points is most consistent with attachment of all replication points and
      attachment of at least one other chromosomal site; it is inconsistent with
      attachment of the replication points only, the chromosomal origin only, or the
      chromosomal terminus only. (b) When repair DNA synthesis is stimulated by
      irradiation with ultraviolet light, the DNA-membrane attachment remains
      unchanged.

PMID- 1094471
TI  - Presence of actin during chromosomal movement.
AB  - Actin has been shown to be present in the nucleoli, kinetochore and centriolar
      regions, and in the mitotic spindle of rat kangaroo cells which have been stained
      with fluorescently labeled heavy meromyosin. The actin in the spindle is confined
      to the fibers that connect the chromosomes with the centriolar region. Actin was
      not present in astral fibers, in the continuous spindle fibers that connect the
      poles, or in non-kinetochore regions of the chromosomes. The specific
      localization of actin in chromosomal spindle fibers suggests an actin-mvosin
      interaction as the force-producing mechanism for chromosomal movement.

PMID- 1094472
TI  - Daily periodicity in the activity of a slide used to perform immunologic
      reactions at a liquid-solid interface.
AB  - Nickel-plated slides were prepared by evaporating a nickel layer (congruent to
      4000 A thick) on glass slides in the presence of a magnetic field whose lines of
      force were perpendicular to the surface of the slides. Such slides are called
      active. After being coated with a layer of bovine albumin, they could absorb a
      layer of antibodies 70-80 A thick. However, if the active slides before they were
      coated with bovine serum albumin, were submitted to a magnetic field with lines
      of force parallel to the surface, the layer of antibodies absorbed was only 40 A
      thick. They had become inactive. It has been found that slides remain active at
      night but that shortly after sunrise they become slowly inactivated and reach a
      minimum in their activity at exactly the midday period. They regain full activity
      at sunset. It is shown that the inactivation results from a solar radiation that
      can be stopped by 3.5 cm of lead. On December 13th, 1974 there was an eclipse of
      the sun with 65% occultation at noon (Daylight Saving Time). The activity of the
      slide at noon was 65% of the maximum activity (83 A) observed before sunrise. The
      thickness of the adsorbed layer of antibodies were 75 A instead of 63 A observed
      in the absence of the eclipse. The activation of the slides originates in a
      radiation of non-solar origin that is adsorbed by 1 can of lead.

PMID- 1094474
TI  - Educational programs leading to professional qualification in physical therapy.

PMID- 1094473
TI  - [Principles of retardation].

PMID- 1094475
TI  - Synergism between different near-ultraviolet wavelenghts in the inactivation of
      transforming DNA.

PMID- 1094476
TI  - Members of the American Physiological Society.

PMID- 1094477
TI  - Dr. Guyton honored.

PMID- 1094478
TI  - The first medical physiologists at the University of Wisconsin.

PMID- 1094479
TI  - Technique for rapid, permanent documentation of intracerebral electrode sites.

PMID- 1094480
TI  - [Changes in the psychiatrist's role in British psychiatric care].

PMID- 1094482
TI  - Psychophysiology. SPR Award, 1974. For distinguished contribution to
      psychophysiology: Robert Edelberg.

PMID- 1094481
TI  - [In memoriam: Helena Weglenska-Dreszerowa (11/15/1901 - 11/27/1973)].

PMID- 1094483
TI  - A review of the cardiovascular effects and toxicity of tricyclic antidepressants.
AB  - The tricyclic antidepressants have potent and complex effects on the
      cardiovascular system, both directly and through interactions with other drugs.
      Through a combination of anticholinergic activity, direct myocardial depressant
      activity and an effect on the adrenergic neuron, they can cause a combination of
      arrhythmias, blood pressure abnormalities and congestive heart failure. These
      changes, although most common with overdose, can occur at therapeutic levels. In
      addition a number of drug-drug interactions can occur between the tricyclics and
      agents used in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, as exemplified by
      tricyclic antagonism of the antihypertensive effect of guanethidine. Awareness of
      these factors is necessary to insure proper therapeutic utilization of the
      tricyclics as well as to treat effectively their toxicity.

PMID- 1094484
TI  - Psychopharmacology--a recurring bibliography.

PMID- 1094485
TI  - New psychotropic drug developments in the USSR and other Eastern European
      countries.

PMID- 1094486
TI  - A bibliography of papers on psychopharmacology by Dutch authors.

PMID- 1094487
TI  - Cystography after kidney transplantation.
AB  - 45 voiding cystographies were performed in 40 patients with renal allografts: in
      30 cases diluted Verografin SPOFA (CSSR) and in 15 cases Opacist E.R. BRACCO
      (Italy) were used as contrast medium. The purpose of the study was to assess the
      frequency of vesico-ureteral reflux into the autologous ureters, into the ureter
      and pelvicalyceal system of the graft and the frequency of morphological and
      functional changes of the urinary bladder including its contraction during
      micturition. In three patients with urinary leakage at the site of uretero
      neocystotomy voiding cystography gave false-negative results.

PMID- 1094488
TI  - Further evaluation of 99m-Tc sulfur colloid accumulation in rejecting renal
      transplants in man and a canine model.
AB  - Renal transplant accumulation of 99m-Tc sulfur colloid was evaluated in 41
      patients. Ninety-five examinations were performed comparing transplant with bone
      marrow activity and clinical or pathological diagnosis. 99m-Tc sulfur colloid
      accumulated in acute or chronic rejection as long as the vascular supply of the
      grafted kidney was not severely impaired. Accumulation was marked in chronic
      rejection, slight in acute rejection and absent in normally functioning
      transplants or in those with acute tubular necrosis. In the 10 dog models, no
      accumulation was seen in autografted transplants and early accumulation was
      demonstrated within the hyperacutely rejecting kidneys of allografted dogs.

PMID- 1094489
TI  - Multiple chronic traumatic pseudoaneurysms of the aorta and great vessels. A case
      report.
AB  - A case of multiple chronic traumatic pseudoaneurysms of the thoracic aorta and
      major branches in a young girl is presented. Angiograms obtained 2 days, 3
      months, and 15 months after injury demonstrated stability of the patients's
      condition. The necessity for close follow-up in a case not surgically repaired is
      stressed.

PMID- 1094490
TI  - Functional properties of biological membranes: a physical-chemical approach.

PMID- 1094491
TI  - Models of ionic currents for excitable membranes.

PMID- 1094492
TI  - Contractile activation in skeletal muscle.

PMID- 1094493
TI  - Cholinesterase in embryonic development.
AB  - I. Cholinesterase (ChE) activity was studied histochemically during early
      development of the sea urchin, the amphibian, the chick and the rat embryo. After
      formalin fixation and embedding in water-soluble carbowax, the enzyme reaction
      was carried out in serial section. 2. Independent from innervation ChE appears in
      every embryonic blastema in a very early stage of development. It disappears from
      the embryonic cells after they have assembled into definite organ structures.
      Thus, ChE plays a role in embryonic development which is different from its known
      function in the adult. Therefore, ChE activity present in differentiating cells
      during a limited phase of development, is termed "embryonic cholinesterase". 3.
      Embryonic ChE was invariably found in cells engaged in morphogenetic movements.
      This observation has led us to suppose that the enzyme in involved in the
      regulation of cellular movements during development. 4. In particular, embryonic
      ChE is described in the following locations: a) During sea urchin gastrulation
      ChE is present in the primary mesenchymal cells emigrating from the blastula wall
      and in the archenteron cells which are known to bring about the invagination
      movement by contraction of their pseudopods. b) In the early chick blastoderm ChE
      active "droplet cells" are described which are supposed to emigrate from the
      epiblast layer in order to form the hypoblast. c) During development of notochord
      and somites, during closure of the neural tube and development of the head
      anlage, the close correlation of ChE activity with various morphogenetic
      movements is demonstrated: ChE appears during aggregation and desaggregation of
      epithelial compounds. The active bending of preexisting epithelial sheets, such
      as the neural plate, is also accompanied by ChE activity in epithelial cells...

PMID- 1094494
TI  - Mammalian DNA polymerases.

PMID- 1094495
TI  - Structural and energetic consequences of noncomplementary base oppositions in
      nucleic acid helices.

PMID- 1094496
TI  - Effects of the antibiotics netropsin and distamycin A on the structure and
      function of nucleic acids.

PMID- 1094498
TI  - [Accomplishment of Drs. Albert Calude and George E. Palade and the birth of cell
      biology].

PMID- 1094497
TI  - [Mischarging mutant of tRNA (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094499
TI  - [Profile of Dr. C. de Duve, the 1974 Nobel prize winner in medical physiology].

PMID- 1094500
TI  - In appreciation of Jeremiah O'Mara.

PMID- 1094501
TI  - [Cephalometry and gnathology. Clinical applications of fundamental research].

PMID- 1094502
TI  - [Psychology of the prosthesis patient].

PMID- 1094503
TI  - [Diemerbroeck and odontogenic conceptions of the 17th century].

PMID- 1094504
TI  - [Diemerbroeck and dentistry].

PMID- 1094505
TI  - [In memoriam. Fernand Cauchie].

PMID- 1094506
TI  - [Clinical study on a new synthetic cephalosporin (cephalothin) in surgical
      patients].

PMID- 1094507
TI  - [Professor Doctor Luis Trias de Bes (1895-1974)].

PMID- 1094508
TI  - [Radiocardiography. Bases. Technic. Applications].

PMID- 1094509
TI  - [List of members of the Sociedad Espanola de Patologia].

PMID- 1094510
TI  - [Incidence of perineal injuries following Miles' operation for anorectal cancer].

PMID- 1094511
TI  - [Results of studies using the indirect immunofluorescence methods (antinuclear
      factors) in various rheumatic entities].

PMID- 1094512
TI  - [Glucagon : recent acquisitions, with special reference to its metabolic effects
      and use in diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1094513
TI  - [Principles of geriatric pharmacology].

PMID- 1094514
TI  - [Endemic goiter].

PMID- 1094515
TI  - [New prospects in vaccination against rubella].

PMID- 1094516
TI  - Early morphological alterations of the rat lung with increased intracranial
      pressure. II. A scanning electron microscopic study using different fixation
      procedures.
AB  - Pulmonary edema following intracranial pressure elevation was studied by means of
      scanning electron microscopy. Using three different fixation procedures
      immersion, vascular perfusion, and tracheal instillation-the various features of
      intraalveolar edema formation could be demonstrated: capillary congestion,
      intraalveolar proteinious exudate, and capillary hemorrhage.

PMID- 1094517
TI  - [The effect of acetyl-salicylic-acid and a pyrido-pyrimidine-derivate on the
      rejection of allotransplanted canine kidneys (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of anti-thrombotic drugs-Acetyl-salicylic-acid and 2-Piperazinly-4
      thiomorpholino-pyrido(3,2-d)-pyrimidin-sulfat-trihydrat-on rejection reactions of
      renal allografts in dogs have been studied. From the clinical point of view no
      effectiveness of the two drugs can be found, whereas the histological findings do
      clearly show diminished rejection reactions in the Acetylsalicylic-acid group.

PMID- 1094518
TI  - [Triglyceride metabolism in lung (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094519
TI  - [Ventricular diastolic compliance (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094521
TI  - [Incidence and pathomechanism of thrombocytosis in rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1094520
TI  - [Transfer factor in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in children].

PMID- 1094522
TI  - [Etiology of anencephalus and spina bifida].

PMID- 1094523
TI  - [Functional studies of the nervous system. Part 1. Electrophysiological studies].

PMID- 1094524
TI  - Learning from a cardiology patient stimulator.

PMID- 1094525
TI  - [Mediastinal hematosarcomas (Hodgkin's disease and lymphoreticulosarcomas)].

PMID- 1094526
TI  - [Data from the functional exploration of the stomach in gastric ulcers].

PMID- 1094527
TI  - The direct macrophage inhibition test: a technic for evaluating renal allograft
      rejection.

PMID- 1094528
TI  - Effect of listerine on dental plaque and gingivitis.
AB  - The present study was performed in 10 adults in order to evaluate the effect of
      an antiseptic mouthrinse (Listerine) on the rate of dental plaque formation and
      gingivitis development during a 2-week period when all efforts towards active
      mechanical oral hygiene were withdrawn. The study was performed as a crossover
      study and was carried out during four consecutive 2-week periods. During the
      first and third periods (preparatory periods) the participants were subjected to
      repeated professional tooth cleanings in order to establish plaque- and
      gingivitis-free dentitions. During the second and fourth periods (test and
      control periods) the participants were not allowed to brush their teeth but
      rinsed their mouths three times a day with Listerine or a placebo mouthwash.
      Plaque Index, Gingival Index, gingival fluid flow, and crevicular leukocytes were
      assessed on d 0, 2, 4, 7, and 14. On d 7 and 14, dental plaque was removed from
      the right and left jaws respectively and the wet weights determined. The
      chemotactic activity elaborated by the plaques was studied in Boyden chambers.
      During the Listerine test period, significantly lower Plaque and Gingival Index
      values were scored and lower amounts of plaque could be sampled in comparison to
      the control period.

PMID- 1094529
TI  - An immunofluorescence study on the cross-reaction between strep. 2a and human
      oral mucosa.
AB  - Immunologic cross-reactions between Strep. 2A, fetal human oral mucosa (FHOM),
      and adult human oral mucosa (AHOM) were investigated by the use of a double layer
      immunofluorescence staining technique. Rabbit sera were prepared against Strep.
      2A and FHOM. Seventeen sera from patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis
      (RAS) and with known antibodies against Strep. 2A and AHOM were examined for
      antibodies against FHOM. The distribution of endpoint titers against FHOM in the
      sera from RAS differed significantly from the distribution in 17 controls. The
      immune absorptions in the rabbit sera and in the 17 sera from patients with RAS
      indicate that some cross-reacting antigenic determinants are shared between
      Strep. 2A, FHOM, and AHOM. Further, the present results indicate that antibodies
      are produced against antigenic determinants which are not shared by Strep. 2A,
      FHOM, and AHOM. The role of cross-reacting antigens in the pathogenesis of RAS is
      discussed but remains obscure.

PMID- 1094530
TI  - Formation of an experimental dental cuticle.
AB  - Slices of dental enamel, cementum and dentin, and segments of epoxy resin splints
      with exposed synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals were incubated in human serum
      overnight. Observations by light and electron microscopy revealed that a
      cuticular structure with staining reactions and ultrastructural appearance
      similar to those of dental cuticle had formed on the various surfaces. The
      results support the hypothesis that the dental cuticle in vivo may consist of
      serum components which have been adsorbed to the tooth surface as a result of
      gingival exudation.

PMID- 1094531
TI  - The computer as an aid to gastroenterological decision-making.

PMID- 1094532
TI  - Effect of acid in the duodenal bulb on acid and pepsin responses to test meal in
      dogs.
AB  - Dogs were provided with innervated pouches of the fundic stomach and of the
      duodenal bulb. Gastric secretion was stimulated by a test meal. Bulbar perfusion
      with 0.1 N HCl profoundly ibhibited the secretion of acid. Also  pepsin output
      and concentration of pepsin in gastric juice were reduced by bulbar
      acidification. The results may mean that reduction of the intrabulbar pH also
      plays a role in regulation of the secretion of pepsin from the stomach.

PMID- 1094533
TI  - Effect of urecholine and carbacholine on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric
      secretion after proximal gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients;.
AB  - Six months after proximal gastric vagotomy gastric secretion was examined after
      infusion of pentagastrin, 15 mug/kg/hr, alone and in combination with urecholine,
      60 mug/kg/hr, or carbacholine, 2 mug/kg/hr. There were no significant differences
      between mean acid outputs after the three types of stimulation. Pepsin outputs
      were significantly higher after pentagastrin plus carbacholine and pentagastrin
      plus urecholine than after pentagastrin alone. Urecholine and carbacholine
      increased pepsin secretion to a similar degree. Volume of gastric juice was
      significantly higher after simultaneous infusion of pentagastrin and urecholine
      than after pentagastrin alone or pentagastrin plus carbacholine.

PMID- 1094534
TI  - Mechanism of B-cell activation and paralysis by thymus-independent antigens.
      Additive effects between NNP-LPS and LPS in the specific response to the hapten.
AB  - Normal spleen cells showed a bell-shaped dose response profile when stimulated in
      vitro with the thymus-independent antigen (4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrophenyl)acetyl
      (NNP)-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with regard to the development of high-avidity
      plaque-forming cells to NNP. The addition of suboptimal concentrations of LPS to
      cultures stimulated by suboptimal concentrations of NNP-LPS resulted in optimal
      induction of B cells in that affinity fraction. Addition of LPS to cultures
      optimally stimulated by NNP-LPS resulted in paralysis of the specific cells.
      These results are interpreted in terms of the additive effects between the
      mitogenicity of LPS and the mitogenicity of NNP-LPS, the latter being selectively
      focused on the specific cells, thus providing further evidence for the 'one
      nonspecific signal' hypothesis for immune activation of B cells.

PMID- 1094535
TI  - Perception and tonus.

PMID- 1094536
TI  - Generalization of ratings based on projective tests.

PMID- 1094537
TI  - Stimulation-produced analgesia: development of tolerance and cross-tolerance to
      morphine.
AB  - Analgesia resulting from focal electrical stimulation of the brain of the rat
      shows tolerance with repeated exposures; this tolerance dissipates after a period
      of nonstimulation. Addiction to morphine reduces greatly the analgesia produced
      by electrical stimulation of the brain, which demonstrates cross-tolerance
      between morphine analgesia and stimulation-produced analgesia. Recovery of the
      stimulation-produced analgesia is seen after discontinuing administration of
      morphine. These results suggest that morphine and electrical stimulation produce
      analgesia by common mechanisms. The fact that tolerance occurs to the analgesic
      effect of electrical stimulation indicates that tolerance may be an alteration of
      an endogenous neuronal process.

PMID- 1094538
TI  - New features of the regulation of the tryptophan operon.

PMID- 1094539
TI  - Sleep cycle oscillation: reciprocal discharge by two brainstem neuronal groups.
AB  - During the sleep cycle in cats, neurons localized to the posterolateral pole of
      the nucleus locus coeruleus and the nucleus subcoeruleus undergo discharge rate
      changes that are the opposite of those of the pontine reticular giant cells. The
      inverse rate ratios and activity curves of these two interconnected populations
      are compatible with reciprocal interaction as a physiological basis of sleep
      cycle oscillation.

PMID- 1094541
TI  - Editorial: Progress in corneal transplantation.

PMID- 1094540
TI  - Superior colliculus: visuotopic-somatotopic overlap.
AB  - A laminar organization was present in the superior colliculus of the cat, with
      upper layer cells exclusively visual, lower layer cells primarily somatic (or
      acoustic), and intermediate layers showing significant modality overlap. The
      close topographic correspondence between the visual and somatic representations
      observed within this laminar pattern and the similarities in visual and somatic
      response specificity may be consistent with the hypothesis that the colliculus
      combines several sensory modalities to facilitate tracking of a given stimulus.

PMID- 1094542
TI  - Rapid diagnosis of viral infections.

PMID- 1094543
TI  - Hallux valgus and metatarsus primus varus treated by bunionectomy and proximal
      metatarsal osteotomy.
AB  - Sixteen feet with hallux valgus and metatarsus primus varus have been treated by
      excision of the exostosis of the first metatarsal head, advancement of the medial
      capsule and the abductor hallucis, release of the lateral capsule and adductor
      tendon, and open-wedge osteotomy at the  base of the first metatarsal inserting a
      bone graft. During a three-year period ther have been no nonunions of the
      osteotomy, and satisfactory maintenance of the corrections has occurred. This
      method is preferred over distal metatarsal osteotomy.

PMID- 1094544
TI  - Alleviating agitation, apprehension, and related symptoms in geriatric patients:
      A double-blind comparison of a phenothiazine and a benzodiazepien.
AB  - A four-week, double-blind study compared the effectiveness of thioridazine and
      diazepam in 40 geriatric patients with various symptoms of senility. Patients'
      progress was evaluated with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, a Modified Nurses'
      Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE), a global rating of degree of
      illness, and a global rating of degree of overall change. The data indicate that
      thioridazine was superior to diazepam inrelieving troublesome symptoms of
      senility.

PMID- 1094545
TI  - Treatment of iris prolapse by corneoscleroplasty.

PMID- 1094546
TI  - [Physical development of newborn boys and girls (toward a methodology of creating
      tables of estimates)].

PMID- 1094547
TI  - [Health service of Soviet Latvia].

PMID- 1094548
TI  - [Chronicle of the heroic work of Soviet medics in the Great Fatherland War of
      1941-1945 (historiographic survey of publications on the medical support of the
      USSR armed forces)].

PMID- 1094549
TI  - [Russian scientists at the 8th International Congress on Hygiene and Demography
      in Budapest].

PMID- 1094551
TI  - [50th anniversary of the appearance of P. I. Kurkin's book, "Statistics of the
      physical development of the working population"].

PMID- 1094550
TI  - [Clinic for Social and Occupational Diseases of the Department of Social Hygiene
      of the First Moscow State University].

PMID- 1094552
TI  - [Physicians--writers and poets].

PMID- 1094553
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Viliam Chorvath].

PMID- 1094555
TI  - [Vagotomy in the treatment of perforated duodenal ulcers].

PMID- 1094554
TI  - [Diagnosis and therapy of goiters from the aspect of the surgeon and
      otolaryngologist].

PMID- 1094556
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Jan Cervenansky m.d].

PMID- 1094557
TI  - [In memory of Prof. R.R. Allison].

PMID- 1094558
TI  - [Editorial: 30 years of Czechoslovak surgeryA1].

PMID- 1094559
TI  - [Experiences with sigmoidal myotomy].

PMID- 1094560
TI  - [Incontinence of the anal sphincter in adults].

PMID- 1094561
TI  - Letter: Ultraphotomacrography of whole histological sections.

PMID- 1094562
TI  - Type IIa hyperlipoproteinaemia. An evaluation of four therapeutic regimens.
AB  - The cholesterol-lowering effect of clofibrate (Ciba-SU13437) cholestyramine and
      the combination of clofibrate and cholestyramine is studied in 19 subjects with
      type lla hyperlipoproteinaemia, over a 20-week period. Each regimen is evaluated
      in terms of total cholesterol-lowering effect, cholesterol-lowering effect at 4,
      8 and 16 weeks of therapy, and the incidence of side-effects. Cholestyramine is
      identified as the agent of choice in the management of this disorder and
      recommendations for its optimal utilisation are put forward.

PMID- 1094563
TI  - The role of the autopsy in modern medical practice. A review.
AB  - The role of the autopsy in modern medical practice is reviewed in the light of
      waning clinical interest. After a historical introduction, the reasons for this
      lessening interest in the autopsy, its values and its limitations are discussed,
      and followed by consideration of the possible future pattern of postmortem
      investigation.

PMID- 1094564
TI  - In memoriam: Donald Arthur Fowler.

PMID- 1094565
TI  - The use of pyrithioxine in a group of visually handicapped children. A
      preliminary report from the School for the Blind, Worcester.
AB  - A double-blind trial with pyrithioxine (Encephabol) was made witn 22 pairs of
      visually handicapped subjects who were equal in IQ scores and in chronological
      age. Although an improvement of abstraction ability was noticed, the over-all
      results were not in concurrence with the general tendency in relevant literature.
      A follow-up cross-over study is suggested.

PMID- 1094566
TI  - In memoriam: Joseph Gardiner.

PMID- 1094567
TI  - In memoriam. Andries Bernardus Wessels Ferreira.

PMID- 1094568
TI  - [50 years of nursing administration].

PMID- 1094569
TI  - [10th district association celebrates 50th anniversary].

PMID- 1094570
TI  - [1944-1974: 30 years of important achievements in the field of public health
      protection in the S.R. (Socialist Republic) of Rumania].

PMID- 1094571
TI  - Cardiac output determinations in surgical patients.

PMID- 1094572
TI  - Management of mechanical ventilation.

PMID- 1094573
TI  - Shock lung: fact or fancy?
AB  - Shock lung can be considered a relatively new pathologic syndrome. Its rapidly
      increasing incidence is a tribute to advanced sophistication in the salvage of
      severely traumatized patients and in those undergoing major surgery who would not
      have survived 25 years ago. No single factor can be credited as the sole
      precipitator of this syndrome. Alone, many of the factors may be insignificant;
      but combined they are often synergistic and end in a respiratory death. Although
      all of the mechanisms and interrelationships are not known for every case, early
      recognition of the specific contributing etiologies aid in both the prevention
      and, when that fails, in the treatment of shock lung. Today, by careful precise
      diagnostic monitoring, many cases of post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency,
      i.e., shock lung, can be treated with resultant cure. The term shock lung is
      valuable only in alerting the physician to the fact that the patient is in "big
      trouble." The physician must then try to sort out all of the possible factors and
      treat each accordingly. We might compare the end result of shock lung to the end
      stage of renal disease. The fact is that they are both nonspecific responses of
      an end organ to many different and interrelated etiologies. To expect to define a
      single, all encompassing etiology is pure fancy.

PMID- 1094574
TI  - Radionuclide imaging in the care of the critically ill patient.

PMID- 1094575
TI  - Donor-specific IgG antibody and the chronic rejection of human renal allografts.
AB  - Although many investigators have felt that humoral antibody was responsible for
      chronic rejection, attempts to detect it in the sera of recipients in the
      presence of functioning renal allografts have been largely unsuccessful. A
      modification of the mixed antiglobulin reaction has increased its sensitivity so
      that the development of low titers of immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody antibody
      specific for donor kidney cells can be detected in renal allograft recipients
      while renal function is still good. Donor-specific antibody was detected in the
      sera of 11 of 13 patients whose transplants had ceased to function from 5 to 43
      months after transplantation. In five recipients the antibody was present prior
      to as well as after transplantation and in six recipients antibody developed
      after transplantation from 3 to 25 months prior to the cessation of function. In
      the patients with antibody, chronic rejection was characterized by hypertension
      which required treatment with multiple drugs, by proteinuria of greater than one
      gram per day, by a gradual, progressively rising serum creatinine, and by an
      absence of acute ologuric rejection episodes. Pathologically there was extensive
      intimal proliferation and occlusion of the intrarenal arteris. There also was
      significant glomerulonephritis which consisted of thickening of the basement
      membranes, mesangial cell proliferation, simplification of the capillary loops,
      and in some patients fibroepithelial crescent formation. These findings suggest
      that IgG antibodies directed against cell-surface antigens of the donor are the
      chief cause of chronic renal allograft rejection.

PMID- 1094576
TI  - Liver failure in the postoperative patient: the role of sepsis and immunologic
      deficiency.
AB  - In a 4 year experience with 7- postoperative or postinjury patients in liver
      failure, we found that 27 (37 percent) had associated bacterial sepsis. The
      mortality rate in this group of patients was 48 percent, compared with an average
      of 80 percent among patients with liver failure from other causes. Laboratory
      evaluation of cellular immune response in 20 cirrhotic patients confirmed the
      clinical observation of a relative failure of cellular immunity. Mitogen response
      of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin was significantly decreased in cirrhotic
      patients as was the number of thymus-derived lymphocytes. The association and
      poor prognosis of pre-existing liver damage, injury, bacterial sepsis, and liver
      failure is discussed. It is concluded that a postoperative or postinjury patient,
      regardless of his general condition, who has any possibility of having undrained
      intraperitoneal sepsis, deserves re-exploration since the trade-off for benefit
      usually far outweighs the possibility of doing harm. The decision for reoperation
      in such critically ill patients is not easy, but such operative aggressiveness is
      warranted.

PMID- 1094577
TI  - Hepatic portoenterostomy (the Kasai operation) for biliary atresia.
AB  - Twenty-two infants and children with extrahepatic biliary atresia were treated by
      Kasai's hepatic portoenterostomy operation since 1972. Postoperative bile
      drainage occurred in 11 infants. Success never was obtained in patients older
      than 12 weeks nor in the absence of microscopic biliary ductules in the excised
      fibrotic remnant of the extrahepatic bile ducts. With these exclusions almost 90
      percent of infants with biliary atresia had sustained bile drainage after
      operation. In the early cases, ascending cholangitis was a major and recurrent
      complication with sequellae in many instances of permanent jaundice and probably
      irreversible liver damage. A new and simple modification of Kasai's original
      operation has prevented this complication thus far. Despite apparently normal
      bile drainage, postoperative studies by transhepatic cholangiography in some of
      these patients have demonstrated a grossly abnormal hepatobiliary intrastructure,
      suggesting that an underlying liver involvement may be present in biliary
      atresia.

PMID- 1094578
TI  - [Ulleval's Nursing School; 75th anniversary].

PMID- 1094580
TI  - [No time limit on positive-pressure ventilation].

PMID- 1094579
TI  - [Florence Nightingale - fearless, well-informed nursing administrator].

PMID- 1094581
TI  - [Eva Holm Christensen administrative leader with professional interests].

PMID- 1094582
TI  - Editorial: Forty years of the one-stage prothrombin time.

PMID- 1094583
TI  - Platelet aggregation and the release induced by inophores for divalent cations.

PMID- 1094584
TI  - [Late results of replacement of the antrio-ventricular valve].
AB  - From 1966 to 1969 mitral-valve-allografts have been implanted for mitral valve
      replacement in 11 and for tricuspid valve replacement in two patients. Three
      patients died immediately after the operation. Eigth allografts in mitral
      position and one in tricuspid position functioned well. One case was complicated
      by candida albicans. There were no thromboembolic complications. Long-term follow
      up revealed late deterioration of allograft function in every case. Four
      allografts have been replaced four are still functioning four to six years
      postoperatively. Because of the poor durability of the results this method of
      mitral valve replacement is not used any more.

PMID- 1094585
TI  - [Rastelli operation for complete transposition of the great vessels, ventricle
      septum defect and pulmonary atresis].
AB  - We report about a 6 year old patient with complete transpositon of the great
      arteries, a ventiricle septum defect, and pulmonary atresia, who was operated
      using Rastellis technique. A Hancock-prothesis of of 20 mm diameter was used for 
      reconstruction of the outflow tract of the right  ventricle and anastomosed
      distal with the pulmonary artery on the left side of the aorta. The proximal
      anastomosis was performed with the right ventricle after a longitudinal
      ventriculotomy. The intraoperative pressure recordings and the post-operative
      studies revealed a very good early result.

PMID- 1094586
TI  - Organometallic compounds studied by gas-phase electron diffraction.

PMID- 1094587
TI  - Stereochemistry of compounds containing bonds between Si, P, S, Cl and N or O.

PMID- 1094588
TI  - The geometric and dynamic structures of fluorocarbons and related compounds.

PMID- 1094589
TI  - Quantum-mechanical calculations of the potential energy surfaces of triplet
      states.

PMID- 1094590
TI  - Photochemistry of beta, gamma-unsaturated ketones.

PMID- 1094591
TI  - Short term effects of ionizing radiation on the recurrent or metastatic skin
      cancer--a quantitative DNA study.
AB  - A total of 72 smears from two cases of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the
      head and neck during radiation therapy were studied for DNA content.  The
      percentage of aneuploid tumor cells in the range of lower ploidy was high in both
      cases and remained high throughout the treatment.  The correlation between the
      percentage of aneuploid cells in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and
      radiocurability of these lesions has been discussed.

PMID- 1094592
TI  - [Professor Dr. med. Dietrich von Keiser's 65th anniversary].

PMID- 1094593
TI  - Total body irradiation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
AB  - 17 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas were treated by total body irradiation
      (TBI). 94% went into remission. Response in lymphosarcomas was found to be
      extremely good with long periods of unmaintained remission. Reticulumcell
      sarcomas responded poorly.

PMID- 1094594
TI  - [The patient factor in oral rehabilitation].

PMID- 1094595
TI  - [Surgical deepening procedure of the vestibular and lingual sulcus].

PMID- 1094596
TI  - [Model cast denture as essential qualitative step in the treatment of the partial
      defective dentition].

PMID- 1094597
TI  - [Forensic dentistry and its position in the service of the justice].
AB  - Forensic stomatology makes the findings of dental research available to justice.
      Thus, it is a branch of the forensic sciences. Among the main tasks of forensic
      stomatology are the identification of people and (in crimes of violence,
      especially sex crimes) the statement, analysis and evaluation of bite marks. The
      marking of dentures is also dealt with.

PMID- 1094598
TI  - [Difficulties in differentiating groups M and N in blood stains].

PMID- 1094599
TI  - [Projection photoprinting of histological preparations via a photo enlarger].

PMID- 1094600
TI  - [V. M. Kolosova (on her 60th birthday)].

PMID- 1094601
TI  - [On the 30th anniversary of the victory over fascist Germany].

PMID- 1094602
TI  - [Possibility of determining the tissue group type in histological preparations].

PMID- 1094603
TI  - [Sequential determination of A, B, H, P and S antigens in a single incisure from
      a blood strain].

PMID- 1094604
TI  - The automobile as a weapon.

PMID- 1094605
TI  - Personal recollections of holders of the John Rhea Barton Professorship of
      Surgery at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.

PMID- 1094606
TI  - Two centuries of American dentistry.

PMID- 1094607
TI  - How Sir Charles Bell became involved with the "Invisible Girl".

PMID- 1094608
TI  - Puerperal fever and Nineteenth-century contagionism: the obstetrician's dilemma.

PMID- 1094610
TI  - Memoir of John D. Corbit, Jr., 1910-73.

PMID- 1094609
TI  - From the historical collections of the library. I. Reprinted without permission:
      poetic recreations of some eminent Philadelphia physicians.

PMID- 1094611
TI  - Memoir of Robert Dunning Dripps, 1911-73.

PMID- 1094612
TI  - Memoir of John K. Durkin, 1901-73.

PMID- 1094613
TI  - Memoir of Pascal F. Lucchesi 1903-73.

PMID- 1094614
TI  - Memoir of David J. Reinhardt, III, 1925-74.

PMID- 1094615
TI  - Memoir of Arthur F. Seifer, 1911-73.

PMID- 1094617
TI  - Memoir of Rendall R. Strawbridge, 1909-74.

PMID- 1094616
TI  - Memoir of William Tomlin Snagg, 1911-73.

PMID- 1094619
TI  - Directory of Fellows of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia (as of July 1,
      1974).

PMID- 1094618
TI  - Memoir of Per-Olof Gabriel Therman, 1910-72.

PMID- 1094620
TI  - The genesis of black pharmacists in America to 1900.

PMID- 1094621
TI  - Thomas Lacey Smith, M.D. (1805-75): a China trade physician who gave up the
      practice of medicine.

PMID- 1094622
TI  - A short history of the Medical Women's International Association.

PMID- 1094623
TI  - Marriage counseling and the related professions.

PMID- 1094624
TI  - The Lankenau Hospital Research Institute Marine Experimental Station on Cape Cod,
      1930-48.

PMID- 1094625
TI  - Memoir of John Anthony Diemand 1886-1974.

PMID- 1094626
TI  - Memoir of Richard T. Ellison 1894-1974.

PMID- 1094627
TI  - Memoir of William C. Hunsicker, Jr. 1902-74.

PMID- 1094628
TI  - Memoir of J. Stauffer Lehman 1906-74.

PMID- 1094629
TI  - One non-specific signal triggers b lymphocytes.

PMID- 1094630
TI  - A third signal in B cell activation given by TRF.

PMID- 1094631
TI  - Mechanism of activation and tolerance induction in b lymphocytes.

PMID- 1094632
TI  - Proliferation and differentiation of B lymphocytes: a model.

PMID- 1094633
TI  - Role of antigen structure in the discrimination between tolerance and immunity by
      b cells.

PMID- 1094634
TI  - Possible involvement of c3 during stimulation of b lymphocytes.

PMID- 1094635
TI  - A heterophile system in human renal transplantation. IV. Natural immunity and its
      genetic implications.
AB  - Natural heterophile immunity was studied in 949 individuals including 41
      recipients and donors of renal transplants and 141 families. The prevalence and
      strength of the natural immunity was at its maximum during the first two decades
      of life and declined thereafter. The population could be divided into three
      groups: one with natural immunity to heterophile transplantation antigens (HT-A),
      one with a heterophile immunity which was not (anti-HT-A) (i.e., anti-HX-A), and
      one group which had no heterophile immunity. Transplantation among these groups
      yielded results which along with family studies and mathematical considerations
      suggest that the HT-A system is controlled by a single genetic locus comprised of
      one dominant and one recessive allele.

PMID- 1094637
TI  - Comparison of kidney transplant survival among transplant centers.
AB  - Human kidney transplant survival rates at 1 year were compared among centers
      according to the transplantation activity as measured by the number of renal
      transplants performed. Statistical methods are described by which a fair
      assessment can be made of the outcome when small numbers of grafts are involved.
      The method should also be useful in evaluating subsets of patients in any given
      center under different treatment protocols. No evidence was found that survival
      rates of cadaver donor transplants were lower at the smaller centers. Other
      factors besides size of centers are probably of greater importance in influencing
      transplant survival rates.

PMID- 1094636
TI  - Soluble membrane antigen fractions that react with rat enhancing alloantibodies.
AB  - Soluble extracts were prepared from cells of Brown Norway (BN) rat spleens by
      sonication in 2 M KI. Extracts were fractionated by gel filtration and
      electrophoretic procedures. The fractions specifically inhibited the binding of
      Lewis alloantibodies to target BN cells in vitro and in vivo. A homogeneous
      component that retained antigen activity was obtained by preparatory
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Lewis rats injected with BN antigen fractions
      produced histocompatibility alloantisera that would prolong the survival of BN
      skin grafts applied to Lewis neonates.

PMID- 1094638
TI  - Effect of time on sensitization to hemophoietic grafts by preceding blood
      transfusion.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that a single transfusion with whole blood from the
      intended marrow donor 10 days before 1,200 R of total body irradiation (TBI) and
      marrow grafting can immunize a dog and lead to rejection of the subsequent marrow
      graft. The present study explored the effect of time on immunization to marrow
      grafts by preceding blood transfusion. All receipents were given 1,200 R of TBI
      followed with 4 hr by a hemopoietic graft from an unrelated donor mismatched at
      the major canine histocompatibility complex. Two groups of recipients were
      studed. In group 1, 7 dogs were given a transfusion of blood from the marrow
      donor 24 hr before TBI, and 6 rejected the graft; in group 2, 16 dogs were given
      transfusion of blood from the marrow donor 3 months before TBI, and 8 rejected
      the graft. The frequency of rejection in both groups was significantly greater
      than in untransfused dogs mismatched with their donors at the canine major
      histocompatibility complex (11 rejections in 67 transplants). The results
      indicate that exposure to donor blood from 24 hr to 3 months before marrow
      grafting significantly increases the likelihood of graft rejection.

PMID- 1094639
TI  - HL-A antibody response in patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia treated by
      immunotherapy.

PMID- 1094640
TI  - Reduction of renal renin content by hypothermic pulsatile perfusion.

PMID- 1094641
TI  - Selective suppression of murine antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity by
      azathioprine.

PMID- 1094642
TI  - The effect of high dose steroid and cyclophosphamide on perfused canine renal
      homografts.

PMID- 1094643
TI  - Circulating prostaglandin E and allograft rejection.

PMID- 1094644
TI  - Malaria and its control in Iran.

PMID- 1094645
TI  - Re-establishment of cutaneous leishmaniasis after cessation of anti-malaria
      spraying.
AB  - Decrease or interruption of transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis as a result
      of spraying of human dwellings with residual insecticides has been reported by
      several investigators. In this report the behaviour of the disease after
      cessation of spraying in the villages of Isfahan is studied. In 16 villages
      sprayed with DDT from 1966 through 1969, the incidence decreased from 8.2 per
      1000 in 1965 to 0,7 per 1000 in 1969 but in 1970, the first year after cessation
      of spraying, the incidence increased to 15 per 1000, a 20-fold increase. The
      control villages did not show these changes, still having the incidence figure of
      more than 9 per 1000 per year. The study shows that insecticide spraying is not
      the fianl answer in the control of leishmaniasis.

PMID- 1094646
TI  - [Characteristics of the morphological changes in the nuclear structures in
      oogenesis in holothurians].
AB  - Chromosomes and nucleoli were studied at the meiosis diplotene stage in oocytes
      of Stichopus japonicus and Cucumaria fraudatrix. The S. japonicus nuclear
      structures were found to change in the same way as in other holothurioidea
      (chromosomes turn into lampbrushes, there is a single rapidly increasing
      nucleolus). The C. fraudatrix oocytes are notable for their lampbrushes located
      in immediate vicinity of the nucleus membrane. The same modes of behavior of
      nuclear structures are known for three more types of Cucumaria (no more species
      have been studied). The specific features of behavior of the nuclear structures
      are discussed with regard to phylogeny of holothurioidea oogenesis.

PMID- 1094647
TI  - [Change in cellular surface structures and volume under the action of
      colchicine].
AB  - Effect of colchicine upon the surface structures and volume of embryonic pig
      kidney cells and mouse ascite carcinoma Krebs II cells involved an increase of
      the cells volume. This was confirmed by the scanning electron microscopy data.
      The surface of colchicine-treated pig cells has less microvilli due, probably, to
      their enlarged volume. Swelling of mitochondrial matrix as well as some other
      ultrastructural changes in cytoplasm of the drug-treated cells suggest that the
      increase in the volume is a result of cell hydration. Disturbance of the osmotic
      equilibrium following the depolymerization of microtubles in the mitotic spindle
      and cytoplasm, is discussed.

PMID- 1094648
TI  - [Ultrastructure of normal fibroblast-like cells in the early stages of spreading
      in tissue culture].

PMID- 1094649
TI  - [Basic factors in the cerebellar Purkinje cell polyploidization in chicken
      embyogeny. II. The changes in the content and concentration of proteins, protein
      SH-groups and RNA in the cytoplasm of Purkinje cells in the process of their
      differentiation and specialization].
AB  - Cytophotometric study of the cerebellum Purkinje cells in the chick embryos(10th
      21st day) showed that the total amount of protein increased at this period
      proportionately to the growth of cells, its concentration remaining relatively
      constant. Thebasic and acid proteins ratio changed, the acid proteins increasing.
      Content of the protein SH-group increases considerably during the tigroid and
      eneurofibrillas formation, - simultaneously with the conent of RNA. The periods
      of intensification of the protein synthesis coincide with the morpho-functional
      maturation of neurons and formation of signs characterizing the maturity of the
      embryo as a whole. Supposedly the changesin the activity of nuclear apparatus of
      the cells, manifested in the increase of nuclear size and the number and size of
      nucleoli, underlie this process.

PMID- 1094650
TI  - [Electrical characteristics of normal and transformed fibroblasts in tissue
      culture].
AB  - The two-electrode method of input resistance measuring was shown to give lower
      values of resistance compared with the one-electrode balance method. Gradual
      growth of estimates of input resistance and membrane potential in the cause of
      experiment is associated with decrease in the shunting effect of the electrode
      puncture. The mean values of steady Rin of sparse and confluent culture did not
      differ when the cells were electrically disconnected (38 plus or minus 1.2 MO and
      41 plus or minus 1.8 MO respectively) and differed in electrically coupled
      fibroblasts (54 plus or minus 4.9 MO --sparse; 29 plus or minus 2.2 MO --
      confluent culture). This difference is thought to be associated with shunting
      effect of electrical connections. The specific resistance of membrane was
      estimated in normal and transformed fibroblasts.

PMID- 1094651
TI  - [Quantitative characteristics of the migration ability of different types of
      fibroblast-like cells cultured on substrates with an ordered relief].
AB  - Reactions to the geometrical configuration of the underlying surface of
      fibroblast-like cells of various species (mouse, rat, chick, hamster, human) were
      compared quantitatively. All normal cells migrated from 25-40 mcm deep grooves
      but not from the less deep ones -5-15 mcm. Migration ability was the highest in
      the mouse cells;it was less pronounced in rat and chick cells; hamster and human
      cells had the lowest migration ability. The offered quantitative method can be
      used for estimation of the reaction to the ordered relief of the substratum of
      different minds of cultured cells - normal as well as pathologically changed.

PMID- 1094652
TI  - [Degradation of yeast mitochondria induced by anaerobiosis at the early stages of
      growth of the culture].
AB  - Prolonged anaerobiosis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells result in degenerative
      changes in mitochondria which can be revealed when measuring the enzyme
      activities of the respiratory chain in isolated organellas and by electron
      microscope examination of the cells. The sensitivity of yeast mitochondria to
      anaerosiosis alters as the culture growth. Mitochondria are especially labile
      during the early expotential growth phase. Possible reasons for and mechanism of
      degradation of mitochondria in vivo are discussed.

PMID- 1094653
TI  - [In memoriam Boris L'vovich Astaurov].

PMID- 1094654
TI  - [Diazepam in obstetrics.  A double-blind study on duration of labor, pain, Apgar
      score and complications].

PMID- 1094656
TI  - [Intermittent positive and expiratory pressure (PEEP) in the treatment and
      prevention of atelectasis in adults during spontaneous respiration.  A method for
      self administration through a mask].

PMID- 1094655
TI  - [Treatment of bacterial allergic asthma with bacterial vaccine].

PMID- 1094658
TI  - [Value of LH and FSH determinations in serum in connection with the application
      of LH-FSH-releasing hormone in the diagnosis of distrubances of puberty, male
      hypogonadism and pituitary diseases].

PMID- 1094657
TI  - [Treatment of Besnier's prurigo with Calmuril-hydrocortisone 1% cream and
      triamcinolone acetonide 0,1% cream. A controlled clinical study].

PMID- 1094659
TI  - [LH-FSH releasing hormone in gynaecological diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1094660
TI  - [2 oral contraceptives with the same gestagen and different estrogen.  A
      controlled clinical trial].

PMID- 1094661
TI  - [Clonidine in prevention of migraine.  Report of a double-blind study of 38
      patients referred for neurological assessment].

PMID- 1094662
TI  - [Editorial: Gonadotropin analysis].

PMID- 1094663
TI  - [Treatment of osteoarthrosis with naproxen].

PMID- 1094665
TI  - Andrew's drainage tube.

PMID- 1094664
TI  - [History of the medical profession in Quebec. XI. The nission of Dom Smeulders].

PMID- 1094666
TI  - White's self-retaining catheter.

PMID- 1094667
TI  - Analgesic abuse syndrome: a frequently overlooked cause of reversible renal
      failure.
AB  - The incidence of analgesic nephropathy in the United States is greater than
      previously reported. Because of the characteristic radiographic features of
      papillary necrosis, this diagnosis may be made while it is still clinically
      unsuspected. Early diagnosis is extremely important because cessation of
      analgesic abuse may avert progressive renal damage. Uncovering the diagnosis
      calls for special care in obtaining the telltale history. This must be sought in
      patients with radiographic evidence of papillary necrosis when a history of
      diabetes mellitus, obstructive uropathy, or sicle cell anemia is absent, or in
      patients with unexplained nephrocalcinosis or nephrolithiasis.

PMID- 1094668
TI  - Renal transplantation and placement of ileal stoma.
AB  - The literature has been reviewed to present the techniques used by others when
      renal transplantation is done in conjunction with ileal segment urinary
      diversion. A successful technique for the convenient placement of the ileal stoma
      away from the transplanted kidney in the left lower abdominal quadrant while
      placing the donor kidney in the right iliac fossa is described and recommended,
      using a fourteen-year-old patient as an illustrative case.

PMID- 1094669
TI  - Preliminary reticulum cell sarcoma of prostate gland.
AB  - A case of primary reticulum cell sarcoma of the prostate gland is presented. This
      is the seventh well-documented case we have found in the literature. No evidence
      of extraprostatic extension has been found two and a half years after diagnosis
      was made, despite no chemotherapy nor radiotherapy.

PMID- 1094670
TI  - Archer's gynecological chair.

PMID- 1094671
TI  - Dr. Meig Case's spinal apparatus.

PMID- 1094673
TI  - Eradication of STR agalactiae from infected herds using erythromycin.

PMID- 1094672
TI  - Evaluation of an iodophor teat spray in the control of infections and cellular
      reactions in the udder.
AB  - A strictly controlled field trial was designed to assess the value of an
      iodophorpost-milking teat disinfectant in the prevention of new mastitis
      infections in a 132 cow herd. The disinfectant was applied by a hand spray, a
      method acceptable, effective, and less costly than conventional teat dipping
      methods. Only the left side of the udder was treated, the right quarters acting
      as controls. Dry-cow therapy and other methods of mastitis control were already
      practised, and no change in routine was introduced apart from half-udder teat
      spraying. Fifty-eight new cases of mastitis were found to occur on the teat
      sprayed side, compared with 91 in the untreated quarters; 35 and 23,
      respectively, were clinical. No Group B streptococci existed in the herd, and the
      principal reductions were in Group C streptococci and coagulase-negative
      staphylococci, the percentages of which were halved. The percentage of coliform
      infections on the teat-sprayed side was, in contrast, doubled. The incidence of
      new clinical and subclinical disease without infection was in reverse ratio to
      that of infections, being 29-9 per cent higher in the quarters which were teat
      sprayed. Analysis of cumulative CMT reactions from regular monthly surveys
      indicated that exponential cell-count values on each side of the udder were
      identical. Thus, while new infections were significantly reduced, overall cell
      counts were not, and there is clearly a need for further research into factors
      other than bacteria which may initiate teat damage and inflammatory changes in
      the udder.

PMID- 1094674
TI  - Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.  New president of the RCVS: A. G. Beynon.

PMID- 1094675
TI  - Serum immune globulins in calves receiving E coli endotoxin.

PMID- 1094677
TI  - Deletion mutations of the immunity region of coliphage lambda.

PMID- 1094676
TI  - Structure of the oligomeric circular molecules of a bacteriophage lambda DNA.

PMID- 1094678
TI  - Deletion mapping of trans dominant mutations in the lambda repressor gene.

PMID- 1094679
TI  - Constitutive integrative recombination by bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 1094680
TI  - Effect of T4 ghosts on T4 development.

PMID- 1094681
TI  - The lipopolysaccharide receptor for bacteriophage phiX174 and S13.

PMID- 1094682
TI  - The gene H spike protein of bacteriophages phiX174 and S13. I. Functions in phage
      receptor recognition and in transfection.

PMID- 1094683
TI  - The gene H spike protein of bacteriophages phiX174 and S13. II. Relation to
      synthesis of the parenteral replicative form.

PMID- 1094684
TI  - Temporal modulation sensitivity of the cat. II. Evoked potential estimates.

PMID- 1094685
TI  - Distribution and properties of variance estimators for complex multistage
      probability samples. An empirical distribution.

PMID- 1094686
TI  - [Standardization of the "skin-window"technic].

PMID- 1094687
TI  - [Transplantation of bone-marrow cells and the stem cell].

PMID- 1094689
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Jiri Widimsky, MD., D.S.c].

PMID- 1094688
TI  - [Suprapubic puncture and follow-up of serum antibodies against E. coli in the
      diagnosis of urinary tract infections].

PMID- 1094690
TI  - [100th anniversary of the introduction of medical and veterinary physician's
      offices].

PMID- 1094691
TI  - [Development of the Czechoslovak Society of Internal Medicine since the
      liberation of Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1094692
TI  - [Development of Czechoslovak cardiology and angiology in the past 30 years].

PMID- 1094693
TI  - [Complications of insulin therapy (comprehensive review)].

PMID- 1094695
TI  - [30 years of Slovak internal medicine].

PMID- 1094696
TI  - [Czechoslovak endocrinology in the last 30 years].

PMID- 1094694
TI  - [Development of medical thinking in Italy and its influence on medicine].

PMID- 1094697
TI  - [Extraction of intraocular magnetic foreign bodies from the eye].

PMID- 1094698
TI  - [Nature of the reactions in vaccination against intestinal infections].

PMID- 1094699
TI  - [Biological role of phosphorus in nutrition].

PMID- 1094700
TI  - [Party political work in the hospitals in the years of the Great Fatherland War].

PMID- 1094701
TI  - [Blood service of the Northern Fleet in the Great Fatherland War].

PMID- 1094702
TI  - [Concern of schoolchildren for wounded soldiers in the Great Fatherland War].

PMID- 1094703
TI  - [History of the development of therapeutics gymnastics and massage].

PMID- 1094704
TI  - [Traumatic action of an air shock wave].

PMID- 1094705
TI  - [New types of firearms from the imperialist governments and the nature of the
      wounds they cause].

PMID- 1094706
TI  - [Self-sacrifice and heroism of women military medics].

PMID- 1094707
TI  - [Experience with medical support in the battle of Kursk].

PMID- 1094708
TI  - [Medical support of the 53d Infantry Corps in the East Prussia operation].

PMID- 1094709
TI  - [Facts and figures (a chronicle of the work of the medical service during the
      first period of the Great Fatherland War)].

PMID- 1094710
TI  - [Use of urea for treating pulmonary edema].

PMID- 1094711
TI  - [Experience in utilizing electronic computers for the calculations in functional
      research].

PMID- 1094712
TI  - [Medical service of the 65th Army in the years of the Great Fatherland War].

PMID- 1094713
TI  - [Kuibyshev Hospital in the years of the Great Fatherland War].

PMID- 1094714
TI  - [Combat cooperation of the military medics of the Soviet Army and of the People's
      Liberation Army of Yugoslavia in the years of the Great Fatherland War].

PMID- 1094715
TI  - [Outline of the origin and development of Soviet military field therapy (based on
      data from the contemporary medical press)].

PMID- 1094716
TI  - [Contribution of Soviet surgeons to the development of military field surgery in
      the years of the Great Fatherland War].

PMID- 1094718
TI  - [History of military hospitals in Zagreb (1781-1945)].

PMID- 1094717
TI  - [Primary sarcoma of the bone and soft tissues].

PMID- 1094719
TI  - [30 years of the Military Hospital in Zagreb].

PMID- 1094720
TI  - [Monovalent cations and enzymes and the rise of bioinorganic chemistry].

PMID- 1094722
TI  - [V. S. Il'in (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1094721
TI  - [V. N. Orekhovich (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1094723
TI  - [Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (literature review)].

PMID- 1094724
TI  - Obituary: Fritz Ottensooser 19 July 1891--24 December 1974.

PMID- 1094725
TI  - [Activity of medical scientists of the 18th century - alumni of the Ukrainian
      scientific institutions].

PMID- 1094726
TI  - [Pathogenesis of auricular fibrillation (literature survey)].

PMID- 1094727
TI  - [N. A. Semashko on the unity of the theory and practice of public health].

PMID- 1094728
TI  - [Microbiological characteristics of bacteria of the genera Proteus and Morganella
      isolated from ill and healthy children].

PMID- 1094729
TI  - [Origin of acute renal failure; a review of the literature].

PMID- 1094730
TI  - Professor S. Halter, President of the twenty-eighth World Health Assembly.

PMID- 1094731
TI  - Oral zinc sulphate treatment of chronic non-sickle cell ulcers in Jamaica.

PMID- 1094732
TI  - Biological psychiatry: on the relationship of schizophrenia and dopaminergic
      hyperactivity.

PMID- 1094734
TI  - Medical staff conference: hypophosphatemia.

PMID- 1094735
TI  - Trauma rounds: fingertip injuries.

PMID- 1094733
TI  - Iron nutrition.

PMID- 1094737
TI  - [Our modification of Juvar's prostatectomy].

PMID- 1094736
TI  - Clindamycin--efficacy and toxicity.

PMID- 1094738
TI  - [Cardiogenic shock: clinical manifestations and treatment].

PMID- 1094739
TI  - [Clinical picture of severe infectious complications in puerperium].

PMID- 1094740
TI  - [Case of acute poisoning with an organophosphate].

PMID- 1094741
TI  - [Disseminated intravascular clotting].

PMID- 1094742
TI  - [Hungary and Hungarians in Polish medical periodicals in the 19th century].

PMID- 1094743
TI  - [The place of ultrasound diagnosis in internal medicine].
AB  - The applications of ultrasound diagnosis within the framework of general medicine
      are discussed on the basis of case reports. Ultrasonic equipment with manual
      moving of the probe is used in this department for the investigation of the
      abdomen in cases of occult neoplasms and metastases to differentiate between
      cysts and solid tumours and to determine the situation and size of parenchymatous
      organs like liver and kidney and spleen. Special fields of application are:
      follow up of patients after renal transplantation, investigation of systemic
      haematological diseases such as lymphogranuloma, or the demonstration of abnormal
      fluid masses such as haematomata in haemophilic patients, ascites or pericardial
      effusions.

PMID- 1094744
TI  - [Functional risks in the surgical therapy of urinary incontinence and prolapse
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In addition to the known surgical risks in the treatment of incontinence or
      prolapse there exists a functional risk inherent in the surgical methods, which
      can even cause a deterioration in the functional condition if the surgical aim is
      not achieved. The vaginal bladderneck sutures are only worth as much as the
      tissues they hold together. The surgical treatment of certain cases of prolapse
      can eliminate the stopcock mechanism of the urethra and lead to the manifestation
      of a preoperatively-existent incontinence. With the sling operations success
      depends, among other factors, on the degree of restraint and the correct
      placement of the sling. The outcome of hysterectomy is endangered by failure to
      recognize a coexistent prolapse or enterocoele. With Ward's manipulation, high
      peritonization and adequate treatment of the overextened posterior vaginal vault,
      the involved functional risks can be minimized. Typical examples are mentioned in
      the text. Particular emphasis is placed on the necessity of exact knowledge of
      the circumstances threatending the functional success and their recognition by
      means of wick-urethrocystocolporectography. For the maintenance of a good doctor
      patient relationship, the patient may receive prior to surgery an understandable
      explanation of the limitations of the methods used in achieving a functional
      cure.

PMID- 1094745
TI  - [Equilin sulphate in the treatment of the menopausal syndrome (author's transl)].
AB  - 0.25 sodium equilin sulphate and 0.625 mg Premarin were compared as to their
      effects in 12 postmenopausal syndrome. The initial daily dosage of 0.25 mg
      equilin had a stronger oestrongenic effect in the alleviation of vasomotor
      disturbances than subsequently-administered Premarin. No significant difference
      was found in effect on the vaginal epithelium or the endometrium or in the
      incidence of irregular bleeding. The number of women in whom withdrawal bleeding
      was reported was considerably reduced by lowering the dosage to 0.2 mg equilin
      sulphate. Consequently 0.2 to 0.3 mg equilin sulphate must be considered the
      optimum dosage.

PMID- 1094746
TI  - [Intensive care therapy of newborn infants (author's transl)].
AB  - Intensive care of newborn babies consists of immediate resuscitation during the
      very first minutes after birth, intensive management during the transportation
      and treatment at the intensive care unit. The importance of immediate
      resuscitation for the following therapeutic management is stressed. The modern
      system of correct and well-organized transport for newborn babies is also
      described. As to the diagnostic and therapeutic management in the intensive care
      unit, attention is called to the fact that it does not consist only of artificial
      respiration; in particular, temperature, blood glucose concentration, blood gas
      analysis and all vital functions must be constantly controlled. The importance of
      exact dosage of the administered oxygen during the intensive care of newborn
      babies is demonstrated. The indications, practical management and complications
      of artificial respiration are detailed. Finally, the good results which can be
      achieved in this field, with a significant reduction in mortality of artificially
      respirated infants, are shown by the present investigation. Good organization,
      modern technical equipment and, especially, well-trained staff are indispensable
      foundations for the successful management of newborn infants requiring intensive
      care.

PMID- 1094747
TI  - [Clinical and immunological studies in idiopathic adrenal insufficiency].
AB  - The application of 2 special methods to the pathogenetic elucidation of
      idiopathic Addison's disease is discussed in the light of a clinical case. In
      accordance with the literature, this patient with idiopathic Addison's disease
      showed a normal adrenomedullary response (as gauged by the catecholamine
      excretion and the increase in plasma renin activity) to 2-deoxy-D-glucose
      administration. Moreover, IgG antibodies were demonstrable in the patient's serum
      with respect to adrenocortical antigens of the cytoplasmic components of the
      endocrine cells of the zona glomerulosa and zona fisciculata.

PMID- 1094748
TI  - [Clinical pharmacology of Opino-gel--the demonstration of its effectiveness
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The effectiveness of topically-applied buphenin (in a gel basis) was demonstrated
      by rheography in a double-blind study. This finding was additionally corroborated
      by experimental local vascular (venous) rheography. The flow volume of the tested
      vessels showed an improvement.

PMID- 1094749
TI  - [Modification of the metabolism by NAB 365 and therapeutic effect in bronchial
      asthma].

PMID- 1094750
TI  - [Level of lactates and examinations of tremor under Clenbuterol (NAB 365)].

PMID- 1094751
TI  - [Double blind test with NAB 365 and 2 other sympathicomimetics for the
      examination of pulmonary function and circulation parameters as well as sleep
      behavior].

PMID- 1094752
TI  - Folic acid.

PMID- 1094754
TI  - Nutritional factors in anaemia.

PMID- 1094753
TI  - Nature and importance of endogenous fatty acids during intestinal absorption of
      fats.

PMID- 1094755
TI  - [Basis, clinical picture and therapy of diseases of the extrapyramidal-motoric
      system (EPMS)].

PMID- 1094756
TI  - [Results of a controlled clinical study on a new retard antihypotensive agent
      with reference to Schellong's test].

PMID- 1094757
TI  - [Clinical experience with Lindigoa-depot-dragees in vascular diseases].

PMID- 1094758
TI  - X-linked hydrocephalus. Further observations.

PMID- 1094759
TI  - [Results of surgical management of scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis in adults
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Report about 60 operated scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis experienced at adults above
      18 years. After separating the patients into male and female groups, age and
      localisation the most severe preoperative findings which make the operative
      treatment more difficult, will be described. Much impact will be put on pre
      operative respiratoric and cardial impairment. The evaluation of scoliosis in
      adults will be proofed by examples. The operative technique, whose basis is the
      Harrington instrumentation in the modification by Stagnara, will be described
      also. 72 operative treatments have been necessary at 60 patients. In many cases
      rip-resections and dorsal osteotomies of the spine have been done. In oposition
      to the correction results of 46.2% on scoliosis and 56.5% on kyphoscoliosis there
      is one pulmonary embolism ending deadly and one irreversible paraplegia.

PMID- 1094760
TI  - [Investigations of contact tissues of Blount vitallium staples using the
      instrumental neutron activation analysis (author's transl)].
AB  - Instrumental neutron activation analysis with Gamma-spectroscopy is a very
      sensitive method for testing trace elements. Specimens of contact tissue around 5
      Blount's vitallium clamps were, after preparation at the Nuclear Research
      Institute Julich irradiated with thermic neutrons and their element-specific
      gamma spectra were measured after 33 and 125 days. In contact tissue a
      significant rise in concentration of the alloy-specific elements cobalt and
      chromium was found. The unspecific elements silver, caesium, iron, rubidium,
      antimon, scandium and zink were either within or very close to the normal. The
      metallosis of contact tissue is due to corrosion of the surfaces of cobalt
      chromium implants.

PMID- 1094761
TI  - [Editorial: The fatal disease of Lenin].

PMID- 1094762
TI  - [Lenin's fatal disease from the current point of view].

PMID- 1094763
TI  - [Study of serologic reation in syphilis with thermoresistors, using a specific
      Treponema antigen].

PMID- 1094764
TI  - [Electron-microscopic demonstration of virus-like structures in the synovial
      membrane in chronic progressive polyarthritis].
AB  - The recent demonstration of ultramicroscopic "virus-like" cell inclusions in
      various organs in patients with collagen and autoimmune diseases suggest that
      viruses may play an aetiological role in these diseases. This paper reports
      briefly on some of the evidence for such "virus-like" structures in different
      cells of the synovial membrane from two patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The
      inclusions were localised in the vaculoes of the endoplasmatic reticulum of
      endothelial cells, lymphocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts and perithelial cells.
      They appear as tubular bodies of approximately 250 A. diameter. The tubules join
      together so that they form a 3-dimensional network. The possible viral or non
      viral nature of these inclusions is discussed. A ultramicroscopical resemblance
      to the RNA-containing paramyxo-viruses suggests their virus nature. However, the
      negative results in testing with serum antibodies and immunofluorescence
      techniques argue against this. The authors suggest that the demonstration of
      these inclusions in other than collagen diseases points more in the direction of
      the correlation of these inclusions with immune globulin synthesis rather than
      the presence of a virus.

PMID- 1094765
TI  - [Gerd Stellbrink, MD].

PMID- 1094766
TI  - [80th anniversary of Prof. Kurt Voit].

PMID- 1094767
TI  - [Effect on quinoline derivatives, nucleotides, D-penicillamine,cytostatic and
      antiphogistic drugs on the rheumatoid factors other immune antibodies].
AB  - Cytostatics have no effect on antigen-antibody reactions in vitro.
      Immunosuppression by cytostatics is mainly based on the inhibition of
      immunocytes. Prednisolone inhibits RA-factors in the Waaler-Rose-test; the
      mechanism of this effect is not understood at the present time. Acetylsalicylic
      acid has no influence on the antigen-antibody reactions investigated. Nucleotides
      inhibit only ANA; the effect is probably based on a cross reaction with ANA. D
      enicillamine inhibits RA-factors and other IgM-antibodies by splitting SS-bonds
      in macromolecules of immunoglobulins. Quinoline derivatives inhibit RA-factors,
      ANA, cold agglutinins and IgG-isoantibodies and autoantibodies to erythrocytes.
      Contrary to nucleotides, prednisolone and d-penicillamine, which also inhibit
      antigen-antibody reactions, chloroquine is splitting immune complexes; after the
      aplitting of the complexes the reactivity of antigens and antibodies is not
      impaired. The mechanism of action of chloroquine might be connected with physical
      and chemical processes of the antigen-antibody reaction. The reduction of the
      surface charge of human red cells is not related to the inhibition of antigen
      antibody reactions by the  substances investigated.

PMID- 1094769
TI  - [Operation for removal of subluxation and dislocation of the crystalline lens].

PMID- 1094768
TI  - Outbred stocks of laboratory animals: first European listing.

PMID- 1094770
TI  - [Modification of the Bunell's operation in ruptures of Achilles tendon (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1094771
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Assistant Prof. Emil Eis, C.Sc].

PMID- 1094772
TI  - [Koenig's osteochondritis dissecans influenced by a cortical graft].

PMID- 1094773
TI  - [Development of orthopedics in the Czech provinces during the last 30 years].

PMID- 1094774
TI  - [Development of orthopedics in Slovakia during socialist Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1094775
TI  - [Bohumir Landrgot, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1094776
TI  - Mixed gonadal dysgenesis.
AB  - Mixed gonadal dysgenesis (MCG) is a rare intersexual disorder, characterized in
      most cases by the presence of a testis and a contralateral streak gonad; in some
      cases the contralateral gonad may be rudimentary not having differentiated into
      an ovary or into a testis and in other cases it may be absent. A personal case
      was recently studied by the authors in some detail: A 51-year-old individual
      reared as a female with primary amenorrhea, short stature, subnormal
      intelligence, male type habitus, hirsutism, moderate breast development,
      ambiguous external genitalia with a 5 x 2 cm phallus, labia majora with scrotal
      type skin, and a urogenital sinus. Internal genitalia consisted of a hypoplastic
      vagina and uterus, a streak gonad on the right and intraabdominal testis,
      fallopian tube, and epididymis on the left side. The dysgenetic testis contained
      a gonadoblastoma and the streak a gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma. A buccal smear
      was chromatin negative and karyotype analysis revealed XO/XY mosaicism. Thyroid
      and adrenocortical function was normal. A plasma testosterone level of 0.15 mu-g%
      rose to 0.45 mu-g% with 3 days of HCG administration. With bilateral gonadectomy
      the plasma testosterone level fell to 0.06 mu-g% and there was no response
      following HCG administration. 109 cases of MGD and 2 cases of unilateral gonadal
      dysgenesis reported in the world literature between 1937 and 1973 were reviewed.
      On the basis of their clinical and pathological features, the latter two patients
      were excluded from the category of MGD. In 15 of the 109 cases of MGD, a
      gonadoblastoma obscuring the gonad of origin was opposed by a dysgenetic gonad
      with or without a gonadoblastoma or no gonad. In these cases the presence of a
      testis was not proven histologically and their clinical-pathological features
      were similar to those found in pure gonadal dysgenesis. Of the remaining 94 cases
      of MGD, 72 had testicular tissue on one side and a streak or embryonic gonad on
      the other while 22 had a testis and no contralateral gonad...

PMID- 1094777
TI  - [Choice of recipent in human cardiac transplantation].
AB  - The favourable clinical results of cardiac transplantation merit wider
      application of this therapeutic measure in the management of non-obstructive
      primary cardiomyopathies and diffuse myocardial fibrosis secondary to coronary
      artery disease and in its terminal phase, in the absence of any absolute
      contraindication (pulmonary resistance too high, diabetes, gastrointestinal
      disorder, infection, patient too old.). Close cooperation between departments of
      cardiology and surgical transplantation centres, with systematic study of the
      patients pre-operatively and the setting up of a waiting list of recipients, will
      make possible in the future the improvement of the already encouraging results of
      cardiac transplantation.

PMID- 1094778
TI  - [Letter: Treatment of periodic disease (familial Mediterranean fever) by
      colchicine].

PMID- 1094779
TI  - [Crowns and bridges].

PMID- 1094780
TI  - [Total prostheses and partially joined prostheses].

PMID- 1094781
TI  - High-frequency positive-pressure ventilation (hfppv) during transthoracic
      resection of tracheal stenosis and during peroperative bronchoscopic examination.
AB  - Operation of a patient with intrathoracic tracheal stenosis using a new
      ventilation technique (HFPPV) is described. The technique permits tracheoscopy
      during ventilation and operation, thus enabling exact location of the stenosis to
      be obtained. Further, peroperative tracheoscopic checking of the anastomosis can
      be carried out. Resection and anastomosis can be performed without interference
      of a bulky endotracheal tube.

PMID- 1094782
TI  - Effects of different inspiratory gas flow patterns on thoracic compliance during
      respirator treatment.
AB  - Nine patients under general anaesthesia and 26 intensive care patients undergoing
      respirator treatment were investigated with special reference to changes in
      compliance under the influence of different inspiratory gas flow patterns during
      intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). Pressure recordings were
      performed in the respirator tubings, in the trachea and in the oesophagus. Flow
      rate was measured with pneumotachography. Total compliance showed an increase
      with a decelerating flow compared to an accelerating flow in the anaesthetized
      group as well as in patients with low compliance and high resistance, and also in
      patients with chronic respiratory disease. These findings were explained by an
      inproved evenness in the distribution of gas in the greater airways during the
      inspiratory phase. A separation of total compliance into lung and chest wall
      compliance did not reveal any significant variation correlated to flow pattern.
      The change in compliance occurred within minutes and remained during a 30-minute
      setting period.

PMID- 1094783
TI  - Effects of different gas flow patterns on central circulation during respirator
      treatment.
AB  - The effects of different inspiratory gas flow patterns on the central circulation
      during respirator treatment were investigated, first with a retrospective study
      consisting of 15 patients, where the effects on the mean intrathoracic pressure
      were represented by the variations in the amplitude and time development of the
      oesophageal pressure curve. In another study on eight intensive care patients
      undergoing respirator treatment, right-sided heart catheterisation was performed
      with pressure recordings in the central venous position, the right ventricle, the
      pulmonary artery and in the pulmonary capillary venous position. Estimations of
      the arterial-mixed venous oxygen content difference were also made. The
      development and transmission of the airway pressure curve to the central
      circulation were illustrated and discussed. The results showed very small effects
      on the mean intrathoracic pressure from different inspiratory gas flow patterns,
      and, therefore, it could be expected that the effects on the central circulation
      would be insignificant. This was also the conclusion in the catheterisation
      study. No important changes in the pressures of the a-vo2 difference occured.
      Most of the characteristics of a particular gas flow pattern are lost during the
      passage through the airways and are not transmitted to the oesophagus or the
      central vessels.

PMID- 1094784
TI  - [Memory of the late Dr. Shunichi Morita].

PMID- 1094785
TI  - Causes of polyneuropathy.

PMID- 1094786
TI  - Blood-brain barrier lesions in acute hypertension in rabbits after unilateral X
      ray exposure of brain.
AB  - Acute hypertension was induced by metaraminol at different time intervals
      following irradiation in rabbits exposed to unilateral X-ray irradiation against
      the brain (3000 R) and in control animals. Hypertension resulted in a few areas
      of Evans blue extravasation in control animals. In the irradiated animals there
      was a marked increase in tracer extravasation on the half of the brain exposed to
      X-rays, indicating an increased vulnerability of cerebral vessels to blood
      pressure increase after irradiation.

PMID- 1094787
TI  - Treatment of imminent premature labour.
AB  - In this study, 194 imminent premature deliveries were treated. The pregnancies
      were in the 28th to 36th week. Uterine contractions were demonstrable in all
      patients and amniotic membranes were intact. All patients were treated with
      bedrest. Two betasympathomimetics were used in a double-blind study: Nyldrin
      hydrochloride (43 cases) and Isoxuprine hydrochloride (60 cases). A placebo was
      given to 41 patients, and ethyl alcohol to 50 patients. Intravenous and
      intramuscular treatment given in the hospital was continued with oral
      administration at home, and follow-up examinations were repeated at short
      intervals. Taking a minimum birth weight of 2500 g as the criteria of successful
      treatment, the success rate in the placebo group was 71%, in the Nylidrin
      hydrochloride group 86%, the Isoxuprine hydrochloride group 75% and the alcohol
      group 70%. When premature delivery was postponed 7 days, the pregnancy advanced.,
      to the 37th week or later in 73, 77, 62 and 56% in their respective groups. The
      beta-sympathomimetics, especially the Nylidrin hydrochloride, were in every
      respect more efficient than placebo or alcohol. The therapeutic effect of alcohol
      was no better than that obtained with placebo. From the fetal point of view, the
      drugs used in the present study showed no adverse-effects.

PMID- 1094788
TI  - Retrograde degeneration of the cochlear nerve.
AB  - Retrograde degeneration of the cochlear neurons has been studied in different
      types and degrees of peripheral cochlear damage such as acoustic trauma,
      intoxication, heredodegenerative deafness and others. It starts only when the
      peripheral dendrites to the inner hair cells are irreversibly damaged. About 10%
      of the neurons are not affected by retrograde degeneration. They correspond to
      the type II and III neurons, which also survive after transection of the cochlear
      nerve and are mainly associated with the outer hair cells. Cochlear damage due to
      vascular impairment usually leads to a complete loss of cochlear neurons. In
      hereditary abiotrophic deafness, neuronal degeneration is slower and its extent
      varies considerably according to the various genetic syndromes.

PMID- 1094789
TI  - [The 65th birthday of D. Arn van Krevelen, M.D].

PMID- 1094790
TI  - [Happiness with the child (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094792
TI  - Contemporary concept of autism and autismus infantum.

PMID- 1094791
TI  - Mental deficiency and behavioral disorders.

PMID- 1094793
TI  - [Memory and intelligence: predictive factors for a child's future (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1094794
TI  - [Attempts to homocide and homicides committed by subjects under 20 years.
      Clinical and psychodiagnostical investigations (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094795
TI  - [Adolscent murderers through love (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094796
TI  - [Psychiatric aspects of drug abuse in adolescents (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094797
TI  - [History of the term "child psychiatry" (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094798
TI  - Cellular sites of immunoglobulins . VI. Localization of immunoglobulins in the
      human thymus.
AB  - IgG-, IgM and IgA-containing cells in the human thymus and mesenteric lymph nodes
      were studied by direct, double-antibody immunofluorescence techniques. Ig
      containing cells were identified in the thymic medulla but not in cortical or
      paracortical zones. About 93 percent of the medullary Ig-containing cells were
      IgG-containing (vs. 5 percent IgM containing and 2 percent IgA - containing). By
      contrast, lymph nodes contained about 53 percent IgG, 31 percent IgA and 16
      percent IgM type immunocytes. In addition, Ig-containing cells were about one
      tenth as numerous in thymus as in lymph nodes.

PMID- 1094799
TI  - Effects of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid on growth and
      morphology of L 929 cells.

PMID- 1094800
TI  - Ethanol metabolism in the liver.

PMID- 1094801
TI  - Combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of metoprolol in the cat and
      the dog.

PMID- 1094802
TI  - Combined pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynammc studies in man of the adrenergic
      beta1-receptor antagonist metoprolol.

PMID- 1094803
TI  - Influence of metoprolol and propranolol on hemodynamic effects induced by
      physical work and isoprenaline.

PMID- 1094804
TI  - A survey of the pharmacological properties of metoprolol in animals and man.

PMID- 1094805
TI  - Effects of metoprolol and propranolol on some metabolic responses to
      catecholamines in the anaesthetized dog.

PMID- 1094806
TI  - Proceedings: Pharmacokinetics in relation to physiological and psychological
      effects of delta-8-THC.

PMID- 1094807
TI  - Involution of polycystic kidneys during active treatment of terminal uremia.
AB  - Following institution of chronic dialysis and/or renal transplantation for
      terminal uremia, four consecutive patients observed for 15-48 months with their
      polycystic kidneys in situ invariably showed a rapid relief of symptoms (pain,
      hematuria) followed by a gradual, but steady, involution of the kidneys. The
      mechanism and the practical clinical implications are discussed.

PMID- 1094808
TI  - The smooth muscle of the artery.

PMID- 1094809
TI  - Structural characteristics, mechanisms of contraction, innervation and
      proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Ultrastructure and function of vascular
      smooth muscle.

PMID- 1094810
TI  - Relationship of endothelium to smooth muscle. Overview.

PMID- 1094811
TI  - Metabolic characteristics of smooth muscle including synthetic and secretory
      functions and the chemistry of contraction. Lipid metabolism of the arterial
      smooth muscle cells.

PMID- 1094812
TI  - Circadian and other rhythms of parasites.

PMID- 1094813
TI  - [Keratoplasty and allograft reaction--relation to corneal vascularization ans
      suture material (author's transl)].

PMID- 1094814
TI  - The persistence of Salmonella typhi murium in various types of manure with and
      without admixture of silage effluent.

PMID- 1094815
TI  - Hydrogen sulphide producing variants of Escherichia coli, widespread occurrence
      in animals and humans within a confined environment.

PMID- 1094816
TI  - Corrective therapy involvement in the Veterans Administration.

PMID- 1094817
TI  - New aspects of the thrombogenic effect of oral contraceptives.

PMID- 1094818
TI  - Electrophysiology and pharmacology of cardiac arrhythmias. vii. Cardiac effects
      of quinidine and procaine amide. B.

PMID- 1094819
TI  - Comparative hemodynamic effects of placebo and oral isosorbide dinitrate in
      patients with significant coronary artery disease.
AB  - Comparative hemodynamic effects of placebo and 10 mg of oral isosorbide dinitrate
      were studied in patients with significant coronary artery disease (larger than or
      equal to 75 per cent lumen narrowing) proved angiographically. Isosorbide
      dinitrate or placebo was given to eight and 10 patients, respectively, in a
      double-blind fashion. Cardiac performance at rest and during supine leg exercise
      was evaluated before and 60 minutes after drug administration. In the resting
      state, isosorbide dinitrate compared to placebo significantly reduced the left
      ventricualr (systolic and diastolic), mean pulmonary artery and mean aortic
      pressures, cardiac index, stroke index, left ventricular work index, stroke work
      index, and mean systolic ejection rate. Isosorbide dinitrate also significantly
      reduced left ventricular (systolic and diastolic and mean pulmonary artery
      pressures during exercise. This study indicates that 10 mg of isosorbide
      dinitrate has a significant influence on ischemic left ventricular dysfunction 60
      minutes after its oral administration.

PMID- 1094820
TI  - Drug interactions in cardiovascular therapy.

PMID- 1094821
TI  - Nutritional influences in industrial societies.

PMID- 1094823
TI  - Infection and low birth weight in a developing country. A study in an Indian
      village of Guatemala.

PMID- 1094822
TI  - Maternal nutrition and fetal growth in developing countries.

PMID- 1094824
TI  - Survival and physical growth in infancy and early childhood. Study of birth
      weight and gestational age in a Guatemalan Indian village.

PMID- 1094825
TI  - Review of computer applications in hospital pharmacy practice.
AB  - A comprehensive literature review of the applications of computers in hospital
      pharmacy practice is presented. Articles are categorized as: accounting and drug
      usage review; purchasing and inventory control; controlled substances; outpatient
      services;drug distribution; drug information; and clinical services.

PMID- 1094826
TI  - Adolescent hypertension.
AB  - The present appraisal indicates that blood pressure patterns in adolescence
      differ from those in adulthood and that the design of hypertension detection
      programs needs to be modified for this age group. Routine blood pressure
      screening within the school system would appear to be the most effective means
      for early detection of hypertension. Links with established hypertension clinics,
      preferably within an adolescent unit, should be forged so that health
      preservation becomes a meaningful part of the educational process. Although
      primary hypertension has been documented in the adolescent age group, the
      incidence is unknown and careful diagnostic evaluation is warranted until our
      knowledge of its characteristics is more fully expanded.

PMID- 1094827
TI  - Electron dense alteration of kidney basement membranes. A renal lesion specific
      of a systemic disease.
AB  - Described here are the findings of a clinical, anatomic and chemical study of 40
      patients having an original lesion of the basement membranes of the kidney. This
      lesion is characterized by an ultrastructural modification of the basement
      membrane substance which appears very dark (black) and homogeneous in electron
      micrographs. It affects the basement membranes of the glomerulus, Bowman's
      capsule and the renal tubules. Patients with this lesion all manifest the
      clinical course of a chronic enphritis and is almost invariably accompanied by
      proteinuria and microscopic hematuria. The disease evolves generally with
      intermittent episodes towards irreversible renal failure. Eight patients received
      kidney transplants. Study of these transplants has shown that the lesion recurs
      in the transplanted kidneys during the year following transplantation. Moreover,
      it is never found in kidneys transplanted into patients who did not have it in
      their own kidneys. This ultrastructural lesion can therefore be placed in the
      framework of a systemic disease whose etiology is not yet known. The study of
      these transplants also shows that the lesion can exist despite the absence of any
      detectable clinical or biologic signs and be well tolerated for periods which now
      exceed 4 years for three patients.

PMID- 1094828
TI  - Alternative C3 pathway activiation in pneumococcal glomerulonephritis.
AB  - Glomerulonephritis following pneumococcal infection has been observed, but
      possible immunopathologic mechanisms have not been adequately explored. Multiple
      serologic studies as well as light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopic
      evaluation of kidney biopsy tissue from a 4 year old girl with pneumococcal
      glomerulonephritis were performed. Clinical studies at the onset of the disease
      showed normal serum C3 and C4 levels (third and fourth components of complement)
      with progression to selective C3 hypocomplementemia from days 2 to 58. A serum
      factor capable of breaking down C3 in normal human serum was present during the
      period of maximum C3 hypocomplementemia. Renal glomerular histology revealed a
      mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis. Glomerular bound C3 and type 14
      pneumococcal antigen were associated with similar, but less extensive, deposits
      of properdin. Minimal immunoglobulin M (IgM) and C4 were seen, but immunoglobulin
      G (IgG) and fibrinogen were absent. Ultrastructurally, subepithelial "humps" and
      intramembranous electron dense deposits were noted. It is hypothesized that the
      pneumococcal polysaccharide can activate the alternate complement pathway and may
      be responsible for a limited course of glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1094829
TI  - Meningococcal antigen in diagnosis and treatment of group A meningococcal
      infections.
AB  - Meningococcal antigen was measured by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis in the
      blood and cerebrospinal fluid of 200 patients with group A meningococcal
      meningitis. Antigen was detected in the blood of 27 (13.5 per cent) patients.
      These patients had a worse prognosis and a higher incidence of allergic
      complications, such as arthritis and vasculitis, about 5 days after the start of
      antibiotic treatment. Antigen was found in the CSF of 129 (67.5 per cent)
      patients); antigen often persisted in the cerebrospinal fluid despite antibiotic
      treatment before admission. A combination of immunoelectrophoresis and routine
      bacteriologic study was used in the diagnosis of 162 (84.8 per cent) patients
      with meningococcal meningitis. High levels of antigen and a slow antigen
      disappearance were associated with neurologic damage. The antigen is stable and
      may be detected from specimens of cerebrospinal fluid dried on filter paper.

PMID- 1094830
TI  - Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in renal allotransplantation. Repart of a
      successfully treated case and review of the literature.
AB  - The development of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia after renal transplantation
      in a 17 year old white boy is reported, and the literature is reviewed. In this
      patient microangiopathic hemolytic anemia developed 6 weeks after renal
      transplantation during a second episode of rejection. Light, fluorescence and
      electron microscopy demonstrated the renal vascular lesion associated with this
      syndrome. In contrast to the other four previously reported cases of
      microangiopathic hemolytic anemia associated with renal allotransplantation, this
      patient had complete resolution of the microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with
      heparin therapy and improved allograft function, presumably with diminution of
      the vascular lesion. He survived a complicated early period after renal
      transplantation and has shown no recurrence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
      in the 18 months since transplantation. Special red blood cell and fibrinogen
      studies are discussed.

PMID- 1094831
TI  - The BSL system at Denver General Hospital.

PMID- 1094832
TI  - Complications of keratoplasty.
AB  - The complications of keratoplasty have been greatly reduced in recent years by
      virtue of finer instrumentation, microsurgery, new drugs to minimize
      postoperative complications, and improved methods of donor cornea preversation. A
      49-year-old woman, following uncomplicated keratoplasty with donor material from
      a patient who had died of a slow virus disease, developed the same condition and
      died 18 months later. Until more evidence is available, donor material from
      individuals dying of obscure chronic central nervous system disorders should be
      used with extreme caution.

PMID- 1094833
TI  - Geometric analysis of radial buckling.
AB  - Tension analysis along the retinal surface demonstrates the advantage of
      meridional buckles over limbal-parallel buckles. A cylindrical sponge generates
      tensional forces in the retina along the long axis of the buckle and
      perpendicular to it. The tension perpendicular to the sponge is positive, and the
      retina and retinal pigment epithelium stretch in that direction. The tension
      along the long axis is positive (stretching) when the buckle is less than 90
      degrees arc length; and negative (compression), greater than 90 degrees for a 5
      mm sponge. Consequently, retinal compression folds on the buckles occur for
      buckles of arc length greater than 90 degrees. These tension forces at right
      angles to each other explain the development of (1) concave retinal detachment or
      retinal folds off short limbal-parallel buckles, (2) retinal folds on long limbal
      parallel buckles, and (3) fishmouthing of horseshoe tears overlying a limbal
      parallel buckle. The buckle increases retinal surface area overlying the buckle.
      The significance of this is not clear, but it may explain the lessening or
      disappearance of compression folds on the buckle in time.

PMID- 1094834
TI  - The Journal 60 years ago: another era, another war.

PMID- 1094835
TI  - The American Board of Orthodontics: a major Association accomplishment.

PMID- 1094836
TI  - Letter: On direct bonding of brackets.

PMID- 1094837
TI  - Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis (massive necrosis) with fat necrosis induced in
      mice by DL-ethionine fed with a choline-deficient diet.
AB  - Female, albino mice were fed a choline-deficient diet containing 0.5% DL
      ethionine. All animals died within 5 days due to the development of an acute
      hemorrhagic pancreatis with fat necrosis throughout the peritoneal cavity. The
      apancreatitis was characterized by a massive necrosis of the exocrine parenchyma
      with intense hemorrhage and inflammatory reaction of the stroma. The sequence of
      histologic and ultrastructural alterations occurring in the acinar cells of the
      pancreas were studied in mice fed the diet for 1, 2, and 3 days. Major findings
      consited of accumulation of zymogen granules, vacuolation due to foci of
      cytoplasmic degradation, and alterations in the morphology of the zymogen
      granules. The pancreatitis appears to be due to intraparenchymal activation of
      zymogens, resulting from a synergistic action of choline deficiency with the
      basic toxicity of ethionine toward the acinar cells of the pancreas. The
      experimental model simulates closely the acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis with fat
      necrosis occurring in humans and may prove useful for exploring the pathogenesis
      of this condition.

PMID- 1094838
TI  - Vascularization of normal and neoplastic tissues grafted to the chick
      chorioallantois. Role of host and preexisting graft blood vessels.
AB  - Adult, embryonic, and tumor tissues were grafted to the chorioallantoic membrane
      of the chick embryo to determine whether blood vessels originally within implants
      were reused in the establishment of a new blood supply. Grafts were examined
      daily by in vivo stereomicroscopy and in histologic sections. Colloidal carbon
      injections into the host vasculature served to confirm the precise onset of graft
      circulation; Preexisting tumor blood vessels disintegrated by 24 hours after
      implantation and revascularization occurred at 3 days by penetration of
      proliferating host vessels into the tumor tissue. Adult tissues did not
      revascularize, and the original graft vasculature progressively disintegrated
      during the 9 days of observation, Most embryonic tissues revascularized in 1 or 2
      days by reperfusion of the existing graft vasculature. Anastomosis of host and
      graft blood vessels seemed to result from connections between newly formed
      vascular sprouts arising from both vasculatures. This study indicates that only
      tumor grafts acquire their blood supply solely by formation of new blood vessels
      from the host microvasculature. By contrast revascularization of normal tissues,
      when it does occur, is predominately the result of perfusion of the preexisting
      graft blood vessels.

PMID- 1094839
TI  - Schering commemorative mortar and pestle series celebrates our 150th anniversary.

PMID- 1094840
TI  - John P. Spiegel, M.D. One hundred and third president, 1974-1975.

PMID- 1094841
TI  - Depression, Delusions, and Drug Response.
AB  - Depressed patients with delusions were found to be markedly unresponsive to
      tricyclic drug therapy during an ongoing study of depressed patients. After four
      weeks of administration of imipramine hydrochloride, only 3 of 13 delusional
      depressed patients had responded to the drug, but 14 of 21 nondelusional
      depressed patients had responded. The authors conclude on the basis of these data
      and those of other researchers that delusional depressed patients should not be
      treated with tricyclic antidepressants and that current research with depressed
      patients should be reevaluated in the light of this finding.

PMID- 1094842
TI  - Methylphenidate and caffeine in the treatment of children with minimal brain
      dysfunction.
AB  - In this double-blind, crossover study of 8 boys with minimal brain dysfunction,
      20 mg of methylphenidate daily was significantly better than 160 mg of caffeine
      in controlling behavior, especially impulsivity and hyperactivity, and
      methylphenidate alone was superior to decaffeinated coffee and placebo. The
      tentative results of this study confirm the primary position of sympathomimetics
      in the pharmacotherapy of minimal brain dysfunction and, in addition, suggest the
      involvement of dopamine pathways in this disorder. The authors urge further study
      of this hypothesis.

PMID- 1094843
TI  - An investigation for extracting more information from computerized tomography
      scans.

PMID- 1094844
TI  - Computerized axial tomography of the cerebral ventricles and subarachnoid spaces.

PMID- 1094845
TI  - Increased intracranial pressure: evaluation by computerized tomography.

PMID- 1094846
TI  - Computerized transverse tomography of vascular lesions of the brain. Part I:
      arteriovenous malformations.

PMID- 1094847
TI  - Computerized transverse tomography of vascular lesions of the brain. Part II:
      aneurysms.

PMID- 1094849
TI  - [Nikolai Sergeevich Baksheev].

PMID- 1094848
TI  - [Prognosis in uterine inertia using computers].

PMID- 1094850
TI  - [Effect of gonadotropins and sex hormones on the immunological reactivity
      (literature survey)].

PMID- 1094851
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Rudiger Beer].

PMID- 1094852
TI  - Automatic fluorescence titrations and their interpretation.

PMID- 1094853
TI  - Use of reverse isotope diluation analysis to determine blood plasma L(+)-14C
      lactate specific radioactivity.

PMID- 1094854
TI  - Isolation of transfer RNA isoacceptors by chromatography on dihydroxyboryl
      substituted cellulose, polyacrylamide, and glass.

PMID- 1094855
TI  - A compilation of amino acid analyses of proteins. X. Residues per mole of protein
      -8. Hemoglobin, Part B--nonhuman.

PMID- 1094856
TI  - Air pollution.

PMID- 1094857
TI  - Pesticide residues.

PMID- 1094858
TI  - Clinical chemistry.

PMID- 1094859
TI  - Pharmaceuticals and related drugs.

PMID- 1094860
TI  - The Journal of State Medicine. Volume XX: 341-368, 1912. The etiology of the
      deficiency diseases. Beri-beri, polyneuritis in birds, epidemic deopsy, scurvy,
      experimental scurvy in animals, infantile scurvy, ship beri-beri, pellagra.

PMID- 1094861
TI  - Adaptation to low protein intakes.

PMID- 1094862
TI  - Chemiluminescence in gas analysis and Flame-emission spectrometry.

PMID- 1094863
TI  - The nature and significance of sheep red blood cell rosettes.
AB  - Rosette formation between human thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes and sheep red
      blood cells (SRBC) was inhibited by T cell specific antisera but not by sera
      directed against other lymphocyte antigens. We conclude that the SRBC receptor is
      closely linked to T specific antigens.

PMID- 1094864
TI  - Evaluation of soluble-antigen fluorescent antibody test for antibodies to
      Trichinella spiralis in Experimentallly infected swine.
AB  - The soluble-antigen fluorescent antibody (SAFA) test was evaluated at intervals
      from 7 days to 1 year in 42 swine infected with 25, 100, 500, 2,500, 12,000, or
      250,000 Trichinella spiralis larvae. Serums were test positive as early as 14
      days after exposure in swine fed 25 larvae and as early as 7 days in swine fed
      100 or 500 larvae. Serums of all swine fed larger numbers of larvae were test
      positive by day 17 and remained test positive for the duration of the experiment.
      Fluorescence obtained in tests of serums from noninfected, laboratory-raised
      swine varied significantly; field tests were not done. The test couldbe done with
      whole heparinized blood, dried blood, or serum eluted from paper disks. Time
      required for the test procedure was reduced to approximately 45 minutes. The SAFA
      test detected antibodies to T spiralis earlier in swine fed smaller numbers of
      larvae and for longer duration than any other serotest which has been evaluated
      in swine. The test, particularly if automated, seems adequate as a mass screening
      test for surveillance and control of trichinosis in swine.

PMID- 1094865
TI  - Macrophages in bovine milk.
AB  - The high vacuolated mononuclear cells in milk from normal bovine mammary glands,
      usually designated epithelial cells, were examined for properties characteristic
      of macrophages. In vitro, these cells concentrated neutral red into cytoplasmic
      vacuoles, adhered rapidly to and spread on glass, and phagocytosed viable
      Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus. Neutral red uptake was
      demonstrated in vivo, and the vacuolated mononuclear cells phagocytosed
      formalinkilled S aureus in vivo. These results suggest that these cells are
      macrophages.

PMID- 1094866
TI  - In utero immunization of calves against colisepticemia.
AB  - A total of 21 bovine fetuses was inoculated in utero with Escherichia coli
      antigen to determine if nonserotype-specific resistance to colisepticemia could
      be induced. (Seven of these fetuses were inoculated through the intact flank of
      the dam.) After birth, the calves were deprived of colostrum and challenge
      exposed to a serologically distinct E coli which killed nonvaccinated controls.
      Of 21 calves vaccinated as fetuses, 10 survived challenge exposure, 8 died of
      colisepticemia, and 3 were stillborn. Premature birth precluded an adequate
      period of vaccination in 6 of the calves that died of colisepticemia. A
      relationship was not observed between E coli serum antibody and survival after
      challenge exposure. The results indicate that in utero vaccination with a single
      serotype of E coli can result in heterogenetic protection against neonatal
      colisepticemia. However, the occurrence of stillbirth and premature birth in
      calves vaccinated in utero indicates  need for furthur research before field
      application of this technique.

PMID- 1094867
TI  - Propagation of Anaplasma marginale  in bovine lymph node cell culture.
AB  - Anaplasma marginale was propagated in cell cultures derived from bovine lymph
      node (LN). Treatment of host cells with diethylaminoethyl dextran (DEAE-D) before
      inoculation and centrifugation of inoculum onto the monolayers resulted in
      significant numerical increases of A marginale. The direct fluorescent antibody
      technique (FAT) was used for detection of the organism in culture. The rat was
      combined with the standard microscopic count procedure to obtain numerical
      estimates of the organism in cell culture. Infection of LN cells was irregular,
      with some cells containing many organisms and others containing none. The
      organisms were dispersed or in inclusions in the cytoplasm of LN cells. Numerical
      increases of organisms occurred within 6 hours and these were greatest at 12 to
      24 hours. After 24 hours, the organisms decreased rapidly, but small numbers of
      them were observed for at least 7 days. The average generation time in culture
      was approximately 17.1 hours.

PMID- 1094868
TI  - Instrumentation and techniques in physiological psychology.

PMID- 1094869
TI  - The computer as clinician.

PMID- 1094870
TI  - The use of on-line computer technology in a mental health admitting system.

PMID- 1094871
TI  - Frequency of isoproterenol hydrochloride-induced cardiac arrhythmia in 19
      patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective study.
AB  - The incidence of adrenergic-induced arrhythmias was studied in 19 patients with
      chronic obstructive lung disease uncomplicated by respiratory failure or cardiac
      desease. The effects of isoproterenol hydrochloride and a placebo were studied,
      using a randomized double blind technique and continuous monitoring of the
      cardiac rhythm. Two of the patients had episodes of arrhythmia associated only
      with nebulization of isoproterenol hydrochloride. Ten patients had no abnormality
      associated with isoproterenol hydrochloride or placebo nebulizations. In the
      remainder, episodes of arrhythmia occurred but could not be consistently
      correlated with placebo or drug nrbulizations. None of the patients was aware of
      any cardiac irregularity. A chi square analysis of the dataindicated no
      relationship between the isoproterenol nebulizations and cardiac arrhythmias. In
      our patients with uncomplicated chronic obstructive lung disease, nebulization of
      adrenergic bronchodilators seemed an infrequent cause of cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 1094872
TI  - Postnatal growth and development of the lung.
AB  - The lung is qualitatively different at birth, compared to adult life, in many
      species. In the neonatal period, the peripheral part of the acinus is formed by
      primary saccules, and it is from the walls of these that alveoli develop
      postnatally in rats, mice, and rabbits. Alveolar development starts in utero in
      man and probably in several other species, including sheep, cat, and, probably,
      mammals with relatively advanced physical development at birth. A sequence of
      events is well established in rats and mice in the postnatal period. A phase of
      expansion first occurs, during which lung growth lags behind the increase in body
      weight and lungs enlarge primarily by expansion, but new tissue is laid down in
      the saccular wall. This is succeeded by a phase of tissue proliferation during
      which the saccule is subdivided by numerous secondary crests that develop in the
      saccular wall and result in the formation of alveoli. During this stage, the rate
      of lung growth exceeds the rate of body growth and there is a rapid increase in
      alveolar surface area. Elastic tissue plays a key role in the development of
      alveoli, and elastic fibers lie in the free margins of the secondary crests and
      around the mouths of the alveoli. At approximately 2 weeks of age, the rate of
      cellular multiplication and formation of alveoli is markedly diminished and the
      lung grows mainly by cellular enlargement, dilatation, and modification of pre
      existing structures...

PMID- 1094873
TI  - Antibody to herpes-like virus in sarcoidosis.
AB  - Anti-hepes-like virus antibody titers in samples of serum drawn from 70
      consecutive patients at the time of diagnosis of sarcoidosis were compared with
      those found in control subjects without sarcoidosis or granulomatous disease,
      matched for age, sex, and race. Antibody was detected in all 70 sarcoid and
      control sera; in general, titers were higher for the sarcoid patient than for the
      matched control subject, but the difference in the geometric mean titer was only
      0.5 of a twofold dilution step. Only 21 (30 per cent) of the sarcoid and 8 (11
      per cent) of the control sera had titers greater than or equal to 1:600. The
      difference in the geometric mean titer between patient and control subject did
      not vary significantly with sex, race, or type of sarcoidosis. A second sample of
      serum was drawn from 45 of the 70 sarcoid patients after an interval varying from
      18 to 60 months. Among these 45 patients the titers were virtually unchanged: 39
      (87 per cent) had the same titer on the second occasion, 4 were higher by one
      dilution, and 2 were lower by one dilution. There was no correlation between the
      titer of the initial sample of serum and the progression, regression, or
      attainment of inactivity of the sarcoidosis. From this study we conclude that the
      elevated anti-herpes-like virus antibody titer found in patients with sarcoidosis
      are most likely to be related to the ability of these patients to show enhanced
      humoral antibody responses.

PMID- 1094874
TI  - Subdural hematoma in regularly hemodialyzed patients.
AB  - Thirteen of 394 (3.3%) regularly dialyzed patients of the Regional Kidney Disease
      Program developed subdural hematoma. The following factors contributed to
      formation of subdural hematoma: head trauma, ultrafiltration to control excessive
      accumulation of fluid and hypertension, anticoagulants, and frequent vascular
      access infection and clotting. Neurologic symptoms and signs, which may be
      similar to dialysis disequilibrium, aid only in signifying the presence, not the
      ultimate localization, of subdural hematoma. Our experience underscores the
      frequency of bilateral disease, irrespective of neurologic findings. Skull films,
      lumbar puncture, and electroencephalography were of little diagnostic help.
      Although valuable and safe, brain scanning was not as useful as desired due to
      occurrences of false-negative studies and failure to identify bilaterality of
      lesions. Cerebral angiography was always diagnostic. Surgical intervention
      yielded disappointing results, and only 2 patients (15%) survived. A review of 9
      other patient reports is included.

PMID- 1094875
TI  - D-penicillamine induced Goodpasture's syndrome in Wilson's disease.
AB  - Fatal pulmonary hemorrhages and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis occurred
      in three patients with Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration) who had
      been treated with penicillamine for 2 to 31/2 years. Light microscopic studies of
      the kidneys showed severe glomerulonephritis with crescent formation, and the
      lungs showed intraalveolar hemorrhages. Although the clinical and pathologic
      abnormalities were those of Goodpasture's syndrome, immunofluorescence
      microscopic studies in the one case tested showed an interrupted, rather than
      linear, fluorescence pattern.

PMID- 1094876
TI  - Letter: Pulmonary aspergillosis, inhalation of contaminated marijuana smoke,
      chronic granulomatous disease.

PMID- 1094877
TI  - The president, American College of Physicians, Robert G. Petersdorf, M.D.,
      F.A.C.P.

PMID- 1094879
TI  - Pulmonary function: relation to aging, cigarette habit, and mortality.
AB  - The relation of pulmonary function to aging and cigarette habits has been
      examined cross sectionally and longitudinally in the Framingham cohort. On cross
      sectional analysis, women were found to have lower forced vital capacity (FVC)
      and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV-1) values than men even after
      adjusting for height. Their FEV-1 percent was, on the other hand, higher than
      those of men. As the population aged over 10 years, their FVC and FEV-1 declined
      9% to 27% depending upon age and sex. The FEV-1 percent, however, showed a
      decline only in the older age groups. In a cross-sectional analysis, cigarette
      smoking showed an inverse association to FVC and FEV-1 percent. Longitudinally,
      cigarette smokers showed a more rapid decline in FVC in 10 years than nonsmokers.
      On giving up smoking their FVC became more like that of the nonsmokers. A
      striking relation of FVC to mortality was noted in both sexes, which is not
      accounted for by associated cigarette habits.

PMID- 1094878
TI  - Editorial: federal recognition of chiropractic: a double standard.

PMID- 1094880
TI  - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia: a cluster of eleven cases.
AB  - An unusual cluster of 11 patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia occurred in
      a 3-month period at Memorial Hospital, New York. Ten of the 11 patients had
      lymphoma or leukemia. In 7 patients, corticosteroid therapy was decreased or
      stopped shortly before pneumocystis pneumonia was diagnosed. The pediatric
      patients had extensive contact in the outpatient department, and three of them
      had roomed together, suggesting the possibility of man to man transmission. Tree
      of 4 adult patients with Hodgkin's disease and pneumocystis pneumonia had the
      same physician. This physician had an indirect immunofluorescent titer of 1:16,
      as did an infectious disease resident involved in the care of 6 patients. Three
      of 9 patients tested showed indirect immunofluorescent titers of 1:16 or above,
      with rising or falling titers on serial specimens. Although definitive evidence
      of communicability was not established, patients with suspected or proved
      pneumocystis pneumonia are now isolated in this hospital.

PMID- 1094881
TI  - Letter: Renal lesions in Wegener's granulomatosis.

PMID- 1094882
TI  - The clinical biochemistry of the human hepatocutaneous porphyrias in the light of
      recent studies of newly identified intermediates and porphyrin derivatives.

PMID- 1094883
TI  - Comparative aspects of porphyria in man and animals.

PMID- 1094884
TI  - Porphyrins and related compounds as photodynamic sensitizers.

PMID- 1094885
TI  - The enzymatic formation of bilirubin.

PMID- 1094886
TI  - Thermal and photochemical reactions of bilirubin IX-alpha.

PMID- 1094887
TI  - The later stages of porphyrin biosynthesis.

PMID- 1094888
TI  - Tumor localizers: porphyrins and related compounds (unusual metalloporphyrins
      XXIII).

PMID- 1094890
TI  - Presumed ocular chalcosis: a reversible maculopathy.

PMID- 1094889
TI  - The nature of "spots" on soft lenses.
AB  - Of 278 consecutive therapeutic soft lens wearers, 19 (6.8%) developed discrete
      lens opacities on the anterior (air) surface of the lens. The incidence rose to
      16.6% in patients fitted for dry eye syndromes, to 19% in bullous keratopathy and
      to 20% in exposure keratitis and trichiasis, if worn for longer than 2 weeks.
      These opacities were not associated with medications. Scanning electron
      microscopy demonstrated cracks on the anterior lens surface associated with these
      opacities. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the opacities to be
      amorphous material with extensions of the contact lens polymer into the substance
      of these opacities. Lipid, as demonstrated by histochemical methods, was found in
      these opacities. It is likely that the combination of dryness, stress on the lens
      surface, and lipid deposition act to alter the structure of the plastic and cause
      these opacities.

PMID- 1094891
TI  - Corneal endothelium of cryopreserved tissue in a variety of systemic diseases.

PMID- 1094892
TI  - Stay sutures to adjust strabismus surgery.

PMID- 1094893
TI  - Comparison of suturing techniques in keratoplasty for keratoconus.
AB  - The results of 48 consecutive penetrating keratoplasties for keratoconus were
      analyzed. The overall success rate was 93% clear grafts and there was no
      significant difference in the percentage of success, the amount of the spherical
      equivalent of the myopia, or the types of complications between the technique
      using 9-0 interrupted virgin silk sutures and 10-0 monofilament nylon running
      suture. The average astigmatic error was 25% less in the series employing the
      running suture.

PMID- 1094894
TI  - Fine structure of the lens epithelium.

PMID- 1094895
TI  - Corneal intrastromal cyst following lamellar keratoplasty.
AB  - A case is reported documenting formation of an intrastromal corneal cyst
      following lamellar keratoplasty. A patient with keratoglobus sustained trauma to
      the left eye. The trauma resulted in rupture of the cornea, which was repaired
      with an overlay conreal graft. Two and one-half years later, an intrastromal
      fluid-filled cyst of the cornea was found in the visual axis. Cytologic
      examination of the aspirated cyst fluid revealed epithelial cells.

PMID- 1094896
TI  - Prevention of corneal opacification in open sky vitrectomy: Part I. An in vitro
      study.
AB  - We tested the effects of various physiologic solutions with known osmotic
      pressures on maintenance of corneal transparency in vitro and compared them with
      the effects of other solutions that exert both oncotic and osmotic pressures.
      Normal saline solution, 5% glucose and normal saline solution, tissue culture
      199, and plasma were bathing solutions tested. Increases in hydration and
      endothelial cell damage for the various media were compared. We found that plasma
      preserved corneal dehydration and endothelial viability better than other
      physiologic solutions.

PMID- 1094897
TI  - [Enrichment of health and medical vocabularies].

PMID- 1094898
TI  - [Image formation in lung radiography].

PMID- 1094899
TI  - [Fronto-metaphyseal dysplasia].

PMID- 1094900
TI  - [Asystole followed by cardiogenic shock after intravenous injection of
      verapamil].

PMID- 1094901
TI  - [Reduction of auricular fibrillation by quinidine after failure of external
      electric shock].

PMID- 1094902
TI  - [Treatment of heart valve diseases].

PMID- 1094903
TI  - The neuropathology of diseases of the white matter.

PMID- 1094904
TI  - Review of calcium methodologies.
AB  - A review of calcium methodologies for serum has been described. The analytical
      systems developed over the past century have been classified as to type beginning
      with gravimetry and extending to isotope dilution-mass spectrometry by covering
      all of the commonly used technics which have evolved during that period.
      Screening and referee procedures are discussed along with comparative
      sensitivities encountered between atomic absorption spectrophotometry and
      molecular absorption spectrophotometry. A procedure involving a simple direct
      reaction for serum calcium using cresolphthalein complexone is recommended in
      which high blanks are minimized by repressing the ionization of the color reagent
      on lowering the dielectric constant characteristics of the mixture with
      dimethylsulfoxide. Reaction characteristics, errors which can be encountered,
      normal ranges and an interpretative resume are included in its discussion.

PMID- 1094905
TI  - A summary review of the diagnosis and pathology of the primary familial periodic
      paralyses.

PMID- 1094906
TI  - A fever of reason the early way.

PMID- 1094907
TI  - Pathways of carbon fixation in green plants.

PMID- 1094908
TI  - Superoxide dismutases.

PMID- 1094909
TI  - Structural analysis of macromolecular assemblies by image reconstruction from
      electron micrographs.

PMID- 1094910
TI  - Enzymatic repair of DNA.

PMID- 1094911
TI  - Bile acid metabolism.

PMID- 1094912
TI  - Genetic modification of membrane lipid.

PMID- 1094913
TI  - Chemotaxis in bacteria.

PMID- 1094914
TI  - Biological methylation: selected aspects.

PMID- 1094915
TI  - DNA replication.

PMID- 1094916
TI  - Intermediates in protein folding reactions and the mechanism of protein folding.

PMID- 1094917
TI  - Methods for the study of the conformation of small peptide hormones and
      antibiotics in solution.

PMID- 1094918
TI  - Virus assembly.

PMID- 1094919
TI  - Eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerases.

PMID- 1094920
TI  - Complement.

PMID- 1094921
TI  - Chromosomal proteins and chromatin structure.

PMID- 1094922
TI  - Post-translational cleavage of polypeptide chains: role in assembly.

PMID- 1094923
TI  - Chemical carcinogenesis.

PMID- 1094924
TI  - Amino acid metabolism in man.

PMID- 1094925
TI  - Biological rhythms and animal behavior.

PMID- 1094926
TI  - Hypnosis.

PMID- 1094927
TI  - Auditory psychophysics.

PMID- 1094928
TI  - Electrophysiology and behavior.

PMID- 1094929
TI  - Perception.

PMID- 1094930
TI  - Personality.

PMID- 1094931
TI  - Drug use and abuse.

PMID- 1094932
TI  - Primary prevention.

PMID- 1094933
TI  - Assessment or schizophrenia.

PMID- 1094934
TI  - Biometric approach to psychopathology: abnormal and clinical psychology
      statistical, epidemiological, and diagnostic approaches.

PMID- 1094935
TI  - Adult development and aging.

PMID- 1094936
TI  - [Physicochemical properties of some antibiotics].
AB  - Some physico-chemical properties of 3 antibiotics, i.e. kanamycin, neomycin and
      monomycin dried in the evaporating-drying apparatus IDA-ITE-6 constructed at the
      Institute of Technical Thermophysics of the UkSSR Academy of Sciences were
      studied. The properties of their 6 and 18 percent solutions and sorption
      properties of the antibiotic powders were described. It was found that the
      properties of the 3 antibiotics were close.

PMID- 1094937
TI  - [Caffeine as an inhibitor of the conjugation transfer of R-factors. A study of
      certain aspects of the mechanism of action of caffeine on the conjugation
      transfer of R-factors].
AB  - Some aspects of the inhibitory effect of caffeine on conjugation transfer of R
      factors described by the authors earlier were studied. The effect of the above
      substance on the donor and recipient competence was tested in experiments with
      cultivation of the parent strains for 18 hours in the presence of caffeine. For
      this purpose the effect of caffeine on reduction of the donor and recipient cell
      competence after starvation in a physiological solution was investigated. It was
      shown that caffeine markedly decreased the donor competence of strain 15-3Mdrd of
      E. coli in the experiments of both types. Caffeine also inhibited reduction of
      the recipient competence of strain C600 of E. coli after starvation without its
      changing on 18-hour treatment. For the study of the caffeine effect on formation
      of the conjugation pairs experiments were carried out with dilution of the
      conjugation mixture after definite intervals which practically stopped formation
      of new conjugation pairs and eliminated further effect of caffeine on
      conjugation. Under such conditions transfer of R-factors may occur in the
      conjugation pairs after elimination of caffeine by dilution, if they were formed
      in the presence of caffeine before the mixture dilution. The experiments showed
      that caffeine inhibited not the formation of the conjugation pairs but the
      genetic transfer of R-factors. In addition, it was found that the substance
      insignificantly inhibited the process of phenotypic manifestation of the
      resistance markers. Inhibition of conjugation R-transfer by caffeine was
      associated with its eliminating effect, since the concentrations used did not
      induce elimination of the resistance markers in R+ strains.

PMID- 1094938
TI  - [Level of "internal" resistance of E. coli cultures to benyzlpenicillin].
AB  - Interaction of benzylpenicillin inactivation by beta-lactamase and the growth of
      E. coli in the presence of various antibiotic concentrations was studied. It was
      found that penicillin inactivation began immediately after addition of the
      culture to the medium in spite of the fact that the number of the viable cells at
      that time decreased. The culture began to multiply only when benzylpenicillin
      concentration in the medium lowered up to a definite level (6-7 gamma/ml). Such a
      concentration must determine the level of the "inner" culture resistance to
      benzylpenicillin, not connected with the beta-lactamase effect. Moreover, the
      "inner" resistance proved to be the same for the cultures of E. coli, markedly
      differing by the amounts of beta-lactamase produced and the resistance levels to
      benzylpenicillin. Therefore, the routine method for determination of the "inner"
      resistance of the beta-lactamase-producing cultures to penicillins, using low
      innoculation doses produced higher results as compared to the real "inner"
      resistance. Significant differences observed between the values of the "inner"
      resistance (6-7 gamma/ml) and the MIC of benzylpenicillin at high innoculation
      doses with respect to E. coli 2 (129 gamma/ml) and E. coli 82 (15000 gamma/ml)
      may probably be explained by destruction of the drug by beta-lactamase.

PMID- 1094939
TI  - [Intrauterine sensitization to benzylpenicillin in an experiment on rabbits].
AB  - Antibodies of benzylpenicillin in the posterity of various ages of female rabbits
      were found with reaction of passive hemagglutination (RPHA) and degranulation of
      the basophiles after their immunization with the antibiotic. This provided an
      assumption of intrauterine sensitization. Treatment of the sera of the sensitized
      animals with 2-mercaptoethanol partially decreased their activity in the RPHA
      which indicated to the presence of the antibodies of classes IgG and IgM.

PMID- 1094940
TI  - [Theoretically probable assessment of the effectiveness of individualized
      combined antibiotic therapy of patients with suppurative inflammatory processes].
AB  - Efficiency of individual combined antibiotic therapy of patients was estimated in
      comparison to the use of single antibiotics of their fixed combinations without
      any special control group. Since the essence of the study was practically in
      successive appliance of the 2 methods of therapy to the same group of the
      patients, it was possible to carry out theoretically probable estimation of the
      final result as a summation effect of both methods and to define the probable
      result of the 2 nd method. The study of the results of the treatment of the
      patients with purulent-inflammatory processes showed significant advantages of
      the individual combined antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 1094941
TI  - [In memoriam Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermol'eva].

PMID- 1094942
TI  - Effect of enrichment procedure upon auxotroph recovery in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Proline-requiring auxotrophs are recovered preferentially after mutant enrichment
      procedures (e.g., penicillin) which perturb the cell envelope, but not after
      procedures (e.g., thymineless death) which affect other cellular targets. This
      probably stems from effects of penicillin and similar antibiotics upon proline
      metabolic and transport enzymes associated with the cell envelope.

PMID- 1094943
TI  - Selective inhibition of growth by the proline analogue thiazolidine-4-carboxylic
      acid and its probable mode of action in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed differential growth inhibition when
      cultured on various carbon sources in the presence of the proline analogue
      thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TZ). On 0.5% yeast extract, 2% glucose and TZ (10
      mg/ml) medium, growth lags from 8 to 10 h were observed, after which cells
      recovered and growth proceeded normally. Growth was totally inhibited on a medium
      of 0.5% yeast extract, 3% ethanol, and 5 mg of TZ per ml. This inhibition was not
      due to the inability of cells to undergo aerobic respiration, since similar media
      containing glycerol instead of ethanol allowed growth. Proline added to the
      culture medium reversed the lag on glucose and TZ medium but did not promote
      recovery on ethanol and TZ medium. TZ was found to have two probable modes of
      action in yeast. It was a noncompetitive inhibitor of yeast alcohol
      dehydrogenase, and it was also found to be incorporated into cellular protein.
      Uptake studies using (14)C-labeled TZ showed that the recovery on glucose was
      correlated with the progressive exclusion of the analogue from cells.

PMID- 1094944
TI  - Effect of lincomycin and clindamycin on peptide chain initiation.
AB  - Lincomycin does not affect initiation factor-dependent formation of 70S
      initiation complexes formed with fmet-tRNA(F), the initiation triplet A-U-G, and
      70S ribosomes, whereas its 7-chloro-derivative clindamycin substantially
      stimulates this process. Conversely, lincomycin stimulates nonenzymatic formation
      of the 70S complex, but clindamycin does not. Both antibiotics stimulate the
      assembly of non-enzymatically formed 70S initiation complexes with R(17) phage
      ribonucleic acid and exert little effect on those formed in the presence of
      initiation factors. The formation of 30S initiation complexes is stimulated or
      remains unaffected by lincomycin or clindamycin except when initiation occurs in
      the presence of very low Mg(2+) concentrations. In this case, both antibiotics
      inhibit the assembly of the 30S complexes regardless of the messenger present.

PMID- 1094945
TI  - Comparative effect of tetracycline and doxycycline on the occurrence of resistant
      Escherichia coli in the fecal flora.
AB  - Antibiotic-induced changes in the fecal microflora after oral administration of
      tetracycline hydrochloride and doxycycline for 8 to 10 days were compared. A
      significant difference was noted in the concentrations of Escherichia coli
      resistant to tetracyclines. With tetracycline hydrochloride, there was a mean
      increase of approximately 10(4) resistant strains per g compared to only 10(1)/g
      for doxycycline. This difference is ascribed to reduced intestinal concentrations
      of bioactive drug with recommended oral dosage for doxycycline.

PMID- 1094947
TI  - Nystatin-induced changes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Nystatin (5 to 10 mug/ml) was fungicidal to Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 361.
      There was an initial rapid uptake of nystatin by the yeast cells at 30 C, the
      uptake being pH dependent, with a maximum at low pH values (3 to 4).
      Photomicrographs indicated that nystatin-treated cells became granular. The
      effect of growth temperature on the subsequent sensitivity of the yeast cells to
      nystatin was investigated. Cells grown at 20 C were the most susceptible to all
      concentrations of nystatin tested; as the pretreatment growth temperature
      increased, the subsequent uptake of antibiotic by such cells decreased both in
      intensity and in overall extent, the most marked difference occurring between 20
      and 25 C grown cells. Leakage of K(+) and the optical density of suspensions
      treated with nystatin were similarly affected by growth temperature. Differences
      in the electrophoretic mobilities of cells grown at different temperatures were
      also observed. The total ergosterol content of 20 C grown cells was markedly
      higher than that of 40 C grown cells, with 30 C grown cells having an
      intermediate value.

PMID- 1094946
TI  - Relationship between polyene resistance and sterol compositions in Cryptococcus
      neoformans.
AB  - Six mutants of Cryptococcus neoformans resistant to nystatin and pimaricin and
      three mutants resistant to amphotericin B were isolated by ultraviolet
      irradiation techniques from two wild-type strains. The major sterols of the wild
      type strains were Delta(7)-ergosten-3beta-ol and ergosterol. All six mutants
      resistant to nystatin and pimaricin showed either loss of ergosterol and
      concurrent production of Delta(7, 22)-ergostadien-3beta-ol and Delta(7)-ergosten
      3beta-ol, or loss of both the wild-type sterols, with production of Delta(8(9))
      ergosten-3beta-ol and Delta(5, 8(9), 22)-ergostatrien-3beta-ol. The mutants
      producing Delta(7, 22)-ergostadien-3beta-ol and Delta(7)-ergosten-3beta-ol showed
      relatively low levels of resistance to nystatin and pimaricin, whereas the
      mutants producing Delta(8(9))-ergosten-3beta-ol and Delta(5, 8(0), 22)
      ergostatrien-3beta-ol showed a high level of resistance to either drug. Although
      highly resistant to amphotericin B, however, the three mutants produced sterol
      compositions identical to those of the wild types, indicating that the strains
      acquired resistance other than by alteration of the membrane sterols. The mutants
      producing Delta(8(9)) and Delta(5, 8(9), 22) sterols were not virulent for mice,
      showed reduced growth rates at 25 C, and failed to grow at 37 C. The other
      mutants showed a slightly reduced rate of growth both at 25 and 37 C, and the
      virulence in mice was slightly reduced in comparison with that of the wild types.
      These comparisons were on gross observations and were not statistically analyzed.

PMID- 1094948
TI  - Bacteriological studies with morphine-like narcotics: relevance to narcotic
      actions in mammals?
AB  - A search for active bacterial growth inhibitors among seven highly potent
      morphine-like narcotics revealed that NIH 7591 and etorphine inhibited the rates
      of growth of Escherichia coli by 50% at 1.9 x 10(-4) M. Bacterial cultures
      escaped from growth inhibition by NIH 7591 after times which were proportional to
      the drug concentrations and inversely proportional to the initial bacterial
      densities. Populations of E. coli could adapt to resist and cross-resist growth
      inhibitions by NIH 7591 and phenazocine. Resistance was lost after growth in drug
      free medium for a few doubling times. The agonist-antagonist pair, etorphine and
      diprenorphine, inhibited growth of E. coli additively without any indication of
      antagonism. Actions of narcotics in bacteria is considered a theme in its own
      right.

PMID- 1094949
TI  - Cinoxacin: in vitro antibacterial studies of a new synthetic organic acid.
AB  - Cinoxacin (compound 64716) is a synthetic organic acid with antibacterial
      activity against most aerobic gram-negative bacilli. Minimal inhibitory
      concentrations of cinoxacin (agar-dilution method) were determined for 419
      strains. Escherichia coli was the most susceptible group of organisms. The
      majority of Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Proteus sp., and Serratia
      marcescens were inhibited by 8 mug of cinoxacin per ml. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
      and all gram-positive isolates tested were resistant to 64 mug or less of
      cinoxacin per ml. Zones of inhibition using a 30-mug disk correlated well with
      agar-dilution minimal inhibitory concentrations (r = -0.9). Cinoxacin was
      bactericidal when tested with inocula of 5 x 10(6) organisms per ml. Resistance
      to cinoxacin was readily developed in all three strains tested by serial passage
      on drug-containing agar. The in vitro properties of this agent were similar to
      those of nalidixic acid.

PMID- 1094950
TI  - Comparative effects of amoxycillin and ampicillin in the treatment of
      experimental mouse infections.
AB  - Amoxycillin was significantly more active than ampicillin in the treatment of
      intraperitoneal mouse infections when administered by oral and parenteral routes,
      although the causal bacteria were equally susceptible in vitro to the two
      penicillins. Amoxycillin produced higher antibiotic blood concentrations in mice
      than ampicillin after oral administration, and this was a possible explanation
      for the superior oral activity of amoxycillin. In contrast, antibiotic blood
      concentrations were the same for both compounds after subcutaneous injection, but
      it was demonstrated that amoxycillin was more effective than ampicillin by this
      route in reducing bacterial counts in the peritoneal cavity and in the blood of
      mice infected with Escherichia coli. Amoxycillin was also significantly more
      active than ampicillin in the treatment of infection by intraperitoneal dosing as
      a result of greater bactericidal activity in infected mice together with the
      production of higher antibiotic blood levels. The results of these studies on the
      effects of parental treatment of experimental infections with the two penicillins
      show that the superior chemotherapeutic activity of amoxycillin was associated
      with the greater bactericidal activity of amoxycillin in vivo and with
      differences in the distribution of the two penicillins in the infected animal.

PMID- 1094951
TI  - Antibiogram and lipid analysis of a pigmented strain of Serratia marcescens and
      its nonpigmented variants.
AB  - Antibiograms and lipid analyses of Serratia marcescens pigmented strain 08 and
      its nonpigmented variants are compared. The overall lack of significant
      differences between pigmented and nonpigmented strains suggests that the role of
      pigment formation may not be related to antibiotic susceptibility.

PMID- 1094952
TI  - Streptomycin dependence in Escherichia coli: effects of antibiotic deprivation on
      ribosomes.
AB  - The inhibition of cell division and the ultimate loss of viability after removal
      of streptomycin from growing cultures of streptomycin-dependent bacteria are not
      the result of "unbalanced growth" or of the breakdown of ribosomes. The
      streptomycin-dependent strain of Escherichia coli K-12 studied continued to
      synthesize ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein during streptomycin starvation.
      There was no evidence of a gross imbalance in the ratio of RNA to protein
      synthesized or of selective degradation of either protein or RNA. Using the
      sedimentation of subunits in sucrose as the criterion, normal ribosomes were
      synthesized even after 18 h of streptomycin deprivation, although the rates of
      appearance of mature 30S and 50S subunits decreased with time of deprivation.
      Once formed, these ribosomes appeared stable, as did those synthesized before the
      onset of starvation. Ribosomes isolated from starved dependent cells were as
      "functional" as ribosomes from cells grown with streptomycin in their capacity to
      bind aminoacyl-transfer RNA in response to polyuridylic acid or natural messenger
      RNA to interconvert between active and inactive transfer RNA binding states, and
      to synthesize proteins in cell-free systems. The effects are consistent with an
      impaired rate of synthesis of ribosomal components or assembly of ribosomes
      resulting in a continually diminishing rate of protein synthesis. The effect on
      cell division may be the result of a decreased rate of protein synthesis in
      general and the requirement for a specific protein(s) in particular.

PMID- 1094953
TI  - Purification and properties of thymidine phosphorylase from Salmonella
      typhimurium.

PMID- 1094954
TI  - Covalent structural analysis of yeast inorganicpyrophoshatase. Location of groups
      implicated in the catalytic function: Placementof the NH2-Terminal 100 residues
      in the subunit.

PMID- 1094955
TI  - Evidence that arginyl-adenylate is not an intermediate in the orginyl-trna
      synthetase reaction.

PMID- 1094956
TI  - The histones of rat testis.

PMID- 1094957
TI  - Affinity purification methods. Nonspecific adsorption of proteins due to ionic
      groups in cyanogen bromide treated agarose.

PMID- 1094958
TI  - Immunologic studies in patients with sarcoidosis and cryptococcosis.
AB  - Immunologic studies were performed in two patients with sarcoidosis, who
      developed cryptococcosis. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte function, complement, and
      serum antibodies were normal. Both patients had depressed cell-mediated immunity
      (cmi) to Cryptococcus neoformans and other antigens that persisted after therapy
      for their infection. These findings suggest that the patients' impaired CMI
      predisposed them to cryptococcal infection, which complicated their sarcoidosis.
      Evaluation of sarcoidosis cases should include studies of immune function, and
      the possibility of a secondary infection should be considered in patients with
      long-standing sarcoidosis, who develop unexpected changes in their clinical
      status.

PMID- 1094959
TI  - Microcytotoxicity and serum blocking factors in malignant melanoma and halo
      nevus.
AB  - Microcytotoxicity assays of patients with malignant melanoma and halo nevi were
      performed. No good correlation could be found between percent cell inhibition and
      histopathological level of melanoma or the clinical staging. The percent cell
      inhibition was usually an index of response to vaccinia virus immunotherapy.
      Actively regressing halo nevi showed high levels of percent cell inhibition,
      whereas inactive halo nevi had low levels of percent cell inhibition and blocking
      factor. Immunologic reactivity to melanoma cells may be a common feature of
      melanoma and halo nevus.

PMID- 1094960
TI  - Double-blind comparison of halcinonide and betamethasone valerate. Use with
      occlusive dressings in psoriasis treatment.
AB  - In a double-blind, paired-comparison study of the effectiveness of corticosteroid
      creams used under occlusion for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis, a
      new drug, halcinonide cream, was superior to betamethasone valerate cream, a
      steroid widely and effectively used for the treatment of psoriasis. This
      superiority was demonstrated in patients after both one and two weeks of
      treatment.

PMID- 1094961
TI  - Cat-scratch disease skin test. Studies of specificity and histopathologic
      features.
AB  - Microscopical examination of biopsy specimens from cat-scratch skin test sites,
      performed in patients with cat-scratch disease (CSD), sarcoidosis, tuberculosis,
      and other granulomatous diseases, showed noncaseating granulomatous dermal
      inflammation in 11 of 12 patients with CSD and in some patients with sarcoidosis
      or tuberculosis. Biopsy of cat-scratch skin test sites may be a useful ancillary
      procedure in diagnosing CSD if other granulomatous diseases are excluded.

PMID- 1094962
TI  - Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid.
AB  - The potential hazards of repeated topical application of salicylic acid under
      occlusion to large areas of the body was evaluated by measuring the percutaneous
      absorption and serum salicylate concentrations in four patients with active
      psoriasis. Serum salicylate concentrations never exceeded 5 mg/100 ml in any of
      the patients, and although greater than 60 percent of the salicylic acid applied
      was absorbed, no evidence of accumulation or toxicity was observed. This form of
      treatment appears to present little potential hazard even in patients with
      extensive skin disease. Therapy could be hazardous for patients with impaired
      hepatic or renal function or for smaller children. The urinary excretory products
      of salicylate metabolism were compared following topical and intravenous
      salicylate administration to determine if the skin plays any part in the
      biotransformation of salicylate during percutaneous absorption. Our data are too
      limited and inconclusive to answer this question.

PMID- 1094963
TI  - Identification of foreign material in lung by energy dispersive x-ray analysis. A
      new approach to silicosis.
AB  - Conventional methods for the detection of foreign material in the lungs are not
      only difficult but make it impossible to study any relationship  between the
      material and the surrounding tissue. The present study employs energy dispersive
      x-ray analysis and scanning electron microscopy as the basis of a rapid and
      accurate method for determining the amount of silicon in the lungs of normal
      subjects and subjects with silicosis. A statistical evaluation of the data
      suggests that a silicon/sulfur ratio below 0.2 may be considered normal, whereas,
      a ratio above 0.3 may be considered to indicate silicosis.

PMID- 1094964
TI  - MIF production of lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis with
      antigen-antibody complexes.
AB  - Immune complexes, human erythrocytes coated with human IgG antibody, inhibit the
      migration of lymphocytes from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. No correlation
      could be observed between migration inhibition and Waaler-Rose titre (sheep cell
      agglutination titre) in inidvidual patients. Production of migration inhibitory
      factor (MIF) could be detected in 16 of 20 cultures of RA lymphocytes incubated
      with antigen-antibody complexes, when the supernates were tested with guinea pig
      macrophages. Only two supernates of healthy persons showed migration inhibition
      activity under these conditions. The results suggest that migration inhibition by
      antigen antibody complexes in RA represents a true reaction of delayed
      hypersensitivity.

PMID- 1094965
TI  - Feprazone, a new anti-inflammatory agent. Studies of potency and gastrointestinal
      tolerance.
AB  - Two studies are reported; a double-blind cross-over trial of feprazone 600 mg
      daily and aspirin 3.6 g daily in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, and an
      uncontrolled open study of gastrointestinal tolerance in twenty rheumatoid
      arthritis patients with known intolerance to other drugs. The first study showed
      that feprazone was significantly superior to aspirin in all the parameters
      tested. In the second study all twenty patients showed an improvement of their
      gastrointestinal symptoms, nineteen reporting no symptoms at all when taking the
      new preparation.

PMID- 1094966
TI  - Proceedings: A simple immunofluorescence method for differentiation of ANF
      between RA and healthy persons and SLE and scleroderma patients.

PMID- 1094967
TI  - Closure of colostomy.
AB  - We analyzed the records of 77 cases of loop colostomy closure in Vietnam War
      Casualties. All records were complete from the date of injury to discharge
      following colostomy closure. Simple of the loop colostomy was performed in 44
      patients and resection of the stoma and reanastomosis of bowel segments was
      performed in 33 patients. Average operating time for simple closure of the loop
      was 70 minutes compared to 115 minutes for resection and anastomosis. Nasogastric
      suction was used less frequently and for a shorter time with simple loop closure.
      The total postoperative complication rate was 9% with simple loop closure as
      compared to 24% for resection and anastomosis. Simple closure of the loop
      described in this report is technically easier and as safe as resection of the
      stoma and reanastomosis.

PMID- 1094968
TI  - Lung thermal volume in pulmonary edema: effect of positive end expiratory
      pressure.
AB  - Effects of intermittent (IPPB) and positive eng-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
      ventilation on accumulation of pulmonary edema were compared, in dogs, after
      infusion of oleic acid. Pulmonary extravascular water was approximated as lung
      thermal volume (LTV), a double indicator method based on differential transit
      time for simultaneously injected right-to-left conductivity and thermal pulses.
      LTV was found to be decreased in animals treated with PEEP. The possibility that
      observed LTV changes reflect only the effect of PEEP on flow distribution, not
      lung water, was examined by alternating PEEP  and IPPB; short-term changes in LTV
      did not occur. Mean values of other factors influencing pulmonary water transfer,
      e.g., pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, serum protein, arterial blood gasses,
      were not significantly different with or without PEEP. It was concluded that, for
      the oleic acid lesion, PEEP effects a small reduction in the rate of accumulation
      of pulmonary edema.

PMID- 1094969
TI  - Quantitative bacterial analysis of comparative wound irrigations.
AB  - It is a biologic fact that all open wounds contain bacteria and remain
      contaminated with varying levels of bacteria until successful wound closure has
      been accomplished. The sine qua non in the management of the contaminated wound
      has been and remains adequate sharp debridement. In a standardized experimental
      model, three methods of irrigation were compared employing quantitative
      bacteriology of tissue to evaluate their effectiveness at decreasing bacterial
      levels and reducing wound infection. The pulsating jet lavate was found to be
      significantly better than gravity flow irrigation or wound irrigation with a bulb
      syringe. These data on tissue biopsies support previous reports using surface and
      wound exudate cultures.

PMID- 1094970
TI  - Choice of abdominal operative incision in the obese patient: a study using blood
      gas measurements.
AB  - Although many factors may influence the choice of the operative incision,
      physiologic safety in  terms of the degree of postoperative hypoxemia should be
      considered. No data currently exist to delineate in markedly obese patients the
      effect of the operative incision on the extent or duration of this hypoxemia.
      Fifty-four consecutive patients of both sexes, scheduled for elective jejunoileal
      bypass for morbid exogenous obesity, were studied. In 23 patients the operation
      was performed through a transverse incision and in 25 patients through a vertical
      incision. In 6 patients, cholecystectomy was also performed in addition to the
      jejunoileal bypass. Postoperatively there was a significant fall in PAO2 both in
      the transverse and vertical incision groups and this continued through day 4. On
      day 5 statistically significant hypoxemia was present only in the vertical
      incision group. In addition, the decrease in PaO2 was significantly greater on
      days 4 and 5 in the vertical group than in the transverse group. On days 2 and 3
      again the mean decrease in PaO2 was greater in the vertical group but this was
      not statistically significant. The effect of added cholecystectomy on PaO2 was
      studied in 6 women with midline incisions. The results were compared with 6
      subjects who had small bowel bypass without cholecystectomy and who were matched
      for incision, age weight, girth/height ratio, weight/height ratio, smoking habit,
      and percentage of predicted ERV. In both groups there was a significant fall of
      PAO2 from day 1 through day 4, but there was no significant difference between
      the two groups. Although the numbers studied were small, these limited results
      would suggest that the type of incesion rather than the intraoperative procedure
      is the important factor in determining postoperative PAO2 changes. These studies
      also suggest that in patients with an increased potential for postoperative
      hypoxemia (i.e., markedly obese), the transverse abdominal approach shoudl always
      be seriously considered.

PMID- 1094971
TI  - The hepatorenal syndrome: recovery after portacaval shunt.
AB  - Reversal of the morbid hepato-renal syndrome has been achieved in a cirrhotic
      patient with ascites following successful side-to-side portacaval shunt. The
      hepatorenal syndrome is defined as progressive unresponsive renal failure with
      previously normal kidneys in the presence of impaired hepatic function. Although
      the etiologic mechanism has not been defined, it is suggested the relationship of
      increased intrahepatic sinusoidal pressure on the thoracic duct and subsequent
      decreased lymph flow are interrelated to increased levels of aldosterone and
      manifested by (chylous) ascites. Laboratory and clinical evidence suggest that
      cirrhotics with ascites have remarkably high levels of aldosterone secretion via
      the rennin-angiotensin-adrenal cortex mechanism. This is the group that develops
      hepatorenal syndrome. Reduction of the intrahepatic pressure and decompression of
      the portal hypertension can be successfully achieved with a side-to-side shunt
      which should return the aldosterone-rennin-angiotensin axis to normal and
      subsequently reverse the hepatorenal syndrome.

PMID- 1094972
TI  - Strike-through of moist contamination by woven and nonwoven surgical materials.
AB  - A test is described which correlates the stress of stretching surgical gown and
      drape material with moist bacterial strike-through. By application of this test
      to a number of woven and nonwoven surgical gown and drape materials, it was found
      that not all of these materials, either woven or nonwoven, are impermeable to
      moist contamination for equal periods of time. Nonwoven disposable materials now
      in use range from those which remain impermeable to moist bacterial permeation
      through all tests while some remain impermeable for limited periods of time, and
      others almost immediately permeable to moist bacterial penetration. The same
      situation holds for woven materials. Under conditions of our test, Quarpel
      treated Pima tight-woven cotton cloth was impermeable to moist bacterial strike
      through, through up to 75 washing and sterilizing cyclings, while ordinary linen
      and untreated Pima cloth permitted bacterial permeation almost immediately. These
      results have significance in lengthy wet surgical operations.

PMID- 1094973
TI  - A universally applicable continuous suture technique for insertion of aortic
      valve prostheses.
AB  - In a series of 55 consecutive patients with both single- and multiple-valve
      disease and aortic aneurysm, the aortic valve was replaced using a continuous
      suture technique. The technique is applicable for both ball- and disc-valve
      prostheses. This method resulted in a marked reduction in cardiopulmonary bypass
      time with a very low incidence of perivalvular leak. It has major advantages over
      other continuous and interrupted suture techniques.

PMID- 1094974
TI  - Single-stitch fixation of coronary artery perfusion cannulas.

PMID- 1094975
TI  - [Research on the effectiveness of gynecological prescreening (author's transl)].
AB  - Malignant tumors are determined by abnormal values of DNA as well as in its
      precursors. The cytophotometric analysis of smears allowed the determination of
      DNA of higher number of cells and therefore was presented as prescreening. But
      higher amounts of DNA caused by colpitis was reached too in this case. Therefore
      the presented research tried to limit points of malignancy by determination
      ofDNA, RNA, Histones, and Heterochromatin of cytologically classified cells. The
      discussion of results with literature pointed out, that this object is only
      reaching today by simultaneous determination of DNA and Heterochromatin of
      selected "atypical" cells.

PMID- 1094976
TI  - [Group B-streptococci in the female genitals (author's transl)].
AB  - Swabs taken from the vagina, cervix and urethra of 152 women without any clinical
      signs of infection were studied for the presence of group B streptococci. 36.8%
      of these women were found to have group B streptococci in their genital tract.
      Isolation of streptococci took place by way of enrichment and selective
      culturing, determination of biochemical criteria as well as serological grouping
      and typing. Streptococci of human or animal origin which may be identified by
      precipitating group B antiserum were found to be identical. There were no
      criteria for a differentiation between human and animal (bovine) group B strains.
      Epidemiological associations between human infections and the consumption of raw
      milk containing galt streptococci have never been confirmed. Group B streptococci
      are present indepently in animals and humans. In humans, they may be present as
      saprophytes in the throat and female genitals and also cause severe disease like
      endocarditis and meningitis. There is no proof of the etiologic role as an agent
      of zooanthroponoses.

PMID- 1094978
TI  - [Medical art in the Greek literature during the Attic period].

PMID- 1094977
TI  - [The cause of Barbara Radziwill's death].

PMID- 1094979
TI  - [Historical outline of treatment of mentally retarded children in Poland].

PMID- 1094980
TI  - [Psychiatric publications in the collection of the Szyczyrzyce Library].

PMID- 1094981
TI  - [Contribution to the history of the Lublin Medical Academy].

PMID- 1094982
TI  - [Views of 18th cent. physicians on drugs].

PMID- 1094984
TI  - [History of Medicine Museum in Helsinki].

PMID- 1094983
TI  - [Museum and archives of Polish phthisiology].

PMID- 1094986
TI  - [Chemistry in medicine].

PMID- 1094985
TI  - [A forgotten controversy concerning variola vaccination in Warsaw].

PMID- 1094987
TI  - [In memory of Jan Adam Kulmus].

PMID- 1094988
TI  - [Jan Jonston from Szamotuly].

PMID- 1094989
TI  - [Marceli Nencki in Petersburg in the years 1891-1901].

PMID- 1094990
TI  - [Benedykt Dybowski--a physician in Siberia].

PMID- 1094991
TI  - The centennial of the American Neurological Association.

PMID- 1094992
TI  - Amino acid residues of serum and CSF protein in multiple sclerosis. Clinical
      application of statistical discriminant analysis.
AB  - Statistical discriminant analysis of the amino acid compostion of serum and
      cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins provides an objective method for
      distinguishing between normal controls and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
      This method also results in a high degree of specificity in separating MS
      patients from those with other diseases of the nervous system. The CSF protein
      serine residue is highly correlated with the CSF IgG and holds promise for a more
      sensitive diagnostic test for MS than the currently used CSF IgG. Finally, the
      serum/CSF protein serine ratio seems to correlate best with clinically determined
      degree of activity for the disease, the most active cases having the lowest
      ratio. These results suggest that investigation of the amino acid composition of
      serum and CSF protein in multiple sclerosis and, possibly, in other diseases
      might lead to the development of clinically useful tests of diagnosis and degree
      of activity of MS.

PMID- 1094993
TI  - Acquired toxoplasmosis. A neglected cause of treatable nervous system disease.
AB  - The neurological manifestations of six cases of acquired central nervous system
      toxoplasmosis are compared with the 39 well-documented cases from the literature.
      Half of the patients had underlying systemic diseases (18 malignant neoplasms,
      two renal transplants, three collagen vascular diseases) treated with intensive
      immunosuppressive therapy. The remainder had primary toxoplasmosis. Three major
      neurological patterns were seen: (1) diffuse encephalopathy with or without
      seizures, (2) meningoencephalitis, and (3) singular or multiple progressive mass
      lesions. Routine neurological diagnostic studies were not helpful. The Sabin
      Feldman dye test or IgM indirect fluorescent antibody test or both were effective
      in confirming the diagnosis. Twenty-seven patients died without a clinical
      diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. The diagnosis was made terminally in four additional
      patients. Thirteen of fourteen patients who received a full course of
      sulfadiazine or pyrimethamine or both did well. Toxoplasmosis should be
      considered in the immunosuppressed patient who appears with neurological
      involvement.

PMID- 1094994
TI  - Chloramphenicol in aqueous humor after topical application.
AB  - Chloramphenicol 0.5% ophthalmic solution was applied topically to patients at
      various times before cataract surgery. The aqueous humor was obtained at the time
      of surgery and analyzed for chloramphenicol content by thin-layer chromatography.
      Aqueous humor chloramphenicol levels ranged from 3.5mn-g/ml to 6.7mn-g/ml at the
      initial sampling period one to two hours following topical administration.
      Chloramphenicol was measurable in samples for up to five hours following
      administration. The compound measured in the aqueous humor samples was chemically
      identified as intact chloramphenicol, and no metabolites of chloramphenicol were
      shown.

PMID- 1094995
TI  - Antigenicity of cryopreserved corneas.
AB  - The antigenicity of fresh and cryopreserved corneal tissue was analyzed by
      performing 5-mm interlamellar xenografts in albino rabbits using dog corneas as
      the donor tissue. The cryopreservative solutions contained 10% rabbit albumin,
      dimethyl sulfoxide, and sucrose. Fifty-nine rabbits received interlamellar
      xenografts using donor tissue prepared by one of the three following methods: (1)
      fresh, (2) cryopreserved, and (3) immersed in the cryopreservative solutions, but
      not frozen. Approximately one third of the grafts became cloudy within six weeks,
      and no statistically significant difference was noted clinically or
      histologically between the three preparations of donor tissue used. The results
      indicate that cryopreservation has no significant effect on the antigenicity of
      corneal tissue as exemplified by the interlamellar xenograft reaction in rabbits.

PMID- 1094996
TI  - An automatic objective optometer. Description and clinical evaluation.
AB  - Automatic objective optometers provide a possible alternative to conventional
      clinical methods of refracting the human eye. Quantitative evaluation of one of
      these instruments (Dioptron), including a comparison between optometer and
      subjective refractions, was undertaken to determine how automatic optometers may
      be utilized most effectively in clinical situations. The results show a high
      degree of instrument validity and reliability. The conclusion is that the
      Dioptron has substantial promise as a means of estimating ametropia-as a
      replacement for retinoscopy and for screening or monitoring ametropia. However,
      the use of this instrument as a substitute for subjective refraction procedures
      does not seem warranted at this time.

PMID- 1094997
TI  - Polyglycolic acid suture in strabismus surgery.
AB  - Polyglycolic acid, synthetic, absorbable braided suture was compared to gut with
      respect to handling, strength, and tissue reaction in 70 strabismus procedures.
      This new suture material produced less tissue reaction than gut and had handling
      characteristics that were similar to silk. It can be used in smaller sizes than
      gut because of its greater strength and firm knot. Polyglycolic acid suture
      appears to be a useful addition to ophthalmic suture materials.

PMID- 1094998
TI  - [Diagnostic problems in new and old injuries].
AB  - Due to mass participation in certain sports combination injuries of the knee
      joint have greatly increased in number. To a certain extend injuries of the
      cruciate ligaments are typical. According to our own follow-up studies the
      immidiate suture of the ligaments leads to better results than late
      reconstructions which emphasises the early diagnosis of an injury to the cruciate
      ligaments. Old and new injuries to these ligaments present diagnostic problems.
      Therefore the mechanism of injury, the symptomatology, and both clinical and
      radiological possibilities for the diagnosis of damage to the cruciate ligaments
      are demonstrated.

PMID- 1094999
TI  - Childhood mortality and its social background in the first settlement at sydney
      cove, 1788-1792.

PMID- 1095000
TI  - McConnell: a name synonymous with child care.

PMID- 1095001
TI  - Occupational health nursing education in New South Wales.

PMID- 1095002
TI  - Kidney disease - a major health problem. Some of the more important aspects.

PMID- 1095005
TI  - Recovery of function after serial or one-stage lesions of the lateral
      hypothalamic area in rats.

PMID- 1095004
TI  - Psychrophilic bacteria.

PMID- 1095006
TI  - Corpus striatum (Translation of S. Ramon y Cajal). translated from Corps Strie,
      chapter 23, in "Histologie du systeme nerveux de l'homme et des vertebres" 1911.

PMID- 1095003
TI  - Suppression of the immune response by microorganisms.

PMID- 1095007
TI  - Teeth and nutrition.

PMID- 1095008
TI  - The role of the stomach in nutrition.

PMID- 1095009
TI  - Protein absorption.

PMID- 1095010
TI  - Carbohydrate absorption. Studies on the glucose transport by isolated brush
      border membranes. A contribution towards an understanding of the molecular
      mechanism of sugar absorption.
AB  - From investigations, mainly on intact in vitro preparations of small intestine,
      it has been established that the epithelial cell carries out digestion as well as
      absorption of carbohydrates, i.e. the luminal (brush border) plasma membrane
      contains di- and poly-saccharidases for the degradation of carbohydrates to
      monosaccharides as well as transport systems for monosaccharides. Recently, an
      intact glucose transport system has been demonstrated in isolated membranes from
      rat intestinal brush borders. In the isolated membranes, glucose transport has
      the characteristics expected for 'facilitated diffusion' of glucose coupled to
      Na+ translocation. The Na+-dependent uptake of glucose can be influenced by
      electrical potentials across the brush border membrane, which indicates that the
      positive charge of Na+, associated with sugar uptake, is not compensated by the
      counter-movement of another cation, e.g. K+, or by the co-movement of an anion
      via the same glucose 'carrier'. In other words, the Na+-coupled D-glucose
      transport is linked to a charge translocation - it is electrogenic. The apparent
      Na+ independence of glucose transport in vivo and the accumulation of glucose
      against a glucose as well as a Na+ concentration gradient by isolated epithelial
      cells may be explained by the 'ion gradient' model of Crane and Schultz and
      Zalusky provided the electrical membrane potential is high under these conditions
      and the electrochemical potential of Na+ serves as driving force for 'active'
      glucose transport.

PMID- 1095011
TI  - Fat digestion.

PMID- 1095012
TI  - Vitamin A a absorption - nutritional aspects.
AB  - A brief review of the present knowledge of vitamin A (both performed and
      precursor forms) absorption is outlined with special emphasis on the dietary
      factors involved in this process. Some details are discussed related to the
      techniques used for measurement of vitamin A absorption from different sources
      and under different experimental conditions. Suggestions are also made to
      standardize appropriate procedure in this respect; this might enable comparisons
      and wide use of respective results obtained in various laboratories. Nutritional
      significance, including advantages or disadvantages of the liver test in these
      studies, is specifically highlighted with special reference to the determination
      of vitamin A bio-potency in various products. Some selected results and
      experience in this field are briefly presented.

PMID- 1095013
TI  - Vitamin absorption (excluding vitamin A).

PMID- 1095014
TI  - Overproduction of lysine by mutant strains of Escherichia coli with defective
      lysine transport systems.
AB  - Mutants selected on the basis of their resistance to S-(beta-aminoethyl) cysteine
      and overproduction of lysine were found to be defective in the lysine transport
      system. The overproduction of lysine was not due to mutation affecting either of
      the two regulatory enzymes aspartokinase and dihydrodipicolinic acid synthetase.
      Uptake of labeled lysine by the lysine-specific transport system was reduced to a
      negligible level, while uptake by the lysine, ornithine, arginine system was also
      affected. A hypothesis regarding the nature of these mutations and their effects
      on the regulation of lysine biosynthesis is discussed.

PMID- 1095015
TI  - A new method for separation of the epidermis and dermis.

PMID- 1095016
TI  - A screening test for sulphur-containing metabolites in urine using auxotrophic
      mutants of Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 1095017
TI  - Outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium: reconstitution of sucrose-permeable
      membrane vesicles.

PMID- 1095018
TI  - Translation of mitochondrial RNA from yeast cytoplasmic petite mutants in an E.
      coli cell-free system.

PMID- 1095019
TI  - Antilymphocyte antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Effect on lymphocyte
      surface characteristics.
AB  - Antilymphocyte antibodies in SLE bind to normal lymphocytes and are not always
      associated with lymphocytotoxic activity. Detection of these antibodies on the
      surface of normal lymphocytes by immunofluorescent techniques is enhanced by
      short incubation periods, reduced temperature, and metabolic inhibition. The same
      effects occur in SLE blood and may influence the enumeration of B lymphocytes as
      determined by surface immunoglobulin. The percent of T lymphocytes forming sheep
      erythrocyte rosettes is not affected by these antibodies.

PMID- 1095020
TI  - Depression of cellular-mediated immunity in systemic lupus erythematosus.
      relation to disease activity.
AB  - Cellular-mediated immunity was examined in 6 consecutive patients with active
      SLE, 6 patients with low active SLE 6 patients with DLE, 8 patients with other
      collagen diseases, and 9 healthy controls. The following parameters were
      measured: delayed hypersensitivity, in vitro lymphocyte blast transformation, and
      MIF production after stimulation with five common antigens, DNA, and two
      nonspecific mitogens (PHA, PWM). The 6 active SLE patients were anergic and had a
      markedly depressed response in vitro to the specific antigens and PWM (P less
      than 0.001). When CMI was retested in 5 patients as early as 5 days after the
      start of prednisone (60 mc/day), the results were significantly improved in 4 who
      also improved clinically, and they remained unchanged in a fifth patieht who
      failed to improve. There was a less marked impairment of CMI among the low active
      SLE group, whereas the DLE and OCD patients did not differ significantly from the
      control subjects. DNA did not cause significant stimulation of blast
      transformation in any of the study groups.

PMID- 1095021
TI  - Lymphokines in the rheumatoid joint.
AB  - Joint fluids and culture supernatants of synovial tissue were examined for the
      presence of two lymphokines. Migration inhibitory activity was found in 16 of 22
      rheumatoid fluids (73%), in 3 of 15 osteoarthritis fluids (20%), and in 3 of 11
      fluids from patients with various inflammatory arthritides (27%). Blastogenic
      activity was present in 14 of 15 rheumatoid fluids and in 1 of 7 nonrheumatoid
      effusions. The active materials eluted with the third peak from Sephadex G-200
      and were therefore smaller than immunoglobulin or immune complexes. These
      findings suggest that lymphokine-like substances were present in effusions and
      synovial tissue of most patients with rheumatoid arthritis and some patients with
      other forms of chronic synovitis.

PMID- 1095023
TI  - Proceedings: In vivo mechanisms of BCG immunosuppression.

PMID- 1095022
TI  - Selective suppression of autoantibody responses in NZB/NZW mice treated with long
      term cyclophosphamide.
AB  - Autoimmune responses were assayed in 80 cyclophosphamide-treated and control
      NZB/NZW mice over a period of 1 year. Fluctuation between positive and negative
      immunofluorescent heterogeneous ANA tests and daily alterations of ANA titers
      were detected in young mice of both sexes. Although high-dose cyclophosphamide
      therapy (8 mg/kg/day) failed to prevent the spontaneous appearance of ANA,
      titered ANA values were partially suppressed in high-dose treated mice. This
      study permitted sequential comparisons between ANA titers and anti-DNA as useful
      indices of cyclophosphamide-induced suppression of autoimmune disease. ANA titers
      were relatively resistant to cyclophosphamide therapy. Antibodies directed
      specifically against DNA were suppressed mice receiving high-dose
      cyclophosphamide. In treated animals, decreased anti-DNA levels were associated
      with protection from severe glomerulonephritis and renal vasculitis. Treatment
      with low-dose cyclophosphamide (1 mg/kg/day) appeared paradoxically to stimulate
      autoantibody production and renal disease/vasculitis.

PMID- 1095024
TI  - ASHA in retrospect. Fiftieth anniversary reflections.

PMID- 1095025
TI  - [Treatment of inflammatory complications of permanent implanted pacemakers].
AB  - The Authors report an experience of 165 patients who underwent to implantation of
      artificial pacemaker from January 1973 to December 1974 and report 16 cases of
      infection. They consider many surgical and biologic factors that can have caused
      uprinsing of infection. The Authors report the therapeutic treatment the patients
      underwent and conclude that the best treatment is the implantation, to another
      seat, of new pacemaker.

PMID- 1095026
TI  - [Clinical significance of changes in tryptophan metabolism].
AB  - The Authors describe the various anomalies of the metabolism of tryptophan that
      are observed in various diseases. The oxidative pathway is most important of the
      metabolic pathway of the amino acid; the degredation of tryptophan is
      particularly influenced by steroid hormones and vitamins' want. The metabolic
      anomalies are demonstrable both in malignant tumors (mostly in bladder cancer and
      Hodgkin's disease), both during psychiatric diseases (such as depression and
      schizophrenia) and in the diseases of connective tissue in addition to congenital
      errors of the degradation of tryptophan (such as Hartnup's disease,
      tryptophanuria and 3-hydroxychinureninuria). The metabolic pictures are manifest
      after amino acid's in the diseases of connective tissue but are independent for
      clinical seriousness and, in any case, less significant than those observed in
      other pathological pictures, mostly in Hodgkin's disease. The existence of
      anomalies of tryptophan's metabolism is certainly shown in many diseases, however
      the true physiopathogenetic meaning of these metabolic alterations is not yet
      specified. Particularly it is not definite if these alterations are the cause of
      diseases, which they appear in, or if they are secondary alterations.

PMID- 1095028
TI  - [Further remarks on the nitro/BT method of diagnosis of myocardial infarct].

PMID- 1095027
TI  - [Solute charge in milk feeding of babies with diarrhea].
AB  - In each one of the samples, investigation of osmolarity, concentration of sodium
      chloride and proteins and bacteria was carried out. With these data,
      concentration of solutes in milks was estimated, together with a calculation of
      renal charge they represented. The most outstanding results showed that mothers
      offer whole and half skimmed milks at concentrations less than normal dilutions;
      thus, the solute charge was found in most cases, far below figures reported as
      average. In a good number of milks, osmolarity showed to very high, specially in
      those added with corn syrup. Only in 9 of the formulas germs were not identified;
      in the rest, E. coli predominated and there was high index of contamination.

PMID- 1095029
TI  - . . .in a good old age.

PMID- 1095030
TI  - Messrs Wedgwood and porcelain dentures correspondence 1800-1815. I. De Chemant,
      Thomas Byerley and others, 1800-1812.

PMID- 1095031
TI  - Bridge preparations-- a check impression technique.

PMID- 1095032
TI  - Messrs Wedgwood and porcelain dentures correspondence 1800-1815. II Joseph Fox,
      Thomas Byerley and Robert Blake, 1810-1815.

PMID- 1095033
TI  - Lewis Anthony Friend, M.D.S., F.D.S.

PMID- 1095034
TI  - Bridge prostheses for cleft palate patients. An analysis.

PMID- 1095035
TI  - Laboratory errors in porcelain crowns.

PMID- 1095037
TI  - Cornelio Papp 1903-1974.

PMID- 1095036
TI  - Contribution of cardiac pacing to our understanding of the Wolff-Parkinson-White
      syndrome.
AB  - This review discusses the information which can be obtained by cardiac pacing in
      patients with the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Programmed electrical
      stimulation when combined with the recording of intracardiac electrograms and
      surface electrocardiograph leads, can be extremely useful in the following areas.
      1) Determining the type of the accessory atrioventricular connexions; 2)
      determining the electrophysiological properties of the accessory atrioventricular
      pathway; 3) localizing the position of the accessory atrioventricular pathway; 4)
      determining the mechanisms of any tachycardia; 5) assessing effect of drugs; 6)
      identifying patients likely to be at high risk; and 7)evaluating postoperative
      conduction.

PMID- 1095038
TI  - Death during operation.
AB  - Although deaths that take place during the course of an operation are commonly
      called "Death under the Anaesthetic", they did occur before the advent of
      anaesthesia and in 1824 Dupuytren listed seven posssible causes. Thirty-three
      reported cases are mentioned and compared with Dupuytren's list. Air embolism was
      the commonest cause. The last survey in 1956 suggested that anaesthesia was
      entirely responsible for about 60 per cent of cases and surgery for 10 per cent.

PMID- 1095039
TI  - A comparison of methods for the measurement of cardiac output and blood oxygen
      content.
AB  - A comparison has been made between the recently introduced thermal dilution
      method for measurement of cardiac output and the standard dye dilution technique.
      Two relatively new methods of measurement of blood oxygen content, one involving
      the measurement of oxygen tension after release of oxygen by carbon monoxide, and
      the other the measurement of current flow upon reduction of oxygen in a galvanic
      cell, have been compared with a standard indirect method of measurement of blood
      oxygen content. All three new methods fulfilled the criteria of accuracy and
      simplicity and compared favourably with the standard methods. Of the two new
      methods for measurement of oxygen content, that involving reduction of oxygen in
      a galvanic cell was superior by virtue of compactness and speed of operation.

PMID- 1095040
TI  - Recovery and skills related to driving after intravenous sedation: dose-response
      relationship with diazepam.
AB  - Skills related to driving, the ability to discriminate the fusion of flickering
      light, and hand and foot proprioception, were measured double-blind in 34 healthy
      volunteers before and after three doses of i.v. diazepam. The effects of diazepam
      were most harmful to co-ordination. With 0.15 mg/kg, 0.30 mg/kg and 0.45 mg/kg of
      diazepam the impairment of co-ordinative skills was statistically significant (P
      less than 0.05) up to 2, 6 and 8 hr respectively. No impairment of performance on
      any test was measurable at 6 hr after 0.15 mg/kg or at 10 hr after 0.30 or 0.45
      mg/kg of diazepam. There were large interindividual variations in serum
      concentrations of diazepam within each dose level. The increases in serum
      concentrations of diazepam after the intake of food support the concept of an
      enterohepatic cycle for diazepam. It was concluded that patients should not drive
      or operate machinery for at least 6 hr after 0.15 mg/kg of i.v. diazepam and at
      least 10 hr after 0.30 mg/kg and 0.45 mg/kg.

PMID- 1095041
TI  - Proceedings: premedication of cardiac surgical patients-a clinical comparison of
      four regimes.

PMID- 1095042
TI  - Prolonged action fenfluramine capsules versus fenfluramine tablets in general
      practice.

PMID- 1095043
TI  - Prolonged action fenfluramine in general practice.

PMID- 1095044
TI  - Ketamine induction and amantadine.

PMID- 1095045
TI  - Intravenous bumetanide in the treatment of acute and chronic pulmonary oedema.

PMID- 1095046
TI  - A controlled trail of doxapram in acute respiratory failure.
AB  - The efficacy of a respiratory stimulant (doxapram) in antagonizing carbon dioxide
      retention associated with controlled oxygen therapy (28 per cent) in acute-on
      chronic respiratory failure was assessed by a double-blind crossover trial in
      eight patients. PaCO2 rose in egery case during the placebo in the initial
      treatment period (mean increase 10 mm Hg). In those patients receiving doxapram
      initially PaCO2 fell in three and rose in one (mean decrease 4 mm Hg). All who
      has shown a rise in PaCO2 during the initial period on placebo showed a fall in
      the subsequent period on doxapram. In the six patients who completed the study,
      mean PaCO2 at the end of the doxapram period was significantly lower than the end
      of the placebo period (60 mm Hg against 67 mm M Hg). In three patients the rise
      in PaCO2 was accompanied by significant impairment in the level of consciousness
      which was reversed during the doxapram period. PaCO2 was not significantly
      different during either treatment period. No serious unwanted effects were
      encountered.

PMID- 1095047
TI  - Assessing the aggressive component of personality. II. A new approach.

PMID- 1095048
TI  - Assessing the aggressive component of personality. I. Problems.

PMID- 1095049
TI  - An operation for restoration of urinary continence following total loss of the
      urethra.
AB  - Twenty-three patients with urethral loss have been treated by the simple creation
      ofa "spout" from the bladder wall. The procedure is suggested for the surgical
      treatment of lymphopathia venereum and for consideration in certain other
      conditions when urinary diversion is unacceptable.

PMID- 1095050
TI  - The paretic pupil: its incidence and aetiology after keratoplasty for
      keratoconus.
AB  - The present study reveals that pupillary abnormalities are common after
      keratoplasty for keratoconus and that, in addition to the fixed dilated pupils
      which we have found in 7.8 per cent. of eyes, varying degrees of partially
      dilated pupil frequently occur after operation. In our experience, glaucoma is
      not a sequel to the simple paretic pupil, a finding which confirms the results of
      the smaller series of Alberth and Schnitzler (1971); glaucoma thus seems to be no
      more a special complication of keratoplasty for keratoconus than it is of
      keratoplasty for any other corneal pathology. The paretic pupils can be explained
      on the basis of ischaemic atrophy of the sphincter pupillae muscle secondary to
      an iris strangulation phenomenon occurring during surgery in the manner we have
      discussed. The relative frequency of a dilated pupil, together with the common
      finding of focal iris atrophy after minimal surgical trauma to the iris in cases
      of keratoconus, forces one to conclude that the pathology in this condition is
      not confined to the cornea but probably extends to the iris and possibly to the
      scleral envelope as well.

PMID- 1095052
TI  - Orthodontics and prosthodontics--a common basis for diagnosis, treatment planning
      and research.

PMID- 1095051
TI  - Intravitreal hyaluronic acid injection. A long-term clinical evaluation.
AB  - Healon-H was used in the treatment of seven cases of complicated retinal
      detachment. A permanent re-attachment was achieved in two cases. No serious
      ocular complications have been encountered after a follow-up of 4 1/2 years.

PMID- 1095053
TI  - Essential thiols of yeast hexokinase: alkylation by a substrate-like reagent.
AB  - It is demonstrated that N-bromoacetyl-D-galactosamine acts as a substrate-like
      reagent for yeast hexokinases A and B, producing affinity labeling. At the order
      of 10(-3) M reagent concentrations, rapid inactivation of the enzyme is produced:
      the kinetics are consistent with dependence upon a reversible inhibitor-enzyme
      initial complex, with a dissociation constant of 3.8 x 10(-3) M for hexokinase B
      at 35 degrees, pH 8.5. The glucose analog is 30-fold less effective, presumably
      due to self-protection. The inactivating reaction is an order of magnitude faster
      than that with bromoacetate. All the alkylation of hexokinase B was shown to
      occur at two thiol groups per subunit, associated stoichiometrically with
      inactivation. Unlike the reaction there of simple alkylators, two nonessential
      thiols per subunit are left unattacked when this inactivation reaction is
      complete. Protection against the affinity alkylation is exerted by the substrates
      glucose, mannose, fructose, glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, ATP-Mg,
      and ADP-Mg, in proportion to their affinities for the active center. Free ATP
      also protects. Mg2+ alone has no influence, and Mn2+ gives a slight acceleration,
      when correction is made for a slow inactivation that occurs when the enzyme is
      incubated at 35 degrees with Mn2+ alone. Galactose, virtually a nonsubstrate, has
      no influence on the affinity alkylation, but N-acetylgalactosamine, a
      nonsubstrate and a weak inhibitor of the enzymic reaction, has an accelerating
      effect. An interpretation is made in terms of binding to a site that influences
      the active center. This affinity label should provide a means of isolating a
      peptide containing active-center-related groups.

PMID- 1095054
TI  - Partial purification and properties of an enzyme from Escherichia coli that
      catalyzes the conversion of glutamic acid and 10-formyltetrahydropteroylglutamic
      acid to 10-formyltetrahydropterol-gamma-glutamyglutamic acid.
AB  - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-glutamic acid and 10-formyl-H4folic
      acid (also known as 10-formyl-H4pteroylglutamic acid) to 10-formyl-H4pteroyl
      gamma-glutamylglutamic acid has been purified by 74-fold from extracts of
      Escherichia coli. ATP, Mg-2+, and a monovalent cation (K+ or NH-4, but not Na+)
      are required for the enzyme to function. Radioactive and bioautographic analyses
      revealed the formation of a single product. This product was identified as 10
      formyl-H-4pteroyl-gamma-glutamylglutamic acid from its spectral characteristics,
      its ability to be used effectively as a growth faster for Lactobacillus casei
      7469, and from radioactive analysis that indicated the incorporation into the
      product of 1 mol glutamate/mol of 10-formyl-H-4pteroylglutamic acid utilized. The
      enzyme functions optimally at pH 9.0-9.8 and at 50 degrees. Its molecular weight
      is estimated at 42,000-43,000. The Km values are 180 muM for L-glutamic acid and
      less than 2 muM for (-) 10-formyl-H-4pteroylglutamic acid. The only other
      naturally occurring folate compounds with significant activity as substrate are H
      4pteroylglutamic acid and 5,10-methylene-H-4pteroylglutamic acid; however, these
      compounds are not used as effectively (K-m values are 10-12 mu-M) as 10-formyl-H
      4pteroylglutamic acid.

PMID- 1095055
TI  - The structure of the globin genes in chromatin.
AB  - The distribution of proteins in the neighborhood of the globin genes of duck
      reticulocyte chromatin has been studied. This chromatin is first shown to be an
      active template for transcription in vitro of globin messenger-like RNA. The
      chromatin is then treated with staphylococcal nuclease and the DNA fragments
      protected from nuclease attack ("covered DNA") are isolated. Alternatively, the
      chromatin is titrated with poly-D-lysine, and by successive treatment with
      Pronase and nuclease, the DNA regions accessible to polylysine are isolated (open
      "DNA"). In order to determine the distribution of globin gene sequences in open
      and covered DNA, these two fractions are annealed to globin cDNA (globin probe).
      It is found that while all globin gene sequences are represented in covered DNA,
      a specific portion of the globin gene is missing from open DNA, corresponding to
      about 20% of the gene length. It is concluded that specific regions of the globin
      genes of reticulocyte chromatin are partly covered by proteins in such a way as
      to render them in accessible to polylysine. In contrast, no difference is
      observed in the annealing properties of open and covered regions to globin probe
      using DNA isolated from erythrocyte chromatin, which is a poor templete in vitro
      for production of globin message. The annealing of open and covered DNA to each
      other has also been studied. It is found that open and covered DNA have identical
      sequence populations. Thus, in contrast to the special arrangement of proteins in
      the neighborhood of the globin gene, there does not appear to be any sequence
      specific arrangement of the bulk of the chromatin proteins on chromatin DNA.

PMID- 1095056
TI  - Iodination of Escherichia coli lac repressor. Effect of tyrosine modification on
      repressor activity.
AB  - Treatment of Escherichia coli lac repressor with iodine (Kl3) at 4 degrees and pH
      7.5 resulted in the rapid loss of repressor DNA binding activity. At a 30-fold
      molar excess of iodine to repressor, inactivation was complete within 15 sec.
      Inducer binding under the same conditions was only slightly affected. Iodinated
      repressor remained tetrameric, indicating that no gross structural alteration of
      the protein has taken place. Control experiments demonstrated that side products
      of the reaction did not contribute to the observed activity loss. Moreover, no
      restoration of binding activity was observed when iodinated repressor was assayed
      under a variety of assay conditions. Incubation of repressor with lac operator
      containing gamma plac DNA during the iodination reaction resulted in
      approximately 50% protection of binding activity. This protective effect was only
      partially operator specific, as gammaDNA lacking the operator binding site
      afforded roughly 25% protection under the same conditions. Incubation with either
      inducer and anti-inducer molecules during the iodination reaction did not protect
      repressor DNA binding activity. Iodination with K-131I-3 demonstrated that at
      complete inactivation virtually all of the bound iodine was recovered as
      iodotyrosine. A minor amount of cysteine oxidation to cysteinesulfonic acid was
      also detected. This oxidation encompassed no more than 30% of a single cysteine
      residue )tentatively identified as cysteine-107). Unstable intermediate oxidation
      products of cysteine did not appear to be involved in the loss of DNA binding
      activity. Modification of amino acids other than tyrosine and cysteine was not
      observed. Tryptic digestion of -131I-labeled repressor suggested that
      approximately 90% of the incorporated radioactivity was located in the repressor
      N-terminal tryptic peptide. Automated sequence analysis of iodinated repressor
      confirmed that at roughly 0.5 bound iodine atoms per repressor subunit
      (corresponding to approximately 5-10% activity loss) tyrosine residues 7, 12, and
      17 were labeled in the ratios 1.0:0.5:0.8. Doubling the amount of bound iodine to
      1.0 atom per subunit (corresponding to approximately 50-60% activity loss) did
      not significantly change the pattern of incorporation.

PMID- 1095057
TI  - A comparison of the fluorescence of the Y base of yeast tRNA-Phe in solution and
      in crystals.
AB  - The fluorescence properties of the Y base of yeast tRNA-Phe are known to be quite
      sensitive to the environment. The fluorescence lifetime of the Y base in yeast
      tRNA-Phe is identical in orthorhombic crystals and in the mother liquor from
      which these crystals are grown. It is 10% higher than the lifetime observed in
      dilute solutions of tRNA. This small change is a solvent effect due to isopropyl
      alcohol in the crystallization medium. Isopropyl alcohol does not change the
      accessibility of the chromophore of the Y base as measured by iodide quenching
      rates in solution. The accessibility in intact tRNA-Phe is much less than in a
      ribonuclease digest. Thus, within the limits of the sensitivity of the method,
      the Y chromophore occupies the same environment in solution and in the crystal
      and it must be at least partially buried.

PMID- 1095058
TI  - Polyglycerophosphatide metabolism in Escherichia coli.
AB  - When Escherichia coli B cells were labelled with [14-C] glycerol and chased,
      there was a marked sparing of the phosphatidyl moiety compared to the nonacylated
      glycerol moiety of phosphatidylglycerol. When energy-depleted cells were restored
      to an energy-rich medium there resulted a conversion of 32-P-labelled cardiolipin
      to phosphatidylglycerol, a lack of phosphatidic acid accumulation and no loss in
      total polyglycerophosphatide counts. In cell-free extracts, phosphatidic acid
      produced from 32-P-labelled cardiolipin by the action of Escherichia coli
      phosphalipase D, was readily recycled to form poly-glycerophosphatide. In the
      presence of glycerol, such extracts displayed traansphosphatidylase activity by
      degrading cardiolipin to phosphatidyglycerol mainly. The results as a whole
      indicate that the enzyme synthesizing cardiolipin together with cardiolipin
      hydrolyzing phospholipase D constitute a cycle which is normally involved in the
      turnover of polyglycerophosphatides in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1095059
TI  - Movement of calcium through artificial lipid membranes and the effects of
      ionophores.
AB  - The calcium efflux from multi-layered vesicles (liposomes) of different lipid
      composition has been studied. Liposomes composed of lipids extracted from cattle
      retinas are compared with liposomes which consist of phosphatidylcholine or a 1:1
      phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine mixture. The percentages of 45-Ca capture
      by these three types of liposomes are 10, 1 and 4% respectively; The efflux rates
      are 2.5-10- minus 6, 2-10- minus 6 and 4-10- minus 5 S- minus 1 respectively. The
      semilogarithmic efflux curves for phosphatidylcholine and
      phosphatidylcholine/phosphatidylserine liposomes are linear with time, but those
      for the retinal lipid liposomes are discontinuous. The activation energy for the
      calcium efflux from the latter liposomes is about 10.5 kcal/mol, both before and
      after the discontinuity. The ionophores X537A and A23187 enhance the calcium
      leakage from retinal lipid liposomes, the latter ionophore being much more
      effective than the former. At high concentrations both ionophores seem to
      transport calcium as a 1: 2 Ca-ionophore complex. At low ionophore
      concentrations, however, X537A appears to transport calcium as a 1:1 complex, but
      A23187 as a 2:1 complex.

PMID- 1095060
TI  - Membrane reconstitution in chl-r mutants of Escherichia coli K 12. VIII.
      Purification and properties of the FA factor, the product of the chl B gene.
AB  - The isolation and purification of the product of the chl B gene of Escherichia
      coli K 12 from the chl A mutant have been attempted. The purified protein gives a
      single band in 10% sodium dodecylsulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The
      molecular weight is estimated to be 35 000. This protein, that we have named "FA
      factor", does not contain any lipid, has a strong tendency to lose its activity
      by polymerizing but can be kept in an active state when stored in buffer
      containing NaCl. The addition of purified FA protein to a soluble extract from
      the chl B mutant strain grown under anaerobiosis in the presence of nitrate
      initiates the "complementation reaction", i.e. the reconstitution of the nitrate
      reductase activity and the formation of particulate material similar to the
      native membrane with respect to the structure and enzymatic function. FA protein
      acts both on the rate of reconstitution and on the total amount of reconstituted
      enzyme. The complementation leads to the reconstitution of nonsedimentable
      nitrate reductase and to the formation of three types of particles of different
      buoyant densities (1.10, 1.18 and 1.23) the two lightest of which contain nitrate
      reductase. It is shown that FA factor is incorporated only into the particles of
      intermediate density. In vivo, this factor is located in the native membranes of
      chl A, chl C, chl D and wild-type strains, whatever the growth conditions,
      aerobiosis or anaerobiosis, and in the presence or absence of nitrate. Protein FA
      can be released from either of these membranes (native or reconstituted) by
      removing Mg-2+ or by subjecting Kaback's vesicles to mechanical treatments; in
      the case of 1.18-reconstituted particles and wild-type membranes, the release of
      FA protein does not exert any effect on the level of the nitrate reductase
      activity.

PMID- 1095061
TI  - Membrane reconstitution in chl-r mutants of Escherichia coli K 12. IX. Part
      played by phospholipids in the complementation process.
AB  - The supernatant extracts of the chl A and chl B mutants of Escherichia coli K 12,
      the phospholipids of which are labeled by growth in 32 P or [2- 3H]glycerol
      media, contain 20 times more radioactivity than the supernatant extract of the
      wild-type strain grown under the same conditions. We have observed that, after
      complementation, 80% of the radioactivity previously contained by Extracts A and
      B is incorporated into reconstituted particles. The chromatography of 3H-labeled
      Extract B on DEAE-cellulose and followed by gel filtration of radioactive
      fractions on Sephadex G-200 has shown that the phospholipids of Extract B are
      only bound to soluble proteins and not to fragments of membranes; it can be
      assumed that they have been solubilized in the form of a lipid-protein complex by
      cell breakage. When Extracts A and B are treated by phospholipase C
      (phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.3) before being mixed
      together, an inhibition of the reconstitution of nitrate reductase activity which
      is proportional to the phospholipase C concentration and the length of treatment
      is observed. The analysis of lipids and phospholipids of particles (Peak I, Peak
      II and Peak III) formed during complementation and reconstituted nitrate
      reductase shows that their phospholipid contents (phosphatidylethanolamine,
      phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylserine) and
      especially that of Peak II (d equals 1.18) are closely related to that of native
      particles from the wild-type strain. These results allow one to propose a
      hypothesis explaining the mechanism involved in complementation.

PMID- 1095062
TI  - Lipid phase transitions in cytoplasmic and outer membranes of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The cytoplasmic and outer membranes containing either trans-delta-9
      octadecenoate, trans-delta-9-hexadecenoate or cis-delta-9-octadecenoate as
      predominant unsaturated fatty acid residues in the phospholipids were prepared
      from a fatty acid auxotroph, Escherichia coli strain K1062. Order-disorder
      transitions of the phospholipids were revealed in both fractions of the cell
      envelope by fluorescent probing or wide angle X-ray diffraction. The mid
      transition temperatures, Tt, and the range of the transition, delta-T, are
      similar in the outer and cytoplasmic membrane. Relative to the corresponding
      extracted lipids, 60-80% of the hydrocarbon chains take part in the transition in
      the cytoplasmic membrane whereas in the outer membrane only 25-40% of the chains
      become ordered. The results suggest that in the outer membrane part of the lipids
      form fluid domains in the form of mono- and/or bilayers.

PMID- 1095063
TI  - Comparison of the myoglobin of the zebra (Equus burchelli) with that of the horse
      (Equus caballus).
AB  - The tryptic and peptic peptides from the myoglobin of the zebra (Equus burchelli)
      have been compared with those obtained from the myoglobin of the horse (Equus
      caballus). No differences in the myoglobin were found between these two species.

PMID- 1095064
TI  - The myoglobin of primates. VII. Perodicticus potto edwarsi (potto).
AB  - The primary structure of the myoglobin of the prosimian Lorisidae Perodictius
      potto edwarsi (potto) was studied. Tryptic, chymotryptic, peptic, subtilisin and
      thermolysin peptides were aligned against the sequence of human myoglobin.
      Sixteen differences were found which were confirmed by sequential analysis. On
      comparison of the West African potto with two other prosimian myoglobins known so
      far, there were 12 differences between the potto and the galago (East African)
      and 18 differences between the potto and the sportive lemur (Madagascar).

PMID- 1095065
TI  - High affinity phlorizin receptor sites and their relation to the glucose
      transport mechanism in the proximal tubule of dog kidney.
AB  - A set of high affinity phlorizin receptors in a brush border membrane preparation
      from dog kidney cortex is described. The dissociation constant, Kd is
      approximately equal to 0.3 muM (20 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM Na-+, 5mM EDTA pH 7.45, 37
      degree C). The number of receptor sites is approximately equal to 12-10- minus 12
      mol/mg membrane protein. Preincubation with sugar substrates shows that the high
      affinity phlorizin binding is completely abolished by D-glucose (100 mM), 3-deoxy
      30fluoro-D-glucose (125 mM) and alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (125 mM), while 40
      50% inhibition is observed with glucose concentrations as low as 5 mM. D
      Galactose adn beta-methyl-D-galactopyranoside inhibit 20-40% at 125 mM while 2
      deoxy-D-glucose and 2-deoxy-D-galactose inhibit minimally (approximately equal to
      25%) at the same concentration. L-glucose, D-mannose, D-xylose, myoinositol, D
      fructose and 3-O-methyl-D-glucose do not inhibit significantly in concentrations
      up to 600 mM. Unlabelled phlorizin (1 muM) and D-glucose (125 mM) completely wash
      off bound [3-H] phlorizin from the high affinity site. In contrast, phloretin
      (100 muM) is only about 50% as effective in displacing bound [3-H] phlorizin.
      Binding decreases with decreasing sodium concentration and is abolished by N
      ethylmaleimide (7 mM). No inhibition is observed with ouabain (0.125 mM),
      cytochalasin B (0.1- 42 muM) and concanavalin A (10-10 000 mug/ml). The
      specificity of inhibition of phlorizin binding in vivo to the luminal membrane of
      the proximal tubule in dog kidney has also been investigated. Alpha-methyl-D
      glucopyranoside completely washes off bound [3-H] phlorizin. D-galactose is only
      about 10% as effective at equivalent doses. There is no observable wash off of
      bound [3-H] phlorizin with D-fructose, myoinositol, D-mannose or 2-deoxy-D
      glucose. The relative affinity of monosaccharides for the glucose transport
      receptor at the brush border was investigated in vivo using the multiple
      indicator dilution technique to determine their fractional reabsorption under
      identical conditions of phlorizin blockade. The relative affinities are in the
      order D-glucose approximately equal to alpha-methyl-D-glucopyranoside greater
      than D-galactose greater than 2-deoxy-D-glucose greater than D-fructose
      approximately equal to myoinositol. It is concluded (i) that phlorizin receptors
      on the brush border of the proximal tubule in vivo are identical to the high
      affinity phlorizin binding sites in the brush border membrane fraction in vitro
      and (ii) that these phlorizin receptor sites are either in close proximity, or
      identical, to the glucose transport receptor.

PMID- 1095067
TI  - NMR investigation of the effect of selective modifications in the anticodon loop
      on the conformation of yeast transfer RNA-Phe.
AB  - Changes in the 300 MHz proton NMR spectrum of yeast tRNA-Phe induced by the
      removal of the Y-base from the anticodon loop are reversed when the dye
      proflavine is incorporated in its place. These observations correlate with our
      earlier interpretation of the NMR data that removal of the Y-base causes a change
      in the conformation of the anticodon stem. Such changes in stem conformation may
      in part be responsible for the differences in the biochemical properties of tRNA
      Phe, tRNA-PhePF and tRNA-Phe-Y.

PMID- 1095066
TI  - Phospholipase activity plays no role in the action of colicin K.
AB  - 1. A mutant lacking both detergent-resistant and detergent-sensitive
      phospholipase A activities is fully sensitive to colicin  K. 2. In the absence of
      cellular phospholipases A, colicin K does not promote hydrolysis of
      phosphatidylethanolamine. 3. Cells of the colicin-treated mutant lacking
      lysophosphatidylethanolamine are as abnormally permeable to Co-2+ as the wind
      type is. 4. Increased levels of lysophosphatidylethanolamine in colicin-treated
      cells are not necessary for the increased sensitivity to sodium dodecylsulfate.

PMID- 1095068
TI  - The isolation of large polysomes in high yield from unfractionated tissue
      homogenates.
AB  - It was found that if large quantities of both exogenous RNA and Mg-2+ were
      present during gentle tissue homogenization, the subsequent addition of
      deoxycholate to the whole homogenate produced a viscous mass from which polysomes
      could be isolated in large yields. These polysomes were substantially less
      degraded than those isolated by previous methods. In the case of rat liver, 15
      ribosomes per mRNA was the species present in highest concentration. The
      parameters of this method were investigated and optimized. About 80 percent of
      the rRNA in the homogenates was recovered in the polysomes. Omission of
      deoxycholate permitted the isolation of less-degraded free polysomes as well. In
      the liver of fed rats these represented one-fourth of the total polysomes, in
      good agreement with results obtained by an independent approach. Using the method
      to isolate polysomes from the liver of starving rats, it was found that only
      about one percent of the large amount of monomers and dimers present resulted
      from polysome breakdown during isolation. It was further shown that random RNAase
      hydrolysis of polysomes could not produce the patterns of liver polysomes seen
      during starvation. Polysomes isolated by this procedure were quite stable in
      solution and were very active in cell-free protein synthesis. Application of this
      method without adaptation to eight other tissues also permitted the isolation of
      large polysomes in high yields.

PMID- 1095069
TI  - A simple one-step synthesis of ribonucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphate 5'
      phosphates.

PMID- 1095070
TI  - Regulation of RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli during a shift-up transition.
AB  - These experiments investigate two aspects of RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli
      ML30 during the transition from a relatively slow rate of growth to a more rapid
      one: (1) the number of growing RNA molecules per cell, and (2) the average time
      required for addition of a nucleotide onto a growing RNA chain. Cells were grown
      at 30 degrees C in a glucose-minimal salts medium and shifted-up by the addition
      of Casamino acids. Measurements were made of the rates of incorporation over
      short intervals (e.g. 5,8,12, and 16 s) of [3-H]guanine into the internal and 3'
      terminal nucleotides of RNA. After correction for the specific activities of the
      intracellular GTP pools, and for the rate of [3-H]guanine accumulation at the 3'
      terminus of non-growing RNA, the rates of chain elongation were calculated. It
      was found that cells growing at a rate of 0.9 generations/h contain approx. 4800
      RNA molecules, growing at a rate of 28 nucleotides/s per chain. Cells growing
      exponentially at the postshift-up rate (1.2 generations/h) contain 7000 RNA
      molecules per unit equivalent cell mass, which are growing at a rate of 32
      nucleotides/s per molecule. Three min after shift-up, cells contain the same
      number or slightly fewer (10%) growing RNA molecules than cells prior to shift
      up, 4300, and these are being elongated at a rate of about 32 nucleotides per s.
      The results are consistent with the view that in the range of growth rates
      studied, the total rate of RNA synthesis is regulated through a limitation in the
      number of functioning RNA polymerase molecules, each working at a relatively
      constant, presumably maximal, average rate.

PMID- 1095071
TI  - Ribosomal and non-ribosomal RNA synthesis in vitro.
AB  - The synthesis of total and ribosomal RNA using nucleoids of Escherichia coli as
      template was measured; of the total RNA synthesized by endogenous RNA polymerase
      which only completes chains, and added RNA polymerase which initiates new chains,
      50-70 and 3-5%, repectively, was rRNA. Total RNA synthesis by added enzyme,
      however, was 10-20 times higher than endogenous RNA synthesis; thus rRNA was
      synthesized at the same rate by the endogenous and the added enzyme. We conclude
      that the percentage rRNA in vitro is no measure of the rate of rRNA synthesis.
      Furthermore, it follows that the added enzyme, like the endogenous one, is packed
      at the physical limit on the ribosomal cistrons. Consequently, initiation of
      ribosomal cistrons by added enzyme was at or near the maximal rate possible for
      this system in which the elongation rate is 10-20% of that in vitro. When RNA
      synthesis was assayed at various ratios of RNA polymerase to phenol-extracted
      DNA, the amount of rRNA made per DNA, which is a measure of the frequency of
      transcription of ribosomal cistrons, varied. The ratio of rRNA synthesis relative
      to total RNA synthesis also varied, but in a different way, again leading to the
      conclusion that this ratio, as determined in vitro, does not reflect the
      efficiency of transcription of the ribosomal cistrons.

PMID- 1095072
TI  - Quinone induced stringent control. Accumulation of ppGpp and inhibition of RNA
      synthesis in stringent Escherichia coli by 5,8-dioxo-6-amino-7-chloroquinoline.
AB  - The mode of action of a synthetic cytostatic quinone was studied in Escherichia
      coli. 1. At concentrations of 1.5-6 mug/ml, 5,8-dioxo-6-amino-7-chloroquinoline
      rapidly inhibits growth and protein synthesis in E. coli. The synthesis of RNA is
      immediately affected in E. coli rel+ whereas in E. coli rel- the accumulation of
      RNA can proceed on addition of the quinone. This indicates that the inhibition of
      RNA synthesis in the stringent strain is a consequence of the regulatory
      phenomenon governed by the rel gene. 2. Chloramphenicol, known to abolish the
      stringent control mechanism, added simultaneously with the quinone allows the
      accumulation of RNA to proceed in the stringent strain. 3. Guanosine
      tetraphosphate accumulates in quinone-treated E. coli rel+ but not in the relaxed
      mutant strain. 4. Addition of amino acids reverses all inhibitory effects
      observed in quinone treated stringent and relaxed cells. 5. It is concluded that
      the bacteriostatic effect of 5,8-dioxo-6-amino-7-chloroquinoline on E. coli is
      caused by an apparent intracellular amino acid starvation.

PMID- 1095073
TI  - Affinity-labelling of Escherichia coli ribosomes by a derivative of phenylalanyl
      tRNA. A critical test for the specificity.
AB  - Under nonenzymatic binding conditions p-nitrophenoxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA
      can be bound to the donor as well as the acceptor site on the Escherichia coli
      ribosome. Precharging ribosomes with phenylalanyl-tRNA in the presence of
      elongation factor Tu and GTP blocks both the donor- and the acceptor site against
      affinity labelling by p-nitrophenoxycarbonyl-phenylalanyl-tRNA.

PMID- 1095074
TI  - Some effects of calcium and magnesium ions on the activity of bovine pancreatic
      deoxyribonuclease A.
AB  - Bovine pancreatic deoxyribonuclease requires divalent metal cations for
      hydrolysis of DNA. The effects of calcium and magnesium, alone and combined, on
      the rate and kinetics of the reaction were examined. Divalent metal salts of DNA
      were used as substrates. The ratio of either Ca-2+ or Mg-2+ to DNA-P in these
      salts was 1:2. The Mg-2+ salt of DNA was found to have sufficient Mg-2+ for
      optimal DNAase activity. Addition of MgCl-2 to a large excess of Mg-2+ over DNA-P
      had no effect on the rate. Km for the hydrolysis of Mg-2+-DNA was 1.76 mM. Km for
      the hydrolysis of Ca-2+-DNA was too low to measure by our  methods of assay,
      indicating a high affinity of enzyme for substrate. The rate of hydrolysis of Ca
      2+-DNA, however, is slow compared to that of Mg-2+-DNA. By mixing the Ca-2+ and
      Mg-2+ salts of DNA, a synergistic effect on the activity of DNAase was observed.
      On the basis of kinetic studies the synergistic effect is attributed to an
      increased affinity of DNAase for DNA (Km equals 0.34 mM for the mixed Ca-2+, Mg
      2+ salt of DNA). A 2-fold increase in DNAase activity was observed when DNAase
      was incubated in CaCl-2 before assay. This 2-fold stimulation was not related to
      the synergistic effect. DNAase I is inactive against the sodium salt of DNA. In
      experiments with mixed Na+ and Mg-2+ salts of DNA, Na+-DNA was found to be a
      competitive inhibitor of the action of DNAase against Mg-2+-DNA.

PMID- 1095075
TI  - [Ribosome stability of Escherichia coli cells in amino acid starvation].
AB  - The dissociation of ribosomes from two isogenic pairs of Escherichia coli strains
      was studied during exponential growth, under amino acid starvation and subsequent
      chloramphenicol treatment. There were no significant differences in Mg2+
      dependent dissociation of ribosomes from exponentially growing rel+ and rel-
      minus strains. The differences in dissociation of the ribosomes from rel+ and rel
      minus cells were observed only upon amino acid starvation of these cultures. The
      dissociation of ribosomes from starved rel+ cells was more complete. After
      chloramphenicol treatment isolated ribosomes were more resistant to dissociation
      into subunits. Alterations of dissociation of the ribosomes in vitro correlated
      both with the amount of polysomes and the level of RNA synthesis in cells. It is
      proposed that rRNA synthesis in bacteria depends on the ratio of programmed and
      deprogrammed ribosomes.

PMID- 1095076
TI  - [Vladimir Aleksandrovich Engel'gardt (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 1095077
TI  - [2 phosphotransferase systems that control the second stage of
      phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent glucose phosphorylation in E. coli].
AB  - Analysis of E. coli W mutants defective in glucose transport suggests an
      existence of two enzyme systems which carry out the second step of
      phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent glucose phosphorylation, thus controlling the
      glucose transport into E. coli cells. One system (PTS-glu-alpha) controls
      phosphorylation and transport of both glucose and alpha-methylglucoside, the
      other system (PTS-glu-beta) controls phosphorylation and transport of glucose
      only. PTS-glu-alpha system is damaged in the mutants studied, but PTS-glu-beta
      system is intact. On account of this fact the mutants do not uptake 14-C-alpha
      methylglucoside and their extracts are practically incapable of its
      phosphorylation, phosphoenolpyruvate being used as phosphate donor. At the same
      time the mutants are capable of 14-C-glucose uptake and PEP-dependent 14-C
      glucose phosphorylation. In one of the strain, having the intact PTS-glu-alpha
      system, the uptake of glucose and alpha-methylglucoside was stimulated by the
      addiction of glucose in the cultural medium. No such effect was observed in
      bacteria with the disturbed PTS-glu-alpha system and the intact PTS-glu-beta
      system. Probably, the PTS-glu-alpha system can be inducible, in contrast with the
      PTS-glu-beta system. The damage of the PTS-glu-alpha system results in resistance
      of bacteria to glucose-induced inhibition of the enzyme synthesis.

PMID- 1095078
TI  - [Purification of microbial asparaginases by the aid of affinity chromatography].
AB  - Asparaginases from Escherichia coli and Erwinia caratovora were isolated and
      purified by column chromatography with a specific sorbent (sepharose, covalently
      bound to N-alpha-(6-aminohexyl)-D-asparagine). Homogenous asparaginase from E.
      coli was isolated by one-step procedure, while the enzyme from Er. carotovara was
      50-60-fold purified. Asparaginase from Mycobacterium n. sp. was found not to bind
      with the specific sorbent.

PMID- 1095079
TI  - [Binding of ribosomal RNAs with ribosomal proteins covalently bound to polymer
      carriers].
AB  - Conditions for covalent binding of ribosome proteins from Escherichia coli with
      insoluble polymers are found. A number of polymer carriers and several methods of
      protein binding to them were tested, the best one being the fixation of ribosome
      proteins on cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose. Binding is studied with fixed
      on the polymer total 30S and 50S proteins, with individual S7 and S20 proteins,
      16S and 23S RNAs in conditions optimal for the reconstruction of 30S subunits in
      vitro. It is found that at least some of ribosome proteins, being bound with
      polymer carrier, retain the ability to recognize their specific sites on RNA.

PMID- 1095080
TI  - [Age and changes in brain weight and ascorbic acid concentration in several
      species of rodents].

PMID- 1095082
TI  - Phenethylamine in normal urine: failure to verify high values.
AB  - The phenethylamine (PEA) level in daytime urine samples of 18 normal subjects was
      measured by an isotope dilution technique. Purification of PEA from other urinary
      substance, after the addition of 1-14C-PEA to urine samples, was achieved by the
      sequence: thin-layer chromatography (TLC), derivatization, TLC, and finally, gas
      chromatography (electron capture). The estimated mean daily output of PEA was
      10.3 mug/day. A circadian rhythm was not evident on the basis of analyses of 24
      hr urine collections from four normal subjects. Three acute schizophrenics had
      levels within the normal means.

PMID- 1095081
TI  - Comparative symptomatological and evoked potential studies with d-amphetamine,
      thioridazine, and placebo in hyperkinetic children.
AB  - In a double-blind study, 62 hyperkinetic children were randomly assigned to 8
      weeks of treatment with either placebo, thioridazine, or d-amphetamine. The
      overall clinical symptomatology improved with all three substances, although d
      amphetamine was significantly superior to placebo and thioridazine. Out of eight
      symptom clusters rated by the parents, two improved significantly with placebo,
      one with thioridazine, and six with d-amphetamine. The d-amphetamine was superior
      to placebo in reducing muscular tension and superior to thioridazine in
      decreasing hyperactive-impulsive behavior, psychosomatic problems, and muscular
      tension. Out of four teachers' symptom clusters, inattentive-passive behavior was
      significantly improved by thioridazine (which was also superior to placebo),
      while hyperactivity was reduced by d-amphetamine. Quantitative evaluation of
      visual evoked potentials (VEPs) revealed an increase in latencies and decrease in
      amplitudes during thioridazine treatment. Paradoxically, d-amphetamine also
      increased latencies, while tending to augment amplitudes. Regression and
      correlation analysis of clinical symptomatology with VEP variables showed that
      the shorter the pretreatment latencies and the higher the amplitudes, the more
      disturbed was the child. Short latencies and small amplitudes in the pretreatment
      period were predictors of good therapeutic outcome with subsequent thioridazine
      treatment, while short latencies and high amplitudes were indicative of such with
      d-amphetamine treatment. During therapy, the greater the drug-induced
      augmentation of latencies, the greater the clinical improvement. Finally, VEP
      differences between therapy-responsive and -resistant patients were explored and
      discussed.

PMID- 1095083
TI  - Predicted and observed outcome in followed-up functional psychoses.

PMID- 1095084
TI  - Adoption studies in psychiatry.

PMID- 1095085
TI  - Development of the progestational uterus: metabolic aspects.

PMID- 1095086
TI  - Pharmacological and mechanical control of implantation.

PMID- 1095087
TI  - Immunogenetic aspects of implantation, placentation and feto-placental growth
      rates.

PMID- 1095088
TI  - Cellular basis of interaction between trophoblast and uterus at implantation.

PMID- 1095089
TI  - Gene expression and macromolecular synthesis during preimplantation embryonic
      development.

PMID- 1095091
TI  - [An open-loop control of a stereotactic device (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095090
TI  - Comparative evaluation of artificial ventricles in the United States.
AB  - A cooperative, comparative evaluation of nine artificial ventricles was performed
      on two standardized mock circulations. The ventricles included five air-driven
      diaphragm types, three sack types and a mechanically driven type. The slopes of
      the ventricular output curves varied from 0.04 to 0.88 at 0 to 5 Torr filling
      pressure and the maximum ventricular output varied from 3.8 to 11.9 liters/min at
      100 Torr outflow pressure. All ventricles had decreased output with increased
      outflow pressures (70 to 130 Torr). Hemolysis index ratio (HI test/HI std) for HI
      std equals 0.024 plus or minus .005 (plus or minus 1 SD) g/100 liters (N equals
      12), was +21.5 and +6.9 for a Dacron cloth and fibril heart, respectively, +2.0
      to +2.86 for three sack ventricles, and +3.2 for a smooth diaphragm ventricle.
      The mechanical ventricle with a sinusoidal driving waveform and smooth surface
      had the lowest hemolysis, HI equals 0.008 plus or minus 0.003 (plus or minus 1
      SD) (N equals 6). Sack ventricles caused marked hemolysis if the walls touched
      during systole. Ventricular dimensions varied: weight 116 to 700 g, length 9.2 to
      18.7 cm, and volume 235 to 430 ml. Performance data was returned to each
      individual laboratory which resulted in modification of ventricular design in at
      least three instances. Comparative, standardized testing of artificial ventricles
      may shorten development time and provide performance criteria for application in
      man.

PMID- 1095092
TI  - Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky.

PMID- 1095093
TI  - Network thermodynamics. An overview.

PMID- 1095094
TI  - Mediterranean macrothrombocytopenia.
AB  - Platelet count, platelet size, and circulating platelet biomass concentration
      estimates made with an erythrocyte-calibrated electronic sizing system on EDTA
      anticoagulated blood samples gave population medians and 95% ranges for 145
      asymptomatic Mediterranean and 200 healthy Northern European subjects. The
      Mediterraneans had lower platelet counts [161,000 (89,000-290,000)/mul compared
      with 219,000 (148,000-323,000)/mul] and higher arithmetic mean volumes [17.8
      (10.8-29.2) cu mum compared with 12.4 (9.9-15.6) cu mum], while the individual
      lognormal platelet size distribution profiles were comparable [geomatric standard
      deviations of 1.78 (1.60-1.98) against 1.70 (1.54-1.88)]; and the platelet
      biomass concentrations, given by count per microliter times mean volume times 10-
      minus 7 and expressed as a volumetric percentage of whole blood, were almost
      identical [0.286% (0.216%-0.379%) against 0.272% (0.201%-0.367%)]. Mediterranean
      macrothrombocytopenia is, therefore, considered a benign morphologic variant that
      requires differentiation from thrombocytopenias in which the circulating platelet
      biomass concentration is decreased.

PMID- 1095095
TI  - Selected list of books and journals for the small medical library.
AB  - This revised list of 446 books and 137 journals is intended as a selection guide
      for small or medium-sized hospital libraries or for the small medical library
      serving a specified clientele. Books and journals are categorized by subject,
      with the books being followed by an author index and the journals by an
      alphabetical title listing. Items suggested for initial purchase by smaller
      libraries are indicated by an asterisk. To purchase the entire collection of
      books and to pay for annual subscriptions to all the journals would require an
      expenditure for about $14,500. The cost of only the asterisked items recommended
      for first purchase totals approximately $4,100.

PMID- 1095096
TI  - Science-specialty literatures their legendary contemporary polarity, based on the
      transmission of information between generations.
AB  - Each of fifteen scientific specialty fields was represented by a journal and the
      percent of "legendary" papers (those with at least one reference twenty-five or
      more years old) was calculated for each field. Non-legendary papers were
      designated as "contemporary". A historical divergence was uncovered when the
      highly legendary field, physiology, was compared with the highly contemporary
      field, microbiology, both fields being moderately contemporary in 1922. The
      legendary contemporary field characteristics of a field are useful for estimating
      libraries' requirements for back holdings and for appraising literature searches.

PMID- 1095097
TI  - Past presidents I have known.
AB  - This paper is an account of the accomplishments of some of the early past
      presidents of the Medical Library Association known personally to the author in
      his career as a medical librarian. It demonstrates the qualities that made these
      librarians leaders of our profession and also indicates their personal attributes
      that contributed to the advancement of medical librarianship. It is hoped that
      the historical presentation of some of the giants of our profession will inspire
      present and future presidents and other medical librarians with an understanding
      of some of the qualities necessary to the continuing success of our profession.

PMID- 1095098
TI  - Comparison of skin erythemas under two different fractionation schemes.
AB  - This paper reports the results of a prospective clinical trial comparing 200 rads
      daily five times weekly for four weeks with 400 rads twice weekly for four weeks.
      Total dose in the first case was 4,000 rads and in the second 3,200 rads. Thirty
      patients threated palliatively for bronchial carcinoma are involved in this
      report. Treatment was given at 220 kV and the intensity of skin erythema at the
      end of the treatment was the measure of comparison. Generally 200 rads daily five
      times weekly for four weeks produced more intense erythema than the other scheme
      used.

PMID- 1095099
TI  - Obituaries:.

PMID- 1095100
TI  - Proceedings: Evidence for the structure and localization of radiosensitive sites
      in bacteria.

PMID- 1095101
TI  - Whole body potassium in patients with ureterosigmoid anastomoses.
AB  - Total body potassium was measured by whole body counting in 11 patients with
      uretero-sigmoid anastomoses who had undergone cystectomy 4 months to 13 years
      previously. The measured total body potassium was not significantly different in
      any of the patients from the "normal" value for the individual patients,
      predicted from height and age. It was only significantly different from that
      predicted from height, age and weight in 1 patient. In the series as a whole, the
      measured values of whole body potassium were not significantly different from the
      "normal" values estimated by either relationship. From measurements of skinfold
      thickness, the lean body mass of each patient was estimated. The mean potassium
      content, 62-0 mEg/kg LBM in the male patients was within the normal range. The
      absence of potassium depletion may derive from the successful abolition of
      hyperchloraemic acidosis by long-term alkali therapy.

PMID- 1095102
TI  - Oestrogen therapy and serum cortisol in carcinoma of the prostate.
AB  - Patients with prostatic cancer, receiving oestrogen therapy were found to have
      elevated serum cortisol levels and lymphopenia. Oestrogens are known to have a
      profound effect on the immune system; the possibility that this effect is
      mediated through the adrenal cortex is discussed. The significance of these
      findings, however, remains to be determined.

PMID- 1095103
TI  - Serial Fluorine-18 bone scans in the follow-up of carcinoma of the prostate.
AB  - 74 patients with prostatic cancer were studied annually by combined radiological
      and fluorine-18 scan survey over a 5-year period. The results of the long term
      follow-up of bone cans is reported. At the time of the initial diagnosis 71-5% of
      the patients had advanced disease and 56% had radiological or scan evidence of
      metastases. A critical evaluation of the scans resulted in the detection of early
      bone lesions in 25% of patients with no radiological evidence of metastases.
      Follow-up of these patients has shown that scan abnormalities preceded
      radiological changes from between 1 to 4 years and there was good correlation
      proven histologically by bone biopsy or autopsy in more than half of the
      patients. In patients with a positive bone scan and positive X-rays the scan
      abnormalities were more extensive than the corresponding X-ray lesions. When bone
      healing occurred with endocrine treatment this was more readily apparent on the X
      rays. False negative scans were not seen with fluorine-18 which allows for
      greater accuracy in the detection of skeletal metastases. Bone scanning has
      enabled correct staging to be carried out. This study confirms the high incidence
      of cardiac and vascular complications in patients treated with oestrogens.

PMID- 1095104
TI  - Fallopian tube as ureteral substitute in a living donor renal allograft.

PMID- 1095105
TI  - The concentration of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim in human prostate gland.
AB  - Sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim concentrations were measured in 19 enucleated
      human prostate glands. Good concentrations of sulphamethoxazole were found after
      4 days of treatment: the ratio of plasma concentration to that of prostate varied
      from 1-25 to 3-29. The trimethoprim concentrations were 2 to 3 times higher in
      the prostate than in the plasma. These high concentrations were reached very
      rapidly after the first dose of trimethoprim. The results are compared with date
      from the literature. The combination sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim should be of
      value in the treatment of bacterial prostatitis.

PMID- 1095106
TI  - Vas anastomosis: a return to simplicity.
AB  - Vas anastomosis is successful in restoring sperm to the ejaculate in 80 to 90% of
      cases. A simple, end-to-end, mucosa-to-mucosa anastomosis performed with non
      absorbable, monofilament sutures is, in the author's opinion, the best procedure.
      Pregnancies follow in about one-third of the cases.

PMID- 1095107
TI  - Ampicillin, carbenicillin indanyl ester, and nifuratel in the treatment of
      urinary infection in domiciliary practice.
AB  - A total of 120 patients, including 53 pregnant women with significant
      bacteriuria, received 163 7-day courses of oral antimicrobial agents allocated in
      a randomised manner. The cure rates after 6 weeks' follow-up ranged from 73% to
      86%, and there was no statistical difference between preparations of ampicillin,
      carbenicillin indanyl easter, and 2 different formulations of nifuratel. Side
      effects occurred in 30% to 40% of the courses of penicillin drugs, but in under
      15% of the course of nifuratel. It is concluded that the new oral preparation of
      carbenicillin is a useful addition to the list of antimicrobial agents which are
      effective in the treatment of urinary infections in domiciliary patients.
      Furthermore, nifuratel has been confirmed as a highly active non-toxic drug which
      is valuable in the treatment of urinary infections.

PMID- 1095108
TI  - Intra-arterial infusion of Solcoseryl: a clinical trial of a method of treatment
      for pre-gangrene of the lower limb.
AB  - A randomized double blind trial of the drug Solcoseryl given by intra-arterial
      infusion was carried out on 57 patients with pre-gangrene of the lower limb. A
      sequential analysis was carried out and the trial stopped when the results showed
      a statistically significant result in favour of the active drug.

PMID- 1095109
TI  - The construction of a skin-lined hemithorax in pigs.
AB  - The feasibility of creating a skin-lined hemithorax was tested in 6 pigs. All the
      pigs survived intrapleural skin grafting, and within 3 weeks they doubled their
      mean initial weight from 16-3 plus or minus 1-6 kg to 32-4 plus or minus 2-6 kg.
      In 4 (out of 4) pigs the skin-lined cavity was opened successfully to the
      exterior; it had reproduced closely the contour of the hemithorax. It is
      concluded that it is feasible to construct a skin-lined hemithorax with a mean
      volume of 276-3 plus or minus 19-6 ml in pigs, whose mean body weigh was 37-5
      plus or minus 2.5 kg. This confirms earlier work in the rat.

PMID- 1095110
TI  - Diagnosis, clinical course and treatment of acute dermal gangrene.
AB  - Twenty patients with acute dermal gangrene following surgery, trauma or sepsis
      are described. In 12 the skin became gangrenous secondary to a necrotizing
      process affecting the subdermal fascia, and in 8 the condition arose primarily in
      the skin. In the first group mortality was high unless radical excision of the
      necrotic fascia was performed at an early stage; in 3 of the recent patients the
      overlying skin was removed, defatted and stored for later grafting. In the second
      group, incision and adequate drainage combined with antibiotics seemed to
      suffice. Hyperbaric oxygen was of dubious value in the first group but appeared
      to contribute to arrest of the lesion in the second group.

PMID- 1095111
TI  - Wound infections due to Bacteroides fragilis following intestinal surgery.
AB  - Ninety-six wound infections due to Bacteroides fragilis occurring after
      intestinal surgery are described. Most infections followed appendicectomy or
      colectomy for diverticulitis. B. fragilis was isolated in pure growth from 47 per
      cent of infections, and in mixed culture the other common bacteria were
      Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp. Fifty-three per cent of
      the infections responded rapidly to either non-specific measures or antibiotic
      therapy, but 47 per cent of patients developed complications, usually abscess
      formation. The successful isolation of bacteroides from clinical material
      requires special precautions. The specimen for bacteriological examination must
      be sent to the laboratory in a transport medium which maintains an anaerobic
      environment and the culture techniques must include a selective agar for the
      isolation of anaerobic bacteria. The role of antibiotic therapy in preventing
      postoperative wound infection after intestinal surgery is discussed. Bacteroides
      has an unusualy pattern of antibiotic susceptibility and it is essential that an
      effective antibiotic such as lincomycin is included in the treatment of infection
      originating from the intestinal tract.

PMID- 1095112
TI  - "Topical nephropathy" and "tropical extramembranous glomerulonephritis" of
      unknown aetiology in Senegal.
AB  - A study of renal biopsy specimens obtained in Senegal from 24 children and six
      adults with nephrotic syndrome showed two unusual varieties of nephropathy-
      namely, an extramembranous glomerulonephritis associated with hypocomplementaemia
      (four cases), a combination previously described only in systemic lupus
      erythematosus, and a "tropical nephropathy" (16 cases). The latter, though
      lacking the diffuse glomerular deposits of immunoglobulin described in quartan
      malarial nephropathy (Q.M.N.), showed a curious progressive and segmental
      glomerulosclerosis, characterized by a "flaking" or fibrillary splitting of the
      glomerular capillary wall, seen in Q.M.N. Serological evidence of malaria was
      lacking in a third of the childhood cases.

PMID- 1095113
TI  - Mitigation of amphotericin B nephrotoxicity by mannitol.
AB  - Renal transplant recipients are susceptible to a number of fungal infections
      amenable to therapy with amphotericin B, but azotaemia is an almost invariable
      sequel to the use of this agent. As intravenous mannitol has been shown to
      minimize nephrotoxicity induced by amphotericin B in dogs we treated four kidney
      transplant recipients who had systemic fungal infections with mannitol and
      amphotericin B. None showed significant reduction in renal function though a mild
      metabolic acidosis did develop.

PMID- 1095114
TI  - First results of a randomized clinical trial of fast neutrons compared with X or
      gamma rays in treatment of advanced tumours of the head and neck. Report to the
      Medical Research Council.
AB  - Results of the first randomized clinical trial to compare the effects of fast
      neutrons and those of x or gamma rays (photons) in treating patients with
      advanced tumours of the head and neck are reported. In 37 out of 52 patients
      treated with neutrons and 16 out of 50 treated with photons the local tumour
      completely regressed; the tumour later recurred in nine of the 16 photon patients
      but in none of the 37 neutron patients. The advantages to the neutron-treated
      patients were seen in tumours of well and poorly differentiated histology and in
      each site. Complications after treatment did not differ significantly between the
      groups. Despite these substantial differences in local control of the tumour
      there were no significant differences in mortality between the series. A detailed
      study of the effective doses and the response of tumours and normal tissue in
      each series indicated that the improved results from neutron therapy were due to
      differences in the biological quality of the beam and not to the rather higher
      average effective dose in the neutron series. To assess the long-term effects of
      neutron treatment patients in earlier stages of disease and with smaller tumours
      should be included in the next phase of the trial.

PMID- 1095115
TI  - Use of computer program for diagnosing jaundice in district hospitals and
      specialized liver unit.
AB  - A computer-assisted model for diagnosing jaundice has been adapted for use on the
      University of London C.D.C. 7600 computer via an on-line terminal at King's
      College Hospital to provide a rapid turn-round time. The model was used
      prospectively in the diagnosis of 219 patients--135 seen in a specialized liver
      unit and 84 seen in one of four district hospitals in south-east London--with an
      overall accuracy in distinguishing among 11 different causes of jaundice of 69%
      and 62% respectively. These figures rose to 77% and 88% respectively when only
      those patients in whom the final diagnosis reached a "certain" probability were
      considered. When used to distinguish between a medical and a surgical cause of
      jaundice the accuracy was 86% in the liver unit and 77% in the district
      hospitals, rising to 95% in both series for those with a diagnosis of certain
      probability. The proposed improvements to the model--namely, the use of two
      deparate data bases and more diagnoses within the matrix--should be improve the
      accuracy even further. In practice the rapid feedback to the clinicians looking
      after patients provided help in managing difficult cases.

PMID- 1095116
TI  - Use of biochemical profile in children's hospital: results of two controlled
      trials.
AB  - Two controlled trials of the use of a biochemical profile were conducted in a
      childern's hospital to see whether the profile led to diagnoses which would not
      otherwise [have been made and to see what effect it had on the number of extra 
      requests for pathololgical investigations and the length of stay in hospital].
      Altogether 2816 children were examined and 13 new diagnoses made. There was a
      significant increases in the total number of pathorequests but the profile did
      not alter the length of stay in hospital. We conclude that the profile mad only a
      small contribtuion to the overall care of the pateints.

PMID- 1095117
TI  - Loperamide and ileostomy output--placebo-controled double-blind crossover study.

PMID- 1095118
TI  - Diagnosis of gastric cancer.
AB  - A prospective comparison was made of the accuracy of different diagnostic methods
      for gastric cancer. The basis of the study was a consecutive series of 113
      patients thought to have gastric pathology; cancer was the final diagnosis in 32.
      Endoscopy and radiology were the most accurate investigations, whereas biopsy,
      cytology, and clinical examination gave disappointing results. A wide range of
      clinical features and laboratory investigations were studied in all patients in
      an attempt to identify criteria suggestive of malignancy. Multifactorial computer
      analysis of these investigations failed to improve upon the radiological
      diagnosis. A systemic approach designed to make optimal use of limited endoscopic
      and histopathological resources in the diagnosis of gastric lesions is presented.

PMID- 1095119
TI  - Editorial: Cardiac implantation.

PMID- 1095120
TI  - Editorial: Adolescent kidney donors.

PMID- 1095121
TI  - Comparative trial of nafoxidine and ethinyloestradiol in advanced breast cancer:
      an E.O.R.T.C. study.
AB  - A randomized clinical trial of nafoxidine, a non-steroidal oestrogen antagonist,
      and ethinyloestradiol in postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer
      produced objective remissions in 31% of 49 women receiving nafoxidine and in 14%
      of 49 receiving ethinyloestradiol. The differences in remission rates was almost
      significant (0.05 less than P less than 0.10). Life-threatening complications
      were more frequent with ethinyloestradiol than with nafoxidine but the latter
      produced specific toxic reactions on skin and hair that may limit its practical
      usefulness. Synthetic oestrogen antagonists may occupy a privileged place in the
      treatment of breast cancer, and other representatives of this new class of
      compounds should be accurately assessed in randomized clinical trials.

PMID- 1095122
TI  - Controlled clinical trial of L-dopa and nafoxidine in advanced breast cancer: an
      E.O.R.T.C. study.
AB  - L-Dopa lowers plasma prolactin levels, and there have been reports that patients
      with advanced breast cancer have been successfully treated with L-dopa. To test
      the potential value of L-dopa in this disease a randomized clinical trial of L
      dopa and nafoxidine (as the reference compound) was conducted in postmenopausal
      women with advanced breast cancer. Objective remissions were obtained in sever
      out of 36 patients (19%) treated with nafoxidine but in none out of 40 patients
      treated with L-dopa. L-Dopa in the dose schedule used seems to be ineffective in
      advanced breast cancer.

PMID- 1095123
TI  - Thomas Gann in the Maya ruins.

PMID- 1095124
TI  - H. A. Raeburn M.D., D.P.H., F.R.C.P.ED., F.F.C.M.

PMID- 1095125
TI  - H. V. Morlock M.C., M.D., F.R.C.P.

PMID- 1095126
TI  - D. J. Guthrie D. LITT., M.D., F.R.C.P.ED., F.R.C.S.ED., F.R.S.E.

PMID- 1095127
TI  - Max Sorsby L.M.S.S.A., M.R.C.G.P.

PMID- 1095128
TI  - RA Beaver.

PMID- 1095129
TI  - W. S. M. Graig.

PMID- 1095130
TI  - Kidney transplants and the law.

PMID- 1095131
TI  - Editorial: Colchicine in familial Mediterranean fever.

PMID- 1095132
TI  - Duration of treatment for urinary tract infections in children.
AB  - In a double-blind trial 45 children aged 6 months to 14 years with Escherichia
      coli infections of the urinary tract were given co-trimoxazole for two weeks and
      then allotted at random to one of two treatment groups for the remainder of six
      months; one continued with the active drug and the other with dummy tablets of
      identical appearance. Of the 24 children who took co-trimoxazole for two weeks
      and the 21 who took it for six months, 11 and 10, respectively, remained without
      further infections for at least a year. Over 90% of the reinfections occurred
      within five months of stopping the antibiotics, and the longer treatment did not
      cause any delay in their appearance. Thus probably a six-month course of
      treatment is no more likely to achieve a cure than a two-week course;
      nevertheless, no infection occurred during treatment, and there may be an
      advantage in continuing with antibiotics in small dosage.

PMID- 1095133
TI  - Indomethacin--aspirin interaction: a clinical appraisal.
AB  - Plasma profiles of indomethacin after a 50-mg oral dose were constructed in six
      healthy volunteers before and after a week of aspirin treatment. Aspirin did not
      interfere with indomethacin plasma levels. To examine the clinical effect of
      concurrent indomethacin and aspirin treatment 20 patients with seropositive
      rheumatoid arthritis were given indomethacin 100 mg/day, aspirin soluble 4 g/day,
      and the two drugs taken together in random order. Analysis of the clinical
      indices of inflammation--articular index and mean pain score--and of the efficacy
      of each treatment showed no significant differences between the three treatment
      groups. With the proliferation in the number of anti-rheumatic drugs available,
      the case for giving two or more nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs concurrently
      remains unproved.

PMID- 1095134
TI  - Prophylactic fluoride treatment and aged bones.
AB  - In a double-blind trial with monofluorophosphate (25 mg fluoride per day) given
      to 460 aged persons (237 treated, 233 control) for eight months no difference was
      observed in height, admission to hospital, or mortality. Fractures and
      exacerbation of arthrosis were more frequent in the fluoride group. Vertebral x
      ray films showed no difference. The free ionized fluoride levels in the plasma of
      the fluoride-treated group were still twice as high two months after treatment
      ended. Fluoride treatment in the prophylaxis of osteoporosis is not recommended
      unless there is simultaneous measurement of plasma ionized fluoride levels.

PMID- 1095135
TI  - Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis.
AB  - A patient was admitted to hospital with an apparent psychiatric disturbance. When
      she became stuporous the cerebrospinal fluid was cultured but proved sterile. The
      latex test showed that serum was positive for cryptococcal antigens, and
      cryptococcal meningoencephalitis was diagnosed. Amphotericin B was given but when
      she developed a toxic reaction it was replaced by flucytosine. She responded well
      to flucytosine alone and no side effects appeared on continued treatment.
      Cryptococcal meningitis may present as a psychiatric disturbance, and serological
      tests are invaluable aids to diagnosis.

PMID- 1095136
TI  - Fifty years in Tavistock Square.

PMID- 1095137
TI  - Use of clomiphene and luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone-releasing
      hormone in investigation of ovulatory failure.
AB  - A luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH)
      test was performed in 70 women with amenorrhoea or anovulatory infertility, or
      both, and a clomiphene stimulation test was also performed in 24 of these
      patients. Most patients responded to LH/FSH-RH with significant increases in LH
      and FSH. In women with gonadal dysgenesis or premature ovarian failure
      exaggerated responses were observed after LH/FSH-RH and there was no change in
      high basal LH levels after clomiphene. Patients with absent or impaired responses
      to LH/FSH-RH failed to respond to clomiphene. All patients with anovulatory
      menstrual cycles responded to both LH/FSH-RH and clomiphene, while seven out of
      13 amenorrhoeic patients with a normal LH/FSH-RH response showed an early LH rise
      during clomiphene treatment and six were unresponsive. These results suggest a
      difference between the two groups at hypothalamic level with consequent
      therapeutic implications.

PMID- 1095138
TI  - Useful function of "non-functioning" renal homograft.

PMID- 1095139
TI  - Letter: Gold therapy in 1975.

PMID- 1095140
TI  - Letter: Tolamolol in treatment of angina pectoris.

PMID- 1095141
TI  - E.G. Slesinger.

PMID- 1095142
TI  - S.H.G. Humfrey.

PMID- 1095143
TI  - A study of yaws among pygmies in Cameroon and Zaire.
AB  - In a survey of 333 pygmies in the Cameroon 4.5 percent. were found to have
      clinical evidence of yaws. This was also found in 10 per cent. of the inhabitants
      of camps in Zaire. The results of VDRL and FTA-ABS tests on a sample of the
      population are presented. These provide evidence of a very high incidence of
      treponemal disease, 80 to 90 percent. of the population showing serological
      evidence of infection. Active transmission is taking place in both areas but more
      frequently in Zaire.

PMID- 1095145
TI  - Failure to infect gnotobiotic colostrum-deprived, and normal piglets with
      Treponema pallidum (Nichols).
AB  - Normal piglets kept at 16 degrees C. and gnotobiotic piglets kept at 32 degrees
      C. rapidly destroyed Treponema pallidum, while gnotobiotic piglets kept at 26
      degrees C. showed slightly slower clearance. No infections were established. The
      high body temperature of the piglets has an important influence on the survival
      of T. pallidum.

PMID- 1095144
TI  - Non-specific urethritis and the tetracyclines.
AB  - The possible aetiological factors in non-gonococcal and non-specific urethritis
      are reviewed. The response of NSU to various courses of different tetracycline
      drugs is assessed. Prolonged courses of treatment did not give better results
      than shorter courses. When reviewing the infective aetiology of non-gonococcal
      urethritis, it was noted that more than one organism (or potential pathogen)
      would be present in many cases. It is therefore surmised that there may be at
      times a mixed aetiology and at other times a truly non-specific aetiology.
      Isolations by different workers have indicated that the following organisms might
      be expected: Chlamydia 40 per cent.; Mycoplasma-M. hominis 20 per cent., T-strain
      over 60 per cent.; Trichomonas 15 per cent.; Candida possibly over 5 per cent.
      Truly non-specific urethritis may account for 25 to 30 per cent. of cases.

PMID- 1095146
TI  - Editorial. 1875-1975.

PMID- 1095147
TI  - Research in farm animal behaviour.

PMID- 1095148
TI  - Recent advances in microbial genetics.

PMID- 1095149
TI  - Gorge Fleming, C.B., LL.D., F.R.C.V.S. founder of The British Veterinary Journal.

PMID- 1095150
TI  - Octopamine neurons: morphology, release of octopamine and possible physiological
      role.

PMID- 1095151
TI  - GH-RIH-containing neural elements in the rat hypothalamus.

PMID- 1095152
TI  - An additional silver impregnation method for demonstration of degenerating nerve
      cells and processes in the central nervous system.
AB  - A new silver impregnation technique for frozen and paraffin sections of formalin
      fixed nervous tissue has been devised by modifying the Fink-Heimer14 and De Olmos
      Ingram6 methods. The modified versions have been combined into a single staining
      procedure. Cobalt or lead nitrate are substituted for uranyl nitrate. Silver
      nitrate in the impregnating solution is replaced by silver lactate or protargol.
      This procedure results in a preferential impregnation of degenerating perikarya,
      dendrites, axons and synaptic endings. It affords a more complete impregnation of
      'preterminal' axonal arborizations than previous methods. The method is effective
      for the demonstration of degenerating terminals in the rat cerebellar cortex.
      Emphasis has been laid on the usefulness of the method for the study of drug
      induced CNS lesions.

PMID- 1095153
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Viliam Horvath].

PMID- 1095154
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Stefan Velgos, D.D.S., D.Sc].

PMID- 1095155
TI  - [Oedema caused by polysaccharide complex (authors transl)].

PMID- 1095156
TI  - [Treatment of trichomoniasis with a single dose of Metronidazol SPOFA (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1095157
TI  - [The 50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Vladimir Kovalcik, C.Sc].

PMID- 1095158
TI  - [The 50th birthday of Leos Spissak, M.D].

PMID- 1095159
TI  - A method for prevention of cardiovascular reactions to laryngoscopy and
      intubation.
AB  - A technique of nebulizing lidocaine in the upper airways was developed and its
      effectiveness in preventing cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and
      intubation was documented. In ten pre-treated patients the average percentage
      rise in systolic blood pressure was 10.3 per cent and there were no arrhythmias.
      The pulse rate increased by 16.8 per cent. In ten control patients, the systolic
      blood pressure increased by 56 per cent and the incidence of arrhythmias was 40
      per cent. The pulse rate increased by 38.8 per cent. The significance and
      application of these results is discussed and compared to other available
      methods. The opinion is expressed that the effect of the aerosol, especially as
      it relates to the suppression of arrhythmias, is partly due to systemic
      absorption of lidocaine.

PMID- 1095160
TI  - The effects of continuous positive pressure ventilation on pulmonary oedema, gas
      exchange and lung mechanics.
AB  - The effect of continuous positive pressure ventilation was studied in 23 dogs in
      whom pulmonary oedema was induced by rapid intravenous infusion of dextran 40.
      CPPV slowed but did not prevent the formation of oedema. CPPV prevented or
      reversed the formation of liver-like areas in the dependent lobes, maintaining
      the oedematous lung compliant and aerated. This led to a reduction of shunt and
      an increase in PaO2. The use of CPPV decreased cardiac output and body oxygen
      consumption. Mixed venous oxygen tension was higher in dogs ventilated by CPPV
      and these dogs tolerated fulminant frothy oedema without distress.

PMID- 1095161
TI  - Effect of Innovar, fentanyl and droperidol on the cerebrospinal fluid pressure in
      neurosurgical patients.

PMID- 1095162
TI  - Serum free fatty acid and blood sugar levels in children under halothane,
      thiopentone and ketamine anaesthesia (comparative study).
AB  - Serum free fatty acid and blood glucose levels were determined in 30 children
      under halothane, thiopentone and ketamine anaesthesia. Blood sugar is increased
      above baseline values by halothane 54.75 per cent (+++), thiopentone 71.7 per
      cent (++++) and ketamine 12.2 per cent (+) anaesthesia. Serum free fatty acid was
      increased during halothane 58.7 per cent (+++) and thiopentone 34.4 per cent (++)
      anaesthesia, but was decreased with ketamine anaesthesia 13.4 per cent (-). It is
      assumed that several factors contribute to these changes and are related either
      to the sympathetic nervous system or basal metabolism and to the specific actions
      of each drug.

PMID- 1095163
TI  - Post-operative epidural analgesia: effects on lung volumes.
AB  - A study was undertaken to assess the role of post-operative pain in reducing
      Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) and Vital Capacity (VC). The efficacy of post
      operative epidural analgesia in reversing these changes was measured in eight
      subjects after upper abdominal operations. With pain, FRC and VC were 78 per cent
      and 37 per cent of control respectively. Following epidural analgesia, the values
      were 84 per cent and 55 per cent. These figures indicate the pain component in
      the post-operative reduction of these two lung capacities. This partial
      restoration may be of value in the prevention of post-operative pulmonary
      complications by avoiding closure of small airways during tidal breathing and by
      increasing the effectiveness of deep breathing and coughing in the removal of
      secretions and the reversal of atelectasis.

PMID- 1095164
TI  - Poly IC therapy in aleutian disease of mink.
AB  - Twenty-four virgin female aleutian mink were infected with aleutian disease agent
      and after 24 hours, 12 of these were treated with a course of polyinosinic acid
      polycytidilic acid (Poly IC) injections. After six weeks the gammaglobulin level
      was significantly lower in the treated group but at 12 weeks this difference was
      no longer present. Four of the treated mink had normal target organ histology
      when killed at 20 weeks. The untreated group all showed moderate to marked
      changes but this difference was not statistically significant. There was a marked
      increase in the reactive lymphocyte blastogenesis index during the first weeks of
      infection and the phytohaemagglutinin response was seen to fall progressively.
      The antiglobulin reaction usually became positive after infection but neither
      antinuclear nor antierythrocyte antibodies were found. Precipitating antibodies
      to several polynucleotides were frequently present and were unrelated to
      infection or to Poly IC treatment.

PMID- 1095165
TI  - Factors affecting renal cortical blood flow. A review.

PMID- 1095166
TI  - Breast-feeding: should it be recommended?

PMID- 1095167
TI  - Etiologic and functional aspects of thyroid cancer.

PMID- 1095168
TI  - [Letter: Taplow: the end of an epoch].

PMID- 1095169
TI  - Evacuated blood-collection tubes--the backflow hazard.
AB  - Five cases of nosocomial infection caused by Serratia marcescens were traced to
      backflow of blood from nonsterile evacuated blood-collection tubes. The mechanism
      of backflow was investigated theoretically and the conditions were determined
      under which backflow can occur. The theory was confirmed by experiments conducted
      on a simulated venous system and by measurements of the venous pressure in the
      brachial vein of a patient during application and removal of a tourniquet.
      Various possible solutions to the backflow hazard include strict adherence to
      correct venipuncture technique, sterilization of all blood-collection tubes,
      improvement of the vacuum in the tubes and incorporation of a check valve into
      the system.

PMID- 1095170
TI  - Beclomethasone dipropionate in asthma.
AB  - Beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol therapy can replace or diminish systemic
      corticosteroid therapy in the majority of asthmatics. In a clinical trial of 41
      patients with perennial asthma, the 10 who had not required long-term
      corticosteroid therapy improved symptomatically and in pulmonary function. Of the
      31 who had required prolonged systemic corticosteroid therapy 12 were able to
      discontinue oral prednisone therapy, 15 were able to decrease the maintenance
      dose of prednisone and only 4 were unable to decrease the dose; all maintained
      satisfactory lung function and some showed improvement. Discontinuation of
      systemic corticosteroid therapy was accomplished more readily in patients whose
      daily maintenance dose was less than 15 mg and who had been taking the drug for
      less than 3 years. Side effects consisted of a "dry throat" in seven patients,
      two of whom had throat infections with Candida albicans. Recurrence of rhinitis
      after discontinuation or reduction of systemic corticosteroid therapy was noted
      in 11 patients.

PMID- 1095171
TI  - The permanent Tenckhoff catheter for chronic peritoneal dialysis.
AB  - Over a 3 1/2-year period the permanent Tenckhoff catheter was used in 66 patients
      (32 men and 34 women) maintained on chronic peritoneal dialysis for periods from
      2 1/2 to 36 1/2 months; 57 patients had dialysis in hospital for 20 to 24 hours
      twice a week and the other 9 had dialysis at home for 10 to 12 hours four times a
      week. While the Tenckhoff catheter was in place 14 patients received a renal
      transplant; for 13 who required peritoneal dialysis during the post-transplant
      phase the Tenckhoff catheter was used. In nine patients abdominal surgery did not
      interfere with the continuation of peritoneal dialysis via the Tenckhoff
      catheter. From a total of 5067 dialyses 40 positive cultures were reported
      (0.8%). Peritonitis was clinically evident on only 14 occasions (0.28%).
      Permanent catheter obstruction developed in 16 patients, in 11 of whom it was
      related to peritonitis. With the introduction of the permanent Tenckhoff catheter
      long-term peritoneal dialysis has become a simple, safe and painless procedure,
      suitable for virtually all patients who require maintenance dialysis.

PMID- 1095172
TI  - Dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

PMID- 1095173
TI  - Medicare $ restrictions.

PMID- 1095175
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Lubor Jilek, M,D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1095176
TI  - [25th anniversary of the death of Soviet surgeon I.I. Dzhanelidze].

PMID- 1095174
TI  - Mycotoxins of possible importance in diseases of Canadian farm animals.

PMID- 1095177
TI  - [Development and building up of Czechoslovak otorhinolaryngology during the past
      30 years].

PMID- 1095178
TI  - [Thomayer's double].

PMID- 1095179
TI  - [In memory of Prof. M. Seeman, M.D. D.Sc].

PMID- 1095180
TI  - [Casopis lekaru ceskych 50 years ago].

PMID- 1095181
TI  - [Criteria for evaluating kidney viability before transplantation(author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1095182
TI  - [Relation of early graft failure to prognosis of transplanted kidney (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1095183
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. P. Malek, M.D.D.Sc. member correspondent of the CSAS
      (Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences)].

PMID- 1095184
TI  - [30 years of the Czechoslovak Cardiological Society in liberated Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1095185
TI  - [Simon Partlic of Spicberg and his medical activities (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095186
TI  - [100th anniversary of Dr. Albert Schweitzer's birthday].

PMID- 1095188
TI  - [Political and economical development as the basis for successes of the
      Czechoslovak health services].

PMID- 1095187
TI  - [Gratitude to Czechoslovak and Soviet health personnel].

PMID- 1095189
TI  - [Development of organizational principles of Soviet health services within a
      period of 30 years].

PMID- 1095190
TI  - [25 years of activity of the World Health Organization in the field of health
      education].

PMID- 1095191
TI  - [Participation of physicians and other health personnel in the Prague
      insurrection in May 1945 and activity of the Repatriation Commision up to Setp
      30, 1945].

PMID- 1095192
TI  - [The most beautiful spring].

PMID- 1095193
TI  - [30 years in development of Czechoslovak immunology].

PMID- 1095194
TI  - [Kamil Henner - Founder of modern neurology. In memory of his unreached 80th
      birthday].

PMID- 1095195
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Jaroslav Lhotak, C.Sc].

PMID- 1095196
TI  - [30 years of Czechoslovak diabetology].

PMID- 1095197
TI  - [Mazindol, an anorectic of a new series, in the treatment of obesity (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1095198
TI  - [60th birthday of colonel Artur Flach, M.D].

PMID- 1095199
TI  - [30 years of gynecoligical care in the socialist health service].

PMID- 1095200
TI  - [Ancient toilet facilities].

PMID- 1095201
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Jan Cerveansky, M.D., Jan 29, 1905].

PMID- 1095202
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Ladislav Chmel, M.D., D.Sc. member correspondent of the
      Slovak Academy of Sciences, Mar 2, 1915].

PMID- 1095203
TI  - [60the birthday of chief Physician Karel Bergmann, M.D., C.Sc., Mar 7, 1915].

PMID- 1095204
TI  - Compartments and cell flows within the mouse haemopoietic system. II. Estimated
      rates of interchange.
AB  - Part-body irradiated CBA mice were injected with CBA-T6 bone marrow. In this way
      a predominantly donor population was established in the femora while the marrow
      of the humeri remained largely (average 94%) of host origin. In animals examined
      cytologically up to 2 years later, no tendency was observed for the proportion of
      donor cells in the humeri to increase. Splenectomy had no effect on this. When
      femoral bone marrow from the experimental mice was injected into lethally (whole
      body) irradiated recipients, cells originating from the primary host repopulated
      the lymph nodes to a disproportionate extent. Equilibration between the cell
      populations of femora and humeri occurred after re-exposure to 600 rad whole-body
      irradiation, but not after 100 rad or 350 rad; thus, regeneration of damaged bone
      marrow involved a significant contribution from extrinsic stem cells only after
      the highest dose of radiation. The data are compatible with an inflow of at most
      ten effective stem cells per humerus per day from the blood, and suggest a much
      lower figure. This means that few if any of the stem cells of peripheral blood
      enter the bone marrow and found haemopoietic clones. Evidence is adduced for the
      existence of a proliferating lymphoid sub-population in the bone marrow,
      contributing some 5-10% of the observed mitoses. The mitotic cells in the lymph
      nodes are replaced from marrow-derived progenitors at an estimated rate of 4
      5%/day. The relevant data for the thymus are more variable, but suggest an
      average figure of 8-11%/day. Earlier data from mouse parabionts suggest a lower
      rate of inflow to the thymus.

PMID- 1095205
TI  - Smoking - its blesssings and hazards.

PMID- 1095206
TI  - Letter: Jane Helena Daly.

PMID- 1095207
TI  - Plague in Rhodesia.

PMID- 1095208
TI  - Recent developments in the history of plague.

PMID- 1095209
TI  - Medical care in Victorian Britain before 1850.

PMID- 1095210
TI  - Recognition sequences of repressor and polymerase in the operators of
      bacteriophage lambda.
AB  - Nucleotide sequences in two wild-type and six mutant operators in the DNA of
      phage lambda are compared. Strikingly similar 17 base pair units are found which
      we identify as the repressor binding sites. Each operator contains multiple
      repressor binding sites separated by A-T rich spacers. Elements of 2 fold
      rotational symmetry are present in each of the sites. Superimposed on each
      operator is an E. coli RNA polymerase recognition site (promoter). Similarities
      in the sequences of the two lambda promoters, a lac promoter, and an E. coli RNA
      polymerase recognition site in SV40 DNA are noted.

PMID- 1095211
TI  - Leukocyte migration inhibition in agarose.

PMID- 1095212
TI  - Modulation of antibody synthesis by cholera exotoxin: influence on helper
      thymocytes.

PMID- 1095213
TI  - Specific MIF release by rat lymphocytes following incubation with syngeneic anti
      tumor "immune" RNA.

PMID- 1095214
TI  - Functional heterogeneity among the T-derived lymphocytes of the mouse. III.
      Helper and suppressor T-cells activated by concanavalin A.

PMID- 1095215
TI  - Antigen binding to lymphoid cells from unimmunized mice. IV. Shedding and
      reappearance of multiple antigen binding Ig receptors of T- and B-lymphocytes.

PMID- 1095216
TI  - Suppression of a thymus dependent hymoral response in mice by concanavalin A in
      vivo.

PMID- 1095217
TI  - Studies on accessory cells in the adoptive antibody response to sheep
      erythrocytes in mice.

PMID- 1095218
TI  - Bone marrow determination of complement dependent and complement independent
      cellular cytotoxcity.

PMID- 1095219
TI  - Estimation of relative antibody affinity at the level of the antibody-secreting
      cell during maturation of the immune response.

PMID- 1095220
TI  - [50th birthday of Vojtech Parrak, Pharm.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1095221
TI  - [50th anniversary of the birthday of Josef Stanek, Phar.D].

PMID- 1095222
TI  - [60th birthday of Assistant Prof. J. Danda, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1095223
TI  - [Significance of the 30th anniversary of the liberation of Czechoslovakia and the
      participation of physicians and health personnel 1945-1975].

PMID- 1095224
TI  - [Gynecological and maternal care in Czechoslovakia during the last 30 years].

PMID- 1095225
TI  - [Significance of the personality of Assistant Prof. M. Vojta, M.D., D.Sc. during
      the period of 30 year building socialist obstetrics and gynecology].

PMID- 1095226
TI  - [The 60th birthday of Assistant Prof. Jan Herold, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1095227
TI  - [In memory of Adolf Lukl, M.D., honorary member of the Czechoslovak Society for
      Gynecology and Obstetrics].

PMID- 1095228
TI  - [600th birthday of Prof. Frantisek Santavy, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1095229
TI  - [Origin of the 1st autonomic department of pediatric neurology in
      Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1095230
TI  - [75th birthday of Prof. Jan Knobloch, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1095231
TI  - [Nosocomial incidence of infections caused by E. coli O 111 on the premature
      infant ward].

PMID- 1095232
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Jaroslav Lhotak, C.Sc., Jun 19, 1911 - Apr 21, 1975].

PMID- 1095233
TI  - [In memory of Chief Physician Pavol Fabian].

PMID- 1095235
TI  - [Mouth mucosa and stomatitis in the Soviet literature in the years 1960-1973].

PMID- 1095234
TI  - [Problem of the neck lock in cast fixed dentures].

PMID- 1095236
TI  - [In memory of Prof. V. Stasek, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1095237
TI  - [50th birthday of Chief Physician Emil Prunyi, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1095238
TI  - Effect of 5-bromodeoxyuridine on the transcriptional properties of the genome in
      WI-38 human diploid fibroblasts.
AB  - Growth of WI-38 diploid fibroblasts in a medium containing 5-bromodeoxyuridine
      (BrdU) resulted in an increased GMP and a decreased AMP incorporation into the
      RNA synthesised in vitro on a chromatin template. This effect was similar to that
      previously reported using 3T6 mouse fibroblasts-1. Substitution of thymidine by
      BrdU in DNA, also altered the characteristics of the DNA template itself, since
      the increased incorporation of guanine and decreased incorporation of adenine
      into RNA were evident also when purified, isolated DNA was used as template. The
      extent of replacement of AMP by GMP was proportional to the extent of replacement
      of thymidine by BrdU. Although there are variations in the base composition of
      RNA transcribed from BrdU-containing DNA templates, there are no significant
      difference in overall template activity or in the number of available chromatin
      binding sites for E. coli RNA polymerase. Confluent monolayers of BrdU-treated WI
      38 fibroblasts are still able to respond with cell proliferation to a change of
      medium, as evidenced by an increased incorporation of (-3H)thymidine and an
      increase in chromatin template activity. The length of the prereplicative phase
      is similar in both BrdU-treated and untreated cells, although the magnitude of
      the increase of (-3H)thymidine incorporation is reduced by approximately 30%
      after BrdU treatment. The increase in chromatin template activity is associated
      with an increase in the number of chromatin binding sites for E. COLI RNA
      polymerase, suggesting that the presence of BrdU does not interfere with the
      availability of initiation sites or alter the actual rate of transcription.

PMID- 1095239
TI  - Differential effect of phenobarbitone, pregnenolone-16-a-carbonitrile and
      adinoacetonitrile on dialkylnitrosamine metabolism and mutagenicity in vitro.

PMID- 1095240
TI  - Specific excision of ethylated purines from DNA of Escherichia coli treated with
      N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea.

PMID- 1095241
TI  - Use of repair-deficient E. coli strains and liver microsomes to characterize
      mutagenesis by dimethylnitrosamine.

PMID- 1095242
TI  - The interaction of natural tetra-azacyclopentazulene dyes with DNA and their
      effects on the DNA and RNA polymerase reactions.
AB  - The interaction of two natural tetra-azacyclopentazulene dyes with native calf
      thymus DNA was studied by means of microcalorimetric, viscosimetric, and
      spectroscopic measurements. The results are consistent with the hypothesis of an
      intercalative-binding. However, comparison of calorimetric studies shows that the
      changes in enthalpy associated with the interaction of these compounds with DNA
      are, in absolute value, significantly lower than those found with known
      intercalating agnets (daunomycin, ethidium bromide).  The influence of these dyes
      on the template capacity of DNA in the in vitro synthesis of nucleic acids was
      also determined.  Under the conditions used, these compounds selectively
      inhibited DNA synthesis.  No appreciable inhibitory effect upon E. coli RNA
      polymerase was observed.  Both compounds had greater inhibitory effect on rat
      liver high molecular weight DNA polymerase than E. coli DNA polymerase I. 
      Zoanthoxanthin was a more effective inhibitor than 3-norzoanthoxanthin.

PMID- 1095243
TI  - Medical gleanings from the Mahavamsa.

PMID- 1095244
TI  - Obituary. Prof. K. Rajasuriya M.D. (Cey.), D.C.H. (Lond.), F.R.C.P. (Lond.).

PMID- 1095245
TI  - The effect of intracoronary injection of contrast medium upon coronary blood
      flow.
AB  - The changes in coronary blood flow in response to intracoronary injection of 3 ml
      of 76% Renografin were studied in 47 patients using the thermodilution technique
      for continuous measurement of coronary sinus blood flow. Within seconds after
      left coronary injection, an increase in coronary sinus flow began which peaked at
      an average of 53% above control in 5-10 seconds. There was a corresponding
      decrease in coronary resistance. Flow returned to control level in almost all
      patients within one minute of injection. Twenty-four of 35 patients had no change
      in coronary sinus flow in response to right coronary injection. This can be
      explained by the fact that most of the venous flow from the right coronary artery
      returns in such a way that it cannot be measured by the coronary sinus catheter.
      Of the eleven patients who did show an increase, seven had angiographically
      documented right to left collaterals, suggesting that the increase in flow was
      the result of vasodilatation of the left coronary bed by contrast arriving via
      the right to left collaterals. The percent changes in flow and resistance in
      response to left coronary injection were isgnificantly greater in the 13 normals
      than in the 34 with obstructive disease of the left coronary artery (P lessthan
      0.01). Flow rose 70 plus or minus 27% (mean plus or minus standard deviation) in
      the normals versus 46 plus or minus 25% in the patients with coronary artery
      disease, while resistance fell 44 plus or minus 9% versus 33 plus or minus 11%.
      The differences, however, were not sufficient for these changes to be of value in
      the assessment of the degree of impairment of the coronary arterial bed in the
      individual patient.

PMID- 1095246
TI  - Treatment of nasal polyps with intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol.
AB  - In a double-blind trial thirty-five patients with moderately-severe nasal
      polyposis were treated with intranasal beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol for 3
      weeks. The dose given (400 mug/day) had only local effect on the symptoms. Judged
      by diary card scores the nasal symptoms were reduced to 52% of the pre-trial
      level for the whole group. Corrected for the placebo effect the percentage was
      68. The reduction of symptoms was equally apportioned to the three symptoms,
      sneezing, nasal secretion and blockage. The treatment was tolerated well, and it
      is concluded that intranasal treatment with beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol
      offers most patients with nasal polyps a good response without any risk of
      systemic steroid side-effects.

PMID- 1095247
TI  - Incidence of serum anti-DNA precipitins in patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - The technique of counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) has been adapted for
      detection of serum precipitins to calf thymus (CT) DNA in patients with SLE,
      discoid LE, miscellaneous connective tissue and infectious diseases, and control
      populations. Of seventy-eight LE patients, 58% demonstrated anti-ss DNA
      precipitins, and 20% exhibited anti-ds DNA precipitins. Good correlation was
      noted between the presence of ss DNA precipitins and ss DNA binding values
      determined by the more sensitive ammonium sulphate precipitation assay. Depressed
      total serum haemolytic complement activity in CH50 mu/ml was noted in 64% of sera
      exhibiting ss DNA precipitins and 38% of those with negative ss DNA precipitins.
      There was a strong association, however, between ds DNA precipitins and depressed
      serum complement levels. Although less sensitive than primary binding assays, CIE
      can be used as a rapid and simple screening test for detection of circulating
      anti-native and denatured CT DNA precipitins. CT DNA serum precipitins are
      present in a significantly higher percentage of SLE patients when compared with
      other disease states and normal control populations.

PMID- 1095248
TI  - Investigations of allergic status and blood counts in Chinese patients receiving
      daily or intermittent rifampicin in Hong Kong.
AB  - In a controlled trial in Hong Bong, 575 Chinese patients with pulmonary
      tuberculosis whose treatment with first-line regimens had failed were allocated
      at random to the following retreatment regimens of chemotherapy. (1) Rifampicin
      plus ethambutol daily (ER7). (2) Rifampicin plus ethambutol twice a week (ER2).
      (3) Rifampicin plus ethambutol once a week (ER1). (4) Rifampicin plus ethambutol
      daily for 2 months and then once a week (ER7ER1). (5) Ethionamide plus
      pyrazinamide plus cycloserine daily for 6 months and then ethionamide plus
      pyrazinamide daily (EtZC), as a control regimen. Answers to a questionnaire on
      allergic disease, the results of prick tests with standard allergens, ABO blood
      grouping, size of tuberculin response during chemotherapy, and a rifampicin patch
      test showed no associations with the occurrence of adverse reactions to daily or
      intermittent rifampicin. Mantoux testing during chemotherapy provided no evidence
      of an immunosuppressive effect of rifampicin. Mean platelet counts at 12 months
      were significantly lower than those at 3 months on the two once-weekly regimens
      (ER1, ER7ER1) and on the control regimen (EtZC), although still within normal
      limits. At 3 months, but not at 12 months, mean platelet counts on the two once
      weekly regimens were significantly lower 6 hr after a dose of the regimen than
      they were before the dose.

PMID- 1095249
TI  - Hematogenous osteomyelitis; a changing disease.

PMID- 1095250
TI  - Disorders of polymorphonuclear leukocytes relevant to infection.

PMID- 1095251
TI  - The clinical spectrum of toxoplasmosis in the adult.

PMID- 1095252
TI  - [LH-RH loading test in various diseases].

PMID- 1095253
TI  - [Chemistry of polyamines- with special reference to its metabolism and
      synthesis].

PMID- 1095254
TI  - [Significance of synthetic LH-RH in the diagnosis of amenorrhea - its
      relationship to the grading of amenhorrhea].

PMID- 1095255
TI  - [Double blind clinical evaluation of parotin in gastroptosis].

PMID- 1095256
TI  - Gynaecomastia in male adolescents.

PMID- 1095257
TI  - Psychological correlates of abnormal pubertal development.

PMID- 1095258
TI  - Growth and sexual maturation in normal puberty.

PMID- 1095259
TI  - Dynamics of hypothalamic-pituitary function during puberty.

PMID- 1095260
TI  - Amenorrhoea and dysfunctional uterine bleeding in puberty.

PMID- 1095261
TI  - A computer-oriented linkage analysis scheme.
AB  - A comprehensive, computer-oriented scheme for genetic linkage analysis is
      described. It computes the likelihood of a complex pedigree allowing for many non
      standard features including multiple alleles (up to four per locus), multiple
      mates, more than one mating in the eldest generation, consanguinity, missing or
      partially tested persons, and different recombination fractions between males and
      females. The program works by computing weighted likelihoods in a vertical,
      descending fashion. First, the set of possible genotypes for the members of the
      eldest generation is determined and prior probabilities assigned to these states
      of nature (based on gene frequency calculations). Phenotypic information is used
      to modify these probabilities in the standard manner. Then, for a particular set
      of genotypes, the conditional likelihood of the remainder of the pedigree is
      computed. This calculation may itself be many-branched and therefore a computer
      is necessary to keep track of the stages of the process. When the youngest
      generation has been taken into account, a final likelihood is determined,
      reflecting all information in the pedigree. The current version of the program
      successfully calculates the exact likelihood of a complex pedigree which was
      designed to exploit the non-standard features of the program. It has also
      computed likelihoods for a published pedigree, and the results are essentially
      equal to those obtained by the other authors using a previously available
      computer scheme for linkage analysis.

PMID- 1095262
TI  - Effect of equivalent antihypertensive doses of mefruside and cyclopenthiazide on
      serum electrolytes, uric acid and glucose tolerance in hypertensive patients.
AB  - 1. A comparative cross-over trial of mefruside and cyclopenthiazide, each drug
      being given for 6 weeks, was conducted on thirty hypertensive patients with
      diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance. Other antihypertensive therapy,
      any antidiabetic therapy and potassium supplementation were kept constant
      throughout the trial. Dosages of mefruside and cyclopenthiazide were adjusted to
      give approximately equal blood pressure levels in the two drug periods. 2. There
      was no significant difference in the following parameters studied during the
      sixth week of each of the two periods of drug therapy: serum electrolytes, total
      CO2, chloride, urea, amylase, haemoglobin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate,
      platelet and white blood cell counts, lying and standing blood pressure and pulse
      rate, weight, fasting and 2-h glucose and insulin levels and five-value glucose
      and insulin curve areas, fasting calcium and phosphate. 3. Serum creatinine and
      uric acid showed a small but significant fall during mefruside therapy.

PMID- 1095263
TI  - The T-cell nature of the lymphocytes in two human epithelial thymomas: a
      comparative immunologic, scanning and transmission electron microscopic study.

PMID- 1095264
TI  - I and i antigens on normal human T and B lymphocytes and on lymphocytes from
      patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

PMID- 1095265
TI  - Selective deficiency of the second component of complement in a patient with
      anaphylactoid purpura.

PMID- 1095266
TI  - Serum proteins as indicators of poor dietary intake in patients with chronic
      renal failure.
AB  - A study of serum proteins in patients on regular hemodialysis has shown that many
      have low serum transferrin levels but near normal serum albumin and normal or
      raised pre-albumin levels. Hemoglobin values were related to transferrin levels.
      Low transferrin levels also occurred in patients with advanced osteitis fibrosa.
      Deficient protein intake seems the likely explanation. Measurement of pre-albumin
      does not reflect low protein intake in chronic renal failure; reasons for this
      discussed.

PMID- 1095267
TI  - Regulation of single nephron filtration rate by feedback-facts and theories.

PMID- 1095268
TI  - Angioaccess for hemodialysis: which, when, why.

PMID- 1095269
TI  - A comparative evaluation of three high efficiency disposable dialyzers.
AB  - Until recently all disposable dialyzers have had a poorer overall performance
      than the best non-disposable dialyzer, the Meltec multipoint. The three
      disposables considered here (Gambro Lundia Nova, Cordis HFAK 4 and Rhone Poulenc
      RP 5) all have clearance of small molecules close to or, for the HFAK 4, just
      above that of the multipoint though their middle molecular clearance is not quite
      as good as the multipoint. The HFAK 4 has a better basal ultranfiltration rate
      but a poorer maximum ultrafiltration capacity. The RP 5 has a higher residual
      blood volume than the multipoint. In other respects the dialyzers are almost
      interchangeable and are reasonable alternatives to the multipoint in those
      centers which can afford single use disposable dialyzers.

PMID- 1095270
TI  - Rejection episodes and patient and graft survival after renal transplantation.
AB  - The occurrence of acute rejection episodes following renal transplantation was
      correlated with one-year patient mortality and graft failure rates in a series of
      102 consecutive transplant recipients. Twenty-one patients had two or more
      rejection episodes in the first two months post transplantation; 17 of these
      expired or lost their kidney compared to only 5 of 28 patients with no rejection
      episodes in this time period. Similarly, of the 14 patients who developed a
      second rejection episode 2--6 months post transplantation, 8 died or lost the
      graft compared to only 2 of 21 patients who had no rejection episodes in this
      time period. Thus, the development of a second rejection episode early after
      transplantation necessitating treatment with high dose prednisone therapy carries
      an ominous prognosis and suggests that serious consideration must be given to
      graft removal and subsequent retransplantation.

PMID- 1095271
TI  - 5-Fluorocytosine treatment of candidiasis on a patient receiving regular
      hemodialysis.
AB  - A patient developed a severe urinary infection with Candida albicans following a
      cadaveric renal transplant operation. It was necessary to remove the graft and
      return the patient to regular hemodialysis treatment. The fungi infection was
      successfully eradicated by a single oral dose of 5-Fluorocytosine (20 mg/kg)
      after each dialysis treatment. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that the drug had
      a dialyzate clearance ratio of 0.66 when compared with creatinine; the drug was
      not metabolized and there was no other route of elimination.

PMID- 1095272
TI  - Amniocentesis.
AB  - The indications, technique, and potential complications of the now commonly used
      obstetric procedure, amniocentesis, have been reviewed. Although amniocentesis is
      considered by many a routine and a very safe procedure, there are potential
      complications, especially for the fetus, but for the mother as well. The
      frequency of these complications can be reduced by meticulous attention to
      technique and especially by preliminary placental localization. The latter is
      probably best accomplished by the ultrasound B scan. Because there are potential
      complications, the indications and timing of amniocentesis must always be
      carefully weighed before it is carried out.

PMID- 1095273
TI  - Breast-feeding and infant health.

PMID- 1095274
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of abnormal lactation.

PMID- 1095275
TI  - Drugs that affect the breast and lactation.

PMID- 1095276
TI  - Tumors of the hand.
AB  - A review of 129 hand tumors suggests that diagnosis of a swelling in the hand is
      often uncertain because of the close proximity of many different tissues in a
      small volume. Histologic diagnosis is necessary to assure appropriate treatment;
      excisional biopsy should be done whenever possible; if the lesion is benign,
      treatment has been completed; in the event the lesion is malignant, further
      treatment will not have been materially compromised. The margin of normal tissue
      around malignant lesions often precludes treatment of such tumors of the hand by
      ray resection or wide local excision because adequate wide excision will
      frequently leave nothing functional. Attempts at wide local excision are ofter
      compromised by the surgeon's natural desire to preserve function; this frequently
      results in incomplete removal of the tumor. The function preserved will be of
      little benefit to a patient with widespread metastases.

PMID- 1095277
TI  - Somatomedin.
AB  - Somatomedin is a peptide component of serum which has been postulated to mediate
      the action of growth hormone on skeletal tissue. Direct effects on cartilage
      include stimulation of the synthesis of mucopolysacharide, protein, and nucleic
      acids. Insulin-like effects on non-skeletal tissues and cells have been
      described, and a relationship to NSILA-S and MSA has been suggested. The liver
      may be an important source. Non-specificity of bioassays is a problem. Growth
      hormone deficiency, malnutrition, therapy with corticosteroids or estrogens, and
      a type of dwarfism characterized by high serum growth hormone are associated with
      decreased somatomedin. An unexplained phenomenon is the normal somatomedin with
      low or undetectable growth hormone in certain cases of craniopharyngioma or other
      tumors involving the hypothalamus. Somatomedin is increased in acromegaly.

PMID- 1095278
TI  - Immunology of cartilage in septic arthritis.
AB  - Septic arthritis in one knee joint was produced in 18 rabbits, the contralateral
      knee being left intact. Sections stained with fluorescein conjugated anti-IgG and
      with fluorescein conjugated anti-IgM showed layers of immunoglobulins on the
      articular cartilage in 16 out of 17 injected joints, and 10 out of 17 supposedly
      "normal" knee joints. Concurrent tests for circulating anti-staphylococcal alpha
      lysin gave negative results. Cultures of synovial fluids were negative. These
      observations suggest that articular cartilage may act as an auto-antigen;
      immunological mechanisms involved may be due to the combined activity of both
      cell-bound and humoral antibodies. There are 2 components to a septic arthritis,
      the primary being a bacterial and the secondary immunologic in nature.

PMID- 1095279
TI  - Neurogenic arthropathies (Charcot's joints) in children. Description of a case
      traced or occult spinal dysraphism.

PMID- 1095280
TI  - Klebsiella pneumonia following an apparent staphylococcal pneumonia in a four
      year-old child.

PMID- 1095281
TI  - Morphine and phenytoin binding to plasma proteins in renal and hepatic failure.
AB  - The binding of morphine and phenytoin to plasma proteins was examined in healthy
      subjects and in patients with renal and hepatic failure. In the uremic patients
      without hepatic failure, morphine binding was dependent on the concentration of
      total serum proteins and albumin, but not the severity of renal failure as
      measured by creatinine clearance. Binding of phenytoin, however, was dependent on
      the degree of renal failure and albumin concentration, but not on total serum
      protein concentration. Renal transplant in 1 patient restored the binding of both
      drugs to a value within the normal range. The combination of hypoalbuminemia and
      hyperbilirubinemia resulted in the greatest impairment to binding for both drugs.
      It is concluded that patients with uremia, jaundice, hypoalbuminemia,
      particularly in combination, are sensitive to usual clinical doses of morphine,
      at least in part, because of decreased binding to plasma proteins.

PMID- 1095282
TI  - Comparative effects of tolamolol and propranolol on cardiac and peripheral
      circulatory function in patients with coronary artery disease.
AB  - In a clinical study comparing the cardiocirculatroy effects of intravenous
      tolamolol to those of propranolol, tolamolol, 16 mg, induced similar reduction in
      resting heart rate as 8 mg propranolol in 16 coronary patients. Tolamolol did not
      disturb cardiac pump performance and exerted less negative inotropic action than
      propranolol as assessed by mechanical contractility indices. Myocardial beta-one
      chronotropic and inotropic stimulation by exogenous epinephrine was blocked
      equally by tolamolol and propranolol. Tolamolol exerted less systemic vascular
      beta-two blockade than propranolol as assessed by the peripheral resistance and
      vasopressor responses to epinephrine infusion. Tolamolction than propranolol and
      is thereby suitable for careful extension of beta blockade therapy to certain
      patients with pulmonary  and ventricular dysfunction.

PMID- 1095283
TI  - Fenmetozole in acute alcholol intoxication in man.
AB  - Forty healthy adult male volunteers were studied to determine the efficacy of
      fenmetozole to antagonize the effects of acute alcholol intoxication. Twenty
      subjects receive placebo and 20 fenmetozole in dosage of 100 mg and 200 mg in a
      double-blind paradigm. Pretreatment with fenmetozole failed to antogonize or
      attenuate cognitive, perceptual, motor and affective changes associated with
      acute alchol intoxication.

PMID- 1095284
TI  - A review and discussion of goals in community dentistry.
AB  - The author discusses the need for clearly stated goals in community dentistry,
      the choice of goals, and the chances to achieve them. Goals in community health
      planning should be based on the values, needs and resources of the community in
      question. When analyzing goals a distinction should be made between dental health
      and dental care. Some goals for dental care, e.g. equity of access, may concern
      social justice but do not necessarily lead to better dental health. It is
      generally agreed that good dental health for a whole community cannot be achieved
      by restorative treatment alone; good dental health habits are considered to be a
      better way to promote dental health. Existing research indicates that there are
      chances to attain an acceptable level of dental health if the community effort is
      systematically planned and executed. There are indications that a reduction in
      the prevalence of dental disease can be brought about by new and effective means
      in the future. Long-term planning should be flexible enough to respond to new
      opportunities.

PMID- 1095285
TI  - A partial biochemical characterization of fossilized bone from Makapansgat,
      Swartkrans and Queen Charlotte Islands.

PMID- 1095287
TI  - An efficient method for estimating the probability of misclassification applied
      to a problem in medical diagnosis.

PMID- 1095286
TI  - Amino acid compositions of pleistocene collagens.

PMID- 1095288
TI  - [Notes from the editor of the collection of Florence Nightingale's writings].

PMID- 1095289
TI  - Mental status examination record (MSER): reliability and validity.

PMID- 1095290
TI  - Lessons from cardiac transplantation.

PMID- 1095291
TI  - Rheumatoid disease, an overview.

PMID- 1095292
TI  - Cerebral Paragonimiasis.
AB  - The first case of cerebral paragonimiasis was reported by Otani in Japan in 1887.
      This was nine years after Kerbert's discovery of the fluke in the lungs of Bengal
      tigers and seven years after a human pulmonary infection by the fluke was
      demonstrated by Baelz and Manson. The first case was a 26-year-old man who had
      been suffering from cough and hemosputum for one year. The patient developed
      convulsive seizures with subsequent coma and died. The postmortem examination
      showed cystic lesions in the right frontal and occipital lobes. An adult fluke
      was found in the occipital lesion and another was seen in a gross specimen of
      normal brain tissue around the affected occipital lobe. Two years after Otani's
      discovery, at autopsy a 29-year-old man with a history of Jacksonian seizure was
      reported as having cerebral paragonimiasis. Some time later, however, it was
      confirmed that the case was actually cerebral schistosomiasis japonica. 
      Subsequently, cases of cerebral paragonimiasis were reported. However, the
      majority of these cases were not confirmed histologically. It was pointed out
      that some of these early cases were probably not Paragonimus infection. After
      World War II, reviews as well as case reports were published. Recently,
      investigations have been reported from Korea, with a clinicla study on 62 cases
      of cerebral paragonimiasis seen at the Neurology Department of the National
      Medical Center, Seoul, between 1958 and 1964. In 1971 Higashi described a
      statistical study on 105 cases of cerebral paragonimiasis that had been treated
      surgically in Japan.

PMID- 1095293
TI  - Angiostrongyliasis cantonensis (eosinophilic meningitis, Alicata's disease).
AB  - Angiostrongyliasis is an infectious disease caused by nematode parasites of the
      genus Angiostrongylus. The rat lung worm Angiostrongylus cantonensis, primarily a
      parasite of rodents, is largely responsible for human cases of eosinophilic
      meningitis, or meningoencerphalitis, which occurs on many Pacific islands and in
      Southeast Asia. The disorder, which frequently occurs in epidemic extent, is
      caused by invasion of the central nervous system by developing larvae of the
      parasite. The infection is most frequently due to ingestion of food containing
      the infective, third-state, larvae. Meningitic and ocular forms of the disease
      have been recognized. The disease has been described or referred to under a
      variety of synonyms. The terms eosinophilic meningitis, eosinophilic
      meningoencephalitis, and epidemic eosinophilic meningitis were first used to
      describe the disease before its etiology was known. These terms, however, lack
      specificity, because the eosinophilic meningitic syndrome may accompany many
      other parasitic as well as nonparasitic diseases of the central nervous system.
      Nevertheless, they are still being widely used, since in most cases only the
      epidemiology of the disease points to the etiologic role of A. cantonensis.
      Direct clinical or laboratory evidence of the etiologic agent is usually not
      established because reliable tests are not yet available. The term
      angiostrongylosis, or angiostrongyliasis, if used without the adjective, also may
      give rise to confusion, since the same term is applied to the pulmonary infection
      of dogs by A. vasorum and might be used for infection by any other
      Angiostrongylus species. Even the term cerebral or ocular angiostrongyliasis may
      prove in the future to have similar disadvantages. The scientifically correct
      term angiostrongyliasis cantonensis has been used recently. It is sufficiently
      specific and formed in analogy to the names of other parasitic diseases of man,
      like schistosomiasis japonica, schistosomiasis mansoni, schistosomiasis
      haematobia. For the murine infection, as well as for the disease produced
      experimentally in animals, the term angiostrongylosis cantonensis ought to be
      reserved because of the preferential use by veterinarians of the ending osis for
      designation of pathological changes produced in animals by parasites. After the
      recent discovery of A. costaricensis, another rat parasite causing human disease
      in Costa Rica, it becomes necessary to distinguish between angiostrongyliasis
      cantonensis (eosinophilic meningitis) and angiostrongyliasis costaricensis (intra
      abdominal eosinophilic granulomatosis). A potential disadvantage of these terms
      may be encountered in case of a systemic revision or reclassification of the
      parasite. This has happened at intervals. A. cantonensis was named Pulmonema
      cantonensis by its discoverer and later was described under the name
      Haemostrongylus ratti.

PMID- 1095294
TI  - Cerebral Malaria.
AB  - Cerebral malaria is an acute diffuse encephalopathy associated only with
      Plasmodium falciparum. It is probably a consequence of the rapid proliferation of
      the parasites in the body of man in relation to red cell invasion, and results in
      stagnation of blood flow in cerebralcapillaries with thromobotic occlusion of
      large numbers of cerebral capillaries. The subsequent cerebral pathology is
      cerebral infarction with haemorrhage and cerebral oedema. The wide prevalence of
      P. falciparum in highly endemic areas results in daily challenges to patients
      from several infected mosquitoes. It is thus important to understand the
      characteristics of P. falciparum, since this is one of the most important
      protozoan parasites of man and severe infection from it constitutes one of the
      few real clinical emergencies in tropical medicine. One of the more important
      aspects of the practice of medicine in the tropics is to establish a good
      understanding of the pattern of medical practice in that area. This applies to
      malaria as well as to other diseases. The neophyte might be somewhat surprised to
      learn, for example that an experienced colleague who lives in a holoendemic
      malarious area such as West Africa, sees no cerebral malaria. But the explanation
      is simple when the doctor concerned has a practice which involves treating adults
      only. Cerebral malaria is rare in adults, because in highly endemic areas, by the
      age of 1 year most of the infants in a group under study have already experienced
      their first falciparum infection. By the time they reach adult life, they have a
      solid immunity against severe falciparum infections. In fact, "clinical malaria"
      could occur in such a group under only two circumstances: 1) in pregnancy, a
      patent infection with P. falciparum might develop, probably due to an IgG drain
      across the placenta to the foetus;2) in an individual who has constantly taken
      antimalarials and who may have an immunity at such a low level that when
      antimalarial therapy is interrupted, clinical malaria might ensue. The above
      examples emphasise the paramount importance of the clinician dealing with malaria
      having some insight into the complex immunity processes operative in the human
      host; these have been reviewed by McGregor.

PMID- 1095295
TI  - Patterns of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Parkinsonism-Dementia on Guam.
AB  - The striking concentration of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and
      parkinsonismdementia (PD) among the Chamorro people of Guam has attracted
      attention since the early 1950's. Extensive studies conducted over the past 20
      years have not revealed the causes of these diseases and the reasons for their
      remarkable concentrations on Guam. Approximately 1 in 10 Guamanian deaths over
      age 25 is from ALS, and another 1 in 10 is from PD. ALS still occurs
      approximately 50 times more frequently on Guam than in the continental United
      States. Advances in virologic and biochemical techniques, and long years of
      study, appear to be leading us to a point where some of the problems will be
      resolved. We shall attempt to review the pertinent background information and
      summarize the data and observations up to the present time.

PMID- 1095296
TI  - Leydig cells.

PMID- 1095297
TI  - Preoperative cervical dilatation with 15 (S) 15 methyl prostaglandin E2 methyl
      ester in first trimester nulliparae. A double blind study.

PMID- 1095298
TI  - Two oral contraceptives with the same gestagen and different estrogen. A
      controlled clinical trial.

PMID- 1095299
TI  - Viral-antibody complexes in canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1)ocular lesions:
      leukocyte chemotaxis and enzyme release.
AB  - Canine adenovirus-type 1 (CAV-1)-antibody complexes caused severe anterior
      uveitis with corneal edema ("blue eye") when injected into the anterior chamber
      of normal dogs. The response of the anterior uvea to such immune complexes (IC)
      was similar to the spontaneously occurring disease. In the presence of complement
      (C'), IC caused release of neutrophile chemotactic factors. Following
      phagocytosis of IC-C' leukocytes released lysosomal enzymes, as indicated by the
      presence of acid phosphatase in the surrounding medium. Membrane bound viral
      aggregates, presumably IC, were common in neutrophiles and in macrophages that
      had infiltrated the anterior chamber of opaque eyes that occurred after
      intravenous (IV) inoculation with attenuated CAV-1. These data were incorporated
      into a postulated scheme for the pathogenesis of CAV-1 uveitis with corneal
      edema.

PMID- 1095300
TI  - State-of-the-art of computer-assisted radiology information/reporting systems.

PMID- 1095301
TI  - The current status of cardiac pacing.

PMID- 1095302
TI  - The planning, operation, and function of a clinical laboratory in a teaching
      hospital.
AB  - Shortly after World War I, laboratories began to grow in number and complexity in
      the hospitals throughout the United States. Need dictated the funding and
      therefore, expansion of these laboratories. In general, very little overall
      planning was introduced into the development of these laboratories but rather
      empiricism and reaction to pressure dictated the day-to-day, week-by-week
      development. Since a great deal of the teaching at that time was done on a one-by
      one basis with laboratory learners, and since much of the laboratory work was
      done by physicians and used directly upon the patient, there was very little need
      for considering the laboratory as a more global resource for the teaching
      institution. As the science of medicine advanced and as the diversity and
      complexity of laboratory occupations increased, it was necessary to place more
      stress upon careful planning and operation of the clinical laboratory in the
      teaching institution. The laboratory was approached not only as a training area
      in its own right but as an adjunct to the undergraduate and postgraduate medical
      education occurring in the teaching institution. It became paramount then to
      consider the detail planning necessary to bring about a structural and functional
      entity that could respond to these more global teaching needs. It was imperative
      that the laboratory itself respond to its role and responsibility in the
      tripartite function of a teaching institution -- research, education, and
      service. In any good planning environment, effort must be expended towards
      setting goals and objectives; analytical methods applied to making assumptions
      and establishing premises. Alternate means for achieving goals and objectives
      were developed. Energy was expended in making forecasts and projecting results.
      Alternate means were sorted out and choices were made. Implementation guidelines
      were designed and an evaluation and feedback mechanism was instituted. In more
      recent years, we have attempted to apply these steps in planning to the
      development of laboratories and to the installation of operational procedures
      which would allow the clinical laboratory to truly function as a teaching unit
      and as a vital resource for the total training program of the institution in
      which it is housed.

PMID- 1095303
TI  - Physiological changes in blood volume.
AB  - Measurement of blood volume is an important clinical tool in establishing a
      diagnosis as in polycythemia vera, in assessing the true significance of a low
      blood count in a patient with splenomegaly, and in evaluating a bleeding patient.
      In theory, blood volume measurements should be of great value in treating acute
      blood loss, but this is often too time-consuming to be practicable. The main
      value of blood volume studies so far has been in clinical research where it is
      essential for correct interpretation of the peripheral blood measurements.
      Estimates using the hematocrit (packed cell volume) could be misleading since
      this measurement does not take into account total blood volume and changes in the
      plasma volume. A variety of isotopes that tag the red blood cell have been used
      to measure total blood volume and red cell mass. Most commonly used at present is
      autologous 51-Cr labeled red cells, thus eliminating the risk of hepatitis in
      transfusion to the subjects. Radio labeled albumin and other plasma proteins were
      used to measure plasma volume. A large molecular protein is ideal to eliminate
      overestimation from extravascular diffusion of labeled material for accurate
      determination of plasma volume. Physiologic changes in the newborn, in pregnant
      women, during exercise, bed rest, and altitude in the nonpathologic state are
      discussed. Studies in the normal subject's adaptation in different physiologic
      conditions have revealed a variety of factors that regulate blood volume.

PMID- 1095304
TI  - The 25 years of neomycin.

PMID- 1095305
TI  - Prodigiosin-like pigments.
AB  - Prodigiosin, the bright red tripyrrole pigment from Serratia marcescens, has also
      been identified in Pseudomonas magnesiorubra, Vibrio psychroerythrus, and two
      Gram-negative rod-shaped mesophilic marine bacteria not members of the genus
      Serratia. Prodigiosin is sometimes bound to proteins; thus, extracts may require
      acid treatment before isolation of the pigment. Higher homologs of prodigiosin
      have been detected by mass spectroscopy. A mutant strain of S. marcescens
      produced nor-prodigiosin, in which the methoxy group of prodigiosin is replaced
      by a hydroxy group. Another mutant strain produced a blue tetrapyrrole pigment
      whose structure is a dimer of prodigiosin's rings A and B. Three novel
      biosynthetic analogs of prodigiosin have been obtained using a colorless mutant
      which does make rings A and B but not ring C and which can couple rings A and B
      with some added monopyrroles similar to ring C. The structures of three
      prodiginine (prodigiosin-like) pigments from streptomyces have been elucidated.
      All have the methoxytripyrrole aromatic nucleus of prodigiosin and all have an 11
      carbon aliphatic side chain attached at carbon 2 of ring C. In two of the
      pigments the side chain is also linked to another carbon of ring C. The earlier
      literature about prodiginine pigments from actinomycetes has been interpreted and
      evaluated in light of the most recent findings. The structure elucidation of six
      prodiginine pigments from Actinomadurae (Nocardiae) has been completed. Only one,
      undecylprodiginine, is the same as from a streptomycete. For three of the six
      pigments, nine carbon side chains are observed and in four of them the side chain
      is attached to carbon 5 of ring A as well as carbon 2 of ring C so that a large
      ring is formed which includes the three pyrrole moieties. A section on
      identification summarized useful methods and presents information with which any
      known prodiginine pigment can be identified. The final step in the biosynthesis
      of prodigiosin was known to be the coupling of methoxybipyrrolecarboxaldehyde
      (rings A and B) with methylpentylpyrrole (ring C). Recent work using 13C-labeled
      precursors and Fourier transform 13C nuclear magnetic resonance has shown the
      pattern of incorporation for acetate, proline, glycine, serine alanine, and
      methionine into prodigiosin. Each pyrrole ring is constructed in a different way.
      Two of the streptomyces pigments have also been investigated; the pattern of
      incorporation is similar to that for prodigiosin. The biological activities of
      some prodiginine pigments are summarized. All show activity against several Gram
      positive bacteria; some have anti-malarial activity. Prodigiosin has been tested
      clinically against coccidioidomycosis.

PMID- 1095306
TI  - The therapeutic activity of diftalone in rheumatoid arthritis: crossover
      comparison with indomethacin.
AB  - A multi-centre double-blind crossover study was carried out in 70 hospitalised
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis to compare the activity of diftalone, a new
      anti-inflammatory agen, with that of indomethacin. Patients received either 750
      mg. diftalone or 100 mg. indomethacin daily for 2 weeks and were then crossed
      over to the alternative treatment for a further 2 weeks. Routine clinical and
      laboratory assessments of disease activity were carried out before the start of
      the trial and after each treatment period. The results indicate that both drugs
      produced a favourable response and that there was no statistically significant
      difference between them in the parameters measure, except for the erythrocyte
      sedimentation rate which fell only after the administration of diftalone. Patient
      and physician assessments on the course of the disease were in general agreement
      and were favourable to the same extent for both treatments. Both products were
      well tolerated and there were few reports of side-effects.

PMID- 1095307
TI  - A controlled trial of bromhexine ('Bisolvon') in out-patients with chronic
      bronchitis.
AB  - Bromhexine, 16 mg. 3-times daily, was compared with placebo in a double-blind
      crossover trial in 41 out-patients with chronic bronchitis and irreversible
      airways obstruction, and who were considered to be in a steady state. Each
      treatment was given for 3 weeks with a week of placebo in between; in addition,
      all patients took oxytetracycline, 500 mg. twice daily, starting 1 week before
      the trial and continuing throughout the duration of it. All patients completed
      the trial but the results from 5 were excluded because during the first 3 weeks
      they developed an influenza-like illness accompanied by a decrease in FEV1,and
      peak expiratory flow rate. Results from the remaining 36 patients showed a
      statistically significant reduction in phlegm stickiness (p smaller than 0.05) as
      judged by the patient, and a significant improvement in overall clinical state (p
      smaller than 0.05) as judged by the physician during bromhexine treatment, but no
      significant change in symptoms like cough, chest tightness, ease of breathing or
      sputum volume, peak expiratory flow rate and FEV1 etc. Five patients reported 6
      side-effects, 3 with bromhexine, 1 with placebo and 1 with both treatments.

PMID- 1095308
TI  - Pizotifen (BC 105) in migraine prophylaxis.
AB  - Pizotifen, an antaminic, was investigated in a double-blind placebo controlled
      trial to evaluate its efficacy in migraine prophylaxis. It was found to be and
      effective prophylactic in a proportion of migraine patients, reducing the
      frequency as well as the severity of headaches. Some patients showed weight gain.
      Several patients have continued treatment for up to 2 years with good control of
      their migraine and a reduction in the amount of medicament required for the acute
      attack.

PMID- 1095310
TI  - Six-day clotrimazole therapy in vaginal candidosis.
AB  - Two hundred and two patients with symptoms, signs and mycological evidence of
      Candida vaginitis were entered in a single-blind trial comparing 6-day
      clotrimazole therapy with a control group receiving 6 days' nystatin therapy.
      Adequate data was collected on 69 clotrimazole and 72 nystatin treated patients
      for analysis. Judged by both the severity of symptoms and signs and the number of
      patients with negative mycological findings, 6-day clotrimazole therapy produced
      statistically significantly better results than obtained in the control group.
      When reviewed 4 weeks after starting therapy, 93% of the clotrimazole treated
      patinets had culturally negative results for Candida compared with 74% of the
      patients treated with nystatin. It is concluded that 6-day clotrimazole therapy
      is effective in the treatment of Candida vaginitis.

PMID- 1095309
TI  - Clinical trial of a low dose combined oral contraceptive ('Ovranette').
AB  - A combination of 150 mug. d-norgestrel with 30 mug. ethinyl oestradiol was
      administered to 120 women for a total of 767 cycles. No pregnancies occurred and
      cycle control was good, 99% of the cycles being within the range of 28 plus or
      minus 3 days. Breakthrough bleeding occurred in 7.2% of the cycles, spotting in
      8.9% and amenorphoea in 0.8%. Side-effects were minimal.

PMID- 1095311
TI  - Evaluation of pindolol in the treatment of hypertension.
AB  - Twenty hypertensive patients were treated for 15 weeks with pindolol, a new anti
      hypertensive agent. Blood pressure while resting and after standing was reduced
      in all patients whether previously treated with an antihypertensive agent or not.
      All patients completed the study and no side-effects were reported. Laboratory
      tests showed no abnormalities and pindolol was very well tolerated in all
      patients. The dose of other antihypertensive agents was reduced in 7 patients.

PMID- 1095312
TI  - Reproducibility of cardiac output determinations by dye-dilution technique in
      patients with valvular diseases.

PMID- 1095313
TI  - The dye-dilution technique fof measurement or cardiac output during operation for
      valvular disease: the importance of injection site.

PMID- 1095314
TI  - [30 years of achievements in orthopedics and traumatology in Poland].

PMID- 1095315
TI  - [Medical rehabilitation of disorders of the locomotor system in the Polish
      People's Republic].

PMID- 1095316
TI  - [Our experience in the treatment of hand scarring contracture following burns].

PMID- 1095317
TI  - [Surgical treatment of flexion contracture of the hand by means of elongation
      transfer of the flexor tendons].

PMID- 1095318
TI  - [Metaphyseal and diaphyseal localization of giant cell tumors].

PMID- 1095319
TI  - Lampbrush chromosomes in spermatocytes of Chironomus.
AB  - In the primary spermatocytes of Chironomus pallidivittatus lampbrush chromosomes
      in pachytene and diplotene stages can be isolated by using a spreading technique.
      -In the earliest analyzable stages of the pachytene the lampbrush loops, although
      different in size, are identically structured, consisting of spiralized fibers
      covered with a thin matrix. These loops contain an average DNA length of 33 mum.
      They are connected by axial fibers of 6 nm in diameter at intervals of 0.15--0.07
      mum without any interposing chromomeres. The axis is double-stranded.--On the
      basis of the DNA distribution patterns it is supposed that the loops contain
      those chromatid regions which are included in the bands of the polytene
      chromosomes of the same species. The lack of a typical RNP transcript in the
      loops and the finding that 98% of the total DNA is found in the loops lead to the
      conception that the lampbrush organization in these spermatocytes is primarily
      involved in the orderly course of crossing-over and in the preparation for the
      metaphase contraction of the chromatids.

PMID- 1095321
TI  - Symposium. Crohn's disease. Discussion.

PMID- 1095320
TI  - The proteins of polytene chromosomes of Drosophila hydei.
AB  - It is reported that chromatin can be prepared from highly purified polytene
      nuclei from the salivary glands of third instar larvae of Drosophila hydei; such
      chromatin differs from that of diploid nuclei mainly by deficiencies in certain
      nonhistone chromosomal proteins. It is suggested that these proteins are
      important components of constitutive heterochromatin, which is severely
      underrepresented in polytene chromosomes. Chromosome morphology, including the
      pattern of induced puffs, is maintained throughout the mass isolation of glands
      and sucrose gradient purification of nuclei, as indicated by studies on
      temperature-shocked and control larvae. No significant alteration in the
      chromosomal proteins following puff induction by heat shock could be detected on
      analysis of the isolated protein fractions by disc gel electrophoresis. More
      sensitive techniques must be developed to study the apparent rearrangement or
      accumulation of protein at puff sites, and to elucidate the role of this protein
      in gene activation.

PMID- 1095322
TI  - Review of literature on diseases of the colon and rectum.

PMID- 1095323
TI  - Accuracy of actuarial and clinical predictions for length of stay and
      unauthorized absence.
AB  - Multivariate-equation predictions of length of hospital stay and probability of
      unauthorized absence were compared with similar predictions made by clincians and
      actual outcome for 167 patients drawn from a random sample of admissions during a
      two-month period at five state hospitals. The computer proved to be about as
      accurate as clinicians in predicting length of stay. Neither computer nor
      clinician was able to usefully predict unauthorized absence because of its
      infrquent occurrance. Use and improvement of such actuarial predictions within
      the Missouri automated data base were discussed.

PMID- 1095324
TI  - A critical review of oxazepam: efficacy and specificity.

PMID- 1095325
TI  - Is oxazepam associated with hostility?

PMID- 1095327
TI  - [Hydrodynamic properties of DNA of Escherichia coli strains differing in
      radiosensitivity and matrix synthesis of RNA in vitro].

PMID- 1095326
TI  - Pharmacokinetics in clinical medicine: oxazepam versus other benzodiazepines.

PMID- 1095328
TI  - [Trends in family planning with hormones and hormone combinations].

PMID- 1095329
TI  - [Sigmund Freud's dream interpretation. Remarks on the first publication 75 years
      ago].

PMID- 1095331
TI  - [Ectopic mammary gland on the back].
AB  - A supernumerary, fully developed mammary gland between both shoulder blades above
      the vertebral column was discovered in a 32-year-old woman when it caused
      symptoms. It was removed by operation. Histological examination revealed fibrous
      mastopathy. The only abnormal radiological feature was a spina bifida of T6 at
      the site of the ectopic breast.

PMID- 1095330
TI  - [Postanastomotic renal-artery stenosis after renal transplantation].
AB  - A particular kind of renal-artery stenosis was observed in three of 60 renal
      transplantations performed between 1969 and 1974. It was always 1.0-1.5 cm distal
      to the anastomosis and, as histological examination demonstrated, was definitely
      due to vessel injury after removal of the transplant. To avoid it the proximal
      arterial stump should be cut off before transplantation. The postanastomotic
      region must be dissected free during the operation and an extended graft
      venoplasty or sleeve resection performed.

PMID- 1095332
TI  - [Rectal absorption of magnesium in ruminants. Brief report].

PMID- 1095334
TI  - [Experiences with the surgical management of the larynx in cattle, with special
      consideration of calves].

PMID- 1095333
TI  - [Zinc concentration in cattle hair during zinc deficiency].

PMID- 1095335
TI  - [New preparation for the treatment of edematous swellings in animals (short
      communication from veterinary practice)].

PMID- 1095336
TI  - [Animal protection in pet and dog shops].

PMID- 1095337
TI  - [Disinfection problems in the air transport of animals].

PMID- 1095338
TI  - [Motility and morphology of boar spermatozoa].

PMID- 1095339
TI  - [Deep freezing of boar sperm. VII. Laboratory and field experiments using the
      Hulsenberg VIII extender].

PMID- 1095340
TI  - [Eosinophilic granuloma in a cat].

PMID- 1095341
TI  - [Model experiments on pheasants using 1 insecticide (Lindane), 1 herbicide
      (Terbutryn), 1 mineral fertilizer (calcium ammonium saltpeter) and 1 fungicide
      (HCB). II. Calcium ammonium saltpeter].

PMID- 1095342
TI  - [Rabbits (wild and domesticated rabbits)].

PMID- 1095343
TI  - [Important spheres in medicine as reflected in "Duodecim"].

PMID- 1095344
TI  - [Medical publishing in Finland in early 20th century].

PMID- 1095345
TI  - [Some surgical cases in a rural practice].

PMID- 1095346
TI  - [Medical finnish language affecting ideas and attitudes in the 19th century].

PMID- 1095347
TI  - [Endocrinology in Finland].

PMID- 1095348
TI  - [Diagnosis of acromegaly].

PMID- 1095349
TI  - [Diagnosis of secondary amenorrhea].

PMID- 1095350
TI  - Thermoregulation, water and electrolyte metabolism of man in the desert.

PMID- 1095351
TI  - [Functional, biochemical and morphological evaluation of the viability of
      cadaveric and preserved lung in experimental studies].

PMID- 1095352
TI  - [Use of teflon padding in experimental mechanical suture of bronchial stump].

PMID- 1095353
TI  - [Computer system of storage, retrieval and data processing of clinical
      information].

PMID- 1095354
TI  - [Artificial respiration of the lungs with constant positive pressure in certain
      forms of respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 1095355
TI  - Cyclic variations in the increased responsiveness of the pituitary to luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) induced by LHRH.
AB  - Following a single iv injection of 50 ng of LH-releasing hormone (LHRH), a small
      increase in plasma LH titers was observed and this response was greater on
      proestrus and estrus than in other stages of the cycle. When a second injection
      of a similar dose of the neurohormone was given one hour later, the response to
      the second injection was markedly enhanced on proestrus but only slightly
      increased at other stages of the cycle. The response to LHRH in androgenized
      females was similar to that observed on proestrus, and, as on proestrus, an
      enhanced response to a second injection occurred. Only small increases in FSH
      followed these injections and there was no increase in responsiveness to the
      second injection in any of the groups. It is postulated that rising estrogen
      titers can bring about a priming action of LHRH which enhances the response of
      the gland to a second injection on proestrus. The priming action of LHRH may
      magnify the response of the pituitary to endogenous decapeptide release to
      further increase the release of LH on the afternoon of proestrus.

PMID- 1095356
TI  - Ovarian steroids directly alter luteinizing hormone (LH) release by pituitary
      homografts.
AB  - The direct role of estradiol and progesterone in sensitizing the adenohypophysis
      to the releasing action of LHRH (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) has been
      examined in rats bearing pituitary homografts. Groups (10-14/group) of virgin
      female rats (CDF) strain) were hypophysectomized, ovariectomized, and pituitaries
      obtained from long-term ovariectomized donors were implanted under the kidney
      capsule. The animals were treated on the sixth day after transplantation with
      sesame oil vehicle, estradiol (1.6 mug/100 g BW), progesterone (0.6 mg/100 g BW),
      or estradiol plus progesterone. This injection regimen was repeated 12 h later.
      Ninety minutes after the steroid injection on day 7 half of the animals in each
      group received LHRH (ip) and half received saline. Basal levels of LH in the
      steroid-treated groups not injected with LHRH were, in general, elevated as
      compared to the oil-injected group. Following LHRH, blood samples were collected
      by cardiac puncture under light ether anesthesia at 5, 15, 30, 60, and 90 min
      postinjection. Animals receiving LHRH responded with significant elevations of LH
      both in the presence and absence of steroids while saline was without effect.
      However, the magnitude of the LH peak was found to be significantly blunted by
      estrogen treatment. Moreover, the peak LH response to LHRH occurred 30 min
      following injection in all groups except the progesterone primed animals. In this
      group the peak LH was delayed by 30 min. These results suggest that estradiol
      directly inhibits the release of LH at the level of the pituitary and that the
      ovarian steroids, estradiol and progesterone probably interact to determine the
      time of optimal pituitary sensitivity to LHRH.

PMID- 1095357
TI  - Citation for the Koch Award of The Endocrine Society for 1975 to William Harrison
      Daughaday, M.D.

PMID- 1095358
TI  - Citation for the Distinguished Leadership Award of the Endocrine Society for 1975
      to Edwin B. Astwood, M.D., C.M., Ph.D., Sc.D.

PMID- 1095359
TI  - Citation for the Ernst Oppenheimer Memorial Award of the Endocrine Society for
      1975 to Bert W. O'Malley, M.D.

PMID- 1095360
TI  - Citation for the Eli Lilly Lecturer of the Endocrine Society for 1975 to Howard
      A. Bern, Ph.D.

PMID- 1095361
TI  - Citation for the Ayerst Award of the Endocrine Society for 1975 to Maurice S.
      Raben, M.D.

PMID- 1095362
TI  - Localization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the preoptic area and
      hypothalamus of the rat using radioimmunoassay.
AB  - To determine the localization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH),
      five brains from adult male rats were serially sectioned in a cryostat at - 10 C
      in either the frontal, horizontal or sagittal planes. Acetic acid-ethanol
      extracts of each section were assayed for LHRH using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and
      in some cases using bioassay as well. Approximately 0.2 ng LHRH was concentrated
      in medial basal preoptic (MB-PO) tissue overlying the rostral portion of the
      optic chiasm. This LHRH appears to be associated with the organum vasculosum of
      the lamina terminalis and/or adjacent neural tissue. Uniform, low levels of LHRH
      were detected in hypothalamic tissue between the preoptic area (POA) and arcuate
      median eminence (ARC-ME) region. In the ARC-ME region 2.7 ng of LHRH were
      concentrated primarily in the median eminence. The lateral distribution of LHRH
      in the ARC-ME region extended beyond the median eminence into tissue
      corresponding to the lateral aspect of the ventromedial nucleus. Concomitant
      bioassay and RIA determinations of LHRH were highly correlated. Of the sections
      bioassayed, only those sections containing LHRH released FSH. These results
      confirm the presence of LHRH in the POA and in the rostral hypothalamus of the
      rat brain. The possible significance of LHRH in the POA for the regulation of LH
      release is discussed.

PMID- 1095363
TI  - Effect of alloxan on permeability and hexose transport in rat pancreatic islets.
AB  - The in vitro effect of alloxan exposure on the permeability of collagenase
      isolated rat pancreatic islets to sucrose, D-mannitol, and L-glucose has been
      investigated. Determination of changes in cell volume with a non-wash double
      label isotope procedure indicates that alloxan treatment exerts no measurable
      effect on permeability to sucrose, D-mannitol, or L-glucose as compared to
      nonalloxan-treated islets. In addition, neither prior exposure nor the
      concomitant presence of alloxan alters the rate of D-glucose or 3-0-methyl-D
      glucose transport into rat pancreatic islets. It is concluded that the in vitro
      effect of alloxan on abolishing glucose-induced insulin release in isolated rat
      pancreatic islets does not appear to be the result of permeability changes to
      small organic molecules or alteration in the transport of D-glucose into the beta
      cell.

PMID- 1095364
TI  - Biological aspects of cytochrome P450 and associated hydroxylation reactions.
AB  - A review is made of the distribution and functions of cytochrome P450 in various
      tissues. "Normal" levels of the enzyme are tabulated and factors inducing higher
      levels are discussed. Evidence suggestive of the existence of different species
      of the enzyme is discussed, as is the hyothesis that genetically defective (or
      absent) isoenzymes of cytochrome P450 can provide an explanation for the clinical
      findings caused by the adrenogenital syndrome.

PMID- 1095365
TI  - Some reflections on clinical research.
AB  - The place of clinical research in the veterinary profession is discussed against
      the author's personal experiences and in the context of how research workers,
      clinicians, teachers and veterinary students might be brought into a more
      cohesive unit through the development of a Faculty of clinical research and
      experimental medicine. It is argued that students should receive training in
      research and teaching and that  efforts should be made to break down the attitude
      of "them" and "us" which tends to separate the clinicians and academics.

PMID- 1095366
TI  - Surgical repair of cleft palate in the horse.
AB  - Surgical repair of a cleft palate was carried out in three horses. Mandibular
      symphisotomy allowed adequate exposure of the defect. The first subject, a young
      foal died from inhalation pneumonia but the other two made satisfactory
      recoveries. The problems of closure of the lip and symphysis are discussed.

PMID- 1095367
TI  - Maintenance of fertility in the horse including artificial insemination.
AB  - A high fertility  rate depends on many different factors and is always related to
      inheritance and enviorment. The successful feritly control system in the German
      Thoroughbred breeding industry shows that fertility can be increased by good
      management and  veterinary supervision. The  insemination of horses with frozen
      semen is discussed. Replacement of natural service by A.I. with frozen semen is
      not generally  accepted in horsebreeding, as the conditions are entirely
      different from cattle breeding. However, there are several ways in which A.I. can
      be assistance in stud management.

PMID- 1095368
TI  - Structure and function of the genome of coliphage T5. Transcription in vitro of
      the "nicked" and "nick-free" T5+ DNA.
AB  - Purified T5+ DNA in nicked form and after repair of the specific single-strand
      interruptions with DNA ligase was used in transcription studies using Escherichia
      coli RNA polymerase (holoenzyme) in the presence and absence of E. coli
      termination protein rho. The transcriptional products were analyzed with respect
      to their size distribution and the sequences transcribed from the different
      templates. The results indicate that the single-strand breaks in the DNA of
      bacteriophage T5, though in genetically defined positions, do not have any
      specific effect on transcription in vitro. Furthermore, the E. coli rho protein,
      although it depresses net RNA synthesis and reduces the average molecular weight
      of the transcripts, seems to act in a non-specific way in this system.

PMID- 1095369
TI  - Glucose catabolite repression in Escherichia coli K12 mutants defective in methyl
      alpha-d-glucoside transport.
AB  - 1. Two spontaneous Escherichia coli K12 mutants resistant to glucose catabolite
      repression were isolated using minimal agar plates with methyl alpha-D-glucoside.
      Mutants grow well on glucose and mannitol. 2. Glucose does not inhibit the
      inducible enzyme synthesis in isolated mutants: mutant cell (in contrast to
      parent cells) produce high levels of beta-galactosidase and L-tryptophanase under
      the conditions of glucose catabolite repression. 3. The isolated mutants are
      negative in methyl-alpha-D-glucoside transport; glucose uptake is not severely
      damaged. But the mutants (named tgl, transport of glucose) retained the ability
      to phosphorylate methyl alpha-D-glucoside in vitro at the expense of
      phosphoenolpyruvate. 4. The tgl mutation is cotransduced with purB and pyrC
      markers, i.e. locates near 24 min of the E. coli chromosome map. 5. It is thought
      that E. coli cells possess two glucose transport systems. The first one is
      represented by the glucose-specific enzyme II of the phosphoenolpyruvate
      dependent phosphotransferase system. The second glucose transport system (coded
      for tgl gene) functions as permease and possesses high affinity to methyl alpha-D
      glucoside. The integrity of glucose permease determine the sensitivity of the
      cell to glucose catabolite repression.

PMID- 1095370
TI  - Nuclease digestion of synthetase x tRNA complexes.
AB  - Phenylalanyl-tRNA and seryl-tRNA synthetase protect strongly though not
      completely their cognate tRNAs against nuclease attack, as had been shown
      previously. In an investigation of the mechanism of protection it was
      demonstrated that the low susceptibility of phenylalanyl-tRNA-synthetase x tRNA
      Phe complexes to nucleases is due to free tRNA present in equilibrium with
      synthetase. The equilibrium can be shifted by an excess of synthetase or by
      dilution of the complex. It therefore appears that synthetase competes with the
      nuclease for free tRNA. Degradation of the complex is low, however, because under
      the conditions of partial digestion the synthetase has a greater affinity for the
      tRNA than does the nuclease. Fragmented tRNAs, as they are formed during partial
      nuclease digestion, bind to synthetase to different degrees. tRNA-Phe with a
      lesion in the dihydrouridine loop binds very poorly whereas a nick in the
      anticodon loop reduces the strength of binding to a much lesser extent. In a
      systematic study of the stoichiometry of protection it was confirmed that under
      standard conditions one phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase protects one tRNA-Phe and
      one seryl-tRNA synthetase two tRNA-Ser molecules against nuclease attack. Under
      certain conditions, however, (concentration of the complex higher than 10 mu-M,
      or alternately in buffers of low ionic strength) it is observed that phenylalanyl
      tRNA synthetase binds up to 1.6 molecules tRNA-Phe. In the serine system, these
      special conditions do not affect the binding properties of seryl-tRNA synthetase.

PMID- 1095371
TI  - Studies on bacteriophage M13 DNA. 2. The gene order of the M13 genome.
AB  - The double-stranded replicative form DNA of bacteriophage M13 was cleaved into 13
      specific fragments by the restriction endonuclease from Haemophilus aphirophilus.
      The individual DNA fragments from wild-type replicative form molecules were then
      annealed to circular, single-stranded DNAs of phage M13, bearing amber mutations
      as genetic markers. When such DNA hybrids infected competent Escherichia coli
      cells, only those duplexes which were genetically heterozygous gave rise to wild
      type phages in the progeny. In this way, the genetic markers carried on the
      individual DNA fragments could be determined. In addition, marker rescue in each
      gene was obtained with the 10 specific fragments of M13 replicative form DNA,
      produced by cleavage with the restriction endonuclease from Haemophilus
      aegyptius. From these results and the enzyme cleavage maps of both types of
      restriction fragments a distribution of genetic markers along the physical map
      could be obtained, which allowed an arrangement of M13 genes into a genetic map.
      Evidence is presented that the gene order of M13 is: IV-(I,VI)-III-VIII-VII-V-II
      with II and IV being contiguous on the circular map.

PMID- 1095372
TI  - The effect of tRNA derivatives bound with natural or synthetic mRNA on the
      interaction of Escherichia coli ribosomes with colicin E3.
AB  - Ribosomal binding complexes directed by poly(U) or T4 mRNA were formed with
      aminoacyl-tRNA or its derivatives bound to predominantly the P or A binding site.
      The defined binding complexes were reacted with colicin E3 and the reaction was
      assessed by the ability of the complexes to proceed with polypeptide synthesis.
      The results indicated that only one of the four complexes tested was completely
      resistant to colicin E3-induced inactivation: that of Phe-tRNA bound in the
      presence of poly(U) to the A-site. The poly(U) directed complex of AcPhe-tRNA and
      the T4-mRNA-directed complex at the A-site appeared slightly resistant, while the
      T4 mRNA initiation complex was inactivated by colicin E3 in a manner similar to
      non-complexed ribosomes. Colicin E3 added to ribosomes after protein synthesis
      had been initiated affected the subsequent polymerization in a manner
      corresponding to the response of the binding complexes. Thus, poly(U)-translating
      ribosomes were less affected than ribosomes translating the viral mRNA. The
      vulnerability of natural-mRNA-directed binding complexes to inactivation by
      colicin E3 is in accord with the mode of inactivation by the colicin in vivo.

PMID- 1095373
TI  - Comparative effect of heparin on RNA synthesis of isolated rat-liver nucleoli and
      purified RNA polymerase A.
AB  - The polyanion heparin has been employed to study the interaction of rat liver DNA
      dependent RNA polymerase A and its template under various conditions. Heparin
      very efficiently inhibits polymerase molecules, which are not bound to DNA or are
      associated with the template in a loose, i.e. non-specific fashion. Purified
      nucleoli, isloated from rat liver nuclei, contain RNA polymerase A in abundant
      quantities of which only a portion is bound in a transcriptional complex. Excess
      enzyme, which is contained in the nucleolus in a quasi free form, can be
      transferred to an exogenously added template and can be completely inhibited by
      the prior addition of heparin. The enzyme contained in a transcriptional complex,
      however, initiated in vivo and completing these RNA chains in vitro, is fully
      resistant to heparin. In contrast to these results it has been found that RNA
      polymerase A extracted from nuclei and purified by various chromatographic steps
      does not form heparin-resistant complexes, even after the enzyme has been bound
      to the DNA template. Moreover it has been found that purified RNA polymerase A
      transcribes truly native DNA extremely poorly, indicating that the enzyme is
      highly deficient in the act of initiation on duplex DNA. It is therefore
      questionable whether the interaction of the purified enzyme and isolated DNA
      represents binding to true initiation complexes as is observed in the intact
      nucleolus.

PMID- 1095374
TI  - Madopar versus sinemet. A clinical study on their effectiveness.
AB  - Fifteen well-documented Parkinson patients treated with Madopar were switched to
      Sinemet for 3 months. The results were measured with an objective test procedure
      and compared. The effects of Madopar and Sinemet were equal provided th amount of
      levodopa was the same. There was one drop-out, because of ventricular
      extrasystoles. Attention is paid to the occurrence of involuntary hyperkinesias
      and the on-off-effect.

PMID- 1095375
TI  - Gaseous persufflation during machine perfusion of human kidneys before
      transplantation.
AB  - Massive air embolisation (persufflation) of four machine-perfused human kidneys
      occurred during preservation. This lasted for 60-120 min and caused increasing
      perfusion resistance. Pressure and flow returned to normal within 2 h after
      reperfusion. All kidneys showed immediate function after transplantation.
      Experiments with dog kidneys revealed closure of cortical vessels and increased
      kidney temperature during persufflation. Cortical flow became normal after 1 h of
      reperfusion.

PMID- 1095376
TI  - Immunological responsiveness against two primary antigens in untreated patients
      with Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1095377
TI  - The dose-related effect of tumour extract on the in vitro migration of leucocytes
      from patients with renal carcinoma.

PMID- 1095378
TI  - Hemopoietic colony forming units in fresh and cryopreserved peripheral blood
      cells of canines and man.
AB  - Colony forming units (CFUa) were assayed in the peripheral blood and separated
      mononuclear cells of canines and man.  Fresh and cryopreserved samples were
      studied.  By plating 3 x 10-5 canine buffy coat cells or 3 x 10-6 human buffy
      coat cells between 33 plus or minus 6.6 and 38 plus or minus 1.0 colonies were
      observed.  A high degree of reproducibility was shown for duplicate plates and on
      repeated testing.  Cryopreservation for a one-month period resulted in a minimal
      recovery of 80 per cent CFUa for canine cells and 96 per cent for human cells. 
      In vivo correlation between peripheral blood CFUa and marrow repopulation was
      assessed indogs following supralethal whole body irradiation.  Prompt
      repopulation of the marrow was observed and this correlated well with the CFUa
      assay following infusion of stored buffy coat cells.  It was concluded that the
      peripheral blood of both man and dog have significant numbers of cells with CFUa
      capabilities that may be potentially useful for marrow grafting purposes.

PMID- 1095379
TI  - Factors which influence development of macrophage-layer and spleen colonies in
      mice.
AB  - Irradiated mice infused with bone marrow cells developed colonies both in the
      spleen and on the macrophage layer of the cellulose acetate membrane which had
      been inserted into their peritoneal cavity. Factors influencing the ratio of
      spleen to macrophage-layer colonies were examined. The ratio of the colonies
      depended on the condition of the recipients rather than the condition of the
      injected cells provided there was no marked histoincompatibility between donors
      and recipients.

PMID- 1095380
TI  - Treatment of canine malignancies by 1200 R total body irradiation and autologous
      marrow grafts.
AB  - Twenty-five dogs with malignant lymphoma (L) and 18 dogs with solid,
      nonhematologic tumors (ST) were treated with 1200 R total body irradiation (TBI).
      Rescue from the otherwise lethal hemopoietic toxicity by infusion of autologous
      marrow aspirated before TBI was attempted, and survival, response to TBI, and
      immune reactivity post-grafting were determined. Eight L dogs survived more than
      14 days post TBI and marrow grafting, and 12 out of 19 evaluable dogs showed a
      decrease of 75 per cent or more in clinically detectable tumor. There was no
      evident relationship between clinical status or marrow status before TBI and
      survival of more than 14 days or tumor response to TBI. Seven of the 8 survivors
      ultimately developed recurrent tumor. Eight ST dogs survived more than 14 days.
      Only 4 of 14 evaluable ST dogs showed significant clinical response of their
      tumor to TBI. Humoral and cellular immune reactivity were significantly impaired
      during the 10-week period following TBI and marrow grafting in all dogs studied.
      These results indicate that therapy in addition to lethal doses of TBI is
      necessary to cure spontaneous L or to significantly affect ST in dogs. They also
      provide baseline data which are necessary to assess the immunotherapeutic
      effectiveness of allogeneic marrow grafts.

PMID- 1095381
TI  - Bone marrow regeneration after local injury: a review.
AB  - This paper is focused on a mechanically depleted medullary cavity as an
      experimental model for analysis of marrow regenerative programs. The
      reconstitution of marrow in an evacuated cavity is basically a local phenomenon
      in respect to the stimulus for regeneration and the origin of the responsible
      cells. The nature of the triggering stimulus is unknown, but it is probably
      related to disruption of the continuity of the marrow stroma and endosteum. The
      initiating cells appear to be independent lines of mesenchymal and hematopoietic
      stem cells bound to bone, most likely within the endosteum and haversian system.
      The mesenchymal cells form the characteristic marrow stroma. Hemic cell
      regeneration can occur without immigrant hematopoietic stem cells, although such
      cells are known to contribute to later stages of repopulation. The formation and
      resorption of trabecular bone appears to be intimately related to the development
      of a sinusoidal matrix, perhaps by serving as a callus or supporting lattice and
      perhaps by providing a mechanism for distribution of stromal progenitors.
      Hematopoiesis is initiated in sites of active bone resorptive. The interplay of
      events consequent to marrow removal is strikingly similar to that seen with
      heterotopic marrow implants. Because stromal stem cells, unlike hematopoietic
      stem cells, do not migrate from distant sites, marrow stroma is the limiting
      factor in recovery from localized injury. Stromal stem cells are fairly
      radiosensitive but are not as sensitive as hematopoietic stem cells. The apparent
      radioresistance of stromal elements in an intact marrow seems to be due to their
      very low turnover rate. Latent radiation damage can be readily unmasked by
      conditions that promote their proliferation. This no doubt accounts for the
      radiosensitivity of stroma in an evacuated femur or heterotopic implant in
      contrast to its continued functional integrity with similar irradiation of in
      situ marrow. Even in an intact marrow, however, exposures in the 1000 rad range
      can lead to slowly evolving hypocellularity associated with diminished blood
      flow. With higher doses, aplasia of the irradiated site becomes progressively
      more generalized. It remains to be seen whether this limiting condition is due to
      the loss of specific regulatory functions or stromal components or merely
      reflects sinusoidal damage.

PMID- 1095382
TI  - In Memoriam: Pierre L'Esperance 1940-1974.

PMID- 1095383
TI  - In Memoriam: Frederick Stohlman, Jr.

PMID- 1095384
TI  - Augmentation of marrow growth by thymocytes separated by discontinuous albumin
      density-gradient centrifugation.
AB  - Mouse thymocytes were separated by discontinuous albumin density-gradient
      centrifugation. The ability of B6 thymocytes from the gradient fractions to
      increase the number of spleen nodules formed by B6 marrow cells in B6D2F1
      recipients was compared with that of similar numbers of B6 thymocytes from an
      unfractionated cell suspension. Thymocytes from any of the gradient fractions
      were not more effective than thymocytes from an unfractionated suspension in
      augmenting marrow-cell growth, indicating that the presumptive 'effective cell
      type' in this system cannot be separated from the total thymocyte population by
      its buoyant density properties.

PMID- 1095385
TI  - Molecular weight estimation of two carboxylic ester hydrolases of Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 1095386
TI  - Flashing phenomenon in blood platelets stained with fluorescent basic drugs.

PMID- 1095387
TI  - Lung inflammation in immunity to Schistosoma mansoni.

PMID- 1095388
TI  - Effect of pimozide, a dopaminergic blocking agent, on hypothalamic luteinizing
      hormone releasing hormone activity in hypophysectomized rats.

PMID- 1095389
TI  - A23187 and red cells: changes in deformability, K+, Mg-2+, Ca-2+ and ATP.

PMID- 1095390
TI  - Inhibitors of the adhesiveness of enteropathogenic E. coli.
AB  - The entero-pathogenic strain of E. coli 0125: K 70 was able to adhere to washed
      guinea-pig erythrocytes and to cause their agglutination. Electron microscopy
      revealed this strain to be rich in fimbriae. They were able to cause
      hemagglutination by themselves, generally at protein concentration of 10 to 100
      mug per ml. D-mannose and alpha-methylmannoside were able to inhibit
      hemagglutination by the whole bacteria or their isolated fimbriae at
      concentrations of 0.003 to 0.012 mg/ml. L-mannose, D-lactose, D-glucose, N
      acetylglucosamine, D-galactose, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, D-fucose, did not exert
      any inhibiting effect at concentrations as high as 50 mg/ml. N-acetyl-neuraminic
      acid was also uneffective at concentration as high as 9 mg/ml.

PMID- 1095391
TI  - Effect of drug-induced increase of brain GABA levels on penicillin focus.

PMID- 1095392
TI  - A technique for chromosome analysis of small rodents without sacrificing the
      animal.

PMID- 1095393
TI  - [B-lymphocytes subpopulation. Rapid identification with a histoimmunological
      method (author's transl)].
AB  - After extraction of tissues (spleen, thymus, blood) B cell bearing surface
      immunoglobulins were specifically labelled with Fab-peroxidase conjugate in light
      and electron microscopy. Positive and negative labelled lymphocyte were counted.
      This procedure allowed us to quantitate B and T cell in different diseases in
      peripheral blood and within lesions. It may represent a new immunopathological
      approach.

PMID- 1095394
TI  - Hairless mice, human leprosy and thymus-derived-lymphocytes.

PMID- 1095395
TI  - Effect of excision repair system on antibacterial and mutagenic activity of
      daunomycin and other intercalating agents in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Daunomycin and adriamycin, are more mutagenic and antibacterial for a strain of
      Salmonella typhimurium defective for the uvrB gene than for its uvr+ counterpart.
      Other intercalating agents, as some acridine dyes, affect equally the two
      bacterial strains.

PMID- 1095396
TI  - Does pentagastrin supress secretin induced pepsin secretion in Heidenhain pouch
      dogs?
AB  - Secretin-stimulated pepsin secretion from Heidenhain pouches was significantly
      depressed by concomitant pentagastrin. Pentagastrin by itself was without effect
      on pouch pepsin. Methacholine, on the other hand, did not antagonize secretin
      stimulated pouch pepsin.

PMID- 1095397
TI  - Excitation of acid and pepsin secretion by Cholecystokinin-Pancreozymin in Pavlov
      and Heidenhain pouches of the rat.

PMID- 1095398
TI  - Are there somatostatin-containing nerves in the rat gut? Immunohistochemical
      evidence for a new type of peripheral nerves.
AB  - Antibodies to somatostatin, a recently isolated hypothalamic peptide inhibiting
      growth hormone release, were used in immunohistochemical studies on the
      gastrointestinal tract. Somatostatin containing cells in the stomach, and
      somatostatin-containing nerves in the small and large intestine, could be
      demonstrated. These findings give evidence of a new type of nerve in the gut.

PMID- 1095399
TI  - U.S. organized family planning programs in FY 1974.
AB  - Most organized family planning programs combine the delivery of contraceptive
      services with a wide range of preventive health services. An estimated 3.3
      million women, 97 percent of all who received family planning services in
      organized programs in FY 1974, received one or more medical services. At least
      2.7 mission women received each of the 'core' medical services recommended by
      DHEW -- pap smear, blood pressure and pelvic and breast examinations. About 2.4
      million women were tested for VD; 2.1 million women received urinalyses and 1.9
      million received blood tests. Other services provided included pregnancy testing,
      infertility workup, and rubella and sickle cell screening.

PMID- 1095400
TI  - [Restoration and development of the pharmaceutical economy of the Ukrainian SSR
      in the postwar years].

PMID- 1095401
TI  - [Chemical and pharmaceutical industry of the Ukrainian SSR during the years of
      the Great Fatherland War (1941-1945)].

PMID- 1095402
TI  - [Great victory].

PMID- 1095403
TI  - Yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase: properties of the sulfhydryl groups; evidence
      for -SH requirement in tRNA acylation.

PMID- 1095404
TI  - Yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase: isolation of subunits on organomercurial
      sepharose columns.

PMID- 1095405
TI  - Amino acid sequence of elongation factor Tu. Sequence of a region containing the
      thiol group essential for GTP binding.

PMID- 1095406
TI  - Synthesis of a mixed disulfide of egg white lysozyme and glutathione - a model
      substrate for enzymatic reduction of protein mixed disulfides.

PMID- 1095407
TI  - Fractionation of yeast mitochondrial tRNA-Tyr and tRNA-Leu.

PMID- 1095408
TI  - Exchange of the sigma subunit of RNA polymerase.

PMID- 1095409
TI  - Evidence for an extra-chromosomal element involved in mitochondrial function: a
      mitochondrial episome?

PMID- 1095410
TI  - Quantitative study of the ionic interactions between yeast tRNA-Val and tRNA-Phe
      and their cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligases.

PMID- 1095411
TI  - Isolation of a factor that stimulates cleavage of ribosomal bound N-acetyl or N
      formyl methionyl tRNA-Met.

PMID- 1095412
TI  - Changes in accessibility to chemical modification of Escherichia coli ribosomes
      induced by streptomycin.

PMID- 1095413
TI  - The effect of oxamicetin and some amicetin analogs on ribosomal peptidyl
      transferase.

PMID- 1095414
TI  - Kinetics of reconstruction of holo-transketolase.

PMID- 1095415
TI  - The stimulation of labelled polynucleotide binding to Krebs II ascites and
      Escheria coli ribosomes by deacylated tRNAs.

PMID- 1095416
TI  - A fragment of 23S RNA containing a nucleotide sequence complementary to a region
      of 5S RNA.

PMID- 1095417
TI  - The behaviour of phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acid with 3'-terminal
      formycin in protein biosynthesis using a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system.

PMID- 1095418
TI  - Hydrophobic and biospecific chromatography in the purification of maltodextrin
      phosphorylase from E. coli.

PMID- 1095419
TI  - The subunits of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from E. coli: I. Amino acid analysis
      and primary structure of the N-terminal regions.

PMID- 1095420
TI  - An unspecific RNA (adenine-1-)methylase from the dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium
      cohnii.

PMID- 1095421
TI  - Lack of positive correlation between cell respiration and cytochrome content in
      galactose-grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 1095422
TI  - Isolation of an infectious RNA-A-protein complex from the bacteriophage M12.

PMID- 1095423
TI  - Location of resistance to the alkaloid narciclasine in the 60S ribosomal subunit.

PMID- 1095424
TI  - Influence of the pituitary gland from the homozygote (+/+) and heterozygote
      (ob/+) lean mouse on insulin secretion in vitro.

PMID- 1095425
TI  - Glycosyltransferases: do they exist on the surface membrane of mammalian cells?

PMID- 1095426
TI  - [Organization of assistance to partisans during the great civil war].

PMID- 1095427
TI  - [The heroism of paramedical workers during the great civil war].

PMID- 1095428
TI  - [Medical museum of military glory].

PMID- 1095429
TI  - [Military feldshers, nurses and health instructors in literature during the great
      civil war].

PMID- 1095430
TI  - [P. G. Kostiuk (onhis 50th birthday)].

PMID- 1095431
TI  - [Semiautomatic microinjector for studying cardiac output by the thermodilution
      method in small mammals].

PMID- 1095432
TI  - Current concepts of antibiotic therapy.

PMID- 1095433
TI  - Some recent immunologic developments in the etiology and treatment of systemic
      lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1095434
TI  - [Clinical study of a copper IUD, T Cu 200].

PMID- 1095435
TI  - Induction of ovulation.

PMID- 1095436
TI  - [A radioimmunoassay of progesterone. Serum progesterone concentrations after
      synthetic LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) administrations].

PMID- 1095437
TI  - [Studies on LH and FSH levels in blood after administration of synthetic
      tetrapeptide and decapeptide].

PMID- 1095438
TI  - Calcium antagonists and islet function. I. Inhibition of insulin release by
      verapamil.
AB  - Verapamil is a potent calcium antagonist known to inhibit excitation-contraction
      coupling in both myocardium and myometrium. Its effect upon glucose- and
      sulfonylurea-induced insulin release was investigated in the isolated perfused
      rat pancreas. After twenty-five minutes' pretreatment and at concentrations
      ranging between 0.8 and 8.1 muM, verapamil caused a dose-related inhibition of
      glucose-induced insulin release during both the early and late phase of the
      secretory process. At a concentration of 0.8 muM, the degree of inhibition was
      more marked when the exposure time to verapamil prior to stimulation with glucose
      was increased to sixty minutes. Verapamil also inhibited gliclazide-induced
      insulin release. Infusion of verapamil during the late phase of the secretory
      response to glucose demonstrated that the inhibition of insulin release was an
      immediate and reversible phenomenon. The inhibitory effect of verapamil was
      enhanced at a subnormal calcium concentration and reduced at a high calcium
      concentration. These findings are consistent with the well-known calcium
      dependency of both glucose- and sulfonylurea-induced insulin release and suggest
      that verapamil might be a promising tool for further studies on the interactions
      between cations and secretagogues in the beta-cell secretory process.

PMID- 1095439
TI  - Basal and postprotein insulin and glucagon levels during a high and low
      carbohydrate intake and their relationships to plasma triglycerides.
AB  - The effects of acute and chronic differences in the carbohydrate content of the
      diet on plasma insulin, glucagon, insulin-glucagon molar ratio (I/G), and
      triglycerides were studied. Acute effects were studied by varying the
      carbohydrate content of a single test meal, while chronic effects were determined
      by varying the carbohydrate content of the diet for a week. A test meal
      containing 0.6 gm of gelatin per kilogram plus 0.6 gm. per kilogram of glucose
      resulted in much higher levels of insulin and I/G (p smaller than 0.005), lower
      glucagon levels (p smaller than 0.05), and slightly higher triglycerides (N.S.)
      than did a meal of 1.2 gm, per kilogram of gelatin alone. One week of a 12 gm.
      carbohydrate, 2870-calorie diet lowered insulin (p smaller than 0.001), I/G (p
      smaller than 0.05), and triglycerides (p smaller than 0.001) and increased
      glucagon (N.S.), whereas a 390-gm. carbohydrate, 2784-calorie intake
      significantly increased insulin, I/G, and triglycerides (p smaller than 0.005)
      and lowered glucagon (p smaller than 0.02) within two days; even greater changes
      in hormones were observed on a 510-gm. carbohydrate intake. Of those patients in
      whom a high carbohydrate intake induced a triglyceride rise of at least 40 mg.
      per deciliter, a significant correlation between the change in I/G and the change
      in triglycerides was noted (r equals 0.85; p smaller than 0.01). The results are
      compatible with but do not prove the proposal that pancreatic alpha and beta
      cells play a mediating role in carbohydrate induction of hyperlipidemia.

PMID- 1095440
TI  - Paradoxical glucagon response after stimulation with glucose and arginine in
      isolated pancreatic sand rat islets.
AB  - Isolated pancreatic islets of normoglycemic sand rats do not respond to 2.5 mM
      glucose with an enhanced glucagon secretion, which could be observed in normal
      Wistar rats. Arginine stimulates glucagon release in the presence of 2.5 mM
      glucose in Wistar rats as well as in sand rats. The secretion pattern is not
      caused by insulin deficiency since sand rat islets are characterized by an
      increased insulin secretion rate in vitro. This paradoxical glucagon secretion is
      not caused by a changed glucagon content but might be related to this species
      which is able to develop a diabetic syndrome spontaneously.

PMID- 1095441
TI  - An apparent abnormaltiy of the B-cell microtubular system in spiny mice (Acomys
      cahirinus).
AB  - The pancreatic B-cell contains microtubules, which are thought to participate in
      the process of insulin release. In order to disclose a possible abnormaltiy of
      this B-cell microtubular system in animals with islet dysfunction, isolated
      islets from normal rats and mice, as well as from diabetic mutant mice (DBM mice)
      and from spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) were incubated in the presence of
      vincristine, which causes the precipitation of the microtubular protein into
      paracrystalline deposits. Ultrastructural examination of the islets indicated
      that the volume-density of vincristine-induced deposits was markedly reduced in B
      cells of spiny mice, when compared to that found in normal rats and mice and DBM
      mice. Exposure of the islets from spiny mice to a high glucose concentration,
      concomittantly to vincristine, caused a further reduction in vincristine-induced
      crystals content of the B-cell. It is speculated that an impairment of the B-cell
      microtubular system may account for the deficiency of insulin release found in
      spiny mice.

PMID- 1095442
TI  - The role of glucagon in endoscopic cholangiopancreatography.

PMID- 1095443
TI  - [Carcinoma of the uterine cervix and herpes simplex virus type 2. Investigations
      on the causal relationship (author's transl)].
AB  - Epidemiological serological studies have shown that women with carcinoma of the
      uterine cervix show a higher incidence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV 2)
      than controls. The attempt to demonstrate the genomic DNS of the HSV 2 in cells
      of carcinoma of the cervix by experiments of hybridization is reported. The
      investigations were carried out directly on material from carcinoma of the cervix
      and also on cell cultures from tumor material. The majority of the cultures grew
      fibroblasts but some cultures grew cells with the characteristics of malignant
      cells. The hybridization of DNS from portions of carcinoma or of DNS from cell
      cultures with complementary HSV 2 radioactive RNS showed in no case HSV-2-DNS in
      a quantity of one or one half genomic equivalent per cell. These investigations
      suggest that a casual relationship between carcinoma of the uterine cervix and an
      infection with HSV 2 is unlikely. However, it cannot be excluded that carcinoma
      of the uterine cervix has different quantitative proportions than the Burkitt
      lymphoma and that only a fraction of the genomic material of the virus (smaller
      than 1/10) is incorporated into the malignant cell.

PMID- 1095444
TI  - The dominance of exrB over exrB+ in heterodiploids of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1095445
TI  - Age-related changes in the bone marrow and spleen of SAS/4 mice.
AB  - The total number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow of SAS/4 mice increase
      some twofold between 1 and 24 months of age but when related to body weight
      remains essentially constant over a wide range of ages. The concentration of CFU
      S in femoral marrow is also constant with age and since other bones containing
      marrow appear, at least in young mice, to have the same CFU-S concentration as
      the femur it is concluded that the CFU-S compartment size of the whole bone
      marrow is independent of age when expressed on a body weight basis, In contrast,
      both the absolute number and the concentration of exogenous CFU-S in the spleen
      decline markedly in old mice. Smilary there is a decline in the number of
      endogenous colony-forming cells and the spleens of 24-month-old mice seem
      virtually devoid of such colonies. Not only were older mice less capable of
      supporting the growth of endogenous colonies, but their spleens also appear to
      provide a poorer environment for exogenous colony growth when compared with
      growth in younger recipient spleens.

PMID- 1095446
TI  - Recent articles in ageing research. List No. 14, collected November 1974- January
      1975.

PMID- 1095447
TI  - [Asymptomatic bacteriuria and pyelonephritis during pregnancy. II. Postpartum
      bacteriological control].

PMID- 1095448
TI  - [Current perspectives of fetal monitoring].

PMID- 1095449
TI  - [Evaluation of a phytotherapeutic drug in the treatment of urinary incontinence].

PMID- 1095450
TI  - [Study of unheated filtrates of cultures of mycobacteria. II. Isolation of
      catalase of the filtrate of cultures of BCG-Poland bacilli and its biological
      activity].

PMID- 1095451
TI  - [Study of unheated filtrates of cultures of mycobacteria. III. Secies specificity
      of dialysable components of M. bovis (BCG-Poland) filtrates and M. kansasii].

PMID- 1095452
TI  - Serum antibodies in human pancreatic disease.
AB  - An immunofluorescent study of sera from patients with various pancreatic diseases
      and from controls was carried out using human pancreas as substrate. A
      reproducible pattern of immunofluorscence, consisting of a coarse granular
      appearance in the cytoplasm of acinar cells of the pancreas and independent of
      the ABO blood group system was found. This occurred in 21 of 61 patients with
      acute pancreatitis; it was not found in other pancreatic diseases, and occurred
      in only four of 170 control subjects consisting of mixed hospital patients and
      healthy adults. Preliminary absorption experiments suggest that the  antigen is
      located in the microsomal fraction of pancreatic homogenates and may be organ
      specific. The relationship of positive antibody tests to aetiological factors is
      discussed.

PMID- 1095453
TI  - Proceedings: A controlled trial of repeated halothane anaesthetics in patients
      with carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated with radium.

PMID- 1095454
TI  - Proceedings: Antibodies reacting with human exocrine pancreas.

PMID- 1095455
TI  - [Induction of ovulation in amenorrhea using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone as
      nasal drops].

PMID- 1095456
TI  - [The lymphocyte, the plasmocyte and the immune response].

PMID- 1095457
TI  - [Editorial: Ante-partum diagnosis of spina bifida and anencephalus].

PMID- 1095458
TI  - [Computer assisted tomography of the head].

PMID- 1095459
TI  - [Ophthalmology in the Talmudic Period. Part IV. Diseases of the eyes].

PMID- 1095460
TI  - The promoters and bidirectional transcription in the immC region of P 22 and L
      phages.
AB  - It is proposed that the transcription of the c-2 repressor gene initiates at two
      promoters, pre and prm, similarly to the transcription of the c-I gene of lambda
      phage. In the P22 phage, these promoters are defined by mutations of c54 and K5.

PMID- 1095461
TI  - Penicillinamidohydrolase in Escherichia coli. I. Substrate specificity.
AB  - Substrate specificity of the bacterial penicillinamidohydrolase
      (penicillinacylase, EC 3.5.1.11) from Escherichia coli was determined by
      measuring initial rates of enzyme hydrolysis of different substrates within zero
      order kinetics. Some N-phenylacetyl derivatives of amino acids and amides of
      phenylacetic acid and phenoxyacetic acid of different substituted amides of these
      acids or amides, structurally and chemically similar to these compounds, served
      as substrates. Significant differences in ratios of initial rates of the enzyme
      hydrolysis of different substrates were found using a toluenized suspension of
      bacterial cells or a crude enzyme preparation, in spite of the fact that the
      enzyme is localized between the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane, in the so
      called periplasmic space. N-phenylacetyl derivatives are the most rapidly
      hydrolyzed substrates. Beta-phenylpropionamide and 4-phenylbutyramide were not
      utilized as substrates. The substrate specificity of the enzyme is discussed with
      respect to a possible use of certain colourless compounds as substrates,
      hydrolysis of which yields chromophor products suitable for a simple and rapid
      assay of the enzyme activity.

PMID- 1095462
TI  - Growth of Cryptococcus neoformans in UV-irradiated excreta of pigeons.
AB  - UV irradiation of pigeon droppings resulted in an increased concentration of some
      inhibitors (peroxides) of growth of Cryptococcus neofarmans. This may be, in
      addition to the direct germicidal action of sunshine, another cause of the rare
      occurrence of this fungus in pigeon droppings on unsheltered sites in natural
      habitats.

PMID- 1095463
TI  - The in vitro and in vivo effects of carrageenin on humoral and cellular factors
      of natural resistance.
AB  - The inhibitory effect of carrageenin, a sulfated algal polygalactose, on humoral
      factors of natural resistance is discussed. In dependence on dose and time, the
      influence of non-specific and specific bacteriolysis, on the in vitro and in vivo
      opsonic activity and on the course of infection was studied.

PMID- 1095465
TI  - The angioarchitecture of the monkey brain.

PMID- 1095466
TI  - Developing a utilization review model for community mental health centers.
AB  - During their struggles to develop a utilization review model for a community
      mental health center, members of an interdisciplinary committee identified
      several issues they believe are important in establishing such a model. They
      include comprehensiveness of participation and of areas for review (the review
      committee should represent all disciplines and programs, and should be concerned
      with any aspect of center functioning), a problem-review approach in which
      subcommittees carry out documented studies of issues or problems, and specific
      provision for feedback and implementation of the results.

PMID- 1095464
TI  - Novel approaches to the mode of action of colicins.
AB  - According to the theory of Fredericq (1949) and Nomura (1964), colicins are
      attached by specific receptor sites in the cell walls of sensitive bacteria,
      which mediate their inhibitive effects. During last years, a great variety of
      experimental data have been accumulated, some of which cannot be easily
      interpreted in terms of this theory. There exist considerable discrepancies
      concerning the chemical nature and molecular weight of isolated receptors. The
      attachment of a colicin onto its receptor need not be irreversible. The
      inhibition of numerous membrane-associated functions in colicin-tolerant mutants
      suggests their pleiotropic deletion nature. The difference between colicin
      resistance and colicin tolerance does not seem to be clear-cut. Cells of stable L
      forms of protoplast type, completely devoid of their walls, retain in most cases
      the same patterns of sensitivity to colicins as rods of the same strains.
      Experimental changes in the relationship between the cell wall and the
      cytoplasmic membrane decrease colicin sensitivity of the cells. Colicin E3 has
      been found to be a specific endoribonuclease, able to cleave a terminal fragment
      from the 16 S rRNA also in isolated ribosomes in vitro: not only in ribosomes
      from sensitive bacteria, but also in those from resistant ones and from
      eukaryotic cells. A destabilization of the DNA helix was induced by colicin E2 in
      vitro as in vivo. It seems that there exist two distinct types of colicin
      receptors with different functions: those in the cell wall, and those in the
      cytoplasmic membrane. Only the contact of colicins with the latter ones is
      biologically effective and starts both stages of their inhibitive effect: the
      reversible and the irreversible ones.

PMID- 1095467
TI  - An interview with Rep. Dan Rostenkowski(D--ILL).

PMID- 1095468
TI  - Theodore Cooper, M.D., assistant secretary for health.

PMID- 1095469
TI  - Are validation surveys really valid?

PMID- 1095470
TI  - The 8.5 per cent differential: a question of erosion.

PMID- 1095471
TI  - Relation of structure to function in bacterial O-antigens--VII. Endotoxicity of
      'lipid A'.

PMID- 1095472
TI  - Adsorption in vitro to Escherichia coli of antibodies and other proteins in
      bovine serum and colostrum and its effects on the production of E. coli
      agglutinins.
AB  - IgGl, IgG2, IgA and IgM from bovine serum and colostrum are adsorbed by
      Escherichia coli in vitro; lactoferrin is also adsorbed from colostrum and alpha2
      macroglobulin from serum. The colostral adsorbed proteins on E. coli appear to
      reduce formation of agglutinins when the treated bacteria are injected into
      rabbits and guinea-pigs. Assay of the concentration of proteins dissociated from
      colostrum-treated cells showed equal amounts of secretory IgA AND IgGl, half that
      amount of IgG2, and traces of IgM and lactoferrin. Dissociation of proteins from
      serum-treated E. coli yielded equal amounts of IgGl and IgG2, traces of IgA and
      an alpha2 macroglobulin, but no IgM.

PMID- 1095473
TI  - Promotion of secondary anti-DNP antibody production in mice by type III
      pneumococcal polysaccharide (SIII) and dinitrophenylated rabbit antibody to SIII.
AB  - Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SIII) is able markedly to increase the
      adoptive IgG ANTI-DNP antibody response of B cells primed to DNP-flagellin and
      stimulated with DNP conjugated to the heterologous carrier, rabbit globulin,
      provided the latter has anti-SIII activity. The stimulatory effect is apparently
      accessory cell-dependent as well as being unequivocally T cell-dependent.
      Although no positive evidence is available, the possibility exists that non
      specific T-cell activation is involved in the stimulating effect of anti-SIII
      plus SIII.

PMID- 1095474
TI  - Splenic mediated erythrocyte cytotoxicity in malaria.
AB  - Cell-mediated cytotoxicity in virulent rodent malaria has been demonstrated in
      vitro, whereby splenic cells effected specific lysis of 51Cr-labelled
      erythrocytes from parasitized animals. More than one cellular cytolytic effector
      system appeared to be operative in the mouse. One effector system involved
      splenic macrophages, from normal or immune animals, which were increasingly
      cytotoxic to target cells in the presence of antibody. A second effector system
      involved nylonpurified immune spleen cells which were significantly more
      cytotoxic than similary prepared normal spleen cells in the presence of immune
      serum. Although antibody alone was not cytolytic, the data strengthen the concept
      that immune spleen cells and antibody can interact in a co-operative fashion to
      mediate cytotoxic reactions in malaria.

PMID- 1095475
TI  - Experimental aspergillosis in rats infected via intraperitoneal and subcutaneous
      routes.
AB  - Normal adult rats infected via the subcutaneous (s.c.) route with viable spores
      of Aspergillus fumigatus develop serum antibodies, measured by passive
      haemagglutination and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), to extracts of the
      fungus. No significant histological abnormality was detected but s.c. inoculation
      in cortisone-treated animals induced the formation of granulomas frequently found
      in lymph nodes including those of the mesentery and paratracheal group. These
      granulomas were associated with the presence of both spores and fungal hyphae.
      Intraperitoneal inoculation of A. fumigatus spores occasionally produced lesions
      containing hyphae in the liver, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. Lesions were
      more frequent and extensive in cortisone-treated rats where again they were most
      prominent in the mesenteric lymph nodes. None of the regimes produced fatal
      hyphal aspergillosis. Both normal and cortisone-treated rats developed serum
      agglutinins but not reagins following intraperitoneal injection of spores.

PMID- 1095476
TI  - Incorporation of stainless steel, titanium and Vitallium in bone.
AB  - Operative trauma, implant instability and corrosion are recognized as
      aetiological factors in the production of the soft-tissue capsule often present
      round a metal implant in bone. In the present experimental study, the isolated
      effect of corrosion was evaluated under standardized experimental conditions when
      operative trauma was minimal and implant movement was negligible. The reaction of
      bone to stainless steel, titanium and Vitallium was studied by histological and
      biomechanical methods, and compared to that provoked by copper. No soft-tissue
      capsule was found round the modern materials, but copper gave rise to a marked
      tissue reaction. It is concluded that a traumatic operative techniques and
      implant immobility are more effective for stable incorporation of metallic
      implants in bone than the nature of the implant itself, provided that one of the
      modern, low-corrosive metals or alloys is used.

PMID- 1095477
TI  - Osseous lesion simulating a bone tumour due to an unsuspected fragment of wood in
      the foot.
AB  - A case is reported in which an osteolytic lesion in the third metatarsal bone was
      proved at operation to be the result of an injury by a splinter of wood which had
      remained embedded in the tissues. A short review of the relevant literature is
      appended.

PMID- 1095478
TI  - Prophylactic antibiotics in minor hand injuries.

PMID- 1095479
TI  - In vitro lymphocyte response to purified protein derivative, BCG and
      Mycobacterium leprae in a population not exposed to leprosy.
AB  - Lymphocytes from 14 BCG-vaccinated donors, seven tuberculin positive and seven
      tuberculin negative by skin testing, were stimulated in vitro with four
      mycobacterial antigens, purified protein derivative (PPD), PPD/BCG, whole BCG
      bacilli, and whole Mycobacterium leprae and also with Candida antigen and
      phytohemagglutinin. The response was measured by incorporation of (3)H-labeled
      thymidine. The response to PPD, PPD/BCG, and BCG was found to correlate with the
      result of skin testing with turberculin. The turberculin-positive group also
      responded more strongly to M. leprae, whereas the two groups did not differ
      significantly in their response to Candida antigen or phytohemagglutinin. These
      findings indicate a certain degree of cross-reactivity between BCG and M. leprae.
      The use of the lymphocyte transformation test to measure antigenic cross
      reactivity is discussed.

PMID- 1095480
TI  - In vivo behavior of revertants from Stahylococcus aureus L-phase variants
      compared with the parent strain.
AB  - The in vivo behavior of revertants of Staphylococcus aureus L-phase variants were
      studied in mice. The Giorgio strain of S. aureus was induced into L-phase
      variants by methicillin. After 13 serial passages in methicillin agar and six
      passages in antibiotic-free agar, reversion occurred. Six revertants, all phage
      untypable, coagulase negative, and mannitol negative, were inoculated
      intravenously into Swiss albino mice in comparison with the parent strain.
      Inoculation of 10(8) colony-forming units resulted in 38% mortality at 28 days
      for the Giorgio group and 0 to 2% for the revertants. The geometric mean titer of
      staphylococci in the kidneys was 3.5 x 10(5) for the Giorgio group and 0.5 x
      10(0) to 1.0 x 10(2) for the revertants. Serial colony counts of blood, lungs,
      spleen, liver, and kidneys in mice inoculated with 10(7) colony-forming units
      showed faster clearance and failure of the revertant to colonize the kidneys. It
      is concluded that the in vivo behavior of the L-phase revertants was vastly
      different from that of the parent Giorgio strain.

PMID- 1095481
TI  - Bacteremia in suckling rabbits after oral challenge with Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
AB  - Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a halophilic marine enteropathogen, produces diarrhea in
      man after ingestion of contaminated seafood. Only strains capable of producing
      beta-hemolysis (Kanagawa-positive strains) are enteropathogenic. Yet the majority
      of marine isolants are nonhemolytic and Kanagawa negative. Studies were initiated
      in suckling rabbits in an attempt to elucidate pathogenetic mechanisms. Fasting
      animals were infected orally with Kanagawa-positive and Kanagawa-negative strains
      of V. parahaemolyticus, V. cholerae, two enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia
      coli, Shigella flexneri, and strains of salmonellae. Seven hours postchallenge,
      cardiac blood, liver, and spleen cultures were obtained. V. parahaemolyticus
      strains failed to induce intestinal fluid accumulation during this study period.
      Bacteremia occurred in animals challenged with Kanagawa-positive V.
      parahaemolyticus, S. flexneri, and salmonella strains only. Animal passage
      increased the ability of V. parahaemolyticus to cause bacteremia. Liver and
      spleen cultures were positive in approximately 50% of animals challenged with the
      Kanagawa-positive strains of V. parphaemolyticus. The ability of this organism to
      penetrate the intestinal epithelium of suckling rabbits may represent a specific
      property that plays a role in pathogenesis.

PMID- 1095482
TI  - Lymphocyte transformation in syphilis: an in vitro correlate of immune
      suppression in vivo?
AB  - Suppression of cellular immunity during primary and secondary infection may
      explain, in part, the unusual clinical evolution of syphilis. We have previously
      shown that lymphocytes from normal subjects undergo blastic transformation when
      exposed in vitro to Treponema refringens. This response was suppressed in
      patients with syphilis. the suppression being unrelated to serum factors. In the
      present paper we studied lymphocyte response in vitro to T. refringens, T.
      reiter, and T. pallidum as well as to monilia and trychophytins. The response to
      these antigens was suppressed in patients with syphilis although the response to
      phytohemagglutinin. pokeweed mitogen, and streptolysin was normal. These data
      support the hypothesis that human infection with T. pallidum is followed by a
      complex interaction between cellular and humoral immunity, the former being
      suppressed in primary and secondary stages.

PMID- 1095483
TI  - Role of immunoglobulins in protection against Shigella-induced
      keratoconjunctives.
AB  - Various immunoglobulin preparations were tested for their ability to protect
      guinea pig eyes from infection by a virulent strain of Shigella flexneri.
      Secretory immunoglobulin A was effective in delaying or preventing
      keratoconjunctivitis in eight guinea pigs when it was used to precoat the
      organism, and was also placed in the eye with the inoculum. Neither
      immunoglobulin G nor immunoglobulin M gave any protection when used in the same
      way. Protection by secretory immunoglobulin A appeared to be related to the
      antishigella antibody content of the immunoglobulin since a low-titered
      preparation gave less protection than a higher-titered one.

PMID- 1095485
TI  - Isolation and purification of Treponema pallidum from syphilitic lesions in
      rabbits.
AB  - Treponema pallidum were extracted from testicular syphilomas of corticosteroid
      treated rabbits and purified by differential centrifugation. The steroid therapy
      allowed a longer holding time for infected rabbits, which produced greater
      treponeme yields, averaging 1.58 x 10(10) treponemes per rabbit. The treatment,
      which also diminished cellular infiltration and increased the extracellular
      mucoid material in lesions, produced much cleaner suspensions than preparations
      from nontreated animals. Most of the treponemes in the purified suspensions were
      still motile, and none carried demonstrable host immunoglobulin. The preparations
      were free of recognizable host tissue debris and they contained, on the average,
      1.9 x 10(-7) mug of protein per treponeme.

PMID- 1095484
TI  - Altered phospholipid metabolism in Escherichia coli accompanying killing by
      disrupted granulocytes.
AB  - The effect of bactericidal concentrations of disrupted rabbit granulocytes and of
      partially purified granulocyte fractions on phospholipid metabolism by
      Escherichia coli has been investigated. Previous studies in this laboratory have
      shown that, during and after killing of E. coli by granulocytes, bacterial
      macromolecular synthesis continues. Similarly, despite almost complete loss of
      viability within 15 min, incorporation of [1-(14)C]palmitate, [2-(14)C]glycerol,
      and [1-(14)C]acetate into E. coli phospholipids, in the presence of granulocyte
      preparations, remains the same as in control E. coli populations for at least 1
      h. Incorporation of [1-(14)C]oleate into E. coli phospholipids is actually
      stimulated during the first 60 min of incubation in the presence of granulocyte
      preparations (more than twofold at 30 min and 40% at 60 min). With all labeled
      lipid precursors, bactericidal granulocyte preparations cause a relative increase
      in the labeling of E. coli cardiolipin, with a corresponding drop in labeled
      phosphatidyl-glycerol. Labeled lyso-compounds accumulate in the presence of
      granulocyte preparations when [1-(14)C]palmitate, but not when [1-(14)C]oleate is
      the labeled precursor. Since oleate occurs mainly in the 2-acyl position of E.
      coli phospholipids, whereas at least 50% of palmitate occurs in the 1 position,
      it appears that a phospholipase A(2) acts on the E. coli phospholipids. These
      various effects are also seen when E. coli are exposed to highly purified
      granulocyte preparations that possess potent bactericidal and phospholipase A(2)
      activities. We speculate that this phospholipase A(2) in the granulocyte
      preparations stimulates oleate but not palmitate incorporation by initiating
      increased turnover of the fatty acid in the 2-acyl position of E. coli
      phospholipids, causing formation of 1-acyl lyso-compounds likely to be
      preferentially reacylated with unsaturated fatty acids.

PMID- 1095486
TI  - Simplified assay for concanavalin A-dependent bacterial agglutination by using
      cell surface mutants.
AB  - Two cell surface mutants of Escherichia coli isolated through supersensitivity to
      sodium dodecyl sulfate were found to be agglutinated by concanavalin A in the
      intact rod form. By using these strains, the assay method for the concanavalin A
      dependent agglutination was greatly simplified since neither spheroplast
      formation nor protease treatment is needed. This rod cell agglutination was
      characterized and applied for a semiquantitative determination of the amount of
      bound concanavalin A.

PMID- 1095488
TI  - In vitro N-nitrosodimethylamine formation by some bacteria.
AB  - It was found that human pathogenic bacteria and some species of intestinal
      bacteria in rats have the ability to catalyze the formation of N
      nitrosodimethylamine from dimethylamine and nitrate in vitro.

PMID- 1095487
TI  - Yersinia pestis: correlation of ultrastructures and immunological status.
AB  - Ultrastructural identification and localization of the fraction 1 "envelope"
      antigen in the plague bacillus Yersinia pestis were the primary objectives of
      this brief study. The antigenicity of extra-cellular material between the bacilli
      in undisturbed cultured colonies and that of the pathogen per se were measured
      and correlated by means of the semi quantitative complement fixation method after
      incubation for 72 h at 37 C. When the amount of extracellular substance in wild
      type T1 (virulent) bacteria was compared by electron microscopy with that in
      avirulent strains of Y. pestis, with and without passage through guinea pigs, we
      found that the material of interest was greatly attenuated or even absent in
      colonies that had not been passed through animals, whereas passage markedly
      augmented production of the material. We also explored the requirement for larger
      quantities of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) in the culture media and discovered that without
      these ions production of the extracellular material was limited. These
      observations support the hypothesis that this extracellular substance between
      cultured Y. pestis bacilli of various strains represents the source of the
      fraction 1 envelope antigen.

PMID- 1095489
TI  - Genetic instability of M protein and serum opacity factor of group A streptocci:
      evidence suggesting extrachromosomal control.
AB  - The M antigen, a primary determinant of virulence in group A streptococci that is
      expressed biologically as resistance to phagocytosis, is known to undergo a
      variety of phenotypic changes both in vivo and in vitro. These changes are
      nonrandom and can occur at a high frequency. Using the previously described
      relationship between the serum opacity reaction (associated with certain strains)
      and the presence of the M antigen, the phenotypic instability of the M antigen
      was analyzed. The results support the conclusion that M protein synthesis and the
      serum opacity reaction are directly or indirectly controlled by the same gene or
      by genes which are linked and can segregate as a unit. Moreover, growth
      conditions and the curing agents rifampin and ethidium bromide had a discernible
      influence on the segregation of clones unable to exhibit serum opacity factor and
      to resist phagocytosis by human leukocytes. Serial transfer of stationary-phase
      cultures of four strains of group A streptococci significantly increased the
      number of colonies negative for the serum opacity reaction and the M antigen. For
      two of four strains both ethidium bromide and rifampin also increased the
      segregation of colonies with this phenotype. In light of these experiments and
      the necessary controls, the possible influence of plasmids or bacteriophage in
      regulating M protein synthesis is discussed.

PMID- 1095490
TI  - Factors affecting filamentation in Candida albicans: changes in respiratory
      activity of Candida albicans during filamentation.
AB  - Glucose metabolism and respiration of Candida albicans were compared under
      conditions which permitted either maximal filamentous or maximal yeast growth.
      Changes in metabolism were monitored by comparing the quantities of ethanol
      produced, CO2 evolved, and oxygen consumed. Filamenting cultures produced more
      ethanol and less CO2 than yeasts, with oxygen consumption in the former
      concomitantly slower than that of the latter. Studies involving cofactors and
      inhibitors associated with electron transport imply that a transfer of electrons
      away from flavoprotein is required for maintenance of yeast morphology.
      Conditions consistent with a buildup of reduced flavoprotein, however, favored
      filament formation. These changes were expressed metabolically as a shift from an
      aerobic to a fermentative metabolism. The results presented are consistent with
      hypotheses correlating filament production with changes in carbohydrate
      metabolism and an interruption of electron transfer within the cell.

PMID- 1095491
TI  - Cellular streptolysin S-related hemolysins of group A Streptococcus C203S.
AB  - Group A streptococci strain C203S, grown in heart infusion broth with 0.3%
      maltose, produce two cellular hemolysins related to extracellular streptolysin S
      (SLS). Enzymatic lysis of the streptococci by group C streptococcal phage
      associated lysin results in release of low titer, labile hemolysin, which can be
      stabilized by ribonucleic acid (RNA)-core (RNA preparation from yeast). This
      labile hemolysin can be detected only after the higher titer cellular
      streptolysin O is removed by erythrocyte membranes or inactivated by N
      ethylmaleimide. The other cellular SLS-related hemolysin is released in a latent
      state (potential hemolysin) which can be activated to high-titer hemolysin by
      sonication with RNA-core. The titer of such activated hemolysin depends upon the
      intensity of sonic energy, duration of sonication, and amount of RNA-core. RNA
      obtained from the streptococci is far less effective than RNA-core. When the
      cocci are disrupted by sonication or grinding, potential hemolysin and/or
      activated form may be released, depending upon the conditions employed. The
      potential hemolysin material is large and heterogeneous; activation appears to
      involve, in part, disaggregation or fragmentation. Labile hemolysin, potential
      hemolysin, and the activated form of potential hemolysin can all be converted to
      hemolysin having the same hemolytic and physical properties as RNA-core SLS,
      suggesting that all have the same hemolytic moiety. The presence of glucose in
      heart infusion broth prevents formation of both potential hemolysin and RNA-core
      SLS by log-phase cells, whereas addition of glucose to a culture in heart
      infusion broth with 0.3% maltose stops accumulation of potential hemolysin but
      does not affect continuation of RNA-core SLS release. These results suggest that
      potential hemolysin is a cellular precursor to RNA-core SLS.

PMID- 1095492
TI  - Use of the K88 antigen for in vivo bacterial competition with porcine strains of
      enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.
AB  - Infant mice were used to measure the amount of fluid accumulation
      (enterosorption) in the intestinal tract after oral inoculation of a porcine
      strain of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (K88-+, Ent-+). Significant reduction
      in the amount of fluid found in the intestinal tract was observed if the mice
      were first inoculated with a K88-possessing, non-enterotoxigenic strain of E.
      coli. The protection provided is thought to be due to specific competition for
      attachment sites on cells of the small intestine.

PMID- 1095493
TI  - Competition between Chlamydia psittaci and L cells for host isoleucine pools: a
      limiting factor in chlamydial multiplication.
AB  - L cells (mouse fibroblasts) supported the multiplication of the obligately
      intracellular parasitic bacterium Chlamydia psittaci (strain 6BC) when incubated
      in fresh growth medium (medium 199 + 5% fetal calf serum). When incubated in the
      medium supernatant from a 24-h-old culture of uninfected L cells (24-h used
      medium), uninfected cells did not divide and infected cells did not provide an
      adequate environment for the multiplication of C. psittaci, which persisted in a
      noninfectious latent state within the host cells. The failure of both L cells and
      chlamydiae to divide resulted from an overall reduction in the rate of protein
      synthesis by both host and parasite brought about by an insufficiency of the
      essential amino acid isoleucine in 24-h used medium. The concentration of
      isoleucine required to activate minimal growth of C. psittaci also minimally
      stimulated uninfected L cells to divide. The addition of cycloheximide to 24-h
      used medium also activated the latent chlamydial infection because it stimulated
      the incorporation of host protein-derived isoleucine into chlamydial protein. The
      results suggest that the chlamydial parasite and the L-cell host compete for the
      isoleucine in the soluble pool of the host cell and that the parasite is capable
      of sequestering isoleucine for its own biosynthetic needs only when the
      concentration of isoleucine in the host pool rises above the level required to
      maintain the hose in the stationary state. Extrapolation of the results obtained
      with the L cell-C. psittaci model system to natural latent chlamydial infections
      is discussed.

PMID- 1095494
TI  - Prolonging morbidity in rabid dogs by intrathecal injection of attenuated rabies
      vaccine.
AB  - Dogs vaccinated intrathecally with attenuated rabies vaccine developed antibodies
      that were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and brain; dogs similarly
      vaccinated but with an inactivated vaccine developed no antibodies in the brain.
      When the attenuated vaccine was administered to rabid dogs, a prolongation of the
      morbidity period was noted and, in some dogs, recovery from the disease. Rhesus
      monkeys died when administered any of the available attenuated vaccines
      intrathecally, and further studies with that species could not be undertaken.

PMID- 1095495
TI  - Quantitation of human peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes.
AB  - Centrifugation of heparinized peripheral blood on Ficoll-Hypaque under defined
      conditions is a most common method of lymphocyte purification in clinical
      studies. A loss of 25-30% of lymphocytes may occur during this procedure due to
      incomplete recovery of lymphocytes from the plasma layer after the gradient
      centrifugation and/or to poor recovery during the washing process. The loss is
      not selective since T and B cells are lost in the same proportions as determied
      by several different methods for T and B cell identification. Quantitation of T
      and B lymphocytes in terms of total number/mm-3 of peripheral blood is necessary
      in order to determine deficiencies in either of these two cell populations. The
      percentage values are inadequate in clinical evaluations. Thus, patients with
      chronic lymphocytic leukemia show elevated absolute number of T cells absolute
      numbers of T and B cells as well as percentages ought to be reported in all
      clinical studies.

PMID- 1095496
TI  - In vitro lymphocyte transformation in the development of experimental allergic
      thyroiditis.
AB  - In vitro lymphocyte transformation to homologous thyroid antigen has been studied
      in cultures of lymph node cells obtained from 97 guinea pigs at weekly intervals
      after a single injection of homologous thyroid extract in complete Freund's
      adjuvant, using a method for measurement of 3-H-thymidine incorporation. Lymph
      node cell cultures from animals 1 week after sensitization showed a significant
      increase in thymidine incorporation after the addition of antigen. Two weeks
      after sensitization the stimulation was maximal, and then a lower but significant
      response continued during the next 5 weeks. There was no correlation between
      lymphocyte transformation and the level of circulating antibodies throughout the
      post-sensitization period examined. The early lymphocyte transformation
      contrasted with the later development of macrophage migration inhibitory factor
      activity.

PMID- 1095497
TI  - Bacterial endotoxins. The second Carl Prausnitz Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 1095498
TI  - Demonstration of suppressor cells in delayed hypersensitivity by B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1095499
TI  - Human, rat and mouse liver-mediated mutagenicity of vinyl chloride in S.
      typhimurium strains.
AB  - Exposure of S. typhimurium strains TA 1530, TA 1535 and G-46 to vinyl chloride
      increased the number of His+ revertants/plate 16, 12 or 5 times over the
      spontaneous mutation rate. After 6 h of exposure to vinyl chloride, the mutagenic
      response for TA 1530 strain was enhanced 7-, 4- or 5-fold when fortified
      postmitochondrial liver fractions from humans, rats or mice were added. The
      enzyme-mediated vinyl chloride mutagenicity was dependent on an NADPH generating
      system and the enzyme activity was localized in a liver microsomal fraction;
      9,000 times g liver supernatant was three times more active than microsomes,
      while liver cytosol or alcohol dehydrogenase did not affect the mutagenicity.
      Phenobarbitone pretreatment of rats and mice increased the mutagenic response by
      up to 15-40 percent as compared to untreated controls. The relative mutagenic
      activities of VCM, taking the value from mouse liver as 100, for TA 1530 strain
      mediated by 9,000 times g tissue fractions were: rat liver, 80; mouse and rat
      kidney, 20 and 16; mouse and rat lung, less than 7; human liver (from four biopsy
      specimens) 170, 64, 70 and 46. Chloroacetaldehyde and chloroacetic acid, a
      urinary metabolite of VCM, showed toxic effects, while chloroethanol was weakly
      mutagenic for TA 1530 strain.

PMID- 1095500
TI  - [Aminoglycoside antibiotics from clinical viewpoint].
AB  - Indications, side effects, dosage and several pharmacokinetic properties of
      gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, kanamycin, amikacin, and streptomycin are delt
      with in the first part. Hereafter, some aspects are briefly mentioned concerning
      combinations of antibiotics with aminoglycosides, as well as indications for the
      evaluation and analysis of the aminoglycoside concentration in the serum.

PMID- 1095501
TI  - [Aminopenicillins from microbiological viewpoint].
AB  - In this report it was tried to emphasize several microbiological aspects of the
      amino-penicillin. Hereby it turns out that the activity differences of all the
      substances are very similar on microbiological part. A break of the cross
      resistance does not happen with all the amino-penicillins. With regard to the
      appearance of resistant strains, it can be told that the conditions still are
      advantageous on non-hospitalized patients in the totality. In the clinic a high
      part of resistant strains are found on different grounds.

PMID- 1095502
TI  - Aminopenicillins - clinical pharmacology and use in disease states.
AB  - Ampicillin introduced in 1961 has been administered in the treatment of diverse
      infections by both oral and parenteral means. Oral infections of the upper
      airways such as otitis media, bronchitis, and pneumonia have responded with high
      success rates since the microorganisms involved have remained sensitive to
      ampicillin. Similarly, out-patient urinary tract infections caused by Escherichia
      coli, Proteus mirabilis, and enterococci are cured. Typhoid fever may yet be
      treated with ampicillin, but shigellosis has become refractory with the
      development of resistant strains. Ampicillin has assumed a prominent role in the
      treatment of gonorrhoea. Parenteral ampicillin is still a mainstay of the
      treatment of Hemophilus meningitis, but the recent appearance of ampicillin
      resistant strains may become a serious problem. A number of derivatives and
      analogues of ampicillin have been developed. Among the compounds, hetacillin,
      metampicillin and pivampicillin which hydrolyze in the body to yield ampicillin,
      only pivampicillin appears to offer advantage over the parent compound. Blood
      levels are twice those of a comparable dose of ampicillin. However, more
      comparisons with ampicillin in clinical situations are needed. The other
      analogues of ampicillin are epicillin, cyclacillin and amoxicillin. Epicillin has
      no superiority to ampicillin, and the cyclacillin data do not show clear
      superiority over ampicillin in spite of initially high blood levels, since the
      compound is less active and so rapidly cleared from the body. Amoxicillin, on the
      other hand, has been shown to have it vitro activity equal to ampicillin and to
      produce higher blood levels for a longer period of time. Clinical studies have
      substantiated efficacy in treatment of otitis media, pharyngitis, bronchitis,
      pneumonitis, and urinary tract infections at doses half those of ampicillin. It
      has been effective in gonorrhoea and typhoid, but not in shigellosis. It would
      seem that to date only pivampicillin and amoxicillin, particularly the later,
      should be considered as replacements of ampicillin in oral therapy.

PMID- 1095503
TI  - [Cephalosporin antibiotics from microbiologic viewpoint. A comparison of
      antibacterial and pharmacokinetic properties].
AB  - With the necessity not only of differentiating between effectiveness and non
      effectiveness, as in the earlier phases of chemotherapy, but also of detecting
      graduated differences in effect quantitatively, animal experiment and clinical
      trial have been shown to be no longer adequate. In a correlating comparison of
      antibacterial activity with the drug level in vivo as the two decisive basic
      elements of chemotherapeutic effect, new and interesting possibilities arise for
      the evaluation of antibiotics. In a comparative evaluation of nine different
      cephalosporin antibiotics, not only the objective antibacterial and
      pharmacokinetic properties are taken into consideration, but also the dosage
      recommendations of the manufacturers as subjective factors. The result is that
      the cephalosporins in the treatment of gram-positive infections (except
      enterococci) are almost equivalent. In the gram-negative field, there are marked
      differences which produce a different species-dependent therapeutic value for the
      various preparations. A fundamentally superior "universal" cephalosporin for all
      bacterial infections does not exist.

PMID- 1095504
TI  - [Cephalosporins from the clinical viewpoint].
AB  - Cephalosporines are discussed as viewed by the clinician. For the clinician it is
      difficult to choose among the offer of manifold preparations the most promising.
      Antibacterial activity, pharmacologial properties and possible side-effects are
      shown and discussed in all Cephalosporines to make the clinic's choice easier.

PMID- 1095505
TI  - Peptide synthesis with carbodiimide.
AB  - An isotope dilution assay for racemization during acid couplings is described and
      applied to carbodiimide-mediated synthesis. Using the coupling of t-BOC-L
      phenylalamine with glycine derivatives as a model, racemization in solution falls
      in the 0.01 to  0.1% range and it is a function of reagent concentrations. A
      typical coupling using the solid phase method shows 0.03% racemate.

PMID- 1095506
TI  - [Mutagenicity testing of irradiated laboratory animal feed in the 'host-mediated'
      assay with Salmonella typhimurium G 46].
AB  - Food irradiated with 10 MeV-electrons (dose: 4-5 Mrad) was tested for mutagenic
      effects, using the host-mediated assay. Irradiated 'Altomin' (a pelleted
      laboratory diet) was fed to mice for 9 to 44 days. After the 30th day of feeding,
      the animals additionally received irradiated glucose-solution instead of drinking
      water. Results did not indicate any mutagenic activity of the irradiated diet on
      the histidine-auxotroph strain of Salmonella typhimurium used in the assay.

PMID- 1095507
TI  - The lung-colony assay: extension to the Lewis lung tumour and the B16 melanoma-
      radiosensitivity of B16 melanoma cells.
AB  - Experiments are described which demonstrate that a lung-colony assay can be used
      to study the viability of unknown cell populations from the B16 Melanoma or the
      Lewis Lung Tumour. It is shown that the number of lung colonies formed can be
      increased by the addition of plastic microspheres to the injected cell suspension
      or by pre-irradiating the lungs of the recipient mice. The colony technique has
      been used to isolate melanotic and amelanotic cell-lines from the B16 Melanoma
      which were found to have different growth-rates. In vitro radiation survival
      curves for B16 Melanoma cells have also been established, and these have
      parameters in the usual range for mammalian cells.

PMID- 1095508
TI  - Letter: Differential radiosensitivity of reproductivity and differentiative trait
      in chick cartilage cells cultured in vitro.

PMID- 1095509
TI  - A two compartment model and glomerular filtration rate.

PMID- 1095510
TI  - Clinical trial of 3-methyl-5-(beta-N'-(N-m-chlorophenylpiperazino)ethyl)-pyrazole
      dihydrochloride (Mepiprazol) in the therapy of psychovegetative disorders.
AB  - In a clinical trial of 30 patients suffering from psychovegetative disorders and
      anxiety neuroses, Mepiprazol (test designation: EMD 16-923; supplier: E. Merck,
      Darmstadt, FRG) was proven in a treatment period of 14 days to be an effective,
      well-tolerated medication. Only two patients failed to respond during the course
      of treatment. Improvements were significant at the 1-percent level between the
      pretreatment condition and each control during the treatment period; even between
      the rating times there was a significant increment in treatment success.
      Mepiprazol had a particular effect on symptoms such as irritability, anxiety,
      inner unrest and tension. Mepiprazol also exhibited a positive effect in the
      treatment of psychosomatic complaints.

PMID- 1095511
TI  - [Double-blind study of Aprotininum (Trasylol) in the management of alcoholic
      delirium].
AB  - The results of uncontrolled studies, in which the period of the delirium tremens
      was reduced and the intensity was lowered significantly by aprotininum, could not
      be verified in our double-blind study. Continuing a preliminary double-blind
      study another group of 20 male patients was examined again to evaluate the
      effectiveness of aprotininum given in a modified experimental arrangement. Not
      only at the beginning of the treatment but also every 6 h an infusion of 200,000
      KIE Trasylol was given during the period of the acute alcohol withdrawal
      syndromes. Time as well as intensity of symptoms (quantitatively measured by
      needed chlormethiazol) did not differ significantly between the aprotininum and
      the placebo group.

PMID- 1095512
TI  - Psychotherapeutic profile of a new psychoactive drug trazodone (AF-1161).
AB  - In a systematic clinical study, including four uncontrolled clinical trials with
      psychiatric patients belonging to four different diagnostic groups, trazodone,
      the first triazolopyridine compound subjected to clinical investigation, was
      found to be a therapeutically effective psychoactive drug. Since the most
      consistent therapeutic action of trazodone was seen to be in the depressive
      syndrome, i.e., Guilt Feelings, Motor Retardation and Depressive Mood, it was
      suggested that trazodone has a therapeutic effect on depressive symptoms whether
      they occur in depression, neurosis, organic brain syndrome or schizophrenia.

PMID- 1095513
TI  - The outcome of dothiepin treatment in 1,900 depressed patients.
AB  - One thousand, nine hundred and sixty-five depressed patients took part in a
      multicentre study of dothiepin hydrochloride, which involved 392 doctors. The
      results indicated that a large percentage of patients improved as measured by all
      the assessments and no serious or adverse effects were encountered. A good
      correlation was seen between the global scale and the Rockliff depression scale;
      and also between the final mean Rockliff score and the number of patients
      stopping therapy due to recovery, and continuing treatment until recovery, at the
      final assessment.

PMID- 1095514
TI  - [Clinical trial of lofepramine versus imipramine].
AB  - Lofepramin is a new derivative of imipramine. Its effects and side effects were
      compared to those of imipramine in a double-blind trial. 49 hospitalized
      patients, suffering from endogenous depression, were treated for 20 days with 210
      mg lofepramin daily and 52 other patients with 150 mg imipramine daily. The
      results of the repeated psychiatric examinations were documented using the AMP
      system. Both substances proved to have high antidepressant effects and showed no
      significant difference in the quality of their effects.

PMID- 1095515
TI  - [Progress in electrocardiography--including intracardial leads].

PMID- 1095516
TI  - [Control of implanted artificial pacemakers].

PMID- 1095517
TI  - [Significance of exercise tests].

PMID- 1095518
TI  - [Coronary angiography].

PMID- 1095519
TI  - [Echocardiography. Principles, use, and diagnostic value of the method].

PMID- 1095520
TI  - [Apex cardiography].

PMID- 1095521
TI  - [Diagnostic value of the indirect immunofluorescence test for the demonstration
      of humoral antibodies against the myocardium].

PMID- 1095522
TI  - The primary antibacterial defense mechanism of the bladder.
AB  - We have developed a model in rabbits for quantitatively determining the
      attachment of microbial organisms to the vesical mucosa. Our data suggest that
      the bladder has a primary antibacterial defense mechanism that serves to
      interrupt microbial attachment. This mechanism seems to be secretory, since after
      destruction with acid, the resistance to microbial binding returns in less than
      24 hr.

PMID- 1095523
TI  - Hans Wildbolz (1873-1940).

PMID- 1095524
TI  - Antibiotic therapy--laboratory techniques.

PMID- 1095526
TI  - An analysis of 469 children with spina bifida treated in the Richmond Hospital
      between 1967-1973.

PMID- 1095525
TI  - Burkitt's lymphoma-a review.

PMID- 1095527
TI  - A long-lost and recently recovered letter of Freud.

PMID- 1095528
TI  - Electrocardiographic changes following intravenous pyelography.
AB  - One hundred consecutive patients who underwent i.v. pyelography had ECG performed
      before, immediately following and 5 min after the injection. ECG changes appeared
      in 15 patients and were considered to be major in five of them. The incidence of
      ECG changes was significantly higher in patients with abnormal ECG prior to
      pyelography. The average age of the patients who developed changes was higher
      than that of patients in whom no ECG changes were observed. There was no
      significant difference in the incidence of ECG changes after standard and
      infusion pyelography.

PMID- 1095529
TI  - Neurology in the Bible and Talmud.

PMID- 1095530
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of substance P in mammalian intestine.
AB  - In mammalian intestine immunoreactive Substance P is localized not only in the
      plexuses of Auerbach and Meissner, as could be anticipated, but also in a number
      of basally situated, often basigranular, endocrine cells which have been
      identified tentatively as enterochromaffin. The presence of a neurohormone in
      cells of this type confirms their close association with the nervous system,
      noted by Masson (1924), and suggests that their postulated origin from the
      nervous system (Danisch, 1924) may well be correct.

PMID- 1095531
TI  - Localization of substance P-like immunoreactivity in mouse gut.
AB  - Substance P immunoreactivity has been demonstrated in the mouse gut in two
      distinctly different locations; in the myenteric plexus of the proximal colon as
      well as in endocrine-like cells of the duodenal and colonic mucosa.

PMID- 1095532
TI  - Immunoperoxidase localisation of hepatitis B antigen (HB) in formalin-paraffin
      processed liver tissue.
AB  - The unlabelled antibody-enzyme (PAP) method was used to demonstrate HB in
      sections of routine formalin fixed paraffin embedded liver biopsies.

PMID- 1095533
TI  - The ultra-structural localization of enzyme activity in unfixed sections.
AB  - A technique is described for using conventional unfixed cryostat sections for
      localising enzyme activities in the electron microscope. The sections are
      incubated on the slide in the presence of a stabiliser, and then only fixed and
      embedded after the reaction is complete. Thin sections can then be cut of the
      reacted section, for electron microscopy. The present article shows that good
      ultra-structural morphology is retained during the freezing and cutting stages,
      and although some loss of detail occurs after the incubation, sub-cellular
      membranes are still intact, and membrane-associated reaction product can be
      clearly seen.

PMID- 1095534
TI  - Formaldehyde-ozone-induced fluorescence in isolated gastrin granules.
AB  - In several mammals the antral gastrin cells display characteristic formaldehyde
      ozone-induced fluorescence (375/500-520 nm). Such fluorescence is also given by
      gastrinoma cells. Gastrin granules, isolated from gastrinomas and identified by
      immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, were found to show intense
      formaldehyde-ozone-induced fluorescence.

PMID- 1095535
TI  - Serum luteinizing hormone, testosterone and androstenedione in pubertal and
      prepubertal bulls after gonadotropin releasing hormone.

PMID- 1095536
TI  - Puberty in beef heifers. The interrelationship between pituitary, hypothalamic
      and ovarian hormones.

PMID- 1095537
TI  - Relationships of antibiotics in animal feeds and salmonellosis in animals and
      man.

PMID- 1095538
TI  - Health aspects of recycling animal wastes by feeding.

PMID- 1095539
TI  - Recent development in animal reproduction physiology and endocrinology in Poland.

PMID- 1095540
TI  - The effects of feeding tetracycline, nitrovin and quindoxin on the drug
      resistance of coli-aerogenes bacteria from calves and pigs.

PMID- 1095541
TI  - Miniaturized methods for the characterization of bacterial isolates.

PMID- 1095542
TI  - Control of vascular volume in sheep umbilical circulation.
AB  - Vascular and extravascular volumes were measured using a single-injection, double
      indicator technique, in a perfused umbilical circulation in which umbilical
      artery (Pfa) and umbilical vein (Pfv) pressures could be independently varied. At
      constant Pfv, when Pfa was raised from 25 to 35 mmHg, vascular volume increased
      16.1  plus or minus 6 ml (mean plus or minus SD) from a control value of 113 plus
      or minus 38.3 ml. Extravascular volume increased 25.2 plus or minus 7.7 ml from
      128 plus or minus 53.3 ml. During further increases in Pfa to 65 mmHg, vascular
      volume increased approximately 10 ml for each 10 mm Hg increment, but no change
      in extravascular volume occurred. At a constant Pfa when Pfv was raised to 15,
      20, and 25 mmHg, vascular volume increased 12.2 plus or minus 3.6, 22.2 plus or
      minus 5.4, and 28 plus or minus 12.5 ml from the measurements at low Pfv. There
      was no increase in extravascular volume during elevation of Pfv. At the lower
      values of Pfa (25-35 mmHg) recruitment of previously unperfused channels and
      distension are seen. Over the higher ranges of Pfa change and during Pfv
      elevation there is distension of vascular bed.

PMID- 1095543
TI  - Microbiological methods. Methodology for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.
AB  - Pathogenic biotypes of Escherichia coli grow poorly at temperatures greatly
      different from that of the host. Percentages quantitatively recovered at 42.0,
      44.0, 44.5, and 45.5 degrees C in lauryl tryptose broth were 100, 76, 76, and 42,
      respectively. Corresponding values for 175 strains of varied origin were 98, 89,
      82, and 65%. Maximal growth temperature is dependent upon medium. Lauryl tryptose
      and elevated coliform broths were equivalent in the recovery of small inocula
      (100 cells/ml) at 41.5-44.5 degrees. MacConkey, enteric enrichment, and Gram
      negative broths were inhibitory at corresponding values. Growth at elevated
      temperature in nutrient broth is enhanced by carbohydrate. Standard lactose
      enrichment media fail to recover slow lactose fermenters. An acidified glutamic
      acid medium was unsuitable for recovery of E. coli. The data suggest modification
      of standard temperatures for the recovery of pathogenic biotypes. Previously
      recommended analytical methods have been simplified and supplemented. The
      enhancement of motility in indole-nitrite broth at 35 degrees C is recommended. A
      4-tube semiquantitative test is offered for tentative identification of somatic
      and capsular antigens. Inclusion of Alkalescens-Dispar strains is warranted by
      their pathogenic behavior. Examination in Shigella and Alkalescens-Dispar sera is
      required to cover the dysentery-like biotypes. Pathogenic potential cannot be
      inferred from serotype.

PMID- 1095544
TI  - Kanner's syndrome or early-onset psychosis: a taxonomic analysis of 142 cases.
AB  - Case history data on 142 psychotic children were obtained using the Rimland
      Diagnostic Check List. A particular variety of the method known as numerical
      taxonomy was used to classify the children into subgroups on the basis of
      responses on the Check List. A comparison was made between a classification of
      Kanner's syndrome vs. "no Kanner's syndrome" and a classification using random
      classes as starting points. The "best" classification of the data was one in
      which 2 classes were obtained, one containing all the Kanner's syndrome children
      plus other early-onset, nonrelating psychotic children and the other containing
      children with later onset and more varied symptoms. Those attributes which
      significantly differentiated between the classes both in the "best"
      classification and in the Kanner's syndrome classification were extracted. A
      distinction between Kanner children and other similar children was found only for
      3 specific behaviors: obsessive desire for sameness, islets of special ability,
      and skillful manipulation of small objects.

PMID- 1095545
TI  - Conservation of Salmonella typhimurium deoxyribonucleic acid by chromosomal
      insertion in a partially diploid Escherichia coli hybrid.
AB  - A partially diploid Escherichia coli hybrid recovered from mating with a
      Salmonella typhimurium donor was converted to an Hfr strain, designated WR2080,
      as a means to examine the manner in which the added Salmonella genetic material
      was conserved in it. The Salmonella argH-+, metB-+, and RHA-+ alleles contained
      as supernumerary genes in WR2080 were transferred together to E. coli recipients
      in interrupted mating experiments approximately 25 min after initial parental
      contact; transfer of the allelic E. coli genes by a  haploid Hfr of the same
      transfer orientation occurred between 23.5 min (argH-+) and 25 min (rha-+) after
      initial contact. Entry of the E. coli ilv-+ marker of WR2080 in these experiments
      occurred at 29.5 min, 1.5 min later than the entry time of this marker from the
      haploid E. coli Hfr. When  unselected inheritance of the recessive E. coli argH
      minus and rha-minus alleles of WR2080 was examined among ilv-+ selected E. coli
      recipients in which unselected inheritance of the Salmonella donor genes was
      shown to be low (8%), inheritance of argH-minus was only 7%, whereas 51%
      inherited the neighboring rha-minus gene. In a comparative cross employing a
      haploid E. coli Hfr, in which rha inheritance was similar at 56%, argH
      inheritance was 41%. It was concluded that the Salmonella genes contained in
      WR2080 were conserved on a genetic segment about 1.5 min in length chromosomally
      inserted near the allelic E. coli genes, thus creating a duplication on that
      region within the hybrid chromosome.

PMID- 1095546
TI  - Genetics of resistance to colicins in Escherichia coli K-12: cross-resistance
      among colicins of group A.
AB  - By using each of the available colicins, we have isolated a large number of
      colicin-resistant mutants. They included both receptor and tolerant mutants and
      each was screened for cross-resistance to all other colicins. On the basis of the
      cross-resistance of these mutants it was possible to place known colicins into
      two mutually exclusive groups, group A and group B. Mutants selected as resistant
      to colicins of group A may or may not be cross-resistant to other colicins of
      group A, BUT Are never resistant to colicins of group B. The reverse also
      applies. The mutants isolated as resistant to colicins of group A (A, E1, E2, E3,
      K, L, N, S4, and X) have been divided into 21 phenotypic classes on the basis of
      their colicin resistance patterns. These include most of the tolerant and
      receptor mutants previously isolated, some of which were previously shown to also
      have an increased sensitivity to certain antibiotics and detergents. Type strains
      from each of the phenotypic classes were therefore tested for sensitivity to a
      range of antibiotics, detergents, and surfactants that included all those
      previously used. With these new data, it has been possible to speculate
      informatively on the mode of action of the different colicins. We have confirmed
      the position of previously isolated mutations on the Escherichia coli K-12
      genetic map, and located approximately the loci conferring colicin resistance in
      some of the newly isolated mutants.

PMID- 1095547
TI  - dnaB gene of Escherichia coli K-12 affects superinfection inhibition between F'
      plasmids.
AB  - F' Escherichia coli K-12 strains bearing the chromosomal mutation dnaB43 offer
      significantly less resistance to the conjugational introduction of a second F'
      plasmid than do nonmutant strains. Both the entry exclusion and incompatibility
      components of superinfection inhibition are altered. This action of dnaB43 occurs
      regardless of the presence of a recA-minus mutation in matings in liquid cultures
      and on membrane filters and is not limited to a particular set of F' plasmids.
      These effects are co-transducible by phage P1 with the temperature sensitivity
      conferred by dnaB43. The effects also occur with a strain carrying dnaB107. In
      the double F' strains that arise, the two plasmids exist as units autonomous of
      one another and the chromosome.

PMID- 1095548
TI  - Restoration of F' superinfection inhibition in a DnaB mutant of Escherichia coli
      upon construction of heterozygous DnaB merodiploids or P1 lysogens carrying a
      dnaB analogue.
AB  - F-prime derivatives of the Escherichia coli strain CR34 bearing the
      thermosensitivity mutation dnaB43 display low levels of plasmid-determined
      superinfection inhibition in conjugational crosses at 30 C. Salt-mediated
      phenotypic suppression of this temperature sensitivity fails to restore normal
      levels of inhibition, indicating its alteration is not a secondary effect of
      dnaB43 a-tion on growth or deoxyribonucleic acid syntheiss. Superinfection
      inhibition is fully restored in mutant cells made merodiploid for the dnaB region
      by introduction of the F' dnaB-+ plasmid F134-1. dnaB43-bearing strains
      lysogenized with P1 phage contribution dnaB-analogue protein show eight to nine
      times more superinfection inhibition than do the same cells carrying P1 prophage
      repressed dnaB-analogue protein production. Taken together, this evidence
      suggests a direct causal relationship between dnaB43 and the altered
      superinfection inhibition phenotype.

PMID- 1095549
TI  - Genetic and kinetic evidence for different types of postreplication repair in
      Escherichia coli B.
AB  - The changes in molecular weight of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesized after
      ultraviolte irradiation of Escherichia coli WP28 uvrA, and strains additionally
      mutant at polA, exrA, recA, and exrA and polA loci, were examined by alkaline
      sucrose gradient centrifugation. In a repari=deficient uvrA recA strain, the
      frequency of breaks in newly synthesized DNA was equal to that for pyrimidine
      dimers in parental DNA. Measurements of the amounts and rates of postreplication
      repair of these breaks indicate that (i) repair is two to three times faster when
      DNA polymerase I is present, although (ii) almost all breaks are repaired
      regardless of DNA polymerase I activity. (iii) Increased ultraviolet doses lead
      to an increase in the proportion of breaks remaining unrepaired in uvrA recA,
      UVRA exrA, and uvrA exrA polA strains. The numbers of unrepaired breaks resemble
      the numbers expected if repair of one lesion is prevented by proximity of a
      second lesion.

PMID- 1095550
TI  - Effect of uncouplers on "downhill" beta-galactoside transport in energy-depleted
      cells of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Galactoside permease-containing cells of Escherichia coli can be depleted of
      energy reserves so that the "downhill" cellular hydrolysis of o-nitrophenyl-beta
      d-galactopyranoside (ONPG) no longer takes place. Treatment of such energy
      depleted cells with proton-conducting agents such as carbonylcyanide m
      chlorophenylhydrazone results in stimulation of ONPG transport. The same agents
      lower transport of non-energy-depleted cells towards the same levels that result
      from stimulation of the energy depleted cells. Of course, these agents prevent
      "uphill" accumulation against a concentration gradient under all conditions.
      Since uncouplers allow normal and energy-depleted cells to assume the same
      facilitated transport capability, these results lend support to the chemiosmotic
      hypothesis of Mitchell that comigration of charge is necessary for the transport
      of neutral galactosides. Our results imply that a potential favorable to
      transport is maintained by metabolism in non-energy-depleted cells, whereas an
      unfavorable potential is developed in the initial instant of time when energy
      depleted cells are given ONPG.

PMID- 1095551
TI  - Isolation of a nontransmissible antibiotic resistance plasmid by transductional
      shortening of R factor RP1.
AB  - A plasmid segregant carrying tetracycline and carbenicillin resistance markers
      has been isolated from R factor RP1 by transductional shortening with phage P22.
      The new plasmid RP1-S2, which has a molecular weight of 23 times 10-6, has lost
      the transfer, phage sensitivity, and neomycin resistance functions of RP1. It
      combines readily with a W group plasmid, R388, to form a transmissible
      carbenicillin and trimethoprim resistance plasmid, RWP1.

PMID- 1095552
TI  - Lambda bacteriophage gene produces and X-ray sensitivity of Escherichia coli:
      comparison of red-dependent and gam-dependent radioresistance.
AB  - When gene products of lambda bacteriophage are introduced into a cell by
      transient induction of a lysogen, increased resistance of the cells to X rays
      results. This phenomenon has been called phage-induced radioresistance. Genetic
      studies show at least two classes of induced radioresistance. The first type
      depends on the products of the lambda red genes and is observed in bacteria that
      are mutated in the recB gene. It is thought that the lambda red products
      compensate for the missing RecBC nuclease in the repair of X-ray damage. An
      optimal effect is obtained even when the lambda red products are supplied 1 h
      after irradiation. The lesions that are affected by the red-dependent process are
      probably not deoxyribonucleic acid strand breaks because the extent of
      deoxyribonucleic acid strand rejoining is not altered by the red products. The
      second type of phage-induced radioresistance requires the gam product of lambda
      and is observed in wild-type and polA strains. The lambda gam+ gene produce must
      be present immediately after irradiation to exert its full effect. In its
      presence, DNA breakdown is decreased, and a greater fraction of DNA is converted
      back to high molecular weight. Strains carrying lex, recA, or certain other
      combinations of mutations do not show any detectable phage-induced
      radioresistance.

PMID- 1095553
TI  - Properties of the imidazolylacetolphosphate aminotransferase produced in a mutant
      demonstrating no apparent genetic involvement of the structural gene.
AB  - Genetic studies with strain hisBH22 of Salmonella typhimurium indicate it
      contains a deletion within the histidine operon involving part of the hisH gene
      and all of the hisB gene, but not extending into the adjacent hisC gene which is
      adjacent to hisB. However, the specific activity of the hisC product,
      imidazolylacetolphosphate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.9), in this strain is only
      10 to 15% of that found in extracts from other mutants with a normal hisC gene.
      We have examined the rate of aminotransferase synthesis in this mutant and we
      find that the rate of synthesis of aminotransferase activity is low in mutant
      hisBH22, but the rate increases as the temperature of growth is lowered from 37
      to 23 C. The low rate of enzyme accumulation is not due to holoenzyme instability
      at 37 C but instead is due to apoenzyme instability at this temperature. By
      transducing the hisBH22 marker into a pyridoxine auxotroph and derepressing the
      histidine operon under conditions where the intracellular concentration of
      pyridoxal phosphate would be expected to be low, we were able to demonstrate
      significant apoenzyme production only at the lower temperature. We suggest that
      the explanation for low aminotransferase specific activity at 37 C is due to the
      presence of reduced numbers of catalytically active units caused by normal
      production of an unstable mutant apoenzyme with only approximately 15% of the
      molecules being activated to holoenzyme. The holoenzyme from strain hisBH22 is
      stable during growth of this strain at 37 C.

PMID- 1095554
TI  - Mode of action of alpha-dehydrobiotin, a biotin analogue.
AB  - Alpha-Dehydrobiotin, like biotin, represses coordinately the 7,8
      diaminopelargonic acid aminotransferase and the dethiobiotin synthetase enzymes
      that are encoded on the l and r strands, respectively, of the bioA operon. The
      rate of synthesis for both enzymes is inhibited about 80% in the presence of
      alpha-dehydrobiotin. Homobiotin and alpha-methylbiotin are less effective than
      alpha-dehydrobiotin in repressing the synthesis of the two enzymes. The selective
      repression of transcription from l and by alpha-dehydrobiotin and homobiotin,
      previously reported in hybridization experiments, is not observed at the enzyme
      level. A combination of equal concentrations of biotin and alpha-dehydrobiotin
      which was reported to enhance selectively the level of messenger ribonucleic acid
      transcribed from the l strand does not increase the rate of synthesis of the
      aminotransferase enzyme. Instead, the enzymes encoded on both strands are
      essentially completely inhibited as with biotin alone. Strain differences have
      been ruled out to account for the different results obtained by the two
      methodologies. Our evidence would suggest that alpha-dehydrobiotin acts like
      biotin, presumably as the co-repressor, in the repression of the bioA operon. The
      low rates of enzyme synthesis observed in the presence of the biotin analogue is
      the result of incomplete repression due to a lower affinity of either the
      analogue for the repressor or of the co-repressor/repressor complex for the
      operator. While our evidence would support the concept of a two promoter/operator
      complex, both would have to respond equally to biotin and its analogues. The
      evidence, however, does not rule out other possible alternative models for the
      regulation of the biotin operon.

PMID- 1095555
TI  - Amplification of sex repressor function of one fi-+ R-factor during anaerobic
      growth of Escherichia coli.
AB  - It has been reported by Mitsuhashi (1965) that transfer of one R-factor was
      completely inhibited by anaerobic transfer conditions. In contrast, several
      workers have observed R-factor transfer, although at a reduced rate, in the
      animal intestines, a largely anaerobic environment. It is shown here that in
      vitro transfer of the R-factor R1 (F-type pilus, fi-+) in Escherichia coli K-12
      is severely depressed, whereas transfer of R64 (I-type pilus, fi-minus) is
      slightly stimulated by anaerobiosis. Inhibition of R1 fertility is dependent on
      anaerobic conditions during pregrowth of the donor cells, whereas the oxygen
      tension during recipient pregrowth, transfer, and plating is of little
      importance. Anaerobic pregrowth has a less inhibitory effect on the fertility of
      R1drd19, a mutant of R1 having a defective sex repressor. The fi-+ property of R1
      when introduced into F' or Hfr bacteria is amplified during anaerobic growth.
      These observations strongly indicate that the sex repressor is the mediator of
      the anaerobic fertility inhibition of the R-factor R1. This hypothesis was
      supported by studies of the formation of sex pili, the only gene product
      identified that is controlled by the sex repressor of R1. Using propagation of
      the F-type pilus-specific phage MS2 as a measure of the degree of sex piliation
      of a bacterial population, it is shown that in anaerobic cultures sex piliation
      due to R1 is strongly repressed, whereas piliation due to R1drd19 is repressed to
      a lesser extent. The possible survival value of the response of R1 towards oxygen
      tension is discussed.

PMID- 1095556
TI  - Alterations of the rate of movement of deoxyribonucleic acid replication forks.
AB  - Antibiotics that inhibit ribonucleic acid (RNA) or protein synthesis are often
      used in studies of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis. The experiments
      presented here demonstrate that the rate of movement of DNA replication forks can
      be influenced by such antibotics. Addition of either chloramphenicol, which
      inhibits movement of ribosomes along messenger RNA, or streptolydigin, which
      inhibits movement of RNA polymerase, leads to a decrease in the rate of fork
      movement. Rifampin, which inhibits initiation of RNA synthesis, reverses the
      effects of chloramphenicol or streptolydigin. The slowed movement of DNA
      replication forks is discussed in terms of obstruction of fork movement by
      transcription complexes temporarily immobilized on the DNA template.

PMID- 1095557
TI  - Variation in expression of sex factor genes in the Proteus-Providencia group
      relative to Escherichia coli.
AB  - Several instances of anomalous expression of genes introduced from Escherichia
      coli K-12 into Proteus mirabilis have been described. It is shown here that
      control of sex pilus synthesis directed by the F-like R factor R1 and its
      depressed derivatives R1-16 (O-C) and R1-19 (i-minus) is also anomalous in P.
      mirabilis. Piliation in cells bearing the depressed plasmids is expressed at a
      lower level than in E. coli K-12, and repression is absent in R1-carrying cells.
      Preliminary results show a similar effect in Providencia. In Proteus morganii, a
      similarly reduced level of piliation in R1-16-+ or R1-19-+ cultures is observed,
      but an intermediate level of repression occurs in R1-+ cultures. Less extensive
      data suggest that expression of the sex factor genes of an R factor of the N
      incompatibility group differs far less between E. coli and P. mirabilis hosts.
      Possible bases for these effects are discussed.

PMID- 1095558
TI  - RP1 properties and fertility inhibition among P, N, W, and X incompatibility
      group plasmids.
AB  - Incompatibility group P plasmids demonstrate strong entry exclusion properties.
      Stringent incompatibility is also observed in the absence of entry exclusion.
      These observations have been facilitated by the study of a nontransmissible
      plasmid, RP1-S2, derived from RP1 by transductional shortening. RP1-S2 retains
      carbenicillin and tetracycline resistances as well as loci that cause either the
      loss of P plasmids (incp) or a locus specifying susceptibility to curing (sinp)
      in the presence of a P plasmid. RP1-S2 can be mobilized by an incompatibility
      group W plasmid, R388, and also freely forms recombinants with R388. P, N, and W
      incompatibility group plasmids all encode information for the receptor of the
      cell wall-adsorbing phage PRD1. Based on the premise that the location of this
      receptor is analogous to entry exclusion factors for F-like plasmids and hence a
      regulated transfer region determinant, we tested fertility inhibition
      relationships among these plasmid groups. We detected both reciprocal and
      nonreciprocal fertility inhibition relationships for bacteria containing various
      combinations of W, N, and P group plasmids. The nonreciprocal nature of some
      combinations, we believe, reflects the identity of the point mutation reading to
      derepression of the plasmid in question. Reciprocal fertility inhibition, on the
      other hand, may reflect the reconstruction of a fertility inhibition system
      through complementation. An X incompatibility group plasmid, known to affect the
      fertility of an N group plasmid, was also shown to inhibit P plasmid fertility.
      These observations may indicate a possible evolutionary relationship(s) of
      plasmids unrelated by the criteria of incompatibility, pilus phage specificity,
      or plasmid host range.

PMID- 1095559
TI  - Gentic properties of an R factor carrying resistance to aminolgycoside
      antibiotics.
AB  - R factor Rms 151 is an fi+ R factor and belongs to a incompatibility group FII.
      It carries the genes governing resistance to various aminoglycoside antibiotics,
      i.e., kanamycin (KM), lividomycin (LV), gentamicin C complex (GM), and 3',4'
      dideoxykanamycin B (DKB), in addition to those governing to tetracycline (TC),
      chloramphenicol (CM), sulfanilamide (SA), and ampicillin (APC). Electron
      microscopy observation disclosed that the Rms151 deoxyribonucleic acid was a
      circular form with length of 31.2 mum. A probable circular genetic map of Rms151
      was proposed by genetic and biochemical studies, the genes being in the order of 
      tet-tra-amp-aad-sul-aph-cml-, in which aad and aph confer resistance to KM.GM.DKB
      by adenylytransferase or resistance to KM.LV by phosphotransferase, respectively.

PMID- 1095560
TI  - Colicin tolerance and map location of conjugation-deficient mutants.
AB  - Con minus mutants, conjugation-defective mutants of Escherichia coli K-12, have
      been shown to be tolerant to colicins K and L. They map at approximately 14 min
      on the genetic map. The significance of the colicin tolerance of conjugation
      defective mutants is discussed.

PMID- 1095561
TI  - Synchronization of cell division in Escherichia coli by amino acid starvation:
      strain specificity.
AB  - Synchronization of cell division by amino acid starvation can be induced in
      strains B and K-12 of Escherichia coli but not in strain B/r.

PMID- 1095562
TI  - Quantitation of the loss of the bacteriophage lambda receptor protein from the
      outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide-deficient strains of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The recpetor for the phage lambda, a protein component of the outer membrane, is
      present at decreased levels in strains of Escherichia coli that are deficient in
      lipopolysaccharide. Loss of the protein was quantitated both by an assay of the
      phage receptor function and by an assay of antiserum-blocking ability to detect
      inactive protein. The loss of protein was correlated with the loss of sugar
      residues and phosphage from the core region of the lipopolysaccharide.
      Implications for the importance of ionic interactions in the stabilization of the
      outer membrane are discussed.

PMID- 1095563
TI  - Transition of the R factor NR1 and Proteus mirabilis: level of drug resistance of
      nontransitioned and transitioned cells.
AB  - When Proteus mirabilis harboring the R factor NR1 is cultured in Penassay broth
      containing 100 mug of chloramphenicol (CM) per ml, there is an amplification in
      the number of copies of the r-determinants per cell. Under these conditions, R
      factors harboring multiple tandem sequences of r-determinants are formed.
      Autonomous poly-f-determinants consisting of multiple copies of r-determinants
      are also formed. This phenomenon has been referred to as the "transition".
      Transitioned cells have considerably higher levels of resistance to CM and
      streptomycin (SM), but not to tetracycline (TC), than do nontransitioned cells
      and grow more rapidly in medium containing either CM or SM. There is essentially
      no difference in growth rates between transitioned and nontransitioned cells in
      drug-free medium. The higher level of resistance of transitioned cells to SM has
      made it possible to investigate the mechanism of the transition. Using replica
      plating, it has been possible to isolate spontaneously occurring transitioned
      cells from a nontransitioned population which appear to outgrow the
      nontransitioned cells during growth in medium containing 100 mug of CM per ml. If
      transiitoned cells are subsequently cultured in drug-free medium, the cells
      return gradually to the nontransitioned state, which has been referred to as the
      "back-transition was monitored by examining the level of resisitance of the cells
      to SM. In both situations the cell populations were found to be heterogeneous,
      consisting of a mixture of nontransitioned and transitioned cells. Under the
      conditions of our experiments, the transition appeared to be due to the more
      rapid growth of a minor fraction of spontaneously occurring transitioned cells
      which outgrew the remainder of cells in the population. To obtain the transition,
      the drug resistance gene must reside on the r-determinants component of the R
      factor. The transition did not take place when the cells were cultured in medium
      containing high concentrations of TC. This indicates that the TC resistance genes
      reside on the resistance transfer factor component of the R factor, which is in
      agreement with physical studies on R factor deoxyribonucleic acid.

PMID- 1095564
TI  - Regulation of the Escherichia coli methylgalactoside transport system by gene
      mglD.
AB  - Constitutive activity of the methylgalactoside transport system of Escherichia
      coli K-12 is shown to result from mutation of a genetic locus distinct from the
      two previously described regulatory loci for this permease. Employing an
      autoradiographic procedure whereby constitutive and inducible cells can be
      differentiated, it is demonstrated that this locus, termed mglD, is 20%
      cotransducible with ptsF by bacteriophage P1. Selection for constitutive mutants
      among an inducible population yielded cells who mutations mapped in mglD.
      Cotransduction of mglD with mglB, minus C, and minus A, three genes required for
      activity of the methylgalactoside transport system, is 95, 88, and 81%,
      respectively. The results of recombination studies employing three and four
      factors indicate that the order of genes in this region is ptsF, mglD, B, C, A.

PMID- 1095565
TI  - Genetic and physiological analysis of an envB spherelike mutant of Escherichia
      coli K-12 and characterization of its transductants.
AB  - The envB1 mutation mediating a distorted cell morphology of Escherichia coliK-12
      was cotransducible with strA, aroE, aspB, and argG. The mapping data is
      consistent with a gene location for envB around 62.5 min. In partial diploids
      envB1 was recessive to its wild-type allele. The original envB mutant contained a
      second mutation in a locus denoted sloB close to strA. The following gene order
      is suggested: sloB-strA-aroE-envB-aspB-argG. The sloB1 mutation caused a marked
      reduction in the growth rate of both envB and envB+ strains. Moreover, this
      mutation in the presence of envB1 appears to increase the ratio between
      deoxyribonucleic acid and protein in cells growing in rich medium. The phenotypic
      properties of envB1, sloB+ and envB+ transductants were characterized. Cells with
      envB1, sloB+ genotype were hypersensitive to several penicillins including the
      beta-lactam compound, amidino penicillin. Penicillin hypersensitivity could not
      be explained by increased outer membrane penetrability. The original envB mutant
      (envB1,SLOB1), as well as envB1, sloB1 or envB+, SLOB1 transductants were
      resistant to amidino penicillin. Resistance was explained by the slow growth rate
      mediated by the sloB1 mutation. The similarity between envB cells and wild-type
      cells treated with sublethal concentrations of amidino penicillin was emphasized.

PMID- 1095566
TI  - Role of undecaprenyl phosphate in synthesis of polymers containing sialic acid in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Membrane-associated sialytransferase complexes from Escherichia coli K-235
      catalyze the incorporation of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) from cytidine 5
      monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuNAc) into polymeric products and a
      lipid fraction. Reconstitution of enzyme activity in lipid-depleted membrane
      complexes had an absolute dependence on a purified phospholipid which was
      characterized by high resolution mass spectrometry following dephosphorylation as
      undecaprenol. An identical mass spectrum was obtained on the phosphorylated lipid
      confirming that the active derivative was undecaprenyl phosphate. This C55
      isoprenoid alcohol accounted for 95% of the polyisoprenol and contained 11
      isoprene units, each one unsaturated. The remaining 5% was composed of the C60
      homologue, dodecaprenol. Ficarprenyl phosphate, an isomer of undecaprenyl
      phosphate, also restored enzymatic activity although on a molar basis, it was
      less active than undecaprenyl phosphate. These results provide direct evidence
      that sialyl polymer synthesis has an obligatory requirement for undecaprenyl
      phosphate, a membrane-bound lipid coenzyme which functions as an intermediate
      carrier of glycosyl residues in the biosynthesis of a variety of microbial cell
      surface polysaccharides. These data extend further the general class of
      polysaccharides whose synthesis involves undecaprenyl phosphate and are in accord
      with the hypothesis that this lipid acts as an intermediate carrier of sialyl
      residues in sialyl polymer synthesis according to the following reaction: CMP
      NeuNAc plus P-undecaprenol in equilibrium NeuNAc-P-undecaprenol plus CMP Although
      the sialylated lipid remains to be characterized, evidence in support of this
      conclusion was obtained by kinetic analysis of N-acetylneuraminic acid transfer
      into the lipid soluble fraction and sialyl polymers. These studies showed a rapid
      incorporation of N-acetylneuraminic acid into the lipid-soluble fraction prior to
      maximal sialyl polymer formation, an observation consistent with a possible
      precursortion, an observation consistent with a possible precursor-product
      relationship. Confirmation that the radioactivity in the lipid-soluble fraction
      was lipid-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid was provided by the demonstration of the
      formation of a transitory sialyl-lipid with chromatographic properties expected
      of sialyl-undecaprenyl phosphate. Three additional lines of investigation
      implicated a functional role for undecaprenyl phosphate in sialyl polymer
      synthesis...

PMID- 1095567
TI  - Properties of membrane-associated sialyltransferase of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Membrane-associated sialyltransferase complexes in Escherichia coli K-235 can be
      dissociated by lipid deletion and reassembled by the addition of undecaprenyl
      phosphate, a unique membrane-bound lipid coenzyme. Following disruption of the
      cells by pressure disintegration and centrifugal fractionation, the
      sialyltransferase activity is assocatied with both a "particulate" and "soluble"
      complex. Kinetic studies as well as sugar nucleotide, metal ion, pH, ammonium
      sulfate, and thiol reagent requirements showed these two complexes contained
      functionally identical enzymatic activities. Isopycnic sucrose density gradient
      centrifugation studies carried out on unfractionated total membranes established
      that these sialytransferase activities were associated with membrane hybrids
      composed of different relative amounts of inner and outer membranes. Enzyme
      localization studies employing DPNH oxidase, a marker for the inner membrane, and
      relative phospholipid to protein composition determinations in the two complexes,
      provided added support for this conclusion. Sialyl polymer synthesis was not
      dependent on the incorporation of other monosaccharides and had no demonstrable
      metal ion requirement. Kinetic studies showed that the Km for cytidine 5
      monophospho-N-acetylneuraminic acid in intact soluble and particulate enzyme
      preparations was 8.1 times 10-5M and 9.2 times 105M, respectively. Similarly,
      both enzyme complexes had nearly identical Vmax values. Following reassembly of
      delipidated enzyme preparations, however, there was a 10-fold increase in the Km
      value for the particulate enzyme and a 3-fold increase for the soluble enzyme.
      This increase was accompanied by an increase of approximately the same magnitude
      in the Vmax values. Since the lipid coenzyme was limiting in intact enzyme
      preparations, the increase in Vmax reflected an increase in the concentration of
      the active lipid in reconstituted complexes. Sialyl polymer synthesis in intact
      membrane preparations was stimulated by the exogenous addition of lipid.
      Insertion of the carrier lipid was dependent on temperature. At 37 degrees, a
      120% increase in sialytransferase activity was observed while only a 35% increase
      was observed at 30 percent. At 20 degrees, no stimulation occurred. Fluidity of
      the lipid phase is apparently required for proper function of this
      membraneassociated enzyme complex. Thus, at 20 degrees, a temperature below the
      membrane lipid transition temperature, the lipids are relatively immobile.

PMID- 1095568
TI  - Synthesis and turnover of basal level guanosine tetraphosphate in Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Cultures of escherichia coli growing exponentially in Trisacetate medium were
      subjected to nutritional shift-up and the pool size of guanosine 5'-3'
      diphosphate-3'diphosphate (ppGpp) as well as the rates of protein synthesis and
      net RNA synthesis were determined. In the shift to a rich medium (glucose plus 19
      amino acids plus hypoxanthine) the basal level of ppGpp falls immediately with a
      decay constant suggesting total inhibition of synthesis; ther is no ppGpp
      detectable above background for 30 to 40 min. The net rate of RNA synthesis
      starts to increase within 1 min of the shift-up and has reached its definite
      postshift value well before the pool of ppGGpp rises above background lvel. In a
      shift-up from Tris-acetate medium to Tris-glucose medium there is a much slower
      readjustment of the ppGpp pool size without the transient disappearance of the
      nucleotide. However, in a shift-up to Tris-acetate plus 5 amino acids, a medium
      which supports the same growth rate as Tris-glucose medium, a dramatic, transient
      drop in the ppGpp pool level was observed. Relaxed cells exhibit very similar
      behavior to strigent cells in the same shift-up. Our data argue strongly against
      an exclusive role for pGpp in regulating RNA synthesis during niutritional shift
      up. The kinetic data of [3H]guanosine uptake into GTP and ppGpp pools were
      analyzed to determine the rate of pGpp synthesis. This rate was found to be
      similar during expotential growth in either Tris-acetate medium. During a shift
      down from Tris-glucose to Tris-acetate medium the rate of ppGpp syntesis fell by
      a factor of 1.5 to 2 and the turnover rate is reduced 6- to 8-fold, suggesting
      that the expansion in the ppGp pool during shift-down canot be due to
      derepression of synthesis.

PMID- 1095569
TI  - The subunit structure of phosphoglucose isomerase from bakers' yeast.
AB  - Bakers' yeast phosphoglucose isomerase was studied by both chemical and physical
      methods to determine its submit structure. Gel filtration in 6 M guanidine HCl as
      well as acrylamide gel electrophoresis of sodium dodecyl sulfatedentured
      phosphoglucose isomerase showed two speices corresponding to one-half and one
      fourth of the preparative molecular weight of 119,400 determined by equilibrium
      centrifugation. Further centrifugation studies showed that the enzyme could be
      completely dissociated to species of 30,000 molecular weight. Peptide maps of
      tryptic hydrolysates of denatured and chemically modified enzyme showed that the
      protein is composed of four identical or nearly identical sub-units. The results
      of amino acid analysis, except half-cystine content, were compatible with
      identical subunits. The appearent partial specific volume and extinction
      coefficient were also determined.

PMID- 1095570
TI  - Two photo-cross-linked complexes of isoleucine specific transfer ribonucleic acid
      with aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases.
AB  - Escherichia coli Ile-tRNA synthetase and tRNA-Ile have been cross-linked
      photochemically by the direct action of ultraviolet light. In addition, photo
      induced joining of tRNA-Ile E. coli to Val-tRNA synthetase from yeast has also
      been achieved. This yeast enzyme is known to mischarge E. coli tRNA-Ile with
      valine. Regions on tRNA-Ile involved in cross-linking have been determined for
      both complexes. In each case, three distinct parts of the nucleic acid are found
      cross-linked. Two of these are the same in both complexes and involve the
      dihydrouridine stem and loop region. The third part is unique for each complex.
      It involves the 3' terminus in the cognate one and the 3' side of the anticodon
      in the non-cognate case. When the cross-linked regions are projected onto a model
      of the three-dimensional structure of tRNA, it is clear that these and other data
      are consistent with having each enzyme bound in a similar orientation across tRNA
      Ile. The enzymes are viewed as spanning the distance from the anticodon to the 3'
      terminus and making extensive contact with the area in which the two helical
      branches of the L-shape tRNA structure come together.

PMID- 1095571
TI  - Isolation of the alpha and beta subunits of Escherichia coli succinyl coenzyme A
      synthetase and their recombination into active enzyme.
AB  - Pure preparations of the alpha and beta subunits of succinyl-CoA synthetase of
      Escherichia coli have been obtained by preparative gel electrophoresis in the
      presence of detergent or by gel filtration in acid urea solution. Substantial
      enzyme activity (50 to 60%) can be recovered following renaturation of an
      equimolar mixture of the two subunits prepared by gel filtration. The substrate
      ATP is required for reconstitution of activity, but the presence of our
      substrates does not appear to influence the renaturation process. Knowing that
      ATP phosphorylates the alpha subunit in the native enzyme, these data suggest
      that phosphorylation of this subunit is necessary for correct assembly.
      Comparison of the amino acid compositions of the stoichiometry of the subunit
      reassociation in the reconstitution process confirm the alpha2 beta2 structure
      for the native enzyme.

PMID- 1095572
TI  - Leucine transport in Escherichia coli. The resolution of multiple transport
      systems and their coupling to metabolic energy.
AB  - The multiple active transport systems mediating L-leucine accumulation in
      Escherichia coli strain 7 (K12) and ML 308-225 have been examined. In addition to
      the previously characterized osmotic shock-sensitive LS (L-leucine-specific) and
      LIV-I (L-leucine; L-isoleucine-, and L-valine-specific) activities, a third
      system (designated LIV-II) has been detected, confirming a report by Rahmanian et
      al. (RAHMANIAN, M., CLAUS, D.R., and OXENDER, D. L. (1973) J. Bacteriol. 116,
      1258-1266). This third system transports L-leucine, L-isoleucine, and L-valine
      with a relatively low affinity (apparent transport Km equals 4 muM for L-leucine)
      and it is resistant to repression by cell growth on L-leucine. Exploitation of
      these properties and of the differential sensitivity of the three transport
      activities to inhibition by L-leucine analogues permits estimation of the
      contribution by each system to the total transport activity under varying
      conditions. Such experiments show that, unlike systems LS and LIV-I, system LIV
      II is resistant to osmotic shock. The L-leucine, L-iosleucine, and L-valine
      transport activity in membrane vesicles from strain ML 308-225 has the properties
      of system LIV-II. Although the L-leucine transport activities in strains 7 and ML
      308-225 are in all other respects similar, membrane vesicles from strain 7 do not
      transport L-leucine, L-isoleucine, or L-valine. L-leucine transport under various
      conditions of energy supply has been measured in strain ML 308-225 and the
      corresponding Mg-2+-ATP-ASE-DEFICIENT STRAIN, DL-54. These measurements support
      the view that the osmotic shock-sensitive LS and LIV-I activities depend on the
      synthesis of ATP, while the osmotic shock-resistant LIV-II activity depends on
      the energized membrane state generated by electron flow but not on ATP synthesis,
      per se. This conclusion is not supported by the inhibitory effects of the energy
      poisons arsenate and 2,4-dinitrophenol, but these compounds may have secondary
      chemical effects on the transport systems.

PMID- 1095573
TI  - Transport in an Escherichia coli fatty acid auxotroph. A novel case of catabolite
      repression.
AB  - The transport of alpha-methylglucoside and a variety of amino acids including
      histidine, leucine, lysine, proline, and threonine are reduced 5- to 50-fold in
      Escherichia coli K1061, an unsaturated fatty acid auxotroph, when cells are grown
      in medium containing glucose as a carbon source and supplemented with either cis
      vaccenic acid or cis-9, 10-methylenehexadecanoic acid. Cells grown in glucose
      medium containing oleate, palmitoleate, or cis-7-hexadecenoate do not exhibit
      this effect and transport alpha-methylglucoside and amino acids at rates
      comparable to those of a wild type strain. For cis-vaccenate- and cis-9, 10
      methylenehexadecanoate-grown cells the capacity to transport amino acids and
      alpha-methylglucoside is normal when glycerol or succinate is the energy supply
      or when cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate is added to cultures growing on
      glucose. These results suggest that in this strain several transport systems are
      affected by catabolite repression, but the phenomenon is unique since repression
      requires not only glucose but specific unsaturated fatty acids, cis-vaccenic
      acid, or cis-9, 20-methylenehexadecanoic acid.

PMID- 1095574
TI  - Tryptophan operon read-through. Isolation and characterization of an abnormally
      long tryptophan synthetase alpha subunit from a frame-shift mutant of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - A new mutant strain of Escherichia coli, strain ICR-47, contains a frame-shift
      mutation in the trpA gene, the gene most distal to the operator in the trp
      operon. Mapping experiments indicate that the lesion is located at a site within
      10 to 15% of the end of this gene. The mutation results in "out-of-phase"
      translation of the distal portion of the trp mRNA; normal translational
      termination signal(s) are not encountered and a trpA gene product longer than the
      wild type protein is produced. As with the other enzymes produced from this
      operon, the in vivo level of the altered protein (the alpha subunit of the
      tryptophan synthetase enzyme complex) is controlled by exogenous L-tryptophan.
      The altered alpha subunit from the strain ICR-47 has been isolated and
      characterized. Molecular weight estimations indicate a molecular weight of
      approximately 37,000, an increase beyond the wild type enzyme corresponding to an
      additional 50 to 70 amino acid residues. The protein has a new COOH-terminal
      amino acid sequence. Results of preliminary hybridization experiments suggest
      that the ICR-47 mRNA, which is necessarily longer than that needed to code for
      wild type enzyme, is not detectably different in size from wild type mRNA. The
      enzymatic properties of the ICR-47 alpha subunit indicates a greatly reduced
      ability of the mutant subunit to combine functionally with wild type beta2
      subunit, the second protein component in the tryptophan synthetase enzyme
      complex. In contrast, only 40 to 50% of the intrinsic enzymatic activity of the
      alpha subunit is lost.

PMID- 1095575
TI  - Turnover of protein synthetic elongation and initiation factors in Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - In an effort to understand the regulation of expression of the factors required
      for protein biosynthesis, we have measured the turnover of elongation factor G
      (EF-G) and initiation factor 2 (IF-2). Using a quantitative assay which involves
      immunoprecipitation and gel electrophoresis, it was found that both of these
      factors are very stable cellular proteins, but that their rates of accumulation
      are quite different, indicating a differential rate of synthesis. The effects of
      amino acid starvation and the relaxed response were also examined. The results
      showed that under these conditions EF-G and IF-2 are neither synthesized nor
      degraded.

PMID- 1095576
TI  - Termination of transcription in bacteriophage lambda. Heterogeneous, 3'-terminal
      oligo-adenylate additions and the effects of rho factor.
AB  - RNA transcripts were synthesized in vitro from a lambda DNA template with
      purified Escherichia coli RNA polymerase either in the presence or absence of the
      protein termination factor, rho. The products were initially characterized by
      electrophoresis on polyacrylamide slab gels, and two of the lower molecular
      weight discrete species (6 S and 4 S RNA) were further characterized by standard
      two-dimensional "fingerprint" analysis. Production of the 4 S RNA was strongly
      affected by the presence of rho, whereas production of the 6 S RNA species was
      relatively unaffected by rho. 3'-Terminal oligonucleotide fragments were then
      selectively isolated on columns of dihydroxyboryl-substituted cellulose from
      these transcripts. Sequence analysis of these oligonucleotide products indicated:
      (a) that all of the transcripts examined possess similar degrees of 3'-terminal
      sequence heterogeneity which consisted predominantly of the addition of 1 to 5
      adenylate residues to the 3'-terminus of the transcript; and (b) that rho factor
      enhanced termination results in a definite structural change in the nucleotide
      sequence with which an RNA molecule can terminate.

PMID- 1095577
TI  - Resolution of D-serine dehydratase by cysteine.  An analytical treatment.
AB  - A general method is presented for analysis of the resolution of pyridoxal-P
      requiring enzymes by carbonyl reagents.  The method is useful for accurately
      determining the very small equilibrium constants (KP) which characterize the
      dissociation of cofactor from many pyridoxal-P-requiring enzymes.  The analysis
      also establishes the minimum number and relative stabilities of distinct enzymic
      species involved in the resolution process.  Analysis of the resolution of D
      serine dehydratase by L-and D-cysteine resulted in the establishment of an enzyme
      bound thiazolidine derivative as an intermediate in the pathway for resolution. 
      The over-all equilibrium constant (KR) for the reaction, D-serine dehydratase +
      cystein in equilibrium KR thiazolidine derivative +D-serine apodehydratase was
      determined.  At pH 7.80, T/2 0.33, 25 degrees, KR equal to 1.08 times 10-minus 3.
      A value of 7.0 nM for the equilibrium constant for the dissociation of D-serine
      dehydratase to apoenzyme and free pyridoxal-P was determined from the ratio
      KR/KT, where KT is the equilibrium constant for the formation of a thiazolidine
      derivative from free pyridoxal-P and cysteine.  An estimate of 14 nM for KP was
      also obtained from partial resolution of D-serine dehydratase by high dilution. 
      The difficulties associated with this direct determination of KP from the
      dependence on the enzyme concentration of the activity of very dilute solutions
      of enzyme are discussed.

PMID- 1095578
TI  - Bacteriophage T7 Deoxyribonucleic acid replication in vitro.  A protein of
      Escherichia coli required for bacteriophage T7 DNA polymerase activity.
AB  - In vivo, replication of T7 DNA does not occur after infection of Escherchia coli
      tsnC mutants (CHAMBERLIN, M. (1974) J. Virol. 14, 509-516). In vitro, extracts of
      tsnC mutant E. coli infected with T7 hage are incapable of replicating duplex T7
      DNA, although extracts of wild type E. coli infected with T7 phage support
      replication of T7 DNA. In addition, extracts of the infected tsnC mutant are
      deficient in T7 DNA polymerase activity. Extracts prepared from uninfected E.coli
      tsnC-+ cells restore the ability of the infected tsnC extracts to replicate
      duplex T7 DNA, and also restore normal levels of the phage DNA polymerase
      activity. A 12,000-dalton heat-stable protein responsible for this
      complementation has been purified to near homogeneity from uninfected tsnC+
      extracts and it is designated "TsnC protein."

PMID- 1095579
TI  - Bacteriophage T7 deoxyribonucleic acid replication invitro. Bacteriophage T7 DNA
      polymerase: an an emzyme composed of phage- and host-specific subunits.
AB  - The DNA polymerase induced after infection of Escherichia coli by phage T7 has
      been purified 500-fold to near homogeneity as judged by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate.  The purified enzyme
      complements extracts of cells infected with a T7 gene 5 mutant to permit cell
      free replication of duplex T7 DNA.  In contrast, purified T4 DNA polymerase or E.
      coli DNA polymerase I is unable to do so, thus suggesting a specific requirement
      for the T7 enzyme in the replication of the viral DNA.  E. coli TsnC protein is
      present in purified T7 DNA polymerase in one-to-one stoichiometry with T7 gene 5
      protein, and can be isolated in homogeneous form from heat-denatured enzyme by
      chromatography on DEAE-cellulose.  The inactive form of T7 gene 5 protein that
      accumulates in tsnC hosts has been partially purified.  When partially purified
      gene 5 protein is mixed with purified TsnC protein, DNA polymerase activity is
      restored, and formation of a one-to-one complex between the two proteins occurs. 
      These results indicate that the functional form ofT7 DNA polymerase is a complex
      composed of phage- and host-specified subunits.

PMID- 1095580
TI  - Bacteriophage T7 deoxyribonucleic acid replication in vitro.  Purification and
      properties of the gene 4 protein of bacteriophage T7.
AB  - The T7 gene 4 protein, a protein known from genetic analysis to participate in
      phage DNA replication in vivo, has been purified approximately 500-fold with an
      in vitro complementation assay. The protein, purified from cells infected with a
      T7 gene 4 temperature-sensitive mutant, is thermolabile, establishing that the
      complementation activity is in the protein product of the phage gene 4. The
      purified protein has no detectable nuclease, DNA polymerase, or RNA polymerase
      activity. However, in addition to stimulating the rate of DNA replication in
      crude extracts of T7 gene 4 mutant-infected cells, the gene 4 protein effects a
      marked stimulation of DNA synthesis by the purified T7 DNA polymerase when duplex
      T7 DNA is used as template. This effect is not observed when denatured T7 DNA is
      used as template, or when phage T4 DNA polymerase or Escherichia coli DNA
      polymerase I, II, OR III is substituted for the T4 enzyme. Analysis of the DNA
      synthesized by the T7 DNA polymerase in the presence of the gene 4 protein
      indicates that much of the product is in short DNA chains which are not
      covalently attached to the template. This result suggests a novel mechanism for
      the initiation of DNA chains in this reaction.

PMID- 1095581
TI  - Purification and characterization of homogeneous initiation factor M2A from
      rabbit reticulocytes.
AB  - Rabbit reticulocyte initiation factor M2A has been prepared in homogeneous form. 
      The final preparation was purified 2,300-fold and ran as a single band on
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in three different buffer systems: alkaline,
      sodium dodecyl sulfate, and acidic 6.5 M urea.  IF-M2A also ran as a single band
      in polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing experiments with an apparent pI of
      6.45.  The molecular weight of IF-M2A was approximately 125,000 based on
      determinations by low speed equilibrium centrifugation (118,000), sodium dodecyl
      sulfate gel electrophoresis (130,000) and s20,w combined with Stokes radius
      (124,000).  The amino acid composition of IF-M2A revealed three unusual features:
      a) the basic amino acids represented 19.4 mol %; b) glutamicacid (plus glutamine)
      constituted 18.8 mol%; c) tryptophan and cysteine residues were only 0.4 and 0.7
      mol%, respectively.  Homogeneous IF-M2A was tested in several initiation assays
      using either natural or artificial mRNAs.  In each assay tested, homogeneous IF
      M2A fully substituted for cruder preparations and at concentrations commensurate
      with its increased purity.  IF-M2A was also examined for ribosome-dependent GTP
      hydrolysis, an assay requiring ribosomes but no other initiation factors. 
      Analysis of the data yielded a Km for GTP of 10 muM and a Vmax for hydrolysis of
      1.20pmol/mug IF-M2A/min.  In addition, IF-M2A mediated GTP hydrolysis required
      both 40 S and 60 S subunits for maximal activity.  The possibility that IF-M2A is
      a factor required for the joining of 40 S and 60 S subunits is discussed.

PMID- 1095583
TI  - Inhibition of thymidylate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase by naturally
      occurring oligoglutamate derivatives of folic acid.
AB  - Naturally occurring oligoglutamate derivatives of folic acid in extracts of
      Escherichia coli have been isolated on the basis of their inhibitory actions
      toward thymidylate synthetase and dihydrofolate reductase. The inhibitor of
      thymidylate synthetase has been identified as N-5-formyl-H4pteroyloligoglutamate
      (approximately 5 amino acid residues). It is 150-fold more inhibitory than the
      monoglutamate. Synthetic N-5-formyl derivatives containing 3 to 6 glutamyl
      residues were prepared and found to be 67- to 200-fold more inhibitory than the
      monoglutamate. N-5-Formimino-H4pteroyltriglutamate is one-twentieth as inhibitory
      as the corresponding N-5-formyl derivative. The inhibitor of mouse leukemia
      dihydrofolate reductase has been identified as N-10-formylpteropentaglutamate. It
      is approximately 7 times as inhibitory as N-10-formylpteroylmonoglutamate. It is
      4,400 times as inhibitory toward mouse leukemia dihydrofolate reductase compared
      with the enzyme from E. coli. Lysine analogs of N-5-formyl-H4folate containing
      alpha0glutamyl groups in peptide linkage to the epsilon-amino group of lysine
      were relatively poor inhibitors of thymidylate synthetase. The inhibitory action
      of folic acid oligoglutamates on E. coli thymidylate synthetase was subject to
      reversal with 0.4 M NaCl, an effect that was more marked with various
      pteroyloligoglutamates than with H4homopteroylmonoglutamate and N-5, N-8-deaza-N
      10-methylpteroylmonoglutamate.

PMID- 1095582
TI  - Escherichia coli succinic thiolinase. Stoichiometry of phosphorylation and
      coenzyme A binding.
AB  - Equilibrium and covalent binding studies of succinic thiokinase from Escherichia
      coli indicates that there can be a stoichiometric relationship between coenzyme A
      binding and the phosphoyrlation capacity of the enzyme. A comparison of
      homogeneous enzyme preparations has revealed that enzyme of high specific
      activity exhibits greater binding capacity and that this property is proportional
      to enzyme activity. Phosphorylation capacity was related to specific activity in
      highly active enzyme preparations, but leveled off at 1 mol of phosphorus/mol of
      thiokinase. These studies show that the "dimer of dimers" structure of succinic
      thiokinase contains the expected two active sites and that this enzyme does not
      demonstrate "half-the-sites" reactivity. A coenzyme A binding  site of lower
      affinity can be detected in some enzyme samples of lower specific activity.
      Binding of coenzyme A to the higher affinity sites may involve positive
      cooperativity. ATP, unlike ADP, does not bind to phosphorylated enzyme.

PMID- 1095584
TI  - Polyadenylate metabolism in the nuclei and cytoplasm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A procedure has been designed for the simultaneous isolation, in a single step,
      of the nuclei and cytoplasm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae alphas288c spheroplasts.
      We have examined the polyadenylate poly(A)-containing RNA in these fractions and
      their kinetics of synthesis. Nuclear RNA saturates with [3H] adenine within 10
      min. Labeled RNA appears very quickly in the cytoplasm, exceeding the amount of
      labeled nuclear RNA within 2 min after the addition of [3H] adenine. Nuclear
      poly(A)-containing RNA is approximately 10% of the total cellular poly(A)
      containing RNA obtained from spheroplasts labeled for 15 min. Nuclear poly(A)
      containing RNA is not as large as the giant heterogeneous nuclear RNA of animal
      cells. The distribution of molecular size in nuclear and cytoplasmic populations
      of poly(A)-containing RNA is very broad with the average size of the nuclear
      species being moderately larger than the cytoplasmic species. Three distinct size
      classes of poly(A), with different apparent kinetic properties, are obtained from
      yeast poly(A)-containing RNA. Their electrophoretic mobility suggests molecular
      lengths of approximately 20, 40, and 60 nucleotides (Groner, G., Hynes, N., and
      Phillips, S. (1975) Biochemistry, 13, 5378-5383). Each of these poly(A) classes
      are present in the mRNA from large and small polyribosomes.

PMID- 1095585
TI  - The 30 S ribosomal precursor RNA from Escherichia coli.  A primary transcript
      containing 23 S, 16 S, and 5 S sequences.
AB  - The 30 S ribosomal precursor RNA has been prepared from Escherichia coli
      AB301/105 (RNase III-) labeled with 32-PO4 in the presence of chloramphenicol.
      Direct nucleotide sequence studies yield the following information. 1. The major
      5'-terminal sequence in our precursor preparations is pppA-C-U-G-. 2. Treatment
      of the precursor RNA with purified ribonuclease III in vitro releases species
      sedimenting near 23 S and 17 S, neither of which retain the pppA- end, plus a
      collection of small fragments with chain lengths of less than 400 nucleotides. 3.
      The RNase III product sedimenting near 17 S (16 SIII) appears identical with the
      17 S RNA typically isolated from pulse-labeled or chloramphenicol-treated cells
      or from several mutants deficient in ribosome assembly: fingerprint analysis
      reveals the presence of the same additional RNase T1 oligonucleotides and the 5'
      terminus (pU-G-) previously described for 17 S RNA. A 3'-terminal T1
      oligonucleotide (which was not previously identifiable in the case of the 17 S
      precursor) has been isolated from 16 S III and its sequence determined: C-U-C-A-C
      A-C-A. 4. 5 S rRNA sequences are contained in an RNase III-released fragment of
      approximately 300 nucleotides. This molecule lacks the 5' terminus of the mature
      5 S RNA. The implications of these findings with respect to the control of
      ribosomal RNA synthesis, the pathways of rRNA processing in vivo, and the
      specificity of RNase III cleavage of natural substrates are discussed.

PMID- 1095586
TI  - Stereochemical course of the adenosine triphosphate phosphoribosyltransferase
      reaction in histidine biosynthesis.
AB  - The product of the first reaction in histidine biosynthesis is shown by optical
      rotation measurements on three derivatives to have inverted, beta stereochemistry
      at the newly formed bond. This is in contrast to alpha linkage expected on the
      basis of previously observed exchange, specificity, and covalent intermediate
      phenomena. The postulate double displacement mechanism for adenosine triphosphate
      phosphoribosyltransferase must be modified to account for the product
      stereochemistry.

PMID- 1095587
TI  - Photographie Medicale--Albert Londe's 1893 book, first in the field.

PMID- 1095588
TI  - Acetabuloplasty in the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip.
AB  - The results in 102 acetabuloplasties have been assessed in eighty-six patients,
      with a minimum follow-up of five years. Clinical and radiological assessment was
      carried out according to a score system very similar to that used in previous
      studies, and the results were expressed as excellent, good, fair and poor
      according to the score obtained. Any hip requiring further stabilising procedures
      was automatically grouped as a failure. Subtrochanteric femoral ostestomy was
      used when femoral anteversion was excessive. The results revealed that 73 per
      cent of the hips were satifactory (excellent or good) overall, but that a steady
      deterioration was evident when the five- and fifteen-year groups were compared.
      Few of the hips were regarded as normal on radiological grounds. Homologous bone
      bank rib was found to be the most satisfactory graft material. Coxa magna was the
      most common abnormality that was consistent with a good or excellent result.
      Avascular necrosis of the femoral head was found in only six hips; it was more
      commonly present in patients subjected to previous operation. Concentric
      reduction of the femoral head is essential if acetabuloplasty is to maintain
      stability of the hip.

PMID- 1095589
TI  - Quadrilateral shaped brims made from high-density polyethylene for long leg
      calipers.
AB  - Quadrilateral shaped brims made of high-density polyethylene have been used with
      satisfactory results on more than 120 patients who needed ischial-bearing long
      leg calipers. At first the fitting technique was the same as that used for thigh
      amputees. Subsequently it has been possible to fit most patients from a range of
      pre-formed brims. The properties of high-density polyethylene allow the caliper
      side irons to be riveted directly to the brim which, with the use of ready-made
      brims, allows a patient to be fitted rapidly with a comfortable and effective
      caliper.

PMID- 1095590
TI  - Dillwyn Evans 1910-1974.

PMID- 1095591
TI  - Proceedings: Computer-assisted clinical orthopaedic research.

PMID- 1095592
TI  - Proceedings: Why graft bone?

PMID- 1095593
TI  - Proceedings: The role of cortical bone grafts.

PMID- 1095594
TI  - Reversible and permanent effects of the carbon sources and various antibiotics on
      the morphology and metabolic properties of Ustilago cynodontis cells.
AB  - The effects of various carbon sources and of antibiotics on the morphology of
      hypha cells of the fungus Ustilago cynodontis is described. Nonfermentable
      substrates promote readily reversible yeastlike colonies from hypha cells: all
      the hypha cells spread on these substrates give rise to yeastlike colonies that
      revert to the mycelial phenotype when transferred to glucose medium. Among the
      antibiotics tested, chloramphenicol (CAP) is found to promote, under certain
      circumstances, a long-lasting, even permanent modification on the morphology of
      the colonies: the colonies developed on CAP-glucose media are yeastlike, and a
      percentage of them give rise to colonies whose morphology remains yeastlike even
      on drug-free media: this effect is also obtained with cells cultivated in liquid
      medium. This permanent morphological modification is accompanied by a change of
      metabolic properties. Similar permanent effects are obtained with ethidium
      bromide, suggesting that mitochondrial functioning is involved in these
      modifications.

PMID- 1095595
TI  - Adhesion of cells to surfaces coated with polylysine. Applications to electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Cells of many kinds adhere firmly to glass or plastic surfaces which have been
      pretreated with polylysine. The attachment takes place as soon as the cells make
      contact with the surfaces, and the flattening of the cells against the surfaces
      is quite rapid. Cells which do not normally adhere to solid surfaces, such as sea
      urchin eggs, attach as well as cells which normally do so, such as amebas or
      mammalian cells in culture. The adhesion is interpreted simply as the interaction
      between the polyanionic cell surfaces and the polycationic layer of adsorbed
      polylysine. The attachment of cells to the polylysine-treated surfaces can be
      exploited for a variety of experimental manipulations. In the preparation of
      samples for scanning or transmission electron microscopy, the living material may
      first be attached to a polylysine-coated plate or grid, subjected to some
      experimental treatment (fertilization of an egg, for example), then transferred
      rapidly to fixative and further  passed through processing for observation; each
      step involves only the transfer of the plate or grid from one container to the
      next. The cells are not detached. The adhesion of the cell may be so firm that
      the body of the cell may be sheared away, leaving attached a patch of cell
      surface, face up, for observation of its inner aspect. For example, one may
      observe secretory vesicles on the inner face of the surface (3) or may study the
      association of filaments with the inner surface (Fig. 1). Subcellular structures
      may attach to the polylysine-coated surfaces. So far, we have found this to be
      the case for nuclei isolated from sea urchin embryos and for the microtubules of
      flagella, which are well displayed after the membrane has been disrupted by
      Triton X-100 (Fig. 2).

PMID- 1095596
TI  - Cytoplasmic activation of starfish oocytes by sperm and divalent ionophore A
      23187.
AB  - The relationship between onset of the early cytoplasmic stages of oocyte
      activation (vitelline membrane separation and elevation) and nuclear meiotic
      maturation was investigated in starfish oocytes after their exposure to divalent
      ionophore (A-23187) or sperm. Meiotically mature oocytes, isolated in calcium
      free seawater, underwent activation in response to sperm or ionophore as
      previously reported. Large, immature starfish oocytes, arrested in prophase I of
      meiosis (germinal vesicle stage), underwent vitelline membrane elevation when
      treated with divalent ionophore A-23187 or starfish sperm. Histological studies
      demonstrated that cortical granule breakdown in the oocyte cortex was associated
      with vitelline membrane elevation after these treatments. Activation of oocytes
      by sperm occurred only in response to starfish sperm. Sea urchin, sand dollar,
      surf clam, or marine worm sperm did not induce vitelline membrane elevation of
      either immature or mature starfish oocytes. Sperm- or ionophore-activated
      immature oocytes underwent nuclear maturation after addition of the meiosis
      inducing hormone, l-methyladenine; however, parthenogenetic development did not
      occur and embryonic development was markedly inhibited. In contrast to previous
      studies, the present results indicate that cytoplasmic activation can be
      initiated before and without hormone induction of the nuclear maturation process.
      Differentiation of the oocyte cell surface or cortex reactivity therefore appears
      to occur during oogenesis rather than as a consequence of maturation. The data
      further support the view that divalent ions mediate certain of the early
      activation responses initiated by sperm at the time of fertilization and that
      synchronization of fertilization to the meiotic process in the oocyte is
      important for the occurrence of normal development.

PMID- 1095597
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of lectin-binding sites on the zonae pellucidae and
      plasma membranes of mammalian eggs.
AB  - Receptors for Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCAI), concanavalin A (Con A), and
      wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) were localized on the zonae pellucidae and plasma
      membranes of hamster, mouse, and rat eggs with ferritin-lectin conjugates. Intact
      eggs labeled with the ferritin conjugates showed dense concentrations of RCAI and
      WGA receptors in the outermost regions of their zonae pellucidae and sparse
      distributions of Con A receptors throughout the zonae. Ferritin-lectin labeling
      was specific, since inhibitory saccharides effectively blocked labeling. The
      asymmetric density of RCAI receptors across the zona was confirmed by ferritin
      RCAI and fluorescein-RCAI labeling of mechanically isolated zonae pellucidae,
      indicating that the RCAI-binding sites are more densely distributed in the
      exterior zona regions. Plasma membranes of rodent eggs contained RCAI, WGA, and
      Con A receptors. These receptors were found to be more or less randomly
      distributed on surfaces of aldehyde-fixed eggs or on eggs labeled near 0 degrees
      C. However, eggs incubated at 25 degrees C showed aggregated WGA- and Con A
      binding site distributions on their plasma membranes. This indicates that lectin
      induced receptor redistribution occurs at this temperature. The possibility that
      plasma membrane receptor mobility is a requirement for sperm-egg fusion is
      discussed.

PMID- 1095598
TI  - Preparation and purification of polymerized actin from sea urchin egg extracts.
AB  - Isotonic extracts of the soluble cytoplasmic proteins of sea urchin eggs,
      containing sufficient EGTA to reduce the calcium concentration to low levels,
      form a dense gel on warming to 35-40 degrees C. Although this procedure is
      similar to that used to polymerize tubulin from mammalian brain, sodium dodecyl
      sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis shows this gel to have actin as a
      major component and to contain no tubulin. If such extracts are dialyzed against
      dilute salt solution, they no longer respond to warming, but gelation will occur
      if they are supplemented with 1 mM ATP and 0.020 M KCl before heating. Gelation
      is not temperature reversible, but the gelled material can be dissolved in 0.6-1
      M KCl and these solutions contain F-actin filaments. These filaments slowly
      aggregate to microscopic, birefringent fibrils when  1 mM ATP is added to the
      solution, and this procedure provides a simple method for preparing purified
      actin. the supernate remaining after actin removal contains the other two
      components of the gel, proteins of approximately 58,000 and 220,000 mol wt. These
      two proteins plus actin recombine to form the original gel material when the
      ionic strength is reduced. This reaction is reversible at 0 degrees C, and no
      heating is required.

PMID- 1095599
TI  - The chondriome of selected trypanosomatids. A three-dimensional study based on
      serial thick sections and high voltage electron microscopy.
AB  - The unitary nature of the chondriome of two species of trypanosomatids,
      Blastocrithidia culicis and Trypanosoma cruzi, has been demonstrated by utilizing
      serial thick-sectioning techniques combined with high voltage electron
      microscopy. Profiles of mitochondrial elements seen in thin sections and
      suspected to be parts of a continuum were confirmed by serial thick sectioning
      (0.25-0.50 mum thick) and stereopair analysis to be parts of the same
      mitochondrion. Three-dimensional models obtained from tracings of mitochondrial
      profiles on cellulose acetate reveal the mitochondrion of B. culicis to consist
      of a posterior mass with six tubular extensions extending upward and terminating
      in the anterior apex. The kinetoplast was found suspended between two of the
      tubular extensions, or less frequently, protuding as a nodule from one of the
      extensions. A bifurcation of one of the extensions was found in some specimens.
      The mitochondrion of T. cruzi consists of a triangular-shaped convoluted tubule,
      the base being the kinetoplast portion while the apex is directed posteriorly.
      The mitochondrion bifurcates behind the flagellar pocket, lateral to the
      kinetoplast, sending two entwined extensions into the tenuous anterior apex.
      Whether the mitochondrion of T. cruzi is unitary in the trypomastigote form was
      not determined in this study, since only epimastigote forms were used.

PMID- 1095600
TI  - Golgi organelle response to the antibiotic X537A.
AB  - The effects of the ionophoric antibiotic X537A on cell structure were studied
      with phase-contrast, fluorescence, and electron microscopy. X537A induced
      selective vacuolation of the Golgi apparatus of vascular and intestinal smooth
      muscle, epithelium, plasma cells, and cultured chick heart and guinea pig
      vascular smooth muscle cells. The swelling of the Golgi apparatus induced by
      X537A was reversible in the systems examined for reversibility: vascular smooth
      muscle and cultured chick heart. Myelin figures were common in the Golgi
      apparatus vacuolated by X537A. Fluorescence microscopy of cultured cells
      incubated with X537A showed the characteristic blue X537A fluorescence associated
      with lipid globules in the cultured cells. Incubation of cultured chick heart
      cells with X537A reduced the beating rate and, after 24-72 h, abolished the
      sarcomere pattern. The swelling of the Golgi membranes produced by X537A in
      cultured vascular smooth muscle was associated with inhibition of D-[6
      3H]glucosamine and [35S]sulfate incorporation into glycosaminoglycans.

PMID- 1095601
TI  - Actin-like filaments in bone cells of cultured mouse calvaria as demonstrated by
      binding to heavy meromyosin.
AB  - A variety of intracellular filaments (50-70 A in diameter) found in bone cells
      was shown to bind specifically to HMM. Because of this property, these filaments
      are probably biochemically similar to muscle actin. in osteoblasts and
      osteocytes, these reactive filaments were oriented in bundles parallel to the
      plasma membrane and filling the cell processes. In the osteoclast the filaments
      along the cell membrane were not so highly organized. In the clear zone, the
      quiescent part of the cell adjacent to the motile ruffled border, organized
      filament bundles were oriented perpendicular to the cell membrane and terminated
      in short processes at the bone surface. These filaments were also reactive with
      HMM. The possible significance of the filaments with respect to the physiology of
      bone cells is discussed.

PMID- 1095602
TI  - Centennial of dental education in Canada.

PMID- 1095603
TI  - Zinc polyacrylate cement as an alloplastic bone implant.

PMID- 1095604
TI  - Cytoplasmic induction of changes in the ultrastructure of the Acetabularia
      nucleus and perinuclear cytoplasm.
AB  - The ultrasturcture of the cell nucleus and perinuclear cytoplasm in Acetabularia
      is quite different in young and old cells. When a nucleus of an old cell was
      implanted into the cytoplasm of a young cell the nucleus assumed the morphology
      typical of a young cell within less than 10 days. The cytoplasm of an old cell
      was able to induce the reverse change in an implanted nucleus from a young cell.
      This cytoplasmic induction of nuclear ageing appeared to proceed more rapidly
      than rejuvenation.

PMID- 1095605
TI  - Proteins of the newt oocyte nucleus: analysis of the nonhistone proteins from
      lampbrush chromosomes, nucleoli and nuclear sap.
AB  - An electrophoretic analysis has been carried out on the total protein of
      lampbrush chromosomes, nucleoli and nuclear sap, obtained from newt oocyte
      nuclei. In each case, distinctive and heterogeneous banding patterns are
      observed. The absence of detectable quantities of histones in occyte chromatin is
      noted. In the case of the lampbrush chromosome preparation, it is concluded that
      all protein species are derived from the ribonucleoprotein matrix of the lateral
      loops.

PMID- 1095606
TI  - An ultrastructural study of the spermatozoid of the fern, Marsilea vestita.
AB  - The ultrastructure of the mature spermatozoid of Marsilea vestita was studied
      after its release from the microspore and prior to its penetration of the egg.
      The psermatozoid is a pear-shaped cell with a complex spiral structure coiled
      around the edge in the narrow anterior end. This coil is composed of a large
      mitochondrion, elongated nucleus with highly condensed chromatin, a ribbon of
      microtubules, and a dense band of material (flagellated band) into which the
      flagella are inserted. There are over a hundred flagella protruding from each
      spermatozoid along the length of the coil. At the anterior tip of the coil is a
      short multilayered structure. It is not known what maintains the helical shape of
      the coil. The microtubular ribbon could be involved, but it is also possible that
      either the flagellated band, the condensed chromatin, or both, are sufficiently
      rigid to retain their shpaes unaided. When the spermatozoid is first released
      from the microspore it includes a cytoplasmic vesicle in the posterior region
      containing plastids, mitochondria, and other organelles. This vesicle is shed,
      taking the nuclear envelope with it, before the spermatozoid reaches the egg.

PMID- 1095607
TI  - Studies concerning the antibiotic actinonin. Part VIII. Structure-activity
      relationships in the actinonin series.

PMID- 1095608
TI  - Analysis for carbamate insecticides and metabolites.
AB  - Of the more conventional pesticidal chemicals, the carbamate insecticides pose
      some unique problems relative to residue analysis. Most of these compounds are
      unstable under conditions normally used for GLC analysis and require special
      attention if this technique is to apply to the carbamates. Moreover, the
      carbamates are commonly metabolized to products which are toxicologically
      significant and which must be included in any analytical considerations. These
      and other problems inherent in carbamate residue methodology are discussed in
      this report along with technique currently utilized or having potential as sound
      procedures for the analyses of carbamate insecticides.

PMID- 1095609
TI  - Analysis for herbicides and metabolites.

PMID- 1095610
TI  - Analysis of chlorinated insecticides and congeners.
AB  - A review on the state-of-the-art for analysis of chlorinated insecticides and
      their congeners is presented. Tables are included that show comparisons among gas
      chromatographic systems, high speed liquid chromatographic systems and sample
      preparation methods as well as an overview on sample cleanup.

PMID- 1095611
TI  - Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
      disease.

PMID- 1095612
TI  - Cyclophosphamide suppression of established cell-mediated immunity.  Quantitative
      vs. qualitative changes in lymphocyte populations.
AB  - The characteristics of cyclophosphamide-induced suppression of established ccll
      mediated immunity were studied in guinea pigs previously senstized to tuberculin.
      Cyclophosphamide treatment for 5 days produced a dose-dependent peripheral
      lymphoctopenia and disproportionatley  greater neutrophenia which was
      particularly striking at high doses of 20 mg/kg per day(approximaetly 200 mg/kg-2
      per day). Lymphoctes remianing in the circulation of cyclophosphamide treeated
      aniamls showed a doses-dependent reduction to both in vitro proliferactive and
      macrophage migration inhibitory factor responses to tuberculin compared to
      lymphocte responses of controls. Proliferative responses to phytohemaggultinin
      and concanavalin a were not significatly suppressed. Additional studies showed
      that cyclophosphamide suppressed the porliferactive and migration inhibitroy
      factor responses to tuberculin of lymph node and splenic as well as cirulating
      lymphocte populations. These studies showed that relatively short-term
      cyclophospamide administration produced immunosuppresion by quantitative as well
      as qualitative changes in lymphocyte populations. Significant suppresion  of
      lymphocte function, howerver, was achived only with doses of cyclophoshamide
      which also produced a severe neutropenia.

PMID- 1095614
TI  - A tribute to Dr Sidney Dyke.

PMID- 1095613
TI  - A comparison of the acute effects of radiation therapy, including or excluding
      the thymus, on the lymphocyte subpopulations of cancer patients.
AB  - Radiation therapy to either mediastinum or pelvis causes a rapid decrease in
      circulating lymphocytes of both B and T types and in addition an impairment in
      the function of the remaining lyphocytes, as measured by their ability to
      proliferate in response to mitogens.  The acute depression is short-lived. 
      Substantial recovery is apparent within 3 wk after cessation of therapy; however,
      most patients show a modest, chronic depression in both numbers and functional
      capacities of circulating lymphocytes.  T cells are somewhat more sensitive than
      B cells, but both are affected.  Irradiation of the thymus per se seems to have
      little influence on the acute changes which occur, as patients receiving pelvic
      and mediastinal (including thymic) radiotherapy show a similiar degree of
      lymphopenia and depression of lymphocyte responsiveness.

PMID- 1095615
TI  - Afebrile augmentation of fibrinogen and caeruloplasmin synthesis, and
      neutrocytosis induced by Mycoplasma mycoides var. Mycoides in the rabbit.

PMID- 1095616
TI  - Histopathological changes produced by two enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia
      coli in gnotobiotic piglets.

PMID- 1095617
TI  - A comparison of Salmonella dublin infection in normal and endotoxin-tolerant
      mice.

PMID- 1095618
TI  - Pimaricin and mycostatin for retarding cottage cheese spoilage.
AB  - Two antifungal agents, pimaricin and mycostatin, added to Cottage cheese through
      the wash water at concentrations of 20, 50, or 100 mug/ml of wash water or added
      through the cheese dressing at 1, 2, or 5 mug/g retarded the growth of
      Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and improved the shelf-life of the
      cheese. In general, cheese with highest concentration of antifungal agent and
      stored at lowest temperature had best keeping quality. Pimaricin was slightly
      more effective than mycostatin in inhibiting fungi; inhibition was greater if the
      antifungal agents were added to the cheese dressing and the cheese was stored at
      low temperature; and A. niger was more sensitive to the inhibitors than S.
      Cerevisiae.

PMID- 1095619
TI  - Recent advances in the study of monovalent ions movements across the mammary
      epithelium: relation to onset of lactation.

PMID- 1095620
TI  - Formation and role of unusual whey proteins and enzymes: relation to mammary
      function.

PMID- 1095621
TI  - Chemical composition of the washed cells of Streptococcus sanguis (804) and
      Streptococcus mutans (B-14).
AB  - Washed cells of Streptococcus saguis (804) and Streptococcus mutans (B14) were
      analyzed for water, ash, protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and nucleic acid content.
      Lipids were analyzed by gas chromatography. Ash was subjected to elemental
      analysis. These data were compared with the published values for the composition
      of dental plaque.

PMID- 1095622
TI  - Histological response to ivory implanted in rabbit mandibles.
AB  - Ivory rod implants were found to be biologically unacceptable in rabbit
      mandibles. Fibrous connective-tissue capsules containing numerous multinucleated
      giant cells formed around the implants. Resorption of the ivory was also
      apparent. In addition, osteoid deposition and ankylosis at the experimental sites
      were not evident.

PMID- 1095624
TI  - APCA consultant guide/1975.

PMID- 1095623
TI  - An Escherichia coli strain for use in nitrate analysis.

PMID- 1095625
TI  - Four cases of acute acquired toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 1095626
TI  - Initial mismanagement and delay in diagnosis of oral cancer.
AB  - A study of 779 patients with epidermoid carcinoma of the oral cavity revealed
      that 115 (14.8%) had had a temporally significant initial mismanagement or delay
      in diagnosis. The responsibility for this mismanagement was shared by the
      dentist, the physician, and the patient. Earlier recognition of oral cancer by
      the physician and dentist, with earlier treatment, is essential for improving the
      generally poor five-year survival rate of this disease.

PMID- 1095627
TI  - The treatment of a severe anxiety reaction in an adolescent boy following renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 1095628
TI  - The child in renal failure. Emotional impact of treatment on the child and his
      family.

PMID- 1095629
TI  - First annual meeting of Council on Renal Nutrition.

PMID- 1095630
TI  - Evaluation of isobaric oxygenation for the aged with cognitive impairment: pilot
      study.
AB  - The effect of isobaric oxygenation on psychogeriatric subjects, with mild
      cognitive impairment was assessed in a single-blind controlled pilot study. Three
      of the 7 subjects were treated with a mixture of 97% oxygen plus 3% carbon
      dioxide, and 4 treated with compressed air. The oxygen or air was administered
      during two 1.5 hr sessions daily for fifteen consecutive days. Use of a miner's
      type mask ensured a closed system which permits the maximal partial pressure of
      oxygen. Psychologic and clinical observations did not indicate any advantage for
      the oxygenation therapy. Minimal side effects, which arose only in the oxygen
      group, may have involved some interactions between CO2 sensitivity and anxiety.
      Careful differential diagnosis and the control of motivational factors are of
      major importance in any study of the effects of oxygenation upon symptoms in
      psychogeriatric patients.

PMID- 1095631
TI  - Electroencephalographic and behavioral changes associated with papaverine
      administration in healthy geriatric subjects.
AB  - A double-blind cross-over procedure was used to evaluate the effects of
      papaverine hydrochloride on the electroencephalogram (EEG), cognition, mood and
      psychologic test performance of 10 healthy geriatric volunteers. During the two
      week period, each subject was tested four times: before and after receiving
      papaverine and before and after receiving placebo. Period analysis revealed that
      a 300-mg dose of papaverine (Pavabid Plateau Caps) increased EEG alpha activity
      (8-13 cycles per second) and decreased the beta2 range (27-40 cps). Baseline
      values for six mood factors, short-term memory, complex problem solving, and
      attention were not altered significantly by either drug or placebo. Results of
      the Subject Paced Digit Symbol Substitution Test indicated that papaverine may
      produce some improvement in simple cognitive functioning. No adverse effects were
      associated with the use of papaverine.

PMID- 1095632
TI  - Medical experimentation in the elderly.
AB  - Participation in human experimental research constitutes a major problem for the
      geriatric subject. Because there is a high incidence of noncontagious disease in
      the elderly, they are the group most useful for the study of new therapeutic
      agents or procedures. However, normal aging processes, often coupled with disease
      of the central nervous system, render elderly persons less able to comprehend the
      nature and risks of such studies. These factors permit easy exploitation of
      geriatric subjects in medical experimentation, with possible exposure to a
      significant risk of serious drug reactions and unnecessary hospitalization.
      Recent federal regulations have given "special protections" to children,
      prisoners, and the mentally infirm in experimental research, to guard against
      abuse of their human rights. A basic requirement is that informed consent be
      carefully obtained and documented. Such "special protections" should now be
      extended to geriatric subjects so that there will be no further exploitation in
      the course of valid clinical research.

PMID- 1095633
TI  - Scinticisternography.

PMID- 1095634
TI  - Skin grafting: contemporary concepts and applications.

PMID- 1095635
TI  - Osteopathic education, 1899.

PMID- 1095636
TI  - Therapeutic approaches to major postoperative infections in podiatric surgery. An
      overview.

PMID- 1095637
TI  - Suture material: a comprehensive review of the literature.

PMID- 1095638
TI  - A bibliography of doctoral dissertations on aging from American institutions of
      higher learning, 1972-1974.

PMID- 1095639
TI  - Current publications in gerontology and geriatrics.

PMID- 1095640
TI  - Old-time Ethiopian cures for syphilis, seventeenth to twentieth centuries.

PMID- 1095641
TI  - Doctor, patient, and onanist diseases in the nineteenth century.

PMID- 1095642
TI  - Osler: in quest of the gnostic grail in morbid anatomy.

PMID- 1095643
TI  - The rhetoric of medicine: Lord Herbert's and Thomas Carew's poems of green
      sickness.

PMID- 1095644
TI  - A man-midwife. Etching, hand colored, by S. W. Fores, London, 1793.

PMID- 1095645
TI  - Medical expenses and the poor in Virginia: Roger and Anne Moy indentured to John
      Stringer.

PMID- 1095646
TI  - Histochemical society symposia.

PMID- 1095647
TI  - Chromosome banding.

PMID- 1095649
TI  - Deoxyribonucleic acid fiber autoradiography as a technique for studying the
      replication of the mammalian chromosome.
AB  - Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fiber autoradiography is a technique that allows
      analysis of replication events on mammalian chromosomal DNA. 3H-thymidine is used
      to pulse-label DNA, which is subsequently released from lysed cells and extended
      linearly over a glass slide. Autoradiograms are produced by exposing the labeled
      DNA to light-sensitive emulsion. The effects of inhibition of protein synthesis
      on DNA replication were examined using this technique. Analysis of the
      autoradiographic patterns has shown that inhibition of protein synthesis with
      either cycloheximide or puromycin retards the rate of replication fork
      progression. In addition, these antibiotics after the normal pattern of
      multifocal initiation on replication units. The spatial interval between active
      initiation sites is decreased, there is a decay in synchrony of initiation events
      on subchromosomal clusters of replication units, the decay in synchrony of
      initiation events on subchromosomal clusters of replication units, the frequency
      of initiation is inhibited and the frequency of units showing the normal
      bidirectional mode of replication is decreased. The retarded fork progression and
      shorter initiation intervals may result either from the continued operation of a
      subset of replication units resistant to the inhibition of protein synthesis, or
      be manifestations of the inhibition of protein synthesis on all active sites. The
      other alterations, decreased synchrony and frequency of initiation and increased
      unidirectional replication probably occur on all active units when protein
      synthesis is inhibited.

PMID- 1095648
TI  - Replication of amplifying ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid in rolling circles in
      Xenopus laevis oocytes.

PMID- 1095650
TI  - Recent developments in the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by 33258
      Hoechst fluorescence.
AB  - A number of applications of the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by
      fluorescence microscopy are illustrated. These include (a) the analysis of sister
      chromatid exchanges and sister chromatid segregation at mitosis, (b) the location
      of chromosome regions containing deoxyribonucleic acid with an asymmetric
      distribution of thymine residues between polynucleotide chains and (c) the
      detection of late replicating regions in metaphase chromosomes. The suppression
      of 33258 Hoechst fluorescence by 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporated
      biosynthetically into interphase nuclei is demonstrated both in fixed cytologic
      preparations and in unfixed cultured cells. Many of the cytologic observations
      described might form a basis for future biochemical studies.

PMID- 1095651
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies on the structure of actin filaments in tissue culture
      cells.

PMID- 1095652
TI  - The use of heavy meromyosin binding as an ultrastructural cytochemical method for
      localizing and determining the possible functions of actin-like microfilaments in
      nonmuscle cells.

PMID- 1095653
TI  - Structure of muscle filaments from immunohistochemical and ultrastructural
      studies.

PMID- 1095654
TI  - The macrophage electrophoretic mobility test (MEM) some technical considerations.
AB  - The following parameters of the cytopherometric test system have been studied. 1.
      Temperature is less important for the production of macrophage slowing factor
      (MSF) by lymphocyte-antigen interaction than it is for the activity of MSF on
      macrophages. 2. Lymphocyte number titration curves allow discrimination between
      'weak' and 'strong' antigen responses. 3. Lymphocyte-antigen reaction reaches a
      plateau after 30 min incubation, whilst maximum MSF-macrophage reaction requires
      60 min. 4. Interaction of MSF with macrophages is sensitive to cycloheximide. 5.
      Irradiation of peritoneal exudate cells (200 rad) is essential in order to obtain
      a maximal result in the MEM test. In the 'split MEM test, 200 rad to the
      indicator peritoneal exudate cells produces a greater result, i.e. it in some way
      amplifies the macrophage response to MSF. 6. Excess of peritoneal exudate cells,
      especially when non-irradiated, suppresses the test result. This is not due to
      consumption of MSF produced. Probably macrophages rather than lymphocytes are
      responsible for the suppression.

PMID- 1095655
TI  - A method for the selection of pig lymphocytes bearing surface immunoglobulin.
AB  - Coupling of IgG anti-immunoglobulin to polystyrene bottles with carbodiimide has
      been used to bind selectively pig lymphocytes previously treated with anti
      immunoglobulin or anti-Ig class-specific fluorescent conjugates. Subsequent
      recovery of the bound cells produced populations with approximately 80% of cells
      stained for surface Ig and 90% viability.

PMID- 1095656
TI  - Quick and easy production of monolayer plaque assay slides.
AB  - A fast and easy method for the production of monolayer plaque-assay slides,
      making use of double adhesive tape, is described.

PMID- 1095657
TI  - An appreciation of our medical men of literature. II. Oliver Wendell Holmes,
      physician.

PMID- 1095658
TI  - Immunology of malignancy.

PMID- 1095659
TI  - Feeding in Rhodnius prolixus: increasing sensitivity to ATP during prolonged food
      deprivation.

PMID- 1095660
TI  - Long-term maintenance of psoriatic human skin on congenitally athymic (nude)
      mice.
AB  - Transplantation of involved psoriatic and nonpsoriatic human skin onto
      congenitally athymic (nude) mice has been performed successfully. Although
      biopsies at selected intervals demonstrate that the excess glycogen deposition
      normally seen in psoriasis is no longer consistently present, the psoriatic
      grafts did retain the usual characteristic histologic differences throughout the
      life of the animal, up to 11 weeks. This grafting procedure potentially
      represents a useful method whereby the study of psoriasis can be made in a
      nonhuman, living system.

PMID- 1095661
TI  - Mitochondria and nuclei of pig and human epidermis: isolation and lipid
      composition.
AB  - Pig and human epidermis were mechanically disrupted with a Polytron homogenizer
      and mitochondria and nuclei were isolated from homogenates in buffered sucrose
      and 2.5% citric acid solution, respectively, by differential and density-gradient
      centrifugation. Examination of the mitochondrial preparations by electron
      microscopy and the assay of several marker enzymes indicated that they consisted
      mostly of mitochondria with some microsomal contamination. The nuclear
      preparations were substantially free from contaminants as judged by particle
      counts with the aid of phase and electron microscopy. The lipid compositions of
      the mitochondria from both species were characterized by a high concentration of
      cardiolipin and low concentration of cholesterol and sphingomyelin and an absence
      of glycosphingolipids as compared with the lipid composition of the whole
      epidermal cell. The lipid compositions of the nuclei were characterized by a high
      proportion of phosphatidyl choline and an absence of glycosphingolipids. The
      neutral lipids accounted for an unusually high proportion of the total lipids
      especially in human epidermal nuclei. Although the technical difficulties in
      isolating subcellular organelles from mammalian epidermis limit the yield and
      quality of the mitochondria, these preparations as well as those of nuclei are
      superior to preparations reported previously and are pure enough for a valid
      comparison with other membrane systems of the epidermal cell.

PMID- 1095662
TI  - [Historical review of surgery of the heart and great vessels in Japan (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1095663
TI  - [Progress of the surgery of oesophageal carcinoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095664
TI  - [The history of pulmonary surgery in Japan (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095665
TI  - [Bound and free ribosomes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095666
TI  - [Fluidity and functions of biological membranes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095668
TI  - The application of trace element analysis by X-ray fluorescence to human blood
      serum.
AB  - The need for a simple, yet fast and accurate method for trace element analysis of
      human tissues is remarded on. Such a method is the use of x-ray fluorescence in
      conjunction with one of the new generation of solid-state x-ray detectors. The
      method is described, together with an example of its application-apilot study of
      forty-two blood serum samples supplied by the Manitoba Cancer Research Institute.

PMID- 1095667
TI  - [Thyroid peroxidase. Its properties and physiological role (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095669
TI  - Measurement of redox potential changes in anaerobic culture media caused by
      addition of blood.
AB  - A method has been described whereby the redox potential of unsealed and
      manipulated samples of solution can be determined. This method includes treating
      the platinum electrode with strong cleaning solution, adjusting the electrode
      with a culture of Proteus vulgaris in tryptic soy broth, and doing all
      manipulations inside a glove box that is continuously flushed with oxygen-free
      gas. This study has shown that prereduced media are much more reduced than media
      which have been dispensed only under a partial vacuum. It also has shown that
      addition of blood to prereduced medium does not eliminate the strongly reducing
      condition of the medium although there is a slight rise in redox potential.

PMID- 1095670
TI  - Cellular immunity to intrinsic factor in pernicious anemia.
AB  - Cellular immunity to hog intrinsic factor was detected by a modified agarose
      leukocyte migration test in 18 patients with pernicious amemia. Lymphocytes from
      17 out of 18 patients with pernicious anemia gave positive responses  to a
      concentrate of hog intrinsic factor; the intrinsic factor present in 1 mg. of
      this concentrate bound 128 ng. of vatamin B12. Six patients with atrophic
      gastritis, 7 with regional enteritis, and 9 out of 10 healthy adults did not
      respond to this preparation. No correlation existed between the presence of serum
      autoantibodies to intrinsic factor and in vitro lymphocyte responsiveness to
      intrinsic factor. The results demonstrate that cellular immunity to intrinsic
      factor concentrates is present in the majority of patients with pernicious
      anemia.

PMID- 1095671
TI  - Results of 310 cases of rapid maxillary expansion selected for medical reasons.
AB  - 1. Rapid Maxillary Expansion is a comparatively simple, conservative method of
      treating impaired nasal respiration. 2. It can be used from 4 years to 25 or 30
      years of age, but the younger the patient the better the long term results. 3.
      The medical indications are a combination of poor nasal airway, septal deformity,
      recurrent ear or nasal infection, allergic rhinitis and asthma, and prior to
      septoplasty. 4. The dental indications are mainly unilateral or bilateral cross
      bite, class III (prognathoid) malocclusion, maxillary compression, and cleft
      palate. 5. The dental contra-indications are normal occlusion in the permanent
      dentition and to a lesser degree severe class II occlusion and micromandible. 6.
      In selected cases, it produces a change of over 80 percent from mouth to nose
      breathing. In this series of 310 consecutive cases 87 percent were greatly
      improved, 9 percent had a fair result and 4 percent a poor result. 7. It also
      gives considerable improvement in colds and respiratory infection, nasal allergy
      and many cases of asthma. The improvement in health and confidence and
      concentration in over 30 percent of cases is particularly pleasing. 8. The
      rationale of Rapid Maxillary Expansion can be explained by the maxillary moulding
      theory of production of septal and facial deformities.

PMID- 1095672
TI  - Primary amyloidosis of the trachea.
AB  - A case of primary amyloidosis of the trachea in a 40-year-old female is
      described. It appeared clinically as a tumour-like lesion in the trachea. The
      specificity of amyloid deposits was confirmed by a positive reaction to Congo red
      stained sections viewed under polarised light and Thioflavine--T stained section
      showing characteristic fluorescence. Excision of the lesion with a split
      thickness graft was the mode of treatment.

PMID- 1095674
TI  - Letter: Old story, new twist.

PMID- 1095673
TI  - Editorial: Commonwealth v. Edelin.

PMID- 1095675
TI  - The view from HEW on federal involvement in the malpractice situation.

PMID- 1095676
TI  - The clinical use of potassium supplements.

PMID- 1095677
TI  - An alternate method for calculating an odds ratio.
AB  - Methodological problems involved in the use of the standard Woolf-Haldane
      analysis of epidemiological retrospective studies are examined and an alternate
      method of analysis is proposed. This alternate method involves a population
      constructed to match the cases in numerical size and to match the controls in
      proportion of exposures. This method allows for finer subclassification of the
      data and provides a meaningful summary estimate of the relative risk. The
      proposed method is contrasted with the Woolf-Haldane method in the analysis of
      the relative risk of exposure to sick pet bird versus no pet bird for adult
      leukemia cases versus controls. Data is from the Tri-State Leukemia Survey.
      Mathematical considerations involved are contained in the appendices.

PMID- 1095678
TI  - The impedance machine: a new bedside coagulation recording device.
AB  - A new continuously recording bedside coagulation screening device is described.
      The instrument, called an empedance machine, functions by measuring the changing
      mechanical impedance exerted on a minutely vibrating probe by the progressing
      fibrin formation of the specimen to be analyzed. The impedance machine works with
      0.04-0.4 ml both of whole blood or plasma. During the recordings, the clotting
      process can be observed in the specimens which are transilluminated. The rugged
      machine is extremely simple to handle. The two parts which come in contact with
      blood are disposable. Various examples (recordings) for clinical and experimental
      applicaton are given and discussed.

PMID- 1095679
TI  - Obituary. Tracy Irvin Storer (1889-1973)--an appreciation.

PMID- 1095680
TI  - Termination of aquired and natural immunological tolerance with specific
      complexes.
AB  - It was possible to terminate the induced unresponsive state to bovine serum
      albumin (BSA) and the natural unresponsive state to autologous thyroglobulin in
      rabbits (RTg) by immunization with complexes composed of heterologous cross
      reacting antibody and the tolerated antigens. The unresponsive state was
      terminated in rabbits made unresponsive by neonatal injections of BSA and then 3
      mo later injected with complexes composed of BSA and guinea pig antihuman serum
      albumin. This termination was manifested by the presence of anti-BSA plaque
      forming cells. Similarly, the natural unresponsive state was terminated in adult
      rabbits injected with complexes between RTg and guinea pig antibovine
      thyroglobulin (BTg) in that thyroid lesions and circulating anti-RTg were
      produced. The results can be best explained by the presence of unresponsive T
      cells and competent B cells, where the guinea pig gamma globulin (antibody)
      activates T cells specific for the guinea pig gamma globulin portion of the
      complexes and thus permits stimulation of B cells competent to the exposed
      determinants of the tolerated (BSA or RTg) portion of the complexes. The detailed
      mechanism for the activation of B cells in tolerant animals is discussed.

PMID- 1095682
TI  - Studies on cell differentiation: inducing capacity of sulfhydryl-containing amino
      acids on post-nodal pieces of chick blastoderms.
AB  - The inducing capacity of sulfhydryl (SH)-containing amino acids (cysteine and
      glutathione) on post-nodal pieces (PNPs) of stage 4 chick blastoderms was
      investigated. PNPs were treated for different lengths of time with chick Ringer's
      solution (control group) or chick Ringer's solution containing cysteine or
      glutathione, followed by culturing for 2-10 days on Spratt-Haas agar medium or on
      the chorioallantoic membrane of 8-day chick embryos. Control PNPs rarely showed
      differentiation, but those treated with the amino acids for six hours or longer
      developed structures such as neural tissue, notochord, somite mesoderm, and
      nephric tubules. The pulsatile tissue was only seen in the PNPs cultured for four
      days or longer. Two-four hours of treatment was too short to provoke induction in
      a statistically significant number of PNPs. The highest frequency of induction
      was noted in those pretreated with glutathione (8 mug/ml) for eight hours,
      followed by culturing for four days. The magnitude of the inducing capacity and
      toxicity of the amino acids were concentration dependent: a deleterious effect
      was observed at 14 mug/ml; the highest frequency of induction occurred at 8
      mug/ml, but the frequency decreased as the concentration decreased; at 2 mug/ml
      all PNPs remained viable, but only a few (9-14%) showed differentiation. The
      inducing capacity of the amino acids was counteracted by equimolar concentrations
      of rho-chloromercuribenzoic acid or omega-chloroacetophenone. The effects of
      glutathione (8 mug/ml) differed from those of Hensen's node grafts in that the
      former caused sublethal cytolysis and inhibited H-3-uridine uptake in competent
      ectodermal cells during the first 18 hours of cultivation.

PMID- 1095681
TI  - The lipoprotein of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli: a B-lymphocyte
      mitogen.
AB  - The lipoprotein of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli is a B-cell mitogen in
      mice.  Polyclonal activation of B lymphocytes was measured by an increase in
      thymidine uptake, by the development of plaque-forming cells against densely
      coupled trinitrophenylated sheep red cells, and by selectively increased rates of
      synthesis and secretion of leucine-labeled IgM. Murein-free and muropeptides
      containing lipoprotein are effective in B-cell activation, while free murein is
      inactive.  Removal of ester-linked fatty acids from the amino-terminal end of the
      lipoprotein by alkaline hydrolysis abolishes the mitogenicity of the lipoprotein.
      B lymphocytes from high responder (C3H/Tif and BALB/c nu/nu) or from low
      responder (C3H/HeJ) mice to the mitogen lipopolysaccharide (LPS) both respond
      well to the lipoprotein.  Anti-immunoglobulin antibodies inhibit the mitogenic
      stimulation of B cells by lipoprotein.  A complex of structures including the Ig
      receptor molecules, the LPS receptor, and the lipoprotein receptor appear
      involved in the regulation of mitogenic stimulation of B cells to proliferation
      and differentiation to IgM-secreting cells.

PMID- 1095683
TI  - Restriction of DNA in Yersinia enterocolitica detected by recipient ability for a
      derepressed R factor from Escherichia coli.
AB  - A derepressed R factor, RY2drd2, was transferred at a frequency of 5x10minus 3
      between two strains of Yersinia enterocolitica mated on a membrane. Under the
      same conditions transfer of this R factor from Escherichia coli to Y.
      enterocolitica was observed at a frequency of only 7-7x10minus 6. This frequency
      was greatly increased when the recipient strain was heat-treated before mating.
      Heat exposure for optimum fertility was 50 to 52 degrees C for a period of 2 to 3
      min. Mutants of Y. enterocolitica were isolated which were infected by RY2drd2
      from E. coli or from Y. enterocolitica at the same frequency. These observations
      strongly suggest that a DNA restriction and modification system in Y.
      enterocolitica causes its low recipient ability for plasmids from other species.

PMID- 1095684
TI  - R factors from Proteus mirabilis and P. vulgaris.
AB  - Eighty-nine R factors were transmitted by conjugation to Escherichia coli K12
      from isolates of Proteus hauseri (P. mirabilis  plus P vulgaris). More than half
      were non-selftranmissible. The remainder included plasmids assigned to the
      previously defined groups FII,A-C complex, J, N and P, as well as some not
      belonging to any knwon compatibility groups. R factors from strains isolated in
      India, Thailand and Japan carried plasmids whose inheritance was extremely
      unstable in E. coli K12. All belonged to a new compatibility group, V.

PMID- 1095685
TI  - Construction and phenotypes of double sporulation deficient mutants in
      Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).
AB  - In whiA, B, G and H mutants of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2), aerial hyphae
      develop but sporulation speta are not formed. Septa are produced by whiI mutants
      but are spaced abnormally far apart. Mutants in each locus have a distinctive
      aerial mycelium morphology, except for whiA and B mutants which are closely
      similar. Seven strains were made with pairwise combinations of whiA and B
      mutations with whiG, H and I mutations and with each other. The genotypes of
      these strains were confirmed by suitable crosses and their aerial mycelium
      morphology examined. An indirect procedure was used to determine the aerial
      mycelium morphology of whiGH, GI and HI double mutants. The double mutants always
      closely resembled one of the single mutant parent strains in morphology and a
      consistent scheme of epistasis was obtained--whiG being epistatic to whiH, A, B
      and I; whiH to whiA, B and I; and whiA or B to whiI. These results point to the
      absence of any complex interactions between gene products, which might have been
      revealed by the occurrence of novel phenotypes in double mutants or by
      inconsistencies in the epistasis scheme.

PMID- 1095686
TI  - Polyene sensitivity during germination of conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AB  - A system for the rapid and relatively synchromous germination of conidia from a
      clinical isolate of Aspergillus fumigatus is described. The polyene-mediated
      release of K plus from germinating conidia has been determined. Ungerminated
      conidia were insensitive to amphotericin B methyl ester (AME) at concentrations
      greater than 50 mug/ml, but rapidly became sensitive to 1 to 2 mug AME/ml during
      the intitial stages of germination. These findings have been correlated with
      minimum inhibitory concentration values obtained in studies of conidial
      germination and hyphal outgrowth using a variety of growth tests.

PMID- 1095687
TI  - Existence of a simple configuration in the wall surface of Nocardia mycelium.

PMID- 1095688
TI  - Kinnier Wilson's notes of conversations with Hughlings Jackson.

PMID- 1095690
TI  - Proceedings: Computer mapping of human subcortical sensory pathways during
      stereotaxis.

PMID- 1095689
TI  - Metoclopramide and pimozide in Parkinson's disease and levodopa-induced
      dyskinesias.
AB  - Metoclopramide is an antiemetic drug which occasionally produced acute dystonic
      reactions. Although known to interfere with central dopamine mechanisms, it is
      frequently used in Parkinson's disease to prevent levodopa-induced nausea and
      vomiting. In this study metoclopramide did not increase Parkinsonism or reduce
      levodopa-induced involuntary movements in patients with Parkinson's disease.
      Pimozide, by contrast, increased Parkinsonism and reduced involuntary movements.
      The capacity of metoclopramide to produce acute dyskinesias while being
      apparently free of Parkinsonism effects is pharmacologically unique and
      differentiates this drug from the phenothiazines and butyrophenones.

PMID- 1095691
TI  - Obituary, Brain Baxter Turner (1926-1974).

PMID- 1095692
TI  - Henry L. Heyl, 1906-1975.

PMID- 1095693
TI  - Cerebrospinal fluid formation in ventricles and spinal subarachnoid space of the
      rhesus monkey.
AB  - The authors perfused rhesus monkeys from lateral ventricles to lumbar sac with an
      artificial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) containing a Blue Dextran 2000 marker.
      Analysis of marker dilution at steady state showed ventricular CSF formation
      occurring at a rate of 28.3 plus or minus mu1/min. No significant CSF formation
      was found in the spinal subarachnoid space.

PMID- 1095694
TI  - Vasodilator system for the face.
AB  - The authors describe investigations in cats to delineate a vasodilator system to
      the face, which they undertook after a previous study showed that radiofrequency
      coagulation of the trigeminal ganglion produced a pronounced flush in the skin of
      the corresponding division. Results demonstrate a vasodilator system emerging
      from the brain stem with the facial nerve which, by way of the greater
      superficial petrosal nerve, reaches the trigeminal ganglion. There the fibers are
      distributed to each of the divisions of the fifth nerve; in addition, a moderate
      number of vasodilator fibers also appear to leave the brain stem directly with
      the trigeminal nerve. Vasodilator fibers also appear to leave the brain stem
      directly with the trigeminal nerve. Vasodilator effects were elicited by
      stereotaxic  stimulation of the facial and trigeminal nuclei in the brain stem.
      There is, therefore, a dual vasomotor control of the facial cutaneous vascular
      bed; the classical sympathetic vasoconstrictor system of the face is complemented
      by a vasodilator system capable of producing changes of equal but opposite
      amplitude in vessel caliber.

PMID- 1095695
TI  - Vernix caseosa meningitis and laryngeal stridor in an infant with
      myelomeningocele. Case report.
AB  - The authors present the case of an infant with laryngeal stridor, apneic spells,
      and an open lumbar myelomeningocele; granulomatous vernix caseosa meningitis was
      found at autopsy. The suggest that chemical meningitis which also involved the
      cranial nerves might be held partly responsible for the laryngeal stridor.

PMID- 1095696
TI  - Method for measuring brain tissue pressure. Response to alteration in pCO-2
      systemic blood pressure, and middle cerebral artery occlusion.
AB  - The authors report a method for measuring total local brain tissue pressure (BTP)
      using a miniature catheter transducer stereotaxically introduced into the white
      matter of the cat's cerebrum. Quantitative rapid phasic pressure changes were
      satisfactorily demonstrated. Due to some drift of baseline of the transducers and
      inability to perform in vivo calibration, reliable long-term quantitative
      pressure measurements sometimes could not be studied. The BTP from each cerebral
      hemisphere and the cisternal pressure (CP) were monitored during alterations of
      pCO-2 and systemic blood pressure, and distilled H20 injection prior to and after
      right middle cerebral artery (MCA) ligation. The catheter transducers functioned
      well on chronic implantation for up to 6 weeks. Compared to the chronically
      implanted catheters, acutely implanted catheters responded identically except for
      drift. The response of intracranial pressure and CP to MCA occlusion, alterations
      in pCO2, and systemic blood pressure were similar. No BTP gradients appeared in
      response to MCA ligation, hypercapnia, hypertension, or progressive swelling of
      the resulting infarction.

PMID- 1095697
TI  - Single injection versus constant infusion technique in tracer studies.

PMID- 1095698
TI  - [Understanding children's painting].

PMID- 1095699
TI  - Accumulation of gold in various organs of mice injected with gold thioglucose.
AB  - The response of either male or female mice to the administration of gold
      thioglucose (GTG) was observed in food intake, in body and organ weights, and in
      gold accumulation in respective organs. Male mice were more sensitive to GTG
      toxicity than females. During 103 days after GTG administration, the adipose
      tissues of the females and males increased in weight 15 times and 2.5 times as
      high as those of control mice, respectively. The weights of heart, lung, and
      brain were not affected by GTG administration. In the respective organs, gold
      concentrations, which were determined by neutron activation analysis, were high
      in liver, kidney, spleen, adrenal, and adipose tissue (especially in female)
      within a shorter time after the GTG injection. In various organs of nonobese
      mice, the concentrations of GTG were significantly less than those in the typical
      obese mice. Even after more than 100 days after injection, gold was detected in
      the respective organs. In the control mice without any GTG administration, no
      gold could be detected.

PMID- 1095700
TI  - Color essays.
AB  - Webster's New Collegiate Dictionary defines "essay" first as "an effort to do
      something; attempt; trial." Only second it is defined as "a literary composition,
      analytical or interpretative, dealing with its subject from a more or less
      limited or personal standpoint." This article is an essay (second meaning) about
      a few essays (first meaning) that have been made to understand color. Genesis,
      Aristotle, Plato, Newton, Palmer, Young, Helmholtz, Maxwell and Frederic Ives are
      represented.

PMID- 1095701
TI  - The influence of Robert Burton and Clifford Whittingham Beers on the development
      of psychiatry.

PMID- 1095702
TI  - Viral hepatitis and the dental treatment of renal dialysis and kidney transplant
      patients.

PMID- 1095703
TI  - A comparative study of three etching solutions: effects on enamel surface and
      adhesive-enamel interface.
AB  - The chemical treatment of enamel surfaces is an approach in obtaining increased
      bonding of dental materials to tooth srufaces. Three etching solutions commonly
      used at present are 50% H3PO4, 50% H3PO4 attenuated with 7% zinc oxide and 50%
      citric acid. The effects of these three conditioning solutions on normal and
      polished enamel surfaces and on the interfaces between untreated enamel and
      etched enamel surfaces were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The variable
      etching pattern observed with each of the acids made a comparative study
      difficult. This was further complicated by the dependence of the etching action
      on prism orientation on polished enamel surfaces. Additional factors that have to
      be considered are the presence of prismles enamel and perikymata. Surface profile
      recordings of polished and acid-etched polished enamel surfaces provided some
      quantitative measure of the etching action of the conditioning solutions. The 50%
      citric acid solution had the mildest etching action while 50% H3PO4 and 50% H3PO4
      attentuated with 7% zinc oxide elicited comparable responses.

PMID- 1095704
TI  - Polymethylmethacrylate as a denture base material in service.
AB  - Assessments of the practical deficiencies of polymethylmethacrylate in service
      have been carried out by several workers. Some of these studies and one further
      one have been compared so as to seek any common factors, especially those
      concerned with the age of the appliance at failure. Times of vulnerability for
      different types of dentures have been demonstrated, and the scope for time-based
      studies in the laboratory and in service has been discussed.

PMID- 1095705
TI  - Functional analysis of fixed bridges on abutment teeth with reduced periodontal
      support.
AB  - The present study examines the function of fixed bridges on abutment teeth with
      reduced but non-inflamed periodontal tissues. Eighteen patients with advanced
      periodontal breakdown and indication for oral rehabilitation received periodontol
      treatment and their dentitions were restored with fixed bridgework. The analysis
      of function performed 2-5 years after insertion of the reconstructions was made
      by (1) evaluation of the patients' opinion on chewing ability and function of the
      masticatory system; (2) clinical examination of the border movements of the
      mandible, the status of the temporomandivular joints and the chewing muscles, and
      (3) measurements of the bite force indifferent areas of the dentition. The
      results of the study show that the functional capacity of the type of extensive
      bridgework discussed is good and that the patients--in spite of severe loss of
      periodontal tissue--achieve bite force values that are almost comparable to those
      in individuals with natural teeth. Comparison of the function of fixed bridges
      and that of removable dentures is also discussed.

PMID- 1095706
TI  - Adaptation of silicate and Adaptic to the margins of cavities. A scanning
      electron microscope study.
AB  - The effects of etching of the enamel, on the adaptation of silicate and Adaptic
      to the cavity walls was examined with the scanning electron microscope. Replica
      methods were utilized to ensure that no shrinkage of the filling materials was
      caused by the vacuum in the instrument. It was shown that following etching of
      the cavity margins, Adaptic adhered to the enamel with absent, or minimal,
      fissure formation on one side of the filling, and some on the opposite side. The
      adaptation of silicate to the margins of the cavities was not improved by
      etching.

PMID- 1095707
TI  - Changes of cheek pressure during swallowing following expansion of the maxillary
      dental arch in repaired cleft palates.
AB  - Cheek pressure during swallowing was measured on six operated complete cleft lip
      and palate cases (4-8 years of age) before and after expansion of buccal segments
      of maxillary arch. As control, seven non-cleft subjects with acceptable occlusion
      of the same age level were used. Before expansion, the pressures in the cleft
      cases were much higher than the controls. Immediately after expansion, increase
      in pressure was observed in cases which received rapid expansion. However, a few
      months after expansion, most cases showed a decrease in pressure. This is
      explained as being due to the adaptation of the perioral musculature to the
      expanded dental arch and/or the disappearance of hyperactivity of the perioral
      musculature during swallowing.

PMID- 1095709
TI  - The maxillary "pocket inlay" vestibuloplasty.

PMID- 1095708
TI  - Chalmers J. Lyons memorial lecture: Metal implants and the mandibular staple bone
      plate.
AB  - To briefly summarize our results, two of the five three-pin staples (40%) have
      survived and have functioned well for more than six years. Four of the five four
      pin staples (80%) have survived five years or longer and are functioning well.
      Twenty-four of the 25 seven-pin staples (96%) are functioning well, some for a
      period of 4-1/2 years; a few in this group have been used a little less than a
      year. Our total percentage of survival with good function is 30 of 35, or 86%,
      which includes our pilot study of the three- and four-pin staples. A more
      significant statistic, however, might be those patients with staples who we feel
      have been free of any significant trouble; these are 27 of 35, or 77%. All of our
      patients have been subjected to peer review examination and grading by members of
      the oral surgery staff at Sinai Hospital. They were examined and graded according
      to three criteria. The first was clinical appearance which included firmness of
      the staple and clinical appearance of the gingiva (Fig 16). The second was
      radiographic evidence of bone loss along the transosteal pins and retentive pins
      (Fig 17). The third category was patient evaluation of improved function and
      stability of the lower denture (Fig 18). The peer review group used marks A, B,
      C, D, as excellent, good, fair, and failure. Four points were assigned to A, 3
      points to B, 2 points to C, and 1 point to D, so that the grade averages for all
      three categories were as follows: clinical appearance, 3.6; radiographic
      appearance, 3.5; and patient evaluation, 3.9. The conclusion of the review group
      was that the mandibular staple was functioning well and that it was clinically
      useful. I have presented an overview of some of the characteristics of metallic
      implants that make them implantable devices, and some of the qualities of the
      host tissues that will allow placement of foreign material. We do not yet
      understand all of the factors that make alloplastic materials biocompatible or
      some of the reasons for rejection by the host. We need continued research in
      animal models to study new devices and new materials that might permit biologic
      attachments of the host to implant. We also need controlled clinical studies with
      peer review to establish reliability of those devices that are clinically useful.
      The mandibular staple has had an initial clinical trial that seems very promising
      and is worthy of continued clinical study and clinical application.

PMID- 1095710
TI  - [Reconstruction of the oral cavity after extirpation of the malignant tumor of
      the oral floor and the mandible (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095711
TI  - Split portal flow in heterotopic hepatic transplantation.
AB  - Heterotopic hepatic transplantation was carried out in 31 pigs using three
      different methods of homograft revascularization. In one experimental group the
      host portal inflow was split between the homograft and native liver so that the
      graft was provided with intestinal-pancreatic effluent; the host liver with
      gastric-splenic venous blood. The liver grafts flourished in this environment. A
      small and variable degree of atrophy took place in the host liver. In the other
      two experimental groups in which the grafts were supplied with different kinds of
      systemic inflow only, atrophy invariably followed. Long-term homograft analysis
      was prevented by the intensity of immunologic rejection regardless of the
      location of the ectopic liver. The implications for clinical auxiliary liver
      transplantation are (1) heterotopic liver homografts must be supplied with a
      portal inflow from the host splanchnic bed, but (2) the total host splanchnic
      effluent is unnecessary. (3) The portal inflow must contain the pancreatic venous
      blood. (4) There is a criticial recipient--donor size relationship for successful
      portal revascularization in this type of auxiliary hepatic graft.

PMID- 1095713
TI  - The validity of the Wallach-Kogan creativity operations for inner-city children
      in two areas of visual art.

PMID- 1095712
TI  - Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in the premature infant with
      respiratory distress.
AB  - During the period from February, 1971 to February, 1973, 30 premature infants
      underwent surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus. The gestational ages
      ranged from 25 to 36 wk (mean 30), and the birth weights ranged from 760 to 2010
      g (mean 1274). The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of the
      indications for assisted ventilation. Group I consisted of 21 patients with
      severe hylanine membrane disease who required assisted ventilation during the
      first 2 days of life and could not be weaned off the respiratory by 10 days of
      age. Group II was composed of nine infants who required intermittent positive
      pressure breathing after a mean age of 8 days because of repeated apneic spells
      secondary to uncontrollable heart failure. All infants in Group II survived the
      operation and left the hospital well. Fourteen of the 21 patients in Group I
      survived; the seven deaths were all due to underlying severe pulmonary disease
      (bronchopulmonary dysplasia). The value of PDA ligation in premature infants with
      uncontrollable heart failure is demonstrated in this study; this procedure also
      appears to be beneficial in neonates with severe respiratory distress syndrome.

PMID- 1095714
TI  - The effects of antiepileptic drugs on estrogen-induced electrographic spike-wave
      discharge.
AB  - In locally anesthetized, paralyzed cats with bilateral conjugated estrogen (CE)
      induced foci in sensory motor cortex, electrographic activity was characterized
      by 2 to 3 Hz spike and slow wave discharge. Commonly used anti-petit mal drugs
      (esthosuximide, trimethadione, acetazolamide and diazepam) all reduced CE-induced
      spike wave activity while diphenylhydantoin converted such activity into 9 to 12
      Hz polyspike bursts separated by periods of interictal silence. Correlation
      appears to exist, therefore, between the ability of the drug to reduce CE-induced
      spike wave activity and its clinical utility in petit mal epilepsy. In addition
      to the above compounds, five drugs of less proven utility were evaluated. Of
      these, two benzodiazepine derivatives (clonazepam and clorazepate) were found to
      exert a potent and prolonged depressant action on CE-induced activity. The
      relation of CE to clinical petit mal epilepsy and the potential usefulness of CE
      as a laboratory model for the evaluation of anti-petit mal drugs are discussed.

PMID- 1095715
TI  - The influence of aortic baroreceptors on venous tone in the perfused hind limb of
      the dog.
AB  - 1. The aortic arch and both carotid sinuses were vascularly isolated and
      perfused. A hind limb was vascularly isolated and blood was pumped at constant
      flows into the femoral artery and the central end of a superficial metatarsal
      vein. 2. Large increases in aortic arch pressure resulted in decreases in
      arterial blood pressure, heart rate and femoral arterial perfusion pressure. The
      average response of the vein was a decrease of 11% in the pressure gradient
      between the perfused vein and the femoral vein. Similar responses were obtained
      when carotid sinus pressure was increased. 3. Crushing or cooling the lumbar
      sympathetic trunk caused responsed similar to those induced by increasing
      baroreceptor perfusion pressure. Stimulation at 1 HZ resulted in venous responses
      four times as great as the average reflex response, whereas frequencies of 2-5 Hz
      were required to produce changes in arterial resistance as great as those induced
      reflexly. 4. These experiments indicate, that although the large superficial
      veins of the dog's hind limb participate in the baroreceptor reflexes, the
      activities in the nerves supplying arterioles and veins must have been different.

PMID- 1095716
TI  - Recording from nerve cells or muscle grown in tissue culture.

PMID- 1095717
TI  - Periodontal mechanoreceptor representation in the mesencephalic nucleus of the
      cat.

PMID- 1095719
TI  - Computer card histoquantitation.

PMID- 1095718
TI  - Alterations in secretory patterns following antrectomy in rats with Pavlov
      pouches.
AB  - 1. In conscious rats provided with Pavlov pouches, with the antrum retained or
      resected,the gastric secretory response to various stimuli has been studied. Each
      acid secretory response was related to that obtained with maximal doses of
      methacholine and histamine in combination, presumed to reflect the maximal
      secretory capacity of the mucosa. 2. Three weeks after the operation, the maximal
      acid secretory capacity was 60 percent lower in the antrectomized than in the
      intact Pavlov pouch rats; the difference was still larger at 6 weeks and 3-5
      months, owing to a gradual increase in the rats with the antrum retained. 3.
      Antrectomy reduced interdigestive secretion of acid to the same degree as the
      concomitant reduction in maximal secretory capacity. 4. Acid secretion in
      response to a maximal infusion of pentagastrin was reduced by about 50 percent at
      3 and about 65 percent at 6 weeks after antrectomy. No significant difference
      was, however, noted between the antrectomized and intact rats when the responses
      were related to the maximal secretory capacity. The dose response curve to
      pentagastrin revealed a redcued responsiveness to submaximal doses of this agent
      following antrectomy. 5. The maximal acid secretory response to histamine was
      reduced after antrectomy, although the sensitivity to submaximal infusions of
      histamine appeared to be increased. 6. The mean secretroy output to 2-deoxy-D
      glucose was reduced by about 65 percent and that to food by about 85 percent
      following antrectomy. 7. After antrectomy a background infusion of pentagastrin
      enhanced the secretory responses to 2-deoxy-D-glucose and to food but did not
      restore the responses to the levels in the intact rats. The feeding responses as
      related to the maximal secretory capacity were, however, similar in the two
      groups on infusing pentagastrin in the antrectomized rats. 8. Interdigestive
      secretion of pepsin was reduced by about 60 percent after antrectomy, while the
      peak response to 2-deoxy-Dglucose was about twice the interdigestive level in
      both groups. Pepsin secretion in response to food showed an increased secretion
      above the interdigestive level of longer duration in the antrectomized than in
      the intact Pavlov pouch rats. 9. The irreversibily reduced responsiveness of the
      gastric mucosa after antrectomy is discussed in relation to known morphological
      and biochemical changes.

PMID- 1095721
TI  - Pancreatic islet cells: electrogenic and electrodiffusional control of membrane
      potential.
AB  - 1. Responses of the membrane electrical characteristics of mouse pancreatic islet
      cells to ionic environmental changes have been used to assess the role of [Na]0
      and [K]0 in the control of membrane potential, i.e. by electrodiffusion or via an
      electrogenic sodium pump. Islet cell electrical properties were measured in vitro
      with intracellular glass micro-electrodes. 2. Substitution of LiCl for
      extracellular NaCl did not change the islet cell membrane potential significantly
      in low (2.8 mM) glucose solutions, but readmission of NaCl caused a transient
      hyperpolarization (membrane potential maximum: -70 mV) in high glucose; when
      choline chloride was substituted for NaCl no hyperpolarization was observed on
      NaCl re-admission. 3. Superfusion with K-free solution gave no marked change in
      membrane potential during 30 min incubation in either low (2-8 mM) or high (28
      mM) glucose concentrations but longer periods of exposure to K-free solutions
      caused progressive depolarization. 4. Readmission of K+ induced a transient
      hyperpolarization of up to 30 mV magnitude and 10 min duration in the presence of
      high (28 mM) but not low glucose (2-8 mM) concentrations. At the level of maximum
      hyperpolarization the membrane potential reached -60 mV, the electrical activity
      induced by the high glucose concentration being concurrently completely blocked.
      Replacement of [Cl]0 by isethionate accentuated these effects. 5. Ouabain, 10(-3)
      M, or a decrease in temperature from 37 to 7 degrees C depolarized the islet
      cells and blocked the transient hyperpolarization induced by readmission of K+.
      6. Diphenylhydantoin, 1-5 times 10(-4) M, caused a significant hyperpolarization
      of the islet cells in low glucose (2-8 mM) and inhibited the electrical activity
      induced by high glucose (28 mM) or tolbutamide (0-7 mM). 7. It is concluded from
      these results that both an electrogenic and ionic component contribute to the
      membrane potential of the mouse pancreatic islet cell although electrodiffusional
      control normally predominates; acceleration of the Na-K exchange pump by
      diphenylhydantoin inhibits glucose-induced electrical activity. These findings
      are discussed in relation to the permeability characteristics of the islet cell
      membrane and the mechanism of insulin release.

PMID- 1095720
TI  - Electrical characteristics of pancreatic islet cells.
AB  - 1. The electrical properties of mouse pancreatic islet cells have been explored
      in vitro using a single intracellular micro-electrode for both voltage recording
      and current injection. 2. The frequency of spontaneous electrical activity
      induced in islet cells by concentrations of D-glucose greater than 2-8 mM was
      enhanced by depolarizing, and reduced by hyperpolarizing, current injection. 
      Post-stimulus inhibition and facilitation were also observed. 3. Intracellular
      current injection evoked a spike potential in Krebs solution containing a low D
      glucose concentration (2-8mM), and in glucose-free, but not Ca-free solution. 
      Evoked spikes were observed in approximately 10% of the cell population impaled.
      4. The relationship between the rate of rise of an evoked spike and membrane
      potential displacement by intracellular current injection a sigmoid curve
      suggesting the presence of an inactivation process in spike potential genesis. 5.
      High [K]o, 30-50mM, induced electrical activity rarely, and then only
      transiently, thereafter blocking it; conditioning hyperpolarizing current tended
      to restore spike activity. 6. D-600, 5 times 10-minus 5M, blocked the electrical
      activity induced by D-glucose, tolbutamide or current injection; these inhibitory
      effects were reversed by a threefold increase in [Ca]o to 7-68 mM. 7. From these
      results it is concluded that the electrical activity induced in islet cells by
      Dglucose, tolbutamide and current injection is due mainlu to Ca-2+ influx and is
      dependent on the level of the membrane potential

PMID- 1095723
TI  - Silane bonding of porcelain denture teeth to acrylic resin denture bases.

PMID- 1095724
TI  - Anchor attachments used as locking devices in two-part removal prostheses.

PMID- 1095722
TI  - Pancreatic islet cells: effects of monosaccharides, glycolytic intermediates and
      metabolic inhibitors on membrane potential and electrical activity.
AB  - 1. The effects of monosaccharides, glycolytic intermediates, metabolic inhibitors
      and anxia, have been studied on the membrane electrical activity of mouse
      pancreatic islet cells in vitro using a single intracellular micro-electrode for
      both voltage recording and current injection. 2. In addition to D-glucose (28mM),
      D-mannose (16-6mM), and L-leucin (10mM), the substances D-glyceraldehyde (11mM),
      and acetoacetate (20 mM), induced action potentials in islet cells but other
      glucos analogues and metabolic intermediates including L-glucose dod not. 3.
      Mannoheptulose 20 mM), but not D-galactose or 2-deoxy-D-glucose, antagonized the
      electrical activity induced in islet cells by D-glucose, 28mM.  Prior treatment
      of the cells with mannoheptulose caused them to hyperpolarize and completely
      prevented the appearance of electrical activity on subsequent exposure to D
      glucose. 4. Electrical activity induced by D0glucose 28mM, was progressively
      inhibited by phloridzin, 10mM, if the cells were exposed to D-glucose and
      inhibitor simultaneously, and abolished on pretreatment with inhibitor for 30-60
      min.  Phloridzin also caused depolarization of the islet cells which was
      independent of extracellular glucose. 5. Anoxia completely blocked the electrical
      activity induced by glucose but not that evoked by D-glyceraldehyde, L-leucine,
      tolbutamide or glibenclamide. 6. Iodoacetic acid, 5 mM, rapidly blocked glucose
      induced electrical activity whilst that elicited by tolbutamide was relatively
      resistant to inhibition. 7. The nature and possible location of the glucoreceptor
      in pancreatic islet cells is discussed in relation to the origin and functional
      significance of glucose-induced electrical activity and insulin secretion.

PMID- 1095725
TI  - Contouring and staining ceramic-metal restorations in the mouth.

PMID- 1095726
TI  - The composite resin dowel and core.

PMID- 1095728
TI  - Trouble-shooting the pour resins.

PMID- 1095727
TI  - A modified intraoral prosthesis for directing a radiation beam.

PMID- 1095729
TI  - Boxing impressions.

PMID- 1095730
TI  - Editorial: The doctor as decision maker.

PMID- 1095731
TI  - Mathematical method in diagnosis.

PMID- 1095732
TI  - Probability and medical diagnosis.

PMID- 1095733
TI  - The diagnosis of jaundice by the computation of probabilities.

PMID- 1095734
TI  - Computer-aided diagnosis and decision-making in the acute abdomen.

PMID- 1095736
TI  - The role of utility in decision-making.

PMID- 1095735
TI  - The analysis of diagnostic data.

PMID- 1095737
TI  - William Osler and medical education.

PMID- 1095738
TI  - Spermatogenesis in mature and regressed testes of the vole (Microtus agrestis).
AB  - Eight stages of spermatogenesis, each with a characteristic frequency and germ
      cell association could be recognized in the vole. There was no difference between
      laboratory bred and field animals in the frequency of the stages. Counts of the
      different types of germ cell showed that there was considerable cell loss during
      spermatogonial mitotic and spermatocytic meiotic divisions. Only 60% of germ
      cells became spermatozoa in sexually mature animals, and 19% in the regressing
      testes of voles exposed to short photoperiods. Animals with regressed testes
      probably have lowered circulating levels of gonadotrophins and testicular
      hormones, so that the greater germ loss suggests the importance of these hormones
      in the regulation of germ cell wastage. From the cell counts in mature animals, a
      scheme of cell divisions has been suggested by which spermatogonia produce
      progressively more highly differentiated germ cells while continuing to
      perpetuate stem cells.

PMID- 1095739
TI  - Control of time of ovulation in heifers treated with progesterone and
      gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.
AB  - The time of ovulation was determined in twenty-nine heifers by laparoscopy
      following treatment with progesterone. In addition, twenty-five of the animals
      received 100 mug Gn-RH 30 hr after the end of the progesterone treatment. Only
      eight of the heifers treated with Gn-RH ovulated. This contrasted with results
      obtained following examination of ovaries after slaughter in similar animals
      treated in identical fashion. Heifers which were treated with progesterone for 12
      days and then slaughtered had not begun to ovulate 65 hr after the end of
      treatment, but five of eleven animals had ovulated 4 hr later. When Gn-RH was
      given, ovulation had started 60 hr after the end of progesterpme treatment, 60%
      of heifers had ovulated at 65 hr and 90% at 69 hr. Treatment with Gn-RH can
      synchronize and hasten the time of ovulation in heifers given progesterone.
      Possible reasons for the discrepancy between the results obtained following
      laparoscopy and slaughter are discussed.

PMID- 1095740
TI  - The first James Russel Goding Memorial Lecture of the Australian Society for
      Reproductive Biology. The ovine and bovine oestrous cycle. An appreciation of J.
      R. Goding's contribution to the understanding of the oestrous cycle.

PMID- 1095741
TI  - An interactive computer program for studying fetal electroencephalograms.
AB  - Fetal electroencephalogram (FEEG), recorded during labor, produces very large
      volumes of data for visual interpretation. An established terminology, developed
      for the interpretation of neonatal electroencephalogram, has been found to be
      useful for visual pattern recognition of FEEG. A program, which identifies FEEG
      patterns within ten second epochs and provides direct comparison between visual
      and programmed analysis, has been developed using an interactive computer system.
      This program provides 85-90 percent consistency with visual interpretation.

PMID- 1095742
TI  - Male sterilization in El Salvador: A preliminary report.
AB  - The expectation that male sterilization would not be an acceptable method of
      fertility control to the Latin American male has not been upheld in the initial
      phases of male sterilization programs in Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and El
      Salvador. On the contrary, in all of these programs and also at the Asociacion
      Demografica Salvadorena, a free-standing, non-profit family planning clinic in
      San Salvador, the initial success has been impressive, with 180 men accepting
      sterilization during the first two years (February, 1972 to February, 1974). All
      sterilizations were performed by excising a 10-15 mm segment of each vas and
      ligating each vas end. Procedures were performed on an outpatient basis using a
      local anesthetic. Follow-up examinations were conducted at one week and three
      months after the procedure. Although complications were reported by 24.0% of the
      subjects at the one-week follow-up, the complications were minor: most were
      scrotal infections not requiring antibiotic therapy. Rates of complications were
      low for subjects returning for a three-month examination and semen test. Only one
      subject had a positive semen test.

PMID- 1095743
TI  - N.R.A.-Historical overview.

PMID- 1095744
TI  - A quality filtering system for medical literature.
AB  - An algorithmic method for selecting quality journal articles is presented. The
      procedures are based on formalizations of existing evaluation mechanisms in
      scientific publication. The method was actually applied to the journal literature
      of the pharmacology of cardiac arrhythmias for the period 1967 to 1970. A
      comparison with the selected bibliographies of four recent publications showed
      that the method approximated some of the selections made by conventional
      subjective judgment.

PMID- 1095745
TI  - Proceedings: Continuous-culture studies of bacterial interactions among human
      skin commensals.

PMID- 1095746
TI  - Proceedings: The production of vitamin K by human intestinal bacteria.

PMID- 1095747
TI  - Proceedings: The relative abundance of R factors in faecal Escherichia coli
      strains of serotypes O8, O9 and O101.

PMID- 1095748
TI  - Urinary and faecal Escherichia coli O-sero-groups in symptomatic urinary-tract
      infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria.
AB  - The degree of correspondence between urinary and faecal Escherichia coli O-groups
      has been assessed in non-pregnant women with symptomatic urinary-tract infection
      or asymptomatic bacteriuria. In 20 of 26 patients with symptomatic urinary tract
      infection E. coli of the same O-groups as that of the urinary infecting strain
      was also present in the patient's faecal flora of only five of 25 patients with
      asymptomatic bacteriuria. This finding indicates that the majority of episodes of
      symptomatic urinary tract infection in non-pregnant women are not preceded by a
      significant period of asymptomatic bacteriuria. E. coli O6 showed correspondence
      between urinary and faecal isolates more frequently than did other O-groups, but
      it had a relatively low prevalence in the faecal flora of patients with urinary
      tract infection caused by E. coli of other O-groups. This finding lends support
      to previous suggestions that E. coli O6 may be especially pathogenic for the
      urinary tract.

PMID- 1095749
TI  - Immunological studies on leprosy: separation and evaluation of the antigens of
      Mycobacterium leprae.
AB  - Chromatographically separated antigens of Mycobacterium leprae were tested for
      their ability to elicit skin reactions in guinea-pigs sensitised with homologous
      and heterologous mycobacteria. Of the three antigen-positive fractions obtained,
      one showed specific activity and the other two cross-reactivity, as indicated by
      studies of hypersensitivity and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. The fraction
      exhibiting specificity contained only one antigen, which was protein in nature,
      whereas the other two fractions contained more than one antigen and possessed
      both protein and polysaccharide constituents. Because the single-antigen
      containing fraction showed both positive skin and PCA reactivity, the suggestion
      is made that this fraction may contain either an antigen with two determinants or
      may contain two antigens that are not easily distinguishable by immunodiffusion
      methods.

PMID- 1095750
TI  - Assessment of a new selective medium for the isolation of Salmonellae.
AB  - Shanson's medium, a MacConkey-type agar containing added inhibitors, was compared
      with deoxycholate-citrate agar for the examination of faeces. The isolation rate
      of samonellae on the two media was similar, but Shanson's medium was the more
      selective; this meant that the amount of work required to produce a result was
      reduced.

PMID- 1095752
TI  - Single atom image contrast: conventional dark-field and bright-field electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Single atom inage intensities are calculated for bright-field and various dark
      field modes, including the ideal beam stop, a wire beam stop, tilted illumination
      and a displaced aperture. Comparisons of scattering amplitudes and elastic
      scattering cross-sections are made with different object potentials and
      scattering formulations. The image contrast for one mercury atom (Z equals 80) on
      a column of carbon atoms (Z equals 6) as the substrate is also discussed for both
      the bright-field and the various dark-field situations.

PMID- 1095751
TI  - Reversible permeability changes in the membrane of a yeast cell sugar
      compartment.
AB  - Sorbose uptake by Saccharomyces cerevisiae was increased 40 to 60% by glucose and
      other metabolizable sugars. Neither growth nor binding accounted for the
      increased uptake. However, accessibility of a restrictive intracellular
      compartment was increased as shown by counterflow and efflux measurements. Efflux
      from the compartment was more than doubled by glucose. This effect was reversed
      by washing and was prevented by iodoacetic acid and other inhibitors, but not by
      cycloheximide. No evidence was found for a facilitated transport system in the
      compartment membrane such as exists in the external cell membrane.  It was
      concluded that sorbose crosses the compartment membrane by simple diffusion and
      that a reaction requiring the metabolism of sugars increases the permeability of
      the membrane. Arabinose and fucose entered and were lost from the compartment
      like sorbose, whereas dimethylsulfoxide was unaffected by the compartment. All
      three of these later compounds were bound by the cells when glucose was available
      in uptake suspensions. Binding was prevented by iodoacetic acid, but not by
      cycloheximide.

PMID- 1095754
TI  - Mapping and characterization of promoters in bacteriophages fd, f1 and m13.

PMID- 1095755
TI  - Structure of yeast hexokinase. IV. Low-resoultion structure of enzyme-substrate
      complexes revealing negative co-operativity and allosteric interactions.

PMID- 1095753
TI  - Organization and function of the tail of bacteriophage T4. II. Structural control
      of the tail contraction.

PMID- 1095756
TI  - Selective covalent binding of an ethidium analog to mitochondrial DNA with
      production of petite mutants in yeast by photoaffinity labelling.

PMID- 1095757
TI  - Recognition sequence of restriction endonuclease III from Hemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1095758
TI  - Sequence analysis of the ribosome-protected bacteriophase phiX174 DNA fragment
      containing the gene G initiation site.

PMID- 1095759
TI  - Circular dichroism of flow-oriented nucleic acids. I. Experimental results.

PMID- 1095760
TI  - Genetic fusions defining trp and lac operon regulatory elements.

PMID- 1095761
TI  - Function of Escherichia coli ribosomal protein S1 in translation of natural and
      synthetic messenger RNA.

PMID- 1095763
TI  - Prophage lambda at unusual chromosomal locations. III. The components of the
      secondary attachment sites.

PMID- 1095762
TI  - Inhibition of peptide chain termination by antibodies specific for ribosomal
      proteins.

PMID- 1095764
TI  - Ribosome changes during translation.

PMID- 1095765
TI  - Kinetics of the reversible association of ribosomal subunits: stopped-flow
      studies of the rate law and of the effect of Mg2+.

PMID- 1095767
TI  - The replication time of the Escherichia coli K12 chromosome as a function of cell
      doubling time.

PMID- 1095766
TI  - Effect of 50 S subunit proteins L5, L18 and L25 on the fluorescence of 5 S RNA
      bound ethidium bromide.

PMID- 1095768
TI  - Mechanism of DNA chain growth. XIII. Evidence for discontinuous replication of
      both strands of P2 phage DNA.

PMID- 1095769
TI  - Characterization of the replication of Escherichia coli DNA in the absence of
      protein synthesis: stable DNA replication.

PMID- 1095770
TI  - Gene 0.3 of bacteriophage T7 acts to overcome the DNA restriction system of the
      host.

PMID- 1095771
TI  - Cleavage by ribonuclease III of the complex of 30 S pre-ribosomal RNA and
      ribosomal proteins of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1095772
TI  - Primary closure and exteriorization of penetrating wounds of the colon.

PMID- 1095773
TI  - An exposition on the value premises underlying black family studies.

PMID- 1095774
TI  - Kenneth Witcher Clement, A.B. M.D., F.A.C.S., LL.D., L.H.D., 1920-1974.

PMID- 1095775
TI  - V. Effect of enzymes and temperature on the serological activity of the antigen
      of Fasciola gigantica.
AB  - The partially purified extract of Fasciola gigantica was incubated with enzyme
      pepsin and samples were taken at different time intervals from 0-24 hours, and
      tested intradermally for diagnosing bilharziasis. The enzymatic degradation of
      the protein molecule results in the progressive decrease and eventually the
      complete disappearance of serological activity. This showed that the protein
      portion of the antigen was deemed necessary for its activity in intradermal tests
      for diagnosing schistosomiasis. Amylase, even at a concentration of 5 per cent,
      did not influence the activity of the partially purified extract of Fasciola
      gigantica. This showed that the carbohydrate portion of the antigen has no effect
      on serological activity. The partially purified extract of Fasciola gigantica was
      subjected to heating at 37 degrees C, 50 degrees C, and 60 degrees C for periods
      of two, six and 24 hours, and tested intradermally for diagnosing
      schistosomiasis. Heating decreased the reactivity of the supernatant liquid of
      the protein solution but did not completely inactivate the serologically active
      component which is fairly stable at 50 degrees C. Temperatures higher than 50
      degrees C started to affect the serological activity of the protein solution. The
      higher the temperature, the shorter is the time required for the inactivation of
      the protein. This shows that the serologically active component is protein and
      not polysaccharide which resists much higher temperatures.

PMID- 1095776
TI  - Chloroquine resistant malaria in West Malaysia.
AB  - Chloroquine resistance is a well established entity in South East Asia, and
      presents a problem of increasing importance. Strains of P. falciparum resistant
      to chloroquine have also been found to be resistant to amodiaquine and a
      combination of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine. Knowledge of the drug sensitivity
      of the strains of malaria parasite in a given locality is important so that the
      right choice of drugs can be made in treatment of the disease. The treatment of
      chloroquine resistant malaria in West Malaysia is a subject of another paper but
      suffice it to say that increased doses of chloroquine have still been found to be
      effective in treating many cases of falciparum malaria from areas of chloroquine
      resistance.

PMID- 1095777
TI  - Phospholipase activity in bacteriophage-infected Escherichia. II. Activation of
      phospholipase by T4 ghost infection.
AB  - The release of free fatty acids from the phospholipids of Escherichia coli is
      initiated immediately after the attachment of T4 ghosts. A similar accumulation
      of free fatty acids is observed if the cells are infected with T4 phage in the
      presence of chloramphenicol or puromycin. An early accumulation of free fatty
      acids, however, is not observed in T4 infections in which chloramphenicol or
      puromycin are not present, nor does it occur if the E. coli are infected with T4
      phage before ghost infection, suggesting that phage products can prevent the
      phospholipid deacylation. If E. coli is infected with T4 ghosts before T4 phage
      infection, the accumulation of free fatty acids is not suppressed. When
      phospholipase-deficient E, coli are infected with T4 ghosts the appearance of
      free fatty acids is not observed, suggesting that T4 ghost attachment can
      activate the phospholipase of wild-type E. coli. Although the formation of free
      fatty acid apparently is a consequence of activation of the detergent-resistant
      phospholipase of the outer membrane, it is not observed in mutants deficient in
      the detergent-sensitive phospholipase.

PMID- 1095778
TI  - Synthesis of viral and rRNA in bacteriophage R17 infection of a stringent strain
      of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A previous paper (1973) indicated that infection with bacteriophage R17 permits
      the synthesis of RNA and spermidine in Escherichia coli (CP78 in the absence of
      the exogenous essential amino acid, arginine. We have now isolated RNA formed
      under such conditions and analyzed the newly synthesized species by agarose
      acrylamide electrophoresis. It has been shown that infection of the stringent
      cells in the absence of exogenous arginine resulted in a marked incorporation of
      uracil into rRNA, as well as into R17 RNA. It was shown that, although the
      organism was nonauxotrophic for uracil, addition of [-14C]uracil resulted in the
      rapid formation of TUP, the specific radioactivity of which approached that of
      the exogenous uracil. This indicated that the incorporation of exogenous uracil
      into rRNA in R17 infection of the stringent strain reflected a true stimulated
      synthesis of this nucleic acid. Infection of the essentially isogenic relaxed
      strain, CP79, under the same conditions inhibited the RNA synthesis to a much
      less extent than the inhibition caused during the normal infection. These
      observations provide another example of the close correlation between synthesis
      of spermidine and of host RNA, even in cells infected by an RNA bacteriophage.

PMID- 1095779
TI  - Chloramphenicol stimulation of lysogeny by lambda regulatory mutants.
AB  - Inhibition of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli by amino acid starvation or
      chloramphenicol addition increases the frequency of lysogeny by lambda phage two-
      to fourfold. Lambda cIII mutants, which normally lysogenize at very low
      frequencies, lysogenize at very high frequencies in the presence of
      chloramphenicol.

PMID- 1095780
TI  - The absence of vesicoureteral reflux in the neonate with myelodysplasia.
AB  - Urologic evaluation of 21 newborns with myelomeningoceles revealed a rarity of
      infection and an absence of vesicoureteral reflux on cystourethrography. An
      hypothesis has been advanced to explain the absence of reflux and the high
      incidence of reflux reported in older children with myelomeningoceles. The
      absence of reflux in these neonates indicates that reflux in children with
      myelomenigoceles is not caused by a primary congenital ureterovesical junction
      abnormality but rather is secondary to infection and/or progressive bladder
      dysfunction.

PMID- 1095782
TI  - Spiral advancement skin flap for stomal revision.
AB  - The spiral advancement skin flap procedure for stomal revision is a simple
      technique when the size of the skin defect must be reduced. The technique is
      described herein.

PMID- 1095781
TI  - Vesicoureteral reflux in babies with myelomeningocele.
AB  - Reflux was present at birth in 24 per cent of 100 babies with meningomyelocele,
      indicating a marked tendency toward spontaneous improvement in infancy. Reflux
      starts in some children after birth but the number is too small to draw definite
      conclusions on the cause of this onset. Of the children with myelomeningocele 16
      per cent had asymptomatic infection of the urine on 1 occasion only and 33 per
      cent had recurrent infections. There was a greater incidence of upper tract
      anomalies in patients with a high level spinal lesion.

PMID- 1095783
TI  - Semen cultures in the diagnosis of bacterial prostatitis.
AB  - The bacterial flora of semen from normal men has been studied. Positive cultures
      were obtained in 45 per cent of these individuals but only in smally colony
      counts of non-pathogenic bacteria. The seminal flora of patients with bacterial
      prostatitis was then studied. Excellent correlations have been noted between
      cultures of prostatic secretions and semen. Semen cultures will almost invariably
      be diagnostic in patients with bacterial prostatis. This technique has definite
      usefulness in selected patients in whom it is otherwise difficult to establish a
      diagnosis of bacterial prostatis.

PMID- 1095784
TI  - Emphysematous pyelonephritis: report of 3 cases treated by nephrectomy.
AB  - Three cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis are presented. All 3 patients were
      diabetics, they all had Escherichia coli and there was evidence of ureteral
      obstruction in 1 case only. All 3 patients underwent nephrectomy and survived.
      Initial evaluation should be performed to rule out ureteral obstruction.
      Treatment should consist of a brief trial of high dose antibiotic therapy with
      serious consideration of nephrectomy in the face of persistent symptoms or gas.
      Incision and drainage are reserved for poor surgical risk patients. All patients
      should remain on antibacterial therapy and have frequent followup examinations.

PMID- 1095785
TI  - Cine-fluoroscopic studies of ureteral function in the human renal transplant.
AB  - During a 14-month period 73 satisfactory fluoroscopic studies were done on 59
      kidney transplant recipients. Ureteral peristalsis was seen in 90 per cent of
      these studies and there was no difference between patients receiving living
      related donor kidneys and those receiving cadaveric kidneys. When ureteral
      activity was studied during rejection episodes only 54 per cent of the studies
      showed activity. An effort was made to relate aperistaltic ureteral activity to
      renal function, warm ischemia time, urinary tract infection, number of rejection
      episodes and tissue matching but no positive correlation could be made except the
      concurrent clinical diagnosis of rejection.

PMID- 1095786
TI  - The surgical approach to Peyronie's disease.
AB  - Seven patients with Peyronie's disease were treated by surgical exposure of the
      fibrous plaque and dermo-jet injection of steroids into the plaque under direct
      vision. Relief of pain was obtained in 2 of 3 patients and curvature was only
      moderately improved i 2 of 7 patients. One of 4 patients who were unable to
      perform coitus because of the curvature noted improvement after the injections.
      The low rate of response in this small series of patients would suggest that
      there is no additional benefit in the use of the dermo-jet over percutaneous
      injection of the plaques. The latter procedure can be performed more easily on a
      repeated basis over a longer period. Two patients whose plaques were excised and
      repalced by a dermal inlay graft have had a good response to treatment and it
      would appear that this technique is useful for the patient who has failed to
      respond to conservative measures and who is significantly disabled by the
      disease.

PMID- 1095787
TI  - A modification of the Young procedure for radical perineal prostatectomy.
AB  - A modification of the Young procedure for total perineal prostatectomy is
      described herein. The modification consists of an anterior and posterior
      paraurethral mattress suture that approximates the distal urethra and the bladder
      neck without constricting or interfering with the function of the sphincter
      muscle. None of the 55 patients with early prostatic carcinoma who have undergone
      this procedure has had incontinence.

PMID- 1095788
TI  - Nephrocalcinosis in infancy and childhood.
AB  - The diangosis, clinical manifestations and management of 11 children with
      nephrocalcinosis encountered in a 20-year period are presented. Renal tubular
      acidosis, primary hyperoxaluria, primary hyperparathyroidism, exogenous
      hyperadrenocorticism and idiopathic hypercalcemia of infancy were the principal
      causes of nephrocalcinosis in this series. In the presence of normal or near
      normal renal function, a 55 per cent or better cure rate can be expected.
      Children with significantly diminished renal function have a poor prognosis and
      should be considered for renal transplantation.

PMID- 1095789
TI  - Hamartoma and renal transplant implications.
AB  - A 19-year-old woman with tuberous sclerosis, bilateral renal hamartomas and
      polycystic kidneys required separate nephrectomies for severe hemorrhages 6
      months apart. The case is presented, the diagnoses of the disease in relation to
      a negative family history are considered and the importance of early diagnosis in
      a potential transplant recipient and the use of leukocyte-free transufusions are
      discussed.

PMID- 1095790
TI  - WPCF member associations and affiliations.

PMID- 1095791
TI  - Information sources on water pollution control.

PMID- 1095792
TI  - State water pollution control agencies.

PMID- 1095793
TI  - A rabies epidemic in recently captured skunks.
AB  - An epidemic of rabies occurred within a colony of captive skunks (Mephitis
      mephitis). One of the animals has been infected with the virus in the wild and
      developed clinical illness near 7 weeks after capture. She transmitted the virus
      to three of her five offspring and one other adult. The disease spread to
      additional skunks when orphaned infants were adopted by lactating females.
      Although the animals were in close contact with each other, the epidemic spread
      slowly. Furious rabies generally did not occur and frequently rabid skunks were
      found dead without any clinical signs of the disease having been observed.

PMID- 1095794
TI  - Ibuprofen or aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.
AB  - Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal drug with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti
      inflammatory properties that was recently introduced for use in antiarthritis
      therapy in the United States. In a year-long double-blind multiclinic trial in
      885 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ibuprofen was at least as satisfactory as
      aspirin, considering both efficacy and tolerance. In the majority of patients,
      daily doses ranged from 800 to 1,600 mg of ibuprofen and 3 to 6 gm of aspirin.
      The drugs did not differ greatly in providing relief from arthritis symptoms, but
      ibuprofen was definitely better tolerated, especially in regard to
      gastrointestinal complaints. Seven percent of the ibuprofen group dropped out of
      the study because of adverse reactions, as compared with 16% of the aspirin
      group; 17% of the ibuprofen group and 31% of the aspirin group had
      gastrointestinal symptoms.

PMID- 1095796
TI  - [Electron microscopic cytology of reticulosis].

PMID- 1095795
TI  - Editorial: Adequacy of dialysis.

PMID- 1095797
TI  - [Clinical and cytological findings in reticulosis (author's transl)].

PMID- 1095798
TI  - [Directory of the Japanese Society of geriatrics, January, 1975].

PMID- 1095799
TI  - [In search of unknown nursing literature (2). A nursing textbook of the Edo
      period. Byoke Suchi. 1].

PMID- 1095800
TI  - [Heart-lung machine--its history and present status].

PMID- 1095801
TI  - Classical descriptions of disease.

PMID- 1095802
TI  - [Once more about the role of antidiuretic hormone in disorders of water
      electrolyte metabolism in cardiac insufficiency].

PMID- 1095803
TI  - [Certain problems of etiology and pathogenesis of heart lesions in chronic liver
      diseases].

PMID- 1095804
TI  - [Mil'tiad Ivanovich Teodori].

PMID- 1095805
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of acute myocardial infarct and ECG interpretation with
      the aid of long-distance computer inquiry].
AB  - Data are presented on the differential diagnosis of some forms of the ischaemic
      heart disease, myocardial infarction including, performed with the help of a long
      -distance enquiry of the "Nairi-K" computer. This is one of the adjunct methods
      of early and timely diagnosis of myocardial infarction that permits to
      differentiate it from angina pectoris, postinfarction cardiosclerosis, acute
      abdominal pathology, pleuropneumonia, and to determine the localization of the
      necrosis. The exactness of the diagnosis ranges from 93 to 95%. An information
      system was developed that permits a more objective assessment of the nature of
      the ECG changes.

PMID- 1095806
TI  - Dense deposit disease: a variant of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1095807
TI  - Recurrent hematuria and focal glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1095809
TI  - [Certain tactical and technical aspects of radical surgical treatment of stomach
      and duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1095808
TI  - Recurrence of mesangial deposition of IgA after renal transplantation.

PMID- 1095810
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of gastrectomies with the use of mechanical and manual
      sutures].

PMID- 1095811
TI  - [Change in the digestive process after stomach resection].

PMID- 1095812
TI  - [Georgii Grigor'evich Karabanov (on his 75th birthday)].

PMID- 1095813
TI  - [Mikhail Fedorovich Kamaev (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1095814
TI  - [Rehabilitation of patients with penetrating gastric and duodenal ulcer].

PMID- 1095815
TI  - [Technic of gastroenteroanastomosis in gastric resection using the bilroth II
      method].

PMID- 1095816
TI  - [Covering of fistulae after operations of glaucoma (author's transl)].
AB  - It is recommended to use a certain method to cover cystic oozing cushions after
      filtering operations of glaucoma. To this effect a lamellar scleral flap is
      formed which is laid over the previously exposed scleral fissure. An impediment
      of the filtration of aqueous humour is avoided by means of suitable fixation of
      Tenon's capsule.

PMID- 1095818
TI  - [Prof. Dr. Hermann M. Burian 1906-1974].

PMID- 1095817
TI  - [Correction of Blepharochalasis (author's transl)].
AB  - Blepharochalasis implies the symptom or general term (Kettesy) applied to the
      slackening and thinning out of the upper lid. From a clinical point of view and
      in a wide sense this includes Cutix laxa senilis or senile epiblepharon. The
      following surgical procedures restore the lost contract between the skin and the
      lid elevator. 1. Upper plapebral furrow formation sutures (Kettesy). 2.
      Blepharochalasis surgery according to the method of Imre. This is a "mild ptosis
      operation" which is indicated in advanced slackening and dehiszenz of the Fascia
      tarso orbitalis. 3. The "controlled skin resection" which permits a testing of
      the function before the skin resection, prevents the excision of muscle fibres as
      well as too large and irregular skin stripes and provides for a minimum
      haemorrhage. For this purpose the skin fold near to the upper tarsal margin is
      lifted up and marked with running sutures along the line of expected upper
      palpebral furrow. After resection of the lifted lid skin the scarcely bleeding
      wound is closed with running sutures.

PMID- 1095820
TI  - Non-leak calomel reference electrode.

PMID- 1095819
TI  - Self-mutilation in mice associated with otitis media.
AB  - Mutilation of the external ear and adjacent tissues was an enzootic problem in
      outbred Mcr:(ICR) breeder mice in a commercial colony. Necropsy examination of
      affected and randomly selected, nonaffected adult breeder mice revealed a
      probable association of the cutaneous lesions with suppurative otitis media.
      Several microorganisms, including Mycoplasma pulmonis and Pasteurella
      pneumotropica, were isolated from the tympanic bullae.

PMID- 1095821
TI  - Haematoxylin for the estimation of trace amounts of iron.

PMID- 1095822
TI  - Immunohistochemical demonstration of hepatitis B core and surface antigens in
      paraffin sections.
AB  - An immunohistochemical staining to demonstrate the hepatitis B core and surface
      antigens (HBc&sAg) on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver tissue was
      investigated. The staining is believed to be valid for the reasons that: (1)
      HBc&s AG-positive and control tissues were properly selected. (2) The
      immunospecificities of the antisera to HBc Ag or HBs Ag were verified by
      immunoelectron microscopy and by conducting the neutralization controls in the
      staining procedure. (3) The staining results were identical with those shown on
      unfixed frozen sections from the same cases. The immunoreactive sites of HBc&s Ag
      are shown to be preserved in the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue, and
      they can be demonstrated by either direct or indirect immunofluorescent and
      immunoperoxidase methods. The pronase digestion of the tissue sections quenches
      the nonspecific background staining and thus facilitates the microscopic
      examination. The indirect immunofluorescent method is more sensitive than the
      direct. The localization of HBs Ag in liver cells shown by immunohistochemical
      method is identical with that demonstrated by orcein histochemical stain. The
      described method demonstrating the HBc Ag in paraffin tissue may offer an
      additional means in making a specific etiologic diagnosis of hepatitis B viral
      disease.

PMID- 1095823
TI  - Paracelsus and the origins of the study of occupational diseases.

PMID- 1095824
TI  - "Doctor Caesar" and his cure for poisons and rattle-snake bites.

PMID- 1095825
TI  - Bruce Mayne, eminent scientist doctor of Public Health.

PMID- 1095826
TI  - Myocardial performance in clinical septic shock: effects of isoproterenol and
      glucose potassium insulin.

PMID- 1095827
TI  - Increased adrenal secretion of norepinephrine and epinephrine after endotoxin and
      its reversal with corticosteroids.

PMID- 1095829
TI  - Vagotomy-pyloroplasty for prevention of gastric ulcer in pig liver
      transplantation.

PMID- 1095828
TI  - Extended preservation of the ischemic canine lung by ventilation with PEEP.

PMID- 1095830
TI  - "Acute phase indices"--sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein.

PMID- 1095831
TI  - Clinical problems with drugs.

PMID- 1095832
TI  - A trial of comparison of pathological creative production of a drug-addicted
      alcoholic patient with the art of famous artists.

PMID- 1095834
TI  - Poetic creativity in chronic schizophrenia.

PMID- 1095833
TI  - Modern views on cholestasis.

PMID- 1095835
TI  - The medical and chirurgical faculty of maryland library, 1830-1975.

PMID- 1095836
TI  - Bibliographies from the faculty library: 145 years of service.

PMID- 1095837
TI  - History of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty, 1899-1925.  Part 2, 1908-1915.

PMID- 1095838
TI  - Pharmacological and ultrastructural maturation of serotonergic synapses during
      ontogeny.
AB  - Studies were made on the course of maturation of serotonergic synapses during
      ontogeny in rat brain. Mature synaptosomes containing the same five types of
      synatic vesicles as in the adult, including small dense core vesicles, could be
      isolated in low proportion from the brain of 1-day-old rats. Although the buoyant
      density of these synaptosomes varied more than in the adult, the 5
      hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) synaptosomes at the two age groups had similar
      sedimentation characteristics. Ouabain and imipramine, which block active
      transport of 5-HT, and reserpine, which blocks its granular storage, resulted
      respectively in a similar slight inhibition of uptake and accumulation of (-14C)5
      HT in synaptosomes of 19-day foetuses. Transport and storage of (-14C)5-HT in the
      brain stem matured simultaneously with endogenous 5-HT content. In subcellular
      fractionation of the brain 5-HT content, the percentage of 5-HT in the
      supernatant was significantly lower in neonatal than in adult rats. After
      treatments with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and reserpine plus MAOI,
      respectively, the maximum brain content and subcellular distribution of 5-HT were
      similar in 1-day-old and adult rats; the result suggests the existence of some
      other binding mechanism besides the Mg++-ATP-dependent granular storage.
      Imipramine and N,N-dimethyltryptamine, which cause stimulation of 5-HT receptors,
      decreased the turnover of brain 5-HT by 40% in adults but had no effect in
      neonatal rats. Immobilization increased the turnover of brain 5-HT by 35% in
      adults but had no effect in neonatal rats, whereas fasting increased it by 20% in
      adults and by 150% in neonatal rats. At 3 weeks of age the responses to
      imipramine, immobilization and fasting resembled those seen in adults. These
      responses occurred later than the appearance of the endogenous content, transport
      and storage of 5-HT and may require maturation of synaptic junctions, the latest
      neuronal structures to develop.

PMID- 1095839
TI  - Copayments for ambulatory care: penny-wise and pound-foolish.
AB  - The California "copayment experiment" imposed a charge of $1 on certain Medicaid
      beneficiaries for the first two visits to a doctor and 50 cents for the first two
      drug prescriptions each month, effective January 1, 1972. Data on utilization
      rates were gathered for six months before this date and for 12 months after it.
      While other administrative requirements, like prior authorization of certain
      services, doubtless also played a part, it was found that, following the start of
      copayment, utilization of ambulatory doctor's office visits and other services
      associated with them showed a decline, relative to that of the non-copayment
      cohort. After a brief lag, however, hospitalization rates in the copay cohort
      rose to levels higher than those of the non-copayment cohort-more than offsetting
      the savings to the state from the reduction of ambulatory service use rates. Due
      presumably to the neglect of early medical care because of the inhibiting effect
      of the copayments, these higher use rates of costly hospitalizations suggest that
      financial deterrents on access to ambulatory service by poor people are penny
      wise and pound-foolish, not to mention their effects on health and well-being.

PMID- 1095840
TI  - Emphasizing "level of care" over "length of stay" in hospital utilization review.
AB  - Utilization review has heretofore emphasized "length of stay" as the criterion
      for deciding when the patient is ready to leave the hospital. We suggest that
      "level of care" (the type, number, and/or intensity of a combination of
      physician, skilled nursing, and ancillary services) received by the patient
      should replace length of stay as the major "decision" criterion for deciding on
      continued hospitalization: "appropriate hospital placement" means the patient is
      currently receiving a level of care available only in the hospital. Length of
      stay should be the criterion for signaling intervals when patients are (re)
      reviewed to determine the currently needed level of care. Explicit criteria for
      determining when a patient is receiving a hospital level of care should be
      developed. Explicit criteria will increase objectivity, provide guidance to
      utilization review coordinators, and assist the hospital in defending its
      utilization review decisions to an intermediary or Professional Standards Review
      Organization (PSRO). Level of care will be reflected in a patient's "service
      profile," a listing of all the services being received by the patient on any
      given day of hospitalization. The services profile varies throughout
      hospitalization; hospitalization is appropriate when a patient's current services
      profile constitutes a level of care available only in the hospital.

PMID- 1095841
TI  - Optometric prescribing patterns: a quality comparison of Medicaid and non
      Medicaid practitioners.
AB  - This study analyzes five variables related to quality and utilization of
      optometric prescribing of eyeglasses. The practices of optometrists participating
      in the New York City Medicaid Program were compared with those not participating.
      The variables chosen for this study can be analyzed by computer and seem to have
      wide applicability for monitoring of optometry services. Significant differences
      were found in four of the five variables under review. Overall, non-Medicaid
      patients appear to be receiving higher quality optometric care and less
      unnecessary care. Many of these differences, however, depend on the setting of
      the practice-whether solo, group, or corporate. Of additional note, wide
      variations occurred in the patterns of practice for non-Medicaid, as well as
      Medicaid, optometrists.

PMID- 1095842
TI  - Medicine's great schism: prevention vs. cure: an historical interpretation.
AB  - All societies, primitive and advanced, demand therapeutic services, but a society
      must develop sophisticated prerequisites before it can support preventive
      services. This discordance in the origins of curative medicine and public health
      does not explain why a schism between them still persists. This gap should be
      closed since medicine has cured most curable diseases and the residue of chronic
      conditions is best handled by preventing them or detecting them before they
      become medical crises. Reasons for persistence of the schism include; early
      concentration of public health on environmental sanitation to the exclusion of
      medicine; identification of public health was governmental bureaucracy; linking
      care of the poor with tight-fisted welfarism; existence of two separate
      educational systems, the view of doctors, who are activists by nature, toward the
      excitement of cure; the custom of paying only for active therapy; and the
      orientation of the Hippocratic ethic toward individuals.

PMID- 1095843
TI  - Cost-sharing and prior authorization effects on Medicaid services in California:
      part I. The beneficiaries' reactions.
AB  - In January 1972, California initiated a cost-sharing "experiment" as a means of
      containing rising costs of the Medicaid program. Beneficiaries who had some
      personal assets were required to pay a token amount for each doctor visit or
      prescription. This was expected to deter unnecessary services without affecting
      really needed care. An interview survey was made of beneficiaries continuously in
      copayment status throughout the 18 months of the experiment. Most beneficiaries
      had poor knowledge of the program, and tended to confuse copayment with the
      concurrent constraint of prior authorization for certain classes of service. The
      beneficiaries reported that the copayment was almost always collected, and most
      thought it had not affected their health care, but a significant 17 per cent
      throught it had reduced the care available to them, and these 17 per cent were
      for the most part in households with high medical need.

PMID- 1095844
TI  - Postoperative jaundice.

PMID- 1095845
TI  - Hepatitis in the drug abuser.

PMID- 1095846
TI  - Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: endemic or epidemic?

PMID- 1095847
TI  - [Antibodies against measles virus and antigens of the central nervous system in
      sera of patients with multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 1095848
TI  - [In memoriam: Feliks Przesmycki (1892-1974)].

PMID- 1095849
TI  - The kinds of anatomy.

PMID- 1095850
TI  - William Buchan: medicine laid open.

PMID- 1095851
TI  - The development of medical ethics -a sociological analysis.

PMID- 1095852
TI  - The development of the virus concept as reflected  in corpora of studies on
      individual pathogens. 2. The agent of fowl plague--a model virus.

PMID- 1095853
TI  - The Manchester and Salford Lock Hospital, 1818-1917.

PMID- 1095854
TI  - John Andree's "Essay on Gonorrhoea".

PMID- 1095855
TI  - Thomas Garvine--Ayrshire surgeon active in Russia and China.

PMID- 1095856
TI  - The Royal College of Physicians and interregnum politics.

PMID- 1095857
TI  - Design for a medical service: Peter the Great's Admiralty Regulations (1722).

PMID- 1095858
TI  - Hermann Lotze's critique of Johannes Muller's doctrine of specific sense
      energies.

PMID- 1095859
TI  - The resolution of the Heberden-Parry controversy.

PMID- 1095860
TI  - The Scottish Society of the History of Medicine. Report of proceedings.

PMID- 1095861
TI  - Rae of the Arctic.

PMID- 1095862
TI  - Sir Gordon Holmes.

PMID- 1095863
TI  - Doctor Augustine, physician to Cardinal Wolsey and King Henry VIII.

PMID- 1095864
TI  - Political prisoners in French mental institutions before 1789, during the
      Revolution, and under Napoleon I.

PMID- 1095865
TI  - Religion and medicine: the cholera pamphlets of Oxford, 1832, 1849 and 1854.

PMID- 1095866
TI  - Medical research in the Sudan since 1903.

PMID- 1095867
TI  - John Hunter: pioneer of freeze-fracture.

PMID- 1095868
TI  - Obituary: Vincent Zachary Cope, Kt., M.D., M.S., F.R.C.S.

PMID- 1095869
TI  - [Reduction of sudden death after myocardial infarct with chronic alprenolol
      treatment].

PMID- 1095870
TI  - [Percutaneous anesthesia when taking skin for grafting].

PMID- 1095871
TI  - Muscle and fascial grafts in carotid artery protection.

PMID- 1095872
TI  - Kinetics of tumor growth and of cell proliferation in U.R.D.T. cancers:
      therapeutic implications.
AB  - After a brief survey of the factors of clinical tumor radioresistance the
      available data on the growth rate and on the kinetics of cell proliferation of
      U.R.D.T. tumors are reviewed.  The growth fraction and the cell turnover rate
      appear to be similar in U.R.D.T. tumors and in other squamous cell carcinomas. 
      These two parameters are correlated with clinical tumor radiosensitivity and
      chemosensitivity.  The possible value of tailoring fractionation and drug
      administration to the biological characteristics of the tumor is discussed.

PMID- 1095873
TI  - Acalculous parotid sialadenopathy.
AB  - Acalculous inflammation of the parotid gland has been regarded by some as a
      specific disorder that can be staged as to the severity of the disease process. 
      A review of the literature, however, indicates a divergence of opinion.  It is
      the purpose of this study to test this hypothesis by a retrospective double-blind
      analysis of clinical, sialographic and histopathologic findings.  Forty-two
      patients who were seen by the Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University
      School of Medicine from 1961 to 1970 were evaluated by two separate teams.  There
      were 20 sialograms and 30 pathologic specimens, and all were re-examined.  Eleven
      patients had both sialographic studies and histopathologic examination.  The
      clinical presentations and sialographic findings were reviewed.  These findings
      were then compared to each other.  Our results indicate that we could not
      evaluate the severity of the clinical disease by sialography or histopathology. 
      There was no consistent method of staging the sialographic and pathologic
      findings.  In addition, there was no correlation between these two parameters. 
      They reflect neither the patient's clinical syndrome pattern nor the extent of
      disease.  It appears that the parotid gland responds variable to inflammation. 
      These observations are exemplified by case histories.

PMID- 1095874
TI  - Directory of otolaryngologic societies.

PMID- 1095875
TI  - Regional skin flaps in partial laryngectomy.
AB  - The use of regional neck flaps for rehabilitation has permitted an extension of
      operations on the glottis.  The resection may include both vocal cords, both
      ventricular bands, one arytenoid and slight subglottic extension in a one- or two
      stage technique.  The resultant voice is low pitched, soft and has limited range.
      The cure rate was 85 percent.

PMID- 1095876
TI  - [Immunofluorescent tests in chronic liver diseases].

PMID- 1095877
TI  - [Physicians in Pula from the second half of the 17th up to the end of 18th
      century (1658-1788)].

PMID- 1095878
TI  - Neuroblastoma: the E. coli of neurobiology?

PMID- 1095879
TI  - Steroids and steroid metabolism in plant tissue cultures.
AB  - The steroids which have been isolated from plant callus and suspension cultures
      are reviewed. In addition, the research involving the use of plant tissue
      cultures to investigate steroid biosynthesis and metabolism is summarized.

PMID- 1095880
TI  - The chemistry of Indian Piper species.

PMID- 1095881
TI  - [Methods and means of processing and using scintigraphic information in clinical
      practice].

PMID- 1095882
TI  - [Reminiscence about activities in an army medical train during the great civil
      war].

PMID- 1095883
TI  - [Role of social organizations in the training of medical personnel during the
      great civil war].

PMID- 1095884
TI  - [The nurse and her role in the war].

PMID- 1095885
TI  - [Effect of vasopressor agents on the vessel wall].

PMID- 1095886
TI  - [In-hospital and ambulatory drug therapy of phlebologic diseases].

PMID- 1095887
TI  - [65th anniversary of Professor Dr. W. Schneider].

PMID- 1095888
TI  - [Computers in medicine. IV. First results].

PMID- 1095889
TI  - Behcet's disease. Report of 41 cases and a review of the literature.
AB  - Several important conclusions may be derived on the basis of our experience with
      Behcet's disease (B.D.) and a review of the literature, namely: 1. B.D. is a
      systemic disease characterized by exacerbations and remissions of unpredictable
      duration, which affects mainly males between the ages of 20 to 30 years. Although
      its incidence is higher in the eastern hemisphere cases presented in all parts of
      the world. 2. The common histopathological lesion of all clinical manifestations
      appears to be a vasculitis. The etiology of B.D. is unknown. A viral etiology has
      been proposed but not confirmed. The presence of autoantibodies and lymphocyte
      sensitization to mucosal antigen has been observed but the precise significance
      of these findings in relation to the pathogenesis of the disease is presently
      undetermined. 3. The clinical manigestations present in most of the patients and
      considered diagnostic for B.D. are oral and genital ulcers, uveitis and skin
      lesions (especially erythema nodosum-like lesions or non-specific skin reactivity
      to needle pricks). The presence of three of the above manifestations are
      obligatory for the diagnosis. The other common clinical manifestations occurring
      in B.D. are: arthritis (44%); thrombophlebitis (24%), and various neurological
      syndromes (18%). Less frequent complications of the disease include: arterial
      thrombosis and aneurysm of both the systemic and pulmonary circulation, colitis,
      epididymitis and orchitis. 4. The serious chronic sequelae of this disease
      consist of blindness in up to 33% of patients with uveitis, vena caval
      obstruction and paralysis of limbs. Mortality, usually caused by
      meningoencephalitis, is rare. 5. The patients may present to different medical
      specialities, e.g., dermatology, gynecology, ophthalmology, neurology and
      internal medicine. To facilitate the correct diagnosis the essential criteria
      should be actively sought as they are not always the cause for medical
      consultation. 6. The diagnosis of B.D. is based only on clinical grounds as there
      are no pathognomonic laboratory or histopathological features. 7. Evaluation of
      treatment in B.D. is difficult, because of the naturally unpredictable course of
      the disease. Many drugs have been tried in the treatment of B.D. including
      antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids, all with equivocal
      effects. Recently several additional treatment schedules have been suggested.
      Immunosuppressive drugs have been shown to have some beneficial effect,
      especially on uveitis. Fresh blood or plasma transfusions may prolong remissions.
      8. The finding of decreased plasma fibrinolytic activity in patients with active
      B.D. represents the first observation of a possible disturbance in the blood
      coagulation mechanism and suggests that the use of fibrinolytic agents may be
      rewarding.

PMID- 1095890
TI  - Capillary basement membrane thickness: a comparison of two morphometric methods
      for its estimation.

PMID- 1095891
TI  - Cutaneous vascular responses in diabetics.

PMID- 1095892
TI  - The dermis fat graft for correction of the eyelid deformity of enophthalmos.

PMID- 1095893
TI  - Martinus Van Marum and the great electrical machine of Haarlem.

PMID- 1095894
TI  - Cardiac pacing with intramyocardial electrodes.

PMID- 1095895
TI  - Editorial: In memory of Alexis Carrel.

PMID- 1095896
TI  - Editorial: Frederic Wood Jones, 1879-1954.

PMID- 1095897
TI  - Editorial: The Royal College of Physicians of London.

PMID- 1095898
TI  - "Spanish 'flu"--1919: political, medical and social aspects.

PMID- 1095899
TI  - The toxic second period of the 1918-1919 influenza panepidemic in Hungary.

PMID- 1095900
TI  - [Blood coagulation in pancreatic diseases].

PMID- 1095901
TI  - [Complications of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1095902
TI  - [Basic principles of cardiotocographic supervision during pregnancy and labor].

PMID- 1095903
TI  - [Phagocytosis of cell wall defective bacteria by human macrophages (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Statistically significant better phagocytosis of spheroplasts was found by
      comparing the rate of phagocytosis of normal and Penicillin-G induced cell wall
      defective bacterial (spheroplasts) by human macrophages in isotonic media using a
      Proteus mirabilis strain as test organism. This provides additional information
      concerning the minor role of cell wall defective bacteria as persisters in
      chronic infections.

PMID- 1095904
TI  - Bacteriophages of Nocardia asteroides.
AB  - 101 Nocardia strains from different species and different sources were examined
      with respect to their lysogeny. 18 phages from 17 Nocardia asteroides strains
      could be isolated, purified, and propagated. All phages were released
      spontaneously. Induction experiments with mitomycin C and UV-rays brought no
      practicale advantages. Using 14 of the 18 phages, 38 of the 101 Nocardia strains
      tested could be grouped into 18 phage patterns. Nearly all of the typable strains
      belonged to the species Nocardia asteroides.

PMID- 1095906
TI  - [The 150th anniversary of the work of hospital in Sremska Mitrovica].

PMID- 1095905
TI  - Proteolytic activity of Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma orale 1.
AB  - Proteolytic activity was found in whole cells and cultural supernatants of
      Mycoplasma salivarium (PG20 and B isolates) and Mycoplasma orale 1 (CH 19299 and
      B isolates). Additionally, the activity was examined in cell membrane soluble
      fractions of PG20 and CH 19299, and detected in them. The level of the activity
      appeared higher in M. salivarium than M. orale 1. And some differences were found
      between these mycoplasmas in the affinity for substrates as a result of
      examination of the activity in cultural supernatants using horse serum, casein
      and bovine albumin as substrates. That is, PG20 had a higher affinity for horse
      serum proteins than casein, while CH 19299 the latter than the former, although
      the lowest affinity for bovine albumin was common to these two strains.

PMID- 1095907
TI  - [Congenital purulent meningitis].

PMID- 1095909
TI  - Editorial: Factors determining early kidney function.

PMID- 1095908
TI  - [Case of cortical congenital hyperostosis (Caffey-Silverman syndrome)].

PMID- 1095910
TI  - Influence of thiols on inhibition of ribonucleic acid synthesis in vitro by a 1
      nitro-9-aminoalkylacridine derivative, C-283.

PMID- 1095911
TI  - Structural aspects of the milk clotting process. Comparative features with the
      blood clotting process.
AB  - The enzyme chymosin and its substrate, a casein fraction called k-casein, are
      involved in the milk clotting process. Recent data concerning the structure
      (peptide and sugar moieties) of various k-caseins and their role in casein
      micelles formation and stabilization are presented. The molecular events
      occurring during the primary phase of chymosin action on k-casein are discussed.
      Finally some structural features concerning more particularly the
      caseinoglycopeptides and the fibrinopeptides as well as the action of chymosin
      and thrombin involved in the milk and blood clotting processes are compared.
      Three examples of sequences of portions of k-caseins and fibrinogen presenting
      homology are presented.

PMID- 1095913
TI  - Induction and mutagenesis of prophage lambda in Escherichia coli K12 by
      metabolites of aflatoxin B1.
AB  - Like most carcinogens, aflatoxin B1 must be activated by mammalian microsomal
      enzymes to give rise to coupounds active on bacteria. These compounds act as
      inducers of E. coli K12 (lambda) at a high efficiency, whereas unmodified
      aflatoxin B1 has no effect. Moreover, metabolites of aflatoxin B1 have a
      mutagenic action on phage lambda, as shown by the appearance of clear plaque
      mutants. We propose the hypothesis that the same derivative is responsible for
      carcinogenesis of liver cells by aflatoxin B1. Therefore, our system provides a
      simple way of measuring in vitro, in the same assay, the mutagenic and inducing
      activities of compounds to which the cells are permeable, thereby detecting
      potentially carcinogenic agents.

PMID- 1095914
TI  - An evaluation of the micronuclei test using triethylenemelamine,
      trimethylphosphate, hycanthone and niridazole.
AB  - To determine the feasibility of the micronuclei procedure for cytogenetic
      studies, a comparatively weak chromosome breaking agent, trimethylphosphate (TMP)
      and the potent alkylating agent, triethylenemelamine (TEM) were evaluated. The
      procedure followed was that of Matter and Schmid with the following
      modifications: (a) direct flushing of bone marrow with 0.2 ml calf fetal serum.
      (b) air drying slides for a period of only I h, and (c) the use of pH 6.0
      phosphate buffer to dilute both Wright and Giemsa stains. With this technique a
      dose response curve was generated for both TMP and TEM, using mice as the
      experimental animal. With TMP, a doubling over background was found when a
      concentration of 0.5 g/kg per day for five days was administered. To establish a
      statistically significant doubling dose over the control, a minimum of five
      animals must be used with 2000 polychromatic cells being analyzed per animal. Of
      the two antischistosomal agents tested, hycanthone yielded an increase of 20-fold
      in the number of micronuclei over control at 40 mg/kg administered i.p. for five
      days, while with niridazole no increase in micronuclei at several concentrations
      tested both by single and multiple injection was found. The results obtained with
      these compounds compare favorably with what has been reported for the standard in
      vivo metaphase analysis.

PMID- 1095915
TI  - Evidence that caffeine, 8-methoxypsoralen and steroidal diamines are frameshift
      mutagens for E. coli K-12.

PMID- 1095916
TI  - Picrolonic acid: a novel frameshift mutagen.

PMID- 1095912
TI  - Cell walls of Mycobacteria and related organisms; chemistry and immunostimulant
      properties.

PMID- 1095917
TI  - The effect of low concentrations of ozone on Escherichia coli chromosome.

PMID- 1095918
TI  - Mutagenicity testing with Salmonella typhimurium strains. I. Unusual phenotypes
      of the tester strains.
AB  - Some of the Salmonella typhimurium strains in mutagenesis testing are atypical.
      Unlike the wild S. typhimurium these do not produce H-2-S, are not agglutinated
      by S. typhimurium typing sera and on fermentation of carbohydrates they do not
      produce gas. Thus these tester strains cannot readily be identified as S.
      typhimurium by standard laboratory procedures. This may cause a problem in the
      differentiation of tester strains from bacterial contaminants. The possibility
      exits that these phenotypic traits may affect the response of the strains to
      mutagens.

PMID- 1095919
TI  - Protein synthesis and the recovery of both survival and cytoplasmic "petite"
      mutation in ultraviolet-treated yeast cells. I. Nuclear-directed protein
      synthesis.
AB  - The contribution of nuclear-directed protein synthesis in the repair of lethal
      and mitochondrial genetic damage after UV-irradiation of exponential and
      stationary phage haploid yeast cells was examined. This was carried out using
      cycloheximide (CH), a specific inhibitor of nuclear protein synthesis. It appears
      that nuclear protein synthesis is required for the increase in survival seen
      after the liquid holding of cells at both stages, as well as for the "petite"
      recovery seen after the liquid holding of exponential phase cells. The
      characteristic negative liquid holding effect observed for the UV induction of
      "petites" in stationary phase cells (increase of the frequency of "petites"
      during storage) remained following all the treatments which inhibited nuclear
      protein synthesis. However, the application of photoreactivating light following
      dark holding with cycloheximide indicates that some steps of the repair of both
      nuclear and mitochondrial damage are performed in the absence of a synthesis of
      proteins.

PMID- 1095920
TI  - Protein synthesis and the recovery of both survival and cytoplasmic "petite"
      mutation in ultraviolet-treated yeast cells. II. Mitochondrial protein synthesis.
AB  - The contribution of mitochondrial proteins in the repair of UV-induced lethal and
      cytoplasmic genetic damages was studied in dark liquid held exponential and
      stationary phase yeast cells. This was performed by using the specific
      inhibitors, erythromycin (ER) anc chloramphenicol (CAP). It was shown that
      mitochondrial proteins are involved in the recovery of stationary phase cells.
      Mitochondrial proteins are partly implicated in the mechanisms leading to the
      restoration of the (see article) genotype in UV-irradiated dark liquid held
      exponential phase cells. Here again, in stationary phase cells, mitochondrial
      enzymes do not seem to participate in the negative liquid holding (NLH) process
      for the (see article) induction, as shown by inhibiting mitochondrial protein
      synthesis or both mitochondrial and nuclear protein synthesis. When cells are
      grown in glycerol, the response after dark liquid holding of UV-treated cells in
      the different growth stages are similar to that found for glucose-grown cells. In
      other words, the fate of cytoplasmic genetic damage, in particular, is not
      correlated with the repressed or derepressed state of the mitochondria.

PMID- 1095921
TI  - Host-mediated assay with yeast and rats using probenecid (Benemid) to block the
      renal tubular excretion of cyclophosphamide metabolites.
AB  - The genetic activity of cyclophosphamide (Cy) was tested in the host-mediated
      assay (injection of yeasts into the peritoneal cavity of rats) modified by the
      use of probenecid (Pro) (Benemid) to block the renal tubular excretion of the
      genetically active metabolites. The genetic test system used was the induction of
      mitotic gene conversion in two unliked loci of a diploid strain of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. By this method the genetic effect of By was doubled in comparison
      with the case of administering Cy alone. Compared with the animals which received
      only Pro, increases of conversion frequencies of 20 times in the ade2 locus and
      of 15 times in the trp5 locus were found.

PMID- 1095922
TI  - Testing the mutagenic potency of chemical substances in a linear host-mediated
      assay. I. Experimental microbiological basis.
AB  - By the use of the mutagenic substance hydrazine sulphate it is shown that the
      currently used single determination method for determining point mutations in
      host-mediated assays with calculation of mutation frequencies can lead to
      erroneous results. The microbiological basis for a linear-method is presented in
      which the population growth of the auxotrophic and substance-induced mutants used
      int he test can be described mathematically during their logarithmic growth phase
      with regression lines.

PMID- 1095923
TI  - Umbra limi: a model for the study of chromosome aberrations in fishes.
AB  - Due to the lack of information available on the effect of various clastogenic
      agents on the chromosomes of fishes, an in vivo cytogenetics model system was
      developed. The central mudminnow, Umbra limi, was chosen fro this study because
      of its ideal karyotype consisting of 22 large meta- and submetacentric
      chromosomes. Various organs of the fish were investigated to determine their
      suitability for chromosome preparations. The tissues of the intestines, stomach,
      kidneys, and gills were found to be the most suitable for clastogenic studies.
      Phase contrast observations were made on the chromosomes of control mudminnows
      and mudminnows exposed to 325 R of X-radiation. The control rate of spontaneous
      chromosome aberrations was found to be low (about 0.03%). In contrast, fish
      exposed to 325 R of X-rays had aberrations in approximately 30% of the metaphases
      per fish examined. An apparent increase in clumping and a decrease in the mitotic
      index were also noted. It was concluded that the chromosomes of Umbra limi
      displayed typical responses to low level radiation exposure and that this fish
      would be an ideal cytogenetics model for this study of induced chromosome
      aberrations in fishes.

PMID- 1095925
TI  - [Immunological reactions caused by Candida albicans].

PMID- 1095924
TI  - The mutagenicity of saccharin.
AB  - Seventeen different reports are available dealing with the mutagenic effects of
      saccharin. Many of these are short abstracts, carrying incomplete information.
      Mainly tested as its sodium salt, saccharin has been found to be weakly mutagenic
      in Salmonella at very high doses, in Drosophila at moderate doses, and in mice at
      moderate to high doses. The compound is a weak chromosome breaker in onion root
      tips and in Chinese hamster cells. For most of these, and for other test systems
      as well, a number of doubtful or negative results have also been reported.
      Altogether the evidence for chromosome-breaking properties is stronger than for
      the induction of point mutations. The overall picture is too conflicting and
      equivocal to classify saccharin as a proven mutagen. It is suggested that the
      observed contradictions might be related to the occurrence of varying amounts of
      impurities.

PMID- 1095926
TI  - [Tissue morphology of the causative agents of visceral mycoses. Studies of
      polysaccharide and protein histochemistry. (6. Rhinosporidium seeberi and
      Emmonsia crescens)].

PMID- 1095927
TI  - [Candida albicans meningitis in infancy].

PMID- 1095928
TI  - Factors affecting experimental infection with Cryptococcus neoformans in mice
      with special reference to an endotoxic substance of C. neoformans.
AB  - A close correlation was observed between body weight and length of the survival
      time of mice inoculated intravenously (i.v.) with Cryptococcus neoformans (p less
      than 0.001). An endotoxic substance of C. neoformans (Cr-ET) increased the
      susceptibility of mice to i.v. infection of C. neoformans only when more than 50
      mug of Cr-ET was injected i.v. 24 hours before infection. Intraperitoneal (i.p.)
      administration of dimethyl sulfoxide which is found to enhance bacterial
      infection did not enhance death rate of mice infected i.p. with C. neoformans.

PMID- 1095929
TI  - [Antibiosis shown by a strain of Byssochlamys nivea Westling, 1909. III.
      Chromatographic characteristics and isolation of the active fraction].
AB  - Early papers revealed that culture filtrate of Byssochlamys nivea has antibiotic
      properties. Active filtrate of B. nivea is extracted with ethyl acetate. Paper
      chromatography is carried out on Whatman no. 1; thin-layer chromatography is
      carried out on Kieselgel; visualization with bioautographic technique reveals a
      single spot. Ethyl acetate extract is passed through silicic acid-celite column.
      Each isolated fraction is tested for antibiotic activity. Only one supports this
      activity; a crystallized matter, melting point 109-110 degrees C, thermostable,
      is obtained.

PMID- 1095930
TI  - Proximity of deoxyadenylic-thymidylic acid clusters to origin of DNA replication
      in E. coli 15T- cells.

PMID- 1095931
TI  - Kinky helix.

PMID- 1095932
TI  - Isolation of histone genes from unfractionated sea urchin DNA by subculture
      cloning in E. coli.
AB  - Histone genes have been cloned selectively in Escherichia coli directly from
      unfractionated sea urchin DNA using labelled mRNA probe. The cloning method used
      is potentially applicable for isolating any genetic sequence for which a probe is
      available. The several eukaryotic gene fragments introduced into bacteria by this
      method collectively contain all or nearly all of the DNA sequences represented in
      histone mRNA.

PMID- 1095933
TI  - BCG suppresses growth and metastasis of hydatid infections.

PMID- 1095934
TI  - Signal-to-noise ratio of electron micrographs obtained by cross correlation.

PMID- 1095936
TI  - Proceedings: Quantification of isoproterenol-induced myocardial necroses and the
      protective effect of calcium-antagonistic compounds by point counting.

PMID- 1095935
TI  - Relation between the amount of smooth muscle of venous tissue and the degree of
      supersensitivity to isoprenaline caused by inhibition of catechol-O-methyl
      transferase.
AB  - The relation between the smooth muscle cell mass of dog saphenous vein strips and
      the degree of supersensitivity to isoprenaline caused by U-0521 (3,4-dihydroxy-2
      methyl propiophenone), an inhibitor of the catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT),
      was studied. For the quantitative determination of smooth muscle mass, the
      thickness of the muscle layer as determined by light microscopy and the maximal
      shortening induced by supramaximal concentration of phenylephrine were used.
      After the strips had been contracted by 3x10-6M phenylephrine, a concentration
      which was able to produce an about 90% maximal contraction, dose-response curves
      to the relaxant effect of isoprenaline were determined in the absence and in the
      presence of U-0521 (10-4M). It was observed that U-0521 caused marked
      supersensitivity to the relaxant effect of isoprenaline (varying between 3 and 81
      times), as well as an increase of the  maximal relaxation caused by this amine
      (varying between 7 and 120%). The correlation between these data and the smooth
      muscle cell mass shows that there was a direct proportionality between these
      parameters. Oxytetracycline (10-4M), an inhibitor of binding of catecholamines to
      collagen, did not produce any enhancement of the effects of isoprenaline. It is
      concluded that COMT is related to smooth muscle cells in this tissue.

PMID- 1095937
TI  - Proceedings: Inhibition of insulin release by cyproheptadine in vitro.

PMID- 1095938
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of psychic stress on the intestinal absorption of
      methylsulfadiazin.

PMID- 1095939
TI  - Shigella outbreak in Amos Cottage, hospital for retarded children.

PMID- 1095940
TI  - [Free skin transplantation].

PMID- 1095941
TI  - [Treatment of patients with burns].

PMID- 1095942
TI  - [Wrist arthrodesis: indication and results].

PMID- 1095943
TI  - [Screening for bacteriuria in pregnant women].

PMID- 1095944
TI  - [Letter: Midline episiotomy with pre-placed sutures without risk of total
      rupture].

PMID- 1095945
TI  - [Letter: Risk of contamination in vacuum blood sampling systems].

PMID- 1095946
TI  - [Autopsy in the middle ages].

PMID- 1095947
TI  - The Collegium privatum Amstelodamense (1664-1673).

PMID- 1095948
TI  - [From the history of Orthopedics. II. The orthopedic seaside spa Scheveningen].

PMID- 1095950
TI  - A half-century in the life of a woman physician.

PMID- 1095949
TI  - [A patient with stenosis of the small intestine].

PMID- 1095951
TI  - Measurement of plasma and hypothalamic luteinizing hormon-releasing hormone in
      pregnant mare serum-induced ovulating immature rats.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) is described
      which is capable of detecting LH-RH in plasma and brain tissues. Fluctuations in
      plasma and hypothalamic LH-RH as well as plasma LH were measured in immature
      female rats in which ovulation was induced by a single injection of pregnant mare
      serum (PMS). High plasma levels of LH-RH were found 47-49 h after the initial
      injection of PMS, coincident with high plasma LH concentrations. However plasma
      LH-RH levels were considerably lower at 55-57 h post-PMS, when plasma LH levels
      were elevated. Hypothalamic LH-RH content could not be correlated with either
      plasma LH-RH or LH levels.

PMID- 1095952
TI  - Prostaglandin E2-induced release of luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF).
AB  - Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) injected into the third ventricle (3rd V) of conscious
      ovariectomized rats bearing a permanent jugular cannula increased the percentage
      of plasma samples showing detectable immunoassayable LRF levels at 1, 3 and 5 min
      after injection. This percentage was small at 2 and 4 min. When plasma LRF and LH
      titers were measured in animals injected intraventicularly with PGE2 and
      decapitated 5 min later, both LRF and LH were significantly higher than control
      values of diluent-injected animals. These results indicate that PGE2 is acting on
      the hypothalamus to induce release of LRF sufficient in mangitude to be detected
      by measuring this neurohormone directly in peripheral plasma.

PMID- 1095953
TI  - Modification of brain and CSF LH-RH following deafferentation.
AB  - The effect of hypothalamic deafferentation upon levels of LH-RH in brain,
      cerebrospinal fluid, and plasma was studied in adult male rats. Deafferentation
      produced a significant increase in the LH-RH concentration of third ventricular
      CSF (from 140.6 to 343.9 pg/microl), while there was no change in median eminence
      or hypothalamic content. LH-RH in the pineal gland and the posterior pituitary
      was also elevated by hypothalamic isolation.

PMID- 1095954
TI  - HMOs, competition, and government.
AB  - This article considers the role of three sets of forces affecting the development
      of health maintenance organizations (HMOs) during the early 1970s: legal
      restrictions, market conditions, and the federal government's policy stance. Our
      review of the evidence suggests that the rapid increase in the number of HMOs
      during this period was primarily due to favorable market conditions in certain
      areas of the country combined with a highly encouraging federal policy toward
      HMOs. Legal restrictions do not appear to have been as serious a barrier to HMO
      development as was earlier believed. In 1973-74, major new legislation was
      enacted at both the federal and state levels, ostensibly to encourage HMO
      development. Our review of this legislation suggests that, while it removes many
      of the old legal requirements which apparently were not serious barriers to HMO
      development, the new legislation imposes a host of new conditions and
      requirements on HMO participation in the health care marketplace. Ironically,
      some of these new features may impede the operation of the very market forces
      which encouraged the earlier HMO growth.

PMID- 1095955
TI  - The effects of prepayment on access to medical care: the PACC experience.
AB  - The data reported herein are taken from a larger study in which a prepaid medical
      foundation was compared with a non-prepaid free-for-service system on a number of
      factors pertaining to how health care is perceived by both Medicaid recipients
      and physicians. The data to be presented are confined to the issue of the impact
      of prepayment on Medicaid recipients' perceptions of their access to health care.
      Two sets of questions are explored. The first set bears directly on the issue of
      gaining access to care. The second set addresses the issue of the acceptability
      of the services received. Few differences were observed between the systems in
      either accessibility or acceptability. Thus, the fears of some critics of the HMO
      concept with respect to prepayment creating incentives for the denial of services
      are not supported by the data. It is concluded that the organizational features
      of medical practice which affect access are actually quite similar in the two
      systems.

PMID- 1095956
TI  - [Clinical trial of a new vasoactive drug F.I. 6714 administered intra-arterially
      in peripheral vascular diseases].

PMID- 1095957
TI  - [New chapter in the heart surgery: semi-heart-graft (or semifunctionary heart
      graft].

PMID- 1095958
TI  - [The importance of pyridinolcarbamate and clofibrate association in the treatment
      of arteriosclerosis].

PMID- 1095959
TI  - [Influence of a thymus extract on the immunological response to allogenic skin
      grafts in rabbits].

PMID- 1095960
TI  - [Some elective procedures for cranioplasty].
AB  - The literature methods for cranioplasty in the repair of losses of bone substance
      are described. Autologous bone grafts from the iliac ala or the ribs are used at
      the Turin University Reconstructive Plastic Surgery Department. A method using
      solid silicone is also employed and will be discussed in greater detail in a
      subsequent paper. Three illustrative cases are presented.

PMID- 1095961
TI  - [Aspects of humoral immunity in ulcerous colitis].
AB  - Various immunological indices, hitherto considered in isolation, were evaluated
      in a single group of 20 cases of ulcerous colitis. Immunofluorescence showed
      anticolon Ab in 3 cases (15%), whereas this features was absent in a control
      group. Antistomach, antithyroid and non-organ-specific Ab's (ANA, AMA, SMA) were
      equally incident in both groups. One caso is examined separately on account of
      its simultaneous presentation of human and rat antistomach and antithyroid and
      antismooth muscle Ab's. Reuma test, Waaler Roose reaction, L.E. phenomenon and
      test, and direct and indirect Coombs test results were negative in nearly all
      cases. Slight quantitative changes in serum proteins revealed by electrophoresis
      and immunodiffusion were indicative of inflammation with an immunitary tendency.
      The data are not sufficient to support the attribution of an autoimmunitary
      aetiology to ulcerous colitis, though simultaneous evaluation of reaction indices
      serves to strengthen this view.

PMID- 1095962
TI  - [S-Adenosylmethionine: plasma levels in hepatic cirrhosis and preliminary results
      of its clinical use in hepatology. Double-blind study].
AB  - Since S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) plasma levels are highly reduced in cirrhotic
      patients, this, showing that a more or less overt deficiency of SAMe-dependent
      biological transmethylations does exist in the hepatocyte pathology, mostley
      affecting the albuminopoyesis. Treatment with 15 mg SAMe i.v. or i.m.
      administered four times a day for 30 days' period, induced in 15 patients with
      hepatic cirrhosis a statistically significant improvement of the afore mentioned
      livel cell function, albuminopoyesis: a significant improvement was also observed
      in the other biohumoral parameters considered to test hepatic function.
      Administration of equimolecular (with respect to SAMe) doses of L-methionine and
      ATP to a group of 15 cirrhotic patients under clinical conditions similar to
      those of the group previously studied, induced none of the modifications observed
      in the latter. This proved that the therapeutic effects are due only to S
      adenosylmethionine.

PMID- 1095963
TI  - [Relations between protidopoiesis and biological transmethylations: action of S
      adenosylmethionine on protein crasis in chronic hepatopathies].
AB  - After a diffuse introductory discussion on S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase
      activity, the results of an experimental trial carried out on 70 hospitalized
      patients with chronic hepatitis either persistent or aggressive, and with hepatic
      cirrhosis at various degrees, are reported. A first group of patients was treated
      with SAMe (S-adenosylmethionine) intravenously administered for 20 days at two
      daily doses of 15 mg. The second group was instead-receiving, still by i.v.
      route, 20 mg of fructose-1-6-diphosphage sodium salt, as a drug for comparison
      given twice a day at the doses of 2.5 over a 20 days' period. The protidemia
      picture and in particular the albuminic fraction, generally altered in all the
      cases under study, have been rapidly and significantly restored only in the group
      of patients treated with SAMe this indicating the efficacy of this molecule on
      the liver function.

PMID- 1095964
TI  - [Double-blind polycentric study of the action of S-adenosylmethionine in hepatic
      cirrhosis].
AB  - Two comparable groups of patients with hepatic cirrhosis of different genesis in
      a compensation phase have been treated for 30 days with S-adenosylmethionine and
      vitamine B-12 (28 cases) or with vitamine B-12 alone (25 cases). The drugs were
      given by slow intravenous route at the daily dose of 150 mg of SAMe and 2000
      gamma of vit. B-12 or of 2000 gamma of vit. B-12 alone, in two adminstrations. An
      evaluation of the results was carried out mostly on the laboratory data testing
      the liver function. Only the group of patients who had received SAMe showed
      significant modifications of all the parameters considered. This is confirming
      SAMe ability to restore hepatocyte activity bringing also to normal the protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 1095965
TI  - [Double-blind studies of the therapeutic action of S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) in
      oral administration, in liver cirrhosis and other chronic hepatitides].
AB  - Six oral administrations per day of 30 mg S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) for 30
      days, in addition to 6000 gamma/day of Vitamine B12 induced marked improvements
      of biochemical parameters in 20 patients with hepatic cirrhosis or various
      chronic hepatites. Particularly, the protidemia, bilirubinemia and radial
      immunodiffusion have shown the highest favorable drug responses. These
      improvements were still lasting and even further increasing 30 days after the end
      of therapy. In another group of patients with similar diagnosis and under
      clinical conditions comparable to the previous group of twenty, the
      administration of Vitamine B12 alone, in the same doses as above, has not induced
      any alteration in the biochemical parameters.

PMID- 1095966
TI  - [Potentiation of the antiviral activity of daunomycin by desmethylimipramine].

PMID- 1095967
TI  - The journal of State Medicine. Volume XX: 341-368, 1912. The etiology of the
      deficiency diseases, Beri-beri, polyneuritis in birds, epidemic dropsy, scurvy,
      experimental scurvy in animals, infantile scurvy, ship beri-beri, pellagra.

PMID- 1095968
TI  - Malnutrition, salivary volume and protein concentration.

PMID- 1095969
TI  - Adaptation to low protein intakes.

PMID- 1095970
TI  - The inhibition of cellular uptake of folate by folic acid-binding protein.

PMID- 1095971
TI  - Bisulfite toxicity in molybdenum-deficient rats.

PMID- 1095972
TI  - Copper metabolism in the steely-hair syndrome.

PMID- 1095973
TI  - The influence of dietary fat on the composition of the body fat of infants.

PMID- 1095974
TI  - Absorption of extrinsic and intrinsic iron labels.

PMID- 1095975
TI  - The Journal of Nutrition. Volume 18 July--December, 1939. Pages 1--13. Retarded
      growth, life span, ultimate body size and age changes in the albino rat after
      feeding diets restricted in calories.

PMID- 1095976
TI  - Role of juxtagolmerular apparatus in renal allograft rejection.

PMID- 1095977
TI  - Medical terms in Halliwell's dictionary and Nares's glossary.

PMID- 1095978
TI  - Holes in the head.

PMID- 1095980
TI  - William Horatio Bates, M.D., and the Bates method of eye exercises.

PMID- 1095979
TI  - St. Vitus' dance and rheumatic disease.

PMID- 1095981
TI  - Diarrhoea: a traveller's tale.
AB  - Travellers' diarrhoea is a result of travelling overseas. Proper diagnosis can
      only be made when a full microbiological investigation is carried. A case due to
      Shigella flexneri is described.

PMID- 1095982
TI  - Obituary: Jean Mary Sandel.

PMID- 1095983
TI  - Odontophilately.

PMID- 1095984
TI  - Structure and function of the amnion.

PMID- 1095985
TI  - Applied physiology of the uterine tube.

PMID- 1095986
TI  - Obstetricians and perinatology.

PMID- 1095987
TI  - Perinatal aspects of bilirubin metabolism.
AB  - Study of bilirubin metabolism in the fetus and newborn continues to reveal new
      insights into fetal physiology and maternal-fetal-neonatal relationships.
      Therapeutic advances directed toward prevention as well as treatment of
      hyperbilirubinemia continue to expand our understanding of both the basic
      metabolic pathways and previously unsuspected interplay between host and
      environment. Seemingly insignificant alterations in temperature, oxygen,
      carbohydrate, or light itself have been shown to affect the delicate balances in
      bilirubin metabolism. Similar impact upon other developing systems undoubtedly
      occur. Those who accept responsibility for the care of the fetus and newborn must
      recognize that all we do and all we fail to do in their care has a much greater
      potential for affecting the quality of life than at any other time.

PMID- 1095988
TI  - The sudden infant death syndrome.

PMID- 1095989
TI  - Principles of adolescent gynecology.
AB  - Most of the gynecologic problems presented by adolescent girls are dysfunctional.
      They include, in order of frequency: dysfunctional uterine bleeding,
      dysmenorrhea, and amenorrhea. Leukorrhea is also very likely to be dysfunctional,
      in that in many cases it is not a true vaginal discharge but an increase in
      vaginal secretion. For the most part, gynecologic disorders in adolescent girls
      are diagnosed and treated in the same fashion as similar conditions in adult
      women. Genital tumors are managed in accordance with accepted gynecologic
      principles. Inasmuch as the gynecologic disorders encountered in adolescent
      patients are similar to comparable ones in adult women, these problems properly
      belong in the realm of the gynecologist, who is best equipped to diagnose and
      treat them.

PMID- 1095990
TI  - Transexual surgery.

PMID- 1095991
TI  - Cryosurgery.

PMID- 1095992
TI  - Urologic injuries.
AB  - Urologic injury during pelvic surgery is primarily a matter of prevention; should
      it occur, however, prompt recognition and appropriate management are essential.
      Basic principles are applicable, whether the operation has been performed via the
      abdominal or the vaginal route. Conditions such as endometriosis, infection,
      previous operation, and tumor distortion increase the likelihood of damage to the
      urinary tract. Difficult dissection may easily damage the urethra, bladder, or
      ureters. Preliminary information as to the position of the ureters and bladder
      will alert the surgeon. Exacting identification of the ureter and bladder is
      necessary prior to the use of clamps, sutures, or incision. The next most
      important factor is recognition of such injury. Whenever the possibility exists,
      it must be promptly and definitively delineated. Injury to the urethra, bladder,
      or ureters, when recognized and appropriately repaired, is unlikely to cause
      subsequent complications. Good surgical techniques, adequate and accurate
      hemostasis, prevention or treatment of infection, drainage of the operative site,
      and splinting and resting of the organ are necessary. It is the unrecognized and
      unrepaired urologic injury that increases the chances of immediate and delayed
      complications. Peritonitis, infection, stricture, fistula, hydronephrosis, and
      renal damage as well as death may occur even if the patient survives the
      immediate postoperative complications. It is important in such instances that the
      error not be compounded by rash attempts at additional surgical procedures at an
      operative site where there is maximal tissue reaction. General supportive
      measures with drainage of the urinary tract to preserve renal function are all
      that should be done. It is likewise important that the surgeon not be rushed into
      an early attempt to correct the resultant fistula. Adequate time must be allowed
      for the tissues to heal so that the subsequent repair may be carried out
      successfully and without further complications.

PMID- 1095993
TI  - Fetal lipid metabolism.

PMID- 1095994
TI  - Circulatory adjustments at birth.

PMID- 1095995
TI  - Effect of LHRH stimulation in anovulatory women.
AB  - Serum FSH and LH and levels were determined at different time intervals after the
      subcutaneous administration of 100 mug LHRH to 24 females. Serum FSH levels were
      of the same order in the oligomenorrhea-amenorrhea  and the Stein-Leventhal group
      of patients but elevated in gonadal failure. There was a great degree of overlap
      between serum LH values in the three groups. Gondal failure patients, however,
      could be distinguished from the other  two groups because these patients had an
      elevation of both serum FSH and LH, and the response to LHRH was considereably
      exaggerated in comparison to the other two groups.

PMID- 1095996
TI  - Postmenopausal symptomatology, maturation index, and plasma estrogen levels.
AB  - An attempt to correlate postmenopausal symptoms with the vaginal maturation index
      and plasma levels of estrogen was made in a group of patients with surgical
      menopause. The group was followed up monthly for 6 months in a double-blind study
      during which the patients received equine esterified estrogen and synthetic
      esterfield estrogens. No statistical difference in plasma levels of estrogen was 
      found between the group of patients with symptoms and the patients without
      symptoms, with or without estrogen therapy. There was no correlation of the
      maturation index with the presence or absence of symptoms or  with the estrogen
      plasma levels.

PMID- 1095998
TI  - A look at history--our medical heritage.

PMID- 1095997
TI  - A new approach for treatment of vesicovaginal fistula.

PMID- 1095999
TI  - A look at history -- our medical heritage.

PMID- 1096000
TI  - [Therapeutic lamellar transplantation according to V.P. Filatov's method with the
      use of dehydrated cornea and fixation of the transplant with the glue].

PMID- 1096001
TI  - [Transfer of skin flap of the upper eyelid onto the lower eyelid for correction
      of paralytic lagophthalmos].

PMID- 1096002
TI  - [Chirkovskii Vasilii Vasil'evich (1875-1975) (on the centenary of his birth)].

PMID- 1096003
TI  - Yeasts in banal external ocular inflammations.
AB  - In 53 out of 313 patients suffering from longstanding inflammations of the outer
      eye or dacryocanaliculitis, not yielding to the obligate treatment with
      antibiotics and steroids, yeasts were isolated and regarded as the causative
      agents. Among the yeasts, different Candida species were prevalent, with C.
      albicans and C. guillermondii at the top. An obstinate, superificial epithelial
      and subepithelial punctate keratitis appeared to represent an entity
      pathognomonic of a yeast infection. Eradication of the yeasts and cure of the
      inflammation was achieved only by intensive prolonged treatment with Mycostatin
      or amphotericin B.

PMID- 1096004
TI  - Lymphoproliferative disease of the hard palate: a clinicopathologic entity. A
      study of twenty-one cases.
AB  - Twenty-one cases of a lymphoproliferative disorder believed to represent a
      clinico-pathologic entity were studied. These lesions, which appeared on the hard
      palate, occurred in elderly men and women with an average age of 70 years. The
      lesions presented as soft, fluctuant swellings which were occasionally bilateral,
      ulcerated, or discolored. Microscopically, the lesions were classified as
      lymphocytic lymphomas; eight were diffuse and well differentiated, seven were
      nodular and well differentiated, and six were diffuse and poorly differentiated.
      All lesions were characterized by a tendency of the lymphocytes to show nuclear
      fragility. Accessory salivary gland involvement was common, this being
      characterized by acinar obliteration to varying degrees and by periductal
      hyalinization of collagen. Determinate follow-up of fourteen patients disclosed
      that eight died of disseminated lymphoma, three are alive with disease, and three
      are free of disease after treatment with radiation and/or chemotherapy.
      Lymphoproliferative lesions in this location are believed to be malignant or
      potentially malignant processes.

PMID- 1096005
TI  - [Posterior osteoplastic fixation in osteochondrosis of the thoracic segment of
      the spine].

PMID- 1096006
TI  - ["Rough" osteo-periosteal decortication in surgical lengthening of the shortened
      lower limb].

PMID- 1096007
TI  - [Metal osteosynthesis in the treatment of pseudarthroses of the long tubular
      bones].

PMID- 1096008
TI  - [Alloplasty in habitual dislocation of the patella].

PMID- 1096009
TI  - [Bacteriological criteria of readiness of the stumps with wound surface for
      reconstructive operations].

PMID- 1096010
TI  - [Osteoporosis in clinical practice].

PMID- 1096011
TI  - [Results of partial substitution of vertebral bodies after injuries].

PMID- 1096012
TI  - [Joint homotransplantation into the Filatov flap under experimental conditions].

PMID- 1096013
TI  - Characteristics of reconstruction of bone homotransplants fixed according to the
      "lock-fork" type.

PMID- 1096014
TI  - [Prognostic value of cytological characteristics of the burn wound prior to
      autodermoplasty].

PMID- 1096015
TI  - [Kiel bone: Method of production and evaluation of bioplastic properties].

PMID- 1096016
TI  - [Outcome of the treatment of the wounded of the G.K. Zhukov Partisan Unit in
      Ukraine].

PMID- 1096017
TI  - [Friedrich Voelcker, pioneer of modern urologic diagnosis].

PMID- 1096018
TI  - [W. L. Mauthner, Viennese pediatrician, born in Gyor].

PMID- 1096019
TI  - [The "Orvosi Heti Szemle", periodical of Nandor Flesch].

PMID- 1096020
TI  - [A code system for the objective formulation of findings by thyroid
      scintigraphy].

PMID- 1096021
TI  - [30 years of the development of industrial medicine in Hungary].

PMID- 1096022
TI  - [Therapeutic trends in internal medicine at the beginning of the 20th century].

PMID- 1096024
TI  - [The "Sebeszeti Almanach" of Ignac Pap].

PMID- 1096023
TI  - [Reflexions of the myth around Crown-Prince Rudolf in the psychopathology of the
      age of the Hapsburg Monarchy].

PMID- 1096025
TI  - [An instructive chapter in the history of medical publishing (the 100 year-old
      Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift)].

PMID- 1096026
TI  - [One hundredth anniversary of the 1st laryngectomy].

PMID- 1096027
TI  - Kidney donation-pressing need in end stage renal failure.

PMID- 1096028
TI  - The effect of splenectomy on tumor immunity and the metastatic spread of a murine
      reticulum cell sarcoma.

PMID- 1096029
TI  - [A histologic study of Ceratophyllus consimilis Wagn. fleas infected by the agent
      of murine typhus (Salmonella typhimurium)].
AB  - Histological studies of C. consimilis infected with S. typhimurium have shown
      that the microbes are preserves along the whole extent of the alimentary canal,
      expecially in the midgut and pyloric portion. Bacteria are concentrated in the
      gastral cavity; in addition, they were found to penetrate the alimentary
      epithelium cells and pyloric valve tissue. The number of microbes and their
      distribution in the intestine undergo great variations that depends largely on
      the insects feeding rhythm. During bloodsucking a "lavenment" of the alimantary
      canal takes place; as a result, numerous microbes accumulated here are
      periodically excreted outside. The infection with Salmonella typhimurium is often
      accompanied by pathological changes in fleas tht is expressed in the destruction
      of the midgut epithelium and pyloric valve tissue.

PMID- 1096030
TI  - [In memory of Professor Aleksandr Samoilovich Monchadskii (1897--1974)].

PMID- 1096031
TI  - Induced hypervitaminemia A test and its standards in adults.
AB  - Oral administration of large doses of vitamin A permits one to study pos-prandial
      lipemia. Thanks to a new fluorescimetric and automatic method, estimation of
      vitamin A is now much easier than formerly. The normal results of the oral
      vitamin A tolerance test are evaluated with this new method and compared with
      those given by the previous method.

PMID- 1096032
TI  - [Origin, nature, role and fate of prostaglandins liberated during the expansion
      of intravascular space in the anesthetized rat].
AB  - In experiments in which blood was cross-circulating in rats, the blood pressure
      of the recipient dropped while that of the donor rose, following the increase of
      the circulating blood volume, produced by infusion either of saline or blood. The
      phenomenon was almost imperceptible when binephrectomized animals were used. In
      experiments in which the blood-bathed organ technique was used, prostaglandin
      like substances were detected, released during the rise of the blood pressure,
      produced by the same stimulus (the expansion), in anaesthetized rats. A
      significant difference was found between the prostaglandin-like substances
      detected using the blood-bathed organ technique, in normal rats (5.387 ng per ml
      of blood plus or minus 0.288 = SEM) and those detected in binephrectomized rats
      (3.202 ng per ml of blood plus or minus 0.330, p smaller than 0.025). The
      biologically active substances detected in 25 ml of blood collected during
      expansion, while the assay organs showed a prostaglandin-like activity, were
      found to have the chromatographic behaviour and the bioassay properties of PGA,
      PGE and PGF series. A great quantity of the biologically active substances,
      having the chromatographic behaviour and the bioassay properties of PGA, PGS and
      PGF was detected in the rat renal medulla. Sufficient quantities of the released
      prostaglandin-like substances could escape the pulmonary vascular bed in this
      species of animal. It was concluded that a great quantity of the released
      prostaglandin-like substances came from the kidney and their release by this
      particular mechanism suggested that they play an important homeostatic role on
      the blood pressure, blood volume, and sodium and water balance regulation.

PMID- 1096033
TI  - [The inhibitory mechanism responsible for antigenic competition in the mouse,
      upon successive injections of 2 different antigens: the immunosuppressive
      function of T cells].
AB  - Antigenic competition cannot be obtained in congenital athymic Nude mice,
      whatever the dose of inhibitor Ag used and the free interval between inhibitory
      Ag injections and the Ag test. On the other hand, competition is normal and even
      increased, in thymectomised, adult Swiss mice, used 10 to 30 days after
      thymectomy. In normal mice, the inhibitory mechanism induced by a first
      thymodependent antigen, may also occur with regard to certain thymo-independent
      antigens and thus act on the B cells. The antigens may also serve as inhibitory
      antigens for thymodependent antigens if the free interval between the two
      injections is small. Injection of hydrocortisone (25 mg/kg) or ALS a short time
      before the inhibitory antigens, suppresses competition. On the other hand,
      methotrexate is without effect. Thus the inhibitory TD mechanism does not require
      mitoses (methotrexate) and depends on corticosensitive T cells which are, no
      doubt, recirculated (Anti-lymphocyte serum) with a life span greater than 30 days
      (adult thymectomy). The previous results were obtained when two antigens were
      administered by intraperitoneal route and the PF cells sought in the spleen. The
      same experiment was carried out, injecting two antigens subcutaneously, in the
      same limb, and counting the PF cells in the appropriate lymph node; it shows the
      adjuvant effect exerted by the first antigen on the response with regard to the
      second antigen. On the other hand, inhibition is produced if the first antigen is
      injected intraperitoneally or into another limb. One may thus distinguish an
      inhibitory effect or an adjuvant effect depending on the experimental conditions.
      The inhibitory effect seems to be related to the T cells with an
      immunosuppressive function.

PMID- 1096034
TI  - [Cerebromeningeal cryptococcosis. Predisposing role of immunosuppressive therapy
      in patients with kidney transplants].
AB  - Disseminated cryptococcal infection is described in eight patients, seven of them
      with verified meningeal involvement. Six of the eight patients were recipients of
      a renal homograft and submitted to the classical immunosuppressive treatment.
      Consideration is given to predisposing factors and to problems in the clinical,
      biological and mycological diagnosis. Some comments are presented on the often
      disappointing results of antifungal therapy of cryptococcal meningitis.

PMID- 1096035
TI  - [Encephalitis and ornithosis].
AB  - Neuropathology of ornithosis encephalitis in an adult man is reported. Lesions
      were widespread with severe vascular congestion, hyaline thrombi, intense
      perivascular infiltration by mononucleated cells and microglial reaction in the
      parenchyma. No specific lesion of the neurons was found.

PMID- 1096036
TI  - [Influence of the daily ingestion of a total unsaponifiable extract from avocado
      and soy bean oils on cholesterol metabolism in the rat].
AB  - The effects of ingestion of an unsaponifiable avocado and soya extract (P.I.A.S.)
      on the rates of cholesterol turnover were studied in the Rat smaller than in toto
      greater than. The balance is the same as in control rats, but fecal and urinary
      excretions of cholesterol are well enhanced and transformation into bile acids is
      consequently reduced. The absorption coefficient of cholesterol is unchanged in
      spite of the presence of phytosterols in the extract. The extract having been
      said to have a beneficial effect on scleroderma a special study was undertaken of
      the skin. The GLC analysis of sterols show the very probable presence of
      phytosterols and a richer proportion of cholesterol, precursors particularly
      methostenol in the skin of rats fed on P.I.A.S. than in that of the controls.
      These modifications do not produce any variations in the rate of cholesterol
      synthesis as measured in vitro.

PMID- 1096037
TI  - [Influence of environmental conditions on human hematologic constants].
AB  - A blood investigation was carried out on 3,030 volunteer blood donors and the
      results treated on a computer by multivariant analysis. The authors noted a
      depressor effect of the urban environment on the red and white cells, a rise in
      small lymphocytes and a reduction in monocytes in patients living in industrial
      areas. This stimulation of the lymphocyte system may be compared with the
      experimental results obtained by the same authors in animals.

PMID- 1096038
TI  - A shadow-casting technique for the examination of the surface topography of
      cultured cells.
AB  - Modifications to a technique of shadowing cultured cells for examination by the
      light microscope are presented. These consist of using a low angle of incidence,
      rotating the specimen and employing aluminium as the shadowing material.

PMID- 1096039
TI  - Obituary: Norman Arthur Frederick Young.

PMID- 1096040
TI  - [Methods of study of collateral coronary circulation (literature survey)].

PMID- 1096041
TI  - [175th anniversary of the S. M. Kirov, order of Lenin, Order of the Reed Banner
      Military-Medical Academy].

PMID- 1096042
TI  - Rationale for therapy of allergic disorders.

PMID- 1096043
TI  - Use of ephedrine in bronchodilator therapy.

PMID- 1096045
TI  - The place of a new aerosol steroid, beclomethasone dipropionate, in the
      management of childhood asthma.

PMID- 1096044
TI  - Beta-adrenergic bronchodilators.

PMID- 1096046
TI  - Treatment of status asthmaticus and respiratory failure.

PMID- 1096047
TI  - Genetic and developmental aspects of IgE.

PMID- 1096048
TI  - The long-term hospitalization of asthmatic children.

PMID- 1096049
TI  - Stinging insect allergy: current concepts and problems.

PMID- 1096050
TI  - Food allergy: a commentary.

PMID- 1096051
TI  - Treatment of allergic disorders with injections of allergen extracts.

PMID- 1096052
TI  - Food allergy - the great masquerader.

PMID- 1096053
TI  - The case for hyposensitization: its rationale and justification.

PMID- 1096054
TI  - Allergy and secretory otitis media: clinical and immunologic studies.

PMID- 1096055
TI  - Allergy and chronic secretory otitis media.

PMID- 1096056
TI  - Diagnosis of immediate type respiratory allergy.

PMID- 1096057
TI  - The spectrum of asthma in children.

PMID- 1096058
TI  - Psychologic aspects of childhood asthma.

PMID- 1096059
TI  - Asthma and seizures in children.

PMID- 1096060
TI  - "Car. factor" deficiency revisited.
AB  - Three members of a Virginia family with a bleeding disorder were found to have a
      serum defect in thromboplastin generation similar to the previously reported
      "Car. factor" deficiency. Sera from three members of the original Car. family did
      not correct the defect of affected members of the Virginia family. Partial
      thromboplastin times of Car. deficient individuals and affected members of the
      Virginia family were normal. Although correction with normal serum is attained in
      vitro, the serum defect persisted after infusion of fresh frozen plasma. Platelet
      function studies of the Virginia family revealed less than 30% aggregation after
      the addition of exogenous ADP and disaggregation within 2 min. Evaluation of
      children with Noonan's syndrome, albinism, and "Portsmouth" syndrome showed
      coexistent platelet aggregation defects and nonspecific serum defects.

PMID- 1096061
TI  - Lamb fetal pulmonary fluid. I. Validation and significance of method for
      determination of volume and volume change.
AB  - An indicator-dilution method is described for measuring fetal pulmonary fluid,
      FPF, volume (Ve), and volume change with time (Vs) in the lamb fetus in utero.
      The indicator, albumin, which is the predominant protein of normal FPF, was
      administered directly to FPF in the form of radio-iodinated human serum albumin
      (RISA). We have shown that (1) RISA is distributed homogeneously throughout the
      FPF compartment, (2) it is not altered within FPF, (3) it does not alter the
      functional characteristics of FPF, and (4) it remains within the FPF compartment
      throughout the period of measurement. Ve varies directly with the weight of the
      fetus so that Ve per kilogram was 31.6-35.6 ml/kg in four of five fetuses. The Ve
      per kilogram was lower in one fetus at the start of the experiment but increased
      rapidly to 29.0 ml/kg within 45 min. Thus the relaxation volume of the fetus in
      utero is in the range of functional residual capacity (FRC) and thoracic gas
      volume of the air-breathing neonate, which indicates that the pulmonary
      transformation at birth is, in essence, an isovolumic change in state wherein the
      fetal liquid-lung becomes the neonatal air-lung. The rate at which FPF is formed
      (Vs) is about 1.5 ml/hr-kg; however, the rate may change in so far as both rapid
      increases and rapid decreases of FPF volume were observed. When breathing
      movements were induced in the fetus by stimulation of the sciatic nerve, FPF
      volume decreased rapidly (Vs equals -3.0 ml/hr-kg), which indicates that negative
      intrathoracic pressures promote its resorption. When FPF volume fell transiently
      or was low initially, there was subsequent rapid restoration of volume to the
      range of anticipated FRC.

PMID- 1096062
TI  - Lamb fetal pulmonary fluid. II. Fate of phosphatidylcholine.
AB  - Using the radio-iodinated human serum albumin ([131-I]-RISA) dilution method to
      measure lamb fetal pulmonary fluid (FPF) volume, we followed the disappearance of
      protein-complexed, 14-C-labeled phosphatidylcholine ([14-C]PC) during the first
      90 min after its injection into FPF. The FPF samples were analyzed for total
      lipid 14-C activity and for distribution of 14-C in PC, other phospholipids (PL),
      fatty acids (FA), and neutral lipids (NL). For most sampling periods ascending
      aortic (AAo) and right atrial (RA) blood samples were obtained simultaneously
      with FPF and serum was analyzed for total lipid 14-C activity and for
      distribution of 14-C in total PL, FA, and NL. These studies indicate that (1) PC
      is cleared rapidly from FPF with an estimated half-time of 15-57 min; (2) FPF-PC
      may be metabolized to lyso-PC and FA within the fluid itself; and (3) FA derived
      from PFP-PC enter the pulmonary circulation, thus establishing a pulmonary
      arteriovenous FA gradient. The possible sites at which PC may be cleared from FPF
      are considered.

PMID- 1096063
TI  - [50th anniversary of Prof. Janina Czyzewska's activities].

PMID- 1096064
TI  - Neonatal paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia with hydrops.
AB  - A critically ill infant with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and hydrops
      fetalis responded well to aggressive management. Care must be taken to avoid
      digitalis toxicity. Procaine amide or quinidine are effective alternate
      therapies.

PMID- 1096065
TI  - Letter: CPAP.

PMID- 1096066
TI  - Protection of the child-future of the motherland.

PMID- 1096067
TI  - Interferon reaction of leukocytes in pyelonephritis in children.

PMID- 1096068
TI  - [Pathological anatomy and pathogenesis of diabetic embryofetopathies].

PMID- 1096069
TI  - In memory of the teacher and friend.

PMID- 1096070
TI  - [In memory of E. D. Zabludovskaia-Pontkovskaia].

PMID- 1096071
TI  - Clinical application of the recording radioisotopic angiocardiography (author's
      transl).

PMID- 1096072
TI  - State-approved schools of nursing - L.P.N./L.V.N. 1975.

PMID- 1096073
TI  - Home health legislation.

PMID- 1096074
TI  - Social and rehabilitation services.

PMID- 1096075
TI  - [Immunofluorescence technique in diagnosis of trichinellosis in swine. I.
      Investigations with the tube test (author's transl)].
AB  - Experiments have been made with serological demonstration of Trichinella spiralis
      infections in swine. The technique applied was the indirect immunofluorescence
      tube test with whole larvae of T. spiralis as antigen. The blood samples tested
      were taken from groups of SPF swine inoculated with, respectively, 50, 150, 500
      and 1500 Trichinella larvae. In animals inoculated with at least 150 larvae,
      antibodies could be demonstrated 3-5 weeks p.i. until the investigation was
      finished 6-7 months later. The technique applied thus appears to represent a
      reasonably sensitive and reliable method for demonstrating infections with T.
      spiralis in swine.

PMID- 1096076
TI  - [Immunofluorescence technique in diagnosis of trichinellosis in swine. II.
      Comparative investigations with the tube test and the cryostate method (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A series of comparative IF tests have been made on serum samples from 9 SPF pigs
      experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis (50-500 larvae per animal). The
      techniques applied included a tube test (antigen: whole Trichinella larvae), and
      a cryostat test (antigen: sections of Trichinella larvae). With the cryostat test
      a positive reaction was recorded in 2 animals already on the 6th day and in 5
      animals on the 13th day p.i., while with the tube test such reaction was not
      demonstrated until the 27th day p.i. (2 animals). A potential risk of cross
      reaction of unknown origin seems, however, to limit the application of the
      cryostat test to SPF- pigs.

PMID- 1096077
TI  - [The anatomical and physiological basis for sensibility of the dentin].

PMID- 1096078
TI  - [Letter: Renal histology and examination in immunofluorescence. Role in the
      diagnosis of renal venous thrombosis in adults].

PMID- 1096079
TI  - [Functional scintigraphy of the right heart].
AB  - After intravenous injection of 99m-Tc-labelled HSA-microspheres indicator
      dilution curves of vena cava superior, total right heart and lungs are recorded,
      using a Nuclear Chicago Pho Gamma II camera and a Hewlett Packard 5407 A computer
      system. A method is described, which permits the determination of the
      distribution of transit times, the mean transit time and the ejection fraction of
      the right heart on the basis of these three curves. The usefulness of the method
      for cardiac investigations is discussed.

PMID- 1096080
TI  - Enzymic in vitro repair and chemical nature of DNA chain breaks induced by
      incorporated phosphorus-32P decay.
AB  - In vitro repair of single strand breaks in T4 and phage DNA caused by 32p decay
      was studied. Zone centrifugation procedure showed that polynucleotide kinase,
      ligase enzyme system failed to repair 32P-damages. It was found that damaged DNA
      contained gaps and could be repaired by DNA-polymerase I, polynucleotide ligase
      treatment.

PMID- 1096081
TI  - The preparation of 5-cyanouracil and 5-cyano-2'-deoxyuridine from the
      corresponding 5-iodo derivative and cuprous cyanide.
AB  - 5-Cyanouracil has been prepared in high yield from cuprous cyanide and 5
      iodouracil. The deoxynucleoside has been similarly prepared form 5-iodo-2'
      deoxyuridine and this has enabled these compounds to be labelled with (14-C)
      cyanide. Attempts have been made to incorporate 5-cyanouracil into Escherichia
      coli 15T and into Mycoplasma mycoides var. capri DNA under conditions in which
      several other 5-substituted uracils have been incorporated, but without success.
      Similarly 5-cyano-2'-deoxyuridine could not be incorporated into the DNA of T3
      phage under conditions in which 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine is easily incorporated.
      These results suggest that the criteria for a 5-substituted uracil to be
      incorporated into DNA in vivo depends on some factor other than the size of the
      substituent.

PMID- 1096082
TI  - A study of the interaction of histones with DNA using isopycnic centrifugation in
      metrizamide gradients.
AB  - Isopycnic sedimentation in metrizamide gradients has shown that mouse-liver
      histones bind co-operatively to both homologous and bacterial DNA's. However, at
      low input ratios of histone to DNA, two types of stable complex are formed,
      depending on the histone concentration. One complex contains half as much histone
      as DNA while the other contains approximately equal amounts of histone and DNA.
      At high input ratios of histone to DNA extra histone is bound giving complexes
      containing up to twice as much histone as DNA. Poly-L-lysine and protamine were
      also found to bind co-operatively to DNA.

PMID- 1096083
TI  - Number of genes and base composition of mitochondrial tRNA from Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Increasing amounts of mitochondrial [32P] tRNA (4S fraction), were hybridized
      with mitochondrial DNA OF Saccharomyces cerevisiae. At saturation, the calculated
      number of genes for 4S mitochondrial RNA was 20. Mitochondrial [32P] tRNA eluted
      from the hydrids obtained either with an excess of tRNA or an excess of DNA
      showed, after alkaline hydrolysis and chromatography, a G+C content of 28 and 35
      p. cent respectively. This last value is similar to that found with the total 4S
      fraction. The odd nucleotides T (about 1T per sequence), U, hU are present in
      mitochondrial tRNA. Some sequence may begin with pG.

PMID- 1096084
TI  - An improved method for the purification of tRNA by chromatography on
      dihydroxyboryl substituted cellulose.
AB  - An improved method for the rapid separation of aminoacyl-tRNA from tRNA by
      chromatography on dihydroxyboryl-substituted cellulose has been developed. The
      method relies on the selective binding of unacylated tRNA to the cell cellulose
      support containing dihydroxyboryl groups. This binding is the result of complex
      formation between the cis-diol group of the 3'-terminal ribose in tRNA and the
      dihydroxyboryl groups immobilized on the resin. Aminoacyl-tRNA cannot undergo
      borate complex formation and is not retained on the resin. The separation is
      carried out at near neutral pH values ensuring stability of the aminoacyl ester
      linkage. The aminoacyl-tRNAs are obtained in very high purity. Aminoacyl-tRNA
      species containing the modified nucleoside Q are also retained on dihydroxyboryl
      cellulose. Conditions for isolating all Q base containing tRNA species from
      unfractionated tRNA are described.

PMID- 1096085
TI  - Specific cleavage of tRNA by nuclease S1.
AB  - Nuclease S1 specifically hydrolizes tRNAs in their anticodon loops, forming new
      5' phosphate and 3' OH ends. Some single-stranded regions are not cut by nuclease
      S1. The strong preference of nuclease S1 for the anticodon region can be used for
      rapid identification of an anticodon-containing oligonucleotide and subsequent
      identification of the probable amino acid specificity of tRNA.

PMID- 1096086
TI  - The characterisation of a fragment of ribosomal protein S4 that is protected
      against trypsin digestion by 16S ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli.
AB  - After mild trypsin treatment of a complex of ribosomal protein S4 and 16S RNA of
      Escherichia coli, a large homogeneous fragment of the S4 protein was protected
      against digestion by its RNA binding site. This fragment was isolated and
      characterised for molecular weight. It was able to rebind specifically to 16S
      RNA. Preliminary results indicate that protected protein fragments can also be
      obtained from other proteins that complex specifically with 23S and 5S RNA.

PMID- 1096087
TI  - Two transfer RNA (1-methylguanine) methylases from yeast.
AB  - Two distinct tRNA (m-1G) methylases have been found in the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae. They differ in their chromatographic properties on hydroxyapatite, in
      their response to spermine, and in their site specificity. Only one of the
      methylases is active against normal tRNA from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1096088
TI  - Hospital-acquired infections-1. Sources and types of infection.

PMID- 1096089
TI  - The stove-in chest.

PMID- 1096090
TI  - Mum's army.

PMID- 1096091
TI  - Reminiscence of a friend whose demise has left a void (Miss Edith Helen Paull).

PMID- 1096092
TI  - The evolution of the cystoscope.

PMID- 1096093
TI  - Have times changed? From Nursing Mirror, May 19, 1906. Incidents in a nurse's
      life. A case of hydrophobia.

PMID- 1096094
TI  - The intriguing history of obstetrical forceps.

PMID- 1096095
TI  - [Contribution of Polish technical inventions to the progress of radiology].

PMID- 1096096
TI  - [Nephrotropic contrast media].

PMID- 1096097
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Leon Herbst].

PMID- 1096098
TI  - [Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica infections in patients
      with unclear acute abdominal syndromes].

PMID- 1096099
TI  - [Surgical treatment of mitral insufficiency. A historical outline].

PMID- 1096100
TI  - The influence of anti-inflammatory drugs on the values of xylose test in man.
AB  - Anti-inflammatory drugs influence intestinal absorption. Acetylsalicylic acid,
      indomethacin, and PAS decrease significantly the values of xylose test in man.
      Paracetamol decreases the values of the test in two thirds of the subjects.
      Salicylamide, phenylbutazone, and sulfadimethoxine do not possess this action.

PMID- 1096101
TI  - Antimalarial compounds. XIII. New derivatives of phenyl chloromethyl sulfone.
AB  - A series of chloromethylsulfonyl derivatives of amines, biguanides and
      amidineureas (Scheme 1) has been prepared and their antimalarial properties
      investigated.

PMID- 1096102
TI  - Antimalarial compounds. XIV. New derivatives of 2-bromo-N,N-bis
      (diethylaminoethyl)-4,5-dimethoxyanaline (RC 12).
AB  - The molecule of RC 12 which was found previously to exhibit antimalarial activity
      has been modified, by replacing groups in positions 1 and 2 by NHAr, S-Ar, NO2,
      sulfonamido and other substituents. The new derivatives (Table 1) were tested for
      toxicity and antimalarial activity agains Plasmodium berghei in mice (Table 2).

PMID- 1096103
TI  - [Prof. Roman Drews. On the 40th anniversary of his activities as surgeon].

PMID- 1096104
TI  - [Initial period in the work of a specialist in Poland. Surgery].

PMID- 1096105
TI  - [Polish urology during the 30 years of the Polish People's Republic].

PMID- 1096106
TI  - [Adam Mincer (1868-1914)].

PMID- 1096107
TI  - [Urology in Sofia].

PMID- 1096108
TI  - Minocycline: a new antibiotic; A report from the General Practitioner Research
      Group.

PMID- 1096109
TI  - Fenfluramine in the treatment of psoriasis. A preliminary report.

PMID- 1096110
TI  - Medical history of J. H. Speke (1827-1864). Discoverer of the source of the Nile.

PMID- 1096111
TI  - Enuresis in childhood.

PMID- 1096112
TI  - Incontinence.

PMID- 1096113
TI  - Male infertility.

PMID- 1096114
TI  - Occupational bladder cancer.

PMID- 1096115
TI  - James Mackenzie lecture. Fifty years of progress.

PMID- 1096116
TI  - Family planning by periodic abstinence.

PMID- 1096117
TI  - Learning disabilities in adolescence.

PMID- 1096119
TI  - A seventeenth-century case of eclampsia.

PMID- 1096118
TI  - Figure drawings and adolescent problems.

PMID- 1096121
TI  - Oliver Wendell Holmes. (1809-1894).

PMID- 1096120
TI  - Prazosin in the treatment of hypertension.
AB  - In two double-blind, randomized cross-over comparison studies undertaken in
      elderly subjects, a new quinazoline derivative, prazosin, has been shown to be a
      safe and effective antihypertensive agent to which there is a progressive
      response over four- to six-week periods of oral administration at fixed dose
      levels.

PMID- 1096122
TI  - Topical treatment of dermatophytoses and candidoses.
AB  - In a double-blind trial clotrimazole cream was compared with tolnaftate cream in
      the treatment of dermatophytoses and with nystatin cream in the treatment of
      candidoses. Clotrimazole was shown to be effective against both dermatophytoses
      and candidoses and was as effective and acceptable as tolnaftate and nystatin
      creams in each condition.

PMID- 1096123
TI  - Maziniol in the treatment of obesity.

PMID- 1096124
TI  - Sensible prescribing. III. Acute otitis media and sore throat.

PMID- 1096125
TI  - Royal surgeon. John Ranby, F.R.S. (1703-1773).

PMID- 1096126
TI  - Autoimmune diseases of the nervous system.

PMID- 1096127
TI  - A comparison of intravenous aminophylline and salbutamol in the treatment of
      severe bronchospasm.
AB  - Intravenous salbutamool or aminophylline was administered under double-blind
      conditions to 20 asthmatic patients presenting with severe dyspnoea and needing
      urgent treatment with bronchodilators. Ten patients received salbutamol and ten
      patients received aminophylline. Objective measurements showing improvement were
      recorded in nineteen patients. A greater response was produced by salbutamol
      although this failed to reach statistical significance. Neither drug affected
      pulse or blood pressure. It is suggested that intravenous salbutamol is an
      effective bronchodialtor in the treatment of acute exacerbation of asthma or
      bronchitis.

PMID- 1096128
TI  - A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory cream. A report from the General Practitioner
      Research Group.

PMID- 1096130
TI  - George Edward Day and "diseases of advanced life".

PMID- 1096129
TI  - Francis Brett Young. 1884-1954.

PMID- 1096131
TI  - [Antihypertensive action of debrisoquine (author's transl)].

PMID- 1096132
TI  - [Congenital atrio-ventricular block in infants and children (author's transl)].

PMID- 1096133
TI  - Primary "T" wave changes in children.

PMID- 1096134
TI  - [Transient ischemic attacks. Little strokes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1096135
TI  - [Mikhail Grigor'evich Kolpakov (1922-1974)].

PMID- 1096136
TI  - [Dwarfism and the Shereshevskii-Turner syndrome in patients with congenital
      toxoplasmosis].
AB  - Fifty five patients with cerebral and hypophyseal nanism and Shereshevsky-Turner
      syndrome were examined for toxoplasmosis.  The diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was
      established on the basis of epidemiological and obstetrical anamnesis, clinical
      and roentgenological data and serological tests (complement fixation test in 2
      modifications--by common and droplet method; precipitation test, fluorescent
      antibody test) and intradermal allergic test with toxoplasmin (ATT).  Of 48
      patients with cerebral and hypophyseal nanism ATT proved to be positive in 17
      (35.4 per cent); it was positive in 3 of 7 patients with Shereshevsky-Turner
      syndrome.  In some of the patients and their mothers serological tests for
      toxoplasmosis were also positive.  Thus, toxoplasmosis infection among the
      patients examined was 2.5-3 times more incident than the corresponding indices in
      healthy children.  It is supposed that there is pathology of hypothalamic
      regulation of hypophyseal functions in toxoplasmosis and nanism.  A possibility
      of pathology of the generative apparatus in maternal toxoplasmosis leading to
      development of chromosomal embryopathies could not be excluded.  The authors
      consider that further studies are necessary for ascertaining (in some of the
      cases) of the pathogenetic association between toxoplasmosis and growth and
      developmental disturbances.

PMID- 1096137
TI  - [Simplified method of differential diagnosis of dwarfism].
AB  - On the basis of analysis (with the aid of the "Minsk-22" computer) of the data on
      the information character of 485 signs in hypophyseal, hypothalamic, thyrogenic,
      somatogenic nanism spondylo-epyphyseal dysplasia ans Shereshevsky-Turner's
      syndrome the authors selected 50 signs with the greatest diagnostic value.  These
      signs were assessed and graded by marks; a diagnostic table was elaborated with
      the aid of which a correct diagnosis with the probability of over 0.90 was
      established in 72 per cent of cases.

PMID- 1096138
TI  - [Blood service in Ukraine during the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1096139
TI  - [Blood preservation during the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1096140
TI  - [Participation of the Shock Brigade of the Central Institute of Hematology and
      Blood Transfusion in the development of rational transfusion therapy of war
      traumatic shock].

PMID- 1096141
TI  - [Work of the army mobile blood transfusion station during the Great Patriotic
      War].

PMID- 1096142
TI  - [Blood service during the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1096143
TI  - [Antituberculosis work during the years of the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1096144
TI  - A new dip-slide method for the counting of salivary lactobacilli.

PMID- 1096145
TI  - Nutrition and embryonic development in the domestic fowl.

PMID- 1096146
TI  - Meeting the energy needs of poultry.

PMID- 1096147
TI  - Utilization of proteins for growth and egg production.

PMID- 1096148
TI  - Prediction of the digestibility of forage from solubility in fungal cellulase
      solutions.

PMID- 1096149
TI  - Lipid metabolism in the fowl under normal and abnormal circumstances.

PMID- 1096150
TI  - Perspectives in mineral nutrition.

PMID- 1096151
TI  - Concepts in practical diet formulation.

PMID- 1096152
TI  - Factors affecting the digestibility of nutrients.

PMID- 1096153
TI  - Conventional and unconventional farmed animals.

PMID- 1096154
TI  - Aspects of protein utilization by fish.

PMID- 1096155
TI  - Crustacean aquaculture.

PMID- 1096156
TI  - D-Isoascorbic acid investigated in a common cold survey.

PMID- 1096157
TI  - Nutrition of the New Zealand white rabbit.

PMID- 1096158
TI  - Behavioural and physiological adaptation of wild ruminants and their potential
      for meat production.

PMID- 1096159
TI  - Different roles of nutrition in domestic and wild game birds and other animals.

PMID- 1096160
TI  - Separation of non-sperm components from seminal preparations and effect on the
      analysis of sperm proteins.
AB  - The presence of non-sperm components (NSC) in "washed" rabbit epididymal and
      ejaculated collections and their interference with the analysis of sperm proteins
      have been demonstrated. NSC were also found in ejaculates from normal and
      vasectomized humans and from vasectomized rabbits, and in epididymal preparations
      from guinea pigs. They comprise about 80% of the total number of particles in
      rabbit ejaculates and 35% in human ejaculates. The dry weight is approximately
      equally distributed in rabbit ejaculates between NSC and sperm. The majority of
      the LDH isozyme activity of the "washed particles" in an ejaculate were
      associated with the NSC and this study shows that "washed particle" preparations
      are not equivalent to sperm and that NSC must first be separated from the sperm
      themselves for studies of sperm proteins to be meaningful. A method for the
      separation of the NSC from the sperm by equilibrium sedimentation in gradients of
      sucrose-D20 is described.

PMID- 1096161
TI  - Factor(s) from Ehrlich Ascites cells responsible for delayed rejection of skin
      allografts in mice and its assay on lymphocytes in vitro.
AB  - Cell free Ehrlich ascitic fluid from tumor bearing mice and the nutrient medium
      from Ehrlich cells maintained in vitro contain a factor(s) which when transferred
      to normal mice delays rejection of skin allografts and enhances the growth of a
      syngeneic transplantable tumor. Both types of prepartions inhibit DNA synthesis
      in lymphocytes stimulated by PHA. These results suggest that Ehrlich tumor cells
      release a factor which impairs the normal lymphocytic response to allo and tumor
      antigens.

PMID- 1096162
TI  - Inhibitory effect of synthetic polyribonucleotides on the primary in vitro immune
      response.
AB  - The synthetic double-stranded polyribonucleotides, poly (rA):poly (rU) and poly
      (rI):poly (rC), were shown to be potent inhibitors of the in vitro plaque-forming
      cell (PFC) response to a thymus-dependent (SRBC) and thymus-independent (E. coli
      0127 LPS) antigen in mouse C57BL/6 spleen cell cultures. The same polynucleotides
      had no effect on the PFC response of nude (athymic) mouse spleen cells to E. coli
      0127 LPS, suggesting that functional T lymphocytes are necessary for the
      inhibitory effect. Enhancement effects were modest and inconsistent in the
      cultures. Poly (rA) and poly (rU) were ineffective as inhibitors. The data
      indirectly suggest that the inhibition may be due to the early production of
      interferon by functional T lymphocytes.

PMID- 1096163
TI  - Actin in the cytoplasm of adrenocortical cells.
AB  - Rat or hamster adrenocortical cells contain a network of filaments mostly 40-80 A
      in diameter, which is particularly evident at the cell periphery. In frozen
      sections, adrenocortical cells fix (particularly at their periphery) anti-actin
      autoantibodies present in sera of patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis. It
      is concluded that the peripheral network of adrenocortical cells contains
      contractile proteins (at least actin) and the implication of such proteins in
      steroid secretion is discussed.

PMID- 1096164
TI  - Blood pressure changes in mice after lethal staphylococcal infection and
      endotoxin challenge.
AB  - A radioisotope technique has been used to determine blood pressure changes in
      mice after lethal staphylococcal infection and after lethal endotoxin challenge.
      The method was verified by making simultaneous direct measurements in rats. Mice
      in both groups became hypotensive to a similar level (a fall 20-30 mm Hg). This
      tailcuff technique is simple and reliable but is dependent upon normal tail blood
      flow. Spurious low pressure readings are obtained in hypothermic or chilled mice
      because the tail is a major thermoregulator organ. These difficulties can be
      overcome by warming chilled or hypothermic mice.

PMID- 1096165
TI  - Inhibitors of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in human plasma.
AB  - There are two types of endogenous inhibitors of DBH in human plasma. One is
      sensitive to copper, or N-ethyl-maleimide, and is dialyzable. The other is not
      sensitive to copper, maleimide, or dialysis. Both types can be counteracted by
      diluting the plasma, thus eliminating the need for inactivators during the assay
      of plasma.

PMID- 1096166
TI  - Decrease in ribosomal density of Proteus mirabilis exposed to subinhibitory
      concentrations of ampicillin or cephalothin.
AB  - The finding of reduced ribosomal densities at lower concentrations than those
      required to stop growth or cause visible defects in the cell wall is in contrast
      to the current view that the initial lesion produced by penicillins or
      cephalosporins is a defect in murein synthesis (11). This reduction in ribosomal
      density could be a primary or secondary effect and might be due to a decreased
      rate of growth, which has been shown to be associated with a lower ribosome
      frequency (12, 13) or to less stable ribosomes which disintegrated either
      spontaneously or as a result of the fixation procedures. The possibility that the
      decrease in ribosomal frequency was due to dilution (influx of liquid through a
      defective cell wall and/or cytoplasmic membrane, or efflux of ribosomes) remains,
      but no gross defect in cell wall was seen in more than 50 sections of cells
      showing reductions in ribosomal frequency. These findings suggest that an effect
      on ribosomes may antecede an effect on the cell wall.

PMID- 1096167
TI  - Endotoxin binding by charged and uncharged resins.
AB  - Cholestyramine (Dowex 1-X2), a strongly basic anion-exchange resin, has
      previously been shown to bind bacterial endotoxin, preventing both its toxicity
      and intestinal absorption. Because hemoperfusion through charged and uncharged
      resins is practical, a study was undertaken to test the endotoxin-binding
      characteristics of a number of resins. The resin to be tested was washed and
      swelled overnight, and 1 mg/ml of 51Cr-labeled endotoxin was added and the
      mixture, agitated and incubated at 37 degrees for a specific time period. In the
      Dowex 1 series, the 1-X2 was superior to the 1-X4 and 1-X8 in its ability to bind
      E. coli endotoxin, removing about 90% from solution in 15 min. Increasing mesh
      size seemed to offer more binding sites for each Dowex 1 resin. Activated
      charcoal adsorbed about 90% of the endotoxin also, but Amberlite XAD-2 showed
      little binding capacity. Injection of filtrate from unlabeled E. coli and S.
      typhosa resin-treated solution into rats, demonstrated that both Dowex 1-X2 and
      activated charcoal prevented the transaminase rise noted in animals injected with
      solutions not so treated. It is concluded that Dowex 1-X2 resin and activated
      charcoal efficiently remove endotoxin in vitro, and may offer a unique method for
      removing circulating endotoxin in vivo.

PMID- 1096169
TI  - [Current prospects in treating renal insufficiency in childhood].

PMID- 1096168
TI  - Luteinizing hormone and androgens in the bovine fetus after gonadotropin
      releasing hormone.
AB  - After an intra-arterial injection of 10 mug GnRH into four bovine male fetuses,
      serum LH increased (P less than 0.01) 2-fold by 15 min and plateaued at
      approximately 11 ng/ml from 60 to 180 min. After GnRH in six female fetuses, LH
      increased (P less than 0.01) 7-fold by 15 min and plateaued at approximately 17
      ng/ml from 60 to 180 min. Maternal serum LH was not significantly influenced (P
      greater than 0.05) by sex of fetus or administration of GnRH to the fetus. After
      GnRH in male fetuses, serum testosterone increased (P less than 0.05) and
      remained 2-fold greater than basal levels through 180 min. In contrast, serum
      testosterone from female fetuses averaged 370 +/- 60 pg/ml at injection and was
      unchanged after GnRH. Androgen synthesis was significantly increased during in
      vitro incubation of fetal testicular explants by the addition of LH. We conclude
      that GnRH causes release of LH from the bovine fetal pituitary as early as 120
      days of age and that the testes respond with testosterone secretion after LH
      stimulation.

PMID- 1096170
TI  - [Review of 50 years of drug development].

PMID- 1096171
TI  - [The iridoid glucoside and its isolation].

PMID- 1096172
TI  - Marijuana influenced changes in GSR activation peaking during paired-associate
      learning.
AB  - Activation Peaking (AP) refers to a patterned physiological response occurring
      during learning. Marijuana has been found to interfere with both paired-associate
      learning and phasic GSR activity. Therefore, a study was performed to assess the
      effects of marijuana intoxication on paired-associate learning and concomitant
      GSR AP. Two marijuana usage categories were employed--light and heavy usage Ss.
      Within each category four groups were run in a design to test state-dependent
      effects. Each S was seen twice with a seven-day inter-session interval. The
      groups were P-P, P-M, M-M and P-M with P equals placebo and M equals 14 mg delta
      9 THC. At each sessions S learned a nine-word paired-associate list to a
      criterion of one correct recitation, and then received 100 percent overlearning.
      No usage or group differences were found in level of basal conductance, except
      lights showed habituation over sessions and heavies did not. Magnitude of phasic
      GSR activation, aligned for AP, was significantly reduced for both heavy usage
      and marijuana intoxicated Ss. Also, only on placebo days was an AP effect
      evident. The results were discussed in terms of marijuana's effects on learning
      and physiology with emphasis on possible mechanisms of action.

PMID- 1096173
TI  - Intracranial injection of drugs: comparison of diffusion of 6-OHDA and
      guanethidine.
AB  - Marked differences in extent of diffusion have been shown with the fluorescence
      histochemical method between guanethidine and 6-OHDA(64 mug in 2 mul) when
      injected acutely or chronically into the lateral hypothalamus, the substantia
      nigra or the amygdala of the rat brain. Cannulation damage up to 1 mm in diameter
      and attributed to the implantation of cannulae and placebo injection was
      observed. A further area of generalized damage occurred following the injection
      of drugs and was far greater for 6-OHDA (2 mm) than for guanethidien (0.3 mm).
      Guanethidine, but not 6-OHDA, caused specific damage to catecholamine-containing
      nerurons up to a distance of at least 3 mm and more from the cannula tip. These
      striking differences between the effects of intracranial injection of 6-OHDA and
      guanethidine are discussed in terms of the uptake and degradation of the two
      drugs and the anatomical features of the injection site; they are not explicable
      in terms of experimental conditions such as concentration, volume of injection,
      molecular weight or lipid solubility. The different patterns of damage would not
      easily be distinguished by biochemical analyses and the catecholamine specificity
      of 6-OHDA in studies of the central nervous system must be seriously questioned.
      Vascularization of chronically implanted cannula tracks and the presence of
      anatomical diffusion barriers are also discussed in relation to the diffusion of
      drugs injected intracranially.

PMID- 1096175
TI  - Neurological and behavioral toxicity of kryptopyrrole in the rat.
AB  - Ten rats were given 9.1 to 82 mg/kg of 2,4-dimethyl-3-ethylpyrrole
      (kryptopyrrole) and the behavioral and electroencephalographic effects were
      studied. Kryptopyrrole was found to decrease EEG voltage, disrupt synchronization
      and induce abnormal spiking at a variety of cortical sites. Intermittent periods
      of low frequency hypersynchronous EEG activity was consistently elicited by
      kryptopyrrole. These waves bear a resemblance to the hypersynchronous EEG
      patterns associated with hallucinatory agents such as LSD-25. Marked behavioral
      alterations were observed following the initial injection including ataxia,
      hyperventilation, locomotor depression and catelepsy. Kryptopyrrole causes major
      central nervous system dysfunction, and these findings are discussed in the
      context of a drug-induced model of psychoses.

PMID- 1096174
TI  - Effects of chronic intracranial injection of low and high concentrations of
      guanethidine in the rat.
AB  - Low (64 mug in 2 mul) or high 320-1280 mug in 2 mul) doses of guanethidine
      sulphate were injected daily for up to 19 days into the lateral hypothalamus,
      substantia nigra, locus coeruleus, dorsal raphe nucleus, or amygdala region of
      the rat brain. Effects on monoamine-containing neurons were determined using
      fluorescence histochemistry. The noradrenergic terminals of the hypothalamus were
      depleted over a diameter of 7 mm by both low and high doses of guanethidine
      whereas, even with high doses, the dopaminergic terminals of the median eminence,
      amygdala and acudate nucleus were only partially depleted. Fluorescence levels of
      dopaminergic cell bodies of the sub stantis nigra and 5HT-containing cell bodies
      of the dorsal raphe nucleus were unaltered by low doses of guanethidine. Low
      doses of guanethidine did not affect the fluorescence of the noradrenergic cell
      bodies of the locus coeruleus, however high doses caused a substantial reduction
      in fluorescence levels. Normal levels of fluorescence were observed in all
      catecholamine-containing neurons within 14 days from cessation of injections.
      Thus, the xon retraction and eventual degeneration of peripheral sympathetic
      adrenergic neurons, which occurs as a result of chronic intraperitoneal
      injections of guanethidine does not occur with the catecholamine-containing
      neurons in the central nervous system. The rapid recovery of centrat
      catecholamine-containing neurons is remarkable in view of the extensive areas of
      brain damage produced by chronic injection of such high concentrations of drug.
      Fluorescence in peripheral adrenergic nerves was unaffected by chronic injection
      of guanethidine into the lateral hypothalamus but adhesions of some internal
      organs were observed. Blood vessels in the vicinity of the cannula were heavily
      reinnervated by fluorescent fibres probably arising from intracranial
      catecholamine-containing neurons. Some of the advantages of intracranial
      injection of guanethidine compared to 6-hydroxydopamine for behavioral
      experiments are discussed.

PMID- 1096176
TI  - Discriminated escape learning and response to electric shock after 6
      hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigro-neostriatal dopaminergic projection.
AB  - In an earlier report it was observed that bilateral stereotaxic injections of 6
      hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the zone compacta of the substantia nigra deficits
      in the acquisition of a conditioned avoidance response [8], The present
      experiments were designed to determine if either a generalized learning
      impairment or a decreased sensitivity to foot shock might be the basis for the
      avoidance deficit. It was found that rats subjected to bilateral 6-OHDA lesions
      of the substantia nigra learned a light discrimination shock escape habit in as
      few trials as unoperated controls. This observation indicates that the integrity
      of the dopaminergic nigro-neostriatal system is not essential for the formation
      of learned associations between sensory cues and motor responses. In a second
      experiment it was observed that neither the shock-induced flinch nor the jump
      threshold was elevated after nigral lesions, suggesting that these lesions do not
      decrease the aversive motivational properties of foot shock. In view of these
      findings, the nature of the avoidance deficit produced by substantia nigra
      lesions is discussed with reference to the possibility that they selectively
      block the initiation of voluntary motor responses. According to this hypothesis,
      the failure of these lesions to disrupt escape responding may be due to the fact
      that the unconditioned stimulus generates reflexive motor responses (flinch,
      jump, etc.) which are sufficient to begin the motor sequences that cannot be
      initiated voluntarily in response to the conditioned stimulus.

PMID- 1096177
TI  - Effects of 3-acetylpyridine on spontaneous alternation in the mouse.
AB  - When administered to mice, 3-acetylpyridine has been shown to selectively destroy
      the hippocampa neural fields CA3 and CA4. Adult mice, injected i.p. with150 mg/kg
      3-acetylpyridine showed a reduced frequency of spontaneous alteration(48%) in a T
      maze, compared with saline injcetd controls (73%). The pattern of latency change
      in the experimental mice was  consistent with a failure to habitatue normally.
      these behavioral effects of 3-acetylpyrdine resemble those observed following
      lesions of the hippocampus induced by stereotaxic surgery.

PMID- 1096178
TI  - Drugs, lipids and atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1096179
TI  - [Antimycotic behavior of monodesmosidic astrantia saponins].

PMID- 1096180
TI  - Pulmonary problems in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Diagnosis, prophylaxis, and
      treatment.
AB  - A number of pulmonary problems may complicate muscular dystrophy. Respiratory
      function, however, can be increased by instruction in diaphragmatic breathing.
      When patients effectively use their diaphragms during respiration, less muscular
      work is required for adequate ventilation. Additionally, assistive techniques
      such as postural drainage, chest percussion and vibration, and IPPB contribute to
      an ongoing program of respiratory care. Ten children with Duchenne muscular
      dystrophy underwent pulmonary function studies before, during, and after a three
      month period of such respiratory therapy. Comparison of respiratory function
      before and after treatment indicates that such treatment is useful in increasing
      pulmonary function. The major goal of pulmonary care in the treatment of the
      patient with muscular dystrophy is the maintenance of respiratory homeostasis
      through  beathing exercises and training in the use of various breathing aids,
      thus enabling the patient to lead as active and comfortable a life as possible
      within the limits imposed by his evolving respiratory problem.

PMID- 1096181
TI  - Atrial receptors and renal function.
AB  - The hypothesis that receptors in the heart or pulmonary vasculature initiate a
      reflex that influences urine flow was derived from experiments designed to
      evaluate the effect of mechanical ventilation on renal function.  These
      experiments indicated that urine flow usually decreases during positive-pressure
      breathing and usually increases during negative-pressure breathing.  It was
      surmised that impulses from certain cardiopulmonary receptors affect the
      secretion of ADH, which in turn influences urine flow.  A subsequent
      investigation appeared to localize the pertinent receptors to the left atrium,
      but the results of this particular investigation were influenced by several
      complication factors that have not been widely appreciated.  The apparent
      localization of volume-regulating recpetors to the left atrium and the
      accumulating evidence that atrial receptors do respond to changes in atrial
      pressure or atrial volume triggered a myriad of further studies on the function
      of left receptors.  Nearly all these studies employed indirect techniques that
      produced changes in systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics in addition to changes in
      left atrial pressure.  Nevertheless, it often was assumed that if changes in left
      pressure were produced, any concomitant changes in circulating ADH or in urine
      flow were attributable to a reflex elicited from atrial receptors.  Mush of the
      data obtained were interpreted as being compatible with the elft atrial volume
      receptor hypothesis, but very liggle of the data pertained to left atrial
      receptors specifically.

PMID- 1096182
TI  - Construction of the perineal body in the female.
AB  - A simple, one-stage operation is presented for the construction of a perineal
      body  in a female who has a common rectovaginal opening, or cloaca. The operation
      has been performed on 3 teenaged girls, with an excellent result in each. In only
      one instance has been necessary to perform a secondary operation for correction
      of the rectal incontinence.

PMID- 1096183
TI  - The free vascularized bone graft. A clinical extension of microvascular
      techniques.
AB  - For the common problem of lower limb injury with extensive. Loss of skin and
      bone, a new method of free vascularized bone grafting has been used and
      integrated with an appropriate soft tissue flap repair. The technique was
      developed to salvage two legs which would otherwise have been amputated. The
      preliminary result in Case 2 is encouraging. This case would appear to be the
      first successful distant transfer of a composite fibular graft by microvascular
      anastomoses to be reported in man.

PMID- 1096184
TI  - Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa of the axilla.
AB  - We review our surgical experience with hidradenitis suppurativa of the axilla at
      Cook County Hospital during the years 1963 to 1972. The operation for this entity
      described by Pollock et al has (1) reduced the length of hospitalization, (2)
      increased the rate of primary healing and reduced the period of secondary
      healing, (3) allowed a great amount of tissue to be excised, (4) permitted both
      axillae to be operated on at once (without incapacitating the patient), (5)
      avoided the need for skin grafting, and (6) has had less morbidity for those
      patients in whom primary healing is not achieved. We believe the method reported
      by Pollock et al is now the treatment of choice for this disease.

PMID- 1096185
TI  - Reconstruction of mandibular defects after radiation, using a free, living bone
      graft transferred by microvascular anastomose. An experimental study.
AB  - In a previous publication we described the replacement of a mandibular defect by
      a free, composite rib graft, transferred by microvascular anastomoses of the
      posterior intercostal vessels to donor vessels in the neck. We now present data
      which demonstrate that successful results can be achieved even after radical
      mandibular radiation. This technique, done in dogs, has obvious implications in
      the management of oral cancer in man.

PMID- 1096186
TI  - Free groin flaps in children.
AB  - We report two successful transfers of free groin flaps to the lower legs of
      children. We believe this method can be safely applied and can often take the
      place of distant pedicled flap transfers in children.

PMID- 1096187
TI  - Editorial: The free, living bone graft.

PMID- 1096188
TI  - Panniculectomy specimens as a convenient and inexpensive of homograft skin.
AB  - Panniculectomy specimens provide a convenient and inexpensive source of skin
      homografts when harvested in the operating room under sterile conditions.

PMID- 1096189
TI  - Obituary: Clarence Ralph Straatsma, M.D. 1896-1974.

PMID- 1096190
TI  - Neurovascular free flaps. A preliminary report.
AB  - An experimental, anatomical, and clinical study has confirmed the feasibility of
      free neurovascular flaps.  The interrelationship between the cutaneous vascular
      and neural supply has been defined and demonstrated electrophysiologically, both
      in man and in experimental animals.  A potential donor site in man has been
      explored.  Free neurovascular flap transfers by microneurovascular anastomoses
      are technically feasible.  Clinical success will occur with the identification of
      suitable donor sites.

PMID- 1096191
TI  - Burned hands.
AB  - Hand involvement is common in patients with severe burns.  Our experience
      indicates that almost one-third of the patients admitted to the Shriner's Burns
      Institute and The University of Texas Medical Branch Hospitals with burns
      exceeding 30 per cent of the body surface had concomitant burns of the hand.  Our
      approach in managing the burned hand during the acute phase of unjury, as well as
      during secondary reconstruction of the deformities, is presented and discussed.

PMID- 1096192
TI  - Maxillary arch alignment in the bilateral cleft lip and palate infant, using
      pinned coaxial screw appliance.
AB  - An arch alignment appliance, capable of both maxillary expansion and premaxillary
      retraction, based on a pinned screw mechanism and capable of extraoral
      activation, is described and illustrated.

PMID- 1096193
TI  - Secondary reconstruction of the cervical esophagus.
AB  - Ten patients have had secondary reconstructions of the cervical esophagus after
      ablation of the laryngopharyngeal complex for cancer. Our use of deltopectoral
      flaps for this is described.

PMID- 1096194
TI  - Treatment of unilateral congenital hypoplasia or absence of the breast.

PMID- 1096195
TI  - Bonney's blue marking ink.

PMID- 1096196
TI  - Malar implants for improvement of the facial appearance.
AB  - Esthetic correction of flat malar eminences may contribute to the harmony of
      facial proportions by making the face more oval and by giving a more youthful
      appearance. Zygomatic augmentation may also be indicated for the treatment of
      congenital hypoplasias, asymmetries, or traumatic depressions of the malar
      region. We have used the procedure in 52 cases since 1964. For augmentation we
      use a perforated soft, silicone rubber implant. The technique and results are
      described. The results have been satisfactory, for both the patients and the
      surgeon.

PMID- 1096197
TI  - The nerve gap: suture under tension vs. graft.
AB  - Conduction velocities and amplitudes of evoked responses were used in
      experimental models to compare reinnervation through nerve gaps sutured under
      tension or bridged with nerve grafts. The best results were obtained when end-to
      end suture was done without tension. Regeneration through mildly stretched nerve
      repairs was equivalent to applying a properly tailored graft. Minimal axonal
      activity was exhibited by severely stretched repair sites.

PMID- 1096198
TI  - Reconstruction for aplasia of the breast and pectoral region by microvascular
      transfer of a free flap from the buttock.

PMID- 1096199
TI  - Editorial: What is really in the so-called "dermal pedicle" used in certain types
      of reduction mammaplasties?

PMID- 1096200
TI  - Alexander A. Limberg, M.D. 1894-1974.

PMID- 1096201
TI  - Stoicism and paranoia.
AB  - A paranoid strain is manifest in Stoic utterances generally, especially in the
      Stoic conception of autarky, where the Sage regards himself as distinctly "other"
      in the midst of society, and indifferent to its values, except as he dissembles
      his indifference. Now, influential theories of paranoia stress a projective
      process: for Freudians, the projection of repressed homosexual libido in altered
      form, for Ovesey, a "pseudohomosexual" anxiety arising out of a maladaptation in
      the male to the culturally assigned competitive male role, a failure perceived as
      effeminate. But Stoicism took root in the culture (Classical Greece) where
      homosexuality, far from being universally regarded as degenerate, was widely
      extolled as the norm for superior men and the most advantageous frame work for
      the tutelage of aristocratic boys. It would seem unlikely that paranoia in this
      context would reflect uneasiness over unconscious homoerotic (or distorted pseudo
      erotic) strivings. What light is shed on the purported projection of either
      homosexual or pseudo-homosexual anxiety by paranoid elements in Stoicism?

PMID- 1096202
TI  - Janet Rioch Bard. 1905-1974.

PMID- 1096203
TI  - The father-son conflict in Prometheus Unbound. The psychology of a vision.

PMID- 1096204
TI  - The Apology of Socrates.

PMID- 1096205
TI  - Physiological mechanisms in the control of maternal behavior in rats: a review.

PMID- 1096206
TI  - Impairment in abstract conceptualization in schizophrenia.

PMID- 1096207
TI  - Family interaction in disturbed and normal families: a methadological and
      substantive review.

PMID- 1096208
TI  - Psychological deficit in depression.

PMID- 1096209
TI  - On colored-hearing synesthesia: cross-modal translations of sensory dimensions.

PMID- 1096210
TI  - Development of search and object permanence during infancy.

PMID- 1096211
TI  - The enigmatic eidetic image: a critical examination of methods, data, and
      theories.

PMID- 1096212
TI  - Intrapsychic variables and the patient's environment as factors in prognosis.

PMID- 1096213
TI  - Arousal, activation, and effort in the control of attention.

PMID- 1096214
TI  - A computerized and categorized bibliography on locus of control.

PMID- 1096215
TI  - Contributions to the history of psychology: XXII. Sidney Marshall Jourard: 1926
      1974.

PMID- 1096216
TI  - Apomorphine-induced rotation in normal rats and interaction with unilateral
      caudate lesions.
AB  - Apomorphine (i.p.) induced rotational behavior (i.e. circling) in normal
      unoperated rats. This rotation increased with increasing dose up to 10.0 mg/kg,
      after which the dose-response curve appeared to plateau. Although there was large
      variability among rats, rotation for each rat was consistent in both direction
      and magnitude from week to week. Rotation was not antagonized by alpha-methyl
      para-tyrosine. When rats with unilateral lesions of the caudate nucleus were
      tested with apomorphine, postoperative rotation was significantly influenced by
      the direction of preoperative rotation; rats rotated more postoperatively if the
      lesion was made ipsilateral rather than contralateral to their preoperative
      direction of rotation. These results suggest that there is a bilateral asymmetry
      of dopaminergic receptors in the nigro-striatal pathways of normal rats.

PMID- 1096217
TI  - The effect of cyproheptadine on hunger, calorie intake and body weight in man.
AB  - The appetite stimulating action and the weight gaining potential of one month's
      treatment with the antihistamine and antiserotonergic compound cyproheptadine
      (Periactin) 4 mg three times daily was compared to placebo in a double-blind
      crossover trial in sixteen thin but otherwise normal volunteers who wanted to
      gain weight. Subjects gained significantly more weight on cyproheptadine than on
      placebo. There was also a corresponding relative increase in subjective hunger
      ratings and food intake during the period on active drug. Drowsiness was the most
      frequent side effect observed. These findings are discussed in relation to a
      possible serotonergic feeding mechanism.

PMID- 1096218
TI  - Extrapyramidal reactions and amine metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid during
      haloperidol and clozapine treatment of schizophrenic patients.
AB  - 8 male schizophrenic patients participated in a double-blind, cross over study of
      the extrapyramidal side-effects of haloperidol and clozapine (acute dystonis,
      Parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia), together with their effect on homovanillic
      acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the cerebrospinal fluid
      (CSF). Haloperidol (9 mg/day) caused Parkinsonism, reduced tardive dyskinesias
      and increased the HVA concentration in the CSF. Clozapine (225 mg/day) had no
      effect on the neurological phenomena but reduced HVA and 5-HIAA concentrations in
      the CSF. During the discontinuation phase following the administration of
      haloperidol, tardive dyskinesia occurred or was aggravated; this did not occur
      after administration of clozapine. Accordingly, it is suggested that clozapine
      does not induce dopaminergic hypersensibility and, therefore, will not induce
      tardive dyskinesias.

PMID- 1096219
TI  - [Effects of (--)delta-9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) on tests of
      psychoticism. A study of Eysenck's drug postulate on the effects of hallucinogens
      in relation to psychoticism (author's transl)].
AB  - In a double-blind study on 36 volunteers the effects of 250 mug/kg (--)delta-9
      trans-tetrahydrocannabinol p.o. on objective and performance tests measuring
      psychoticism according to Eysenck were assessed. The hypothesis was tested that
      subjects treated with delta-9-THC differ from those receiving placebo in the same
      way as endogenous psychotics differ from normals. Confirmation was obtained in
      only 5 out of 19 variables. Four of these 5 variables may be considered as tests
      of concentration.

PMID- 1096220
TI  - History of former groups and branches. (a) History of the activities of the
      Maternal and Child Health Group of the Society of Community Medicine.

PMID- 1096221
TI  - History of former groups and branches. (b) County Medical Officers of Health
      Group of the Society of Community Medicine and the Association of County Medical
      Officers of England and Wales.

PMID- 1096222
TI  - Education and health: the English tradition (2) the rise and fall of routine
      medical inspections.

PMID- 1096223
TI  - Eighty years on: a history of Halstead urban and rural district councils.

PMID- 1096225
TI  - Commemoration of Titus C. Evans (1907-1975).

PMID- 1096224
TI  - The repair of potentially lethal damage; an alternative approach.
AB  - An alternative approach to the explanation and analysis of post-irradiation
      effects is presented. The analysis is based on the repair of a radiation-induced
      lesion and it is shown that the experimental results are compatible with the
      repair of one type of critical lesion involved in cell reproductive death. The
      nature of the lesion with respect to potentially lethal damage and sub-lethal
      damage is discussed.

PMID- 1096226
TI  - Letter: Synergistic effect of simultaneous exposure to 60-Co gamma rays and 210
      Po alpha rays in diploid yeast.

PMID- 1096227
TI  - Cylic x-ray resistance to lethal and nonlethal damage in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.

PMID- 1096228
TI  - Removal of polymeric plutonium from dogs with DTPA and glucan.

PMID- 1096229
TI  - Radiosensitivity of continuous cultures: experiments with diploid yeast.

PMID- 1096230
TI  - Half a century of international health.

PMID- 1096231
TI  - [Nature of the end groups of DNA breaks induced by ionizing radiation in vivo].

PMID- 1096232
TI  - [Radioimmunological study of insulin secretion in acute radiation sickness].

PMID- 1096233
TI  - Osmotic Nephrosis Induced by Water-Soluble Triiodinated Contrast Media in Man. A
      Retrospective Study of 47 Cases.
AB  - Renal biopsies were performed in 211 patients which 10 days of excretory
      urography or renal arteriogrpahy in which diatrizoate, iothalamate or
      ioxithalamate had been used. In 47 renal specimens, osmotic nephrosis of the
      proximal tubular cells was found. Previous renal function had been normal in 10
      patients, moderately impaired in 19, and severely impaired in 18. Tubular atrophy
      and/or necrosis was associated with histological features in 29 of 47 patients.
      Diffuse osmotic nephrosis was more often found in patients biopsied soon after
      roentgenography and also with severe renal insufficiency, but was not necessarily
      associated with declining renal function. The mechanism(s) by which contrast
      media may induce osmotic nephrosis remains unclear.

PMID- 1096234
TI  - Computer Diagnosis of Breast Thermograms.
AB  - A computer-based technique was developed for the automated diagnosis of breast
      thermogram. Eighty-five thermograms were digitized and analyzed, and 23
      parameters computed for each thermogram. A statistical decision program, based on
      a linear discriminant analysis technique, classified the thermograms into normal
      and abnormal categories. The accuracy of classification was evaluated by several
      techniques and found to be comparable to that of trained thermographers.

PMID- 1096235
TI  - The Use of Computer Tomography in Ophthalmology.
AB  - Fifty-three orbital lesions of various types were studied by computer tomography
      to assess the capabilities and limitations of this technique. Although CT
      scanning in ophthalmology is in its infancy, results showed that it is useful in
      the investigation of a number of pathological conditions, including congenital
      anomalies, arteriovenous malformations, bone lesions, trauma, inflammation,
      granulomas, pseudotumors, epidermoid cysts, and tumors arising in or near the
      optic nerve, behind the optic bulb, or in the lacrimal region, as well as changes
      following eye surgery.

PMID- 1096236
TI  - Leonidas D. Marinelli, Ph.D. 1906-1974.

PMID- 1096237
TI  - Wilhelmina S. Scott, M.D. 1898-1974.

PMID- 1096238
TI  - Myocardial performance after anatomic or physiologic corrective surgery.

PMID- 1096239
TI  - [Dermatologic problems in population genetics].

PMID- 1096240
TI  - [Action of roentgen rays in keloids].

PMID- 1096241
TI  - [Alfred Marchionini. On the 10th anniversary of his death].

PMID- 1096242
TI  - [The 30th anniversary of the Department of Dermatology of the Medical Academy in
      Gdansk (1945-1975)].

PMID- 1096243
TI  - [The FTA-ABS IgM test in treated and untreated acquired syphilis].

PMID- 1096244
TI  - [Pathogenesis of erythema nodosum in the light of modern views].

PMID- 1096245
TI  - [Bactericidal action of disinfectants on some strains of acid-fast bacilli. II.
      Surface-active compounds].

PMID- 1096246
TI  - [Renal dysfunction in liver diseases].

PMID- 1096247
TI  - [Nonabsorbable suture material as a cause of ulcer in the anastomotic orifice?An
      endoscopic study of 31 patients].

PMID- 1096248
TI  - [Evan's syndrome as a basic expression of a reticulosarcoma].

PMID- 1096249
TI  - [Coagulation and anticoagulants in renal processes].

PMID- 1096250
TI  - [Use of echotomography in the evolution of renal transplantations].

PMID- 1096251
TI  - [Pneumopathies due to Klebsiella pneumoniae].

PMID- 1096252
TI  - [Clinical review of immunological disorders in liver diseases].

PMID- 1096253
TI  - [Posthepatitis hyperbilirubinemia].

PMID- 1096254
TI  - Cultures of pig macrophages.
AB  - Freshly collected blood from pigs was defibrinated with glass beads. The white
      cells were collected on a Ficoll-Hypaque mixture and grown in RPMI 1640 medium
      containing 20 per cent fetal calf serum. Monocytes adhered to the plastic or
      glass flasks and the erythrocytes and lymphocytes remained in suspension. The
      adherent cells assumed the appearance of macrophages and the mean cell size at
      eight days was 40 mum. Phagocytosis was demonstrated and, in the first few days,
      incorporation of tritiated thymidine occurred. Cells remained viable in culture
      for more than eight weeks. Histo-chemical studies and the appearance of the cells
      under the electron microscope are described.

PMID- 1096255
TI  - [Effectiveness of Voltaren and Brufen in rheumatic diseases].

PMID- 1096256
TI  - [Results with D-penicillamine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis].

PMID- 1096257
TI  - [Report on works with the motive of the 18th anniversary of the Instituto
      Nacional de la Nutricion].

PMID- 1096258
TI  - [Professeur Rafael Bartual Vicens 1908-1974].

PMID- 1096259
TI  - [Sir Victor Negus 1887-1974].

PMID- 1096260
TI  - [Immunological control of Torsalo (Dermatobia hominis L. Jr) Preliminary report].

PMID- 1096261
TI  - [Reproduction of Mycobacterium leprae inoculated into rats fed with putrid cow
      meat].

PMID- 1096262
TI  - [Characteristics of the multiresistant strains of Salmonella typhimurium causing
      cross infections in pediatric hospitals].

PMID- 1096263
TI  - [Studies concerning the change of temperatures in subjects with removable dental
      prostheses].

PMID- 1096264
TI  - [Theory of education in the work of E.B. Condillac (1714-1780)].

PMID- 1096265
TI  - [Extramusculoperiosteal resection in the treatment of bone tumors].

PMID- 1096266
TI  - [Two familial cases of congenital erythroderma ichthyosiforme].

PMID- 1096267
TI  - [Phenylketonuria: contribution of clinical psychology to the overall
      comprehension of the disease].

PMID- 1096268
TI  - [A mixed ceramic and ceramo-metallic bridge].

PMID- 1096269
TI  - [Results obtained with bone homograft in cystic tumors of the jaw].

PMID- 1096270
TI  - Neuronal organization and synaptic mechanisms of supraspinal motor control in
      vertebrates.

PMID- 1096271
TI  - Evidence for reentry as a mechanism of cardiac arrhythmias.

PMID- 1096272
TI  - Regulation of intracellular enzyme levels by limited proteolysis.

PMID- 1096273
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of the transplanted kidney].

PMID- 1096274
TI  - [The embryology of the vagina. A general up-to-date review. Its application for
      understanding of congenital absence of the vagina].

PMID- 1096275
TI  - A double-blind cross-over trail of Prenazone and aspirin in the management of
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A double-blind cross-over trial of Prenazone 600 mg and Aspirin 4 g daily was
      carried out on 20 patients suffering with rheumatoid arthritis. The analgesic and
      anti-inflammmatory activity was indistinguishable from that of aspirin under the
      conditions of the trail. Twelve patients expressed a general preference for
      Prenazone and six for aspirin. Prenazone appeared to be well tolerated and free
      from serious side-effects. These results suggest that it will be a useful drug in
      the management of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1096276
TI  - A double-blind cross-over trial of Prenazone (DA 2370) and phenylbutazone in
      rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - A short-term double-bind cross-over trial of prenazone 600 mg daily and
      phenylbutazone 300 mg daily was carried out in twenty out-patients with
      rheumatoid arthritis. Ten patients preferred prenazone, and eight preferred
      phenylbutazone. No significant difference in analgesic and antiinflammatory
      potency was demonstrated under the conditions of the trial, and no serious
      adverse effects, either clinical or laboratory, were encountered. These findings
      support other claims that prenazone may be a useful alternative in the treatment
      of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1096277
TI  - Editorial: Medicare and diagnosis.

PMID- 1096278
TI  - Lymphatics, lymphedema and lymphangiosarcoma.

PMID- 1096279
TI  - Horizontal flow clean room. Bacteriologic studies.

PMID- 1096280
TI  - Slow virus diseases.

PMID- 1096281
TI  - [Hygienic assessment of unboiled milk purchased in the Szczecinek County in
      1973].

PMID- 1096282
TI  - [Achievements in the field of food control during the 30 years of the Polish
      People's Republic].

PMID- 1096283
TI  - [Agricultural production of food products in the years 1950-1972 in the light of
      suggestions advanced by nutritional science].

PMID- 1096284
TI  - [Bone marrow graft].

PMID- 1096285
TI  - [Rheumatoid synovial fluid].
AB  - In making a comparative study of different parameters in the examination of
      synovial fluid (rheumatoid factors, ragocytes, leucocytes, synovial complement,
      immunoglobulins) the authors show that rheumatoid fluid has characteristics that
      make differentiation from other inflammatory arthropathies possible on a
      statistical basis, thanks to the test for the homogeneity of the means. The
      presence of these characteristics seems to constitute a diagnostic argument which
      can be measured by mathematical methods.

PMID- 1096286
TI  - [Quantitative histological study of the cartilage of human arthrotic femur head].
AB  - A quantitative histological study of the cartilage of the human arthrosic femoral
      head. In this work, samples of unsplit cartilage taken from 15 arthrosic femoral
      heads and 26 normal femoral heads from the same topographical areas, and of
      identical age, were studied by quantitative histological methods. This study was
      concerned with the thickness of the calcified and non-calcified cartilage, the
      cellular density, the average number of nuclei per lacuna, and the average
      surface area of the lacunae in the different layers of the cartilage. Comparison
      between the two groups of samples showed that the arthrosic cartilage differed
      from the normal cartilage by a diminution in the size of the superficial lacunae,
      a reduction in the number of nuclei per lacuna in the middle layer, a diminution
      in the cellularity of the deep layer and an augmentation in the layer of
      calcified cartilage. These modifications suggest that arthrosis of the hip is
      secondary to diffuse cellular alterations associating a diminution in metabolic
      activity and necrosis of the chondrocytes.

PMID- 1096287
TI  - [Teaching surgery at the Prague Medical Faculty (author's transl)].

PMID- 1096288
TI  - [The foundation of Surgical Clinic II of the faculty of general medicine of
      Charles university at Prague (author's transl)].

PMID- 1096289
TI  - Review: The baroreflex in arterial hypertension.

PMID- 1096290
TI  - Genetic control of B-cell responses. I. Selective unresponsiveness to
      lipopolysaccharide.
AB  - Spleen cells from C3H/HeJ mice fail to develop both proliferative responses and
      increased polyclonal antibody secretion in the presence of concentrations of the
      B-cell mitogen lipopolysaccharide that are optimal for the induction of B-cell
      responses in conventional strains. This unresponsiveness is selective for
      lipopolysaccharide, since C3H/HeJ spleen cells respond normally to two other
      polyclonal B-cell activators-dextran-sulphate and purified protein derivative of
      tuberculin. These findings are interpreted as indicating a selective defect in
      the B-cell subpopulation that responds to lipopolysaccharides in conventional
      strains.

PMID- 1096291
TI  - Serum factors causing impaired macrophage function in systemic lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - Leukocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy
      controls were cultured for 4 days in either SLE serum or control serum. The
      remaining monolayer of monocyte-derived macrophages was allowed to ingest yeast
      cells. Macrophages (from SLE patients or controls) incubated in SLE sera
      presented impaired phagocytic activity and glass adherence compared with cells
      grown in control sera. SLE sera contain one or more factors that impair
      macrophage function; IgG-containing immune complexes may be one such factor.

PMID- 1096292
TI  - Human interferon therapy for herpes zoster in adults.
AB  - Of 37 patients with herpes zoster 28 were treated with human exogenous interferon
      and 9 received only culture medium. The interferon was produced in leukocyte
      cultures and was given intramuscularly in one daily dose of 1 million units for 5
      8 days. In the interferon-treated patients interferon was detectable in serum
      (peak level 1-5 hours after interferon injections) and in vesicle fluid, and in
      some patients also in urine samples. Anti-interferon antibodies were not found.
      Of the 28 interferon-treated patients 8 had a slight temperature increase and 4
      showed a transient local reaction. In the interferon treated group of patients
      the duration of pain was shortened and the development of crust formation was
      enhanced compared with the control group.

PMID- 1096293
TI  - Epidemiological aspects of impetigo contagiosa in western Sweden.
AB  - 200 patients with primary impetigo were studied. Staphylococcus aureus was the
      only organism isolated in 72.5%, beta-hemolytic streptococci, group A, in 10%,
      and both pathogens in 15%. 17 of the 50 streptococcal isolates were typed
      serologically; 11 of these belonged to potentially nephritogenic types. A
      majority of these cases had identical strains in the nose and throat. Hence, the
      primary source of skin streptococcal in this study may be the nasopharynx.
      Uncomplicated cases were treated with topical antibiotics, and oral antibiotics
      were added in 22 cases with extensive lesions, fever or a concurrent throat
      infection. None of the 200 patients developed acute glomerulonephritis and
      urinary analyses were normal at follow-up after 3 weeks.

PMID- 1096294
TI  - Effect of circulating norepinephrine on the renin release from the denervated
      kidney.
AB  - The effect of renal denervation on the reactivity of the renin release mechanism
      to circulating norepinephrine was studied in six dogs with renal autografts. The
      renin release was determined simultaneously in the transplanted and the untouched
      kidney. Both kidneys showed an increased release of renin when norepinephrine was
      given. A slight reduction in renal blood flow and increase in arterial blood
      pressure was recorded. Propranolol blocked the release of renin induced by
      norepinephrine without affecting either the reduced blood flow thorugh the
      autograft or the elevated blood pressure. The denervation of the autotransplanted
      kidney was histochemically verified. The findings indicate that the renin release
      induced by circulating norepinephrine is independent of the intrarenal adrenergic
      nerves, and rather suggest that it is the result of an action of norepinephrine
      directly on the renin-producing juxtaglomerular cells. In this mechanism a beta
      adrenergic receptor system appears to be involved.

PMID- 1096295
TI  - Condylomata acuminata of the bladder.
AB  - A case of invasion of the bladder by condylomata acuminata in a kidney
      transplanted patient under immunosuppressive treatment is presented. Conservative
      treatment with application of podophyllin and transurethral resection was carried
      out. There were numerous recurrences, but so far it has been possible to control
      the disease, in contrast to the four cases found in the literature, which have
      all resulted in total cystectomy.

PMID- 1096296
TI  - Immunological aspects of sarcoidosis.
AB  - Circulating immune complexes were found in sera from patients with acute
      sarcoidosis during the initial phase of the disease. The symptoms of acute
      sarcoidosis may be explained by the presence of such complexes. The total number
      of peripheral T cells was lower in most patients with sarcoidosis than in healthy
      controls. The difference was most marked in cases with long duration of the
      disease. The composition of peripheral T cells was altered irrespective of the
      total number of such cells, and a lack of cells responding to PPD and con A was
      shown. Tis may be related to the impairment of delayed hypersensitivity reactions
      which may be present in all stages of the disease. The atypical mononuclear cells
      which have been found in blood from patients with sarcoidosis are lymphocytic
      cells. Some have B cell properties whereas some seem to have T cell origin. The
      presence of such cells may indicate a persistent activation of the immune system.
      Immunological reactivity determined by genes closely linked to the major
      histocompatibility complex does not seem to be responsible for susceptibility to
      sarcoidosis.

PMID- 1096298
TI  - The manipulation of genes.

PMID- 1096297
TI  - Live attenuated influenza virus vaccines in patients with chronic broncho
      pulmonary diseases. Clinical and immunological evaluation.
AB  - The safety and potency of two live attenuated influenza A virus vaccines,
      administered intranasally, were tested in outpatients suffering from chronic
      obstructive lung disease, during two successive trials performed between 1972 and
      1974. The vaccine strains were representative of the prevalent influenza A virus
      types; the Ann strain was derived from a classical H3N2 (A/Hong-Kong/878/69)
      isolated and the Alice strain from a recent H3N2 drift (A/England/42/72). The
      serum and nasal antibody responses were studied in a total of 40 vaccinees. When
      a sufficient virus dose was administered, the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI)
      seroconversion rate was, respectively, 86 and 73% for each vaccine trial in
      patients with low (less than or equal to 32) prevaccination antibody titers. A
      booster effect was also observed in some subjects with higher prevaccination
      titers. In the two trials, clear-cut rises in local antibody activity, as tested
      in nasal washings' samples were found in, respectively, 92 and 75% of the
      patients devoid of initial titer before vaccination and in 40 and 37%,
      respectively, of the subjects having low prevaccination titers. Clinical symptoms
      were observed in 29% of the cases; they were, however, mild and transient and
      their occurrence was not necessarily related to the vaccination. Two
      administrations of intranasal attenuated virus appear therefore to be safe and to
      lead to a satisfactory antibody response in this "high risk" group of patients.

PMID- 1096299
TI  - The carcinogenicity of dieldrin. Part I.

PMID- 1096300
TI  - Immunofluorescence of mitotic spindles by using monospecific antibody against
      bovine brain tubulin.
AB  - Monospecific antibody directed against bovine brain tubulin has been purified by
      affinity chromatography and tested against soluble tubulin and intact
      microtubules of brain and mitotic apparatus. Binding of the tubulin antibody to
      the mitotic spindle of rat kangaroo cells was demonstrated in all stages of
      mitosis by indirect immunofluorescence.

PMID- 1096301
TI  - Membrane transport: its relation to cellular metabolic rates.

PMID- 1096302
TI  - BCG inhibition of melanoma: specific?

PMID- 1096303
TI  - Intracellular aspects of the process of protein synthesis.

PMID- 1096304
TI  - Simple cyst of the kidney.

PMID- 1096305
TI  - Polycystic kidney disease.

PMID- 1096306
TI  - Studies on coagulation and fibrinolysis in cases of Falciparum malaria.
AB  - Coagulation and fibrinolytic studies were conducted in 18 cases of severe
      falciparum malaria including cases with parasitaemia above 5% and with pernicious
      manifestations such as coma, jaundice, anuria, pulmonary oedema, bleeding
      tendency, etc., irrespective of parasitaemia. Marked changes in blood
      coagulograms and high levels of serum fibrin degradation products appeared only
      in cases with very severe cerebral involvement and also in cases with very high
      parasitaemia alone. These investigations indicated that intravascular coagulation
      occurs only in patients suffering from falciparum malaira who develop cerebral
      manifestations and in cases with high parasitaemia.

PMID- 1096308
TI  - [Medical provisions for Bering's first Kamchatka expedition (1725--1730) (on the
      250th anniversary of the start of the expedition)].

PMID- 1096307
TI  - Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli diarrhoea in Malaysian children.

PMID- 1096309
TI  - [P.N. Diatroptov and his role in enviromental sanitation (on the 100th
      anniversary of the Kherson estates)].

PMID- 1096310
TI  - [Interintestinal anastomoses].

PMID- 1096311
TI  - [Organization of therapeutic aid during the years of the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1096312
TI  - [Characteristics of Soviet medicine during the years of the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1096313
TI  - [The past and present of the Soviet military-field surgery].

PMID- 1096314
TI  - [Successes of Soviet surgery during the years of the Great Patriotic War (1941
      1945)].

PMID- 1096315
TI  - [Humoral immunity and cellular hypersensitivity in liver cirrhosis].

PMID- 1096316
TI  - [Physician and English consul accused of poisoning Prince Milos (1838)].

PMID- 1096317
TI  - [Case of successful recovery after a perineo-anal injury of the impaling type in
      a 11-year-old girl].

PMID- 1096318
TI  - [Gigantofollicular lymphoma of the colon and ileum].

PMID- 1096319
TI  - [Knowledge of health conditions and deontological standards in Belgrade in the
      year 1850].

PMID- 1096320
TI  - [Pavel Evgenevic Lukomski].

PMID- 1096321
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Jan Cerny, M.D].

PMID- 1096322
TI  - [75th birthday of Prof. Jan Knobloch, M.D., D.Sc., Jun 28, 1900].

PMID- 1096323
TI  - [In memory of A.B. Wallace].

PMID- 1096324
TI  - [60th birthday of Chief Physician Jan Sterba, M.D].

PMID- 1096325
TI  - [Transplantation of the liver as a therapeutic method in experimental Amanita
      phalloides poisoning in miniature pigs].

PMID- 1096326
TI  - Maintenance haemodialysis and renal transplantation facilities in South Africa
      July 1974.
AB  - A survey of facilities available in South Africa for patients suffering from
      chronic renal failure was made in July 1974. This showed that 14 maintenance
      haemodialysis centres had a total of 59 dialysing stations with a capacity for
      treating 154 patients. Five centres had established programmes for renal
      transplantation. The total number of renal failure survivors on treatment
      included 129 patients on maintenance dialysis and 177 with grafts. This
      represents a 31% increase in the number of patients on treatment since a similar
      survey was made in July 1973.

PMID- 1096327
TI  - History of mental health services in South Africa. Part VII. Services since
      union.
AB  - The main task of the mental health service since Union has been to overcome a
      chronic shortage of accommodation. The main reason for the lack of success was
      financial. The strain on accommodation was partially relieved by the introduction
      of modern methods of treatment and by the erection of hospitals for Blacks in the
      Homelands. The new Mental Health ACT OF 1973 is an improvement on the Mental
      Disorders Act of 1916.

PMID- 1096328
TI  - Penetrating wounds of the heart and great vessels. Experience with 24 cases
      including 3 with intracardiac defects.
AB  - Twenty-four cases of penetrating cardiac injuries due to stab wounds, which were
      seen over a 3-year period, are reviewed. Ten patients were treated by aspiration
      alone because tamponade was mild, or because they were seen more than 12 hours
      after injury. One patient with multiple stab wounds in the ventricles and left
      atrium died during emergency thoracotomy in the admission room. The mortality
      rate of 4,5% is considerably lower than rates reported in other series. Two cases
      of traumatic ventricular septal defects, one case of traumatic aortic
      incompetence and sinus of Valsalva fistulae with rupture into the right ventricle
      and right atrium, and one case of ascending aorta-innominate vein fistula are
      discussed. Our present plan of management is outlined.

PMID- 1096329
TI  - Clinical experience with a synthetic absorbable surgical suture.
AB  - The Vicryl suture was assessed in 72 surgical patients who underwent follow-up
      observation for at least 30 days, and it proved to be an excellent inert
      absorbable synthetic suture.

PMID- 1096330
TI  - Transanal excision of sessile rectal polyps.

PMID- 1096331
TI  - Surgeons at the Little Big Horn.

PMID- 1096332
TI  - Ernist Sachs, A.B., M.D., F.A.C.S., 1879-1958.

PMID- 1096333
TI  - Obituary: Professor E. Latunde Odeku B.Sc., M.D., L.M.C.C. (Canada), D.A.B.N.S.,
      F.I.C.S., F.A.C.S., F.M.C.S. (Nigeria).

PMID- 1096334
TI  - Editorial: Veterans Administration and the care of those paralyzed by spinal cord
      injury.

PMID- 1096335
TI  - Remembrances of Hermann Burian.

PMID- 1096336
TI  - The Oxford Ophthalmological Congress.

PMID- 1096337
TI  - Transplantation of rat kidneys with acute tubular necrosis into salt-loaded and
      normal recipients.

PMID- 1096338
TI  - Metabolic rate in acute respiratory failure complicating sepsis.
AB  - A simple, reproducible, and noninvasive method was developed for measuring
      metabolic rate in patients receiving assisted ventilation and increased
      concentrations of inspired O2. In nonseptic patients requiring assisted
      ventilation, metabolic rate was within the predicted normal range, but in septic
      patients it was increased by an average of 60 percent over the predicted normal.
      This level of resting hypermetabolism is greater than previously reported in
      septic patients not requiring assisted ventilation. The explanation of this
      difference is likely to be related to the greater severity of the illness in the
      present group. The potential clinical significance of these findings is
      discussed.

PMID- 1096339
TI  - Notes on the handling of ultrafine suture material.
AB  - For the convenient handling of microsurgical suture materials, suitable forceps
      are needed and these must be finely adjusted and well cared for. Only a short
      length of thread should be used on the needle. Difficulties arise in picking up
      the needle, in making a loop in the thread, in keeping the loop on the forceps
      while tying, and in picking up the end of the thread. Simple methods of avoiding
      entanglement and exasperation in these situations are described.

PMID- 1096340
TI  - Effect of antithymocyte globulin and other immune reactants on human platelets.
AB  - Human platelets suspended in autologous plasma do not respond to nonspecific
      immune complexes as do platelet suspensions from rabbits and dogs. However,
      platelets of all three species do undergo aggregation and the release reaction
      when exposed to antibodies directed against platelets. Antithymocyte globulin
      (ATG) contains such antibodies, apparently because of antigens common to both
      thymocytes and platelets. ATG-induced platelet aggregation and release is thus a
      specific reaction which may be responsible for the thrombocytopenia and
      thrombotic complications occasionally seen following the administration of ATG.
      However, if ATG is given properly, its effect on platelets should not constitute
      a contraindication to the use of this immunosuppressive drug. Since nonspecific
      immune complexes do not affect human platelets in the presence of plasma, it
      would appear that platelet aggregates seen in hyperacute and acute rejection
      result from endothelial damage rather than an effect of immune complexes on
      platelets.

PMID- 1096341
TI  - Recognition and treatment of pathologic fractures in the nineteenth century.
AB  - The spread of cancer to the skeletal system was first clearly recognized in the
      19th century, and accounts of pathologic fractures appear in many clinical and
      pathologic reports published during that period. Noteworthy descriptions included
      fractures observed in both living patients and in patients who died of cancer.
      The problems considered by the 19th century physicians included the still timely
      areas of clinical diagnosis, prevention of fracture, the occurrence of
      prefracture pain, and treatment by immobilization or operation.

PMID- 1096342
TI  - Effect of three proteinaceous foreign materials on infected and subinfected wound
      models.
AB  - A model was devised to determine the effects of several foreign bodies
      (microcrystalline collagen hemostat (MCCH), blood clot, catgut suture) on S.
      aureus wound contamination and wound infection. In a subinfected wound model,
      MCCH, when compared with the other foreign bodies, showed an increase in the
      number of wounds classified as "contaminated," but 84 percent of these wounds
      yielded bacterial counts below the level accepted for biologically significant
      wound infection (10 to the 5th power bacteria per gram tissue). The number of
      "infected" wounds was not significantly greater than the number found in the
      uninoculated control group. In the infected wound model, all groups of inoculated
      animals showed significant infections. The severity of the wound infection was
      unaffected by the presence of catgut suture, clotted blood, or MCCH. Higher
      levels were not seen for the MCCH animals than for the inoculated control
      animals. We did not see in these experimental wound studies with MCCH a
      significant aggravation of wound contamination or wound infection during the 48
      hour period following inoculation with varying dose levels of S. aureus. Further
      studies would be necessary to determine the possible bacteriological response
      after 48 hours.

PMID- 1096343
TI  - Tradition and innovation: reflections on selected historical highlights in the
      field of hepatic surgery.

PMID- 1096344
TI  - Renal autotransplantation and partial resection of the ureter for recurrent
      benign ureteral tumor.
AB  - A report of a patient treated by partial resection of the ureter and renal
      autotransplantation for recurrent benign ureteral tumors and impaired renal
      function in the contralateral kidney is presented. Autotransplantation of the
      ipsilateral kidney associated with benign disease of the renal excretory system
      is recommended even with normal function of the contralateral kidney. Experience
      with renal homotransplantation has led to excellent technical and functional
      results from autotransplantation, and use of the procedure is expanding to
      include treatment of a variety of renal, ureteral, and renovascular pathology.
      The role of renal autotransplantation in the preservation of functioning renal
      units is emphasized.

PMID- 1096345
TI  - Pyloric reflux gastritis: the offending agent.
AB  - Tubes of canine gastric corpus were constructed so that the mucosa was exposed
      chronically to jejunal contents, pancreatic juice, or bile. Biopsies of these
      mucosae obtained 4 to 24 months later were compared with each other and with the
      normal stomach for parietal cell numbers, mucus cell numbers, inflammation,
      glandular disorder, and surface-cell hyperplasia. All three preparations showed
      marked gastrititis, but whole jejunal contents caused more severe changes than
      did either pancreatic juice or bile, which were approximately equal.

PMID- 1096346
TI  - Computerization of the surgical intensive care unit: improvement of patient care
      via education.
AB  - For the past 18 months we have been evaluating and developing a computerized
      patient-monitoring system in our surgical intensive care unit. Despite the
      enormous potential for use of such systems, we have been impressed with its
      underutilization and its failure to yield objective improvement in patient care
      at our institution and many others. The output of the system was ignored because
      the decision maker was unable or unwilling to integrate the more sophisticated
      data presented to him. The computer was relegated to the position of "redundant
      secretary". In an attempt to reverse this situation, we have developed a
      multilevel, multigoal educational system employing the computer. We have
      implemented brief educational programs for use by all unit personnel to explain
      deviant monitored variables. Given a physiologic subsystem and a particular
      variable, personnel can: (1) inquire whether or not the variable is deviant; (2)
      obtain a list of probable causes for the deviation; (3) obtain an explanation of
      the pathophysiology of particular deviants as well as instruction on how to
      identify a most probable cause; and (4) inquire how to correct specific deviants.
      When we monitored the system utilization after implementation of the educational
      programs, we found all of the system had improved utilization. As a result we
      have a better educated staff who communicate more effectively, deal with more
      sophisticated information, and make better decisions with resultant improved
      patient care. Additionally, the staff is eager to help improve the system. We
      believe the full potential of such systems can be obtained only through
      education.

PMID- 1096347
TI  - [25th anniversary of the Swedish people's gift, the Pediatric Clinic of the
      Government Hospital].

PMID- 1096349
TI  - [Evgenii Mikhailovich Tareev (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 1096348
TI  - [Functional state of the islands of langerhans in acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1096350
TI  - [Pexide, a new coronary drug].

PMID- 1096351
TI  - Measurement of cardiac output by thermal dilution in infants and children.
AB  - The accuracy of the thermal dilution technique for measuring cardiac output in
      infants and children has been assessed by comparison with the direct Fick
      technique. Satisfactory correlation between the two methods has been
      demonstrated, and it is concluded that a commercially available monitor can be
      used to determine cardiac output by thermal dilution in acutely sick infants and
      children. The volume of injectate should be selected according to the weight of
      the child, and the value displayed by the monitor should be adjusted by the
      appropriate fraction.

PMID- 1096352
TI  - Intravenous prednisolone in chronic bronchial asthma.
AB  - A single injection of 40 mg prednisolone phosphate was given to 10 patients with
      chronic bronchial asthma. Changes in pulmonary function were followed over a 30
      hour period. Statistically significant changes occurred in the tests employed one
      hour after the injection of prednisolone. The maximum change for the group as a
      whole was seen to occur after eight hours. This time course of response is very
      similar to that obtained in previous studies on similar groups of patients with
      oral prednisolone where the peak effect occurred nine hours after the drug had
      been given. Intravenous hydrocortisone produces a much earlier peak effect, at
      five hours, when it is administered to chronic asthmatic patients.

PMID- 1096353
TI  - Growth and development of human fetal trachea and lung in immune-deprived mice.
AB  - Trachea and lung parenchyma from human fetuses were transplanted subcutaneously
      into immune-deprived mice. After seven to 10 weeks they were removed for
      histological examination. It was found that the tissues continued to grow and
      develop along similar lines to those which they would have followed in utero.

PMID- 1096354
TI  - [Infections in children with respiratory syncytial virus. A rapid diagnostic
      method for virus isolation in the nasopharyngeal aspirate].

PMID- 1096355
TI  - [Group B streptococcus--Streptococcus agalactiae--in man].

PMID- 1096356
TI  - [Fine arts and neurology].

PMID- 1096357
TI  - [Tuberculosis in historical perspective].

PMID- 1096358
TI  - [BCG-vaccination in Norway. Short history].

PMID- 1096359
TI  - [Problems of resistance (author's transl)].
AB  - The results of sensitivity tests performed during the period from 1970 up to 1973
      inclusive are compared with those obtained in pervious years. This showed that
      resistance to penicillin had increased in staphylococci causing bovine mastitis.
      During each single year, however, there was a decrease. S. typhimurium isolated
      from cattle showed increased resistance to chloramphenicol, neomycin and
      ampicillin; S. dublin showed an increase in resistance to chloramphenicol. E.
      coli isolated from calves with coli-bacillosis had become less sensitive to all
      the antibiotics studied. Pathogenic strains of E. coli isolated from swine also
      showed increased resistance, among others to tetracycline, neomycin and
      ampicillin. The danger constituted by this development and the factthat
      comparison with the results obtained by other presents difficulties in some cases
      are stressed.

PMID- 1096360
TI  - [A case of cutaneous actinomycosis (streptothricosis) in cattle, caused by
      dermatophilus congolensis (author's transl)].
AB  - A skin condition in cattle, associated with crusted lesions on the back, flanks,
      neck, head and skin of the udder was found to be cutaneous actinomycosis
      (streptothricosis) caused by D. congolensis, which is common in tropical regions
      during the rainy season. This actinomycete was isolated for the first time from
      cattle in the Netherlands in the case reported. Data culled from the literature
      as well as the diagnosis and treatment of the patient are discussed.

PMID- 1096361
TI  - [Farewell to Dr. A. van Keulen. At the forefront for the irreplaceable veterinary
      contribution to public health].

PMID- 1096362
TI  - [The femoro-crural venous bypass in chronic arterial block of the leg (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A report on 58 reconstructive vascular operations in chronic blocks of arteries
      of the leg. 4 different types of block in these arteries can be distinguished.
      Operation is indicated only in severe disturbances of circulation of stage III
      and IV. The criterion for reconstruction is not found in the proximal part of the
      arteries. Angiographic proof of at least one leg-artery down to the periphery
      being patent and permitting free flow is required. The various techniques
      applicable to each type of block, early and late results are reported on. Suring
      a period of up to 3 years block recurred in 26%. Most recurrences (46%) were seen
      within the first 30 days.

PMID- 1096363
TI  - [Successful surgical correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage into
      the portal vein in a ten days old infant (author's transl)].
AB  - An infant, nine days old, with total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage into the
      portal vein was examined. The exact anatomy was clarified by means of cardiac
      catheterization and angiocardiography. One day later the operation was performed
      utilizing circulatory arrest in deep hypothermia. The procedure was successful,
      and the child, two years old now, is doing well. The problems of examination,
      treatment and surgery are discussed. There are only a few cases with successful
      correction in the literature.

PMID- 1096364
TI  - [Treatment of burns].

PMID- 1096365
TI  - The occurrence and determination of N-nitroso compounds.

PMID- 1096366
TI  - Toxicology of N-nitroso compounds.

PMID- 1096367
TI  - Assessment of human exposure and response to N-nitroso compounds: a new view on
      the etiology of digestive tract cancers.

PMID- 1096368
TI  - Environmental N-nitroso compounds: implications for public health.

PMID- 1096369
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of tissue preparations after removal of epoxy resin.

PMID- 1096370
TI  - Gelantinized fine-grained sponge to support frozen eyes during sectioning.

PMID- 1096371
TI  - Agar-screew specimen carrier for bulk processing of biopsy material for electron
      microscopy.
AB  - A specimen carrier for processing large numbers of biopsy materials for epoxy
      embedding and electron microscopy is described. Commercially available  18-mesh
      stainless steel or 16-mesh aluminum wire screening is used. The screening is cut
      into 1 x 3-inch strips. One corner is snipped off for orientation purposes. Four
      drops of warm 4% agar is placed on a prewarmed standard microscopic glass slide.
      A thin agar support film is formed on the bottom side of the horizontally held
      wire screen by lightly running it against the agar. Tissue blocks trimmed to 1 mm
      3 are blotted on filter paper and placed in a prearranged order on the top
      surface of the support film. A thin top coating of agar is applied on the
      specimen by touching it with the tip of a pasteur pipette containing warm 4%
      agar. The agar-screen unit with the mounted specimens is stabilized in 4%
      buffered formalin and rinsed with Sorenson's phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, with 6.8%
      sucrose. It is then processed as a unit through routine osmium tetroxide
      postfixation, alcohol dehydration, and Epon 812 filtration. The tissue blocks are
      plucked off the agar support film with fine-tipped tweezers and embedded in
      individual capsules. No difficulty in thin sectioning was encountered and
      examination of the sections under the electron microscope showed good
      infiltration by the epoxy resin.

PMID- 1096372
TI  - Nitrocellulose sectioning of heads of larval Cerambycidae (Coleoptera).

PMID- 1096373
TI  - Toxoplasmosis serological surveys among the inhabitants of some governorates of
      Egypt.

PMID- 1096374
TI  - Comparison of diaminodiphenylsulphonepyrimethamine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine
      combinations in the treatment of falciparum malaria in Thailand.

PMID- 1096375
TI  - Mr. Stephen H. Pilton.

PMID- 1096376
TI  - Letter: Concomitant infection by Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma cruzi.

PMID- 1096377
TI  - Cerebral malaria in a virulent rodent plasmodial infection.

PMID- 1096378
TI  - Anaemia in mice with concomitant Schistosoma mansoni and Plasmodium berghei
      yoelii infection.
AB  - 1. The effect on anaemia in mice given Plasmodium berghei yoelii 3 and 5 weeks
      after exposure to Schistosoma mansoni cercariae, was investigated. 2.
      Haematological criteria (PCV and haemoglobin levels), reticulocytosis,
      parasitaemia and splenomegaly were used as indices. 3. Anaemia was severe in the
      animals given P. b. yoelii and in those with mixed infection (P. b: yoelii plus
      S. mansoni). Malaria was found to dominate the picture until the clearance of the
      parasitaemia. The effect of the interaction between the diseases on the anaemia
      was nil. 4. Toward the end of the experiment, moderate splenomegaly was observed
      in the mice with mixed infection.

PMID- 1096379
TI  - The rapid isolation from human blood of concentrated, white-cell-free
      preparations of Plasmodium falciparum.
AB  - The sucrose gradient centrifugation method has been applied to representative
      samples of human (Gambian) blood infected with ring, trophozoite, schizont and
      gametocyte stages of P. falciparum in order to assess quantitatively the
      efficiency of recovery, white cell removal and the degree of enrichment of the
      infected cell fraction. Maximal white cell removal was 90%. (a.v.) Average
      infected cell recoveries varied with the level of white cell contamination,
      namely 47% (2-5% WBC), 34% (1-2% WBC) and 24% (smaller than 1% WBC); infected
      cells were enriched 2-9-fold on average, and up to 22-fold in the case of
      gametocytes. Preliminary attempts to prepare free parasites by nitrogen
      cavitation of infected cells showed that disruption took place at much lower
      pressures than those required to break normal red cells. Gel diffusion analyses
      showed that the most highly purified infected cell preparations retained the full
      precipitinogenic spectrum of the original crude preparation.

PMID- 1096380
TI  - Counter-current immunoelectrophoresis for the demonstration of malarial antigens
      and antibodies in the sera of rats and mice.

PMID- 1096381
TI  - Development and distribution of immunoglobulin-bearing cells in mice.

PMID- 1096382
TI  - Functional analysis of murine and human B lymphocyte subsets.

PMID- 1096383
TI  - Functional analysis of B cell heterogeneity.

PMID- 1096384
TI  - [Ecology of Culex pipiens fatigans larvae in an area of high endemicity of
      Bancroftian filariasis (author's transl)].
AB  - Culex pipiens fatigans in the main vector of bancroftian filariasis in the
      Mayotte island (Comores) where it imposes an important health problem. The
      breeding-sites of C. p. fatigans are either man-made (latrines, cesspools,
      various containers), or natural (polluted water of estuaries of some rivers). The
      man-made breeding-sites are not similarly distributed in the different localities
      of the island. Their distribution varies according to the customs of the
      inhabitants, size and site of the community. They are mainly represented by
      latrines, where Anjouan ethnic group is predominent; by cesspools in localities
      inhabited by Sakalava (a Malagasian ethnic group) and by other latrines and
      cesspools in mahoraises (inhabitants of Mayotte) and cosmopolitan localities. In
      rural areas, the percentage of habitations with cesspools usually increases with
      the size of the villages. The various breeding-sites are primarily productive
      when they are built on a ground with poor permeability. The importance of the
      present information is further discussed with relation to the population dynamics
      of C.p. fatigans and to the measures which may be useful for a control program of
      this mosquito.

PMID- 1096385
TI  - [Chemotherapeutic studies on litomosoides carinii infection of mastomys
      natalensis. 5. Alterations of haematological parameters after the administration
      of filaricidal compounds (author's transl)].
AB  - The peripheral blood picture of multimammate rats (Mastomys natalensis) infected
      with Litomosoides carinii was studied. Changes were followed in patent infections
      from 64 to 176 days after infection in animals treated with diethylcarbamazine (5
      x 100 mg/kg per os), HOE 258 V (5 X 10 mg/kg subcutaneously), suramin (5 x 40
      mg/kg subcutaneously) and with a combined treatment of diethylcarbamazine and
      suramin. In addition, haematological changes were followed in non-infected
      animals treated with suramin alone as well as in non-infected and infected
      animals receiving no treatment. During the course of non-treated L. carinii
      infection in Mastomys natalensis, animals developed anaemia, an increased
      sedimentation rate and a leucopenia. In addition there was a relative increase in
      circulating eosinophils, in large lymphocytes and monocytes and a relative
      decrease in small lymphocytes. After treatment with the microfilaricidal drugs
      diethylcarbamazine and HOE 258 V blood changes followed those of infection
      controls but there was a transient change towards normal in peripheral blood
      values when the microfilariaemia was reduced by the drugs. After treatment with
      the macrofilaricide suramin, nearly normal values were reached at the end of the
      experiment for the red blood cell and leucocytes levels. Combined treatment with
      suramin and diethylcarbamazine resulted in relatively normal levels for some
      parameters. Suramin was shown to cause haematological changes in normal animals
      which became evident several days before use of the drug. Such changes added to
      the pathological alterations caused by the filarial infection. In both infected
      and non-infected animals suramin treatment resulted in oedema around the nose and
      on the front feet approximately three weeks afterwards.

PMID- 1096386
TI  - [A  method of assessing the index of inheritability of non-sex-limited traits in
      herds of farm animals].

PMID- 1096387
TI  - [Cytogenetic characteristics of suckling mouse brain cell cultures, chronically
      infected with Japanese encephalitis virus].
AB  - The brain cells of the suckling mice line MSB-1-K-33 chronically infected by an
      attenuated variant of the Japanese encephalitis virus and of cell clones isolated
      from the later, had mainly a neartetraploid keryotype (the modal class 70-71
      chromosomes). In metaphases of cloned cell populations, an increase of number of
      the chromosomes was especially obvious in clones 3 and 4 (modal classes in both
      cases were 76-77 chromosomes). Cell population of clone 1 differed
      insignificantly from that of the parental line MSB-1-K-33 in respect of its
      cytogenetic characteristics. In metaphases of the line MSB-1-K-33 and clones 1,
      3, and 4, a high frequency of chromosomal damages was observed. The most frequent
      type of structural chromosome aberrations were chromatid breaks. The karyotypes
      of clones 3 and 4 were characterized by presence of a large marker metacentric
      chromosome in 50-53% of the cells. The data obtained suggest a continuous effect
      of the Japanese encephalitis virus on the karyotype of cells in infected culture.

PMID- 1096388
TI  - A comparative study of daily followed by twice or once weekly regimens of
      ethambutol and rifampicin in retreatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
      The results at 1 year. A cooperative tuberculosis chemotherapy study in Poland.
AB  - The present report concerns the results at 1 year of a co-operative controlled
      clinical study carried out in Poland of the retreatment of patients with active,
      chronic, polyresistant far-advance pulmonary tuberculosis with an oral regimen of
      daily followed by intermittent ethambutol and rifampicin. A comparison was made
      of once- and twice-weekly supervised intermittent regimens of rifampicin 1200 mg
      plus ethambutol 50 mg/kg body weight under out-patient conditions after an
      initial inpatient phase of rifampicin 600 mg and ethambutol 25 mg/kg daily for 12
      weeks. Patients were allocated at random to the regimens. Of 247 patients
      admitted to the study, 201 (81 per cent) completed 1 year's treatment as
      prescribed by the protocol, 46 (19 per cent) patients terminated their treatment
      prematurely before 1 year. After the daily phase of 12 weeks' treatment, 82 per
      cent were negative on smear and 85 per cent on culture; in the continuation
      intermittent phase, 98 per cent of patients in the once-weekly (E1R1) regimen
      were negative on culture at 28 weeks and 98 per cent in the twice-weekly (E2R2)
      regimen. The corresponding proportions at 52 weeks were 97 per cent and 97 per
      cent. At 12 months, 96 per cent of 101 ER/E1R1 and 96 per cent of 100 ER/E2R2
      patients who completed 1 years' treatment were culture-negative.

PMID- 1096389
TI  - A trial to investigate reactions and responses to BCG vaccines of different
      strengths prepared from the Copenhagen 1331 strain.
AB  - Seven hundred and ninety-three tuberculin-negative school-children were
      vaccinated with BCG vaccine prepared from either the 1077 substrain, at 0-3 mg/ml
      moist weight, or the 1331 substrain at 0-15 and 0-3 mg/ml moist weight. Local
      vaccination reactions and Mantoux tuberculin conversion were measured. There were
      no differences between the 1077 vaccine and the lower strength 1331 vaccine. The
      more potent 1331 product, however, produced marginally larger vaccination lesions
      and a slightly increased tuberculin allergy. The small increase in size of the
      vaccination lesions was considered acceptable and vaccine of this type would be
      satisfactory for use in the United Kingdom.

PMID- 1096390
TI  - [Polyglycolic acid (Dexon) used as suture material for the repair of
      episiotomies].

PMID- 1096391
TI  - [Letter: Dexon in urinary tract surgery].

PMID- 1096392
TI  - [Medullary compression in systemic malignant diseases. The imperative importance
      of early therapy].

PMID- 1096393
TI  - [The constipating effect of diphenoxylate (Retardin) in ulcerative colitis. A
      double-blind controlled study].

PMID- 1096394
TI  - [After care of operated bronchogenic carcinoma with an atoxic antineoplastic
      agent].

PMID- 1096395
TI  - [Preventive preoperative digitalization of elderly patients. A prospective
      controlled study].

PMID- 1096396
TI  - Propantheline bromide in massive upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
AB  - The effectiveness of the anticholinergic, propantheline bromide, administered
      parenterally in patients with upper gastro-intestinal bleeding has been
      investigated in a double-blind study. The basic material consisted of 99
      patients. No differences were found between the group receiving propantheline
      bromide and the group receiving placebo in regard to clinical factors such as
      duration of intensive care, total hospital stay and surgical frequency. However,
      21 patients under 50 years of age showed a significantly lower blood transfusion
      requirement with the use of propantheline bromide.

PMID- 1096397
TI  - Cardiac output determinations with ear piece densitometry.
AB  - The results of cardiac output determinations by a dye dilution technique were
      compared using (a) a dichromatic earpiece which was calibrated as a flow-through
      cuvette, but also permitted automatic computing by virtue of a pressure capsule,
      and (b) an ordinary flow-through densitometer. Eleven subjects, some with cardio
      pulmonary disease, were investigated. Cardiac outputs were systematically
      overestimated when automatically computed. The results obtained by manual
      calculation with the ear-piece corresponded more nearly with those derived from
      the flow-through cuvette, but still with a deviation from the identity line and
      with a residual standard deviation of 0.8 l/min. Double determinations had a
      residual standard deviation of 0.7 l/min. Despite its ease of handling, an
      earpiece densitometer seems to be too unreliable to be suitable for routine use.

PMID- 1096398
TI  - Plasma erythropoietin activity before and after renal homotransplantation in
      humans.
AB  - Plasma erythropoietin levels were determined by Keighley's method to study the
      changes in erythropoiesis before and after human renal homotransplantation.
      Results. Erythropoietin titres in pre-transplant patients were low, while they
      returned to normal after successful renal transplantation. In acute rejection
      they were significantly high. After its reversal normal levels of erythropoietin
      were obtained in accordance with a normalization of the graft functions.
      Reticulocyte counts paralleled with erythropoietin values. Conclusion. High
      levels of plasma erythropoietin contribute to the diagnosis of acute rejection.
      Normalization of the plasma erythropoietin levels after the acute rejection could
      be regarded as an indication for good function of the graft. The grafted kidneys
      seem to function in producing erythropoietin.

PMID- 1096399
TI  - Letter: Clinical comparison of flavoxate and phenazopyridine.

PMID- 1096400
TI  - Regional differences in patterns of urinary tract infections.
AB  - The identity of 693 pathogenic bacilli isolated from 2,175 urine specimens
      cultured during a two-year period in southeastern New Mexico is presented along
      with results of sensitivity testing by Kirby-Bauer technique.  The pattern of
      infections and sensitivity studies in hospitalized patients is compared with that
      of office patients and contrasted with results noted in other areas.

PMID- 1096402
TI  - Wallace method of ureteroileal anastomosis.
AB  - The Wallace technique for ureteroileal anastomosis was used in 28 consecutive
      patients requiring urinary diversion. Details of the surgical technique are
      reported. The method is found to be appropriate for children and adults, for
      primary ureteroileal anastomosis, or for revision of previous ureteroileal
      anastomosis done by other techniques, and for patients with one or two ureters.
      Its continued use appears to be indicated.

PMID- 1096401
TI  - Urinary tract infections in black female children.
AB  - It has been demonstrated in several studies that prepubertal black females have a
      lower incidence of urinary tract infection than do white females of the same age.
      Other racial differences in the natural history of urinary tract infection have
      been suggested, but thus far very few young black girls with urinary tract
      infection have been thoroughly studied. The records of 56 black female children
      with urinary tract infections were reviewed and the clinical, laboratory, and
      radiologic manifestations of their diseases documented. No attempt was made to
      compare data from blacks to that from whites since many studies composed
      primarily of white children are available in recent literature. This study is
      offered as baseline data on black female children to which future studies of
      black or white children may be compared.

PMID- 1096403
TI  - Transplantation in the hemolytic-uremic syndrome.
AB  - A case history of a fifty-seven-year-old white woman with hemolytic-uremic
      syndrome who was successfully transplanted with a cadaver homograft is reported.
      A review of the pertinent literature regarding the pathophysiology of the
      syndrome and the experience to date with transplantation is presented.

PMID- 1096404
TI  - Reversal of hypercoagulable state by bilateral nephrectomy.
AB  - The hypercoagulable state associated with select cases of glomerulonephritis is
      difficult to diagnose by standard laboratory techniques but is clinically
      manifested by recurrent shunt and fistula thrombosis which may be refractory to
      anticoagulant therapy. Bilateral nephrectomy reversed this hypercoagulable state.
      After renal allograft, however, the patient experienced hyperacute rejection, and
      transplant nephrectomy was required to cure the recurrent hypercoagulable state.
      The mechanism of this previously unreported phenomenon and its implications with
      regard to renal transplantation are discussed.

PMID- 1096405
TI  - Fountain of the consuls.

PMID- 1096406
TI  - Cadaver donor nephrectomy.
AB  - Optimal preservation of renal and ureteral structure and function is attempted by
      maintenance of renal circulation during heart-beating cadaver nephrectomy.
      Modifications of Ackermann's en bloc procedure for removal of cadaver kidneys are
      suggested to adapt this procedure to the heart-beating cadaver situation.

PMID- 1096407
TI  - Pertinent genitourinary embryology: review for practicing urologist.

PMID- 1096408
TI  - Polycythemia following renal transplantation.
AB  - Among 60 renal allograft recipients, 3 patients were found to be polycythemic 
      with hematocrits greater than 55 and were studied extensively with various
      hematologic and radiographic procedures. None of the patients showed evidence of
      erythropoietin-secreting malignancies, renal cysts, hydronephrosis, or hypoxemia.
      All had elevated erythropoietin levels, and 1 showed evidence of platelet
      trapping in his transplanted kidney, suggesting that the chronic polycythemia may
      be related to transplant rejection.

PMID- 1096409
TI  - Experimental evaluation of bladder closure techniques.
AB  - Two methods of bladder closure have been evaluated in dogs. A conventional two
      layer closure including the mucosa and a single layer running horizontal mattress
      extramucosal closure have been compared. Observations including adequacy of
      healing, strength of scar, degree of inflammatory reaction, dna degree of bladder
      adhesions have been made. The extramucosal running horizontal mattress closure
      appears to approach the ideal bladder closure.

PMID- 1096410
TI  - Acute renal failure in sickle cell trait.
AB  - Acute renal failure and a syndrome characteristic of acute renal vein thrombosis
      developed in a patient with sickle trait and gram-negative bacteremia. It is
      suggested that intrarenal vaso-occlusion by sickled erythrocytes produced signs
      and symptoms typical of renal vein thrombosis and contributed to the severity of
      the acute renal failure.

PMID- 1096411
TI  - Traveling bullets in genitourinary tract.
AB  - A bullet lodged in the renal parenchyma, then migrated into the collecting system
      over a two-month period causing acute renal colic and necessitating removal by
      pyelotomy. A review of the literature discloses only 8 cases of projectiles
      migrating in the urinary tract, 5 involving metallic fragments and 3 involving
      bullets.

PMID- 1096412
TI  - Andrews' varicocele clamp.

PMID- 1096413
TI  - Directory of ophthalmic societies.

PMID- 1096414
TI  - A combined needle holder-scissors for ocular surgery.

PMID- 1096415
TI  - In memoriam: Arthur M. Chickering, 1887-1974.

PMID- 1096416
TI  - Morbidity and mortality of chronic hemodialysis compared to renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 1096417
TI  - Prototype for an implantable micropump powdered by piezoelectric disk benders.
AB  - A prototype for an implantable mul pump to be used in an artificial pancreas has
      been constructed, in which pressure is developed by a bellows formed from 2
      apposed piezoelectric disk benders connected to the high impedance secondary
      winding of aminiature transformer. Active valving, properly phased, is achieved
      by a miniature solenoid valve connected in series with the transformer primary
      winding and a rectangular wave generator.

PMID- 1096418
TI  - American society for artificial internal organs.

PMID- 1096419
TI  - A hybird artifical pancreas.

PMID- 1096420
TI  - Continuous single pass perfusion of the isolated kidney.
AB  - The use of continuous single pass perfusion to study the metabolism of isolated
      kidneys reveals that active metabolic processes continue in the hypothermically
      preserved kidney. These preliminary experiments described demonstrated a rapid
      uptake of substrates from the perfusion media in the first 24 hrs of storage,
      followed by a release of organic acids in the subsequent 24 to 72 hrs. Urea was
      found to be easily eliminated from the kidney. This technique may be useful for
      studying events related to loss of renal function by pinpointing specific
      residual biochemical activity and lesions that occur during prolonged
      preservations. An eventual correction or prevention of such lesions might be
      feasible in order to improve preservation techniques.

PMID- 1096421
TI  - Improved renal allograft survival using the mixed lymphocyte culture for
      selection of nonidentical living related donors.
AB  - Our results concur with earlier published work, by other groups, showing that LRD
      recipient pairs with low MLC stimulation usually have better and more prolonged
      graft success than do those with higher stimulation. Specific HL-A
      compatibilities or incompatibilities did not seem to affect these results, nor
      did the presence of an increased number of common loci, short of increasing the
      apparent chromosome compatibility. The presence of pre-transplant cytotoxic
      antibodies, in patients with a high MI, however, may unfavorably affect the LRD
      transplant. The overall results of our LRD transplant experience is shown in
      Figure 1, and superimposed upon Figure 2, is the current extrapolation of data
      showing MLC stimulation and haplotype success. Thus, it appears that graft
      survival may be improved and more closely approach the levels seen in a full
      house, diplotype match, by using the MLC results in considering patients for
      transplantation. Not all patients with a high MLC, however, (see table) reject
      their grafts and it is impossible to predict pre-transplant who will develop
      specific allograft enhancement. Before the MI becomes a specific criteria for
      transplant selection, additional studies of patient stimulation in MLC should be
      done. Suppression of stimulation by donor cells in autologous serum, as compared
      to the response to unrelated controls, might provide pre-transplant clues to the
      presence of enhancing factors. Such studies could provide an index that would be
      more meaningful than the MI in AB sera alone. Since overall results from both our
      series and from the Transplant Registry continue to indicate better long term
      graft survival for LRD than for cadaver transplants, and since the evidence
      suggests that a successful transplant offers a patient a better quality of life,
      as well as decreased morbidity and mortality compared to concomitant time spent
      on hemodialysis, continued LRD transplants with high MI is warranted in some
      circumstances with the patient's understanding of the overall outcome and
      backgrouns. Until in vitro tests can be more predictive of individual rather than
      statistical graft success, the patient with an LRD and a high MI should be given
      a complete explanation of the probabilities for success or failure, and he and
      the donor allowed to make an informed decision. The following are guidelines that
      we proposed for the selection of LRD transplants: 1. Availability and
      willingness. 2. Medical and psycho-social clearance. 3. ABO compatibility. 4.
      Negative direct crossmatch. 5. HL-A diplotype or haplotype. 6. MI less than 10 if
      possible, with or without HL-A antibodies. 7. MI greater than 10 with no HL-A
      antibodies, if possible. 8. MI greater than 10, with HL-A antibodies, if both
      donor and recipient clearly understand the enhanced chance for failure.

PMID- 1096422
TI  - [Memorable dates in ophthalmology in 1975].

PMID- 1096423
TI  - [Bartolommeo Eustachio (on the 400th anniversary of his death].

PMID- 1096424
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Aleksei Isidorovich Kolomiichenko].

PMID- 1096425
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Pavel Venediktovich Sergienko].

PMID- 1096426
TI  - [n memoriam Gali Ivanovna Tikhomirova].

PMID- 1096427
TI  - [Status and future development of otorhinolaryngological aid in Bulgaria].

PMID- 1096428
TI  - [Role and place of tympanosclerosis (otosis) in middle ear pathology].

PMID- 1096429
TI  - [Our expereince with the joining of tissues using cyacrin].

PMID- 1096430
TI  - [Several suggestions for a technique of operating on the middle ear].

PMID- 1096431
TI  - [In memory of Alexander Ivanovich Vlasov].

PMID- 1096432
TI  - [In memory of Alexander Petrovich Misharin].

PMID- 1096433
TI  - [In memory of Naum Lazarevich Gershanovich].

PMID- 1096434
TI  - [Otorhinolaryngologists in the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1096435
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of autotransplants in plastic closure of dry defects of
      the tympanic membrane].

PMID- 1096436
TI  - [Development of specialized otorhinolaryngological service during the Great
      Patriotic War and in the postwar period].

PMID- 1096437
TI  - Management of infected fractures. Osteomyelitis.

PMID- 1096438
TI  - Diagnostic methods in anaerobic bacteriology.

PMID- 1096439
TI  - Salmonella infection and meat hygiene: poultry meat.

PMID- 1096440
TI  - Granular vulvovaginitis (GVV) in cattle-immunofluorescent studies.

PMID- 1096441
TI  - The use of rapeseed meal as a protein supplement in poultry and pig diets.
AB  - Rapeseed meal would be used in much larger amounts in poultry and pig diets if
      its use was related solely to cost and nutritive value. In certain circumstances
      there are undesirable effects that severely lmiit its use. Most of the rapeseed
      meal available at present in the UK is strongly goitrogenic when fed to poultry
      or pigs, but it is not certain if this is necessarily harmful, nor if this is
      related to other effects that occur in particular situations and are clearly
      undesirable. From current data, diets in which rapeseed meal can be included most
      satisfactorily are those for broilers, growing pullets and finishing pigs. Plant
      breeders are actively selecting types of rape that have low or zero thioglucoside
      content and it is hoped that these new varieties will cause none of the ill
      effects described in this review.

PMID- 1096442
TI  - Ulceration of the sole in cattle.

PMID- 1096443
TI  - Salmonella infection in dogs, cats, tortoises and terrapins.

PMID- 1096444
TI  - Letter: Treatment of scour in calves.

PMID- 1096445
TI  - B cell antigen markers on avian lymphoid leukosis tumour cells.

PMID- 1096447
TI  - Letter: Treatment of clinical mastitis.

PMID- 1096446
TI  - Oral immunisation and its significance in the prophylactic control of enteritis
      in the preruminant calf.
AB  - Oral immunisation using a feed-incorporated vaccine comprising heat inactivated
      Escherichia coli and Salmonellae antigens was examined in feeding trials with
      calves. The studies were conducted with batches of calves purchased at intervals
      throughout one year and reared in an environment created by continuous occupancy.
      Improved health was registered in terms of a significant reduction in the
      incidence and duration of diarrhoea (P less than 0.01) and in the need for
      treatment with medicament or antibiotics (P less than 0.01). Orally immunised
      calves showed a significantly better weight gain (1.44 kg, P less than 0.05) than
      the controls during the period 0 to 5 weeks. This gain was mainly obtained during
      the first three weeks when the antigen fed calves showed significantly improved
      faeces scores and a significantly better appetite for concentrates (P less than
      0.05).

PMID- 1096448
TI  - [2-step immunofluorescence reaction in brucellosis in cattle].

PMID- 1096449
TI  - [Duty of communist].

PMID- 1096450
TI  - [Restless profession].

PMID- 1096451
TI  - [Differentiation of the reactions to brucellosis in sick and immunized cattle].

PMID- 1096452
TI  - [Preparation of bacterial antigens by electroimpulse disintegration].

PMID- 1096453
TI  - [Tuberculosis in mink].

PMID- 1096454
TI  - Superinfection immunity and prophage repression in phage P1.

PMID- 1096455
TI  - On the role of V gene in ultraviolet-induced enhancement of recombination among
      T4 phages.

PMID- 1096456
TI  - Packaging of DNA into T4 bacteriophage: exclusion of host DNA despite the absence
      of both host DNA degradation and nuclear disruption.

PMID- 1096457
TI  - [30 years of Czechoslovak diabetology].

PMID- 1096458
TI  - [In memory of Colonel of the Health Corps, Danilo Zunic, M.D].

PMID- 1096459
TI  - [30 years of work and development of the medical service of the YNA (Yugoslavian
      National Army)].

PMID- 1096460
TI  - [Infection and febrility in acute leukosis].

PMID- 1096461
TI  - [In memory of Lieutenant Colonel of the Health Corps, Cedomil Draskovic, M.D].

PMID- 1096462
TI  - [In the name of the hero (Petr Mikhailovich Buiko)].

PMID- 1096463
TI  - [Use of the method of express-diagnosis in acute and lingering courses of
      respiratory-syncytial viral infections in children].

PMID- 1096464
TI  - [Glory undimmed thru the centuries].

PMID- 1096465
TI  - [Syndrome of respiratory d1stress in children in the 1st days of life (review of
      the literature)].

PMID- 1096466
TI  - [The role of the pediatrician in the struggle for the health of children during
      the years of the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1096467
TI  - [Characteristics of serum immunoglobulins in Sonne dysentery in children].

PMID- 1096468
TI  - [In memory of Elizaveta Dmitrievna Beliseva].

PMID- 1096469
TI  - A family with one child of phenotype A-m providing further evidence for the
      existence of the modifier genes Y-y.

PMID- 1096470
TI  - A new solid phase radioimmunoassay (CLB-RIA) for the detection of hepatitis-B
      antigen and antibody.
AB  - A new competitive solid phase radioimmunoassay (CLB-RIA) has been developed for
      the detection of HBAg and HBAb in human serum and plasma. In the assay, sheep
      antibodies to HBAg, covalently linked to an insoluble carrier, highly purified
      125-I labelled HBAg and the serum or plasma sample are incubated for 20 h at room
      temperature. After incubation, the bound and the free fraction of the tracer are
      separated by centrifugation. Both the presence of HBAg and HBAb, result in a
      decrease of the amount of bound tracer, when compared with a negative control
      serum. Differentiation between HBAg and HBAb requires the use of another type of
      radioimmunoassay. For this purpose a sandwich solid phase radioimmunoassay, for
      the detection of HBAb only, has been developed (CLB-AURIA). In this, assay
      purified HBAg is covalently linked to an insoluble carrier. Using a mixture of
      both immunosorbents (insolubilized HBAg and HBAb), it is possible to detect and
      to  distinguish HBAg and HBAb in one single solid phase radioimmunoassay (CLB
      MIRIA). The influence of three parameters on the CLB-RIA, the incubation time,
      the amount of tracer and the effect of Tween-20 has been studied. The sensitivity
      of the described solid phase CLB-RIA for the detection of HBAg is comparable to
      that of other radioimmunoassays reported in literature; its specificity is very
      high.

PMID- 1096471
TI  - The effective oncotic pressure of dextran.
AB  - Measurement of plasma volume before and after the acute infusion of commercial
      dextran revealed that all brands tested were hyperoncotic by a factor of
      approximately 2. By mixing 6% dextran with 0.9% saline in 1:1 proportion a 3%
      dextran solution was obtained which was nearly isoncotic in our dogs. The most
      likely explanation for the discrepancy is that the 6% solution contains a high
      proportion of molecules of lower molecular weight resulting in a greater oncotic
      pressure than predicted on the basis of the average molecular weight. In
      addition, this leads to a rapid loss of this solute from the blood. Clinicians
      and researchers should be aware of the possibility that the dextran preparation
      they are using is not truly isoncotic.

PMID- 1096473
TI  - [History of dentistry (1) The dawn of dentistry].

PMID- 1096472
TI  - [Dental prothesis of President Washington and Bakin Takizawa].

PMID- 1096474
TI  - Erythroblastemia.
AB  - The significance of erythroblastemia must be considered in the context of the
      clinical setting in which it is found. Interpretation should take into account
      the number and spectrum of maturity of the nucleated red cells; the presence or
      absence of reticulocytosis and other red cell abnormalities (for example,
      poikilocytosis); the presence or absence of anemia; the presence or absence of
      circulating immature granulocytes or bizarre platelets and the presence or
      absence of the spleen. Circulating nucleated red cells indicate intravascular
      hemopoiesis or disruption of marrow structure or the inability of the bone
      marrow's screen mechanism to prevent their passage into circulation. In the
      latter situations, it usually indicates an unfavorable prognosis.

PMID- 1096475
TI  - [Theory of "organic organisms" of Jedrzej Sniadecki after 170 years].

PMID- 1096476
TI  - [From what disease was suffering the Pomeranian Duke Casimir IXth (1557-1605)].

PMID- 1096477
TI  - [Clinical experiences with preparation Hylakombun in gastroenterology].

PMID- 1096478
TI  - [Treatment of myocardial diseases using with special reference to stenocardias
      Ustimon].

PMID- 1096479
TI  - Kidney allograft survivals and matching for HL-A antigens.

PMID- 1096480
TI  - [Specificity of drug therapy in renal insufficiency].

PMID- 1096481
TI  - [Resignation--a problem of advanced age? Treatment of psychogenic and somatogenic
      geriatric complaints].

PMID- 1096482
TI  - An electron microscopic and cytochemical study of the cell coat of Trypanosoma
      cruzi in tissue cultures.
AB  - Using the cytochemical method of Thiery, a polysaccharide surface coat was
      demonstrated with the electron microscope in the various developmental stages of
      Trypanosoma cruzi maintained in tissue cultures. The cell coat was observed on
      the whole surface membrane system of T. cruzi. A positive reaction, similar to
      that observed in the cell membrane, was also obtained in the membranes of some
      vacuoles in the cytoplasm of the parasites. No granules were found in the
      parasites. No granules were found in the parasite which could represent reserve
      polysaccharides. The possible role of the cell coat in such phenomena as
      adhesion, agglutination, phago- and pinocytosis and antigenicity is discussed.

PMID- 1096483
TI  - Immunoprecipitation and class-specific immunofluorescence titration of human
      serum antibodies to Schistosoma mansoni antigens.
AB  - Twenty sera of individuals with Schistosoma mansoni infections were examined by
      means of immunoelectrophoresis, Indirect Flourescent Antibody (IFA) technique and
      the Defined Antigen Substrate Spheres (DASS) system. Immunoprecipitins against S.
      mansoni antigen and against antigen of the intermediate host, Biomphalaria
      glabrata, were demonstrated. The presence of specific anti-S. mansoni IgA, IgM,
      IgG and IgE antibodies were demonstrated. The presence of specific anti-S.
      MANSONI IgA, IgM, IgG and IgE antibodies was identified with the IFA-technique on
      frozen sections of adult parasites. The DASS-system proved to be more sensitive
      than the IFA-technique.

PMID- 1096484
TI  - The early years of the University of Virginia Hospital. An analysis of patients'
      records.

PMID- 1096485
TI  - [Treponema pallidum in peripheral nerves of rabbit syphiloma].

PMID- 1096486
TI  - [The lateral movement of the mandible--a dilemma of dental technology].

PMID- 1096488
TI  - [Early history and further development of orthodontics in Europe].

PMID- 1096487
TI  - [The problem of tooth substitution].

PMID- 1096489
TI  - [Prof. G. Korkhaus, D.D.S. 80 years old].

PMID- 1096490
TI  - [Dr. Karl Winter 75 years old].

PMID- 1096491
TI  - [Prof. Martin Herrmann 80 years old].

PMID- 1096492
TI  - [Old Turkish dentistry with special reference to the Turkish manuscript of Moses
      Hamon on dentistry].

PMID- 1096493
TI  - [Prof. A. Rehrmann 65 years old].

PMID- 1096495
TI  - [30 fertile years].

PMID- 1096494
TI  - [Prague surgeon Josef Blazina].

PMID- 1096496
TI  - [Professor Josef Thomayer].

PMID- 1096497
TI  - [Physiologist Vladimir Tomsa].

PMID- 1096498
TI  - [Zdravotnicka Pracovnice interviews Jan Mariany, M.D., contemporary director of
      the Institute for Continuous Medical Education of Slovak Health Workers in
      Bratislava. Are socialist health workers growing?].

PMID- 1096499
TI  - [15 years of nurses' high school education].

PMID- 1096500
TI  - [Subtraction method].

PMID- 1096501
TI  - [Protagonist of modern ophthalmology (ferdinand artl, M.P.)].

PMID- 1096502
TI  - Salmonella contamination of shell eggs.

PMID- 1096503
TI  - [Phage typing and biotyping of salmonella typhi-murium (author's transl)].
AB  - 1998 strains of Salmonella typhi-murium from two different regions of West
      Germany were investigated according to their biotype and phagetype. 132 strains
      were isolated from sewage, 320 strains from animals and the others from human
      beings. 60 different phagetypes were found. The phagetype 49 occurred most often
      (11,9% resp. 10,3%). A correlation between biotype and phagetype could not be
      observed. Nearly every phagetype could be divided into several biotypes. However,
      only few biotypes prevaled. These comprised the biotypes 1, 10 and 17. The
      examination of the splitting of trehalose was useful in the biochemical
      differentiation. Concerning strains of animal origin it was remarkable that most
      strains from cattle resp. calves belonged to the phagetype 49. Among 145 strains
      from pigeons 95,9% could be classified as phagetype 2. With exception of 3
      strains all the other strains from pigeons did not possess the O-antigen 5. The
      majority of the strains belonged to the biotype 8. All these strains could not
      split maltose.

PMID- 1096504
TI  - Membrane damage and incorporation of Escherichia coli components into
      Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus.
AB  - Cytoplasmic membrane of E. coli is degraded within 20 min following infection
      with Bdellovibrio. 50% of cellular 42-K is lost during the first 10 min. The
      cytoplasmic membrane, 20 min after infection, centrifugated on a sucrose gradient
      produces a wide band containing the main enzyme activities (succinic
      dehydrogenase and lactic dehydrogenase) bound to the membrane. The incorporation
      into Bdellovibrio of labelled host cell constituents during intracellular growth
      has been studied at successive intervals during the development cycle in diluted
      nutrient broth (about 3 hrs). The cells were broken in a Sorvall-Ribi cell
      fractionator and the Bdellovibrios separated by centrifugation on sucrose
      gradient. Polysaccharides, proteins and lipids of Bdellovibrio derive from the
      utilization of components of the host cells and not from the utilization of the
      components present in the medium. The incorporation of precursors into
      polysaccharides and proteins shows the same exponential pattern.

PMID- 1096505
TI  - Classification of coagulase-negative staphylococci of human origin.
AB  - A total of 191 coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from man were identified
      as Staphylococcus epidermidis on the basis of their biochemical properties. When
      classified according to the classification scheme suggested by BAIRD-PARKER
      (1972), 144 of the strains were found to belong to biotype 1, one strain was
      biotype 2, and four were biotype 3; the remaining 42 strains could not be
      classified within any of the 4 biotypes of this scheme. Using the classification
      scheme suggested by PELZER et al. (1973), 158 strains were found to belong to
      subgroup IIb, one was subgroup IIIb, four were subgroup IV, and 28 were subgroup
      V, with no strains remaining unclassified. The biochemical properties of the
      strains were not related to the site of isolation except that urease was produced
      by only 15 per cent of strains isolated from pus but by 81-92 per cent of strains
      isolated from a variety of other sources. The majority of the strains (64 per
      cent) were resistant to penicillin, while 72 per cent were sensitive to
      streptomycin.

PMID- 1096506
TI  - Frequency distribution of S. typhi-murium phage types in various countries.
AB  - The phage type and antibiogram of 5199 S. typhi murium strains from 13 countries
      and of 4949 strains from The Netherlands was determined. For a number of
      countries it could be established that types predominating in pigs or calves
      predominate also in humans in that country. However, the predominant phage types
      were not the same in the various countries. Type 505 predominated in The
      Netherlands and, to a lesser degree, also in Belgium and the German Federal
      Republic. Type 131 predominated in Poland and was also frequently found in the
      German Democratic Republic. In the German Democratic Republic, type 450 was the
      most frequently found type. Phage patterns not accepted as a type and occurring
      one country only, were found to predominate in Italy, Hungary, Israel and Sweden.
      The majority of antibiotic-resistant strains belonged to a limited number of
      phage types only.

PMID- 1096507
TI  - Studies on the energetic metabolism of Shigella flexneri times Escherichia coli
      hybrids devoid of penetration ability I. Glycolysis.
AB  - The aerobic and anaerobic (in presence of KCN) glycolysis is studied of avirulent
      hybrids of Shigella flexneri according to the keratoconjunctivitis test of Sereny
      with genetic characteristics lac-+kcp-minus devoid of penetration ability. It is
      established that lac-+kcp-minus hybrids which have lost their ability to
      penetrate the cells due to replacement of KCP-gene of the chromosome of donor
      strain E. coli K-12 P4 times, are characterized with a steep decrease of their
      glycolitic activity in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The data shows that
      the loss of penetrate ability of the Shigella flexneri hybrids correlates with
      the decrease of their glycolitic ability.

PMID- 1096508
TI  - [The morphology of a nocardia asteroides-bacteriophage (author's transl)].
AB  - The morphology of a new bacteriophage isolated from Nocardia asteroides has been
      investigated by negative staining. The percent results suggest a model which is
      valid for many phages. The head of the bacteriophage has the shape of an
      icosaeder with a diameter of about 420 AU. It probably contains a spherical core
      which is surrounded by a capsid of 15 AU thickness. A flexible non-contractible
      tail is connected by a collar to one of the head's edges. Its length is about
      1400 AU and its diameter 60 AU. The tail shows a cross striation with a
      periodicity of 40 AU and a channel. At the distal side it passes over into a
      conical end structure. Conforming this morphological criteria the new
      bacteriophage belongs to the group B of Bradley.

PMID- 1096509
TI  - An automatic method for serotyping Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1096510
TI  - Confirmation of the protective role of proteins from S. typhimurium in infection
      of mice with their natural pathogen.
AB  - The protective role of proteins from S. typhi-murium in infection of mice with
      their natural pathogens was confirmed. Hyperimmunization with either toxic or
      detoxified proteins, from the same batch, induced the synthesis of strongly
      precipitating antiprotein antibodies, and the mice were protected against
      infections with 15-75 LD100 of S. typhimurium. Reinfection of the same animals
      with 300-500 LD100 of S. typhi-murium induced, in the vaccinated mice, the
      synthesis of only anti-protein antibodies precipitating in agar-gel.

PMID- 1096511
TI  - [Cryptococcoma and amphotericin B. Therapy of cryptococcosis - animal
      experiments. 2nd Communication: Patho-histological results (author's transl)].
AB  - Since cryptococcosis is characterized by cryptococcoma formation, the antimycotic
      effect of amphothericin B was examined in view of such pathological-anatomical
      conditions. In white mice (NMRI), cryptococcoma formation was induced by
      intramuscular injection of Cryptococcus neoformans strain W71 into the hind leg
      (STAIB, 1962), using a suspension (0.2 ml) containing approximately 2.8 times 10
      7 cells/ml. The mice were treated daily with 1 mg amphotericin B in 5% dimethyl
      sulfoxide by gastric intubation. Course of infection and effectivity of therapy
      were assessed by microbiological and patho-histological examination of the
      organs. In the present paper (2nd Communication) comparative patho-histological
      results in mice, treated with amphotericin B either immediately or from the 16th
      day p.i. or not at all, are reported. In the non-treated animals the course of
      infection we controlled by sacrificing 2 animals per day from the 2nd to the 25th
      day. Cryptococcoma found in the muscle, fat, and connective tissue in the hind
      leg of these animals were characterized by the two different patho-histological
      alterations: a) Masses of encapsulated cryptococci side by side were filling a
      paucireactive or non-reactive reticular structure with blood capillaries. b) Non
      specific granulomatous tissue. The fungi were less abundantly found as non
      encapsulated cells. On the 5th day after infection the first alterations due to
      dissemination were found in the lungs, then in other parenchymatous organs. Under
      immediate amphotericin B-therapy, no cryptococcoma was found at the place of
      infection; after a therapy of 30 days duration, C. neoformans could be detected
      in small conglomerates of non-encapsulated cells in muscle, fat and connective
      tissue. Histologically, a septic dissemination of the agent could not be found in
      this group. After a therapy of 25 days duration a shrinking of cryptococcoma was
      observed in animals treated from the 15th day after infection. Presumably this
      was caused by a loss of capsule and formation of non-specific granulomatous
      tissue. In the surroundings of blood vessels non-encapsulated cells were
      detectable. After therapy with amphotericin B, single cryptococci e.g. such
      disseminated into the lungs were increasingly showing morphological alterations
      which might be explained as forms of degeneration. The animal experiment in
      connection with microbiological and patho-histological follow-up studies is
      discussed with a view to the therapy of cryptococcosis in man. Because of the
      variable virulence of C. neoformans it has to be mentioned that this experiment
      was carried out with a strain of C. neoformans characterized by its capability to
      form cryptococcoma in mice.

PMID- 1096512
TI  - [A device for safe handling of vacuum-dried microbes (author's transl)].
AB  - By analogous application of the way of packing which is common for the
      transportation of infectious material (glass tubes in protective covers) in the
      handling of vaccuum-dried microbes (ampoule within the ampoule) the risk
      encountered when opening such receptacles may be reduced to an almost complete
      absence. Technical details are explained by a schematic representation. The
      method is suitable for the preservation of freeze-dried vaccines. All processes
      involved in the practical performance of the method which is ready for routine
      application are considered in detailed instructions for use.

PMID- 1096513
TI  - [A modified immunofluorescence test to demonstrate toxoplasma antibodies
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A modified test to demonstrate toxoplasma antibodies by immunofluorescence is
      described in detail. This test was used in more than 16 000 cases. The antibody
      content of a patient's serum is assessed from a single dilution of 1:4 by two
      criteria: 1. The number of toxoplasms in the assay is kept constant. The
      percentage of antibody loaded cells varies with the concentration of antibodies
      in the patient's serum. 2. The intensity of fluorescence is correlated to the
      antibody content of the serum and the latter can be determined by means of
      standard sera. The results of this method are expressed in degrees of brightness.
      We compared three different methods and found an identical behaviour of the FATOX
      III and the Sabin-Feldman test. Between the complement-fixation test and the
      FATOX III there is the same relation as between JFT and SFT. This is shown in
      tables presenting the results for 1621 sera. The method is described in detail.

PMID- 1096514
TI  - Letter: Sarcomatous cells in tracheobronchial secretions obtained from a specimen
      aspirated during surgery.

PMID- 1096515
TI  - The contribution of endocervical smears to cervical cancer detection.
AB  - Data from a Colposcopy Clinic have been presented in which endocervical and
      cervical smears were evaluated in singly and in combination for accuracy and
      effectiveness. In patients with marked dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and early
      invasive cancer, false negative results rarely occurred using either cervical or
      endocervical smears; more false negatives were encountered in the minimal to
      moderate dysplasia group of lesions. Endocervical smears were found to be
      unreliable in determining the distribution of cervical neoplasia when correlated
      with endocervical curettage specimens. These smears contributed little as
      supplemental screening procedures for early cervical neoplasia since less
      procedures for early cervical neoplasia since less than three per cent of lesions
      would have been missed had only a cervical scrape smear been performed. It should
      be pointed out, however, that this was a young population in which cervical 
      eversion with exposure of endocervical tissue and the neoplastic lesions was the
      rule. The accuracy of endocervical aspiration and endocervical swab techniques
      was similar although there was a much higher proportion of unsatisfactory
      specimens with the dry cotton swab technique.

PMID- 1096516
TI  - The TICAS-RTCIP real time cell identification processor.
AB  - A preliminary model of a real time processing system, the TICAS-RTCIP (for
      Taxonomic Intra-Cellular Analytic System--Real Time Cell Identification
      Processor) has been disigned and is being tested under operational conditions,
      proving the substantial advantages of employing a network of microprocessors
      operating in parallel. The system is designed only to demonstrate the
      feasibility, while more extensive development and biologic testing will be
      required to assess general applicability to automated uterine cytology.

PMID- 1096517
TI  - Development and evaluation of automatic nucleus finding routines: thresholding of
      cervical cytology images.

PMID- 1096519
TI  - [Extragenital actions of sex hormones in the woman].

PMID- 1096518
TI  - Preparing cell suspensions from cervical smears with pepsine and ultrasonic
      treatment.
AB  - Since flow-through fluorometry seemed to be a workable method for prescreening
      cytological material, it became important to have available a reliable method of
      preparing suspensions of single cells with naked nuclei. An experiment was
      performed with cervical smears and tissue cultures exposed to varying degrees of
      pepsination and ultrasonication. The results were disappointing as it appeared
      impossible to digest cytoplasm completely without damaging the nucleus.
      Ultrasonic treatment appeared to have an effect only in combination with pepsin;
      sonication therefore is not a useful technique for dispersion of cell clusters.
      Moreover, a proposal found in the literature to apply sonication to effect
      selective damage to leukocyte nuclei was assessed but found to be unsuccessful.
      Pepsin treatment and ultrasonic treatment appeared conclusively to be unreliable
      methods for preparing suspensions of single and naked nuclei.

PMID- 1096520
TI  - Inactivation of bacteriophages T7 and phiX174 by radiomimetics.
AB  - Inactivation of phages T7 and phiX174 induced by the radiomimetics N-nitroso-N
      methylurea (NMU) and N-acetylethylenimine (AEI) has been studied. In
      semilogarithmic scale the kinetic curves of phage inactivation were steplike in
      character. This was connected with the occurrence of several processes in the
      system. A possible kinetic model has been proposed for the process of NMU-induced
      phage inactivation. The model is applicable to initial phage inactivation only.
      From the model a kinetic curve parameter, rho can be determined which
      characterizes the radiomimetic effect on different phages and determines the
      changes in the repair system after caffeine treatment. NMU exerted a post
      inactivation effect on the phage T7. Also the NMU-induced phage T7 post
      inactivation kinetic curves were of steplike character. They can be described as
      a sum of two exponential processes of different rate constant. The rate constant
      for the first stage of the post-inactivation process was close to the
      depurinization rate constant found in the literature.

PMID- 1096521
TI  - Acetylsalicylic acid in a trial to diminish thromboembolic complications after
      elective hip surgery.
AB  - Fifty-one patients were investigated concerning thromboembolic complications in
      the operated leg after elective surgery of the hip. Suspicion of clinical deep
      venous thrombosis (DVT) arose in 11 patients, i.e. 21 per cent. Thirty-five
      patients were investigated with phlebography. The incidence of DVT among those
      patients was 15 cases, i.e. 43 per cent. It is concluded that acetylsalicylic
      acid, a drug which inhibits the platelet release reaction and thereby blocks the
      platelet aggregation, given orally in a dose of 2 gram per day from the first
      postoperative day, is not effective in diminishing the incidence of postoperative
      deep venous thrombosis.

PMID- 1096522
TI  - The fatigue of cartilage in the pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis.

PMID- 1096523
TI  - The orthopaedic management of spina bifida.

PMID- 1096524
TI  - Hand reconstruction.
AB  - To conclude, one must apologize for having introduced so many subjects and left
      so many loose ends. Hand reconstruction poses a multitude of problems which are
      presently in an evolutionary phase. In discussing the notion of hand surgery
      specialization one draws upon orthopaedic, plastic and microsurgical techniques.
      But is it not precisely this adaption of diverse techniques to one organ which
      constitutes a speciality? Rapid progress in hand surgery was achieved the moment
      surgeons confined the major part of their activities to the treatment of this
      organ. But let us repeat that progress implies collaboration and not isolation.
      Advances highlighted in this review resulted mostly from collaboration between
      the laboratory and the operating theatre. It is worthwhile creating hand centres
      not only for the benefit of patients but also for research and for training
      surgeons. These centres must become places of collaboration between numerous
      clinical and preclinical specialities: namely orthopaedics, traumatology, plastic
      surgery, rheumatology, neurology, physiotherapy, and applicance makers, as well
      as biologists and anatomists, all applied to the reconstruction of the hand.

PMID- 1096525
TI  - Injury patterns in traffic accidents and suggested preventive measures.
AB  - A short survey is given of the main patterns of injuries sustained in traffic
      accidents. The following injuries are accounted for: ruptures of the parasagittal
      bridging veins and gliding contusions of the brain, axis fractures, and aortic
      and pelvic injuries.

PMID- 1096526
TI  - Recent advances in the biomechanics of sport injuries.

PMID- 1096527
TI  - Research and development within surgical amputee management.

PMID- 1096528
TI  - Observation of click-evoked compound VIII nerve responses before, during, and
      over seven months after kanamycin treatment in the guinea pig.
AB  - Compound VIII nerve action potential responses to clicks and filtered-clicks were
      recorded regularly over a period of 7 months following Kanamycin treatment (8
      days, 400 mg/kg), in 3 awake guinea pigs each with an implanted electrode on the
      round window (left ear). From the end of the treatment the responses to the click
      became dissociated in various degrees within three major phases: (1) a rapid
      phase (8 to 10 days) where the responses were dramatically altered, (2) a
      recovery phase which lasted about 2 months, (3) a slow phase over the subsequent
      5 months where the responses to the click decreased slowly but gradually while
      the N 1 component, as well as the responses to the 8 000 Hz filtered-click (which
      became recruiting at the end of the treatment), disappeared progressively.
      Responses to the low frequency filtered-clicks were less affected. Cochlear
      cytograms showed almost complete degeneration of the inner and outer hair cells
      of the first turn only.

PMID- 1096529
TI  - Influence of neonatal thymectomy on blood pressure and hypertensive vascular
      disease in rats with renal hypertension.
AB  - The effect of neonatal thymectomy on the degree and prognosis of hypertension and
      on the vascular lesions in rats with renal hypertension was studied. There were
      no differences between thymectomized and sham operated hypertensive rats. The
      degree of hypertension, the frequency of spontaneous death and heart infarcts
      were the same in both groups. The occurrence and degree of perivascular cell
      infiltrations, deposits of perivascular connective tissue and fibrinoid
      degenerations of the media were found to be the same in both the thymectomized
      and the sham operated hypertensive animals. The results do not support the
      assumption that delayed type immune reactions are important in the pathogenesis
      of hypertensive vascular disease in renal hypertensive rats.

PMID- 1096530
TI  - An ultrastructural study of pancreatic islet cell destruction by n
      nitrosomethylurea.
AB  - An ultrastructural study of the early effects of intraperitoneal injection of 50
      mg/kg body weight of N-nitrosomethylurea on the pancreatic islet tissue in
      Chinese hamsters was performed. Thirty minutes after injection there was slight
      dilatation of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial swelling in a few
      peripheral alpha2-cells near to capillaries and also in some beta-cells. After 1
      hour these changes were more pronounced. After 3 hours, distinct nuclear pyknosis
      was seen in endocrine islet cells of all types together with beta-cells granular
      irregularities, disruption of granular cores and autophagy of alpha2-cell
      granules. During the following hours, marked derangement of intracellular
      structures, ending in obvious cellular destruction, was observed. The results
      indicate that N-nitrosomethylurea has a direct cytotoxic effect on the beta-,
      alpha2- and alpha1-cells of the islet tissue. The similarity between the
      ultrastructure of the pancreatic islets after injection of N-nitrosomethylurea
      and streptozotocin is discussed.

PMID- 1096531
TI  - Quantitative studies of the renal corpuscles iii: the influence of post mortem
      delay before taking renal tissue samples and of the duration of tissue fixation.
AB  - Comparative quantitative studies of glomeruli in biopsies of the guenon monkey
      kidney were made to give a numerical measure of the effect of varying periods of
      fixation of the biopsy tissue in Carnoy's fluid (1-2-24 hrs.), and of the effect
      of progressive post mortem delay before renal tissue samples were taken (2-4-6-12
      hrs.). Additional aims were to determine possible quantitative differences
      between subcapsular, intermediate and juxtamedullary glomeruli, and to determine
      whether the glomerular area should be determined with reference to the inner
      aspect of Bowman's capsule (total area) or to tangents laid at the top of the
      capillary loops (corrected total area). The quantitative methods used were total
      and differential counts of glomerular nuclei by light microscopy and point
      counting for determination of glomerular and mesangial areas. Statistical
      evaluation was made by a two-way analysis of variance. The differential counts of
      nuclei were not affected by duration of fixation, nor by post mortem delay up to
      12 hrs. before tissue samples were taken. The mesangial area expressed as a
      percentage of total area was significantly lower two hours post mortem, while
      total nuclear concentration was significantly lower at time 0 and two hours post
      mortem than at four, six and 12 hours post mortem. Total nuclear concentration
      increased as duration of fixation was increased, probably a reflection of tissue
      shrinking. Differences in nuclear concentration were also noted at different
      levels of the renal cortex. These differences were only apparent when the
      glomerular area was determined with reference to the inner aspect of Bowman's
      capsule, and disappeared when the corrected total area was used. It is concluded
      that duration of tissue fixation and post mortem delay before tissue samples were
      taken both affect method sensitivity, as reflected by some, not all, of the
      parameters measured. The numerical differences in the parameters were not large,
      however, and it will be the specific study which will determine whether variable
      fixation times and post mortem delay in obtaining tissue samples is acceptable.
      As most renal biopsies contain both subcapsular and juxtamedullary glomeruli
      there is probably no advantage in using the corrected glomerular area instead of
      the total glomerular area limited by Bowman's capsule.

PMID- 1096532
TI  - [Crug formulation and liberation of the active ingredient in of chloroquine
      phosphate].

PMID- 1096533
TI  - The heat production of pancreatic beta-cells stimulated by glucose.
AB  - A recently developed batch microcalorimeter was used for studying heat production
      in beta-cell-rich pancreatic islets isolated from obese-hyperglycemic mice. In
      the absence of glucose, the rate of heat production was 50 nW/islet increasing to
      90 nW/islet when the islets were exposed to 20 mM glucose. The data obtained are
      consistent with an increase in the caloric value of oxygen with glucose
      concentration, as might be expected when the beta-cells utilize proportionally
      more carbohydrate as a source of energy.

PMID- 1096534
TI  - Control of the neurotoxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine by intraneuronal noradrenaline
      in rat iris.
AB  - In vitro studies with the neurotoxic compounds 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) and 6
      aminodopamine (6-A-DA) showed that noradrenaline (NA) markedly inhibited the
      autooxidation of 6-OH-DA, but not of 6-A-DA. In vivo studies of the adrenergic
      nerves in rat iris showed that the neurotoxic potency of 6-OH-DA, but not 6-A-DA,
      was increased after NA depletion by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine methylester (H44/68).
      Neurotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the associated decrease in 3-H-NA
      uptake. Intraocular injection of NA counteracted the degenerative action of 6-OH
      DA in both untreated and H44/68 pretreated rats. Intraocular NA did not interfere
      with the neurotoxicity of 6-A-DA. Additionally, octopamine did not affect the
      rate of autooxidation nor the neurotoxic potency of 6-OH-DA or 6-A-DA. Control
      experiments with 3-H-6-OH-DA showed that the intraneuronal NA levels did not
      significantly affect the intraneuronal accumulation of 6-OH-DA. The parallelism
      between the in vitro results on autooxidation and in vivo data on neurotoxicity
      makes it appear that the neurotoxic potency of 6-OH-DA and 6-A-DA is closely
      associated with their rates of autooxidation. The control of the degenerative
      action of 6-OH-DA by intraneuronal NA may be mediated via reaction of NA with
      radicals formed from oxygen during autooxidation of 6-OH-DA.

PMID- 1096535
TI  - The effect of social class on psychiatric psychological evaluations in patients
      with pulmonary tuberculosis.
AB  - The present study is a methodological examination in which the social and psychic
      background factors of 100 tuberculous patients, aged 20 to 45 years, were
      explored using psychiatric interview and psychological tests (MMPI, Rorschach,
      and Wartegg). The purpose of the study was to analyse the effect of social
      background factors on the psychiatric and psychological examination. With the
      help of correlation coefficients and three-factor factor analysis, the variable
      indicating the social class of the subject could be proved to correlate
      significantly to the projective test variables (Rorschach, Wartegg). No such
      correlation between the social group variable and those obtained in the
      psychiatric interview or the MMPI test could be demonstrated. On the basis of the
      projective tests, subjects in the lower social classes were considered more
      disturbed. It can be supposed that the background factors characteristic of lower
      social classes would contribute to the unfamiliar test situation, causing
      reactions disturbing the test performance. This suggests that the mentioned tests
      should be used with caution in the evaluation of personality disturbances.

PMID- 1096536
TI  - A double-blind comparison of fluphenazine decanoate and flupenthixol decanoate in
      the treatment of acute schizophrenia.
AB  - A double-blind comparison of fluphenazine decanoate and flupenthixol decanoate in
      40 consecutive admissions showed no difference in anti-psychotic effect or
      extrapyramidal side effects after 56 days. However, the trial identified a
      different effect of the drugs on mood. Flupenthixol decanoate had an elating
      effect that was most marked during the week following injection. Fluphenazine
      decanoate tended to lower mood. The results would suggest that in acute
      schizophrenia, fluphenazine decanoate would be the more appropriate drug in
      elated or acutely disturbed patients, but that in patients with a lowered mood or
      a history of depression, flupenthixol decanoate would be the more appropriate
      drug. It was emphasised that these mood changes were observed in patients with
      acute schizophrenia and that extrapolation from these results to maintenance
      therapy of chronic relapsing schizophrenia should only be made with caution. The
      results suggest that 40 mg of flupenthixol decanoate is approximately equal to 25
      mg of fluphenazine decanoate. Analyses of covariance showed a significant
      positive correlation between the incidence of extrapyramidal side effects and
      duration of illness.

PMID- 1096537
TI  - The influence of food on side effects and absorption of lithium.
AB  - In a cross-over study, 24 mmol of lithium sulphate was given as a single dose in
      slow release tablets to 30 healthy volunteers fasting and after a standardised
      meal. Comparisons were also made with lithium citrate in slow release tablets and
      placebo. Postprandial administration of lithium gave practically no side effects,
      while lithium on an empty stomach gave diarrhoea in about 20% of the subjects.
      The absorption was measured by determination of the amount of lithium excreted in
      the urine in a group of ten subjects. Lithium was completely absorbed when given
      after food, but when given on an empty stomach the absorption was lower in some
      subjects, apparently due to rapid gastrointestinal passage in connection with
      diarrhoea. Lithium should therefore preferably be administered after meals.

PMID- 1096538
TI  - Does piracetam counteract the ECT-induced memory dysfunctions in depressed
      patients?
AB  - A double-blind, intra-individual cross-over comparison of the effect of piracetam
      on retrograde memory impairement as measured by the KS memory test battery was
      performed in connection with second and third Bi-ECT in 18 patients diagnosed as
      suffering from depression. The seizure duration and the post-ECT EGG patterns
      were examined visually and the post-ECT confusion time was measured. Piracetam
      was given orally in the dose of 4.8 g/day for 3 days. No significant effects were
      obtained on memory scores, electrical stimulus duration, EEG pattern or post-ECT
      confusion time. The findings may indicate that the protective effect of piracetam
      shown in animal electroconvuslive stimulation (ECS) is due to a counteraction of
      the disturbing effect of hypoxia on memory functions. It is concluded that more
      information is needed as regards the pharmacokinetics and the mode of action of
      the drug.

PMID- 1096539
TI  - EEG in unilateral and bilateral electroconvulsive therapy.
AB  - The investigation concerned 100 patients with endogenous depression treated with
      ECT, 52 unilaterally on the non-dominant hemisphere, and 48 bilaterally. A double
      blind investigation of the therapeutic effect and the effect on memory and on EEG
      was carried out. With unilateral treatment, mainly diffuse and same-sided EEG
      changes appeared, while with bilateral treatment mainly diffuse and left-sided
      changes occurred. Bilateral treatment led to significantly more EEG changes than
      did unilateral treatment. For both groups there was a tendency to greater changes
      after the last than after the sixth treatment. At termination of treatment, a
      significantly better therapeutic effect was found in cases where EEG changes
      appeared, especially severe EEG changes. This applied to the total material but
      not to the groups of unilaterals and bilaterals taken separately. In the entire
      material after the first six treatments, the greatest representation of patients
      with unchanged and impaired memory was found in cases with deteriorated EEG
      compared to cases with no EEG deterioration. After the entire series of ECT, this
      correlation no longer was present. After separation of the patients into
      unilaterals and bilaterals it was not present at any of the stages. In the
      bilateral group ECT treatment gave more frequent and stronger EEG changes, among
      the older than among the younger patients. For the unilateral group, there was no
      comparable difference. The number of weak seizures was significantly greater
      among the unilaterals than among the bilaterals. The therapeutic effect was not
      correlated to the number of weak seizures, but the number of weak seizures was
      positively correlated to the number of treatments applied.

PMID- 1096540
TI  - Anxiety and EEG alpha activity in neurotic patients.
AB  - The literature is reviewed on EEG alpha activity in different psychological
      states, i.e., morbid anxiety, attention and mental relaxation. In the present
      study, 20 male neurotic inpatients suffering from chronic moderate anxiety were
      assessed with respect to anxiety level and EEG alpha activity (frequency and per
      cent time) and fast activity. No significant EEG asymmetry was found. The average
      alpha per cent time was very low, most of the patients being low-alpha subjects.
      Anxiety and alpha index were significantly correlated. The patients were then
      treated with either 80 mg per day of temazepam or placebo for 2 weeks (double
      blind). Significant effects were detected in the anxiety state, the drug group
      showing more improvement, but not in the EEG profile. The measures were expressed
      at this stage as change scores from the pre-treatment values and correlations
      between them were computed. The only correlation of significance was a negative
      correlation between anxiety level and alpha index found after 1 week in the drug
      group.

PMID- 1096541
TI  - Peroral and parenteral administration of long-acting neuroleptics: a double-blind
      study of penfluridol compared to flupenthixol decanoate in the treatment of
      schizophrenia.
AB  - Fifty-six out of 60 schizophrenic patients completed a double-blind study of two
      long-acting neuroleptics, penfluridol (peroral) and flupenthixol decanoate
      (parenteral). Half of the patients were on maintenance therapy of flupenthixol
      prior to the study, the other half on penfluridol. The actual double-blind study
      (12 weeks) was commenced after a preliminary period of 4 weeks, the patients in
      the two main groups being randomly divided into two further groups, one
      continuing the medication unchanged, the other changing to the alternative drug.
      It was found possible to make a sudden switch from penfluridol to flupenthixol
      decanoate and vice versa without any significant change in the condition of the
      patient. The same dosage (in 70% of the patients from 40 to 80 mg) of penfluridol
      was used per week as was employed for flupenthixol decanoate per fortnight.
      Changes in the intensity of the symptoms (total Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
      (BPRS) score) were moe pronounced in the preliminary period (during unchanged
      treatment) than on changed medication in the blind period. Both drugs induced
      approximately the same degree of akathisia, Parkinsonism and autonomic side
      effects. The practical consequences of equipotent therapeutical effect of a
      peroral and parenteral long-acting neuroleptic are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1096542
TI  - The effect of hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride administered together on muscle
      electrolytes in normal subjects.
AB  - Hydrochlorothiazide, 150 mg daily, and amiloride, 15 mg daily, have been
      administered together to 10 normal subjects during one week. Muscle biopsies were
      performed before and after the period of administration of the diuretics and the
      material was analysed for water and electrolytes. The body weight decreased by
      1.9 kg. The serum sodium, chloride and potassium concentrations decreased
      significantly and standard bicarbonate and blood pH increased. In muscle tissue,
      extracellular water, chloride and sodium contents and intracellular sodium
      concentration decreased but the muscle potassium content, the intracellular
      potassium concentration and the muscle magnesium content were unchanged. A
      comparison with the results of an earlier study, in which hydrochlorothiazide was
      given without amiloride, showed that the intracellular potassium depletion and
      the increase in intracellular sodium concentration, observed with the
      benzothiazide diuretic, could be fully prevented by simultaneous administration
      of amiloride. The degree of hypokalemia and alkalosis was also smaller with
      hydrochlorothiazide + amiloride than with hydrochlorothiazide alone.

PMID- 1096543
TI  - [Clinical trial of clozapine].

PMID- 1096544
TI  - [Editorial: To professor Leme Lopes, on the retirement from his chair].

PMID- 1096545
TI  - [Spanish academy of dermatology and syphilography. List of members].

PMID- 1096546
TI  - [Editorial: 60 years of venereology. Impressions of an old venereologist. Jesus
      Senra Calvo (1894-1974)].

PMID- 1096547
TI  - [Basic plan of therapeutic indications in dentofacial orthopedics today].

PMID- 1096548
TI  - [Pathogenesis of the English proalveolus from the works of Alexander Dumas
      collected by B. Meng].

PMID- 1096549
TI  - Metabolic correlates of ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetate and methanol in humans and
      animals.
AB  - Following the administration of alcoholic beverages, ethanol exerts a number of
      direct and indirect effects on the body and in turn, ethanol is itself
      metabolized. Liver and brain are twomajor organs which are immediately concerned
      with the effects of ethanol. Ethanol acts as CNS depressant and as a source of
      energy. Since the metabolism of ethain the liver proceeds at a constant rate
      until completion,acetate is produced regardless of energy requirements of the
      body. Thus, ethanol plays the role of an aberrant nutrient. Although ethanol has
      no effect on oxygen consumption in the liver, it severely suppresses the
      productionof carbon dioxide in the Krebs cycle resulting in the corresponding
      suppressionof respiratory quotient. This indicates that ethanol diverts the
      utilizationof oxygen for the oxidationof reducing, equivalents which accumulate
      as a consequence of increased formation of NADH. This is reflected in the shift
      from the oxidative to reductive components of a number of oxido-reductive
      couples, e.g.: pyruvate-lactate, oxaloacetate-malate and acetoacetate-beta
      hydroxybutyrate. These actions of ethanol are exarcerbated by the fact that the
      metabolism of ethanol is also associated with the diversion of the availability
      of a number of enzymes and coenzymes from the metabolism of endogenous substrates
      towards the metabolism of metabolites of ethanol, thus resulting in the
      competitive inhibitionof a number of enzyme catalyzed reactions, e.g., inhibition
      of methanol metabolism during long-term consumption resulting in the acumulation
      of methanol in body fluids; shift in the peripheral metabolism of biogenic amines
      from oxidative to reductive pathways; and formation of aberrant neurotransmitters
      (in vitro); inhibition of the oxidation of fatty acids in the liver...

PMID- 1096550
TI  - Alcohol and aldehyde metabolism in brain.

PMID- 1096551
TI  - Effects of ethanol on protein synthesis.
AB  - Cardiac: Cardiac protein synthesis is influenced by the state of nutrition with
      reduction of cardiac size in starvation. Ethanol per se may not affect this
      synthesis directly, but the metabolite of ethanol, acetaldehyde, profoundly
      decreases normal protein synthesis in the heart in vitro. The interference with
      the synthetic process may play a role in the ultimate cardiomyopathies of
      malnutrition and alcoholism. Hepatic: In vivo albumin synthesis is sensitive to
      environment, oncotic pressure, normal balance, nutrition, as well as toxins and
      state of health. Thus, to study the acute effects of alcohol alone, it was
      necessary to employ the isolated perfused liver. Fasting reduced albumin
      synthesis 50%, with loss of RNA and a disaggregation of the endoplasmic membrane
      bound polysome. Tryptophan, arginine and ornithine added to the perfusate at a
      final concentration of 10 mM reversed these findings. Alcohol likewise reduced
      albumin synthesis; disaggregates the bound polysome without a marked loss of RNA.
      Ornithine, arginine and tryptophan are able to reverse this loss in albumin
      synthesizing capacity. The combination of fasting and alcohol, while not lowering
      albumin synthesis below that seen with either stress alone, prevents the recovery
      from either stress.

PMID- 1096552
TI  - Alcohol, aldehydes and biogenic amines.

PMID- 1096553
TI  - Some endocrine aspects of alcoholism.
AB  - This review has focused on the more recent studies of ethanol-endocrine
      relationships. The data were evaluated from a fairly unbiased point of view and
      an attempt was made to point out some of the deficiencies in knowledge of the
      effects of ethanol on the endocrine system and the underlying mechanisms. The
      adrenal, for example, has been given the greatest attention in alcohol research,
      and yet the occurrence of atrophy or hypoplasia, despite alcohol's role as a
      stressor which can increase cortisol secretion, remains unexplained. In addition,
      our studies of the alcoholic subject have been conducted exclusively on the "skid
      row" individual and may not be descriptive of the middle-class alcoholic subject
      who has not undergone similar nutritional and environmental stresses. While it is
      far from obvious that alcoholism is primarily an endocrine disease, the effects
      of ethanol on hormone metabolism are numerous and deserve further attention.

PMID- 1096554
TI  - Marihuana vs. alcohol: a pharmacologic comparison.
AB  - A review of the pharmacology, behavior, toxicity and therapeutic actions of
      alcohol and marihuana shows many similarities between the two drugs and few
      striking differences. Both drugs have fundamental non-specific actions on the
      neural membrane in common with the sedative-hypnotic-anesthetic group of drugs.
      They differ mainly in the quantitative aspects of their action owing to variation
      in 1) the ratio of stimulant to depressant effects, 2) their distribution in the
      body because of the greater lipid solubility of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
      (delta-9THC), 3) the route of intake and 4) in their metabolic transformation.
      Despite marked contrasts in potency, toxicity and therapeutic potential as a
      result of these differences it is proposed that the proper pharmacologic
      classification of both drugs is in the sedative group based on their activity at
      non-toxic levels rather than regarding marihuana as a primary hallucinogen as
      presently done in many texts.

PMID- 1096555
TI  - Induction of physical dependence upon alcohol in nonhuman primates.
AB  - Following the description of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome in man, efforts have
      been made to use the nonhuman primate as an animal model for studying the
      development of physical dependence upon alcohol. There is now general agreement
      regarding the qualitative description of the withdrawal reaction in the rhesus
      monkey, and various approaches, including intravenous infusion, intragastric
      intubation, and nonvolitional oral intake of ethanol have been successful in
      producing withdrawal in these animals. There still remain the major problems of
      developing objective procedures for quantitatively assessing the severity of the
      withdrawal syndrome and establishing the dose dependent and time dependent
      relationships between ethanol intake and the development of physical dependence.
      Until these basic issues are empirically resolved, little progress can be
      expected in our understanding of the critical determinants of the addictive
      process.

PMID- 1096556
TI  - Genetic determinants of alcohol addiction.
AB  - Animal and human studies indicate strain, species, and racial differences in
      biological responses to alcohol. Presumably, these are at least partly determined
      by genetic factors. However, until recently there has been little evidence
      suggesting that the condition called alcoholism is influenced by genetic factors.
      Although alcoholism is strongly familial (about one quarter of male relatives of
      alcoholics are themselves alcoholic), the condition is also associated with
      vocational and ethnic differences and at present there is no consistent evidence
      linking alcoholism to specific biochemical abnormalities. In recent years,
      however, an increasing body of evidence has suggested that genetic factors may
      play a role. These studies generally have been of two types: (1) twin and
      adoption studies, and (2) genetic marker studies. Two twin studies have been
      conducted. One indicated that monozygotic twins are more concordant for alcohol
      problems than are dizygotic twins. The other produced equivocal findings. Genetic
      marker studies have had inconsistent results. Of two adoption studies conducted,
      one found evidence for a hereditary factor and the other did not. It is
      hypothesized that severe forms of alcoholism may be heritable while milder forms
      have nongenetic origins. The virtues and limitations of the various studies are
      discussed.

PMID- 1096557
TI  - Pathways of ethanol metabolism in perfused rat liver.
AB  - The primary pathway of hepatic ethanol metabolism involves alcohol dehydrogenase.
      Hydrogen generated from ethanol metabolism enters the mitochondrial space most
      likely as malate over a substrate shuttle mechanism, and is subsequently oxidized
      by the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The rate-limiting step in this overall
      multicompartmental process is the rate of reduced cofactor (NADH) reoxidation by
      the respiratory chain. Since the electron flux in the respiratory chain is
      controlled by the ADP supply, alcohol dehydrogenase-dependent ethanol metabolism
      can be activated by perturbations which circumvent the rate-limiting step, such
      as artificial electron acceptors, gluconeogenic precursors, and uncoupling
      agents. Moreover, an ATP utilizing process is responsible for the stimulation of
      ethanol metabilism observed following chronic pretreatment with ethanol. In
      perfused rat liver catalase also participates in ethanol metabolism to a lesser
      extent than alcohol dehydrogenase. Quantitative assessments indicate that the
      predominant ethanol oxidase at low ethanol concentrations (less than 20 mM) is a
      alcohol dehydrogenase; however, at higher ethanol concentrations, a significant
      portion of total ethanol metabolism (up to 50%) is mediated by catalase-hydrogen
      peroxide complex. This pathway is limited by the rate of generation of hydrogen
      peroxide in the hepatocyte, and can be stimulated with substrates for
      intraperoxisomal hydrogen peroxide generation such as glycolate, urate and D
      amino acids. Considerable evidence implicates catalase-hydrogen peroxide complex
      in the mechanism of NADPH-dependent microsomal ethanol oxidation.

PMID- 1096558
TI  - The effects of lipids and fatty acids on blood coagulation and platelets in
      relation to thrombosis.

PMID- 1096559
TI  - Diagnostic methods for the study of human atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1096560
TI  - Diet-related risk factors for human atherosclerosis: hyperlipidemia,
      hypertension, hyperglycemia--current status.

PMID- 1096561
TI  - Diet and plasma lipids.

PMID- 1096562
TI  - Outlines of dietary prevention of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1096563
TI  - The influence of dietary fats on hypercoagulation and thrombosis.

PMID- 1096564
TI  - Prevention of atherosclerosis by diet. Present state and conclusions.

PMID- 1096565
TI  - The effects of feeding various dietary fats on the development and regression of
      hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1096566
TI  - Tremorgenic mechanisms in primates.

PMID- 1096567
TI  - Clinical studies in primates inoculated with kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob agents.

PMID- 1096568
TI  - Neuropathological studies in primates suffering from experimental kuru or
      Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

PMID- 1096569
TI  - Stereotaxic technique for stimulation and recording in nonanesthetized monkeys:
      application to the determination of connections between caudate nucleus and
      substantia nigra.

PMID- 1096570
TI  - Drug-induced dyskinesia in monkeys.
AB  - Easily definable dyskinetic syndromes have been produced by injection of L-DOPA,
      apomorphine, trivastal, carbachol, sodium azide, tetrahydrocannabinol,
      phenothiazines, and amphetamines into one or more sites. Three species of monkeys
      have been used: rhesus, green, and squirrel. The descriptive information
      available on each of these dyskinetic syndromes indicates a striking degree of
      similarity among the effects of these various drugs and combinations of drugs.
      The behavior patterns produced can be roughly divided into three areas: (1)
      increased movement (hyperkinesia) and vigilance, determined at least in part by
      the area in which the animal is confined; (2) a wide range of adventitious
      movements of extremities, as well as face and tongue; and (3) "stereotypic"
      behavior, sometimes destructive, such as grooming, biting, and drinking. None of
      the above studies or models has been employed in monkeys free-ranging in open
      areas with other animals. It might be expected that the effects of the drugs
      would be somewhat already by the social setting of the animal. It now seems
      adequately confirmed that the production of dyskinesia in monkeys is
      biochemically related to dopaminergic systems in the neostriatum. The evidence at
      present also points to a form of denervation hypersensitivity as the basis for
      the production of these syndromes in patients with dyskinesias on L-DOPA therapy
      (Chase, Holden, and Brody, 1972), although it is clear that in relatively high
      doses these drugs regularly produce dyskinesias in primates having no anatomical
      or biochemical pathology in the nervous system. These drug-induced dyskinesias in
      monkeys, especially those produced by L-DOPA in combination with other drugs or
      with anatomical and biochemical stereotaxically placed lesions, appear to be
      developed to a degree to be useful in the further evaluation of the mechanisms of
      dyskinesias in humans as well as providing methods of testing the effectiveness
      of various forms of therapy.

PMID- 1096571
TI  - Parkinsonism induced by dopaminergic antagonists.

PMID- 1096572
TI  - Metatyramine as a dopaminergic agonist.

PMID- 1096573
TI  - Actions of dopaminergic agonists in parkinsonism.

PMID- 1096574
TI  - Indications of piribedil in L-DOPA-treated parkinsonian patients:
      physiopathologic implications.

PMID- 1096575
TI  - Dopaminergic agonist effects on Parkinsonian clinical features and brain monamine
      metabolism.
AB  - The effect of a new dopaminergic agonist, piribedil, was studied in 16 patients
      with Parkinson's disease and compared with placebo and L-DOPA. Piribedil appeared
      to have a moderate therapeutic effect that was significantly less than that of L
      DOPA. Tremor appeared to be the main clinical feature to benefit. Nausea,
      vomiting, and somnolence were most frequent during the buildup of treatment and
      confusion and hallucinations during long-term treatment. Piribedil caused a
      significant decrease in probenecid-induced accumulation of HVA in the CSF,
      suggesting reduced turnover of endogenous dopamine in the brain. There was a
      significant relationship between dopamine receptor activation by piribedil and
      improvement of parkinsonian disability.

PMID- 1096576
TI  - Dopaminergic agonists in Parkinsonism.

PMID- 1096577
TI  - Action of piribedil in Parkinson's disease: I.V. test and oral treatment.

PMID- 1096578
TI  - Thymus-independent B-cell induction and paralysis.

PMID- 1096579
TI  - Cyclical production of antibody as a regulatory mechanism in the immune response.

PMID- 1096580
TI  - The use of an interactive computer terminal in the assessment of cognitive
      function in elderly psychiatric patients.
AB  - The use of a teaching machine is the assessment of mental function has been
      described by Gredye and his colleagues. This report concerns its use in testing
      56 elderly patients suffering from functional psychiatric disorders of dementia.
      After a diagnostic interview patients were tested on the teaching machine as well
      as on the Mill Hill, Progressive Matrices, Paired Associate Learning Test and
      Digit Copying Test. After a fixed period all tests were repeated and clincal
      progress rated. Results showed a significant correlation (P less than 0.01)
      between teaching-machine scores and those on the standard psychological tests.
      The correlation between the machine scores on the two occasions was high (r
      equals 0.58) but this was complicated by practice effects and by low 'ceiling' of
      the test. It is concluded that the test provided a relatively reliable and valid
      measure of cognitive function but that its value would be increased by providing
      a parallel form and by extending its level of difficulty.

PMID- 1096582
TI  - Accredited laboratories.

PMID- 1096581
TI  - [A device for electron microscopy of the retina (author's transl)].

PMID- 1096583
TI  - Calibration standards for counting asbestos.
AB  - A laboratory proficiency testing program has been initiated by NIOSH to permit
      standardization of asbestos counting procedures by various state agencies. This
      has required preparation of multiple membrane filter samples containing
      "identical and predictable" concentrations of asbestos fibers, with consistent
      particulate backgrounds. A technique to filter liquid (toluene) suspensions was
      developed to provide chrysotile asbestos standards ranging from 200 to 1,500
      fibers/mm-2 of filter area, with an aluminum oxide particulate background.
      Details of the necessary techniques are described. To evaluate variations
      inherent in preparing these "identical" samples and to estimate variations
      between different counters, extensive replicate fiber counting was performed.
      Count data from several counters at a single facility show that this liquid
      suspension filtration technique provides reproducible asbestos standards as
      measured by optical microscopy with a coefficient of variation of plus or minus
      20% with the maximum individual variations of plus or minus 50%.

PMID- 1096584
TI  - Technological feasibility of the 2 fibers/cc asbestos standard in asbestos
      textile facilities.
AB  - The technical feasibility of developing dust control practice which would bring
      the asbestos industry into compliance with the OSHA I fibers/cc standard,
      scheduled to become effective July 1, 1976, has been questioned since its
      promulgation. This paper presents the results of industrial hygiene surveys,
      including the results of 243 asbestos air samples, conducted at two asbestos
      textile production facilities which have achieved the 2 fibers/cc standard. Both
      facilities use nonconventional production techniques. Conclusions drawn from the
      investigations express the need for: (1) a study of new products; (2) a tool to
      motivate consumers to switch to the new products when appropriate; and (3)
      legislation which will protect all domestic producers of asbestos textiles from
      certain producers who do not have to absorb the added expense of meeting the OSHA
      standard.

PMID- 1096585
TI  - Recommended procedures for sampling and counting asbestos fibers. Procedures for
      the evaluation of occupational exposures to airborne asbestos.

PMID- 1096586
TI  - Background documentation of evaluation of occupational exposure to airborne
      asbestos.
AB  - This review presents background information and literature documentation to
      supplement the "Recommended Procedures for Sampling and Counting Asbestos Fibers:
      Procedures for the Evaluation of Occupational Exposure to Airborne Asbestos"
      prepared by the joint ACGIH-AIHA Aerosol Hazards Evaluation Committee. It reviews
      the nature of the inhalation hazard associated with asbesots fibers, the sampling
      and analytic methods which have been used, and a rationale for the selection of
      the membrane filter sampling-optical phase microscope identification and assay
      methodology which is recommended.

PMID- 1096587
TI  - A simple method for anzlyzing multifactorial data.
AB  - A simple method of isolating significant factors from multifactorial data has
      been outlined. The factors must be at two levels, but any number of factors can
      be handled. Variable group sizes and empty groups do not invalidate the method.

PMID- 1096588
TI  - Effect of microorganisms isolated from the upper gut of malnourished children on
      intestinal sugar absorption in vivo.
AB  - The effect of microorganisms isolated from the upper gastrointestinal tract of
      malnourished children on intestinal sugar absorption was studied in rats in vivo.
      Pure cultures of organisms were grown overnight in a nutrient broth and the
      resultant supernatant fluid which contained microorganisms in similar numbers to
      those found in the patients was used as the basic solution for jejunal perfusions
      which were done in anesthetized adult Wistar rats. The substrate used was arbutin
      (p-hydroxphenyl-beta-glucoside), a recognized marker of intestinal active sugar
      transport. Of the gram-positive cocci studied, only the saprophyte,
      Staphylococcus saprophyticus, did not adversely affect the intestinal absorption
      of arbutin. The only gram-positive rod studied, a lactobacillus, also
      significantly inhibited arbutin absorption. Of the Enterobacteriaciae studied,
      Salmonella paratyphi B, a Shigella and Proteus sp. did not affect arbutin
      absorption. All the species of Escherichia coli studied, including a
      nonpathogenic variety, inhibited absorption. Klebsiella sp. and Pseudomonas sp.
      were also effective. Of the Candida sp., C. albicans and C. parapsilosis were
      inhibitory while C. tropicalis was not. These results suggest that microorganisms
      not generally considered enteropathogenic may adversely affect intestinal
      function when present in the lumen of the gut in excessive numbers and contribute
      to the production of diarrhea in children with malnutrition.

PMID- 1096589
TI  - Richter's syndrome. A terminal complication of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with
      distinct clinicopathologic features.
AB  - Long, John C., AND Aisenberg, Alan C.: Richter's syndrome. A terminal
      complication of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with distinct clinicopathologic
      features. Am J Clin Pathol 63: 786-795, 1975. Two patients with chronic
      lymphocytic leukemia of 8 and 9 years duration had a terminal illness
      characterized by weight loss, persistent fever, lymphadenopathy, and
      dysglobulinemia. In both cases autopsy revealed a pleomorphic histiocytic
      lymphoma which contained multinucleate tumor cells and was associated with
      persistent chronic lymphocytic leukemia. These two cases are examples of
      Richter's syndrome, a clinically distinct complication of chronic lymphocytic
      leukemia that may be confused pathologically with Hodgkin's disease. Review of
      the medical literature suggests that this syndrome has frequently gone
      unrecognized. (Key words: Richter's syndrome; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia.)

PMID- 1096591
TI  - Toxoplasmosis. Historical review, direct diagnostic microscopy, and report of a
      case.
AB  - A case of congenital toxoplasmosis diagnosed by the detection of Toxoplasma
      gondii organisms in the ventricular fluid of a living patient, confirmed by mouse
      inoculation, is reported. The subject of toxoplasmosis is reviewed historically,
      especially in regard to cases diagnosed by direct microscopic examination of
      cerebrospinal or ventricular fluids. Although several such cases have been
      reported in the world medical literature, an extensive survey failed to reveal
      such a case previously reported in the United States.

PMID- 1096590
TI  - Erosive gastritis as a manifestation of secondary syphilis.
AB  - In a case of secondary syphilis with gastric involvement, the clinical history
      and roentgenographic and gastroscopic examiniations initially suggested an
      infiltrative malignant neoplasm. However, macroscopic and histologic examination
      of the partial gastrectomy specimen demonstrated an erosive, inflammatory lesion.
      Subsequently, numerous Treponema pallida were demonstrated in formalin-fixed
      eroded gastric mucosa by silver impregnation and fluorescent antibody technics.
      Although the true incidence of syphilitic gastritis is unknown, it may occur
      commonly during the secondary stage of syphilis and should be considered in the
      differential diagnosis of diffuse erosive gastritides and infiltrative lesions of
      the stomach.

PMID- 1096592
TI  - Recovery of Cryptococcus neoformans from sputum using new technics for the
      isolation of fungi from sputum.
AB  - Three sputum-digesting agents, N-acetyl-l-cytseine, dithiothreitol, and
      pancreatin-trypsin, were shown to be equally effective in allowing for the
      isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from sputum samples in quantitative
      comparisons.  By quantitative plating on bird-seed medium it was also shown the
      centrifugation after digestion concentrated C. neoformans into a platable
      sediment and, further, that the organisms, when present in concentrations as low
      as 10 yeasts per ml. of sputum, could be isolated with much higher frequencies
      than when no digestion-centrifugation procedure was used.

PMID- 1096593
TI  - The accuracy of calcium analysis in the United States.
AB  - The accuracy of the methods commonly used for calcium analysis in clinical
      laboratories in the United States was studied with the aid of the National Bureau
      of Standards (NBS). Samples from six large serum pools that had been analyzed by
      4,258 clinical laboratories were sent to NBS. At NBS the calcium contents of the
      samples were determined using isotope dilution and mass spectrometry (ID-MS). The
      findings show that the bias of the routine methods varies from levels that are
      insignificant to levels that would have an impact on patient care. The accuracy
      of the automated methods is comparable to the accuracy of the best manual
      methods. The accuracy of the proposed calcium reference method is comparable to
      the accuracy of a number of the methods in current routine use. There is evidence
      of a widespread lack of standardization at the extremes of the clinical range;
      this effect is not shown by the results obtained by automated methods. The study
      underlines the value of developing technology, such as ID-MS, that is capable of
      providing definitive values. The definitive values can then be used to assess the
      bias of routine methods on a nationwide scale, using existing programs.

PMID- 1096594
TI  - Treatment of laryngotracheobronchitis (croup). Use of intermittent positive
      pressure breathing and racemic epinephrine.
AB  - Use of racemic epinephrine hydrochloride (Vaponefrin), delivered by intermittent
      positive-pressure breathing, in the treatment of laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)
      produced acute beneficial results in a controlled study. However, symptoms often
      recurred within two hours, suggesting that this form of treatment should not be
      used in the emergency room and the patient then sent home. This treatment had no
      effect on arterial oxygen gas pressure. The changes in clinical status 24 to 36
      hours after admission into the study were similar for the patients in the
      treatment and control groups, suggesting that the natural history of the disease
      was not drastically altered by this form of treatment.

PMID- 1096595
TI  - Flouride. Ten-year prospective study of deciduous and permanent dentition.
AB  - A ten-year longitudinal prospective study compared the effect of fluoride on
      dentition of 1,500 children from infancy through age 10 years. In Kalamazoo,
      Mich, and Oneida, NY, parallel groups were given a fluoride-vitamin supplement
      from infancy and from age 4 and compared with fluoridated water and control
      groups. Incidence of new caries activity in both deciduous and permanent teeth
      was measured by mean number of new decayed and filled teeth, as well as
      percentage of children with no caries throughout the periods studied. Prevalence
      of caries was also studied in six-year molars. The results indicate a consistent
      (and, for selected groups, a statistically significant) diminution in caries
      activity for both deciduous and permanent teeth for groups ranked from greatest
      retardation of caries to least: infant fluoride group, water fluoride group, age
      4 fluoride group, and controls.

PMID- 1096596
TI  - Use of berberine in treatment of giardiasis.

PMID- 1096597
TI  - Stimulation of human pepsin output by tropical hydrochloric acid.
AB  - Pepsin secretion is stimulated by the back-diffusion of acid across the mucosa of
      the vagally denervated canine pouch.  If back-diffusion is enhanced by damage,
      pepsin secretion increases.  The current study investigates whether this
      mechanism exists in man.  The stomach of normal human volunteers were irrigated
      for 1 hour with either buffer of 0.01 N HCl, 1 hour with 0.2 N HCl, and a final
      hour with buffer or 0.01 N HCl.  During the middle hour both the concentration
      and output of pepsin increased three- or fourfold.  From these studies it appears
      that the human gastric mucosa contains a mechanism similar to the dog's which
      results in the stimulation of pepsin secretion when exposed to acid.  This
      mechanism could be of etiologic significance in gastric ulcer disease, which has
      been shown to be associated with increased gastric-mucosal permeability.

PMID- 1096598
TI  - The first application of transhepatic cholangiography to the localization of
      liver or biliary tract pathology: Hanoi, 1937.

PMID- 1096599
TI  - Hemorrhagic pancreatitis with duodenopancreatic fistula in a renal homograft
      patient.
AB  - A 39-year old man who developed hemorrhagic pancreatitis seven months after his
      second renal homograft survived. Azathioprine was stopped but prednisone was
      continued. A pseudocyst spontaneously vanished and an upper gastrointestinal
      series showed a duodenopancreatic fistula. His homograft maintained good
      function.

PMID- 1096600
TI  - Editorial: Historical vignette.

PMID- 1096601
TI  - Current drug therapy - thiazide diuretics.

PMID- 1096602
TI  - Index of current studies in hospital pharmacy. May 1975.

PMID- 1096603
TI  - Clinical applications of complement measurements in rheumatic diseases.
AB  - There is now convincing evidence that the complement system is involved in the
      pathogenesis of at least some of the manifestations of human rheumatic diseases. 
      Complement measurements in serum and/or pathologic fluids from patients with
      these disorders not only reflect this involvement but also may provide important
      clues regarding the activity and extent of the disease processes.  Future studies
      should provide additional information concerning the usefulness of such
      measurements for predicting the outcome of specific therapeutic regimens, and
      perhaps also be the basis for the evolution of new and more rational forms of
      therapy.

PMID- 1096604
TI  - The demands and limits of care--ethical reflections on the moral dilemma of
      neonatal intensive care.
AB  - Decisions regarding the care of deformed and retarded infants pose difficult
      ethical and moral dilemmas for both physicians and parents.  Ethical inquiry
      regarding such questions must be concerned with how we see and understand the
      dilemma for conceptualization of the problem often shapes the decisions that are
      made.  The fundamental issue that provides the background for the kind and amount
      of care defective newborns should receive is the obligation parents have to care
      for their children.  New medical technology has so extended the limits of care
      that the extent of parental (and societal) obligation is unclear.  In dealing
      with the problem of defective newborns, the action of both physicians and parents
      is determined in part by concern to act in a manner congruent with assumed roles
      and identity.  With no moral consensus regarding the care of defective newborns,
      the doctor is put in a precarious position.  What is revealed is how dependent
      medicine is on its underlying moral community to give it moral direction in
      instances of ambiguity and uncertainty.

PMID- 1096605
TI  - Nurses in American history: the fateful decade, 1890-1900.

PMID- 1096606
TI  - Let the computer teach it.

PMID- 1096607
TI  - Nurses in American history. Our first four licensure laws.

PMID- 1096608
TI  - The "fetoscope"--a new clinical tool for prenatal genetic diagnosis.
AB  - Our experience in 65 patients using a "fetoscope" and local anesthesia prior to
      saline abortion is described. Visualization of the intrauterine contents improved
      with experience, was optimum at 16 to 18 weeks' gestation, and was superior to
      the quality of photographic records. Four fetal skin biopsies and 6 amnion
      biopsies were done. Six blood samples were taken from the fetal surface of the
      placenta. The limitations of this instrument are described. No significant
      complications have occurred. Current and probable future indications for
      fetoscopy are reviewed. Until both the safety of the procedure is proved and
      problems of visualization due to limitation of visual field are solved, extreme
      caution is urged in the employment of this instrument in genetic high-risk
      pregnancy.

PMID- 1096609
TI  - Preinduction priming with oral prostaglandin E2.
AB  - A double-blind study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of
      prostaglandin E2 as a means for improving the prelabor pelvic conditions
      preparatory to induction of labor at term in 30 patients with unfavorable Bishop
      scores of less than 6. An interval of priming was followed after 8 to 12 hours by
      induction with oxytocin infusion. No meaningful differences were found in index
      cases as compared with controls to verify that PGE2 has any priming or enhancing
      effect under the conditions of the investigation.

PMID- 1096610
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Karl Siegmund Franz Crede.

PMID- 1096611
TI  - Beta-receptor stimulation in essential dysmenorrhea.

PMID- 1096612
TI  - Uterine contractility and regional blood flow responses to oxytocin and
      prostaglandin E2 in pregnant rhesus monkeys.
AB  - The effects of oxytocin and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) infusions on regional blood
      flow (measured by radioactive microspheres) and myometrial contractility were
      studied in 18 pregnant rhesus monkeys near term. We observed no significant
      differences between PGE2 and oxytocin in cardiac output, hemodynamics, or uterine
      activity. Their effects on the regional distribution of systemic blood flow were
      similar although the gastrointestinal tract received an increased percentage of
      cardiac output after PGE2. A relative placental ischemia, together with a
      myometrial hyperemia, was observed during labor. Uterine contraction produced a
      large reduction (average 73 per cent) in placental blood flow whereas myometrial
      blood flow was maintained or sometimes increased. A significant negative
      correlation was observed between intra-amniotic pressure and placental blood
      flow. During uterine relaxation, placental flow partially recovered whereas
      myometrial flow nearly doubled the prelabor values. We conclude that (1) in the
      dose ranges studied, oxytocin and PGE2 produce similar effects on myometrial
      contractility and uteroplacental blood flow, and (2) the vascular beds of the
      placenta and myometrium respond differently to labor of moderate intensity.

PMID- 1096613
TI  - Complications of fetal scalp electrodes: a case report.

PMID- 1096614
TI  - Letter: Dr. Joseph Bolivar DeLee.

PMID- 1096615
TI  - Changes in LH-releasing hormone content of the hypothalamus and electron
      microscopy of the anterior pituitary after prostaglandin E2 injection in rats.
AB  - The purpose of this study is to present evidence that prostaglandin (PG) E2
      stimulates a release of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) from the
      hypothalmus. In experiment 1, 72 hours after estrogen and progesterone treatment,
      a solution of 700 mug of PGE2 was injected into the jugular vein. Blood samples
      for plasma LH and the hypothalamus for LH-RH assay were collected before and 5,
      10, and 30 minutes after PGE2 injection and subjected to radioimmunoassay. The
      total LH-RH content of the hypothalamus decreased from 20.4 to 15.3 ng. at 5
      minutes after PGE2 and had returned to the pretreatment level by 30 minutes after
      PGE2 administration. On the other hand, plasma LH levels increased at 5 minutes,
      reached a peak at 10 minutes, followed by a decline at 30 minutes after PGE2
      injection. In Experiment 2, 10 and 30 minutes after a single injection of PGE2 or
      synthetic LH-RH, the anterior pituitary were excised for an electromicroscopic
      study. Ten minute after PGE2, an enlarged Golgi apparatus, well-developed rough
      endoplasmic reticulum, and decreased secretory granules were observed in
      pituitary gonadotropins as compared with the control group. These changes were
      more conspicuous in the pituitaries obtained 30 minutes after PGE2. In Experiment
      3, plasma LH levels were determined serially before and 10, 30, 60, and 90
      minutes after a single injection of PGE2, LH-RH, or saline. There is a striking
      resemblance between the PGE2- and LH-RH-treated groups. Plasma LH levels in both
      these groups reached a peak at 10 minutes and started to decline 30 minutes after
      PGE2 or LH-RH administration. Our findings would indicate that PGE2 stimulates LH
      RH secretion from the hypothalamus.

PMID- 1096616
TI  - Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid. III. Demonstration of the
      variability of bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid with a new plate
      count technique.
AB  - The ability of 50 human amniotic fluid samples to inhibit the growth of
      Escherichia coli was measured with a new semimicro plate-count technique. A range
      from bacterial growth-sustaining fluid to bactericidal fluid was observed. When
      the inhibitory capacities of the fluid samples were correlated with gestational
      age, a progressive increase was obtained with maximum inhibitory capacity at 36
      to 40 weeks. All fluid samples obtained before 20 weeks' gestation were capable
      of supporting bacterial growth. Fluid samples of 36 to 40 weeks' gestation were
      all bactericidal or bacteriostatic. More variability in inhibitory capacity was
      seen after 40 weeks, with an over-all loss of inhibition observed.

PMID- 1096617
TI  - Bacterial growth inhibition by amniotic fluid. IV. Studies on the nature of
      bacterial inhibition with the use of plate-count determinations.
AB  - Bacterial growth inhibition in amniotic fluid is associated with a compound or
      class of compounds which resembles antibacterial cationic peptides. The inhibitor
      studied in amniotic fluid is sensitive to treatment with monobasic and dibasic
      potassium phosphate, and the inhibitory activity of amniotic fluid is lost
      following adsorption onto bentomite. The inhibitory component in amniotic fluid
      interacts with bacterial cells by adsorption or is internalized by viable cells
      only. The inhibitory quality of amniotic fluid is not destroyed by heating to 100
      degrees C. for 15 minutes, and this heat-stable inhibitory activity is associated
      with the compound or compounds which are phosphate sensitive. A possible mode of
      antibacterial action which is consistent with the data presented is discussed.

PMID- 1096618
TI  - The influence of advancing gestation on group B streptococcal colonization in
      pregnant women.
AB  - An investigation to determine the throat and vaginal colonization rates of group
      B streptococci among second- and third-trimester pregnant women was performed.
      Group B streptococci were recovered from 25.4 per cent of third-trimester and
      14.8 per cent of second-trimester parturient (p = less than 0.025). Serotype
      distribution of isolates was similar among these two study groups. No significant
      differences in colonization rates were noted on the basis of age, race, parity,
      or complications of pregnancy.However, postpartum fever occurred in 22 per cent
      of colonized and only 4 per cent of noncolonized second-trimester parturients.
      The reason for this significant increase in group B streptococcal colonization
      rates with advancing gestation remains speculative.

PMID- 1096619
TI  - The hypothalamus and reproduction.

PMID- 1096620
TI  - Letter: Transplacental mumps infection.

PMID- 1096621
TI  - Letter: Pathophysiology of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in severe pre
      eclampsia.

PMID- 1096623
TI  - Randomized controlled clinical trial. National Eye Institute workshop for
      ophthalmologists. Ethical aspects of clinical trials.

PMID- 1096622
TI  - Principles in the management of oculomycosis. XXXI Edward Jackson memorial
      lecture.
AB  - Effective antifungal therapy must be long-term, nondamaging, penetrating to the
      eye, and highly active against each patient's fungus. Results of antifungal
      sensitivity testing of 61 collected ocular fungal pathogens and observations in
      25 cases treated with one of the nonpolyene antifungal drugs indicated that
      infection was rapidly controlled and eradicated with restoration of visual
      acuity, determined by the degree of disorganization present at the time of
      commencement of rational specific antifungal therapy. Pimaricin has the widest
      spectrum, a medium level of activity, and rather poor penetration but is
      recommended as an antifungal prophylactic and as first-line-therapy for ocular
      fungal disease while awaiting identification and sensitivity testing of the
      fungus. Flucytosine combined with amphotericin B, or possibly with clotrimazole
      or miconazole, is recommended for Candida infections. Clotrimazole is the drug of
      choice for Aspergillus species although miconazole and econazole are more
      effective with some isolates. Miconazole and econazole are recommended for
      miscellaneous filamentous fungi although clotrimazole or thiabendazole are
      superior in some cases. Each of these drugs may be useful in patients infected
      with Fusarium who do not respond to primaricin. In these cases, drug use should
      be guided by the results of antifungal sensitivity testing. In addition to
      medical antifungal therapy some eyes may require excisional keratoplasty with the
      lens removal and evacuation of the posterior chamber and anterior vitreous
      cavity.

PMID- 1096624
TI  - Randomized controlled clinical trial. National Eye Institute workshop for
      ophthalmologists. Why do we need controls? Why do we need to randomize?

PMID- 1096625
TI  - Randomized controlled clinical trial. National Eye Institute workshop for
      ophthalmologists. Objective measurements and the double-masked procedure.

PMID- 1096626
TI  - Randomized controlled clinical trial. National Eye Institute workshop for
      ophthalmologists. Standardizing diagnostic procedures.

PMID- 1096627
TI  - Randomized controlled clinical trial. National Eye Institute workshop for
      ophthalmologists. Writing the protocol for a clinical trial.

PMID- 1096628
TI  - Randomized controlled clinical trial. National Eye Institute workshop for
      ophthalmologists. Application of the principles of clinical trials.

PMID- 1096629
TI  - Intermediate-term corneal storage for penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - Fifty-seven penetrating keratoplasties were performed using human donor corneal
      material stored in modified Tissue Culture Medium 199 (TC-199). Fifty-six grafts
      were clear on the first postoperative day and remained clear for at least three
      weeks. During the follow-up period (average, 3.7 months), only four additional
      graft failures occurred. The reduced incidence of early graft edema is attributed
      to prolonged viability of corneal endothelium maintained in modified TC-199
      medium prior to keratoplasty.

PMID- 1096631
TI  - Association awards go to Dr. Broadbent, Dr. Salzmann, and Dr. Sicher.

PMID- 1096630
TI  - Topical tetracycline and rifampicin therapy of endemic trachoma in Tunisia.
AB  - A controlled chemotherapy trial of trachoma was carried out in a Tunisian oasis
      among schoolchildren with active disease. We compared 1% tetracycline ointment
      (79 patients) or 1% rifampicin ointment (76 patients) with 5% boric acid ointment
      (79 patients). Medications were administered twice daily, six days a week, for
      ten weeks. Slit-lamp examinations by three ophthalmologists were made
      independently before treatment as well as five, 19, and 39 weeks after treatment.
      Bacteriologic cultures were taken during treatment as were smears to detect
      trachoma agent at each clinical examination. Five weeks after treatment, the
      intensity of conjunctival disease in the tetracycline and rifampicin groups was
      reduced significantly when compared with boric acid, but at 19 weeks this
      suppression was found only in the tetracycline group. Ocular bacterial pathogens
      were eliminated almost entirely in the two antibiotic groups during treatment.
      The initial prevalence of trachoma (29to 31%) was significantly reduced in the
      two antibiotic-treated groups at five weeks and 19 weeks after treatment. The
      prevalence of trachoma was equally low (7%) in all three groups following
      retreatment with tetracycline. Although both antibiotics were effective,
      rifampicin offered no advantage over tetracycline in this trial. Recurrent
      disease in this school-based treatment study probably was due to reinfection from
      younger siblings at home. While systematic, community-wide, antibiotic treatment
      programs are not always possible in countries where trachoma is endemic, limited
      antibiotic therapy programs should be continued in these areas to reduce the
      intensity and prevalence of trachoma, even though the disease cannot be
      eradicated.

PMID- 1096632
TI  - Editorial: Another orthodontic first: the 1926 international congress.

PMID- 1096633
TI  - The development and resolution of glomerular basement membrane changes associated
      with subepithelial immune deposits.
AB  - The morphogenesis of glomerular basement membrane changes associated with
      subepithelial immune deposits was studied in kidney biopsies from patients with
      gold-induced membranous glomerulonephoritis. Serial biopsies showed focal
      accumulations of additional basement membrane material around the deposits,
      suggesting that the deposited material stimulated the epithelium to increased
      synthesis. Moreover, the deposits were gradually displaced towards the inner
      (endothelia) side of the basement membrane during the course of the disease,
      suggesting that this layer undergoes a slow continuous turnover, with removal at
      its endothelial aspect. The two processes--increased epithelial synthesis and
      turnover--are suggested to constitute the basis of a natural healing process
      resulting in elimination of the deposits and structural restoration of the
      basement membrane. The epithelial slit membranes were dislocated externally by
      the deposits or the excessive basement membrane material, indicating that their
      barrier function is preserved even in this pathologic condition.

PMID- 1096635
TI  - Shirley Cooper, M.S. President American Orthopsychiatric Association.

PMID- 1096634
TI  - Immunologic enhancement of rat renal allografts. III. Immunopathologic lesions
      and rejection in long-surviving passively enhanced grafts.
AB  - Immunologic enhancement of renal allografts from (Lewis times Brown Norway) F1 to
      Lewis rats was achieved by administering a single dose of antidonor serum at the
      time of transplantation. A series of grafts functioning for 1 to 4 months after
      transplantation were examined by light and immunofluorescence microscopy to
      evaluate the long-term protective effects of the enhancing serum and to determine
      if previously unobserved lesions appeared in long survivors. Despite the absence
      of detectable circulating cytotoxic alloantibody, long-term allografts showed
      necrotizing glomerular and arterial lesions which resembled those seen in acutely
      rejecting grafts and were compatible with humoral rejection. Thus, in this model,
      there is a late decline in the ability of passive enhancement to inhibit humoral
      rejection. Long-term grafts also developed tubular lesions with deposition of
      immunoglobulin and complement on the tubular basement membranes (TBM). Anti-TBM
      antibodies were demonstrated in recipients' sera and found to be organ specific
      but not major histocompatibility antigen or species specific. This tubular lesion
      is therefore a unique form of allograft injury in which the immune response is
      directed against tissue antigen(s) which are distinct from the major
      histocompatibility antigens that induce rejection.

PMID- 1096636
TI  - Violence at home: A review of the literature.
AB  - Studies on family violence have analyzed the phenomenon from psychological,
      social, and cultural perspectives. A review of the literature shows that the
      available evidence is not contradictory, leading to the conclusion that a
      comprehensive theory of violence at home must take into account factors at these
      several levels, placing individual functioning within the social group and within
      the culture norms by which the group operates. A theory of violence at home, and
      suggestions for further research, are offered.

PMID- 1096637
TI  - E. Carl Sensenig. 1910-1974.

PMID- 1096638
TI  - New studies of post-Pleistocene human skeletal remains from the Rift Valley,
      Kenya.
AB  - Prehistoric human crania from Bromhead's Site, Willey's Kopje, Makalia Burial
      Site, Nakuru, and other localities in the Eastern Rift Valley of Kenya are
      reassessed using measurements and a multivariate statistical approach. Materials
      available for comparison include series of Bushman and Hottentot crania. South
      and East African Negroes, and Egyptians. Up to 34 cranial measurements taken on
      these series are utilized to construct three multiple discriminant frameworks,
      each of which can assign modern individuals to a correct group with considerable
      accuracy. When the prehistoric crania are classified with the help of these
      discriminants, results indicate that several of the skulls are best grouped with
      modern Negroes. This is especially clear in the case of individuals from
      Bromhead's Site, Willey's Kopje, and Nakuru, and the evidence hardly suggests
      post-Pleistocene domination of the Rift and surrounding territory by
      "Mediterranean" Caucasoids, as has been claimed. Recent linguistic and
      archaeological findings are also reviewed, and these seem to support application
      of the term Nilotic Negro to the early Rift populations.

PMID- 1096639
TI  - Morphometric analysis of Cartesian coordinates of the human skull.
AB  - A method for locating the three dimensional coordinates of cranial landmarks with
      respect to the Frankfort, midsagittal, and coronal planes is presented. Sliding
      calipers were used to obtain the distances from left and right porion and apex to
      each landmark, except for a few points where spreading calipers are required. In
      the present example, 35 landmarks (for a total of 105 measurements) were located
      for each of 35 Peruvian precolumbian skulls. These distances were entered into a
      program (SKULL) which calculates the Cartesian coordinates of each landmark. The
      XYZ coordinates of each landmark contain all the information necessary for
      calculation of the distances between any two landmarks, and these distances may
      also be obtained as output from program SKULL, if desired (595 distances if all
      35 landmarks are used). Reliability of the location of coordinates was determined
      by comparing computed distances among selected landmarks from program SKULL with
      traditional anthropometric measurements. Satisfactory agreements were found.
      Direct multivariate analysis of the coordinates of the landmarks produced
      insights not available in traditional multivariate analysis of conventional
      anthropometric measurements.

PMID- 1096640
TI  - Cranial dysraphism mistaken for trephination.
AB  - Attention is called to a disputed diagnosis of trephination reported for a
      perforated skull of a prehistoric New England Indian. The perforation, surrounded
      by a saucer-like depression, is located exactly in the midline just in front of
      bregma. The finding of a similar lesion in a prehistoric Indian skull from the
      North Coast of Peru--where, as in New England, good evidence of the practice of
      trephination is lacking--provides support for a more reasonable diagnosis for
      both cases: congenital cranial dysraphism, specifically encephalocele.
      Information about dysraphic states from modern clinical experience is summarized.

PMID- 1096641
TI  - Pressure-flow relations in the vessels of the canine aortic arch.
AB  - Simultaneous measurements of pressure and flow have been made in the vessels of
      the aortic arch in chloralose-anesthetized dogs under three conditions; control,
      cardiac sympathetic (SS), and vagal nerve stimulation (VS). The specific sites
      studied include ascending aorta (AA), descending thoracic aorta (DTA), and
      brachiocephalic (BCA), left subclavian (LSC), and common carotid arteries (CA).
      Recorded data were analyzed by Fourier series methods and were used to calculate
      vascular impedance spectra, pressure and flow propagation characteristics, and
      hydraulic power. The distribution of cardiac output was found to be 70% to DTA,
      22.2% to BCA, and 6.5% to LSC. The fraction of cardiac output to the BCA, LSC,
      and CA was increased by both SS and VS. The hydraulic power was distributed to
      the arch vessels nearly the same as the cardiac output. Hydraulic power
      dissipated in the arch vessels averaged 6% of the total AA hydraulic power and
      was increased by SS and decreased by VS. The results suggest that viscous losses
      in the arterial walls represent a considerable portion of the power dissipation.
      A similarity found in the vascular impedance spectra at the various sites for all
      three conditions was also observed for the transmission characteristics of
      pressure and flow harmonics between the sites. The results suggest that major
      reflections do not occur in the proximal aorta.

PMID- 1096642
TI  - Hormone-substrate responses to total fasting in lean and obese mice.
AB  - The hormone-substrate milieu has been investigated in male fasted lean (C57BL/6
      +/+) mice and mutant obese mice of the same strain (C57BL/6-obob). The lean
      mouse, in winter, mobilized insufficient fat (due to inadequate stores) to permit
      survival beyong 3 days and was unable to achieve any degree of conservation of
      vital protein stores. By contrast, in summer, the same animals survived 7 days
      and showed evidence of greater and more sustained fat mobilization and ketosis
      and the ability to conserve protein. The insulin, glucagon, and insulin/glucagon
      molar ratios changed in both groups in a direction consistent with conversion to
      a catabolic state, and hence were probably largely responsible for the
      mobilization of substrates and stimulation of gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis.
      The seasonal difference in response is unexplained. The obob mice, generally
      employed as a model for obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia showed these
      features but also adapted to fasting in a fashion permitting prolonged survival
      during this state. In a fashion analogous to that known to occur in man, these
      animals developed fall in glycemia, rise in circulating fat-derived substrates,
      and marked protein conservation. Profound fall in insulinemia was associated with
      a fall in glucagonemia, the latter from normal levels. Thus the initial markedly
      "anabolic" insulin/glucagon molar ratio diminished, but nevertheless remained
      higher than at any time in the lean mice. Pancreatic contents of insulin showed
      markedly different changes with fasting in obob compared with lean mice. The
      ability of the obese mouse to adapt to prolonged fasting in a fashion largely
      analogous to that of man renders it a useful model for the study of metabolism in
      this state, with the potential of applicability of findings to man.

PMID- 1096643
TI  - Separate lateral hypothalamic pathways for extracellular and intracellular
      thirst.
AB  - Small lesions of the midlateral zone of the lateral hypothalamus in rats
      attentuated water intake elicted by the central microinjection angiotensin or by
      the peripheral injection of isoproterenol or renin without attenuating drinking
      to peripherally administered hypertonic saline. Lesions placed further lateral in
      the hypothalamus, which destroyed the medial aspects of the internal capsule and
      globus pallidus, produced a marked decrease in water intake induced by 
      hypertonic saline. Abaltion of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus
      increased drinking elicited by angiotension, isoproterenol, or renin. These 
      results suggest that extracellular and intracellular thirst stimuli are mediated
      by separate neural pathways at the level of the lateral hypothalamus.

PMID- 1096644
TI  - Permeability limitation in estimation of local brain blood flow with
      [14C]antipyrine.
AB  - Influence of capillary permeability on local cerebral blood flow (LCBF) estimated
      by the autoradiograhpic diffusible-indicator method was analyzed by computer
      simulation. Its influence increases with increasing flow. With normal perfusion
      rates in gray matter, capillary permeability coefficient x surface area (PS
      value) must exceed 0.12 cm3-s(-1)-g(-1) for estimated LCBF to attain 95% of true
      values in all structures. In white matter, with its lower perfusion rates, the PS
      value must exceed 0.035 cm3-s(-1)-g(-1) for equivalent accuracy. [14C]antipyrine,
      widely used in the LCBF technique, has a PS value below these values and leads to
      undersestimation of LCBF. Experimental studies in cats in which LCBF was measured
      with either [14C]antipyrine or the freely diffusible, radioactive gas,
      [131I]trifluoroiodomethane, demonstrated consistently lower estimates of LCBF
      with [14C]antipyrine than with the gas; the deviations in the various cerebral
      structures approximated those predicted by the theoretical analyses. These
      results suggest that the uptake of [14C]antipyrine by cerebral tissues is
      diffusion limited as well as flow limited, and it therefore is not an ideal
      tracer for the autoradiographic LCBF technique.

PMID- 1096645
TI  - Caffeine versus methylphenidate and d-amphetamine in minimal brain dysfunction: a
      double-blind comparison.
AB  - The authors compared the efficacy of caffeine, methylphenidate, and d-amphetamine
      in children with minimal brain dysfunction using a double-blind crossover design.
      The slight improvement with caffeine was not significantly better than placebo.
      Both prescription drugs resulted in significant improvement and were
      significantly superior to caffeine. The authors suggest that the discrepancy
      between these results and an earlier, more optimistic report mat stem from the
      use in this study of pure caffeine rather than whole coffee.

PMID- 1096646
TI  - Aubrey Lewis 1900-1975.

PMID- 1096647
TI  - Psychotherapy in India: past, present, and future.
AB  - If psychotherapy is defined as "interpersonal method of mitigating suffering"
      then many psychotherapeutic systems have existed in India a long time. Unlike
      Western systems, these have lacked a clinical bias but have provided a more
      global framework. The future of psychotherapy in both East and West lies in
      discovering a conceptual framework with universal validity within which ad hoc
      therapies--for symptom relief, personality development, or interpersonal
      adjustment--can be developed.

PMID- 1096649
TI  - Jacques Lefebvre 1907-1974.

PMID- 1096648
TI  - Women and health bookshelf.

PMID- 1096650
TI  - Primary tumors of the clavicle and scapula.

PMID- 1096651
TI  - Solitary phalangeal defect in the hand. Report of 2 rare cases.
AB  - Two unusual causes of bone defect in the finger are described. In one patient,
      erosion of the proximal phalanx was caused by a ring that eroded its way through
      the soft tissue and bone after an injury. In the other, a subungual wart caused a
      defect on the distal phalanx.

PMID- 1096652
TI  - Methylation & schizophrenia.

PMID- 1096653
TI  - The circle system without absorber. Use with controlled ventilation.
AB  - An investigation is described into the performance of two types of circle system
      used without a carbon dioxide absorber in both the laboratory and in the
      operating theatre with controlled ventilation. The newer system was found to be
      more efficient than the old but in both types of system the tidal volume was
      found to be very important, a large tidal volume resulted in increased
      efficiency. The possibility of predicting arterial blood carbon dioxide using
      this system is briefly discussed, and rules are suggested for the use of the
      system.

PMID- 1096654
TI  - The Retec breathing assistor. An application of fluidics to apparatus for
      inhalation therapy.
AB  - The Retec breathing assistor, with its gluidic valve, is an interesting method of
      providing assisted positive pressure inspiration, a resistive load to expiration
      and a capability for the administration of drugs by nebuliser. It requires some
      co-operation but very little training by patients, and is easily cleaned and
      maintained.

PMID- 1096655
TI  - A portable self-inflator-nebuliser.
AB  - An inexpensive portable apparatus for the administration of topical nebulisation
      therapy is described.

PMID- 1096656
TI  - The immersion incident.
AB  - The ever increasing participation in aquatic recreational activities is a major
      factor in the increasing number of deaths due to accidental immersion. Some of
      these deaths occur while undergoing resuscitative efforts immediately following
      rescue, on admission to hospital, or even up to 19 days after the immersion
      incident. Drowning, either acute or its delayed effects, is chiefly responsible
      for these deaths, but in a number, hypothermia occurring alone or complicating
      drowning, is the likely explanation. This paper examines the problem and proposes
      a regime of management.

PMID- 1096657
TI  - The first trans-auricular mitral valvotomy. An account to mark the fiftieth
      anniversary of the operation.

PMID- 1096658
TI  - Letter: Oxygen a la mode.

PMID- 1096659
TI  - Letter: CPAP after open heart surgery.

PMID- 1096660
TI  - Blind nasal intubation.

PMID- 1096661
TI  - Spinal analgesia.

PMID- 1096662
TI  - Trichlorethylene.

PMID- 1096663
TI  - Cyclopropane.

PMID- 1096664
TI  - Some eighteenth century authorities on the resuscitation of the apparently
      drowned.
AB  - Attempts to resuscitate the apparently drowned began seriously in the eighteenth
      century. The theories and methods of resuscitation used or advocated by some of
      the early European workers have been reviewed. Many of these, including
      artificial ventilation, chest compression, endotracheal intubation and electrical
      stimulation of the heart seem to have been forgotten during the nineteenth
      century and not used again until recent times.

PMID- 1096665
TI  - Arterial oxygen tensions during the induction of ether and air anaesthesia with
      spontaneous respiration.
AB  - Arterial oxygen tensions were measured during the induction of ether and air
      anaesthesia with the EMO Inhaler and spontaneous respiration. Severe degrees of
      anoxia were demonstrated; these were often associated with normal or above normal
      minute volumes. The danger of anoxia can be alleviated either by supplying oxygen
      or by the use of relaxants and positive pressure ventilation or both. A choice of
      priorities has often to be made by those in authority in developing countries
      where resources of material and manpower are limited and logistic support
      erratic. Every effort should be made to encourage a supply of oxygen in such
      circumstances. The training of anaesthetic staff is of paramount importance and
      it is a great pity that the equivocal attitude of the professions, both medical
      and nursing, in Britain towards the training of nurses and paramedical personnel
      in anaesthesia does little to encourage such training in developing countries.

PMID- 1096666
TI  - Hyoscine butylbromide: a useful premedicant.
AB  - The actions of intravenous hyoscine butylbromide (Buscopan) and atropine sulphate
      on reduction of upper respiratory tract secretions during anaesthesia are
      compared. Hyoscine butylbromide has a significantly more powerful action.

PMID- 1096667
TI  - [Glaucoma, tonometry and anaesthesia (author's transl)].
AB  - Definition and classification of glaucomas. Indication of drugs contraindicated
      in glaucomas. Discussion of the problem of tonometry in anaesthesia in congenital
      glaucoma suspicion with special regard to factors influencing intraocular
      pressure. Discussion of correlation between intraocular pressure and systemic
      blood pressure. Report on own experiences with Ketamine and discussion of
      advantage and disadvantage of the drug for tonometry in anaesthesia in infants.
      Explanation of the method of impression--and applanation tonometry with regard to
      Glaucotest, a new borderline--tonometer suitable for the anaesthesiologist.

PMID- 1096668
TI  - Application of image intensifier for autoradiography of polyacrilamide gels.

PMID- 1096669
TI  - A compilation of amino acid analyses of proteins. VII. Residues per molecule-5.

PMID- 1096670
TI  - A freeze-squeeze method for recovering long DNA from agarose gels.

PMID- 1096671
TI  - In memorium. Herbert Alexander Sober (1918-1974).

PMID- 1096672
TI  - An improved technique for the preparative electrophoresis and electroelution of
      high molecular weight ribosomal RNA.

PMID- 1096673
TI  - Analytical information obtainable by evaluation of the time course of firefly
      bioluminescence in the assay of ATP.

PMID- 1096674
TI  - Ribosomal proteins: simplification of the methods to prepare them for gel
      electrophoresis.

PMID- 1096675
TI  - Differentiation of sympathicoblasts in cultures of chick ganglia: light and
      electron microscopic, fluorescence and enzyme histochemical observations.
AB  - Immature sympathetic ganglia prepared from 5 1/2-or 6-day-old chick embryos were
      cultured up to one month. The in vitro development was followed by phase
      microscopy, electron microscopy and using histochemistry for catecholamines,
      monoamine oxidase and cholinesterases. During the first week of culture extensive
      plexuses of nerve fibres were formed between and around the clusters of nerve
      cells. Mature-looking neurons were observed in the cultures by phase microscopy
      after three weeks, at which age the mean diameter of the perikarya was more than
      doubled. Varying catecholamine fluorescence was observed in the perikarya during
      the entire culture period. The nerve fibres showed usually only weak
      fluorescence, but, in the older cultures, bright varicosities were regularly
      found in the fibres. Monoamine oxidase activity was demonstrated already at three
      days of culture and the reaction was maintained positive. Weak or moderate acetyl
      cholinesterase activity was demonstrated in the sympathicoblasts and young
      sympathetic neurons and their processes. The axolemma showed acetylcholinesterase
      activity also around the nerve terminals containing small dense cored vesicles.
      Reactions for the non-specific cholinesterases were negative. Electron microscopy
      of the 30-day-old cultures revealed that the clusters of nerve cells consisted of
      mature sympathetic neurons, which contained large (60-200 nm) and small (35-60
      nm) granular catecholamine-storing vesicles. Glial cells were almost totally
      lacking. Large numbers of nerve terminals containing both large and small
      granular vesicles were observed in the clusters, often in synaptic contact with
      the sympathetic neurons. It is concluded that the primitive sympathicoblasts are,
      in favourable conditions, capable of differentiation in culture up to mature
      sympathetic neurons.

PMID- 1096676
TI  - Electron microscopic localization of calcium in vascular smooth muscle.
AB  - Potassium pyroantimonate has been employed in this study to localize calcium in
      the vascular smooth muscle of the thoracic aorta of the rabbit. The
      pyroantimonate ion precipitates sodium, magnesium and calcium. Incubation of
      theisolated thoracic aorta in a high potassium bathing medium which does not
      contain sodium, magnesium or calcium depletes the tissue of sodium. Addition of
      10.8 mM CaC12 to the incubation medium results in well-localized depositions of
      reaction product, presumably that of calcium pyroantimonate, in mitochondria,
      sarcoplasmic reticulum, and at the plasma membrane. Some or all of these
      organelles may, therefore, play a vital role in the contraction-relaxation cycle
      of vascular smooth muscle.

PMID- 1096677
TI  - New advances in pulmonary gas exchange.
AB  - Unevenness of ventilation and blood flow within the lung is of great clinical
      importance because this mechanism is the commonest cause of hypoxemia and
      respiratory failure. In spite of this, little is known about the distribution of
      ventilation-perfusion ratios in disease. A new technic for determining these
      distributions is described and examples are given. An important finding is
      instability of areas with low ventilation-perfusion ratios during oxygen
      breathing.

PMID- 1096678
TI  - We salute Gordon M. Wyant, C.D., M.D.

PMID- 1096679
TI  - Effects of intraoperative PEEP on postoperative arterial oxygenation.
AB  - Previous studies have suggested that early postoperative hypozemia may be due to
      a reduction of functional residual capacity (FRC) during anesthesia and surgery.
      Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been recommended as a means of
      maintaining FRC and improving arterial oxygenation. Fifteen selected patients
      undergoing peripheral surgical procedures were anesthetized with one of three
      types of ventilatory patterns: (1) spontaneous respiration; (2) controlled
      ventilation; and (3) controlled ventilation with 10 cm. of water PEEP. Pao2 were
      sampled at selected preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods.
      Patients receiving PEEP maintained the highest mean Pao2 intraoperatively.
      However, the beneficial effect of intraoperative PEEP was not sustained in the
      recovery room, where all patients experienced the same degree of arterial
      hypoxemia.

PMID- 1096680
TI  - Historical vignettes: Dr. Arthur Ernest Guedel 1883-1956.

PMID- 1096681
TI  - Anesthesia and subarachnoid intracranial pressure.
AB  - Intracranial pressure (ICP) was continuously monitored by the Richmond technic of
      Vries and Becker in 17 patients undergoing elective craniotomy. This method
      entails the placement, underlocal anesthesia, of a hollow screw through the
      cranium into the subarachnoid space. The screw was connected to a Statham P23Db
      pressure transducer with heavy vinyl tubing and with pressures recorded on a
      Beckman Dynograph. The effects of 3 anesthetic technice-halothane, enflurane, and
      nitrous oxide-narcotic-relaxant-on ICP during induction and maintenance were
      compared with preinduction control pressures. Control ICP in awake, lightly
      premedicated patients was 15 plus or minus 10 torr. Mask inductions with
      halothane and enflurane consistently caused significant increases in ICP from
      preinduction levels in the absence of excitement or airway obstruction. Induction
      with nitrous oxide-narcotic-relaxant did not increase ICP. Decreases in ICP
      following barbiturate administration were noted. Addition of halothane and
      enflurane to the inspired mixture of patients controlled and hyperventilated with
      nitrous oxide and oxygen caused consistent increases in ICP. With control
      hyperventilation (Paco2 25 plus or minus 5 torr), the ICP did not return toward
      preinduction values within 5 minutes with enflurane and halothane.

PMID- 1096682
TI  - Letter: Contributions by Harvey Cushing.

PMID- 1096683
TI  - Serratia bacteremia from mean arterial pressure monitors.

PMID- 1096684
TI  - An in vitro study of cement retention as related to orthodontics.

PMID- 1096685
TI  - Antazoline phosphate and naphazoline hydrochloride, singly and in combination for
      the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis-a controlled, double-blind clinical
      trial.
AB  - A controlled, double-blind comparison of naphalzoline hydrochloride 0.05%,
      antazoline phosphate 0.5%, a combination of both components and a placebo was
      performed on 51 ragweed sensitive patients presenting allergic conjunctivitis.
      Evaluation of response at various times after instillation of medication for
      lacrimation, conjunctival inflammation, pruritus, photophobia and pain showed
      naphazoline hydrochloride, antazoline phosphate and the combination product
      superior to placebo. The combination product was statistically significantly
      superior for conjunctival inflammation and photophobia. The need for post
      challenge treatment with epinephrine hydrochloride was significantly less in
      those eyes treated with the combination product. demonstrating prophylactic
      efficacy.

PMID- 1096686
TI  - Pyridoxine treatment of childhood bronchial asthma.
AB  - Urinary xanthurenic and kynurenic acid levels were measured in five patients
      while they were receiving 50 mg and 100 mg of pyridoxine. The levels of
      tryptophane metabolite decreased progressively as the dose was increased but
      remained above basal levels. There was marked clinical improvement in these
      patients while receiving the higher dose only. The double-blind study with 76
      asthmatic children followed for five months indicated significant improvement in
      asthma following pyridoxine therapy (200 mg daily) and reduction in dosage of
      bronchodilators and cortisone. The data suggest that these children with severe
      bronchial asthma had a metabolic block in tryptophane metabolism, which was
      benefitted by long-term treatment with large doses of pyridoxine.

PMID- 1096687
TI  - Protection against neonatal enteric colibacillosis in pigs suckling orally
      vaccinated sows.
AB  - Pregnant swine were vaccinated with 1 of 2 enteropathogenic strains of
      Escherichia coli, and their pigs were challenge inoculated with the homologous
      strain 1.5 hours after the entire litter was born. Seventeen sows were vaccinated
      orally by feeding viable cultures on 3 consecutive days, 6 sows were given 2
      intramuscular (IM) injections of viable cultures at 10- to 14-day intervals, 6
      sows were given 2 IM injections fo formolized cultures at 10- to 14-day
      intervals, and 12 sows were not vaccinated. The pigs from sows which had been
      orally vaccinated with viable cultures were protected during the 10-day
      observation period against diarrhea, as well as against death, when the newborn
      pigs were challenge inoculated with the homologous strain. Most of the pigs from
      sows which had been vaccinated IM were protected against death, but few neonates
      were protected against the diarrheal effects of challenge exposure with the
      homologous strain. Challenge-inoculated pigs suckling nonvaccinated sows had
      diarrhea and became dehydrated, and many died. Fewer viable E coli were usually
      recovered from the homogenized intestinal contents or intestinal segments of
      newborn pigs which did not have diarrhea than from similar specimens of diarrheal
      pigs. Microscopic examination of segments of the small intestine revealed that
      large numbers of E coli were closely associated with the ileal mucosa of newborn
      pigs killed in the acute phase of neonatal enteric colibacillosis caused by
      either strain, but organisms were not detected in this location in the pigs which
      remained normal after challenge exposure. It is concluded that swine which have
      been vaccinated by feeding large numbers of viable E coli late in gestation can
      provide good protection to their suckling pigs against the effects of challenge
      inoculation with the homologous enteropathogenic strain.

PMID- 1096688
TI  - Enteric colibacillosis: evaluation of strains of Escherichia coli utilizing the
      ligated loop technique in gnotobiotic swine.
AB  - The enteropathogenicity of 6 strains of Escherichia coli was evaluated via the
      ligated loop technique in 15 gnotobiotic swine 3 to 4 weeks old. Strain
      enteropathogenicity in gnotobiotic swine, as determined on the basis of visual
      loop distention and light microscopic evaluation of intestinal sections, compared
      favorably with that reported in conventional swine, except that jejunal loops of
      gnotobiotic swine may be somewhat less sensitive to certain strains. In addition,
      postoperative mortality rate among gnotobiotic pigs was greater than that
      reported in conventional pigs. Two types of aberrant loop reactions were observed
      during the experiment. The 1st, and the more commonly encountered type, was due
      to the leakage of enteropathogenic organisms or enterotoxin from one loop to
      another; this was considered to be a true false-positive reaction. The 2nd type
      of unexpected positive reaction occurred in 2 sacs inoculated with the
      nonenteropathogenic strain 115. This latter reaction may have represented either
      a reversion of the organism to its previous enteropathogenic state or a unique
      reaction of the gnotobiotic intestine to this strain. False-positive loops were
      not identified in any other sacs, whether inoculated or not. Results of these
      experiments support the hypothesis that false-positive loops originate from
      naturally occurring infection.

PMID- 1096690
TI  - Concentration of lactoferrin in milk of normal lactating cows and changes
      occurring during mastitis.
AB  - The mean lactoferrin (Lf) concentration determined by electroimmunodiffusion
      (EID) assay of whey preparations from 80 quarters of 20 normal lactating cows was
      0.35 mg/ml. The mean alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-LAC) and bovine serum albumin (BSA)
      concentrations were 2.01 mg/ml and 0.29 mg/ml, respectively. The mean was
      significantly related to cell count (P smaller than 0.01), BSA (P smaller than
      0.05), stage of lactation (P smaller than 0.05), and milk production (P smaller
      than 0.05). The Lf-milk production relationship was the only negative
      correlation. In 11 cows with mastitis, there was a significant (P smaller than
      0.01) increase in mean Lf concentration in infected quarters from 0.55 mg/ml on
      day 1 of the infection to 1.89 mg/ml by day 3. By day 15 clinical signs had
      subsided and mean Lf concentrations had decreased to near day 1 values. On day 3
      quarters infected with coliform bacteria (clinical mastitis generally more
      severe) had mean Lf values more than twofold greater than those quarters infected
      with species of Staphylococcus or Streptococcus (milder clinical signs).
      Noninfected (control) quarters of cows having coliform bacteria-infected quarters
      had slightly increased mean Lf concentrations, where Lf concentration in contral
      quarters of cows having quarters infected with gram-positive organisms remained
      unchanged.

PMID- 1096689
TI  - Enzootic occurrence of chloramphenicol-resistant Salmonella typhimurium var
      copenhagen in calf population.
AB  - Chloramphenicol (CP)-resistant Salmonella typhimurium var copenhagen was
      frequently isolated (44.1 to 76.7%) from dead, diseased, and healthy calves on 3
      farms in 1973 in northern Japan. On 2 of the farms, CP-resistant salmonella
      appeared suddenly during an epizootic of salmonella infection, and persisted. Of
      87 CP-resistant to tetracycline (TC), streptomycin (SM), and sulfonamides (SA),
      and the remaining 13 isolates from dead calves on a farm were resistant to TC,
      SM, SA, and kanamycin (KM). Resistance patterns of all CP-resistant isolates were
      transferred completely.

PMID- 1096691
TI  - Nursing history neither dead nor dull.

PMID- 1096692
TI  - Subacute staphylococcal pneumonia in a renal transplant recipient.
AB  - A patient is reported who developed subacute staphylococcal pneumonia 17 months
      after renal transplantation. Although the illness was modified by oral
      antimicrobial drugs, a remarkably benign course was observed, leading to a
      presumptive diagnosis of opportunistic fungal infection. Thus, staphylococcal
      pneumonia may complicate the differential diagnosis of pulmonary infection in
      transplant recipients.

PMID- 1096693
TI  - Disseminated mycobacterium kansasii infection presenting as cellulitis in a
      recipient of a renal homograft.
AB  - A recipient of a renal homograft developed disseminated infection caused by
      Mycobacterium kansaii. He initially presented with cellulitis and abscesses in
      one foot, and was thought to have a pyogenic bacterial infection. The daily
      administration of prednisone and azathioprine appears to have prevented the
      typical cell-mediated granulomatous reaction to mycobacterial infection and to
      have contributed to the patient's atypical inflammatory response. A switch to
      alternate-day prednisone combined with antimycobacterial medication resulted in
      rapid healing without rejection of the homograft.

PMID- 1096694
TI  - The pulmonary response to a bacteremic challenge.
AB  - The pulmonary response to a bacteremic challenge was studied in a mouse model.
      The distribution of intravenously injected radiotracer-labeled Proteus mirabilis
      and Staphylococcus aureus in the lungs, liver, spleen, kidney, and blood was
      examined at 0, 5 30, 60, and 240 min. Pulmonary killing of these organisms was
      studied at 0, 30, and 240 min; 0.8 plus or minus 0.1 per cent of the P. mirabilis
      and 1.5 plus or minus 0.2 per cent of the S. aureus remained within the lungs
      after 4 hours. Although only 2.2 plus or minus 0.2 per cent of the P. mirabilis
      organisms were alive, 33.8 plus or minus 8.8 per cent of the staphylococci
      remained viable after this period. Light and electron micographs verified that
      polymorphonuclear leukocytes phagocytized these bacteria. The defense mechanisms
      of the lung against bloodborne and airborne bacterial infection are functionally,
      as well as morphologically, distinct.

PMID- 1096695
TI  - Learning pulmonary function interpretation: deductive versus inductive methods.
AB  - Volunteer undergraduate medical students were randomly divided into 2 groups. One
      group were given pulmonary function data and the correct diagnoses from 18
      patients. They were told to try to derive the rules by which the diagnoses were
      made. The other group were given the data from the same 18 patients, but were
      required to use a computer-assisted instructional program to arrive at the
      diagnoses in a deductive fashion. Both groups were pre- and post-tested. The
      deductive method provided higher post-test results. The inductive method took
      longer and produced more dropouts from the study.

PMID- 1096696
TI  - Treatment of shock lung.

PMID- 1096697
TI  - [Surgical malabsortion (author's transl)].
AB  - Two interesting aspects should be considered in intestinal malabsortion from the
      Surgical point of view. First, this sindrome may be caused by subobstructive
      lesions of the gut, which may be able of surgical correction. Second,
      malabsortion may follow certain operations performed in the gastrointestinal
      tract. Many of this problems are connected with alterations of the intestinal
      flora, and or a diminution in the obstructive intestinal surface. The clinical
      picture is not clear due to the pathological and surgical implications. The
      experience of the last 10 years is reviewed and conected with the following
      items, whem accompanied by not infectious diarrhea: a) Hiatus hernia and
      vaguectomy; b) Gastrointestinal by-pass; c) Intestinal atresia and stenosis; d)
      Small gut resections-Short bowel sindrome; e) Incompetence of the ileocecal
      valve.

PMID- 1096698
TI  - [Notice of the birth of 2 Siamese sisters (an unusual document of 1715)].

PMID- 1096699
TI  - Health hazards of bivalve-mollusk ingestion.
AB  - Bivalve mollusks (oysters, clans, and mussels) filter large quantities of water
      unselectively and thereby may concentrate a variety of aquatic contaminants
      pathogenic for man within edible shellfish viscera. The recognized bacterial
      disease associated with ingestion of contaminated bivalves include typhoid fever
      (not presently a public health problem), Vibrio parahemolyticus gastroenteritis,
      and Vibrio chloerae infection. The major known shellfish-associated viral
      diseases are viral hepatitis and possibly viral gastroenteritis. The ingestion of
      bivalves that have fed on the toxic species of dinoflagellates that produce red
      tides may be responsible for an uncommon and very rarely fatal illness, paralytic
      shellfish poisoning. Outbreaks of airborne respiratory irritation in populations
      exposed to red tides may be the most common public health problem associated with
      red tides. The health hazards resulting from industrial, agricultural, and oil
      pollution of bivalves in coastal waters and the hazard from improper handling of
      bacterially contaminated mollusks remain to be defined.

PMID- 1096700
TI  - Host responses to hepatitis B infection: hepatitis B surface antigen and host
      proteins.

PMID- 1096701
TI  - The monoclonal nature of lymphocytes in multiple myeloma. Effects of therapy.
AB  - Despite the increased amounts of serum immumoglobulins (Ig) in multiple myeloma,
      the percentage of bone marrow-dependent (B) cells carrying surface Ig in the
      peripheral blood compartment were decreased, when compared with that in control
      patients with polyclonal gammopathy or with that in normals (5 plus or minus 2%
      in patients with multiple myeloma and 19 plus or minus 5% or 22 plus or minus 7%
      in controls). Most circulating B cells in patients with multiple myeloma were
      shown to carry individually specific idiotypic Ig. The monoclonal idiotypic
      nature of the surface Ig was shown by using antiserums raised against the
      monoclonal Ig. The idiotypic antiserum was capable of actively binding to and
      stimulating the idiotypic lymphocytes to divide in vitro. Commercial anti-Ig
      antiserums raised against normal Ig did not bind to the myeloma lymphocytes.
      After chemotherapy, lymphocytes carrying the idiotypic Ig decreased in numbers,
      and this correlated with other variables of clinical improvements. Its role in
      the pathogenesis of myeloma and its importance for diagnosis and follow-up of
      patients with myeloma are discussed.

PMID- 1096702
TI  - The immunofluorescent "band" test in mixed connective tissue disease.
AB  - Skin biopsy specimens from normal subjects and patients with mixed connective
      tissue disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis were
      examined for the presence of a "band" of immunoglobulins and complement at the
      dermal-epidermal junction, using immunofluorescent techniques. A positive
      immunofluorescent band test was found in the clinically uninvolved skin in three
      of six patients with mixed connective tissue disease, five of six patients with
      systemic lupus erythematosus, and none of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis
      or normal subjects. Although a positive immunofluorescent band test in uninvolved
      skin has been considered to be fairly specific for the diagnosis of systemic
      lupus erythematosus, our results suggest that this test cannot be used to
      distinguish mixed connective tissue disease from systemic lupus erythematosus.

PMID- 1096703
TI  - Renal vein thrombosis and nephrotic syndrome. A prospective study of 36 adult
      patients.
AB  - During 2 years we studied 36 of 41 consecutive patients with nephrotic syndrome.
      Twelve (Group 1) had renal vein thrombosis; the renal pathology was membranous
      glomerulonephritis in 10 and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in 2.
      Eighteen without renal vein thrombosis (Group 2) had either membranous (10
      patients) or membranoproliferative (8 patients) glomerulonephritis. Clinical
      presentation, laboratory data, renal function, renal histology, and
      immunopathology were similar in both groups; thromboembolic phenomena were
      frequent. Ten of 12 patients with renal vein thrombosis were given oral
      anticoagulants and followed for 4 to 24 months. None died or had thromboembolic
      episodes. The results show that one third of the patients with nephrotic syndrome
      associated with either membranous or membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis had
      renal vein thrombosis, and there were no clinical, laboratory, histological, or
      immunopathological finding(s) diagnostic of renal vein thrombosis. Our data
      indicate that renal vein thrombosis is a frequent complication in nephrotic
      syndrome and membranous or membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1096704
TI  - Long-term therapy for chronic bacteriuria in men. U.S. Public Health Service
      cooperative study.
AB  - Response to therapy, renal function, and mortality were analyzed in a prospective
      study of 249 men with bacteriuria followed for up to 10 years. All patients
      received initial organism-specific antibiotic therapy followed by 2 years of
      continuous treatment with sulfamethizole, nitrofurantoin, methenamine mandelate,
      or placebo. Continuous therapy with active drugs delayed recurrence of
      bacteriuria and reduced acute clinical exacerbations of infection. Patients with
      pure Escherichia coli bacteriuria, normal intravenous pyelogram, no previous
      therapy, and a normal prostate had a good prognosis with short-term antibiotic
      therapy alone. The presence of prostatic or upper urinary tract calculi,
      pyelonephritic scars, or mixed or enterococcal infections predicted a poor
      bacteriologic prognosis. In the absence of severe urologic disease or concomitant
      noninfectious renal disease no patients with persistent bacteriuria developed
      renal failure. Continuous antibiotic therapy is of value in selected male
      patients with bacteriuria in reducing recurrence and acute clinical exacerbations
      of urinary tract infection.

PMID- 1096705
TI  - Cardiac response to repeated doses of isoproterenol aerosol.
AB  - We studied 18 patients with moderate to severe asthma for cardiac response to
      repeated doses of isoproterenol aerosol. In only 1 patient was there a
      significant increase in heart rate immediately after inhalation of isoproterenol
      aerosol, and it lasted only for 1 minute. In 2 patients increased heart rate was
      either due to breathholding or to the propellant in the aerosol. There was no
      cumulative effect on heart rate. Arrhythmias did not develop at any time despite
      repeated doses of aerosol every 5 to 20 minutes. Peak expiratory flow rate
      increased 5 minutes after the first dose, and it increased even further after
      repeated doses; at no time did it decrease after repeated doses.

PMID- 1096706
TI  - Letter: Propranolol effect on tremor in alcoholic withdrawal.

PMID- 1096707
TI  - Long-term therapy of urinary tract infections.

PMID- 1096708
TI  - Letter: Diagnostic smear of acid-fast bacilli.

PMID- 1096709
TI  - [Heterotropic homografts of the heart in rats. Antigen pretreatment. Antibody
      response and survival].

PMID- 1096710
TI  - Current policies in hepatic transplantation: candidacy of patients with alcoholic
      liver disease or preformed antidonor antibodies and a reappraisal of biliary duct
      reconstruction.

PMID- 1096711
TI  - Alcohol and the pancreas.

PMID- 1096712
TI  - Secretory and metabolic effects of alcohol on the pancreas.

PMID- 1096713
TI  - Hematologic effects of alcohol.

PMID- 1096714
TI  - Impaired defense mechanisms associated with acute alcoholism.

PMID- 1096715
TI  - Host factors causing increased susceptibility to infection in patients with
      Laennec's cirrhosis.

PMID- 1096716
TI  - Cirrhosis in the alcoholic and its relation to the volume of alcohol abuse.

PMID- 1096717
TI  - The form and arrangement of microtubules: an historical, primarily morphological,
      review.

PMID- 1096718
TI  - Microtubules as drug receptors: pharmacological properties of microtubule
      protein.

PMID- 1096719
TI  - Lens cell elongation in vitro and microtubules.

PMID- 1096720
TI  - Regulation of the in vivo mitotic apparatus by glycols and metabolic inhibitors.

PMID- 1096721
TI  - Spindle microtubules: thermodynamics of in vivo assembly and role in chromosome
      movement.
AB  - In this paper I have presented results of experiments in which spindle
      microtubules were depolymerized by hydrostatic pressure, in order to examine the
      Inoue dynamic equilibrium concept of spindle assembly and the possible role of
      microtubule depolymerization-polymerization in the movement of chromosomes. Using
      a newly developed optical hydrostatic pressure chamber, I investigated with
      polarization microscopy the quantitative effects of pressure on the
      polymerization of spindle microtubules and, with phase contrast microscopy, the
      relationship of pressure-induced spindle microtubule depolymerization to
      chromosome movement in living cells. From results of earlier experiments,
      principally those of Inoue et al. with low temperature and colchicine as
      microtubule-depolymerizing agents, and from results of my own research, I have
      concluded that: (1) spindle fiber microtubules are sensitive to depolymerization
      by pressure (3000-7000 psi), spindle microtubules do exist in a labile
      equilibrium with a pool of subunits, and the Inoue simple equilibrium model does
      predict changes in spindle microtubule assembly at metaphase induced by pressure;
      (2) the stability of microtubules depends on the number of "attached ends;" (3)
      the longest interpolar microtubules and the longest chromosomal fiber
      microtubules regulate the spindle interpolar length and the chromosome-to-pole
      positions; (4) chromosome velocity is independent of the number of spindle
      microtubules, as well as of the drag force of the chromosomes; (5) the
      chromosomal fiber microtubules transmit the forces between the poles and between
      the chromosomes and the poles; and (6) polymerization of microtubules does
      produce pushing forces and, if controlled microtubule depolymerization does not
      actually produce pulling forces, at least it governs the velocity of chromosome
      to-pole movement.

PMID- 1096722
TI  - Modulation of lymphocyte receptor mobility by concanavalin A and colchicine.

PMID- 1096723
TI  - Tubulin nucleotide reactions and their role in microtubule assembly and
      dissociation.

PMID- 1096724
TI  - The structure and assembly of microtubules.

PMID- 1096725
TI  - Role of microtubules in the phasic pattern of insulin release.

PMID- 1096726
TI  - Microtubules and the adrenal medulla.

PMID- 1096727
TI  - Microtubule research in perspective.

PMID- 1096728
TI  - Microtubules and the movement of melanin granules in frog dermal melanocytes.

PMID- 1096729
TI  - Evidence for involvement of microtubules in the action of vasopressin.

PMID- 1096730
TI  - Microtubules and the mobilization of lysosomes in phagocytizing human leukocytes.

PMID- 1096731
TI  - Microtubules and thyroid hormone mobilization.

PMID- 1096732
TI  - Prof. Wallace Foulds on tour.

PMID- 1096733
TI  - Photokeratoscopy in the fitting of soft contact lenses.
AB  - Our ultimate goal is to develop a photokeratoscopic system that will enable the
      fitter to select an initial lens of the proper design and power to fit a given
      eye and with reasonable assurance that further fitting will rarely be required.
      Our studies in this direction have carried us through to a prefitting screening
      system for the Bausch and Lomb Soflens that greatly increases the probability of
      successful fitting (and which demonstrates the importance of corneal shape in the
      successful fit of this lens) to a highly promising experimental system that is
      applicable to larger lenses with spherical base curves. The development of this
      computer-assisted fitting system is highly desirable. It will make the fitting a
      much simpler and efficient process with much less trauma to the eye and a marked
      reduction in the risk of accidental infection than with trial lens fitting. But,
      a second desirable effect that is not readily apparent is the use of the computer
      to drive fabrication equipment to manufacture lenses on a custom-fit basis to
      obtain the maximum in physiological tolerance that these lenses are capable of
      delivering. In either case, the patient is the ultimate beneficiary and that
      should always be our major goal.

PMID- 1096734
TI  - A revised Fasanella-Servat ptosis operation.
AB  - The Fasanella-Servat operation for ptosis has had several modifications of suture
      placement. The present method utilized 5-0 nylon which traverses the cut edges as
      a running mattress suture. The ends of the suture are fixed on the skin surface
      with rubber bolsters. The suture is removed in 10 days. The advantages are: (1)
      no suture knots on the corneal surface; (2) ease of placement; (3) minimal tissue
      reaction; (4) the suture is removed; and (5) ease of suture removal.

PMID- 1096735
TI  - Candida endophthalmitis: report of an unusual case with isolation of the
      etiologic agent by vitreous biopsy.

PMID- 1096736
TI  - Levator tuck: a simplified blepharoptosis procedure.
AB  - A simplified technique for tucking the levator palpebrae superioris aponeurosis
      and muscle in the correction of blepharoptosis is described. The anterior (skin)
      approach is used and no special instruments are required. The advantages of this
      procedure are discussed, including preservation of the normal anatomy as much as
      possible, minimum dissection and minimum edema. A preliminary number of cases are
      reported. It is believed that this technique is useful in cases of acquired
      blepharoptosis and in congenital blepharoptosis with good levator function.

PMID- 1096738
TI  - [List of members of the Academie De Pharmacie as of January 1, 1975].

PMID- 1096737
TI  - Editorial: Slow viruses: new concern for ophthalmologists.

PMID- 1096739
TI  - [Pharmacological interest of antiproteases].

PMID- 1096740
TI  - Choledochal cysts. A review of the cystic anomalies of the biliary tree.
AB  - Congenital cysts of the biliary tree, although uncommon, are being reported in
      increasing numbers. The widely accepted classification would seem to warrant
      modification in the light of recent observations. The clinical spectrum of the
      condition is reviewed, together with the surgical approach to treatment and its
      indications and complications.

PMID- 1096741
TI  - Letters from the past. From John Hunter to Edward Jenner.

PMID- 1096742
TI  - Letters from the past. From John Hunter to William Jenner.

PMID- 1096743
TI  - Sir Zachary Cope.

PMID- 1096744
TI  - Anesthesia in the Yom Kippur war.
AB  - The role of the anesthetist in the treatment of battle casualties is discussed in
      the light of personal experience in a field hospital and in the rear during the
      Yom Kippur War of October 1973. Resuscitation and intensive care both before and
      after evacuation play an important part in reducing mortality, and the importance
      of providing adequate facilities for these functions in the battle area as well
      as at the base is emphasized.

PMID- 1096745
TI  - Letters from the past. From John Hunter to Edward Jenner.

PMID- 1096746
TI  - [The osteogenetic capacity of the bone marrow. Review of the literature.
      Therapeutical deductions - 5 clinical trials (author's transl)].

PMID- 1096748
TI  - [Tachycardias in the acute stage of myocardial infarct. Preventive use of
      bretylium tosylate].

PMID- 1096747
TI  - [Rsearch into the inhibitory effect of dipyridamole on the adhesion and clumping
      of blood platelets "in vitro" and "in vivo"].

PMID- 1096749
TI  - [Study of the action of fenalcomine chlorhydrate using ergometric tests].

PMID- 1096751
TI  - Sudden death and the pre-hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1096750
TI  - [Lymphocyte culture. Methods and clinical application].

PMID- 1096752
TI  - Dental caries.

PMID- 1096753
TI  - Ketamine anesthesia.

PMID- 1096754
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of digitalis glycosides.

PMID- 1096755
TI  - Calcium oxalate renal stones.

PMID- 1096756
TI  - Alterations in T- and B-cells in human disease states.

PMID- 1096757
TI  - Scanning techniques to assess thyroid nodules.
AB  - Despite its nonspecificity, the thyroid scan remains an important diagnostic aid
      in the evaluation of the patient with a solitary thyroid nodule. Dual
      radionuclide thyroid imaging using 99m-Tc pertechnetate and 123-I offers useful
      information than either alone. The role of complementary diagnostic modalities
      using ultransonography and thermography looks promising but is as yet unclear.

PMID- 1096758
TI  - X-linkage in manic-depressive illness.

PMID- 1096759
TI  - Mechanisms of supraventricular tachycardias.

PMID- 1096760
TI  - Selective distal splenorenal shunt for bleeding esophageal varices.
AB  - The selective distal splenorenal shunt has been shown to be equally as effective
      as total portal-systemic shunting procedures in the control of variceal
      hemorrhage and it can now be performed with an equivalent operative mortality. It
      is superior to other shunts in metabolic aspects and results in a markedly
      decreased incidence of postoperative hepatic encephalopathy. Massive ascites
      constitutes a definite contraindication to the selective distal splenorenal
      anastomosis, but for all other suitable patients this procedure appears to be the
      optimal method of surgical management at this time.

PMID- 1096761
TI  - Treatment of testicular cancer.

PMID- 1096762
TI  - Muscle amino acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis.

PMID- 1096764
TI  - Unusual etiologies of fever and their evaluation.

PMID- 1096763
TI  - Low renin hypertension.
AB  - Low renin hypertension comprises a spectrum of disorders ranging from primary
      aldosteronism to obvious disorders of other mineralocorticoids, as well as a
      variety of miscellaneous disorders. The largest group of patients with low renin
      hypertension have no clear abnormality in mineralocorticoid production. However,
      many lines of evidence suggest the critical role of volume excess in the
      pathogenesis of hypertension in these patients. More detailed physiological
      studies must be performed in order to totally understand the spectrum of
      pathophysiology in low renin hypertension. However, while such studies are in
      progress the evidence from the literature suggests that these patients must be
      treated and that in most of these patients diuretic administration, either
      spironolactone or the thiazide group of diuretics, is usually effective in
      achieving a reduction of blood pressure to normal.

PMID- 1096765
TI  - Cellular kinetics staging, and immunoglobulin synthesis in multiple myeloma.

PMID- 1096766
TI  - Granulocyte transfusion therapy.

PMID- 1096767
TI  - Acute renal failure (vasomotor nephropathy): micropuncture studies of the
      pathogenetic mechanisms.

PMID- 1096768
TI  - The steal syndromes.
AB  - Blood can be stolen from almost any vascular bed and redistributed. The external
      carotid artery can steal from cerebral structures when occlusion of the common
      carotid artery proximal to the bifurcation causes reversal of flow through the
      internal carotid artery (13, 45, 46). The external carotid artery has also been
      shown to steal blood flow from the vertebral artery distribution (13, 74). Double
      steals involving both the subclavian and external carotid arteries are seen in 1
      to 2% of patients (13, 46). There is also the "triple steal syndrome" wherein
      both subclavian arteries and one external carotid artery are involved (14).

PMID- 1096769
TI  - Von Willebrand's disease.
AB  - The common inheritable hemorrhagic disorder, von Willebrand's disease, has been
      known for only about 50 yr. During these years it has been well established that
      the cause of the disease is a deficiency of a plasma protein with remarkable
      biological properties. Future research should focus on details of the molecular
      structure of this protein. It is hoped that basic science will help to elucidate
      those aspects of von Willebrand's disease that are not yet properly understood.

PMID- 1096770
TI  - The autinglobulin test in autoimmune hemolytic anemia.
AB  - The foregoing summarizes what can be learned from a carefully performed
      antiglobulin test using specific antisera. Clinical syndromes can be more easily
      considered, and mechanisms of destruction can be more certainly discerned.

PMID- 1096771
TI  - Immunotherapy (desensitization) in allergic disease.

PMID- 1096772
TI  - Thalassemia.

PMID- 1096773
TI  - Active form of the thyroid hormone.

PMID- 1096774
TI  - The minimal brain dysfunction syndrome.

PMID- 1096775
TI  - A definition of cerebral death.

PMID- 1096776
TI  - Pathophysiology of heart block.

PMID- 1096777
TI  - Urinary tract symptoms and infections.

PMID- 1096778
TI  - Analgesic abuse and renal disease.

PMID- 1096779
TI  - Biochemical aspects of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1096780
TI  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

PMID- 1096781
TI  - Diagnosis and prevention of postoperative deep-vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1096782
TI  - Tardive dyskinesia.

PMID- 1096783
TI  - Metabolic response to infection.
AB  - A generalized infectious process leads to a broad and complex array of metabolic
      responses within the host. Certain of these responses have a direct causal
      relationship to the interactions of body cells with invading  microorganisms or
      their products, or to specific host defensive mechanisms. Other host metabolic
      responses have less clearly defined roles although they involve many tissues and
      seem to be initiated and regulated by certain hormones-like endogenous mediators.
      These latter responses contribute to the maintenance of body homeostasis, the
      provision of metabolizable energy to meet increased body needs, and the synthesis
      of the acute phase reactant serum proteins.

PMID- 1096784
TI  - Regulation of albumin metabolism.

PMID- 1096785
TI  - How I became a pharmacologist.

PMID- 1096786
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of drug disposition: hemodynamic considerations.

PMID- 1096787
TI  - Antiarrhythmic drugs: electrophysiological and pharmacokinetic considerations.

PMID- 1096788
TI  - Enhancement of host defense mechanisms by pharmacological agents.

PMID- 1096789
TI  - Effects of drugs on uric acid in man.
AB  - In this review the drugs capable of increasing or lowering the serum urate
      concentration are considered with regard to mechanism of action and significance
      of the effect, where known.  Several hypouricemic agents, probenecid,
      sulfinpyrazone, and allopurinol, are considered in further detail because of
      their major clinical importance.  No effort has been made, however, to summarize
      the relative clinical indications for each agent.  In addition, in those cases
      where specific details could not be included because of limitation of space, the
      appropiate reference has been given.

PMID- 1096790
TI  - Antidiabetic drugs after the University Group Diabetes Program (UGDP).

PMID- 1096791
TI  - Oral contraceptives: relations to mammary cancer, benign breast lesions, and
      cervical cancer.
AB  - The results of experimental studies on the relationship of estrogens and oral
      contraceptives to mammary lesions demonstrate that the type of response obtained
      depends largely on the species and strain of animal that is employed. A variety
      of clinical studies has failed to demonstrate that estrogen can cause mammary
      cancer, this lack of effort correlates with the results obtained in various
      studies in animals. Similar relationships exist for oral contraceptives, and the
      clinical data show good agreement in demonstrating that the contraceptive
      steroids do not have a tumorigenic effect on the human mammary gland.  Estrogen
      can increase the occurrence of cervical cancer in certain strains of mice, but
      apparently this effect is not observed in other species of animals, including
      man.  The preponderance of data shows that oral contraceptives do not adversely
      affect the occurence of abnormal Papanicolaou smears, cervical dysplasia,
      cervical cancer in situ, or invasive cervical cancer.

PMID- 1096792
TI  - Genetic toxicology.

PMID- 1096793
TI  - The effect of carbon monoxide on humans.

PMID- 1096794
TI  - History and highlights of Spanish pharmacology.

PMID- 1096795
TI  - Mycotoxins.

PMID- 1096796
TI  - Review of reviews.

PMID- 1096797
TI  - Clinical relevance of drugs affecting tryptophan transport.

PMID- 1096798
TI  - The cholinergic receptor protein in its membrane environment.

PMID- 1096799
TI  - Antibiotic resistance patterns of clinical isolates of Serratia marcescens.
AB  - Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 102 clinical isolates of Serratia
      marcescens from three medical centers were studied by using disk sensitivity and
      agar dilution methods. The least resistance was demonstrated against gentamicin,
      nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol, and sulfisoxazole, all of which inhibited more
      than 80% of the strains. Cephalothin was completely ineffective, and more than
      90% of strains were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline. As demonstrated by
      the agar dilution method, the minimal inhibitory concentration of nalidixic acid,
      gentamicin, tobramycin, and chloramphenicol for most strains fell within
      therapeutically attainable concentrations. The prevalence of resistance to
      ampicillin, cephalothin, and tetracycline was nearly the same at all three
      medical centers, whereas there appeared to be patterns characteristic for each
      center with regard to the other drugs used. Eleven of the isolates produced
      pigment and exhibited patterns similar but not identical to those of the
      nonpigmented strains, all 11 being resistant to between three and six drugs. Half
      of the strains were resistant to five or more antibiotics, indicating that some
      Serratia exhibit resistance to an unusually broad range of therapeutic agents.

PMID- 1096800
TI  - Comparative efficacy of cephalexin and ampicillin for shigellosis and other types
      of acute diarrhea in infants and children.
AB  - Most ampicillin-resistant Shigella are susceptible to cephalexin. Randomized
      treatment with cephalexin or ampicillin was given to 154 infants and children
      with acute diarrhea. Rectal swab cultures revealed Shigella in 42%, Salmonella in
      6%, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in 2%, and no pathogen in 50%. Cephalexin
      failed to eradicate Shigella after 5 days of treatment in 76% of patients as
      contrasted with 28% of ampicillin-treated patients with susceptible organisms.
      Shigella persisted in 78% of ampicillin-treated patients with resistant
      organisms. Diarrhea lasted more than 5 days in 43% of cephalexin-treated
      patients, in 56% of the ampicillin group with resistant organisms, but in only 9%
      of ampicillin-treated patients with susceptible organisms. The failure of
      cephalexin was due to the relatively high minimal inhibitory concentrations and
      minimal bacterial concentrations of 5 or 10 mug/ml and, although serum
      concentrations were twice the minimal bacterial concentration, they were not
      sufficient to demonstrate killing by the serum dilution method. In vitro
      susceptibility or resistance of Shigella to ampicillin correlated with clinical
      success or failure. Cephalexin is not a suitable drug for treatment of
      shigellosis in patients with ampicillin-resistant organisms.

PMID- 1096801
TI  - Rapid, simple bioassay for 5-fluorocytosine in the presence of amphotericin B.
AB  - It is important that serum levels of 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) be measured to insure
      therapeutic levels while avoiding toxicity. This is particularly true in patients
      with renal insufficiency. The concurrent use of amphotericin B and 5FC
      complicates the measurement of 5FC in the serum, since fungi used in conventional
      bioassay systems are uniformly susceptible to amphotericin B. This paper
      describes the development of a simple, reliable, 6-h bioassay for 5FC in the
      presence of amphotericin B. The assay is based upon the fact that 5FC diffuses
      readily through yeast nitrogen base agar, whereas amphotericin B apparently does
      not. This assay allows rapid adjustments in therapy of patients receiving both
      5FC and amphotericin B and has permitted us to maintain 5FC serum levels between
      limits of 25 and 120 mug/ml in patients with altered renal function.

PMID- 1096802
TI  - Inhibition by levorphanol and related drugs of amino acid transport by isolated
      membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Levorphanol inhibits the transport of the amino acids proline and lysine by
      cytoplasmic membrane vesicles derived from Escherichia coli. The degree of
      inhibition increases with increasing levorphanol concentration and ranges from
      26% at 10(-6) M levorphanol to 92% at 10(-3) M levorphanol. The effect is
      independent of the energy source, since levorphanol inhibits proline uptake to
      the same extent in the presence of 20 mM d-lactate or 20 mM succinate and in the
      absence of an exogenous energy source. Levorphanol does not irreversibly alter
      the ability of membrane vesicles to transport proline, since incubation of
      membrane vesicles for 15 min in the presence of 0.25 mM levorphanol, a
      concentration which inhibits proline transport by more than 75%, has no effect on
      the rate of proline transport by these vesicles once the drug is removed. Both
      the maximum velocity and the K(m) of proline transport are modified by
      levorphanol, hence, the type of inhibition produced by levorphanol is mixed. The
      inhibitor constant (K(i)) for levorphanol inhibition of proline transport is
      approximately 3 x 10(-4) M. Membrane vesicles incubated in the presence of
      levorphanol accumulate much less proline at the steady state than do control
      vesicles. Furthermore, the addition of levorphanol to membrane vesicles preloaded
      to the steady state with proline produces a marked net efflux of proline.
      Levorphanol does not block either temperature-induced efflux or exchange of
      external proline with [(14)C]proline present in the intravesicular pool.
      Dextrorphan, the enantiomorph of levorphanol, and levallorphan, the N-allyl
      analogue of levorphanol, inhibit proline and lysine transport in a similar
      manner. Possible mechanisms of the effects of these drugs on cell membranes are
      discussed.

PMID- 1096803
TI  - Inactivation of Treponema pallidum by silver sulfadiazine.
AB  - Silver sulfadiazine, an anti-infectious agent for the prevention and treatment of
      burn sepsis, has been found to possess antitreponemal activity against Treponema
      pallidum. At 28 C, complete inactivation of the organism was produced by exposure
      of the organism to a concentration of 50 mug of the drug per ml for 1 to 5 min,
      12 to 25 mug/ml for 10 to 15 min, and 6.2 mug/ml for 30 min. At 37 C, the amounts
      of silver sulfadiazine required for inactivation were two- to fourfold less.

PMID- 1096804
TI  - Effect of protein concentration and binding on antibiotic assays.
AB  - ASSAY CURVES, USING A DISK DIFFUSION METHOD FOR THE ANTIBIOTICS GENTAMICIN AND
      CEFAZOLIN, WERE PREPARED WITH: saline, saline plus 10% serum, and ascitic,
      synovial, cerebrospinal, and pleural fluids. The curves were compared with a
      standard curve prepared with pooled human serum. The pH, total protein, glucose,
      blood urea nitrogen, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, chloride, CO(2)
      content, uric acid, cholesterol, bilirubin, serum glutamic oxalacetic
      transaminase, CPK, LDH, and alkaline phosphatase were determined and compared for
      all fluids. Measurements for cefazolin levels were falsely elevated in those
      fluids with low protein content when serum was used as a reference standard.
      There was a linear inverse relationship between the protein content of the fluids
      and the cefazolin level with serum as the standard for the assay of this highly
      protein-bound antibiotic. No discrepancies were observed in the assay curves for
      gentamicin, an antibiotic known not to be bound by serum proteins.

PMID- 1096805
TI  - Recovery of polysome function of T4-infected Escherichia coli after brief
      treatment with chloramphenicol and rifampin.
AB  - T4-infected Escherichia coli cells briefly exposed to rifampin, or to rifampin
      plus chloramphenicol, were capable of protein synthesis for some time after
      removal of the antibiotics, although ribonucleic acid synthesis was irreversibly
      inhibited. Partially completed peptides trapped on polysomes by high levels of
      chloramphenicol were eventually completed after removal of the drug, as
      demonstrated by subjecting labeled peptides from appropriate polysome regions to
      polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. Thus, the effect of the drug appears to
      be reversible on the molecular as well as the cellular level.

PMID- 1096806
TI  - Stimulation of enzyme synthesis by sublethal concentrations of chloramphenicol is
      not mediated by ribonucleotide pools.
AB  - Growth of Salmonella typhimurium LT-2 strain pyrA81 in minimal medium containing
      0.8 mug of chloramphenicol (CAP) per ml resulted in a 50 to 100% increase in the
      steady-state nucleotide pools in the cells. When such a culture was starved for
      uracil, the pyrimidine nucleotide pools decayed much more slowly in CAP-treated
      cells than in controls. An attempt was made to determine whether this effect of
      CAP on nucleotide pools could account for enhanced enzyme derepression observed
      under the same conditions (8). Treatment with low levels of puromycin also
      resulted in elevation of nucleotide pools but did not lead to enhanced enzyme
      synthesis. CAP treatment during arginine starvation has been shown to enhance
      enzyme synthesis, but nucleotide pools were not significantly affected by CAP nor
      was the stringent response relieved under these conditions. Thus, the effects of
      CAP on enzyme synthesis cannot be the result of effects of the antibiotic on
      nucleotide pools in all cases. The elevation of nucleotide pools was shown not to
      be due to enhanced conversion of exogeneous uracil into nucleotides, but to
      result from the enhanced turnover of ribonucleic acid in CAP-treated cells.

PMID- 1096807
TI  - Effect of tetracycline on puromycin-induced polysome degradation: influence of
      magnesium and polyamines.
AB  - Puromycin-induced polysome degradation has been shown to require G factor,
      guanosine 5'-triphosphate, and the presence of a ribosome release factor
      (Hirashima and Kaji, 1972, 1973). Tetracycline, which does not inhibit formation
      of peptidyl-puromycin (Gottesman, 1967; Sarkar and Thach, 1968) nor the guanosine
      5'-triphosphate hydrolysis mediated by elongation factor Tu (Ono et al., 1969),
      inhibits polysome degradation. The tetracycline inhibition requires Mg(2+) at
      concentrations above 8 mM, which are inhibitory to protein synthesis in vitro. At
      concentrations of Mg(2+) below 8 mM, polysome degradation is insensitive to
      tetracycline, but not to fusidic acid. Addition of spermidine, but not of other
      polyamines, enables the tetracycline inhibition to occur at concentrations of
      Mg(2+) as low as 2 mM. The inhibition by tetracycline and by fusidic acid
      suggests that ribosome movement may be essential for the function of ribosome
      release factor, or that these antibiotics may directly affect its action.

PMID- 1096808
TI  - Incorporation of L-2,5-dihydrophenylalanine into cell proteins of Escherichia
      coli and sarcoma 180.
AB  - l-2,5-Dihydrophenylalanine is extensively incorporated as a phenylalanine
      analogue into cell proteins. Phenylalanine-requiring Escherichia coli ATCC 9723f
      and sarcoma 180 grow at normal rates initially with the analogue and maximally
      replace 65 and 33%, respectively, of phenylalanine in the peptide residues of
      their cell protein without death. With the analogue alone growth of E. coli
      becomes non-steady-state and asymptotically inhibited. In mixtures of the
      analogue and phenylalanine, growth eventually becomes steady state or
      logarithmic. The logarithmic rate is inversely proportional to the extent of
      incorporation of this analogue or of p-fluorophenylalanine, and the projected
      maximal replacement is the same as that obtained asymptotically with the analogue
      alone. Thus, the toxicities in steady-state and non-steady-state growth are
      closely related. Moreover, it is proposed that single salient protein defects may
      determine the extent of growth rate reduction.

PMID- 1096809
TI  - Empiric therapy for cancer patients: comparative study of ticarcillin-tobramycin,
      ticarcillin-cephalothin, and cephalothin-tobramycin.
AB  - Three combinations of antibiotics (cephalothin-tobramycin, cephalothin
      ticarcillin, and ticarcillin-tobramycin) were administered empirically to 186
      patients with cancer who were suspected of having a life-threatening infection.
      In approximately one-half of these patients, gram-negative infection was
      documented bacteriologically and consisted of septicemia in 50% of these
      patients. The three antimicrobial regimens were similarly effective and resulted
      in a favorable clinical response in approximately 55% of the patients. The
      administration of the cephalothin-tobramycin combination was associated with a
      significantly higher frequency of nephrotoxicity than that of the other two
      regimens.

PMID- 1096810
TI  - Treatment of anaerobic infections with metronidazole.
AB  - The results of treatment of 10 patients with anaerobic infections with
      metronidazole are presented. Six patients were cured, three showed initial good
      response but circumstances required a change to another drug, and one patient did
      not respond. The unique spectrum of the drug, its pharmacology, and limitations
      are discussed. The results indicate that further clinical trials to determine the
      efficacy of metronidazole in the treatment of anerobic infections are indicated.

PMID- 1096811
TI  - Antibacterial activity of cinoxacin in vitro.
AB  - Cinoxacin is a new synthetic compound similar chemically and in antimicrobial
      activity to oxolonic acid and nalidixic acid. It is most effective against
      Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, but at concentrations expected in the
      urine it is inhibitory for all species of Enterobacteriaceae. Relative to
      nalidixic acid, cinoxacin has slightly greater inhibitory and bactericidal
      activity, less inoculum effect probably due to less heterogeneity in the
      susceptibility of bacterial cells, and less inhibition by high concentrations of
      serum protein. Both drugs are more active in an acid than an alkaline medium.
      Glucose can specifically antagonize the inhibitory effect against P. mirabilis.
      In urine the bactericidal rate and effect are decreased. Resistance to cinoxacin
      can be developed quickly by serial transfers in vitro. Some nonresistant
      organisms remained viable in bactericidal drug concentrations. The in vivo
      importance of the favorable features of cinoxacin must be determined by clinical
      trials.

PMID- 1096812
TI  - Scanning electron microscopy of Candida albicans after in vitro treatment with
      miconazole.
AB  - A study was made on the in vitro action of the antimycotic miconazole on Candida
      albicans yeast cells with scanning electron microscopy, and the effects were
      compared with those seen on the yeast cells by means of transmission electron
      microscopy. It was found that cells exposed to fungistatic and minimal fungicidal
      doses of miconazole (10(-7) M and 10(-6) M) presented rough surfaces and had
      multiple, desoriented buds and bud scars. Whereas in control cultures the cells
      were well separated, the treated ones formed small clusters of interconnected
      cells. After exposure to a fungicidal concentration (10(-4) M) of the drug, most
      of the remaining cells showed smooth surfaces and were covered with numerous
      vesicular structures probably representing cytoplasmic remnants derived from
      broken cells. This has been substantiated by the presence of abundant fragments
      of cell walls and confirmed by examination of similarly treated cultures in the
      transmission electron microscope. Moreover, the cells with an apparently intact
      surface when examined with scanning electron microscopy were shown with
      transmission electron microscopical examination to be completely necrotic inside.

PMID- 1096813
TI  - PSRO coordinator describes concurrent review.

PMID- 1096814
TI  - Pfizer selective enterococcus agar overlay method for the enumeration of fecal
      streptococci by membrane filtration.
AB  - The use of Pfizer selective enterococcus (PSE) agar with the membrane filter
      technique for the enumeration of fecal streptococci is limited due to the
      inability of the characteristic black precipitate, indicative of esculin
      hydrolysis, to diffuse from the medium through the membrane. A modification of
      the membrane filter technique that consisted of placing the membrane on PSE agar
      and overlaying it with tempered PSE agar was evaluated by comparing recovery,
      selectivity, and other parameters with M-enterococcus and KF-streptococcus agars,
      two selective media routinely used with the membrane filter technique for the
      enumeration of fecal streptococci in water and wastewater. No statistically
      significant differences could be demonstrated in the recovery capabilities of the
      three media. Inasmuch as the PSE overlay technique requires only 24 h of
      incubation as opposed to 48 h for the other two media, this modification may have
      some merit in water pollution monitoring programs.

PMID- 1096815
TI  - Occurrence of Klebisiella pneumoniae in surface waters.
AB  - The occurrence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in surface waters was not found to be
      ubiquitous. When it was isolated, Escherichia coli could also be found. The fecal
      coliform to fecal streptococci ratio suggest that its origin could be human,
      animal, or mixed sources.

PMID- 1096816
TI  - Inhibition of microbial growth by fatty amine catalysts from polyurethane foam
      test tube plugs.
AB  - When polyurethane foam test tube plugs are autoclaved, they release volatile
      fatty amines that inhibit the growth of some microorganisms. The chemical
      structures of these amines were determined by the use of a gas chromatograph-mass
      spectrometer. They are catalysts used to produce the foam. The problem of
      contaminating growth media with toxic substances released from polymeric
      materials is discussed.

PMID- 1096817
TI  - Isolation and characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from Cape Cod soft
      shell clams (Mya arenaria).
AB  - Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated from soft-shell clams (Mya arenaria) taken
      from 10 different clamming areas on Cape Cod, Mass., during July and August 1972.
      Direct plating on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar was found to be
      superior to either direct plating on Vanderzant modified salt starch agar or
      enrichment with Trypticase soy broth containing 7% salt for isolation from clam
      samples. Morphological and biochemical characteristics of 33 isolates from 30
      samples generally conform to those described for this organism in the literature,
      except for the production of acid from sucrose, lactose, and sorbitol. Six of the
      isolates were hemolytic on human blood agar plates, whereas all showed a negative
      Kanagawa phenomenon. Twenty of the 33 isolates reacted with pooled antisera to
      the K antigen; 15 of these reacted with 9 different specific K antisera, leaving
      5 untypable. Ten of these 15 reacted with 4 different O antisera.

PMID- 1096818
TI  - Qualitative and quantitative assay of trichothecin: a mycotoxin produced by
      Trichothecium roseum.
AB  - A method for quantitative determination of trichothecin in crude culture
      filtrates was presented. The method utilized an agar diffusion bioassay against
      Candida albicans, a colorimetric test involving a halochromatic reaction with
      sulfuric acid, and subsequent formation of blue color with methanol, and thin
      layer chromatography of trichothecin and its dinitrophenylhydrazine derivative. A
      positive result in all three systems confirmed the presence of trichothecin.
      Quantitative results were generally in close agreement.

PMID- 1096819
TI  - Effect of dichlorodifluoromethane on the appearance, viability, and integrity of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Cultures of Escherichia coli H52 were treated with liquid dichlorodifluoromethane
      (fluorocarbon-12 [f-12]) for 2 h at 22 C and then examined microscopically.
      Treated cells tended to clump, and their cytoplasms were generally less dense and
      less uniform in appearance than those of control cells. E. coli ML30 was exposed
      to f-12 at a concentration of 1.25 X saturation for times up to 1,200 min at 22
      C. Cells were examined for changes in viability (plate count), permeability (as
      measured by exit of alpha-[14-C]methylglucoside or uptake of omicron-nitrophenyl
      beta-D-galactopyranoside), release of compounds absorbing at 260 nm, and lysis
      (changes in absorbance at 420 nm). Large losses of alpha-methylglucoside and of
      percentage of viability occurred after brief exposure to f-12. Release of
      compounds absorbing at 260 nm occurred more slowly than the aforementioned
      events, possibly because these molecules are larger than alpha-methylglucoside.
      During 1,200-min exposure to f-12, the number of survivors decreased from 10-9 to
      10-4 organisms/ml, the loss of compounds absorbing at 260 nm amounted to 50
      percent, and 32 percent lysis occurred. Most of these changes occurred during the
      first 300 min of treatment. Loss of alpha-methylglucoside was almost complete
      after 1-min exposure to f-12. These results suggest that death of the cell
      involves several stages, with a change of permeability, occurring first, followed
      by leakage of compounds of increasing size and, finally, lysis.

PMID- 1096820
TI  - Sequential growth of bacteria on crude oil.
AB  - By modification of the enrichment culture procedure three bacterial strains
      capable of degrading crude oil in sea water were isolated in pure culture, UP-2,
      UP-3, and UP-4. Strain UP-2 appears to be highly specialized for growth on crude
      oil in sea water since it showed strong preference for oil or oil degradation
      products as substrates for growth, converted 66% of the oil into a form no longer
      extractable by organic solvents, quantitatively degraded the paraffinic fraction
      (gas chromatographic analysis), emulsified the oil during exponential growth, and
      produced 1.6 x 10-8 cells per mg of oil. After exhaustive growth of UP-2 on crude
      oil the residual oil supported the growth of UP-3 and UP-4, but not a previously
      isolated oil-degrading bacterium, RAG-1. Strains UP-2, UP-3, and UP-4 grew on RAG
      1-degraded oil (specifically depleted of n-alkanes). The growth of UP-3 and UP-4
      on UP-2 and RAG-1-degraded oil resulted in the production of new paraffinic
      compounds as revealed by gas chromatography. When the four strains were grown
      either together in a mixed culture or sequentially, there was over 75% oil
      conversion. By plating on selective media, growth of the individual strains was
      measured kinetically in the reconstituted mixed culture, revealing competition
      for common growth substances (UP-2 and RAG-1), emhanced die-off (UP-2), and
      stabilization (UP-4) during the stationary phase.

PMID- 1096821
TI  - Production of cellulose microfibrils by Rhizobium.
AB  - Electron microscope examination of Rhizobium spp. revealed microfibrils produced
      by flocculating strains but not by nonflocculating strains. The microfibrils from
      R. trifolii (NA30) were isolated and identified as cellulose by enzymatic, X-ray
      diffraction, and infrared spectral analyses. Both infective and noninfective
      strains of R. trifolii flocculated and produced microfibrils. More infection
      threads were observed in clover root hairs growing in the presence of flocs in
      comparison with root hairs where single bacterial cells predominated.

PMID- 1096822
TI  - Fluorescent-antibody study of natural finger-like zoogloeae.
AB  - Fluorescent-antibody techniques using Zoogloea ramigera 106 antiserum were used
      to study fresh activated sludge flocs and finger-like zoogloeae in the microbial
      film that developed over stored samples of activated sludge. Few cells in fresh
      activated sludge reacted positively with the fluorescein-labeled antiserum.
      Finger-like zoogloeae containing reactive cells were readily observed in the
      microbial film layer over stored activated sludge. Certain of the naturel finger
      like projections were entirely composed of cells that reacted positively to the
      labeled Z. ramigera 106 antiserum, whereas other projections were devoid of
      reactive cells.

PMID- 1096823
TI  - Effect of aflatoxin on phagocytosis of Aspergillus fumigatus spores by rabbit
      alveolar macrophages.
AB  - Rabbits were given dialy doses of aflatoxin B1 equivalents of 0.03, 0.05, 0.07,
      and 0.09 mg for a 2-week period. Macrophages were harvested at the end of the
      experimental period, and in vitro phagocytosis experiments were conducted using
      Aspergillus fumigatus spores as ingestion particles. Alveolar macrophages from
      rabbits given the above doses of aflatoxin had reduced phagocytic activity when
      compared with macrophages from control rabbits. Incorporation of serum from the
      aflatoxin-treated rabbits in the in vitro culture system resulted in less
      stimulation of phagocytosis by macrophages from control rabbits when compared
      with the same system incorporating control serum. Stimulation of phagocytosis by
      macrophages was least when both serum and macrophages from aflatoxin-treated
      rabbits were used in the in vitro system.

PMID- 1096824
TI  - Microbiological characteristics of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister).
AB  - Aerobic, heterotropic microorganisms of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) were
      isolated from raw crab, cooked crab, crab meats obtained during commercial
      processing, and from retail crab meat samples. Each microbial isolate was then
      identified to the genus level employing the revised replica plating procedure.
      Microbial groups most commonly isolated from crab meat were, in the order of
      predominance, Moraxella, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Arthrobacter, Micrococcus,
      Flavobacterium-Cytophaga, and Bacillus sp. Proteus, Staphylococcus, yeasts,
      Vibrio, and Lactobacillus sp. were found less frequetly in some samples.
      Distribution patterns of microbial flora in crab meat revealed the presence of
      three classes of microorganisms. Microorganisms that originated from the raw crab
      and gained predominance by growth during refrigerated storage were Moraxella,
      Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Flavobacterium-Cytophaga sp. Those that
      originated from the crab but did not grow in meat were Arthrobacter and Bacillus
      sp. Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, and Proteus sp. were introduced during
      processing, but they did not grow in the refrigerated crab meat.

PMID- 1096826
TI  - Historical notes on appendicitis.

PMID- 1096825
TI  - Application of the deoxyribonucleic acid/ribonucleic acid hybridization technique
      in Bdellovibrio as a model for studying ribonucleic acid turnover in host
      parasite systems.
AB  - The kinetics of host ribonucleic acid (RNA) degradation and its resynthesis into
      Bdellovibrio-specific polyribonucleotides has been studied. The kinetics of RNA
      turnover was followed during a one-step synchronous growth cycle of Bdellovibrio
      growing within 32-po4-Labeled Escherichia coli host cells. The species of labeled
      RNA present at any given time was ascertained through the specificity of the
      deoxyribonuclei acid (DNA)/RNA hybridization technique. At nearsaturating levels
      of RNA and at zero time, 7% of the host DNA sequences and only 0.04% of the
      Bdellovibrio DNA became hybridized with 32-P-labeled host cell RNA (greater than
      99% host specific). At the end of the burst, 98% of the labeled RNA sequences
      were specific for Bdellovibrio DNA. About 74% of the initial labeled host cell
      RNA became turned over into Bdellovibrio-specific sequences. We provide data
      indicating that host cell ribosomal RNA is assimilated by Bdellovibri.
      Degradation of host cell RNA occurs in a gradual fashion over most of the
      Bdellovibrio developmental growth cycle. This application of the DNA/RNA
      hybridization technique and its general concept should be of value in elucidating
      the kinetics of nucleic acid turnover in other types of host-parasite systems.

PMID- 1096827
TI  - Use of immunofluorescence staining in kerion.
AB  - We describe two cases of kerion caused by Trichophyton rebrum and Microsporum
      gypseum. In the histological sections, a PAS stain revealed a small number of
      hypha-like rods and spore-like round bodies in the dermis of patient 1. Except
      for some clusters of PAS-positive materials, no definite fungal elements were
      observed in the dermis of patient 1, whereas a considerable number of hyphae were
      demonstrated within a hair shaft. Immunofluorescence staining, using fluorescein
      labeled T mentagrophytes antiserum, disclosed the presence of fungal antigens,
      not only within a hair shaft, but also in the inflammatory infiltrate in the
      dermis of both patients.

PMID- 1096828
TI  - Letter: Autoantibodies in alopecia areata.

PMID- 1096829
TI  - Agar in the management of hyperbilirubinaemia in the premature baby.
AB  - Eighty low birthweight infants (1500 to 2500 g) were randomly assigned to a group
      given oral agar and a control group. The study was first performed in 24 agar-fed
      babies and 24 control babies. The treated infants received a daily total amount
      of 600 mg/kg of agar beginning at 12 hours of age, for 7 days. In the later stage
      of the trial, 16 agar-fed babies and 16 control babies were investigated. The
      total daily amount of agar was raised to 700 mg/kg, beginning at 6 hours of age
      for 7 days. No complications were observed with the administration of agar. Serum
      bilirubin levels were not significantly lower in the agar-fed infants. We
      conclude that agar supplemented feeding is not indicated in the management of
      hyperbilirubinaemia in low birthweight newborn infants.

PMID- 1096830
TI  - Familial opsonization defect associated with fatal infantile dermatitis,
      infections, and histiocytosis.
AB  - Members of four generations of a family had a defect of serum opsonization for
      yeast phagocytosis consistent with dominant inheritance. 2 were healthy, one had
      chronic osteomyelitis, and the fourth developed a fatal illness in infancy
      characterized by exfoliative dermatitis, diarrhoea, multiple bacterial
      infections, and failure to thrive, which resembled the two prevously reported
      cases with this opsonization defect. At necropsy the infant also had lymphoid
      depletion, which was possibly secondary, and massive histiocytic infiltration.

PMID- 1096831
TI  - "Added lactose" and "added sucrose" cow's milk formulae in nutrition of low
      birthweight babies.
AB  - During the manufacture of dried milks for infant feeding the composition of cow's
      milk may be modified by the addition of extra carbohydrate powder to lower the
      relative proportions of protein and minerals, and in practice various
      carbohydrates are used in a largely empirical manner. In other circumstances it
      is known that the quality of dietary carbohydrate affects intestinal tolerance,
      deposition of body fat (in rats), and concentrations of plasma lipids (in man).
      Therefore, in this study the effects of feeding newborn infants on added lactose
      formula and added sucrose formula have been investigated. 29 low birthweight
      babies were observed throughout the first 3 months of life. The added
      carbohydrate achieved a satisfactory composition in terms of mineral and protein
      concentration of the reconstituted milk, but the "added lactose" group
      experienced more diarrhoea and a greater degree of metabolic acidosis during the
      first week of life. The added lactose group was slightly fatter and the plasma
      triglyceride concentration slightly higher than in the "added sucrose" group.
      Despite teleological evidence in favour of lactose, we found no objective
      contraindication to the addition of sucrose to cow's milk in the manufacture of
      infant feeding formulae. Both milks contained only small quantities of linoleic
      acid and the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the plasma and adipose tissue
      lipids fell to low levels, but no clinical evidence of "essential fatty acid
      deficiency" was found.

PMID- 1096832
TI  - Autoantibodies in childhood connective tissue diseases and in normal children.
AB  - The prevalence of nine serum autoantibodies has been studied in 117 children with
      various connective tissue disorders and in 134 normal controls. In juvenile
      rheumatoid arthritis rheumatoid factor was present in 5%, and antinuclear factor
      in 4%, compared with an incidence of 4% and 0% respectively in controls. In
      Henoch-Schonlein purpura there was little evidence of associated autoimmune
      disorder. Gastric parietal cell and thyroid microsomal antibodies were found in
      9% and 10% of our control population, but the significance of this is not clear.
      It is concluded that in children the presence or absence of autoantibodies as
      diagnostic criteria should be interpreted with the greatest caution.

PMID- 1096833
TI  - Isosorbide in treatment of infantile hydrocephalus.
AB  - This paper reports the experiences of the second clinical trial in the use of
      isosorbide in the treatment of 34 selected cases of infantile hydrocephalus of
      all types. Subject to careful biochemical monitoring of serum electrolyte, urea,
      and acid-base balance, treatment with 2 g/kg body weight 6-hourly is safe. Side
      effects are immediately eliminated by interrupting therapy. With lower dosage,
      prolonged maintenance therapy was possible, for as long as 11 months, without
      side effects and with need for much less frequent biochemical monitoring.
      Isosorbide effectively prevented the need for shunt therapy in 10 of 34 patients,
      including 3 infants with uncomplicated congenital hydrocephalus of moderate
      degree and infants whose hydrocephalus was associated with spina bifida and whose
      cerebral mantle was between 20 to 25 mm. In posthaemorrhagic and postmeningitic
      hydrocephalus valuable time was gained before shunt therapy until the infant and
      his CSF were fit for operation.

PMID- 1096834
TI  - Pneumothorax in the newborn. Changing pattern.
AB  - The clinical course of pneumothorax and its allied conditions was studied in 34
      newborn infants who presented over a 2 1/2-year period. We found an overall
      incidence of 3/1000 live births. 11 term infants without obvious pulmonary
      pathology presented early (9 within minutes of birth); 6 of these had aspirated
      meconium or blood. The remaining 23 were preterm infants with hyaline membrane
      disease (HMD) and accounted for 68% of the infants in this series. In contrast,
      they presented late (mean 45 hours) and 16 were on continuous distending pressure
      (CDP) or intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) at the onset of
      pneumothorax. 15% of all infants with HMD who required CDP/IPPV developed
      pneumothorax; this increased incidence was most evident in infants who received
      CDP only. All except 2 of the 11 term infants in the first group were managed
      conservatively and all survived. Wehn pneumothorax occurred as a complication of
      HMD in preterm infants, 14 of the 16 infants required intrapleural drainage.
      Persistence or recurrence of pneumothorax occurred in 9 infants, 7 of whom were
      receiving CDP/IPPV at the time. Lung expansion was affected only after
      replacement with a patent chest drain through the same incision or insertion of a
      second drain on the same side of the chest. All 5 deaths occurred in the group of
      preterm infants with HMD. 3 resulted directly form respiratory failure due to
      severe HMD complicated by pneumothorax. We emphasize the increasing importance of
      pneumothorax as a complication of HMD in preterm infants, particularly in those
      receiving CDP. Successful management depends on prompt diagnosis and treatment of
      pneumothorax, which may occur as unexplained sudden deterioration at any time
      during the course of illness in this group of high risk infants.

PMID- 1096835
TI  - Prevalence of atopy and exercise-induced bronchial lability in relatives of
      patients with cystic fibrosis.
AB  - Skin tests and exercise tests were performed on children with cystic fibrosis
      (CF) and first-degree relatives of CF children. Positive skin tests were found in
      56% of patients and 19% of relatives, but the prevalence of atopy in CF patients
      bore no relationship to its prevalence in their relatives. Increased 0ronchial
      lability, mainly due to bronchoconstriction, was present in 54% of patients and
      27% of relatives. The results showed that increased prevalence of bronchial
      lability, but not atopy, is found in first-degree relatives of CF children, and
      that the abnormal lability and atopy found in CF children does not indicate a
      familial allergic background.

PMID- 1096836
TI  - Trial of artificial diet in treatment of cystic fibrosis of pancreas.

PMID- 1096837
TI  - The removable buried retention suture: a new technique.
AB  - Through-and-through retention sutures are inherently inefficient and prone to
      produce skin and subcutaneous damage. Most surgeons are reluctant to permanently
      bury non-absorbable retention sutures. This new technique uses tube conduits to
      bring the retention sutures from deep fascial level to above the skin-surface,
      where they are available for removal. Thus, the sutures do not cross the skin and
      subcutaneous tissue, and they exert maximal efficiency at the deep fascial
      layers. This method has been used in over 60 cases without deep-wound separation,
      and complications have been minimal.

PMID- 1096838
TI  - Central nervous systen alpha-adrenergic mechanisms and cardiovascular regulation
      in rats.
AB  - Noradrenaline (NA) induced a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate when
      injected into specific areas in either the medulla oblongata or the hypothalamus.
      In the medulla the area of the nucleus tractus solitarius was specifically
      sensitive to NA; in the hypothalamus depressor effects were obtained only after
      NA injections into the anterior hypothalamic/preoptic region. The cardiovascular
      effects induced by NA (3-40 nmol) in these areas consisted of an immediate
      decrease in both arterial pressure and heart rate. Size and duration of these
      effects depended upon the dose of NA injected. Alpha-methylNA (5-15 nmol) induced
      a long lasting decrease in blood pressure and heart rate when injected into the
      anterior hypothalamic/preoptic region. These data are discussed in view of the
      existence of at least two sites within the central nervous system (CNS) from
      which interference with noradrenergic mechanisms can cause changes in the
      cardiovascular system.

PMID- 1096839
TI  - Endotoxin and production of prostaglandins by the isolated rabbit jejunum.
      Influence of indomethacin.

PMID- 1096840
TI  - Treatment of fungal infections with flucytosine.
AB  - Treatment with flucytosine of 20 patients with fungal infections gave favorable
      results in four patients with crytococcal infections, two of four patients with
      disseminated candidiasis, eight of ten patients with urinary tract infections due
      to Candida albicans and Torulopsis glabrata, and tow of three patients with
      miscellaneous infections due to Calbicans. Two patients with crytococcal
      meningitis and altered host resistance and one patient with an aorto femoral
      graft infection due to C albicans were treated with flucytosine and smphotericin
      B. The infection was eradicated in one of the patients with meningitis, and
      cultures from an infected arterial graft became negative. Adverse side effects of
      flucytosine included mild leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, a transient increase
      in alkaline phosphatase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and nausea and
      diarrhea.

PMID- 1096841
TI  - Malignant hypertension. Recovery of kidney function after renal allograft
      failure.
AB  - A 28-year old patient with malignant hypertension developed endstage renal
      failure necessitating chronic maintenance hemodialysis for seven months and
      transplantation of a renal allograft that was rejected within a month. After
      this, with continued control of the hypertension, the patient's own kidneys
      gradually resumed function and achieved anendogenous creatinine clearance of 30
      ml/min. She has not required further dialysis for more than nine months. Recovery
      of sufficient renal function to maintain homeostasis, one year after onset of
      uremia, indicates the prolonged antihypertensive treatment period that may be
      necessary to reverse the renal arteriolar changes associated with malignant
      hypertension. This experience further underlines the necessity of moderation in
      the use of nephrectomy in the management of severe hypertension.

PMID- 1096842
TI  - Editoral: Treatment of fungal infections.

PMID- 1096843
TI  - Effect of edeine on primary immunologic response in mice.
AB  - The effect of edeine on primary immune response against sheep erythrocytes in
      mice was studied. The response intensity was evaluated on the cellular and
      humoral level. The results showed significant decrease in the number of spleen
      cells capable of synthesizing hemolysins, and the decrease in serum level of
      these antibodies.

PMID- 1096844
TI  - Adsorption of pneumocins and aerocins on bacterial cells.
AB  - Adsorption of aerocins 1a-E26, 1b-E47, 1b-E43, 2-E26, 2-E47 and pneumocins A-114
      and A-902 was found to be dependent on the presence of specific receptors on the
      surface of sensitive bacteria. Resistant mutants, selected by these bacteriocins,
      were incapable of adsorption owing to loss or altered structure of receptors.
      Maximal numbers of Killing Units of pneumocins and aerocins adsorbed by one
      bacterial cell of sensitive strains were determined. Kinetics of adsorption and
      degree of killing of bacteria in relation to concentration of bacteriocins were
      studied. The lethal effect on bacteria was of the "single hit" type, i. e. one
      particle of aerocin respectively pneumocin killed one bacterial cell.

PMID- 1096845
TI  - Twenty-four John Stanley Coulter memorial lecture: Building on Dr. Coulter's
      "Foundation".

PMID- 1096846
TI  - Samuel Prescott: physician-patriot.

PMID- 1096847
TI  - Variability of effect of positive end expiratory pressure.
AB  - Mechanical ventilation with positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) has been
      reported to produce prompt improvement in oxygeneration when used to treat acute
      respiratory failure. Reports of the effect of PEEP on cardiac output have been
      conflicting. We studied 14 patients and found that, although mean values of
      arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) increased as PEEP increased, on eight occasions in
      the acute studies and three in the elective studies, it fell as PEEP was
      increased. On five occasions the fall in PaO2 was associated with an increased
      shunt. Arterial pressure did not, on the average, change at any level of PEEP,
      but in 13 of 30 measurements it fell by more than 20% and necessitated
      curtailment of the study at blood pressure levels of less than 50 torr. Since
      these effects of PEEP cannot be predicted, careful patient monitoring is
      essential when ventilation with PEEP is utilized.

PMID- 1096848
TI  - A chemosterilized antigen-extracted autodigested alloimplant for bone banks.
AB  - Limited chemical extraction of hydrophobic glycopeptides and subtotal
      autodigestion of the donor's cells and plasma membranes in undemineralized
      cortical bone in vitro reduces the putative quantity of haptenic substances
      absorbed by the recipient. Iodoacetic acid and sodium azide or other sulfhydryl
      group enzyme inhibitors added to the buffer solutions during in vitro
      autodigestion and estraction of intracellular alloantigens protects the bone
      matrix morphogenetic property against enzymatic degradation. The delayed
      hypersensitivity reaction induced by aseptically collected freeze-dried bone and
      the destruction of the bone morphogenetic property caused by radiation
      sterilization is avoidable by sequential chemodigestion and chemosterilization of
      bone that preserves the maximum morphogenetic potential while transferring a
      minimum quantity of alloantigen.

PMID- 1096849
TI  - Blowhold cecostomy for cecal decompression.
AB  - Blowhole cecostomy is a method for achieving decompression of the distended
      cecum. Emphasis is placed on a McBurney-type incision, a watertight suture line
      joining bowel to muscle, and avoidance of opening the cecum until the suturing is
      done.

PMID- 1096850
TI  - Eight hundred cholecystectomies. A plea for many fewer drains.

PMID- 1096851
TI  - Skin homograft survival in humans after lymphocyte depletion by prolonged
      thoracic duct drainage.

PMID- 1096852
TI  - A reversed-action needle holder.

PMID- 1096853
TI  - Mutagenic activity of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, and trofosfamide in different
      genes of escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium after biotransformation
      through extracts of rodent liver.
AB  - Experiments are performed to compare the mutagenic properties of the three
      phosphamide esters of nitrogen mustard, cyclophosphamide (CP), ifosfamide (IF),
      and trofosfamide (TF), in different bacterial systems. The systems include
      forward mutations leading to resistance against 5-methyltryptophan (MTR) and from
      galR-s18 to gal-+ in Escherichia coli 343/113, back mutations from arg56 to arg-+
      in Escherichia coli 343/113 and back mutations from hisG46 to his-+ in Salmonella
      typhimurium TA1535. CP, IF, and TF are not mutagenic per se. After
      biotransformation through isolated rodent liver homogenates (S-9 fraction) all
      three compounds exhibit mutagenic activity in the order CP smaller than IF
      smaller than TF. Specific activating potential of mouse liver extracts is higher
      than that of rat liver. Except for back mutations in S. typhimurium TA1535, all
      mutation systems tested show a similar pattern of induction after treatment with
      CP, IF, and TF. However, because gal-+ mutations are not induced by CP under
      conditions where arg-+ and MTR are induced, it is suggested that more than one
      mutational system be used in routine mutagenicity testing.

PMID- 1096854
TI  - Tracheostomy: emergency or elective?

PMID- 1096855
TI  - Perils of public health.

PMID- 1096856
TI  - Symbiosis of Streptococcus mutans and Veillonella alcalescens in mixed continuous
      cultures.

PMID- 1096857
TI  - Interlamellar corneal grafts in rats. Effect of histocompatibility.
AB  - A technique of interlamellar keratoplasty was employed to evaluate the influence
      of difference in histocompatibility on the results of corneal transplantation in
      highly inbred rats. The degree of corneal clarity and vascularity and the
      incidence of rejection of relatively conpatible ("weak") and incompatible
      ("strong") allografts were recorded blindly in recipients with normal and
      vascularized corneas and in recipients sensitized with donor tissue either before
      or after corneal grafting. In contrast to the well-known effects of
      histocompatibility on skin and organ allografts, there was no substantial effect
      whatsoever of histocompatibility on either the severity of corneal allograft
      reactions orthe incidence of rejection. Consequently, the results of this
      experimental investigation suggest that tissue typing may have little or no value
      in clinical keratoplasty.

PMID- 1096858
TI  - Corneal epithelial preservation.
AB  - While clinical experience has demonstrated that current storage techniques are
      adequate for the preservation of human endothelial cells, increased use of donor
      epithelium in cases of severe disturbance to epithelial and stromal integrity
      requires a reexamination of storage effects on the epithelial layer. Measurement
      of human and rabbit metabolite levels in stored corneas indicates that the
      epithelium is maintained in a normal state only if the eye is cooled promptly. If
      cold storage is delayed for as little as one hour after death, glucose levels in
      the stroma and aqueous fall below levels known to be required for preservation of
      epithelial integrity. The fundamental time of interest in preservation of donor
      corneal tissue is in the interval between death and cooling of the eye. If prompt
      enucleation is not possible, ice should be applied to maintain viability of the
      epithelium.

PMID- 1096859
TI  - Frederick W. Stocker, 1893-1974.

PMID- 1096860
TI  - [Studies on soft tissue reactions to implantation of glass ceramics (author's
      transl)].
AB  - This report describes the implantation of glass and glass-ceramics into soft
      tissues. These experiments revealed that our new glass and glass-ceramic
      materials are well compatible with soft tissues. The fibrous membrane surrounding
      such an implantat consists of normal dense collageneous connective tissue. The
      cells are fibroblasts and fibrocyt-like cells without any abnormal morphology.
      Macrophages could not be detected. However, the degree of implants solubility
      must be chosen with care, because high solubility of the implant increases the
      reaction of the surrounding soft tissues. The described materials are also
      compatible with osseous tissues. In our previous experiments we have already
      pointed out, that bonding developed between glass material and bone. Few weeks
      after implatation we have seen mature lamellar homegeneously mineralized bone
      opposed to the implant. There was no fibrous membrane between implant and bone.
      Longtime studies show that hitherto the described bonding exists about 2 years.

PMID- 1096861
TI  - Acupuncture for sensorineural hearing loss.
AB  - Forty children, aged 9 to 16 years, with severe and profound sensorineural
      hearing loss received acupuncture five times weekly for three out of four weeks
      for a period of six months.  The children had weekly audiometric evaluations. 
      There were no clinically important differences during and post acupuncture.

PMID- 1096862
TI  - Effect of the high potassium medium on cultured cochlear epithelial cells.
AB  - 1. A high potassium and low sodium culture medium does not produce morphological
      change in cochlear epithelial cells such as sulcus cell, Deiters' cell, Hensen's
      cell, Claudius' cell and Raissner's membrane cell. 2. Interdental cells of spiral
      limbus are affected by a high potassium medium but the change is to a moderate
      degree. 3. Outer hair cells degenerate quickly in a high potassium and low sodium
      medium. The onset and the grade of the degeneration is in a parallel with the
      potassium concentration, and a concentration of more than 46.4 mEq/l produces an
      acute and severe degeneration of outer hair cells.

PMID- 1096863
TI  - Cryptococcosis histologically resembling histoplasmosis. A light and electron
      microscopical study.

PMID- 1096864
TI  - Cartilage repair over porous metal implants.

PMID- 1096865
TI  - Some effects of prestimulus activity and length of prestimulus observation on
      judgments of newborns' responses to sounds.
AB  - Previous work on the effects of prestimulus state on newborn auditory response is
      briefly reviewed. Subjectively assessed responses of nine newborns by five
      observers were studied as a function of (1) prestimulus activity level and (2)
      duration of prestimulus observation period. Response assessment was significantly
      affected for the former but not by the latter. For sounds which elicited a high
      proportion of responses, the prestimulus activity level had relatively little
      effect on judgment of response, whereas for sounds (and no-sound "control"
      trials) to which few responses were ascribed, prestimulus activity tended to be
      associated with positive ratings of response.

PMID- 1096866
TI  - Temporal and masking phenomena in persons with sensorineural hearing loss.
AB  - Relatively few experimental investigations have studied backward or forward
      masking, masking level differences, or differential frequency effects in
      simultaneous masking among persons with hearing impairment. This is regrettable
      since such efforts may lead to important new understandings of auditory
      processes. This paper reviews available data, discusses some precautions of
      experimental procedure, and offers suggestions for future research directions.

PMID- 1096867
TI  - Masking level difference: a measure of auditory processing capability.
AB  - MLDs are evidence of the superiority of the binaural auditory system. Cochlear
      lesions do not necessarily impair the MLD and persons with cortical lesions are
      also able to produce normal MLDs. The evidence for intermediate level auditory
      pathway lesions is more equivocal. The MLD is not the only measure of binaural
      hearing and binaural hearing is itself only one measure of a number of complex
      auditory processes. In this experiment measures of MLDs, localization, temporal
      integration, central masking and difference limen for intensity were made on 11
      persons with normal hearing. Correlational analyses including factor analysis
      indicated that the MLD is a fairly independent measure but that central masking,
      brief tone audiometry and difference limen for intensity represent related
      auditory tasks. The relationship of localization tasks in this picture is
      unclear.

PMID- 1096868
TI  - Auditory localization and its clinical applications.
AB  - Factors of significance in the localization of sound are considered. The ability
      of hearing-impaired subjects to localize noise in the horizontal plane was
      examined with and without hearing aids, and also compared with the results for
      normally hearing subjects. The directional hearing was not found to be improved
      by the hearing aids used. The ability to localize sound has been used by several
      investigators as a diagnostic tool: poor directional hearing may be expected in
      patients with lesions of the cochlear nerve or the pontine region. However, other
      factors are also of significance and may impair the localization of sound. These
      problems are discussed.

PMID- 1096869
TI  - Life times: ours not to reason.

PMID- 1096870
TI  - Humanist traditions in nursing development.

PMID- 1096871
TI  - Instrument for the on-line measurement of the slow phase of nystagmus.
AB  - The on-line measurement of the slow-phase velocity of vestibular nystagmus,
      induced or spontaneous, has considerable practical advantages. An instrument for
      this purpose, developed around simple operational amplifiers, is described.
      Typical applications of the system are given in respect of nystagmus induced by
      optokinetic, rotational, and caloric stimuli.

PMID- 1096872
TI  - Relationship between virus multiplication and culture cells synchronized by
      excess thymidine treatment. V. Effect of chikungunya virus infection upon the
      host cell cycle.
AB  - The cell cycle of FL cells infected with chikungunya virus was examined using
      cultures synchronized with excess thymidine. Viral growth at the cellular level
      was demonstrated by the presence of viral antigen and viral RNA synthesis. It was
      found that cells which had been infected with virus before the S phase, could
      enter the S phase. Furthermore,, cells infected in the phase before the M phase
      could enter the M phase. However, infected cells showed abrupt karyorrhexis after
      a certain period of infection. This contrasts with studies on pox virus-infected
      cells, where the cell cycle dose not proceed once viral-DNA synthesis is
      initiated at any phase of the cell cycle.

PMID- 1096873
TI  - The effect of spermine on transcription of mammalian chromatin by mammalian
      deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase.
AB  - Isolated rat liver nuclei demonstrate an increased ability to synthesize RNA in
      the presence of either spermine or spermidine. Spermidine has more effect on the
      low-salt alpha-amanitin-insensitive reaction, and spermine has more effect on the
      high-salt alpha-amanitin-sensitive reaction. Spermine is effective at
      concentrations of 0.1 mM and 1 muM, showing a biphasic effect. The RNA polymerase
      activity associated with nuclear chromatin is increased in the presence of
      spermine only at a concentration of 0.1 mM. Aso the transcription of
      deproteinized liver DNA by liver form-B polymerase or Escherichia coli enzyme is
      more efficient in the presence of 0.1 mM-spermine. Only when liver chromatin is
      transcribed by its homologous enzyme (and not by E. coli enzyme) is spermine
      active at both 0.1mM and 1 muM as in purified nuclei. The lower concentration of
      spermine (1 muM) is able to affect chromatin transcription by increasing the
      affinity of chromatin for the enzyme. Our findings suggest a regulatory role of
      spermine at the level of genome transcription.

PMID- 1096874
TI  - Release of chromatin template restriction in rabbit spermatozoa.

PMID- 1096875
TI  - Regulation of argF mRNA synthesis, performed in vitro.

PMID- 1096876
TI  - A new mitochondrial mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 1096877
TI  - In vivo radiation-induced thymine residue release from Escherichia coli DNA.

PMID- 1096878
TI  - Lipoic acid inhibition of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1096879
TI  - Histin, an RNA polymerase inhibitor isolated from Histoplasma capsulatum.

PMID- 1096880
TI  - Thermal events associated with active membrane transport in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1096881
TI  - Competition between bacteriophage f2 RNA and bacteriophage T4 messenger RNA.

PMID- 1096882
TI  - In vitro competition between ferrichrome and phage for the outer membrane T5
      receptor complex of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1096883
TI  - Nuclear and cytoplasmic glutamate dehydrogenases (NADP-dependent) in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 1096884
TI  - Anilinonaphthalenesulfonate as a fluorescent probe of the energized membrane
      state in Escherichia coli cells and sonicated membrane particles.

PMID- 1096885
TI  - Studies of odd bases in yeast mitochondrial tRNA: absense of the fluorescent "Y"
      base in mitochondrial DNA coded tRNAPhe, absence of 4-thiouridine.

PMID- 1096886
TI  - Polyamine and magnesium contents and polypeptide synthesis as a function of cell
      growth.

PMID- 1096887
TI  - Arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase in eucaryotic protists.

PMID- 1096888
TI  - Beta-D-Ribofluranosyl-1,4-benzoquinone - antibacterial agent with showdomycin
      like mode of action.

PMID- 1096889
TI  - Polysome level and stability in stringent E. coli strains under aminoacyl-tRNA
      deprivation.

PMID- 1096890
TI  - Identification of a phiX174 coded protein involved in the shut-off of host DNA
      replication.

PMID- 1096891
TI  - Fumarate as alternate electron acceptor for the late steps of anaerobic heme
      synthesis in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1096892
TI  - Inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of E. coli by phospholipids.

PMID- 1096893
TI  - Occurrence of arginyl-tRNA: protein arginyl transferase in baker's yeast.

PMID- 1096894
TI  - Diethyl pyrocarbonate does not degrade RNA.

PMID- 1096895
TI  - On the covalent binding of mRNA models to the part of the 16 S RNA which is
      located in the mRNA binding site of the 30 S ribosome.

PMID- 1096896
TI  - Effects of intercalating agents on the structure of the ribosome.

PMID- 1096897
TI  - D-Trp8-somatostatin: an analog of somatostatin more potent than the native
      molecule.

PMID- 1096898
TI  - An analysis of the kinetics of the inhibition of rabbit brain gamma-aminobutyrate
      aminotransferase by sodium n-dipropylacetate and some other simple carboxylic
      acids.

PMID- 1096899
TI  - Conjugation of L-DOPA and its metabolites after oral and intravenous
      administration to Parkinsonian patients.

PMID- 1096900
TI  - [Clinical-pharmacological and pharmacokinetic studies with naproxen].
AB  - d-2-(6'-Methoxy-2'-naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen) is bound in blood to a
      high degree to plasma protein. After oral application naproxen is absorbed
      rapidly and completely. The mean biological half-life in man is fourteen hours.
      This gives us the possibility of controlling the symptoms of disease with two
      daily doses. In man, 99% of naproxen is excreted in the urine, either unchanged
      or glucuronized and as its 6-des-methyl metabolite. There is a linear increase of
      plasma levels with daily doses of up to 500 mg. Higher naproxen doses do not
      produce higher blood levels but lead to a faster excretion. This probably depends
      in part on a saturation of the binding sites in plasma. Differences in affinity
      of some compounds for binding sites in plasma are responsible for a potential
      interaction between naproxen and other agents, such as warfarin, acetyl salicylic
      acid (ASA) and sulfonylureas. These interactions are discussed. In a double-blind
      trial the influence of naproxen and ASA on the gastric mucosa of healthy
      volunteers has been compared. The results of gastroscopic findings as well as
      laboratory tests are reported.

PMID- 1096901
TI  - A Double-blind comparison of naproxen against indometacin in osteoarthrosis.
AB  - Fifty patients with osteoarthrosis of the knee and hip were entered into a double
      blind trial of d-2-(6'-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen) 500 mg daily
      versus indometacin 100 mg daily. Two simultaneous trials of identical design were
      performed, one consisting of patients with unilateral or bilateral knee joint
      arthrosis only, the other of patients with unilateral or bilateral hip joint
      disease. Patients were assigned to 4 weeks treatment on naproxen or  indometacin,
      then crossed over to the other drug. Assessments were made at --2, 0, 2, 4, 6 and
      8 weeks, including subjective grading of pain and objective measurement of joint
      movements, stair climbing time and walking time. In almost all parameters there
      was significant improvement from baseline on both drugs, the magnitude of
      improvement being statistically equivalent. Side-effects recorded during the
      naproxen treatment period were significantly fewer than during indometacin
      treatment.

PMID- 1096902
TI  - [Methods and statistics of multicentral double-blind "cross-over" examination of
      naproxen compared to indomethacin].
AB  - The methodology of documenting clinical findings and statistical analysis of the
      results of a multicentre double-blind cross-over study, in which the efficacy of
      d-2-(6'-methoxy-2'-naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen) and indometacin in the
      treatment of rheumatic diseases was compared, is presented. Eight investigators
      from four clinics conducted this clinical trial according to an identical
      protocol in a total of 100 patients. 46 patients (5 male and 31 female) with
      rheumatoid arthritis received either of the two drugs over a period of 26 days.
      35 patients (32 male and 3 female) with ankylosing spondylitis and 19 patients (8
      male and 11 female) with osteoarthrosis were treated with either of the drugs for
      15 days. The following parameters were investigated and documented: pain and its
      localization, inhibition of joint function, symptoms of inflammation, and the
      "quasi" irreversible joint changes. These various parameters were for statistical
      purposes combined as indices for pain, function, and inflammation. This permitted
      a quantitative evaluation of the analgesic and antiinflammatory efficacy as well
      as of the improvement of joint function of the two compounds tested. The overall
      results of the clinical parameters revealed no significant difference in efficacy
      for the two drugs. When differentiating the patients as to their sex, both drugs
      showed higher efficacy in male patients, and only slight efficacy in female
      patients.

PMID- 1096903
TI  - [Clinical results of a multicentral double-blind examination of naproxen compared
      to indomethacin in chronic rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and
      osteoarthrosis].
AB  - In a multicenter double-blind cross-over trial the therapeutic effect and the
      tolerance of d-2-(6'-methoxy-2'-naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen) and
      indometacin were compared including 46 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 35
      patients with ankylosing spondylitis and 19 patients with osteoarthrosis.
      Duration of treatment with both drugs was two to four weeks each. The daily dose
      of naproxen was 750 mg, that of indometacin l50 mg. In rheumatoid arthritis the
      combined clinical effect of indometacin was stronger than that of naproxen while
      both drugs had the same clinical effectiveness in ankylosing spondylitis and
      osteoarthrosis. When differentiating the total clinical effect as to indices of
      pain, inflammation and function, indometacin was shown to be superior in all
      three diseases with regard to pain index. On the other hand, naproxen showed a
      better effect in ankylosing spondylitis and osteoarthrosis than indometacin as to
      inflammation, and as to function in osteoarthrosis.

PMID- 1096904
TI  - [A double blind comparison of naproxen and indomethacin on the after-midnight
      pain of patients with morbus bechterew].
AB  - 27 patients with ascertained ankylosing spondylitis experiencing constant after
      midnight-pain received, following three medication-free days, in a double blind,
      randomized, cross-over fashion indometacin (100 g/day) and d-2-(6'-methoxy-2'
      naphthyl)-propionic acid (naproxen) (500 mg/day), as suppositories, for a period
      of six days each. The intensity of the night-pain was recorded daily. Naproxen
      was shown to be equally effective as indometacin in alleviating the after
      midnight backache of ankylosing spondylitis. Side effects occurred under
      indometacin in 5 cases, under naproxen in 3 cases.

PMID- 1096905
TI  - [Observations of long-term treatment of arthrosis with naproxen].
AB  - In a previous open clinical trial with d-2-(6'-methoxy-2'-naphthyl)-propionic
      acid (naproxen) in 32 outpatients with osteoarthrosis, very good to good results
      were achieved in 6 patients, satisfactory in 12, fair in 5, and unsatisfactory in
      9 patients. The severest side effect observed was a case of gastric bleeding in a
      female patient who had been previously treated with a drug containing
      phenylbutazone and prednisone. Since, furthermore, 6 out of 9 such patients who
      did not respond to therapy had to stop the durg prematurely because of minor side
      effects and since in another 6 there was a tendency to a reduction of the
      leucocyte count, we subsequently initiated a long-term efficacy and tolerance
      study in our department for chronic patients. This series comprised 15 patients,
      aged 66 to 86 years, with severe, partly immobilizing coxarthroses and
      gonarthroses. The length of treatment was 2 to 16 months (mean 10.5 months).
      During the first 3 months ESR determinations and complete blood counts were
      performed every two weeks, later at four-weekly intervals. The patients were
      questioned weekly as to the efficacy of the treatment and as to side effects.
      Neither changes of the laboratory data nor gastro-intestinal side effects were
      observed. In two patients -- one a female with multiple allergies -- treatment
      had to be stopped because of itching and exanthema, respectively. The analgesic
      effect of naproxen was evaluated as very good in 5 cases, good in 5, fair in 2,
      and unsatisfactory in 3 cases. In addition, we conducted another clinical trial
      in 15 outpatients with degenerative joint diseases (partly of the spinal column).
      Their age varied from 16 to 60 years. Naproxen was administered in daily doses
      from 500 to 750 mg for the duration of 6 to 12 weeks. In no case had treatment to
      be interrupted, nor was there any gastric intolerance or alteration of the blood
      count observed in this group. Clinical results were classified as satisfactory to
      good in 10 patients.

PMID- 1096906
TI  - [Studies of the pancreatic islets of rabbits after cessation of the
      hypercholesterol diet].

PMID- 1096907
TI  - Sinus node function in the denervated human heart. Effect of digitalis.
AB  - Evaluation of sinus node function was performed in 5 patients with an intact
      cardiac autonomic nervous system (group I), and in 8 patients with a
      transplantated, denervated heart (group 2). After baseline data were recorded,
      the electrophysiological studies were repeated in all group I patients and in 6
      of the 8 group 2 patients, 45 to 60 minutes after the administration of digoxin
      1.25 mg intravenously. Baseline cycle length, sinus node recovery time, and
      sinoatrial conduction time were significantly shorter in the transplanted heart
      than in those with intact autonomic innervation, but correction of the sinus node
      recovery time and sinoatrial conduction time for heart rate abolished these
      differences. Digoxin produced a small increase in cycle length, sinus node
      recovery time, and sinoatrial conduction time which did not reach statistical
      significance in this small study group of patients with innervated hearts. In the
      denervated, transplanted patients, no change in cycle length occurred after
      digoxin in any patient. The sinus node recovery time was unaffected by glycoside
      administration in 3 of 6 patients, while the sinoatrial conduction time was
      unchanged in 4 of 6. In one group 2 patient, digoxin produced first degree
      sinoatrial node exit block, and in a second patient, 2:1 sinoatrial nodal exit
      block developed. The mechanisms responsible for these effects in the denervated
      heart are not clear.

PMID- 1096908
TI  - Evaluation of the toxicity of local anaesthetic agents in man.
AB  - Etidocaine given by intravenous infusion has been compared, using a double-blind
      technique, with bupivacaine and lignocaine in respect of toxic symptoms and
      signs. The degree of toxicity is affected considerably by the rate of drug
      infusion. At 10 mg/min subjects could tolerate twice the dose of etidocaine as
      bupivacaine. Tolerance to etidocaine was less at 20 mg/min but still compared
      favourably with bupivacaine at 10 mg/min. Considering the difference in potency
      of the two agents it was considered that the therapeutic ratios would not be
      substantially different. Lignocaine at 20 mg/min was better tolerated than
      etidocaine. Venous plasma concentration during these experiments showed a more
      rapid decrease in the case of etidocaine compared with bupivacaine, but the
      concentrations were unhelpful in predicting the toxic effects. Similarly
      electroencephalography revealed no abnormalities in spite of marked subjective
      and objective signs of toxicity.

PMID- 1096909
TI  - Change in end-tidal position in children after suxamethonium.
AB  - The change in end-tidal position (ETP) after suxamethonium-induced paralysis was
      measured in 15 children during routine general anaesthesia. In all patients the
      onset of muscle paralysis was associated with an increase in lung volume from
      ETP. This increase may be the result of paralysis of the expiratory muscles which
      are active during anaesthesia.

PMID- 1096910
TI  - Postoperative pulmonary function.

PMID- 1096911
TI  - Postoperative oxygen administration.

PMID- 1096912
TI  - Hypoxic brain damage.

PMID- 1096913
TI  - The assessment of postoperative mental function.

PMID- 1096914
TI  - Minor complications of general anaesthesia.

PMID- 1096915
TI  - Effect of CO2 on myocardial contractility and aortic input impedance during
      anaesthesia.
AB  - The haemodynamic responses to hypocapnia and hypercapnia have been studied in the
      dog during intermittent positive pressure ventilation under halothane anaesthesia
      (1% halothane in oxygen) and under nitrous oxide anaesthesia (30% oxygen in
      nitrous oxide). In the absence of significant variations of either myocardial
      contractility or left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, the changes of stroke
      volume and cardiac output (diminution because of hypocapnia, augmentation because
      of hypercapnia) were determined by alterations of systemic vascular resistance
      (augmentation because of hypocapnia, diminution because of hypercapnia).

PMID- 1096916
TI  - Mechanics of breathing, gas distribution and functional residual capacity at
      different frequencies of respiration during spontaneous and artificial
      ventilation.
AB  - Nine healthy volunteers were investigated, both while awake and breathing
      spontaneously, and while anaesthetized with IPPV, in all cases at rates of both
      12 and 24 b.p.m. Gas flow and volume were measured with a pneumotachography. The
      transpulmonary pressure (the pressure difference between the trachea or the
      buccal cavity and the oesophagus) was also recorded. The distribution of gas was
      analysed by means of nitrogen washout curves, which also permitted the
      determination of functional residual capacity (FRC). Lung compliance during IPPV
      was approximately half that during spontaneous breathing. During IPPV the
      compliance was dependent on the frequency of ventilation, being lower with the
      greater frequency. Pulmonary resistance was approximately twice as great with
      artificial ventilation, but no significant relationship to frequency was
      demonstrated. Gas distribution was within normal limits and in this respect there
      was no difference between low and high rates of spontaneous breathing. With IPPV
      at the higher rate, gas distribution was significantly less even, but still
      within normal limits. Dfferences in FRC under the different conditions during the
      experiments were not significant, but the values obtained were lower with
      artificial ventilation. Neither the reduction in dynamic lung compliance induced
      by anaesthesia and artificial ventilation, nor its dependence on the frequency of
      such ventilation, can be explained with certainty by changes in gas distribution.

PMID- 1096917
TI  - An autoclavable ventilation failure alarm.
AB  - A small ventilation failure alarm which can be used with all types of lung
      ventilator is described. The entire patient circuit can be removed and autoclaved
      easily. Activation of the unit is by a removable key, a mains failure warning is
      provided, and alarm may be muted during aspiration of secretions from the
      tracheobronchial tree.

PMID- 1096918
TI  - Mechanism of action of extradural analgesia.
AB  - The factors governing the spread and site of action of local anaesthetics in the
      extradural space are discussed. Local anaesthetic drugs injected into the
      extradural space may cause nerve blocks at three possible sites: (a) On the
      spinal nerves in the paravertebral space. This probably occurs only in young
      subjects. (b) On the spinal nerves intradurally. This is probably the essential
      site of blockade. (c) On the spinal cord.

PMID- 1096919
TI  - A review of the metabolism of amide local anaesthetic agents.
AB  - (1) Amide local anaesthetics are almost completely metabolized before excretion
      in both animals and man. (2) Considerable interspecies variability occurs in the
      quantitative excretion of local anaesthetic metabolites; however, qualitative
      similarities often exist. (3) The secondary amine metabolite of lignocaine, MEGX,
      is capable of reacting in vivo with acetaldehyde, formed as a metabolite of ethyl
      alcohol, to produce a cyclic condensation product. (4) Although hydrolysis in man
      of the secondary amine metabolite of lignocaine, MEGX, appears extensive, the
      same is not true for the metabolic analogue produced from mepivacaine, PPX. (5)
      Metabolism of mepivacaine by the neonate is impaired, but the excretion process
      in the newborn is capable of eliminating the drug within 24 hr after birth. (6)
      Metabolic data on bupivacaine and etidocaine are incomplete. The latter compound
      appears to have a more rapid plasma clearance.

PMID- 1096920
TI  - Cardiovascular pharmacology of local anaesthetics.
AB  - Although most local anaesthetic drugs are generally regarded as vasodilators at
      their site of injection, they produce systemic effects characterized by increases
      in peripheral resistance, cardiac output, arterial pressure heart rate. The
      direct depressive effects of the drugs are counterbalanced by increased
      sympathetic activity. There is evidence that many local anaesthetic agents
      increase the myogenic tone of certain vascular beds. A proper understanding of
      these phenomena could lead to improvements in the development of new local
      anaesthetic agents and appropriate vasoconstrictors.

PMID- 1096921
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of extradural anaesthesia.
AB  - The changes that occur in the circulation following extradural block are
      described and compared with spinal anaesthesia. The contribution of height of
      blockade, the effects of the local anaesthesic agent after absorption and the
      modification in the haemodynamic changes caused by vasopressors added to the
      local anaesthetic agent, are discussed.

PMID- 1096922
TI  - Intercostal nerve blockade for evaluation of local anaesthetic agents.
AB  - Bilateral intercostal nerve block provides the opportunity to subject as many as
      16 separate peripheral nerves in a single subject to known or unknown local
      anaesthetic agents in a variety of concentrations, volumes, and additives. It
      permits the observation of local (e.g., neuritis), clinical (e.g., onset and
      duration), and systemic (e.g., toxicity and blood concentration) effects of these
      variables. In double-blind studies, bilateral intercostal nerve block allows the
      use of each side of the trunk for comparison of two experimental drugs, a new
      drug against a standard, or two new drugs. Subtle differences in clinical
      properties as well as simultaneous blood concentrations may be detected in these
      studies. The advantages of this technique in evaluating local anaesthetic agents
      are primarily the use of a single subject as his own control while studying may
      separate peripheral nerves. This aids appreciably in limiting the variable of
      age, temperature, and perfusion, as well as techniques of administration and
      evaluation. The constancy of the anatomy of the intercostal nerve provides a
      highly reliable and reproducible block technique.

PMID- 1096923
TI  - Double-blind controlled crossover high-dose study of Azaribine in psoriasis.
AB  - Azaribine used in high doses of 200 mg/kg a day is an effective agent in inducing
      temporary remissions in patients with severe psoriasis but potentially serious
      neurotoxicity may occur. Therapy should be initiated at lower doses of 125 mg/kg
      a day and advanced carefully only if clinical response does not ensue at the
      lower level.

PMID- 1096924
TI  - Dermal-epidermal deposition of complement components and properdin in systemic
      lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Skin lesions and clinically normal skin of thirteen patients with systemic lupus
      erythematosus (SLE) were examined, by the use of immunofluorescent techniques, to
      determine the presence of CIq, C3, C3 proactivator (C3PA), properdin,
      immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgM), and fibrin. IgM deposition was present in
      all thirteen skin lesions and in eleven normal areas tested, whereas IgG
      deposition occurred in eleven of the lesions but in only six normal areas. IgA
      was the least frequently encountered immunoglobulin. CIq deposition occurred in
      all thirteen skin lesions, and C3 deposition was present in twelve. Seven of nine
      and eight of eleven clinically normal areas demonstrated CIq and C3 deposition,
      respectively. Although less intense that CIq and C3 deposition, properdin
      deposition occurred in eight of the thirteen skin lesions tested but in only two
      of nine normal areas. C3PA deposition was of greater intensity than was
      properdin, but was seen in only five lesions and three clinically normal areas.
      Seven skin lesions and two normal areas also demonstrated fibrin deposition.
      Although alternate pathway activation is apparent, our findings suggest that the
      classical pathway (CI to C9) is the primary complement pathway involved in SLE
      skin.

PMID- 1096925
TI  - Growth inhibition in normal mammalian melanocytes in vitro.
AB  - Studies on primary cultures of normal adult melanocytes from the ear skin of a
      black strain of guinea-pigs are reported. Melanocytes have a low proliferation
      rate and tend to form cohesive groups on a glass surface. The cells undergo
      division while maintaining close contacts with each other whereas DNA synthesis
      is rare in melanocytes with multiple contacts.

PMID- 1096926
TI  - The junctional zone beneath migrating epidermis.
AB  - The changes that take palce in skin explants in vitro at the interface between
      migrating epidermal cells and dermis have been examined by light and electron
      microscopy and by immunofluorescent antibody techniques. In the first 24 hr
      epidermal cell migration occurred in the absence of any of the usual components
      of this junctional zone. After 48 hr of incubation antigenic determinants of the
      basal zone were detected and basal lamina was demonstrated ultrastructurally. It
      is proposed that migrating epidermal cells do not need a complex and specialized
      junctional zone and that these cells are themselves responsible for the
      elaboration of new basal lamina.

PMID- 1096927
TI  - High dose ascorbic acid in the management of thalassaemia leg ulcers--a pilot
      study.
AB  - Eight patients with beta thalassaemia major suffering from leg ulcers, were
      treated over an 8-week period with 3 g ascorbic acid daily in a controlled double
      blind crossover study. The ulcers of all the patients showed a high rate of
      either complete or partial healing.

PMID- 1096928
TI  - Oral retinoic acid as therapy for congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.
AB  - Oral retinoic acid has been therapeutically beneficial for three patients with
      congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma and one with congenital bullous
      ichthyosifrom erythroderma. Response to therapy was slow but definite with
      suppression of scale formation, marked reduction of painful cracking of the
      underlying epidermis and disappearance of skin irritation. Side effects have not
      occurred. Therapy had to be maintained to prevent recurrence of symptoms.

PMID- 1096929
TI  - Chemical aspects of hair loss and its cosmetological significance.

PMID- 1096930
TI  - The effect of a low calorie diet or a thiazide diuretic on the incidence of pre
      eclampsia and on birth weight.
AB  - A 1200 calorie diet or cyclopenthiazide with potassium was given to two groups of
      51 high weight gain primigravidae and baby weight and the incidence of pre
      eclampsia were compared with those in a matched control group.  There was no
      difference in the development of pre-eclampsia, but the weight of babies in the
      control group was higher than in the treated groups.  The body fat was reduced in
      the diet group and the total body water in the diuretic group.

PMID- 1096931
TI  - Oral malignant melanoma.
AB  - Sixty-five cases of oral malignant melanoma are reviewed, comprising 53 cases
      taken from the literature and 12 unreported cases.  The classification of tumours
      on clinical and histopathological grounds is suggested to be comparable to that
      for cutaneous melanoma.

PMID- 1096932
TI  - Sequence homology of the mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA cistron in different
      organisms.
AB  - Sequence divergence of the mitochondrial leucytl-tRNA cistron in several
      eukaryotes has been examined by RNA-DNA hybridized. Rat mitochondria Leucyl-tRNA
      was hybridized with rat, mouse, guinea pig, monkey, chicken, and yeast
      mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNA) immobilized onfilters. Hybridization was carried out
      in 50% formamide (Tm -12degrees) or in 20% fromamide (Tm -21degrees). melting
      profiles of the hybrids were obtained for evaluation of the extent of base
      sequence micmatching. Under the more stringent hybridization conditions (50%
      formamide, Tm -12degrees), only mouse and quines pig mtDNAs hybridized with rat
      mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA. The Tm's of the heterohybrids were depressed by 2 and
      9 degrees, respectively. Under less stringent hybridization conditions (Tm-21
      degrees), monkey mtDNA also hybridized, and the Tm was depressed by about 15
      degrees. Chicken and yeast mtDNAs did not form specific hybrids with rat
      mibochondrial leucyl-tRNA under these hybridization conditions. Mitochondrial
      leucyl-tRNA sequences in different eukaryotes appear to be conserved to a less
      extent than cytoplasmic rRNA, 5S RNA, or hemoglobin mRNA sequences.

PMID- 1096933
TI  - The interaction of heavy meromyosin and subfragment 1 with actin. Physical
      measurements in the presence and absence of adenosine triphosphate.
AB  - Viscosity, turbidity, and laser-light fluctuation autocorrelations of acto-heavy
      merymyosin (HMM) and acto-subfragment 1 (S-1) solutions were measured under
      conditions where the actin-activated ATPase is close to its maximal value. The
      results were compared to similar data obtained in the absence of ATP where the
      actin and myosin fragments were completely domplexed, and in the presence of ATP
      but at 0.1 M KLC where the actin and HMM or S-1 were almost completely
      dissociated. It was found that at maximal actin activation, the viscosity,
      turbidity, and autocorrelation data were all much closer to the values for the
      completely dissociated systems than to the values for the completely complexed
      systems. Assuming that viscosity, turbidity, and autocorrelation measurements
      approximate a linear measure of binding between actin and HMM or S-1, the results
      suggest that at maximal actin activation less than 10% of the HMM or S-1 are
      bound to the actin. Therefore as was suggested previously by ultracentrifuge and
      kinetics studies, it appears that under conditions of maximal actin activation,
      most of the HMM and S-1 occur in a refractory state unable to bind to actin.

PMID- 1096934
TI  - Identification of a unique ethidium bromide binding site on yeast tRNAPhe by high
      resolution (300 MHz) nuclear magnetic resonance.
AB  - The binding of ethidium bromide to yeast tRNAPhe has been studied by high
      resolution (300 MHz) proton nuclear magnetic resonance. Under appropriate
      experimental conditions one ethidium bromide is bound to each tRNA and two
      resonances from ring NH protons are shifted upfield. These observations taken in
      conjunction with the low-field spectrum of yeast tRNAPhe show that the unique
      ethidium bromide binding site is located between base pairs AU6 and AU7 of the
      amino acid acceptor stem. This information should be of value in understanding
      the way in which ethidium bromide binding alters the biochemical properties of
      the tRNA molecules.

PMID- 1096935
TI  - Kinetic evidence for the obligatory formation of a 30S initiation complex in
      polyphenylalanine synthesis initiated with N-acetylphenylalanyl-5RNA.
AB  - The problem of whether the initiation of bacterial protein synthesis involves the
      obligatory formation of a 30S initiation complex intermediate was examined in a
      model system with N-acetylphenylalanyl-tRNA as initiator 5RNA nad poly(uridylic
      acid) as mRNA. The time courses of the formation of the 30S and 70S initiation
      complex with Escherichia coli ribosomes were measured simultaneously by stopping
      the reaction with dextran sulfate and differentiating the N-acetylphenylalanyl
      tRNA bound to 30S ribosomal subunits from that bound to 70S ribosomes with RNase
      I, which hydrolyzes N-acetylphenylalanyl-tRNA bound to 30S subunits but not that
      bound to 70S ribosomes. A maximum in the 30S complex concentration was observed
      within the first 10-15 sec of the reaction, whereas 70S complex formed formed
      more slowly with a slight initial time lag. When an analog computer was
      programmed with rate constants determined separately for the formation of the 30S
      initiation complex from preformed 30S complex, kinetic curves very similar to the
      empirical curves were obtained for the entire time course of the reaction. The
      results show clearly that formation of the 70S complex obeys the kinetic laws for
      consecutive reactions, and the 30S complex is, therefore, an obligatory
      intermediate in the initiation of polyphenylalanine synthesis in the model
      system.

PMID- 1096936
TI  - The isolation and characterization of nuclear ghosts from cultured HeLa cells.
AB  - Macromolecular complexes, which appear as ghosts when viewed by phase contrast
      microscopy, have been isolated from the nuclei of HeLa cells grown in culture.
      The preparation of these ghosts involves a detergent wash which removes the unit
      membranes of the nuclear envelop structure but leaves intact both the nuclear
      pores and the dense structure conferring nuclear margins (possibly the dense
      lamella). Detergent-washed nuclei are subsequently treated with 0.5 M MgCl2 and
      fractionated on continuous sucrose gradients containing 0.5 M MgCl2. The ghosts
      are recovered as a sharp band at an apparent sucrose density of 47-52% and
      consist of 72% protein, 10% phospholipid, 14% DNA, And 4% RNA. The release of the
      majority of intranuclear components is indicated by the large loss of nuclear DNA
      (95%), RNA (71%), and protein (87%) contrasted to the small loss of phospholipid
      (27%) druing the conversion of detergent washed nuclei to isolated ghosts. Sodium
      dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel patterns of the ghost proteins consist of two
      major bands with approximate molecular weights of 20,000 and 35,000. The
      isolation of ghosts with a similar density and protein composition from
      nondetergent-washed nuclei indicates that the ghost is not an artifact induced by
      the detergent treatment. The absence of cytoplasmic contamination in the
      preparations of detergent washed nuclei and nuclear ghosts was demonstrated by
      chemical, enzymatic, and electron microscope studies. We suggest that the
      isolated ghosts represent a structural macromolecular complex which underlies and
      is probably attached to the inner nuclear membrane of intact nuclei. The possible
      additional presence of intranuclear network proteins has not been excluded.

PMID- 1096937
TI  - Incorporation of fluorotryptophans into proteins of escherichia coli.
AB  - A tryptophan-requiring strain of Escherichia coli can go through two doublings of
      optical density after L-tryptophan is replaced in the medium by 4
      fluorotryptophan, during which the fluoro analog displaces approximately 75% of
      the L-tryptophan in cell protein. One doubling occurs in the presence of 5- or 6
      fluorotryptophan, with 50-60% replacement of L-tryptophan by analog. When beta
      galactosidase is induced at the time of addition of analog, it reaches 60% of the
      control specific activity in the presence of 4-fluorotryptophan, 10% of normal in
      the presence of 5- or 6-fluorotryptophan. Lactose permease activity is 35% of the
      control in the presence of 4- and 6-fluorotryptophan, less than 10% in the
      presence of 5-fluorotryptophan. D-Lactate dehydrogenase shows a specific activity
      twice that of the control in the presence of 4-fluorotryptophan, one-half with 5-
      or 6-fluorotryptophan. Thus fluorotryptophan can be incorporated into proteins
      and affect their activities, although the nature and magnitude of the effect
      cannot be predicted for any given enzyme. Such substituted proteins should be
      useful for the study of protein structure and function by 19F nuclear magnetic
      resonance and other techniques.

PMID- 1096938
TI  - Cooperative interactions in hybrids of aspartate transcarbamylase containing
      succinylated regulatory polypeptide chains.
AB  - Succinylated derivatives of the regulatory subunit of aspartate transcarbamylase
      of Escherichia coli were prepared by treating the intact enzyme with succinic
      anhydride followed by dissociation of the modified protein into catalytic and
      regulatory subunits which were separated by ion exchange chromatography. The
      succinylated regulatory subunits were used in hybridization experiments with
      native subunits to study the organization of the six regulatory polypeptide
      chains in the intact enzyme. Rapid mixing of succinylated and native regulatory
      subunits with native catalytic subunits yielded a four-membered hybrid set of
      reconstituted enzyme-like molecules; hence, the assembly process involves three
      regulatory combining units and the six regulatory polypeptide chains in the
      intact enzyme must be arranged as three dimeric subunits. When the modified and
      native regulatory subunits were incubated together for only brief periods (less
      than 1 min) followed by the addition of catalytic subunits, the resulting hybrid
      set was complex with no resolution of discrete species. Apparently the isolated
      regulatory dimers dissociate readily and reversibly into single polypeptide
      chains due to relatively weak intra-subunit bonding domains. In contrast, after
      reconstitution of enzyme-like molecules, the incorporated succinylated regulatory
      subunits did not exchange with free subunits. Enzyme-like molecules containing
      three extensively succinylated regulatory subunits show reduced binding of the
      inhibitor, CTP, and lack both the homotropic and heterotropic effects
      characteristic of native aspartate transcarbamylase. Preparations containing only
      slightly succinylated regulatory subunits showed only little inhibition by CTP
      and considerable cooperativity. The decrease in homotropic effects in these
      reconstituted molecules correlated with the reduction in the succinate-promoted
      change in the sedimentation coefficient. Reconstituted enzyme-like molecules
      containing regulatory subunits which had been extensively succinylated in the
      presence of CTP retained their binding capacity even though they were only
      slightly inhibited by CTP and exhibited reduced cooperativity. Hybrid molecules
      containing both native and succinylated regulatory subunits also possessed
      reduced allosteric behavior.

PMID- 1096939
TI  - Proton magnetic resonance studies on the conformation of the hexanucleotide,
      GmpApApYpApsiP, and Related fragments from the anticodong loop of baker's yeast
      phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acid.
AB  - A hexanucleotide, GmpApApYpAppsiP, and 11 related compounds from the anticodon
      loop of Baker's yeast tRNA-Phe were studied by proton magnetic resonance from 100
      to 250 MHz. Totally 19 resonance lines from all the base protons (H8, H6, and
      H2), H1', and methyl proton resonances of the hexamer have been assigned by a
      systematic "incremental procedure" in comparing all the related shorter
      fragments. Emphasis is given to the Y base and its stacking conformation with
      respect to its nearest neighboring bases. The results reveal a strong tendency of
      the purine bases to have a maximal extent of base-base overlap with their
      neighbors in the sequence. This tendency is manifested in a zigzag (or balcony
      like) mode of base-stacking pattern of the -ApYpA-sequence in the hexamer in
      which the -pA-residue tends to stack toward the adduct ring (C10, C11, and N12)
      of Y. This tendency is also shown in the formation of a stack of GmAAA closing
      the gap left behind by the excision of Y in the hexamer GmpApAp--pApp. The
      implication of these findings to the structure and function of tRNA is discussed.

PMID- 1096940
TI  - The binding of complementary oligoribonucleotides to yeast initiator Transfer
      RNA.
AB  - Oligoribonucleotide binding to baker's yeast initiator tRNA was measured by
      equilibrium dialysis in order to determine which regions of the tRNA were free to
      bind complementary oligomers and which were involved in secondary and tertiary
      structure. Association constants of trinucleoside diphosphates and
      tetranucleoside triphophates complementary to the single-stranded regions of the
      cloverleaf structure of yeast tRNAfMet were measured at o degrees in 1.0 M NaCl,
      and 0.01 M MgCl2. The only regions of the tRNA whose complementary oligomers
      bound to the tRNA were the amino acid acceptor end and the five nucleotides at
      the 5' end of the anticodon loop. These results differ from those for the other
      tRNAs studied by this technique; usually oligomers complementary to the
      dihydrouracil loop bind to the tRNA. The sequence of yeast tRNAfMet and other
      eucaryotic initiators is unusual. The "TpsiC loop" contains the sequence A-U-C
      instead of T-psi-C, yet the binding pattern to the THE TpsiC LOOP IS LIKE THAT
      FOR OTHER TRNAs; no oligomers bind.

PMID- 1096941
TI  - Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli. Stoichiometry of ligand binding
      and half-of-the-sites reactivity in aminoacylation.
AB  - The tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli binds only 1 mol of tRNA,
      tyrosine, and tyrosyl adenylate per mol of enzyme dimer. However, like the enzyme
      from Bacillus stearothermophilus, once one active site is occupied by tyrosyl
      adenylate the other becomes accessible to bind a further molecule each of
      tyrosine and ATP. Both bacterial enzymes show biphasic kinetics with respect to
      tyrosine in the aminoacylation of tRNA. Equilibrium dialysis experiments show
      that this is due to 2 mol of tyrosine binding in the presence of ATP and tRNA. A
      method is given for a correction for the effects of hydrolysis of the charged
      tRNA on the aminoacylation kinetics.

PMID- 1096942
TI  - Demonstration of two reaction pathways for the aminoacylation of tRNA.
      Application of the pulsed quenched flow technique.
AB  - A rapid mixing and quenching device is described which operates efficiently in
      the range of 150 msec to several minutes as well as the usual time scale of 5-150
      msec of the conventional apparatus. This has been used to measure the initial
      rate of acylation of tRNATyr by the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli
      during the first turnover of the enzyme, and also the rate constants of the
      partial reactions of amino acid activation and transfer to the tRNA. It is shown
      that at saturating conenctration of tRNA the reaction proceeds by a ternary
      complex mechanism. The rate-determining step is either the aminoacyltion process
      or a step preceding it. At low concentrations of tRNA the reaction proceeds by
      the stepwise process of formation of tyrosyl adenylate followed by acylation of
      the tRNA. The rate constants for these partial reactions are faster than that for
      the ternary complex reaction. But the prior binding of tRNA greatly decreases the
      rate of tyrosyl adenylate formation. Both pathways are probably important at
      physiological concentrations. 88% of the tyrosine from the tyrosyl adenylate
      complex is transferred to tRNA. The presence of added tyrosine and ATP reduces
      this to 78%. However, the addition of aliquots of ATP to a mixture of enzyme,
      tyrosine, and a saturating concentration of tRNA (i.e., ternary complex
      conditions) leads to at least 0.97 mol of tRNA being acylated/mol of ATP
      hydrolyzed. Trapping experiments show that the 12% of adenylated that is not
      transferred to tRNA is hydrolyzed on the enzyme rather than expelled into
      solution.

PMID- 1096943
TI  - Fragments of bovine serum albumin produced by limited proteolysis. Isolation and
      characterization of tryptic fragments.
AB  - Several fragments of bovine serum albumin have been isolated following limited
      tryptic hydrolysis and their positions then determined in the bovine serum
      albumin sequence published by J. R. Brown ((1975), Fed. Proc., Fed. Am. Soc. Exp.
      Biol. 34, 591). When bovine serum albumin was coupled to palmityl-aminoethylamino
      agarose and digested with trypsin, two fragments were obtained: (a) peptide 115
      184, containing the highly aromatic disulfide loop 3 of Brown's model, and (b) a
      larger fragment, residues 377-581, containing disulfide loops 7-9. This fragment
      constitutes the third of the three domains of the albumin molecule. From bovine
      serum albumin digested in solution, peptide 115-184 was again obtained, as well
      as (c) a 39,000-dalton fragment identified as residues 198-581, loops 4-9 of the
      second and third domains, but with a long, tryptophan-containing segment 204-238
      missing from loop 4. The ability to isolate these fragments without cleaving
      disulfide bridges is partial confirmation of the proposed model of bovine serum
      albumin as a series of nine independent loops.

PMID- 1096944
TI  - Difference in pyruvate kinase regulation among three groups of yeasts.
AB  - Yeast pyruvate kinase (ATP : pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase EC 2.7.1.40) was
      classified into three groups based on the interaction with fructose-1,6
      bisphosphate. The pyruvate kinases of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces
      carlsbergensis were activated by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate in the concentration
      range tested (up to 10 mM) of the substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate; the enzymes of
      "fermentative Candida" (Candida tropicalis and Candida utilis) were affected by
      fructose 1,6-biphosphate only when the substrate concentration was below 2 mM.
      Although the pyruvate kinase of Candida lipolytica (a yeast belonging to
      "oxidative Candida") was also affected by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, the degree
      of the activation was extremely small as compared with the above four yeasts. The
      pyruvate kinase of C. tropicalis was inhibited by ATP more strongly in the
      absence of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate than its presence. In the case of the C.
      lipolytica enzyme, however, the enzyme was inhibited to a lesser extent by ATP,
      and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate did not reverse the inhibitory effect of ATP. Time
      course changes of the enzyme levels in the yeasts grown on glucose and on ethanol
      indicate that the pyruvate kinases of S. cerevisiae and C. tropicalis can be
      controlled both by an allosteric mechanism and by changes in the enzyme
      concentration, although a marked difference was observed in the susceptibility to
      the allosteric effect by fructose 1,6-biphosphate  between these fermentative
      yeasts. On the other hand, that of C. lipolytica would be controlled only by the
      latter mechanism.

PMID- 1096945
TI  - Isolation, chemical and immunological characterization of two strongly basic
      nuclear proteins from human spermatozoa.
AB  - Human spermatozoa were solubilized by treatment with urea/guanidine and
      fractionated by ion-exchange chromatography with Bio-Rex 70 resin. Four fractions
      were obtained. The acidic proteins pass unretarded, whereas the moderately basic
      and two strongly basic protein fractions are eluted by means of guanidine
      gradients. The main protein components of the strongly basic protein fractions
      have been isolated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50. The purified proteins have
      been named human sperm protamine 1 and 2. They contain 47 and 51 aminoacid
      residues (mol. wt 6280 and 6840), of which 22 and 24 are arginine and 5 and 4 are
      half cystine residues, respectively. The electrophoretic mobility in
      urea/polyacrylamide gels is between that of calf thymus histone and salmon
      protamine. Human protamine 1 and 2 are both auto-antigens as has been detected by
      a quantitative immunofluorescence inhibition test.

PMID- 1096946
TI  - Determination of UTP and ATP pool sizes in human tonsillar lymphocytes by using
      Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.
AB  - The present paper describes a rapid, specific and sensitive method for
      quantitating ribonucleoside triphosphates (ATP and UTP) in cell extracts. The
      principle of the method is based on the synthesis of a ribonucleotide polymer in
      the presence of UTP, ATP and poly(dA-dT) as template. A method for calculation is
      also described, making the determination of UTP and ATP pool sizes in the cells
      possible under the same experimental conditions. The calculation takes into
      account the isotope dilution effect caused by the intracellular ATP. Our
      experiments show that the neutralized perchloric acid soluble fraction of human
      tonsillar lymphocytes contains no inhibitors for the RNA polymerase test.
      According to our results, this cell extract contains 80 pmol of UTP and 340 pmol
      of ATP per mug RNA.

PMID- 1096947
TI  - Analysis of the breaking sites in the physical degradation of DNA.
AB  - The 3'-termini of procaryotic and eucaryotic DNA fragments obtained by shearing,
      sonication and irradiation have been analyzed. Analysis of the 3'-ends of DNA
      fragments was done by 32-P-labeling with terminal transferase, hydrolysis of
      products by spleen DNAase and spleen exonuclease and separation of labeled 3'
      terminal nucleotides on polyethyleneimine plates. In the case of sonication the
      deviation from DNA base composition of 3'-terminal nucleotides is very close to
      random for Escherichia coli and Haemophilius influenzae DNA, whereas for calf
      thymus, mouse and yeast mitochondrial DNAs a significant increase in dA and
      decrease in dC was observed. Shearing at high salt released random 3'-termini in
      E. coli DNA and 3'-termini with 4 to 6% deviation from base composition in calf
      thymus DNA. In the case of gamma-irradiation no real differences have been found
      between E. coli and calf thymus DNA and 3'-terminal nucleotide composition is
      very close to random. Mechanical breakage of eucaryotic DNA seems to release 3'
      termini having a composition which differs slightly but significantly from the
      average base composition of the DNA.

PMID- 1096948
TI  - Physiological transition of a coliphage lambda DNA replication.
AB  - The "rolling-circle" replicative intermediate (sigma-type molecules) which is
      normally produced in the late stage of coliphage lambda DNA replication can be
      found during the first round of lambda DNA replication if cells infected with
      lambda replication mutant Ots28 are incubated at the nonpermissive temperature
      until the late stage of the latent period of lambda infection. After shifting to
      the permissive temperature, the vast majority of replicating forms are sigma-type
      rolling circle even during the first round of DNA replication. Concatemeric
      lambda DNA molecules, produced from these sigma-type intermediates, are
      efficiently packaged into progeny phage, indicating that in the first round of
      lambda DNA replication, double-branched theta-type molecules are not required for
      production of viable progeny phage.

PMID- 1096949
TI  - The mode of action of griseoviridin at the ribosome level.
AB  - The antibiotic griseoviridin binds to the larger subunit of Escherichia coli
      ribosomes blocking the interaction between the 3' terminal end of peptidyl-tRNA
      and the donor site of the peptidyl transferase centre. Griseoviridin inhibits
      binding of chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, lincomycin, erythromycin and
      streptogramin A to bacterial ribosomes. Moreover griseoviridin protects the
      ribosomal binding site of gougerotin from the drastic conformational changes
      taking place in the presence of ethanol. Griseoviridin is also able to interact
      with eukaryotic ribosomes as shown by its effects on  model systems and on
      anisomycin, trichodermin and gougerotin binding studies. Nevertheless,
      griseoviridin affinity for the 80-S type ribosomes (yeast or human) is two orders
      of magnitude smaller than with E. coli ribosomes. The inhibitory spectrum and
      mode of action of griseoviridin on ribosomes is compared to that of antibiotics
      of the streptogramin A group and found to be essentially the same.

PMID- 1096950
TI  - Bacteriophage phi X174 DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli HF4704S (dnaHts) cells.
AB  - The DNA synthesis of bacteriophage phiX174 in Escherichia coli HF470S, a mutant
      temperature sensitive in the initiation of DNA replication (dnaHts), has been
      examined. In HF4704S cells, phiX174 can grow normally at 27 degree C whereas the
      phage cannot grow after the cessation of DNA synthesis of the host cells at 42
      degrees C. Upon infection, phiX174 DNA can be injected into the host cell and the
      parental replicative form can be formed, but the progency replicative form cannot
      be synthesized at 43 degrees C in the absence of host DNA synthesis. The progency
      replicative form cannot be synthesized at 27 degrees C in the presence of 30 mug
      chloramphenicol/ml in the host cell which has been incubated for 74 min at 43
      degrees C followed by transfer to 27 degrees C in the presence of 30 mug
      chloramphenicol/ml. When 30 mug chloramphenicol/ml is added later than 5 min
      after the temperature shift-down to 27 degrees C, the progency replicative form
      synthesis is not inhibited. Thus, the host cell function, for which the gene dnaH
      is responsible, has been shown to be essential to the progency replicative form
      production.

PMID- 1096951
TI  - The ATP-dependent DNAase from Escherichia coli rorA: a nuclease with changed
      enzymatic properties.
AB  - The ATP-dependent DNAases from Escherichia coli wild-type and rorA were isolated
      and purified and their enzymatic properties were compared. The enzymes were found
      to differ in the amount of ATP that is consumed during DNA degradation. This
      difference can be influenced by the reaction conditions and the nature of the
      substrate.

PMID- 1096952
TI  - Partial degradation of transfer RNAs by different preparations of snake venom
      exonuclease.
AB  - The degradation of yeast tRNASer with eight different exonuclease preparations
      from four snake venoms was investigated. The reaction products were separated on
      polyacrylamide gels containing 7 M urea. Patterns of sharp bands were obtained
      which were more or less similar. Two tRNA fragments were characterized by
      oligonucleotide analyses, one of which was tRNA degraded by the exonuclease up to
      the beginning of the T-phi-C-stem. The other one was generated by the additional
      loss of several nucleotides from the 5'-terminus. The formation of the latter
      fragment was very probably caused by an endonuclease activity in the exonuclease.
      The endonuclease contaminant, which was found in all preparations, was further
      investigated by experiments with modified tRNAs whose 3'-terminus should be
      resistant to exonuclease (tRNASer-A, tRNASerOX-red). With 3'-AMP as substrate no
      phosphatase activity was found under the conditions of tRNA degradation. Not only
      in tRNASer, but also in yeast tRNATyr and tRNAAla as well as in fragments of
      tRNASer and tRNAPhe, the degradation by exonuclease was inhibited at the
      beginning of the T-phi-C-stem. The finding of such a retardation site in addition
      to the general retardation of exonuclease digestion after removal of the C-C-A
      sequence may indicate that retardation at certain elements of secondary structure
      is a more general feature of degradations by this enzyme.

PMID- 1096953
TI  - 30 S pre-ribosomal RNA of Escherichia coli:primary and secondary processing.
AB  - The metabolism of newly-formed labeled 30 S pre-ribosomal RNA was studied in the
      Escherichia coli mutant strain AB301-105. Detailed kinetic analysis in rifampicin
      treated cells showed that precursors of 23 S and 16 S rRNA are formed from the 30
      S RNA species, even in phosphate-limited cultures. To establish the order fo
      segments along 30 S pre-rRNA, it was allowed to accumulate in replicate
      chloramphenicol-treated cultures, and pulse-labeled after the addition of
      rifampicin in segments that progressively contained more 3'-distal label with
      time. The purified RNAs from the various cultures were then cleaved to a limited
      extent by RNAase III; the specific activity of the fragments yielded an order
      from the 5'-end of 17.5S-X-25S, where X refers to some of the sequences released
      as additional small fragments. More extensive treatment the 25-S and 17.5-S pre
      rRNA chains with RNAase III yielded additional fragments and produced RNA species
      with the mobility of the 23-S and 16-S RNA precursors made in normal cells
      treated with chloramphenicol. A processing scheme is suggested that distinguishes
      between early, site-specific cleavage of recognition sites in the RNA itself
      ('primary processing'), and later, "secondary processing' reactions. The
      secondary processing reactions are blocked chloramphenicol-treated wild-type
      cells.

PMID- 1096954
TI  - Purification of biosynthetic threonine deaminase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Biosynthetic threonine deaminase (L-threonine hydro-lyase (deaminating), EC
      4.2.1.16) was purified to apparent homogeneity from cell extracts of Escherichia
      coli by chromatographic procedures using valine-Sepharose, isoleucine-N
      hexamethyleneamine-Sepharose, and hydroxyapatite with an overall yield of 40%.
      Analytical ultracentrifugation shows a molecular weight of 214 000. In sodium
      dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, the enzyme migrates as a single band
      corresponding to a molecular weight of about 50 000. These data confirm that the
      enzyme is a tetramer. The sedimentation coefficient, s-020,w, determined by
      differential sedimentation experiments is 9.2 S. The enzyme shows absorption
      maxima at 415 and 280 nm. Determination of pyridoxal phosphate by three
      indenpendent methods shows the presence of two molecules of pyridoxal phosphate
      per enzyme molecule, the different methods being in excellent agreement
      equilibrium dialysis experiments establish the presence of two isoleucine binding
      sites. The Scatchard plot suggests non-cooperativity of these sites. The
      association constant for isoleucine is 1.2 - 10(5)M-1.

PMID- 1096955
TI  - Anthranilate synthetase-anthranilate 5-phosphoribosylpyrophosphate phosphoribosyl
      transferase from Salmonella typhimurium. Inactivation of glutamine-dependent
      anthranilate synthetase by agarose-bound anthranilate.
AB  - Exposure of the anthranilate synthetase-anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase
      enzyme complex (chorismate pyruvate-lyase (amino-accepting) EC 4.1.3.27 and N-(5
      phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate pyrophosphate phosphoribosyl-transferase, EC
      2.4.2.18) from Salmonella typhimurium to agarose-bound anthranilate led to the
      slow inactivation of glutamine-dependent anthranilate synthetase activity, an
      activity dependent on protein-protein interaction in the enzyme complex. Region I
      of phosphoribosyltransferase, the location of the enzyme complex glutaminase
      activity, is the site of alteration. Phosphoribosyltransferase and NH3-dependent
      anthranilate synthetase activities and trypto phan regulation of
      phosphoribosyltransferase were unaffected by the anthranilate matrix. The
      molecular weight (280 000) and subunit molecular weight (62 000) of the enzyme
      complex eluted from an anthranilate matrix were identical to those of enzyme
      complex purified by classical methodology. The enzyme complex could be partially
      protected against inactivation by storiing in 0.1 M L-glutamine or 30% glycerol
      and completely protected by storing in 50% glycerol at -18 degrees C. Evidence is
      presented that the anthranilate matrix acts as a hydrophobic matrix and may be
      binding to and altering a hydrophobic region in the enzyme complex. The
      anthranilate matrix provides a convenient tool for altering a specific region of
      an enzyme complex without covalent modification. At the same time, the results
      demonstrate that affinity matrices are not necessarily innocuous but may subject
      macromolecules to an adverse environment not previously recognized.

PMID- 1096956
TI  - Isolation and initial characterization of glutathione-deficient mutants of
      Escherichia coli K 12.
AB  - The thiol-oxidizing agent "diamide" (CH3)2NCON equal to NCON(CH3)2 was used to
      isolate mutants of Escherichia coli K 12 deficient in the biosynthesis of
      glutathione. A colony-colour technique has been developed for identification of
      colonies of these mutants. Four glutathione-deficient mutants were isolated. They
      show normal growth rates in minimal medium without GSH supplementation,
      indicating that glutathione is not involved in essential metabolic process. In
      one mutant, glutathione synthetase was entirely inactive. Three mutants were
      deficient in gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase; in two of them, this resulted in
      a complete lack of GSH. These mutants were found to be more susceptible than
      their parent strains to a wide rang of chemical agents, but did not show a
      greater sensitivity to X-rays. It must be concluded that the protective role of
      glutathione is only significant when a chemical challenge is present.

PMID- 1096957
TI  - Type III procollagen and collagen in skin.
AB  - A form of collagen, containing three alpha chains of type III, can be extracted
      from foetal calf, calf and rat skin under physiological conditions. This native
      collagen was purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and then was analysed by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis which showed it consisted of several high
      molecular weight components, the size of gamma components and larger species.
      Prior reduction in dithiothreitol dissociated these large polymers into two
      components: the minor one migrated between the alpha1 (I) and alpha2 chains while
      the predominant one migrated between the alpha and beta chains. These two
      monomers were isolated by CM-cellulose chromatography. The minor one, which
      eluted between the alpha1 and alpha2 chains, had a molecular weight of approx. 95
      000; its amino acid composition was similar to that of alpha1(III). The major one
      eluted in the alpha1 region and had a molecular weight of approx. 120 000; its
      amino acid composition, while similar to that of the alpha1(III) chain, differed
      in detail, and it is presumed to be a pro-alpha1(III) chain. Following pepsin
      digestion, the native collagen remained as a disulfide-bonded trimer which
      dissociated into only one component, a1(III), when denatured in dithiothreitol.
      These results suggest that the original, extracted protein consisted primarily
      ofa precursor form of type III collagen. This procollagen did not polymerize when
      heated at 37 degrees C and did not form the usual segment long spacing aggregates
      under suitable conditions. It was not modified by incubation with a purified
      procollagen peptidase preparation. This appears to be the first example of the
      isolation of type III (pro)collagen by extractive methods, without resorting to
      tissue digestion by proteolytic enzymes.

PMID- 1096958
TI  - Reversibility of the affinity labelled-biotin transport system in yeast cells.
AB  - Transport of biotin by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is inhibited by biotynyl p
      nitrophenyl ester. Conversion of the inhibited cells to spheroplasts or simple
      treatment with thiols results in a total restoration of vitamin transport.
      Biotynyl p-nitrophenyl ester-induced inhibition is not due to an intracellular
      accumulation of the vitamin and consequent regulation, but appears to be due to
      specific labelling  of the transport system.

PMID- 1096959
TI  - Proteins of the camel erythrocyte membrane.
AB  - Electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels containing dodecyl sulphate has revealed
      that the major proteins of the camel erythrocyte membrane are similar to those of
      the human and bovine species in both electrophoretic mobility and relative
      abundance. The major difference lies in the major intrinsic membrane protein of
      molecular weight approx. 100 000. In the camel, this protein has a higher
      apparent molecular weight than in the human and bovine species. The very high
      molecular weight water-soluble protein "spectrin" appears to be very tightly
      bound to the camel erythrocyte membrane, and is only partially extracted after
      prolonged low ionic strength dialysis. Total release of spectrin is only achieved
      by means of more drastic treatment such as incubation with urea, guanidine
      hydrochloride, sodium hydroxide of p-chloromercuribenzoate. Concurrent with the
      total release of spectrin, the camel cells undergo a shape change from flat
      ellipsoids to spheres, suggesting an important shape-maintaining role for
      spectrin in the erythrocytes of this species.

PMID- 1096960
TI  - Immunoglobulins and alloantigens on the surface of lymphoid cells.

PMID- 1096961
TI  - Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): molecular biology and clinical significance.

PMID- 1096962
TI  - [Polarization state of the light source and determination of attenuated total
      internal reflection spectra in intact microorganisms].
AB  - The problems are considered of the interaction of linear polarized light current
      with undestroyed microorganisms while recording the spectra of attenuated total
      refraction(ATR) and repeated ATR (RATR). It is shown that proper allowance should
      be made of dichrosim of absorption bands of microorganisms during quantitative
      studies. Peculiarities of obtaining RATR spectra of the linearly polarized light
      source with polarization azinut other than 0 and 90 degrees are considered.

PMID- 1096963
TI  - [Determination of the optical constants of intact microogranisms by the method of
      attenuated internal reflection spectroscopy].
AB  - The problems are considered of the determination of the optical constants
      (dispersion of refraction, n2, and absorption, K, indexes) of strongly dispersing
      biological objects on undestroyed cells of microorganisms (E. coli, strain C-85)
      by the method of repeated attenuated total refraction. The volume of unpacked
      intercellular space and the effect of repeated propagation of the light current
      through measuring elements with high refraction index were taken into account.
      Relationships R, s (n1, n2, O) K were obtained for determining the optical
      constants on the elements with the angle of light current incidence 0=45 degrees,
      made of infrared glass, IRG-24, IRF-24 and of Si and Ge as well. The optical
      constants of bacteria in the region of absorption bands 1660, 1550 cm-1 were also
      determined.

PMID- 1096964
TI  - [Individuality of mannonate and altronate hydro-lyases in Escherichia coli K 12].
AB  - In Escherichia coli, mannonic and altronic hydrolyases act, respectively, on
      mannonate, the intermediate aldonate of the glucuronate branch, and on altronate
      the intermediate aldonate of the galacturonate branch of the hexuronate pathway,
      yielding 2-keto-3-deoxy-gluconate. Our results demonstrate that the two
      hydrolyases are two distinct proteins. First, each hydrolyase shows a different
      induction pattern. In addition, separate constitutive mutants for either
      hydrolyase have been obtained. Second, single mutants negatively affected for one
      of the activities but not the other have been isolated in each case. Third,
      comparative heat inactivation of both activities at 59 degrees C shows mannonic
      hydrolyase to be clearly more thermosensitive than altronic hydrolyase.
      Furthermore the two enzymes also react differently to various effectors. Fourth,
      the two enzymes could be resolved on a DEAE cellulose column into two
      neighbouring but distinct peaks of activity, and a further purification yielded
      two pure hydrolyase fractions each being devoid of the activity of the other.

PMID- 1096965
TI  - Assay in situ of yeast enzymes involved in protohaem synthesis.

PMID- 1096966
TI  - [Purification of beta-lactamases by affinity chromatography].
AB  - Affinity columns able to purifie beta-lactamases have been prepared either by
      linking covalently reversible inhibitors or substrates to agarose beds. The
      enzyme is eluted with a gradient of sodium chloride or released with the
      substrate. This method is a pertinent one for the purification of these enzymes
      and for the study of bacteria harbouring more than one beta-lactamase.

PMID- 1096967
TI  - tRNAs undermethylation in a met-regulatory mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A study of in vivo and in vitro methylation of tRNAs in regulatory mutants
      affected in methionine-mediated repression (eth2, eth3, eth10) has led to the
      following results: 1) The eth2-2 carrying strain presents a great
      undermethylation of its tRNAs of the same order of magnitude as observed during
      methionine starvation of methionine auxotrophs. 2) This undermethylation leads to
      a shift of the tRNAIII met peak on a BD cellulose column, while tRNAIII met peak
      is unchanged. 3) The study of a double mutant strain carrying eth2 and met2
      mutations has shown that this undermethylation is a consequence of the high
      internal pool of methionine. 4) Undermethylation unequally affects the different
      bases and the different tRNA species.

PMID- 1096968
TI  - Sequence diagrams and the presentation of structural and evolutionary
      relationships among proteins.
AB  - Protein sequences mapped on two-dimensional diagrams show characteristic patterns
      that should be of value in visualising sequence information and in distinguishing
      simpler structures. A convenient map form for comparative purposes is the alpha
      helix diagram with aminoacid distribution analogous to the surface of an alpha
      helix oriented so that an alpha-helix structure corresponds on the diagram to a
      vertical band 3.6 residues wide. The sequence diagram for an alpha-keratin, high
      sulphur protein suggests a new form of polypeptide helix based on a repeating
      unit of five which may be an important component of alpha-keratin fibres.

PMID- 1096969
TI  - Translational response of an E. coli "permeabilized" cell system (PCS) to
      hemoglobin messenger RNA.

PMID- 1096970
TI  - The application of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to the study of
      natural and model membranes.
AB  - This review article outlines some potentials and limits of the recent application
      of high resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance technique--coupled to the Fourier
      transformation methods--to the study of biological membranes. Molecular
      arrangement and dynamical structure characters can be assessed at the level of
      individual chemical groups in lipid bilayer regions of natural and model
      membranes, through the determination of physical parameters like chemical shifts,
      spin-lattice (T1) and spin-spin (T2) nuclear magnetic relaxation times. The
      results of some significant experiments carried out on single-wall lecithin
      vesicles as well as on intact natural membranes, are summarized and discussed.
      Useful information can be obtained on the lipid fatty-acid chains thermal
      transition, by comparing two lecithin vesicles of the same size, formed by the
      same host lecithin, but incorporated with different molecular components. In
      particular, T1 and T2 measurements, interpreted in terms of a two- (or more-)
      correlation time theoretical models, are able to demonstrate different degrees of
      motional anisotropy in bilayers formed by mixed lecithins or by mixtures of
      lecithin and fatty acids, possessing moderately different chain lengths [13].
      Chromophore-containing molecules, like chlorophyll [12] or fluorescent probes
      [14] can be located, within few Angstroms, in a lipid bilayer through proton
      chemical shift measurements; in addition the perturbation of the lipid membrane
      structure, as induced by the incorporated probe, is assessed mainly in terms of
      the intramolecular dynamical structure of the host lecithin molecules, by means
      of T1 and linewidth studies. The comparison of the n.m.r. relaxation behaviour in
      intact membranes and in vesicles formed by their extracted lipids may, finally,
      provide indirect information on the lipid-protein intermolecular interactions and
      relative mobility, besides indicating the intramolecular mobility characters of
      the lipid bilayer regions of the membrane.

PMID- 1096971
TI  - Lymphoreticular aggregates in the newborn lung and their relation to intrauterine
      INFECTION and neurospinal dysraphism.
AB  - A survey has been carried out of lymphoreticular aggregates in the lungs of 200
      children, stillborns and dying within 15 days of birth and in a further 21
      children with anencephalus, and controls. Lymphoreticular aggregates occur in
      response to amniotic infection and are found in the 'intrauterine infection
      syndrome'. They are not found in children showing early hyaline membranes. The
      time interval required for the production of lymphoreticular aggregates in the
      human child appears to be at lease 48 h and is probably 72 h before the
      production of well-formed aggregates and this probably applies to both the
      intrauterine and the postnatal state. There is a significant increase in the
      number of lungs showing lymphoreticular aggregates at birth in children in whom
      there is neurospinal dysraphism. In such children there is necrosis of nervous
      tissue into the amniotic cavity and it would seem likely that this material has
      been antigenic to the lung in utero.

PMID- 1096972
TI  - Number fluctuation spectroscopy of motile microorganisms.
AB  - A random-walk model of motility is used to predict the dynamics of fluctuations
      in the number of particles in a small observation volume. The results show that
      number fluctuations provide a measure of the mean swimming speed as well as the
      persistence length. Experimental light-scattering results are presented for three
      strains of Escherichia coli whose motion appears random-walk in nature. For the
      strain with th elongest persistence length, excellent agreement is found that
      theoretical predictions. For the more erratic strains, however, the shape of the
      measured scattered light intensity correlation functions indicates the presence
      of a contribution due to orientational fluctuations.

PMID- 1096973
TI  - Quantitative assessment of thymus-dependent (t)-cell function in human peripheral
      blood.
AB  - A new micromethod for evaluating lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA)
      has been developed and used for the survey of T-cell function in human peripheral
      blood. The results of lymphocyte responses to PHA stimulation in whole blood
      culture were expressed in terms of unit volume of blood (50 mul). This new method
      has eliminated the major uncontrollable factors of conventional methods, and
      appears to be more correlated with the cell-mediated immunity in vivo.

PMID- 1096974
TI  - Some characteristics of human rosette-forming cells.
AB  - Some evidence for identification of human rosette-forming cells as thymus and
      thymus-dependent lymphocytes (T cells) is presented. Application of the rosette
      assay to several clinical conditions including primary immunodeficiency diseases
      indicates the usefulness of this assay in quantitating the number of T cells in
      peripheral blood.

PMID- 1096975
TI  - Selective IgA deficiency---some perspectives.
AB  - The clinical spectrum of IgA deficiency varies from good health to respiratory,
      gastrointestinal, autoimmune and malignant disorders. Evaluation of B lymphocytes
      with surface IgA receptors in this disease reveals cap formation, decreased to
      normal density of IgA receptors, and IgA secretion following pokeweed
      stimulation. Further study of antigen-induced B-lymphocyte phenomena is needed.
      The presence of decreased numbers of T-cell markers in some individuals with IgA
      deficiency suggests a T-"helper" cell defect.

PMID- 1096976
TI  - T-cell deficiency in diGeorge syndrome.
AB  - DiGeorge syndrome is broadly defined as absence or hypoplasia of the thymus due
      to dysmorphogenesis of the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches in early embryonic
      life. Various tests of thymic function have been evaluated in some 19 infants and
      young children with this syndrome. Deficiency of T lymphocytes has been shown to
      occur in the presence of as much as 10 to 20% of the normal amount of
      histologically normal thymic tissue in the partial DiGeorge syndrome.

PMID- 1096977
TI  - Immunodeficiency and autoimmunity.
AB  - The following aspects of autoimmunity and immunodeficiency will be discussed: 1)
      Autoantibodies and autoimmunity and their relationships to human disease and
      particularly to the rheumatic diseases. 2) Relationships between human
      immunodeficiency diseases and autoimmunity including: a) autoimmune disease in
      patients with immunodeficiency; b) arthritis in patients with immunodeficiency;
      c) lupus-like illness in carriers of chronic granulomatous disease; d) occurrence
      of autoantibodies and autoimmunity in relatives of patients with
      immunodeficiency. 3) Immunodeficiency as a basis for human rheumatic or
      autoimmune diseases. The role of immunodeficiency in NZB mouse diseases and human
      SLE. 4) The role of viral infections in autoimmune disease.

PMID- 1096978
TI  - Immune deficiency, autoimmunity and aging.
AB  - Immune deficiency states in man and animals have been observed at all ages---in
      the very young, in adult life and the very old. At all ages there appears to be a
      correlation between immune deficiency and propensity to produce autoantibodies
      and malignancy. Cellular replacement in immunologically deficient mice results in
      correction of immune function and slightly increased survival while selected
      hybridization produces dramatic increases in survival and a delayed onset of
      autoimmune symptoms. Aging is defined in terms of primary and secondary events
      where a hypothetic rate of decline of function, called optimum functional
      longevity, is arbitrarily assigned to the long-lived population. Optimal
      functional longevity is genetically based and controlled by a hypothetic
      longevity homeostasis gene complex which includes Ir genes and genes that control
      endocrine balance.

PMID- 1096979
TI  - T Cells in immunodeficiencies as evaluated by an antihuman T-cell serum.
AB  - An antihuman T-cell has been prepared in rabbits by infecting lymphocytes from a
      patient with Bruton-type agammaglobulinemia and absorption with cultured B
      lymphoblast cells. Cytotoxicity of the antiserum was assayed with peripheral
      blood lymphocytes in the presence of rabbit complement and its specificity for T
      vs B cells was verified. This anti-T-cell serum killed 66% (range 49-78) of
      normal blood lymphocytes. In patients with Bruton-type agammaglobulinemia the
      percentage of cells sensitive to the antiserum was above normal (77-89%), whereas
      it was decreased in some patients with lepromatous leprosy or under
      antilymphocyte globulin therapy.

PMID- 1096980
TI  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE).
AB  - Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a degenerative disease of the
      central nervous system occurring in children and adolescents. The measles virus,
      or a virus closely associated, plays an important role in the disease. SSPE
      appears years after these children have had the measles but still a measles-like
      virus can be found in their brain and in other organs. A certain deficit, still
      to be defined of the cell-mediated immunity as a chronic stimulation of the
      antibody response against the measles virus is documented in SSPE pointing to a
      possible immunologic imbalance in these patients. Studying the possibility of the
      presence of immune complexes in SSPE, immunofluorescent studies of kidney biopsy
      in SSPE patients have been performed. Complement deposits in the glomerular
      basement membrane have been found in most patients. The possible role of immune
      complexes in SSPE is still to be defined.

PMID- 1096981
TI  - Immunodeficiency in leprosy.
AB  - It is known that the impairment of cell-mediated immunity (CM) exists in
      lepromatous leprosy patients. This was shown by 1) delayed skin reaction to
      various test antigens, 2) decreased transformation of lymphocytes by various
      antigens, 3) delayed rejection of skin allograft, 4) decreased migration
      inhibitory fa-tor (MIF) formation, and 5) histologic study of the lymph node. In
      addition to these previous works, we have studied T and B lymphocytes in
      peripheral blood of leprosy patients; T cells by the technic of rosette
      formation, and B cells by staining surface immunoglobulins. The result of our
      study shows decreased numbers of T cells and increased numbers of B cells in
      peripheral blood of lepromatous patients. A the same time, we found that
      allogenic leukocyte infusion treatment reversed T and B-cell abnormalities. We
      know that repeated infusions of allogenic leukocytes dramatically brought about
      improvement of the clinical status of the patients, resolution of skin lesions,
      subsidence of erythema nodosum leprosum reaction, clearance of bacteria from the
      skin and lymph nodes, and reconstitution of peripheral lymph nodes.

PMID- 1096982
TI  - Ataxia-telangiectasia: some historic, clinical and pathologic observations.
AB  - Although an isolated clinical case report was published in 1926 and another in
      1941, ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) was not established as a distinct entity until
      1957, when it was first delineated clinicopathologically. Susceptibility to
      sinopulmonary infection was identified as the main cause of death and as the
      third major component of the syndrome; its heredofamilial nature was documented,
      and it was designated "ataxia-telangiectasia." In a later review of 101 published
      cases, lymphoreticular malignancy emerged as the second most frequent cause of
      death. Although the thymus was found to be absent in the first reported autopsy
      in 1957 and the serum IgA deficiency was first recorded in 1961, A-T was not
      established as an immunodeficiency disease until 1963. Thymic abnormality and
      dysgammaglobulinemia explain the 2 main causes of death, sinopulmonary and
      neoplastic, but the immunodeficiency is probably not the central defect. It does
      not appear to explain either of the 2 main clinical diagnostic keys, the ataxia
      and the telangiectasia, or any of the other seemingly unrealted multisystemic
      facets of this complex disorder. Some of our most provocative long-term clinical
      observations and recent pathologic findings in our series of 9 autopsies are
      discussed.

PMID- 1096983
TI  - immunodeficiency in ataxia-telangiectasia.
AB  - Ataxia-telangiectasia is characterized by endocrine, neurologic, hematologic,
      hepatic, cutaneous and immunologic abnormalities. The immunologic deficiencies
      vary considerably from patient to patient, and in each patient with respect to
      time. The most frequent deficiencies of humoral immunity are diminished or absent
      serum and salivary IgA, diminished or absent serum IgE and impaired antibody
      responses to a variety of bacterial and viral antigens. Deficiencies of cellular
      immunity are commonly found by both in vivo and in vitro analyses. Histologic
      confirmation of these immunodeficiencies is readily observed in the lymphoid
      tissue. The thymus, which may be the seat of the primary abnormality in the
      immunodeficiency syndrome, regularly shows morphologic characteristics of an
      embryonic thymus.

PMID- 1096984
TI  - A spectrum of B-cell differentiation defects.
AB  - The nonparallel relationships between development of classes of B lymphocytes and
      of serum immunoglobulins during ontogeny and in some patients imply: 1) that B
      cell differentiation is discontinuous and 2) that class-specific-controls for
      terminal B-lymphocyte differentiation exist. Three separate defects in B-cell
      differentiation in vivo have been identified using pokeweed mitogen stimulation
      of lymphocytes. B lymphocytes may fail to develop, may develop but lack the
      capacity to differentiate further, or may be normal in both respects. The latter
      result suggests involvement of other cell types in antibody deficiency.

PMID- 1096985
TI  - Development of T and B cells and their functional interactions.
AB  - The development of IgM-, IgG- and then IgA-bearing B lymphocytes is an orderly
      process occurring independently of antigens and T cells. T cells enhance antigen
      induced B lymphocyte to plasma cell differentiation according to the hierarchy:
      IgA greater than IgG greater than IgM. T cells also exhibit antigenindependent
      and dependent stages of differentiation and a functional diversity, perhaps
      attributable to different classes of T cells. New evidence indicates the presence
      of a receptor on T cells for IgM antibody produced by B cells.

PMID- 1096986
TI  - Assessment of the B-lymphocyte population in agammaglobulinemia.
AB  - The population of B lymphocytes was assessed in the blood of 16 patients with
      agammaglobulinemia using immunofluorescence and EAC1423 reactivity as B-cell
      markers. Lymphocytes were fractionated on gradients of bovine serum albumin which
      are capable of separating lymphocytes into B-cell-rich and T-cell-rich
      populations. There was complete absence of B lymphocytes in the majority of
      patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia. Normal or increased numbers of B
      lymphocytes were found in all patients with common variable agammaglobulinemia.

PMID- 1096987
TI  - Use of transfer factor in patients with depressed cellular immunity and chronic
      infection.
AB  - Two patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and a defect in cellular
      immunity received a single injection of dialysable transfer factor from Candida
      positive donors in an effort to reconstitute immunologic function. The transfer
      of cellular hypersensitivity was successful in one of the two patients and was
      monitored by skin tests and MIF production; however, the effect was temporary and
      did not change the clinical course of the patient's infection. The other patient
      did not respond eitherimmunologically or clinically to transfer factor at this
      time, although she did respond subsequently to repeated doses of transfer factor
      and amphotericin B therapy (Pabst and Swanson: Brit. med. J. 2:442, 1972). In
      another instance transfer factor from tuberculin-positive donors was used
      successfully to eradicate an infection in a patient with progressive primary
      tuberculosis and an acquired defect in cellular immunity. The patient had not
      responded clinically or bacteriologically after 7 1/2 months of antituberculous
      therapy, although the organism was shown to be sensitive in vitro to the drugs
      she was receiving. She received 6 doses of dialysable transfer factor over a 3
      month period and during this time she responded clinically, bacteriologically and
      roentgenographically.

PMID- 1096988
TI  - Transfer factor as an approach to the treatment of immune deficiency disease.
AB  - Use of transfer factor in the treatment of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is
      discussed. The clinical experience in treating 2 patients with different clinical
      expressions of the syndrome and their different responses to treatment with
      repeated injections of transfer factor given in conjunction with amphotericin-B
      are reported. Results indicate that this form of therapy is a safe and effective
      way of restoring cell-mediated immunity to Candida and successfully treating some
      patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis.

PMID- 1096989
TI  - Restoration of cell-mediated immune responses with transfer factor.
AB  - Five anergic patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis were given transfer
      factor from donors with positive delayed reactions to Candida. In each recipient,
      the delayed skin reactions of the transfer factor donors appeared in the
      recipients and no recipient developed reactivities not possessed by the donor.
      Prior to injection of transfer factor, in vitro stimulation of the patients'
      lymphocytes with antigens did not result in MIF production, however, after
      transfer factor this response was positive. Therapy with transfer factor alone
      did not have therapeutic benefit, however, in 2 patients treatment with
      amphotericin-B followed by transfer factor has produced cutaneous remissions of
      18 months.

PMID- 1096990
TI  - Transfer factor II: results of therapy.
AB  - Transfer factor is a dialyzable extract of sensitized leukocytes, which transfers
      reactivity from skin test-positive donors to skin test-negative recipients.
      Transfer factor supplied by our laboratory has been used therapeutically to
      induce cellular immunity in 78 patients around the world. Many patients received
      multiple doses of transfer factor ranging from 1 unit given every 6 months for 3
      years to 1 unit every week for 6 months to as much as 8 units per week for a
      brief period. A total of 299 units of transfer factor have been given. Diseases
      in which transfer factor appeared to cause improvement include the Wiskott
      Aldrich syndrome, severe combined immunodeficiency disease, mucocutaneous
      candidiasis, chronic active hepatitis, coccidioidmycosis, dysgammaglobulinemia,
      Behcet disease, aphthous stomatitis, linear morphea, familial keratoacanthoma and
      malignancy.

PMID- 1096991
TI  - T and B markers in immunodeficiencies.

PMID- 1096992
TI  - Interactions in immunodeficiency.

PMID- 1096993
TI  - Relation of lymphoid system and hormones to aging.
AB  - Congenital deficiencies of developmental hormones, such as growth hormone and
      thyroxine, are responsible for the thymus-dependent immunodeficiency disease
      observed in dwarf mice. Such an immunodeficiency state is associated with early
      aging phenomena. This fact suggests that lymphoid cells and primarily T-derived
      cells are involved in the control of aging processes.

PMID- 1096994
TI  - Potentiating effect of fetal thymus on fetal liver cells for the promotion of
      recovery from the radiation injury in murine allogenic radiation chimeras or a
      little bit of thymus goes a long, long way.
AB  - Lethally irradiated CBA (H-2k) mice were treated with small numbers of liver
      cells from strain-A (H-2a) fetal donors. Recovery from the radiation injury was
      dependent upon the dose of liver cells administered. Giving very small numbers of
      fetal thymus cells, in addition to liver cells, had a highly significant and
      salutary effect on survival. The results suggest that clinical transplantation of
      liver cells from a single fetus might succeed if thymus cells are added.

PMID- 1096995
TI  - Developmental immunity in the piglet.
AB  - Germfree colostrum-deprived piglets are immunologically "virgin" and extremely
      susceptible to microbial infection due to lack of passive maternal immunity. They
      are, however, highly immunologically competent as determined by their excellent
      immune response to various antigenic stimulation. The results suggest that
      antigen is the sole inducer of specific antibody formation and support the
      hypothesis that the initial step in the "true" primary immune response involves
      priming of multipotential uncommitted immunocompetent cells ("virgin" X cells) to
      committed monopotent cells (Y cells), and that Y cells proliferate and
      differentiate into antibody-forming cells (Z cells).

PMID- 1096996
TI  - Congenital neutropenia: impaired maturation with diminished stem-cell input.
AB  - Children with congenital neutropenia (Kostman disease) present a syndrome of
      recurrent and eventually fatal bacterial infections. The disease is uniformly
      lethal and the mean age at death is 24 months. To attempt to better understand
      the nature of this inborn error, we have studied marrow and peripheral blood of 3
      children with the disease. Along with classic morphologic analysis we have used
      the technic of soft agar bone marrow culture in vitro. All 3 patients showed
      marked deficiency of numbers of neutrophils in the peripheral blood, intermittent
      monocytosis especially with infection, and predominant nitroblue tetrazolium
      (NBT) dye staining in monocytes during infection. The marrow of all 3 patients
      showed evidence of maturation arrest at the promyelocyte stage and very few or no
      neutrophils. Two cases showed no neutrophils in the Rebuck skin window
      inflammatory study. The 3rd case, however, developed small numbers of neutrophils
      in the peripheral blood, up to 6%, but the first 2 patients, although studied on
      many occasions, did not show neutrophils above 1%. Evidence from soft agar
      culture of bone marrow in 1 patient was compatible with the view that development
      of committed neutrophil stem cells is defective. This patient did not develop
      neutrophils in soft agar culture and showed loose colonies developing only to
      promyelocytes. In the 2nd case, where depression of neutrophil development was
      somewhat less severe clinically, culture of the marrow in soft agar yielded
      normal neutrophil colonies and none of the loose colonies showing arrested
      maturation were seen. These findings suggest that the basic mechanism underlying
      the congenital neutropenias may differ from patient to patient.

PMID- 1096997
TI  - Intracellular abnormalities of leukocyte function in man.

PMID- 1096998
TI  - Human thymus-derived rosette-forming cells and immunologic diseases.
AB  - This paper describes some studies done on the human lymphocytes that bind to
      normal sheep red blood cells in a rosette formation. On the basis of human fetal
      studies and investigations of markers for B cells, it is demonstrated that
      rosette-forming cells are valid markers for T cells. These cells were looked at
      in various immunologic diseases. A modification of the basic technic, one that
      detects subpopulations of lymphocytes, was mainly used. Results correlate closely
      with the cellular immune status of the patient.

PMID- 1096999
TI  - Immunoglobulin metabolism in disease.
AB  - Immunodeficiency and hypogammaglobulinemia are shown to occur by a variety of
      pathophysiologic mechanisms. Hypogammaglobulinemia may be caused by decreased
      synthesis of all classes of immunoglobulins, or may involve defective synthesis
      of selective classes of immunoglobulins. Alternatively, hypogammaglobulinemia may
      be due to a disorder of endogenous catabolic pathways of a single immunoglobulin
      class, or of all immunoglobulin classes. Finally, hypogammaglobulinemia may be
      caused by excessive loss of immunoglobulins into the urinary or gastrointestinal
      tracts.

PMID- 1097000
TI  - Platelet size in man.
AB  - The shape and parameters of platelet size distributions were studied in 50 normal
      persons and 97 patients in order to test the proposed thesis that platelet size
      heterogeneity results mainly from aging in the circulation. This thesis was
      contradicted (1) by size distributions of age-homogeneous, newly-born cell
      populations which were lognormal with increased (instead of decreased) dispersion
      of volumes and (2) by the macrothrombocytosis found in some populations with
      normal age distribution. For these reasons, thrombocytopoiesis appeared to play
      the major role in determining platelet size. A model was built in which the
      volume variation of platelet territories due to megakaryocyte growth and membrane
      demarcation at each step of maturation was a random proportion of the previous
      value of the volume. This model explains the lognormal shape of both newborn and
      circulating platelet size distributions. It  also implies that (1) the mean and
      standard deviation of platelet logvolumes depend on the rates of volume change of
      the individual platelet territories (growth rate minus demarcation rate) as well
      as on megakaryocyte maturation time; (2) platelet hyperdestruction causes an
      increase in the mean and dispersion of the rates of territory volume change; (3)
      Mediterranean macrothrombocytosis and some hereditary macrothrombocytotic
      thrombocytopenias or dysthrombocytopoieses reflect a diminished rate of territory
      demarcation, and (4) platelet size heterogeneity is caused mainly by the
      variations in territory growth and demarcation and not by aging in the
      circulation.

PMID- 1097001
TI  - The development of vertebral bone marrow of human fetuses.
AB  - The development of the bone marrow of the thoracic vertebrae in seven human
      fetuses ranging from 95 to 150 mm in crown-rump length (CRL) was studied using
      light and electron microscopy. In the 95-mm CRL, hypertrophy of the chondrocytes
      occurred in the central region of the vertebrae, and blood vessels penetrated
      there from dorsal and ventral sides of the vertebral body. The primary marrow was
      represented by liberated cartilage lacunnae, occupied by the thin-walled blood
      vessels and a few mesenchymal cells and mononuclear cells containing granules or
      vacuoles (GMC). In the 99-mm CRL, chondroclasts were active in removing the
      cartilage near the central region of the vertebrae. Consequently, a large cavity
      was formed and occupied by a dilated sinus. GMC were numerous. Osteoblasts and
      osteocytes were increased in number. Reticular cells with long processes
      containing large amounts of glycogen began to appear in the extravascular space
      and formed the loosely arranged cellular meshwork of the hematopoietic
      compartment. Bundles of collagen fibrils were scattered in the meshwork.
      Hematopoietic cells were recognizable only in the 105-mm-CRL fetus and increased
      in number in the 120-mm-CRL fetus. The sinus endothelium was very thin and
      continuous without apertures except where blood cells crossed the wall. The
      developing blood cells lying against the outside of the sinus endothelium
      indented it. At points, collagen fibrils attached to the outside of endothelial
      cells and appeared to function as the anchoring filaments of lymphatics. The
      physiologic implications of the association of stromal cells, vascular sinuses,
      and hematopoietic cells are discussed in relationship to the microhematopoietic
      environment of the bone marrow.

PMID- 1097002
TI  - Regeneration of blood-forming organs after autologous leukocyte transfusion in
      lethally irradiated dogs. I. Distribution and cellularity of the bone marrow in
      normal dogs.
AB  - Marrow cellularity in adult beagles (1-2 yr old) is highest in centrally located
      bones, with values between 8000 and 12,000 nucleated cells per sq mm. It
      decreases gradually towards the peripheral parts of the body, reaching values
      below 1000 per sq mm in bones distal to the elbow and knee. The first tail
      segment always contains some active marrow. The fifth segment has only stromal
      elements. In spongy bones fat cells appear to be distributed at random among the
      blood-forming elements. In the middle part of the femur the fatty marrow
      predominates in the center of the cylinder, while the subendosteal area is very
      cellular. The proximal and distal ends of the femur are more cellular than the
      middle. The small standard deviation of the cellularity in the spongy bones of
      the trunk and in the proximal and middle part of the humerus makes these sites
      areas of choice for quantitative studies of marrow regeneration. The large
      variations in cellularity of the marrow in the radius and tibia of young adult
      dogs make these sites unsuitable for such studies. The distribution of active and
      fatty marrow in dogs is similar to that of humans. The differential count of
      active marrow is quite constant between different dogs and in the various sites
      of each animal.

PMID- 1097004
TI  - Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with focal onset unsuccessfully treated with
      amantadine.

PMID- 1097003
TI  - Genetic activity of 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, a widely-used fumigant.

PMID- 1097005
TI  - President's page.

PMID- 1097006
TI  - Proceedings: Evaluation of regional ventilation from the 133Xe-washout, using a
      small computer.

PMID- 1097007
TI  - Proceedings: On-line measurement of extra vascular lung water in man with gamma
      emitting tracers.

PMID- 1097008
TI  - Proceedings: Regional ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

PMID- 1097009
TI  - Proceedings: Influence of secretolytic agents on mucociliary clearance in
      bronchitics.

PMID- 1097010
TI  - [Validation of a new method for measurement of pulmonary blood volume (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The pulmonary blood volume (Q) can be measured by dye injection in the pulmonary
      artery (PA) and in the left atrium (LA) and by sampling in the brachial artery
      (double injection - single sampling method). We propose to replace the injection
      in the LA, for which a left heart catheterization is needed, by a pulmonary wedge
      injection (PW). No significant difference was found between the first and the
      second method in twenty-four measurements in six anesthetized and artificially
      ventilated dogs kept in steady hemodynamic state : QPW (1) equals 0.009 + 1.106
      QLA (r equals 0.935). The results are independent of the capillary injection
      site. In man, the indirect validation was made by unilateral occlusion of a main
      pulmonary artery, allowing blood volume measurement of the occluded lung by two
      methods, one of them independent of the "capillary" injection. The results of
      both methods are comparable and highly correlated (r equals 0.86). The range of
      the values of pulmonary blood volume in sixteen normal supine subjects, at rest,
      was similar to that of other authors, whichever the technique they used (394 plus
      or minus 114 ml, 268 plus or minus 59 ml m-2). The reproducibility of the results
      was comparable. In five subjects, pulmonary blood volume did not change during a
      moderate muscular excerise in the supine position (57 watts). The pulmonary wedge
      injection in man can replace the LA injection of the double injection - single
      sampling method, without loss of precision nor effect on reproducibility.

PMID- 1097011
TI  - Proceddings: The effect of autotransplantation of one lung on the regulation of
      respiration in the dog.

PMID- 1097012
TI  - Fifth Gaddum Memorial Lecture, University of Bristol, September 1974, The glycine
      synaptic receptor in the mammalian central nervous system.

PMID- 1097014
TI  - Proceedings: Dissociation of bacterial pyrexia from prostaglandin E activity.

PMID- 1097013
TI  - Myocardial failure with altered response to adrenaline in endotoxin shock.
AB  - 1 There is a growing concensus that myocardial performance in the early stages of
      experimental endotoxic and septic shock is relatively normal; however, recent
      reports have identified an intermediate phase of shock when myocardial
      dysfunction is clearly apparent.2 The mechanism of dysfunction has become a
      subject of intense investigation. A current view is that altered myocardial
      responsiveness to circulating catecholamines may play an important role in the
      dysfunction observed after endotoxin administration. The present studies, in
      which an isolated working heart preparation of the dog was used, were designed to
      test this hypothesis. This particular experimental preparation was selected to
      provide an adequate interpretation of results; cardiac output, afterload, and
      concentrations of adrenaline reaching the coronary vascular bed were controlled
      in all experiments. Responses to infusions of adrenaline were recorded in the
      ;steady-state' condition. Control (non-shocked) heart responses to adrenaline
      were highly reproducible in terms of inotropic, chronotropic and coronary
      vascular behaviour.3 Results from the study document myocardial dysfunction
      within 4-6 h following an LD(70) endotoxin administration on the basis of
      increased left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP), decreased cardiac
      power and myocardial efficiency, and depressed negative and positive dP/dt
      parameters.4 Findings suggest significantly altered responsiveness of the
      myocardium to infused adrenaline at rates of 1, 2, and 5 mug/min with
      concentrations between 10 and 1 ng/ml blood. LVEDP was elevated while calculated
      power and efficiency parameters remained significantly below control values
      during infusion of adrenaline in endotoxin-treated hearts. Depressions of
      responsiveness were interpreted to occur on the basis of failure to restore
      positive and negative dP/dt to normal values and depressed coronary blood flow
      responses during adrenaline administration. Increases in coronary flow were
      regularly less in experimental hearts than the controls. Heart rate responses to
      adrenaline in both failing and non-failing hearts were identical.5 In conclusion,
      it is suggested that myocardial contractile and relaxation characteristics and
      coronary vascular responses to adrenaline infusion are depressed in endotoxin
      shock during the period of demonstrated myocardial dysfunction. No distinct
      causal relationships were observed between the altered myocardial responsiveness
      and pathogenesis of heart dysfunction since myocardial dysfunction and altered
      responsiveness to adrenaline were generally observed together. Myocardial oedema
      formation after endotoxin as previously reported by this laboratory may bear a
      relationship to the depressed negative dP/dt response to adrenaline.

PMID- 1097015
TI  - Letter: Speech disorder, partial syndrome of Gilles de la Tourette, and drug
      therapy.

PMID- 1097017
TI  - Proceedings: Quantitative aspects of computeer assisted tomography.

PMID- 1097016
TI  - Magnification and subtraction in positive contrast examination of the internal
      auditory recess.

PMID- 1097018
TI  - Proceedings: EMJ scanning in relation to other investigations of the brain.

PMID- 1097019
TI  - Proceedings: Tomometry--experience of 1,200 CT-scans with the siretom.

PMID- 1097020
TI  - Letter: Modification of radiation effects on cells by membrane binding agents-
      procaine HC1.

PMID- 1097021
TI  - The natural history of renal and ureteric calculi.
AB  - In a prolonged follow-up of a series of 416 patients at The London Hospital Stone
      Clinic it was found that recurrence could still occur even as long as 10 years
      after the first stone, though this risk decrease slowly year by year. Recurrence
      is seldom related to hypercalciuria or urinary infection except when infection is
      caused by or associated with B. proteus in women. Claims for the value of any
      form of therapy for stone disease must be evaluated against the background of the
      natural history of lithiasis.

PMID- 1097022
TI  - Calculus pyonephrosis with Candida albicans infection.

PMID- 1097023
TI  - A clinical evaluation of hydrostatic pressure treatment for carcinoma of the
      bladder.
AB  - A small clinical series of patients treated by hydrostatic bladder dilatation is
      reported. The methods used, the complications and technical difficulties
      encountered are described. 4 patients out of 14, who had a complete course of
      treatment are free of any further tumour 12 months later, which in the context of
      their previous progress is a considerable improvement. These 4 patients did not
      appear to have any particular feature which, on clinical assessment, would have
      allowed us to be more selective in applying this treatment.

PMID- 1097024
TI  - Proceedings: the urological case histories of Nicolas Tulp.

PMID- 1097025
TI  - Proceedings: a bacteriological and clinical assessment of a new drug-oxolinic
      acid.

PMID- 1097026
TI  - Proceedings: the siting and techniques for stomas in ileal conduits in
      myelomeningocoele children.

PMID- 1097027
TI  - Orthotopic liver transplantation utilizing a vascular stapling instrument.
AB  - A technique of orthotopic liver transplantation in the pig is described in which
      the main feature is the accomplishment of four of the five anastomoses by the use
      of the Vogelfanger NRC vascular suturing instrument. The advantage of this
      instrument is the rapid accomplishment of safe leak-proof anastomoses.

PMID- 1097028
TI  - Renal transplantation in the unimmunosuppressed pig: an abnormal response.
AB  - A series of 82 kidney allografts and autografts in unimmunosuppressed pigs
      surviving for longer than 5 days has been compared with a previously reported
      series of 24 unimmunosuppressed pig kidney allografts. In the previous series 40
      per cent survived for longer than 20 days. In the present series only 2 per cent
      of 55 transplants performed in cross-bred pigs obtained from different farms
      survived for longer than 20 days. The major causes of death were unrelated to
      rejection, prinicipally gastric ulcer bleeding. In the further 16 transplants
      between different pure-bred animals (thereby ensuring genetic disparity) the
      ulcer incidence was lowered by a gastro-enterostomy, and 12 per cent survived for
      longer than 20 days. Histological assessment of rejection in the latter group
      revealed 20 per cent with minimal rejection, was considered insufficient to
      account for the death of the animals. Based on the evaluation of 95
      unimmunosuppressed pig kidney allografts in both series, it is concluded that a
      wide and unpredictable range of survival time occurs. Therefore the pig kidney
      allograft model is an unsatisfactory model in which to study immunosuppressive
      regimes. Also the unimmunosuppressed pig appears to show less evidence of kidney
      allograft rejection than the dog, irrespective of genetic disparity. It is
      tentatively suggested that this might be a lesser manifestation of the
      unexplained phenomenon of minimal rejection of liver allografts noted in
      unimmunosuppressed pigs.

PMID- 1097029
TI  - The use of the vas deferens in inguinal herniorrhaphy.
AB  - A new method of repair of inguinal herniae is described using the vas deferens as
      a suture material. It is especially suitable in very large and recurrent herniae.
      Nineteen cases have been operated on in this way with an average of 38 months'
      follow-up. In none has recurrence been noted. It is suggested that the vas
      deferens, so readily to hand, forms a more natural barrier than man-made fibres.
      It may also, in fact, remain biable though this had not, yet, been proved.

PMID- 1097030
TI  - Screening methods for covert bacteriuria in schoolgirls.
AB  - Screening tests for bacteriuria based on two different principles were evaluated
      in1582 schoolgirls aged 5-11 years, and in 26 girls aged 3-16 years attending
      hospitalwith symptomatic urinary tract infection.  Tests for hypoglucosuria,
      performed by a semi-automated fluorometric method and with Uriglox strips on
      early-morning urine samples voided after overnight fasting, gave unacceptably
      high false-negative rates (16.7% and 20.8% respectively).  Oxoid and Uricult
      dipslides were immersed in fresh midstreamspecimens of urine obtained at school
      and read overnight incubation at 37 degrees C. Both gave comparable results, with
      low false-positive rates and no false-negative responses.  The higher cost of
      screening by dipslides was halved by using the "dipstream" technique, which also
      gave no false-negative results.  Its false-positive rate of 13.5% could be
      reduced to 1.8% by disregarding colony counts of 10-8 non-faecal organisms and
      over per litre, which appear unimportant in schoolchildren.  Bacteriuria was
      found in 2.3% of the schoolgirls; 39% of them had symptons, compared with 7.2% of
      the healthy girls, and 25% showed vesicoureteric reflux, which in 17% was
      associated with renalscarring.  Since the natural history of covert bacteriuria
      and its relationship withreflux and scarring remain undetermined further research
      is required.  The dipstreamtechnique offers a simple, reliable, and comparatively
      cheap screening method which could also be applied in general practice.

PMID- 1097031
TI  - Prospective survey of availability of cadaveric kidneys for transplantation.
AB  - A prospective study in Nottingham hospitals, serving 3/4 million population,
      identified 25 potential kidney donors in one year.  Seventeen later died in
      circumstances when kidney donation would have been possible.  Twelve kidneys were
      actually removedfor transplantation out of the possible 34.  The reasons for
      failure to donate kidneyswere either relatives' refusal or a failure of the
      doctors looking after those patientsto consider them as potential donors.  If all
      possible donors had their kidneys removed there would be sufficient available to
      approximately equal the numbers of patients likely to require renal
      transplatation.

PMID- 1097032
TI  - Chronic renal failure in Nottingham and requirements for dialysis and
      transplantfacilities.
AB  - A retrospective study of uraemic patients covering 12 months of 1970 and a
      prospective survey covering six months in 1973-4 is reported for a population of
      almost 3/4million.  The number of patients requiring regular dialysis treatment
      or transplantation or both is considered to be 45 per million of population under
      65, 39 per million under 60, and 29 per million under 50 years of age.

PMID- 1097033
TI  - S. Avery Jones.

PMID- 1097034
TI  - Attempts to programme ovulation with exogenous oestrogens and LH-RH analogue.
AB  - An attempt was made to programme ovulation in women on a predetermined day of the
      menstrual cycle by treatment used to induce ovulation in anovulatory sterility.
      At laparotomy for elective sterilization the ovaries were observed to assess the
      occurrence of ruptured follicles and ovulation. Histological analysis of ovaries
      and endometrium was performed, and ova were recovered from some women. Several
      regimens were tested but ovulation seldom occurred as planned. Clomiphene
      citrate, human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), synthetic luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH), and ethinyloestradiol were ineffective. Human
      menopausal gonadotrophin followed by HCG was more effective, but multiple
      ovulations occurred. When one single injection of a potent long-acting LH-RH
      analogue was given on day 13 of the cycle to 10 women pretreated with
      ethinyloestradiol signs of recent ovulation were observed on day 15 in seven and
      on day 16 in two.

PMID- 1097035
TI  - Histidine supplementation for treatment of anaemia of uraemia.
AB  - The effects of supplemental histidine on the anaemia of 16 chronically uraemic
      patients and 26 patients undergoing maintenance dialysis were assessed. Patients
      were given either L-histidine 4 g/day or placebo for a mean of 17-5 weeks in a
      randomized double-blind controlled study. Haemoglobin and packed cell volume
      increased slightly and to a similar degree in the patients on dialysis receiving
      placebo and histidine, but this change was statistically significant only in
      those on placebo. Plasma histidine rose significantly in the histidine-treated
      patients undergoing dialysis and decreased in the uraemic patients receiving
      placebo. These results suggest that supplementary L-histidine in patients with
      uraemia or patients undergoing maintenance dialysis does not improve anaemia.

PMID- 1097036
TI  - Effects of two types of dietary fibre on faecal steroid and lipid excretion.
AB  - Fibre supplements from wheat bran and sugar cane residue (bagasse) were added to
      the normal diet of volunteers for 12-week periods in a controlled metabolic
      study. Stool weights and stool fat excretion increased on both dietary fibres.
      Bagasse increased the daily loss of acid steroids, but bran failed to affect bile
      acid excretion. Decreased transit time without alteration in faecal flora
      occurred with bagasse. The raised excretion of bile acids and fatty acids failed
      to lower the plasma cholesterol and triglycerides after 12 weeks. Thus different
      fibre sources with variable components have dissimilar metabolic effects.

PMID- 1097037
TI  - Increased frequency of neonatal jaundice in a maternity hospital.
AB  - The frequency of "significant" jaundice of the newborn at this hospital increased
      from 8-1% of all live births in 1971 to 12-1% in 1972 and 15-4% in 1973. This
      coincided with an increased use of oxytocic agents and epidural anaesthetics in
      labour, and a change in the artificial feed given to normal infants. A
      retrospective study of jaundiced infants born in 1972 failed to explain the
      increase in jaundice. Though the use of oxytocic agents was not the direct cause,
      since their use results in the delivery of more infants before 40 weeks of
      gestation it may be a contributory factor. The use of epidural anaesthetics was
      sastically related to the development of jaundice but the nature of the
      association was not clear. Mothers of infants who became jaundiced has a
      significantly higher frequency of poor past obstetric histories, but once again
      the association was not clear. The change in artificial feeds was excluded as a
      possible cause.

PMID- 1097038
TI  - Emergence of group B streptococci in obstetric and perinatal infections.
AB  - A retrospective study of obstetric and perinatal illness due to group B
      streptococci during 1972-4 based on bacteriological referrals from Aberdeen
      Maternity Hospital and Special Nursery disclosed (1) a wide spectrum of maternal
      morbidity, particularly associated with amniotomy and a prolonged rupture
      delivery interval, and (2) the emergence of the group B streptococcus as a major
      cause of serious neonatal infection in infants of low birth weight, often in the
      absence of maternal pyrexia. The group B isolates appeared to show a previously
      undocumented increased resistance to the aminoglycosides gentamicin and
      kanamycin. A prospective study of 369 random deliveries in Aberdeen Maternity
      Hospital showed a group B vaginal carriage rate of 49/1000; a neonatal
      colonization rate of 19/1000; maternal and neonatal morbidity rates of 16 and 2
      7/1000, respectively; and an overall neonatal mortality of 1/1000 live births.

PMID- 1097039
TI  - G. Townsley B.S.C., M.D., F.R.C.S.

PMID- 1097040
TI  - V. K. Summers M.D., F.R.C.P.

PMID- 1097041
TI  - Major-General R. D. Cameron.

PMID- 1097042
TI  - H.J. Hambury.

PMID- 1097043
TI  - I.C. Gilliland.

PMID- 1097044
TI  - Prognosis for infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - Infants with the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome admitted to the
      intensive care unit during January 1972 to September 1974 were reviewed. The
      overall mortality rate for infants whose birth weight was 1000 g or more was
      under 10%, and for those who established spontaneous respiration after birth it
      was less than 5%. The hyperoxia test was not a useful guide to prognosis. It was
      possible on the basis of the infants' ability to establish spontaneous
      ventilation after birth to divide them into two groups. In those who established
      adequate ventilation the mortality rate was 4-5%; in those who did not it was
      57%. This test should be generally applied, since not only does it give an
      immediate guide to the severity of the disease, which is better than that
      provided by birth weight, gestational age, or the hyperoxia test, but it may be
      applied to infants born in and outside a hospital providing neonatal intensive
      care. Improvement in the outlook for infants with a bad prognosis will be
      achieved only by improvements in perinatal care designed to minimize severe
      intrapartum asphyxia in infants of low birth weight.

PMID- 1097045
TI  - Evidence of gentamicin nephrotoxicity in patients with renal allografts.
AB  - Renal damage was assessed by measuring urinary enzyme excretion in 180 patients
      with renal allografts. Thirty-six of these patients were studied during 53
      courses of treatment with antimicrobial agents which was the only antimicrobial
      agent which was associated with an increase in urinary enzyme activity. There was
      usually also evidence of reduced renal function. Renal morphological changes
      similar to those produced by gentamicin in rats were observed in human allograft
      biopsy specimens obtained during gentamicin treatment.

PMID- 1097046
TI  - Double-blind evaluation of mazindol in refractory obesity.

PMID- 1097048
TI  - Letter: Fish farms and botulism.

PMID- 1097047
TI  - Dr. Archibald Arnott: surgeon to the 20th Foot and physician to Napoleon.

PMID- 1097049
TI  - Letter: Screening methods for covert bacteriuria.

PMID- 1097050
TI  - Letter: Miracle cures in Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 1097051
TI  - B.R. Clarke.

PMID- 1097052
TI  - R. McIntosh.

PMID- 1097053
TI  - Studies of neonatal calf diarrhoea. II. Serum and faecal immune globulins in
      enteric colibacillosis.

PMID- 1097054
TI  - Cobalt iontophoresis techniques for tracing afferent and efferent connections in
      the vertebrate CNS.
AB  - In recent years several dye and cobalt iontophoresis techniques have been
      successfully used by invertebrate neurophysiologists for the localization of
      neuron somata and their processes. The cobalt iontophoresis technique has now
      been extended for use in the tracing of nerve fiber pathways and the localization
      of neuron somata in vertebrates. The brain and spinal cord of an animal are
      removed following perfusion with saline, and placed in a dish of cold saline. A
      suction electrode, filled with 300 mM cobalt chloride, is then placed over the
      cut end of the nerve trunk. Cobalt ions are then iontophoresed (by means of a
      voltage divider) within the nerve fibers, along their course. Following
      iontophoresis, the brain is bathed in an ammonium sulfide solution to precipitate
      the cobalt as black cobalt sulfide. The brain is then processed for histological
      procedures. A wide variety of vertebrates has been used, including amphibians,
      reptiles, aves and mammals, with uniform success. The cobalt iontophoresis
      technique presently in use has a wide range of applicability for neuroanatomical
      studies.

PMID- 1097055
TI  - The effects of gonadectomy and gonadal steroids on the activity of hypothalamic
      peptidases inactivating luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH).

PMID- 1097056
TI  - Immunofluorescence staining of astrocytes in vitro using antiserum to glial
      fibrillary acidic protein.

PMID- 1097057
TI  - [Diet therapy for hypercholesteremia  and hypertriglyceridemia. 1st results of a
      campaign for the prevention of atheroscloerosis].

PMID- 1097058
TI  - The role of intubation macro-dacryocystography in management of problems of the
      lacrimal system.
AB  - The Lloyd technique of dacryocystography has been described incorporating
      intubation, distension, macrographic and subtraction techniques. Excellent
      anatomic localization is possible. With this method, logical surgery may be
      planned.

PMID- 1097059
TI  - Role of lysosomal constituents of neutrophils in corneal graft reaction.
AB  - Band 2 protein exists in a firmly bound state in lysosomes, and is released when
      the cells concerned are specifically stimulated. The necessary stimulus can
      originate from different kinds of immunogenic interactions. The objective of this
      study was to determine whether during corneal graft reaction Band 2 protein could
      be detected in the host's cornea and aqueous humour. Band 2 protein was detected
      in the reacting host corneas (8 out of 23 eyes) and the aqueous humours (2 out of
      23 eyes), mainly during the second and third postoperative weeks when parallel
      histological studies showed an accumulation of neutrophils in the graft bed. The
      severity of graft reaction appeared to run parallel to the amount of free Band 2
      protein in the host cornea. After this period, in spite of the presence of a
      large number of neutrophils in the reacting host cornea, Band 2 protein was
      hardly detectable. This study indicates that the necessary stimulus for the
      secretion of Band 2 protein from rabbit neutrophils is present in the early
      stages of corneal xenograft reaction. The presence of the protein in the host
      cornea may be a factor in the development of the vascular response associated
      with the corneal graft reaction.

PMID- 1097060
TI  - Migration of a wooden foreign body into the lens: report of a case.
AB  - A penetrating ocular injury caused by a tree branch resulted in a small
      corneoscleral laceration that healed after primary repair. Post-traumatic
      inflammation persisted and a vitreous mass developed. The mass finally protruded
      through the pupil and touched the posterior cornea. Histologic examination of the
      enucleated eye showed that the lens had been replaced by a wooden foreign body
      that filled the pupillary space and was surrounded by lens capsule. No intact
      lens fibers remained.

PMID- 1097061
TI  - Obituary: Edison Rainey Cunningham.

PMID- 1097062
TI  - A somatomedin assay using normal rabbit cartilage in clinical studies.
AB  - Somatomedin (SM) is a growth hormone (GH) dependent biological growth factor in
      serum. A SM assay, using mechanically sliced discs from young normal rabbit
      costal cartilage was developed and evaluated. This assay is as sensitive and
      precise, while much less laborious and costly, than the hypophysectomized rat
      cartilage SM assay. The elevated serum SM levels in patients with acromegaly
      returned to normal in two patients who were cured, and remained elevated in four
      incompletely treated patients. The low serum SM levels in five GH deficient
      patients were increased to normal after treatment with human GH. SM levels were
      normal in 10 patients with normal GH levels and short stature due to various
      causes. SM levels in serum were very low in patients with chronic renal
      insufficiency; the mean SM level increased significantly after renal
      transplantation, however, it increased only minimally after hemodialysis. SM
      levels were subnormal in 14 patients with sever chronic liver disease. One
      patient with severe acute liver disease had low serum SM levels which increased
      after clinical recovery. These results further suggest that the liver produces
      SM, while the relationship of the kidney and SM is not clear.

PMID- 1097063
TI  - Effect of nitrogen source on carbon metabolism by Azotobacter vinelandii OP grown
      in chemostat and batch culture.
AB  - Azotobacter vinelandii growing under nitrogen-fixing conditions has higher
      specific activities of isocitric and malic dehydrogenase than do cells growing on
      nitrate or ammonia. Results show that the source of nitrogen has an effect on
      carbon metabolism.

PMID- 1097064
TI  - A new method for the isolation of methionyl transfer RNA synthetase mutants from
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Six methionine auxotrophs were isolated from an E. coli K-12 strain which
      required up to 100 times as much methionine for growth as a conventional
      auxotroph. In these mutants the methionyl-tRNA synthetase had an increased Km for
      methionine. The Km value for the mutants ranged from 0.48 to 1.63 mM, compared to
      0.078 mM for the wild type. The Km (methionine) for S-adenosyl methionine
      synthetase was not altered.

PMID- 1097065
TI  - Immunofluorescence of peritoneal phagocytes after infection of mice with L-cell
      attenuated Chlamydia psittaci 6BC.
AB  - Large amounts of particulate antigen of Chlamydia psittaci 6BC attenuated by
      growth in L cells were phagocytized by peritoneal mononuclear phagocytes during
      the 1st h after intraperitoneal inoculation. The phagocytes subsequently
      destroyed the immunofluorescent (IF) properties of the chlamydial antigens. It is
      suggested that the early damage of phagocytes by lysosomal enzymes activation
      induced by chlamydiae contributed to the relatively early disappearance of IF
      antigens from the peritoneal fluids.

PMID- 1097066
TI  - A new method of obtaining zygotes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Experiments leading to a simple method of mass zygote formation in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae are described. This method ordinarily requires only about 3 h of
      incubation, and consistently yielded 55-65% zygotes in seven different crosses
      among six different strains. Matings involving one strain required about 4 h of
      incubation but otherwise the results were comparable.

PMID- 1097067
TI  - Nitrate utilization and growth in biotin-deficient Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - A marked increase in the cellular synthesis accompanied by a decrease in the
      total fatty acid content was observed when Aspergillus nidulans was grown on
      NH4NO3 as a sole nitrogen source, in the medium containing avidin. Because of the
      increased uptake of NH4(plus), the level of NH4(plus), was lowered in the medium;
      as a result there is early uptake and assimilation of nitrate by a biotin
      deficient culture as compared with the normal culture of A. nidulans. At about
      17mM concentration, NH4(plus) repressed the activity of nitrate reductase. The
      regulation of NO3(minus) uptake and its assimilation with respect to the growth
      of A. nidulans have been discussed.

PMID- 1097068
TI  - [Physical and chemical properties of tryptophenases of five species of
      Enterobacteriaceae].
AB  - The molecular weight, sedimentation coefficient, and amino acids composition were
      determined on five tryptophanases (TPases) from Escherichia coli B and E.
      aurescens, Shigella alkalescens, and Proteus vulgaris and P. morganii. These
      TPases have identical sedimentation profile and coefficient (9.6 S), and the same
      molecular weight (220 000). Each enzyme is constituted of four identical subunits
      having a molecular weight of 55 000. The amino acids composition of these TPases
      is very similar, with the exception of P. morganii and P. vulgaris TPases which
      present significative variations in basic amino acids and tryptophan content. The
      species differentiation of the coli group cannot be made on their TPase
      characteristics only, contrary to P. morganii and P. vulgaris which can be
      differentiated between them and from the coli group.

PMID- 1097069
TI  - [Differentiation of tryptophanases of five species of Enterobacteriaceae by
      sulfhydryl groups].
AB  - We have studied the sulfhydryl groups (-SH) on the tryptophanases (TPases) from
      Escherichia coli B. and E. aurescens, Shigella alkalescens, and Proteus vulgaris
      and P. morganii. The coli group and the P. morganii apo TPases have 20 -SH groups
      per mole of enzyme, where as P. vulgaris apoTPase has 16. In coli group TPases,
      there are 16 -SH groups on the mole surface and they are all implicated in the
      activity and the enzyme-substrate bond. Proteus morganii TPase has 8 surface -SH
      groups, 4 of which are implicated in the activity; the remaining 12 -SH groups
      are located inside the mole and take part in the activity and the enzyme
      substrate bond. Proteus vulgaris TPase has 4 surface -SH groups which are
      constructive of the enzyme structure, whereas the 12 remaining -SH groups are
      located inside the mole and take part in the activity and the enzyme-substrate
      bond. It is concluded that Proteus TPases are molecules which have inverted
      quaternary structure in comparison to those of the coli group. The studied TPases
      have four subunits, each of them is constituted of one polypeptidic chain having
      a molecular weight of 55,000.

PMID- 1097070
TI  - Aerobic adaptation in yeast. I. Changes in metabolic intermediates during a step
      down anaerobic-aerobic transfer.
AB  - Early investigation into the mechanism of mitochondriogenesis in the facultative
      anaerobe Saccharomyces cerevisiae used anaerobic-aerobic transitions as model
      systems to study the in vivo assembly of these oxidative organelles. This
      methodology has become entrenched in the early literature and as a result a
      definitive study has been undertaken utilizing this protocol (high hexose,
      complete medium under anaerobic growth transferred to low hexose, minimal medium
      with aerobic environment) to study the altered distribution of various
      metabolites during these transitions. Measurement of all the glycolytic, and some
      tricarboxylic acid intermediates during such a transition has elucidated the
      following points. On a qualitative basis, the metabolic controls prevalent in
      these growing cultures are similar to those identified in yeast under less
      physiological conditions. Also, the effect of anaerobic catabolism, which
      preconditions enzyme and pool levels in the yeast, is of paramount importance in
      determining the events subsequent to oxygen challenge. However, this experimental
      approach has severe limitations and does not lend itself to a clear-cut
      delineation of the events that occur during the process of mitochondriogenesis.

PMID- 1097071
TI  - Aerobic adaptation in yeast. III. Changes in metabolic intermediates during
      anaerobic-aerobic transitions in exponentially growing cultures.
AB  - The changes in mechanism of control and in the mode of metabolism which yeast
      cells undergo when an anaerobic-aerobic transition is imposed on them has
      received much attention. One experimental approach to this type of investigation
      has been a step-down transition. The data from our experiments (cf. papers I and
      II of this series) has shown that this model is too complex to arrive at
      meaningful interpretation. We therefore repeated these measurements of glycolytic
      and citric acid cycle metabolites in cells growing on either glucose or galactose
      media and exposed to exponential N2 yields 02 transitions. This type of
      experiment is designed to examine directly the effect of oxygen challenge.
      Interpretation of this new data shows that the major metabolic control operating
      in the two hexose cultures are different and suggests that adenine nucleotide
      controls glucose cells whereas galactose cell metabolism is controlled by the
      NAD/NADH balance. This concept is discussed.

PMID- 1097072
TI  - Impairment of reactivity to lepromin by mycobacterial antigens related to, or
      identical with, Mycobacterium leprae.
AB  - Three hundred and twenty young children were injected with Bacillus Calmette
      Guerin (BCG) saline, or with one of the mycobacterial cytoplasmic antigens
      related with Mycobacterium leprae. At an appropriate time thereafter they were
      tested for dermal hypersensitivity to the antigens and for reactions to lepromin.
      Whereas all the antigens induced cell-mediated immunity, the incidence and
      intensity of late response to lepromin were significantly reduced in children
      preinjected with the cytoplasmic mycobacterial antigens, as contrasted with
      increased lepromin reactivity in the BCG group and with the findings in saline
      injected children.

PMID- 1097073
TI  - Preparation of a dane core (hepatitis B) antigen from human plasma.
AB  - Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positive plasma, obtained from blood donors,
      was used to prepare an antigen (HBcAg) from the inner core of the Dane particle,
      the larger of the two spherical particles found in the blood in hepatitis B
      infection. The antigen was prepared by a series of centrifugation procedures on
      caesium chloride and sucrose gradients. Dane particle-rich fractions obtained
      from these gradients and concentrated by centrifugation were treated with Tween
      80 to remove the outer coats from the particles. The remaining Dane particle
      cores were recovered by velocity sedimentation on a sucrose gradient.
      Preparations containing the Dane cores were used as antigens in the immune
      electron microscopy and complement fixation tests to demonstrate the specificity
      of HBcAg and lack of fross relationship with HBsAg. HBcAg will be used for the
      study of hepatitis B infections in man.

PMID- 1097074
TI  - Observations on the distribution and ecology of Clostridium botulinum type E in
      Alaska.
AB  - Environmental samples collected along the coastline and from the interior of
      Alaska were examined for the presence of Clostridium botulinum. Clostridium
      botulinum type E was detected in soils from 5 of 12 beaches; in 7 of 115 non
      coastal soil samples; in sediments from six of eight locales; in gills of salmon
      from two fishing areas; and in the feces of 1 of 44 colonic samples from marine
      mammals. The basic biochemical characteristics of the isolates were determined.
      Tube tests for demonstrating gelatin liquefaction proved insensitive with these
      strains, whereas a plate test detected gelatinase in all isolates. The presence
      of multiple nidi and the continual discharge of organic materials into the
      environment may contribute to the perpetuation of botulinum spores by which foods
      prepared form marine animals become contaminated. An emphasis should be placed
      upon the need for measures to reduce environmental contamination, to reduce
      contamination during food preparation, and to alert continually the population of
      the hazard wherever botulism is endemic.

PMID- 1097075
TI  - Multiple-variant design for the enrichment of photosynthetic bacterial
      populations.
AB  - A design for the simultaneous variation of acetate, sulfide, and sulfate
      concentrations in 11 related media is described.  Selectivity of these media by a
      direct enumeration technique in solid culture was compared with that for
      enrichment in liquid culture.  Variation of nutritional parameters resulted in
      the selection of Rhodospirillaceae at initial enrichment concentrations of 0.1 g
      or less of Na2S-9 H2O per litre and Chromatiaceae at 0.1 to 1.0 g of g of Na2S-9
      H2O per litre.  The survival of sulfate-reducing and coliform bacteria indicated
      interdependency of photosynthetic populations with the former and  competition
      with the latter.  Photosynthetic bacteria selectively cultivated in liquid
      enrichment were tentatively identified as Rhodopseudomonas capsulata,
      Rhodopseudomonas speroides.  Chromatium warmingii, Chromatium okenii,
      Thiospirillum, and Rhabdomonas.

PMID- 1097076
TI  - Comparison of several methods for the isolation of salmonellae from egg products.
AB  - Lactose broth and buffered peptone water proved to be equally effective as
      preenrichment media in the isolation of salmonellae from egg products.  With
      tetrathionate bile brilliant green broth, incubated at 43 degrees C as enrichment
      medium, more samples were found to be positive than with selenite cystine broth
      incubated at 37 degrees C or 43 degreesC and selenite brilliant green broth
      incubated at 37 degrees C.  As selective agar, brilliant green agar proved to be
      more reliable than bismuth sulfite agar.  These results indicate that the ISO
      method for the isolation of salmonellae from meat and meat products can be
      successfully used for the examination of egg products.

PMID- 1097077
TI  - Chromosomal location of mutations affecting the regualtion of biotin synthesis in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The chromosomal locations of biotin regulatory mutations, birA, bioR, and dhbB,
      of Escherichia coli are determined by transduction using phage P1.  All mutant
      genes are mapped between bfe and supM.

PMID- 1097078
TI  - Cell surface protein of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Lactoperoxidase-catalyzed radioiodination with Na125I was performed both on
      intact Salmonella typhimurium 1195 and on ghost membrane isolated from the same
      bacterial strain. Ghost membrane was also prepared from radioiodinated whole
      bacteria. The labelled proteins from both these ghost membrane preparations were
      compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl
      sulfate to identify the cell surface proteinmfrom the results obtained it was
      concluded that one major protein with an apparent molecular weight of 1200-1300
      was exposed on the exterior surface of the ghost membrane.

PMID- 1097079
TI  - Kinetics of yeast growth:inhibition-threshold substrate concentrations.
AB  - Two Candida species and a Saccharomyces were grown on ethyl alcohol, acetic acid,
      ethyl acetate, and I-butanol, and their growth rates at a series of
      concentrations of each substrate are reported. Substrate concentrations higher
      than a characteristic threshold substrate concentration Stheta inhibited growth
      in accordance with a new relationship: mu = mumaxS/(k+S) - i(S - Stheta, where i
      is an inhibition constant and the other symbols have their usual meanings.
      Complete inhibition, that is, no growth, takes place when S = Si, the total
      inhibition concentration. Values of Stheta, Si, and i were calculated for the
      examples studied. Also discussed are the observed lag periods and also the
      lowered yields at high substrate concentrations.

PMID- 1097081
TI  - Post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency following chest trauma: identification and
      prophylaxis.
AB  - Post-traumatic pulmonary insufficiency is a syndrome characterized by tachypnea,
      increasing respiratory effort, progressive pulmonary infiltrates and relentless
      progressive hypoxemia. Prophylaxis of this syndrome currently comprises adequate
      treatment and depends upon its early recognition by frequent monitoring of blood
      gases, chest radiograph, and determination of values of circulatory variables.
      Once the syndrome is recognized in its early stages, artificial ventilation, with
      the possible addition of positive end-expiratory pressure, meticulous fluid
      therapy properly monitored, and prevention of infection constitute the hallmark
      of treatment.

PMID- 1097080
TI  - Semiology of Tremors.
AB  - Since the description by Galen in the 2nd Century, A.D., clinical neurology has
      acknowledged the existence of two types of tremor: that which occurs at rest and
      that occuring during the execution of movement. With the help of refined methods
      of analysis, E.M.G. and cinephotography, the authors have carried out a detailed
      clinical assessment in more than 400 patients. The basic criterion used to define
      a tremor was the classical definition of Dejerine: "An involuntary, rhythmical
      and symmetrical movement about an axis of equilibrium." As a result of this
      study, the conclusion has been reached that there are two types of tremor:
      postural tremor and tremor of attitude. Both are present while the limb remains
      immobile, whether by wilful design or when at rest in a position of posture and
      subject only to the action of gravity. During voluntary movement, tremor is not
      present. Irregular, asymmetrical and non-rhythmic oscillations may appear however
      - as in so-called intention tremor, of cerebellar origin - but this abnormal
      movement can hardly be called a real tremor. It is merely a manifestation of
      ataxia. As a consequence of this study, it is suggested that further
      understanding of the basic mechanism of tremor can be reached by the
      investigation of the central neural structures which are involved in the
      physiology of posture and attitude.

PMID- 1097082
TI  - Glimpses of surgical history: D for diathermy.

PMID- 1097083
TI  - Complications of closure of loop colostomy.
AB  - Among 71 patients undergoing loop colostomy closure, one complication or more
      developed after operation in 35. Most of the complications were not serious, but
      there were two anastomotic leaks and two patients died. Some of the complications
      may be prevented by avoiding the use of drains and by packing the skin and
      subcutaneous tissues open with Vaseline gauze. There does not appear to be any
      advantage in using antibiotics in preoperative bowel preparation. A one-layer
      intraperitoneal colostomy closure can be done safely but is frequently associated
      with minor complications.

PMID- 1097084
TI  - Bacterial peritonitis and the bursting strength of intestinal anastomoses.
AB  - In order to study the bursting strength of intestinal anastomoses, resection of a
      wedge of ileum and creation of an anastomosis were performed, and peritonitis was
      induced in five groups of rats. Peritonitis was induced by intraperitoneal
      injection of bacterial suspensions of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas  aeruginosa,
      Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium welchii, and the exteriorized ileal loop in
      each rat was regularly inspected for peritoneal exudation, adhesions, hyperemia,
      obstruction, leakage and bursting strength. All bowel anastomoses performed in
      the presence of peritonitis were weaker than those done in a sterile field
      (control group) and the type of organism influenced the strength of the
      anastomosis and the histopathologic changes; in this study the weakest
      anastomoses were associated with E. coli infection.

PMID- 1097085
TI  - Individuality in disease and therapy.

PMID- 1097086
TI  - Letter: Iliacus hematoma syndrome.

PMID- 1097087
TI  - Letter: Marfan's syndrome and Sherlock Holmes.

PMID- 1097088
TI  - Head and body scanning by computer tomography.

PMID- 1097089
TI  - Letter: Antinucleolar antibodies in reticulum cell sarcoma.

PMID- 1097090
TI  - Computer tomography of the brain in Hamilton.
AB  - Computer tomography, a new noninvasive, rapid and easily tolerated technique of
      brain examination, has been evaluated by analysis of 1000 examinations.  It is
      much more sensitive than conventional radiographic techniques and can resolve
      soft-tissue structures that differ only slightly in density.  It also provides
      direct visualization of the ventricular system.  The range of clinical
      applications is wide; it is especially useful in differentiating intracerebral
      hemorrhage from infarction, and in demonstrating many brain tumours, particularly
      supratentorial, though enhancement with a water-soluble contrast medium injected
      intravenously is often necessary.

PMID- 1097091
TI  - Determination of 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893) plasma levels in rats and man by
      isotope dilution-mass fragmentography.
AB  - A highly sensitive and specific rapid assay for 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in plasma
      samples at concentrations as low as 1 ng/ml was developed using mass
      fragmentography. Highly enriched C14-5-FU was empolyed as an internal standard. A
      two-compartmental open model for the disposition of free 5-FU in plasma is
      proposed. The beta-phase of 5-FU plasma elimination describes the pool size of
      anabolic metabolites, assuming this model is correct. Injections of 5-fu at 15,
      40, and 90 mg/kg in rats resulted in an alpha-phase of elimination from plasma
      with a half-life of 10-18 minutes. The beta-phase could only be measured after
      the injection of 90 mg/kg of 5-FU and amounted to about 20 hours in two rats.
      Higher doses resulted in an unproportional increase in 5-FU plasma concentrations
      in the beta-phase, thus establishing nonlinear kinetics, presumably of the
      degradative metabolism. Plasma concentrations of 5-FU in man were measured after
      oral and intravenous administration of 15 mg/kg of 5-FU. Plasma elimination half
      lives after intravenous doses were 12 minutes and dropped below measurable levels
      2 hours after administration in three patients. After oral administration, peak
      plasma levels of 5-FU varied between 0.8 and 60 mug/ml of 5-FU in three patients
      after 10 minutes to 2 hours. Two of these patients showed rapid absorption and a
      measurable beta-phase of 5-FU plasma elimination possibly indicating a larger
      anabolic pool size of 5-FU-derived nucleosides and nucleotides when compared to
      patients receiving intravenous doses. This study may provide a pharmacokinetic
      rationale to monitor patients receiving 5-FU treatment.

PMID- 1097092
TI  - Clinical trials with 1-acetyl-2-picolinoylhydrazine (NSC-68626) in children.
AB  - Thirty-seven children with various malignant neoplasms were treated with 1-acetyl
      2-picolinoylhydrazine. Complete regressions were documented in one child with
      embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, in one child with generalized histiocytosis-X, and in
      one child with Hodgkin's disease. One patient had renal failure while receiving
      the drug but no conclusive cause and effect relationship could be established.
      Toxic effects otherwise were mild and consisted primarily of nausea and vomiting.

PMID- 1097093
TI  - Adriamycin (NSC-123127) in the treatment of alkylator-resistant multiple myeloma:
      a pilot study.
AB  - Adriamycin was given in a dose of 25-45 mg/m2 of body surface area to nine
      patients with multiple myeloma who had failed to respond to intermittent therapy
      with melphalan and prednisone. Three patients had evidence of clinical remission
      and in two of them there was a 60% decrease in total body myeloma cell number.
      However, remissions were of short duration (3 months in two patients and over 10
      months in another patient) and bone marrow suppression was moderately severe.
      Adriamycin may prove more useful in myeloma therapy when combined with melphalan
      or cyclophosphamide during the initial attempt at remission induction.

PMID- 1097094
TI  - 5-[3,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-triazeno]imidazole-4-carboxamide (NSC-82196) in the
      treatment of childhood malignancy.

PMID- 1097095
TI  - Acute monocytic leukemia in children and its response to vinblastine (NSC-49842).
AB  - Seventeen children with acute monocytic leukemia were treated with (a) vinblatine
      (with or without prednisone), 0.2 mg/kg of body weight twice a week (13
      patients); (b) 6-mercaptopurine plus prednisone patient). Four patients died
      within the 1st week, before having an adequate chemotherapeutic trial, and a
      fifth patient died of spesis at 12 days. Five patients achieved complete
      remissions and two achieved in this study was 41%. For the 13 patients who
      survived more than 1 week, the remission rate was 53.8%. Remission occurred with
      vinblastine inall but one patient. Of the ten patients who recieved more than one
      dose of vinblastine, 60% achieved a remission, indicating that vinblastine is an
      active agent in this rare form of leukemia.

PMID- 1097096
TI  - Phase I. evaluation of cyclocytidine (NSC-145668).
AB  - Cyclocytidine is a repository form of cytosine arabinoside and has a prolonged
      plasma half-life (8 hours) compared to cytosine arabinoside (12 minutes). A phase
      I trail was undertaken to establish the maximum tolerated dose. Nineteen patients
      were entered into the study (ten children, nine adults) and the dose which
      achieved consistent myelosuppression was established in five escalation
      increments as 600 mg/m for 10 days. This dose is consistent with previously
      reported data on the basic pharmacology of cyclocytidine and with optimum dose
      data in aminal tumor systems. Limiting toxicity, however, was related to the
      induction of postural hypotension which is not dose related. Recommendation to
      proceed with phase II studies of cyclocytidine must await clarification of the
      mechanism and prevention of the postural hypotension.

PMID- 1097097
TI  - Evaluation of daunorubicin (NSC-82151) and methotrexate (NSC-740) in combination
      as a remission maintenance regimen in the treatment of acute leukemia.
AB  - The addition of a single monthy dose of daunorubicin (25 mg/m given
      intravenously) to the maximum tolerated dose of methotrexate (25 mg/m/dose given
      orally twice weekly) was evaluated as a maintenance regimen in 0 children with
      acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Seven patients who were nonevaluable were excluded
      from the study; 31 patients received methotrexate alone and 32 patients received
      a combination of methotrezate and daunorubicin. There was no significant
      difference between the distribution of remission times for the two maintenance 
      regimens (medians of 147 and 162 days, respectively). For patients with only one
      previous remission, the median length of remission in this study was
      significantly shorter than that of the original remission time. Despite the known
      myelosuppressive effects of both agents, daunorubicin did not cause additional
      toxicity nor did it interfere with the scheduled methotrexate therapy. Although
      the  addition of daunorubicin to methotrexate does not appear to be beneficial in
      the treatment of acute leukemia, this combination could be evaluated in other
      cancers in which both agents are known to be effective.

PMID- 1097098
TI  - Hepatic arterial infusion for liver metastases from colon cancer: comparison of
      mitomycin C(NSC-26980) and 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893).
AB  - This study compares the effectiveness of hepatic arterial infusion of mitomycin C
      with that of 5-fluorouracil in the management of carcinoma of the colon
      metastatic to the liver. A higher tumor response rate was obtained with 5-FU (ten
      of 12 patients) than with mitomycin C (six of 13 patients). The patients treated
      with mitomycin C had a median survival time of 9.5 months compared to 12 months
      for those receiving 5-FU, but this survival is not much different from that of
      the untreated historical controls. Femoral artery thrombosis requiring surgical
      thrombectomy developed in five of the 30 catheterized patients.

PMID- 1097099
TI  - Adriamycin (NSC-123127) therapy for advanced gastrointestinal cancer.
AB  - Sixty-nine patients with advanced gastrointestinal carcinomas were given
      adriamycin intravenously at a dose level of 40-75 mg/m once every 3 weeks. Toxic
      effects included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomatitis, alopecia, leukopenia,
      thrombocytopenia, and minor ECG changes. There was a slight trend toward move
      severe leukopenia in patients with markedly abnormal liver function test (serum
      glutamic oxaloacteic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase). Of the 57 pateints
      with colorectal cancer treated with adriamycin, four (7%) showed partial
      objective responses. In a controlled comparison of adriamycin versus 5
      fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with previously untreated large bowel carcinoma,
      three of 23 patients (13%) receiving adriamycin showed partial objective
      responses as compared with six of 25 patients (24%) receiving 5-FU. The median
      duration of response with adriamycin was 3 months com pared to over 6 months with
      5-FU. Four of eight patients with gastric carcinoma showed partial objective
      responses. No responses were noted in a small number of patients with pancreatic
      and gallbladder carcinomas. Adriamycin would not seem to have any role in the
      treatment of advanced colorectal carcinoma. Our results, however, would justify
      further evaluation of this agent in gastric carcinoma.

PMID- 1097100
TI  - Intensive cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) therapy for solid tumors.
AB  - Cyclophospamide was given in two dose schedules to 25 patients with a variety of
      nonlymphoid solid tumors. Eleven patients were given 18 courses of
      cyclophosphamide at a total dose of 60 mg/kg. Sixteen  patients received 26
      courses at a total dose of 100 mg/kg. Two patients were treated with both
      regimens. Partial responses were achieved in two patients treated with 60-mg/kg
      dose of cyclophosphamide. One of these patients had osteogenic sarcoma and the
      other had renal carcinoma. The higher dose also produced two partial responses,
      one in a patient with anaplastic carcinom a of the lung and the other in a
      patient with anaplastic carcinoma of the lung and the other in a patient with
      embryonal testicular carcinoma. Mean leukocyte counts fell to a nadir of 1400
      cells/mm after 60 mg/kg while they dropped to below 1000 cells/mm for 5 days
      after 100 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide. Mean platelet counts remained above 150,000
      platelets/mm after both cyclophosphamide schedules. In fective complications were
      documented aftter three of the 18 courses at 60 mg/kg and after ten of the 26
      courses at 100 mg5kg. In the latter group, there were three episodes of
      bacteremia, including one death from pseudomonas sepsis. Nonhematologic toxicity
      noted with the 100-mg/kg dose of cyclophosphamide included rare instances of
      electrocardiogram changes and serum enzyme alterations compatible with myocardial
      toxicity. The intensive cyclophosphamide therapy did not appear to result in an
      increased antitumor response in malignancies usually considered to be refractory
      to alkylating agents.

PMID- 1097101
TI  - Treatment of adenocarcinoma with combinations of cyclopjosphamide (NSC-26271),
      vincristine (NSC-67574), and 5-fluorouracil (NSC-19893).

PMID- 1097102
TI  - Comparative study of methyl-CCNU (NSC-95441) with cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271)
      and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (NSC-45388) with
      vincristine (NSC-67574) in patients with disseminated malignant melanoma.

PMID- 1097103
TI  - Factors influencing augmentation and/or acceleration of lymphoreticular tumors in
      mice by benzo(a)pyrene treatment.
AB  - The response of lymphoreticular tissues to a single i.p. injection of
      benzo(a)pyrene was studied in the first generation of C57BL/6J X C3HeB/FeJ F1 and
      C3HeB/FeJ X A/J F1 mice. Groups of 1-, 15-, and 42-day-old animals of both sexes
      received 75 or 150 mug of the carcinogen per g body weight. After a period of
      approximately 90 weeks, a high incidence (up to 43%) of reticulum cell sarcomas
      was observed in C57BL/6J X C3HeB/FeJ F1 mice treated with benzo(a)pyrene at 40
      days of age. Animals treated with carcinogen at younger ages had a lower
      incidence of reticulum cell sarcomas. These sarcomas showed marked cellular
      pleomorphism and were classified into histiocytic, epitheloid-nodular,
      reticulocytic, and fibrocytic forms according to the predominant cell type.
      Lymphomas of thymic and extrathymic lymphoid origin and leukemia of granulocytic
      type were seen in a descending order of frequency. Control animals of either
      strain that were killed at 90 weeks of age were basically free of lymphoreticular
      tumors, while those kept under observation up to 170 weeks developed these tumors
      in 24% (C57BL X C3H F1) and 10% (C3H X A/J F1), respectively. Studies revealed
      that the augmentation and/or acceleration of development of the lymphoreticular
      neoplasms and specifically reticulum cell sarcomas by benzo(a)pyrene was
      dependent upon the strain and sex of mice used and the age at which the animals
      were exposed to carcinogen.

PMID- 1097104
TI  - Myron r. karon--a tribute.

PMID- 1097105
TI  - Introduction: national cancer institute pancreatic carcinogenesis program.

PMID- 1097106
TI  - Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in azaserine-treated rats.
AB  - Development of a model of carcinoma of the pancreas in rats was approached by
      attempting to identify chemicals that (a) behave as mutagens and (b) localize in
      the pancreas following systemic administration; and then to study the effects of
      long-term administration. Azaserine was selected because it behaves as a direct
      acting mutagen in two bacterial test systems and because tissue distribution
      studies showed concentration especially in kidney and pancreas. Groups of rats
      have been given i.p. injections once or twice weekly for 6 months, and rats have
      been autopsied after 6 to 18 months. During the first year pancreases developed
      (a) nodules of atypical exocrine cells which seem to represent hyperplastic foci
      and (b) encapsulated adenomas. After 1 year most pancreases from treated rats are
      diffusely abnormal and contain many hyperplastic nodules and adenomas, while more
      than one-quarter have had pancreatic adenocarcimona. Metastases have been
      observed in lymph nodes, liver, and lung. No carcinomas or adenomas have been
      observed in control rats. No other organ shows as high an incidence of
      involvement as pancreas, but renal neoplasms were frequent. Studies with another
      chemical O-(N-methyl-N-nitroso-beta-alanyl)-L-serine, are at an earlier stage.
      The tissue distribution of radioactivity following injection of a 14C-labeled
      sample is similar to that of azaserine; however, this compound is not a direct
      acting bacterial mutagen. Rats treated for 6 months twice weekly i.p. have a
      higher incidence of nodules of atypical acinar cells than did controls, although
      the number of nodules per rat is few. No adenomas or carcinomas have been found
      during 13 months of the study. We conclude that azaserine is a carcinogen in rats
      and causes major abnormalities of growth and differentiation of the exocrine
      pancreas, including adenocarcinoma in some rats. O-(N-Methyl-N-mitroso-beta
      alanyl)-L-serine had less effect than azaserine on pancreatic growth and
      differentiation.

PMID- 1097107
TI  - Factors affecting metabolism and mutagenicity of dimethylnitrosamine and
      diethylnitrosamine.
AB  - For exploration of the factors affecting dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) mutagenicity,
      for gathering of information on the metabolism of DMN, a frequently used and
      relatively well-understood carcinogen, and for explanation of metabolic
      variations in DMN carcinogenicity, parallel in vitro assays of the microsomal
      activation of  DMN to a mutagen and of DMN demethylation were performed.
      Salmonella typhimurium G46 reversions to histidine independence increase linearly
      with time of incubation for 30 min. At low concentrations of microsomal protein,
      increases in protein yield a more than proportional increase in mutations.
      Increasing DMN concentration saturates the enzyme, yielding less demethylation
      and fewer mutations proportionately. Mutagenesis is completely inhibited by 1 mM
      2-diethyl-aminoethyl-2,2-diphenylvalerate. When both DMN and microsomal protein
      are varied at high concentrations, there is a simple linear relationship between
      mutagenicity and DMN demethylase activity. Thus DMN demethylase activity may be
      the primary controlling factor in the metabolism of DMN to a mutagen, and
      probably to a carcinogen; other simultaneous pathways of DMN metabolism
      proportional to demethylation have not been ruled out. Induction with both
      phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) increased rat and mouse liver DMN
      demethylase activity. Mouse liver microsomes from the C57BL/6 strain demethylate
      DMN at a markedly lower rate than do microsomes from the C3H strain, but after 3
      MC induction the relationship is reversed. Strain differences in activation of
      DMN were not found in the activation of diethylnitrosamine to a mutagen. Hepatic
      dealkylation of DMN and diethylnitrosamine to active mutagenic metabolites is
      increased in both rats and mice by both 3-MC and phenobarbital induction, which
      is in contrast to the findings of others that 3-MC and phenobarbital induction,
      which is in contrast to the findings of others that 3-MC decreases the incidence
      of DMN-induced hepatic tumors in rats, and phenobarbital decreases the incidence
      of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatic tumors in mice.

PMID- 1097108
TI  - Metabolism of cigarette smoke condensates by human and rat homogenates to form
      mutagens detectable by Salmonella typhimurium TA1538.
AB  - Nineteen fractions of whole condensate of smoke from the University of Kentucky
      Reference Cigarette IRI were tested for mutagenicity in vitro using a bacterial
      indicator system. As little as 25 mug of the active fractions were mutagenic
      toward histidine-requiring Salmonella typhimurium TA1538, if the condensates were
      incubated in the presence of rat or human liver homogenates of lung were
      relatively inactive. Homogenates from livers of rats that had been treated with 3
      methylcholanthrene converted condensates to mutagens more efficiently than did
      liver homogenates from man or from normal or phenobarbital-treated rats. Use of
      homogenates from animals treated with 3-methylcholanthrene gave much more
      reproducible results in smoke fraction assays because larger numbers of
      revertants were obtained, and dose-response curves were linear over the range 25
      to 250 mug condensate. The linear dose-response curves permitted quantitative
      comparison of the various fractions. The mutagenicity per mg of basic fractions
      of whole smoke condensate is very high and that of neutral polycyclic
      hydrocarbons is very low. Because of the exquisite preferential sensitivity of
      the TA1538 test system to polycyclic amines and insensitively to alkyl
      polycyclics, there is a poor quantitative correlation between mutagenicity and
      carcinogenicity, as measured by skin painting or in vitro cell transformation.
      There is substantial evidence that many carcinogens are mutagens but that most of
      these compounds require metabolism before they are biologically active. If
      further development improves the sensitivity of the bacterial testing system to
      mutagenic derivatives of alkyl polycyclic and heteropolycyclic hydrocarbons, it
      may provide a convenient, rapid, quantitative, and inexpensive bioassay for the
      detection of potentially carcinogenic substances in tobacco smoke condensates.

PMID- 1097109
TI  - Quantitative immunofluorescence studies of the tumor antigen-bearing cell in
      giant cell tumor of bone and osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Tumor-associated antigen was found by reacting sera from two patients with giant
      cell tumor of bone with cells derived from their tumors, using autologous serum
      as intermediate reactant and fluorescein-conjugated goat anti-human IgG as final
      reactant. Approximately 40% of the plump, spindle-shaped cells that formed the
      background stroma of these tumors possessed the antigen; however, it was not
      present on giant cells. Fluorescence was much greater than that on similarly
      stained cells from 4 osteogenic sarcomas, suggesting that the antigenic density
      on cells from giant cell tumor was greater than that on cells from osteogenic
      sarcoma. Antibodies in sera from giant cell tumor patients and osteogenic sarcoma
      patients showed specific cross-reactivity. Stromal cells of giant cell tumors
      were established in culture and retained tumor-associated antigen, whereas giant
      cells failed to divide and detached from the flask within two weeks. Intensity of
      fluorescence (antigenic density) decreased with progressive passage levels, but a
      larger percentage of cells showed fluorescence. At the tenth passage, all cells
      bore tumor-associated antigen. Cultured cells that were injected s.c. into mice
      formed progressively growing nodules, the cells of which were morphologically
      indistinguishable from stromal cells of the original tumor; all cells retained
      tumor-associated antigen, but antigenic density had decreased to about one
      seventh of the value found originally. No giant cells were present in the
      nodules.

PMID- 1097110
TI  - Cell-mediated antitumor immunity in breast cancer patients evaluated by antigen
      induced  leukocyte adherence inhibition in test tubes.
AB  - Tumor antigen-induced inhibition of leukocyte adherence was adapted and modified
      for use in glass test tubes for the study of cell-mediated antitumor immunity to
      human adenocarcinoma of the breast. Peripheral blood leukocytes from 40 to 47
      patients with proven breast cancer responded to an antigenic extract of breast
      cancer with significant leukocyte adherence inhibition, whereas only 2 of 32
      controls showed a response. Further, 7 patients with histologically proven benign
      breast disease did not react to the breast adenocarcinoma extract, indicating
      that only breast cancer patients have leukocytes sensitized  to the breast cancer
      antigen. The cell-mediated antitumor response of the breast cancer patient was
      dependent on the stage of the cancer, and patients with disseminated cancer had
      decreased responsiveness. In fact, 4 of 7 breast cancer patients who had no
      response in the assay had disseminated breast cancer. Also, surgery and
      irradiation depressed leukocyte adherence inhibition responsiveness.
      Chromatographic fractionation on Sepharose 4B of the breast cancer extract showed
      that the antigenic component was greater than 10(6) daltons. The responsive cell
      in the assay interacts directly with the tumor antigen, and as a result
      subsequent adherence to glass is inhibited. The assay described is a
      comparatively simple and sensitive technique for demonstrating cell-mediated
      antitumor immunity and appears to be immunologically specific.

PMID- 1097111
TI  - Selective cleavage of glycosidic linkages: studies with the O-specific
      polysaccharide from Shigella dysenteriae type 3.
AB  - Treatment of the O-specific polysaccharide from Shigella dysenteriae Type 3 with
      hydrazine in the presence of hydrazine sulphate resulted in quantitative N
      deacetylation with the formation of a modified polysaccharide containing free
      amino groups.  Oxidation of the modified polysaccharide with periodate did not
      destroy the 2-amino-2-deoxygalactose residues, thus indicating that they were
      substituted at position 3.  Acid hydrolysis of the modified polysaccharide
      afforded 3-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-D-galactose, which was
      identified as the N-acetyl derivative.  Deamination of the modified
      polysaccharide with nitrous acid cleaved the 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranosyl
      linkages to give a pentasaccharide as the major product, which appeared to be the
      modified chemical repeating unit of the O-specific polysaccharide.

PMID- 1097112
TI  - The relationship of hypertension to coronary, aortic, and iliofemoral
      atherosclerosis.
AB  - Evidence from actuarial statistics, epidemiologic studies, and laboratory
      experiments clearly indicates that hypertension has an accelerating effect on
      atherogenesis, and this atherogenesis appears to be a graded function of elevated
      intra-arterial pressure. The fact that atherosclerosis occurs preferentially in
      the abdominal aorta and iliofemoral arteries seems likely to result from the
      pressure augmentation by reflected pulse waves that is intensified by
      vasoconstriction and also by the increase in hydrostatis pressure that results
      from gravitational stress during standing. Vasoconstriction is a characteristic
      of hypertension and occurs also with upright posture. The predilection of the
      coronary epicardial vessels for atherosclerosis seems likely to relate to subtle
      pressure-volume changes in these arteries as a result of this vascular bed being
      in the highest pressure area of the arterial system and because intramyocardial
      arterial branches are completely occluded during systole. The possibility is
      presented that hypertension accelerates atherosclerosis because it is a metabolic
      determinant of the multifunctional arterial smooth muscle cells which have the
      potential for forming collagen and mucopolysaccharides as well as phospholipid.

PMID- 1097113
TI  - [30th anniversary of the liberation of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Army and the
      further development of medical and pharmaceutical sciences].

PMID- 1097114
TI  - [Bohumir Budin, M.D., 1907-1945].

PMID- 1097115
TI  - Metallic copper-induced granulocyte exudation in the study of granulocytopoiesis.
AB  - C3H/HeHa mice implanted with rods of metallic copper (CR) or glass (GR) exudate
      neutrophil granulocytes and mononuclear cells into the site of rod implant
      (peritoneal cavity). Exudation in CR mice is substantially greater than in GR
      animals. In CR mice there is an impressive stimulation of myelopoiesis measured
      in the femoral marrow subsequent to the initial accumulation in the peritoneal
      cavity. Serum levels of colony stimulating activity (CSA), an in vitro
      myeloproliferative stimulating activity, are elevated in such animals, as are
      femoral marrow agarcolony forming cells (CFC). The procedures is useful to the
      study of myelopoiesis and myelopoietic regulatory mechanisms.

PMID- 1097116
TI  - A non-destructive method for measuring intestinal cell transit time.
AB  - Villous exfoliation of intestinal epithelial cells, which had been previously
      labeled in the crypt with 125I-iododeoxy-uridine, can be detected by thyroidal
      accumulation of the liberated 125I-. The latter can be monitored externally. The
      interval between labeled precursor injection and the steep portion of the thyroid
      activity accumulation curve corresponds to the intestinal cell transit time, as
      measured by destructive techniques, in three animal species. The technique allows
      estimations of intestinal cell transit time to be made on an individual basis,
      and can be expeditiously applied to large animals. Very small tracer doses are
      required for detection.

PMID- 1097117
TI  - Influence of castration on incorporation of exogenous peroxidase into "synaptic"
      vesicles of the median eminence. II. The perivascular part of the palisade zone
      in male rats.
AB  - In the median eminence of male rats, nerve profiles in the immediate vicinity of
      portal capillaries have been divided into 4 categories on the basis of their
      vesicular content: profiles a with agranular "synaptic" vesicles of about 50 nm,
      b with similar agranular vesicles and also with granular vesicles of mainly 60
      140 nm, c with granular vesicles alone and d without vesicles. Twenty-four hours
      after castration, the percentage of profiles of category a was significantly
      increased when compared with sham-operated animals, whereas the percentage of
      profiles of category b was significantly decreased. After intravenous injection
      of exogenous peroxidase, especially the nerve profiles located in direct contact
      with the outer basement membrane of the portal capillaries contained peroxidase
      positive "synaptic" vesicles. Injection off peroxidase after castration resulted
      in a significant increase in the percentage of nerve profiles containing both
      peroxidase positive and peroxidase negative "synaptic" vesicles (category a). It
      is suggested that, in certain nerve terminals, castration may lead to release off
      the content of granular vesicles, which may contain gonadotropin releasing
      factor. This release then may cause that nerve terminals with agranular vesicles
      and granular vesicles (category b) change in their vesicular content and are
      therefore classified as terminals with only agranular vesicles (category a). An
      increased turnover rate in the ultrastructurally affected terminals may be
      reflected in increased uptake of exogenous peroxidase. The observations imply
      that certain neurones projecting to portal capillaries in the median eminence
      are, directly or indirectly, sensitive to changes in the level of gonadal
      steroids.

PMID- 1097119
TI  - Encapsulation of implanted foreign bodies by hemocytes in Locusta migratoria and
      Melolontha melolontha.
AB  - Sterile fragments of cellophane, cat-gut, cotton, or beef muscle implanted into
      the body cavity of Locusta migratoria and Melolontha melolontha are immediately
      surrounded by granular hemocytes which form a multi-layered capsule around each
      foreign body. The cytoplasm of the granular hemocytes of the outer zone of the
      capsule in both species shows an accumulation of fibrous material (microtubules
      and microfilaments). None of the implanted material appeared to be degraded.

PMID- 1097118
TI  - Brain tissue transplanted to the anterior chamber of the eye: 3. Substitution of
      lacking central noradrenaline input by host iris sympathetic fibers in the
      isolated cerebral cortex developed in oculo.
AB  - Fetal parietal cerebral cortex was homologously transplanted to the anterior
      chambers of the eyes of adult rats. The transplants got vascularized,
      proliferated, as measured by in vivo stereoscopic inspections, and differentiated
      into brain tissue similar to cortex cerebri in situ and survived for long times,
      greater than 41/2 months. Fibers from the intact sympathetic adrenergic ground
      plexus of the iris were able to innervate the transplants in an organotypic way
      regarding fluorescence morphology, pattern of distribution of the nerve terminals
      and, to a certain extent, density of innervation, the only variable parameter
      being density of innervation. Thus, in unpretreated or MAO inhibited transplants
      only rather few to scattered terminals could be found, while after preincubation
      in 10(-5)M alpha-methyl-noradrenaline the number of visible terminals was normal
      or slightly less than normal, as compared to cortex cerebri in situ. When
      superior cervical ganglia (SCG) were transplanted together with fetal cortex
      tissue to sympathetically denervated eyes the ingrowth in the cortex tissue was
      similar to that after single cortex transplantation combined with 5 day old SCG,
      while a marked hyperinnervation was encountered when combined with adult SCG. It
      is concluded that the developing cortex cerebri, deprived of its normal CNS
      source of adrenergic nerves, is able to receive sympathetic adrenergic nerves
      from the iris in an organotypic way upon transplantation to the anterior chamber
      of the eye.

PMID- 1097120
TI  - Changes in glia-neuron relationships in cell cultures of spinal ganglia caused by
      puromycin.
AB  - Dorsal root ganglia of chick embryos were cultured for one to four weeks on
      Maximow-slides. Puromycin was added to cultures for a pulse of 30' in a dose of
      100 mug/ml medium. Particular interest was given to the ultrastructural features
      of the glia-neuron relations. Puromycin caused a shrinkage of the glial processes
      and consequently the continous glial envelope of the spinal ganglion neurons
      disappeared. These changes of glia-neuron contacts were reversible after a few
      days when puromycin was withdrawn from the medium. The newly formed glial sheaths
      around the neurons were comparable to those in untreated cultures and to those in
      vivo. The effects of an inhibition of protein synthesis caused by puromycin are
      discussed in relation to the effects on the cell motility, on the renewal of cell
      membranes and on the formation of cell contacts in nervous tissue.

PMID- 1097121
TI  - Ependymal absorption of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone injected into the
      third ventricle of the rat.
AB  - LRH injected into the third ventricle induced increases of serum LH and FSH in
      the rat. Following injection of LRH-125I into the third ventricle,
      autoradiographic grains were concentrated in the ependymal cell bodies and
      ependymal processes in the median eminence. Aggregations of grains were also
      found in the capillaries of the portal vessels, and in both sinusoids and
      parenchymal cells of the adenohypophysis. These findings show that the ependymal
      cells represent a link between the cerebrospinal fluid and the portal blood.

PMID- 1097122
TI  - Extra-adrenal chromaffin cells grown in tissue culture.
AB  - 1. Extra-adrenal chromaffin cells from adult frogs were grown in tissue culture
      and their morphology and behaviour observed with both light and electron
      microscopy. 2. Two types of chromaffin cells were distinguished: Type A cells
      contain large, electron dense vesicles (2000-6000 A) and are equated to Type I
      chromaffin cells seen in vivo, i.e. they contain noradrenaline; Type B cells
      contain smaller vesicles (700-2000 A) which are incompletely filled with an
      electron dense material and are equated to Type III chromaffin cells seen in
      vivo, i.e. cells depleted of their catecholamines by stimulation. No cells
      comparable to Types II and IV cells in vivo were seen. 3. Close associations
      between the cultured chromaffin cells and sympathetic neurons were observed with
      the light microscope, but no examples of synaptic structures were seen in the
      material examined with electron microscopy in this study.

PMID- 1097123
TI  - Teratocarcinomas as a model system for the study of embryogenesis and neoplasia.

PMID- 1097124
TI  - Temporal order in yeast chromosome replication.
AB  - Previous work with bacteria has shown that a gene is maximally sensitive to
      mutagenesis by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NG) at the time it is being
      replicated. NG was used to test for temporal order in the replication of the
      genome of the unicellular eucaryote, Saccaromyces cerevisiae. Yeast cells growing
      exponentially were more sensitive to mutagenesis by NG than cells in which DNA
      synthesis had been inhibited. Further, in a synchronized population of cells,
      individual genetic markers exhibited maximum sensitivity to muta-genesis at
      distinct limited intervals within the DNA synthesis period. The peaks of
      sensitivity are interpreted as reflecting the times of replication of different
      genes. Since markers for five genes on four different chromosomes showed discrete
      periods of maximum sensitivity, it is likely that temporal ordering of
      replication exists for most genes in the yeast genome. These results imply that
      sites for initiation of DNA replication occur at fairly specific regions along
      yeast chromosomal DNA moleucles, and are activated at predetermined times in the
      DNA synthesis period.

PMID- 1097125
TI  - [Into the glorious year of 1975 with the 2nd decade of Ceskoslovenska patologie].

PMID- 1097126
TI  - [20th anniversary of Prof. Herman Sikl's death].

PMID- 1097127
TI  - [How can forensic medicine assist historical findings].
AB  - The authors wanted to demonstrate in their present paper that forensic medicine
      and its modern methods can help to elucidate some historical findings not only as
      regards mechanisms of injury but in the first member's of the dynasty of Premysl
      also by evidence of group appurtenance using the two-phase and two-circle system.

PMID- 1097128
TI  - [75th birthday of Prof. Vaclav Svab, M.D].

PMID- 1097129
TI  - Effect of norepinephrine and fluid administration on pulmonary extravascular
      water volume in dogs.
AB  - The effects of norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction on pulmonary extravascular
      water volume (PEWV) and central volume were studied before and after intravenous
      volume expansion with 5% dextrose and water (20 ml/kg body weight). PEWV was
      measured by double isotope dilution and gravimetric analysis and assessed by
      electron photomicrography. Comparisons were made with saline-treated control
      dogs. Thirty-six dogs were studied after they had been anesthetized with sodium
      pentobarbital. PEWV determined by indicator dilution increased during
      norepinephrine infusion, especially after volume expansion; in contrast, PEWV in
      control dogs was constant despite similar increases in pulmonary arterial and
      left atrial pressures. However, measurements of PEWV by gravimetric analysis and
      inspection of electron photomicrographs failed to reveal extravascular
      accumulation of water in vasoconstricted dogs. Thus, it was concluded that the
      increased PEWV measured by indicator dilution in norepinephrine-treated dogs
      compared with that in saline-treated dogs reflects more complete perfusion of
      pulmonary capillaries and access of the diffusible indicator to additional lung
      tissues and spaces. Improved capillary filling presumably is attributable to
      peripheral vasoconstriction and redistribution of blood into the thorax. PEWV
      determined by gravimetric analysis in dogs that had had open-chest procedures for
      lung biopsy and electron photomicrography was significantly less than that in
      dogs with their chests closed throughout the experiments. Although the mechanism
      for the water loss in unknown, the difference must be recognized when the results
      from various types of experiments are compared.

PMID- 1097130
TI  - Estimation of extravascular lung water by indicator-dilution techniques.

PMID- 1097131
TI  - Right ventricular dysfunction detected by gated scintiphotography in patients
      with acute inferior myocardial infarction.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with acute myocardial infarction not complicated by
      cardiogenic shock and ten normal volunteers were studied with gated cardiac blood
      pool scans. The ratio right vetricular area/left ventricular area (RVA/LVA)
      determined from the left anterior oblique end-diastolic scans was examined. The
      ratio was 1.11 +/- .06 in the normal volunteers. In patients with anterior
      infarction the ratio fell to 0.75 +/- .12 (P less than .05) due to left
      ventricular enlargement. In those with inferior infarction the ratio was 1.12 +/-
      .23 which was greater than in those with anterior infarction (P less than .05)
      due to enlargement of both the left and right ventricles. Six patients with
      cardiogenic shock, three with inferior and three with anterior infarction were
      studied. The three with anterior infarction had left ventricular enlargement and
      a decrease in the ratio of RVA/LVA to 0.62 while the three with inferior
      infarction had an increase in the ratio to 2.05 suggesting right ventricular
      dilatation and dysfunction. These studies suggest a high incidence of right
      ventricular dysfunction in patients with inferior myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1097132
TI  - An analytical system for rapid separation of tissue nucleotides at low pressures
      on conventional anion exchangers.
AB  - An analytical anion-exchange procedure has been developed for the rapid
      separation of acid-soluble nucleotides (the so-called "free" or tissue
      nucleotides). It permits assay at low pressures (275-415 kPa; 40-60 psi) in less
      than 1 h on 10-cm columns of Aminex resins (conventional styrene-type anion
      exchangers) with alkaline citrate solutions as the eluent. Separation variables
      have been investigated, to determine optimum conditions for the routine analysis
      of samples containing tissue nucleotides. Also described here is a simple solvent
      extraction procedure for removing HCIO4 or CCI3CO2H quantitatively from cell
      extracts that contain acid-soluble nucleotides: they are removed from aqueous
      acid solutions with a water-insoluble amine dissolved in a water-immiscible
      solvent.

PMID- 1097133
TI  - Determination of hydroxyproline polypeptides in urine and blood serum by gel
      filtration.
AB  - Hydroxyproline-containing polypeptides were isolated from urine by filtration on
      polyacrylamide gel Bio-Gel P-2. This fraction was quantitatively and
      qualitatively similar to the nondialysable hydroxyproline in urines of normal
      adult subjects, patients with chronic uremia, and with primary or secondary
      hyperparathyroidism. Hydroxyproline polypeptides isolated from urines of patients
      with extensive Paget's disease or from normal growing subjects contained a group
      of smaller polypeptides slightly retarded on Bio-Gel P-2 which were not retained
      by the dialysis membrane Spectrapor-TM. In these two groups of subjects the
      values of hydroxyproline polypeptides were 35-45 percent higher than those of
      dialysable hydroxyproline. Increased excretion of hydroxyproline polypeptides was
      found in chronic uremia, primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism, Paget's bone
      disease and in normal growing subjects. With the notable exception of chronic
      uremia the excretion of hydroxyproline polypeptides paralleled that of total and
      oligopeptidic hydroxyproline. In some cases of chronic uremia the polypeptidic
      hydroxyproline represented the predominant fraction. On long columns of Bio-Gel P
      6 hydroxyproline polypeptides separated into several peaks. The chromatographic
      pattern was rather characteristic for chronic uremia, secondary
      hyperparathyroidism, Paget's bone disease and physiological growth.
      Ahydroxyproline fraction of similar chromatographic properties was isolated from
      blood serum after deproteinisation with heat or ethanol at pH 4.8. High serum
      levels of this hydroxyproline fraction were observed in pathological conditions
      with increased urinary excretion of polypeptidic and nondialysable
      hydroxyproline.

PMID- 1097134
TI  - Automated assay of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in normal and pathological human
      urine.
AB  - An automated method for the assay of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in human urine
      is described and a normal range of urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity
      is reported. The automated method has been used routinely over a twelve month
      period in two London hospitals for monitoring the excretion of N-acetyl-beta
      glucosaminidase in renal transplant patients. The abnormal elevation of urinary N
      acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase provides an early warning of rejection by indicating
      the presence of renal parenchymal damage. The automated assay of urinary N-acetyl
      beta-glucosaminidase may also be used in screening for the presence of renal
      disease.

PMID- 1097135
TI  - Sex hormone levels and gonadotrophin release in the polycystic ovary syndrome.
AB  - The response to synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone was studied in
      eighteen patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome. The release of follicle
      stimulating hormone was similar to that found in normal women. The mean response
      of luteinizing hormone was similar to that found in the luteal phase, but
      significantly greater (P less than 0-02) than that found in the early follicular
      phase of the normal menstrual cycle. Basal serum levels of FSH and LH, estimated
      in twenty-five patients, were similar to those found in normal subjects. The sex
      hormone binding globulin capacity was reduced in twenty-four of them. Basal serum
      testosterone levels were elevated in twelve of twenty-two patients and the mean
      level was significantly greater (P less than 0-01) than the mean level of normal
      women. Basal serum androstenecione levels were elevated in nine of twenty-two
      patients and the mean level was also significantly greater (P leess than 0-001)
      between basal testosterone and LH levels. These data suggest the pituitary gland
      of patients with the polycystic ovary syndrome contains adequate amounts of LH
      but that the ovulatory surge of LH which occurs in normal women is inhibited by
      testosterone acting on either the pituitary or, more probably, on the
      hypothalamus.

PMID- 1097137
TI  - The LH response to LH releasing hormone in children with true isosexual
      precocious puberty treated with cyproterone acetate.
AB  - Fourteen girls and one boy with isosexual precocious puberty were submitted to
      LHRH stimulation tests, during and without therapy with cyproterone acetate. In
      addition, fourteen girls with isosexual precocious puberty not receiving any
      therapy were tested and served as controls. It was found that cyproterone acetate
      induces suppression of the responsiveness of the pituitary gland to secrete LH on
      LHRH stimulation. Daily oral therapy was found to be more effective than the
      regimen of intramuscular depot injections. These findings demonstrate that
      cyproterone acetate has an antigonadotrophic effect.

PMID- 1097136
TI  - The effect of oestrogen pretreatment on subsequent response to luteinizing
      hormone releasing hormone in normal women.
AB  - Twenty-two normal, regularly menstruating female subjects had an LHRH test
      performed before and after pretreatment with 0.5 mg, 1 mg. or 2.5 mg of
      oestradiol benzoate during the follicular phase of their menstrual cyclees (days
      4-8). Two further women acted as controls and received no oestrogen; they showed
      identical responses for both LH and FSH release when LHRH tests were performed at
      intervals of 48 h. Oestrogen pretreatment induced a biphasic effect upon
      subsequent LHRH response. Four subjects retested 20 h after 0.5 mg oestradiol
      benzoate showed either no change or a slight suppression of LH and FSH release.
      Fifteen of the eighteen women pretreated with oestradiol benzoate and retested 44
      h later showed significantly increased LH release and fourteen significantly
      increased FSH release when compared to their control responses. The responses
      appeared to be dose related with a positive correlation between sum of LH
      increments and basal oestradiol levels (R = 0.61; P less than 0.001) and a
      similar correlation (r = 0.67; P less than 0.001) between sum of FSH increments
      and basal oestradiol levels. The physiological significance of this biphasic
      action of oestrogen upon pituitary sensitivity is discussed in relation to the
      control of the menstrual cycle.

PMID- 1097138
TI  - [LH-RH and FSH-RH].

PMID- 1097139
TI  - [GH-RH and GH-IH].

PMID- 1097140
TI  - [Reserve capacity of piuitary luteinizing hormone (LH) release in aged male
      subjects- LH releasing reaction to a maximum dosage of LH-RH].

PMID- 1097141
TI  - [LH-RH tests in children--study of development of secondary sexual
      characteristics, and disorders of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal system].

PMID- 1097142
TI  - A simple combinatorial method for calculating genetic risks.
AB  - A method is presented whereby genetic counsellors can calculate genetic risks in
      a wide variety of circumstances using only arithmetics. The method is general in
      that it can handle such information as gene frequency, mutation rate, mode of
      inheritance, penetrance, pedigree to which the consultand belongs, phenotype of
      the consultand and his relatives, biochemical findings, etc. Each of the possible
      combinations of genotypes which may be present in the pedigree is listed and
      considered in turn. The method consists of a series of simple steps leading
      mechanically to the right answer.

PMID- 1097143
TI  - Potassium-sparing effect of amiloride in a diuretic factorial study in man.
AB  - 1. The effects of amiloride (M, 20 mg/day), chlorothiazide (C, 1000 mg/day),
      ethacrynic acid (E, 100 MG/day) and frusemide (F, furosemide 80 mg/day, given
      alone and in combination, were investigated in eight patients in a 2(4) factorial
      study. Effects between blocks of four treatments in each sixteen-treatment
      replicate were confounded with higher interactions to allow for differences
      between early and late diuresis. 2. All patients exhibited marked diuresis, with
      significant mean increases in daily urinary sodium excretion (P smaller than
      0.05) and urinary volume (P smaller than 0.01) induced by chlorothiazide,
      frusemide and ethacrynic acid (68, 69 and 38%; and 35, 40 and 34%, respectively).
      Amiloride appeared to be half to one-third as potent as the other diuretics. 3.
      Amiloride produced a significant potassium-sparing effect (P smaller than 0.01),
      reducing urinary potassium excretion by 30%, compared to significant urinary
      potassium wasting with frusemide (increase of 33%, P smaller than 0.01) and
      chlorothiazide (increase of 31%, P smaller than 0.05). 4. No adverse reactions
      occurred, but serum potassium levels twice rose to 6 mmol/l and subsided without
      additional therapy, and on one occasion fell to 2.5 mmol/l, requiring a potassium
      supplement for 4 days. 5. It was concluded from these factorial studies that
      amiloride is a mild diuretic and potent potassium-sparing agent acting
      independently and additively in combination with chlorothiazide, ethacrynic acid
      or frusemide. For the three latter diuretics, all two-drug interactions were
      simply additive also, without evidence of synergism or antagonism between drugs.

PMID- 1097144
TI  - Dialysis and transplantation in Europe.

PMID- 1097145
TI  - Allergic interstitial nephritis: report of a case with activation of complement
      by the alternate pathway.
AB  - An eighteen year old woman developed a streptococcal pharyngitis documented by
      throat culture. After two days of treatment with penicillin she developed
      arthritis and abdominal pain and within a week became anuric. Her renal biopsy
      revealed extensive interstitial nephritis without proliferative glomerular
      changes. Serum properdin levels were significantly reduced and immunofluorescence
      studies demonstrated properdin deposition within the glomeruli, C1, C4 and C2
      were not depressed nor were they demonstrable within the glomeruli. These results
      support activation of complement apparently only by the alternate pathway, a
      finding heretofore noted only in membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1097147
TI  - Commentary. Reflections in a crystal ball.

PMID- 1097146
TI  - Shigellosis in a neonate: successful treatment with an oral elemental diet.

PMID- 1097148
TI  - Interactions in man of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. II. Cannabinol and
      cannabidiol.
AB  - Oral doses of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) 20 mg, combined with placebo or
      with 40 mg dses of cannabinol (CBN) and cannabidiol (CBD), were given to
      volunteers. The combination of THC with CBN produced no detectable changes in the
      quality, intensity, or duration of the effects of THC alone. The THC-CBD
      combination tended to delay onset and prolong effects of THC, while making them
      somewhat more intense. Even this interactive effect was slight, providing no
      reason to abandon the current practice of basing doses of marihuana for clinical
      studies solely on THC content.

PMID- 1097149
TI  - Effects of marihuana and placebo marihuana smoking on hemodynamics in coronary
      disease.

PMID- 1097150
TI  - Antihypertensive effect of a dopamine beta hydroxylase inhibitor, bupicomide: a
      comparison with hydralazine.
AB  - The cardiovascular effects of a new antihypertensive drug, bupicomide, were
      compared with those of hydralazine in 6 patients with mild to moderate
      hypertension. The mean supine arterial pressure of patients was reduced 15.2 mm
      Hg by bupicomide (900 to 2,000 mg/day) and 15.7 mm Hg by hydralazine (300 to 600
      mg/day). Heart rate increased an average of 11.3 bpm during bupicomide and 14.5
      bpm by hydralazine. Neither drug was associated with a postural decrease in mean
      arterial pressure. The heart rate response during maximum tolerated treadmill
      exercise was not diminished by either drug. Cardiac index was increased during
      administration of both drugs. Bupicomide and hydralazine reduced forearm vascular
      resistance, while renal blood flow and renal vascular resistance were not
      significantly modified. Evidence of equivalent augmentation of sympathetic
      nervous activity during administration of both drugs consisted of equal and
      significant increases in heart rate and urinary norepinephrine excretion, and
      decreases in duration of the pre-ejection period. The absolute values of these
      parameters were correlated with mean arterial pressure, which may indicate that
      the increase in sympathetic nervous activity was mediated by baroreceptor
      reflexes. Although bupicomide inhibits dopamine beta-hydroxylase, our results
      suggest that it is acting as a direct vasodilator.

PMID- 1097151
TI  - Nonemergency use of slow infusions of diazoxide.
AB  - Slow infusions of diazoxide were administered to 10 hypertensive patients who had
      stable, nonaccelerated hypertension. The 10-min diazoxide infusion was associated
      with a 16% average reduction in arterial pressure, a 21% average increase in
      heart rate, a 16% average increase in cardiac output, and a 36% reduction in
      total peripheral resistance. These changes in hemodynamic parameters lasted for
      an average of 70 min. It was concluded that slow infusions of diazoxide produce a
      consistent and predictable antihypertensive effect in patients with stable,
      nonaccelerated hypertension. Slow infusions of diazoxide may have a limited use
      in nonemergency situations where an abrupt change in arterial pressure is to be
      avoided and a parenteral antihypertensive agent is needed.

PMID- 1097152
TI  - Effect of dosage regimen on natriuretic response to furosemide.
AB  - We have examined the differences in urinary excretion of water, sodium,
      potassium, chloride, urea, and creatinine produced by different dosage regimens
      offurosemide in normal volunteers. Three oral dosage regimens were compared: 20
      mg daily, 20 mg twice daily, and 40 mg daily. Furosemide, 20 mg, did not produce
      a significant weight loss, diuresis, or natriuresis in 12 normal subjects. With
      40 there was a significant weight loss, diuresis, natriuresis, and chloruresis
      over 24 hr. Comparison of the divided regimen with 40 mg daily revealed
      significantly greater sodium excretion, and chloride excretion with 20 mg twice
      daily. The divided dosage regimen produced a different pattern of diuresis with
      most of the sodium and water excretion occurring after the second dose. These
      differences in response to different regimens are predictable from
      pharmacokinetic considerations and may have clinical significance.

PMID- 1097153
TI  - Respiratory effects of nefopam.
AB  - A respiratory study has been done to compare the respiratory effects of a potent
      new analgesic, nefopam, to morphine.  Morphine was a potent respiratory
      depressant at therapeutic dosage while nefopam was not.

PMID- 1097154
TI  - Bioavailability of oral dexamethasone.
AB  - Bioavailabilities of dexamethasone tablets and elixir in man were evaluated by
      each of 3 model-independent methods of pharmacokinetic analysis employing plasma
      and urinary values as determined by radioimmune assay. There were no significant
      differences among the results determined by the 3 methods nor between the
      respective availabilities of the two formulations; the latter averaged 82.6 +/-
      17.7% for the elixir formulation and 78.0 +/- 12.1% for tablets.

PMID- 1097155
TI  - The embryology of cleft lip and cleft palate.

PMID- 1097156
TI  - The anatomy of cleft lip.

PMID- 1097157
TI  - Cleft lip.

PMID- 1097158
TI  - Normal velopharyngeal function in speech.
AB  - What has been presented in the foregoing pages is the broad outline of a theory
      of velopharyngeal function in normal speech production. It is suggested that the
      velopharyngeal musculature functions in a predictably variable manner to provide
      predictably variable structural movements and positioning. The variability is
      predictable, based on the phenomenon of coarticulation, given knowledge of where
      the structures are, where they must go to produce a perceptually acceptable
      phonime, and where they must subsequently be for later phonemes. The theory is
      not complete, as will be discussed below. Nevertheless, it demonstrates the
      complexity of velopharyngeal function. Many variables are involved simultaneously
      in the movements of this mechanism, and it is not enough to consider a muscle, a
      structure, or a phoneme. The action of any muscle is influenced by the action of
      others in the system, the movements of any structure are influenced by movements
      of other structures, and any phoneme is influenced-sometimes heavily so-by
      phonemes around it. Thus, the central nervous system programming of oralization
      and nasalization gestures must be a complicated process. Certainly, the results
      of that programming are complicated.

PMID- 1097159
TI  - Velopharyngeal function in cleft palate.

PMID- 1097160
TI  - The determination of velopharyngeal incompetence by aerodynamic and acoustical
      techniques.

PMID- 1097161
TI  - Surgical repair of cleft palate.

PMID- 1097163
TI  - Nipple hypertrophy.  A physiologic reduction by circumcision.

PMID- 1097162
TI  - A 10-year experience with subcutaneous mastectomy.
AB  - Subcutaneous mastectomy appears to remain a procedure of promise.  This 10-year
      experience indicated that it is feasible in at least 80 per cent of selected
      patients to successfully remove the breast parenchyma and subsequently
      reconstruct the breast without serious complications.  It is resonable to assume
      that as surgical technique and experience improve, the complication rate will
      diminish.  Furthermore, it is essential that better breast implants be devised
      and developed in the future.  This would clearly enhance all forms of cosmetic
      breast surgery.  The use of subcutaneous mastectomy as a prophylactic cancer
      procedure will parellel the improvement of implant breast reconstruction. 
      Whether subcutaneous mastectomy will measurably reduce the mortality rate of
      carcinoma of the breast will, of course, take a generation to determine. 
      However, I have no doubts that is it as justifiable and valuable surgical tool in
      the treatment of breast disease.  The concept of almost total breast biopsy has
      great merit in the discovery of occult carcinoma.  Clearly, caution should be
      exercised in the selection of cases for this modality, and further study must be
      devoted to develop diagnostic guidelines of ever-increasing precision to
      determine which breasts are potentially malignant and should be afforded the
      procedure.

PMID- 1097164
TI  - Axillary breasts.  An aesthetic deformity of the trunk.

PMID- 1097165
TI  - Correction of lipodystrophy of the lateral thoracic aspect and inner side of the
      arm and elbow dermosenescence.

PMID- 1097166
TI  - Dr Ian Maxwell Young.

PMID- 1097167
TI  - Ultrasound in the diagnosis of fluid collections following renal transplantation.
AB  - Ultrasound examinations of the pelvis and kidney have been carried out following
      68 renal transplants. In 16 patients moderate sized or large perirenal or pelvic
      fluid collections were demonstrated. The composition of the fluid was lymph in
      seven cases, pus in four, blood in three and urine in two. Ten of these 16
      patients had clinical features compatible with a pelvic fulid collection while
      six had no such localising features. We have found ultrasound to be extremely
      valuable in the diagnosis and precise localisation of pelvic fulid collections
      following transplantation, often at a stage before pressure effects and symptoms
      have appeared. It also provides a rapid and reliable means of excluding a pelvic
      or perirenal abscess in the pyrexial patient.

PMID- 1097168
TI  - Cocaine: history, epidemiology, human pharmacology, and treatment. a perspective
      on a new debut for an old girl.

PMID- 1097169
TI  - Editorial. Marijuana: medical, social, and moral aspects.

PMID- 1097170
TI  - American College of Emergency Physicians Leadership.

PMID- 1097171
TI  - Effect of proper oral hygiene on gingivitis and dental caries in Swedish
      schoolchildren.
AB  - The present paper reports the effect of a 3-year study of regularly repeated
      professional toothcleaning on oral hygiene status, gingivitis, and dental caries.
      At the initiation of the study in 1971, the children were 7-8 years old (Group
      1), 10-11 (Group 2) or 13-14 (Group 3). The children were divided into test and
      control groups. Before the study all the children were examined regarding oral
      hygiene, state of the gingiva and dental caries. Throughout the 3-year period the
      controls brushed their teeth with a 0.2% sodium fluoride solution once a month
      under supervision. During the first 2 years of the trial all the children of the
      test groups were given professional oral prophylaxis once every second week
      during the school terms. During the third year the interval between consecutive
      prophylactic sessions was prolonged to 4 weeks in Groups 1 and 2 and to 8 weeks
      in Group 3. The results demonstrated that regularly repeated professional
      cleaning of the teeth combined with fluoride applications and toothbrushing
      instructions, over a 3-year period in schoolchildren resulted in the
      establishment and maintenance of excellent oral hygiene standards. Inflammation
      of the marginal gingiva almost entirely disappeared, and practically no new
      carious lesions developed.

PMID- 1097172
TI  - The psychiatric halfway house: how is it measuring up?
AB  - To obtain data on the effectiveness of the psychiatric halfway house and to
      update information about such facilities, 26 recent statistical reports were
      examined. Only two studies include control group comparisons. In addition to
      descriptive information, data are reported in terms of employment or school
      attendance and independent living as contrasted with rehospitalization. Results
      indicate that a median of approximately 80 per cent of halfway house residents
      adjusts to community living. Despite differences among halfway houses in resident
      selection, length of stay, rehabilitative criteria, and nature of follow-up, data
      suggest that rehospitalization rates are lower after residence in a halfway
      house. Some cautions are drawn regarding evaluative studies and potential
      attenuation of halfway house facilities to low-quality custodial care.

PMID- 1097173
TI  - The relationship between patient demographic characteristics and psychiatric
      rehabilitation outcome.
AB  - Professionals engaged in psychiatric rehabilitation need to know what specific
      factors contribute to the success or failure of attempts to reintegrate the
      psychiatric patient back into the community. A review of the research literature
      succeeded in identifying various demographic charcteristics of expsychiatric
      patients that are related to recidivism and posthospital employment. A composite
      picture of patients who are more likely to be recidivists or unemployed (or both)
      was advanced. The factors that appear to be related to posthospital employment
      are not consistently the same factors that are related to recidivism.

PMID- 1097174
TI  - A tribute to Ernest A. Spiegel.

PMID- 1097175
TI  - Stereotactic treatment of action myoclonus in a case of combined status
      marmoratus and multiple sclerosis. A contribution to the pathophysiology of basal
      ganglia with multiple lesions in both the striatum and the substantia nigra.
AB  - A patent, who suffered from nonprogressive athetotic-myoclonic hyperkinesia of
      the left arm and spastic paresis of the underdeveloped left leg since early
      childhood, experienced a febrile episode at the age of 23, after which a weakness
      and ataxia of the right limbs with frequent falling persisted; at the age of 28,
      he developed a right-sided rigidity, tremor at rest and mask-like face as
      sequelae of encephalitis disseminata exacerbations. The violent intention
      myoclonus of the left side of the body could be abolished by stereotactic
      coagulation in the V.o.p and V.o.a and zona incerta until death 11 days later.
      The athetotic myoclonic hyperkinesia is the consequence of a left-sided severe
      status marmoratus of the right putamen with extensive loss of nerve cells and
      shrinkage. The additional nerve cell loss in the right substantia nigra due to
      demyelinating encephalitic foci did not produce Parkinson symptoms, because these
      require a normal striatum. This loss did, however, exaggerate the original
      hyperkinesia to a violent intention myoclonus, which was abolished by
      interruption of denatatothalamic afferents to the V.o.p nucleus and of
      pallidothalamic afferents to the V.o.a nucleus. The Parkinson syndrome of the
      right side is due to demyelinating foci of different ages. The Parkinson symptoms
      were manifest on the right side, because the left status marmoratus did not
      severely reduce the striatal nerve cells. In this case, there is no indication
      that the introduction of the stereotactic electrode has precipitated new
      demyelinating foci.

PMID- 1097176
TI  - Professor Ernest A. Spiegel's 80th birthday.

PMID- 1097177
TI  - Beginning and development of stereotaxic surgery in Tokyo.

PMID- 1097178
TI  - Dr. Spiegel. A remembrance on his 80th birthday.

PMID- 1097179
TI  - Personal recollections of the development of human stereotactic neurosurgery.

PMID- 1097180
TI  - Progress in stereotaxic surgery in Madras. A tribute to Dr. Spiegel on his 80th
      birthday.

PMID- 1097181
TI  - Development of human stereotactic surgery.

PMID- 1097182
TI  - Personal observations on the development of stereotaxy.

PMID- 1097184
TI  - Letter: The urgent need for cadaver kidneys.

PMID- 1097183
TI  - Infants' and travelers' diarrhea.

PMID- 1097185
TI  - Nuclear placentography.
AB  - Localization of the placenta by radionuclide imaging techniques is useful in
      assessing the cause of vaginal bleeding late in pregnancy. Placenta previa is the
      most threatening cause of late gestational bleeding, and the acceptably high
      accuracy of nuclear placentography in detecting this condition is well
      established. Nevertheless, B-mode ultrasonography is a preferable method because
      it delivers no ionizing radiation and is capable of identifying the cervix in
      virtually all patients. The latter method will eventually replace nuclear
      placentography.

PMID- 1097186
TI  - Evaluation of intracardiac shunts.
AB  - This article will review the qualitative and quantitative methods of radionuclide
      evaluation of intracardiac shunts. Radionuclide angiocardiography of the
      cardiopulmonary system has proven adequate, with few exceptions, for qualitative
      detection of left-to-right and right-to-left intracardiac shunts. Numerous
      authors have reported on the detection of intracardiac shunts using qualitative
      methods such as rapid sequential visualization of nuclide angiocardiography using
      the scintillation camera with Polaroid, 35mm or 70mm film. Recent development of
      videotape storage systems and computers offers a quantitative technique of
      permanently recording the nuclide angiocardiogram and thus the capability for
      replay and analysis of the study. Quantitative analysis of the nuclide angiogram
      in the form of heart chamber dilution curves or pulmonary dilution curves permits
      1) determination of the presence or absence of left-to-right, right-to-left, or
      bi-directional intracardiac shunts, including shunts which might go undetected
      using the qualitative techniques, 2) shunt location at the atrial or ventricular
      level, 3) determination of the functional status of a corrective left-to-right
      shunt, and 4) shunt quantitation. By quantitative analysis of the isotope
      dilution curves, it is possible to calculate the size of left-to-right or right
      to-left intracardiac shunts (Qp/Qs ratio) to within 10% of the values obtained at
      cardiac catheterization.

PMID- 1097187
TI  - The significance of soft tissue injury in the roentgen diagnosis of trauma.
AB  - Soft tissue damage is an integral part of trauma. This basic fact is commonly
      ignored in the evaluation of roentgenograms obtained because of trauma. The soft
      tissue component of the traumatic lesion may produce the most obvious roentgen
      sing of injury and is, in these instances, fundamental to the correct roentgen
      diagnosis. In many instances, the soft tissue lesion is frequently of greater
      clinical significance that the more obvious skeletal injury. An awareness of the
      roentgen signs that signal soft tissue injury, and of those skeletal lesions that
      are commonly associated with radiographically silent, but clinically more
      significant, soft tissue damage, leads to prompt institution of appropriate
      additional diagnostic studies or therapeutic measures. Thus, the soft tissue
      injury in the roentgen diagnosis of trauma has both diagnostic and therapeutic
      significance. Each will be discussed in this article.

PMID- 1097188
TI  - Peripheral arteriography an overview of its origins and present status.
AB  - Within a month after Roentgen's discovery of the X-ray, the first cadaveric
      peripheral arteriogram was performed. It was not until 28 years later that the
      initial in vivo femoral arteriogram was reported. Arteriographic growth and
      development since that time have been punctuated with such names as Seldinger,
      Steinberg, Viamonte, Abrams, Sones, and many more. Keeping pace with their
      technical and diagnostic achievements has been the cause for a whole new
      industrial field - that of angiographic equipment and technology. New X-ray
      tubes, generators, film, etc. have been developed. Angiographic tables are
      available which have been designed to do highly subspecialized studies. The
      spectrum of catheter curves and materials available allows visualization of
      vessels down to the order of 0.1 mm when combined with magnification.
      Chemoangiography for treatment and subselective venous sampling for hormonal
      assays are commonplace. Although "the beginnings" for all angiography lie in the
      evaluation of peripheral vasculature, equipment sophistication for this basic
      study has often lagged behind that of the more glamorous organal examinations.
      The development of the biphasic ijection technique hopefully represents an anwer
      to both multiple injections and X-ray exposures. It allows single injection and
      single exposure visualization of the vascular tree from distal aorta to the pedal
      vessels.

PMID- 1097190
TI  - Current concepts of chronic benzene toxicity.

PMID- 1097189
TI  - A survey of the benefits and risks in the practice of radiology.
AB  - The findings from both animal and human studies on the radiation risk at low
      doses and low dose rates are far from conclusive, primarily due to statistical
      limitations. However, to arrive at some estimate of radiation risk, a
      conservative approach has been taken, and a linear extrapolation of radiation
      effects from high doses to low doses has been made. Thus, it is assumed that any
      exposure to radiation carries some risk of somatic or genetic damage and that
      there is no threshold or safe dose. In medical practice, diagnostic radiological
      procedures should be performed only if useful clinical information will be
      derived. In addition, this information should be obtained at the least possible
      risk to the patient. For mass chest X-rays, mammography, and lung scans, a
      quantitative determination of benefit to risk is developed. This approach, though
      possible desirable, is exceedingly difficult to establish for most diagnostic
      radiological procedures. Thus, good clinical judgement should be employed in
      radiological practice, just as it should be employed in all aspects of medical
      practice.

PMID- 1097191
TI  - The delayed neuropathy caused by some organophosphorus esters: mechanism and
      challenge.

PMID- 1097192
TI  - Gastric mucosal damage by aspirin.

PMID- 1097193
TI  - A current assessment of the mutagenic and teratogenic effects of caffeine.

PMID- 1097194
TI  - A comparative study of the activity of a new agent, indapamide, in essential
      arterial hypertension.
AB  - A single-blind crossover trial was carried out in 38 elderly, hospitalised
      patients with essential hypertension to compare the hypotensive activity of 5 mg.
      indapamide daily with 100 mg. chlorthalidone daily. After initial treatment for
      10 days with placebo, patients received treatment for 45 days with either
      indapamide or chlorthalidone and were then crossed over to the alternative drug
      for a similar period. Potassium supplementation was necessary in 25 of the
      patients receiving chlorthalidone, but was precribed as a precautionary measure
      in only 1 patients whilst on indapamide. Results showed that there were
      significant drops in blood pressure following both active medications, but that
      the percentage reduction in diastolic pressure was greater after indapamide.
      Indapamide also proved more effective than chlorthalidone in controlling the
      patients' subjective and functional symptoms of their hypertension. In an overall
      assessment of the effectiveness of both drugs, indapamide was judged to be better
      tolerated as well as more effective than chlorthalidone in 18 of the 38 patients,
      whilst chlorthalidone was preferred in only 7 instances.

PMID- 1097195
TI  - Preliminary clinical experience with meptazinol, a new analgesic.
AB  - The analgesic effect of intravenous meptazinol at various dosage levels was
      studied in 30 patients suffering from acute renal colic. Out of a total of 41
      injections (dose range: 20 to 120 mg.) a favourable analgesic response was
      recorded on 39 occasions. The onset of action was rapid with the minimun duration
      of action of 1 hour. Higher doses increased the drug's action but were
      accompanied by nausea and dizziness. There was no overall effect on blood
      pressure or heart rate.

PMID- 1097196
TI  - Cephradine in urinary tract infections: a double-blind comparison with
      ampicillin.
AB  - A double-blind trial was carried out comparing cephradine and ampicillin in the
      treatment of urinary tract infections in 42 females attending a hospital
      Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Results showed that patients did better
      in the cephradine group than the ampicillin group, both bacteriologically and
      clinically. The numbers in each group were small, however, and did not reach
      statistical significance.

PMID- 1097197
TI  - Cyclamates: a review of the current position.
AB  - Cyclamates were prohibited for use as food additives in the U.S.A. and other
      parts of the world during 1970 because of the fears of carcinogenicity. The
      author reviews the evidence leading to this ban and discusses the appeal made
      against the decision which led to the lifting of the cyclamate restrictions in
      Australia in November 1974.

PMID- 1097198
TI  - Double-blind comparison between two new topical corticosteroids, halcinonide 0.1%
      and clobetasol propionate cream 0.05%.
AB  - A new steroid, halcinonide, was compared with clobetasol propionate cream in 100
      patients with a variety of skin disorders. The study was conducted as a double
      blind, paired comparison with the preparations being given twice daily. Results
      obtained over a 14-day period of therapy showed remarkably similar efficacy for
      both preparations.

PMID- 1097199
TI  - Nucleic acids: interaction with solar UV radiation.
AB  - Atmospheric pollutants that reduce the amount of ozone in the stratosphere may
      markedly increase the flux of intermediate-wavelength solar ultraviolet (UV)
      radiation that reaches the Earth's surface. Like short-wavelength germicidal UV
      radiation (less than 280 nm), these intermediate UV wavelengths (280-315 nm) can
      promote photochemical reactions in nucleic acids, leading to the appearance of
      such products as cyclobutadipyrimidines and single- and double-strand breaks.
      These photochemical reactions strongly affect the biological activities of the
      nucleic acids. Computer techniques are now available for predicting the chemical
      and biological effects of increased in vitro irradiation of purified nucleic
      acids. However, the effect of increased UV irradiation in vivo is complicated by
      the presence of sensitizing agents in cells and by the action of nucleic acid
      repair processes. There is strong evidence that in vivo damage to nucleic acids
      injures irradiated cells and tissues, but further research is needed to predict
      quantitatively the physiological consequences of increases in solar UV.

PMID- 1097200
TI  - [Mouth rehabilitation from the viewpoint of prosthetic planning].

PMID- 1097201
TI  - [Problem in fixation of clasps for orthodontic appliances directly to the dental
      surfaces, based on current experiences].

PMID- 1097202
TI  - Combined topical pulmonary and systemic gentamicin: The question of safety.
AB  - Serum levels were measured in 13 subjects who received gentamicin either by
      inspiratory intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB-I) or by tracheal
      instillation. Only in the latter group were significant serum levels achieved. It
      is recommended that systemic doses of gentamicin should be reduced and serum
      levels closely monitored in order to avoid toxicity when the usual 3 to 5 mg/kg
      of IM or IV gentamicin is conbined with tracheal instillation.

PMID- 1097203
TI  - Double-blind comparison of acute bronchial and cardiovascular effects of oral
      terbutaline and ephedrine.
AB  - Acute effects of oral terbutaline (5 mg), ephedrine (25 mg) and placebo on
      bronchial dynamics, heart rate, systolic and diastolic pressure and arterial
      blood gases at rest were compared over a period of 7 hours in 20 subjects with
      bronchial asthma using a double-blind crossover technique. Both terbutaline and
      ephedrine caused significant bronchodilation, but the effect of terbutaline on
      specific airway conductance (SGA) was significantly greater (peak mean increase
      in SGA 0.069 vs 0.027 L/sec/cm H2O/L), had an earlier onset (30 minutes vs 1
      hour) and lasted longer (7 hours vs 4 hours) than that of ephedrine. Slight but
      significant increases in arterial Po2 were noted following institution of both
      ephedrine and terbutaline, suggesting improvement in ventilation-perfusion
      relationships. Both drugs caused modest but statistically significant increases
      in heart rate of 8.4-10.9 beats/min and the mean peak increase following
      terbutaline (8.4 beats/min) was comparable to that following ephedrine. In
      constrast to ephedrine, terbutaline caused significant, although slight,
      increases in systolic pressure and decreases in diastolic pressure, indicating
      that this drug, in the dose recommended for clinical use, is not free of
      cardiovascular effects.

PMID- 1097204
TI  - A computer program for calculation and interpretation of pulmonary function
      studies.
AB  - A computer program to calculate and interpret the standard pulmonary function
      tests has been developed on a programmable calculator system. The program
      computes both predicted and measured values for static and dynamic lung volumes,
      airways resistance and diffusing capacity. It then checks for differences between
      predicted and obtained values and interprets them according to a specific,
      clinically useful set of diagnostic criteria. By acquisition of a reliable and
      easy-to-use data processing system, a pulmonary function laboratory can
      significantly increase the efficiency and accuracy of its day-to-day work.

PMID- 1097205
TI  - Portable oxygen in chronic obstructive lung disease with hypoxemia and cor
      pulmonale. A controlled double-blind crossover study.

PMID- 1097206
TI  - In vivo comparison of two galenic forms of ampicillin-trihydrate.
AB  - In order to evaluate a new galenic form of ampicillin-trihydrate, individual
      blood serum levels and urine excretion of ampicillin-trihydrate were compared in
      a crossover study after oral absorption of 1-gram captab formulation (this being
      the new galenic form) versus 2x500 mg of the same product. Analyses performed by
      two different laboratories indicate that clinically insignificant slightly higher
      serum concentrations can be obtained with captabs, and that very individual
      absorption profiles should make one take a sceptic viewpoint as to mean serum
      concentrations computed from larger series of experiments. To obtain a valid
      blood serum level in as many patients as possible, a posology of 3-4 captabs,
      spaced over a 24-hour period is suggested for the treatment of infections with
      ampicillin-sensitive germs. For less sensitive micro-organisms, one should switch
      to parenteral therapy or to other antibiotics.

PMID- 1097207
TI  - Comparative pharmacokinetics and clinical experience with a new cephalosporin
      derivative: cefazolin.
AB  - In a cross-over study in 12 normal individuals, the pharmacokinetic parameters of
      cefalotin, cefradine and cefazolin were determined after intravenous injection of
      1,000 mg of each substance. The microbiological activities in urine and serum
      were determined using the agar diffusion test; the pharmacokinetic data were
      calculated by a computer system on the basis of a Fortran programme. Cefazolin
      has significantly higher serum concentrations than the other two cephalosporins,
      distinctly longer serum half-lives, higher protein binding, and smaller apparent
      volumina of distribution. In 36 inpatients with mainly chronical and acute
      infections of the urinary tract, we tested the antibacterial effectivity, the
      compatibility, and the application modalities of cefazolin. In 29 patients we had
      a satisfactory clinical result, in 25 cases we achieved the elimination of
      bacteria by the end of the therapy. The compatibility of cefazolin was good;
      apart from a minor, reversible, liver-specific increase in enzymes in 6 patients,
      no side effects could be detected.

PMID- 1097208
TI  - R factor in Enterobacter cloacae resistant to silver sulfadiazine.
AB  - A strain of Enterobacter cloacae resistant to silver sulfadiazine was recovered
      from a unit in which this antimicrobial agent was in use. This strain was found
      to harbor an R factor responsible for resistance to carbenicillin, kanamycin and
      ampicillin. These antibiotic resistances were transferable to Escherichia coli by
      mating. Resistance to silver sulfadiazine was not, however, transmissible.

PMID- 1097209
TI  - Comparative in vitro acitvity of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol on common
      aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative bacilli(Salmonella and Shigella excluded).
AB  - The antibacterial activity of thiamphenicol was compared to that of
      chloramphenicol against 313 strains of gram-negative bacilli isolated from
      various clinical specimens. These two antiboitics were equally active against the
      106 isolates of Haemophilus MIC equals 0.1 minus 1.56 mu g/ml) and against 40
      strains of Bacteroides fragilis (almost all strains being inhibited by 12.5
      mug/ml of the two drugs). In contrast, when compared with chloramphenicol, 2-16
      times as much of thiamphenicol was required to inhibit Enterobacteriacae, making
      prediction of the susceptibility of these strains to thiamphenicol on the basis
      of chloramphenicol testing alone likely to be hazardous. Disc diffusion test
      using 30-mug discs and 12 mm as cut-off point was a reliable technique to
      determine susceptibility of bacteria either to chloramphenicol or thiamphenicol.
      When thiamphenicol discs of greater potency (50 mug) were employed, many strains
      exhibited wide zones of inhibition although most of them were resistant by the
      agar dilution method (MIC is greater than 12.5 mug/ml). This practice is not
      advisable for testing organisms isolated outside of the urinary tract.

PMID- 1097210
TI  - Evaluation of antibacterial activities of cephalosporin antibiotics: cefazolin,
      cephaloridine, cephalothin, and cephalexin.
AB  - The antibacterial activities of 4 cephalosporin antibiotics, cefazolin,
      cephaloridine, cephalothin and cephalexin, against 330 isolates of bacteria from
      patients at National Taiwan University Hospital, were determined by an agar plate
      dilution technique. Cephalosporins possess strong antibacterial activity against
      gram-positive bacteria except Enterococci. Staphylococcus aureus is the most
      susceptible among the organisms tested. More than 90% of Staphylococcus aureus
      strains are suppressed by cefazolin, cephaloridine and cephalothin at the
      concentrations of 3.13 mug/ml or less, except that 49.1% are suppressed by
      cephalexin. The relative potency of cephalosporins against Staphylococcus aureus
      in decreasing order is cephaloridine, cephalothin, cefazolin, and cephalexin. The
      gram-negative bacilli, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus
      mirabilis are less susceptible to cephalosporins than the gram-positive cocci.
      Among the cephalosporins, cefazolin is the most active against the gram-negative
      pathogens tested. The relative potency of antibacterial activity of
      cephalosporins against E. coli in decreasing order is cefazolin, cephaloridine,
      cephalexin, and cephalothin. One hour after the intramuscular injection of 500 mg
      of cefazolin, the maximum concentration of 33.3 mug/ml is reached in the serum.
      The sufficient high levels are sustained for 8 hours. Very high concentrations of
      cefazolin are also found in the urine.

PMID- 1097211
TI  - Shigella strains associated with infantile diarrhea in the Kaohsiung area.
AB  - In 1969 and 1974, 375 Shigella strains were isolated in the Kaohsiung area, and
      their serotypes and in vitro susceptibility to antimicorbial agents were studied.
      In 1969, 249 (16.2%) strains were isolated from 1,476 specimens collected from
      infantile and young children dirrheal cases, whereas 126 strains (11.6%) were
      isolated from 1,086 specimens in 1969. The isolation rates were higher in May
      (21.2%), October (20.8%), April (20.6%), August (19.7), November (18.8%) and
      January (18.5%), than in other months (10.2%-18.0%). Higher incidences of
      shigellosis appeared in May (22.3%) and April (17.9%) than in the other months
      during 1974. Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri type 2 were most predominant
      and there was a tendency of increase in number for the former in 1974. From the
      colicine typing of S. sonnei, it was found that type 8 (40.6%), type 6 (23.4%),
      and type 12 (17.2%) were the commonly occurring strains associated with the
      infantile diarrheal disease in the Kaohsiung area. Susceptibility study showed
      that the resistant rates of S. flexneri to chlroamphenicol (85.5%), streptomycin
      (81.9%), and tetracycline (61.3%) were much higher than to ampicillin (16.1%),
      nalidixic acid (14.6%), colistin (4.2%), kanamycin (4.2%), gentamicin (2.8%),
      cephaloridine (2.4%), and frazolidone (0%). Resistant rates of S. sonnei to 10
      antimicrobial agents were as follows: chloramphenicol, 85.9%; tetracycline,
      70.2%; streptomycin, 69.9%; nalidixic acid, 16.4%; ampicillin, 13.3%; colistin,
      6.3%; kanamycin, 3.9%; gentamicin, 2.5%; cephaloridine, 0%; and frazolidone, 0%.

PMID- 1097212
TI  - Non-random chromosome distribution in radial metaphases from the chinese hamster.
      I. Uncultured cells.
AB  - Chromosome distribution was analyzed in uncultured radial metaphase cells
      (corneal epithelium, testicular mitotic cells, cells in the diakinesis, and cells
      in metaphase II) from the Chinese hamster. The hypothesis of random distribution
      was rejected at the 0.001 level (chi 2/3 = 31.6).--Homologous association was
      observed for two pairs of chromosomes (3 and 10) in corneal epithelial cells. It
      was observed for all four cell types. The chromosomes associated in four groups
      of similarly sized and shaped chromosomes. While group membership did not appear
      to vary, position within the group was highly variable.--An elevenpoint model of
      chromosome relationships was constructed from the data.

PMID- 1097213
TI  - Chromomere number and its genetic significance in lampbrush chromosomes.
AB  - The chromosomes of three species of salamander belonging to the genus Plethodon
      have been studied with regard to the absolute length of the haploid set of
      lampbrush chromosomes and the number and distribution of chromomeres per laploid
      set of lampbrush chromosomes. Each aspect has been considered in relation to the
      substantial difference in genome size between P. cinereus (C = 20 pg), P.
      vehiculum (C = 36.8 pg) and P. dunni (C = 38.8 pg). --Karyotype analyses carried
      out on unfixed preparations of lampbrush chromosomes showed that the absolute
      length of a haploid complement of lampbrush chromosomes from medium-sized yolky
      oocytes is much greater for P. vehiculum and P. dunni than for P. cinereus.
      Nonetheless, the relative dimensions of chromosomes are nearly identical in all
      three species. --Chromomers were counted along the whole length of the 14th
      (shortest) bivalent, and the total number of chromomeres in the haploid set of
      lampbrush chromosomes was determined by extrapolation on the basis of the known
      relative length of the 14th bivalent in the respective species. Chromomeres were
      also counted in measured segments of undamaged lampbrush preprations in which all
      chromosomes could be clearly identified. The average distance between chromomeres
      (chromomere distribution) was determined and the total chromomere number was
      estimated on the basis of measured total length of lampbrush chromosomes in a
      preparation. Chromomere distribution is the same for lampbrush chromosomes from
      all 3 species, and since P. vehiculum and P. dunni have longer chromosomes than
      P. cinereus, it is clear that the former 2 species have many more chromomeres (60
      70%) per haploid set of lampbrush chromosomes. The term chromomere was used here
      in the descriptive sense to define a discrete granule of deoxyribonucleoprotein
      on the axis of a lampbrush chromosome.--These findings are discussed in relation
      to what is known of the molecular organization of eukaryotic genomes, and in
      relation to ideas on gene action and transcription in lampbrush chromosomes.

PMID- 1097215
TI  - [Identification of the genetic sex chromosomes in the monogenic blowfly Chrysomya
      rufifacies (Calliphoridae, Diptera)].
AB  - Previous investigations have shown the sex determination in the monogenic blowfly
      Chrysomya rufifacies to be controlled by a cytologically not discernible
      homogametry-heterogamety mechanism in the female. Female-producing (thelygenic)
      females are assumed to be heterozygous for a dominant female sex realizer (F')
      with sex-predetermining properties, while male-producing (arrhenogenic) females
      as well as males are supposed to be homozygous for the recessive allele (f). In
      order to identify the genetic sex chromosomes of C. rufifacies among its five
      pairs of long euchromatic chromosomes (nos. 1-5) plus one pair of small
      heterochromatic ones (no. 6), all chromosomes were marked by reciprocal
      translocations induced by X-ray treatment of adult males. The inheritance of
      thirteen different heteroxygous translocations has been analyzed. All of the
      translocations (eleven) between two of the four longer chromosomes did not show
      sex-linked inheritance, thus demonstrating the autosomal character of the
      chromosomes nos 1, 2, 3 and 4. The same is true for the translocation T6 (2/6).
      Therefore the small heterochromatic chromosome no. 6, corresponding to the
      morphlogically differentiated six chromosomes within the amphogenic calliphorid
      species, remains without sex determining function in the monogenic fly. This
      could be confirmed by the analysis of monosomic (monosomy-6) and trisomic
      (trisomy-6) individuals, which resulted from meiotic non-disfunction in T6/+
      translocation heterozygotes. Contrary to these translocations, the heteroxygous
      5/2 translocation (T14) exhibited sex-linked inheritance: There was but a very
      low frequency (0,76 per cent) of recombinants resulting from crossing-over
      between F'/f and the translocation breakage point in theylgenic F1 T14/+females.
      The sex-linked inheritance of T14 was confirmed by the progeny of a thelygenic F1
      T14/+ female crossed to a homozygous T14/T14 translocation male.Among the
      offspring of that F1 T14/+ female, which had received the translocation from its
      father, all of the F2 T14/+ females were thelygenic compared to their
      arrhenogenic T14/T14 sisters. These results prove that the chromosomes of pair
      no. 5 genetically act as X'X-XX sex chromosomes in C. rufifacies.

PMID- 1097216
TI  - The bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system.
AB  - The bacterial phosphotransferase system participates in diverse physiological
      phenomena; its best characterized function is in the group translocation of
      sugars that are substrates of the system. Such sugars are phosphorylated as they
      are translocated across the cell membrane. Isolation of different proteins of the
      phosphotransferase system and reconstitution of the complex shows that in the net
      transfer of the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to a given sugar the
      phosphoryl group is sequentially transferred from one protein to another. In all
      cases so far studied, with one important exception, the phosphoryl group is
      linked to the proteins through a nitrogen atom in the imidazole ring of a
      histidyl residue. In the exceptional protein, the phosphoryl group is linked to a
      carboxy group. An additional function of the phosphotransferase system is to
      regulate the uptake of sugars that cannot be phosphorylated.

PMID- 1097214
TI  - In situ hybridization of ribosomal DNA labelled with 125iodine to metaphase and
      lampbrush chromosomes from newts.
AB  - Methods are described for in situ hybridization of ribosomal DNA from Xenopus
      laevis, labelled in vitro with 125iodine, to mitotic and lampbrush chromosomes
      from Triturus cristatus carnifex. The hybridization reaction was carried out in a
      mixture containing 50% formamide, 4 X SSC, 0.1 M KI, at 37 degrees C, or in 2 X
      SSC, 0.1 M KI at 65 degrees C. Autoradiographs of mitotic metaphases from 2 males
      showed labelling over the middle of the short arm of one chromosome IX in each
      metaphase. In some cases, a region near the end of a longer chromosome was also
      labelled. In a lampbrush preparations, labelling was confined to a region
      identified as about 53 units, near the middle of the short arm of both halves of
      bivalent IX. The usefulness of the technique and the significance of the
      labelling of only 1 of the 2 chromosomes IX in mitotic preparations are
      discussed.

PMID- 1097217
TI  - The origin of force in skeletal muscle.
AB  - Since the proposal and rapid acceptance of the sliding-filament theory in 1953
      1954, numerous suggestions have been made for the cause of the sliding movement.
      When the amount of overlap is varied by altering the initial length, the maximum
      tension is directly proportional to, but the speed of shortening under zero load
      is independent of, the amount of overlap. This suggests strongly that a relative
      force between thick and thin filaments is produced by independent force
      generators distributed within each overlap zone. These force-generators are
      identified with projections (cross-bridges) on the thick filament, each
      consisting of part of a myosin molecule. Measurements of the 'tension transients'
      when the length of a stimulated muscle fibre is suddenly altered show that the
      range of action of each cross-bridge is 10-15 nm. The travel within a single
      contraction may be many times greater, so each cross-bridge must act cyclically
      by attaching, exerting a force and detaching. Details of the tension transients
      suggest that each cross-bridge makes its movement in two or three steps, each
      with a potential energy change a few times kT. Each cross-bridge contains also an
      elastic element in series. It is sufficient, on present evidence, to postulate
      that the only action of ATP is to dissociate the cross-bridge from the thin
      filament after it has completed its stroke.

PMID- 1097218
TI  - A foreign body (chicken bone) in the rectum causing extensive perirectal and
      scrotal abscess: report of a case.
AB  - A case of foreign-body perforation of the rectum with extensive necrotizing
      fasciitis is presented and the literature briefly reviewed. The peculiarity of
      the case was brought out because of the nature of the foreign body(chicken bone)
      and the extensiveness of the process. The increases risk of swallowing a foreign
      body if dentures are worn is pointed out.

PMID- 1097219
TI  - Review of literature on diseases of the colon and rectum. 1974, Part II.

PMID- 1097220
TI  - The effect of methylphenidate on sensory perception in varying degrees of
      hyperkinetic behaviour.
AB  - In a double-blind study of methylphenidate, hyperkinetic children of varying
      levels of age and degree of hyperactivity were assessed on subtests of the
      Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Ability (ITPA). The ITPA was supplemented with
      a combination of monosensory, bisensory, and trisensory stimuli presentations.
      Methylphenidate improved the ITPA's visual, auditory and tactile age scores of
      children who exhibited a more marked degree of hyperkinetic behaviour. That
      improvement was also observed in the recognition of sensory stimuli presented in
      a monosensory fashion. Similarly, the children with a more marked degree of
      hyperkinesis improved their stimuli recognition rate significantly on
      methylphenidate when stimuli were presented to bisensory and trisensory
      perceptual modalities simultaneously. It was concluded that drug improvement on
      sensory perception seemed to be more related to the degree of hyperkinetic
      behavior manifested than to chronological age. Further research of degree of
      hyperkinesis, age-level, sensory modality and drug administration was suggested.

PMID- 1097221
TI  - Loxapine succinate: a controlled double-blind study in chronic schizophrenia.
AB  - Loxapine succinate was compared to chlorpromazine in a 12-week double-blind study
      of 50 hospitalized chronic schizophrenic patients. Statistical analyses of BPRS
      scores showed significant improvemement for several items and factors in both
      groups of patients. Both drugs significantly decreased severity of illness on the
      CGI scale. On the NOSIE scale, "manifest psychosis" was improved significantly
      with chlorpromazine and "global severity" with loxapine succinate. There were no
      significant treatment differences in BPRS, CGI, or Nosie items or factors or in
      the reduction of overall psychopathology. The side effects associated with the
      study drugs differed little with respect to incidence, number, severity, and
      type. The most frequently reported symptoms in both groups were behavioral,
      extrapyramidal, and sedative. Analyses of vital signs and clinical laboratory
      data revealed no evidence of serious untoward effects.

PMID- 1097222
TI  - The treatment of cluster headaches with prednisone.
AB  - Nineteen patients obstinate with cluster headaches whose pain was not mitigated
      by standard treatment (Methysergide, caffeine, ergotamine preparation,
      phenobarbital and analgesics) underwent a double blind control study with single
      crossover for the evaluation of prednisone therapy. Compared to placebo, a single
      oral dose of prednisone in 17 cases produced sustained improvement. Maintenance
      administration of prednisone was also effective in decreasing the frequency of
      attacks; however a single dose of the steroid when headaches began was effective.

PMID- 1097223
TI  - Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in nerve function and mental illness.

PMID- 1097224
TI  - Clinical complications of oral contraceptives.

PMID- 1097225
TI  - [Complex formation and association of nonspecific leucine-binding protein from
      Escherichia coli].

PMID- 1097226
TI  - [Structure of thick protofibrils of insect muscles using house cricket muscles as
      an example].

PMID- 1097227
TI  - [Phenomenon of the formation of multiple membranes in cells of 11r mutants of
      Escherichia coli K12].

PMID- 1097229
TI  - [Letter: Giant-follicular lymphoblastoma (Brill-Symmers)].

PMID- 1097228
TI  - [Infection with "enteritis salmonella" at non-intestinal sites (author's
      transl)].
AB  - So-called "enteritis Salmonella" was isolated in five cases from extra-intestinal
      specimens (about 3% of all primary Salmonella isolations in one year). The
      organisms were: S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, S. java, S. panama, and S.
      infantis. In four of the five cases the clinical picture was not that of a
      Salmonella infection. Focal manifestations were a knee-joint empyema after long
      term treatment with glucocorticoids, pleuritis in Hodgkin's disease,
      osteomyelitis of the head of the tibia, and meningitis in a child. In a 72-year
      old man, acute renal failure occurred after enteritis, following which the
      Salmonella was isolated from the respiratory tract for many weeks.

PMID- 1097230
TI  - [Pseudo-LE syndrome after treatment with Venopyronum dragees] (author's transl)
AB  - During the past three years a pseudo-LE syndrome (with antimitochondrial
      antibodies) was diagnosed in 14 patients. Information from the patients and their
      doctors disclosed that twelve of them had taken Venopyronum dragees over a period
      of two months to five years before onset of first symptoms. Two of the patients
      died of nonspecific myocarditis. Clinical investigations strongly suggest that
      the drug may have played a role in the pathogenesis of the pseudo-LE syndrome
      which is likely to take a severe course if, as in the two patients, the
      cardiovascular system is involved.

PMID- 1097231
TI  - [Digestive and absorption functions of the mucosa of the small intestine].

PMID- 1097232
TI  - [Letter: Germ count in mid-stream urine].

PMID- 1097233
TI  - Naproxen: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy and
      use.
AB  - Naproxen2, (+)-6-methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthalene acetic acid, is a new non
      steroidal anti=inflammatory agent advocated for use in rheumatiod arthritis,
      degenerative joint disease and ankylosing spondylitis. Published data suggest
      that in rheumatiod arthritis, naproxen 500mg daily comparable in efficacy with
      moderate doses of aspirin (3.6 to 4g daily) or 150mg daily of indomethacin, but
      generally causes fewer and milder side-effects than these drugs at the dosages
      used and can be given less frequently (12-hourly). Encouraging intial results
      have been reproted from its use in other inflammatory joint disorders, including
      acute gout and juvenile rheumatiod arthritis. It has compared favourably with
      indomethacin in ostioarthrosis of the hip of knee. Its exact place in the
      management of ankylosing spondylitis remains to be determined.

PMID- 1097235
TI  - [Development in rehabilitation].

PMID- 1097236
TI  - Ihibition of the pre-ovulatory proestrous gonadotropin surge, ovulation and
      pregnancy with a peptide analogue of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone.
AB  - D-[PHE]-2-D[ALA]-6-LRH (Wy-18,185), an analogue of synthetic hypothalamic LRH,
      was evaluated for its anti-fertility properties. The compound dampens the
      preovulatory proestrous surge of serum LH and FSH in rats, is an active anti
      ovulatory agent in both rats and rabbits and prevents pregnancy when administered
      pre-coitally to rats. Additionally, the compound suppresses the ovulatory event
      in rats only during the cycle in which it is acutely administered, does not
      interfere with the rat vaginal cycle and is devoid of any effects on body,
      ovarian and uterine weights when given acutely. The compound is a moderate LRH
      agonist in rats but does not induce ovulation in rats or rabbits.

PMID- 1097234
TI  - Clotrimazole: a review of its antifungal activity and therapeutic efficacy.
AB  - Clotrimazole 2, a synthetic imidazole derivative, is primarily used locally in
      the treatment of vaginal and skin infections due to yeasts and dermatophytes. In
      vitro, it is most active against Candida spp., Trichophyton spp., Microsporum
      spp. and Malazzesia fuffur (Pityrosporon orbiculare). In addition, it has some in
      vitro activity against certain Gram-positive bacteria, and at very high
      concentrations has activity against Trichomonas spp. In the treatment of vaginal
      candidiasis, clotrimazole vaginal tablets have produced cure rates comparable
      with those of conventional nystatin vaginal tablets. There have been no published
      comparisons with nystatin vaginal cream or foaming vaginal tablets - nystatin
      dosage forms preferred by some clinicians. Cootrimazole has also been successful
      in patients who had failed to respond to other antifungal agents such as nystatin
      and amphotericin B. Results in trichomonal vaginitis are not impressive. Skin
      infections caused by Candida or dermatophytes have been effectively treated with
      topical application of clotrimazole. In comparative trials, clotrimazole cream
      has been as effective as Whitfield's ointment and tolnaftate in the treatment of
      dermatophytoses, and as effective as nystatin in cutaneous candidiasis.
      Clotrimazole topical preparations are generally well tolerated, but local
      irritation has necessitated withdrawal of therapy in a few cases. Candidal
      septicemia and urinary and pulmonary candidiasis have been cured with oral
      clotrimazole therapy. Results in other types of serious fungal infections,
      including pulmonary aspergillosis, have been disappointing. A limiting factor in
      oral clotrimazole therapy is the high incidence of gastro-intestinal disturbances
      and neurological reactions.

PMID- 1097237
TI  - Studies on the mechanism controlling growth hormone release induced by
      chlorpromazine in the anesthetized rat.
AB  - In intact urethane-anesthetized rats, plasma growth hormone (GH) levels were low
      but increased significantly following intravenous injection of chlorpromazine. 
      Plasma GH levels were significantly elevated in rats with hypothalamic cuts such
      as complete  deafferentiation, anterior cut and antero-lateral cut, whereas
      plasma GH levels in rats with posterior cut or postero-lateral cut were not
      significantly different from those in rats with sham-operation.  Intravenous
      injection of chlorpromazine caused an increase of plasma GH in rats with any type
      of hypothalamic cut.  However, the maximum increments of plasma GH following
      chlorpromazine were larger in rats with antero-lateral cut and smaller in rats
      with posterior cut than in rats with sham-operation.  These results suggest that
      extrahypothalamic inhibiting and stimulating neurons influence the regulatory
      mechanism of rat GH secretion through anterior and posterior routes to the
      hypothalamus respectively.

PMID- 1097238
TI  - Effect of prostaglandin F2alpha upon ovulation and LH, FSH and prolactin
      secretion in chlorpromazine blocked rats.
AB  - The ovulation-inducing and LH, FSH and protein releasing activities of
      prostaglandin F2alpha (PG F2alpha) were investigated, using the female rats which
      had ovulation blocked by chlorpromazine (CPZ). Serum LH, FSH and prolactin
      concentrations were measured with NIAMD-rat-radioimmunoassay kits. The number of
      ova present in the fallopian tubes was investigated microscopically. Subcutaneous
      injection of 0.4-1.6 mg of PG F2alpha at 3:00 p.m. to CPZ-blocked proestrous rats
      induced ovulation in 80% of the animals during presumptive estrus. However, the
      percentage of ovulating rats was reduced in 40-60% of the animals when the same
      doses of PG F2alpha were injected intravenously. All control animals receiving
      the vehicle alone did not ovulate. The number of ova was not related to the dose
      of PG F2alpha, but the percentage of ovulating rats was. The serum LH peak was
      observed 10 min after the intravenous injection and 60-180 min after the
      subcutaneous injection of PG F2alpha. The peak in serum FSH and prolactin
      occurred simultaneously 180 min after both subcutaneous and intravenous injection
      of PG F2alpha. It is concluded from these data that PG F2alpha at dose levels
      used, may directly affect the hypothalamo-pituitary axis and consequently induce
      ovulation. These results further support the conception that the prostaglandins
      (PGs) have a central effect stimulating LH, FSH and prolactin release from the
      anterior pituitary.

PMID- 1097239
TI  - Specific and nonspecific multiple unit activities during the onset of
      pentylentetrazol seizures. I. Intact animals.
AB  - A quantitative evaluation of specific and nonspecific multiple unit activity
      (MUA) before and during pentylenetetrazol-induced EEG tonic-clonic discharges
      (OTCD) was made at four levels of the CNS: cortical, thalamic, mesencephalic, and
      pontine. In addition, MUA of sciatic nerve was recorded to detect possible spinal
      cord efferent discharges. At all levels, sustained increase in specific and
      nonspecific multiple unit activity preceded EEG and sciatic nerve discharges
      induced by  pentylenetetrazol. Increments in nonspecific MUA occurred sooner and
      were larger than those of specific MUA, and increments in mesencephalic
      nonspecific MUA occurred sooner and were larger than those of other cortical,
      thalamic, and pontine nonspecific MUAs. This sequence of neuronal activation
      suggests that pentylenetetrazol seizures are initiated in nonspecific structures
      at the mesencephalic level.

PMID- 1097240
TI  - Effects of hippocampal afterdischarges on Purkinje cell activity.
AB  - Hippocampal afterdischarges can induce increased Purkinje cell activity that
      characteristically shows a pronounced acceleration during the period of the
      afterdischarges. Increased Purkinje cell activity may continue for many seconds
      after termination of the hippocampal activity. Typical frequency histograms are
      presented. A short period of hippocampal afterdischarges (under 25 sec) may occur
      with few if any alterations in cerebral activity and vice versa. However, such
      afterdischarges can produce changes in cerebellar activity as shown by enhanced
      Purkinje cell activity. These data support the view that the nucleus tegmenti
      pontis may be prominently involved in relaying hippocampal afterdischarges to the
      cerebellum whereas much of the neocortical seizure activity is relayed trough the
      pons, inferior olive, and lateral reticular nucleus, rather than through nucleus
      tegmenti pontis. EEG tracings taken from these areas illustrate the findings.

PMID- 1097241
TI  - Increased cholesterol-ester formation during forced cholesterol synthesis in rat
      hepatocytes.
AB  - By comparing the incorporation of 3H20 and [14C]mevalonate into cholesterol in
      suspensions of rat hepatocytes, it was calculated that the cholesterol
      biosynthesis could be stimulated 4--7-fold by addition of mevalonate. The
      addition of 3.3--6.7 mM mevalonate also caused a 5--6-fold increase in the
      proportion of newly synthesized cholesterol that was esterifield. The
      esterification of radioactive cholesterol, entering the cells by exchange with
      surrounding plasma lipoproteins was also increased, indicating that a true
      increase in the rate of cholesterol ester formation rather than a more selective
      utilization of newly synthesized cholesterol for esterification, occurred. The
      increase in cholesterol esterification was not abolished by cycloheximide,
      indicating that it did not require an increased synthesis of cholesterol
      esterifying enzyme. Instead the data suggest that the supply of cholesterol to
      the esterifiable pool may be an important factor, regulating the rate of
      cholesterol ester formation in rat liver. The addition of 0.5 mM oleic acid to
      the medium did not increase the degree of cholesterol esterification
      significantly, whereas 2 mM oleic acid bound to 1% albumin increased the
      proportion of newly synthesized cholesterol that was esterified, by about 70%.
      The cells secreted radioactive cholesterol esters into the medium. Cycloheximide
      inhibited this secretion to about 80% but did not affect the rate at which newly
      synthesized cholesterol was transferred to surrounding plasma lipoproteins.

PMID- 1097242
TI  - Stimultaneous purification of Escherichia coli termination factor rho, RNAase III
      and RNAase H.
AB  - This communication describes a method for the stimultaneous purification of
      Escherichia coli termination factor rho, RNAase III and RNAase H, which is rapid,
      reproducible and high in yield. Depending on how cells are grown 0.5 to 1 mg of
      RNAase III, 1 to 2 mg of RNAase H and 1 to 2 mg of rho are obtained from 100 g
      wet cells. RNAase III and rho are pure proteins, and RNAase H 80% pure. In
      addition it is shown that pure RNAase III degrades only RNA. RNA duplexes, and is
      responsible for the sizing of early T7 mRNA. The active form of RNAase III is
      composed of two identical subunits having a molecular weight of 23 500. Native
      RNAase H which specifically hydrolyses the RNA moiety of an RNA. DNA hybrid, is a
      single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of 21 000 The amino acid
      composition of termination factor rho is also reported.

PMID- 1097243
TI  - Studies on energy-linked reactions: genetic analysis of venturicidin-resistant
      mutants.
AB  - Genetic analysis of venturicidin-resistant mutants has revealed the presence of
      both nuclear and mitochondrial genes responsible for determining venturicidin
      sensitivity/resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Recombination studies show
      that the mutation with phenotype VENR is situated at mitochondrial locus OL I and
      is therefore extremely useful of future genetic manipulations as it gives a
      unique phenotype to this locus distinguishable from the second oligomycin locus
      OL II. The mutations with phenotype VENR OLYR are linked to oligomycin locus OL I
      and have been allocated a new mitochondrial locus, namely OL III. Three factor
      croses involving the venturicidin mutations at loci OL I and OL III have shown
      them to freely recombine with the other mitochondrial loci R I, R III and OL II.
      The mitochondrial genetic map is therefore represented as four 'recombinational
      linkage groups'. A fifth linkage group is also specified for mutants with
      phenotype VENR TETR, and is probably located on a separate DNA molecule from the
      four other groups.

PMID- 1097244
TI  - Glyceraldehyde phosphate at the reducing terminus of Salmonella Q haptens.
      Salmonella montevideo.
AB  - The O antigen polysaccharide of Salmonella montevideo was isolated from a core
      defective mutant by the phenol/water procedure, and was suspected to contain
      phosphomonester and cyclic phosphodiester at its reducing end in anology to the O
      hapten from Salmonella typhimurium (Kent and Obsborn, 1968. Therefore, it was
      chromatographed on a DEAE-cellulose column. Whereas one part eluted with water
      the other part of the polysaccharide could only be eluted with buffer. Both
      fractions were further purified on Sephadex G100 and contained mannose, glucose,
      N-acetylglucosamine and phosphate in a molar ratio of 4:1:1: less than 0.1. In
      order to specifically label the reducing end phosphate was removed enzymatically,
      or the presumed cyclic diester was cleaved by mild hydrolysis, and the fractions
      were reduced with sodium horo[3H]hydride. Both fractions yield mainly
      [3H]glycerol after hydrolysis and paper chromatogaphy. In addition, [3H]mannitol
      and [H]monohydroxyacetone could be identified by paper chromatography and were
      concluded to be the result of phosphate migration and beta-elimination reactions
      taking place during the isolation procedure and the various treatments prior to
      sodium boro[3H]hydride reduction. These findings in addition to periodate
      oxidation studies indicated that the O antigen polysaccharide of Salmonella
      montevideo had glyceraldehyde phosphate at its reducing end. From the
      incorporation of 3H into the polysaccharide the O antigen was calculated to
      consist of about 19 repeating units of 6 sugar residues each.

PMID- 1097245
TI  - Ribosomal RNA genes in the amoebal and plasmodial forms of the slime mould
      Physarum polycephalum.
AB  - 1. The degree of homology between ribosomal RNA isolated from microplasmodia and
      amoebae of the slime mould Physarum polycephalum has been determined by competive
      hybridisation of the RNA from the two sources to homologous DNA in solution. The
      extent of competition was measured both by hybridisation to saturation and by
      following the kinetics of hybrid formation. In each case competition was found to
      be 100%, indicating that the ribosomal RNAs from the two, quite different
      vegetative forms of the organism exhibit a high degree of homology and are
      probably transcribed from the same genes. 2. The relationship between the amount
      of nuclear DNA that codes for ribosomal RNA (rDNA) and ploidy has been
      investigated in three strains of P. polycephalum which exhibit a 1:2:5 variation
      in the amount of DNA per nucleus. Ribosomal RNA saturation values were determined
      by hybridisation to DNA isolated from prophase nuclei of plasmodia. The
      proportion of rDNA was found to be constant at 0.16--0.18% of the total genome in
      the three strains.

PMID- 1097246
TI  - The effects of overloading in density-gradient centrifugation.
AB  - The effects of overloading of the sample zone in density gradient centrifugation
      have been studied by use of a three-component shelf-lavered sample in which the
      total protein concentration was increased by addition of different amounts of
      albumin. It is found that overloading of the gradient gives rise to particle
      movements which are not predictable from the Svedberg equation. The two typical
      effects of overloading are dislocation of the zone mass centres and changes in
      the zone shapes. It is found that the magnitude of the calculated sedimentation
      coefficients increases nearly linearly with increasing sample load. The changes
      in zone shapes are found to depend on the specific load and two different
      patterns may be distinguished. The zone of the sample component which causes the
      overloading is defined as primarily overloaded and the others as secondarily
      overloaded. In primarily overloaded zones the original Gaussian shape is lost,
      while in secondarily overloaded zones the Gaussian zone shape is maintained,
      although a zone broadening is seen. Extreme high loads are found to be able to
      divide single zones. As a whole these experiments show that evidence for a non
      overloaded set of experimental conditions must be provided, when density gradient
      centrifugation is used for determination of sedimentation coefficients. For
      preparative gradient centrifugations the power of resolution will decrease with
      increasing sample load. A simple method to detect overloading in density gradient
      centrifugations is described.

PMID- 1097247
TI  - The "hidden ligand" of the galactose-binding protein.
AB  - Following tryptophan fluorescence of the galactose-binding during dissociation of
      the ligand it has been found that glucose dissociates with a half life of less
      than 5 s. Similarly, fast dissociation was also observed by following release of
      radioactively labelled glucose from Sepharose-coupled galactose-binding protein
      upon dilution. Accordingly, a previous claim that the galactose-binding protein
      contains glucose as a non-dissociable "hidden ligand" [G. Richarme and A. Kepes
      (1974) Eur. J. Biochem. 45, 127-133] has to be reinterpreted

PMID- 1097248
TI  - Purification and characterization of a new factor which restores protein
      synthesis in  a conditionally lethal mutant of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The mutant Escherichia coli strain, N4316, has a temperature-sensitive defect in
      a protein factor required for translation in vitro of bacteriophage f2 RNA. We
      have purified the normal counterpart of this factor from a wild-type strain,
      using as an assay its ability to restore the activity of mutant extracts at non
      permissive temperature. Our final preparation is free of known initiation,
      propagation, and release factors, proving that the factor is a new component
      required for translation. The new factor has a molecular weight of 95000 with
      preliminary data suggesting a subunit structure. 70% of this protein is found in
      the soluble-cell fraction, the rest being associated with 70-S ribosomes. Kinetic
      analyses indicate that the factor acts early in translation. Expression of the
      defect is highly dependent on the Mg2+ concentration, no temperature-sensitivity
      being apparent at 15 mM Mg2+. At lower Mg2+ concentrations, the defect is
      expressed only with natural mRNAs such as f2 RNA, and not with artifical polymers
      such as poly(U). This specificity suggests that the factor may function in events
      coded by special sequences in the natural messengers

PMID- 1097249
TI  - Topology of binding sites for carbamyl phosphate in aspartate transcarbamylase
      from Escherichia coli. The use of pyridoxal phosphate as covalent probe.
AB  - Pyridoxal phosphate, a competitive inhibitor of aspartate transcarbamylase, binds
      to six sites in the catalytic and to twelve sites in the regulatory subunits of
      this hexameric protein. The properties of its association to the active sites of
      the enzyme are very similar to those observed with one of its substrates,
      carbamyl phosphate. It tightly binds to one half of the sites in the absence of
      succinate, an analogue of the second substrate. Since pyridoxal phosphate can be
      linked covalently to the protein by reduction, the distribution of the high
      affinity binding sites on catalytic trimers was studied after dissociation of
      modified holoenzyme. Electrophoresis of isolated subunits under non-denaturing
      conditions revealed four distinct bands, corresponding to trimers containing 0 to
      3 pyridoxal phosphate derivatives. The distribution among the four species as a
      function of ligand concentration in the absence of succinate indicates that in
      the native oligomer, pyridoxal phosphate (and by extrapolation, carbamyl
      phosphate) binds to both catalytic trimers, rather than to three sites on a
      single subunit.

PMID- 1097250
TI  - Digestion with matrix-bound proteases as a possible probe for the topography of
      the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli.
AB  - DNA-dependent RNA polymerase lacking subunit sigma was digested with matrix-bound
      chymotrypsin or trypsin in the presence of 0.4 M NaCl in the monomeric form or at
      low ionic strength in the oligomeric form. Sigma-containing polymerase was
      digested in the same way. The course of proteolysis was followed by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after dissociation of the enzyme with
      detergent into subunits and the fragments produced by the hydrolysis. The
      following results were obtained. (a) The large subunits beta and beta' are
      cleaved with a much higher rate in the monomeric than in the oligomeric
      polymerase. (b) Both large subunits are hydrolysed with the same rate. (c)
      Subunit alpha is hydrolysed almost with the same rate in the monomeric and
      oligomeric form of polymerase. (d) The same was found for subunit sigma. (e)
      These effects were independent of the substrate specificity of the protease used.
      (f) Subunit sigma is much more susceptible to chymotrypsin than to trypsin. (g)
      Subunit sigma protects the large subunits beta and beta' against tryptic
      cleavage. These results can be explained in terms of a tentative model for the
      topography of the protomer-protomer interactions in RNA polymerase. According to
      this model subunits beta and beta' contain two sites for isologous interactions
      of protomers. One site can be blocked by attachment of subunit sigma. Subunits
      alpha and sigma do not participate directly in the association.

PMID- 1097251
TI  - Metabolism of the phosphatidylglycerol molecular species in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The fractionation, turnover and biosynthesis of the phosphatidylglycerol
      molecular species of Escherichia coli were studied. Monoacetyldiglycerides
      derived from phosphatidylglycerol were separated into five subfractions; cis
      vaccenyl-palmitoleyl, cis-vaccenyl-cis-vaccenyl, palmityl-palmitoleyl, palmityl
      cis-vaccenyl and the disaturated molecular species on a silica gel plate
      impregnated with silver nitrate. Individual molecular species had different
      turnover rates. The palmityl-cis-vaccenyl species was metabolized faster than the
      others. Disaturated species were rather stable. Various phosphatidylglycerol
      molecular species were synthesized in the presence of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate,
      palmityl-CoA, palmitoleyl-CoA, cis-vaccenyl-CoA and CTP by the E. coli membrane
      particulate fraction. When only the proportion of palmityl-CoA among the three
      acyl-CoAs was increased, the molecular species containing the palmityl residue
      were increased. Similar results were obtained with the other acyl-CoAs. However,
      a temperature-sensitive incorporation of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids
      into phosphatidylglycerol molecular species was observed with no change in the
      proportions of the three acyl-CoAs, completely reflecting the in vivo
      unsaturated/saturated ratio.

PMID- 1097252
TI  - No correlation between native and denatured forms of tRNA(Trp) form Escherichia
      coli and the resistant and sensitive molecules characterised by phosphorolysis. 
      Two classes of conformation characterised by phosphorolysis in both native and
      denatured tRNA(Trp).
AB  - Some tRNA molecules in solution are sensitive to attack by polynucleotide
      phosphorylase while others are resistant, even with pure species of tRNA. Further
      analysis of this behaviour has revealed an underlying microheterogeneity in tRNA
      structure. In order to clarify the relation between the sensitive and resistant
      classes of tRNA, and the native and denatured forms with respect to amino acid
      acceptance, the phosphorolysis of tRNATrp from Escherichia coli has been
      investigated. Native tRNATrp is similar to species examined previously: resistant
      and sensitive classes are observed and the sensitive proportion increases with
      temperature. At 20 degrees C both native and denatured tRNATrp are stable under
      phosphorolysis conditions, and denaturated tRNATrp is found also to possess
      resistant and sensitive classes. About 10% of both native and denatured tRNATrp
      is rapidly phosphorolysed at 20 degrees C, but the rate of conversion of
      resistant denatured tRNATrp to the sensitive class is about twice as fact as for
      the native form. Thus it can be concluded that the sensitive molecules of tRNATrp
      attacked by polynucleotide phosphorylase are not due to denaturation.

PMID- 1097253
TI  - Cerebral aspergillosis with special reference to cerebrospinal fluid findings.
AB  - A case of cerebral aspergillosis in a 69-year-old diabetic man is reported. The
      disease, initially presenting as headache and vertigo, was caused by Aspergillus
      fumigatus. Seven CSF specimens were examined. The main findings included
      decreased glucose and increased protein concentrations, leukocyte reaction and
      one positive culture for A. fumigatus. Neuropathological examination revealed
      granulomatous leptomeningitis and typical fungal hyphae. The process probably
      lasted for more than 1 year and was an important contributing factor to two brain
      stem infarcts.

PMID- 1097254
TI  - Association between myasthenia gravis and malignant lymphoma.
AB  - A reticulum cell sarcoma was diagnosed in a myasthenic patient 14 years after the
      first manifestations of myasthenia gravis. The association of myasthenia and
      malignancy, especially lymphoreticular, is discussed in view of an increasing
      number of similar reports in the literature. It is suggested that autoimmune
      diseases, myasthenia gravis and malignant processes might have a common
      underlying abnormal immune state related to thymic pathology.

PMID- 1097255
TI  - Kuru-plaques in creutzfeldt-jakob disease.
AB  - A case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease of cerebellar type is reported. In this case
      the cerebellar cortex exhibited classical Kuru-plaques. From a comparison of this
      finding with 50 cerebella from senile patients and patients with cerebellar
      atrophies it is concluded that the Kuru-plaque is specific for Creutzfeldt-Jakob
      disease, possible even for its cerebellar variant.

PMID- 1097256
TI  - Facilitation through hyperventilation of therapeutic effect of pyrithioxin in
      cerebral infarct patients.
AB  - A method of treatment consisting in administration of a neurodynamic drug,
      pyrithioxin, combined with a short period of hyperventilation (HV) was applied in
      cerebral infarct patients with hemiplegia. The combination was superior to
      pyrithioxin alone for the motor recovery of these patients. In some cases, it
      induced immediately a partial restoration of motility. The combination constantly
      brought about an increase in urinary excretion of norepinephrine and
      vanilmandelic acid, which failed to occur after pyrithioxin or HV alone. HV
      appears to facilitate the neural effects of the drug by promoting its transfer
      into the CNS.

PMID- 1097257
TI  - His bundle electrograms in patients with congestive cardiomyopathy.
AB  - His bundle electrograms were obtained at rest and during atrial pacing in 16
      patients with congestive cardiomyopathy. Increments in heart rate during atrial
      pacing were associated with progressive increases in the A-H interval in all
      patients. Three patients had abnormal conduction (prolonged P-H) proximal to the
      His bundle; atrial pacing resulted in second degree A-V block (A-H block) in
      these three patients at paced rates below 130/min; these three patients were on
      digitalis at the time of the study. Two patients ahd left bundle branch block
      associated with a prolonged H-V interval suggesting a conduction disturbance in
      the contralateral bundle system either at or distal to the branching portion of
      the His bundle. Two patients had H-V prolongation in the presence of a normal QRS
      duration which suggests delay in the bundle of His. Two patients with normal H-V
      intervals had marked prolongation of the total intraventricular conduction time
      (H-S prolongation). The His bundle electrogram uncovered abnormalities in
      atrioventricular conduction not apparent on the standard electrocardiogram and
      has allowed expansion of our knowledge regarding the electrophysiologic features
      of congestive cardiomyopathy.

PMID- 1097258
TI  - A new method for the evaluation of analgesic activity using adjuvant-induced
      arthritis in the rat.
AB  - A bioassay was developed for the assessment of analgesic activity by using pain
      resulting from a reproducible pathological condition. The vocalization displayed
      by rats with adjuvant-induced polyarthritis was defined as an expression of pain,
      and a decrease of this response was established as specifically demonstrating
      analgesic activity. This method was capable of detecting the analgesic activity
      of morphine-like and narcotic antagonist-type analgesics, as well as the activity
      of the antipyretic analgesics. The relative potencies of known analgesic agents
      determined with this technique closely approximated the potencies of these
      analgesics in man. The instrumentation for recording and measuring the vocal
      response of arthritic rats is described.

PMID- 1097260
TI  - alpha-Methylnoradrenaline induced hypotension and bradycardia after
      administration into the area of the nucleus tractus solitarii.
AB  - Bilateral injections of alpha-methylnoradrenaline into the area of the nucleus
      tractus solitarii of the brain stem caused a dose-dependent decrease of systemic
      arterial blood pressure and heart rate of anesthetized rats. The effects were
      prevented and even reversed by a preceding injection of the alpha-adrenoceptor
      blocking agent phentolamine. Pressor doses of angiotensin II and of arginine
      vasopressin at the same site failed to drcrease blood pressure and heart rate.

PMID- 1097259
TI  - Effect of methyldopa treatment on peripheral sympathetic nerve function in the
      dog.
AB  - Administration of methyldopa (100 mg/kg, p.o. twice daily for 3 days) to mongrel
      dogs produced a significant decrease in the mean blood pressure (MBP) and heart
      rate (HR). Chronotropic responses to cardioaccelerator nerve stimulation and
      vasoconstrictor responses to lumbar sympathetic nerve stimulation were
      significantly attenuated in the treated dogs. Pressor and chronotropic responses
      to bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO) and tyramine were also markedly reduced
      following treatment with methyldopa, which is consistent with the clinical
      findings that chronic methyldopa treatment in hypertensive patients impairs
      cardiovascular reflexes. Methylnorepinephrine (MNE) was significantly less potent
      than norepinephrine (NE) in producing an increase in MBP or hindleg perfusion
      pressure, while the chronotropic and inotropic potency of MNE was about equal to
      NE. These results indicate that treatment with methyldopa in the dog does indeed
      produce an impairment of peripheral sympathetic neuronal function to certain
      organs and this peripheral effect of the drug may be of importance in accounting
      for its antihypertensive action in the dog.

PMID- 1097261
TI  - Impaired radioprotective capacity and reduced proliferative rate of bone marrow
      from neonatally thymectomized mice;.
AB  - The colony forming capacity of bone marrow from neonatally thymectomized mice is
      reduced in comparison with that of normal animalsmin addition to this
      quantitative change, we observed that the bone marrow of thymectomized animals
      has a reduced radioprotective effect upon inoculation into lethally irradiated
      recipient mice. It was also found that the cellularity of spleen colonies derived
      from bone marrow of thymectomized animals is lower than that of intact controls.
      In vitro uptake of 3H-thymidine into cells of spleen colonies, and rate of DNA
      synthesis measured in vitro were found to be reduced in cells derived from bone
      marrow of thymectomized donors; The initially observed reduction in colony
      forming capactiy of bone marrow from neonatally thymectomized mice could be
      reversed by thymus reimplantation=

PMID- 1097262
TI  - Trypanosoma lewisi: immunohematopoietic interrelationships of the infection in
      normal, hypoxic, and rebound animals.

PMID- 1097264
TI  - Index of biochemical reviews 1974.

PMID- 1097263
TI  - Plasmodium berghei: immunologic enhancement of antigen by adjuvant addition.

PMID- 1097265
TI  - An experimental analysis of behavioral factors in drug dependence.

PMID- 1097266
TI  - Behavioral functions of narcotic antagonists: response-drug contingencies.
AB  - Behavioral effects of the narcotic antagonist naloxone are discussed in terms of
      stimulus functions. As an eliciting stimulus, the effects of naloxone depend on
      prior administration of narcotic. Administered independently of responding,
      naloxone can increase or decrease rates of narcotic-reinforced responding
      depending on the dose of naloxone. When naloxone is administered as a consequence
      of narcotic self-injection, the further probability of that behavior is reduced;
      thus, naloxone can function as a punishing stimulus. As a negatively-reinforcing
      stimulus, naloxone can maintain behavior which terminates or prevents delivery in
      morphine-dependent monkeys. In animals with previous naloxone avoidance-escape
      experience, unavoidable-inescapable injection of naloxone produce increases in
      avoidance-escape response rates. In these animals, responding subsequently can be
      maintained, at least temporarily, when naloxone is administered only as the
      consequence of responding.

PMID- 1097267
TI  - Catecholamines and drug-behavior interactions.
AB  - The effects of several drugs on schedule-controlled operant behavior depend on
      the baseline rate of responding and on the nature of the environmental conditions
      that maintain the behavior. For example, the effects of amphetamine and alpha
      methylpara-tyrosine (alphaMT) on operant performances depend to a large extent on
      the rate at which organisms respond under nondrug control conditions. A
      neurochemical mechanism for these rate-dependent effects has not been
      established. However, several lines of evidence suggest that catecholamines are
      functionally important in the maintenance of many types of behavior, including
      operant behavior. The fact that many drugs which exhibit drug-behavior
      interactions also produce characteristic effects on the metabolism of central
      nervous system catecholamines suggests that the performance of operant behavior
      per se modifies brain catecholamine metabolism and thereby the subsequent drug
      effect. Experiments measuring the depletion of catecholamines following synthesis
      inhibition with alphaMT, or changes in the specific activity of norepinephrine
      after tritium labeling, have shown that operant behavior alters the metabolism of
      catecholamines. Preliminary evidence  is also presented from experiments designed
      to determine variables associated with the performance-induced changes in
      catecholamine metabolism. These variables include: rate of responses; rate or
      density of reinforcement; and response-reinforcer contingencies. The results of
      these experiments suggest a neurochemical mechanism for the rate-dependent
      effects of amphetamine and alphaMT. A model is presented that may account for the
      general phenomenon of drug-behavior interactions in neurochemical terms.

PMID- 1097268
TI  - Assessing the impact of low level chemicals on development: behavioral and latent
      effects.
AB  - There is growing evidence that nervous tissue, especially the brain, is more
      sensitive to many foreign chemical substances than has previously been suspected,
      and that toxic effects may be manifested as subtle disturbances of behavior long
      before any classical symptoms of poisoning become apparent. Early detection of an
      insidious toxic process (behavioral toxicology) may enable the prevention or
      attenuation of harm to humans and other organisms. Adding to both the sensitivity
      and complexity of behavioral toxicologic testing is the increasing evidence that
      individuals are more vulnerable to adverse factors during the period of
      development (conception yields puberty) than at any other time in life. Subtle
      functional disturbances in organisms exposed while immature (behavioral
      teratology) may be one of the most sensitive indicators of chemical toxicity.
      Furthermore, defects in a developmental process may have only delayed effects. A
      morphological or biochemical lesion can be dormant and not manifest itself until
      later in life as a behavioral disorder, mental deficiency, or overt functional
      impairment. Longitudinal evaluation is required to detect long-term or delayed
      effects of a particular developmental influence on biological and behavioral
      functions. Examples from research on the subtle and latent consequences of
      prenatal and early postnatal exposure to methylmercury that illustrate the above
      principles are presented. It is concluded that behavioral and long-term
      evaluation of organisms exposed during development are essential for a thorough
      assessment of the impact of certain low level chemicals on human health.

PMID- 1097269
TI  - Amphetamine toxicity: behavioral and neuropathological indexes.

PMID- 1097270
TI  - The role of discriminative stimuli in modulating drug action.
AB  - Behavior reinforced in the presence of a stimulus comes under the control of the
      stimulus. A drug can then modify that control and, therefore, modify the behavior
      itself. Studies over the past 2 decades have shown that the nature of the
      controlling (or discriminative) stimulus can govern the degree to which drugs
      change performance. These experiments usually have compared behavior on various
      schedules of reinforcement with and without added discriminative stimuli. For
      instance, pigeons that had been trained on a fixed-interval schedule showed great
      changes in response distribution after amphetamine and scopolamine. The same
      birds, when performing on a fixed-interval schedule to which time-correlated
      discriminative stimuli had been added, showed smaller changes in response
      distribution. Other pigeons were trained to make a minimum number of consecutive
      responses on one key before a peck on a second key would be reinforced; beta
      amphetamine and scopolamine led to pronounced increases in premature switching.
      Adding a discriminative stimulus when the response requirement was fulfilled
      increased the likelihood that a switch would occur only after the appropriate
      number of pecks had been emitted. It also attenuated the effects of the drugs.
      The presence of discriminative stimuli did not make as large a difference in
      performance in either of these experiments when chlorpromazine and promazine were
      studied. In general, work with other schedules of reinforcement supports the
      conclusion that behavior under stron external stimulus control is less apt to be
      readily affected by many drugs. Addition of the discriminative stimulus can also
      "improve" the behavior of pigeons that have been given enough methylmercury to
      increase greatly the variability of their performance.

PMID- 1097271
TI  - Inhibition of implantation in the golden hamster by zona-precipitating antibody.
AB  - Antisera prepared against saline extracts of hamster ovary, and made specific to
      ovary by absorption with small intestine, precipitated the zona pellucida of
      provulatory hamster ova and all early embryonic stages examined, including the
      pronuclear, 2-, 4-, 8-, and 16-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages; this
      indicates that (1) the zona antigen is present during oocyte maturation and early
      embryonic development and (2) the antigen does not change its ability to react
      with zonaprecipitating antibody. Embryos in the morula and blastocyst stages,
      treated in vitro with zona-precipitating antibody, pre-immunization rabbit serum,
      or control media were transferred into synchronized pseudopregnant recipients.
      Precipitation of zonae by specific antibody inhibited implantation by blocking
      the process known as zona shedding, and thereby prevented the embryo from making
      contact with the uterus.

PMID- 1097272
TI  - Evaluation of human sera for antibodies against sperm by immunofluorescence.
AB  - Newborn cord sera and sera from pregnant women and from couples with unexplained
      infertility were observed by indirect immunofluorescence for reactions against
      human sperm. The sera from the infertile couples had been tested for macro
      agglutination and complement-dependent immobilizing antibodies as well.
      Nonspecific fluorescence was noted only on the quatorial segment. Acrosomes and
      tail end-pieces were strongly immunofluorescent (positive at a serum dilution of
      1:16) with 60 to 70% and 30 to 50%, respectively, of the sera from each main
      group, with the exception of the nonreactive cord blood. End-piece fluorescence
      was primarily due to the IgM globulin fraction. It is suggested that cord serum
      anti-sperm antibodies, directed mainly against the tail main piece, are due to
      IgG passively acquired from the mother. There was no apparent difference in
      immunofluorescence between infertile patients and control groups (except for the
      acrosome and end-piece, with cord sera). However, when the sera from infertile
      patients were subdivided into groups containing only agglutinating antibody, only
      immobilizing antibody, and both types of antibody, a higher percentage of the
      sera from the group having only agglutinating antibody reacted with all sperm
      areas. This reaction seemed more uniform over the sperm and included the usually
      negative posnuclear cap and midpiece. The other subgroups showed no obvious
      trends.

PMID- 1097273
TI  - [Ultrasonic apparatus and its use in parodontology].

PMID- 1097274
TI  - [Current trends in periodontal surgery. II. Periodontal bone surgery].

PMID- 1097275
TI  - A new concept for the treatment of hyperpathia after nerve trauma.

PMID- 1097276
TI  - Basement membranes: current concepts of structure and synthesis.
AB  - Basement membranes are composed of dissimilar protein subunits. The procollagen
      like subunit is associated with noncollagenous matrix glycoproteins. The
      proportion of the latter components varies among basement membranes. The various
      subunits interact via hydrogen bonds, disulfide bonds and aldehyde-derived cross
      links. The extensive degree of cross-linking renders basement membranes highly
      insoluble. A procollagen-like molecule, extracted from calf anterior lens
      capsule, exhibits on electron microscopy a filamentous component with a globular
      portion attached at one end. Treatment of basement membranes with pepsin at low
      temperature digests the noncollagenous glycoprotein components and allows the
      collagenous component to come into solution. Purification of the pepsin
      solubilized collagen from basement membranes reveals a molecule composed of three
      identical alpha-chains. Other unique features include 40-50 residues of
      hydroxylysine, 128-140 residues of 4-hydroxyproline, 12-15 residues of 3
      hydroxyproline, 29 residues of arginine, 35 residues alanine, 2-4 residues of
      half-cystine, 38 residues of glucosyl-galactosyl-hydroxylysine, 3 residues of
      mannose, 2 residues of glucosamine, and 0.3 residues of fucose. Immunochemical
      studies indicate the presence of three distinct antigenic components and support
      the evidence that one is collagenous and the other two are noncollagenous
      glycoproteins. One of the latter corresponds to the non-helical extension of
      procollagen. The other is a large-molecular weight highly cross-linked matrix
      protein.

PMID- 1097277
TI  - Changes of pituitary sensitivity to LH-RH during the rat estrous cycle.
AB  - The plasma LH (luteinizing hormone) response to 200 ng of LH-RH (LH-releasing
      hormone) injected subcutaneously at different stages of the estrous cycle in
      normal rats under Surital anesthisia was maximal during the afternoon of
      proestrus and lowest on diestrus I. The area under the plasma LH curve measured
      at 13:00 on proestrus was approximately 7-fold higher than that obtained at 15:30
      h on diestrus I. Intermediate responses were found on diestrus II, estrus and
      morning of proestrus. An approsimately 2.5-fold higher LH response was observed
      on proestrus than on diestrus I after injection of [D-Ala2, des Gly-NH2-10] LH-RH
      ethylamide at 15:00 h. That these marked changes of LH response are not secondary
      to interference by endogenous LH-RH, changes of the metabolism or transport of
      exogenous LH-RH or modification of plasma LH clearance is ascertanied by the
      finding of similar changes of pituitary sensitivity to LH-RH under in vitro
      conditions using pituitaries collected at the same stag-s of the estrous cycle.
      As measured both in vivo and in vitro, not only the amplitude but also the speed
      of LH response are maximal during the afternoon of proestrus and minimal on
      diestrus I.

PMID- 1097278
TI  - In vitro pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in
      intact and castrated male and female rats.
AB  - The in vitro response of pituitaries isolated from both normal and 18-21 day post
      castration male and female intact rats to incremental doses of synthetic
      gonadotropin-releasing hormone (LH-RH) has been investigated. Intact male
      pituitaries released luteinizing hormone (LH) maximally at the smallest dose of
      LH-RH (0.1 ng/ml) whereas intact female pituitaries released LH in a dose
      response fashion. FSH release from intact male pituitaries was considerably
      greater than that from intact female pituitaries. As with LH, intact male
      pituitaries appeared maximally stimulated at 0.1 ng/ml of LH-RH. Intact female
      pituitaries did not release FSH until a 10 ng/ml dose of LH-RH was used. Male and
      female castrate pituitaries were more susceptible to LH-RH-induced LH and FSH
      release than were their intact counterparts, although this was more pronounced
      with regard to LH release. In addition castrate male pituitaries were more
      sensitive to lower doses of LH-RH than were castrate female pituitaries, this
      being most pronounced regarding LH release. Castrate female pituitaries released
      less FSH at the 100 ng/ml dose than at the 10 ng/ml dose, possibly indicating
      inhibition at these higher doses. In addition, pituitary extraction and serum
      from normal and castrate male and female rats were examined for LH and FSH
      content. LH content of castrated rat pituitaries of both sexes was considerably
      greater than that of their intact counterparts, as expected. However, castrate
      male pituitaries contained significantly less FSH than intact male pituitaries,
      whereas the opposite was true for the female groups. Serum LH and FSH levels were
      increased in the castrate groups with no difference between sexes. Serum from
      intact males contained considerably more FSH than did the serum from intact
      females.

PMID- 1097279
TI  - RAST studies : IgE antibodies to Dermatogoides pteronyssinus (house dust mite),
      Aspergillus fumigatus and beta-lactoglobulin in sudden death in infancy syndrome
      (SDIS).
AB  - The incidence of 2.5 SDIS cases per 1,000 live births found in Western Australia
      is in agreement with figures reported for other centres. While the age range of
      SDIS victims extended from two weeks to 15 months, 57 per cent of deaths occurred
      in children of two to four months of age. Boys outnumbered girls 1.6:1.
      Environmental factors are implicated in that the majority of deaths occurred in a
      biphasic distribution - autumn and late winter months. No significant differences
      were observed in total IgE levels in serum from SDIS victims, post mortem
      children who died in trauma of known aetiology and live control children of the
      same age range. Serum IgE antibodies to D.pteronyssinus were found in 37% of SDIS
      victims compared with 7% of matched controls (post mortem plus live groups). IgE
      antibodies to beta-lactoglobulin, the major allergen of cow's milk, appeared with
      twice the frequency in SDIS vs. control group but both groups showed a similar
      incidence of antibodies to the allergens of Aspergillus fumigatus. The prevalence
      of IgE antibodies to D.pteronyssinus in SDIS victims who died in the late winter 
      - early spring period was double that found in the group who died in the autumn
      period. Sixtyfour percent of the SDIS victims had antibodies to two or more of
      the three allergens tested while the control sera were positive to only one
      allergen. These results support the hypothesis that anaphylaxis induced by
      immediate hypersensitivity to D.pteronyssinus in particular may be one of the
      causative factors in SDIS in Western Australia.

PMID- 1097280
TI  - Multiple mycobacterial antigens in diagnostic tuberculins.
AB  - Guinea-pig antisera containing IgG1 antibodies have been prepared either with
      killed mycobacterial in paraffin oil or living BCG or intradermal injections of
      fractions of unheated culture filtrate. Sera, found to contain antibodies
      specific for different mycobacterial antigens are used in passive cutaneous
      anaphylaxis (PCA) in 12 times the dilution-to-extinction titer. Animals prepared
      with sera respond in all sites when unheated culture filtrate, strain H37Rv, is
      injected intravenously (i.v.) at 17-20 hours. Injection of diagnostic tuberculins
      i.v. into parallel recipients, in selected amounts, reveals, through reacting
      sites, the presence of the corresponding antigens and some information on
      relative amounts. Tuberculins of PPD type are precipitated from heated culture
      filtrate by ammonium sulfate or trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or benzoic acid. Old
      Tuberculins are made classically by long heating and evaporation. In all products
      heat-labile antigens are absent or present in small amount; yet, PPD-S was found
      to possess five antigens. In all PPD products, there was one dominant antigen,
      absent from Old Tuberculins. The dominant antigen of OT's was excluded from the
      TCA-PPD's but was present in most ammonium sulfate-type PPD's. It can be
      concluded that diagnostic testing made with OT detects a particular delayed-type
      sensitivity that is different in specificity from that which reacts to TCA-PPD's.
      Many but not all of the ammonium sulfate PPD's test for both specificities.
      Several different delayed-type sensitivities are acquired during infection.
      Supported by Grant AI 01258 of the National Institute of Health.

PMID- 1097281
TI  - Physical-chemical properties of precipitated and fractionated allergens from
      Mycobacterium bovis.
AB  - Seven allergens were prepared from cultures of Mycobacterium bovis. The culture
      filtrates were divided in half and each aliquot precipitated with either ammonium
      sulfate or trichloroacetic acid to prepare purified protein derivatives (PPD).
      These samples of PPD-bovis were analyzed for nitrogen, carbohydrate, RNA and DNA.
      Physical tests, such as: cellulose acetate electrophoresis, disc gel
      electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation, isoelectricfocusing and gel filtration were
      also performed. Precipitation with ammonium sulfate provided PPD's with less
      impurities than those precipitated with trichloroacetic acid although there was
      little difference in the allergenic activity of the products precipitated by
      either method. Several lots of PPD-bovis were fractionated by means of
      ultrafiltration and the fractions analyzed by many of the above chemical and
      physical tests as well as tests for amino acid composition and allergenic
      activity. The greatest amount of protein was found in the fractions with an
      apparent molecular weight in excess of 300,000. The carbohydrate was usually
      distributed in proportion to the amount of protein in each fraction while the
      nucleic acids were predominately found in the higher molecular weight fractions.
      The amino acid analysis and allergenic activity of the various molecular weight
      fractions provided data that would support the theory that the various fractions
      are polymers of a small molecular weight sub-unit. The number of amino acid
      residues were calculated and the minimum molecular weight of the tubercular
      protein estimated to be 8700. The estimated molecular weights of the fractions
      and the amino acid data concur with those previously reported for proteins from
      other mycobacteria.

PMID- 1097282
TI  - Adipose tissue cellularity in relation to metabolism in juvenile onset diabetes
      mellitus.
AB  - Adipose tissue cellularity was determined by a microscopic method in 18 men
      suffering from insulin dependent, juvenile diabetes mellitus for several years.
      These results were set in relation to the degree of clinical control estimated
      from the average urinary glucose output or fasting blood glucose during the year
      preceding the investigation. Furthermore, the results were compared with controls
      of comparable age and of the same sex. Both young and middleaged diabetic men had
      smaller fat cells than non-diabetic men. Fat cell size was correlated to the
      degree of clinical control, small fat cells indicating a poor control. It was
      suggested that fat cell size might be included as a measure of the long-term
      metabolic control in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1097283
TI  - [Editorial: A lession of doctor Leo Eloesser].

PMID- 1097284
TI  - [Physician-patient interaction. Historical sketch].

PMID- 1097285
TI  - In vitro culture of human bronchial epithelium.

PMID- 1097286
TI  - In vitro cellular responses to autologous tumor extract detected by inhibition of
      macrophage migration.
AB  - Indirect macrophage migration technique was employed to study in vitro cellular
      immune response to autologous tumor extract in man. Cellular hypersensitivity to
      autologous tumor extract was detected in 21 (26%) of 80 patients with various
      carcinomas preoperatively by means of the in vitro production of macrophage
      migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The relative frequency of MIF production in
      these patients varied inversely with progress of the diseases. The follow-up
      studies reveal postoperative decline of the cellular hypersensitivity after
      curative operation. These findings indicate that this assay can be applied for
      detecting cellular hypersensitivity to autologous tumor extracts in clinical
      situation.

PMID- 1097287
TI  - Second conference of digestive disease as a national problem, national institutes
      ofhealth, bethesda, maryland. panel 3. research needs in digestive disease.

PMID- 1097288
TI  - Pancreatic cholera. Sudies on tumoral secretions and pathophysiology of diarrhea.
AB  - Tumoral secretions and pathophysiology of diarrhea were studied in 1 patient with
      pancreatic cholera. High concentrations of vasoactive intestinal peptide were
      found in both systemic blood and tumoral extracts, together with increased plasma
      levels of calcitonin and protaglandins E and Falpha. Gastric inhibitory peptide
      and gastrointestinal and pancreatic hormones were absent from the tumor, except
      for small amounts of glucagon, and their blood levels were normal. Decreased
      basal but normal pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion, normal basal and
      secretin-stimulated pancreatic secretion, increased volume of gallbladder bile
      with high bicarbonate, and low bile salt concentrations were observed, but the
      electrolyte content and flow rate of fluid passing the duodenojejunal junction
      were within normal limits. Small intestine was found to be the origin of the
      water and electrolyte fasting losses. Jejunum was the site of bicarbonate
      secretion. Jejunal glucose and leucine-stimulated water and sodium transports
      were also strikingly decreased, whereas the absorption rates of the sugar and
      amino acid were normal. Colon reabsorbed high amounts of water and sodium but
      increased potassium losses. Biological effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide
      may explain most of the patient's upper digestive secretion abnormalities and
      small intestinal function impairments, whereas secondary aldosteronism might
      explain the modified colonic function.

PMID- 1097289
TI  - Synthesis and secretion of protein and pepsinogen by rabbit gastric mucosa in
      organ culture.
AB  - When maintained in organ culture, rabbit gastric mucosal biopsies incorporated
      [14tc]leucine into tissue protein and secreted labeled protein into culture
      medium steadily for 24 hr. Incorporation of radioactivity was abolished by
      cycloheximide. When examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis,
      dextran gel filtration, and ion exchange chromatography, 65 to 90% of
      macromolecular radioactivity secreted into culture medium migrated coincidentally
      with enzymatically assayed pepsinogen. Pepsin activity in cultured biopsies did
      not decrease during 24 hr of organ culture. Nevertheless, pepsin activity
      increased linearly in culture medium during this period. Acetylcholine markedly
      stimulated secretion of labeled protein and pepsinogen by cultured biopsies. In
      the presence of a subthreshold concentration (10(-10) M) of acetylcholine,
      pentagastrin, secretin, and the octapeptide of cholecystokinin, all stimulated
      protein secretion. Over-all incorporation of [14C]leucine into protein by
      cultured biopsies was stimulated by 10(-9) M pentagastrin. These results directly
      demonstrate: (1) synthesis and secretion of protein and pepsinogen by isolated
      gastric mucosa, (2) stimulation of gastric secretion of protein by acetylcholine
      and polypeptide hormones, and (3) stimulation of gastric synthesis of protein by
      pentagastrin.

PMID- 1097290
TI  - Our new president: Fred Kern, Jr.

PMID- 1097291
TI  - Acute fulminant hepatic failure. Potential therapeutic role of hemoperfusion.

PMID- 1097292
TI  - The riddle of the sphincters.

PMID- 1097293
TI  - Arterial vasopressin infusions: science or seance?

PMID- 1097294
TI  - Metabolism of lithocholate in healthy man. II. Enterohepatic circulation.
AB  - Studies were carried out in healthy subjects to characterize the enterohepatic
      circulation of lithocholate and its metabolites. When mixed with bile and infused
      into the jejunum, radiolabeled lithocholylglycine was absorbed more rapidly and
      more efficiently than sulfolithocholylglycine, based on recovery from bile. When
      these metabolites were administered at 1800 hr in a liquid test meal containing
      radiolabeled taurocholate as an absorbable marker, 60% of lithocholylglycine was
      conserved, based on recovery of radioactivity in fasting bile the following
      morning, but only 20% of sulfolithocholylglycine was conserved. Iotope dilution
      studies in 4 subjects showed that daily input of lithocholate into the bile acid
      pool averaged 100 mg per day, about one-third to one-half of the chenodeoxycholic
      acid synthesis, but the t 1/2 was extremely short (0.74 day). The small
      lithocholate pool (about 100 mg) could be explained by rapid fecal excretion
      caused by sulfation which decreases passive absorption in the jejunum and active
      absorption in the ileum. Experiments with [35S]sulfo- [3H]lithocholylglycine
      indicated little desulfation during enterohepatic cycling but rapid desulfation
      in the distal intestine, with absorption of 35S (presumably as sulfate) followed
      by urinary excretion. A decreasing 35S:3H ratio in bile indicated that some
      steroid moiety was conserved to be resulfated. These studies indicate that
      considerable lithocholate is absorbed from the distal intestine in healthy
      subjects but efficient sulfation results in rapid fecal excretion, so that the
      total lithocholate pool remains small. A multicompartment model, previously used
      to describe the metabolism of the steroid and amino acid moieties of the major
      conjugated biliary bile acids, was extended to encompass lithocholyl conjugates
      and their sulfates.

PMID- 1097295
TI  - A controlled trial of azathioprine in the management of chronic ulcerative
      colitis.
AB  - To determine the efficacy of azathioprine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis,
      a 6-month double blind trial was carried out. Thirty patients with chronic
      ulcerative colitis who required the equivalent of at least 10 mg of prednisone
      per day over the 3 months prior to entering the study were randomized into
      placebo and azathioprine (1.5 mg per kg) treatment groups. Reduction of steriods
      was a major objective of the trial. Age and sex distribution, number of bowel
      movements, sense of well being, steroid dosage, and findings on proctoscopy,
      rectal biopsy, and colon X-ray initially were similar in the two groups. No side
      effects were associated with azathioprine. Although steroid dose was lower (p
      less than 0.05) in the azathioprine group at the termination of the study, no
      difference between the two groups could be detected in the number of bowel
      movements, sense of well being, and findings on proctoscopy during the first 3
      weeks compared with the last 3 and during the first 3 months compared with the
      last 3. Although azathioprine does not confer dramatic benefit upon patients with
      chronic ulcerative colitis who require steroids, it does permit reduction of
      steroid dosage without apparent worsening of the disease. Its major value in
      ulcerative colitis may be in facilitating significant decreases or complete
      discontinuance of steroids.

PMID- 1097296
TI  - Complications of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Analysis of 300
      consecutive cases.
AB  - A retrospective analysis of complications arising from 300 consecutive attempts
      at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in 278 patients was
      undetaken to determine the rate and severity of complications. An over-all
      complication rate of 5% (15 cases) was documented. Complications were categorized
      in terms of those arising from endoscopy itself or from the administration of
      pharmacological agents (7 cases), and those observed after the injection of
      radioopaque contrast into the biliary tree or pancreas (8 cases). Complications
      which might be considered coincidental to a patient's underlying illness were not
      excluded. Complications were significantly more frequent after injection of
      diseased duct systems. Brief, self-limited pancreatitis after retrograde
      pancreatography occurred in 5 of 90 patients with pancreatic disease. No cases of
      pancreatitis were observed after retrograde pancreatography in 102 patients
      without pancreatic disease X2 = 5.82, P less than 0.025). Sepsis occurred after
      retrograde cholangiography in 3 of 56 patients with extrahepatic biliary
      obstruction. In the absence of extrahepatic obstruction, cholangiography was
      performed without complication in 85 cases (X2 = 3.62, P less than 0.1), although
      25 of these had intense cholestasis due to hepatic parenchymal disease. This
      analysis provides the basis for modifications of ERCP technique and management
      that may reduce the future incidence of complications. This study suggests that
      the incidence and severity of complications that arise from ERCP compare
      favorably with procedures of equivalent diagnostic yield.

PMID- 1097297
TI  - Bacterial studies of Clindamycin-associated colitis. A preliminary report.
AB  - The cause of pseudomembraneous colitis is not known but has been attributed to an
      alteration in the microbial flora of the colon. To test this hypothesis, a blind,
      prospective study was undertaken in which fecal samples were cultured
      quantitatively for aerobic and anaerobic organisms. The patients from which these
      samples were taken were all receiving clindamycin and had diarrhea secondary to
      the use of the drug. We were able to show definite differences in the colonic
      microflora which correlated with the presence of pseudomembranes on biopsy. Those
      patients who had diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis showed a striking
      decrease, both quantitatively and qualitatively, in the number of anaerobes
      present. Those patients who had diarrhea but no pseudomembranes had large numbers
      of anaerobes which qualitatively approximated normal fecal cultures but
      quantitatively were fewer in number. A third group of patients, which had
      resolving pseudomembranous colitis, and were no longer symptomatic, had large
      numbers of anaerobic organisms which approximated those found in normal fecal
      cultures. There were no differences among the three groups with regard to
      facultative anaerobic microflora. Thus, the presence of pseudomembranous colitis
      correlated directly with a striking quantitative and qualitative decrease in the
      anaerobic microflora of the colon. The symptom of diarrhea alone appeared to have
      no meaning with regard to changes in the bacterial flora. Resolution of
      pseudomembranous colitis was associated with a return of the anaerobic
      microflora.

PMID- 1097298
TI  - Inhibition of gastric acid secretion in man by the transcranial application of
      lwo intensity pulsed current.
AB  - This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of transcranial
      electrotherapy (TCE) in reducing gastric secretion in man. TCE has been proposed
      as a therapeutic modality which induces a relaxed psychological state by the
      application of low intensity diffuse electrical current and has been purported by
      Soviet investigators to be beneficial in the treatment of peptic ulcers.
      Secretion rates were monitored in adult male volunteers by a method of
      intragastric titration utilizing a pH-sensitive telemetry capsule. In one study 5
      subjects had their basal secretion rates monitored before, during, and after the
      application of TCE at graduated current intensities. A threshold of inhibition
      was observed for currents of 0.9 ma and greater. In a second study, 12 subjects
      had histamine-stimulated maximum acid output determined for control and during
      TCE application. Gastric acid secretion was reduced by an average of 30% when 1
      ma TCE was applied, with individual reductions ranging from 5.7% to 53.2%. Since
      the application of relatively high TCE currents may produce discomfort in some
      subjects, a third study was conducted to determine whether the inhibition might
      not merely be the result of nonspecific noxious stimuli. For this study the
      electrical connections to the TCE electrodes were altered so that the same
      uncomfortable sensation was produced on the forehead, but no current was actually
      applied transcranially. This "placebo" TCE produced no reduction in the maximal
      acid output of 6 volunteers, but when the currents were applied transcranially,
      the gastric acid secretion was reduced by an average of 27% below control values.

PMID- 1097299
TI  - Effect of prolonged administration of homologous and heterologous intrinsic
      factor antibodies on the parietal and peptic cell masses and the secretory
      function of the rat gastric mucosa.
AB  - In order to determine the possible effects of the circulating intrinsic factor
      antibodies (IFA) on gastric morphology and secretory function, four groups of 12
      rats each received intravenous injection daily for 8 to 12 weeks of
      immunoglobulin G (IgG) fractions separated on DEAE-cellulose columns from various
      sources: (1) sera of patients with pernicious anemia, containing both IFA and
      parietal cell antibodies (PCA), (2) sera from patients with atrophic gastritis,
      containing parietal cell antibody only, and (3) and (4) sera of rabbits immunized
      with semipurified human or rat intrinsic factor (IF). In addition three control
      groups of 12 rats each received intravenous injections daily for 8 to 12 weeks of
      either (5) saline or (6) and (7) IgG processed from human or rabbit normal sera.
      Still another group of 12 rats (8) did not receive any injections whatsoever for
      the same duration of time. One-third of the rats were intubated biweekly after
      histamine stimulation and the hourly outputs of CHl pepsin, and IF were
      determined. At conclusion of the experiments, rats were killed, the mucosal
      surface and thickness of the mucosa were measured, and parietal cell and peptic
      cell masses were counted. The control groups showed either progressive growth of
      the cellular mass in gastric mucosa and increase of the HCl, pepsin, and IF
      outputs, or no significant changes. In contrast, rats injected with IgG
      containing IFA to human or rat IF showed a statistically significant thinning of
      the gastric mucosa, reduction of peptic cells, which are known to secret IF in
      this species, and corresponding decreases in the ouputs of pepsin and IF. These
      became reduced by about 50% from initial values, and by 62 or 75%, respectively,
      when compared to rats injected with normal human or rabbit IgG's. In rats
      injected with IgG's from pernicious anemia sera, which contained both IFA and
      PCA, the outputs of IF, pepsin, and HCl decreased signigicantly, as well as the
      peptic and parietal cell masses. The rats injected with PCA only demonstrated
      thinning of the gastric mucosa, reduction of parietal cell mass, and a
      significant decrease of the HCl output. These findings imply an active role of
      the circulating gastric.

PMID- 1097300
TI  - [The risk of yeast infection, of the newborn during and after delivery (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The importance of yeast infections in obstetrics was investigated in 200 pregnant
      women and their newborns. In the maternity patients the vagina was tested shortly
      before the delivery and the mouth of the neonates was tested 1 day prior to the
      discharge from the hospital. In 22% of the pregnant women and in 8,4% of the
      newborns, yeast (predominantly candida albicans) was found in the culture.
      Infants of mothers with positive cultures for yeast showed yeast more frequently
      (13,2%) themselves as infants of mothers with negative cultures for yeast (7,2%).
      Only 1 infant had clinical trush. Only 1/7 of the women who had positive cultures
      for yeast at delivery also had positive cultures for yeast 5--8 weeks following
      delivery although they were not treated. Second to the maternal vagina, the mouth
      of the mothers and the nursing personnel are the most important sources for yeast
      infections of the newborn infant. The demand to make the birth canal free of
      yeast at the end of the pregnancy does not appear to be justified for all
      obstetric units according to the results of our investigations. The incidence of
      a clinical yeast infection in the mature and healthy newborn infant was between
      0,5 and 0,9% during the past 2 1/2 years at the Obstetric Department of the
      University of Erlangen, Germany. Prophylactic medication against yeast is
      important for all high risk neonates such as premature infants, infants with
      asphyxia and infants under antibiotic treatment.

PMID- 1097301
TI  - Molecular mechanisms involved in DNA repair.

PMID- 1097302
TI  - Elevated mutability of polA derivatives of Escherichia coli B/r at sublethal
      doses of ultraviolet light: evidence for an inducible error-prone repair system
      ("SOS repair") and its anomalous expression in these strains.
AB  - The SOS repair hypothesis proposes that UV-induced mutations in E. coli are
      caused by an inducible error-prone repair system (SOS repair) which is normally
      induced coordinately with such other recApluslexplus-dependent functions as
      filamentous growth, prophage induction and W-reactivation-2 in response to UV or
      other inhibitors of DNA synthesis. Since polA-l strains induce these functions at
      unusually low doses of UV, the SOS hypothesis predicts elevated UV mutability for
      such strains at these low doses (50 ergs per mm2 and below) Strain WP6, a polA-1
      derivative of B/r, exhibits the predicted high UV mutability in this dose range,
      producing ten times as many Trp+ mutations as its polA+ counterpart, strain WP1,
      at a dose of 12.5 ergs per mm-2. The UV sensitivity of a lex polA double mutant,
      in which the lex and polA mutations fail to exert their individual effects on UV
      sensitivity additively, also confirms a prediction generated by the SOS
      hypothesis.--The uvrA polA-1 strain WP67 also shows elevated UV mutability at
      very low UV doses (5 ergs per mm-2 and below), producing about ten times as many
      Trp+ mutations at a dose of 0.6 ergs per mm-2 as its uvrA polA+ parent strain
      WP2s. It is proposed that the double mutant induces the SOS repair system (and
      probably other "reclex" inducible functions) at unusually low doses of UV as a
      consequence of its relatively inefficient repair of DNA damage when plated on
      broth-supplemented media.

PMID- 1097303
TI  - Some genetic controls on the replication and segregation of temperate coliphages.

PMID- 1097304
TI  - Genetics, eugenics and class struggle.

PMID- 1097305
TI  - V. S. Asmundson. September 24, 1895-September 10, 1974.

PMID- 1097306
TI  - Dr. Joy E. Palm. October 13, 1927-February 10, 1975.

PMID- 1097307
TI  - Benjamin Harrison Willier. November 2, 1890-December 3, 1972.

PMID- 1097308
TI  - Directory.

PMID- 1097310
TI  - Dentistry's enigma.

PMID- 1097309
TI  - [Dr. Janusz Okla].

PMID- 1097311
TI  - [Mechanisms of release of leucocytic pyrogen].
AB  - Mechanisms of the production and release of leucocytic pyrogen (LP) from
      peritoneal polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) from rabbits were studied in vitro.
      The following results were obtained. 1) The fever curves of the microsomal and
      the lysosomal fractions had a later onset and were longer lasting than those from
      the extracellular fluid. The fever curves of the supernatant of 105,000 g showed
      the typical response of endogenous pyrogen characterized by a rapid onset and
      short lasting fever, as shown by the extracellular fluid. 2) The pyrogenicity of
      LP was the most potent at 60 min while the 105,000 g supernatant was most potent
      at 30 min after PMN incubation at 37 degrees C. 3) The extracellular protein
      attained the maximum level at 30 min after incubation of PMN, while the protein
      content in the supernatant of 105,000 g of PMN decreased gradually to the
      constant level at 30 min. 4) It was observed that the lysosomal degradation was
      stimulated with bacterial pyrogen (LPS) at 37 degrees C but LPS did not directly
      affect the lysosomal fraction of PMN.

PMID- 1097312
TI  - [History of surgery in Hokkaido in the last 50 years].

PMID- 1097313
TI  - [History of dermatology in Hokkaido in the last 50 years].

PMID- 1097314
TI  - [Proceedings: Autopsy case of leukemic reticulosarcoma originating at the left
      maxilla and manifesting cerebral symptoms (with observations on neurologic
      manifestations and the rate of leukemic conversion in cases of malignant lymphoma
      at our department)].

PMID- 1097315
TI  - Glucagon biosynthesis in human pancreatic islets: preliminary evidence for a
      biosynthetic intermediate.
AB  - Viable pancreatic islets were isolated from the pancreas of humans using
      modifications of the collagenase digestion and Ficoll gradient techniques. Gel
      filtration of tissue extracts following islet incubation in the presence of 3H-
      tryptophan indicated that radioactivity becomes incorporated into at least two
      islet proteins. The larger of the two (LGI) has the approximate molecular size of
      proinsuiln and the smaller coelutes with glucagon as determined by column
      standardization. Radioimmunoassay of the gel filtration eluate for glucagon
      revealed that both molecules have glucagon immunoreactivity. Gel filtration in
      the presence of 8M urea did not alter the elution pattern of the LGI molecule.
      Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed on these glucagon immunoreactive
      molecules. The 3H radioactivity and the glucagon immunoreactivity of the smaller
      molecule were found to co-migrate electrophoretically with crystalline porcine
      glucagon and monodesamidoglucagon. With electrophoresis at high pH the
      electrophoretic mobility of the LGI molecule proved to be lower than that of
      glucagon. Partial tryptic degradation of the human LGI molecule yields 3H
      tryptophan labeled products having charge and immunologic characteristics
      indistinguishable from porcine glucagon and monodesamidoglucagon. Although
      further investigation is indicatend may thus serve as a precursor or an
      intermediate in human glucagon biosynthesis.

PMID- 1097316
TI  - Effect of glucagon on serum LH.

PMID- 1097317
TI  - Synthesis of a chemically reactive analog of the initiation codon: its reaction
      with ribosomes of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Nitrophenylated 5'-adenylic acid could be employed as primer in a
      polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase (Micrococcus luteus) reaction to yield
      5'-nitrophenylated pA-U-G. After reduction and subsequent bromoacetylation, an A
      U-G analog was obtained, which could be used as an affinity label for the
      ribosomal A-U-G-binding site(s). After incubating the A-U-G affinity label with
      70S ribosomes, 30S subunits programmed for initiation-factor-dependent fMet
      tRNAMetf binding were obtained. Hence, the A-U-G analog had irreversibly reacted
      at the ribosomal decoding site. Initiation complexes which were formed with the
      labeled 30S subunits were puromycin-resistant. Furthermore, GTP hydrolysis,
      necessary for proper accommodation of initiator tRNA at the ribosomal donorsite,
      did not function in these complexes. These data indicate that immobilization of A
      U-G at the decoding site of the ribosome allows factor-dependent initiator tRNA
      binding, but impairs accommodation at the donor site. The ribosomal protein(s) to
      which A-U-G was covalently bound at the decoding site were identified by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of urea or sarkosyl. The
      predominant affinity-labeled protein was found to be protein S18. Variation of
      the incubation conditions of the affinity-labeling reaction leads to attachment
      of A-U-G label to another ribosomal protein, S4, the ram gene product.

PMID- 1097318
TI  - PSRO's and peer review: problems and opportunities.
AB  - Legislation passed in 1972 mandated the establisment of Professional Standards
      Review Organizationa to review the quality of medical services to beneficiaries
      of the Medicare, Medicaid, and the Maternal and Child Health programs. Physicians
      in all 203 designated PSRO areas must show a viable organization by January 1976,
      or a nonphysician group may be designated as a PSRO. The author discusses the
      provisions of the law, reactions of physicians and others, the law's alleged
      shortcomings, and the questions that arise as a result of its passage. He cites
      some preliminary studies in the psychiatric literature that report positive
      effects of reviews of patient care.

PMID- 1097319
TI  - A psychiatric POMR for use by a multidisciplinary team.
AB  - A psychiatric problem-oriented medical record designed for use by
      multidisciplinary teams was introduced at Fairfield Hills Hospital in Newtown,
      Connecticut, in 1972. The need for revision in the hospital's medical record
      system had been pointed up by the development of the teams, which shared more
      equally in responsibility for patient care, and by problems in meeting Medicare
      standards. The authors describe the various forms that make up the POMR. Most of
      the forms are completed by the teams in regularly scheduled conferences.

PMID- 1097320
TI  - Reflections of Rep. Al Ullman (D-OR) on H.R.1.

PMID- 1097322
TI  - Editorial. David Spiro-in memoriam.

PMID- 1097321
TI  - Structural and ultrastructural alterations, exfoliative cytology and enzyme
      cytochemistry and histochemistry, proliferation kinetics, immunological
      derangements and other causes, and clinical associations and sequallae.
AB  - Our main purpose in this review article is to present some of the vast amount of
      information on the subject of atrophic gastritis available at the present time.
      Various areas of research pertaining to this entity, including that from the
      author's laboratory, are reviewed in this article, encompassing histological and
      ultrastructural abnormalities, enzyme histochemistry, and exfoliative cytology
      and cytochemistry of chronic gastritis, with emphasis on the diagnostic
      significance of these laboratory methods. The altered cell proliferation kinetics
      in atrophic gastric lesions is also discussed, as well as its significance in the
      proliferation and reduction of glandular cells of the gastric mucosa.
      Furthermore, some of the more recent evidence of immunological mechanisms and
      other causes of chronic gastritis, such as chronic alcoholism and bile reflux, is
      reviewed, as well as the effects of partial gastrectomy on the gastric mucosa.
      The important associations and sequellae of atrophic gastritis, such as gastric
      ulcer, gastric polyps, and gastric cancer, are discussed in detail.

PMID- 1097323
TI  - Electron microscopy in the Veterans Administration for service pathology: some
      administrative aspects of the program.

PMID- 1097324
TI  - "Adjacent" sections--a bridge in the gap between light and electron microscopy.

PMID- 1097325
TI  - Education and training in electron microscopy.
AB  - There is currently a need for diagnostic electron microscopy in both autopsy and
      surgical pathology. As more information emerges from the research laboratories,
      applied electron microscopy will grow in depth, and all large medical centers
      will need the expertise provided by a diagnostic electron microscopy laboratory.
      Many physicians other than electron microscopists find it essential to have an
      understanding of the contributions and limitations of electron microscopy.
      Education and training programs therefore must encompass not only paramedical
      personnel who prepare the electron micrographs and pathologists who are
      thoroughly trained in interpret the electron micrographs, but also other
      physicians and scientists who utilize the information obtained therefrom. Medical
      students should obtain sufficient background in normal and abnormal
      ultrastructure to enable them to interpret the medical literature, and the means
      to obtain this background should be available within the medical school
      curriculum. Some medical students will also desire more thorough training
      obtained by elective courses in electron microscopy. Pathology residents should
      obtain sufficient expertise during their residency to enable them to utilize the
      information produced by the electron microscopy laboratory. Certain pathology
      residents and some pathologists in practice prefer fellowships for more
      specialized training in electron microscopy. Four representative training
      programs in electron microscopy from Veterans Administration hospitals have been
      selected for presentation. Each emphasizes a different approach and different
      objectives.

PMID- 1097326
TI  - Porokeratosis [correction of Parakeratosis] Mibelli and skin carcinoma: a
      critical review.
AB  - The literature on porokeratosis [corrected] Mibelli (PM) is revised critically
      with respect to the development of skin carcinoma. The incidence of epidermal
      malignancies in PM lesions is 7% (17 of 250 cases). An influence of X-ray
      treatment is not excluded in 4 cases with tumors in PM.

PMID- 1097327
TI  - Information processing in immunogenetic analysis. V. Some irregularities caused
      by simple-complex transformation of T universes.
AB  - A fairly uncomplicated T4 universe does give rise to a considerably complicated
      simple-complex image with several complexities regularly observed together in
      many immunogenetic systems. The present model thus 'explains' absence of
      antithetical alleles, absence of 'dosage' effects, presence of considerable
      quantitative variations of 'one and the same antigen' and peculiar 'non
      autoantibodies'. These phenomena are exemplified for the Rh system with regard to
      the D--Du antigens, absence of d antigens, absence of clear-cut dosage between
      D/D and D/D and D/d samples as well as anti-D formation in seemingly 'normal
      Rh(+)' individuals.

PMID- 1097328
TI  - Perspectives in patient care. Epulis fissuratum.

PMID- 1097329
TI  - Illinois State Dental Society 1975-76 membership directory.

PMID- 1097330
TI  - Duncan Charteris Hetherington. 1895-1974.

PMID- 1097331
TI  - In vivo effects of rabbit anti-mouse brain serum on theta bearing lymphocytes of
      AKR mice.
AB  - The in vivo effect of rabbit anti-AKR mouse brain-associated serum (RAMB) was
      determined on theta bearing lymphocytes present in the spleens and thymuses of
      mature C3H mice and AKR mice staged into preleukemic, leukaemic and overtly
      leukaemic states. Following seven daily injections of RAMB serum, the splenic
      plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) and the
      percentage of theta-bearing lymphocytes in the spleen were significantly
      decreased in the C3H and the preleukaemic AKR mice.  Decreases in thymic weight
      and thymocyte numbers were also apparent.  Determinations of theta antigen
      density using in vitro cytoxicity tests indicated that splenic and thymic T
      lymphocytes (thymus-derived) remaining in the RAMB-treated C3H and preleukemic
      AKR mice consisted primarily of cells bearing less of the theta surface antigen. 
      Histopathological studies of tissues from these two treated groups revealed
      cortical lymphocyte depletion in the thymus, and marginal and periarteriolar
      depletion in the spleen.  Leukaemic AKR mice, administered seven injections of
      RAMB serum, demonstrated less dramatic changes in thymus weight, histopathology
      and theta-bearing cell percentages when compared with the data from the
      preleukaemic AKR or matureC3H mice.  The results from testing overtly luekaemic
      AKR mice administered RAMB serum for the 7 or 9 days did not demonstrate
      differences from findings from groupsof overtly leukaemic control mice.  These
      data indicate that the in vivo activity of RAMB serum in C3H mice and
      preleukaemic AKR mice is directed primarily toward the less mature T-lymphocyte
      population.  This influence of RAMB serum is lesspronounced in leukaemic and the
      more overtly leukaemic mice, suggesting that a decreasedpopulation of RAMB
      susceptible lymphocytes are present in these animals.

PMID- 1097332
TI  - Passive transfer of unresponsiveness by lymph node cells.  Studies on adjuvant
      disease.
AB  - Pretreatment of rats with subarthritogenic doses of mycobacterial adjuvant
      suppresses the arthritogenic reaction induced by this adjuvant.  This
      unresponsiveness can betransferred to normal syngeneic recipients by viable lymph
      node cells from unresponsivedonors.  Serum from the same donors did not prevent
      the arthritis.  Abrogation ofunresponsiveness was obtained by injecting normal
      lymph node cells together with the challeging inoculation and also with
      sensitized lymphoid cells.  In agreement with the concept of tolerance as an
      active immune reaction, the data suggest that in this experimental model lymphoid
      cells actively suppress the immune response induced by microbacterial adjuvant. 
      Thus, arthritis or unresponsiveness may result from the predominance of either
      sensitized or suppressor cells.

PMID- 1097333
TI  - Complement receptor lymphocytes.  Analysis of immunoglobin on their surface and
      further evidence of heterogeneity.
AB  - Mouse complement receptor lymphocytes (CRL) were detected by a rosetting method.
      The existence of an immunoglobulin class or subclass on the central rosetting
      cell wasstudied by immunofluorescence using rabbit antisera specific for mouse
      IgM, IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgA.  Combining immunofluorescence for each
      immunoglobulin and for T cells with cytoxic removal of T cells, CRL were
      demonstrated to include immunoglobulin-bearing cells of all the classes and
      subclasses tested (IgM being the main one), a 'null' cell subpopulation, and some
      T cells.  A scheme describingthe various nature of CRL is discussed and
      correlated with possible functions.

PMID- 1097334
TI  - Electrophoretic mobility and surface immunoglobin of albumin gradient
      fractionated mouse spleen cells.
AB  - Spleen cells from normal CBA mice, containing B and T lymphocytes,
      cyclophosphamide-treated CBA mice, containing almost exclusively T lymphocytes,
      and athymic nudemice, containing only B lymphocytes, were fracitonated by
      differential flotation in adiscontinuous albumin gradient.  In all three cases,
      four density fractions were regularly obtained.  The electrophoretic mobility
      (EPM), which allows distinction betweenslow-EPM (B) cells and fast-EPM (T) cells
      and the presence of surface immunoglobulins (sIg) detectable by direct
      immunofluorescence, characterizing B lymphocytes, were investigated on these
      fractions.  Both B and T cells were recovered throughout the gradient, but in
      different proportions.  Thus, B cells (slow-EPM, sIg-bearing) were enriched in
      the light density fractions while T cells (fast-EPM)were more numerous in the
      denser fraction.  The mean EPM of slow-moving cells decreased, whereas that of
      fast-moving cells increased, as their buoyant density increased.  Less nude
      spleen (B) cells were found to bear sIg in the light density fractions than in
      the denser fractions.  These findings suggest the existence of lymphocyte
      subpopulations with distinct physicochemical properties which might represent
      stages in the maturation and differentiation of B- and T-cell lineages.

PMID- 1097335
TI  - Heat-stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin production in vivo.
AB  - Hysterectomy-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets were infected with
      enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli on day 4 of life. Samples of feces and
      intestinal contents were collected and tested in infant mice for enterotoxic
      activity. Positive enterotoxic responses were observed in mice given filtrates of
      feces and intestinal contents from piglets infected withe enterotoxigenic E. coli
      known to produce heat-stable enterotoxin but not heat-liabile enterotoxin in
      vitro. It is concluded that heat-stable enterotoxigenic E. coli induce diarrhea
      by production of heat-stable enterotoxin in vivo.

PMID- 1097336
TI  - Cellular location of alpha-hemolysin in Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - Protoplast fractionation techniques were used to prepare subcellular fractions of
      three strains of Staphylococcus aureus for the analysis of alpha-hemolysin
      activity. More than 90% of the cellular hemolytic activity was localized in the
      periplasm, only a trace was detected in the cytoplasm, and none was found in
      either plasma membranes or mesosomes. This cellular portion constituted
      approximately 4 to 10% of the total hemolytic activity of the culture. The
      erythrocyte lysis spectrum and Sephadex G-100 filtration studies indicated that
      the cellular hemolysin closely resembles the extracellular form.

PMID- 1097337
TI  - Prevention of Streptococcus mutans infection of tooth surfaces by salivary
      antibody in Irus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).
AB  - Four irus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were immunized with Streptococcus mutans
      6715 killed cells and cell products by injection in the vicinity of the major
      salivary glands and by instillation into the parotid glands via the ducts. After
      immune group and a sham-immunized control group of monkeys were infected orally
      with viable strain 6715 organisms. Dental plaque samples were taken at intervals
      from the buccal and lingual grooves of the first permanent molars. These samples
      were evaluated for recovery of strain 6715 by cultural methods. In addition,
      individual samples were taken from 10 representative tooth surfaces and were
      evaluated by indirect immunofluorescent staining for strain 6715. Results showed
      that immune monkeys had fewer infected surfaces and fewer organisms on the
      infected surfaces than the control animals. These studies indicate that salivary
      antibody to cariogenic streptococci inhibits implantation of these organisms in
      dental plaque and may be protective against dental caries.

PMID- 1097338
TI  - Antibody-mediated elimination of malaria parasites (plasmodium berghei) in vivo.
AB  - An infective preparation of extracellular blood forms (FP) of Plasmodium berghei
      was used to study some aspects of the interaction between protective antibodies
      and malaria parasites. FP but not infected erythrocytes (IRBC) were shown by the
      fluorescent antibody technique to be coated by antibodies after in vitro
      incubation with immune serum. Preincubation of both FP and IRBC with immune serum
      followed by their washing did not result in enhanced elimination of the parasites
      in vivo. However, FP preincubated with immune serum and subsequently washed were
      eliminated more efficiently than FP preincubated with normal serum if the
      preparations were injected with some immune serum. Such an increase in the
      efficiency of elimination was not detected with similarly pretreated IRBC. It is
      thus probable that protective antibodies acted in vivo against extracellular
      parasites rather than against parasites in erythrocytes. The interaction between
      parasites and antibodies may be of a highly reversible nature, and washing of the
      in vitro-treated parasites may cause elution of antibody from the sensitized
      parasites so that the amount of antibody on the parasite falls below the critical
      level required for in vivo elimination.

PMID- 1097339
TI  - Days beyond recall: subsistence homesteading in the rural south, circa 1920.
AB  - Accented in some 100 semi-structured interviews with Southern aged poor is the
      bitter struggle to survive. People worked long hours for little, bartering farm
      produce for the few store-bought necessities. Primitive housing, education and
      medicine sufficed. Both black and white poor suffered brutal exploitation,
      despite which they review their life with satisfaction. We hypothesize that, to
      maintain mental health, it is better to idealize the unalterable past. Several
      global assessments of "morale" are discussed. It is also suggested that this
      journal become a clearing house for questions that measure psychic wellbeing in
      the aged more naturally and by indirection than do scales in current use.

PMID- 1097340
TI  - Model of an oculomotor subsystem.
AB  - One of the complex control systems present in the human body is the oculomotor
      control system. There are two major modes of ocular movements, viz. saccadic and
      smooth pursuit. More knowledge about the neuromuscular mechanisms controlling
      these eye movements is obtained if experiments are carried out on subjects whose
      two types of eye movements are differentially affected due to disorders at their
      higher centres of control. Eye movements of patients with a novel form of Heredo
      familial Spinocerebellar Degeneration have been measured and quantified. These
      have been compared with those of normal subjects. Subsequent analysis indicates a
      continuous fourth order transfer function for the smooth pursuit eye-in-skull
      movements in the horizontal plane with head stationary.

PMID- 1097341
TI  - An algorithm for on-line, real-time computer detection of ECG changes.
AB  - An algorithm for detection of ECG changes based on the Fourier transform is
      presented. The realisation of the algorithm was programmed on a minicomputer and
      could detect both large and subtle changes in an ECG waveform. The cardiac
      arrhythmias used in the study included normal sinus rhythm; premature atrial
      contraction; premature ventricular contraction; first, second, and third degree
      blocks; atrial and ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. The
      algorithm was used to detect rhythm changes, but it is possible that, using it, a
      unique specification for a waveform at any frequency could be obtained.

PMID- 1097342
TI  - Temperature-sensitive mutants of murine leukemia virus. V. Impaired leukemogenic
      activity in vivo.
AB  - The in vivo biologic activities of a clonal isolate of the Rauscher strain of
      murine leukemia virus and several conditional lethal mutants with impaired
      replicative functions at the non-permissive temperature were investigated. The
      parental virus induced a rapidly developing lymphoid leukemia in a high
      percentage of NIH Swiss mice inoculated as newborns. Mice inoculated in parallel
      with temperature-sensitive mutant viruses showed no evidence of disease. The
      implications of these findings with regard to the requirements for type-C virus
      replication to permit oncogenic transformation of lymphoid cells in vivo are
      discussed.

PMID- 1097343
TI  - Comparative clinical study of doxycycline and minocycline.
AB  - Doxycycline and minocycline were given intravenously to patients with a serious
      underlying disease who presented a pulmonary infection or a wound infection. Both
      therapies were easy to administer and well tolerated. However they should not be
      used in the initial therapy since resistant strains may occur. The clinical and
      bacteriological effectiveness of doxycycline and minocycline were similar. In
      pneumococcal pulmonary infections, the rates of favorable clinical response to
      doxycycline and minocycline were 73% and 76% respectively. In infections caused
      by bacteroides sp.(mainly infections of wounds), doxycycline or minocycline
      resulted in a 75% rate of favorable clinical responses and in a 71% rate of
      favorable bacteriological responses. Adverse side effects were rare and of minor
      importance with the exception of bacteriological colonization by doxycycline
      resistant or minocycline-resistant microorganisms. This complica-tion occurred in
      39% of the patients who were treated with these drugs and resulted in clinical
      superinfection in 8% of the patients.

PMID- 1097344
TI  - [The influence of Adipex Neu (beta-aminoisobutylbenzene as polysterol sulfonate)
      on lipolysis and glucose tolerance in humans].
AB  - In 16 obese patients, the effect of beta-amino-isobutyl-benzol as polysterol
      sulfonate on free fatty acids, triglycerides and i.v. GTT was compaired with that
      of a placebo. The question was to be answered if beta-amino-isobutyl-benzol
      worsens the GTT and if the lipolytic effect outranges lipolysis during fasting.
      No statistically significant change of the GTT, free fatty acids and
      triglycerides could be found between the beta-amino-isobutyl-benzol period and
      the placebo period.

PMID- 1097345
TI  - Double-blind study of a total liver extract in patients with hepatic dysfunction.
AB  - Forty hospitalized male patients with hepatic functional deficit were treated
      i.m. for 3 weeks with a total liver extract or placebo. The study was a double
      blind. Statistical analysis (Student's t test, analysis of variance. Mann-Whitney
      test and Fisher's probability test) showed that liver extract therapy was more
      effective than placebo in improving liver function as indicated by changes in
      clinical features(digestive disorders, constipation, hepatomegaly) and colloidal
      and other laboratory tests, e.g. plasma cholesterol, prothrombin time, red cell
      count and hemoglobin concentration. An overall clinical assessment showed that
      60% of patients treated with the liver extract were improved. In addition, no
      local or general side effects were observed. Present results are in favour of an
      hepatoprotective activity of a total liver extract.

PMID- 1097346
TI  - Photosensitivity.

PMID- 1097347
TI  - Herpetiform pemphigus, a variable pattern of pemphigus.
AB  - A  patient with the clinical features of dermatitis herpetiformis and the
      histological features of pemphigus, subcorneal dermatosis and dermatitis
      herpetiformis did not respond to treatment with pyridine or sulfones. Systemic
      steroids and azothioprine were effective. Immunofluorescence studies demonstrated
      circulating pemphigus antibodies and IgG bound in vivo in the intercellular
      spaces of the epidermis.

PMID- 1097348
TI  - Pediatric dermatology in antiquity: Part 1.

PMID- 1097349
TI  - Letter: The induction of pyrimidine dimers in nuclear DNA after U.V.-irradiation
      during the synchronous cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 1097350
TI  - Experimental heterotopic bone transplant.
AB  - We studied the reaction in rats to implants of heterotopic bone in the
      paravertebral region, using three types of material: bone preserved in alcohol,
      homologous bone preserved in alcohol associated with autogenous cancellous bone
      obtained from the iliac crest of the same animal, and isolated autogenous
      cancellous bone. Thirty rats were operated on, ten in each group. Some were
      sacrificed after 6, 14 and 21 days. The excised grafts were histologically
      studied. Animals in the third group showed new bone formation even in the first
      days, those in the second group presented less intense bone formation and those
      in the first group showed only traces of new bone tissue in the third week.

PMID- 1097351
TI  - Development of the upper urinary tract in myelomeningocele and consequent
      urological care.
AB  - The findings in the upper urinary tract of 58 patients with MMC and neurogenic
      bladder dysfunction are discussed and therapeutical consequences are considered.
      In a group of 28 neonates, investigated within the first three months of life,
      only 10% showed some abnormalities of the upper urinary tract and (or) reflux, in
      a second group of 21 children, over the age of 2 years when first seen, the
      occurrence rate of dilatation of the upper urinary tract and of pyelonephritis
      signs was already doubled, whereas adults with operated MMC showed in 75% severe
      pathological changes. The situation of neonates born with MMC may be in some
      aspects compared to patients suffering from acute traumatic cord lesion with
      neurogenic bladder dysfunction. It was already shown that, in spite of neurogenic
      bladder dysfunction, it is possible in parapegics by appropiate and mainly
      conservative treatment to prevent progressive destruction of the upper urinary
      tract, once considered to be unavoidable. The key to better results in the
      children with MMC should therefore be early and prompt care and close follow-up.
      The importance of regular bladder emptying, low dosage, long-term antibiotic
      treatment and measures like forced urethral dilatation and sphincterotomy is
      stressed. Our results so far in neonatal urological care of children with MMC are
      encouraging.

PMID- 1097352
TI  - Pyleonphritis as a side effect of hormonal contraception: an experimental
      research.
AB  - In animal experiments it was proved that contraceptives may cause considerable
      renal changes. It is necessary to call gynecologists' attention to possible side
      effects; the contrapaceptives are contra-indicated in chronic pyelonephritis.

PMID- 1097353
TI  - B-chromosome systems in flowering plants and animal species.

PMID- 1097354
TI  - Fine structure of the thyroid gland.

PMID- 1097355
TI  - Postnatal gliogenesis in the mammalian brain.

PMID- 1097356
TI  - Three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections.

PMID- 1097357
TI  - [Epidemiology in the diagnosis of cancer].

PMID- 1097358
TI  - [Immunology in the diagnosis of cancer].

PMID- 1097359
TI  - [The internist and gential and breast carcinoma in the female. Searching for
      cancer in internal medicine].

PMID- 1097360
TI  - [Cancer check-up in the male].

PMID- 1097361
TI  - Optic nerve transection in cats: effect on retinal vessels.
AB  - Unilateral optic nerve transection without damage to the intraocular circulation
      was performed on thirteen cats. Fluorescein angiograms, trypsin digestion, and
      histologic preparation of the retinas were carried out. No changes in the retinal
      circulation and angioarchitecture were observed. These findings were compared to
      those reported in humans with comparable optic nerve lesions. We conclude that
      optic nerve transection does not cause retinal vascular alteration and this fact
      may be of pertinence to posterior ocular damage in glaucoma.

PMID- 1097362
TI  - Antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli from non-hospital environments. I.
      Frequency and determinants of ampicllin resistance.

PMID- 1097363
TI  - Intra-abdominal atraumatic anastomosis.

PMID- 1097364
TI  - Editorial: The National Commission and fetal research.

PMID- 1097365
TI  - Fetal research & the ethical issues.

PMID- 1097366
TI  - Scientific research and public regulation.

PMID- 1097367
TI  - Quality and relevance.

PMID- 1097368
TI  - Alprenolol for migraine prophylaxis.

PMID- 1097369
TI  - [In memory of Alfred Marchionini 1899-1965].

PMID- 1097370
TI  - [Dermatologic aspects in the treatment of mycoses by corticoid preparations].

PMID- 1097371
TI  - [Keratohyaline and epidermal keratihization].
AB  - A review is given about the present status of keratohyalin, his composition and
      his origin and also about "prekeratin". The suggestions about the role of
      keratohyalin and prekeratin in the synthesis of epidermal horny layer are
      discussed.

PMID- 1097372
TI  - [In memory of Heinrich A. Gottron 1890-1974].

PMID- 1097373
TI  - [Maximilian Ruiter 1900-1974].

PMID- 1097374
TI  - [Surgical mesh technic for covering large skin defects].

PMID- 1097375
TI  - [60th anniversary of Gottfried Leonhardi].

PMID- 1097376
TI  - [In memoriam Willy Leipold 1893-1973].

PMID- 1097377
TI  - Clearance rates of insoluble plutonium-239 compounds from the lung.

PMID- 1097378
TI  - Quantitation in histochemistry: a review of some commercially available
      microdensitometers.

PMID- 1097379
TI  - Comparison of the reaction of cultured smooth and cardiac muscle cells and
      fibroblasts to specific antibodies to myosin.
AB  - Immunofluorescent staining with anti-smooth or anti-striated muscle myosin was
      carried out for 30 minutes at room temperature (18-20 degrees C) on cultures of
      smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts from guinea-pig vas deferens, taenia coli and
      ureter, rabbit aorta and chicken gizzard and of cardiac muscle cells and
      fibroblasts from rat ventricle. With anti-smooth muscle myosin, smooth muscle
      cells showed an intense fluorescent staining in fine fibrils with an
      "interrupted" appearance running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cell
      throughout the cytoplasm, and also in coarser, "non-interrupted" fibrils (termed
      here "attachment fibrils") concentrated at the surface of the cell adjacent to
      the glass coverslip. Fibroblasts in the same cultures showed similar, but much
      weaker, reactions. When anti-striated myosin was added to the smooth muscle
      cultures, staining of neither cell type was observed. In contrast, cardiac muscle
      cells in cultures of rat ventricle did not react anti-smooth muscle myosin, but
      gave bright fluorescent A-band staining with anti-striated myosin. Fibroblasts in
      the ventricle cultures were unreactive with anti-striated muscle myosin but gave
      the characteristic weak reaction with anti-smooth muscle myosin. Thus
      immunofluorescent stainig with anti-smooth muscle myosin is useful for
      distinguishing between isolated smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts in tissue
      culture.

PMID- 1097380
TI  - Identification of the intestinal cell storing gastric inhibitory peptide.
AB  - Small intestinal mucosal samples from man, pig and dog, were subjected to
      sequential or correlative silver impregnation techniques, applied to
      immunocytochemical preparations and at the ultrastructural level. The cell
      reacting with anti-GIP sera was identified as the ultrastructurally classified K
      cell and we propose that the term GIP cell be used in place of the latter. This
      cell can thus be recognized by its strong reactivity with the Sevier-Munger
      staining procedure, provided that the equally strongly reacting EC cell is
      excluded by virtue of its argentaffinity with the Masson technique.

PMID- 1097381
TI  - A field study of coliform mastitis in sows.
AB  - Three sows with agalactia and mastitis were compared with 3 normally lactating
      sows at 8, 16, 24, and 32 hours postpartum. Bacteriologic examination of milk
      resulted in isolation of Klebsiella pneumoniae or Escherichia coli from affected
      glands of all 3 agalactic sows. Milk from clinically normal glands of affected
      sows and from glands of normal sows was culture-negative for coliforms. Affected
      sows had higher rectal temperatures and lower milk yields, and pigs from affected
      sows had lower mean weights, but these differences were not significant. Mean
      total white blood cell counts and plasma protein to fibrinogen ratios were lower
      in mastitic sows at all 4 periods; differences were significant at certain
      periods in both cases. Evidence indicated that leukopenia appeared early, 8 to 16
      hours postpartum, and was followed by increasing plasma fibrinogen content.
      Packed cell volumes and plasma concentrations of corticoid, estrone, and
      estradiol did not differ. Plasma progesterone content was higher in mastitic sows
      at all periods, but the differences were not significant.

PMID- 1097382
TI  - Bovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis: carrier state of Moraxella bovis and the
      development of preventive measures against disease.
AB  - Bovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis, which is caused by Moraxella bovis,
      occurs perennially in all cattle-raising areas. Disease may occur any time during
      the year but manifests itself often during summer when disease-enhancing factors
      such as ultraviolet radiation and fly population are increased. Although some
      recent research findings indicate that cattle can be immunized against the
      disease, many problems have to be overcome before the cattle industry can benefit
      from such immunization. Some pressing problems relate to lack of cross-protection
      between vaccines of different strains of M bovis, resistant or resilient carrier
      states, and how these factors affect vaccination regimens undertaken. Though
      cattle vaccinated with 1 strain are somewhat protected against subsequent
      challange by the same strain, protection against heterologous strains has not
      been demonstrated. In most herds, cattle harbor M bovis, and these carriers may
      serve as a source of infection.

PMID- 1097383
TI  - Antibiotic A-16316-C, a new water-soluble basic antibiotic.
AB  - A new water-soluble basic antibiotic named antibiotic A-16316-C was isolated
      together with antibiotic A-396-I and hygromycin B from a streptomyces strain
      identified as Streptoverticullium eurocidicus.  The properties of the antibiotic
      A-16316-C were similar to those of destomycin B.  But it was found that the
      antibiotic A-16316-C was not identical with destomycin B on the basis of NMR
      analysis.  On acidic degradation antibiotic A-16136-C gave N, N'-dimethyl-2
      deoxystreptamine, destomic acid and D-mannose.  The gross structure for
      antibiotic A-16136-C was deduced from chemical reactions and spectral data.

PMID- 1097384
TI  - Inhibitors of polypeptide elongation on yeast polysomes.
AB  - Yeast polysomes are very active for amino acid incorporation when supplemented
      with elongation factors and the different components required for elongation of
      the polypeptide chain. This polysomal system is suitable for the study of the
      individual streps of the elongation cycle and to test the effect of different
      inhibitors. Anisomycin, trichodermin, trichodermol, trichothecin, fusarenon X,
      sparsomycin and blasticidin S inhibit peptide bond formation on these polysomes,
      whereas diphtheria toxin, pederine, cycloheximide and cryptopleurine block
      translocation.

PMID- 1097385
TI  - Surfactant inactivation by hyperventilation: conservation by end-expiratory
      pressure.
AB  - Hyperventilation, defined as repeated hyperinflations, for three hours in open
      chested anesthetized cats increased elastic recoil and elevated minimum surface
      tension of lung extracts as measured on a surface film balance. Equivalent
      hyperventilation from an elevated lung volume did not alter the pressure-volume
      relationships. When a mixture of [3H]glycerol and [14C]palmitate had been
      injected 17 h before the three hour period of phyerventilation, an increase in
      the ratio of specific activity in wash to tissue lecithin occurred in the
      hyperventilated cats compared to controls. These findings suggest that
      hyperventilation promotes release of surface active material from tissue to
      alveolus, but the released material is inactivated. The application of 2.5 cmH2O
      positive end-expiratory pressure prevented the adverse effects of
      hyperventilation. The same increase in wash to tissue lecithin occurred during
      this study; since the material was appropriately surface active, we conclude that
      the positive end-expiratory pressure prevented its inactivation.

PMID- 1097386
TI  - A new method for calibrating indicator dilution curves.
AB  - A technique is proposed and experiments carried out to validate an in vivo method
      of calibrating ascorbate dilution curves. Cardiac output measured by the proposed
      method (COi) was compared to cardiac output measured by electromagnetic flowmeter
      (COe). COe averaged 1,281 mg/min and COi averaged 1,284 ml/min (P greater than
      0.90). Correlation between the two methods was 0.92. It is concluded that the
      proposed method measures CO with reasonable accuracy and provides a number of
      advantages over the usual method of measuring blood flow by means of indicators.

PMID- 1097387
TI  - Fluorescent antibody method for the detection of Salmonella: development,
      evaluation, and collaborative study.
AB  - In preliminary studies, several commercial polyvalent fluorescent antibody (FA)
      preparations were evaluated for specificity and crossreactivity and an FA method
      was developed for the screening of Salmonella in products. Approximately 4000
      product samples were tested by the FA method and the results were compared to
      those from the official final action AOAC method, 46.013-46.026. Only 4 FA false
      negatives were found for a total of 619 confirmed positive Salmonella samples.
      The FA false-positive rate was 7%. The method was then subjected to a 2-phase
      collaborative study. In Phase I, 22 analysts tested 5 inoculated and 5
      uninoculated samples of dried milk. In Phase II, 5 naturally contaminated and 5
      presumably uncontaminated foods were analyzed. The study was designed to compare
      results from 11 analysts experienced in FA methodology with those from 11
      analysts with little or no experience. Selenite cystine (SC) and tetrathionate
      (TT) broths were used for enrichment and both were inoculated into SC for post
      enrichment. All 4 combinations (SC, TT, SC-SC, and TT-SC) were used with the FA
      method to determine the best technique. Results were compared to the analysis
      with TT and SC by the AOAC culture method. In all studies, FA analysis with SC-SC
      gave the highest correlation with the AOAC method. In a total of 200 samples, the
      experienced group found 125 AOAC positives and 127 FA positives; no FA false
      negatives and only 2 false-positives were reported. The inexperienced group
      reported 9 FA false-negatives and 5 FA false-positives. All false-negatives
      occurred in only 3 of the inexperienced laboratories. These studies showed that
      enrichment and post-enrichment in SC gave the best FA results and that training
      in FA methodology is required for correlation with existing AOAC methodology. The
      FA method for the detection of Salmonella has been adopted as official first
      action.

PMID- 1097388
TI  - Direct patterns vs. indirect impression technics--a rationale for choice.

PMID- 1097389
TI  - Transport properties of merodiploids covering the dagA locus in Escherichia coli
      K-12.
AB  - A membrane componenet of the dag transport system which serves for glycine, D
      alanine, and D-serine is coded for by the dagA gene at minute 83 of the
      Escherichia coli chromosome. Merodiploid strains (dagA+/dagA+) show two to three
      times the transport activity for only those amino acids that are substrates of
      the dag transport system. The increased transport activity is a result of a two
      to threefold increase in Vmax for amino acid uptake with little or no change in
      the Km value. The two- to threefold gene dose effect of the merodiploid strains
      is maintained even during carbon starvation, eliminating the possibility that a
      greater energy supply for transport activity may account for the effect. Since
      merodiploids which carry more than one copy of the dagA allele show a gene dose
      response for transport activity, we conclude that the membrane componenet of the
      dag transport system which is coded for by the dagA allele is present in limiting
      amounts.

PMID- 1097390
TI  - Genetic characterization of the metK locus in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Three independently isolated metK mutants have been shown to have leisions lying
      between speB and glc near 57 min on the Escherichia coli chromosome. Two
      deletions result in a lack of the metC gene product but neither extends into the
      metK glc region. The three metK mutations are recessive to the wild-type allele
      carried on the KLF16 episome.

PMID- 1097391
TI  - New phosphoglucose isomerase mutants of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The mutants used to show that phosphoglucose isomerase, and glucose itself, are
      not essential components of Escherichia coli had not been characterized
      genetically, other than by mapping. We now describe two new pgi mutants, one
      amber and the other a Mu-phage insertion, presumably both complete inactivation
      mutations. The new mutations do not give a phenotype markedly different from
      those described earlier. However, they might be preferred for certain
      physiological studies, and we have prepared for this a new double mutant, strain
      DF214, with a Mu insertion in pgi and a deletion in zwf (flucose 6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase).

PMID- 1097392
TI  - Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase mutants of Escherichia coli.
AB  - We describe glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase mutants of Escherichia coli.
      The gene (gap) is at approximately 34 min, with the transductional order gap-fadD
      eda. One gap mutant is temperature sensitive and has a heat-labile enzyme.
      Another is amber.

PMID- 1097393
TI  - Phosphorylation of D-glucose in Escherichia coli mutants defective in
      glucosephosphotransferase, mannosephosphotransferase, and glucokinase.
AB  - Genetic studies show that Escherichia coli has three enzymes capable of
      phosphorylating glucose: soluble adenosine 5'-triphosphate-dependent glucokinase,
      which plays only a minor role in glucose metabolism; an enzyme II, called
      glucosephosphotransferase, with high specificity for the D-glucose configuration;
      and another enzyme II, called mannosephosphotransferase, with broader
      specificity. The former enzyme II is active on glucose and methyl-alpha
      glucopyranoside, whereas the latter is active on D-glucose, D-mannose, 2-deoxy-D
      glucose, D-glucosamine, and D-mannosamine. Mutations leading to loss of
      glucosephosphotransferase activity and designated by the symbol gpt are between
      the purB and pyrC markers in a locus previously called cat. The locus of
      mutations to loss of mannosephosphotransferase, mpt, is between the eda and fadD
      genes. Mutations to loss of glucokinase, glk, are between the ptsI and dsd genes.

PMID- 1097394
TI  - Specialized peptide transport system in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Trileucine is utilized as a source of leucine for growth of strains of
      Escherichia coli K-12 that are deficient in the oligopeptide transport system
      (Opp). Trithreonine is toxic to E. coli K-12. Opp- mutants of E. coli K-12 retain
      complete sensitivity to this tripeptide. Moreover, E. coli W, which is resistant
      to trithreonine, can utlize this tripeptide as a threonine source and this
      capability is fully maintained in E. coli W (Opp-). A spontaneous trithreonine
      resistant mutant of E. coli K-12 (Opp-) has been isolated that has an impaired
      growth response to trileucine and is resistant to trithreonine. Trileucine
      competes with the uptake of trithreonine as measured by its ability to relieve
      trithreonine toxicity in E. coli K-12. It is concluded that trileucine as well as
      trithreonine are transported into E. coli K-12 or W by a common uptake system
      that is distinct from the Opp system. Trimethionine can act as a competitor of
      trileucine or trithreonine-supported growth and as an antagonist of trithreonine
      toxicity in Opp- mutants. It is concluded that trimethionine is recognized by the
      trileucine-trithreonine transport system. Trithreonine, trimethionine, and
      trileucine are also transported by the Opp system, as they all relieve
      triornithine toxicity towards E. coli W and compete with tetralysine utilization
      as lysine source for growth of a lysine auxotroph of this strain.

PMID- 1097395
TI  - Multiplicity of oligopeptide transport systems in Escherichia coli.
AB  - The ability of Escherichia coli K-12 4212 to utilize a variety of oligopeptides
      as sources of required amino acids was examined. Triornithine-resistant mutants
      of this strain were oligopeptide permease deficient (Opp-) as judged by their
      inability to utilize (Lys)3 and (Lys)4 as sources of lysine and their resistance
      to the toxic tripeptide (Val)3. These same mutants were able to grow when Met-Met
      Met, Met-Gly-Met, Met-Gly-Gly, Gly-Met-Gly, Gly-Gly-Met, Gly-Met-Met, Met-Met
      Gly, or Leu-Leu-Leu were supplied in place of the requisite amino acid. The
      system mediating the uptake of these peptides, herein designated Opr I, was not
      able to transport N-alpha-acetylated peptides, nor the tetrapeptides Met-Gly-Met
      Met, Met-Met-Gly-Met, or Met-Met-Met-Gly. Competition experiments indicated that
      trimethionine and trileucine enter E. coli K-12 via either Opp or Opr I.
      Analogous results were found using the methionine, leucine-requiring auxotroph E.
      coli B163. It appears that more than one oligopeptide transport system exists in
      E. coli and that the system mediating peptide uptake is complex.

PMID- 1097396
TI  - chlD gene function in molybdate activation of nitrate reductase.
AB  - chlD mutants of Escherichia coli lack active nitrate reductase but form normal
      levels of this enzyme when the medium is supplemented with 10-3 M molybdate. When
      chlD mutants were grown in unsupplemented medium and then incubated with
      molybdate in the presence of chloramphenicol, they formed about 5% the normal
      level of nitrate reductase. Some chlD mutants or the wild type grown in medium
      supplemented with tungstate accumulated an inactive protein which was
      electrophoretically identical to active nitrate reductase. Addition of molybdate
      to those cells in the presence of chloramphenicol resulted in the formation of
      fully induced levels of nitrate reductase. Two chlD mutants, including a deletion
      mutant, failed to accumulate the inactive protein and to form active enzyme under
      the same conditions. Insertion of 99-Mo into the enzyme protein paralleled
      activation; 185-W could not be demonstrated to be associated with the accumulated
      inactive protein. The rates of activation of nitrate reductase at varying
      molybdate concentrations indicated that the chlD gene product facilitates the
      activation of nitrate reductase at concentrations of molybdate found in normal
      growth media. At high concentrations, molybdate circumvented this function in
      chlD mutants and appeared to activate nitrate reductase by a mass action process.
      We conclude that the chlD gene plays two distinguishable roles in the formation
      of nitrate reductase in E. coli. It is involved in the accumulation of fully
      induced levels of the nitrate reductase protein in the cell membrane and it
      facilitates the insertion of molybdenum to form the active enzyme.

PMID- 1097397
TI  - Genetic and physical studies of lambda transducing bacteriophage carrying the
      beta subunit gene of the Escherichia coli ribonucleic acid polymerase.
AB  - The prophage lambdac1857 was inserted into the bfe gene located near rif (the
      structural gene for the beta subunit of deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA]-dependent
      ribonucleic acid polymerase) on the Escherichia coli chromosome. Induced lysates
      (low-frequency transducing lysates) of such a lysogen contained defective lambda
      phage particles (lambdadrif+) that can specifically transduce the wild-type rif+
      gene. Upon transduction into a recipient strain carrying recA, heterogenotes
      harboring both the wild-type and the mutant rif genes were isolated. Rec+
      derivatives of these heterogenotes produce high-frequency transducing lysates
      that contain lambdadrif+ and normal active phages at a ratio of 1 to 2. The
      results of marker rescue experiments and of density determination with several
      transducing phages indicate that most of the late genes are deleted and replaced
      by a segment of the chromosomal DNA carrying the bfe-rif region. The length of
      the chromosomal segment seems to vary between approximately 0.5 and 0.6% of the
      total bacterial DNA among the three independently isolated lambdadrif+ phages.
      Electron microscopy of heteroduplex DNA consisting of one strand from lambdadrif+
      6 and the other from lambdaimm-21 phages directly confirmed that most of the
      phage DNA of the "left arm" was replaced by the bacterial DNA. The heteroduplex
      study also demonstrated that the integration of prophage lambda into the bfe
      region occurred at the normal cross-over point within the phage attachment site.

PMID- 1097398
TI  - D-Alanine-requiring cell wall mutant of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli is described whose cells show a spherical or
      irregular morphology, associated with leakage of beta-galactosidase and other
      intracellular proteins. The expression of the morphologic abnormality is most
      marked when the mutant is grown in rich media and is suppressed by D-alamine, D
      serine, D-glutamate, or glycine supplementation. D-Alanine is the most effective
      amino acid supplement, half maximally supressing this anomalous property at a
      concentration of 75 mug/ml, as measured by the reduction in beta-galactosidase
      released from the cells. The mutant is more sensitive to penicillin G, D
      methionine, and D-valine and it is relatively resistant to lysozyme. These
      phenotypic abnormalities are likewise corrected by the above supplementations.
      The relative rates of peptidoglycan synthesis in mutant and parent, grown under
      restrictive conditions, were measured both in vivo and in vitro by rates of
      incorporation of L-[14-D]alanine and uridine-5'-diphosphate-N-acetyl-D-[1-15C-A1
      glucosamine, respectively. There is not metabolic block in the biosynthesis of
      uridine-5'-diphosphate-N-acetyl-muramyl-pentapeptide as shown by enzymic analysis
      and the lack of accumulation of uridine-5'-diphosphate-N-acetylmuramyl-peptide
      precursors. These preliminary studies suggest that the mutant possesses a defect
      in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan although the exact lesion has not yet been
      established.

PMID- 1097399
TI  - Ultrastructural studies of sporulation in Bacillus sphaericus.
AB  - Spore septum formation in Bacillus sphaericus 9602 occurs 2 h after the end of
      exponential growth at one end of the vegetative cell, which retains a uniform
      diameter. The apparently rigid spore septum contains an inner cell wall layer
      which disappears when the sporulation septum "bulges" into the mother cell
      cytoplasm. This process occurs simultaneously with terminal swelling at the end
      of the cell containing the spore septum. It is suggested that the inner cell wall
      layer is peptidoglycan and that its dissolution and the terminal swelling are
      consequences of a localized autolysis. Engulfment of the forespore by membrane
      proliferation results in the production of a forespore surrounded by two
      flexible, closely apposed membranes. These membranes appear to become more rigid
      as a peptidoglycan-like layer appears between them, concomitant with the
      condensation of the forespore nucleoid into a crescent-shaped structure. After
      nuclear condensation, visible development of distinct cortex, primordial cell
      wall, and spore coat layers begin, and the forespore cytoplasm assumes an
      appearance similar to that of a refractile spore. The spore coats consist of an
      amorphous inner layer, a lamellar midlayer, and a structured outer layer. As
      cortex synthesis and spore coat assembly continue, exosporium development
      commences close to that portion of the mother cell plasma membrane which
      surrounds the forespore. The exosporium is lamellar and in tangential section is
      seen to have a hexagonal arrangement of subunits. The timing of these
      morphological events has the expected correlation with the appearance of unique
      enzyme activites required for cortex synthesis.

PMID- 1097400
TI  - Derivation of glycine from threonine in Escherichia coli K-12 mutants.
AB  - Escherichia coli AT2046 has been shown previously to lack the enzyme serine
      transhydroxymethylase and to require exogenous glycine for growth as a
      consequence. Strains JEV73 and JEV73R, mutants derived from strain AT2046, are
      shown here to be serine transhydroxymethylase deficient, but able to derive their
      glycine from endogenously synthesized threonine. Leucine is shown to be closely
      involved in the regulation of biosynthesis of glycine, to spare glycine in strain
      AT2046T, to replace glycine in strain JEV73, and to increase threonine conversion
      to glycine in a representative prototroph of E. coli. An interpretation of
      strains JEV73 and JEV73R as regulatory mutants of strain AT2046 is given. A
      hypothesis as to the role of leucine as a signal for nitrogen scavenging is
      suggested.

PMID- 1097401
TI  - Rate stimulation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis after inhibition.
AB  - The degree to which the rate of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in thy- cultures
      of Escherichia coli is stimulated after a period of thymine starvation is shown
      to be a function of the concentration of thymine present as well as of the
      culture doubling time. Inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by nalidixic
      acid yields comparable results. Periods of thymine starvation exceeding one
      doubling time appear to cause an irreversible inactivation of a fraction of the
      replication forks in the culture.

PMID- 1097402
TI  - Dominant and semidominant mutations leading to thermosensitivity of ribonucleic
      acid biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Different dominant thermosensitive mutations affecting the same gene were
      selected in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis decreased
      rapidly and markedly at 37 C in all the mutants whether they were in a homozygous
      or a heterozygous state. Protein biosynthesis was at first unaffected and then
      decreased slowly, stopping after 5 h. Measurements of RNA biosynthesis in
      isolated nuclei as well as in vitro activities of RNA polymerases A and B at 22
      and 37 C failed to reveal any difference between mutants and the wild type.
      Analysis of the nature of the residual RNAs synthesized at the high temperature
      in the mutants showed a small relative increase in the messenger RNA fraction,
      but it was not sufficient to indicate a specific inactivation of RNA polymerase A
      activity. The results suggest an impairment in a common regulatory element for
      all RNA polymerases acting at the level of the initiation of transcription.
      Similar mutants with a semidominant phenotype were obtained in which the lesions
      were in two other unlinked loci.

PMID- 1097403
TI  - Effect of growth rate on the amounts of ribosomal and transfer ribonucleic acids
      in yeast.
AB  - The steady-state growth rate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was varied by growing
      the cells in different media. The total amount of ribonucleic acid (RNA) per cell
      was found to decrease as a nonlinear function of decreasing growh rate. The RNA
      from cells growing in different media was analyzed by polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoresis. Although the amounts of both ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA
      decreased with decreasing growth rate, the ratio of ribosomal to transfer RNA was
      not constant. As the growth rate was reduced the ribosomal RNA fraction decreased
      slightly, whereas the transfer RNA fraction increased slightly. Thus the levels
      of ribosomal and transfer RNA were regulated to similar yet different extents.
      The levels of the different ribosomal RNA species were more closely coordinated.
      At all growth rates the ribosomal RNAs (including 5S RNA) were present in
      equimolar amounts. The rate of protein synthesis in yeast cells also decreased
      with decreasing growth rate. The low rates of protein synthesis did not appear to
      be due to limiting numbers of ribosomes or transfer RNA molecules.

PMID- 1097404
TI  - Interaction of the expression of two membrane genes, acrA and plsA, in
      Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The mutation acrA1, leading to acriflavine sensitivity through disorganization of
      the plasma membrane, is located between proC and purE on the Escherichia coli K
      12 chromosome. Gene plsA has been reported to determine biosynthesis of membrane
      phospholipid and to be located very near acrA (1). Genes acrA and plsA fall into
      different cistrons and are arranged in the order proC-acrA-plasA-purE. The genes
      were shown to interact with each other. Introduction of acrA mutation into a plsA
      temperature-sensitive mutant mitigated the heat sensitivity. Plasmid (F-gal+)
      stability in acrA mutants was restored by introduction of the plasA mutation into
      the acrA cells. When an Hfr plsA donor was conjugated with an acrA recipient, or
      when reciprocally conjugated, the exogenotes were eliminated at high frequency
      during subsequent subcultivation in broth. However, the exogenotes were not
      eliminated in all other allelic combinations of genes acrA and plsA. When an F
      gal+ plasmid was introduced into the unstable heterozygotes
      (acrA+plsA/acrApls1+), the plasmids were stably hosted, whereas the acrA+ plasA
      exogenotes were spontaneously lost at a high frequency. On the other hand, when
      the unstable heterozygotes carrying F-gal+ were cultured in acriflavine
      containing medium, the F-gal+ plasmids were preferentially eliminated but the
      acrA+plasA exogenotes were not affected. The results suggest that the
      organization of the plasma membrane controls the recombination of the exogenotes
      introduced into zygotes.

PMID- 1097405
TI  - Partial suppression of the phenotype of Escherichia coli K-12 dnaG mutants by
      some I-like conjugative plasmids.
AB  - Three I-like conjugative plasmids, ColIdrd1, R144drd3, and R64drd11, which are
      derepressed for functions involved in conjugation, were found to suppress at
      least partially the phenotype of temperature-sensitive dnaG mutants of
      Escherichia coli K-12, as judged from the kinetics of deoxyribonucleic acid
      synthesis at elevated temperature in newly formed and established plasmid
      containing strains. In contrast, the corresponding wild-type plasmids and three F
      like derepressed conjugative plasmids, F101, R100drd1, and R1drd16, all failed to
      suppress. Suppression is presumably caused by a different plasmid-determined
      function from that which promotes survival of ultraviolet-irradiated bacteria,
      because both the wild-type I-like plasmids and their drd mutants protected
      irradiated bacteria. One possible interpretation of these results is that the
      product of a gene carried by certain I-like plasmids can substitute for the
      bacterial dnaG gene product during ongoing deoxyribonucleic acid replication.

PMID- 1097406
TI  - Isolation and characterization of recessive, constitutive mutations for
      repressible acid phosphatase synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Two new classes of mutants containing recessive constitutive mutations, phoT and
      phoU, that affect the repressible acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae were isolated along with many previously known phoR mutants. These
      loci segregated independently from each other, from the phoS gene, and from
      another regulatory gene, phoD, that exerts positive control for acid phosphatase
      synthesis. The phoR and phoU mutations showed the same genetic behavior in the
      double mutants, which also contained the phoS or phoD mutation. In contrast, the
      phoT mutation could not suppress the phoS mutation, which caused a loss of enzyme
      activity. Many mutant alleles of phoR and phoU were found to be temperature
      sensitive (ts), whereas those of phoT were not. These ts mutants were
      constitutive at 35 C but severely repressible at 25 C. These facts strongly
      suggest that both the phoR and phoU genes are cooperatively concerned with the
      production of the repressor, whereas the phoT gene might be involved in another
      mechanism distinct from that in which phoR and phoU are involved. No single
      mutation of phoR, phoT, or phoU result in an enzyme level comparable to that of
      fully derepressed enzyme activities, and the temperature sensitivity of the ts
      phoR and ts phoU mutations in such combinations almost disappeared. In addition
      to these observations, since the ts phoR phoS and ts phoU phoS double mutants
      showed some enzyme synthesis at 25 C under derepressing conditions, a defect in
      the ts mutant repressors was strongly suggested, even at 25 C.

PMID- 1097407
TI  - Relationship between chromosome replication and cell division in a thymineless
      mutant of Escherichia coli B/r.
AB  - The relationship between chromosome replication and cell division was
      investigated in a thymineless mutant of Escherichia coli B/r. Examination of the
      changes in average cell mass and DNA content of exponential cultures resulting
      from changes in the thymine concentration in the growth medium suggested that as
      the replication time (C) is increased there is a decrease in the period between
      termination of a round of replication and the subsequent cell division (D).
      Observations on the pattern of DNA synthesis during the division cycle were
      consistent with this relationship. Nevertheless, the kinetics of transition of
      exponential cultures moving between steady states of growth with differing
      replication velocities provided evidence to support the view that the time of
      cell division is determined by termination of rounds of replication under steady
      state conditions.

PMID- 1097408
TI  - Utilization of selected leucine peptide amides by Escherichia coli.
AB  - Studies on the utilization of leucine peptide amides as a source of leucine for a
      leucine auxotroph showed that in general compounds with the structure leu-chi
      amide (where chi is any amide) are utilized as well as the free peptide, but that
      compounds with the structure chi-leu amide (where chi is not leucine) are used
      less effectively than the free peptide. Growth and enzymological experiments
      indicated that the lower capacity of Escherichia coli to utilize amides of the
      structure chi-leu amide is not a result of poor transport of these compounds, but
      rather the inability to rapidly liberate leucine from the amide when it is
      supplied to the cell in the form of a peptide. Competition studies indicated that
      the peptide amides enter the cell via the oligopeptide permease system.

PMID- 1097409
TI  - Separate regulation of transport and biosynthesis of leucine, isoleucine, and
      valine in bacteria.
AB  - Since both transport activity and the leucine biosynthetic enzymes are repressed
      by growth on leucine, the regulation of leucine, isoleucine, and valine
      biosynthetic enzymes was examined in Escherichia coli K-12 strain EO312, a
      constitutively derepressed branched-chain amino acid transport mutant, to
      determine if the transport derepression affected the biosynthetic enzymes.
      Neither the iluB gene product, acetohydroxy acid synthetase (acetolactate
      synthetase, EC 4.1.3.18), NOR THE LEUB gene product, 3-isopropylmalate
      dehydrogenase (2-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-carboxyvalerate-nicotinamide adenine
      dinucleotide oxido-reductase, EC 1.1.1.85), were significantly affected in their
      level of derepression or repression compared to the parental strain. A number of
      strains with alterations in the regulation of the branched-chain amino acid
      biosynthetic enzymes were examined for the regulation of the shock-sensitive
      transport system for these amino acids (LIV-I). When transport activity was
      examined in strains with mutations leading to derepression of the iluB, iluADE,
      and leuABCD gene clusters, the regulation of the LIV-I transport system was found
      to be normal. The regulation of transport in an E. coli strain B/r with a
      deletion of the entire leucine biosynthetic operon was normal, indicating none of
      the gene products of this operon are required for regulation of transport.
      Salmonella typhimurium LT2 strain leu-500, a single-site mutation affecting both
      promotor-like and operator-like function of the leuABCD gene cluster, also had
      normal regulation of the LIV-I transport system. All of the strains contained
      leucine-specific transport activity, which was also repressed by growth in media
      containing leucine, isoleucine and valine. The concentrated shock fluids from
      these strains grown in minimal medium or with excess leucine, isoleucine, and
      valine were examined for proteins with leucine-binding activity, and the levels
      of these proteins were found to be regulated normally. It appears that the
      branched-chain amino acid transport systems and biosynthetic enzymes in E. coli
      strains K-12 and B/r and in S. typhimurium strain LT2 are not regulated together
      by a cis-dominate type of mechanism, although both systems may have components in
      common.

PMID- 1097410
TI  - Random replication of the stringent plasmid R1 in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The R-factor R1 is present in a low number of copies per genome (near unity, so
      called stringent control of replication). The replication of R1 was studied in a
      density-shift experiment. One generation after the shift about 20% of the R1
      copies had not replicated, whereas about 20% had replicated at least twice. The
      results are in quantitative accordance with a random replication of R1 in which
      the replicating molecules are taken from a cytoplasmic plasmid pool and
      transferred back to the pool after replication. This is analogous to the results
      obtained by Bazaral and Helinski (1970) and Rownd (1969) for plasmids that are
      present in 10 to 20 copies per genome (so-called relaxed control of replication).
      Hence, there seem to be no difference between stringent and relaxed plasmids with
      respect to selection of plasmid molecules for replication. However, we cannot
      tell whether all R1 copies in a cell replicate during a fraction of or throughout
      the cell cycle. The random selction of plasmid copies for replication has to be
      considered when models for control of replication are constructed.

PMID- 1097411
TI  - Ribonucleic acid destruction and synthesis during intraperiplasmic growth of
      Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus.
AB  - During growth of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on (2-14C)uracil-labeled Escherichia
      coli approximately 50% of the radioactivity is incorporated by the bdellovibrio
      and most of the remainder is released as free nucleic acid bases. Kinetic studies
      showed that 50 and 30S ribosomal particles and 23 and 16S ribosomal ribonucleic
      acid (RNA) of E. coli are almost completely degraded by the first 90 min in a 210
      to 240-min bdellovibrio developmental cycle. Synthesis of bdellovibrio ribosomal
      RNA was first detected after 90 min. The specific activity and the ratio of
      radioactivity in the bases of the synthesized bdellovibrio RNA was essentially
      the same as those of the substrate E. coli. The total radioactivity of the
      bdellovibrio deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) exceeded that in the DNA of the
      substrate E. coli cell, and the ratio of radioactivity of cytosine to thymine
      residues differed. Intraperiplasmic growth of B. bacteriovorus in the presence of
      added nucleoside monophosphates (singly or in combination) significantly
      decreased the uptake of radioactivity from (2-14C)uracil-labeled E. coli;
      nucleosides or nucleic acid bases did not. It is concluded that the RNA of the
      substrate cell, in the form of nucleoside monophosphates, is the major or
      exclusive precursor of the bdellovirbrio RNA and also serves as a precursor for
      some of the bdellovibrio DNA.

PMID- 1097412
TI  - Induction of lactose transport in Escherichia coli during the absence of
      phospholipid synthesis.
AB  - Induction of lactose transport and of beta-galactosidase synthesis was examined
      in two Escherichia coli strains that require exogenous glycerol for phospholipid
      synthesis and growth. No preferential inhibition of lactose transport induction
      was observed when phospholipid synthesis was restricted to 5 to 10% of the normal
      rate. We conclude that the lactose transport system does not require concurrent
      phospholipid synthesis for its functional assembly.

PMID- 1097413
TI  - Nuclear and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid replication during mitosis in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - To study nuclear and mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis during
      the cell cycle, a 15N-labeled log-phase population of Saccharomyces cervisiae was
      shifted to 14N medium. After one-half generation, the cells were centrifuged on a
      sorbitol gradient in a zonal rotor to fractionate the population according to
      cell size and age into fractions representing the yeast cell cycle. DNA samples
      isolated from the zonal rotor cell samples were centrifuged to equilibrium in
      CsC1 in an analytical ultracentrifuge to separate the nuclear and mitochondrial
      DNA components. The amount of 14N incorporated into each 15N-labeled DNA species
      was measured. The extent of nuclear DNA replication per sample was obtained by
      measuring the amount of hybrid DNA. The percentage of hybrid nuclear DNA
      increased from 6 to 68% and then decreased to 44% during the cell cycle. Upon
      ultracentrifugation, mitochondrial DNA banded as a unimodal peak in all zonal
      rotor samples. Mitochondrial DNA replication could be ascertained only by the 14N
      level in each mitochondrial peak and not, as with nuclear DNA, by hybrid DNA
      level. In contrast to the nuclear incorporation pattern, the 14N percentage in
      mitochondrial DNA remained effectively constant during the cell cycle. Comparison
      of the data to theoretical distributions showed that nuclear DNA was replicated
      discontinuously during the cell cycle, whereas mitochondrial DNA was replicated
      continuously throughout the entire mitotic cycle.

PMID- 1097414
TI  - Mating aggregates in Escherichia coli conjugation.
AB  - Mating mixtures of Escherichia coli cells were shown to contain mating aggregates
      of two to 20 cells each rather than only mating pairs of two cells each. The
      mating aggregate size distribution shows two broad peaks, at two to four cells
      and at eight to 13 cells. The quantitative mating aggregate size distribution and
      the proportion of male cells in mating aggregates are dependent on the input
      ratio of male to female cells. At an input ratio of one to one, the average
      mating aggregate contains equal proportions of male and female cells and most of
      the cells involved in mating are in large aggregates of seven or more cells each.
      The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) transfer efficiency per mating aggregate cell was
      constant regardless of average aggregate size or of the ratio of male to female
      cells in the aggregate. Under optimal conditions essentially every male cell or
      every female cell in a mating aggregate can be involved in DNA transfer. A
      comparison of light microscopy, sucrose gradient centrifugation, and analysis
      with a modified Coulter counter indicated that the number of cells in mating
      aggregates is best equantitated using a modified Coulter counter.

PMID- 1097415
TI  - Specificity and genetics of S-adenosylmethionine transport in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - The specificity of a transport system for S-adenosylmethionine was determined
      through the use of structurally related derivatives. Of the compounds tested, the
      analogues S-adenosylethionine and S-inosylmethionine and the naturally occurring
      compounds S-adenosyl-(5')-3-methylthiopropylamine and S-adenosylhomocysteine
      competitively inhibited uptake of the sulfonium compound. Ki values for these
      compounds indicate that the order of affinity for the transport protein is S
      adenosylmethionine congruent to S-adenosyl-(5')-3-methyl-thiopropylamine greater
      than S-adenosylethionine greater than S-inosylmethionine greater than S
      adenosylhomocysteins. S-adenosyl-(2-hydroxy-4-methylthio)butyric acid exerted
      inhibition of a mixed type. S-insoyl-(2-hydroxy-4-methylthio)butyric acid, S
      inosylhomocysteine, and S-ribosylhomocysteine were without effect. On the basis
      of the inhibition data, the methionine-amino, adenine-amino, and methyl groups
      were identified as group important in the binding of S-adenosylmethionine to the
      transport protein. Comparison is made with the specificities of various
      transmethylating enzymes utilizing S-adenosylmethionine. In addition, a number of
      conventional and temperature-sensitive S-adenosylmethionine transport mutants
      were isolated and analyzed in an attempt to identify the structural character of
      the specific transport protein(s). The data obtained suggest that only a single
      gene (a single polypeptide) is involved in specific S-adenosylmethionine
      transport. Apparent interallelic complementation supports the assumption that the
      functional form of the protein is composed of two or more copies of a monomer.

PMID- 1097416
TI  - Genes for ribitol and D-arabitol catabolism in Escherichia coli: their loci in C
      strains and absence in K-12 and B strains.
AB  - Escherichia coli C strains can grow at the expense of the two natural pentitols
      ribitol and D-arabitol, sugar alcohols previously thought not to be utilized by
      E. coli. E. coli strains K-12 and B cannot utilize either compound. The genetic
      loci responsible for pentitol catabolism in E. coli C, designated rtl and atl,
      are separate and closely linked. Each lies between metG and his and is highly co
      transducible with metG and with a P2 prophage attachment site. rtl and atl
      readily can be transduced into E. coli K-12 or B strains, in which they integrate
      at, or very near, their E. coli C location. Transduction also can be used to
      insert rtl and atl into certain E. coli K-12 F' plasmids. No recombination
      between E. coli C strains and either K-12 or B strains occurs within the rtl-atl
      genetic region after interstrain conjugations or transductions. No cryptic rtl or
      atl genes in K-12 or B strains can be detected by complementation, recombination,
      or mutagenesis. These results are consistent with the view that the rtl-atl
      portion of the E. coli C chromosome has no counterpart in E. coli K-12 or B and
      may have been obtained from an extrageneric source. Detailed biochemical and
      genetic comparisons of penitol utilization in E. coli and Klebsiella aerogenes
      are in progress. The ability to catabolize xylitol is conferred upon E. coli C
      strains by a mutation at or adjacent to the rtl locus, whereas in E. coli K-12 or
      B strains harboring rtl an additional mutation at a separate locus is required
      for xylitol utilization.

PMID- 1097417
TI  - Intrinsic and extrinsic light responses of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Exposure to intense light in the region between 390 and 530 nm has been shown to
      have three effects on the motility of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia
      coli. Short pulses of light initiate continuous tumbling. Longer exposures to
      light induce smooth swimming, and prolonged exposures induced paralysis. The
      tumbling response is intimately connected with the chemical gradient-sensing
      apparatus of the bacterium and can be overcome by strong temporal gradients of
      attractant. Some mutants of S. typhimurium which are defective in the tumble
      generating mechanism for chemotaxis are also unable to tumble in intense light.
      This intrinsic light effect can be mimicked by the addition of external dyes (the
      classical photodynamic effect), but it can be shown that the two phenomena are
      distinct. The extrinsic (photodynamic) effect can be inhibited by histidine or by
      anaerobic conditions, whereas the intrinsic effect is not. The observation that
      the extrinsic effect can also produce the three types of light responses listed
      above suggests a common pathway after an intial event on either an endogenous or
      an externally added photoreceptor.

PMID- 1097418
TI  - Enhanced level and metabolic regulation of methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid
      synthetase in different strains of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase of Escherichia coli K
      12 eductants carrying P2-mediated deletions in the region of the structural gene
      of this enzyme was investigated. No structural alteration of this enzyme was
      observed in three eductants examined. These were isolated from strain AB311,
      which had a threefold higher level of methionyl-tRNA synthetase than most haploid
      strains examined. In two of the three eductants studied, the level of this enzyme
      was twofold higher than in their parental strain regardless of growth conditions
      used. In contrast, isoleucyl-, leucyl-, and valyl-tRNA synthetases had similar
      levels in all strains examined. Like valyl-tRNA synthetase, but to a lesser
      extent, methionyl-tRNA synthetase was subject to metabolic regulation. Coupling
      between the level of methionyl-tRNA synthetase and growth rate was observed even
      in strains that had an enhanced level of methionyl-tRNA synthetase. These results
      suggest that the formation of methionyl-tRNA synthetase remains subject to
      metabolic regulation even when the repression-like mechanism that controls the
      synthesis of this enzyme is altered. In addition, we report that in the
      merodiploid strain EM20031, which was haploid for the valyl-tRNA synthetase
      structural gene and diploid for the structural genes of methionyl-tRNA synthetase
      and D-serine deaminase, the levels of these latter two enzymes varied to a minor
      yet significant extent with the phosphate concentration of the culture medium;
      under the same conditions, the level of valyl-tRNA synthetase remained unchanged.
      Moreover, no variation of the levels of these three enzymes in response to
      phosphate was observed in the haploid strain HfrH. These results indicate that in
      the merodiploid strain EM20031, which carries the episome F32, the number of
      episomes per chromosome varies to some extent according to the phosphate
      concentration of the culture medium.

PMID- 1097419
TI  - Role of methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid in the regulation of methionyl
      transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - A decrease in the in vivo acylation level of methionine transfer ribonucleic acid
      (tRNAmet) induced by methioninyl adenylate led to a specific derepression of
      methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase formation. This
      derepression required de novo protein synthesis and was reflected by
      overproduction of unaltered enzyme. Two different strains of Escherichia coli K
      12 that have normal levels of methionyl-tRNA synthetase were examined and the
      derepression of methionyl-tRNA synthetase was observed in both. Moreover, for one
      of these strains, the relation between the level of methionyl-tRNA synthetase and
      deacylation level of tRNAmet was established; under the growth conditions used,
      when more than 25% of tRNAmet was deacylated, methionyl-tRNA synthetase formation
      was derepressed and the level of derepression became proportional to the amount
      of tRNAmet deacylated. Concomitantly, the enzyme was subject to specific
      inactivation as a consequence of which the true de novo rate of derepression of
      the formation of this enzyme was higher than that determined by measurements of
      enzyme activity. These studies were extended to strains AB311 and ed2, which had
      a constitutive enhanced level of methionyl-tRNA synthetase. In these strains no
      derepression of enzyme formation was observed on reducing the acylation level of
      tRNAmet by use of methioninyl adenylate.

PMID- 1097420
TI  - Genetic control of yeast mannan structure: mapping genes mnn2 and mnn4 in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Two mutations concerned with mannan biosynthesis in the yeast Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae have been mapping. The mnn2 mutation, which affects the addition to
      the polysaccharide backbone of the first side-chain D-mannose unit in alpha1
      leads to2 linkage, was located on chromosome II linked to the centromere and the
      gall locus. The mn4 locus, which regulates the synthesis of mannosylphosphate
      groups on the mannan side chains, was placed on chromosome XI near trp3 and ural
      and a locus previously reported to regulate the ability of a S. diastaticus
      strain to bind alcian blue (Friis and Ottolenghi, 1970). The mnn4 mutant also
      fails to bind alcain blue, but the gene responsible for alcian blud binding in
      this strain segregates independently from the dye-binding locus of S.
      diastaticus, and therefore must be a different gene. A diploid heterozygous for
      mnn4 fails to bind dye, indicating dominance of this mutant genotype. The alcian
      blue dye binding locus dbll, reported to Friis and Ottolenghi (1970), is also
      dominant. Thus, there are at least two independent genes that control the
      formation of the mannosylphosphate units in the mannan side chains, and both have
      the property of dominance in the mutant form.

PMID- 1097421
TI  - Class of small multicopy plasmids originating from the mutant antibiotic
      resistance factor R1 drd-19B2.
AB  - The large mutant R-factor R1drd-19B2 gives rise to several classes of small,
      covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), designated as Rsc DNAs,
      when harbored by the K-12 strain CRT46 which carries a dnaA mutation. The
      molecular weights of these DNA molecules range from 3 X 106 to 8.4 X 106. Cells
      arising from single colonies of CRT46-R1drd-19B2 harbor only one to two copies of
      the large mutant R-factor and in addition 10 to 20 copies of Rsc plasmid of a
      discrete size class per chromosome. The larger Rsc DNAs carry the ampicillin
      resistance gene. After transformation the small circular DNAs are present in
      Escherichia coli C in a large number of copies, up to 100 copies per chromosome.
      Hybridization studies between Rsc plasmids indicate that they possess common DNA
      sequences.

PMID- 1097422
TI  - alphabeta sequence of F is IS31.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that there is a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) segment,
      of length 1.3 kb and denoted as the alphabeta sequence, which occurs twice on the
      F plasmid at corrdinates 93.2 to 94.5/OF kb and 13.7 to 15.0F kb. In the present
      investigation, heteroduplexes were prepared between a phage DNA carrying the
      insertion sequence IS3 and suitable F-prime DNAs. The hybrids formed show that
      IS3 is the same as alphabeta. This result plus previous studies support the view
      that: (i) the insertion sequence IS2 and IS3 occur on F and, in multiple copies,
      on the main bacterial chromosome of Escherichia coli K-12; and (ii)these IS
      sequences on the main bacterial chromosomes are hot spots for Hfr formation by
      reciprocal recombination with the corresponding sequences of F.

PMID- 1097423
TI  - Regulation of bacterial cell division: temperature-sensitive mutants of
      Escherichia coli that are defective in septum formation.
AB  - Mutations ts2158 and ts1882, which confer temperature sensitivity of septum
      formation, map near leu in the region of min 2.0 to 2.1 on the Escherichia coli
      chromosome. These mutants stop division abruptly and grow as filaments at 42 C;
      when returned to 28 C, division resumes after about 30 min to produce short
      cells. The product of the gene defined by these mutations probably is required
      during all stages of septum formation rather than specifically for initiation of
      septation. Filaments that formed at 42 C contained incomplete constrictiions
      (septa). When actively dividing filaments (i.e., those incubated at 28 C until
      division resumed) were shifted to 42 C a second time, division again stopped
      abruptly and incomplete constrictions persisted during the incubation at 42 C.
      Filaments that were subjected to 28 C incubation for a brief time (10, 20, or 30
      min) before being shifted again to 42 C did not resume division as would be
      expected of a strain defective in initiating septation. Mutations ts 1882 and
      ts2158 and recessive to the ts+ allele, which is consistent with the
      interpretation that these mutations cause the loss of a function. They did not
      complement each other and presumably represent one cistron. Mutants carrying
      ts1882 and ts2158 mutations were compared with a mutant defective in the ftA
      allele, also known to map near leu.

PMID- 1097424
TI  - Discontinuous replication of colicin E1 plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - The plasmid pML 21, which was found to contain approximately 49% of the Col E1
      genome was used to determine the template origin of single-stranded
      deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragments (4 to 32% of the Col E1 units length)
      associated with Col E1 dna replicative intermediates. The results of DNA
      hybridization competition experiments indicate that the single-stranded fragments
      derive from the full length of the Col E1 DNA template as expected for Okazaki
      fragments and the plasmid pML 21 contains the replication origin of Col E1 DNA.

PMID- 1097425
TI  - Unusual sensitivity of Escherichia coli to adenine or adenine plus histidine.
AB  - The W3110 strain of Escherichia coli K-12 is unusually sensitive to adenine.
      Inhibition of growth is relieved by a combination of thiamine and uridine (or
      cytidine). In the presence of histidine, inhibition is more severe and is
      relieved by a combination of thiamine, glycine, uridine (or cytidine), and
      inosine (or guanosine).

PMID- 1097426
TI  - Strain-specific difference that affects the inhibition of division of Escherichia
      coli filaments by chloramphenicol.
AB  - The Escherichia coli mutations ts1882 and ts2158 cause temperature-sensitive
      septum formation and result in growth of cells as long, multinucleate, nonseptate
      filaments at 42 C. When filaments are transferred to 28 C, they divide into short
      cells. Chloramphenicol, when added to cultures of filaments at the time of
      temperature reduction. Inhibited division of filaments when these temperature
      sensitive mutations were present in the K-12 strain AB1157. However, when the
      ts1882 and ts2158 mutations were present in another k-12 strain, UTH4113,
      filaments of these strains divided in the presence of chloramphenicol.

PMID- 1097427
TI  - Amino-terminal sequences of indoleglycerol phosphate synthetase of Escherichia
      coli and Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The partial sequences of the first 40 residues of indoleglycerol phosphate
      synthetase of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium were determined, and
      three amino acid differences were observed among the 38 residues compared.

PMID- 1097428
TI  - Analysis of bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid sequences methylated by host- and
      R-factor-controlled enzymes.
AB  - Phages lambda and fd were propagated in Escherichia coli strains that have either
      host K-12 or the N-3 R-factor deoxyribonucleic acid-cytosine methylase activity.
      Pyrimidine tracts containing 3H-labeled 5-methylcytosine (MeC) were analyzed; in
      all cases, the major methylated sequence was 5' ... C-MeC-T ... 3'.

PMID- 1097429
TI  - Effect of tsl mutations on Col E1 expression in a recA strain of Escherichia coli
      K-12.
AB  - Spontaneous colicin production by Col E1 in a recA- strain of Escherichia coli K
      12 is restored nearly to wild-type levels by the presence of tsl- second site
      mutation.

PMID- 1097430
TI  - Hybridization of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
AB  - 1. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases [EC 1.2.1.12] from rabbit, pig,
      lobster, yeast, E. coli, and B. stearothermophilus have been subjected to
      hybridization in 3M NaCL. 2. Suitable mixtures of electrophoretically distinct
      glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases were found to give five-membered by
      electrophoresis on cellulose acetate. 3. The thermophile enzyme did not form
      hybrids with any of its mesophile counterparts, presumably because it does not
      dissociate under the conditions used. 4. Hybridization of pig enzyme with lobster
      enzyme that had been inactivated by selective carboxymethylation of Cystetramer
      containing only one active pig enzyme subunit. Individual subunits would thus
      appear to express their activity independently even within hybrid tetramers
      formed with subunits of another species. 5. The successful hybridization of
      glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases from evolutionarily distant sources
      suggests that the tertiary and quaternary structures of the enzyme have been
      highly conserved.

PMID- 1097431
TI  - Preferential production of IgG2 anti-hapten antibody by immunization with hapten
      conjugated Escherichia coli.
AB  - It is well-known that immunization of guinea pigs with hapten-protein conjugates
      induces concomitant production of IgG1 and IgG2 anti-hapten antibodies.  However,
      the synthesis of antibody to 2, 4-dinitrophenyl groups (DNP) was found to be
      restricted to one of the IgG antibodies (IgG2 antibody) when guinea pigs were
      immunized through repeated intraperitoneal injections of 0.1 mg of 2, 4
      dinitrophenylated Escherichia coli (DNP-E coli).  This selective induction of
      IgG2 anti-DNP antibody formation occurred both in the presence and absence of
      Freund's adjuvants, whereas a trace of IgG1 anti-DNP antibody was produced
      concomitantly on increasing the immunizing dose of DNP-E. coli (3.0 mg) in
      Freund's complete adjuvant (FAC).

PMID- 1097432
TI  - Binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes promoted by elongation factor Tu.  Studies
      on the role of GTP hydrolysis.
AB  - The role of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) in the elongation factor Tu(EF
      Tu)promoted binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes has been investigated.  In the
      presence of EF-Tu and GTP, phenylalanyl-tRNA (Phe-tRNA) was bound to the A site
      of the poly(U).ribosome complex having N-acetylphenylalanyl-tRNA on its P site. 
      EF-Tu could be utilized repeatedly in this binding reaction in the presence of
      GTP but was used only once and remained bound to ribosomes when GTP was replaced
      by 5'guanylyl methylenediphosphonate (Gpp(CH2)p), a nonhydrolyzable analog of
      GTP.  The binylalanyl-tRNA, while little dipeptide was formed in the latter case.
      However, when EF-Tu and Gpp(CH2)p bound to the ribosomal complex were released
      by centrifugation through 10% sucrose containing 0.2 mM GDP, the yield of the
      dipeptide was correspondingly increased.  It was concluded that the role of GTP
      in  this reaction is to facilitate the transfer of Phe-tRNA to ribosomes by
      virtue of the high affinity of EF-Tu.GTP for ribosomes.  The subsequent
      conversion of EF-Tu.GTP to EF-Tu.GDP, a form of EF-Tu with low affinity for
      ribosomes as well as for Phe-tRNA, resulted in the detachment of EF-Tu.  Thus,
      the hydrolysis of GTP seems to be required for the release of EF-Tu from
      ribosomes, which is necessary for peptidyl transfer and the reutilization of EF
      Tu.  A freely reversible interaction between ribosome and Phe-tRNA.EF
      Tu.Gpp(CH2)p complex was also demonstrated.

PMID- 1097433
TI  - Effects on ribosomes of the substitution of spermidine or divalent cations for
      magnesium ions.
AB  - The inactivation of rat liver ribosomes (polysomes) resulting from the
      replacement of bound magnesium by spermidine has been studied using a dialysis
      method. Inactivation of the ribosomes (polysomes) occurred when more than 40% of
      the Mg2+ originally bound to ribosomes in the presence of 2 mM Mg2+ was replaced
      by spermidine. The polypeptide-synthesizing activity of polysomes was retained
      partially when Mg2+ was replaced by Mn2+ by dialysis. E. coli 30S ribosomal
      subunits were more resistant to inactivation due to the replacement of Mg2+ by
      spermidine than the 50S subunits.

PMID- 1097434
TI  - The involvement of guanosine 5-diphosphate-3-diphosphate in the regulation of
      phospholipid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. Lack of ppGpp inhibition of
      acyltransfer from acyl-ACP to sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.
AB  - The response of the Escherichia coli sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase to
      guanosine 5-diphosphate-3-diphosphate (ppGpp) has been determined in vitro
      employing palmityl coenzyme A (CoA) and palmityl acyl carrier protein as acyl
      substrates. Levels of ppGpp which cause significant inhibition of enzyme activity
      with palmityl-CoA as substrate have no effect on enzyme activity when palmityl
      acyl carrier protein is employed as acyl donor. The inhibition of enzyme activity
      observed with palmityl-CoA as acyl substrate was dependent upon the relative
      concentrations of MgCl2 and ppGpp (MgCl2 to ppGpp ratio) employed. With palmityl
      CoA as acyl donor, PPGpp inhibited the production of lysophosphatidic acid but
      not phosphatidic acid. With palmityl acyl carrier protein as acyl substrate,
      ppGpp had no influence upon the distribution of the reaction products.

PMID- 1097435
TI  - The structure of the mutant dihydrofolate reductase from Streptococcus faecium.
      Amino acid sequence of peptide CNBr 7 and complete sequence of the protein.
AB  - The complete amino acid sequence of the mutant dihydrofolate reductase from
      Streptococcus faecium var. Durans strain A has been determined by sequence
      analysis of peptides produced by tryptic, chymotryptic, thermolytic, and mild
      acid cleavage of the large peptide CNBr 7 and from previously reported studies.
      The sequence of the S. faecium enzyme is compared to the reported sequence of
      dihydrofolate reductase from Escherichia coli and the two are shown to contain
      two domains of substantial homology. One of these domains consists of the NH2
      terminal 60 residues and is considered to contribute the dihydrofolate binding
      site. The second domain probably contains the dinucleotide binding structure.
      Comparison of the sequences of the dihydrofolate reductases with those of larger
      dehydrogenases of known structure failed to show any evidence for homology.
      Considerations of size and predictions of secondary structure also suggest that
      the second domain in the reductases has no structural similarity to the
      nucleotide binding site in the larger dehydrogenases. It is concluded that the
      two reductases are related, although distantly, but that they have evolved from
      an ancestral protein different from the primitive predecessor of the other
      oxidoreductases.

PMID- 1097436
TI  - Primary structure of porcine pepsin. I. Purification and placement of cyanogen
      bromide fragments and the amino acid sequence of fragment CB5.
AB  - Fragments resulting from the cyanogen bromide cleavage of reduced and
      aminoethylated porcine pepsin were purified. Only four of the five fragments
      theoretically present could be accounted for in major yield when the cyanogen
      bromide reaction was carried out at room temperature. The NH2-terminal fragment,
      CB2, contained an internal homoserine which was not cleaved to any significant
      extent. The amino acid sequence around this internal homoserine was determined by
      isolating and partially determining the sequence of an alpha-chymotryptic
      peptide. Cleavage at this methionine was increased by 50% when the cyanogen
      bromide reaction was carried out at 37 degrees. The NH2- and COOH-terminal
      sequences of five major fragments were determined. The placement of these
      fragments in the native pepsin molecule was demonstrated. The amino acid sequence
      of one of the fragments, CB5, was determined. This fragment contains 44 residues
      with an internal disulfide bridge. The COOH-terminal methionine of this fragment
      was connected to another 37-residue cyanogen bromide fragment of known sequence.
      Together these two fragments formed the COOH-terminal 81 residues of porcine
      pepsin.

PMID- 1097437
TI  - Primary structure of porcine pepsin. II. Amino acid sequence of two cyanogen
      bromide fragments, CB3 and CB4.
AB  - The amino acid sequences of two cyanogen bromide fragments from porcine pepsin
      have been determined. Fragment CB3 which represents the NH2-terminal 80 residues
      of pepsin was assembled from the peptides purified from proteolytic digests of
      this fragment using alpha-chymotrypsin, thermolysin, and staphylococcal protease.
      Two chymotryptic peptides were isolated from the NH2-terminal region of this
      fragment. One of these contains 2 extra residues, Ala-Leu-, at the NH2 terminus.
      This peptide is apparently derived from a different cleavage site of pepsinogen
      in its conversion to pepsin. The second cyanogen bromide fragment, CB4, contains
      47 residues. The sequence was established from the peptides resulting from
      proteolytic digests using alpha-chymotrypsin, alpha-lytic protease, and
      thermolysin. An isoleucyl residue at position 29 of fragment CB4 appears to be
      absent in some molecules. This represents a structural variant of pepsin.

PMID- 1097438
TI  - Primary structure of porcine pepsin. III. Amino acid sequence of a cyanogen
      bromide fragment, CB2A, and the complete structure of porcine pepsin.
AB  - The complete amino acid sequence of porcine pepsin (EC 3.4.4.1) was constructed
      from the sequence of five cyanogen bromide fragments. The sequence of one of
      these fragments, CB2A, is reported here. The sequences of 4 other fragments are
      known from previous work. Porcine pepsin contains 327 residues with three
      structural variants. The active center aspartyl residue, which reacts with 1,2
      epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane (Chen, K. C. S., and Tang, J. (1972) J. Biol.
      Chem. 247, 2566-2574), is located at residue 32. Another active site aspartyl
      residue, which reacts with diazo inactivators (Bayliss, R. S., Knowles, J. B.,
      and Wybrandt, G. B. (1969) Biochem. J. 113, 377-386, IS LOCATED AT RESIDUE 215.
      The sequences around these 2 aspartyl residues are apparently homologous to each
      other. The sequences around the tryptophanyl residues at positions 39, 141, 181,
      and 300 are also homologous to one another. These homologous sequences could be
      genetic in origin. Fragment CB2A which contains 119 residues was constructed from
      the peptide sequences resulting from six proteolytic digestions and chemical
      cleavage at tryptophanyl bonds.

PMID- 1097439
TI  - Effects of estrogen on gene expression in the chick oviduct. IV. Initiation of
      RNA synthesis on DNA and chromatin.
AB  - The interaction of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (ribonucleoside
      triphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6.) with chick oviduct DNA and
      chromatin has been studied in order to quantify the RNA polymerase binding sites
      and rifampicin-resistant initiation sites. The number of high affinity binding
      sites at saturation was calculated from the number of molecules of enzyme bound
      to DNA or to chromatin. The number of rifampicin-resistant initiation sites was
      calculated from the total quantity and the number average chain length of RNA
      synthesized under the conditions in which only RNA polymerase already in a stable
      preinitiation complex could avoid inhibition by the drug. Using an assessment of
      the temperature requirement for the information of this preinitiation complex, we
      were able to differentiate initiations at single-stranded or nicked DNA regions
      from initiations at double-stranded DNA regions. This method enabled us to rule
      out the possibility that RNA chain initiation on chromatin was due to initiation
      at nicked or end regions of DNA. In addition, we also demonstrated that not all
      RNA polymerase molecules bound to DNA or chromatin are located at a site at which
      RNA chain initiation can immediately begin. This methodological approach should
      allow investigators to monitor the individual reactions and factors involved in
      in vitro transcription of eukaryotic DNA and chromatin.

PMID- 1097440
TI  - Effect of estrogen on gene expression in the chick oviduct. V. Changes in the
      number of RNA polymerase binding and initiation sites in chromatin.
AB  - Estrogen administration to chicks results in an increase in the chromatin
      template activity of oviduct target tissue as assayed under standard in vitro
      assay conditions. However, the results obtained by the simple measurement of
      template activity may be a complicated function of the number of available RNA
      polymerase initiation sites, the rate of RNA chain elongation, and the rate of
      reinitiation. In the present study, we have measured separately the change in
      both the number of chain initiations as well as the rate of RNA chain propagation
      under conditions in which reinitiation was eliminated. Chromatin prepared from
      either estrogen-treated or control oviducts both supported an RNA chain
      elongation rate of six nucleotides per s and a chain size of approximately 700
      nucleotides. Thus, both the elongation rate and size of the average product
      remained relatively constant following estrogen stimulation. In contrast, within
      8 hours after a single injection of estrogen to unstimulated chicks, the
      concentration of RNA polymerase needed to saturate chromatin binding sites was
      increased to 150% in comparison to control values, and by 24 hours the level of
      polymerase bound to chromatin was twice that of the untreated control chick
      chromatin. With daily injections of estrogen, polymerase binding continued to
      rise. Coincident with the over-all increase in chromatin-bound polymerase was an
      increase in rifampicin-insensitive initiation sites and newly synthesized RNA
      chains. Unstimulated chick oviduct chromatin initiated 10,000 RNA chains/pg of
      DNA, while 24 hours of steroid treatment increased the number of initiated chains
      to 34,000 chains. These data demonstrate that the estrogen-induced increase in
      chromatin transcriptive activity was due to an increased number of polymerase
      binding and initiation sites on the chromatin template without a detectable
      change in the rate of RNA chain elongation.

PMID- 1097441
TI  - The amino acid sequence of the insulin from a primitive vertebrate, the atlantic
      hagfish (Myxine glutinosa).
AB  - Insulin has been isolated and purified from the islet organs of the cyclostome,
      Myxine glutinosa, by means of acid-ethanol extraction, fractional precipitation,
      and gel filtration. The complete amino acid sequence of the hormone has been
      determined by Edman degradation of the S-carboxymethylated or performic acid
      oxidized A and B chains, and of various tryptic peptides derived from the chains.
      The 52-residue hagfish insulin has many structural features in common with other
      vertebrate insulins including the locations of the 6 half-cystine residues, the
      NH2-terminal 7 residues and the COOH-terminal 6 residues of the A chain, and
      several shorter sequences in the B chain that are known to comprise the dimer
      interface in porcine insulin crystals. Of the 24 residues which are invariant
      among the other known insulins, 23 are identical in hagfish int 16 of these sites
      it contains residues not previously observed in vertebrate insulins. The B chain
      also contains an additional COOH-terminal residue of methionine, making it 1
      residue longer than the usual 30-residue mammalian B chains. Several features of
      the tertiary and quaternary structure of hagfish insulin, including the probable
      absence of a metal ion-stabilized hexameric form, are discussed on the basis of
      these findings. The results suggest that the conformation of the insulin molecule
      has been well conserved throughout the entire evolution of the vertebrates.

PMID- 1097442
TI  - Initiation of protein synthesis. Binding of messenger RNA.
AB  - Complexes between 30 S ribosomal subunits and fMet-tRNA are formed during
      incubation of 30 S subunits with fMet-tRNA and all other components for
      initiation of protein synthesis, except R17 bacteriophage RNA. That these
      complexes serve as intermediates in the binding of messenger RNA is demonstrated
      directly by the finding that upon addition of R17 RNA, fMet-tRNA in preformed
      fMet-RNA-30 S complexes preferentially enters fMet-tRNA-30 S-R17 RNA complexes.
      On the other hand, incubation of 30 S ribosomal subunits with R17 RNA and all
      other components for initiation except fMet-tRNA does not yield 30 S-R17 RNA
      complexes that can act subsequently as functional intermediates in the binding of
      fMet-tRNA: formation of fMet-tRNA-30 S-R17 RNA complexes does not occur when fMet
      tRNA is added and further binding of R17 RNA to 30 S subunits is prevented by
      specific inhibitors. These experiments lead to an unambiguous order of events in
      the sequence of initiation, in which binding of fMet-tRNA to the small ribosomal
      subunit must occur before messenger RNA can be bound and phased correctly.
      Complexes between fMet-tRNA and 60 S subunits are in rapid equilibrium with the
      free components, and have a half-life of less than 2 min at 37 degrees. This
      explains why such complexes are not detected in sucrose gradients, unless they
      are first fixed with glutaraldehyde. Attachment of R17 RNA, however, results in
      formation of an fMet-tRNA-30 S-R17 RNA complex that is stabilized greatly; fMet
      tRNA in this complex exchanges only very slowly with free fMet-tRNA. Initiation
      factor IF-3 has two functions in initiation. The first is to direct the binding
      of messenger RNA to the 30 S-fMet-tRNA complex. This function is not needed when
      initiation complex formation occurs on ApUpG triplets, in which case the second
      function of IF-3 is detected, that of providing free 30 S subunits for
      initiation. The ability of IF-3 to bind directly to R17 RNA may be related to its
      requirement in messenger RNA recognition. However, since IF-3 exhibits a greater
      affinity for the 30 S subunit than for R17 RNA, it appears that the recognition
      function of IF-3 is expressed while IF-3 is associated with the 30 S subunit.

PMID- 1097443
TI  - Translational repression of a viral messenger RNA by a host protein.
AB  - It is shown that factor i, a bacterial protein, specifically inhibits that step
      in the initiation of R17 bacteriophage RNA translation that involves the
      attachment of native R17 RNA to 30 S ribosomal subunits carrying fMet-tRNA. This
      inhibition by factor i is relieved by the addition of excess R17 RNA, but not by
      the addition of excess 30 S subunits. That R17 RNA is the only target of the
      inhibition is demonstrated further by the fact that in a cell-free extract
      containing all components for protein synthesis, factor i-mediated inhibition of
      exogenous R17 RNA translation can be overcome only by the addition of excess R17
      RNA and not by excess cell-free extract. Upon relief of inhibition, phage coat
      protein synthesis is restored; enhancement of formation of other cistron products
      is not seen. While initiation of R17 RNA translation is blocked by factor i,
      chain elongation is not affected. Although foactor i inhibits the IF-3-dependent
      binding of R17 RNA to fMet-tRNA-30 S complexes, under conditions of initiation of
      protein synthesis formation of stable complexes between factor i and IF-3 could
      not be detected, and factor i did not interfere with the binding of IF-3 to free,
      native R17 RNA. Instead of affecting the function of IF-3 or ribosomes, factor i
      exerts its inhibition by binding to R17 RNA and acting as a translational
      repressor. Factor i prefers intact R17 RNA to fragments generated by
      autoradiolysis; its binding to R17 RNA is specific in that little competition is
      observed by transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA or poly(A). However, factor i has a high
      affinity for poly(U) sequences.

PMID- 1097444
TI  - Regulation of membrane lipid synthesis in Escherichia coli. Accumulation of free
      fatty acids of abnormal length during inhibition of phospholipid synthesis.
AB  - Glycerol starvation of an Escherichia coli glycerol auxotroph results in a
      specific inhibition of membrane phospholipid synthesis. Mindich ((1972) J.
      Bacteriol. 110, 96-102) observed only a trace accumulation of free fatty acid
      following glycerol deprivation. We have repeated these experiments using glycerol
      auxotrophs which also possess a lesion in beta oxidation. This defect was
      introduced in order to control fatty acid degradation. In contrast to the
      previous results, we find free fatty acid does accumulate during glycerol
      starvation. Similar results were found using beta oxidation-defective (fadE-)
      derivatives of both gpsA and plsB glycerol auxotrophs. Upon glycerol starvation
      of a plsB- fadE- strain, phospholipid synthesis is 90 percent inhibited.
      Following a lag of 20 to 40 min, free fatty acid synthesis begins and proceeds at
      a rate that steadily increases until the rate of fatty acid synthesis is equal to
      that found in glycerol-supplemented cultures. The accumulation of free fatty acid
      is the result of de novo synthesis.  The average chain length of the fatty acid
      in the unesterified fraction is abnormally long. Two 20-carbon fatty acids, cis
      13-eicosenoic acid and arachidic acid, are found in this frction. Furthermore, a
      greatly increased level of stearic acid and a small amount of a C-22 (behenic)
      acid are found in the free fatty acid fraction. These data indicate that acyl
      transfer into phospholipid is a major determinant of phospholipid acyl moiety
      chain length. Other experiments have shown that the free fatty acid fraction in
      glycerol-starved cells is metabolically active. This fraction turns over despite
      the defective beta oxidation system. Restoration of glycerol to starved cells
      allows the incorporation of the unesterified fatty acids into phospholipid.

PMID- 1097445
TI  - Ten proteins required for conversion of phiX174 single-stranded DNA to duplex
      form in vitro. Resolution and reconstitution.
AB  - Protein requirements for conversion of phiX174 single-stranded DNA to a double
      stranded replicative form with a small gap (RF II) have been determined by
      resolution and reconstitution of the multienzyme system from extracts of gently
      lysed Escherichia coli. Assays depended on: (a) complementation of extracts of
      thermosensitive mutants and (b) fractionation of extracts of wild type cells to
      divide essential components into groups, each of which was further resolved.
      These procedures have yielded eight proteins: dnaB protein, dnaC protein,
      proteins i and n (two novel proteins without a defined genetic locus), dnaG
      protein, DNA polymerase III holoenzyme (polymerase III and copolymerase III), and
      DNA unwinding protein; purification procedures for the first four are presented
      here. (Closure of RF 22 requires as with phage M13, DNA polymerase I and ligase.)

PMID- 1097446
TI  - dnaG gene product, a rifampicin-resistant RNA polymerase, initiates the
      conversion of a single-stranded coliphage DNA to its duplex replicative form.
AB  - The protein responsible for the initiation of conversion of single-stranded phage
      G4 DNA to the duplex replicative form has been purified approximately 3000-fold
      and identified with Escherichia coli dnaG gene product. The protein is a
      rifampicin-resistant RNA polymerase of approximately 64,000 daltons. It catalyzes
      the incorporation of the four ribonucleoside triphosphates into an
      oligoribonucleotide, using as template the single-stranded DNA coated with the
      DNA unwinding protein of E. coli. An RNA transcript of a unique region of the
      chromosome can serve as a primer by covalent extension by DNA polymerase III
      holoenzyme to form a nearly full-length linear complementary strand. A similar
      role for the dnaG protein in the initiation of nascent (Okazaki) fragments in
      replication of the host chromosome is discussed.

PMID- 1097447
TI  - Evaluation of the thermal dilution technique for the measurement of steady and
      pulsatile flows.

PMID- 1097448
TI  - Myelodysplastics--fate of those followed for twenty years or more.
AB  - Of a total of 143 myelodysplastic patients treated between 1928 and 1951, there
      were sixty-three patients with severe myelodysplasia whose records allowed long
      term review. At the time of writing twenty-nine were alive and were twenty to
      forty-three years old. All were walking in the hospital while under an intensive
      physical therapy program. However only two of the nine with twelfth thoracic
      second lumbar function were walking at final follow-up as adults, while nineteen
      of the twenty with function at the third lumbar level were doing so. The status
      of the hips did not correlate with the ability to walk. One-third of the
      survivors were self-supporting at the time of writing. About one-half had
      scoliosis and in one-third was greater than 20 degrees.

PMID- 1097449
TI  - An urological complication of Dwyer instrumentation.

PMID- 1097450
TI  - Tibiofibular cross-peg grafting.

PMID- 1097451
TI  - CDA directory.

PMID- 1097452
TI  - Tolerance and resistance of myocardium to anoxia: experimental studies.
AB  - We shall emphasize the notion of wide variability in the tolerance and resistance
      to anoxia of the myocardium, although the most important parameters are
      temperature and time. They can be modified widely by accompanying physical or
      biochemical conditions: --Cardiac distension and drugs inducing cardiac arrest; -
      Resuscitative perfusion; --The effect of some biochemical components is more
      likely explained by their possible action on the mitochondriae (glyoxilic acid
      Isoproterenol). The study of the mitochondriae alone can explain the different
      behaviours of hearts subjected to anoxia in various situations.

PMID- 1097453
TI  - Intraoesophageal rupture of a thoracic aortic aneurysm.
AB  - The intraoesophageal rupture of a large thoracic aortic aneurysm is reported in a
      49 year old man. He had been hypertensive for some years while the aneurysm
      increased in size. Although a graft was successfully inserted to repair the leak,
      infection from the oesophagus with candida albicans, subsequently led to
      secondary haemorrhage and death 17 days later. A plea is made for the earlier
      referral of patients with aneurysm prior to rupture, as the operative mortality
      rises markedly after rupture has occurred and in this case the situation was
      virtually irreparable.

PMID- 1097454
TI  - The use of flow microbluorimetry in the analysis of the phenotype expression of
      mouse histocompatibility antigens.
AB  - Quantitation of the expression of cell surface antigens has hitherto been limited
      to analysis by either cytotoxicity tests or radioimmune assays (5, 15). We report
      here the use of a new methodology to analyze and quantitate the expression of
      mouse histocompabililty antigens (H-2 locus) in hybrid clones and parental cell
      types. The binding of fluorescein-tagged antibody is measured on a cell-to-cell
      basis in large viable cell populations using flow microfluorimetric techniques.
      These techniques have been used to measure hapten and immunoglobulin binding to
      lymphocyte populations (8, 9, 14). However, this is the first report in which
      these techniques have been used to examine the expression of the H-2 locus. The
      advantage of this approach is twofold: first, a large and statistically
      significant sample population may be analyzed one cell at a time, thus revealing
      the fine detail of heterogeneity in the expression of the cell surface markers
      within a population. Second, as has been demonstrated for analysis of specific
      components of the immune system, this method does permit fluorescence-activated
      sorting of cell types according to their different surface populations (8, 9,
      14).

PMID- 1097456
TI  - Computer-assisted instruction in organic synthesis.

PMID- 1097455
TI  - Fine structure of an organelle associated with the nucleus and cytoplasmic
      microtubules in the cellular slime mould Polysphondylium violaceum.
AB  - Polysphondylium violaceum was grown in association with Escherichia coli.
      Vegetative amoebae and pseudoplasmodia were fixed under different conditions and
      processed for electron microscopy. An electron-opaque body (nucleus-associated
      body, NAB) lies in the cytoplasm near the tapered end of interphase nuclei. The
      NAB consists of a disk-shaped, multilayered core, approximately 200 nm in
      diameter and 150 nm thick, embedded in a granular matrix from which electron
      opaque nodules protrude. The nodules are termination points of microtubules
      radiating from the NAB into the cytoplasm or running along the nucleus. On the
      average there are 16 nodules per NAB. One or two microtubules terminate in each
      nodule. Spindle pole bodies, arising by duplication of the NAB at the beginning
      of mitosis, are unstructured foci for spindle microtubules in mitotic cells. It
      is suggested that cytoplasmic microtubules do not determine cell shape, but they
      probably cause the tapering deformation of the nucleus. They may, furthermore,
      represent a storage form of subunits for utilization during the formation of the
      mitotic spindle. The nodules of the NAB are potential nucleation sites of
      cytoplasmic microtubules during interphase. Spindle pole bodies presumably
      acquire a microtubule organizing capability by integration of the decondensed
      nodules.

PMID- 1097458
TI  - Fractionation of RNA on a metal ion-equilibrated cation exchanger. IV.
      Chromatographic profiles of RNA: tissue and source variation.

PMID- 1097457
TI  - Chromatography of acid proteinases and chymotrypsin on a sorbent containing 2,4
      dinitrophenyl residues.
AB  - A sorbent obtained by treatment of cyanogen bromide-activated Sepharose 4B with
      mono-N-DNP-hexamethylenediamine has been shown to be effective in the affinity
      chromatography of pepsin, pepsinogen and acid proteinase from Aspergillus
      awamori. It is considered that 2,4-dinitrophenyl residues of the sorbent interact
      specifically with the hydrophobic zone of the enzyme, which may belong to the
      substrate binding site. The chromatography of chymotrypsin on the same sorbent
      supports this assumption.

PMID- 1097459
TI  - Qualitative and quantitative thin-layer chromatography of mycolic acids in
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis-BCG.

PMID- 1097460
TI  - Improved bioautographic procedure for the detection of thiamine pyrophosphate or
      its pyrimidine precursors.

PMID- 1097461
TI  - LH and FSH response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in anorexia nervosa: Effect
      of nutritional rehabilitation.
AB  - The LH and FSH responses to the administration of synthetic gonadotropin
      releasing hormone (GnRH) were assessed in 14 patients with anorexia nervosa
      before, during and following weight gain. In 8 patients studied prior to therapy
      when they were at 53-64% of idal body weight, the LH response to GnRH was
      strikingly impaired while the FSH response was equal to that observed in normally
      menstruating women. After return to 79-88% of ideal body weight the LH response
      was improved but remained less than in the normal women. In a second group of 6
      patients who were studied 4-11 months after hospital discharge when they were 90
      94% of ideal body weight, the LH response was always equal to or greater than
      that found in the normal women. The serum estradiol concentration was low in all
      of the patients and remained less than 33 pg/ml even in those who returned to
      more than 90% of ideal body weight. Treatment with 25 mug of ethinyl estradiol
      for 3 days prior to repeat administration of GnRH did not result in a
      statistically significant increase of the LH or FSH responses above those before
      treatment. These data suggest changes occur in both hypothalamic and pituitary
      regulation of gonadotropin secretion in the course of nutritional rehabilitation
      of patients with anorexia nervosa and that synthesis and secretion of LH and FSH
      are modulated independently at the level of the pituitary gland.

PMID- 1097462
TI  - Effect of synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in a patient with the
      "fertile eunuch" syndrome.
AB  - A patient with isolated LH deficiency ("fertile eunuch" syndrome) was given
      synthetic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) by a single intravenous injection
      and serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH),
      testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were measured. A significant rise in both
      gonadotropins was found after GnRH and the increase was similar to that reported
      for normal men. No significant change was noted in the serum androgen levels. The
      patient was re-tested with another single intravenous injection after a 6-h
      infusion of GnRH two days later. The rise in serum Fsh and LH levels during the
      infusion was greater than with the initial bolus. A further increase in LH but
      not FSH concentration was noted when a 150 mug bolus was given at the end of the
      infusion. Acute (4 day) treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
      resulted in an increase in the serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels
      to those observed in normal adult males. The "fertile eunuch" syndrome thus
      appears to be a hypothalamic disorder. It is consistent with the concept of more
      than one hypothalamic factor controlling gonadotropin secretion. Other
      possibilities would be deficient or defective production of a releasing factor
      affecting one or both gonadotropins. The lack of a definite response of serum
      androgens to GnRH would appear to be secondary to a decreased number of
      differentiated Leyding cells.

PMID- 1097463
TI  - The role of estrogen in the modulation of pituitary sensitivity of LRF
      (luteinizing hormone-releasing factor) in men.
AB  - The role of estradiol in modulating pituitary gonadotropin release in the human
      male was studied by evaluating the effects of clomiphene on the pituitary
      gonadotropin response to synthetic LRF (150 mug) in 6 eugonadal men.
      Administration of clomiphene (100 mg single daily dose time 5 days) induced a
      significant elevation of the basal levels of LH, FSH, estradiol and testosterone.
      However, the pituitary release of LH and FSH in response to LRF was markedly
      diminished by the clomiphene treatment. This finding suggests that in men, as in
      women, endogenous estradiol provides feedback regulation of gonadotropin output
      by the pituitary.

PMID- 1097464
TI  - A combined orthodontic and surgical procedure for rapid palatal expansion in
      skeletally mature patients.

PMID- 1097466
TI  - Uprighting second molars with direct bonding.

PMID- 1097465
TI  - A report on a major improvement in the indirect bonding technique.

PMID- 1097467
TI  - Pressure tension, and force of closure of the human lower esophageal sphincter
      and esophagus.
AB  - The mechanical characteristics of the circular muscle of the human lower
      esophageal sphincter and esophagus were studied in subjects with competent and
      incompetent sphincters. Pressure-diameter curves were constructed by producing
      various degrees of circumferential stretch with pressure-measuring probes of
      increasing diameter. The circumferential membrane tension (force of closure) and
      the circumferential stress (muscle tension) of the circular muscle layer were
      also calculated from these data. The pressure-diameter curves of competent and
      incompetent sphincters were different in magnitude and shape. Incompetent
      sphincters had lower pressures at all diameters, with pressure gradually
      increasing with larger probe diameter. In contrast for competent sphincters the
      pressure was highest near closure, with an initial decline and then an increase
      in pressure with increasing probe diameter. Both shape and magnitude of pressure
      diameter curves of competent and incompetent sphincters were interchangeable when
      manipulated by pharmacologic agents. Urecholine increased the pressures and
      changed the incompetent pressure-diameter curve to the levels of the competent
      sphincter; conversely. Pro-Banthine decreased pressures and changed the shape of
      the competent pressure-diameter curve to the levels of the incompetent sphincter.
      Force of closure and circular muscle tension curves of competent and incompetent
      sphincters were similar in shape but were higher at all diameters for competent
      sphincters. Force of closure and circular muscle tension increased with larger
      probe diameter. However, the diameter of optimal tension development was larger
      than the largest probe used and certainly far from closure. Fundoplication
      increased the magnitude and changed the shape of the incompetent pressure
      diameter curve to one similar to a competent curve. This pressure change was
      associated with an increase in the force of closure, suggesting that
      fundopliation modified the length-force of closure characteristics of the
      incompetent spincter.

PMID- 1097468
TI  - Serological diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis.
AB  - A comparison of the indirect haemagglutination test (IHAT) with the dye test (DT)
      in 23 infants with congenital toxoplasmosis showed that in the early part of the
      first year of life the IHAT titres were nearly all lower than the DT titres. In
      six cases the IHAT was negative or the titre was so low that the cases could have
      been missed in routine screening. Later in the first year the IHAT titres became
      higher than the DT and remained so. The infants belonging to mothers with a high
      IHAT and therefore assumed to have become infected early in pregnancy had severe
      infections which included all the cases of hydrocephalus. Infants of mothers with
      low IHAT titres relative to the DT and therefore thought to have been infected
      later in pregnancy had generalized, mild or subclinical infection. With some
      difficulty a suitable commercial conjugated anti-IgM serum was found that gave
      positive results in immunofluorescent antibody tests for specific IgM antibody
      with all the infected infants and their mothers throughout the first year and
      negative results in uninfected infants and their mothers.

PMID- 1097469
TI  - Effects of delayed culture on semiquantitative urinary bacteriology results.
AB  - Urine specimens received in the laboratory were cultured at intervals of two
      hours on three successive occasions. During the intervening period the specimens
      were left at room temperature. After 24 hours' incubation counts were done, and
      it was observed that the significance of bacterial growth was not altered by
      delay in culture.

PMID- 1097471
TI  - Application of the Stomacher for rapid homogenization of sputum and the serial
      streak dilution method for quantitative culture.

PMID- 1097470
TI  - Effects of minocycline and tetracycline on the vaginal yeast flora.
AB  - Two groups of women with non-specific genital infection were treated for two
      weeks with tetracycline 250 mg six-hourly and minocycline 100 mg twice daily
      respectively. Cultures for yeasts were performed before treatment and at the end
      of the first and second weeks. Before treatment yeasts, mostly Candida albicans,
      were recovered from 13% of the women. After one and two weeks' treatment yeasts
      were isolated from 22 and 29% of women treated with tetracycline, and from 19 and
      29% of women treated with minocycline. It is concluded that despite inhibition of
      the growth of yeasts shown by minocycline in vitro, there is no evidence of any
      significant difference between the actions of tetracycline and minocycline on the
      vaginal yeast flora.

PMID- 1097472
TI  - A study of immunoglobulin M antibody to measles, canine distemper, and rinderpest
      viruses in sera of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
AB  - Seven boys were studied who had the clinical features of subacute sclerosing
      panencephalitis (SSPE) and whose brain histology was consistent with SSPE.
      Measles antigen was detected in the seven brains by the direct fluorescent
      antibody method. Three out of the seven boys had in their sera measles specific
      immunoglobulin M (IgM) which was detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody
      method, and the cell receptors for it were acetone stable. A prozone effect was
      noted in the sera of two patients. The absorption of one patient's serum with
      Staphylococcus aureus to reduce the titre of immunoglobulin G (IgG) removed the
      prozone effect. Two of the boys who had high titres of measles specific IgM also
      had serum IgM which reacted with canine distemper virus antigen but the titres
      were eightfold lower. None of the boys had detectable rinderpest specific IgM in
      their sera.

PMID- 1097473
TI  - Interaction in vitro between synovial cells and autologous lymphocytes and sera
      from arthritis patients.
AB  - Synovial cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when grown in vitro
      in media supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum failed to show any difference in
      growth rate, life span, uptake of tritiated thymidine or cellular and nuclear
      characteristics when compared with synovial cells from patients with
      osteoarthritis or other joint diseases grown similarly in 20% serum enriched
      medium. There was also no evidence that lymphocytes and/or sera from RA patients
      were more cytotoxic to autologous synovial cells than sera and/or lymphocytes
      from OA patients. It is unlikely that antisynovial antibodies or lymphocytes from
      RA patients act as triggers for synovial damage.

PMID- 1097474
TI  - Use of a computer for producing microbiological reports and for data storage and
      processing.
AB  - A simple 'fail-safe' system is described that produces microbiology reports on a
      computer teleprinter and stores results on the magnetic tapes and discs of a
      computer for instant retrieval and epidemiological analysis. The system, which
      has been in operation for over a year, involves the use of a modified
      conventional NCR request form. The top portion, which is completed manually by
      the laboratory staff, is coded by writing numbers in hatched boxes. The data thus
      written on to the bottom portion are transcribed by punch operators on to paper
      tape and this data input is verified by double punching. The reports are normally
      produced automatically by the computer terminal telprinter, but in case of
      mechanical failure the manually completed request forms can be returned to wards
      and outpatient departments. The system permits a wide choice of options for
      epidemiological analysis, and six programmes are described, one of which produces
      a digest of  the overall percentage antibiotic sensitivities of organisms from
      various sites.

PMID- 1097475
TI  - Staining of the A antigen human erythrocytes.

PMID- 1097476
TI  - Study of adjuvant chemotherapy in osteogenic sarcoma.
AB  - Twelve patients with osteosarcoma but without metastases were treated with
      adjuvant chemotherapy following surgical amputation for the primary lesion. The
      chemotherapy regimen utilized vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide
      (in high pulse doses) administered intermittently over a 55-week period. Four of
      the 12 patients (33%) are surviving with no evidence of disease 54 months or
      longer from time of surgery. These results suggest that the 3-drug combination
      used in this study should be considered in the formulation of future multidrug
      adjuvant chemotherapy programs in the management of patients with osteosarcoma.

PMID- 1097477
TI  - Analgesic value of fenbufen in postoperative patients. A comparative oral
      analgesic study of fenbufen, aspirin, and placebo.

PMID- 1097478
TI  - Penfluridol: a long-acting oral neuroleptic. A controlled study.
AB  - The clinical promise of penfluridol as a long-acting oral antipsychotic
      medication has led to a number of controlled studies designed to verify its
      usefulness. These studies have been reviewed and compared with a controlled study
      carried out by the authors. The data obtained from this study have tended to
      confirm the impression of previous investigators that penfluridol, administered
      in a dosage of 40 to 80 mg on a once-a-week basis in a single dose, compares
      favorably with the antipsychotic activity of those neuroleptics requiring
      administration on a daily basis.

PMID- 1097479
TI  - Crossover clinical trial of benapryzine and trihexyphenidyl in Parkinsonian
      patients.
AB  - A crossover clinical trial of benapryzine and trihexyphenidyl in ten parkinsonian
      patients during a four-month study is described. The improvement from initial
      disability ranged from 29.5 to 64.4 per cent for benapryzine and from 27.2 to
      64.9 per cent for trihexyphenidyl. The effect of benapryzine and trihexyphenidyl
      on most parkinsonian symptoms did not differ significantly. Patients taking
      benapryzine had significantly fewer of the common side effects of trihexyphenidyl
      but more sialorrhea. It is uncertain whether benapryzine is superior to
      trihexylphenidyl in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 1097481
TI  - Implications of genetic variation in mouse brain structure for electrode
      placement by stereotaxic surgery.
AB  - The spatial locations of several forebrain and midbrain fibre tracts have been
      compared across seven commonly used inbred, hybrid and outbred mouse strains
      using a series of electrolytic lesions of known positions with respect to a
      stereotaxic instrument. Highly significant genetic variation was found in the
      position of lambda, bregma and several major fibre tracts with respect to
      interaural zero; in the locations of fibre tracts with respect to bregma; and in
      the location of fibre tracts with respect to each other. It was demonstrated that
      stereotaxic coordinates of a structure for one strain could not be used for other
      strains. Errors resulting from improper alignment of the head in the instrument
      and histological artifact were also determined. These errors showed no
      significant group differences, but they revealed that within-group variation was
      substantially affected by such imperfections.

PMID- 1097480
TI  - Effects of protriptyline and perphenazine in neurotic depressed outpatients.
AB  - A four-week comparison of protriptyline 10 mg three times a day and perphenazine
      2 mg three times a day, alone and in combination, and a placebo in a group of
      nonpsychotic depressed outpatients showed no significant differences among any of
      the treatment groups after both two and four weeks, and a slight trend in favor
      of the placebo group. A significant positive correlation was observed between
      changes in hostility and changes in depression, contrary to many commonly held
      assumptions regarding the relationship between hostility and depression.

PMID- 1097482
TI  - Palatal vault form and maxillary arch dimension in cerebral palsy children: a
      cross-sectional study.

PMID- 1097483
TI  - Burkitt's lymphoma: a problem in dental diagnosis.

PMID- 1097484
TI  - Loss of alveolar bone in the primary dentition: report of case.

PMID- 1097485
TI  - The telescoped complete denture.

PMID- 1097486
TI  - The temperature effect on fumigant descrption from cereal grain.

PMID- 1097487
TI  - Guidelines for diet counseling.
AB  - Members of the American Dietetic Association have shown an interest in having
      some procedural guidance in the process of dietary counseling. Such guidelines,
      prepared by a committee of the Diet Therapy Section, are presented. They include:
      a clarification of terminology; requirements for counseling in terms of
      knowledge, skills, and equipment; recommended procedural steps in counseling; and
      a supportive bibliography. While these guidelines are intended chiefly for
      dietitians in clinic and/or ambulatory care situations, the principles,
      philosophy, and general methodology should be basic to any educational situation,
      recognizing that circumstances can well present varying limitations.

PMID- 1097488
TI  - The pregnant adolescent. A review of nutritional research and programs.
AB  - Avialable nutritional research on pregnant adolescents shows that suboptimal food
      intake is common. Multiple social, psychologic, and economic problems may
      mitigate against attainment of adequate nutritional status. Use of supplements
      will raise the level of some nutrients, but in reported studies, their use by
      girls was erratic, and routine use is not favored by many practitioners. Results
      of nutritional counseling are mixed. Multidisciplinary programs, usually
      providing comprehensive prenatal care while enabling girls to continue their
      education, have been instituted in many areas, reflecting a changed attiude of
      school officials toward the pregnant adolescent. Most of these programs include
      the nutrition classes, counseling, or services valuable to mother and child;
      however, they do not reach all pregnant adolescents and are not a panacea
      guaranteeing adequate nutrition for them. More research and a national policy to
      provide optimal nutrition for all pregnant women, including the adolescent, are
      needed.

PMID- 1097489
TI  - Ibuprofen versus buffered phenylbutazone in the treatment of osteoarthritis:
      double-blind trial.
AB  - In a double-blind multiclinic trial, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent
      (ibuprofen) was compared with an established therapeutic agent (phenylbutazone
      alka) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Of the 159 patients from the 17
      contributing clinics, 144 completed the four weeks of therapy. More than 60 per
      cent of them reported improvement in exercise-related pain by week 4, and there
      was no significant difference between treatment groups. The patients' and the
      physicians' evaluations of the total state of disease, as well as range-of-motion
      and functional tests, demonstrated similar degrees of improvement in both
      treatment groups. The incidence of side effects was within acceptable limits, and
      the frequency distribution was similar in both groups. Of the 70 reported side
      effects, 29 were considered by the investigator (blind trial) to be drug-related
      11 in association with ibuprofen and 18 with phenylbutazone-alka. Hematologic and
      blood chemical studies, as well as urine and stool examinations, yielded normal
      results with the exception of a reduced mean value for serum uric acid and a
      slightly elevated mean value for SGPT in the phenylbutazone-alka group.

PMID- 1097490
TI  - Effects of a procaine preparation (Gerovital H3) in hospitalized geriatric
      patients: a double-blind study.
AB  - The effects of Gerovital H3 (a specially stabilized form of procaine
      hydrochloride) on geriatric psychiatric patients were assessed in a double-blind
      study at Bronx State Hospital. The mean age of the subjects was 73 years and the
      average rating for the severity of organic symptoms was "moderate." During the
      first six weeks of study, the patients were each given a 5-ml injection of either
      Gerovital or placebo (saline) intramuscularly three times a week. This dosage was
      doubled to 10 ml per injection during the second six weeks. Nine Gerovital and 10
      control subjects completed the first six weeks; and 6 Gerovital and 7 control
      subjects completed the entire 12-week study. Objective rating scales were used to
      evaluate patients on measures of interpersonal functioning, cognitive ability,
      psychiatric symptoms, and urine and blood chemical findings. All subjects were
      assessed before treatment and at six weeks and twelve weeks of the study. Side
      effects were recorded at two-week intervals. On most measures the variability
      between subjects was quite large, whereas differences between average scores for
      the two groups usually were small The few significant differences showed no
      systematic pattern and would be expected to occur by chance alone when so many
      statistical comparisons are made. The overall results of this double-blind study
      strongly indicated that, among these hospitalized geriatric patients with organic
      symptoms, Gerovital H3 had no ameliorative effect on either psychologic or
      physiologic functioning.

PMID- 1097491
TI  - Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia in the aged by a simplified surgical approach
      (percutaneous electrocoagulation).
AB  - Trigeminal neuralgia can be excruciatingly painful. For aged patients, among whom
      trigeminal neuralgia most commonly occurs, medical therapy may often afford
      relief of pain. However, since this disorder is likely to become worse with
      increasing age, medical therapy eventually may fail because of increasing drug
      requirements and intolerable side effects. Major forms of surgical treatment
      requiring craniotomy may afford longstanding relief but are associated with
      significant side effects in 3-5 per cent of cases. For these reasons the authors
      began to test a new surgical approach, i.e., stereotaxic percutaneous
      electrocoagulation of the trigeminal nerve. More than 300 patients have been
      treated by this technique in the past five years. Successive radiofrequency
      lesions allow the production of a graded sensory deficit sufficient to relieve
      pain while preserving touch and motor function in the face. Unnecessary suffering
      from the severe pain of trigeminal neuralgia need not occur because of age or a
      debilitated condition which might ordinarily preclude surgical treatment. More
      than 100 patients over 65 years of age (4 of them older than 90) have been
      treated. Of this group, 93 per cent reported good to excellent results. Seven per
      cent have had some recurrent pain during the follow-up period; however,
      recoagulation has been required in only 5 per cent of these patients.
      Recoagulation may be readily performed in any patient who shows evidence of
      fading of the sensory deficit. The electrocoagulation technique and the results
      in elderly patients are discussed.

PMID- 1097492
TI  - Keratinous cysts of the foot: a histological review of 120 cases.

PMID- 1097493
TI  - The water agar test: a new test to measure the bacteriological quality of cream.
AB  - A new test, the water agar test, is described that gives a qualitative index of
      the presence of bacteria that indicate contamination of the cream, poor storage
      conditions or both of these factors. The method is simple and requires little
      equipment. The bacteria grow in a film of diluted cream adsorbed on the surface
      of a non-nutrient base. After incubation at 30 +/- 0-5 degrees C. for 18-20 hr.,
      a proteolytic and mucoid colony count is obtained which has the same percentage
      coefficient of variance as a standard plate count. An examination of the effect
      of storage at different temperatures on the types of bacteria present in cream
      showed that of all the tests done initially, only the water agar test could
      predict subsequent bacterial growth with any consistency. The multiplication of
      presumptive coliform organisms occurred even at 3-5 degrees C. Irrespective of
      the colony count, the methylene blue reduction time was not shorter than 7 1/2
      hr. unless the bacteria were in the logarithmic phase of growth when sampled. A
      survey was made of the bacterial flora of 188 retail samples of double cream of
      15 different brands. The age of the samples varied from freshly separated cream
      to cream that had been kept in the shop for a day longer than that recommended
      for sale. The water agar test was compared with the colony count, the presumptive
      coliform test, a confirmatory coliform count in violet red-bile agar, a lipolytic
      colony count, a staphylococcal count and the methylene blue reduction test.

PMID- 1097494
TI  - Quality control tests of two salmonella enrichment media using different inocula.
AB  - Inocula of polluted water naturally infected with salmonellas effectively
      distinguished six brands of selenite and six brands of tetrathionate enrichment
      media into satisfactory and unsatisfactory categories. Minimal inocula of pure
      cultures differentiated the tetrathionates, but not the selenites. Inocula of
      naturally infected chicken giblets suggested that there was a difference between
      two comparable brands of tetrathionate, but this was not statistically
      significant. The difference was, however, clearly demonstrated by minimal inocula
      of pure cultures. Intensive investigation of two inferior tetrathionates revealed
      inhomogeneity in the distribution of brilliant green in one bottle of one brand.
      The importance of the salmonella serotype and even the colonial variant used for
      the pure culture inoculum was also demonstrated.

PMID- 1097495
TI  - Bacteriological tests as indices for the development of off-flavours in cream.
AB  - Bacteriological tests alone are not capable of predicting the keeping quality of
      cream, since taints can develop which are due to non-bacterial action. When
      spoilage is due to bacterial growth, the water agar test was found to be more
      accurate than other tests that were examined.

PMID- 1097496
TI  - Citrobacter koseri. I. An extended antigenic scheme for Citrobacter koser (syn.
      C. diversus, Levinea malonatica).
AB  - The names Citrobacter koseri, Levinea malonatica and Citrobacter diversus are
      synonymous. As a result of the study of representative strains of these organisms
      an antigenic scheme comprising seven O antigens has been proposed. The
      examination of a further 165 strains from clinical sources suggests that an
      additional seven antigens should be included in the scheme. The serological and
      biochemical reactions of the test strains for all 14 O antigens are described.

PMID- 1097497
TI  - The effect of thermal pollution on the distribution of Naegleria fowleri.
AB  - The distribution in the environment of Naegleria fowleri, the causal agent of
      primary amoebic meningoencephalitis has been investigated in this study. N.
      fowleri was isolated only from a thermally polluted canal. These
      amoebaflagellates were not isolated from another thermally polluted canal in the
      neighbourhood indicating that, apart from high temperature, other factors are
      involved in the selective proliferation of N. fowleri. This species was absent in
      all other samples originating from two canals, a stream, two lakes, several
      reservoirs and slow sandfilters of a water supply service and also a water
      distribution network. Many other amoebae able to grow at 42 degrees C. were found
      in different places. Most of the N. fowleri strains isolated were not virulent
      for mice, although they showed all the characteristics of the pathogenic strains.

PMID- 1097498
TI  - Prolongation of allograft survival in mice by administration of anti-Thy 1 serum.
      I. Mediation by in vivo activation of regulatory T cells.
AB  - A single 0.5-ml dose of anti-Thy 1.2 serum raised in AKR (H-2k, Thy 1.1) mice by
      immunization with C3H (H-2k, Thy 1.2) thymocytes prolonged mean graft survival
      (MGS) of C57BL/L (H-2b, Thy 1.2) skin on BALB/c (H-2d, Thy, 1.2) mice from 9.2 to
      13.0 days (p less than 0.01). Absorption of anti-Thy 1.2 serum with C3H but not
      AKR brain removed this activity. MGS was prolonged by anti-Thy 1.2 serum given as
      long as 2 weeks before grafting. Four separately raised anti-Thy 1.2 preparations
      prolonged MGS, one to a dilution of 1:128. Anti-Thy 1.1 serum prolonged MGS on
      AKR mice but not on BALB/c mice. Thymectomy 3 weeks or more before graft
      placement or treatment of BALB/c mice with anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS) diminished
      the effectiveness of anti-Thy 1.2 serum. Furthermore, infusion of 25 times 10(6)
      spleen cells from BALB/c mice given anti-Thy 1.2 serum prolonged MGS on syngeneic
      recipients to 15.6 days whereas spleen cells from mice given no treatment or ALS
      had no effect. Thymocytes from anti-Thy 1.2 serum treated donors were ineffective
      in prolonging MGS on transfer. Transfer or serum from anti-Thy 1.2 serum-treated
      mice also had no effect. The transfer of graft prolongation with lymphoid cells
      from anti-Thy 1 serum treated mice suggests anti-Thy 1 serum may prolong MGS by
      activating suppressor T cells.

PMID- 1097499
TI  - Endotoxin-stimulated spleen cells: characterization of the responding cells.
AB  - The percentage of endotoxin-stimulated lymphoblasts possessing C3 receptors (CR)
      decreases during a 72-hr period of in vitro cultivation. In studies reported here
      we attempted to determine whether the drop in the percentage of CR+ blast cells
      resulted from receptor loss by transformed cells or whether it resulted from the
      proliferation of additional blast cell types which lacked the CR. Using methods
      which permitted simultaneous detection of cytoplasmic IgM, the presence of the
      CR, and 3H-thymidine uptake we found that: a) LPS stimulation resulted in a
      progressive increase in the number of IgM+ blasts, b) these constituted
      approximately 30% of the total cell population at 72 hr after LPS stimulation, c)
      of the IgM+ blasts 72 to 84% were CR+ and 16 to 28% were CR- at 72 hr, d) from 48
      to 72 hr there was no decrease in the percentage of IgM+ blasts possessing the
      CR, and e) an additional blast cell type was observed which incorporated 3H
      thymidine but which was IgM- and lacked the CR. These cells constituted from 11
      to 27% of total 3H-thymidine+ cells at 72 hr after LPS stimulation. We conclude
      that the decrease in the percentage of CR+ blasts in LPS-stimulated spleen cell
      cultures is not due to receptor loss from IgM+ blasts cells but apparently is
      partly due to the stimulation and proliferation of other cell type(s) which
      lack(s) the CR. This cell(s), although its functional identity is unknown, does
      not appear to be of thymic origin. The heterogeneity of the markers on LPS
      stimulated blast cells suggests that a heterogeneous population of cells responds
      to LPS.

PMID- 1097500
TI  - Studies on leukocyte migration inhibiton: the role of E rosette-forming cells in
      specific antigen-induced inhibition of migration.
AB  - The role of E rosette-forming cells in leukocyte migration inhibition was
      investigated with human buffy coat cells fractionated by combined E rosette
      formation and Ficoll-Hypaque (FH) density gradient centrifugation. The migration
      of unfractionated dextran-sedimented leukocytes and FH-separated mononuclear
      cells (MN) were equally inhibited in the presence of Escherichia coli somatic
      antigen (E. coli), purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) and influenza
      virus antigen (Flu). Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) separated from whole
      leukocytes by one FH density gradient fractionation contained greater than 1.0% E
      rosette-forming cells and were inhibited by E. coli and PPD. PMN submitted to
      three transits of FH (DF III) contained less than or equal to 0.02% E rosette
      forming cells and were unaffected by each of the three antigens. The migration of
      mixtures of 10% MN and 90DF III cells were inhibited in the presence of specific
      antigen, while MN depleted of E rosette-forming cells (less than or equal to
      0.5%) pooled with equal numbers of DF III cells did not respond to any antigen by
      migration inhibition. These results show that PMN purified by three transits of
      FH are unable to respond to specific antigen by inhibition of migration from
      microcapillary tubes, and specific antigen-induced inhibition of migration of
      peripheral blood leukocytes does not occur in the absence of D rosette-forming
      cells in normal subjects.

PMID- 1097501
TI  - Kinetic study of T lymphocytes after sensitization against soluble antigen. I.
      Separation on density gradients.
AB  - Sensitized T cells in inguinal lymph nodes (LN) of rats immunized with ovalbumin
      and adjuvant can be separated on BSA density gradients from T cells responding to
      Con A and PHA. Further, these OA-sensitized T cells are separable from B memory
      cells responsive to OA. On days 9 and 17 after sensitization, OA-reactive cells
      peak and are found in enriched numbers in the lighter bands A + B (B-band), and
      C, respectively whereas Con A and PHA reactive cells, on both days, are
      concentrated in bands C and D, respectively. On day 9 at least 20 to 30% of B
      band cells can reinitiate DNA synthesis and produce high concentrations of
      lymphotoxin in response to OA in culture, but show only a marginal blastogenic
      response to Con A or PHA and cannot produce lymphotoxin in response to PHA. These
      cells are defined as OA-sensitized T cells because a) treatment with rat
      isoantiserum specific for T lymphocytes plus complement abolished their ability
      to incorporate 3H-thymidine in response to OA and Con A or PHA; b) membrane-bound
      immunoglobulin could not detected with indirect immunofluorescence staining; c)
      histologic studies demonstrate massive hypertrophy of thymus-dependent
      paracortical areas and absence of germinal centers in inguinal LN at this time,
      and d) they produce lymphotoxin after challenge with OA, but not with PHA,
      whereas cells of the other bands produce lymphotoxin in response to PHA, but not
      to OA. Addition of purified macrophages to the various cultures did not affect
      the levels of response observed. Day 17 C-band cells are regarded as B-memory
      cells because treatment with T-specific antiserum plus complement enhanced their
      response to OA, many germinal centers now are present in inguinal LN, and a
      significant proportion of cells of bands B and C, negative on day 9, show
      positive immunofluorescence staining at this time.

PMID- 1097502
TI  - Physicochemical characterization of chemotatic lymphokines produced by human T
      and B lymphocytes.
AB  - Ostensibly pure populations of T and B lymphocytes were separated from peripheral
      human blood by a sequential rosetting method. These cells, and mononuclear
      leukocyte (MNL) cell preparations (60 to 85% T cells), were cultured in vitro and
      the supernatants of these cultures were assayed for chemotactic lymphokine (CTX)
      activity. B lymphocytes were activated to produce CTX by binding erythrocytes
      sensitized with antibody and complement (EAC) to their C3 receptors and
      phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation of isolated T cells was used to produce T
      cell-derived CTX. Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography of supernatants
      obtained from T and B cell cultures showed that both cell types produce a CTX of
      approximate molecular weight 12,500 daltons. This result is identical to that
      previously obtained in characterizing the CTX produced by buffy coat leukocytes.
      Isoelectric focusing of lymphocyte supernatants and chemotactically active
      Sephadex G-100 fractions showed that the CTX produced by B cells and PHA
      stimulated MNL contained two peaks of lymphokine activity, a major peak at pH
      10.1 and a minor peak at pH 5.6. Additionally, these studies show that the
      chemotactic complement peptide C5a has an isoelectric point of pH 8.7 and is
      antigenically distinct from T and B cell-derived CTX, although relatively
      homogenous by gel filtration, contain two isoelectrically distinct species. In
      addition, these findings suggest that T and B cells although possessing different
      membrane receptors and requiring different mechanisms of activation to initiate
      lymphokine synthesis, produce lymphokines with identical physiocochemical
      properties.

PMID- 1097503
TI  - Isolation and characterization of the sheep erythrocyte receptor in man.
AB  - Properties of the sheep erythrocyte receptor on human lymphocytes were examined
      from two different aspects: inhibition of E-rosette formation by antisera, and
      extraction of T and non-T cells with 3 M KCl. Antisera to several T cell
      populations produced significant inhibition of E-rosette formation by human
      peripheral blood lymphocytes, whereas anti-B cell, anti-beta2-microglobulin, anti
      I, and anit-i were ineffective. Sera with activity to HL-A subgroups on the HPBL
      tested produced complete rosette inhibition, although nonspecific anti-HL-A
      produced no inhibition. T cell preparations extracted by a 3M KCl technique
      contained activity that could be bound to SRBC and produce inhibition of rosette
      formation by HPBL. This inhibitory component could be quickly eluted from the
      SRBC and retain its inhibitory activity. No inhibitory activity could be
      demonstrated in extracts of B cells and non-lymphoid cells. These results suggest
      that 1) T cell-specific and HL-A specific antisera inhibit E-rosette formation;
      2) beta2-M is not involved in the SRBC receptor as an active component; and 3)
      the receptor may be isolated by 3 M KCl extraction, and partially purified by the
      use of SRBC as a specific immunoadsorbent, without loss of biologic activity.

PMID- 1097505
TI  - Relationship between immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes and cells reactive with
      sensitized human erythrocytes.

PMID- 1097504
TI  - Lymphocyte abnormalities in Aleutian disease virus infection of mink: decreased T
      lymphocyte responses and increased B lymphocyte levels in persistent viral
      infection.
AB  - Persistence of virus and a marked hypergammaglobulinemia are consistent features
      observed in mink with Aleutian disease virus infection. These events may result
      from altered lymphocyte function in infected mink. To test this possibility we
      determined the ability of lymphocytes from infected mink to respond to
      phytolectins (PHA and Con A), and a specific antigen (KLH) in a lymphocyte
      transformation test and quantitated the number of lymphocytes bearing surface
      immunoglobulin. Infected mink had a significantly lower response than normal mink
      to PHA and Con A (P less than 0.025), and the difference in the responses
      increased progressively with time post-infection. Infected mink immunized with
      KLH also had a decreased ability to respond to this antigen when compared to
      normal immunized mink (P less than 0.001). The number of lymphocytes bearing
      surface immunoglobulin was significantly elevated in three of 10 mink infected
      for 10 weeks, and in all of seven mink infected 32 weeks (P less than 0.001).

PMID- 1097506
TI  - The expression on mouse lymphoid cells of Th-B, an antigen common to mouse B
      cells and thymus cells.
AB  - A new cell-surface antigen of mouse lymphocytes, which was found earlier on
      normal and malignant plasma cells and about half the normal thymus cell
      population, has been shown to be on mature B cells and on the least
      immunocompetent subpopulation of cells of the thymus. The antigen was first
      detected by the cytotoxic effect on relevant cells of an in vivo purified rabbit
      antiserum raised against cells of the mouse IgM-producing plasma cell tumor MOPC
      104E. We have now used a cell-transfer method to examine the effect of this
      antiserum (RantiM104E) on immunocompetent lymphocytes of spleen, including
      separated splenic B and T cells and thymus and bone marrow cells. We have found
      the antigen on the immunocompetent B lymphocytes of the spleen, but not on any
      other of the immunocompetent cells examined. The method involves determining the
      effect of the antiserum on the development of plaque-forming cells in the spleens
      of irradiated mice that have received lymphocytes from immune or non-immune
      donors by treating the lymphocyyes  with RantiM104E antiserum before transfer.
      Plaque-forming cells are suppressed when antiserum-treated spleen cells are
      transferred to the irradiated mice.This suppression was found to be due to action
      on only the splenic B cells. The helper activity of splenic T cells was not
      reduced significantly by antiserum treatment. Neither was the helper activity of
      thymus cells similarly treated reduced by the antiserum. We found, in fact, that
      the subpopulation of the thymus cells which is resistant to the antiserum was
      more immunocompetent than the total thymus cell population. In addition, the
      hydrocortisone-resistant thymus cells were also found to be resistant to the
      cytotoxic action of the antiserum. The antiserum had no effect on bone marrow
      cells in the cell-transfer procedure. The antigen involved, which we are
      designating "Th-B" appears to be a B cell line marker which appears relatively
      early during the differentiation of mouse B cells from precursor cells and is
      lost during maturation of T cells.

PMID- 1097507
TI  - Antigenic competition between heterologous erythrocytes in mice: interference
      with competition-inducing effect of sheep erythrocytes by inclusion of non
      competing antigen.
AB  - Antigenic competition was studied on reciprocal combinations of non-cross
      reacting erythrocyte (RBC) antigens, i.e., sheep erythrocytes (SRBC), horse
      erythrocytes (HRBC), and chicken erythrocytes (CRBC), as competing antigen or as
      test antigen. Unlike SRBC and HRBC, CRBC did not induce antigenic competition,
      and mice previously injected with CRBC showed normal direct and indirect
      hemolysin plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses to the other RBC subsequently
      injected. Formaldehyde-treated (F) SRBC that retained the capacity to prime mouse
      for secondary anti-SRBC antibody response but lost the capacity to elicit primary
      antibody response also could not induce antigenic competition. CRBC or F-SRBC,
      i.e., non-competing antigen, included with SRBC interfered with the competition
      inducing effect of the latter RBC. When mice that had been injected with SRBC
      together with either one of the non-competing antigens were subsequently
      immunized with HRBC their anti-HRBC PFC responses were significantly restored,
      whereas mice pre-injected with SRBC alone showed markedly suppressed PFC
      responses to HRBC. Although the non-competing antigen was found not to affect
      both the direct and indirect PFC responses to the simultaneously injected SRBC,
      the response of the immune system to the non-competing antigen should alter the
      concurrent response to SRBC, and probably should prevent the generation of the
      suppressor thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes, allowing the generation of the helper
      T lymphocytes for IgM and IgG anti-SRBC antibody formation.

PMID- 1097508
TI  - Antigen-initiated B lymphocyte differentiation. IV. The adherence properties of
      antibody-forming cell progenitors from primed and unprimed mice.
AB  - Distinct sub-populations of B lymphocytes may be fractionated by passage through
      glass-bead columns, due to a temperature-independent adherence of certain cells.
      The relative adherence properties of AFC-progenitors from spleens of primed or
      unprimed CBA mice were compared with an adoptive immune assay employing as
      antigen the hapten NIP on the carrier polymerized flagellin, under conditions
      where T lymphocytes did not limit the response. The AFC-progenitors for an anti
      NIP IgM response from unprimed mice, whether conventional, germ-free, or athymic
      were more adherent than the majority of cells in the spleen. The AFC-progenitors
      for an IgG response from hapten-primed mice were less adherent that the majority
      of spleen cells. The results indicate that there are sub-classes of AFC
      progenitors, differing in surface properties and probably corresponding to
      differences between the "antigen-inexperienced" and the "memory" B cell
      populations.

PMID- 1097510
TI  - IgG antibody suppression of the IgM antibody response to Toxoplasma gondii in
      newborn rabbits.
AB  - Studies were performed in an experimental rabbit model in an attempt to explore
      the possibility that the absence of an IgM antibody response in human infants
      congenitally infected with Toxoplasma may be caused by a suppressive effect of
      IgG antibody passively transferred from the mother. The IgM antibody response to
      Toxoplasma gondii infection in newborn rabbits previously injected with IgG
      Toxoplasma antibody was significantly suppressed as determined by an
      immunofluorescent antibody assay (IgM-IFA). In newborn rabbits infected with
      Toxoplasma, IgM-IFA antibody was first demonstrated 15 days after infection and
      reached a peak titer of 1:128 in two animals on days 20 and 25. In newborn
      rabbits injected with IgG Toxoplasma antibody and then infected with Toxoplasma,
      the Igm-IFA antibody and then infected with Toxoplasma, the Igm-IFA antibody
      response was considerably lower; the highest titer was 1:16 and occurred 25 and
      30 days after infection. The results of these studies lend support to the concept
      that maternally transmitted IgG may suppress the IgM antibody response in the
      fetus and newborn infant.

PMID- 1097509
TI  - Antagonism of B lymphocyte mitogenesis by anti-immunoglobulin antibody.
AB  - Anti-mouse-immunoglobulin-antibodies (AMIg) were shown to suppress mitogenesis in
      B lymphocytes that were cultured with lipopolysaccharide, (LPS), or polymerized
      flagellin, (POL). Preincubation of spleen cells with AMIg plus LPS has a greater
      suppressive effect on a subsequent mitogenic response to LPS than did
      preincubation with AMIg alone. Preincubation with LPS alone had, if anything, a
      slight enhancing effect. These experiments suggested that AMIg did not suppress
      mitogenesis by interference with the initial binding of the mitogen, but rather
      exerted a separated negative effect that occurred subsequent to, or in the
      process of, B cell-stimulation.

PMID- 1097511
TI  - Pretreatment of murine thymocytes by phytohemagglutinin inhibits the binding of H
      concanavalin A.
AB  - The binding of H-concanavalin A (Con A) to cortisone-resistant and normal mouse
      thymocytes, which greatly differ in mitogenic responsiveness, was compared.
      Almost equal numbers of 3H-Con A molecules (7 x 10(5) molecules per cell) were
      found to bind to both cell types, and the rates of H-Con A binding were nearly
      identical. The binding capacity of thymocytes for H-Con A decreased rapidly after
      removal from the thymus and incubation in protein free synthetic medium.
      Similarly, mitogenic responsiveness droped rapidly after cells were exposed to
      this medium. H-Con A molecules bound to cells were dissociated from them after a
      brief incubation, about 30 percent of radioactivity being lost in 2 hr with
      increasing radioactivity being found in the supernatant. When cells were
      pretreated with PHA-P, which is a T cell mitogen, their mitogenic responsiveness
      to Con A was suppressed along with H-Con A binding to the cells. In contrast, a B
      cell mitrogen, LPS, that has a synergistic effect on the Con A mitogenic response
      in thymocytes had no effect on binding of H-Con A to thymocytes.

PMID- 1097514
TI  - Genetic control of susceptibility to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and
      the Ag-B locus of rats.
AB  - Injection of guinea pig spinal cord with complete Freund's adjuvant induces EAE
      in Lewis (Ag-B1) and DA (Ag-B4) rats, but not in rats of the BN (Ag-B3) strain.
      When BN is crossed with Lewis, susceptibility is determined by a gene linked to
      the Ag-B histocompatibility locus, but a much more complex mode of inheritance is
      involved when BN and DA rats are crossed. Six inbred strains possessing the Ag-B1
      histocompatibility allele have been found to be susceptible to EAE. Evidence for
      recombination between the Ag-B locus and the gene determining susceptibility to
      EAE has not yet been obtained.

PMID- 1097512
TI  - Hyperacute rejection and enhancement of mouse skin grafts by antibodies with a
      distinct specificity.
AB  - Pure 7S IgG2 was prepared from B6AF1 anti-B10.D2 ascites fluid by affinity
      chromatography. This preparation was extensively absorbed with B10.D2 red blood
      cells to remove the antibodies directed against the serologically defined
      antigens of the major histocompatibility complex. After absorption the serum had
      retained in vitro cytotoxic activity against 45 percent of B10.D2 spleen cells.
      The absorbed and unabsorbed 7S IgG2 antibodies were tested for their capacity to
      induce enhancement and, in the presence of rabbit complement, hyperacute
      rejection of B10.D2 skin grafts in B6AF1 recipient mice. The enhancing capacity
      of 7S IgG2 was completely unimpaired after absorption. However, the absorbed
      preparation was unable to induce hyperacute rejection of the grafts even if very
      high doses were administered. The results show that hyperacute rejection of skin
      grafts in this model is mediated by antibodies directed against the serologically
      defined antigens (i.e., H-2K antigens) of the H-2 complex. They further support
      the hypothesis that immunologic enhancement is mediated by antibodies directed
      against Ir-region-as-sociated antigens.

PMID- 1097513
TI  - Cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes. V. Role of soluble toxin in macrophage
      inhibited cultures of tumor cells.
AB  - Macrophage cell-mediated cytolysis (M-CMC) of tumor cells may be measured by
      culturing target cells on macrophage monolayers and determining target cell
      survival by either Rb or H-thymidine incorporation. Using these techniques, one
      can demonstrate cytotoxicity of nonimmune human and rat macrophages to a variety
      of tumor cell lines. Toxicity becomes maximal 8 to 16 hr after attaching
      macrophages to plastic surfaces and disappears after 36 to 48 hr. Addition of
      Escherichia coli endotoxin at 48 hr restores macrophage toxicity. Culture of
      macrophages on plastic surfaces also results in the release, nonspecifically, of
      a soluble cytotoxin whose kinetics of release, disappearance, and reappearance
      after endotoxin all parallel the M-CMC. The amount of toxin released into
      cultures containing target cells is markedly reduced, suggesting that it is the
      mediator of the M-CMC and that it is utilized or absorbed during target
      destruction. Sephadex G-100 chromatography and treatment with heterologous anti
      lymphotoxin can distinguish this toxin from lymphotoxin.

PMID- 1097515
TI  - Class differences in the antibody response of HLC and LLC mice to sheep red blood
      cells.
AB  - The immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) has been studied in two mouse
      lines selectively bred for a difference in leukocyte levels. Low leukocyte count
      (LLC) mice responded to multiple injections of 4 x 10(7) SRBC with a predominant
      IgM response whereas high leukocyte count (HLC) mice produced IgG almost
      exclusively, even after a single injection of SRBC. F1 mice responded like the
      LLC parent and backcross data implied genetic control at multiple loci. No
      correlation was found between the class of antibody produced in response to SRBC
      and the leukocyte count in backcross mice. Large numbers of plaque-forming cells
      (PFC) were detected in the spleens of HLC mice relative to the number detected in
      LLC spleens after primary and secondary immunizations with SRBC.

PMID- 1097516
TI  - T cell activation and cellular cooperation in autoimmune NZB/NZW F hybrid mice.
AB  - Old (6 months) overtly autoimmune female NZB X NZW F1 (B/W) mice were markedly
      hyporesponsive to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). The response to SRBC was restored by
      a) simultaneously injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with SRBC or b) transferring
      bone marrow and thymocytes with SRBC into lethally x-irradiated (100 R) syngeneic
      old recipients. The in vitro PFC response of old B/W spleen cells to SRBC was
      restored by adding in culture a) theta-positive and radioresistant spleen cells
      from old B/W mice primed with homologous antigen or b) activated T cells from the
      spleens of lethally x-irradiated (1000 R) old B/W mice injected with old
      syngeneic thymocytes and SRBC but not horse erythrocytes. Various populations of
      unprimed lymphoid cells from young (4 to 6 weeks) female B/W mice, which respond
      normally to SRBC, were not capable of restoring the response of old syngeneic
      mice in vitro or in vivo. These results suggest the existence of a suppressor of
      T cell activation and/or B and T cell interaction in old autoimmune B/W mice.

PMID- 1097517
TI  - Inhibition of in vitro lymphokine synthesis by glucocorticosteroids.
AB  - At pharmacological levels, glucocorticosteroids inhibited two antigen-induced
      lymphocyte functions, in vitro proliferation and lymphokine synthesis. Lymphocyte
      production of both macrophage chemotactic factor (CTX) and macrophage inhibition
      factor (MIF) were decreased in the presence of hydrocortisone. The corticosteroid
      also blocked the action of MIF on macrophages but did not interfere with the
      action of CTX on macrophages. Thus, steroids can suppress the immune response at
      two different stages: by blocking lymphocyte activation and mediator synthesis
      and also by interfering with the interaction of certain effector molecules with
      their target cells. Furthermore, these findings suggested that MIF and CTX have
      distinct mechanisms of action on the effector macrophages, one being sensitive
      and one resistant to steroids.

PMID- 1097518
TI  - Antigenic selection of IgG precursor subpopulations.
AB  - The temporal increase in the antigen-binding characteristic of the IgG antibody
      synthesized after primary immunization is thought to result from antigen
      preferentially selecting those precursors of the antibody-forming cells with
      higher affinity receptors. We have investigated this regulatory role of antigen
      on the selection and expression of IgG precursor subpopulations in rabbit lymph
      node populations undergoing the secondary anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA)
      response in vitro. The data indicate that although immunologic memory increased
      between 1 and 4 months after immunization there was not an increase in antigen
      sensitivity. We also determined the avidity of the IgG antibody secreted by PFC
      elicited in the cell cultures. Although the avidity of antibody secreted by PFC
      elicited with low concentrations of antigen was 2-fold greater than when high
      concentrations of antigen were employed, analyses of the avidity subpopulations
      of IgG PFC revealed that memory potential was not restricted to high affinity
      primed cells. Moreover, populations of PFC that gave differing avidity values
      were similar in terms of their plaque diameters and IgG secretion rates.

PMID- 1097519
TI  - The enhancing effect of mitogens on the in vivo immune response of rabbits.
AB  - The effect of Con A and PHA on the primary humoral immune response in rabbits was
      investigated and compared with the effect of LPS and irradiation. Both Con A and
      PHA enhanced PFC levels and precipitating antibody titers to HuIgG when injected
      simultaneously with AHuIgG. Comparable enhancement of the response to HuIgG was
      obtained by simultaneous injection of LPS with AHuIgG or by irradiating rabbits
      (500 R) 24 hr after injection of the antigen. Further studies with Con A showed
      that its adjuvant effect was not restricted to a particular antigen since it also
      enhanced antibody responses to both SRBC and Bov Tg when injected simultaneously
      with either of these antigens. Although optimal enhancement of the response to
      HuIgG occurred when antigen and mitogen were injected simultaneously, some
      enhancement was obtained if Con A was injected 2 days after antigen, whereas the
      response was decreased if Con A was injected 2 days before antigen. Splenic PFC
      in A/J mice injected with doses of AHuIgG and Con A equivalent on a body weight
      basis to those used in rabbits were also enhanced by simultaneous injection of
      Con A with the antigen.

PMID- 1097520
TI  - The effect of staphylococcal enterotoxins on the primary in vitro immune
      response.
AB  - Staphylococcal enterotoxins, like several plant lectins, have been shown to
      stimulate mitogenic activity and lymphokine production in lymphocytes. The effect
      of enterotoxins A and B on the primary in vitro plaque-forming cell (PFC)
      response of mouse (C57BL/6) spleen cells to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was
      examined. PFC responses in 4- or 5-day cultures were inhibited greater than 90%
      by 0.1 mug enterotoxin A and by 3- to 6-mug enterotoxin B when the toxins were
      added to the cultures either at the time of SRBC addition or 24 hr before. Both
      enterotoxins A and B were shown to be T lymphocyte mitogens. Kinetic data
      indicated that the enterotoxins (10 mug) inhibited the PFC response as early as
      day 3, but were relatively more inhibitory at days 4 and 5. The PFC response was
      inhibited when enterotoxins were added to cultures at the same time as antigen or
      a day later; it was enhanced when added at day 2; and it was unaffected when
      added at day 3 of 4-day cultures. Further, the presence of enterotoxin A during
      the first 24 hr of culture and subsequent removal was still as effective in
      inhibiting the PFC response as when it was present throughout the culture period.
      The PFC inhibitory properties of enterotoxins appear, then, to affect some early
      event(s) in the in vitro immune response. Alpha-methyl-D-mannopyranoside blocked
      the PFC inhibitory effect of concanavalin A (con A), but it had no effect on
      enterotoxin A. The two mitogens appear, then, to react with different receptors
      on the lymphocytes or to differ in the dynamics of their reactivity. The effects
      of staphylococcal enterotoxins on the PFC response of spleen cells were
      remarkably similar to those reported for lectins such as con A. Enterotoxins are
      structurally simpler than con A and should therefore be quite useful in studying
      various biologic activities of lymphocytes.

PMID- 1097521
TI  - Ia alloantigen(s) detected on thymocytes by use of a fluorescence-activated cell
      sorter.
AB  - With the increased sensitivity of detection of fluorescence made possible by a
      fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS), Ia antigen(s) have been demonstrated,
      although very small amounts, on murine thymocytes by using an indirect
      immunofluorescent technique. Absorption studies indicate that the Ia antigens
      detected on thymocytes are also present on spleen B cells, however, they do not
      rule out the possibility that certain Ia antigens may exist only on B cells.
      These studies suggest that the surface distribution and/or the decreased density
      of Ia antigens on thymocytes relative to peripheral B cells may preclude their
      demonstration by more conventional assays. Although these studies demonstrate Ia
      antigens on less than 50% of thymocytes, the percentage may in fact be much
      higher since current methods do not allow an upper limit to be assigned.

PMID- 1097522
TI  - Radioresistance of cells responsible for delayed hypersensitivity reactions in
      the mouse.

PMID- 1097523
TI  - Antigenic competition between two sequentially acting antigens. Immunosuppressive
      effect of T cells in spleen and lymph nodes of mouse.
AB  - This study concerns the antigenic competition among heterologous red cells, a T
      suppressor-dependent phenomenon, in three cases, when the two antigens are
      administered by various routes, in (a) splenectomized mice or in Nude mice
      reconstituted with (b) lymph node cells, or spleen cells. Competition occurs
      whatever the routes of antigenic introduction, except when the two antigens are
      injected subcutaneously in the same leg and the anti-SRC plaque-forming cells are
      counted in the draining lymph nodes. In that case, the first antigen plays the
      role of adjuvant to the second. An adjuvant effect is also observed in
      splenectomized mice when the antigens are introduced intraperitoneally. However,
      competition does not occur in Nude mice but is present when those animals have
      been reconstituted either with lymphnode cells or with spleen cells. Those
      results play in favor of the presence of T suppressors, both in lymph nodes and
      in spleen; however, in lymph nodes, the immunosuppressive action induced by the
      first antigen is exceeded by an concomitant adjuvant effect.

PMID- 1097525
TI  - B lymphocyte differentiation induced by lipopolysaccharide. I. Generation of
      cells synthesizing four major immunoglobulin classes.
AB  - Cultured cells from mouse thoracic duct, spleen, lymph node, Peyer's patches, and
      bone marrow gave rise to cells containing large amounts of cytoplasmic IgM, IgGl,
      and IgG2 when stimulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Differntiation of
      IgA producers occurred in bone marrow only, and to a lesser extent than other
      classes. Significant IgM responses preceded development of cells containing other
      classes. The differentiation of IgG and IgA producers did not appear to depend on
      T cells, since cultures from nu/nu or thymectomized-irradiated, bone marrow
      protected mice responded as well as normals. Cultures from mice rendered
      deficient in B cells by anti-mu treatment responded normally to T cell mitogens,
      but did not proliferate or give rise to immunoglobulin-secreting cells when
      stimulated with LPS. Bone marrow cultures gave relatively meager proliferative
      responses to LPS, but generated as many or more immunoglobulin-secreting cells as
      did other tissues.

PMID- 1097524
TI  - Separation of lymphocytes by specific adherence to cellular monolayers containing
      protein A of Staphylococcus aureus.
AB  - A technique was developed for the isolation of lymphocytes according to their
      surface antigenic markers. The method was based on the general reaction of
      protein A (SpA from S. aureus) with the Fc-part of an IgG antibody. Monolayers of
      S. aureus or Spa-coated sheep red blood cells (SpA-SRBC) fix antibody-charged
      cells specifically; non-fixed cells are easily removed by washing. Alternatively,
      the monolayers can be treated with a cell surface specific antibody prior to
      addition of non-charged cells. Monolayer-adhered cells were detached by the
      addition of lysostaphin (bacterial monolayer) or ammonium chloride (SpA-SRBC
      monolayer). As an example, Ig-bearing cells were isolated from mouse spleen
      lymphocytes using a specific rabbit anti-mouse Ig serum for charging either the
      cells or the monolayers. The recovery of Ig-bearing cells was approximately 84%.
      The purity of the cells was approximately 83% and the viability 89%. Antibody-SpA
      complexes on the surface of isolated cells were removed either by trypsin
      treatment or by cultivation. Ig on the cell surface is restored after 16 hr of
      cultivation.

PMID- 1097526
TI  - Sera and the in vitro induction of immune responses. I. Bacterial contamination
      and the generation of good fetal bovine sera.
AB  - More than 200 samples of pooled fetal bovine sera (FBS) were tested to determine
      their capacity to support primary immune responses by cultured mouse spleen
      cells. Less than 10% of the FBS samples were fully supportive; the majority of
      the samples were moderately to very deficient. Several lines of evidence suggest
      that bacterial contamination during the processing of sera plays a major role in
      determining which sera are supportive. Serum samples known to have been
      temporarily contamined during processing were strongly supportive. Samples of FBS
      which were likely never to have been contaminated were deficient. Bacteria from a
      specific lot of supportive serum converted a very deficient serum into one which
      was supportive. Several mechanicsms by which bacteria could effect sera are
      discussed.

PMID- 1097527
TI  - Sera and the in vitro induction of immune responses. II. Inhibitory effects of
      newborn calf sera on primary humoral responses.
AB  - The effect of newborn calf (NBC) sera on the in vitro generation of immune
      responses were studied. NBC sera inhibited the generation of primary humoral
      responses to SRBC. The inhibitory activity was dose-dependent and diluted out
      rapidly. Adding inhibitory doses of NBC serum to test cultures at zero or 24 hr
      resulted in approximately the same amount of inhibition. Pulsing experiments
      showed that the test cultures were most sensitive to the inhibitory effects of
      NBC serum during the 24- to 48-hr period. In contrast to its inhibitory effects
      on primary humoral responses, NBC sera supported the in vitro generation of
      secondary humoral responses and significantly increased the responses of some of
      these over control levels. We found that sera obtained from newborn calves before
      nursing were not inhibitory for primary responses but sera obtained from the same
      calves 7 days later did inhibit these responses. We postulate that the inhibitory
      effects of NBC sera may represent a physiologic control mechanism which becomes
      active when immunologic maturity develops and that it possibly involves the
      inactivation of cell mediators.

PMID- 1097528
TI  - Studies on the human T lymphocyte population. III. Synthesis and release of the
      lymphocyte receptor for sheep red blood cells by stimulated human T lymphoblasts.
AB  - The IgG fraction of a goat antibody specific for human T lymphocytes (ATG) and
      that of a rabbit antibody directed (anti-Ts) were used to study the synthesis,
      display, and release of the receptor for SRBC (Ts) by normal human peripheral
      lymphocytes. A large percentage of lymphoblasts obtained by stimulation of
      lymphocytes with PHA or PWM formed multilayered rosettes with SRBC. The vast
      majority of these rosetting lymphoblasts were T lymphocyte derived, whereas few B
      lymphoblasts formed rosettes. Significant increases were found in the quantity of
      Ts on the lymphoblast membrane and in the supernatants from PHA-stimulated
      cultures, especially late in transformation. Furthermore, lymphocytes cultured
      with PHA and 3H-leucine synthesized and released radiolabeled Ts.

PMID- 1097529
TI  - Studies on lymphokines: the production of antibody to guinea pig lymphotoxin and
      its use to distinguish lymphotoxin from migration inhibitory factor and mitogenic
      factor.
AB  - Guinea pig lymphotoxin, which was produced by stimulating immune lymph node cells
      with the specific antigen, ovalbumin, was partially purified by the sequential
      use of Pevikon block electrophoresis, ion exchange chromatography on DEAE
      cellulose, and polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. The lymphotoxin recovered
      from the final step was purified approximately 200- to 300-fold as compared to
      the starting material, but nevertheless contained at least one major contaminant
      protein. Rabbits were immunized with the partially purified lymphotoxin, and an
      antiserum capable of neutralizing the cytotoxic effect of lymphotoxin was
      obtained. The anti-lymphotoxin activity was shown to be due predominantly to IgM
      immunoglobulin. The antiserum neutralized concanavalin A-induced lymphotoxin with
      equal efficiency as antigen-induced lymphotoxin. On the other hand, the anti
      lymphotoxin serum did not neutralize preformed mitogenic factor or migration
      inhibitory factor (MIF) which had been produced by antigen-stimulated immune
      lymph node cells. Thus these activities appear to be due to substances which are
      antigenically distinct from lymphotoxin. Likewise, anti-lymphotoxin serum, when
      present in cultures of antigen-stimulated immune lymphoid cells, caused no
      diminution in the amount of mitogenic factor or MIF which was produced,
      indicating that it had no direct deleterious effect on the function of the
      lymphoid cells responsible for producing these lymphokines.

PMID- 1097530
TI  - Modulation of the immune response by antigen-reactive lymphocytes after
      cultivation with gangliosides.
AB  - GM1 ganglioside isolated from mouse brain was found to be capable of inhibiting
      the thymocytotoxicity of AKR anti-Thy 1.2 antiserum and to a lesser extent anti
      BAtheta antiserum. GD1b ganglioside of mouse brain and thymocytes inhibited the
      thymocytotoxicity of rabbit anti-BAtheta anti-serum for mouse thymocytes. When
      GM1 ganglioside, in the form of cholesterol-lecithin liposomes, was incubated
      with spleen cell cultures in the presence of SRBC, depressed anti-SRBC hemolytic
      plaque responses were observed. This effect could be neutralized by first
      absorbing the GM1 liposomes with anti-Thy-1.2 antibodies. The kinetics of GM1
      numbers when the ganglioside was added even as late as the 4th day of culture.
      Results of experiments in which GM1 ganglioside was incubated with either bone
      marrow cells or with thymocytes suggest that the target cell for GM1 liposomes is
      the B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1097531
TI  - Differentiating feline T and B lymphocytes by rosette formation.
AB  - The number of bone marrow-derived and thymus-dependent lymphocytes in the
      peripheral blood of felines was assessed. Feline bone marrow-derived lymphocytes
      were determined by erythrocyte antibody complement (EAC)-rosette formation and
      membrane immunofluorescence. A good correlation was observed between the cells
      forming EAC-rosettes (mean of 40.2 +/- 9.7%) and those possessing membrane
      immunoglobulins (mean of 45.3 +/- 4.1%). Feline thymus-dependent lymphocytes form
      non-immune (E)-rosettes with rodent erythrocytes (mouse, rat, guinea pig) but not
      with erythrocytes from humans, monkeys, dogs, mongooses, chickens, rabbits,
      sheep, and hamsters. An average of 32.3 +/- 992% of the peripheral blood
      lymphobytes of cats formed rosettes with guinea pig erythrocytes. Antibody
      blocking, cytotoxicity, and mix-rosette studies demonstrated that guinea pig red
      blood cells bind specifically to T lymphocytes. Of feline peripheral blood
      lymphocytes, 41.0 +/- 7.5% showed fluorescent staining with fluorescein-labeled
      rabbit anti-cat thymus antiserum.

PMID- 1097532
TI  - Evidence that uridine incorporation is not a selective marker for mouse
      lymphocyte subclasses.
AB  - We demonstrate here that mouse T+ and Ig+ lymphocytes do not show the
      differential incorporation of 3H-uridine into acid precipitable cellular
      components described for these lymphocyte subpopulation in the rat.

PMID- 1097533
TI  - Investigation of the recovery phenomenon in immunofluorescence after laser
      excitation.
AB  - Laser excitation was applied in two standard immunopathological indirect
      immunoflorescence systems in order to investigate bleaching and recovery of
      fluorescence intensity upon repeated illuminations. Variation of illumination
      times and dark periods between these showed that the recovery phenomenon is a
      function of both the (time times energy) product of excitation and the length of
      dark intervals. The value of high energy excitation in immunofluorescence in
      providing insight into the mechanisms of bleaching and recovery is discussed.

PMID- 1097534
TI  - Dr. K.L. Basu Mallik.

PMID- 1097535
TI  - beta-Ecdysone effects on the development of nucleopolyhedrosis in Heliothis spp.

PMID- 1097536
TI  - Studies on the arrangement patterns of nucleocapsids within the envelopes of
      nuclear-polyhedrosis virus in the fat-body cells of the brown tail moth,
      Euproctis similis.

PMID- 1097537
TI  - In vitro cultivation of testicular cysts of the greater wax moth and
      multiplication of the associated nuclear polyhedrosis virus.

PMID- 1097538
TI  - Transmission, diagnosis, and control of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus in
      colonies of Heliothis virescens.

PMID- 1097539
TI  - Invasion of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus in midgut of the armyworm, Pseudaletia
      unipuncta, and the enhancement of a synergistic enzyme.

PMID- 1097540
TI  - Cutaneous immunopathology: recent observations.
AB  - Immunofluorescent studies are currently being done on patients with pemphigus,
      pemphigoid, dermatitis, lupus erythematosus and its variants, the cutaneous
      prophyrias, scarring alopecia, erosive mouth lesions, light-sensitive disorders,
      and cutaneous vasculitis. In this paper I shall review some of the recent
      advances in immunopathology and report the results that have been obtained in our
      laboratory.

PMID- 1097541
TI  - The significance of cutaneous immunoglobulin deposits in lupus erythematosus and
      NZB/NZW F1 hybrid mice.
AB  - In 50 to 60 percent of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a band
      of immunoglobulins beneath the epidermis of visibly normal skin. This highly
      specific finding has been used as a diagnostic test (Lupus Band Test) for SLE.
      Similar immunoglobulin deposits are found in an inbred strain of New Zealand mice
      which spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease with many features of SLE.
      Subepidermal immunoglobulin deposits are found most frequently in SLE patients
      with proliferative glomerulonephritis, hypocomplementemia, and serum antibodies
      to native DNA (anti-nDNA). When anti-nDNA levels are suppressed by
      cyclophosphamide, these deposits disappear. The subepidermal accumulation of
      immunoglobulin in SLE patients and in the mouse model apparently depends on the
      presence of antibody to native DNA. It is proposed that serum anti-nDNA
      precipitates with nDNA which is released locally from epidermal nuclear
      breakdown.

PMID- 1097542
TI  - The epidermal-dermal junction.
AB  - Ultrastructurally, the epidermal-dermal junction is composed of four component
      areas:(1) the basal cell plasma membrane with its specialized attachment devices
      or hemidesmosomes, (2) an electron-lucent area, the lamina lucida, (3) the basal
      lamina, and (4) the sub-basal lamina fibrous components, including anchoring
      fibrils, dermal microfibril bundles, and collagen fibers. The light microscopic
      "basement membrane" comprises only the sub-basal lamina fibrous zone. Other cell
      types, including melanocytes and Merkel cells, are also found at the epidermal
      dermal junction. Structures at the junction derive their origin from the
      epidermis and dermis: the basal lamina is primarily of epidermal origin, the
      anchoring fibrils of dermal origin. The junction serves the following functions:
      (1) epidermal-dermal adherence, (2) mechanical support for the epidermis, and (3)
      a barrier to the exchange of cells and of some large molecules across the
      junction.

PMID- 1097543
TI  - Immunoglobulin classes of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen.
AB  - Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen in the sera of 10 patients with acute viral
      hepatitis B, 20 patients with chronic hepatitis B, and 30 carriers of chronic
      hepatitis B surface antigen was assayed by the indirect immunofluorescence test.
      The activity of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen in the sera of these three
      groups of patients was identified as belonging to immunoglobulin classes G, M, A,
      and D. Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen was predominantly of IgG and IgM
      classes in all three groups of patients.

PMID- 1097545
TI  - Synergism of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine for candida species.
AB  - The in vitro activity of amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine against 40 isolates
      of different species of Candida was studied. Synergism was seen in 35 of 40
      organisms studied (88%) with achievable serum concentrations of the antibiotics.
      Synergism was striking in many strains that were resistant to 5-fluorocytosine.
      When the minimal inhibitory concentration of 5-fluorocytosine was greater than
      400 mug/ml, synergism was seen in 18 of 20 isolates of Candida (90%).

PMID- 1097544
TI  - Spread of Streptococcus pneumoniae in families. I. Carriage rates and
      distribution of types.
AB  - The mechanisms by which Streptococcus pneumoniae spreads from person to person
      are poorly understood. In this study, optimal methods for sampling, isolation,
      and identification of S. pneumoniae from healthy carriers were investigated.
      Factors influencing carriage rates were analyzed. Findings included the
      importance of pharyngeal rather than of nasal sampling in adults, the greater
      sensitivity of mouse inoculation compared with direct streaking of blood agar
      plates, and the superiority of the Quellung reaction with omniserum over the
      optochin disk as a means of identification of S. pneumoniae. Carriage rates were
      highest in children of preschool (35%) or grammar school (29%) age and in adults
      with preschool children in the family (18%). Rates were lowest in adults without
      preschool children in the family (2%-9%).

PMID- 1097547
TI  - The pathologist and the computer.

PMID- 1097546
TI  - New knowledge of chlamydiae and the diseases they cause.
AB  - The trachoma and LGV organisms, the human pathogens of the species C.
      trachomatis, cause oculogenital infections and disease syndromes of the eye and
      genital tract. The incidence of the most prominent disease, endemic trachoma with
      eye-to-eye transmission, is decreasing all over the world. At the same time there
      is increasing recognition of high-frequency venereal infections with trachoma
      organisms and of the genital disease and occasional ocular disease that they
      cause. Laboratory techniques for diagnosis and investigation are improving, but
      work with these interesting intermediate agents remains more difficult than that
      with many other microorganisms. Proper recognition of the diseases is important
      because specific therapy is available.

PMID- 1097548
TI  - Differential pulmonary residual volume determinations with radioactive xenon.
AB  - A radioactive xenon inhalation procedure was used to determine differential
      residual volumes (right lung vs. left lung) in 28 normal subjects (6 of whom
      smoked approximately 1 package of cigarettes per day).  The average right lung
      residual volume represented 54% of the total residual volume, whereas the average
      left lung residual volumerepresented 46% of the total.  In addition, all of the
      subjects were studied by a standard helium dilution technique and found to have
      total lung residual comparable to the total lung residual volume as determined by
      the xenon technique.  There was no statistical difference between the data
      obtained from cigarette smokers vs. nonsmokers.  The noninvasive nature of the
      xenon technique makes this a useful procedure in determining differential
      residual volumes.

PMID- 1097549
TI  - Incidence and titers of antinuclear, antismooth muscle, and other autoantibodies
      in blood donors.
AB  - Sera from 107 blood donors ranging in age from 18 to 66 years were tested by
      indirect immunofluorescence for titers of various autoantibodies. These were
      matched for sex in diffferent age brackets. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) titiers of
      10 or more appeared in 45 per cent of the sera examined. However, only 5.6 per
      cent had ANA titers of 80 or more, and only one subject had a titer of 160. ANA
      titers of 80 or greater were only found in the oldest age group (51 years or
      older). In those subjects with detectable ANA, 57.7 per cent were female and 32.8
      per cent were male. The prevalence of thyroid cytoplasm and gastric parietal cell
      antibodies also appeared both age and sex related, while smooth muscle antibodies
      did not. Anti-DNA antibody, pemphigus antibody, bullous pemphigoid antibody, and
      mitochondrial antibody were detected in none of the sera tested. No relationships
      were seen in pairs of autoantibodies.

PMID- 1097550
TI  - Chemotaxis as a preparative technique for human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
AB  - Human peripheral blood phagocytic cells were prepared in large quantities
      utilizing their chemotactic characteristics. Cells were isolated using an
      enlarged version of the Boyden chemotactic chamber and were collected after
      migrating through a Millipore membrane into a solution containing chemotactic
      factor. Chemotactic factors consisted of normal human serum, casein-saturated
      medium, and a combination of human serum and casein-saturated medium. The most
      effective attractant was the mixture of casein and fresh human serum. Yields of
      up to 24.8 times 10(6) cells could be attained from a starting volume of
      approximately 12 c.c. of peripheral blood. These cells were greater than 95 per
      cent polymorphonuclear leukocytes with the remaining cells being monocytes. No
      erythrocytes or lymphocytes contaminated these preparations. The advantages of
      this technique are as follows: (1) large quantities of human peripheral blood
      phagocytes consisting of greater than 95 per cent polymorphonuclear cells can be
      obtained: (2) these cells are known to be biologically active sice chemotaxis is
      a requirement for their isolation; (3) the separative method is dependent on
      chemotactic properties rather than sedimentation characteristics; and finally (4)
      the resulting cell preparations are virtually devoid of lymphocytes and
      erythrocytes.

PMID- 1097551
TI  - Radioimmunoassay, acetylating radio-enzymatic assay, and microbioassay of
      gentamicin: a comparative study.
AB  - Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used to treat gram-negative
      bacillary infections. Because it has a low therapeutic index, monitoring of serum
      levels may help to insure adequacy of dosage and avoid toxicity. Microbiological
      assays are relatively slow and can be complicated by the presence of other
      antimicrobials. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and acetylating radio-enzymatic assay
      (ARA) are new methods for gentamicin assay which offer the following advantages:
      rapidity (less than 3 hours); no interference by other antibiotics; RIA is
      extremely sensitive and ARA is versatile (being useful in the measurement of
      other aminoglycosides). Correlation coefficients determined by linear regression
      analysis of assays on 36 patient samples performed in duplicate on 2 different
      days demonstrated no significant difference in measurement of gentamicin by each
      of the methods. Factors such as numbers of specimens, cost, and time involved
      will affect the decision of the method to be applied in individual laboratories.

PMID- 1097552
TI  - Histopathological findings in cochlear implants in cats.
AB  - This histopathological study on cats has shown that electrodes may be implanted
      into the cochlea through the round window or an opening drilled over the middle
      and apical turns without loss of the spiral ganglion cells or auditory nerve
      fibres. It has also shown that infection, leading to a labyrinthitis, was more
      likely to occur when an opening was drilled in the cochlea, and this could lead
      to a marked destruction of the cochlear structures, and loss of the spiral
      ganglion cells.

PMID- 1097553
TI  - Leprosy of the upper respiratory tract. A clinical bacteriological,
      histopathological and histochemical study of twenty cases.
AB  - Twenty cases clinically diagnosed as leprosy were thoroughly examined for E.N.T.
      lesions. These lesions were subjected to bacteriological, histopathological and
      histochemical studies. The results have been tabulated and discussed with special
      stress on some findings which are of help in diagnosing the disease.

PMID- 1097554
TI  - CHEC: statewide implementation for Medicaid.

PMID- 1097555
TI  - Historical background of cancer control in Georgia.

PMID- 1097556
TI  - Poetry: an avocation, not a hobby (John Ransom Lewis).

PMID- 1097557
TI  - Accomplishments and goals of the Governor's office.

PMID- 1097559
TI  - Semi-automated ECG processing: A simple method to improve efficiency in ECG
      laboratories.
AB  - A method to expedite processing of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is described. The
      hardware configuration utilizes conventional equipment, and the ECG data is
      stored in magnetic data cards. The electrocardiographer's interpretation is made
      using a specially developed code of 253 diagnostic statements of 2 to 9 words
      each. A minicomputer converts the code into full alpha-numeric description and 2
      characters into English statements. The diagnostic print-out appears in the same
      page as the reproduction of the original ECG data. This system has significantly
      reduced the ECG processing time, freed manpower to increase availability of
      technicians and decreased the size of permanent files.

PMID- 1097558
TI  - P wave abnormalities in the orthogonal electrocardiogram: Correlation with
      ventricular overload in pulmonic and aortic valvular heart disease.
AB  - The correlation between several P wave measurements form the orthogonal
      electrocardiogram (SVEC III lead system) extracted by computer analysis and
      simple hemodynamic parameters related to ventricular dysfunction was studied in
      two groups of patients. Group I consisted of 32 patients with pulmonic valvular
      stenosis and intact interventricular septum. There was a significant correlation
      between electrocardiographic criteria of right atrial overload and the two
      hemodynamic parameters studied: peak pulmonic systolic pressure gradient and
      right ventricular end diastolic pressure (r = 0.502, p smaller than 0.005 and r =
      0.661, p smaller than 0.001 respectively). Group II consisted of 49 patients with
      aortic valve disease. In this group, a significant correlation between the
      electrocardiographic parameters of left atrial overload and the left ventricular
      end diastolic pressure could be demonstrated only be a multivariate regression
      analysis (r = 0.630, p smaller than 0.005). The P wave measurements that are well
      correlated with the ventricular end diastolic pressure can be considered as
      valuable criteria for atrial enlargement secondary to a decrease of ventricular
      compliance, such as seen in ventricular hypertrophy, failure or in ventricular
      constrictive or restrictive diseases. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of the
      influence of the ventricular overload (dysfunction) on the atrial function and
      the resulting P wave changes are discussed.

PMID- 1097560
TI  - Quantitative vectorcardiographic criteria for the differentiation between atrial
      septal defects of primum and secundum types.
AB  - From a population of 304 patients who were operated on for atrial septal defects,
      25 patients with primum defects and 78 patients with secundum defects were
      studied with regard to the ability of various quantitative axial lead
      vectorcardiographic (VCG) data to predict the anatomical type of defect. The
      patients included all in whom there had been preoperative doubt concerning the
      classification. By applying the electrocardiographic (ECG) mean frontal QRS axis,
      8 patients were erroneously classified, and 14 could not be classified because no
      definite QRS resultant was present in the frontal plane (diagnostic performance
      index 0.85). Several VCG criteria showed a better performance, the best being
      sums of 10 msec Y lead amplitudes from 20 to 50 msec after QRS onset. These
      criteria, which reflect the superior shift of the middle part of the QRS complex
      in primum defects, reduced the number of misclassifications to a minimum of 4
      (performance 0.96). A combination of this criterion with one based on the
      duration of the initial inferior QRS vectors gave some further improvement. This
      simple combination was not surpassed by classification performed by a stepwise
      discriminant analysis computer program (BMD 07M).

PMID- 1097561
TI  - Electrocardiographic screening by special purpose computer. Correlation with
      twelve-lead electrocardiogram.
AB  - An electrocardiometer (ECM) which computes the T/R ratio of Lead I and
      simultaneously prints out Lead I was used to screen 1,004 consecutive
      hospitalized patients for EKG abnormalities. When the combined meter and Lead I
      print out analyses were used, 77.9% of abnormal EKG's were identified with a
      false-positive rate of less than 4%. The method is highly specific for detecting
      EKG abnormalities associated with anterior and lateral left ventricular disease.
      It could be used as an inexpensive mass screening device for electrocardiographic
      risk factors associated with coronary disease.

PMID- 1097562
TI  - Proceedings: Placental lactogen secretion in the field vole (Microtus agrestis)
      and the bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus).

PMID- 1097563
TI  - The responsiveness of the anterior pituitary gland to luteinizing hormone
      releasing factor in rats exposed to constant light.
AB  - The responsiveness of the anterior pituitary gland to synthetic luteinizing
      hormone releasing factor (LH-RF) was tested in rats exposed to constant light. At
      a dosage of 50 ng LH-RF/100 g body wt the mean maximal increments in plasma LH
      and FSH were similar to those at 10.00 h of pro-oestrus. The increments in the
      plasma gonadotrophins at dosages of 500 and 1000 ng LH-RF/100 g body wt did not
      differ significantly from those at 250 ng LH-RF/100 g body wt. These findings
      suggest that, in contrast to rats which exhibit regular oestrous cycles, the
      preovulatory (post-coital) release of LH in rats exposed to constant light may
      depend almost entirely on the release of a relatively large amount of LH-RF into
      hypophysial portal vessel blood. Whereas in pro-oestrous animals a relatively
      small fraction of the readily releasable pool of LH is released during the
      spontaneous preovulatory surge, in rats exposed to constant light most releasable
      LH appears to be discharged during the reflex preovulatory surge of this hormone.
      The concentrations of radioimmunoassayable FSH in blood samples withdrawn before
      the injection of LH-RF support the view that FSH secretion in the rat is
      increased by constant exposure to light.

PMID- 1097564
TI  - Effect of castration on luteinizing hormone and luteinizing hormone releasing
      hormone in the male rat.

PMID- 1097565
TI  - Proceedings: Glucose-stimulated insulin release from human foetal islets grown in
      tissue culture for 10 days.

PMID- 1097566
TI  - Proceedings: Effect of gastrointestinal hormones on the phasic release on insulin
      from isolated islets of normal and obese hyperglycaemic mice.

PMID- 1097567
TI  - Proceedings: Concentration of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating
      hormone in pituitary and serum of male rats and the influence of luteinizing
      hormone releasing hormone in relation to sexual maturation.

PMID- 1097568
TI  - Proceedings: Changes in the luteinizing hormone-testosterone system of the male
      goat during the breeding season.

PMID- 1097569
TI  - The effects of minute direct electrical currents on cultured chick embryo
      trigeminal ganglia.
AB  - The effects of low levels of electric current were determined on organ cultures
      of 6- to 19-day-old chick embryo trigeminal ganglia. Current levels ranged from
      0.00115 to 11.5 nA/mm2; the time of electrical treatment varied from 2 h to 96 h.
      Low levels of electricity were found to have at least three major effects on this
      system of mixed cellular types: (1) Outgrowth of nerve fibers from the explant
      was enriched. This resulted in a greater number of fibers which were longer and
      more highly branched than those in control cultures. (2) Survival of neurons
      within the original explanted ganglion was enchanced by treatment with
      electricity. The presence of healthy neurons was found in 93.1% of the treated
      cultures and in 53.5% of untreated cultures. (3) Neurons, fibers and non-neural
      cells were stimulated to grow in the direction of the cathode. The rate of
      cathodal migration was calculated to be 0.1 mm/h (2.4 mm/day) in an explant from
      12-day-old embryo. No differences were observed between surviving treated and
      control cultures in histochemical tests for acetycholinesterase. A similarity
      between the action of low levels of electrical current and nerve growth factor
      (NGF) is suggested.

PMID- 1097570
TI  - Histocompatibility studies in a closely bred colony of dogs. V. Mechanisms of
      cellular adaptation in long-term DL-A identical radiation chimeras.
AB  - 20 Cooperstown beagles of known DL-A genotypes (B" dogs) were exposed to
      supralethal total body irradiation and received a bone marrow allograft from a DL
      A identical donor (A" dog); the resulting chimeras have survived uneventfully for
      882, 1466 days, with no evidence of secondary disease, and have been tolerant to
      kidney and skin allografts obtained from the donor of marrow. Treatment of "A"
      dogs with serum obtained from their long-term "B" chimeras had no significant
      effect upon the ability of the recipients to reject "B" skin allografts...

PMID- 1097571
TI  - C1q deviation test for the detection of immune complexes, aggregates of IgG, and
      bacterial products in human serum.
AB  - This report describes a new, rapid, sensitive, and quantitative method for the
      detection of immune complexes, endotoxins, and other complement activating
      materials in patients sera utilizing the ability of these substances to react
      with isolated C1q. The procedure is based on the inhibition of radiolabeled C1q
      binding to sensitized sheep erythrocytes by C1q-reactive substances in
      pathological sera. The C1q deviation test may be performed on 50 mu1 of serum,
      using 1 mug of radiolabeled C1q per sample. The procedure may be completed in 1.5
      2 h, it is capable of detecting 5 mug of aggregated human IgG per ml of serum,
      and its coefficient of variation is 4.2%. Application of the test to the study of
      193 sera from 43 patients with Dengue hemorrhagic fever showed a positive
      correlation between degree of C1q deviation and severity of disease.

PMID- 1097573
TI  - Multiple mouse-protective antibodies directed against group B streptococci.
      Special reference to antibodies effective against protein antigens.
AB  - The data presented in this paper establish the finding that multiple specific
      protective antibodies exist in rabbits in response to immunization with Group B
      streptococci. The summary in Table I indicates the serological types into which
      Group B streptococci have been divided on the basis of their antigenic
      composition. This classification is dependent upon passive protection of mice
      with antibodies directed against the specific antigens, and types are defined in
      these terms. Heretofore, it was thought that type-specific polysaccharides
      accounted for all such protection in Group B streptococci. Certain exceptions of
      cross-protection between types due to minor polysaccharide determinants soon
      appeared; cross-protection reactions based on protein determinants in at least
      two types were also discovered. The present experiments show that specific
      antibodies directed to either polysaccharide or protein antigens of a single
      strain can be protective against infection with streptococci containing these
      antigens.

PMID- 1097572
TI  - The modulation of lymphocyte functions by molecules secreted by macrophages. I.
      Description and partial biochemical analysis.
AB  - Culture fluids of peritoneal exudate cells rich in macrophages stimulated DNA
      synthesis of thymocytes and, to lesser extent, of spleen cells. We also
      investigated the effects of culture fluids from macrophages on the in vitro
      response to a hapten-carrier protein (fluorescein-menocyanin) using spleen cells
      from immune mice. Macrophage culture fluids contained an activity that increased
      the plaque-forming cell response of both IgG and IgM class. This increase was
      observed in the absence of any added hapten protein to the culture. The helper
      function of T lymphocytes (as evidenced by challenging with the hapten on the
      homologous carrier) was also increased by the macrophage culture fluid. However,
      this enhancement was best observed in conditions of relatively low T-cell
      activity. Also, the macrophage fluid allowed spleen cells of nude athymic mice to
      make a plaque-forming cell response to sheep red blood cells of both the IgM and
      IgG class. The macrophage was the cell source of the stimulatory molecule since
      it was generated only in cultures of macrophages devoid of significant number of
      lymphocytes. Stimulatory activity was not found in cultures of lymphocytes, mouse
      embryo cells, or 3T3 cells. The thymocyte stimulatory molecule did not contain H
      2 antigens, was resistant to diisopropylfluorophosphate treatment, eluted from
      Sephadex with a size ranging from 15,000 to 21,000 daltons, and was sensitive to
      chymotrypsin and pepsin.

PMID- 1097574
TI  - Histoincompatibility and maternal immunological status as determinants of
      fetoplacental weight and litter size in rodents.
AB  - Studies conducted upon inbred strains of mice, hamsters and rats have shown that
      following the interstrain matings the now familiar covert reactivity of pregnant
      females to the alloantigens of their conceptuses may benefit the latter in two
      ways; firstly, it exerts a significant influence upon placental weight, and
      indirectly upon the birth weight of the fetus-allogeneic placentas tending to be
      heavier than syngeneic placentas, and mothers specifically presensitized against
      alien paternal tissue antigens gestate fetuses with heavier placentas than normal
      females. Specifically tolerant mothers, on the other hand, produce smaller, F1
      hybrid, fetoplacental (fp) units. The classic notion that the disparity between
      the birth weights of F1 hybrid and homozygous offspring is due to hybrid vigor
      has been challenged by the finding that DA and (DA times F1)F1 hybrid blastocysts
      transferred to the uteri of genetically tolerant (DA times F1)F1 hybrid rats
      produce fp units of similar weight Maternal immunological reactivity against the
      fetus qua allograft may make a significant contribution here. Additional support
      for the premise that maternal reactivity against fetal alloantigens in some way
      promotes the growth of the fp unit was afforded by the finding that excision of
      the para-aortic lymph nodes (which drain the uterine horns) from females before
      interstrain matings resulted in smaller fp units than in females subjected to
      sham operations. The finding with one rat strain combination that passive
      immunization of females with serum against their F1 hybrid conceptuses promoted
      the growth of the latter suggests that a humoral rather than a cellular immunity
      may be involved. Secondly, in the three species studied, it was observed that
      genetic disparity between a conceptus and its mother significantly improved its
      chances of implantation and development to term.

PMID- 1097575
TI  - Genetical control of B-cell responses. IV. Inheritance of the unresponsiveness to
      lipopolysaccharides.
AB  - The inheritance of B-cell responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was studied
      in 55 crosses between mice of the low-responder strain C3H/HeJ and the high
      responder strains B10.5M and C3H/Tif. F1 hybrid mice between the low-and the high
      responder strains, showed in every case responses which were intermediate between
      the responses obtained with each parent. The responsiveness among F2 hybrid and
      backcross mice to either high- or low-responder parents, segregated into
      intermediate, high, or low categories, respectively. The present results are
      compatible with the hypothesis that responsiveness to LPS is determined by one
      single, codominantly expressed, autosomal gene. The capacity to develop a
      specific thymus-independent response to a hapten-LPS conjugate, also under
      genetical control, was found to segregate together with the capacity to develop
      polyclonal responses to LPS.

PMID- 1097576
TI  - Distribution of fibroblast surface antigen in the developing chick embryo.
AB  - Fibroblast surface (SE) antigen is present in fibrillar surface structures of
      cultured normal fibroblasts, shed to the extracellular medium, and is also found
      in circulation (serum and plasma). Malignant fibroblasts (transformed by viruses)
      do not express SF antigen on the cell surface. In this study the in vivo
      differentiation and distribution of SF antigen has been investigated in the
      developing chick embryo using cryostat sections and immunofluorescence. The major
      findings were: (a) SF antigen was detectable in the loose connective tissue of
      very early (2-to 3-day old) embryos. (b) Condensation of SF antigen was seen in
      various boundary membranes such as the glomerular and tubular basement membranes
      of the kidney, the boundary membranes of the notochord, yolk sac, and vitelline
      membranes and liver sinusoids. (c) SF antigen was found to be cell-type specific.
      It was seen as a fibrillar network in the loose connective tissue of different
      organs but not in the parenchymal cells. It was not found in muscle cells at any
      stage of development. (d) The antigen was present in the undifferentiated
      mesenchymal cells of the kidney; but not found after their development into
      epithelial cells of the secretory tubules. (e) Both in vivo and in fibroblast
      cultures SF antigen was distributed as a fibrillar network. These data indicate
      that SF antigen is a "differentiation antigen" restricted to certain cells of
      mesenchymal origin and character, and that is accumulates in the connective
      tissue during embryogenesis.

PMID- 1097577
TI  - In vitro selection and extended culture of antigen-specific T lymphocytes. I.
      Description of selection culture procedure and initial characterization of
      selected cells.
AB  - Specific selection of antigen-responsive guinea pig peritoneal exudate
      lymphocytes (PELs) was achieved by a selection culture procedure. This procedure
      involved the addition of PELs from immune donors to monolayers of antigen-pulsed
      adherent peritoneal exudate cells from nonprimed syngeneic donors. PELs which
      failed to adhere were discarded at 24 and 48 h; after 1 wk of culture,
      lymphocytes were obtained which were highly responsive to the antigen for which
      they were selected but which demonstrated little or no response to other antigens
      to which the original donor of the lymphocyte was immune. These selected cells
      were largely T lymphocytes and could be maintained in culture for 2-5 wk in an
      antigen-responsive state and, in 20-30% of cases, for 8-10 wk in an antigen
      independent state.

PMID- 1097579
TI  - Hematospermia.
AB  - During a 15-year period, 200 patients with hematospermia were seen at the Mayo
      Clinic. General physical examination, including digital rectal palpation and
      urinalysis, was performed on all 200 patients. Of these, 26 had no additional
      urologic evaluation. In the remaining 174 patients, cystoscopy and K.U.B.
      roentgenography were done. The results of urologic evaluation in the 174 patients
      revealed various minor abnormalities in 64; however, in no instance was there
      significant urologic disease. During follow-up of five to 23 years in 150 of the
      174 patients, 106 had no further hematospermia whereas 44 had recurring
      hematospermia, which persisted in some for more than ten years. None of these
      patients developed any significant disease related to the hematospermia. In our
      experience, the occurrence of hematospermia in an otherwise asymptomatic man with
      normal findings on physical examination, including digital rectal examination,
      seems not to be associated with the presence of, and does not lead to future
      development of, significant urologic disease.

PMID- 1097578
TI  - Selective utilization of clinical diagnosis in treatment of pharyngitis.
AB  - Exudate, adenopathy, and fever were used to predict clinically whether
      pharyngitis was streptococcal, nonstreptococcal, or questionable in 466 adults
      and 234 children. Clinical accuracy was: nonstreptococcal - adults 94.6 percent,
      children 86.9 percent; streptococcal - adults 44.2 percent, children 53.5
      percent. Significance of results was determined by calculating the cost of
      routine cultures compared to risk of rheumatic fever. The economic justification
      of cultures was lowest in nonstreptococcal adults, streptococcal adults, and
      streptococcal children. Therapy of streptococcal patients presented an additional
      risk: anaphylaxis. The fatality risk after penicillin injection compared to the
      increased risk of rheumatic fever after oral penicillin is: adults 7.5 percent
      (clinical diagnosis), 3.3 percent (laboratory diagnosis); children 1.8 percent
      and 0.8 percent respectively. It is recommended that throat culture be obtained
      for all questionable patients and clinically nonstreptococcal children.
      Penicillin should be administered orally in the majority of adults.

PMID- 1097580
TI  - A critical review of periodic health screening using specific screening criteria.
      3. Selected diseases of the genitourinary system.
AB  - Despite the increasing interest in recent years in prevention and early
      recognition of asymptomatic disease, an objectively based program for periodic
      health screening of asymptomatic adults has yet to be proposed for the primary
      care physician. This is the third in a series of four articles which will
      critically examine the feasibility of screening procedures for 36 selected
      diseases. Six basic criteria are adopted as necessary to justify periodic
      screening. Specific screening recommendations are made for each disease, and a
      longitudinal screening program for asymptomatic adults will be proposed in the
      concluding article of this series.

PMID- 1097582
TI  - The effect of chloral hydrate upon mitosis in Aspergillus nidulans.

PMID- 1097581
TI  - A synthetic strand of cardiac muscle: its passive electrical properties.
AB  - The passive electrical properties of synthetic strands of cardiac muscle, grown
      in tissue culture, were studied using two intracellular microelectrodes: one to
      inject a rectangular pulse of current and the other to record the resultant
      displacement of membrane potential at various distances from the current source.
      In all preparations, the potential displacement, instead of approaching a steady
      value as would be expected for a cell with constant electrical properties,
      increased slowly with time throughout the current step. In such circumstances,
      the specific electrical constants for the membrane and cytoplasm must not be
      obtained by applying the usual methods, which are based on the analytical
      solution of the partial differential equation describing a one-dimensional cell
      with constant electrical properties. A satisfactory fit of the potential
      waveforms was, however, obtained with numerical solutions of a modified form of
      this equation in which the membrane resistance increased linearly with time. Best
      fits of the waveforms from 12 preparations gave the following values for the
      membrane resistance times unit length, membrane capacitance per unit length, and
      for the myoplasmic resistance: 1.22 plus or minus 0.13 x 10-5 omegacm, 0.224 plus
      or minus 0.023 uF with cm-minus 1, and 1.37 plus or minus 0.13 x 10-7 omegacm
      minus 1, respectively. The value of membrane capacitance per unit length was
      close to that obtained from the time constant of the foot of the action potential
      and was in keeping with the generally satisfactory fit of the recorded waveforms
      with solutions of the cable equation in which the membrane impedance is that of a
      single capacitor and resistor in parallel. The area of membrane per unit length
      and the cross-sectional area of myoplasm at any given length of the preparation
      were determined from light and composite electron micrographs, and these were
      used to calculate the following values for the specific electrical membrane
      resistance, membrane capacitance, and the resistivity of the cytoplasm: 20.5 plus
      or minus 3.0 x 10-3 omegacm-2, l.54 plus or minus 0.24 uFWITHcm-minus 2, and 180
      plus or minus 34 omegacm, respectively.

PMID- 1097583
TI  - Missense suppression in Coprinus lagopus associated wtih a chromosome
      duplication.
AB  - Amongst some 70 recessive suppressors of a met-I mutation in Coprinus lagopus,
      one unstable suppressor was identified. The unstable suppressor, designated sup
      6plus, could be maintained on minimal medium, but was lost within 24h on minimal
      medium containing more than 1-7 p.p.m. DL-methionine or 0-75 p.p.m. L-methionine.
      Isolation of hyphal tips from the monokaryotic strain carrying sup-6plus yielded
      three types of colony: the unstable parental type, the stable met-I auxotroph and
      a stable prototroph which was slow-growing and inhibited by methionine in the
      growth medium. This stable sup-6plus type was recovered with difficulty by
      resolving dikaryons formed between the unstable sup-6plus strain and strains
      carring the wild-type allele of the suppressor gene. From sexual crosses, neither
      the unstable nor stable sup-6plus type segregated, only the met-I auxotrophic
      revertant. The unstable sup-6plus strain is thought to have an extra chromosome
      carrying the sup-6plus mutation. For vigorous growth the wild-type allele, sup-6,
      is indispensable and would be carried on the homologous chromosome. The selective
      pressures on different media account for loss of the duplicated chromosomes. The
      results are interpreted as missense suppression by a mutant of an indispensable
      tRNA.

PMID- 1097584
TI  - A novel actinomycete from sugar-cane bagasse: Saccharopolyspora hirsuta gen. et.
      sp. nov.
AB  - A new species of nocardioform actinomycete isolated from spontaneously heated
      sugar-cane bagasse is described as Saccharopolyspora hirsuta gen. et sp. nov. It
      has affinities with species of both Nocardia and Actinomadura but can be
      distinguished from both genera by its morphology, sporulation, wall and lipid
      analyses, antibiotic resistance, degradation and carbon utilzation tests.

PMID- 1097585
TI  - Purification and Characterization of two bacteriocins from Streptococcus faecium.
AB  - Two bacteriocins were found in the supernatant fluid and in an extract of
      Streptococcus faecium strain EI. The small soluble enterocin EIA represented more
      than 90% of the total activity in the supernatant fluid, and was purified 400
      fold by ammonium sulphate fractionation, gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and
      chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. Enterocin EIB, with a particle weight greater
      than 4 x 10(6), was the predominant type in the extract. It was released in
      appreciable quantities after breakage of the bacteria and was purified 100-fold
      by differential centrifugation, chromatography on Sepharose 4B and density
      gradient ultracentrifugation. Enterocin EIA, a basic substance with a molecular
      weight of about 10000, was resistant to heat and was attacked by trypsin, whereas
      enterocin EIB was less thermostable and insensitive to proteolytic enzymes. The
      activity of enterocin EIB was unchanged by treatment with DNAase. Sensitivity to
      enterocin action was confined to certain strains of various enterococcus species,
      Streptococcus salivarius and Listeria monocytogenes; all the other Gram-positive
      and Gram-negative bacteria tested for sensitivity were unaffected by either
      enterocin.

PMID- 1097586
TI  - Extremely thermophilic gram-negative bacteria from hot tap water.
AB  - Two strains of heterotrophic, non-motile, Gram-negative extreme thermophiles have
      been isolated from hot tap water. These strains (NH and DI) have been
      characterized and compared with strains of genus Thermus. Few of the single
      organic compounds tested supported growth in the presence of ammonium salts, and,
      like Thermus strains, growth on undefined media was restricted to dilute tryptone
      yeast extract-mineral salt solutions. Nutrients agar and similar common
      laboratory media did not support growth. The growth rate was similar to that of
      Thermus strains, as was the unusual pattern of antibiotic resistance. Mean base
      composition of NH was 61-4% guanine plus cytosine (G+C), and DI was 62-0 to 62-2%
      G+C, which are several per cent lower than  the G+C contents of other strains so
      far described.

PMID- 1097587
TI  - Modification of the membrane composition of Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri by
      the growth medium.
AB  - Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri was grown in different media. The amounts of the
      lipids in these media were varied, resulting in altered lipid compositions of the
      cells. Lowering the amounts of cholesterol in the media resulted in less
      cholesterol incorporation into the cell lipid, with a concomitant decrease in the
      amount of phospholipid. The changes in the phospholipid/cholesterol ratio in the
      mycoplasmas were very small compared with the large changes in the amounts of
      cholesterol which occurred when the cholesterol content in the medium was
      altered. Changes in the amounts of glycolipid and glyceride in the cell lipid
      also resulted from alterations of the cholesterol concentration in the media.
      Under these conditions cell with reduced cholesterol contents were more sensitive
      to lysis by digitonin. No changes were observed in the polyacrylamide gel
      electrophoretic pattern of cellular or membrane proteins when the cholesterol was
      replaced by other sterols.

PMID- 1097588
TI  - Formation of reducing sugars from sucrose by Erwinia species.

PMID- 1097589
TI  - Two-step doubling of synchronous cultures of Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 1097590
TI  - Genetics of a primaquin-resistant yeast.
AB  - Primaquin specifically inhibits mitochondrial function in yeast. Mutants
      resistant to primaquin have been isolated. Genetic analysis revealed that the
      expression of resistance in one of them was under the control of both a nuclear
      gene and a cytoplasmic factor (possibly a mitochondrial gene).

PMID- 1097591
TI  - Sex pili as immunogens.
AB  - Groups of chickens were vaccinated intravenously with live cultures of
      Escherichia coli K12 possessing transfer factors F, I, A2 or no transfer factor
      (Tra-minus) and their immunity challenged by injecting them intravenously with an
      F-plus strain of Salmonella heidelberg or an F-plus or I-plus strain of
      Salmonella typhimurium. Compared with the Tra-minus strain, vaccination with the
      F-plus, but not the I-plus or A2-plus, K12 strain significantly reduced the
      mortality rate caused by the F-plus salmonella strains; vaccination with the I
      plus or A2-plus, but not the F-plus, K12 strain significantly reduced the
      mortality rate caused by the I-plus salmonella strain.

PMID- 1097593
TI  - Indirect evidence for cell wall and membrane differences between filamentous
      swarming cells and short non-swarming cells of Proteus mirabilis.

PMID- 1097592
TI  - A comparison of analytical methods for the numerical taxonomy of yeasts.
AB  - Four methods of numerical analysis were tested to assess the taxonomic
      relationships of species of yeasts in 20 genera using characters obtained from
      standard descriptions. Relationships varied according to the analytical method
      employed. It is suggested that a reduction in the present number of genera may be
      necessary to justify the taxonomic rank of genus.

PMID- 1097594
TI  - A new technique for recovering bacteria stored in liquid nitrogen.

PMID- 1097595
TI  - Genetical studies of serum resistance in Escherichia coli.
AB  - One induced and one spontaneous serum-resistant mutant were derived from smooth
      serum-sensitive Escherichia coli strains. There was little difference in the
      yield or the O-side-chain-sugar to core-sugar ratio of lipopolysaccharides from
      the mutants compared with the parental strains. The mutations to serum resistance
      were not accompanied by increases in either the amount or haemagglutination
      inhibiting activity of acidic polysaccharides extracted from the strains. Two
      colonially rough forms, designated 17fa and 17gb, were isolated from an aged
      culture of serum-resistant mutant 17. Escherichia coli 17fa appeared to be a som
      mutant and was rapidly killed by serum. Escherichia coli 17gb retained
      serological O-specificity, and 17gb lipopolysaccharide contained a full
      complement of O-side-chains; the strain was killed by serum but only after a
      delay of 1 h. Escherichia coli K-negative O8 donor Hfr59, which was serum
      resistant, was crossed with rough serum-sensitive E. coli strain F470 and his+
      recombinants were selected. The majority of his-+ recombinants inherited a full
      complement of lipopolysaccharide O-side-chains but were killed by serum after a
      delay of 1 to 2 h. These results suggest that lipopolysaccharide O-side-chains
      are responsible for a delay in the killing by normal human serum of smooth E.
      coli strains but that other factors determine full serum resistance. No evidence
      was found of a role for K-antigens in serum resistance.

PMID- 1097596
TI  - Therapeutic reversal with benxtropine in schizophrenics. Practical and
      theoretical significance.
AB  - The effect of an anticholinergic antiparkinsonism drug, benztropine, on the
      therapeutic course of neuroleptic treatment in 18 schizophrenics was investigated
      in a double blind cross-over study involving haloperidol and chlorpromazine.
      Significant therapeutic reversal was observed with benztropine in terms of the
      social, affective,and cognitive dysfunctions chracteristically seen in
      schizophrenic psychosis. The hallucinatory behavior and disturbed attention were
      not so affected. The aspects of the clinical picture to show significant
      nontherapeutic change with benxtropine differed with the stage of treatment and
      seemed to be determined by the kinetics of the therapeutic process. The effect
      was one of exacerbation of the disorder and not a toxic confusional state
      sometimes associated with anticholinergic drugs. The practical and theoretical
      significance of these findings was discussed. It was suggested that the
      benztropine reversal of therapeutic changes provided a valuable pharmacological
      model for understanding the neurobiological basis of schizophrenic decompensation
      and its restitution with neuroleptics. The reported data were considered as
      indirect evidence suggesting that cholinergic neuronal mechnisms are involved in
      both of these processes. It was speculated that these mechanisms may well be the
      cholinergic suppressor systems, such as the periventricular catecholamine
      pathways in the limbic organization and bsal ganglia known to be affected by
      neuroleptics.

PMID- 1097597
TI  - The effects of electrosleep on insomnia revisited.
AB  - Ten subjects who had suffered from sleep onset insomnia for a minimun of 2 years
      participated in a double blind study of the effects of electrosleep on this
      disorder.  This paper reports a 2-year follow-up of these subjects.  Of the five
      subjects who received 24 live treatments, four appeared to be able to fall asleep
      with little difficulty and to awake feeling moderately to very well rested.  Only
      one appeared to have relapsed during the 2-year-no-treatment period.  Of those
      receiving sham treatment four were having quite a bit of difficulty falling
      asleep but three of the five awoke feeling moderately well rested.  Although the
      number of subjects is small, the trends appear consistent with the interpretation
      that sleep habits were improved for most of the real treatment subjects and for
      few of those receiving sham treatment.

PMID- 1097598
TI  - Plasma concentrations of L-dopa and 3-methoxydopa and improvement in clinical
      ratings and motor performance in patients with Parkinsonism treated with L-dopa
      alone or in combination with amantadine.
AB  - Six patients with idiopathic Parkinsonism were treated with a combination of
      amantadine and L-dopa and after 12 to 24 weeks amantadine was replaced by placebo
      for a six week period in a double-blind trial. Although there was a tendency for
      clinical disability ratings and scores on objective ratings of motor skills to
      deteriorate initially after amantadine removal, there was no significant
      deterioration in clinical improvement or motor performance during the period of
      amantadine withdrawal. Amantadine withdrawal also failed to cause any significant
      change in plasma concentrations of L-dopa or its metabolite 3-methoxy-dopa in
      these patients. In a group of 27 patients seen regularly as outpatients
      measurements of plasma L-dopa failed to correlate significantly with either oral
      dose or with clinical improvement scores. The plasma concentration of 3-methoxy
      dopa, however, was on average 2.8 times higher than that of L-dopa, and there was
      a significant correlation between plasma levels of this metabolite and clinical
      improvement. It is suggested that 3-methoxy-dopa may contribute significantly to
      the therapeutic actions of L-dopa in Parkinsonism.

PMID- 1097599
TI  - Epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in England and Wales.
AB  - Some aspects of the epidemiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in England and
      Wales in the decade 1964-73 were studied with the object of detecting evidence of
      natural transmission of this slow virus encephalopathy. Some geographical
      clustering and possibility of contact between cases was found.

PMID- 1097600
TI  - Amphetamines in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with Parkinsonism were treated with levoamphetamine and 12 of
      these with dextroamphetamine. Levoamphetamine resulted in a significant
      improvement in disability from Parkinsonism, although the reduction in total
      disability, tremor, akinesia, and rigidity scores was slight (ca 20 percent).
      Dextroamphetamine in lower dosage also reduced disability by some 17 percent. The
      most disabled patients, including those also on levodopa, showed the greatest
      response to amphetamines. Previously, amphetamines have been reported to be a
      selective treatment for the oculogyric crises of post-encephalitic Parkinsonism.
      Amphetamines are thought to cause the release of catecholamines from central
      neurones. Their action in Parkinson's disease may be limited because of pre
      existing striatal dopamine deficiency. Side-effects of amphetamines, anorexia,
      and CNS stimulation are different from those caused by levodopa in patients with
      Parkinson's disease.

PMID- 1097601
TI  - Intraventricular cryptococcal granuloma.
AB  - A case is reported of a cryptococcal granuloma occurring within the lateral
      ventricle. The findings on angiography and brain-scanning led to a preoperative
      diagnosis of intraventricular meningioma. There are no previous reports of an
      isotope brain-scan in this condition and angiography usually shows an avascular
      swelling.

PMID- 1097602
TI  - Clinical syndromes of arteriovenous malformations of the transverse-sigmoid
      sinus.
AB  - Arteriovenous malformations or fistulae shunting arterial blood from branches of
      the external and internal carotid and vertebral arteries into the transverse
      sigmoid sinus may produce different clinical syndromes. The literature is
      reviewed with 96 patients including six personal cases. Usually these
      malformations have a congenital origin and only in 4% of the series was there a
      previous history of a severe head injury. Clinical groups are defined and the
      role of angiography assessed. Direct surgical approach with occlusion or removal
      of the vascular malformation is the treatment of choice. Possible methods of
      treatment by selective embolization are discussed.

PMID- 1097603
TI  - A phenothiazine derivative in the treatment of spasticity.
AB  - The efficacy of a selective fusimotor suppressant, the phenothiazine (+/-)-10-3
      dimethylamino-2-methylpropyl)-2-valeroylphenothiazine, has been assessed in a
      double-blind crossover trail in eight patients suffering from cerebral spasticity
      and one patient suffering from spinal spasticity. Dosage was 40 mg daily.
      Independent clinical and electromyographic methods of assessment were used. The
      active agent produced a small but significant reduction in spasticity, although
      this was of clinical value in only a few patients. There were few side-effects.
      It is recommended that further studies using higher dosages be undertaken.

PMID- 1097604
TI  - Cyclophosphamide in exacerbations of multiple sclerosis. Therapeutic trial and a
      strategy for pilot drug studies.
AB  - Cyclophosphamide (CY) has been shown to reverse the signs of experimental
      allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) even after the onset of neurological deficits.
      Because of the analogy of EAE to exacerbations of multiple sclerosis (MS) a
      clinical trial of CY in acute MS exacerbations was undertaken. A 'sequential
      criterion' method was used to minimize the size of sample needed for this pilot
      study. CY failed to alter significantly the course of acute exacerbations of MS.
      Possible reasons for this failure, and the value of the sequential criterion
      method in pilot studies, are discussed.

PMID- 1097605
TI  - Cerebral haemorrhages with atypical clinical patterns. A study of cerebral
      haematomasusing CSF spectrophotometry and computerized transverse axial
      tomography ("EMI scanning").
AB  - Twelve patients with 13 cerebrovascular incidents presenting with atypical
      clincial patterns where thecombination of CSF  spectrophotometry (CSF-SPE) and
      computerized transverse axialtomogrpahy(CTAT, "EMI-scanning") showed cerebral
      haematomas, with or without haemorrhage into the CSFare reported. The high
      diagnostic significance of SDF-SPE as well as the value of using a combination of
      CSF-SPE and CTAT examinations in cerebrovascular disease has preveiouslybeen 
      established by the authors. The present patient group comprised some 10% of a
      totalseries of patients with cerebrovascular disease hitherto studied in this
      fashion. Conclusive findings were found in only 1 fo the 5 cases examined by
      angiography and in none of the5 cases studied by isotope scan. Since many
      cerebral haemorrhages obviosly haveatypical clincalfeatures as compared with the
      "classical" pattern, the combined use of CSF-SPE and CTAT examinations in the
      diagnosis of cerebral haematomas is a prereguisite for rational therapy.

PMID- 1097606
TI  - Ligation of the vertebral (unilateral or bilateral) or basilar artery in the
      treatment of large intracranial aneurysms.
AB  - The author reports the use of vertebral artery ligation, unilateral and
      bilateral, for the treatment of large vertebral-basilar aneurysms in 14 patients
      with one delayed death. Extracranial ligation was carried out unilaterally with a
      Selverstone clamp in three patients. In two, where the aneurysm filled only from
      one vertebral artery, there was extensive thrombosis within the sac and dramatic
      clinical improvement after decompression. Extracranial ligation was done
      bilaterally in three patients, temporarily in two. A 14-year-old boy is well
      after 5 years but the bilateral vertebrobasilar aneurysm did not undergo
      extensive thrombosis until both vertebral arteries were occluded at their
      intracranial entrance above collateral flow. In two others, the clamp had to be
      reopened on the second artery. In one patient, death from delayed thrombosis of a
      huge aneurysm and pontine infarction might have been prevented with
      anticoagulants. In the other, the aneurysm ruptured again fatally 18 months
      later. Unilateral intracranial occlusion of a vertebral artery was done in eight
      cases, with no morbidity and complete or nearly complete thrombosis in all but
      one aneurysm. Seven patients had excellent or good results while one showed
      little recovery from an existing medullary syndrome. Occlusion of the basilar
      artery was done in seven cases. In five it was used deliberately as the only
      treatment, but in two it was forced when an aneurysm burst during dissection.
      Only two of the patients in the first group and one of the second group have made
      complete recoveries. The results of vertebral artery occlusion are encouraging
      and the technique deserves further consideration. Extensive collateral
      circulation enhances the safety of cervical vertebral artery occlusion but can be
      of a degree to make the occlusion ineffective. For intracranial occlusion
      knowledge of the size and distribution of each vertebral artery is essential.
      Occlusion of the basilar artery is dangerous, although it seems to be effective
      in producing extensive thrombosis in the aneurysm. It should probably be done
      under anesthesia only when the artery fills spontaneously from the carotid
      circulation. Otherwise, even when reasonable posterior communicating arteries are
      demonstrated, it is best to test occlusion under local anesthesia.

PMID- 1097607
TI  - Scintiphotography in diagnosis of urinary fistula after renal transplantation.
AB  - Scintiphotographic studies in six patients with ureteral fistula following renal
      transplantation are presented. Images were obtained using 99m-Tc-Sn-DTPA or 131-I
      orthoiodohippurate. Urinary leakage was accurately detected in each case but the
      pattern of extravasation is highly variable. When carefully performed,
      radionuclide scintiphotography is a safe and effective method for detecting
      urinary leakage after renal transplantation.

PMID- 1097609
TI  - The bonding of a polymeric fissure sealant to topical fluoride-treated teeth.
AB  - The tensile bond strength of a polymeric fissure sealant to enamel treated with a
      variety of topical fluorides was determined. Application of acidulated phosphate
      fluoride solutions (APF) prior to and after acid etching reduces the tensile bond
      strength of Nuva Seal from 36-6+/-9-0 kg/cm2 to 4-9+/-3-3 kg/cm2 and 23-8+/-6-3
      kg/cm2 respectively. The treatment of the etched enamel with freshly prepared 8%
      stannous fluoride solution prior to Nuva Seal application significantly increases
      the tensile bond strength to 55-7+/-17-1 kg/cm2. It is recommended that clinical
      procedures such as the application of fissure sealants, acid etch composite
      restorations and the direct attachment of orthodontic brackets, all of which
      involve etching of the enamel, should not be precedded by the topical application
      of APF solutions.

PMID- 1097608
TI  - Effect of obstructed mediastinal venous return on dynamic brain blood flow
      studies: Case report.
AB  - Three patients are described who had unusual isotope brain flow studies in which
      the injected isotope refluxed into the internal jugular vein, entered the
      transverse dural sinuses, and returned proximally to a variable extent through
      the contralateral internal jugular vein. Mediastinal flow studies revealed
      obstructed pathways of venous return in the upper mediastinum. One patient had
      lymphoma, another had had a pneumonectomy, and the third had no demonstrable
      disease process to explain the flow pattern. The internal jugular-cerebral system
      apparently permits reversal of flow in the presence of unilateral obstruction
      proximal to the internal jugular vein.

PMID- 1097610
TI  - Relationship of the maxillary central incisors and canines to the incisive
      papilla.
AB  - Four hundred and thirty dentulous casts in normal alignment and Angle's Class I
      Relationship were examined. The results indicated a relationship between arch
      shape and the incisive papilla. The suggestion is made that in the preliminary
      location of the anterior teeth during construction of full dentures, the average
      distance of incisors and canines from the incisive papilla could be used as
      starting points.

PMID- 1097611
TI  - Carisoprodol in the treatment of myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome.
AB  - The effects of carisoprodol and a placebo were compared in a sample of 60
      patients with the clinical diagnosis of myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome
      using double-blind design.  Carisoprodol failed to show a significantly greater
      effect than the placebo.  The side effects were about the same with both agents.

PMID- 1097613
TI  - Hyperacute rejection of guinea-pig to rat cardiac xenografts. I. Morphology.
AB  - The morphological changes occurring in xenograft hyperacute rejection, using
      guinea-pig to rat cardiac transplants, have been studied. Ultrastructural
      evidence of platelet aggregation in myocardial capillaries and veins first
      occurred two minutes after revascularisation. Small amounts of fibrin, associated
      with platelet degranulation occurred at three minutes. From four minutes,
      platelet aggregates increased in number and endothelial damage first appeared in
      those vessels containing platelet aggregates. Rejection was complete by 12
      minutes and platelet aggregates then filled many capillaries, veins, arterioles
      and arteries. Polymorphonuclear leucocyte infiltration was not seen.

PMID- 1097612
TI  - The testis in mice infected with Mycobacterium leprae.
AB  - Following inoculation either locally or intravenously with Mycobact. leprae of
      human origin, the histopathology and bacteriology of the testis in experimental
      mice is described. Normal mice, and mice rendered immunologically deficient by
      thymectomy and whole-body irradiation, were studied. Attention is drawn to a
      heavy bacillation of the testis in mice from both groups. Bacilli were found in
      and beneath the tunica albuginea, but mainly in interstitial cells and in
      macrophages surrounding the tubules. The percentage of solidly staining bacilli
      was high, and globi were frequent. The study showed that the testis in mice is
      particularly favourable for the lodgement and multiplication of Mycobact. laprae
      following either local or intravenous inoculation. The significance of this in
      relation to the metabolism of the leprosy bacillus and to the frequent occurrence
      of testicular damage in the lepromatous male patient is discussed. This work was
      supported by grants to A. G. M. Weddell and A. C. McDougall from the Medical
      Research Council and the British Leprosy Relief Association (LEPRA).

PMID- 1097615
TI  - Inadequacies in the pharmacologic management of ambulatory children.
AB  - The compliance with treatment of acute otitis media in 300 pediatric outpatients
      was evaluated. Complete compliance in taking prescribed antibiotics was noted in
      7.3% of the patients. Pharmacists dispensed less than prescribed amounts of
      antibiotics to 15% of patients. Bottles were incorrectly labeled 3% of the time.
      Volumes of 130 "teaspoons" examined varied from 2 to 9 ml. Parental understanding
      of the illness and of the effects of medication was inadequate and erroneous in
      many instances. Parents gave fewer than the prescribed number of doses in 36% of
      cases, and therapy was discontinued early in 37%. Recommendations for improving
      the quality of therapy for ambulatory pediatric patients are outlined.

PMID- 1097614
TI  - Development of preschool-aged children of different social and ethnic groups:
      implications for developmental screening.
AB  - The developmental status of 1,180 children representing a cross section of
      Denver's ethnic and parental occupational groups was compared with that of 1,055
      children (349 Anglo, 354 Spanish surname, and 352 Black) whose parents were
      unskilled workers. The children varied in age from 2 weeks to 6.4 years and were
      evaluated with the Denver developmental screening test. Comparisons were made in
      developmental achievements as reflected by individual item differences for Anglo
      children from unskilled families with Anglos from cross-sectional families. A
      second comparison of Anglo, Spanish, and Black children of the unskilled sample
      was also made. The first analysis comparing 910 Anglo children from the cross
      sectional sample with 349 Anglo children from the unskilled families demonstrated
      significant differences (p smaller than 0.05) for 39 of the 105 items. Below 20
      months of age, children of the unskilled sample were more advanced, whereas after
      20 months of age, the children of the cross-sectional sample were advanced in all
      test sectors except for items in the personal-social sector. Comparisons of
      Anglo, Black, and Spanish surname children from the unskilled families showed
      fewer differences in rates of development.

PMID- 1097616
TI  - A reappraisal of the value of the IgM fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption
      test in the diagnosis of congenital syphilis.
AB  - To re-evaluate the usefulness of the IgM fluorescent treponemal antibody
      absorption test in the diagnosis of congenital syphilis, three groups of infants
      were investigated. Group 1 infants showed that the test was always negative in
      normal neonates born to seronegative mothers. From Group 2 infants we determined
      the standardization of the test using commercially prepared conjugate to allow
      the maximum exclusion of false positive and negative results. Studies on Group 3
      neonates confirmed that the standardized test was extremely successful in
      determining whether or not an asymptomatic infant was infected with Treponema
      pallidum. Finally it was shown that the standardization of the test varies with
      different commercially prepared conjugates. From the investigation it was
      concluded that the IgM FTA test, if suitably standardized, was a highly
      successful method for diagnosing congenital syphilis, especially in asymptomatic
      neonates.

PMID- 1097617
TI  - Congential dyserythropoietic anemia--type IV.
AB  - Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia is characterized by ineffective
      erythropoiesis and increased numbers of multinucleated red cell precursors in the
      marrow. This syndrome has been subclassified on the basis of morphologic
      differences in the red cell precursors. Type I is characterized by megaloblastoid
      erythropoiesis and macrocytosis; Type II, by normoblastic multinuclearity and
      normocytosis; and Type III, by frequent giant multinucleated erythroblasts and
      macrocytes. Type II is further distinguished from the other types by serologic
      and ultrastructural abnormalities. The patient presented in this report does not
      fit any of the above categories; her red cells are similar to Type II congenital
      dyserythropoietic anemia cells, but no characteristic ultrastructural or
      serologic abnormalities are present. It is suggested that this patient may
      represent an additional variant of congenital dyserythropoietic anemia, Type IV.

PMID- 1097618
TI  - Hyperlipidemia in pediatric renal allograft recipients.

PMID- 1097619
TI  - The early use of continuous positive airway pressure in the treatment of
      idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - Infants with IRDS were treated with CPAP early (0.40 FIO2; WITH PaO2 less than 60
      mm Hg) or late (0.70 FIO2; with PaO2 less than 60 mm Hg). There was no difference
      in survival, duration of CPAP therapy, total time of oxygen administration, or
      complications. The early treated infants needed a lower FIO2 (maximum 0.55) and
      had a less severe clinical course. The late treated infants were subjected to
      0.70 or more FIO2 for an average of 24 hours and were in greater than 0.40 FIO2
      significantly longer than those given CPAP early. Infants who weighed less than
      1,500 gm and had severe disease did not do well regardless of when CPAP was
      applied.

PMID- 1097620
TI  - Susceptibility of Hemophilus influenzae, type b, to ampicillin at Los Angeles
      County/University of Southern California Medical Center. A reappraisal after ten
      years.

PMID- 1097622
TI  - Letter: Infantile cortical hyperostosis--familial occurrence in a mother and
      daughter.

PMID- 1097621
TI  - Energy metabolism and hormonal profile in children with edematous protein-calorie
      malnutrition.
AB  - Modifications in energy metabolism and endocrine homeostasis (plasma insulin and
      growth hormone values, glucose and free fatty acid levels, serum thyroxine and
      TSH, free thyroxine index, and urinary catecholamines) were investigated in eight
      children with edematous protein-calorie malnutrition. Caloric expenditure was low
      at admission and correlated linearly with increased caloric intake throughout the
      study. The hormonal changes at admission were characterized by a negligible
      insulin response to intravenous arginine or glucose and by markedly elevated
      growth hormone levels which were neither increased by arginine nor suppressed by
      intravenous glucose. Serum thyroxine values were low, but free thyroxine index
      and serum TSH levels were within normal limits. At admission to the study, 24
      hour urinary excretion of dopamine and norepinephrine was relatively reduced in
      relation to the excretion of epinephrine. All these modifications were corrected
      at time of the recovery study. It is suggested that in edematous protein-calorie
      malnutrition, insulin acts as the primary regulator of peripheral fuel release
      and that the high, nonsuppressible growth hormone levels may form part of an
      important homeostatic mechanism to provide substrates for brain metabolism via
      lipolysis.

PMID- 1097623
TI  - Spontaneous esophageal rupture in the newborn.

PMID- 1097624
TI  - The split notochord syndrome.

PMID- 1097625
TI  - Perforated viscera in typhoid fever: a better prognosis for children.

PMID- 1097626
TI  - Letter: The subcutaneous implantation of xenogeneic decalcified teeth.

PMID- 1097627
TI  - Oral management of Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. A case report.

PMID- 1097628
TI  - Clinical evaluation of a quaternary ammonium-containing mouthrinse.
AB  - This was a double-blind, radomized, crossover study of adult subjects to evaluate
      the effect of a test mouthrinse (Cepacol) on plaque accumulation. The study was
      divided into two parts, four weeks each, one in which only a mouthwash was used
      (part I) and the other in which a mouthwash and toothbrushing were used (part
      II). 1. The test mouthrinse produced a satistically significant reduction in
      dental plaque when compared to a placebo rinse. 2. The GI averaged approximately
      1.0 throughout the study regardless of which mouthrinse was used. 3. A possible
      carryover effect of the test mouthrinse was noted. 4. A lower plaque score was
      seen in 67 to 75% of all patients during the period in which the test mouthrinse
      was used as compared to the placebo. 5. Ten subjects reported a burning sensation
      of the tongue with the test mouthrinse. No objective adverse effects were seen.

PMID- 1097629
TI  - Personality assessment and test interpretation of Mexican Americans: a critique.
AB  - Reviews the personality test assessment of Mexican Americans. Although there is a
      paucity of available research there are some indications that Mexican Americans
      differ in response patterning on projective devices. On objective instruments,
      problems involving fluency in English obscure the findings. Several
      recommendations are offered for increasing the efficiency of these instruments
      for use with Mexican American clients.

PMID- 1097630
TI  - Artistic quality of drawings and judges' evaluations of the DAP.
AB  - When art quality varied for a set of figure drawings, judges were unable to
      differentiate hospitalized schizophrenic females from a matched nonpatient group.
      Both trained and naive judges erroneously tended to see drawings of low are
      quality as a patient origin, and drawings of high overall quality as of
      nonpatient origin. When art quality was held constant judges did slightly 0etter
      than chance in differentiating the patient vs nonpatient drawings. Psychologists
      were no more accurate than untrained judges. Results support the position that
      art quality of drawings influences judges' evaluations, and, in terms of the
      present investigation, represents a major source of error in drawing
      interpretation. Even when art quality was controlled, however, judges' rate of
      success was low, casting doubt on the status validity of the Draw-A-Person test
      (DAP).

PMID- 1097631
TI  - Female homosexuals' concepts of self, men, and women.
AB  - Twenty-four female homosexuals and 24 female heterosexuals matched for age and
      education were given the Draw-A-Person Test (DAP) and, on the Gough-Heilbrun
      Adjective Check List (ACL), were asked to describe themselves, men in general,
      and women in general. Results indicated that homosexuals, relative to the
      heterosuxual controls: (a) sexualized their drawings (p smaller than .02) and
      embellished the female figure more (p smaller than .05); (b) showed no evidence
      of confusion in gender identity on the DAP or ACL; (c) scored sifnigicantly
      higher on Autonomy, Change, and Exhibition on the ACL; and (d) scored
      significantly lower on Abasement, Defensiveness, Deference, Endurance, Order,
      Personal Adjustment and Self-control on the ACL. It was concluded that the female
      homosexual may be more independent, changeable, and sexually preoccupied and less
      well adjusted than her heterosexual counterpart.

PMID- 1097632
TI  - Gas chromatographic determination and pharmacokinetics of 4-hydroxybutrate in dog
      and mouse.
AB  - A rapid and reproducible method was developed to extract 4-hydroxybutyrate from
      plasma as 4-butyrolactone for subsequent gas chromatographic (GLC) assay. The
      drug, an intravenous anesthetic and oral hypnotic in man, was infused into four
      dogs and the plasma concentration was determined by 14C-isotope dilution and GLC.
      Pharmacokinetic parameters for distribution and elimination were calculated. A
      capacity-limited process appears to be involved in the elimination fo 4
      hydroxybutyrate in the dog. Macroautoradiogrpahy recieved the distribution
      pattern in normal and pregnant adult mice.

PMID- 1097633
TI  - Synthesis of (4-quinolinoamino)aminoalkyltetrahydronaphthalene derivatives for
      possible antimalarial activity.
AB  - (4-Quinolinoamino)aminoalkyltetrahydronaphthalene derivatives were synthesized in
      an attempt to introduce new agents with antimalarial activity.

PMID- 1097634
TI  - Synthesis and biological properties of alkyl esters of polyene antibiotics.
AB  - Several new alkyl esters of polyene antibiotics were prepared by an improved
      general procedure, and their toxicity and microbiological activity were tested.
      Some of these alkyl esters were more active than the nonesterified polyenes
      against Candida albicans but were less effective than the known methyl esters.
      Their toxicity was much less than that of the parent compounds.

PMID- 1097635
TI  - Genetic effects of providone-iodine.
AB  - Povidone-iodine is capable of specifically altering the DNA of living cells. This
      alteration may result in the induction of mutations of the base-substitution
      type. Because of the known relationship between mutagenic potential and the
      ability to induce cancer in animals, the present findings raise serious questions
      concerning the safety of this topical disinfectant.

PMID- 1097636
TI  - Absorption, distribution, and metabolic fate of 7-chloro-3,3a-dihydro-2-methyl
      2H,9H-isoxazolo-(3,2-b)(1,3)-benzoxazin-9-one in rats, dogs, and humans.
AB  - The absorption and metabolic fate of 7-chloro-3,3a-dihydro-2-methyl-2H,9H
      isoxazolo-(3,2-b)(1,3)-benzoxazin-9-one (I) was studied in rats, dogs, and
      humans. Orally administered I was readily absorbed by all species. In the rat,
      orally administered I was converted to its metabolite, 5-chlorosalicylic acid, by
      the intestinal wall. The half-lives of blood radioactivity, after the oral
      administration of I-9-14C, were about 18 and 12 hr in the rat and beagle hound,
      respectively. In human subjects, no intact I was detected in the bloodstream;
      however, the clearance of the metabolite, 5-chlorosalicylic acid, had a half-life
      of about 33 hr. Cleavage of the oxazine ring of I generated 5-chlorosalicylic
      acid, which was excreted both in the free form and conjugated with glycine and
      glucuronic acid. The isoxazole moiety was converted to beta-hydroxybutyric acid
      and its metabolites carbon dioxide and fumaric, citric, alpha-ketoglutaric,
      succinic, and malic acids. Binding of I to plasma proteins was extensive but was
      less than that of 5-chlorosalicylic acid.

PMID- 1097637
TI  - The relationship between nitro group reduction and the intestinal microflora.
AB  - The capacity of rats to reduce a 25-mg dose of p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNBA) was
      measured by quantifying the amount of this compound recovered in the urine as p
      aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and its conjugates. It was found that germfree rats
      converted approximately 1% of PNBA to PABA; in conventional rats the conversion
      was approximately 25%. Various bacteria isolated from the rat cecum were
      selectively associated with germfree rats and it was demonstrated that these
      bacteria colonized their gastrointestinal tracts. In assoication with
      Lactobacillus plantarum, the conversion of PNBA to PABA increased to 3.9%. When
      these rats were further associated with Clostridium sp. and Streptoccocus
      faecalis, the conversion increased to approximately 12%. A general correlation
      was found between the capacity of constituents of the microflora to reduce PNBA
      in vitro and when associated with the germfree rat. Cecectomy, which removes a
      substantial portion of the microflora of the rat, decreases the capacity of the
      conventional rat to reduce PNBA. Similar experiments with p
      nitrobenzenesulfonamide indicate that this compound is also largely reduced by
      the flora. Evidence that the reduction of the nitro group in these compounds is
      carried out by the intestinal microflora explains previous observations in which
      the reduction of these compounds in rats did not correlate with the activity of
      liver enzymes putative for these reactions.

PMID- 1097638
TI  - Intestinal smooth muscle contraction and the effects of cadmium and A23187.
AB  - Pretreatment of the guinea-pig ileal longitudinal muscle preparation with cadmium
      (Cd++) in the concentration range 5 to 1000 muM resulted in an inhibition of the
      phasic and tonic contractions induced by both high potassium and the muscarinic
      agonist, cis-2-methyl-4-dimethylaminomethyl-1,3-dioxolane methiodide. The K+
      contracture was significantly more sensitive to the inhibitory action of Cd++ in
      the concentration range 5 to 100 muM, but not at concentrations of Cd++ above 100
      muM. Low concentrations of Cd++, 0.1 to 0.01 muM, were found to increase by an
      atropine-sensitive mechanism, the spontaneous activity of approximately 50% of
      the preparations tested. It was also shown that the ionophore A23187 produced a
      concentration-dependent contraction in the guinea-pig ileal longitudinal muscle
      that was dependent upon the presence of extracellular calcium. When 1.8 mM Cd++
      was added to a tissue that had been incubated in Ca++-free media for 60 minutes
      and pretreated with 5 muM A23187 for 15 minutes, a slow contractile response was
      recorded. Similar, but significantly smaller, contractions were also recorded
      when 1.8 mM Ca++, Mn++, Sr++, Pb++ and Ba++, but not when Co++, Ni++, Hg++,
      UO2++, and Tm++ and Th++++ were administered. It was concluded that the
      contractile action of these cations was dependent on ionic radius, hydration
      energy, valency and, perhaps, coordination number, and was due to the
      intracellular entry of the cation where it resulted in the release of bound Ca++
      and/or directly activated the smooth muscle troponin system.

PMID- 1097640
TI  - Gastric, antral and fundic pouch secretion in sheep.
AB  - 1. Fundic secretion of HCl and pepsin was studied in sheep with both fundic and
      antral pouches. The antral pouches were of the entire pyloric region. Continuity
      of the alimentary tract was restored by an abomasoduodenal anastomosis. 2.
      Secretion from fundic pouches was continuous. It was reduced in volume and
      acidity, was pepsin output, by resection of the antral pouches. 3. Teasing with
      food, feeding and injection of pentagastrin stimulated fundic acid and pepsin
      secretion in animals with antral pouches before and after antrectomy. 4. Pouches
      prepared from the entire pyloric region showed continuous secretion with
      variations not related to feeding or fasting. Antral secretion was increased
      after s.c. injections of histamine, carbachol and pentagastrin. 5. It is
      concluded that although the pyloric antrum contributes to the magnitude of the
      secretory response of an abomasal fundic pouch, the direction of the secretory
      response is similar whether or not the pyloric antrum is present as a separated
      pouch, or is removed.

PMID- 1097639
TI  - Ionic mechanism of the efferent olivo-cochlear inhibition studied by cochlear
      perfusion in the cat.
AB  - 1. A method for perfusing the scala tympani of the cat's cochlea from basal turn
      to apex is described. The perfusion with modified Krebs solution did not
      interfere with the recording of cochlear microphonic (CM) and neural responses to
      sound, nor with the efferent inhibition elicited by stereotaxic stimulation of
      the crossed olivo-cochlear bundle (COCB) in the medulla. 2. Cochlear perfusion
      with solutions in which most of the chloride was replaced by large anions
      (sulphate or gluconate) decreased or eliminated auditory nerve or the ventral
      cochlear nucleus. These effects were reversible. They were only observed if the
      rate of perfusion (2-20 mul/min) was adequate to reduce the chloride
      concentration in perilymph below about 80 mM, this being estimated, in different
      perfusion of the same cochlea, by a chloride-selective electrode. 3. The COCB
      induced negative shift of the endocochlear potential recorded with a glass micro
      electrode inserted into the scala media was abolished by I.V. strychnine o.2
      mg/kg. It was decreased when the perilymph chloride was reduced to 50-70 mM and
      could be abolished when the perilymph chloride dropped to about 5 mM. 4. The COCB
      induced potentiation of the cochlear microphonic potential was also reduced by
      chloride substitution but the pattern of this effect differed from that of neural
      inhibition. 5. Similar cochlear perfusions with a solution in which the small
      diameter bromide anion was substituted for chloride did not affect the COCB
      efferent effects. 6. The data indicate that the inhibitory transmitter released
      by COCB terminals elicits an increased conductance to small anions (normally to
      chloride) in the membrane of the auditory dendrite and of the outer hair cell.
      The significance of the COCB-induced negative shift of endocochlear potential and
      of the potentiation of CM is discussed, as well as the pre- and post-synaptic
      mechanisms involved in the efferent gating exerted on the auditory input. The
      latter would seem to involve primarily a post-synaptic mechanism at efferent axo
      dendritic synapses.

PMID- 1097641
TI  - Improving the retention of complete dentures.

PMID- 1097642
TI  - The root rest and the removable partial denture: A clinical investigation.

PMID- 1097643
TI  - The efficiency of an indirect retainer.

PMID- 1097644
TI  - A new paralleling instrument, Paramax II, and the Kodex drills.

PMID- 1097646
TI  - Esthetic guides for arranging anterior crowns and pontics for anterior fixed
      partial dentures.

PMID- 1097645
TI  - Secondary intention dowel and core.

PMID- 1097647
TI  - A method of immediate clasp repair.

PMID- 1097648
TI  - A denture tray technique for remake dentures.
AB  - A technique is described to fabricate a replacement denture for your patient. It
      reduces patient and laboratory time. The technique does not compromise the
      patient's existing denture, the impression, jaw relation records, or esthetics.
      It provides superior trays and effective occlusion rims, thus simplifying
      recording techniques. A denture duplicating flask may be substituted for the two
      plastic impression trays to duplicate the denture. The duplicating flask may
      improve realignment of the upper and lower molds, but additional irreversible
      hydrocolloid is required to fill the mold.

PMID- 1097649
TI  - Report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of
      Restorative Dentistry*.

PMID- 1097650
TI  - Postinsertion changes in complete dentures.
AB  - The influence of denture changes, occurring during a period of use ranging from
      one to 15 years, was studied in a group of 35 complete denture subjects. Clinical
      and electromyographic data were collected. N0 correlation was found between
      denture serviceability on the one hand and masticatory performance and muscular
      coordination during chewing of test food on the other. However, a significant
      correlation was found between a subject's satisfaction and his masticatory
      performance, as well as his muscular coordination during chewing of test food. It
      appears that, as soon as the time-linked and insidious imperfections of complete
      dentures are compensated for by feedback-controlled neuromuscular adaptation, the
      subject's adjusted pattern of function does not affect his performance and
      comfort and consequently his satisfaction. Despite the obvious differences among
      the respective subjects, the number of masticatory strokes in the same individual
      was rather constant. Obviously, a subject's satisfaction may easily camouflage
      lack of denture fit, including its potential concomitant pathologic sequelae.
      Therefore, periodic examinations and adequate corrections are essential to
      successful complete denture treatment.

PMID- 1097651
TI  - The use of natural teeth in overlay dentures.
AB  - A method has been described for the construction of tooth-supported dentures
      where the natural tooth was utilized and the acrylic resin for the denture base
      processed directly to the prepared cast. Based on the 112 dentures that were
      made, this technique is economical, provides support and stabilization, and has
      full patient acceptance.

PMID- 1097652
TI  - Conditioning dentures for problem patients.
AB  - We have had considerable success with difficult patients through the use of
      conditioning dentures. Patients with severe gagging problems have been able to
      gradually accustom themselves to the presence of dentures in the privacy of their
      homes and at their own rate of progression. Patients without previous denture
      experience are given a chance to adjust to problems of speech, salivation, and
      taste prior to receiving their new dentures. We believe that conditioning
      dentures should be a part of the treatment sequence for all patients being
      prepared for their first dentures. Many problems are faced by the new denture
      patient, and anything the dentist can do to prepare him for this difficult time
      can increase the chances for success.

PMID- 1097653
TI  - Stressbreakers and the removable partial denture.
AB  - A laboratory study was designed to determine the effect of ""deactivation'' of
      stressbreakers on abutment tooth movement and ridge displacement. The Ticonium
      hidden-lock and the pin-Dalbo precision stressbreakers were tested. Results
      showed that ridge displacement was significantly decreased when the Dalbo was
      made rigid, and tooth movement was significantly decreased (during bilateral
      loading) when the hidden lock was made rigid.

PMID- 1097654
TI  - Preparing guide planes for removable partial dentures.
AB  - The freehand technique for preparing parallel guide planes offers several
      advantages. There is a direct transfer of the index from the surveyor to the
      mouth. The procedure adds little time to routine removable partial denture
      construction. The method is effective. The only disadvantage of the method is the
      inability of the dentist to clinically establish perfect parallelism. An occlusal
      divergence of 3 to 4 degrees from absolute parallelism may result. Care in making
      the index and increased skill will reduce inaccuracies.

PMID- 1097655
TI  - The paradoxes of fixed prosthodontics.
AB  - (1) The replacement of a missing tooth or teeth by a fixed prosthesis as a
      preventive device is a paradox. (2) When a missing tooth is replaced by a fixed
      prosthesis, iatrogenic problems may occur. (3) The problems caused by the
      fabrication of a fixed partial denture must be recognized and controlled by both
      the patient and dentist. (4) Concerning the prognosis of any particular fixed
      prosthesis, we can only predict, from experience, the longevity of the
      replacement. The acutal life of the replacement is dependent upon the proficiency
      used in the maintenance procedures and the ability of the dentist to reduce or
      minimize the iatrogenic factors inherent in any fixed bridge.

PMID- 1097656
TI  - A study of temperature changes during removal of amalgam restorations.
AB  - Because tooth preparation is only one of several potent causes of trauma to the
      pulp during clinical procedures, the objective should be to increase the chance
      of pulp survival by reducing this trauma wheneve- possible. In case of tooth
      preparation, this study shows that there is far less potential for pulpal damage
      when water is used as a coolant.

PMID- 1097657
TI  - Anterior condylar displacement: its diagnosis and treatment.
AB  - A deflective slide in centric relation to centric occlusion does not necessarily
      mean anterior condylar displacement. Its diagnosis and treatment depend on the
      correlation of three factors: the direction and magnitude of the mandibular slide
      from centric relation to centric occlusion, the change in vertical dimension of
      occlusion during the slide, and the position of the condyles in the fossae when
      the teeth are in the maximum occlusion (centric occlusion). When the change in
      vertical dimension almost equals to amount of slide from the deflective contact
      in centric relation to maximum intercuspation, very little anterior condylar
      displacement would be expected. Conversely, with proportionately little change in
      vertical dimension, more anterior condylar translation is required for a given
      degree of anterior slide. Examples of each type of anterior slide were related to
      the TMJ radiographs of the condylar position. If the direction and magnitude of
      the deflective occlusal contact can be correlated with the TMJ radiographs, the
      centric relation is ""functional,'' and the clinically retruded mandibular
      position should be used. When this correlation does not exist, the centric
      relation is ""dysfunctional'' and the terminal hinge position (retruded
      mandibular position) should not be used for restorative or corrective procedures.
      Examples of anterior condylar displacement were given, including deviation, with
      a comparison of ""before'' and ""after'' TMJ radiographs.

PMID- 1097658
TI  - Fabrication of intraoral radiotherapy prostheses.
AB  - An accurate, short method of fabricating intraoral radiotherapy prostheses has
      been described. With it, there is no need of mounting casts on an articulator,
      wax-up, or flasking. Almost all procedures can be accomplished by the dental
      technician. Most important, the prostheses can be ready for use a few hours after
      the impressions are made. The technician can prepare the walls and cylinders
      beforehand and keep them in stock until needed. Also, it would be advisable for
      the radiotherapist to be present at the initial fastening of the bases to the
      cylinders. In this manner, the accuracy of the function of the prosthesis will be
      assured.

PMID- 1097659
TI  - Immediate denture processing with a fluid resin.

PMID- 1097660
TI  - Modified flasking technique for removable partial dentures.

PMID- 1097661
TI  - Effect of the antiphagocytic agent cytochalasin B on macrophage invasion by
      Leishmania mexicana promastigotes and Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes.
AB  - Unstimulated mouse peritoneal exudate cells were cultured on coverslips in Medium
      199 containing 10 per cent (v/v) calf serum. Cytochalasin B dissolved in dimethyl
      sulphoxide (DMSO) and diluted in Medium 199 was added to cultures to give final
      concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 mug/ml. Equal numbers of Leishmania mexicana
      promastigotes, Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes and sheep red cells were added to
      24 hr cultures incubated at 37 C. The macrophage monolayers were fixed and
      stained at various time intervals. L. mexicana promastigotes sheep red blood
      cells were found to attach to macrophages in the presence of the drug but did not
      enter the cells. When the medium containing the cytochalasin was replaced with
      normal medium phagocytosis of the adherent parasites and red cells followed
      rapidly. T. cruzi epimastigotes were found inside macrophages in both drug
      treated and drug-free cultures although the number found to be intracellular in
      the latter was significantly greater. This study suggest that L. mexicana
      promastigotes enter macrophages by being phagocytosed, whereas T. cruzi
      epimastigotes can actively penetrate these cells.

PMID- 1097662
TI  - [Evaluation of the parietal factor interfering in the measurement of cardiac
      output by external detection with the aid of 99mTc labelled red cells (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The results of a radioisotopic exploration are not independant of the physical
      characteristics of the tracer used. Thus in the measurement of cardiac output
      index by external detection, the substitution of 131I fastened on the human serum
      albumine by 99mTc fastened on red cells introduces a systematic average error of
      +20% whose origin is double. Because of the plasma or red cell kind of the
      tracer, the average error done on the volume is, in 130 measurements, 26% whereas
      that which results from the difference of photon energy is -6%. Only this last
      error affects the measurement of the cardiac output and, by that time, it is
      demonstrated that a direct determination of the cardiac output index by STEWART
      HAMILTON'S relation is impossible.

PMID- 1097663
TI  - [Contribution of the recording memory tube to cateterization of the
      gastrointestinal arteries (author's transl)].

PMID- 1097664
TI  - [Radiographic aspects of aseptic osteonecrosis following renal transplantation.
      Apropos of 65 localizations in 30 patients].
AB  - The authors report 30 cases of aseptic osteonecrosis in 65 different bones,
      including 37 hips, 13 knees, 5 taluses, 1 cuboid, 8 shoulders, 1 humeral condyle,
      following renal transplantation. One patient had osteonecrosis in six different
      bones. In 24 cases, the necrosis occurred before the end of the 18th month
      following the graftmin 21 cases, radiodiagnosis of the first localisation was
      made before the end of the first month following the first clinical sign. The
      usual presenting symptom of osteonecrosis is a clear, sub-chondral crescent. In
      2/3rds of cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral neck, there is a rapidly
      destructive form often well tolerated clinically. In 1/3rd of cases, the course
      was slow with mainly osteocondensation. The course is particularly destructive
      when, following failure of the graft, the transplanted patient is submitted to
      periodic hemodialysis. In 8 cases, the femoral condyles were involved, and in 4,
      the tibial condylesm the appearance may be that of osteochondritis dissecans, but
      more often the course resembles the destructive form of aseptic necrosis of the
      femoral head. Shoulder involvement leads to a radiological picture identical with
      that of the hips. One transplanted patient out of 5, has a chance to develop
      osteonecrosis within two years following the graft.

PMID- 1097666
TI  - The editor emeritus still squawks. The "cariologist" makes his bow.

PMID- 1097665
TI  - The birth of the American Public Health Association's dental health section as
      recalled by a humble egotist.

PMID- 1097667
TI  - Plasma LH and progesterone levels after single or multiple injections of
      synthetic LH-RH in anoestrous ewes and comparison with levels during the oestrous
      cycle.

PMID- 1097668
TI  - Ovarian response to synthetic LH-RH in anoestrous ewes.

PMID- 1097669
TI  - Memoir. M. W. H. Bishop 1923--1974.

PMID- 1097670
TI  - Membrane fusion events in fertilization.

PMID- 1097671
TI  - The macromolecular organization of membranes and its bearing on events leading up
      to fertilization.
AB  - Current concepts of the macromolecular organization of membrances and of ways in
      which membrane organization may change during membrane fusion are considered
      briefly. The properties of the sperm membrane at different phases of its
      development up to fertilization are then examined in the light of this more
      general model.

PMID- 1097672
TI  - Editorial: Better is the end of a thing than the beginning thereof.

PMID- 1097673
TI  - A comparison of gas and liquid for hysteroscopy.
AB  - Attempts to inspect the uterine cavity heretofore have been thwarted because of
      inability to obtain its sustained adequate expansion, concern about introducing
      infection into the peritoneal cavity through the tube with liquid or gaseous
      media and the provocation of endometrial bleeding during manipulation. Recent
      mechanical and optical innovations may give the gynecologist the capability of
      overcoming these problems. In this presentation the focus was on the comparison
      of gas and liquid as the distending medium for hysteroscopy.

PMID- 1097674
TI  - Differential antibody production of adherent and nonadherent spleen cells
      transferred to irradiated and cyclophosphamide-treated recipient mice.

PMID- 1097675
TI  - The role of phagocytosis and natural lymphokines in the fusion of alveolar
      macrophages to form Langhans giant cells.

PMID- 1097676
TI  - Antibody dependent cytolytic effector lymphocytes (K cells) in human blood.

PMID- 1097677
TI  - Experimental aspergillosis in normal rats infected intravenously.

PMID- 1097678
TI  - Marrow origin of canine alveolar macrophages.
AB  - Pulmonary macrophages were obtained from a canine radiation chimera 221 days
      after irradiation. A variant of soluble glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase was
      utilized to demonstrate that these cells were of donor origin, providing evidence
      that pulmonary macrophages in the dog are of marrow origin.

PMID- 1097679
TI  - The influence of antigenic stimulation on the ontegeny of lymphoid aggregates and
      immunoglobulin-containing cells in mouse bronchial and intestinal mucosa.
AB  - The requirement of Ag for the localization of precursors of IgA-producing cells
      in mucosal surfaces was tested in a model in which fetal tissues develop in an Ag
      free adultA/J mice. At 30 days after transplantation primitive Peyer's patches
      )gut associated lymphoid tissue) and bronchus associated lymphoid tissue were
      seen in 1/3 of the animals examined and in all animals examined at 60 days.
      Immunoglobulin A-containing cells first appeared between 5 and 15 days in
      transplanted fetal guts. Their numbers increased to reach a plateau at 60 days at
      which time they approximated that of germ-free animals and were about 1/3 that of
      60 day old normal mice. Immunoglobulin G and IgM containing cells were rarely
      seen, Few Ig-containing cells were present in fetal lungs. Fetal gut lumenal IgA
      sedimented in sucrose density gradients as if it were larger than serum IgA.
      Thus, in the absence of Ag, IgA plasma cells are present in mucosal tissues but
      their numbers are reduced.

PMID- 1097680
TI  - Eugene V. Barnett, B.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.

PMID- 1097681
TI  - The multifactorial etiology of rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1097682
TI  - Nuclear antigens and antinuclear antibodies-their role in joint inflammation.
AB  - Nuclear antigens, including native DNA, denatured single-stranded DNA and soluble
      nucleoprotein are found in synovial effusions from a majority of all types of
      inflammatory joint disease. On the other hand, antinuclear antibodies are rarely
      detected in joint fluids, except in rheumatoid arthritis. Evidence that
      nucleoprotein and DNA immune complexes contribute to rheumatoid joint
      inflammation is reviewed.

PMID- 1097683
TI  - Association development--two themes traced.

PMID- 1097684
TI  - Twenty-five years of Congressional activity.

PMID- 1097685
TI  - Publications--the cutting edge. The journal--changing and changeless.

PMID- 1097686
TI  - NRA chapters--a grass roots movement.

PMID- 1097687
TI  - Potential antimalarials. 9. Resolution of alpha-diheptylaminomethyl-6-bromo-9
      phenanthrenemethanol by an unusual method.

PMID- 1097688
TI  - Inhibition of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase by aromatic guanidines and amidines.
AB  - Aromatic guanidines and amidines were investigated for their ability to inhibit
      phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli B. 2-Phenylacetamidine (1),
      benzylguanidine (2), and N-benzylbenzamidine (3) are competive inhibitors with
      respect to phenylalanine, binding nearly as well as the substrate, The remainder
      of the inhibitors was unexpectedly found to be noncompetitive, indication the
      presence of a secondary binding site on the enzyme. Inhibition by these compounds
      appears to be specific for phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase and requires the presence
      of a phenyl ring as well as the amidine or guanidine moiety.

PMID- 1097689
TI  - Pattern recognitiion and structure-activity relationship studies. Computer
      assisted prediction of antitumor activity in structurally diverse drugs in an
      experimental mouse brain tumor system.
AB  - This paper reports the application of pattern recognition and substructural
      analysis to the problem of predicting the antineoplastic activity of 24 test
      compounds in an experimental mouse brain tumor system based on 138 structurally
      diverse compounds tested in this tumor system. The molecules were represented by
      three types of substructural fragments, the augmented atom, the heteropath, and
      the ring fragments. Of the two pattern recognition methods used to predict the
      activity of the test compounds the nearest neighbor method predicted 83%
      correctly while the learning machine method predicted 92% correctly. The test
      structures and the important substructural fragments used in this study are given
      and the implications of these results are discussed.

PMID- 1097690
TI  - Synthesis and biological activity of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and
      related peptides.
AB  - Syntheses of the decapeptide luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, less thanGlu
      His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2 are described. The basic properties of
      arginine can provide a simple repetitive isolation procedure for arginine
      containing peptides. The biological activities of the decapeptide, of a range of
      fragments and modified fragments, and of two analogs with alteration in the
      series at position 4 were measured by in vitro incubation with sheep pituitary
      slices, measuring the liberated LH by bioassay. None of the compounds of
      shortened sequence were active, with the exception of less thanGlu-His-Trp which
      showed 1% of the decapeptide in one of four experiments. Neither [Ser(But)4]-LH
      RH-nor [Leu4]-LH-RH showed significant activity indicating (despite the known
      activity of [Ala4]-LH-RH) the importance of this part of the structure for full
      biological activity.

PMID- 1097691
TI  - 7-N-amidinocephalosporins.
AB  - 7-Aminocephalosporanic acid tert-butyl ester reacts quantitatively at--20 degrees
      with iminium chlorides to give amidino derivatives. Removal of the tert-butyl
      protecting group with trifluoroacetic acid and treatment with 1 equiv of
      triethylamine yield the corresponding zwitterions. These compounds were less
      active than their penicillin analogs.

PMID- 1097693
TI  - Quinoxaline studies. 23. Potential antimalarials. Substituted 5,8
      dimethoxyquinoxalines.
AB  - Two series of 2,3-disubstituted 5,8-dimethoxy-6-[N- (omega-dimethylaminoalkyl)
      amino] quinoxalines were prepared: the first series with identical 2,3
      substituents H, CH3, C6H5, C6H4-4-Cl, and CH2C6H5; and the second with identical
      styryl groups CH=CHC6H5, CH=CHC6H4-4-Cl, CH=CHC6H3-3,4-C12, CH=CHC6H4-4-F,
      CH=CHC6H4-4-CF3, and CH=CHC6H4-4-NO2. None of the substances possessed
      antimalarial activity; several were toxic at highest dosage levels.

PMID- 1097692
TI  - Synthesis and biological activity of some antitumor benzophenanthridinium salts.
AB  - A facil synthesis of benzophenanthridinium salts has been developed and used for
      preparing a number of these compounds.  The antitumor activities in mouse
      leukemia L1210 (LE) and P388 (PS) were determined as well as some selected
      antimicrobial activities.  Although antitumor activity was exhibited by several
      of the derivatives, none was as active as the naturally occurring alkaloid
      fagaronine.  Fagaronine was made available as a synthetic by an improved
      procedure.  Some structure-activity relationships among antitumor
      benzophenanthridinium salts are discussed.

PMID- 1097694
TI  - Synthesis and antibacterial activities of some chloro analogs of 3 amino-3,4
      dihydro-1-hydroxycarbostyril.
AB  - The effects of a chloro substituent upon the microbiological activities of 3
      amino-3,4-dihydro-1-hydroxycarbostyril were determined. The 5-, 6-, and 7-chloro
      analogs were synthesized by reductive cyclizations of the appropriately chloro
      substituted o-nitrophenylalanines, while the 8-chloro analog was obtained from
      the N-trifluoroacetyl-3-chloro-2-nitrophenylalanine ethyl ester. All of these
      compounds were observed to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli 9723,
      Leuconostoc dextranicum 8086, and Lactobacillus plantarum 8014. The relative
      inhibitory activities of the chloro analogs were 7-Cl greater than 6-Cl greater
      than 8-Cl greater than 5-Cl in E. coli and 7-Cl greater than 6-Cl greater than 8
      Cl = 5-Cl in L. dextranicum and L. plantarum. In each of the three
      microorganisms, the 7-Cl analog was a more effective growth inhibitor than the
      parent unsubstituted compound. The growth inhibitory activities of this class of
      compounds were demonstrated to be much more effective than those of the four
      corresponding lactams, the 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-chloro analogs of 3-amino-3,4
      dihydrocarbostyril.

PMID- 1097695
TI  - Requirements for insertion of bacteriophase lambda DNA into the DNA of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1097696
TI  - Dual control of lysogeny by bacteriophage P22: an antirepressor locus and its
      controlling elements.

PMID- 1097697
TI  - Role of antirepressor in the bipartite control of repression and immunity by
      bacteriophage P22.

PMID- 1097698
TI  - Initiation of transcription by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase from supercoiled
      and non-supercoiled bacteriophage PM2 DNA.

PMID- 1097699
TI  - Leters to the editors: Structure of the lac repressor studied by negative
      staining.

PMID- 1097700
TI  - DNA replication in dnaB mutants of Escherichia coli: gene product interaction and
      synthesis of 4 S pieces.

PMID- 1097701
TI  - Intermediates and time kinetics of the in vivo assembly of Escherichia coli
      ribosomes.

PMID- 1097702
TI  - Interaction of the trp repressor and RNA polymerase with the trp operon.

PMID- 1097703
TI  - Analysis of bacteriophage mu and lambda-mu hybrid DNAs by specific endonucleases.

PMID- 1097704
TI  - Capsid geometry of bacteriophage T2: a freeze-etching study.

PMID- 1097705
TI  - Isolation of free minus strands from Qbeta-infected Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1097706
TI  - Bacteriophage lambda head morphogenesis: studies on the role of DNA.

PMID- 1097707
TI  - Interaction of polyamines with fragments and whole molecules of yeast
      phenylalanine-specific transfer RNA.

PMID- 1097708
TI  - Copies of proteins L7 and L12 and heterogeneity of the large subunit of
      Escherichia coli ribosome.

PMID- 1097709
TI  - Stimulation of polypeptide polymerization by blocking of free sulphydryl groups
      in Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 1097710
TI  - Letter: Apparent non-involvement of transfer RNA nucleotidyltransferase in the
      biosynthesis of Escherichia coli suppressor transfer RNAs.

PMID- 1097711
TI  - Synthesis of small polynucleotide chains in thymine-depleted bacteria.

PMID- 1097713
TI  - On the mechanism of production of tandem genetic duplications in phage lambda.

PMID- 1097712
TI  - Mechanism of DNA chain growth.

PMID- 1097714
TI  - Identification of proteins functionally altered by chemical modification of the
      transfer RNA and polyuridylic acid binding sites of 30 S ribosomal subunits.

PMID- 1097715
TI  - Joining of bacteriophage T4D heads and tails: a kinetic study by inelastic light
      scattering.

PMID- 1097716
TI  - The nucleotide sequence of the dimeric precursor to glutamine and leucine
      transfer RNAs coded by bacteriophage T4.

PMID- 1097717
TI  - Absence of messenger ribonucleic acid specific for flagellin in non-flagellate
      mutants of Salmonella.

PMID- 1097718
TI  - Methylation of f1 DNA by a restriction endonuclease from escherichia coli B.

PMID- 1097719
TI  - Letter to the editor: Circular dichroism analysis of the ribosomal binding of
      initiation factor IF-3.

PMID- 1097720
TI  - Mafenide acetate solution dressings: an adjunct in burn wound care.
AB  - A continuation of the study of 5% aqueous Sulfamylon solution dressings in burned
      patients was analyzed in 150 consecutive cases. The rate of invasive infection
      and mortality was not excessive. Dressings were used as an adjunct to other
      topical chemotherapeutic agents as well as homo/heterograft skin in the overall
      burn care program. Sulfamylon soaks were shown to be effective for debridement,
      granulation tissue protection and preparation, and bacterial control. The
      dressings were comfortable when in place and the wounds appeared clean.
      Epithelialization was not hampered so that the dressings could be utilized in
      partial thickness wounds as well as for mesh autografts on extensive burn
      surfaces=

PMID- 1097721
TI  - Acute common femoral arterial trauma.
AB  - 1) Acute common femoral arterial injuries remain relatively uncommon in both
      military and civilian practice. 2) The recent experience in Vietnam has provided
      the most complete statistics regarding this type of injury. Among 1,000 acute
      major arterial injuries, the incidence of common femoral arterial trauma was
      approximately 5%. This present study reports 109 acute common femoral arterial
      injuries. Nearly two thirds of the injuries were caused by fragments and slightly
      more than one half of the injuries were lacerations. It was possible to perform
      autogenous vein graft repairs in about 57%, end-to-end anastomoses in about 25%,
      and lateral suture repair in about 10% of the injuries. Prosthetic material was
      used in only three repairs. 3) The overall complication rate was 28.3%, the
      amputation rate was 13.2%, and the mortality rate was 2.8%. 4) In the treatment
      of iatrogenic injuries associated with diagnostic catheterizations of the common
      femoral artery at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, there were no complications
      and no mortalities.

PMID- 1097722
TI  - Penetrating abdominal injuries in children and adolescents.
AB  - One hundred thirty-two children and adolescents with penetrating abdominal trauma
      have been reported. Eighty-two of these patients had intraperitoneal injuries.
      Five of the injured patients died, and 35 suffered complications. Patterns of
      organ injuries were found to be similar to a previously studied adult series.
      Satisfactory results were obtained by simple management of specific injuries.
      Ninety-five per cent of the injured patients and 80% of uninjured patients could
      be accurately identified at initial physical examination. Selective observation
      of penetrating abdominal injuries can be safely employed in children and
      adolescents.

PMID- 1097723
TI  - Advantages of double releases in axillary, antecubital and popliteal
      contractures.
AB  - The advantages of the double release technique in axillary contractures are
      discussed. The procedure is useful for releasing contractures involving the
      antecubital and popliteal spaces as well. The risk of cutting vital structures
      involved in the scar tissue is minimized; also, the skin in the center of the
      axilla, if infected or ruptured, can be covered without as much threat to the
      axillary space. In addition, by placing the skin grafts on the surfaces at edges
      of the antecubital or in the popliteal space, the take of the skin graft on a
      flat surface is better insured.

PMID- 1097724
TI  - Proceedings: Structural analysis of ribosomes by electron microscopy.

PMID- 1097725
TI  - An interpretive freeze-fracture study of plant cell nuclear pore complexes.

PMID- 1097726
TI  - Accelerated maturation in B cells during short-term incubation of fetal rat
      pancreas.

PMID- 1097727
TI  - Carbon loss during irradiation of T4 bacteriophages and E. coli bacteria in
      electron microscopes.

PMID- 1097728
TI  - [Incomplete duplication of the urethra with intra-rectal opening of the posterior
      chanel (author's transl)].
AB  - We have described two cases of urethro-rectal fistulae: outstanding by their
      absence of anorectal abnormality. This type of malformation must be separated
      from the fistula observed in imperforated anus. We consider it as an incomplete
      duplication of the urethra; the posterior part ending in the rectum: this is a
      very rare abnormality. The treatment involves a separation of the posterior
      urethra from the rectum to bring it up to the preneum then continue as in an
      hypospadias usig the Duplay and Leveuf (Cecil) techniques. Seemingly normal
      urethra is hypoplastic in part or entirely.

PMID- 1097729
TI  - [Treatment of infra-vesical obstructions in neurologic bladders. 27 cases].
AB  - Of a total of 176 cases of spina bifida observed from a urological standpoint, we
      detected an infra-vesical obstruction in 27, the diagnosis being based upon
      urological findings alone: dysuria, residue and infection. The 11 boys had a
      disorder of the striated sphincter justifying sphincterotomy, the technique and
      results of which are discussed, in terms of symptoms and signs resulting from the
      obstruction, with respect to continence and the effects on the upper tract. 16 of
      our patients were female and the nature of the infra-vesical obstruction was far
      more uncertain. A disorder of the striated sphincter was present in the girl
      treated by a Y-V plasty of the anterior aspect of the bladder neck passing low
      down on the anterior aspect of the urethra. We also present results relating to
      residue, retention, dysuria, continence and the upper urinary tract. Overall,
      these results are too recent and difficult and no definite conclusions may be
      drawn.

PMID- 1097730
TI  - Deferento-deferential homolateral anastomosis and contralateral deferento
      vesicular anastomosis. Results after 8 years.

PMID- 1097731
TI  - Polyamines in bacteriophage R17 and its RNA.
AB  - Bacteriophage R17 and its RNA were found to contain significant amounts of
      spermidine but not of putrescine. When isolated at 0.01 M KCl, up to 1,000
      molecules of spermidine were associated with the virion. The phage RNA isolated
      with phenol plus sodium lauryl sulfate contained approximately 70 to 90 molecules
      of spermidine. The association appeared to be ionic because the bound spermidine
      could be dissociated by KCl, MgCl2, or both. Effects of polyamines on in vitro
      translation were studied using both poly(U) and phage R17-RNA as mRNA. Addition
      of spermidine to the system at suboptimal concentrations of Mg2+ resulted in
      marked stimulations of the rate of protein synthesis. Putrescine alone had no
      effect but stimulated the incorporation in the presence of suboptimal
      concentrations of spermidine plus Mg2+. The isolated amino acid-incorporating
      system contained suboptimal soluble and bound polyamines. A comparison of
      incorporation was made in this system using R17-RNA with and without bound
      spermidine. No effects of these bound cations were detected on the rate or extent
      of incorporation of valine. The ratio of incorporation of histidine (present in
      non-coat proteins) to valine (total protein) revealed little difference as a
      functions of cation in the system or a function of the spermidine present in R17
      RNA.

PMID- 1097732
TI  - Effect of UV irradiation on transduction by coliphage T1.
AB  - Lysates of the virulent coliphage T1 transduce seven markers between strains of
      Escherichia coli with reproducilble efficiencies which range from 10(-7) to 10(
      5). The ability of a UV-irradiated lysate to transduce Arg(+), Str(R), Trp(+),
      Lac(+), and Pro(+) is 90% and Bio(+) is 99% inactivated by doses which inactivate
      plaque formation of T1 by six orders of magnitude. A dose of irradiation which
      causes a 1- to 2-log drop in the titer of T1 stimulated Gal(+) transduction by
      two- to three-fold; no other marker tested was stimulated. Irradiation causes
      dislinkage of some co-transducible markers but not others.

PMID- 1097733
TI  - Interaction of P2 bacteriophage with the dnaB gene of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The dnaB gene product of Escherischia coli is required for multiplication of
      temperate phage P2. At 37 C in dnaB-ts mutnats, P2 will not plaque and gives a
      very small burst of progeny. P2 mutants have been isolated which can grow well
      enough to plaque under these conditions. This type of phage mutant is cis
      dominant, and one such mutant (P2rlb1) has been mapped near the left end of the
      early gene B and to the right of the cox4 (excision) mutation. The rlb1 mutation
      does not lie at the replication origin, but may affect transcription in the early
      region, which includes the replication origin. It may also represent a site on
      the P2 DNA which interacts with the dnaB gene product.

PMID- 1097734
TI  - Discriminative effect of rifampin of RNA replication of various RNA
      bacteriophages.
AB  - Rifampin interferes exclusively with RNA replication in vivo of the group I
      phages MS2, f2, and R17, whereas QbetaRNA replication is unaffected by the drug.
      In addition, rifampin has a discriminative effect of group I phage RNA
      replication. In the experimental system employed by us the antibiotic
      differentially interferes with the synthesis of minus RNA strands in f2, whereas
      it has almost no effect on the synthesis of progeny plus strands. In MS2, the
      drug differentially arrests the synthesis of progeny plus strands and almost
      fails to affect the synthesis of minus RNA strands. In R17 both steps of its RNA
      replication are affected by rifampin, although each step is only partially
      (approximately 50%) inhibited. The relation of the present results to the
      possible role of bacterial proteins and tertiary structure of phage  RNA in the
      process of template recognition is discussed.

PMID- 1097735
TI  - Replication of bacteriophage M13 IX. Requirement of the Escherichia coli dnaG
      function for M13 duplex DNA replication.
AB  - Temperature-shift experiments with an Escherichia coli dnaG strain indicate a
      requirement for the dnaG function for M13 phage production only at an early stage
      of infection. Mutant cells infected at nonpermissive temperature form the
      parental RF (SS leads to RF) but do not replicate further. A shift to
      nonpermissive temperature after infection inhibits RF leads to RF replication but
      not RF leads to SS synthesis. The synthesis of both strands of the duplex RF was
      inhibited equally after a temperature shift during RF leads to RF replication. We
      infer that the dnaG protein is required for M13 production only during RF
      replication and that it is required for the synthesis of both strands of the RF.

PMID- 1097736
TI  - Synthesis of complex forms of bacteriophage phiX174 double-stranded DNA in a
      temperature-sensitive dnaC mutant of Escherichia coli C.
AB  - Fast-sedimenting forms of bacteriophage phiX174 double-stranded replicative-form
      DNA observed in normal infections continued to accumulate at the nonpermissive
      temperature in a temperature-sensitive dnaC mutant of Escherichia coli. These
      complex molecules accounted for up to half of the DNA synthesized during short
      pulses at the nonpermissive temperature. They were the dead-end products of DNA
      synthesis, not intermediates in normal replicative-form replication. The data
      suggest that these higher-than-normal-molecular-weight DNA molecules result from
      abnormal initiation of phiX174 replicative-form DNA replication.

PMID- 1097737
TI  - Biological functions of the bacteriophage T3 SAMase gene.
AB  - Certain differences between phage T3 on the one hand and T3sam- and T7 on the
      other hand indicate that the T3-coded SAMase function is responsible (i) for the
      development of the pseudolysogenic state by preventing T3 DNA methylation, and
      (ii) for the partial protection of the phage DNA against restriction by the P
      system.

PMID- 1097738
TI  - Lysozymes from bacteriophages T3 and T5.
AB  - Lysozymes produced in host cells infected with bacteriophages T3 and T5 were
      found to have the same enzymatic specificity toward the peptidoglycan from
      Escherichia coli as T7 phage lysozyme, which has been shown to be an N
      acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase.

PMID- 1097739
TI  - Renal autotransplantation using hypothermic storage and pulsatile perfusion.
AB  - Three patients with severe hypertension secondary to renal artery stenosis were
      treated by renal autotransplantation. Of these 3 patients 2 had solitary kidneys
      and 1 had 2 renal arteries to each kidney, all of which were stenosed. Renal
      autotransplantation with hypothermia of the kidney was performed in all 3
      patients rather than the more conventional arterial bypass or endarterectomy
      because 1) hypothermic preservation permitted a prolonged ischemia time and 2)
      there was improved exposure for the vascular anastomosis. Postoperatively 2
      patients remained normotensive without drugs for 9 and 12 months and 1 patient
      died of septicemia not directly related to the autotransplant. All 3 patients
      required expansion of the intravascular volume postoperatively to overcome the
      loss of vasoconstrictor substances following restoration of renal blood flow.

PMID- 1097740
TI  - Medrogestone: a prospective study in the pharmaceutical management of benign
      prostatic hyperplasia.
AB  - Medrogestone is a progestational agent that may reduce outflow obstruction
      secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Five of 8 patients taking 15 mg. oral
      medrogestone twice daily and 5 of 7 patients taking 7.5 mg. oral medrogestone
      twice daily experienced an increase in mean urine flow (averaging 55.8 and 30.1
      per cent, respectively), while no change was noted in 4 untreated patients. Five
      of the 8 patients taking 15 mg. and 6 of the 7 patients taking 7.5 mg.
      experienced an increase in peak urine flow (averaging 60 and 37.6 per cent,
      respectively), while 2 of the 4 controls had an improvement of only 12.2 per
      cent. Repetitive residual urines and digital examination were inaccurate to assay
      sequential changes in prostatic size. Certain side effects, such as hypertension,
      abnormal glucose tolerance and impotence, were encountered in isolated patients
      but in no instance was the side effect hazardous to the health of the test
      subject and in each instance it could be reversed by withdrawal of the
      medication.

PMID- 1097741
TI  - Seminoma in a renal transplant recipient.
AB  - A case is reported of testicular seminoma developing de novo 13 months post
      transplantation. Two other post-transplant scrotal complications were noted, that
      is hydrocele and testicular atrophy. The question raised is what type of therapy
      would be best for this patient.

PMID- 1097742
TI  - Studies on the oral infectivity of rabies virus in carnivora.
AB  - Mature and immature red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and striped skunks (Mephitis
      mephitis) were fed varying numbers of white mice infected with street isolates
      and a fixed strain of rabies virus. Rabies deaths and the development of serum
      neutralizing antibody to rabies virus occurred in both species. The
      epizootiological implications of these findings are discussed.

PMID- 1097743
TI  - Vaccination of foxes against rabies using ingested baits.
AB  - A method for immunizing foxes against rabies was evaluated. Fifteen of 36 red
      foxes (Vulpes fulva) fed baits impregnated with modified live virus rabies
      vaccine developed serum rabies neutralizing antibody. The vaccine-bait proved
      unstable when held at 4 C or 25 C for 96 hours prior to feeding. For safety
      testing the vaccine virus was administered to opossums (Didelphis virginiana),
      cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus), hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus), and chickens
      (Gallus domesticus) in either liquid or bait form. One of ten cotton rats fed
      liquid vaccine died of vaccine induced rabies. No animals which ate the vaccine
      baits died of vaccine induced rabies.

PMID- 1097744
TI  - Serologic observations during an outbreak of rat borne plague in the San
      Francisco Bay area of California.
AB  - Results of a serologic study of a plaque outbreak among rats (Rattus norvegicus)
      and associated wild rodents are presented. Bacteriologic and serologic evidence
      points toward mutual exchange of fleas and plaque infection between the
      intermingled rat and wild rodent populations. Results emphasize the value of
      serologic methods for epizootiologic studies of plague in North American rat
      populations.

PMID- 1097745
TI  - Bacteriuria in the catheterized patient.  Cystitis or pyelonephritis?
AB  - Seventy-two patients with indwelling urethral catheters had urine specimens
      cultured to detect bacteriuria.  Bacterial sediments were examined to find the
      source of the bacteria, with use of an antibody immunofluorescence (IF)
      technique.  Antibody coating demonstrated by fluorescence was considered evidence
      for pyelonephritis.  In cystitis, the bacteria did not fluoresce.  Repeat culture
      and immunofluorescence studies were done 3 to 18 week later.  One third of the
      patients had a urinary infection.  Two (13%) of the patients catheterized for one
      day and 17 (55%) catheterized four or more days had appreciable bacteriuria.  One
      patient catheterized less than three days had positive IF, while 5 patients (16%)
      catheterized four or more days had positive IF.  Only two of the ten patients
      observed, with an initial infection, had sterile urine on follow-up culture.  On
      follow-up study, of the four patients with bacteriuria of renal origin, one
      showed a sterile urine, two had cystitis, and one still had pyelonephritis.

PMID- 1097746
TI  - Carolus Linnaeus.

PMID- 1097747
TI  - Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole vs ampicillin in chronic urinary tract infections.
      A double-blind multicenter cooperative controlled study.
AB  - A multicenter, prospective, double-blind, controlled study was performed to
      compare the efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole with that of ampicillin in
      the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections. The incidence of adverse
      clinical signs and symptoms as well as abnormal laboratory values were comparable
      in the two treatment groups. This study appears to establish the fact that
      trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is an acceptable alternative to ampicillin for the
      treatment of chronic urinary tract infections caused by susceptible Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 1097748
TI  - Johann Christian Senckenberg.

PMID- 1097749
TI  - The 12th Report of the Human Renal Transplant Registry. Prepared by the Advisory
      Committee to the Renal Transplant Registry.
AB  - This report, the 12th, from the Renal Transplant Registry summarizes current
      results of kidney transplantation in man. There has been a trend toward
      increasing use of cadaveric sources for kidney transplantation. Results are
      summarized in five-year life-table analyses of recipient survival and graft
      function. Also, a summary of the results of special studies is provided. These
      include preparation of the recipient for transplantation by nephrectomy in
      various disease states, comparison of simple flushing with machine perfusion in
      cadaveric kidney storage, results of transplantation in the pediatric recipient,
      and the development of malignant neoplasm in graft recipients. A large study
      relating typing to graft function presents information at some variance from
      previous reports published in the United States.

PMID- 1097750
TI  - Dutch anatomist: Pieter Camper.

PMID- 1097751
TI  - Letter: Hemangiosarcoma.

PMID- 1097752
TI  - Louis Braille.

PMID- 1097753
TI  - Factitious meningitis. Diagnostic error due to nonviable bacteria in commercial
      lumbar puncture trays.
AB  - A cluster of five false-positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Gram stains led to an
      investigation of possible causes of specimen or smear contamination. Specimen
      tubes supplied in commercial lumbar puncture trays from the lot being used in the
      involved hospital were shown to contain nonviable bacteria, When filled with a
      test solution and processed in a manner similar to that used for processing CSF
      specimens, 10 of 12 tubes evaluated yielded Gram stains containing either Gram
      negative rods, diplococci, or coccobacilli. Before this problem was recognized,
      the patient from whom the first false-positive smear was obtained was treated for
      bacterial meningitis. It is important to realize that microbial contamination of
      commercial CSF specimen tubes can result in findings simulating those of early
      bacterial meningitis.

PMID- 1097754
TI  - Letter: Medicare: capricious decisions.

PMID- 1097755
TI  - Letter: The unknown Charles A. Lindbergh: medical scientist.

PMID- 1097756
TI  - Letter: Escherichia coli transport by Dalkon shield string.

PMID- 1097757
TI  - Niels Bohr.

PMID- 1097758
TI  - Quantitation of bidirectional shunt from a single dye-dilution curve.
AB  - A method for quantitating intracardiac bidirectional shunt and estimating its
      blood flow is presented. Three curves, defined as "right-to-left shunt curve",
      "normal pathway curve", and "left-to-right shunt curve" were separately drawn
      from the original downstream dye-dilution curve, and their areas ?A'', A, A',
      respectively, were calculated in the conventional manner. A'/A showed left-to
      right shunt ratio (QL-R%) even in the presence of right-to-left shunt. However,
      right-to-left shunt ratio (QR-L%) was given by (1-A'/A)/(A/A'' + 1--A'/A), and
      equalled A''/(A + A'') only when left-to-right shunt was absent (A' equals O).
      A''/(A + A) should become increasingly higher than QR-L% with rise in QL-R%
      (equals A'/A). The relationship between A''/(A + A'') and QR-L% for various A/A
      isopleths is shown by figure. A good agreement (r equals 0.848, p less than
      0.001) was found between QL-R% values by the present method and those calculated
      by the oxygen method. In contrast, QR-L% values by the present method were
      consistently lower than those by the oxygen method; the difference was
      exaggerated especially in cases with history of cardiac failure, and these cases
      tended to show lower systemic flow. The average difference in QR-L% between the
      two methods, found in cases free from failure, was 7 per cent. This was thought
      to be ascribed to intrapulmonary physiological shunt.

PMID- 1097759
TI  - [Proceedings: Radioisotope angiocardiography (I)].

PMID- 1097760
TI  - [Significance of intraperitoneal administration of antibiotics in abdominal
      surgery (author's transl)].

PMID- 1097761
TI  - [Bibliography of literature on antibiotics published in Japan. (7)].

PMID- 1097762
TI  - [Bibliography of literature on antibiotics published overseas. CVIII].

PMID- 1097764
TI  - [Foreign literature on antibiotics CIX].

PMID- 1097763
TI  - [Literature on antibiotics in Japan].

PMID- 1097766
TI  - [Studies on bacterial aerosol. Part 2. Analysis of bacteria in the air by the
      impinger method (author's transl)].

PMID- 1097765
TI  - [History of myasthenia gravis].

PMID- 1097767
TI  - Comparative studies on generalized transducing bacteriophages of Proteus
      mirabilis, phim and pi1.
AB  - Comparative studies were made on the generalized transducing bacteriophages of
      Proteus mirabilis phim (Nakaya and Rownd), pi1(Bohme), and a clear plaque-forming
      mutant phim-c, derived from phim. Electron microscopic observations revealed that
      these phages were morphologically identical, indicating that they belonged to the
      group C of Bradley's classification, or to the type C1 of Ackermann's
      classification. Phages phim and pi1 formed characteristic turbid plaques
      different from each other, and the plaques of pi1 were smaller in size than those
      of phim. The plaques of phage phim-c were clear and also were the largest in size
      among those studied. Average latent periods of phim and pi1 were 70 and 60 min,
      respectively. Average burst size was found to be 30 and 10 plaque-forming units
      per infected cell for phim and pi1, respectively. It was confirmed by cross
      neutralization tests that phim and pi1 differed serologically  from each other.
      The host range of the two phages also differed, and phage phim was more sensitive
      to heat than pi1. These results indicate that phages phim and pi1 are different
      types of phages. Majority of the properties of phage phim-c were nearly identical
      with those of phage phim except that the multiplication of phim-c was more
      strongly inhibited by methylene blue than that of phim and pi1. Phage phim-c is
      considered to be a clear mutant of phim.

PMID- 1097768
TI  - Nonspecific  elicitation of antibody-forming cells in the mouse spleen by
      bacterial lipopolysaccharide.
AB  - Mechanisms of nonspecific elicitation of anti-sheep erythrocyte (SRBC) hemolytic
      antibody plaqueforming cells (PFC) in mouse spleens with an injection of
      bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) were studied in comparison with
      the genesis of naturally occurring "background" PFC in normal mouse spleens and
      of rapidly arising PFC in mouse spleens after immunization with SRBC. The
      cytokinetic pattern of anti-SRBC PFC response after an injection of LPS was quite
      different from that of the response elicited after immunization with SRBC. In
      addition, even though LPS nonspecifically elicited anti-SRBC PFC response in
      mice, LPS could not confer any immunological memory on mouse immunocytess for a
      "secondary-type" anti-SRBC PFC response to restimulation with LPS or SRBC. The
      administration of rabbit anti-mouse thymocyte immunoglobulin or anti-SRBC
      antiserum in mice markedly suppressed the PFC response after immunization with
      SRBC, but did not do so after stimulation with LPS. Neonatally thymectomized mice
      could still respond to stimulation with LPS, producing anti-SRBC PFC in their
      spleens. Injections of actinomycin D or cyclophosphamide into mice resulted in
      obvious reductions of the PFC responses elicited by either LPS or SRBC. However,
      injections of these immunosuppressive antisera or drugs did not affect the number
      of anti-SRBC PFC in normal mouse spleens. These results suggest that the genesis
      of anti-SRBC PFC developed under different conditions, i.e., background PFC, LPS
      stimulated PFC, and antigen-stimulated PFC, are quite different from each other,
      and that the nonspecific elicitation of anti-SRBC PFC by LPS does not require the
      helper function of T lymphocytes. No obvious difference, however, was observed in
      the time of ontogenic maturation among these three different anti-SRBC PFC in the
      mouse spleens judging from when they were first manifested after birth.

PMID- 1097769
TI  - [In search of unknown nursing literature. (3). A book of nursing of the Edo
      Period, "Byoke Suchi". 2].

PMID- 1097771
TI  - The alcoholic and the emergency department.

PMID- 1097770
TI  - Winds of change. Anita N. Dorr Memorial Lecture.

PMID- 1097772
TI  - The future of nursing in emergency care.

PMID- 1097773
TI  - Nurse-scribe system saves time in the E.D.

PMID- 1097774
TI  - A position paper: roles, responsibilities and relationship of EDNA to emergency
      medical technicians and the system of prehospital emergency care.

PMID- 1097775
TI  - Law and the emergency nurse: "nurse supervision of the ED patient".

PMID- 1097776
TI  - Sexual assault: signs and symptoms.

PMID- 1097777
TI  - Inservice training for rural nurses in emergency care concepts and skills.

PMID- 1097778
TI  - Rituals and risks in rural emergencies.

PMID- 1097779
TI  - Use of computer-aided instruction in graduate nursing education: a controlled
      trial.

PMID- 1097780
TI  - Law and the emergency nurse. Malpractice insurance.

PMID- 1097781
TI  - Perspective on developing a standardized curriculum and a certification process
      for emergency nursing.

PMID- 1097782
TI  - Battered-child syndrome and the ED nurse.

PMID- 1097783
TI  - Emergent care of burn victims.

PMID- 1097784
TI  - Advanced preparation for clinical specialists in burns.

PMID- 1097785
TI  - Eyes ears nose and throat emergencies: triage and treatment.

PMID- 1097786
TI  - Diagnosing acute myocardial infarction in the emergency department.

PMID- 1097788
TI  - When a headache is not just a headache.

PMID- 1097787
TI  - The versatile Foley catheter.

PMID- 1097789
TI  - The case of the pulled arm: how not to correct a subluxated radius.

PMID- 1097790
TI  - Minimizing the effects of soft tissue injuries.

PMID- 1097791
TI  - Editorial: Why wasn't the nurse consulted?

PMID- 1097793
TI  - Specialist in patient transfer.

PMID- 1097792
TI  - Emergency medical technician--ambulance: bringing professional care to the
      victim.

PMID- 1097794
TI  - Mobile intensive care unit nurse.

PMID- 1097795
TI  - Glossary of EMS terms.

PMID- 1097796
TI  - Federal involvement in EMS.

PMID- 1097797
TI  - Involving the public in EMS.

PMID- 1097799
TI  - Emergency medical services: problems, programs and policies.

PMID- 1097798
TI  - Emergency medical service systems: a concept whose time has come.

PMID- 1097800
TI  - Legal ramifications for the ED nurse practitioner.

PMID- 1097801
TI  - Anna, Vivien, and the King of Cyan (osis).

PMID- 1097802
TI  - [Evgenii Mikhailovich Tareev].

PMID- 1097803
TI  - [Characteristics of the islet apparatus of the pancreas in rats with genetic
      spontaneous hypertension].
AB  - In spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at the age of 7-9 weeks a poor
      development of the beta-cellular part of the islet-cell tissue was found, as
      compared to normotensive Wistar rats of the same age (a lower number of beta
      cellular islets, decreased mass of the islet-cell tissue). With glucose load in
      SHR hyperglycemia was more distinct and longer lasting, which indicates the
      development of insulin insufficiency in them, in a situation demanding forced
      insulin incretion. A histochemical examination proved a reduction of the insulin
      content in the islet-cells of these animals, as compared with the control ones.
      The above mentioned changes evidently do not pertain to the primary genetically
      determined pathology of their pancreas, but are of a secondary nature of atrophy
      of the insulin-forming tissue, that is probably conditioned by the decreased
      tissue requirements (target) for insulin due to the increased permeability of the
      cell membranes.

PMID- 1097804
TI  - [Changing aspects of clinical cardiology].

PMID- 1097805
TI  - Liver cirrhosis: immunofluorescence and biochemical studies demonstrate two types
      of collagen.
AB  - Pepsin solubilization of small and large noduled liver cirrhosis yielded two
      types of collagen (precipitated at 1.7 and 2.5 M NaCl concentrations) as
      demonstrated by electronmicroscopy. The 1.7 M NaCl precipitate was identified as
      type III collagen using an immunofluorescence technique. The 2.5 M NaCl
      precipitate appeared to be type I in the electronmicroscope. However,
      immunofluorescent and biochemical studies indicated that it was not type I but a
      type of collagen not yet described.

PMID- 1097806
TI  - [Cholestatic jaundice following disseminated intravascular coagulation ("shock
      liver") (author's transl)].
AB  - Recently we gained increasing evidence of the fact that cholostatic syndromes in
      young infants are frequently associated with preceeding shock and disseminated
      intravascular coagulation.  This is illustrated by the case of a 4 weeks-old male
      infant with urosepticemia due to E. coli, which was successfully treated with
      additional streptokinase.  Therefore, in the age-group of early infancy we have
      to pay attention to the liver as a potential shock-organ similar to the well
      known shock organs such as kidneys, lungs, skin and brain.

PMID- 1097807
TI  - [The effect of caerulein on gastric mucosal blood-flow and gastric secretion
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of Caerulein, a decapeptide produced from the skin of the Australian
      frog Hyla caerulea, on the mucosal blood-flow and the gastric acid secretion as
      well as the pepsin secretion has been investigated in 15 patients. Caerulein
      administered at a dose rate of 0.1 mug/kg-h significantly inhibited the gastric
      mucosal blood-flow (p greater than 0.005) and the acid secretion (0.05 greater
      than p greater than 0.01), which had been stimulated by pentagastrin at a dose
      rate of 1.5 mug/kg-h. The pepsin secretion stimulated with pentagastrin also
      decreased, but not significantly. Caerulein at the above mentioned dose rate
      however caused a slight but not significant increase of the acid secretion
      stimulated by 40 mug histamine/kg-h. At the same time, gastric mucosal blood-flow
      and pepsin output decreased slightly but not significantly. Caerulein given alone
      stimulates acid secretion, yet it causes a significant reduction of the acid
      output when administered together with pentagastrin. This response has to be
      explained by the fact, that the similar chemical structure of pentagastrin and
      caerulein leads to a competitive inhibition.  The mucosal blood-flow of the
      stomach measured with the heat-clearance technique also decreases with the
      administration of caerulein after pentagastrin stimulation. The fact that the
      mucosal blood-flow remains unchanged after the administration of histamine,
      suggests that the reduction in mucosal blood-flow observed with pentagastrin is a
      consequence and not the cause of the acid inhibition occurring at the same stage.

PMID- 1097808
TI  - [Russian medical doctors--contemporaries and followers of M.V. Lomonosov (on the
      250th anniversary of the USSR Academy of Sciences)].

PMID- 1097809
TI  - [Incidence of leukemia and other hemoblastoses].

PMID- 1097810
TI  - [Morphological characteristics of the cells of tissue lymphogranulomatosis].

PMID- 1097811
TI  - [Outstanding Soviet therapeutist - AMS USSR Academician E.M. Tareev  on his 80th
      birthday)].

PMID- 1097812
TI  - [Protein complex of blood in acute crisis of graft rejection after kidney
      allotransplantation].

PMID- 1097813
TI  - [Great Patriotic War and problems of clinical medicine].

PMID- 1097814
TI  - [Use of a specialized computer system in a clinic].

PMID- 1097815
TI  - [M.Ia Mudrov and military medicine].

PMID- 1097817
TI  - [Contribution of the journal "Clinical Medicine" to the establishment of the
      Soviet military-field therapy].

PMID- 1097816
TI  - [Military-naval therapy during the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1097818
TI  - [Blood transfusion in the system of treatment of the wounded during the Great
      Patriotic War 1941-1945].

PMID- 1097819
TI  - [Transfusion-infusion aid to the wounded and sick].

PMID- 1097820
TI  - [Notes of an Army therapeutist].

PMID- 1097821
TI  - [Bronchospastic syndrome in practice of an Army physician].

PMID- 1097822
TI  - [Problem of chronic pyelonephritis in a therapeutic clinic].

PMID- 1097823
TI  - Restraint, venipuncture, endotracheal intubation, and anesthesia of miniature
      swine.
AB  - Miniature swine are useful as experimental animals for investigations involving
      major surgical procedures, provided that proper restraint and anesthetic methods
      are employed. The methods and drugs described herein are not intended to be all
      inclusive but rather those found most applicable to a wide variety of studies
      with miniature swine at this laboratory. This report is intended primarily to
      guide those unfamiliar in handling miniature swine during initiation of studies
      with that species. For chemical restraint during minor procedures, diazepam, at a
      dose of 5.5-8.5 mg/kg im, has become the drug of choice. For surgical anesthesia,
      optimal results have been obtained using thiamylal sodium iv for induction of
      anesthesia and maintained by 0.5-1.5% halothane administered via an endotracheal
      cannula. Pentobarbital sodium may be used to produce surgical anesthesia but is
      generally unsatisfactory except for terminal procedures. Electroanesthesia, even
      with concomitant use of tranquilizing drugs, is difficult to control and results
      in very poor muscle relaxation.

PMID- 1097824
TI  - Experimental transmission of atypical ileal hyperplasia of hamsters.
AB  - Conditions for oral transmission of atypical ileal hyperplasia (AIH) in weanling
      hamsters were established and 22 passages were made. AIH was transmitted by
      feeding whole cell-free supernatants of ileal homogenates. The etiologic agent(s)
      was retained by 0.22 mum pore-size filters and was inactivated by chloroform
      treatment or by heating at 56 degrees C for 30 min. Enteric bacteria from
      affected animals also induced AIH, but with a lower morbidity and mortality than
      following inoculation with ileal extracts. Experimentally induced lesions
      progressed from marked segmental hyperplasia of ileal mucosa to granulomatous
      inflammation in underlying connective tissue and muscle tunics. Hyperplastic
      mucosal epithelium penetrated the muscularis mucosa, but metastases were not
      detected. Serum antibody from exposed animals reacted specifically, by indirect
      immunofluorescence, with an intracytoplasmic mucosal cell antigen(s) of
      autologous and homogolous ileal lesions, but antibody did not react with normal
      ileal mucosa or with unaffected portions of intestine from animals bearing ileal
      lesions.

PMID- 1097825
TI  - Parabiotic reinnervation: surgical technic and animal care.
AB  - A technic called parabiotic reinnervation was developed to test the hypothesis
      that a derangement of the trophic function normally exerted by a nerve on a
      muscle is an element in the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy in the 129/ReJ
      dydy mouse. The technic involves the reinnervation of the muscles of the anterior
      compartment of the hind limb of 1 animal (the recipient) by the peroneal nerve of
      another animal (the donor). Survival of the parabiosed animals depends on
      attention to nutrition and cage environment.

PMID- 1097826
TI  - A rapid method for skin grafting in germfree rats.
AB  - A rapid method for skin grafting in germfree rats was developed. Six mm grafts
      are punched out on the tails of host and donor rats, grafts exchanged, oriented,
      and bound in place with non-allergic tape. Autografts healed within 5 da; first
      set allografts between strains were usually rejected within 10 da. This technic
      provides a simple method for the assessment of skin graft responses in the
      germfree environment.

PMID- 1097827
TI  - Basophilic degeneration of myocardium: an ultrastructural study.
AB  - The basophilic degeneration of myocardial cells is frequently observed in
      pathology. We studied the ultrastructure of the degeneration in human myocardial
      samples.  Thelesion varied in different regions that could be grouped in three
      various types.  One ofthe regions seems to be the point of origin of the
      degeneration; mitochondrial streaks, elements of the smooth or rough sarcoplasmic
      reticulum, and polyribisomes are found init.  All of the  structures are
      surrounded by a substance rich in fine filaments and microvesticles.  The other
      two regions are more compact; one is composed mainly of osmiophilic flakes and
      the other consists almost exclusively of filaments, some of them showinga
      periodicity of 200 A. The affected cells seem to be suffering from abnormal
      glycogen metabolism.  The substance found in basophilic degeneration shows a
      stron similarityto the corpora amylacea and the Lafora bodies.  This substance is
      probably a glycoprotein and seems to accumulate because of a betabolic
      disturbance.

PMID- 1097828
TI  - Homologous heterotopic porcine liver transplantation.

PMID- 1097829
TI  - Hamster-to-rat cardiac xenografts. A useful model for transplantation studies.

PMID- 1097830
TI  - Considerations appropriate to a clinical trial of definitive radiation therapy in
      adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
AB  - The Author describes criteria for selection of patients who might be eligible for
      entry into a clinical trial of definitive Radiation Therapy for adenocarcinoma of
      the pancreas. Most emphasis is placed on careful surgical staging, target volume
      and location, and the use of bypass procedures when appropriate.

PMID- 1097831
TI  - Prospectives for cell and organ culture systems in the study of pancreatic
      carcinoma.
AB  - Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is presumed to arise from ductal cell precursors.
      This brief article questions the definitions on which this assumption is based
      and suggests possible ways to answer the question since for future studies on the
      etiology of this cancer it is imperative to study the appropriate cell of origin.
      Possible approaches for future work on pancreatic carcinogenesis utilizing cell
      and organ culture systems are discussed.

PMID- 1097832
TI  - Pancreatic exocrine secretory proteins.

PMID- 1097833
TI  - Palatal reconstruction utilizing retrieved forehead flap.
AB  - Ablation of tumors involving the tonsil and retromolar trigone complex often
      require partial resection of the soft palate. The pharyngeal wall defect is well
      reconstructed with the forehead flap. We have used the distal portion of the
      severed inserted forehead flap to reconstruct the soft palate defect successfully
      in 35 cases. The nasopharyngeal surface is lined with a book-flap from the
      remaining palate. This provides full palatal reconstruction with nasopharyngeal
      mucosa lining: thus preventing flap contracture and the unwanted sequelae of
      nasopharyngeal air and fluid reflux.

PMID- 1097834
TI  - Cervical-pectoral flaps in the treatment of advanced oral cancer.
AB  - Twenty-two of 90 patients with carcinoma of the anterior oral cavity treated at
      the Minneapolis Veterans Administration Hospital from 1965 through 1973 had
      advanced lesions - tumors attached to the mandible and/or more than 3 cm in size.
      These patients were treated by primary radical neck dissection, en bloc excision,
      and segmental mandibulectomy. A cervical-pectoral flap combination was used for
      reconstruction. The functional and cosmetic results were excellent. Patient
      survival and cure rate compare favorably with other series. We emphasize the need
      for wide initial resection with immediate reconstruction.

PMID- 1097835
TI  - Appendectomy, tonsillectomy, and neoplasia.
AB  - Reports in the literature that study the frequency of cancer in individual who
      have had their tonsils or appendix or both removed are reviewed. Some
      investigators found a high incidence of solid cancers - in particular, breast and
      colon neoplasms - in female patients who have had appendectomy, but others
      disagreed. The association of tonsillectomy and/or appendectomy with the later
      development of malignant lymphomas is not proven.

PMID- 1097836
TI  - Cardiac function early after repair of tetralogy of Fallot.
AB  - Hemodynamics of 12 patients with tetralogy of Fallot were monitored during the
      first 72 hours after surgical repair. Total immediate repair in 5 patients was
      followed after 24 hours by a greater decrease in cardiac index than that observed
      in the group of 4 patients with previous palliative shunt (minus 25 plus or minus
      6 vs. minus 1 plus or minus 7 per cent, p smaller than 0.025). This difference
      disappeared after 48 hours, and the short-term follow-up periods of these two
      groups were equally smooth. Six patients with pulmonary stenosis requiring the
      placement of an outflow patch had higher right ventricular filling pressures
      (after 24 hours 13.8 vs. 10.8 mm. Hg, p smaller than 0.025; 2 to 4 weeks later
      9.6 vs. 5.5 mm. Hg, p smaller than 0.05), suggestive of a persistent right
      ventricular depression. This ventricular depression must be attributed to the
      induced pulmonary insufficiency and to the presence of akinetic areas. Both these
      factors should therefore be carefully minimized during the surgical procedure.

PMID- 1097837
TI  - Presidential address: a time for insight and reflection.

PMID- 1097838
TI  - Surgery in the sub-Arctic: a thoracic surgeon's odyssey.

PMID- 1097839
TI  - Consturction of new right ventricle on the epicardium: a possible correction for
      underdevelopment of the right ventricle.
AB  - By covering almost the entire right ventricular free wall and the anterior wall
      of the left ventricle with a Teflon cloth, we constructed a new chamber on the
      epicardium of a canine heart. An aortic homograft with the aortic valve was
      anastomosed to the right atrium as an inlet of this chamber. Another aortic
      homograft was sutured to the main pulmonary artery as an outlet. Pressure
      produced in this chamber ranged 25 to 55 mm. Hg and its first derivative was 450
      to 1,870 mm. Hg per second. Thus this chamber had an excellent capability of
      epicardium will yield more physiological benefits to patients with an agenetic or
      hypoplastic right ventricle than do the current surgical procedures, in which a
      conduit is interposed between the right atrium and the main pulmonary artery. The
      procedures proposed could pressurize the pulmonary circulation and produce a
      pulsatile flow.

PMID- 1097840
TI  - Platelet support for cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.
AB  - After we discontinued the use of fresh blood for cardiopulmonary bypass surgery,
      we routinely provided platelet concentrates for the patients. To ascertain if
      this was necessary, patients paired for procedure and age were given either 4
      units of platelets (Group I) or no platelets (Group II). Platelet counts were
      obtained preoperatively; hourly during bypass; immediately, 1/2 hour, and 3 to 4
      hours after bypass; and daily for 7 postoperative days. In the 60 patients
      evaluated, a significant difference between mean platelet counts could not be
      demonstrated at any time. Total blood use and the total time required for
      postbypass hemostasis was not significantly different between the two groups. The
      degree of thrombocytopenia could not be correlated by bypass time. Platelet
      concentrates or fresh blood are not needed prophylactically for cardiopulmonary
      bypass surgery, and their usage should be reserved for the occasional patient who
      manifests thrombocytopenia as well as hemorrhagic complications.

PMID- 1097841
TI  - Morphologic observations on heart valve prostheses made of fascia lata.
AB  - A cooperative, international study permitted morphologic observations on 58
      fascia lata heart valve prosthese. Thirty-nine had been in position less than a
      year, the remainder for periods up to 50 months. The fascial cusps, no matter
      whether free or stent mounted, underwent changes that included death of the
      original fascia and vacuolar, degenerative changes if a valve had been in situ
      more than 3 years. Formation of a pseudointima on a cusp's surface caused it to
      shrink. The rate of progression and severity of the changes varied from
      prosthesis to prosthesis. Severe cusp shrinkage caused valve incompetence. That
      seemed particularly likely in mitral and tricuspid prostheses and explains why
      their use has been abandoned. Clinically, fascia lata aortic valves function
      satisfactorily for several years. However, their long-term value is still
      uncertain. Morphologically, the specter of late calcification and other
      degenerative changes haunt their use until more, from long-term survivors, are
      available for study.

PMID- 1097842
TI  - Lymphocele: a significant complication following renal transplantation.
AB  - Six pelvic lymphoceles occurred in a series of 88 renal transplants. All of the
      patients had ipsilateral leg edema and one-half had a urinary tract infection
      and/or pain. Displacement of the urinary bladder away from the kidney with or
      without some degree of ureteral obstruction was diagnostic. External or internal
      drainage resulted in reliev of the symptoms.

PMID- 1097843
TI  - Isiopathic postpartum renal failure: review and case report of a successful renal
      transplantation.
AB  - Idiopathic postpartum renal failure is a syndrome of acute, rapidly progressive
      oliguria, azotemia, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia occurring shortly after
      a normal pregnancy and usually terminating fatally.  Of 25 patients described in
      the literature, 8 survived: 1 recovered almost normal renal function, 4 had renal
      functional impairment, and 3 required maintenance hemodialysis.  This report
      concerns a patient who survived after nephrectomy, hemodialysis, and successful
      renal transplantation from a living related donor.  Theoretic and experimental
      studies indicate that heparin, platelet inhibitors, and fibrinolytic agents
      should be beneficial if given early.  If the disease progresses to the
      irreversible stage, nephrectomy and renal transplantation are warranted since the
      disorder does not seem to recur after transplantation.

PMID- 1097844
TI  - The cerebrospinal fluid.

PMID- 1097845
TI  - The viral theory of connective tissue diseases: a review.
AB  - For many years evidence for a viral aetiology of connective tissue diseases such
      as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis has been sought by a
      variety of methods, including attempts at direct isolation, the study of
      rheumatoid synovial cells, ultrastructural examination of pathological material
      and assays of anti-viral antibody. No convincing proof has yet been obtained.
      However, a better understanding of the mechanisms of viral persistence, and the
      ways in which host defences can be subverted by viral infections has prompted
      other ways of approaching this problem. A viral aetiology for this group of
      diseases remains an attractive but unsubstantiated hypothesis.

PMID- 1097846
TI  - State response to federal policy: children, EPSDT, and the Medicaid Muddle.
AB  - The implementation in Connecticut of Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis and
      Treatment (EPSDT), a program of comprehensive medical care for needy children,
      illustrates the complexities engendered by federally mandated state-administered
      health programs.  The EPSDT amendments to Title V and Title XIX (Medicaid) were
      ambiguous on four major issues: administrative responsibility, costs,
      eligibility, and scope of services.  The problems experienced by federal,
      regional, state, and local administrators in resolving these issues illustrate
      the weaknesses inherent in federal-state relations, and the contrasting roles
      health and welfare agencies under Medicaid have played in the development of
      health policy.  Connecticut may represent maximum limits to state performance in
      carrying out EPSDT because it is a rich state, ranking high in medical resources
      and in the provision of Medicaid services.  During the first year of
      implementation of EPSDT, the program had little impact: less than 5 percent of
      eligible children were served.  State policies, which contravened federal policy,
      precluded effective resolution of the legislative ambiguities; no new services
      were added, the organization of health services remained unchanged and
      fragmented; and the State Health Department played only a limited role.

PMID- 1097847
TI  - Cost-sharing and prior authorization effects on Medicaid services in California: 
      Part II: The providers' reactions.
AB  - Providers for California's Medical program were interviewed to determine their
      reaction to the copayment experiment.  Private physicians, pharmacists, and
      nursing homes routinely collected the copayments and though it was not a
      particular hardship on the patients.  Hospital outpatient departments often did
      not collect.  Physicians both in hospitals and in private practice generally did
      not know which patients were copayers and hence copayment had no effect on their
      practice.  Pharmacists reported some delay and some selectivity on the part of
      patients in the filling of their prescriptions.  All providers felt as much more
      harassment and interference from  the concurrent prior authorization
      requirements.  This effect may have swamped copayment effects.

PMID- 1097848
TI  - Risk vulnerability and enrollment in a prepaid group practice.
AB  - An hypothesis that specifies conditions under which risk vulnerability factors
      are associated with enrollment in prepaid practices is presented and tested.  We
      assert that such factors as illness histories and previous use of medical
      services are linearly and positively associated with enrollment when the prepaid
      option offers significantly lower marginal out-of-pocket costs.  The hypothesis
      is supported by observations from a prostpective study of a lowincome population.

PMID- 1097849
TI  - The potential for radiation sensitizers and possible strategy for use.
AB  - The search for radiation sensitzers for use in radiotherapy is based on the
      assumption that proper use of these compounds will provide a differential
      sensitization of tumor and normal tissue. Based on the evidence that hypoxic
      cells exist within human tumors but not within normal cell populations, there is
      reason to believe that specific sensitizers of hypoxic cells might provide useful
      therapeutic benefit. This paper discusses the possible advantages of such
      sensitizers, over reliance on the phenomenon of reoxygenation, and describes very
      briefly the current status of hypoxic cell sensitizers. Finally a proposal is
      made concerning the way in which such sensitizers might be tested for their
      efficacy in human radiotherapy.

PMID- 1097850
TI  - Nasal reconstruction.
AB  - Congenital malformations, trauma, benign or malignant tumors may call for
      reconstructive surgical procedures to cover the defect. In order to establish a
      proper diagnosis a careful examination including X-rays and biopsies is
      mandatory. A close contact with with the radiotherapist is most desirable in
      order to combine the therapy if necessary. After the excision of scars or growth,
      we differentiate between three phases of treatment: 1. The immediate
      reconstruction either by local flaps or by free grafts. 2. The delayed excision
      of the tumor after the establishment of the proper diagnosis. This waiting period
      (two to three weeks) is used to preform the missing nasal parts in the vicinity
      of the lesion either on the cheek or forehead. Rib cartilage with split skin
      grafts or composite grafts is used for this purpose. After the excision of the
      tumor the nasal reconstruction is carried out during the same operation. 3. Tumor
      excision and coverage of the raw surface with split grafts in order to inspect
      the area for several months for any recurrence and the delayed reconstruction
      with adjacent or distant flaps. The operative techniques are described.

PMID- 1097851
TI  - Obituary (Dr. Ernest Muir).

PMID- 1097853
TI  - The diagnosis of leprosy: clinical and bacteriological.

PMID- 1097852
TI  - Leproma of the mouse foot.

PMID- 1097854
TI  - Letter: Bacterial load in nasal mucosa of leprosy patients.

PMID- 1097855
TI  - The trend of leprosy in Cebu Province, Philippines.

PMID- 1097856
TI  - ["All to the front! All for victory!" (on the 30th anniversary of victory in the
      1941-1945 Great Patriotic War)].

PMID- 1097857
TI  - [Device for analog-digital conversion of cardiosignals].

PMID- 1097858
TI  - Diabetic retinopathy.
AB  - Retinopathy is present in 60%-80% of long-term diabetics, and 5%-10% of diabetics
      surviving 20 yr from the time of diagnosis will be blind, mostly from
      retinopathy, which is now the commonest cause of newly diagnosed blindness in the
      30-65 yr age group. The mean survival time after a diagnosis of retinopathy is
      only 5 yr. The natural history of diabetic retinopathy is now being understood
      more clearly. Mild background retinopathy, characterised by microaneurysms or
      scattered hard exudates, may progress to maculopathy, with macular vascular
      pathology leading to exudates and edema at the macula; this is most common in
      older patients. It may also lead to proliferative retinopathy, which may progress
      slowly with new vessels and fibrous-tissue formation, or rapidly with widespread
      capillary closure and soft-exudate formation, extensive neovascularisation,
      hemorrhages, and blindness. The changes of diabetic retinopathy can be documented
      using retinal photography, and several grading methods have been devised that are
      useful for evaluation treatment. The cause of diabetic retinopathy is still
      unclear. Evidence for incriminating genetic factors, growth-hormone excess, and
      hypoxia associated with changes in blood flow and retinal metabolism are
      reviewed. Insulin responses and plasma triglyceride seem to be different in
      maturity-onset diabetics with retinopathy when compared with those in whom this
      complication is absent. Most physicians agree that good diabetic control may both
      lower the incidence of retinopathy and reduce the speed of its progress. While
      there is little evidence that drugs are ever of much value in this condition, the
      role of photocoagulation both by laser and xenon arc is becoming clearer with
      increased experience of these techniques, and the current situation is reviewed.
      Pituitary ablation is a very drastic method of treatment and should never be used
      as a desperate measure in a patient with advanced proliferative disease. It is,
      however, the treatment of choice in early florid retinopathy, when it proves the
      only chance to arrest the condition. Some new techniques of vitreous surgery are
      now being developed and the possible role of these in the management of patients
      with advanced proliferative disease is briefly reviewed.

PMID- 1097859
TI  - Methods for studying pituitary-hypothalamic axis in situ.

PMID- 1097860
TI  - The in vitro perfused pancreas.

PMID- 1097861
TI  - Use of O2microtechniques for assessment of hormone effects on isolated endocrine
      cells.

PMID- 1097862
TI  - Editorial: Treatment of herpes simplex.

PMID- 1097863
TI  - John Francis Molloy: our first general practitioner.

PMID- 1097864
TI  - Topical treatment of recurrent herpes simplex with cytosine arabinoside.
AB  - A double-blind controlled clinical trial of the topical use of cytosine
      arabinoside in recurrent herpes simplex of the face and genital region showed no
      significant difference in the efficiency of a placebo as compared with cytosine
      arabinoside. The high rate of placebo response (70%) found in this trial makes
      the assessment of any drug treatment for herpes simplex particularly difficult.

PMID- 1097865
TI  - Surgery in China: part 1.

PMID- 1097866
TI  - Effect of soya bean milk on the healing of gastric ulcers -- a controlled
      endoscopic study.
AB  - Soya bean milk was given orally in doses of 150 ml second-hourly (7 a.m. to 11
      p.m. daily) to 10 Chinese subjects with proven gastric ulcer for two weeks. The
      control group consisted of 10 Chinese subjects with proven gastric ulcer who did
      not receive soya bean milk therapy. All were inpatients and were given bed rest.
      Gastric ulcer healing was assessed endoscopically with a duodenofibrescope.
      Endoscopic visualization and colour photography of the ulcer crater were
      undertaken just before and after two weeks of treatment. In the soya bean milk
      group, complete healing was seen in two cases, considerable healing in four
      cases, slight healing in two cases, and no healing in two cases. In the control
      group, complete healing was seen in no cases, considerably healing in three
      cases, slight healing in four cases, and no healing in three cases. The mean
      ulcer healing grade was 1.600 in the soya bean milk group as compared with 1.000
      in the controls. The difference was not statistically significant. There was no
      significant difference between the two groups in the initial ulcer size, age and
      sex distribution. Although the effect on gastric ulcer healing was not
      significant, soya bean milk has been shown to be effective in the relief of
      peptic ulcer pain.

PMID- 1097867
TI  - William Chia.

PMID- 1097868
TI  - Edwin Charles Gibson.

PMID- 1097869
TI  - A controlled study of a tetracyclic antidepressant--maprotiline (Ludiomil).
AB  - Maprotiline (Ludiomil) is a dibenzo bicyclooctadiene pharmacologically related to
      the tricyclic antidepressants and stereochemically having a tetracyclic
      structure. A controlled, double-blind comparison of maprotiline and imipramine in
      a group of 71 female outpatients with primary depression is presented.
      Maprotiline was found to be at least as effective as imipramine and significantly
      better in depressive neurosis. It also showed a bipolar action, being effective
      in both agitation and retardation.

PMID- 1097870
TI  - Edgar John Rouse.

PMID- 1097871
TI  - Editorial: Education placement of the child with spina bifida.

PMID- 1097872
TI  - Donald Charles Cameron sword.

PMID- 1097873
TI  - Carl de Gruchy.

PMID- 1097874
TI  - [New points in lymphocyte characterization in chronic lymphatic leukemia].

PMID- 1097875
TI  - [Acute leukemia in the terminal phase of Hodgkin's disease: a consequence of the
      depressed immune function?].
AB  - A 52 year old patient suffering from Hodgkin's disease received ionizing
      radiation and chemotherapy. 7 years after the diagnosis was made he died of acute
      leukemia. In the recent past similar cases were reported in the literature. There
      it was suggested that the leukemogenic effect of treatment may be an etiological
      factor for the development of leukemia. The clinical and experimental data show
      that the immune function of thymus-dependent lymphocytes is depressed in patients
      with Hodgkin's disease. According to the Burnet's immune surveillance theory the
      T-lymphocytes eliminate malignant cells in an early stage. If this T-dependent
      immune function is depressed - as in Hodgkin's disease - further malignancies may
      develop.

PMID- 1097876
TI  - [Monocytic leukemias with unusual clinical presentations].
AB  - In clinical hematology the terms "monocytic" leukemia and "reticulosis" still 
      require better definition and classification. By presenting the histories of
      eight patients and by cytology and cytochemistry it is shown that myelo-monocytic
      leukemias can have the course well-known for an acute leukemia, including
      different skin lesions, as well as that of an typical chronic granulocytic
      leukemia. In dermatology monocytic leukemias were considered as belonging to the
      entity of the so-called reticulosarcomatosis cutis. However, strict
      differentiation from the hiary cell leukemia is to be made today. The general
      term "reticuloses" has quite faulty been used formerly for classification of
      these last two disorders.

PMID- 1097877
TI  - [100 years of plasma cell. A contribution to the history of blood-cell research].

PMID- 1097878
TI  - [Testing of the bronchodilator NAB 365 in a double blind trial author's transl].
AB  - In a double blind trial NAD 365 (3 X 10 and 20 mug), Salbutamol (3 X 2,0 mg), and
      Terbutalin (3 X 2,5 mg) were compared for 14 days. In a total of 96 patients five
      parameters concerning function were tested-p02, pC02, airway resistance (Rt),
      intrathoracic gas volume (IGV), and forced expiratory flow. Although the doses
      for NAB 365 were considerably lower than those of the comparative substances, the
      degree of efficacy for NAB 365, Salbutamol and Terbutalin was the same. Adverse
      reactions of all three substances under consideration were negligible. The higher
      dose of NAB 365 showed the least favoralbe result in this respect.

PMID- 1097879
TI  - [Diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic function].

PMID- 1097880
TI  - [Theoretical and clinical aspects of the antacid therapy].

PMID- 1097881
TI  - [Isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica in acute ileitis].
AB  - 2246 stool specimens were specifically testet for Yersinia enterocolitica during
      1973/74. In one case it was possible to isolate a strain of Yersinia
      enterocolitica (0-group I of Knapp/Serotype 3 of Winblad) from the feces of a
      patient suffering of acute ileitis. A high agglutinine-titer was serologically
      detected against a bacterial suspension of the isolated strain as well as of a
      reference strain (Serotype 3 of Winblad). The antibody-titer was 1 : 3200 by the
      first examination and dropped to 1 : 160 after two months. A reisolation attempt
      was unsuccessful.

PMID- 1097882
TI  - Medico-legal society.

PMID- 1097883
TI  - Carbenoxolone sodium for gastric ulcer.

PMID- 1097884
TI  - Historic hospitals. L'Hotel-Dieu de Quebec.

PMID- 1097885
TI  - [Biological and clinical problems in the use of metal implants for the retention
      of partial and total prostheses].

PMID- 1097886
TI  - [A new type of removable prosthesis with a wire shock absorber].

PMID- 1097887
TI  - [Ultrasound for the elimination of dental calculus].

PMID- 1097888
TI  - Accumulation of replicating bacterial plasmid DNA during thymine limitation or
      hydroxyurea treatment.
AB  - The rate of DNA chain elongation of a thymine auxotroph of Proteus mirabilis
      harboring an R factor was reduced by either thymine limitation or treatment with
      hydroxyurea.  Using CsCl density gradient centrifugation, sedimentation in
      sucrose gradients, and electron microscopy, it has been shown that the fraction
      of total R factor DNA which is in the process of replication is greatly increased
      when the rate of DNA chain elongation is reduced while the initiation of plasmid
      replication continues at the normal rate.  This makes possible the isolation and
      characterization of replicating plasmid DNA.  Electron microscopy revealed that
      replicating R factor DNA consists of double-branched (theta type) circular
      molecules.

PMID- 1097889
TI  - Non-enzymatic translocation in ribosomes from streptomycin-resistant mutants of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The capablity of ribosomes of four types of streptomycin-resistant mutants (A1,
      A2, A40 and A60) for non-enzymatic (EF-G--GTP-independent) translocation was
      tested.  It was found that an A40 type mutation (amino acid replacement in
      position 87 of the protein S12 polypeptide chain) leads to activation of the
      capablity of the ribosome to perform spontaneous non-enzymatic translocation,
      while type A1, A2 and A60 mutations (amino acid replacements in position 42 of
      protein S12) does not give such an effect.  Thus, it is shown that non-enzymatic
      translocation can be activated not only by the earlier described damage of the
      protein S12 by para-chloromercuribenzoate or by the complete removal of protein
      S12, but also by a definate mutational alteration of the protein.  Preliminary
      data are also reported on the possibility of activating non-enzymatic
      translocation by combinations of mutational alterations of the ribosomal proteins
      other than protein S12 but interdepending with it (such as S4 and S5).

PMID- 1097890
TI  - Conjugational behaviour of N plasmids in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - R factors of the N incompatibility group apparently transfer at low frequencies
      (often 10(-6)-10(-5) per donor cell) in 30 min liquid matings.  However, the
      level of transfer is greatly increased when donor-recipient mixtures are held on
      solid medium selective for the recipient only, prior to transconjugant selection.
      Increase in transconjugant recovery is still donor-dependent at plating and
      therefore arises from mating on the plate.  The process limiting N-mediated
      conjugation in liquid is probably mating pair formation, suggesting that the
      increase in yield of transconjugants may result from provision of a solid
      substrate for mating pair formation rather than from the delay in selection per
      se.  The kinetics of N plasmid transfer on solid medium resemble those of
      traniments suggest that RP4, the prototype P incompatibility group plasmid, shows
      a stimulation of transfer on solid medium similar to the N plasmids studied.  We
      suggest that N, and probably P, plasmids are (like F and the col V's) naturally
      derepressed for fertility, but this is masked by the imcompetence in liquid
      matings of donors carrying them.

PMID- 1097892
TI  - A method for isolating nonsense suppressors in enterobacteriaceae using an amber
      mutant of the drug resistance factor R1.
AB  - We describe here the isolation of a mutant derivative of the drug resistance
      factor R1 (Meynell and Datta, 1966) that carries a nonsense mutation in a gene
      determining resistance to penicillins.  We have used this mutant R1 to isolate
      derivatives of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that contain nonsense
      suppressors (Sup- strains) by screening penicillin-resistant revertants of
      strains containing the mutant R factor for the presence of such suppressors. 
      This obviates the need to have known nonsense mutations in chromosomal genes. 
      Theoretically, suppressor-containing derivatives of any bacterial species that
      can maintain and express R1 can be constructed.

PMID- 1097891
TI  - Enhanced uptake of donor DNA by Ca2+ treated Escherichia coli cells.
AB  - The first steps in E. coli transformation have been studied. It was found that
      the cells attain the ability of enhanced uptake of donor exogenous DNA upon Ca2+
      treatment. At saturating DNA concentrations the cells were capable to take up
      irreversibly about 6-10(8) dalton of donor DNA per cell (if to assume that all
      the cells are competent). About 75% of this DNA was found to be attached to the
      cytoplasmic membrane. Employing Poisson approximation for distribution of the
      donor-marker DNA molecules on recipient cells it was found that the efficiency of
      a marker recombination and expression is about 2-10(-5). The first steps in E.
      coli transformation have been studied. It was found that the cells attain the
      ability of enhanced uptake of donor 0exogenous

PMID- 1097893
TI  - [Continuous positive airway pressure in the spontaneously breathing newborn by
      means of bilateral nasal cannulation(author's transl)].
AB  - Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) by means of a bilateral nasal cannula
      system has been used in 21 newborns.  15 had hyaline membrane disease, 3 had an
      aspiration and 3 showed extensive atelectasis.  In 18 of the 21 patients, paO2
      increased after cannulation, FiO2 being kept unaltered.  As a consequence, the
      oxygen concentration in the inspired gas mixture could be lowered.  3 children
      had to be intubated endotracheally and ventilated artificially despite previous
      nasal cannulation.  The criteria for using the CPAP and the methodology are
      described, its advantages, disadvantages and dangers discussed.

PMID- 1097894
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Dr. Walter Hirsch].

PMID- 1097895
TI  - Anatomy and histology of the human temporomandibular joint.
AB  - 1. The anatomy and histology of the human temporomandibular joint indicates that
      the meniscus is firmly attached to the mandibular condyle and that during
      translatory movements the meniscus and condyle move concomitantly. The lateral
      pterygoid muscle, both inferior and superior heads insert into the meniscus and
      the pterygoid fovea of the condyle. 2. The structure of the gracilis and pars
      posterior indicate that these are the parts of the meniscus that are exposed to
      friction during jaw movement. It is suggested that during hinge movement the
      sagittal crest of the condyle moves from underneath the pars posterior to
      underneath the pars gracilis. 3. The restraining ligament for the articulation
      appears to be the lateral ligament. Its function is to keep the articular
      surfaces relatively close together during movement and to restrain lateral and
      posterior movements of the condyle. Its intimate association with the deep fibres
      of the masseter muscle appears to be important. 4. The fact that the meniscus is
      thicker medially than laterally would indicate that its major function is to
      smooth out the incongruities between the joint surfaces. 5. The sphenomandibular
      ligament as well as being a 'guy' ligament is intimately associated with the
      postero-superior medial capsular meniscal complex. The medial capsular complex
      would seem to contribute to the major part of the anterior ligament to the
      malleus. 6. Remodelling of the articular surfaces occur throughout life by
      progressive and regressive remodelling. However, if the remodelling processes
      increase, either the medio-lateral or antero-posterior dimensions of the joint an
      osteoarthritic condition prevails. 7. Excessive progressive remodelling appears
      to be due to abnormal positions of the condyle in the maximal intercuspal
      position. It can be caused by orthodontic procedures or by experimental
      displacement of the condyle. 8. The transitional zone appears to be important in
      the aetiology of osteoarthritis since when this zone comes under pressure
      proliferation of cartilage cells occur which may be transformed into bone,
      resulting in the hooked condyle.

PMID- 1097896
TI  - Mandibular movements.
AB  - The study of jaw movements or mandibular kinematics has important applications in
      many fields of clinical dentistry and provides a basis for modern concepts of
      dental occlusion. Movement patterns must be considered in conjunction with the
      mandibular articulation, the system of synovial joints, muscles and associated
      structures concerned with jaw suspension and jaw movements. Kinematics includes
      the study of articulating surfaces and the movements between them as well as the
      paths mapped out by a point on the moving bone. In this review, joint movements
      are considered from a theoretical approach based on the mechanics of articular
      surfaces, and by reference to recent experimental studies of condylar motion.
      Movements of the mandible are related to the envelope of motion traced out by the
      central incisor point. Attention is also given to border paths, reference
      positions and masticatory movements of the jaw.

PMID- 1097897
TI  - Innervation of the human periodontium.

PMID- 1097898
TI  - The regulatory influences of the trigeminal system.

PMID- 1097899
TI  - Electromyography of the muscles of mastication.

PMID- 1097900
TI  - Family planning and malaria control: some parallels between two large-scale
      health-related programs.

PMID- 1097901
TI  - Knowledge, perception, and change: notes on a fragment of social history.

PMID- 1097902
TI  - Alan Guttmacher, and family planning in Cuba, 1966 and 1974.

PMID- 1097903
TI  - Natural law and planned parenthood.

PMID- 1097904
TI  - Dr. Alan F. Guttmacher: as remembered by a Latin American physician.

PMID- 1097905
TI  - Ernst Grafenberg and his ring.

PMID- 1097906
TI  - Advances and opportunities in fertility research.

PMID- 1097907
TI  - Study of genetic effects of high energy radiations with different ionizing
      capacities on extracellular phages.
AB  - The inactivating and mutagenic action of high-energy radiations with different
      ionizing capacities (gamma-rays, protons, alpha-particles and accelerated ions of
      12C and 20Ne) was studied by using coliphages lambda11 and SD as subjects. In
      particular the role of irradiation conditions (broth suspension, pure buffer, dry
      samples) and of the host functions recA, exrA and polA was investigated. The dose
      response curve of induced mutagenesis was studied by measuring the yield of vir
      mutants in lambda11 and plaque mutants in SD. The following results were
      obtained. (1) The inactivation kinetics of phages under the action of gamma-rays
      and protons was first order to a survival of 10(-7). Heavy ions also showed
      exponential inactivation kinetics to a survival of 10(-4). At higher doses of
      20Ne ion bombardment some deviation from one-hit kinetics was observed. For dry
      samples of phages the dimensions of targets for all types of radiation were
      approximately proportional to the molecular weights of phage DNA's. For densely
      ionizing radiation (heavy ions) the inactivating action was 3-5 times weaker than
      for gamma-rays and protons. (2) Mutagenesis was observed for all types of
      radiation, but heavy ions were 1-5-2 times less efficient than gamma-rays. For
      both phages studied the dose-response curve of mutagenesis was non-linear. The
      dependence on the dose was near to parabolic for lambda11. For SD a plateau or
      maximum of mutagenesis was observed for the relative number of mutants at a
      survival of about 10(-4). (3) Host-cell functions recA and exrA were practically
      indifferent for survival of gamma-irradiated phage lambda11, but indispensable
      for mutagenesis. Mutation recAI3 abolished induced vir mutations totally and exrA
      reduced them significantly. The absence of the function polA had a considerable
      influence on phage survival, but no effect on vir mutation yield (if compared at
      the same survival level). (4) In conditions of indirect action of gamma-rays no
      vir mutations were induced. This is regarded as evidence that the single-strand
      breaks formed under indirect action conditions cannot serve as pre-mutational
      damage in DNA.

PMID- 1097908
TI  - Effects of puromycin aminonucleoside and puromycine on ultraviolet irradiated
      Escherichia coli strains.

PMID- 1097909
TI  - A synergistic effect of ultraviolet light and ethidium bromide on petite
      induction in yeast.

PMID- 1097911
TI  - Induction of rho-minus mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by guanidine
      hydrochloride. I. Genetic analysis.
AB  - Guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) induced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytoplasmic
      petite mutants (rho-) of the suppressive type. However, it was unable to induce
      the neutral type, even after prolonged incubation or increased drug
      concentration. No correlation was found between the degree of suppressiveness and
      the time of incubation of yeast cells with guanidine hydrochloride. The
      suppressiveness of rho- induced was not altered by further treatment with GuHCl,
      whereas it was reduced upon treatment with ethidium bromide (EtBr). Some
      mitochondrial genetic information was lacking in the rho- mutants induced by
      GuHCl, as demonstrated by the loss of the gene for erythromycin resistance and by
      reduced buoyant density of mitochondrial DNA of some rho-. There was no
      correlation between the degree of suppressiveness of the rho- induced by GuHCl
      and the buoyant density of the mutant mitochondrial DNA.

PMID- 1097910
TI  - Phileomycin-induced lethality and DNA degradation in Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - The cell lethality and DNA fragmentation caused by phleomycin (PM) were studied
      in E. coli K12 strains with special reference to the effects of repair or
      recombination deficiences and metabolic inhibitors. (1) Unlike excision-defective
      derivatives of E. coli B, uvrA, uvrB, and uvrC mutants of strain K12 showed no
      peculiarities compared with wild type in regard to cell survival. Likewise,
      mutant alleles at uvrD and polA loci had no effect. In contrast, rec mutants were
      more sensitive to PM-killing than were rec+ strains. (2) PM-induced strand
      breakage in DNA was observed in all strains tested including the above-mentioned
      mutants. There was no significant distinction between the uvr mutants and the
      wild type strain, indicating that the uvr-endonuclease was not responsible for
      the strand breaks. Involvement of endonuclease I was also ruled out. (3) At least
      some of the PM-induced breaks were repairable. (4) PM-induced lethality and
      strand breakage were totally dependent on energy supply. Inhibition of protein
      synthesis resulted in a partial and parallel suppression of the two effects. Our
      results suggest that the lethality is due to DNA strand breakage and the repair
      of such damage is postulated to be controlled by rec genes.

PMID- 1097912
TI  - Macrophages in inflammation and infection.

PMID- 1097913
TI  - Letter: Delaying double-blind drug evaluation in usually fatal diseases.

PMID- 1097915
TI  - Platelet physiology and abnormalities of platelet function (second of two parts).

PMID- 1097914
TI  - Role of toxigenic and invasive bacteria in acute diarrhea of childhood.
AB  - The cause of pediatric diarrhea in Brazil was investigated with use of assays for
      toxigenic and invasive bacteria. Potential etiologic agents were identified in 31
      of 40 consecutive children with diarrhea: toxigenic Escherichia coli or
      klebsiella in 20 patients (50 per cent); invasive Esch, coli or salmonella in
      four (10 per cent), and both toxigenic and invasive organisms in seven (18 per
      cent). Fecal leukocytes were present in nine of the 11 patients (82 per cent)
      with invasive pathogens. All 27 patients with toxigenic isolates had organisms
      that produced heat-labile cholera-like toxin; three patients had Esch. coli that
      also produced a heat-stable toxin. Among 20 controls without diarrhea there were
      no organisms that produced heat-labile toxin or tissue invasion, but there was
      one Esch. coli that produced only heat-stable toxin and one salmonella. In this
      pediatric population Esch. coli appears to cause most acute diarrheas due to
      toxigenic and invasive pathogenic mechanisms.

PMID- 1097916
TI  - The future of chiropractic: a psychosocial view.
AB  - As the total health-care delivery system in the United States has come under
      increasing public scrutiny, the role of chiropractic has become of interest. An
      overview of chiropractic, with an analysis of its social functions and a
      projection of its future indicates that chiropractic is more congruent with the
      values of its lower-middle-class clientele than is orthodox medicine.
      Chiropractors function adquately to legitimize their patients' entrance into the
      "sick role" and to provide an alternative channel to therapy. The marginal role
      of the chiropractor in the health-care system, as compared to that of the
      physician, is stable and functional for the chiropractors thenselves, as well as
      for their patients. Chiropractic likewise serves the physician, both as a
      boundary-defining mechanism and as a means of disengagement from troublesome
      patients. For these reasons, we believe that the role of chiropractic within the
      health-care system will remain stable in the future.

PMID- 1097917
TI  - The reliability of clinical methods, data and judgments (first of two parts).

PMID- 1097918
TI  - Editorial: Onward with chiropractic.

PMID- 1097919
TI  - Unilateral pulmonary edema after renal transplantation.

PMID- 1097920
TI  - Countway happenings: John Jeffries, "astronaut".

PMID- 1097921
TI  - Efficacy of acupuncture on osteoarthritic pain. A controlled, double-blind study.
AB  - Forty patients, randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group,
      participated in a double-blind study to assess the effectiveness of acupuncture
      in reducing chronic pain associated with osteoarthritis.  The experimental group
      received treatment at standard acupuncture points, and the control group at
      placebo points.  Analysis before and after treatment showed a significant (P less
      than 0.05) improvement in tenderness and subjective report of pain in both groups
      as evaluated by two independent observers and in activity by one observer. 
      Comparison of responses to treatment between the two groups showed no significant
      (P greater than 0.05) difference.  Thus, both experimental and control groups
      showed a reduction in pain after the treatments. These results may reflect the
      natural course of illness, and various attitudinal and social factors.

PMID- 1097922
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital.  Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises.  Case 33-1975.

PMID- 1097923
TI  - Editorial: Acupuncture and pain.

PMID- 1097924
TI  - Letter: Sensorineural deafness in hereditary nephritis.

PMID- 1097925
TI  - Propranolol-withdrawal rebound phenomenon. Exacerbation of coronary events after
      abrupt cessation of antianginal therapy.
AB  - Effects on anginal symptoms of sudden withdrawal of large doses of propranolol or
      placebo were evaluated in 20 patients in a double-blind crossover efficacy trial
      requiring sudden cessation of the agent. With propranolol, 160 to 320 mg per day
      for six and 12 weeks, no patients had increased angina or nitroglycerin use, and
      there were no hospitalizations or deaths. However, within two weeks of
      discontinuance of propranolol, untoward ischemic events developed in 10 patients.
      Six had serious withdrawal complications: intermediate coronary syndrome in
      three, and ventricular tachycardia, fatal myocardial infarction, and sudden death
      in one each. In four patients discontinuance of placebo increased anginal
      symptoms; in the remaining 10, ischemic symptoms were not provoked. The rebound
      phenomenon was related to degree of pre-propranolol angina and relief of pain by
      the agent. Thus, chronically administered propranolol should be gradually
      reduced, and activity restricted during its withdrawal.

PMID- 1097926
TI  - Demonstration of an intrathymic defect in a case of severe combined
      immunodeficiency disease.
AB  - An in vitro system has been developed to elucidate the nature of the cellular
      defect in primary immunodeficiency diseases. Incubation, on human thymic
      epithelial monolayer cultures, of peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone-marrow
      cells from a child with documented severe combined immunodeficiency disease
      resulted in the appearance of a population of cells that formed rosettes with
      sheep erythrocytes. The same cell preparation permitted the synthesis of antigen
      specific, complement-dependent antibodies after in vitro education, as
      demonstrated in a plaque assay system. In addition, thymic tissue from the same
      child gave morphologic and functional evidence of maturation when cultured in
      vitro. The experimental results suggest that in this case, lymphoid precursor
      cells were present in the bone marrow but failed to differentiate to functional
      maturity due to a defect in maturation of thymic tissue.

PMID- 1097927
TI  - Editorial: Propranolol withdrawal.

PMID- 1097928
TI  - Editorial: Defective thymus development: a cause of combined immunodeficiency.

PMID- 1097929
TI  - Letter: Description of ataxia telangiectasia.

PMID- 1097930
TI  - Invasion by Candida albicans of the footpads of the Central African hedgehog
      (Erinaceus albiventris).

PMID- 1097931
TI  - Fatal aspergillosis in imported parrots.
AB  - Spontaneous fatal aspergillosis occurred in several species of parrots imported
      from Latin America, Australia, Malaya and Ghana for studies on the control of
      psittacosis. Over a period of 4 years, 655 parrots were imported for use in these
      studies. All birds that died during these investigations were necropsied, and the
      internal organs of 45 were found to have macroscopic lesions suggestive of
      aspergillosis. Of these 45 suspected cases, 32 were confirmed as aspergillosis by
      both histopathology and culture, and three others by histopathology alone. There
      was no evidence that the remaining 10 had this disease. Of the 32 culturally
      confirmed cases, 13 were found to be caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, 16 by A.
      oryzae, and three by both fungi. In this series, three sets of circumstances
      appear to have been associated with the development of fatal aspergillosis. Their
      capture and transport to the United States, the administration of
      chlortetracycline used in the control of psittacosis, and the administration of
      cortisone acetate in an attempt to activate existent latent psittacosis
      infections. The possible causal relationship of these factors are discussed.

PMID- 1097932
TI  - The ultrastructure of Prototheca wickerhamii.
AB  - Two clinical isolates from Prototheca wickerhamii were freeze-dried, fixed and
      studied by electron microscopy and were also examined growing in culture medium
      by phase contrast light microscopy. Resting spores placed on fresh medium
      developed cytoplasmic extensions which sequestrated before proliferation
      occurred. In the presence of adequate nutrients vegetative spores grew and
      subdivided to form up to 12 endospores within large sporangia which ruptured to
      release free spores every 5--6 hours. These proliferating or vegetative spores
      contained much more endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria than the resting
      spores which contained more lipid, and often starch granules as well, but
      relatively few membranous organelles.

PMID- 1097933
TI  - Immunobiology of membrane-bound collagen on mouse fibroblasts.

PMID- 1097934
TI  - Endotoxin-sensitive membrane component of human platelets.

PMID- 1097935
TI  - Characterisation of the bacteriophage T4 receptor site.

PMID- 1097936
TI  - Polyadenylic acid sequences in E. coli messenger RNA.

PMID- 1097937
TI  - Packaging of prophage and host DNA by coliphage lambda.

PMID- 1097938
TI  - Isolation of polar insertion mutants and the direction of transcription of
      ribosomal protein genes in E. coli.

PMID- 1097939
TI  - Why didn't Gregor Mendel find linkage?

PMID- 1097940
TI  - Defect of macrophage function in the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes in
      systemic Mycobacterium lepraemurium infection.

PMID- 1097941
TI  - Promotion of cell fusion by divalent cation ionophores.

PMID- 1097942
TI  - Similarity of genes argF and argI.

PMID- 1097943
TI  - Serological identification of HL-A-linked human "Ia-type" antigens.

PMID- 1097944
TI  - Specific binding of CAP factor to lac promoter DNA.

PMID- 1097945
TI  - Aminoacylation of transfer RNA microinjected into Xenopus laevis oocytes.

PMID- 1097946
TI  - Translation of natural mRNAs in vitro by extracts of a mutant in protein
      synthesis.

PMID- 1097947
TI  - Importance of fixed sections in the study of adipose tissue cellularity.

PMID- 1097948
TI  - Evidence for immunoreactive somatostatin in the endocrine cells of human foetal
      pancreas.

PMID- 1097949
TI  - Trichlortriethylamine (TS-160 Spofa) in combination chemotherapy of malignant
      lymphomas.
AB  - Thirteen patients with disseminated malignant lymphomas were treated with
      combination chemotherapy which included trichlortriethyl amine (TS-160),
      vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine hydrochloride (Natulan) and prednisone. All
      patients but two received some form of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy prior to
      being started on four-drug regimen. Good response to the combination chemotherapy
      was recorded in 84% of patients, while complete remission was achieved in 23% of
      cases. Drug toxicity has not proved to be a major problem in the combination
      used. Nausea and vomiting were the side effects the most frequently observed.

PMID- 1097950
TI  - Beneficial effect of hemodialysis on renal allograft survival.
AB  - The effect of the length of hemodialysis on the outcome of renal transplant was
      evaluated in 43 recipients of renal allograft. 22 out of 23 patients (95.7%)
      dialyzed for longer than one year had an excellent renal function at one year,
      while only 10 out of 20 patients (50%) dialyzed for less than one year had good
      renal function at one year. Only one kidney (4.3%) was lost due to rejection in
      the first group, while 10 kidneys (50%) failed to function because of severe
      rejection in the second group. The length of hemodialysis appears to have a
      beneficial effect on graft survival, but the mechanism by which it exerts this
      effect is not clear.

PMID- 1097951
TI  - Salmonella typhimurium infections in renal transplant patients. Report of five
      cases.
AB  - Five patients with Salmonella typhimurium infection after a renal cadaveric graft
      are described. Salmonella were isolated from the urine of four patients, from the
      stool of one patient, from the blood of two patients, from the hip joint of one
      patient and from the cerebrospinal fluid of one patient. Infections were
      difficult to eradicate and necessitated prolonged antibiotic treatment. Renal
      function only deteriorated after the infection in some patients; salmonellosis
      could have triggered the rejection of the graft. Impaired cell-mediated immunity
      due to immunosuppressive drugs may be considered to be a predisposing factor for
      this kind of infection. Higher humoral antibody titers against Salmonella were
      found in the patients most clinically ill.

PMID- 1097952
TI  - [Importance of lipids in pathological mechanisms of multiple sclerosis].

PMID- 1097953
TI  - [In memoriam: Edwin Herbert Wojciechowski (10/24/1910-8/10/1974)].

PMID- 1097954
TI  - [Controlled respiration in patients with severe neurological diseases. Syndrome
      of functional changes].
AB  - The investigations were carried out on a group of neurological patients treated
      by means of assisted or controlled respiration from respirators. Volumetric and
      gasometric measurements were performed and radiological examinations of the chest
      were done periodically. The obtained results suggest that neurological patients
      constitute a specific group with a more rapid fall in the values of VC and PaO2,
      increased alveolar-capillary gradient (PA-a) and decreased actual compliance
      delta t/ delta p.

PMID- 1097955
TI  - [Penicillamine and other therapeutic methods in the treatment of Wilson's
      disease].

PMID- 1097956
TI  - Electrocortical changes induced by perfusion of catecholamines into the brainstem
      reticular formation.

PMID- 1097957
TI  - [Saint Apollonia, protectress against tooth diseases, patroness of dentists and
      dental technicians].

PMID- 1097958
TI  - [Colpocytological patterns caused by diencephalo-hypophyseal stimulation with
      gonadotropins].

PMID- 1097959
TI  - [Cytology of melanoma].

PMID- 1097960
TI  - Histidine: An essential amino acid for normal adults.

PMID- 1097961
TI  - The secretion of bile.

PMID- 1097962
TI  - Pharyngeal lipase activity in man.

PMID- 1097963
TI  - Vitamin E therapy in premature babies.

PMID- 1097964
TI  - Recent clinical correlates of vitamin D metabolites and calcium metabolism.

PMID- 1097965
TI  - The Biochemical Journal Volume XXVIII: 916-925, 1934. CXXXI. Pyruvic acid as an
      intermediary metabolite in the brain tissue of avitaminous and normal pigeons.

PMID- 1097966
TI  - Anemia of inflammation and the role of the reticuloendothelial cells.

PMID- 1097967
TI  - Neurological damage in vitamin B12-depleted bats.

PMID- 1097968
TI  - Glucose, insulin, and potassium therapy for heart disease. History of GIK
      therapy.

PMID- 1097969
TI  - Communicable diseases across the oceans.

PMID- 1097970
TI  - Obituary: Peni Seralau Vuiyale.

PMID- 1097971
TI  - Bacturcult in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection.
AB  - Colony counts on 122 clean-catch mid-stream urine specimens were determined with
      Bacturcult and compared with those obtained using the quantitative pour plate
      method. The suggested criteria for using Bacturcult resulted in an unacceptably
      high number of false positive cultures. It has been shown that over 100 colonies
      in the proscribed area on the cellophane sleeve correlated well with pour plate
      colony counts of over 100 000/ml. Bacturcult was found to be a simple and
      convenient method for performing a quantitative colony count on a urine specimen.
      It could be recommended for use in domiciliary practice, out-patient clinics and
      in population screening programes.

PMID- 1097972
TI  - Fetal urine production in a case of diabetes associated with polyhydraminios.

PMID- 1097973
TI  - Letter: Acrodermatitis.

PMID- 1097975
TI  - Chorioangiomas.
AB  - Six cases of chorioangioma of the placenta and a review of relevant leterature
      are presented. The incidence of chorioangiomas is higher than generally realized
      because many small chorioangiomas are missed in routine examination of placentas.
      A case of chorioangioma with foci resembling hemangiopericytoma is presented.
      Cases of large chorioangiomas seem to occur when the placenta is large.
      Hydramnios is commonly found with large chiorangiomas, and both of these
      conditions may be conducive to premature births. There is an increased incidence
      of toxemia in pregnant patients with chorioangiomas, and the condition is
      unrelated to the size of the tumor. Diligent examination of infants associated
      with chorioangioma of the placenta is suggested, as these infants may have
      unsuspected congenital anomalies.

PMID- 1097974
TI  - Hormonal profiles in anovulatory patients treated with gonadotropins and
      synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone.
AB  - Ten patients with hypothalamic anovulation weretreated with a "retard"
      preparation of synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) after an
      HMG stimulation in order to induce ovulation and pregnancy. Four of the patient
      ovulated after intramuscular administration of the LHRH preparation. This study
      suggests that is is possible to induce ovulation with LHRH in patients 
      pretreated with HMG, and that LHRH has advantages over HCG since it does not
      induce hyperstimulation even in the presence of exagerated follicular growth.
      Nevertheless, the optimal conditions for the use and monitoring of LHRH treatment
      have yet to be clarified.

PMID- 1097976
TI  - Transient renal dysfunction associated with acute pyelonephritis of pregnancy.
AB  - Endogenous creatinine clearance was measured in 220 pregnant women with acute
      pyelonephritis and the results compared to data obtained from 167 pregnant
      control patients without acute pyelonephritis. These data showed that an
      appreciable number of patients with pyelonephritis occurring during pregnancy
      demonstrated a transient but definite diminution in renal function during the
      acute attack. Causes of this temporary renal dysfunction are discussed.

PMID- 1097977
TI  - Priming of the uterine cervix with oral prostaglandin E2 in the term
      multigravida.
AB  - A double-blind study evaluating two dose schedules of oral prostaglandin E2
      (PGE2) was conducted in 56 normal "unripe" multiparas at term. The effect of PGE2
      was evaluated by comparing the change in Bishop score of the cervix and patient's
      response to oxytocin induction of labor after the prostaglandin priming. In the
      two study groups (one group on a fixed PGE2 dosage and the other on a variable
      drug regimen) an average change of more than three points in the Bishop score was
      observed. In control group no significant change in cervical ripeness was
      observed. Nine of the 32 patients (28%) receiving prostaglandin delivered during
      the priming phase of the study, whereas only 1 control patient (4.2%) delivered
      during priming. Six of 24 control patients (25%) failed to deliver, wheras only 3
      of 32 study patients (9%) failed. In the successfully induced patients, the
      response to oxytocin, as expressed by the time to active phase, total time of
      labor, and mean dose of oxytocin required, did not vary significantly when
      control and study groups were compared. It is concluded that PGE2 at either
      dosage schedule is effective in changing the Bishop score of the cervix and that
      it is not feasible to titrate the PGE2 dose in order to effectively ripen the
      cervix without a very high incidence of induction of labor. In those cases where
      priming was completed, without accidental delivery, the induction phase was
      successful more than 90% of the time. No adverse effect to mother or baby was
      observed during this study.

PMID- 1097978
TI  - Complications after removal of mandibular third molars with special reference to
      local anaesthetics with different vasoactive properties.
AB  - Nhe symptoms after surgical removal of 379 mandibular wisdom teeth when Xylocain
      Exadrin 2% and Citanest-Octopressin 3% were used, were evaluated according to a
      three grade scale. The severity of the symptoms, which were mild and normal in
      53% and severe in 47%, did not demonstrably vary with the type of anaesthetic
      agent used. The symptoms were, on the average, more severe among the women than
      among the men. The symptoms were correlated with the duration of the operation,
      which was most obvious in the men. For the men the frequency of symptoms also
      increased with age. In the men there was also a tendency to a correlation between
      dry socket and long duration of operation. It thus appeared as if only the men
      reacted in the way expected from a biologic point of view. The investigation also
      showed that Xylocain-Exadrin had a better anaesthetic and ischemic effect.

PMID- 1097979
TI  - Repair of cicatricial ectropion by horizontal shortening and pedicle flap.
AB  - Senile ectropion can usually be repaired by a horizontal shortening procedure.
      However, in those cases where there is a cicatricial component, additional skin
      is needed to insure a satisfactory result. This report describes a method of
      correcting this type of ectropion by utilizing a combination of horizontal
      shortening and single pedicle flap from the upper eyelid.

PMID- 1097980
TI  - Genesis and genetics of retinoblastoma.
AB  - 1. The increase in frequency of retinoblastoma reported during the last decades
      [FRANCOIS, 1968] is probably not due to an increase of the mutation rate but to a
      lowered mortality rate and also to improvement in methods of investigation and
      diagnosis. (2) In 95% of all affected families retinoblastoma occurs just once,
      the familial occurrence being +/- 5%. (3) The hereditary retinoblastomas (whether
      sporadic or familial) represent about 40% of all cases. (4) A new dominant
      mutation is judged to be responsible for 100% of the bilateral sporadic cases and
      for 10-20% of the unilateral sporadic cases. (5) Genetic susceptibility to cancer
      can be chromosomal, mendelian dominant, mendelian recessive, or polygenic.
      Retinoblastoma belongs to the first as well as to the second category. The fact
      that the chromosomal aberration of the D deletion syndrome antedates the
      appearance of the tumour suggests that chromosomal change may be the primary
      cause of the tumour formation. (6) Although several problems remain an unsolved
      question, attention must be given to KNUDSON'S working hypothesis [KNUDSON et
      al., 1973], according to which all childhood tumours fit at least a two
      mutational aetiology, involving a two-step process. It remains an open question
      whether both events occur at different genetic loci or at alleles of the same
      locus. (7) The main difficulty in genetic counseling is the lack of means for
      identifying which sporadic retinoblastoma cases are due to new germinal
      mutations.

PMID- 1097981
TI  - [Radiation-induced sarcoma 12 years after high dosage x-ray treatment of a
      bilateral retinoblastoma].
AB  - After a survey of the literature, a radiation-induced sarcoma is described which
      had arisen 12 years after a successful high-dosage X-ray treatment of a bilateral
      retinoblastoma and led to the patient's death.

PMID- 1097982
TI  - Proteus vulgaris osteomyelitis of the mandible. Report of a case.

PMID- 1097983
TI  - Reconstruction of the alveolar process by implantation of allogenic demineralized
      dentin.
AB  - Different materials have been used for reconstruction of the alveolar process.
      None of these, however, is perfect in every respect. Allogenic demineralized
      dentin has been shown to induce bone formation and to maintain the bone contour.
      In the present case this material was used to reconstruct a traumatic defect of
      the alveolar process in the region of the upper left incisors. The result was
      satisfactory, both esthetically and functionally. Additional cases and a longer
      period of observation will be necessary to assess the relevance of this finding.

PMID- 1097984
TI  - Cleidocranial dysostosis with mandibular cyst. Report of a case.
AB  - Six hundred cases of cleidocranial dysostosis have been reported since the
      disorder was first described in 1898. This is the first case reported with cystic
      involvement.

PMID- 1097985
TI  - Nystatin and amphotericin B in the treatment of denture-related candidiasis.
AB  - A double-blind trial of nystatin, amphotericin B, and a placebo was carried out
      in fifty-two cases of denture-related candidiasis and/or angular cheilitis. The
      drugs effected a significant clinical cure, but recurrence of the signs was
      common after withdrawal of the drugs. Concurrent bacteriologic examination showed
      few cures and continued presence of Candida albicans during the trial. A specimen
      from a red palate was examined histologically.

PMID- 1097986
TI  - Klebsiella pneumoniae in endodontic therapy. Report of a case.
AB  - A 48-year-old man underwent endodontic treatment of the lower left central
      incisor. In the course of treatment two acute exacerbations occurred. Penicillin
      therapy was initiated at the time of the first exacerbation. It was ineffective,
      and a culture of the purulent exudate was taken at the time of the second acute
      response. The causative organism was Klebsiella pneumoniae, which was found to be
      sensitive to tetracyclines. After tetracycline therapy, endodontic therapy was
      completed. Healing has been uneventful.

PMID- 1097987
TI  - Chemical evolution and the origin of life. Bibliography supplement 1973.

PMID- 1097988
TI  - Historical review of fluctuant hearing loss.

PMID- 1097989
TI  - Antigenic causes of hearing loss.

PMID- 1097990
TI  - [Serum immunoglobulins in cardiovascular pathology].
AB  - The authors measured as a routine IgA, IgG and IgM serum immunoglobulins in a
      hundred subjects free from any cardiac or hypertensive disease, in 51 patients
      with coronary heart disease in in 50 hypertensive subjects. They found that in 2%
      of the normal subjects and in 28% of the coronary heart disease or hypertension,
      the level of one of the three serum immunoglobulins was outside the following
      limits: IgA 100 to 480 mg/100 ml, IgG 500 to 1900 mg/100 ml and IgM 45 to 380
      mg/100 ml. The 2 normal subjects and 12% of the patients with coronary heart
      disease or hypertension presented an abnormally low level of one of the
      immunoglobulins, while an abnormally high level was observed in 16% of the
      subjects with coronary heart disease or hypertension. The abnormal serum levels
      may concern any class of immunoglobulin and persist in the case of some patients
      with coronary heart disease several years after the acute ischemic incident.

PMID- 1097991
TI  - Reptilase clot retraction test. (Its cofactors and relation to other platelet
      functions).
AB  - C-PRP clotted by reptilase does not retract due to the lack of activation of
      platelets. In order to support retraction, the platelets must undergo membrane
      changes resulting in contractile system activation. Only in the presence of
      aggregating agents capable of eliciting these membrane changes in vitro (e.g.
      ADP, adrenaline and collagen but not bovine fibrinogen or ristocetin), strong
      reptilase clot retraction (RCR) occurs. During RCR an aggregating activity,
      platelet factor 4, and retraction stimulating factor (RSF) were released, but
      acid phosphatase was not available. Not only inhibitors of platelet adhesion
      aggregation reaction (PAAR) but also specific blockers of release are capable of
      inhibiting RCR. In coagulation disorders RCR was normal in most cases, but in
      thrombopathies different abnormalities of RCR were found. The RCR defect may be
      associated not only with a defect in the initial stages of PAAR, but in some
      instances also with a specific defect in release reaction. Besides inducer-
      "activated" platelets and their adhesion to polymerizing fibrin, the presence of
      divalent cations and free thrombocytar--SH groups is necessary for the retraction
      of reptilase clots.

PMID- 1097992
TI  - [Should resistance to methicillin of RH mutant staphylococci be necessarily
      attributed to cephalosporins?].
AB  - The resistance to cephalosporins of 48 heterogeneous methicillin-resistant
      strains ("RH" mutants) of Staphylococcus pyogenes var. aureus is studied in vitro
      with various methods: sensitivity discs test on Mueller-Hinton medium with 5 per
      cent NaCl at 37 degrees C; M.I.C. in solid medium by spots medium with two
      inocula: a light inoculum (10(7) bacterial/ml) and a heavy inoculum (10(9)
      bacteria/ml). With light inoculum all strains have M.I.C. to cephaloridin less
      than 2 meg/ml and seem sensitive. With heavy inoculum 45 sc. equal or superior to
      64 meg/ml and then are resistant. These resistances occur after 3 degrees C. The
      varied methods of detection of mutants to cephalosporins are discussed in this
      paper.

PMID- 1097993
TI  - [Epidemiological study of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli strains
      isolated during one year at the regional hospital center of Angers. Trial of a
      statistical method].
AB  - A study of 1956 strains of Escherichia coli isolated at the Angers Regional
      Hospital Center during the year 1972, was used for the development of a
      statistical method of study of epidemiology of antibiotic resistance.

PMID- 1097994
TI  - [Electrophoretic study of normal erythrocyte membrane proteins after in vitro
      action of antimalarial agents].
AB  - The electrophretic pattern of the red cell membrane protein, after the in vitro
      action on them of antimalarial agents, primaquine, quinine and chloroquine, is
      described. This electrophoretic study has proved that all studied antimalarial
      agents after the membrane proteins, causing a total loss of certain bands. This
      method has proved to be a new way of appreciation of the action of different
      agents on the red cell membrane.

PMID- 1097995
TI  - [Pulmonary blood volume. Definition, measurement, normal values].
AB  - We propose a simplification of the double-injection method whereby left atrial
      catheterization is made unnecessary by use of injection of indicator in the
      pulmonary wedge position instead of into the left atrium. Normal values of PBV
      range between 204 +/- 51 ml. m-2 and 326 +/- 51 ml. M-2. Such a large scatter is
      due in all likelihood partly to techniques themselves, partly to the small number
      of studied subjects, which precludes standardization of normal values according
      to age, sex and body build. Determination of PBV may help in assessing the
      overall distensibility of the pulmonary vascular bed, but is of no avail to
      assess separately the distensibility of arteries, microcirculation, and veins
      whose respective volumes cannot be measured in vivo for lack of undisputable
      methods. Morphometric and physiological observations suggest that the measurement
      of PBV is no avail to estimate changes in caliber of pulmonary arterioles caused
      by vasoactive stimuli.

PMID- 1097996
TI  - [Use of the plastic "Terphane" for the maintenance and the study of cell
      cultures].
AB  - Terphane plastic used as substrate for tissue culture, facilitates both
      cytochemcial, biochemical and ulstratructural studies of cells in situ.
      Particularly pliable, thin and resistant, the sheet of Terphane plastic is held
      tense by a system of two plaques of Petri dish type. This apparatus is perfectly
      waterproof, sterilisable and may be used indefinitely. Growth, morphology,
      ultrastructure and enzyme activities of primary or subcultures of rat and human
      liver maintained on terphane plastic are comparable with those of cells
      cultivated on Falcon polystyrene. Furthermore, terphane offers several advantages
      over the Melinex plastic: its thinness, resistance and plasticity render easy all
      manipulations.

PMID- 1097997
TI  - Malcolm Charles Fowler.

PMID- 1097998
TI  - Brian Baxter Turner.

PMID- 1097999
TI  - The restoration of the vasculature of skin autografts in the rabbit.
AB  - The restoration of the vasculature of full-thickness skin autografts was
      investigated on the rabbit ear, the grafted discs of skin being replaced with
      their original orientation, or rotated 90 or 180 degrees. Circulation in the
      graft was first detected 1 day after grafting, increasing on the 2nd and
      successive days. The larger arteries in the grafts survived and became
      permanently joined at the periphery of the grafts to adjacent severed arteries in
      the host by well-defined and often tortuous segments termed junction vessels. The
      pre-operative vascular pattern was re-established when grafts were replaced
      without rotation but comparable survival of arteries also occurred when the
      grafted discs of skin were rotated. In most grafts, the segment of artery became
      stabilized by 4-9 weeks; more than 75% of the length of the arterial segments
      survived in 83% of grafts, with minimal accompanying histological changes in
      their walls. There was some increase in number and aborization of small vessels
      in the established grafts, although the vascular pattern was essentially similar
      to that of unoperated skin. The factors possibly involved in the survival of the
      large arteries in the grafts include the relative rigidity of the arterial wall,
      the early establishment of circulation, and the favourable haemodynamic position
      of the grafts.

PMID- 1098000
TI  - Evaluation of two kinds of smallpox vaccine: CVI-78 and calf lymph vaccine. I.
      Clinical and serologic response to primary vaccination.
AB  - A comparative study of two smallpox vaccines, standard calf lymph vaccine, and an
      attenuated vaccine, CVI-78, was performed in 95 children. Primary vaccination
      with CVI-78 resulted in a more attenuated response than primary vaccination with
      standard vaccine. Sixty-one percent of those vaccinated with CVI-78 and 96
      percent of those vaccinated with standard vaccine developed a major dermal
      reaction; 16 percent of those vaccinated with CVI-78 and 89 percent of those
      vaccinated with standard vaccine developed post-vaccination neutralizing
      antibodies. Twenty-seven percent of the children vaccinated with CVI-78
      demonstrated neither a dermal nor serologic postvaccination response, whereas
      only 2 percent of those vaccinated with standard vaccination demonstrated no
      postvaccination response.

PMID- 1098001
TI  - Letter: EPSDT and poor people's medicine.

PMID- 1098002
TI  - Chronic vulvovaginitis in children due to Shigella flexneri.
AB  - Although previous reports have implicated Shigella flexneri in resistant or
      chronic cases  of vulvovaginitis in children, no authors have described the
      clinical findings of this condition. The report presents four cases of persistent
      vulvovaginitis in prepubertal Indian girls from different reservation communities
      in Arizona. S. flexneri was isolated in pure culture from the vaginal discharge
      of each patient. All four cases were characterized by a prolonged vaginitis with
      a bloody, purulent discharge which responded poorly or not at all to various
      topical modes of therapy for nonspecific vaginitis. Three cases cleared
      completely when treated with orally given ampicillin for one week. The striking
      similarity of these cases suggests that chronic Shigella vulvovaginitis is a
      recognizable clinical entity and should be considered in the differential
      diagnosis of persistent vaginitis in children, especially in those from
      communities where Shigella is endemic.

PMID- 1098003
TI  - An approach to the measurement of body fluid compartment volumes in non-steady
      conditions in the rat.
AB  - A method has been developed by which body fluid volume changes can be assessed
      frequently after only one initial injection of the appropriate radioactive
      tracers. This method is based on the assumptions that, 1. following their
      intravenous injection, the temporal behaviour of tritiated water or radio-sodium
      can be adequately modelled by the kinetic behaviour of an open, interconnected
      two-compartment system; 2. known amounts of tracer are added to or irreversibly
      removed from the system only via the first compartment. In the measurement of
      body fluid volume changes in rats after isotonic blood volume expansion, the
      rapid urinary tracer excretion was treated as a series of negative tracer
      "injections" made instantaneously into the first tracer compartment at the mid
      point of each short urine collection period. The effect of these "injections" on
      the first compartment was regarded as diminishing with time in accordance with
      the steady state rate constants. The vaolues for non steady state changes in
      total body water volume and functional extracellular fluid volume obtained by
      such a mathematical treatment, agreed closely with directly measured changes
      where such direct comparisons could be made.

PMID- 1098004
TI  - On the regulation of the renal response blood volume expansion by vascular
      parameters in the rat.
AB  - The dynamic patterns of body fluid volume distribution, of cardiovascular
      variables and of renal water, sodium and potassium excretion were studied in the
      anaesthetized rat following acute, iso-oncotic blood volume expansion. The
      increased renal excretion following expansion was soon reversed and its pattern
      to termination was not correlated with changes in pulse and mean arterial
      pressure, in plasma electrolyte concentration or in haematocrit. At the end of
      the renal response the change in extracellular fluid volume was not usually
      corrected, the blood volume was always well above its control value and the
      interstitial fluid was below its control value. In all cases the temporal pattern
      and the termination of the renal response corresponded closely with the temporal
      pattern and the return to the control value of the central venous mean and pulse
      pressure. The findings of thse experiments are not consistent with the view that
      any of the measured body fluid volumes directly and always determine renal
      excretion. It is proposed that in response to an acute blood volume expansion an
      animal may initially regulate neither its blood volume nor its extracellular
      fluid volume but rather a factor which is reflected in or related to the central
      venous pressure.

PMID- 1098005
TI  - The National Organization for Public Health Nursing, 1912-1952: development of a
      practice field.

PMID- 1098006
TI  - Some statistics on baccalaureate and higher degree programs in nursing--1973-74.

PMID- 1098007
TI  - Directory of home health agencies certified as Medicare providers.

PMID- 1098008
TI  - Practical nursing career; 1974-75.

PMID- 1098009
TI  - Community planning for nursing; a selected bibliography.

PMID- 1098010
TI  - [The effect of antibiotic supplementation on antibiotic resistance, transferable
      antibiotic resistance, morbidity, and growth in calves (author's transl)].
AB  - 112 calves, divided into four groups, were given milk substitutes containing
      tetracycline (high-dosage feed), zinc bacitracin or Lactosat (control) and
      concentratesw with or without zinc bacitracin (Table I). We have investigated the
      incidence of antibiotic resistance and transferable antibiotic resistance in E.
      coli strains isolated from the faces of these calves and checked the growth and
      state of health in the four groups. Growth was also studies in a further ten
      feeding series comprising a total of 258 calves. Half this number received zinc
      bacitracin in milk substitute, the other half were fed milk substitute containing
      Lactosat, instead of antibiotics (Fig. 8). Tetracycline led to a quick increase
      of antibiotic-resistant straing (Fig. 4--6). This increase is significant in
      comparison with the other groups. Significant increases of resistance were also
      noted to ampicillin and chloramphenicol (Fig. 7), althoug these drugs were not
      used. A significant increase of the transferable resistance was also observed in
      the group of calves given tetracycline (Fig. 7) and to 65% at about 31/2 months
      after the end to 38% within 12 days (Fig. 7) and to 65% at about 31/2 months
      after the end of tetracycline feeding (Fig. 7). A marked increase of en-bloc
      transfer was also noted after completion of tetracycline feeding (Fig. 2). Up to
      slaughter, at the age of 6 months, no better growth was obtained with zinc
      bacitracin supplement than with milk substitute without antibiotics but
      containing Lactosat. During the milking period the results varied between the
      different feeding series. In some series the mean growth in the zinc-bacitracin
      group was better than, in some no different from, and in other s poorer than that
      in the Lactosat group (TableII, Fig. 8). The only demonstrable positive effect of
      tetracycline supplement was a tendency twwards better health during the period of
      administration of the drug (Table II...

PMID- 1098011
TI  - Some recommendations concerning primary isolation of Mycoplasma suipneumoniae and
      Mycoplasma flocculare a survey.
AB  - Two mycoplasma species of the porcine respiratory tract: Mycoplasma suipneumoniae
      and Mycoplasma flocculare, have been notoriously difficult to cultivate. In the
      present paper a description is given of a new medium with which primary isolation
      of these organisms is usually successful. The basal medium is made from
      commercial dehydrated products. Pig serum is added and phenol red used as pH
      indicator. Contrary to what is customary in the preparation of mycoplasma media,
      various inorganic salts (Hank's balanced salt solution) are included and
      penicillin-G replaced as a bacteriostatic by bacitracin and meticillin. The
      volume of water is adjusted so as to give isotonia. Various additives often
      recommended for mycoplasma cultivation have been examined for growth promoting
      effect; apparently, however, they were all without effect. Working procedures for
      primary isolation trials are briefly described.

PMID- 1098012
TI  - [The development of drug resistance in Salmonella strains isolated from animals
      in Sweden 1955-65 and 1973-4(author's transl)].
AB  - 134 salmonella strains, isolated from animals in 1955-65 were compared to 133
      salmonella strains isolated in 1973-74, with regard to their drug resistance and
      the frequentcy of R-factors. No significant changes were observed during the
      reference period. Salmonella typhi-murium in comparison with other serotypes
      harboured a significantly larger number of resistant strains. Of the recently
      isolated resistant strains that were searched for R-factors, about half the
      number were carriers. All strains were sensitive to chloramphenicole and
      neomycin.

PMID- 1098013
TI  - [Prolactin adenoma. Study of gonadotrophic function by the sassoles G LHRH test].
AB  - An intravenous injection of synthetic LHRH (50mug) was given in 10 patients with
      prolactin secreting pituitary adenomas. Variations in circulating levels of
      gonadotrophic hormones were measured by radioimmunological estimation. The
      increase in blood level of luteinizing hormone was constant, low in three cases,
      normal in 3 and high in 4. An increase in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was
      absent in only two cases. The data obtained indicates the absence of any
      characteristic value of the LHRH test in the aetiological diagnosis of
      amenorrhoea/galactorrhoea syndromes. They represent an argument in favour of the
      relative character and of the functional nature of the gonadotrophic
      insufficiency of prolactin adenomas.

PMID- 1098014
TI  - [Immunotherapy of human cancers. "Leukemia, hematosarcomas and solid tumors].

PMID- 1098015
TI  - [Active immunotherapy of acute leukemia and leukemic lymphosarcoma. Results of 10
      years. Study of 200 cases].
AB  - The authors report a ten year study of active immunotherapy using BCG and
      irradiated allogeneic leukaemic cells in 200 patients. In acute lymphatic
      leukaemia, 57 out of 168 patients treated in this way remained in primary
      remission for 18 months to 10 years after active immunotherapy was begun, the
      relapse rate became low after 18 months and nil after 36 months. The results
      varied according to prognostic factors: the cytological type, active
      immunotherapy being above all effective in small cell (microlymphoblastic and
      prolymphocytic) types with a hope of cure in 50 to 60 p.cent of cases; malignant
      cellular volume; meningeal deposits. In microlymphoblastic forms the possibility
      of survival at the 5th year is greater than 90 p.cent. After relapse during
      active immunotherapy sensitivity to chemotherapy does not seem to be diminished.
      Trials of active immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukaemia are worthy of further
      pursuit. The results of active immunotherapy in leukaemic lymphosarcoma show that
      immunotherapy may be effective in preventing local recurrence, both of tumour as
      well as in the marrow. Four patients are in apparently complete remission for
      more than four years. On the basis of these results, trials of active
      immunotherapy for "residual disease" should be undertaken in the field of
      cancerology, going beyond the realm of leukaemias.

PMID- 1098016
TI  - [Letter: Sudden death of infants. Pulmonary histological study by
      immunofluorescence].

PMID- 1098017
TI  - [Drug trials. Reform or modification of the current system].

PMID- 1098018
TI  - [Evaluation of an analgesic activity in man: thermodolorimetery].
AB  - The authors propose an experimental technique which makes possible the evaluation
      in man of the activity of analgesic or anti-inflammatory medications. The
      principle of thermodolorimetre threshold of painful thermic sensitivity (S.S.T.D.
      in the french text) which is stable over a period of time in a given individual
      receiving a placebo but which varies in a significant fashion in groups treated
      with a medication belonging to one of the two classifications studied.

PMID- 1098020
TI  - ["Anus of the world"].

PMID- 1098019
TI  - [Letter: Australia antigen in a rheumatologic population].

PMID- 1098021
TI  - The binding of polyamines and of ethidium bromide to tRNA.
AB  - The binding of spermidine and ethidium bromide to mixed tRNA and phenylalanine
      tRNA has been studied under equilibrium conditions. The numbers and classes of
      binding sites obtained have been compared to those found in complexes isolated by
      gel filtration a low ionic strength. The latter complexes contain 10-11 moles of
      either spermidine or ethidium per mole of tRNA; either cation is completely
      displaceable by the other. In ethidium complexes, the first 2-3 moles are bound
      in fluorescent binding sites; the remaining 7-8 molecules bind in non-fluorescent
      form. At least one of the binding sites for spermidine appears similar to a
      binding site for fluorescent ethidium. Similar results are found with E. coli
      formylmethionine tRNA. Spermine, in excess of 18-20 moles per mole tRNA, causes
      precipitation of the complex. Putrescine does not form isolable complexes with
      yeast tRNA and displaces ethidium less readily from preformed ethidium-tRNA
      complexes. Under equilibrium conditions, in the absence of Mg++, there are 16-17
      moles of spermidine bound per mole of tRNA as determined by equilibrium dialysis.
      Of these, 2-3 bind with a Ksence of 9 mM Mg++, the total number of binding sites
      is decreased slightly and there appears to be only one class of sites with a Ka =
      600 M(-1). Quantitatively similar results are obtained for the binding of
      spermidine to yeast phenylalanine tRNA. When the interaction between ethidium
      bromide and mixed tRNA is studied by equilibrium dialysis or spectrophotometric
      titration, two classes of binding sites are obtained: 2-3 molecules bind with an
      average Ka = 6.6 x 10(5) M(-1) and 14-15 molecules bind with an average Ka = 4.1
      x 10(4) M(-1). Spermidine, spermine, and Mg++ compete effectively for both
      classes of ethidium sites and have the effect of reducing the apparent binding
      constants for ethidium. When the binding of ethidium is studied by fluorometry,
      there are 3-4 highly fluorescent sites per tRNA. These sites are also affected by
      spermidine, spermine and Mg++. Putrescine has little effect on any of the classes
      of binding sites. These data are consistent with those found under non
      equilibrium conditions. They suggest that polyamines bind to fairly specific
      regions of tRNA and may be involved in the maintenance of certain structural
      features of tRNA.

PMID- 1098022
TI  - Inhibitors of protein synthesis V. Irreversible interaction of antibiotics with
      an initiation complex.
AB  - The initiation complex (t-complex) formed in a cell-free system (E. coli) from Ac
      Phe-tRNA, poly(U) and washed ribosomes in the presence of initiation factors
      (ribosomal wash) and GTP, contains the Ac-Phe-tRNA bound quantitatively in a
      puromycin-reactive state. The t-complex is irreversibly inactivated by spiramycin
      with respect to its reactivity toward puromycin. The inactivated t-complex
      retains all of the Ac-Phe-tRNA bound, but it does not react with puromycin (2 x10
      minus-3M) within 32 min at 25 degrees. In the case of another inhibitor protein
      synthesis, sparsomycin, the permanently "modified" t-complex not only retains all
      the bound Ac-Phe-tRNA but it can still react with puromycin. In the continuous
      presence of sparsomycin (1 x 10-minus-7M) the bound Ac-Phe-tRNA reacts
      quantitatively at a rate which is one-tenth the rate at which the t-complex
      reacts with puromycin, at low (6.25 x 10-minus-5M) or high (2 x 10-minus-3M)
      concentrations. These results are not in agreement with current views according
      to which aparsomycin binds to the ribosome reversibly at a single site with a KI
      in the range of 10-minus6-10-minus-7 M and according to which this stie is at the
      A'-site (puromycin site) of peptidyl transferase.

PMID- 1098023
TI  - The metabolism of N4-hydroxycytidine-a mutagen for Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Salmonella typhimurium cells were grown in the presence of (14C)-N4
      hydroxycytidine (N4OHcyd), a mutagenic nucleoside, and labelling in DNA and RNA
      digest was traced. The results show that this analogue is incorporated into RNA
      at a level of 40 mug/100 mg, and into DNA with a yield at least 100 times
      smaller. Some N-minus4OHcyd was rapidly metabolized and labelling was found in
      all ribo- and deoxyribo-nucleosides.

PMID- 1098025
TI  - Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital; 100 years old.

PMID- 1098024
TI  - The binding sites for tRNA on eukaryotic ribosomes.
AB  - We have studied the non-enzymic binding of phe-tRNA to ribosomes from rat liver
      using deacylated tRNA to inhibit binding to the P-site and puromycin (5 x 10
      minus3M) to inhibit binding to the A-site. We conclude that at a low
      concentration of magnesium ions (10mM) phe-tRNA is bound only at the A-site of
      80S irbosomes, whereas at a high concentration of magnesium ions (40mM) phe-tRNA
      is also bound at the P-site. Studies with edeine indicate that, during non
      enzymic binding of phe-tRNA, eukaryotic ribosomes (in contrast to prokarotic
      ribosomes) have the A-site of the 60S subunit and the initiation site of the 40S
      subunit juxtaposed. This may account for the differences observed, in formation
      of diphenylalanyl-tRNA and phenylalanyl-puromycin, between phe-tRNA bound non
      enzymically to the P-sites of eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes.

PMID- 1098026
TI  - The history of cardiothoracic surgery.

PMID- 1098027
TI  - Don't look down on us.

PMID- 1098028
TI  - Suppression of lactation without oestrogens.

PMID- 1098029
TI  - [Origin, principles and practical use of the SI International System of Measuring
      Units].

PMID- 1098030
TI  - [Advances in nephrology].

PMID- 1098031
TI  - Blood parameters of dwarf and normal pullets from growth selected lines before
      and after Escherichia coli challenge.
AB  - Two experiments were conducted to study the hematological differences and the
      effect of challenge with Escherichia coli on the hemopoietic system among dwarfs
      and their normal sisters in lines selected for high and low juvenile body weight.
      Erythrocyte counts, packed cell volumes, and hemoglobin concentrations were
      significantly higher to dwarf than for normal pullets, while no such differences
      were noted for mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and
      hemoglobin concentration. Dwarfs had a significantly lower erythrocyte
      sedimentation rate than normal pullets. The effect of challenge with E. coli was
      evident in all the groups. Body weight decreased and leucocyte counts increased
      significantly. Lymphopenia, accompanied by heterophilia and a consequent increase
      in H:L ratio was the conspicuous effect of the challenge with E. coli indicating
      a polymorphonuclear response. Forty-eight hours after challenge the differential
      response of lines and genotypes to heterophilia was uniform. The hematological
      data suggest that the dw gene may not contribute to resistance to bacterial
      diseases. Mortality and autopsy lesions data indicate that the dw gene had a
      deleterious effect in the low weight but not in the high weight line, suggesting
      that its influence on the traits measured is dependent upon the genetic
      background of the population.

PMID- 1098032
TI  - Hemagglutinating properties of Salmonella typhimurium strains isolated from avian
      sources.
AB  - A total of 565 strains of Salmonella typhimurium and S. typhimurium var.
      copenhagen, isolated from avian species, were examined for their ability to cause
      hemagglutination of turkey erythrocytes. Results showed that 541 (95.7%) of the
      strains caused varying degrees of hemagglutination. The hemagglutinating
      principle was maintained in cultures stored at 5 degrees C. as formalized
      suspensions for as long as 6 months. It was destroyed by exposure to a
      temperature of 80 degrees C. for 1 minute or to absolute ethyl alcohol at 37
      degrees C. for 24 hours. The hemagglutinating principle was best preserved in
      cultures by infrequent transfers, growth in liquid media, lyophilization or
      storage at low temperatures. Addition of d-mannose to bacteria-erythrocyte
      mixtures at a final concentration of 0.5% completely inhibited the
      hemagglutinating activity of the cultures. A concentration of 1% d-mannose added
      to crystal-violet-stained antigen preparations of S. typhimurium eliminated
      entirely the hemagglutinating effect of positive cultures and did not interfere
      with regular agglutination reactions. The hemagglutinating activity of S.
      typhimurium strains is apparently due to the presence of rigid appendage
      (fimgriae) on the surface of the bacterial cells. Results from these studies
      showed that fimbriated cultures are quite common among strains of S. typhimurium.

PMID- 1098033
TI  - The effect of heat exposure and bacterial endotoxin on plasma zinc concentration
      and the body temperature in the broiler.
AB  - The effect of heat exposure and bacterial endotoxins on plasma zinc levels and
      mean rectal temperature of 8 week old broilers and investigated. Broilers exposed
      for 2 hours to 35-35 degrees C. had higher (P less than 0.01) mean rectal
      temperatures (42.8 vs 41.7 degrees C.) than sham treated broilers maintained at
      22-24 degrees C. Likewise, endotoxin (E. coli, 500 mug./kg) treated broilers also
      had mean rectal temperatures significantly higher (P less than 0.01, 42.4 vs 41.7
      degrees C.) than sham treated broilers. Plasma zinc levels in the bacterial
      endotoxin treated broilers were lower (P less than 0.05) than in the sham treated
      (173 vs 220, and 219 mug/kg./100 ml. plasma, respectively). In contrast, the
      plasma zinc concentration was not significantly depressed in the broilers exposed
      to heat for 2 hours. In summary, either endotoxin or heat exposure resulted in
      increased body temperature, however only the response to endotoxin resulted in a
      significant depression of plasma zinc concentration.

PMID- 1098034
TI  - [Editorial: Development of medical societies].

PMID- 1098035
TI  - [Intestinal anastomosis. Influence of technic and suture material on
      cicatrization].

PMID- 1098037
TI  - Isolation of a cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus by physical and immunological
      techniques.
AB  - Procedures are described for the separation and purification of cytoplasmic
      polyhedrosis viruses obtained from multiply infected Heliothis armigera larvae.
      Separation was achieved by differential centrifugation and density gradient zone
      electrophoresis followed by complexing with nuclear polyhedrosis virus specific
      antibody. The yield of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus was increased by passage in
      larvae reared on synthetic media.

PMID- 1098036
TI  - [Varicose ulcer, Etiopathology and treatment].

PMID- 1098038
TI  - The fiftieth anniversary of diphtheria and tetanus immunization.

PMID- 1098039
TI  - Cigarette smoking, carbon monoxide, nicotine, and coronary disease.

PMID- 1098040
TI  - The effect of crown preparation and compound impressions on the diameter of the
      pulp arteriole.

PMID- 1098041
TI  - A follow-up study of partial crowns as bridge retainers.

PMID- 1098042
TI  - Transcription termination factor rho activity is altered in Escherichia coli with
      suA gene mutations.
AB  - Rho factor has been purified from a strain of E. coli containing the Su78
      mutation in the suA gene and assayed in another strain with an amber mutation in
      the suA gene. The rho from the Su78 mutant strain is present in normal amounts
      but has altered termination function; it does not terminate transcription at some
      sites that are recognized effectively by the rho factor from the isogenic wild
      type strain. Rho in cells with an amber mutation in the suA gene has been assayed
      by its RNA-dependent ATPase activity. Extracts of cells of this strain have only
      9% as much of this rho activity as extracts of cells of the isogenic wild-type
      strain. These results suggest that rho is the product of the suA gene. Since
      mutations in the suA gene are known to decrease polar effects of mutations in
      other genes, it is also suggested that rho factor is at least partially
      responsible for polar effects.

PMID- 1098043
TI  - Growth of mouse megakaryocyte colonies in vitro.
AB  - Mouse bone marrow and spleen cells formed pure or mixed colonies of up to 80
      megakaryocytes in agar cultures after stimulation by medium conditioned by
      activated mouse lymphoid cells. Megakaryocytes were identified on the basis of
      their morphology, polyploid mitoses and DNA content, and high cytoplasmic content
      of acetylcholinesterase. Megakaryocyte colony-forming cells were relatively small
      with a peak sedimentation velocity of 4.2 mm/hr. Spleen, lymph node, and thymus
      cells produced the factor stimulating megakaryocyte proliferation after culture
      in medium containing 2-mercaptoethanol, with or without added mitogens or
      allogeneic spleen cells. Peak activity in conditioning medium was associated with
      the small lymphocyte fractions in mouse spleen.

PMID- 1098044
TI  - Determination of genes, restriction sites, and DNA sequences surrounding the 6S
      RNA template of bacteriophage lambda.
AB  - A major product of the transcription of bacteriophage lambda DNA in vitro is the
      6S RNA. This article presents a detailed mapping of restriction endonuclease
      cleavage sites about the region of the 6S RNA template within the lambda genome.
      Restriction fragments defined by these sites have been used to localize the 6S
      RNA template within the physical and genetic maps of the lambda genome.
      Nucleotide sequence analysis of one of these fragments has largely confimed the
      nucleotide sequence of the 6S RNA reported previously and has indicated the
      sequence of DNA that immediately follows the 6S RNA template. This article
      reports the nucleotide sequence following a known site of transcription
      termination by RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1098045
TI  - Single-strand scissions of chromosomal DNA during commitment to recombination at
      meiosis.
AB  - Diploid cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae induced to undergo meiosis
      accumulate single-strand scissions in both template and newly synthesized DNA
      during commitment to genetic recombination. No evidence for accumulation of
      double-strand breaks during meiosis was obtained. When commitment to
      recombination is at the full meiotic level there are approximately 70 to 200
      single-strand scissions per meiotic cell in which approximately 150 recombination
      events have been reported to occur.

PMID- 1098046
TI  - Changing patterns of actin localization during cell division.
AB  - Changing patterns of actin localization have been studied on a light microscopic
      level by means of fluorescently labeled heavy meromyosin. The cellular
      distribution of actin is characterized by four major patterns, each of which
      corresponds to a particular phase of cell division. Long actin fibers are a
      prominent feature of the interphase cell. They disappear as the cell rounds up
      for mitosis and are replaced by a diffuse distribution of actin throughout the
      cytoplasm. During cytokinesis, the actin is localized predominantly in the
      cleavage furrow. The final shift of actin occurs after the completion of
      cytokinesis. At this time the actin becomes concentrated in the distal poles of
      the cell where pseudopods form to pull the daughter cells apart. When the
      daughter cells have separated, they flatten on the culture dish and the fibrous
      pattern of actin characteristic of interphase cells returns. All of these changes
      take place during the 1-hr period required for cell division.

PMID- 1098047
TI  - Presence of two polypeptide chains comprising fatty acid synthetase.
AB  - Highly purified fatty acid synthetases of chicken and rat livers have molecular
      weights of 500,000 and dissociate in solutions of low ionic strength into
      subunits of molecular weight 250,000 with loss of synthetase activity. The
      subunits can be reassociated in phosphate buffer with full restoration of the
      activity. In the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate or guanifine-HCl, the
      synthetases dissociate into polypeptide chains of molecular weight 220,000 as
      determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis and sedimentation
      equilibrium. The polypeptide contains the 4-phosphopantetheine group and the
      [14C]acetyl and [4C]malonyl groups if the synthetases were prelabeled with
      [14C]acetyl-CoA and [14C]malonyl-CoA. Similar results were obtained with the
      synthetase from yeast, except the subunit has a molecular weight of 200,000.
      These observations indicate that the multi-catalytic activities of the
      synthetases and the acyl carrier protein are associated only with the two
      polypeptide chains. The findings suggest a novel structural organization for
      multienzyme complexes.

PMID- 1098048
TI  - Proposed mechanism of bacteriophage lambda induction: acquisition of binding
      sites for lambda repressor by DNA of the host.
AB  - Interference with the in vitro binding of lambda phage repressor to lambda
      operator DNA was observed when Escherichia coli DNA containing the following
      lesions was present in the reaction mixture: (a) DNA with single-strand breaks
      from pancreatic DNase (nicked DNA); (B) DNA isolated from thymine-straved cells;
      (c) DNA from ultraviolet-treated cells; (d) DNA of mitomycin-treated cells; and
      (e) DNA from a temperature-sensitive ligase mutant after 1 hr at 42 degrees.
      Normal E. coli DNA did not interfere. Binding of lambda cIing-minus repressor to
      operator DNA was not affected by E. coli DNA with lesions. DNAs from cells
      treated with increasing doses of mitomycin were proportionately more effective in
      competition for repressor, suggesting increasing binding sites per unit of DNA. A
      general model of virus induction is proposed, based on binding affinity of
      ultraviolet-sensitive repressors for single-strand breaks in the host DNA. The
      model is extended also to the presumptive repressor of cell division.

PMID- 1098049
TI  - Insulin secretion by perfused islets from the obese Zucker rat.
AB  - The dynamics of insulin secretion from pancreatic islets of the Zucker-obese rat
      were studied by in vitro perfusion of individual islets. Glucose and L-leucine
      were used as insulinogenic stimuli. Control pancreatic islets were obtained from
      both normal weight Zucker-thin littermates and equivalent weight Sprague-Dawley
      rats. Our results demonstrate that pancreatic islets from 13-wk-old Zucker-obese
      rats hypersecrete insulin in the basal state and in response to both glucose and
      amino acid (L-leucine) stimuli. Neither pancreatic islets from control Zucker
      thin littermate animals (matched with the Zucker-obese animals for age or for
      total body weight), nor islets from Sprague-Dawley rats of comparable age and
      weight demonstrate comparable hypersecretion of insulin. These findings; i.e.,
      hypersecretion of insulin from obese pancreatic islets, suggest that the plasma
      hyperinsulinism characteristic of the obese state is maintained, at least in
      part, by an inherent abnormality of beta cell secretion. Whether this abnormality
      in beta cell secretion results from a genetic trait in the Zucker-obese strain or
      is induced by the insulin resistance of the obese animal is not resolved by this
      study. In any case, the observed in vitro hyperinsulin secretion from these
      islets supports the postulation that in vivo peripheral insulin resistance
      characteristic of obesity may be a physiological response that protects the
      animal from insulin-induced hypoglycemia.

PMID- 1098051
TI  - Effect of native levan on homograft rejection in mice.
AB  - The effect of high-molecular-weight levan on skin graft rejection was studied.
      Daily ip administration of 15-30 mg levan was shown to delay rejection in Balb/c
      and C57BL recipient mice. An increase in MST value by 3.6 days was obtained in
      Balb/c mice and of 5.6 days for C57BL.

PMID- 1098050
TI  - Stereologic evaluation of granular pneumocyte lamellar bodies in different
      species.
AB  - Lamellar bodies in individual pulmonary glanular pneumocytes in the species
      examined (mouse, rat, rabbit, and dog) have virtually the same volume density
      with respect to the cytoplasmic volume as estimated by stereological techniques.
      The surface-to-volume ratio for these structures also fail to show any
      interspecies variation in these species.

PMID- 1098052
TI  - Preparation of biologically active 125-I LH-RH suitable membrane-binding studies.

PMID- 1098053
TI  - Long-term culture of isolated pancreatic islet cells.
AB  - Successful long-term culture of isolated pancreatic islet as well as dissociated
      islet cells was accomplished with the use of Microtest II trays which provides
      the very small amount of culture medium that is easily conditioned. In the
      culture of isolated islet, the ultrastructure of the islet cells was completely
      preserved up to the 30th day and vigorous secretion of insulin was maintained
      even on the 75th day. While in the islet cell culture, insulin secretion
      gradually decreased from the 12th day. The latter procedure makes inoculation of
      a definite number of dissociated pure islet cells possible, thus opeing the way
      to the quantitative evaluation of B cell function in vitro.

PMID- 1098054
TI  - Lysosomal enzyme secretion and volume contraction induced in neutrophils by
      cytochalasin B, chemotactic factor and A23187.
AB  - The secretion of lysosomal enzymes from rabbit peritoneal polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes caused by either cytochalasin B, or cytochalasin B plus chemotactic
      factors, or by the divalent ionophore, A23187, is associated with a decrease in
      the volume of these same cells. No quantitative correlation could be found
      between the extent of lysosomal enzyme secretion and volume decrease for any of
      the three stimuli. This suggests that the volume decrease is neither the direct
      cause nor the result of the secretion.

PMID- 1098055
TI  - Similar vasoconstrictor responses to calcium in normotensive and esssential
      hypertensive men.
AB  - To study limb vascular responses in man to elevations in plasma calcium
      concentrations, we infused test isosmolar solutions of CaCl2 (0.115, 0.230, and
      0.460 meq calcium/min) and NaCl and control isosmolar solutions of NaCl into the
      brachial arteries of 10 normotensive men and eight men with essential
      hypertension of mild to moderate severity. Limb blood pressures were monitored,
      limb blood flow was measured by indicator-dilution, and limb vascular resistance
      was calculated as mm Hg/ml flow/min/100 cm3 limb volume. Measured concentration
      of calcium in limb venous plasma during infusion of 0.460 meq calcium/min was
      11.5 +/- 0.8 meq/liter (mean +/- SEM) with individual values ranging up to 20
      meq/liter. Changes in limb venous serum sodium, potassium, magnesium, and
      osmolality were similar during control and CaCl2 infusions. Decreases in limb
      venous blood hematocrit during CaCl2 infusions were the same or greater than
      those during control infusions. The infusions did not significantly change
      systemic blood calcium concentration or blood pressures. Limb blood flow
      decreased and resistance increased in response to CaCl2. Increments averaging as
      little as 2.2 meq/liter elevated limb resistance by about 45%. Log dose-response
      curves were linear. Responses did not differ in normotensives and hypertensives
      (P greater than 0.8). We conclude that the vascular response to acute elevation
      of plasma calcium concentrations up to 20 meq/liter in the limb oman is an
      impressive vasoconstriction. We found no evidence for abnormal vascular responses
      to calcium in essential hypertensive men.

PMID- 1098056
TI  - The structure and metabolism of lymphocyte membranes.

PMID- 1098057
TI  - Immunological aspects of urinary tract infections.

PMID- 1098058
TI  - Effects of 6-hydroxydopamine on shock-elicited aggression, emotionality and
      maternal behavior in female rats.
AB  - Tests of emotionality and shock-elicited aggression, which have revealed
      consistent changes in behavior in male rats given 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA),
      were administered to female rats intraventricularly injected with 250 mug of 6
      OHDA to determine whether aspects of the 6-OHDA syndrome are shared by female and
      male rats. The results confirmed that female rats become hyperemotional as well
      as hyperaggressive after 6-OHDA, as do males. Using the hypothesis that the
      behavioral effects of 6-OHDA lesions of catecholamine neurons result from a
      general reduction in threshold to aversive stimuli, it was predicted that
      arbitrarily selected stimuli having aversive components should enhance the
      behavior normally elicited by these stimuli. Stimuli selected for testing were
      those that normally elicit maternal defensive aggression and maternal retrieval.
      Both of these behaviors were found to be enhanced in 6-OHDA treated female rats,
      thus supporting the prediction. These findings were interpreted as inconsistent
      with the hypothesis that norepinephrine chemically codes specific behaviors,
      particularly aggressive behavior.

PMID- 1098059
TI  - [Complications and effects of the intraperitoneal application in animal
      experiment].

PMID- 1098060
TI  - [Friedrich Heinrich Biltz (1790-1835). A biographical abstract].

PMID- 1098061
TI  - Effects of stress and drugs on the catecholamine and pepsin concentrations in
      stomach wall of rat.
AB  - Reserpine, serotonin, and histamine as well as stress were employed to produced
      dystrophic lesions in the gastric mucosa of rats. Analysis of stomach tissues
      revealed that agencies which reduced catecholamine concentration also decreased
      endogenous levels of pepsinogen. Concentrations of the zymogen were increased
      after parenteral administration of dopa, but were not changed by injections of
      alpha-methyl-dopa. The evidence supports the suggestion that catecholamines
      participate in the control of pepsin production and are involved in the secretory
      function of the stomach.

PMID- 1098062
TI  - Physical methods of investigating the foetus.

PMID- 1098063
TI  - Infrared scattering: a method for evaluating the mass and size of bacteria.
AB  - In the realm of biophysics and biochemistry, light scattering is used extensively
      to evaluate the molecular weight and size of macromolecules and particles in
      suspension. Bacteria scatter strongly but are too large for the conventional
      procedures. By extending the wavelength lambda of the incident radiation into the
      infrared, we show that the effective size of the bacteria (relative to lambda) is
      reduced, and the usual Zimm plot measurements and procedure can be applied to
      evaluate the molecular weight and size. Details of the apparatus, its alignment,
      calibration and use are given along with data for aqueous suspensions of the
      three species Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli and Thiobacillus
      ferrooxidans. The method has the advantages of being suitable for rod-like or
      ellipsoid-like bacteria as well as spheres, for polydisperse samples and for
      monitoring the effects of environment, antibodies and chemical therapeutic agents
      on the bacteria.

PMID- 1098064
TI  - Refractive index increment meaasurement for bacterial suspensions.

PMID- 1098065
TI  - A 24-hour periodicity in the activity of a nickel-coated glass slide used for
      carrying out immunologic reactions at a liquid-solid interface.
AB  - Active nickel-plated slides are prepared by evaporating the metal in the presence
      of a magnetic field oriented perpendicularly to the slide, the surface being
      metallized facing the south pole of the field. Active slides coated with an
      antigen layer (bovine albumin or ovalbumin) can specifically adsorb a layer of
      antibodies nearly twice as thick (70 to 80 A) as that adsorbed on inactive slides
      (40 A). The activity of a slide varies within a 24-hour period. Fully active at
      night, a slide gradually loses its activity from sunrise on but regains it at
      sunset. The experimental evidence favors the view that inactivation is brought
      about by soft cosmic rays emanating from the sun. The inactivation can be
      prevented by keeping the slide under 3.5 cm of lead.

PMID- 1098067
TI  - Fetal sensory receptors.

PMID- 1098066
TI  - The effect of sodium bisulfite on the melting profiles of nucleic acids and on
      their respective nucleosides.
AB  - The effect of sodium bisulfite (0.27 M, pH 7) on melting behavior of DNA, yeast
      RNA and their respective nucleosides was studied. It was found that bisulfite
      added not only to pyrimidine bases but also to purine bases of nucleic acids and
      of nucleosides. The addition products were stable at higher temperatures but
      reverted to parent compounds at room temperature. The only exception was the
      addition product of uridine which was stable at room temperature and could be
      isolated by paper chromatography in a 42-62% yield. Heating of DNA solutions in
      the presence of bisulfite to 95 degrees C caused a 90% loss of absorbance at 260
      nm. On cooling, the absorbance was essentially recovered. When compared to the
      melting behavior of DNA in 0.27 M NaCl or 0.09 M Na2SO4 (same ionic strength), it
      was found that bisulfite destabilized double helical structure of DNA and that
      reversible addition of bisulfite did occur much below the melting temperature of
      DNA observed in the other two solvents.

PMID- 1098068
TI  - Radiographic approach to stereotaxic surgery in rhesus monkeys.
AB  - A method is described which uses radiographic techniques to identify ventricular
      and bony landmarks as guides in placing probes into specific areas of the brain
      in the rhesus monkey. This approach requires a relatively simple modification of
      a standard stereotaxic instrument and is applicable to various physiological and
      behavioral experiments in species where cranial variability limits the accuracy
      of stereotaxic surgery.

PMID- 1098069
TI  - The anatomy of several free flap donor sites.
AB  - The vascular anatomy of the supplying vessels to the iliofemoral, the
      deltopectoral, the axillary, and the thoracoabdominal regions has been
      investigated in detail in fresh cadavers. Other donor sites were also examined.
      The anatomical relationship of the supplying vessels is discussed-and the design,
      conversion, and utilization of these skin areas as donor sites for free flap
      transfer are detailed. The iliofemoral region is suggested as the best donor site
      for most free flap procedures.

PMID- 1098070
TI  - Laser, scalpel, electrosurgical, and tangential excisions of third degree burns.
      A preliminary report.
AB  - Our clinical experience with laser, electrosurgical, scalpel, and tangential burn
      wound excisions in 26 patients is presented.

PMID- 1098071
TI  - Letter: Goodbye to the term "length-to-width ratio".

PMID- 1098072
TI  - Letter: Toward an anatomical and hemodynamic classification of skin flaps.

PMID- 1098073
TI  - Letter: Absorption of a small bone graft in the nasal tip.

PMID- 1098074
TI  - The voice of polite dissent. Reconstruction for aplasia of the breast and
      pectoral region by microvascular transfer of a free flap from the buttock.

PMID- 1098075
TI  - One-stage coverage of the large chest wall defect with a giant bepedicled flap.
      Case reports.
AB  - We present a method of closing chest wall defects with a large bepedicled flap
      from the adjacent chest wall and abdominal tissue.

PMID- 1098076
TI  - A method to keep dressings moist prior to delayed skin grafting.
AB  - A simple method is described of using a commercial drape or sheet of polyethylene
      to keep dressings moist prior to the application of delayed skin grafts.

PMID- 1098077
TI  - [Practolol in the treatment of withdrawal symptoms].

PMID- 1098078
TI  - [Problems of resocialization of mentally ill in Polish psychiatry up to World War
      I].

PMID- 1098079
TI  - [In memoriam: Eugeniusz Brzezicki (12/1/1890-9/6/1974)].

PMID- 1098080
TI  - The psychoanalytic basis of Gandhi's politics.

PMID- 1098081
TI  - The prehistory of Freud's theory of castration anxiety.

PMID- 1098082
TI  - Adventures in ideas. Introduction: on psychohistory.

PMID- 1098083
TI  - Emerson and incest.

PMID- 1098084
TI  - Nomifensine: a potent dopaminergic agonist of antiparkinson potential.
AB  - Nomifensine was shown to be a potent stereotypic agent in rat. Its effect was
      resistant to a-methylparatyrosine pretreatment but was abolished by combined
      reserpine/alpha-methylparatyrosine and by haloperidol. Electrolytic lesions
      placed in dopamine-containing areas of the extra-pyramidal, mesolimbic and
      amygdaloid systems indicated an effect in all areas, but the globus pallidus and
      substantianigra were shown to be most important for its action. Also the effect
      of nomifensine was reduced by lesions of the medial and/or dorsal raphe nuclei. A
      circling behaviour was recorded following nomifensine administration to animals
      with unilateral electrolytic lesions of the substantia nigra or asymmetric
      lesions of the medial raphe nucleus. These effects were resistant to alpha
      methylparatyrosine and inhibited by haloperidol. Nomifensine reduced the
      intensity of harmine-induced tremor. The M2-metabolic of nomifensine mimicked the
      effects of the parent compound on peripheral administration bu the onset of
      action was more rapid and  the duration shorter. The M2-metabolite was active on
      intrastriatal injection to induce stereotyped/hyperactive behaviour and
      contralateral asymmetries. In all experimental situations nomifensine was
      compared with apomorphine and d-amphetamine (dopamine and L-Dopa where
      appropriate). Nomifensine/metabolite was shown to be a potent dopaminergic
      agonist with an action mainly dependent upon functioning of the extrapyramidal
      system and partly independent of presynaptic mechanisms.

PMID- 1098085
TI  - N-desmethyldiazepam and amylobarbitone sodium as hypnotics in anxious patients.
      Plasma levels, clinical efficacy and residual effects.
AB  - Drug plasma levels of N-desmethyldiazepam (10 and 20 mg/day given at night) and
      amylobarbitone sodium (200 mg/day given at night) were determined in 45 patients
      after 1 and 7 days of treatment together with estimates of hypnotic and residual
      effects. No relationships were found between clinical rati ngs of hypnotic effect
      and drug plasma levels, while significant correlations were observed between some
      performance taska and drug plasma concentrations of amylobarbitone sodium, and of
      the higher dose of N-desmethyldiazepam.

PMID- 1098086
TI  - Inhibition of d-amphetamine-induced locomotor activity by injection of
      haloperidol into the nucleus accumbens of the rat.
AB  - The effect of intracerebral administraton of antagonists of dopamine and
      noradrenaline upon the locomotor stimulation induced by intraperitoneal injection
      of d-amphetamine sulfate in rats was investigated. Inj ection of low doses of the
      dopamine antagonist haloperidol (2.5 mug and 5 mug) bilaterally into the nucleus
      accumbens antagonized the locomotor stimulation following d-amphetamine. No
      significant inhibition was observed following administration of the alpha
      adrenergic antagonist phentolamine or thhe beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol
      into the nucleus accumbens. Injection of the dame doses of haloperidol into the
      caudate nucleus did not inhibit the d-amphetamine induced locomotor activity in
      contrast to the effects seen following injection into the nucleus accumbens. The
      results confirm the significance of dopaminergic mechanisms for the locomotor
      stimulant effect of d-amphetamine and indicate that the mesolimbic dopamine
      system plays an important role in this respect.

PMID- 1098087
TI  - Changes in morphine self-administration and morphine dependence after lesions of
      the caudate nucleus in rats.
AB  - Rats were trained to bar press for intravenous infusions of morphine sulfate
      during 1-hr daily test sessions.  Small, centrally placed bilateral lesions of
      the caudate nucleus reduced rats of morphine self-administration to approximately
      one seventh of preoperative levels; postoperative rates were similar to
      preoperative rates when the postoperative unit infusion dose of morphine was one
      tenth of the preoperative dose.  Caudate lesions also lowered the threshold dose
      at which morphine's rewarding property could be detected.  Physical dependence
      was studied in other rats receiving a 3-day continuous infusion of morphine
      sulfate via implanted subcutaneous silicone reservoirs.  Caudate lesions
      ameliorated withdrawal-induced weight loss and naloxone-induced "wet dog shakes".
      Both the self-administration and dependence data are consistent with the idea
      that morphine blocks dopaminergic transmission in the striatum.

PMID- 1098088
TI  - The effect of amitriptyline, desipramine and imipramine on the vivo brain
      synthesis of 3H-noradrenaline from 3H-L-dopa in the rat.
AB  - 3H-L-Dopa was given to rats after a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor Ro 4-4602
      (50 mg/kg) and the effect of 30 min pretreatment with antiptyline (10 mg/kg),
      desipramine (10 mg/kg) and imipramine (10 mg/kg) on the brain formation of 3H
      dopamine, 3H-noradrenaline and their major metabolites was investigated.
      Desipramine produced a decrease in the level of labelled noradrenaline and its
      major metabolites free and conjugated 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyleneglycol and 3,4
      dihydroxyphenyleneglycol. Imipramine decreased labelled noradrenaline and 3
      methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyleneglycol, whereas amitriptyline produced no significant
      effect on noradrenaline metabolism. The thymoleptic drugs produced no significant
      effect on endogenous brain noradrenaline and dopamine. These findings provide a
      strong indication that desipramine and imipramine inhibit the 3H-noradrenaline
      biosynthesis from 3H-L-Dopamthe effect seems closely related to the well-known
      membrane inhibitory effect of these drugs, since desipramine produced a more
      marked effect than imipramine and amitriptyline showed no effect. No conclusive
      evidence for the precise mechanism of action was obtained but it is possible that
      the decreased 3H-noradrenaline synthesis is related to interference of
      desipramine and imipramine with the precursor (s) 3H-L-Dopa or 3H-dopamine at
      sites of 3H-noradrenaline biosynthesis.

PMID- 1098089
TI  - Pharmacology of methylated norepinephrine derivatives.

PMID- 1098090
TI  - Erythroid toxicity of azathioprin. Macrocytosis and selective marrow hypoplasis.
AB  - In a population of 70 stable renal allograft recipients receiving azathioprine,
      macrocytosis was present in a majority and its severity was related to
      azathioprine dosage. There were associated megaloblastoid marrow changes which
      could not be related to serum folate or vitamin B12 concentrations. Two cases of
      selective red cell hypoplasia in renal allograft recipients are described; in
      each patient, azathioprine was incriminated and the effect dose-related. These
      observations indicate that the erythroid effects of azathioprine may precede, and
      be independent of, its effects on the myeloid series.

PMID- 1098092
TI  - [Importance of high speed equipment for the dentist].

PMID- 1098093
TI  - [What is important about the "third dentition"].

PMID- 1098091
TI  - Acute reversible renal failure in patients with acute cholecystitis and
      cholangitis.
AB  - Although acute renal failure is a well recognized complication of several extra
      hepatic biliary tract diseases especially biliary tract surgery in the presence
      of obstructive jaundice, there is little information concerning renal failure in
      acute cholecystitis. Renal function was assessed in 14 patients with acute
      cholecystitis and two with acute cholangitis. Six patients had no evidence of
      renal impairment, four had modest elevations of plasma urea and creatinine
      concentrations and six had acute reversible renal failure of whom three required
      peritoneal dialysis. Only one patient was hypovolaemic and in the remainder there
      was evidence that intravasular coagulation was responsible for the renal failure.
      It is suggested that bacteraemia was the initiating factor. The therapeutic
      implications of these findings are discussed.

PMID- 1098094
TI  - [Checklist for daily work in the dental office. (IV)].

PMID- 1098095
TI  - [Proteinuria in kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1098096
TI  - [Determination of the number and radiosensitivity of bone marrow cells forming
      spleen colonies of erythroid, myeloid and megakaryocytic types].

PMID- 1098097
TI  - [Effect of the magnitude of the dose of Co60 gamma-rays on mouse bone marrow
      colony-forming cells].

PMID- 1098098
TI  - [LRH in Escherichia coli B following UV-radiation].

PMID- 1098099
TI  - Annual oration, 1974. A tribute to John S. Bouslog, M.D. Introduction of Annual
      Orator, Milton Elkin, M.D.

PMID- 1098100
TI  - Radiology of the urinary tract: some physiological considerations. Annual oration
      in memory of John S. Bouslog, M.D., 1890-1973.
AB  - This paper reviews some of the fundamental technical and diagnostic problems in
      clinical uroradiology, such as (a) the reason for the obstructive nephrogram; (b)
      why high-dose urography gives better studies than low-dose; (c) why the Trueta
      phenomenon has not been demonstrated in man; (d) the case for an intrarenal
      arterial collateral pathway via the pericalyceal network (these vessels can be
      demonstrated in man and must not be misinterpreted as tumor vessels or vascular
      malformations). One of the most baffling problems sometimes occurs with the
      sudden partial block of a single segmental vessel: the kidney ceases to excrete
      urine and eventually becomes atrophic even though some excretory function
      returns. To date, there is no satisfactory explanation for this course of events.

PMID- 1098101
TI  - Arteriography of renal transplants.
AB  - Arteriograms were reviewed in 60 cases of renal transplant dysfunction and
      correlated with the final diagnosis. Angiographic refinements included selective
      injections, 2-4X direct magnification, and flow-dependent injection rates.
      Angiography permitted recognition of common causes of post-transplantation
      dysfunction, including acute vasomotor nephropathy (AVN), acute refection (AR),
      chronic rejection, and obstruction of the ureter, renal artery, or renal vein. In
      28 patients with AVN or AR who had technically adequate cortical microangiograms,
      classification was correct in 57%, indeterminate in 36%, and erroneous in 7%. In
      addition to its diagnostic value, angiography provides some prognostic
      information in AR, permitting prediction of functional return when the pattern
      suggests AVN and lack of return when cortical necrosis is indicated.

PMID- 1098102
TI  - The potential of localized heating as a adjunct to radiation therapy.
AB  - Experimental studies have shown that (a) tumor cells may be more sensitive to
      heat than normal cells; (b) hyperthermia inactivates cellular repair mechanisms
      for radiation damage; and (c) heat may lower the OER for ionizing radiation
      (anoxic cells are at least as sensitive to hyperthermia as oxygenated cells).
      Localized hyperthemia produced by localized current fields in the range of 100
      kHz-10 MHz by direct contact electrodes offers two major advantages: the eletrode
      configurations may be manipulated to obtain desired thermal dose distributions,
      and, since the mode of heating is essentially instantaneous, accurate temperature
      control can be maintained during treatment.

PMID- 1098103
TI  - In memoriam. Ernest Harvey Wood, M.D. 1914-1975.

PMID- 1098104
TI  - In memoriam. John F. Berry, Jr. 1918-1974.

PMID- 1098105
TI  - In memoriam. Vernon Ray Gee, M.D. 1920-1974.

PMID- 1098106
TI  - The impact of computed tomography on neuroradiologic practice.
AB  - To assess the impact of computed tomography (CT) of the head on neuroradiologic
      and diagnostic practice, we analyzed its capabilities, performance, and usage in
      our practice during the past 18 months. The results were compared to similar data
      on other neurodiagnostic tests, i.e., electroencephalography (EEG), A-mode
      echoencephalography, cerebral angiography, cerebral pneumography, and nuclide
      brain scanning. All diagnostic techniques except EEG were used less often as the
      capabilities of CT became known to our clinicians.

PMID- 1098107
TI  - An approach to contrast enhancement in computed tomography of the brain.
AB  - A total of 450 brain examinations were performed using computed tomography before
      and after intravenous infusion of methylglucamine diatrizoate 30%. In 110 cases
      involving a documented intracranial lesion, the scans were analyzed to determine
      the degree and usefulness of contrast enhancement. Enhancement was achieved in a
      wide variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions and was found to be of
      considerable help in detection of abnormality as well as in defining tumor
      morphology.

PMID- 1098108
TI  - Evaluation of mammographic calcifications using a computer program.
AB  - A computer pattern recognition program was developed to evaluate calcifications
      seen on mammograms. When the approximate horizontal length, average internal gray
      level, and contrast were used as criteria, 84.3% of the lesions studied were
      correctly identified as malignant or benign. These results show that a computer
      program can help evaluate calcifications of the breast.

PMID- 1098109
TI  - Sealed sources in synthetic absorbable suture: a new method for permanent
      interstitial implantation.
AB  - Inactive gold grains are embedded at 1-cm intervals along a synthetic, absorbable
      surgical suture, then subjected to neutron irradiation in a nuclear reactor,
      forming a new material for permanent interstitial implant therapy. Assembling and
      activating the sealed sources in an absorbable carrier, the physical properties
      of the irradiated suture, its behavior in tissue, and the methods and results of
      implantation in the dog are described.

PMID- 1098110
TI  - In memoriam. Ross Golden, M.D. 1890-1975.

PMID- 1098111
TI  - The role of hemodynamics in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

PMID- 1098112
TI  - Comparisons of affinity constants of PGEs-receptor interaction with
      concentrations of PGEs needed for half maximal stimulation of adenylate cyclase.

PMID- 1098113
TI  - Luteolysis, estrus and ovulation, and blood prostaglandin F after intramuscular
      administration of 15, 30 or 60 mg prostaglanding F2alpha.
AB  - During diestrus in three consecutive estrous cycles, each of six heifers was
      given (im) 30 mg, 15 mg (twice at 6-hr intervals) and 60 mg prostaglandin F2alpha
      (PGF2alpha) tham salt. Neither the decline in blood progesterone, the increase in
      blood estradiol, the duration or the peak of the LH surge, the interval to onset
      of estrus, nor the interval to ovulation was affected significantly by dose of
      PGF2alpha. Thus, relative to that after 30 mg PGF2alpha im, two injections of 15
      mg at 6-hr intervals or 60 mg PGF2alpha did not hasten luteolysis. Thirty mg was
      an ample in dose of PGF2alpha to cause luteolysis. Regardless of im dose of
      PGF2alpha, blood PGF peaked at about 6.0 ng/ml within 10 minutes and returned to
      basal values (less than 1.0 ng/ml) within 90 minutes. In another trial, after a
      single iv injection of 5 mg PGF2alpha, blood PGF peaked (25 ng/ml) within 5
      minutes and returned to basal values within 15 minutes. During a 30-minute
      infusion (0.5 mg/minute) of PGF2alpha, blood PGF plateaued at 29.5 ng/ml with a
      metabolic clearance rate of 17.0 liters per minute.

PMID- 1098114
TI  - Letter: The effect of anti-prostaglandin on the hypertonic saline-induced uterine
      activity.

PMID- 1098115
TI  - Functional studies on the immediate polyuria after human renal transplantation.

PMID- 1098116
TI  - Establishing play behaviors in mentally retarded youth.

PMID- 1098117
TI  - Effect of the antiepileptic drug sodium valproate on induction of hepatic
      microsomal P450.
AB  - Sodium valproate is an anticonvulsant which, unlike phenobarbitone, does not
      produce an increase in rat hepatic P450 when given in large nontherapeutic doses.

PMID- 1098118
TI  - Demonstration of methadone in the human brain by immunofluorescence.
AB  - Specific neuronal staining for methadone was demonstrated by immunofluorescence
      in the brain tissue of ten addicts who had died from drug overdose. Areas of the
      brain most frequently involved were the hypothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus,
      amygdala, cerebellum and brain stem. Toxicological studies confirmed the presence
      of methadone in each case.

PMID- 1098119
TI  - Frequency of surface immunoglobulin bearing blood lymphocytes in cattle affected
      with bovine leukosis.
AB  - Lymphocytes of the peripheral blood from healthy cows and animals suffering from
      bovine leukosis (persistent lymphocytosis or leukaemia) were examined for the
      presence of surface immunoglobulin determinants. Using the immunofluorescence
      technique an average of 18 per cent of lymphocytes from healthy and 67 per cent
      from leukotic cows could be recognised as positive. An increase of these positive
      cells, which are supposed to be B cells or of B cell origin, seems to be a
      characteristic finding in this disease of cattle.

PMID- 1098120
TI  - The direct fluorescent antibody test for the detection of Treponema hyodysenteria
      in pigs.
AB  - A direct fluorescent antibody technique for the detection of Treponema
      hyodysenteriae in faeces and bowel smears from pigs produced a better preparation
      than the indirect method and also had the advantages that it took less time,
      produced less non-specific fluorescnece and gave direct control over the
      availability of the reagents used.

PMID- 1098121
TI  - [Dr. Francisco Navarro].

PMID- 1098122
TI  - [Marcos Donoso Donoso].

PMID- 1098124
TI  - U.S. stamp to honor Clara Maass.

PMID- 1098123
TI  - [Transferable resistance is cultures of Salmonella typhimurium isolated in
      Recife].

PMID- 1098125
TI  - What to do for the decubitus patient--post-op.

PMID- 1098126
TI  - [Dentofacial orthopedics and orthopedic surgery].
AB  - The authors describe five cases of surgical correction of dysmorphisms of the
      maxillaries requiring orthodontic treatment before surgery. Pre-operative
      orthodontic treatment of the adult has the advantage of enabling the arches to be
      aligned, facilitating the operation when the osteotomized fragments are
      positioned and resulting in immobilisation in a good position.

PMID- 1098127
TI  - Charles Freidel (1901-1972).

PMID- 1098128
TI  - [Primary cheilorhinoplasty for congenital unilateral labiomaxillary fissure.
      Trial schematization of a technic].
AB  - The addition of rhinoplasty to primary cheiloplasty for cleft lip improves not
      only the post-operative state but also, by re-establishing the equilibrium of all
      the cartilaginous and musculo-periosteal structures, favourises maxillary growth.
      The author describes a technique and presents some results.

PMID- 1098129
TI  - [Note on lingual mutilations and their possible surgical repair].
AB  - A historical review is followed by a case report concerning a 58-year-old man
      cured of a pelvilingual carcinoma at the price of severe mutilation in whom it
      was possible, with the aid of cutaneo-cylindircal grafts, to close a
      buccocervical fistula and to anatomically reconstruct the tongue. This rare case
      proves that after treatment for carcinoma, stomatological plastic surgery is
      possible when cure is certain and the patient's general condition good.

PMID- 1098130
TI  - Decrease in gastric secretion during the first three months after proximal
      gastric vagotomy in duodenal ulcer patients.
AB  - Gastric secretion was stimulated by intravenous infusion of 15 mug/kg/hr of
      pentagastrin before and 10 and 90 days after proximal gastric vagotomy in 16
      duodenal ulcer patients. Postoperatively 15 ug/kg/hr of pentagastrin was also
      given in combination with 2 mug/kg/hr of carbacholine. Mean acid output in
      response to pentagastrin alone was reduced by 48 and 64 per cent at 10 and 90
      days after the vagotomy, respectively. Mean pentagastrin-stimulated acid output
      and volume of gastric juice was significantly higher at 10 days than at 90 days
      after the operation. Mean pepsin output decreased also, but the decrease was not
      statistically significant. There was no significant effect of carbacholine on
      pentagastrin-stimulated acid output either at 10 or 90 days. Carbacholine
      increased pentagastrin-stimulated volume of gastric juice significantly at 10 but
      not 90 days postoperatively. The effect of carbacholine on pentagastrin
      stimulated pepsin output was significant both 10 and 90 days after the vagotomy.
      Pepsin output in response to pentagastrin plus carbacholine 10 days after the
      operation was not significantly different from preoperative values. At 10 days
      postoperatively the increase in pentagastrin-stimulated volume of gastric juice
      by carbacholine was significantly greater than at 90 days. The corresponding
      differences of acid and pepsin outputs were not significant.

PMID- 1098131
TI  - Lactoferrin, a protein of human pancreatic external secretion.

PMID- 1098132
TI  - Role of intravenously infused insulin in treatment of acute pancreatitis. A
      double-blind study.
AB  - The effect of insulin treatment in acute pancreatitis was studied in a double
      blind investigation. Fifteen patients with clinical signs of acute pancreatitis
      were treated with intravenous infusion of glucose and insulin only. Twelve
      patients were free from pain within four hours of commencement of treatment.
      Within eight hours all fifteen were free from abdominal pain. Fourteen patients
      with pancreatitis established by the same criteria were treated with glucose
      infusions without insulin. Only four of the patients in this group became free
      from pain within four hours. The role of intravenously infused insulin with
      respect to the more beneficial effect in the first group is discussed.

PMID- 1098133
TI  - Inhibition of leucocyte migration by antigens from human colon and E. coli O 14
      in patients with ulcerative colitis.
AB  - In 55 patients with ulcerative colitis and in 25 controls the leucocyte migration
      inhibition test was performed. As antigens the extract from human fetal colon and
      the lipopolysaccharide antigen from E. coli O 14 were used. The leucocyte
      migration in patients with ulcerative colitis was significantly inhibited in the
      presence of the antigens mentioned. In patients with an active form of ulcerative
      colitis the leucocyte migration was significantly inhibited as compared to the
      leucocyte migration in patients with a nonactive form of the disease.

PMID- 1098134
TI  - The effects of acetylsalicylic acid on the human gastric mucosa as revealed by
      gastrocamera.
AB  - The influence on the gastric mucosa of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) given as a
      buffered solution (Bamyl-SR, AB Hassle, Sweden) and as a conventional
      disintegrating tablet (MagnecylR, ACO, Sweden) has been compared in 7 healthy
      volunteers, using the gastrocamera technique. The study was performed crossover
      with randomized treatment periods. The dosage of ASA was 1 g 3 times daily for 3
      days. Before and after each treatment period gastrocamera examinations were
      performed. The evaluation of the gastro-camera films was made blindly. It was
      found that after the ASA-tablets all subjects had multiple and prominent
      erosions. However, in all subjects the erosive effects on the gastric mucosa were
      less pronounced with the buffered solution. It was concluded that any person
      taking conventional ASA-tablets in a dose of 1 g 3 times daily for 3 days runs
      the risk of developing lesions of the gastric mucosa. This risk is less when ASA
      is taken in the form of a buffered solution.

PMID- 1098135
TI  - Output of bilirubin and pancreatic enzymes in response to different liquid test
      meals in man.
AB  - The output of bilirubin and pancreatic enzymes was determined after ingestion of
      three different liquid test meals in man. Doubling the amount of protein in a
      composite meal was followed by a delivery of more protein per time unit to the
      intestine and by a higher output of bilirubin and enzymes than was recorded after
      a similar meal containing less protein. The ingestion of a 15% glucose solution
      awoke a considerable output of bilirubin and enzymes during the first hour,
      thereafter it was low and decreasing. The differences in enzyme and bilirubin
      output corresponded to differences in quality and quantity of the emptied food
      components.

PMID- 1098136
TI  - [The short novel "The jealous Estremaduran", an example of Cervantes'
      psychopathology].
AB  - The Cervantinie short novel "The Jealous Estremaduran" describes with poetic
      liberty the senile jealousy-imagination of a man nearly 80 years old towards his
      15-year-old new bride. The preposterous, patholplastic forms of this jealousy
      phantasm make the main figure of the short novel, the old man Carrizales, his
      absurd, fantastie plans of a hermetical isolation of his wife from the outside
      world a reality. CERVANTES describes in his novel, without the noxa alcohol
      playing any part though, a state of affairs which is similar to the symptoms of
      the chronic jealousy-phantasm of the alcoholic who only has in his mind's eye the
      sheer wish to possess his partner. These details prescribed in a person with a
      pathological derangement, which show CERVANTES as an excellent psychopathologist
      among the poets, are examined and analysed.

PMID- 1098137
TI  - [Electro-clinical evolution of cerebral spongiosis].
AB  - Electroencephalogram was repeated about every third week in the last five months'
      course of a spongiform encephalopathy, Creutzfeldt-Jakob type. This confirms the
      interest of EEG and its diagnostic value in certain presenile dementias. The
      appearance of triphasic stereotyped complexes with a short periodic interval is
      the fundamental pattern allowing to predict, then to assess, the diagnosis. Our
      study is based upon 14 polygraphic records (including EEG, respiratory rhythm,
      ocular movements and limbs' actogram); compared with previous studies from the
      literature it shows some pecularities: - periodic discharges with an interval of
      about one second appearing early, i.e. before the clinical picture became
      typical, -lack of any change under the influence of various drugs and
      stimulations, - stability of the pattern throughout the whole course of the
      disease.

PMID- 1098138
TI  - [The beginning of neurosurgery].
AB  - Trephining was practiced by neolithic man. But neurosurgery as a speciality arose
      only during the second half of the 19th century. Its first pioneers were Sir
      William Mac Ewen, Sir Victor Horsley, Fedor Drause, and Antoine Chipault. The
      leaders of the second generation were Harvey Cushing, Walter Dandy, Charles
      Elsberg and Charles Frazier. Mention deserve also Otfried Foerster, Thierry de
      Martel, Clovis Vincent, Rene Leriche and Ludwig Puusepp.

PMID- 1098139
TI  - [Lope de Vegas comedy "Los locos de Valencia" a view of a 16th century
      psychiatric institution].
AB  - With the comedy "Los locos de Valencia" (The Insane of Valencia) Lope de Vega
      left us valuable evidence of the nursing of the insane in the 16th century. After
      a summarizing presentation of the intricate plot of the play the manifold details
      about admission, general treatment of the mentally ill as well as the habits in
      the oldest psychiatric institution of the world are communicated and analysed by
      means of citations form comedy. Furthermore, an attempt is being made to
      demonstrate the nosolgic understanding of the Humanist and non-physician Lope de
      Vega for the psychiatric conditions and way of living from the same source.

PMID- 1098140
TI  - [Priapism--pathogenesis and therapy].
AB  - Priapism can occur when pathologic stimuli (e.g. lesions of the cervical spinal
      cord) cause prolonged erection, and when normal stimuli under pathologic
      circumstances (e.g. sickle cell disease, leukemia) produce prolonged erection. As
      any priapism eventually leads to permanent impotentia coeundi, immediate therapy
      is absolutely indicated. All unspecific procedures are useless and merely waste
      time. The priapism in connection with hematologic diseases must be countered by
      conservative specific therapy (sickle cell disease by blood transfusions;
      leukemias by cytostatic drugs). All other forms of priapism must be treated by
      surgery as soon as possible. The operation of choice today perineal bilateral
      shunt between the corpus cavernosum and the corpus spongiosum

PMID- 1098142
TI  - [Appraisal of the clinical results in oral implantology].

PMID- 1098141
TI  - [Osteoplastic hip buttress in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip].
AB  - The results of 40 acetabuloplasties of the hip for osteoarthritis have been
      studied over a follow-up period of 6 months to 7 years. 12 patients have been
      treated by shelf arthroplasty alone and 26 by the same operation combined with
      intertrochanteric osteotomy. These operations, which are suitable for use in
      patients too young for a total hip prosthesis, give very satisfactory results in
      80% of the cases, but the patients must be carefully selected. The clinical and
      radiological criteria on which this choice is based, and the technical
      peculiarities of the operation, are described.

PMID- 1098143
TI  - [Dental and mandibular studies on mummies. Contribution of a stomatologist].
AB  - This is the sequence to an investigation on a mummy, 1965. Two further mummies
      could be examined: the first, a woman about 34 years old, from the 1st to 3rd
      century, shows similar advanced destruction of the teeth as the mummy
      investigated in 1965, caused by sand in the hand milled bread flour. This caused
      an early loss of molars by exaggerated abrasion, exposure of the pulps and
      periodontal bone loss. There was no evidence of occlusal caries. The second mummy
      was a 18-year-old young woman, 800-700 b. C. From the inscriptions on the
      sarcophagus name, family and living circumstances could be found. The same
      damages were found here, there was only a gradual difference owing to age
      difference. An interesting special finding was the absence of lip closure and the
      postmortal damage to the front teeth which may have been caused by the ritual of
      mouth opening.

PMID- 1098144
TI  - Changes in obsessive/compulsive patients as measured by the Leyton Inventory
      before and after treatment with clomipramine.
AB  - The Leyton Obsessional Inventory has been found to be a useful measure in
      assessing patients before and after treatment with clomipramine. Mean scores for
      symptoms and interference altered significantly during the course of treatment.
      The Leyton Obsessional Inventory, however, lacks external validation owing to the
      absence of some valid alternative quantification. In the absence of such external
      validation it seems justifiable to use the mean Leyton score diagnostically but
      not as a sole indication of severity or response to treatment.

PMID- 1098145
TI  - Selective silencing of eukaryotic DNA.

PMID- 1098146
TI  - The coming of age of the cell.

PMID- 1098147
TI  - The american birth rate: evidences of a coming rise.

PMID- 1098148
TI  - Flagellar coordination in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: isolation and reactivation
      of the flagellar apparatus.
AB  - The flagellar apparatus (both flagella with basal bodies and accessory
      structures) of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was isolated from a wall-less mutant and
      induced to swim in the presence of adenosine triphosphate. The movement of the
      flagella of the isolated apparatus was largely synchronous and indistinguishable
      from the movement of flagella on living cells. These observations suggest that
      the mechanism of flagellar coordination in this biflagellate alga is largely
      intrinsic to the structure of the flagellar apparatus itself.

PMID- 1098149
TI  - Glucagon release: paradoxical stimulation by glucose during calcium deprivation.
AB  - During calsium deprivation, the rate of glucagon release by the isolated perfused
      rat pancreas is positively related to the glucose concentration of the perfusion
      medium. It is suggested that such a paradoxical behavior, which is reminiscent of
      the abnormality of glucagon secretion recently disclosed in diabetic subjects,
      results from a perturbation in the normal structural and functional bridging
      between pancreatic alpha and beta cells.

PMID- 1098150
TI  - Immunobiology of cartilage.

PMID- 1098151
TI  - Biological effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

PMID- 1098153
TI  - Social services go public.

PMID- 1098152
TI  - Radioligand assay in reproductive biology.
AB  - Radioligand assays have been developed for the principal reproductive steroids
      and peptide hormones. Specific binding reagents have included antibodies, plasma
      binders, and intracellular receptors. In each assay, problems of specificity,
      sensitivity, and nonspecific inhibitors were encountered. Many features of the
      endocrine physiology in childhood, during puberty, and in adulthood have been
      characterized. Hormonal evaluations of endocrine disorders of reproduction are
      characterized on the basis of their characteristic pathophysiologic alterations.

PMID- 1098154
TI  - Editorial: Prognosis of meningomyelocele.

PMID- 1098155
TI  - A clinical evaluation of the efficacy of mebendazole in the treatment of
      trichuriasis.
AB  - In a single-blind clinical study of mebendazole, a new, broadspectrum
      anthelmintic, 70 patients with light to severe infections of Trichuris trichiura
      were treated. Ten subjects received placebos, and 60 received 100 mg mebendazole
      twice a day for three and four days. The drug was well tolerated by the patients,
      and no toxic side effects were observed. Egg count comparisons using the McMaster
      method on feces collected before and one month after treatment indicated a cure
      rate for trichuriasis of 65.6% and 89.3% and a total egg reduction of 69.5% and
      95.9% for three- and four-day regimens, respectively. Patients not cleared showed
      an  egg reduction rate of 31.6% and 76.8% on the three- and four-day regimens,
      respectively.

PMID- 1098156
TI  - Pain and pentazocine: problems of control.

PMID- 1098157
TI  - Variables in objective audiometry.
AB  - Objective audiometry has a definite application in evaluating problem patients.
      Three basic tests, electrodermal response audiometry (EDR), evoked cortical
      response audiometry (ERA), and impedance audiometry, are used to evaluate
      pediatric and adult patients. Each measurement technic, however, has limitations
      of which the physician should be aware. Impedance audiometry has the greatest
      potential as an objective measurement of auditory function.

PMID- 1098158
TI  - Hereditary nephritis (Alport's syndrome) in a new kindred.
AB  - A new kindred with Alport's syndrome is presented with the clinical and
      historical data permitting diagnosis. History of family members with nephritis
      and oto-ophthalmologic anomalies in the presence of nephritis in a given patient
      continues to be the strongest clue to Alport's syndrome. As the disease is one of
      the few in which life-threatening renal failure can be thus predicted, increased
      emphasis on diagnosis is urged in place of casually categorizing these patients
      together with those who have Bright's disease. Public Law 92-603 is a mandata
      from the public for physicians to exercise every avenue of diagnosis and salvage
      for the nephritic patient. Alport's syndrome with nephritis represents an
      opportunity to plan for eventual dialysis and renal transplantation.

PMID- 1098159
TI  - Indications for fiberoptic colonscopy.
AB  - In certain clinical situations, fiberoptic colonoscopy has proved most useful and
      effective as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Colonscopy is indicated to remove
      polyps when feasible and to rule out the presence of toher polyps or tumors
      undetected by barium enema. Patients with cancer of the colon should have
      preoperative colonoscopy to rule out the presence of undetected polyps or
      metachronous cancer. Follow-up examinations are important to insure against
      residual cancer or recurrence after colonscopic removal of sessile, premalianant,
      or malignant polypoid lesions, and to evaluate certain patients who have
      increased risk of polyp or tumor formation. Colonscopy usually can explain
      persistent, localized abnormalities detected by barium enema (ie, "filling
      defects") and provide a definitive diagnosis in cases of unexplained rectal
      bleeding or diarrhea despite negative sigmoidoscopic and barium studies. In
      experienced hands, this technic is safe, confortable, and effective in avoiding
      laparotomy to remove clinically significant polyps and in providing definitive
      diagnosis in many clinical situations.

PMID- 1098160
TI  - The current status of bypass grafting for coronary artery disease.

PMID- 1098161
TI  - Current status of treatment of lymphomas.

PMID- 1098162
TI  - [Immunoallergic reactivity of patients with psoriasis].

PMID- 1098163
TI  - [History of development of the jet method of injecting substances and of the
      instruments for its accomplishment].

PMID- 1098164
TI  - [Editorial : Current status of chronic-renal-failure therapy using chronic
      intermittent hemodialysis and kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1098165
TI  - [Use of allopurinol in the treatment of urolithiasis].

PMID- 1098166
TI  - [Treatment of cystolithiasis using Joanne Stephens' method].

PMID- 1098167
TI  - [In memory of Chief Physician Frantisek Sramek M.D].

PMID- 1098168
TI  - [In memory of Chief Physician Ladislav Vozenilek].

PMID- 1098169
TI  - Problems related to postmenopausal women.
AB  - The most consistently troublesome symptom of the menopause is the hot flush. It
      can occur without warning or may be triggered off by emotion, exercise or change
      of environment or temperature. It is estimated that about 50% of women suffer
      from hot flushes, but only 5-10% of these seek medical advice. The cause is
      ascribed to excessive production of follicle-stimulating hormone. There is an
      increased sensitivity to the effect of locally released dilator substances in the
      peripheral vasculature.

PMID- 1098170
TI  - Letter: Drugs in obesity.

PMID- 1098171
TI  - [Death and the moment of death: several legal aspects].
AB  - None of the important legal issues concerning the moment of death and re
      animation procedures can be solved by means of simplistic legal formulae. In
      adjudicating on a particular problem, a court of law will have to be guided by
      prevailing religious, societal and medical attitudes. But as jurists we must
      strongly support the individual's "right to die".

PMID- 1098172
TI  - In memoriam: Leon Szur.

PMID- 1098173
TI  - In memoriam: Max Benjamin Schwartz.

PMID- 1098174
TI  - Letter: Preliminary experience with sodium valproate.

PMID- 1098175
TI  - Osteonecrosis following renal transplantation.
AB  - Subarticular osteonecrosis has been described with increasing frequency after
      renal transplantation and the use of immunosuppressive corticosteroids. Six cases
      have been encountered among 170 patients in the Johannesburg renal
      transplantation programme. The commonly affected sites are the femoral head, the
      femoral condyles, the humeral head, the talus and the capitulum. The radiological
      and morbid anatomical features of this complication are described, alternative
      theories of pathogenesis are considered and an approach to treatment is outlined.

PMID- 1098176
TI  - In memoriam: Louis George Walters.

PMID- 1098177
TI  - A bismuth-peptide complex in the treatment of duodenal ulceration. A double-blind
      duodenoscopic study.
AB  - A bismuth-protein complex (Bicitropeptide, BCP-Compound) active at an acid pH was
      studied in a trial of treatment in ambulant patients with duodenal ulcers. BCP is
      said to have an affinity for actively granulating tissue, and to coat the ulcer
      with a protective layer, allowing healing to occur. A double-blind trial of BCP
      and placebo was undertaken in 60 patients with duodenal ulcers. Assessments were
      made by duodenoscopy. Healing of the ulcers occurred in 89% of patients on BCP,
      and the mean time for the disappearance of symptoms on BCP was 4,9 days. Only 16%
      of ulcers healed on placebo, and the mean time for disappearance of symptoms on
      placebo was 6,8 days. This result is highly significant and in favour of BCP (X-2
      equals 30,52 P less than 0,0005). No side-effects were observed.

PMID- 1098178
TI  - [The rebel ambulance of 1914].
AB  - The story of the so-called Rebel Ambulance of 1914 covers a period of about 6
      weeks. During this time a group of people in Bloemfontein endeavoured to provide
      medical cover and comforts for casualties among those who participated in the
      armed protest of 1914 in the Orange Free State. Information about relevant
      historical facts, the collection of funds and equipment, and the work of the
      field ambulance are presented.

PMID- 1098179
TI  - The effect of vehicle composition on the release of chloramphenicol from creams
      and eye ointments.
AB  - The effects that formulation of topical vehicle can have on the bio-availability
      and effectiveness of active ingrediants are discussed with reference to steroids,
      salicylic acid and benzocaine.  Results obtained for chloramphenicol-containing
      preparations are presented, and both dissolution curves and cup-plate assays
      demonstrate that chloramphenicol has far superior release (and hence activity)
      from creams than from ophthalmic ointments.  The latter, however, produce
      adequate zones of inhibition, and are long-acting.

PMID- 1098180
TI  - The first fifty - a review of the South African Medical Congresses.
AB  - This historical resume, a collation of facts from various sources which lie
      scattered among the pages of early medical journals of our land, has been
      composed in an attempt to give some continuity of substance to this particular
      part of South African medical history which will be celebrated by our Jubilee
      Congress in Johannesburg this year.

PMID- 1098181
TI  - A preliminary report on cephradine.
AB  - Plasma cephradine levels were measured after parenteral and oral administration
      to healthy adults. Plasma cephradine contrations of 7 - 15 mug/ml were measured
      after 0.5 g had been administered by mouth, and concentrations of 12 - 57 mug/ml
      were measured after parenteral administration; they fell to 3 mug/ml within 240
      minutes except after intramuscular administration. The results of an open
      clinical trial conducted among 10 patients suffering from urinary tract
      infections were satisfactory.

PMID- 1098182
TI  - Technical principles of operations for complications of myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1098183
TI  - Streptococcal cellulitis of the scrotum and penis with secondary skin gangrene.
AB  - Cellulitis of the scrotum and penis is caused, in the majority of instances, by a
      beta hemolytic streptococci without a discernible portal of entry. Clostridium,
      occasionally, will result in this disease as a manifestation of a perirectal
      abscess. In either instance, fluid accumulates rapidly in the closed space
      between Colles' and Buck's fascia, producing intense swelling of the scrotum. If
      this compartment is not immediately decompressed by linear incisions,
      devascularization of the scrotal and penile skin will often occur, resulting in
      gangrene. Immediate treatment of the bacterial infection with penicillin also is
      essential. If gangrene does develop, radical debridement of the necrotic tissue
      as well as a wide margin of adjacent inflamed skin must be undertaken. Continual
      monitoring of the microflora of the debrided would is essential for the selection
      of the appropriate antibiotic against any secondary intruders. Coverage of the
      granulating would is accomplished when the would bacterial count is below 10-5
      per gram of tissue.

PMID- 1098184
TI  - Doctor George Goodfellow, the first civilian trauma surgeon.

PMID- 1098185
TI  - The bacterial causation of postoperative osteitis pubis.
AB  - Five patients with a bacterial causation of postoperative osteitis pubis were
      treated during a three year period.  In each patient, the bacterial cause was
      suggested by a known infectious process adjacent of the symphysis pubis.  It is
      suggested that a bacterial causation be considered for the clinical and
      roentgenographic syndrome of osteitis pubis if a contigous infectious process is
      present.

PMID- 1098186
TI  - Editorial: On being a good first assistant.

PMID- 1098187
TI  - Fulton and penicillin.
AB  - John Fulton, the late noted neurophysiologist, played a little known role in
      bringing penicillin to the world. He contributed behind-the-scenes support to
      Howard Florey and the penicillin research and production.

PMID- 1098188
TI  - Editorial: The spoken and written word: a vignette of Elliot C. Cutler.

PMID- 1098190
TI  - The use of monofilament suture in vascular surgery.
AB  - The blood lost through the suture line holes of vessels closed with braided
      polyester sutures is compared with that lost when a monofilament polypropylene
      suture is employed. In a retrospective analysis of blood replacement during
      saphenous vein aortorenal bypasses, twice as much blood replacement was required
      when the braided polyester suture was used. Further, ten dogs had one femoral
      artery reanastomosed with braided polyester suture and the other with
      monofilament polypropylene. Bleeding was three times greater and lasted six times
      longer when the braided polyester suture material was utilized.

PMID- 1098189
TI  - Failure of angiotensin II inhibitor to modify hyperacute rejection.
AB  - The effect of angiotensin II inhibitor (sar1,gly8 angiotensin II) upon the pig-to
      dog (10 pigs to 20 dogs) modified renal xenograft model has been studied. The
      angiotensin II inhibitor does not prevent hyperacute rejection (HAR). This
      implies that the vasocaonstriction which occurs during the HAR is not related to
      high levels of angiotensin II.

PMID- 1098191
TI  - Pseudoaneurysm of the brachiocephalic arteries: a complication of percutaneous
      internal jugular vein catheterization.
AB  - Three cases of arterial pseudoaneurysm formation as a complication of
      percutaneous internal jugular vein catheterization are presented. Laceration of
      the posterior common carotid artery or thyrocervical trunk was the source for
      these lesions. The common antecedent event was the attempted cannulation of the
      internal jugular vein with the lateral approach. A transcervical rather than
      transthoracic approach for treatment of these lesions was selected because of its
      low morbidity rate. This report documents another complication of internal
      jugular vein cannulation and recommends methods for prevention and successful
      treatment should it occur.

PMID- 1098192
TI  - In memoriam: Theodore Drapanas, M.D. 1930-1975.

PMID- 1098193
TI  - The value of accurate observations and clear clinical reports: a tribute to
      Harvey W. Cushing.

PMID- 1098194
TI  - George J. Heuer, M.D.--a critical analysis of the role that he played in
      introducing the residency system of training.
AB  - This presentation of the career of George J. Heuer concerns one William S.
      Halsted's most trusted and esteemed trainees. Many of the facts concerning Dr.
      Heuer are known but there also are many that are not known and the purpose of
      this discourse is to record his important contributions involving the training of
      surgeons as we know it today. Dr. Heuer had many obstacles to overcome in
      establishing residency training programs in Cincinnati and New York City, but he
      was able to overcome most of them with the able assistance of his dedicated
      lieutenants.

PMID- 1098195
TI  - Immunodepression after major surgery in normal patients.
AB  - Multiple parameters of in vivo and in vitro immune function were measured
      serially before, during, and following nephrectomy in 12 normal renal transplant
      donors. All in vitro functions studied (total blood lymphocyte count, B-cell
      count, T-cell count, mitogen blastogenic response, and mixed leukocyte reactivity
      as both responder and stimulator) decreased on induction of anethesia and
      continued to fall during and after operation to reach a low point on the evening
      after nephrectomy. Depth of depression and rate of recovery varied with the
      individual function, but all were near normal by the fifth postoperative day. The
      in vivo delayed hypersensitivity response to cutaneously administered recall
      antigens declined more gradually and was still falling at the fifth postoperative
      day. Return of preoperative skin response was delayed, being complete for
      streptokinase/streptodornase (SK/SD) by 10 to 14 days but incomplete as long as 2
      to 3 weeks for mumps and Candida antigens. Serum immunoglobulins did not change.
      These findings suggest incomplete correlation among the responses to the commonly
      used in vitro assays of cellular immunity and poor correlation with the in vivo
      tests. Although surgery and anesthesia results in measurable depression of immune
      response, clinically significant problems did not arise in these patients.

PMID- 1098196
TI  - [Bridgecase showing the use of pontostructure type B for parallellizing of
      rootcanals used as bridgesupport].

PMID- 1098197
TI  - Induced parthenogenesis in the mouse.

PMID- 1098198
TI  - Genetic and biochemical activities in preimplantation embryos.

PMID- 1098199
TI  - The regulation of enzyme synthesis in the embryogenesis and germination of
      cotton.

PMID- 1098200
TI  - Chromonsomal basis for hermaphrodism in mice.

PMID- 1098201
TI  - Analysis of determination and differentiation in the early mammalian embryo using
      intra- and interspecific chimeras.

PMID- 1098202
TI  - Estrogen feed-back and gonadotrophin secretion.

PMID- 1098203
TI  - Ontogeny of development of the hypothalamic regualtion of gonadotropin secretion:
      effects of perinatal sex steroid exposure.

PMID- 1098204
TI  - Teratocarcinogenesis and spontaneous parthenogenesis in mice.

PMID- 1098205
TI  - [Sugar studies in Abo. Report of clinical long-range studies].

PMID- 1098206
TI  - [ISO, SPRI and dental burs].

PMID- 1098207
TI  - [Elementary automatic data processing].

PMID- 1098208
TI  - Interview: Influencing the men that I did.

PMID- 1098209
TI  - "Doctor Mac, a diamond in the rough.".

PMID- 1098210
TI  - The day D.C. McRimmon raised an eyebrow.

PMID- 1098211
TI  - Renal transplantation.

PMID- 1098212
TI  - They made us respectable.

PMID- 1098213
TI  - The current status of platelet suppressive drugs in the treatment of thrombosis.

PMID- 1098214
TI  - National Conference on Thrombosis and Hemostosis, Dallas, Tesas 20.-22. November
      1974. Clinical Correlations.
AB  - There are two aspects which are clinically relevant in the relationships among
      thrombosis and arteriosclerosis. First, the relationship of thrombosis to
      atherogenesis. Thrombosis is closely related to endothelial injury and there is
      recent evidence that repeated or continuous endothelial damage leads to the
      development of all the lesions seen in human atherosclerosis. This occurs in the
      absence of dietary lipid supplement. The relative importance of the parts played
      by injury and thrombosis in this process need further delineation. Secondly,
      established arteriosclerotic disease is associated with thrombosis. This
      thrombosis is us  ually mural, seldom occlusive. Embolism by platelet aggregates
      which has been well described in the retinal and cerebral circulations may affect
      other vascular territories such as the heart and the kidney. Such a mechanism may
      explain some cases of otherwise unexplained sudden cardiac death and some cases
      of hypertension. We need better clinical tool to detect the occurrence of thrombo
      embolism and to monitor it's progress. Measures to modify thrombosis and embolism
      may be as useful or more useful than those wer currently employ in the clinical
      management of atherosclerotic disease.

PMID- 1098215
TI  - Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.

PMID- 1098216
TI  - The phase II urokinase-streptokinase pulmonary embolism trial: a national
      cooperative study.
AB  - The controlled clinical trials of thrombolytic agents in the United States have
      been carried out in two phases, under the auspices of the National Heart and Lung
      Institute. Phase I was devoted to the comparison of 12-hour Urokinase (12h-UK)
      followed by heparin (H) with heparin alone in patients with acute pulmonary
      embolism (Walsh et al. 1969). The results showed that pateints treated with UK
      had more rapid and gretaer resolution of pulmonary thromboemboli in the first
      twenty-four hours of therapy than patients treated with H alone, as assessed by
      serial pulmonary angiography, hemodynamics and lung scanning (The Urokinase
      Pulmonary Embolism Trial, 1970, 1973; Hyers et al. 1970). Because of the
      ralatively small size of the Trial and the low mor tality of treated pulmonary
      embolism, mortality differences were not sought-nor was one found. Although there
      was early difference in amount of clot resolution, patients treated with H alone
      showed similar improvement by two weeks. The phase II Urokinase-Streptokinase
      Pulmonary Embolism Trial (USPET) was begun to assess the comparative results of
      UK and Streptokinase (SK) therapy. Because of favorable results obtained with SK
      in other countries, it was deemed necessary to make this comparison (Browse and
      James, 1964; Hirsh et al. 1968; Miller et al. 1969, 1971; Chesterman et al.
      1969). A third group, 12-hour UK, was added to relate this study (24-hour UK and
      SK) with the Phase I results which employed only a 12-hour infusion of UK. This
      Phase II Trial represents the first controlled, randomized study of UK and SK in
      thromboembolic disorders.

PMID- 1098217
TI  - Studies on the Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor antigen on human platelets.

PMID- 1098218
TI  - Erik Jorpes (1894-1973). A tribute.

PMID- 1098219
TI  - Induction of disseminated intravascular coagulation by endotoxin and saline
      loading in rats. I. The influence on fibrinogen turnover and plasma parameters.

PMID- 1098220
TI  - Induction of disseminated intravascular coagulation by endotoxin and saline
      loading in rats II. Fibrin deposition and removal.

PMID- 1098221
TI  - The search for a human equivalent of the mouse T-locus - negative results from a
      study of HL-A types in spina bifida.
AB  - The spina bifida/anencephaly complex in man in some ways resembles the effects of
      T-locus mutants in the mouse. To test the hypothesis that these entities are
      genetically related, HL-A typing was performed in families with multiple cases of
      central nervous system abnormality. No evidence of linkage was found between HL-A
      type and the congenital malformation.

PMID- 1098222
TI  - Renal transplantation and cancer. The Scandia transplant material.
AB  - Between 1965 and 1973, 30 malignant tumours were found in patients transplanted
      in Scandinavia. Of these tumours, 24 were found in the 1,254 patients
      transplanted in Scandinavia as part of the Scandia Tranplant Programme between
      1969 and 1972. Using the information recorded in the programme, 418 Danish
      patients who received their first and only transplant between 1969 and 1972 were
      selected and followed until 31/12 1973. Twelve tumours occurred in these
      patients. A comparison with the expected age, sex and time-specific incidence
      rates from the Danish Cancer Register was made and the observed tumour incidence
      was found to be significantly (P less than 0.001) greater than expected. Tumour
      incidence was found to be associated with incompatibility in the FOUR series, but
      was unrelated to number of rejections, the presence of HL-A antibodies and sex
      difference between donor and recipient. Apart from certain special forms of
      immunosuppression which could be oncogenic, the cause of tumour development
      appears to be multifactorial, both the allograft itself and immunosuppressive
      treatment playing a role.

PMID- 1098223
TI  - A new method for the screening of unidentified complaints syndrome in pre-, mid-
      and post-menopausal women.
AB  - A new simple test for the screening of pre-, mid- and post-menopausal women with
      unidentified complaints overlaid by psychiatric disorders has been devised. This
      test is performed by intravenous injection of conjugated estrogen and by
      comparing Kupperman's menopausal indices before and after the injection. That is,
      the discriminant function between groups with and without psychiatric
      abnormalities was obtained from Kupperman's menopausal indices before and after
      intravenous injection of conjugated estrogen, and from this function was made a
      calculative differential diagnosis between the two groups. The calculative
      diagnosis agreed fairly well with the clinical diagnosis by the psychiatrist.

PMID- 1098224
TI  - Interaction of endrin and dieldrin with hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 from
      the rat, mouse, and endrin-susceptible and resistant pine voles.

PMID- 1098225
TI  - [Boris Rajewsky 1893-1974].

PMID- 1098226
TI  - [70th anniversary of Professor P. Mauritis Van Vaerenberg, M.D].

PMID- 1098227
TI  - [Professor Dr. Gerhard Henkel on his 60th birthday].

PMID- 1098228
TI  - [Studies of the method and distribution of prosthetic care].
AB  - Studies on the kind and the distribution of prothetic care. The present paper
      gives a survey of the achievements of the Prosthetic Service of the
      Stomatological Clinic at Jena during the years 1961-1970. The studies involved
      the number of patients who had presented for prosthetic treatment, the most
      frequent age groups and the kind and extent of prosthetic work.

PMID- 1098229
TI  - [Clinical aspects and etiology of prosthesis-induced changes in the oral mucosa].
AB  - The clinical picture and the aetiology of prosthesis-induced alterations of the
      oral mucosa are presented. In the light of personal gerontological observations,
      the authors deal with the mechanical irritation produced by the prosthesis as the
      main aetiological factor and discuss its effects on prophylaxis, diagnosis and
      therapy.

PMID- 1098230
TI  - [The scientifically and technically founded use of precious metal alloys in
      prosthodontics].

PMID- 1098231
TI  - [ Problems of wound dressing after gingivectomy in the periodontally diseased
      incomplete dentition (report of treatment) ].
AB  - After some remarks upon the value and the importance of periodontal surgical
      dressing in general and in case of incomplete dentition in particular, the author
      reports of a case in which a temporary plastic bridge had been combined with a
      dressing plate. This combination may also be recommended as a model to busy
      stomatological practices.

PMID- 1098232
TI  - Therapy against brain swelling in stroke patients. A retrospective clinical study
      on 227 patients.
AB  - The effectiveness of cerebral antiedema agents in stroke has been questioned.
      Animal and clinical work is inconclusive about steroids and osmotic drugs. A
      retrospective study of a continuous series of 227 stroke patients treated in the
      acute stage (some with dexamethasone alone, some with dexamethasone plus
      hyperosmotic mannitol infusions, and some without antiedema therapy) showed no
      significant difference in the ten-day survival rate. On this criterion, there is
      no ground for the systematic use of such agents against this type of brain
      swelling.

PMID- 1098233
TI  - Comparison of blood flow and patency in arterial and vein grafts to basilar
      artery.
AB  - Blood flow and patency rates obtained by lingual to basilar artery anastomosis
      were compared with those obtained by saphenous vein bypass graft from the carotid
      to the basilar artey in two groups of ten dogs. Flow was measured by an
      electromagnetic technique while blood pressure and blood gases were monitored.
      Graft patency also was determined by angiography and histological examination.
      The arterial and venous grafts carried more than enough blood to maintain a
      normal flow (9.5 ml per minute) through the basilar system of dogs. Immediately
      after anastomosis, average flow through the vein grafts was 15.5 ml per minute
      (range 10 to 24 ml per minute). Six weeks later, average flow through the vein
      graft was 11.5 ml per minute and through the arterial graft 13 ml per minute.
      With induced hypertension, flow increased in the arterial grafts to an average of
      26.2 ml per minute and in the vein grafts 24 ml per minute. Hypercarbia increased
      arterial graft flow to an average of 27.8 ml per minute and vein graft flow to
      23.5 ml per minute. By angiography, graft patency was shown in only 80% of the
      grafts at one week and in 60% at six weeks postoperatively, even though all
      grafts were patent by flow and histological determinations. This failure of
      angiography represents a limitation of the radiographical resolution in
      millimeter-sized vessels.

PMID- 1098234
TI  - A reconsideration of immunological privilege within the anterior chamber of the
      eye.
AB  - The immunologically privileged status of the anterior chamber of the eye has been
      confirmed on the basis of skin and thyroid allografts with use of inbred strains
      of rats. Skin grafts, transplanted across both major and minor histocompatibility
      barriers, enjoy prolonged survival within the anterior chamber. However, several
      factors have been found to restrict the privilege exhibited by this site: the
      magnitude of the immunogenetic disparity between donor and recipient, graft size,
      type of tissue grafted, and, at least in the case of thyroid grafts, the
      endocrine status of the host. Although a defect in the afferent limb of the
      immune response has been the popular explanation offered for immunological
      privilege in an alymphatic site, this was not the basis of the privilege
      encountered in the anterior chamber. Furthermore, because the efferent limb of
      the immunological reflex are within the anterior chamber has been demonstrated to
      be intact, it was suggested that the unique properties of the anterior chamber
      may depend upon the forced intravascular presentation of antigen and consequent
      aberrant central processing.

PMID- 1098235
TI  - The effect of cyproheptadine (periactin) on rejection of rat kidney allografts.
AB  - The effect of cyproheptadine, a potent platelet deaggregator, was investigated in
      rats bearing renal allografts. Thirty-three bilaterally nephrectomized LEW rats
      received orthotopic transplants of a (LEW X BN)F-1 kidney. Fourteen rats were
      treated with cyproheptadine, 1.5 mg/kg i.m. daily, for 60 days after
      transplantation; the remaining animals served as controls. The median allograft
      survival time in the cyproheptadine group was prolonged to 64 days compared to 12
      days in the untreated group (P less than 0.005). In the cyproheptadine group the
      blood urea nitrogen rose to over 150 mg/100 ml 1 week after transplantation, fell
      to 80-120 mg/100 ml, and then rose steadily from the day after transplantation
      until the death of the animals. Despite prolonged survival, cyproheptadine
      treated animals usually showed the histological findings of acute and chronic
      renal rejection. Cyproheptadine may be a useful adjunct to immunosuppression in
      the management of human renal allotransplantation.

PMID- 1098236
TI  - Shifts from IgG-2 class to IgG-1 class in CBA and C3H anti-BALB/c antibody.
AB  - With use of a recently developed method for determining relative levels of IgG-1
      and IgG-2 class antibodies of a given specificity within an unfractionated serum,
      it has been possible to examine anti-BALB/c antibodies in the early and late part
      of an immunization with allogeneic spleen cells. At about 6 days after primary
      immunization of CBA or C3H mice with BALB/c spleen cells, suppressive antibodies
      can be measured in the sera of the animals. About half of these are attributable
      to IgM class, and this contribution decreases to zero by the 12th day. The
      remaining suppressive antibodies are of IgG-2 class and these increase in
      concentration until day 8 or 12, or begin to decline between day 8 and day 12.
      Anti-BALB/c antibodies of IgG-1 class have not yet appeared on day 6, but
      thereafter appear and increase in concentration. Thus, antibodies of IgG-1 class
      begin to appear after those of the IgG-2 class and may still be increasing after
      the IgG-2 class has stopped to increase in concentration, antibody of IgG-1 class
      is continuing to increase and may even continue to increase after IgF-2 class
      antibody has begun to decrease in concentration. Thus, the synthesis of IgG-1
      class antibody begins later and continues later than that of IgG-2 class. The
      implications of this sequence for our data on various effects of anti-H-2
      antibodies on retention of skin allografts are discussed.

PMID- 1098237
TI  - A mixed antiglobulin test with kidney cells in suspension for IgG antibody in
      human allograft recipients.
AB  - A modification of the mixed antiglobulin test for the detection of IgG antibodies
      directed against human kidney cells has been devised which uses a suspension of
      individual kidney cells rather than a monolayer culture as antigen so that it may
      be enployed clinically as a prospective crossmatch for organ transplantation. The
      antiglobulin reagent is added to the sensitized kidney cells rather than to the
      indicator erythrocytes, which reduces the background of nonspecific reations
      almost to zero. It is reproducible. The mixed antiglobulin test detected antibody
      in the sera of patients on chronic dialysis two to four times more frequently
      than did either the immune adherence test or the most sensitive modification of
      the microlymphocytotoxicity test which was utilized. It detected the development
      of antibody specific for donor kidney cells in the sera of 5 of 10 allograft
      receipients during periods of good to moderate renal transplant function several
      months before rejection.

PMID- 1098238
TI  - The lack of beneficial effect of allopurinol on renal preservation.

PMID- 1098239
TI  - Lack of macrophage migration inhibition factor in urine during canine renal
      allograft rejection.

PMID- 1098240
TI  - Passenger cells in rat heart allografts. No effect of removal.

PMID- 1098241
TI  - Thymectomy as immunosuppression in uremic patients.
AB  - Five uremic patients awaiting renal transplantation underwent transcervical
      thymectomy in an evaluation of the immunosuppressive effect of removal of the
      thymus in such transplantations. A number of immunological parameters, including
      lymphocyte transformation tests, were followed in these patients for up to 30
      weeks after thymectomy. The number of B lymphocytes in the blood, stem cells in
      bone marrow, and T lymphocytes in lymph nodes decreased, whereas IgG, IgA, and
      IgM in four cases and C3 complement in all five cases increased. Blood leucocyte
      and lymphocyte counts did not show any characteristic changes. The T cell
      response of circulating lymphocytes was determined after stimulation with
      mitogens, specific antigens, and allogeneic cells in mixed lymphocyte culture,
      and showed a large increase. Thymectomy of uremic patients results in a
      considerable increase in immunocompetence in the first 30 weeks, indicating that
      it is not suitable as an immunosuppressive treatment.

PMID- 1098242
TI  - Studies on the stability of antilymphocyte globulins.
AB  - An account is given of the effect of storage under various conditions on the
      physical and immunosuppressive properties of antilymphocyte globulins. No loss of
      in vivo immunosuppressive potency was shown by horse antimouse lymphocyte
      globulin when stored for up to 2 years in a liquid, frozen, or lyophilised state.
      Similar studies on horse antihuman lymphocyte globulin showed no loss of in vitro
      activity, as measured by an immunofluorescence test. Ultracentrifugal analyses
      showed no increase in aggregate when antilymphocyte globulin was stored liquid or
      freeze-dried at 4 degrees C. Storage experiments at abnormally high temperatures
      demonstrated that under these conditions freeze-dried horse antihuman lymphocyte
      globulin was stabilised by the presence of glucose (4.6%w/v). Antilymphocyte
      globulin lyophilised in the presence of glucose showed improved solubility
      properties as compared with material dried from saline.

PMID- 1098243
TI  - The response of the lymphoid system to renal allografts in sheep.
AB  - The immunological events which occur in lymph nodes situation regional to renal
      allografts have been studied by collecting lymph from these nodes and monitoring
      the changes in its cellular and humoral antibody content. Simultaneously,
      reactions occurring in the renal allograft and in lymph nodes distant to the
      graft were also monitored in the lymph from these organs throughout thelife of
      the graft. Large basophilic lymphoid cells appeared first in lymph from the renal
      allograft at around 48 hr postgrafting, whereas these cells did not appear in the
      lymph from the regional node until 80-100 hr after the graft was installed.
      Lymphoid blast cells were not seen inany significant numbers in lumph from nodes
      situated at a distance from the graft. The first detectable antibody was produced
      by the regional lymph node between 110 and 175 hr postgrafting, andin other
      undetermined sites within the next 80 hr. Antibody was not synthesized in any
      detectable amounts by the graft or by lymph nodes situated at a distance from the
      graft. The antibody which was present in the lymph from the regional node was
      produced primarily by fixed cells which remained in the node, and very little
      antibody was produced by the lymphoid cells which migrated from the node in
      efferent lymph. The cells in the lymph from the renal allograft produced only
      small amounts of immunoglobulin. Cells present in lymph from the renal allograft
      and in lymph from the regional lymph node actively synthesized and secreted
      significant amounts of nonimmunoglobulin proteins which were separated on
      Sephadex G-200 columns into peaks which coincided with 19S, 7S, and 4S proteins.
      The identities and biological activities of these proteins have not yet been
      determined.

PMID- 1098244
TI  - Studies of the behaviour of allogeneic cancellous bone grafts in inbred rats.
AB  - The degree of new bone formation in isografts and allografts has been assessed by
      a radiotracer technique. Allografts used have been either H-1-identical or H-1
      disparate with the recipient. It was found that new bone formation is curtailed
      within the first 3 weeks after grafting. This curtailment was significantly
      greater in those donor-recipient combinations which were H-1-identical but
      disparate for many weak locus antigens than those in which H-1 disparity existed
      with only a few minor locus differences. There was no late phase (i.e., host
      derived) osteogenesis in the combination with H-1 identity, but multiple minor
      antigen disparities. In isografts and H-1-disparate grafts significant late phase
      osteogenesis was found in about 30% of recipients. Resorption of the graft was
      found to be significantly impaired in both H-1-identical and disparate grafts in
      comparison with isografts. There was a significant negative correlation between
      weight of the graft and degree of osteogenesis in isografts during the first 2
      weeks after grafting, and also during the later phase (6-8 weeks). A similar
      negative correlation was found during the late phase in H-1-disparate grafts with
      few minor antigen disparities, but no correlation was found at any time in H-1
      identical grafts with multiple minor antigen disparities.

PMID- 1098245
TI  - Failure of 48 hours of cold storage of canine kidneys using Sacks; solution.

PMID- 1098246
TI  - [Study of invertebrate soft tissues by the smear technic in light and electron
      microscopy].
AB  - A soft tissue is smeared on the surface of an araldite plate, and after fixation
      is coated by an araldite film. After examination with the light microscope, the
      araldite slide may be distributed for histological or ultrathin serial
      processing. The method provides an adequate conservation of cellular structures.

PMID- 1098247
TI  - [Medical treatment of gallstones].

PMID- 1098248
TI  - [Micturition syncope].

PMID- 1098249
TI  - Review: absorption and dispersion of ultrasound in biological tissue.

PMID- 1098250
TI  - Symposium on the management of renovascular hypertension. Reflections.

PMID- 1098251
TI  - Experimental hypertension: some historical aspects.

PMID- 1098252
TI  - The pathophysiology of renovascular hypertension.
AB  - Renovascular hypertension, comprising a small percentage of the total
      hypertensive population, stands out as remarkably important, being the most
      common cause of surgically correctable hypertension. Its precise diagnosis can be
      accomplished by judicious application of recently available sophisticated
      laboratory methods and correct prediction of curability is now possible. Careful
      selection of cases among the vast numbers of hypertensives by routine screening
      procedures is essential. The selected few deserve more complete studies including
      bilateral renal vein renin measurements. Rapid sequence pyelography, split
      function studies, radioisotope renorgram, and renal arteriography accurately
      define the presence of a significant structural abnormality involving the renal
      circulation on either side. Significant bilateral renal vein plasma renin
      differential, done under appropriate conditions of volume depletion and upright
      posture, in the absence of interference by concurrent antihypertensive drug
      therapy, establishes a causal relationship between the structural abnormality and
      the high blood pressure. A thorough knowledge of the normal physiology of the
      renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and its inappropriate response in
      renovascular hypertension and other related clinical conditions is clearly
      necessary if one is to plan diagnostic studies intelligently and interpret the
      results correctly.

PMID- 1098253
TI  - New concepts of the renin system and of vasoconstriction-volume mechanisms.
      Diagnosis and treatment of renovascular and renal hypertensions.
AB  - Information defining the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis as a control system
      concurrently regulating salt balance and blood pressure has been applied to
      examine the role of renin in the causation of experimental and clinical forms of
      renovascular and renal hypertension and thence to develop criteria for
      differentiating these entities. Experimantally there are two models of
      renovascular hypertension, one characterized by excess renin with reduced sodium
      (vasoconstrictor form) and the other by excess sodium with reduced renin (volume
      form). But with sodium depletion, the volume form switches to a vasoconstrictor
      form, illustrating how the two factors coordinate to maintain blood pressure.
      Human renovascular and renal hypertensions appear to be sustained by the same two
      mechanisms. Experimental and clinical studies both indicate that curable renal
      hypertension is in fact a renin-dependent vasoconstrictor hypertension. Three
      criteria, derived from four renin measurements, identify this situation: (1)
      Hypersecretion of renin is reflected by a high peripheral level when referenced
      against sodium excretion. (2) Lacteralization of renin secretion with
      contralateral suppression rules out occult bilateral disease. It is indicated by
      V-A = 0 from the uninvolved kidney. (3) A third criterion, (V-A)/A greater than
      48 per cent from the ipsilat-eral kidney, identifies renal ischemia. These three
      criteria, when taken together in a combined scoring analysis, provide high
      precision in identifying the patient with the vasoconstrictor form of renal
      hypertension that is potentially reversible by appropriate surgery. Absence of
      these criteria identifies hypertension associated with either occult or overt
      bilateral renal disease. In these patients, the volume factor often predominates
      and is expressed by some suppression of plasma renin levels. Here, removal of
      renal tissue is contraindicated. Corroborative evidence to support these three
      criteria can be developed from the blood pressure response to angiotensin
      blocking drugs or to anti-renin therapy with propranolol. Thus in all of these
      renal hypertensions, the vasoconstrictor and volume factors can be identified
      using renin measurements and pharmacologic interventions.

PMID- 1098254
TI  - Lesions of the extrarenal segment of the renal artery and hypertension.

PMID- 1098255
TI  - Clinical work-up for renovascular hypertension.

PMID- 1098256
TI  - Renal autotransplantation and ex vivo renal surgery: surgical treatment of
      renovascular hypertension.
AB  - Autotransplantation of the kidney has proved to be an extremely valuable surgical
      alternative for the treatment of renovascular hypertension. The modern operation
      is founded in landmark surgical experiments performed during the early years of
      this century. Despite the relative technical simplicity and considerable
      potential application of renal autotransplantation, the operation was not
      employed for at least a decade following the more uncertain initial clinical
      adventures in renal allotransplantation. Since its inception, however, the
      successful use of renal autotransplantation for renovascular hypertension has
      been well documented in a relatively small but impressive series of clinical
      situations. Renal autotransplantation in the surgical management of renovascular
      hypertension appears to afford many technical advantages vis-a-vis in situ renal
      revascularization including the option to perform meticulous ex vivo
      reconstructive surgery. The need to interrupt the renal circulation during renal
      autotransplantation and the possibility that the ischemic operative interval
      might result in renal cellular damage, has been a deterrent to greater
      consideration of this surgical alternative. Cold perfusion of the ischemic kidney
      has been regarded as "inherently" necessary in order to prevent intravascular
      coagulation and to protect the kidney through the use of hypothermia until the
      circulation is re-established. A wide variety of perfusates and methods of
      perfusion have been successfully employed for these purposes. A new perfusate has
      been formulated which is intended to help prevent the rapid and profound changes
      in the amounts of distribution of intracellular electrolytes and water which are
      known to occur when the kidney is deprived of its circulation. This solution
      appears to be effective in preventing significant damage in ischemic canine
      kidneys during at least three hours of normothermic exposure, and at least five
      hours of ambiothermic exposure following a single initial cold perfusion. The
      various perfusates and methods of renal perfusion for clinical and experimental
      renal autotransplantation and ex vivo renal surgery are herein compared and
      contrasted with regard to their proposed mechanisms of action, apparent
      effectiveness, and simplicity of application.

PMID- 1098257
TI  - [Indication, techniques and results of the operative correction of hypospadias
      using modification of the original Denis Browne technique (author's transl)].
AB  - The experiences with operative correction of hypospadias 416 patients are
      reported. In 264 of these patients the correction of the hypospadic deformity was
      completed, using the original Denis Browne technique or a modification described
      by Marberger. The results and the complications are demonstrated.

PMID- 1098258
TI  - [First experiences with the incontinence operation Kaufman III (implantation of a
      silicongel prothesis covered with polyurethanfoam) (author's transl)].
AB  - For operative treatment of urinary incontinence after TUR of the prostate,
      radical prostatectomy and meningocele operation the silicongel prothesis
      described by Kaufman was implanted. By compression of the bulbus urethrae a
      sealing effect was achieved. The pressure of the detrusor opens the urethra
      enough to enable urination. Seven patients were operated. The results directly
      after the operations were: three very good, two good and two bad. We achieved
      very good results by implantation of the prothesis "large" -in the case of the
      two bad operative results we used the "medium" size prothesis. By filling these
      protheses with 5 ml liquid they proved to be leaky. One of these was operatively
      removed and replaced by the size "large". This patient later developed a urethra
      stricture in the implantation region with overflow bladder after having been
      continent. By internal urethrotomy this condition was restored; except for minor
      dripping after miction the patient was continent. The prothesis of a direct
      postoperative continent patient had to be filled. This led to and infection with
      the development of fistula. The prothesis had to be removed. A further patient
      who sat on a hard object developed a lesion of the prothesis with resulting
      incontinence. At least six months after the operations four patients remained
      continent and three incontinent.

PMID- 1098259
TI  - [Operative theatment of male pseudohermaphroditism (author's transl)].
AB  - The operative treatment of two patients with male pseudohermaphroditism is
      reported. The patients reported were girls whose psychosexual attitude indicated
      a male sexual change. During several procedures the vagina was removed, the
      urethra was extended according to the method of Denis-Browne and a functioning
      penis was formed using a skin flap plasty supported by rib cartilage or an
      artificial prosthesis.

PMID- 1098261
TI  - Necrology.

PMID- 1098260
TI  - Other approaches to automated refraction.

PMID- 1098262
TI  - Necrology.

PMID- 1098263
TI  - [Ophthalmological aid to the wounded during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 (on
      the 30th anniversary of Victory day)].

PMID- 1098264
TI  - [Automated diagnostic system for early detection of glaucoma].

PMID- 1098265
TI  - [In memory of Boris Leonidovich Radzikhovskii].

PMID- 1098266
TI  - [In memory of Mikhail Zakharovich Popov].

PMID- 1098267
TI  - [Autovenous aorto-coronary shunting].
AB  - It is emphasized that the results of aorto-coronary shunting depend on the shunt
      patency. It is the author's opinion that the shunt patency is influenced by many
      factors, among which morphological changes in the wall of the venous graft are of
      great importance. The technic of taking the large saphenous vein in patients, its
      preparation for transplantation and a selection of the venous segment for
      grafting are described.

PMID- 1098268
TI  - [Disorders in the surface-active characteristics of the lungs under conditions of
      artificial circulation and shock (review of the national and foreign literature
      and fundamental data)].

PMID- 1098269
TI  - [Izrail' Isaevich Neimark (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 1098270
TI  - [Conservation of the lung in the course of 2 to 24 hours with delayed
      autotransplantation in the experiment].
AB  - Opportunities of preservation of the lung at +4 degrees C and in association of
      this temperature with hyperbaric oxygenation during 2 and 24 hours with postponed
      autotransplantation have been studied. In 74 experiments on dogs postponed
      autotransplantation of the lung was performed, including 46--with preservation
      during 2 hours, and 28--with preservation during 24 hours. Based on the studies
      carried out, it was found that in preservation of the lung during 2 hours at +4
      degrees C or in association of +4 degrees C and hyperbaric oxygenation the lung
      could be successfully employed for postponed autotransplantation. It is felt that
      there is no considerable difference between the results of experiments with
      postponed autotransplatation of the lung in preservation during 2 and 24 hours,
      depending on different conditions of preservation.

PMID- 1098271
TI  - Isolation of a leptospira of the Pomona serogroup from a field vole.

PMID- 1098272
TI  - Observations on the stability of the oedema disease principle.

PMID- 1098273
TI  - Bone disease in a dog similar to infantile cortical hyperostosis (Caffey's
      disease).

PMID- 1098274
TI  - Strand breakage of coliphage lambda DNA supercoils in infected lysogens. I.
      Genetic and biochemical evidence for two types of nicking processes.

PMID- 1098275
TI  - In vivo repair of bacteriophage t5 DNA: an assay for viral growth control.

PMID- 1098276
TI  - EcoRI endonuclease cleavage map of bacteriophage P4-DNA.

PMID- 1098277
TI  - Membrane-associated proteins of T4-infected Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1098278
TI  - The kil gene of bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 1098279
TI  - Host mutants resistant to phage lambda killing.

PMID- 1098280
TI  - Regulation of early protein synthesis in bacteriophage lambda.

PMID- 1098281
TI  - [Volume of circulating blood and its components in healthy children over 1 year
      of age].

PMID- 1098282
TI  - [Organization of food supply for sick and wounded partisans].

PMID- 1098283
TI  - [Current concept of the absorption of alimentary iron (review of the
      literature)].

PMID- 1098284
TI  - [Medical control of the food supply for troops in the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1098285
TI  - What is happening to West Virginia's Medicare dollars?

PMID- 1098286
TI  - Computed cerebral tomography.

PMID- 1098287
TI  - Psychiatry today.

PMID- 1098288
TI  - Pediatric renal transplantation.
AB  - Thirty-one children received 38 kidney transplants from 22 live and 16 cadaver
      donors. Among the 31 patients, 25 received one transplant each, 5 received two
      transplants each and 1 received three transplants. Peritoneal or hemodialysis (or
      both) was carried out in 22 patients, with an average dialytic maintenance of 12
      weeks before transplantation. Posttransplant immunosuppressive therapy included
      prednisone and azathioprine. Antilymphocyte globulin was administered to 33
      recipients as adjunctive immunosuppressive therapy. At present, 23 patients have
      functioning allografts, 3 are on hemodialysis and 5 are dead. Of 22 live kidney
      transplants, 18 are presently functioning two months to 14 years after
      transplantation with an average of 36 months. Of 16 cadaver kidney transplants, 5
      are presently functioning 9 to 57 months after transplantation with an average of
      32 months. Actuarial live donor allograft survival for one year was 76 percent,
      for two years was 66 percent and for three years was 64 percent. Cadaver
      allograft survival was 50 percent, 40 percent and 40 percent, respectively.
      Complications were urologic and infection related. Of nine recipients with
      sustained hypertension, in six the condition was due to chronic rejection, while
      in one it was due to recurrence of the original disease in the allograft. Linear
      growth was measured in 15 children who were less than 14 years of age at the time
      of transplantation and in whom allografts survived more than one year. Maximum
      average linear growth velocity occurred during the first year after
      transplantation. Our experience indicates pediatric renal transplantation can be
      successfully used in the treatment of terminal renal failure.

PMID- 1098289
TI  - A splash in the joint.

PMID- 1098290
TI  - An incubation flask to study metabolism of foreign compounds by intestinal
      microflora.
AB  - 1. The design and procedure for use of an all-glass incubation flask which
      facilitates the production and maintenance of an anaerobic environment suitable
      for the study of drug metabolism by intestinal microflora is described. 2.
      Evaluation was based on monitoring available oxygen with an oxygen electrode. 3.
      Removal of air by the combination of replacement with hydrogen, a room
      temperature catalyst and a fluching technique, produced low oxygen levels
      comparable to vacuum systems without the need for adverse pressure changes.

PMID- 1098292
TI  - Significance of amniotic fluid phospholipid determination for the prediction of
      neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - 198 amniotic fluid samples, obtained from 14-42 weeks of 158 patients were
      assessed for amniotic fluid phospholipids (total phospholipids, lecithin,
      sphingomyelin, lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio). The TPLP and Lec-concentrations
      show significant rises in concentration after 34th week whereas the sphingomyelin
      concentration remains virtually constant during pregnancy. L/S ratio remains
      relatively constant smaller than or equal to 2 prior to 32 weeks and smaller than
      or equal to 3 between 32 and 34 weeks but shows then a steep rise. The amount of
      Lec (expressed as percentage of total phospholipid concentration) rises from 30
      40% at 30 weeks to 70-80% at term whereas the amount of Sph declines from 30-40%
      to less than 10%. In 12 cases neonatal RDS occurred. With L/S ratio treshold
      values of 3 correct prediction of RDS was made in 83% of cases, whereas
      probability of RDS occurrence was 63%. With L/S ratio values greater 3 RDS can be
      excluded in 95% of cases. The corresponding figures for Lec and TPLP
      concentration are described too. The range of different results in the literature
      is discussed.

PMID- 1098291
TI  - Cell mediated immunity in healthy women taking oral contraceptives.

PMID- 1098293
TI  - [The amniotic infection syndrome and premature rupture of the amnion. Manifest
      and threatening unspecific intra-uterine infections of the last third of
      pregnancy (author's transl)].
AB  - In the last third of pregnancy the unspecific bacterial diseases of placenta,
      umbilical cord and membranes differ from those in earlier months [154; 155; 85].
      There is a parallel change in the localization of fetal organs affected.
      Pathologic anatomical clarification of this led to the conceptual definition of
      the rare extra-amnial placental-fetal path of infection on the one hand and of
      primary intra-amnial infection with secondary chorion-amnionitis on the other
      hand and to identification of the amniotic infection syndrome as a typical entity
      at the end of pregnancy [19]. While the amnionic sac is closed, unspecific fetal
      inflammation is rare. Generally this happens only after rupture of the membranes.
      Since the amniotic infection syndrome often produces only minor clinical symptoms
      and since fetal infection probably starts early, one searched for means of
      assessing the risk of infection independently from symptoms. In comparative
      series of investigations of pregnancies with and without premature rupture of the
      membranes, cases of neonatal death from infection were preceded by signs of
      inflammation in placenta, umbilical cord and membranes. Together with the fetal
      and maternal infections they depended on the length of time between rupture and
      the onset of labor. pns. The data now available give a clear picture of the
      development of the inflammatory processes in mature and premature children and
      suffice for the assessment of fetal and maternal risks.

PMID- 1098294
TI  - Determination of serum nucleotidase with cytidine monophosphate as substrate,
      (I).
AB  - This paper deals with a new method for the determination of serum nucleotidase
      (EC 3.1.3.5). The assay is performed with cytidine-5'-monophosphate as substrate,
      followed by deamination of the generated cytidine. The principle of the method
      and the determination of the liberated ammonia by the Berthelot indophenol
      reaction are comparable to the Persijn--van der Slik method in which adenosine-5'
      monophosphate is used as substrate. The correlation between the results obtained
      with these two methods was found to be good; the new method has the advantage of
      higher sensitivity.

PMID- 1098295
TI  - [Themistocles Gluck (1853-1942), pioneer in endoprosthetics].
AB  - There ist reported about the surgeon Prof. Themistocles Gluck, who first invented
      endoprostheses from ivory in 1890 at Berlin. So we believe, that he was the
      pioneer in endoprosthetics.

PMID- 1098296
TI  - [Results of treatment of congenital hip dislocation by extensionrepositioning and
      Hanausek-retention].
AB  - In the past 4 years all our patients below the age of three years, suffering from
      luxation or dysplasia of the hipjoint, were treated only conservatively. For
      repositioning we used a modified overhead-extension (Extensionsreposition). The
      "Hanausek-Apparat" was used only for retention. By this method all luxations 
      could be reponed. Because of the low rate of re-dislocations and femur-head
      nekroses, which decreased significantly from 23 per cent to 3.9 per cent, our
      method proved to be superior to manual repositioning under general anaesthesia,
      plaster-extension or early operation.

PMID- 1098297
TI  - [The personality of children with weak posture].
AB  - An attempt is made on two groups of children with weak posture and of normal
      children aged 8 to 10 years to demonstrate a statistical link between fibrous
      tissue-weakness and certain psychological characteristics. In tests and
      observations of experiences and behavior of children one finds: Compared with the
      controls the children  showing symptoms suffer psychosomatic changes. The cause
      is held to be not just increased psychomotor clumsiness, but their behavior
      pattern is essentially due to psychological pressure of their environment
      (parents, school, friends etc). This leads to: reduction self-confidence,
      increased experience of failure, hypercompensatory view of the self with strong
      criticism of others and again physical dysfunction. To offer treatment is not
      enough. We have to demand a spread of information, cooperative efforts of
      teachers , school-physicians and parents and education by team-work.

PMID- 1098298
TI  - Reasonable charge.

PMID- 1098299
TI  - [Hemagglutination reaction in the serodiagnosis of syphilis].

PMID- 1098300
TI  - [Hard chancre as a manifestation of cellular immunological reactions at the site
      of entry of Spirochaete pallida].

PMID- 1098301
TI  - [Quantitative method for the immunofluorescence reaction with the cerebrospinal
      fluid of patients with various forms of syphilis].

PMID- 1098302
TI  - [Characteristics of the morphogenesis of Treponema pallidum L forms and the
      stages of their reversion].

PMID- 1098303
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Manuel' Samoilovich Kaplun].

PMID- 1098304
TI  - [In memoriam Evgenii Petrovich Lesnikov].

PMID- 1098305
TI  - [In memoriam Pavel Iosifovich Golemb].

PMID- 1098306
TI  - [Discovery of Treponema pallidum (on the 70th anniversary)].

PMID- 1098307
TI  - [Dynamics of the local autoimmune hemolysis reaction in recurrent herpes].

PMID- 1098308
TI  - [Study of the specific reactivity of the body in mycosis caused by Trichophyton
      rubrum].

PMID- 1098309
TI  - [Kenalog in the therapy of dermatoses].

PMID- 1098310
TI  - [Alopecia].

PMID- 1098311
TI  - [In memoriam Tigran Semenovich Atarov].

PMID- 1098312
TI  - [Deficiency statistics].

PMID- 1098313
TI  - [Psychological conditioning].

PMID- 1098314
TI  - [Inspection and preporsthetic-surgical preparation of the edentulous patient].

PMID- 1098315
TI  - [The actual impression].

PMID- 1098316
TI  - [The functional impression].

PMID- 1098317
TI  - [Prosthetic treatment in combined periodontal and gingival position].

PMID- 1098318
TI  - [Effects of the anterior denture on its foundation].

PMID- 1098319
TI  - [Scalpel--high speed knife--laser beam--indications and use in dental practice].

PMID- 1098320
TI  - [Prosthetic measures in children and adolescents].

PMID- 1098321
TI  - [Do technical details of anchorage influence the efficiency of the free-end
      denture?].

PMID- 1098322
TI  - Studies on the energetic metabolism of Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli
      hybrids devoid of penetration ability. II. Oxygen uptake and dehydrogenase
      activity.
AB  - Oxygen uptake and dehydrogenase activity are studied with lac+ kcpminus hybrids
      of Shigella flexneri, being avirulent to the eyes of guinea pigs, because of
      having lost ability for penetration in epithelial cells. These strains were
      obtained by hybridization of the virulent strain Shigella flexneri 222 5 a with
      the Hfr strain Escherichia coli K-12 P4x. It is established that lac+ kcp minus
      hybrids are characterized by significant decrease of respiratory activity. This
      decrease is outlined as a tendency studying O2 uptake and is extremely well
      expressed studying the dehydrogenase activity. The tests being performed with
      these hybrids show that the loss of virulence and connected with it the loss of
      the ability for penetration is related to a decrease of the respiratory activity
      of these bacteria which supply a part of the energy needed for their viability.

PMID- 1098323
TI  - [The anodic-moving thermolabile antigen (ATA) of gram-negative bacteria: its
      occurrence in rough mutants of shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli(author's
      transl)].
AB  - The thermolabile antigen (ATA) moving to the anode, discovered by us (9) and also
      described by LARSSON et al. (8), could be detected in Ra-, Rb-, Re- and Rd
      mutants of Sh. flexneri and, in smaller amounts, in Rd- and Re- mutants of E.
      coli O8:K27:H. So it proves to be different from KUNIN'S common antigen (7). Our
      results lead to the conclusion that ATA is located in a more inner part of the
      bacterial cell wall and is fixed by noncovalent linkages.

PMID- 1098324
TI  - Occurrence of megasphaera elsdenii in faecal samples of young pigs.
AB  - Important numbers of Megasphaera elsdenii, known as a normal inhabitant of the
      rumen of cattle and sheep were recently cultured from intestinal contents of man
      and pigs. Studying the occurrence of this organism in faecal contents of pigs, we
      paid attention to the use of a strict anaerobic isolating and counting technique.
      It was demonstrated that Megasphaera elsdenii is a strict anaerobic organism.
      Exposure to air during 15 minutes caused an important decrease of the colony
      count. Comparison of the biochemical properties of some isolates with the data of
      other investigators is given. Pigs isolates were nearly similar to rumen strains.

PMID- 1098325
TI  - In vitro study of the influence of virginiamycin and spiramycin on the
      composition and biochemical activities of the gastrointestinal flora of piglets.
      I. influence on the composition of the flora.
AB  - In vitro fermentations with the gastro-intestinal flora of 18 treated piglets
      (Control, Virginiamycin, Spiramycin) were carried out to study the influence of
      Nutritional doses of Virginiamycin and Spiramycin on the composition of the
      microflora. Each total flora was used for three different incubations: Control,
      50 ppm Virginiamycin, 50 ppm Spiramycin. To obtain comparable results with
      experiments in vivo, an artificial fermentation medium was made on the basis of
      several chemical analyses of intestinal contents. The treatments with nutritional
      doses in vivo had little influence on the different in vitro fermentations.
      Addition of Spiramycin during incubation was of little influence on the growth
      and the composition of the flora. Virginiamycin on the other hand caused marked
      changes in the gastro-intestinal microflora, such as a decrease of the total
      growth and a decrease in the number of Lactobacilli and Enterococci, combined
      with a slight increase of the Gram negative aerobic population.

PMID- 1098326
TI  - [Nocardia pellegrini: III. An attempt of phage typing(author's transl)].
AB  - The typing of Nocardia pellegrini with different Nocardia-phages was studied. The
      investigation included 25 Nocardia pellegrini strains, 19 strains of different
      Nocardia species and also strains of different species of mycobacteria. It could
      be stated that phages typical for Nocardia pellegrini were also active against
      other fast fragmentating Nocardia species, such as Nocardia corallina or Nocardia
      rubra. However, they did not attack Nocardia asteroides or strains of
      mycobacteria. Phages typical for mycobacteria or for Nocardia asteroides did not
      lysate the fast fragmentating nocardia (Table 1 and 2). Mutants of one Nocardia
      pellegrini phage could be isolated which showed a broader host range than the
      parent phage (Table 1 and 2). Some lysogenic strains of Nocardia pellegrini with
      a changed phage sensitivity could be isolated after action of the phages (Table
      3). The taxonomical position of Nocardia pellegrini and Nocardia rubra is
      discussed.

PMID- 1098327
TI  - Studies on the immunizing capacity of orally administered particulate antigens.
      II. Production of immunological memory in germ-free mice by orally administered
      sheep erythrocytes.
AB  - A study was perfromed to find out, whether or not the oral administration of
      sheep erythrocytes results in a general primary immune reaction as well as in
      effective priming for the secondary response in both conventional and germ-free
      NMRI mice. Whereas negative results were obtained with conventionally held mice,
      five oral applications of 0.3 ml of a 60% suspension of sheep erythrocytes to
      germ-free mice, each dose separated by an interval of 24 hr, resulted in a
      general primary immune response both at the cellular and humoral levels. When
      such pretreated mice were given an i.p. injection of 4 times 10(8) sheep
      erythrocytes as a secondary antigenic stimulus 32 days after the last of the five
      oral applications, the subsequent response was characterized by the predominant
      development of 7S hemolysin-producing spleen cells. This evidently indicates that
      effective priming for the secondary response has taken place by the orally
      administered antigen.

PMID- 1098328
TI  - [Laboratory procedures in adenoviruses. II. Sensitivity of various cell cultures
      as determined by endpoint titration (author's transl)].
AB  - The sensitivity of human embryonic kidney (HEK), human amnion (HAm) and HeLa
      cells for human adenoviruses was investigated by means of endpoint titrations of
      13 prototype strains and numerous original specimens from patients. Prototypes
      and original specimens showed the same behavior. Adenoviruses of subgrouppp III
      produced nearly identical titers in all 3 cell cultures, while for subgroup I HAm
      cells showed a 10- to 100-fold lower titer. On the other hand, HAm cells are
      nearly as sensitive as HEK cells for type 8, whereas HeLa cells are less
      sensitive. For other viruses of subgroup II and for subgrou IV, HAm (for type 12
      also HeLa) cells are less sensitive than HEK cells. Out of three HeLa cell
      strains tested the Bristol strain was inferior to the other two in its
      sensitivity. Concerning the speed of the CPE development, HEK cells are superior
      for all types, the difference being greatest for subgroup I towards HAm and HeLa
      and for type 8 towards HeLa cells. The length of incubation necessary for the
      appearance of CPE even with minimal amounts of virus is 40 days for type 8 in all
      kinds of cell cultures, whereas for adenoviruses of sub-groups I and III, which
      are predominantly isolated in the routine laboratory, 25 days for HEK and 30 days
      for HAm and HeLa cells may suffice in most cases. When endpoint titrations are
      compared with titers obtained by immunofluorescence, it appears that this
      technique may be applied as a screening method; thus long incubation periods of
      negative specimens can be saved. The amounts of infectious virus present in
      original specimens are reported; the highest quantity was found in specimens
      containing subgroup I viruses.

PMID- 1098329
TI  - Salmonella isolations in The Netherlands, 1966-1973.

PMID- 1098330
TI  - [Qualitative und quantitative salmonella investigations and their hygienic
      valuation in connection with the E. coli titre, demonstrated with examples from
      the coastal waters of Kiel bight (Western Baltic Sea) (author's transl)].
AB  - Qualitative salmonella investigations and E. coli titre determinations were
      carried out in about 4,000 water samples taken from the coastal region of Kiel
      Bight (Western Baltic) in 1972 and 1973, and evaluated in connection with
      epidemiological data. Further, about 100 samples were determined quantitatively
      by the MPN method and set in relation to the E. coli titre. The significance to
      be attributed to positive salmonella findings particularly in relation to the
      assessment of risk of infection and as impurity indicators was investigated with
      reference to this material. A comparison of salmonella findings and E. coli titre
      showed that with increasing E. coli contamination the proportion of positive
      salmonella findings also increased (paraboloid curve). Salmonella frequencies and
      the frequency with which the limiting values of the E. coli titre is exceeded run
      approximately parallel; the frequency of exceeding a limiting value of E. coli
      titre of 1.0 and the frequency of salmonella (determination in 100 ml) in sewage
      laden areas largely coincide. The quantitative salmonella investigations (MPN
      method) also showed that up to an E. coli titre of 1.0 extremely low salmonella
      counts only are to be expected (on the average, less than 2/100 ml). With an E.
      coli titre of 0.1, a marked increase can be seen. A limiting value of 1.0 is
      proposed for the E. coli titre in coastal waters. Epidemiological data have also
      shown that an increased risk of infection could not be deduced from positive
      salmonella findings. According to the present investigations, the value of the
      information obtained from salmonella findings is small compared with the E. coli
      titre. Considering the great expense of laboratory investigations, tests for
      salmonella should be dispensed with in routine examination of water.

PMID- 1098331
TI  - [Bacteriological and parasitological investigations in public indoor swimming
      baths (author's transl)].
AB  - The importance of the public swimming bath for the dissemination of Trichomonas
      vaginalis is disputed. 30 samples, each of 250 ml bath water from four indoor
      swimming baths, were examined for trichomonads. All the samples were negative.
      218 smears taken from the wet places on the heated benches and other seating
      accommodation in these swimming baths were cultured for trichomonads and
      bacteria. Trichomonas vaginalis could not be demonstrated. Fecal organisms were
      found in 56 places, antibiotic-sensitive staphylococci were cultured from 20
      samples and Ps. aeruginosa from 8. The negative tests for trichomonads suggests
      that the indoor swimming bath has no epidemiological importance in the
      dissemination of this parasite.

PMID- 1098332
TI  - [Characteristics of capsular bacteria, isolated from children with acute
      intestinal diseases].
AB  - A study was made of 256 young children suffering from gastroenterocolitis,
      dyspepsia, food poisoning for the presence of conditionally pathogenic
      representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Klebsiellae were isolated in
      39.8% of the patients and in 22.3% of 67 healthy children. A study was made of
      morphological, cultural-biochemical properties and the antigenic structure in 308
      strains of the Klebsiella denus. Capsules were detected by microscopic
      examination. Biochemical properties were determined after Kaufman, and some of
      the cultures proved to differ from the typical biochemical pattern described by
      this author. K-antigen was found in 185 klebsiella strains; of this number 99
      strains belonged to Kl. pneumoniae and 86--to Kl. aerogenes. Fimbria were
      revealed in some of the Kl. pneumoniae and Kl. aerogenes strains. Bacteriocines
      were detected in 103 of 206 strains (by Abbot and Shennon's method).

PMID- 1098333
TI  - [Morphological changes during intestinal dysbacteriosis in rats].
AB  - Inclusion into the food of rats of living E. coli strains produced an
      inflammatory-destructive process in the mucose of the cecum. When a strain
      isolated from the patient suffering from carcinoma of the stomach was fed the
      changes appeared in 2 to 3 months after the beginning of the experiment and were
      accompanied by atrophy of the mucosa; after colibacterin administration the
      inflammatory process occurred later, it was less pronounced and accompanied by
      the repair reaction.

PMID- 1098334
TI  - [Experience in the use of Tebrophen for influenza prevention].
AB  - The efficacy of influenca prophylaxis by a new Soviet chemopreparation tebrophen
      was studied during the influenza epidemics of 1972-1973 caused by the influenza
      virus of A/Hong-kong/68 and A/England/72/H3N2/types. Investigations were carried
      out under conditions of an epidemiological experience among the organized (adult)
      collective bodies (4352 persons in all). The preparation was instilled
      intranasally in the form of a 0.25 and 1% ointment on vaseline base. The efficacy
      index was 2.0-2.7, and the protection index--51--60%.

PMID- 1098335
TI  - [Dynamics of dysenteric diseases, caused by Sh. sonnei of different enzymatic and
      conditional colicinogenotypes, in Kharkov in 1965-1972].
AB  - Results of studying the enzymatic (by maltose, rhamnose and xylose) properties of
      9277 freshly-located Sh. sonnei strains isolated in Kharkov in 1965-1972 showed
      that they were referred to 14 enzymatic types (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, k, l, m, n,
      o, p, q). The strains under study were additionally--within the range of each of
      the enzymatic type-divided into 8 conditioned coli phi,cinogen types (I-VIII) by
      their sensitivity to colicines of the indicator E. coli, K12 and B cultures.
      Subdivision of the strains with the use of the two mentioned tests permitted to
      establish the prevalence among the Sh. sonnei strains isolated during the
      individual years of definite conditioned enzymatic-colicinogenic types. During
      the period observed group diseases were caused by Sh. sonnei of only some of the
      enzymatic-colicinogenic types-aII, aVI, dI, dII, dVI, etc. Three enzymatic types
      of Sh. sonnei-a, d and k-dominated in Kharkov beginning from 1969.

PMID- 1098336
TI  - [Relation of the immune response in rats to the state of the lysosomes and
      intensity of protein synthesis].
AB  - In stimulation of an immune response to salmonellae in rats by dibasol and
      methyluracil and its depression by chlorophos and an amine salt of 2,4
      dichlorphenoacetic acid it was found that the intensity of the immune response
      depended more on the level of protein biosynthesis than on the state of lysosomes
      at the period preceding the immunization.

PMID- 1098337
TI  - [Induction of autologous tissue disorders in animals tolerant to cross-reacting
      microbial antigens].
AB  - Injection to newborn C3H mice of streptococcus, group C, or C. albicans vaccines
      prevented in adult mice induction of the skin autotransplant affection caused by
      the immunization of these animals with the mentioned microbial vaccines. In
      response to the immunization with the streptococcus or monilia vaccines the
      tolerant mice displayed a reduction in the number of cells reacting with the
      microbial vaccines in the immunoadhesion and blasttransformation reactions; their
      cytotoxic activity in respect to the syngenous target cells was also diminished.

PMID- 1098338
TI  - [Detection of atoxigenic variants in Cl. botulinum type A and B cultures exposed
      to different treatments].
AB  - A possibility of detection of atoxigenic clones in the cultures of Cl. botulinum,
      types A and B, under conditions of treatment with acridine strains, UV
      irradiation and heating of spores was studied. Of the 10 strains investigated,
      atoxigenic variants were obtained only in 3, belonging to type B; the frequency
      of formation of atoxigenic clones under the effect of ethidium bronide
      constituted 36--45.7%, and of the UV-irradiation-4.2%; heating of spores proved
      to be ineffective. A frequent loss of the toxigenicity sign coincided with the
      view on the elimination of the episomal determinant of the toxin-formation, not
      with the mutational nature-of this change. An association between the differences
      in stability of retention of the toxigenicity signs in various strains and types
      of Cl. botulinum and possible differences of the corresponding genetic
      determinants of the toxin formation is discussed.

PMID- 1098339
TI  - Professor Wlodzimierz Mozolowski 1895-1975.

PMID- 1098340
TI  - Alkylated cytosine nucleosides: substrate and inhibitor properties in enzymatic
      deamination.
AB  - Cytosine nucleoside deaminase (EC 3.5.4.5) from Salmonella typhimurium LT2
      catalyses the deamination of ribo-, deoxyribo- and arabinosyl nucleosides of
      cytosine alkylated at the C-5, but not at the N3 or exocyclic N4, of the
      pyrimidine ring. The enzyme was inert towards analogues etherified at the 3'-OH
      and 5'-OH of the sugar ring; it was active against the 2'-O-methyl derivative of
      cytidine, but not arabinosycytosine. The N4-and 5'-O-alkyl non-substrate
      analogues competitively inhibited deamination of deoxycytidine and
      arabinosylcytosine, the most inhibitory being 5'-O-methylarabinosylcytosine. The
      alpha anomer of 5'-ethyldeoxycytidine, the 2,2'-anhydro derivative of cytidine,
      and the 3'-O-alkyl derivatives were neither substrates nor inhibitors. The
      presence of cytidine deaminase was demonstrated in both granulocytes and
      lymphocytes from human peripheral blood. The specificity of this enzyme differed
      significantly from that of the bacterial enzyme, a finding of some relevance in
      relation to the frequently encountered intracellular deamination of
      therapeutically active arabinosylcytosine to the inactive arabinosyluracil.

PMID- 1098341
TI  - Advantage of defined tissue slices against minced samples in biochemical in vitro
      investigations of brain cortex.
AB  - A cutting device for the preparation of brain cortex slices with a regular
      cylindric shape and a defined thickness is described. Determinations of the
      glucose and the electrolyte metabolism and the reactions of both to substances'
      additions were made with minced brain and with brain slices of different
      thichknes. The comparison of the methods and of the results makes evident that
      experimentation with slices has several advantages.

PMID- 1098342
TI  - [In-vitro cultivated cells of smooth muscular organs. 1. Cultivation of isolated
      rat bladder cells].
AB  - Cells obtained from the rats urinary bladder by enzymatic treatment were
      cultivated on glass surfaces in completely synthetic nutrient media supplemented
      with 10% calf serum. The occurrence of smooth muscle cells, in addition to
      fibroblasts and multinuclear giant cells, in the monolayer cultures obtained is
      postulated.

PMID- 1098343
TI  - Application of histoacryl-N-blau and Surgicel in experimental pancreas injuries
      and resections.
AB  - A new method has been worked out for the treatment of experimental pancreas
      injuries and resections. The surfaces were coated with SurgicelR and the coating
      was fixed with the adhesive Histoacryl-N-Blau. Use of these two completely
      absorbable substances prevented the complications caused by sutures. The results
      confirmed by histological and laboratory tests have been satisfactory, hence the
      method appears to be clinically applicable.

PMID- 1098344
TI  - Superior mesenteric blood flow in man studied with a dye-dilution technique.
AB  - The superior mesenteric blood flow in the post-absorptive state was studied with
      a dye-dilution technique using indocyanine green in 37 patients with apparently
      normal small bowel function. All the patients except 2 had been, or were to be,
      treated because of malignant disease, mostly rectal carcinoma. The investigations
      were performed in connection with portography. The dye was injected into the
      superior mesenteric artery as a single injection during continuous sampling of
      blood from the superior mesenteric vein, catheterized through the reopened
      umbilical vein. The blood flow was calculated from the dye-dilution curves
      obtained with a modified Stewart-Hamilton formula. As recirculating dye appeared
      in the later part of the dye-dilution curves, the appearance of the recirculating
      dye was timed in 4 patients. The hepatic extraction of the amount of dye usually
      injected, 1.25 mg, was 60%. The superior mesenteric blood flow averaged 706
      ml/min (397 ml/min/m-2 body surface) or 12% of the cardiac output. The appearance
      time, mean transit time, vascular resistance and vascular volume were also
      determined.

PMID- 1098345
TI  - Superior mesenteric blood flow in man following injection of bradykinin and
      vasopressin into the superior mesenteric artery.
AB  - The superior mesenteric blood flow was studied with a dye-dilution technique
      after catheterization of the superior mesenteric artery and vein. The
      investigation was performed in connection with portography in 22 patients with
      apparently normal small bowel function. Intra-arterial injection of 5, 10 or 20
      mug bradykinin was followed within one minute by an increase, on the average, of
      114, 176 and 223% respectively, in the superior mesenteric blood flow. The blood
      flow was dose-dependent in this range. The estimated vascular resistance
      decreased by 52, 61 and 67%, respectively. The portal venous pressure was
      increased slightly after intra-arterial injection, but the pressure was unchanged
      after intra-portal injection. Intra-arterial injection of bradykinin causes a
      highly improved venous phase at superior mesenteric angiography. This may be due
      not only to the increased flow but to some extent also to increased capillary
      permeability produced by bradykinin. Intra-arterial injection of 0.125 and 0.250
      IU of vasopressin decreased the superior mesenteric blood flow by 53 and 54%,
      respectively, within 3 minutes of the injection. The dye-dilution method used was
      not applicable to blood flow below a level of about 200 ml/min. Continuous
      infusion of 0.05 IU/min decreased the superior mesenteric blood flow by, on an
      average, 58%. The portal venous pressure was decreased by 25% after the intra
      arterial injection, but no change in pressure was recorded after intra-portal
      administration. The clinical use of intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin during
      gastrointenstinal bleeding is discussed.

PMID- 1098346
TI  - Preservation of kidneys for transplantation. Assessment of ischemic damage by
      renal autoperfusion.
AB  - Autoperfusion of canine kidneys was investigated as an alternative method to
      determinate the ischmic organ damage following various preservation procedures.
      As a compromise between implantation of the donor kidney and normotherimic
      isolated perfusion, autoperfusion is shown to offer some advantages in the study
      of the pathophysiology of the ischemic damaged kidney. Within 3 hours of
      autoperfusion, we obtained detailed information about the immediate regenerative
      ability of the glomerular, tubular, and vascular functions following various
      sorts of ischemic trauma.

PMID- 1098348
TI  - The influence of time, dose and gonadal steroids on LH-RH-induced gonadotrophin
      release in rats.
AB  - Hypophyseal responses to LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) were studied in
      ovariectomized rats, pre-treated once with 50 mug oestradiol-3-benzoate alone or
      in combination with 25 mg progesterone either 16, 24, 48 or 72 h before the
      administration of LH-RH.  The highest serum gonadotrophin increase was detected
      in ovariectomized rats pre-treated with oestrogen 48 h before the LH-RH
      injection.  The serum LH concentration change in intact male rats was markedly
      lower in terms of order of magnitude than in ovariectomized, oestradiol-3
      benzoate, progesterone-treated rats ("O.Oe. P."-rats).  These latter test animals
      showed the maximal increase of serum LH concentration, depending on the dose of
      LH-RH, after 10 to 25 min and that of FSH after 40 min.  The dose-response curves
      for LH release in "O.Oe.P."-rats were linear for short (10 and 15 min) and
      sigmoid for longer time intervals (20, 30 and 40 min) between LH-RH injection and
      sacrifice.  The possible reasons for this difference in both magnitude and time
      lapse for maximal increase of serum LH and FSH concentration, the influence of
      steroid pre-treatment and the variation of the time course of serum LH
      concentration, depending on the dose of LH-RH, are discussed.

PMID- 1098347
TI  - Diagnostic value of the LH-releasing hormone stimulation test in functional
      amenorrhea.
AB  - LH-releasing hormone (25 mug, iv.) was administered to 37 women with functional
      amenorrhea. In addition to the clinical classification, these patients were
      divided into three groups according to the basal level of serum LH. A significant
      correlation was found between the base-line levels of LH and the serum
      concentration of oestradiol plus oestrone. The absolute increment of LH after the
      injection of LH-RH was found to be dependent only on the base-line level of LH.
      Except for the patients with anorexia nervoxa, the base-line levels and the
      response pattern of FSH were almost the same for all three groups. From the
      results of this study, it was concluded that: 1. The circulating levels of
      oestradiol and oestrone, where derived from ovarian secretion, actually depend on
      the gonadotrophic stimulus. In patients with functional amenorrhea, the
      oestrogens do not make an independent contribution to the pituitary response to
      LH-RH. 2. Dysregulation of releasing hormones, whether located at the
      hypothalamic or suprahypothalamic level, necessarily influences the secretory
      capacity of the pituitary gland; long-standing deficiency of LH-RH, may finally
      lead to a state of pituitary "functional" unresponsiveness to releasing hormones.
      3. In view of the excellent correlation between base-line levels of LH and the
      absolute increment of LH following stimulation with LH-RH, this test only
      accentuates the existing pituitary secretroy capacity, which can be roughly
      estimated from circulating levels of LH and FSH. 4. This test may be useful in
      distinguishing the milder cases of psychogenic amenorrhea from extreme
      gonadotrophic dysfunction in patients with anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 1098349
TI  - The sequence of pituitary responses to synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing
      hormone (LH-RH) throughout the normal menstrual cycle.
AB  - Thirty-one ovulatory women between 20 and 33 years of age were given 150 mug of
      synthetic LH-RH during different phases of the menstrual cycle. Five patients
      were studied during the early follicular phase (days 4-7); 10 patients during the
      late follicular phase (days 9-12); 6 patients during the "LH Surge"; 5 patients
      during the early luteal phase (days 14-16); 3 patients during mid-luteal phase
      (days 17-21); and 2 patients during late luteal phase (days 22-27). Oestrogen,
      progesterone, FSH and LH levels were determined from 30 min prior to LH-RH
      administration to 90 min thereafter in all cases. LH response to LH-RH increased
      progressively during the follicular phase. Enhanced pituitary responsiveness to
      LH-RH occurred at mid-cycle for both LH and FSH and maximum LH responses occurred
      during the "LH Surge" and early luteal phase. LH responses during the mid and
      late luteal phases were similar to late follicular phase responses. There were no
      significant differences between FSH responses during the early follicular, late
      follicular, mid-luteal and late luteal phases. Maximum pituitary responsiveness
      appears to occur in a gonadal steroid milieu of high oestrogen levels in
      association with rising but low progesterone levels. Progesterone or a crucial
      oestrogen: progesterone ratio may in fact potentiate pituitary release of LH
      during the early stages of corpus luteum formation. Pituitary responsiveness to
      LH-RH correlates positively with basal LH and oestrogen levels during the
      menstrual cycle and with the oestrogen:progesterone ratio during the luteal
      phase.

PMID- 1098350
TI  - Testosterone undecanoate: a new orally active androgen.
AB  - Oral testosterone undecanoate (TU) in arachis oil has been evaluated with a view
      to its possible use as a means of androgen replacement therapy. A single 100 mg
      dose was found to elevate plasma androgen levels and urinary 17-ketosteroid
      excretion in 6 normal men. Ninety mg/day and 60 mg/day doses taken by a
      hypogonadal man resulted in sustained levels of androgen which appeared
      physiological when measured by radioimmunoassay without chromatography. However,
      upon separation of the steroids by chromatography it was found that much of the
      androgen present was in fact dihydrotestosterone not testosterone. Both TU and
      dihydrotestosterone undecanoate were detected in plasma by gas chromatography and
      it is suggested that the ester is absorbed as such from the intestine and the
      unesterified steroid subsequently released by hydrolysis. The convenience of oral
      administration, the resulting prolonged elevated plasma androgen levels and the
      probable lack of deleterious effects on the liver may render oral TU of value
      where androgen replacement therapy is indicated.

PMID- 1098351
TI  - [4-year-observation of results of VM 26 treatment of pathologic syndromes from
      the lymphoma malignum group].
AB  - The  authors used the preparation VM 26 in 66 patients with various pathological
      syndromes belonging to the group of malignant lymphoma. The patients were divided
      into three groups. Group A received only VM 26, group B VM 26 and ultracorten,
      group C VM 26, cyclophosphamide, methylhydrazine and glycocorticosteroids. In all
      observed groups a therapeutic activity of VM 26 was demonstrated. The best
      therapeutic results were obtained in group C, in group B they were slightly
      worse.

PMID- 1098352
TI  - Mast cell sensitizing antibodies in experimental candidiasis.
AB  - Inoculation into foot-pads of guinea-pigs of a living suspension of Candida
      albicans together with Complete Freund's Adjuvant, provoked a hypersensitive
      state, characterized by: 1) positive skin tests; 2) direct degranulation of
      peritoneal mast cells when exposed in vitro to the antigen; and 3) homologous
      "mast cell sensitizing antibodies" detected by the "indirect mast cell
      degranulation test". The mast cell sensitizing antibodies were heat labile, and
      their activity could not be restored by complement.

PMID- 1098353
TI  - Treatment of children with perennial rhinitis with brompheniraminemaleate and
      phenylpropanolaminehydrochloride (lunerin mite)
AB  - The effect of a combined pediatric preparation of brompheniramine maleate and
      phenylpropanolaminehydrochloride (Lunerin mite) was studied in 17 children (aged
      4-14 years) with allergic rhinitis. A double-blind cross-over technique was used,
      and a score system was used for evaluation of symptoms and signs. The results
      show that the drug had a good effect with statistical differences on the 1 per
      cent level between the active preparation and the placebo. The effect was less
      pronounced in children aged more than 10 years, for whom a higher dose of the
      drug is recommended. The frequency of side-effects was negligible.

PMID- 1098354
TI  - Mast cell sensitizing antibody (MCSAb) response in experimental candidiasis:
      chromatographic studies.
AB  - A single dose of the yeast-like fungus Candida albicans (CA), mixed with Complete
      Freund's Adjuvant (CFA), and inoculated into guinea-pig foot-pads, provoked the
      productions of homologous mast cell sensitizing antibodies (MCSAb) present in the
      psiI-globulin fraction only, and of agglutinins localized in the same fraction.
      Heterologous MCSAb and skin-sensitizing antibodies detectable by passive
      cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) were constantly absent. These facts are in
      contradiction to results of previous experiments performed with other antigens;
      which after similar inoculation elicited production of heterologous MCSAb
      attaching themselves on rat mast cells (MC) and present in the psi2 fast moving
      globulin, homologous MCSAb localized in the psiI-globulin and in the psi2 fast
      moving globulin, and PCA antibodies. The immunogenicity of CA is discussed.

PMID- 1098355
TI  - From anaesthesia to anaesthesiology. Personal experiences in Copenhagen during
      the past 25 years.

PMID- 1098356
TI  - Effect of cobalt salts on the glycemia and islet histology of Channa punctatus
      (Bloch).
AB  - Channa punctatus responds to the intramuscular administration of cobalt chloride
      and cobalt nitrate by exhibiting an increase in the blood glucose level. The
      hyperglycemia persists till 120 h, after which the fish become moribund and
      ultimately die. Cobalt salts evoke degranulation and vacuolization of the alpha
      cells in the initial stage but later the beta-cells are also found to be severely
      damaged. Cobalt chloride has been found to be more toxic than the cobalt nitrate.

PMID- 1098357
TI  - Scintillation camera studies of isotope flow in arteriovenous malformations.
AB  - A significant proportion of arteriovenous malformations are still undetected on
      conventional brain scans. Dynamic scintillation camera studies have shown a
      pronounced and rapid isotope accumulation in these structures. By means of data
      processed flow studies, one can distinctly select the inflow phase etc., display
      TV pictures in optimal phase, and make quantitative comparisons. Thereby, one can
      obtain a very probable diagnosis, even when the AVM is small or has the
      characteristics of a fistula which is not seen on routine scans. As the method is
      simple and not time consuming, it is well suited for clinical screening.

PMID- 1098358
TI  - Subjective symptoms in epileptic patients on anticonvulsant drugs. A controlled
      therapeutic trial on the effect of vitamin d.
AB  - The possibility (based on the recognised existence of anticonvulsant
      osteomalacia), of an osteomalacic origin of a number of subjective symptoms in
      epileptics (back pain, tiredness, sleepiness, irritability, and giddiness) was
      tested during a controlled therapeutic trial in 226 outpatients. There was no
      correlation between subjective symptoms and objective pathological indices of
      osteomalacia, and group treated with vitamin D (2000 international units daily
      for 3 months) showed no amelioration of subjective symptoms above that seen in
      the placebo group. The findings do not support the view that all epileptic
      patients on anticonvulsant therapy should be treated prophylactically with
      vitamin D.

PMID- 1098359
TI  - Piribedil (ET 495) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease combined with
      amantadine or levodopa.
AB  - The further therapeutic benefit of piribedil when combined with amantadine or
      Levodopa was studied by a double-blind, cross-over trial in 15 patients with
      Parkinson's disease. A significant improvement at the 5 per cent level for
      akinesia, gait, speech disorder and facial expression occurred when piribedil was
      added to Levodopa; and a more highly significant improvement at the 1 per cent
      level for akinesia, facial expression and finger dexterity occurred with
      piribedil and amantadine. No significant improvement occurred for special timed
      tests. Improvement was associated with side effects in both groups of patients.
      Side effects occurred with both placebo and active piribedil. Only nausea during
      piribedil and Levodopa treatment reached statistical significance when compared
      with the placebo. Piribedil did not give rise to any haematological or
      biochemical complications. Our findings suggest that piribedil is of further
      therapeutic benefit when added to amantadine or Levodopa. It was suggested that
      the improvement which occurred together with amantadine could be due to the
      combined action of both drugs on dopamine receptors.

PMID- 1098360
TI  - Intranuclear inclusions in a case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: an
      ultrastructural study.
AB  - Two types of intranuclear inclusions were described in a brain biopsy from a
      patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The first type of intranculear inclusion
      was papova virus-like and was observed within 20% of the nuclei of all astrocytes
      and neurons examined. The particles measured 32 nm in diameter and consisted of a
      dense core surrounded by a multi-layered shell. The second type of intranuclear
      inculsion was a granulo-fibrillar nuclear body found within the nuclei of
      astrocytes and neurons. The possible significance of these inculsions to the
      etiology of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is discussed.

PMID- 1098361
TI  - Morphology and classification of malignant lymphomas and so-called reticuloses.
AB  - There is general agreement as to the definition and subclassification of Hodgkin
      lymphomas, which is acceptable for practical reasons. However, the nature of the
      different types of Hodgkin lymphomas needs further consideration. On the other
      hand, today we are as far from agreement on non-Hodgkin lymphomas as ever before.
      Earlier European and American classifications have now to be reconsidered in the
      light of modern concepts of experimental immunology. It has become necessary to
      apply immunochemical and immunomorphological methods in addition to histological,
      histochemical, cytological, and ultrastructural techniques. Only such a complex
      approach has been able to provide new insight into the functional properties of
      the tumor cells. The result was a new lymphoma classification, which conforms to
      LUKES' concept in many respects. It was fundamentally accepted by a group of
      European lymphoma experts and has been condensed and modified in order to be
      applicable by as many lymphoma centers as possible. It has received the name
      "Kiel Classification" 1974. The main principles of the classification are as
      follows: 1. A distinction is made between malignant lymphomas of low-grade and
      those of high-grade malignancy; "-cytic", "-blastic" m.l. 2. The terms "sarcoma"
      and "leukemia" are avoided. All types of malignant lymphoma can be leukemic,
      however with differnt frequencies. All B-cell lymphomas can also show a
      monoclonal immunoglobulin increase ("paraproteinemia") in the blood, mostly of
      IgM. So-called macroglobulinemia of Waldenstrom is therefore not itself an etity,
      but instead a clinical syndrome. It has been shown that so-called reticulosarcoma
      is derived from immunoblasts, not from reticulum cells or histiocytes. The group
      of reticuloses also needs reconsideration. The term "reticulosis" is
      cytologically incorrect in most cases. Otherwise it refers to a group of diseases
      which we do not yet understand.

PMID- 1098362
TI  - Primary and borderline brain lymphosarcoma: a neuropathological review of nine
      cases.
AB  - Brain lymphosarcoma may be divided into the circumscribed forms, surrounded by
      marked oedema with fibrin, and the diffuse or infiltrating forms. Cytology of the
      former is more uniformly lymphocytic, its clinical course is more rapidly fatal.
      Anatomically primary diffuse lymphosarcoma of the brain may be secondary to
      'cured' systemic lymphoma.

PMID- 1098363
TI  - The classification of microgliomatosis with particular reference to diffuse
      microgliomatosis.
AB  - In 13 of 14 autopsied cases of microgliomatosis, there was macroscopic evidence
      of tumour in the brain. In 11 of these 13 cases, microscopical examination
      disclosed many other small foci of microglimatosis. In the brain which appeared
      normal macroscopically, there was only diffuse microgliomatosis. This was
      histologically indistinguishable from that found in the cases with distinct
      masses of tumour.

PMID- 1098364
TI  - Patterns of proliferation in cerebral lymphoreticular tumours.
AB  - A study of eighteen cases of primary lymphoreticular tumours in the brain is
      described. In four of these there were extraneural lesions and in one
      macroglobulinaema. The use of whole brain sections embedded in celloidin, and of
      metallic impregnation methods, revealed certain constant patterns of
      proliferation. The tumours were diffuse and multicentric; the leptomeninges and
      perivascular spaces especially in the subependymal regions were frequently
      involved. Mature microglia were active both in infiltrated and in apparently
      tumour-free regions.

PMID- 1098365
TI  - "Malignant lymphoma" of the brain following renal transplantation.
AB  - A patient is described who was thought to have developed a malignant lymphoma of
      the brain after renal transplantation. The correct diagnosis was toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 1098366
TI  - Human and experimental reticulum cell sarcoma (microglioma) of the nervous
      system.
AB  - The histology and ultrastructure of primary central nervous system and metastatic
      (epidural) reticulum cell sarcoma is described. The tumors showed varying numbers
      of argyrophilic microglial cells which in all cases constituted a minority of all
      tumor cells. A primitive, undifferentiated cell, common to all tumors, was a
      small cell with a large dense nucleus and a narrow rim of poorly structured
      cytoplasm. These cells frequently showed small fatty inclusions and were
      tentatively identified as primitive multipotential cells from which all other
      tumor cells develop. It is concluded that reticulum cell sarcoma of the nervous
      system (primary or metastatic) and microglioma or microgliomatosis are one and
      the same tumor.

PMID- 1098367
TI  - Fine structure of primary reticulum cell sacroma of the brain.
AB  - An electron microscopic study was made on two cases of reticulum cell sarcoma
      (microglioma) of the brain. In both, the tumour was composed of several type of
      cells; cells with an undifferentiated appearance and cells with ultrastructural
      features of the reticulum cell and histiocyte. There seemed to be no significant
      difference in the fine structure between the tumour cells in reticulum cell
      sarcoma of the brain and extracerebral forms. The ultrastructures of a
      lymphosarcoma of the spinal epidural space was also examined and resembles that
      of such tumours occurring elsewhere in the body.

PMID- 1098368
TI  - Primary cerebral reticulosis and plasma cell diffenentiation.
AB  - Cerebral proliferative and tumour forming reticulosis are primary pathologic
      processes of the brain originating in the perivascular adventitial cell. In these
      conditions this cell can transform into a histiocyte or microglial cell with
      characters of a macrophage. A reactive cell with endoplasmic reticulum, basement
      membrane and fibril forming properties, is also present (fibril forming reticular
      cell). The malignant tumours of the perivascular spaces (cerebral
      reticulosarcoma) are characterized by the presence of the dedifferentiated cells
      originating from the intraadventitial cell. Under both proliferative and tumour
      forming conditions this cell may transform into a cell rich in endoplasmic
      reticulum, sometimes charged with Russell bodies and corresponds morphologically
      to the protein-forming plasma cell. The properties of the intracerebral
      periadventitial cells are identical with those of the reticulo-histiocytic system
      described by ASCHOFF. As its structure and the elements into which it
      differentiats sharply differ from those of the cells belonging to the lymphocyte
      series the term malignant lymphoma of the brain given to these processes does not
      correspond to the fundamental characters of these pathological process.

PMID- 1098369
TI  - Ultrastructural features of human lymphomas.
AB  - The diagnostic value of some ultrastructural details in a series of 73 lymphomas,
      7 thymomas, 6 cases of Waldenstrom's disease, and 5 myelomas has been critically
      reviewed. The light microscopical diagnoses of "reticulum cell sarcoma" seems now
      inadvisable, since thhe majority of these cases, when examined by electron
      microscopy, were found to be "blast cell sarcomas", probably lymphoid in nature.
      Clear-cut relationships between cell ultrastructure and immunfluorescence data
      about surface Ig in lymphoid cell populations have not been ascertained.

PMID- 1098370
TI  - Certain notable clinical attributes of the histiocytic sarcomas of the central
      nervous system.
AB  - By the term reticulum cell sarcoma we denote any tumor composed predominantly of
      undifferentiated cells, some of which have the qualities of histiocytes. The
      origin of such CNS tumors may be traced to circulating monocytes, perithelial ro
      meningeal histiocytes or microgliocytes. The ubiquity of cells of the monocyte
      histiocyte series allows six possibilities of CNS involvement: a) primary in the
      brain: b) secondarily involve the brain or spinal cord by extending from a
      cranial bone or vertebra to the epidural space c) rarely to involve intraneuronal
      tissues (lymph nodes, bone, viscera) and then later to localize to the brain
      substance d) to spread from brain outside the nervous system e) to evoke any one
      or several of the paraneoplastic diseases (polymyositis, polyneuritis, cerebellar
      degeneration, f) to permit widespread infections of the nervous system such as
      multifocal leucoencephalitis. Clinical attributes to be emphasized are the
      relative rarity of hematogenous metastases (2 of 121 cases), the relatively high
      incidence of such tumors in immunologically suppressed individuals (12 of 5000
      cases), the frequency of primary tumors of CNS (23 of 144 cases), the high
      incidence of epidural and dural involvement from osseous lesions (13 of 121
      cases); the rapid evolution of clinical phenomena; the rarity of paraneoplastic
      syndromes; the occasional spontaneous and frequent therapeutic regression upon x
      radiation. The common invasion of pia and ependyma by the tumor cells and their
      natural tendency to phagocytosis opens unrealized possibilities of clinical
      diagnosis by cytological examination and culture of CSF. Early diagnosis by these
      methods permits avoidance of surgery and the use of radiation and possibly
      chemotherapy, which may be rewarded by symptomatic regression and potential cure.

PMID- 1098371
TI  - Differential diagnostic aspects in malignant lymphomas involving the central
      nervous system.
AB  - Neoplastic cells were found in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytograms in 57% of
      patients with lymphocytic leukemia and reticulum cell sarcoma. Tumor cells may be
      observed in CSF specimens showing normal cell count and total proteins.
      Quantitative and/or qualitative changes in CSF proteins in absence of
      corresponding abnormalities in serum may indicate a malignant
      lymphorproliferative process involving the central nervous system even in absence
      of neoplastic cells.

PMID- 1098372
TI  - Light- and electron microscopic studies in hemoblastosis with CNS-disorder.
AB  - Some cases of hemoblastosis with CNS-involvement were investigated by methods of
      light microscopy, cytochemistry and electronmicroscopy. The unique cell picture,
      as observed by light microscopy could not be proven by electronmicroscopic
      results. This fact was supported by comparative investigations of inflammation
      processes. Typical structures are described and discusses.

PMID- 1098373
TI  - Clinical and pathological studies in a case of reticulum cell sarcoma.
AB  - A case of reticulum cell sarcoma associated with involvement of the central
      nervous system was presented. This seems to be an atypical case of reticulum cell
      sarcoma for the following reasons. 1. Hepatosplenomegaly and enlarged lymph nodes
      were not observed through the entire clinical course. The main abnormalities were
      psycho-neurological. 2. These cells did not form a tumour mass, but infiltrated
      diffucely into the central nervous system and extraneural sites, and the primary
      focus could not be determined. Four cases of reticulum cell sarcoma in Japan, in
      which the initial symptoms were of neurological involvement, are reviewed.

PMID- 1098374
TI  - Diffuse reticulosis with leukomalacia.
AB  - A malignant lymphoproliferative disease with acute clinical course and selective
      clinical CNS involvement is described. The metastatic lesions in the brain are
      compared with a primary microglioma of the brain.

PMID- 1098375
TI  - Differentiation of lymphoid cells of the B cell series according to membrane and
      cytoplasmic determinants.
AB  - Previous investigations have shown that a large proportion of normal human
      lymphocytes bearing membrane-bound IgM have also independently moving IgD
      molecules on their surface. Since it is known that in the majority of chronic
      lymphatic leukaemias (CLL) high numbers of lymphocytes with easily detectable
      membrane IgM can be found, we investigated CLL cells for the presence of membrane
      bound IgD. In all 18 cases studied, high proportions of cells bearing surface IgD
      and IgM could be found. In none of the 18 cases crystalline Ig inclusions could
      be detected.

PMID- 1098376
TI  - Malignant lymphomas of the nervous system.
AB  - In a series of some 7,000 patients with tumors of the central nervous system, 208
      patients (about 3%) had some form of a malignant lymphoma. Slightly less than
      half of these tumors were primary in the brain; the remainder had cranial
      involvement as part of a generalized process. The tumors consisted of Hodgkin's
      disease, lymphosarcomas, reticulosarcomas and plasmacytomas. The brain was
      involved in one of two ways: either as localized tumor masses resembling certain
      gliomas, or as diffusely invasive neoplasms resembling exudative cellular
      inflammatory processes. They had a peculiar predilection for the septum
      pellucidum but occurred also in the cerebral lobes, basal ganglia, brain stem and
      cerebellum. They all produced a fibrillary stroma of reticulin fibers and they
      spread along the perivascular spaces, in the cerebrospinal subarachnoid space, or
      intraventricularly on and beneath the ependymal lining. One type of lymphoma
      often fused into another - thus a single tumor often consisted of Hodgkin's
      sarcoma, lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma. In an addition series of 57 cases of
      spinal cord involvement by malignant lymphomas, there were no instances of a
      primary tumor; all patients had either primary lymphomas of the brain with
      secondary spread to the spinal subarchnoid space, or had spinal cord compression
      as a result of tumor in the vertebrae, the spinal epidural space, or the spinal
      dura. Hence the spinal cord involvement was a secondary manifestation of a
      lymphoma elsewhere. Peripheral nerve involvement by lymphomas resulted in
      destruction of myelin sheaths and axons by tumor cell infiltration and the
      neuropathy was always part of a generalized lymphomatosis.

PMID- 1098377
TI  - Lymphoreticular proliferative disorders of the CNS and other organs: analogies
      and differences.
AB  - Authors review differences between CNS and extraneural reticuloses, and consider
      the immediate threat to life by CNS lymphomas contrasting to other organ
      lymphomas, which usually become fatal only after generalization. Other special
      features of CNS reticuloses include the role of microglial cells, reactive
      astrocytosis, variations in meningeal vs. parenchymatous involvement and easier
      morphologic confusion with inflammatory processes. Analogies exist between CNS
      and extranodal "organ" lymphomas in terms of relatively late or no
      generalization. The entire spectrum of lymphomatous and histiocytic proliferation
      may occur in the CNS, the latter including atypical fibrous xanthomas and
      xanthosarcomas. A further analogy is seen in the presence of lymphocyte and
      plasma cells in cerebral and organ lymphomas that may well represent host defense
      reaction. When present in large numbers they may be responsible for the
      "inflammatory" appearance of some reticulum cell sarcomas of the brain.

PMID- 1098378
TI  - Neoplastic involvement of the CNS in generalized lymphomas.
AB  - In 49 autopsies on patients with generalized malignant lymphomas a thorough
      histological examination of the CNS was performed. Isolated neoplastic foci were
      found in the CNS in 10 cases. It is believed that most of the tumour
      infiltrations in the CNS as a result of neoplastic transformation of local
      mesenchymal cells and are not blood-borne metastases.

PMID- 1098379
TI  - Pathology of primary reticulum cell sarcoma of the human central nervous system.
AB  - Among 6000 consecutive autopsies, 9 cases of primary reticulum cell sarcoma of
      the central nervous system were discovered. There were 5 males and 4 females from
      17 to 68 years old, and the mean clinical duration was 5 months. Gross
      examination revealed a wide range of lesions in the cerebral hemispheres,
      cerebellum and spinal cord. Histologically, the same type of malignant reticulum
      cell proliferation was encountered in every case.

PMID- 1098380
TI  - Primary malignant lymphomas of the central nervous system in man.
AB  - Sixty-eight primary malignant lymphomas of the CNS exclusively confined to the
      brain and its leptomeninges from a series of about 8000 intracranial neoplasms
      (incidence 0.85%) were examined and classified according to current
      histopathologic criteria. Average age at onset of symptoms was 55 years, mean
      duration of illness to time of diagnosis was 3 months. Survival averaged 1,8
      months with supportive care, but 17,2 months with surgery, radiation and/or
      chemotherapy. CSF cytology was useful and reliable tool for clinical diagnosis.
      The cerebral hemispheres were affected in about 50%, the basal ganglia in 18%,
      posterior fossa in 10%, while multifocal lesions amounted to 22%. All CNS tumors
      were of the diffuse type of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas; no follicular (germinal
      center) lymphomas were observed. Three histological patterns comparable to
      extraneural lymphomas were distinguished: Immunoblastoma (reticulosarcoma)
      occurred most frequently (58.8%), lympho-plasmacytoid immunocytoma constituted 28
      percent, while lymphoblastic lymphoma occurred least frequently (13.2%). There
      were no significant differences with regard to onset, location, growth pattern or
      clinical course except for a much poorer prognosis of lymphoblastic lymphoma.
      Although there are no definite cytological differences between malignant
      lymphomas arising in extraneural sites or as primary lesions in the CNS, the
      latter showed a much greater proportion of phagocyting histiocytes (and
      microglia) and a frequent occurrence of plasmacytes and their precursors which
      apparently exceded pure host reaction. The prognostic value of modern
      classification schemes for CNS lymphomas needs further critical evaluation.

PMID- 1098381
TI  - Bacterial flora of the normal conjunctiva. II. Methods of obtaining cultures.
AB  - The methods used for obtaining bacterial cultures from the normal conjunctiva
      were reviewed. A comparison was made between four methods; a) platinum loop,
      b)calcium alginate swab c) dry, and d) wet cotton wool swab, using agar (all
      methods) and serum-bouillon (methods b, c, d) as culture media. The comparisons
      were based on the isolation rate of Staphylococcus albus and corynebacteria. At
      the same time, four topical anaesthetics (benoxinate, tetracaine, proparacaine,
      cocaine) and one vital stain (tetrazolium - alcian blue mixture) instilled into
      the conjunctiva immediately before taking samples, were studied for their effects
      on the isolation rate of Staphylococcus albus and corynebacteria. For isolating
      Staphylococcus albus, method d was found to be superior to the others when the
      methods were used in the above mentioned order, and when agar was the only
      culture medium used. On the other hand, after instillation of the above mentioned
      eyedrops, causing the so-called "washing-out" effect (Fahmy et al. 1974), method
      a was found better than the others, providing the methods were used in the a-b-c
      d order and when agar only was used. When considering the growth of
      Staphylococcus albus in serum boullion as well, methods b, c, and d were found
      equal in effect, but somewhat superior to a. Corynebacteria showed nearly the
      same isolation rate with all the methods before as well as after the instillation
      of eye drops.

PMID- 1098382
TI  - Directional preponderance, 1942-1974. A review.
AB  - The subject reviewed is the phenomenon of Directional Preponderance (DP), a term
      first proposed in 1942 by Fitzgerald & Hallpike for an abnormality in the pattern
      of the caloric responses found to occur in association with a variety of
      unilateral lesions, both central and peripheral, of the vestibular system. On the
      basis of observations carried out upon a series of human subjects, Fitzgerald,
      Hallpike & Cawthorne (1942) argued that the DP towards the unaffected labyrinth
      which follows unilateral labyrinthectomy is subserved in part by a unilateral
      loss of utricular function--a utricular paresis. Support for the utricular
      paresis hypothesis, as developed in the course of subsequent studies by Hallpike
      and his co-workers is thought to be provided by a substantial body of evidence,
      both clinical and experimental, which has since become available. This is
      reviewed.

PMID- 1098383
TI  - Asymptomatic bacteriuria in schoolgirls. II. Differences in escherichia coli
      causing asymptomatic bacteriuria.
AB  - Three hundred and forty-three E. coli strains isolated from the urine of patients
      with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), symptomatic cystitis, or pyelonephritis were
      analysed with regard to O group distribution and sensitivity to the bactericidal
      effect of normal serum. Strains of O groups 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 16, 18 and 75 were
      found in 31.3% in ABU, in 58.7% in cystitis and in 79.8% in pyelonephritis.
      Spontaneous agglutination was noted in 45.2% of ABU, 6.5% of cystitis and 1.7% of
      pyelonephritis strains. The strains from patients with ABU were significantly
      more sensitive to the bactericidal effect of normal serum than were those from
      patients with symptomatic urinary tract infection. In some patients with
      untreated ABU, changes in the characteristics of the urinary strains isolated
      were noted. The strains tended to become spontaneously agglutinating as well as
      more sensitive to the bactericidal activity of normal serum. The strains found in
      patients with ABU probably had an altered cell wall compared with those found in
      patients with symptomatic infections such that they produce fewer symptoms and
      possibly be less virulent.

PMID- 1098384
TI  - Asymptomatic bacteriuria in school girls. IV Difficulties of level diagnosis and
      the possible relation to the character of infecting bacteria.
AB  - As no method for localization of urinary tract infection has been shown to be
      absolutely reliable, six methods have been run parallelly in a study of 60 school
      girls with asymptomatic bacteriuria caused by E. coli. A poor correlation was
      obtained between "high infection" indicated by bladder washout test and abnormal
      findings of C-reactive protein, sedimentation rate, antibody titres or renal
      concentrating capacity, while findings of parenchymal reduction on the pyelogram
      and reflux on the urethrocystogram were often found within this group. The low
      frequency of abnormal findings of C-reactive protein, sedimentation rate and
      renal concentrating capacity in girls with a "high infection" may be explained by
      the finding that the ABU patients were infected with changed E. coli strains
      probably not able to cause the usual inflammatory reactions. The patients'
      bacteria were found to be less efficient in providing antigen for antibody
      determinations than were standard strains of same O group, indicating a
      difference between strains from ABU patients and standard strains. From the
      battery of tests used it seemed that most of the girls had a bladder infection.
      All tests were normal in 48% of the patients while at least three of the methods
      were abnormal in 12%.

PMID- 1098385
TI  - Pulmonary vascular lesions in chickens following intravenous injections of
      disintegrated cells of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Intravenous injections of disintegrated cells of Escherichia coli in chickens
      were almost constantly followed by extensive lesions in pulmonary arteries; the
      alterations consisted of mural fibrinoid necrosis, sometimes with slight
      intramural occurrence of mononuclear inflammatory cells and eosinophils. Massive
      perivascular accumulations of the same cell types were also very common findings.
      Affected arteries were frequently occluded by precipitates, predominantly
      consisting of the injected material, which were rapidly replaced by proliferating
      endothelial cells, resulting in obliterative lesions, where giant cells sometimes
      occurred. The conclusion was drawn that the arterial lesions could most
      adequately be categorized as hypersensitivity angiitis.

PMID- 1098386
TI  - Influence of thymectomy, transfer of thymus and bone marrow cells and treatment
      with thymosin on the depressed splenic release of lymphocytes into the blood
      after irradiation.
AB  - The content of lymphocytes in blood samples from the splenic vein and the splenic
      artery of guinea pigs was determined and the veno-arterial difference in number
      of cells was used as measure of the net release of cells from the spleen into the
      blood. The splenic release of lymphocytes was reduced after whole body
      irradiation with 300 rad. This reduction could partly be prevented by transfusion
      of bone marrow cells after irradiation, 10(6) cells being the most effective
      dose. In thymectomized, irradiated animals the restoration of the splenic release
      of lymphocytes after irradiation was impaired in comparison with sham-operated
      animals. In the thymectomized animals the transfusion of 10(6) thymus cells had a
      restitutive effect on the splenic release of lymphocytes, while transfusion of
      bone marrow cells or daily treatments with thymosin, alone or combined with
      transfusion of bone marrow cells, had no such restitutive effect. The results
      indicate that restoration of the splenic release of lymphocytes into the blood
      after irradiation is thymus dependent and probably caused by a traffic of
      lymphocytes from the thymus to the spleen.

PMID- 1098387
TI  - Antihypertensive and hypertensive effects of the kidney. Elucidated by treatment
      with medullary transplants and with blockade either of the reninangiotensin
      system or of the prostaglandin biosynthesis.
AB  - After subcutaneous isotransplantation of renal medulla either from normal donors
      or from the ischaemic kidney of renal two-kidney hypertensive rats, the blood
      pressure of the renal two-kidney hypertensive recipients was lowered-but not to
      normal levels. After i.v. injection of the converting enzyme inhibitor SQ 20,881,
      the blood pressure was further decreased to, or close to, normal blood pressure.
      A complete normalization of the blood pressure was obtained by the combined
      treatment with medullary transplants and infusions of the angiotensin II
      inhibitor Saralasin. The difference between the effects of these two blockers was
      probably caused by differences in the doses used. Administration of indomethacin,
      an inhibitor of the prostaglandin biosynthesis, to renal two-kidney hypertensive
      rats with or without renomedullary transplants failed to provoke a rise in blood
      pressure. This indicates that the anti-hypertensive activity of renomedullary
      transplants is not due to the group of prostaglandins, the  synthesis of which is
      inhibited by indomethacin, and furthermore that these prostaglandins are not of
      importance to the blood pressure level in renal two-kidney hypertensive rats.

PMID- 1098388
TI  - For new Escherichia coli o antigens, o158, o159, o160 and o161, and two new h
      antigens, h53 and h54.
AB  - Four Escherichia coli strains were established as antigenic test strains for four
      new o groups, o158, o159, o160 and o161. The strains of o158 and o159 were
      isolated from cases of infantile diarrhoea in Great Britain, while the o160 and
      o161 strains were isolated from faecal specimens in Arabia. The o161 strain was
      at the same time designated as test strain of a new H antigen, H54, while a
      strain belonging to o group 148 was established as antigenic test strain for H53;
      this strain was also isolated from human faeces in Arabia.

PMID- 1098389
TI  - Two new Escherichia coli o antigens, o162 and o163, and one new h antigen, h56.
      withdrawal of h antigen h50.
AB  - Three E. coli strains representing strains from faeces of normal persons were
      established as antigenic test strains of two new O antigens, O162 and O163, and
      one new H antigen, H56.

PMID- 1098390
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of hepatitis b antigen and antibody in dialysis and transplant
      patients.
AB  - 57 dialysis patients, 29 of whom had been exposed to hepatitis in 1968-69, were
      re-examined for hepatitis B antigen (HB-Ag) and antibody (HB-Ab) by means of
      radioimmunoassay (RIA) and counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE). Infected patients
      were followed for five years. Compared to CIE, RIA did not detect additional HB
      Ag-positive patients, but antibody could persistently be detected in seven out of
      fifteen patients previously supposed to have escaped infection. tnine surviving
      HB-Ag-positive transplant patients remained carriers for 50-72 months. None
      developed clinical signs of chronic hepatic failure.

PMID- 1098391
TI  - New immunofluorescence method for the identification of group a, b, c, e, and g
      streptococci.
AB  - An immunofluorescence method for the identification of groups A, B, C, E, F, and
      G beta-haemolytic streptococci has been developed, using FITC-labelled F(ab')2
      fragments of IgG with optimal staining characteristics. The method is useful for
      the rapid confirmation of beta-haemolytic streptococci in cultures; in a blind
      comparison with Lancefield grouping, there was a 97 per cent agreement.

PMID- 1098392
TI  - Microbial growth on agar surfaces studied by incident light differential
      interference contrast microscopy.
AB  - Microbial surface growth on routine opaque agar media was examined by various
      incident light microscopical techniques. Only differential interference contrast
      regularly gave good resolution and contrast. The arrangement of units approaching
      the size of individual bacteria may be judged by low power dry objectives.

PMID- 1098393
TI  - Application of the passive haemolysis test for the determination of rubella virus
      antibodies.
AB  - A passive haemolysis test for the determination of antibodies against rubella
      virus haemagglutinin is presented. According to this method, the principle of
      radial immunodiffusion techinque is applied. Rubella haemagglutinin-coated chick
      erythrocytes in the agarose gel were lysed by the diffusing positive sera of
      complement at 37 degrees C. The passive haemolysis test was compared with the
      conventional haemagglutination inhibition method, and the diameter of the
      haemolysis zones was shown to be a direct measure of the quantity of antibody
      added to the well. A plot of the log (HI titre) against the zone diameter gives a
      straight line. There is no need to remove nonspecific haemagglutination
      inhibitors. However, all serum samples must be inactivated at 56 degrees C for 30
      minutes before testing. Tests of 200 serum samples from healthy women showed a
      good correlation between the haemagglutination inhibition titre and the antibody
      titre determined by the passive haemolysis technique. Twenty-one samples with a
      haemagglutination inhibition titre less than 10 were also negative in the passive
      haemolysis test. With the exception of one, all sera with a positive
      haemagglutination inhibition titre showed a positive haemolysis reaction. The
      method was found to be as specific and as sensitive as the haemagglutination
      inhibition test. In addition, the technique is rapid and simple for quantitative
      studies of antibodies against rubella virus.

PMID- 1098394
TI  - Common enterobacterial antigen in Yersinia enterocolitica.
AB  - Production of the common enterobacterial antigen (CA) by strains of Yersinia
      enterocolitica (Y.e.) serotypes 3 and 9 (Winblad), by strains of 5 different Y.e.
      serogroups (Wauters) and various other bacteria was examined. Antibody against CA
      was raised by immunization of rabbits with E. coli O 14. Extract prepared from S.
      typhimurium was used for the sensitization of sheep erythrocytes with CA.
      Absorption and haemagglutination inhibition experiments showed that CA could be
      detected in heat extracts from all Y.e. strains examined, and in that from
      Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. CA was not detected in extracts from Pasteurella
      multocida, Francisella tularensis, Brucella abortus, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
      or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Anti-CA antibodies could not be demonstrated in serum
      from rabbits immunized with Y.e. bacteria, but were demonstrated in serum from
      rabbits immunized with a CA-containing fraction of the Y.e. extract. The
      possibility of participation of anti-CA antibody in indirect haemagglutination
      tests for detection of antibody to Y.e. O antigens is emphasized.

PMID- 1098395
TI  - Effect of temperature on optical density of rabbit blood in dye dilution studies.
AB  - The optical desity of rabbit blood increased on cooling. This increase was
      additive to the deflection produced by indocyanine green at all concentrations
      measured. If calibration curves were not corrected for any increase in optical
      density produced by cooling the blood, and error (minimum 11%) was introduced in
      the estimation of cardiac output. The effect of temperature was investigated with
      three different densitometers. Its wave-length dependence did not follow the
      absorption spectrum of oxyhemoglobin.

PMID- 1098396
TI  - The effect of spironolactone (Aldactone) and methyldopa in low and normal renin
      hypertension.
AB  - The effect on BP of 100 and 200 mg spironolactone/day has been compared with that
      of methyl-dopa, 750 mg/day, and with combined treatment with both drugs in 32
      patients with essential hypertension. The 28 patients who completed the entire
      investigation were treated for 30 weeks, divided into 4 treatment periods and 4
      placebo periods of equal duration. BP did not fall significantly during the
      initial placebo period, and at the end of each of the intervening placebo periods
      it rose to pretreatment levels. A signifcant decrease in mean BP was found during
      the 4 treatment periods. A fall exceeding 14% was registered in 32% of the
      patients after methyldopa, 750 mg/day, in 50% of the patients after
      spironolactone, 200 mg/day, in 89% after combined treatment with both drugs, and
      in 29% after spironolactone, 100 mg/day. Low renin hypertension was found in 9 of
      the 28 patients. The average decrease in mean BP after sironolactone, 200 mg/day,
      methyldopa, 750 mg/day, and after combined treatment did not differ significantly
      between the low and the normal renin group. The rationale for using diuretics
      such as spironolactone or thiazide as the basic therapy in essential hypertension
      is discussed. It is concluded that both are useful in the treatment of essential
      hypertension and might be used alone or in combination.

PMID- 1098397
TI  - Antihypertensive effect of beta-1 receptor blockade and beta-2-receptor
      stimulation in essential hypertension.
AB  - The antihypertensive effect of practolol, a beta-1-blocker, alone and in
      combination with a beta-2-stimulating drug, salbutamol, has been studied in a
      double-blind cross-over trial on 19 patients. Practolol treatment induced a
      significant BP reduction, while the addition of salbutamol failed to give any
      further decrease.

PMID- 1098398
TI  - Deaths and non-fatal reinfarctions during two years' follow-up.

PMID- 1098399
TI  - Angina pectoris, hypertension, decompensation and return to work during two
      years' follow-up.

PMID- 1098400
TI  - Induction of diabetes and oral glucose tolerance tests during and after chronic
      beta-blockade.

PMID- 1098401
TI  - The impact of August Krogh on the insulin treatment of diabetes and our present
      status.
AB  - The influence of August Krogh on the introduction of insulin preparations in
      Scandinavia is mentioned, and his outstanding physiological background is
      outlined. Developments in preparation of insulin depending on the progress in
      protein-chemistry are summarized. The latest step in the purification of insulin
      extracted from pork pancreas now allows treatment of diabetics with protamine
      pork-insulin without causing formation of insulin-antibodies in at least 90 per
      cent treated with insulin through several months. In only 3 out of 51 diabetics
      was it possible to demonstrate insulin-antibodies. This new step may be of great
      interest in two ways 1) it is now possible to make insulin-estimations in the
      plasma of insulin-treated cases and 2) it will be possible to find out whether
      elimination of insulin-antibody-formation will reduce the degree of vascular
      lesions in diabetics, such lesions being the greatest problem in clinical
      diabetes.

PMID- 1098402
TI  - Effect of hypothermia and endotoxin on phagocytosis.
AB  - Experiments with colloidal 198Au indicated that gold clearance highly decreased
      in rabbits cooled to 29-30 degrees C. The capacity of storing colloidal gold
      decreased especially in the spleen and liver. Endotoxin reduced the gold
      clearance in normothermic rabbits; the decrease was more marked in hypothermic
      animals.

PMID- 1098403
TI  - Study of Escherichia coli O114 associated with a hospital outbreak.
AB  - Escherichia coli O114 strains isolated from infants in the course of a hospital
      outbreak of enteritis were identical with type strain 26W in antigenic structure
      (O114:K90a, 90b), and in immunoelectrophoretic pattern (ORSKOV's group 1Bb) but
      differed from it in fermenting salicin late (18-22 days) and in phage pattern
      (group A4); the strains produced colicin and were lysogenic. Pathogenicity of the
      organism was proved by IgM type antibodies in a patient's serum rising in a titre
      of 1:128 and by its enterotoxin-producing capacity shown by the rabbit ileal loop
      assay.

PMID- 1098404
TI  - The mutagenic effect of pesticides on Escherichia coli WP2 try.
AB  - Thirty pesticides commercially available in Hungary and three well-known chemical
      mutagens were applied to agar plate cultures of her+ and her- derivatives of
      Escherichia coli WP2 try- strain. After incubation, the plates were examined for
      a relative increase in reverse mutation number. N-Trichloro methylthio-1,2,3,6
      tetrahydrophthalimide, dimethyl-3,2-dichlorovinyl-phosphate and N-trichloro
      methylthiophyhalamide proved to have definite mutagenic activity.

PMID- 1098405
TI  - Mutants of Escherichia coli excreting deoxyribonucleases.

PMID- 1098406
TI  - Macromolecular synthesis during conjugation in yeast.
AB  - Morphological changes and synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein during conjugation of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied. It was found that during conjugation
      distinct cell expansion and increase in the dry mass of the cell takes place. DNA
      synthesis is inhibited during mating while synthesis of RNA and protein is not
      affected. Conjugation of temperature sensitive mutant defective in elongation of
      DNA chain was normal both in permissive and restrictive temperature. Conjugation
      of mutants defective in the initiation of DNA synthesis or defective in RNA and
      protein synthesis was inhibited in restrictive temperature. The results obtained
      with temperature sensitive mutants suggest that RNA and protein synthesis is
      necessary for mating reaction while DNA synthesis is not required.

PMID- 1098407
TI  - Specificity and origin of the Mod2- mutation which restores respiratory
      sufficient phenotype in some pet mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - It has been found that Mod2- mutation restores respiratory sufficient phenotype
      in cytochrome b less mutant MB127-20C. Mod2- gene when present in the same
      haploid cell with mutant gene pet25 causing deficiency in cytochromes a+a3 and b
      seems to be responsible for reappearance of cytochrome b in the cytochrome
      spectrum as well partial respiratory activity. However, the restored respiratory
      activity seems to be inefficient as growth on unfermentable carbon sources is
      still impossible. Evidences are presented that the Mod2- mutation originates from
      respiratory sufficient strain 18-27 in which op1 mutation has been induced.

PMID- 1098408
TI  - Comparison of mutagenic efficiency of decay of 32P incorporated in E. coli WP-2
      and E. coli WP-2S cells.
AB  - 32P-labeled Escherichia coli WP-2 and Escherichia coli WP-2S cells were stored at
      minus 196 degrees. The lethal effect induced by 32P decay was equal in both
      strains. Lethal efficiency of 32P leads to 32P transmutation in DNA amounted to
      0.046. Reversion try leads to try+ were induced with a ten times higher
      efficiency in UV--sensitive strain WP-2S, as compared with strain WP-2.

PMID- 1098409
TI  - Detection of the high-risk patient for sudden death.

PMID- 1098410
TI  - The use of high-pressure liquid chromatography in pharmacology and toxicology.

PMID- 1098411
TI  - Interaction of concanavalin A with the surface of virus-infected cells.
AB  - Infection of untransformed cells with a wide-range of non-oncogenic enveloped
      viruses causes a significant increase in their susceptibility to agglutination by
      concanavalin A (Con A). The increased Con A agglutinability of these cells is not
      caused by an increase in the number of Con A sites on the cell surface but
      involves alteration in the surface properties of infected cells to allow
      redistribution of Con A receptors to form "patches" following binding of Con A to
      the cell surface. Similarities between Con A-mediated agglutination of normal
      cells infected with non-oncogenic viruses and the agglutination response to cells
      transformed by oncogenic viruses will be reviewed. Finally, the use of Con A as
      an experimental tool to modify the replication and cytopathogenicity of non
      oncogenic viruses grown in mammalian cells will be presented.

PMID- 1098412
TI  - Effects of concanavalin A on cellular dynamics and membrane transport.
AB  - How does Con A affect the cellular dynamics and cellular transport of various
      substances? It has been observed that following a 30 minute incubation with Con A
      (20-66 mug/ml) the tumor cells (Anaplastic carcinoma Type 15091a), unlike the
      normal cells, gradually retract their pseudopodia, take on a rounded shape and
      lose their motility. The maximum rounding of tumor cells takes place during the
      period of 200-250 min following the withdrawal of Con A from the incubating
      medium. All of these rounded cells later develop their regular pseudopodia. A
      partial synchrony of cell division is also observed. Associated with the rounding
      effect, there is a decrease in the rate of uptake of some specific amino acids by
      the tumor cells. The maximum reduction in the uptake coincides with the stage of
      maximum rounding. Con A also affects some of the electrical properties of tumor
      cells. In addition, the incorporation of radioactive thymidine into the nuclei is
      reduced to a much larger extent than can be accounted for by the reduction in the
      rate of entry of thymidine into cytoplasm. The saturation densities of both
      normal and tumor cells are not significantly altered by Con A. Tumor cells
      treated with Con A (chronically or acutely) are equally as potent as the
      untreated cells in yielding solid tumors when the host animals are injected with
      these cell subcutaneously. In conclusion, it is suggested that while Con A does
      not revert or destroy this particular line of tumor cells, this lectin has some
      interesting selective effects on the morphology and transport properties of tumor
      cells.

PMID- 1098413
TI  - Concanavalin A and other lectins in the study of tumor cell surface organization.
AB  - Cell surface structures of two mouse ascites tumors were studied using lectins.
      The tumors are sublines of the spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma TA3 in strain
      A, differing in two main characteristics. Subline TA3-St grows only in syngeneic
      mice and has high expression of H-2 antigens. Subline TA3-Ha, in contrast,
      proliferates in all mouse strains, and has low amounts of exposed H-2 antigens.
      Concanavalin A (Con A), phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and Helix pomatia anti A
      hemagglutinin (HP) were used in agglutination tests, in binding experiments with
      125I-labelled lectins and also in fluorescence studies with FITC-labelled
      lectins. Con A and PHA agglutinated the TA3-St cells but not the TA3-Ha cells.
      However, fluorescein-labelled Con A and PHA were bound to all cells (greater than
      90%) of both sublines. Moreover both cell types contained an identical number of
      Con A receptors. The same result was obtained when the number of PHA receptors on
      the two sublines was compared. HP agglutinated TA3-Ha cells but not TA3-St cells.
      However, in this case, the difference in agglutinability between the lines was
      due to the presence or absence of HP receptors. All TA3-Ha cells contained large
      numbers of HP receptors. In contrast the majority (greater than 90%) of the TA3
      St cells lacked HP receptors. (See article.) Trypsin released the HP receptors
      from TA3-Ha cells, at the same time making these cells agglutinable by both Con A
      and PHA. We conclude that the Ta3-Ha cells have a trypsin sensitive surface
      glycoprotein (or glycoproteins) detectable by HP, which is absent on most TA3-St
      cells. It is possible that this glycoprotein interferes with the agglutinability
      of TA3-Ha cells by Con A and PHA; whether it is also responsible for the low
      expression of H-2 alloantigen on this cell remains to be seen.

PMID- 1098414
TI  - Effect of concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin on the modification of
      immunogenicity of canine kidney allografts.
AB  - Mongrel dog kidneys were allografted to unrelated nephrectomized recipients which
      were then treated with subimmunosuppressive doses of azathioprine (2.5
      mg/kg/day). Dog kidneys treated in vitro with perfusates containing concanavalin
      A (Con A) or phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA) survived as long as 60 days (mean 39.8 +/
      4.3) after transplantation, whereas normal kidneys survived less than 16 days.
      The optimal prolongation was achieved by perfusing the kidneys with 500 ml
      Ringer's lactate containing 25 mg/L Con A, 25 4 degrees C. Lesser effects were
      achieved with higher or lower concentrations of Con A, or with perfusions carried
      out at 25 degrees C. Most evidence suggests that Con A and PHA bind to cell
      surfaces and interfere with the perception of the graft antigens by the host.

PMID- 1098415
TI  - Evidence for the activation of 3-methylcholanthrene as a carcinogen in vivo and
      asa mutagen in vitro by P1 -450 from inbred strains of mice.
AB  - Genetic differences in aromatic hydrocarbon "responsiveness" exist among various
      mouse strains. New formation of cytochrome P1-450 and the induction aryl
      hydrocarbon (benzo [a ])pyrene) hydroxylase (as well as numerous other
      monooxygenase activities) appear to be associated ultimately with genes that
      cosegregate at a small number of genetic loci. By comparing "responsive" and
      "nonresponsive" siblings, we can evaluate the susceptibility of each individual
      to various mutagenic chemicals in vitro or carcinogenic agents in vivo.

PMID- 1098416
TI  - Regulation of food intake.

PMID- 1098417
TI  - Physiology and biochemistry of mango fruit.

PMID- 1098418
TI  - Formation and control of chlorophyll and glycoalkaloids in tubers of Solanum
      tuberosum L. and evaluation of glycoalkaloid toxicity.

PMID- 1098419
TI  - Role of cell interaction in development of dendritic patterns.

PMID- 1098420
TI  - Pathology of dendrites in subacute spongiform virus encephalopathies.
AB  - The spongiform changes in the cerebral cortex of scrapie mice and of chimpanzees
      afflicted with experimental kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease were examined by
      electron microscopy. The pathognomonic findings consisted of swelling and
      vacuolation of neurons, particularly of dendrites. Fusion of swollen cells and
      processes occurred. The changes were associated with alterations of plasma
      membranes. Curled fragments of membranes accumulated at points of cell fusion and
      at the margin of vacuoles within dendrites. The abnormal membranes were wider and
      more osmiophilic than normal plasma membranes. These findings as well as other
      data on the nature of the atypical viruses of scrapies, kuru, and Creutzfeldt
      Jakob disease indicate that the infectious agents are closely associated with
      membranes and that alterations of neuronal membranes initiate the spongiform
      degeneration of neurons.

PMID- 1098422
TI  - Suture of iris during lens extractions after filtering operation for glaucoma.

PMID- 1098421
TI  - IV. Iris suture and iridopexy.

PMID- 1098423
TI  - Iris defects during keratoplasty.

PMID- 1098424
TI  - IV. Iris suture and iridopexy. Additional casuistics.

PMID- 1098425
TI  - Iris response to suture materials.

PMID- 1098426
TI  - Sutures and iris wound-healing in the baboon.
AB  - This paper reports an experimental study of iris wound-healing and the response
      of iris tissue in baboons to different suture materials following a planned
      surgical incision. The wound was sutured with 8-0 virgin silk, 22 mum Ethilon or
      7-0 chromacised catgut, or left unsutured. The iris produces a minimal
      inflammatory response to aseptic trauma characterised by round cell infiltration,
      clump cell proliferation, pigment cell proliferation from the posterior
      epithelial surface and proliferation of non-pigmented ciliary epithelium (knots).
      This response is associated with microscopic hemorrhages in the iris. There does
      not appear to be any fibrous union of wound edges, instead the wound surfaces
      become lined with a layer of pigmented cells, probably from the posterior
      epithelium. Sutures play the dual role of accurately apposing the wound edges
      and, because there is no fibrous union of iris tissue, of keeping them in
      apposition. Therefore, they must remain in situ permanently. Catgut is poorly
      tolerated by the iris and is eventually absorbed. For these two reasons it is
      unsuitable. Ethilon is the least reactive and virgin silk only slightly more
      reactive. Both of these are suitable for iris suture. The suture material at
      present available is not entirely satisfactory. Finer suture material is required
      to reduce even more the iris response to sutures. Needles, even those supplied
      with Ethilon or virgin silk, are too large and clumsy. The answer to this problem
      probably lies in strengthening and sharpening the suture material ends so that
      they can act as needles.

PMID- 1098427
TI  - Normal and pathological ultrastructure of the human iris; experimental iris
      suture in rabbits and monkeys.

PMID- 1098428
TI  - Retrograft membranes in penetrating corneal transplants.

PMID- 1098429
TI  - Animal experiments on an absorbable synthetic thread made of polyglycolic acid
      (PGA) in corneal surgery.
AB  - Monofilaments of the absorbable synthetic thread Dexon made from PGA have
      properties similar to nylon 10-0. Experiments with intra-lamellar implantation of
      the monofilament in rabbit corneas showed the same good material tolerance as
      nylon 10-0. Perforating corneal wounds were closed with interrupted and running
      sutures from PGA monofilaments, respectively. One week post-operatively,
      increased intraocular pressure caused a wound rupture but not a thread rupture.
      Two weeks post-operatively an increased intraocular pressure of more than 300 mm
      Hg could no longer rupture the wound. Slit lamp and histological examinations
      revealed symptoms of absorption after the second week. According to our findings,
      PGA monofilaments may be suitable for corneal surgery in patients.

PMID- 1098430
TI  - III. Iridectomy and iridotomy.

PMID- 1098431
TI  - Mineral fibers: chemical, physicochemical, and biological properties.

PMID- 1098432
TI  - A new technique for measuring the consistency of faeces: a report on its
      application to the assessment of Senokotot therapy in the elderly.
AB  - The use of a penetrometer provided a reliable and simple method of measuring
      stool hardness which enabled the stool softening effect of Senokot medication to
      be quantified.

PMID- 1098433
TI  - Urinary transport in transsected and reanastomosed ureters of dogs.

PMID- 1098434
TI  - [In memoriam Mario Damas Mora].

PMID- 1098435
TI  - Long term treatment of steroid dependent asthmatic patients with beclomethasone
      dipropionate.
AB  - In the efforts to avoid the side-effects of the peroral cortisone drugs in the
      treatment of asthma, trials have been made since the early fifties with the
      administration of steroids in aerosol form applied direct on the bronchial
      mucosa. Hydrocortisone as well as prednisolone and dexamethasone have been used
      with a documented effect on the obstruction. However, the drugs were found to be
      resorbed and thus resulted in suppression of adrenal function and appearance of
      Cushing syndrome and other well-known steroid side-effects (12). More recently,
      beclomethasone dipropionate -- a steroid with potent topical activity -- has been
      used as a pressurised aerosol. In 1972 Morrow Brown et al. (1) as well as Lal et
      al. (10) reported a good therapeutic effect with this drug and at the same time
      found evidence for the opinion that its systemic effect, if any, was
      insignificant. Less ositive results were reported by Choo-Kang et al. (4) and
      also by Herxheimer (8), who considered beclomethasone spray not to possess any
      advantages as compared with the earlier steroids. The purpose of the present
      study was to assess the clinical value of beclomethasone in the treatment of
      adult patients previously on long-term oral steroids.

PMID- 1098436
TI  - Radioimmunological evidence for early functional activity in chick embryonic
      alpha cells.
AB  - A radioimmunoassay for glucagon was utilized to investigate early developmental
      aspects of glucagon synthesis and release in the chick embryo. Immunoreactive
      glucagon was detected in both the pancreas and blood plasma from the fifth
      embryonic day onwards. The present data show that the chick embryonic alpha cell
      has the potential for secretory activity very early in development, and suggest a
      developmental role for glucagon in hepatic glycogen metabolism.

PMID- 1098437
TI  - Sensitivities of strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli to cephalexin and
      other antibiotics.
AB  - The sensitivity patterns of strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli to nine
      antibiotics were determined. Most strains were sensitive to gentamicin,
      kanamycin, neomycin, and colistin. Sensitivity to cephalexin was generally
      greater than sensitivity to ampicillin. Compared with sensitivity patterns of
      strains isolated in previous years, no significant change in sensitivity patterns
      of recently isolated strains was detected. All ampicillin-resistant strains
      destroyed the drug by producing beta-lactamase. The activity of this enzyme
      against cephalexin was significantly lower than its activity against ampicillin.
      The role of beta-lactamase, the correlation between its production and resistance
      to beta-lactamase antibiotics, and the similarity between beta-lactamase produced
      by EEC and the classified beta-lactamases produced by other enteric bacteria and
      Escherichia coli, are discussed.

PMID- 1098438
TI  - T-cell lymphoma. Report of a case.
AB  - The morphologic, immunologic, and clinical findings in the case of a patient with
      a T-cell mediastinal lymphoma ((Sternberg sarcoma) are presented.

PMID- 1098439
TI  - Studies of mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation by a semi-microtechnic.
AB  - The authors have demonstrated that mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation can
      be effectively studied in a semi-microsystem allowing multiple studies from  a
      reasonably small volume of blood, which makes the technic more feasible for
      clinical studies of cellular immune mechanisms. The variability among
      individuals, and from day to day in the same individual, makes repeated, careful
      kinetic studies necessary for valid data. Moreover, the very wide range of normal
      responses in man makes the interpretation of cellular hyporesponsiveness
      difficult in pathologic states and necessitates the use of several mitogen
      concentrations and sequential kinetic studies to establish the validity of
      results.

PMID- 1098440
TI  - Differential characterization of the "reticulum cell" in lymphoreticular
      neoplasms.
AB  - Differential characterization of the "reticulum cell" in lymphoreticular
      neoplasms. Am J Clin Pathol. 64: 171-179, 1975. The term "reticulum cell" is
      confusing, having been applied to the cells involved in many hematopoietic
      neoplasms, such as reticulum-cell sarcoma, histiocytic medullary reticulosis,
      leukemic reticuloendotheliosis, and monocytic or histiocytic leukemias. In
      histologic sections, even the cells from poorly differentiated extramedullary
      lesions of chloroma or myeloblastic leukemia have been called "reticulum cells."A
      combined morphologic and cytochemical approach has been used to study "reticulum
      cells"in smears and tissue sections of neoplasms involving "histiocytes" or
      "reticulum cells."The cytochemical markers are: chloracetate esterase for
      neutrophilic granulocytes; nonspecific esterase and fluoride-resistant esterase
      for monocytes and histiocytes (phagocytes); tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
      for the reticulum cells of leukemic reticuloendotheliosis; pyronin for the
      lymphatic reticulum cells (germinal center cells). The morphology of these cells
      is very well appreciated in smears, and the locations of these marked cells in
      tissue sections are easily recognized. The use of cytochemical and immunochemical
      methods and functional studies, in addition to simple morphology, may be useful
      in subclassification of lymphoreticular neoplasms.

PMID- 1098442
TI  - Letter: Computer-assisted interpretation of thyroid function results.

PMID- 1098441
TI  - Cutaneous infection due to a rough variant of Mycobacterium marinum.
AB  - Spreading lesions clinically resembling lymphangitic sporotrichosis developed on
      the right arm and chest of a 60-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
      Acid-fast bacilli were seen in exudates from lesions and in biopsies, and were
      cultured from them. The isolant grew initially as a yellowish-orange
      scotochromogen on Lowenstein-Jensen medium at room temperature and at 35 C., but
      failed to grow at 37 C. It failed to grow on 7-H-10 medium. On repeated
      subculturing over a 2-year period it gradually converted to a photochromogen.
      Histologically, there was ulceration with extensive acute and chronic
      inflammation with fibrosis. Organisms occurred intracellularly as dense, compact,
      cigar-like packets resembling lepara bacilli. The appeared to have a predilection
      for the nucleus. The patient was anergic to PPD S, B, Y and G, and lacked
      antibodies to BCG phosphoglycolipids. The mycobacteriosis was alleviated by
      combined INH and ethambutol therapy. The isolant was identified as a rough
      variant of Mycobacterium marinum. It may have been transmitted by an insect
      vector.

PMID- 1098443
TI  - Letter: Precautions in autopsies on Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

PMID- 1098444
TI  - Letter: Antinuclear antibodies-clinical significance of the nuclear
      immunofluorescent patterns.

PMID- 1098445
TI  - Enteropathogenicity of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1098446
TI  - Enteroinvasive and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Occurrence in acute diarrhea
      of infants and children.
AB  - The abilities of Escherichia coli to induce diarrhea by enterotoxin production
      and by intestinal cell penetration have not been explored simultaneously in
      children with diarrheal disease. In this study, we investigated 36 infants and
      children with acute diarrhea and 17 healthy controls. From each patient's rectal
      swab culture, E coli colonies were tested for enterotoxin production by
      intragastric inoculation in suckling mice and screened for cell penetration with
      HEp-2 cells. Colonies showing invasiveness in HEp-2 cells were further tested by
      inoculation into guinea pig conjunctivae. Salmonella or Shigella strains were
      isolated from 42% of the patients with diarrhea. Enterotoxin-producing strains of
      E coli were found in 86% of the diarrhea group and in 41% of controls. Strains
      with capability to invade epithelial cells were found in 30% of the diarrhea
      group and in 12% of controls. In seven patients, E coli strains demonstrated both
      enterotoxin production and invasiveness. In an overall view, considering
      Salmonella, Shigella, and enteroinvasive or enterotoxigenic E coli, a possible
      etiologic agent was demonstrated in 94% of infants with diarrheal disease.
      However, the high frequency of enterotoxigenic strains in healthy controls
      suggest that in some patients with diarrhea there may be a coincidental carrier
      state with diarrhea actually due to another cause.

PMID- 1098447
TI  - Osteogenesis imperfecta. Review of the literature with presentation of 29 cases.
AB  - Twelve families with 29 patients showing various patterns of osteogenesis
      imperfecta are described, along with the genetic, pathological, and clinical
      features. No abnormal blochemical features were found. It has been shown that the
      best treatment is prophylactic (such as intramedullary nailingy or supportive.
      There was no remarkable improvement from any form of medical treatment. These
      data are compared to those of other authors.

PMID- 1098448
TI  - Duodenal microflora: a prospective study in pediatric gastrointestinal disorders.
AB  - Culture of the duodenal microflora was performed on 96 infants and children with
      a variety of gastrointestinal disorders. The resident microflora consists
      predominantly of oral-type microorganisms such as alpha-Streptococci and
      Neisseria. A fecal-type microflora was found in all 6 infants with post-surgical
      diarrhea and temporary monosachcaride intolerance; 4 of 22 patients with
      protracted diarrhea of infancy, 3 of 22 patients with celiac disease, and none of
      32 patients with nonspecific diarrhea or 14 others with miscellaneous disorders.
      Anaerobic microorganisms were seldom isolated. Only 9% of the duodenal cultures
      were completely sterile, although a further 17 had a quantitative culture less
      than 5 times 10(4) microorganisms/ml. Small-bowel contamination with fecal-type
      microorganisms is associated with stasis and disturbance of the normal
      peristaltic-clearing mechanism. Duodenal culture is essential in any infant with
      temporary monosaccharide intolerance. It is occasionally useful in other
      situations where motility may be disturbed.

PMID- 1098449
TI  - A controlled trial of azathioprine in Crohn's disease.
AB  - To determine the efficacy of azathioprine in the treatment of Crohn's disease, a
      26-week double-blind trial was performed. 20 patients with Crohn's disease,
      requiring at least 10 mg of prednisone/day over the 3 months prior to entering
      the study were randomized into placebo (10 patients) and major criterion of
      success in the trial. There were 7 relapses in the placebo group (5 patients) and
      2 relapses in the azathioprine group (2 patients). Complications including
      fistulae were not affected by the medications. The mean reduction in steriod
      dosage in the azathioprine group at the end of the trial (-15.5 mg) was greater
      than in the placebo group (-6.1 mg). These results suggest that azathioprine may
      permit reduction or discontinuation of steroids without the worsening of symptoms
      in some patients who appear to require steroids for control of their symptoms.
      The clinical features of this "AZA-responsive subgroup" remain to be defined.

PMID- 1098450
TI  - Quantitation of intestinal-tissue layers from their histology.
AB  - A line-sampling technique was applied to microscopic histology of human peroral
      small-intestinal biopsies to quantitate the relative proportions of the tissue
      layers. In healthy individuals the villus epithelium formed 41--46%, the crypt
      epithelium 20--26%, and the lamina propria 34% of the mucosa. In gluten
      enteropathy the villus epithelium formed 7%, crypt epithelium 43%, and lamina
      propria 50% of the mucosa. In individuals suffering from chronic diarrhea with
      malabsorption, the percentages of the tissue components were intermediate between
      those of healthy individuals and those with gluten enteropathy. The validity of
      the technique was tested in male and female rats with different intestinal size.
      In adjacent segments, the actual weight of the scraped mucosa and that of the
      underlying tissues correlated very well with their corresponding weights
      estimated from the microscopic histology, using the line-sampling technique. The
      intestinal-tissue layers quantitated were the villus epithelium, crypt
      epithelium, the lamina propria + muscularis mucosae+submucosa, and the
      muscle+serosal coats.

PMID- 1098451
TI  - An introduction to the work of William Farr.

PMID- 1098452
TI  - Colonization of intensive care unit patients with gram-negative bacilli.
AB  - A prospective study of 64 patients admitted to a medical intensive care unit and
      86 patients admitted to a surgical intensive care unit was done to determine the
      frequency of pharyngeal, intestinal, and tube site colonization with Gram
      negative bacilli. Studies were carried out over a 13-week period. The pharyngeal
      carrier rate among the surgical patients increased by a total of 34 strains
      compared to 14 strains among medical patients. Similarly, the intestinal carrier
      rate increased by 35 strains compared to 12 strains. The increased carriage in
      surgical patients was related more to the presence of indwelling tubes and
      colonization of multiple sites in the same patient than to the use of
      antimicrobial drugs. Pharyngeal and rectal colonization in medical patients was
      related to antibiotic therapy. Indwelling tubes were used predominately in
      surgical patients and were a significant reservoir of these organisms.

PMID- 1098453
TI  - Practical problems in collaborative clinical trials.

PMID- 1098454
TI  - Letter: A small memorial.

PMID- 1098455
TI  - Differentiation alloantigens, histocompatibility loci, and birth defects.

PMID- 1098456
TI  - Glomerular lesions after renal transplantation.
AB  - Significant changes in glomeruli on light microscopy has been observed in 27 of
      109 cadaveric renal allografts which functioned beyond 6 months. Tissue was
      available for study from all but two allografts. The histologic lesions were
      classified as follows: recurrent glomeruloneophritis, 9 cases (3 focal scierosis,
      2 mesangial immunoglobulin A[IgA] disease, 2 mesangiocapillary
      glomerulonephritis, 1 dense deposit disease, 1 familial nephritis); de novo
      glomerulonephritis, 1 case (diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis with
      crescents); and glomerular change of uncertain etiology, 17 cases (10
      mesangiocapillary, 5 focal scierosis, 1 focal proliferative and 1 mesangial
      proliferative). These lesions were not distinguishable on light, fluorescent and
      electron microscopy from those in patients with spontaneous renal disease. All
      patients with glomerular lesions had proteinuria, and all but 3 had microscopic
      hematuria. Glomerular lesions were not significantly associated with early
      clinical rejection episodes or HLA compatibility. Presensitization of HLA
      antigens was significantly related to the occurence of a nonrecurrent glomerular
      lesion. Vescoureteral reflux was significantly more frequent in those with
      glomerular change (14 of 24) than in those without (13 of 48). Glomerular lesions
      were associated with a higher rate of graft loss due to renal transplant failure;
      renal function in survivors was significantly worse than in those without
      glomerular lesions.

PMID- 1098457
TI  - Chronic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. A patient with recurrent
      episodes simulating rheumatic fever and acute nephritis.
AB  - A most unusual case of chronic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with
      nodule formation is reported in an elderly man in whom it was possible to
      document many episodes of acute oilguric and hemorrhagic glomerulonephritis and a
      syndrome resembling acute rheumatic fever. Severe renal failure necessitating
      peritoneal dialysis occurred on three occasions. Renal function returned to near
      preexacerbation levels in each episode. Although there was strong clinical
      evidence for streptococcal hypersensitivity, convincing laboratory documentation
      was lacking. The histologic and immunopathologic findings changed comparatively
      little during the several exacerbations. Impairment in fibrinolytic and
      coagulation activities by circulating macromolecular complexes is postulated for
      the induction and perpetuation of the glomerular injury.

PMID- 1098458
TI  - Cardiac amyloidosis. Diagnosis by transvenous endomyocardial biopsy.
AB  - Endomyocardial tissue, obtained from two patients presenting with restrictive
      cardiomyopathies, demonstrated amyloid infiltration. The percutaneous transvenous
      cardiac biopsy technic, using a modified Konno-Sakakibara cardiac bioptome, was
      safe and quick. Physical examination and catheterization data may not provide a
      definite differential diagnosis between restrictive and constrictive myocardial
      disease. Confirmation by biopsy of the cardiac amyloidosis assisted in providing
      optimum diagnostic and therapeutic care for these patients.

PMID- 1098459
TI  - Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Progression from the pure form to the
      crescentic form with recurrence after transplantation.
AB  - Described are the clinical course and renal morphologic findings in a patient
      with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. intially, the patient had a pure
      form of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis but after a 3 year course, it
      became crescentic. After a renal allograft was performed, membranoproliferative
      glomerulonephritis recurred within 1 month in a pure form and subsequently
      developed into the crescentic form. This change occurred in the host kidney as
      well as in the allograft immediately after immunosuppressive and steroid therapy
      was discontinued.

PMID- 1098460
TI  - The flow capacity of the thoracic duct-venous junction.

PMID- 1098461
TI  - Serological reactions to Nocardia antigens.
AB  - Sera from 23 patients with nocardiosis were tested for the presence of
      precipitating antibodies against an extract of Nocardia asteroides. Sera from
      nine of 20 patients infected with Nocardia asteroides and one of three sera from
      patients with Nocardia brasiliensis produced one to three precipitin lines with
      the antigen. Sera from eight of 55 patients with tuberculosis and 11 of 13
      patients with leprosy also contained Nocardia precipitins. None of 33 sera from
      patients with cryptococcosis, blastomycosis, actinomycosis, histoplasmosis,
      coccidioidomycosis, mucormycosis or candidiasis contained Norcardia antibodies.
      None of the sera from ten patients infected with Staphylococcus aureus, ten
      patients infected with Pseudomonas, or 16 sera from uninfected patients contained
      Nocardia precipitins.

PMID- 1098462
TI  - Repeat Marshall-Marchetti procedure for recurrent stress urinary incontinence.
AB  - Thirty-six patients with recurrent stress incontinence had undergone a total of
      109 previous procedures, at least one of which had been a Marshall-Marchetti
      Krantz (MMK) operation. At the time of operative dissection, it was apparent that
      most of these patients had had an "alleged" MMK operation with no evidence of
      adhesion or scarring in the periurethral and vesical neck regions. With the
      transvesical approach, accurate assessment of the tone and quality of the bladder
      neck and the proximal urethra is possible. This approach also provides an
      opportunity to "see and feel" the effect of the properly placed periurethral and
      suspending suture. Thirty-two of 36 patients are continent after repeated
      suspension augmented by plication and bladder revision

PMID- 1098463
TI  - Computer diagnosis of labor progression.
AB  - Abnormal labor has been suspected of being inherently delectorious to the fetus. 
      In order to explore this problem, clinical factors, labor progress, and fetal
      monitoring parameters were compared in matched groups of high-risk patients whose
      fetuses were in theoccipitoposterior (0P) and occipitoanterior postions.  The OP
      group showed significant excesses of dysfunctional labor aptterns, uterine
      contraction pattern abnormalities, and late and variabl fetal heart rate
      decelerations not accounted for by theuse of oxytocin or the presence of cord
      problems.  In OP labor, lower Apgar scores were associated withasignificant
      excess of preceding fetal heart rate decelerations independant of operative
      delivery.  This study suggests that neonatal depression in OP laboris related to
      intrapartum factors preceding delivery and provides direct support for theconcept
      that abnormal labor may adversely affect the fetus.  The OP position is an
      indication for close fetomaternal supervision during labor.

PMID- 1098464
TI  - Neonatal perforation of the colon.

PMID- 1098465
TI  - Management of infertility resulting from anovulation.
AB  - Recent methods for induction of ovulation in the woman are described. The only
      indication for use of these medications is induction of ovulation and pregnancy.
      In properly selected patients, the success rate is quite high, but treatment has
      undesirable side effects which occasionally may be severe.

PMID- 1098466
TI  - Successful induction of follicular maturation and ovulation by prolonged
      treatment with LH-releasing hormone in women with anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Four women with anorexia nervosa were treated with synthetic LH-releasing hormone
      (LRH) in an attempt to induce ovulation. All the women had very low pretreatment
      levels of gonadotropins and estrogens. Administration of LRH resulted in
      significant gonadotropin increases. The FSH response to LRH in relation to the LH
      response was higher than in regularly menstruating women. LRH (500 mug) was
      administered parenterally three times daily over about 4 weeks. During this
      period there were no significant effects on mood, eating behavior, weight, or
      libido. All the women responded with follicular maturation and ovulation to the
      prolonged LRH treatment.

PMID- 1098467
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. Practical directions, shewing a
      method of preserving the perinaeum in birth, and delivering the placenta without
      violence.

PMID- 1098468
TI  - The incidence of retinal detachment after penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - Of 610 penetrating keratoplasties reviewed, retinal detachments did not occur
      after any phakic graft, or after aphakic or combined (keratoplasty and cataract
      extraction) procedures unless these were associated with vitreous manipulation. A
      5.4% incidence of retinal detachment occurred after keratoplasty that involved
      vitrectomy. The resultant detachments had a poor prognosis probably because of
      delayd diagnosis and difficulties in visualization. Vitreous manipulation,
      therefore, may be essential to graft clarity but it is hazardous.

PMID- 1098469
TI  - Keratoplasty wound separations.
AB  - Forty cases of partial or full-thickness corneal wound separtions after
      penetrating keratoplasty comprised three groups. One group of separations
      occurred before suture removal, due to technical problems encountered at surgery
      or increased intraocular pressure, or both. Most separations occurred immediately
      after suture removal and may be the most preventable. The third group of
      separations occurred long after suture-removal and may not be associated with
      obvious trauma. About 50% of all wound separations caused graft failure, but
      patients with fullthickness wound separations had a worse prognosis for visual
      acuity recovery. Of those grafts that failed after wound separation and were
      retransplanted, there is a good chance of visual recovery. In our series,
      fullthickness wound separations or partial wound gape occurred in about 5.7% of
      our transplant cases. With delay of suture removal associated with a more
      adequate clinical means of evaluating wound healing, this number may be
      decreased.

PMID- 1098470
TI  - Coagulation and platelet adhesion-inducing factor in the endothelium of the
      retinal vessels.
AB  - By means of an immunofluorescent technique, we found factors promoting blood
      coagulation and platelet adhesion in the intima of retinal vessels. These factors
      coexisted with other agents causing the opposite process, fibrin dissolution. The
      components of this vascular hemostatic balance are possibly involved in the
      thrombotic occlusion of the retinal vessels, their canalization, and in the
      pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

PMID- 1098471
TI  - Computerized axial tomography in the detection of orbital space-occupying
      lesions.
AB  - Of 41 patients we examined for a suspected primary orbital tumor, 25 patients had
      evidence of a lesion either histologically, angiographically, or surgically. We
      examined nine of the 25 patients by means of an EMI-Scanner and 16 by a fine
      matrix addition (160 times 160 cells), and compared these results to those we
      received by axial tomography, orbital venography, and B-scan ultrasound. We also
      compared the absorption values of the recorded tumors. The EMI-Scanner had a
      diagnostic accuracy of 84%; orbital venography, 84%; axial hypocycloidal
      tomography, 71%; and ultrasound, 76%. The fine matrix scanner gave a preoperative
      diagnostic rate of 93% and defined optic nerve abnormalities accurately. However,
      EMI, scanning should complement existing noninvasive procedures and orbital
      venography.

PMID- 1098473
TI  - Repair of cicatricial entropion of the upper eyelid.
AB  - The disparity in vertical length between the skin muscle lamellae and the
      tarsoconjunctival lamellae in cicatricial entropion of the upper eyelid secondary
      to contracture of the transconjunctival layer was corrected by a
      transconjunctival incision allowing the eyelid to straighten. The resultant
      defect in the tarsoconjunctival lamellae was corrected by means of a bare scleral
      graft 20% larger than the defect in the eyelid. The graft was allowed to
      epithelialize spontaneously and was not covered with mucuous membrane.

PMID- 1098472
TI  - Evaluation of intraocular lens fixation in pseudophakia.
AB  - I developed my own lens designs after analyzing the reasons for failure of
      previous designs. The iris clip lens and the capsular lens are supported by the
      iris and by the capsular membrane, respectively, the former having minimal and
      the latter having nearly no contact at all with intraocular tissues. A comparison
      between the iris and capsular membrane as support for an intraocular lens favor
      the capsular membrane.

PMID- 1098474
TI  - Editorial: Outstanding achievement award for the alumni and alumnae of the
      University of Minnesota Medical School.

PMID- 1098475
TI  - Hyperacute renal allograft rejection in the primate. Intrarenal effects of
      heparin and associated net release of factor VIII activity and kallikrein
      activation.
AB  - Two groups of specifically presensitized Macaca speciosa monkeys received renal
      allografts via anastomosis to an indwelling arteriovenous (A-V) shunt. One group
      was pretreated with heparin (2 mg/kg) intravenously and the other was also
      treated with constant heparin infusion (1 mg/kg/hr) directly into the renal
      artery. These studies were performed to evaluate the effects of heparin within
      the kidney on total and compartmental blood flow, complement (C3) levels,
      sequestration of formed elements, and activation of the coagulation,
      fibrinolytic, and kinin-forming systems during the initial 3 hours of hyperacute
      rejection. The results are compared with those previously reported in unmodified
      control allografts. Heparin prolonged blood clotting time to infinity, markedly
      prolonged total renal venous blood flow, and normalized compartmental
      distribution in both groups despite antibody deposition similar to that in
      controls. With heparin pretreatment only, initial morphologic injury was much
      reduced but then progressed rapidly. Marked initial cortical cyanosis with
      mottling appeared to change constantly and was associated with fluctuations in
      renal turgor, total blood flow, and sequestration of formed elements, all of
      which suggested repetitive local cortical arterial spasm and incremental
      destruction of the grafts. Activation of coagulation Factors II and XII was also
      revealed and marked net Factor VIII activity was observed in the venous effluent.
      The latter reflects either formation and release of this factor by the injured
      kidney, or provides in vivo documentation of the "hyperactivation" of Factor VIII
      by thrombin known to occur in vitro. The addition of intrarenal artery heparin
      infusion resulted in greater improvement in early total blood flow rates and more
      uniformly progressive cyanosis and loss of turgor, but the diffuse initial
      morphologic injury suggested more uniform perfusion of injured areas. Intrarenal
      consumption of C3 and sequestration of formed elements was similar to that in
      controls. Paradoxically, prompt activation and consumption of all coagulation
      factors, plasminogen, and prekallikrein were observed, but formed fibrin was
      sparse. The exess amount of Factor XIIa present during heparin blockade may have
      been diverted to production of plasminogen activator and kallikrein formation.
      The enormous numbers of neutrophils observed within vessels of grafts which
      showed the greatest kallikrein activation provide the probable in vivo
      demonstration of the chemotactic properties of kallikrein noted by others in
      vitro. Heparin-induced platelet aggregation may have played an important role in
      the failure of these grafts. These studies elucidate the intrarenal effects of
      heparin during hyperacute rejection and again suggest that vasoconstriction is
      the most important early determinant of graft failure, as blood flow appeared
      unrelated to the degree of vascular injury and apparent obstruction. Also,
      heparin may exer a beneficial effect on blood flow by other than its known action
      on coagulation.

PMID- 1098476
TI  - A possible autoimmune parathyroiditis following ozone inhalation. II. A
      histopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunofluorescent study.
AB  - Histologic, ultrastructural, and immunofluorescent changes in the parathyroid
      glands of rabbits have been studied after 48 hours of ozone inhalation at a
      dosage of 0.75 ppm. The frequent changes observed included hyperplastic
      parathyroiditis followed by capillary proliferation and leukocytic infiltration.
      The progressive cytologic events consisted of the presence of eosinophilic
      leukocytes, reticuloendothelial and lymphocytic infiltration, disaggregation of
      the parenchyma, and interstitial edema. The ultrastructural changes consisted of
      degeneration of nuclei, atrophy of the mitochondria, dilatation and atrophy of
      the endoplasmic reticulum of the chief cells of the parathyroid gland,
      proliferation of the venous limb of the capillary network, and the prominent
      interstitial elements. The immunofluorescent techniques revealed positive
      immunologic response. These data suggest that ozone inhalation perhaps triggers
      an immune reaction which causes inflammatory injury to the parathyroid gland. The
      possibility that the modified functional chemical groups of the parathyroid gland
      act as autoantigen is discussed.

PMID- 1098477
TI  - Lioresal (baclofen) treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis.

PMID- 1098478
TI  - Comparative anatomy of the larynx in man and the chimpanzee: implications for
      language in Neanderthal.
AB  - Using the larynges of the newborn human and chimpanzee as models, Lieberman and
      Crelin ('71) and Lieberman, Crelin and Klatt ('72) have reconstructed the larynx
      of the "classic" Neanderthal La Chapelle aux Saints. The authors used their
      reconstructed vocal tract to generate linguistic functions which led them to
      conclude that Neanderthal lacked the ability to produce fully articulate human
      speech. In this paper, it is shown that their reconstruction of the larynx of
      Neanderthal is based on a placement of the hyoid bone of La Chapelle which is too
      high. The reconstructed hyoid bone of La Chalpelle which is too high. The
      reconstructed hyoid bone has been placed in a position unlike that occupied by
      hyoid bones of newborn humans, adult humans, stillborn chimpanzees or adult
      chimpanzees. In any laryngeal reconstruction, the function of swallowing must be
      taken into account. The ability of the reconstructed Neanderthal to swallow is
      discussed in light of a comparative analysis of swallowing in man and the
      chimpanzee. It is concluded that the statement that Neanderthal was less than
      fully articulate remains unsubstantiated because it rests on a questionable
      reconstruction of the larynx.

PMID- 1098479
TI  - Genetic, acclimatizational and anthropometric factors in hand cooling among North
      and South Chinese.
AB  - The left hands of unacclimatized North Chinese (N=16) and South Chinese (N=13)
      were exposed to 5 degrees C water for 30 minutes followed by a 10 minute recovery
      period. Significant differences independent of body composition were found
      between the two samples on mean 30 minute temperature during immersion, time and
      temperature of the onset of initial CIVD (cold-induced vasodilation) at 0.01,
      0.05 and 0.10 levels respectively. The result suggests the presence of a genetic
      component in the cold responses of Continental Asian populations and the
      possibility of the presence of a clinal distribution of cold response in Asia.

PMID- 1098480
TI  - Arthritis in the prehistoric Southeastern United States: biological and cultural
      variables.
AB  - Recent research shows that a bacterial life form, Erysipelothrix insidiosa, can
      produce rheumatoid arthritis in deer, swine, and dogs, and that a number of
      animals, including man, birds, and fish, may be infected by the organism.
      Examination of the archaeological record suggests that both cultural and
      biological variables may be interrelated in the maintenance of some forms of
      arthritis over long periods of time in geographically disparate populations. Re
      examination of Cherokee folk beliefs concerning arthritis suggests that they had
      some recognition of this connection, and it also suggests that they had some
      recognition of this connection, and it also suggests that the term "magical" may
      relate more to the world view of the observer than to any actual inability of
      preliterate peoples to draw causal relations on the basis of their own intimate
      knowledge of their environments.

PMID- 1098481
TI  - Cobalt inhibition of insulin secretion and calcium uptake by isolated rat islets.
AB  - Cobalt (Co'++) inhibited glucose-, leucine-, and K'+-induced immunoreactive
      insulin (IRI)release by isolated rat islets.  This inhibition of the
      insulinotropic effect of glucose was dose dependent, affected both phases of
      secretion, was very rapid, and was well reversible.  It exhibited a kinetics
      similiar to that of Ca'++ omission, and the metal (2.5 mM) prevented Ca'++
      reintroduction from restoring a normal rate of IRI release.  Theophylline (2 mM)
      partially overcame the inhibitory effect of 0.5 mM Co'++, but not that of 2.5 mM.
      Glucose-induced secretion was lessmarkedly reduced by 0.5 mM Co'++ in the
      absence of Mg'++ or in the presence of 7.5 mM Ca'++.  Even at 12.5 mM, the metal
      did not alter glucose oxidation by theislets.  By contrast, Ca uptake by islet
      cells was reversibly diminished (55%) in the presence of 1.25 mM Co'++.  Calcium
      influx (measured after 2.5 min) was aslo reduced by Co'++ to a degree that did
      not change after longer incubation periods.  It is concluded that Co'++ inhibits
      IRI release mainly through an antaognistic action on Ca entry in beta cells.

PMID- 1098482
TI  - Secretin effect on gastrin, gastric secretion in dogs with chronic antral
      stimulation.
AB  - Antrocolic transposition in four dogs with Heidenhain pouch and
      gastrojejunostomyresulted in a marked increase in fasting plasma gastrin
      concentration and sustained highacid secretion, closely related to gastrin
      levels.  A marked production of pepsin output could not be correlated with plasma
      gastrin.  Reduction in plasma gastrin concentration was more than twofold less
      pronounced than the reduction in acid output for 1 and 2 U/kg-h, while the 0.5
      U/kg-h no effect was noted.  For both acid output and gastrin concentrations,
      close correlations were noted between presecretion level and remaining level upon
      secretin infusion.  Despite the reduction in the secretory volume of the pouch,
      0.5 and 1 U/kg-h of secretin induced a 1.5- and 2-fold increase in pepsin output,
      respectively.  Two untis per kilagram-hour decreased the secretory volume as well
      as the pepsin output.  If the physiological release of secretin in dogs does not
      exceed the equivalent of the lowest dose studied, our results would indicate that
      acid inhibition is a physiological activity of secretin, while the effect on
      circulating gastrin concentration seems to be phamacological.

PMID- 1098483
TI  - Psychiatry and the elderly: an overview.
AB  - The author notes that the elderly in our society have not been provided with
      treatment, research, and services commensurate with their needs. These needs are
      reflected in the increasing incidence of psychopathology, suicide, and poverty
      with increasing age. The psychiatric profession's therapeutic nihilism toward the
      elderly may reflect unresolved countertransference issues that result in a form
      of prejudice called "ageism." Many of the conditions labeled "senility" are
      actually manifestations of socioeconomic or medical problems that could be
      resolved with prompt, appropriate treatment. The author makes several
      recommendations--the creation of a multidisciplinary nongovernmental commission
      on mental health and illness of the elderly, reexamination by psychiatrists of
      their attitudes toward the elderly, and proportionate representation of older
      individuals in psychiatric services, training, and research.

PMID- 1098484
TI  - A study of transsexuals seeking gender reassignment.
AB  - The authors report the results. of a computerized psychodiagnostic assessment of
      19 males and 1 female seeking sex-reassignment surgery. The most pervasive
      finding was hysterical personality trend (13 of 20 cases). Twelve patients
      exhibited psychotic trends: 6 showed psychotic thinking on test scores, and 6
      received computer-preferred diagnoses of paranoid or schizoid personality.
      However, most of these 12 patients were not considered psychotic on interview,
      and those who had sex-reassignment surgery had good results

PMID- 1098485
TI  - Depression: a historical overview.

PMID- 1098486
TI  - Female playwrights of the eighteenth century: shaping the marketplace of love.

PMID- 1098487
TI  - The case of the consumptive conductor, or public health on a streetcar: A.
      centennial tribute to Alfred F. Hess, MD.

PMID- 1098488
TI  - Rapid computerized lung volume determination from chest roentgenograms.

PMID- 1098489
TI  - Massive development of amebas in the large intestine. Fedor Aleksandrovich Lesh
      (Losch).
AB  - Fedor Aleksandrovich Lesh (Losch) 1840-1903. Although Losch was a distinguished
      Russian physician, little has been written about him in English. A graduate of
      the Medico-chirurgical Academy in St. Petersburg (1863), he defended a doctoral
      thesis on pulmonary embolism and infarction in 1866, and became an assistant
      professor of medicine in 1871. From 1872 to 1885 he was a lecturer on diagnosis
      at the Women's Medical College and a consultant to the Nikolayev Military
      Hospital. In 1885 he became Professor of Diagnostic Medicine at Kiev University
      where he remained until his retirement in 1897. In 1870, Losch found Balantidium
      coli in the stools of two patients and made a detailed study of the clinical
      aspects of balantidiasis. In the same year he described in detail Giardia lamblia
      and Blastocystis hominis. Altogether, he published some 20 papers on the
      diagnostic and clinical aspects of various diseases, with special emphasis on the
      microscopic aspects of coprology. It was in 1875 (exactly 100 years ago) that
      Losch, in this monumental paper, reported the clinical aspects of recurrent
      intestinal amebiasis, identified and described its cause, Entamoeba histolytica,
      and produced the disease in an experimental animal. This work on amebiasis was
      completed while he was assistant professor at St. Petersburg, on the wards of
      Prof. E. Eichwald. Clinicians will cherish the description of the patient's
      symptoms; protozoologists must be delighted by the description of the parasite
      and its motility; experimentalists will be nervous about his luck in infecting
      one of three dogs; and iconoclasts must derive satisfaction from Losch's caution
      in not automatically assigning a direct causal relationship between the presence
      of the parasite and the disease.

PMID- 1098490
TI  - Observations on malaria in Indonesian timor.
AB  - Malaria parasitemias were found in 35% of 520 individuals from a village in
      Timor, Indonesia. Plasmodium falciparum accounted for 80% of infections. The
      existence of P. ovale in Timor is reported for the first time. The WHO Standard
      Field Test for drug resistance did not reveal significant resistance of P.
      falciparum or P. vivax to chloroquine.

PMID- 1098491
TI  - Application of the indirect fluorescent antibody method in a study of malaria
      endemicity in Mato Grosso, Brazil.
AB  - Four surveys of malaria endemicity were conducted in the Cuiaba Sector of Mato
      Grosso State, Brazil, at 6-month intervals during the period April 1970 to
      September 1971; during April 1970 a survey was also conducted in the Campo Grande
      Sector. Over 4,000 dual specimens--blood films for parasite diagnosis and filter
      paper blood spots for determination of fluorescent antibody (IFA) response--were
      collected from the general population, including school populations whenever
      possible. Parasitologic examinations yielded positivity rates ranging from 0.8 to
      2.3%. In the Cuiaba Sector, sero-positives (larger than or equal to 1:20) ranged
      from 9.3 to 13.6%; in the survey in the Campo Grande Sector only 4.3% of the
      specimens were positive. There was an expected increase in IFA response with age
      in both the proportion of positives and mean maximum titers. In the Cuiaba
      surveys 75 to 91% of the maximum positive responses were to the Plasmodium
      falciparum antigen, while in Campo Grande only 46% of the maximum titers were for
      P. falciparum. The wide differences in malaria endemicity observed within the
      Cuiaba Secctor were attributed to differences in climate, geography, and degree
      of development of the several regions. A study of surveillance reports from 1966
      through the survey dates revealed that the high rates of infection seen often
      resulted from detection activities in the larger cities and probably represented
      cases imported from endemic areas to the north and west. In order to interpret
      accurately the endemicity of malaria in an area and, thus, determine the
      necessity for introduction or continuation of control measures, thorough
      epidemiologic studies are necessary. The addition of a serologic method to normal
      surveillance can increase the accuracy of interpretation.

PMID- 1098492
TI  - Development of antibodies to Plasmodium vivax as measured by two different
      serologic techniques.
AB  - Sera from individuals infected with Plasmodium vivax were tested for the presence
      of malarial antibodies using the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) and the
      indirect hemagglutination (IGA) tests. The primary infection resulted in the
      conversion of all sera to a positive response in the IFA test, whereas only 50%
      gave a positive IGA response. There was a direct relationship between the
      duration of the primary parasitemia and percentage giving positive IGA response.
      Relapse resulted in high level positive IFA and IGA responses.

PMID- 1098493
TI  - Pathogenesis of acute avian malaria. IV. Immunologic factors in nephritis of
      acute Plasmodium gallinaceum infections of chickens.
AB  - Study of urinary waste of chickens with acute Plasmodium gallinaceum malaria
      indicated that serum proteins of the globulin and albumin classes were passed.
      Protein extravasation did not begin until globulin-associated serum antigen and
      its antibody were detected in the blood. Both serum antigen and antibody were
      found in the wastes for as long as the antigen was present in the blood. Extracts
      of kidney tissues contained serum proteins that were not present in extracts from
      normal kidneys, and serum antigen and its antibody were both present. Frozen
      kidney sections reacted strongly with fluorescein-conjugated antibody to serum
      antigen, showing diffuse granular immunofluorescence characteristic of immune
      complex nephritis. Sections from chickens with nephritis induced by injections of
      malarious plasma also showed deposits of extravasated antigen. The experiments
      suggested that complexes of serum antigen and antibody served as a permeability
      factor, or activated other permeability factors and may have caused the
      glomerulonephritis associated with acute avian malaria. The passing of serum
      proteins in the urinary wastes after chickens had recovered from acute malaria
      suggested that persisting damage may have resulted.

PMID- 1098494
TI  - Soil survival of toxoplasma oocysts in Kansas and Costa Rica.
AB  - Toxoplasma oocysts in cat feces were marked with a tracer amount of strontium-85
      (85-SR), and were superficially buried simulating the natural disposal of feces
      by cats. Oocyst infectivity in Costa Rica was followed qualitatively and
      persisted for 1 year in three shaded sites, two moist, and one relatively dry
      site. Oocyst infectivity was quantitated in the Kansas deposit over a period of
      18 months, including two winters. After initial mixing in soil, the level of
      infectivity remained fairly stable. Infectivity was recovered, probably from the
      surface on one Musca, several isopods, and earthworms. These data on persistence
      of Toxoplasma oocysts in soil support the concept that Toxoplasma infectivity in
      nature may be increased logarithmically by cats.

PMID- 1098495
TI  - Rifampin therapy of lepromatous leprosy.
AB  - Patients with borderline-lepromatous (BL) or fully lepromatous (LL) leprosy were
      treated in the sanitarium for approximately 1 year with oral rifampin (600 mg
      daily) or with oral dapsone (100 mg daily). They were then treated as outpatients
      with intramuscular acedapsone (225 mg every 12 weeks) or oral dapsone (50 mg
      daily). They have now been followed for a total of 28 to 34 months. Death of
      Mycobacterium leprae during the initial 24 weeks was monitored by mouse
      inoculation with M. leprae from skin punch biopsy specimens. With rifampin
      therapy, death of M.leprae occurred rapidly, and viable M. leprae were nearly
      undetectable by the time the first specimen was taken after the start of
      treatment, at 4 weeks. With dapsone therapy, death of M. leprae was slower, and
      in some cases the inoculation results were still positive at 12 weeks. The
      therapeutic response during the period of outpatient treatment has been
      satisfactory. The number of dead M. leprae, as measured by the bacterial index in
      skin smears and the number of acid-fast bacteria in skin specimens, has continued
      to decrease, and clinical progress has been satisfactory. The measured drug
      induced death of M. leprae occurred at about the same rate in BL patients as in
      LL patients. Disappearance of dead M. leprae from the tissues was much more rapid
      in BL patients than in LL patients.

PMID- 1098496
TI  - Acedapsone (DADDS) treatment of leprosy patients in the Karimui of Papua New
      Guinea: status at six years.
AB  - Acedapsone (DADDS), a repository sulfone given by injection five times a year,
      has been used since 1967 for the treatment of all leprosy patients in the
      Karimui, an area of diffic-lt access. More than 460 patients have been treated,
      336 beginning in November 1967 and continuing through the latest assessment 6
      years later. The injections have been well received and they have been
      administered very regularly. Clinical observations were begun before 1967, as a
      base-line of assessments was available for the patients whose disease appeared
      before that time. The response to DADDS therapy has been satisfactory except in 5
      of the 28 multibacillary patients in whose smears solid-staining Mycobacterium
      leprae have reappeared. M. leprae was isolated in mice from three of these
      patients; one strain has been proven to be completely susceptible to dapsone
      (DDS), and the other two very probably are. DDS levels in the plasma of these
      five patients were normal and well above the minimal inhibitory concentration.
      The most probable explanation is that a few viable M. leprae survived in the
      presence of inhibitory concentrations of DDS for the 4 to 6 years during which
      dead bacilli were disintegrating and disappearing from the tissues. The other 23
      multibacillary patients responded satisfactorily. The decrease in the number of
      M. leprae in the skin smears has been most prompt in patients with low initial
      bacterial loads and in those with borderline lepromatous diagnoses. A high
      initial bacterial load and a fully lepromatous diagnosis were associated with a
      slow initial loss of M. leprae in the 1st year, followed by a more rapid loss the
      next year. All of the multibacillary patients have now been treated by the
      addition of a 90-day course of rifampicin.

PMID- 1098497
TI  - Simian hemorrhagic fever: Studies of coagulation and pathology.
AB  - Simian hemorrhagic fever (SHF) was induced in three species of monkeys (Macaca
      mulatta, M. radiata and M. fascicularis) using plasma from animals that died with
      SHF in the 1967 outbreak at the California Primate Research Center. The disease
      was uniformly fatal in all three species with death occurring by day 5 in M.
      radiata and M. fascicularis and by day 7 in M. mulatta. Serial studies of
      hemostasis were consistent with the occurrence of disseminated intravascular
      coagulation, particularly in the M. mulatta. Studies of pathology were typical of
      previously reported findings in SHF and support the possibility of intravascular
      coagulation. The role of intravascular coagulation in the pathogenesis and
      outcome of SHF remains uncertain but studies of the influence of heparin on the
      disease are in progress.

PMID- 1098498
TI  - Natural infections of Anopheles albimanus with Plasmodium in a small malaria
      focus.
AB  - Entomologic surveys conducted in a small village in an area of known high malaria
      transmission in El Salvador yielded a high rate of infection in Anopheles
      albimanus collected inside houses in which cases of malaria had occurred. Of 324
      specimens dissected, 12 were found to harbor sporozoites or oocysts. This is in
      contrast to prior reports of extremely low infection rates in collections of this
      species from malarious areas, and suggests that under some circumstances A.
      albimanus does meet the criteria of an effective malaria vector.

PMID- 1098499
TI  - Amodiaquine resistant falciparum malaria in Thailand.
AB  - Amodiaquine cured 38% (13/34) of patients with falciparum malaria in Southeast
      Thailand. Chloroquine cured 0% (0/13). The cure rates with amodiaquine were the
      same whether a 1.5 g or 2.0 g course was used. Most patients were resistant to
      amodiaquine at the RI level and to chloroquine at the RII level. In hospital,
      amodiaquine cleared parasitemia more frequently than did chloroquine. With the
      2.0 g course of amodiaquine, the parasite clearance time was 77 hours; the fever
      clearance time of 36 hours was low and suggests that amodiaquine does not cause a
      drug fever. Because of resistance, chloroquine should not be used for falciparum
      malaria in Thailand. Routine use of amodiaquine is not indicated because more
      effective drugs are available.

PMID- 1098500
TI  - Emergence of La Crosse virus from endemic foci. Fluorescent antibody studies of
      overwintered Aedes triseriatus.
AB  - The frequency and distribution of La Crosse (LAC) virus overwintering in Aedes
      triseriatus diapause eggs were studied during 1974 by following 64 tree-hole
      oviposition sites in four enzootic hardwood forest areas. A direct fluorescent
      antibody technique, adapted for detection of LAC virus in individual mosquitoes,
      proved to be a rapid, reliable and economical tool for ascertaining true field
      infection rates. Virus was found in larvae from each of the four study areas
      before the seasonal emergence of adults and detected in 10 (0.6%) of 1,698
      individually processed adults reared from collected larvae. In one of these study
      areas, all 12 located tree-holes were enclosed with screen before the seasonal
      emergence of adults, to ensure that all collected from these sites originated
      from overwintered eggs. Of 1,280 Aedes triseriatus processed from this area
      throughout the season, 16 (1.2%) contained virus. Isolates were found in
      overwintered Aedes triseriatus throughout the summer months, demonstrating the
      role of these tree-hole sites as foci for both overwintering and continuing
      summer season source of LAC virus in these forested areas.

PMID- 1098501
TI  - Simplified technic for orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat.
AB  - A new surgical procedure has been developed to simplify the difficult, complex
      technic of orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat that we previously
      described. This procedure eliminates the hepatic artery anastomosis and
      specifically changes the sequence of anastomoses of the vena cava and portal vein
      to minimize splanchnic congestion and hepatic ischemia. This has simplified and
      shortened the operation and has eliminated the need for an extracorporeal
      portosystemic shunt. Seventy-two per cent operative survival was achieved in
      fifty-seven orthotopic liver transplantations. This simplified technic of
      orthotopic liver transplantation in the rat can be applied widely to studies of
      liver physiology, immunologic rejection, and liver preservation.

PMID- 1098502
TI  - Prolongation of pancreatic allograft survival by 5-fluorouracil.
AB  - Recipient survival in canine pancreatic allotransplantation was significantly
      prolonged when animals were treated with 5-fluorouracil in combination with low
      dose azathioprine. Untreated dogs and those receiving only azathioprine survived
      for only short periods of time, and pancreatitis was frequently encountered. In
      contrast, animals treated with 5-fluorouracil were protected from pancreatitis
      and survived an average of almost three weeks.

PMID- 1098504
TI  - Presidential address: The road to wisdom--fifty years of a proud heritage.

PMID- 1098503
TI  - Biology of infections of split thickness skin grafts.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to identify determinants of split thickness skin
      graft infection. The bacterial count of the experimental wounds was proportional
      to the incidence of infection in split thickness skin grafts. When the wound was
      heavily contaminated with 107 organisms, infection developed under most grafts.
      Graft take frequently occurred in wounds subjected to a lower level of inoculum.
      The importance of bacterial counts as a determinant of potential skin graft
      infection was also suggested by a clinical study. We now routinely use
      quantitative bacterial counts to identify the granulating wounds that are ready
      for grafting. The type of organism played no significant role in the development
      of infection.

PMID- 1098505
TI  - Release of immunoreactive gastric inhibitory polypeptide (IR-GIP) by oral
      ingestion of food substances.

PMID- 1098506
TI  - Early detection of acute rejection in renal allografts using radioiodinated
      autologous fibrinogen.
AB  - 131I-labeled autologous fibrinogen was used to detect acute renal allograft
      rejection in the early postoperative period. Ratios of radioactive counts over
      transplanted kidneys to those over the heart increased with deposition of
      radioactive fibrinogen in kidneys undergoing rejection. The test was positive in
      all instances of acute rejection twelve to twenty-four hours prior to clinical ro
      biochemical changes. False-positive test results were noted in instances of
      perinephric hematoma, seroma, and wound abscess and in one patient with urinary
      tract infection. The test was negative in cases of renal failure secondary to
      acute tubular necrosis, uric acid nephropathy (in the absence of acute
      rejection), and chronic rejection. This test is simple, rapid, and practical. It
      can be performed at the bedside and is free from complications, particularly
      serum hepatitis.

PMID- 1098507
TI  - Spectrum of cholangitis.
AB  - Of 402 patients admitted with biliary disease over the last three years,
      cholangitis has been diagnosed in 36. This represents an 8.8 per cent overal
      incidence and a 33.8 per cent incidence among patients who have undergone
      operation or manipulation involving the common duct. Based on this experience, a
      program of prophylaxis and treatment of cholangitis has been devised with special
      emphasis on the management of elderly patients in the initial postoperative
      period.

PMID- 1098508
TI  - Enzymatic dissolution of phytobezoars.
AB  - A review of phytobezoars is presented, emphasizing medical treatment using
      enzymatic dissolution for bezoar located in the gastric pouch. Clinical and in
      vitro studies show the efficacy of both papain and cellulase, and it is suggested
      that, since each acts on a different component of the bezoar, they be
      administered in combination. There were no complications with this treatment in
      the patients reported in this series.

PMID- 1098509
TI  - A review of the oral microbial flora and its relationship to periodontal disease.

PMID- 1098510
TI  - Louis Pasteur and his researches.

PMID- 1098511
TI  - [Experimental candida keratitis. Histological, immunological and electron
      microscopical studies (author's transl)].
AB  - Using histological, immunohistological and electron microscopical methods, it
      could be demonstrated that the course of experimental Candida albicans keratitis
      in mice invlves three phases: a traumatically caused alternative phase is
      followed by a granulocytic exsudative phase and finally by a proliferative phase.
      The experiments were followed over 41 days. Fungal elements could be detected
      only during the first 4 days after infection. When topically treated with
      hydrocortisone, the exsudation of leucocytes was diminished and delayed and the
      cellular proliferation was reduced considerably in the challenged corneal stroma.
      A lower number of Candida organisms was found in the cornea when treatment with
      hydrocortisone was combined with the antifungal drug pimaricin. When treated with
      pimaricin only however, fungal growth and inflammation were least apparent.

PMID- 1098512
TI  - Prostaglandins -- a review.

PMID- 1098513
TI  - Professor Stanislaw Pokrzywnicki, M.D. Doctor of Medicine (Honoris Causa) of the
      Medical Academy in Poznan.

PMID- 1098514
TI  - Professor Vladimir Alexandrovitch Negovski, M.D. Doctor of Medicine (Honoris
      Causa) of the Medical Academy in Poznan.

PMID- 1098515
TI  - Rapid freezing of deep cerebral structures for electron microscopy.
AB  - A method is described for the investigation of deep cerebral structures by freeze
      substitution. The head of a mouse is sectioned in a guillotine-like apparatus.
      The exposed surface is subjected to freeze-substitution. Electron micrographs
      prepared from this material exhibit under a layer of sheared tissue, a layer of
      tissue comparable with that observed previously in micrographs of the cerebral
      and cerebellar cortices subjected to freeze-substitution of their natural
      surfaces. By varying the plane in which the head is sectioned any structure in
      the brain can be made accessible to freeze-substitution.

PMID- 1098516
TI  - The influence of function on chondrogenesis at the epiphyseal cartilage of a
      growing long bone.
AB  - In order to study the behaviour of epiphyseal cartilage in a nonfunctional
      environment, the third metacarpal bone was transplanted intracerebrally as an
      isograft between 7-day-old litter-mate rats. Host animals were killed 1, 2, 3, 4,
      5, 6 weeks post-operatively, and the cellular kinetics evaluated by means of
      tritiated thymidine autoradiography. The study was also used to compare the
      effects of function on chondrogenesis at the epiphyseal cartilage with that
      previously demonstrated for the condylar cartilage of the mandible (Meikle,
      '73a). Transplantation resulted in three major changes in the cartilage; there
      was a decreased rate of proliferative activity in the cell columns; the cartilage
      failed to maintain a satisfactory increase in transverse diameter; the cells of
      the perichondrium differentiated into osteoblasts instead of chondroblasts.
      Autoradiographic and histological findings suggested that the inability of the
      cartilage to increase in transverse diameter was related to the decreased rate of
      proliferative activity in the cell columns and not to the cessation of
      perichondrial chondrogenesis. On the basis of these findings two conclusions can
      be made. 1. Extrinsic mechanical stresses associated with function appear to be
      necessary for the normal interstitial growth of epiphyseal cartilage during
      postnatal development, suggesting that functional activity can influence the rate
      of cell proliferation. 2. Functional activity provides the stimulus for the
      differentiation of perichondrial cells into chondroblasts.

PMID- 1098517
TI  - The pediatric anesthetist, 1950-1975.

PMID- 1098518
TI  - Neonatal cardiorespiratory physiology.

PMID- 1098519
TI  - Fluid balance in the newborn.

PMID- 1098520
TI  - Resuscitation of the newborn.

PMID- 1098521
TI  - Pediatric intensive care.

PMID- 1098522
TI  - The child and the operating room.

PMID- 1098524
TI  - A Double-blind crossover trial of pseudoephedrine and triprolidine, alone and in
      combination, for the treatment of allergenic rhinitis.
AB  - In a double-blind crossover trial of pseudoephedrine 60 mg and triprolidine 2.5
      mg, alone and in combination, on 40 volunteers suffering from allergic rhinitis,
      both drugs were found superior to placebo in reducing the effects of allergic
      rhinitis and were of equal efficacy. The combination tablet was consistently
      better than either drug in several of the assessments and was the treatment which
      the subjects, as a whole, preferred. Side effects were not a problem with any of
      the medications.

PMID- 1098523
TI  - Outpatient pediatric anesthesia.

PMID- 1098525
TI  - Stepping stones in allergy. Chapter VI (Continued). The many faces of allergy.
      Part II.

PMID- 1098526
TI  - Exercise-induced bronchospasm: evaluation of albuterol aerosol.
AB  - Albuterol aerosol was compared with isoproterenol and placebo in a double-blind,
      cross-over study in 12 asthmatic children. A significant increase in mean peak
      expiratory flow rate 15 minutes after albuterol inhalation persisted for at least
      five hours after treatment. Inhalation of albuterol one hour before treadmill
      exercise inhibited exercise-induced bronchospasm.

PMID- 1098527
TI  - Specificity of an immunofluorescent test for identification of type specific
      ragweed antibodies.
AB  - An immunofluorescent test using ragweed pollen grains for identification of
      immunolglobulin type-specific rag weed antibodies is described.  The test
      measured effectively antibody specificity produced by immunotherapy with
      Allpyral.  Repeating the test after ragweed inhibition and the use of an
      unrelated pollen grain verified the specificity of the test.

PMID- 1098528
TI  - Development of specific lymphocyte immunostimulation and tuberculin skin
      reactivity in swine infected with Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium.
AB  - Swine infected with Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium were studied for
      development and specificity of lymphocyte immunostimulation and tuberculin skin
      reactivity to purified protein derivatives (PPD) of tuberculins. Lymphocytes from
      infected animals had maximal blastogenic responses to PPD prepared from the
      homologous organisms. The time of appearance of specifically sensitized
      lymphocytes was studied, as was the specificity of skin reactivity. In vitro
      lymphocyte responses of M avium serotype 1-infected swine to M avium serotype 1
      PPD were greater than were the responses of M avium serotype 2-infected swine to
      the same antigen. Results indicate that the specific stimulation of sensitized
      lymphocytes might prove useful in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in swine and in
      differentiating infections due to different serotypes of M avium.

PMID- 1098529
TI  - Pathogenesis of in utero infection: experimental infection of five-week-old
      porcine fetuses with porcine parvovirus.
AB  - Injection of porcine parvovirus (PPV) into the allantoic fluid of 3 or 4 fetuses
      of each of 4 litters of PPV-immune gilts early in gestation (34 to 36 days)
      resulted in fetal maceration and mummification. A high concentration of virus
      demonstrated in many tissues of fetuses collected 1 week after initial
      intraallantoic exposure indicated extensive viral replication. Progressively
      lesser amounts of virus were isolated from tissues of macerated and mummified
      fetuses collected after longer intervals; however, direct examination of many of
      the same tissues by immunofluorescence microscopy revealed masses of viral
      antigen throughout. Abortion was not a sequela of infection of fetuses of immune
      gilts nor was either virus or viral antigen ever demonstrated in maternal
      tissues, including those contiguous with infected fetuses. Intrauterine
      transmission of PPV from fetuses exposed by intraallantoic injection of virus was
      only confirmed for 2 of the 18 littermate controls that were tested.

PMID- 1098530
TI  - Experimentally induced infection of neonatal swine with porcine parvovirus.
AB  - One-day-old pigs were exposed to porcine parvovirus (PPV) and killed at
      postinoculation day (PID) 3 or 7. Signs of illness and lesions were not seen.
      Hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies for PPV were present in the serums of
      pigs killed on PID 7. As detected by viral isolation and immunofluorescence, PPV
      was mainly located in rapidly proliferating tissues. Heaviest concentration of
      viral antigen was in the germinal centers of lymph nodes and lightest
      concentration of antigen was in the central nervous system.

PMID- 1098531
TI  - Factors involved in bactericidal activity of sheep serum.
AB  - The bactericidal activity of blood, plasma, and serum from sheep was measured
      with 3 strains of Escherichia coli. Plasma showed greater bactericidal activity
      than blood or serum for strains O78:K80(B) and Lilly. The antibody-complement
      system of normal serum killed the rough strain, Lilly, but neither antibody nor
      complement alone were bactericidal. Antibody, complement, and an additional heat
      stable cofactor were necessary for killing strain O78:K80(B). Strain 3662 was not
      susceptible to the lethal action of the antibody-complement system. Capsular and
      flagellar antibodies did not appear to play any part in the bactericidal activity
      of serum. There was no relationship between the titer of antibodies to the
      somatic antigen and the bactericidal titer in the immune serums. The antibodies
      necessary for killing the smooth strain of E coli, O78:K80(B), were absorbed with
      the rough strain, Lilly, but not by the other smooth strain, 3662. It is
      suggested that the target antigen of the bactericidal antibody is not the somatic
      antigen, but a rough antigen internal to the O polysaccharide.

PMID- 1098532
TI  - Bactericidal and opsonic activities of normal sheep serum against gram-negative
      bacteria.
AB  - The bactericidal and opsonic activities of normal sheep serum against 9 smooth
      and 4 rough strains of gram-negative bacteria were measured. Three smooth strains
      Escherichia coli 3662, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella gallinarum-were
      resistant to the bactericidal action of normal sheep serum with or without
      complement. Six smooth strains-E coli O78:K80(B), Salmonella arizonae, Proteus
      inconstans, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella stanley, and Salmonella abortus
      equi-were moderately sensitive to bactericidal activity of fresh sheep serum.
      After complement was added, serum heated at 56 C for 30 minutes did not regain
      its bactericidal activity against E coli O78:K80(B), P inconstans, nor S abortus
      equi. Four rough strains-E coli Lilly, Salmonella cholerae-suis, Shigella sonnei,
      and Hafnia alvei-were very sensitive to the bactericidal activity of normal sheep
      serum. Somatic agglutinins were demonstrated in all of the sheep serums against
      all of the bacteria, but this antibody activity was partially destroyed by
      heating at 56 C for 30 minutes. The opsonic activity of normal sheep serum was
      demonstrated in normal mice. In the mouse peritoneal cavity, normal sheep serum
      enhanced opsonic activity against all smooth strains and 1 rough strain of the
      bacteria. The other 3 rough strains were extremely sensitive to the opsonic
      system of normal mice.

PMID- 1098533
TI  - Nurse politician thrives on involvement (Joan Campbell).

PMID- 1098534
TI  - Point source epidemic of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a prosthodontics
      laboratory.
AB  - A cluster of 10 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection involving persons
      working in a prosthodontics laboratory is descrbied.  The pattern indicates a
      point source epidemic.  The suspected mode of spread was a fine-particle aerosol
      generated from abrasive drilling of contaminated false teeth.

PMID- 1098535
TI  - Letter: Roentgenographically atypical Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

PMID- 1098536
TI  - [Intestinal recirculation in the management of experimental short bowel syndrome
      (author's transl)].
AB  - A short bowel syndrome was produced in 33 mongrel puppies less than one month of
      age, by resecting 80% of the small bowel. An end-to-end anastomosis was performed
      in 14 dogs (Group A). Sixteen dogs were reanastomosed by performing an
      isoperistaltic circular intestinal loop, modified from Tanner and Mackby (Group
      B). Three dogs had a circular loop performed using Mackby method, but this
      technique was abandoned because of intraluminal stasis. Long term survival on 18
      dogs was 12,5% for Group A and 57% for Group B. Weight gain on the survivors was
      over 25% higher in Group B. Intestinal transit time was abnormally short only in
      Group A. The loop procedure seems worthy of further clinical trial.

PMID- 1098537
TI  - [Rickets and tetany in the Spanish bibliography of the ninetenth century
      (author's transl)].
AB  - An historical study of the relationship between rickets and tetany through
      publications edited in Spain from 1800 to 1914 is presented. Twelve collections
      of journals, both pediatric and general medical, and likewise Medical Treatises,
      were used. In spite of the recognition of nervous phenomena accompanying rickets
      towards the beginning of the century, the clear relationship between rickets and
      tetany was not recognised until the beginning of this century. The causes of this
      delay are discussed, the main one being the limitations of an anatomoclinic
      mentality. The limited contribution and the low level of information of the
      Spanish author is emphasized.

PMID- 1098538
TI  - [Surgery of vesicoureteral reflux (author's transl)].
AB  - The objective of surgery of vesicureteral reflux is to block the way of urine
      from urinary bladder to the ureter without upsetting normal flux of urine in
      descending sense. Most important techniques used are described from the beginning
      of this surgery until nowadays and specially the Leadbetter-Politano technique,
      which accomplished most essential requirements for the obtention of favourable
      results. Finally special considerations are enumerated to keep in mind in
      treatment of reflux when is associated to other malformations of urinary tract
      like the ureteral diverticule of double ureter.

PMID- 1098539
TI  - [Urinary tract infections presenting with jaundice (author's transl)].
AB  - Ten two to ten weeks old children are presented with urinary tract infection and
      jaundice. In six cases "E. coli" was the causative organism. Laboratory data
      seemed to indicate that hemolisis was an important factor in the pathogenesis of
      jaundice. Treatment with appropriate antibiotics was favorable in all cases.
      Urinary tract infection with bacteriemia and jaundice is probably the most
      frequent cause of jaundice among children of two to ten weeks of age.

PMID- 1098540
TI  - [Treatment of the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome with continuous
      positive airway pressure (author's transl)].

PMID- 1098541
TI  - [Antigenic relationships between "Levinea amalonatica" and "Shigella dysenteriae"
      and "boydii" (author's transl)].
AB  - Twenty-eight strains among thirty-five Levinea amalonatica show O antigenic
      relationships with Shigella as follows: with S. dysenteriae 3 (5 strains), S.
      dysenteriae 4 (1 strain), S. dysenteriae 5 (3 strains), S. dysenteriae 7 (11
      strains), S. boydii 6 (7 strains), and with both S. boydii 15 and S. dysenteriae
      8 (1 strain). These strains do not induce purulent keratogenous conjunctivitis in
      Guinea pigs as Shigella do.

PMID- 1098542
TI  - [A comparison of the serological effects of classical cholera vaccine and of
      purified fraction vaccine, with or without simultaneous yellow fever vaccine
      (author's transl)].
AB  - In order to test whether simultaneously administered cholera vaccine has a
      depressive effect on yellow fever vaccine, a controlled trial was undertaken on
      school-age children in the South-Central Province of Cameroun. In addition to
      this principle objective, the study also permitted a comparison of the
      serological response in subjects vaccinated with classical cholera vaccine and in
      those vaccinated with a purified fraction vaccine, either with or without
      simultaneous yellow fever vaccine. The evaluation was measured by changes in
      vibriocidal antibodies and cholera agglutinins 30 days after vaccination. Only
      subjects without cholera antibodies prior to the study, were included. 1) Results
      obtained by assay of vibriocidal antibodies. It was confirmed that, no matter
      which cholera vaccine was used, the simultaneous administration of yellow fever
      vaccine had no influence on the percentage of subjects showing a significant rise
      in vibriocidal antibodies (4-fold increase in titre) following vaccination. In
      addition, in this study the purified fraction vaccine resulted in a significantly
      higher rate of seroconversion than did the classical vaccine. However, in
      comparison to other studies using classical cholera vaccine, our figures for
      seroconversion after purified fraction vaccine show very little, if any,
      differences. 2) Results obtained by assay of agglutinating antibodies. When
      measured by this method, there was a high frequency of non-reactors to the
      vaccines. This may be attributed to the date of the post vaccination blood
      speciment (30th day after vaccination). It has been shown that agglutinins decay
      rapidly after the 15th day following clinical cholera. Thus, the late date of the
      second speciment after vaccination could explain why we were unable to show any
      difference in the level of agglutinin after either classical or purified cholera
      vaccination. The simultaneous administration of the yellow fever vaccine did not
      influence the titre of agglutinins induced by the classic cholera vaccine. On the
      other hand, using the association, the seroconversion rate as observed on the
      30th day post vaccination was significantly higher than that observed when the
      fraction was administered alone. If one accepts the generally admitted
      specificity of the agglutination reaction after clinical disease, two hypotheses
      can be considered: a) the yellow fever vaccine has an adjuvant effect for the
      production of antibodies induced by the purified fraction vaccine, or b) the
      addition of yellow fever vaccine has a retarding effect on the elimination of the
      agglutinins which, in the natural disease, are rapidly eliminated. Further
      studies to verify these hypothesis should be undertaken.

PMID- 1098543
TI  - Experimental aural cholesteatoma causing bone resorption.
AB  - A series of experiments were carried out on 55 guinea pigs in four groups to
      study the conditions fostering bone resorbin epidermal cysts. The first group had
      free grafts of canal wall skin applied to the cochlea with and without talc
      application. The second group had canal skin flaps applied to the cochlea with
      and without subsequent talc application. The third group had talc applied either
      to the tympanic membrane or on the cochlea. The fourth group had a canal skin
      flap inserted into a mucosal pocket in the bulla. The animals were killed three
      to four months after surgery and the temporal bones were prepared for histology.
      Epidermal cysts were found at the cochlea in 8 of 55 animals. Cochlear fistulas
      were found in 6 of 55 animals. The fistulas were associated with epidermal cysts
      in three cases, otitis media in two cases, and talc granuloma in one case. These
      experiments show that migrating skin attached to a source of epithelium is
      capable of inducing bone resorption. Chronic foreign body granulomas and chronic
      sepsis are also capable of resorbing bone. These three conditions all produce a
      layer of undifferentiated connective tissue containing chronic inflammatory cells
      lying against the resorbing bone.

PMID- 1098544
TI  - Grafting materials and methods in reconstructive ear surgery.
AB  - The evolution of tympanic membrane grafting over the past 20 years has been based
      on biologic tissues of mesodermal origin which contain a collagen matrix. The
      dominant theme of this evolution has been the modification of these collagen
      membranes by physical and chemical agents to achieve a more ideal graft. The
      graft material and the operation should be suited to specific problems. Current
      operative techniques and graft materials are discussed. It is believed that there
      will be continued modification and manipulation of collagen in the future to
      achieve a more ideal graft for tympanic membrane restoration.

PMID- 1098546
TI  - The injuries of four centuries of naval warfare.

PMID- 1098545
TI  - Reconstruction of the open mastoidectomy ear: a six year progress report.
AB  - This report deals with 61 mastoid cavities which were revised or reconstructed
      using homograft techniques over a six-year period. Discussed are the variety of
      homograft procurement techniques and surgical homograft techniques which have
      been abandoned and included in a review of 16 consecutive mastoid revisions
      performed from 1973-1974 utilizing a standard surgical technique.

PMID- 1098547
TI  - Letters from the past. From John Hunter to Edward Jenner.

PMID- 1098548
TI  - In memoriam: Norman Leslie Capener (1898-1975).

PMID- 1098549
TI  - EGG analysis: a history and a prospectus.
AB  - Progress in EGGy has been largely limited to those clinical situations in which
      there are pragmatic associations between observed electrical activity and disease
      processes. Lack of understanding of the functional significances of EEG patterns
      continues to present the major challenge to those who would use computational
      methods to increase our understanding of mental processes.

PMID- 1098550
TI  - Computer-aided instruction in medicine.

PMID- 1098551
TI  - Chemotaxis in bacteria.
AB  - Bacteria swim by rotating their flagella. They alter course by abruptly changing
      the direction of this rotation. The probability of the occurrence of this event
      is biased by chemoreception. The bias depends on the way in which the
      concentration of the attractant or repellent changes with time. Sugars are
      detected as they bind to specific proteins which also play a role in transport.
      The way in which the receptors are coupled to the flagella is not known. The
      coupling may involve changes in membrane potential.

PMID- 1098552
TI  - Muscle filament structure and muscle contraction.

PMID- 1098553
TI  - Computer methods in electrocardiography.

PMID- 1098554
TI  - The emergence and regulation of spatial organization in early animal development.

PMID- 1098555
TI  - Determination of quaternary structure by small angle neutron scattering.

PMID- 1098556
TI  - The application of intensity fluctuation spectroscopy to molecular biology.

PMID- 1098557
TI  - The physical state of diffusible ions in cells.

PMID- 1098558
TI  - Fluorescent probes in nerve membranes.

PMID- 1098559
TI  - Concentration correlation spectroscopy: a new biophysical probe based on
      occupation number fluctuations.

PMID- 1098560
TI  - Antibiotics and membrane biology.

PMID- 1098561
TI  - Biomedical materials.

PMID- 1098562
TI  - Artifical kidneys: problems and approaches.

PMID- 1098563
TI  - Theory, measurement, and application of thermal properties of biomaterials.

PMID- 1098564
TI  - Survival distribution.

PMID- 1098565
TI  - Computer monitoring in patient care.

PMID- 1098566
TI  - An analysis of the structure of tRNA.

PMID- 1098567
TI  - Computers in the clinical pathologic laboratory: chemistry and image processing.

PMID- 1098568
TI  - On the evolution of the physiological model.
AB  - Most of us who have concerned ourselves with models can perceive outlines like
      those above to catalog the future evolution of the expository function of models.
      In the context of a single class of computerized mathematical models of
      respiratory physiology, we can observe at once the burgeoning interest among
      scientists, and the similarities between model activity and the general
      organization of scientific information for use. Although physiological models
      have become quite advanced in their subject control, there is relatively little
      coordinated activity in the mechanization of the purposes and philosophical
      potential of automata. The outlines, however, are visible. An assiduous pursuit
      of the notion of "explanation" by machine is a major evolutionary step next to
      occur. It appears to us that various diagrams similar to Figures 5 or 6 can be
      created and investigated in terms of their relation to the human mind and in
      terms of formalizing rules for traversing from one plane to the next. The
      evolution of models will require program-making programs which can decide when
      and how to aggregate for deductive inference, and how far to penetrate top-down
      for explanation. The rules for identifying "second order" effects must be
      established. The decision to ignore or use these rules will be crucial. These are
      the means whereby the systems are traversed from plane to plane. In a word,
      models need to synthesize the means to ignore, "forget," and gloss over; only
      then will we have useful tools for taking informed action in physiology,
      diagnosis in medicine, or the writing of "scholarly" reviews.

PMID- 1098569
TI  - Interrelation between guanosine tetraphosphate accumulation, ribonucleic acid
      synthesis, and streptomycin lethality in Escherichia coli CP78.
AB  - The effects of streptomycin on the synthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and
      guanosine-3'-diphosphate-5'-diphosphate have been examined in the isogenic
      strains CP78 (rel(+)) and CP79 (rel-). In the absence of the required amino acids
      arginine, leucine, or threonine, streptomycin stimulates RNA synthesis in CP78
      and this stimulation coincides with cell death. However, in the absence of
      histidine, also a required amino acid, streptomycin kills the cells without
      stimulation of RNA synthesis above that which occurs in the absence of
      streptomycin. In all of these instances, guanosine-3'-diphosphate-5'-diphosphate
      levels vary inversely with RNA synthesis, decreasing when a stimulation of RNA
      synthesis occurs. Streptomycin has little effect on guanosine-3'-diphosphate-5'
      diphosphate levels in CP78 in the absence of histidine. Another histidine
      auxotroph, 15 T(-)H(-)U(-) (rel(+)), does show streptomycin-stimulated synthesis
      of RNA which is coincident with cell death. CP79 (rel(-)) is 10 times more
      susceptible to streptomycin than CP78 and streptomycin causes an inhibition of
      the relaxed synthesis of RNA. The greater susceptibility of CP79 may be due to a
      greater initial uptake of streptomycin by CP79.

PMID- 1098570
TI  - Killing and lysis of Echerichia coli in the presence of choloramphenicol:
      relation to cellular magensim.
AB  - Treatment of Escherichia coli K-10 with 100 mug of chloramphenicol per ml for
      periods greater than 30 min leads to progressive lysis and killing of cells. The
      bactericidal action of the antibiotic is dependent on cell growth and physiology;
      only rapidly dividing cells are susceptible to killing; resting or slowly growing
      cells are not. The presence of excess Mg(2+) in the growth medium specifically
      and competitively prevents excretion of macromolecules and cell lysis. However,
      inhibition of protein synthesis and killing of cells still occur even in the
      presence of added Mg(2+). The possible relation of these effects to the mode of
      action of chloramphenicol is discussed.

PMID- 1098571
TI  - Comparison of tetracycline and minocyclie transport in Escherichia Coli.
AB  - Differences between minocycline and tetracycline transport were demonstrated in
      an Escherichia coli strain with and without an R factor (R46) which confers
      moderate Tc resistance. Minocycline uptake was similar in R(+) and R(-)
      organisms, whereas tetracycline uptake was decreased in the R(+) as compared to
      the R(-) organism. Sodium azide had little effect on tetracycline uptake by
      either strain but minocycline uptake was completely inhibited by azide. p
      Chloromercuribenzoate greatly decreased tetracycline uptake in both strains while
      minocycline uptake was markedly augmented. Both minocycline and tetracycline were
      effective inducers of decreased tetracycline transport, but only tetracycline had
      an effect on minocycline uptake. Mutual inhibition of uptake of one antibiotic by
      the other could not be demonstrated. These studies indicate different mechanisms
      of transport of minocycline and tetracycline in E. coli.

PMID- 1098572
TI  - Effects of cis-Dichlorudiammineplatinum (II) and related transition metal
      complexes on Escherichia Coli.
AB  - A number of transition metal complexes, including the cis and trans isomers of
      dichlorodiammineplatinum (II), six complexes of rhodium (I), two of iridium (I),
      and one of ruthenium (II) have been tested for their ability to induce lambda
      prophage, to produce filamentous growth of Escherichia coli, and to be
      selectively toxic for strains with defects in the deoxyribonucleic acid repair
      system. Dichlorotetrakis(dimethylsulfoxide)ruthenium II [RuCl(2) (DMSO)(4)] was
      strictly similar to cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II [cis PtCl(2) (NH(3))(2)] in
      the test for lambda induction, filamentous growth production, and selective
      toxicity for a recA(-) strain. [Rh COD 1,10-phenanthroline](+) Cl(-), though more
      toxic for recA(-) than for rec(+)E. coli, was scarcely effective in the test for
      filamentous growth and did not induce prophage. None of the other tested
      compounds showed any similarity with cis-PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2). Due to the
      interesting results obtained with cis-PtCl(2)(NH(3))(2) as an antitumor agent, it
      seems reasonable to propose RuCl(2)(DMSO)(4) as a potential antitumor substance.

PMID- 1098573
TI  - Salmonella survival on pecans as influenced by processing and storage conditions.
AB  - Survival of Salmonella senftenberg 775W, S. anatum, and S. typhimurium during
      exposure to currently practiced, as well as abusive, pecan processing and storage
      conditions was studied. Thermal treatments normally carried out during the
      processing of pecans are inadequate to consistently destroy salmonellae in highly
      contaminated inshell nuts. Pecan nut packing tissue was toxic to salmonellae,
      thus affording some protection against high initial contamination and subsequent
      survival of the organisms. Examinations of inoculated inshell pecans stored at 
      18, -7, 5, and 21 C for up to 32 weeks revealed that the extent of survival was
      inversely correlated to the storage temperature. S. senftenberg 775W and S.
      anatum were not detectable on inshell nuts after 16 weeks of storage at 21 C.
      Little decrease in viable population of the three species was noted on inoculated
      pecan halves stored at -18, -7, and 5 C for 32 weeks. Due to organoleptic quality
      deterioration in pecan nutmeats at elevated temperatures, sterilization methods
      other than thermal treatment appear to be required for the elimination of viable
      salmonellae from pecan nuts.

PMID- 1098574
TI  - Potential pathogens in the environment: cultural reactions and nucleic acid
      studies on Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical and environmental sources.
AB  - The phenotypic and nucleic acid properties of Klebsiella pneumoniae have been
      studied on cultures obtained from six different habitats (humans, vegetables,
      seeds, trees, rivers, and pulp mills). The 19 cultural reactions of 107 isolates
      varied significantly only in tryptophanase activity and dulcitol fermentation.
      The percentage of guanine plus cytosine base composition of 41 isolates varied
      from 53.9 to 59.2%. The range of percentage of guanine plus cytosine base
      composition for environmental klebsiellas was broader than that for the cultures
      of human origin. The range of deoxyribonucleic acid relative reassociation
      (homology) to the human K. pneumoniae reference strain extended from 5% to 100%
      and the chromosome molecular weights ranged from 2,200 x 10(6) to 3,000 x 10(6).
      The species of K. pneumoniae is thus molecularly more heterogeneous than
      previously thought and most isolates of human, pulp mill, and river origin are
      genetically indistinguishable. The presence of K. pneumoniae therefore represents
      a deterioration of the microbiological quality of the environment and should be
      considered of public health significance. At the present time the health
      significance of the molecularly more divergent strains, primarily of vegetable
      and seed origin, their relationship to klebsiellas of human origin, or to other
      genera of the Enterobacteriaceae is unclear.

PMID- 1098575
TI  - Membrane filter procedure for enumerating the component genera of the coliform
      group in seawater.
AB  - A facile, quantitative, membrane filter procedure (mC) for defining the
      distribution of coliform populations in seawater according to the component
      genera was developed. The procedure, which utilizes a series of in situ substrate
      tests to obviate the picking of colonies for identification, also provides an
      estimate of the total coliform density. When pure cultures of Escherichia coli,
      Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter cloacae were suspended in seawater and
      held at 4 C for 24 h, between 56 and 100% of the cells which grew on nutrient
      agar spread plates at 35 C could be recovered by the mC procedure. Confirmation
      as coliforms of typical colonies from natural samples was about 95%. Assay
      variability was found to be insignificant. The recovery of coliforms from marine
      waters by the mC procedure was comparable to those obtainable by current methods.
      Klebsiella was differentiated by the urease reaction and E. coli by its ability
      to form indole. The confirmation frequencies for colonies designated as
      Klebsiella and E. coli by the in situ tests approached 95% for the former and 98%
      for the latter.

PMID- 1098576
TI  - Kinetics of binding of Co-2+ to apoalkaline phosphatase from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1098578
TI  - Ambroise Pare (1510-1590) and the evolution of the surgical instrumentarium.
AB  - Ambroise Pare (1510-1590) has done pioneer work not only in surgery but also in
      the teaching of surgery. For hemostasis, he reintroduced vascular ligation
      instead of cautery. Moreover, he has improved the surgical instrumentarium. He
      devised the grooved sound for the operation of incarcerated hernias. He also
      developed a method for the treatment of the urinary fistulas which frequently
      occurred as the consequence of the surgical removal of bladder calculi. He raised
      the level of fracture treatment. It was he who introduced the word 'bistoury' for
      the surgical knife.

PMID- 1098577
TI  - Regulatory effects of purine ribonucleotides on Escherichia coli adenylosuccinate
      synthase.

PMID- 1098579
TI  - Experience with the use of polyglycolic acid suture material (Dexon) in 500
      surgical patients.
AB  - A highly concise review is presented of the experimental and clinical literature
      concerning polyglycolic acid suture material, marketed for clinical use for the
      first time in 1970. It is a synthetic, completely absorbable, non-toxic product,
      which not only offers a number of advantages over catgut, but may also be used
      where non-absorbable materials were formerly applied exclusively. Our favorable
      experiences in 500 patients, who were subjected to many different kinds of
      general surgical operations, are in agreement with those published in the
      literature. We have gained the impression that suture fistulization, which may
      lead to protracted morbidity after use of non-absorbable material, has decreased
      in incidence and severity after the use of PGA suture material. This is a
      definite advantage.

PMID- 1098580
TI  - Effect of low-dose heparin on incidence of postoperative thrombosis in
      orthopaedic patients.
AB  - In a double-blind study, using matched controls, thrombo-embolic prophylaxis with
      subcutaneous low-dose heparin was studied in 25 patients admitted for orthopaedic
      surgery. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was detected by clinical assessment and by
      the 125I-fibrinogen leg-scanning technique. As a control the T-1/2 of the 125I
      fibrinogen was measured. Six of the 13 patients in the control group and one in
      the heparin-treated group developed deep vein thrombosis within the first eight
      postoperative days.

PMID- 1098581
TI  - Preliminary studies on the prolongation of the survival of mouse skin allografts
      cultured on a solid medium.
AB  - Skin allografts were transferred between individuals of white Swiss mice. No
      first set reaction was observed, but a second set reaction which resulted in
      accelerated rejection of the graft, could be induced by a second graft
      transplanted 2 weeks after the first. However, the histoincompatibility of the
      graft which causes the rejection, could be temporarily weakened when a graft had
      been cultured "in vitro" for at least 6 weeks prior to grafting. Nevertheless,
      histocompatibility differences between two different species e.g. man and mouse,
      could not be weakened at all by the tissue culture method.

PMID- 1098582
TI  - Single daily dose of allopurinol.
AB  - Allopurinol was administered to seven patients with gout to compare the effects
      of three different methods of administration. Allopurinol 100 mg given three
      times daily. Allopurinol given once daily as three 100 mg tablets. Allopurinol
      given once daily as a single 300 mg tablet. Allopurinol as a single dose in the
      morning gave as sustained control of plasma levels as did divided administration.

PMID- 1098583
TI  - The chemotherapy of rodent malaria, XXI. Action of quinine and WR 122 (a 9
      phenanthrenemethanol) on the fine structure of Plasmodium berghei in mouse blood.
AB  - The effects of quinine and a 9-phenanthrenemethanol, WR 122,455 on the fine
      structure of Plasmodium berghei have been investigated. Changes consequent upon
      quinine treatment were noted in the outer membranes (including those that
      surround the "food vacuole") and the digestive vacuoles. These changes were
      followed by cytoplasmic degeneration and vacuolization. WR 122,455 caused
      morphological changes in at least three areas of the parasite, (1) the outer
      membranes, (2) the digestive vacuole and (3) the nucleus. The relationship of
      these changes to the mode of action of these compounds is discussed. It seems
      possible that they interfere primarily with limiting membrane-mitochondrial
      functions. The modifications of pigment formation are characteristic of these
      compounds and differ from those seen with chloroquine or primaquine.

PMID- 1098584
TI  - The chemotherapy of rodent malaria, XXII. The value of drug-resistant strains of
      P. berghei in screening for blood schizontocidal activity.
AB  - Data are provided on the activity of a variety of antimalarial drugs against drug
      sensitive and drug-resistant lines of Plasmodium berghei in albino mice. Parallel
      data for the response of the drug-sensitive parasites to these compounds in vitro
      indicate whether the drugs have a chloroquine-like or quinine-like type of
      action, or neither. The value of this test system for drug evaluation is debated.
      It is concluded that the in vivo tests do provide a valuable indication of the
      potential use of a compound against drug-resistant malaria parasites of man. The
      tests may also provide a good indication of the future value of new compounds
      against strains of parasites that are already resistant to chloroquine. Where
      necessary, steps should be taken to protect promising new compounds.

PMID- 1098585
TI  - Sudden increase in virulence in a strain of Plasmodium berghei yoelii.
AB  - The mild and chronic 17X strain of Plasmodium berghei yoelii showed a sudden
      increase in virulence following a period of 110 days in the deep freeze. The
      enhanced virulence was seen in a very high and early parasite peak in the blood
      and a 100% mortality of all infected mice. The exalted virulence remained
      unaltered following a number of blood transfers of the strain and after four
      cyclical transmissions through Anopheles stephensi. Enzyme pattern studies
      revealed that the virulent strain possessed the enzyme types GPI-1 and 6 PGD-4,
      both characteristic for strain 17X of P.b. yoelii. Studies carried out to
      investigate the possibility of a concomitant viral infection transferred by blood
      passage, which could have been responsible for the enhanced virulence and
      mortality in the infected mice, showed no presence of any detectable virus in the
      blood of the P.b. yoelii infected mice. It is suggested that virulence may
      provide a marker in genetic work of rodent plasmodia and be included in
      association with enzyme and drug resistance markers.

PMID- 1098586
TI  - Role of complement components in the susceptibility to Plasmodium berghei
      infection among inbred strains of mice.
AB  - Inbred strains of mice, sensitive and resistant to Plasmodium berghei infections,
      including a complement deficient strain were infected with P. berghei. Daily
      levels of parasitaemia were determined and serum levels of complement components
      (C3 and C5) measured by standard haemolytic assay. Serum levels of C3 and C5 were
      depressed in all strains of mice infected with P. berghei. There was no
      difference in the infectivity and course of P. berghei infection in the co
      isogenic C5 deficient and non-deficient strains. The significance of these
      observations is discussed.

PMID- 1098587
TI  - Chloroquine resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in West Irian and East
      Kalimantan.
AB  - Evidence is presented of the chloroquine-resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in
      West Irian and East Kalimantan as shown by clinical observation and quantitative
      parasite counts in two patients hospitalized in Tokyo where no natural
      transmission of malaria occurs. The evidence is supported by the determination of
      plasma chloroquine levels, and in vitro sensitivity tests. The highest plasma
      level of chloroquine in the patient infected in West Irian was 197 ng/ml (fourth
      treatment) and 435 ng/ml (fifth treatment), and that in the patient infected in
      East Kalimantan was 312 ng/ml. Fifty percent inhibition of maturation was
      obtained in vitro at 0-6 and 0-62 nM/ml of chloroquine, respectively. Both
      patients were readically cured by 2 g of sulphadoxine and 100 mg of pyrimethamine
      given in a single dose.

PMID- 1098588
TI  - Purification and some properties of malarial pigment.
AB  - Malarial pigment from erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium berghei was purified
      by treatment with sodium dodecyl sulphate solution, followed by incubation with
      Pancreatin. The purified pigment retained the apparently crystalline form of
      pigment within the parasite, rotated polarised light and had the same solubility
      characterisation as crude malarial pigment. It contained about 1% iron, all of
      which could be accounted for in terms of haemin. The iron of the pigment molecule
      is oxidised by the parasite to the ferric state.

PMID- 1098589
TI  - Immunological studies in rodent malaria. I: Protective immunity induced in mice
      by mild strains of Plasmodium berghei yoelii against a virulent and fatal line of
      this plasmodium.
AB  - Mild and virulent lines of Plasmodium berghei yoelii are readily distinguished
      both by their course of infection and by the preference of the virulent line for
      mature red blood cells. Mice given either mild line were fully protected against
      the virulent P.b. yoelii one week after they had become negative. Mice given the
      mild line of P.b. yoelii 17X were fully protected against a challenge by the
      virulent line on the third day of infection (D+3). Mice given the mild and
      virulent lines of P.b. yoelii 17X concomitantly showed only slight protection,
      all eventually succumbing. Mice given the virulent P.b. yoelii 17X and challenged
      with P.b. yoelii 17X mild on D+1 showed 2/6 with virulent-like infections and 4/6
      infections which resembled the mild controls. Five out of eleven animals
      challenged with P.b. berghei after immunization with mild P.b. yoelii had
      infections which resembled the P.b. berghei control group and were dead by D+23.
      The other six mice became negative, but all of them relapsed and three of them
      subsequently died. In mice challenged four weeks after their mild P.b. yoelii 17X
      infections had become negative, 5/6 succumbed to a P.b. berghei infection. Mice
      immunized with P.b. yoelii 17X mild and challenged with P.v. vinckei one week
      after becoming negative had a survival rate of 2/10.

PMID- 1098590
TI  - The chemotherapy of rodent malaria, XXIII Causal prophylaxis, part II: Practical
      experience with Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis in drug screening.
AB  - Data are presented on the causal prophylactic action of about 100 compounds of
      various types against Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis N67 in mice. Examples are
      given to show how action against pre-erythrocytic schizonts may be differentiated
      from action on emerging erythrocytic stages. In a series of 35 8-aminoquinolines,
      all but 10 showed definite causal prophylactic activity at tolerated doses. The
      data permit the compounds to be ranked in order of activity, and many are shown
      to be more active in this test system than primaquine. Marked causal prophylactic
      activity is displayed by a variety of quinone structures, several of which show a
      significant residual action on blood stages. A high level of activity is found in
      dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors within several chemical classes. Rorguanil is
      more effective as a causal prophylactic than a blood schizontocide in the mouse
      as in man. Sulphonamides and sulphones are also effective in this system. The
      active levels are influenced by the content of PABA in the diet of the hosts.
      Causal prophylactic action has been detected in a number of experimental
      compounds including some antibiotics (such as tetracycline and clindamycin). The
      pyrocatechol RC 12 shows only slight activity at the maximum tolerated dose.
      Chloroquine, mepacrine, quinine, quinolinemethanols and phenanthrenemethanols are
      inactive as causal prophylactics. It is concluded that a rodent malaria-mouse
      model does provide a relatively simple model for the screening of drugs for
      causal prophylaxis, and the data so obtained are of relevance to the detection of
      causal prophylactics against human malaria.

PMID- 1098591
TI  - A comparison of pigment from Schistosoma mansoni and Plasmodium berghei.
AB  - The structures of malarial and schistosomal pigment within the parasites are
      distinct. The two pigments are distinguishable both before and after extraction
      from host liver.

PMID- 1098592
TI  - Serodiagnosis by fluorescent antibody staining of an outbreak of trichinosis in
      Lebanon.
AB  - The opportunity offered by a recent outbreak of trichinosis in Lebannon was
      utilized to evaluate the applicability of an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA)
      test for early diagnosis. Freeze-dried T. spiralis sonicated larval antigen
      fragments were used, together with human test serum and monospecific anti-human
      IgG, IgM and IgA fluorescein conjugates. Diagnostic IgG levels of 1/100 and above
      were observed in serum obtained some time during the acute phase of illness from
      nine out of ten patients. Diagnosis was made in seven cases within 30 days after
      the onset of symptoms. IgM antibodies were demonstrated in occasional samples. No
      IgA antibodies were detected. IgG levels of 1/100 were present in only four out
      of ten samples obtained 150 days after the clinical onset. These observations
      suggest that freeze-dried larval antigens make the IFA test an easy and useful
      procedure in the diagnosis of acute trichinosis. In chronic cases the efficacy of
      the method appears to be poor.

PMID- 1098593
TI  - Food and water intake in gold thioglucose-induced obese Charles River mice.
AB  - Food and water intake have been measured during the dynamic phase of gold
      thioglucose-induced obesity in Charles River mice. Regressions of gain in weight
      with food and water consumption were calculated in young growing animals and in
      adults fed ad libitum. The influence of fat content in the diet (2.5 and 8% fat)
      and environmental temperature (68degrees or 79degrees F) was estimated on the
      regressions. Excessive gain in weight without hyperphagia was observed in growing
      animals, in adults fed on a fat-enriched diet or maintained within a
      thermoneutral environment (79degrees F). But a significant hyperphagia was
      observed in adults fed with a conventional diet and maintained at 68degrees F or
      in growing animals as a sequela of food deprivation.

PMID- 1098594
TI  - Further evaluation of quinestrol in the inhibition of lactation: a double-blind
      comparison of two dose levels against placebo.
AB  - One hundred and ninetysix post-partum women, in whom lactation was to be
      prevented, were given under double-blind conditions either placebo or quinestrol
      2 mg or 4 mg as a single oral dose within twentyfour hours of delivery. Early
      assessment of the results gave a failure rate of 58 per cent, 15 per cent and 5
      per cent respectively, with statistically significant differences among the three
      groups of patients. At the follow-up evaluation, which could be made in only
      about one third of the women, breast troubles were recorded in 20 to 30 per cent,
      without significant differences among the groups. Post-partum amenorrhea showed a
      progressive prolongation from an average of 47.9 days in the controls to 64.6 and
      72.6 days respectively in the 2 and 4 mg quinestrol groups. Adverse reactions,
      represented by delayed uterine involution during hospital stay and abnormal
      uterine bleeding in the late puerperium, were somewhat more frequent in the
      higher dose group than in the lower dose and control groups. On the basis of the
      prsent findings and of similar, though rare, experiences reported in the relevant
      literature, the question is therefore raised whether the 2 mg quinestrol dose
      would not be preferable to the 4 mg one for routine use in post-partum nonusing
      women.

PMID- 1098595
TI  - Recurrence of idiopathic membranous nephropathy in a renal allograft.
AB  - A middle-aged man with idiopathic membranous nephropathy, who developed chronic
      renal failure, received a cadaver renal allograft. Two months later, massive,
      persistent proteinuria developed. A biopsy specimen of the allograft showed
      changes characteristic of membranous nephropathy and identical to those present
      in the patient's own kidney. The criteria for recurrence of glomerulonephritis in
      renal allografts are met in this case.

PMID- 1098596
TI  - Treatment of tachyarrhythmias by pacing.
AB  - The present status of the use of electrical pacing to treat tachyarrythmias is
      reviewed. The pathogenesis of arrythmia formation, methods of pacing, response of
      specific tachyarrhythmias to pacing and the clinical application of pacing to
      terminate and suppress tachyarrhythmias are delineated.

PMID- 1098597
TI  - Warning-chloramphenicol may be good for your health.

PMID- 1098598
TI  - Composition of cellulin, the unique chitin-glucan granules of the fungus,
      Apodachlya sp.
AB  - Cellulin granules, the polysaccharide inclusions found uniquely in oomycetous
      fungi of the order Leptomitales, were isolated from Apodachyla sp. The granules
      were prepared free of cell wall and cytoplasmic contaminants. Biochemical
      analyses and X-ray diffraction studies demonstrated that the granules were
      composed of 60% chitin and 39% glucan consisting of beta-1,3- and beta-1,6-linked
      glucose units. A protein content of only 0.1% was attributed to an insignificant
      amount of cytoplasmic contamination. Isolated granules and those in situ showed
      no apparent differences in their microscopic form.

PMID- 1098599
TI  - Biosynthesis of sulphur amoni acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Genetic
      analysis of leaky mutants of sulphite reductase.
AB  - The hypothesis of an alternative pathway of sulphur amino acid synthesis as the
      basis of the prototrophy of sulphite reductase negative (Sr--) strains of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been rejected. Met- mutants obtained after
      phenylmercuric nitrate treatment of Sr- strains accumulate H2S as the consequence
      of a metabolic block which leads to methionine auxotrophy. This mutation has been
      shown to be independent of the Sr locus. We assume that the molecular basis of
      the prototrophy of Sr- mutant resides in a leaky missense induced in the Sr gene.

PMID- 1098600
TI  - The fine structure of Herpetosiphon, and a note on the taxonomy of the genus.
AB  - The fine structure of the Gram-negative filamentous gliding bacterium,
      Herpetosiphon is described. The outer membrane of the cell envelope could not be
      resolved as a separate structure, probably because it is fused with the
      underlying dense (peptidoglycan) layer. There was an additional wall layer
      outside this membrane-peptidoglycan complex, but a sheath in the classical sense,
      as postulated in the definition of the genus, was lacking. On the cell surface a
      loose network of fibrils could be seen. Inside the cells 3 types of
      intracytoplasmic membranes were discernible: a) true mesosomes near cross walls;
      b) a system of coarser membranes which was not connected with the septa and
      formed networks or tubular complexes; c) degenerated septa within bulbs. The
      bulbs are swollen sections of filaments, occurred mainly in ageing cultures, and
      are probably a degeneration phenomenon. The filaments contained necridia, i.e.
      dead and empty cells, across which breaks may occur so that empty cell wall
      cylinders remain attached to the ends of the daughter filaments, falsely
      suggesting the presence of a sheath. The taxonomy of Herpetosiphon is discussed
      in detail: The organism has been described before as Flexibacter giganteus. It is
      proposed to abandon the species H. aurantiacus in favor of H. giganteus, but to
      retain the genus Herpetosiphon. An improved definition of the genus is given.

PMID- 1098601
TI  - Cytochemical detection of polysaccharides on the surface of the cell membrane
      complex in fungi.
AB  - Cytochemical staining in toto (periodic acid, thiosemicarbazide, OSO4) revealed
      the presence of polysaccharide lamellae on the surface of the cell membrane
      complex of fungi. The membraneous clusters in the vacuolar bodies of Claviceps
      purpurea were covered with these lamellae at both surfaces, as it was also the
      case with the endoplasmic reticulum membranes, the tonoplast and the cytoplasmic
      membrane. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the polysaccharide lamellae were visible
      on the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum membranes and the plasmalemma; the
      strain revealed polysaccharide deposits also on the tonoplasts of small vacuoles
      and in glucanase vesicles. We assume that these observations give precision to
      the localization of the enzymes synthetizing the glycoprotein components of the
      fungal cell wall.

PMID- 1098602
TI  - The control by respiration of the uptake of alpha-methyl glucoside in Escherichia
      coli K12.
AB  - The uptake of methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside (alpha-MG) by Escherichia coli K12
      was decreased by the addition of substrates which stimulated the rate of oxygen
      consumption by the cells. The inhibition, which occurred only at non-saturating
      concentrations of alpha-MG, was not the result of a stimulation of the rate of
      exit of intracellular alpha-MG, and was abolished by the presence of carbonyl
      cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone or sodium azide. Since those drugs inhibit energy
      conservation at the respiratory chain and did not alter significantly the rate of
      oxygen consumption under the conditions for the assay of alpha-MG uptake, it
      appears that the inhibition of the transport system by respirable substrates is
      mediated by some form of energy derived from respiration.

PMID- 1098603
TI  - Dependence of the maximum temperature for growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on
      nutrient concentration.
AB  - Saccharomyces cerevisae was grown in a chemostat under glucose limitation at
      three superoptimal temperatures.  In each steady state the specific growth rate
      was the sum of the dilution rate and the specific death rate, exponential death
      occurring with exponential growth.  The specific death rate was a function of
      both the temperature and the concentration of the limiting nutrient.  Each
      superoptimal temperature was characterized by a critical glucose concentration
      below which net growth was not possible.  The critical glucose concentration
      increased with the temperature.  Consequently the maximum temperature for growth
      was a function of the concentration of the limiting nutrient and approached the
      optimum temperature for growth with decreasing glucose concentrations.

PMID- 1098604
TI  - [The development and the reversion of spheroplasts of a diaminopimelic acid
      auxotrophic mutant of Escherichia coli].
AB  - 1. The formation and reversion of spheroplasts of the diaminopimelic acid
      auxotrophic mutant Escherichia coli K 12, 335, DAP-, R+TEM in a medium lacking
      diaminopimelic acid have been investigated by microphotography: During their
      development from rod form cells to spheroplasts cells on slide-surface-agar
      preparations underwent two successive cell divisions in the course of which the
      cells retained their rod form. The cells formed by these divisions partitioned
      into a varying number of spheroplasts of different size. The reversion of
      spheroplasts to rod form cells, started by the addition of diaminopimelic acid
      showed two characteristic steps: Each spheroplast partitioned again into several
      spheroplast-like cell bodies; most of them reverted directly to rod form cells.
      2. The release of the R-factor mediated periplasmic TEM-beta-lactamase, E. C.
      3.4.2.6., into the growth medium during the development of spheroplasts attained
      more than 50% of the entire TEM-beta=lactamase activity. The spheroplasts showed
      a multiple enhancement of TEM-beta-lactamase activity per mg cell protein
      compared with rod form cells.

PMID- 1098605
TI  - Defining synchrony of cell cultures.
AB  - A method was developed for the statistical analysis of growth data from
      synchronized growth experiments. The analysis provided a firm basis for the
      recognition of synchrony and the objective graphical presentation of the growth
      pattern of a synchronized culture. The latter could then supply reliably the
      parameters required for the calculation of a synchronization index, i.e. for the
      synchrony evaluation.

PMID- 1098606
TI  - Computers and psychiatry. Promises to keep.
AB  - The potential of computer-based psychiatric information systems is still largely
      undeveloped. Conceptual, technical, cost, and procedural problems have limited
      the impact of computers, but there are programs that have been successful or that
      show promise. While changes in the philosophy of psychiatric computer
      applications are on-going, a cost-effective, widely available clinical computer
      system has been developed.

PMID- 1098607
TI  - Computer-assisted derivation of a screening interview for alcoholism.
AB  - A short screening interview for the diagnosis of alcoholism has been developed
      with the assistance of the automatic interaction detector (AID) program (a
      multivariate sequential analysis strategy) that is part of the OSIRIS statistical
      package. Retrospective and prospective tests of the effectiveness of the
      interview have shown that it permits a diagnosis of alcoholism with less effort
      than a larger, more comprehansive research interview. The performance of the
      screening and research interviews have been compared to assess the effects of
      severity of illness and reliability of individual replies on the diagnoses made
      by each interview.

PMID- 1098608
TI  - Gonadotropin response to LH-RH in anorexia nervosa.
AB  - The gonadotropin-ovary axis of patients with anorexia nervosa was assessed with
      the aim of distinguishing between an intrinsically hypophysial deficiency and
      pituitary malfunction secondary to hypothalamic impairment. The most consistent
      endocrine abnormality was low serum luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormone
      (LH and FSH) levels associated with depressed serum estradiol levels.
      Gonadotropin levels responded to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH),
      thus indicating a primarily hypothalamic dysfunction. The increase in serum FSH
      was at least as great as that of LH. The LH levels were additionally depressed
      and their increase after LH-RH injection somewhat blunted by three-day treatment
      with ethinyl estradiol.

PMID- 1098609
TI  - [The 65th birthday of Arnold Graffi].

PMID- 1098610
TI  - [A simple method for breeding major spore quantities of Clostridium butyricum to
      be used in experiments for tumour diagnostics and therapy (author's transl)].
AB  - A simple method is described for breeding major spore quantities of Clostridium
      butyricum using a modification of Berger's iron bouillon. The method allows the
      breeding of cultures with comparatively high spore-forming rates which is
      essential for the use of such spores in experiments in the field of early tumour
      diagnostics and tumour therapy.

PMID- 1098611
TI  - Organ preservation in success of cadaver transplants.
AB  - The long-term function of 110 cadaver kidney transplants preserved by hypothermic
      perfusion was compared with that of 79 fresh cadaver kidneys. The one-month
      failure rate was 4 percent in the perfused kidneys in contrast to a 32 percent
      one-month failure rate reported by one cooperative group. These data were again
      confirmed in a prospective, paired study comparing perfused and fresh cadaver
      kidneys from the same donor. Thus, perfusion of kidneys was not harmful for
      cadaver transplantation. In fact, of 83 first cadaver transplants, less than 30
      percent of perfused kidneys failed in the first year. There appears to be no
      evidence supporting the idea that bloodless hypothermic perfusion permanently
      damages human kidneys or increases the chances of rejection.

PMID- 1098612
TI  - Renal trauma during laparotomy for intra-abdominal injury.
AB  - The advantages of nonsurgical or surgical management of renal injuries are
      important when the renal trauma is found during a laparotomy for intra-abdominal
      injury. Blunt external trauma caused 85.5 percent of the renal injuries found
      during laparotomy in 194 patients. A large dose or infusion intravenous pyelogram
      on a modified operating table has allowed immediate evaluation of the renal
      injury during a laparotomy. When the degree of renal injury was more severe,
      renal tissue and function were saved by early surgical management. In this group,
      lowered morbidity and a sharp reduction in delayed renal operations followed the
      introduction of immediate surgical management. The nephrectomy rate was 11
      percent, which compares favorably with that of nonsurgical management. Clamping
      of the renal vessels prior to opening Gerota fascia prevented reactivation of
      hemorrhage and allowed for a deliberate operation with conservation of undamaged
      renal tissue.

PMID- 1098613
TI  - Clinical use of the membrane oxygenator.
AB  - Since April 1973 we have treated nine patients with extracorporeal membrane
      oxygenation (ECMO), utilizing the spiral coil membrane lung. One patient is a
      long-term survivor. All patients except one showed substantial improvement in
      peripheral arterial oxygen tension. Four adults and two neonates were treated for
      critical hypoxia. Two patients were treated for cardiac failure but failed to
      show improved myocardial function. Complications involving perfusion circuitry,
      cannulation, chronic systemic heparinization, thrombocytopenia, and renal failure
      have been managed with minimal difficulty. However, irreversible pulmonary,
      neurologic, hepatic, or gastrointestinal damage due to hypoxia present before the
      institution of ECMO was associated with lethal complications. The ECMO has
      supplied adequate oxygenation to this group of nine critically hypoxic patients.
      Institution of ECMO at an earlier date in patients with critical hypoxia would
      provide a higher likelihood of survival.

PMID- 1098614
TI  - Alterations in kinins of coronary blood from rat heart homografts.
AB  - Forty-eight heterotopic heart transplants (33 homografts and 15 isografts) were
      performed in inbred rats. Levels of kallikrein, prekallikrein, and kallikrein
      inhibitor were determined in coronary sinus venous blood of grafted hearts at
      various intervals postgrafting. Homograft observations were assessed against
      those in nonrejecting isografts. Significant increases in homograft prekallikrein
      level on day 4 were followed by significant increases in homograft kallikrein
      activity on day 6. Kallikrein inhibitor levels in homografts were consistently
      increased in relation to isograft levels. Kallikrein and inhibitor activity
      showed an inverse relationship in their respective changes. High levels of
      kallikrein and prekallikrein occurred in homografts ten days posttransplantation.
      Immunological rejecting homografts showed meaningful changes in the activity of
      kinin-forming substances known to participate in inflammation.

PMID- 1098615
TI  - Use of a mechanical suturing apparatus in low colorectal anastomosis.
AB  - A circular stapling apparatus was especially designed for use in low colorectal
      anastomoses. In shape and size it resembles a slightly oversized
      proctosigmoidoscope. After the tumor-bearing segment is resected in the standard
      manner, the instrument is introduced via the anus through the distal segment into
      the abdomen. The proximal and distal segments are apposed and mechanically
      anastomosed. A secure anastomosis is thus performed more quickly and more
      reliably than by standard suture methods. The method has been used successfully
      in 20 dogs, without evidence of leakage or stenosis. In 165 human operations for
      low rectal carcinoma performed in Russia from 1967 to 1972, the mortality was
      2.4% and the leakage rate was 3.6%. No stenosis or late stricture occurred.

PMID- 1098616
TI  - Treatment of flail chest. Use of intermittent mandatory ventilation and positive
      end-expiratory pressure.
AB  - For the past two years we have treated patients with flail chest injuries and
      concomitant respiratory failure with intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) and
      positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). Prior to 1972 these patients were
      treated with controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) until gross flailing ceased
      and inspiratory force and vital capacity measurements were adequate. We
      retrospectively studied the charts of 37 consecutive patients to compare the
      length of mechanical ventilatory support of patients managed by conventional CMV
      with those ventilated with IMV and PEEP. The mean ventilation time of patients
      treated with IMV and PEEP (5.1 +/- 4.7 days) was significantly less than that of
      the patients treated with CMV (18.8 +/- 14.4 days) (P less than .001).

PMID- 1098618
TI  - Urologic problems in renal transplantation.
AB  - Of 206 patients who underwent 221 consecutive renal homografts, two patients had
      major urologic complications. One patient had a partial ureteric obstruction
      requiring surgical intervention and ureterostomy. Another patient had a fistula
      at the ureteropelvic junction secondary to vigorous diuresis in the presence of
      acute retention; eventually nephrectomy was required, but the patient survived.
      In one other instance, urinary extravasation was suspected without substantiation
      and with uneventful recovery of the patient. The total incidence of major
      urologic complications was less than 1%, with no related deaths.

PMID- 1098617
TI  - Renal transplantation in the older age group.
AB  - Previously reported results of renal transplantation in the older age group have
      been discouraging; thus this form of therapy has generally been denied to
      patients over 50 years of age, unless a living related donor was available. A
      review of our transplant patients aged 51 or older who received cadaver donor
      kidneys was performed, and comparison was made to the survival being achieved for
      this group through hemodialysis or transplantation from living related donors.
      Functional survival of the homograft in the older age group in the Massachusetts
      General Hospital series compared favorably to that reported by the National
      Transplant Registry for recipients of all ages. We conclude that cadaver donor
      transplantation should be offered to increasing numbers of end-stage renal
      failure patients older than 50 years of age.

PMID- 1098619
TI  - Successful management of caliceal fistulas following renal transplantation.
AB  - Caliceal fistulas are unusual complications of renal transplantation. Segmental
      renal infarction and distal ureteral obstruction may be contributing factors in
      their formation. Two cases are reported, the first probably a result of segmental
      renal infarction from failure to recognize and anastomose an accessory renal
      artery, the second possibly related to blunt trauma to the area of the graft in
      an automobile accident and ureteral obstruction resulting from blood clots.
      Nephrostomy drainage through a healthy area of renal parenchyma was instrumental
      in the salvage of both kidneys.

PMID- 1098620
TI  - Survival of cardiac xenografts. Effect of antithymocyte serum and enhancing
      heteroantiserum.
AB  - Rat hearts were transplanted to the abdomens of mice by primary vascular union,
      and sinus rhythm occurred a few minutes after perfusion of the rat coronary
      vessels with mouse arterial blood. Five groups of mice with rat heart transplants
      were studied to evaluate the effect of mouse antirat serum (MARS) and
      antithymocyte serum (ATS) on the survival of the xenografted hearts. When high
      dose MARS was administered, hyperacute rejection occurred, while the
      administration of low-dose MARS doubled the survival time of the xenotransplant.
      Antithymocyte serum greatly prolonged the function and survival of the hearts,
      while the addition of "enhancing serum" to the ATS regimen did not procure longer
      survival over that achieved by ATS alone.

PMID- 1098621
TI  - [Age characteristics of the structure of the human retina].
AB  - Cytological, histochemical and neurohistological methods were used to study the
      human retina (27 corpses of people from 60 to 80 years of age). Two retinas from
      people of 32 and 27 years served as controls. The activity of alkaline
      phosphatase in neurons was established to increases with age. There were also
      enlargement of cysts and an increase of the square surface of their distribution
      in the retina, numerous aneurysmatic swelling along the course of the retinal
      capillaries. The nerve elements of the retina degenerated more often with age and
      partly died. Varicosities and excessively growing enlarged terminals were found
      along the course of dendritic and axonic processes. In the macular zone there
      were hypertrophicsynapses and circularly running sinuous fine fibres. Solitary
      ganglionic cells in this region had dendrites directed toward on side-they ere
      asymmetrical. The astrocytigglia was not changed. The fovea bottom contained may
      Muller's cells. Possible interpretation of the mechanism of appearance of
      vaicosities and excrescences in the nerve fibres with age age is presented.

PMID- 1098622
TI  - [Analysis of certain nodal features of regenerative reactions].
AB  - The increased degree of death of cells due to increased functional stresses may
      serve as a starting factor responsible for the compensatory growth. This fact
      allows considering reparative regeneration and compensatory growth as phenomena
      of the same class. Different forms of reparative growth (intracellular
      regeneration and proliferation of cells, endomorphosis and epimorphosis) serve to
      concrete tasks of reparation at different levels of organization of the
      morphological substrate. They are sustained by endogeneous morphogenetical
      mechanisms developing independently of other levels and of environment. In the
      subsystem of lover levels of organization the involved morphogenetical mechanisms
      may sustain not only compensation of the lost structures but also their
      overproduction. As a rule the program of reparative processes may be realized on
      higher (e. g. organic) level but partly. Among available criteria of regeneration
      at the present time the calculation of mitoses should be considered the most
      adequate one. The systemic approach may prove to be a perspective method both for
      estimation of regeneratory effect and for deeper analysis of reparative phenomena
      in general.

PMID- 1098623
TI  - [Simple method for the removal of the gelatin coating and the re-covering of
      histoautoradiographic preparations with an emulsion].
AB  - This simple method is used for removing emulsion from unsuccessful
      histoautoradiographic preparations for putting a new layer of emulsion. For this
      purpose the old emulsion is solved in warm water, the silver residue is removed
      from the preparation surface with a 10% solution of potassium ferricyanide.

PMID- 1098624
TI  - Obstetrics and gynecology.  "The scope".

PMID- 1098626
TI  - The Heimlich maneuver.

PMID- 1098627
TI  - Goats of Arizona.

PMID- 1098628
TI  - A suture-reinforced scleral sling. Technique for suspension of the ptotic upper
      lid.
AB  - A frontalis sling procedure for ptosis repair, employing preserved human bank
      sclera and polyfilament, cable-type, ophthalmic (Supramid Extra) suture in
      combination has been devised and tried. Results indicate that these two readily
      available materials that are now used separately may be combined for lid
      suspension. They are easy to work with and produce lasting results.

PMID- 1098629
TI  - Bone formation in the normal human otic capsule.
AB  - Postmoretem examination of undecaicified temporal bones from five patients
      treated with tetracycline during adult life for unrelated disease showed the
      uptake of tetracycline label within the endochondral bone the otic capsule. Adult
      endochondral bone is histologically woven (nonlamellar) in character, and has
      been assumed to be metabolically inert in the healthy state. The strong
      perlvascular labelling seen suggests that new bone is normally deposited in the
      otic capsule and that this new bone is lamellar in character. Continuous new bone
      formation in the presence of a constant net volume of bone implies that 
      resorption must also occur normally within the otic capsule.

PMID- 1098630
TI  - The brow-lift operation.
AB  - We describe a useful technique for local brow-lift operation. We discuss the
      results and outline procedural modifications that minimize postoperative
      scarring. The operation may be performed in conjunction with blepharoplasty or
      other cosmetic surgery.

PMID- 1098631
TI  - Industrial relations in the Queensland Nursing Service. The anatomy of an
      attitude.

PMID- 1098632
TI  - A hazard for the newborn.

PMID- 1098633
TI  - Ulcerogenic tumours of the pancreas.

PMID- 1098635
TI  - Noel Curtis Newton.

PMID- 1098634
TI  - Evaluation of a single-layer intestinal anastomosis: an experimental study.
AB  - Fifteen single-layer and 15 double-layer inverting intestinal anastomoses were
      made in the small intestines of 15 healthy mongrel dogs and the results were
      compared. The single-layer anastomosis was found to be superior to the double
      layer procedure in many respects.

PMID- 1098636
TI  - Serendipity in science-discovery of the B-1 strain of Newcastle Disease virus.

PMID- 1098637
TI  - Causes of enlarged sternal bursas (breast blisters).
AB  - Bursas were taken weekly as normal turkeys developed from 3 to 22 weeks of age,
      and no specific bacterial or viral infection was found. Bacterial cultures were
      also made of condemned bursas taken at processing. Of 144 collected, 91% were
      sterile; the others had staphylococci, streptococci, or coliform organisms.
      Experiments with turkeys measured the effect of strain, body conformation,
      completeness of breast-feather cover, protection of the keel with sheepskins, age
      when put on range, and type of range on the incidence of enlarged sternal bursas.
      The strain difference of 25.4% breast blisters against 11.5% was highly
      significant (99% confidence). In one experiment the effect of feather cover was
      significant at the 95% level of confidence (61.7% breast blisters with no feather
      cover, versus 40% with complete feather cover). The effect of protecting the
      breast with sheepskin was significant at the 95% level of confidence in reducing
      incidence of breast blisters. There was no significant difference in the
      incidence of breast blisters in relation to body conformation, age, or type of
      range.

PMID- 1098638
TI  - Influence of rofenaid-40 feed medication on an experimental Salmonella infection
      in chickens.
AB  - Rofenaid-40 administered at 0.02% in feed to chickens experimentally infected
      with Salmonella typhimurium resulted in less colonization and shedding of S.
      typhimurium than in unmedicated chickens. The antibacterial sensitivity pattern
      of S. typhimurium isolated from infected birds had not changed after exposure to
      Rofenaid for 56 days.

PMID- 1098639
TI  - Obituary notice: Steve Sandes.

PMID- 1098640
TI  - Leston L. Havens, MD, 1975 H.B. Williams' memorial travelling professor.

PMID- 1098641
TI  - W. S. Dawson.

PMID- 1098642
TI  - Dr. Oliver Latham.

PMID- 1098643
TI  - Algorithm for the multi-parameter analysis of nystagmus using a digital computer.
AB  - A computer program for analyzing nystagmus has been developed and can be used on
      a small laboratory digital computer. The algorithm accepts digitized data and
      looks for the minimum and maximum (minmax) points of the nystagmus waveform.
      These points in turn are used to define seven descriptive parameters of
      nystagmus, including the amplitude, duration, and velocity of the slow and fast
      phases, and the frequency. The algorithm uses three user-adjusted criteria for
      accepting or rejecting minmax points. The treatment of noisy or irregular data
      can be improved by adjusting the values of these criteria.

PMID- 1098644
TI  - Enzyme induction by steroid hormones with reference to cancer.

PMID- 1098645
TI  - The control of tryptophan metabolism.

PMID- 1098646
TI  - The effect of drugs on 5-aminolaevulinate synthetase and other enzymes in the
      pathway of liver haem biosynthesis.

PMID- 1098647
TI  - Quantitation in morphology: possibilities and limits.
AB  - Methods of structural measurement (morphometry) play an increasing role in
      investigative pathology. Basic methods of surface and volume measurement and
      their use in pathology are discussed. This paper demonstrates on the example of
      the pulmonary gas exchange apparatus that a morphometric approach, using methods
      of stereology, can yield results of high significance in assessing the structural
      alterations underlying a gas exchange deficiency.

PMID- 1098648
TI  - Glomerulopathies in human renal allografts.
AB  - The present study discusses the light, electron and immunofluorescence microscopy
      as well as some clinicopathologic correlations of rejection change in human renal
      allograft glomeruli. It is based on examination of 126 tissue specimens from 54
      grafts obtained from 50 patients (1966-1973). The most frequent and
      characteristic lesion was membranous transplant glomerulopathy (MG) with
      irregular fibrillar thickening of capillary walls but without conspicuous
      hypercellularity. This thickening was caused by subendothelial depositsdifferent
      from classical fibrinoid lesions. During further progression, widening and
      peripheral extension of mesangium with degenerative changes became apparent.
      Advanced MG was encountered most frequently in the 2nd year after transplantation
      (TPL) at moderate to medium proteinuria and hypertension. It was accompanied by
      endarteristic rejection changes, and renal insufficiency set on usually in the
      course of the 3rd year. Nevertheless, the course, symptoms, and graft survival
      exhibited considerable variations. - The morphology and manifestations of
      destructive segmental transplant glomerulopathy  (SG) depended on the time of its
      development. In the early stage (within about 3 months after TPL), the lesion was
      characterized by areas of fibrinoid insudation and necro(bio)sis associated with
      severe vascular changes, most frequently obliterative arterio(lo)pathy (OA). The
      ultrastructure was characterized by endothelial defects with host's polynuclear
      reaction and focal intravascular coagulation. The grafts thus affected failed
      soon, their function usually subsiding within the first trimester  at a moderate,
      but gradually increasing proteinuria and severe persistent hypertension. The late
      from of destructive SG presenting as fibrohyaline obliteration of the loops with
      foam cells always accompanied advanced MG with severe arterial lesions. -
      Fluorescence microscopy revealed both linear and focal fixation of antisera,
      which, however had no apparent correlation with the microscopical and clinical
      presentations.

PMID- 1098649
TI  - [Studies on the number of fat cells and connective tissue cells in white adipose
      tissue in chronic starvation and after refeeding. I. Investigations on
      aurothioglucose-obese NMRI-albino-mice(author's transl)].
AB  - Former investigations (Rakow et al., 1970, 1971 b) on epididymal fat pads of lean
      NMRI-Albino-mice during starvation and refeeding have shown that the number of
      fat cells (adipocytes) remained unchanged while the number of cells o connective
      tissue decreased during starvation and increased during the refeeding period. In
      the present paper the problem has been investigated whether these variations
      could be demonstrated also in NMRI-albino-mice obesified by administration of
      aurothioglucose. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The investigations were performed with
      male NMRI-Albino-mice rendered obese by administration of aurothioglucose (800 mg
      per kg body weight). These animals were fed 2.5 g Altromin 1115 R daily for six
      weeks. After this they were fed Altromin 1115 R and additional oat flakes ad
      libitum for three (exp. groups HW3) and seven (exp. groups HW 7) days
      respectively. After this time the animals were sacrificed. The epididymal fat
      pads were removed and weighed. One of both pads of each animal was used for
      chemical investigations. After PCA-treatment (0.5 n, 90 degrees C. 15 min.) the
      DNA (Burton, 1956) and RNA (Ceriotti, 1955) was determined in the supernatant.
      After NaOH-treatment (0.5 n, 37 degrees C, 24 Hrs) the noncollagen protein
      content (Lowry et al., 1951) of the sediment was estimated. After HCl-treatment
      (25%, 110 degrees C, 20 hrs.) the collagen content (Stegemenn, 1958; modified by
      Rauskolb, 1967) was determined. The remaining fat pad was used for calculations
      of cell numbers in the fat cell and connective tissue cell compartment. For this
      reason fat cells were isolated according to Rodbell (1964). The fat cell
      diameters were determined microscopically and the average masses of the fat cells
      were estimated. From the wet weight of the fat pads and the average fat cell mass
      the number of fat cells was calculated. The remaining suspension of fat cells and
      cells of connective tissue was utilized for cell smears. These smears were
      stained with Schiff's reagent (Feulgen et al., 1924; Graumann, 1952). With an
      integrating microdensitometer (Deeley, 1955) the average relative DNA-content of
      single cell nuclei were measured and the ploidy patterns were estimated. From the
      whole DNA-content of the fat pads and the DNA-content of the fat cell population
      the number of cells of the connective tissue was calculated...

PMID- 1098650
TI  - The role of bone marrow in different phases of the cellular repopulation of
      irradiated mouse thymus.
AB  - In one series of experiments, the cellular repopulation of the thymus was
      investigated in mice exposed first to 200 R on the whole body and, after various
      intervals, to 700 R with one leg protected or unprotected during the exposure.
      When no protection was made, the mice were transplanted with syngeneic bone
      marrow cells in a defined number immediately after irradiation. Repopulation was
      fastest when the interval between exposures was 5 days, and most delayed when it
      was 14 days; with a 30 day interval the speed of repopulation was intermediate,
      and resembled that of a control group exposed to only the second dose. In another
      experimental series, thymus repopulation was studied after exposure of mice first
      to 200 R with one leg protected or unprotected and, after an interval of 5, 14 or
      30 days, to a second dose of 700 R on the whole body. In all cases, syngeneic
      bone marrow cells were grafted intravenously after the second irradiation. The
      thymus repopulation was enhanced by protection of the leg when 14 day interval
      separated the exposures. In the other cases, no enhancement was noted. The
      findings were interpreted to indicate that the cellular composition of the thymus
      and, in particular, the frequency of the proliferating stem cells at the time of
      the exposure determines thymic repopulation for about two weeks after
      irradiation. After this period, repopulation is due to new precursors from the
      bone marrow which seeded the thymus.

PMID- 1098651
TI  - [Thrombocyte values during ergenyl treatment].

PMID- 1098652
TI  - [Psychologic effects of anti-epileptic drugs].

PMID- 1098653
TI  - Specific cyanylation and cleavage at cysteine-104 human hemoglobin alpha-chain. A
      novel approach to the problem of the alpha-chain tryptic core in the study of
      haemoglobin variants by "fingerprinting" methods.
AB  - 1. A new approach to the analysis, by "fingerprinting", of the tryptic core
      region of human haemoglobin alpha-chain is described. 2. The alpha-chain is
      cyanylated at its single cysteine residue (alpha104) and then split, by exposure
      to mild alkali, at the N-peptide bond of the resulting beta-thiocyanoalanine
      residue. 3. The two cleavage fragments, alpha1-103 and alpha104-141, are
      separated by gel filtration, and the fragment alpha104-141, which contains all
      the residues of the alpha-chain tryptic core, is digested with pepsin. 4.
      Preparative "fingerprints" of these peptic peptides yield eight major peptides,
      which provide complete sequence information for the whole region alpha104-141. 5.
      The utility of the method is demonstrated by repeating the determination of the
      substitution in haemoglobin Hopkins-2, a known alpha-chain core variant in which
      histidine-alpha112 (G19) is replaced by an aspartic acid residue.

PMID- 1098654
TI  - Nitrogenase of Klebsiella pneumoniae. A stopped-flow study of magnesium-adenosine
      triphosphate-induce electron transfer between the compeonent proteins.
AB  - Stopped-flow kinetic data have been obtained for a rapid electron-transfer
      reaction between the component proteins of nitrogenase from Klebsiella
      pneumoniae, which was induced by MgATP. Up to three equivalents of the Fe
      containing protein were rapidly oxidized by one equivalent of the Fe-Mo
      containing protein in a unimolecular reaction, k2 = 2 x 10(2)S-1. Evidence for a
      tight complex between the component proteins, KD(complex) less than 0.5 muM,
      which was formed with a rate k1 greater than 1 x 10(7)M-1-S-1, has been obtained.
      MgATP bound to either the Fe-containing protein or to the two-protein complex
      with a rate k3 greater than 2.5 x 10(6)M-1-S-1 and with KD(MgATP) = 0.4mM, before
      the electron-transfer reaction.

PMID- 1098655
TI  - The kinetic of degradation of chondroitin of sulphates and hyaluronic acid by
      chondroitinase form Proteus vulgaris.
AB  - Km and Vmax. were determined for the degradation by chondroitinase of chondroitin
      4-sulphate, 4-sulphate-proteoglycna, chondroitin 6-sulphate, dermatan sulphate
      and hyaluronic acid. Degradation of chondroitin 4-sulphate was inhibited by
      hyaluronic acid but not by keratan sulphate. The results are discussed with
      regard to the use to the use of chondroitinase as a sleective reagent for the
      degradation of tissue glycosaminoglycans.

PMID- 1098656
TI  - Studies on the high-sulphur proteins of reduced mohair. The isolation and amino
      acid sequence of protein scmkb-m1.2.
AB  - The complete amino acid sequence of mohair protein, SCMKB-M1.2 (97 residues), was
      determined. The protein was isolated from reduced and carboxymethylated mohair by
      chromatography on DEAE-cellulose phosphate. Peptides for sequence determination
      were obtained by digestion with trypsin, pepsin, chymotrypsin, thermolysin and
      papain, and were fractionated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, paper
      chromatography and electrophoresis. The sequence of the peptides were determined
      by the Edman degradation method (by use of both the Beckman Sequence and a non
      automatic procedure), and by partial acid hydrolysis. The protein is closely
      homologous to wool protein SCMKB-IIIB2, and also contains acetylated alanine as N
      terminal amino acid.

PMID- 1098657
TI  - Purification of D-alanine carboxypeptidase from Escherichia coli B on a
      penicillin-Sepharose column.
AB  - 1. A soluble D-alanine carboxypeptidase from Escherichia coli strain B was
      purified on a p-aminobenzylpenicillin-Sepharose column. This one-step
      chromatography followed by an (NH4)2SO4 precipitation yielded an enzyme purified
      1200-fold and some of its properties are reported. 2. The pure D-alanine
      carboxypeptidase was devoid of D-alanine carboxypeptidase II activity and
      migrated as a single protein band on analytical disc gel electrophoresis. 3.
      Triton X-100 in the purification procedure is an absolute requirement for
      obtaining a stable enzyme. 4. The enzymic activity of D-alanine carboxypeptidase
      was greatly affected in solution of high salt concentrations and varied somewhat
      with the nature of the cation tested.

PMID- 1098658
TI  - Insulin release and the microtubular system of the islets of Langerhans.
      Identification and characterization of tubulin-like protein.
AB  - 1. Incubation of islets of Langerhans in vitro in the presence of colchicine
      produced a progressive inhibition of the insulin-secretory response to glucose,
      which was dependent on the time of incubation. 2. The uptake of [3-H]colchicine
      by islet cells was a rapid process, equilibrium being reached in less than 30
      min. Part of the colchicine taken up was bound to protein material, which was
      recovered largely in a post-microsomal supernatant fraction prepared from the
      islets. In contrast with this rapid uptake, the binding of colchicine by islet
      cell proteins in intact islets or in islet homogenates was a slow process, and
      equilibrium was not reached for 60-90 min. After an initial 30 min delay, the
      time-course of the binding of [3-H]colchicine to islet-cell proteins paralleled
      that for the inhibitory effect of colchicine on insulin release. 3. Some
      purification of the colchicine-binding material present in islet homogenates
      could be achieved by precipitation of the protein with 2mM-CaCl2 (2.8-fold).
      However, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex produced a further 27-fold
      purification on elution with 0.6M-NaCl. 4. Colchicine-binding protein prepared
      from islets by ion-exchange chromatography showed an intrinsic association
      constant for colchicine of 1.4muM and an apparent molecular weight on gel
      filtration of 110000. 5. These results suggest that colchicine-binding protein in
      islet cells closely resembles tubulin extracted from the other tissues. The
      delayed effectiveness of colchicine in inhibiting insulin secretion is not due to
      poor penetration of colchicine into the cells but rather to slow binding of the
      alkaloid to islet-cell tubulin. It seems likely that, as in other tissues, this
      binding prevents polymerization of the tubulin into microtubules, and thus
      interferes with the release process.

PMID- 1098659
TI  - Synthesis of alternative membrane-bound redox carriers during aerobic growth of
      Escherichia coli in the presence of potassium cyanide.
AB  - Aerobic growth of Escherichia coli with an oxidizable substrate as carbon source
      in the presence of low concentrations of KCN leads to the synthesis and
      integration into the membrane of menaquinone and cytochromes b558, a1 and d in
      addition to the redox carriers normally present under aerobic growth conditions,
      namely ubiquinone and cytochromes b562, b556 and o. The results are discussed
      with reference to other phenotypic and genotypic modifications to the electron
      transport chains of E. coli.

PMID- 1098660
TI  - Enzyme stereoselectivity: the reversible reaction catalyzed by 2-keto-4
      hydroxyglutarate aldolase of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1098661
TI  - Biosynthesis of 6-beta-galactinol by beta-galactosidase from rat mammary gland
      and E. coli.

PMID- 1098662
TI  - Alteration of ribosomal protein L5 in a thiopeptin-resistant mutant of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1098663
TI  - Petite induction and recovery in the presence of high levels of ethidium bromide.

PMID- 1098664
TI  - Occurrence of type III collagen in inflamed synovial membranes: a comparison
      between non rheumatoid, rheumatoid, and normal synovial collagens.

PMID- 1098665
TI  - Release of octopamine and alpha-methyloctopamine by L-dopa.

PMID- 1098666
TI  - The biochemical basis of the antimicrobial action of sulfonamides and
      trimethoprim in vivo-II. Experiments on the limited thymine and thymidine
      availability in blood and urine.

PMID- 1098667
TI  - 5-Ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate inhibition of the thymidylate synthetase
      from Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1098668
TI  - Regional distribution in brain and effect on cerebral mitochondrial respiration
      of the anticonvulsive drug n-dipropylacetate.

PMID- 1098669
TI  - The effects of alcohol on weight gain and the hypothalamic-pituitary
      gonadotrophin axis in the maturing male rat.

PMID- 1098670
TI  - Septic arthritis in sickle-cell thalassemia. Pathophysiology of impaired response
      to infection.
AB  - The knee of a boy with sickle-cell thalassemia became infected with Salmonella
      enteritidis, sensitive to ampicillin. Doses of ampicillin that achieved anti
      bacterial titers of 32 in synovial fluid failed to eradicate the organism. The
      synovial fluid exhibited severe hypoxia, hypercapnia, and lactic acidosis.
      Methods were developed to estimate the oxygen saturation of blood in regional
      venous capillaries, the degree of periarticular sickling, changes in the
      viscosity of local blood, and the articular ratio of blood flow to oxygen
      utilization. The results suggest that local vascular insufficiency associated
      with sickling may affect host response to infection and efficacy of antibiotics.
      The Salmonella C1 readily transformed to an L form on hypertonic medium, thus
      acquiring resistance to ampicillin and other cell-wall inhibitors.

PMID- 1098671
TI  - The therapeutic activity of 1-(p-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetic
      acid monohydrate glucosamide in rheumatoid arthritis (double blind trial).
AB  - A new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, 1-(p-chlorobenzyl)-5-methylindole-3
      acetic acid monohydrate glucosamide (glucametacine, Teoremac?), was used in the
      treatment of a total of 39 patients including 31 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, 3
      of ankylosing spondylitis, 1 of psoriatic rheumatism, 1 of chronic
      chondrocalcinosis and 3 of arthrosis. Teoremac was given for 14 days at a dosage
      of 420 mg/day. The drug was shown to be more or less active in all the patients
      except 4. The improvement in the various clinical parameters of rheumatoid
      arthritis studied was statistically significant. The side effects recorded were
      headache, which was severe in only 1 case, and "minor" disturbances of the gastro
      intestinal tract. A double blind crossover trial was carried out in 15 patients
      with rheumatoid arthritis to compare the action of Teoremac (420 mg/day for 14
      days) with that of indometacin (100 mg/day for 14 days). Under the conditions of
      the trial, the clinical findings showed Teoremac to be slightly superior to
      indometacin, but the difference was not significant statistically.

PMID- 1098672
TI  - [Insulin precursors--a historical synopsis. First diabetes treatment trials using
      pancreas extracts].
AB  - The highly interesting and successful attempts to treat diabetes with pancreas
      extracts deserve a historical review. Some of these experiments were performed
      long before the isolation and use of insulin by the Canadians Banting, Best,
      Macleod and Collip in 1921--22. Successful isolation of insulin, known as
      acomatol and pancreatin, was first carried out before the Canadian research
      workers published their results. Particular credit goes above all to Paulesco,
      Reuter and Zuelzer.

PMID- 1098673
TI  - Proceedings: 2. Rapid freezing in open cooling baths.

PMID- 1098674
TI  - Proceedings: Developments in cryofixation.

PMID- 1098675
TI  - Proceedings: The freeze-etch technique as the imperative method for the study of
      in vivo mesosomes.

PMID- 1098676
TI  - Experimental Shwartzman phenomenon in the heart muscle.
AB  - Intravenous injection of E. coli culture caused a sudden death in rabbits which
      were injected Streptococcus culture into the myocardium 24 h before the
      experiment. Pretreatment of animals with Trasylol-R, before injection of E. coli
      culture, caused an increase of survival time. In isolated Langendorff perfused
      heart from myocardially Streptococcus culture injected animals, E. coli culture
      filtrate caused a transitory increase and then a continuous decrease in coronary
      perfusion pressure together with an increase in heart rate. These findings are
      shown to be prevented by previous addition of Trasylol to the perfusion medium.
      According to these results it is speculated that a Shwartzman-like phenomenon can
      also occur in the heart muscle. The possible role of the activation of tissue
      kallikrein system in the production of this phenomenon is discussed.

PMID- 1098677
TI  - [Phalloidin antagonists. 2. Protective effect of disilybine in phalloidin
      poisoning of isolated hepatocytes].
AB  - Phalloidin produces marked protrusions on the surface of isolated hepatocytes
      prepared from rat livers. This typical in-vitro effect of the mushroom toxin is
      prevented or inhibited by preincubation with disilybin. The antagonistic effect
      depends on the concentration of disilybin and might be caused by an inhibition of
      phalloidin binding.

PMID- 1098679
TI  - [65th birthday of Professor Dr. med. Fritz Heim].

PMID- 1098678
TI  - Influence of D-penicillamine on the immune response of mice.
AB  - Studies on the influence of D-ss, ss-dimethylcystein (D-penicillamine,
      Metalcaptase-R) on the primary immune response of mice after immunization with
      sheep red blood cells show, that D-penicillamine up to doses of 20 mg/kg has no
      effect on the synthesis of hemagglutinating antibodies. Plaque forming cells in
      the spleen were not significantly reduced after administration of 80 mg/kg. A
      striking inhibition of the formation of immune rosettes is demonstrated. 80 mg/kg
      led to a significant reduction of rosette forming B-lymphocytes in the spleen.

PMID- 1098680
TI  - Dose-response effect of single and combined clofibrate (Atromidin) and niceritrol
      (Perycit) treatment on serum lipids and lipoproteins in type II
      hyperlipoproteinaemia.
AB  - The dose-response effects of clofibrate and niceritrol on serum cholesterol and
      triglycerides (TG) were studied in 29 patients with Type IIa and IIb
      hyperlipoproteinaemia. In 17 patients, clofibrate and niceritrol were then given
      as combined treatment, and the effects of this combination on serum lipoproteins
      were studied. Clofibrate was given in three doses: 1.5,2 and 2.5 g/day. The
      optimum effect on serum TG and cholesterol in patients with Type IIa was observed
      with the 1.5 g dose and higher doses did not lower the serum lipids further. In
      patients with Type IIb the optimal clofibrate dose was 1.5-2 g/day. Niceritrol
      was then given in three doses: 3,45 and 6 g/day. In patients with Type IIa the
      serum TG concentration was not significantly affected by any dose used, whereas
      the reduction of the serum cholesterol concentration was dose dependent. In
      patients with Type IIb the reduction of both serum TG and cholesterol was dose
      dependent. Combined treatment with 2 g clofibrate and 3 g niceritrol resulted in
      a normal lipoprotein pattern i 15 out of 17 patients. The reduction of the serum
      lipids was approximately the same as during treatment with 6 g niceritrol/day. No
      additional side-effects were observed during combined treatment.

PMID- 1098681
TI  - Mr. Edwin Cox, L.D.S., of Preston.

PMID- 1098682
TI  - The first mechanical toothbrush?

PMID- 1098683
TI  - Use of a dynamic method in calibration of dye-dilution curves during cardiac
      surgery.
AB  - A simplified dynamic method of calibration for dye-dilution curves is described.
      The method involves appropriate matching of the fluid volume in the mixing
      chamber, the blood withdrawal rate, and the calibration dose of dye. It was used
      to compare the observed versus calibrated pump output of a heart-lung machine
      with individual dye-dilution curves obtained from 15 patients during total
      cardiopulmonary bypass. The results indicate that the difference (range+14% to
      8%) between the two is statistically insignificant. The method is rapid and
      relatively simple. It is particularly useful for cardiac output determination
      during unsteady clinical conditions because of the ability to calibrate dye
      curves at the time they are recorded.

PMID- 1098685
TI  - Decreased incidence of reticulum cell sarcoma in whole body irradiated and bone
      marrow shielded mice.

PMID- 1098684
TI  - Procainamide and phenytoin. Comparative study of their antiarrhythmic effects at
      apparent therapeutic plasma levels.
AB  - The antiarrhythmic effects of procainamide and phenytoin were studied in 81
      patients admitted to the coronary care unit at the University Hospital in
      Linkoping because of a suspected or proven diagnosis of acute myocardial
      infarction, and who developed ventricular arrhyhmias, requiring treatment, during
      the first 8 hours in hospital. Patients were randomly allocated to a procainamide
      of phenytoin group. The drugs were given as intravenous and oral loading doses
      followed by oral maintenance therapy. Plasma levels of the two druge were
      frequently determined and the electrocardiogram was continuously recorded during
      the 24-hour trial and analysed minute by minute. A significantly higher frequency
      of therapeutic failure was found in the phenytoin group (23 of 35
      patients)compared to the procainamide group(13 of 39 aptients) during the first 2
      hours after initiation of therapy. Four patients in the phenytoin group and 2 in
      the procainamide group developed symptoms probably caused by the trial drugs,
      necessitating discontinuation of therapy. The mean plasma levels were usually
      within the apparent therapeutic range (for phenytoin 40-72 mumol/l (10-18
      mug/ml), and for procainamide 17-34 mumol/l (4-8 mug/ml). Seventeen patients
      (68%) in the phenytoin group and 10 patients (48%) in the procainamide group had
      plasma concentrations within this range when the therapeutic failure was
      observed. Nine patients died in hospital but only one of them during the trial.
      The results of this investigation clearly demonstrate the overall superiority of
      procainamide over phenytoin as an antiarrhythmic drug in short-term therapy after
      acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1098686
TI  - The activation of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) by yeast extracts.

PMID- 1098687
TI  - The influence of treatment of the paralesional skin with dithranol on healing in
      psoriasis.
AB  - Application of dithranol confined to the normal skin surrounding thirty-six
      psoriatic lesions produced improvement in twenty-four lesions, which was
      significantly more than the improvement noted in four of thirty-six control
      lesions left untreated. Such healing was temporary and slower than in lesions
      treated conventionally. It is suggested that the apparently normal skin around a
      psoriatic lesion under treatment influences the psoriasis.

PMID- 1098688
TI  - 5-Fluorouracil in the treatment of common warts of the hands. A double-blind
      study.
AB  - A double-blind study was carried out to compare the action of 5-fluorouracil and
      10% salicylic acid varnish with that of a 10% salicylic acid varnish on common
      warts. Fifty per cent of the lesions disappeared with the combined preparation
      and only 4% with the varnish containing salicylic acid alone. The presence of
      warts on the hands of 45.8% of the female workers of a fowl slaughterhouse is
      described.

PMID- 1098689
TI  - A controlled trial on the use of topical 5-fluorouracil on viral warts.
AB  - A double-blind controlled trial was performed on the use of topical 5% 5
      fluorouracil ointment as a treatment for viral warts. The results showed the 5
      fluorouracil to be better than the placebo.

PMID- 1098690
TI  - Percivall Pott and cancer scroti.

PMID- 1098691
TI  - Photoaffinity labeling of the ribosomal A site with S-(p-azidophenacyl)valyl
      tRNA.
AB  - S-(p-Azidophenacyl)valyl-tRNA, an analog of valyl-tRNA which has a photoaffinity
      label attached to its 4-thiouridine residue, was bound to the ribosomal A site at
      10 mM Mg2+. Binding was stimulated 25-fold by the presence of elongation factor
      EFTu. Photoactivation of the p-azidophenacyl group by irradiation resulted in
      covalent linking of 6% of the noncovalently bound tRNA to the ribosomes. Covalent
      linking was dependent on the simultaneous presence of ribosomes,
      poly(U2,G),EFTu.GTP, required irradiation, and did not occur when S
      (phenacyl)valyl-tRNA, a nonphotolyzable analog, replaced S-(p-azidophenacyl)valyl
      tRNA. The attached tRNA was distributed approximately equally between both the
      30S and 50S subunits. At the 30S subunit, 30% of the tRNA was bound to protein
      while 70% was linked to 16S RNA. At the 50S subunit, however, negligible binding
      to the 23S RNA was observed. More than 90% of the tRNA was attached to low
      molecular weight material according to sodium dodecyl sulfate-sucrose gradient
      analysis, and more than 87% of this fraction consisted of tRNA-protein complexes
      as assayed by phenol solubility and electrophoretic mobility before and after
      protease treatment. These results, in conjunction with our previous report (I.
      Schwartz and J Ofengand (1974), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71, 3951) which
      showed that covalent linking of this same tRNA derivative at the ribosomal P site
      resulted in attachment solely to the 16S RNA, demonstrate that 16S, but not 23S
      or 5S rRNA, is an important component of the tRNA binding site in the region of
      the 4-thiouridine residue and furthermore show that ribosomal A and P sites are
      topologically distinct.

PMID- 1098692
TI  - Purification and properties of nucleic acids from an unusual cytoplasmic
      organelle in the flagellate protozoan Crithidia oncopelti.
AB  - A simple, rapid method for preparing bipolar bodies from sonicated (rithidia
      oncopelti cells, with a yield of 2-5%, is described. Apart from 2-4%
      contamination with unbroken cells the fraction was considered pure with respect
      to contamination by other nucleic acid-containing organelles, as judged by light
      and electron microscopy. A light satellite DNA, f bouyant density 1.695 g/ml in
      neutral CsCl, and derived from the bipolar body, had a Tm of 81.6 degrees C
      in0.15 M NaCl/0.015 M sodium citrate (pH 7.0) and a kinetic complexity of 2.7
      with 109. The bipolar body fraction also contained ribonucleoprotein particles
      with and s20,w of 67 S, in contrast to cytoplasmic ribosomes (87 S). Bipolar body
      ribosomes contained rRNA components which migraged coincidentally with
      Escherichia coli rRNA (molecular weights 1.07 with 10-6 and 0.56 with 10-6) on
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Cytoplasmic ribosomes contained rRNAs of
      molecular weights 1.30 with 10-6 and 0.83 with 10-6. Bipolar body rRNA accounted
      for up to 10% of the rRNA extracted from cells. The properties of these bipolar
      body nucleic acids provide good evidence for the bacterial nature of this
      subcellular component.

PMID- 1098693
TI  - Photoinduced convalent crosslinkage, in situ, of Escherichia coli 50 S ribosomal
      proteins to rRNA.
AB  - Irradiation of aqueous solutions of Escherichia coli 50 S ribosomal subunits with
      253.7 nm light results in the covalent crosslinkage of the rRNA and protein
      components. Neither peptide bond cleavage nor protein-protein crosslinkage
      accompanies the crosslinkage reactionmin addition, substantial photoinduced
      modifications in the primary structure of the ribosomal proteins, other than
      crosslinkage to rRNA, are not detected. The crosslinkage of the ribosomal
      proteins to the rRNA proroceeds in two discrete, dose-dependent steps. The first
      step, requires an input of up to 3 with 10-20 Quanta of 253.7nm radiation, and
      results in the crosslinkage of less than half of the ribosomal proteins to the
      rRNA. The second step requires an input of greater than 3 with 10-20 Quanta of
      253.7 nm radiation, and results in the crosslinkage of the remaining ribosomal
      proteins to the rRNA. The possible relationship of the nature of the corsslinkage
      reaction to the spatial orientations of the rRNA and protein molecules in the
      intact 50 S ribosomal subunits is discussed.

PMID- 1098694
TI  - The characterization of energized and partially de-energized (respiration
      independent) beta-galactoside transport into Escherichia coli.
AB  - Unidirectional fluxes of [14C]lactose by whole cells of Escherichia coli under
      highly energized and partially de-energized (in the presence of CN-) conditions
      are analyzed kinetically. When the cells are energized, the value for V influx is
      0.45 +/- 0.01 mM internal concentration increment/s and Kt is 0.26 +/- 0.03 mM.
      At an external concentration of 0.61 mM the steady-state internal concentration
      is 0.25 M, reached after about 1h. The maximum steady-state concentration ratio
      is 2-10(3). The efflux process under these conditions is non-saturable, being
      linearly dependent upon internal concentration over the range 25-250 mM with a
      first-order rate constant of 8.8 +/- 0.2-10(-4) S-1. The transport in the
      presence of CN- is active, with a maximum concentration ratio (internal
      concentration/external concentration) of 104, and the uptake is mimicked by
      anoxia (less than 70 ppm O2). The effects of CN- are to lower the V for influx
      and to change the efflux from a non-saturable to a saturable process with a value
      for Kt (60 mM) intermediate between that for energized efflux (greater than 250
      mM) and influx (0.3-0.6 mM), the latter value not changing appreciably. Partial
      de-energization thus affects both the influx and efflux processes.

PMID- 1098695
TI  - The effects of organic solvents on Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III.
AB  - The polymerizing ability of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase III is enhanced by a
      variety of water-miscible organic solvents of which dimethyl sulfoxide at 17%
      (v/v) is the most effective tested. The extent of stimulation depends on the
      organic solvent used and its concentration, but shows no obvious correlation with
      the chemical structure of the solvent or its dielectric constant. Kinetic studies
      indicate that the mechanism of stimulation is complex.

PMID- 1098696
TI  - Degradation of double-stranded RNA by a monomeric derivative of ribonuclease BS
      1.
AB  - Double-stranded RNA, resistant to the action of pancreatic monomeric RNAase A, is
      actively degraded by seminal dimeric RNAase BS-1. Evidence is presented that a
      monomeric derivative of seminal RNAase degrades double-stranded RNA as
      efficiently as the parent dimeric molecule. This finding is discussed in the
      light of the hypothesis previously advanced that two active sites simultaneously
      available on an enzyme molecule may be responsible for degradation of double
      stranded polyribonucleotides.

PMID- 1098697
TI  - Isolation and properties of the transcription complex of Escherichia coli RNA
      polymerase.
AB  - A procedure is described which permits complete separation of a transcription
      complex formed with template DNA, growing RNA chain and functioning RNA
      polymerase, from RNA polymerase molecules which have bound to DNA but not
      initiated RNA synthesis. The method is based on the marked stability of the
      transcription complex to dissociation by high concentrations of CsCl or CS2SO4
      which enable banding the complex after equilibrium centrifugation. With use of
      the newly developed procedure, affinity of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase to T7
      phage DNA was found to increase during initiation of RNA synthesis but then
      decrease concomitant with elongation of RNA chain presumably due to migration of
      the enzyme to DNA sites of weak affinity. Under the conditions of maximum
      affinity, the transcription complex contained one core polymerase for each T7 DNA
      if it was isolated by centrifugation in CsCl; in contrast, 2-6 enzyme molecules
      remained attached on the complex when the centrifugation was carried out in
      Cs2SO4. Thus, RNA polymerases bound to different sites of transcription
      initiation appear to be distinguished based on the affinity of interaction.
      Attempts are also described to isolate the transcription complex in vivo by
      Cs2SO4 centrifugation by Brij 58-deoxycholate lysate of lysozyme-treated
      Escherichia coli cells. The isolated complex contained approx. 50 polymerase
      molecules per Escherichia coli genome as well as other unidentified proteins.

PMID- 1098698
TI  - [Automatic interpretation of electronystagmograms (author's transl)].

PMID- 1098699
TI  - Investigation of the thermal unfolding of secondary and tertiary structure in E.
      coli tRNAfMet by high-resolution Nmr.

PMID- 1098701
TI  - Classification of hereditary disorders of sexual development.

PMID- 1098700
TI  - Stereomolecular interactions and microsystems in experimental protobiogenesis.

PMID- 1098702
TI  - Gonadal dysgenesis and abnormalities of the human sex chromosomes: current status
      of phenotypic-karyotypic correlations.

PMID- 1098703
TI  - Perspectives on acute enteric disease epidemiology and control.
AB  - This paper reviews the major epidemiologic features of the acute enteric diseases
      and outlines a plan for their prevention and control in developing countries.
      Annual mortality from enteric diseases ranges from 10 per 1000,000 in highly
      developed countries to as much as 500 per 100,000 in developing countries. Most
      agents of enteric disease are spread by one of two routes: direct person-to
      person contact or ingestion of contaminated vehicles (food or water). An
      effective control program should therefore focus on common epidemiologic factors,
      rather than on agent-specific remedies such as vaccines or antibiotics. The major
      operational components of such a program should include oral fluid replacement
      therapy, improvements in environmental sanitation, health education to promote
      personal hygiene and proper food handling, and epidemiologic surveillance to
      monitor public health needs and evaluate the impact of health measures.

PMID- 1098704
TI  - Proceedings: Non-invasive measurement of regional interstitial water spaces,
      capillary permeabilities and solute fluxes in the lungs, using a radio-isotope
      method.

PMID- 1098706
TI  - "Quilted" skin grafting in the mouth.

PMID- 1098705
TI  - [Allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma: antagonistic effect of a
      synthetic anticholinergic drug (author's transl)].
AB  - In ten allergic patients, the effect of inhaltion of increasing quantities of
      grass pollen on specific airways resistance (SRaw, measured by plethysmography)
      was estimated after preliminary inhalation of a placebo and of a synthetic
      anticholinergic drug (SCH 10000). After placebo, the inhalation of grass pollen
      induced in all cases a bronchoconstriction (mean increase of SRaw : 170 %). After
      SCH 1000, and for the same quantity of pollen inhaled, seven patients were
      entirely protected against the bronchoconstrictor effect of the allergen ; for
      the whole group, the observed bronchoconstriction was significantly lower (p less
      than 0.01, mean increase of SRaw : 60 %). The possible mechanisms of this
      protection are discussed. The results suggest that SCH 1000 could be used as a
      preventive drug in pollinic asthma.

PMID- 1098707
TI  - Cranio-pelvic immobilisation following free skin grafting of the neck.

PMID- 1098708
TI  - The use of Opsite, a vapour permeable dressing, on skin graft donor sites.
AB  - A trial of a moisture vapour permeable dressing (Opsite) on split-skin graft
      donor sites of 53 patients has been carried out. The main advantages were freedom
      from pain, early healing and lack of bulky dressings. The disadvantages were post
      operative leakage of fluid from under the Opsite and fragility of the newly
      healed donor site for the first few days. An occlusive dressing for the first 48
      hours post-operatively is suggested to help overcome the leakage problem, and
      care of the healed donor site, with particular emphasis on not removing Opsite
      that is adherent to it, is stressed.

PMID- 1098709
TI  - Burli (mycobacterial) ulcers in Caucasians in Nigeria.
AB  - Seven Caucasians with Buruli ulcers have been treated. The disease did not behave
      differently in them from its behaviour in Africans nor has liability to infection
      any racial basis. Surgical removal with or without skin grafting is the treatment
      of choice.

PMID- 1098710
TI  - Reduction mammaplasty and other skin excisions as sources of homograft skin.

PMID- 1098711
TI  - The length: breadth ratio of skin flaps on the trunk: two new long narrow flaps.
AB  - Our experience of skin flaps on the trunk is reviewed. A single-pedicle flap
      based on the sterno-clavicular region and a bipedicled longitudinal back flap
      have length: breadth ratios much in excess of random pattern flaps.

PMID- 1098712
TI  - Hypospadias repair using polyglycolic acid sutures.
AB  - A two-stage hypospadias repair is described and the results of 50 consecutive
      cases are reported in which polyglycolic acid sutures were used.

PMID- 1098713
TI  - Aggressive non-irradiated basal cell carcinoma of forehead treated by free flap
      transfer.
AB  - A case of recurrent basal cell carcinoma resistant to repeated excision is
      reported. The forehead defect was covered with a deltopectoral free flap transfer
      in which 1 artery and 2 veins were anastomosed.

PMID- 1098714
TI  - Obituary, A.B. Wallace.

PMID- 1098715
TI  - Editorial: Braille anniversary.

PMID- 1098716
TI  - Obituary: constance M. Stenner-Evans.

PMID- 1098717
TI  - Obituary: J. K. Steward.

PMID- 1098718
TI  - Editorial: Shellfish in summer.

PMID- 1098719
TI  - Editorial: Renal transplantation in diabetes.

PMID- 1098720
TI  - Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone treatment for induction of follicular maturation
      and ovulation in amenorrhoeic women with anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Follicular maturation and ovulation can be induced in amenorrhoeic women with
      anorexia nervosa by long-term treatment with 500 mug of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH) every eight hours. In some women, however, treatment
      with LH-RH alone results in ovulatory menstrual cycles with indications of luteal
      phase insufficiency. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was therefore given with
      LH-RH during three treatment cycles. This resulted in ovulation and normal corpus
      luteum function, as shown by the occurrence of a single pregnancy in the only
      involuntarily sterile patient. During the prolonged LH-RH treatment the LH
      response to LH-RH increased in parallel with the increased oestrogen secretion
      while the follicle-stimulating hormone response to LH-RH decreased. These changes
      in the pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH may result from modulating effects on
      the pituitary by the sex steroids.

PMID- 1098721
TI  - Value of prednisone in combination chemotherapy of stage IV Hodgkin's disease.
      Report from the British National Lymphoma Investigation.
AB  - A combination of mustine, vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, and prednisione
      (MOPP) and the same combination without prednisone (MOP) were compared in the
      treatment of stage IV Hodgkin's disease in a prospective randomized trial. The
      complete remission rates were 80% with MOPP and 44% with MOP; the difference was
      highly significant. Prednisone seems to be an important component of the MOPP
      combination in the management of stage IV Hodgkin's disease.

PMID- 1098722
TI  - Sir Charles Scarburgh.

PMID- 1098723
TI  - A. H. Millard.

PMID- 1098724
TI  - K. Hunter.

PMID- 1098725
TI  - R. A. King.

PMID- 1098726
TI  - Failure of low-dose heparin to improve efficacy of peroperative intermittent calf
      compression in preventing postoperative deep vein thrombosis.
AB  - The possible benefits of adding a low-dose heparin regimen to the technique of
      peroperative intermittent calf compression for preventing deep vein thrombosis
      (D.V.T.) were assessed in a randomized trial in 84 surgical patients. The
      efficacy of peroperative intermittent calf compression was not enhanced by a low
      dose heparin regimen, but neither was it worsened. Age, weight, duration,
      operation, and malignant disease did not affect the relative effectiveness of the
      two regimens of prophylaxis. The results confirmed that venous stasis is the
      principal cause of D.V.T.

PMID- 1098727
TI  - Immunopotentiation with levamisole in resectable bronchogenic carcinoma: a double
      blind controlled trial; Study Group for Bronchogenic Carcinoma.
AB  - A long-term multicentre double-blind study was designed to test the immunotropic
      effects of levamisole in patients undergoing operation for primary bronchial
      carcinoma. They received levamisole 50 mg three times a day by mouth or placebo
      for three days every fortnight, starting three days before surgery. Unless there
      was clinical evidence of recurrence, cytostatic drugs, corticosteroids, and
      radiotherapy were prohibited. In the 111 patients who have been followed up for
      one year the incidence of side effects was similar in both groups. Recurrences
      occurred in 10 out of 51 patients (seven deaths) receiving levamisole and in 20
      out of 60 (12 deaths) receiving placebo. Further analysis showed that there were
      fewer recurrences on levamisole in patients with squamous cell carcinomas and
      medium and large primary tumours and fewer suspected and proved recurrences and
      deaths from metastases on levamisole in patients with extended tumours. Distant
      recurrences tended to be less common with levamisole, whereas the disease-free
      interval in relapsing patients was almost identical in the two groups. These
      interim results show that levamisole seems to exert its beneficial effect by
      preventing immunosuppression due to surgery.

PMID- 1098728
TI  - C.J. Massey Dawkins M.A., M.D., D.A., F.F.A.R.C.S.

PMID- 1098729
TI  - Major-General W.F. Tyndall.

PMID- 1098730
TI  - Application of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the serodiagnosis
      of syphilis.
AB  - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique, using an ultrasonicate
      of Treponema pallidum as antigen, has been evaluated as a serological test for
      syphilis. It is concluded that the test is simple, reliable, and relatively quick
      and that its sensitivity in all stages of syphilis is equal to the FTAABS test.
      Because its specificity is probably also high, ELISA might be used in future as a
      first-line screening test for the serodiagnosis of syphilis.

PMID- 1098732
TI  - Treatment of trichomoniasis in the female. A comparison of metronidazole and
      nimorazole.
AB  - The effectiveness of metronidazole (Flagyl) and nimorazole (Naxogin) has been
      compared by using these drugs in the recommended dosage in alternate patients in
      a series of 218 consecutive cases of vaginal trichomoniasis. Follow-up tests in
      100 patients treated with metronidazole and 97 treated with nimorazole indicated
      cure-rates of 95 and 82 per cent. respectively. Male consorts were examined and
      given treatment on epidemiological grounds in about 70 per cent. of both
      treatment groups. Both drugs were free from significant side-effects. The causes
      of treatment failure in trichomoniasis are discussed and the desirability of
      relating dosage to the patient's body-weight is suggested. This factor may be
      especially important in deciding the dosage given on epidemiological grounds to
      the male consorts. It may also be an important advantage in the current trend of
      treating trichomoniasis in both sexes with larger doses over a much shorter time.

PMID- 1098731
TI  - Automation of a flocculation test for syphilis on Groupamatic equipment.
AB  - A flocculation reaction employing a cardiolipid antigen was used for syphilis
      screening on Groupamatic equipment in parallel with conventional screening
      reactions: Kolmer CF, RPCF, Kahn, Kline, and RPR. The positive samples were
      confirmed by FTA-200, FTA-ABS, TPI, and in some cases by TPHA. There were 5,212
      known samples which had already been tested by all methods and of which 1,648
      were positive, and 58,636 screened samples including 65 positives. Half of the
      samples in the first series were taken without anticoagulant; the remainder were
      collected in potassium EDTA. The percentage of false positives with the
      Groupamatic was about 1-4 per cent. The percentage of false negatives among
      positve (greater than or equal+) samples varied from 0-18 to 1-3 per cent.; on
      the other hand the sensitivity was less good for samples giving doubtful and/or
      dissociated reactions in conventional screening reactions. The specificity and
      sensitivity of this technique are acceptable for a blood transfusion centre. The
      reproducibility is excellent and the automatic reading of results accurate.
      Additional advantages are rapidity (340 samples processed per hour); simultaneous
      performance of eleven other immunohaematological reactions; no contamination
      between samples; automatic reading, interpretation, and print-out of results; and
      saving of time because samples are not filed sequentially and are automatically
      identified when the results are obtained. Although the importance of syphilis in
      blood transfusion seems small, estimates of the risk are difficult and further
      investigations are planned.

PMID- 1098733
TI  - The control of venereal disease.

PMID- 1098734
TI  - Electron microscopy of experimental axonal degeneration in photochemically
      modified Golgi preparations: a procedure for precise mapping of nervous
      connections.
AB  - A new version is presented of a procedure for bleaching (deimpregnating) silver
      chromate Golgi preparations through ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation followed
      by thiosulphate treatment, leaving only scattered particles of metallic silver.
      This version gives a better ultrastructure of the tissue than obtained before.
      Moreover, the results of studying a specific connection in such material are
      reported. The perforant path, connecting the entorhinal area with the hippocampus
      and fascia dentata, was transected in the rat and after a 2-day survival the
      brain was subjected to Golgi impregnation followed by the deimpregnation
      procedure. Blocks of tissue containing impregnated fascia dentata granule cell
      dendrites were selected for electron microscopy. Postsynaptic thickenings
      associated with degenerated boutons could be discerned within the deimpregnated
      dendrites, proving that the entorhino-dentate fibres end on the dendrites of the
      granule cells (smooth surfaces as well as spines) and that they end at asymmetric
      junctions (of Gray's type 1). While this conclusion was as expected from previous
      experimental studies carried out with different methods it is thought that the
      same strategy for cell-to-cell mapping of nervous connections may be used also in
      other parts of the central nervous system.

PMID- 1098735
TI  - A Golgi and electron microscopical study of nerve cells in layer I of the cat
      auditory cortex.
AB  - The nerve cells of the plexiform layer of the cat auditory cortex were studied in
      Golgi rapid preparations, and by electron microscopy. In the Golgi material 178
      cells were found. Thirty were horizontal cells (Cajal's cells) with spiny
      dendrites and a long axon with horizontal trajectory. Seventy-two small cells had
      smooth dendrites and a short axon branching profusely around the perikaryon,
      within the plexiform layer. Twenty-eight were slightly larger cells,
      morphologically similar to the small ones, but their axons and dendrites were
      longer, extending to layer II. Twenty-five cells had large bottle-shaped
      perikarya, spiny dendrites reaching layer II, and a vertically oriented axon
      branching in layer II, and sometimes reaching layer III. In addition, 23 small
      modified pyramidal cells, similar to those of layer II, were found within the
      boundaries of layer I. In the most superficial 50 mum of the cortex horizontal
      cells were found, but the other categories were very rare. The 3 categories of
      short axon cells were preferentially localized between 50 and 150 mum from the
      pial surface. By electron microscopy two classes of cells were found. The first
      had abundant mitochondria, well defined Nissl bodies and few axosomatic synapses.
      The second had few mitochondria, undefined Nissl bodies and 6-8 axosomatic
      synapses per profile. Desmosome-like membrane specializations were found between
      perikarya of the second class and pyramidal dendrites or their spines. It is
      suggested that the first class of cells found by electron microscopy may
      correspond to the horizontal cells while the second class may correspond to the 3
      categories of short axon cells.

PMID- 1098736
TI  - In vivo localization of brain sulci by arteriography: a stereotactic
      anatomoradiological study.
AB  - The authors studied the course of the cortical arteries using the Talairach
      stereotactic system (orthogonal 4.8 m teleradiography, with rigid fixation of the
      skull in the stereotactic frame) in both anatomical specimens and normal
      bilateral carotid angiographies of epileptic patients. Anatomoradiological
      correlations between arterial patterns and underlying brain surface were
      identified by detailed 3-dimensional analysis of brain-skull preparations, where
      gyri and injected arteries were dissected progressively with stereotactic X-ray
      and photographic pictures taken at each step. The vascular landmarks so
      identified were studied in stereoscopic arteriographies that give a direct
      visualization of the spatial relationships of the arterial tree moulding the
      cortical surface thus allowing the recognition of the localization of the
      principal gyri and sulci. The latter were drawn on stereotactic diagrams. The
      basic sulcal pattern as shown by the arteries is strikingly symmetrical in both
      hemispheres of the same individual, in spite of variability in branching of the
      arterial tree. The disposition of the vascular landmarks in the retroinsular
      region reflects the left-right asymmetry of the planum temporale that can be
      recognized in vivo. This can give a clue to the study of anatomofunctional
      correlations with regard to speech dominance. A limited first series studied in
      this respect strongly suggests a close relationship between anatomical and
      functional asymmetry of the human cerebral hemispheres. Generally speaking, the
      authors feel that 3- dimensional, anatomical interpretation of angiography
      permits a direct localization of brain structures including the cortex, that can
      be used instead of indirect localization landmarks in stereotactic explorations,
      and further, that the wealth of anatomical information that can be drawn from
      angiography with their method may be helpful in diagnosis or for planning
      surgery.

PMID- 1098737
TI  - [History of the Society of Medical Students in Bratislava. 8. Before Munich].

PMID- 1098738
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Milos Nosal MD].

PMID- 1098739
TI  - [Deformation of caput mandibulae caused by the injury in the older bronze age
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1098740
TI  - [History of the society of Medical Students in Bratislava. 9. New situation].

PMID- 1098742
TI  - [Anniversary of Zdenka Novotna, M.D].

PMID- 1098741
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Jaroslav Horejsi, M.D., D.Sc., Member Correspondent of
      the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 1098743
TI  - [60th birthday of Assistant Prof. Karol Virsik, M.D., D. Sc].

PMID- 1098744
TI  - [The influence of Mycobacterium bovis BCG-prague, respectively of Mycobacterium
      smegmatis on the growth of the intratracheally transplanted Deal's sarcoma in
      guinea pigs (author's transl)].

PMID- 1098745
TI  - [85th birthday of Academician V. Laufberger].

PMID- 1098746
TI  - Heat destruction of some bacterial strains attached to broiler skin.
AB  - 1. Heat destruction of bacteria attached to the skin did not occur at a
      logarithmic rate provided the temperature was above 51 degrees C. 2. It was
      concluded that the bacteria are protected by their location in the skin surface
      rather than by polymers produced during attachment. 3. An analogous process is
      considered to take place during the scalding of broilers, since bacteria which
      survived were difficult to remove from the carcasses during further processing.

PMID- 1098747
TI  - Further studies on the attachment of bacteria to skin.
AB  - 1. A proportion of the bacterial flora of the skin is present in the surrounding
      water film and can be removed by adequate rinsing. 2. The remainder of the flora
      is attached to the skin in such a manner that numbers can be reduced only 10-fold
      during spray-cooling or spin-chilling. 3. The reduction process was found to be
      independent of bacterial type or the extent of previous contamination. 4. The
      significance of the "water film flora" is discussed with respect to the
      attachment of bacteria and the cleaning of carcasses.

PMID- 1098748
TI  - The effectiveness of in-plant chlorination in poultry processing.
AB  - 1. Sampling carcasses after plucking or after the post-evisceration spray-wash
      showed that 10 or 20 ppm available chlorine in the processing-plant water supply
      caused little reduction in carcass contamination. 2. When 20 ppm chlorine was
      used in the water supply to parts of the processing-plant other than the
      mechanical immersion chilling system, counts of faecal and spoilage bacteria from
      carcasses were reduced approximately 10-fold after passage through the chilling
      system; bacterial carry-over of chlorine from the final spray-washer. 3.
      Artificial contamination of carcasses with a readily identifiable strain of
      Escherichia coli confirmed the occurrence of cross-contamination during plucking
      and evisceration; in-plant chlorination reduced neither the proportion of
      carasses contaminated nor the numbers of organisms transferred at these stages.
      4. In most cases the chlorine-resistance of poultry spoilage pseudomonads was
      greater than that of E. coli; hence in-plant chlorination is to be recommended
      for processing-plant water supplies which carry such spoilage organisms.

PMID- 1098749
TI  - [Recent progress in the hormonal treatment of sterility].

PMID- 1098750
TI  - [List of members of the Belgium Royal Academy of Medicine for 1974].

PMID- 1098751
TI  - Althesin and thiopentone: a clinical comparison.
AB  - Althesin was compared with thiopentone in a double blind study of 200 patients
      undergoing gynaecological operations. Althesin in a dose of 0.05 ml/kg was found
      to be an excellent induction agent, virtually devoid of undesirable side effects;
      however, when used as the principal anaesthetic (supplemented only by 66 per cent
      nitrous oxide in oxygen), the incidence of disturbing movements was high.
      Recovery time from Althesin was one-third of that after thiopentone. The patients
      recovering from Althesin were remarkably clearheaded with a low incidence of
      "hangover".

PMID- 1098752
TI  - Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation for anaesthesia and resuscitation: a
      review and report of complications.
AB  - Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation with intermittent jets of oxygen under
      high pressure has been used for approximately five years. This paper briefly
      reviews published reports on the use of this technique for resuscitation and
      during anaesthesia. Complications occurring in the reports reviewed are
      tabulated. The complications occurring in a series of 80 patients (52 elective
      prior to anaesthesia and 28 for acute respiratory distress) at the Pittsburgh Eye
      and Ear Hospital are documented. This includes three detailed case reports. No
      deaths and few serious complications have so far been reported, particularly with
      the elective use of transtracheal ventilation. This technique has established
      itself as an important adjunct in life support. When used in properly selected
      cases, its continued use appears justified.

PMID- 1098753
TI  - Two actions of juvenile hormone on the follicle cells of Rhodnius prolixus Stal.

PMID- 1098754
TI  - Induction of ovulation in goldfish by synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone(LH-RH).

PMID- 1098755
TI  - Antazoline therapy of recurrent refractory supraventricular arrhythmias--a
      preliminary report.
AB  - Seven patients with chronic or recurrent supraventricular tachyarrhythmias were
      selected for a trial of antazoline therapy because sinus rhythm or a controlled
      ventricular response could not be achieved with quinidine, procainamide,
      digitalis or propranolol. Sinus rhythm was established by either intravenous
      administration of antazoline or direct-current countershock, and has been
      maintained in all for 4 to 16 months by oral administration of antazoline. Side
      effects were minor. Antazoline is a sufficiently promising antiarrhythmic agent
      to warrant large-scale controlled studies.

PMID- 1098757
TI  - A century of care: a future of caring.

PMID- 1098756
TI  - Aldosterone and renin in essential hypertension.
AB  - A review of some recent laboratory findings indicates definite disturbances in
      aldosterone metabolism and regulation in patients with mild essential
      hypertension: (a) a significant mean increase in plasma aldosterone concentration
      in patients with mild and stable essential hypertension, in contrast to the
      absence of any difference in patients with labile borderline essential
      hypertension when in a normotensive phase, compared with control subjects; and
      (b) a significant mean decrease in metabolic clearance rate of aldosterone,
      associated with a 12% decrease in hepatic blood flow and an increased binding of
      aldosterone to a transcortin-like plasma globulin. The secretion rate of 18
      hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone is above the upper range of normal in 60% of
      patients with mild, uncomplicated essential hypertension. The incidence of low
      renin hypertension, when age and race are taken into account, is much lower than
      previously assumed. Unless measurements are repeated over a long period, one or
      two low values of plasma renin cannot be considered a permanent marker indicating
      a special category of patients with essential hypertension. Tonin, a new enzyme
      discovered by Boucher, which forms angiotensin II directly from a plasma protein,
      from the tetradecapeptide substrate and from angiotensin I, is present in most
      tissues, but in highest concentration in the submaxillary gland. This enzyme is
      under the control of beta-adrenergic receptors.

PMID- 1098758
TI  - Research and the quality of medical care at The Hospital for Sick Children.

PMID- 1098759
TI  - Effect of chronic renal failure, dialysis and transplantation on motor nerve
      conduction velocity in children.
AB  - Ulnar and peroneal motor nerve conduction volocities (MNCVs) were measured in 47
      children in a dialysis-transplantation program. Mean peroneal MNCV was
      significantly decreased from normal in children with mild renal failure (serum
      creatinine concentration, 1.5 to 2.9 mg/dl), whereas ulnar MNCV was significantly
      decreased only when the serum creatinine value was at least 9 mg/dl. Both ulnar
      and peroneal MNCVs remained unchanged during long-term hemodialysis or peritoneal
      dialysis; however, after individual dialyses ulnar MNCV increased. After renal
      transplantation ulnar MNCV returned to normal within a year and peroneal MNCV
      within 3 years. Before dialysis was required and during long-term dialysis most
      plasma magnesium values were elevated; ionized calcium activity was decreased in
      about 50% of determinations. After transplantation and the concentration of
      divalent cations rapidly returned to normal. These children differed from adults
      studied in that (a) there was no correlation between severity of renal failure
      and MNCV, (b) long-term dialysis did not improve MNCV and (c) peroneal velocities
      did not recover for 3 years after transplantation.

PMID- 1098760
TI  - Surgical management of bacterial meningitis.
AB  - A variety of associated lesions may require the neurosurgeon's assistance in the
      management of bacterial meningitis. As treatment of this infection of the central
      nervous system proceeds, the surgeon will have to decide about the concurrent or
      subsequent operative treatment of congenital dysraphic states, paraneural
      infections, compound fractures or penetrating wounds of thecranium or spine, or
      infected bypass shunts for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In patients with
      intractable meningitic infections the surgeon may have to insert a ventricular
      drainage-irrigation system to permit adequate perfusion of the CSF pathways with
      antibiotic. Hydrocephalus or subdural effusions complicating meningitis may bring
      the patient to the surgeon long after the infection has been cured. This paper
      examines these problems and outlines the current principles of management.

PMID- 1098761
TI  - Alan Brown, the man.

PMID- 1098762
TI  - Toronto's sick kids' hospital is 100 years young this year.

PMID- 1098763
TI  - Microbial quality and shelf-life of raw ground beef.

PMID- 1098764
TI  - Combined androgen and antimetabolite therapy of advanced female breast cancer. A
      report of the cooperative breast cancer group.
AB  - A clinical trial of androgen and antimetabolite therapy of advanced female breast
      cancer was conducted in 110 patients by the Cooperative Breast Cancer Group. An
      objective regression rate of 20% was achieved in women receiving oral
      testolactone, 6% in patients given intravenous fluorouracil alone, and 14% when
      the androgen and antimetabolite were administered together. This randomized trial
      according to the CBCG protocol did not produce the high regression rate noted
      previously in a nonrandomized, nonprotocol evaluation of these drugs.

PMID- 1098765
TI  - Proliferation-dependent cytotoxicity of anticancer agents: a review.
AB  - One of the factors of importance in determining the killing of mammalian cells
      following exposure to a variety of anticancer agents is the proliferative state
      of the cell population. Generally, proliferating cells are much more sensitive to
      anticancer agents than are nonproliferating cells. In this review, the cellular
      aspects of this differential sensitivity are discussed with the hemopoietic stem
      cell population and tissue culture cells as the focus for the analysis. This
      phenomenon is not only of concern to the cell biologist but also has implications
      with regard to scheduling of anticancer agents against human tumors.

PMID- 1098766
TI  - Chromosome studies in acute leukemias developing in patients with multiple
      myeloma.
AB  - Chromosomal findings are reported in three patients with acute myelomonocytic
      leukemia and in one with reticulosarcoma leukemia who had been treated for
      multiple myeloma with melphalan and X-ray. All four patients had striking
      chromosomal anomalies. An iatrogenic causation of aneuploidy is suggested. This
      is supported by chromosomal findings in patients with acute leukemia following
      polycythemia vera and Hodgkin's disease; practically all of the leukemias have
      been aneuploid. A comparison is made of such "secondary" acute leukemias with
      "primary" acute leukemias that are aneuploid in only 40% of the cases.
      Chromosomal changes are not considered to be the initial event in leukemogenesis.

PMID- 1098767
TI  - Training programs of the National Cancer Institute.

PMID- 1098768
TI  - [Czechoslovak sexuology after the liberation].

PMID- 1098769
TI  - [Hospital care at Prostejov in the 18. century (author's transl)].

PMID- 1098770
TI  - [Coat of arms of Jan Evangelista Purkinje].

PMID- 1098771
TI  - [The 75th birthday of Prof. Jan Knobloch, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1098772
TI  - [30 years of Czechoslovak urology].

PMID- 1098773
TI  - [In memory of Academician Alexander Ivanovich Arutiunov].

PMID- 1098774
TI  - [Our forensic medicine and its development during the last 30 years].

PMID- 1098775
TI  - [Clinical laboratory experiences with co-trimoxazole].

PMID- 1098776
TI  - [Comparison of the effects of ftorafur and 5-fluorouracil in breast cancer
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1098777
TI  - [30 years of sport medicine at the School for General Medicine of the Charles'
      University in Prague].

PMID- 1098778
TI  - [Prof. Bohumil Niederle sen.--outstanding Czech surgeon. 100th anniversary of his
      birthday].

PMID- 1098779
TI  - A mutant of escherichia coli defective in removing 3' terminal nucleotides from
      some transfer RNA precursor molecules.
AB  - The conversion of precursor RNA into bacteriophage T4 proline and serine transfer
      RNAs includes two steps for the enzymatic removal of nucleotides from the 3' ends
      of RNA chains. Neither of these steps occur following infection of a mutant of
      Escherichia coli that was previously shown to block the suppressor function of T4
      serine transfer RNA. Cell-free extracts of this mutant are furthermore deficient
      in a wild type enzyme activity that removes nucleotides from the 3' ends of one
      of the RNA chains described above. The relation of this enzyme to other 3'
      ribonucleases is not known. We subsequently examined the mutant for its ability
      to support the biosynthesis of other bacteriophage transfer RNAs.  In one
      instance that is analogous to the proline-serine precursor RNA, maturation of the
      precursor RNA was blocked during infection of mutant cells. In another instance,
      precursor RNA maturation was normal, even though this involved the removal of
      3'nucleotides. These observations point to the possible existence of at least two
      3' ribonucleases for the biosynthesis of transfer RNAs.

PMID- 1098780
TI  - Mitochondrial DNA synthesis in cell cycle mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Mitochondrial DNA replication was examined in mutants for seven different
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes which are essential for nuclear DNA replication.
      In cdc8 and cdc21, mutants defective in continued replication during the S phase
      of the cell cycle, mitochondrial DNA replication ceases at the nonpermissive
      temperature. Replication is temperature sensitive even when these mutants are
      arrested in the G1 phase of the cell cycle with alpha factor, a condition where
      mitochondrial DNA replication continues for the equivalent of several generations
      at the permissive temperature. Therefore the cessation of replication results
      from a defect in mitochondrial replication per se, rather than from an indirect
      consequence of cells being blocked in a phase of the cell cycle where
      mitochondrial DNA is not normally synthesized. Since the temperature-sensitive
      mutations are recessive, the products of genes cdc8 and cdc21 must be required
      for both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication. In contrast to cdc8 and
      cdc21, mitochondrial DNA replication continues for a long time at the
      nonpermissive temperature in five other cell division cycle mutants in which
      nuclear DNA synthesis ceases within one cell cycle: cdc4, cdc7, and cdc28, which
      are defective in the initiation of nuclear DNA synthesis, and cdc14 and cdc23,
      which are defective in nuclear division. The products of these genes, therefore,
      are apparently not required for the initiation of mitochondrial DNA replication.

PMID- 1098781
TI  - [Study of the antibacterial activity of various heterocyclic N-oxide
      derivatives].

PMID- 1098782
TI  - [Commercial kit for the rapid diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis].

PMID- 1098783
TI  - [60th birthday of Chief Physician Frantisek Valina].

PMID- 1098784
TI  - [Attempt to evaluate the indications of metoclopramide in gastroenterology
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1098785
TI  - [75th birthday of Prof. Jan Knobloch, M.D., D.Sc. (June 28, 1900)].

PMID- 1098786
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Jaroslav Setka M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1098788
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Jan Deyl].

PMID- 1098787
TI  - [40 years elapsed since the first presentation of Stein-Leventhal's syndrome].

PMID- 1098789
TI  - [75th birthday of Julie Pollakova, M.D].

PMID- 1098790
TI  - [60th birthday of Chief Physician Jaromir Kmonicek, M.D].

PMID- 1098791
TI  - [75th birthday of Prof. Josef Hynie, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1098792
TI  - [Development of pediatric cardiology following the liberation of Czechoslovakia
      and its further perspectives].

PMID- 1098793
TI  - [Vermox--another wide-spectrum preparation for the treatment of intestinal
      helminthoses].

PMID- 1098794
TI  - [In memory of Rudolf Brezik, M.D].

PMID- 1098795
TI  - [30 years of child care in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1098796
TI  - [Development of Slovak pediatrics in the last 30 years].

PMID- 1098797
TI  - [Development of the socialist school system and aspects of school health during
      the 30 years of Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1098799
TI  - [Problem of the invasion of the digestive system by E. Coli 083].

PMID- 1098798
TI  - [Percutaneous technic and histological processing of kidney biopsies in
      childhood].

PMID- 1098801
TI  - The testicular feminisation syndrome.

PMID- 1098800
TI  - Effect of procaine hydrochloride on DNA repair in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Liquid-holding recovery and rejoining of gamma-radiation-induced DNA single
      strand scissions in Escherichia coli could be effectively inhibited by procaine
      hydrochloride at the concentration of 20 mM. At this concentration, the drug also
      reversibly altered cellular permeability barrier as evidenced from the uptake of
      acriflavin by bacterial cells.

PMID- 1098802
TI  - The Marcus Fernando Memorial Oration 1974. Hepatic amoebiasis.

PMID- 1098803
TI  - Computerized on-line analysis of pulmonary mechanics in patients undergoing
      cardiopulmonary bypass.

PMID- 1098804
TI  - Myocardial sodium extraction at varied coronary flows in the dog. Estimation of
      capillary permeability of residue and outflow detection.
AB  - Sudden injections of boluses containing both 131I-albumin and 24NaCl were made
      into the coronary artery inflow of isolated blood-perfused dog hearts. Indicator
      dilution curves were recorded using gamma emissions from both the intact heart
      and the coronary sinus outflow, with plasma flows, Fs, ranging from 0.3 to 1.8
      ml/g min-1. Three measures of sodium extraction, E, during transcapillary passage
      were obtained from each site by comparison of the sodium and albumin curves. The
      most useful estimates of E were "instantaneous extractions" obtained from the
      later part of the upslope and the peak of the venous dilution curves (coronary
      sinus) or from the corresponding early phase of washout of the externally
      monitored curves (intact organ). Extractions were lower at higher flows.
      Permeability-surface area products, PS, were computed (1) by the formula PS
      equals -Fsloge(1 - E), (2) by fitting the observed dilution curves with a Krogh
      capillary-tissue cylinder model, and (3) by the approximating formula PS equals 
      Fsloge (1 - 1.14E). The two latter approaches provided a correction for back
      diffusion of tracer from tissue to blood. For sodium, the values of PS averaged
      0.88 +/- 0.36 (SD) ml/g min-1, (n equals 52). At high flows, with Fs greater than
      1.0 ml/g min-1, the values of PS averaged 1.01 +/- 0.38 ml/g min-1 (N equals 11).
      Assuming S equals 500 cm2/g and plasma to be 93% water, our findings suggest
      capillary permeabilities for sodium of about 3.1 times 10(-5) cm/sec.

PMID- 1098805
TI  - Influence of surgery on survival in 145 patients with left main coronary artery
      disease.
AB  - A total of 145 patients with greater than 50% obstruction of the left main
      coronary artery (LMC) were studied by coronary arteriography. Of the 140 who
      survived cardiac catheterization, 121 were considered operable by coronary
      arteriography, and 19 were inoperable. Of the 121 operable patients, 32 were
      treated medically, and 89 had aortocoronary bypass surgery. Surgical mortality
      was 11%. The follow-up was from 1 to 72 months with a mean follow-up of 15
      months. A survival table was plotted over a 24-month period. At 90 days survival
      in surgical patients was 85%, medical patients 72%, and inoperable patients 64%.
      At one year 82% of surgical patients were alive compared with 61% of medically
      treated operable patients (P less than 0.05). Thereafter, the survival rate
      remained stable up to 23 months. Survival in inoperable patients was 38% at one
      year. Improved surgical survival was associated with the presence of preoperative
      collateral vessels and a left ventricular stroke index greater than 18 g-m/m2.
      The study demonstrates that survival is improved significantly by surgery in LMC
      patients. Since mortality occurs early after coronary arteriography, surgery
      should be offered early to operable patients.

PMID- 1098806
TI  - Logistic and technical considerations in the treatment of the wounded heart.
AB  - As improvements in the prehospital care of traumatically injured patients have
      paralleled advancements in cardiovascular surgery, changing concepts in the
      management of the patient with blunt and penetrating injuries of the heart have
      occurred. More critically injured patients now arrive at a hospital facility
      still alive than in former years. Between 1951 and 1974, 350 patients with heart
      injuries were treated at Harris County Hospital District facilities. Gunshot
      wounds now predominate, compared with stab wounds in former years. Thirteen
      patients had rupture of the heart secondary to blunt trauma. Patients arriving
      with cardiac arrest and cerebral signs of preterminal activity had a 67% survival
      rate when cardiorraphy was performed in the Trauma Center. In the last four
      years, 50 patients without cardiac arrest, but frequently with pericardiocentesis
      as a preoperative adjunct, had an 87% survival rate.

PMID- 1098807
TI  - Postoperative hemodynamics following aortic cross-clamping during aortocoronary
      bypass surgery.
AB  - Forty-one patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery were divided into two
      groups: an "unclamped" group (17 patients) in whom the aorta was not cross
      clamped during operation and a "clamped" group (24 patients) in whom the
      ascending aorta was cross-clamped during performance of distal anastomoses.
      Myocardial protection was provided during aortic clamping by cooling the anoxic
      heart with cold saline immersion. Immediate postoperative hemodynamic function
      was assayed in both groups, as was cardiopulmonary bypass time and
      cardiopulmonary bypass time/graft. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was 107 minutes in
      the unclamped group and 87 minutes in the clamped group (P less than 0.05).
      Cardiopulmonary bypass time/graft was 48 minutes in the unclamped group and 40
      minutes in the clamped group (P less than 0.01). Results of hemodynamic studies
      with values for the unclamped group listed first were as follows: cardiac index
      (L/min/m2) 2.3 and 2.5 (NS), stroke index (ml/beat/m2) 23 and 25 (NS), left
      ventricular minute work index (kg-m/min/m2) 3.03 and 2.81 (NS), and stroke work
      index (g-m/min/m2) 31 and 30 (NS). These data indicate that aortic cross-clamping
      during performance of distal anastomoses expedites the performance of
      aortocoronary bypass surgery and does not adversely affect postoperative
      hemodynamics.

PMID- 1098808
TI  - The role of sulfinpyrazone in the prevention of arterio-venous shunt thrombosis.
AB  - The effect of sulfinpyrazone on the incidence of thrombosis of arterio-venous
      shunts was investigated in a double-blind crossover study in 45 patients on
      chronic hemodialysis over a period of 12 months. The incidence of thrombosis was
      reduced from 0.64 thrombi per patient month when on placebo to 0.21 thrombi per
      patient month when on sulfinpryazone (P less than 0.001). The therapeutic effect
      was more striking in men than in women and became evident within a week of
      starting the drug. The side effects were minimal, requiring withdrawal from the
      study of only one patient. This crossover study strengthens the findings in the
      previous report that sulfinpyrazone is of value in the prevention of thrombosis.

PMID- 1098809
TI  - The status of cardiac transplantation, 1975.
AB  - Since December 1967, 263 human cardiac transplant operations have been performed
      throughout the world. Eighty-two of these were performed at Stanford University
      Medical Center, In 1974, 27 such operations were performed, 15 at Stanford
      Survival rates for the entire Standford series are 48% at one year and 25% at
      three years; survival rates at one and three years for patients surviving the
      first three critical months after transplantation are 77% and 42%, respectively.
      Recipients under the age of 55 years, with New York Heart Association Class IV
      cardiac disability, are selected for transplant procedures according to criteria
      dictated by experience over the past seven years. A routine immunsuppressive
      regimen for organ transplantation, incorporating prednisone, azathioprine, and
      antithymocyte globulin is employed early postoperatively, and prednisone and
      azathioprine are used for indefinite maintenance therapy. Acute cardiac graft
      rejection in nearly all recipients is diagnosed by clinical signs,
      electrocardiographic changes, and percutaneous transvenous endomyocardial biopsy.
      Ninety-five percent of acute rejection episodes are reversible with appropriate
      immunosuppressive treatment, but infectious complications are common and have
      accounted for 56% of all postoperative deaths. The Stanford experience in cardiac
      transplantation has demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of this
      procedure. Maximum survival now extends beyond five years. Satisfactory graft
      function has been documented in long-term surviving patients, the majority of
      whom have enjoyed a high degree of social and physical rehabilitation.

PMID- 1098810
TI  - One scalpel for major surgical procedures. A bacteriologic study.

PMID- 1098811
TI  - [Pregnancy and functions of the anterior pituitary gland].

PMID- 1098812
TI  - [Simplification of LH-RH test by the use of highly sensitive hemagglutination
      tests].

PMID- 1098813
TI  - [Clinical effects of estriol tripropionate for menopausal problems--a double
      blind study].

PMID- 1098814
TI  - Clinicopathological correlates in glomerulonephritis: problems and limitations.

PMID- 1098815
TI  - The qualitative nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test as a means to differentiate
      between infection and rejection in renal transplant patients.
AB  - In order to determine whether immunosupression depresses the response of the NBT
      test to bacterial infections and to note the effect of allograft rejection on
      this test, a prospective study was carried out on 30 renal transplant recipients.
      12 of 30 renal transplant patients developed bacterial infections and in these
      patients NBT readings were elevated. 12 of the remianing 18 patients who
      developed rejection episodes showed normal NBT results. All patients were on high
      doses of steroids and other immunsuppressive agents. We conclude that the NBT
      test may be of value in diagnosing bacterial infection in the immunsuppressed
      allograft recipient, and may also be an useful adjunct in the differentiation
      between allograft infection and bacterial infection.

PMID- 1098816
TI  - The hepatorenal syndrome.

PMID- 1098817
TI  - Successful renal transplantation in focal glomerular sclerosis: report of two
      cases.
AB  - The fate of renal allografts has provided much useful information about the
      pathogenesis of certain glomerular diseases. Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome with
      focal glomerular sclerosis (FGS) has been reported to recur in transplants. Two
      patients are reported with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome who progressed to renal
      failure. Immunopathologic and ultrastructural studies appeared to exclude immune
      pathogenic mechanisms in both patients, and light microscopic findings were
      characteristics of FGS. The nephrotic syndrome in one patient was initially
      steroid-dependent. Both patients underwent bilateral nephrectomy prior to renal
      transplantation. Graft function and urine protein excretion were normal in both
      patients 2 and 4 years respectively after transplantation, and transplant
      biopsies revealed no evidence of recurrent FGS. These results indicate that renal
      transplantation in patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and FGS is not
      invariably followed by recurrent glomerular disease and suggest that the
      responsible pathogenetic mechanism(s) may not always persist.

PMID- 1098818
TI  - Current concepts in gynecologic oncology. Foreword.

PMID- 1098819
TI  - The problem of chondromalacia patellae.
AB  - Daily activity subjects the human patella to forces often several times the
      individual's body weight. Healthy cartilage can adjust to these forces if they
      are not too excessive, concentrated, or repetitive. Such abnormal stresses most
      frequently occur with the disturbance of normal patellar mechanical function.
      Chondromalacia patellae is the result common to a wide variety of unusual
      traumata. Treatment must be directed primarily not toward the damaged patellar
      cartilage but toward a correction of the mechanical abnormality causing it. Until
      proven otherwise, a young female complaining of knee joint pain, particularly if
      bilateral, should be considered as suffering from a subluxating patella, with or
      without chondromalacia patellae.

PMID- 1098820
TI  - The classic: Dissertation on the best form of shoe; Pieter Camper.

PMID- 1098821
TI  - Talectomy in the treatment of the myelomeningocele patient.
AB  - This paper is an analysis of a series of 11 pediatric myelomeningocele patients
      in whom 20 talectomies were performed for correction of rigid equinovarus of
      paralytic vertical talus deformities. In most of the patients talectomy achieved
      a satisfactory correction of the foot deformity with maintenance of the
      correction for up to 5 years of follow-up in this study. Failure of the procedure
      related to two factors: (1) severe external rotational contracture of the hips in
      patients with high spinal lesions; (2) incomplete removal of the talus because of
      extensive scarring and fibrosis due to prior infection or surgery. Correction of
      the external rotational deformity of the hip or a derotational supramalleolar
      osteotomy of the tibia can prevent the first cause of failure. An intra-operative
      X-ray of the foot can prevent the latter.

PMID- 1098822
TI  - Hypochondroplasia.
AB  - Hypochondroplasia is a hereditary form of short-limbed dwarfism which somewhat
      resembles achondroplasia, but which is clinically, roentgenographically, and
      genetically distinct. The pertinent findings in 6 new cases are: moderate
      rhizomelic shortness of stature; normal craniofacial appearance and hand
      configuration; and later recognition of the presence of the abnormality than in
      achondroplasia (which can be recognized at birth). A review of the 35 previously
      described cases in the literature reveals a preponderance of affected females and
      a high incidence of spontaneous mutation, although when once evident the trait is
      passed as an autosomal dominant. Two of our patients had seizures, and mental
      deficiency may be an associated finding although it is by no means usually
      present. Orthopedists should be aware of this entity, which may be somewhat more
      common than has been thought, because of the different implications for ultimate
      height, which is greater in hypochondroplasia than in achondroplasia, the lack of
      cauda equina compression findings, and the need for genetic counseling.

PMID- 1098823
TI  - Reconstructive surgery in the myelomeningocele hip.
AB  - In 17 myelomeningocele patients with subluxating or dislocated hips, 31
      posterolateral iliopsoas were treated by transfers, as described by Sharrard, in
      addition to complimentary procedures to balance muscle power and center the hip
      joint. Surgical goals are to stablize the hips within the acetabulum and prevent
      the occurrence of severe fixed flexion and adduction contractures of the hip and
      secondary lumbar lordosis. Surgery is performed at about 1 year of age with
      bilateral adductor transfer to the ischium, followed in 2 weeks by the
      posterolateral transfer of the iliopsoas muscle, first on one hip and 2 weeks
      later following with the other hip. Adductor transfer to the ischium reduces the
      adductor and secondary flexor power of the adductor longus and anterior fibers of
      the adductor brevis. After transfer it provides some extensor power. The range of
      abduction is increased. The transferred iliopsoas muscle has a better mechanical
      advantage in its new function as an abductor and extensor, and the hips were
      better centered radiographically than the cases with iliopsoas transfer alone.
      Fewer bony procedures were required to center the hips when the iliopsoas
      transfer was performed in children before the age of 1 1/2 years.

PMID- 1098824
TI  - Letter: A national bone bank survey.

PMID- 1098825
TI  - Prostaglandin in calcium and bone metabolism.
AB  - The effect of prostaglandins on bone resorption and formation is reviewed. The
      prostaglandins probably play a role in pathological changes in bone, e.g., those
      occurring in immune responses and neoplastic disease. Their physiological role is
      unknown.

PMID- 1098827
TI  - High density polyethylene prosthetic femoral head replacemnt in the dog.
AB  - A high density polyethylene (RCH 1000) femoral head prosthesis was inserted in 5
      large dogs. Periodic clinical and roentgenographic evaluations, and
      histopathological examination of the replaced joints as well as biomechanical
      evaluation of the prosthetic joints were done at intervals from 3 weeks to 15
      months. HDP is NOT suitable for movable weight-bearing prosthesis articulating
      with cartilage or bone. Wear of the cartilage and the polyethylene occurred
      within a few weeks of function and became extensive proportionally to the length
      of use. The accumulating wear particles of HDP caused a significant foreign body
      granulomatous reaction which resulted in erosion of bone adjacent to the
      acetabulum in one hip.

PMID- 1098826
TI  - Clinical aspects of thyrocalcitonin.
AB  - Thyrocalcitonin (TCT) is useful as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent in selected
      human diseases. Elevated plasma levels of TCT occur in patients with medullary
      carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Asymptomatic relatives of these patients
      harboring microscopic foci of tumor may have abnormal plasma levels of TCT in the
      basal state or after provocative stimuli. In both instances the plasma levels of
      TCT can be used in the diagnosis and management of this thyroid neoplasm.
      Elevated plasma levels of TCT have also been described recently in subjects with
      certain extrathyroidal neoplasms or renal failure. Moderate elevations are seen
      during normal pregnancy and in the neonatal period. Although exogenous TCT has
      actions on several organs, including bone, the kidneys and the gastrointestinal
      tract, its physiological role in man, if any, is still unknown. The recently
      reported measurements of TCT in normal subjects should facilitate the
      clarification of this issue. TCT has been used as a therapeutic agent in Paget's
      disease of bone, hypercalcemia of diverse etiologies, osteopenia and several
      other skeletal disorders. The dramatic improvement of patients with Paget's
      disease has been a unique therapeutic action of TCT. The therapeutic responses in
      hypercalcemic subjects given TCT are encouraging but more information is needed
      about the pharmacology of the hormones in these subjects before conclusions can
      be formed. At present the therapeutic role of TCT in osteopenia is hypothetical
      and the results of ongoing and future studies are needed to determine its
      effects.

PMID- 1098828
TI  - A comparison of patellectomy with prosthetic replacement of the patella.
AB  - Eight adult mongrel dogs were used to compare patellectomy with prosthetic
      replacement of the patella. All of the dogs who underwent patellectomies
      displayed functional disturbances when examined four weeks postoperatively. None
      of the dogs with patellar prostheses displayed discernible functional
      disturbances. All but one of the dogs with patellectomies developed pathological
      alterations in the patellar bed of the femur. None of the dogs with patellar
      prostheses had pathological alterations in the patellar bed of the femur.

PMID- 1098829
TI  - The classic: Sarcoma of the long bones: based upon a study of one hundred and
      sixty-five cases. Samuel W. Gross.

PMID- 1098830
TI  - Radiotherapy in osteosarcoma.
AB  - Radiation therapy in the treatment of osteosarcoma has been considered with
      respect of the subclinical metastatic disease in the lung and the primary lesion.
      Emphasis is given to the necessity of coordinating the management plan of the
      primary lesion with an adjuvant program. Evaluation of the efficacy of a
      conservative treatment of the primary lesion by radiation therapy and
      chemotherapy is considered a proper subject for clinical study. A proper biopsy
      technique and several practical aspects of technique of radiation therapy in
      management of osteosarcomas of bone are important factors in survival time of
      individual patients.

PMID- 1098831
TI  - Trichomonas vaginitis and Escherichia coli urinary infection in a newborn infant.

PMID- 1098832
TI  - Folic acid dosage for chronic hemodialysis patients.
AB  - The doses of folic acid, necessary to avoid folic acid deficiency in patients
      being maintained on hemodialysis, have been estimated to be between 1 and 5 mg
      daily. To more precisely define an adequate dose of folic acid, 6 anephric
      patients were studied. The patients were maintained on hemodialysis and received,
      in a crossover fashion, 1 mg and 5 mg of folic acid for 3 wk. In a second
      crossover study, 3 anephric patients were first maintained on 0 and then on 1 mg
      of folic acid after each dialysis for 3 wk periods. Pre- and postdialysis folic
      acid blood levels were measured and dialyzer clearances of folic acid were
      determined. The results of this study support the conclusion of the Food and Drug
      Administration report suggesting that daily doses of 1 mg of folic acid are
      adequate to sustain therapeutic folate levels. The data further indicate that the
      administration of 1 mg of folic acid after each dialysis, rather than 1 mg of
      folic acid daily, can provide adequate folate.

PMID- 1098833
TI  - The history of plastic surgery in wartime.

PMID- 1098834
TI  - Reconstruction of the war-damaged orbital region.

PMID- 1098835
TI  - Reconstruction of cranial defects.
AB  - We have found that small defects, particularly those within the hairline, are
      easily reconstructed with methy methacrylate prepared at the operating table.
      Larger defects, especially in children and active adults, are benefited by
      autogenous bone grafts and we prefer split rib. When the fabrication facilities
      are available the preformed silicone implants offer much to the surgeon. They may
      be sculptured to correct difficult contour problems such as in the supraorbital
      or forehead region and are especially useful to fill in defects where the bone is
      present, but depressed. These three methods have many advantages over the
      metallic implants. There is little complaint of the implant being cold when the
      patient is exposed to cold weather and a very important fact is that these
      methods not only provide a radiolucent reconstruction, but also do not affect EEG
      examination.

PMID- 1098836
TI  - Mandibular reconstruction. Current state of the art.
AB  - At the present time several techniques of bone grafting for restoration of
      mandibular defects are being employed. These methods are well established by
      clinical trials and animal research. Other methods are in the experimental stage.
      Regardless of the technique utilized it remains paramount that the surgeon plan
      the initial procedure with great care as each failure results in diminished blood
      supply to the graft bed and makes subsequent procedures less likely to succeed.
      The well known principles of bone grafting involve establishing good nutritional
      status of the patient, proper preparation of the graft bed by insuring adequate
      soft tissue and adequate blood supply, elimination of infection from the graft
      bed, provision of adequate fixation and immobilization of the graft, and careful
      closure of soft tissues to prevent hematoma formation. These principles remain
      inviolable if the procedure is to succeed.

PMID- 1098837
TI  - Resurfacing the face.

PMID- 1098838
TI  - Combat injuries of the lower extremities.

PMID- 1098840
TI  - Editorial: Departments of medical imaging.

PMID- 1098839
TI  - In vitro transcription of adenovirus 2 DNA by E. coli RNA polymerase.

PMID- 1098841
TI  - Computer optimization methods applied to medical diagnosis.

PMID- 1098842
TI  - Machine recognition in pathology.

PMID- 1098843
TI  - Enhanced display of three-dimensional data from computerized x-ray tomograms.

PMID- 1098844
TI  - A texture analysis method in classification of coal workers' pneumoconiosis.

PMID- 1098845
TI  - Programmed Instruction Nucleus (PIN): a simplified author-language for computer
      aided instruction.

PMID- 1098847
TI  - Computer code for the recording of patients' problems.

PMID- 1098846
TI  - An example of a test for adaptive techniques in a medical investigation.

PMID- 1098848
TI  - Thioridazine plasma levels and clinical response.

PMID- 1098849
TI  - The use of medical controls in research with psychiatric populations.

PMID- 1098850
TI  - Correlation of positive end-expiratory pressure with cardiovascular performance.

PMID- 1098851
TI  - Continuous airway pressure monitoring during assisted ventilation.

PMID- 1098852
TI  - A new device for CPAP by nasal route.

PMID- 1098853
TI  - Attachment for intermittent mandatory ventilation adaptable to Bird pressure
      preset ventilators.

PMID- 1098854
TI  - Production, properties and utility of bacterial minicells.

PMID- 1098855
TI  - Translation of viral RNA in cell-free systems from Eukaryotes.

PMID- 1098856
TI  - Immunology of cholera.

PMID- 1098857
TI  - Temperature-sensitive mutants of herpesviruses.

PMID- 1098858
TI  - [Case of plasmacyte reitculosarcoma].

PMID- 1098859
TI  - A simplified method for chromosome preparations of the rat pre-implantation
      embryos.

PMID- 1098860
TI  - [Technic and advantages of subgingival 2-layer impressions].

PMID- 1098861
TI  - [Prevention of iatrogenic pulp diseases].

PMID- 1098862
TI  - A statistical approach to the recognition of inferior wall myocardial infarction
      by the Q/R ratios.
AB  - To sharpen ECG criteria for diagnosis of inferior wall myocardial infarction
      (IWMI), the distribution of Q duration and Q/R ratios in leads 3 and aVF in four
      groups have been analyzed. Two of these groups are teaching samples (200 ECGs of
      patients with various diagnoses, but in whom no myocardial infarction was found
      on post-mortem, and 123 ECGs of patients in whom IWMI was found on post-mortem
      examinations) and two control samples (408 ECGs of healthy men and 60 ECGs of
      patients with clinically proved IWMI). The chosen combination of conditions Q/R3
      greater than 25 percent and Q/RaVF greater than 10 per cent gives minimal number
      of errors for the teaching samples. The diagnostic rule gave 5-7 percent errors
      over the control samples. It is shown that use of Q duration greater than 0.04''
      gives less satisfactory results in the diagnosis of IWMI.

PMID- 1098863
TI  - Letter: Technology and the therapist. A therapist speaks to physicians.

PMID- 1098864
TI  - Mode of action of 5-fluorocytosine and mechanisms of resistance.
AB  - Mode of action of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and mechanisms of resistance to the
      drug are discussed on the basis of experiments performed with Candida albicans
      ATCC 26790 and with 50 selected clinical isolates of C. albicans belonging to
      serological type A or B and representing various degrees and models of 5-FC
      resistance (sensitivity). Incorporation of 5-fluorouridylic acid into RNA
      appeared as a prerequisite to antifungal activity, although at a given
      incorporation rate, growth inhibition varied considerably from one strain to the
      other. The amino acid pool was unbalanced, and there was evidence for disturbance
      of protein synthesis. These dysfunctions of RNA probably account for growth
      inhibition and cell death, whereas up to the present, there was no proof of
      formation of 5-fluorodeoxyuridylic acid nor of subsequent inhibition of
      thymidylate synthetase. Incorporation of fluorinated pyrimidine into RNA was
      lower in normally sensitive type B strains than in normally sensitive ones of
      type A, whereas the frequency of 5-FC-resistant mutants was the same. The two
      serological types did not differ in the activity of cytosine permease nor in that
      of cytosine deaminase. Among 29 clinical isolates with 6-FC resistance (or
      impaired sensitivity) no instance of cytosine permease deficiency was found. Two
      isolates (belonging to the serological type A) were deficient in cytosine
      deaminase, whereas the majority was probably deficient in uridine monophosphate
      pyrophosphorylase or had a surplus of de novo synthesis of pyrimidines. Relative
      5-FC resistance was more common than complete resistance.

PMID- 1098865
TI  - Kinetics and mechanisms of action of 'folate synthesis inhibitors', alone or in
      combination, on Escherichia coli. III. Pyrimethamine, trimethoprim and
      sulfamethoxazole.
AB  - The inhibitory activity of pyrimethamine (PMA) is 1/290 of the activity of
      trimethoprim (TMP) against E. coli as evaluated from a plot of C.ko/ko-kapp VS.
      C. Even at high concentrations the effect of PMA in contrast to TMP seems to be
      cateriostatic. Combinations of TMP and PMA reveal an additive effect. In PMA
      treated cultures, the slope of the logarithmic growth curve decreases after an
      initial inhibited growth, and a second steady state is established. This second
      steady state has a different reason than the one observed in TMP-treated
      cultures; whereas the second phase in TMP-inhibited cultures depends on the
      number of germs, in the case of PMA it depends on the number of generations.
      Using prewashed cell cultures, it was shown that there is no influence on the two
      steady states in PMA-inhibited cultures; for TMP, however, it was shown that the
      presence of the first phase is due to an antagonist excreted into the culture
      medium. These observations hint at differences in the mode of action of TMP and
      PMA in addition to differences in the affinity to the target enzyme dihydrofolate
      reductase. Combination of PMA with sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) at concentrations where
      both drugs are acting only bacteriostatically leads to effects considerably
      greater than would be expected from simple additivity. The kill rate observed is
      the same as observed for TMP/SMZ combinations despite of the considerable lower
      activity of PMA and SMZ. The results support the assumption that it might be
      possible to select drug combinations considering the best pharmacokinetical fit
      and not necessarily the most effective drugs in the series studied.

PMID- 1098866
TI  - Mucolytic and antibiotic effect of a new compound in chronic bronchitis.
AB  - The purpose of the study was the objective evaluation of the mucolytic and
      antibiotic properties of Fluimucil Antibiotic, a molecular combination of
      acetylcysteine and thiamphenicol. The preparation was administered to 45 patients
      in the dose of 3 tablets daily each containing 500 mg of thiamphenical.
      Statistical analysis of the data obtained showed mucolytic effects on the 4th to
      5th day of treatment and marked antibiotic activity. The evaluation is positive
      particularly if the relatively low dose of antibiotic normally used in chronic
      bronchitis is considered. The preparation Fluimucil Antibiotic can be recommended
      for the treatment of chronic bronchitis also in view of its good tolerability.

PMID- 1098867
TI  - The effect of co-trimoxazole on antitoxin response to tetanus toxoid.
AB  - The effect of a 4-day course of co-trimoxazole (Septrin) on antitoxin response to
      tetanus vaccine was assessed in a double-blind study involving 22 healthy adults.
      The tetanus antitoxin levels were measured by in vivo and in vitro methods for up
      to 8 weeks after the first of two injections of tetanus vaccine, given 4 weeks
      apart. No sigificant difference was observed in the level of tetanus antitoxin
      produced in subjects who received co-trimoxazole (Septrin) in recommended
      therapeutic dosage during the first 4 days of the trial from that in subjects who
      received placebo tablets. The results indicate that a 4-day course of co
      trimoxazole (Septrin) does not affect antibody production.

PMID- 1098868
TI  - Results obtained with combination therapy of VM-26, natulan and prednisolone in
      generalized Hodgkin's disease.
AB  - By evaluating the results obtained in 50 patients the authors stated that VM-26
      given in combination with Natulan and Prednisolone is a drug of value in the
      therapy of generalized Hodgkin's disease. It cause milder side effects than drugs
      previously used in combination therapy. Complete or partial remissions were
      obtained in 84% of patients treated. 75% of the therapy-resistant cases proved to
      be Hodgkin's sarcoma by the postmortem examination. Remission lasted longer in
      stage III than in stage IV and the previously untreated patients responded better
      than the treated one. Definite correlation could not be revealed between
      histologic type and duration of remission.

PMID- 1098869
TI  - Antimalarials: screening of (orally administered) silver solfonamides against
      Plasmodium berghei.
AB  - Orally administered silver sulfadiazine is effective against Plasmodium berghei.
      Attempts to synthesize an active analogue with antimalarial activity failed.
      Although several of the analogues were chemically stable (like silver
      sulfadiazine) in sodium chloride, none of the analogues were biologically active.
      This suggests that the antimalarial activity of silver sulfadiazine is stereo
      specific.

PMID- 1098870
TI  - In vitro and in vivo microbiological evaluation of Cephapirin, a new antibiotic.
AB  - The microbiological properties of cephapirin, a new semisynthetis cephalosporin,
      have been studied. This antibiotic, if compared with ampicillin, shows a greater
      activity against gram positive bacteria, a lack of sensitivity to staphlococcal
      beta-lactamase, and a lower sensitivity to those produced by gram-negative
      bacteria. Useful therapeutic of cephapirin levels can be detected in human serum
      6 h after administration of 500 and 1,000 mg parenterally.

PMID- 1098871
TI  - Doxycycline in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. A
      field trial.
AB  - As part of the Pan-European multi-centre trial of doxycycline in the treatment of
      respiratory tract infections during the winter of 1973/1974, a field trial was
      carried out in Austria. 95 physicians provided 540 case reports for evaluation.
      Very good or good results were obtained in 93.9% of patients and the rate of
      improvement as indicated by fall in temperature, reduction in cough, sputum and
      pain, and easing of inflammatory symptoms was rapid; 77.8% of patients showed
      complete remission of acute symptoms after 3 days of treatment. Only 5.6% of
      patients suffered from side-effects which were mostly mild. Comparison with a
      previous field trial in Austria in 1968/1969 showed that doxycycline has retained
      its efficacy over the years.

PMID- 1098872
TI  - A multi-centre trial of alpha-6-desoxy-5-oxytetracycline (doxycycline).
AB  - 23 physicians in Italy took part in a multi-centre clinical trial of doxycycline
      in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. The case records of 290
      patients were assessed with respect to both subjective and objective improvement
      and clinical cure: most patients were considered improved by the third day and
      cured by the fifth. The recommended dose of doxycycline was 200 mg on the first
      day and 100 mg daily thereafter; only 11 of the patients had to continue
      treatment beyond the tenth day. The antibiotic was extremely well tolerated;
      gastrointestinal side-effects occurred in 10 patients. Overall, 88.6% of the
      patients achieved a very good or good result.

PMID- 1098873
TI  - Treatment of acute respiratory tract infections with doxycycline in general
      practice.
AB  - A multi-centre general practitioner trial was carried out in the Netherlands
      during the winter of 1973/1974. This trial was part of a larger pan-European
      study. There were 13- cases studied in the Netherlands who were only treated with
      doxycycline, by 17 physicians. All patients included in the trial had an acute
      infection of either the upper or lower respiratory tract. tthere were 64 females
      and 66 males. The results were excellent at 100 patients (76.9%) had a very good
      result, 21 patients (16.2%) had moderate or fair results, and only 7 patients
      (5.4%) had poor or negative results. Doxycycline was well tolerated as no side
      effects were noted in 122 of the patients (93.8%). In the 8 patients who
      experienced side-effects they were mild and self-limiting.

PMID- 1098874
TI  - Vibramycin in paediatrics. An evaluation of the onset of action and efficacy.
AB  - The effectiveness of and tolerance to doxycycline (Vibramycin, Pfizer) was
      investigated in a group of 188 children and the radpidity of both subjective and
      objective improvement was assessed in a second group of 58 children. Doxycycline
      was found to be very effective. It was possible to analyse the results of
      treatment in 245 out of the total of 246 patients. Cure was obtained in 168
      patients (68.6%) and marked improvement was seen in 59 (24.1%). The overall
      success rate was thus 92.7%. 18 patients (7.3%) failed to respond; these either
      had a history of relapsing infections or were infected with resistant organisms.
      Doxycycline also proved to be rapid in its effect. Rapid subjective improvement
      was seen in 48 out of 58 patients (84.2%) and rapid objective improvement in 41
      patients (70.7%). Tolerance to doxycycline was very good. Treatment had to be
      interrupted in only one out of 246 patients; there were initial gastrointestinal
      symptoms in 4 patients. Doxycycline showed itself to be a very suitable
      antibiotic for use in day-to-day paediatric practice.

PMID- 1098875
TI  - A comparative trial of doxycycline and ampicillin in the treatment of acute
      sinusitis.
AB  - A double-blind comparative clinical trial of doxycycline (200 mg on the first day
      followed by 100 mg daily for a total of 7 days) and ampicillin (250 mg 4 times
      daily for 7 days) was performed in 44 patients with acute or chonic sinusitis.
      Significantly superior results were observed with doxycycline; 90% of the
      patients responded to doxycycline and 35% to ampicillin. The incidence of side
      effects was low and these were of a minor nature, in no case with either drug was
      discontinuance of treatment necessary. These results imply that in treating
      chronic bronchitis an antibiotic should be given which is effective not only
      against the responsible organisms but which is able also to penetrate those
      tissues (such as the sinuses) that act as a reservoir for these organisms.
      Doxycycline meets these requirements.

PMID- 1098876
TI  - Doxycycline in respiratory tract infections. Report of a retrospective study in
      Spain during the winter 1972-1973.
AB  - In the winter of 1972-1973 a multicentre trial of the treatment of upper and
      lower respiratory tract infections was carried out in Spain using doxycycline. 85
      physicians participated in the study and treated 1,653 patients. The infections
      included acute bronchitis, acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia,
      bronchopneumonia, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, trachetis, sinusitis, and otitis
      media. The majority of the patients were adult out-patients although some
      children and adolescents were included: 1,011 of the patients were male and 642
      female. A number of the signs of respiratory infection such as temperature,
      cough, pain and inflammatory symptoms were examined. A rapid reduction in
      intensity and severity was noted in all of these parameters. Tolerance to the
      antibiotic was excellent. Only minor side-effects were reported and these were
      mild and mainly limited to the gastro-intestinal tract - in no case was treatment
      discontinued. The total number of side-effects was 37; they occurred in 31 out of
      the 1,653 patients. The overall evaluation of results showed a very good or good
      response in 85% of the patients. It appears from this multicentre study that the
      efficacy of doxycycline has in no way decreased over the 7 years of its extensive
      use in Spain. It remains a fast acting and effective antibiotic in upper and
      lower respiratory tract infections irrespective of age, sex or diagnosis.

PMID- 1098877
TI  - Doxycycline in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. Results of a pan
      European multi-centre trial.
AB  - In the winter of 1973-4, general practitioners from seven European countries took
      part in a multi-centre trial of doxycycline in the treatment of infections of the
      respiratory tract. The carefully designed protocol was observed by all
      participants. A total of 1,747 patients were admitted to the trial; their ages
      ranged from 6 years to over 80. The commonest diagnoses (50%) were acute
      bronchitis and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. On the recommended
      dosage of 200 mg doxycycline on the first day, followed by 100 mg daily
      thereafter (though 200 mg could be continued daily in severe cases), 87% of
      patients achieved good or very good results. Both subjective (pain) and objective
      (sputum volume and viscosity, temperature, cough) measures showed rapid
      improvement, usually by the third to fifth days. Side-effects were minimal and
      mainly gastrointestinal and caused only 4 patients to discontinue treatment.
      Overall, doxycycline proved its effectiveness and rapidity of action.

PMID- 1098878
TI  - Social interaction, social competence, and friendship in children.
AB  - The relationship between social skills, social interaction, and popularity was
      examined. The subjects were 198 children in third and fourth grades in middle-
      and low-income schools. The relationships between number of friends,
      socioeconomic status, and grade level were studied in a 2 times 2 times 2
      factorial design with 2 sets of dependent measures: (1) social skills were
      assessed by an experimenter testing each child individually on a set of tasks
      which included measures of the ability to label emotions in facial expressions,
      knowledge of how to make friends, giving help, and role-taking ability; and (2)
      social interaction in the classroom was assessed using a naturalistic
      observational system. Popular and unpopular children differed in their knowledge
      of how to make friends and on the referential-communication task. In the
      classroom, popular children distributed and received more positive reinforcement
      than unpopular children and spent less time daydreaming. Both grade and social
      class factors were significant. However, different patterns of results
      contributed to the main effect of friends and the grade-level main effect. The
      importance of assessing social skills which are first validated by reference to a
      criterion such as sociometric position was noted.

PMID- 1098879
TI  - [Pseudarthroses of the humeral shaft].

PMID- 1098880
TI  - [Clinical picture and pathomorphology of traumatic high-pressure oil injections,
      the so called "grease gun injury"].
AB  - On the basis of 3 personal observations the clinical picture, pathomorphology and
      therapy of the so-called "grease gun injury", are described. Clinically there is
      a difference between the acute stage, intermediary stage and chronic stage. In
      accordance with the course of disease are the pathomophological alterations,
      which are characterized by the development of an epithelioidcell-like granulation
      tissue. The injected oil is surrounded by histiocytic cell infiltrations, which,
      due to the chemico-toxic influence of this foreign substance are transformed into
      epithloidcells. Analogous to the pathogenesis of the tuberculoid granuloma this
      cellular metamorphosis is based on the action of long-chain fatty acids. It is
      important that the injured person is given immediate surgical treatment and
      operation. The aim of this being the entire removal of the oil or grease in order
      to avoid chronically granulating inflammation of the soft parts as well as the
      formation of scar tissue.

PMID- 1098881
TI  - [The treatment of large abdominal incisional hernias using corium plastic].

PMID- 1098882
TI  - Oxolinic acid (Prodoxol) for urinary tract infection.

PMID- 1098883
TI  - [Prenatal diagnosis in hereditary metabolic diseases].

PMID- 1098884
TI  - [Influence of ovulation inhibitors on glucose metabolism].

PMID- 1098885
TI  - [Letter: Therapy of immunologic defects in children].

PMID- 1098886
TI  - [Results of the synchronization therapy with vincristine and cyclophosphamide in
      lymphogranulomatosis, reticulum cell sarcoma and lymphosarcoma. A phase II study
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The effectiveness of synchronization therapy was tested on 88 patients who had
      already undergone some form of treatment for lymphogranulomatosis (stage III B
      and IV), generalized reticulum cell sarcoma or lymphosarcoma. This therapeutical
      concept is based on a partial synchronic increase in tumor cells induced by
      noncytocidal doses of vincristine, followed by cytostatic or cytocidal treatment
      with cyclophosphamide during DNA synthesis of the partially synchronized tumor
      cells. The therapeutic plan is similar to a single-agent therapy. In
      lymphogranulomatosis, complete remission could be achieved in 14 out of 19 cases
      (stage III B) and in 9 out of 24 cases (stage IV). The mean remission period
      during an orally administered cytostatic maintenance therapy was 15 1/2 months.
      The highest rate of remission was found in the mixed cell type of granulomas (23
      out of 24 patients). In the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, complete remission was
      achieved in 13 out of 30 cases (lymphosarcoma) and in 19 out of 15 cases
      (reticulum cell sarcoma). The mean remission period for orally administered
      cytostatic maintenance therapy was 16 months for lymphosarcoma and 11 1/2 months
      for reticulum cell sarcoma. These therapeutic results are comparable to those
      achieved by very effective schemes of combination chemotherapy but the toxic side
      effects of synchronization therapy are considerably lower.

PMID- 1098887
TI  - [Effect of slow-release aminophylline on pulmonary function in obstructive
      respiratory disease(author's transl)].
AB  - The effects on pulmonary function of a slow-release preparation of an oral
      broncholytic drug (containing 350 mg aminophylline, released over eight hours)
      was tested on 26 patients in a double-blind trial. There was a marked reduction
      of airway resistance and stimulation of breathing with decreased dynamic work of
      breathing. Distinctly improved alveolar function was demonstrated especially in a
      fall of arterial CO2 tension, but in some cases there was probably an increase in
      distribution abnormality. Central haemodynamic changes with a decreased in
      pulmonary artery pressure and changes in the other values lasted for more than
      ten hours on the first day of treatment, and were demonstrable on the fourth day
      even before the drug was taken that day. The criteria of an effective
      broncholytic slow-release drug with sustained effect were thus fulfilled.

PMID- 1098889
TI  - [Fever, a defence mechanism?].

PMID- 1098888
TI  - [Fludrocortisone in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension:
      ophthalmodynamography during standing(author's transl)].
AB  - The effect of fludrocortisone (Astonin -H) in the management of orthostatic
      hypotension was tested in a double-blind trial of 30 patients who were receiving
      0.3 mg fludrocortisone for seven days, a control group of 30 subjects receiving
      placebos. Systolic and diastolic brachial and ophthalmic arterial pressures,
      pulse amplitude and pulse rate were measured at rest, immediately after standing
      up and 10 minutes later. Comparing the treatment and placebo groups, the former
      had a higher systolic ophthalmic blood pressure on standing, a smaller fall of
      pulse volume and less of a rise in heart rate on standing up, and a raised
      systolic brachial artery pressure even in recumbency. At the same time there was
      an improvement in symptoms.

PMID- 1098890
TI  - [Significance of intracellular calcium transport for cell function].

PMID- 1098891
TI  - [Historical development of medical secrecy].

PMID- 1098892
TI  - [Discovery of tuberculin].

PMID- 1098893
TI  - [Robert Koch's significance for the change in tropical medicine at the end of the
      19th century].

PMID- 1098894
TI  - [200 years heart therapy digitalis. William Withering and the 1st century of
      digitalis therapy].

PMID- 1098895
TI  - [Concept of a new anthropology].

PMID- 1098896
TI  - [Epidemic situation of "infectious anemia of horses"].

PMID- 1098897
TI  - [The control of enzootic pneumonia (piglet influenza) of swine in the
      Netherlands].

PMID- 1098898
TI  - [Anatomical basis for the irrigation of the lacrimal ducts of donkeys (Equus
      africanus f. asinus - Macedonian dwarf donkey].

PMID- 1098899
TI  - [Occurrence of tuberculosis in zoo mammals; a critical evaluation of autopsy
      material from 1970 to the beginning of 1974].

PMID- 1098900
TI  - [The effect of azathioprine on the occurrence of chromosome abnormalities in the
      Gottingen miniature swine].

PMID- 1098901
TI  - [Mitrosamines and their precursors].

PMID- 1098902
TI  - [Possibilities and limits of planned parasite control in the horse].

PMID- 1098903
TI  - [Reticulum cell sarcoma as a complication of sprue].

PMID- 1098904
TI  - [Work-hygienic studies connected with the manipulation of silver-tin-mercury
      alloys at the dentists working place].
AB  - By means of a spectro-photometric measuring method, tests are made regarding the
      development of Hg vapors at the dental working place when processing amalgam.
      Depending on the step in amalgam processing and the location, more or less high
      Hg vapors concentrations, were measured. They are highest with high-speed, dry
      preparation of amalgam fillings, they decrease considerably with lower speed and
      more intensive colling (spray!).

PMID- 1098905
TI  - Limbic system involvement in the increase in plasma prolactin following cortical
      spreading depression in gonadotropin-treated female rats.
AB  - Cortical spreading depression (SD) was induced by applying 25% KCl to the frontal
      cerebral cortex in female rats under continuous ether anesthesia. Three weeks
      previously the animals had been subjected to sham operation, bilateral surgical
      "deefferentation" of the amygdala or transection of the dorsal columns of the
      fornix. During the week prior to experiment the rats were made "pseudopregnant"
      by treatment with PMS and hCG. Plasma prolactin was measured by radioimmunoassay
      in blood samples obtained from the peripheral circulation at 20 min intervals.
      After two control samples had been taken, KCl was applied to the cortex and
      sampling continued for another 100 min; In the sham-operated group prolactin
      levels increased with time following the application of KCl. Fornix-cut animals
      showed a similar, although briefer, increase with values significantly lower than
      those found in sham-operated animals at 80 min. The increase in plasma prolactin
      observed in sham-operated and fornix groups was completely abolished in amygdala
      cut animals. These results indicate that limbic structures play a significant
      role in the mechanisms by which cortical SD elevates plasma prolactin levels
      under the present experimental conditions.

PMID- 1098906
TI  - The effects of Methallibure (ICI 33,828) on the LH release in castrate male rats
      challenged with LHRH.
AB  - Daily administration of 10 mg of Methallibure (ICI 33,828) for 6 days to male
      castrate rats resulted in significant depression of serum radioimmunoassayable
      luteinizing hormone (LH). Subsequent challenge with 100 ng of synthetic
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) showed these rats to release
      sufficient pituitary LH to achieve plasma levels equal to those of LHRH treated
      castrate controls. Although an effect at the level of the pituitary remains to be
      conclusively ruled out, these results suggest that the predominant in vivo effect
      of Methallibure in the castrate male rat is to suppress pituitary LH release due
      to diminished secretion of LHRH by the hypothalamus.

PMID- 1098907
TI  - [Growth hormone and insulin curve following glucose loading in patients with
      acromegaly].

PMID- 1098908
TI  - Recent research into the nutrition of the horse.
AB  - The majority of recent experiments in equine nutrition relates to the metabolism
      of protein, non-protein nitrogen, carbohydrate, calcium and phosphorus. An
      understanding of the significance of the nitrogen cycle is emerging in which
      there is a two-way movement of compounds across the wall of the G.I. tract. Some
      quantitative estimates of the role of microflora in this process have been made
      for comparison with similar processes in ruminants. However, the pathway by which
      the microflora contributes to the nitrogen economy and the extent to which this
      occurs is not established in the horse. It is well established that both glucose
      and volatile fatty acids are common substrates in tissue metabolism; but in
      contrast to evidence in the ruminant the ratio of starch to fibre in the diet
      does not affect the efficiency fo fibre digestibility. This, and similar
      observations, are explicable in terms of the anatomy of the G.I. tract of the
      horse. There is a scarcity of information on the secretion of digestive enzymes
      by the horse and on the relationship between intestinal function and certain
      digestive upsets. Furthermore, there is an urgent need for accurate clinical
      evidence for the significance of calcium and phosphorus nutrition to the
      development of leg abnormalities in horses. The irrelevance, for diagnosing
      purposes, of estimates of serum Ca and P is concluded, especially where no other
      relevant information is available. Haematological procedures, of diagnostic value
      in this respect, are available for use at least in controlled clinical
      conditions.

PMID- 1098909
TI  - Disequilibrium syndrome in hemodialysis.

PMID- 1098910
TI  - Indications and results of coronary bypass surgery.

PMID- 1098911
TI  - The importance of bile acids in human diseases.

PMID- 1098912
TI  - Studies on the oxygen supply of heterotopic auxiliary liver grafts in rats.
AB  - Heterotopic auxiliary liver transplantations were performed in rats using the
      method of Hess et. al. [6]. Oxygen pressure of liver tissue was measured with a
      Pt-surface electrode of Kessler and Lubbers [10]. After ligation of the hepatic
      artery, liver tissue PO2 decreased and remained low during further preparation.
      Only two of the seven lobes of the rat liver (= 30% of the parenchyma) were used
      as a graft. After revascularization and application of a gelatine plasma
      substitute, tissue PO2 of the graft increased to values of normal rat liver,
      although the graft was supplied with portal blood only. We suggest that one
      reason for this is the increase of portal perfusion rate, for the whole amount of
      portal blood perfuses only 30% of liver parenchyma. In the first month after
      transplantation PO2 of the graft parenchyma was low, but increased continually in
      the following months, reaching PO2 values of normal rat livers after 1 year.

PMID- 1098913
TI  - Early recovery of albumin synthesis after liver transplantation.
AB  - The delay necessary for an orthotopic transplanted liver to recover in normal
      activity has never been defined. This is of great importance whenever liver
      transplantation is considered in patients with severe liver insufficiency. This
      delay was studied in dogs using albumin synthesis and BSP clearance as tests of
      liver function. Albumin synthesis was normal as early as 2 h following graft
      revascularization while BSP clearance was not yet normal by this time. It is
      suggested that transplanted livers will be rapidly able to corect metabolic
      disorders and above all coagulation problems in patients with terminal hepatic
      failure.

PMID- 1098914
TI  - Glucagon and insulin release from the allografted canine pancreas.
AB  - Six previously pancreatectomized dogs were transplanted with duct-ligated,
      pancreatic allografts. Glucagon and insulin levels in the venous outflow from the
      graft and in the systemic circulation were determined during the first 60 minutes
      after transplantation. Two of the dogs were subjected to L-arginine stimulation 5
      days after transplantation and the glucagon levels in the venous outflow from the
      graft were determined. The glucagon and insulin concentrations increased rapidly
      after transplantation, describing a biphasic curve. In response to L-arginine
      stimulation, an increased glucagon release was observed.

PMID- 1098915
TI  - Methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (MEV regimen) for non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma.

PMID- 1098916
TI  - Effect of transplanted syngeneic myelomas on the antibody response of mice.

PMID- 1098917
TI  - Uptake of proteins by red blood cells.

PMID- 1098918
TI  - Measurement of erythropoiesis by radio-iron incorporation: influence of iron- and
      cell kinetic changes.
AB  - 59Fe blood appearance curves have been obtained in mice by injection of the
      isotope at various times after 850 rad whole body X-irradiation and bone marrow
      grafting in order to produce different levels of erythropoiesis. The results
      demonstrate that measurements at 24, 48 and 72 hours are not comparable and lead
      to different interpretations. Standardization of the time at which 59Fe uptake
      measurements are made is therefore recommended.

PMID- 1098919
TI  - The effects of antilymphocyte sera on bone marrow allograft rejection.
AB  - Prior sensitization can be a problem in successful graft take in bone marrow
      therapy. Spleen weight and femoral marrow cellularity have been used as indices
      of successful graft take in lethally irradiated mice receiving bone marrow
      allografts. Recovery if poor in mice sensitized, at least 6 days before
      irradiation and bone marrow therapy, to an intraperitoneal injection of allogenic
      bone marrow cells. Rabbit anti-mouse lymphocyte serum, normal rabbit serum and
      pig anti-mouse lymphocyte serum but not normal pig serum partially ablate tis
      immunity when administered 8 and 10 days after sensitization. Normal rabbit serum
      is, however, ineffective when administratered 26 and 28 days after sensitization
      whereas rabbit anti-mouse lymphocyte serum completely ablates this immunity.
      These findings demonstrate the marked radioresistance of the secondary response
      to bone marrow allografts and further show the effectiveness of antilymphocyte
      sera in ablating this immunity.

PMID- 1098920
TI  - Quantitative measurements on the haemopoietic systems of three strains of mice.
AB  - Quantitative measurements on the haemopoiedic systems of SAS/4, 3H and RFM mice
      have been used to calculate the distribution and population sizes of haemopoietic
      cells in the bone marrow, spleen and peripheral blood. Considerable strain
      differences have been found in the sizes of haemopioetic stem cell populations
      and in the distribution of these cells within the haemopioetic system, although
      the incidence of CFU-S was shown to be uniform throughout skeletal sites of
      haemopioesis. The seeding efficiency of colony forming cells in the spleen,
      measured by the 'f" factor 24 hours after irradiation and transplantation, also
      differs between strains and between the bone marrow and spleen of the strains
      investigated.

PMID- 1098921
TI  - Increased template activity in injured tissue.

PMID- 1098922
TI  - Altered tissue eosinophils in Hodgkin's Disease.

PMID- 1098923
TI  - Children born to women denied abortion.
AB  - 'Compulsory childbearing has varied and sometimes unfavorable consequences for
      the subsequent life of the child.... The higher incidence of illness and
      hospitalization..., slightly poorer school marks and performance, somewhat worse
      integrationin the peer group--all point to a higher risk situation for the
      (unwanted) child and the family, as well as for society.... Boys born from
      unwanted pregnancies are more endangered in the development of their
      personalities than girls'.

PMID- 1098924
TI  - New 2-methyldiethylammoniumethylthio-4-aryl-3h-1,5-benzodiazepine iodides with
      antibacterial activity. ii.

PMID- 1098925
TI  - Polysomes in Escherichia coli during amino acid starvation: structural change
      observed by electron microscopy.

PMID- 1098926
TI  - Change of isoaccepting threonyl-tRNA and contitutively increased level of
      threonyl-tRNA-synthetase in E. coli.

PMID- 1098927
TI  - Photoaffinity labelling of 23 S RNA at the donor-site of the Escherichia coli
      ribosome.

PMID- 1098928
TI  - A possible role for a single cysteine residue in carboxypeptidase Y.

PMID- 1098929
TI  - The incorporation of GMP-residues from GTP into the polynucleotide fraction
      during poly-U directed poly-A synthesis catalyzed by E. coli RNA polymerase.

PMID- 1098930
TI  - Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases from baker's yeast: reacting site of enzymatic
      aminoacylation is not uniform for all tRNAs.

PMID- 1098931
TI  - Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase from baker's yeast: the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'
      terminal ribose is essential for preventing misacylation of tRNAIle-C-C-A with
      misactivated valine.

PMID- 1098932
TI  - Proteins at the mRNA binding site of the Escherichia coli ribosome.

PMID- 1098933
TI  - Sodium-dependent glutamate transport in membrane vesicles of Escherichia coli K
      12.

PMID- 1098934
TI  - Carboxymethylated (His)2 luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone: a new conjugable
      derivative.

PMID- 1098935
TI  - Primary structure of ribosomal protein S6 from the wild type and a mutant of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1098936
TI  - Immobilized derivative of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Application to affinity
      chromatography of tryptophanase and tyrosine phenol-lyase.

PMID- 1098937
TI  - The primary structure of the 5S RNA binding protein L18 from Escherichia coli
      ribosomes.

PMID- 1098938
TI  - Physical dependence on alcohol in mice.
AB  - Although it has not yet been possible to construct a complete model of alcoholism
      in experimental animals; some aspects of the disease can now be studied with
      satisfactory laboratory systems. Production of physical dependence requires a
      period of continuous intoxication; brief intervals of sobriety allow the accrued
      dependence to disappear. Administration of ethanol by inhalation, with daily
      injections of pyrazole, allows maintenance of stable blood alcohol levels in
      mice. In this model, physical dependence arises to its maximum in a week or two
      and can decay in less than a day. Sedative drugs suppress the mouse withdrawal
      reactions but drugs that intefere with catecholamine or gamma-aminobutyric acid
      pathways facilitate withdrawal seizures. Susceptibility to withdrawal seizures is
      controlled in part by genetic factors.

PMID- 1098939
TI  - Direct effects of ethanol on the nervous system.
AB  - Neurophysiological, neurochemical and behavioral studies of the effects of
      ethanol on the nervous system have so far failed to identify specific, direct,
      primary mechnisms of action that may account for the typical pattern of alcohol
      intoxication in vivo. Electroencephalogram and evoked response studies indicate
      biphasic effects in the intact subject, which may correlate better with the level
      of arousal than with a specific drug action. Effects on spinal reflexes are also
      biphasic, probably representing the net result of direct influence on resting
      membrane potential, primary afferent depolarization, and neurotransmitter
      release. With the exception of its inhibitory effect on release of oxytocin,
      vasopressin and possibly other hypothalamic peptides, ethanol does not appear
      notably different in its spectrum of effects from a wide range of other
      hypnotics, anesthetics and minor tranquilizers. Interpretation of the findings is
      complicated by the fact that functional alteration of any given neuronal system
      by ethanol in vivo may reflect a) direct local action of ethanol on the cells
      under study, b) change in the input to those cells because of an action elsewhere
      in the nervous system, c) effects of ethanol metabolites, or d) indirect
      consequences of decreased blood flow, oxygen or metabolite supply, hormonal
      action, or hypothermia, due to disturbances of homeostasis in the whole body as a
      result of deep intoxication. To date, attempts to circmvent b, c and d by the
      study of brain tissue in vitro have shown consistent effects of ethanol only at
      concentrations well above those that are meaningful in vivo. Relatively specific
      patterns of action of different drugs in vivo may prove to be largely dependent
      on their customary rates and routes of administration, and on summation of minor
      differences in the dose-response curves with different types of neuron, even
      though the basic types of molecular action may be essentially similar.

PMID- 1098940
TI  - Ethanol and brain ribosomes.
AB  - The effects of chronic ethanol intake by mice and rats have been determined on
      brain ribosomes. Under conditions of ethanol administration, when physical
      dependence on ethanol either does or does not develop in rats, significant
      inhibition of polypeptide synthesis was observed in comparison with animals not
      receiving ethanol. In both rats and mice drinking a 10% ethanol solution, in
      vitro protein synthesis was found to be diminished more in the free than membrane
      bound polyribosomes (polysomes) when compared to similar fractions obtained from
      control animals. Addition of exogenous amino acids stimulated protein synthesis
      of free polysomes to a greater extent than that of bound polysomes obtained from
      both groups of micemin vivo incorporation of [5-3H]-orotic acid into RNA was more
      inhibited in polysomes than ribosomes of ethanol-drinking mice, suggesting that
      ethanol affects messenger RNA. In addition, chronic ethanol ingestion produced a
      decreased in vivo incorporation in ribosomal RNA of a mixed population of
      ribosomes and polysomes. Chronic ethanol ingestion by mice led also to a
      differential effect on the polysomal population of the brain. It decreased the
      amount and the incorporation of precursor label into RNA of free polysomes while
      exerting an opposite effect on bound polysomes. The significance of these
      findings relative to brain metabolism is discussed.

PMID- 1098941
TI  - Supersensitivity-like phenomena in the central nervous system.
AB  - The are numerous supersensitivity-like changes in the central nervous system
      associated with denervation and disuse. There is little evidence, however, for
      increases in postjunctional sensitivity exactly parallel to that which occurs in
      disused effector organs. As we learn more about the mechanisms responsible for
      supersensitivity in effector organs, it becomes evident that the operation of
      such mechanisms in neurons may have reverberations in all spheres of cellular
      function, including transmitter release and energy control as well as receptor
      function.

PMID- 1098942
TI  - Use of synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in induction of ovulation
      in amenorrheic patients.
AB  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), administered to normal women in
      divided intrramuscular doses or by intravenous infusion, resulted in a prolonged
      release of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone from the
      pituitary gland, reliably resulting in ovulation during the late follicular
      phase. LH-RH was administered 6 days after clomiphene to 18 amenorrheic,
      anovulatory, infertile women in whom clomiphene therapy had failed previously.
      When LH-RH was administered intramuscularly in two divided doses, ovulation
      occurred in six of eight women and in 11 of 22 woman-months of stimulation (50%).
      One pregnancy occurred. When LH-RH was administered by intravenous infusion,
      ovulation occurred in nine of ten women and in 16 of 26 woman-months of
      stimulation (61.5%); three of the ten women became pregnant. Pregnancy also
      followed treatment withLH-RH in one patient with irregular menses and functional
      sterility.

PMID- 1098943
TI  - The presence of peptidases in the rabbit hypothalamus capable of inactivating
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.
AB  - The presence of peptidases in the rabbit hypothalamus capable of inactivating
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) was investigated with the use of a
      sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for the releasing hormone. Enzymes acting
      on LH-RH were found in two fractions from rabbit hypothalami, a particulate
      fraction and a supernatant fraction, which very rapidly inactivated the
      decapeptide. Peptidase activity in the particulate fraction from male and female
      rabbits was approximately the same, but the supernatant fraction from female
      animals had significantly greater peptidase activity than that from male animals.
      These findings confirm the hypothesis that rabbit hypothalamus contains
      peptidases which inactivate LH-RH, and give some indication that the enzymes may
      be involved in the control by the central nervous system of reproductive
      function.

PMID- 1098944
TI  - [Jakub Witold Stefanski (1891-1973)].

PMID- 1098945
TI  - Psoriasis: a review. II.
AB  - Notwithstanding the intense interest in systemic cytotoxic therapy in recent
      years, the great majority in psoriatics are likely to go on needing topical
      therapy with tar, dithranol or corticosteroids, and a welcome trend is the
      spreading of interest in day care centres such as those in Paris (GRUPPER),
      Stockholm (THYRESSON), Stanford (FARBER) and San Francisco (CRAM) evolving from
      the out-patient regimes advocated by INGRAM in Leeds a generation ago.

PMID- 1098946
TI  - Site of gene action in the development of hair pigment in recessive yellow (e/e)
      mice.

PMID- 1098947
TI  - Effect of glucose and anti-insulin serum on insulin released from adult rat
      isolated islets of Langerhans in long-term organ culture (fourteen days).
AB  - Isolated islets of Langerhans from adult male rats were cultured in media
      containing either basal (1 gm./ml.) or high glucose (3 mg./ml.), and the media
      were changed every two days for fourteen days. The insulin released in each
      medium was measured by a back-titration radioimmunoassay. Insulin secretion was
      fairly constant in the basal glucose medium and a consistent three-to-sevenfold
      increase was observed in the alternated or continuous presence of high glucose.
      Addition of an excess of anti-insulin serum did not change significantly the
      basal or stimulated release of insulin. The electron microscopic appearance of
      the islets after fourteen days of incubation showed well-preserved islets both
      with or without anti-insulin serum. Anti-insulin serum did not alter the
      ultrastructural aspects of the islets in either basal or high glucose media.

PMID- 1098948
TI  - Effect of lectins on hormone release from isolated rat islets of langerhans.
AB  - Lectins from Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus campestris stimulate insulin and
      glucagon release from isolated rat islets in the presence of 2 mM glucose. In the
      case of insulin release, maximal stimulation was observed at lectin
      concentrations above 58 mug. per milliliter (approximately 1 muM).A. bisporus PHA
      B-stimulated insulin release was independent of a source of metabolic energy but
      was abolished by deuterium oxide. The lectin did not alter islet glucose
      oxidation to CO2 or incorporation of [3H] leucine into trichloracetic acid
      precipitable material nor did it modify rates of insulin secretion induced by 20
      mM glucose. None of nine other lectins tested stimulated insulin release, whereas
      stimulation of fat cell glucose oxidation was a general property of the lectins.
      Binding of 125I-labeled A. bisporus PHA-B to islets increased with time up to one
      hour and after attainment of equilibrium was very slowly reversible. Binding was
      directly proportional to islet number and the estimated Kdiss of the binding
      reaction was 17 mug per milliliter. The total number of A. bisporus PHA-B binding
      sites per islet was approximately 2 times 10(10). Binding of A. bisporus PHA-B to
      the islets and A. bisporus PHA-B-stimulated insulin release were inhibited in
      parallel by a glycopeptide containing the oligosaccharide receptor for the
      lectin, suggesting that lectin binding is essential for the expression of insulin
      releasing activity. It is proposed that the specific interaction between mushroom
      lectin and its receptors may lead to conformational changes in the structure of
      the membranes of the islet A2- and B-cells that facilitate exocytosis.

PMID- 1098950
TI  - I. Arthur Mirsky. 1907-1974.

PMID- 1098949
TI  - Dietary-fiber hypothesis of the etiology of diabetes mellitus.

PMID- 1098951
TI  - Effects of cyproheptadine on insulin secretion by isolated perifused rat islets.
AB  - The effects of cyproheptadine on basal and glucose-induced insulin release by
      isolated rat islets was studied by use of a perifusion system. A forty-five
      minute preincubation of islets with a medium containing both 34.3 mug./ml. (10(
      4) M) cyproheptadine and 1.0 mg./ml. glucose completely abolished the biphasic
      pattern of increased insulin secretion normally obtained after islets are
      stimulated with a medium containing 3.0 mg./ml. glucose. In another series of
      experiments, similar results were obtained when the cyproheptadine and 3.0
      mg./ml. glucose were presented together. Here, however, the inhibition of the
      first phase of insulin secretion did not achieve statistical significance and
      some recovery of the islets' secretory capacity was observed late during the
      second phase. In studies designed to investigate the influence of cyproheptadine
      on basal insulin secretion, no obvious effect was observed. These results are
      discussed in relation to the species-specific alterations in pancreatic beta-cell
      morphology that have been reported in rats after the oral administration of
      cyproheptadine.

PMID- 1098952
TI  - Letter: Sodium valproate in the treatment of intractable childhood epilepsy.

PMID- 1098953
TI  - The tropic action of gastro-intestinal hormones.
AB  - There is evidence that under various physiological circumstances long-term
      adaptation of structure and function of the gut occurs. The mechanisms of these
      changes are not clear but gastro-intestinal hormones may be involved. In
      particular, gastrin which has been shown experimentally to stimulate growth and
      development of parts of the gut, probably has a role in maintaining the structure
      of the normal upper alimentary tract. Cholecystokinin may be of major importance
      in producing adaptive changes in the pancreas in response to dietary
      modifications and enteroglucagon is possibly concerned with maintaining a normal
      small intestinal structure. The importance of the 'trophic' action of
      gatrointestinal hormones is becoming more widely recognised and as new gastro
      intestinal hormones become established, this aspect of their physiological
      importance as well as their acute effects, will deserve attention.

PMID- 1098954
TI  - Presentation of Julius Friedenwald award to Joseph B. Kirsner.

PMID- 1098955
TI  - Hepatic veno-occlusive disease in a renal transplant patient receiving
      azathioprine.
AB  - Central vein phlebitis and occlusion developed in a patient who was receiving
      immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine (Imuran) and prednisone after renal
      transplantation. He had been well for 1 year before evidence of liver disease was
      noted; once begun, it progressed to hepatocellular failure in spite of a change
      in immunosuppressants from azathioprine to cyclophosphamide. Several known causes
      of venoocclusive disease and the possible causes in this patient are discussed.

PMID- 1098956
TI  - Physiology of the gallbladder.

PMID- 1098957
TI  - [Johann Friedrich Meckel senior. Contribution to the thesis of inguinal hernias].

PMID- 1098958
TI  - Special issue on athero-arteriosclerosis. An iconoclastic view of current
      concepts concerning genesis, prevention, and control.

PMID- 1098959
TI  - Cutting retirement budgets down to size.

PMID- 1098961
TI  - Health care program--new model or major overhaul?

PMID- 1098960
TI  - Bone marrow and peripheral blood involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

PMID- 1098962
TI  - The problems of abdominal operations in elderly patients.
AB  - In a series of 152 patients aged 65 years or older who underwent abdominal
      operations between January 1 and December 31, 1971, the total mortality was 17
      percent. Pulmonary pathologic conditions were responsible for the majority of the
      deaths. Use of IPPB did not significantly influence the postoperative course.
      This study suggests that meticulous preoperative preparation of patients;
      deliberate, clean, and efficient surgical techniques; and intensive postoperative
      care are of utmost importance in surgical treatment of the elderly.

PMID- 1098963
TI  - [50 years of organization of work in the USSR for the study and prevention of
      occupational diseases].

PMID- 1098964
TI  - [Use of the hexacascade Andersen impactor for study of the number of bacterial
      spores on fabric and clothing products].

PMID- 1098965
TI  - [Hygienic characteristics of the dust factor in agriculture and its effect on the
      respiratory organs].

PMID- 1098966
TI  - [Survival of microorganisms of the intestinal group and Staphylococcus aureus on
      synthetic polymeric materials].

PMID- 1098967
TI  - [In memoriam: Dr. Stanislaw Jerzy Hibl (9/26/1919-9/17/1974)].

PMID- 1098968
TI  - Aspects of the effect of metiamide on pentagastrin-stimulated and basal gastric
      secretion of acid and pepsin in man.
AB  - This study has examined the inhibition produced by metiamide on the gastric
      secretion of acid and pepsin in 13 patients with duodenal and three with gastric
      ulcer. The effect of metiamide on the response to a range of doses of
      pentagastrin in three normal individuals was determined, as was the interaction
      of metiamide and atropine on prolonged basal secretion. Metiamide inhibited the
      secretion of acid more than pepsin and the gastric secretion of patients with
      gastric ulcer more than duodenal ulcer. Metiamide inhibited both the maximal
      secretory response attainable with pentagastrin and decreased the sensitivity to
      pentagastrin. Atropine augmented and prolonged the action of metiamide.

PMID- 1098970
TI  - [Ileal conduit in kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1098971
TI  - [Chloramphenicol].

PMID- 1098969
TI  - Duodenal ulcer in black populations in Africa south of the Sahara.

PMID- 1098972
TI  - [Rabbi Yehuda Halevy as a physician].

PMID- 1098973
TI  - [Salivary enzyme activity in disorders of the parotid gland].

PMID- 1098974
TI  - [Ophthalmology in the Talmudic period. Part V. Ophthalmological treatment].

PMID- 1098975
TI  - [Repeated bone graft transplantation in a gross humeral defect].

PMID- 1098976
TI  - [Aplastic anemia following acute viral hepatitis associated with
      hypogammaglobulinemia--attempted treatment by bone marrow transplantation].

PMID- 1098977
TI  - [Editorial: Resumption of female reproductive function following renal
      transplantation].

PMID- 1098978
TI  - [Serum heat stable alkaline phosphatase in evaluation of intrauterine fetal
      condition].

PMID- 1098979
TI  - Academician B. E. Bykhovsky is dead.

PMID- 1098980
TI  - Development of host resistance to Fasciola hepatica after the elimination of
      primary infection with diamphenethide.
AB  - We studied the specificity of the individual developmental stages of Fasciola
      hepatica for evoking immune response of the host to reinfection with this
      parasite, whereby the primary infection was eliminated by a dose of 150 mg/kg
      diamphenethide administered in various intervals. In rats we observed a state of
      hypersensitivity demonstrated by retarded migration and growth of the flukes and
      the reduction in the number of sexually developed parasites. The changes were
      most marked, if the elimination of the immunizing infection followed 8-10 weeks
      after primary infection.

PMID- 1098981
TI  - Transplantation of homologous bone marrow cells to lethally irradiated mice -
      changes in the spleen.

PMID- 1098982
TI  - Effects of various cerebral metabolic activators on glucose metabolism of brain.
AB  - The effects of various metabolic activators on the glucose metabolism of the
      perfused cat brain have been investigated.  (1) When the perfusion is done with
      the blood containing cytidine monophosphate, the glucose metabolism of the brain
      is enhanced, as compared to the perfusion with the blood without cytidine
      monophosphate.  There is no marked change in the cerebral metabolic rate and in
      the contents of intermediate metabolite of glucose in the brain.  (2) Citicoline
      enhances the incorporation of blood glucose into the brain and its metabolism in
      the brain.  It increases slightly the cerebral blood flow rate and decreases the
      accumulation of lactate in the brain.  (3) Either Pyrithioxin or Meclophenoxate
      has no effect on the glucose metabolism of the brain nor on the cerebral
      metabolic rate.

PMID- 1098983
TI  - The potential mutagenicity of dieldrin (HEOD) in mammals.

PMID- 1098984
TI  - A case for using inbred strains of labroatory animals in evaluating the safety of
      drugs.

PMID- 1098985
TI  - [Symptom-centered group therapy for phobias--the problem-oriented workshop in
      psychotherapy].
AB  - Short term psychotherapy is increasingly recognized as a socioeconomic necessity.
      Problem-oriented treatments, particularly if applied in problem-homogenous
      groups, are one means of economizing and sometimes even improving psychotherapy.
      They also require a re-evaluation of the nature of the patient-therapist dyad.
      The "task-oriented small group" as a basic field of human interaction has been
      studied intensively in experimental social psychology. Nevertheless, group
      psychotherapy and behavior therapy have largely neglected group-specific aspects
      of such variables as cohesion, task-orientation, modelling, mutual self-help,
      risk-taking, motivation and insight. This paper outlines some recent changes in
      this respect, and discusses in particular the "symptomoriented peer workshop" as
      a treatment milieu. The general therapeutic potential of the peer workshop is
      briefly assessed with regard to the application of the above mentioned group
      variables in peer self-help groups, rehabilitation programs for the chronically
      hospitalized, symptom or depth-treatment in short-term psychotherapy, and in re
      education programs for problem-children. The main concern is with its specific
      application to the treatment of phobias. Phobias are comparatively easy to
      define, yet are often connected with other personality problems. This has made
      them a model-problem in the arguments about symptom-substitution between "psycho"
      and "behavior" -therapists, and it has stimulated discussion as to how behavior
      focused treatments affect cognition and emotion, and to what extend depth and
      insight-oriented therapies change behavior. The interaction between treated and
      non-treated problems, and the behavioral, cognitive and emotional effects of
      differential treatment ingredients are discussed with special reference to the
      first controlled study in behavior therapy, that applied behavior-focussed
      confrontation with reality (flooding in vivo) under the sociodynamics of the
      small gsoup. Problem-focussed retraining under real-life conditions (reality
      testing) as group-therapeutic fieldwork can be a means of treatment in its own
      right may open up the patient for subsequent attempts to tackle more complex
      problems, or may just be an adjuvant in a multi-level approach. This certainly
      applies for phobias and can probably be generalized to other problems.

PMID- 1098986
TI  - Alimentary and Gastrointestinal Allergy.

PMID- 1098987
TI  - Gastritis.

PMID- 1098988
TI  - Ulcerative colitis.

PMID- 1098989
TI  - The immunological basis of coeliac disease.

PMID- 1098990
TI  - Induction of pseudopregnancy in the rat by electrochemical stimulation of the
      brain.
AB  - Electrochemical stimulation of the neocortex, VMH-arcuate hypothalamus, medial
      preoptic area, corticomedial amygdala, and dorsal hippocampus was performed under
      pentobarbital anesthesia to determine the brain regions involved in prolactin
      release as evidenced by pseudopregnancy. Stimulation occurred on the day of
      vaginal estrus, followed 4 days later by uterine traumatization. All animals were
      sacrificed 8 days after brain stimulation. Medial preoptic sitmulation resulted
      in an 83% incidence of pseudopregnancy while VMH-arcuate stimulation resulted in
      43% incidence. Amygdaloid and hippocampal stimulation resulted in a lower
      incidence of pseudopregnancy (20 and 24%, respectively). Stimulation of the
      neocortex or sham stimulation of the five brain regions did not induce
      pseudopregnancy. These data indicate that the MPOA and VMH-arcuate hypothalamus
      are areas which may facilitate the release of prolactin necessary for the
      development of pseudopregnancy. The lower incidence of deciduomata formation
      resulting from electrochemical stimulation on the amygdala and hippocampus
      suggest that these areas have a minor effect on stimulating the induction of
      pseudopregnancy.

PMID- 1098991
TI  - Twenty-five years of hospital and community psychiatry: 1945-1970.
AB  - The author, the first medical director of the American Psychiatric Association
      and APA president in 1964-65, presents a historical review of the 25 years
      between 1945 and 1970, a period in which there was a reawakening of interest in
      the mentally ill and mentally retarded after years of neglect. He lists major
      landmarks in mental health care during those years, describes the first Mental
      Hospital Institiute held by the American Psychiatric Association in 1949, and
      presents an anecdotal footnote about the Joint Commission on Mental Illness and
      Health.

PMID- 1098992
TI  - Japan strains under complex health system.

PMID- 1098993
TI  - Criticism of the Medicare validation survey.

PMID- 1098994
TI  - Hospitals, Blue Cross plans should examine mutual concerns.

PMID- 1098995
TI  - Distinguished service award: George E. Cartmill.

PMID- 1098996
TI  - Capital close-up: the new HEW secretary.

PMID- 1098997
TI  - Sainthood for Blessed Elizabeth Seton.

PMID- 1098998
TI  - Fetal experimentation: an evaluation of the new federal norms.

PMID- 1098999
TI  - Further characterization of antigen-dependent migration inhibition factor in
      mice.
AB  - Antigen-dependent MIF was produced in inbred mice. Lymph node cells from mice
      sensitized to tubercle bacilli were incubated with small quantities of antigen.
      The supernatant contained antigen-dependent MIF and its activity when tested on
      mouse and rabbit spleen was minimal unless PPD was added to the supernatant. The
      production of the antigen-dependent MIF was T cell-dependent, as shown by the use
      of anti-theta serum. Its molecular weight was in the range of 50--100,000 and it
      was concluded that the factor is different from conventional antibodies or
      antigen-antibody complexes.

PMID- 1099000
TI  - The recovery of the B-cell population in adult thymectomized, lethally irradiated
      and bone marrow-reconstituted mice.
AB  - The recovery of the B-cell population in adult thymectomized, irradiated and bone
      marrow-reconstituted mice (T X BM mice was estimated at various times after bone
      marrow transplantation. The spleen cells to be tested were mixed with
      dexamethasone-resistant thymocytes (DRT) and sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and
      transferrred to irradiated recipients. The number of plaque-forming cells (PFC)
      in the spleen of the recipients was determined 7 days later. Using this
      functional B-cell assay a sequential appearance of the precursors of IgM-, IgG-
      and IgA-PFC in the spleen of T X BM mice was observed. The precursors of IgM-PFG
      (IgM-B cells) were present immediately after transplantation. The first IgG-B
      cells could be detected at 13-16 days after transplantation and the IgA-B cells
      finally appeared at 22 days after transplantation. The number of B cells reached
      a constant and normal level at 30 days after transplantation. The IgM-, IgG- and
      IgA-B cell development in sham-thymectomized, irradiated and bone narrow
      reconstituted mice (ST X BM mice) was virtually the same as in T X BM mice.

PMID- 1099001
TI  - Heat-resistant characteristics of Escherichia coli strains isolated from milk &
      milk products.

PMID- 1099002
TI  - Association of gastroenteritis with urinary tract infection in infancy.

PMID- 1099003
TI  - Rubella and its prevention.

PMID- 1099004
TI  - Levels of lysosomal enzymes in tissues of mice infected with Mycoplasma
      fermentans.
AB  - The effects of a toxic dose of Mycoplasma fermentans on levels of lysosomal
      enzymes in mice were examined. Washed cell suspensions (approximately 10(10)
      colony-forming units) of a recent isolate of M. fermentans were injected
      intraperitoneally into 3- to 4-week-old BALB mice, and levels of acid phosphatase
      and beta-glucuronidase were monitored in liver, spleen, thymus, and serum. Levels
      of acid phosphatase remained essentially normal, but levels of beta-glucuronidase
      were markedly evevated in serum and to a lesser extent in liver and thymus. The
      peak response of serum beta-glucuronidase was noted at 8 h postinjection, with a
      level of 30 mug of phenolphthalein released per ml per h, representing a six-fold
      increase over control levels. Pretreatment with BCG did not potentiate the effect
      as it did with endotoxin. The implication of this increased lysosomal enzyme
      activity in "lethal toxicity" is that that the increase may be secondary to some
      other cytotoxic event, or that the affinity of mycoplasmas for biological
      membranes may be involved. The data suggest that the role of lysosomal enzymes in
      other models of mycoplasma-induced disease should be evaluated.

PMID- 1099005
TI  - Sequential appearance of salivary antibodies after oral immunization of axenic
      mice.
AB  - The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the production of
      specific salivary antibodies after oral immunization of axenic mice (ICR/CD-1)
      with formalinized Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775). Three aspects of the humoral
      response were studied: (i) the sequential appearance of anti-E. coli antibodies;
      (ii) classes of antibodies produced in response to the antigen; and (iii)
      antibody specificity. Antibody levels were determined by passive hemagglutination
      with soluble lipoplysaccharide and bacterial agglutination, using preparations of
      somatic O and flagellar H antigens. A short latent period of 1 to 3 days was
      observed when saliva samples were assayed for anti-lipopolysaccharide and anti-O
      antibodies. The salivary antibody titers peaked at 11 days after initiation of
      the immunization regimen. Only two of six mice exhibited a change in serum
      antibody levels against these antigens. The predominant class of early antibody
      in saliva was immunoglobulin (Ig)G; however by 7 days IgA WAS found to comprise
      the major portion of specific immunoglobulins. Serum antibodies directed against
      falgellar antigenic determinants were primarily of the IgM class, whereas the
      salivary antibodies were IgG in nature.

PMID- 1099006
TI  - In situ separation of bacterial trapping and killing functions of the perfused
      liver.
AB  - CF-1 mice cleared and killed 80% of a 1.2 x 10(9) intravenous dose of Salmonella
      typhimurium after 30 min. The perfused mouse liver trapped 70% of a similar dose
      of S. typhimurium in a single pass, but in the perfusion model no significant
      killing of the trapped organisms was observed. The perfused rat liver also avidly
      trapped bacteria. Because of its larger size, we have been able to devise
      techniques to experimentally distinguish between the bacterial trapping and
      killing functions of this organ. When the liver was washed free of blood with
      sterile M-199, over 70 to 80% of a 10(6) to 10(10) dose of viable S. typhimurium
      was trapped after a single pass, but no significant bacterial killing was
      observed. When blood or plasma was added to the perfusion medium, over 50% of the
      trapped bacteria were killed in 15 to 30 min. Phase contrast and electron
      micrographs of perfused livers showed extensive extracellular trapping of
      bacteria in the sinusoids. Our data show that humoral factors are apparently not
      necessary for efficient trapping of live Salmonella by the perfused rat liver but
      are an absolute requirement for bacterial activity of the organ.

PMID- 1099007
TI  - The Federation Dentaire Internationale, 1900-1975.
AB  - The author presents an historical survey of the development of the Federation
      Dentaire Internationale. Beginning with its foundation by Charles Godon in 1900
      he describes the growth of the Federation as an organization of the dental
      profession which continued despite the interruption of two world wars. The most
      important aims and events of the first 50 years are presented in chronological
      sequence. In the period of the last 25 years--after the London Congress of 1952--
      the main emphasis is placed on describing the present structure and objectives of
      the Federation. Brief reflections on the Federation of today conclude the
      article.

PMID- 1099008
TI  - The mystery bridges of Martin Bormann's alleged Berlin skull--key clues for
      forensic identification or another Piltdown case?
AB  - Dental records prepared by Martin Bormann's dentist Dr Hugo Blaschke in 1945 have
      been examined in the Captured Military Record Branch of the US National Archives
      in 1972 and compared with the direct evidence from examination of skeletal
      remains unearthed in Berlin in 1972 at a site next to Lehrter RR station where
      Bormann is known to have been seen alive for the last time on May 2, 1945. There
      is adequate qualitative and quantitative concurrence between all available
      antemortem and postmortem dental data to ascertain that the forensic
      identification of Martin Bormann can be considered established.

PMID- 1099009
TI  - Lymphokines in sensitized rats. I. Migration inhibitory factor(s) from
      specifically stimulated thymocytes in vitro.
AB  - Cell-mediated immune responses were studied in Wistar rats by migration
      inhibition factor (MIF) assays in vitro of lymphoid cells derived from thymus,
      spleen and peripheral blood and peritoneal exudates and by delayed cutaneous
      hypersensitivity reactions in vivo. Using PPD and purified diphtheria toxoid as
      soluble test antigens it appeared that significant migration inhibition was
      observed only when sensitized thymus and peritoneal exudate cells were used in
      the direct capillary migration system. Indirect MIF assays, using both capillary
      and agarose techniques, showed that migration inhibitory activity was found in
      thymus culture supernatants as well as in spleen culture supernatants of
      sensitized animals. The MIF activity in thymic cell culture supernatants seemed
      to be antigen-independent, although in this respect no definitive conclusions can
      be drawn from the present results. Migration inhibition in direct and indirect
      techniques always correlated with a positive delayed-type skin reaction. It is
      suggested that a population of thymus cells of sensitized animals is able to
      produce MIF on specific antigenic stimulation in vitro. This might support the
      idea that a cell population within the thymus possesses characteristics of
      peripheral T cells.

PMID- 1099010
TI  - Lymphokines. I. Use of insoluble concanavalin A for the production of migration
      inhibitory factor in guinea pig lymphocyte cultures.
AB  - Incubation of guinea pig lymph node lymphocytes with insoluble concanavalin A
      (Con A) in serum-free medium yields sizable amounts of migration inhibition (MIF)
      and mitogenic factors (MF). Various controls confirmed that the activities
      detected in supernatants from such cultures are not due to free soluble Con A
      released during culture. Whereas guinea pig MIF does not act upon human and horse
      monocytes, guinea pig MF stimulated human but not horse lymphocytes. Upon
      stimulation by insoluble Con A, guinea pig MIF and MF appear to be produced
      essentially by T lymphocytes. The technique proposed for producing lymphokines
      appears convenient for further purification and biochemical characterization of
      culture supernatants.

PMID- 1099011
TI  - Regulation of antibody formation in chickens escaping from tolerance to human
      serum albumin.
AB  - The immune capacity of chickens made tolerant to human serum albumin just after
      hatching was studied after a primary and secondary challenge at 7--14 weeks of
      age, of either 1 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg. The class and avidity of antibody produced
      by birds "escaping" from tolerance was similar to normal controls. The escaping
      chickens made a normal peak antibody response to a high dose but not to a low
      dose (except that the response to a low secondary dose after priming with a high
      dose was normal); but the decline of the antibody titer was abrupt, indicating
      inability to maintain the response. It is concluded that the antibody-forming
      capacity of B cells is normal, but regulation of antibody formation is impaired
      in previously tolerant chickens.

PMID- 1099012
TI  - Behaviour of local and systemic immunoglobulins in patients with lung cancer.
AB  - Tissue blocks from lung parenchyma in the vicinity of primary lung cancer and
      regional lymph nodes were collected during surgery from 22 patients. Cryostat
      sections were assessed for the presence of five five immunoglobulin classes by
      means of immunofluorescence. Imprints made from surfaces of freshly resected
      tumours were used for indirect immunofluorescent reaction to detect anti-tumour
      antibodies in the autologous system sera of patients after surgery. Also, sera of
      60 lung cancer patients were assessed for IgG, A, M levels. It has been found
      that the direct vicinity of primary lung cancer and regional lymph nodes was a
      site of intensive immunoglobulin synthesis is plasma cells, with a predominance
      of the IgA and IgG classes. Serum anti-tumour antibody was found in 3 cases out
      of 22. There were significantly elevated serum immunoglobulin levels with
      predominance of IgA and IgG. Inoperable patients had higher immunoglobulin levels
      then those who underwent surgery.

PMID- 1099013
TI  - Yoshida ascites sarcoma grown in mice.
AB  - Xenogeneic Yoshida ascites sarcoma grows well in the abdominal cavity of
      thymectomized, irradiated mice reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow. These
      animals displayed a 100-percent mortality. In control sham-thymectomized,
      irradiated mice reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow mortality was
      significantly lower. The tumor growth could be neutralized by means of single
      intravenous injection of nonimmune spleen cells inoculated at the same time as
      the tumor. Tumor cells grown in mice killed normal rats and were rejected by
      normal mice.

PMID- 1099014
TI  - Organization and unionization of health workers in the United States: the trade
      union perspective.
AB  - Recent legislation in Washington opened the door to organization and unionization
      of health workers in voluntary hospitals and highlighted the poor pay and
      unorganized status of this enormous work force of at least 1.5 million persons,
      many of whom are women, black, or Spanish-speaking. The authors, who are senior
      officials of District 1199 of the National Union of Hospital and Health Care
      Employees, chart the factors associated with the low priority given over the
      years to organizing hospital workers, and the first breakthroughs, in New York
      City hospitals, in 1958. From a start with lowest income hospital workers, the
      subsequent inclusion of technical and professional workers and linkages with the
      highly publicized hospital workers' strike in Charleston, South Carolina in 1969.
      The benefits of unionization and the broader social goals of the union are
      discussed.

PMID- 1099015
TI  - Unionization, strikes, threatened strikes, and hospitals--the view from hospital
      management.
AB  - The history of union organizing efforts in the hospital field is discussed in
      this article, along with the factors judged necessary for successful union
      organizing. The role played by labor legislation in the unionization of hospital
      workers is shown, and the influences of the National Labor Relations Act, the
      Taft-Hartley amendments, and labor legislation at the local level are described.
      Management has largely resisted unionization because of the social nature of
      hospitals. Competitive market forces do not confront the not-for-profit
      hospitals, which are dependent upon third-party reimbursement. While strikes are
      an integral and essential part of collective bargaining in industry, they are, in
      fact, detrimental to hospitals because of these institutions' concern with human
      life. Despite laws and assurances from labor leaders that strikes will not occur,
      strikes have been used as a method for resolving disputes, through they are
      basically inconsistent with the economic characteristics and objectives of the
      hospital. The authors conclude that arbitration awards should be made by
      arbitrators appointed from outside of the local region of the hospital involved,
      ant that, because of the catastrophic effect of strikes upon patients as well as
      employees, arbitration awards should be required, should be binding upon both
      parties, and should be federally enforced.

PMID- 1099016
TI  - Acid mucopolysaccharide metabolism in leprosy. 3. Hyaluronic acid mycobacterial
      growth enhancement, and growth suppression by saccharic acid and vitamin C as
      inhibitors of beta-glucuronidase.
AB  - A series of pilot studies are presented utilizing mouse and human infections with
      M. leprae and mouse infections with M. lepraemurium relating to the previously
      reported finding that hyaluronic acid seems to be a major nutrient substrate for
      these bacilli. The "feeding" of hyaluronic acid to the bacilli enhanced the
      growth of M. leprae in mouse abdominal walls and increased the Morphologic Index
      of M. lepraemurium infection. Saccharic acid, an inhibitor of beta-glucuronidase
      previously reported as present in these leprosy bacilli, caused marked regression
      of advanced M. lepraemurium infection, inhii. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), also an
      inhibitor of beta-glucuronidase, given at a level of 1.5 gm/day for 4.5 months to
      one lepromatous patient without other treatment and for up to 24 months to four
      other lepromatous patients receiving DDS, was accompanied by lesion regression
      and changes in bacillary morphology similar to those seen in the inhibitor
      treated mice. If these observations are confirmed the possible use of beta
      glucuronidase inhibitors as a useful adjunct to other leprosy therapy is raised
      as is also the likelihood of developing new therapies.

PMID- 1099017
TI  - Effect of quinacrine, chloroquine and primaquine on the multiplication of
      Mycobacterium leprae in mice.
AB  - Quinacrine administered in 100 mg per kg body weight to mice had a bacteriostatic
      activity on M. leprae in the mouse, chloroquine at 15 mg per kg and primaquine at
      0.25 mg per kg were without activity. These findings could point to the presence
      of a functioning direct oxidative pathway of glucose catabolism in M. leprae.

PMID- 1099018
TI  - Separation of Mycobacterium lepraemurium from the subcutaneous tissues of the
      rat.
AB  - In an effort to obtain cell suspensions free from blood cells which interfere in
      spectrophotometric studies, a method was devised by which relatively large
      quantities of whole cell suspensions of M. lepraemurium are obtained for
      experimental purposes. We have routinely employed this procedure which is quite
      reliable, technically simple, moderate in equipment requirements, and in a matter
      of five minutes it can be ascertained whether or not the preparations are free
      from contaminants which render the purified bacillary suspensions unsuitable for
      studies involving spectrophotometric technics. However, in this procedure,
      certain points are essential in order to obtain large quantities of purified
      bacillary suspensions. It is important to homogenize the lepromata for only a few
      seconds at brief intervals. Excessive homogenization may cause considerable
      damage to the bacilli and it may be difficult to separate the bacilli from the
      host tissues. It is also important to use transparent bottles and tubes during
      centrifugation as the material can be seen and thus each fraction can be
      separated easily. Very few bacilli are lost in the discarded material and we have
      repeatedly obtained 2.5 to 3 gm wet weight of M. lepraemurium from one leproma
      weighing 25 gm to 30 gm.

PMID- 1099019
TI  - A comparative evaluation of bacteriologic and morphologic indices of
      Mycobacterium leprae in skin, lymph node, bone marrow, nerve and muscle.
AB  - This study elicits the comparative evaluation of the Bacteriologic Index (BI) and
      Morphologic Index (MI) of the skin, lymph node, bone marrow, nerve and muscle
      tissues of 15 untreated leprosy patients. The findings of comparable or even
      higher BI's and MI's in lymph nodes than skin are of considerable interest,
      especially the presence of a significant percentage of viable bacilli during
      reaction states when MI of skin and nerve tissue was found to be negative.
      Evaluation of the BI's and MI's of lymph nodes has been suggested to be of utmost
      importance for follow-up studies of patients being treated with antileprosy
      drugs.

PMID- 1099020
TI  - The chemotherapy of infections due to nocardia.
AB  - Recent studies in vitro have revealed marked susceptibility of Nocardia
      asteroides to minocycline and to the synergistic combination of ampicillin plus
      erythromycin. Sulfonamides remain as the proven and well-used agents for this
      potentially fatal infection seen commonly in the compriomised host.

PMID- 1099021
TI  - Clomacran in the treatment of schizophrenic patients: a comparison of two
      assessment methods.
AB  - In an uncontrolled clinical trial clomacran, the chlorpromazine analogue of the
      acridane series, was found to be therapeutically effective in the treatment of
      newly admitted schizophrenic patients. There was essentially no difference in the
      sensitivity of the two assessment instruments, i.e. BPRS and PAF, in the
      detection of therapeutic changes. On the other hand, the PAF, a 123-item scale,
      was found to be more sensitive for the description of a schizophrenic patient
      population than the BPRS, an 18-item scale.

PMID- 1099022
TI  - The effect of methylphenidate on cardiovascular sensory differentiation on the
      hyperkinetic syndrome.
AB  - In the present study, the action of methylphenidate on mean heart rate was
      studied while hyperkinetic children were attending to monosensory, bisensory and
      trisensory stimuli presentations. Neither children receiving methylphenidate nor
      those receiving placebo exhibited a significant shift in tonic heart rate during
      relaxation periods. While attending to sensory stimuli, heart rates were higher
      for children receiving placebo than for those receiving methylphenidate in all
      experimental conditions for the high and moderate degrees of hyperkinetic
      behavior. A drug reversal effect was demonstrated in mildly hyperkinetic
      children.

PMID- 1099023
TI  - Chlorpromazine-induced electrocardiogram abnormalities.
AB  - The aim of our clinical investigation was to evaluate the electrocardiographic
      abnormalities in patients receiving only chlorpromazine, and to assess the role
      of sex, age and length of illness in these abnormalities. 96 schizophrenic
      patients (48 male and 48 female patients) satisfying study criteria were selected
      for inclusion and changed from their old medication to a fixed dose of 125 mg
      chlorpromazine daily. This uniformization period lasted two weeks, during which
      the electrocardiograms were taken after an overnight fast. Five patients were
      excluded because their electrocardiographic changes revealed the possibility of
      an organic heart disease. The electrocardiograms were found to be normal for
      65.9% of the patients and abnormal for 34.1%. 11% of patients were classified as
      demonstrating Grade I repolarization abnormalities, 14.3% of patients as Grade
      II, and 8.8% as Grade III. Chi square (X2) tests revealed no significant
      differences between sexes, age groups or lenghts of illness as regards ECG
      normality and grade of abnormality.

PMID- 1099024
TI  - Thiosemicarbazones and hydrazones of alpha-methylchalkone as potential
      chemotherapeutic agents.
AB  - The effectiveness of chalkones and derivatives as antibacterial and antifungal
      agents stimulated our interest in the possibility of coupling this type of
      compound with certain hydrazines and thiosemicarbazides to determine the
      potential chemotherapeutic activity of these combinations as anticancer and
      antimalarial agents. Accordingly, 18 hydrazine and thiosemicarbazide derivatives
      of alpha-methylchalkone (dypnone) have been synthesized for study as potential
      antitumor agents in animal tumor systems against Walker 256 carcinosarcoma
      (intramuscular) and leukemia L-1210 and for antimalarial activity against
      Plasmodium berghei in experimentally infected mice. Of the series of chalkone
      derivatives, significant inhibition in preliminary tests against the Walker 256
      carcinosarcoma (intramuscular) rat tumor system was exhibited by alpha
      methylchalkone-1,4-phthalazinediyldihydrazone and showed activity in the leukemia
      1210 mouse tumor system. The guanylhydrazone of alpha-methylchalkone showed good
      inhibition with confirmed activity against Plasmodium berghei in experimentally
      infected mice.

PMID- 1099025
TI  - Statistical problems in interpreting comparative bioavailability trials.
AB  - The basic purpose of a comparative bioavailability is to determine whether or not
      a new formulation of a drug is equivalent in its in vivo behavior to some
      standard formulation. Statistical analysis of the blood or urine concentrations
      of the drug plays a critical role in this determination, and two major problems
      are in deciding what to analyse and what statistical methods to use. It is
      proposed that the analysis usually employed, namely, hypothesis-testing, is
      largely irrelevant to the problem and should be replaced by an approach based on
      confidence intervals. Secondly, it is suggested that only those characteristics
      of the bood or urine-level sequence that have a meaningful relationship to the
      therapeutic use of the drug, should be analysed.

PMID- 1099026
TI  - Bioavailability studies and the clinical pharmacologist: correlation of drug
      distribution with clinical effects.
AB  - Bioavailability studies can be interpreted only when clinical information is
      available which correlates drug distribution with both efficacious and toxic
      clinical effects. The clinical pharmacologist should be instrumental in the
      development of safe and effective drug therapy by the systematic application of
      well designed clinical trials, the clear definition of therapeutically desirable
      clinical responses, and the development and application of improved techniques of
      measuring these effects.

PMID- 1099027
TI  - Toxoplasmosis and the compromised host.
AB  - A high percentage of population shows antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii yet
      clinical manifestations of primary infestations are rare. Congenital and
      secondary forms (chorioretinitis) are serious medical conditions. An outburst in
      a compromised host is always serious and may be fatal. Therefore, patients
      subjected to immunosuppressive therapy or with pathologic immune suppression
      should be clinically and serologically screened and, when toxoplasmosis is
      diagnosed, treated for the entire period of immunosuppression.

PMID- 1099028
TI  - Circulating autoantibodies in skin diseases: a survey and comparison of
      immunofluorescence (IF) studies.

PMID- 1099030
TI  - Aural history and dermatology.

PMID- 1099029
TI  - The modern topical steroid.

PMID- 1099031
TI  - Diagnostic significance of the immunofluorescent pattern in dermatitis
      herpetiformis.
AB  - Despite significant clinical, histologic, immunopathologic and other differences
      between typical cases of dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and bullous pemphigoid
      (BP), the differential diagnosis may be difficult. Our direct immunofluorescent
      studies in 59 cases of DH and 134 cases of BP indicate the diagnostic value of
      immunopathologic studies.

PMID- 1099032
TI  - Urea creams in the treatment of dry skin and hand dermatitis.
AB  - Two randomized, double-blind comparison studies were conducted to evaluate the
      efforts of 2 emollient dry skin creams containing urea in the management of dry
      skin in atopic patients. Cream with 10% urea was shown to be effective in the
      management of dry skin and hand dermatitis. The cream with a pH of 6 caused less
      burning.

PMID- 1099033
TI  - Philately south of the border.

PMID- 1099034
TI  - Itching: the pathophysiology of pruritus.

PMID- 1099036
TI  - Tinea versicolor hypopigmentation: histochemical and therapeutic studies.
AB  - One hundred and thirty-four patients with tinea versicolor were divided into 3
      treatment groups: (1) 30% sodium thiosulfate application, (2) 30% sodium
      thiosulfate application plus ultraviolet light, and (3) 30% sodium thiosulfate
      application, ultraviolet light, and meladinine tablets (amoidin 0.01 g and amidin
      0.005 g). Analysis of the 79 patients who completed the 6-week study showed no
      statistical difference. Therefore, topical treatment should be instituted as
      quickly as possible to prevent pigmentary changes. Ultraviolet light should be
      used only after the fungus has cleared in order not to darken the skin further.

PMID- 1099035
TI  - Adverse effects of dapsone.

PMID- 1099037
TI  - A brief historical survey of the Dermatologic Society of Greater New York, 1924
      1974.

PMID- 1099038
TI  - Alterations in the permeability of mouse erythrocytes infected with the malaria
      parasite, Plasmodium berghei.

PMID- 1099039
TI  - Lois Munro 1907-1973.

PMID- 1099040
TI  - The intuitive psychoanalytic perspective of Galdos in Fortunata and Jacinta: a
      reply to the discussion by Jose Rallo.

PMID- 1099041
TI  - Psychoanalysis as a theory of therapy.
AB  - The development of psychoanalytic theory is traced from its origins in Freud's
      early thinking in terms of his advancing clinical experience. While the influence
      of clinical experience on the modifications of theory has long been accepted,
      little attention has been paid to the broad spectrum effects of changing
      theoretical perspectives on the technique of clinical psychoanalysis. This
      development is traced through the emergence of ego psychology and the dominance
      of the structural theory to more current developments having to do with object
      relations and the theory narcissism. The residual theoretical ambiguities and
      clinical perplexities are illustrated in two clinical cases. The development of
      psychoanalytic theory and the correlative aspects of technique are seen as
      manifesting an organic developmental process which has led to an increasing
      sophistication of analytic intervention and a broadening capacity for dealing
      with increasingly difficult and less classical types of cases. The conclusion is
      drawn that therapeutic lestening is equivalently an informed listening, and it is
      theory that lends understanding and sensitivity to the hearing process. It is
      theory that is to be put in the service of listening, rather than listening to be
      put in the service of theory.

PMID- 1099042
TI  - The man who was to be. Introductory note to "Black patient white therapist: a
      case report.".

PMID- 1099043
TI  - Reticulum cell sarcoma in the course of Sjogren's syndrome.

PMID- 1099044
TI  - Eulogy to William J. Blackwell, M.D.

PMID- 1099045
TI  - Side effects of tricyclic antidepressand drugs with particular reference fo
      dothiepin.
AB  - Fifteen patients on dothiepin and 20 on other tricyclic compounds were compared
      for side effects by self-rating. The high incidence of complaints beforehand and
      overall reduction during 2 weeks treatment, correlating with clinical
      improvement, shows that comparison of side effects is unreliable unless
      pretreatment incidence is recorded.

PMID- 1099046
TI  - The Hamilton rating scale. An assessment bases on a dothiepin ("prothiaden")
      versus imipramine ("Tofranil") clinical trial.
AB  - The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression is in common use, particularly in durg
      trials. The authors compared this scale with a system of psychiatric assessment
      and recording designed by M. Sim. They found that there was closer agreement with
      the full assessment of the Sim method than with the single diagnostic area for
      depression. This suggests that the Hamilton Scale for depression is more general
      than specific in its application.

PMID- 1099047
TI  - Contingent naloxone (N-allylnoroxymorphone) treatment of the paroled narcotic
      addict.
AB  - This is a presentation of the results of pilot and controlled research on the
      effectiveness of the contingent (upon narcotic drug use) administration of 500
      2,000 mg daily, of the narcotic antagonist, naloxone (N-allylnoroxymorphone), to
      paroled narcotic addicts enrolled in a urine monitoring program conducted in a
      metropolitan-based outpatient clinic. Criteria of effectiveness, which include
      clinic attendance, the extent of narcotic drug usage, and final disposition at
      the end of a 6-month treatment period, are viewed in relation to already
      established baseline results with  a sample of patients processed through the
      same clinic over a 5-year period prior to the introduction of naloxone treatment.
      Although results of the pilot study are encouraging, indicating longer patient
      involvement and less reinstitutionalization than baseline values, the results of
      the controlled evaluation reveal no benefit from contingently administered
      naloxone beyond placebo reactivity, which appears to be substantial in the
      contingent approach. The results are discussed in terms of given sample
      characteristics, and suggestions are offered regarding the development of new
      narcotic antagonist treatment approaches.

PMID- 1099048
TI  - Effects of control techniques on therapeutic outcome in a controlled clinical
      trial.
AB  - Undertaken in the context of a controlled drug trial involving newly admitted
      psychiatric hospital patients, this study compared the effectiveness of a
      "Doctor's Choice" (DC) method of administering psychotropic drugs versus an
      experimentally determined treatment regimen employing random assignment and
      double-bline procedures. The 32-day drug trial sought to determine the
      comparative effectiveness of thioridazine-placebo, thioridazine-chlordiazepoxide,
      and thioridazine-imipramine, with the daily dosage of openly administered
      thioridazine ranging from 100 to 900 mg and dosages for chlordiazepoxide and
      imipramine, administered in a double-blind fashion, fixed at daily dosages of 30
      and 75 mg, respectively. DC medication, consisting of a choice (by a research
      physician) of any of the three experimental medications determined on the basis
      of judged clinical need, was added as a fourth treatment category for present
      purposes. Criteria of effectiveness included standarized psychiatric rating
      scales and global measures of imporvement completed by research team members and
      ward physicians. Outcome results for the DC group compared to those for a single
      control group made up of individuals matched with DC patients on the basis of
      drug assignment indicated an essentially similar clinical effectiveness under
      both DC and control treatment conditions. Generalization of the finding was
      limited by the fact that the main treatment effect, attributable to thioridazine,
      overshadowed the more subtle action of the ancillary drugs.

PMID- 1099049
TI  - [Recent conceptions on the mechanism of action of analgesics].

PMID- 1099050
TI  - In memoriam.

PMID- 1099051
TI  - Symposium I: hormone-fuel interactions in normal and diabetic man. The liver as
      site of insulin and glucagon action in normal, diabetic and obese humans.

PMID- 1099052
TI  - Glucose and free fatty acid utilization in exercise. Studies in normal and
      diabetic man.

PMID- 1099053
TI  - Symposium II: Fetomaternal unit in diabetes. Clinical and experimental aspects.
      Function of the fetal endocrine pancreas.

PMID- 1099054
TI  - Symposium IV: Diabetic syndrome in animals. Influence of genetic background on
      the expression of mutations at the diabetes locus in the mouse. II. Studies on
      background modifiers.

PMID- 1099055
TI  - Ecological considerations of the behavior of plutonium in the environment.

PMID- 1099056
TI  - [Severe light dermatosis following photo therapy in a newborn infant with
      congenital erythropoietic urophyria].
AB  - A newborn infant with hemolytic anemia and hepatosplenomegaly was treated by
      phototherapy for early jaundice. After 18 h, a dark brown pigmentation of the
      skin was noticed, leading to the assumption of a bronze baby syndrome. Indeed,
      the child was suffering from a severe disturbance of liver function. 4 days
      later, a severe bullous dermatosis with blody imbibition developed, covering all
      exposed parts of the body surface and reoccurring in many bursts over several
      weeks despite protection against light. A severe hemolytic anemia was constantly
      present. The baby died on the 50th day. The diagnosis of erythropoietic porphyria
      was suggested immediately after the onset of the bullous exanthema and proved by
      laboratory data as follows: uro- and coproporphyrin in the urine were extremely
      high, uroporphyrin being mainly of type-I isomer. In red cells, increased amounts
      of uro-, copro- and protoporphyrins were detected. Massive red fluorescence of
      erythroblasts (so-called porphyroblasts) in the bone marrow and in the blood
      could be observed. At autopsy, the liver showed multiple blood-forming areas and
      severe diffuse hemosiderosis, which is to be explained by a long existing, i.e.
      fetal hemolysis. Erythropoietic porphyria is such a rare disease that there is no
      reason to consider it as a general contraindication for phototherapy.

PMID- 1099058
TI  - An historical vignette: from house of infection to hospital for control of
      venereal disease.

PMID- 1099057
TI  - Catalytically inactive sucrase antigen of rabbit small intestine: the enzyme
      precursor.
AB  - By immunofluorescence microscopy using a specific antibody to the active rabbit
      sucrase-isomaltase complex, a catalytically inactive sucrase antigen was
      discovered on the small intestinal mucosa of young rabbits still lacking sucrase
      activity. In adult rabbits, the same antigen was demonstrated on enterocytes of
      mucosal crypts devoid of sucrase. Catalytically inactive antigen was isolated by
      means of immobilized antibody to active sucrase, and it was compared with the
      active sucrase-isomaltase complex. From structural similarities between the 2
      proteins and from the fact that active sucrase succeeds the inactive antigen in
      both the maturing and the mature rabbit, it is concluded that the inactive
      antigen is the enzyme precursor. In some patients with hereditary sucrase
      isomaltase deficiency, abnormal persistence of sucrase precurosr due to a faulty
      activation mechanism may be the underlying defect.

PMID- 1099059
TI  - Hydronephrosis and pyelonephritis in a dog.

PMID- 1099060
TI  - Streptomycylamines: difference in activity and mode of action between short-chain
      and long-chain derivatives.
AB  - A homologue series of aliphatic streptomycylamines (SM-amines) have been prepared
      and tested in vitro (binding to 70S ribosomes) and in vivo (MIC).  The short
      chain SM-amines act as streptomycin (SM) but are less active than SM.  They are
      inactive towards a SM-resistant Escherichia coli, our strain 042.  The long-chain
      SM-amines are active both towards our sensitive and resistant E. coli, our
      strains 079 and 042.  Their activities are not pH-dependent in contrast to that
      of SM.  However, the higher homologues of the aliphatic amines (C10 Congruent TO
      C10) are considerably active per se although two to four times less than the
      corresponding SM-amines.  Further, the amines do not compete with the SM-amine
      for the binding to the ribosomal particles.  The binding affinities of these long
      chain SM-amines to ribosomes are considerably smaller than that of SM.  The
      binding is however specific as a typical isotope dilution curve can be obtained. 
      We conclude that the long-chain SM-amines have a mode of action different from
      that of SM.

PMID- 1099061
TI  - Serum LH and testosterone and sperm numbers in pubertal bulls chronically treated
      with gonadotropin releasing hormone.

PMID- 1099062
TI  - American Registry of certified Animal Scientists (ARCAS). Effective July 1, 1975.

PMID- 1099063
TI  - Rearing piglets artificially in a farm environment: a promise unfulfilled.

PMID- 1099064
TI  - Production practices that alter the composition of foods of animal origin.

PMID- 1099065
TI  - Determination of ammonia inhibition in fabric impregnated with antimicrobials.
AB  - A new method is described for determining the presence or absence of ammonia
      produced by urealytic microorganisms, using fabric which has been treated with an
      antimicrobial. Circular disks of fabric treated with various concentrations of an
      antimicrobial are placed in the bottoms of snap-on lid petri dishes. Nutrient
      medium containing urea, an indicator, and a dilution of an overnight culture of
      Proteus mirabilis is applied to the fabric disks. The lids are snapped on and the
      dishes are incubated at 37 degrees C. By examination of the fabric disks at
      regular intervals of time for a color change from white to red, one may determine
      whether the concentration of antimicrobial in the fabric is sufficient to inhibit
      the production of ammonia by a urealytic microorganism.

PMID- 1099066
TI  - Computerized Electroencephalogram. A model of understanding the brain function in
      childhood psychosis and its treatment.
AB  - Computer analysis of the electroencephalogram (CEEG) in psychotic children before
      and after pharmacotherapy, normal children of schizophrenic mothers, and matched
      normal children of normal parents indicated significant intergroup differences.
      The psychotic children had more slow, as well as very fast, EEG waves. With drug
      therapy the EEG showed a partial "normalization," as fast EEG activity decreased.
      The EEG and auditory evoked potential of children of schizophrenic mothers were
      strikingly similar to those of psychotic children and schizophrenic adults, with
      significant decreases of the average EEG amplitude and the evoked potential
      latencies. Psychotic children were distinctly differentiated from the normal
      children by discriminant function analysis of the EEG and EP. Quantitative
      analysis of brain functions in the mentally ill can help determine the
      neurophysiological correlates of behavior, a more scientific diagnostic
      classification, prognosis, and selection of therapy.

PMID- 1099067
TI  - Methionine-and S-adenosyl methionine-mediated repression in a methionyl-transfer
      ribonucleic-acid synthetase mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strain unable to grow at 38 C and bearing a
      modified methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase has been studied.
      It has been shown that, in this mutant, the percentage of tRNAmet charged in vivo
      paralleled the degree of repressibility of methionine biosynthetic enzymes by
      exogenous methionine. On the contrary, the repression mediated by exogenous S
      adenosylmethionine does not correlate with complete acylation of tRNAmet.
      Althought McLaughlin and Hartwell reported previously that the thermosensitivity
      and the defect in the methionyl-tRNA synthetase were due to the same genetic
      lesion (1969), no diffenence could be found in the methionyl-tRNA synthetase
      activity or in the pattern of repressibility of methionine biosynthetic pathway
      after growth at the premissive and at a semipermissive temperature. It appears
      that the mutant also exhibits some other modified characters that render unlikely
      the existence of only one genetic lesion in this strain. A genetic study of this
      mutant was undertaken which led to the conclusion that the thermosensitivity and
      the other defects are not related to the methionyl-tRNA synthetase modification.
      It was shown that the modified repressibility of methionine biosynthetic enzymes
      by methionine and the lack of acylation of tRNAmet in vivo follow the methionyl
      tRNA synthetase modification. These results are in favor of the idea that
      methionyl-tRNAmet, more likely than methionine, is implicated in the regulation
      of the biosynthesis of methionine.

PMID- 1099069
TI  - Transition of R factor NR1 in Proteus mirabilis: molecular structure and
      replication of NR1 deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - The structure of R factor NR1 DNA in Proteus mirabilis has been studied by using
      the techniques of CsCl density gradient centrifugation, sedimentation in neutral
      and alkaline sucrose gradients, and electron microscopy. It has been shown that
      the nontransitioned form of NR1 DNA isolated from P. mirabilis cultured in drug
      free medium is a37-mum circular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) with a density of
      1.712 g/ml in a neutral CsCl gradient. This circular molecule is a composite
      structure consisting of a 29-mum resistance transfer factor containing the
      tetracycline-resistance genes (RTF-TC) and an 8-mum r-determinants component
      conferring resistance to chloramphenicol (CM), streptomycin/spectinomycin, and
      the sulfonamides. There are one to two copies of NR1 per chromosome equivalent of
      DNA in exponential-phase cells cultured in Penassay broth. After growth of
      PM15/NR1 in medium containing 100 mug of CM per ml, the density of the NR1 DNA
      increased from 1.712 g/ml to approximately 1.718 g/ml and the proportion of NR1
      DNA relative to the chromosome is amplified about 10-fold. The changes in R
      factor DNA structure which accompany this phenomenon (termed the transition) have
      been studied. DNA density profiles of the transitioned NR1 DNA consist of a 1.718
      g/ml band which is skewed toward the less dense side. The transitioned NR1 DNA
      consists of molecules containing the RTF-TC element attached to multiple copies
      of r-determinants DNA (poly-r-determinant R factors) and multimeric and monomeric
      autonomous r-determinants structures. Poly-r-determinant R factors have a density
      intermediate between the basic composite structure (1.712 g/ml) and r
      determinants DNA (1.718 g/ml). These species presumably account for the skewing
      of the 1.718-g/ml DNA band toward the less dense side. When transitioned cells
      are subsequently cultured in drug-free medium, poly-r-determinant R factors and
      autonomous poly-r-determinants undergo dissociation to form smaller structures
      containing fewer copies of r-determinants. This process continues until, after
      prolonged growth in drug-free medium the NR1 DNA returns to the nontransitioned
      state which consists of an RTF-TC and a single copy of r-determinants.

PMID- 1099068
TI  - Derepression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be dissociated from cellular
      proliferation and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.
AB  - A method has been developed that permits precise control of release from
      catabolite repression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It consists of transferring
      cells growing exponentially on 5% glucose to derepression medium at high cell
      density. Derepression then proceeds with reproducible kinetics and is complete
      within 6 to 7.5 h for various intra- and extramitochondrial markers, in the
      absence of any substantial increase in cellular dry weight or protein. Nuclear
      (and mitochondrial) deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis can be interrupted in certain
      thermosensitive (cdc) mutants at the nonpermissive temperature; a shift to this
      temperature before the onset of derepression has no effect on its outcome.

PMID- 1099070
TI  - Denaturation mapping of R factor deoxyribonucleic acid.
AB  - The R factor NR1 consists of two components: a resistance transfer factor which
      harbors the tetracycline resistance genes (RTF-TC) and the r-determinants
      component which harbors the other drug resistance genes. Using partial
      denaturation mapping it is possible to distinguish the RTF-TC region from the r
      determinants region of the composite R factor NR1 DNA which has a contour length
      of 37 mum and a density of 1.712 g/ml. The r-determinants region was a relatively
      undenatured 8.5-mum segment of the molecule when the deoxyribonucleic acid was
      partially denatured at pH 10.7. An RTF-TC genetic segregant of NR1 which had lost
      the r-determinants component had a contour length of 28.7 mum and a density of
      1.710 g/ml. Characterization of an RTF-TC using partial denaturation mapping at
      pH 10.7 confirmed that the relatively undenatured 8.5-mum r-determinants segment
      of the composite R factor had been deleted. Circular, transitioned NR1 DNA
      molecules (1.716 to 1.718 g/ml), whose contour lengths were consistent with an
      RTF-TC plus an integral number of tandem copies of r-determinants, were also
      characterized by denaturation mapping. The relatively undenatured region in these
      molecules had a length equal to an integral number of copies of r-determinants
      and was located at the same site in the partially denatured RTF-TC as the single
      copy of r-determinants in the 37-mum composite NR1. This indicates that there is
      a unique integration site for r-determinants in the RTF-TC component. The R
      factor UCR122, a TC deletion mutant of NR1, was also characterized by
      denaturation mapping. The translocation of the TC resistance gene(s) on the
      denaturation map permitted the alignment of the denaturation map with the
      heteroduplex map of Sharp et al. (u073). Linear and circular monomeric and
      presumed multimeric r-determinants DNA molecules (p = 1.718 g/ml) were partially
      denatured at a higher pH (11.10). The r-determinants multimers showed a repeating
      8.3-mum (monomeric) partial denaturation pattern indicating a head-to-tail
      arrangement of monomers in these poly-r-determinant molecules.

PMID- 1099071
TI  - Isolation of specialized transducing bacteriophage lambda carrying genes of the L
      arabinose operon of Escherichia coli B/r.
AB  - A heat-inducible lysis-defective phage lambda (lambdacI857S7) has been integrated
      at multiple sites within the L-arabinose region (araCOIBAD) of a strain of
      Escherichia coli K-12 deleted for the normal lambda attachment site
      (lambdaattdelta). The lambda phage has become integrated with opposite
      orientations at two different loci within the aratb gene and with the "normal"
      orientation (clockwise N-RA-J) at a single site in the araC gene. The burst size,
      spontaneous-curing frequencies, and number of prophage harbored by each of the
      ara secondary-site lysogens have been determined. From these secondary-site
      lysogens it has been possible to generate plaque-forming ara-transducing phage
      (lambdapara) and defective ara-transducing phage (lambdadara), as well as
      defective leucine-transducing particles (lambdadleu). The construction and
      characterization of these lambdaara-transducing phage and their derivatives which
      carry genetically defined portions of the L-arabinose region are presented.

PMID- 1099072
TI  - Role of pyrimidine dimer excision in loss of potential streptomycin resistance
      mutations of ultraviolet-irradiated Escherichia coli on phosphate-buffered agar.
AB  - The frequency of ultraviolet (UV)-induced mutations to streptomycin resistance
      dropped rapidly when starved Escherichia coli strains WP-2 B/r and B/r T- were
      incubated on phosphate-buffered agar (PBA), but was reduced only slightly in a WP
      2 hcr- mutant. During postirradiation, incubation viability remained
      approximately constant. Cells given an optimal recovery treatment with photo
      reactivating light showed no further recovery if subsequently incubated on PBA.
      At least 70% of the mutations induced to streptomycin resistance by UV could be
      repaired. The loss of potential streptomycin-resistant mutants was markedly
      reduced in strain B/r T- when 5 mug of acriflavin or 700 mug of caffeine per ml
      was added to PBA. The excision of UV-induced thymine-containing dimers from E.
      coli tb/r T- was investigated. Dimer excision progressed more slowly when the
      cells were incubated on PBA containing acriflavin or caffeine. There was no
      congruity between the kinetics of dimer excision and the kinetics of mutant loss.
      Our results indicate that removal of potential streptomycin-resistant mutants is
      considerably faster than the excision of pyrimidine dimers.

PMID- 1099074
TI  - Structural and biochemical alterations of Nocardia asteroides cell walls during
      its growth cycle.
AB  - Analysis of Nocardia asteroides 14759 cell walls were done to determine the
      chemical and structural composition during the growth cycle. It was found that
      the ultrastructural profiles of the cell wall become altered as the cultures
      aged. Chemical analysis revealed corresponding shifts in cell wall components as
      the culture went from lag to logarithmic to stationary phases of growth. The
      peptidoglycan from lag-phase cells (5 h) represented 15% of the total cell wall
      weight, and the percentage of peptidoglycan progressively increased so that, in 1
      week stationary-phase cells, it represented approximately 40% of the total wall
      weight. In lag-phase cells it was found that 36% of the cell wall weight was
      lipid in nature, whereas stationary-phase cells had only 7% lipid in their wall.
      The overall sugar composition of the walls remained relatively constant at about
      28 to 31% however, the arabinose to galactose ratio changed from approximately
      1:1 in lag-phase to 2:1 in stationary-phase cells. Gas-liquid chromatography
      demonstrated that the fatty acids making up the cell wall lipids changed relative
      to one another as the cells aged. Based upon the removal of lipids by ethanol
      ether, chloroform, and alkaline methanol extraction, it was shown that the
      classes of loosely and firmly associated lipids changed as the cells aged.
      Further, it was found that a carotenoid-like pigment associated to a C22 fatty
      acid increased in the cell wall as the culture stopped growing. Peptidolipid or
      lipoprotein was found to make up a significant part of the cell wall. This
      component increased in amount and varied in amino acid content as the culture
      aged. Analysis of the totally extracted basal layer of the cell wall
      (peptidoglycan plus arabinogalactan) showed that it too changed as the cells grew
      and fragmented. The data presented established that the cell wall of N.
      asteroides was structurally and chemically complex and that a progression of
      chemical and physical processes occurred within the wall as the cells developed
      through their growth cycle.

PMID- 1099073
TI  - N-terminal amino acid sequences of D-serine deaminases of wild-type and operator
      constitutive strains of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the D-serine deaminases from strains of
      Escherichia coli K-12 that harbor wild-type and high-level constitutive
      catabolite-insensitive operator-initiator regions are identical: Met-Ser-GluNH2
      Ser-Gly-Arg-His-Cys. This result indicates that the operator-initiator region is
      probably distinct from the D-serine deaminase structural gene.

PMID- 1099075
TI  - Deletions fusing the hisG and hisD genes in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Frameshift mutation hisD497 occurs in the operator-proximal portion of the
      Salmonella typhimurium gene coding for the dimeric protein, L-histidinol
      dehydrogenase (HDH). Rare revertants of hisD497 are deletions fusing the hisD
      gene to the adjacent preceding structural gene, hisG (adenosine 5'-triphosphate
      PR transferase). HDH purified from one revertant, hisGD4908, contains subunits of
      approximately normal molecular weight but with no clearly demonstrable unique
      amino-terminal sequence. We propose that a combined inactive G-D polypeptide is
      synthesized and then cleaved at a number of closely juxtaposed sites by
      endoproteolytic activity. At least some of the resulting fragments then
      participate in formation of active HDH dimers.

PMID- 1099076
TI  - Isolation of a hybrid F' factor-carrying Escherichia coli lactose region and
      Salmonella typhimurium histidine region, F42-400 (F' ts114 lac+, his+): its
      partial characterization and behavior in Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - Episome F' ts114 lac+ (F42-114) was transferred into Salmonella typhimurium
      carrying an F'his+ (FS400) episome, and fused episome F' ts114 lac+, his+ (F42
      400) was obtained. Episome F42-400 could be transferred to S. typhimurium,
      Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Identification of the episome was
      based on: (i) temperature sensitivity of the Lac+ and His+ phenotypes; (ii) the
      fact that F- segregants, obtained after temperature curing or acridine orange
      curing, were simultaneously Lac- and His-; and (iii) linkage of lac+ with his+ in
      episomal transfers to E. coli and S. typhimurium. The frequency of episome
      transfer was influenced by the genotype of the donor. Plasmid LT2, prevalent in
      S. typhimurium LT2 strains, was suggested to be responsible for the low fertility
      of S. typhimurium donors. Episome F42-400 was capable of chromosome mobilization,
      and the extent of chromosome mobilization was not influenced by the presence or
      absence of the histidine region on the donor chromosome. Growth in a defined
      medium with acridine orange was able to cure F42-400. The frequency of curing was
      increased (the frequency of His+ cells was 0.0001%) if the cells were grown at 40
      C in the presence of acridine orange. Selection for temperature-resistant Lac+,
      His+ derivatives in a strain without histidine deletion yielded Hfr strains.
      However, similar and stronger selections in strains without the chromosomal
      histidine region failed to yield Hfr strains. Our inability to obtain Hfr's in
      strains without the chromosomal histidine region was explained by assuming that
      the episome F42-400 has lost the F sites involved in integration into the S.
      typhimurium chromosome.

PMID- 1099077
TI  - Behavior of a hybrid F' ts114 lac+, his+ factor (F42-400) in Klebsiella
      pneumoniae M5a1.
AB  - Episome F' ts114 lac+, his+ (F42-400) was transferred from Salmonella typhimurium
      to Klebsiella pneumoniae. From the progeny, a strain of K. pneumoniae able to
      retransfer the episome was obtained. The His+ phenotype in this strain is
      temperature sensitive. Escherichia coli female-specific phages phiII, W31, and T3
      were shown to plate on K. pneumoniae. From phiII we obtained two derivatives;
      phiIIK, which plates only on K. pneumoniae, and phiIIE, which plates only on E.
      coli. Growth of phages T3 and phiIIK was inhibited by F42-400 in K. pneumoniae.
      Growth in presence of acridine orange in a defined medium at 40 C resulted in a
      high level of curing. The frequency of His+ cells after growth in acridine orange
      at 40 C was 0.001%. An extensive search to detect chromosome mobilization by F42
      400 in K. pneumoniae, under different experimental conditions, was negative. We
      cannot exclude the possibility that the low transfer efficiencies prevented our
      detection of chromosome mobilization. A search among temperature-resistant,
      acridine orange-curing-resistant, or galactose-resistant derivatives of the K.
      pneumoniae donor strain failed to reveal any chromosome transfer. Our failure to
      detect Hfr's may be a result of: (i) the peculiarity of episome F42-400, (ii) the
      peculiarity of K. pneumoniae chromosome, or (iii) low transfer efficiency. K.
      pneumoniae-modified F42-400 and phage 424 were restricted by E. Coli K-12. E.
      coli K-12-modified episome F42-400 and phage 424 were restricted by K.
      pneumoniae. E. coli C failed to restrict F42-400 modified with K. pneumoniae
      specificity. The ability of K. pneumoniae to accept F42-400 is less, by about a
      factor of 50, than that of E. coli C. As an explanation for the differences in
      the behavior of E. coli C and K. pneumoniae in ability to receive F42-400 it was
      suggested that recipient bacteria have specific sites for interaction with the F
      pilus tip; these are present in E. Coli C, leading to high transfer efficiency,
      whereas they may not be present (or if present, are not accessible) in K.
      pneumoniae, leading to low transfer efficiency.

PMID- 1099079
TI  - Kinetic studies on the specificity of chelate-iron uptake in Aspergillus.
AB  - Three strains of the fungus Aspergillus, Aspergillus quadricinctus (E. Yuill), A.
      fumigatus (Fresenius), and A. melleus (Yukawa), each producing different iron
      chelating compounds during iron-deficient cultivation, were used for 55Fe3+
      uptake measurements. Iron from chelates of the ferrichrome-type family was taken
      up by young mycelia of all strains tested, irrespective of the ferrichrome-type
      compound these strains predominantly produce in low-iron cultures. Ferrichrysin
      producing strains, however, seem to favor ferrichrysin iron uptake, whereas
      ferrichrome, ferricrocin, and even ferrirubin showed similar iron transport
      properties in all of these strains. Compared to iron uptake from ferrichrome-type
      compounds (Km approximately 4 uM) iron uptake from fusigen revealed completely
      different kinetic values (Km approximately 50 to 80 muM). Iron from exogenous
      chelates, e.g., from coprogen produced by Neurospora crassa for ferrioxamine B
      produced by Streptomyces pilosus, can obviously not be taken up by Aspergillus,
      confirming the pronounced specificity of chelate-iron transport in fungi.

PMID- 1099078
TI  - Differences in coupling of energy to glycine and phenylalanine transport in
      aerobically grown Escherichia coli.
AB  - Differences exist in the coupling of energy to transport of glycine and
      phenylalanine in aerobically grown cells of Escherichia coli. Energy derived from
      respiration, although involved in both uptake systems, is not employed
      identically as shown by kinetic effects of cyanide and anoxia and by temperature
      dependencies. Additional evidence for aerobic differences was provided by the
      effects of azide which greatly decreased initial rates of uptake of glycine but
      not phenylalanine. The effect on glycine uptake was not due to uncoupling of
      oxidative phosphorylation or to a decrease in respiration rate. Evidence for
      anaerobic differences was provided by the addition of either glucose or
      ferricyanide to cell suspensions containing glycerol, thereby maintaining anoxic
      uptake of phenylalanine, but not glycine, at the aerobic level. Ferricyanide
      stimulation required a functional Ca, Mg-adenosine 5'-triphosphatase and involved
      cell metabolism. Ferricyanide was also found to produce differential stimulation
      of other amino acid transport systems; tyrosine, tryptophan and leucine uptakes
      were stimulated whereas those for alanine, proline, threonine, and glutamine were
      relatively unaffected.

PMID- 1099080
TI  - Inhibition of Escherichia coli isoleucine biosynthesis by isoleucine tetrazole.
AB  - Growth of a derivative of Escherichia coli K-10 was strongly inhibited by 2 times
      10(-4) M L-5(1-amino-2-methylbutyl)-tetrazole (isoleucine tetrazole). Growth
      inhibition was reversed by isoleucine, threonine, glycyl-L-isoleucine, or glycyl
      L-threonine, and, in a valine-resistant mutant, by L-valine. Partial reversal of
      growth inhibiton was effected by L-leucine, L-methionine, or L-homoserine. The
      tetrazole inhibited the activity of the biosynthetic threonine deaminase (EC
      4.2.1.16 L-threonine hydrolyase [deaminating]), the inhibition being relieved by
      L-valine. The tetrazole also inhibited isoleucyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)
      synthetase (EC 6.1.1.5 L-isoleucine: tRNA ligase [adenosine monophosphate]), but
      was without effect on the activities of alpha-isopropylmalate synthetase or
      acetohydroxy acid synthetase. One class of isoleucine tetrazole-resistant mutants
      produced biosynthetic threonine deaminases which were no longer subject to
      feedback inhibition by either isoleucine or the tetrazole.

PMID- 1099081
TI  - Specificity of the Escherichia coli proline transport system.
AB  - The presence of both the carbonyl portion of the carboxyl group at position 2 of
      the pyrrolidine ring and a secondary amine was essential for uptake of a compound
      by the proline permease of Escherichia coli. The permease possessed a high
      affinity for azetidine-2-carboxylic acid and for compounds with ring structures
      smaller than the pyrrolidine ring. Pipecolic acid, the higher homologue of
      proline, and its derivatives were not transported. Cis- and trans-3,4-methano
      prolines, also six-membered ring structures, behaved anomolously in that they
      possessed a high affinity for the permease. The difference between the methano
      prolines and other six-membered ring structures probably resides in the fact that
      the former exist in the "boat" configuration whereas the latter possess the
      "chair" configuration. In general, substituted prolines in the cis configuration
      displayed a higher affinity for the permease than did corresponding trans
      isomers, though the affinity for substituted prolines was influenced by the
      position, size, and polar or nonpolar nature of the substituent group. At O C
      many analogues with affinity for proline permease exchanged with intracellular
      proline, but some analogues, notably trans-3-methyl- and trans-4-methyl-L
      prolines, though possessing high affinity for the permease, showed an almost
      complete inability to exchange with intracellular proline.

PMID- 1099082
TI  - Attachment of lipoprotein to murein (peptidoglycan) of Escherichia coli in the
      presence and absence of penicillin FL 1060.
AB  - In vivo studies on the attachment of lipoprotein to the murein (peptidoglycan) of
      Escherichia coli showed that it takes several generations of growth until the
      amount of lipoprotein on newly made murein is equilibrated. The technique used
      involves degradation of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-insoluble murein-lipoprotein
      complex (sacculus, rigid layer) with lysozyme and separation of the labeled
      products on paper. No lipoprotein was found on murein subunits incorporated
      during a pulse of [3H]diaminopimelate for 1 min in logarithmically growing cells
      at 37 C. Even after one doubling of the cell mass, only 4 to 8% of the labeled
      murein was isolated as bound to lipoprotein. With uniformly labeled murein, 30%
      remains bound to lipoprotein after lysozyme treatment, corresponding to three
      murein subunits. Therefore it can be concluded that during pulse labeling either
      no lipoprotein is incorporated into the newly synthesized murein or no murein
      subunits are inserted into existing murein around lipoprotein attachment sites.
      Longer pulse and pulse-chase experiments argue for the latter interpretation. It
      is therefore concluded that incorporation of murein subunits into the growing
      murein polymer is not at all a random process. Instead, quite large areas of
      murein, on which lipoprotein is situated, seem to be preserved. Under the
      influence of penicillin FL 1060 murein synthesis is 50% inhibited. The rate of
      lipoprotein attachment is less affected so that increasing amounts of lipoprotein
      become attached during spheroplast formation. By the time the stationary growth
      phase has been reached, the lipoprotein content of the murein has doubled.
      Diaminopimelate auxotrophic mutants require, in the presence of penicillin FL
      1060, more diaminopimelate for full growth than in the absence of penicillin FL
      1060. This finding and the fact that murein synthesis is always inhibited by 50%
      over a wide range of penicillin concentration (1 to 1,000 mug/ml) point to the
      inhibition of an enzymatic step of murein synthesis which can be partially
      bypassed by a second enzyme, less efficient but resistant to penicillin FL 1060.

PMID- 1099083
TI  - Accumulation of arginine precursors in Escherichia coli: effects on growth,
      enzyme repression, and application to the forward selection of arginine
      auxotrophs.
AB  - The accumulation or ornithine, citrulline, and possibly acetylornithine by
      Escherichia coli K-12 arginineless mutants provided with acetylarginine as source
      of arginine causes severe growth inhibition. This occurs under conditions where
      comparable derivatives of E. coli W (Bollon and Vogel, 1973) show little or no
      growth inhibition. The same conditions, which have been reported to cause
      noncorrelative synthesis of acetylornithinase and argininosuccinase in E. coli W
      (Bollon and Vogel, 1973), do not alter the correlative pattern of enzyme
      synthesis observed in E. coli K-12. Moreover, previously reported effects of
      ornithine and citrulline on repression of the arginine regulon in E. coli W are
      not observed in the K-12 strains examined. The bearing of these observations on
      possible differences between the mechanism of enzyme repression operating in the
      two types of strains cannot yet be fully evaluated; it is, however, clear that
      considerable care should be exercised before extrapolating the results obtained
      with one type of strain to the other one. The particularly strong inhibition of
      acetylarginine utilization exerted by ornithine in E. coli K-12 allows the
      forward selection of several classes of arginine auxotrophs from strains
      deficient in carbamoylphosphate biosynthesis and thus capable of ornithine
      accumulation. Possible applications of this technique to the genetic analysis of
      the bipolar argECBH operon are discussed.

PMID- 1099084
TI  - Role of the cell surface in bacterial mating: requirement for intact mucopeptide
      in donors for the expression of surface exclusion in R+ strains of Escherichia
      coli.
AB  - Two derivatives of the F-like R factor R1drd19 carrying mutually exclusive
      resistance determinants were used to study the role of the mucopeptide in the
      expression of conjugal functions. The use of metabolically active penicillin
      spheroplasts in R+ times R- matings had no effect on the ability of the cells to
      donate or accept a plasmid. However, in R+ times R+ matings it was found that
      surface exclusion was totally abolished if the donor, but not the recipient, was
      a spheroplast. This result implies that the traS gene, expressed by the excluding
      plasmid, is dependent for its action on an intact mucopeptide layer in the donor
      cell, and that this interaction is independent of the transfer ability of the
      excluding plasmid.

PMID- 1099086
TI  - Effect of temperature on ergosterol biosynthesis in yeast.
AB  - Anaerobically grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae was aerated for 7 hr at 20 degrees,
      30 degrees, or 40 degrees, in a phosphate buffer containing 2% glucose. At
      elevated temperature (40 degrees), de novo synthesis of squalene and sterois in
      the aerated yeast was only 32-35% of that at lower temperature (20 degrees or 30
      degrees), and this decrease was attributed to the repression of the enzymes
      involved in the synthesis of mevalonate from acetyl-COA. In addition, at elevated
      temperature, the metabolic flux from squalene to ergosterol was blocked at
      squalene epoxidation, lanosterol demethylation, and ergosta-5, 7, 22, 24(28)
      tetraene-3beta-ol reduction.

PMID- 1099085
TI  - Membrane-associated nucleotide sugar reactions: influence of mutations affecting
      lipopolysaccharide on the first enzyme of O-antigen synthesis.
AB  - Both the synthesis of lipopolysaccharide O-antigen and the synthesis of
      peptidoglycan in Salmonella typhimurium proceed via membrane-bound glycosylated
      lipid intermediates. The first enzyme of each pathway transfers a sugar phosphate
      from a nucleotide sugar to the glycosyl carrier lipid (P-GCL). Each enzyme
      catalyzes an exchange reaction between the reaction product urine monophosphate,
      and the nucleotide sugar substrate. Several strains of S. typhimurium defective
      in lipopolysaccharide synthesis accumulate glycosylated lipid intermediates under
      appropriate conditions. In addition, strains lysogenic for phage P22 synthesize a
      glucose derivative of the carrier lipid. These strains were used to demonstrate
      the P/GCL requirement of the exchange reaction catalyzed by galactose
      diphosphoglycosyl carrier lipid (GCL-PP-Gal) synthetase, the first enzyme of O
      antigen synthesis. Enzyme activity is greatly reduced when glycosylated P-GCL
      accumulates on the cytoplasmic membrane. The exchange reaction catalyzed by the
      first enzyme of peptidoglycan synthesis is unaffected by the accumulation of O
      antigen fragments on the carrier lipid and may interact with a different pool of
      P-GCL within the membrane. GCL-PP-Gal synthetase activity cannot be detected in
      the membranes of two rfa mutants that synthesize incomplete lipopolysaccharide
      core. Either the synthesis of GCL-PP-Gal synthetase or the stable integration of
      the enzyme into the membrane structure may be disrupted in the rfa mutants.
      Peptidoglycan synthesis is unaffected by the mutations affecting the core
      glycosyltransferases.

PMID- 1099087
TI  - Conformational transitions of polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu. I. Studies
      with hydrophobic probes.
AB  - The conformational difference between polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu (EF
      Tu)-GTP and EF-Tu-GDP has been studied using hydrophobic and fluorescent probes.
      The interaction of EF-Tu-GDP with 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) was
      measured in terms of the enhancement of the fluorescence intensity at the
      emission maximum of 475 nm. When EF-Tu-GDP-ANS complex was converted to EF-Tu-GTP
      ANS complex by incubation with phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate kinase [EC
      2.7.1.40], there was a roughly 2-fold increase in fluorescence intensity and a
      blue shift of the emission maximum from 475 to 467 nm, indicating a
      conformational transition of the protein. The conformational change was found to
      be reversible and the spectrum promptly returned to that of EF-Tu-GDP-ANS complex
      upon addition of excess GDP. A similar change in the spectrum was also observed
      when aminoacyl-tRNA, but not deacylated tRNA, was added to EF-Tu-GDP-ANS complex.
      Measurement of the number of binding sites by gel filtration indicated that EF-Tu
      GTP and EF-Tu-GDP bind 2.9 and 1.7 molecules of ANS, respectively. These results
      suggest that in EF-Tu-GTP the conformation was altered and one additional binding
      site for ANS was created at or near the site interacting with aminoacyl-tRNA.
      Another reagent, N-(1-anilinonaphthyl-4) maleimide (ANM) was covalently bound to
      the sulfhydryl group in EF-Tu-GDP which is essential for interaction with
      aminoacyl-tRNA. The binding could be determined spectrofluorometrically, since
      the reagent, which is nonfluorescent in aqueous solution, emitted a strong
      fluorescence upon binding with the sulfhydryl group, indicating a marked
      hydrophobicity of the local environment. Measurements of the kinetics of the
      binding revealed that ANM reacted rapidly with the sulfhydryl group in EF-Tu-GTP,
      while the reaction with that in EF-Tu-GDP proceeded more sluggishly. The
      difference in the reactivity of the sulfhydryl group essential for aminoacyl-tRNA
      binding between EF-Tu-GTP and EF-Tu-GDP probably reflects a conformational
      transition of the protein near the active site. These results, together with
      those on spin-label studies previously published (Arai, Kawakita, Kaziro, Maeda,
      & Onishi (1974) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 3311), demonstrate that reversible
      conformational transition does occur in EF-Tu on changing the ligand from GDP to
      GTP.

PMID- 1099088
TI  - Crystallographic studies on L-asparaginase from Proteus vulgaris. II. Symmetry
      and location of the tetrameric molecule.
AB  - Analyses of the x-ray diffraction intensity data by the Patterson synthesis and
      rotation function techniques show that the true space group of the monoclinic
      crystals of L-asparaginase (L-asparagine amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.1) from Proteus
      vulgaris is P21, that the molecular centers lie at x = 0.054, y = 0, z = 0.256,
      and its symmetry related positions, and that the tetramer molecules possess three
      approximate, mutually perpendicular 2-fold rotational symmetries, the axes of
      which run along the directions of the crystallographic a*-, b-, and c-axes. In
      addition, an investigation of the molecular packing arrangement in the crystal
      indicates that the tetramer molecules possess an approximately regular
      tetrahedral subunit structure.

PMID- 1099089
TI  - In vitro synthesis of transfer RNA. I. Purification of required components.
AB  - We have described an in vitro system in which active su+III tRNATyr is
      synthesized from a phi80psu++III DNA template. Using this system, we have
      identified four essential components that are required for synthesis of tRNA. The
      first of these is DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. It has been shown that a crude
      preparation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase synthesizes su++III tRNATyr precursor
      similar to that which has been isolated in vivo, and that this preparation is
      capable of supporting high levels of tRNA synthesis. With purified DNA-dependent
      RNA polymerase, the su++III tRNATyr precursor was not observed as a transcription
      product and tRNA synthesis was below detetable levels. On this basis, a second
      essential component for tRNA synthesis was identified. This fraction, designated
      Fraction V, in combination with purified RNA polymerase, catalyzes the synthesis
      of precursor tRNA. The third component is a ribonuclease (RNase P III), which
      specifically catalyzes the removal of the extra nucleotides present at the 3'
      terminus of the tRNA precursor. In the absence of this fraction, the in vitro
      synthesized su++III tRNATyr is slightly larger than 4 S and contains additional
      nucleotides beyond the normal --CCAOH 3 terminus of the mature tRNA. The fourth
      essential component required is a fraction containing RNase P, a previously
      identified endonuclease which specifically catalyzes the removal of the 5' extra
      nucleotides present on tRNA precursors.

PMID- 1099090
TI  - In vitro synthesis of transfer RNA. II. Identification of required enzymatic
      activities.
AB  - We have shown that the synthesis of active su+III tRNATyr from a phi80psu+III DNA
      template requires the action of four distinct enzymatic activities. The first of
      these, DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, catalyzes the formation of a large molecular
      weight transcript, initiating synthesis at a specific site 41 nucleotides
      proximal to the 5' end of the su+III tRNATyr structural gene and continuing at
      least 100 nucleotides beyond the 3' terminus of the su+III tRNATyr sequence. The
      second required component, designated Fraction V, allows purified DNA-DEPENDENT
      RNA polymerase to function in tRNA synthesis. We have shown that this fraction
      contains an endonuclease that together with DNA-dependent RNA polymerase is
      responsible for the synthesis of su+III tRNATyr "precursor". Thus, su+III tRNATyr
      precursor is not itself the primary transcription product of the su+III tRNATyr
      gene, but rather, it arises as a result of post-transcriptional cleavage of a
      much larger transcript by the action of the nuclease present in Fraction V. The
      third enzymatic activity required for synthesis of active su+III tRNATyr is a
      ribonuclease (RNase P III) that specifically catalyzes the removal of the 3'
      extra nucleotides from the su+III tRNATyr precursor. The fourth activity required
      for synthesis of tRNA is a previously identified endonuclease, RNase P, that
      specifically catalyzes the removal of the 5' extra nucleotides from tRNA
      precursors. The properties of RNase P purified according to the procedure
      developed in this laboratory have been compared with those of the enzyme purified
      from ribosomes according to the procedure described by Robertson et al.
      (Robertson, H.D., Altman, S., and Smith, F.D. (1972) J.Biol. Chem. 247, 5243
      5251.).

PMID- 1099091
TI  - Structure of an exophthalmos-producing factor derived from thyrotropin by partial
      pepsin digestion.
AB  - Previously reported experiments (Winand, R.J., and Kohn, L.D. (1970) J. Biol.
      Chem. 245, 967-975; Kohn, L.D., and Winand, R.J. (1971) J. Biol. Chem 246, 6570
      6575) have demonstrated that partial pepsin digestion of bovine thyrotropin
      preparation yields a fragment of the thyrotropin molecule which is
      exophthalmogenic but has negligible or no thyroid-stimulating activity. In the
      present report this exophthalmogenic derivative of the thyrotropin molecule is
      shown to contain two major polypeptide components with approximate molecular
      weights of 14,000 and 6,000. Amino acid analyses, carbohydrate analyses, and
      tryptic digestion experiments indicate that this exophthalmogenic factor is
      composed of an intact or nearly intact beta subunit of thyrotropin and an NH2
      terminal fragment of the alpha subunit of thyrotropin. Neither polypeptide
      component of the exophthalmogenic factor has the in vivo exophthalmogenic
      activity of the intact structure. In vitro the intact exophthalmogenic derivative
      of the thyrotropin molecule can bind to the thyrotropin receptor on thyroid
      membranes less efficiently than thyrotropin but significantly better than either
      its own polypeptide components or the alpha or beta subunits of thyrotropin. The
      exophthalmogenic factor and its parent thyrotropin molecule can stimulate
      adenylate cyclase activity in retro-orbital tissue membranes from guinea pigs, a
      mammalian model of exophthalmos; its polypeptide components have little or no
      such activity.

PMID- 1099092
TI  - Enhancement of migration inhibitory factor activity by plasma esterase
      inhibitors.
AB  - The plasma esterase inhibitors alpha2-macroglobulin, alpha1-antitrypsin, C1
      inhibitor, antithrombin-heparin cofactor, and, as previously described, soybean
      trypsin inhibitor (Kunitz) and diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (9) enhance the
      response of guinea pig macrophages to migration inhibitory factor. To obtain this
      effect, macrophages are incubated with inhibitors prior to assay. The data
      suggest that (a) the enhancement of migration inhibitory factor response is due
      to the inhibition of esterases associated with the macrophage through a distinct
      active site on the inhibitors, and (b) that the active sites of antithrombin
      heparin cofactor and soybean trypsin inhibitor, which interact with the
      macrophage enzymes, are different from the active sites of these inhibitors which
      interact with thrombin and trypsin respectively. Chemical modification of the
      active site of antithrombin-heparin cofactor for thrombin and of soybean trypsin
      inhibitor for trypsin does not affect their capacity to enhance the migration
      inhibitory factor response. From studies with thrombin, it was known that
      antithrombin-heparin cofactor has a heparin binding site. Addition of heparin was
      found to prevent the migration inhibitory factor-enhancing effect of antithrombin
      heparin cofactor. The present results suggest that plasma esterase inhibitors may
      play a regulatory role in the response of macrophages to mediators of cellular
      immunity.

PMID- 1099093
TI  - The purification and properties of formate dehydrogenase and nitrate reductase
      from Escherichia coli.
AB  - The membrane-bound formate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli grown anaerobically
      in the presence of nitrate was solubilized with deoxycholate and purified to near
      homogeneity. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate fractionation
      and chromatography on Bio-Gel A-1.5m and DEAE Bio-Gel A in the presence of the
      nonionic detergent, Triton X-100. This detergent caused a significant decrease in
      the molecular weight of the soluble formate dehydrogenase complex and allowed the
      enzyme then to be resolved from other membrane components. Anaerobic conditions
      were required throughout due to the sensitivity of the enzyme to oxygen
      inactivation. Formate dehydrogenase was judged to be at least 93 to 99% pure by
      the following procedures: polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of
      Triton X-100 and sodium dodecyl sulfate, gel filtration, and sedimentation
      velocity studies. The purified enzyme exists as a detergent-protein complex (0.20
      +/- 0.03 g of Triton X-100/g of protein) which has an S20,w of 18.1 S and a
      Stokes radius of 76 A. This corresponds to a molecular weight of 590,000 +/-
      59,000. The enzyme had an absorbance spectrum of a b-type cytochrome which could
      be completely reduced by formate. The heme content corresponds to an equivalent
      weight of 154,000 which suggests a tetrameric structure for the enzyme. Formate
      dehydrogenase was found to contain (in relative molar amounts): 1.0 heme, 0.95
      molybdenum, 0.96 selenium, 14 non-heme iron, and 13 acid-labile sulfide. Neither
      FAD nor FMN could be detected. The enzyme contains three polypeptides, designated
      alpha, beta, and gamma, whose molecular weights were estimated by gel
      electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate to be 110,000, 32,000,
      and 20,000, respectively. After separation of the polypeptides by gel filtration
      in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate alpha, beta, and gamma were found in
      1:1.2:0.55 molar ratios. A study of the enzyme obtained from cells grown with
      [75Se]selenite showed that only the alpha polypeptide contained significant
      amounts of selenium. The enzyme will catalyze the formate-dependent reduction of
      phenazine methosulfate, dichlorophenolindophenol, methylene blue, nitroblue
      tetrazolium, benzyl viologen, methyl viologen, ferricyanide, and coenzyme Q6.
      Cyanide, azide, p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, iodoacetamide, and oxygen inhibit the
      enzyme. The procedure which was designed for the purification of formate
      dehydrogenase also yields a highly purified preparation of nitrate reductase.
      This nitrate reductase has been shown to contain significant amounts of heme
      (Enoch, H. G., and Lester, R. L. (1974) Biochem. Biophys. Res Commun. 61,1234
      1241). The enzyme contains three polypeptides with molecular weights of 155,000,
      63,000, and 19,000. When measured in the presence of Trition X-100 the Stokes
      radius of nitrate reductase is 75 A and the S20,w is 16 S which corresponds to a
      molecular weight of 498,000.

PMID- 1099094
TI  - Anaerobic transport in Escherichia coli membrane vesicles.
AB  - Anaerobic lactose and/or amino acid transport by membrane vesicles prepared from
      Escherichia coli ML 308-225 can be coupled to at least four electron transfer
      systems: alpha-glycerol-P-dehydrogenase:nitrate reductase, formate
      dehydrogenase:nitrate reductase, alpha-glycerol-P dehydrogenase:fumarate
      reductase, and formate dehydrogenase:fumarate reductase. Vesicles contain one or
      more of these electron transfer systems depending on the growth conditions of the
      parent cells. alpha-Glycerol-P dehydrogenase and fumarate reductase are present
      only in vesicles prepared from cells grown in the presence of glycerol or
      fumarate, respectively. Formate dehydrogenase and nitrate reductase activities,
      on the other hand, are present in vesicles from cells grown on a variety of
      media. alpha-Glycerol-P and formate are able to drive aerobic transport in
      vesicles prepared from anaerobically grown cells, indicating coupling between
      aerobic and anaerobic electron transfer systems.

PMID- 1099095
TI  - Photoinactivation of the beta-galactoside transport system in Escherichia coli
      membrane vesicles with an impermeant azidophenylgalactoside.
AB  - 2'-N-(2-Nitro-4-azidophenyl) aminoethyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactopyranoside (APG2) is
      a competitive inhibitor of lactose transport in membrane vesicles isolated from
      Escherichia coli ML 308-225, exhibiting an apparent Ki of 30 to 40 muM, but is
      not transported. When irradiated with visible light in the presence of D-lactate,
      APG2 irreversibly inactivates the lac transport system. Imposition of a membrane
      potential (positive outside) by valinomycin-induced potassium efflux also causes
      APG2 photoinactivation. Strikingly, photoinactivation is not observed in the
      absence of D-lactate or a potassium diffusion gradient. Kinetic studies of the
      inactivation process yield a KD of 35 muM. Since lactose protects against the
      inactivation, it is apparent that these effects are specific for the lac
      transport system. The results show that APG2 inactivates from the outer surface
      of the vesicle membrane and support the previous hypothesis that the lac carrier
      protein is unable to bind external substrate in the absence of energy coupling.

PMID- 1099096
TI  - Aspartate transcarbamylase of Escherichia coli. Mechanisms of inhibition and
      activation by dicarboxylic acids and other anions.
AB  - The interactions of several dicarboxylic acids and monoanions with Escherichia
      coli aspartate transcarbamylase and with its catalytic subunit have been studied
      by ultraviolet difference spectroscopy and steady state kinetics, with the
      following major findings. 1. A variety of dicarboxylic acids compete with
      carbamyl-P for the active sites of unliganded catalytic subunit, with steric
      requirements very different from those important for competition with L-aspartate
      for the subunit/carbamyl-P complex. Competition with carbamyl-P is much reduced
      if the dicarboxylic acid has a positively charged amino group. Acetate and
      chloride also compete. 2. At pH 7, equal concentrations of lysine acetate and L
      aspartate are equally effective in displacing the transition state analog N
      (phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate (PALA) from the active sites of the concentrations
      of L-aspartate and lysine acetate is constant, increasing the concentration of L
      aspartate does not relieve inhibition of the enzyme by PALA (Collins, K.C., and
      Stark, G. R. (1971) J. Biol. Chem. 246, 6599-6605). Therefore, the L
      aspartate/subunit complex, like the acetate/subunit complex, must be incapable of
      participating in the catalytic reaction. We conclude that the kinetic mechanism
      is ordered, in agreement with the recent findings of Wedler and Gasser (Wedler,
      F.C., and Gasser, F.J. (1974), Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 163, 57-68) and in
      disagreement with the interpretation of Heyde et al. (Heyde, E., Nagabhushanam,
      A., And Morrison, J.F. (1973) Biochemistry 12, 4718-4726)...

PMID- 1099097
TI  - Binding of Met-tRNAf to native 40 S ribosomal subunits in Ehrlich ascites tumor
      cells.
AB  - Two forms of native 40 S ribosomal subunits, distinguishable by their buoyant
      densities, are recovered from Ehrlich ascites cells. In this communication, we
      describe experiments designed to test whether Met-tRNAf is associated with either
      form. Our results indicate that (a) in the cell, Met-tRNAf is bound to the native
      40 S subunit, and in particular, to the subunit of density 1.40 g x cm-3; (b)
      under the growth conditions used, less than 10% of the low density native
      subunits have bound Met-tRNAf; (c) the majority of the Met-tRNAf containing
      native 40 S subunits, isolated from sucrose gradient analyses of cell extracts,
      join with 60 S subunits in vitro to form 80 S monosomes only if additional
      ribosomal wash factors are provided; and (d) the 80 S monosomes so formed are
      completed initiation complexes that can form peptide bonds. These results support
      the hypothesis that various forms of the native 40 S subunit represent different
      stages in the formation of a complete initiation complex.

PMID- 1099098
TI  - Evidence against a covalent intermediate in the adenosine triphosphate
      phosphoribosyltransferase reaction of histidine biosynthesis.
AB  - 14C-Labeled 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose-1-diphosphate (PRibPP) was synthesized and
      its interaction with adenosine triphosphate phosphoribosyltransferase was
      examined by gel filtration in a search for a form of this substrate covalently
      bound to the enzyme. Wide variation in solvent conditions gave little labeling of
      the enzyme. Heavy labeling was found only in the presence of the second
      substrate, ATP, and this was shown to arise from tightly but noncovalently bound
      product. Previous reports of a covalent intermediate in this enzymatic reaction
      probably were due to contaminating ATP in 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose-1-diphosphate.
      Feedback inhibition of the enzyme by histidine was shown to occur at the step
      giving product or at some earlier step in the mechanism.

PMID- 1099099
TI  - Relation of growth and protein synthesis to the adenylate energy charge in an
      adenine-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli.
AB  - When Escherichia coli K-12 strain PC 0294, which is unable to synthesize adenine
      nucleotides, thereonine, proline, and leucine, was starved for adenine, the
      concentrations of ATP, ADP, and AMP fell rapidly. The adenylate energy charge was
      not affected until the adenine nucleotide pool fell to about 30% of its normal
      value. Similarly, cells in an adenine-limited chemostat grew at intracellular
      adenine nucleotide pool values as low as 30% of normal, but the energy charge in
      all cases was approximately 0.90. Incorporation of [14C]leucine into protein in
      adenine-starved cells continued rapidly as long as the energy charge was in or
      near its normal range, even when the concentration of ATP was 30% to 10% of its
      normal value. When glucose was added to cells that had been resuspended in medium
      lacking both glucose and adenine, the energy charge rose rapidly but the
      concentration of ATP fell, presumably because of nucleic acid synthesis. The rate
      of [14C]leucine incorporation into protein rose rapidly while adenine nucleotide
      concentrations fell, and then declined roughly in parallel with the energy
      charge. At a given value of energy and of total concentration of adenine
      nucleotides, the rate of protein synthesis may, of course, vary with the
      concentrations of precursors and modifiers; thus, the rate cannot be predicted
      from knowledge only of the energy charge. Our results suggest, however, that the
      rate of protein synthesis and the capacity for growth are much more sensitive to
      changes in the value of the energy charge than to changes in the concentration of
      ATP. Growth occurs when the ATP concentration is reduced to one-third of its
      normal value, but has not been observed when the energy charge has fallen by as
      much as 10%.

PMID- 1099100
TI  - "Cytoplasmic" deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. Structure and properties of the
      highly purified enzyme from human KB cells.
AB  - The freshly prepared crude cytoplasmic fraction of aqueously extracted KB cells
      contains a single major species of DNA polymerase activity (DNA polymerase C)
      that sediments homogeneously in low ionic strength sucrose gradients with a peak
      at 10.8 S. The enzyme activity from frozen crude extracts sediments
      heterogeneously under these conditions with peaks at 8.4 and 10 S. In 0.45 M salt
      containing gradients all of the polymerase activity is recovered as a single 6.4
      S species. When purified to a specific activity of 7,300, DNA polymerase C
      sediments in low ionic strength gradients as a single species of 6.5 S. From
      combined sedimentation and gel filtration analysis, we estimate the molecular
      weight of the active protomeric species of the polymerase to be about 170,000.
      Under no conditions of ionic strength does the enzyme disaggregate to active
      species smaller than 6.4 to 6.5 S. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel
      analysis of the most highly purified enzyme fractions reveals two major protein
      bands of 87,000 and 175,000 daltons, respectively. These data suggest that DNA
      polymerase C contains an 87,000-dalton component and permit the interpretation
      that the active protomer of Mr equal 170,000 may be a dimer. The purified enzyme
      shows maximal activity with gapped duplex DNA and has an absolute requirement for
      3'-hydroxyl termini. It utilizes initiated polydeoxynucleotide templates poorly
      and initiated polyribonucleotide templates not at all. Although the polymerase is
      inhibited by PPi it has only minimal ability to promote PPi exchange (0.8% of the
      polymerase activity). The purified enzyme is free of endonuclease and exonuclease
      activities (less than or equal to 0.003% of the polymerase activity) and
      demonstrates no primer-template-dependent conversion of substrate dNTP to free
      dNMP during the polymerization reaction. Finally, DNA polymerase C does not
      excise misparied primer termini from a synthetic homopolymer primer-template but
      can utilize such termini as initiation sites, although at a very slow rate.

PMID- 1099101
TI  - Thermal regulation of the membrane lipid composition of Escherichia coli.
      Evidence for the direct control of fatty acid synthesis.
AB  - Starvation of strains of Escherichia coli which are glycerol auxotrophs and are
      also defective in beta oxidation results in the accumulation of large amounts of
      free fatty acid (Cronan, J. E., Jr., Weisberg, L. W., and Allen, R. G. (1975) J.
      Biol. Chem. 250, 5835-5840). We now report that the ratio of saturated to
      unsaturated species appearing in the free fatty acid fraction depends on the
      incubation temperature at the time of synthesis of these acids. This result
      indicates that fatty acid synthesis is one site of the thermal control of
      phospholipid fatty acid composition. We also report experiments on the
      incorporation of exogenously supplied fatty acids into membrane phospholipids.
      The effect of temperature on this incorporation supports the hypothesis that a
      second site of thermal regulation acts at the level of phosphatidic acid
      synthesis.

PMID- 1099102
TI  - A collaborative study on the potency testing of antirabies globulin.

PMID- 1099103
TI  - Fractures and anatomical variations of the proximal portion of the fifth
      metatarsal.
AB  - Fractures of the tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal are frequent and with
      conservative treatment uniformly heal well. In contrast, fractures of the
      metatarsal shaft distal to the tuberosity heal slowly. Of 100 fractures of the
      tuberosity, almost all were clinically united within three weeks and
      roentgenographically united within two months. Of twenty fractures in the
      proximal part of the shaft, five required bone grafts and the time elapsed before
      roentgenographic and clinical evidence of union was variable and often prolonged.

PMID- 1099104
TI  - Repair of experimental autologous grafts of cortical bone.
AB  - Fresh autologous segmental grafts of fibula, four centimeters long, were obtained
      from thirteen adult dogs. Holes were drilled in each before replantation. The
      amount of repair was determined after intervals of from four to twenty-four
      weeks. Torsional stress testing showed that the six drill holes 500 micrometers
      in diameter confined within an expanse of two centimeters did not mechanically
      weaken the transplants at the time of surgery. The drill holes were rapidly
      filled with cancellous bone which matured to cortical bone within twelve weeks.
      Microradiography and tetracycline labeling of drilled and non-drilled grafts
      demonstrated similar biological reparative patterns.

PMID- 1099105
TI  - Actin in erythrocyte ghosts and its association with spectrin.  Evidence for a
      nonfilamentous form of these two molecules in situ.
AB  - Actin was isolated from erythrocyte ghosts.  It is identical to muscle actin in
      its molecular weight, net charge, ability to polymerize into filaments with the
      double helical morphology, and its decoration with heavy meromyosin (HMM).  when
      erythrocyte ghosts are incubated in 0.1 mM EDTA, actin and spectrin are
      solubilized.  Spectrin has a larger molecular weight than muscle myosin.  When
      salt is added to the EDTA extract, a branching filamentous polymer is formed. 
      However, when muscle actin and the EDTA extract are mixed together in the
      presence of salt, the viscosity achieved is less than the viscosity of the
      solution if spectrin is omitted.  Thus, spectrin seems to inhibit the
      polymerization of actin.  If the actin is already polymerized, the addition of
      spectrin increases the viscosity of the solution, presumably by cross-linking the
      actin filaments.  The addition of HMM of trypsin to erythrocyte ghosts results in
      filament formation in situ.  These agents apparently act by detaching erythrocyte
      actin from spectrin, thereby allowing the polmerization of one or both proteins
      to occur.  Since filaments are not present in untreated erythrocyte ghosts, we
      conclude that erythrocyte actin and spectrin associate to form an anastomosing
      network beneath the erythrocyte membrane.  This network presumably functions in
      restricting the lateral movement of membrane-penetrating particles.

PMID- 1099106
TI  - Observations on the sorting-out of embryonic cells in monolayer culture.
AB  - Two problems are raised concerning the movement of cells during tissue-specific
      sorting-out of chick embryo cells in mixed aggregates. (i) A possible expectation
      from the hypothesis of 'contact inhibition' is that cells which are entirely
      surrounded by other cells in monolayer should be held stationary. Cells within
      solid aggregates, being totally surrounded by others, might also not be expected
      to move. How is it then that cell movement takes place within solid aggregates
      during sorting-out? (ii) Are the movements of cells within sorting aggregates
      'passive', being driven by adhesive differentials or 'active', being merely
      guided by such differentials? In order to study these questions, sorting out
      experiments with chick embryonic limb bud mesenchyme and liver cells were carried
      out in monolayer culture, permitting direct observation of cell movements. Cell
      behavior was observed by time-lapse cinematography. Sorting-out of these cells in
      monolayer began before and continued after the cells had spread to confluency.
      During sorting, liver cells showed ruffing activity even when they appeared to be
      totally surrounded by other cells. Both cell types showed contact inhibition as
      judged by the criterion of monolayering, for they did not move over each other
      but remained attached to the substratum. Yet the cells in the confluent monolayer
      were not immobilized. Because of this, we suggest that the observed restraint
      against overlapping did not result from an inhibition of movement. Several
      considerations, detailed in the text, suggest that cell movement during sorting
      out involve active locomotion. Previous work suggest that sorting-out
      configurations are determined by the relative intensities of intercellular
      adhesive strengths, the more cohesive of 2 cell populations tending to adopt the
      internal position. While limb bud cells form internal islands surrounded by liver
      cells in solid aggregates, the reverse was found to be the case in these
      monolayers. This suggests that, in the monolayer, limb bud cohesiveness is
      depressed relative to liver cell cohesiveness. This is consistent with the
      observation that the limb bud cells flattened themselves markedly against the
      substratum, significantly decreasing their area of mutual apposition.

PMID- 1099107
TI  - Cell locomotion within a contact-inhibited monolayer of chick embryonic liver
      parenchyma cells.
AB  - Using time-lapse filming, the relative movement of cells (nuclei) within a
      contact-inhibited monolayer of chick embryonic liver parenchyma cells has been
      studied. Two techniques were employed to determine the amount of relative cell
      movement during a culture period of 6 h. Firstly, the number of neighbours lost
      or gained by each nucleus was counted. Secondly, the relative distance moved by
      each nucleus in relation to other nucleus in the monolayer was measured. (The
      numerical results obtained from these analyses and details of the methods used
      are given in the text). A considerable amount of relative movement of nuclei
      within the monolayer was found during this period of culture. Although some gaps
      were occasionally seen between the cells in the monolayer, it was observed that
      cells able both to "ruffle" and to translocate when no gap was detectable; i.e.
      the cells appeared able to move while entirely surrounded by other cells. Because
      of this, we suggest that the monolayering of these epitheloid cells on a surface
      may be due to restriction of overlapping between them rather than to inhibition
      of movement by mutual contact. We argue that the term "contact inhibition of
      overlapping" relates to this behaviour better than the term "contact inhibition
      of movement".

PMID- 1099108
TI  - Investigations on the biosynthesis of steroids and terpenoids. Part XII.
      Biosynthesis of 3beta-hydroxy-triterpenoids and -steroids from (3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3
      dihydrosqualene.

PMID- 1099109
TI  - New methods of quantitation in thin-layer chromatography: tubular thin-layer
      chromatography [TTLC].
AB  - Techniques used in the quantitative evaluation of thin-layer chromatograms are
      compared. The quantitation of tubular thin-layer chromatograms by means of vapor
      phase detectors is emphasized, and typical examples of the use of this method are
      outlined. Applications of tubular thin-layer chromatography (TTLC) in the
      quantitative analysis of fish liver oils are described.

PMID- 1099110
TI  - High pressure liquid chromatography of fatty acids and lipids.

PMID- 1099111
TI  - A review of the analysis of free fatty acids [C2-C6].
AB  - A large number of the techniques and methods used to analyze FFA[C2-C6] from the
      advent of GLC to the present are reviewed. Possible reasons as to why it has
      taken such a long time to establish an unequivocal quantitative method are
      suggested. The results of analyzing standard solutions of FFA by three different
      methods are compared, and that based on the addition of formic acid to the
      carrier gas is recommended.

PMID- 1099112
TI  - Drug treatment in a rehabilitation center for chronic alcoholics.

PMID- 1099113
TI  - Response to LH-RH and clomiphene citrate in two women with the Prader-Labhart
      Willi syndrome.
AB  - Two women with the Prader-Labhart-Willi syndrome are presented. The gonadotropin
      response to LH-RH administration was studied prior to, immediately following, and
      6 months after a 6-week trial of clomiphene citrate, 200 mg per day for 21 days
      in divided doses, followed by 100 mg for  21 days in divided doses, followed by
      100 mg per day for 14 days in divided doses, and followed by 50 mg per day in a
      single dose for an additional 14 days. During therapy, the basal gonadotropin and
      estradiol concentrations rose from prepubertal levels to those of mature women in
      midmenstrual cycle. However, 6 months after cessation of treatment, the basal
      gondadotropin and estradiol levels had returned to the prepubertal range. The
      initial response to LH-RH in the 2 patients differed in that one was clearly
      prepubertal and the other indistinguishable from the broad range of the adult
      normal response. The LY and FSH responses to LH-RH administration was greater
      after 6 weeks of clomiphene citrate therapy than they were either before (both
      patients) or 6 months after treatment (1 patient). We conclude that there is
      heterogeneity in the response to LH-RH administration in the Prader-Labhart-Willi
      Syndrome, just as there is in other syndromes of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. A
      normal adult response of gonadotropins to the administration of LH-RH was
      acheived during clomiphene citrate therapy.

PMID- 1099114
TI  - A computer program that evaluates patients with hypercalcemia.
AB  - A computer program has been developed to assist the physician in managing
      patients with hypercalcemia. The program requests appropriate information, such
      as the patient's serum calcium concentration, age and x-ray results. Based on the
      abnormalities detected, the program asks additional questions needed to suggest
      the most helpful course of action for evaluating or treating the patient's
      hypercalcemia. As soon as the data have been entered, the program generates an
      evaluation note that includes diagnostic possibilities, suggestions for
      additional laboratory studies, therapeutic recommendations and references to the
      medical literature. The program can be used from any general purpose teletype
      compatible terminal (including cathode ray tube displays) connected to the Bell
      Telephone System. The time required to enter the data and obtain the evaluation
      note is approximately 4 minutes with a teletypewriter, and less if a faster
      terminal is used. The cost for computer time is comparable to that of a
      laboratory test. Comparison of diagnoses produced by the program with those
      obtained from pathologic examination of from consulting endocrinolgists shows
      that the program is sufficiently accurate for clinical use. Finnally, the
      explanation of the pathophysiology contained in the evaluation note may be useful
      to the student.

PMID- 1099115
TI  - Secretion of alpha subunits of luteinizing hormone (LH) by the anterior
      pituitary.
AB  - Free alpha subunit chains of the glycopeptide pituitary hormones have been found
      in the sera of normal subjects and postmenopausal women. To ascertain whether the
      alpha subunit of LH is directly secreted by the pituitary or formed as a result
      of degradation of intact LY in the periphery, alpha subunits and intact LH were
      measured by radioimmunoassay in human volunteers after LRF stimulation and
      purified LH infusion. In 4 subjects a loading dose of 90 IU, followed by the
      infusion of 22.5 IJ of purified human LH over 30 min, produced peak serum LH
      levels of 41 mIU/ml but no change in alpha subunit levels of 35 IU of purified
      human LH to an additional 4 subjects, produced peak LH levels of 8* mIU/ml, but
      again, no change in alpha subunits. In the same two groups of subjects 100 mug of
      LRF produced peak LH levels of 25 mIU/ml and 75 mIU/ml, respectively, with
      significant alpha subunit elevations at 20 min of 1.7 ng/ml and 2.7 ng/ml,
      respectively. In separate groups of men LRF was administered over a wide dose
      range of 1 to 3,000 mug and LH and the alpha subunit measured. A dose-response
      curve existed over the entire LRF dose range for blood LH; no minimum or maximum
      plateaus were observed over the range studied. However, the alpha chain response
      appeared to reach a maximal plateau at a dose of 100 mug of LRF. The results are
      compativle with the hypothesis that the alpha subunits appearing in the
      peripheral circulation in response to LRF are due to secretion by the anterior
      pituitary and not due to peripheral degradation of intact secreted LH.

PMID- 1099116
TI  - Secondary drug failure occurring during chronic treatment with LHRH: appearance
      of an antibody.
AB  - Secondary drug failure with regard to subjective and hormonal responses occurred
      in a patient treated chronically with LHRH. This failure of response to hormone
      therapy was correlated with increased binding of 125I-LHRH by the patient's sera.
      Also, competitive displacement of 125I-LHRH by unlabelled LHRH was demonstrated.
      Affinity constants and titers of order appropriate for antibody were obtained.
      These data support strongly a report of antibody formation to exogenous LHRH in
      man.

PMID- 1099118
TI  - A morphological basis for intercellular communication between alpha- and beta
      cells in the endocrine pancreas.
AB  - By degranulating beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans of the rat with
      sulfonylurea, it has been possible to distinguish unambiguously alpha-cells from
      beta-cells in freeze-fracture replicas. In such preparations, we found
      morphologically typical tight and gap junctions occurring between alpha- and beta
      cells. The presence of gap junctions offers indirect evidence that these cells
      are coupled with one another; coupling may influence the secretory behavior of
      alpha- and beta-cells maintaining glucose homeostasis within tightly constricted
      limits.

PMID- 1099117
TI  - Circulating polyribophosphate in Hemophilus influenzae, type b meningitis.
      Correlation with clinical course and antibody response.
AB  - In systemic infections caused by Hemophilus influenzae, type b, the capsular
      polysaccharide, polyribophosphate, is released into the circulation.
      Polyribophosphate was quantitated in serial serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples
      from 45 children with H. influenzae, type b meningitis by means of a radiolabeled
      antigen-binding inhibition assay. Polyribophosphate was regularly found in acute
      serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples and could be detected in unbound form for
      periods of 1-30 days after initiation of effective therapy. Complexes of
      polyribophosphate dissociable with acid and pepsin were detected in serum samples
      from 17 patients, in one case for a period of 145 days after hospitalization.
      Polyribophosphate levels and patterns of clearance were studied in relation to
      hospital course and antibody response. Patients with prolonged antigenemia had
      protracted fevers and severe neurological symptoms during hospitalization,
      frequently with focal complications.Antipolyribophosphate antibody responses were
      detected during the first 100 days of convalescence by radioimmunoassay in 79% of
      the patients studied, including 60% of the children 1 yr or less in age. The
      intensity of antibody response although clearly related to the age of the
      patient, was more reliably predicted by the efficiency of antigen clearance.
      Antibody responses were uniformly of low magnitude in patients with prolonged
      antigenemia, irrespective of age. Paients who failed to develop antibody to
      polyribophosphate after meningitis also exhibited impaired antigen clearance.
      These studies suggest that mechanisms necessary for clearance of
      polyribophosphate may influence the development and intensity of the humoral
      immune response and raise the possibility of developmental deficiencies in the
      clearance system in infants and children.

PMID- 1099119
TI  - Functional role of antibody against "core" glycolipid of Enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - Antibodies against the "core" glycolipid of Enterobacteriaceae (2-keto, 3
      deoxyoctonate-Lipid A) have been associated with protection against the sequelae
      of gram-negative rod bacteremia. To investigate the nature of this protection,
      dogs and rabbits were immunized with purified glycolipid prepared by phenol
      chloroform-petroleum ether extraction of the "Re" mutant of Salmonella minnesota
      595 and opsonophagocytic and bactericidal tests were carried out using lapine
      peritoneal granulocytes and serum factors. Whereas 1-4 mug/kg of glycolipid i.v.
      produced hypotension in dogs and 8 mug/kg i.v. was lethal, a rising dosage
      schedule of immunization with an average total dose of 1 mg/kg produced striking
      protection against shock and death against challenge with heterologous organisms.
      20 control dogs, given approximately 10(10) live, serum-resistant Escherichia
      coli 0.85:H9 or Serratia marcescens 03 during a continuous intra-arterial
      pressure transducer recording, showed a drop in mean systolic pressure from 186
      (+/- 6 SE) to 101 (+/- 12 SE) MM Hg and a fall in mean diastolic pressure from
      118 (+/- 3 SE) to 64 (+/- 8 SE) mm Hg within 60-120 min. Minor pressure changes
      (average less than 12% of prechallenge levels) were seen in the same number of
      immunized dogs. In contrast, no significant difference was noted in the
      bloodstream clearance of these serum-resistant organisms over a period of 4-6 h
      between immunized and control dogs. Intravascular clearance was greater in
      animals immunized with the challenged strain or in glycolipid-immunized animals
      challenged with highly serum-sensitive E. coli 0.14:K7. Antibody against core
      glycolipid protected against the hemodynamic sequelae of bacillemia, augmented
      intravascular clearance of serum-sensitive organisms, and abrogated the pyrogenic
      response to enteric bacilli, but did not enhance clearance of serum-resistant
      organisms. Although canine and lapine antiserum against core glycolipid passively
      protected mice against a heterologous challenge, opsonophagocytic and
      bactericidal activity was at least 100-fold less than type-specific antiserum.

PMID- 1099120
TI  - Behavior of eosinophil leukocytes in acute inflammation. II. Eosinophil dynamics
      during acute inflammation.
AB  - The marked diminution in the number of circulating eosinophils, which has been
      shown to occur during acute bacterial infections, is a distinctive aspect of
      eosinophil physiology and of the host response to acute infection. The mouse
      rendered eosinophilic by infection with trichinosis provides a suitable model for
      study of the eosinopenic response induced by acute inflammation. The alterations
      in eosinophil dynamics associated with acute inflammatory reactions in trichinous
      mice were studied with pneumococcal abscesses, with Escherichia coli
      pyelonephritis, with Coxsackie viral pancreatitis, and with acute subcutaneous
      inflammation due to turpentine. Each of these stimuli of acute inflammation
      markedly suppressed the eosinophilia of trichinosis. This suggests that the
      eosinopenia is a response to the acute inflammatory process rather than the
      response to a specific type of pathogen. These studies apply quantitative
      techniques to ascertain the effects of acute inflammation on eosinophil
      production in bone marrow and on distribution of eosinophils in the peripheral
      tissues. From these observations, it is apparent that the initial response to
      acute inflammation includes a rapid drop in numbers of circulating eosinophils, a
      rapid accumulation of eosinophils at the periphery of the inflammatory site, and
      an inhibition of egress of eosinophils from the bone marrow. With prolongation of
      the inflammatory process, inhibition of eosinopoiesis occurs.

PMID- 1099121
TI  - Hereditary deficiency of the seventh component of complement.
AB  - Deficiency of the seventh component of complement has been found in the serum of
      a 42-yr-old Caucasian woman who has Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly, and
      telangiectasia. Partial deficiency was found in the serum of the patient's
      parents and children, indicating a pattern of inheritance of autosomal
      codominance. Transfusion experiments indicated that exogenous C7 had a 91-h halk
      life in the patient. There was no evidence for C7 synthesis after transfusion. No
      C7 inhibitors were detected in the patient's serum. The patient's serum was found
      to support the activation of complement by both the classical and properdin
      pathways to the C7 stage. The addition of C7 to the patient's serum permitted it
      to support hemolytic reactions initiated by either pathway. No defects could be
      detected in plasma or whole blood coagulation. The patient's serum was deficient
      in opsonizing unsensitized yeast particles in serum and in the generation of
      chemotactic factor by antigen-antibody complexes and endotoxin. Both deficiencies
      were corrected by the addition of C7. These observations suggest a key role for
      C7 for in vitro yeast phagocytosis and chemotaxis generation. However, the
      patient's lack of infections indicates a relatively minor role for C7 in human
      resistance to infection.

PMID- 1099122
TI  - An animal model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in the rabbit.
AB  - This study was devised to produce an animal model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis
      in order to study both the induction and the elicitation of the disease. Rabbits
      exposed by aerosol to large quantities of pigeon antigens developed a humoral,
      but not cellular, immunologic response. Moreover, their lungs were essentially
      normal histologically. A single i.v. injection of killed BCG in oil permitted the
      induction of pulmonary cell-medid hypersensitivity to the inhaled antigen, as
      well as the development of pulmonary lesions which were more severe than that
      caused by the administration of BCG alone. The humoral immunologic response to
      the inhaled antigen was not increased after BCG injection. Since many individuals
      are exposed to the etiologic agents of hypersensitivity pneumonitis for extended
      periods without developing the disease, these findings in animals suggest that
      some event may occur to induce cell mediated hypersensitivity in order to
      initiate the disease process. In addition, we have shown that animals with normal
      lung histology and circulating complement-fixing antibodies undergo serum
      complement (CH50) depression after an aerosol challenge with the specific
      antigen. Animals with circulating, complement-fixing antibodies, and inflamed
      lungs (BCG-induced failed to undergo a complement depression subsequent to an
      aerosol challenge with specific antigens. These results re consistent with those
      seen in symptomatic and asymptomatic pigeon breeders and suggest that antigen
      distribution through the lung is important in the pathogenesis of
      hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

PMID- 1099123
TI  - Quantitative aspects of nitrogen utilization in ruminants.

PMID- 1099124
TI  - Lactational responses to postruminal administration of proteins and amino acids.
AB  - Rumen by-pass of nutrients has improved performance of lactating dairy cows,
      growing stepers, and sheep. Postruminal supplementation of casein has increased
      milk production 1 to 4 kg per cow per day and milk protein yield by 10 to 15%.
      Component(s) in casein eliciting the improved performance have not been
      determined adequately. Glucose, amino acids, hormone secretion, or a combination
      of these factors may be responsible for the improved performance. Future research
      to delineate limiting nutrients for postruminal supplementation should prove
      fruitful and should make a major contribution to improved production by ruminant
      animals.

PMID- 1099125
TI  - Rumen bypass and protection of proteins and amino acids.
AB  - Potent rumen microbial proteases and deaminases rapidly degrade protein and amino
      acids which are soluble in the rumen liquid phase. Because protein sources vary
      in their solubility, the degree of degradation in the rumen is variable. Methods
      of decreasing protein and amino acid degradation in the rumen include heat
      treatment, chemical treatment, encapsulation, use of amino acid analogs,
      selective manipulation of balances of rumen metabolic pathways, and esophageal
      groove closure. It is important that procedures do not interfere with ruminal
      metabolism or post-ruminal digestion. Bypassing the rumen changes sites in the
      digestive tract of nutrient digestion and absorption and provides a mechanism for
      supplementing outflow of nutrients from the rumen. A feasible approach to
      production of animal protein from ruminants would be utilization of nonprotein
      nitrogen for rumen protein production, maximization of rumen bypass of dietary
      protein, and supplementation with rumen nondegradable amino acids.

PMID- 1099126
TI  - Nitrogen requirement and utilization in dairy cattle.
AB  - Formulation of dairy cow rations should consider the following points regarding
      nitrogen utilization by lactating cows. (a) Maintenance of ruminal ammonia
      nitrogen in excess of 5 mg/100 ml rumen fluid has no effect on microbial protein
      production. (b)Supplemental nonprotein nitrogen is not utilized in typical dairy
      and feedlot beef rations containing more than 12 to 13% crude protein(dry matter
      basis). (c)Nonprotein nitrogen is approximately equal to true protein as a source
      of nitrogen in typical dairy and feedlot rations containing not more than 12 to
      13% crude protein. (d)A scheme based upon metabolizable protein (absorbable
      protein) for calculating requirements and comparing protein sources is superior
      to crude or digestible protein designations. Ultimate expression of the
      requirement may be in terms of crude protein for the sake of simplicity. (e)One
      kilogram of crude protein, regardless of nitrogen source, equals about .75kg
      metabolizable protein in typical dairy and feedlot beef rations containing not
      more than 12 to 13% crude protein. One kilogram of plant protein (true protein)
      fed in excess of an amount equivalent to 12 to 13% dietary protein equals about
      .3 kg metabolizable protein. (f)Protein supplementation of lactating cows might
      be related more to stage of lactation than to milk production. (g)Lactating cows
      having above average lactational ability may benefit from dietary protein as high
      as 16 to 17% (dry matter basis) during the first third of lactation. (h)Cows in
      the latter two-thirds of lactation appear to require 12.5% dietary protein or
      less. (i)Plant protein (true protein) should be the supplemental sources of
      nitrogen during the first third of lactation, with NPN providing most, if not
      all, the supplemental nitrogen during the last two-thirds of lactation.

PMID- 1099127
TI  - Comparison of three behavioral techniques in the modification of smoking
      behavior.

PMID- 1099128
TI  - Reduced viability of microorganisms under dental sealants.

PMID- 1099129
TI  - A clinical study of the response of the gingival tissue surrounding stainless
      steel crowns.

PMID- 1099130
TI  - The effect of environment on a child's reaction to dentistry.

PMID- 1099131
TI  - Etiology of fingersucking: review of literature.

PMID- 1099132
TI  - Juvenile hysteria and primary shock: report of case.
AB  - Hysterical aberrations may occur from circumstances other than fear and anxiety
      in a dental office. Irreversible shock from hysteria is well documented. It is
      important that causative factors of hysterical experiences be properly and
      promptly identified, and adequate measures be taken to allay these factors so
      that permanent adverse effects of the hysteria are aborted.

PMID- 1099133
TI  - Fissure sealants and dental caries: a review.

PMID- 1099134
TI  - Evaluation of fissure sealant durability in vivo using an impression technique.

PMID- 1099135
TI  - Damage caused by a partial denture: a case report.

PMID- 1099136
TI  - Effect of radiation-induced xerostomia on human oral microflora.
AB  - A longitudinal study was performed to assess the effects of radiation-induced
      xerostomia on the human oral microflora. Pronounced microbial population shifts
      were found in each of five intraoral sites tested. Cariogenic microorganisms
      gained prominence at the expense of noncariogenic microorganisms in concert with
      the saliva shutdown. These changes occurred before the onset of clinical caries
      irrespective of whether or not a topical fluoride gel was used as a caries
      preventive.

PMID- 1099137
TI  - Effect of humidity and temperature changes on orthodontic direct-bonding adhesive
      systems.
AB  - Plastic brackets were bonded to 560 extracted human teeth with use of two
      orthodontic adhesive systems: (1) methyl methacrylate resin bonded to a sealant
      that was polymerized using ultraviolet light, and (2) self-polymerizing methyl
      methacrylate resin bonded directly to the etched enamel. Tensile and shearlike
      tests were performed. Prolonged exposure to heat, moisture, and severe
      temperature changes decreased the shearlike strength of both adhesives. Both
      systems were adequately strong to withstand routine orthodontic and estimated
      masticatory forces.

PMID- 1099138
TI  - Standardized system for recording dental caries in prehistoric skeletons.

PMID- 1099139
TI  - Automated centrifuge for pour resins.

PMID- 1099141
TI  - The certification of dental assistants.

PMID- 1099140
TI  - Age distribution of enamel hypoplasia in prehistoric California Indians.

PMID- 1099142
TI  - Surveying.
AB  - Several systems for the survey and design for removable partial dentures are
      based on empiricism and misinformation. Presented here is a systematic approach
      to the basic requirements for precribing a prosthesis that will be received
      favorably by the patient.

PMID- 1099143
TI  - On mourning, immortality, and utopia.

PMID- 1099144
TI  - In memoriam. Dr. Ved Prakash.

PMID- 1099145
TI  - An outbreak of dysentery caused by Shigella dysenteriae type 1 on a coral island
      in the Bay of Bengal.
AB  - An epidemic of severe dysentery occurred on St. Martin Island in the Bay of
      Bengal at a time when the island, with a population of 1,318, was isolated from
      the mainland because of the monsoon season. There were 434 cases and 28 deaths
      within a three-month period. Mortality (2%) was limited to the very young and the
      elderly. Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (Shiga bacillus) was isolated from 12 of 65
      rectal swab specimens. All strains gave similar biochemical reactions and were
      resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and the sulfonamides
      but were sensitive to ampicillin, kanamycin, and gentamicin. No other organism
      was implicated in the outbreak. The disease disappeared from the island after
      institution of chlorination of the sources of drinking water and effective
      treatment of patients.

PMID- 1099146
TI  - Asymptomatic epidemic acquisition of group A Streptococcus: antibody response to
      extracellular and type-specific antigens.
AB  - The antibody response of 40 institutionalized children involved in an epidemic
      associated with asymptomatic pharyngeal acquisition of a group A, M-11, T-11
      typeable Streptococcus was studied. Titers of antibody to streptolysin O and to
      deoxyribonuclease B determined in sera collected from patients within two weeks
      of positive throat cultures were significantly higher than those in sera of
      controls (P smaller than 0.001). However, there was no rise in antibody titers in
      sera obtained from these patients after an interval of three weeks. Type-specific
      antibody to the group A Streptococcus (type M-11) was assayed in the sera of 24
      patients. No detectable antibody activity was found either in the initial sera or
      in sera collected eight months after the epidemic. Thus, the asymptomatic nature
      of this epidemic could not be attributed to the presence of detectable type
      specific antibody in this population at the time of the epidemic. These
      observations suggest that asymptomatic pharyngeal acquisition of group A
      Streptococcus may occur in epidemic fashion in certain populations and may not be
      associated with evidence of an antibody response to the streptococcal organism.

PMID- 1099147
TI  - Susceptibility of coccidioides immitis, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus
      neoformans to amphotericin B, flucytosine, and clotrimazole.
AB  - Toxicity and failure of treatment with amphotericin B are stimuli for researchers
      to evaluate alternative antifungal antimicrobics. Also, data from susceptibility
      tests of Coccidioides immitis are sparse. With use of a defined, synthetic
      culture medium, C. immitis (25 strains). Candida albicans (21 strains), and
      Cryptococcus neoformans (21 strains) were tested against flucytosine,
      clotrimazole, and amphotericin B. Molecule for molecule, the sequency of activity
      was: clotrimazole greater than amphotericin B greater than flucytosine (totally
      inactive) C. immitis; and clotrimazole greater than amphotericin B greater than
      flucytosine with C. albicans and C. neoformans. With four strains of C. immitis,
      the minimal inhibitory concentration (of amphotericin B) was the same when
      inocula of arthrospores were tested as when corresponding spherules/endospores
      were tested simultaneously and identically. The clinical outcome of
      coccidioidomycosis in 17 patients treated with amphotericin B correlated best
      with minimal inhibitory concentration after incubation of cultures for 48 hr; a
      favorable response was associated with minimal inhibitory concentrations of less
      than or equal 1.0 mug/ml. Because clinical isolates of fungi appear to vary in
      susceptibility, in vitro tests may have clinical utility.

PMID- 1099148
TI  - Transmissible drug resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella from humans,
      animals, and their rural environments.
AB  - Isolates of Escherichia coli and Salmonella species obtained from humans,
      animals, and their rural environments were tested for their ability to transfer
      multiple drug resistance to competent recipients. In all, 125 (52.9%) of 242
      isolates of E.coli transferred all or part of their resistance to E.coli CSH-2,
      and 103 (44.4%) of 232 isolates of E.coli transferred all or part of their
      resistance to Salmonella choleraesuis var. kuzendorf 214. The data suggest that
      the multiple drug resistance of E.coli transferred all or part of their
      resistance to Salmonella choleraesuis var kuzendorf 214. The data suggest that
      the multiple drug resistance of E. coli in the gut of humans who work with
      livestock may be due to the transfer of resistance determinants from animal
      strains to the resident flora of the human gut. Such transfer could occur during
      transient passage through the digestive tract. Multiple drug-resistant Salmonella
      were isolated from all sources. In all, 48 (80%) of 60 isolates of Salmonella
      transferred all or part of their resistance to E. coli CSH-2, and isolates of
      Salmonella transferred all or part of their resistance to E.coli CSH-2, and 42
      (82.4%) of 51 isolates of Salmonella transferred all or part of their resistance
      to S. choleraesuis var, kuzendorf 214. Fifty-three (46.9%) of 113 antibiotic
      sensitive isolates of E.coli possessed resistance transfer factor, and six
      (23.1%) of 26 isolates with resistance transfer factor mobilized resistance
      determinants in isolates unable to transfer drug resistance during conjugation
      experiments.

PMID- 1099149
TI  - Colicin types of Shigella sonnei in relation to antibiotic resistance.
AB  - Colicin typing of 436 strains of Shigella sonnei isolated in Dallas during a 10
      year period was performed to determine whether resistance to ampicillin was
      associated with a single strain or was widespread among all S. sonnei types. One
      hundred ninety-three strains collected during a period of eight  and one-half
      years when ampicillin resistance was 1.6% were available for retrospective
      review. During the last one and one-half years of study, 20.6% of the 243 strains
      that represented almost all S. sonnei isolated in Dallas were resistant to
      ampicillin. More than 50% of the strains collected annually were colicin type
      9,22% were untypable, and seven other types were less frequently encountered.
      Resistance to ampicillin increased slightly from 1.5% to 9.5% among the type 9
      strains, and one type 8 strain (2.9%) was resistaiple resistance to seven
      antibiotics tested was found mainly in untypable strains. Thus it appears that
      the abrupt increase in ampicillin resistance in mid-1972 was due principally to
      resistance in a single biotype, and that resistance is not widespread among all
      types of S. sonnei.

PMID- 1099150
TI  - Algorithms inthe diagnosis and management of exotic diseases. VI. The filariases.

PMID- 1099151
TI  - [Cell cycle dependent membrane synthesis in Escherichia coli (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099152
TI  - [Early assessments of results in sequential clinical trials of cancer treatment
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099153
TI  - [Studies on mechanical properties of dental materials for clasps. Part 2. On the
      relation of the retention of a cast clasp to elastic properties of alloys
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099154
TI  - [Mobility of the bilateral free end saddle type removable mandibular partial
      denture during mastication].

PMID- 1099155
TI  - Louis W. Sauer-the conqueror of pertussis.

PMID- 1099156
TI  - PSRO: the premise and the promise.

PMID- 1099157
TI  - Why is the Rockefeller Commission so single-minded about a lone assassin in the
      Kennedy case?

PMID- 1099158
TI  - A bicentennial salute: Josiah Bartlett: Physician/jurist/patriot.

PMID- 1099159
TI  - Regression of cutaneous neoplasms following delayed-type hypersensitivity
      challenge reactions to microbial antigens or lymphokines.
AB  - Induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity challenge reactions to microbial
      antigens at sites of neoplasms involving the skin resulted in regression of
      mycosis fungoides, reticulum cell sarcoma, superficial basal cell carcinoma and
      adenocarcinoma of the breast. Similar reactions induced by lymphokine
      preparations also resulted in regression of lesions of mycosis fungoides and
      superficial basal cell carcinoma. The role of the large monomuclear cells in the
      inflammatory infiltrate of the delayed hypersensitivity reaction in eliciting the
      tumor regression is discussed. It is proposed that these large mononuclear cells
      represent the effectors in a primitive surveillance mechanism for neoplastic
      cells.

PMID- 1099160
TI  - A new use for an old ointment: Lantiseptic ointment as a treatment for diaper
      dermatitis.

PMID- 1099161
TI  - The use of home medical books in ante-bellum Georgia: a letter by John Macpherson
      Berrien.

PMID- 1099162
TI  - Studies on ATP level in erythrocytes of patients with Plasmodium falciparum
      malaria.

PMID- 1099163
TI  - Neuroepithelial cysts: first study of four cases in Thailand and review of the
      related literature.

PMID- 1099164
TI  - VECTAN II: A computer program for the spatial analysis of the vectorcardiogram.
AB  - This paper presents the operation of a digital computer program, VECTAN II, for
      the spatial analysis of the vectorcardiogram (VCG). The program incorporates a
      unique waveform recognition algorithm based on the spatial vector length which
      has been shown to perform better than previous algorithms. The waveform analysis
      employed by the program considers the vectorcardiogram as a three dimensional
      entity rather than as scalar or planar representations. VECTAN II is designed
      chiefly to measure and quantify the VCG response of normal subjects to a
      controlled stress by analyzing one VCG complex every five seconds throughout a
      long experiment. The program has been used to analyzeom the NASA Johnson Space
      Center Cardiovascular Laboratory, from the pre- and postflight medical
      examinations of the Apollo 15, 16 and 17 crewmen, and from onboard Skylab
      experiments.

PMID- 1099165
TI  - Flexion contractures of the hand.

PMID- 1099166
TI  - One-half century of tularemia in Florida.

PMID- 1099167
TI  - Maimonides. Physician, philosopher, jurist.

PMID- 1099168
TI  - William Monroe Rowlett Jr., M.D. (1884-1975).

PMID- 1099169
TI  - Lester Reynold Dragstedt, M.D. (1893-1975).

PMID- 1099170
TI  - The production of a temperature-sensitive persistent measles virus infection.
AB  - A persistent infection of measles virus was established in HEp2 cells. All cells
      contained virus antigen when tested by specific immunofluorescence and approx.
      50% were positive by haemadsorption. Infectious virus released into the
      supernatant medium was usually equivalent to no more than 0-001 p.f.u./cell, but
      between 10 and 40% of the infected cells produced plaques when plated on Vero
      cells. Passage of persistently infected cultures in the presence of measles
      antibody had no effect on the proportion of antigen-positive cells. Virus
      obtained from the supernatant medium of persistently infected cultures was
      temperature sensitive at 39-5 degrees C when tested on Vero cells whereas the
      original non-persistent virus produced infections on Vero cells at 39-8 degrees
      C. On passage of the persistently infected culture at 39-5 degrees C most of the
      surface antigens disappeared within 24 h whereas the intracellular virus antigens
      had not totally disappeared until the 5th passage.

PMID- 1099171
TI  - Beta blockade in lithium tremor.
AB  - Practolol, propranolol, and placebo have been tested on an objective test of
      lithium induced tremor. Both beta-blocking agents produced significantly more
      tremor than the placebo. It is argued that lithium induced tremor is closer to
      essential than to physiological tremor.

PMID- 1099172
TI  - Apomorphine and psychopathology.
AB  - Forty men, mainly alcoholics, were administered either the dopamine receptor
      agonist, apomorphine HCl (1 mg), or distilled water subcutaneously three times a
      day for 14 days in a double blind study. None of the subjects developed an
      endogenous depression or schizophrenic symptoms. Scores on the Hamilton Rating
      Scale, Zung Self Rating Scale, and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale showed
      improvement with both apomorphine and placebo. There were no significant
      differences between the two treatments on these rating scales. A significant
      incidence of spontaneous penile erections occurred after apomorphine treatment
      compared with placebo. Both treatments eliminated subjective craving for alcohol.
      Acute administration of apomorphine had no effect on psychomotor retardation or
      depressed mood in two patients with endogenous depression.

PMID- 1099173
TI  - Ernst Frauchiger (1903-1975).

PMID- 1099174
TI  - Threshold for pain from anterolateral quadrant stimulation as a predictor of
      success of percutaneous cordotomy for relief of pain.
AB  - A sensitive quantitative index for predicting optimal electrode position in
      percutaneous anterolateral cordotomy was determined by electrical stimulation
      through the lesioning electrode. If the threshold for pain elicited by the
      stimulation electrode was less than 300 muA, a 5-sec radiofrequency lesion of 50
      mA would produce complete contralateral analgesia with no weakness. When the pain
      threshold exceeded 300 muA, incomplete or no analgesia would result with the
      standard single lesion. The results further suggested that the fibers in the
      anterolateral quadrant that transmit pain are discretely rather than diffusely
      localized.

PMID- 1099175
TI  - Meningomyelocele and progressive hydromyelia. Progressive paresis in
      myelodysplasia.
AB  - Five cases of myelodysplasia with progressive paraparesis are presented. Three of
      the five patients developed spasticity, but dissociated sensory loss and loss of
      sphincter control was not a prominent feature. All were found to have compensated
      hydrocephalus and extensive communicating hydromyelia. The use of myelography and
      ventriculography in the diagnosis of hydromyelia is discussed. Ventricular
      drainage led to clinical improvement in two cases and radiological improvement in
      one. The relationship of compensated hydrocephalus, meningomyelocele, and
      progressive hydromyelia postnatally may support the hydrodynamic hypothesis of
      myelodysplasia.

PMID- 1099176
TI  - Effect of ascorbic acid on the human electroencephalogram.
AB  - Controversy exists over whether ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in doses in excess of
      known physiological requirements has demonstrable biological effects. The present
      study reports that such megadoses of vitamin C do significantly effect an
      objective electrophysiological measure, i.e., electroencephalogram (EEG) driving
      responses to photic stimulation. Four thousand milligrams of vitamin C
      administered 27 and 3 hours prior to assessment produced an effect on the EEGs of
      18 healthy adolescent human males that was significantly different from a
      placebo. Fifty milligrams of ascorbic acid administered in this manner did not
      produce an effect on the EEG significantly different from placebo administration.

PMID- 1099178
TI  - Frome Ramazzini to occupational health today from an international perspective.

PMID- 1099177
TI  - Thorne Martin Carpenter (1878-1971)--a biographical sketch.

PMID- 1099179
TI  - Consultation and reference sources for occupational health.

PMID- 1099180
TI  - The histopathology of lepromatous leprosy in the nose.
AB  - On the basis of clinical, histological and bacteriological assessments, 31
      patients in Central India were selected and classified as having active but early
      lepromatous leprosy and 4 patients as having early borderline leprosy. From the
      nose of each patient an average of 4 biopsies were taken from particular sites of
      the septum and turbinates either by punch biopsy or dissection with a scalpel.
      The nasal tissues from all the lepromatous patients contained many acid-fast
      bacilli; no bacilli or abnormalities were seen in nasal tissues from the
      borderline patients. The histopathology of these highly bacilliferous tissues is
      described. Bacilli were universally seen in macrophages, but they were also seen
      in blood monocytes and polymorphs, fibroblasts, squamous and pseudo-columnar
      epithelium, keratin, peri- and endo-neurial cells of tiny nerve bundles, erectile
      tissue, vascular plain muscle, perivascular histiocytes and frequently and
      abundantly in the cytoplasm of endothelial lining cells of lymphatics and of
      small blood vessels and free within the lumina of these vessels. Five basic
      mechanisms of escape of bacilli from the submucosa on to the surface, and thus
      into the external environment, are described. Secondary infection, in the
      presence of an expansile lepromatous infiltrate, together with simple trauma to
      the surface epithelium, are the main factors in the discharge of bacilli. These
      histopathological observations are consistent with the findings from other recent
      studies on the nose in leprosy regarding (1) the large numbers of morphologically
      intact and viable Myco. leprae excreted in the nasal mucus of lepromatous
      patients; (2) the clinical changes observed in the nose of such patients, and (3)
      the similar nasal involvement and excretion of Myco. leprae from the nose of mice
      inoculated with leprosy bacilli of human origin. Of particular interest was the
      frequency and intensity of bacilli within the endothelial lining cells of small
      blood and lymph vessels and the presence of bacilli free within the lumina of
      these vessels or within monocytes and polymorphs. The possible dynamic
      significance of these observations in the pathogenesis of leprosy is discussed.
      The significance of all these observations in relation to (1) the spread of
      leprosy; (2) local factors in the nose which might favour the growth of Myco.
      leprae, and (3) the nose as a portal of entry, are discussed.

PMID- 1099181
TI  - Viral hepatitis with intracytoplasmic cholestasis and cholesterol crystals in a
      drug addict.
AB  - Electron-microscopical exammination of a liver biopsy from a young female drug
      addict with clinically relapsing serum hepatitis revealed virus-like particles
      free in the liver cell cytoplasm. In addition, there was intracellular
      cholestasis, and numerous clefts were found in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes,
      presumably caused by the presence of cholesterol crystals which were dissolved
      during the processing of the tissue. Such clefts have earlier been reported in
      liver cells in patients with cholestasis and hypercholesterolemia, but not in
      patients with viral hepatitis and a normal serum cholesterol concentration.

PMID- 1099182
TI  - Opportunistic infection in children. I. In the compromised host.

PMID- 1099183
TI  - Yeast colonization in hospitalized and nonhospitalized children.
AB  - Data have been accumulated to determine the prevalence of yeast colonization of
      the skin and digestive tract of hospitalized and nonhospitalized infants and
      children. There was no difference in the prevalence between hospitalized patients
      at the time of admission and nonhospitalized children. However, there was a
      positive correlation of the duration of hospitalization and the prevalence of
      yeast colonization. There were no correlations of hospitalization with site of
      colonization, age of the patient, or type of yeast isolated.

PMID- 1099184
TI  - Early versus late introduction of continuous negative pressure in the management
      of the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.
AB  - To evaluate the effectiveness of the early application of continuous negative
      pressure about the thorax, 23 infants with the idiopathic respiratory distress
      syndrome who had adequate alveolar ventilation were assigned to early or late
      application of CNP. There were 11 infants in the early CNP and 12 in the late CNP
      group. There were no differences between the two groups with respect to birth
      weight, gestational age, age at admission to the study, initial FIO2
      requirements, or initial PaO2, PaCo2, and AaPO2. None of the ENCP patients
      required mechanical ventilation, whereas four of the LCNP group did so. The FIO2
      requirements were significantly less for the ECNP infants when compared to the
      LCNP ones. The mean duration of FIO2 requirements greater than 0.6 was 28.3 hours
      for those receiving ECNP and 60.7 hours for those in LCNP (P LESS THAN 0.05).
      This study suggests that the course of RDS may be modified by the early
      application of CNP.

PMID- 1099185
TI  - Letter: Early versus late initiation of continuous negative pressure in infants
      with clinical hyaline membrane disease.

PMID- 1099186
TI  - Traumatizing effect of breech delivery on infants with spina bifida.
AB  - About one quarter of babies with myelomeningocele are born by breech delivery.
      Dissection of the locomotor system tissues of 49 spina bifida babies born by
      normal delivery and 15 spina bifida babies born by breech delivery revealed that
      the latter type of labor causes frequent and often severe trauma to the already
      handicapped muscles and nerves of the lower extremities. In cases where the birth
      damage is extensive, the baby's chances of survival may be reduced. The
      possibility should be considered that this type of labor, which traumatizes the
      baby's muscles and nerves, may influence the postnatal locomotor function and
      further contribute to the child's disability.

PMID- 1099187
TI  - Glucocorticoid prophylaxis for respiratory distress syndrome: a review of
      potential toxicity.
AB  - Much evidence suggests that glucocorticoids may increase the rate of lung
      development during late fetal life, and thereby decrease the risk of respiratory
      distress syndrome if the fetus is born prematurely. Results of human and animal
      studies are basically in agreement. The risks of this form of therapy are less
      well examined, especially in human studies. This review briefly outlines studies
      that relate to toxicity so that the "risk/benefit ratio" of this form of therapy
      may be assessed.

PMID- 1099188
TI  - Osseous autografts. I. Clinical responses to bone blend or hip marrow grafts.
AB  - A clinical evaluation was undertaken to compare regeneration of osseous defects
      following implantation of either osseous coagulum-bone blend from intraoral
      sources or autogenous iliac marrow-cancellous bone. Thirty-two transplants were
      performed in 15 male patients. The intraosseous defects in which marrow was
      placed (initial average depth = 7.18 mm) filled 60.7% (average fill = 4.36 mm).
      Defects in which osseous coagulum-bone blend was placed (initial average depth
      4.0 mm) filled 73% (average fill = 2.93 mm). The difference in results between
      the two materials was not statistically significant. Therefore, similar levels of
      osseous regeneration apparently took place regardless of graft material used.

PMID- 1099189
TI  - The clinical and histological response of periodontal pockets to root planing and
      oral hygiene.
AB  - The study evaluated, clinically and microscopically, the soft tissue response of
      suprabony periodontal pockets treated by root planing and oral hygiene or by oral
      hygiene measures alone. The participants were 22 adults beginning treatment for
      inflammatory periodontal disease. For each patient, three clinically similar
      labial or lingual pockets were scored for gingival inflammation, pocket depth,
      and the extent of plaque and calculus. One pocket in each patient served as a
      control, and a gingival biopsy was obtained to determine the pretreatment level
      of inflammation. The second pocket was treated by root planing and by the
      patient's oral hygiene measures. The third pocket was treated only by the
      patient's daily oral hygiene measures. Fifty-six to 63 days later, treated areas
      were reevaluated clinically, and biopsies were secured. Each type of therapy
      reduced the mean pocket depth and the incidence and severity of gingivitis;
      however, root planing accompanied by oral hygiene measures resulted in a
      statistically greater improvement than did oral hygiene measures alone.

PMID- 1099190
TI  - [Studies on catecholamine biosynthesis. IV. Inhibition of dopamine beta
      hydroxylase by thiourea derivatives (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099191
TI  - [History of the Physiology Department of Kansai Medical University].

PMID- 1099192
TI  - Cryopreservation of Trypanosoma cruzi bloodstream forms.
AB  - Recovery rates of T. cruzi bloodstream forms subjected to several methods of
      cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen and at -73 C are reported.  Inoculations of
      animals with cryopreserved and nonpreserved trypomastigotes revealed that
      prolonged storage at -196 C apparently did not change the biologic
      characteristics of different T. cruzi strains.  The reproducibility and
      consistency of results suggest that "cryobanks" or "reference centers" may be
      established.

PMID- 1099193
TI  - Unstable structure of ribosomal particles synthesized in gamma-irradiated
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1099194
TI  - Letter: Use of computers in general practice.

PMID- 1099195
TI  - Ovulation induction and antifertility effects of an LH-RH analogue (AY 25,205) in
      cyclic rats.
AB  - Pro-oestrous rats, treated with fluphenazine dihydrochloride to block ovulation,
      were used to compare the ovulation-inducing activity of synthetic LH-RH with one
      of its analogues, [D-Ala-6, des-Gly-NH2-10]-LH-RH ethylamide (AY-25,205). The
      lowest dose of LH-RH which produced a significant response was 125 ng compared
      with 2.9 ng AY-25,205. Statistical analysis of the data showed that AY-25,205 was
      approximately thirty-six times more potent than LH-RH. Treatment with AY-25,205
      also induced partial ovulation in metoestrous rats (80 or 160 ng/rat) and
      apparently normal ovulation in dioestrous rats (10 to 160 ng/rat). The compound
      (160 ng) failed to induce further ovulation in oestrous rats which ovulated
      during the previous night. Advancement of premature ovulation in dioestrous rats
      with AY-25,205 prevented mating behaviour and pregnancy during the treatment
      cycle. The antifertility effect of the compound disappeared during the following
      cycle.

PMID- 1099196
TI  - Ovulation in ewes selected for fecundity: effect of synthetic Gn-RH injected on
      the day of oestrus.

PMID- 1099197
TI  - Hypothalamus-pituitary-testis interaction.

PMID- 1099198
TI  - Cellular and subcellular compartmentalization of steroid metabolism in the rat
      testis.
AB  - The following aspects are discussed in relation to the cellular and subcellular
      localization of steroid metabolism in the rat testis: (1) the localization of
      enzyme activities for steroid production in interstitial tissue and seminiferous
      tubules in intact cells and in isolated mitochondrial fractions: (2) steroid
      production by isolated cellular and subcellular fractions and by the intact
      testis in vivo; and (3) the effect of cofactors on steroid production by rat
      testis preparations in vitro. It is concluded that it is difficult to decide
      whether steroid production and the enzymes involved in steroid metabolism are
      restricted to specific compartments. Steroid production by the testis can,
      however, be quantitatively explained by that occurring in the isolated
      mitochondria of the interstitial tissue.

PMID- 1099199
TI  - Examination of the hypothesis that a direct control system exists for the
      prostate and seminal vesicles.

PMID- 1099200
TI  - Antimalarial phenanthrene amino alcohols. 3. Halogen-containing 9
      phenanthrenemethanols.
AB  - A series of new 9-phenanthrene amino alcohols has been prepared in which each
      compound bears from one to five halogen or halogen-containing moieties. A number
      of these compounds are extremely active against Plasmodium berghei in the mouse.
      Some structural requirements for optimal efficacy are considered.

PMID- 1099201
TI  - Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-oxo-1,8
      naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters, carbonitriles, and carboxamides.
AB  - A series of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid esters,
      carbonitriles, and carboxamides (2a-k) was synthesized and initially evaluated
      (dose range 50-400 mg/kg) in mice infected with Escherichia coli. Only two
      derivatives, the ethyl and butyl esters of 1-ethyl-1,2-dihydro-4-hydroxy-7-methyl
      1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid, protected the animals against E. coli and
      several other gram-negative bacterial pathogenic infections. A pro-drug type of
      mechanism appears to be operable since neither agent showed in vitro activity.

PMID- 1099202
TI  - Inhibitors of protein synthesis. 4. Studies on the structure-activity
      relationship of gougerotin and some of its analogs.
AB  - Seventeen structural analogs of gougerotin have been compared with the parent
      compound as inhibitors of the growh of E. coli B and as inhibitors of N
      acetylphenylalanylpuromycin formation. The analogs comprise compounds with (1) an
      intact sarcosyl-D-seryl moiety and modifications at various positions of the
      carbohydrate moiety, (2) compounds which lack the peptidyl residue, and (3)
      compounds in which the sarcosyl-D-seryl moiety has been replaced by other
      aminoacyl or peptidyl moieties and in which various sites in the carbohydrate
      moiety have been modified in addition. These comparisons revealed that (1) the 3'
      hydroxyl group makes a strong contribution to inhibitory activity, (2) the
      introduction of a double bond between the 2' and 3' positions of the carbohydrate
      moiety causes a marked decrease in activity; however, if in addition the sarcosyl
      D-seryl moiety is replaced by the epsilon-N-methyl-beta-L-arginyl side chain,
      full activity is restored, (3) there is a marked degree of stereospecificity
      around the alpha carbon of the seryl moiety (replacement of the sarcosyl-D-seryl
      residue with the sarcosyl-L-seryl residue results in greatly reduced activity),
      and (4) replacement of the carboxamide group at position 5' with a hydroxymethyl
      function resulsts in reduced activity which is further decreased by alterations
      in the sarcosyl-D-seryl moiety. These alterations include (a) replacement of the
      D-seryl residue of the sarcosyl-D-seryl moiety by the D-alanyl or the D
      phenylalanyl residues and (b) replacement of the whole sarcosyl-D-seryl side
      chain by the D-seryl, D-alanyl, D-phenylalanyl, p-methoxy-D-phenylalanyl, or p
      methoxy-L-phenylalanyl moieties; the replacement of the sarcosyl-D-seryl side
      chain with the various aminoacyl residues did not lead to acceptor (puromycin
      like) activity with N-Ac-Phe-tRNA as the donor.

PMID- 1099203
TI  - 1(((5-Nitrofuranyl)methylene)amino)-4 and/or-5-substituted 2-imidazolidinones.
AB  - A series of 1-[[(5-nitrofuranyl)methylene]amino]-4- and/or -5-substituted 2
      imidazolidinones was prepared utilizing three different reaction sequences. The
      structure of 4, the product derived from 4-methyl-2-imidazolidinone (2a), was
      verified by synthesis using an alternate, unequivocal route. The levo isomer l-4
      was prepared by a series of reactions starting with L(+)-2-amino-1-propanol (l
      10). All of the nitrofurans were examined for potential use as chemotherapeutic
      agents for urinary tract infections. Based on the high level of activity in the
      urine and the in vitro antibacterial activity (MIC) 4, l-4, and 16 are considered
      to be the most active as urinary tract agents.

PMID- 1099204
TI  - Preparation and biological activity of some aminoacyl and peptidyl derivatives of
      2'-amino-2'-deoxyuridine.
AB  - Several aminoacyl and peptidyl derivatives of 2'-amino-2'-deoxyuridine have been
      synthesized. 2'-Amino-2'-deoxyuridine (I) and 2'-N-glycyl-2'-amino-2'
      deoxyuridine (IIIa) were condensed with N-Cbz blocked p-nitrophenyl esters of the
      appropriate amino acids to afford the protected aminoacyl and peptidyl
      nucleosides. Removal of the protecting groups gave the title compounds in good
      yields. The biological effects of these derivatives are discussed.

PMID- 1099205
TI  - Tolerance of Peromyscus to the feeding of Triatoma (Hemiptera: Reduviidae).

PMID- 1099206
TI  - A review of the phoretic relationship between Mallophaga (Phthiraptera: Insecta)
      and Hippoboscidae (Diptera: Insecta).

PMID- 1099207
TI  - A simulation laboratory for medical education.
AB  - Simulation as an instructional technique is being utilized for the learning of
      clinical skills in the training of health professionals. The Center for
      Educational Development at the University of Illinois College of Medicine has
      established a Learning Resource and Development Center to assist medical faculty
      in the development and evaluation of instructional simulations. These are not
      designed to replace clinical experiences but to provide additional opportunities
      for students to strengthen skills in patient examination. Prior to the
      introduction of these learning tools in 1972, a study was undertaken to validate
      their instructional effectiveness. After an additional two years of operation and
      experimentation, a revalidation study was undertaken during the fall of 1974.
      Improvements are continually being made in the various simulation formats as a
      result of feedback from students and faculty.

PMID- 1099208
TI  - Interaction of ethidium bromide with the transport system for monovalent cations
      in yeast.
AB  - Ethidium was found to be taken up by yeast cells in a process that, at certain
      concentrations has the main following characteristics: a) a substrate is
      required; b) it presents cooperative kinetics, with n, according to the Hill
      equation approximately 3; c) ethidium can be concentrated more than 100-fold; d)
      the uptake is inhibited by Ca2+; e) the uptake of the dye is inhibited by
      monovalent cations with a selectivity pattern similar to that observed in their
      transport by yeast; f) ethidium inhibits the uptake of K+, and, at concentrations
      up to about 250 muM produces a competitive inhibition on the uptake of Rb+; and
      g) ethidium produces the same effects as K+ on respiration and the extrusion of
      H+. It is concluded that ethidium is taken up by yeast cells in a selective way
      by the same transport system normally employed for monovalent cation uptake.

PMID- 1099209
TI  - Studies on the role of bacteriophage T7 lysozyme during phage infection.

PMID- 1099210
TI  - The in vivo order of protein addition in the course of Escherichia coli 30 S and
      50 S subunit biogenesis.

PMID- 1099211
TI  - Electron microscopic study of the repressor of bacteriophage lambda and its
      interaction with operator DNA.

PMID- 1099212
TI  - Paucity of sites mutable to constitutivity in the araC activator gene of the L
      arabinose operon of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1099213
TI  - Letters to the editor: Novobiocin-a specific inhibitor of semiconservative DNA
      replication in permeabilized Escherichia coli cells.

PMID- 1099214
TI  - Conformational prediction and circular dichroism studies on the lac repressor.

PMID- 1099215
TI  - Comparison of viral RNA sequences in adenovirus 2-transformed and lytically
      infected cells.

PMID- 1099216
TI  - Precursor molecules of Escherichia coli transfer RNAs accumulated in a
      temperature-sensitive mutant.

PMID- 1099217
TI  - Reversal of mutator phage Mu integration.

PMID- 1099219
TI  - Guest editorial: Lung cancer: a status report.

PMID- 1099218
TI  - The origin of mitochondria.
AB  - The endosymbiont and episome theories about the origin of mitochondria are
      reviewed.  Biochemical and genetic data, relevant to these theories are
      discussed.  An alternative theory is also proposed; this theory is that nuclear
      and mitochondrial DNAs developed from compartmentalized duplicate prokaryote
      DNAs.

PMID- 1099220
TI  - Foreign-body tumorigenesis: in vitro isolation and expansion of preneoplastic
      clonal cell populations.
AB  - Foreign-body reactions were induced in coisogenic CBA/H and CBA/H-T6 mice by sc
      implantation of 15 times 22 times 0.2-mm unplasticized vinyl chloride vinyl
      acetate copolymer films. At 6 months' post implantation, implants and unopened
      tissue capsules were transferred to recipient animals of the T6-different partner
      strain. After another 3 months, part of the film/capsule complex was transferred
      to (C57BL/10ScSn times CBA/H-T6)F1 mice for tumor development. Capsule-derived
      and film-attached cells of the other part were separately cultured. Cultures
      consisting initially of euploid cells were often gradually replaced by different
      cells with specific aneuploid karyotypes which were identical with, or closely
      related to, those of the corresponding tumors. The cultured cells implanted in
      hybrid recipients at different passage numbers frequently gave rise to homologous
      tumors. Hence, it was possible to prepare in vitro cells with prefixed specific
      tumor determinants at different stages of preneoplastic maturation.

PMID- 1099221
TI  - Fat embolism. Report of two cases and review of current concepts.

PMID- 1099222
TI  - Acupuncture: art, science, fact, fiction and politics.

PMID- 1099223
TI  - E. Latunde Odeku, M.D., F.A.C.S., F.I.C.S., 1927-1974. An African pioneer
      neurosurgeon.

PMID- 1099224
TI  - Clinical applications of free flap transfer in the burn patient.
AB  - Free microvascular flap transfer is indicated in situations in which flap
      coverage is required and no local flap is available. The technique of transfer of
      a groin flap based on the superficial circumflex iliac vessels was described. The
      procedure has been applied to two patients with acute electrical burns with
      extensive soft-tissue loss, three patients with scar contractures, and one with
      osteoradionecrosis. Satisfactory results were achieved in all patients. The
      procedure is contraindicated if recipient or donor vessels are abnormal or
      inadequate, and in the face of fulminating infection, general debility, and
      obesity. With scrupulous attention to indications and contraindications, the
      procedure is safe, reliable, and a valuable addition to the surgeon's
      armamentarium.

PMID- 1099225
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the carbon dioxide laser for burn wound excisions: a
      comparison of the laser, scalpel, and electrocautery.
AB  - The use of a 100 watt carbon dioxide laser for surgical excisions of burn eschar
      was evaluated in 13 patients with symmetrical burns. In each patient, laser
      excision was compared with either scalpel or electrocautery excision of a
      comparable area. Graft "take," blood loss, and operative speed were measured.
      Graft "take" following laser excisions was comparable to that obtained when
      either scalpel or electrocautery was used. Regression analysis indicates that
      laser excisions involved 29% of the blood loss encountered with scalpel excisions
      and that laser speed was 1.49 times scalpel speed. Although laser blood loss was
      60% of electrocautery blood loss, laser speed was significantly slower: 73% of
      electrocautery speed. These differences, however, were of small clinical
      consequence. It is felt that the surgical arm of this laser is at present quite
      awkward and is in need of technological refinement if the full potential of the
      laser is to be realized.

PMID- 1099226
TI  - Fat babies: prevalence, perils and prevention.

PMID- 1099227
TI  - [Comparison of the average flow time and renal glow as measured in man using 2
      indicators: indocyanine and erythrocytes marded with 99mTc].

PMID- 1099228
TI  - [Vascular permeability factor in the supernatant of lymphocyte cultures in
      subjects with nephrotic syndrome].

PMID- 1099229
TI  - Regulation of early mRNA synthesis after bacteriophage T4 infection of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Regulation of T4-specific mRNA synthesis was studied during leucine starvation of
      a leucine-requiring stringent Escherichia coli B strain. This was done by
      imposing starvation prior to T4 infection and then letting RNA synthesis proceed
      for different time periods. Rifampin or streptolydigin was added to stop further
      RNA synthesis, and protein synthesis was restored by addition of leucine. Samples
      were withdrawn at different times, and the enzyme-forming capacities found that,
      during conditions which elicit the stringent response in uninfected bacteria,
      immediate early mRNA is not stringently regulated. This conclusion contradicts
      the earlier conclusion of others, obtained by measuring incorporation of
      radioactive uracil; this is explained by  the observation of Edlin and Neuhard
      (1967), confirmed and extended by us to the T4-infected cell, that the
      incorporation of uracil into RNA of a stringent strain is virtually blocked by
      amino acid starvation, whereas that of adenine continues at 30 to 50% of the rate
      seen in the presence of the required amino acid.

PMID- 1099230
TI  - In vitro construction of different oligomeric forms of lambdadv DNA and studies
      of their transforming activities.
AB  - Plasmid lambdadv1, which is in a dimeric form, was converted to a linear monomer
      duplex by the action of EcoRI restriction endonuclease that incises at a unique
      site in this plasmid genome. The resulting products were then joined by
      Escherichia coli DNA ligase to produce molecules with various oligomeric forms,
      and from these monomeric, dimeric, or trimeric circular molecules were purified.
      By transformation of cells with these DNAs, clones were obtained that carried
      lambdadv1 in a monomeric or dimeric form. The former type of clones have not been
      generated in vivo, except for one in a different host strain, and carriers of
      timeric or tetrameric lambdadv1's have not been obtained so far. It was observed
      that a considerable fraction of these oligomeric circular DNAs were converted to
      lower oligomers (e.g., from trimer to dimer) during transformation. The
      characteristics of the monomeric lambdadv1 carriers obtained were compared with
      those of dimeric lambdadv1 carriers. The stabilities of the plasmids of the two
      forms were the same. However, the monomeric plasmid carriers were less tolerant
      to lambdavir phage infection and perpetuated about 30% less plasmid genomes in
      monomer units. Furthermore, dimeric plasmid carriers appeared spontaneously and
      accumulated in cultures of the monomeric lambdadv1 carriers.

PMID- 1099231
TI  - Genetic studies of coliphage P1. I. Mapping by use of prophage deletions.
AB  - One hundred and ten amber mutants of coliphage P1 were isolated and localized
      into groups with respect to the existing genetic map by use of nonpermissive
      Escherichia coli K-12 strains lysogenic for P1 with deletions. These lysogens
      contain one of three types of deletion prophages: P1cry and its derivatives,
      P1dlacs, and P1dpros. Fourteen such lysogens were tested for their ability to
      rescue the amber mutants which were then assigned to one of nine deletion
      segments of the P1 genome defined by the termini of the various prophage
      deletions. The relationship of the nine deletion segments with the published P1
      map is described, two new segments having been added. The deletions of the 14
      prophages overlapped sufficiently to indicate that the P1 genetic prophage map
      should be represented in circular form, which is consistent with the fact that P1
      is normally a circular plasmid in the prophage state. The distribution of mutants
      into deletion segments is nonrandom for at least one segment. In addition, the
      deletion termini of the 14 defective prophages coincided in five out of nine
      regions separating the nine deletion segments. Various possible explanations are
      discussed for the nonrandom recurrence of these deletion termini, including the
      evidence of hot spots of recombination.

PMID- 1099232
TI  - Rifampin inhibition of bacteriophage phiX174 parental replicative-form DNA
      synthesis in an Escherichia coli dnaC mutant.
AB  - The Escherichia coli dnaC protein is not absolutely required in vivo for
      bacteriophage phiX174 parental replicative-form synthesis (Kranias and Dumas,
      1974). However, when rifampin is present at a concentration that inhibits DNA
      dependent RNA polymerase, phiX174 parental replicative-form synthesis is
      dependent on the dnaC protein activity. We conclude that E. coli DNA-dependent
      RNA polymerase can substitute for the dnaC protein in phiX174 parental
      replicative-form DNA synthesis, presumably in its initiation. The implications of
      this result with respect to the in vitro synthesis of the complementary strand of
      phiX174 DNA are discussed.

PMID- 1099233
TI  - Escherichia coli capsule bacteriophages. VII. Bacteriophage 29-host capsular
      polysaccharide interactions.
AB  - Different interactions between particles of Escherichia coli capsule
      bacteriophage 29 and its receptor, the E. coli serotype 29 capsular
      polysaccharide have been studied. The inactivation of phage 29 (8 x 10(3) PFU/ml)
      by isolated host capsular glycan was found to be physiologically insignificant
      (50% inactivation dose equals 100 mug after 1 h at 37 C). No adsorption (less
      than 2 x 10(4) PFU/mug) of the viruses to K29 polysaccharide-coated erythroyctes
      (at 0 or 37 C) was observed either. The phage particles were, however, found to
      catalyze the hydrolysis of beta-D-glucosido-(1leads to 3)-D-glucuronic acid bonds
      (arrow) in the receptor polymer, leading, ultimately, to the formation of a
      mixture of K29 hexasaccharide (one repeating unit), dodecasaccharide, and
      octadecasaccharide: (see article). Testing derivatives of K29 polysaccharide, as
      well as 82 heterologous bacterial (mainly Enteriobactericeae) capsular glycans,
      the viral glycanase was found to be highly specific; in accordance with the host
      range of phage 29, only one enzymatic cross-reaction (with the Klebsiella K31
      polysaccharide) was observed. These and previous results, as well as the electron
      optical findings of M. E. Bayer and H. Thurow (submitted for publication), are
      discussed in terms of a unifying mechanism of phage 29-host capsule interaction.
      We propose that the viruses penetrate the capsules by means of their spike
      associated glycanase activity, which leads them along capsular polysaccharide
      strands to membrane-cell wall adhesions where ejection of the viral genomes
      occurs.

PMID- 1099234
TI  - Identification of bacteriophage T4-specific precursor tRNA by using a host mutant
      defective in the methylation of tRNA.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 that is defective in the synthesis of 5
      methyluridine (ribothymidine) in tRNA was used to identify precursors to phage T4
      specific tRNA. The precursor molecules, isolated by gel filtration, were more
      than twice the size of tRNA. This method is suitable for isolation of rather
      large amounts of such precursor molecules.

PMID- 1099236
TI  - Biological filters.

PMID- 1099235
TI  - Ureteroneocystostomy versus ureteropyelostomy: a comparison in the same renal
      allograft series.
AB  - Of the 132 transplants in our series 44 patients underwent reconstruction by
      ureteropyelostomy (group 1) and 88 underwent reconstruction by
      ureteroneocystostomy (group 2). The rates of major urologic complications were 11
      percent in group 1 and 4 per cent in group 2. These results support the widely
      held opinion that ureteroneocystostomy is the superior method for urinary
      reconstruction in renal allograft cases. However, the alternative of
      ureteropyelostomy should be part of every transplant surgeons' armamentarium,
      especially for cadaver transplants when ureteral blood supply may be compromised.

PMID- 1099237
TI  - Activated sludge.

PMID- 1099238
TI  - Lagoons and oxidation ponds.

PMID- 1099239
TI  - Anaerobic processes.

PMID- 1099240
TI  - Disinfection.

PMID- 1099241
TI  - Industrial wastes. Meat, fish, and poultry processing wastes.

PMID- 1099242
TI  - Fruit, vegetable, and grain processing wastes.

PMID- 1099243
TI  - Fermentation industry-pharmaceuticals, corn, sugar.

PMID- 1099244
TI  - Agricultural wastes.

PMID- 1099245
TI  - Dairy wastes.

PMID- 1099246
TI  - Water pollution. Freshwater macroinvertebrates.

PMID- 1099247
TI  - Eutrophication.

PMID- 1099248
TI  - Microbiology of water.

PMID- 1099249
TI  - Microbiology of waste treatment.

PMID- 1099250
TI  - Oxygen sag and stream purification.

PMID- 1099251
TI  - Marine and estuarine pollution.

PMID- 1099252
TI  - Heavy metals and other trace elements.

PMID- 1099253
TI  - Thermal effects.

PMID- 1099254
TI  - Letter: Treatment of spasticity in multiple sclerosis with dantrolene.

PMID- 1099255
TI  - The science of "pattern recognition".

PMID- 1099256
TI  - Computerized tomography of the head.

PMID- 1099257
TI  - Your National Library of Medicine.

PMID- 1099258
TI  - Limulus lysate test for gram-negative bacterial meningitis. Bedside application.
AB  - The limulus lysate on cerebrospinal fluid was evaluated in 335 infants and
      children as a method for the rapid diagnosis of Gram-negative bacterial
      meningitis. Positive limulus tests were obtained within one hour in 33 of 34
      cases of Hemophilus influenzae meningitis; four additional patients with Gram
      negative meningitis also showed positive limulus lysate tests. Conversely, 13
      patients with Gram-positive bacterial meningitis all yielded negative limulus
      assays. All 48 cases of aseptic meningitis and 236 children with no meningitis
      showed negative limulus assays. Antibiotic therapy prior to hospitalization did
      not vitiate the validity of the test. A bedside adaptation of the limulus test,
      performed by house officers and medical students, showed approximately 98%
      agreement with the laboratory assay.

PMID- 1099259
TI  - Claude Louis Berthollet.

PMID- 1099260
TI  - Editorial: Progress in medical writing (or the lack of it).

PMID- 1099261
TI  - The Johns Hopkins rechargeable pacemaker. Historical aspect.
AB  - Several groups have attempted to develop a clinically usable rechargeable cardiac
      pacemaker. Because of the technical problems, of the 11 reported efforts, only
      one has met with success, the unit developed at the Johns Hopkins University. A
      brief review of rechargeable pacemakers is given, along with a discussion of
      technical problems that required solution before the rechargeable pacemaker could
      be used clinically. The rechargeable pacemaker, because of its size, should
      minimize patient problems of discomfort, cosmesis, and skin erosion. The
      anticipated life of the rechargeable power cell should eliminate the need for
      pulse generator replacement during the patients's lifetime.

PMID- 1099262
TI  - Physician-oriented data processing.

PMID- 1099263
TI  - Exercise-induced asthma. Pharmacological assessment of single drugs and drug
      combinations.
AB  - The relative effectiveness of ephedrine, theophylline, and hydroxyzine
      hydrochloride and their combinations was studied in a two-part investigation of
      16 youths who has asthma and exercise-induced asthma. The beneficial and adverse
      effects of the drugs in the control of asthma were studied in the first part of
      the investigation. Both theophylline and ephedrine were judged superior to
      placebo when given alone. When combined they were somewhat more effective than
      either agent alone, although adverse effects precluded their use in almost half
      of the subjects. The addition of hydroxyzine diminished the side effects
      sufficiently to make the combination acceptable to four subjects who refused to
      take ephedrine/theophylline. In the second part of the study, the relief of
      exercise-induced asthma was evaluated. Ephedrine had no effect, hydroxyzine had a
      weak effect on hastening recovery, but theophylline modified the postexercise
      response significantly. The three drugs together produced an additive effect
      superior to that of theophylline alone.

PMID- 1099264
TI  - Pierre Eugene Marcelin Berthelot.

PMID- 1099265
TI  - [Proceedings: Effects of extrasystole on the left ventricular hemodynamics (1);
      changes of systolic time intervals].

PMID- 1099266
TI  - [Proceedings: Detection of tricuspid regurgitation with thermodilution method].

PMID- 1099267
TI  - [Joint study on oral preanesthetic medication by various institutions--a
      comparative study of nitrazepam, diazepam and a placebo by a double-blind
      method].

PMID- 1099268
TI  - [Respiratory therapy of ambulatory patients in the department of anesthesiology
      long-term therapy of patients with chronic obstructive lung diseases].

PMID- 1099269
TI  - [Transmission of drug-resistance through conjugation in Yersinia enterocolitica
      and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. (II). With special reference to streptomycin
      resistant strains isolated from men and domestic animals (author's transl)].
AB  - Seven strains of Y. enterocolitica, of which 2 strains being resistant to SM, TC
      and SA, 2 to SM and SA 3 to SM, and 3 strains of Y. pseudotuberculosis resistant
      to SM have been isolated from men and domestic animals. Tests were carried out
      with these 10 isolates for transfer of the drug resistance by bacterial
      conjugation, and evidence was obtained for transfer of resistance from 1 SM
      resistant Y. enterocolitica and 2 Y. pseudotuberculosis strains to the sensitive
      E. coli K-12. Moreover, secondary transfer of this resistance to sensitive
      strains of the donor species Y. enterocolitica and Y pseudotuberculosis was also
      demonstrated. The findings indicate the spontaneous occurrence of organisms
      carrying the resistance transfer factor, R(Sm), among the populations of these
      two species in the natural environment.

PMID- 1099270
TI  - [In vitro antibacterial activity of doxycycline and minocycline (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1099271
TI  - [The characteristics of the antibacterial activity of garlic (author's transl)].
AB  - It has been found by Cavallito (1944) that garlic (Allium sativum L.) has a
      strong antibacterial activity and the active principle of garlic is named
      "Allicin" and it has been confirmed by Stoll et al. (1948) that the allicin is
      derived from the alliin-alliinase system. Nevertheless, one worker in Japan
      (1951) stands on another view point which the effective component of garlic is
      some sugar-proteim because he could not find alliin in the native garlic. We
      intend to make sure that the alliin is contained in the native garlic, by using
      Hitachi Amino acid Analyser with Fraction Collecter and compared with garlic of
      other countrys' production. As the result of examinations, we found that the good
      amounts of alliin is contained in the native garlic also. The contents of alliin
      in garlic is varied by the species, the cultivation mode, and the district of
      production. The form of alliin in the tissue is a free style, and thereupon it is
      easy to change its chemical conformation by the method of extraction. We compared
      the relative capacity between 1 allicin unit by Klein (1954) and 1 cup unit by
      Schmidt et al. (1947). Furthermore we tested the antibiotic spectrum, using the
      pure crystallized alliin with the sufficient amount of raw alliinase gained by
      the isoelectric point precipitation and checked upon wide spectrum for
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Gram-positive and negative bacteria, and some fungi.

PMID- 1099272
TI  - [Literature on antibiotics in Japan--136].

PMID- 1099273
TI  - [Foreign literature on antibiotics--110].

PMID- 1099275
TI  - Literatures.

PMID- 1099274
TI  - Multiclinical open studies on the effect of beta-methyldigoxin on congestive
      heart failure with atrial fibrillation.
AB  - Clinical open trials of beta-methyldigoxin were carried out in 15 institutions in
      order to examine the effect, usefulness and ease of its oral administration. In
      the case of oral digitalization with 0.2 mg, 3 times daily, an effect was
      obtained in all of 13 cases of congestive heart failure accompanied by atrial
      fibrillation or flutter. The average time and dose required for digitalization
      were about 50 hours and 1.27 mg respectively. In 9 of the 13 cases, the effect
      was achieved within 48 hours. The average maintenance does of beta-methyldigoxin
      in 102 cases of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation was 0.177 mg
      per day. About 75% of the cases were maintained with 0.15 to 0.2 mg. This range
      of dose of beta-methyldigoxin was much smaller than that of digoxin in our
      series. This can be ascribed to a higher absorption rate of beta-methyldigoxin
      from the digestive tract. Studies on the cases in which patients previously
      treated with other glycosides were switched over to beta-methyldigoxin revealed
      that 1 mg of beta-methyldigoxin is equivalent to 1.8 mg of digoxin or to 0.59 mg
      of digitoxin. The usefulness and ease of beta-methyldigoxin in maintenance was
      evaluated as being somewhat superior to other cardiac glycosides, according to
      the global judgement of the physicians. The observed side effects were similar to
      those of other glycosides in frequency and character.

PMID- 1099276
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 1099278
TI  - [Bibliography of Japanese literature, 1974 (Bibliography)].

PMID- 1099277
TI  - Literature.

PMID- 1099279
TI  - [Literature].

PMID- 1099280
TI  - [Diagnostics-past, present and future (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099281
TI  - [A study on the nature of Corynebacterium acnes (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099282
TI  - Proceedings: Bacteriophages and toxigenicity in Clostridium botulinum types C and
      D.

PMID- 1099283
TI  - Proceedings: Clostridium botulinum type A, B, E and F 12S toxins.

PMID- 1099284
TI  - Proceedings: Cholera-like enterotoxin produced by Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1099285
TI  - Proceedings: Extraction, purification, and biophysico-chemical characteristics of
      a "Kanagawa phenomenon"-associated hemolytic factor of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

PMID- 1099286
TI  - Microbial adjuvant and autoimmunity. I. Induction of antibody responses to
      syngeneic tissue extracts in mice treated with capsular polysaccharide of
      Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AB  - With the use of the capsular polysaccharide of Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPS-K) as a
      powerful adjuvant, high precipitin responses could be induced in mice to
      syngeneic eyeball extracts and thyroid gland extracts which were normally
      nonimmunogenic. Only very weak responses were induced to eyeball extracts by
      Freund's complete adjuvant. Repeated administrations of the antigens mixed with
      CPS-K at time intervals of 30 days (more than twice for the eyeballs or more than
      three times for the thyroid glands) were required for induction of high
      precipitin responses. Antibody responses detectable by the immunofluorescent
      technique could be induced to syngeneic lymphoid tissue extracts by injecting the
      mixture of antigen and CPS-K more than five times at time intervals of 30 days.
      These findings suggest that repeated stimulation by autoantigens together with
      such a strong adjuvant as CPS-K can terminate natural tolerance against
      autoantigens.

PMID- 1099287
TI  - Arginine gene cluster of Serratia marcescens.
AB  - Biochemical and genetic studies on the arginine-requiring auxotrophs derived from
      a Serratia marcescens strain were carried out. The arg mutants were classified
      into seven biochemical groups based on their growth response to five precursors
      of arginine biosynthesis and enzyme deficiency. Reciprocal transduction tests
      among these arg mutants divided them into three linkage groups, and the fine
      mapping in each of the groups by two- or three-point crosses revealed the
      following arrangement of loci. (1) arg44-thy11-lys1; (2) met1-glt2-argE-(arg19
      arg51)-arg120-argG-argH; (3) arg33-pyr4. Five of the seven biochemically distinct
      arg mutants belonged to the second linkage group, and they constituted an agr
      gene cluster. A characteristic feature of the arg-gene cluster of S. marcescens
      is that it involves argG, which was previously reported only in the Proteus group
      of Enterobacteriaceae.

PMID- 1099288
TI  - Chemical studies on the cell walls of Leptorspira biflexa strain Urawa and
      Treponema pallidum strain Reiter.
AB  - The preparation and chemical properties of the cell walls of Leptospira biflexa
      Urawa and Treponema pallidum Reiter are described. Both cell walls are composed
      mainly of polysaccharides and peptidoglycans. The data of chemical analysis
      indicate that the cell wall of L. biflexa Urawa contains rhamnose, arabinose,
      xylose, mannose, galactose, glucose and unidentified sugars as neutral sugars,
      and alanine, glutamic acid, alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid, glucosamine and
      muramic acid as major amino acids and amino sugars. As major chemical
      constituents of the cell wall of T. pallidum Reiter, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose,
      mannose, galactose, glucose, alanine, glutamic acid, ornithine, glycine,
      glucosamine and muramic acid have been detected. The chemical properties of
      protein and polysaccharide fractions prepared from the cells of T. pallidum
      Reiter were also partially examined.

PMID- 1099289
TI  - Bacteriocidal action of hydroxyurea on Escherichia coli K12 recA.

PMID- 1099290
TI  - [Analysis of regional 133 Xe washout curve of the lung - use of a simulation
      model].

PMID- 1099291
TI  - [Experiments in lung transplantation].

PMID- 1099293
TI  - George Gross Finney, Jr. 1925--1975.

PMID- 1099292
TI  - Contributions of the part-time staff of The Johns Hopkins Hospital: Moore, King
      and Gay.

PMID- 1099294
TI  - [Achievements of Polish cardiology in the field of research on arteriosclerosis
      and myocardial infarct during the 30 years of the Polish People's Republic].

PMID- 1099295
TI  - [Hemodynamic changes in pulmonary hypertension].

PMID- 1099296
TI  - Acquiescent renal infection.
AB  - The relationship between bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma with
      Escherichia coli and the establishment of pathologic lesions has been investigate
      experimentally.  Infection was established in one kidney and the bacteriologic,
      pathologic and immunologic features of infection were compared in the
      pyelonephritic and contralateral unmanipulated kidney.  Whereas active bacterial
      infection was associated with pathologic changes in the pyelonephritic kidney, a
      poor correlation was found between bacterial growth and the gross pathology and
      histopathologic changes in the contralateral kidney.  The conclusion from these
      studies is that infection of the kidney is not always associated with pathologic
      changes.  The term "acquiescent infection" has been used to describe this host
      parasite relationship in which active, persistent, bacterial infection is not
      associated with pathologic lesions.  Evidence is presented that bacteria in the
      contralateral unmanipulated kidney are present in the renal parenchyma and that
      bacterial proliferation can be induced following renal trauma.  Activation of
      infection and bacterial proliferation did not always result in histopathologic
      damage to the kidney and was not associated with an increase in serum antibody.

PMID- 1099297
TI  - Editorial: An evaluation of the pathogenesis of gouty kidney.

PMID- 1099298
TI  - Effects of calcium and phosphorus on patients maintained on dialysis.

PMID- 1099299
TI  - Shortened red blood cell survival in uremic patients: beneficial and deleterious
      effects of dialysis.

PMID- 1099300
TI  - Uremic pericarditis: a review of incidence and management.

PMID- 1099301
TI  - Cardiovascular disease in uremic patients on hemodialysis.
AB  - In conclusion, patients on chronic maintenance dialysis have an increased
      incidence of death from cardiovascular disease. Hypertension plays a major role,
      and these patients must be carefully monitored for complete control of blood
      pressure. Adequacy of ultrafiltration to maintain normal extracellular volume is
      an essential part of the dialytic treatment. Hypertensive patients should be
      screened for excessive renin secretion because of its possible role in
      unresponsive hypertension in patients on dialysis. Nephrectomy should be used
      when necessary, where dialysis and antihypertensive medication have not
      adequately controlled blood pressure. Patients must be monitored for the presence
      of pericardial disease to avoid subsequent pericardial effusion and the
      development of constrictive pericarditis with its adverse effect on myocardial
      function. When constrictive pericarditis is present, it obviously should be
      relieved by appropriate surgery. Efforts should be made to minimize cardiac
      output in hemodialysis patients. Whether or not routine transfusions to maintain
      a higher hematocrit are indicated is a question that cannot yet be answered.
      However, patients with marginal cardiovascular function who are accepted on
      hemodialysis and must have an arteriovenous shunt should be supported in any
      manner to minimize an increase in cardiac output. Early and aggressive treatment
      of known episodes of sepsis is important in the elimination of valvular
      endocarditis in this patient population. Perhaps one of the finer indicators of
      adequacy of hemodialysis will be K rate and peak immunoreactive insulin levels.
      Continued abnormality of these parameters may contribute to cardiovascular
      disease. Clearly, further study of the effect of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism
      on lipid metabolism is in order. Serum triglyceride, serum cholesterol and lipid
      electrophoretic pattern should be followed to evaluate the beneficial effects of
      drug therapy and changes in dialytic technique on the development of
      cardiovascular disease. Careful monitoring of calcium, phosphorus, bone films and
      parathyroid hormone levels is indicated to assess parathyroid status. The use of
      aluminum binders and parathyroidectomy to prevent vascular and myocardial
      calcification is important in the therapy of these patients. The use of cardiac
      catheterization, coronary artery arteriography, and possibly cardiac vascular
      repair, should be considered in the chronic hemodialysis patient with coronary
      artery disease if he is otherwise well. Adequacy of hemodialysis perhaps can be
      evaluated through its effect on all of the above parameters. Whether or not
      changes in artificial kidney treatments can correct the final vascular disease
      remains to be seen.

PMID- 1099302
TI  - Hypertension of chronic renal failure: role of sodium and the renal pressor
      system.

PMID- 1099304
TI  - Artificial Kidney-Chronic Uremia Program: plans for cooperative clinical trials.

PMID- 1099303
TI  - Selection of patients for experimental dialysis studies.

PMID- 1099305
TI  - Protein and amino acid metabolism in uremic patients undergoing maintenance
      hemodialysis.

PMID- 1099306
TI  - Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations for chronic hemodialysis.

PMID- 1099307
TI  - Calorie intake and growth in uremia.

PMID- 1099308
TI  - Vitamin nutrition in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

PMID- 1099309
TI  - Effect of progressive end-stage renal insufficiency on bone mineral-collagen
      maturation.

PMID- 1099310
TI  - The urea cycle in uremia.

PMID- 1099311
TI  - New perspectives on pathogenesis and treatment of rejection in kidney
      transplantation.

PMID- 1099312
TI  - Renal transplantation in mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN):
      relationship between the high frquency of recurrent glomerulonephritis and
      hypocomplementemia.

PMID- 1099313
TI  - Alterations of monoamine oxidas activity in uremia.

PMID- 1099314
TI  - Evidence for toxins of "middle" molecular weight.

PMID- 1099315
TI  - Selective dialysis for removal of large solutes: a reappraisal.

PMID- 1099316
TI  - Gastrosorbents in the therapy of uremia: inferences from intestinal loop
      dialysis.

PMID- 1099317
TI  - Microencapsulated adsorbent hemoperfusion for uremia, intoxication and hepatic
      failure.

PMID- 1099318
TI  - Adsorbent hemoperfusion: nonbiological particulate matter.

PMID- 1099319
TI  - Activated carbon fibers in hemoperfusion devices.

PMID- 1099320
TI  - The past, present and future of home dialysis.

PMID- 1099321
TI  - [Organization of medical service to the troops during the Great Patriotic War and
      its development under present-day conditions].

PMID- 1099322
TI  - [Peridural anesthesia in clinical practice (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1099323
TI  - [Development of Soviet military surgery during the years of Soviet rule].

PMID- 1099324
TI  - [Errors and hazards in treatment of patients with intestinal fistulas].

PMID- 1099325
TI  - [Stomach perforation in volvulus].

PMID- 1099326
TI  - [Stomach volvulus (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1099327
TI  - [Spontaneous rupture of the esophagus (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1099328
TI  - [Problems of diagnosis and treatment of parasitic diseases discussed in the
      journal "Chirurgiia" (on the 50th anniversary of the Journal)].

PMID- 1099329
TI  - [Karl Reier (1846-1890), outstanding Russian military surgeon].

PMID- 1099330
TI  - [Method of suturing the duodenal stump].

PMID- 1099331
TI  - [Lethal complications in acute appendicitis caused by tactical errors of
      surgeons].

PMID- 1099332
TI  - [Microsurgery in cataract].

PMID- 1099333
TI  - [Visual field changes in glaucoma examined by means of electronic computer
      technics].

PMID- 1099334
TI  - [Status of the visual system in patients with transplanted kidneys].

PMID- 1099335
TI  - Immunosuppression in rabbits: skin and kidney allografts.
AB  - Both skin and kidney allografts were at least partially protected from rejection
      by daily treatment with 1-0 mg/kg of prednisolone acetate. Azathioprine,
      cyclophosphamide, antilymphocytic serum, and attempts to produce a tolerant state
      with prior grafting of specific donor antigen, all failed to alter the course of
      rejection.

PMID- 1099336
TI  - Endothelial injury induced by thrombin or thrombi.
AB  - A variety of blood constituents was injected into an isolated segment of rabbit
      aorta to determine which elements might be involved in early endothelial injury.
      Test materials consisted of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) alone; PRP plus adenosine
      diphosphate (ADP); PRP plus tendon extract; PRP plus thrombin; ultrasonicated PRP
      alone; platelet-poor plasma alone; and thrombin in saline. Each experimental
      mixture was left in the aorta for 15 minutes, followed by reflow for 20 minutes.
      The vessel was then fixed by glutaraldehyde perfusion. Thick sections of the
      entire circumference of the aorta were taken for phase contrast microscopy and
      representative arease were selected for electron microscopy. In control PRP
      alone, platelet-poor plasma alone and with PRP plus ADP there were occasional
      subendothelial vesicles. When PRP plus thrombin and platelet-poor plasma plus
      thrombin were injected separately to form a thrombus or when thrombin in saline
      was used, there was extensive subendothelial vesiculation with focal ulceration
      and adherence of thrombus to endothelium. Severe injury was associated with the
      presence of thrombin initiating the polymerization of fibrinogen to fibrin.
      Electron micrographs demonstrate the earliest lesion as a disruption of the
      superficial fibrilliary elastica with separation of overlying endothelium.

PMID- 1099337
TI  - A controlled sequential morphologic study of hyperacute cardiac allograft
      rejection in the rat.
AB  - A series of heterotopic cardiac allografts from ACI strain rat donors to ACI skin
      presensitized Lewis strain recipients was examined by light and electron
      microscopy at intervals from 1 minute to 24 hours for a sequential morphologic
      study of hyperacute rejection. Syngeneic Lewis hearts grafts in ACI skin
      presensitized Lewis recipients provided controls. Extensive platelet aggregation
      throughout the vasculature of the allografts in the presence of a largely intact
      endothelium was the initial morphologic event, which was present by 1 minute
      posttransplant and absent in all syngeneic controls. This was followed by
      widespread endothelial damage. Endothelial damage preceded neutrophil margination
      and emigration in the graft. Neutrophil degranulation or evidence of phagocytosis
      was not observed within the 1st hour. At 6 and 24 hours, degranulated forms were
      common and apparent extrusion of granule contents with progressive ischemic
      injury. Segmental occlusion of the vasculature by platelet plugs and progressive
      disruption and loss of capillaries combined with an increase in permeability may
      result in myocardial ischemia. Neutrophil-derived agents do not appear to be of
      major significance in hyperacute rejection during the early posttransplant phase,
      but may play a role in mediating myocardial injury if the allograft survives for
      alonger period. However, on morphologic grounds, it is suggested that
      microcirculatory hypoperfusion with resultant ischemia is a major determinant of
      myocardial damage and graft function. No significant change was noted over the
      observation period in peripheral neutrophil or platelet counts when compared to
      syngeneic controls, and a slight reudction in specific cytotoxic antibody titer
      in the allografts was immediate but very transient.

PMID- 1099338
TI  - Perinatal reactions of the rabbit lung to maternal endotoxemia.
AB  - The reactions of the fetal and newborn lung to in utero injury were investigated
      in rabbits using as a model maternal administration of Escherichia coli
      endotoxin, 2 to 4 mug per kg. of body weight, injected intravenously at the 29th
      gestational day. At 6 hours after endotoxin injection, the lung revealed diffuse
      alveolar damage-sparing type II cells which appeared resistant to injury but more
      mature than type II cells from control lungs. These changes were followed by a
      reparative phase which over a 2-day period resulted in increased interstitial
      cellularity, replacement of the damaged type I cells by proliferated type II
      cells, and marked intraalveolar accumulation of myelin figures. The above
      reactions were associated with an average increase of 100 per cent in the
      phospholipid content of the surfactant fraction isolated from lung washing.
      Postnatally, the lungs showed structural changes resembling those seen in hyaline
      membrane disease of the newborn. The findings suggest that the response of the
      alveolar epithelim to injury inudced late in gestation follows a pattern similar
      to that described previously in adult lung, and is assoicated with in utero
      increased release of surfactant. It is proposed that alveolar injury and repair,
      including reduction of the intracellular surfactant reservoir occurring prior to
      breathing, may interfere postnatally with formation and maintenance of a normal
      surfactant layer, thereby predisposing to respiratory distress.

PMID- 1099339
TI  - Comments on operations for lower limb lymphoedema.
AB  - Good results have been obtained from surgical operations for lymphoedema of the
      lower limbs using skin flaps with a blood supply to cover the muscles following
      reduction of swollen subcutaneous tissue. The Charles operation using free skin
      grafts for cover is reserved for tropical elephantiasis or patients with local
      skin in bad condition. A variety of other procedures of physiologic intent have
      given disappointing results and been abandoned. The results of 74 operations are
      reviewed with a view to improving still further the results. The mortality rate
      was nil and there were only minor complications.

PMID- 1099340
TI  - Surgery of the biliary tract.

PMID- 1099341
TI  - Current concepts of gallstone formation.

PMID- 1099342
TI  - Surgery of the aged. Management of respiratory problems.

PMID- 1099343
TI  - Symposium on gastrointestinal research. Preface, (C.F. Code, M.D.).

PMID- 1099344
TI  - Charlie Code: Reminiscences.

PMID- 1099345
TI  - The chemicals that activate the "on" switches of the oxyntic cell.

PMID- 1099346
TI  - Sliding esophageal hiatal hernia and reflux peptic esophagitis.
AB  - The past two decades have seen outstanding contributions to our knowledge of the
      physiology of the esophagus, particularly of the lower esophageal sphincter. The
      clinical syndrome of reflux peptic esophagitis has been clearly delineated and is
      now well recognized. Although the relationship of the lower esophageal sphincter
      failure, which causes sliding esophageal hiatal hernia, remains obscure,
      successful hiatal herniorrhaphy by a variety of methods produces satisfactory
      clinical results in a majority of patients. There is a significant failure rate
      in all methods and a morbidity clearly related to operative intervention.
      Additive surgery such as vagotomy and pyloroplasty is not useful in preventing
      recurrence and is associated with increased morbidity. Peptic strictures with
      firm, fibrous stenosis can be satisfactorily treated in most cases with the Thal
      fundic patch to widen the lumen and Nissen fundoplication to prevent further
      gastroesophageal reflux.

PMID- 1099347
TI  - Effects of parathyroid hormone on renal function.
AB  - Parathyroid hormone has been recognized as an important factor in the regulation
      of renal function since the 1920s. Early investigations mainly characterized the
      role of the hormone in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Subsequently,
      significant contributions have been made to the understanding of the influence of
      parathyroid hormone on acid-base balance and amino acid excretion. The following
      is a review of the effects of parathyroid hormone in the regulation of renal
      function with special emphasis on new developments.

PMID- 1099348
TI  - The use of computerized transaxial tomography in the diagnosis of tuberous
      sclerosis.
AB  - Computerized transaxial tomography is a useful test for the recognition of
      tuberous sclerosis when this diagnosis has not been firmly established by
      clinical methods. In addition, computerized transaxial tomography may demonstrate
      the location of obstruction in patients with tuberous sclerosis who have
      developed signs of increased intracranial presure. These generalizations are
      supported by evidence from four patients investigated by this test.

PMID- 1099349
TI  - [Ernst Kretscher--great pioneer of current clinical psychiatry (10th anniversary
      of his death)].

PMID- 1099350
TI  - [In memory of Vuka Branislavijevic-Cabrinovic, M.D].

PMID- 1099351
TI  - [In memory of Prof. Momcilo Vucicevic].

PMID- 1099352
TI  - [In memory of Cedomil Draskovic, M.D].

PMID- 1099353
TI  - [In memory of Hajrira Hujic-Voljevica, M.D].

PMID- 1099354
TI  - The peripheral action of the thyroid hormones.

PMID- 1099355
TI  - Adverse effects of iodides on thyroid function.
AB  - The administration of pharmacologic quantities of iodine such as iodides for the
      treatment of pulmonary disease, organic iodine present in medications and x-ray
      contrast dyes, and the ingestion of iodine-rich natural foods, may result in
      goiter, hypothyroidism, or hyperthyroidism, especially in patients with
      underlying thyroid disease. Medications containing iodide may induce
      hypothroidism in euthyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 131I or
      surgically treated Graves' disease, or following hemithyroidectomy for nodules;
      and they may induce hyperthyroidism in patients with endemic iodine-deficient
      goiter, autonomous nodules or nontoxic nodular goiter, or in patients recently
      treated with antithyroid drugs for Graves' disease. Rarely, hypothyroidism or
      hyperthyroidism may develop in patients with completely normal thyroid function
      during administration of iodide. The etiology of iodide-induced goiter and
      hypothyroidism in patients with cystic fibrosis remains obscure. Iodide-induced
      myxedema may also occur in patients receiving drugs which alter thyroid function,
      such as lithium, phenazone, and sulfisoxazole. Finally, iodides do have a role in
      the treatment of hyperthyroidism but their use should probably be restricted to
      thyroid storm, preoperative preparation of the hyperthyroid patient, and
      following 131I treatment.

PMID- 1099356
TI  - The thyroid in pregnancy.

PMID- 1099357
TI  - Thyroid function in the fetus and newborn.

PMID- 1099358
TI  - Gonadal steroids and gonadotropins in hyperthyroidism.
AB  - Gynecomastia occurs in about 20 to 40 per cent of men with hyperthyroidism. Serum
      concentrations of total estradiol-17beta, total testosterone, and luteinizing
      hormone are supranormal in these patients. Serum concentration of SHBG is also
      high in hyperthyroidism. This can explain the high serum testosterone,
      essentially completely but not the high serum estradiol-17beta; thus, whereas
      serum unbound testosterone is normal, serum unbound estradiol-17beta is above
      normal in hyperthyroid men. This balance in relative concentrations of unbound
      gonadal steroids is apparently quite favorable to the development of gynecomastia
      in hyperthyroidism. Increased peripheral tissue metabolism of androgens to
      estrogens seems to be the major factor responsible for high estradiol-17beta in
      hyperthyroidism; increased glandular secretion of estradiol-17beta may also be
      important. The mechanism of hypomenorrhea or amenorrhea in hyperthyroidism
      remains unclear. Changes in circulating estrogens, androgens, and  luteinizing
      hormone in hyperthyroid women are similar to those in hyperthyroid men. The mid
      cycle ovulatory peak of luteinizing hormone may be blunted in patients with
      scanty periods whereas it may be altogether absent in those with amenorrhea.

PMID- 1099359
TI  - Thyroid-catecholamine interactions.

PMID- 1099360
TI  - Anemia in thyroid diseases.
AB  - Thyroid hormones generally stimulate erythropoiesis. These agents also increase
      erythrocyte 2,3-DPG concentrations, which serve to enhance the delivery of oxygen
      to tissues. In the absence of thyroid hormones, anemia frequently develops and
      may be normocytic, hypochromic-microcytic, or macrocytic. Anemia is an uncommon
      finding in hyperthyroidism but when present may be morphologically similar to
      that observed in hypothyroidism. Pernicious anemia has been strongly associated
      with hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, and thyroiditis. Complete correction of
      anemia often requires restoration of thyroid function as well as specific
      hematinic therapy. Continued attention to hematologic status is essential in the
      management of patients with thyroid diseases.

PMID- 1099361
TI  - Thyroid hormone therapy.

PMID- 1099362
TI  - Thyroiditis: current views of pathogenesis.
AB  - From indirect and circumstantial evidence it would appear that subacute
      thyroiditis is probably a viral infection of the thyroid gland. The thyroid may
      respond in the stereotyped manner to any one of a number of viruses. Despite the
      available evidence, however, the viral theory has yet to be finally proven.
      Autoimmunity does not appear to be a primary factor in the initiation of subacute
      thyroiditis, although transient immunologic responses occur as a secondary
      phenomenon. Autoimmune thyroiditis, on the other hand, is almost certainly a
      primary immunologic disease, and likely is due to a specific inherited defect in
      immunologic control. It would appear that both cell-mediated immunity and humoral
      immunity (i.e., T and B lymphocytes) are necessary for the full expression of
      this disorder.

PMID- 1099363
TI  - Graves' disease.

PMID- 1099364
TI  - Plummer's disease.

PMID- 1099365
TI  - Thyroid carcinoma.

PMID- 1099367
TI  - [Phage typing of Proteus mirabilis].

PMID- 1099366
TI  - [Resistance to antibiotics such as furazolidone and sulfathiazole of S.
      typhimurium and S. enteritidis strains isolated from humans and animals in 1960
      1973].

PMID- 1099368
TI  - [Bumetanide--a new potent diuretic for oral and intravenous use].

PMID- 1099369
TI  - Treatment of carcinoma of the base of the tongue and the larynx.
AB  - Cancer of the base of the tongue and the larynx is usually treated primarily with
      irradiation to 6,000 rads. Persistence of tumor after irradiation is common and
      requires a logical, thoughtful approach designed to augment all tissues removed.
      Careful preoperative planning and the use of the lateral approach to the base of
      the tongue, in conjunction with pharyngostome and laryngostome formation allows
      wide resection of the cancer. Preservation of the function of speech and
      swallowing, and preservation of the mandibular contour are important, and
      correlate closely with carotid artery protection. Five different methods of
      approach to the problem are analyzed and presented.

PMID- 1099370
TI  - Protection of the carotid artery in radical neck dissection.

PMID- 1099371
TI  - A simplification of the mouse foot-pad infection using Mycobacterium leprae from
      skin scrapes.

PMID- 1099372
TI  - Treatment of plantar ulcers with split skin grafts: a simplified method.

PMID- 1099373
TI  - Field workers' forum. Biopsies in leprosy.

PMID- 1099374
TI  - Letter: Nasal mucosa as the portal exit of mycobacterium leprae.

PMID- 1099375
TI  - [Hospital "Saluti" in Novi Marof].

PMID- 1099376
TI  - [Various important problems in kidney transplantation from cadaver].

PMID- 1099377
TI  - [Prof. Karlo Pansini M.D. (Apr 24, 1915 - Mar 3, 1975)].

PMID- 1099378
TI  - [Prof. Atif Maglajlic M.D. (Apr 17, 1926 - Mar 9, 1975)].

PMID- 1099379
TI  - Vagal influences on hypothalamic self-stimulation in the cat.

PMID- 1099380
TI  - Action of drugs on microtubules.

PMID- 1099381
TI  - Roles of RNases in cellular regulatory mechanisms.

PMID- 1099382
TI  - Effects of bacteriophage M13 infection upon phospholipid and fatty acid
      compositions of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Escherichia coli K38 were grown and infected with wild type and amber mutants of
      bacteriophage M13 in the early log phase. Lipid compositions of the infected and
      healthy cultures, grown under identical conditions, were determined 2 hr after
      infection. From the results, it was observed that total lipid and total
      phospholipid content remained nearly constant, suggesting that the cell membrane
      which contained the maximum phospholipids was not damaged by the infection.
      Moreover, the percentage of diphosphatidylglycerol and lyso- compounds
      corresponding to phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol increased,
      while phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol decreased. The increase
      in lyso- compounds may be due to the relase of phospholipase A2 (a periplasmic
      enzyme) from the cell wall after damage by the infection. Bacteriophage M13
      infection had no effect on the fatty acid compostion of the phospholipids.

PMID- 1099383
TI  - [Significance of lymphography in the detection of metastases of bone tumors].

PMID- 1099384
TI  - [Radioangiography with subtraction in the diagnosis of tumors and inflammation of
      the bone].

PMID- 1099385
TI  - The application of a micro-elution technique using anti-human globulin for the
      detection of the S, s, K, Fya, Fyb and Jka antigens in stains.

PMID- 1099386
TI  - Disclosing the bewitched by serological methods.

PMID- 1099387
TI  - Ultrastructure of rat lungs following exposure to o-chlorobenzylidene
      malononitrile (CS).

PMID- 1099388
TI  - [Adalberto Pazzini (2-23-1898--5-10-1975)].

PMID- 1099389
TI  - [The goddess Angizzia and serpents in the religion of The Marches: remaining
      popular traditions].

PMID- 1099390
TI  - [Surgery in epilepsy. Historical and evolutive notes].

PMID- 1099391
TI  - [History of science and epistemology (in the controversy between K.R.Popper. T.
      S. Kuhn and P. K. Feyerabend)].

PMID- 1099392
TI  - [Historical and current considerations on food frauds].

PMID- 1099393
TI  - [The scientific methodology of Louis Pasteur in the light of the advanced
      epistemology of Karl R. Popper].

PMID- 1099395
TI  - [Rational bacteriologic urine analysis in general practice].

PMID- 1099394
TI  - [The effect of a lipid-reducing clofibrate-inositolnicotinate combination
      compared to clofibrate. A double-blind study].

PMID- 1099396
TI  - [In memory of Karl Matthes].

PMID- 1099397
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of heart valve diseases].

PMID- 1099398
TI  - [Malaria tropica--diagnosis and diagnostic errors].

PMID- 1099399
TI  - Coccidioidomycosis in compromised hosts. Experience at Stanford University
      Hospital.
AB  - To determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of infection with
      Coccidioides immitis in immunosuppressed patients at Stanford University
      Hospital, clinical records of 14 years were examined. Thirteen cases met the
      diagnostic criteria. Half had Hodgkin's disease. In six the infection was
      disseminated; five of the six died early in the course of their infectious
      illness, frequently without diagnosis. Conclusions include: 1. The occurrence of
      coccidioidomycosis in immunosuppressed patients seen at institutions in or
      adjacent to the endemic area is not as rare as the literature suggests. 2.
      Dissemination is frequently explosive and the radiographic appearance of
      pulmonary involvement may appear late. Widespread pulmonary dissemination may
      occur within 24 hours after a negative x-ray. 3. Although the skin test loses its
      diagnostic value, the serology remains valid. Thus immunosuppressed patients with
      febrile illnesses (with or without radiographically evident pulmonary
      involvement) who have a history of travel to an endemic area should have
      serological examinations. 4. Lymphocytopenia correlates with risk of
      dissemination of coccidioidomycosis. 5. The administration of immunsuppressive
      chemotherapy correlates with such risk while radiotherapy and the malignant or
      non-malignant nature of the disease do not.

PMID- 1099400
TI  - Cytochrome pigments in Mycobacterium leprae isolated from armadillos (Dasypus
      novemcinctus L.).
AB  - The bacilli were isolated from granulomata harvested from armadillos. Cytochrome
      systems in whole cell suspensions as well as in cell-free extracts were examined
      spectrophotometrically. The intact cells contained cytochromes of the a+b3, b and
      c type which were found to be present mainly in the reduced form. The cytochrome
      systems in cell-free extracts of M. leprae were in the oxidized form but
      contained the same type of cytochromes as the intact bacteria. The presence of
      cytochromes was easily detectable in the anaerobically-reduced (no substrate
      added) as well as in the dithionite- or succinate-reduced minus O2-oxidized
      difference spectra. The dithionite-reduced plus CO minus reduced difference
      spectra exhibited cytochromes a3 and o monoxide binding pigments.

PMID- 1099401
TI  - Specific antibodies and heterologous antigensin monofactor sera.
AB  - A concentrated monofactor serum 9 (Wellcome lot K 8028) precipitated against
      proteins from 2 different strains of Salmonella enteritidis and from a strain of
      S. dublin, as well as against the proteinic moiety of the somatic antigen from S.
      typhi 0 901; no polysaccharide from the strains, sharing factor 9, precipitated
      against this serum. A concentrated monofactor serum 20 (Wellcome lot K 6733)
      precipitated against the proteins from S. emek (8, 20), but not against its
      polysaccharide. A monofactor serum 8 (Wellcome lot K 7801), different from a lot
      previously analysed (Wellcome lot K 6860), precipitated against the same proteins
      as the previous lot, but, in addition, precipitated strongly against the
      polysaccharide of S, newport (6.8) and weakly with the polysaccharide of S. emek
      too. According to these and previous results, it is not clear what sort of
      antibodies responsible for cross-agglutination are absorbed by the heterologous
      strains used in the operations. Since more often than not antipolysaccharide
      antibodies were not found in concentrated monofactor sera, it may be that just
      the antipolysaccharides. All the monofactor sera so far analysed (Wellcome)
      1,2,4,5,8,9,20 are full of proteins left by the bacteria used for absorptions;
      due to these proteins, the presence of which may be meaningless for the
      agglutinations, strong precipitations in agar-gel were obtained between
      monofactor sera and different antibacterial and anti-protein sera containing
      antibodies induced against the corresponding free proteins.

PMID- 1099402
TI  - Investigation into pyruvate kinases from Escherichia coli K-12 grown under
      aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
AB  - Two forms of anaerobic Escherichia coli K-12 pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) were
      separated by ammonium sulphate fractionations. Pyruvate kinases I is allosteric
      and pyruvate kinase II is non-allosteric to phosphoenolpyruvate. The addition of
      1 mM FDP reversed the allostery to normal Michaelis-Menten kinetics. AMP had no
      effect, whereas 8 mM ATP completely inhibited the enzyme. The enzyme showed
      normal kinetics with ADP as substrate. Mg2+ and Mn2+ stimulated whereas Cu2+
      severely inhibited the enzyme, which could be reversed by the addition of 1 mM
      FDP. Citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate and alanine inhibited the
      enzyme, whereas phenylalanine had no effect. The allosteric pyruvate kinase from
      aerobic cultures was not only activated by FDP, but also by AMP. FDP changed Km
      and Vmax, whereas AMP influenced only the Km. During aerobic-anaerobic
      transition, pyruvate kinase synthesis increases and reaches a maximum under
      anaerobic conditions. The degree of FDP activation remains constant, but AMP
      activation is lost during transition. Aerobic cultures of E. coli K-12 grown on
      gluconeogenic substrates exhibited pyruvate kinase II activity (non-allosteric),
      which was stimulated by FDP and by AMP. It has been suggested that E. coli may
      have two types of pyruvate kinase II depending on the substrate and two types of
      pyruvate kinase I depending on oxygen tension in the medium.

PMID- 1099404
TI  - Soft tissue coverage of the lower extremities.

PMID- 1099403
TI  - Dilute performic acid--a versatile and easily to handle oxidant in general
      histology and histochemistry of structure bound sulphur compounds.
AB  - Performic acid normally leads to frequent and nearly inevitable detaching of
      commonly attached tissue sections, thus rendering such methods unrecommendable
      for histological and histochemical routine work. By the use of alcohol dilute
      solutions instead of the crude reagent, this problem can be managed easily.
      Special attention is drawn to the ambiguity of methods for tissue sulphur, based
      on the demonstration of oxidation induced strong basophilia.

PMID- 1099405
TI  - [Intravital accumulation of acriflavine in mitochondria of yeast organisms].
AB  - Acriflavine, a fluorochrome of the acridine series, inducing cytoplasmic
      mutations in yeast organisms, at low concentrations (0.25 to 2.50 mcg/ml) in the
      growth medium, is selectively accumulated in the mitochondria in which it forms
      complexes with nucleic acids. This binding of acriflavine to nucleic acids in the
      mitochondria has almost no effect on the cell viability though their respiratory
      activity decreases at these concentrations by 70 percent, and the activity of
      fermentation increases by 15 to 20 percent.

PMID- 1099406
TI  - [New variant of the method for direct count of bacteria in water].
AB  - Direct counting of the bacteria in water is suggested to be done by means of the
      pitch limit stop of the microscope tube made as a washer with stop pins.

PMID- 1099407
TI  - [Effect of heliomycin on protein and nucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli].
AB  - Heliomycin at a concentration of 100 mcg/ml had almost no effect on the growth of
      Escherichia coli, which was inhibited only upon the combined action of heliomycin
      and ethanol that facilitated the penetration of the antibiotic into the cell.
      Heliomycin inhibited in these conditions the synthesis of RNA and had no effect
      on the synthesis of DNA in the three studied strains of E. coli. The synthesis of
      protein either was not inhibited by heliomycin at all or was inhibited only to a
      small extent.

PMID- 1099408
TI  - [Production and biological properties of L-like mutants (11r) of Escherichia
      coli].
AB  - Treatment of the strains of E. coli K12 with the mutagen N-nitroso-N-methylurea
      yielded mutants with the morphology similar to that of stable penicillin L-forms.
      Studies of the biological properties of the cultures have shown that the mutation
      of the gen 11r increases the susceptibility to antibiotics of various action
      spectra, ionic and non-ionic detergents and the resistance to UV and gamma
      radiation. Biochemical analysis of peptidoglycan from the cell walls of the
      parent bacterial cultures and L-mutants revealed no differences in its chemical
      composition.

PMID- 1099409
TI  - [Ecology of the obligate thermophilic bacteria].
AB  - The obligate thermophilic non-sporeforming bacterium Thermus ruber, isolated from
      the thermal springs of Kamchatka at temperatures of 60 to 90 degrees C (Loginova
      et al.,1974), has a high lytic activity towards the living and dead cells of
      Escherichia coli and Micrococcus lysodeikticus.

PMID- 1099410
TI  - [50th anniversary of the Department of Microbiology, Moscow State University].

PMID- 1099411
TI  - Justin Paul Fleming.

PMID- 1099412
TI  - Letter: Carbenoxolone sodium in the treatment of gestric ulceration in Chinese.

PMID- 1099413
TI  - Editorial: Men to remember.

PMID- 1099414
TI  - Walter Lloyd Holcombe Keller.

PMID- 1099415
TI  - John Roland Beard.

PMID- 1099416
TI  - Letter: Hair dyes.

PMID- 1099418
TI  - Letter: Relaxation therapy in migraine and chronic tension headache.

PMID- 1099417
TI  - Surgery, art or science?

PMID- 1099419
TI  - Alexander Johnson.

PMID- 1099420
TI  - Leo John Gurry.

PMID- 1099421
TI  - Editorial: Acrodermatitis enteropathica.

PMID- 1099422
TI  - Australian medical schools: some historical considerations. Part 1.

PMID- 1099423
TI  - Editorial: Douglas Guthrie, 1885-1975.

PMID- 1099424
TI  - [Evaluation of malaria diseases].

PMID- 1099425
TI  - [Dermatoses caused by ticks].

PMID- 1099426
TI  - [Problems of early diagnosis in the Federal Republic of Germany].

PMID- 1099427
TI  - A simple applicator for use in bacteriocin typing.

PMID- 1099428
TI  - Stability of blood parameters in pre-diluted samples prepared for the coulter S
      counter.

PMID- 1099429
TI  - Lymphatic display of the genital tract in the female guinea-pig:  a comparison of
      materials and methods used.

PMID- 1099430
TI  - Identification of the yeast-like fungi from systemic infections.

PMID- 1099431
TI  - A capillary tube test for bacterial catalase.

PMID- 1099433
TI  - Editorial: the beating-heart cadaver.

PMID- 1099432
TI  - An evaluation of a new technique for the estimation of anti-streptolysin 'O'
      TITRE.

PMID- 1099434
TI  - [Current possibilities and perspectives in the development and treatment of
      diabetes mellitus].

PMID- 1099435
TI  - [Midwives--Ignac Fulop Semmelweis' students from the territory of Yugoslavia].

PMID- 1099436
TI  - [Infantile cortical hyperostosis in 2 siblings (with different onset and
      course)].

PMID- 1099437
TI  - Evidence for a functional association of DNA synthesis with the membrane in
      mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - We have studied the effect of membrane fatty acid composition on replicative DNA
      synthetic activity in mitochondria isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cells
      containing different levels of membrane unsaturated fatty acids were obtained by
      growth of a fatty acid desaturase mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in glucose
      limited chemostat cultures supplemented with various concentrations of Tween 80.
      Arrhenius plots of DNA synthetic activity in isolated mitochondria show a
      discrete discontinuity at specific temperature which are dependent on the
      membrane unsaturated fatty acid content of the mitochondria. This indicates a
      functional association of DNA replication with the mitochondrial membrane in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 1099439
TI  - Posterior fixation of recti in nystagmus with retinal detachment.

PMID- 1099438
TI  - Complementary binding of oligonucleotides with 16S RNA and ribosomal
      ribonucleoproteins.
AB  - The accessibility of single-stranded sequences in 16S RNA in free state and in
      ribonucleoprotein particles (RNP) to complementary binding with isoplith
      fractions of oligonucleotides was studied. RNP had different protein composition
      and corresponded to intermediate stages of E. coli 30S subunit assembly in vitro.
      Gel-filtration was used to detect the most strong binding. It was found that S4
      essentially inhibited the hexamer binding to RNA. 'Core' proteins bound to 16S
      RNA strongly increased the shielding of single-stranded regions while 'split'
      proteins insignificantly changed the hexamer binding. Nevertheless evidence is
      presented that 'split' proteins might also interact directly with 16S RNA in the
      30S subunit.

PMID- 1099440
TI  - [Immunologic methods in chronic hepatitis].

PMID- 1099441
TI  - [Neonatal hepatitis].

PMID- 1099442
TI  - Albert Pilat (1903-1974).

PMID- 1099443
TI  - [Experiences with BAY b 5097].

PMID- 1099444
TI  - [Further experimental data on clotrimazole: effectiveness against Cryptococcus
      neoformans, Sporothrix schenkii and Blastomyces dermatitidis Gilchrist].

PMID- 1099445
TI  - Efficacy of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in the prevention of premature
      labor.
AB  - We conducted a double-blind study to determine the efficacy of 17alpha
      hydroxyprogesterone caproate in preventing premature delivery in 43 high-risk
      patients. Premature delivery did not occur in 18 patients receiving the
      progestational agent, whereas 41 per cent of the 22 receiving the palcebo had
      premature delivery (P less than 0.01). The mean duration of pregnancy and the
      mean birth weight in the former group (38.6 weeks +/- 1.6 S.D., and 2836 g +/-
      412 S.D.) were both significantly greater (P less than 0.025) than that in the
      latter (35.2 weeks +/- 6.7 S.D.; 2361 g +/- 1085 S.D.). The perinatal mortality
      rate in the group given the progestational agent (O per cent) was significantly
      less than that observed in the placebo group (27 per cent) (P less than 0.05).
      Although there were no complications attributable to the progestational drug, the
      study population was too small for assessment of immediate or long term safety.
      However, the results indicate a possible obstetric use for this drug.

PMID- 1099446
TI  - Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological
      exercises. Case 39-1975.

PMID- 1099447
TI  - Inborn errors of folate metabolism (first of two parts).

PMID- 1099448
TI  - Countway happenings. James Thacher, M.D. (1754-1844).

PMID- 1099449
TI  - Antiemetic effect of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in patients receiving cancer
      chemotherapy.
AB  - Anecdotal accounts suggested that smoking marihuana decreases the nausea and
      vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Oral delta-9
      tetrahydrocannabinol was compared with placebo in a controlled, randomized,
      "double-blind" experiment. All patients were receiving chemotherapeutic drugs
      known to cause nausea and vomiting of central origin. Each patient was to serve
      as his own control to determine whether tetrahydrocannabinol had an antiemetic
      effect. Twenty-two patients entered the study, 20 of whom were evaluable. For all
      patients an antiemetic effect was observed in 14 of 20 tetrahydrocannabinol
      courses and in none of 22 placebo courses. For patients completing the study,
      response occurred in 12 of 15 courses of tetrahydrocannabinol and in none of 14
      courses of placebo (P less than 0.001). No patient vomited while experiencing a
      subjective "high". Oral tetrahydrocannabinol has antiemetic properties and is
      significantly better than a placebo in reducting vomiting caused by
      chemotherapeutic agents.

PMID- 1099450
TI  - Inborn errors of folate metabolism (second of two parts).

PMID- 1099451
TI  - Striated muscle fibres differentiate in monolayer cultures of adult thymus
      reticulum.

PMID- 1099452
TI  - Structure of DNA molecules in yeast meiosis.

PMID- 1099454
TI  - A genetic basis for resistance to enteric disease caused by E. coli.

PMID- 1099453
TI  - Genetic perturbations that reveal tertiary conformation of tRNA precursor
      molecules.
AB  - The ubiquity of tRNA-like conformations in tRNA precursors of prokaryotes
      provides a common structural basis for precursor recognition by the maturation
      enzymes. This design eliminates need for multiple enzymes to achieve the
      maturation of different precursors. Moreover, the requirement of this specific
      conformation for maturation guards against the production of potentially
      deleterious mutant tRNAs.

PMID- 1099455
TI  - Spontaneous lymphokine synthesis by human blood mononuclear cells.

PMID- 1099456
TI  - Generation of discrete yeast DNA fragments by endonuclease RI.

PMID- 1099457
TI  - Determination of 5'-triphosphate terminus of 16S ribosomal RNA precursor.

PMID- 1099458
TI  - In vitro synthesis of tRNA precursors and their conversion to mature size tRNA.
AB  - Two Escherichia coli tRNA gene clusters, tRNA1Tyr (su3+ and su3-) and tRNA2Tyr,
      tRNA2Gly (su+36), tRNA3Thr, were transcribed in a purified in vitro system.
      Evidence indicates that the adjacent tRNA genes are transcribed together as a
      common precursor of large size, which, on incubation with crude cell extracts,
      yields mature tRNA molecules.

PMID- 1099459
TI  - Two distinct mechanisms of synthesis of DNA fragments on colicin E1 plasmid DNA.

PMID- 1099460
TI  - Demonstration and origin of six tertiary base pair resonances in the NMR spectrum
      of E. coli tRNA1Val.

PMID- 1099461
TI  - Acoustic Bragg diffraction from human tissues.

PMID- 1099462
TI  - Mutation blocking the specific degradation of reinitiation polypeptides in E.
      coli.

PMID- 1099464
TI  - [Proceedings: Double-blind comparison of MK 231 with indomethacin in spondylitis
      ankylopoetica].

PMID- 1099465
TI  - Comparison of the effect of nalidixic acid and thymine deprivation on excision
      repair in Escherichia coli.
AB  - There is a difference in the extent of inhibition of thymine dimers (TT) excision
      in ultravioley (UV) irradiated cells of E. coli after preirradiation depression
      of protein and DNA syntheses induced by a simultaneous deprivation of essential
      amino acids (AA-) and thymine(T-) or by deprivation of essential amino acids and
      addition of nalidixie acid (NAL+). This difference has been noted in both E. coli
      B/r Her+ and E. coli K12 SR20 uvr+ cells. Depression of DNA synthesis with the
      aid of malidixic acid as exogenous agent will inhibit TT excision to a lesser
      degree than depression of DNA synthesis by thymine starvation. The extent of TT
      excision has no appreciable influence on restoration of the sedimentation profile
      of newly synthesized DNA nor again on UV resistance of cells in conditions of
      dark repair. At the time when there are TT still present in DNA, the DNA
      molecule, having the size of the molecule of unirradiated cells, will become
      synthesized.

PMID- 1099463
TI  - The importance of sensory nerve endings as sites of drug action.
AB  - The role that sensory nerve endings can play in drug action and the strategy used
      for its experimental analysis and proof is first exemplified by three effects of
      nicotine which are seen when the lowest effective doses of the drug are given
      intravenously in the cat: (1) a vasopressor effect due to arterial chemoreceptor
      stimulation; (2) a triad of bradycardia, hypotension and apnea, and (3) a
      depressant effect upon somatic motor activity, both of which are traced to vagal
      afferent endings in the pulmonary circulation. While receptors in the lung are
      responsible at least for the initial phase of the reflex responses listed in (2)
      and (3), sensory endings in heart, aorta, and carotid sinus region may be
      recruited into action as the drug reaches them. Several of these reflex effects
      can also be elicited by other sensory stimulant agents such as phenyldiguanide, 5
      hydroxytryptamine, and veratrum alkaloids. In the second part, a general outline
      is given of what may be classified as 'Afferent Pharmacology', dealing with drug
      action upon sensory receptors and with the resulting remote drug effects. The
      action upon sensory receptors can either be a direct one ('primary' drug effect)
      consisting of stimulation, sensitization, desensitization, depression or
      combinations thereof, or an indirect ('secondary') effect brought about by a
      variety of drug-induced changes in the tissues surrounding the receptors.
      Depending on the nature of the primary or secondary action, the remote drug
      effect can be either an initiation, modification or impairment of those reflexes
      which have their origin in the sensory endings acted upon. Indeed, the grossly
      observable pharmacological actions of 'afferent drugs' are generally those
      relating to the reflex response. To avoid blurring of the boundaries of afferent
      pharmacology, drugs acting on central synapses of reflex pathways, or on the
      elaborate efferent control system of afferent input, are not included. A
      discussion follows of the topics of investigation, the influence of experimental
      conditions and anesthesia, various approaches and methods, the physiological and
      pharmacological importance of inquiry in this area, and some of the therapeutic
      aspects. Finally, brief mention is made of certain features and problems which
      appear to be characteristic of afferent pharmacology.

PMID- 1099466
TI  - Changes in stored and short-term cultures of mouse bone marrow cells.
AB  - Changes in cells of mouse bone marrow cultured for 6--24 hr were followed both
      when fresh, and after storage for 3 to 5 days at a temperature of +2 to +4
      degrees C. Considerable alterations were observed in the morphology, activity and
      transformation of these cells both during the storage period and the subsequent
      culture. Phagocyte ability was also detected in these cultures.

PMID- 1099467
TI  - Sixieth anniversary of Professor Jaroslav Svejda.

PMID- 1099468
TI  - Therapeutic effect of a water-salt extract from BCG in two patients with advanced
      breast cancer.
AB  - Two cases of advanced breast cancer treated with a water-salt extract from BCG
      are presented, showing a positive response -- marked and durable regression of
      the breast tumor and of the axillar metastases, parallel in the second case with
      a disappearance of lung metastases.

PMID- 1099469
TI  - Nonspecific resistance to tumor allograft.
AB  - The effects of an increased volume of reticulohistiocyte system and macrophage
      activation in the recipient after treatment with BCG and Zymosan on the course of
      antitumor concomitant allograft-immunity reaction were studied. The results were
      verified on animals affected with immunosuppression due to whole body
      irradiation. A factor of essential significance for resistance to tumor allograft
      is an increase of the total number of small lymphocytes supplied by the
      transplantation of syngeneic spleen cells. A substantially lower efficiency was
      shown by prophylactic administration of BCG and Zymosan. Transplantation of
      macrophages syngeneic to the host failed to affect the latter's resistance to
      subsequent tumor allograft. The irradiated host's reactivity was regenerated with
      a suspesion of spleen cells of purified small lymphocytes, but transplantation of
      syngeneic macrophages remained without effect.

PMID- 1099470
TI  - Lowering of the tumoricide activity of human serum with Varidase. II. Antibodies
      against Varidase in human serum measured by complement binding.
AB  - Active human serum manifests a tumoricide effect against cells of the Ehrlich
      ascites tumor. Sera of patients with Ca ventriculi show a higher effect than
      those of patients with a chronic streptococcal disorder, in comparison with
      intact subjects. This tumorcide effect is depressed by Varidase, the degree of
      depression being greatest in the group of patients with streptococcal infection,
      smaller in healthy subjects and least in carcinoma patients. The investigated
      sera contained antibodies against Varidase, but not against streptokinase. The
      anti-Varidase antibodies are found also in sera of the new-born children. The
      decline of the tumoricide activity of Varidase-treated sera is related to the
      quantity of anti-Varidase antibodies determined by complement fixing reaction in
      non-treated sera.

PMID- 1099471
TI  - Evaluation of the usefulness of nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test (NBT test)
      for detection of bacterial infection in cancer patients.
AB  - False positivity of the NBT test in neoplastic diseases described by some authose
      may be a limitation in the use of the test for infection screening in cancer
      patients. For explaining this problem studies were performed in a group of 30
      patients with various untreated malignancies without infection and in 20 of these
      with bacteriologically confirmed infections. The obtained results were compared
      with those in groups of normal persons without and with infection. Slightly
      modified Park method for spontaneous and stimulated NBT test was used. No
      significant differences between patients of both groups without infection were
      found. The increase in positivity of the test in presence of infection was lower
      in cancer patients than in normal subjects, however, it was non-significant. We
      did not observe any false-positive results in our patients, though one case of
      false negativity in myeloma is described separately. It is concluded that
      neoplastic disease does not cause, as such positivity of the NBT test. Because of
      similar response of NBT test to presence of infection, the NBT test is recognized
      as very useful for infection screening in cancer patients similarly as in normal
      persons.

PMID- 1099472
TI  - Editorial: The changing face of neuroradiology over nearly forty years.

PMID- 1099474
TI  - The technology of new fluorescence illumination systems.

PMID- 1099473
TI  - Cellular hypersensitization to peripheral nervous antigens in the Guillain-Barre
      syndrome.
AB  - The macrophage migration inhibition factor assay was used as a specific measure
      of cellular hypersensitivity to peripheral nervous system antigen in a large
      group of Guillain-Barre patients and control subjects. Lymphocytes from 34
      patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome, 33 with other peripheral nervous system
      disease, and 33 normal controls were assayed for production of macrophage
      migration inhibition factor. A mean of 101 +/- 7.2 was obtained in the control
      group, 70 +/- 16.3 in the Guillain-Barre syndrome group, and 96 +/- 11.3 in those
      with other peripheral nervous system disease. Twenty-six of the 34 patients with
      Guillain-Barre syndrome, two patients with myeloradiculitis, and two with Bell's
      palsy gave significant values. These results support the hypothesis that cellular
      hypersensitization to peripheral nervous system antigens is a pathogenetic factor
      in Guillain-Barre syndrome.

PMID- 1099475
TI  - Emergency medical services in crisis: an Italian case study.
AB  - This paper deals with the system of emergency medical services in Italy. More
      specifically, it is a case study of the organization and operation of this system
      in the region of Tuscany. Recent decentralization decrees have established
      regional governments with major responsibilities for health care, including
      emergency medical services. The effects of a long history of social and political
      cleavages on provision of these services at the regional level are presented and
      discussed. The paper concludes that prospects for rational reform of emergency
      care service are dim.

PMID- 1099476
TI  - [Possibilities and prospects in the treatment of severe hepatic insufficiency.
      Auxiliary livers].

PMID- 1099477
TI  - [Hepatic transplants].

PMID- 1099478
TI  - [Perfusion with heterologous liver].

PMID- 1099479
TI  - [R. D. Laing's evaluation and critical methodology in the problems of
      psychological sciences].
AB  - The theory and methodology of psychotherapy and contemporary psychiatrics
      according to R. D. Laing are presented and examined from a critical point of
      view.

PMID- 1099480
TI  - The somatomedins and growth.

PMID- 1099481
TI  - Zinc deficiency in sickle cell disease.

PMID- 1099482
TI  - Cell-mediated immunity to gliadin within the small-intestinal mucosa in celiac
      disease.

PMID- 1099483
TI  - Hypervitaminosis E and coagulation.

PMID- 1099484
TI  - The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine. October, 1917. Volume III, No.
      1, Pages 40-49. The prevention of simple goiter in man. A survey of the incidence
      and types of thyroid enlargements in the schoolgirls of Akron (Ohio), from the
      5th to the 12th grades, inclusive-the plan of prevention proposed.

PMID- 1099485
TI  - Growth and cerebral lipid composition during maturation of rats fed varying
      levels of linoleate and linolenate.

PMID- 1099486
TI  - Mechanisms in young crocodilians greatly modifying the persistence of
      administered amino acids.

PMID- 1099487
TI  - Bile acid excretion--a new test of functioning liver mass.

PMID- 1099488
TI  - Severe diarrhea in children--new ideas in an unsolved arena.

PMID- 1099489
TI  - Ketoprofen (Orudis) in ankylosing spondylitis.
AB  - A double-blind cross-over study is described in which ketoprofen (Orudis) is
      compared with phenylbutazone in 14 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Results
      indicated a significant patient preference for phenylbutazone with greater
      improvement in the ESR. However, the absence of objective and laboratory
      deterioration with ketoprofen, when compared with the initial, or control,
      assessments, suggests that it may prove a useful alternative to phenylbutazone in
      spondylitic disease.

PMID- 1099490
TI  - Urinary antiseptics in asymptomatic bacteriuria of pregnancy.
AB  - A screening programme for the detection of asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients
      attending an antenatal clinic is described. The results obtained from the use of
      urinary antiseptics in a controlled trial over a period of two years are
      presented. The number of patients developing clinical pyelonephritis, fetal
      maturity at delivery and birth weight were recorded for treatment and control
      groups and compared with the equivalent results obtained from the total
      population of patients seen at the clinic.

PMID- 1099491
TI  - A double blind controlled trial of a new anorectic agent AN448.
AB  - AN448 is a new anorectic agent, which in the dose used, is without the CNS
      stimulant properties of the amphetamines. Patients entering the trial were a
      highly resistant group at least 20 percent above ideal weight chosen from an
      ischaemic-hyperlipidaemic clinic population. In a double blind trial of 12
      patients on the active drug and nine patients on placebo, a highly significant
      weight loss occurred over 12 weeks in the active group only. A significant
      reduction in serum cholesterol occurred independently of weight loss but there
      was no reduction in the serum triglycerides and no change in the lipoprotein
      electrophoretic pattern. The drug is shown to be effective for this group of
      patients and may also be useful as a cholesterol lowering agent.

PMID- 1099492
TI  - The developing role of clinical immunological laboratories.

PMID- 1099493
TI  - Obituary: Corban Assid Corban.

PMID- 1099494
TI  - The father of radiology in New Zealand.
AB  - Attention is drawn to the pioneering contribution of Dr Henry A. de Lautour to
      the practice of radiology in New Zealand and a brief sketch of his life and work
      is recorded. Information has been gathered from one of his patients who still
      possesses a copy of a radiograpy taken by Dr de Lautour in 1889, just four years
      after the discovery of x-rays. A 75-year follow-up radiograph shows that all but
      one of the lead pellets still remain in his hand.

PMID- 1099495
TI  - Hysteroscopy.

PMID- 1099496
TI  - Clinical experience with the oxytocin challenge test. II. An ominous atypical
      pattern.
AB  - Three cases have been observed over the past 3 years at Los Angeles County-USC
      Medical Center, Women's Hospital, which have shown an unusual fetal heart rate
      response to induced uterine contractions during the antepartum period. All 3
      cases resulted in perinatal death apparently due to asphyxia. This report
      describes this unusual pattern and presents a discussion of its possible
      significance.

PMID- 1099497
TI  - Intraepithelial vaginal neoplasia following immunosuppressive therapy treated
      with topical 5-Fu.
AB  - A case is reported of the successful treatment of multifocal intraepithelial
      neoplasia of the vagina by topical application of a cytotoxic agent, 5
      fluorouracil. These lesions followed prolonged immunosuppressive therapy after
      renal transplantation. Intraepithelial neoplasia was present also in the cervix
      and was treated by conization.

PMID- 1099498
TI  - AAIN salute to Bicentennial 1776-1976.

PMID- 1099499
TI  - King George III's insanity porphyria: a royal malady.

PMID- 1099500
TI  - Immunosuppressive therapy in rheumatic diseases. A retrospective study.

PMID- 1099501
TI  - Combination chemotherapy in disseminated melanoma and other solid tumors in
      adults.
AB  - Eighty-eight patients with disseminated melanoma and 22 patients with various
      other solid tumors were treated with combination chemotherapy consisting of DTIC,
      at a fixed dose, with either adriamycin, CCNU, or hydroxyurea, at several
      dosages.  An objective response rate of 20% was observed in 84 evaluable melanoma
      patients.  The addition of the other agents to DTIC did not provide enhanced
      antitumor activity.  Combination chemotherapy increased toxicity.  Encouraging
      objective responses were observed in patients with synovial sarcoma (4/7) and
      teratocarcinoma of the testis (1/1) treated with the combination of adriamycin
      and DTIC.

PMID- 1099502
TI  - Sir Julian Huxley, FRS, (1887-1975).

PMID- 1099503
TI  - Complement and properdin: biologic and clinical importance.

PMID- 1099504
TI  - Structure, development, and function of joints.

PMID- 1099505
TI  - The radiology of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1099506
TI  - Evaluation and treatment of early rheumatoid hand involvement.

PMID- 1099507
TI  - Surgical treatment of the swan-neck deformity in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Swan-neck deformities vary not only in origin but also in the extent of
      functional loss. Careful examination used to determine the degree of flexion in
      all positions as well as x-ray examination of the joint has allowed us to group
      these patients into four types. Various surgical procedures are recommended
      according to this classification, which has made the treatment of these patients
      more orderly and rewarding.

PMID- 1099508
TI  - Surgical treatment of the boutonniere deformity in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The rheumatoid boutonniere deformity does not limit hand function significantly
      until it becomes severe. For this reason the surgical procedures used should not
      risk or sacrifice existing function. For the mild cases one can improve the
      digital balance by a simple extensor tenotomy combined with dynamic splinting. In
      more advanced stages with passive correction possible, the deformity can be
      improved by reconstruction of the extensor mechanism. With fixed deformities one
      can choose between proximal interphalangeal joint fusion and arthroplasty. The
      decision is influenced by several factors, including the digit involved and the
      status of adjacent joints. After a careful evaluation of the patient's
      capabilities and needs, it is possible to improve these deformities by the
      methods discussed.

PMID- 1099509
TI  - Preventive surgery - tenosynovectomy and synovectomy.
AB  - The goal of preventative rheumatoid hand surgery is the eradication of the
      diseased synovium or tenosynovium before irreparable joint or tendon destruction
      occurs. Although there is general agreement that both dorsal and flexor
      tenosynovectomy are reliable and effective procedures to prevent the
      complications of tenosynovitis, the case for synovectomy is less well
      established. We have discussed the indications for both tenosynovectomy and
      synovectomy and described the surgical techniques used for dorsal tenosynovectomy
      and flexor tenosynovectomy in the wrist, palm, and digits. In addition, the
      treatment of both extensor and flexor tendon ruptures has been presented.

PMID- 1099510
TI  - The entrapment neuropathies of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1099511
TI  - Neurologic complications of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1099512
TI  - Preoperative and postoperative management: the role of allied health
      professionals.
AB  - The success of a coordinated team approach is dependent upon respect and
      communication among all members, all directed toward the individual patient's
      goal. Standardized forms can be developed by each discipline and used as a formal
      mode of communication. These can be available in each patient's record for all
      the professional staff to read. Unitization has established an atomosphere for
      informal ongoing communication: i.e. allied health team members have been
      assigned to the same patient care unit. The same allied health members are
      therefore working together with the same patient on a day by day basis. Greater
      efficiency and communication tend to develop spontaneously within such a system.
      Full inpatient coverage seven days a week by the therapist as well as the nurses
      has improved continuity of care. Since these changes in staff distribution have
      taken place, a study of a significant number of patients undergoin total knee or
      toal hip procedures has shown that there has been a reduction in the average
      length of stay for the hospitalization, from two days for a total knee
      replacement to five days for a patient undergoing total hip replacement. Weekly
      or twice weekly meetings of allied health members, surgeons, and rheumatologists
      greatly facilitate the progression and coorination of the treatment program.
      Medical and nursing audits on patients with total hip procedures document a
      remarkably low rate of surgical complications. Early discharge planning has
      fostered a smooth transition of the patient to his home and ultimately to work.

PMID- 1099513
TI  - [Sources of infant neurology. The role of the development of involuntary and
      voluntary movements in infancy in the reflex theory of Ivan Mikhailovich
      Sechenov].

PMID- 1099514
TI  - [70 years after the foundation of the family care center at Dicsoszentmarton].

PMID- 1099515
TI  - [Aladar Rozsahegyi].

PMID- 1099516
TI  - [Jozsef Balogh at Kunszentmiklos].

PMID- 1099517
TI  - [Letter: Clinical pharmacological study of Sumetrolim].

PMID- 1099518
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Aleksandra Mitrinowicz-Modrzejewska].

PMID- 1099519
TI  - [Outline of the development of Polish otolaryngological textbooks between the
      years 1868 and 1939].

PMID- 1099520
TI  - [Administration of antibiotics in otolaryngology].

PMID- 1099521
TI  - Basic and clinical aspects of the alpha1-antitrypsin.
AB  - A deficiency of the major serum alpha1-globulin, the alpha1-antitrypsin, was
      first described in five patients by Laurell and Eriksson in Sweden in 1963. It
      soon became obvious that severe alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency was familial, and
      highly associated with chronic lung disease, having its onset in the third or
      fourth decade of life. Since the early descriptions of this common deficiency
      state, it has become clearly associated with familial emphysema in some families,
      familial infantile cirrhosis in others, and occasionally with a combination of
      childhood lung and liver disease in siblings. For the pediatrician, severe alpha1
      antitrypsin deficiency now enters into the differential diagnosis of both chronic
      pulmonary disease in childhood and obstructive jaundice in the newborn period; In
      addition, low levels of alpha1-antitrypsin in serum are characteristic of
      respiratory distress syndrome, and elevations of this protein may be found in a
      variety of clinical situations. The, alpha1-antitrypsin probably functions as a
      major control protein against the tissue-damaging effects of both endogenous and
      exogenous enzymes. This review will cover several basic and clinical features of
      this protein with respect to its importance in pediatrics.

PMID- 1099522
TI  - The peripheral hemodynamic effects of continuous positive transpulmonary pressure
      breathing in neonates free from cardiorespiratory disease.
AB  - We applied continuous positive transpulmonary pressure (CPTP) by face mask to 22
      spontaneously breathing infants who were free from cardiorespiratory disease, and
      measured resultant changes in peak esophageal pressure (Pes) and peripheral
      perfusion (Q1). We measured Pes by balloon and transducer, and Q1 by venous
      occlusion plethysmography with a mercury-in-rubber strain gauge. Application of
      7.6 cm H2O CPTP led to a 13% decrease in Q1 (paired t-test=2.39; P less than
      .02). Thirty-two percent of the applied CPTP was detected as a change in Pes. The
      biological significance of a 13% decrease in peripheral perfusion is probably
      minimal.

PMID- 1099523
TI  - The therapeutic application of end-expiratory pressure in the meconium aspiration
      syndrome.
AB  - The effectiveness of end-expiratory pressure (EEP) in relieving hypoxemia in the
      meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) was studied in 14 patients with the disorder.
      These infants demonstrated a direct, mean PO2 response of 12 torr/cm H2O EEP. A
      maximum PO2 response was observed in an EEP range of 4 to 7 cm H2O. EEP was
      equally effective whether patients were breathing spontaneously or were being
      mechanically ventilated. EEP is useful in the treatment of hypoxemia in the
      infants with meconium aspiration syndrome.

PMID- 1099524
TI  - Hyaline membrane disease treated with early nasal end-expiratory pressure: one
      year's experience.
AB  - This report describes one year's experience treating hyaline membrane disease
      (HMD) with nasal end-expiratory pressure (NEEP). During the 12 months from July
      1, 1973 through June 30, 1974, 119 children with HMD were admitted to the
      Intensive Care Unit of St. Paul Children's Hospital. Sixty-nine infants were
      treated early in the course of their disease with NEEP. The survival, incidence
      of complications, and the number of endotracheal intubations are reported and
      compared to our experience during a similar time period prior to the use of NEEP
      (1971-1972). Since the advent of the early application of modest amounts of end
      expiratory pressure by nasopharyngeal tube, there has been an increase in the
      survival of all admissions with HMD, but the increase was statistically
      significant (P less than .01) only in those weighing 1,501 to 2,000 gm. There was
      a significant decrease (P less than .025) in the total number of children with
      HMD requiring endotracheal intubation. There was no change in the incidence of
      pneumothoraces or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. NEEP is a simple and effective
      technique for creating continuous airway distending pressure. Its effectiveness
      and ready availability make the routine endotracheal intubation of infants
      requiring only continuous airway distending pressure no longer justifiable.

PMID- 1099525
TI  - Presentation of the C. Anderson Aldrich award to Anna Freud.

PMID- 1099526
TI  - Aspirin intolerance in chronic childhood asthma: Detected by oral challenge.
AB  - Most previously reported individuals with acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, ASA)
      induced asthma have been adults. This study was undertaken to define the
      prevalence of ASA intolerance among children with intractable asthma. Fifty
      children (34 boys and 16 girls) ranging in age from 6 to 18 years with extrinsic
      (atopic) asthma were studied. None had a history of ASA sensitivity or nasal
      polyps; all required continuous medication including cromolyn sodium and daily or
      intermittent steroids. Anti-asthmatic medications were stopped 12 hours prior to
      testing. At the same time of day, each subject, in a doubleblind manner, on two
      separate days, ingested either 300 mg of ASA or 100 mg of lactose (placebo).
      Measurements of FVC, FEV1, and FEF25-75 were obtained prior to challenge and one
      half, one, two, three, and four hours after. ASA intolerance required a decrease
      of 30% in lung function with ASA as compared to placebo. Fourteen of 50 (28%)
      were ASA-intolerant; a greater number were girls, and they had more sinusitis and
      an onset of disease prior to 2 years of age. Steroid dependency, frequency of
      eczema, nasal eosinophilia, serum IgE levels, and peripheral eosinophil counts
      did not differ between the two groups. The use of aspirin in childhood asthma
      should be limited.

PMID- 1099527
TI  - Myelomeningocele: Suggested minimal urological evaluation and surveillance.

PMID- 1099528
TI  - [Ototoxic effect of some antibiotics].

PMID- 1099529
TI  - Gregory on the sun illusion.

PMID- 1099530
TI  - Apparent motion and the Pulfrich effect.
AB  - The Pulfrich pendulum effect, obtained by viewing a moving object with a filter
      over one eye, was examined with target stimuli in apparent, rather than
      continuous, motion. The filter-induced depth effect persisted until a certain
      degree of intermittency in the presentations of the target was reached, and then
      it broke down. The degree of intermittency that could be tolerated before the
      depth effect broke down increased with the density of the filter. It could be
      argued that the filter determined a shift in the pairing of successive inputs to
      the eyes, such that the target position in the unfiltered eye was fused with the
      preceding target position in the filtered eye. However, it appears that the
      shifted-pairing effect cannot account for the depth impression seen when the
      target intermittency is less than about 30 ms. Below this value of intermittency
      a filter can produce a depth effect even when the delay it introduces is small in
      comparison to the intermittency of the input. The depth effect seen with
      intermittencies less than 30 ms appears to be of the same magnitude as that
      obtained with stimuli in continuous motion. It is concluded that a filter can
      cause two different kinds of depth shift with apparently moving stimuli.

PMID- 1099531
TI  - [Influence of restrictive use of antibiotics on the development of drug
      resistance in intestinal Escherichia coli from pigs (author's transl)].
AB  - A retrospective investigation into the drug resistance pattern of intestinal E.
      coli was carried out in 17 closely monitored herds in order to evaluate a
      possible influence of an improved diagnostic and a restrictive use of antibiotics
      in swine herds. The herds participated from October, 1970, in an investigation of
      preweaning mortality and morbidity, and during a two-year investigation period
      antibiotics were only used when therapeutically indicated. Sensitivity tests were
      regularly performed on the intestinal flora from post mortem examined pigs from
      the herds and the results forwarded to the local veterinarians. A total of 443 E.
      Coli strains were isolated in pure or almost pure culture from the  jejunum of
      post mortem examined pigs and tested for sensitivity, using the following
      antibiotics: streptomycin, compound sulphonamide, neomycin, oxytetracycline,
      chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, furazolidone, and ampicillin. During the
      investigation period, the frequency of isolated multiresistant E. coli strains
      decreazed from 67.7 per cent to 9.5 per cent and the number of strains without
      antibiotic resistance increased from 3.0 per cent to 36.2 per cent (Table I; Fig.
      1). Herds were divided into 3 groups according to different intensity of
      antibiotic administration and to closed or open management system (Table II). The
      most pronounced decrease in the number of multiresistant E. coli strains (from
      64.9 to 2.0 per cent) was observed in Group I, which comprises closed herds with
      a rapid decrease in the use of antibiotics. In Group II, which comprises semi
      closed herds with a decreasing, but in the last year of the investigation still
      frequent use of antibiotics, a somewhat slower decrease of the number of
      multiresistant strains to a level of 12.1 per cent was observed. The number of
      strains without resistance increased to approximately the same level as in Group
      I. In Group III, which comprises open herds with infrequent use of antibiotics,
      the incidence of resistant E. coli strains fluctuated (Table III; Fig. 2). The
      resistance was proved transferable in 60.5 per cent of the examined resistant
      strains. The frequency of transferability did not show any significant change
      during the investigation period (Table IV). The most frequently encountered
      resistance determinants were: sulphonamide (97 per cent), streptomycin (40 per
      cent), and oxytetracycline (34 per cent). Only resistance against sulphonamide,
      streptomycin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol was proved transferable (Table
      V). It is concluded that it is possible to obtain a simultaneous reduction of
      induced antibiotic resistance of intestinal E. coli and of enteric diseases in
      sucking pigs in commercial herds, by adjustment of management and rational use of
      antibiotics based on improved diagnostic including in vitro sensitivity tests.

PMID- 1099532
TI  - [Transuterine migration of intrauterine contraceptive devices. 12 cases].
AB  - Transuterine migration of an IUCD is a rare complication, more spectacular than
      serious. In general asymptomatic or associated with only minor symptoms, such a
      perforation usually passes unnoticed. The diagnosis is made when the absence of
      the string at the cervix is noted at routine examination, and may be proved by
      radiological examination of the uterine cavity. Treatment consists of removal of
      the migratory foreign body either by coelioscopy or by laparotomy. Although the
      no single mechanism for the occurrence of such perforations exists, this study
      confirmed the high incidence of this complication when the device is inserted in
      the immediate post-partum period.

PMID- 1099533
TI  - [Crown epiplooplasty with ultraselective vagotomy for perforated ulcers of the
      duodenal cap].

PMID- 1099534
TI  - [Letter: Acute myeloblastic leukemia: prevision of the efficiency by the
      combination of daunorubicin-cytosine-arabinoside].

PMID- 1099535
TI  - [Procedure to follow when confronted with a breast problem].

PMID- 1099536
TI  - [Treatment of bone marrow aplasia by bone marrow grafts].

PMID- 1099537
TI  - [Detection of hepatic lesions in patients with multiple injuries. Value of the
      determination of blood glutamo-pyruvic transaminase].
AB  - Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (S.G.P.T.) was measured in a series of 39
      patients with multiple injuries in order to test its value in detecting liver
      lesion. An increase above five times the upper limit of the normal value was
      found in 15 out of the 20 patients having a liver injury and in all of those in
      whom S.G.P.T. was measured within the first 24 hours following the trauma. In
      contrast, a similar elevation was observed only in two out of the 19 patients
      without liver injury. It is suggested that S.G.P.T. determination should be
      routinely performed in patients with multiple injuries when abdominal signs are
      poor or concealed by associated lesions. A marked elevation of S.G.P.T. seems in
      any case suggestive enough to advise a liver arteriogram if hemodynamic
      conditions allow to perform it.

PMID- 1099538
TI  - [Letter: Mechanism of hemolysis in the pernicious attack caused by Plasmodium
      falciparum].

PMID- 1099539
TI  - [Letter: Fatal anguillulosis and immunosuppressive treatment].

PMID- 1099540
TI  - [Letter: Computers and the recycling of physicians].

PMID- 1099541
TI  - [Letter: Study of the delay of action of an injected corticoid on bronchial
      obstruction in asthmatics. Comparison with an inhaled beta-stimulating agent].

PMID- 1099542
TI  - [Tests of stimulation of calcitonin secretion. Value in medullary cancer of the
      thyroid].
AB  - The detection of high circulating levels of calcitonin is a most valuable
      procedure to diagnose advanced cases of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid.
      However, the diagnosis of a primitive tumor in the early stages of development
      (as in cases of the familial form of the disease) or of a metastasis following
      ablation of the tumor is more difficult. In the latter cases, the levels of
      circulating calcitonin may be within normal limits, and for diagnosis one must
      then resort to tests to stimulate the secretion of calcitonin. We are reporting
      from our personal experiences the advantages, disadvantages and inconveniences of
      the three most well-known tests. All patients responded positively to
      administration of calcium or pentagastrin. The alcohol test, however, produced
      inconsistent results.

PMID- 1099543
TI  - [Letter: The separation of craniopagic twins].

PMID- 1099544
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Wlodzimierz Stasek].

PMID- 1099545
TI  - Foreign bodies in the eyes.

PMID- 1099546
TI  - An introduction to disinfection.

PMID- 1099547
TI  - One hundred years of ENT.

PMID- 1099548
TI  - [Methodological aspects of clinical evaluation of coronary agents].

PMID- 1099549
TI  - [25th anniversary of the Poznan Medical Academy].

PMID- 1099550
TI  - [The introduction of medical informatics. Our experiences].

PMID- 1099551
TI  - [Prof. Kornel Gibinski's 60th birthday].

PMID- 1099553
TI  - [Role of fibrinolytic activity in renal pathology].

PMID- 1099552
TI  - [Some biochemical and clinical problems in the scientific research of Professor
      Stefan Dabrowski, M.D., Head of the Department of Physiological Chemistry at the
      University of Poznan (1920-1947)].

PMID- 1099554
TI  - [Prof. Stanislaw Mahrburg (1886-1974)].

PMID- 1099556
TI  - [Professor Stefan Horoszkiewicz (1874-1945), founder of the Chair and Department
      of Forensic Medicine in Poznan].

PMID- 1099555
TI  - [Primary cardiomyopathy].

PMID- 1099557
TI  - [The part played by the American Medical Association in the setting up and
      developing of postgraduate medical education].

PMID- 1099558
TI  - [Splenectomy in children with Hodgkin's disease].

PMID- 1099559
TI  - [Vitellon--a Polish scientist in the Middle Ages].

PMID- 1099560
TI  - [Implantation of Vater's papilla excised with mucosal ring into the duodenal
      stump in Poly-Reichel gastrectomy].

PMID- 1099561
TI  - [3 cases of tumors of the small intestine].

PMID- 1099562
TI  - Three serious parasitic infections often missed in clinical practice.

PMID- 1099563
TI  - Respiratory distress sydnrome of the newborn. Current status of ventilatory
      assistance.

PMID- 1099564
TI  - Commonly overlooked pain syndromes responsive to simple therapy.

PMID- 1099565
TI  - Toxic epidermal necrolysis: examining a multifaceted enigma.

PMID- 1099566
TI  - Problems of aging: diagnosing and treating leg pain due to arteriosclerosis
      obliterans.
AB  - Management of patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans begins with organization
      of the history, results of physical examination, and blood flow measurements into
      a patient profile. This approach permits the practicing physician to monitor the
      progression of the obstructive process over time. With close observation, a
      controlled exercise program, and properly timed surgical intervention, if
      necessary, patients with arterioslcerosis obliterans can enjoy a full and
      productive life.

PMID- 1099567
TI  - Pediatric ophthalmic mythology.
AB  - Headaches in children are virtually never the result of eye problems. If a child
      needs glasses, young age is almost never a contraindication to their use. Any
      child in whom strabismus is recognized or suspected should be referred to an
      ophthalmologist. The strabismus may be a presenting sign of a serious disease.
      Even if it is not, spontaneous cure almost never occurs. Furthermore, the younger
      the child, the easier and more successful will be the treatment of both the
      strabismus and the amblyopia that often accompanies it. Dyslexia is not the
      result of abnormalities of the eyes and is unaffected by eye exercises. There are
      no significant ocular hazards in the use of standard mydriatic (dilating) eye
      drops in children.

PMID- 1099568
TI  - Recognizing the allergic individual.
AB  - Patients with respiratory tract allergy present certain auditory and visual signs
      which, when correlated with the history, aid substantially in arriving at a
      conclusive diagnosis. The physician should be alert to the signs that indicate
      allergic disease. Early recognition followed by modern allergy management will
      help to prevent progression of the allergic process.

PMID- 1099569
TI  - Understanding atopic syndromes.

PMID- 1099571
TI  - Vitamin E or vitamin A protects chickens against E. coli infection.
AB  - The supplementation of either vitamin E (300 mg./kg. diet) or vitamin A (60,000
      I.U./kg. diet) to a standard chick ration increased the protection of six week
      old immunized chickens against E coli infection, decreasing mortality from about
      40% to 5%. The combination of the two vitamins, however, did not give as much
      protection as either vitamin alone. Vitamin E or A did not protect chicks from
      weight loss and severe morbidity due to infection, but slightly increased the
      rate of recovery.

PMID- 1099570
TI  - Polymeric IgA myeloma, hyperlipidaemia and xanthomatosis: a further case and
      review.

PMID- 1099572
TI  - [Immunodiagnosis of malaria(author's transl)].

PMID- 1099573
TI  - [Chronic arterial insufficiency of lower limbs: treatment by bencyclan (fludilat)
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099574
TI  - [Orthostatic hypotension.  An attempt to simplify diagnosis -- treatment with
      dihydergot in general practice(author's transl)].

PMID- 1099575
TI  - [The clinical efficiency of some hypnotics in cases of preoperative sleeping
      disturbances (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099576
TI  - [Clinical experience with silymarin in the treatment of chronic liver
      disease(author's transl)].

PMID- 1099577
TI  - [Humoral regulation of erythropoiesis (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1099578
TI  - The intermediate effect of low-visous fissure sealants on the retention of resin
      restoratives in vitro.

PMID- 1099579
TI  - Repetitive DNA replication of the incomplete genomes of phage T4 petite
      particles.
AB  - The genomes of petite T4 phage particles presumably cannot circularize because
      they are deficient for a significant terminal segment and hence not terminally
      redundant like normal T4 genomes. Combined density- and 32P-labeling shows that
      the majority of such deficient DNA molecules can nevertheless replicate their
      entire length. Furthermore, the density-shift technique shows that replicated
      parental strands can exchange their partners for new light strands, indicating
      that noncircularized T4 DNA molecules replicate repeatedly. When taken together
      with previously published data, these results indicate that T4 replication is
      bidirectional from multiple, genetically fixed points of origin. Rolling circle
      models can, therefore, not be considered as an essential mechanism for the early
      rounds of T4 replication.

PMID- 1099581
TI  - [Constant boiling solvent mixture for thin-layer chromatography].

PMID- 1099580
TI  - Reversible, coenzyme-A-mediated inactivation of biosynthetic condensing enzymes
      in yeast: a possible regulatory mechanism.
AB  - alpha-Isopropylmalate synthase [3-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-carboxyvalerate 2-oxo-3
      methylbutyrate-lyase (CoA-acetylating); EC 4.1.3.12], the enzyme catalyzing the
      first committed step in leucine biosynthesis, and homocitrate synthase [3-hydroxy
      3-carboxyadipate 2-oxoglutarate-lyase (CoA-acetylating); EC 4.1.3.21], the first
      enzyme in lysine biosynthesis in yeast, are rapidly inactivated in the presence
      of low concentrations of coenzyme A, a product of both reactions. Closely related
      compounds like 3-dephospho-coenzyme A or oxidized coenzyme A are almost without
      effect, as are other sulfhydryl compounds. Citrate (si)-synthase [citrate
      oxaloacetate-lyase (pro-3S-CH2-COO-minus leads to acetyl-CoA); EC 4.1.3.7]
      appears to be completely resistant against inactivation by coenzyme A.
      Inactivated alpha-isopropylmalate and homocitrate synthases can be reactivated by
      dialysis, but not by adding excess substrate. Protection against coenzyme-A
      mediated inactivation is provided by relatively high concentrations of the alpha
      ketoacid substrate or the specific end product inhibitor of each of the two
      enzymes. The coenzyme-A-mediated inactivation of alpha-isopropylmalate synthase
      has been more closely investigated. It requires the presence of divalent metal
      ions, with Zn++being most effective. The inactivation does not require molecular
      oxygen. It occurs in the presence of low concentrations of substrates and is
      observed in toluene-treated cells. These results, together with evidence that
      alpha-isopropylmalate synthase and homocitrate synthase are located in the
      mitochondria, suggest a mechanism by which increasing intra-mitochondrial
      coenzyme A concentrations might serve as a signal of decreasing acetyl-coenzyme A
      levels, triggering a temporary inactivation of biosynthetic acetyl-coenzyme A
      consuming reactions in order to channel the available acetyl-coenzyme A into the
      citrate cycle.

PMID- 1099582
TI  - [The action of propolis on saccharomycetes].

PMID- 1099584
TI  - American physical therapy association.

PMID- 1099583
TI  - On becoming a confederation.
AB  - This paper was presented as the keynote speech at the Seventh International
      Congress of the World Confederation for Physical Therapy. The question of what it
      will take to strengthen physical therapy as a world force for the health of
      mankind is examined. The past and present status of physical therapy and the
      Confederation are assessed as background for looking at ways to help the
      Confederation become truly a World Confederation for Physical Therapy.

PMID- 1099585
TI  - Technique for vestibular neurotomy in the rat.
AB  - A technique for vestibular neurotomy in the rat has been developed. Removal of
      the tympanic membrane and ossicles through the external auditory meatus permits
      access to the auditory bulla. After the pterygopalatine artery has been
      cauterized, and the electrode may be introduced through the oval widow. The
      vestibular branch of the VIII nerve can then be cauterized with the electrode
      without direct visualization.

PMID- 1099586
TI  - Chemistor: a reusable telestimulation device for direct chemical stimulation of
      the nonhuman primate brain in freely moving animals.
AB  - A reusable telemetric multi-injector unit (chemistor) suitable for injections
      into the brain of primates has been developed and tested in chronic experiments
      with rhesus monkeys freely moving and interacting with other monkeys. The
      chemistor unit, which measures 15.0 by 15.0 by 7.5 mm and weight 5.8 g, consists
      of a microinjector, equipped with an internal mechanical power source, and an
      electronic circuit connected with a receiving coil; a total volume of 27.0 mul to
      be injected in quanta of 0.9 mul at freely chosen time intervals makes this unit
      suitable for 30 injections. The desirable protection against possible damage is
      provided by a circular, head-mounted container (dia. 43.0 mm and 10.3 mm high)
      which leaves place for two complete chemistors. The device is small, light in
      weight, reliable and resistant to physical damage.

PMID- 1099587
TI  - Inexpensive stereotaxic sighting microscope.
AB  - An inexpensive low-power microscope is described for use in stereotaxic surgery.
      The microscope aids in the measurement of skull landmarks and improves the
      accuracy of stereotaxic surgery.

PMID- 1099588
TI  - Clinical trails.

PMID- 1099589
TI  - Rapid expansion in clefts.

PMID- 1099590
TI  - The voice of polite dissent--burned hands.

PMID- 1099591
TI  - Presumptive evidence of the effect of pregnancy estrogens on keloid growth. Case
      report.

PMID- 1099592
TI  - Areola and nipple reconstruction.

PMID- 1099593
TI  - Use of the mud bed in the treatment of burns.

PMID- 1099594
TI  - Joseph A. Tamerin, M.D.

PMID- 1099595
TI  - [Danilo Zunic, M.D. (1919-1975)].

PMID- 1099596
TI  - [Prof. Jan Mazurkiewicz--founder of scientific psychiatry in Poland].

PMID- 1099597
TI  - Some problems and potentialities of present-day psychoanalysis.
AB  - In a critical review of the current historical situation of psychoanalysis and
      its unique problems, the author considers a variety of specific but interacting
      factors. The potentialities for advance as therapy and science, their
      interrelationship, and the possible channels for such advance are examined. The
      social, clinical, and scientific importance of derivative 'psychotherapies' and
      of rationally flexible boundaries of 'indication' are discussed. As
      differentiated from rational conservatism, the phenomenon of analysts' irrational
      resistance to potential change in basic tenets of technique or theory is held to
      be a critically formidable impediment to the further development of
      psychoanalysis.

PMID- 1099599
TI  - Specious reward: a behavioral theory of impulsiveness and impulse control.

PMID- 1099598
TI  - Activity in chronic schizophrenic patients: comparison of pimozide with
      fluphenazine in a double blind trial.
AB  - A double-blind crossover trial was carried out comparing pimozide with
      fluphenazine.  The effects of the drugs on the activity of 20 chronic inert male
      schizophrenic patients were measured using nursing observations, psychiatric
      rating, and an operant conditioning method.  When activity was assessed in these
      different ways, no significant difference was found between the two drugs on any
      of the measures.  It is concluded that pimozide does not effectively increase the
      activity in such patients.  It is considered that the free operant conditioning
      method used was shown to be a useful measure for comparing therapy in chronic
      schizophrenic patients.

PMID- 1099600
TI  - McCollough effects: experimental findings and theoretical accounts.

PMID- 1099601
TI  - Severe food deprivation: some thoughts regarding its exclusive use.

PMID- 1099602
TI  - Meditation as psychotherapy: a review of the literature.

PMID- 1099603
TI  - Teaching language to nonverbal children--with emphasis on problems of
      generalization.

PMID- 1099604
TI  - Responses to evaluation as a function of initial self-perceptions.

PMID- 1099605
TI  - Neuropharmacological studies on D145 (1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantan).
AB  - The effects of D145 (1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantan) and amantadine on
      dopaminergic mechanisms in the rat were investigated by use of pharmacological
      agents known to disrupt dopamine function, by placing electrolytic lesions in the
      dopamine-containing areas of the extrapyrimidal and mesolimbic systems and by the
      direct application to dopamine sensitive areas. Stereotypy and circling behaviour
      were used as behavioural indices of dopaminergic stimulation and apomorphine and
      d-amphetamine were used as standard dopaminergic agonists. In addition, the
      possible importance of 5-hydroxytryptamine to the dopamine effects was
      investigated using electrolytic lesions of the midbrain raphe nuclei. Both D145
      and amantadine caused a stereotyped behaviour characterized by periodic sniffing,
      repetitive limb movements and biting, but the effect of amantadine was far more
      periodic. In addition D145, but not amantadine, caused marked hyperactivity.
      These behavioural effects were resistant to pretreatment with alpha
      methylparatyrosine but not to combined alpha-methylparatyrosine/reserpine or low
      doses of haloperidol. Also, the prior administration of D145 or amantadine
      inhibited the development of the biting components of apomorphine and d
      amphetamine stereotypy. Both D145 and amantadine caused circling behaviour in
      animals with asymmetric lesions of the medial raphe nucleus or unilateral lesions
      of the substantia nigra but the action of D145 was more intense. Bilateral
      electrolytic lesions placed in the extrapyrimidal (caudate-putamen, globus
      pallidus, substantia nigra), mesolimbic (nucleus accumbens septi, tuberculum
      olfactorium, nucleus interstitialis stria terminalis, nucleus amygdaloideus
      centralis) nuclei or the neuronal pathways supplying them showed D145 and
      amantadine to act in both areas although their action on the extrapyrimidal
      system was most marked. However, of particular note was the significantly greater
      involvement of the substantia nigra with the D145 effect, and the greater
      involvement of the D145 effect with mesolimbic function. Lesions placed in the
      medial and/or dorsal raphe nucleus indicated some involvement of 5
      hydroxytryptamine with the actions of both D145 and amantadine. The bilateral
      intrastriatal application of D145 or amantadine in nialamide pretreated animals
      failed to induce stereotyped or hyperactive behaviour although contralateral
      asymmetries, which were abolished by lesions of the substantia nigra, were
      recorded following the unilateral intrastriatal application of D145 or amantadine
      in haloperidol pretreated animals.

PMID- 1099606
TI  - Psychotropic drugs and impairment of psychomotor functions.
AB  - The present work deals with the effects of psychotropic drug therapy on the
      operation of psychomotor functions used in a clinical examination of suspected
      drunken drivers. 100 psychiatric mental, but otherwise health, patients were
      examined; the type of medication and the number of drugs used varied greatly. In
      71 cases the mean degree of error in the clinical examination was higher, and, in
      several of these, markedly higher than the reference values obtained earlier on
      suspected drunken drivers when the blood contained very small amounts of alcohol
      or none at all. In 18 cases coarsely-divided nystagmus was registered in patients
      on psychotropes. This is an obvious sign of a marked side-effect of medication
      but was present more infrequently than in subjects with after ingestion of
      alcohol. The present results indicate that application of the clinical
      examination method, which was originally developed for and related to the
      examination of alcohol cases, to subjects on psychotropes is adequate, and it is
      possible with clinical examination to obtain valuable medicolegal information on
      the impairment of physiological functions. The present review of suspected
      drugged drivers examined in Helsinki in 1969--1972 also supports this view.

PMID- 1099607
TI  - Period analysis of the electroencephalogram with recording of interval histograms
      of EEG half-wave durations.

PMID- 1099608
TI  - Changes in human tissue donor attitudes: 1969-1974.
AB  - Surveys of various community groups reveals changes in attitudes regarding human
      tissue donation from 1969 to the present.  An overall donor ratio of 67% in 1969
      is compared to a donor volunteer ratio of 78% in 1974.  Both prospective donors
      and nondonors rate various organ transplantation procedures more favorably now
      than in 1969, with nondonors showing a particularly striking rise in evaluation
      of such procedures.  Even transplant operations such as liver or heart, now
      largely abandoned, are viewed more favorably today.  Attitudes concerning giving
      or receiving of blood occupy a special place in donor regard since both donors
      and nondonors overwhelmingly favor blood transfusion and do not differ
      significantly in this respect.

PMID- 1099609
TI  - Time scale of radiation-induced oxygen depletion and decay kinetics of oxygen
      dependent damage in cells irradiated at ultrahigh dose rates.

PMID- 1099610
TI  - Survival of synchronized diploid yeast after ultraviolet irradiation.

PMID- 1099611
TI  - The influence of the lambda prophage on the action of the inducible inhibitor of
      postirradiation DNA degradation.

PMID- 1099612
TI  - The influence of oxygen on the yield of DNA double-strand breaks in x-irradiated
      Escherichia coli K-12.

PMID- 1099613
TI  - Edgar John Rouse.

PMID- 1099614
TI  - Gastrointestinal complications following renal transplantation.
AB  - Gastrointestinal complications developed in 29 (6%) of 510 patients following
      renal transplantation. Thirteen patients (45%) died as a result. Gastrointestinal
      bleeding, usually considered the commonest complication, was seen in only 7
      cases. Other complications included pancreatitis and hyperamylasemia, massive
      ileus, fistulas with abscesses, bowel infarction, peptic ulcers without bleeding,
      obstruction, gangrenous cholecystitis, esophagitis, spontaneous perforation of
      the sigmoid colon, and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. Six patients had no
      clinical or laboratory findings suggesting the underlying gastrointestinal
      complication; it was the radiographic findings that called attention to the acute
      problem.

PMID- 1099615
TI  - Regulation of coronary blood flow.
AB  - A very schematic summary of possible factors that affect coronary vascular
      resistance is illustrated in Fig. 11. These factors are mechanical, myogenic,
      metabolic, and neural. Mechanical influence is passive and is essentially
      determined by the extravascular compression which is important only during
      systole and particularly in the subendocardial layers of the left ventricular
      myocardium. With respect to the myogenic factor it is controversial whether it
      plays a role in adjustments of coronary vascular tone. Metabolic processes are
      possibly integrated at the level of the myocardial cell PO2 which is the
      resultant of oxygen supply and need, which in turn depend on the myocardial
      contractile activity as well as other biochemical processes. A decrease in
      myocardial PO2 gives rise to the release of the vasodilator metabolite adenosine.
      Nevertheless, other chemical factors (H+, K+, osmolarity) known to be released by
      the heart (which by themselves are poor and transient coronary vasodilators and
      whose release does not correspond with changes in coronary resistance) may play a
      role by modulating the coronary sensitivity to adenosine and other factors.

PMID- 1099616
TI  - The interplay of central and peripheral factors in irreversible hemorrhagic
      shock.

PMID- 1099617
TI  - Genetic and biochemical analysis of behavior in mice.

PMID- 1099618
TI  - Muscle membrane.

PMID- 1099619
TI  - [Control of muscle contraction--role of troponin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099620
TI  - [Mechanisms of GTP splitting in protein synthesis: reaction mechansims of factors
      involved in polypeptide elongation and other GTP-requiring reactions (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1099621
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Henryk Prochacki].

PMID- 1099622
TI  - [Isolation of pathogenic Nichols's treponema strains with altered sensitivity to
      penicillin by means of in vivo experiments in rabbits].

PMID- 1099623
TI  - [Clinical studies on the therapeutical usefulness of fluocinolone acetonide T
      butylacetate-- a new topically active corticosteroid].

PMID- 1099624
TI  - [In memoriam: Prof. Leon Tochowicz].

PMID- 1099625
TI  - [Steatorrhea and hepatic cirrhosis: critical review].

PMID- 1099626
TI  - [Serologic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis using microagglutination. Correlation with
      indirect immunofluorescence].

PMID- 1099627
TI  - [Comparative clinical trials of 2 topical cortcoids].

PMID- 1099628
TI  - [Application of continuous positive pressure to the respiratory tract in children
      after heart surgery].

PMID- 1099629
TI  - [Anesthesia and the performance of the heart (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099630
TI  - In vitro studies of the humoral immune response of mice infected with
      Mycobacterium lepraemurium.

PMID- 1099632
TI  - Electrophoretic analysis of solubilized proteins from the membrane OF escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 1099631
TI  - [Bovine paratuberculosis. Comparison of 4 methods of microscopic diagnosis].

PMID- 1099633
TI  - Compatibility studies with the plasmid of Salmonella typhimurium LT2.

PMID- 1099634
TI  - [Isolation and characterization of a strain of E. coli K12 with a mutation
      affecting the transcription].

PMID- 1099635
TI  - [Hommage to the late Dr. Eduardo Cruz Coke L. (1974) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099636
TI  - [Eduardo Cruz-Coke: university teacher].

PMID- 1099637
TI  - [Computer-assisted medical history system at the University of Liege].

PMID- 1099638
TI  - [Dr Jean Dublineau (1900-1975)].

PMID- 1099639
TI  - [Essay on the relationship between act and speech in psychotherapy].

PMID- 1099640
TI  - [Has lithium a value in child psychiatry].

PMID- 1099641
TI  - [Value of clonazepam in the treatment of convulsive manifestations with
      encephalopathies in children, apropos of 28 cases].

PMID- 1099642
TI  - Chymoral in the treatment of lumbar disc prolapse.
AB  - Ninety-three patients with lumbar disc prolapse of less than six months duration
      were treated with Chymoral or an identical placebo in a double-blind study. Those
      patients given Chymoral exhibited significantly greater improvement of straight
      leg raising and received significantly fewer analgesics. However, no difference
      was apparent with regard to other parameters, and similar numbers from both
      groups required further therapy. Over-all, the value of Chymoral in the treatment
      of lumbar disc prolapse seemed little better than a placebo.

PMID- 1099643
TI  - [Our friend Jean Bernard].

PMID- 1099644
TI  - [Surgical and prosthetic approach to the difficulties of fitting in the
      completely edentulous].
AB  - Prosthetic Surgery must not be considered as an exceptional process. It is likely
      to transform the comfort and stability of a complete prosthesis if the
      indications are well laid down. Two elements combine towards its success. 1. The
      surgical action, which may be -- a limited vestibuloplasty, destined to abolish
      the small ligaments, the hyperplasias or the polypoid formations; --an extensive
      vestibuloplasty, intended to deepen the non-retentive vestibules. The process of
      choice is a super-periosteal plasty of the CLARKE or VRASSE and BATAILLE type. It
      may be used above all on the mandible. For the maxilla, CELESNIK's intervention
      may be associated with it; --free skin grafts. They do not always give the
      results anticipated because of the cicatrical retraction which is almost
      constantly observed. 2. The retention is as important as the surgery. It is
      carried out by an anchorage with wires, in a hammock or transcutaneous, and by a
      plate of resin lined with a layer of elastomeres of silicon. The material appears
      very much superior to the sponges of polyvinylic alcohol advocated by VRASSE and
      NETTER.

PMID- 1099645
TI  - Laminate-plasty reconstruction of partial auricular defects A new method.
AB  - The problems surrounding the reconstruction of partial defects of the external
      ear are examined, and a new method is presented for the reconstruction of defects
      of the helix where up to one-half is missing. The operative procedure has the
      following underlying principles: that for ear to sit naturally there must be an 8
      10 mm wide rim of cartilage along the whole periphery; and the three layers of
      the ear, like layers of veneer, can be seaprated from each other and, as flaps,
      reconstruct a defect where the donor area of the ear only needs to have two
      layers. This reconstruction can be carried out ambulatorily, and gives
      satisfactory cosmetic and functional results.

PMID- 1099646
TI  - Transfixation in cross-leg procedures using Hoffman's instruments. Report of
      forty-two cases.
AB  - The Hoffman transfixation equipment for fracture fixation gives simultaneously an
      excellent fixation of a flap in cross-leg procedures. Because of these favourable
      results in 42 cases this method for the fixation of the extremities in predicle
      flap procedures is recommended. It is possible to divide the flaps much earlier
      than is customary. In this material half of the flaps were divided on the 14th
      day or earlier. One or two preoperative flap delays are recommended. The method
      produces safer and faster healing of the flap.

PMID- 1099647
TI  - [Diagnostic significance of the demonstration of fibrin and fibrinogen
      degradation products in the urine].
AB  - The concentration of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in urine (FDPu) was
      measured in samples obtained from 114 patients and 63 clinically healthy
      volunteers, once or repeatedly. The FDP titers measured by the hemagglutination
      inhibition (HI) method corresponded to less than 2.6 mug/ml FDP in all samples
      from healthy controls. Slightly elevated FDP concentrations were found in urine
      obtained from a few patients with disorders not primarily involving the urinary
      tract. The clinical importance of these isolated findings remains unclear.
      Urinary tract infections were not frequently accompanied by elevated FDPu
      concentrations. In patients with glomerulonephritis FDP excretion correlated
      somewhat better with severity of the renal affection. A further group of patients
      showed an unequivocal correlation between FDP excretion in the urine and
      postoperative complications following renal transplantation. However, the
      clinical diagnosis of acute rejection crisis was usually established at the same
      time or even before an increase in FDPu was found. Our results suggest that among
      diagnostic procedures the measurement of FDPu contributes little specific
      information for the evaluation of urinary tract disease. FDPu measurements in the
      immediate postoperative phase following renal transplantation may however be
      important for prognostic evaluation and, in individual cases, predict transplant
      rejection. We also attempted to define the FDPu qualitatively by simultaneous
      measurements using HI and the staphylococcal clumping test (SCT).
      Immunoelectrophoresis confirmed the well-known fact that the SCT detects only
      high-molecular FDP; this limits its clinical usefulness, despite its high
      sensitivity.

PMID- 1099648
TI  - [Endocrine ophthalmology.  An overview of pathology, classification, and
      therapy].
AB  - A new uniform nomenclature will allow more accurate clinical study of endocrine
      ophthalmopathy, a disease that remains an enigma.  Clinical eye disease develops
      in 30-60% of patients with Graves' disease, but the severe malignant form occurs
      in a maximum of 5%, and most of these latter patients have been rendered
      euthyroid or hypothyroid by treatment of the hyperthyroidism.  Despite claims to
      the contrary, there is no convincing evidence that the mode of treatment
      (antithyroid drugs, surgery or radioiodine) has a bearing on the development of
      ophthalmopathy.  Circulating fragments of the TSH-molecule, which produce
      swelling of retroorbital tissue, and as autoimmune processes of the delayed type
      are currently under consideration as causative factors.  Medical treatment of
      endocrine ophthalmopathy has only a limited effect.  In cases of rapid
      progression with deterioration of vision it is recommended that operative
      decompression, preferably into the maxillary and ethmoidal sinus, be performed
      without delay.  Retroorbital administration of 2000 rad by a highly collimated
      megavoltage beam appears to be a valuable alternative to surgery.

PMID- 1099649
TI  - Prostaglandins-a short review.

PMID- 1099650
TI  - [Effects of hexapropymate on sleep in normal humans, measured with a polygraphic
      method].

PMID- 1099651
TI  - Studies of new sympathomimetic beta-receptor stimulating drugs in asthmatic
      patients. III. A comparative trial of subcutaneous terbutaline and trimetoquinol.

PMID- 1099652
TI  - Lymphoid response of the burn patient.
AB  - Clinical observations have long suggested immunologic compromise in burned
      patients. Resolution of the immune system into cooperative dual components of T
      cells mediating delayed hypersensitivity and B-cells  mediating antibody
      responses prompted the present survey of T-cell and B-cell changes after acute
      thermal burn injury. Adults and children sustaining extensive burn injuries were
      studied for up to 60 days after injury. T-cell function was assessed by
      lymphocyte counts, in vitro lymphocyte synthesis of RNA and DNA with and without
      mitogenic stimulation, and lymphocyte response and stimulatory capacities in the
      mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) reaction. B-cell function was studied by
      quantitation of the major classes of circulating immunoglobulins. Transient
      lymphocytopenia, increased RNA and DNA synthesis rates by both mitogenstimulated
      and unstimulated lymphocytes, and impairment of lymphocyte response and
      stimulation in the MLC were observed early in the postburn period. These
      parameters tended to normalize by the third week after injury. Immunoglobulin
      levels, particularly IgG, were depressed significantly the first week postburn,
      but were normal or elevated by 60 days. These studies document both T-cell and B
      cell changes postburn,which appear to be reversible with the recovery phase. A
      transient shift of circulating lymphocytes toward the B-cell type is suggested
      and early depression of immunoglobulin levels is notable. Both types of changes
      likely contribute to the immunologic compromise of the acutely burned patient.

PMID- 1099654
TI  - Josiah C. Nott--a southern physician.

PMID- 1099653
TI  - Diagnosis and management of envenomation by poisonous snakes.

PMID- 1099655
TI  - Value of subtraction in brachiocephalic angiography.

PMID- 1099656
TI  - Dr. Kampmeier honored by AMA.

PMID- 1099657
TI  - Officers Southern Medical Association 1974-1975.

PMID- 1099658
TI  - Editorial: A clinical classification of urinary tract infections based upon
      origin.

PMID- 1099659
TI  - Carcinoma of the renal pelvis: a ten-year review.
AB  - Twenty-two cases of renal pelvic carcinoma are reviewed, of which nine were
      squamous cell and 13 were transitional cell carcinomas. No difference in symptoms
      between the two types was seen except for an increased incidence of a palpable
      mass and weight loss among patients having the squamous cell variety. Thirteen of
      the 22 patients have died of renal pelvic carcinoma. Reasons for the low survival
      rate are discussed. Treatment of transitional cell carcinoma with
      nephroureterectomy and local lymph node dissection is recommended.

PMID- 1099660
TI  - Foreword: Edgar Hull, MD--a few facts.

PMID- 1099661
TI  - Introduction: Edgar Hull Day, May 11, 1973.

PMID- 1099662
TI  - Symposium in honor of Edgar Hull, MD. Internal medicine-its past.

PMID- 1099663
TI  - Autologous bone marrow transplantation.
AB  - Bone marrow cells can be aspirated from patients with malignant disorders, stored
      at low temperatures, and reinfused into the same patient at a later date. In the
      past, the results of this autologous bone marrow transplantation were equivocal.
      With the availability of better methods for cryopreservation and more accurate
      assays for the survival of hemopoietic progenitor cells, there has been a
      resurgence of interest in this procedure.

PMID- 1099664
TI  - Southern thoracic surgery.
AB  - The different cultures of North and South produced surgeons with subtle but
      identifiable differences in approaches to thoracic surgery. Some of these factors
      still represent a strength of the Southern thoracic surgeon, who is, at least
      spiritually, a descendant of early Southern surgical leaders. Background,
      contributions, observations, and attitudes of surgeons of the Confederate States
      of America are examined. Southern thoracic surgeons are urged to demand
      intellectual accomplishment and scientific achievement, even in the face of a
      changing, unstable, unpredictable sociopolitical environment of which we have
      little understanding and even less control.

PMID- 1099665
TI  - Eponym: Bell's palsy.

PMID- 1099666
TI  - [Role of the periodical medical press in the formation of the organizational
      basis for Soviet military field therapy (on the 30th anniversary of the Great
      Victory)].

PMID- 1099667
TI  - [Medicine in ancient Egypt (2d essay)].

PMID- 1099668
TI  - [Physician-humanist and progressive public figure I. V. Leshko-Popel'].

PMID- 1099669
TI  - [Revolutionary L. A. Volkenshtein in Sakhalin].

PMID- 1099670
TI  - [Results of clinical use of different types of intrauterine contraception].

PMID- 1099671
TI  - Letter: More literature on adult illiterates.

PMID- 1099672
TI  - [Nadezda Stanojevic, M.D. 1st woman-pediatrician in our country].

PMID- 1099673
TI  - [Dusan Markovic, M.D. (Feb 10, 1922 - Jan 11, 1975)].

PMID- 1099674
TI  - [Current status of organ transplantation in clinical practice and its future
      perspectives].

PMID- 1099675
TI  - [Various biochemical findings in patients after allogenic kidney transplantation
      with prolonged tolerance of the graft].

PMID- 1099676
TI  - [Secondary kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1099677
TI  - [Problem of cadaverous donors in kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1099678
TI  - [Possible complications during perfusion of the preserved kidney].

PMID- 1099679
TI  - [Bacterial infections in allotransplantations of the kidneys and their
      relationship to rejection].

PMID- 1099680
TI  - [Radioactive fibrinogen in the diagnosis of rejection of a transplanted kidney].

PMID- 1099681
TI  - [Gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients with a transplanted kidney].

PMID- 1099682
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Ivo Macik, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1099683
TI  - [Protracted lymph flow as a complication of kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1099684
TI  - [Indications for liver transplantation].

PMID- 1099685
TI  - [Lymphological aspects of liver transplantation in dogs].

PMID- 1099687
TI  - [Significance of thoracic duct drainage during perfusion of the dog's pancreas in
      situ].

PMID- 1099686
TI  - [Orthotopic liver allotransplantation in pigs (obstruction of the bile ducts,
      liver sepsis and healing of the graft in the longer-surviving animals)].

PMID- 1099688
TI  - [50th birthday of Chief Physician Miloslav Hrbek, M.D., C.Sc].

PMID- 1099689
TI  - [In memory of Cestmir Dolejsi, M.D].

PMID- 1099690
TI  - Letter: Forty years "young" -- the South African Journal of Medical Sciences.

PMID- 1099691
TI  - The treatment of burns by early tangential excision and skin grafting.
AB  - The principles, aims and detailed techniques of tangential excision and skin
      grafting of burns are described. The results and advantages of the method in 28
      burned patients are discussed.

PMID- 1099692
TI  - Malaria prophylaxis.
AB  - A trial of malaria prophylaxis was carried out on 744 army personnel who were
      camping in an endemic area over a 3-month period. Three antimalarial drugs were
      used under strict control and the local population was used as a control, to
      prove that malaria was present during this time. No cases of malaria occurred in
      the trial group during this period.

PMID- 1099693
TI  - Letter: Perspectives in bone marrow transplantation.

PMID- 1099694
TI  - Edendale Hospital, Pietermaritzburg. The first twenty-one years.
AB  - Edendale Hospital celebrates its twenty-first anniversary in 1975. Among non
      teaching hospitals it has led the field in training and advancement of Black
      nurses and it has pioneered the employment of full-time specialists. It claims to
      have the first intensive care unit, the first central sterilising department, and
      the first postoperative recovery room in Southern Africa. Aspects of Edendale's
      early history are recorded.

PMID- 1099695
TI  - In memoriam: Andries Bernardus Wessels Ferreira.

PMID- 1099696
TI  - Letter: Piracetam and pyrithioxine.

PMID- 1099697
TI  - Cell electrophoretic studies on the cellular immune response to Candida albicans
      in rabbits.
AB  - Rabbits were sensitized intracutaneously with Candida albicans total antigen by a
      series of booster injections. The electrophoretic migration time of lymph node
      lymphocytes was related to the time after injection. Two lymphocyte sub
      populations could be distinguished. The proportion of each, changed during the
      course of the immune response. Characteristic changes also took place after in
      vitro incubation with Candidin. The results have been compared with agglutination
      titers and are discussed in relation to bursa and thymus-derived cells. The
      electrophoretic method may be valuable for the diagnosis of candidiasis.

PMID- 1099698
TI  - Amino acid synthetic media for fungal pathogens based on aminopeptidase
      specificities: Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermititidis, Paracoccidioides
      brasiliensis and Cryptococcus neoformans.
AB  - The development of simple and chemically defined liquid media for Histoplasma
      capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Crypto
      occus neoformans according to their aminopeptidases profiles as amino acid
      requirement was described. When 1.5% purified agar was added, these media also
      supported excellent mycelial growth and sporulation of the deep mycoses. H.
      capsulatum was converted to and maintained in yeast phase when 0.1% L-cystine was
      added to the solid medium incubated at 37 degrees C.

PMID- 1099699
TI  - Immunoglobulin classes of antibodies to Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with
      pulmonary aspergillosis.
AB  - An indirect immunofluorescence test was used to determine the titre and
      immunoglobulin classes of antibodies to Aspergillus fumigatus in human serum. In
      15 patients with aspergillosis, significant titres of IgG but not IgA or IgM
      antibodies were found. The IgG, IgA and IgM fractions of serum from 2 patients
      with aspergillosis were separated. This confirmed that antibodies to A. fumigatus
      reside in highest titre in the IgG fraction. Precipitating antibodies to A.
      fumigatus in these patients also belonged to the IgG class of immunoglobulin.

PMID- 1099701
TI  - Surgical treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.

PMID- 1099700
TI  - Quantitative tissue invasion of the murine brain as a phenotypic marker of strain
      virulence in Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - In this study the extent of fungal invasion in tissues of the target organs
      (brain, heart and kidney) has been quantitated histologically in DBA/2J mice
      inoculated intravenously with 3 strains of Aspergillus nidulans of different
      virulence. This was done to determine the relation between tissue invasion and
      strain virulence as determined by time-mortality bioassay. It was found that
      quantitatively tissue invasion by A. nidulans was target organ specific. Relative
      tissue invasion within each of the tissues examined was dependent on the strain
      of A. nidulans injected. In the brain a direct relationship between strain
      virulence and the extent of tissue invasion was found. This relationship was not
      observed in the other 2 target organs. The observations suggest that an important
      phenotypic marker of murine virulence in A. nidulans is the relative ability to
      invade the tissues of the murine brain.

PMID- 1099702
TI  - Respiratory care following open heart surgery.
AB  - Respiratory care of patients undergoing open heart surgery should begin in the
      preoperative period. Patients must stop smoking, and if obese they are encouraged
      to lose weight. Pulmonary infection is treated and secretions must be eliminated.
      Postoperative hypoxemia, which is an expected event following anesthesia and
      surgery, is aggravated by circulatory instability and pulmonary complications.
      Following open heart surgery pulmonary complications such as atelectasis,
      congestion, edema, postperfusion lung, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, and
      hemothorax are common. Respiratory care should be planned to avoid these
      complications and to treat them promptly should they occur. Routinely every
      patient is mechanically ventilated for at least 12 to 18 hours following surgery.
      The type of ventilator used and its parameters are adjusted according to the
      clinical condition of the patient to maintain adequate oxygenation and to prevent
      any respiratory acidosis. When indicated, PEEP is applied to improve arterial
      oxygenation. Respiratory care is extended for at least 5 days after termination
      of artificial ventilation. Oxygen therapy is given with either a nasal catheter
      or a mask, according to the patient's need. IPPB and physiotherapy are continued
      until the patient shows no signs of pulmonary infection and is capable of
      effectively eliminating secretions. This routine management and extended
      postoperative respiratory care definitely contribute to the successful outcome of
      open heart surgery.

PMID- 1099703
TI  - Use of ileal reservoir following proctocolectomy.
AB  - A study of 37 patients who underwent ileostomy and creation of an ileal reservoir
      revealed that all had satisfactory pouches. In the 24 patients in whom a nipple
      valve was created, the stoma was continent in 21. In the patients without a
      nipple valve, about one-half are continent. There have been no skin problems in
      any of the 37 patients. In two patients, the reservoir has been removed, one
      because of obstruction and the other at the election of the patinet. Although
      ileostomy with an ileal reservoir does not solve all of the problems, it offers
      patients who have undergone proctocolectomy for chonic ulcerative colitis or
      multiple neoplastic disease a better quality of life than does ileostomy alone.
      An appliance need not be worn constantly, and the stoma can be flush with the
      skin edge and placed low in the abdominal wall. Nevertheless, management problems
      do exist in some patients, and the patients are exposed to complications similar
      to those in any patient who has undergone a major abdominal surgical procedure
      that involves resection of intestine and creation of an intestinal stoma. Our
      group is optimistic regarding the use of this procedure in selected patients.

PMID- 1099704
TI  - A mathematical analysis of the rhomboid flap.

PMID- 1099705
TI  - Alfonso Asenjo.

PMID- 1099706
TI  - Henry L. Heyl, 1906-1975.

PMID- 1099707
TI  - Clinical and physiological aspects of the cortical visual prosthesis.

PMID- 1099708
TI  - Moorfields Eye Hospital, 1925-1940.

PMID- 1099709
TI  - [The great victory and medicine].

PMID- 1099710
TI  - [Diseases of the internal organs during the Great Patriotic War (survey)].

PMID- 1099711
TI  - [Outstanding military therapeutists during the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1099712
TI  - [Military-field therapy and current problems of Soveit medicine on the 30th
      anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945].

PMID- 1099713
TI  - [Progress of pharmacology and difficulties of pharmacotherapy].

PMID- 1099714
TI  - [Comparison of two antipsychotic drugs: chlorpromazine and clozapine (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1099715
TI  - [Regarding hypotension as a result of psychotropic medicaments: comparative study
      of two medical correctors (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099716
TI  - [Ethical problems in clinical research at pediatric departments].

PMID- 1099717
TI  - [Infantile cortical hyperostosis (morbus Caffey)].

PMID- 1099718
TI  - [Choleresis, choleretics and motility of the bile ducts].

PMID- 1099719
TI  - [Dopamine effects on the pulmonary circulation of innervated and autotransplanted
      lungs (author's transl)].
AB  - The effects of dopamine on the pulmonary vascular resistance were investigated in
      7 normal and 9 autotransplanted canine lungs during perfusion in situ. Dopamine
      (up to 13,5 gamma/kg BW, rapid injection) acts as a vasoconstrictor by alpha
      receptor stimulation. Vasodilative effects could not be registered neither by
      very small amounts of dopamine nor during alpha-blockade with phentolamine. No
      difference could be detected between the vascular reactions of normal and
      autotransplanted lungs.

PMID- 1099720
TI  - Characterization of triplet states by optical spectroscopy.

PMID- 1099721
TI  - Reactions of aromatic nitro compounds via excited triplet states.

PMID- 1099722
TI  - A theoretical approach to heterogeneous reactions in non-isothermal low pressure
      plasma.

PMID- 1099723
TI  - Stereochemistry of the reactions of optically active organometallic transition
      metal compounds.

PMID- 1099724
TI  - Dynamics of intramolecular metal-centered rearrangement reactions of tris-chelate
      complexes.

PMID- 1099725
TI  - [Adhesive sealing of fissures and pits for the prevention of caries. Review].
AB  - Conformably to the order received, the present contribution aims, as desired by
      the editor, at meeting the information requirements of the practitioner as
      completely as possible. For that reason, the cruical points are stressed. This
      complex of questions is also analysed from the aspect of the author's opinion.
      This analysis is intended for aiding the reader in processing source material and
      in forming his own opinion. Starting from the epidemiological foundation of the
      necessity of caries prevention, the author integrates the method of adhesive
      sealing and describes the necessary materials and the various steps of the
      procedure. The article centers in a critical interpretation of its preventive
      efficiency in clinic and experiment and ends in an outlook.

PMID- 1099726
TI  - [Prosthetic aids in the resection of the middle portion of the mandible].
AB  - Prosthetic aids in resections of the middle piece of the mandible. The authors
      describe a prosthesis which is inserted during the resection of the middle piece
      of the mandible. Due to its construction it prevents the soft tissues of the
      floor of the mouth from sinking back. Such a prosthesis has been used in 18
      cases. Respiratory complications did not occur; no tracheotomy was necessary.
      During the postoperative phase, the prosthesis came up to expectations, but it
      could not prevent cicatricial contraction in the operating area. Occlusion
      conformable positioning of the fragments will be achieved only it the remaining
      teeth are suited for function-stable prosthetic care. Consequently, secondary
      osteoplasty should not be abandoned.

PMID- 1099727
TI  - Specificity and immunosuppressive potency of a rabbit antimouse T cell-specific
      antiserum.
AB  - An attempt was made to prepare a specific heterologous rabbit antimouse T cell
      antiserum (anti-MTLA) by absorbing rabbit antimouse thymocyte globulin (ATG) with
      spleen cells from BALB/c TXBM mice. Cytotoxicity data showed that whereas ATG was
      cytotoxic to both T and B cells, anti-MTLA was highly cytotoxic to only T cells.
      Whereas spleen cells treated with ATG and complement (C) failed to respond in all
      assays studied, spleen cells treated with anti-MTLA and C: (1) responded to the B
      cell mitogens but failed to respond to the T cell mitogens; (2) were able to
      stimulate allogeneic spleen cells but failed to respond to mixed lymphocyte
      culture (3) failed to act as T killer cells in the CML reaction but retained
      their ability to kill antibody-coated target cells; and (4) did not cause a graft
      versus-host reaction when injected in allogeneic mice and increased their
      survival significantly. Furthermore, anti-MTLA was just as immunosuppressive in
      vivo as ATG in its ability to suppress the immune response to sheep red blood
      cells and prolong skin allograft survival. Anti-MTLA was found to be different in
      specificities from anti-theta serum by several points: (1) it was cytotoxic for T
      cells from both theta-C3H and theta-AKR mice; (2) it was highly immunosuppressive
      in vivo when compared to anti-theta serum; (3) absorption of anti-MTLA with mouse
      brain did not decrease the immunosuppressive activity; and (4) rabbit antimouse
      brain antiserum failed to show any immunosuppressive activity. These data
      indicate that anti-MTLA is a specific antiserum against a unique marker on T
      cells distinct from the theta marker.

PMID- 1099728
TI  - The role of the spleen in the rejection and enhancement of renal allografts in
      the rat.
AB  - As rats were splenectomised up to 7 weeks before or at the time of receiving an
      (AS times August)F1 kidney allograft. Only 2 of 19 splenectomised recipients
      rejected their grafts within 12 days, and 14 of the 19 survived for more than 100
      days. All 19 splenectomised recipients had a marked and often complete
      suppression of the lymphocytotoxic antibody response to the graft. In contrast,
      splenecotomy had no effect in suppressing the rejection of (AS times August)F1
      renal allografts transplanted to AS recipients previously immunised with August
      lymphoid tissue, or in AS recipients of homozygous August renal allografts.
      Splenectomised recipients could be reconstituted with spleen cells from
      sensitised but not from normal AS rats. Splenectomy was found neither to augment
      nor diminish the effectiveness of passive enhancement of (AS times August)F1 or
      August kidneys in AS recipients. Splenectomy of AS recipients 2 or 4 days after
      an (AS times August)F1 renal allograft was as effective as pregraft splenectomy
      in suppressing rejection, but there was a deficiency of long survivors in a group
      splenectomised 1 day after grafting. A working hypothesis to explain these
      results is presented, and their clinical relevance is discussed.

PMID- 1099729
TI  - The treatment of rejection. A trial of acetylsalicylic acid, dipyridamole, and
      heparin.
AB  - Serial studies of platelet and fibrinogen survival were performed in 26
      nonimmunosuppressed dogs after allogenic renal transplant operations. Treatment
      with acetylsalicylic acid, dipyridamole, and heparin failed to improve the
      selective platelet destruction which occurred in untreated animals, and it did
      not improve postoperative longevity. There was a high incidence of postoperative
      wound and intrarenal hemorrhage after heparin treatment. These results are
      consistent with the hypothesis that platelet destruction is a consequence rather
      than the cause of acute graft rejection, and it is concluded that antithrombotic
      therapy is not of practical benefit in preventing acute rejection.

PMID- 1099730
TI  - Enhancement of skin grafts in the mouse. The combined used of specific and
      nonspecific immunosuppression.
AB  - Enhancement of skin grafts in mice by passively administered alloantiserum was
      examined in conjunction with the simultaneous use of other immunosuppressive
      regimens. It could be clearly shown that when a "weak" antilymphocyte serum (ALS)
      was used, a significant further prolongation of graft survival occurred over that
      obtained with the enhancing antiserum alone, and these two separate effects were
      synergistic. When a "strong" ALS was used, no synergistic effects were apparent
      unless the enhancing alloantiserum was given almost continuously. A similar, but
      less impressive synergism was seen when the enhancing alloantiserum and
      azathioprine were used together. Azathioprine, like ALS, presumably acts on T
      cells, whereas drugs directed against B cells, such as cyclophosphamide and
      prednisolone, failed to show any synergistic effect.

PMID- 1099731
TI  - Humoral antibody suppression with rabbit antimouse bone marrow serum.

PMID- 1099732
TI  - Resection of de novo lung cancer after renal transplantation.

PMID- 1099733
TI  - Passive enhancement of renal allografts. Specificity of the enhancing antisera.

PMID- 1099734
TI  - Kidney preservation using combinations of Belzer and Collins techniques.
AB  - A study was designed to test the advisability of using combined Belzer and
      Collins preservation in kidney-sharing programs. Dogs were randomly assigned to
      seven groups and no donor pretreatment was used. In group 1, left kidneys were
      removed from dogs; were flushed with Collins solution; and were autotransplanted
      immediately. In groups 2 through 7, dog kidneys were preserved for 24 hr using
      combined techniques. The percentage of Collins preservation included in each
      group was increased progressively until, in Group 7, Collins alone was used.
      Contralateral nephrectomies were performed at the time of autotransplantation.
      Between 4 and 8 dogs survived in each group, yielding 43 6-week survivors. Sixty
      six per cent of group 7 animals and greater than 90% of animals in other groups
      survived 6 weeks after transplantation. Average creatinine and blood urea
      nitrogen values on days 3,7, and 42 showed a progressive increase in kidney
      damage from groups 1 through 7. As the percentage of time the kidneys were
      subjected to Collins preservation was increased, the quality of kidney
      preservation decreased in a progressive manner. This study suggests that Belzer
      and Collins techniques can be combined, but superior preservation was obtained
      when the majority of preservation was on the Belzer apparatus.

PMID- 1099735
TI  - Characteristics of specific unresponsiveness toward kidney and skin allografts in
      adult rats inoculated at birth with allogenic bone marrow or kidney cells across
      a strong H-1 barrier.
AB  - Specific unresponsiveness inducible in newborn Lewis (Le) rats by injection of
      bone marrow or kidney cells from (Bu x Le)F1 hybrids was tested in adults by
      allografting of skin or kidneys from strongly incompatible Buffalo (Bu) strain
      donors. High doses of bone marrow cells (10(7) or more) proved quite effective in
      procuring indefinite survival of subsequent Bu kidney allografts, but not Bu skin
      allografts. Kidney allografts remained fully functional without modulation of
      their inherent immunogenicity regardless whether skin allografts were acutely
      rejected before or after kidney grafting on bone marrow-tolerant recipients.
      Lower doses of bone marrow cells were either near threshold for induction of
      specific Bu kidney allograft tolerance (5 x 10(6)) or, conversely, led to
      increased immunity(1-5 x 106). A strikingly different pattern of reactivity was
      found in adult Le recipients of Bu skin allografts as shown by only a moderate,
      but stepwise increase in survival times as a function of increasing allogeneic
      cell dosage at birth. Allogeneic kidney cells at all doses were surprisingly
      ineffective in inducing tolerance of either kidney or skin allografts, so the
      existence of kidney-specific transplantation antigens remains problematical.
      Lymphocytes from kidney allograft-tolerant recipients showed much reduced but
      still significant antidonor activity in several tests of cell-mediated immunity
      in vitro and in vivo. Blocking antibody activity was also demonstrable in these
      animals. Acquired tolerance (i.e., essential nonreactivity) may not only exist in
      degrees in either T or B cell pathways but may coexist with specific
      immunoblocking reactions in a dynamic equilibrium. Instead of tolerance versus
      enhancement, a new concept of selective specific immunoregulation emerges.

PMID- 1099736
TI  - Hyperacute rejection of skin allografts in the mouse. Sensitivity of ingrowing
      skin grafts to the action of alloantibody and rabbit complement.
AB  - The destructive action of alloantiserum and exogenous complement on ingrowing
      skin allografts was studied. B6AF1 recipients of a B10.D2 skin graft received a
      single intravenous injection of B6AF1 anti-B10.D2 serum (antiserum to H-2K.31)
      together with rabbit complement (RC) within the first 10 days after
      transplantation. Different models were used: recipients without
      immunosuppression, recipients treated with antilymphocyte serum, x-irradiation,
      or enhancing antibody. If the injection was given between day 5 and 10 after
      grafting, hyperacute rejection occurred in all cases. The rejection seemed to be
      most violent when the injection was given on days 7 or 8. Injections given on
      days 1, 2 or 3 after grafting could not induce hyperacute-rejection, but
      resulted, on the contrary, in a prolongation of graft survival, probably due to
      immunological enhancement. Injections on day 4 produced patchy necrosis, but the
      grafts recovered and the residual tissue showed a prolonged survival. The results
      suggest that the presence of a functioning vascular network is a prerequisite for
      the occurrence of hyperacute rejection of skin allografts in the mouse.

PMID- 1099738
TI  - Portal venous drainage of renal transplants in pigs.

PMID- 1099737
TI  - Surface properties and functional characteristics of infiltrating cells harvested
      from acutely rejecting cardiac allografts in inbred rats.
AB  - Viable, functioning effector cells exerting donor specific cytotoxic properties
      have been removed, with their surface properties intact, from acutely rejecting
      cardiac allografts in rats to define immunological events occurring within the
      grafts themselves. Macrophages comprised 15 to 25% of the cells harvested;
      lymphocytes comprised about 75%. A few polymorphonuclear leukocytes
      (approximately 5%) were present consistently. Lymphocytes bearing surface Ig, B
      cells, made up 35 to 47% of the mononuclear cells collected. The remaining
      lymphocytes were presumptive T cells. The surfact attributes of the infiltrating
      cells were compared to those of cells from recipient peripheral blood, spleen and
      lymph nodes, and to those from isografted controls. Many of the B lymphocytes
      possessed Fc receptors but were virtually unable to form erythrocyteantibody
      complement (EAC) rosettes, in contrast to splenocytes which formed approximately
      30% EAC rosettes. Specific cytotoxicity against donor alloantigen-bearing cells,
      as tested in a 51Cr release assay, was shown to be a T cell function by serial
      fractionation experiments. Peak cytotoxicity of infiltrating T cells occurred
      early during the rejection process, while that of cells from recipient blood and
      lymphoid tissues occurred only following complete graft destruction. Antibody
      dependent lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity (Ab-LMC) was demonstrated following
      gentle trypsinization or overnight incubation of the cells. Differing effector
      cell populations could be distinguished by treatment of anti-Ig and complement;
      direct donor-specific lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity was not disrupted by this
      treatment, while Ab-LMC was abolished.

PMID- 1099739
TI  - Fatty acid utilization during perfusion.

PMID- 1099740
TI  - "Spare parts" revisited.

PMID- 1099741
TI  - Surface markers on canine lymphocytes.

PMID- 1099742
TI  - Partial joint transplantation in the dog: a preliminary report.

PMID- 1099743
TI  - Host responses to blood transfusions after transplantation of a DL-A-identical
      kidney.

PMID- 1099744
TI  - Effect of anti-donor serum (ADS) and donor cells on renal allograft survival in
      DL-A tissue-typed littermate beagles.
AB  - The influence of passive and active immunization on kidney allograft survival was
      tested in littermate beagles differing in one and two DL-A haplotypes.
      Immunization by treatment of recipients with hyperimmune antidonor serum (ADS)
      prolonged graft survival only in a few donor-recipient combinations differing in
      one DL-A haplotype. All ADS batches that were tested in MLC reaction did block
      this reaction, but no correlation with its in vivo activities was found.
      Hyperimmunization of recipients with donor lymphoid cells before grafting caused
      a second-set rejection, whereas one injection with donor blood did so only in
      14%, with antibody production and accelerated rejection. A short course of horse
      antidog lymphocyte serum (HADLS) prolonged kidney graft survival. The addition of
      intravenously given donor bone-marrow cells to this protocol did not lead to a
      further increase in graft survival.

PMID- 1099745
TI  - Survival times of skin and kidney grafts within different canine species in
      relation to their genetic markers.

PMID- 1099746
TI  - Interactions of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and obesity as coronary risk
      factors.

PMID- 1099747
TI  - Comparison of tritiated hypoxanthine, adenine and adenosine for purine-salvage
      incorporation into nucleic acids of the malarial parasite, Plasmodium berghei.
AB  - This study was accomplished to examine the relative importance of different
      metabolic precursors of nucleic acid synthesis in the malarial parasite, P.
      berghei. Three possible pathways for incorporation of Adenine (type) compounds
      exist: 1) incorporation via hypoxanthine, 2) via adenine, or 3) via adenosine.
      The parasitized cell and erythrocyte-free malarial parasite were both examined
      because of possible metabolic differences that could be encountered. Hypoxanthine
      was clearly the best precursor at both levels with extra-incorporation in the
      presence of allopurinol (10(-4)M), which protects oxidative metabolism of
      hypoxanthine. Adenosine was less efficient in its incorporation into nucleic
      acids at both levels. Adenine was clearly the poorest precursor being extremely
      less efficient compared to hypoxanthine 1/50 at parasitized cell level and 1/100
      at the free parasite level. At both levels adenine seemed to be slightly more
      efficient in the presence of allopurinol and this appeared to be a similar to the
      incorporation via adenosine with allopurinol. In both cases, part of the
      incorporation could be coming via conversion to hypoxanthine because allopurinol
      protects oxidation of hypoxanthine via inhibition of xanthine oxidase. With the
      prior observation of Manandhar and Van Dyke that adenosine is converted to
      hypoxanthine outside or on the surface of the malarial parasite one is lead to
      conclude that of the three pathways the hypoxanthine pathway is probably the
      major and possibly the almost totally important pathway making hypoxanthine's
      uptake and/or conversion to inosine monophosphate a key event of metabolic and
      chemotherapeutic importance.

PMID- 1099748
TI  - [Comparative morphological studies on the kinetoplast of various species of
      trypanosomes, with special reference to trypanosoma cruzi (author's transl)].
AB  - Comparative electron microscope studies on the morphology of the kinetoplast DNA
      (K-DNA) of the epimastigotes in many trypanosome species were carried out under
      standardized conditions. The K-DNA shows a morphological variation during the
      cell cycle of culture forms of the trypanosome species under study. In
      longitudinal sections of the kinetoplast, the K-DNA of T. cruzi appears as a
      compact trabecular structure; as a relatively disaggregated unit, with a central
      band or in a transitional stage between these forms. The conspicuous central band
      of the K-DNA which occurs at the beginning of cell division when the basal body
      is duplicated, could be demonstrated in all the 8 T. cruzi isolates studied. This
      has been found in the human-pathogen strains as well as in the T. cruzi-like
      trypanosomes of wild animals. In contrast, in comparable developmental stages of
      T. conorhini, T. rangeli and two strains of T. lewisi, this structural
      configuration of the K-DNA could not be observed. Based on these results, the
      extent to which the central band of K-DNA may be used in differentiating between
      trypanosomes is discussed. These findings may also reflect the present state of
      knowledge, as based on the study of 12 trypanosome isolates, so that corrections
      or additions may be lateron possible.

PMID- 1099749
TI  - A serological study on human Trypanosoma rhodesiense infections using a micro
      scale enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
AB  - A micro-scale enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for African trypanosomiasis is
      described. The test uses very small quantities of sera and with T. brucei antigen
      is sensitive in detecting T. rhodesiense infections in man. Cross reactions occur
      with antisera to, and antigens of, Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma cruzi.

PMID- 1099750
TI  - [Antigenic translocation of the "carcinoembryonic antigen" in colonic neoplasms].
AB  - The localization of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the colon tumours was
      studied with the indirect Coons test. The localization of CEA in malignant cells
      was different from that in the normal colon mucosa. In addition, an essential
      secretion of this antigen may occur in neoplasms. The alteretion of the antigen
      position in pathologically changed cells or its secretion, differing from that in
      normal tissue, is referred to as the antigenic translocation.

PMID- 1099751
TI  - [Simple apparatus for drying cytological specimens by the "critical point"
      method].
AB  - A simple modification of the critical-point drying apparatus is described. This
      modification was effectively used for preparation of normal and malignant cell
      cultures using the scanning electron microscopy.

PMID- 1099752
TI  - [Anesthesia and hypertension].

PMID- 1099753
TI  - Early disappearance of proteinuria attributed to the original kidneys after
      kidney transplantation.

PMID- 1099754
TI  - [Doctor Adrien Duchesne, the first medico-legal expert in New France, 1639].

PMID- 1099755
TI  - [Incorporation of the University of Montreal].

PMID- 1099756
TI  - [Ultrastructural localization of hypothalamic hormones].

PMID- 1099757
TI  - [Determination of cardiac output using a system of cinescintigraphy].

PMID- 1099758
TI  - [Prolonged cardiorespiratory assistance. Effect on the type of extracorporeal
      derivation on cardiac output].

PMID- 1099759
TI  - [Evaluation of hypophyseal LH reserve in normal women and in women with secondary
      amenorrhea].

PMID- 1099760
TI  - [Drawing of a man: development of the number of elements by age and school
      level].

PMID- 1099761
TI  - [History of the medical profession in Quebec: IX. Laval Medical School,
      Montreal].

PMID- 1099762
TI  - [Reconstruction of the parietal pleura and thoracic wall through epiploic
      transposition and skin grafting. A case of mammary carcinomatosis with
      radionecrosis of the wall].

PMID- 1099763
TI  - [History of the medical profession in Quebec: XIII. The new medical school].

PMID- 1099764
TI  - [Variants of surgical technic of kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1099765
TI  - Renal transplantation in the rat. I. Studies concerning the ureteral anastomosis
      with special reference to the end-to-end technique.
AB  - End-to-end anastomosis of the rat ureter over an in-dwelling silastic splint
      gives good primary results and a low frequency of complications. This technique
      has been used when reconstructing the ureter in situ and in renal
      transplantation.

PMID- 1099767
TI  - New spigot attachment to facilitate asepsis.

PMID- 1099766
TI  - Management of children with urinary tract infections: the Stanford experience.
AB  - Two hundred seventy-eight female children with urinary tract infections have been
      evaluated at Stanford division of urology. All children were followed up for a
      period of not less than twelve months. Age of onset of infection, clinical
      presentation, and nature of infecting organisms were observed. The group
      consisted of 144 children without ureteral reflux and 134 children with ureteral
      reflux. Sixty-one of the female children with ureteral reflux had ureteral
      reimplantation, while 73 received medical treatment alone. A study of infection
      rates in each of the three groups of children indicated a similar infection rate,
      although those children with reflux experienced a higher incidence of clinical
      pyelonephritis. Correction of ureteral reflux did not alter the infection rate;
      however, infections after surgical correction were generally of a type usually
      associated with children without reflux. Twenty-nine children had urethral
      dilatation, and the infection rate prior to and following urethral dilatation
      indicated a similar rate of infection pre- and posturethral dilatation. One
      hundred nonrefluxing kidneys were observed radiologically: 97 were normal and 3
      showed clubbing and scarring. Of 110 refluxing renal units observed, 62 were
      clubbed and scarred and 48 were normal. Following surgical correction of reflux,
      renal clubbing and scarring were not observed in previously normal renal units.
      Of those renal units found to be abnormal at time of surgery, 66 per cent showed
      progression of clubbing and scarring after surgical correction of reflux. It was
      observed that the greater the degree of reflux present, the higher the incidence
      of renal damage. This study suggests that children who experience recurrent
      urinary tract infections who do not have ureteral reflux are seldom at renal
      risk; similar children who do have ureteral reflux are at risk unless the
      infections are controlled or the reflux either disappears or is corrected
      surgically.

PMID- 1099769
TI  - Iron leather-covered ball.

PMID- 1099768
TI  - Hypothalamic and pituitary function in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
AB  - Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism has been identified as a cause of partial or
      complete failure of puberty, may be familial and may have other associated
      abnormalities of hyposmia, intellectual retardation, perceptive deafness, color
      blindness, skeletal deformities, and gynecomastia. Pituitary function is usually
      normal with the primary defect believed to be hypothalamic. A twenty-year-old
      white male with a clinical diagnosis of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia
      under-went complete endocrine evaluation with evaluation of the pituitary
      response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. FSH (follicle-stimulating
      hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone) release after luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone did occur, but the response was less than that seen in normal controls.
      Evaluation demonstrated that the pituitary-gonadal axis was intact with the
      hypothalamic-pituitary axis being defective. Therapy with the synthetic
      decapeptide (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) is correct theoretically and
      may be superior to therapy with exogenous gonadotropins.

PMID- 1099770
TI  - Use of horseshoe kidney in renal transplantation: technical aspects.
AB  - The incidence and etiology of horseshoe kidneys and their structural
      abnormalities are discussed. Previously, patients with horseshoe kidneys have
      been considered undesirable donors for renal transplantation. Two cases of
      horseshoe kidney transplantation are presented, apparently, the first reported
      utilization of such a donor for transplantation, along with important aspects of
      surgical technique.

PMID- 1099771
TI  - Periureteric fibrosis complicating kidney transplantation.
AB  - Impairment of renal function developed in a kidney transplant recipient three
      years after the transplant due to ureteric obstruction. At operation this was
      found to be due to periureteric fibrosis. Ureterolysis was performed with
      subsequent return of renal function.

PMID- 1099772
TI  - Irving H. Leopold, MD.

PMID- 1099773
TI  - Current status of allergic immunotherapy.

PMID- 1099774
TI  - Grant's cancer.

PMID- 1099775
TI  - Symposium on surgical techniques in small animal practice. Gastrotomy and
      pyloroplasty.

PMID- 1099776
TI  - Symposium on surgical techniques in small animal practice. Cystotomy.

PMID- 1099777
TI  - Symposium on surgical techniques in small animal practice. Surgical management of
      canine mammary tumors.

PMID- 1099778
TI  - The repair of equine fractures 1843-1975.

PMID- 1099779
TI  - Genetics and disease in domestic animals with particular reference to dairy
      cattle.

PMID- 1099780
TI  - Letter: Treatment of clinical mastitis.

PMID- 1099781
TI  - The nature and origin of a class of essential gene substitutions in bacteriophage
      lambda.

PMID- 1099782
TI  - Studies on temperature sensitive growth of phage phi 80. I. Prophage excision.

PMID- 1099783
TI  - The role of the genes imm and s in the development of immunity against T4 ghosts
      and exclusion of superinfecting phage in Escherichia coli infected with T4.

PMID- 1099784
TI  - The helper dependence of satellite bacteriophage P4: which gene functions of
      bacteriophage P2 are needed by P4?

PMID- 1099785
TI  - Macromolecular synthesis in T7 infected F' cells.

PMID- 1099786
TI  - Specialized transduction of pro genes by coliphage P1: structure of a partly
      diploid P1-pro prophage.

PMID- 1099787
TI  - [Health problems of workmen on the pages of the 1st issue of the oldest Czech
      workers' daily newspaper "Rovnost'].

PMID- 1099788
TI  - [Work of Prof. Miloslav Matousek, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1099789
TI  - [Problems of medical support for the Navy in World War II].

PMID- 1099790
TI  - [Medical support for the air forces in World War II].

PMID- 1099791
TI  - [Military field surgery in World War II and prospects for its further
      development].

PMID- 1099792
TI  - [Improvement in the organization of therapeutic aid in World War II].

PMID- 1099793
TI  - [A great feat of the Soviet people].

PMID- 1099794
TI  - [Sanitary and hygienic support of the troops in World War II].

PMID- 1099795
TI  - [Experience with epidemic control support of troops in World War II and its
      importance under modern conditions].

PMID- 1099796
TI  - [Role of the army surgeon in organizing medical aid for the wounded in World War
      II].

PMID- 1099797
TI  - [Landing force medics in the enemy's rear].

PMID- 1099798
TI  - [Medical support of the troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front in the Budapest
      Operation].

PMID- 1099799
TI  - [Military medics, holders of regimental commanders' decorations].

PMID- 1099800
TI  - [Experience with medical support for the Soviet Armed Forces in World War II and
      modern problems of military medicine].

PMID- 1099801
TI  - [Medical support of the 4th Guards Infantry Division in the battles for the
      liberation of Hungary].

PMID- 1099802
TI  - [75th anniversary of the Department of Military Traumatology and Orthopedics of
      the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy].

PMID- 1099803
TI  - [Use of dicynon as a hemostatic agent in tooth extraction].

PMID- 1099804
TI  - [Stereotaxic longitudinal hippocampotomy and its prospects in the treatment of
      epilepsy].
AB  - A description is offered of a new method of stereotaxic longitudinal
      hippocampotomy that ensures an electrosubcorticographic precise location of an
      epileptogenic focus in the hippocampus and its selective destruction. A positive
      therapeutic effect was achieved in 13 patients operated upon by using this
      method.

PMID- 1099806
TI  - Shousha Foundation Award.

PMID- 1099805
TI  - [Titration of antibodies to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus by the method of
      indirect immunofluorescence].
AB  - Antibody to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus was determined by the indirect
      immunofluorescence test in immune sera of guinea pigs and immune ascitic fluids
      of rats and mice. Among 135 patients with aseptic meningitis serum antibody was
      found in 11 patients in titers of 1 : 64 to 1 : 128 and in the cerebro-spinal
      fluid of these patients in considerably lower titers. By the indirect
      immunofluorescence test antibody in maximum titers was found early after the
      appearance of meningeal symptoms.

PMID- 1099807
TI  - Obituary: Dr I-Chi Fang.

PMID- 1099808
TI  - Psychological sequelae of elective abortion.
AB  - A mild, short, depressive and guilt ridden period following abortion is quite
      common, but a severe psychological reaction is rare. The indication for the
      abortion and the preabortal psychological state of the patient are the two most
      important factors. Almost all reported instances of postabortion psychoses have
      occurred in patients who had severe preabortal psychiatric problems. Women
      undergoing abortion for socioeconomic or psychosocial indications appear to be at
      minimal risk for long-term negative psychological sequelae. In contrast, women in
      whom abortion is carried out because of exposure to rubella and the risk of fetal
      malformation, maternal organic disease or the prenatal diagnosis of a genetically
      defective fetus are at greater risk and may need supportive psychotherapy.

PMID- 1099810
TI  - Recommendations for some Medi-Cal improvement.

PMID- 1099811
TI  - [Attempts at setting up a Medical School in the City of Lodz between the 2 World
      Wars].

PMID- 1099812
TI  - [Precursors of industrial medicine].

PMID- 1099809
TI  - Animal models of glycogen storage conditions. Their relation to human disease.

PMID- 1099813
TI  - [Etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis].

PMID- 1099814
TI  - [Therapeutic use of L-dopa].

PMID- 1099815
TI  - [Social aspects of the fight against tuberculosis in Poland at the turn of the
      19th and 20th centuries].

PMID- 1099816
TI  - [Smallpox in the light of Prof. Tissot's treatise of 1773].

PMID- 1099817
TI  - [Postoperative jaundice].

PMID- 1099818
TI  - [Caffey's syndrome].

PMID- 1099819
TI  - [Medical fees and services 160 years ago].

PMID- 1099820
TI  - [Foundation of the Polish Orthopedic Society].

PMID- 1099821
TI  - [Pediatric surgery then and now].

PMID- 1099822
TI  - Edgar Stillwell Gordon: 1906-1975.

PMID- 1099823
TI  - Control of adenovirus acute respiratory disease in U.S. Army trainees.
AB  - Although limited almost exclusively to military trainees, acute respiratory
      disease (ARD) caused by adenovirus types 4 and 7 had been the leading cause of
      hospitalization in U.S. Army personnel. This decrease which resembles influenza
      in clinical manifestations led to hospitalization of as many as 50% of military
      trainees in midwinter and imposed a heavy burden on military hospitals and
      training programs. In studies undertaken from 1965 to 1970, live adenovirus type
      4 and subsequently type 7 vaccines were found to be safe and immunogenic and to
      confer protection against type specific adenovirus ARD. For the past 5 yr.
      military trainees have been immunized with both adenovirus vaccines during
      periods of expected adenovirus disease. Since 1966, use of adenovirus vaccines
      has been monitored through the adenovirus surveillance program which yields
      weekly data on incidence and etiology of ARD in basic combat trainees. Since
      1973, stable adenovirus vaccines have resulted in excellent control of adenovirus
      ARD. Potential problems with this immunization program are discussed.

PMID- 1099825
TI  - Clot-Bey: founder of western medical practice in Egypt.

PMID- 1099824
TI  - An ultrastructural study of the renal medulla in experimental acute
      pyelonephritis.
AB  - Experimental acute pyelonephritis was produced in rats by a combination of
      intravenous administration of Escherichia coli, strain IMRU-54, and temporary
      unilateral mechanical ureteral obstruction. Structural alterations of the renal
      medulla were studied by light and electron microscopy. Major cellular alterations
      occurred in the vasa recta. Tubular and interstitial cells demonstrated minimal
      alterations after the brief period of acute inflammation. Polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes within tubular lumina contained structures resembling E. coli in
      nonprotoplasts-like form. Numerous protoplast-like organisms, to the exclusion of
      any other structural forms, were detected within the interstitium of the inner
      medulla. Nonprotoplast-like structures resembling E. coli were rarely observed in
      interstitium of the inner medulla. Following relief of ureteral obstruction,
      clearance of acute inflammation was rapid. In conclusion, hemoatogenous acute
      pyelonephritis induced by E. coli, IMRU-54, is able to inflict cytological and
      ultrastructural damage to structural elements of the inner and outer medulla of
      rats. Vasa recta incurred prominent alterations in endothelia and basement
      membranes, whereas tubular epithelia and interstitial cells had relatively good
      structural preservation. The data suggest that intravenously administered E. coli
      is capable to revert to a protoplast-like structure in the inner medulla.

PMID- 1099826
TI  - [Stress sensitivity and adaptation].
AB  - On the basis of theoretical, clinical and experimental analyses the influence of
      different stress categories, especially of psycho-emotional and socio-emotional
      stress, upon cerebro-visceral regulation processes is investigated. Central
      nervous information processing in various brain areas (neocortex, limbic system,
      hypothalamus, formatio reticularis mesencephali etc.) and learning processes are
      equally affected by stress factors as are haemodynamic and biochemical
      parameters. Changes of the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, of plasma renin
      activity, catechol amine release and the counter-regulatory insulin enhancement
      are especially pronounced in "stress-sensitive risk persons", e.g. in the
      hypertensive as a maladaptive dysregulation-as opposed to the adaptive regulation
      capacity of healthy individuals. The investigated functional patterns of
      different systems of the organism allow the distinction of hyper- and
      hyporeactive forms of maladaptation. The pathogenetic efficiency of stress is
      determined not only by the quantity, quality, duration of exposure and basic
      processes of the central nervous system, but also by man's personality structure
      and his sensitivity to stress (genetic predisposition and/or acquired
      maladaptation). More insight into the neuro-biological processes underlying the
      motivational and psycho-emotional performance of the brain and its connection
      withe humoral-hormonal and cardiovascular systems is necessary to treat and to
      control cerebrovisceral dysregulations such as arterial essential hypertension.
      It will be a task of psychotherapy to help improve man's adaptive capacity and to
      desensibilize stress-sensitive risk persons.

PMID- 1099827
TI  - [Determination of kidney circulation with radioxenon].
AB  - On 23 investigations in dogs the 133xenon eluation method was compared with the
      bloody measurement of the renal blood supply. The most favourable correlation
      presents the measurement of the initial decrease of the curves with r = 0.827 and
      y = 0.889x + 53.3, besides the modified hight-surface-method. Possibilities of
      error exist especially by the recirculation of xenon and the influence on the
      blood supply by the xenon-injection.

PMID- 1099828
TI  - [Mumps myocarditis in a small child].
AB  - The clinical history and post-mortem findings in a five-year-old girl are
      reported. She died in consequence of a chronic mumps myocarditis 13 weeks after
      having fallen ill with mumps. The antigen specific for mumps virus could be
      demonstrated in the myocardium by means of immunofluorescence.

PMID- 1099829
TI  - A selective coronary indicator dilution technique with fiberoptic recording.
AB  - A new method of accurately measuring myocardial circulation times is described:
      dye injections were made selectively into the left coronary artery while the
      passage of dye was recorded instantaneously in the coronary sinus with a
      fiberoptic catheter. The appearance time was found to be shorter than previously
      estimated (2.2 +/- 0.8 sec). The mean transit time in patients with left coronary
      artery disease and/or myocardial disease was significantly prolonged (p less than
      0.01) and was found in all patients to shorten with increasing heart rate (p less
      than 0.01). Deformed dyd dilution curves were only obtained with stenotic lesions
      of the left coronary artery.

PMID- 1099830
TI  - [Sinus node syndrome].
AB  - Recently disorders of sinus node function have found increasing interest in
      clinical medicine thanks to new diagnostic and therapeutic developments. This
      paper represents a comprehensive review of these conditions, combined under the
      name "Sick Sinus Syndrome" (SSS). Besides a detailed analysis of 63 cases seen at
      our institution, the results of other groups are compared and extensively
      discussed. The clinical picture of the SSS is characterized by a wide variety of
      bradycardiac and tachycardic atrial arrhythmias, occurring separately or in
      combination. These can be classified in three subgroups: Patients with exclusive
      sinus bradycardia; patients with sinoatrial exit block or transient episodes of
      sinus arrest with or without AV escape rhythms; and finally patients with the
      bradycardia/tachycardia-syndrome, which are complicated by additional atrial
      tachyarrhythmias. The symptomatology of the SSS is multiform and extends from
      symptomless cases and those with only general signs of reduced cardiac function
      to patients with recurrent severe syncopal attacks which may lead to cerebral
      damage and even death. Besides the typical history, the diagnosis of the SSS
      primarily rests upon the ECG, especially the long term ECG recorded continuously
      on a 24 hrs. tape (Holter technique). Also the exercise ECG is of some value,
      characteristically showing an inadequate increase in the sinus rate, sometimes
      with AV escape systoles and -rhythms. In addition various provocative tests have
      been devised which are of help to differentiate between a pathologic and a normal
      sinus node function. Among these the determination of the sinus node recovery
      time following overdrive atrial pacing has gained wide acceptance. In most cases
      the exact etiology of the SSS is not known. In addition to coronary and
      inflammatory heart diseases a primarily degenerative lesion of the sinus node,
      comparable to cases with "primary heart block" are discussed. There is also a
      remarkably frequent past history diththeria. Rarer causes of the condition
      represent cases with cardiomyopathy, thyreotoxic heart disease, collagen and
      other disorders and also a familial manifestation of the SSS has been described.
      Therapeutically, pharmacologic treatment with vagolytic, beta-adrenergic or the
      common antiarrhythmic drugs is often unsuccessful, especially in the treatment of
      the Brady-Tachy-Syndrome. Digitalis glycosides, however, are frequently of some
      value, as they represent an effective prophylactic agent against atrial
      tachyarrhythmias without prolonging the sinus node recovery time or reducing
      significantly the sinus rate. While a few patients do not require any treatment,
      an artificial cardiac pacemaker has to be inserted in most cases. Atrial
      stimulation may be superior to ventricular on-demand pacing in some patients, and
      also a special system for the treatment of the SSS combined with significant AV
      block (binodal disease) has been designed, the bifocal sequential pacemaker.

PMID- 1099831
TI  - [Antiarrhythmic properties of lidoflazine in the therapy of auricular
      fibrillation and flutter (clinical studies of 26 patients)].
AB  - Successful conversion to sinus rhythm was achieved in 20 out of 26 patients (77%)
      with chronic atrial fibrillation or flutter of various origin, that had existed
      for about 40 +/- 13 months. There was a significant relation between the
      converting dose of Lidoflazine and the duration of atrial fibrillation. In those
      patients with atrial fibrillation, that preexisted no longer than two years,
      restoration of sinus rhythm was achieved in 12 of 14 cases (86%) with an average
      dose of 109 +/- 67 mg Lidoflazine a day, whereas in the group with atrial
      fibrillation known for more than two years therapeutical success was obtained
      only in 8 of 12 cases (67%). The dose of conversion was 382 +/- 150 mg/day in
      this group and produced in a few patients toxic side effects. Two patients
      relapsed to atrial fibrillation. On this reasons conversion with Lidoflazine
      should only be done in patients with atrial fibrillation within two years. There
      were no significant changes related to: heart rate, myocardial function and
      intraventricular conduction process. In the presence of underlying hypokalaemic
      disturbances and/or additional therapy with digitalis preparations Lidoflazine
      may be the cause of developing premature beats. Lidoflazine may be regarded as a
      relatively safe drug even in large doses, if monitoring of heart rhythm and QTc
      interval is available.

PMID- 1099832
TI  - [Mechanisms for the recognition of each other by nucleic acid molecules].

PMID- 1099833
TI  - [Monoamine oxidase].

PMID- 1099834
TI  - [Importance of fatty acid radicals in the structural heterogeneity and metabolism
      of phospholipids].

PMID- 1099835
TI  - [Cholinoreceptors and the physiological activity of organic compounds].

PMID- 1099837
TI  - Part B Medicare fee screens for fiscal year 1976.

PMID- 1099836
TI  - Jews and Arabs.

PMID- 1099838
TI  - [Method of immunofluorescence reaction with blood in the diagnosis of urogenital
      trichmoniasis in women].

PMID- 1099839
TI  - [Total immediate prosthesis].

PMID- 1099840
TI  - [Measures for the functional improvement of the finished prosthesis].

PMID- 1099841
TI  - [Neurological findings in cases of prosthesis intolerance].

PMID- 1099842
TI  - [Relief impression for flabby ridge].

PMID- 1099843
TI  - [Preprosthetic surgery II: reconstruction of the altered prosthesis base].

PMID- 1099844
TI  - [Primary dysgnatias].

PMID- 1099845
TI  - [Denture care].

PMID- 1099846
TI  - [Adhesives for prostheses].

PMID- 1099847
TI  - [Periodontology in daily practice].

PMID- 1099848
TI  - [Newer antimycotics. I. Derivatives of phenyl-hydrazine (author's transl)].
AB  - The author produced a number of derivatives of phenyl-hydrazine and its
      analogues, investigated their antimicrobial efficiency in vitro, and discussed
      the association of chemical structure with the fungistatic effect in the series
      of phenyl-hydrazine-derivatives. From the author's results it can be concluded
      that the halogen-substituted phenyl-hydrazines and their N-(acetyl)-derivatives
      exert a moderate fungistatic effect (Tab. 1). In the series of N-aryl-sulphonyl
      N'-phenyl-hydrazines only the compounds derived from 3,4-dichloro-phenyl
      hydrazine proved to be effective; the other representatives of this type were
      fully ineffective (Tab. 1). The majority of the halogen-substituted N-aroyl-N'
      phenyl-hydrazines exerted a relatively strong fungistatic activity with a broad
      spectrum of efficiency (Tab. 2). On the contrary, their analogues having a -CO-NH
      group in place of the -CO-NH-NH-group, were fully inactive (Tab. 3). From the
      investigated derivatives of phenyl-hydrazine, the N-benzoyl-, N-(2-chloro
      benzoyl)-, N-(4-chloro-benzoyl)- and N-furoyl-derivatives of 3- and 4-chloro
      phenyl-hydrazine, furthermore the N-benzoyl- and N-furoyl-derivatives of 3,4
      dichloro-phenyl-hydrazine were most effective (Tab. 2). The acute toxicity in the
      mouse of these effective compounds was relatively small; they were found to be
      significantly less toxic than tetramethyl-thiuramdisulfide (Tab. 4). On the basis
      of an intensive fungistatic efficiency and small toxicity of the halogen
      substituted N-aroyl-N'-phenyl-hydrazines, it seems that a number of
      representatives of these types of chemical compounds could be given a role in the
      chemotherapy of superficial human and animal dermatomycoses, and also in the
      chemoprophylaxis of certain phytomycoses.

PMID- 1099849
TI  - [On the morphology of flagella and fimbriae of Escherichia strains (author's
      transl)].
AB  - 100 Escherichia-strains, isolated from urine and faeces, were investigated with
      regard to flagella and fimbriae by electron-microskopy. The flagella had a length
      of 3-6 mu and a diameter of ca 0.02 mu. The flagellation was different not only
      between to the single bacteria of the same strain, but also in the separated
      isolates. Of 50 strains from urine had 27 and of 50 strains from feces had 28 no
      flagella. Different Escherichia-strains contained fimbriae, the number of which
      was much higher with regard to the flagella. The length of the fimbriae differed
      between 0.25 and 2 mu, the diameter was constantly ca 8 nm. 21 strains of 100 (4
      from 50 urine strains and 17 from 50 faeces strains) had no fimbriae.

PMID- 1099850
TI  - [On the biological activity of Escherichia strains, with special reference to
      fimbriae (author's transl)].
AB  - According to the results of earlier investigations of other authors, there are
      differences between Escherichia-strains fron urinary tract infections and fron
      the feces of healthy persons with regard to their biochemical, hemolytic,
      necrotizing and pathogenic properties in mice experiments. Hemolytic Escherichia
      cultures are very different from non - hemolytic cultures in their necrotizing
      and pathogenic behaviour. In contrast to Escherichia-strains from the feces of
      healthy persons strains from urinary tract infections have fimbriae to a much
      greater extent and hemolytic strains up to 100%.

PMID- 1099851
TI  - [Is the examination of drinkable water and swimming pools on presence of
      enteropathogenic E. coli necessary? (author's transl)].
AB  - The examination of 1950 different water samples showed that 21,5 percent of them
      were microbiologically not safe and had an high MPN of E. coli, 2,3 percent of
      these strains belonged to enteropathogenic groups. The percentage depended on the
      character of water establishment, and was in small water supplies as high as 8
      percent, in swimming pools 11 percent. There were identified the following OK
      groups of EEC: O25:K11, O28:K73, O55:K59, O75:K80, O115, O126:K71, O146, which
      are well known as causes of acute enteric diseases of children and adults. In
      case of special epidemiological or other occasions, it would be useful to examine
      the E. coli strains, isolated from different water samples serologically, in
      order to identify them as enteropathogenic eventually.

PMID- 1099852
TI  - [Comparative investigations on the efficacy of tap water, some detergents and
      ethanol on the transient flora of the hands (author's transl)].
AB  - The germ reducing efficacy of tap water, soap, pHisoHex, pHisoDerm and 70%
      ethanol was compared using the model of hands artificially contaminated with E.
      coli. Each of ten persons washed 1, 2 or 4 minutes. Reduction factors were
      calculated from pre- and post-values and were compared for each individual. After
      one minute the logarithms of the geometric means of the reduction factors
      amounted to 2,99, 3,23, 3,28, 3,61, 4,25 in the above used sequence (Table 2).
      After one minute the reductions came off more slowly and the slopes were linear
      and parallel as far as the mechanical germ reducing procedures are concerned
      (Fig. 2). In contrast, ethanol caused a steeper slope even after one minute wash.
      The strong reduction achieved by mechanical procedures (even with water for one
      minute 3 powers of ten were observed) demonstrates the high hygienic importance
      of hand washings for removal of the transient flora. Detergents like pHisoDerm
      produce further significantly higher reductions and seem to be more suitable than
      aggressive disinfectants for application in fields where bactericidal action is
      not imperative. The proposals for procedures aiming at disinfecting of the
      transient flora issued by the Austrian Society for Hygiene, Microbiology and
      Preventive Medicine require a reduction factor of at least 10(5) after two
      minutes hand wash. The results of this investigation show that this is
      practicable with ethanol and necessary, otherwise the bactericidal action would
      not be different from a mechanical removal of the transient flora.

PMID- 1099853
TI  - A possible mechanism to explain the growth promotion effect of feed antibiotics
      in farm animals: zinc bacitracin induced cell wall damage in Escherichia coli in
      vitro.

PMID- 1099854
TI  - Computer discrimination between benign and malignant urothelial cells.
AB  - Computer discrimination between benign and malignant cells by means of the TICAS
      routines and subroutines has been accomplished with a small error of
      classification, not greater than ten percent. One feature of major diagnostic
      significance, namely, nuclear texture was singled out for discussion. This study
      augurs well for the future of computerized cytology of the urinary tract.

PMID- 1099855
TI  - Editorial: The treatment of acute pancreatitis.

PMID- 1099856
TI  - [Scientific medical information in Hungary].

PMID- 1099857
TI  - [Measurement of nuclear size in cells from embryonic mouse brain in monolayer
      culture using automatic image analysers].
AB  - Size analyses and size classifications were made of the nuclei of embryonal mouse
      brain cells in monolayer culture. Measurements were made by surface analysis,
      using the Quantimet (1,299 nuclei), and linear analysis, using the Digiscan
      (1,887 nuclei). Despite the different methods of measurement and different
      logarithmic classification, similar distribution curves were obtained,
      approaching the Gaussian normal distribution. The methodical problems of
      karyometry as well as the problems of statistical data processing are discussed.

PMID- 1099858
TI  - Observations on the intrinsic innervation of the islet of Langerhans of Rattus
      rattus rufescens (Indian black rat).
AB  - The innervation of Langerhans' islets appeared rather profuse. Generally the
      nerve fibres of the peri-insular plexus formed a basket enveloping the islet of
      Langerhans. The peri-insular ganglia were occasionally seen. No autonomic
      interstitial cells of Cajal nor nerve endings were observed in the islet of
      Langerhans, due to the thickness of the sections. The 'complexes sympathico-neuro
      insulaires' were occasionally seen. The plexuses and neural terminal network were
      seen connected to each other; thus they are not separate entities.

PMID- 1099859
TI  - Serum lipids during oestradiol-valerate/norgestrel treatment of menopausal women.
      Double-blind study of a sequential preparation.
AB  - Thirty-three women aged 38-56 years, all with menopausal complaints, were treated
      after randomization during three cycles either with oestradiolvalerate/norgestrel
      suquential therapy or a placebo and then during three cycles with the opposite
      drug. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, glycerol as well as plasma FFA and
      lipoprotein electrophoresis were studied before the institution of treatment,
      after each cycle, and 4 weeks after the intake of the last tablet. During the
      treatment period the triglyceride level was significantly lower than during the
      placebo period, whereas no changes occurred in other parameters. The decrease was
      at a maximum after 8 weeks' treatment; 4 weeks after the discontinuation of
      treatment the levels were as before its institution. It cannot be decided whether
      the decrease was due to the natural oestrogen or to the gestagen.

PMID- 1099860
TI  - Diazepam as a sedative in induced abortion.
AB  - In 136 patients, who underwent induced abortion by the vacuum curettage method
      under local anaesthesia (paracervical block), the effect of 10 mg diazepam
      intravenously as preoperative sedative was investigated for its ability to
      abolish the subjective experience of pain. The trial was carried out as a paired
      sample, random, allocation, double-blind, fixed dose trial, and the statistical
      method was sequential analysis. Thirty-six pairs showed no difference and were
      excluded. After 32 pairs (24 A preferences and 8 O preferences), diazepam showed
      a significant superiority to placebo (p less than 0.05) (Fig. 1.) Amnesia for the
      procedure was reported by about one-quarter of the diazepam-treated patients, and
      in practically all cases the sedative effect had subsided 1-3 hours after the
      operation.

PMID- 1099861
TI  - [Heterodigital transplantation with local reinnervation].

PMID- 1099862
TI  - The treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.

PMID- 1099863
TI  - Cumulation in cerebrospinal fluid of the N-desmethyl metabolite after long-term
      treatment with diazepam in man.

PMID- 1099864
TI  - A new method for homogenization of bone exemplified by measurement of
      trimethoprim in human bone tissue.

PMID- 1099865
TI  - Influence of absorbed dose and field size on the geometry of the radiation
      surgical brain lesion.
AB  - Specimens from a number of patients locally irradiated in the thalamus for
      intractable pain with a multiple gamma beam technique have been examined. The
      geometry of well circumscribed necrotic lesions was ascertained. No correlation
      was seen between the dimensions of the lesions and the size of the field, 3 mm X
      5 mm or 3 mm X 7 mm, within the clinically useful dose range, 16 to 25 krad.

PMID- 1099866
TI  - Destruction of small intracranial tumours with 60Co gamma radiation. Physical and
      technical considerations.
AB  - The clinical and physical conditions for the destruction of small intracranial
      tumours by means of multiple gamma beam irradiation are evaluated. The effects of
      the collimation of the single beam and the spatial distribution of 179 beams on
      the superimposed three-dimensional dose distribution are investigated
      experimentally and theoretically. Techniques for selective irradiation of tumours
      of various types and sizes are discussed.

PMID- 1099867
TI  - Errors and uncertainties in external radiation therapy. A system analysis with a
      cell kinetic model.
AB  - The relative importance of accurate knowledge and control of various biologic and
      physical factors in external radiation therapy was estimated with a simple cell
      kinetic treatment response model for a simulated tumour therapy situation. A set
      of parameter values was chosen for a reference case so that the calculated
      probability of zero surviving tumour cells was about 0.5. The parameters were
      varied, one at a time, over a range that was considered representative with
      respect to uncertainty in dose calculation, dose delivery and the description of
      the pertinent patient data. Also parameters in the cell kinetic model were
      varied. The calculations demonstrated a strong influence on the number of
      surviving cells from even moderate changes in the parameters which affect the
      tumour dose. Predictions with regard to curability are heavily dependent on the
      reliability of the biologic parameters in the model.

PMID- 1099868
TI  - Sketch of the life of Professor Dr. L. Bolk.

PMID- 1099869
TI  - Bolk's subdivision of the mammalian cerebellum. Growth centres and functional
      zones.

PMID- 1099870
TI  - Bolk's theories of dentition.

PMID- 1099871
TI  - Introduction to the Bolk Symposium.

PMID- 1099872
TI  - Bolk's anthropological work.

PMID- 1099873
TI  - Bolk's studies of segmental anatomy.

PMID- 1099874
TI  - Bolk's foetalization theory.

PMID- 1099875
TI  - Bolk's own review.

PMID- 1099876
TI  - Bibliography Professor Dr L. Bolk.

PMID- 1099877
TI  - Calculation of the position of a side-protruding electrode tip in stereotactic
      brain operations using a stereotactic apparatus with polar coordinates.

PMID- 1099879
TI  - [New therapeutic possibilities in depression: 5-hydroxytryptophan].

PMID- 1099878
TI  - Postoperative ventriculitis in infants.
AB  - Eight consecutive cases of ventriculitis detected and treated during a four year
      period are reviewed. This complication represented 7.9% of all cases of spina
      bifida treated surgically, and 5.4% of all shunt precedures performed during the
      study period. Prophylactic antibiotic treatment did not reduce the incidence of
      ventriculitis, and in fact seemed to produce resistant strains, which led to
      difficulties in treatment and a worse prognosis. The presence of an
      intraventricular foreign body precludes permanent sterilization of the
      ventricular fluid. Finally, in those cases in which the antibiotic of choice
      penetrates poorly into the cerebrospinal fluid; intraventricular as well as
      systemic administration of the drug is indicated. With Gram negative organisms,
      Gentamicin is currently the drug of choice.

PMID- 1099880
TI  - [Immunofluorescent and ultrastructural studies in a patient with impetigo
      herpetiformis].

PMID- 1099881
TI  - Selected topics in laboratory animal medicine volume XXIV: the hamster.

PMID- 1099882
TI  - Histamine and its metabolism in mammals. Part I: Chemistry and formation of
      histamine.

PMID- 1099884
TI  - Letter: Office bacteriology.

PMID- 1099883
TI  - Roster of members of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf 1975.

PMID- 1099885
TI  - Diabetes and the heart.

PMID- 1099886
TI  - Frank vectorcardiogram in common ventricle: correlation with anatomic findings.
AB  - The influence on the Frank vectorcardiogram of anatomic features in common
      ventricle was analyzed by comparison of Frank vectorcardiograms in 51 patients
      who had common ventricle with those of 36 patients who had large ventricular
      septal defect, 14 of whom had levotransposition of the great arteries and 22 of
      whom had dextrotransposition. Frank vector loops in common ventricle differed
      from those in ventricular septal defect by the frequent occurrence of clockwise
      horizontal rotation, most common in patients with type C common ventricle (no
      outflow chamber). There was a statistically significant difference in the
      amplitude of early forces between patients with common ventricle and those with
      large ventricular septal defect. The degree of overlap of vectorcardiographic
      features between the two groups is sufficiently great that the vectorcardiogram
      has limited usefulness in establishing the diagnosis of common ventricle in any
      individual patient.

PMID- 1099887
TI  - Left ventricular function in ischemic heart disease: assessment by noninvasive
      techniques.
AB  - 1. Thirty-two patients (29 men and 3 women), admitted to a coronary-care unit
      with either acute coronary insufficiency or acute myocardial infarction, had
      their systolic time intervals and the a/E ratio of the apexcardiogram studied on
      days 1,2, and 7 of their hospital stay. 2. Only the LVETc and PEP/LVET were found
      to undergo any statistically significant change. Although all figures were in the
      abnormal range, they had no discriminative value in individuals. None of the
      other commonly accepted noninvasive  indices or left ventricular function,
      including the a/E ratio of the apexcardiogram, were found to be of assistance in
      the early distinction between acute coronary insufficiency and acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1099888
TI  - The heart in myasthenia gravis.
AB  - The cardiac changes associated with myasthenia gravis have been reviewed and
      specific areas explored. There is no doubt concerning the involvement of the
      myocardium in this disease as indicated by clinical, ECG, vectorcardiographic,
      and autopsy data. The doubt lies in the precipitating factor for the pathology
      found. On the one hand the whole picture could be a direct result of the
      pathologic process of myasthenia gravis. On the other hand the patient with
      myasthenia gravis, during the natural history of the disease, encounters many
      iatrogenic and coincidental variables which could influence the nature of the
      clinical findings and autopsy data. One fact seems reasonably clear: The
      association of myocardial pathology with thymoma, especially malignant thymoma,
      is well established for the more severe form of the myocardial disease.
      Furthermore, the hypothesis that cardiac muscle antibodies give rise to such
      reactions is attractive, although not fully resolved. If such cases are excluded
      then there remain others where cardiac pathology could be due to other disease,
      primarily coronary heart disease, in the older group. In addition, the mode of
      death of some patients indicates that intercurrent respiratory problems could
      play a part. Most patients in this group do not seem to have cardiac
      abnormalities due to the pathologic process of myasthenia. There is in addition a
      small group where very striking cardiovascular findings suggestive of myocarditis
      are found. There is not necessarily a thymoma and no other specific etiologic
      factors can be found. These are rare cases and might still be related to
      disorders of immune mechanisms. In conclusion it can be stated that, although
      there is now a considerable body of evidence concerning the heart in myasthenia
      gravis, the implication of specific pathology for this neuromuscular disorder
      affecting the heart must be considered, in the traditional Scottish legal sense,
      as "not proven."

PMID- 1099889
TI  - Electrophysiology and pharmacology of cardiac arrhythmias. VIII. Cardiac effects
      of diphenylhydantoin. B.
AB  - DPH is highly effective against both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias resulting
      from digitalis toxicity and should be considered one of the primary
      antiarrhythmic drugs in this clinical situation. Clinical studies have indicated
      that DPH, for the most part, is effective against atrial arrhythmias and not
      markedly effective against ventricular arrhythmias associated with acute or
      chronic cardiac disease. For the latter ventricular arrhythmias, DPH is usually
      considered only after other antiarrhythmic drug therapy has failed. Studies on
      the mechanisms responsible for the antiarrhythmic effects of DPH are, as yet,
      inconclusive, There is good evidence that its actions differ from those of the
      commonly used drugs with local anesthetic effects. The extent to which it exerts
      direct effects on the heart which are therapeutically relevant remains to be
      demonstrated; further, there is solid evidence that its effects on the central
      nervous system may be of prime importance in its antiarrhythmic efficacy.

PMID- 1099890
TI  - Orthostatic hypotension: mechanisms and management.

PMID- 1099891
TI  - Hypnosis before Mesmer.

PMID- 1099892
TI  - Hypnosis and alpha density.

PMID- 1099893
TI  - Mesmerism in New Orleans: 1845-1861.

PMID- 1099894
TI  - L-Ascorbic acid and D-isoascorbic acid in a common cold survey.
AB  - In a survey of double-bind design, 3 groups of approximately 70 student
      volunteers took 1 g L-ascorbic acid, 1 g D-isoascorbic acid, or placebo tablets
      every day for 15 weeks and the incidence and duration of colds were recorded. The
      group taking D-isoascrobic acid suffered 34% fewer colds than the other two
      groups; the results were also analyzed in relation to the sex and smoking habits
      of the volunteers. The rationale for investigating D-isoascorbic acid, an isomer
      of L-ascorbic acid which has limited antiscorbutic activity, is discussed.

PMID- 1099895
TI  - Cardiorespiratory, hematological and physical performance responses of anemic
      subjects to iron treatment.
AB  - Twenty-nine adult iron-deficient anemis subjects (13 men and 16 women) with
      hemoglobin levels of 4.0 to 12.0 g/100 ml blood were divided into either an iron
      treatment or placebo group. Hematological, cardiorespiratory and performance data
      were collected before, during, and after treatment and compared with data from a
      control group of subjects (4 men and 6 women) from the same socioeconomic
      population. Hemoglobin levels for the iron treatment group improved from 7.7 to
      12.4 g for the women and from 7.1 to 14.0 g for the men. Values for the control
      group were 13.9 g and 14.3 g for the women and men, respectively. The placebo
      group showed virtually no change over the 80-day period (8.1-8.4 g for women and
      7.7-7.4 g for men). Peak exercise heart rates (5 min, 40-cm step test) were
      significantly reduced after treatment from 155 to 113 for the iron treatment men
      and 152 to 123 for the women compared with the placebo group which showed no
      changes. Values for the control group were 119 and 142 for the men and women,
      respectively. In response to the exercise test, no difference in oxygen
      consumption was found between the iron treatment and placebo group although 15%
      more O2 was delivered per pulse in the iron treatment group. Blood lactates were
      significantly highein the placebo than iron treatment group both at rest, 1.18
      versus 0.64 mmole/liter, and 1 min after exercise, 5.30 versus 2.68 mmoles/liter.
      No changes in handgrip or shoulder adductor strength were observed following
      treatment. These results clearly support the concept that performance requiring
      high oxygen delivery is significantly affected by hemoglobin levels.

PMID- 1099896
TI  - Indirect fluorescent antibody technic for demonstration of serum antibody in
      dengue hemorrhagic fever cases.
AB  - One hundred eighty-three sera from two groups of children with dengue hemorrhagic
      fever and 37 control sera were examined for antibody against dengue virus by an
      indirect immunofluorescent method. When the reciprocal titer of 16 or higher was
      used as the diagnostic level, positive tests could be obtained in 80% of Group I
      and 100% of Group II sera after 3--6 days of fever. Positive tests were obtained
      in 100% of both groups after the first week of fever. There was no false-positive
      among the control sera. Preparation of the antigen is relatively easy, and the
      antigen may be stored for at least 3 months. The immunofluorescent method is
      rapid and simple, and is recommended for routine detection of serum antibody in
      dengue hemorrhagic fever.

PMID- 1099897
TI  - Mucormycosis in a transplant recipient.
AB  - Mucormycosis classically occurs in patients who have uncontrolled diabetes who
      develop rhinocerebral disease. A fatal case of rhinocerebral infection caused by
      Rhizopus arrhizus in a 53-year-old man who had received a renal homograft three
      years previously is reported. Only five similar cases have been documented, all
      since 1970. Although direct smears of the purulent nasal exudate revealed the
      presence of numerous Gram-negative bacilli, later identified as Haemophilus
      influenzae, the diagnosis of mucormycosis was made by demonstrating the typical
      broad, nonseptate branched hyphae in the necrotic tissue obtained by surgical
      debridement of the paranasal sinuses. Culture of this material revealed growth of
      mold-like fungus which, upon direct microscopic examination, showed
      sporangiophores bearing spherical sporangia arising directly from a cluster of
      root-like structures of rhizoids. Despite the immediate institution of therapy
      with amphotericin B postoperatively, the patient died 48 hours later.
      Subsequently, the Rhizopus isolated was shown to be resistant to both
      amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine. The present case and two others stress the
      importance of an aggressive diagnostic approach to patients suspected of having
      mucormycosis, because the usual microbiologic technics are frequently,
      inexplicably, unsuccessful, and possibly even misleading in this disease.

PMID- 1099898
TI  - Antacid vs placebo in hospitalized gastric ulcer patients: a controlled
      therapeutic study.
AB  - Antacids are widely accepted as agents that promote healing and relieve pain of
      gastric ulcer. Well-controlled studies designed to test this belief are few. 28
      patients with endoscopically proven gastric ulcer were treated for 3 weeks in
      hospital, 13 receiving a liquid placebo and 15 an antacid. All were followed by
      endoscopy to complete healing or until surgery was performed. 10 patients healed
      satisfactorily in the placebo group and 11 in the antacid group. All patients
      were free of pain during their hospitalization. From this study it is concluded
      that in gastric ulcer patients hospitalized for 3 weeks, the rate of healing of
      the ulcer and the relief of pain is not influenced by treatment with a standard
      antacid preparation.

PMID- 1099899
TI  - Adaptive changes in vitamin B12 absorption in celiac disease and after proximal
      small-bowel resection in man.
AB  - Resection of the proximal small bowel is known to cause mucosal hyperplasia and
      enhanced absorption in the ileum of experimental animals, but similar adaptive
      changes had not previously been studied in man. Since intrinsic-factor-bound
      vitamin B12 (IF-B12) absorption is confined to the ileum, as an index of ileal
      adaptation, we measured whole-body IF-58 Co B12 absorption in 24 control
      subjects, in 4 patients after proximal small-bowel resection, and in 9 patients
      with adult celiac disease (where mucosal damage is often limited to the proximal
      intestine and spares the ileum). Control subjects absorbed 20.4% (+/- 1 SD 6.2%)
      of the administered 5-mug dose of vitamin B12, while the corresponding 7-day
      retention values in patients with proximal resection (mean 42.3%; range 32-61%)
      and in 2 of the 9 celiac patients (44.1% and 54%, respectively), were above the
      normal range. The increased vitamin B12 absorption in these patients suggest that
      functional adaptation also occurs in the ileum in man. The results also
      illustrate the application of a newly developed whole-body counting technique to
      study vitamin B12 absorption in man.

PMID- 1099900
TI  - An outbreak of salmonellosis propagated by person-to-person transmission on an
      Indian reservation.
AB  - Between December 21, 1969, and April 14, 1970, 44 symptomatic cases of Salmonella
      typhimurium gastroenteritis occurred among the approximately 2500 Sioux Indians
      of the Lake Traverse Reservation in South Dakota. Twenty-five cases were
      confirmed by positive stool culture. All 19 cases not confirmed by culture had
      diarrhea and were epidemiologically associated with the culture-proven cases.
      Fourteen of these were discovered during the course of the investigation and had
      not been cultured previously. Twelve cases were hospital-acquired and 32
      community acquired. Both the nosocomial and community-acquired infections
      occurred randomly during the 17-week span of the epidemic. Despite extensive
      investigation, no common exposure was discovered. The hospital-acquired
      infections all occurred in patients who shared a room or nursing personnel with
      patients who had active disease, or were born of a woman with active disease at
      the time of parturition. Twenty-nine of the 32 community acquired cases were
      linked to each other by person-to-person contact. This epidemic is the first
      documented outbreak of non-institutional salmonellosis propagated by person-to
      person transmission.

PMID- 1099901
TI  - Normal chemoreceptor function in obesity before and after ileal bypass surgery to
      force weight reduction.
AB  - Ventilatory responses to progressive isocapnic hypoxia and rebreathing of carbon
      dioxide in oxygen were determined in four obese women before and approximately 1
      year after ileal bypass surgery to force weight reduction. None of the patients
      was hypoventilating and all had normal pulmonary function tests. The ventilatory
      responses to hypoxia were normal before surgery and were not effected by weight
      reduction. The ventilatory responses to hypercapnia did not change in slope but a
      shift of the carbon dioxide response line toward a lower arterial carbon dioxide
      tension occurred in two subjects after weight reduction. We conclude that obesity
      per se does not necessarily cause loss of hypoxic ventilatory drive.

PMID- 1099902
TI  - Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis. A study of the origin of the malignant cell.
AB  - A highly pure preparation of neoplastic cells from the spleen of a patient with
      leukemic reticuloendotheliosis was studied for function, membrane characteristics
      and glucose metabolism. Glass adherence and phagocytosis of small particles
      (latex and carbon black) were demonstrated with phase contrast microscopy.
      Staphylocidal activity was similar to that of normal monocytes. Immunofluorescent
      assays revealed nonspecific uptake of antiserums to immunoglobulins G (IgG), M
      (IgM), A (IgA) and kappa and kappa and lambda light chains. Rosette assays
      indicated the presence of receptors for IgG on the surface of all cells but no
      receptors for complement (C3) or sheep red blood cells. Glucose metabolic studies
      revealed a pattern that differed from that of normal monocytes or lymphocytes
      with intermediate values for glycolysis, low hexose monophosphate shunt activity
      and high Krebs cycle activity. Increments in tritiated (3H)-thymidine uptake and
      glucose metabolism in response to phytohemagglutinin stimulation were minimal (5
      per cent of normal lymphocyte values) and no response was noted with pokeweed
      mitogen stimulation. These findings suggest that the leukemic
      reticuloendotheliosis cell most closely resembles cells of the monocyte
      histiocyte series.

PMID- 1099903
TI  - Editorial: Taking stock.

PMID- 1099904
TI  - Maternity nursing stops too soon.

PMID- 1099905
TI  - Health care distribution and third-party payment for nurses' services.

PMID- 1099906
TI  - Increased and prolonged LH-RH/FSH-RH activity of synthetic (D-Ala6, Des-Gly
      NH210)-LH-RH-ethylamide in normal women.
AB  - A synthetic LH-RH analogue (D-Ala6, Des-Gly-NH210)-LH-RH ethylamide exhibited an
      increased and prolonged LH-RH/FSH-RH activity in normal women. The integrated
      amounts of LH and FSH levels for this LH-RH analogue were about nine and five
      times greater than for the same doses of synthetic LH-RH. It is expected that
      this synthetic LH-RH analogue might yield more positive results than with LH-RH
      when used in infertility problems.

PMID- 1099907
TI  - Michael J. Hogan, M.D.

PMID- 1099908
TI  - Curriculum vitae of Michael J. Hogan.

PMID- 1099909
TI  - Publications of Michael J. Hogan.

PMID- 1099910
TI  - Change in cell type of human choroidal malignant melanoma in tissue culture.
AB  - In five cases choroidal malignant melanoma spontaneously converted from
      epitheloid to spindle cell and vice versa. The cultured epitheloid cells divided
      more frequently and grew faster than the spindle cells. Cells from one tumor were
      cloned and developed into a cell line.

PMID- 1099911
TI  - Uveitis and reticulum cell sarcoma of brain with bilateral neoplastic seeding of
      vitreous without retinal or uveal involvement.
AB  - A 65-year-old woman had been observed for more than four years with bilateral
      chronic nongranulomatous uveitis and vitreous clouding of unknown cause. Her
      death was from reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain (microglioma). Both eyes were
      obtained post mortem. Histopathologic examination revealed malignant cell in the
      vitreous of both eyes, but no other tumor was demonstrable in the ocular tissues.
      Reticulum cell sarcoma should be suspected in middle-aged or older persons with
      chronic unilateral or bilateral uveitis of unknown cause who develop cerebral
      manifestations during the course of the disease.

PMID- 1099912
TI  - The past 25 years of surgery.
AB  - The past 25 years have seen an explosion in interest and progress in the
      diagnosis and treatment of vitreoretinal diseases, especially retinal
      detachments. This progress has paid high dividends in the prevention of blindness
      and the clinical care of patients. The major advances during this period are the
      development of a binocular stereoscopic indirect ophthalmoscope combined with
      scleral depression, the introduction of a scleral buckling procedure to close
      retinal breaks, the development of instruments capable of producing controlled
      focal irritation in the ocular fundus, and the advent of direct surgical removal
      of the vitreous.

PMID- 1099913
TI  - Unintentional filtration after cataract surgery.
AB  - The eyes of an 81-year-old man were obtained three and ten days after
      intracapsular extractions had been made through limbal incisions under limbal
      based flaps of conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule. The wounds were closed with 7-0
      chromic collagen. Before death from bronchopneumonia, the patient developed
      bilateral filtrations in association with violent coughing spells. In both
      specimens, the healing processes of the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule were
      advanced, confining the escaping aqueous humor to the subepithelial tissues of
      the flap. In contrast, the stromal wounds were still inert in accordance with our
      earlier observations that these wounds are precariously weak during the first two
      weeks after surgery. In cataract surgery, flaps including both conjunctiva and
      Tenon's capsule should be prepared and closed to support the slower healing
      stromal wound. Prevention of filtrations is not a simple matter of using many
      sutures. This patient's eyes demonstrated that improperly placed or too tightly
      tied sutures may be directly responsible for leaking wounds.

PMID- 1099914
TI  - Immunologic study of nonsyphilitic interstitial keratitis with vestibuloauditory
      symptoms.
AB  - We studied four patients with the clinical entity of nonsyphilitic interstitial
      keratitis and vestibuloauditory symptoms to determine whether immunologic
      abnormalities play a role in its pathophysiology. There was no evidence of
      alteration in nonspecific cell-mediated or humoral immunologic status of any of
      the patients studied. Three of the four patients had W-17, a histocompatibility
      antigen that occurs in 3 to 10% of the normal population. All four patients had
      increased cell-mediated immunity against normal allogenic corneal antigens
      compared to normal control subjects. There seems to be no apparent generalized
      alteration of the immune system in this syndrome.

PMID- 1099915
TI  - Clinical evaluation of adenine arabinoside and idoxuridine in the treatment of
      ocular herpes simplex.
AB  - A Double-blind clinical study comparing idoxuridine (IDU) with adenine
      arabinoside (ara-A) in treating 54 routine herpetic ulcers, and an open ara-A
      therapy study of 58 herpetic ulcers in patients intolerant of or resistant to
      IDU, was carried out over a four-year period. There was no significant difference
      in healing time between IDU-treated eyes (11.5 days) and ara-A-treated eyes (12.4
      days) in the double-blind study but there were four moderate to marked adverse
      reactions to IDU and only two mild reactions to ara-A. In the open-drug study 21
      patients who were intolerant of IDU because of allergy or toxicity and 37
      patients who had ulcers resistant to or deteriorating on IDU therapy used ara-A
      up to 192 days without any adverse reaction. Mean healing time was 10.6 days for
      49 of 57 patients in the efficacy analysis. Eight patients developed trophic
      ulcers that responded to soft lens therapy and one was dropped from the study
      because his initial disease could not be distinguished from severe IDU-induced
      keratitis.

PMID- 1099916
TI  - Bacterial endophthalmitis following suture removal after penetrating
      keratoplasty.
AB  - Of three cases of bacterial endophthalmitis occurring after removal of corneal
      sutures following penetrating keratoplasty, two were associated with wound
      dehiscence and one was not. Factors that may predispose to wound dehiscence and
      subsequent infection are: use of fine suture material, corticosteroids, and
      chronic topical antibiotics; early removal of corneal sutures; lack of adherence
      to strict asepsis prior to and after suture removal; and open suture tracts that
      may be kept open by incarceration of vitreous strands. Late corneal wound
      dehiscence may occur with subsequent development of endophthalmitis as long as
      three days after suture removal. The use of topical antibiotics before and after
      suture removal may decrease the potential for infection. In addition, early
      recognition of intraocular infection by the patient and the surgeon for immediate
      institution of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory therapy may preserve useful
      vision.

PMID- 1099917
TI  - Corneal holder.
AB  - As a result of the widespread use of M-K (McCarey-Kaufman) medium preserved
      corneas, as well as other methods of preserving corneas in a viable state, I
      developed a corneal holder to facilitate the lamellar dissection of previously
      excised whole human corneas. Consisting of a moderately heavy base, cutting
      pedestal, scleral rim-sealing sleeve, and retaining ring, the corneal holder is
      economically manufactured, simple to use, and easily sterilized. Its weight and
      construction allow unassisted dissection of a lamellar graft of any size.

PMID- 1099918
TI  - The Prentice medalist for 1974-Jay M. Enoch.

PMID- 1099919
TI  - Research on variation in dental occlusion. A "state of the art" workshop
      conducted by the Craniofacial Anomalies Program, the National Institute of Dental
      Research.
AB  - The following report on assessing research on variation in dental occlusion was
      based in part on a workshop conducted by the National Institute of Dental
      Research at the initiative of Richard L. Christiansen, Chief, Craniofacial
      Anomalies Program. The meeting was planned and developed by Robert J. Isaacson,
      Chairman, Touro M. Graber, Richard A. Riedel, and Richard L. Christiansen. This
      report is designed to provide a review of the achievements, directions, and needs
      of research concerning variations in dental occlusion. The workshop was held at
      the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, on Nov 22 and 23, 1972.
      The material presented by the workshop participants has been summarized and
      incorporated in this report. The subject of research related to the field of
      malocclusion was discussed in an article published in the American Journal of
      Orthodontics in January, 1971.

PMID- 1099920
TI  - The AAO constituent societies and the diamond anniversary.

PMID- 1099921
TI  - Pathobiology of neoplasia. A teaching monograph.

PMID- 1099922
TI  - Early papers on women: Horney to Thompson.

PMID- 1099923
TI  - Interstitial therapy suing non-absorbable (Ir192 nylon ribbon) and absrobable
      (I125 "Vicryl") suturing techniques.
AB  - Permanent and removable interstitial implantation techniques using absorbable and
      unabsorbable sutures are described. Most of these techniques can be performed in
      the clinic easily and quickly with basic instruments: needle holder, needle book,
      and hemoclips. Specifically, Ir192 (74-4 day half life, 300-610 keV, and 6.0 cm.
      hvl in tissue) nylon ribbon and I125 (60 day half life, 27-35 keV,  and 2.0 cm.
      hvl in tissue) Vicryl sutures are described. A major advantage of the I125 over
      the Ir192 see (other than the fact that it can be permanently implanted and needs
      less radiation protection) is that the patient does not remain highly radioactive
      for as long a period due to hte extremely low I125 energy and may be allowed to
      leave the hospital. Both nuclides have the advantage of a long shelf life, making
      their use practical and economically feasible.

PMID- 1099924
TI  - Thomas Hodgkin - a maverick in his time.

PMID- 1099925
TI  - Studies on the composition of the enamel pellicle.

PMID- 1099926
TI  - Corneal transplantation in Alaska natives.

PMID- 1099927
TI  - [Study of cellular immunity in the asthmatic patient].

PMID- 1099928
TI  - [Ernst Engelkind 1886-1975)].

PMID- 1099929
TI  - [Postoperative astigmatism after penetrating corneal grafts (author's transl)].
AB  - 232 cases of penetrating grafts from 1961-1972 have been studied. 141 (60%) were
      evaluated for visual acuity and corneal astigmatism. Since the introduction of
      the running suture (1966) postoperative complications have markedly decreased,
      visual acuity is in the average good and even very good. Patients operated for
      keratokonus however show higher postoperative astigmatism than patients
      operatedfor other corneal diseases.

PMID- 1099930
TI  - [Clinical picture and morphology of orbital rhabdomyosarcomas in children].
AB  - The clinical course of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is described in seven male
      children. A survey of the literature on the subject is given. Particular
      attention is paid to certain diagnostic problems of this most frequent orbital
      malignant primary in childhood. An adequate combination therapy which results in
      cure in more than half of the patients should be employed provided that an exact
      morphological diagnosis is made; this still causes often great difficulty.
      Electron microscopy is of great value in distinguishing this type of tumor from
      other malignancies, including the so-called reticulosarcoma. In comparison with
      the case material of other authors, there was a relatively high rate of late
      deaths in our patients.

PMID- 1099931
TI  - Immunological investigations of patients with transplanted cornea.
AB  - Authors examined the role of the cellular immunity by the method (I) of
      lymphoblastic transformation in 26 keratoplasty cases. Only in one case did they
      observe significant blast transformation, in this case the keratoplasty was
      necessary after injury with lime. In the rest of the cases no positive result
      were ever obtained. They investigated the cellular immunoreactivity of 10
      patients waiting for keratoplasty and 10 cataractous patients against cornea
      antigen by means (II) of the Leucocyte Migration Test (LMT). The change of the
      cellular immuno-reactivity against cornea antigen was examined on the 1st, 4th,
      7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days after keratoplasty. It could be established that
      after keratoplasty the LMT became positive (inhibition or stimulation of
      migration). The results of the LMT investigations obtained on keratoplasty
      patients by cornea antigen may be of some help for the understanding of the
      events in the postoperative phase and sometimes also may eventually require
      immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 1099932
TI  - Immunological investigations on patients with transplanted cornea: the role of
      tissue antigens in keratoplasty.
AB  - After briefly describing the conceptions of the HL-A antigens and of
      histocompatibility, the authors give an account of their own retrospective
      examinations in connection with keratoplasty. Transplantations between identical
      groups of the ABO-system have a greater probability of ending successfully, if at
      least 2 HL-A antigens of donor and recipient are identical; this being chiefly
      important when grafting is carried out into unfavourable, vascularized
      surroundings.

PMID- 1099933
TI  - [Experimental study of keratoacanthoma].

PMID- 1099934
TI  - [In memory of Carlos Gil y Gil].

PMID- 1099935
TI  - [Comparative studies of methods of oxygen admixture in pressure-driven Bird Mark
      8 and Bennett PR 2 respirators].

PMID- 1099936
TI  - Isolation of closed-circular duplex DNA by chromatography on hydroxyapatite in
      the presence of ethidium bromide.

PMID- 1099937
TI  - An assay to differentiate the "true" activity of pepsin from the potential
      activity of pepsinogen.

PMID- 1099938
TI  - A rapid method for monitoring the activity of certain carbohydrases.

PMID- 1099939
TI  - An improved method for the preparation of MS2 bacteriophage in large quantities.

PMID- 1099940
TI  - The analytical role of ion-selective and gas-sensing electrodes in enzymology. A
      review.

PMID- 1099941
TI  - [Karyometric studies of the pancreas and adrenal glands of the albino-rat fed an
      unbalanced glucose diet or a glucose diet supplemented with thiamine].
AB  - Karyometric measurements in rats which for 30 days had received a glucose diet or
      a glucose diet supplemented with thiamine showed the following decrease in
      nuclear size in contrast to no treated controls. (see article) In both
      experimental groups there was a 30% loss of weight during the course of the
      experiment. The different decreases in nuclear volume in the examined organs
      cannot be explained only by a relative state of hunger. The very large decrease
      in activity in the fasciculated zone of the adrenal cortex is explained as an
      adaptation mechanism favouring glucose oxidation by insulin, and the relative
      increase in activity in the adrenal medulla as an adaptation mechanism to
      accomplish an elevated lipolysis.

PMID- 1099942
TI  - [Johann Friedrich Meckel (1724-1774). A bio-ergographical essay].

PMID- 1099943
TI  - Julian Sorell Huxley 22 June 1887- 14 February 1975.

PMID- 1099944
TI  - Relationship among skin tests, bronchial challenge and serology in house dust and
      Candida albicans allergic asthma.
AB  - One hundred and ninety-six asthmatic patients were examined by inhalation
      challenge using house dust and candida albicans; an early, dual or late bronchial
      response was induced where IgE, C3 and C4 were elevated. In some of late
      responses by candida inhalation there was a decrease or almost no increase in IgE
      and a fall in C3 and C4. There was a considerable correlation between skin tests
      and bronchial responses. An induced bronchial response, early, dual or late, was
      identified as Type I, While candida-induced late bronchial responses were Type I
      and Type III. There is some question whether Type I plus Type III mechanism may
      be involved in the dual bronchial response provoked with candida.

PMID- 1099945
TI  - Ru-Tuss in the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis.
AB  - In the treatment of allergic rhinitis with a placebo only one symptom, nasal
      itching, was reduced significantly. Where Ru-Tuss tablets were used, all symptoms
      improved and statistically significant reduction of  symptoms were obtained for
      lacrimation, nasal itching, sneezing, itching of the mouth, itching of the
      pharynx, rhinorrhea and the condition of the nasal mucosa. Ridit analysis was
      used to evaluate differences between the Ru-Tuss Tablet and the placebo treated
      groups.

PMID- 1099946
TI  - Isolation and identification of mycobacteria from porcine tissues: a three-year
      summary.
AB  - Mycobacteria were isolated from 1,591 (78%) of 2,036 porcine tissues submitted to
      Veterinary Services Laboratories over a 3-year period (July 1, 1971, to June 30,
      1974). The isolates were identified by biochemical and serologic tests. Of the
      1,547 Mycobacterium avium isolates, 452 were serotype 1, 728 were serotype 2, 60
      were serotyped 4, 110 were serotype 8, and 51 were serotyped 10; 36 isolates
      represented 11 other serotypes; 65 isolates shared antigens with more than one
      serotype; and 45 isolates, untypabley serologic methods, were identified by
      pathogenicity in chickens as M avium. Mycobacterium bovis was isolated from 15
      tissues; Mycobacterium fortuitum, from 3; and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis,
      Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, and Mycobacterium xenopi were each isolated from
      single specimens.

PMID- 1099947
TI  - Tissue-washing tank for histologic preparations.
AB  - A small tank made of plexiglass was designed to wash tissues for histologic
      preparations. The tank was divided into 16 compartments in 2 rows to wash 16
      tissue samples at one time. The compartments in the same row alternately
      intercommunicated by rows of holes in the upper or lower halves. The arrangement
      of holes at 2 water levels in the partition appeared to create silent water
      waves, making the tank more efficient for washing tissues.

PMID- 1099948
TI  - A comparative study of atropine sulfate and isoproterenol hydrochloride in
      chronic bronchitis.
AB  - Fifteen subjects with chronic bronchitis were treated with inhaled atropine
      sulfate, isoproterenol hydrochloride, or placebo in a double blind crossover
      trial. Each drug was inhaled 4 times per day for 3 weeks. Baseline forced
      expiratory flows, specific airway conductance, airway resistnace, and functional
      residual capacity were measured weekly. These measurements were repeated 15 min
      and 60 min after laboratory inhalation of each agent, using a separate double
      blind protocol. No significant differences were observed among the mean baseline
      function studies during the 3 treatment periods. There were no significant
      differences in sputum production, sputum thickness, dyspnea, or mouth dryness
      among the 3 treatment periods. Side effects were mild; isoproterenol treatment
      was associated with an increased frequency of palpitations, and atropine
      treatment was associated with difficulty in voiding. Significant increases in
      lung function were apparent in the measurements made 15 min and 60 min after
      inhalation of atropine or isoproterenol. Mean values of flow and specific airway
      conductance increased, and mean values of airway resistance and functional
      residual capacity decreased after inhalation of either drug. There was no
      significant difference between the effects of atropine and isoproterenol on lung
      function, although both differed significantly from the effects of placebo (P
      less than 0.001). Inhaled atropine sulfate was as effective a bronchodilator as
      inhaled isoproterenol hydrochloride, and was well tolerated during the 3-week
      trial of daily therapy.

PMID- 1099949
TI  - Effects of smoked marijuana in experimentally induced asthma.
AB  - After experimental induction of acute bronchospasm in 8 subjects with clinically
      stable bronchial asthma, effects of 500 mg of smoked marijuana (2.0 per cent
      delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol) on specific airway conductance and thoracic gas
      volume were compared with those of 500 mg of smoked placebo marijuana (0.0 per
      cent delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol), 0.25 ml of aerosolized saline, and 0.25 ml of
      aerosolized isoproterenol (1,250 mug). Bronchospasm was induced on 4 separate
      occasions, by inhalation of methacholine and, on four other occasions, by
      exercise on a bicycle ergometer or treadmill. Methacholine and exercise caused
      average decreases in specific airway conductance of 40 to 55 per cent and 30 to
      39 per cent, respectively, and average increases in thoracic gas volume of 35 to
      43 per cent and 25 to 35 per cent, respectively. After methacholine-induced
      bronchospasm, placebo marijuana and saline inhalation produced minimal changes in
      specific airway conductance and thoracic gas volume, whereas 2.0 per cent
      marijuana and isoproterenol each caused a prompt correction of the bronchospasm
      and associated hyperinflation. After exercise-induced bronchospasm, placebo
      marijuana and saline were followed by gradual recovery during 30 to 60 min,
      whereas 2.0 per cent marijuana and isoproterenol caused an immediate reversal of
      exercise-induced asthma and hyperinflation.

PMID- 1099950
TI  - Mycoplasma pneumonia with bilateral pleural effusions.

PMID- 1099951
TI  - Adverse effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on pulmonary perfusion and
      arterial oxygenation.

PMID- 1099952
TI  - Highlights in the development of arterial surgery.
AB  - It is concluded that progress in medicine has been maintained at such a rapid
      pace that the delivery system has had difficulty in keeping up. This has been
      excellently demonstrated by the progress in the category of vascular surgery.
      Achievements have placed added demands on available trained personnel, materiel,
      and most importantly, the financial resources of every community and the
      government fulfilled, the problem will continue to be a vexing one and will not
      be easy to solve. The success of our scientific efforts will continue to be
      costly.

PMID- 1099954
TI  - [Necrologic allocution in memory of doctor Pierre Doussinet].

PMID- 1099953
TI  - Repair of hiatal hernia: description and long-term results of a technique.
AB  - A modification of the surgical approach for the correction of hiatal hernia is
      presented. The technique involves use of the phrenoesophageal ligament as a
      structure of support for the repair, along with the strength of the deep
      submucosal sutures through the stomach and esophagus. An additional modification
      is the buffering of the sutures with teflon felt pledgets to prevent tearing
      through of the sutures. Long-term follow-up was obtained in 30 patients. There
      was one recurrence. All patients remain symptom-free to date.

PMID- 1099955
TI  - [Classification of depressive states and Szondi's test].

PMID- 1099956
TI  - [Obituary in the memory of Dr Dublineau, past president of the Societe Medico
      pscyhologique].

PMID- 1099957
TI  - T- and B-cell interactions in autoimmune syndromes.
AB  - We have reviewed briefly some of the individual capabilities of T and B cells and
      how these can be modified by interactions between the two cell lines. Evidence
      that T cells have their own distinct receptors for antigens, yet under certain
      circumstances may bind IgM or IgG produced by B cells, has been particularly
      emphasized. The probability that B cells, in turn, may bind the antigen receptor
      of T-cell origin reflects the balanced nature of an intricate communication
      system in which interactions between antigens, antigen receptors, and binding
      sites for these receptors all serve to modulate the integrated functioning of T
      and B cells. It is suggested that this communication system is disturbed in
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis; specifically, it is proposed that defective
      feedback activity of IgG-antigen complexes on activated T cells may exist in some
      patients and could result in unchecked and harmful T-cell activity in the joint.
      Therapeutic implications of this idea are mentioned.

PMID- 1099958
TI  - Lymphokines in rheumatoid synovitis.
AB  - In antigen-induced experimental arthritis of rabbits, a macrophage migration
      inhibitory factor was released from the inflamed synovial tissues. A migration
      inhibitory factor, blastogenic factor, and B-cell-stimulating factor were also
      found in human rheumatoid synovial fluids and culture supernatants of rheumatoid
      tissue explants. Joint fluids from patients with inflammatory conditions other
      than RA sometimes also displayed these activities. OA fluids were usually
      inactive. At present, little is known of the origin or role in vivo of the
      lymphokine-like activities observed in the joints of rheumatoid patients. In
      related experiments, injection of lymphokine-rich antigen-free lymphocyte
      supernatants into normal rabbit knee joints produced a synovitis characterized by
      lining layer hyperplasia and infiltration of the sublining layer by macrophages.
      The lymphocytic and plasmacytic components seen in active antigen-induced
      synovitis were absent. It seems likely that some of the changes observed in
      active chronic synovitis are mediated by soluble factors of the lymphokine
      variety.

PMID- 1099959
TI  - Physiologic and pharmacologic alterations of rat leukocyte chemotaxis (Cx) in
      vivo.
AB  - The method of adoptively transferring 51Cr-labeled rat leukocytes iv to isologous
      recipients was used to quantitate the extravascular accumulation of specific cell
      types at the site of inflammation induced by local injection of various
      phlogistic agents. Experiments were designed to determine whether cellular
      accumulation could be modified at the level of the chemotactic factor, by serum
      components, or by alteration of the responding cell itself. The results indicated
      a selective attraction of mononuclear cells to the local injection site of BCG
      and of neutrophils to the injection site of aggregated but not monometric gamma
      globulin. Thus, leukocytic accumulation was found to be dependent upon the local
      generation of specific reactants that were particular to the agent employed.
      Leukocytic accumulation could also be modified by serum factors. Cellular
      accumulation was inhibited when leukocytes were exposed to serum that contained
      phagocytosable particles or after phagocytosis in vitro prior to adoptive
      transfer. Chemotaxis of lymphocytes could be induced by their preincubation with
      sera from adjuvant arthritic animals. These observations were confirmed by in
      vitro studies and by the finding that 6 days after adjuvant injection ,
      lymphocytes but not mononuclear cells accumulated at the noninjected extremity.
      In the final series of experiments, it was shown that BCG immunization was
      capable of inducing a unique population of peritoneal mononuclear cells that
      after adoptive transfer had an enhanced capacity to remain in the circulation,
      which, in turn, resulted in a functional increase in their accumulation at an
      inflammatory reaction site. In conclusion, these studies indicated that the
      chemotactic activity of adoptively transferred cells can be modified by changes
      in the chemotactic stimuli, can be enhanced or depressed by serum factors, and is
      a function of the physiologic capability of the cell population employed.

PMID- 1099960
TI  - Plasma and cell-derived inhibitors of human neutrophil chemotaxis.

PMID- 1099961
TI  - Abnormalities of leukocyte chemotaxis in human disease.

PMID- 1099962
TI  - Immune complexes in the initiation of tissue injury: an introduction.

PMID- 1099963
TI  - Self-associating IgG rheumatoid factor represents a major response of plasma
      cells in rheumatoid inflammatory tissue.

PMID- 1099964
TI  - Activation of the complement and properdin systems in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - The classic (C1, C4, and C2) and properdin factors (D, C3b, and B) of complement
      generate C3 convertases that are capable of cleaving C3 and subsequently
      activating C5-C9. Both C1 and factor D are serine esterases, and both convertases
      undergo decay and regeneration. In seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, where
      intraarticular activation of the classic early components (C1, C4, and C2) by
      immunoglobulin complexes appears to predominate, findings of relative depressions
      in synovial fluid levels of factor B indicate recruitment of the amplification
      loop (D, C3b, and B), and relative declines in properdin levels suggest
      activation of the properdin pathway as well. Quantitative analysis of the
      complement system in disease states requires several different approaches:
      measurement of function and antigenic concentration to assess the functional
      integrity of the protein; determination of component metabolism to appreciate the
      relative contributions of hypercatabolism and hyper- or hyposynthesis to the
      plasma level; and for compartmentalized disease, measurement of the component in
      the appropriate biologic fluid and determination of local tissue synthesis.

PMID- 1099965
TI  - Recent trends in ptosis surgery.

PMID- 1099966
TI  - Robert R. Feinstein 1912-1959.

PMID- 1099967
TI  - [Ecology of leishmaniasis in the south of France. 8. Complement to the
      epidemiological application of the immunofluorescence technic: geometric and
      arithmetic mean titers in canine leighmaniasis].

PMID- 1099968
TI  - [Ecology of 2 halophile Aedes, Aedes (O.) caspius (Pallas, 1771) and Aedes (O.)
      detritus (Haliday 1833) in southern France. I. Chorionic structure and
      identification criteria of the 2 species by means of eggs].

PMID- 1099970
TI  - Letters from the past.

PMID- 1099969
TI  - Effect of ovine hydatid cyst fluid on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems
      in sheep.
AB  - Rupture of the hydatid cyst in man brings about mild to severe toxic reactions
      including death. The present study was undertaken to investigate some of the
      responses resulting from administration of the ovine hydatid fluid to the sheep,
      which, like man, is an intermediate host of the Echinococcus granulosus. In 50
      sodium pentobarbital-anesthetized sheep, the arterial blood pressure (A.B.P.),
      central venous pressure (C.V.P.), respiration and electrocardiogram were
      recorded. Intraveonus administration of 5-10 ml hydatid fluid brought about
      moderate to severe fall in A.B.P. and rapid respiration with or without transient
      apnea or permanent repiratory cessation in 80 percent of the animals. Fifty
      percent of the sheep died of circulatory and respiratory failure after the first
      injection of the hydatid fluid. Boiled hydatid fluid did not lose its potency to
      evoke the above responses. Pretreatment of the aminals with atropine sulfate, 0,5
      mg/kg subcutaneously, did not block the reactions. Administration of the
      antihistamine chlorpheniramine, 4 mg/kg intravenously, caused partial prevention
      of the reactions in 6 out of 10 responsive sheep. The cardiovascular and
      respiratory responses to ovine hydatid fluid may be due to antigen-antibody
      reactions or some toxic component of the fluid.

PMID- 1099971
TI  - The maxillofacial unit.

PMID- 1099972
TI  - [Radioisotopic lymphography by an indirect route of the abdomino-pelvic lymphatic
      chains. Value of antimony sulfocolloid labelled with technetium 99m (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1099973
TI  - [The place of thermography in the diagnosis of arteritis in the lower limbs: with
      references to 184 cases verified by arteriography (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099974
TI  - [Presentation of a descriptive file for coronary angiographic data, utilizable
      with computers].

PMID- 1099975
TI  - [Sequential analysis of effectiveness of diazepam, a tranquilizer, on stress in
      swine (author's transl)].
AB  - To study the effectiveness of diazepam, a tranquilizer, in alleviating the
      problems resulting from the mixing and moving of weaned piglets from one piggery
      to another, two procedures, one of short-duration transport and the other of long
      duration transport, are used in a double blind clinical trial. Both followed
      mixing the pigs, but before they entered the new piggery. Results from both
      groups of pigs (treated and control) are sequentially analyzed. Measurements used
      are growth rate and feed conversion curves during the first 18-20 days of the
      prefattening period. Diazepam (I mg/kg IM) reduces feed conversion when used to
      alleviate the effects of the long journey, but increases feed conversion after
      the short journey when compared to controls injected with a placebo. Worsening
      effects seem related to increased aggressiveness in animals treated and
      transported. These results indicate that a better understanding of the action
      mechanisms of psychotropic drugs is necessary, and they should be used with
      caution in husbandry.

PMID- 1099976
TI  - [Pancreatic transplantation: endocrine function of the grafted pancreas. Current
      data and future prospects].

PMID- 1099977
TI  - [2 philosophies of diagnostic aid. Analysis of flat vectorcardiographic tracings
      or XYZ components of the spatial vectorcardiogram].

PMID- 1099978
TI  - Clinical and laboratory considerations in metabolic bone disease.
AB  - An overview of the common types of metabolic bone disease is described. When the
      disease is present in pure form, diagnosis is not difficult. When mixed disease
      is present, as may be the case, the pathophysiology involved must be clearly
      understood for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

PMID- 1099979
TI  - Immunologic aspects of myasthenia gravis.
AB  - Clinical and pathologic features of myasthenia gravis suggest a possible
      autoimmune etiology. Myasthenia is found in association with other putative
      autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies including anti-muscle antibodies. There is
      also in vitro evidence for cell-mediated immunity to muscle in blood and thymic
      cells as well as a suggestion of antigenic disparity between blood and thymic
      cells. In addition, two experimental animal models are under investigation. It
      seems likely that the immune system plays a role in the pathogenesis, but what
      that role is and how it relates to neuromuscular block is not clear.

PMID- 1099980
TI  - [Ultrastructural histochemistry of the hypothalamic lesions caused by
      aurothioglucose (author's transl)].

PMID- 1099981
TI  - Diffusion of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole from susceptibility disks into
      agar medium.
AB  - The standard practice of using a single susceptibility disk for the antimicrobial
      combination Septra (trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) has been further justified by
      a direct measurement of the diffusion rates of each compound through agar medium.
      [(14)C]trimethoprim and [(35)S]sulfamethoxazole, singly and in combination, were
      applied to blank susceptibility disks which were incubated on 4-inch (10.16-cm)
      agar plates (Mueller-Hinton medium) at 37 C. The migration of each compound from
      the disk and diffusion through agar were measured with time by determining the
      radioactivity in concentric zones extending from the origin. The two compounds
      diffuse with similar rates, maintaining approximately a 1:20 concentration ratio
      which is approximately the ratio of trimethoprim to sulfamethoxazole observed in
      plasma during treatment. The diffusion rate is independent of the presence of the
      other compound; greater than 95% of the radioactivity is transferred from the
      disk to the agar in 24 h.

PMID- 1099982
TI  - Activity of minocycline against Acinetobacter calcoaceticus var. anitratus (syn.
      Herellea vaginicola) and Serratia marcescens.
AB  - The activity of minocycline and tetracycline against 23 isolates of Acinetobacter
      calcoaceticus var. anitratus (syn. Herellea vaginicola) and 178 strains of
      Serratia marcescens was determined by disk and microdilution methods. The results
      indicate that minocycline is highly active against this species of Acinetobacter,
      all but one strain being inhibited by 0.007 mug of the antibiotic per ml.
      Tetracycline was also active, though to a lesser degree, against A.
      calcoaceticus. Of the 178 strains of S. marcescens tested, only seven (3.9%) had
      a minimum inhibitory concentration of 2 mug or less of minocycline per ml.
      Tetracycline was less active than minocycline against S. marcescens; with 2 mug
      of tetracycline per ml, only 2 of 152 (1.3%) strains were inhibited. At
      concentrations of 8 and 16 mug of minocycline per ml, which can be achieved in
      the urine with the usual doses, 44.9 and 63.5% of S. marcescens strains were
      inhibited, which implies its possible usefulness for the therapy of urinary tract
      infection due to this organism.

PMID- 1099983
TI  - Bacteriocinogenic Clo DF13 minicells of Escherichia coli synthesize a protein
      that accounts for immunity to bacteriocin Clo DF13: purification and
      characterization of the immunity protein.
AB  - Cloacin DF13 inhibits protein synthesis both in vivo and in vitro by inactivation
      of ribosomes. In this paper we describe the purification, from purified
      bacteriocinogenic plasmid DF13 (Clo DF13)-harboring minicells of Escherichia
      coli, of an acidic protein (molecular weight about 10,000) that prevents the
      inhibition of in vitro protein synthesis by cloacin DF13. It turned out that this
      protein is one of three Clo DF13 plasmid-specific polypeptides that are
      synthesized by the noninduced Clo DF13 plasmid in minicells. Furthermore, we
      observed that, after induction with mitomycin C, the amount of immunity protein
      is only slightly increased, whereas the cloacin DF13 synthesis is increased about
      40 times. These results imply that the genes that code for immunity protein and
      cloacin DF13 are not located in the same regulatory unit. Under noninduced
      conditions, apparently an excess of immunity protein is synthesized, because this
      amount of immunity protein is even sufficient to neutralize the strongly
      increased amount of cloacin after induction, since growth of induced
      cloacinogenic cells is continued.

PMID- 1099984
TI  - Bacteriocinogenic Clo DF13 minicells of Escherichia coli synthesize a protein
      that accounts for immunity to bacteriocin Clo DF16: action of the immunity
      protein in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - The Clo DF13 plasmid-specific immunity protein is able to prevent the inhibitory
      effect of cloacin DF13 on in vitro protein synthesis. We have shown, by gel
      filtration, that direct binding of the Clo DF13 immunity protein to cloacin
      occurs in vitro. This cloacin DF13-immunity protein complex is rather stable, and
      the cloacin present in the complex is no longer able to cause inhibition of in
      vitro protein synthesis. The binding of immunity protein to cloacin DF13 is
      rather specific because the Clo DF13 immunity protein does not bind to in vitro
      inactive cloacin and binds very poorly to the closely related bacteriocin colicin
      E3. Furthermore, we present data which strongly suggest that in vitro at least a
      fourfold excess of immunity protein is required to ensure that every cloacin
      molecule is inactivated by cloacin-immunity protein complex formation. Only a
      fraction (an about equimolar amount) of the immunity protein molecules, however,
      actually binds to cloacin DF13. The existence of an immunity protein-cloacin
      complex in vivo was concluded from the observation that cloacin, purified by
      chromatography on diethyl-(2-hydroxypropyl)-aminoethyl Sephadex in the absence of
      urea, contains an about equimolar amount of a second protein which comigrates
      with immunity protein on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide and urea
      polyacrylamide gels. In an in vitro protein-synthesizing system, this component
      appeared to behave identical to the Clo DF13 immunity protein. The purified
      immunity protein-containing cloacin was at least 80 times less active in
      inhibiting in vitro protein synthesis, compared to cloacin, free of immunity
      protein. These data imply that few, if any, cloacin DF13 molecules are present in
      cloacinogenic cells as active, free cloacin molecules.

PMID- 1099985
TI  - Survival of frozen mycoplasmas.
AB  - Cooling to -70 C killed a higher percentage of Acholeplasma laidlawii and
      Mycoplasma mycoides var. capri cells than cooling to -20 C. However, to preserve
      cell viability for prolonged periods storage at -70 C was much more preferable.
      The percentage of cells surviving freezing could be increased by increasing the
      initial cell concentration or by the addition of dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerol
      as cryoprotective agents. In the presence of 1.5 M of any one of these agents
      survival rates of up to 100% could be obtained. The optimal cooling rates for
      maximal survival of A. laidlawii under the experimental conditions tested were 11
      C/min for cooling to -20 C and about 15 C/min for cooling to -70 C. Increasing
      the warming rate during thawing from 0.6 to 67 C/min increased survival by 3 log.
      Oleic acid enrichment of A. laidlawii membrane lipids, or reduction in the
      cholesterol content of M. mycoides var. capri membranes, increased the percentage
      of organisms surviving freezing. Hence, the composition of membrane lipids
      appears to have a marked influence on the susceptibility of mycoplasmas to
      freezing injury.

PMID- 1099986
TI  - Comparative effects of anesthetics on the viability and integrity of Escherichia
      coli ML30.
AB  - Cells of Escherichia coli ML30 in a mineral salts medium were exposed to
      dichlorodifluoromethane (f-12), cyclopropane, halothane, or Ethrane at
      concentrations of 1.25, 0.2, 0.04, and 0.008 X saturation for times up to 1,200
      min, and at temperatures in the range of 2 to 37 C. When any of these anesthetics
      were applied for 300 min at 1.25 X saturation, a substantial decrease in number
      of survivors occurred. Halothane was most bactericidal, cyclopropane and Ethrane
      were moderately bactericidal, and t-12 was least bactericidal. At saturation
      values of less than 1.0, none of the four anesthetics had an appreciable effect
      on viability of E. coli. Greatest increases in cell permeability occurred when
      anesthetics were used at saturation values of 1.25, and permeability changes
      generally decreased as the concentrations of the chemicals were reduced. In many
      instances, anesthetics in the vapor state caused significant increases in cell
      permeability but little or no loss of viability. This indicated that a close
      relationship did not exist between loss of viability and increased permeability.
      All four anesthetics caused E. coli to lose substantial and similar amounts of
      compounds absorbing at 260 nm. Release of compounds absorbing at 260 nm generally
      increased as the saturation value of a given chemical was increased. Halothane,
      Ethrane, and cyclopropane but not f-12 caused lysis of E. coli ML300. Considering
      all results, E. coli ML30 was damaged more by halothane or cyclopropane than by f
      12 or Ethrane. When f-12 was applied at a saturation value of 1.25, the
      bactericidal effect on E. coli was much greater at 37 or 22 C than at 12 or 2 C.

PMID- 1099987
TI  - Antibodies against enteric bacteria in brown bullhead catfish (Ictalurus
      nebulosus, LeSueur) inhabiting contaminated waters.
AB  - Brown bullhead catfish were collected from sewage- and acid mine waste-polluted
      waters in an attempt to detect antibodies against human enteric bacteria in their
      sera and to investigate the association of antibody response with environmental
      conditions. Agglutination antigens prepared from isolates obtained from water
      collected at the same locations as the fish habitats were used to demonstrate
      such antibodies. The results showed large percentages of reactive sera for common
      isolates such as Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae as well as lesser
      incidences of antibodies to other, less common isolates. In general, fish with
      the highest titres were collected from habitats with higher coliform counts. Acid
      mine drainage reduced the total coliform counts, but did not appear to affect the
      titers of sera from fish collected from water so affected. It was concluded that
      the bottom-feeding catfish might be a better subject for the study of fish as an
      ecological indicator of fecal pollution in acid-polluted waters.

PMID- 1099988
TI  - Principal component analysis of infraspecific variation in bacteria.
AB  - In certain types of ecological investigations it may be desirable to investigate
      infraspecific variation in bacteria. Principal component analysis is demonstrated
      to be satisfactory for this purpose. Hypothetical bacterial populations were used
      to show that such analysis can be used to compare collections of bacterial
      isolates taken at different times or from different sources. Alternatively, given
      n isolates, whether they represent a single bacterial population can be
      determined. The method is applied to authentic collections of bacteria in three
      separate analyses. The results are compatible with current taxonomic tenets.

PMID- 1099989
TI  - Total rinse method for microbiological sampling of the internal cavity of
      eviscerated broiler carcasses.
AB  - A method is described for spray-rinse sampling the entire visceral cavity of
      broiler chicken carcasses for microbiological analyses. The method is designed to
      provide a more comprehensive sample than swabbing or excision of small areas.

PMID- 1099990
TI  - Lipoate metabolism in Pseudomonas putida LP.

PMID- 1099991
TI  - Immunologic phenomena in herpes gestationis.
AB  - Immunofluorescence findings are of diagnostic significance in herpes gestationis.
      The studies in two cases demonstrated some complement components (chiefly C3 and
      C4, but no C(1q)), without immunoglobulins at the basement membrane zone and with
      no circulating anti BMZ antibodies. In one case IgG were found at the BM zone in
      one biopsy specimen, but were not demonstrable in several other biopsies. The IF
      findings seem to indicate both the alternate and classical pathways of complement
      activation, and speak in favor of a relation between herpes gestationis and
      bullous pemphigoid, in which sometimes the immunoglobulins are also not
      demonstrable and the immunofluorescent pattern is very much like that of herpes
      gestationis.

PMID- 1099992
TI  - [Microbiology of leprosy. Is there an in-vitro cultivable phase of Hansen's
      bacillus].

PMID- 1099993
TI  - Long term studies of pancreas transplantation in experimental diabetes mellitus.
AB  - Alloxan diabetes was induced in inbred rats that then were divided into four
      groups consisting of unoperated diabetic controls, sham-operated diabetic
      controls, rats given pancreaticoduodenal isografts, and rats given duct-ligated
      pancreas isografts. The animals were studied for from 18 months (controls) to two
      years (transplants) and the following important results were obtained: 1) In
      striking contrast to the diabetic controls, pancreas transplants of both types
      produced immediate and permanent relief of hyperglycemia, immediate and lasting
      elevation of serum insulin levels, a normal weight and growth curve, and good
      health for two years. Removal of the graft was followed by recurrence of severe
      diabetes. 2) Pancreas transplants of both types prevented the widespread and
      severe renal, ophthalmic and neural lesions of diabetes that were found in the
      diabetic controls. 3) The duct-ligated pancreas graft and pancreaticoduodenal
      transplant were equally effective in controlling diabetes. Ligation of the
      pancreatic duct was not followed by significant morphologic or clinical evidence
      of pancreatitis or by loss of endocrine function. 4) Portal venous drainage of
      the pancreas transplant was unnecessary for good endocrine function.

PMID- 1099994
TI  - New surgical concepts resulting from cranio-orbito-facial surgery.
AB  - The authors have defined the subspecialty of craniofacial surgery and described
      the organization of the multi-disciplinary team required to care for such
      patients. Common features of the craniofacial patient have been summarized and
      three major categories of patients have been proposed. These are: I. Syndromes
      associated with hypertelorism; II. Syndromes associated with premature synostoses
      or growth arrests; III. Syndromes associated with primarily mid- and lower face
      anomalies. Growing out of an experience with 242 operations on 106 patients, the
      authors have listed 9 relatively new surgical "principles." Each has led to a
      current surgical approach that is now being employed by the craniofacial team at
      The University of Virginia. A number of examples are given to show ways in which
      the lessons learned from the craniofacial patients are now being applied, with
      improved results, to patients with neoplasms, traumatic injuries, or other
      conditions.

PMID- 1099995
TI  - Correction of the transposition of the great arteries.
AB  - Inversion of the atrial flow in transposition of the great arteries is achieved
      in the following way: the remaining atrial septum is detached from behind,
      leaving it as a flap between both AV-valves. The incision is continued into the
      coronary sinus and the Vena magna cordis to the base of the left atrial appendage
      along the mitral ring. The resulting flap from the split coronary sinus is
      sutured to the left atrial wall in front of the left side pulmonary veins, thus
      forming a septum dorsal to the caval veins, diverting the left pulmonary venous
      blood to the right side. The atrial septal flap is reattached in front of the
      caval vein orifices. In 50 cases a small Dacron patch was used to complete the
      midportion of the new septum. Six patients died and so far we have encountered
      one superior Vena cava stenosis and one pulmonary vein stenosis. In 16 patients
      completion of the midportion of the new atrial septum was done with a partially
      excised flap from the right atrial wall still attached to the Vena cava inferior.
      This method resulted in 3 operative deaths. In 42 of 58 survivors the ECG has
      been repeatedly controlled 3 months to 6 years postoperatively. Thirty-six of the
      42 patients have sinus rhythm, 4 vary between nodal and sinus-rhythm and 2 have a
      total AV-dissociation.

PMID- 1099996
TI  - Complications of pulmonary resection.
AB  - The following complications of pulmonary resection are discussed with reference
      to their frequency of occurrence, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment: pulmonary
      insufficiency, arrhythmias, residual intrapleural air spaces, prolonged air
      leaks, postpneumonectomy empyema, bronchopleural fistula, cardiac herniation,
      lobar gangrene, esophagopleural fistula, pulmonary embolism, and tumor embolism.

PMID- 1099997
TI  - Pulmonary artery pressure and lung water during extracorporeal circulation in
      experimental pulmonary insufficiency.
AB  - Use of the membrane oxggenator has been advocated in the management of severe
      respiratory insufficiency. We have compared this method to conventional therapy
      in an experimental model in which 23 dogs were subjected to aspiration with 0.1 N
      HC1 and 18 were supported with a volume respirator and positive end-expiratory
      pressure or placed on partial bypass using a membrane oxygenator for 12 to 24
      hours. Adequate oxygenation (POX greater than 100 mm Hg) was achieved with the
      membrane oxygenator. The increase in lung weight during conventional therapy was
      significantly greater than during membrane oxygenator support. Extracorporeal
      support during recovery from severe pulmonary injury allows pulmonary artery
      pressure to be controlled and reduces the expected increase in lung water.

PMID- 1099998
TI  - Cardiovascular effects of central microinjections of apomorphin in cats.
AB  - Microinjections of apomorphine (25-300 mug) were made into the lateral ventricle,
      dorsal nucleus of the vagus and ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus of cats
      through a stereotaxically implanted cannula-electrode. Apomorphine caused
      depressor and bradycardic effects without any dose-response relationship. At the
      above doses of apomorphine the efferent vagal discharges werr markedly increased
      concurrent with cardiovascular changes. Respiration was not affected except at
      higher doses causing depression in some experiments. Pretreatment with atropine,
      scopolamine or haloperidol abolished those responses. Similar results were
      observed with bivagotomy and midcollicular transection. Dopamine (125-100 mug),
      acetylcholine (10-100 mug) and norepinephrine (25-100 mug) caused similar
      cardiovascular changes, as in the case of apomorphine, and such effects were
      blocked by both specific and non-specific autonomic blackers. Thus the
      hypothalamus and the dorsal nucleus of the vagus appear to be inbolved in the
      central cardiovascular effects of apomorphine and such effects may be mediated
      through more than one neurotransmitter mechanisms.

PMID- 1099999
TI  - Influence of temperature and cocaine on responses of the isolated mouse vas
      deferens to adrenergic amines.
AB  - Lowering the bath temperature from 37 degrees C to 20 degrees C resulted in
      supersensitivity of the isolated mouse was deferens to norepinephrine. Dose
      response curves to norepinephrine were shifted to the left along the log dose
      axis (enhanced potency) and the maximum degree of contraction that could be
      elicited was increased. The effect of cocaine on norepinephrine effects was
      qualitatively the same as hypothermia. Both treatments enhanced the potencies of
      other alpha receptor agonists that are substrates for the adrenergic neuronal
      membrane uptake mechanism. Neither treatment enhanced the potency of methoxamine,
      which is not taken up by adrenergic neurons, but hypothermia increased the
      methoxamine-induced maximum contractile height. Uptake of 14C-norepinephrine by
      the vas deferens was abolished by cocaine and low temperature. The data suggest
      that enhanced potency of adrenergic amines by hypothermia results from an
      inhibition of uptake by adrenergic neurons. Increased height of maximum
      contraction at low temperature may be partly due to decreased neuronal uptake,
      but other mechanisms are also likely to be involved in this effect.

PMID- 1100000
TI  - Festschrift in honor of Lawrence E. Young, MD.

PMID- 1100001
TI  - Lymphocyte function in rheumatic disorders.
AB  - This review discusses the immunology of rheumatic diseases, specifically
      rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus, and presents some known
      data, while suggesting what more needs to be learned. Cellular immunity occurring
      in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus is emphasized.

PMID- 1100002
TI  - Learning can be fun. The rule for straight thinking.

PMID- 1100003
TI  - Identification, inspiration, and learning or learning is fun, especially when you
      have both Ham and Young on the menu.

PMID- 1100004
TI  - Remarks.

PMID- 1100005
TI  - Dr Strauss' last teaching session.

PMID- 1100006
TI  - Cryptococcal meningitis: diagnostic value of cryptococcal antigen in
      cerebrospinal fluid.
AB  - In three previously reported cases of cryptococcal meningitis, the only
      laboratory evidence for this diagnosis was the presence of cryptococcal antigen
      in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Three additional patients had chronic
      meningitis and repeatedly negative CSF cultures and had cryptococcal antigen
      demonstrated in the CSF. In our patients, the diagnosis was further supported by
      the complete recovery after amphotericin B therapy in two and the demonstration
      of Cryptococcus neoformans in the meninges at autopsy in the third. In certain
      patients with chronic meningitis, the detection of cryptococcal antigen in the
      CSF may be the only means of establishing a diagnosis during life. In such
      patients, if cryptococcal antigen is present in the CSF in a titer of larger than
      or equal to 1:8, antifungal therapy should be initiated, pending results of other
      diagnostic studies.

PMID- 1100007
TI  - Fungal infection following renal transplantation.
AB  - Twenty-seven deep fungal infections developed in 22 of 171 patients following
      renal transplantation. These infections included cryptococcosis (ten),
      nocardiosis (seven), candidiasis (four), aspergillosis (two), phycomycosis (two),
      chromomycosis (one), and subcutaneous infection with Phialophora gougeroti (one).
      Twelve infections occurred in living-related and ten in cadaveric recipients.
      Nineteen of the 22 patients were male. Infections occurred from 0 to 61 months
      after transplantation. Complicating non-fungal infections were present
      concomitantly in 15 patients. Thirteen patients died, eight probably as a result
      of fungal infection. Appropriate diagnostic procedures yielded a diagnosis in 20
      of 27 infections, and therapy was begun in 18 patients. Serologic, culture, and
      biopsy procedures useful in making rapid diagnoses are advocated in the hope of
      increasing survival.

PMID- 1100008
TI  - Pulmonary allescheriasis. Report of a case and review of the literature.

PMID- 1100009
TI  - [Phagocytosis in patients with splenectomy].
AB  - Phagocytosis was evaluated in nine patients with splenctomy undergoing renal
      transplant, eight renal transplanted patients without splenectomy, three
      immunodepressed patients with terminal renal failure, four patients with
      splenectomy and six healthy volunteers. For phagocytosis evaluation, neutrophils
      adhered to glass were used. They were cover with 4% latex and albumin containing
      culture medium with or without phagocytosis stimulating tetrapeptide extracted
      from IgG in each case. Phagocytosis was decreased in all groups studied.
      Immunodepressed patients showed the highest diminishment of phagocytosis and
      patients with splenectomy and immunodepression the lesser. It was speculated that
      such a finding is due to a decrease of tetrapeptide in serum.

PMID- 1100010
TI  - [The influence of the antivitamine pyrithiamine on the metabolism of the thiamin
      autotrophic Serratia marcescens].
AB  - A new method is described for the quantitative microbiological analysis of the
      thiamine analog pyrithiamine present in biological material. The method uses a
      mutant of Lactobacillus fermenti (ATCC 9338) stimulated by pyrithiamine. By this
      specific method it is found that Serratia marcescens is able to consume and to
      phosphorylate the antivitamine (presumably to pyrithiamine monophosphate). The
      uptake of the analog influences neither the generation time of Serratia
      marcescens nor the biomass of the culture, nor the total amounts of carbohydrate
      and protein within the cells. On the contrary, pyrithiamin stimulates the
      exponential death-rate k and decreases the quantity of neutral fats. The carbon
      source glycerol is consumed at a higher rate, which is paralleled by an increased
      total amount of pyruvate as well as by an increased biosynthesis of acetoin.

PMID- 1100011
TI  - [Absorption of vitamin B 12: physiology and pathology].

PMID- 1100012
TI  - Exercise electrocardiograms: Code for their clinical evaluation.
AB  - This report suggests the use of a simple clinical method of codification of the
      most significant electrocardiographic changes as a result of the exercise stress
      test. It uses common abbreviations in the evaluation of the electrocardiographic
      findings before, during and after exercise. The five major categories to be
      codified include: (1) the basic electrocardiographic pattern, (2) the heart rate,
      (3) the pattern of ventricular conduction, (4) the pattern of rhythm and (5) the
      ST segment deviation. The initial sequence of five symbols indicates the findings
      in the preexercise electrocardiogram. This is followed by the word "to" with a 
      subscript number. The number in subscript indicates the peak heart rate achieved
      during the exercise. The sequence of symbols following "to[]" serves to indicate
      the electrocardiographic changes observed in the postexercise period. The data
      codified using this system have been found to be concise and easily comparable.
      The familiarity of the symbols used facilitates its learning and application.

PMID- 1100013
TI  - Glucocorticoid and antibiotic effect on experimental gram-negative bacteremic
      shock.
AB  - This study was designed to answer the three following questions: (1) Are
      glucocorticoids as protective in Gram-negative bacteremic shock as they are in
      endotoxic shock? (2) Is there any difference in efficacy between a bacteriostatic
      and a bactericidal antibiotic in bacteremic shock? (3) Does the combination of
      glucocorticoid with antibiotic potentiate the individual protective effects of
      both? Bacteremia was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by a single intravenous
      injection of viable Escherichia coli. The results showed that dexamethasone
      sodium phosphate alone afforded significant protection against Gram-negative
      bacteremic shock up to eight hours after challenge. The choice of a bactericidal
      vs a bacteriostatic antibiotic did not influence the survival rates in this
      study. The survival rate was maximal when dexamethasone was used with both
      ampicillin sodium and gentamicin sulfate.

PMID- 1100014
TI  - Low-dose heparin in postoperative patients: a prospective, coded study.
AB  - One hundred five patients over age 40 undergoing various major operations were
      randomly divided into control and treated groups; all were treated by
      subcutaneous injection containing either 5,000 international units aqueous
      heparin sodium or a placebo one hour prior to operation and every 12 hours
      thereafter for eight days. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was detected by daily -125I
      fibrinogen injection and leg scanning, and confirmed by ascending phlebography.
      Both groups were comparably distributed by age, sex, variety of operation,
      incidence of previous thromboembolism, and myocardial and cerebrovascular
      disease. Blood loss was not increased in the treated group. Incidence of DVT was
      8.6 percent for the total group, 7.5 percent in the heparin-tested group (four of
      53), and 9.6 percent in the control group (five of 52), including one control
      patient with a normal scan (who later had a pulmonary embolus.

PMID- 1100015
TI  - The leukocyte aggregation test: immunodiagnostic applications and
      immunotherapeutic implications for clinical renal transplantation.
AB  - The leukocyte aggregation test (LAT) detects the in vitro adhesion of sensitized,
      but not nonimmune, recipient leukocytes onto donor kidney cell monolayers. The
      test specifically detects cell-mediated homograft immunity up to 15 days prior to
      the appearance of clinical signs or alteration of chemical indexes. The presence
      of a positive reaction always signified incipient homograft rejection, which was
      usually controlled by intravenously administered, high-dose methylprednisolone
      sodium succinate (Solu-Medrol) therapy. There was no instance in which methyl
      prednisolone treatment effectively reversed rejection in the presence of a
      negative leukocyte aggregation test. One common form of homograft rejection may
      be characterized by positive LAT results, a cellular infiltrate on the renal
      biopsy specimen, and sensitivity to methylprednisolone therapy.

PMID- 1100016
TI  - Computer assisted instruction in pharmacology at the University of Arizona
      Medical School.

PMID- 1100017
TI  - [Caudal vertebro-medullary dysrhaphia. Intra-sacral forms].
AB  - The mean theories of the sacral spinal dysraphisms are reviewed and 4 cases of
      "meningeal intrasacral diverticulum" are reported. The authors prefer this term
      to the more common "intrasacral occult meningocele". The proeminent symptom in
      their cases was late vesical incontinence, which disappeared after surgery. In
      the pertinent literature 24 similar cases were described till now.

PMID- 1100018
TI  - A biochemical study of the origin of arginine aminopeptidases in human gingival
      fluid.

PMID- 1100019
TI  - Use of the Lombard response in cases of hysterical aphonia.
AB  - Lombard is best known for his work on the effect of noise on vocal intensity. In
      1917, he applied this concept to the treatment of hysterical aphonia and
      described the procedure he used in a military publication. He suggested that a
      masking noise will interfere with the auditory monitoring system sufficiently
      that the patient will not be aware he has regained use of phonation. Removal of
      the noise from the patient's ears confirms the return of phonation, and the
      aphonia disappears. Credit is given to Lombard for this pioneering effort, and
      suggestions for present-day clinical use are made.

PMID- 1100020
TI  - Membranous glomerulopathy in a patient with sarcoidosis.
AB  - We describe a case of membranous nephropathy in a patient with pulmonary, splenic
      and hepatic sarcoidosis. The patient was asymptomatic, and edema was absent
      notwithstanding the proteinuria (over 8.0 gm/100 ml daily). Prednisone cleared
      the pulmonary and splenic complications, but the proteinuria, although
      diminished, persisted. Adjunctive therapy with cyclophosphamide caused further
      diminishment of the proteinuria. We have reviewed the relationship between the
      nephropathy and the sarcoidosis and suggest that a causal relationship exists
      between the two diseases.

PMID- 1100021
TI  - Granulomatous pneumonitis. A result of intrapleural instillation of quinacrine
      and talcum powder.
AB  - A 73-year-old man with bilateral recurrent pleural effusions had relief of
      symptoms with intrapleural instillation of quinacrine hydrochloride and talcum
      powder. At postmortem, examination of the lungs showed granulomatous
      consolidation of a portion of the lower lobe of the left lung. The granulomatous
      reaction was in response to large numbers of talc and quinacrine crystals within
      the pulmonary parenchyma. A review of the literature disclosed no reports of
      pulmonary damage following the intrapleural administration of these two agents.
      This unusual complication of therapy may have resulted from the aspiration of
      crystals through a small, undetected bronchopleural fistula.

PMID- 1100022
TI  - Changes in the composition of a nickel-base partial denture casting alloy upon
      fusion and casting.
AB  - Three series of tensile test pieces were produced using a nickel-base partial
      denture casting alloy. For the first series induction heating was employed for
      melting the alloy, for the second a resistance crucible, and for the third an oxy
      acetylene torch. In each series the same metal was cast sequentially five times,
      following which samples of the alloy were subjected to a ten element quantitative
      analysis to ascertain compositional changes associated with the three methods of
      fusion.

PMID- 1100023
TI  - The effects of remelting on the mechanical properties of a nickel base partial
      denture casting alloy.
AB  - Three series of tensile test pieces were produced using a nickel base partial
      denture casting alloy. For the first series induction heating was employed, for
      the second a resistance crucible, and for the third, an oxy-acetylene torch. In
      each series the same metal was cast sequentially a number of times and all test
      pieces so produced were subjected to mechanical testing. The mechanical
      properties were found to vary according to both the number of times the alloy was
      cast and the method of heating used to render the alloy molten.

PMID- 1100024
TI  - The pulpless abutment.
AB  - The use of preformed metallic anchorages inserted in satisfactorily treated teeth
      for increased stabilization and retention in complete and partial dentures is
      demonstrated. An additonal advantage is the retention of proprioceptive guidance
      in mastication with complete dentures. A number of clinical examples are
      illustrated.

PMID- 1100025
TI  - Microporosity in casting alloys.
AB  - Three series of tensile test pieces were produced using a nickel base partial
      denture casting alloy. For the first series induction heating was employed, for
      the second a resistance crucible, and for the third an oxy-acetylene torch.
      Samples from each series were sectioned longitudinally, mounted, polished and
      examined microscopically for evidence of microporosity.

PMID- 1100026
TI  - Periodontal treatment requirements of a group of defence forces' personnel.
AB  - The periodontal treatment requirements of 187 Royal Australian Air Force men aged
      18-54 years based on clinical signs and symptoms were assessed. Every man
      required some treatment; 60 per cent needed surgery in one or more segments of
      the mouth.

PMID- 1100027
TI  - Papillary necrosis in renal allografts--report of 2 cases.
AB  - Two patients are reported in whom early and irreversible renal allograft
      rejection was associated with passage of necrotic papillary material in the
      urine. Evidence is presented for a causal relationship between rejection and
      medullary necrosis. Passage of a papilla is regarded as a definite indication for
      graft exploration.

PMID- 1100028
TI  - Aortic valve replacement following cadaver renal transplantation.
AB  - Acute bacterial endocarditis producing aortic incompetence developed in a patient
      undergoin haemodialysis.  Subsequent cadaver renal transplantation and aortic
      valve replacement has proved successful.

PMID- 1100029
TI  - Cold agglutinin formation in patients undergoing haemodialysis.  A possible
      relationship to dialyser re-use.
AB  - Cold agglutinins with anti-N characteristics were shown to develop in as short a
      time as four months in patients on home dialysis.  It appeared that the
      development of such antibodies is related to dialyser re-use.  Those who were
      treated without re-using their dialyser did not develop these antibodies.  Anti-N
      may cause early graft failure associated with agglutination in a cold allograft. 
      Moreover, if these antibodies develop in patients on dialysis there may be
      problems with extracorporeal dialysis and blood transfusion.

PMID- 1100030
TI  - The pituitary-testicular response to luteinising hormone releasing hormone
      administration to normal men.
AB  - The response of the pituitary and testis in normal men to the injection of LH-RH
      has been studied using single intravenous doses of either 25 mug or 100 mug. 
      Serum LH levels rose with both doses but significant elevation of plasma
      testosterone was evident only following 100 mug of LH-RH.  Though testosterone
      levels were elevated within 60 minutes, peak responses occurred from 4-12 hours
      post-injection.  The rise in serum FSH levels was small or absent at 25 mug but
      was clearly present following 100 mug LH-RH, in general rising more slowly than
      LH levels but persisting for a longer period.

PMID- 1100031
TI  - Dr. A. A. Seawright awarded degree of Doctor of Veterinary Science.

PMID- 1100032
TI  - The influence of the veterinary department of the Highland and Agricultural
      Society of Scotland on the early practice of veterinary science in Australia.

PMID- 1100033
TI  - Letter: Introduction of Bali cattle to Northern Australia.

PMID- 1100034
TI  - Letter: Identification of granulomas characterised by ray or club formation:
      evaluation of a technique useful in meat inspection.

PMID- 1100036
TI  - David Hartley Abbott.

PMID- 1100035
TI  - Edgar John Rouse.

PMID- 1100037
TI  - Induced systemic candidiasis in young broiler chickens.
AB  - Systemic candidiasis was induced in broiler chickens 14 days old by intravenous
      injection of a suspension of viable Candida albicans cells. Injection resulted in
      decreased body weight, moderate mortality, swollen and reddened livers and
      kidneys, pancreatitis, and disturbances of the nervous system. Three types of
      neutral disturbances were observed: 1) extreme opisthotonus with spasmodic
      tremors; 2) extreme torticollis with cranial rotation of 270 degrees: and 3)
      extreme torticolis which resulted in the head being drawn in a medial-ventral
      direction. None to 50% of the inoculated birds exhibited these neural
      disturbances, depending on the isolant of C. albicans used. Microbiological
      examination of internal organs and blood revealed that C. albicans localized in
      the meninges of the brain. There was also a significant isolant-related effect of
      C. albicans on the growth rate of the inoculated birds. These easily quantitated
      differential effects of various isolants of C. albicans offer the prospect of
      correlating biochemical characteristics with virulence and obtaining information
      about the mechanism of pathogenicity of this microorganism.

PMID- 1100038
TI  - Hemodynamics, renal function, plasma renin, and aldosterone in man after 5 to 14
      days of bedrest.
AB  - Continous bedrest for 5 to 14 days had no significant effect on resting heart
      rate, blood pressure or cardiac output in six normal men. Head-up tilt induced
      greater tachycardia in 5 of 6 patients after bed rest than in the control period.
      Propranolol diminished both the tachycardia and the incidence of hypotension and
      faintness in upright posture. Body weight, serum electrolytes and resting renal
      plasma flow, and glomerular filtration rate were unchanged by bedrest. Plasma
      volume fell, extracellular fluid volume increased, and plasma renin activity was
      significantly elevated following bedrest. Unusually large increases in plasma
      renin followed head-up tilt or administration of isoproterenol during bedrest,
      and after resuming normal activity. During bedrest, plasma aldosterone was often
      increased in the early morning. We conclude that after bedrest, upright posture
      evokes strong beta-adrenergic activity, with exaggerated metabolic and
      circulatory responses which can be reduced or abolished by the beta-adrenergic
      blocker, propranolol.

PMID- 1100039
TI  - Human assay of antimotion sickness drugs.
AB  - The present study was undertaken to improve previous testing procedures,
      involving the use of a slow rotation room, for assessing the efficacy of
      antimotion sickness drugs which had validity for groups of subjects but not for
      each individual in the group. Three major changes were introduced: first, the use
      of an incremental increase in the intensity of the stressful stimuli of constant
      intensity; second, a systematic distribution of placebos, rather than a random
      distribution, in using a modified Latin-square design; third, categorizing the
      responses as "inconsquential," "beneficial," and "detrimental"--the range of the
      "placebo responses" was doubled to define the inconsequential range and response
      above or below were, respectively, beneficial or detrimental. Only drugs known to
      have antimotion sickness effectiveness were tested and the cardinal findings can
      be briefly summarized: 1) The group responses were similar to the data previously
      reported; 2) Great individual differences in response to antimotion sickness
      drugs were revealed, implying that individual assessments must be made for
      maximal benefits; 3) The fixed-dose combination of promethazine hydrochloride and
      ephedrine sulfate (25 mg each) proved to be outstanding as this combination of
      homergic drugs clearly exhibited a suprasummation effect; and 4) A few tests were
      conducted using larger than usual doses and the results supported previous
      findings that, for a maximal beneficial effect in response to a single dose,
      individuals may vary both with regard to the choice of drug and the amount
      administered.

PMID- 1100040
TI  - Surveillance of some infectious diseases among aircrew personnel in Southeast
      Asia.
AB  - A 2-year analysis of specimens among aircrew personnel in Southeast Asia is
      reported. Stool specimens were examined for intestinal parasites and enteric
      bacteria, blood smears for blood parasites, and sera tested for transaminases
      (SGOT) and antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica, Toxoplasma gondii, Chikungunya
      and Japanese encephalitis viruses, Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, Leptospira sp. and
      Pseudomonas pseudomallei. One to four specimens each were obtained from 537 adult
      males and 20 females. There were 56 subjects with intestinal parasites as
      follows: Giardia lamblia (3.8%), Endolimax nana (2.6%), Entamoeba histolytica
      (1.4%), Entamoeba hartmanni (0.9%), Entamoeba coli (0.7%), Trichiuris trichiura
      (1.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides (1.4%), hookworm (0.9%), and Clonorchis sinensis
      (1.2%). Two individuals had malaria, Plasmodium vivax (0.6%). Pathogenic enteric
      bacteria were isolated from seven stool specimens; Shigella groups B and D
      (0.9%), Salmonella paratyphi (0.3%), and Arizona group (0.9%). Significantly
      elevated SGOT levels were found in 0.9% and antibodies to Japanese encephalitis
      virus in 1.5%, to Rickettsia tsutsugamushi in 1.2%, to Pseudomonas pseudomallei
      in 0.3%, to Entamoeba histolytica in 0.9% and to Toxoplasma gondii in 10.1%. No
      antibodies were found to Chikungunya virus or Leptospira sp.

PMID- 1100041
TI  - Effects of pyrobenzamine and plimasin on fighter pilots flying a fighter
      intercept mission in the F4D flight simulator.
AB  - There were 26 F4D crews from a Tactical Air Force Wing which participated in a
      difficult intercept mission in a F4D flight simulator. They were divided into
      three groups, medicated with either Plimasin, Pyrobenzamine or placebo. The
      groups medicated with either Plimasin or Pyrobenzamine alone demonstrated
      decreased effectiveness in completing this intercept as compared with the
      nonmedicated group. These medications apparently caused impairment of mission
      performance and should be avoided while performing flying duties.

PMID- 1100042
TI  - Crown gall tumors: are bacterial nucleic acids involved?

PMID- 1100044
TI  - Rodent sex differences in emotional and related behavior.

PMID- 1100043
TI  - Physical properties of membrane lipids: biological relevance and regulation.

PMID- 1100045
TI  - [Artificial respiration in cats].

PMID- 1100046
TI  - Regulation of normal hemopoiesis in the acute leukemia L5222.
AB  - Normal hemopoiesis becomes markedly depressed in rats during the development of
      the rat leukemia L5222. Whether this could be due to the influence of a
      circulating humoral factor was investigated by comparing the growth of normal
      bone marrow cells in diffusion chambers implanted into the peritoneal cavity of
      normal or leukemic hosts. Similar growth in total cell numbers was observed in
      both groups of hosts, and no significant difference could be detected between
      them. In an attempt to exclude the possibility that an inhibitor either did not
      penetrate to the peritoneum or was inactivated by the chamber membrane, normal
      serum, or serum from a highly leukemic rat was mixed with the bone marrow cell
      suspension in the chambers. Again, no difference in growth between the 2 groups
      could be detected. Therefore, the influence of a circulating humoral factor in
      the depression of normal bone marrow hemopoiesis in this experimental leukemia
      seems to be ruled out, and the decrease may be attributable to local events in
      the bone marrow such as short-range factors or cellular interaction between the
      leukemic and normal hemopoietic cell populations.

PMID- 1100047
TI  - Murine and human leukemias.
AB  - Essentially all the drugs which are active against human leukemias and lymphomas
      are active against one type or another of the rodent leukemias and lymphomas.
      Leukemia L1210 has been generally the most successful screening tool for
      clinically active compounds. Leukemia P388, however, seems to be better in
      detecting active antibiotics and natural products and P1534 is particularly
      sensitive to the Vinca alkaloids, while L5178Y, EARAD, and 6C3HED are useful in
      detecting the activities of various asparaginase containing fractions. Cell
      cultures of these leukemias can demonstrate mechanism of drug action and
      quantitate resistance. Spontaneous AKR leukemia is a model of the advanced human
      disease. In these leukemias vincristine and prednisone produce a 4 log cell kill.
      Cytoxan and arabinosyl cytosine (Ara-C) are also effective. On the other hand
      drugs such as mercaptopurine (6MP) and methotrexate which are highly active in
      the maintenance phase of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and in L1210 have
      little or no activity against the AKR spontaneous system. Mouse leukemias can
      also detect schedule dependence, synergistic combinations, cross resistance, oral
      activity, and the ability of drugs to pass the blood brain barrier. A case in
      point is the Ara-C analog 2,2'-anhydro-arabinofuranosyl-5-fluorocytosine (AAFC)
      which is not schedule dependent, is active orally, is potentiated by thioguanine,
      and is effective against intracerebrally inoculated mouse leukemia. AAFC and its
      analogs might thus be a considerable improvement over Ara-C which is at the
      present time the most important component of the combination treatment of acute
      myelogenous leukemia (AML).

PMID- 1100048
TI  - In memorium. I. Authur Mirsky.

PMID- 1100049
TI  - The use of a fluorescent sterol to investigate the mode of action of amphotericin
      methyl ester, a polyene antibiotic.

PMID- 1100050
TI  - Bypass by photoaffinity labeling of blocked metabolic activation of ethidium:
      confirmation of the role for covalent ethidium attachment in mitochondrial
      mutagenesis.

PMID- 1100051
TI  - Enzymic hydrolysis of phosphonate esters.

PMID- 1100052
TI  - Synthesis and biological activity of antagonists of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LH-RH).

PMID- 1100053
TI  - [Influence of indole-3-alkanecarboxylic acids on glucose utilization in rats].
AB  - The influence of various indole-3-alkane-carboxylic acids (indole-3-propionic
      acid, indole-3-butyric acid and derivatives of this substance) on some parameters
      of carbohydrate, fat and insulin metabolism were studied in normal and
      experimentally induced diabetic rats. Earlier it had been shown, by Schillinger
      and Loge (1973) using rat liver slices for in vitro studies and adrenalectomized
      rates for in vivo experiments that indole-3-butyric acid and its analogues
      investigated suppress gluconeogenesis from pyruvate and that these substances
      have a hypoglycaemic effect when administered orally at doses of 50-250 mg/kg.
      Indole-3-propionic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, 1-methyl-indole-3-butyric acid, 2
      methyl-indole-3-butyric acid and 1-carboxy-6-fluor-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazol,
      administered orally at doses up to 1000 mg/kg, had either only a slight or no
      hypoglycaemic effect at all in intact and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. The
      suppression of gluconeogenesis observed in vitro thus only has an appreciable
      effect on blood glucose in vivo when the capacity of the liver to synthetize
      glucose is reduced. In normal rats indole-3-propionic acid and indole-3-butyric
      acid led to a deterioration of glucose tolerance following i.v. glucose loading
      and to a reduction of 14C-U-glucose oxidation. An increase in the concentration
      of serum free fatty acids (FFA) measured after treatment with indole-3-butyric
      acid and its 1- and 2-methylated derivatives was not--in accordance with a theory
      of an interference of the glucose and fatty acid utilization published in
      literature--considered to be the primary cause since the reduced formation of
      14CO2 from radioactive glucose is not normalized when the increased FFA content
      is reduced by an inhibitor of lipolysis (5-methyl-isoxazol-3-carboxylic acid)...

PMID- 1100054
TI  - [Spectral-analytical studies of the action of etifoxin on the human EEG].
AB  - Spectral analysis of EEG in healthy volunteers shows that Etifoxin, the
      hydrochloride of 6-chloro-4-methyl-4-phenyl-2-ethylamino-4H-3,1-benzoxazine (Hoe
      36,801), in an oral dosage of 100 mg has a differential effect in function of the
      individual alpha organization. This differential effect appearing in the course
      of the quantitative evaluation can be interpreted, from a morphological point of
      view, as an expression of various partial phases and patterns of a process
      leading to reduced vigilance.

PMID- 1100055
TI  - The favourable effect of adding a catalase to the treatment of syndromes due to
      intervertebral disc degenerations.
AB  - Over a period of one year, 648 patients suffering from 4 different but very
      resistant syndromes due to intervertebral disc degenerations of the cervical and
      lumbosacral spine were treated in an identical way, but 50% of them received also
      catalase (Optidase?) injections. Half of each group were males and half of them
      females, the age being 30--50 years. Catalase accelerates the recovery already
      within the first 3 weeks and the final results after 24 weeks are still
      significant. In addition, the study of the ischial syndrome was extended to a
      group of 1208 patients over a period of 5 years, confirming again the favourable
      effect of catalase. Catalase is generally well tolerated; dangerous reactions
      have not been noticed.

PMID- 1100056
TI  - [Gynecological, hematological and metabolic studies during therapy with an
      estrogen-gestagen combination preparation].
AB  - Twenty women after menopause were submitted to substitution treatment with a
      biphasic hormone combination (Cyclacur?). Nine of these had undergone
      hysterectomy + ovarectomy. Through 11 days each of the women was administered a
      daily dose of 2 mg estradiol-valerianate as estrogen. Subsequently, for another
      10 days each was given the identical dose of estrogen plus 0.5 mg DL-norgestrel
      as gestagen. Upon this followed an intermission of 7 days without any medication.
      After 1 cycle of placebo, 7 cycles of medication were followed by 1 cycle of
      placebo again with regular controls. Climacteric signs and symptoms were
      eliminated entirely. In those women without hysterectomy withdrawal-menorrhagia
      occurred promptly 2--3 days after discontinuing medication. During the entire
      period of investigation there was no significant change in serum lipids, blood
      sugar values, or serum enzyme tests used as parameter of hepatic function. As far
      as hematology is concerned there was a moderate rise of hematocrit. No change of
      serum protein-bound iodine was observed.

PMID- 1100057
TI  - Treatment of climacteric complaints with oestriol.
AB  - 150 women with serious climacteric complaints were continuously treated from
      January, 1970, up to April, 1972, with Ovestin?, an orally effective preparation
      containing 1 mg of oestriol per tablet. After one month of treatment subjective
      complaints were already considerably improved. Oestrogenic activity was markedly
      increased, according to vaginal smears and total gonadotrophin excretion in the
      urine. Its high tolerance and beneficial therapeutic effect make Ovestin the
      preparation of choice in the treatment of the climacteric syndrome.

PMID- 1100058
TI  - Proceedings: New methods to determine tissue circulation by photometrically
      measured indicator clearance curves in reflected light.

PMID- 1100060
TI  - Proceedings: Application of the dye-dilution technique for determination of
      cerebral blood flow.

PMID- 1100059
TI  - Proceedings: Local heat clearance for measuring blood flow quantitatively.

PMID- 1100061
TI  - Proceedings: Local blood flow measured by tissue sampling techniques using
      diffusible indicators.

PMID- 1100062
TI  - Proceedings: Short-lasting changes in myocardial blood flow measured with locally
      injected 133Xe.

PMID- 1100063
TI  - Proceedings: Problems of measuring regional blood flow with tracer particles.

PMID- 1100064
TI  - ASHA in retrospect. Fiftieth anniversary reflections.

PMID- 1100065
TI  - [In Memoriam: Dolores M. Pinero].

PMID- 1100066
TI  - [Dr. Hugo Vaccaro Cosovich (1902-1975)].

PMID- 1100067
TI  - [Surgical correction of Fallot's tetralogy].

PMID- 1100068
TI  - Letter: A plague of plaque.

PMID- 1100069
TI  - Unusual dental conditions in archaeological material. (1). Abscess or cyst of
      unknown origin.

PMID- 1100070
TI  - Directory of schools.

PMID- 1100072
TI  - Letter: Laboratory errors in porcelain crowns.

PMID- 1100071
TI  - The British Dental Association.

PMID- 1100073
TI  - Performance characteristics of air turbine handpieces.

PMID- 1100074
TI  - Claude Gray Colyer, O.B.E., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., L.D.S.

PMID- 1100075
TI  - Clinical aspects of composite restorative materials.

PMID- 1100076
TI  - Frank Lloyd Southam, L.D.S.

PMID- 1100077
TI  - Thomas Glyn Noel Williams, B.D.S., L.D.S., D. Orth.

PMID- 1100078
TI  - Letter: Laboratory errors in porcelain crowns.

PMID- 1100079
TI  - The toothbrush application of chlorhexidine. A clinical trial.

PMID- 1100080
TI  - Ida Crampton, L.D.S.

PMID- 1100082
TI  - Haemodynamic effects of pulmonary ventilation.

PMID- 1100083
TI  - A controlled trial of chlormethiazole and chlordiazepoxide in the treatment of
      the acute withdrawal phase of alcoholism.

PMID- 1100084
TI  - Danthron/poloxalkol and placebo in puerperal constipation.

PMID- 1100085
TI  - Amoxycillin in the treatment of respiratory tract infection in children.

PMID- 1100086
TI  - Tolmetin: an evaluation of a new preparation in the treatment of rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 1100087
TI  - Proceedings: Maintenance of human tumours in immune deficient mice.

PMID- 1100088
TI  - A preliminary report on the effects of methanol extraction residue of BCG (MER)
      on cancer patients.
AB  - Twenty-seven patients with malignant neoplasia were injected intradermally with
      the methanol extraction residue (MER) fraction of tubercle bacilli. Two schedules
      of treatment were used: every other week and once a month; 1-10 courses of MER
      were administered to the patients. The skin reactivity to 3 recall antigens, as
      well as to the injected MER itself, was used to monitor the immune response.
      Improvement of skin reactivity occurred in 9 of 18 patients tested with recall
      antigens. Five of 6 patients treated every other week improved in their immune
      capacity whereas only 4 of 12 patients improved on the monthly schedule. Thus,
      repeated injections given every other week were more effective in increasing the
      cutaneous reactivity than monthly injections of MER. The side-effects of MER
      treatment were tolerable.

PMID- 1100089
TI  - Historical evidence for the genetic heterogeneity of pseudoxanthoma elasticum.
AB  - Re-examination of published data from affected families with pseudoxanthoma
      elasticum (PXE) described in the literature between 1896 and 1968 supported the
      concept of clinical and genetic heterogeneity. There was clinical evidence for
      two autosomal dominant and one recessive type, although only a single patient
      with recessive type II was described. Examination of the individual pedigrees
      supported both autosomal dominant and recessive patterns of inheritance. The
      pooled genetic data were less helpful because they were so highly selected. (They
      had been reported in the literature.) Even so the dominant type II data fitted
      the hypothesis, whilst the type I and recessive groups were near the expected
      values. The clinical properties of the groups corresponded closely to the recent
      British (Pope, 1973) survey. In general, the dominant type I group showed
      classical cutaneous changes, vascular complications were common and the chief
      ophthalmic complication was a severe choroidoretinitis. The dominant type II
      group, in contrast, has an atypical macular rash, or sometimes no rash at all, no
      vascular complications and very mild retinal changes. Choroidoretinitis was rare
      and peau d'orange patterns and prominent choroidal vessels common. The recessive
      group was of intermediate severity.

PMID- 1100090
TI  - Erythropoietic protoprophyria--submicroscopic events during the acute
      photosensitivity flare.
AB  - The immediate response of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) skin to long-wave
      ultraviolet radiation (UVR) was studied with the electron microscope. The main
      finding was severe vascular injury. This was confined to the superficial vessels
      of the dermis and consisted of endothelial cell degeneration and a pronounced
      leakage of vascular contents. In contrast, the epidermis showed no abnormalities.
      Short-wave UV irradiation of EPP skin resulted in epidermal changes typical for
      the usual sunburn reaction and spared the dermal blood vessels. The following
      conclusions are drawn: (i) Endothelial cells are the primary cellular target for
      the photodynamic reaction in EPP. (ii) The fibrillar material, characteristic for
      chronic EPP lesions, originates from the vessels and vascular contents. (iii) The
      multilayered basement membranes observed in such lesions reflect multiple
      consecutive reparative processes that follow endothelial injuries.

PMID- 1100091
TI  - Hair II Racial and other genetic variations in hair form.

PMID- 1100092
TI  - Reactions to aspirin and food additives in patients with chronic urticaria,
      including the physical urticarias.
AB  - In 131 patients with chronic urticaria, including physical urticarias, oral
      provocation tests were done with aspirin. A total of thirty-one patients showed a
      reaction on aspirin challenge. Reactions were seen in 35% of patients with
      idiopathic urticaria, 52% of patients with cholinergic urticaria, and 43% of
      those with pressure urticaria. The patients with reactions to aspirin were also
      tested with tartrazine, sodium benzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, sodium- and
      phenyl salicylate and the analgesics indomethacin, paracetamol and mefanamic
      acid. In nineteen of twenty three aspirin sensitive patients, positive reactions
      to one or more of these substances were observed. Indomethacin and tartrazine had
      the highest scores. There was no statistically significant correlation between
      aspirin reactions and the presence of nasal polyposis, sinusitis, asthma or
      atopy.

PMID- 1100093
TI  - One hundred twin pairs patch tested with primary irritants.
AB  - The cutaneous sensitivity to benzalkonium chloride, sodium lauryl sulphate and
      potash soap was determined in 54 monozygotic and 46 dizygotic twin pairs.
      Comparing the intra-pair reaction strength a higher degree of concordance was
      found among monozygotic than among dizygotic twins, and even more so when
      monozygotic twins were compared with matched controls.

PMID- 1100094
TI  - Puritus vulvae: treatment by multiple intradermal alcohol injections.
AB  - A Preliminary report is presented on the use of multiple intradermal injections
      of absolute alcohol in the treatment of intractable pruritus vulvae. Twenty-five
      patients were followed up for over I year, and of these six (24%) were cured, and
      thirteen (52%) showed marked symptomatic improvement.

PMID- 1100095
TI  - Simplified dithranol treatment for psoriasis.
AB  - Progressive simplification of dithranol therapy has made treatment at home more
      acceptable. This has included ommitting ultra-violet light, talc and dressings,
      and substituting an ordinary bath instead of one containing tar. A stiffened
      dithranol 0.5% ointment was found to be slightly more effective than the best
      paste hitherto employed. It was also very much easier to use.

PMID- 1100096
TI  - The absorption of hexachlorophane from Ultralanum ointment.
AB  - The application of Ultralanum ointment to adult skin cases has produced levels of
      hexachlorophane in the plasma comparable with those found in infants who have
      undergone whole-body washing with hexachlorophane solutions. Clinical evidence of
      toxicity was not observed, but it is felt that the value of hexachlorophane in
      topical steroid preparations should be re-appraised, particularly for long-term
      treatment of large eczematous areas.

PMID- 1100097
TI  - Effect of pindolol on intraocular pressure.
AB  - Pindolol, a strong beta-adrenergic blocking agent, instilled into the
      conjunctival sac of normal and glaucomatous eyes, produced a significant drop in
      intraocular pressure. This was not, at first, accompanied by any variation in
      outflow facility; only after prolonged treatment did an increase in facility
      appear, which accounted only for one-third of the tension-lowering effect. The
      drug was well tolerated, and did not affect either pupil motility or corneal
      sensitivity. It seems suitable for a trial use in the treatment of glaucoma.

PMID- 1100098
TI  - 1H nuclear magnetic resonance of modified bases of valine transfer ribonucleic
      acid (Escherichia coli). A direct monitor of sequential thermal unfolding.
AB  - Proton magnetic resonances at 220 MHz from three nucleotide residues of valine I
      tRNA (Escherichia coli) serve as intrinsic probes of local molecular structure.
      Resonances from the methyl group of ribothymidine, the methyl group of N6
      methyladenosine, and the C-5 methylene of dihydrouridine monitor separate
      conformational transitions in the TpsiC, anticodon, and dihydrouridine loops,
      respectively. As the temperature is raised in a solution containing 0.23 M Na+
      and no Mg2+, the dihydrouridine region melts with a Tm of 55 degrees, the
      anticodon region at 58 degrees, and the TpsiC region at 67 degrees. The
      dihydrouridine nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) transition correlates with the
      major change in absorbance monitored in the uv at 330 nm which is ascribed to
      structural pertubations near the 4-thiouracil moiety. On the NMR time scale slow
      exchange is seen throughout the temperature range for dihydrouridine and below
      the apparent Tm for the ribothymidine methyl group. Chemical shift and line width
      differences between folded and unfolded forms of the polynucleotide indicate
      that, in the native structure, ribothymidine is in a highly structured region and
      N6-methyladenosine is in a somewhat less restricted environment. Narrow line
      widths for the C-5 methylene triplet are found over the whole temperature range
      indicating that this base is undergoing rapid internal reorientation relative to
      the overall macromolecule.

PMID- 1100099
TI  - Fluorescence detected circular dichroism study of the anticodon loop of yeast
      tRNAPhe.
AB  - Fluorescence detected circular dichroism (FDCD) measurements have been used to
      study the conformations of the anticodon loop of yeast phenylalanine tRNA. To our
      knowledge this is the first application of fluorescence detected circular
      dichroism. Much smaller amounts of tRNA are needed for the measurement of FDCD
      than for the conventionally measured circular dichroism. Furthermore, FDCD is
      specific for conformational changes near the anticodon loop. The FDCD
      measurements suggest a transition in the anticodon loop near 20 degrees in 0.01 M
      MgCl2-0.1 M NaCl (pH 7). This is followed by a broad transition from 30 to 60
      degrees and finally a sharp melting at 75 degrees consistent with the absorbance
      detected melting of the entire tRNA. Removal of Mg2+ from the tRNA at 1 degrees
      causes nearly a factor of two decrease in the FDCD near 230 nm. This indicates a
      decrease in conformational rigidity in the anticodon loop on removal of Mg2+.

PMID- 1100100
TI  - Interaction of actin with N-ethylmaleimide modified heavy meromyosin in the
      presence and absence of adenosine triphosphate.
AB  - N-Ethylmaleimide modified heavy meromyosin in only 3-fold activated by actin
      rather than 200-fold as is normal heavy meromyosin  (Silverman, R., Eisenberg,
      E., and Kielley, W. W. (1972), Nature (London) 240, 207). Ultracentrifuge studies
      demonstrated that in the absence of ATP the N-ethylmaleimide modified heavy
      meromyosin binds to actin at a ratio of 2 actins to 1 N-ethylmaleimide modified
      heavy meromyosin. However, it was found that most of the N-ethylmaleimide
      modified heavy meromyosin was not bound to actin during ATP hydrolysis.
      Ultracentrifuge studies demonstrated that in the presence of 25 or 50 mM KCl
      under conditions where the ATPase is maximally activated by actin, less than 5%
      of the N-ethylmaleimide modified heavy meromyosin was bound to actin. In the
      absence of KCl there was limited binding but even this binding did not appear to
      correlate with the N-ethylmaleimide modified heavy meromyosin ATPase rate.
      Turbidity and viscosity studies also indicated that in the presence of ATP under
      conditions of maximal actin activation the N-ethylmaleimide modified heavy
      meromyosin and actin are almost completely dissociated, whereas there is a marked
      increase in turbidity and viscosity after all of the ATP is hydrolyzed. These
      results suggest that in the presence of ATP and actin N-ethylmaleimide modified
      heavy meromyosin exists most of the time in a refractory state unable to bind to
      actin and only a small part of the time in a nonrefractory state which can
      interact with actin. It follows that the major rate-limiting step during actin
      activation is the transition from the refractory to the nonrefractory state.
      Since the actin activation of N-ethylmaleimide modified heavy meromyosin is lower
      than that of normal heavy meromyosin this transition may be slower for N
      ethylmaleimide modified heavy meromyosin than for normal heavy meromyosin.

PMID- 1100101
TI  - Reversible inactivation of vectorial phosphorylation by hydroxybutynoate in
      Escherichia coli membrane vesicles.
AB  - The acetylenic hydroxy acid 2-hydroxy-3-butynoate causes irreversible
      inactivation of the Escherichia coli membrane-bound flavoenzyme D-lactic
      dehyrogenase, and thus blocks D-lactate dependent active transport in isolated
      membrane vesicles [Walsh, C. T., Abeles, R. H., and Kaback H. R. (1972), J. Biol.
      Chem. 247, 7858]. The inactivator is a suicide substrate for the dehydrogenase,
      undergoing a small number of turnovers before partitioning between oxidation and
      inactiviation. It is now demonstrated that reactive product molecules of 2-keto-3
      butynoate can diffuse in the membranes to a component of the phosphotransferase
      system and cause time-dependent and covalent inactivation of phosphoenolpyruvate
      dependent hexose uptake. Membrane vesicles from double mutants with low levels of
      both D- and L-lactic dehydrogenase lose only 30 percent of their hexose uptake
      capacity on exposure to hydroxybutynoate under conditions sufficient to fully
      inactivate hexose transport in wild type vesicles. Transport of 1
      [14C]hydroxybutynoate into vesicles is followed by rapid covalent labeling of
      membrane proteins by the reactive, enzymatically generating keto acid oxidation
      product. Incubation of hydroxybutynoate-inactivated vesicles (5% residual
      activity) for 20 min in buffer with 10 mM dithiothreitol results in reactivation
      of 63% of the hexose transport activity, a 12-fold increase in activity. No
      reactivation occurs if the vesicular phosphotransferase system is inactivated by
      keto acid derived from membrane oxidation of the olefinic congener 2-hydroxy-3
      butenoate. In contrast to thiol reactivation of acetylenic-blocked glucose
      transport, blockage of D-lactate-stimulated proline uptake is not alleviated,
      stressing different modes of inactivation of the phosphotransferase system
      compared to the membranous lactate dehydrogenases.

PMID- 1100102
TI  - Limited trypsinolysis of native Escherichia coli elongation factor G.
AB  - Native elongation factor G possesses three peptide bonds or limited regions of
      the molecule which are especially sensitive to trypsinolysis. Cleavage at these
      sites occurs in sequence. Initially, the protein, a single peptide chain of
      74,000 daltons, is rapidly split into a fragment of 71,000 daltons and one or
      more small peptides totaling 3000 daltons. This initial scission does not alter
      the gross three-dimentional structure of the protein, as the native and trypsin
      cleaved protein have the same Kd on Sephadex gel filtration. Although cleaved,
      the modified elongation factor G retains full activity as measured by its ability
      to form complexes with the ribosome and guanine nucleotides. A single peptide
      bond (or region) in the 71,000-dalton fragment is then completely cleaved,
      yielding fragments of 47,000 and 29,000 daltons. These fragments do not remain
      associated under native conditions, as they are clearly resolved on gel
      filtration. Loss of activity is concomitant with the scission of the 71,000
      dalton fragment. The third cleavage is complete under the conditions employed
      here and occurs in the 47,000-dalton peptide generating a fragment of 45,000
      daltons and one or more small peptides totaling 2000 daltons. Prolonged treatment
      with higher levels of trypsin ultimately reduces the protein to small peptides
      but without generating further discrete fragments visible on sodium dodecyl
      sulfate gel electrophoresis.

PMID- 1100103
TI  - Raman spectra and structure of yeast phenylalanine transfer RNA in the
      crystalline state and in solution.
AB  - Laser Raman spectra of yeast phenylalanine transfer RNA have been obtained in
      solution and in orthorhombic and hexagonal crystals. So far as one can tell from
      the spectra, which are identical in the two crystal forms, the molecular
      structure of the tRNA is not altered by differences in molecular packing in these
      two unit cells. In addition, the spectra of the two crystal forms show the same
      characteristic Raman frequencies and intensities as those of the tRNA in aqueous
      solution. Thus the structure of the tRNA molecule appears to be the same in the
      crystals and in aqueous solution. From the spectroscopic changes that result when
      Mg2+ ions are removed from the native tRNA, it is concluded that the removal of
      Mg2+ produces a partial disordering of the ribophosphate backbone of the molecule
      and a lowering of its melting temperature. The melting is shown to be a complex
      process in that the vibrations specific for adenine indicate a slightly lower
      melting temperature and those specific for guanine a slightly higher melting
      temperature than that of the ribophosphate backbone.

PMID- 1100104
TI  - Escherichia coli stringent factor binds to ribosomes at a site different from
      that of elongation factor Tu or G.
AB  - The binding of Escherichia coli stringent factor to ribosomes has been studied;
      the reaction depends on 50S and 30S ribosomal subunits and poly(U) as messenger
      RNA. The ribosome-stringent factor complex is formed at 5-10 mM magnesium
      acetate; NH4 ions are inhibitory. Binding of the stringent factor to the 70S-mRNA
      complex is not stimulated by uncharged tRNA. The ribosomal binding site(s) for
      the stringent factor does not overlap with the one known for the elongation
      factor Tu (EF-Tu) or G (EF-G). Ribosomes carrying either EF-Tu or EF-G are active
      in binding the stringent factor; however, they are inactive in synthesizing
      guanosine 5'-triphosphate 3'-diphosphate (pppGpp) and guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'
      diphosphate (ppGpp). The latter result is due to the blockage of the ribosomal
      acceptor site by the aminoacyl-tRNA and/or elongation factors. That stringent and
      elongation factors do not compete for identical ribosomal region(s) is supported
      by: (1) the reverse experiments where ribosomes charged with the stringent factor
      are fully active in EF-Tu or EF-G dependent functions; (2) ribosomes that lack
      the two ribosomal proteins L7 and L12 known to be essential for EF-Tu and EF-G
      functions bind the stringent factor and are active in synthesizing pppGpp and
      ppGpp.

PMID- 1100105
TI  - Cobalt(III) labeled aspartokinase-homoserine dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The kinase activity of the threonine-sensitive aspartokinase-homoserine
      dehydrogenase enzyme complex of Escherichia coli was selectively inactivated by
      Co(III) incorporation. Incubation of the enzyme with Co(II) in the presence of
      oxygen or H2O2 resulted in incorporation of one Co(III) per subunit. The
      cobalt(III) bound to the enzyme was not removable by dialysis and presumably
      results from formation of "inert" coordination complexes with ligands contributed
      by the enzyme. Cobalt was released from the enzyme by incubation with
      dithiothreitol but not by metal chelating agents. The Co(III)-labeled enzyme was
      aspartokinase inactive but still retained 60% of its original homoserine
      dehydrogenase activity. Studies of the time course of inactivation showed
      aspartokinase inactivation paralleled Co(III) incorporation. The residual
      dehydrogenase activity of aspartokinase inactive enzyme was still inhibited by
      threonine Thus, Co(III) incorporation seems to result in a specific inactivation
      of kinase activity which permits enumeration of the number of aspartokinase
      sites. Limited alpha-chymotrypsin digestion of Co(III)-enzyme produced homoserine
      dehydrogenase-active fragments devoid of Co(III), further confirming the
      specificity of the labeling procedure. Aspartokinase inactivation obtained
      without concomitant desensitization of homoserine dehydrogenase to threonine
      inhibition suggests that kinase active site integrity is not required for
      threonine binding and inhibition of homoserine dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1100106
TI  - Fragments of bovine serum albumin produced by limited proteolysis. Isolation and
      characterization of peptic fragments.
AB  - Five new fragments of bovine serum albumin have been isolated following limited
      peptic hydrolysis. These fragments, and the two peptic fragments previously
      described by King (King, T.P. (1973), Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 156, 509), were
      positioned within the albumin sequence published by Brown (Brown, J.R. (1975),
      Fed. Proc., Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 34, 591) on the basis of molecular weight,
      amino acid composition, and amino- and carboxyl-terminal sequences. The fragments
      correspond to residues 1-385, 1-306, 307-581, 49-185, 186-306, 307-385, and 353
      503 in the albumin sequence. These peptides are likely to be native in structure
      since disulfide bonds were not cleaved during their preparation. In each case the
      amino acid composition and terminal sequences have confirmed the bovine serum
      albumin sequence and disulfide bridging pattern proposed by Brown, and the offer
      further proof that bovine albumin is composed of a series of nine independent
      loops. These fragments should be useful in elucidating the structure-function
      relationships of albumin.

PMID- 1100107
TI  - DNA-binding chromosomal non-histone proteins. Isolation, characterization, and
      tissue specifity.
AB  - A fractionation schedule is described which allows the isolation of a group of
      chromosomal non-histone proteins (NP) with affinity for DNA. In polyacrylamide
      gel electrophoresis these proteins isolated from rat liver are represented
      principally by a group of low molecular weight polypeptides. The NP fraction
      comprises about 2-4% of the total chromatin protein content in rat liver or
      Novikoff hepatoma. Experiments in vivo and in vitro revealed that the NP proteins
      do not incorporate significant amounts of 32P. Complexes of the chromosomal
      proteins NP with homologous DNA are immunologically tissue specific and the
      specificity can be transferred by reconstituting the NP proteins from one tissue
      to the residual chromatin from another.

PMID- 1100108
TI  - Phospholipid metabolism of stimulated lymphocytes. Composition of phospholipid
      fatty acids.
AB  - Lymph node lymphocytes and thymocytes from different species were isolated.
      Rabbit and calf thymocytes were stimulated in vitro with concanavalin A.
      Phospholipid fatty acids of these cells were analyzed and their positional
      distribution was determined. When compared with liver, phosphatidylcholine of
      unstimulated lymphocytes was found to contain relatively high amounts of palmitic
      acid in position 2 and oleic acid in position 1. After stimulation of rabbit
      thymus cells, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and
      arachidonic acid) increased. Thus the ratio of polyenoic acids (18:2 + 20:4) to
      saturated fatty acids was doubled when compared to control cells. Similar results
      were obtained after in vivo stimualtion with Mycobacterium Calmette Guerin. The
      correlation of these findings with the activation of acyl-CoA:lysolecithin
      acyltransferase, and their relevance for changes of membrane fluidity during
      lymphocyte stimulation is discussed.

PMID- 1100109
TI  - Formation of lipid-bound oligosaccharides in yeast.
AB  - Incubation of a membrane fraction from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with UDP-N-acetyl
      [14C]glucosamine catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine to an endogenous
      lipid fraction as well as a methanol-insoluble polymer. The glycolipid was shown
      to separate into three compounds by thin-layer chromatography. The biosynthesis
      of two of them could clearly be stimuated by the addition of dolichol
      monophosphate to the incubation mixture. Evidence is presented that the
      substances are dolichol pyrophosphate derivatives: dolichol pyrophosphate N
      acetylglucosamine and dolichol pyrophosphate di-N-acetylchitobiose. The formation
      of the chitobiose-containing lipid was increased by reincubation of the
      glycolipid with non-radioactive UDP-N-acetylglucosamine. The same particulate
      preparation transferred mannose from GDPmannose to dolichol pyrophosphate di-N
      acetylchitobiose, giving rise to a lipid-bound oligosaccharide. Molecular weight
      determination of the oligosaccharide moiety gave a value of 780, which is
      consistent with a tetrasaccharide containing two mannose subunits attached to di
      N-acetylchitobiose. The methanol-insoluble radioactive product obtained in the
      presence of UDP-N-acetyl[14C]glucosamine was transformed by pronase treatment to
      a large extent into dialyzable material. It is suggested that the glycolipids
      described serve as intermediates in the glycosylation of yeast mannoproteins.

PMID- 1100110
TI  - Inhibition of thiamine transport in anaerobic baker's yeast by iodoacetate, 2,4
      dinitrophenol N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and fatty acids.
AB  - 1. [14C]Thiamine uptake by baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was strongly
      inhibited by 0.2 mM iodoacetate, 0.2 mM 2,4-dinitrophenol and 0.1 mM N,N'
      dicyclohexylcarbodiimide under anaerobic conditions. 2. The inhibition of
      anaerobic [14C]thiamine uptake by these inhibitors was accompanied by almost
      parallel decreases in the ATP level of the yeast cells. 3. On the other hand, the
      short-chain fatty acids inhibited [14C]thiamine uptake to a large extent, without
      greatly affecting the intracellular ATP level. This suggests that the acids
      primarily block the use of energy from ATP for the transport rather than the
      fermentation process. 4. Caproate, which has a most pronounced inhibitory effect
      on [14C]thiamine uptake, significantly prevented the dissipation of an energized
      membrane state of yeast cells necessary for the active transport of thiamine. 5.
      Possible ways in which the inhibitors may affect thiamine uptake were discussed.

PMID- 1100111
TI  - The effects of D- and L-glyceraldehyde on glucose oxidation, insulin secretion
      and insulin biosynthesis by pancreatic islets of the rat.
AB  - D-glyceraldehyde stimulated insulin secretion from isolated rat pancreatic islets
      in static incubation and perifusion systems. At low concentrations (2-4 mM) D
      glyceraldehyde was a more potent secretagogue than glucose. The insulinotropic
      action of 15 mM D-glyceraldehyde was not affected by D-mannoheptulose, was
      potentiated by cytochalasin B (5 mug/ml) and theophylline (4 mM), and was
      inhibited by both adrenalin (2 muM) and somatostatin (10 mug/ml). D
      glyceraldehyde at a concentration of 1.5 mM produced a 10-fold increase of L-[4,5
      3H]leucine incorporation into proinsulin and insulin without a significant
      increase into other islet proteins. Glucose at 1.5 mM did not stimulate
      proinsulin biosynthesis. D-Glyceraldehyde at concentrations higher than 1.5 mM,
      in marked contrast to glucose, progressively inhibited incorporation of labelled
      leucine into proinsulin + insulin and other islet proteins. D-Glyceraldehyde also
      inhibited the oxidation of glucose. L-Glyceraldehyde did not stimulate proinsulin
      biosynthesis and had less effect than the D-isomer on insulin release and glucose
      oxidation. The results strongly suggest that metabolites below D-glyceraldehyde-3
      P are signals for insulin biosynthesis and release. Interaction of D
      glyceraldehyde with a "membrane receptor" cannot, however, be excluded with
      certainty.

PMID- 1100112
TI  - Glucosamine-labelled envelope proteins of Escherichia coli K-12. I.
      Electrophoretic studies and partial fractionation of phenol-soluble proteins.
AB  - Hydrophobic envelope proteins were extracted by phenol from a glucosamine- and
      leucine-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli K-12 (E-110). Three protein
      fractions labelled with D-[1-14C]glucosamine and L-[4,5-3H]leucine were obtained
      by electrophoretic separation. Envelopes were isolated from cells labelled with D
      [1-14C]glucosamine--HCL and acid hydrolyzed. At least 68% of the radioactivity
      was recovered as glucosamine and glucose with no random distribution of label.
      Fingerprinting of pronase digests of glucosamine-labelled proteins showed four
      radioactive spots associated with peptides. The glycoproteins were pronase- and
      trypsin-sensitive and had apparent molecular weights of 11 000 (fast mobility),
      35 000 (intermediate mobility) and 62 000 (slow mobility) as estimated by sodium
      dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis. The two heavier fractions
      were labelled with meso-diamino[1,7-14C2]pimelic acid, while orth[32P]phosphate
      was not incorporated into any fraction. The glucosamine radioactivity of the fast
      fraction underwent rapid changes upon a chase with non-radioactive glucosamine.
      Using a Sephadex LH-20 column, the radioactive proteins were separated from the
      phenol and subsequently fractionated on a DEAE-cellulose column. The DEAE
      cellulose fractions were distinct from each other in the number and composition
      of protein bands, when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide disc
      electrophoresis. Radioactive bands with intermediate and fast electrophoretic
      mobilities were found in separate DEAE-cellulose fractions.

PMID- 1100113
TI  - Glucosamine-labelled envelope proteins of Escherichia coli K-12. II. Location in
      inner and outer membranes.
AB  - Outer and inner membranes were prepared from a culture of a glucosamine- and
      leucine-requiring mutant of Escherichia coli K-12, which was grown on L-[4,5
      (3)H2]leucine and D-[1-(14)C]glucosamine and "chased" with unlabelled medium.
      Phenol-soluble glycoproteins were obtained from these membranes after
      phospholipid extraction. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-disc electrophoresis of the outer
      membrane glycoproteins separated two components which were labelled with both
      isotopes and had a fast (F) and intermediate (I) migration. Dodecyl sulfate
      electrophoresis of the inner-membrane glycoproteins showed that only the F band
      incorporated both 14C and 3H labels. The 3H to 14C ratio in the F band from the
      outer membrane was completely different from the isotopic ratio in the F band
      from the inner membrane, indicating that these components were not identical
      despite their similar molecular weights. The F bands from both membranes lost
      their label during the chase with unlabelled medium, while the I band remained
      relatively stable. Chloroform-soluble 14C label extracted from the outer membrane
      decreased during the chase. In contrast, the chloroform-soluble 14C from the
      inner membrane, accumulated during the chase.

PMID- 1100114
TI  - Effect of activated nitrofurans on DNA.
AB  - Enzymically activated nitrofurazone reacts with co-valently closed circular DNA
      (derived from Escherichia coli minicells carrying lambdadv) to give at least two
      kinds of damage: breaks which are detected on neutral sucrose gradients and
      alkali-labile lesions in DNA which are converted to breaks when the DNA is
      subsequently Treated with alkali. DNA, isolated from nimicells exposed to the
      drug, also contains lesions which are converted to breaks upon treatment with
      endonuclease preparations obtained from Micrococcus luteus. Minicells repaired
      both breaks and nuclease-susceptible lesions within 2 h but did not repair alkali
      labile lesions within that time. Experiments with three other nitrofurans show
      that there are considerable differences in the degree to which DNA is damaged by
      activated metabolites of various derivatives and that the potency of the
      compounds as mutagens and carcinogens is correlated with the amount of damage
      caused to minicell DNA.

PMID- 1100115
TI  - Temperature and salt effects on the formation of preinitiation complexes between
      RNA polymerase and phage DNA.
AB  - The influence of temperature and KCl concentration on the formation of rifampicin
      resistant preinitiation complexes by holo RNA polymerase has been compared for T4
      DNA and Azotobacter phage A21 DNA. The sharp transition with respect to
      temperature between an inactive complex of polymerase and DNA and a preinitiation
      complex reflects an equilibrium between the two complexes, the position of which
      depends on the temperature and the salt concentration. The transition is shifted
      to higher temperatures by increasing the KCl concentration. The position of this
      transition is characteristically different for T4 and A21 DNA. The midpoint for
      A21 DNA is about 15 degrees C above that for T4 at 0.006 M KCl. At 0.15 M KCl the
      transition for A21 DNA cannot be observed below 37 degrees C. This difference is
      responsible for the apparent inhibition of a21 dna transcription by KCl and for
      the low template activity of A21 DNA under the conditions of the standard assay.
      Both holo and core RNA polymerases are able to form complexes with A21 DNA that
      are resistant to attack by rifampicin. The second-order rate constant for the
      inactivation  of the complex with the core enxyme is three times greater than
      that for the complex with the holoenzyme.

PMID- 1100116
TI  - Identification of a modified nucleoside in Escherichia coli tRNA1Ser as 2'-O
      methylcytidine.

PMID- 1100117
TI  - Ribosome run through of the termination codon in the absence of the ribosome
      releasing factor.
AB  - The ribosome releasing factor (RR factor) which releases ribosomes from mRNA at
      the termination codon has been examined for its effects on the amino acid
      incorporation programmed by wild type R17 Phage RNA and amB2 R17 RNA. When RR
      factor was added at the beginning of the incorporation, there was no effect on
      the initial rate of incorporation but it reduced the final level of
      incorporation. The reduction of the final level of incorporation was more
      pronounced for histidine incorporation than for valine incorporation suggesting
      that the translation of the RNA polymerase cistron was more influenced by RR
      factor. These experiments were carried out under conditions where no reinitiation
      of protein synthesis occurred. In the presence of RR factor, suppressor tRNA
      functioned better for the incorporation of amino acids into proteins with amB2
      R17 RNA than did wild type tRNA. No such differential effect of suppressor tRNA
      was observed in the absence of RR factor. This suggests that the ribosome has to
      be released from mRNA by RR factor in order for the amber mutation to be
      effective.

PMID- 1100118
TI  - DNA synthesis in vitro in lysates of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A system using crude lysates of Escherichia coli PolA- for in vitro synthesis of
      DNA has properties similar to those described previously for washed DNA -
      membrane complexes, i.e. short-lived synthesis of DNA, 2-3-fold stimulation by
      ATP, semiconservative form of synthesis, and most of the product in the size
      distribution of Okazaki fragments. The proximate substrate is shown to be the
      deoxynucleoside triphosphate. The lysate system can be fractionated into a
      particular membrane - DNA complex and a soluble portion, each of which is
      inactive by itself, but which upon mixing restores activity. The particulate
      fraction provides template as well as essential protein(s). The soluble fraction
      contains DNA polymerases II and III both of which are capable of the necessary
      polymerase function, and a factor that is required for the stimulation of DNA
      synthesis by ATP. The stimulatory activity can also be assayed by restoration of
      activity to an aged lysate, which has lost the ATP-dependent synthesis; the
      activity is not a kinase, and is not an ATP-dependent nuclease, at least of the
      type currently known. The ATP-dependent stimulatory factor has been partially
      purified but further purification or characterization of it has been limited by
      its extreme instability. Both the stimulatory factor and ATP are required for
      semiconservative synthesis in the lysate, and for synthesis of the short
      fragments. Similar to results in vivo and in permeable cells the new DNA appears
      to contain RNA, as judged by the evidence for RNA - DNA junctions from modified
      nearest neighbor experiments. However, the nucleotides at the RNA - DNA junctions
      in the lysate system are not specific, in contrast to results in permeabilized
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1100119
TI  - Wall mannan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metabolic stability and release into
      growth medium.
AB  - Selective labelling of cell wall mannan with radioactive precursors in growing
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed that this polysaccharide is metabolically stable
      during exponential growth. Mannan once inserted into the wall is not subject to
      turnover or release into the growth medium. However, about 10% of the amount of
      mannan incorporated into the cell wall fraction can be recovered in the non
      dialyzable material isolated from the growth medium. Therefore, the mannan
      escaping from the cell must be either a mannan de novo synthesized, not trapped
      in the growing wall structure, or a mannan with a non-structural role.
      Radioactivity was also retained in the wall fraction of cells pre-labelled with
      [14C] glucose which pointed to metabolic stability of all cell wall
      polysaccharides in growing S. cerevisiae.

PMID- 1100120
TI  - Levels and turnover of the proteinase B inhibitors in yeast.
AB  - The ratio of the proteinase B inhibitors IB1 and IB2 from baker's yeast was shown
      to depend on the yeast strain by specific immunoprecipitation from boiled yeast
      extract and subsequent electrophoresis of the heat-dissociated precipitates on
      polyacrylamide gels. Bothe IB1 and IB2 were found, IB2 being by far predominant.
      Saccharomyces carlsbergensis NCYC 74 contained IB1, whereas in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae X 2180 only IB2 was present. When cells of the latter strain were
      labelled with [14C] leucine from the beginning of growth and pulsed with [3H]
      leucine during the stationary phase, no short-lived IB1 could be detected.
      However, the peak of IB2 resolved on the gel showed an increased 3H/14C ratio in
      comparison to the majority of the other cellular proteins. The increased 3H/14C
      ratio was found to be the result of catabolite repression of inhibitor synthesis
      during exponential growth: cells growing on glucose as carbon source contain high
      inhibitor levels only during the stationary phase of growth, whereas during
      growth on acetate high amounts of inhibitor are present even in exponentially
      growing cells. During the stationary phase of growth the inhibitor is degraded
      with the same half-life as the total cellular proteins (about 50 h).

PMID- 1100121
TI  - The use of computed activity coefficients in Raoult's reference system, for n
      alcohol/water mixtures, and their application to the study of proteins.
AB  - Activity coefficients of alcohols in Raoult's reference system have been
      calculated. Using data from papers dealing with transition temperatures in the
      presence of n-alcohols, lipase deactivation and competitive inhibition by n
      alcohols of pepsin and alpha-chymotrypsin, it is shown that the conversion of
      concentrations into activities (using Pierotti's equation) profoundly affects the
      original data. Within experimental error, if inhibition constants by alcohols
      keep the same value, lupase deactivation becomes independent of the length of the
      alcohol chain, and except for butanol, transition temperature is no longer
      dependent on the number of methylene groups. Interpretations which take into
      account the thermodynamic reference system and final environment are related to
      the fact that alcohol molecules bind to some inner parts of the proteins.

PMID- 1100122
TI  - A novel electrophoretic fractionation of Escherichia coli envelopes.
AB  - Particulate fractions of Escherichia coli have been submitted to electrophoretic
      fractionation in a buffer stabilized by sucrose gradient. Inner membrane and
      outer membrane were readily resolved. A combination of electrophoresis,
      fractional centrifugation and gel filtration can remove remaining contamination
      by ribosomes and cytoplasm. The presence of particles containing no phospholipids
      was detected after differential centrifugation. The nature of this fraction is
      unknown. The inner membrane exhibited heterogeneity on electrophoresis.

PMID- 1100123
TI  - Inducible gluconate permease in a gluconate kinase-deficient mutant of
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Gluconate-resistant mutants were isolated from Escherichia coli strain DF 1070
      deficient in phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44) and in phosphogluconate
      dehydrogenase (EC 4.2.1.12) which is inhibited by gluconate. Among the resistant
      mutants, AR 13 has been identified as a gluconate kinase (EC 2.7.1.12)-deficient
      strain. This mutant exhibits an inducible gluconate transport system capable of
      concentrating gluconate in the cytoplasm against a concentration gradient. The
      accumulated gluconate is subject to permanent turnover, and is not chemically
      modified. The kinetics of induction and deinduction indicate a single inducible
      component, rate limiting for the transport function, and the distribution of
      transport capacity among non-induced progeny of induced parents indicates that
      the inducible protein is membrane bound.

PMID- 1100124
TI  - [An approach to automatic determination of the proteolytic activity of gastric
      juice under conditions of initial reaction rate].

PMID- 1100125
TI  - [Free fatty acids and metabolism of bilirubin].

PMID- 1100126
TI  - Heterogeneity of schizophrenia.
AB  - One of the difficulties in defining schizophrenia is the possibility of its
      heterogeneity. Schizophrenia may be divided into organic and idiopathic on the
      basis of precipitating factors; the difference between the two is supported by
      evidence from family studies and differences in symptomatology. A further
      division of idiopathic schizophrenia may be made into typical and atypical
      schizophrenia based on differences in clinical features, family history, mode of
      inheritance, and prognosis. There is suggestive evidence that within typical
      schizophrenia, paranoid and nonparanoid subtypes may be idstinguished due to
      clinical and family differences. Within nonparanoid schizophrenia, simple,
      catatonic, and hebephrenic schizophrenia may also prove to be distinct entities.
      The available evidence for differentiating the subtypes of typical schizophrenia
      is inconclusive to date. However, several recent developments in the methodology
      of family research may lead to more convincing findings for differentiating
      subtypes within typical schizophrenia.

PMID- 1100127
TI  - Venous occlusion plethysmography. Part 2: methods.

PMID- 1100128
TI  - The nature and origin of the soluble protein in human amniotic fluid.

PMID- 1100129
TI  - The mammalian urinary bladder: an accommodating organ.

PMID- 1100130
TI  - Sequential treatment assignment with balancing for prognostic factors in the
      controlled clinical trial.
AB  - In controlled clinical trials there are usually several prognostic factors known
      or thought to influence the patient's ability to respond to treatment. Therefore,
      the method of sequential treatment assignment needs to be designed so that
      treatment balance is simultaneously achieved across all such patients factor.
      Traditional methods of restricted randomization such as "permuted blocks within
      strata" prove inadequate once the number of strata, or combinations of factor
      levels, approaches the sample size. A new general procedure for treatment
      assignment is described which concentrates on minimizing imbalance in the
      distributions of treatment numbers within the levels of each individual
      prognostic factor. The improved treatment balance obtained by this approach is
      explored using simulation for a simple model of a clinical trial. Further
      discussion centers on the selection, predictability and practicability of such a
      procedure.

PMID- 1100131
TI  - Cost evaluation of a two-stage classification procedure.
AB  - A two-stage classification rule is suggested for classifying an individual into
      one of two multivariate normal populations. An individual may be classified using
      measurements on just the first subset; otherwise the second subset is measured
      and he is classified using the combined set. On the basis of misclassification
      costs and costs of collecting observations, the two-stage rule is compared with
      the usual rules based on the first subset and on the combined set. Comparisons
      are made for the case of known population parameters and also for the case of
      unknown population parameters which are estimated from samples. It is assumed
      throughout that a priori probabilities, cost of misclassification, and cost of
      making observation are known.

PMID- 1100132
TI  - A generalized modified-chi2 analysis of categorical bacteria survival data from a
      complex dilution experiment.
AB  - A well-known method of estimation for the density of bacteria in a sample
      solution is the most probable number (MPN) procedure. This paper considers the
      change in density through time of bacteria populations which are undergoing
      extinction. The MPN with its estimated variance for a fixed time point is a basic
      module of these investigations and is treated as a general implicit function of
      the cell proportions in linear categorical data analysis. These quantities are
      then used to fit exponential decay models over time by weighted least squares.
      When such models are supported by the data, comparisons of decay rates between
      populations under possibly different experimental conditions can be undertaken.
      This methodology is illustrated with an example pertaining to the survival
      experience of Leptospira autumnalis.

PMID- 1100133
TI  - Analysis of data from multiclinic experiments.
AB  - The analysis of data from multiclinic experiments is put in the framework of a
      mixed model in which the treatment effects are assumed to be fixed, and clinic
      and clinic by treatment effects are assumed to be random. The analysis in the
      unbalanced case is developed under the usual mixed model assumptions. The maximum
      likelihood estimates and likelihood ratio tests of the parameters are derived
      following the approach of Hemmerle and Hartley (1973). The T2 test is shown to be
      asymptotically equivalent to the analysis of variance F test in the balanced
      case. The distribution of the test statistic in the case of proportional cell
      frequencies is also discussed. Some investigation is made of the distribution of
      the test statistic by applying the method of Box (1954).

PMID- 1100134
TI  - Statistics and medical experimentation.
AB  - Starting from a review of four major experimental areas in medicine (Polio,
      Coronary Surgery, Diabetes, Breast Cancer), some of the special statistical
      problems arising in the design and analysis of clinical experiments are reviewed,
      and the limitations of current formulations are emphasized. Particular attention
      is given to the ethical dilemma and an alternative formulation of the
      inference/decision problem is proposed.

PMID- 1100135
TI  - Randomization and the analysis of variance.
AB  - This paper attempts to strengthen faith in randomization, first by defining it in
      general and second by showing how it is the fundamental means, in many
      experiments, of generating the probability space. It is defined by the natural
      structure of the experimental units (E.U.'s) not by a particular experimental
      design imposed on that structure. Three examples are given, with the same design
      but different E.U. structures and randomizations, to show that models developed
      from experimental designs are superficial, but that their randomization is
      fundamental.

PMID- 1100136
TI  - Efficiency of case-control studies with multiple controls per case: continuous or
      dichotomous data.
AB  - The statistical efficiency of a study design which matches each case with k
      controls is compared with that of the standard matched-pairs setup. For the
      situation in which the distribution of measurements on the factor under
      investigation is continuous, the comparison criterion used is the reciprocal of
      the variance ratio of the corresponding case-control difference estimators; for
      dichotomous observations, the Pitman efficiency of Miettinen's test [1969] or of
      Pike and Morrow's test [1970] relative to McNemar's test is used. When the
      variances for continuously distributed case and control measurements are equal to
      the same result, 2k/(k + 1), is obtained for both situations and, more generally,
      the efficiency of k1 controls relative to k2 controls is given by k1(k2 +
      1)/k2(k1 + 1). The Pitman efficiency is compared with the "practical efficiency"
      for large-sample dichotomous situations.

PMID- 1100137
TI  - The relationship between separation time and genetic distance based on angular
      transformations of gene frequencies.
AB  - Expressions are constructed for the theoretical expectation and the variance of
      the statistic chord2 used in connection with the genetic distances introduced by
      Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards. The gene frequency probability distribution is taken
      from Kimura's solution of the diffusion equation for pure random drift. The
      expression for the expectation is used for discussing whether distances are
      independent of original gene frequencies, and whether they are proportional to
      separation times. A modified method for estimating such separation times is
      proposed, and an example is given with cattle breeds. The accuracy of procedures
      based on genetic distances is evaluated using the variance of chord2.

PMID- 1100138
TI  - The structure of the anticodon loop of tRNAPhe from yeast as deduced from
      spectroscopic studies on oligonucleotides.

PMID- 1100139
TI  - Helix-coil transitions of compositionally heterogeneous DNA.

PMID- 1100140
TI  - Letter: Bence Jones lambda plasma cell myeloma.

PMID- 1100141
TI  - F-cells in the adult: normal values and levels in individuals with hereditary and
      acquired elevations of Hb F.
AB  - Specific antibodies to human fetal hemoglobin were prepared and, after
      conjugation with a fluorescent dye, were used to determine the distribution of Hb
      F-containing cells in blood smears from normal adults and individuals with
      hereditary and acquired conditions associated with abnormal levels of Hb F. The
      mean proportion of F-cells in normal persons was 2.7% +/- 1.4%, with a range of
      0.5%-7.0%. Proportions of F-cells were increased in persons with several acquired
      and inherited disorders that are associated with an increased percentage of Hb F
      in hemolysates. A strong linear correlation between the amount of Hb F and
      proportion of F-cells was observed. This technique may prove useful in studies of
      a variety of disorders associated with Hb F elevations and also in investigations
      of the mechanisms controlling the transition from fetal to adult hemoglobin
      during the course of human development.

PMID- 1100142
TI  - In memoriam: professor Carl de Gruchy February 24, 1922-October 13,1974.

PMID- 1100143
TI  - Adrenergic mechanisms in the rabbit ear artery. A review.
AB  - A number of factors which have been implicated in the response of the rabbit ear
      artery to adrenergic agents and stionstriction in the arterial smooth muscle; (b)
      the interrelationship between the intramural distribution of sympathetic nerves
      and muscle, and the influence of uptake and enzymic inactivation on the response
      to norepinephrine, and (c) the influence of presynaptic adrenergic and
      cholinergic receptors on the rwsponse to sympathetic nerve stimulation.

PMID- 1100144
TI  - [In memoriam: Frederik Stohlman Jr].

PMID- 1100145
TI  - The NBT test: Erratic behaviour in acute leukaemia.
AB  - Non-stimulated and stimulated nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye test was studied in
      sixteen adult patients with acute leukaemia in sequence, viz. at the time of
      diagnosis, during and after treatment. It was found that the capacity of the
      neutrophilic granulocytes to reduce NBT (non-stimulated) was below, within or
      above the range for the normal group. Two of the patients had a constant negative
      non-stimulated NBT test. The stimulated NBT test was below the normal range.
      Generally, there was no correlation between the percentage of NBT positive cells
      and fever of bacterial origin. All sixteen patients but four were found to be
      within the normal range concerning phagocytic ability.

PMID- 1100146
TI  - Effect on platelet counts and fever of platelet transfusion in leukemia.
AB  - The efficacy of platelet transfusions in pretransfused HL-1 sensitized patients
      has been doubtful, particularly where repeated platelet transfusions were
      required. The efficacy of one hundred and nine ABO-compatible, cross match
      negative platelet transfusions in 26 adult patients with acute leukemia was
      therefore studied. Although most of the patientswere old and pretransfused and
      although no HL-A typing could be made, a statistically significant average
      increase of about 11 000 platelets/mul was seen not only after the first but also
      after subsequent (up to 8) platelet transfusions. Moreover, significant reduction
      in temperature followed platelet transfusions. However, platelet recoveries were
      worse in severely infected patients.

PMID- 1100147
TI  - John Hughlings Jackson and the mind-body relation.

PMID- 1100148
TI  - The tuberculosis movement and the race question, 1890-1950.

PMID- 1100149
TI  - Social policy and city politics: tuberculosis reporting in New York, 1889-1900.

PMID- 1100150
TI  - Acupuncture and Western medicine.

PMID- 1100151
TI  - The King's College Medical School and the professionalization of medicine in pre
      revolutionary New York.

PMID- 1100152
TI  - The use and abuse of tartar emetic in the 19th-century materia medica.

PMID- 1100153
TI  - New light on the "Silvester" family of anatomical broadsheets.

PMID- 1100154
TI  - Did Averroes discover retinal sensitivity?

PMID- 1100155
TI  - In memoriam: Dr. Harry Finkelstein.

PMID- 1100156
TI  - Depolarizing effects of the ionophores X-537A and A23187 and their relevance to
      secretion.
AB  - The ionophore X-537A depolarized frog skeletal muscle fibres about 10 mV in 10
      min and a further 30 mV or so over the next 50 minutes. With A23187,
      depolarization was relatively feeble and delayed in onset but was hastened when
      calcium was removed from the bathing medium. The results support conjecture that
      some functional responses to these ionophores are attributable, in part, to
      depolarization.

PMID- 1100158
TI  - Letter: The term "psychosis' in the 1974 W.H.O. glossary of mental disorders.

PMID- 1100157
TI  - Studies on the hypotensive action of alpha-methyldopamine.
AB  - 1. Intraventricular alpha-methyldopamine (50-200 mug) produced a dose-related
      fall in blood pressure in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats. Pretreatment
      with intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine prevented this hypotensive effect of
      alpha-methyldopamine. 2. The hypotensive effect of alpha-methyldopamine was
      prevented by intraventricular injection of phentolamine or desmethylimipramine,
      but not by intraperitoneal injection of haloperidol. 3. Pretreatment with U
      14,624, a selective central dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor, prevented the
      hypotensive effect of alpha-methyldopamine. 4. Alpha-methyldopamine was
      considerably less potent than noradrenaline as a pressor agent in the pithed rat,
      but noradrenaline and alpha-methylnoradrenaline were found to be equipotent. 5.
      Alpha-methyldopamine (1-5 mg i.c.v.) reduced pressor responses elicited by
      electrical stimulation of the midbrain reticular formation in cats anaesthetized
      with chloralose. 6. It is concluded that the hypotensive action of alpha
      methyldopamine in conscious animals involves intact central alpha-adrenergic
      neurones and a central adrenergic uptake mechanism for the formation of alpha
      methylnoradrenaline.

PMID- 1100159
TI  - Bile salts and gallstone disease.
AB  - Bile salts play an important role in maintaining cholesterol in aqueous solution
      in bile. There is evidence that in some patients at least gallstones arise as a
      result of bile salt deficiency. The evidence to date suggests that although oral
      bile salts may be of use in treating some gallstone patients they are unlikely to
      replace cholecystectomy in the foreseeable future. The instillation of bile salts
      via an indwelling T-tube may well be of great use in the management of stones
      retained in the common duct after choledocholithotomy. There is no doubt that in
      this branch of medicine as in all others prevention is better than cure and our
      aim should be to perfect our technique so that we do not leave stones behind.
      However, should the situation occur we may soon have safe effective physiological
      solvents to dissolve our mistakes.

PMID- 1100160
TI  - Orthotopic liver transplantation: an experimental study on the prevention of
      infections with Gram-negative organisms.
AB  - Infection with Gram-negative bacteria is frequently the cause of death in human
      liver transplantation. In experimental liver transplantation in mongrel dogs we
      detected Gram-negative septicaemia in 73% of our first 15 cases; maximal survival
      was 26 days. In a second series of 27 orthotopic liver transplantations in tissue
      typed littermate dogs and littermate pigs the standard surgical technique and
      aftercare were changed with regard to four factors: an end-to-end common bile
      duct anastomosis was made instead of a gallbladder to duodenum anastomosis; the
      continuous postoperative bacteriostatic antibiotic therapy was changed to a
      single 2-day course of bactericidal antibiotics; preoperative selective bowel
      decontamination combined with postoperative protective isolation was introduced;
      the dosage of azathioprine used for immunosuppression was reduced..

PMID- 1100161
TI  - Vincent Zachary Cope 1881-1974.

PMID- 1100162
TI  - Gastric acid secretion following renal transplantation.
AB  - Gastric acid secretion studies were performed in 10 patients on regular dialysis
      and again following transplantation. While on dialysis, the acid output was high,
      with mean peak values after pentagastrin of 37-2 mEq/h in males and 26-3 mEq/h in
      females. These compared with values in normal subjects of 21-6 mEq/h in males and
      12-3 mEq/h in females. Following transplantation continuous steroid therapy was
      given. Repear gastric acid secretion studies showed no significant change, with
      values of 37-1 mEq/h in males and 24-6 mEq/h in females. The high incidence of
      gastro-intestinal haemorrhage and perforation following transplantation is
      probably due mainly to steroid therapy, but the ulcerogenic effect of steroids
      would not seem to be mediated by increased gastric acid secretion.

PMID- 1100163
TI  - Genetic variation and tooth development.

PMID- 1100164
TI  - Immunological aspects of dental caries and periodontal disease.

PMID- 1100165
TI  - Bacterial flora of dental plaque.

PMID- 1100166
TI  - Epidemiology of dental caries: the British scene.

PMID- 1100167
TI  - Research in dental care.

PMID- 1100168
TI  - Recent advances in physiology of salivary glands.

PMID- 1100169
TI  - Salivary gland disease.

PMID- 1100170
TI  - The pathogenesis of dental cysts.

PMID- 1100171
TI  - Premalignant lesions in the mouth.

PMID- 1100172
TI  - Permeability of oral mucosa.

PMID- 1100173
TI  - Thompson: Marine biologist.

PMID- 1100174
TI  - A. M. Keith.

PMID- 1100175
TI  - E. Thomas.

PMID- 1100176
TI  - J. P. Galloway.

PMID- 1100177
TI  - J. C. T. Sanctuary.

PMID- 1100178
TI  - Editorial: Donation of kidneys.

PMID- 1100179
TI  - Analysis of treatment in childhood leukaemia. I. Predisposition to methotrexate
      induced neutropenia after craniospinal irradiation. Report to the Medical
      Research Council of the Working Party on Leukaemia in Childhood.
AB  - The degree of drug-induced neutropenia resulting from a controlled trial (UKALL
      I) of treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was analysed. The main agent
      associated with severe neutropenia was methotrexate, and methotrexate-induced
      neutropenia was significantly greater in patients who had received craniospinal
      irradiation. The synergistic toxic effect of irradiation followed by methotrexate
      treatment seems to have contributed to three of the five deaths which occurred in
      complete remission in this trial; all deaths in remission occurred in patients
      who had received central nervous system prophylaxis. Analysis of patients who
      subsequently relapsed compared with those still in remission after 18 months of
      treatment indicated that the former, on average, had slightly lower neutrophil
      counts. This suggests that the children who relapsed did not receive any less
      aggressive treatment than those who remained in remission.

PMID- 1100180
TI  - Serum digoxin in patients with thyroid disease.
AB  - Serum digoxin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay in 17 hyperthyroid
      and 16 hypothyroid patients after a seven-day course of oral digoxin. The
      significantly higher levels of serum digoxin in patients with hypothyroidism and
      lower levels in those with hyperthyroidism were closely related to the measured
      changes of glomerular filtration rate and digoxin serum half time in these two
      groups. Differences in serum digoxin concentration contribute to the altered
      sensitivity to digoxin shown by patients with thyroid disease.

PMID- 1100181
TI  - Use of bacteriological investigations by general practitioners.
AB  - The numbers of vaginal swabs, faecal specimens, throat swabs, and urine specimens
      submitted by 104 city general practitioners to the bacteriology laboratory at
      Aberdeen differed widely. The doctors who made most use of the laboratory service
      rarely did so equally for all four investigations but usually for only one or
      two. Similarly, those who used the service least often made frequent use of one
      particular investigation. Further studies are needed to identify and evaluate the
      reasons for the apparently substantial disagreement among general practitioners
      concerning the value of these diffferent bacteriological investigations in
      general practice.

PMID- 1100182
TI  - John Leyden, poet and linguist.

PMID- 1100183
TI  - A. Jordan.

PMID- 1100184
TI  - R.M.S. McConaghey.

PMID- 1100185
TI  - Editorial: Stereotaxic neurosurgery for cerebral palsy.

PMID- 1100186
TI  - Agonal phase, ischaemic times, and renal vascular abnormalities and outcome of
      cadaver kidney transplants.
AB  - A retrospective study of 250 cadaver kidney transplants was carried out to
      determine the effects of the agonal period, the warm and cold ischaemic times,
      and the use of kidneys with vascular anomalies on the primary success and failure
      and the subsequent level of function of the transplants. Kidneys with vascular
      anomalies or from non-ventilated donors had a primary failure rate of over 30%,
      whereas those with normal vasculature or from ventilated donors had a rate of
      17%. An initial warm ischaemic time of more than 60 minutes was associated with a
      primary failure rate of 57% and a cold ischaemic time of over 550 minutes with a
      primary failure rate of 47%. The interrelationship between the warm and cold
      ischaemic times in the primary success or failure of the transplants was examined
      and criteria defined for selecting potentially viable cadaver kidneys for
      transplantation, as follows: (1) The donor should be (a) ventilated, (b) aged 6
      50 years, and (c) have normal ante-mortem renal function and have secreted more
      than 1-5 1 of urine in the 24 hours before death (or an equivalent volume if the
      urinary output was recorded for less than 24 hours before death); (2) the kidney
      should have normal renal vasculature enabling single arterial and venous
      anastomoses to be performed; (3) kidneys with I.W.I.T.s of longer than 60 minutes
      should not be used; (4) for kidneys with I.W.I.T.s of less than 20 minutes the
      C.I.T. is not critical but should not exceed 12 hours; (5) for kidneys with
      I.W.I.T.s of 20-60 minutes the C.I.T. should not exceed 450 minutes.

PMID- 1100187
TI  - Hyperparathyroidism after renal transplantation.
AB  - Renal transplantation reduced circulating parathyroid hormone in recipients of
      renal allografts. Nevertheless, biochemical and histological evidence of mild
      hyperparathyroidism persisted up to eight years after renal transplantation
      despite good graft function.

PMID- 1100188
TI  - Closure of abdominal wounds by adhesive strips: a clinical trial.
AB  - In a randomized trial of wound closure in 512 abdominal wounds, wounds were
      closed with either reinforced Steristrip skin closures or interrupted silk
      sutures. Comparisons were made of wound pain and discomfort, wound infection,
      discharge, redness, width, and skin reaction. The causes of peeling of the tapes
      were assessed. The results showed that tapes were significantly more comfortable
      and that patients preferred them to sutures (P less than 0.01), but wide scars
      occurred more often. There was no difference in rates of wound infection and no
      case of allergy to the tapes was seen. Closure of abdominal wounds by these tapes
      is a satisfactory procedure that could be used more extensively.

PMID- 1100189
TI  - J. D. Gray.

PMID- 1100190
TI  - Reticuloendothelial function in renal allograft recipients.
AB  - The phagocytic capacity of the reticuloendothelial system (R.E.S.) was assessed
      in patients with chronic renal failure and in renal transplant recipients. R.E.S.
      phagocytosis was increased in the former group. Soon after transplantation R.E.S.
      phagocytosis was moderately reduced (through levels were comparable with those of
      normal controls) but was particularly reduced after high-dose corticosteroid
      treatment for rejection. In long-term allograft recipients R.E.S. phagocytosis
      was also depressed though steroid maintenance doses were small.

PMID- 1100191
TI  - J.A. Gillison; M.B., CH.B.

PMID- 1100192
TI  - Survival of infants with unoperated myeloceles.
AB  - Of the infants with spina bifida referred to a neonatal surgical unit over three
      years and denied early closure of the myelocele, a significant proportion
      survived long enough for procedures to drain hydrocephalus to be needed. The key
      decision in the management of this condition is not whether myeloceles should be
      closed but whether hydrocephalus should be treated.

PMID- 1100193
TI  - W H Bradley.

PMID- 1100194
TI  - Language and the thalamus: object naming and recall during and after thalamic
      stimulation.

PMID- 1100195
TI  - On the neural organization of language: thalamic and cortical relationships.

PMID- 1100196
TI  - The effects on speech and language of stereotactical stimulation in thalamus and
      corpus callosum.

PMID- 1100197
TI  - Obituary: Ivane Beritashvili, 1885-1974.

PMID- 1100198
TI  - Immunofluorescence localization of the olfactory marker protein.

PMID- 1100199
TI  - Ultrastructural localization of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the
      median eminence of the rat.
AB  - The nature of cells in the hypothalamus that produce hypothalamic
      hypophysiotropic hormones remains unsettled. To investigate this problem electron
      microscopic immunocytochemistry was performed on thin sections of the median
      eminence of proestrous rats using antibodies to synthetic luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LHRH) and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique. PAP
      complexes indicating the presence of LHRH were found over small, homogeneously
      dense neurosecretory granules 75-90 nm in diameter that occurred in clusters
      within neurons. Positive staining was more prevalent in the palisade zone in the
      anterior median eminence than at more posterior levels. LHRH positive granules
      were not obsereved in neuronal processes in the neurohemal contact zone, but
      appeared closer to the pericapillary space in the posterior median eminence than
      at more anterior levels. Occasional groups of LHRH positive granules were also
      found in the internal layer and hypendymal zone. No staining was observed in
      tanycytes or glial elements. These results support the hypothesis that
      hypothalamic hypophysiotropic hormones are produced by neurons and are stored in
      granules of homogeneous size and density in nerve processes  located in the
      median eminence in the proximity of the hypophysial portal plexus.

PMID- 1100200
TI  - [60th birthday of Assistant Prof. Karol Virsik, M.D].

PMID- 1100201
TI  - The influence of Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Prague, respectively of Mycobacterium
      smegmatis on the growth of the intratracheally transplanted Deal's sarcoma in
      guinea pigs (author's transl).

PMID- 1100202
TI  - [85th birthday of Academician V. Laufberger].

PMID- 1100203
TI  - Relationships of intestinal enzymes and serum antitoxin to the pig response to
      Escherichia coli enterotoxin.
AB  - The intestinal loop technique was used to evaluate the response of three week old
      piglets to the heat labile (LT) and the heat stable (ST) enterotoxins produced by
      Escherichia coli F11(P155). The serum anti-LT activity and the lipase, amylase
      and trypsin activities in the jejunal lumen of these pigs were determined.
      Piglets responded independently ti each toxin and no relationship between these
      responses and serum anti-LT activity or the enzyme activities of the jejunal
      content could be demonstrated.

PMID- 1100204
TI  - Polyserositis in pigs due to generalized Escherichia coli infection.
AB  - A fibrinous polyserositis syndrome due to generalized Escherichia coli infection
      in pigs was observed in 13 out of 17 systematically monitored herds. The
      mortality rate was approximately 0.1% among liveborn pigs. The occurrence was
      usually sporadic but a minor enzootic was observed in one herd. Most of the
      affected pigs succumbed during first or second week of life but cases were
      observed throughout the suckling period. The clinical signs included marked
      depression, anorexia, rough haircoat, laboured respiration and death in two to
      five days. Predominant gross pathological lesions were signs of septicaemia and a
      voluminous, gelatinous and fibrinous exudate in the pleural, the pericardial and
      the peritoneal cavities. Frequently also a firbinous polyarthritis and a
      fibrinous pneumonia were present. The majority of the isolated invasive E. coli
      strains were nonhaemolytic. Serologically 11 different E. coli O groups were
      encountered. O group most frequently represented was 020. None of the examined E.
      coli strains belonged to the serogroups which frequently are associated with
      enteropathogenicity in pigs.

PMID- 1100205
TI  - Immunofluorescent cell assay of neonatal calf diarrhea virus.
AB  - A reliable plaque assay procedure has not yet been described for the neonatal
      calf diarrhea virus. Therefore, a previously developed immunofluorescent cell
      counting procedure was adapted to assay this virus. Adsorption of the virus to
      bovine kidney cells plateaued at 60 minutes. The optimal staining time was
      between 20 and 24 hours postinfection. Infected cells begun releasing from the
      coverslips if the cultures were incubated longer than 24 hours. This procedure
      has proven successful with virus grown in cell culture as well as virus present
      in fecal samples.

PMID- 1100206
TI  - Metabolism of [2-14C]prostaglandin E1 on passage through the pulmonary
      circulation.
AB  - A multiple indicator dilution technique was used to study inactivation of
      [14C]prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) by isolated cat lungs. A bolus containing [2
      14C]PGE1, indocyanine green dye and 3HOH was rapidly introduced into the blood
      entering the pulmonary artery. Sequential samples of the venous effluent were
      collected and analyzed for 3H, dye, and 14C. The 14C-labelled compounds were
      separated by thin-layer chromatography, and the quantity of PGE1 and its
      metabolites contained in each sample was determined (radiochromatogram scanning).
      Recovery of the dye and 3H was complete within the sampling period. However, only
      79% of the injected 14C emerged from the lung within this period, 36% as
      [14C]PGE1, and 43% as two less polar metabolites. The mean transit times
      (including connecting tubing) for the unmetabolized [14C]PGE1 and the dye were
      9.1 and 8.7 s, respectively. The apparent mean transit times for 14C in the
      metabolites were considerably longer, 12.4 and 14.3 s. The 3HOH mean transit time
      was 10.7 s. These data are compatible with an extraluminal site for PGE1
      metabolism.

PMID- 1100207
TI  - Effective selection of Proteus mirabilis clones producing mirabilicin D-52.
AB  - From a defective-lysogenic Proteus mirabilis strain we isolated several clones
      differing in the pattern of their growth on agar plates. Using electron
      microscopy we have shown some of the selected clones to be efficient in producing
      mirabilicin D-52 after UV induction, while other clones produced defective
      mirabilicin polysheaths and polycores. Clones producing polysheaths and polycores
      can be detected electron microscopically only, since these defective particles
      are biologically inactive.

PMID- 1100208
TI  - Isolation and characterization of a bacteriophage infective for a UDP-galactose-4
      epimeraseless mutant of Escherichia coli.
AB  - A DNA bacteriophage, designated CP13, was isolated against Escherichia coli J5, a
      UDP-galactose-4-epimeraseless mutant of E. coli 0111:B4. Bacteriophage CP13
      appears to be specific for rough bacterial strains. Adsorption studies with E.
      coli J5 grown with galactose show that the bacteriophage will not adsorb when
      complete lipopolysaccharide is present in the cell membrane. This indicates that
      lipopolysaccharide may be directly or indirectly involved with the receptor site
      for bacteriophage CP13. The bacteriophage DNA has a G + C content of 52%.

PMID- 1100209
TI  - Purification and properties of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus from Choristoneura
      fumiferana.
AB  - The polyhedral inclusion bodies of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus from the spruce
      budworm Choristoneura fumiferana were purified by fluorocarbon treatment, sucrose
      columns, sucrose density gradients, and equilibrium centrifugation. The
      preparation yields a single and homogeneous band in potassium tartrate gradients
      at a density of 1.193 g/ml. The virions were released from the polyhedra by
      alkali treatment and purified by either rate zonal or equilibrium centrifugation
      in sucrose gradients. The purified virions, which band at a density of 1.265
      1.300 g/ml in sucrose, were infectious to the spruce budworm larvae and their
      mean LD50 was 1.09 +/- 0.1 mug of virus. However, viral nucleocapsids, released
      by a nonionic detergent, Nonidet P-40, had a density of 1.315 g/ml and were
      noninfectious by either per os inoculation or intrahemocoelic injection.

PMID- 1100210
TI  - [Study of the stability and the degradation of fluorescence in the
      immunofluorescence technic (FTA-ABS) using pulsed lasers].
AB  - The use of two pulsed lasers as excitation sources in the immunofluorescent
      technique FTA-ABS (fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption) shows that
      excitation of specimens by continuous or long-duration pulses of light (in the
      order of a millisecond) degrades the fluorescence in such a way that it is
      impossible to quantify exactly the fluorescent signal or repeat the analysis.
      Stability of fluorescence can be achieved by very short excitation pulses (in the
      order of a microsecond) and this fast fluorescent signal can be detected only by
      an electronic detection and recording system. With such a system, high precision
      is obtained by elimination of errors by the human eye.

PMID- 1100211
TI  - Repair of heat injury in thymine auxotrophs of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Heat-induced damage in four strains of bacteria has been studied. It has been
      shown that the damage is repairable on incubation at 37 degrees C in a medium not
      supporting growth. The extent of repair is dependent upon the strain of bacterium
      chosen. Recovery from the damage is prominent in the case of filament-forming
      bacteria, and in non-filament formers, recovery is not totally absent.

PMID- 1100212
TI  - Electron microscopy of T1-bacteriophage adsorbed to clay minerals: application of
      the critical point drying method.

PMID- 1100213
TI  - Alpha methyldopahydrazine as an adjunct to levodopa therapy in Parkinson's
      disease.
AB  - A double-blind, double-observer study was carried out in twenty-five patients
      with Parkinson's disease. Alpha methyldopahydrazine in combination with L-dopa
      was compared to placebo with L-dopa. Combination therapy resulted in a reduction
      in L-dopa dosage to 1/3 of the amount required during the baseline. There were no
      side effects attributed directly to the alpha methyldopahydrazine. The overall
      incidence of side effects in the two groups was similar but the combination
      therapy significantly reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting. The limiting
      factor in the combination therapy was the presence of L-dopa induced dyskinesias.

PMID- 1100214
TI  - Cucumber shaped and 35 nm particles in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
AB  - A 63 year old female with the ataxic form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is
      presented. In addition to amyloid plaques which were not associated with
      Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles, rare profiles similar to those reported in
      Scrapie were also seen. To our knowledge, these profiles have never been observed
      in CJD and their presence in this condition adds a further morphologic similarity
      between the human and animal forms of subacute spongiform "viral"
      encephalopathies.

PMID- 1100215
TI  - Choice of gastric drainage procedures.
AB  - The need for drainage after truncal or selective vagotomy is well accepted, but
      there is no agreement on the most suitable type of drainage procedure. A review
      of the literature, particularly of papers published in the last 3 years, suggests
      that whereas vagotomy with gastroenterostomy is followed by a relatively high
      incidence of bile vomiting, vagotomy with pyloroplasty carries a significantly
      higher risk of recurrent ulceration. The surgeon, therefore, should not hesitate
      to perform gastroenterostomy if the pyloroduodenum is severely scarred. As
      pyloroplasty is irreversible, gastroenterostomy is probably the drainage
      procedure of choice.

PMID- 1100216
TI  - Pancreatic pseudocyst and polycythemia after renal transplantation.

PMID- 1100217
TI  - Nicotinic acid in the treatment of schizophrenias. Canadian Mental Health
      Association collaborative study: progress report II.

PMID- 1100218
TI  - Uses and abuses of operant conditioning. A subjective review.

PMID- 1100219
TI  - Psychiatric surgery-1935-1973: evolution and current perspectives.

PMID- 1100220
TI  - Combined cyclophosphamide vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (COPP)
      therapy of malignant lymphoma. Evaluation of 190 patients.
AB  - One hundred ninety patients who had advanced active Hodgkin's disease,
      lymphosarcoma, or reticulum cell sarcoma were treated with a combination of
      cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (COPP) given in a
      cyclical fashion every month. Complete remission was produced in 91 of 138 (66%)
      patients with Hodgkin's disease and in 39 of 52 (75%) patients with non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma (lymphosarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma). The response rate was higher
      in patients who completed six cycles of therapy compared to those who completed
      only three to five cycles: 77% vs. 45%, respectively, in Hodgkin's disease, and
      85% vs. 46%, respectively, in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The median duration of
      remission was longer for Hodgkin's disease patients who completed six cycles (30
      months vs. 10 months). The median duration of complete remission of non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma was 14 months. The response to treatment correlated positively with
      survival. The median survival time start of COPP treatment for patients with
      Hodgkin's disease was 7 months for nonresponders, 14 months for those who
      attained partial remission, and more than 48 months for those who attained
      complete remission. For patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the median survival
      time from start of COPP treatment was 24 months for nonresponders and those who
      had partial remission, and more than 32 months for those who attained complete
      remission. Of complete remission responders with Hodgkin's disease, 70% are still
      alive 84 months after diagnosis, and 63% of the patients witn non-Hodgkin's
      lymphoma are still alive 48 months after diagnosis.

PMID- 1100221
TI  - Clinical comparison of the nitrosoureas.
AB  - The nitrosourea group of antitumor agents was developed by the Division of Cancer
      Treatment of the National Cancer Institute. Three nitrosoureas (BCNU, CCNU,
      MeCCNU) have undergone extensive clinical trials, and two of them (BCNU, CCNU)
      will soon become commercially available. This paper briefly considers the
      preclinical development of the nitrosoureas and provides an overview and
      comparison of the extensive clinical data. Information is given regarding any
      clinical differences. We discuss general conclusions drawn from the nitrosourea
      development.

PMID- 1100222
TI  - In vitro determination of tritiated thymidine labeling index (LI). Evaluation of
      a method utilizing hyperbaric oxygen and observations on the LI of human mammary
      carcinoma.
AB  - A simple method for incubation of tissue specimens with tritiated thymidine under
      3 atm oxygen tension gave an in vitro labeling index (LI) that corresponded
      closely with LI's determined by injection of tritiated thymidine in vivo.  The LI
      of tumors was not affected by storage at room temperature for up to 135 minutes.
      The mean LI for 39 human mammary carcinomas was 3.8, but the distribution was
      skewed to the right, and the most frequently observed LI's were between 2 and 3.
      Larger carcinomas had significantly larger LI's than smaller tumors, which
      suggests that the larger tumors were faster-growing at the time of observation
      than the smaller tumors. The capacity of the larger tumors to maintain a
      relatively rapid growth rate may account for their large size. The data
      suggested, but did not prove, that a high LI was associated with more frequent
      metastasis to axillary lymph nodes.

PMID- 1100223
TI  - Acquired hypertrichosis languiginosa. Report of two new cases and a review of the
      literature.
AB  - Hypertrichosis lanuginosa is a pathologic state characterized by an excessive,
      new growth of fine, fetal hair. Two cases of hypertrichosis languinosa with
      malignancy (lymphoma and uterine cancer) are presented and added to the 9 in the
      literature. Lymphoma and uterine cancer are previously unreported as associated
      with hypertrichosis osis lanuginosa. Review of the 11 cases of hypertrichosis
      lanuginosa revealed the following characteristics: females were predominant; none
      was below the 4th decade; all had advanced neoplastic disease; all malignancies
      except one were of epithelial origin; and there were no demonstrable endocrine
      abnormalities. Despite an attempt to find etiologic factors in our patients and
      in the literature, none could be elicited.

PMID- 1100224
TI  - Clinical study of the new podophyllotoxin derivative, 4'
      demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-o-ethylidene- beta-D-glucopyranoside) (NSC
      141540; VP-16-213), in solid tumors.
AB  - The new semisynthetic epipodophyllotoxin, 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-o
      ethylidene- beta-D-glucopyranoside) (NSC-141540), was tested for antitumor
      activity against solid tumors and for clinical toxicity in 30 patients. The first
      two courses were given intravenously (60 mg/m2/day times 5, every 21 days), and
      subsequent courses were given orally (60-120 mg/m2/day times 5, every 21 days).
      The drug was subjectively well tolerated but induced considerable
      leukothrombocytopenia and alopecia. It demonstrated significant activity in oat
      cell carcinoma of the lung (eight responses out of 11 patients) and ovarian
      cancer (-our responses out of six patients). NSC-141540 has valuable cytostatic
      activity against these two tumors and warrants further clinical trials,
      especially in combination chemotherapy.

PMID- 1100225
TI  - 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-o-2-thenylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (NSC
      122819; VM-26) and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4.6-0-ethylidene-beta-D
      glucopyranoside) (NSC-141540; VP-16-213) in childhood cancer: preliminary
      observations.
AB  - We evaluated the responses of 39 children with cancer who, after failure to
      respond to conventional chemotherapeutic agents, received either or both of two
      epipodophyllotoxins: 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-o-2-thenylidene-beta-D
      glucopyranoside) (NSC-122819) and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin 9-(4,6-o
      ethylidene-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (NSC-141540). Seventeen patients has acute
      lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). 12 had acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), and ten
      had solid tumors. Initially, the patients in each disease category were
      randomized to receive 50 mg/m2/dose of NSC-122819 intravenously (iv) twice weekly
      or 75 mg/m2/dose iv of NSC-141540 twice weekly for 4 weeks. Drug dosages and
      schedules of administration were adjusted during the course of the study.
      Although objective responses were not detected in the heterogeneous group of
      solid tumor patients, definite clinical responses were obtained in nine of the 29
      patients with acute leukemia. The responses to the two epipodophyllotoxins were
      noted in patients with ALL as well as in patients with ANLL. Toxic side-effects
      included nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, alopecia, leukopenia, and
      thrombocytopenia. These results, the first reported with both NSC-122819 and NSC
      141540 in childhood cancer, indicate that the epipodophyllotoxins are well
      tolerated and may be effective against acute leukemia.

PMID- 1100226
TI  - Phase I clinical trial of isophosphamide (NSC-109724).
AB  - An initial clinical phase I trial of isophosphamide has been carried out at dose
      levels of 200-10,000 mg/m2 of body surface area using a single-dose, every-3-week
      schedule. Significant toxicity was not seen at isophosphamide dose levels less
      than 2900 mg/m2. At higher doses, nausea and vomiting was nearly universal.
      Hematologic toxicity manifested by leukopenia occurred in 12 of 20 patients
      treated with doses of 3800-7000 mg/m2. Thrombocytopenia to 100,000 platelets/mm3
      was not seen in any patient. Urinary bladder toxicity manifested by hemorrhagic
      cystitis was seen in 15 of 23 patients treated with doses of 3800-10,000 mg/m2.
      Hemorrhagic cystitis could be completely prevented by bladder irrigation with N
      acetyl-L-cysteine (1% solution, 2000 ml/day). With careful attention to
      hydration, renal toxicity was largely prevented with blood urea nitrogen
      elevations to 30 mg/dl in only two of 14 patients receiving isophosphamide doses
      of 5000-7000 mg/m2. Another side effect was central nervous system toxicity in
      seven of 17 patients at doses of 5000-10,000 mg/m2. For phase II trials a dose of
      5000 mg/m2 is recommended, with careful attention to the state of hydration in
      the patient and with the knowledge that bladder irrigation may be necessary for
      the prevention and/or amelioration of bladder toxicity.

PMID- 1100227
TI  - Daunorubicin (NSC-82151), vincristine (NSC-67574), cytosine arabinoside (NSC
      63878), and prednisone (NSC-10023) combination therapy for advanced adult acute
      leukemia.

PMID- 1100228
TI  - Phase II study of ICRF-159 (NSC-129943) in advanced colorectal carcinoma.

PMID- 1100229
TI  - Treatment of malignant melanoma with vinblastine (NSC-49842), procarbazine (NSC
      77213), and actinomycin D (NSC-3053).

PMID- 1100230
TI  - Combination chemotherapy with CCNU (NSC-79037) and 5-(3, 3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1
      triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide (NSC-82196).

PMID- 1100231
TI  - Diagnosis and significance of gallop rhythm.

PMID- 1100232
TI  - Computer analysis of electrocardiograms.

PMID- 1100233
TI  - Ambulatory monitoring of arrhythmias.
AB  - Currently available instrumentation provides the capability of ambulatory
      electrocardiographic monitoring. A considerable body of literature has developed
      since the late 1950s which defines an important role for this technique in
      clinical practice. The use of ambulatory monitoring may ultimately prove as
      useful in the diagnosis and treatment of occult arrhythmias during activity as
      monitoring has been during acute phases of myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1100234
TI  - The value of His bundle electrocardiography in cardiac diagnosis.

PMID- 1100235
TI  - Echocardiography in cardiac diagnosis.

PMID- 1100236
TI  - Echocardiography in congenital heart disease.
AB  - It has been demonstrated that echocardiography is a useful and accurate
      noninvasive technique for the study of congenital cardiovascular diseases. This
      method provides significant information in that invasive cardiac catheterization
      and angiocardiography can be planned with greater facility. This is especially
      important in severely ill babies in whom invasive diagnostic methods are risky.
      It is particularly attractive in neonates in whom the clinical differentiation of
      lethal heart disease from septic shock is difficult, since in the latter
      situation the echographic findings are normal.

PMID- 1100237
TI  - Diagnostic value of systolic time intervals in man.
AB  - The STI offer a quantitative noninvasive measure of left ventricular performance
      in man. Extensive studies in animals and man have validated the STI. The STI are
      also sensitive to changes in inotropic state, preload, and afterload, and
      distinction must be made between the differing effects of acute and chronic
      alterations upon the STI. When properly performed and interpreted the STI are
      useful in diagnosis (aortic valve disease, angina pectoris, and pericardial
      disease), evaluation of the effectiveness of cardiac compensation (coronary
      artery disease, mitral valve disease, hypertensive heart disease), and evaluation
      of surgical or pharmacologic interventions. While much investigation is required
      for a more comprehensive understanding of the clinical application of the STI,
      the studies summarized in this review support continued use of these measures for
      the evaluation of left ventricular performance in man.

PMID- 1100238
TI  - Physiologic and pharmacologic aids in cardiac ausculation.

PMID- 1100239
TI  - Coronary arteriography: indications and pitfalls.
AB  - Selective coronary arteriography has become an unusually useful technique in
      evaluating patients with known or suspected ischemic heart disease. The
      contribution of F. Mason Sones in developing the technique and in emphasizing
      that properly performed studies in experienced hands can be done at an acceptable
      risk cannot be overemphasized. Although the study can give information only on
      the anatomical aspects of the disease, it has remarkably broadened ouo
      understanding of the whole spectrum of coronary arteriosclerosis and ischemic
      heart disease. This is related to the fact that the method has provided the
      opportunity to study an extraordinarily large number of patients representing
      virtually every clinical subset of the disease. The importance of nonanatomical
      factors, better prognostic information about the disease, and more complete
      understanding of the hemodynamic ocrrelates and mechanisms of drug action have
      resulted from investigative studies using coronary arteriographic methods.
      Because ischemic heart disease is such a complex and variable entity, it is
      important to stress that coronary arteriography and left ventricular angiography
      can provide only anatomical information, and that the method has significant but
      ordinarily recognizable limitations. Some of these limitations are technical and
      are not important considerations in experienced hands in well-run laboratories.
      Other problems are inherent in the anatomical complexity of the disease and the
      coronary circulation. Hence, appropriate emphasis on the details of the patient's
      history, including risk factors and age, as well as other selected clinical
      laboratory studiies, such as exercise electrocardiography, are important in
      assessing the patient's total problem. Because of these factors, the greatest
      value of coronary arteriography is realized when it is performed as part of a
      thoughtful, detailed--and highly individualized--evaluation of the patient.

PMID- 1100240
TI  - Value of ventriculography in cardiac function and diagnosis.
AB  - The methods for calculating left ventricular volumes employing biplane
      angiocardiograms and the calculated parameters of left ventricular mass, pressure
      volume diagrams, wall forces, compliance, and abnormally contracting segments are
      described. Examples of these calculations are given and the contributions to the
      assessment of cardiac function and diagnosis are discussed. Normal values and the
      alterations produced by volume overload, pressure overload, myocardial disease,
      and coronary artery disease are presented.

PMID- 1100241
TI  - Radioisotopic measurements of coronary blood flow.
AB  - This review has presented a critical evaluation of current methods used in
      measurement of total and regional blood flow. Measurement of total coronary blood
      flow furnishes little evidence of pathological processes within the coronary
      vascular system. However, in conjunction with coronary vasodilators, measurement
      of total coronary blood flow may indicate the presence of coronary artery
      disease. Difficulties inherent in the determination of regional coronary blood
      flow lie primarily in defining clearance slopes and in the presence of accidental
      counts. More promising are methods using scintigraphs obtained with radioactive
      particles injected into the coronary artery. However, these procedures do not
      measure flow, only flow distribution. A procedure for measuring regional uptake
      of positron emitters by coincidence counting has been described; the method
      possesses definite advantages over other procedures, since it is noninvasive and
      appears to have good resolution. However, the method is dependent on higher decay
      density which necessitates the use of nuclides with a short half-life (e.g.,
      81rubidium).

PMID- 1100242
TI  - Radioactive tracers in cardiac diagnosis.

PMID- 1100243
TI  - Myocardial enzymes.
AB  - 1. The use of enzyme analysis has proved considerably valuable in the diagnosis
      of myocardial infarction. 2. Serial studies of multiple enzymes appear to lend
      greater specificity and sensitivity to such testing. 3. Creatine phosphokinase
      appears to be the most useful of the conventional enzymes employed in the
      diagnosis of myocardial infarction, but limitations due to technical factors and
      other clinical states causing elevation must be recognized. 4. Current studies to
      enhance the specificity of enzyme diagnosis in myocardial infarction include the
      employment of isoenzymes of CPK and LDH. 5. Enzymes appear to afford significant
      benefit in assessing the prognosis following myocardial infarction and may aid in
      the selection of therapy.

PMID- 1100245
TI  - Transcutaneous Doppler detector in the study of arterial and venous flow
      patterns.
AB  - The transcutaneous Doppler flow detector is not presently suited for volume
      quantitation. However, the arterial flow velocity profile has been established as
      a valuable procedure for the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease and
      assessment of abnormalities of peripheral flow that may result from cardiac
      arrhythmia or cardiac dysfunction. Distinctive, diagnostic arterial flow patterns
      in patients with hypertrophic subaortic stenosis and in patients with aortic
      insufficiency have been described. Occlusive venous disease in the popliteal vein
      and more proximal vessels can be diagnopsed with an accuracy that justifies the
      use of the Doppler ultrasound examination as a screening procedure in individuals
      subject to thrombophlebitis. It is reasonable to anticipate that future work with
      pulsed Doppler instruments will establish this technique of imaging as a
      practical clinical method for noninvasive arteriography.

PMID- 1100244
TI  - Cardiac output at rest and during exercise.

PMID- 1100246
TI  - Diagnostic uses of electrical pacing.
AB  - Diagnostic pacing has proven useful for the study of a great variety of clinical
      problems. Rapid atrial pacing is an excellent means of stressing the heart,
      particularly in patients with ischemic heart disease. Pacing-induced tachycardia
      has been used to provoke typical coronary pain and to produce hemodynamic,
      metabolic, and left ventricular contractile changes in patients with coronary
      artery disease. Because this heart stress is reproducible, it has also been
      valuable in assessing response to medical and surgic al therapy in patients with
      angina. Electrophysiologically, pacing has been used to clarify mechanisms of
      normal and abnormal function of the sinus node and A-V conduction. The pre
      excitation states have been more precisely defined, and the introduction of
      programmed electrical stimuli into the cardiac cycle has helped elucidate the
      nature of re-entry supraventricular tachycardias.

PMID- 1100247
TI  - Usefulness and limitations of precordial phonocardiography and external pulse
      recordings.
AB  - Phonocardiography provides one of a growing list of valuable intermediary studies
      between physical examination and cardiac catheterization. It not only provides a
      medium for instruction in physical examination, but also allows one to make
      certain diagnoses and assess severity of numerous cardiovascular lesions. It is
      especially valuable in the evaluation of all valvular stenoses, especially aortic
      stenosis. One can also use phonocardiography for screening and diagnosis of
      idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis. It is a helpful adjunct in the study
      of several congenital abnormalities as well as in the assessment of myocardial
      function in cardiomyopathies and ischemic heart disease, and may often be
      decisive in confirming the diagnosis of pericardial constriction.

PMID- 1100248
TI  - Myocardial metabolic studies.

PMID- 1100249
TI  - Invasive bedside monitoring for acute myocardial infarction.

PMID- 1100250
TI  - Followup of implanted pacemakers: an evaluation of surveillance methods.
AB  - A waveform analysis clinic augmented by telephone transmission of pacemaker
      interval in the late stages of pacemaker life will yield a considerable amount of
      information and will permit elective replacement of pacemakers in about 90 per
      cent of cases. The clinic has an advantage over other surveillance systems in the
      accuracy of the diagnosis, the identification of abnormalities that do not
      require pacemaker replacement, and the multiple benefits of a direct doctor
      patient relationship. No system of surveillance can be recommended over all
      others in all circumstances. It is sufficient here to indicate the merits of each
      system and to allow the various centers to develop according to their own
      particular needs and desires. There is no objection to telephone monitoring alone
      as long as one realizes that only about 80 per cent of the problems can be
      detected and that there will be an irreducible percentage of false negative and
      false positive diagnoses. The danger of errors of this type is not great, but it
      does exist and should be avoided if possible. Other methods of pacemaker
      followup, such as simple examination and an electrocardiogram in a doctor's
      office or changing the pacemaker on the basis of the manufacturer's prediction,
      are relatively unsatisfactory. It should be stressed that pacemaker surveillance
      of some type is essential to satisfactory patient care because it provides for
      maximum utilization of the pacemaker, for replacement only if and when necessary,
      for detection of 90 per cent of pacemaker problems, and for protection of the
      patient against unexpected pacemaker failure.

PMID- 1100251
TI  - Intracardiac sound and pressure: right heart events. Toward an ultimate
      classification of auscultatory events.
AB  - These observations are presented as a tentative step towards an ultimate
      classification of auscultatory events based on ICSP studies, chest wall
      phonocardiography, and auscultatory areas, with continuing clarification or
      modification by angiography, Doppler techniques, echocardiography, computer
      usage, and any available, useful technique. The ultimate diagnostic value of ICSP
      information resides in the feed-back loop wherein this information is used daily
      at the bedside as part of the understanding and explanation of daily auscultatory
      phenomena.

PMID- 1100252
TI  - Diagnostic value of arterial and venous wave forms.

PMID- 1100253
TI  - Exercise electrocardiography.

PMID- 1100254
TI  - A historical perspective on physiological monitoring: Chauveau's projecting
      kymograph and the projecting physiograph.

PMID- 1100255
TI  - [Results of activity of the institute for Clinical Physiology and the concept of
      clinical physiology. 25-years 1945-1970].

PMID- 1100256
TI  - [Deliberations over the work and life of Prof. Miloslav Matousek, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1100257
TI  - [Experimental thyreoiditis. A contribution to solving its pathogenesis (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1100258
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Jaroslav Horejsi].

PMID- 1100259
TI  - Immunohistochemical detection of growth hormone-release inhibiting hormone
      (somatostatin) in the guinea-pig brain.
AB  - Utilizing the unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, we have
      studied the distribution of somatostatin (growth hormone release-inhibiting
      hormone) in the guinea pig brain. An immunohistochemical reaction was found in
      both internal and external zone of the caudal and median portions of the median
      eminence. Reaction products were also present in the arcuate nucleus in proximity
      of the third ventricule. The immunostained elements resembled nerve processes. No
      cell bodies were stained. A positive reaction was also present in the whole
      organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis. In the subfornical and
      subcommissural organs, somatostatin was observed in the ependymal and
      subependymal layers and the perivascular areas. In the pineal gland, a positive
      reaction was also found mainly in the perivascular areas. All the other brain
      areas were completely negative. These results establish that, in the
      hypothalamus, somatostatin is mainly concentrated in the median eminence and
      suggest that periventricular organs can play a role in the regulation of growth
      hormone secretion.

PMID- 1100261
TI  - The ratio of smooth muscle cell volume to cell surface area measured by electron
      microscopy with corrections for shrinkage.
AB  - The ratio of cell volume to cell surface area (V/A) has been measured by electron
      microscopy, for smooth muscle cells of the guinea-pig taenia coli. The extent of
      shrinkage which occurs during processing for electron microscopy has been
      estimated using Archimedes' principle. The corrected ratio of V/A is 0.8 mum
      which is lower than previously published estimates for this tissue. The
      contribution of the surface vesicles to V/A was not included in the present
      estimate, but the extra surface area contributed by these organelles would lower
      V/A even more.

PMID- 1100260
TI  - Intracellular localization of actin with fluorescently labelled heavy meromyosin.
AB  - An improved technique for fluorescent labelling of heavy meromyosin has made it
      possible to detect on a light microscopic level the cellular sites of actin
      localization. Rabbit heavy meromyosin (HMM) was labelled with fluorescein
      isothiocyanate so that the actin binding site was protected during the reaction.
      The specificity of fluorescent HMM binding to cellular actin was tested by using
      glycerinated myofibrils. Staining was most intense in the I-Bands, and decreased
      at the edges of the A-Band, where actin filaments overlap with myosin. No
      staining occurred in the H-Zones or in the Z-Bands. The fluorescent HMM could be
      removed by washing with a relaxing solution. Similar sarcomeric patterns were
      obtained when embryonic chick skeletal and cardiac muscle cells were stained with
      fluorescent HMM. Localized fluorescent staining was also observed in smooth
      muscle fibers, axons and growth cones of nerves, acrosomal caps of sperm,
      cleavage furrows of dividing cells and pseudopods of various motile cells, all of
      which are known to contain actin. In sessile cells, the actin was found
      predominantly in fibrous bundles. This pattern of actin localization was altered
      when the cells underwent cleavage or became motile. The relationship between the
      intracellular distribution of actin and its function in the cell is discussed.

PMID- 1100262
TI  - [60th birthday of Assistant Prof. Vaclav Lane].

PMID- 1100263
TI  - [80th birthday of Academician Vilem Laufberger].

PMID- 1100264
TI  - [Laufberger's "agitation theory" and current research of the brain].

PMID- 1100265
TI  - [Physiology in Prague before 1750].

PMID- 1100266
TI  - [Laufberger's polyrheography and its importance in physiology and medical
      science].

PMID- 1100267
TI  - [Significance of radiocardiography for the study of ischemic heart disease].

PMID- 1100268
TI  - [Traumatic hydro-hemocele of the frontal fossa and peroperative plastic
      adjustment of the forehead defect using homoplastic bone].

PMID- 1100269
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Milos Sovak, M.D., Ph.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1100270
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Michal Suster].

PMID- 1100271
TI  - [The position of asthmatic children within groups of children].

PMID- 1100272
TI  - [Significance of E. coli and additional mechanisms in the pathogenesis of
      diarrhea in children and young animals].

PMID- 1100273
TI  - [Serological examination methods in the diagnosis of pyelonephritis].

PMID- 1100274
TI  - [Statistical study of social indices in children now over 15 years old, treated
      for infantile cerebral palsy in 3 therapeutic institutions].

PMID- 1100275
TI  - [Anniversary of Prof. Z. Hlouskova, C.Sc].

PMID- 1100276
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Josef Svejda, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1100277
TI  - [Current status of implantology in dentistry].

PMID- 1100278
TI  - [60th birthday of Assistant Prof. Robert Rus, D.D.S., C.Sc].

PMID- 1100279
TI  - [30-years of the Czechoslovak Stomatological Society].

PMID- 1100280
TI  - [30-years of under-graduate education in dentistry in Czechoslovakia].

PMID- 1100281
TI  - [Lichen ruber planus. Comprehensive review].

PMID- 1100282
TI  - [In memory of Karel Breuer, M.D].

PMID- 1100283
TI  - Studies on polysaccharides from Serratia marcescens. II. On the structures of
      serratigen and serratimannan.

PMID- 1100284
TI  - Synthesis of a highly potent analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH
      RH): (Des-Gly-nh2(10), pro-NH-Et9)-LH-RH.

PMID- 1100285
TI  - Interaction of water with egg lecithin in benzene solution.
AB  - Benzene solutions of purified egg lecithin, with small amounts of water added,
      have been examined by 60 MGz and 100 MHz NMR spectroscopy, infrared
      spectrophotometry and phase contrast microscopy. The transverse relaxation times
      of the water, N-methyl and O--H protons are dependent on water concentration.
      This dependence changes sharply for the water proton at a level of one water
      molecule per lecithin monohydrate molecule. These results do not fully agree with
      those reported by other workers. Four mathematical models are examined which
      could account for the behaviour of the water protons. Models which assume a
      constant transverse relaxation time for water protons above a level of one water
      molecule per lecithin molecule cannot predict the behaviour observed. It is
      sufficient to assume that water protons above this concentration have a single
      relaxation time which is a linear function of water concentration. The added
      water associates primarily with the phosphate in the lecithin head group. Above
      nine water molecules per lecithin monohydrate molecule free water is present in
      the system.

PMID- 1100286
TI  - [What was the fate of patients with leprosy during the plague pandemia in the
      middle ages (1348-1350)].
AB  - The author thinks that, if lepra has suddenly decreased in Europe from the 14th
      century, it is because the most severe cases, i.e. the most contagious ones,
      disappeared during the hecatombs caused between 1348 and 1350 by the "Black
      Death", the black plague, which took most often the pulmonary form. The author
      disproves the opinion of those who think that lepers died from plague. He thinks
      that lepers' death was secondary to that of the monks who, at this time, cared
      for these outcases, and thanks to their self-sacrifice permitted these lepers'
      survival. The monks were more exposed to contagion; obliged by their vocation and
      by pope's command to help the dyings and to give them sacraments, they were
      obliged to leave lepers to their fate. Like domestic animals, the latter died of
      hunger probably, any corpse or carcass being considered as plague victims.
      Supporting this opinion, the author reports his observations at Madagascar, where
      no leper of the leper-houses of Madascar center, a plague focus still to-day but
      very active between 1922 and 1936, contracted plague. On the other hand,
      experiments with "leprous" rats (Stefansky bacillus) showed a significant
      resistance of these animals to an experimental plague infection.

PMID- 1100287
TI  - [Duration of action of the pyrimethamine-sulfametopyrazine combination in a
      Plasmodium falciparum endemic zone].
AB  - The duration of action of the drug Antemal, a combination of Pyrimethamine and
      Sulfametopyrazine, was eveluated in Bobo-Dioulasso, Upper Volta, West Africa, and
      endemic zone for Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The study was held during the
      season of maximum malaria transmission. 79 persons presenting with an acute
      attack of malaria were studied; 37 persons received a single dose of chloroquine
      sulfate (Nivaquine), at a dose of 15 mg./kg.; 42 persons received a single dose
      of Antemal at a dose of one tablet (75 mg. of Pyrimethamine and 25 mg. of
      Sulfametopyrazine) per 10 kg. Clinical and parasitological studies of all
      subjects occurred on days one, two, three, 10, 17, 24 and 31. Only one of 37
      (2.7%) subjects on Antemal had a reappearance of trophozoites, occurring on day
      17. Eight of 42 (19.0%) patients taking nivaquine had reappearance of
      trophozoites, observed between day 23 and 31. Gametocytes were observed in eight
      of 37 (21.6 %) persons on Antemal and in only one of 42 (2.3 %) persons on
      Nivaquine. These observations suggest an extended duration of protection from
      Antemal in semi-immune individuals. Nivaquine appeared as a potent inhibitor of
      gametocytogenesis.

PMID- 1100288
TI  - Tissue vitamin B-12 assay by a radioisotope dilution technique.
AB  - A method is described for the measurement of vitamin B-12 (B-12) in solid tissues
      by radioisotope dilution (RID) assay. The method is a modivication using double
      extraction of a serum B-12 RID assay which uses chicken serum as the B-12 binder.
      The method was developed and tested using human and bat liver specimens. Double
      extraction was shown to be more efficient than single extraction, and resulted in
      complete release of endogenous liver [57Co] B-12 administered to bats. Results
      using the RID assay in 16 humans and 17 bat liver specimens were compared with
      those obtained using the Lactobacillus leichmannii microbiological assay.
      Correlation was good, but the RID assay gave higher results using the
      microbiological assay appear to be due to inadequate extraction of B-12 from
      tissues.

PMID- 1100289
TI  - Gonadotrophin hormone releasing tests in women receiving hormonal contraception.
AB  - Gonadotrophin secretion by the pituitary was tested by i.v. injections of
      synthetic LH and FSH releasing hormone (LHRH) in five normal women between day 21
      and day 25 of the luteal phase of the cycle, in twelve women receiving
      contraception with i.m. injection of medroxyprogesterone acetate and in eight
      women taking combined oral contraceptives of different varieties. Treatment with
      oral contraceptives led to a decrease or even to complete suppression of the
      response and possibly the reserve capacity of both LH and FSH secretions.
      Treatment with medroxyprogesterone acetate for several years lowered basal serum
      LH and FSH as did oral contraceptives but had much less effect on the responses
      to LRH. In long-term steroid contraception, progestogens alone seem to exert much
      less deleterious effect on gonadotrophin function than when used in combination
      with an oestrogen.

PMID- 1100290
TI  - The effect of progesterone and FSH and LH response to LHRH in normal women.
AB  - An LHRH test was performed on twenty-eight regularly menstruating females during
      follicular phase of their cycles. Twenty-four were then given an intramuscular
      injection of progesterone in oil and retested with LHRH 20 or 44 h later, the
      remaining four received no pretreatment and acted as controls. The twelve
      subjects retested 20 h after the progesterone injection showed marked changes in
      response. The greatest increase in gonadotrophin release after LHRH was seen when
      subjects were tested between days 8 and 10 of the menstrual cycle. In contrast,
      the twelve studied 44 h after receiving the steroid showed no change in release.

PMID- 1100291
TI  - Improving nasopharyngeal cultures in office practice. Description of a simple
      inexpensive method for producing a CO2 environment.

PMID- 1100292
TI  - Isosorbide in the treatment of infantile hydrocephalus. Observations with a new
      drug.

PMID- 1100293
TI  - How dependable is diagnosis and management of earache by telephone?

PMID- 1100294
TI  - A field with a liver measles-mumps-rubella vaccine.
AB  - Three lots of Lirutrin (measles-mumps-rubella live, attenuated virus vaccine)
      were evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study involoving
      273 children. The vaccine consisted of a combination of Schwarz strain measles,
      Jeryl Lynn strain mumps, and Cendehill strain rubella vaccine viruses. The
      frequency of positive clinical findings was essentially the same in susceptiable
      vaccinees, immune vaccinees, and placebo recipients; indicating that the observed
      symptoms were not caused by the vaccine. Antibody assay of paired serum samples
      revealed that measles, mumps, and rubella seroconverison rates in triple
      susceptible vaccinees were excellent, ranging from 96 to 98 per cent with all
      three lots combined. Results of this study show that Lirutrin trivalent vaccine
      is well tolerated and highly effective.

PMID- 1100295
TI  - Cephalexin in the management of bacteriuria.
AB  - This report evaluates the effectiveness of cephalexin in the treatment of
      bacteriuria in 93 children. Cephalexin therapy eradicated sensitive organisms in
      97 per cent of the cases regardless of recurrence, structural abnormality, or
      status of renal function. Nevertheless, recurrences with a new, resistant
      organism occurred significantly in certain patients, expecially those with major
      anatomic abnormalities, during a six-week follow-up period. The incidence of drug
      reactions was low.

PMID- 1100296
TI  - Tardive dyskinesia as a possible sequel of long-term therapy with phenothiazines.

PMID- 1100297
TI  - Food additives and hyperactivity.

PMID- 1100298
TI  - Comparison of cardiac effects of timolol and propranolol.
AB  - The cardiac effects of the beta-adrenergic blocking agent, timolol, were compared
      to those of propranolol after intravenous administration in 6 healthy male
      subjects. The effects of timolol and propranolol on maximal exercise-induced
      tachycardia were measured. Timolol was about ten times as potent as propranolol
      in antagonizing exercise-induced tachycardia. Dose-response curves to intravenous
      infusions of isoproterenol were obtained after three doses of each beta
      antagonist. Changes in myocardial contractility were assessed by cardiac systolic
      time intervals and were compared to the simultaneous changes in heart rate
      elicited by isoproterenol. For the 6 subjects, the mean potency ratios of timolol
      to propranolol as an antagonist of the chronotropic and inotropic effects of
      isoproterenol were 13.8 (+/-0.8) and 12.7 (+/-1.0), respectively. Neither timolol
      nor propranolol acted more selectively on beta-receptors affecting heart rate
      than on those influencing contractility.

PMID- 1100299
TI  - Effects of marihuana combined with secobarbital.
AB  - Twelve male volunteers smoked a marihuana cigarette prepared to deliver 0 or 25
      mug/kg tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) 50 min after ingesting a capsule containing
      either placebo or 150 mg/70 kg sodium secobarbital. Drugs were administered in a
      double-blind manner, and all treatments were assigned to each subject in a
      randomized complete block design. Objective and subjective tests designed to
      measure mental and motor performance indicated that marihuana impaired stability,
      hand-eye coordination, and mental performance. Secobarbital affected motor
      performance, manual coordination, and mental performance. In combination,
      marihuana and secobarbital had an additive effect on subjective responses and
      impairment in certain psychomotor performance tests.

PMID- 1100300
TI  - Triazolam in insomniac family practice patients.
AB  - Triazolam, 0.5 mg, a benzodiazepine with hypnotic properties, was compared to
      secobarbital, 100 mg, and placebo in a 1-wk study conducted with 100 insomniac
      family practice patients. Considerable sensitivity to differential treatment
      effects was demonstrated for these family practice patients as well as for a
      research methodology that combines a crossover design, permitting preference
      ratings, with a between-patient design. In almost all sleep parameters, assessed
      with a variety of subjective techniques, triazolam and secobarbital were shown to
      be significantly more effective than placebo. Triazolam was consistently and
      often significantly indicated to be a more effective hypnotic, particularly for
      reducing nocturnal awakening, than secobarbital. Analysis of self-report
      emotional distress data revealed that present insomniac patients were slightly
      more emotionally symptomatic than other nonpsychiatric populations. Triazolam was
      followed by the greatest and secobarbital the least relief of emotional symptoms
      and triazolam emerged as an especially effective hypnotic for initially more
      depressed insomniac patients. Present findings suggest that type and degree of
      emotional symptomatology may affect the response of insomniac patients to
      hypnotics.

PMID- 1100301
TI  - Penfluridol steady-state kinetics in psychiatric patients.
AB  - Twenty-two hospitalized schizophrenic patients, participating in a large-scale
      phase II double-blind dose-effect study (30, 60, and 120 mg weekly) of
      penfluridol, a new diphenylbutylpiperidine neuroleptic, were maintained on a
      regular dosage regimen for 13 wk. Several blood samples were taken during the
      last dosage interval. Results show that the peak concentration develops within 12
      hr after the last dose. A rapid decline, probably due to tissue re-equilibration,
      then occurs and is followed by a much slower falloff. Detectable concentrations
      168 hr after administration are consistent with the long duration of action of
      penfluridol. Statistically significant differences between doses were found in
      the analysis of variance of plasma concentrations at all sampling times and in
      mean steady-state plasm concentrations. Wide differences in plasma concentrations
      were noted in patients receiving the same absolute dose, but a good relationship
      was defined between mean steady-state concentration and the dose expressed as mg
      per either kg of body weight or square meter of body surface area.

PMID- 1100302
TI  - Bioavailability of dexamethasone. II. Dexamethasone phosphate.
AB  - Plasma levels of dexamethasone phosphate (DP) and dexamethasone free alcohol (DA)
      were determined by a modification of existing radioimmunoassay methodology
      following intravenous administration of DP in man. Areas under DA plasma profiles
      were a linear function of DP dosage over the 40-fold range 0.05 to 2.0 mg/kg,
      and, by comparison with values obtained after DA was intravenously administered,
      indicated an overall conversion of DP to DA of 90%. The first-order rate constant
      for the conversion, 4.03 hr-1, was approximately 25 times that for hydrolysis in
      whole blood incubated in vitro. This relationship as well as disposition kinetics
      suggested that the major component of DP hydrolysis occurs within highly perfused
      organ(s) comprising the central kinetic compartment. Eighteen subjects were
      studied in a crossover experiment, and no significant differences were observed
      in best-fit parameters for the 4 mg/ml parenteral solution of DP in current use
      and an experimental high potency preparation of 24 mg/ml.

PMID- 1100303
TI  - Suppression of cortisol by a progestational steroid, melengestrol.
AB  - Melengestrol, a steroid with progestational activity but with a structure that
      does not resemble that of cortisol, suppresses plasma cortisol in humans with a
      potency 1/40th that of dexamethasone. The 6alpha-methyl and 17alpha-acetoxy
      substituents and the 6,7 double bond of melengestrol acetate are known to slow
      the metabolism of similar steroids. Insertion of a 6alpha-methyl group markedly
      increases the glucocorticoid activity of 17alpha-OH-progesterone. The
      glucocorticoid activity of melengestrol is presumably attributable to the large
      dose administered in our study, its slow metabolism and limitations of the
      specificity of glucocorticoid tissue receptors.

PMID- 1100304
TI  - Correlation of plateau serum salicylate level with rate of salicylate metabolism.
AB  - The range of plateau serum salicylate concentrations was 4.4 to 33 mg/100 ml in
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis after they were treated with 50 mg/kg of
      aspirin daily for 5 days. Individual plateau serum levels correlated better with
      urinary excretion rates of the metabolite, salicylurate (whose maximum production
      is capacity-limited), than with total urinary excretion of salicylates. These
      observations suggest that large intersubject variations in plateau serum
      salicylate levels are determined, at least in part, by similar differences in the
      maximum rates of capacity-limited metabolic reactions. For optimal therapeutic
      responses, individualization of aspirin dosage by following serum salicylate
      levels is recommended.

PMID- 1100305
TI  - Pharmacokinetics of indomethacin.
AB  - Plasma concentrations of indomethacin have been studied in 5 healthy volunteers
      after single and multiple doses (25 mg intravenously [iv], 25, 50, and 100 mg
      orally, 100 mg rectally, and 25 mg three times daily [tid]. In 8 other normal
      subjects and in 5 patients a 50-mg oral dose of indomethacin was given and the
      indomethacin concentration was followed from 8 to 32 hr after dosing. All
      analyses were carried out using a new mass fragmentographic method. After oral
      and rectal doses the plasma decay of indomethacin was biphasic, and the data were
      interpreted according to a 2-compartment open model. The half-life of the beta
      phase varied between 2.6 and 11.2 hr. The volume of distribution ranged from 0.34
      to 1.57 L/kg and the plasma clearance from 0.044 to 0.109 L/kg/hr. There was no
      evidence of dose-dependent elimination. Indomethacin was rapidly and well
      absorbed after oral dosing with peak plasma concentrations within 2 hr.
      Comparison with the area under the curve (AUC) after iv dosing indicated complete
      bioavailability. The AUC after rectal dosing indicated complete bioavailability,
      but the rate of absorption was slower than after oral administration.
      Indomethacin, 25 mg three times daily, was also given for 9 days to the same
      normal subjects; equilibrium concentrations obtained did not differ significantly
      (p greater than 0.1) from those predicted from single-dose data in the 5
      subjects.

PMID- 1100306
TI  - Relative potency of prorenoate and spironolactone in normal man.
AB  - The potency of single doses of a new aldosterone antagonist, prorenoate, in
      reversing the renal effects of the synthetic mineralocorticoid fludrocortisone
      was compared to that of spironolactone in a double-blind balanced crossover study
      in 12 healthy subjects. The potency of prorenoate potassium as related to
      elevation of the urinary log 10 10 Na/K ratio (2.69:1) and as related to
      potassium retention (3.75:1) was significantly higher than that of
      spironolactone. Prorenoate produced greater natriuresis (1.64:1) but the
      difference was not significant. There was evidence for a qualitative difference
      between spironolactone and prorenoate; the latter significantly more potent in
      retaining potassium than in increasing sodium excretion. The simple methodology
      described is based on standard bioassay principles, yielded a valid and sensitive
      comparison of the two drugs, and should prove useful in the evaluation of other
      aldosterone antagonists.

PMID- 1100307
TI  - Temporal variations in acetaminophen and phenacetin half-life in man.
AB  - Acetaminophen (APAP) and phenacetin mean plasma half-lives were approximately 15%
      longer in normal male volunteers at 6 A.M. than at 2 P.M. as determined after
      oral administration of each drug at 6 A.M. and 2 P.M. Concentrations of plasma 11
      hydroxycorticoids (11-OHCS) in these volunteers were approximately 42% higher at
      6 A.M. than at 2 P.M. The mean apparent volume of distribution (aVd) of APAP
      decreased by approximately 13% from 6 A.M. to 2 P.M., whereas the mean metabolic
      clearance rate (MCR) of APAP did not change significantly. Neither the mean aVd
      nor the mean MCR of phenacetin changed significantly from 6 A.M. to 2 P.M.
      Measurement of urinary metabolites showed no alteration in APAP glucuronidation
      in the 8-hr period following APAP administration at 6 A.M. or 2 P.M., but
      indicated that after phenacetin administration 10% more of the dose was
      oxidatively metabolized to APAP during a 24-hr period beginning at 2 P.M. than at
      6 A.M. Within each subject, plasma acetaminophen or phenacetin half-life at 2
      P.M. or 6 A.M. was highly reproducible, but large interindividual variations
      occurred in the extent of temporal variation during this period.

PMID- 1100308
TI  - Bioavailability and single-dose pharmacokinetics of intramuscular phenytoin.
AB  - Comparison of phenytoin plasma concentrations in an intravenous and intramuscular
      crossover study in 12 healthy ambulant, male subjects indicates that phenytoin
      administered intramuscularly is absorbed over a period of approximately five
      days. A model simulating precipitation and redissolution of the drug at the
      injection site has been shown to satisfactorily fit observed plasma concentration
      data following intramuscular administration. It is proposed that this model will
      be useful in the selection of an appropriate dosing regimen in situations in
      which intramuscular administration of phenytoin is indicated.

PMID- 1100309
TI  - Combination 6-mercaptopurine-adriamycin in refractory adult acute leukemia.
AB  - Remission induction therapy with 6MP and adriamycin in combination was
      administered to 19 adult leukemic patients refractory to previous therapy. Eight
      patients also received vincristine and prednisone. Thirteen patients had acute
      myelogenous leukemia, 3 undifferentiated leukemia, and 3 blastic transformation
      of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Four patients achieved remission but in only 2
      were the remissions complete. Eleven patients failed to respond. Ten of the 19
      patients developed unexpected severe liver toxicity manifested by a clinical
      picture of cholestasis (in the majority) or ascending cholangitis (in 2
      patients). In the postmortem examination of 8 patients there was cholestasis and
      mild to severe hepatocellular damage in all.

PMID- 1100310
TI  - Effects of ticlopidine, a new platelet aggregation inhibitor in man.
AB  - Ticlopidine is a new platelet aggregation inhibitor. The effect of this drug was
      studied on 55 subjects, healthy volunteers and hospitalized patients. The action
      requires 24 to 48 hr to appear, and lasts more than 3 days. A dose-effect
      relationship was studied with oral daily doses ranging from 250 to 1,000 mg
      during 1 wk; it showed a 50% inhibition on adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced
      aggregation at 2 muM concentration on an oral daily dose of 450 mg. No action was
      found on collagen-induced aggregation, and a mild effect was observed on platelet
      adhesiveness. Clinical tolerance was assessed in patients given ticlopidine in
      oral doses up to 500 mg/day during several weeks, showing no overt side effects
      and no change in the safety parameters.

PMID- 1100311
TI  - Conference on toxicology-epidemiology-health effects of pesticides. A review of
      the problem.

PMID- 1100312
TI  - Alcohol inhibition of protein synthesis.

PMID- 1100313
TI  - Three-dimensional image reconstruction from in vivo consecutive transverse axial
      sections.

PMID- 1100314
TI  - Feature evaluation for automated cancer cell identification.

PMID- 1100315
TI  - The evolution of dehydrogenases and kinases.

PMID- 1100316
TI  - Statistical time events in enzymes: a physical assessment.

PMID- 1100317
TI  - The role of solvent interactions in protein conformation.

PMID- 1100318
TI  - Basile J. Luyet: in memoriam.

PMID- 1100319
TI  - Effects of freezing and thawing on glycerol mutants of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1100320
TI  - Supercooling and nucleation of ice in single cells.

PMID- 1100321
TI  - Curriculum vitae: Luyet BJ.

PMID- 1100322
TI  - The carboxylesterases/amidases of mammalian liver and their possible
      significance.

PMID- 1100323
TI  - Galactose-specific messenger ribonucleic acid contents in Escherichia coli:
      effect of inducer, gene dosage and galactose genotype.
AB  - Galactose specific mRNA (gal-mRNA) and galactokinase were measured in strains of
      E.coli with varying numbers of copies of the galactose operon. While the fucose
      induction the amount of gal mRNA has been found to be proportional to the content
      of galactokinase and to the gene frequency, with galactose induction this was not
      the case. It is suggested that this is a result of the metabolism of galactose
      leading to catabolite repression. The amounts of gal-mRNA and galactokinase were
      also measured in a series of polar mutants. With increasing polarity, there was a
      greater effect on enzyme content than on gal-mRNA. This suggests that the effect
      of polarity on RNA is the result of degradation after synthesis rather than
      prevention of transcription. A method of correlating hybridisation data with the
      genetic map is described.

PMID- 1100324
TI  - Oral diazoxide treatment of severe arterial hypertension.

PMID- 1100325
TI  - Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. Electron microscopic, immunofluorescent, and
      iron kinetic studies.
AB  - The clinical course of a 37-year-old white man with idiopathic pulmonary
      hemosiderosis is presented. This patient is unusual in that he has had repeated
      exacerbations and remissions over a period of seven years and remains currently
      in spontaneous remission with no therapy. Routine sections of the lung biopsy
      revealed characteristec findings. Immunofluorescence staining of the lung was
      negative, and electron microscopic studies showed only nonspecific findings.
      While in remission, 51chromium-labelled red-blood-cell survival studies and
      59iron kinetic studies were performed; the results were normal.

PMID- 1100326
TI  - [Left encapculated chronic suppurative pleurisy due to an impalement of unknown
      origin].

PMID- 1100327
TI  - [Aneurysms of the superior mesenteric artery. A case of aneurysm of the trunk of
      the superior mesenteric artery, probably of congenital origin].

PMID- 1100328
TI  - [A method of palliative tendon transposition in the paralysis of opposition of
      the thumb].

PMID- 1100329
TI  - [A case of chylothorax consecutive to a closed vertebro-costal trauma].

PMID- 1100331
TI  - Independence, scale and experiment: the experience of the Ciba Foundation.

PMID- 1100330
TI  - [Necrotizing amebic colitis].

PMID- 1100332
TI  - Foundation and their fields.

PMID- 1100333
TI  - The special role and problems of a foundation established by the State.

PMID- 1100334
TI  - Drug induced extrapyramidal effects--a review.

PMID- 1100335
TI  - Diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous fungus diseases.

PMID- 1100336
TI  - [Kidney transplantation in children].

PMID- 1100337
TI  - [Fungal infections after renal transplantation (author's transl)].
AB  - 21 of 41 patients developed clinically manifest or systemic Candida albicans
      infection 1-36 months after renal transplantation. Asymptomatic candiduria was
      diagnosed in all patients even before the onset of clinical symptoms. Fungal
      stomatitis was the most frequent clinical sign, followed by mycotic changes in
      the respiratory, genito-urinary (vaginitis) and gastro-intestinal tract. In five
      cases intrahepatic biliary stasis was diagnosed in the course of a Candida
      albicans septicaemia. In 12 patients with renal transplants it was possible, by
      treatment with nystatin, clotrimazole, flucytosine, miconazole and amphotericine
      B to control a generalized or clinically manifest Candida albicans infection.
      Three died of the septicaemia or meningoencephalitis, six as the result of
      bacterial superinfections. Inspection of the mouth is an important means of early
      diagnosing fungal infections. Antimycotic treatment should be started if fungal
      cultures from urine are repeatedly positive even if the clinical findings are
      still negative.

PMID- 1100338
TI  - [Indirect immunofluorescence in the serological diagnosis of chronic
      pyelonephritis (comparison with indirect haemagglutination and the Widal reaction
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Using indirect immunofluorescence, o-antibodies against the homologous causative
      organism were determined in 119 adults with chronic pyelonephritis, during a one
      to two-and-a-half year period. Humoral antibodies were determined in the same
      group of patients with the Widal reaction and indirect haemagglutination. The
      results were compared with those in a group of adults without renal disease,
      using the same serological reactions. In adults with chronic pyelonephritis the
      antibody titre (by immunofluorescence) was above normal limits (as obtained in
      the healthy group) in 63.1%. The corresponding results for the Widal reaction and
      indirect haemagglutination reaction were 16.5% and 12, respectively. Indirect
      immunofluorescence is thus clearly better than the other two serological methods
      in the diagnosis of chronic pyelonephritis.

PMID- 1100339
TI  - [Behavior-biological aspects in psychiatric research].

PMID- 1100340
TI  - [Discovery of the colera pathogen].

PMID- 1100342
TI  - [Side-effects of L-dopa therapy].

PMID- 1100341
TI  - [Carcinoid: diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1100343
TI  - [Emil von Behring and the induction of active and passive vaccination].

PMID- 1100344
TI  - [Discovery of tetanus bacilli].

PMID- 1100346
TI  - [Effects of bridge parts on the gingiva].
AB  - Over the past few years, preparation and insertion of a dental bridges have been
      considerably modified and rationalized due to new methods and techniques. The
      former requirements the shape of pontics hat to meet are no longer fully valid.
      The behavior of the various materials (metals, resins, ceramics) in the mouth and
      especially towards the gingiva has been tested sufficiently. Knowledge regarding
      the functional conditions (flushing of the gingiva underneath bridges, turgor,
      abutment mobility, pulsation) has considerably increased in the past few years.
      Therefore recommendations regarding the shaping of pontics can be formulated that
      meet the anatomic, physiologic, and hygienic conditions as well as the esthetic
      wishes of the patients.

PMID- 1100347
TI  - [Clinical study on the contact between the partial denture and the alveolar
      process].
AB  - 53 clinically prepared bridges were examined with regard to the resting position
      of the bridge body on the alveolar ridge, before they were finally cemented. It
      was to be tested whether the ideal requirements of punctate or linear pressure
      less resting was met and if not, how big the portion of the base resting on the
      gingiva was as compared to the total base. All bridge bodies were resting on the
      alveolar ridge without exerting pressure but with a more or less broad base. In
      42 out of the 66 examined cases, the bridge body was in a 50 to 100% contact with
      the mucosa.

PMID- 1100345
TI  - Antibacterial drugs today. I.
AB  - Since the development of the sulphonamides in the 1930s and the subsequent
      development of antibiotics from the 1940s onwards, there have now been many drugs
      developed which are capable of chemotherapeutic activity in a patient infected by
      a susceptible micro-organism. This review is concerned with precise descriptions
      of important groups of antimicrobial drugs, with emphasis being placed on the
      more recently developed drugs. With each group of drugs the pharmacology, major
      therapeutic indications, dosages and adverse reactions are discussed. Part I of
      the article discusses the sulphonamides, the natural and semi-synthetic
      penicillins, cotrimoxazole, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, the macrolides,
      lincomycin and clindamycin, fusidic acid, and the urinary antiseptics. The place
      of each in therapy is defined.

PMID- 1100348
TI  - [Chemical analysis of methacrylate plastics].
AB  - It was the object of this study to find quick but exact methods for determining
      the components of quickly setting methacrylate materials for dentures, dental
      fillings (PMMA) and for bone surgery. Furthermore, lower-molecular components
      still being present in the hardened resin were tested. By measuring refraction
      index and by infrared spectrum and gas-chromatographical analyses the composition
      of the liquid is obtained. Dimethyl-p-toluidine, hydrochinon and cross-linking
      agents were determined spectrophotometrically. Filling agents, pigments,
      plasticizers and soluble components of the powder were determined
      gravimetrically. The presence of polystyrol is established by infrared analysis,
      that of benzoyl peroxide by spectroscopic analysis. As to the hardened material,
      the molecular weight is determined by viscosity measurements and the molecular
      weight distribution by gel permeability measurements. Residual monomer is found
      by gas chromatography.

PMID- 1100349
TI  - [Findings on the functional planning of dentures].
AB  - Analysis of over 20,000 prosthetic treatments carried out in the area of one
      association of dentists working under the compulsory public health insurance plan
      shows that prior to the conclusion of the new financial agreements on
      prosthetics, a treatment plan based on the findings and aiming at appropriate
      functional rehabilitation had been prepared in half of all the cases only.

PMID- 1100350
TI  - [Follow-up studies on model cast prostheses after 4 years wear].
AB  - Over a period of 4-1/2 years, patients having model cast dentures that had been
      inserted in the dental office were checked and submitted to follow-ups. It became
      evident that the socalled pre-prosthetical measures had been performed in a non
      satisfying manner. In 69% of the patients, teeth had been extracted directly
      before inserting the model cast denture. As a result thereof, a majority of the
      dentures was sagging after a relatively short time and 70% of the dentures
      revealed non-occlusion in the final follow-up. 47% of the dentures had to be
      modified because of necessary tooth extractions, thereby reducing the original
      number of abutment teeth by 19%. About a third of the inserted model cast
      dentures showed gross deficiences, the percentage of socalled "collar"
      constructions was relatively high.

PMID- 1100351
TI  - [A data storage system in computer dialog for dental prosthetics].
AB  - It is reported on a data processing system with computer dialogue for the
      "standardized sheet of findings". The computer-readable form, improved error
      control, and optimum evaluation possibilities are emphasized as special
      advantages. Simple handling and optimum data protection permit to have this
      system operated by trained laymen.

PMID- 1100352
TI  - [Shape of the denture base and self-cleaning].
AB  - It is reported on the relationship between the extent of the gap between teeth
      and denture and the formation of plaque.

PMID- 1100353
TI  - [Measurement of the pressure in dental casting].
AB  - The tests showed that the pressure exerted on the tooth stump and the surrounding
      tissue is determined by the consistency of the impression material, the amount
      escaping from the impression tray, the adaptation pressure and adaptation speed.
      The original consistency of the impression material without exposure to a
      catalyst is an especially important factor. If the material has a flow limit
      (e.g. Optosil with or without catalyst) it is exerting pressure in any case and
      this pressure continues even after setting. Impression materials without flow
      limit (e.g. Silaplast without catalyst) produce practically no pressure. Only by
      the activity of the catalyst a flow limit develops and thus pressure is produced.

PMID- 1100354
TI  - [Development of an internal cooling mechanism for surgical drills].
AB  - An interior liquid cooling method was developed for surgical burs and tested in
      animal experiments as well as during the treatment of patients. The method
      ensures excellent cooling of the bone during surgical treatment.

PMID- 1100355
TI  - [Immediate prosthetic management of surgically treated maxillary lesions].
AB  - In accordance with a method previously published - in which undercut areas in the
      region of resection are utilized for retaining the denture - a modified method is
      presented permitting immediate prosthetical care for operated maxillary defects
      despite fresh wound surfaces and constrictio maxillarum.

PMID- 1100356
TI  - [Jaw metastasis of sympathicoblastoma].
AB  - Using the example of a sympathicoblastoma metastasizing into the jaw, the
      symptomatology of this rare location of metastases is outlined. Jaw metastases of
      sympathicoblastomas occur in greater numbers only in children in the age of 2.5
      to 5 years. Osteolytic jaw defects and unexplainable loosening of permanent
      molars in children should give rise to detailed examination with regard to the
      possible existence of a metastasizing malignant tumor (especially neuroblastoma).
      Despite a solitary metastasis, early diagnosis might have a decisive influence on
      the otherwise lethal course of the disease.

PMID- 1100357
TI  - [Bibliography of the writings of Johann Franz Gallette (1774-1838), dentist in
      Mainz].

PMID- 1100358
TI  - [The decalcification of teeth for histological studies by means of ultrasonics].
AB  - In order to accelerate decalcification of hard tissues for histological
      examinations, the additional application of ultrasonics is sometimes recommended.
      Comparative studies show that decalcification is not acclerated by ultrasonics.

PMID- 1100359
TI  - [Clinical studies on a sodium monofluorophosphate toothpaste in school children].
AB  - Random tests made in school children of the Ludwigsburg district showed that
      after 3 years of uncontrolled use, the number of new DMF surfaces is smaller in
      children using Na2PO3F toothpaste and regularly cleaning their teeth than in the
      corresponding placebo groups. The caries-inhibiting effect was statistically
      significant (significance level p=0.05%). The increase in caries impact in school
      children regularly but insufficiently cleaning their teeth was also significant
      in the placebo groups.

PMID- 1100360
TI  - [Quantitative determination of the gingival sulcus fluid by means of
      microcapillaries].
AB  - Evaluation of the quantity and quality of crevicular fluid has become
      increasingly important in the past few years. Amount and composition of the
      gingival exudate reflects the physical condition of the gingival margin. For
      drawing off the gingival fluid primarily filter paper stripes are recommended.
      Some authors use microcapillaries made of glass. For facilitating measurements on
      the fluid a special method is described using standardized glass pipettes for
      collecting the gingival exudate.

PMID- 1100361
TI  - [Statistical analysis of the activity of loxapine and thioridazine in a double
      blind study].
AB  - 49 patients have been treated for 12 weeks with loxapine and thioridazine in a
      double-blind study. The evaluation was carried out with a covariance analysis
      with B.P.R.S. and NOSIE as bases and a variance analysis concerning the general
      clinical improvement. With 36 schizophrenics, the two treatments have shown
      significant and similar general improvement as early as the second week, and this
      in particular with all the factors and most of the items of the B.P.R.S. with 13
      psychotic not schizophrenic patients, the covariance analysis showed that the
      results (improvement of all the factors, with most of the items and in the total
      score of the B.P.R.S.), while comparable, were slightly in favour of loxapine for
      the item "disorientation", for "disturbance of thought", and "excitement
      disorientation", for the final score of B.P.R.S., for the general and clinical
      improvement and for the alteration of the initial degree of severity. The
      analysis of the NOSIE showed a significant improvement which is similar for both
      treatments.

PMID- 1100362
TI  - Age-related changes in pituitary responsiveness to LHRH in the female rat.
AB  - Serum LH changes in response to LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) injection were
      measured in young (4-6 month-old) proestrous, estrous, and second-day-diestrous
      rats and in aged(23-30-month-old) constant estrous and irregular pseudopregnant
      (prolonged diestrus) female Long-Evans rats. Serum LH was measured by
      radioimmunoassay in serial blood samples taken before and at 15, 30 and 60 min
      after injection of 0, 5, 50 or 500 ng of LHRH. Serum LH also was assayed in
      similar groups of rats acutely pretreated with either 20 mug of estradiol
      benzoate (EB) or 5 mg of progesterone. Aged rats showed a smaller increase in
      serum LH following LHRH injection than the young groups. Within the young groups,
      the magnitude of response was greater in proestrous and estrous rats than in the
      diestrous animals. Pretreatment with EB resulted in increased serum LH after LHRH
      injection in young estrous and diestrous rats and in aged constant estrous rats,
      but did not alter serum LH levels in the aged pseudopregnant rats. Although the
      inccrease in serum LH after LHRH injection was greater in all young groups given
      progesterone pretreatment, progesterone pretreatment did not affect LHRH
      responsiveness in either of the aged groups. These results suggest that with
      aging, the pituitary becomes less capable of relasing LH in response to acute
      LHRH stimulation, and that the pituitaries of aged rats are less responsive to
      gonadal steroid sensitization to LHRH stimulation.

PMID- 1100363
TI  - Immunoreactive gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gn-RH) during maturation in the
      rat: Ontogeny of regional hypothalamic differences.
AB  - The developmental appearance of immunoreactive gonandotropin releasing hormone
      (Gn-RH) was measured by radioimmunoassay in male and female rats from the 12th
      day of gestation to adulthood. Gn-RH content of the whole hypothalamus of both
      sexes increased from birth to 21 days of age. By the 28th day, Gn-RH content in
      females had approximately reached adult levels, while that in males continued to
      increase. Adult male rats exhibited significantly higher levels than adult
      females. The ontogeny of the regional differences previously observed in cycling
      female rats (4) was also studied. Regional analysis of Gn-RH development was
      characterized in the anterior hypothalamus by the rapid attainment of adult
      levels by day 7. In striking contrast, in the mid-hypothalamic region, Gn-RH
      content increased gradually, rising dramatically just prior to vaginal opening.
      The developmental pattern of Gn-RH content is consistent with the maturation of
      those hypothalamic structures concerned with synthesis, transport and storage of
      Gn-RH. The regional patterns observed may thus represent sequential maturation of
      the neural pathways involved.

PMID- 1100364
TI  - Radioimmunoassay for luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in plasma.
AB  - A sensitive and specific double antibody radioimmunoassay has been developed
      capable of measuring LH-RH in extracted human plasma. Thyrotropin releasing
      hormone, lysine vasopressin and most of LH-RH analogues did not appear to affect
      the assay. Hypothalamic extract and some of the LH-RH analogues produced
      displacement curves which were parallel to that obtained with the synthetic LH
      RH. Sensitivity of the radioimmunoassay was about 3 pg per assay tube. The
      coefficient of variation of intraassay was 6.4%, while that of interassay was
      9.6%. Exogenous LH-RH could be quantitatively extracted by acidic ethanol when
      varying amounts of synthetic LH-RH were added to plasma. Immunoreactivity of LH
      RH was preserved in plasma until 2 hr in the cold and gradually reduced
      thereafter. The plasma levels in LH-RH were 20 pg/ml or less in normal adults and
      not detectable in children. The aged males over 60 yr and postmenopausal women
      showed a tendency to have higher levels of plasma LH-RH. Plasma LH-RH level was
      significantly higher in midcycle than in follicular and luteal stages. The
      disappearance rate of LH-RH from the circulation after intravenous injection
      could be represented as half times of 4-6 min. Between 0.2-0.4% of the injected
      dose was excreted into urine within 1 hr. These results indicate that the
      determination of LH-RH might be a useful tool for elucidating hypothalamic
      pituitary-gonad interactions.

PMID- 1100365
TI  - [Studies on long-term irradiated rats using clomiphenedihydrogen citrate, LH and
      LH-RH].
AB  - The influence of clomiphene, LH and LH-RH on vaginal cycle and ovarian function
      in mature rats, which had been exposed to continuous light in order to block the
      cyclic sexual centre, was examined by different doses. While ovulation was
      obtained by administration of LH and LH-RH, clomiphene showed no effect. It may
      be assumed that the central mode of action of the "ovulation inducing effect" of
      clomiphene is mediated by stimulation of the cyclic sexual centre in the anterior
      hypothalamus.

PMID- 1100366
TI  - Ultrastructure of rat pituitary gonadotrophs after injection of synthetic
      luteinizing hormone releasing factor (LRF).
AB  - The effects of intracarotid injection of synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing
      factor (LRF) on the ultrastructure of pituitary gonadotrophs are reported.
      Chronically ovariectomized rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain pretreated with
      oestradiol and progesterone were sacrificed at zero time and at 30, 120 min after
      injection of 1 mug of synthetic LRF. A careful observation was made for evidence
      of granule extrusion from gonadotrophs following intracarotid injection of LRF,
      but no signs of granule extrusion were demonstrated. However, granule migration
      to the periphery of the cell was observed 30 min after LRF injection and the
      distribution of secretory granules recovered 2 hours after injection. The result
      of ultrastructural observations suggests that LRF plays an important role in
      releasing and synthesizing gonadotrophins in pituitary gonadotrophs. Further
      investigations should elucidate more clearly the morphologic aspect of mode of
      LRF action in pituitary gonadotrophs.

PMID- 1100367
TI  - [30th anniversary of the Department of Endocrinology of the Medical Academy in
      Lodz].

PMID- 1100368
TI  - Health effects of vinyl chloride monomer: an annotated literature collection.

PMID- 1100369
TI  - Lead in danes. Historical and toxicological studies.

PMID- 1100370
TI  - Lead in the environment - origins, pathways and sinks.
AB  - 1. Lead is a natural constituent of the environment. 2. In many urban areas, the
      principal source of elevated lead in soils is the weathering of paint on houses.
      3. Burning of lead in gasoline is the main source of lead in air in many areas.
      This lead is removed by sedimentation and in rainfall and snowfall. 4. Soil and
      sediments are the ultimate sinks for lead. 5. Man receives an average of about
      300 mug of lead per day in his food, but the range is between 100 and 400 mug. 6.
      The natural concentration of lead in food resulting from the natural lead content
      of soil is a few tenths of a microgram per gram of wet plant material. 7. Present
      concentrations of lead in air do not measurably increase the lead content of the
      edible portion of most plants. 8. A several-fold increase in lead in soil does
      not measurably change the concentration of lead in plants. 9. Leafy portions of
      plants near busy highways contain higher concentrations of lead. 10. Rainwater
      does not appear to be a significant source of lead in crops.

PMID- 1100371
TI  - Fluorescence studies on the interaction between yeast seryl-tRNA synthetase and
      its substrates.
AB  - Substrate-induced variations in the native fluorescence of seryl-tRNA synthetase
      from yeast have been used to evaluate the binding equilibria with its ligands.
      Binding of L-serine to the enzyme can be detected by equilibrium dialysis but not
      by fluorescence quenching. Hence, in contrast to ATP and tRNA(Ser), L-serine does
      not induce any fluorescence-sensitive conformational change of the synthetase. A
      comparison of the binding constants for ATP (2 X10(4) M-1) and seryl adenylate (1
      x10(6) M-1) indicates that the activation reaction is mainly driven by the higher
      affinity of seryl adenylate to the enzyme. tRNA(Ser) and seryl-tRNA(Ser) though
      causing rather different maximal fluorescence quenching are bound to the enzyme
      with similar stoichiometry and association constant. The implications of this
      result are discussed with respect to the mechanism of the aminoacylation
      reaction. It is also shown that the enzyme clearly is capable of discriminating L
      serine from other amino acids, ATP from other nucleotidetriphosphates and AMP,
      and tRNA(SER) from other tRNA species in the binding processes. The spectral
      properties, the effects of outside quenchers and the fluorescence decay times of
      the free enzyme and the enzyme-substrate complexes are discussed with respect to
      the intercalation hypothesis of Helene.

PMID- 1100372
TI  - A study of codon-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA with the ribosomal 30-S
      subparticle of Escherichia coli. Determination of the active-particle fraction
      and binding constants in different media.
AB  - Titration of isolated Escherichia coli ribosomal 30-S particles with
      [14C]phenylalanyl-tRNA in the presence of poly(uridylic acid) was used for a
      quantitative assay of codon-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA with the small
      ribosomal subparticle. The technique has allowed the estimation both of the
      fraction of "active" 30-S subparticles capable of forming the 30-S - poly(U) -
      phenylalanyl-tRNA complexes and the equilibrium constants of phenylalanyl-tRNA
      binding in different media. Heterogeneity of the ternary complexes formed has
      been revealed: at least two classes of complexes differing in stability have been
      observed. The stability of the 30-S - poly(U) - phenylalanyl-tRNA complexes has
      been shown to decrease with the lowering of the Mg2+ concentration, the increase
      of K+ concentration and the addition of urea. The stability of the complexes
      increases with the increase of Mg2+ concentration, with the addition of ethanol
      and decrease of temperature. It is demonstrated that the fraction of actively
      binding 30-S particles also varies in different medium conditions; it decreases
      with the increase of ionic strength (K+) and with the addition of urea, and
      increases with the increase of Mg2+ concentration and addition of ethanol.

PMID- 1100373
TI  - The mode of action of pleuromutilin derivatives. Location and properties of the
      pleuromutilin binding site on Escherichia coli ribosomes.
AB  - Using equilibrium dialysis techniques it could be demonstrated that (a) the
      pleuromutilin derivative 14-deoxy-14[(2-diethylaminoethyl)-mercaptoacetoxy]
      dihydromutilin HCl binds to one site per ribosome specifically, (b) the binding
      constant is 1.3 times 10(7) M(-1) and (c) chloramphenicol and puromycin compete
      with binding of the pleuromutilin derivative. Similarly the nucleotides CpA and
      CpCpA also displace the unsaturated derivative of the above-mentioned
      pleuromutilin compound. These findings suggest that the ribosomal binding site
      for pleuromutilin overlaps with that for chloramphenicol and analogs of the 3'
      terminus of a tRNA, like puromycin or the nucleotides CpA and CpCpA.

PMID- 1100374
TI  - The mechanism of template activation by exonuclease V.
AB  - In crude extracts from Escherichia coli cells the ATP-dependent exonuclease V was
      found to be most active in converting double-stranded DNA into a suitable
      template for DNA polymerase. This phenomenon was studied in some detail with
      isolated exonuclease V and T7 DNA polymerase. We found that, at ATP
      concentrations arount 1 mM, the exonuclease produces a broad spectrum of DNA
      fragments. One class of fragments is largely single stranded with hydrogen-bonded
      small primer sequences. These structures allow the synthesis of remarkably
      homogeneous polynucleotide strands by T7 DNA polymerase.

PMID- 1100375
TI  - Molecular morphology of ribosomes. Iodination of Escherichia coli ribosomal
      proteins with solid-state lactoperoxidase.
AB  - Using either soluble or solid-state lactoperoxidase, a comparison was made
      between the enzymic iodination of ribosomal proteins iodinated as 30-S and 50-S
      subunits or as 70-S monosomes. Proteins S7, S11 and S12 of the 30-S subunit and
      proteins L2, L11, L26 and L28 of the 50-S subunit were labelled to a greater
      extent in isolated particles than in the 70-S ribosome. In contrast, proteins S4,
      S19 and S20 were labelled to a lesser extent in the isolated subunit. No
      significant differences were observed in the iodination patterns of ribosomes
      iodinated in the presence of soluble lactoperoxidase and those iodinated in the
      presence of lactoperoxidase bound to Sepharose 4B. It is suggested that the 30-S
      subunit undergoes a conformational change during its association with the 50-S
      subunit to form a 70-S monosome. Implications from results obtained with solid
      state lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination of ribosomal proteins are also
      discussed.

PMID- 1100376
TI  - Covalent attachment of DNA to agarose. Improved synthesis and use in affinity
      chromatography.
AB  - DNA has been covalently linked to insoluble matrices of agarose (Sepharose) in
      high yield using cyanogen bromide activation. Both double-stranded and single
      stranded DNA have been coupled with yields up to 225 nmol/mg dry weight Sepharose
      or 3-8 mumol nucleotide phosphate/ml bed volume. The DNA-Sepharose has been used
      for (a) the affinity chromatography of various enzymes (Escherichia coli DNA
      polymerase I and RNA polymerase) from crude extracts or after initial
      purification steps, resulting in high yields and degrees of purification, and for
      (b) nucleic acid hybridization. The DNA-Sepharose is stable to high temperature,
      prolonged storage, and in the case of single-stranded DNA, can be washed with
      NaOH to destroy nuclease activity and to release any digested oligonucleotides or
      mononucleotides.

PMID- 1100377
TI  - Sterol biosynthesis in yeast. 3-Hydorxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductase as
      a regulatory enzyme.
AB  - Anaerobically and aerobically grown yeast contains 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
      reductase, which is located in the mitochondrial fraction of the cell.
      Anaerobically grown yeast has a low specific activity of 3-hydroxy-3
      methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and a low sterol content. Aeration of this yeast in
      buffer, without growth, results in an increase in the specific activity of the
      enzyme, which is paralleled by an increase in the sterol content. This induction
      has an oscillatory profile with yeast grown anaerobically for 24 h and a linear
      pattern with cells grown anaerobically for 72 h. With the latter type of yeast,
      glucose is necessary for an induction, whereas with the other yeast an induction
      occurs with and without glucose. By an anaerobic incubation in buffer of the
      yeast grown anaerobically for 24 h, the oscillatory profile can be transformed
      into a linear one. The extent of induction of the reductase is strictly dependent
      on the concentration of glucose present. Sterols increase in whole cells, but
      they do not increase in the mitochondrial fraction. The induction of 3-hydroxy-3
      methylglutaryl-CoA reductase is strongly inhibited by cycloheximide, but is not
      affected by chloramphenicol. The induction of the enzyme is closely connected
      with the glucose metabolism of the cell; fructose, mannose, and ethanol can also
      induce the reductase.

PMID- 1100378
TI  - Mechanism of 2-deoxy-D-glucose inhibition of cell-wall polysaccharide and
      glycoprotein biosyntheses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The mechanism of inhibition by 2-deoxy-D-glucose of the synthesis of yeast wall
      polysaccharides and glycoproteins was investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      cells and protoplasts. The extent of the inhibition of mannan and glucan
      synthesis was found to be dependent on whether glucose or mannose was used as the
      carbon source in the medium. During growth on glucose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose
      inhibited more intensively mannan than glucan formation. Biosynthesis of wall
      glucan was strongly suppressed in mannose medium. Selective incorporation of 2
      deoxy-D-glucose occurred into that polysaccharide, synthesis of which was more
      inhibited under given conditions. Suggestive evidence has been obtained that the
      decisive factor for the proportion of glucan and mannan in the walls is the
      direction of glucose 6-phosphate/mannose 6-phosphate interconversion dependent on
      the exogeneous hexose. No close correlation was found between the inhibition of
      mannan synthesis and the appearance of the mannan-protein enzymes invertase and
      acid phosphatase. Effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose was therefore investigated on the
      parallel synthesis of protein, mannan and several extracellular and intracellular
      enzymes in protoplasts grown on glucose and mannose. The results obtained pointed
      out that the hindrance of the secretion of mannan-protein enzymes is of a complex
      nature and related more to the inhibition of synthesis of the protein moiety than
      to the inhibition of glycosylation. Synthesis of several enzymes was found to be
      a subject of a metabolic control by 2-deoxy-D-glucose or its metabolites.

PMID- 1100379
TI  - Quantitative binding of antibiotics to ribosomes from a yeast mutant altered on
      the peptidyl-transferase center.
AB  - Quantitative binding studies of [G-3H]anisomycin and [acetyl-14C]trichodermin to
      sensitive and resistant 80-S ribosomes from yeasts are described in this work. A
      single mutation, most probably affecting the ribosome peptidyl transferase
      centre, appears to have pleiotropic effects on the ribosome leading to resistance
      to trichodermin and anisomycin and to an increased sensitivity to sparsomycin.
      Resistance to trichodermin is due to a reduced affinity of ribosomes from the
      mutant for the antibiotic. Ribosomes from the sensitive strain (Y 1661 bind
      [acetyl-14C]trichodermin with a dissociation constant of 0.99 muM while those
      from the resistant one (TR1) bind [acetyl-14C]trichodermin with a dissociation
      constant of 15.4 muM. Similar results are obtained when the binding of [acetyl
      14C]trichodermin to Y 166 and TR1 60-S subunits is studied. The mutant TR1 is
      also resistant to anisomycin. Although trichodermin and anisomycin bind to the
      ribosome at mutually exclusive sites, the higher affinity binding of [G
      3H]anisomycin that is responsible for the inhibition of the peptidyl transferase
      center is practically identical for Y 166 and TR1 ribosomes. Therefore, the
      mutation in the ribosome leading to resistance to trichodermin and anisomycin
      decreases the affinity for trichodermin but not for anisomycin. Trichodermin,
      trichothecin and fusarenon X inhibit the binding of [G-3H]anisomycin to TR1
      ribosomes to a lower extent than to Y 166 ribosomes, suggesting that the
      resistance of TR1 ribosomes to the effects of trichothecin and fusarenon X is
      caused by a decrease in the affinity of the ribosomes for these drugs, as was
      seen with trichodermin. On the other hand, verrucarin A inhibits [G-3H]anisomycin
      binding to Y 166 and TR1 ribosomes to a similar extent and therefore its affinity
      for the ribosome does not appear to be affected by the mutation leading to
      resistance. Trichothecin, trichodermin and fusarenon X appear to have a common
      binding site on the 60-S ribosomal subunits, which overlaps or is closely linked
      to the binding sites of anisomycin and verrucarin A.

PMID- 1100380
TI  - Electrodialysis of lipopolysaccharides and their conversion to uniform salt
      forms.
AB  - Ions of low molecular weight like metal cations and basic amines are present in
      lipopolysaccharides regardless of the isolation procedure employed. They are
      present in salt form with the acidic groups of the molecule and, partly, bound by
      chelation. Electrodialysis which removed a large proportion of these basic
      materials led to acidic lipopolysaccharides often with reduced solubility.
      Electrodialyzed lopopolysaccharides could be rendered soluble by neutralizing
      with alkali or with a basic amine. Depending on the base employed for
      neutralization preparations were obtained which showed in water distinct
      differences in solubility, viscosity and opalescence. These differences were
      related to differences in the sedimentation coefficients of the various salt
      forms. Neutralization with triethylamine led in all cases to highly soluble
      preparations with low sedimentation coefficients, while, on the other hand,
      neutralization with Mg(OH)2 led in most cases to insoluble preparations. The
      acidic lipopolysaccharides obtained by electrodialysis deteriorate on storing in
      a freeze-dried form. On heating in distilled water autohydrolysis occurs and free
      lipid A is liberated. The lipid A which is so far known as a water-insoluble
      material showed increased solubility when prepared from electrodialyzed
      lipopolysaccharides.

PMID- 1100381
TI  - Regulation of protein secretion and metabolism in rat salivary glands. Effects of
      norepinephrine and carbachol on the glycogenolysis in submaxillary glands.
AB  - Carbachol and norepinephrine induce glycogen breakdown in rat submaxillary glands
      incubated in vitro. These effects are suppressed by specific inhibitors of
      cholinergic receptors (atropine, a muscarinic blocker) and of adrenergic
      receptors (propranolol, a beta-blocker and phentolamine, an alpha-blocker). The
      beta-adrenergic effect seems to be mediated through the adenosine 3':5'
      monophosphate system, whereas the alpha-adrenergic and cholinergic effects are
      dependent of Ca2+ influx into cell. In the two latter systems, it is suggested
      that a direct activation of phosphorylase b kinase by calcium takes place. These
      data clearly indicate that glycogenolysis in rat submaxillary glands in vitro can
      be independently affected by sympathetic and parasympathetic agents via specific
      receptors.

PMID- 1100382
TI  - tRNA conformation and magnesium binding. A study of a yeast phenylalanine
      specific tRNA by a fluorescent indicator and differential melting curves.
AB  - The binding of Mg2+ to tRNAPhe (yeast) in three conformational states was studied
      at 10, 30, 45, and 70 degrees C by the fluorescence indicator 8-hydroxyquinoline
      5-sulphonic acid in the presence of 0.032 M monovalent cations (Na+). At
      temperatures below those characteristic for early melting (completely folded
      tRNA) the Scatchard plots are biphasic. They were well fitted by two classes of
      noninteracting binding sites with stability constants independent of temperature
      (KA = 9X10(4), KB = 6X10(3) M-1). In partially unfolded tRNA the strong binding
      process is co-operative. A single class of weak sites was found in the
      statistically coiled conformation at 70 degrees C (KB = 3.3X103 M-1). The total
      number of binding sites is 23 +/- 5; differences for the folded and unfolded
      conformations are smaller than 1. The influence of Mg2+ on the stability of the
      conformational elements of tRNAPhe (yeast) and its CCA-half (i.e. nucleotides 38-
      76) was determined by differential ultraviolet absorbance and depolarisation
      melting curves using the fluorescence of the Y base. Tertiary structure
      corresponding to early melting is stabilized by strongly bound Mg2+, whereas all
      other melting transitions are only influenced by Mg2+ bound at weak sites. The
      stability constants of tertiary structure obtained from the melting experiments
      can quantitatively be described by assuming that 5 +/- 1 non-interacting strong
      sites as characterized by the fluorescence titrations are converted to weak sites
      upon unfolding of the tertiary structure. Co-operative interaction of Mg2+ with
      the 5 strong sites in the folded conformation of tRNA can be ruled out. Strong
      binding of Mg2+ to completely folded tRNA does not produce a conformational
      transition changing ultraviolet absorbance, circular dichroism and sedimentation
      coefficient.

PMID- 1100383
TI  - Isolation and partial characterisation of the relaxation protein from nuclei of
      cultured mouse and human cells.
AB  - A protein, called relaxation protein because of its ability to remove
      superhelical turns in closed-circular DNA, has been isolated and partially
      characterized from the nuclei of LA9 mouse and HeLa cells. The purification was
      facilitated by an assay method, with PM2 DNA, which used the fluorescence
      enhancement of the intercalating dye ethidium bromide upon binding to the closed
      circular DNA. The amount of dye bound depends upon the degree of the superhelix
      density of the DNA. The relaxation products were analysed by the buoyant
      separation method in CsCl containing ethidium bromide and were shown to be
      completely relaxed. The purification resulted in a single band in a
      dodecylsulfate gel electrophoresis with an apparent molecular weight of 37000.
      The pH optimum is 7.0 and the optimal salt concentration is 0.2 M NaCl. The
      relaxation protein removes negative as well as positive supercoils, the latter
      generated by the interaction of ethidium bromide with closed-circular DNA.
      Relaxation of positive supercoils results, after removal of the dye, in the
      formation of molecules with superhelix densities exceeding that of native PM2 DNA
      (0.054). The highest negative superhelix density observed was -0.098 +/- 0.001.
      The corresponding positive superhelix density has been calculated to be + 0.023.
      A nicking--swivelling--closing mechanism is postulated, but nicked intermediates
      have so far not been demonstrated. The relaxation protein is not inhibited by
      known mammalian endonuclease I inhibitors, except for denatured DNA, and does not
      possess a conventional polynucleotide ligase activity. The relaxation activity
      was found to be predominantly in the nuclei, with only small amounts present in
      the cytoplasm and mitochondria. The biological function of transient swivels
      induced by the relaxation protein is not known. However, transient swivels are
      considered necessary or useful in the replication of closed-circular DNA or long
      linear DNA, respectively. Relaxation protein could replace the combined action of
      an endonuclease and a ligase ahead of the replication fork. Alternatively,
      transient swivels could be involved in the transcription process.

PMID- 1100384
TI  - Equivalent and non-equivalent binding sites for tRNA on aminoacyl-tRNA
      synthetases.
AB  - Complexes between tRNAPhe (yeast), tRNASer (yeast) and tRNATyr (Escherichia coli)
      and their cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have been studied by sedimentation
      velocity runs in an analytical ultracentrifuge. The amount of complex formation
      was determined by the absorption and the sedimentation coefficients of the fast
      moving boundary in the presence of excess tRNA or excess synthetase respectively.
      The same method has been applied to unspecific combinations of tRNAs and
      synthetases. Inactive material of tRNA or synthetase does not influence the
      results. 1. Two moles of tRNAPhe can be bound to one mole of phenylalanyl-tRNA
      synthetase with a binding constant greater than 10(6) M-1. The binding constants
      for both tRNAs are very similar; the binding sites are independent of each other.
      Omission of Mg2+ does not prevent binding. 2. Two moles of tRNASer can be bound
      to one mole of Seryl-tRNA synthetase; the binding of the first and second tRNA is
      non-equivalent, K1 greater than 10(6) M-1, K2 is determined to be 1.3 X 10(5) M-1
      at pH 7.2. Omission of Mg2+ prevents complex formation. 3. Tyrosyl-tRNA
      synthetase behaves very similarly to seryl-tRNA synthetase. The binding constant
      for the weakly bound tRNA is 2.3 X 10(5) M-1 at pH 7.2, and 2.5 X 10(6) M-1 at pH
      6.0. No complexes are observed in the absence of Mg2+. 4. Unspecific binding was
      only obtained with phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. It binds tRNASer (yeast),
      tRNAAla (yeast) and tRNATyr (E. coli) with a binding constant about 100 times
      lower compared to its cognate tRNA. The binding data are discussed with respect
      to the tertiary structure of the tRNAs, the subunit structure of the synthetases
      and the possible physical basis for the non-equivalence of binding sites.

PMID- 1100385
TI  - [Mechanism for the condensation reaction of fatty-acid biosynthesis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The spontaneous hydrogen-deuterium exchange of the methylene group of malonyl
      thioesters was investigated by nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
      using the model compound S-malonyl-N-acetylcysteamine. The half life of the
      methylene proteins is 12 to 16 min in 0.1 M K-phosphate buffer at pH 6.5 to 7.0
      at 25 degrees C, the conditions of maximal activity of fatty acid synthetase from
      yeast. Proton catalysis was used for the quick preparation of deuterium- and
      tritium-labeled malonylthioesters. Compared with malonyl-CoA, dideutero-malonyl
      CoA had no primary isotope effect on the reaction velocity of the yeast enzyme
      catalysed fatty acid synthesis, in which the rate limiting step is the
      condensation reaction. Although deuterium oxide had a solvent isotope effect,
      there was no difference in reaction velocities between malonyl CoA and
      dideuteromalonyl CoA in deuterium oxide. The condensation reaction was
      investiaged separately from the overall fatty acid synthesis using beta-ketoacyl
      acyl-carrier-protein (ACP) synthetase (condensing enzyme) of Escherichia coli.
      The condensation reaction with deuteromalonyl-ACP had no kinetic isotope effect,
      in agreement with the observations on the overall reaction. However, in this case
      no solvent isotope effect was observed with 2H2O. When the condensation reaction
      was carried out in the presence of tritiated water, there was no incorporation of
      label into the reaction product acetoacetyl-thioester, excluding proton exchange
      with the solvent. The results exclude a mechanism for the condensation reaction
      involving a malonyl carbanion and its acylation as intermediates in the sense of
      an organic-chemical malonic ester synthesis, and they indicate that the
      condensation reaction follows a concerted mechanism: The formation of the new
      carbon-carbon bond is coupled with the cleavage of the carboxyl bond of the
      malonyl group.

PMID- 1100386
TI  - Quaternary structure of polynucleotide phosphorylase from Escherichia coli:
      evidence of a complex between two types of polypeptide chains.
AB  - A new form of polynucleotide phosphorylase containing alpha and beta subunits was
      isolated (form B) by purification without preparative electrophoresis; this form
      was compared to the enzyme obtained by preparative electrophoresis purification
      (form A). The Stokes radius of these two forms are very different: 6.4 nm for
      form A and 8.7 - 9.0 nm for form B; on the other hand the sedimentation
      coefficients are close: 8.9 S and 9.9 S respectively. Such a result suggests that
      form B is very asymmetric. The apparent molecular weights, calculated from the
      Stokes radii and from the sedimentation coefficients, are approximately 365000
      for form B and 252000 for form A. The latter is homogeneous on polyacrylamide
      gel, whereas the former yields two components, one of which behaves similarly to
      form A. Finally, whereas form A is composed of only one type of subunit, alpha,
      form B contains two types of chains: alpha (Mr 86000 +/- 5000) and beta (Mr 48000
      +/- 2000) in stoichiometric proportions. From these results we believe that one
      should assume for form B the existence of a complex between form A and beta
      chains; the role of the latter still remains to be specified.

PMID- 1100387
TI  - The modification of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli by an
      alkylating derivative of rifamycin SV.
AB  - 3-(2-Bromo[1-14C]acetamidoethyl)-thio-rifamycin SV, abbreviated BrAcNEtS-Rif, and
      alkylating derivative of rifamycin SV was synthesized. A four-fold excess of
      BrAcNEtS-Rif inhibited the enzymic activity of RNA polymerase from Escherichia
      coli to 97%. Incubation of RNA polymerase with Br[14C]AcNEtS-Rif led to covalent
      substitution. The reaction of Br[14C]AcNEtS-Rif with enzyme at a ratio of 1.4:1
      and a concentration of 63 nM was found to proceed with a half life of 1 h at 37
      degrees C. The enzyme could be protected from reaction with BrAcNEtS-Rif by
      either rifampicin or the hybrid [poly(dT)]-[r(Ap)5a]. The modification of
      holoenzyme by Br[14C]AcNEtS-Rif in the presence of p-hydroxymercuribenzene
      sulfonic acid (pOH-HgBzSO3H) or 4 M LiCl occurred with faster kinetics and led to
      a higher degree of substitution. Reaction of Br[14C]AcNEtS-Rif with RNA
      polymerase core enzyme caused predominant substitution of subunit beta. In the
      case of RNA polymerase holenzyme the radioactive substituents were evenly
      distributed between subunits beta and sigma. Apparently the topology of the
      rifamycin binding site of holoenzyme, similarly to core enzyme, precludes attacks
      of nucleophilic functions from beta' and alpha, but it allows nucleophilic
      functions from subunits beta and sigma to react with equal probability on
      BrAcNEtS-Rif. In the presence of a 20-fold excess of pOH-HgBzSO3H, the
      modification of holoenzyme was drastically altered. Virtually all substitution
      took place on subunit beta', very little on beta and none on subunits sigma and
      alpha.

PMID- 1100388
TI  - Role of ribosomal protein S1 in portein synthesis: effects of its addition to
      Bacillus stearothermophilus cell-free system.
AB  - Products of the f2 phage RNA-directed protein synthesizing systems in vitro,
      derived from Escherichia coli and Bacillus stearothermophilus, were analyzed. In
      contrast to other reports, it was found that B. stearothermophilus ribosomes
      synthesized phage coat protein when the high-speed (100 000 X g) supernatant
      (S100) and ribosomal wash (crude initiation factors) of homologous origin were
      used. Furthermore, a marked stimulation of coat protein synthesis was observed
      with B. stearothermophilus ribosomes when either S100 or ribosomal wash or both
      from E. coli cells were used instead of the respective homologous components. The
      principle responsible for this stimulation was identified as the 30-S ribosomal
      protein S1 present in S100 and ribosomal wash. Purified S1 from E. coli at
      roughly one-to-one molar ratio to ribosomes resulted in about 10-fold stimulation
      of the incorporation of [14C]valine when added to the B. stearothermophilus
      system. This stimulation was observed mainly in the synthesis of coat protein and
      replicase.

PMID- 1100389
TI  - Nucleotide sequences of Escherichia coli 16-S RNA associated with ribosomal
      proteins S7, S9, S10, S14 and S19.
AB  - 1. A ribonucleoprotein fragment containing proteins S7, S9, S10, S14, and S19 was
      isolated in high yield from Escherichia coli 30-S ribosomal sub-particles. The
      same fragment was obtained whether ribosomes from E. coli strain A19 or MRE 600
      were used, despite the fact that protein S7 differs widely between the two
      strains. RNA was extracted from this fragment and fractionated on gels containing
      7 M urea, to reveal "hidden breaks". A well-defined and reporducible pattern of
      RNA fragments was obtained, with the main components being approximately 300,
      240, 130, 115 and 75 nucleotides in length, respectively. The pattern of RNA
      fragments obtained was also independent of the strain of E. coli used. 2. Two
      dimensional fingerprints were made from ribonuclease T1 hydrolysates of these RNA
      fragments, labelled with 32P, and the oligonucleotides were further analysed by
      digestion with either ribonuclease A or U2. The data obtained were fitted in
      detail to the new 16-S RNA sequence map of Ehresmann et al. (1975). Again no
      significant differences were observed between the RNA from E. coli A19 or MRE
      600. The RNA sequences found lay in the region O'-D-E'-K-P-P'-E-A of the 16-S
      RNA, with a clear excision of several nucleotides in section E'-K. The total
      sequence length covered was approximately 430 nucleotides.

PMID- 1100390
TI  - Cell-wall lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli B.
AB  - The lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli BB and a number of R-phage selected
      (e.g. T3, T4) cell-wall-defective mutants were analyzed. From their
      lipopolysaccharides the respective core oligosaccharides were obtained. Following
      dephosphorylation, the oligosaccharides were methylated and analyzed by gas
      chromatography/mass spectrometry. This revealed the sugar sequence in the hexose
      heptose region of the core. The linkage of heptose (Hep) to 2-keto-3
      deoxyoctonate (KDO) was established as ... Hep 1,5 leads to KDO ... by
      methylation analysis. The substituted derivative of KDO was identified by gas
      chromatography and mass spectrometry. The KDO region contains three KDO units.
      Its structure was elaborated by (a) selective removal and identification of 7
      phosphoryl ethanolamine-KDO (KDO-PN), (b) periodate oxidation and thiobarbituric
      acid reaction in conjunction with mild hydrolysis, (c) a modified methylation
      analysis. Phosphate substitution of E. coli BB core was studied by beta
      elimination and using the information obtained with KDO-PN. The structures of the
      cell wall lipopolysaccharides from E. coli BB and cell-wall-defective mutants are
      given.

PMID- 1100391
TI  - Malonyl and palmityl transferase-less mutants of the yeast fatty-acid-synthetase
      complex.
AB  - 146 independently isolated mutants of the fatty acid synthetase gene locus fas 1
      were subdivided into six different complementation groups. Three of these groups,
      Va, Vb and Vd, have not been described before. The mutant fatty acid synthetases
      isolated from representatives of complementation group Vb were specifically
      deficient in two component enzymes at the same time, the malonyl and palmityl
      transferases. Among more than 180 fas 1 and fas 2 mutants systematically screened
      for malonyl and palmityl transferase activities no mutant was found affected in
      only one of these two fatty acid synthetase component enzymes. From this it is
      concluded that both transfer reactions are catalyzed by the same enzyme. In any
      malonyl transferase-less fatty acid synthetase, neither of the two known malonyl
      binding sites, i.e. enzyme-bound pantetheine and the non-thiol binding site,
      accepts malonate. This indicates that malonate is transferred to both groups by
      the same enzyme. So far, no acetyl transferase-less fas mutants have been
      characterized. On the other hand, the mutants of two fas 1 complementation
      groups, Va and Vd, though negative in overall fatty acid synthetase activity had
      no deficiency in any of the known component enzymes which can be tested in vitro.
      A possible interrelationship between both findings is discussed.

PMID- 1100392
TI  - Histidyl-tRNA synthetase from Salmonella typhimurium: specificity in the binding
      of histidine analogues.
AB  - The topography of the active site of histidyl-tRNA synthetase has been
      investigated by determining Ki values for a variety of structural analogues of
      histidine, using the ATP-PPi exchange and tRNA aminoacylation reactions. Using
      these kinetic constants it has been possible to have a measure of the relative
      binding affinity of the enzyme for the histidine analogues. The following
      conclusions have been drawn: (a) the enzyme is stereospecific in the formation of
      aminoacyl-tRNA complexes, since the D-isomer of histidine does not influence the
      two reactions; (b) the carboxyl group is not required for binding; (c) bulky
      derivatives of the carboxyl group prevent the molecules from binding to the
      enzyme; (d) the amino group permits a good binding affinity; (e) the length of
      the ring side chain plays a very important role as point of attachment to the
      enzyme; (f) the kinds of heteroatoms on the ring determine the inhibitory
      properties of the analogues.

PMID- 1100393
TI  - Biosynthesis of sterols by a yeast homogenate. Incorporation of mevalonic acid
      into cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol and 5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol.
AB  - Incubation of (3RS,2R)-[2-14C,2-3H]mevalonic acid and (3RS, 2S)-[2-14C,2
      3H]mevalonic acid with mechanically disrupted yeast cells resulted in C27
      metabolites. Two (14C5, 3H4)-metabolites, cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol and 5
      alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol, were isolated and characterized. The
      impairment of the 24-methyl transferase system was confirmed by the lack of
      incorporation of 14C into the sterol fraction on incubation of S-adenosyl-L
      [methyl-14C]methionine with the yeast homogenate. The results indicate that
      interference with the (C-24)-alkylating system did not prevent the transformation
      of lanosterol to the cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol and to 5 alpha-cholesta-7,24
      dien-3beta-ol. It can therefore be inferred that transformations of the nucleus
      and of the side chain can function independently. However our results do not
      provide a definition of the actual sequence of the metabolic events between
      lanosterol and ergosterol.

PMID- 1100394
TI  - Determination of the complete amino-acid sequence of protein S4 from Escherichia
      coli ribosomes.
AB  - After digestion of protein S4 with trypsin, all 32 tryptic peptides were
      isolated. Their amino acid compositions were analyzed and the sequence of the
      amino acids within the tryptic peptides was determined by means of a solid-phase
      peptide sequenator and by exopeptidases. Alignment of the tryptic peptides was
      established by analyzing and partially sequencing peptides isolated after
      digestion of the S4 protein with chymotrypsin, thermolysin and a glutamic-acid
      specific protease. Further information about the alignment of peptides came from
      treatment of S4 with CNBr and with a lysine-modifying reagent.

PMID- 1100395
TI  - The primary structure of tRNAIIArg from brewers' yeast. 1. Complete digestions
      with pancreatic and T1 ribonucleases.
AB  - tRNAIIArg purified from bulk brewers' yeast tRNA by countercurrent distribution
      followed by two column-chromatographic steps was completely digested with
      pancreatic and T1 ribonucleases. Isolations of the products have been carried out
      either by column chromatography or by high-voltage electrophoresis. Analyses of
      the isolated nucleotides and olignoucleotides were in good agreement and indicate
      that this tRNA is composed of 76 nucltotide residues including 13 minor
      nucleotides. Overlaps resulting from the end-products of the two complementary
      digests led to a sequence of 25 residues. The primary structure of tRNAIIArg has
      been determined after partial digestion with T1 ribonuclease as described in the
      following paper.

PMID- 1100396
TI  - The primary structure of tRNAIIAgr from brewers' yeast. 2. Partial digestion with
      ribonuclease T1 and derivation of the complete sequence.

PMID- 1100397
TI  - Isolation and properties of a thymidylate-less mutant in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - A mutant, tmp3, has been isolated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetic and
      physiological analysis show that a single mendelian gene controls the multiple
      requirements for thymidylate, methionine, adenine and histidine and a neutral
      cytoplasmic petite character. Crude extracts of this mutant present a 60%
      decrease of serine transhydroxymethylase specific activity as compared to a wild
      type strain.

PMID- 1100398
TI  - Purification and properties of phosphoglucomutase from Fleischmann's yeast.
AB  - 1. A procedure has been described for the purification of the major isozyme of
      yeast phosphoglucomutase of highest known specific activity. 2. The native enzyme
      has a molecular weight of about 65400 and was found to be homogeneous as judged
      by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, gel filtration, electrophoresis on
      acrylamide gel and ultracentrifugal analysis. In the presence of denaturing
      agents such as guanidine hydrochloride or sodium dodecyl sulfate, the enzyme
      dissociated into 32000-molecular-weight subunits. 3. As isolated, the enzyme has
      one mole of phosphate bound per mole of enzyme. Preparations incubated with 1.0
      mM EDTA in 10 mM citrate buffer, pH 5.5 and dialysed against 10 mM metal-free
      citrate buffer, pH 5.5, contain no intrinsically bound Zn2+ and were enzymically
      inactive but fully active in the presence of 5 mM Mg2+ and 84% as active with 0.5
      mM Zn2+. Simultaneous presence of both ions at these concentrations did not
      enhance activity. Enzyme was completely and irreversibly inactivated by
      preincubation with Be2+. Inactive enzyme had one mole of Be2+ bound per mole of
      enzyme. 4. Enzyme exhibited "ping-pong" kinetics rather than "random sequential".
      Km values for glucose 1-phosphate and for glucose 1,6-bisphosphate were
      calculated to be 2.34 times 10(-5) M and 2.24 times 10(-6) M, respectively. Rate
      of enzyme phosphate turnover was studied with rapid-mixing technique. The rates
      of 32P release from 32P-labeled enzyme and its appearance as glucose 6
      [32P]phosphate were comparable and remained unaffected by addition of glucose 1,6
      bisphosphate.

PMID- 1100399
TI  - The thermodynamics and kinetics of conformational changes in 5-S RNA from
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Solutions of native, renatured and denatured 5-S RNA from Escherichia coli were
      each found to revert to a mixture of the denatured and renatured forms when
      incubated at elevated temperatures in the absence of divalent cations. The
      equilibrium and rate constants for the renaturation and denaturation reactions
      were studied as a function of temperature and concentration of added NaCl. The
      enthalpy and entropy of denaturation and the activation energies were determined.
      The activation energies for the renaturation reaction were found to be almost
      independent of the salt concentration, whereas the other parameters increased
      with the salt concentration. The results are interpreted in terms of a partially
      unfolded intermediate whose concentration is suppressed by the addition of salt.

PMID- 1100400
TI  - Purification and properties of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from Candida utilis.

PMID- 1100401
TI  - An inhibitory effect of thymidine on its own conversion to nucleotide in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The cellular levels of thymidine nucleotide pool in thymine-requiring mutants of
      Escherichia coli were followed. The pool levels of dTDP, dTTP and compound-X
      reached maximal values in much lower concentration of thymidine than those in
      thymine. In higher concentrations of thymidine, an inhibitory effect on its own
      conversion to nucleotide was observed. The inhibited step was suggested to be the
      conversion of dTMP to dTDP.

PMID- 1100402
TI  - The regulation of arginine biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The
      specificity of argR- mutations and the general control of amino-acid
      biosynthesis.
AB  - The regulation of arginine biosynthetic enzymes in yeast is subjected to a double
      control. One level of arginine enzyme synthesis is under the control of an apo
      repressor, called ARGR. ARGR molecules control specifically the arginine pathway.
      A second level of control of arginine biosynthesis has been disclosed. It also
      controls tryptophan, histidine, lysine, isoleucine-valine and probably many more
      biosyntheses. The general mechanism is turned on in leaky mutants in any of the
      amino acid pathways mentioned above.

PMID- 1100403
TI  - Pools of ribosomal proteins in Escherichia coli. Studies on the exchange of
      proteins between pools and ribosomes.
AB  - A labelling technique in vivo has been introduced which allows the tritiation of
      cell components with high specific activity during growth in rich medium. By this
      technique the pool size of each protein can be measured directly in the
      supernatant from centrifugation at 150000 times g. A measurable pool was found
      for the proteins S1, S2, S10, L1, L4, L7, L8/9, L10, L12, L21, and L25.
      Experiments on migration of ribosomal proteins from the supernatant to ribosomes
      (i.e. association) and vice versa (dissociation) demonstrate a remarkable
      constancy in the composition of the ribosome. There is no significant difference
      between ribosomes engaged or not engaged in poly-(Phe) synthesis.

PMID- 1100404
TI  - Fluorescent labelling of Escherichia coli ribosomal sulfhydryl groups.
AB  - The reactivity of the sulfhydryl groups of Escherichia coli ribosome has been
      investigated using a fluorescent label. Under denaturing conditions, all the --SH
      groups can be titrated. In the native form of the ribosome, six and less than one
      labels can be respectively conjugated to the 30-S and 50-S subparticles without
      loss of activity for poly(U)-dependent polyphenylalanine synthesis. The most
      reactive thiol groups belong to proteins S1, S12, S18, S21. The binding of mRNA
      plus tRNA to the 70-S ribosomes affects the spectroscopic properties of the
      labels showing that conformational changes are induced by these interactions.
      Furthermore, the treatment of these complexes by the labelling agent demonstrates
      that the --SH group belonging to protein S1 is partially protected whereas other
      thiol groups located on the 50-S subparticle become reactive.

PMID- 1100405
TI  - Amino-acid composition of the covalent rigid-layer lipoprotein in cell walls of
      Proteus mirabilis.
AB  - Cell walls of Proteus mirabilis in the stationary phase of growth contain a
      lipoprotein in covalent linkage to peptidoglycan and probably also in free form
      in the outer membrane. The protein moiety of this lipoprotein is composed of
      about 50 amino acids and has an approximate molecular weight of 5500. The Proteus
      lipoprotein has glycine and phenylalanine as specific components which are not
      present in lipoproteins of other enteric bacteria. Treatment of the peptidoglycan
      lipoprotein complex of Proteus with trypsin leaves lysine as the only lipoprotein
      amino acid attached to the peptidoglycan. This suggests that in P. mirabilis, as
      in Escherichia coli, the lipoprotein is linked to the peptidoglycan by its C
      terminal lysine residue.

PMID- 1100406
TI  - The interaction of fusidic acid with peptidyl-transfer-ribonucleic-acid -
      ribosome complexes.
AB  - The inhibitory action of fusidic acid on peptide-chain elongation was studied
      with systems in vitro directed by either polyuridylic acid or endogenous
      messenger (Escherichia coli polysomes washed with 1 M NH4Cl) or R17 RNA, and
      supplemented with either crude or purified elongation factors. In all cases
      strong inhibition of synthesis required high concentrations of the antibiotic
      (approx. 1 mM), while a similar inhibition of the EF-G-plus-ribosome-dependent
      GTP hydrolysis required between 10 and 100 times less antibiotic. Since most of
      the GTP hydrolysis observed was presumably due to free ribosomes (without
      aminoacyl-tRNA or peptidyl-tRNA), fusidic acid seemed to interact far more easily
      with these ribosomes than with ribosomes engaged in peptide-chain elongation. The
      role of the GDP-EF-G-ribosome-fusidic acid complex in the inhibition of
      polypeptide synthesis was assessed by measuring formation of this complex on
      polysomes engaged in peptide-chain elongation. Using purified elongation factors
      the complex formed on only 25-35% of ribosomes, as measured either by retention
      of [3H]GDP or by hydrolysis of [3H, gamma-32P]GTP. In contrast, with crude
      factors (S 100 extract) it formed on more than 70% of ribosomes. The results are
      compatible with the postulated role of the complex in polypeptide synthesis
      inhibition (blockade of the ribosomal acceptor site and subsequent inhibition of
      aminoacyl-tRNA binding) and indicate that formation of the complex takes place by
      overriding the control that prevents interaction of EF-G when the donor site is
      occupied by peptidyl-tRNA. In the polyuridylic-acid-directed system for synthesis
      of oligophenylalanine the antibiotic inhibits every round of peptide elongation,
      including dipeptide formation, to roughly the same extent.

PMID- 1100407
TI  - The joining of the 30-S initiation complex with the 50-S subunit, the main target
      for thiostrepton.
AB  - The study undertaken in this paper on the mode of action of thiostrepton provides
      data which permit a more precise localization of the main target of thiostrepton.
      There is severe impairment of the joining of the 50-S subunit, probably carrying
      thiostrepton, with either the 30-S subunit or the 30-S initiation complex. The
      degree of impairment of this coupling is temperature dependent, being almost
      completely inhibited at 0 degrees C, whereas at 37 degrees C the effect is much
      less marked, provided that natural messenger RNA is present. The inhibition of
      initiation by thiostrepton is more severe in the presence of IF-1, a factor,
      which similar to thiostrepton, is able to shift the dynamic equilibrium of 70-S
      in equilibrium 50-S + 30-S more towards dissociation. By means of 14C-labeled IF
      2 it is demonstrated that the binding of IF-2 into the 70-S initiation complex is
      prevented by thiostrepton, which seems to be the main cause for non-coupling.

PMID- 1100408
TI  - Preferential digestion of (A plus T)-rich stretches of yeast mitochondrial DNA in
      isolated mitochondria.
AB  - Yeast mitochondrial DNA labelled in vitro by incubation of isolated mitochondria
      with DNA precursors exhibits skewed profiles on isopycnic CsCl gradients. The
      skew is not due to nuclear DNA nor to single-stranded mitochondrial DNA in the
      product labelled in vitro. Simultaneous labelling with [3H]dTTP and [14C]dGTP in
      vitro indicates a gradient of base composition in the DNA labelled in vitro.
      Thus, selective degradation of mitochondrial DNA occurs during incubation,
      converting large molecules having the mean density of mitochondrial DNA into
      smaller molecules of higher mean density and with higher G:T ratio. Similarly
      skewed distributions can also be produced by incubation of mitochondrial DNA
      labelled in vivo with the yeast mitochondrial fraction or with micrococcal
      endonuclease, an enzyme known to selectively hydrolyse (A plus T)-rich regions of
      DNA.

PMID- 1100409
TI  - Interaction of RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli with DNA. Analysis of T7 DNA
      early-promoter sites.
AB  - A method was devised for directing RNA polymerase on a single promoter site on T7
      DNA. Initiation complexes were formed on each of the three main promoter sites
      using one dinucleotide plus one nucleoside triphosphate. The ternary initiation
      complexes are resistant to rifampicin action, to inhibition by (rI)n at 0 degrees
      C and are stable at high salt concentrations. A minimum of a trinucleotide is
      required to form a stable ternary complex. To determine which promoter site was
      selected by RNA polymerase during initiation, the (rI)n-resistant RNA was
      digested by RNAse III to generate three characteristic initiator RNA fragments,
      resolved by gel electrophoresis. The three major promoter sites could be selected
      individually by using different primer and substrate combinations ApC plus ATP
      selected promoter A3, CpG plus CTP selected A2 and CpC plus ATP specified
      preferentially A1. A number of primer-substrate combinations specified each site
      at low salt concentration but the substrate requirement became very stringent at
      high salt concentration, suggesting that the postulated local opening of the
      promoter site could be more or less extensive, depending on the ionic strength.
      The minimum opening observed at high salt concentration corresponded to the
      insertion of a leader trinucleotide sequence. The promoter region melted by RNA
      polymerase at low salt concentration was (G plus C)-rich and corresponded to
      about 9 to 11 base pairs. Sequences of the melting recognition regions were
      tentatively inferred from the results.

PMID- 1100410
TI  - Effects of physical exercise on plasma growth hormone and cortisol levels in
      human subjects.

PMID- 1100411
TI  - Information retrieval in sport and physical activity.

PMID- 1100412
TI  - Laboratory techniques involving small animals in exercise physiology research.

PMID- 1100413
TI  - Methodology in light and electron microscopy.

PMID- 1100414
TI  - Effects of training and disuse on connective tissue.

PMID- 1100415
TI  - Mesenchymal dysgenesis in Peter's anomaly, sclerocornea  and congenital
      endothelial dystrophy.

PMID- 1100416
TI  - Variations in the laterality of the central projections of retinal ganglion
      cells.

PMID- 1100417
TI  - The prenatal development of the human eye.

PMID- 1100418
TI  - Studies on hemopoietic microenvironments. Report of a workshop held in La Jolla,,
      California, August 8-9, 1974.

PMID- 1100419
TI  - Immunologic chimerism as evidence of bone marrow graft acceptance in an identical
      twin with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
AB  - Bone marrow from a well child was infused into her identical twin who had acute
      lymphocytic leukemia. In an attempt to provide an immunologic tag for use in twin
      transplantation, the donor twin was immunized to Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)
      and yellow fever virus prior to the marrow infusion. Subsequent immunological
      chimerism in the recipient twin gave evidence for graft acceptance.

PMID- 1100420
TI  - Diffusion chamber culturing of haematopoietic cells: methodological
      investigations and improvement of the technique.
AB  - Mouse bone marrow cells were cultured to determine some basic characteristics of
      the diffusion chamber (DC) technique. The main findings were as follows: (i)
      Incorporated 3H-thymidine was conveniently measured after deposition of a cell
      sample on glass fibre discs followed by methanol washing. Varying the specific
      activity from approximately 2-approximately 20 Ci/mmole did not affect the
      relationship between DC cellularity and isotope incorporation. Isotope uptake was
      similar regardless of whether 3H-thymidine of high or low specific activity had
      been used. (ii) Higher cell yields were obtained when Millipore or Acropor
      filters were heat-sealed rather than glued to the plastic rings, when Millipore
      filters were moistened before DC filling, when we omitted gluing the closing
      plugs, and when we used an average pore size of 0.22 mum for the DC walls rather
      than one of 0.10 mum or 0.45 mum. Varying the ring thickness from 2.0-2.5 mm did
      not impair the cell growth, nor did removal of a softening agent from the plastic
      rings improve it. (iii) More cells were retrieved from DC carried by young rather
      than by older mice. Results were not influenced by sex or strain differences
      between the donor and the host or by the number of implants, whether single or
      double, within an individual host. (iv) Adding Ficoll to the pronase solution
      increased the yield of viable CFU-C. (V) Diffusion rate through the DC walls
      declined with increasing period of culturing, so that i.p. 3H-thymidine is not a
      flash label for 7-day cultures, for example. The great variability of 3H
      thymidine diffusion into i.p. DC was markedly reduced by in vitro exposure to the
      unopened DC to the isotope. (vi) DC could be incubated in vitro in a medium
      devoid of protein for at least 6 hours without a fall in 3H-thymidine
      incorporation rate or CFU-C content, provided that pH was kept constant.

PMID- 1100421
TI  - Toxicologic and marrow transplantation studies in rhesus monkeys given dimethyl
      myleran.
AB  - The hematologic and pathologic effects of single doses of dimethyl myleran (DMM)
      were evaluated in rhesus monkeys with and without the infusion of marrow. DMM 3
      to 5 mg/kg produced severe but reversible myelotoxicity and no non-marrow
      toxicity. All animals given DMM 10 mg/kg died of marrow failure which was
      consistently reversed by the infusion of cryopreserved autologous marrow. At
      higher doses of DMM the protective effect of autologous marrow was less
      consistent due to increased gastrointestinal toxicity. Allogeneic engraftment was
      not achieved following administration of 10 mg/kg of DMM. In two animals
      receiving 15 mg/kg, proliferating allogeneic donor cells were present in
      recipient marrow seven days after marrow infusion.

PMID- 1100422
TI  - Weakening of genetic resistance. I. The effect of injection of endotoxin,
      Freund's complete adjuvant and alloantiserum.
AB  - A parent to F1 transplantation combination was used to study the weakening effect
      of endotoxin, Freund's complete adjuvant and alloantiserum on genetic resistance.
      The relationship between time of treatment with endotoxin, Salmonella typhosa,
      and Freund's complete adjuvant, and their weakening effect was assessed by use of
      the spleen colony technique. CFU growth studies revealed that both endotoxin and
      alloantiserum were capable of weakening genetic resistance in the spleen but were
      unable to induce weakening of the resistance in the femoral marrow cavity. These
      results led us to the conclusion that the agents might not have a direct effect
      on the effector cells of the resistance. The weakening induced by endotoxin and
      alloantiserum seemed to be related to a certain immunological phenomenon in the
      spleen. In this phenomenon macrophages are likely to play a role since a number
      of agents capable of weakening resistance were known for their capacity to
      influence the mononuclear phagocytic system.

PMID- 1100423
TI  - Trypanosoma cruzi: antimicrobial activity and strain differentiating properties
      of some five- and six-membered heterocyclic compounds on trypomastigotes.

PMID- 1100424
TI  - Trypanosoma cruzi: comparative fatty acid metabolism of the epimastigotes and
      trypomastigotes in vitro.

PMID- 1100425
TI  - Specific uptake of labelled N-nitrosomethylurea in the pancreatic islets of
      Chinese hamsters.

PMID- 1100426
TI  - The methylation of mercuric chloride by human intestinal bacteria.
AB  - Most strains of staphylococci, streptococci, yeasts and E. coli isolated from
      human faeces, could synthesize methylmercury compounds. In contrast, few strains
      of obligate anaerobes could do so. Up to 6 ng methylmercury/ml were formed in 44
      h from 2 mug mercuric chloride.

PMID- 1100427
TI  - Erythrocyte agglutinins in the blood of certain ascidians.
AB  - Plasma from Ciona intestinalis, Phallusia mamillata and Ascidia malaca possess
      hemagglutinin for a variety of erythrocytes. Results obtained by physical and
      chemical treatments suggest that hemagglutinin for Phallusia mamillata and
      Ascidia malaca may be a protein or a protein-like substance.

PMID- 1100428
TI  - Bio-electrical changes induced by a reaction between rabbit Ig and anti-rabbit Ig
      on the surface of the rat cervical ganglion.

PMID- 1100429
TI  - The specificity of peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase from E. coli.

PMID- 1100430
TI  - On the mechanism of nucleotide incorporation into DNA and RNA.

PMID- 1100431
TI  - The primary structure of a non-initiating methionine specific tRNA from brewer's
      yeast.

PMID- 1100432
TI  - Structural alterations in the 30 S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli observed
      with the fluorescent probe N-(3-pyrene) maleimide.

PMID- 1100433
TI  - Mammalian DNA endonuclease acting at apurinic sites: absence of associated
      exonuclease activity.

PMID- 1100434
TI  - Effective utilization of exogenous deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate for DNA
      synthesis in enterobacteria.

PMID- 1100435
TI  - Oxygen tension: dependent or independent variable in local control of blood flow?
AB  - We have looked at a fairly simple model of blood flow regulation at the
      microvascular level consisting of suffused microvascular preparations and
      isolated smooth muscles. When the O2 demand of the microvessel preparations was
      decreased by elevating suffusion solution PO2, changes in wall PO2 indicated that
      only the smallest microvessels could be controlled by a direct effect of oxygen.
      In vivo and in vitro studies of the oxygen sensitivity of smooth muscle indicated
      that even the smaller vessels were probably not directly controlled by oxygen
      availability during a free flow state, since measured perivascular PO2's did not
      fall to levels low enough to alter contractile performance of the vascular smooth
      muscle. Our data indicate that in any condition in which flow is interrupted for
      periods in excess of about 30 sec, one might anticipate vascular relaxation due
      to oxygen lack. It was judged resonable to extrapolate our findings to
      autoregulation of blood flow in resting skeletal muscle and to responses to
      modest exercise. Our data indicate that it is improbable that oxygen acts by a
      direct effect on the smooth muscle under these conditions. On the other hand,
      they suggest that a direct effect of oxygen might well be important in causing
      postocclusion hyperemia.

PMID- 1100436
TI  - Liver hypermetabolic state after chronic ethanol consumption: hormonal
      interrelations and pathogenic implications.

PMID- 1100437
TI  - Biochemical function of selenium and its relation to vitamin E.
AB  - Glutathione peroxidase (glutathione:H2O2 oxidoreductase, E.C. 1.11.1.9), isolated
      from ovine and bovine erythrocytes, has recently been shown to contain 4 selenium
      atoms per mole, an average of 1 Se per protein subunit of about 22,000 molecular
      weight. Selenium deficiency in the rat, chick and sheep causes dramatic decreases
      in the activity of this enzyme in the tissues, but certain sites such as liver
      are affected more than others. Decreases in glutathione peroxidase correlate with
      lesions caused by selenium deficiency and appear useful in diagnosing selenium
      deficiency. Glutathione peroxidase is an important enzyme in destroying H2O2 and
      organic hydroperoxides such as lipid hydroperoxides. It therefore guards against
      oxidative damage to the cell membranes and other oxidant-sensitive sites in the
      cell. While this selenium-dependent system destroys lipid hydroperoxides and
      other peroxides, vitamin E is believed to protect against oxidant damage to
      membranes by preventing the formation of lipid hydroperoxides. A scheme is
      proposed, based on oxidant damage and its prevention, which accounts for the
      interaction between selenium, vitamin E, unsaturated lipids, sulfur-containing
      amino acids, and cell damaging agents such as oxidant stressors and toxicants
      such as silver and tri-o-cresyl phosphate. The background for such a scheme is
      reviewed.

PMID- 1100439
TI  - [250 years of the U.S.S.R Academy of Sciences].

PMID- 1100438
TI  - Mechanisms of action of selenium and vitamin E in protection of biological
      membranes.
AB  - Opinions vary as to the mode of action of vitamin E and selenium. Some argue that
      they act as nonspecific biological antioxidants. Others propose that the
      functions of the two substances are distinct and that vitamin E acts as a true
      vitamin in addition to functioning as a lipid-soluble antioxidant. Support for
      the "Biological Antioxidant Theory" is largely circumstantial. However,
      lipoperoxides have been detected in adipose tissues of vitamin E-deficient
      animals, and increased rates of in vitro peroxidation have been demonstrated in
      homogenates of several tissues of selenium and vitamin E-deficient animals. The
      basis of the antioxygenic role of selenium in these systems was elucidated by the
      discovery of Rotruck et al. (1973) that selenium is a component of rat
      erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. Further studies in this laboratory have
      demonstrated the important role of glutathione peroxidase in protection against
      the vitamin E- and selenium-deficiency disease of chicks, exudative diathesis,
      which results from increased capillary permeability. Also shown were the
      activities of both dietary selenium and vitamin E in prevention of ascorbate
      induced peroxidation in mitochondrial and microsomal preparations from chick
      liver. Recent results demonstrate that both selenium and vitamin E are required
      to protect hepatic mitochondria and microsomes from peroxidative degradation.
      Dietary requirements of the chick for both nutrients for this function have been
      determined: approximately 0.06 ppm selenium in the presence of adequate vitamin
      E; 30-50 IU vitamin E per kg in the presence of adequate selenium.

PMID- 1100440
TI  - [Method of phase solubility and its use in phamaceutical analysis].

PMID- 1100441
TI  - In vitro production of the factors effective in the transfer of experimental
      autoimmune aspermatogenesis.
AB  - We studied the biological effects of the factors released into the culture medium
      by the lymphocytes from animals sensitized with testicular antigen. The
      supernatants from cultures of these lymphocytes were active in vitro in the
      migration inhibition tests because they transferred the sensitivity to normal
      spleen cells. In vivo, they transferred aspermatogenesis in the allogeneic and
      xenogeneic system. The results suggest a specific effect on the behaviour of
      macrophages rather than a direct cytotoxic effect of the active factors.

PMID- 1100442
TI  - Inhibition of haemopoietic stem cells by syngeneic lymphocytes treated with
      antilymphocyte serum.
AB  - Some aspects of the mechanisms by which antilymphocyte serum, its globulin
      fraction, or phytohaemagglutinin act to reduce the stem cell content of murine
      haemopoietic tissues were studied, using the method of clonal proliferation of
      stem cells in the spleens of lethally irradiated (830R) mice. The transplants
      were treated in vitro with ALS, ALG or PHA for 30 min. at 37 degrees C. Direct
      treatment of spleen or bone marrow cells with ALS or PHA resulted in pronounced
      inhibition of the colony-forming capacity of haemopoietic tissues in syngeneic
      irradiated recipients. The degree of inhibition was dependent on the
      concentration of ALS or PHA. It was found that the inhibition of CFC with ALS was
      mediated by lymphoid cells: bone marrow CFC were reduced after 30-min incubation
      at 37 degrees C with syngeneic lymph node or thymus cell pretreated with ALG and
      washed free of its excess. It was further demonstrated that ALG-treated
      thymocytes released, upon 30-min. incubation at 37 degrees C, some material
      capable of inhibiting bone marrow CFC. No release was observed with PHA-treated
      thymocytes. Some properties of the active supernatants are described and it is
      suggested to designate the observed inhibitory activity as Stem-cell Inhibitory
      Factor.

PMID- 1100443
TI  - Analysis of the Kinetics of the immune response by means of ionizing radiation.
AB  - The inhibitory kinetics of the primary immune response was studied by means of
      lethal irradiation. CBA mice were immunized with sheep red blood cells and 48, 72
      and 96 hours later, they were irradiated with 750R. Afterwards, the number of
      direct plaque-forming cells was determined in their spleens during 58 to 66 hours
      at 4-hour intervals. After irradiation at 48 and 72 hours of the immune response,
      a plateau of different duration was obtained: 48 hours in the former and 24 hours
      in the latter case. In both cases, reduction in the PFC number began at about 96
      hours of the resonse. The PFC reduction curves in these two series of experiments
      and those obtained 96 hours after irradiation and in control, non-irradiated mice
      were parallel. The mean half-time of the PFC number reduction as determined by
      these curves was 6 hours. The time of functioning of PFC in the spleen is
      discussed with respect to recruitment of proliferating precursors.

PMID- 1100444
TI  - Effects of various immunosuppressive drugs on the development of experimental
      renal infection in rats.
AB  - The effect of azathioprine, hydrocortisone and antihymocyte serum on the
      development of experimental colibacillary renal infection in rats was assessed by
      macroscopical findings in the kidneys, especially by determining the number of
      microbes in the infected organ, on day 7 after injection of the infectious agent.
      The greatest multiplication of bacteria and so the most pronounced macroscopical
      changes occurred after ALS treatment. There was statistically significant
      difference between ALS-treated group and the control group, whereas the
      differences between controls and the other experimental groups (Imuran,
      hydrocortisone) were non-significant.

PMID- 1100445
TI  - Emil Godlewski, Jr. On the 100th anniversary of his birth (1875-1975).

PMID- 1100446
TI  - Bibliography of Emil Godlewski, Jr. 1875-1944.

PMID- 1100447
TI  - The contribution of Emil Godlewski to studies on vertebrate regeneration.

PMID- 1100449
TI  - Jefferson, Tilton, and us.

PMID- 1100448
TI  - James Tilton, outstanding military medical administrator.

PMID- 1100450
TI  - Experience builds with an enamel-bonding restorative.

PMID- 1100451
TI  - [Development of anatomical and physiological research in dermatology in the early
      19th century].

PMID- 1100452
TI  - [75th birthday of Tauno Putkonen (Helsinki) Jan 16, 1975].

PMID- 1100453
TI  - LH--FSH/RH: an equally potent stimulus for the release of HLH and HFSH.

PMID- 1100454
TI  - Minipill--a limited alternative for certain women.

PMID- 1100455
TI  - Breast-feeding--aid to infant health and fertility control.

PMID- 1100456
TI  - Training nonphysicians in family planning services and a directory of training
      programs.

PMID- 1100457
TI  - Termination of second trimester pregnancies: a blind study using hypertonic
      saline and prostaglandins F2alpha. A preliminary report.

PMID- 1100458
TI  - Dynamics of insulin release and microtubular-microfilamentous system. VII. Do
      microfilaments provide the motive force for the translocation and extrusion of
      beta granules?
AB  - The active role played by beta-cell microfilamentous structures in the dynamics
      of insulin secretion was investigated by examining the influence of cytochalasin
      B upon various parameters of hormonal release by the isolated perfused rat
      pancreas. The view that the cytochalasin-induced changes in insulin release are
      due to a primary biophysical effect on microfilaments, rather than to an
      unrelated biochemical alteration of the beta-cell glucose-sensor device, was
      strengthened by the following observations: (1) the onset and disappearance of
      the cytochalasin B-induced facilitating action upon insulin release followed a
      time-course parallel to that characterizing the ultrastructural changes provoked
      by the drug in the distribution of beta-cell microfilamentous material; and (2)
      cytochalasin B facilitated leucine-induced insulin release in the presence of a
      very low glucose concentration. The mold metabolite was also found to transform
      transient secretory responses into biphasic ones and to prevent the reduction
      that normally affects the early response to insulinotropic agents when the
      pancreas is stimulated a few minutes after a prior and short exposure to glucose.
      The release of insulin evoked by either glucose or gliclazide was abolished in
      the absence of extracellular calcium, whether in the presence or absence of
      cytochalasin B. Theophylline and cytochalasin B exerted a synergistic effect upon
      glucose-induced insulin release. These data support the concept that calcium
      dependent contractile events involving cytochalasin B-sensitive microfilamentous
      structures provide the motive force for both the intracellular translocation and
      exocytotic release of beta granules.

PMID- 1100459
TI  - Effect of intracisternal insulin on plasma glucose and insulin in the dog.
AB  - The intracisternal administration of insulin (0.2 U./kg.) to anesthetized dogs
      resulted in an increase of arterial immunoreactive insulin and a decrease of
      plasma glucose relative to a control injection. The arterial responses were
      significantly attenuated when the insulin was administered to the cisternum of
      subdiaphragmatically vagotomized dogs. When cerebrospinal fluid glucose was
      lowered by injecting pneumococcal neuraminidase intracisternally, no peripheral
      hyperinsulinemia resulted, indicating that increased spinal fluid insulin and its
      consequent increase of glucose uptake, rather than decreased spinal fluid
      glucose, is necessary to elicit the vagally mediated insulin secretion and
      hypoglycemia. It is hypothesized that increased spinal fluid insulin causes an
      increased glucose uptake of some glucoregulatory area of the brain and that the
      elicited reflex is vagally mediated pancreatic insulin secretion.

PMID- 1100460
TI  - Effect of cerebral intraventricular insulin on pancreatic insulin secretion in
      the dog.
AB  - The effect of cerebral intraventricular insulin on pancreatic insulin secretion
      was investigated. An extracorporeal pancreatic blood circuit was established
      after laparotomy to monitor blood flow and insulin concentration directly from
      the superior pancreaticoduodenal vein. Phentolamine was infused throughout (0.2
      mg./min. intravenously) to block alpha-adrenergic effects of any catecholamine
      secretion induced by surgical stress. Glucose (1.5 mg./kg./min. intravenously)
      was infused to maintain a constant baseline stimulation of insulin secretion. Six
      dogs received insulin and six control dogs received saline through a spinal
      needle stereotaxically placed into the left lateral cerebral ventricle. After
      central injection of insulin (0.2 U./kg.) there was a significant increase of
      pancreatic output as early as five minutes. It is concluded that the pancreatic
      beta-cells are under the influence of insulin-sensitive cells of the CNS.

PMID- 1100461
TI  - Ethanol-induced alterations of glucose tolerance, postglucose hypoglycemia, and
      insulin secretion in normal, obese, and diabetic subjects.
AB  - Ethanol at an average blood concentration of 1 mg. per milliliter enhanced the
      immediate (first-phase) and prolonged (second-phase) insulin response to an
      intravenous glucose load in nonfasting normal human subjects. Simultaneously, the
      glucose disposal rate was increased and the postglucose hypoglycemia was
      accentuated, resulting in definite hypoglycemic symptoms in some individuals.
      Oral glucose tolerance was not changed by ethanol administration, but the thirty
      minute blood glucose and plasma insulin values were increased, suggesting that
      alcohol might accelerate the absorption of glucose from the gut. Ethanol given
      orally during evening hours (1.5 gm. per kilogram) caused a nocturnal
      hyperinsulinemia and a decrease of blood glucose, but not an actual hypoglycemia.
      Oral glucose tolerance and plasma insulin response tested the next morning, when
      ethanol had disappeared from the blood, were not influenced by drinking the
      previous evening. The K-value of intravenous glucose was increased at this time,
      however. When alcohol was administered for one week at a dose corresponding to 25
      per cent of daily calories and substituting for fat, both the oral and
      intravenous glucose tolerances were impaired in each subject but the insulin
      response remained unchaged. In obese nondiabetic subjects, ethanol did not
      potentiate the early insulin response to intravenous glucose but it increased the
      second phase of insulin secretion in response to sustained hyperglycemia. In
      contrast to conditions in nonobese subjects, the glucose disposal rate was not
      incresed and postglucose hypoglycemia was not accentuated by ethanol in
      overweight subjects. In insulin-deficient diabetic patients the absent early
      insulin response could not be restored by ethanol, and the late component of
      insulin release was little increased by alcohol infusion. Ethanol did not improve
      the glucose utilization of diabetic patients.

PMID- 1100462
TI  - The G cell population of the pyloric antrum of the cat.
AB  - The method used in this study to quantify the G cell population of the cat is
      similar to the technique used for measuring the parietal cell mass in the stomach
      of rats and man. The method may be used on the human antrum. Mucosal sampling
      technique and immunofluorescence methods are described. The method is
      reproducible. G cell distribution in the antrum was not uniform and the highest
      concentrations were found along the lesser curvature. The G cell population was
      10.27, 12.66, 12.87, 12.88 and 15.42 million cells (mean 12.8 x  10(6)) per
      antrum in each of the five cats studied.

PMID- 1100463
TI  - [Prehispanic craniology].

PMID- 1100464
TI  - [Medicine in classical antiquity. I. The birth of medicine in the Mediterranean].

PMID- 1100465
TI  - [Medicine in classical antiquity. II. The statue of Aesculapius in the Academia
      Nacional de Medicina].

PMID- 1100466
TI  - [Medicine in classical antiquity. III. Various teachings of Hippocrates].

PMID- 1100467
TI  - Actions of gastrointestinal hormones and related peptides on the motor function
      of the biliary tract.

PMID- 1100468
TI  - Serum immunoglobulin M concentrations following bowel resection in chronic
      inflammatory bowel disease.
AB  - Serum immunoglobulin alterations were characterized in 20 patients with chronic
      inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD) undergoing bowel resection and in 11 control
      subjects undergoing intra-abdominal operations. Serum immunoglobulin M (IgM)
      values became elevated during the 2nd week in both groups with individual serum
      IgM concentrations reaching as high as 9 times preoperative values. The IgM
      increment, which was 19 S polyclonal immunoglobulin, was significantly greater in
      the CIBD group than in controls. Because of a recent suggestion that this IgM
      rise might be related to the pathogenesis of CIBD, the affinity of this IgM for
      colon was studied in two ways. Serum anticolon antibody titers did not change
      after surgery nor did IgM, isolated from serum after surgery and labeled with
      125I, bind to homogenates of normal or CIBD colon. Titers of heterophile antibody
      and antibodies directed against Escherichia coli, Bacteroides, and blood group
      antigens increased in many patients. In most instances, these increments were
      shown to be antibody of the IgM class by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol. These
      data indicate that the IgM changes after abdominal surgery (1) are not specific
      for CIBD patients, (2) do not represent antibody directed against colon antigens,
      and (3) include increased titers of several IgM antibodies. These findings might
      be explained by a response to bacterial or tissue antigens released at or after
      the time of surgery.

PMID- 1100469
TI  - Hepatocellular uptake of bile acids in the dog: Evidence for a common carrier
      mediated transport system. An indicator dilution study.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to compare the uptake of taurocholate (TC) by the
      liver of the dog to that of taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC) and to examine the
      influence of TCDC on TC uptake. The uptake of these bile acids by the liver of
      the intact was studied with the multiple indicator dilution method, using 51Cr
      labeled red blood cells as a vascular indicator, 125I-labeled albumin as an
      extravascular reference, and one or two labeled bile acids. The analysis of the
      dilution curves fitted well a three-compartment model, and no return of the
      extracted bile acids to the extracellular space could be detected. The initial
      space of distributin of TC in the presence of a fixed dose of TCDC was 1.25 +/-
      0.09 (SD) times greater than that of albumin. Analysis of the data for TC uptake
      in the presence of TCDC was consistent with Michaelis-Menten kinetics, as
      previously established for TC alone. The calculated initial maximal velocity of
      uptake (Vmax) of TC in the precence of TCDC was 4.92 +/- 1.36 (SD) mumoles per
      sec per 100 g of liver. This value is not significantly different from the Vmax
      previously calculated for TC alone. The apparent KD (dose of TC yielding half
      maximal velocity) was 18.10 +/- 6.14 (SD) mumoles per 100 g of liver, a value
      significantly higher than that obtained in the absence of TCDC. A K1 (the
      Michaelis-type constant characterizing the inhibition of TC uptake by TCDC) of
      2.71 +/- 1.08 (SD) mumoles of TCDC per 100 g of liver was calculated. These
      observations are consistent with competitive inhibition of TC uptake by TCDC, and
      thus with the existence of a common carrier-mediated transport system for TC and
      TCDC. Estimation of the kinetic characteristics of the two bile acids from
      dilution curves obtained simultaneously showed that the affinity for the carrier
      was higher for TCDC than for TC, but that the maximal capacity was lower for TCDC
      than for TC.

PMID- 1100470
TI  - [Motherhood divinities, female fertility idols and motherhood].

PMID- 1100471
TI  - [General theory of medical diagnosis and therapy].

PMID- 1100472
TI  - [On the beginnings of hormonal contraception (author's transl)].
AB  - The possibility of hormonal contraception was postulated as early as 1919 by the
      physiologist Ludwig Haberlandt in Innsbruck. The same year, he began to test his
      hypothesis in animal experiments. In 1924 he succeeded in his efforts to render
      mice infertil by orally administering ovarian and placental extracts. He failed
      to have his method tried in women.

PMID- 1100473
TI  - [Determination of ethyl mercury chloride by using certain species of fungi and
      yeasts].

PMID- 1100474
TI  - Staffing patterns and professional profiles of the health care manpower.

PMID- 1100475
TI  - Characteristics and health behavior of the aged population.

PMID- 1100476
TI  - Improving the care of the aged through interdisciplinary efforts.

PMID- 1100477
TI  - Research in adult learning: the individual.

PMID- 1100478
TI  - Robert J. Havighurst at seventy-five.

PMID- 1100479
TI  - Edmund Vincent Cowdry 1888-1975.

PMID- 1100480
TI  - John Esben Kirk 1905-1975.

PMID- 1100481
TI  - [Effects of lynestrenol used singly in low doses, as a contraceptive].

PMID- 1100482
TI  - [The use of polyglycolic acid sutures in the gyneco-obstetric patient].

PMID- 1100483
TI  - [8 cases of congenital absence of vagina: treatment with free skin graft for a
      new vagina].

PMID- 1100484
TI  - [Contribution of scientists to the cause of work and health protection of workers
      during World War II].

PMID- 1100485
TI  - [Development of the scientific approach to obstetrics in Poland in the years 1795
      1914].

PMID- 1100486
TI  - [Endometrial candidiasis in women. Microscopic studies].

PMID- 1100487
TI  - The autonomic nervous system and its relationship to tubal ovum transport--a
      reappraisal.
AB  - The role of the autonomic nervous system in controlling ovum transport remains
      obscure. Although not studied extensively in the oviduct, the para-sympathetic
      nervous system does not appear to significantly influence ovum transport. The
      sympathetic nervous system of the oviduct and its pharmacology have been studied
      more thoroughly. Despite this, little information is available concerning
      cellular mechanisims of adrenergically altered motility or transport. In spite of
      much speculation, the weight of evidence suggests that, at least in the rabbit,
      the sympathetic nervous system plays a minor role in the control of ovum
      transport.

PMID- 1100489
TI  - A simple method of fixing human umbilical cord to visualize the nodes of Hoboken
      in gross preparations.

PMID- 1100488
TI  - Sperm transport to and survival in the human fallopian tube.
AB  - A review is given on sperm migration to and sperm survival within the human
      Fallopian tube. Sperm migration from the external os can be very fast. The
      survival time of spermatozoa in the oviduct has been demonstrated to be 85 h.
      Spermatozoa normally enter the abdominal cavity through the open fimbriated end.
      Laterally closed oviducts retain spermatozoa resulting in a larger number of
      spermatozoa than in the normal oviduct, where the number of sperm at the site of
      fertilization is very low. The morphology of spermatozoa reaching the ampulla of
      the oviduct is mostly normal, which seems to be based on the correlation between
      normal morphology and good motility. Spermatozoa within the abdominal cavity do
      not cause antibody formation of any importance for the fertility of the woman.

PMID- 1100490
TI  - Professor Dr. Edward Loth (1884-1944) (on the 30th anniversary of his death).

PMID- 1100491
TI  - The isolation of protoplasts of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces by
      Trichoderma viride and snail enzymes.
AB  - The formation of protoplasts of the fission yeasts Schizosaccharomyces pombe and
      Schizosaccharomyces versatilis after the combined application of snail enzymes
      and Trichoderma viride enzymes in an osmotic stabilizer (0.4M KCl, pH 5.5) was
      studied by light and electron microscopy. The effect of the enzymes used leads
      during 30 min to the formation of 100% protoplast population. Using electron
      microscopy no original walls or wall remnants were detected in the suspension of
      protoplasts. Protoplasts are viable and in liquid nutrient medium they regenerate
      cell walls and revert into normal cells. Such a protoplast population may be
      useful for biochemical study of protoplast metabolism by quantitative methods as
      well as for the chemical study of regenerating cell walls.

PMID- 1100492
TI  - Penicillinamidohydrolase in Escherichia coli. II. Synthesis of the enzyme,
      kinetics and specificity of its induction and the effect of O2.
AB  - The differential rate of synthesis of penicillinamidohydrolase (penicillin
      acylase -- EC 3.5.1.11) was studied in Escherichia coli growing in some
      chemically defined media and in a complex medium. The enzyme is synthesized at a
      constant rate only during the exponential phase of growth of cells. Its synthesis
      is induced most effectively (with respect to quantity) by phenylacetic acid. The
      induction lag of the enzyme synthesis in a medium with acetate corresponds to two
      generation times. The highest rate of the enzyme synthesis is reached in a medium
      containing phenylacetic acid as the only source of carbon and energy. The enzyme
      synthesis is fully repressed by an increased concentration of dissolved oxygen in
      the medium, even when Escherichia coli is cultivated in the medium with
      phenylacetic acid as the only carbon and energy source.

PMID- 1100493
TI  - The effect of medium composition on the production of valine by Corynebacterium
      9366 - EMS/184.
AB  - The auxotrophic mutant Corynebacterium 9366-EMS/184, requiring isoleucine
      accumulates about 22 g of L-valine per litre after a 96 h cultivation in a medium
      containing 15% sucrose and 1% ammonium acetate.

PMID- 1100494
TI  - Haematopoiesis in the spleen of lethally irradiated mice 9, 12, 16 and 20 days
      after the transplantation of homologous bone marrow cells.

PMID- 1100495
TI  - Double-blind controlled study of L-Dopa therapy in schizophrenia.

PMID- 1100496
TI  - In vivo chromosome-damaging effect of cyclohexylamine in the chinese hamster.

PMID- 1100497
TI  - Carboxylic acids in petroleum and sediments.

PMID- 1100498
TI  - Structural investigations of natural products by newer methods of NMR
      spectroscopy.

PMID- 1100499
TI  - Applications of the chiroptical techniques to the study of natural products.

PMID- 1100500
TI  - Chemistry and biosynthesis of plant galactolipids.

PMID- 1100501
TI  - Recent advances in polynucleotide synthesis.

PMID- 1100502
TI  - Naturally occurring 2,5-dioxopiperazines and related compounds.

PMID- 1100503
TI  - Formation of a complex between yeast proteinases A and B.
AB  - Sephadex G-100 gel filtration of a purified mixture of tryptophan-synthase
      inactivating enzymes I and II from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which had previously
      been identified as yeast proteinases A and B, yields two coincident peaks of
      tryptophan-synthase-inactivating activity and proteinase A and B activities. The
      peaks correspond to molecular weights of approximately 100 000 and 50 000. It
      could be demonstrated, with purified proteinases A and B, that the high molecular
      weight peaks is due to the formation of a stoichiometric complex between
      proteinases A and B. The AB complex can easily be separated into its constituent
      enzymes by DEAE-Sephadex chromatography. When in the AB complex, proteinase B
      molecules still bind the specific proteinase B inhibitor from yeast.

PMID- 1100504
TI  - Synthesis of a chemically reactive analog of the nonsense codon U-G-A. Its
      reaction with ribosomes of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Nitrophenylated 5'-uridylic acid could be employed as primer in a
      polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase (Micrococcus luteus) reaction to yield
      5'-nitrophenylated Pu-G-A. After reduction of the nitrophenyl moiety and
      subsequent bromoacetylation, a 5'-bromoacetamido-phenyl-phosphorylated U-G-A was
      obtained, which could be used as an affinity label for the ribosomal binding site
      of the nonsense codon. If freshly prepared active ribosomes were employed in the
      incubation mixtures, the U-G-A analog reacted exclusively with one protein, which
      is tentatively identified as protein S18. Exposure of ribosomes to low
      temperatures gave rise to a reaction of the U-G-A label with another protein,
      which was identified as protein S4, the ram gene product. The results of the
      affinity labeling experiments with the chemically reactive U-G-A derivative are
      very similar to that obtained with a corresponding derivative of the initiation
      codon A-U-G (O. Pongs and E. Lanka (1975) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75, 1505
      1509), which suggests that 70S ribosomes have one preferential codon binding
      site.

PMID- 1100505
TI  - Investigation of the proposed anhydride intermediate in the asparaginase
      reaction.

PMID- 1100506
TI  - The primary structure of the 5s rRNA binding protein L25 of Escherichia coli
      ribosomes.
AB  - The primary structure of protein L25 from the large subunit of Escherichia coli
      ribosomes was determined by isolation and analysis of peptides obtained after
      cleavage of the protein with trypsin, thermolysin and Staphylococcus protease as
      well as by Edman degradation of the intact protein and of a CNBr peptide. The
      complete amino acid sequence is shown in Fig. 4. There are sequence homologies
      within protein L25 (Table 6) as well as between protein L25 and other ribosomal
      proteins (Table 5).

PMID- 1100507
TI  - Properties of Isoaccepting tRNALys, tRNAGlu and tRNAGln from rabbit Reticulocytes
      and liver. Multiplicity, Codon Recognition and Inactivation by Iodine.
AB  - The three tRNA species from rabbit liver and reticulocytes, each corresponding to
      the codons XAA and XAG(X equals A, G, C) were investigated. The elution patterns
      of the isoaccepting tRNA subspecies after separation by reversedphase
      chromatography followed by determination of amino acid acceptance have common and
      differing characteristics. Three subspecies of tRNALys, two of tRNAGlu and three
      of tRNAGln have been found in reticulocytes, wheras two subspecies of tRNALys,
      three of tRNAGlu and four of tRNAGln have been determined in rabbit liver.
      Examination of codon recognition by means of a ribosome binding assay showed that
      each subspecies binds exclusively in the presence of only one of the two possible
      triplets; i.e. wobbling was not found. It has been assumed that this high
      specificity, which is not to be expected according to the "wobble hypothesis", is
      due to a 2-thiouracil base in the first position of the anticodon. This was
      supported by oxidation experiments with iodine. Treatment with iodine
      significantly reduces the aminoacylation capacity of all subspecies that show
      specific binding with triplets ending in adenosine. We describe and compare for
      the first time the characteristics of eucaryotic tRNA species which occupy
      homologous positions in the codon table. Thus it can be seen that all the
      investigated subspecies have rigorously specific codon recognition in common,
      wherby "wobbling" can probably be excluded by a principle that is valid for all
      the investigated species.

PMID- 1100508
TI  - B-chain shortening of matrix-bound insulin with pepsin, II. Preparation and
      properties of camel des-pentapeptide (B26-30)- and des-PheB1-des-pentapeptide
      (B26-30)- insulin.
AB  - Digestion of matrix-bound camel insulin with pepsin was found to be restricted to
      the cleavage of the peptide bond between phenylalanine(B25) and tyrosine(B26).
      Purification of the camel des-pentapeptide(B26-30)-insulin obtained was achieved
      by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography, yielding a molecularly uniform
      product. In the same way, camel des-PheB1-insulin prepared according to a method
      described for bovine insulin was hydrolyzed with pepsin and purified to give the
      des-PheB1-despentapeptide(B26-30)-insulin. The biological activity of these
      modified camel insulins was found to be as much reduced as the corresponding
      bovine insulin analogues. However, the reduced biological activity of camel des
      PheB1-insulin (60%) was a contrast to the fully active bovine des-PheB1-insulin.

PMID- 1100509
TI  - Reversible attachment and localization of the acid-stable seminal plasma acrosin
      trypsin inhibitors on boar spermatozoa as revealed by the indirect
      immunofluorescent staining technique.

PMID- 1100510
TI  - Legal advice needed as hospitals negotiate with PSROs.

PMID- 1100511
TI  - An interview with Rep. Paul G. Rogers (D-FL).

PMID- 1100512
TI  - Dedication. C. George Tedeschi (1904-1974).

PMID- 1100513
TI  - The importance of bone marrow histology.

PMID- 1100514
TI  - Pathology of cerebral embolization caused by nonthrombotic agents.
AB  - Although apparently infrequent, a variety of agents other than thrombotic
      material are known to cause cerebral embolization, often with serious
      consequences. The emboli may originate in different parts of the body or may be
      introduced from outside under diverse circumstances. The pathologic aspects of
      these individual embolic phenomena are described with particular emphasis on
      their recognition at autopsy. Adequate autopsy study appears to be the most
      important source of information for further elucidation of the incidence,
      mechanism, and sequelae of these heterogeneous embolic lesions of the brain. Such
      information is essential for clinical evaluation, management, and, more
      importantly, prevention of some of these potentially serious embolic phenomena.

PMID- 1100515
TI  - Vascular structures in brain tumors.
AB  - The blood vessels within brain tumors show alterations from the normal anatomy.
      Some of these seem to be related to an increased capacity to transfer materials
      between the lumen and the parenchyma and are probably intimately connected with
      the edema associated with the tumor. These alterations include fenestration,
      widened intercellular junctions, increase in pinocytotic vesicles, and infolding
      of the luminal surface. Other alterations are observed but their function is not
      as clear. The latter include an increase in the number of tubular bodies, the
      appearance of tubular structures within vacuoles, tubular arrays within the
      nuclear envelope and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and endothelial proliferation,
      among others.

PMID- 1100516
TI  - Induction of the immune response to cell surface antigens in vitro.
AB  - Two tissue culture incubation systems are described in which immune responses to
      cell surface antigens have been demonstrated. In the one-way "mixed lymphocyte
      interaction" system, a specific stimulation of thymidine uptake was induced by a
      particulate membrane antigen fraction, the microsomal lipoproteins (MLP), when
      low levels (0.01 to 0.001 mug per ml) were incubated with spleen or lymph node
      cells from nonsensitized mice. No stimulation was seen when allogeneic MLP was
      used at high levels, 10 mug per ml, nor at any level with syngeneic MLP. Specific
      effectors were demonstrated after 72-hr incubation with stimulatory levels of
      allogeneic MLP in three separate in vitro assays, a plaque-forming cell reduction
      assay, a tumor target assay, and an antigen-binding cell assay. In the latter
      assay, [125I]MLP was used as the source of antigen. This system has limited
      potential inasmuch as mouse spleen cells do not survive in it beyond the 4th day
      of culture. The second tissue culture system, the Marbrook system, has much
      greater possibilities because at least 25% of the inoculum is recovered 7 days
      later. In this culture system a cell-free sheep erythrocyte membrane preparation
      can induce plaque-forming cells in the absence of macrophages. Using a sensitive
      radioimmunoassay, free specific antibody was detected in culture supernatant
      fluids. With the same culture system, allogeneic lymphocytotoxic cells (killer)
      have been induced with spleen cells from unprimed mice in strains differing at
      the major histocompatibility locus (H-2). Allogeneic MLP induced very significant
      "killer" cell activity with spleen cells from primed mice. In a syngeneic tumor
      system, significant amounts of killer cell activity were induced with unprimed
      spleen cell inocula, and much larger amounts induced with spleen cells from
      immunized mice.

PMID- 1100517
TI  - Distribution of cytophilic and anti-macrophage antibody on the macrophage
      surface.
AB  - The binding of cytophilic antibody to the macrophage surface results in patterns
      of distribution similar to those obtained when specific anti-macrophage antibody
      is used. These patterns are (a) diffuse circumferential binding at 4 degrees C,
      and (b) capping at 37 degrees C. The non-random distribution of the cytophilic
      antibody suggests that it binds to certain well-defined sites on the macrophage
      membrane.

PMID- 1100518
TI  - Endocytosis of chlorambucil-bound anti-tumor globulin following "capping" in EL4
      lymphoma cells.
AB  - A rabbit 7 S antibody reacting specifically with a tumor assoicated antigen on
      the surface of mouse EL4 lymphoma cells could form "caps" and subsequently
      undergo endocytosis even when the antibody was non-covalently bound to
      chlorambucil. As the alkylation of nuclear DNA appears to be the basis of tumor
      inhibition by alkylating agents like chlorambucil, facilitation of the transport
      of chlorambucil across cell membrane by anti-tumor antibodies might explain, at
      least in part, the increased tumor inhibition by cholorambucil bound anti-tumor
      antibodies compared to tumor inhibition by equivalent amounts of tumor antibodies
      or chlorambucil alone.

PMID- 1100519
TI  - Studies on B- and T-cell receptors for lysozyme.
AB  - BALB/c mice have been immunized by intravenous administration of native or
      reduced and alkylated lysozyme. Primary immune response to these antigens was
      studied at the humoral level (by the Farr assay) and at the cellular level (by
      the rosette and the plaque assays using lysozyme coupled to sheep or pigeon
      erythrocytes). Antibodies and theta-negative RFC were specific for the antigen
      used for immunization. Specific inhibition of theta-negative RFC after incubation
      with the soluble immunizing antigen confirmed this specificity. Conversely, most
      theta-positive RFC had double specificity both to native and denatured lysozyme
      and showed lower avidity for the immunizing antigen, as shown by inhibition
      studies with soluble antigen. These data suggest that T cells have a broader
      specificity for lysozyme than B cells and also that, in this particular system,
      cytophilic antibodies are probably not responsible for the formation of theta
      positive rosettes.

PMID- 1100520
TI  - Age-dependent changes in the relative affinity of anti-dinitrophenyl antibodies
      in mice.
AB  - The affinity of anti-DNP antibodies produced by mice of various ages has been
      studied at the cellular level by the plaque inhibition technique. The affinity of
      PFC produced shortly after a single injection of antigen was found to increase
      during the first 6 weeks of life. The responses of 1- and 2-week-old animals also
      showed apparently restricted heterogeneity. The difference in the affinity of
      anti-DNP--PFC between young and adult mice could not be attributed to different
      (serum) levels of antigen or to differences in the rate of maturation of affinity
      during the immune response. Cell transfer experiments suggested that the age
      dependent increase was due to a change in the population of antibody-forming (B)
      cell precursors and not to a progressive improvement of T-cell function. This
      findings is interpreted as favouring somatic mutation theories of antibody
      diversity.

PMID- 1100521
TI  - Experimental murine leprosy: growth of Mycobacterium lepraemurium in C3H and
      C57/BL mice after footpad inoculation.
AB  - Forty-three female C57/BL and C3H mice were inoculated with 2.7 X 10(6)
      Mycobacterium lepraemurium into each hind footpad. The foot thickness and the
      number of acid-fast bacilli in the footpad and popliteal and inquinal lymph nodes
      were recorded. In addition the morphological index and the mean bacillary length
      were determined in the footpad and in the popliteal lymph node. The bacilli
      multiplied in both strains during the first 4 weeks after inoculation. After that
      time no further increase in acid-fast bacilli was observed in the C57/BL strain;
      the bacilli became elongated and the morphological index decreased. These changes
      were preceded by a local swelling of the footpad due to the onset of an immune
      reaction. Thus, under the present conditions, C57/BL mice were able to resist
      experimental infection with M. lepraemurium by developing an immune response. In
      C3H mice no indication of an immune reaction was detected, and the bacilli
      continued to multiply throughout the observation period. The mouse footpad model
      seems to provide an excellent basis for the use of experimental murine leprosy to
      study immunity to mycobacterial infections. Certain aspects of the present model
      are discussed in relation to the mouse footpad model as used in the study of M.
      leprae infection in mice.

PMID- 1100522
TI  - Comparison of leukocyte count and function in smoking and nonsmoking young men.
AB  - Leukocyte function and other hematological measurements were tested in 14 smoking
      and 13 nonsmoking young men free of intercurrent or chronic diseases. Leukocyte
      chemotaxis was depressed in smoking subjects when compared to the same subjects
      abstaining from cigarettes or to the nonsmokers. Smoking did not affect the whole
      blood bactericidal capacity of leukocytes and serum for Staphyloccus aureus or
      Klebsiella pneumoniae. Total leukocyte counts, hematocritis, and monocyte counts
      were higher in the smoking subjects when compared to the nonsmokers.

PMID- 1100523
TI  - Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus infection in mice: difference in
      uremia and ammoniagenesis.
AB  - Lethal infections by Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were
      compared for kidney-related effects in mice. K. pneumoniae caused uremia and an
      increase in blood ammonia that could reach 2.5 times normal. These events did not
      occur in mice inoculated with S. aureus. Use of germfree animals indicated that
      most of the increase in ammonia arose from the gut, presumably due to greater
      availability of urea and ureolysis. Injected ornithine restored blood ammonia to
      nearly normal levels and extended survival.

PMID- 1100524
TI  - Model system for studying colonization and growth of bacteria on a hydroxyapatite
      surface.
AB  - A model system for the study of bacterial colonization and growth on a
      hydroxyapatite (HT) surface is described. Hydroxyapatite was crystallized over
      the surface of porous glass beads. Chemical analysis of the product showed that
      the ratio of Ca2+/P042- was indistinguishable from that of commercial HT powder.
      X-ray diffraction analysis supported the conclusion that the product was HT. A
      system employing [14C]polyethylene glycol, which selectively adsorbs to the glass
      surface of the beads, was developed to determine the amount of glass surface
      covered by HT. Over 90% of the glass surface could be covered by our method. The
      product, HT beads, consisted of approximately 20% (dry weight) HT. The HT beads
      possess several properties which make them potentially useful for studying
      microbial adherence, growth, and interactions. These include: (i) chemical
      similarity to the tooth surface, (ii) large surface area, and (iii) high density.
      We also describe a method for direct measurement of the microbial mass of cells
      growing on    beads. The method entails immobilizing a sample on a membrane
      filter (Millipore), staining it with amido black dye, and eluting the dye for
      spectrophotometric measurement. Streptococcus mutans served as the test organism.
      For free-growing bacteria the values measured with the filter assay were directly
      proportional to cell number, with a value of 1 mug of "protein" corresponding to
      about 1.5 X 10(6) colony-forming units, determined by viable count. For bacteria
      colonizing the beads, 1 mug of protein corresponded to about 2 X 10(7) colony
      forming units on the beads during logarithmic growth. As the culture approached
      stationary phase, the efficiency of the assay decreased. These data indicate that
      multiple random samples, taken at a given time, are representative of the entire
      culture.

PMID- 1100525
TI  - Hepatitis B antigens in serum and liver of chimpanzees acutely infected with
      hepatitis B virus.
AB  - We report the temporal patterns of various immunohistological and serological
      parameters of acute self-limited hepatitis B virus infection of two chimpanzees,
      and we provide evidence that the synthesis of hepatitis B core antigen precedes
      that of hepatitis B surface antigen. Our data suggest that existence of a
      biphasic hepatitis B virus infection involving a hematogenous reinfection of the
      liver and indicate that recruitment of liver cells to produce hepatitis B virus
      may occur in a pattern consistent with a replicative cycle of about 8 days.

PMID- 1100526
TI  - Plasmid-controlled colonization factor associated with virulence in Esherichia
      coli enterotoxigenic for humans.
AB  - An enterotoxin-producing strain of Escherichia coli isolated from a case of
      cholera-like diarrhea (E. coli strain H-10407) was found to possess a surface
      associated colonization factor. Colonization was manifested as the ability of
      small inocula (10(5) bacteria) to attain large (10(9)) populations in the infant
      rabbit intestine with a concomitant diarrheal response. A laboratory-passed
      derivative of E. coli H-10407, designated H-10407-P, failed to exhibit an
      increase in population in the infant rabbit and also failed to induce diarrhea.
      Cell-free culture supernatant fluids of E. coli H-10407 and H-10407-P produced
      equivalent enterotoxic responses in infant and in adult rabbits. Specific anti
      colonization factor antiserum was produced by adsorbing hyperimmune anti-H-10407
      serum with both heat-killed and living cells E. coli H-10407-P. This specific
      adsorbed serum protected infant rabbits from challenge with living E. coli H
      10407 although the serum did not possess bactericidal activity. The anti
      colonization factor serum did not agglutinate a strain of E. coli K-12 possessing
      the K88 colonization factor peculiar to E. coli enterotoxigenic for swine. By
      electron microscopy it was demonstrated that E. coli H-10407, but not H10407-,
      possessed pilus-like surface structures which agglutinated with the specific
      adsorbed (anti-colonization factor) antiserum. E. coli H-10407 possessed three
      species of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid, measuring 60 X 10(6), 42 X 10(6), and
      3.7 X 10(6) daltons, respectively. E. coli H-10407-P possessed only the 42 X
      10(6)- and the 3.7 X 10(6)-dalton plasmid species. Spontaneous loss of the
      specific H-10407 surface-associated antigen was accompanied by loss of the 60 X
      10(6)-dalton species of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid and loss of colonizing
      ability. Thus, it is concluded that the E. coli colonization factor described
      here is a virulence factor which may play an important and possibly essential
      role in naturally occurring E. coli enterotoxic diarrhea in man.

PMID- 1100527
TI  - Amount and avidity of antibody to Escherichia coli O antigen measured with the
      ammonium sulphate precipitation technique in children with urinary tract
      infections.
AB  - The antibody amounts and avidities were analyzed in 13 patients with acute
      primary pyelonephritis, 11 patients with acute primary cystitis, and one with
      ureterocele and recurrent infections, using the ammonium sulphate precipitation
      (ASP) technique. The ASP titrations did not discriminate as well between
      pyelonephritis and cystitis as do the determinations with the indirect
      hemagglutination technique. The increase of antibody titer and avidity detected
      by the ASP method in some of the cystitis patients suggested a deeper tissue
      involvement in some cases resulting in antibodies demonstrable with this
      technique. Since control patients also showed a somewhat heterogenous antibody
      response regarding titer and avidity it cannot be excluded that stimulation by
      Escherichia coli antigens in the gut is detected by the ASP method.

PMID- 1100528
TI  - Immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes: their demonstration in adult sheep and
      ontogeny in the sheep fetus.
AB  - A method for the preparation of lymphocytes from sheep blood is described.
      Lymphocytes from adult and fetal sheep have been examined by immunofluorescence
      for surface immunoglobulin (sIg) determinants. Young adults (1.5 years) had a
      mean of 23.2% sIg cells, older adults (8.75 years) a mean of 9.7% sIg cells.
      Pregnancy did not influence these values. The earliest lymphocytes with sIg in
      fetal lambs were demonstrable at 52 days (96 mm crown-rump length) and countable
      by 56 days (110 mm CRL) at 0.3% sIg. The percentage rose rapidly to 15.1% between
      78 and 87 days, followed by a fall to 2.1% around 117 days with a second increase
      thereafter. The significance of this spontaneous appearance of fetal sIg cells is
      discussed.

PMID- 1100529
TI  - [A system to aid decision-making. Application to automatic interpretation of
      vectorcardiograms].
AB  - This paper presents a complete and autonomous system for the automated diagnosis
      (heuristic approach). The system was worked out by means of a small computer. A
      flexible, evolutive, quasi-universal system is achieved through original
      procedures. A specialised language enables the users to describe diagnoses and
      their criteria in symbolic form. A suitable compiler translates this symbolic
      writing into an interpretable object program. This, with the Interpreter program,
      constitutes the 'Automated Diagnosis Program'. Our data are vectorcardiograms
      recorded according to the Frank orthogonal system. After an interactive pre
      processing process, 180 parameters--mostly spatial--are computed. The data, the
      computed parameters and additional information are stored in a data bank.
      Finally, the medical interpretation is automatically selected from 125
      possibilities. The user could also utilise a data bank interrogation language.

PMID- 1100530
TI  - Computer learning of the differential diagnosis of goiters.

PMID- 1100531
TI  - Attitudes toward alcohol and drug use and abuse. I. Demographic and correlational
      data.
AB  - Research concerning drug- and alcohol-related attitudes was reviewed. Demographic
      variables were not generally consistently related to attitudes. Most personality
      variables were also not consistently correlated with attitudes.

PMID- 1100532
TI  - A bibliography of substance abuse literature 1967-1973.

PMID- 1100533
TI  - Chronic cerebral effects of alcohol and drug abuse.
AB  - A minority of alcohol abusers develop severe cerebral dysfunction in the form of
      Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. There is also evidence to suggest that cerebral
      dysfunction, particularly impaired abstracting ability, occurs in that larger
      population of heavy drinkers who do not go on to develop the  Wernicke-Korsakoff
      syndrome. There is no consistent evidence that long-term marijuana, hallucinogen,
      or sedative use causes lasting neuropsychological disturbance. The deficits in
      abstract thinking reported by some LSD studies are similar to deficits others
      have reported among alcoholics. Since the LSD studies were not controlled for
      alcohol use, their interpretation is difficult. It appears that cerebrovascular
      accidents occur more frequently and at a younger age among amphetamine abusers.
      There is no reliable information about possible other long-term effects of
      stimulants on the brain per se (i.e., nonvascular complications). Abuse of
      intravenous narcotics has been associated with case reports of transverse
      myelitis and encephalitis. It is not known whether this pathology is a direct or
      hypersensitivity effect of narcotic drugs, of adulterants, or of infection.

PMID- 1100534
TI  - The use of tranquilizers in the treatment of mixed drug abuse.
AB  - If the abuse potential of tranquilizers, and particularly benzodiazepines, is
      examined by their administration as a therapeutic agent to persons dependent on
      alcohol, alcohol and drugs, or drugs alone, these substances are found to be
      potentially dependence producing with similar mechanisms to those of other
      hypnotics and sedatives. However, their abuse potential varies from one substance
      to another, and on the whole is relatively small. At all events, with constant
      medical supervision, patients who were previously dependent on a drug of
      barbiturate type do not independently increase their intake so as to become
      dependent on the tranquilizers. These experiments on persons with an inherent
      susceptibility to dependency show that tranquilizers must represent only a very
      small risk to the general population. The view that benzodiazepines are not
      potentially dependence producing has no more scientific foundation than the
      exaggerated fears of this potential. Important is that the uncontrolled supply of
      highly potent tranquilizers, and above all those with a strong sedative
      component, leads to dependence in a considerable percentage of cases in the
      treatment of mixed abuse. No conclusions in absolute terms on the risk presented
      by tranquilizers (and above all benzodiazepines) may be drawn from observations
      made in the uncontrolled administration of these substances in case of
      polytoxicomania. It follows that tranquilizers, which, as far as their
      therapeutic effect is concerned, are a valuable aid in the treatment of drug
      abuse, can be safely given when there is constant medical supervision combined
      with psychotherapy. The basic principle to be followed in the use of
      tranquilizers for the treatment of drug-dependent persons, is, therefore, their
      periodic administration in limited doses with constant medical supervision. In
      principle, however, because of the abuse potential which is nevertheless present,
      the same mode of administration is also to be recommended for other patient
      groups. Uncontrolled long-term administration is to be rejected in all
      circumstances, and supply should be strictly on prescription only in order to
      prevent uncontrolled acquisition. The various experiments carried out by us on
      the administration of benzodiazepines to patients with simple or mixed drug
      dependence show that the habit forming potential of benzodiazepines must, on the
      whole, be considered as being relatively small; at all events, this group of
      substances is the least hazardous of all known sedatives. This is of considerable
      importance, since the neuroleptics and antidepressants (which in themselves
      present no risk of abuse) are generally poorly tolerated and refused by patients
      with an inherent tendency towards drug dependence.

PMID- 1100535
TI  - Effects of Demetrin on circulation.
AB  - In a double-blind study the influence of Demetrin on cardiovascular activity was
      investigated. Basic values before treatment were compared with values after 1 and
      2 weeks' administration. The cardiovascular parameters "pulse rate" and "blood
      pressure" were studied in the orthostatic tolerance test (pivoting table) and in
      the bicycle ergometer test. Results were evaluated with variance analysis.
      Demetrin at dosage levels of 3 x 10 mg/day and 3 x 20 mg/day did not influence
      cardiovascular function. Occasionally mild sedation was observed.

PMID- 1100536
TI  - Dose titration of steroidal and non-steroidal topical anti-inflammatory agents.
AB  - Although there is a variety of animal models available, neither a single assay
      system nor the results of the various assays permit absolute protection of
      relative anti-inflammatory potency. Equally, current clinical dose titration
      studies, although more reliable, provide only gross estimates of therapeutic
      potency when conducted in certain clinical situations in a double-blind
      randomized fashion. This paper delineated clinical means to titrate more 
      objectively and accurately therapeutic potency in the patient. Moreover, it has
      submitted considerations as to how to assess therapeutic anti-inflammatory
      activity in the complex multi-component process of inflammation accompanying most
      dermatologic diseases that eventually may permit titration of specific anti
      inflammatory compounds on certain tissue components of the inflammatory process.

PMID- 1100537
TI  - Assessment and treatment of abstinence in the infant of the drug-dependent
      mother.
AB  - To accomplish the assessment and treatment of abstinence in the infant of the
      drug dependent mother, a scoring system has been devised for use as a clinical
      and research tool. The score monitors the passively addicted infant in a more
      comprehensive and precise way than has previously been described, and permits us
      to be more objective in our clinical estimates of the abstinence syndrome.
      Further, this scoring system has been used by relating it to the dosage schedule
      of phenobarbital or paregoric as part of an ongoing research project designed to
      test the comparative usefulness of recommended treatments for neonates with
      abstinence symptoms. It has been found useful also in following the progression
      or diminution of symptomatology before, during and after drug therapy. Moreover,
      the scoring system provides a basis for developing uniform criteria for the
      assessment and treatment of the neonate of the addicted mother.

PMID- 1100538
TI  - Carbenicillin in the first nine months of unrestricted use. A chapter in the
      natural history of an antibiotic.
AB  - During the first nine months following its release for general use, carbenicillin
      was administered to forty-two patients in Hahnemann Hospital. Thirty-nine
      available records of patients receiving the drug for other than urinary infection
      were reviewed. Among children, all but one had mucoviscidosis: most were given
      acceptable therapeutic regimens; survival rate was 80%, and their physicians were
      favorably impressed. Among adults, underlying disease was usually life
      threatening; most were inadequately treated; survival rate was 31%, and their
      physicians were not favorably impressed. The multiplicity of variables precludes
      objective evaluation of the drug under the circumstances of its use, but one that
      could have been avoided was the inconsistency of the therapeutic regimen, which
      in adult patients was too often insufficient. As used, therefore, carbenicillin
      has not provided the benefits predicted from its earlier controlled evaluation,
      and the large expenditure of money, particularly by adult patients, has been
      largely wasted.

PMID- 1100539
TI  - Prediction of psychotropic properties of lisuride hydrogen maleate by
      quantitative pharmaco-electroencephalogram.
AB  - Based on "quantitative pharmaco-EEG" using computer-analyzed EEG (CEEG)
      measurements, unknown CNS effects of lisuride hydrogen maleate (LHM) were
      established. CEEG profiles of LHM in low dosages (less than or equal to 10 mcg)
      are similar to CNS "inhibitory" compounds, while in higher dosages (25 mcg to 100
      mcg) they resemble "psychostimulant" compounds. By measuring the brain function
      using computer period analysis of cerebral biopotentials, dose-efficacy relations
      were found (in the range of 25-75 mcg) which suggest the bioavailability of LHM
      at the CNS level. By comparing the CEEG profiles of LHM with the previously
      studied compounds, five different clinical uses of LHM were predicted. The pilot
      trials suggest that LHM may have therapeutic potentials in patients with "aging"
      and/or organic brain syndromes, and in children with behavioral disturbances.

PMID- 1100540
TI  - Clinical pharmacology of SQ 10,996, a potential antidepressive agent.
AB  - Single oral doses of SQ 10,996 ranging from 500 to 1000 mg (0.34 to 15.3 mg/kg),
      given once daily for 3 consecutive days to groups of healthy volunteers, were
      well tolerated. One of three subjects given 1250 mg (17.1 mg/kg) and two of three
      subjects given 1500 mg (15.6 and 21.4 mg/kg) became drowsy on the second and
      third days; this symptom disappeared within 24 hrs after cessation of dosage. A
      short-term, multiple-dose tolerance study was carried out with a formulation of
      SQ 10,996, the bioavailability of which was comparable to that of the formulation
      used earlier in the ascending-dose tolerance study. When 200-mg doses were
      administered every 12, 8, or 6 hrs over a 6-day period, mean steady-state serum
      concentrations of approximately 4, 7, and 8 mug/ml were attained within 48 hrs;
      unexpectedly, no subject showed any sign of drowsiness. The half-life for SQ
      10,996 in serum, estimated from concentrations in serum after the last dose, was
      approximately 13 hrs, significantly shorter than the half-life found previously
      after the administration of single 10-mg doses. These clinical pharmacology
      studies in healthy volunteers have shown SQ 10,996 to be biologically available
      and well tolerated. Future studies will test its antidepressive potential in
      patients.

PMID- 1100541
TI  - Serum growth hormone, serum immunoreactive insulin and blood glucose response to
      oral and intravenous diazepam in man.
AB  - The effect of diazepam on blood glucose, serum immunoreactive insulin (IRI), and
      growth hormone (GH) were studied in 10 volunteers who received diazepam in oral
      doses of 5 and 10 mg, and intravenously 10 mg. They also received placebo and
      saline treatment. There was a dose-dependent rise in GH after diazepam
      administration, and the rise was related to the peak plasma level of the drug. A
      highly significant correlation between the concentrations of serum GH and plasma
      diazepam was found. During the i.v. and oral administration of 10 mg of diazepam,
      the peak GH levels, reached in 30 and 60 minutes (19.6+/-2.9 and 15.2+/-3.2ng/ml,
      respectively), were significantly higher than those during saline and placebo
      periods (4.3+/-0.8 and 5.9+/-1.1 ng/ml, respectively). There was a tendency to a
      rise of blood glucose levels, but no significant changes of serum IRI.

PMID- 1100542
TI  - Tritiated digoxin: studies in renal disease in human subjects.
AB  - Digoxin is excreted primarily in the urine as the unchanged glycoside: 60-80% can
      be recovered from the urine in 7 days after a single intravenous dose in the
      human subject. Definition of the role of the kidney in digoxin excretion,
      turnover and metabolism was studied in 57 patients with renal disease, transplant
      candidates and/or donors and recipients of renal transplants. A single dose of 3H
      digoxin was given to the subjects, frequent serum samples were obtained and all
      urine and stools were saved for 7 days. All specimens were extracted with
      chloroform and digoxin, and its metabolites were separated by column
      chromatography. Results reveal that the serum T1/2 and the dominant T1/2 of
      digoxin are prolonged in renal disease in direct proportion to the reduction in
      creatinine clearance (r = 0.833). The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is also related
      to digoxin clearance (r = 0.742). The higher the BUN, the less digoxin excreted
      in the urine. Anephric patients excrete more digoxin in stool, but this does not
      compensate for the lack of renal excretion. Transplanted kidneys excrete digoxin
      in proportion to renal functional capacity, as do patients who have experienced
      unilateral nephrectomy. Peritoneal or hemodialysis is not effective in removing
      digoxin from the human subject and may lead to digitalis intoxication if K+ is
      allowed to fall to critical levels. Digoxin excretion is not volume related, as
      patients with nephritogenic diabetes insipidus excrete the drug normally with
      urine volumes of 12 liters a day. Digoxin doses in renal insufficiency should be
      dictated by knowledge of renal functional ability of the kidneys and after
      "normal" loading doses, and maintenance doses should be 1/4 to 1/2 those usually
      administered.

PMID- 1100543
TI  - Current concepts of therapy and pathophysiology in arthropod bites and stings.
      Part 1. Arthropods.

PMID- 1100545
TI  - The artist and skin disease: Ivan Albright.

PMID- 1100544
TI  - Chemotherapy of psoriasis.

PMID- 1100546
TI  - Methods of assessing gingival and periodontal disease: a review.
AB  - There has been an effort by the dental profession working in the field of
      gingival and periodontal disease to find a method of recording the extent and
      degree of pathological change in tissues leading from gingivitis to periodontitis
      and to measure reversible as well as irreversible changes. It is obvious that
      some form of index is required and it should have the following well-defined
      criteria: (1) Simplicity, (2) Accuracy, (3) Quantitativeness, (4)
      Reproducibility, (5) Speed, (6) Objectivity, and (7) Amenability to statistical
      analysis. Indices, as well as determining the prevalence of disease in the group
      under investigation at a given period in time, must also provide information on
      incidence of disease, i.e. at different periods of time. Indices must also give
      data that make it possible to verify the nature, severity and aetiology of the
      disease process and to evaluate therapeutic measures. Indices yield information
      about the success or failure of control and prevention of disease, affecting the
      gingivae and the periodontal tissues. A review of methods of assessing and
      recording gingival and periodontal disease is presented starting from the early
      investigations of the century. It is shown that subsequently many variations
      evolved, often with the same inherent difficulties of interpretation or
      application. Usually the initial stages of inflammation of the gingivae are more
      difficult to recognize than established disease. Present methods of recording as
      objectively and as quickly as possible the gingival state in population groups
      are discussed with emphasis upon the necessity for providing effective preventive
      measures based upon assessment of schoolchildren.

PMID- 1100547
TI  - 67Ga citrate in computer-assisted subtraction scintigraphy of secondary liver
      tumors.

PMID- 1100548
TI  - Vitamin B12 and folic acid studies by saturation analysis techniques. A review.

PMID- 1100549
TI  - [Dr. h. c. Walter Jager].

PMID- 1100550
TI  - Detection of tumor virus genomes by nucleic acid hybridization.

PMID- 1100551
TI  - Problems connected with the separation of different kinds of cells.

PMID- 1100552
TI  - [The patient with the operated on stomach].

PMID- 1100553
TI  - [Postoperative anus incontinence].

PMID- 1100554
TI  - [Surgery of the pancreas. Results and sequelae].

PMID- 1100555
TI  - [The patient with portacaval anastomosis].

PMID- 1100556
TI  - [Education and continuing education in internal medicine. Introduction].

PMID- 1100557
TI  - [Is the Approbation Act as bad as its reputation? Views on the reform of medical
      education].

PMID- 1100558
TI  - [Education of internal medicine specialists in the USA].

PMID- 1100559
TI  - [New viewpoints in medical education].

PMID- 1100560
TI  - [General education (humanities) is the nervous system of medicine].

PMID- 1100561
TI  - [Sclerosing peritonitis (fibroplastic peritonitis) caused by practolol?].

PMID- 1100562
TI  - Buffon and Daubenton: divergent traditions within the Histoire naturelle.

PMID- 1100563
TI  - Anthropology and evolution: a comment on Wells.

PMID- 1100564
TI  - Porcelain fused to metal dental restorations.

PMID- 1100565
TI  - Double blind study of clonidine and placebo for the prophylactic treatment of
      migraine.

PMID- 1100566
TI  - Isometheptene--a non-ergot drug in the treatment of migraine.

PMID- 1100567
TI  - [Hair growth on pedunoular skin flaps in the guinea pig].
AB  - In animal experiments with 12 male guinea pigs skin defects have been covered
      with one-sided bridge flaps. As opposed to corresponding earlier investigations
      on free full thickness skin autografts no irreversible and much less reversible
      damage to the hair follicles could be demonstrated in these skin flaps in the
      primary postoperative phase. In the later postoperative phase, there was--similar
      to the free full thickness skin autografts--a synchronization of hair change over
      several cycles, but on the other hand there was no precipitation of hair change.
      As a result of these findings it may be assumed that the secondary damage to the
      hair follicles in the later postoperative phase is not as pronounced in these
      flaps as in free full thickness skin autografts.

PMID- 1100568
TI  - [Acquired epidermolysis bullosa in Crohn's disease].
AB  - A case of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita associated with colitis granulomatosa
      (Crohn's disease) is reported. Although the cutaneous lesions of this unusual
      disease resemble in their clinical, histological and ultrastructural features to
      those of the hereditary epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica, the epidermolysis
      bullosa acquisita has to be regarded as a separate entity among the blistering
      epidermolysis because of its late manifestation in adults without evidence of
      hereditary disorders. The deposits of immunoglobulins in the involved skin of the
      acral areas demonstrated fluorescentmicroscopically are discussed in regard of a
      possible etiopathogenic relation with the primary irritated intestinal disease.

PMID- 1100569
TI  - [Letter: Blood group antibodies in the immunofluorescence diagnosis of pemphigus
      vulgaris].

PMID- 1100570
TI  - [Stomach wall necrosis as a complication of proximal selective vagotomy in uremic
      patients].

PMID- 1100571
TI  - An analysis of Wilhelm Johannsen's genetical term "genotype' 1909--26.

PMID- 1100572
TI  - Heterochromatin and sister chromatid exchanges in the chromosomes of Microtus
      agrestis.

PMID- 1100574
TI  - Letter: Prevention and treatment of venereal disease.

PMID- 1100573
TI  - Enzyme cytochemistry of blood and marrow cells.
AB  - Diseases of the blood and bone marrow are commonly associated with abnormalities
      of oxido-reductase and lysosomal enzymes within individual erythrocytes and
      leucocytes. There are considerable technical difficulties, however, in adapting
      enzyme histochemical techniques to the study of haemopoietic tissue since
      individual cells are readily disrupted during processing, show variable enzyme
      activity according to the stage of maturation, and possess a lipoprotein
      cytoplasmic membrane which hinders reagent penetration. Cytochemical techniques
      for the study of oxido-reductase systems are of importance in the study of the
      neutrophil in infected patients, the erythrocyte in glucose-6-phosphate
      dehydrogenase deficiency, and the primitive blast cell in acute leukaemia.
      Lysosomal enzymes are of importance in the study of the neutrophil in infected
      patients and in the differential diagnosis of acute leukaemia. Some examples of
      recent studies of these enzyme systems are given to illustrate technical
      procedures involving cytocentrifugation of cells on to glass slides, adjustment
      of the osmolality of the reaction mixture, and the study of smeared cells as
      opposed to cells incubated in suspension.

PMID- 1100575
TI  - Evaluation of reproductive status of nonpregnant mares.

PMID- 1100576
TI  - Common diseases of small cetaceans.

PMID- 1100577
TI  - Retention of Salmonella typhimurium by certain species of fish and shrimp.
AB  - Marine fish (Mugil cephalus, Fundulus heteroclitus, Trachinotus carolinus), lake
      shrimp (Penaeus setiferus), and channel catfish (Ictalurus lacustris punctatus)
      were exposed to Salmonella typhimurium and cultured after 2 hours and at daily
      intervals for 30 days. Salmonella typhimurium was recovered from all exposed
      animals after 2 hours and for 30 days in all animals except P setifurus. The
      organisms could not be recovered from those shrimp after the initial sampling
      period. Apparent salmonellosis developed in certain specimens of M cephalus and T
      carolinus 10 to 14 days after exposure to S typhimurium.

PMID- 1100578
TI  - Obituary: Prof. Zinaida Vissarionouna Ermolieva.

PMID- 1100579
TI  - Synergism between ultrasonic waves and hydrogen peroxide in the killing of micro
      organisms.

PMID- 1100580
TI  - Survival of Escherichia coli in stream water in relation to carbon dioxide and
      plant photosynthesis.

PMID- 1100581
TI  - Studies on sampling methods used in the control of hygiene in poultry processing.

PMID- 1100582
TI  - Forty years on.

PMID- 1100583
TI  - A critical appraisal of the importance of R-factors in the Enterobacteriaceae in
      vivo.

PMID- 1100584
TI  - The clinical, haematological and bacteriological effects of long-term treatment
      with co-trimoxazole.

PMID- 1100585
TI  - Specific inhibitors of influenza virus replication as potential chemoprophylactic
      agents.

PMID- 1100586
TI  - Thymineless mutants and their resistance to trimethoprim.

PMID- 1100587
TI  - The trials of clinical trials.

PMID- 1100588
TI  - Antifungal drugs.

PMID- 1100589
TI  - Laboratory and clinical studies with sulfametopyrazine as a treatment for
      bacteriuria in pregnancy.

PMID- 1100590
TI  - Treatment of recurrent bacteriuria with pivmecillinam (FL 1039).

PMID- 1100591
TI  - Resistance to trimethoprim in Klebsiellae isolated before its introduction.

PMID- 1100592
TI  - Treatment with metronidazole of three patients with serious infections due to
      Bacteroides fragilis.

PMID- 1100593
TI  - Postnatal development of pyrogenic sensitivity in guinea pigs.
AB  - Despite evidence of thermoregulatory ability from birth, neonates generally are
      unable to develop fever when challenged with endotoxin. This could be due to
      their small capacity for heat storage. To test this possibility, the pyrogenicity
      of S. enteritidis endotoxin (2 mug/kg, iv) was measured at both room (Ta = 25
      degrees C) and neutral (Tn = 29-33 degrees C, depending on age) temperatures in 0
      to 32-day-old unanesthetized guinea pigs, reared from birth at about 24 degrees
      C. Control guinea pigs received sterile saline injections in concurrent
      experiments. Shivering, O2 uptake, and colonic (Tre) and subcutaneous [over the
      interscapular fat pad (Tbat) and the sacrospinalis muscle (Tsc)] temperatures
      were recorded continuously for 4 h after injection. Endotoxin generally produced
      no febrile responses at both ambient temperaturess  rises in animals aged 8 or
      more days; Tbat increased before the other sites in the 8- and 16-day-old
      animals, and shivering did not occur; by 32 days of age, however, Tbat no longer
      increased first, and there was shivering. In Tn significant febrile rises were
      not evident until 32 days of age; control temperatures, however, were elevated
      during this exposure as compared to at Ta. These results showed therefore that
      pyrogenic sensitivity is not apparent in guinea pigs during the first postnatal
      week; thereafter fever responses are evocable, but their detection may be masked
      by environmentally produced changes in body temperature. The data also indicated
      that the site of the heat production underlying, in part, endotoxic fevers
      gradually shifts from brown fat so skeletal muscle during the first month of
      life.

PMID- 1100594
TI  - Stability in lobar ventilation distribution during change in thoracic
      configuration.
AB  - Stability in lobar ventilation was examined in dogs during bilateral
      electrophrenic respiration (BEPR) and positive pressure-assisted ventilation
      (PPAV). Bilateral prior ligation of the lower and middle lobe pulmonary arteries
      monitoring of upper lobe ventilation as alveolar minute ventilation (VA), middle
      and lower lobe ventilation as dead space (VD), and VD/VT ratio, both calculated
      by the Bohr equation. As documented by chest films, transverse and
      anteroposterior thoracic diameters during BEPR decreased below FRC values whereas
      thoracic cephalocaudal dimension greatly increased. During PPAV, all thoracic
      dimensions increased. Despite these dissimilar regional chest movements, VA, VD,
      and VD/VT ratio were comparable between PPAV and BEPR under conditions of matched
      tidal volume and respiratory frequency. Stability in upper lobe ventilation
      during BEPR was maintained by caudal displacement despite the compression of the
      rib cage, as documented by tantalum bronchography. Lobar-interdependence appears
      to be the mechanism transmitting negative pleural pressure developed by the
      diaphragm to the upper lobes via lower and middle lobe inflation.

PMID- 1100595
TI  - Determination of plasma volume by 113min-labeled transferrin.
AB  - The binding property of ionic indium (In3+) with plasma transferrin was utilized
      for determination of plasma volumes (PV) of whole body and individual organs in
      small animals. Plasma transferrin from a donor rat was labeled with 15-17 muCi
      113mIn/ml plasma and injected into the tested rats. PV were determined either by
      extrapolation to the dilution at time zero (for whole animals) or by calculation
      of the ratio, organ radiation: radiation of a plasma unit volume (for organs).
      The reliability of the method for determination of whole-body PV was ascertained
      by comparing the results obtained with those obtained simultaneously by the Evans
      blue dilution method. Whole body PV values obtained by the two methods were
      similar, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.997. The short half life of
      113mIn enables it to be used with other nuclides which have similar or different
      energies in the same sample; indium radiation was counted first and after it had
      disappeared the activity of the other nuclide could be measured.

PMID- 1100596
TI  - Maltose transport in Escherichia coli K-12: involvement of the bacteriophage
      lambda receptor.
AB  - Mutants affected in lamB, the structural gene for phage lambda receptor, are
      unable to utilize maltose when it is present at low concentrations (less than or
      equal 10 muM). During growth in a chemostat at limiting maltose concentrations,
      the lamB mutants tested were selected against in the presence of the wild-type
      strain. Transport studies demonstrate that most lamB mutants have deficient
      maltose transport capacities at low maltose concentrations. When antibodies
      against purified phage lambda receptor are added to a wild-type strain, transport
      of maltose at low concentrations is significantly reduced. These results strongly
      suggest that the phage lambda receptor molecule is involved in maltose transport.

PMID- 1100597
TI  - Role of the receptor for bacteriophage lambda in the functioning of the maltose
      chemoreceptor of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Chemotaxis towards maltose is specifically defective in many strains of
      Escherichia coli carrying mutations affecting lamB, the gene coding for the outer
      membrane receptor for bacteriophage lambda. However, with one exception, the most
      extreme effect of lamB mutants on the maltose response as determined in the
      capillary assay is a shift to higher sugar concentrations and a reduction in the
      number of bacteria accumulated to about 25% of the wild-type level. The severity
      of the taxis defect is strongly correlated with reduced ability of the cells to
      take up the maltose present at 1 and 10 muM. Evidence presented here and in the
      accompanying paper indicates that the lambda receptor is involved in the
      transport of maltose at these concentrations. The effects of lamB mutations on
      maltose taxis can be explained by postulating that the high-affinity maltose
      transport system in which the lambda receptor participates transfers maltose from
      the surrounding medium across the outer membrane and into the periplasmic space.
      If the maltose chemoreceptor detects sugar present in the periplasmic space, and
      not molecules external to the outer membrane, then defective transport of low
      concentrations of maltose into the periplasm would result in the observed
      apparent reduction in the sensitivity of the maltose receptor. Thus, the lambda
      receptor protein would participate in maltose chemorecepton only indirectly
      through its role in maltose transport.

PMID- 1100598
TI  - Isolation of an Escherichia coli mutant deficient in glutathione synthesis.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli that contains essentially no detectable glutathione
      has been isolated. The mutant contains a very low level of the enzyme glutathione
      synthetase and accumulates lambda-glutamyl cysteine at a concentration
      approximately equal to the level of glutathione found in its parent. No
      significant differences in growth were observed between the mutant and its
      parent. However, the activity of at least one enzyme was found to be affected by
      the absence of glutathione; the specific activity of the B1 subunit of
      ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase was greatly reduced. The possibility that
      the decreased B1 activity is due to a mutation in the structural gene coding for
      B1 or its regulatory gene could be eliminated. This suggests that one role of
      glutathione in the cell is to maintain at least this one protein in an active
      state. We propose the designation gshB for the gene coding for glutathione
      synthetase.

PMID- 1100599
TI  - Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis mutants: their effect upon
      bacteriophage P2 and satellite bacteriophage P4 deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.
AB  - Escherichia coli C strains containing different deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
      synthesis mutations have been tested for their support of the DNA synthesis of
      bacteriophage P2 and its satellite phage P4. Bacteriophage P2 requires functional
      dnaB, dnaE, and dnaG E. coli gene products for DNA synthesis, whereas it does not
      require the products of the dnaA, dnaC, or dnaH genes. In contrast, the satellite
      virus P4 requires functional dnaE and dnaH gene products for DNA synthesis and
      does not need the products of the dnaA, dnaB, dnaC, and dnaG genes. Thus the P2
      and P4 genomes are replicated differently, even though they are packaged in heads
      made of the same protein.

PMID- 1100600
TI  - Indirect selection of bacterial plasmids lacking identifiable phenotypic
      properties.
AB  - A procedure is described that uses an indicator plasmid (pSC201) to identify
      cells in a bacterial population that have been co-transformed with a second
      plasmid lacking detectable phenotypic properties. Under appropriate conditions of
      indirect selection, between 50 and 85% of transformants carrying the indicator
      plasmid also contain the nonselected plasmid. A temperature-sensitive mutation in
      the replication functions of the indicator plasmid enables its elimination from
      doubly transformed bacteria. Using this procedure, we have isolated bacteria that
      carry only the small cryptic plasmid. P15A, of the Escherichia coli strain 15.
      This genetic element, which contains only 2,300 nucleotide pairs, is thus capable
      of functioning as a replicon independently of the two larger plasmids normally
      associated with it in E. coli 15 strains (Ikeda, Inuzuka, and Tomizawa, 1970).

PMID- 1100601
TI  - Growth rate of Enterobacteriaceae at elevated temperatures: limitation by
      methionine.
AB  - The effect of elevated temperatures on growth rate was studied in five strains of
      Enterobacteriaceae. In all the strains tested a shift to the elevated temperature
      resulted in an immediate decrease in growth rate which was due to limitation in
      the availability of endogenous methionine. The first biosynthetic enzyme of the
      methionine pathway-homoserine transsuccinylase-was studied in extracts of
      Aerobacter aerogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Escherichia coli and was shown
      to be temperature sensitive in all of them.

PMID- 1100602
TI  - Mutations affecting transport of the hexitols D-mannitol, D-glucitol, and
      galactitol in Escherichia coli K-12: isolation and mapping.
AB  - Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 unable to grow on any of the three naturally
      occurring hexitols D-manitol, D-glucitol, and galactitol and, among these
      specifically, mutants with altered transport and phosphorylating activity have
      been isolated. Different isolation procedures have been utilized, including
      suicide by D-[3H]mannitol, chemotaxis, and resistance to the toxic hexitol
      analogue 2-deoxy-arabino-hexitol. Mutations thus obtained have been mapped in
      four distinct operons. (i) Mutations affecting an enzyme II-complexmt1 activity
      of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system all map in gene
      mtlA. This gene has previously been shown (Solomon and Lin, 1972) to be part of
      an operon, mtl, located at 71 min on the E. coli linkage map containing, in
      addition to mtlA, the cis-dominant regulatory gene mtlC and mtlD, the structural
      gene for the enzyme D-mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase. The gene order in this
      operon, induced by D-mannitol, is mtlC A D. (ii) Mutations in gene gutA affecting
      a second enzyme II-complexgut of the phosphotransferase system map at 51 min,
      clustered in operon gutC A D together with the cis-dominant regulatory gene gutC
      and the structural gene gutD for the enzyme D-glucitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
      The gut operon, previously called sbl or srl, is induced by D-glucitol. (iii)
      Mutations affecting the transport and catabolism of galactitol are clustered in a
      third operon, gatC A D, located at 40.5 min. This operon again contains a cis
      dominant regulatory gene, gatC, the structural gene gatD for galactitol-1
      phosphate dehydrogenase, and gene gatA coding for a thrid hexitol-specific enzyme
      II-complexgat. Other genes coding for two additional enzymes involved in
      galactitol catabolism apparently are not linked to gatC A D. (iv) A fourth class
      of mutants pleiotropically negative for hexitol growth and transport maps in the
      pts operon. Triple-negative mutants (mtlA gutA gatA) do not have further
      transport or phosphorylating activity for any of the three hexitols.

PMID- 1100603
TI  - Role of methionine in the regulation of serine hydroxymethyltransferase in
      Eschericia coli.
AB  - Significant derepression of serine hydroxymethyltransferase is observed when metE
      or metF mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 are grown on D-methionine sulfoxide
      instead of L-methionine. The derepression is not prevented by addition of
      glycine, adenosine, guanosine, guanosine, and thymidine to the growth medium of
      methionine-limited metF cells showing that the effect is not due to a secondary
      deficiency of these nutrients. On the other hand, methionine-limited growth of a
      metA mutant leads to derepression of met regulon enzymes, but only a marginal
      increase in serine hydroxymethyltransferase activity. A prototrophic metJ strain
      grown on minimal medium has about the same serine hydroxymethyltransferase as the
      wild type. The enzyme activity of the metJ strain is not influenced by
      methionine, but it is partially repressed by glycine, adenosine, and thymidine.
      metK strains have about twice as much serine hydroxymethyltransferase activity as
      wild-type cells when grown on minimal medium; but when both types of cells are
      grown on medium supplemented with glycine, adenosine, guanosine, and thymidine,
      their enzyme activities are about the same. The results show that methionine
      limitation can lead to depression of serine hydroxymethyltransferase, but that
      the regulatory system is different from the one which controls the methionine
      regulon.

PMID- 1100604
TI  - "Killer" character does not influence the transmission of mitochondrial genes in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - Three cytoplasmic genetic elements have been shown to be separate from
      mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), [rho], in Saccharomyces cerevisiae:
      the killer character [k], omicron-DNA, and psi [psi]. Griffiths has suggested
      genetic interactions between [VENR] and [TETR] mutants possibly located on
      omicron-DNA and mitochondrial genetic markers, but possible interactions between
      the best characterized of the three, the killer character, and mitochondrial DNA
      have not been investigated. To test this we isolated cycloheximide-induced
      nonkiller segregants (NKS) of killer cells with suitable genetic markers and
      mated them in [k] x [k], [k] x [k], and (NKS) x (NKS) combinations. No
      differences in quantitative mitochondrial marker transmission between these
      groups were found in crosses illustrating the mitochondrial phenomena of bias,
      polarity, and suppressiveness. Our studies show that no intercellular
      interactions between [k] and (NKS) cells influence mitochondrial transmission
      genetics. Intracellular interactions between the smaller double-stranded
      ribonucleic acid of [k] and mitochondrial DNA also were not detected.

PMID- 1100605
TI  - Genetic mapping of a mutation that causes ribonucleases III deficiency in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - the mutation that causes ribonuclease III (RNase III) deficiency in strain AB301
      105 of Kindler et al. (1973) has been mapped by use of F' merodiploids, Hfr
      matings, and P1 transduction. This mutation, rnc-105, lies close to nadB, near 49
      min on the genetic map of Escherichia coli. The rnc-105 mutation has been
      transferred from its original genetic background by transduction and conjugation,
      and these new strains have the same defects in ribonucleic acid processing
      reported previously for AB301-105. Strains that carry rnc-105 grow more slowly
      than parental rnc+ strains, but the difference in growth rate seems to depend on
      the genetic background of each strain. Bacteriophage T7 grows about equally well
      in RNase III+ and III- female strains of E. coli, even though the specific cuts
      that RNase III makes in T7 ribonucleic acid are not made in the RNase III-
      strains. A low-phosphate defined medium in which most E. coli strains seem to
      grow well was developed. This medium is equally useful for labeling ribonucleic
      acids with 32PO4 and as a selective medium for genetic manipulations. It was used
      to determine the growth requirements of strain AB301-105, which are biotin and
      succinate in addition to the methionine and histidine requirements of the
      parental strain. The biotin mutation lies near the position expected from known
      mutations of E. coli, but the succinate mutation apparently does not. The
      possibility that the succinate requirement could be due to the RNase III
      deficiency is discussed. A uraP mutation was isolated for use in transferring rnc
      105 between strains by conjugation. It lies near 47 min, somewhat removed from
      the commonly accepted position for uraP.

PMID- 1100606
TI  - Mapping and characterization of a mutation in Escherichia coli that reduces the
      level of ribonuclease III specific for double-stranded ribonucleic acid.
AB  - Localization of a mutation affecting ribonuclease III activity (an enzyme
      specific for double-stranded ribonucleic acid) in Escherichia coli was attempted.
      By a series of matings and transduction experiments, the mutation rnc-105 was
      mapped near the nadB gene. In strains carrying this mutation, another mutation
      (ranA2074) was also found. Based on available data, their order on the E. coli
      chromosome appears to be tyrA, ranA, nadB, rnc, purI. Strains carrying either the
      ranA2074 or the rnc-105 mutation fail to grow at 45 C in enriched medium, whereas
      strains carrying only the rnc-105 mutation are defective in ribonuclease III
      activity. Strains carrying either of these mutations grow more slowly than
      corresponding wild-type strains in all media tested at all temperatures; the rnc
      105 mutation reduces the growth rate more than the ranA2074 mutation. T4 and T7
      bacteriophages form plaques with a lower efficiency on strains carrying the rnc
      105 mutation than on other strains. Thus we suggest that ribonuclease III is
      beneficial for normal growth of E. Coli and that at higher temperatures it
      becomes indispensable.

PMID- 1100607
TI  - Transfer ribonucleic acid methylase deficiency found in UGA supressor strains.
AB  - Extracts of recessive UGA suppressor strains, designated supK, are deficient in
      transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)-methylating activity when compared to wild-type
      extracts. Moreover, the tRNA from suppressor strains is methyl deficient when
      compared to wild-type tRNA. This deficiency is due to the lack of a single tRNA
      methylase activity in suppressor strains. UGA suppressor activity may be caused
      by the miscoding of one or more methyl-deficient tRNA's in supK strains.

PMID- 1100608
TI  - Nature and properties of hexitol transport systems in Escherichia coli.
AB  - In Escherichia coli K-12 the naturally occurring hexitols D-mannitol, D-glucitol,
      and galactitol are taken up and phosphorylated via three distinct transport
      systems by a mechanism called either group translocation or vectorial
      phosphorylation. For every system, a membrane-bound enzyme II-complex of the
      phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system has been found, each
      requiring phosphoenolpyruvate, enzyme I, and HPr or alternatively P-HPr as the
      phosphate donor. Cells with a constitutive synthesis of all hexitol transport
      systems but with low P-HPr levels have very low transport and phosphorylating
      activities in vivo, although 40 to 90% of the enzyme II-complex activities are
      detected in cell extracts of such mutants. No indications for additional hexitol
      transport systems, especially for systems able to transport and accumulate free
      hexitols as in Klebsiella aerogenes, have been found. Substrate Km, and Vmax of
      the three transport systems for several hexitols and hexitol analogues have been
      determined by growth rates, transport activities, and in vitro phosphorylating
      activities. Each system was found to take up several hexitols, but only one
      hexitol serves as the inducer. This inducer invariably is the substrate with the
      highest affinity. Since bacterial transport systems, as a general rule, seem to
      have a relatively broad substrate specificity, in contrast to a more restricted
      inducer specificity, we propose to name the system inducible by D-mannitol and
      coded by the gene mtlA the D-mannitol transport system, the system inducible by D
      glucitol and coded by gutA the D-glucitol transport system, and the system
      inducible by galactitol and coded by gatA the galactitol transport system.

PMID- 1100609
TI  - Effects on specific antibodies on the catalytic activity of L-asparaginase from
      Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli.
AB  - Rabbit antisera against highly purified L-asparaginase from Serratia marcescens
      and from Escherichia coli showed up to 60% inhibition of the catalytic
      amidohydrolysis of L-asparagine when combined with the homologous enzyme. This
      inhibition was diminished somewhat against the heterologous enzyme. Kinetic
      studies in the presence of these antisera showed an increased Kmapp for both
      homologous and heterologous enzymes using L-asparagine as substrate. In contrast,
      kinetic studies employing the poor substrate, L-glutamine, showed activation
      attributable to specific antibodies. This was seen in lower Kmapp values and up
      to twofold increases in the Vmax over the normal rabbit serum controls. The high
      degree of cross-inhibition (approximately 80%) and the low degree of cross
      reactivity in the quantitative precipitin test (approximately 34%) suggest that
      these two enzymes possess structural similarities located mainly in the regions
      of the catalytic sites.

PMID- 1100610
TI  - Lag in adaptation to lactose as a probe to the timing of permease incorporation
      into the cell membrane.
AB  - If bacteria are incapable of forming and incorporating proteins into the
      cytoplasmic membranes in all phases of the cell cycle, then not all cells from an
      asynchronous culture should be capable of growth when switched to a new carbon
      and energy source whose metabolism requires new membrane function. The transfer
      of an inducible culture to low lactose provides such a situation since the cells
      cannot grow unless galactoside permease can function to concentrate the lactose
      internally. From such experiments, it was concluded that the Y gene product of
      the lac operon is synthesized, incorporated, and can start functioning in active
      transport, at any time throughout the bulk of the cell cycle. Not only were the
      lags before growth re-ensued much shorter than would be expected if the membrane
      transport capability could only be developed in  a small portion of the cycle,
      but brief pulses of a gratuitous inducer shortened the lags much further. Three
      types of Escherichia coli ML 30 culture were studied: cells that had exhausted
      the limiting glucose; cells taken directly from glucose-limited chemostats; and a
      washed suspension of highly catabolite repressed cells from cultures grown in
      high levels of glucose and gluconate. The growth studies reported here were
      performed on-line with a minicomputer. They represent at least an order of
      magnitude increase in accuracy in estimating growth parameters over previous
      instrumentation.

PMID- 1100611
TI  - Isolation of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid from two strains of Bacteroides.
AB  - Two clinical isolates of Bacteroides contained covalently closed circular
      deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as shown by sedimentation in an alkaline sucrose
      gradient, CsCl ethidium bromide equilibrium centrifugation, and electron
      microscopy. Bacteriodes fragilis N1175 contained a homogeneous species of plasmid
      DNA with a molecular weight of 25 x 10(6). Bacteroides ochraceus 2228 contained
      two distinct, covalently closed circular DNA elements. The larger cosedimented
      with the covalently closed circular DNA form of the R plasmid, R100,
      corresponding to a molecular weight of 70 x 10(6); the smaller sedimented as a
      58S molecule with a calculated molecular weight of 25 x 10(6). The roles of these
      plasmids are unknown. Neither strain transferred antibiotic resistance to plasmid
      negative Bacteroides or Escherichia coli, and neither produced bacteriocins
      active against other Bacteroides or sensitive indicator strains of E. coli.

PMID- 1100612
TI  - Behavior of spindles and spindle plaques in the cell cycle and conjugation of
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The interdependence of spindle plaque with other aspects of cell division and
      conjugation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been investigated. Three forms of the
      spindle plaque appear sequentially before the formation of the complete,
      intranuclear spindle. The single plaque is present initially in the mitotic
      cycle; it becomes transformed into a satellite-bearing single plaque during the
      latter part of G1. Subsequently, plaque duplication yields the double plaque
      characteristic of the early phase of budding, which coincides with the period of
      chromosome replication (S). The eventual separation of these plaques to form a
      complete spindle, with a single plaque at each pole, is nearly coincident with
      the completion of S. The form of the plaque differs in two independent cases of
      G1 arrest: the single plaque is found in a cell in stationary arrest of growth,
      whereas a cell arrested by mating factors in preparation for conjugation contains
      a satellite-bearing single plaque. The latter form is retained during zygote
      formation, where it serves as the initial site of fusion of each prezygotic
      nuceus with the other. This fusion results in the formation of  a single zygotic
      nucleus with a satellite-bearing single plaque, which is subsequently transformed
      into a double plaque as the zygote buds. The double plaque is situated adjacent
      to the site of bud emergence in both vegetative cells and zygotes.

PMID- 1100613
TI  - Sizing of bdellovibrio during growth.
AB  - A technique for the counting and relative sizing of host-independent bdellovibrio
      during growth, with the aid of a modified Coulter counter, is described.

PMID- 1100614
TI  - Recipient ability of bacteriophage-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - The ability of a wide range of bacteriophage-resistant mutants to act as
      recipients in conjugation with F'lac pro and R100-1 donors has been studied. A
      number of mutant types defective in recipient ability with F'lac pro, as well as
      mutants which were hyperrecptive with R100-1, have been detected.

PMID- 1100615
TI  - Bacteriophage Mu-1-induced permeability mutants in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Apparent permeability mutations were produced in Escherichia coli K-12 by
      bacteriophage mu-1 mutagenesis. They are pleiotropic mutations showing
      sensitivity to a number of detergents and unrelated antibiotics, and presumably
      they affect cell wall or membrane biosynthesis. One of the mutations was
      genetically mapped at a site in or near the acrA and mtc loci at approximately
      10.5 min on the Taylor and Trotter map (1972).

PMID- 1100616
TI  - Characterization of V-prime factors in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - An episome derived from an Hfr(v) (Hfr isolated from a V colicinogenic parent)
      strain of Escherichia coli K-12 was isolated and characterized. The direction of
      gene transfer was inverted from that in the original parental strain.

PMID- 1100617
TI  - Transductional mapping of gene trmA responsible for the production of 5
      methyluridine in transfer ribonucleic acid of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The gene trmA, responsible for the production of 5-methyluridine (ribothymidine)
      in transfer ribonucleic acid, has been located at 79 min on the chromosomal map
      of Escherichia coli K-12. In five-factor crosses the gene order was shown to be
      argH-trmA-rif-thiA-metA. The co-transduction frequency between argH and trmA was
      65%. Furthermore, the trmA5 mutation was shown to be recessive, in agreement with
      the notion that the trmA gene is the structural gene for the transfer tibonucleic
      acid (5-methyluridine) methyltransferase.

PMID- 1100618
TI  - Physiological and biochemical studies on the function of 5-methyluridine in the
      transfer ribonucleic acid of Escherichia coli.
AB  - Matched pairs of transductant strains differing by the presence of absence of 5
      methyluridine (ribothymidine) (m5U) in their transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)
      were used to study the function of this modified nucleoside in Escherichia coli.
      Ordinary measurements of growth rate in different media revealed no effect of the
      loss of m5U in tRNA. A gene located close to trmA (the structural cistron for the
      methyltransferase that produces m5U in tRNA), however, was found to reduce the
      growth rates significantly, depending on the medium and the temperature of
      cultivation. Measurement of codon recognition, macromolecular composition, tRNA
      binding to the ribosome, and the rate of protein chain elongation in vivo
      indicated no disadvantage caused by the lack of m5U. The regulation of ilv and
      his operons seemed also to be unaffected by the absence of m5U in the tRNA. In a
      mixed population experiment, however, cells possessing m5U in their tRNA seemed
      to have a distinct advantage over cells lacking this modified nucleoside. This
      experiment provides the first indication of the overall value of m5U in tRNA.

PMID- 1100619
TI  - [Lysosomal enzymes in the rinse products of the marginal periodontal region in
      experimental gingivitis in man].

PMID- 1100620
TI  - Uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase. Uridine monophosphate-dependent
      reduction by alpha- and beta-D-glucose.
AB  - Rates of UMP-dependent reduction of the DPN+ associated with Escherichia coli UDP
      galactose-4-epimerase at 27 degrees and 0.2 M ionic strength in 0.1 M Tris-HCl
      buffer, pH 8.5, are reported. The reaction exhibits excellent pseudo-first order
      behavior when D-glucose is at anomeric equilibrium. The effects of [UMP] and
      [glucose] on the observed first order rate constants are consistent with the
      following equation. The symbols phi are empirical parameters. (See article). The
      data indicate that the pathway involves random equilibrium binding of UMP and
      glucose followed by rate-limiting decomposition of the ternary complex to
      epimerase-DNPH. The binding parameters indicate that the principal activating
      effect of UMP is not simply to increase the affinity of the enzyme for glucose.
      UMP appears to increase the reactivity or availability of enzyme-bound DPN+. The
      kinetic isotope effect for the reaction of D-]1-2H]glucose (kH/kD) is 4.2, which
      confirms that C-1 is oxidized and that hydride transfer is rate limiting. Both of
      the purified anomers, alpha- and beta-D-glucose, reduce the enzyme-bound DPN+. As
      indicated by the deviations from pseudo-first order kinetics because of
      concurrent mutarotation, the beta anomer is the more reactive, reacting about 4
      to 5 times faster than the alpha anomer at concentrations well below saturation.
      Is is suggested that the lack of stereo-specificity in this reaction may be
      attributed to the two anomers being productively bound with their opposite faces
      projecting toward C-4 of bound DPN+. Nonstereospecific oxidation of alpha- and
      beta-D-glucose may be a model for the mechanism of UDP-hexose epimerization,
      which also involves nonstereospecific hydride transfer.

PMID- 1100621
TI  - Reactivation of the lipid-depleted pyruvate oxidase system from Escherichia coli
      with cell envelope neutral lipids.
AB  - The pyruvate oxidase system of Escherichia coli is composed of a soluble
      flavoprotein, pyruvate oxidase (EC 1.2.2.2, pyruvate:ferricytochrome b1
      oxidoreductase), and an electron transport system associated with the cell
      envelope-membrane fraction. The membrane particles contain 15% lipid by weight.
      Fractionation of the lipids revealed that abut one-third are neutral lipids and
      two-thirds are phospholipids. The relative ratio of ubiquinone to menaquinone
      within the neutral lipid fraction is 15:1 on a molar basis. Removal of the lipids
      from the membrane particles by extraction with aqueous acetone or hydrolysis of
      the phospholipids by treatment with Bacillus cereus phospholipase C results in a
      complete loss of electron transport activity. Analysis of the particles extracted
      with aqueous acetone revealed that practically all the neutral lipids and 65% of
      the phospholipids are removed by this treatment. Phospholipase treatment results
      in a loss of 75% of the membrane phospholipid phosphorus; however, the
      diglycerides and the neutral lipids produced by phospholipase hydrolysis remain
      associated with the particles. Addition of neutral lipid and a detergent, hepta
      DL-alanyl dodecylamide to the acetone-extracted material results in a restoration
      of 37% of the original particle activity. Addition of neutral lipid and hepta-DL
      alanyl dodecylamide to phospholipase-treated particles completely restores the
      original electron transport activity. Furthermore, addition of ubiquinone from
      either yeast (UQ6) or E. coli (UQ8) will restore pyruvate oxidase activity when
      the quinones are supplemented with photoinactivated neutral lipid. No restoration
      of activity to phospholipase-treated particles is noted upon the addition of
      either menaquinone 6 or menaquinone 8 to the reconstitution system. In fact,
      these compounds appear to suppress restoration of activity when they are added to
      reaction mixtures containing neutral lipid and phospholipase-treated particles.

PMID- 1100622
TI  - Evidence for the coordinate control of glycogen synthesis, glucose utilization,
      and glycolysis in Escherichia coli. I. Quantitative covariance of the rate of
      glucose utilization and the cellular level of fructose 1,6-diphosphate during
      exponential growth and nutrient limitation.
AB  - In cultures of Escherichia coli W4597(K) and G34 under various nutritional
      conditions the rates of glucose utilization and cellular levels of fructose-1,6
      P2 are quantitatively related by the Hill equation where the value of the Hill
      coefficient is approximately equal to 2. This is the first evidence that fructose
      P2, or any metabolite which covaries with fructose-P2, modulates glucose
      utilization in E. coli. In light of previous observations from our laboratory
      this new observation and those in the succeeding report provide the first
      evidence that in E. coli glycolysis, glycogen synthesis and glucose utilization
      are coordinately regulated, thus providing for the coupling of ATP utilization
      and production under various metabolic circumstances. Alterations in the level of
      ATP apparently affect the velocity of phosphofructokinase, the rate-limiting
      enzyme in glycolysis, altering the cellular levels of glucose-6-P or fructose-P2.
      Changes in the levels of these hexose phosphates are quantitatively related to
      alterations in the rates of glucose utilization and glycogen synthesis in the
      intact E. coli cell.

PMID- 1100623
TI  - Evidence for the coordinate control of glycogen synthesis, glucose utilization,
      and glycolysis in Escherichia coli. II. Quantitative correlation of the
      inhibition of glycogen synthesis and the stimulation of glucose utilization by
      2,4-dinitrophenol with the effects on the cellular levels of glucose 6-phosphate,
      fructose, 1,6-diphosphate, and total adenylates.
AB  - In cultures of Escherichia coli W4597(K) and G34 under various nutritional
      conditions the rates of glucose utilization and cellular levels of fructose-1,6
      P2 are quantitatively related by the Hill equation where the value of the Hill
      coefficient is approximately equal to 2. This is the first evidence that fructose
      P2, or any metabolite which covaries with fructose-P2, modulates glucose
      utilization in E. coli. In light of previous observations from our laboratory
      this new observation and those in the succeeding report provide the first
      evidence that in E. coli glycolsis, glycogen synthesis and glucose utilization
      are coordinately regulated, thus providing for the coupling of ATP utilization
      and production under various metabolic circumstances. Alterations in the level of
      ATP apparently affect the velocity of phosphofructokinase, the rate-limiting
      enzyme in glycolsis, altering the cellular levels of glucose-6-P or fructose-P2.
      Changes in the levels of these hexose phosphates are quantitatively related to
      alterations in the rates of glucose utilization and glycogen synthesis in the
      intact E. coli cell.

PMID- 1100624
TI  - Studies on the mechanism of inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium by 1,2,4
      triazole.
AB  - The inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium by 1,2,4-triazole appears to be mediated
      through an effect on L-cysteine biosynthesis. O-Acetylserine sulfhydrylase A, the
      final enzyme in the L-cysteine biosynthetic pathway, was found to catalyze a
      reaction (triazolylase) between O-acetyl-L-serine and 1,2,4-triazole, giving
      1,2,4-triazole-1-alanine as a product. In wild type S. typhimurium grown on 4 mM
      1,2,4-triazole, 97% of the total O-acetyl-L-serine synthesized in vivo is
      incorporated into 1,2,4-triazole-1-alanine. 1,2,4-triazole also significantly
      lowers the levels of several of the enzymes necessary for sulfate reduction. This
      effect is presumably due to the ability of the inhibitor to lower intracellular
      concentrations of O-acetyl-L-serine, an inducer of these enzymes. Inhibition of
      growth is probably caused by L-cysteine starvation, arising from the decreased
      availability of the L-cysteine precursors, sulfide and O-acetyl-L-serine. Two
      1,2,4-triazole-resistant strains bearing mutations in cysK, the structural gene
      for O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase A, incorporate only small quantities of O-acetyl
      L-serine into 1,2,4-triazole-1-alanine in vivo. In vitro studies, using purified
      preparations of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase A, revealed greater losses of
      triazolylase activity than sulfhydrylase activity in the enzymes from both cysK
      mutants. Resistance to 1,2,4-triazole apparently can arise from mutations leading
      to a preferential loss of triazolylase activity or from mutations which diminish
      both activities to the extent that high concentrations of O-acetyl-L-serine and
      sulfide accumulate behind the sulfhydrylase reaction.

PMID- 1100625
TI  - Outer membrane as a diffusion barrier in Salmonella typhimurium. Penetration of
      oligo- and polysaccharides into isolated outer membrane vesicles and cells with
      degraded peptidoglycan layer.
AB  - In Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, the cell wall that contains both
      the outer membrane layer and the peptidoglycan layer acts as a barrier of the
      molecular sieve type for the penetration of uncharged saccharides (G. Decad, T.
      Nakae, and H. Nikaido (1974) Fed. Proc. 33, 1240). Here we examined which of the
      layers of the cell wall limited the size of the penetrating molecules, by
      studying the penetration of saccharides into (a) cells whose peptidoglycan layer
      had been destroyed by lysozyme treatment or growth in the presence of penicillin
      and (b) isolated outer membrane vesicles. We found that peptidoglycan-defective
      cells were similar to intact, plasmolyzed cells in that they allowed a partial
      penetration of stachyose (molecular weight 666), but essentially excluded
      saccharides with molecular weights higher than 900 to 1000. We also found that
      the isolated outer membrane acted as a penetration barrier for saccharides. These
      observations led us to conclude that the outer membrane, rather than
      peptidoglycan, sets the size limit for the penetration of uncharged, hydrophilic
      molecules through the E. coli or S. typhimurium cell wall. The isolated outer
      membrane, however, had an exclusion limit much higher than that found in intact
      cells. This "leakiness" could be decreased either by the use of mutants producing
      extremely deficient lipopolysaccharide, or by trypsin treatment of the isolated
      membrane followed by heating and slow cooling in the presence of Mg2+. We feel
      that these observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the resealing of
      the ruptured outer membrane during the isolation procedure is often incomplete,
      and that cracks and holes thus generated are responsible for the "leakiness" of
      the isolated membrane vesicles.

PMID- 1100626
TI  - Inactivation of normal beta-D-galactosidase by antibodies to defective forms of
      the enzyme.
AB  - A counterpart of the antibody-mediated activation of genetically defective
      enzymes is reported here. Antibodies elicited by certain mutant forms of beta-D
      galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) of Escherichia coli were found to inactivate the
      normal form of the enzyme. (Antibodies elicited by normal beta-D-galactosidase do
      not affect the enzyme's catalytic activity.) We present evidence that the
      inactivating antibodies are directed against one or a few determinants of the
      enzyme. The level of inactivation caused by the antibodies was independent of
      temperature below 25 degrees and increased with temperature above 25 degrees. The
      inactivation was proportional to the concentration of antiserum until a maximum
      level of 50% inactivation was reached. Antibodies capable of inactivating up to
      87% of the activity were obtained after the antiserum was partially absorbed in
      an affinity column. This antibody preparation showed a 10-fold enrichment of
      inactivating antibodies over other antibodies direct against the enzyme. The
      antibody-mediated inactivation caused a reduction in the Vmax of beta-D
      galactosidase without affecting the apparent Km of the enzyme. In contrast to
      antibodies to normal beta-D-galactosidase, inactivating antibodies changed the
      response of the enzyme to cations. To explain these results, we present a model
      in which there is a temperature-dependent equilibrium between two active forms of
      beta-D-galactosidase. Inactivation results from a conformational change induced
      by the binding of inactivating antibodies to only one of these two forms.

PMID- 1100627
TI  - Action of the highly purified, membrane-bound enzyme phosphatidylserine
      decarboxylase Escherichia coli toward phosphatidylserine in mixed micelles and
      erythrocyte ghosts in the presence of surfactant.
AB  - Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase, Escheichia coli, was purified to near
      homogeneity by the procedure of Dowhan, W., Wickner, W. T., and Kennedy, E. P.
      ((1974) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 3079-3084) and assayed by following the production of
      CO2 using gas chromatography. The purified enzyme has an absolute requirement for
      the surfactant Triton X-100. The function of Triton in the assay is evaluated and
      a kinetic scheme describing the action of this membrane-bound enzyme in the
      micellar system provided by the surfactant is presented. According to this
      scheme, the enzyme first binds to a mixed micelle, composed of phosphatidylserine
      and Triton, where the dissociation constant is KSA. The enzyme, now part of the
      mixed micelle, then binds the substrate phosphatidylserine in its active site and
      this binding is related to the Michaelis constant, KMB. KSA, expressed as the sum
      of the molar concentrations of Triton and phosphatidylserine, is about 0.04 M.
      KMB, expressed as the mole fraction of phosphatidylserine in the mixed micelles,
      is about 0.03. Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase activity toward
      phosphatidylserine in human erythrocyte ghosts was also determined. The amount of
      phsophatidylserine converted to phosphatidylethanolamine and CO2 was found to be
      related to the amount of phosphatidylserine solubilized from the membrane by
      Triton X-100. In the absence of Triton, no significant activity of the enzyme
      toward the ghosts was detected even after subjecting the ghosts to
      lyophilization, homogenization, or sonication.

PMID- 1100628
TI  - DNA repair synthesis dependent on the uvrA,B gene products in toluene-treated
      cells.
AB  - Ultraviolet irradiation of toluene-treated Escherichia coli causes an inhibition
      of replicative DNA synthesis. This is followed by the appearance of
      nonconservative DNA repair synthesis which does not require either the polymerase
      or 5' leads to 3' exonucleolytic activities of DNA polymerase I. The repair
      synthesis may be catalyzed by DNA polymerase III activity but does not require a
      functional DNA polymerase II. The ultraviolet-induced synthesis requires ATP and
      is dependent on a functional uvrA and uvrB gene product. However, other uvr gene
      products are not required for the synthesis. The recB function is also not
      required.

PMID- 1100629
TI  - The in vitro translation of a terminating signal by a single Escherichia coli
      ribosome. The fate of the subunits.
AB  - A complex was isolated containing one 70 S ribosome bound to the RNA of the f2
      bacteriophage in the region of the coat gene. Either the f2 RNA and 70 S ribosome
      or both ribosomal subunits in this complex were differentially labeled with
      tritiated lysine or phosphorous 32 RNA. Incubation of this complex in a ribosome
      free protein-synthesizing system lacking initiating factor and appreciable
      nuclease activities allowed the synthesis of coat protein and subsequent
      termination. Using this techique, it was found that termination resulted in the
      release of ribosome as subunits. Intermediate in this process is a transient 46 S
      complex composed of the f2 RNA and 30 S ribosomal subunit, presumably the result
      of the initial release of the 50 S ribosomal subunit. This 46 S complex
      subsequently breaks down to a free f2 RNA and 30 S ribosomal subunit. The rate of
      this latter process is faster in the presence of crude initiating factors. These
      results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of termination and reading of the
      intercistronic region.

PMID- 1100630
TI  - The isolation of RNA homologous to the genetic control elements of the lactose
      operon.
AB  - A sequential DNA-RNA hybridization procedure is described whereby RNA homologous
      to a target DNA region 35 to 140 base pairs in length can be purified up to 6700
      fold from a complex in vitro transcript to a homogeneity sufficient for sequence
      analysis. Requirements for the procedure include: (a) uniform transcription over
      the target DNA region in vitro; (b) specialized transducing phages which carry
      genetic deletions defining the target region on either side; and (c) specialized
      transducing phages which carry the target DNA in opposite orientations. These
      requirements have been met for the genetic control region (promoter, operator) of
      the lactose operon of Escherichia coli, to which the method was applied. The
      procedure is independent of the activity of the genetic control signals under
      study and can therefore be applied without modification to the study of point
      mutations introduced into the template.

PMID- 1100631
TI  - Purification of Escherichia coli endonuclease specific for apurinic sites in DNA.
AB  - The endonuclease specific for apurinic sites in DNA has been isolated from
      Escherichia coli B41 as a pure monomeric protein of 32,000 daltons. The enzyme
      hydrolyzes a phosphodiester bond near the apurinic sites in double-stranded DNA;
      it does not hydrolyze untreated DNA and its action on alkylated DNA is restricted
      to the apurinic sites always present. This enzyme is not endonuclease II which is
      most probably a mixture of two enzymes, one a glycosidase (Kirtikar, D. M., and
      Goldthwait, D. A. (1974) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 71, 2022-2026), the
      other an endonuclease for apurinic sites which is the enzyme isolated in this
      work.

PMID- 1100632
TI  - A comparison of iliac marrow and biodegradable ceramic in periodontal defects.
AB  - Defects were created in the tooth-supporting bone of six beagle dogs.
      Biodegradable tricalcium phosphate was compared to cancellous marrow as a
      treatment method. The findings indicated that ankylosis and resorption of the
      tooth can occur when using marrow. The ceramic-filled defects healed slower; but
      the material itself was well tolerated by the tissues, initiated new bone
      formation, filled in the defect, and has good potential for the treatment of
      advanced periodontitis.

PMID- 1100633
TI  - Thermodynamic considerations of the setting reaction in Ag3Sn amalgams.
AB  - The setting reaction of Ag3Sn amalgams may be thought of as a liquid phase
      sintering problem in which the reactants seek to form products with the lowest
      thermodynamic potential. We discuss the thermodynamic and kinetic considerations
      of this reaction. The lowering of free energy has been given as the reason for
      the formation of the gamma1, gamma2,and beta1 phases and a qualitative reaction
      coordinate diagram has been hypothesized. The barrier height for the formation of
      the beta1 phase has been determined to be 137 kJ/mol.

PMID- 1100634
TI  - Use of PMMA in expansion dental implants.
AB  - The Polymer Expansion Implant System, which is a system for the substitution of
      missing dental roots in natural or surgical alveolus, has been developed by the
      author. The polymer used is poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). A material is
      sought that has three of the basic physical and mechanical qualities of human
      dentine: low modulus of elasticity, thermal and electrical passiveness, and ideal
      porosity. In addition it should be resistant, easily worked, biocompatible, and
      of low cost. Of the biomedical polymers, PMMA has these qualities, and it can be
      used as a substitute for dental roots. The design of bodies to be implanted as
      substitutes for dental roots requires: anatomical measurements of the maxilla and
      sockets; methods of retention by the bone tissue; and methods of insertion. The
      formation of lamina dura around an implanted body is a reply of the organism to
      the forces acting on it and a demonstration of the good interaction of the
      porosity of the material, the peri-implant collagenous fibers and bone. X-rays
      that demonstrate the behavior of bone to a PMMA implant are shown.

PMID- 1100635
TI  - A failed vitallium/stainless steel total hip replacement: a case report with
      histological and metallurgical examination.
AB  - A case of a failed total hip replacement consisting of a Vitallium hip socket and
      a stainless steel femoral head prosthesis is presented. The mixed-metal
      combination and inadequate design resulted in severe abrasive wear and fretting
      corrosion of the bearing surface, and the accumulation of stainless steel wear
      debris and corrosion products in the periarticular tissues was extensive. The
      tissue response was primarily fibrotic scarring with severe histiocytic and mild
      foreign body giant cell reaction. Despite the massive accumulation of wear debris
      and corrosion products, however, there was minimal chronic inflammation and no
      acute inflammation.

PMID- 1100636
TI  - Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues. IX. The concept of
      polyfunctional surface-active comonomers.

PMID- 1100637
TI  - Maxillary and mandibular vestibuloplasty for improved denture retention.

PMID- 1100638
TI  - [Gingival hypertrophy and alveolar atrophy in prosthesis wearers. Part 2.
      Rehabilitation].

PMID- 1100639
TI  - Biosynthesis of vitamin B6. Incorporation of glycolaldehyde into pyridoxal.

PMID- 1100640
TI  - [Renal preservation: comparative effectiveness of 2 simple perfusion technics].
AB  - The authors compare the efficacy of two perfusates, Collins' solution and
      Perfudex, for conservation of kidneys for short periods by perfusion and
      hypothermic immersion. 22 dog kidneys, removed by lombotomy, were preserved for
      24 hours with one or other of these solutions and then re-implanted into their
      host. Radio-isotopic renography, the uptake of Hg 197 Cl3 and a hippuran
      renogram, used to assess the function of the transplants, suggested the
      functional superiority of kidneys preserved with Collins solutions. Histological
      controls carried out beyond the 10 th post-operative week, confirmed these
      results. The correlations observed between these various findings also assessed
      the reliability of radio-isotope examinations in the exploration of renal
      function.

PMID- 1100641
TI  - [Comparative experimental study of inverting and everting sutures in the colon].
AB  - The authors carried out 88 sutures of the ascending colon in Wistar rats, 44 in
      inversion and the remainder in eversion. The suture material used was
      monofilament 9/0 nylon. The intestinal diameter was measured using an instrument
      and the healing process studied by means of the following parameters:
      granulocytes, oedema, fibrin, fibroblasts and re-epithelialisation of the mucosa,
      on histology. The results prove that inverted sutures heal within 10 days,
      whereas everted sutures are not healed after 17 days. Furthermore, we
      demonstrated the fact that, after 72 hours, the intestinal caliber above the
      suture showed no appreciable differences compared with that of the normal colon.

PMID- 1100642
TI  - Editorial: Aging and the regulation of immune reactivity.

PMID- 1100643
TI  - Effect of prolonged LH-releasing hormone administration on gonadotropin response
      in patients with hypothalamic and pituitary tumors.
AB  - The effect of prolonged administration of synthetic LH-RH (400 mug daily im for 5
      days) on gonadotropin response to LH-RH (100 mug single injection iv) was
      compared in 13 patients with pituitary tumors or suprasellar tumors. No patients
      with pituitary tumors exhibited an augmented response on serum FSH and LH after
      prolonged LH-RH administration. A paradoxical fall in response to LH-RH test
      occurred in 3 patients with pituitary tumors and in a patient with hypothalamic
      tumor in whom gonadotropin responses were normal on the first LH-RH test. On the
      other hand, 2 patients with suprasellar tumors with a low response to the initial
      LH-RH test showed significant increase on a second LH-RHtest after consecutive LH
      RH administration. Consecutive administration of LH-RH may help to distinguish
      between the hypogonadism of pituitary origin and that of hypothalamic origin when
      the initial LH response to a single dose of LH-RH is subnormal.

PMID- 1100644
TI  - Pituitary response to synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in patients
      with Turner's syndrone.
AB  - Synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was administered
      intravenously in a dose of 25 mug to 9 patients with Turner's syndrome of 45,XO
      karyotypes, 5 normal menstruating women, and 5 postmenopausal women. In patients
      with Turner's syndrome, the basal serum LH level was higher than that of the
      normal subjects and lower than that of postmenopausal women. The LH response to
      LHRH, when expressed as a percent of control, was comparable to that of the
      normal luteal phase and significantly higher than that of postmenopausal women.
      The basal FSH level was more elevated than the basal LH level. The FSH response
      to LHRH, when expressed as a percent of control, was similar to that of
      postmenopausal women and lower than that of normal subjects. The results suggest
      that pituitary function is preserved in patients with Turner's syndrome. I
      interpret the pituitary responsiveness and/or reserve of patients with Turner's
      syndrome as larger than that of postmenopausal women. A greater response of LH
      than of FSH to LHRH was observed in this study and is contrary to findings
      reported by others on teenage patients with Turner's syndrome. This suggests that
      the sensitivity of gonadotropins changes with age in Turner's syndrome.

PMID- 1100645
TI  - Detection of bacteriuria by luciferase assay of adenosine triphosphate.
AB  - A selective method for distinguishing bacterial and nonbacterial adenosine
      triphosphate (ATP) in clinical bacteriological specimens was studied. The method
      involved incubation of samples with the detergent Triton X-100 and the ATP
      hydrolyzing enzyme apyrase. The incubation selectively destroyed ATP in
      suspensions of various human cells while not affecting the ATP content in
      microbial cells. ATP remaining in the sample after incubation was extracted in
      boiling buffer and assayed by the firefly luciferase assay. Application of the
      method to 469 clinical urine specimens showed that the ATP level after treatment
      with Triton/apyrase was correlated to bacterial counts and that the sensitivity
      of the assay was sufficient for the detection of 10(5) bacteria/ml. The ATP
      levels per bacterial cell remaining in the urine specimen after treatment with
      Triton/apyrase were close to values observed in laboratory-grown cultures. The
      specificity and sensitivity of the luciferase assay for the detection of urinary
      bacteria and its possible use as a bacteriuria screening method are discussed.

PMID- 1100646
TI  - Unusual Enterobacteriaceae: a Salmonella cubana that is urease positive.
AB  - This is the first report of a naturally occurring Salmonella that is urea
      positive. The strain was identified as Salmonella cubana and it was typical in
      all biochemical, serological, and bacteriophage reactions, except that is
      produced urease strongly.

PMID- 1100647
TI  - Evaluation of the Bactrol Disks, a set of quality control cultures.
AB  - A set of commercially available quality control cultures was evaluated. These
      cultures were found to be an acceptable alternate to lyophilized or continuously
      subcultured cultures for a quality control program.

PMID- 1100648
TI  - Rapid hippurate hydrolysis method for presumptive identification of group B
      streptococci.
AB  - A rapid test to detect the hydrolysis of sodium hippurate by beta-hemolytic
      streptococci within 2 h was developed. All group B streptococci tested were
      positive using this method and all other groups were negative.

PMID- 1100649
TI  - Comparison of four methods for determining nitrate utilization by cryptococci.
AB  - This study evaluated the following methods for determining nitrate utilization:
      Wickerham broth, a special nitrate broth, Delft plate, and nitrate strip. With
      236 isolates of cryptococci as test organisms, the special nitrate broth method
      gave 99% correct results and the Wickerham broth method gave 98%. The nitrate
      strip and Delft plate methods gave correct results in 94 and 86% of tests,
      respectively. The special nitrate broth method is judged superior because it
      provides accurate results within 48 h, compared to 14 days with the Wickerham
      broth method.

PMID- 1100650
TI  - Effect of acetone fixation on infectivity and antigenicity of respiratory
      syncytial virus and adenovirus in the fluorescent antibody test.
AB  - An investigation was made on the effect of acetone fixation on infectivity and
      immunofluorescent antigenicity of respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus type
      5, lipid- and nonlipid-containing viruses, respectively. Viruses were allowed to
      replicate in HEp-2 cells, and the cells were then fixed in acetone at 5 C for
      periods ranging from 30 s to 7 days. Treatment for 10 min was sufficient to
      inactivate respiratory syncytial virus, whereas infectious adenovirus type 5
      could be isolated from cells immersed in acetone for 7 days. There was a gradual
      reduction, to 50% of that observed at 30 s, in the intensity of fluorescent
      antibody staining of both viruses with increasing fixation time, but no
      significant decreases in fluorescent antibody end-point titers of antisera to
      either virus were observed.

PMID- 1100651
TI  - Standardization and evaluation of the CAMP reaction for the prompt, presumptive
      identification of Streptococcus agalactiae (Lancefield group B) in clinical
      material.
AB  - Primary cultures of clinical material were screened for the presence of colonies
      suspected of being Streptococcus agalactiae (Lancefield group B). Sixty-three
      such cultures and 108 other isolates of beta-hemolytic streptococci (groups A, C,
      and G), encountered during the first 3 months of the investigation, were studied
      by Lancefield grouping, sodium hippurate hydrolysis, and a standardized CAMP
      test. All streptococci were inoculated perpendicularly to streaks of a beta-toxin
      producing staphylococcus on sheep blood agar plates and incubated aerobically in
      a candle jar and anaerobically at 37 C. Plates were examined after 5 to 6 and 18
      h of incubation. The production of a distinct "arrowhead" of hemolysis was
      indicative of a positive CAMP reaction. All group B streptococci produced a
      positive CAMP reaction in the candle jar or anaerobically, usually within 5 to 6
      h, and aerobically after 18 h of incubation. All group A streptococci produced a
      positive reaction only under anaerobic conditions. Groups C and G streptococci
      were negative under all atmospheres. The CAMP reaction is a prompt and reliable
      procedure for the presumptive identification of group B streptococci when a
      candle jar atmosphere is used during incubation.

PMID- 1100652
TI  - Rapid identification of group B streptococci by counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - Beta-hemolytic streptococcal isolates have been examined by
      counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) with group B antiserum to determine whether
      this techinque is of value in the rapid identification of group B strains. Ninety
      stock cultures and 100 clinical isolates of beta-hemolytic streptococci including
      representatives of groups A, D, C, G, and B were inoculated into Todd-Hewitt
      broth; after incubation at 37 C for 1, 2, 3, and 4 h, aliquots of the whole broth
      cultures were removed and tested by CIE. Antigen was not regularly detected in
      the 1-, 2-, and 3-h samples, but after 4 h all 126 group B streptococcal strains
      identified by the capillary precipitin reaction gave CIE precipitin bands with
      group B antiserum. None of the 58 non-group B strains gave precipitin reactions
      with this antiserum. Cerebrospinal fluid from an infant with group B
      streptococcal meningitis and peritoneal fluid from a patient with group B
      streptococcal peritonitis had free group B antigen detected by the CIE technique.
      CIE of broth cultures and direct body fluids appears to be a rapid and sensitive
      method for the identification of group B streptococcal strains.

PMID- 1100653
TI  - Pagano-Levin Candida test medium: evaluation using vaginal samples.
AB  - Since 1958 pagano-Levin medium (PLM) has been used as an aid in the
      identification of Candida albicans. However, no statistical analysis of its
      effectiveness based on large number of random human specimens has been reported.
      The present study compared PLM (now called Candida test) with Sabouraud's plus
      antimicrobials and Littman's ox-gall agar without antimicrobials. Of 500 random
      vaginal samples 24.8 were true positives, 71.9% were true negatives, 2.2% were
      false positives, and 1.2% were false negatives on PLM. If only samples identified
      as C. albicans were considered, 95.4% were true positives and 4.6% were false
      negatives. PLM did not inhibit C. albicans from the vagina. No one medium was
      found superior to the others for the purpose of isolating and identifying C.
      albicans. Of the five strains of C. parapsilosis, the only other Candida species
      isolated, all the samples grew on PLM but most were inhibited on Sabouraud's
      medium plus antimicrobials.

PMID- 1100654
TI  - Serotyping and biotyping of 160 Escherichia coli strains: comparative study.
AB  - One hundred and sixty Escherichia coli strains were serotyped and biotyped.
      Serotyping revealed 68 different types, with 25 strains not typable. Biotyping
      was possible in all strains but revealed 55 different types. One biotype could be
      subdivided into 35 different serotypes, indicating that for this biotype the
      series of biochemical and fermentation reactions could be extended for further
      differentiation.

PMID- 1100655
TI  - Sensitivity of bhk-21 cells supplemented with diethylaminoethyl-dextran for
      detection of street rabies virus in saliva samples.
AB  - A tissue culture system for detecting rabies virus from saliva samples of
      suspected animals was developed and compared to suckling mouse inoculation. Swab
      samples were obtained from the mouth of the animal heads received for rabies
      diagnosis; these swabs were submerged in maintenance medium. The maintenance
      medium was inoculated intracerebrally into suckling mice and onto BHK-21 cells
      with diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-dextran (BHK/DEAE) and without (BHK). Rabies
      immunofluorescence was performed on the brain of the mice dying during the
      observation period and also on both tissue culture systems every day after
      infection. The BHK-DEAE system detected 28 positive samples obtained from 48
      rabid animals and the BHK system detected 18. By suckling mouse inoculation only
      11 of the same positive samples were detected. A total of 90 samples was studied
      by the three methods. Rabies virus was detected by the tissue culture methods
      earlier than by suckling mouse inoculation. The BHK-DEAE method was an economic
      and fast method for rabies virus detection in saliva samples, which could be used
      for ecological and pathogenesis studies, as well for rabies diagnosis before the
      death of the suspected animal.

PMID- 1100656
TI  - Suitability of peracetic acid for sterilization of media for mycoplasma cultures.
AB  - The utility of peracetic acid for sterilization of serum and yeast extract
      additions to mycoplasma medium was studied by culturing six Mycoplasma species.
      Culture media containing additions that had been sterilized with peracetic acid
      proved to be as good as filtered components. The use of 0.05 to 0.1% peracetic
      acid is recommended to sterilize the serum and yeast extract additions since
      savings in time and equipment can be accomplished.

PMID- 1100657
TI  - Simplified microimmunofluorescence test with trachoma-lymphogranuloma venereum
      (Chlamydia trachomatis) antigens for use as a screening test for antibody.
AB  - A simplified microimmunofluorescence test with trachoma-lymphogranuloma venereum
      (Chlamydia trachomatis) antigens has been devised as a screening test for
      antibody in human sera. The test differs from our standard procedure by
      amalgamating 15 different immunotypes into nine antigen pools, by using only
      three serum dilutions, and by dropping use of duplicate slides. The screening
      test could be performed on at least six times as many sera as the standard test
      for a given unit of effort. It was shown to have a sensitivity equal to the
      standard test and an ability to determine specific immunotype on the basis of
      antibody pattern (72%) only slightly reduced from the standard test (84%). The
      screening test was carried out on 876 patients from different population groups
      in the Seattle area. The tests showed that antibody was present frequently in
      persons attending venereal disease clinics (60%) and commonly (25%) in a group of
      adults without venereal disease. Nine percent of children under 15 years of age
      tested had antibody; the significance of this finding is unknown.

PMID- 1100658
TI  - Identification of streptococci: serogrouping by immunofluorescence.
AB  - This paper deals with the fluorescent antibody (FA) method for identifying six
      commonly occuring and two rare groups of streptococci by using commercially
      prepared (Difco) conjugates. We have shown that group-specific FA produced
      frequent cross-reactions with heterologous groups of organisms. These reactions
      varied with different strains of the same serogroup. Nonetheless, there was
      distinct overall patterns in the intensity and appearance of the homologous and
      heterologous reactions. When monitored by the precipitin test with Rantz and
      Randall extracts, these patterns led to the correct identification of 90 to 100%
      of specimens of serogroup A, B, C, and G streptococci. Many members of groups D
      and F also showed distinctive reaction patterns. However, there was a significant
      number of strains of both groups D and F that either failed to strain or stained
      poorly with the homologous conjugate. As a result, the identification of these
      serogroups by FA was less reliable.

PMID- 1100659
TI  - Antibody response of patients with malignancies to bacteremia with gram-negative
      bacteria.
AB  - Antibody response, determined by means of the indirect bacterial hemagglutination
      tests, was studied in 58 consecutive patients with various malignancies whose
      blood culture yielded growth of Enterobacteriaceae or Pseudomonas and from whom
      serum specimens were obtained. Of these patients 59% had a significant antibody
      response. The invading microorganisms were Escherichia coli in 33 and Klebsiella
      in 19 subjects, an antibody response being documented with essentially equal
      frequency (60 and 57% of the subjects, respectively). Two patients had positive
      blood cultures for both E. coli and Klebsiella, one of whom had a significant
      response to one isolate only. A specific antibody resonse was documented in 67%
      of the subjects from whom blood for antibody titration was obtained at least 5
      days after the blood culture, but from only 21% of patients whose serum was
      procured during the first 5 days after the blood culture. Similarly, such an
      antibody response was identified in 73% of subjects with two consecutive serum
      specimens, but in only 28% of the patients with a single serum specimen for
      antibody titration. Documentation of the immune response may be of diagnostic aid
      in differentiating between infection and contamination even in patients with
      underlying malignancy and under potentially immunosuppressive therapy.

PMID- 1100660
TI  - Laboratory experience with a radiometric method for detecting bacteremia.
AB  - Two bacteriologic systems for detecting bacteria in blood were compared; the
      automated radiometric BACTEC and the conventional method used in our laboratory
      for many years. BACTEC consisted of two bottles with 30 ml and the conventional
      method with 50 ml of media for aerobes and anaerobes. The BACTEC bottles were
      inoculated with 2 to 3 ml and the conventional with 4 to 5 ml of blood at the
      patient's bedside. Out of the 3,045 blood specimens cultured (804 patients), 262
      (117 patients) were positive by one or both methods. The conventional system
      detected 5more cultures. The explanation of the differences is discussed.
      Positive blood cultures were detected by the BACTEC procedure as early as 6 h
      after the blood collection. In the first 24 h, on the average, 77% of aerobic
      organisms were detected by the BACTEC as compared to 48% by the conventional
      system. All anaerobic BACTEC cultures were positive within 4 days, whereas the
      conventional system detected at that time 74%. At day 4, 67% of fungi were
      detected by the BACTEC and only 27% by the conventional system. Of the 3,045
      blood cultures examined by the BACTEC, 208 were recorded as false positive with
      growth index readings ranging from 30 to 59.

PMID- 1100661
TI  - Assessment of virus infectivity by the immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase
      techniques.
AB  - The immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase cell-counting techniques were
      comparable in precision and reproducibility for the quantitative assessment of
      influenza virus infectivity. The dose-response function was linear with each
      procedure, and comparable results were obtained for estimating neutralizing
      antibodies in antiviral serum.

PMID- 1100662
TI  - A simple test system for the separation of staphylococci from micrococci.
AB  - A simple test system for the separation of staphylococci from micrococci is
      described, which is based on the ability of staphylococci to produce acid
      aerobically from glycerol in the presence of 0.4 mug of erythromycin per ml and
      on their sensitivity to lysostaphin.

PMID- 1100663
TI  - Fluorescent antibody studies in chlamydial infections.
AB  - Irradiated McCoy cells infected with genital strains of Chlamydia trachomatis
      were grown in wells on slides coated with polytetrafluoroethylene. The inclusions
      produced in this system formed the antigen in an indirect immunofluorescence
      test, which detected group-specific chlamydial antibodies in sera from patients
      attending veneral disease clinics. Chlamydial antibodies were found more
      frequently and in higher titer in sera from women attending veneral disease
      clinics then in sera from a less promiscuous population attending a Family
      Planning Association clinic. Paired sera from 13 patients with nongonococcal
      urethritis from whom chylamydiae had been isolated were tested against the
      homologous isolates; seroconversion was demonstrated in only one instance, and
      antibody was present in the first serum specimens of all the other patients.
      Chlamydia-specific immunoglobulin M was found in four of eight patients with
      psittacosis and in a proportion of sera from patients attending veneral disease
      and Family Planning Association clinics. The antigen for this immunofluorescence
      test can easily be prepared in laboratories with cell culture facilities for the
      isolation of C. trachomatis, and the test should be useful for laboratories which
      cannot undertake the micro-immunofluorescence test.

PMID- 1100664
TI  - A more complete evaluation of the color-coded antigen for the automated reagin
      test.
AB  - A comparative study, on 500 samples, of the toluidine red antigen, one of the low
      cost, color-coded antigens for the Automated Reagin Test, shows a greater
      sensitivity than the rapid plasma reagin card antigen.

PMID- 1100665
TI  - Recovery of Cryptococcus neoformans from modified Dubos liquid medium utilized
      for isolation of mycobacteria.
AB  - Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from nine pathological specimens cultured
      for mycobacteria. Five of these were recovered only in liquid TBC medium in the
      absence of growth on conventional substrates.

PMID- 1100666
TI  - Serological diagnosis of California (La Crosse) encephalitis by
      immunofluorescence.
AB  - A method of indirect immunofluorescence was developed and examined
      retrospectively as a serological test for the laboratory diagnosis of California
      encephalitis (CE). LaCrosse virus immunofluorescence immunoglobulin (Ig) G and
      IgM studies were done on paired sera from 50 patients with acute central nervous
      system infections. CE had been documented in 25 patients by hemagglutination
      inhibition, neutralizing, complement fixing, and/or precipitin tests. Five (20%)
      of the acute and 16 (64%) of the convalescent sera from CE patients had La Crosse
      IgM antibodies. Seven (28%) of the acute and all of the convalescent CE specimens
      had La Crosse IgG antibodies. Titers ranged from less than 4 to 256. IgG
      antibodies were present in all 11 sera collected 1 to 2 years after CE, but IgM
      antibodies were absent. The 25 serum pairs from patients who did not have CE were
      negative for IgM and IgG antibodies. This study indicated that La Crosse
      immunofluorescence antibody tests were as sensitive and specific for CE as
      conventional hemagglutination-inhibition tests, and would detect at least 20% of
      patients during their acute illness.

PMID- 1100667
TI  - Rapid identification of swarming Proteus using the PathoTec ornithine
      decarboxylase test strip.
AB  - The PathoTec ornithine decarboxylase test strip was evaluated for use in
      identification of swarming Proteus. All 181 strains tested were accurately
      identified within 4 h.

PMID- 1100668
TI  - Growth potential of cottonseed culture media for various clinically significant
      aerobic bacteria.
AB  - Enzymatic hydrolysates of various cottonseed flours were prepared with the
      proteolytic enzymes bromelain, HT-200, Pronase, and trypsin. The growth of
      various aerobic bacteria of clinical significance in these hydrolysates was
      compared to that obtained with a standard casein-soybean peptone culture medium,
      Trypticase soy. The generation times of the majority of bacteria grown in the
      bromelain cottonseed flour hydrolysate were shorter than that obtained with the
      standard control broth. A bromelain cottonseed flour hydrolysate agar preparation
      supported the growth of the bacteria comparably to that of the casein-soybean
      agar substrate. All the bacterial colonies were larger on the bromelain
      cottonseed flour hydrolysate blood agar medium than those grown on the control
      agar. The peptones derived from the enzymatic hydrolysis of cottonseed flour are
      sufficient to promote the rapid and luxuriant growth of a wide spectrum of
      aerobic bacteria without the addition of peptone from other sources. It is
      suggested that cottonseed flour peptones be utilized as a nutrient source in
      general-purpose media for the clinical microbiology laboratory.

PMID- 1100669
TI  - Pigment production by Cryptococcus neoformans from para- and ortho-Diphenols:
      effect of the nitrogen source.
AB  - Cryptococcus neoformans produced pigments when p-diphenols were substrates in a
      glucose-amino acid-salts medium. The best substrates were 2.5-dihydroxybenzoic
      acid and 2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid. In contrast to the cellular pigment
      production from o-diphenols (hydroxyl groups in the 2,3- or 3,4-position of
      phenyl ring), the p-diphenols (1,4- or 2,5-positions for the hydroxyl groups)
      produced large amounts of soluble pigments that diffused into the medium. When an
      optimal source of nitrogen (glutamine, glycine, and asparagine) was used, 89% of
      the C. neoformans strains produced pigments from p-diphenols. In contrast, 0 to
      67% of the strains produced pigments when a suboptimal nitrogen source (proline,
      ammonium sulfate, ornithine, and methionine) was used. When glutamine-glycine
      asparagine was the nitrogen source, 100% of the C. neoformans strains produced
      pigments from o0diphenols, whereas 77 to 100% of the strains produced pigment
      when proline-ammonium sulfate-ornithine-methionine was the nitrogen source.
      Cryptococcus species other than C. neoformans and all tested Candida species
      failed to produce pigments from any of the substrates except when hydroquinone
      was used. A combination of glutamine-glycine-asparagine and 3,4
      dihydroxyphenylalanine allowed differentiation of colonies of C. neoformans from
      C. albicans in 3 to 6 days. These data showed that pigment production from o- and
      p-diphenols served as an excellent biochemical test for the identification of C.
      neoformans.

PMID- 1100670
TI  - Construction of an interpretive pattern directory for the API 10 S kit and
      analysis of its diagnostic accuracy.
AB  - A directory of test patterns and their interpretations has been prepared for
      identification of Enterobacteriaceae by using the 11-test API 10 S kit. The
      diagnostic accuracy of the directory and kit were evaluated by using records of
      test results for 37,476 isolates studied with the 21-test API 20 Enteric kit.
      Analysis indicates that 96.9% of the isolates would have been correctly
      identified at the genus level and 95.9% at the species level by using only the
      subset of tests included in the API 10 S.

PMID- 1100671
TI  - Anaerobic bag culture method.
AB  - In a new method of anaerobic culture, a transparent, gas-impermeable bag is used
      and the anaerobic environment is established with copper sulfate-saturated steel
      wool. An Alka-Seltzer tablet generates carbon dioxide. The agar plate surface can
      be inspected through the bag at any time without interrupting the anaerobic
      atmosphere or disturbing other specimens. Methylene blue indicator strips are
      completely reduced by 4 h after the bag is set up and have remained reduced for
      as long as 3 weeks. Growth of 16 different stock culture anaerobes was generally
      equivalent by the bag and GasPak jar methods. Yield and growth of anaerobic
      isolates also were equivalent with 7 of 10 clinical specimens; from the other 3
      specimens, 13 isolates were recovered, 5 by both the bag and jar methods and the
      rest by one method or the other. No consistent differences were found between the
      anaerobic bag and GasPak jar methods in the yield of anaerobes from clinical
      specimens. Early growth (24 h of incubation) of anaerobes from one specimen was
      detected with the bag method.

PMID- 1100672
TI  - Analysis of acetoin and diacetyl in bacterial culture supernatants by gas-liquid
      chromatography.
AB  - The acetoin and diacetyl contents of culture supernatants of Voges-Proskauer
      positive "viridans" streptotocci, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus
      aureus, were determined by a gas liquid chromatographic procedure, in which
      supernatants were extracted with diethyl ether and diacetyl was measured on
      columns of 10% (wt/wt) polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) at 73 C. Acetoin was
      converted to diacetyl, before analysis, by a simple oxidation procedure with
      ferric chloride and without a distillation step. Streptococcal culture
      supernatants were shown by this method to contain only acetoin; supernatants of
      K. pneumoniae and S. aureus contained both acetoin and diacetyl.

PMID- 1100673
TI  - Comparison of three tests for the serological diagnosis of lymphocytic
      choriomeningitis virus infection.
AB  - Levels of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus antibody were assayed in 62 infected
      persons. The three tests used were indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA),
      complement fixation, and neutralization in mice. The sera first became positive
      by the IFA test, and IFA titers rapidly rose to a relatively high level, with the
      sera remaining positive long after the antibody detectable by complement fixation
      had disappeared. The IFA test appeared to be specific. The sera became positive
      last by the mouse neutralization test; with this test, antibody first appeared
      several weeks after infection. Virus-infected cells were stable when stored at 
      60 C, allowing diagnostic sera to be tested promptly by the IFA test. The IFA
      test for lymphocytic choriomeningitis antibody should increase the number of
      serological diagnoses, since it is not only rapid and specific, but detects cases
      not diagnosed by the other methods.

PMID- 1100674
TI  - Evaluation of antibody coating of yeasts in urine as an indicator of the site of
      urinary tract infection.
AB  - Antibody coating of yeasts (Candida sp. and Torulopsis sp.) found in urine
      specimens was investigated to ascertain whether the presence of such coating
      might identify the site of urinary tract infection. Washed yeast cells obtained
      by centrifugation of fresh urine specimens were reacted with fluorescein
      conjugated goat antihuman immunoglobulins (Ig) G, A, and M and examined by
      fluorescent microscopy. IgG was found on the surface of all species of yeast
      encountered in all urine specimens evaluted, whereas there was variability of IgA
      AND IgM coating. Antibody coating with IgG, IgA, AND IgM was also demonstrated on
      yeasts from other body sites (sputum, gastrostomy, oral, etc.). Control
      experiments confirmed the specificity of the reactions. Thus, it appears that
      yeasts from any body site are coated with antibodies. These results are in
      contrast to recent work with bacteria which showed that the presence of antibody
      coated (IgG) bacteria indicates upper urinary tract infection (pyelonephritis)
      while bacteria are not coated with antibodies in lower urinary tract infection.
      Since all yeasts from all body sites tested were found to be coated with antibody
      regardless of the clinical situation, the presence of surface antibody has no
      diagnostic value in identifying the site of urinary tract infection with yeasts.

PMID- 1100675
TI  - Detection of fungi in clinical specimens by phase-contrast microscopy.
AB  - During 1973 and 1974, the following fungi were detected in clinical specimens by
      using phase-contrast microscopy: Blastomyces dermatitidis, 5; Coccidioides
      immitis, 3; Cryptococcus neoformans, 11; other yeasts 918; dermatophytes, 863;
      Mucor species, 1; and Aspergillus fumigatus, 16. This technique allows rapid
      detection and, in many instances, immediate identification of fungi in clinical
      specimens.

PMID- 1100676
TI  - The classification of depressive disorders. Part I. I. A review of statistically
      based classification studies.

PMID- 1100677
TI  - The classification of depressive disorders. II. A review of historical and
      physiological classification studies.
AB  - A review of recent classification studies of depressive disorders based on
      historical data and physiological indices was made. It was found that historical
      variables, such as age of onset and family background, are potentially useful to
      distinguish depressive subgroups, although these groupings did not differentiate
      consistently unipolar from bipolar depressives. While the physiological indices
      do not support the present psychiatric nosology, single physical signs were found
      to differentiate subgroups within the effective disorders. The implications of
      these findings for a different research model were discussed.

PMID- 1100678
TI  - A comparison of muscle relaxation training and music in the reduction of state
      and trait anxiety.
AB  - A comparison was made between muscle-relaxation training and relaxing music in
      the reduction of state and trait anxiety. Ss were 108 anxious female college
      students, half of whom received three sessions in muscle-relaxation training and
      half of whom received three sessions of relaxing music. Results indicate that
      both types of treatment significantly reduce state anxiety, but neither reduces
      trait anxiety. Results support Spielberger's state-trait anxiety theory and hold
      some implication for treatment.

PMID- 1100679
TI  - Immunofluorescent detection of alpha1-antitrypsin in paraffin embedded liver
      tissue.
AB  - Alpha1-antitrypsin was detected by indirect immunofluorescence in frozen sections
      of liver biopsies from patients with clinically and biochemically proven alpha1
      antitrypsin deficiency. The antigen could also be demonstrated in those liver
      specimens of the same patients which were fixed in Bouin's fluid and embedded in
      paraffin. The cellular localization and the brightness of the fluorescence were
      the same in both frozen and paraffin sections. Four additional biopsies from
      three other patients were selected on the basis of PAS-positive diastase
      resistant inclusions reported in the hepatocytes. All these biopsies showed
      bright fluorescence in the cytoplasm of the liver cells although one of the
      biopsies was stored for as long as eight years. Specific fluorescence was
      constantly found in the periportal hepatocytes with varying degrees of
      positivity. No fluorescence was observed in the six control biopsies from
      patients with various other liver diseases. These findings prove that paraffin
      embedded specimens are suitable for immunofluorescence detection of alpha1
      antitrypsin and that a retrospective study on old paraffin blocks is possible.

PMID- 1100680
TI  - Variants of Escherichia coli giving the appearance of mixed growths in urine.
AB  - Urines from patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection yielded mixed
      growths of different colony types of Escherichia coli. The different colony types
      were found to be variants of single infecting strains caused by mutation or by
      phase action. It is suggested that care should be exercised in the interpretation
      of apparently mixed growths from urine.

PMID- 1100681
TI  - Microbial flora of the lower genital tract during pregnancy: relationship to
      morbidity.
AB  - Nineteen genera and groups of micro-organisms were isolated from the lower
      genital tract of 280 women at their first antenatal visit. Chlamydia, viruses,
      and T-strain mycoplasmas were not sought, and only routine methods of anaerobic
      culture were used. Growth was recorded as scanty, moderate or heavy. The
      population studied was grouped according to age, parity, gestational stage at
      booking, presence and degree of severity of lower genital tract morbidity, past
      history of vulvovaginitis, and suspicion of lower genital tract morbidity as
      evidenced by a request for a report on the microbiological findings. The
      frequency of isolation of the various microbes in health and in disease is given.
      The grading of Gram-stained smears bore no relation to the isolation rates of
      lactobacilli, but there was a significant increase (p less than 0-001) in the
      isolation rates of each of the following: Mycoplasma hominis, Bacteroides spp.,
      Trichomonas vaginalis, Gram-variable cocco-bacilli, and anaerobic streptococci in
      those patients with smears in which lactobacilli were adjudged to be absent. The
      isolation of faecal streptococci was increased (p less than 0-001) in women aged
      more than 34 years. Escherichia coli (p less than 0-05) and anaerobic and
      microaerophilic streptococci (p less than 0-02) were isolated more frequently
      from those booking after the 25th week of pregnancy. The incidence of M. hominis
      (p less than 0-02) and of anaerobic streptococci (p less than 0-05) increased
      between the first and third trimesters. No significance positive correlations
      were established between the isolation rates of the various microbes and
      objective assessment of lower genital tract morbidity or the demonstration of pus
      cells, but lactobacilli were isolated less frequently (p less than 0-01) from
      those with morbidity. The isolation of Candida albicans (p less than 0-02), T.
      vaginalis (p less than 0-05), and M. hominis (p less than 0.05) was increased in
      patients in whom vulvovaginitis was suspected, and that of T. vaginalis (p less
      than 0-05) was increased in those with a past history of vulvovaginitis. The
      study indicates that, other than the pathogens T. vaginalis and C. albicans, only
      M. Hominis could be suspected, on statistical grounds, of being associated with
      disease of the lower genital tract during early pregnancy.

PMID- 1100682
TI  - Evaluation of a dehydrated test strip for the detection of yeasts.
AB  - Use of a dehydrated test strip for the detection of yeasts is compared with
      traditional culture on Sabouraud's agar containing 50 mug/ml chloramphenicol.
      While the selective medium of the strip is satisfactory for the isolation of
      species of Candida, Torulopsis glabrata grows only very slowly. The strip has the
      advantage of a long storage life without deterioration, but a high cost may
      preclude general usage. The numbers of yeasts collected by a bacteriological swab
      disadvantages of the selective medium, and the value of direct microscopy in the
      examination of vaginal swabs are discussed.

PMID- 1100683
TI  - The effect of a chlorhexidine-containing gel on oral cleanliness and gingival
      health in young adults.
AB  - Students at a vocational school participated in a double-blind, cross-over study
      to test the effect of brushing with a 1% chlorhexidine-containing gel once a day.
      In the control period, a placebo gel was used. Each treatment period lasted for 4
      weeks. This was subsequently followed by 4 weeks of ordinary toothbrushing. Any
      toothbrushing additional to the therapeutic brushing was performed with a
      standard commercial dentifrice without abrasives. In addition to the treatment
      groups, containing a total of 24 subjects, another group of 12 subjects received
      standardized oral hygiene instruction. Oral hygiene and gingival condition were
      assessed in all groups throughout the study. The chlorhexidine-containing gel
      seemed to have no effect on gingivitis and only a slight inhibitory effect on
      plaque formation. Furthermore, an increase in the degree and frequency of
      staining of the tooth surfaces related to the use of active gel were observed.

PMID- 1100684
TI  - A study of cochlear innervation patterns in cats and rats with the Golgi method
      and Nomarkski Optics.
AB  - Cochlear innervation patterns were studied in infant cats and rats with the rapid
      Golgi method. Examination of thick serial sections and surface preparations with
      the differential interference contrast microscope (Nomarski optics) allowed
      direct visualization of individually impregnated spiral ganglion cells, complete
      with their peripheral processes and endings in the organ of Corti. Individually
      impregnated efferent fibers could  be recognized as heavily varicose axons that
      project radially to endings beneath inner and outer hair cells after taking a
      tangential course in the intraganglionic spiral bundle. It was often possible to
      visualize unimpregnated hair cells in contact with the impregnated endings of
      both types of fibers. There are at least two types of spiral ganglion cells in
      the cochlea of the infant cat and rat. One type innervates only inner hair cells
      by means of radial fibers. These ganglion cells constitute the overwhelming
      majority of ganglion cells impregnated in our preparations, and each cell
      typically innervates two inner hair cells. Hence, these ganglion cells establish
      nearly "point-to-point" connections between the auditory nerve and the organ of
      Corti. The other type of ganglion cell innervates  outer hair cells by means of
      long spiral fibers; each cell typically innervates many outer hair cells through
      the numerous angular enlargements and short end branches of its spiral fiber. In
      addition, a few of these spiral fibers also send branches to inner hair cells by
      means of short collaterals; it remains to be seen if such fibers also occur in
      mature cochleas. Efferent fibers have been traced to inner and outer hair cell
      regions. The simplest pattern is formed by fine beaded axons with only a few
      branches ending mainly beneath inner hair cells. More complex patterns are formed
      by larger axons with many branches ending beneath inner or outer hair cells. Many
      efferent fibers send branches to both inner and outer hair cells.
      Electrophysiological studies so far have not demonstrated different populations
      of units that clearly correspond to the spiral and radial fibers. Therefore, the
      physilogical differences between inner and outer hair cell innervation remain
      undefined.

PMID- 1100685
TI  - The central adrenergic system. An immunofluorescence study of the location of
      cell bodies and their efferent connections in the rat utilizing dopamine-beta
      hydroxylase as a marker.
AB  - A sensitive immunofluorescence technique was used to describe systematically the
      distrubution of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH)-containing cell bodies, non
      terminal fiber pathways, and terminal fields in the brain of the male albino rat.
      DBH is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to noradrenaline, and
      as such is useful as an anatomical marker for noradrenaline and possibly
      adrenaline neurons. The enzyme is not present in dopamine- or indolamine
      containing neurons. Ten micron frozen sections (1-in 20 series) were prepared in
      the frontal, sagittal, and horizontal planes from the olfactory bulb to the upper
      cervical segments of the spinal cord; adjacent sections in each plane were
      stained for DBH and for cells (toluidine blue=azure II). An atlas consisting of
      40 projection drawings of selected frontal sections illustrates the results of
      the investigation. DBH perikarya are confined to three groups in the pons and
      medulla: the well defined locus coeruleus, a more diffuse but continuous
      subcoeruleus group that arches through the pons and ventral medulla, and a third
      dorsal medullary group centered in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. A
      single principal adrenergic fiber system distributes a great many of the axons
      from these neuron groups to a majority of nuclear areas in the brain. In the pons
      and medulla two components of the fiber system may be distinguished. A medullary
      branch may be followed from the posterior aspect of the subcoeruleus group
      dorsally and then anteriorly through the lateral tegmental field and ventral
      aspect of the vestibular complex to a position subjacent to the locus coeruleus,
      where it is joined by a subcoeruleus branch consisting of a large number of
      fibers coursing among cells along the length of the subcoeruleus group, and by
      fibers arising from the locus coeruleus. Anterior to the locus coeruleus the
      principal adrenergic bundle courses as a single fiber tract immediately
      ventrolateral to the central gray in the mesencephalon and in the zona incerta
      and substantia innominata in the diencephalon. At the level of the septal area
      separate bundles reach the cortex dorsally over the genu of the corpus calosum
      via the medial septal-diagonal band nuclei and the lateral septum and ventrally
      between the olfactory tubercle and caudate-putamen. In the medulla and pons
      adrenergic fibers undoubtedly course in both directions. Anterior to the most
      rostral pontine cell bodies, however, all fibers presumably ascend. Along the
      course of the bundle distinct branches emerge to innervate circumscribed terminal
      fields. In addition, certain regions of the brain such as the reticular formation
      and pontine gray receive diffuse DBH innervation derived from less clearly
      defined pathways. A small number of areas in the brain contain little or no
      detectable DBH. These include the caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens, globus
      pallidus, olfactory tubercle, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, pretectal
      area, third, fourth and sixth cranial verve nuclei, and the trapezoid body
      nucleus.

PMID- 1100686
TI  - Effects of various forms of relaxation training on physiological and self-report
      measures of relaxation.

PMID- 1100687
TI  - Editorial: College and the culture ego.

PMID- 1100688
TI  - Letter: Idiopathic cervical infections in children.

PMID- 1100689
TI  - Don't be a litter-bug: dispose of health appropriately.

PMID- 1100690
TI  - Clinical evaluation of pulpotomies using dilute formocresol.

PMID- 1100691
TI  - The effect of nitrous oxide sedation on the blood pressure of pediatric dental
      patients.

PMID- 1100692
TI  - In vitro evaluation of marginal leakage of corrosion-resistant amalgam alloy.
AB  - Restorations placed without coating the cavity walls with cavity varnish
      exhibited significant marginal leakage at all time intervals; however, there
      appears to be some reduction of leakage after six months. Restorations placed
      after coating the cavity walls with cavity varnish demonstrated no leakage at
      forty-eight hours and three months. Velvalloy and Dispersalloy restorations
      exhibited no leakage at six months, although there was a slight leakage at one
      year. Spheraloy restorations with cavity varnish demonstrated some leakage at six
      months and one year. The results of this study appear to correlate with previous
      studies using the same technique to determine marginal leakage. Apparently, the
      corrosion resistance of the dispersed phase alloy does not increase the marginal
      leakage, when compared with the conventional and spherical alloys.

PMID- 1100693
TI  - Delayed tooth eruption versus impaction.

PMID- 1100694
TI  - Prosthetic management in anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia: report of case.

PMID- 1100696
TI  - A suturing technique for the prevention of subperiosteal haematomas in the
      palate.

PMID- 1100695
TI  - Hypoplastic-hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta with taurodontism: report of
      case.

PMID- 1100697
TI  - Tin-nickel-plated aluminium bronze dentures.

PMID- 1100698
TI  - The handling of elastomeric impression materials: a review.

PMID- 1100699
TI  - [Effect of citrate on the lipid makeup of Trypanosoma lewisi under active
      aeration conditions].

PMID- 1100700
TI  - [Bound dissipation function and its alteration during the growth of a yeast
      culture].

PMID- 1100701
TI  - [Action of indolyl acetic acid on E. coli mutants with varying capacities for
      recovery from DNA lesions].

PMID- 1100702
TI  - [Breakdown of synthetic nitrogen-containing organic compounds by microorganisms].

PMID- 1100703
TI  - [Formation of ideas on the nature of the process of the biological fixation of
      molecular nitrogen].

PMID- 1100704
TI  - [Microorganisms as indicators of the mutagenic activity of chemical compounds and
      their metabolites].

PMID- 1100705
TI  - [Activation of the fermentative activity of yeasts by yeast cell fractions].

PMID- 1100706
TI  - Effect of marijuana on divergent and convergent production cognitive tests.

PMID- 1100707
TI  - Gerald H. Leatherman: the leader who found a cause.

PMID- 1100708
TI  - Pontics in fixed prostheses--status report. Council on Dental Materials and
      Devices.
AB  - It is clear that the choice and fabrication of a pontic demands as much care as
      any aspect of restorative planning and execution. To apply a particular pontic
      design arbitrarily is to disregard the work to date which appears to emphasize
      the individuality of each pontic situation. Existing designs appear to take into
      account every conceivable situation. Presently available materials seem adequate
      to meet requirements. The role of bacterial plaque control in the maintenance of
      all pontic materials and designs must be recognized. What is required is a
      dentist cognizant of the reasons for using a particular pontic in a particular
      situation and a patient highly motivated and instructed as to his responsibility
      in caring for this component of his prothesis.

PMID- 1100709
TI  - Letter: Immunohistochemical localization of somatostatin in the rat pancreas.

PMID- 1100710
TI  - The isolation of salmonellas from British pork sausages and sausage meat.
AB  - Between 1969 and 1974, 1467 packets (3309 samples) of pork sausages and sausage
      meat produced by two large and two medium sized manufacturers and several local
      butchers were examined for the presence of salmonellas. Of these, 435 packets
      (786 samples) were found to contain salmonellas, but there was a wide variation
      in the isolation rates according to the producer. The salmonella incidence in
      samples from several small and two medium sized producers was low (0-11%) while
      the results from the two large producers investigated showed a striking
      difference, the rate of salmonella contamination in the product of one was low
      (about 2%) and in that of the other consistently high (40-60%). A comparison of
      liquid enrichment media, incubation temperatures and selective agar media was
      also carried out to determine the most efficient combination for the isolation of
      salmonellas from minced meat products. The results showed that (a) incubation of
      enrichment cultures at 43 degrees C. yielded a consistently greater number of
      salmonella isolations that at 37 degrees C., regardless of plating medium, (b)
      tetrathionate broth A (Rolfe) was superior to selenite broth as en enrichment
      medium at both 37 and 43 degrees C. and (c) brilliant green agar gave better
      results than deoxycholate citrate sucrose agar and bismuth sulphite agar as a
      selective medium.

PMID- 1100711
TI  - Contribution to the study of live streptomycin-dependent Salmonella vaccines: the
      problem of reversion to a virulent form.
AB  - The recovery of virulence by means of reversion of a live streptomycin-dependent
      (Sm D) Salmonella typhimurium vaccine was studied in CD-1 Swiss mice. Initially,
      a one-step Sm D mutant was obtained from a virulent streptomycin-sensitive (Sm S)
      S. typhimurium strain. Afterwards, two pools of streptomycin-independent (Sm I)
      revertants were prepared from the Sm D strain. The virulence of the Sm D strain
      and of the Sm I revertants was tested intraperitoneally. In the virulence testing
      the original suspension of the Sm I revertants, as well as their 1st and 10th
      passages on plain medium, medium+50 mug. streptomycin/ml. and medium+1000 mug.
      streptomycin/ml. were used. The results show that the Sm D mutant was avirulent,
      its avirulence being due to an intrinsic, genetic quality. The Sm I revertants,
      compared to the original Sm S strain, also displayed a lack of virulence.
      However, afterwards, the Sm I revertants behaved quite differently, according to
      their subsequent passages. Indeed, there was an increase in virulence after
      passages on plain medium, whereas similar passages on medium containing the drug,
      the virulence not only failed to increase, but disappeared almost completely.
      Moreover, the passages on medium containing 1000 mug. streptomycin/ml. induced a
      return to the status of drug-dependence. The danger of recovery of virulence by
      means of revertants is evaluated.

PMID- 1100712
TI  - Experimental model of oral antityphoid vaccination with live streptomycin
      dependent Salmonella typhimurium in C57BL/6 mice.
AB  - The present experimental model offered the opportunity to study particular
      aspects concerning the avirulence stability of live streptomycin-dependent (Sm D)
      Salmonella vaccines, under conditions resembling human enteric fever. The results
      seem to indicate that, in practice, the risk of reversion to a virulent form
      during oral antityphoid vaccination with Sm D strains remains slight even after
      the interruption of concomitant streptomycin administration.

PMID- 1100713
TI  - Comparison of two methods for assessing the removal of total organisms and
      pathogens from the skin.
AB  - A standard hand-wash sampling technique was compared with a simple finger-streak
      sampling method in assessing the relative effectiveness of a number of
      alternative preparations used for disinfecting the surgeon's hands (alcoholic
      0.5% chlorhexidine, alcoholic 0.1% tetrabrom-o-methyl phenol, a 4% chlorhexidine
      detergent solution, aqueous 0.5% chlorhexidine, 2% 'Irgasan' detergent solution
      and, as control, bar soap). There was a fairly good correlation between the
      results of assessment by the two methods after a single disinfection and after
      six disinfections, three on one day and three on the next. Significant
      differences were shown in 21 comparisons between treatments when the hand-wash
      sampling test was used, and 16 of these comparisons also showed a significant
      difference by the finger-streak test. Staphylococcus aureus was found in hand
      samplings from 5 out of 8 nurses in the Burns Unit of Birmingham Accident
      Hospital by the hand-wash sampling method and from 2 of the same 8 nurses by the
      finger-streak method; the numbers were small, and no Staph. aureus were isolated
      from the same hands after 1 min. wash in 70% ethyl alcohol. Similar sampling on
      29 nurses in other wards showed Staph. aureus on 3 nurses (one in large numbers)
      by the hand-wash technique and on 1 nurse by the finger-streak test; in only 1
      nurse whose hands showed Staph. aureus before disinfection was the organism
      found, by hand-wash sampling, after disinfection. Parallel sampling of nurses'
      hands after washing with soap and water and after disinfection with 95% ethanol
      showed larger numbers of Staph. aureus in a hospital for skin diseases than in a
      general hospital, and a lower incidence and somewhat lower density of Staph.
      aureus after ethanol treatment than after washing with soap and water; Gram
      negative bacilli, on the other hand, were commoner on hands in the general than
      in the skin hospital, and present in much smaller numbers after disinfection with
      ethanol than after washing with soap and water. Antibiotic sensitivity tests
      showed the frequent recurrence on the hands of some nurses of multi-resistant
      Staph. aureus with resistance patterns similar to those found in infective
      lesions in some of the patients; different sensitivity patterns were usually
      found in staphylococci isolated from the nose. Even in wards where many patients
      were infected, carriage by nurses' hands of a particular strain of Staph. aureus
      did not seem to last for more than a few days.

PMID- 1100714
TI  - The effect of antibiotic therapy on the faecal excretion of Salmonella
      typhimurium by experimentally infected chickens.
AB  - Chickens in groups of 40 were infected orally with a nalidixic acid-resistant
      mutant of Salmonella typhimurium and then fed continuously on diets containing
      ampicillin, chloramphenicol, furazolidone, neomycin, oxytetracycline, polymixin,
      spectinomycin, streptomycin or a mixture of trimethoprim and sulphadiazine. The
      amount of S. typhimurium excreted in their faeces was estimated at intervals by
      culture on brilliant green agar containing sodium nalidixate, both direct and
      after enrichment in selenite broth; the amount of Escherichia coli excreted was
      estimated by culture on MacConkey agar. The feeding of diets containing 500
      mg./kg. of ampicillin, furazolidone, neomycin, polymixin, spectinomycin or
      streptomycin or 100 mg./kg. of trimethoprim and 500 mg./kg. of sulphadiazine for
      46 days reduced to a varying degree the amount of S. typhimurium and E. coli
      excreted, the greatest reduction in S. typhimurium being brought about by the
      last treatment. The effect was less obvious when the concentration of the
      antibiotics in the food was decreased fivefold. An important reason for the very
      limited effect of some of the antibiotics was the emergence of antibiotic
      resistant populations of S. typhimurium and E. coli. High concentrations of
      antibiotic-resistant organisms also arose in the faeces of the chickens fed diets
      containing tetracyclines and chloramphenicol, treatments which had no apparent
      effect on the amount of S. typhimurium and E. coli excreted. Much of the
      antibiotic resistance encountered was determined by R factors, a particular R
      factor usually being found in the E. coli populations of individual chickens
      before it was found in their S. typhimurium populations. No S. typhimurium or E.
      coli were isolated that possessed R factors determining resistance to polymixin,
      furazolidone or trimethoprim. No S. typhimurium or E. coli were isolated that
      were polymixin-resistant and no S. typhimurium that were furazolidone-resistant.
      The few trimethoprim-resistant S. typhimurium isolated were thymine-dependent.
      The feeding of diets containing the higher concentrations of
      trimethoprim/sulphadiazine, neomycin, furazolidone or ampicillin for 9 days
      reduced the amount of S. typhimurium excreted. After the withdrawal of these
      diets, the amount of S. typhimurium excreted increased to the numbers found in
      chickens given ordinary diets throughout; the chickens that had been given
      trimethoprim/sulphadiazine or furazolidone did not remain faecal excreters of S.
      typhimurium longer than the chickens that had been given ordinary diets. Similar
      results were obtained with trimethoprim/sulphadiazine when the start of the 9-day
      treatment period was delayed for an extra 9 days or when it was extended to 18
      days.

PMID- 1100715
TI  - The effect of feeding diets containing permitted antibiotics on the faecal
      excretion of Salmonella typhimurium by experimentally infected chickens.
AB  - Groups of 45 chickens were fed continuously on diets containing 10 or 100 mg./kg.
      of different 'growth-promoting' antibiotics and infected orally with a nalidixic
      acid-resistant mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. The amount of S. typhimurium
      organisms excreted in their faeces was estimated by culturing them at weekly
      intervals and in a standard manner on plates of brilliant green agar containing
      sodium nalidixate, both direct and after enrichment in selenite broth. All of
      four groups fed diets containing 100 mg./kg. of nitrovin in three different
      experiments excreted much larger amounts of S. typhimurium than did groups fed
      antibiotic-free diets. In some, but not all, experiments, larger amounts were
      also excreted by groups fed diets containing 10 mg./kg. of nitrovin or 10 or 100
      mg./kg. of flavomycin or tylosin. Feeding diets containing 10 or 100 mg./kg. of
      virginiamycin or bacitracin either did not influence or slightly increased the
      amount of S. typhimiurium excreted. Two groups fed continuously on diets
      containing 100 or 500 mg./kg. of sulphaquinoxaline for 44 days excreted smaller
      amounts of the S. typhimurium organisms that did groups fed antibiotic-free
      diets; no sulphonamide-resistant organisms of the S. typhimurium strain were
      isolated from the faeces.

PMID- 1100716
TI  - Complex surveillance of Streptococcus pyogenes. II. Resistance in human blood and
      bactericidal activity receptors of field and collection streptococci.
AB  - A comparative study of a series of 31 epidemic streptococci and 36 collection M
      protein producers showed no statistically significant difference in their
      resistance in human blood. Even highly resistant field strains did not produce M
      protein (as the main bactericidal activity receptor) under laboratory conditions,
      however, although under natural conditions they left an anti-M response in the
      exposed population. Streptococcal resistance is not generally associated with M
      protein, but is influenced by another factor.

PMID- 1100717
TI  - Immunochemical properties of streptococcal M protein purified by isoelectric
      focusing.
AB  - Electrofucusing of an alkaline extract of type 24 streptococcal M protein yielded
      an antigenic fraction that was type specific and apparently homogeneous. The
      haptenic nature of this fraction was suggested by its inability to precipitate
      type-specific antiserum or to induce opsonic antibodies in rabbits, despite its
      ability to strongly inhibit opsonization of homologous-type streptococci by M
      antibody. The fraction migrated as a single band upon electrophoresis in sodium
      dodecyl sulfate (SDS) acrylamide gel. The mobility of the protein band was
      consistent with a molecular weight of 36,500 daltons. In some experiments using
      larger quantities of protein, a second faint protein band with an average
      molecular weight of 70,000 was observed, suggesting the presence of dimers of the
      36,500-dalton protein. Amino acid analysis showed the predominant amino acid to
      be glycine followed by aspartic acid and glutamic acid. Moreover, this M protein
      fraction was free of non-type-specific immunotoxic properties in guinea pigs and
      in man. Although apparently not immunogenic, this nontoxic fraction may provide a
      useful tool to study the relationship of the type-specific protective moiety to
      potentially harmful "impurities" in M protein vaccines.

PMID- 1100718
TI  - Mouse effector functions involved in the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
      to xenogeneic erythrocytes.
AB  - Mouse spleen cell populations were fractionated by carbonyl iron depletion and
      nylon wool column separation. The fractions were tested for phagocytic and lytic
      activity against antibody-coated 51Cr-labeled sheep red blood cells. Carbonyl
      iron resistant cells had no phagocytic activity but caused lysis at a relatively
      slow rate. Nylon wool column nonadherent cells had a similar effect. In contrast
      with the slow lytic action of these cells, nylon wool adherent cells or non
      carbonyl iron-treated cells had phagocytic as well as rapid lytic action. Under
      the conditions studied, both rapid and slow lytic functions were saturable
      whereas the phagocytic function was not.

PMID- 1100719
TI  - Reactivity of antihuman thymocyte serum with acute leukemic blasts.
AB  - The presence of receptors for sheep erythrocytes (E) on some leukemic
      lymphoblasts is suggestive but not conclusive evidence for a thymic origin of
      these lymphoid cells. Normal and leukemic lymphoid populations were therefore
      examined to determine if the formation of spontaneous E rosettes correlated with
      the presence of thymus-associated cell surface antigens. Lymphoblasts from four
      of 12 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) formed spontaneous E
      rosettes at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C (E+) and bound rabbit antihuman
      thymocyte serum, as determined by indirect immunofluorescence and by an indirect
      radiolabeled antibody assay. The blasts from the other eight children did not
      form E rosettes at 4 or 37 degrees C (E-) and did not bind antithymocyte serum.
      Absorption of the antiserum with peripheral blood leukocytes removed all
      detectable reactivity with normal peripheral blood lymphocytes, normal bone
      marrow cells, and E- bone marrow cells, but did not remove all reactivity with
      thymus cells or E+ leukemic blasts. Absorption of the antiserum with thymus from
      one donor removed all reactivity against thymus cells from another donor. After
      absorption with normal peripheral blood leukocytes, the antithymocyte serum
      reacted with E+ leukemic blasts but not with remission lymphocytes from the same
      patients. Thus, there are at least two distinct thymus-associated antigens-one
      that is present on T lymphocytes from peripheral blood as well as thymus and
      another that is present only on normal thymus and on ALL blasts that are
      identified by their ability to form E rosettes at 37 degrees C.

PMID- 1100720
TI  - Antibody-induced redistribution of CEA on the cell surface: utilization in
      separation of CEA and isoantigen A.
AB  - Antibodies specific for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) induced polar
      redistribution of CEA which was expressed on the surface of human intestinal
      carcinoma cells grown in tissue culture. Polar redistribution occurred at 23
      degrees C and 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C and was inhibited by sodium
      azide and cytochalasin B. Antibodies to isoantigen A did not react with CEA at
      the cell surface but did react with isoantigen A which was not redistributed by
      the antibody. Cells which expressed both CEA and isoantigen A were used to
      demonstrate that polar redistribution of CEA could be induced without altering
      the distribution of isoantigen A. The data indicate that CEA and isoantigen A can
      be expressed on the same cell as separate molecules.

PMID- 1100721
TI  - Evidence for an abnormal microenvironment in the thymus of New Zealand black
      mice.
AB  - The proliferative response of NZB and DBA/2 thymocytes and spleen cells to
      allogeneic cells and mitogens was studied in intact and lethally irradiated bone
      marrow-repopulated syngeneic recipients. The major findings were complete
      recovery of function in NZB spleen cells and premature recovery in thymocytes
      compared to the control DBA/2 strain. This recovery was not influenced by the
      administration of thymosin to the recipients, and was not due to functional
      thymocytes present in the donor marrow inoculum. These results suggest normal or
      increased support of T cell differentiation by the radioresistant thymus in 4
      month-old NZB mice. Thymic epithelial cell products regulating T cell maturation
      may be disordered or unbalanced but do not appear to be broadly deficient at this
      age.

PMID- 1100722
TI  - Temporal dependence of the inhibition by cytochalasin B of antigen-initiated
      migration inhibition factor production.
AB  - The effects of cytochalasin B on the antigen recognition process have been
      examined using an in vitro assay of macrophage-inhibition factor (MIF) production
      by activated guinea pig T lymphocyte-enriched populations. The data indicate that
      cytochalasin B inhibits MIF production if added at the initiation of culture but
      not if added 2 hr after antigen. These data are interpreted as consistent with
      either an inhibition by cytochalasin B of the physical assoication of antigen
      bearing marcrophage and lymphocytes or with an inhibition of the access of
      antigen to the T lymphocyte receptor.

PMID- 1100723
TI  - A subpopulation of T cells bearing Fc receptors.
AB  - A wide range of cell populations were examined for Fc receptor (FcR)-bearing T
      cells: thymus, spleen, peritoneal cells, and T cells activated to H-2 antigens in
      spleen (ATC spleen) and in thoracic duct lymph (T-TDL). In addition, B
      lymphocytes from thoracic duct lymph of athymic nude mice and a Thy-1-positive,
      FcR-positive thymoma served as control cell populations. Reagents used were
      aggregates of human gamma-globulin and of various mouse myeloma proteins (IgG1,
      IgG2a, IgG2b), radioiodinated antigen-antibody complexes, and sheep erythrocyte
      antibody rosettes. Labeling techniques involving radioautography and
      immunofluorescence were used to demonstrate FcR by one of the above reagents and
      to identify T cells either by staining with anti-Thy-1.2 or by a specific rabbit
      anti-mouse T cell serum, or by failure to stain with anti-mouse immunoglobulin.
      In some experiments phagocytic cells were removed whereas in others they were
      identified by their capacity to engulf latex particles. Approximately 25% of
      cells with T cell markers were FcR-bearing cells in thymus, normal spleen, and
      peritoneal cavity, and 17% in ATC spleen. FcR on T cells in peripheral lymphoid
      tissues were detectable by aggregates of HGG and myeloma proteins and by
      radioiodinated immune complexes. Those on T cells in thymus were revealed only by
      aggregates of HGG. Circulating T cells (T.TDL) failed to display FcR: a) despite
      the use of a wide range of the above labeling techniques, each of which was shown
      to detect FcR on other T cells, thymoma cells, and B cells, and b) even after
      removal of Ig associated with their cell membranes. In contrast to B cell FcR
      which bound IgG1 preferentially, those on T cells bound both IgG1 and IgG2,
      raising the possibility that the FcR on T cell is distinct from that on B cell.
      It is concluded that FcR-bearing T cells represent a subpopulation of cells
      within the thymus and the secondary lymphoid tissues.

PMID- 1100724
TI  - Antigen-enhanced glucosamine incorporation by peritoneal macrophages in cell
      mediated hypersensitivity. I. Studies on biology and mechanism.
AB  - The interaction between sensitized lymphocytes and specific antigen occurring in
      classic delayed hypersensitivity causes guinea pig peritoneal macrophages to
      incorporate increased amounts of glucosamine into TCA precipitable, membrane
      associated, cell surface material. Antigen-induced stimulation of glucosamine
      also occurred in peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) isolated from animals primed for
      cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity with certain strong antigens (KLH, vaccinia
      virus) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA), and lymphocytes from such animals
      elaborated MIF when cultured with specific antigen. Thus, the use of complete
      Freund's adjuvant is not obligatory for the induction of sensitized lymphocytes
      capable of secreting MIF or stimulating macrophage glucosamine incorporation;
      however, the potency of the immunogen employed is a critical variable since
      lymphocytes from animals primed with weaker antigens (HSA, BGG) in IFA did not
      have these capabilities. Significantly enhanced incorporation of radioactive
      glucosamine by macrophages occurred when normal PEC were cultured in lymphokine
      containing supernatants, but the magnitude of incorporation was smaller than that
      of sensitized PEC stimulated by antigen. The final 24 hr of macrophage culture
      was critically important because lymphokines were equally effective in promoting
      glucosamine incorporation when present for only this interval. The kinetics of
      this response are thus very similar to those reported for macrophage
      "activation". The mechanism by which sensitized lymphocytes and their products
      stimulate glucosamine incorporation is not established, but at least part of the
      increment may be attributed to enhanced transport of glucosamine across the
      macrophage plasma membrane. The plant lectins Con A and PHA stimulated
      unsensitized plastic-adherent cells to increased glucosamine in corporation and
      exerted a further additive stimulation on sensitized PEC when nonadherent
      sensitized lymphocytes were present. It is likely that these mitogens stimulate
      glucosamine incorporation by two distinct mechanisms, one involving sensitized
      nonadherent lymphocytes and a second involving only adherent cells (macrophages
      and/or plastic adherent lymphocytes.

PMID- 1100725
TI  - Structural and genetic basis of the in vivo immune response to TNP-LPS.
AB  - TNP-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) is a potent T-independent antigen in vivo,
      inducing a TNP-PFC response in T-depleted animals. The structural integrity of
      the lipid A-KDO portion of the LPS carrier molecule appears to be required since
      the haptenated LPS from Salmonella minnesota Re595 is immunogenic whereas the
      haptenated derivative of base hydrolyzed LPS is not. The immune response is not
      associated with any of the common histocompatiblity types, but does depend on the
      ability of the host strain to respond to LPS. C3H/HeJ mice are not killed by low
      doses of LPS and give a poor PFC response to TNP-LPS. Lethality and
      immunogenicity are dominant responses in hybrids of C3H/HeJ and responder mice.
      The structural and genetic requirements for the response to TNP-LPS suggest an
      active role for the carrier in the immunogenicity of this T-independent antigen.

PMID- 1100726
TI  - Number of histocompatibility loci in Syrian hamsters.
AB  - Syrian hamsters descended from animals captured in the summer of 1971 have been
      utilized to obtain some estimate of the number of histocompatibility loci in this
      species. The survival of skin grafts on two F2 populations derived from these
      animals and two isogenic stocks indicates considerably more histocompatibility
      loci than previously reported.

PMID- 1100727
TI  - The immune adherence receptor: dissociation between the expression of erythrocyte
      and mononuclear cell C3b receptors.
AB  - Human erythrocytes have a surface receptor for the third component of complement
      (C3b). This receptor mediates the immune adherence (IA) reaction. In this study,
      erythrocytes from over 100 normal donors and from donors with rare blood group
      types were examine for IA reactivity. All donors had red cells with high titer IA
      activity, with the exception of one Rh null individual whose erythrocytes had
      barely detectable IA activity. Five other Rh null donors had normal IA titers.
      Because of the apparent defect in the expression of the red cell C3b receptor in
      this one individual, the mononuclear cell C3b receptors of this donor were
      studied and found to be normal. These findings suggest that expression of the
      erythrocyte C3b receptor may be controlled by factors which differ from those
      determining expression of the mononuclear cell C3b receptor.

PMID- 1100728
TI  - The humoral response of mouse spleen cells to two types of sheep erythrocytes. I.
      Genetic control of the response to H and L SRBC.
AB  - Some strains of mice discriminate between two types of sheep erythrocytes (H or L
      SRBC) and others do not. It is proposed that there are shared antigen(s) common
      to both H and L extra antig(s) present only in H. It shown that individual clones
      of antibody-forming cells make antibody to either the shared or extra antigens.
      These antigenic differences are not found to correlate with any of the known 
      major sheep erythrocyte antigens. The genetic control of the ability to
      discriminate between these two types of red cell was investigated by an analysis
      of response of F1, F2 and backcross mice. The results suggest that the response
      is under multigene control. BL/6 mice give high responses to the extra antigens
      and low responses to the shared (high discriminator). DBA/2 gives high responses
      to the extra antigen (nondiscriminator). F1 mice give high responses to both
      extra and shared antigen but still discriminate between the two types of
      erythrocytes (low discriminator). Additional phenotypes appear in the F2 and
      backcross mice.

PMID- 1100729
TI  - Effects of migration inhibiting factor(s) on the in vitro detachment of
      macrophages.
AB  - Supernatants from spleen cells, derived from mice injected with BCG and cultured
      with PPD, specificially inhibited the migration of normal mouse peritoneal
      macrophages when compared with control supernatants. Migration inhibitory
      supernatants were also shown to decrease the detachment of adherent macrophages
      in a novel test system. Both macrophage migration and detachment inhibitory
      activities were abrogated by neuraminidase and chymotrypsin treatment of
      supernatants but were thermostable, suggesting that the detachment test is a
      sensitive index of MIF activity.

PMID- 1100730
TI  - In vivo effects of cortisone on the B cell line in chickens.
AB  - The effects of a single dose of cortisone acetate (5 or 10 mg/100 g body weight)
      on B cells were examined in young chickens. A dose-dependent increase in numbers
      of circulating B lymphocytes and a change in their Ig-class distribution were
      followed by parallel increase in splenic plasma cells and serum immunoglobulins.
      The higher dose of cortisone produced changes in Bmu and Bgamma cells, whereas
      the lower dose primarily affected Bmu cells. These steroid-induced changes were
      preceded by lymphocyte depletion in the cortical regions of bursal follicles, and
      prior bursectomy prevented steroid-induced increases in circulating B lymphocytes
      and tissue plasma cells. The results suggest that cortisone can induce bursal
      lymphocytes to migrate from the bursa and to settle subsequently in peripheral
      lymphoid tissues where they become mature plasma cells.

PMID- 1100731
TI  - DNA release as a direct measure of microbial killing. I. Serum bactericidal
      activity.
AB  - A new method for quantification of microbial killing is presented, based upon the
      assumption that release of DNA from an organism can be taken as direct evidence
      of cell death. The assay was applied to measurement of serum bactericidal
      activity. A "serum-sensitive" Escherichia coli, whose DNA was pre-labeled with
      [14C] thymidine, released 95 to 100% of its radioactivity upon exposure to human
      serum for 120 min. This was accompanied by a fall in viability with less than
      0.1% of the bacteria surviving. Heating serum to 56 degrees C for 30 min
      completely abolished both DNA release and killing. Normal serum did not release
      DNA from a "serum-resistant". Salmonella typhimurium whereas exposure to
      ampicillin caused both significant killing and DNA release. This assay is highly
      specific, sensitive, and rapid.

PMID- 1100732
TI  - Effect on tolerance induction of the mode of attachment of the hapten the
      carrier.
AB  - In this study we have investigated the role played by the mode of attachment of
      the hapten on autologous IgG in the induction of carrier-determined tolerance.
      Three conjugates of the dinitrophenyl hapten and mouse gamma-globulin were
      prepared: 1) DNP-epsilon-lysine-MGG, 2) DNP-azo-MGG (which binds to histidine and
      tyrosine), 3) DNP-must-MGG (which binds to the carboxyl groups of glutamic or
      aspartic acid). DNP was also bound to the immunogenic carrier keyhole limpet
      hemocyanin (KLH) by the three different linkages. The three DNP mouse-gamma
      globulin conjugates were used to induce tolerance and immediately thereafter the
      animals were immunized with  various DNP-KLH conjugates. Antibody response was
      tested by a modiciation of the Jerne plaque assay. It was found that DNP-epsilon
      lysine-MGG induced tolerance to both DNP-epsilon-lysine-KLH and to DNP-azo-KLH.
      In contrast, neither DNP-azo-MGG nor DNP-must-MGG induced tolerance to DNP
      epsilon-lysine-KLH or to DNP-azo-KLH and DNP-must-KLH, respectively. Clearance
      studies showed no differences in the catabolic rate of the various hapten mouse
      gamma-globulin conjugates as compared to unconjugated MGG. However, although DNP
      must-MGG and DNP-azo-MGG were not tolerogenic, they were immunogenic. In
      conclusion, this study demonstrated that not only the nature of the carrier but
      the mode of hapten binding to his carrier are critical for the induction of
      hapten specific tolerance.

PMID- 1100733
TI  - In vitro immunogenicity of trinitrophenylated bacteriophage T4. I. Lack of helper
      cell cooperation.
AB  - A primary immune response was obtained in vitro to trinitrophenylated
      bacteriophate T4 (TNP-T4) by using normal BALB/c spleen cells challenged in
      vitro. The primary response was limited to anti-TNP; we failed to find evidence
      of a primary anti-T4 response in spleen cell cultures challenged with either TNP
      T4 or native T4. In vivo priming with the carrier T4 failed to enhance the
      subsequent in vitro response to TNP-T4 although such priming sometimes caused
      suppression of the anti-hapten response. The addition of excess free carrier to
      spleen cell cultures challenged with TNP-T4 failed to suppress the anti-tnp
      response. Spleen cells treated with anti-theta plus complement were unaffected in
      their ability to respond to TNP-T4. We conclude that TNP-T4 should be classified
      among the thymus independent antigens.

PMID- 1100734
TI  - Expanding abdominal cuticle in the bug Rhodnius and the tick Boophilus.

PMID- 1100735
TI  - [Impression of the crown and bridge].

PMID- 1100736
TI  - [Functional application of the dental clasps].

PMID- 1100737
TI  - [Cellular responses to vibration during dental drilling with belt drive motor
      engine (in vitro) (author's transl)].
AB  - There have been many reports on the pulpal reaction caused by vibration during
      high speed dental drilling with air turbine hand-piece. It is, however, not clear
      pulpal responses to vibration of low speed drilling with 7 000 rpm of belt drive
      motor engine which produces a fundamental vibration of about 170 cps having most
      unpleasant sensation at vestibular apparatus. Here, cellular responses of L
      strain cells to vibration derived from 7 000 rpm and 15 000 rpm of belt drive
      motor engine were observed in vitro system. There is no difference between the
      both cellular responses to the vibration of 7 000 rpm and 15 000 rpm. Suspended
      free cells were easily influenced and degenerated by the vibration, and
      remarkably checked in their cell-multiplication. On the contrary, in the cells
      adhered to the substratum of glassware, no degeneration and no inhibitory effect
      were observed. And the cells showed reversible response of cytoplasmic shrinkage
      only.

PMID- 1100738
TI  - [Recent development in the study of somatomedin (author's transl)].

PMID- 1100739
TI  - [Reconstruction of the upper lip defect due to dog bite avulsion by the Abbe
      Estlander method --report of a case-- (author's transl)].

PMID- 1100740
TI  - Inhibition of leukocyte candidacidal activity by serum from patients with
      disseminated candidiasis.
AB  - The effect of normal serum and serum for seven patients with disseminated
      candidiasis (DC) on candidacidal activity of normal human neutrophils (PMNL) was
      studied. PMNL incubated in DC serum had depressed candiacidal activity when
      compared to studies with normal serum. The candidacidal defect was not related to
      differences in particle uptake since phagocytic indices were similar with either
      normal or DC serum. DC serum did not affect PMNL bactericidal activity against
      Staphylococcus aureus. When Candida albicans (CA) was incubated in either normal
      or DC sera, washed, and added to PMNL in normal serum, pronounced inhibition of
      candidacidal activity was seen in all studies with CA previously incubated in DC
      serum. Dilution of DC serum or absorption of DC serum with heat-killed CA
      reversed the candidacidal defect. Ultrastructural studies of phagocytized CA
      demonstrated small ("tight") phagolysosomes and a delay in breakdown of an
      electron-dense coating on CA previously incubated in DC serum when compared to
      controls. Inhibition of leukocyte candidacidal activity appeared to be related to
      high titers of IgG antibodies against CA present in DC serum.

PMID- 1100741
TI  - Relation between insulin and glucose flux rates in the dog.
AB  - A constant infusion isotope dilution procedure for measurement of plasma insulin
      flux rates was performed in acutely eviscerated dogs receiving an infusion of
      nonlabeled insulin; the calculated rate of insulin flux corresponded closely to
      that of the administered rate, thus validating the isotope dilution procedure.
      Flux rates of insulin and glucose were measured simultaneously at different
      steady levels in intact dogs. There was a linear relationship between plasma
      insulin concentration and insulin flux rate. In each animal there was also a
      linear relationship between glucose flux rate and insulin concentration, and
      between rates of glucose flux and insulin flux, but there was considerable inter
      animal variation in the slope of the regression lines.

PMID- 1100742
TI  - VIIth and VIIIth cranial nerve palsies due to parathyroid adenoma with associated
      osteitis fibrosa cystica.

PMID- 1100743
TI  - The surgical closure of exposed skull.
AB  - The closure of scalp defects is still surrounded by many uncertainties. Free skin
      graft has proved most successful. Thiersch graft, split skin graft and full
      thickness skin graft have their indication for use. Thiersch skin graft is used
      as a temporary dressing, in order to achieve aseptic wound conditions, but cannot
      be looked upon as a lasting solution cosmetically and functionally. Split skin is
      used only for the closure of smaller defects. Full thickness skin grafts are most
      suitable, because they offer a lasting coverage, which meets to all demands. If
      the outer table of the skull is exposed, multiple bur holes could be placed
      immediately in cases of fresh injuries, and these facilitate the growth of
      granulation tissues which nourish the outer table adequately, so that it remains
      viable. Exposure of the outer table of the skull for a long time leads to
      necrosis of the superficial layer. It must therefore be removed down to the
      diploe with a chisel, or brought to early sequestration by means of numerous
      perforations made with a bur. Skin should not, however, be placed on the exposed
      diploe immediately, but it should be allowed to granulate, so as to produce a
      layer of fibrous tissue beneath the grafted full thickness skin. Thus a direct
      adhesion to the bony underlayer is prevented, and the skin remains movable. The
      danger of pressure ulcer is also prevented. The figures show the surgical
      procedure.

PMID- 1100744
TI  - Clinical and histological late findings on pedicled skin flaps in the oral
      cavity.
AB  - Pedicled skin flaps of 22 patients which had been exposed for many years to the
      environment of the oral cavity were examined clinically and histologically. The
      results permit statements to be made on the nature of the changes which occur on
      the surface, and in the histological picture of the graft. The superficial skin
      changes, as well as the typical histological structures of the external skin are
      shown in the micro-photographs presented, to be still preserved after many years.

PMID- 1100745
TI  - Post mortem recovery of mandibular osseous graft with cellulose acetate filter. A
      case report.
AB  - A surgical procedure was performed to re-establish both aesthetics and functional
      form to a post partial mandibulectomy patient. A particulate, autogenous osseous
      graft from the hip was supported by a mandibular tantalum splint lined with a
      cellulose acetate filter. The patient developed metastatic carcinoma in the donor
      graft site and lung. The mandibular graft and supporting tissue was removed
      postmortem and examined histologically. It was observed that normal bone
      reconstruction was taking place and that union of mandibular bone and graft was
      evident. Secondary squamous cell carcinoma had invaded the symphysis area of the
      graft. It is also of interest to note that the tumour was mot able to penetrate
      those areas where the cellulose acetate filter was present.

PMID- 1100746
TI  - Therapeutic uses of permanent pervenous atrial pacemakers: A review.
AB  - The available techniques for permanent pervenous atrial pacing have been reviewed
      with particular emphasis on the coronary vein approach. The major therapeutic
      uses for permanent atrial pacing include sinus node dysfunction, recurrent
      ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and intractable supraventricular tachycardias.
      Special types of atrial pacing involve the use of bifocal atrioventricular
      sequential pacing, paired atrial pacing, and rapid atrial pacing generators. The
      potential problems associated with the coronary vein atrial pacing method are
      discussed.

PMID- 1100747
TI  - Localization of prolactin in rat kidney tissue using a double-antibody technique.
AB  - A fluorescein-labelled double-antibody technique was used for the microscopical
      localization of ovine prolactin in kidney tissue of rats previously injected
      intravenously with 50 i.u. of the hormone at varying intervals before death.
      Thirty seconds after the injection, the hormone could already be visualized in
      teh lumina of the proximal tubules. After 2 min, discrete praticulate
      fluorescence appeared on the brush border of the epithelium of the proximal
      tubules. Three minutes later prolactin was clearly localized in the apical
      portion of the cytoplasm of these cells as well as on the brush border. Ten
      minutes after the injection, the hormone appeared exclusively within the cell,
      highest concentrations being observed in the perinuclear region. After 20 min,
      however, the hormone appeared evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The
      distributtion of prolactin was in all cases confined to the proximal tubular
      region of the nephron. The findings support the suggestion that the site of
      action of prolactin in the kidney is the epithelium of the proximal tubule. As
      prolactin was first visualized in the lumen of this portion of the nephron, it
      appers that the hormone gains access to these cells via the glomerular filtrate.

PMID- 1100748
TI  - Serum luteininzing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations in
      immature femal rats treated with multiple injections and various  amounts of
      luteinizing hormone releasing hormone.
AB  - Release of immunoreactive LH and FSH was induced in immature intact female rats
      by repeated injections of synthetic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH
      RH). Altering the dose of LH-RH (5, 10, 20, 50 ng) and the frequency of
      administration (every 10, 20, 30 or 60 min) over a period of 2 h produced a
      variety of serum LH and FSH concentrations and ratios. When the dose was a
      constant 20 ng but the frequency of injections was either 20 or 30 min, a steady
      state in serum gonadotrophin concentrations was reached within 1 h and the level
      remained the same during the second hour. When given every 10 min, 20 ng LH-RH
      produced a much higher concentration of both LH and FSH during the second hour of
      stimulation. Examination of the gonadotrophin levels after each injection of LH
      RH showed that the pituitary response was variable in spite of a constant
      stimulus.

PMID- 1100749
TI  - Release of follicle-stimulating hormone in vitro from pituitary tissue of mal
      rats or various ages.

PMID- 1100750
TI  - Proceedings: Pathogenesis and treatment of male hypogonadism.

PMID- 1100751
TI  - Proceedings: Promotion of fertility in women: induction of ovulation.

PMID- 1100752
TI  - A new method for the production of experimental diabetes in rabbits.
AB  - Oral administration of 250 mg hydrochlorothiazide/kg, with previous i.v.
      injection of 4 i.u. soluble insulin or s.c. injection of protamine-zinc insulin,
      has been found to produce stable hyperglycaemia in rabbits irrespective of sex.
      It is thought that insulin helps the selective action of hydrochlorothiazide on
      the beta cells by removing the protective glucose barrier. Although stimulation
      of glucagon or some extra-pancreatic mechanism at the initial stage could not be
      altogether ruled out, the central action of the drug is supported by the finding
      that the hydrochlorothiazide-induced hyperglycaemia was lowered by the
      sulphonylurea derivative, chlorpropamide.

PMID- 1100753
TI  - Proceedings: Gonadotrophin releasing hormone studies in animals.

PMID- 1100754
TI  - Proceedings: Gonadotrophin releasing hormone studies in man.

PMID- 1100755
TI  - Measurement of gonadotrophin releasing hormone in biological fluids.

PMID- 1100756
TI  - Specificity of oxytocin and vasopressin immunofluorescence.
AB  - A total inhibition of immunofluorescence could not be obtained using the
      technique of preincubating either anti-vasopressin or anti-oxytocin plasmas with
      their homologous antigens. An alternative test of specificity was therefore
      developed. Lysine-vasopressin (LVP), arginine-vasopressin (AVP) or oxytocin were
      covalently bound to CNB-activated agarose beads. These hormone-coupled beads were
      then either placed immediately on glass slides and treated in the same way as
      tissue sections for immunofluorescence, or pre-incubated in test-tubes with the
      antibodies and then prepared for immunofluorescence. Fluorescence was measured
      quantitatively using a Leitz orthoplan microscope with epi-illumination and a
      photometer attachment. Without pre-incubation the anti-oxytocin plasmas produced
      intensive fluorescence on those beads containing their homologous antigen
      (oxytocin) but only slight fluorescence with the heterologous antigens (AVP or
      LVP). Anti-vasopressin plasmas produced intensive fluorescence of AVP-, LVP- and
      oxytocin-containing beads. Because the neurohypophysial hormones were bound to
      agarose beads, antibodies binding to these hormones could be removed by simple
      centrifugation. Anti-oxytocin and anti-vasopressin lost their fluorescence
      capacity after pre-incubation with oxytocin- or vasopressin-containing beads
      respectively, showing that all the antibodies important for fluorescence were
      bound to homologous antigens. Pre-incubation of anti-oxytocin or anti-vasopressin
      with beads coupled to their heterologous hormones completely removed the
      components binding to the heterologous hormone, leaving antibodies that showed
      fluorescence only with oxytocin or vasopressin respectively. This purification
      showed that in contrast to the findings with homologous antigens, not all of the
      antibody population bound to its heterologous antigen. Using non-purified anti
      vasopressin, immunofluorescence was observed in neurohypophyses of homozygous
      Brattleboro rats. This was evidently due to those antibodies which bind to
      oxytocin, since the fluorescence was abolished after pre-incubating the antibody
      containing plasmas with oxytocin-coupled beads. Immunofluorescence was still
      observed, however, in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of both Wistar and heterozygous
      Brattleboro rats, if purified anti-vasopressin was used. This was probably due to
      either vasopressin storage or production in these hypothalamic cells.

PMID- 1100757
TI  - Effect of indomethacin on the pituitary response to synthetic luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone in women with amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea.

PMID- 1100758
TI  - [Studies on the origin of various blood cell lines in the salamander Pleurodeles
      waltlii (author's transl)].
AB  - Grafting of haemopoietic organs was performed at several developmental stages
      between diploid and autotetraploid individuals of Pleurodeles waltlii. The
      difference in size between diploid and tetraploid cells is so obvious that their
      identification is possible by direct microscopic examination. To avoid
      immunological rejection, the grafts have been made with inbred animals. 2. After
      grafting the spleen, the host cells are observed to colonize it. This phenomenon
      is more important with spleens from donors at early stages of development. When
      the spleen from a late larval stage or a metamorphosed animal is transplanted
      into another larva, the blood of the latter contains 66 or 72% erythrocytes
      originating from the graft. 3. Embryonic liver grafting is followed by a
      colonization of all haemopoietic organs by cells originating from the
      granulopoietic tissue of the graft. The proportion of grafted blood cells is then
      very high. A liver graft performed at a larval stage gives qualitatively similar
      results but the numbers of cells originating from the graft are lower. A survey
      of intra-cardiac erythropoiesis in these animals shows that it develops from
      stream blood cells and not from cardiac endothelial cells. 4. After thymus graft,
      the lymphoid part of the organ is replaced by the host cells. 5. From these
      results, it is suggested that the granulopoietic liver tissue contains one or
      several kinds of stem cells which could differentiate into all types of blood
      cells.

PMID- 1100759
TI  - Development of mouse-bank vole interspecific chimaeric embryos.
AB  - One bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) embryo and two mouse embryos were
      combined at the 8- to 16-blastomere stage and cultured in vitro for 33-47 h. In
      66% of cases single regular blastocysts were formed. The chimaeric composition of
      blastocysts was confirmed karyologically. Out of the 222 blastocysts transplanted
      to 49 pseudopregnant mouse recipients, a total of 52 implantations were found in
      20 recipients. Among the 52 implantations, 14 contained embryos and the remaining
      were resorptions. The majority of embryos were abnormal and fell into two
      categories: (1) groups of cells surrounded by Reichert's membrane and lying
      freely in a cavity filled with giant trophoblastic cells, (2) small and retarded
      egg-cylinders usually composed of endoderm and ectoderm only, and containing a
      proamniotic cavity. The ectoplacental cone of these embryos was poorly developed
      or lacking altogether. Two normal-looking embryos were recovered on the 9th and
      10th day (4-somite and ca. 12-somite stage). Chimaerism of the younger embryo was
      confirmed karyologically. No evidence of chimaerism was available in the case of
      older embryo which was examined histologically. Thirteen implantations examined
      between 11th and 17th day contained only resorptions. It is suggested that the
      main cause of the heavy mortality of chimaeric embryos is the profound difference
      in the course of embryogenesis of these two species immediately following
      implantation.

PMID- 1100760
TI  - Pathenogenetic activation of mouse oocytes following avertin anaesthesia.
AB  - Avertin anaesthesia induced mouse eggs to become activated parthenogenetically.
      An increasing incidence of activation was observed when females were
      anaesthetized 6-5, 9 and 13 h after ovulation, reaching a maximum of 45.8
      percent. In a spontaneously ovulating group approximately 12.5 percent of all the
      eggs ovulated, or 27.3 percent of all the eggs activated evoked a decidual
      response, and the presence of implanting embryos was confirmed histologically.
      These findings demonstrate a new and simple method of inducing post-implantation
      parthenogenetic development in the mouse, and stress the necessity of taking into
      account the possible consequences of anaesthesia in the early post-ovulatory
      period.

PMID- 1100761
TI  - Stimulation of murine B lymphocytes by isolated C3b.
AB  - Addition of isolated B3b to murine lymph node cell cultures induced increased DNA
      synthesis. The stimulation is dependent on the dose of C3b added and is
      potentiated by fetal calf serum present in the medium. Isolated C3 is less
      stimulatory than C3b; C3a and C3c had no effect on DNA synthesis in these
      cultures. 10-20% large immunoglobulin containing blastlike cells developed in
      lymph node cell cultures stimulated by 50 mug C3b in the presence of 3% fetal
      calf serum. The stimulation by C3b was observed in cultures of lymph node and
      spleen cells of several mouse strains including C3H/HeJ and congenitally thymus
      deficient (nu/nu) mice. The results suggest that B lymphocytes are the main
      target of the stimulatory effect of C3b. Two mechanisms which may be involved in
      the stimulation of lymphocytes by C3b are discussed: (a) cross-linking of
      receptors on the cell surface or between cells, and (b) the binding of C3b to
      receptors of B lymphocytes and the formation of the complement enzyme C3bB. The
      results are compatible with the suggestion that activation of C3 is part of the
      events triggering the B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1100762
TI  - The Fc receptor on thymus-derived lymphocytes. I. Detection of a subpopulation of
      murine T lymphocytes bearing the Fc receptor.
AB  - Utilizing the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and washed murine
      antibody-antigen complexes formed in antibody excess, we have demonstrated the
      presence of the Fc receptor on the surface of a distinct subpopulation of murine
      T lymphocytes. No differences in intensity of labeling with the complexes was
      observed when the Fc+ T lymphocytes were compared with Fc+ B lymphocytes. The
      majority of Fc+ T lymphocytes are small lymphocytes determined by light
      scattering characteristics on the FACS. Separating Fc+ from Fc- T lymphocytes
      from spleens of mice primed 1 wk or 1 mo previously with keyhole limpet
      hemocyanin (KLH) revealed that the T cells capable of cooperating with DNP-KLH
      primed B cells to give an adoptive anti-DNP PFC response do not bear the Fc
      receptor.

PMID- 1100763
TI  - Control of bone resorption by hematopoietic tissue. The induction and reversal of
      congenital osteopetrosis in mice through use of bone marrow and splenic
      transplants.
AB  - The reciprocal transplantation of hematopoietic tissues was carried out on young,
      lethally irradiated mice of inbred, microphthalmic stock. The cell infusions
      prepared from the bone marrow or spleen of a normal littermate fully restored
      capacity to resorb bone and cartilage in the osteopetrotic recipients.
      Conversely, cell infusions prepared from the spleen of microphthalmic mice
      induced osteopetrosis in their irradiated, normal littermates. It is concluded
      that resorption of skeletal matrix is controlled by migratory cells, possibly
      osteoclastic progenitors, derived from the myelogenous tissues. No evidence was
      obtained to suggest that skeletal changes observed in the experimental animals
      were mediated by a graft-vs.-host reaction. The earliest skeletal changes in the
      experimental mice were detected 2 wk after onset which may represent the length
      or time required to replace the osteoclast population of the mouse.

PMID- 1100764
TI  - Antigen-specific T-cell factor in cell cooperation. Mapping within the I region
      of the H-2 complex and ability to cooperate across allogeneic barriers.
AB  - Further mapping of the mouse T-cell factor specific for poly(Try,Glu)-polyD-LAla-
      polyLys is reported. It is shown to be a product of the I-A subregion of the H-2
      complex by the use of antisera either raised specifically against or made
      specific, by absorption, for different regions of the H-2 complex. The factor
      cooperates across allogeneic barriers, e.g., when factor produced by one strian
      is combined with bone marrow cells of other H-2 incompatible strains.

PMID- 1100765
TI  - Detection of non-H2 antigen(s) which, like Ia antigens, are associated with the
      Fc receptor of B lymphocytes.
AB  - Antibodies contained in an A/J anti-B10 antiserum, when tested on lymphocytes
      from B10.A mice, were shown to bind to both B and T cells and to inhibit the
      binding of Ig complexes to the Fc receptors of B lymphocytes. These antibodies
      could be removed by absorption with B10.D2 lymphocytes. Similar results were
      obtained with lymphocytes from two to six (B6A)F1 x A/J backcross mice which had
      H-2a/a genotype. These data indicate that alloantigens determined by at least one
      non-H-2 locus are associated with or a part of Fc receptors. These antigens may
      be similar in structure and function to Ia antigens.

PMID- 1100766
TI  - Evidence that insect dorsal unpaired medican (DUM) neurons are octopaminergic.
AB  - The dorsal unpaired median neuron innervating the extensor tibiae (DUMETi) of
      locusts and grasshoppers, as well as some other DUM neurons, cause long-term
      inhibition of the slow intrinsic rhythm of contraction of the muscle by releasing
      a neurohumoral agent. Large, (600 - 1900 A), dense-core vesicles are present in
      the nerve terminals. The inhibitory action is mimicked by infusioninto the leg of
      a minute (0.01 ml.) drop of locust saline containing a very low concentration
      (10(-6)M) of dopamine or noradrenaline, or an extraordinarily low concentration
      of octopamine (2.5 x 10(-9) M). The amplitude and frequency of the contractions
      slowly return to normal. Neither the cell body nor the neuron fluoresces with the
      Falck-Hillarp treatment, even after a period of ligature has caused an
      accumulation of vesicles. Octopamine does not fluoresce with this treatment.
      Accordingly, it is suggested that this neuron, and the other efferent DUM
      neurons, are octopaminergic.?23Author

PMID- 1100767
TI  - Synthesis of octopamine by insect dorsal median unpaired neurons.
AB  - Dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons of locusts and grasshoppers inhibit the
      instrinsic rhythm of contraction of metathoracic extensor tibia muscle fibers.
      This physiological action is mimicked by very low concentrations of octopamine
      and by higher concentrations of dopamine and noradrenaline. We have examined the
      synthesis of biogenic amines from tritiated tyrosine by these neurons. DUM cell
      bodies and a peripheral nerve containing the DUM axon which terminates in the
      extensor tibia both produced octopamine, but neither noradrenaline nor dopamine
      synthesis was detected. The observations support the suggestion that the dorsal
      unpaired median neurons are octopaminergic.

PMID- 1100768
TI  - Atomic absorption analysis of some trace metals of toxicological interest.
AB  - A selective and critical review, mainly from 1971 to 1974, of atomic absorption
      applied to the determination of eight toxic metals (lead, mercury, cadmium,
      thallium, arsenic, bismuth, beryllium, and boron) in blood, urine, and tissue is
      presented. Discussion involves both flame and flameless atomization, sample
      preparation, matrix modification, background correction, and contamination.
      Advantages of other atomic spectrometric techniques and use of recent
      confirmatory instrumental methods are included. Some normal and toxic levels are
      mentioned.

PMID- 1100769
TI  - 73rd annual meeting of Florida Medical Association adjourns to Havana.

PMID- 1100770
TI  - Visiting the medical school and some hospitals in Havana.

PMID- 1100771
TI  - Killer 'canes and medical care.

PMID- 1100772
TI  - Temporary expression of flagellar phase-1 in phase-2 clones of diphasic
      Salmonella.
AB  - Diphasic Salmonella strains, Salmonella typhimurium TM2, S. abony SW803 and their
      derivatives differing in flagellar shape and antigen type, were found to produce
      copolymer segments of phase-1 and phase-2 flagellins among flagella in phase 2,
      except for a strain which is non-flagellate in phase 1. The copolymer segments
      were not detected in phase-1 clones of any of the strains. The wave-forms of the
      copolymers are homologous with those of the copolymer filaments obtained by in
      vitro reconstitution of the corresponding phase-1 and phase-2 flagellins. Thus,
      in the mutant producing normal flagella in phase 1 and straight ones in phase 2,
      copolymer segments with curly or small waves appear among the straight filaments.
      Formation of the copolymers was attributed to temporary derepression of the
      structural gene for phase-1, flagellin, HI, in phase 2. Copolymerization occurred
      in a fraction of the phase-2 cell population at late exponential and early
      stationary phase in nutrient broth cultures. When a phase-2 cell was temporarily
      derepressed, the copolymers formed almost simultaneously in every growing
      flagellar filament of the cell. Their formation continued for a short period
      until the supply of phase-1 flagellin was exhausted after re-establishment of
      repression. This period was estimated to be 7-7 min on average, fluctuating
      between 4 and 13 min in a cell population of a straight flagellar mutant whose
      generation time was 55 min in late exponential phase.

PMID- 1100773
TI  - Transduction of a Proteus vulgaris strain by a Proteus mirabilis bacteriophage.
AB  - Only Proteus vulgaris strain PV127 out of many P. vulgaris, P. morganii and
      Providence strains was transduced to kanamycin resistance by high-frequency
      transducing variants, 5006MHFTk and 5006MHFTak, of phage 5006M, a general
      transducing phage for P. mirabilis strain PM5006. The phages adsorbed poorly to
      strain PV127 and did not form plaques. The transduction frequency of PV127 by
      these phages was 5 x 10(-8)/p.f.u. adsorbed. Phage 5006M increased the
      transduction frequencies. Abortive transductants were not detected. Transductants
      segregated kanamycin-sensitive clones at high frequency and this, together with
      data from the inactivation of transducing activity of lysates by ultraviolet
      irradiation, indicated that transduction was by lysogenization. The general
      transducing property of the phages was not expressed in transductions to
      auxotrophs of PV127. Transductants (type I) resulting from low multiplicities of
      phage input adsorbed phage to the same extent as PV127. This suggested a defect
      in the transducing particles (or host) because single phage 5006M infection
      converted strain PM5006 to non-adsorption of homologous phage. Type I
      transductants did not liberate phage, suggesting a defective phage maturation
      function. Transductants (type II) which arose from higher multiplicities of phage
      input did not adsorb phage, indicating possible heterogeneity among transducing
      particles. Phage derived from type II transductants adsorbed poorly to PV127 and
      transduced it to kanamycin resistance at frequencies similar to those of phages
      5006MHFTk and 5006MHFTak, ruling out host-controlled modification as a cause of
      the low transduction frequencies. This phage transduced PM5006 to antibiotic
      resistance at high frequencies but generalized transduction was again not
      detected. It was suggested that general transduction could be performed by
      particles which, due to a different composition and/or mode of chromosomal
      integration, made material they carried susceptible to host-cell modification.

PMID- 1100774
TI  - A 98 megadalton R factor of compatibility group C in a Vibrio cholerae El Tor
      isolate from southern U.S.S.R.

PMID- 1100775
TI  - Regulation of fructose uptake by glucose in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A mutant, DAI, has been isolated from the Escherichia coli K12, strain K2. 1t, as
      a colony resistant to 2-deoxyglucose (DG) when growing on fructose but still
      sensitive to DG when growing on other sugars. The mutation in DAI specifically
      affects the catabolite inhibition of fructose utilization by glucose and glucose
      6-phosphate; the affected gene (designated cif) is located at min 41 on the E.
      coli linkage map and is highly co-transducible with the genes that specify the
      uptake of fructose (ptsF) and enzymic conversion of fructose-1-phosphate to
      fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (fpk).

PMID- 1100776
TI  - Antagonism by sterols of the action of amphotericin and filipin on the release of
      potassium ions from Candida albicans and Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. capri.

PMID- 1100777
TI  - 2'-Deoxyadenosine and A23187 as agents for inducing synchrony in the budding
      yeast, Kluyveromyces fragilis.
AB  - The effects of induction synchrony by 2'-deoxyadenosine and the ionophore A23187
      were compared with selection synchrony methods in Kluyveromyces fragilis. 2'
      Deoxyadenosine synchronizes nuclear division and this is followed by synchronous
      cell division, but DNA synthesis is not synchronized. The ionophore A23187 also
      induces synchronous nuclear division and synchronous cell division, but likewise
      does not synchronize DNA synthesis.

PMID- 1100778
TI  - Interferon production in tortoise peritoneal cells.

PMID- 1100779
TI  - [Necrologie. Prof. Ernst Frauchiger, 1903-1975].

PMID- 1100780
TI  - Human figure drawings in a prospective study of six disorders: hypertension,
      coronary heart disease, malignant tumor, suicide, mental illness, and emotional
      disturbance.
AB  - To test the hypothesis that human figures drawn by young adults are potential
      predictors of future disease states, drawings of 204 former medical students were
      examined 13 to 23 years later. During the interval, the 102 subjects in the
      experimental group developed one of six specified disorders, while the 102
      subjects in the control groups remained in good health. Drawings were classified
      in eight categories based primarily on the stance of the figure. Categories of
      drawings found to be distinctive for the various groups are: healthy control
      groups: the neutral or uncommitted attitude; hypertension/coronary group: the
      inviting or input-demanding attitude; malignant tumor group: the attitude of
      ambivalence or conflict; suicide/mental illness group: the self-related or
      withdrawal attitude; emotional disturbance group: incomplete figures, bizarre
      figures, action scenes. Thus the evidence suggests that the stance of the figure
      drawing reflects the subject's attitude toward the outside world. When the
      category profiles of groups are compared, the following differences are found at
      levels of statistical significance: the total experimental group is different
      from the total control group; the somatic subset, "Body Takes the Rap" is
      different from the psychological subset, "Psyche Takes the Rap"; and the
      hypertension/coronary group, malignant tumor group, and emotional disturbance
      group are different from their specific control groups. It is concluded that
      human figure drawings by this population have predictive potential for certain
      future disease states, and that there are psychological precursors of somatic
      disease.

PMID- 1100781
TI  - Electroconvulsive therapy and memory.
AB  - Recent research on the effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on memory is
      critically reviewed. Despite some inconsistent findings, unilateral nondominant
      ECT appears to affect verbal memory less than bilateral ECT. Adequate research on
      multiple monitored ECT is lacking. With few exceptions, the research
      methodologies for assessing memory have been inadequate. Many studies have
      confounded learning with retention, and only very recently has long term memory
      been adequately studied. Standardized assessment procedures for short term and
      long term memory are needed, in addition to more sophisticated assessment of
      memory processes, the duration of memory loss, and qualitative aspects of
      memories.

PMID- 1100782
TI  - Lithium in treatment failures.
AB  - Thirty-five patients with chronic and incapacitating mental illness who had not
      responded to the usual pharmacological and interactional therapies were treated
      with lithium. None of these patients appeared to be suffering from manic
      depressive illness. If a trial of lithium resulted in unexpected improvement,
      lithium's contribution was assessed by double blind substitution of a placebo
      followed by lithium in an A-B-A-B design in which the patient served as his own
      control. Five patients (14 per cent) improved dramatically; in retrospect, four
      of these five patients suffered from nonremitting forms of manic-depressive
      illness, and the fifth patient suffered from a severe obsessive compulsive
      neurosis. Six other chronically hospitalized patients improved to the point of
      unexpected discharge. A trial of lithium therapy is recommended for the
      "backward" or intractable patient.

PMID- 1100783
TI  - Curriculum vitae of J. Ariens Kappers.

PMID- 1100784
TI  - Immunofluorescence of vasopressin and oxytocin in the rat hypothalamo
      neurohypophypopseal system.
AB  - The present paper deals with the development of an immunofluorescence procedure
      that allows specific localization of vasopressin and oxytocin in the hypothalamo
      neurohypophyseal system(hnx) of the rat. Antibodies against arginine vasopressin
      (AVP), lysine-vasopressin (LVP) and oxytocin were raised by injecting these
      hormones that were covalently bound to thyroglobulin into rabbits. The
      vasopressin-immunized rabbits showed periods of diabetes insipidus, while
      histoloty of the "hns revealed an intact neurosecretory system with signs of
      increased endogenous hormone synthesis in the supraoptic nucleus and increased
      release in the neuro-hypophysis of some rabbits. The daily water intake of the
      oxytocin-immunized rabbits was similar to that of control rabbits. The
      development of antibodies against vasopressin as measured in the
      immunofluorescence procedure showed a course that was quite different from the
      curve of the titer as determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Also the specificity
      of the antibodies used in the immunofluorescence procedure was found to be quite
      different from their specificity in a RIA system. Potency and specificity of the
      antibodies have to be studied therefore within the immunofluorescence procedure
      itself. Using freshly frozen acetone-postfixed hypotalami or pituitaries, no
      sharp localization of immunofluorescence could be obtained in the HNS. Therefore
      prefixation was performed. Both, the type and the duration of prefixation
      revealed quite different results regarding the immunofluorescence in the
      neurosecretory cell boides in the hypotalamus and of their endings in the
      neurohypophysis. The best immunofluorescence results were obtained using 6 hours
      glyoxal-prefixation for the hypothalamus and 24 hours formalin-prefixation for
      the pituitary. The cross-reaction of the antibodies for oxytocin or vasopressin
      was tested on synthetic hormones that were bound to CNBR-activated agarose beads
      and mounted on glass sides. All anti-plasmas showed cross-reaction on beads
      containing the heterologou- antigen. The plasmas were purified by incubation with
      beads containing the heterologous hormone until the cross-reacting component had
      been removed. Using purified antibodies, the distribution of oxytocin and
      vasopressin cells within the HNS was investigated. More oxytocin containing cells
      were localized in the rostral part and more vasopressin in the caudal part of
      both, the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Comparable
      percentages of oxytocin and vasopressin containing cells were found in the SON
      and PVN. The absolute amount of oxytocin containing cells was 2.5 times more in
      the SON than in the PVN, which seems to contradict the "classical" view that the
      PVN predominantly or entirely synthetizes oxytocin. In addition, fluorescence was
      found using antobodies against vasopressin in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in
      Wistar rats and heterozygous Brattleboro rats, but not in this nucleus of
      homozygous Brattleboros.

PMID- 1100785
TI  - Subtraction scanning of liver metastases with 67Ga and 99mTc.

PMID- 1100786
TI  - Radioiodination of protein hormones using a constant potential thin-layer
      electrochemical cell.

PMID- 1100787
TI  - Functional imaging of intrarenal blood flow using scintillation camera and
      computer.
AB  - In order to obtain spatial distribution of an index for regional blood flow at
      each element on a scintigraphic image of the kidney, we attempted the
      construction of the so-called functional image. After injecting a single bolus of
      133Xe into a renal artery by means of a catheter, this objective was accomplished
      using digital computer processing for a sequence of scintillation camera
      recordings of the following washout process from the kidney. This is expressed in
      a form of matrix of disappearance rate constant. Calculation for the rate
      constant, the flow index of the functional image, was done using either the least
      squares (LS) method or height-over-area (H/A) method. Although the former method
      was considered to be theoretically suitable without undue participation of
      background activities, the latter was preferred because of stable results for
      image construction. On reviewing the functional image thus obtained from 22
      patients representing a variety of renal diseases, the H/A gave specific
      information concerning regional distribution of the perfusion integrity mainly
      related to the cortical part of the kidney. This is often difficult to accomplish
      utilizing the conventional method of compartmental analysis of the xenon washout
      curve or selective renal angiography.

PMID- 1100788
TI  - Head and brain scan findings in rhinocerebral mucormycosis: case report.
AB  - Brain and bone scan findings in two patients suffering from rhinocerebral
      mucormycosis following kidney transplantation are presented. Two patients who had
      had kidney transplants and were sustained for over a month on immunosuppressive
      drugs developed a rare type of opportunistic infection--mucormycosis. They were
      examined in various stages of their disease. Special attention was paid to the
      scintillagraphic findings.

PMID- 1100790
TI  - Encasement of the spleen: case report.
AB  - In a patient with extensive reticulum cell sarcoma involving the abdomen and
      thorax, encasement of the spleen was demonstrated by scintillation imaging. The
      features of this observation, not previously reported, and its diagnostic
      significance are discussed.

PMID- 1100789
TI  - Lumbar myelography with meglumine iocarmate and metrizamide.
AB  - Metrizamide and meglumine iocarmate (Dimer-X), which at present are the contrast
      media for myelography best tolerated by central nervous system, were compared in
      a double-blind test comprising a total of 86 patients, all with symptoms of
      lumbar or sacral root involvement. Symptoms appearing were recorded using a
      standard interview formula 24 hoaurs after myelography. EEG, routine laboratory
      analyses of CSF and neurologic examinations were also made. In some cases CSF
      paper electrophoresis, CSF pressure recordings and determination of CSF iodine
      content were obtained.

PMID- 1100791
TI  - Communication in occupational medicine: the scientific journal.

PMID- 1100792
TI  - Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: review of the literature and report of two
      cases of bilateral involvement.
AB  - The factors predisposing to ankylosis and the probable pathogenesis are
      discussed, as treatment, both past and present. Arthroplasty with Silastic
      interposition is presented as an acceptable means of managing ankylosis, as shown
      in two case reports. The ultimate postoperative result is dependent on surgical
      timing, surgical technique, and attention to postsurgical physiotherapy.

PMID- 1100793
TI  - Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections and exanthems.
AB  - A review of the medical literature and two case reports of M. pneumoniae
      infections with exanthems are presented. Erythematous maculopapular and vesicular
      exanthems were most common. The duration of rash was more than seven days in the
      majority of instances, and most patients had associated pneumonia. A striking
      difference in prevalence and clinical symptomatology by sex was noted; 16 of 20
      patients analyzed were males, and they frequently dad severe mucocutaneous
      syndromes. In contrast, severe conjunctivitis, generalized ulcerative stomatitis,
      and vesicular or bullous exanthems were not seen in females. Clinicians should
      suspect infection with M. pneumoniae in patients with exanthem and pneumonia,
      although other etiologic possibilities should also be considered.

PMID- 1100794
TI  - Nonimmune rosette formation: a measure of the newborn infant's cellular immune
      response.
AB  - Nonimmune rosette formation, an in vitro measure of cellular immunity, was
      evaluated in normal newborn infants. Active rosette formation in 14 specimens of
      cord blood was 18.9 +/- 4.8% compared to 28.1 +/- 5.2% in 15 adult control
      samples (p less than 0.05). Total rosette formation in 13 cord blood samples was
      33.3 +/- 7.6% compared to 55.1 +/- 6.5% in 15 adult control specimens (p less
      than 0.05). Tritiated thymidine uptake from phytohemagglutinin stimulation was
      comparable in cord blood and adult control lymphocytes. The importance of these
      findings is discussed in light of other recent reports suggesting that cord blood
      thymic derived T lymphocytes may have reduced immune capability when compared to
      adult lymphocytes.

PMID- 1100795
TI  - Group A beta hemolytic streptococcal sepsis in mother and infant twins.

PMID- 1100796
TI  - Neonatal group A streptococcal disease.

PMID- 1100797
TI  - Letter: Arthritis due to Eikenella corrodens.

PMID- 1100798
TI  - Letter: Epiglottitis, meningitis, and arthritis due to Hemophilus influenzae type
      b presenting almost simultaneously in siblings.

PMID- 1100799
TI  - Letter: Does intramuscular penicillin at delivery prevent group B beta hemolytic
      streptococcal disease of the newborn infant?

PMID- 1100800
TI  - Editorial: The immune system and malignancy: another perspective.

PMID- 1100801
TI  - Mass isolation of Anopheles stephensi salivary glands infected with malarial
      sporozoites.

PMID- 1100802
TI  - The effect of an insoluble foreign body in the pathogenesis of early periodontal
      disease in the Syrian hamster.
AB  - The effect of adding 15% talc to either a standard periodontal disease-producing
      diet (Diet 2000) or a laboratory chow (Purina) was studied in the Syrian golden
      hamster. The additive was found to reduce the amount of periodontal disease with
      Diet 2000 and also change the characteristics of the plaque. The addition of talc
      to laboratory chow increased the severity of normally occurring periodontal
      disease, although not to the level of Diet 2000.

PMID- 1100803
TI  - In memoriam: Carl O. Boucher, D.D.S. (Oct. 14, 1904--March 11, 1975).

PMID- 1100804
TI  - Carl O. Boucher, 1904--1975.

PMID- 1100805
TI  - Birth of the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.

PMID- 1100806
TI  - Complete denture prosthodontics--the state of the art.

PMID- 1100807
TI  - The importance of the Hanau formula in construction of complete dentures.
AB  - The casts of five patients whose kinematic mandibular axes had been previously
      located and tatooed on the face were mounted on six articulators (two of Denar D4
      A, two of Whip-Mix, and two of Hanau model 130-28). The horizontal and lateral
      condylar guidances of all articulators were adjusted by using 15 interocclusal
      records (five protrusive and 10 right and left lateral) made in cold-curing
      acrylic resin. The adjustments for each articulator were repeated 20 times within
      five days. The lateral condylar guidances as adjusted by the interocclusal
      records were compared with those established by Hanau's formula. A significant
      difference in the means of the condylar readings occurred when the Hanau
      articulator was adjusted with a lateral interocclusal record and the Hanau
      formula. The range of means of lateral condylar guidances of Hanau articulators
      using the Hanau formula was small. This small possibility of variation in the
      lateral condylar guidance would suggest the use of lateral interocclusal records
      when precise restorative procedures are necessary. The Hanau formula is the only
      formula available at this time to determine the average lateral condylar guidance
      as related to the horizontal condylar guidance.

PMID- 1100808
TI  - Preparation of retentive areas for clasps in enamel.

PMID- 1100809
TI  - Guiding planes in clasp reciprocation and retention.
AB  - Answers to two questions were sought: Is there a proper length for a guide plane
      and does the relationship of the guide plane to the undercut enhance retention?
      The cylindrical sleeve makes it possible to measure suprabulge contours in
      relationship to undercuts, thus establishing the "action distance" of the
      retentive arm. The reciprocating distance traveled by the reciprocal part of the
      clasp must be equal to the action distance: action distance = reciprocation
      distance = length of guide plane. Three sets of ivorine teeth were used with cast
      clasps with a connector and with a single clasp to test this concept of intrinsic
      retention--"intrinsic retention" being a guide plane opposed by an undercut at
      180 degrees.

PMID- 1100810
TI  - Physical and mechanical properties of nystatin-containing denture liners.
AB  - The mechanical and physical effects of the presence of nystatin in three denture
      liners were investigated. In general, the modified materials were softer, showed
      greater strain, and demonstrated permanent set under compression for the duration
      of the tests. However, the degree of change in properties appeared unlikely to
      lead to reduced clinical performance. The most significant change was a great
      increase in the equilibrium capacity for water in the case of the modified
      liners. This may enhance the pharmacologic effectiveness of these liners by
      encouraging the release of nystatin at the tissue surface. Bacteriologic and
      clinical studies continue to investigate the possibility that modified
      semipermanent liners (Coe-Supersoft) may reduce the recurrence of denture
      stomatitis.

PMID- 1100811
TI  - Marginal penetration of composite resin restorations as indicated by a tracer
      dye.
AB  - There was no evidence of marginal penetration of a tracer dye around Class V
      preparations lined with a BIS-GMA sealant, filled with Nuva-fil (a composite
      restorative material), and covered with the sealant. In the control group, 72 per
      cent of the Adaptic restorations showed varying degrees of marginal penetration.

PMID- 1100812
TI  - A direct technique for fabrication of posts and cores.
AB  - A barbed broach covered by cotton fibers is used as a matrix to carry blue inlay
      wax into the canal prepared for a post. This simple, direct technique of post
      fabrication lends itself to various clinical situations. The technique requires
      no special armamentarium.

PMID- 1100813
TI  - Matches, clips, needles, or pins.
AB  - Several methods for positioning dowel pins used in the fabrication of removable
      dies have been presented. Needles, pins, paper clips, hairpins, and matches are
      all useful in positioning dowel pins in the impression. The use of paper matches
      is a simple and effective method for holding the dowel pin in the proper relation
      while the die stone portion of the cast is being poured.

PMID- 1100814
TI  - Infantile cortical hyperostosis (a case report).

PMID- 1100815
TI  - Warm water immersion injuries of the feet--a review.

PMID- 1100816
TI  - Treatment of gonorrhoea and non-gonococcal urethritis with spiramycin.

PMID- 1100817
TI  - Fluoride concentrations of surface enamel before and after tropical application
      of stannous fluoride in naval recruits.

PMID- 1100818
TI  - [A new era in neuroradiology. Computerised axial transverse tomography-C.A.T.T.
      (Emi-Scanner) and its applications (author's transl)].
AB  - With an adequate follow-up, the authors report their experience with computerised
      axial transverse tomography (Emi-Scanner) after its use in 500 cases. A
      description of the method is followed by an account of the material used in this
      study. They mention the safety of C.A.T.T. and the profound change which this new
      technique has brought about in the chronology of neuroradiological
      investigations. The applications of C.A.T.T. are defined in relation to
      conventional neuroradiological investigations. In traumatic, degenerative,
      infective, neoplastic and vascular disorders, as well as epilepsy, C.A.T.T. makes
      possible visualisation of the lesion in the majority of cases. Having dealt with
      each of these indications, the authors illustrate the typical appearances seen at
      C.A.T.T. by significant examples. C.A.T.T. reduces the proportion of angiographic
      and encephalographic examinations. This tendency will become even more marked
      with the advent of technical development which improve the power of resolution of
      C.A.T.T.

PMID- 1100819
TI  - [Error introduced in the radiocardiographic measurement of right volume by the
      non linearity of the detector in high count rates (author's transl)].
AB  - The short life tracers permit the use of high activities and so allow to follow
      with a good statistic accuracy fast phenomenons such as the different phases of
      cardiac revolution. However, this advantage may be quickly limited by the dead
      time of the detection unit used. It results from this, in high activities, a non
      linear response which introduces non negligible errors which we have calculated
      and verifies thanks to experience in the measurement of right ventricular
      volumes.

PMID- 1100820
TI  - James Mackenzie Lecture 1974. Fifty years of progress.

PMID- 1100821
TI  - Community mental health care: primary team and specialist services.

PMID- 1100823
TI  - Metabolic management of the horse with an acute abdominal crisis.
AB  - The horse with an abdominal crisis caused by acute gastro-intestinal tract
      obstruction develops hypovolaemia, haemoconcentration, electrolyte depletion,
      metabolic acidosis and shock. During preparation for operation, treatment with
      fluids, antibiotics and bicarbonate will impede metabolic imbalance. Stomach
      decompression may slow the passage of sodium, water and potassium to the gut
      lumen, reduce pain and minimize the risk of stomach rupture. Selected laboratory
      determinations and the monitoring of arterial and venous pressures will provide a
      measure of security, and serve as a guide to replacement therapy. In the post
      surgical period, vigilance must be directed towards potassium and bicarbonate
      imbalance and adequate hydration.

PMID- 1100822
TI  - The management of high blood pressure in general practice.

PMID- 1100824
TI  - Digestive physiology of the horse.
AB  - Recent studies on the digestive physiology of the horse are reviewed. It was
      suggested that the small intestine is the primary site of digestion and
      absorption of protein, soluble carbohydrates, most minerals, fats, fat soluble
      and water soluble vitamins. The large intestine is the primary site of fibre
      digestion and net water absorption. Significant amounts of phosphorus are also
      absorbed from the large intestine. Many factors such as rate of passage,
      processing of feeds, level of intake, work and maturity of plant may influence
      digestive ability.

PMID- 1100825
TI  - Carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the equine small intestine.
AB  - Dietary carbohydrates, which constitute a most important source of equine
      nutrition, are digested and absorbed by a series of complex processes principally
      in the small intestine, beginning with intraluminal starch hydrolysis by the
      action of pancreatic amylase. The continuous secretion of a copious volume of
      pancreatic juice, low in enzyme activity, presumably releases sufficient
      oligosaccharides for further hydrolysis at the intestinal cell surface by brush
      border enzymes. Active carrier mediated mechanisms then transport the final
      hexose products across the intestinal cell for uptake in the hepatic portal
      system. Brush border disaccharidase activities in the equine small intestine are
      of the same order of magnitude, and have a similar distribution pattern, to those
      reported in omnivorous and carnivorous species. The disaccharidase development
      patterns are characteristic and reflect the ability of the horse to digest the
      major nutrient sources adequately at various stages of life. The efficiency of
      the mucosal disaccharidases and the monosaccharide transport systems in the
      equine small intestine have been established by a series of oral disaccharide and
      monosaccharide tolerance tests. Horses older than three years of age are unable
      to hydrolyse lactose, but young and adult horses are fully capable of rapidly
      hydrolysing sucrose and maltose loads. Several tests have clinical application
      for assessing small intestinal dysfunction in the investigation of diarrhoea and
      malabsorption. The deficient digestion or absorption of carbohydrate, whether
      primary or secondary, can almost always be localized to a defect in the enzymic
      or transport capacity of the small intestinal surface cell. The continued
      ingestion of lactose could be detrimental in severely diarrhoeic foals.

PMID- 1100826
TI  - Intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus by horses.
AB  - Recent knowledge regarding the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the
      intestine of the horse has been reviewed. Consideration has been given to sites,
      mechanisms and factors affecting absorption as well as to the availability of
      calcium and phosphorus from feedstuffs commonly used in Eastern North America.
      Although the anatomy of the digestive tract might appear to impose restrictions
      on the ability of the horse to assimilate minerals, studies of absorption show
      that the horse utilizes the calcium and phosphorus of many feeds very
      efficiently.

PMID- 1100827
TI  - Histological development of the thymic and intestinal lymphoid tissue of the
      horse.
AB  - The basic components of the immune system, and the defence mechanisms in the
      gastrointestinal tract, are briefly reviewed. Histological studies in 84 equine
      foetuses showed that lymphoid cells begin populating the thymic primordium at 11
      12 weeks, the mesenteric lymph nodes at 13 weeks, the spleen at 25 weeks and the
      intestinal lamina propria at 13-14 weeks' gestation. Lymphocytes were seen in the
      intestinal epithelium very early in gestation. Histological signs of response to
      antigenic stimulation were seen in five foetuses, indicating that the horse is
      likely to be capable of mounting an immune response in utero. The changing status
      of the foal as it becomes fully immunocompetent is discussed.

PMID- 1100828
TI  - Antimalarials. 7.2,8-Bis(trifluoromethyl)-4-quinolinemethanols.
AB  - Based on the high antilalarial activity of alpha-(2-piperidyl)-2,8
      bis(trifluoromethyl)-4-quinolinemethanol, ten additional 2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)
      4-quinolinemethanols were prepared in which the amino alcohol side chain was
      structurally varied. Synthesis of the compounds is described and antimalarial
      activity data against Plasmodium berghei are presented and discussed in terms of
      the structure variations.

PMID- 1100829
TI  - Growth inhibitory properties of aromatic alpha-ketoaldehydes toward bacteria and
      yeast. Comparison of inhibition and glyoxalase I activity.
AB  - The alpha-ketoaldehydes methylglyoxal and substituted phenylglyoxals are similar
      in their abilities to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and yeast. When
      logarithmically growing cells are added to media containing 0.3-1 mM alpha
      ketoaldehyde, growth stops for several hours, after which normal growth resumes.
      The period of growth inhibition does not appear to show any correlation with the
      ability of glyoxalase I to detoxify these alpha-ketoaldehydes. E. coli and yeast
      glyoxalase I show markedly different substrate specificities. For example,
      although both enzymes show broad specificity for both aliphatic and aromatic
      alpha-ketoaldehydes, 2,4,6-trimethylphenylglyoxal is a substrate for the E. coli
      enzyme but not for the yeast enzyme. Nevertheless, this alpha-ketoaldehyde
      inhibits the growth of both E. coli and yeast, similar to the other alpha
      ketoaldehydes. Enzymes other than glyoxalase I must play a major role in the
      metabolism of these alpha-ketoaldehydes during the period of growth inhibition.

PMID- 1100830
TI  - The composition and function of ethical committees.

PMID- 1100831
TI  - Should the patient be allowed to die?

PMID- 1100832
TI  - Focus: current issues in medical ethics.

PMID- 1100833
TI  - Transplantation.

PMID- 1100834
TI  - Tissue for transplantation.

PMID- 1100835
TI  - Transplantation: the relatives' view.

PMID- 1100836
TI  - Congenital vertebral anomalies: aetiology and relationship to spina bifida
      cystica.
AB  - A family survey of 337 patients with congenital vertebral anomalies has been
      carried out from the Scoliosis Clinics of Edinburgh and the Royal National
      Orthopaedic Hospital, London. From genetic and epidemiological evidence it is
      clear that multiple vertebral anomalies (without apparent spina bifida) are
      aetiologically related to anencephaly and spina bifida cystics, carrying a 5-10%
      risk to subsequent sibs for any one of these defects. The implications for
      prenatal diagnosis are discussed. Solitary hemivertebrae and localized anterior
      defects of the vertebral bodies causing kyphoscoliosis are sporadic (non
      familial) in nature, carrying no risk to subsequent sibs.

PMID- 1100837
TI  - Adhesion of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli to pig intestinal brush borders:
      the existence of two pig phenotypes.
AB  - An in-vitro test that demonstrates adhesion of K88-positive Escherichia coli to
      brush borders prepared from the small intestine of the pig is described. K88
      positive E. coli adhered to the brush borders from some pigs ("positive" pigs)
      but not others ("negative" pigs). The sires of the pigs tested could be placed
      into two groups, namely, those that sired only "positive" piglets, and those that
      sired a mixture of "positive" and "negative" piglets. The incidence of the two
      phenotypes in litters indicated that "positive" and "negative" piglets arose as a
      result of simple Mendelian inheritance. It is suggested that "negative" pigs
      could be bred and that they might have a natural resistance to neonatal infection
      with K88-positive E. coli.

PMID- 1100838
TI  - A method for determining the utilisation of glucose by mycoplasmas.
AB  - A technique for measuring glucose utilisation by mycoplasmas, in which the
      disappearance of glucose is monitored by the glucose-oxidase method, is proposed
      as an alternative to the pH method. For maximum reliability the number of
      organisms in the test suspension must exceed a critical minimum value.
      Differences in efficiency of glucose utilisation were demonstrated between
      species of Mycoplasma and Acholeplasma.

PMID- 1100839
TI  - Analysis of dnaB function of Escherichia coli K12 and the dnaB-like function of
      P1 prophage.

PMID- 1100840
TI  - A dnaB analog specified by bacteriophage P1.

PMID- 1100841
TI  - A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA
      polymerase.

PMID- 1100842
TI  - Light-scattering studies showing the effect of initiation factors on the
      reversible dissociation of Escherichia coli ribosomes.

PMID- 1100843
TI  - Transcription in vitro of DNA in isolated bacterial nucleoids.

PMID- 1100844
TI  - Biosynthesis of RNA polymerase in Escherichia coli. III. Identification of
      intermediates in the assembly of RNA polymerase.

PMID- 1100845
TI  - Integration of amino acid biosynthesis into the cell cycle of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.

PMID- 1100846
TI  - Analysis of the regulation of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase synthesis
      using deletions and phi80 transducing phages.

PMID- 1100847
TI  - Analysis of bacteriophage T4 chloramphenicol RNA by DNA-RNA hybridization and by
      cell-free protein synthesis, and the effect of Escherichia coli polarity
      suppressing alleles on its synthesis.

PMID- 1100848
TI  - Self-assembly of a plant cell wall in vitro.

PMID- 1100849
TI  - A procedure for detection of heterologous DNA sequences in lambdoid phage by in
      situ hybridization.

PMID- 1100850
TI  - Genetic studies with heteroduplex DNA of bacteriophage fl. Asymmetric
      segregation, base correction and implications for the mechanism of genetic
      recombination.

PMID- 1100851
TI  - Interaction of C-protein with myosin, myosin rod and light meromyosin.

PMID- 1100852
TI  - Regulation of the expression of ribosomal protein genes in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1100853
TI  - Indirect mutagenesis in phage lambda by ultraviolet preirradiation of host
      bacteria.

PMID- 1100854
TI  - The rep mutation. IV. Slower movement of replication forks in Escherichia coli
      rep strains.

PMID- 1100855
TI  - Determination of the molecular weights of RNAs by low-speed sedimentation
      equilibrium: 16 S ribosomal RNA as a model compound.

PMID- 1100856
TI  - Evidence for an S-adenosylmethionine requirement in the chemotactic behavior of
      Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 1100857
TI  - Isolation, characterization and complementation of Salmonella typhimurium
      chemotaxis mutants.

PMID- 1100858
TI  - Dection of enteric carriers by upper small intestinal aspirate studies.

PMID- 1100859
TI  - Granulomatous peritonitis due to Ascaris lumbricoides and its ova.

PMID- 1100860
TI  - Clinical trials with mebendazole a new broad spectrum anthelmintic.
AB  - This paper presents our experience with mebendazole, a new broad-spectrum
      anthelmintic, in 91 cases with ascariasis, 71 cases with necatoriasis 54 cases
      with trichuriasis and 10 cases with T. saginata infection. Various dosage
      schedules were evaluated. In ascariasis, a single dose of 200 mg was effective in
      totally clearing the infection in 100 per cent cases. In necatoriasis 200 mg
      twice daily for four days was found to be the most effective dose. With this dose
      total eradication of the infection was seen in 92 per cent cases. In
      trichuriasis, 200 mg twice daily for four days totally eradicated the infection
      in 90 per cent cases. In T. saginata infection, the drug was totally ineffective.
      The anthelminitic activity of the drug was demonstrated by the recovery of
      roundworms, hookworms and whipworms from the stools. The drug was well tolerated.
      No side effects or toxic effects were seen in any of the cases.

PMID- 1100861
TI  - Omental cyst associated with mesenteric tuberculosis.
AB  - A case of omental cyst associated with tuberculosis in a 12 year old Nigerian
      girl is presented. It is suggested that the omental cyst is lymphogenous in
      origin and that spread of tuberculosis led to a rapid increase in its size. A
      brief review of the features of omental cysts is also included.

PMID- 1100862
TI  - Fate of MS2 proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli exposed to amino acid
      analogues.
AB  - Incorporation of an analoque into MS2 coded proteins prevents the maturation of
      phages. In addition, there is an alteration in the relative amount of coat
      protein to replicase protein synthesized, which supports the hypothesis that
      normal coat protein serves a physiological role as a translation repressor.
      Further, abnormal proteins, synthesized from the phage genome, are degraded,
      presumably by a host catabolic system, more rapidly than the normal gene
      products.

PMID- 1100863
TI  - Degradation of the viral strand of phiX174 parental replicative-form DNA in a rep
      host.
AB  - A progressive degradation of the parental viral strand label is observed upon
      infection of a Rep- mutant of Escherichia coli by 32P-labeled phiX174. Very
      little parental label remains in the RF (replicative form) by 47 min after
      infection. Concomitant with this degradation, replicative intermediates are
      formed which sediment at 21s, the rate of RF I (supercoiled-closed circular DNA),
      in a neutral sucrose gradient but which denature and sediment in alkaline
      gradients as single strands of unit size and larger. These denaturable 21s
      replicative intermediates have been shown previously to be RF molecules
      containing an elongated viral strand. Addition of chloramphenicol at 7 min after
      infection at 30 mug/ml, a concentration sufficient to block RF leads to SS
      (single strand) synthesis but not RF leads to RF synthesis in a wild-type host
      cell, reduced the amount of viral strand elongation but did not prevent viral
      strand degradation. The addition of chloramphenicol at 150 mug/ml at 7 min after
      infection totally prevents both the degradation of the parental label and the
      formation of the replicative intermediates with elongated tails. We infer that
      degradation of the viral strand requires the gene A-mediated nicking of the viral
      strand but not the concomitant elongation of the viral strand.

PMID- 1100864
TI  - Characterization of transduction by bacteriophage T1: time of production and
      density of transducing particles.
AB  - The transducing activity of two different kinds of premature lysates of T1
      infected cells have been compared to normal lysates. The results show that T1
      transducing particles are made early in the maturation period. The average
      density of T1-transducing particles is slightly greater than the density of
      plaque-forming T1.

PMID- 1100865
TI  - Phospholipase activity in bacteriophage-infected Escherichia coli. III.
      Phopholipase A involvement in lysis of T4-infected cells.
AB  - Bacteriophage studies with Escherichia coli K-12 (gamma)DR-DS-, a mutant lacking
      the major known fatty acyl hydrolases (phospholipases), and its wild-type parent
      showed equivalent phage infection with regard to phage production and time of
      phage release. Further examination of the DR-DS- mutant, however, revealed that
      the progeny bacteriophage were released without complete dissolution of the host
      cell. Prolonged cell integrity of the infected mutant was noted by
      spectrophotometry and supported by direct microscope examination. The phage
      release occurred at normal "lysis" time with phage yields comparable to that of
      the wild-type bacteria. Inner membrane degradation was indicated by the release
      of beta-galactosidase, a cytoplasmic enzyme, and of trichloracetic acid
      precipitable RNA. Thus, outer membrane degradation is required for dissolution of
      phage-infected cells, and this degradation is at least partly dependent on
      activation of host phospholipases.

PMID- 1100866
TI  - Yusuf ibn al-Kindi.

PMID- 1100867
TI  - Noah Webster and the medical profession.

PMID- 1100869
TI  - Letter: IPPB.

PMID- 1100868
TI  - Travelers' diarrhea.

PMID- 1100870
TI  - Georgius Agricola (1494-1555).

PMID- 1100871
TI  - Spontaneous reversion of FTA-ABS test reactions.
AB  - In a series of 56 clinically healthy persons with no history of syphilis and
      negative VDRL tests but reactive fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA
      ABS) tests, 20 spontaneously developed nonreactive FTA-ABS tests in a period of
      eight months or less. All but one of these had been of 2+ or less fluorescence.
      In such a situation, the serologic tests for syphilis (VDRL and FTA-ABS tests)
      should be repeated at intervals for up to a year before coming to a decision
      regarding the diagnosis of syphilis. Laboratories could facilitate that decision
      by reporting degrees of fluorescence of the FTA-ABS test.

PMID- 1100872
TI  - Non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

PMID- 1100873
TI  - [A case of E. coli septicemia successfully treated with amikacin (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1100874
TI  - [Clinical experience with amoxicillin in pediatric infections due to hemolytic
      streptococci (author's transl)].

PMID- 1100875
TI  - [Clinical evaluation of diffusion of sodium cephalothin into blood stream
      following administration into pelvic dead space (author's transl)].

PMID- 1100876
TI  - [Literature on antibiotics in Japan. CXXXVII].

PMID- 1100877
TI  - Foreign literature on antibiotics. CXI.

PMID- 1100878
TI  - [In memorium: Dr. Masataka Murata].

PMID- 1100879
TI  - [Preservation of bacterial strains by freezing and drying].

PMID- 1100880
TI  - [Methods of preservation of bacteria].

PMID- 1100881
TI  - [Methods of preservation of Actinomyces].

PMID- 1100882
TI  - [Clinical aspect and treatment of hyponatremia].

PMID- 1100883
TI  - [Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) - excluding
      vasopressin producing tumor].

PMID- 1100884
TI  - [Determination of antinuclear antibody using LE fluorescent slide kit (KW)
      (authors transl)].

PMID- 1100885
TI  - [Diagnosis of parathyroid diseases in nuclear medicine].

PMID- 1100886
TI  - [Renal scintigraphy--9. Kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1100887
TI  - [On the immumopathologic and serologic findings in a case of bullous dermatosis
      with hydatidiform mole. Herpes gestationis? (AUTHOR'S TRANSL)].

PMID- 1100888
TI  - Observations on nonconverting phage, c-n71, obtained from a nontoxigenic strain
      of Clostridium botulinum type C.
AB  - A nontoxigenic mutant (C-N71) obtained from a toxigenic strain of Clostridium
      botulinum type C, Stockholm, with nitrosoguanidine treatment was found to be
      lysogenic by the lysis test. Although the filtrate of a passaged lysate of this
      nontoxigenic but lysogenic strain, C-N71, lysed cells of the nontoxigenic strain
      C-AO2 equally as well as the converting phage c-st obtained from the strain C
      Stockholm, it did not convert C-AO2 to the toxigenic state. The lysis spectrum of
      this filtrate was the same as that of the c-st phage. The ability of the filtrate
      to lyse the indicator cells, C-AO2, was destroyed neither by trypsin nor DNase
      but was inactivated by heat treatment at 80 C for 10 min. This suggested that the
      agent which caused lysis was not boticin but probably a phage. An electron
      micrograph of the complete phage, c-n71, which was similar in morphology to that
      of the c-st phage was obtained from the filtrate of strain C-N71. Anti-c-n71
      phage rabbit serum neutralized both the lytic and the converting activities of
      the c-st phage. These findings strongly suggest that the c-n71 phage is a mutant
      of the c-st phage which lacks the gene controlling production of botulinum type C
      toxin.

PMID- 1100889
TI  - An amber suppressor of Escherichia coli strain KO1.
AB  - The suppression characteristics of Escherichia coli strain KO1 have been
      investigated. The growth patterns of nonsense mutants of RNA (GA and f2) and DNA
      (lambda and T4) phages suggested that KO1 carried an amber, but not ochre or opal
      suppressors. The comparison of KO1 with previously identified amber suppressors
      indicated that KO1 differed from su1, su3 and su6 in its suppression pattern. KO1
      and su2 shared some properties in common, for instance, their ability to suppress
      GA amber mutants with one exception (amN20) and the restriction of suppression
      capacity by the strr mutation. However, the suppression efficiency of KO1 (48%)
      was about three times that of su2 (18%). A possibility that KO1 contained a new
      amber suppressor is discussed.

PMID- 1100890
TI  - Amoxycillin and ampicillin. A comparative study of in vitro sensitivity and
      induced morphological alterations in Serratia marcescens.
AB  - In vitro antibacterial activities of ampicillin and amoxycillin were compared
      against pigmented and non-pigmented strains of Serratia marcescens. Ampicillin
      appeared more effective than amoxycillin; three-fourths of all strains
      consistently exhibited an ampicillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of at
      least one tube less than that recorded for amoxycillin. Complete cross resistance
      was not observed as has previously been inferred. Further, greater bactericidal
      activity was demonstrated with ampicillin; minimum bactericidal concentrations
      (MBC) were either the same as or one tube greater than the MIC. MBC's for
      amoxycillin, however, were significantly higher; often four to five times greater
      than the MIC. Ampicillin exhibited greater bactericidal activity as inferred from
      differences observed in the biological lesions induced, as recorded through
      observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Spheroplasts were the
      predominant morphological alteration induced by ampicillin. In contrast, only
      filament formation, which demonstrated a degree of reversibility, was induced by
      amoxycillin.

PMID- 1100891
TI  - Effect of activation of the reticuloendothelial system on formation of virus
      inhibiting factor or interferon.

PMID- 1100892
TI  - Studies on serological identification of the Mycobacterium avium-M.
      intracellulare complex, with special reference to the fluorescent antibody test.

PMID- 1100893
TI  - [Construction of a positive-pressure respiration system for newborn infants].

PMID- 1100894
TI  - [Current status of infectious hepatitis in childhood].

PMID- 1100895
TI  - [Prof.Dr.sc.med. Lothar Weingartner's 65th anniversary].

PMID- 1100896
TI  - [Therapy of obesity in childhood].

PMID- 1100897
TI  - [Malaria in children, with special reference to cerebral malaria (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Those who live in areas where Malaria is endemic, acquire immunity by continuous
      contact. This immunity cannot be acquired during a short holiday. Children in
      endemic areas acquire a more severe form of malaria during the period of
      developing immunity and more often suffer complications like acute hemolytic
      anemia and, in the case of plasmodium falciparum infection, cerebral malaria.
      This is a report of 39 cases of cerebral malaria which corresponds to an acute
      encephslopathy with high temperatures, generalized tonic-clonic spasms and
      unconsciousness. All children were between 6 months and 5 years old. Cerebral
      malaria at higher ages is rarely seen in Malawi. But its frequency depends on the
      intensity of endemic infection and the geographic distribution of the types of
      malaria. 11 (29%) of the 39 children died. Treatment was with chloroquine against
      which there was no resistance in East Africa for falciparum infections and with
      plasmaexpanders. In 1 case permanent neurologic changes a spastic cerebral
      paresis, were seen. Unconsciousness lasting more than 36 hours appears to be a
      bad prognostic sign. The CSF is clear and normal except for an occasional rise in
      protein never higher than 90 mg%.

PMID- 1100898
TI  - [Supportive care in bone marrow failure. Technical, immunological and clinical
      advances].
AB  - Supportive care with blood component transfusions has greatly improved prognosis
      in patients with bone marrow failure. This progress has made possible by newly
      developed techniques for separation of blood cells and by a better understanding
      of the antigenicity of human blood cells and of immunologic reactions following
      their transfusion. Transfusion of white cell and platelet-poor red cell
      preparations prevent alloimmunization to leukocyte and platelet-bound
      alloantigens, or non-hemolytic transfusion reactions in already alloimmunized
      patients. Alloimmunization can be circumvened and effective long-term platelet
      support to thrombocytopenic patients can be provided by matching donor and
      recipient for HL-A antigens. The place of granulocyte transfusion in clinical
      therapy has yet to be defined, although their usefulness in infected
      granulocytopenic patients is suggested by the few studies reported so far.

PMID- 1100899
TI  - Investigations on pituitary and Leydig cell function in chronic hemodialysis and
      after renal transplantation.
AB  - The hypothalamus-pituitary-Leydig cell axis was investigated in 20 male patients
      undergoing intermittent hemodialysis and in 21 male patients following renal
      transplantation compared to normal controls. Plasma testosterone as well as
      luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were determined by
      radioimmunoassay under basal conditions and after stimulation with
      choriongonadotropic hormone and hypothalamus releasing hormone respectively.
      Suppressed Leydig cell function has been demonstrated in dialysed patients as
      well as in patients after renal transplantation. The Leydig cell insufficiency is
      more pronounced in the hemodialysed patients. None of these showed testosterone
      levels in the normal range. They are different in various dialysis schedules. In
      contrast Leydig cell function is much better in patients after renal
      transplantation compared to those undergoing intermittent hemodialysis. But even
      after renal transplantation a diminished Leydig cell function takes place. The
      degree of Leydig cell insufficiency however varies individually. In a few cases
      Leydig cell function is restored completely after transplantation. It remains
      uncertain whether the duration of the posttransplantation period or the function
      of the graft effects Leydig cell function. Anterior lobe insufficiency has been
      excluded since plasma concentrations of gonadotropins were slightly elevated
      before and after LH-RH stimulation as compared to normals.

PMID- 1100900
TI  - Mechanisms by which tumors avoid destruction by the immune system BCG-catalyzed
      increase in IgG and IgA blocking activity of lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.
AB  - The immunoglobulin IgM fraction from the serum of one week sarcoma-bearing BALB/c
      mice increased, the IgG and IgA fractions from the same animal had no effect on
      the lymphocytemediated cytotoxic release of 51Cr from 51Cr-labelled sarcoma
      cells. These latter two immunoglobulin fractions from serum of 14 Days, or more,
      sarcoma-bearing mice inhibited the lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxic activity. The
      IgA, IgG or IgM fractions from mice inoculated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin
      (BCG) had no effect, but if these same animals were inoculated with viable
      sarcoma cells (10(2) to 10(6) cells per mouse) IgG and IgA fractions inhibited
      the lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxic activity. The magnitude of inhibition was
      greatest with sera or IgG from tumor-bearing BCG-treated animals.

PMID- 1100901
TI  - Fecal steroids in polyposis coli and ileorectostomy patients.

PMID- 1100902
TI  - Interaction between estrogen and biogenic amines in the control of LH secretion.

PMID- 1100903
TI  - Relationship between gonadotrophins, spermatogenesis and seminal plasma.

PMID- 1100904
TI  - LH and FSH releasing mechanism in the testicular feminization syndrome.

PMID- 1100905
TI  - Modulation of pituitary response to hypothalamic releasing factors.

PMID- 1100906
TI  - The effect of sex steroids on pituitary responsiveness to gonadotropin releasing
      hormone.

PMID- 1100907
TI  - Design of clinical trials for contraceptive steroids. Assessment of efficacy.

PMID- 1100908
TI  - Effects of oral contraceptive agents on carbohydrate metabolism.

PMID- 1100909
TI  - Alterations of lipid metabolism by contraceptive steroids.

PMID- 1100910
TI  - Tryptophan, depression and steroidal contraception.

PMID- 1100911
TI  - Biological significance of the metabolism of androgens in the central nervous
      system.

PMID- 1100912
TI  - The role of the spleen and immunity in the metastatic pattern of a murine
      reticulum cell sarcoma.
AB  - A reticulum cell sarcoma (RCS) which initially metastasizes selectively to the
      spleen in C3H/HeN mice has been studied. Previous reports indicated that removal
      of the spleen results in widespread metastases of this tumor. The current
      experiments utilized a parabiotic system to determine the effect of additional
      splenic tissue on the gross and microscopic metastatic pattern of this RCS. The
      results were that the addition of a second spleen in the parabiotic group was
      followed by a significant decrease in visceral metastases compared with the
      splenectomized group. Parabiotic animals with splenectomized partners and sham
      operated animals did not significantly differ from control (single) animals, with
      all three of these groups showing visceral metastatic spread intermediate between
      the parabiotic and splenectomized groups. The protective effect of additional
      spleen against visceral metastases was found not to be immunologic, since
      immunosuppression of mice by irradiation produced a metastatic pattern similar to
      that of control animals.

PMID- 1100913
TI  - Treatment of disseminated cancer by intravenous hydroxyurea and autogenous bone
      marrow transplants: experience with 35 patients.
AB  - Massive doses of hydroxyurea (Hydrea) were given to 35 patients suffering from
      different cancers. Protection to the hematopoietic system was obtained by
      autogenous marrow transfusions. The clinical response obtained was not considered
      superior to the results obtained by administering the drug orally over a
      prolonged period. The described technique is safe and relatively atraumatic, and
      it may be advisable to administer a large priming dose by this technique to be
      followed by smaller maintenance doses of a given anticancer chemotherapeutic
      agent.

PMID- 1100914
TI  - Offsetting toxicity of antineoplastic agents.
AB  - PCO, a yeast extract, offsets at least in part the mitotic inhibitory effect of
      methotrexate and fluorouracil on bone marrow cells in vitro but increases the
      antimitotic activity of the drugs on ascites Krebs-2 carcinoma under similar
      conditions. In vivo, PCO enhances the action of methotrexate against the L-1210
      lymphoid leukemia and does not interfere with the effectiveness of fluorouracil
      against the ascites Krebs-2 tumor.

PMID- 1100915
TI  - A clinical trial of CCNU (1-(2 chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) (NSC
      79037) in advanced ovarian carcinoma.
AB  - CCNU is a useful drug in treating advanced ovarian carcinoma. Of patients with
      advanced ovarian carcinoma 37% responded favorably to CCNU. Thrombocytopenia was
      the primary toxic reaction. Clinical trials are in progress to compare the
      relative effectiveness, the degree of cross-resistance, and the difference in
      toxicity between CCNU and alkylating agents.

PMID- 1100916
TI  - A predictive test for the selection of cancer chemotherapeutic agents for the
      treatment of human cancer.
AB  - The use of animals for the screening of chemotherapeutic agents effective against
      cancer is not always satisfactory. In addition to the problems of cost, space,
      and care, the results obtained by animal screening do not always parallel those
      obtained by the clinical use of the agents. With the advent of more refined in
      vitro technics which can be applied directly to the patient's own tumor tissue,
      additional information may permit a more critical evaluation of the laboratory
      findings. The critical index of sensitivity probably lies in the combined
      evaluation of biochemical analysis and observed morphological damage. From this
      investigation it would appear that tissue culture of human tumors may serve as a
      valuable adjunctive method for the screening of chemicals in order to find drugs
      valuable in the treatment of cancer in man and to serve as a method in the
      selection of the most effective therapeutic agent for a given tumor in a given
      patient.

PMID- 1100917
TI  - Colorectal cancer--prognostic signs in "local disease".
AB  - This detailed review of the clincal and pathologic signs which effect the
      prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. The following are reviewed: (1) the
      degree of cellular anaplasia, (2) local penetration of the bowel wall, (3) lymph
      node spread, (4) venous invasion, (5) perineural invasion, (6) obstruction and
      perforation, and (7) the number of cm the lesion is located from the anal verge.

PMID- 1100918
TI  - Acquired ventricular septal defects. Evolution of an operation, surgical
      technique, and results.
AB  - The pathology and treatment of 19 patients with acquired ventricular septal
      defects (VSD's) secondary to myocardial infarction are presented. A new method of
      repair is described: suturing the free right ventricular wall against the VSD to
      support the friable septum on the right side in continuity with the patch on the
      left side of the septum. This removes the force of the left ventricle contraction
      from the patch and septum to the healthy right ventricle wall. Distal cardiac
      amputation was also used in several instances. The hospital survival rate was 64
      per cent. The late functional and hemodynamic results were excellent.

PMID- 1100919
TI  - The incidence of pathogenic yeasts among open-heart surgery patients-the value of
      prophylaxis.
AB  - The normal levels of commensal yeasts in patients undergoing open-heart surgery
      are established and the effect of antifungal prophylaxis is assessed. Mouth swabs
      and feces were taken for culture from patients on admission to hospital and 1,2,
      and 3 weeks postoperatively. Eighty-seven patients who received normal treatment
      and 50 patients who were given oral and topical antifungal prophylaxis commencing
      12 days before hospitalization were studied. Yeast pathogens, mainly Candida
      albicans, were isolated from 42 (48.3 per cent) of the normal group on admission.
      There was a marked increase in the incidence and quantities of yeasts isolated
      from patients in the immediate postoperative period. The incidence and levels of
      yeasts in patients receiving antifungal prophylaxis was considerably reduced both
      on admission and postoperatively. The risk of Candida sepsis in open-heart
      surgery patients with high levels of commensal yeasts is discussed and the
      possibility of routine antifungal prophylaxis raised.

PMID- 1100921
TI  - The American Association for Thoracic Surgery, 1975-1976.

PMID- 1100920
TI  - Unusual complication after total correction of transposition of the great
      arteries. A case report.
AB  - A patient is described in whom the Mustard operation was carried out with the
      baffle sutured cephalad to the coronary sinus. This caused severe arterial
      desaturation which disappeared after the baffle was transposed caudad to the
      coronary sinus.

PMID- 1100922
TI  - Inaugural Address. Thoracic surgery comes to Alta California. Part I.

PMID- 1100923
TI  - Operative stabilization of nonpenetrating chest injuries.
AB  - Since 1958, a series of 112 patients with severe or moderately severe chest
      injuries have been treated. An aggressive policy has been adopted toward
      correcting or preventing major paradoxical chest wall movement by intramedullary
      pinning of ribs, costal cartilages, and the sternum. Whenever possible, positive
      pressure mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy have been avoided. Fifty
      patients underwent stabilizing operations. The surgical approach was
      anterolateral in 12 (average 3.3 pins), posterolateral in 35 (average 6.8 pins),
      and midsternal in 3. Tracheostomy was performed in 8 of these 50 patients. Three
      died, on the first, third, and twenty-fifth days after injury. The tracheostomy
      was used only for aspiration of secretions in 3 others and for postoperative
      intermittent positive-pressure ventilation in 2 others. The duration of
      intermittent positive-pressure ventilation was 14 days and 1 day, respectively,
      Orotracheal intubation with positive-pressure mechanical ventilation after
      operation was required for more than a few hours in 3 patients, 1 of whom died.
      The 2 survivors were ventilated for 1 and 5 days. There was a total of 11
      hospital deaths in these 50 cases. However, in 2 patients the severity of the
      initial injuries was thought to make death inevitable. Three of the patients who
      died were over 70 years of age. Operative stabilization permits avoidance or
      reduction in the duration of tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation. Permanent
      chest wall deformity is lessened or avoided.

PMID- 1100924
TI  - [Treatment of the perforated maxillary sinus and migration of the residual tooth
      root in the sinus. (1)].

PMID- 1100925
TI  - [Treatment of the perforated maxillary sinus and migration of the residual tooth
      root in the sinus].

PMID- 1100926
TI  - [Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH)].

PMID- 1100927
TI  - [Immunofluorescent serodiagnosis in amebiasis, hydatid cyst and bilharziasis.
      Successes, failures, incertitudes].

PMID- 1100928
TI  - [Newest achievements in neurosurgery. Recent data on hypophyseal surgery,
      vascular cerebral microneurosurgery, cryotherapy of brain tumors and on
      stereotaxics].

PMID- 1100930
TI  - Summary of obstetrical service in Baltimore from the late 1880s to 1926.

PMID- 1100929
TI  - An historical review of fractures involving the ankle joint.

PMID- 1100931
TI  - Letter: "An early Caduceus".

PMID- 1100932
TI  - Benito Mussolini: a medical case history.

PMID- 1100933
TI  - History of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty, 1899-1925. Part 3, 1916-1925. By
      John Ruhrah, M.D. 1872-1935.

PMID- 1100934
TI  - An early description of omphalocele.

PMID- 1100935
TI  - History under the carpet.

PMID- 1100936
TI  - An Anglo-Saxon obstetric calamity from Kingsworthy, Hampshire.

PMID- 1100937
TI  - Radiation technique of plastic embedding.

PMID- 1100938
TI  - Photomacrography of fluorescent and non-fluorescent histological sections.

PMID- 1100939
TI  - [Clinical trial of an antacid dressing in eso-gastro-duodenal pathology].

PMID- 1100940
TI  - [Value of gastric acidification in biliary headache].

PMID- 1100941
TI  - [Prevention of thromboembolic disease by Tanderil in digestive system surgery.
      Apropos of 33 cases].

PMID- 1100942
TI  - Liver function after renal transplantation.

PMID- 1100943
TI  - [Benzopyrene--carcinogenic risks].

PMID- 1100944
TI  - [Kidneys for transplantation--a question of co-operation].

PMID- 1100945
TI  - [Juvenile diabetes mellitus--theories on its pathogenesis].

PMID- 1100946
TI  - [Diagnosis of throat infections with betahemolytic streptococci group A].

PMID- 1100947
TI  - [5-fluorocytosine--a new drug for treatment of severe mycotic infections].

PMID- 1100948
TI  - Long-term follow-up of clofazimine (Lamprene) in the management of reactive
      phases of leprosy.

PMID- 1100949
TI  - The effect of long-term steroid therapy on patients treated with clofazimine
      (Lamprene).

PMID- 1100950
TI  - Open trial with clofazimine in the management of recurrent lepra reaction and of
      sulphone sensitive cases: a preliminary report.

PMID- 1100951
TI  - Rifampicin: the investigation of a bactericidal antileprosy drug.

PMID- 1100952
TI  - The use of rifampicin in the treatment of leprosy.

PMID- 1100953
TI  - A controlled clinical trial of continuous and intermittent rifampicin therapy
      during an initial three months period in lepromatous leprosy: final analysis.

PMID- 1100954
TI  - The effect of a single dose of rifampicin on the infectivity of the nasal
      discharge in leprosy (preliminary communication).

PMID- 1100955
TI  - Combined therapy in leprosy.

PMID- 1100956
TI  - Treatment of leprosy with rifampicin and isoprodian (L73A).

PMID- 1100957
TI  - Clinical and bacteriological effects of rifampicin in combination with L73A in
      leprosy: observation for six months.

PMID- 1100958
TI  - Rifampicin and isoprodian in combination in the treatment of leprosy.

PMID- 1100959
TI  - Preliminary experience with rifampicin and isoprodian (L73A)--combination in
      lepromatous leprosy.

PMID- 1100960
TI  - Preliminary experience with rifampicin and isoprodian in combination in leprosy
      treatment.

PMID- 1100961
TI  - Report of combined therapy in leprosy with rifampicin and isoprodian conducted at
      the Bisidimo-center, Ethiopia.

PMID- 1100962
TI  - Preliminary report of a drug trial conducted at Leprosy Relief Rural Centre,
      Chettipatty, South India.

PMID- 1100963
TI  - Assessment of treatment procedures by means of bacteriological and histological
      examinations.

PMID- 1100964
TI  - Problems in the design of medium and long-term therapeutic trials.

PMID- 1100965
TI  - Chemotherapeutic trials in patients with non-lepromatous leprosy.

PMID- 1100966
TI  - Viability of Myco. leprae in the skin and bone marrow of patients with
      lepromatous leprosy while on dapsone or lamprene.

PMID- 1100967
TI  - Effect of mono treatment and combined treatment on the morphology of Myco. lepare
      in the skin.

PMID- 1100968
TI  - Treatment of leprosy with clofazimine, rifampicin and Bayrena.

PMID- 1100969
TI  - A preliminary report on a therapeutic trial with acedapsone in lepromatous
      leprosy.

PMID- 1100970
TI  - Low dose dapsone therapy in lepromatous leprosy.

PMID- 1100971
TI  - A report on a controlled clinical trial with conventional and one third
      conventional dose of dapsone administered orally once a week in lepromatous
      patients.

PMID- 1100972
TI  - Personal experience with clofazimine in the treatment of leprosy.

PMID- 1100973
TI  - [Development of the Zagreb Medical school in the past and present].

PMID- 1100974
TI  - [In memory of Chief Physician Vilko Panac, (1895-1975)].

PMID- 1100975
TI  - Anesthesiology and malpractice lawsuits.

PMID- 1100976
TI  - [Treatment of cardiac and hepatic edemas using the potassium-sparing diuretic
      Moduretic].

PMID- 1100977
TI  - [Experiences with Vertigo-Vomex retard in the treatment of vertigo and tinnitus].

PMID- 1100978
TI  - [Short- and long-term comparison of adrenergic bronchospasmolytics].

PMID- 1100979
TI  - [Videodensitometry and nuclear medicine, diagnostic procedures for the assessment
      of heart diseases].

PMID- 1100980
TI  - [Two hundred years of digitalis in the physician's hand. 1775-1975. Current
      viewpoints of an old therapy].

PMID- 1100981
TI  - [Documentation and evaluation of electrocardiographic of findings in a division
      of pediatric cardiology].

PMID- 1100982
TI  - [Cefazolin--pharmacokinetics and clinical effectiveness in urinary tract
      infections].

PMID- 1100983
TI  - [Bumadizone-calcium-semihydrate (Eumotol) and oxyphenbutazone in the treatment of
      ankylosing spondylitis. A clinical double-blind study].

PMID- 1100984
TI  - [Clinical testing of Danaden retard in functional psychoses from the aspect of
      slight to medium severe transient syndrome].

PMID- 1100985
TI  - [Therapeutic effect of Aristochol concentrate granulate in chronic
      cholecystopathies].

PMID- 1100986
TI  - [Shunt diagnostics: dye or hydrogen technic?].

PMID- 1100987
TI  - [Cytostatic therapy of primary lympho- and reticulosarcoma of the stomach].

PMID- 1100988
TI  - [Treatment of Parkinson's syndrome using a new preparation from the series of
      tricyclic psychotropic drugs].

PMID- 1100989
TI  - [Differential diagnosis of heart valve defects. II. Conclusion].

PMID- 1100990
TI  - [Blood pressure following experimental kidney injury in rabbits].

PMID- 1100991
TI  - [Coronary therapy using Angitrit].

PMID- 1100992
TI  - [Fibrinogen and fibrinogenesis].

PMID- 1100993
TI  - [Indications for the therapeutic use of contraceptive steroids].

PMID- 1100994
TI  - [Response of pituitary LH to the synthetic hypothalamic releasing hormone (LH-RH)
      in patients with hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal pathology].

PMID- 1100995
TI  - Eminence and mental retardation as determined by Cattell's space method.

PMID- 1100996
TI  - [Disturbance in the equilibrium between DNA and protein synthesis rates in
      bacteria and their viability].
AB  - The effect of the disturbed correlation between the rates of synthesis of DNA and
      protein on the viability of bacterial cells was studied with different strain of
      E. coli K-12. The viability of the cells is determined by their resistance to
      sharp changes in the rates of synthesis of DNA and protein.

PMID- 1100997
TI  - [Biosynthesis of sterols by various yeasts].
AB  - Biosynthesis of sterines by yeasts was studied with 112 strains belonging to 9
      genera; 77 strains synthesized ergosterine and 15 most active strains were
      selected, which belonged to the following genera: Saccharomyces, Torulopsis,
      Hanseniaspora, Debaryomyces, Candida, Mechnikowia. Sterine composition was
      studied in these active strains. The main sterine in all studied strains was
      ergosterine.

PMID- 1100998
TI  - [Physiological and biochemical properties of a Pseudomonas methanolica culture
      under chemostat cultivation].
AB  - The effect of different concentrations of methanol on Pseudomonas methanolica BKM
      B-1131 was studied. The limitation of growth by methanol in chemostat was found
      at a concentration of the substrate below 0.1--0.23 per cent; higher
      concentrations resulted in the appearance of residual methanol in the medium and
      in a decrease of the economic coefficient. A declining chemostat curve has been
      obtained when the growth was limited by a deficiency of methanol. If the growth
      rate increased, the content of RNA remained the same, the content of protein
      decreased from 50 to 39 per cent, and the content of POBA increased. Changes in
      the specific activity of some key enzymes of the Krebs and Embden-Meyerhof cycles
      and of methanol dehydrogenase suggest an increase in the activity of the Krebs
      cycle enzymes with the growth rate because at this time the substances between
      acetate and pyruvate are accumulated which are favourable substrates for the
      synthesis of POBA.

PMID- 1100999
TI  - [Autoselection in Candida utilis yeasts in a chemostat culture].
AB  - Long-term continuous cultivation of Candida utilis in the conditions of
      chemostat, with the growth rate being limited with phosphates, was accompanied by
      autoselection. The culture obtained had a higher growth rate and differed by some
      physiological characteristics from the parent culture. The content of
      intracellular phosphates varied from 1.9 to 0.55% per dry weight, depending on
      the concentration of phosphates in the growth medium. At the threshold
      concentration (0.007 g/litre), phosphates were not virtually utilized by the
      culture. Specific time of transitional processes depends on the value of
      interfering effect.

PMID- 1101000
TI  - [Polyploid hybrids of industrial yeast races and the prospects for using them in
      production].
AB  - The ploidity of the parent forms, hybrids, and two industrial yeast races was
      studied by determining the content of DNA per cell, the ratios during allel
      splitting, the dimensions and volumes of the cells. The triploid nature of the
      baker's race 14--2 and some hybrids was found (for example, the productive hybrid
      112 obtained by crossing the distillery and baker's races). The results obtained
      suggest the possibility to apply the techniques of hybridization and polyploidy
      for selecting productive yeast strains.

PMID- 1101001
TI  - [Method of isolating pure cultures of mesophilic, thermotolerant and thermophilic
      methane-utilizing bacteria].
AB  - The paper describes a technique for isolation of pure cultures of various
      physiological groups (mesophilic, thermotolerant, and thermophilic) of
      methylotrophs bacteria. The technique is based on the application of solid media
      containing simultaneously two sources of carbon: elective for the accompanying
      microflora and elective for the obligate methylotrophs. If the culture to be
      studied is inoculated into such a medium, the following colonies will be found:
      (1) the initial culture; (2) pure cultures of the methylotrophs; and (3) the
      accompanying microflora. The paper presents a scheme for isolation of pure
      cultures of the methylotrophs, criteria for controlling their purity,
      recommendations for the composition of growth media which would not inhibit the
      growth of the obligate methylotrophs by organic substrates. The technique may
      also be used for the isolation of pure cultures of other bacteria (mycobacteria,
      lithotrophs, etc.) which are difficult to be separated from the accompanying
      microflora.

PMID- 1101002
TI  - Antarctic medicine, 1775-1975. I.
AB  - An historical review is made of Antarctic medical practice, which is unique
      because of the absence of an indigenous population. This review begins with the
      primitive shipboard practice of doctors accompanying Captain James Cook around
      1775 and concludes with the modern era of permanent stations and vast scientific
      endeavour. The heroic era of Scott, Shackleton, Amundsen and Mawson and the
      highly mechanized transition period are contrasted with the present day. Medical
      practice on modern expeditions has reached a high standard, but there is still
      much to be learned concerning human adaptation. Comment is made on the possible
      utilization of Antarctica's natural resources bringing increases in polar
      populations and facilitating the expansion of medical research in the future era
      of polar medicine.

PMID- 1101003
TI  - Walter Lloyd Holcombe Keller.

PMID- 1101004
TI  - [The dissolving of cholesterol gallstones. A current therapeutic problem].

PMID- 1101005
TI  - [Is sudden death predictable].

PMID- 1101006
TI  - [The significance of information in medicine].

PMID- 1101007
TI  - [Highly purified insulins in the modern treatment of diabetes].

PMID- 1101008
TI  - [Pathogenesis of diarrhea].

PMID- 1101009
TI  - Modification of normal cell surface by smooth membrane preparations from BHK-21
      cells infected with Newcastle disease virus.
AB  - Smooth membrane fractions were prepared from the cytoplasmic extract of BHK-21
      cells infected with Newcastle disease virus (NDV). These membranes exhibited high
      hemagglutinating, neuraminidase, and hemolytic activity but little infectivity,
      suggesting that they might be precursors for viral envelope. When such membranes
      were adsorbed to the monolayers of uninfected BHK-21 cells at 4 degrees C and
      then incubated at elevated temperature for a couple of hours, the cells became
      highly hemadsorptive even in the presence of cycloheximide. This phenomenon
      occurred between 15 degrees C and 25 degrees C, and was maximal at 31 degrees C,
      where approximately 4 times more erythrocytes were adsorbed than to the cells
      incubated at 4 degrees C. Immunofluorescent staining suggested that diffusion of
      viral antigens might occurred rapidly over the entire surface of the cells. Cell
      fractions containing virions induced hemadsorption in uninfected cells, too.
      However, induction occurred now at 31 degrees C and was maximal at 37 degrees C,
      and erythrocytes appeared to be adsorbed not to the entire surface of the
      monolayer but restricted areas of the cells. The diffusion of viral antigens on
      the cell surface was not so significant under these conditions. On the basis of
      these findings the possible role of the membranes of the smooth endoplasmic
      reticulum in virus replication is discussed.

PMID- 1101010
TI  - Re-evaluation of the Auxotab (Inolex) Enteric 1 System for identification of
      enterobacteriaceae.
AB  - The improved Auxotab Enteric I System was re-evaluated and found to correlate 98%
      with conventional methods for the identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Possible
      Reasons for previous poor results with this system are discussed.

PMID- 1101011
TI  - [30th anniversary of a great victory].

PMID- 1101012
TI  - [Organization of the control of malaria during World War II].

PMID- 1101013
TI  - [Outstanding clinician and scientist, Evgenii Mikhailovich Tareev (on his 80th
      birthday)].

PMID- 1101014
TI  - [Problem of malaria and antimalarial measures in northern Afghanistan. 1. Malaria
      in northern Afghanistan].

PMID- 1101015
TI  - [Chemotherapy of schistosomiasis in man (a review of the literature)].

PMID- 1101016
TI  - [Aleksandr Samoilovich Monchadskii].

PMID- 1101017
TI  - [V.P. Pod'iapol'skaia].

PMID- 1101018
TI  - [Shabsai Davidovich Moshkovskii (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 1101019
TI  - [The problem of the transfer of malaria across the boundaries of the USSR].

PMID- 1101020
TI  - [Role of allergic reaction of the immediate and delayed types in the mechanisms
      of immunity in helminthoses (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1101021
TI  - [Inderal in the treatment of high blood pressure].

PMID- 1101022
TI  - [Clinical use of cytosine arabinoside in infancy. I. Cytosine arabinoside in the
      treatment of acute leukosis].

PMID- 1101023
TI  - [Our experience with a new antitussive agent].

PMID- 1101024
TI  - Myelomeningocele in Minnesota. Incidence and fate.

PMID- 1101025
TI  - Dr. Burnside Foster (1961-1917). Dermatologist, medical journalist, medico
      historian.

PMID- 1101026
TI  - Conjugation in Escherichia coli: a study of recombination and the fate of donor
      DNA at the level of the zygote.
AB  - We have developed an experimental system for studying concomitantly the fate of
      the donor DNA and the process of recombination after conjugation in Escherichia
      coli. We used a set of Hfr and F-strains carrying complementing lacZ mutations.
      Expression of the lacZ allele on the chromosomal fragment derived from the donor
      results in the formation of heat sensitive beta-galactosidase by complementation.
      By intragenic recombination between the two lacZ mutations a lacZ+ gene may be
      formed, and wild type beta-galactosidase will be synthesized subsequently. So the
      assay of heat sensitive and wild type beta-galactosidase enabled us to follow
      respectively the fate of the donor DNA and the recombination process. Using
      various recombination deficient recipient strains, we found that the donor DNA is
      progressively inactivated in recA, rec-34 and recH recipients, although the
      initial rate of expression is equivalent to that in a Rec+ recipient; no
      significant recombination was observed. In Rec+, recB or recG recipients there
      was no inactivation and recombination occurred. The kinetics of recombinant
      formation in the recB strain seems to differ from the wild type; in a recG
      recipient the recombination activity is significant, but lower than in the wild
      type recipient.

PMID- 1101027
TI  - The regulatory nature of the phoB gene for alkaline phosphatase synthesis in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - Quantitative measurements of alkaline phosphatase activity in various merozygotic
      combinations and electrophoretic analyses of periplasmic proteins derepressed by
      phosphate-starvation show that phoB is a positive regulatory gene.

PMID- 1101028
TI  - IS1 is involved in deletion formation in the gal region of E. coli K12.
AB  - The DNA sequence IS1, which is 800 pairs long, has been shown to integrate into
      various bacterial and phage operons. The presence of this DNA sequence in the gal
      operon of E. coli K12 leads to an 30-2000 fold increase in deletion formation in
      the gal region as compared to wildtype. This high frequency of deletion formation
      is specific for IS1 and is independent of the cellular recA function. While the
      frequency of reversion of gal::IS1 mutations, which also is independent of recA,
      is not affected by the growth temperature of the cells, the formation of
      deletions in the gal::IS1 system is strongly dependent on the temperature of
      growth. Mapping experiments showed that one endpoint of the deletions in most
      cases is at the site of the IS1 mutation and the second endpoint seems to be at
      various but preferred sites. The formation of the different classes of delections
      observed is affected differently by the growth temperature of the cells. A model
      to account for these results is presented.

PMID- 1101029
TI  - A new gene for ribosomal restriction in Escherichia coli.
AB  - Two mutations restricting the leakiness of an amber mutant are described. They
      were selected without the use of streptomycin: one maps in the strA region (at 64
      minutes of the current E. coli chromosomal map) but is streptomycin sensitive and
      the other in the threonine region (at the origin of the map), 23% cotransducible
      with threonine by P1.

PMID- 1101030
TI  - Tetracycline-sensitive mutants of the F-like R factors R100 and R100-1.
AB  - The majority of tetracycline-sensitive (Tets) mutants of R100 and R100-1 are
      multisite (deletion) mutants. About 50% of these are also transfer-deficient,
      indicating that the Tetr locus is closely linked to the transfer genes. Tet(s)
      mutants with single-site lesions are also described.

PMID- 1101031
TI  - Antimutator activity during mitosis by a meiotic mutant of yeast.
AB  - Diploids homozygous for the mutation spo7-1 do not exhibit net premeiotic DNA
      synthesis at 34 degrees C and are defective in commitment to recombination
      following exposure to sporulation medium. The spo7-1 mutation confers antimutator
      activity during mitosis at 34 degrees C, indicating that the SPO7 gene product is
      involved in both mitotic and premeiotic DNA metabolism. Strains bearing spo7-1
      are slightly more sensitive to killing by ultraviolet light than the wild type
      but are proficient in UV induced mutation and mitotic intragenic recombination.
      The mitotic antimutator activity of spo7-1 is directed against a class of forward
      mutations known to occur more frequently during mitosis than meiosis.

PMID- 1101032
TI  - Methionine biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Genetical analysis of
      auxotrophic mutants.
AB  - In order to analyse how many structural genes are implicated in the specific
      steps of the biosynthesis of methionine in Sacch. cerevisiae, a hundred mutants
      were studied by complementation. 21 groups were defined named MET1 to MET25.
      Neither recombination between independent mutants of the same complementation
      group nor linkage between different groups was found. Preliminary to biochemical
      studies, mutants of each complementation group were tested for their capacity to
      utilize various precursors of methionine.

PMID- 1101033
TI  - A temperature sensitive nonsense mutation affecting the synthesis of a major
      protein of Escherichia coli K12.
AB  - A temperature sensitive nonsense (TSN) mutant of E. coli K12 has been isolated in
      which a major bacterial protein is not synthesized at 42 degrees C. This protein
      is found in the parental strain at 42 degrees C and in cells rendered temperature
      resistant due to the insertion of a number of different nonsense suppressors or
      the normal allele of the mutant locus.

PMID- 1101034
TI  - Extensive segments of the Escherichia coli K12 chromosome in Proteus mirabilis
      diploids.
AB  - Various Escherichia coli K12 Hfr donors transfer at low frequency portions of the
      E. coli genome to Proteus mirabilis. By remating such Proteus hybrids with the
      same or a different E. coli Hfr strain, other genetic characters could be added
      to yield diploid Proteus hybrids which contained more than 30 percent of the E.
      coli genome. The extent of the E. coli genetic material in these unstable Proteus
      diploid hybrids included segments with the following selected markers: gal, lac,
      ara, mel, mtl, and malA. Unselected markers known to map throughout this region
      of the chromosome were also detected in these hybrids. Among the markers
      expressed in Proteus hybrids with the E. coli malA region was the receptor site
      for coliphage lambda. Although plaques were not seen, lambda was adsorbed by the
      Proteus hybrids. Examination of DNA from the various Proteus hybrids by CsCl
      density gradient centrifugation showed a satellite component of E. coli DNA with
      a size that corresponded to the extent of the E. coli genome present as
      determined by genetic analysis.

PMID- 1101035
TI  - Comparative metabolic effects of chloramphenicol analogues.

PMID- 1101036
TI  - Scintigraphy of the orbit with 67Ga-citrate.
AB  - The orbits of 50 patients with unilateral exophthalmos have been scanned with
      67Ga-citrate. Of the 14 cases of malignant neoplasms in this series, only three
      cases did not show deposits in a characteristic manner. Some of pseudo-tumours
      showed patterns characteristic of malignant neoplasmas. 67Ga uptake of cavernous
      haemangioma was very low compared to the surrounding normal tissues.

PMID- 1101037
TI  - Lymphoid tumours of the orbit. Prognosis as determined by histology.

PMID- 1101038
TI  - Anaesthesia for orbital surgery. Observed changes in the visually evoked response
      at low blood pressures.

PMID- 1101039
TI  - A new anatomical approach to the human orbit.

PMID- 1101040
TI  - Surgical treatment of ethmoidal tumours invading the orbit.

PMID- 1101041
TI  - Subtotal reconstruction of the orbit after destruction by benign tumour.
AB  - We present five cases of reconstruction of the orbital walls after destruction by
      tumours. Treatment is based upon wide exposure through a bicoronal scalp incision
      and immediate reconstruction with autogenous iliac bone grafts. we do not
      recommend using foreign materials for reconstructing the orbit.

PMID- 1101042
TI  - Surgery of benign tumours of the lids.

PMID- 1101043
TI  - Subtraction angiography of the orbit.
AB  - The principles and techniques of subtraction angiography are described. The
      superimposed confusing shadows are eliminated so that the small opacified
      arteries and veins as well as the choroidal plexus are clearly seen. The method
      is useful in the diagnosis of intraocular tumours and in localizing deeply seated
      intraocular foreign bodies.

PMID- 1101044
TI  - Relationship of genetic factors to course and drug response in schizophrenia,
      mania and depression.

PMID- 1101045
TI  - Alcoholism: a pharmacogenetic disorder.
AB  - Alcoholism is an extremely common psychosocial behavioral disorder for which
      genetic factors may play an important role. Statistical analysis of special kinds
      of family studies that separate inherited factors from the common family
      environment point strongly to genetic predisposition. This paper presents data
      and speculations on the genetically determined differences among population
      subgroups and individuals in the acute effects of ethanol ingestion, the
      metabolism of ethanol, the process of tolerance, physical dependence and
      addictability, premorbid personality features and serious complications of
      alcoholism in the liver and brain of the alcoholic and in the offspring of
      alcoholic mothers.

PMID- 1101046
TI  - Genetic factors and lithium response in manic-depressive illness.
AB  - The relationship between success in lithium treatment and the presence of
      affective illness in the families of manic-depressive patients was investigated
      in a double-blind study of lithium prophylaxis. Of a total of 89 outpatients who
      were followed for periods of up to 48 months, 43 were randomly assigned to
      lithium and 46 to placebo. 56% of the lithium-treated patients remained
      asymptomatic, as compared to 28% of the placebo patients. Of the 24 successfully
      treated lithium cases, 16 (66%) had at least one first-degree relative with
      bipolar illness, while only 4 of the 19 lithium failures (21%) had a first-degree
      relative with bipolar illness. No relationship was found between response to
      lithium and the presence of unipolar illness in the patients' families.

PMID- 1101047
TI  - Relationship between acetylator status and response to phenelzine.

PMID- 1101048
TI  - Genetics of monoamine oxidase.
AB  - Evidence for the genetic control of human MAO is now well established. The
      relationships of MAO activities to neuropsychiatric disorders or response to
      psychopharmacologic treatments are relatively unstudied. Preliminary findings
      from our own studies suggest that (1) blood MAO activity is a polygenically
      controlled trait; (2) there may be a subgroup of depressed patients with high MAO
      activity who are more severe symptomatically and more resistant to treatment, and
      (3) that men with atypical and mixed depressions respond more favorably than
      women to treatment with an MAO inhibitory drug.

PMID- 1101049
TI  - Monoamine oxidase. Its inhibition.
AB  - Some 50 years ago the enzyme MAO was discovered by Hare and in the early 1930s
      Blaschko suggested that MAO may play an important role in the catabolism of
      monoamines in the central nervous system. With the discovery of iproniazid as an
      inhibitor of MAO and its introduction as an anti-depressant, many aspects of MAO
      activity and biogenic amine metabolism in experimental animals and man were
      examined. Although many other inhibitors of MAO were discovered and used
      therapeutically as anti-depressants, these drugs fell into disrepute largely
      because of their side-effects. Furthermore, their anti-depressant properties were
      questioned. After some years of relative inactivity there is now a revival of
      interest in the functional role of MAO in the central nervous system and drugs
      that inhibit or stimulate its activity "specifically". The basic reason for the
      upsurge of interest is that the enzyme from many tissues, including the brain of
      animals as well as man, has been purified and characterised. The evidence that
      neuronal MAO exist with different substrate and inhibitor specificities has led
      to the suggestion that they have physiological function and that deamination of
      non-methylated biogenic monoamines can take place in neurons. These findings have
      led to the advent of new drugs (clorgyline and depranil) with "selective"
      inhibition of enzyme forms. Their possible usage in the chemotherapy of
      depressive illness should be considered seriously. Fluctuation in peripheral
      organs as well as brain MAO is well documented. Recently they have been
      associated with changes in naturally occurring steroids. Although a decrease in
      platelet and brain MAO activity has been reported in a number of affect disorders
      (schizophrenia and bipolar depression) the results of these findings have
      recently been questioned (20, 141). Obviously further study in this area of
      research discussed is badly needed.

PMID- 1101050
TI  - Cytogenetic effects of psychoactive drugs.

PMID- 1101051
TI  - [In memoriam Professor Adolf Hottinger M.D].

PMID- 1101052
TI  - Studies on the induction of mitotic gene conversion by ultraviolet irradiation.
      I. Analysis of dose-frequency relationship.
AB  - The UV (270-nm) dose-frequency relationship for the induction of intragenic
      mitotic recombination at trp 5 locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was non-linear.
      Two parameters, alpha and a, in the proposed equation for the non-linear
      relationship f = (at)alpha were determined so as to fit the experimental data by
      the method of least squares. The analysis was extended over 5 cell stages during
      synchronous growth. It was found that (1) parameter alpha changed from 2.02 for
      unbudded small cells to 1.09 for the stage where the cell had finished the
      division of the nucleus, and (2) parameter a changed correspondingly from 7.25
      10(-4) to 0.180-10(-4) sec-1 during the same period. One interesting outcome in
      this analysis was the deduction of a dose-dependent nature of relative
      sensitivity with respect to the stage. The determination of these two parameters
      enabled us to calculate dose-effect relationships beyond the limits of
      experimental restrictions. Such an "imaginary" relationship, calculated at an
      extremely low dose, revealed the existence of maximal sensitivity around the DNA
      synthesis period. It was further shown that this maximum would easily be masked
      even in the moderate dose range. Thus, we conclude that the validity of single
      dose comparisons is diminished unless alpha is constant regardless of the cell
      stage. Some considerations on the proposed parameters have been made in relation
      to the mechanisms of the induction of gene conversion by UV.

PMID- 1101053
TI  - Studies on the induction of mitotic gene conversion by ultraviolet irradiation.
      II. Action spectra.
AB  - Action spectra for the induction of intragenic mitotic recombination (gene
      conversion) at the trp 5 locus by UV are presented for three cell stages (T0, T9
      and T16) taken from synchronously growing cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
      The spectra over the range from 230 to 300 nm were taken mostly in 5-nm steps.
      The peak of action spectra was significantly shifted, regardless of the stage,
      toward the longer wavelengths as compared with that of the absorption spectrum of
      DNA (258 nm) or even that of thymine (265 nm). In one extreme case (T16), the
      peak was shifted 17 nm from the absorption peak of DNA. Further, the spectrum
      changed its shape as the cell stage advanced from non-dividing (unbudded) (T0) to
      a dividing phase (T16). Furthermore, the induction cross section decreased by a
      large factor (about 40), regardless of the wavelength, in going from T0 to T16.
      From observations of the high photoreversibility of induced conversions, the
      major primary damage was thought to be pyrimidine dimers in the DNA. One
      plausible explanation, though not quite satisfactory from the quantitative
      viewpoint for these findings was that the increasing RNA during growth would
      screen the incident UV differentially with respect to the stage. If this
      explanation is correct, thymine dimers may still be considered, in spite of the
      shifts and deformations in the action spectra, as the major primary damage that
      triggers the long series of processes leading to gene conversion. Conventional
      methods for obtaining action spectra are discussed in comparison with the present
      method, which was based on sensitivity parameter a in the proposed dose (t)
      frequency (f) relation, f = (at)alpha (alpha is the multiplicity parameter).

PMID- 1101054
TI  - A new pathogenic species of Aspergillus in the Aspergillus fumigatus series.

PMID- 1101056
TI  - Editorial: Centennial salute to Boston Medical Library.

PMID- 1101055
TI  - New tests to assess lung function. Clinical methods for assessing the ventilatory
      response to carbon dioxide and hypoxia.

PMID- 1101057
TI  - Letter: New leadership in medicine.

PMID- 1101058
TI  - Letter: Starvation disease in Greece.

PMID- 1101059
TI  - Abdominal surgery (second of three parts).

PMID- 1101060
TI  - Apparent emergence of aminoglycoside-resistant Escherichia coli during neonatal
      meningitis.

PMID- 1101061
TI  - By the London Post Women in medicine -- more political pressure -- Jerome
      Cardan's well.

PMID- 1101062
TI  - Clinical pharmacokinetics (second of two parts).

PMID- 1101063
TI  - Cardiovascular control mechanisms in the conscious state.

PMID- 1101064
TI  - New tests to assess lung function: occlusion pressure--a simple measure of the
      respiratory center's output.

PMID- 1101065
TI  - Hepatitis B immune globulin as a prophylactic measure for spouses exposed to
      acute type B hepatitis.
AB  - Because the value of usual immune globulin preparations in preventing Type B
      hepatitis is doubtful, we carried out a double-blind comparison of a control
      human immune globulin preparation with one--identified as HBIG--that had a high
      concentration (442 mug per milliliter) of antibodies to surface components of
      hepatitis B virus. Effectiveness was tested in spouses of patients with acute
      Type B hepatitis. Within 150 days after injection, nine of 33 spouses in the
      control group had symptomatic Type B hepatitis, compared with one of 25 spouses
      receiving HBIG. One non-B case also occurred in the HBIG group. Five control
      globulin recipients had evidence of subclinical hepatitis B infection, compared
      with one HBIG recipient.  Thus, HBIG appeared effective in suppressing not only
      disease, but also infection itself. Prophylactic value has been demonstrated in
      persons who should now be recognized as being at exceptionally high risk.

PMID- 1101066
TI  - Hepatitis B "immune" globulin: effectiveness in prevention of dialysis-associated
      hepatitis.
AB  - A randomized, double-blind, multicenter study of hepatitis prevention by immune
      serum globulin with high anti-HBs titer ("hepatitis B immune globulin") was
      carried out among 318 new patients and 296 staff members of renal dialysis units.
      Three milliliters of high titer globulin, repeated at four months, was compared
      with equal doses of intermediate or normal titer globulin. Among staff members,
      the cumulative percentages developing hepatitis or HBs Ag, or both, within eight
      months were 6.9, 11.7, and 11.1 in the high, intermediate, and normal titer
      groups respectively. The lower incidence associated with high titer globulin was
      not significant (P greater than 0.05). However, among the patients the respective
      percentages were 7.9, 21.3, and 23.1 and the lower incidence in the high titer
      globulin group was significant.

PMID- 1101067
TI  - Editorial: Hepatitis B immune globulin: Evaluation of clinical trials and
      rationale for usage.

PMID- 1101068
TI  - Massachusetts Medical Society. Committee members.

PMID- 1101069
TI  - Letter: Selective renin determinations in hypertensive renal-transplant
      recipients.

PMID- 1101070
TI  - Multiple steps in DNA recognition by restriction endonuclease from E. coli K.
AB  - The process of DNA recognition by the activated form of the restriction
      endonuclease from E. coli K involves three enzyme-DNA complexes which can be
      differentiated experimentally. These are: an initial complex formed at a
      nonspecific site; a recognition complex involving the host specificity site; and
      a cleavage complex dependent on the presence of ATP.

PMID- 1101071
TI  - Phagocytosis and cytolysis by a macrophage tumour and its cloned cell line.

PMID- 1101072
TI  - Identification of two copies of the gene for the elongation factor EF-Tu in E.
      coli.
AB  - Two copies of the structural gene for the elongation factor EF-Tu have been
      identified in Escherichia coli: one near rif and the other near str. The latter
      seems to belong to a single transcriptional unit together with the genes for
      ribosomal protein S7, S12 (str) and the elongation factor EF-G (fus).

PMID- 1101073
TI  - Macrophage proliferation induced in vitro by a lymphocyte factor.

PMID- 1101074
TI  - Minicomputers are bursting out all over.

PMID- 1101075
TI  - Evidence for a malaria mitogen in human malaria.

PMID- 1101076
TI  - Discrimination between eukaryotic and prokaryotic, and formylated and non
      formylated, initiator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor EIF-3.

PMID- 1101078
TI  - [Aid to drowned persons by the first echelon].

PMID- 1101077
TI  - Morphine-induced running analgesia in two strains of mice following septal
      lesions or modification of brain amines.
AB  - Groups of two inbred strains of mice (C 57 B1/6J and DBA/2J) with septal and
      control lesions were tested for morphine-induced analgesia and running activity
      (running fit). As previously observed the effects of morphine on the running fit
      and analgesia were strain-dependent and a negative strain correlation was evident
      between the two measures in C 57 and DBA operated control mice which are
      characterized by different brain levels and turnover of cholinergic and
      adrenergic mediators. Septal lesions, which cause a reduction in the levels of
      acetylcholine in the brain areas which receive a cholinergikc input from the
      septum, anatogonized morphine analgesia in both strains while the running fit
      syndrome was unaffected. Pharmacological manipulation of brain catecholamines did
      not interfer with morphine-induced analgesia. The effacts of different
      pharmacological agents with interfere with noradrenaline synthesis and
      catecholamine oxidation were assessed in the two strains which are characterized
      by presence (C 57) or absence (DBA) of increased motor activity following the
      injection of morphine. The results argue against an exclusive association of
      morphine-induced motor activity with noradrenergic mechanism.

PMID- 1101079
TI  - [Virus hepatitis B (serum hepatitis) I. Clinical data and epidemiology].

PMID- 1101080
TI  - [Development of the hearing aid].

PMID- 1101081
TI  - [Acute lymphatic leukemia in children in the Netherlands; study ALL I, 1972-1973;
      Dutch Childhood Leukemia Study Group].

PMID- 1101082
TI  - [Arthrodesis of the shoulder].

PMID- 1101083
TI  - [Heart death and oral antidiabetics; the last judgement].

PMID- 1101084
TI  - Isolated factor X deficiency in amyloidosis. Case report and review of the
      literature.

PMID- 1101085
TI  - Hypercalcaemia during recovery from acute renal failure.

PMID- 1101086
TI  - Relationship between the kidney and parathyroid hormone.
AB  - This report reviews the interrelationship between the activity of the parathyroid
      glands and renal function. Among the topics discussed are: effects of parathyroid
      hormone on various aspects of renal function such as: (1) glomerular filtration
      rate and renal blood flow; (2) renal handling of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium,
      sodium and potassium; (3) renal production of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol; (4)
      renal handling of bicarbonate and acid-base metabolism, and (5) mechanism of
      action of parathyroid hormone on the renal cell. Further topics include: renal
      metabolism of parathyroid hormone; the kidney in hyperparathyroidism, and effects
      of renal failure on structure and function of the parathyroid glands.

PMID- 1101087
TI  - Thyroid hormone and the kidney.
AB  - Thyroid hormones affect both renal morphology and function. They are required for
      kidney growth and development, and thyroid deficiency results in decreased renal
      plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate and in impaired urinary concentration
      and dilution. Thyroid hormones also influence membrane transport and electrolyte
      metabolism, and alterations in mineral metabolism in hyperthyroidism frequently
      cause calcium nephropathy which affects renal function adversely. The kidney
      plays an important role in the peripheral metabolism of iodine and thyroid
      hormones, and thyroid function is altered in certain kidney diseases,
      particularly chronic renal failure. The pathogenesis of these alterations is
      currently under active investigation.

PMID- 1101088
TI  - Kidney and adrenocortical hormones.
AB  - We have presented a review of the interrelationship between the kidney and the
      adrenocortical steroids, aldosterone and cortisol primarily in the regulation of
      water and electrolyte metabolism. The presentation is divided into three parts:
      (1) the influence of cortisol and aldosterone on renal structure and function;
      (2) the effect of kidney disease on secretion and metabolism of these steroids,
      and (3) the role of the kidneys in the plasma clearance of these steroids and
      their metabolites. There is no evidence that an excess or deficit of these
      steroids have a direct effect on renal structure, but both are necessary to
      maintain normal GFR and RPF. Glucocorticoids augment renal hemodynamics in
      pharmacologic doses. The phenomenon of 'escape' by the kidney from the sodium
      retaining effect of adrenocortical steroids is discussed in detail, as well as
      the ability of glucocorticoid to antagonize the sodium retaining activity of any
      adrenal steroid of analogue with lesser glucocorticoid noperties. It is included
      that the impaired water dunesis of glycocorticoid deficiency is due to the
      absence of the permissive action of these steroids on the kidney, augmented at
      times by enhanced ADH secretion in response to sustained nonosmotic stimuli. The
      effect of gluco and mineralocorticoids on the renal excretion of divalentions and
      uric acid is also discussed. While progressive chronic renal failure (CRF) does
      not seem to significantly after the secretion or metabolism of cortisol it is
      possible that CRF causes a state of chronic hyperaldosteronism that is essential
      to maintain normal excretion (secretion) of potassium per nephron as renal mass
      progressively decreases. A direct or an indirect effect of potassium ion may be
      responsible for the hypersecretion or aldosterone rather than the renin
      angiotensin system.

PMID- 1101089
TI  - Renin and the kidney.
AB  - The factors involved in renin release have been extensively evaluated. The
      primary determinants are the transmural pressure at the afferent arteriole,
      sodium delivery to the macula densa, and the activity of the adrenergic nervous
      system. Other possible factors include circulating catecholamines, the serum and
      cerebrospinal fluid sodium concentration, serum potassium concentration,
      angiotensin II concentration, and antidiuretic hormone release. There is no
      convincing evidence that the renin-angiotensin system mediates renal
      autoregulation. Plasma renin activity is altered in a number of clinical
      settings. This parameter is elevated in most patients with cirrhosis and the
      nephrotic syndrome as well as in individuals with severe congestive heart
      failure. Despite inappropriately large weight gains, plasma renin suppresses
      normally with increased salt intake in edematous patients who have a normal
      glomerular filtration rate. The mechanisms of the alteration in the renin
      angiotensin system in Bartter's syndrome is still not clear.

PMID- 1101090
TI  - Insulin and the kidney.
AB  - Changes in renal function and structure are frequently observed in patients with
      diabetes mellitus. In the early phases of the disease, alterations in glomerular
      filtration rate, renal plasma flow, glomerular permeability and tubular capacity
      for glucose reabsorption occur. In the late stages of juvenile onset diabetes,
      renal failure is a common cause of death. For this reason, increasing attention
      is being paid to the possibility of long-term dialysis and renal transplantation
      in these patients. The kidneys play an important role in regulating insulin
      metabolism. The renal arteriovenous difference is approximately 30-45% and a
      linear relationship exists between the arterial insulin level and the renal
      arteriovenous concentration difference. The renal extraction of insulin is 200
      ml/min in man, and it is estimated that 6-8 U are removed and degraded by the
      kidney in 24 h. The quantity of insulin in urine is small. However, its clearance
      is relatively constant over a wide range of serum concentrations and is 0.15-0.5
      ml/min. The mean basal insulin excretion is 3.6 muU/mg creatinine, and a fourfold
      rise occurs following a glucose load. The urinary insulin values in neonates,
      children and patients with diabetes and renal failure are reviewed. In diabetic
      patients, progressive renal disease is accompanied by decreasing insulin
      requirements. In contrast, nondiabetic patients who develop renal failure
      frequently show abnormalities in carbohydrate metabolism, the commonest of which
      is a pseudodiabetic state.

PMID- 1101091
TI  - Erythropoietin and the kidney.
AB  - Erythropoietin is a polypeptide hormone, which is produced in response to a
      deficit in the delivery of oxygen to the tissues relative to their oxygen needs;
      although other feedback mechanisms also modulate its production. The kidneys play
      a major role in the elaboration of this hormone. However, the precise action of
      the kidney is not yet known. Diseases of the kidneys cause profound alteration in
      the normal regulation of erythropoiesis. Some of these are reviewed here.

PMID- 1101092
TI  - Renal prostaglandins.
AB  - The renal prostaglandins PGS2 and PGE2 possess potent antihypertensive and
      vasodepressor activity. The mechanism of blood pressure lowering effect is
      through peripheral arteriolar dilation with a fall in total peripheral
      resistance. PGA unlike PGE escape degradation by the lung and thus could
      circulate as antihypertensive hormones. Since plasma PGA levels rise in humans on
      a low sodium intake, it has been postulated that the beneficial effects of a low
      sodium diet in some hypertensives may be the result of an increase in peripheral
      vasodilating PGA. Support that plasma PGA may be a regulator of systemic blood
      pressure is also derived from the fact a PGA-secreting renal tumor was associated
      with a fall in blood pressure and a rise in plasma PGA in a previously
      hypertensive woman. The removal of the tumor resulted in a return of blood
      pressure to elevated levels and a concomitant fall in PGA. Recently, a number of
      human patients with essential hypertension have been infused with PGA1 and PGA2.
      It was observed that there was an initial increase in renal blood flow, sodium
      and water excretion which was associated with no change in the elevated blood
      pressure. When blood pressure ultimately fell, there was a return of renal blood
      flow, sodium and water excretion to preinfusion levels. It would appear that PGA
      compounds act as 'ideal' antihypertensive agents since they favorably effect
      renal resistance, sodium and water homeostasis, plasma volume, total peripheral
      resistance, blood pressure and indirectly cardiac output through baroreceptor
      stimulation, all factors known to be important in etiology in human hypertension.

PMID- 1101093
TI  - Natriuretic hormone.
AB  - The factors that control sodium excretion have been the subject of considerable
      work in recent years. The natriuresis that follows expansion of the extracellular
      fluid volume is mediated to a large extent by inhibition of tubular sodium
      reabsorption. Of the several mechanisms proposed to explain this inhibition,
      considerable interest has followed the suggestion that a humoral substance is
      released into the blood stream in response to volume expansion. The present
      article reviews the evidence for and against the existence of such a humoral
      substance (natriuretic hormone). It also discusses its proposed chemical nature
      and its possible site of origin in the organism as well as its mode of action.

PMID- 1101094
TI  - Intention myoclonus of multiple sclerosis, its patho-anatomical basis and its
      stereotactic relief.
AB  - The typical multiple sclerosis case considered here is especially informative
      from both the standpoint of its clinical course and on the basis of the autopsy
      findings. The foci responsible for the severe bilateral intention myoclonus of
      the trunk and limbs are the nerve cell losses in both red nuclei due to extensive
      and almost complete demyelination. Thereby the triangle of Mollaret between the
      red nucleus, inferior olives and dentate nucleus is involved as the patho
      physiological circuit responsible for myoclonus. Stereotactic coagulation of
      dentato-thalamic fibres resulted in complete relief of intention myoclonus. With
      regard to the triggering of fresh demyelinating foci by stereotactic
      interventions, our point of view is as follows: Although a stereotactic operation
      introduces the possibility of triggering new demyelinating foci in less than 10%
      of the cases, such a possibility does not represent an absolute contra-indication
      to the stereotactic treatment of action myoclonus in multiple sclerosis, if the
      patient is informed accordingly.

PMID- 1101095
TI  - [Indications for radiotherapy in intracranial and intraspinal tumors in adults
      (Except pituitary tumors)].

PMID- 1101096
TI  - Separation of brain-RNA by micro-electrophoresis on agarose-acrylamide gels.
AB  - A simple method is described for RNA fractionation on the microscale (10(-8) to
      10(-7) g). The optimal conditions for electrophoretic separation of low molecular
      weight RNA (4S-16S) on such a scale have been determined running a standard
      mixture of 4S, 5S and 16S E. coli RNAs on agarose-polyacrylamide gels at three
      different concentrations of acrylamide. The separations were evaluated for
      resolution of the different species and for linearity in the relationship between
      mobility and logarithm of molecular weight. A straight linear relationship and
      good resolution was obtained on a 3.48 per cent polyacrylamide - 0.7 per cent
      agarose gel. When a sample of 10(-2) O.D.U.260 of macroextracted cerebral RNA was
      separated on such a gel, six unusual RNA bands were detected between 5A and 18S.
      To find out optimal conditions for RNA fractionation in the 16S-28S range a
      standard mixture of 16S, 18S, 23S and 28S RNA was run on gels of three different
      acrylamide concentrations. The separations were again evaluated with regard to
      both the resolution and the linearity of the relationship between the logarithms
      of the molecular weights and the mobilities of the standard RNA species. A 0.7
      per cent agarose - 2.5 per cent polyacrylamide gel appeared to be quite suitable
      with regard to both. The fractionation of a microsample of RNA macroextracted
      from whole rat brain is presented. We also present the fractionation of the RNA
      microextracted from 1 mg of the CA3 region of rat hippocampus.

PMID- 1101097
TI  - [T-rosette test in Wilson's disease].
AB  - Twenty-three patients with Wilson's disease were studied. Using the rosette
      formation test it was found that the count of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral
      blood of these patients (29,77% +/- 12,58) was lower than in the control group
      (61,68% +/- 13,14). Using skin tests for demonstration of delayed
      hypersensitivity it was noted that in the group of patients the frequency of
      positive reaction with Candida albicans antigen was lower and these patients
      showed also less frequently positive reactions after DNCB immunization. The
      obtained results indicate that in Wilson's disease the functions of T-lymphocytes
      are distrubed. This may be the cause of previously observed hyperactivity of B
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1101098
TI  - Eye movement responses of heroin addicts and controls during word and object
      recognition.

PMID- 1101099
TI  - Comparison of dopa decarboxylase inhibitor (carbidopa) combined with levodopa and
      levodopa alone in Parkinson's disease.
AB  - A double-blind study comparing the effects of carbidopa and levodopa combined in
      a single tablet with levodopa alone was undertaken in 50 patients with
      Parkinson's disease. After 6 months, there was a statistically significant
      improvement over baseline in total score, rigidity, and tremor only in the
      patients randomized to carbidopa/levodopa. In addition, 40 percent of the
      patients treated with carbidopa/levodopa showed obvious clinical improvement (a
      greater than 50 percent reduction in their total score) over treatment with
      levodopa alone. However, after 2 years, only 20 percent continued to show this
      improvement. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia developed in 56 percent of patients
      on levodopa but in only 27 percent of patients on carbidopa/levodopa. However,
      abnormal involuntary movements, observed in 48 percent of patients on levodopa,
      were present in 77 percent of patients on carbidopa/levodopa. Despite the
      increase in abnormal involuntary movements, carbidopa/levodopa is more effective
      than levodopa.

PMID- 1101100
TI  - [A method for the preparation of bones from rats for light and electron
      microscopical examination (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101101
TI  - Preparation of the tibial growth organ of young rats for scanning electron
      microscopy.

PMID- 1101102
TI  - A new method for very precise volumetry of organs of irregular shape.

PMID- 1101103
TI  - A critique of silver impregnation methods.

PMID- 1101104
TI  - [A method for mounting thick frozen sections (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101105
TI  - [Paraplast-plus, a tissue embedding medium that enables sections to stick to the
      slides without adhesives (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101106
TI  - [Antiperistaltic esophago-jejuno-duodenostomy after total gastrectomy].
AB  - Total gastrectomy forms an essential part of surgical management of gastric
      carcinoma. The various operations proposed for reconstruction of the alimentary
      tract are reviewed, reflux oesophagitis, dehiscence of suture. Lastly, the
      advantages offered by oesophago-jejuno-duodenostomy are illustrated.

PMID- 1101107
TI  - [Clinical experiences with the use of a new antibiotic in inflammatory diseases
      of surgical interest].
AB  - Therapeutic and prophylactic management of 23 adults with inflammation of
      surgical interest using a new antibiotic, cefalexin sodium (Glaxo). 1.5-6 g/day
      were administered either i.m. (2 cases) or i.v. (21 cases) for 4 to 13 days.
      Examinations carried out before and after treatment showed that no damage was
      caused to the liver, kidney or haematopoietic apparatus. The clinical
      pharmacokinetic data made it clear that high serum levels were reached and renal
      elimination of the drug was almost complete. Cepoven displayed a high therapeutic
      capacity in nearly all cases. Both general and local tolerance were excellent.

PMID- 1101108
TI  - [Antique pharmaceutical jars, mortars and glassware at the Museo di novellara].

PMID- 1101109
TI  - Intravenous anaesthesia--a modern technique?

PMID- 1101110
TI  - Cuthbert Raymond.

PMID- 1101111
TI  - Karunaratne Tissera Sandanayake.

PMID- 1101112
TI  - Antibiotic sensitivity of pathogens from infected skin lesions.
AB  - One hundred and seven patients attending an accident and emergency department
      with infected skin lesions were studied. The commonest organisms isolated were
      Staph aureus and Strep pyrogenes. Routine antimicrobial sensitivity testing of
      bacterial isolates showed that the antibiotic most likely to be effective against
      the organisms isolated was a cephalosporin or a tetracycline.

PMID- 1101113
TI  - Obituary: Trevor Watson Doouss.

PMID- 1101114
TI  - Nitrate poisoning in cattle grazing crops.

PMID- 1101115
TI  - An historical review of animal movement, exotic disease and quarantine in New
      Zealand and Australia.

PMID- 1101116
TI  - S. Berton Gerstner, D.D.S.

PMID- 1101117
TI  - David Tanchester, D.D.S.

PMID- 1101118
TI  - A nominee for ADA First Vice President. Irving Earl Gruber.

PMID- 1101119
TI  - Pit and fissure sealants.

PMID- 1101120
TI  - Odontophilately.

PMID- 1101121
TI  - The Gambee intestinal anastomosis in gynecologic surgery.
AB  - The Gambee single-layer, through-and-through, catgut suture anastomosis of the
      gastrointestinal tract has been in use from 1969 to 1974. Sixty-four anastomoses
      have been performed on 56 patients with gastrointestinal involvement or pelvic
      malignancy. There were no operative deaths, and no patients required reoperation
      for correction of intestinal anastomotic leaks or rupture of the suture line.
      This experience suggests that the Gambee intestinal single-layer anastomosis may
      be useful in the management of gastrointestinal complications of pelvic surgery
      and malignancy.

PMID- 1101122
TI  - Follicle-stimulating hormone response to luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone in
      patients with hydatidiform mole.
AB  - The serum concentration of immunoreactive follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and
      FSH response to synthetic luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) were
      investigated in 9 patients with intact hydatidiform moles and 3 patients with
      aborted moles. The serum concentration of FSH before and after intravenous
      administration of 200 mug of synthetic LHRH was measured by double antibody
      radioimmunoassay. Serum FSH was detectable but relatively low compared with the
      levels seen in the follicular phase of the normal menstrual cycle in all 12
      patients. Furthermore, the 12 patients did not respond, or responded subnormally,
      to exogenously administered LHRH, and there was no significant elevation in serum
      FSH levels after LHRH injection. The result of the current study is in accord
      with that of our previous report on the serum concentration of FSH and FSH
      response to synthetic LHRH during normal pregnancy. Thus, it might be concluded
      that the follicle-stimulating activity of the anterior pituitary is suppressed by
      an unknown mechanism during molar pregnancy as well as normal pregnancy.

PMID- 1101123
TI  - Joseph Harker Johnson 1898-1975.

PMID- 1101124
TI  - Perforating corneal transplantation: difficulties and possibilities.

PMID- 1101125
TI  - Award of the Donders Medal to Prof. J. Francois.

PMID- 1101126
TI  - [In memoriam Arthur Bruckner, Aug. 24, 1877-Mar. 29, 1975].

PMID- 1101127
TI  - Upper lid loading with dermis graft and levator weakening. Management of
      lagophthalmos due to facial palsy.
AB  - A method to protect the cornea in case of lagophthalmos is presented, consisting
      in weighting the upper eyelid with dermis graft, combined with a weakening of the
      levator palpebrae. The technique is described, and the method is discussed versus
      other methods of upper lid loading.

PMID- 1101128
TI  - Diagnostic importance of immunofluorescence in oral bullous diseases and lupus
      erythematosus.
AB  - Immunofluorescent tests have proved to be of diagnostic importance for pemphigus,
      bullous pemphigoid, cicatricial pemphigoid, systemic lupus erythematosus, and
      discoid lupus erythematosus. Immunofluorescence test procedures, necessary
      specimens, and test findings have been reviewed as aids to dentists in the
      utilization and interpretation of these tests for the study of oral lesions.

PMID- 1101129
TI  - Continued anticoagulation in oral surgery procedures.
AB  - Anticoagulants are used in a number of clinical settings for the prevention and
      treatment of thromboembolic disease. The oral surgeon is seeing an increasing
      number of these anticoagulated patients with oral and dental disease. A technique
      is presented which minimizes the nonanticoagulated time for a patient requiring
      an oral surgical procedure. The technique requires hospitalization and should be
      used only for patients who are in danger of thromboembolism.

PMID- 1101130
TI  - Clinical evaluation of the (+) isomer of mepivacaine.
AB  - A human clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of
      dexivacaine 2 per cent, mepivacaine 2 per cent, and mepivacaine 3 per cent. A
      double-blind technique was used to evaluate time of onset, duration, depth of
      anesthesia, and side effects. Results indicated no significant differences among
      the three anesthetics, except that mepivacaine 3 per cent had a significantly
      longer duration of soft-tissue symptoms in the mandibular block series. The few
      side effects noted were minimal and of no statistical significance. The
      evaluation of an anesthetic by the several parameters employed and especially by
      the over-all opinion of the anesthesia was deemed a valuable research method whem
      comparing the clinical effectiveness of local anesthetics.

PMID- 1101131
TI  - David F. Mitchell (1918-1975).

PMID- 1101132
TI  - The microbiology of musculoskeletal infection.
AB  - Of paramount importance in the isolation and identification of bacteria,
      including mycobacteria, and fungi that cause musculoskeletal infections, are
      proper selection, collection, and transport of specimens. Material obtained by
      biopsy, curettage, or aspiration is preferable to that obtained on a swab because
      too little or unrepresentative material is usually collected on a swab and
      because swabs cannot be transported readily under conditions favorable to
      survival of anaerobes. Although actual infections are frequently due to
      staphylococci, strepococci, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadacease, the
      etiologic agents of chronic lesions may include actinomycetes, brucellae,
      mycobacteria, and fungi. In chronic lesions, histopathologic examination of
      biopsy material is an important ancillary procedure. In acute infections, the
      incidence of gram-negative bacilli, particularly of Enterobacteriaceae and
      pseudomonads, has increased significantly in recent years.

PMID- 1101133
TI  - Septic arthritis in children.
AB  - When septic arthritis involves the hip, the prognosis is much worse than with any
      other joint. Approximately 50 per cent of the results were unsatisfactory with
      hip involvement compared to 12 per cent unsatisfactory results with involvement
      of the other joints. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a much more helpful
      diagnostic test than the leukocyte count or differential cell count. The most
      important prognostic factors are the duration of symptoms prior to treatment, a
      penicillinase-producing organism (penicillin-resistant) as the etiologic agent,
      and evidence of associated metaphyseal osteomyelitis. Early decompression and
      cleansing of the joint by aspiration or arthrotomy are essential for a good
      result. Long-term parenteral antibiotic therapy improves the prognosis when
      osteomyelitis is an assoicated feature. Arthrotomy with continuous irrigation
      appears to be more effective in decreasing long-term residual effects than
      arthrotomy alone. Almost all secondary surgical procedures are directed toward
      correcting the sequelae of septic arthritis of the hip.

PMID- 1101134
TI  - [Injury of the tendons of the hand].

PMID- 1101135
TI  - [Isaak Grigor'evich Isaakian].

PMID- 1101136
TI  - [Klimentii Grigor'evich Nirenburg].

PMID- 1101137
TI  - [Evgenii Timofeevich Skliarenko].

PMID- 1101138
TI  - [J. Lederberg 50 years old].

PMID- 1101139
TI  - [Zsigmond Purjesz Sr, medical historian, 1845-1896].

PMID- 1101140
TI  - [Adalberto Pazzini].

PMID- 1101142
TI  - [Lead poisoning and the fall of the West-Roman Empire].

PMID- 1101141
TI  - [Janos Zsoldos].

PMID- 1101143
TI  - [The big toe of the ancient Egyptians].

PMID- 1101144
TI  - [Bela Kellner, M. D. (1904-1975)].

PMID- 1101145
TI  - [Our experience with kidney transplantation].

PMID- 1101146
TI  - [The history of the obstetrical forceps, on the anniversary of the birth of
      Johannes Palfyn].

PMID- 1101147
TI  - [Istvan Barra, botanist and physician in chief].

PMID- 1101148
TI  - Surgery of the nasal tip.
AB  - Three techniques of nasal tip cartilage modifications are discussed in detail:
      the delivery, retroversion, and split (intracartilaginous) techniques. Ancillary
      procedures of the nasal tip, such as septoplasty without decreasing support,
      secondary surgery and post-traumatic nasal tip problems, and the rationale for
      various procedures are discussed.

PMID- 1101149
TI  - Augmentation rhinoplasty.
AB  - Augmentation of the depressed nasal dorsum may be accomplished in a variety of
      ways by utilizing a number of different implant materials. Several techniques are
      discussed and illustrated. Small areas of depression may be corrected with viable
      or nonviable cartilage or synthetic implants through an intercartilaginous
      incision. More extensive saddling is best augmented using either iliac bone
      placed subperiosteally or irradiated cartilage. When the implant is sizable or a
      two piece "L shaped" strut is required, placement is done through a gingivolabial
      sulcus incision.

PMID- 1101150
TI  - Dr Harold William Tracy Jr.

PMID- 1101151
TI  - Surgical stabilisation of the spine.
AB  - It is important to assess spinal injuries, both in terms of cord damage and
      column damage, shortly after the trauma has occurred. A decision should then be
      made concerning the eventual stability of the bony vertebral column. If a lesion
      is unlikely to heal soundly by bone or if one is unable to obtain a reduction by
      conservative measures, one should consider surgical stabilisation of the damaged
      spine in the subacute phase. At the same time as one stabilISES THe spine with
      metallic fixation, bone grafts should be added for ultimate stability. If an
      unstable spine is encountered in the later stages of treatment, surgical
      stabilisation is again indicated. Metallic fixation can greatly aid in
      stabilising the spine until bone grafts can mature. Osteotomies of the spine
      through a combined transthoracic and posterior approach can be extremely valuable
      in correcting deformity. While there is no role for decompressive surgery after
      spinal cord injury, there is still a definite role for surgery in balancing and
      stabilising the vertebral column.

PMID- 1101152
TI  - Effect of cycloheximide on pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile (PCN)-induced
      ultrastructural changes in the rat liver.
AB  - Cycloheximide (10 mg/100 g body weight i.v. twice), an inhibitor of protein
      synthesis, caused smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) accumulation in the
      hepatocytes of female rats. Pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile (PCN), given p.o.,
      had a similar effect. When cycloheximide was administered to PCN-treated rats,
      SER proliferation as well as myelin figure formation were noted.

PMID- 1101153
TI  - The multiple causes of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency.
AB  - Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency is a genetic model that predisposes to pulmonary
      emphysema or a form of hepatic cirrhosis in man. The antitrypsin protein protects
      the tissues from proteolytic digestion by lysosomal proteases from inflammatory
      cells. The three causes of antitrypsin deficiency demonstrated to date are: 1) A
      defect in synthesis and release of the Z variant from the liver. 2) Presence of
      an inactive (null) gene for antitrypsin production, and 3) Increased lability of
      certain variants associated with the in vivo degradation of antitrypsin.

PMID- 1101154
TI  - Further examples confirming the existence of Pi null (Pi-).
AB  - The existence of the Pi- allele (Pi null) was envisaged by Talamo when he
      discovered a subject whose serum contained no alpha-1-antitrypsin. We were able
      to demonstrate that a single dose of this allele exists in three families which
      we studied. In a fourth family, the propositus carried this allele in duplicate
      (phenotype Pi- -), which agrees with the results of the quantitative analyses
      carried out on the parents. The importance of the Pi- allele is envisaged and the
      necessity of the genetic survey is generally essential to demonstrate its
      existence.

PMID- 1101155
TI  - [Phenotype Pi and alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency in types A and B chronic
      obstructive bronchopneumopathies].
AB  - The authors studied 79 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. (COLD)
      (FEV1/VC less than 70%). Patients with chronic asthma were excluded from the
      series. These patients with COLD were divided up into 2 groups, depending on
      radiological and clinical criteria: (1) Type A, primary emphysema, 24 patients;
      (2) Type B, chronic bronchitis, 49 patients. 6 patients of type X (intermediate
      type) were excluded. Their respiratory function tests were studied together with
      clinical and radiological findings and blood gases. Furthermore, were studied in
      each patient, the antitrypsic activity and the serum concentrations of alpha-1
      antitrypsin and phenotype Pi. Group A were, on average, more obstructive than
      group B. The ratio FEV1/VC was 31% +/- 7% in group A, against 46% +/- 13% in
      group B. The serum antitrypsin activity and the serum concentration in alpha-1-AT
      were on average close to normal in both groups. However, group A was divided up
      into two populations: a small population with a low concentration of alpha-1-AT,
      and a large population with normal alpha-1-AT. A study of the incidence of
      various phenotypes in groups A and B showed a significantly higher frequency of
      phenotype ZZ in group A (12.5%) than in group B (10%). All ZZ subjects were of
      clinical type A. There was no significant difference in the incidence of other
      phenotypes encountered. Serum alpha-1-antitrypsin concentration was very low in 3
      ZZ patients. One case with phenotype SZ and one MM showed intermediate levels.
      The authors emphasize the low percentage of cases of pulmonary emphysema which
      may be explained by an alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Nevertheless, this
      preliminary report should be completed by a study of a larger sample of patients
      with COLD with control of the phenotype.

PMID- 1101156
TI  - [Study on the relationship between serum alpha 1 antitrypsin level, the phenotype
      Pi and various bronchopulmonary diseases].
AB  - The authors determined in 418 adults, males and females, admitted to hospital on
      the Respiratory Unit of the Montpellier University Hospital, the serum levels of
      alpha-1-antitrypsin, phenotype Pi and serum immunoglobulin levels. They compare
      these data together and with the diagnosis using a mathematical method known as
      factorial correspondence analysis.

PMID- 1101157
TI  - Human blood platelet elastase and proelastase.
AB  - Platelet elastase has been differenciated from various protein fractions into a
      trypsin dependent form and a trypsin independent form. Trypsin independent
      elastase has been purified by affinity chromatography on cellulose elastin column
      as a pure protein raction of molecular weight: 26,000 ou SDS acrylamide gels.
      Trypsin dependent elastase has been purified by preparative acrylamide disc gel
      electrophoresis. This fraction, proteolysed (limited proteolysis) and activated
      by trypsin into active elastase, has been identified as the precursor (platelet
      proelastase) of platelet elastase. Its molecular weight is 28,000 before trypsin
      and 26,000 after trypsin.

PMID- 1101158
TI  - [Coupled use of chromatography and acrylamide-agarose gel electrophoresis in the
      study of polymeric forms of paraproteins].
AB  - A study of the physical properties of paraprotein required until now, the use of
      fairly complicated techniques, such as analytical ultracentrifugation. The use of
      chromatography on acrylamide agar pearls and electrophoresis on indubiose plates,
      coupled with the classical techniques of electrophoresis and
      immunoelectrophoresis, permitted a more simple approach to these problems. The
      study of IgA paraproteins in several polymerised forms, is an example of the
      possibilities of this new method of investigation.

PMID- 1101159
TI  - [Blood stock management by computers in a transfusion center].
AB  - In large blood Transfusion Centers, blood stock management is quite difficult
      because of the numerous daily movements, the short storage time of blood
      products, the multiplicity of sample types, and, indeed, of blood antigens, etc.
      A data processing system has been established in the Blood Transfusion Center
      ofLille (170 000 bottles a year). From information codified in collection and in
      distribution departments, the computer is able to give to the authorities
      essential daily decision elements such as the knowledge of :--the exact profile
      of each collection (1 119 in 1974),--statistics of blood distributions,-
      available stock, classified by storage time, volume, blood group, etc. The
      computer contribution from the security point of view, as well as its utilization
      in phenotyped blood research is described here.

PMID- 1101160
TI  - [Value and duration of the bone localization of gallium in the mouse].
AB  - Gallium was administered subcutaneously to mice, and was found to be localized
      essentially in the skeleton. It was measured in the bones of animals given daily
      injections of gallium sulfate. There was little or no mortality. The amount of
      gallium found rose with the number of injections, and was greater when higher
      doses were injected. Elimination was very low after cessation of treatment.
      Results were used to study the action of gallium on cutaneous allografts in mice.

PMID- 1101161
TI  - [Comparison of blood sugar measured by Hoffman's, glucose oxidase and dextrostix
      technics during the oral glucose tolerance test].
AB  - The venous blood sugar has been measured in 384 adult subjects, between 20 and 60
      years if agem during two oral glocose tolerance tests, with three methods:
      Hoffman's method, Glucose-oxidase method, and assay with reflectance meter (DRM).
      A good correlation was found with all methods (erg = 0,6 at 60 mn after load);
      however, the results given by the DRM were lower. So, in spite of its practical
      and economical advantages, the DRM can neverbe used for the diagnosis of an
      anomaly in the OGTT results. This method is a good one in emergency situations
      and in mass screening for diabetes.

PMID- 1101162
TI  - [Normal ultrastructure of the small bronchi and bronchioli in man].
AB  - Ultrastructural topographic and morphological analysis of the small bronchi and
      bronchioli was carried out on selected biopsy specimens obtained from 6 operative
      specimens. The small bronchi had a ciliated cylindrical epithelium identical to
      that in the large bronchi, apart from a smaller number of goblet cells. Their
      reticulin layer was thin (1 to 3 microns). The glands in the submucosa were rare
      whereas there was a rich submucosal vascular network. The lobular bronchioli had
      a ciliated cylindrical epithelium without goblet cells but possessing rare Clara
      cells. The epithelium of the terminal bromchioli was characterized by: 1 - The
      presence of numerous Clara cells, generally grouped in groups of 2 or 3. 2 - The
      appearance on the opposite side of a satellite artery (this side shows alveoli
      first) of cells which we interpreted as pre-ciliated cells. These cells possess a
      range of basal corpuscles under the luminal membrane but do not have cilia. 3 -
      The appearance of small membranous pneumocytes in islets. The epithelium covering
      the smooth wall of the respiratory bronchioles still have a gutter of ciliated
      cells and Clara cells which become thinner towards the periphery. After the
      secondary respiratory bronchioli, there appears in this gutter a new cell type,
      the cubical cells. These cells which have poorly differentiated cytoplasmic
      characteristics, seem to us to be immature bronchial cells, precursors of the
      Clara cells rather than of the ciliated cells. The remainder of the smooth wall
      of the respiratory bronchioli is covered with membranous pneumocytes and, in the
      case of the 3rd order of bronchioli, also by granular pneumocytes. The sub-basal
      reticulin layer is lacking in the terminal and respiratory bronchioli. The total
      thickness of the wall becomes considerably thinner, the muscular layer becoming
      proportionally very thick.

PMID- 1101163
TI  - [Histiocytosis X. Histochemical study of intracytoplasmic lipids. Apropos of 3
      cases].
AB  - Histochemical study combined with differential extractions of lipids from biopsy
      fragments in three cases of eosinophil granuloma reveals a great amount and
      variety of lipidic categories existing in histiocytosis X cells : sterids, fatty
      acids, triacylglycerols, phosphoglycerids, cholino-phospholipids, sphingomyelins,
      glycolipids. Comparison of the lipidic content of histiocytosis X cells and that
      of normal histiocytes, showed a preponderance of cholesterol esters in
      histiocytosis X contrary to the normal macrophages and alteration in
      phospholipidic control of cholesterol esterification. This study confirms that
      the histiocytosis X cells have an active and probably preferential lipid
      metabolism, explaining the frequent xanthomatous changes of the lesions and the
      intense production of various cytoplasmic membranous structures.

PMID- 1101164
TI  - [Cellular and humoral immunity during kidney failure].

PMID- 1101165
TI  - [Automation of extraction in the determination of blood triglyceride].
AB  - A complete automation of the determination of triglycerides is described which
      replaces the manual extraction and the final determination with an autoanalyzer
      chain, based on the method of Royer et al. For the automation of triglyceride
      extraction, we have modified the sampler, by incorporating a magnetic stirrer
      under the sample table. The sample table has two rows of holes. The sera, which
      are taken from the inner row and diluted with sulphuric acid, are reacted
      quantitatively with the extraction reagent in the beakers of the outer row, which
      contain a magnetic follower. After stirring, the upper phase is quantitatively
      removed and the determination is started. The problem of phasing the individual
      steps of the analysis is thus solved.

PMID- 1101166
TI  - Peripheral nervous system involvement in experimental tuberculosis.
AB  - Following intravenous injection of mycobacteria in the mouse the bacilli are
      regularly found in the peripheral nervous system after the 5th day. The
      peripheral nerves and autonomic ganglia are involved at the level of the
      perineural cells and the sheath of Schwann. When the organisms are of low
      virulence (BCG, Mycobacterium intracellulare) the development of the nodules is
      limited. In the case of a virulent strain (Ravenel) extensive granulomas are
      found but epitheloid cells, always found in other organs, are constantly absent.
      In animals previously immunized, the bacilli seem to implant themselves as in the
      controls, but multiply more slowly; the nodules are more infrequent and the
      lymphoid infiltration appears earlier with the multiplication of interstitial
      cells.

PMID- 1101167
TI  - Inhibition of HBsAg immunologic reactivity and intestinal aerobic flora.
AB  - Cultures of human intestinal aerobic flora did not have any inhibiting action on
      the immunologic reactivity of hepatitis B antigen even after disruption of
      bacterial cells by freezing and thawing. This suggests that the inhibitor is
      elaborated by the human intestinal mucosa.

PMID- 1101168
TI  - Cells involved in the immune response. XXIX Establishment of optimal conditions
      for the primary and secondary immune responses by rabbit lymphoid cells in vitro.
AB  - Attempts were made to initiate the primary and secondary humoral immune responses
      to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in vitro as determined by the hemolytic plaque
      forming cell (PFC) response, with cell suspensions prepared from a variety of
      lymphoid organs of the rabbit- thymus, bone marrow, spleen, appendix, sacculus
      rotundus, Peyer's patches, popliteal lymph node and circulating leukocytes. A
      number of different media and gaseous phases were utilized in order to establish
      the optimal conditions for the immune response in vitro. The induction of a
      secondary PFC response was consistently obtained with 'memory' spleen cells
      obtained from rabbits 3-6 months following intravenous immunization with SRBC but
      not with cells of any of the other lymphoid organs, and this response probably
      represents the activity of memory cells which reside in the rabbit spleen. A
      primary response was observed only with 'normal' spleen cells, and the medium
      which faciliated the response was different from that which facilitated the
      induction of the secondary response in vitro. It was also observed, using a
      medium in which normal spleen cells were incapable of generating PFC', that mixed
      cultures of normal spleen and normal appendix or bone marrow cells could give a
      marked PFC reponse in vitro. Whether the PFC response to SRBCs obtained with the
      lymphoid cells of normal, unimmunized rabbits represent a true primary response,
      a  secondary response, or a response of a different nature as a consequence of
      continuous subthreshold immunization of the rabbit with enteric microorganisms
      which cross-react with the antigen, remains to be determined. However, out
      initial successes with cultures consisting of cells of at least two distinct
      lymphoid organs in cases where the cells of any one of these organs could not
      respond, suggest that interaction of at least two functionally distinct cells is
      required and that the repsonse observed in vitro is probably a primary immune
      response.

PMID- 1101169
TI  - Tropical sprue: subclinical and idiopathic enteropathy.

PMID- 1101170
TI  - Pathologist and histotechnologist: a marriage in need of counseling.
AB  - The general level of histotechnology in this country is alarmingly low. Surgical
      pathology, a difficult field, is made doubly so by poorly prepared sections. The
      blame for this must rest in part on the pathologist because of his ignorance of
      histologic procedures, his acceptance of shoddy work, and his lack of interest in
      seeing that bright young people are enticed into the field and that adequate
      training facilities and career opportunities are available to them. Today we are
      asked to perform increasingly complex procedures, and if we are to meet this
      challenge, as well as perform our duties in pathologic anatomy to the best of our
      ability, it is essential that we rapidly change our attitude.

PMID- 1101171
TI  - Malignant lymphomas: current classification and new observations.

PMID- 1101172
TI  - Pathogenesis of teratoid tumors of the ovary and testis.
AB  - Based upon a representative sample of testicular tumors studied at the Armed
      Forces Institute of Pathology, several testicular and ovarian tumors observed in
      Denver, pertinent papers in the literature, and the singular thesis of Chevassu
      on tumors of the testis, the pathogenesis of such neoplasms is elaborated. The
      findings are philosophical, speculative, and established. Man is a multicellular
      individual to be regarded as a vehicle for the transmission of unicellular
      organisms or germ cells from one generation to the next. These cells remain
      distinct from somatic and trophoblastic cells. The mature human female not only
      tolerates the normal expression of the fertilized ovum during pregnancy (sex
      cells, blastoderm, and trophoblast) but also seems capable of greater
      differentiation of immature somatic cells resulting from parthenogenesis of one
      or more ova into cells of the three germ layers, as well as the suppression of
      the growth of neoplastic sex cells and trophoblast cells, with benign cystic
      teratoma as the most common culmination. The preponderance of malignant teratoid
      tumors before sexual maturity is a corollary. In contrast, the human male is not
      equipped with organizers postulated for the human female and thus is unable to
      differentiate malignant immature somatic cells, the most common cancerous element
      in testicular tumors. The explanation for such neoplasms must be on the basis of
      segregation of such cells and abnormal spermatogonia or less often trophoblastic
      cells in the embryo, with later expression as neoplastic cells, since
      spermatogonia and progeny are unable to form a new individual. To paraphrase
      Wilms, the statement may be made that malignant testicular and ovarian tumors of
      teratoid type are related, despite their different microscopic appearance, to a
      common form. They differ only in the quality, not in the quantity, of the
      different tissues comprising them. These tumors contain neoplastic blastodermic
      cells and differentiated cells of the three germ layers, neoplastic sex cells,
      and neoplastic trophoblastic cells. The cells of these tumors and the tissues
      they form resemble very nearly the tissues of the human embryo with nonaxial
      formation of alimentary and respiratory structures in many instances. The notable
      frequency of variably differentiated neural elements in the teratoids tumors of
      the ovary is in sharp contrast to their uncommon occurrence in like tumors of the
      testis. Dysgenesis of the ovaries and the testes of testicular feminization
      syndrome should be regarded as likely soil for the development of teratoid
      tumors.

PMID- 1101173
TI  - Crescenteric glomerulonephritis: occurrence, mechanisms, and prognosis.

PMID- 1101174
TI  - Idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy: a clinicopathologic study.
AB  - The clinical and pathologic features of a group of 62 infants dying of idiopathic
      calcific arterial disease were reviewed. The disease most commonly occurs in
      infants less than 6 months of age. Pathologically, it is characterized by
      calcific deposits along the internal elastic membrane of arteries accompanied by
      fibrous thickening of the intima which causes luminal narrowing. The arterial
      lesions are widespread but the resultant luminal narrowing invariably promotes
      myocardial ischemia, causing the infants' deaths. A definite tendency of the
      disease to occur in siblings has been noted, but additional patterns of
      inheritance are not yet apparent. Clinical diagnosis is feasible with radiologic
      study of arteries of the head, neck, and extremities. There is a similarity of
      idiopathic calcific arterial disease of infancy to the arterial lesions of
      metastatic calcification in severe renal disease, calcific arterial lesions noted
      in conjunction with certain cardiovascular anomalies, and hypervitaminosis D.
      Certain experimental situations and toxic states can also produce calcific and
      proliferative vascular lesions.

PMID- 1101175
TI  - Symposium on behavioral pediatrics. Enuresis.

PMID- 1101176
TI  - Management problems of mentally retarded children and their families.
AB  - Pediatricians faced with the difficult task of providing management services to
      mentally retarded children and their families are confronted with a number of
      difficult problems. These range all the way from deciding how to inform parents
      that their child is retarded to dealing with grandparents who are a source of
      stress. Successful handling of these problems requires a recognition that
      management is central to the care of the mentally retarded child. The needs of
      mentally retarded children and their families will not be met by interacting with
      families only around issues of acute physical illness. Attention must be directed
      toward psychosocial as well as medical variables and the emphasis must be on the
      total family system.

PMID- 1101177
TI  - Common sexual problems of children and adolescents.
AB  - The pediatrician is often expected by families to deal with sexual problems of
      children and adolescents. The physician should be able to identify problems and
      to guide parents in more meaningful communication and education of their
      children. Hopefully, he will be able to identify family conflicts and make the
      appropriate intervention or referral. He should be aware of his own sexual
      attitudes so as to avoid having his bias interfere with treatment. The childs
      behavior should not be isolated, but considered in the context of his family, his
      peers, and his own growth and development. Often, it is more useful to advise the
      family than to work with a young child. Adolescents present particular problems
      because of their conflicts over sexual identity, their reluctance to admit to
      problems, and frequently a mistrust of adults. They often feel a need for a
      trusting relationship with an adult, however, and are able to relate to a
      sensitive, non-judgmental professional.

PMID- 1101178
TI  - Behavior problems in early childhood.

PMID- 1101179
TI  - Symposium on behavioral pediatrics. Juvenile delinquency.
AB  - The pediatrician's first step in responding to delinquent behavior is to make a
      differential diagnosis between sociological, characterological and neurotic
      delinquency. Sociological delinquency consists of subculturally sanctioned
      illegal activity by youngsters who are psychologically well-adjusted members of
      their peer group, and its treatment depends primarily on prevention through
      social action programs rather than on the intervention of the clinical
      practitioner. Characterological delinquency reflects a serious and long-standing
      personality disorder marked by aggressive and impulsive behavior and a lack of
      attachment to or consideration for others, and its treatment requires extensive
      psychotherapy, often in a residential setting. Neurotic delinquency involves
      uncharacteristic misbehavior of recent origin that represents an attempt to
      communicate unrecognized needs for attention or help, and it can often be treated
      effectively with short-term psychotherapy.

PMID- 1101180
TI  - Behavioral pediatrics and the practicing pediatrician.

PMID- 1101181
TI  - Child abuse; principles and implications of current pediatric practice.

PMID- 1101182
TI  - Decreased bactericidal activity of leukocytes of stressed newborn infants.
AB  - Previous studies have established that leukocyte phagocytosis and intracellular
      killing are normal in term and low-birthweight newborns who are well. To
      determine the effect of stress or illness on newborn leukocyte function, the
      phagocytic and bactericidal activity of leukocytes from 40 sick newborns was
      compared with that of leukocytes from 12 newborns and 23 normal adults. To
      eliminate abnormal phagocytosis resulting from serum opsonic defects in newborn
      sera, pooled adult sera were used in all assays. Twenty-five of the 40 stressed
      newborns (63%) had decreased in vitro activity against either Staphylococcus
      aureus 502A or Escherichia coli, or both, compared with decreased activity in two
      of 12 well infants (17%) and in four of 23 adult controls (17%). The mean
      bactericidal activity (percentage of organisms killed after two hours) of
      leukocytes from stressed newborns against S. aureus (83% +/- 2 [SEM]) and E.
      coli. (87% +/- 4 [SEM]) was significantly less than in the combined well infant
      and adult control group (94% +/- 1 for S. aureus and 97% +/- .5 for E. coli).
      Although the more severely ill infants had an increased incidence of impaired
      antibacterial activity, the degree of impairment was not related to the severity
      of illness. No consistent relationship of decreased activity to birthweight,
      gestational age, age when studied, or specific diagnosis was seen. The leukocyte
      abnormality in stressed infants against S. aureus was principally a killing
      defect, while against E. coli both phagocytosis and killing were abnormal. This
      study indicates that a wide variety of neonatal disorders may affect one or more
      of the steps required for normal bacterial killing. The lability of leukocytic
      antibacterial function under stress is an additional mechanism for the newborn's
      increased susceptibility to infection.

PMID- 1101183
TI  - [Deceased in Rome, May 14, 1975, Professor Arrigo Colarizi, professor in the
      Pediatric Clinic of the University of Rome].

PMID- 1101184
TI  - [Supraventricular tachycardia of the newborn with fetoplacental anasarca].

PMID- 1101185
TI  - [Infantile gastroenteritis: a new viral agent, the rotavirus].

PMID- 1101186
TI  - Human figure drawing characteristics related to juvenile delinquents.
AB  - Human figure drawings were scored on seven characteristics popularly attributed
      to juvenile delinquents, i.e., head size, shading, and three indicators of
      emotional conflict, i.e., transparencies, omissions, and erasures. Ss were
      adolescents incarcerated at training schools. Delinquency was defined in terms of
      MMPI profiles associated with delinquency rather than by social-legal or medical
      diagnostic classification. The results fail to support popular hypotheses
      concerning human figure drawings of delinquents. Delinquents drew significantly
      more transparencies; however, no other emotional indicator was significant. It
      was concluded that little support exists for hypotheses concerning human figure
      drawings of delinquents and drawings should be used with caution in the clinical
      assessment of a delinquent's personality.

PMID- 1101187
TI  - Human figure drawings of learning disabled and normal children at three age
      levels.

PMID- 1101188
TI  - Sleep during Transcendental Meditation.
AB  - Electroencephalograms (EEGs) and DC electrooculograms (EOGs) were recorded during
      Transcendental Meditation periods for 8 experienced Ss. The records, scored blind
      showed that all but 2 Ss spent considerable portions of their meditation periods
      in unambiguous physiological sleep.

PMID- 1101189
TI  - Piaget's theory and exceptional children: a bibliography, 1963-1973.

PMID- 1101190
TI  - Hemispheric factors and scanning dynamics in the processing of briefly exposed
      stimuli by human subjects: bibliography.

PMID- 1101191
TI  - A new method for toilet training developmentally disabled children.
AB  - 20 profoundly retarded children (4 to 12 yr.) were trained, using a variety of
      relaxation and tension activities designed to help them differentiate and gain
      control of the toileting musculature. Operant techniques were used to reinforce
      appropriate urination. The post-training scores of the experimental and control
      groups differed significantly for both accidental and appropriate urination.

PMID- 1101192
TI  - A perspective in time.

PMID- 1101193
TI  - The discovery of angiotensin.

PMID- 1101194
TI  - A new perspective on cholesterol metabolism in man.

PMID- 1101195
TI  - A 1964 perspective on homotransplantation.

PMID- 1101196
TI  - Freud, Jung, and Paracelsus: historical reflections.

PMID- 1101197
TI  - [Bone lesions of malignant lymphoma (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101198
TI  - Prostaglandin induced parturition in swine with some aspects on prevention of the
      MMA (metritis, mastitis, agalactia) syndrome.
AB  - The effect of PGF2alpha to induce parturition in sows was studied in two herds.
      In one herd with a total number of 150 sows and with a good health status 12 sows
      were injected intramuscularly with 12.5 mg PGF2alpha during late pregnancy (110-
      114 days). During the same period 12 sows were treated intramuscularly with
      saline solution at corresponding gestation stage. The results are given in Tables
      I and II. The mean age calculated as number of litters was 2.6 in the
      experimental group and 4.3 in the control group. All sows treated with PGF2alpha
      farrowed within 30 hours after injection at an average time of 25.4 hours. The
      controls farrowed at an average 80.2 hours after injection. The mean farrowing
      time was 4.4 hours for the PG-treated sows while the corresponding figure for the
      controls was 6.6 hours. The litter size at birth, after 3 weeks and at weaning
      was somewhat higher in the experimental group. The same applies to the litter
      weight at the age of 3 weeks. The course of parturition was normal in all sows
      and the health condition during lactation was good. In another herd -- numbering
      18 sows -- all sows which hade farrowed during the last 4 months before the
      present investigation, had developed the Mastitis-Metritis-Agalactia syndrome
      (MMA). The symptoms were a prolonged gestation length (116--117 days), fever,
      mastitis and agalactia. During the present study 3 sows were left untreated while
      5 sows were given an intramuscular injection with 12.5 mg PGF2alpha during late
      pregnancy (112--114 days). Four of the five PG-treated sows farrowed within 32
      hours, while the fifth sow farrowed 100 hours after injection. The sow not
      responding to the PG-treatment and the untreated sows all developed MMA while the
      four sows responding to treatment remained healthy. The gestation length in
      treated sows responding to treatment was 113--115 days. In the sows developing
      MMA the gestation length was 116--117 days. The potential effect for prevention
      of MMA of shortening the gestation length in this herd is discussed.

PMID- 1101199
TI  - Peter Ludwig Panum (1820--1885).

PMID- 1101200
TI  - [Presence of teeth and dentures in the adult population in Norway 1973].

PMID- 1101201
TI  - [Comparative trials of various therapeutics relating to cerebral vessels].

PMID- 1101202
TI  - [Letter: Rast: radio-allergo-sorbent test. What is determined when using it].

PMID- 1101204
TI  - [Importance of medical glossaries today].

PMID- 1101203
TI  - [Letter: Test using propranolol. Clinical value for the study of the asthmatic
      diathesis].

PMID- 1101205
TI  - [Sylvain Blondin (1901-1975)].

PMID- 1101206
TI  - [Immunofluorescence study of bacteriuria. A new technic for the localization of
      urinary infection].
AB  - The detection by immunofluorescence of immunoglobulins fixed to the wall of
      urinary bacteria makes it possible to localise the site of the urinary infection.
      The presence of immunoglobulins was noted in 18 out of 19 patients with a high
      urinary tract infection involving the renal parenchyma. They were absent in 25
      out of 28 subjects with a lower urinary tract infection. The three apparently
      discordant positive reaction involved 1 case of prostatitis and two cases in
      which the diagnosis of pyelonephritis was made later. In the case of renal
      involvement, these immunoglobulins, essentially IgG, are seen with greater
      frequency than humoral antibodies. Whilst the biological significance of these
      immunoglobulins remains uncertain, their existence probably being a reflection of
      parenchymatous inflammation, this nevertheless is a new and, apparently,
      reliable, method for the determination of the site of an infective process.

PMID- 1101207
TI  - [Surgical treatment of the non suppurated sacrococcygeal cyst. Technical
      improvements].
AB  - Some justified technical improvements have been made to the method of treatment
      for non-infected and sacro-coccygienally located "pilo-nidal". The absence of
      tension due to the use of a rotational autoplasty and the drying of the residual
      cavity by an efficient aspirative drainage are the means essentially employed.

PMID- 1101208
TI  - [Letter: The acute pulmonary edema of ischemic cardiopathies. Emergency treatment
      by administration per os of a nitro derivative].

PMID- 1101209
TI  - [Letter: Cranioplasty by double rib grafts. The method of protective lattice
      work].

PMID- 1101210
TI  - [Letter: Immunocytochemical (peroxidase) identification of digestive plasmocytes
      on fragments fixed in Bouin's solution].

PMID- 1101211
TI  - [Incidence and nature of bone tumors. 25 years' experience in an orthopedic
      department].

PMID- 1101212
TI  - [Treatment of arteriovenous fistulas and of aneurysms using an inflatable and
      releasable balloon. Experimental principles. Application to man].
AB  - The authors have perfected a technique making possible the percutaneous
      introduction of a balloon filled with hydrosoluble iodine and releasable, either
      in an arteriovenous fistula or in an aneurysm. Experimental jugulo-carotid
      fistulae and experimental aneurysms in the dog were treated in this way. The
      technique has been used in two human patients - one with a traumatic caverno
      carotid fistula and the other with a complicated vertebral fistula.

PMID- 1101213
TI  - [Action of metopimazine on gastric motility. Double-blind study using external
      digestive electromyography].

PMID- 1101214
TI  - [Pleuro-pulmonary staphylococcal infection due to heterogenous resistant
      staphylococcus aureus. Role of the medical bacteriological laboratory].

PMID- 1101215
TI  - [Pedal arteriovenous shunt in the treatment of trophic disorders of ulcero
      mutilating acropathy].

PMID- 1101216
TI  - [Action of tobacco smoke on the alveolar macrophage. Recent data].

PMID- 1101217
TI  - [Letter: Chronic familial granulomatosis. Treatment using bone marrow graft (1
      case)].

PMID- 1101218
TI  - [Letter: Arthritis of the knee healed after dental avulsion].

PMID- 1101219
TI  - [Letter: Tracheobronchial fistula. An exceptional complication of hematemesis
      therapy using a Linton catheter].

PMID- 1101220
TI  - [Current problems of data processing in clinical nuclear medicine. Symposium of
      Rhine-Westphalian Society for Nuclear Medicine in Bonn, Dezember 7, 1974].
AB  - Practical aspects of the use of computer systems in Nuclear Medicine were
      discussed in a symposium sponsored by the "Rheinisch-Westfalische Gesellschaft
      fur Nuklearmedizin" which was held at Bonn in December '74. In the opening
      session the president of the Society, Prof. Winkler (Bonn), gave a brief survey
      upon the development of data processing procedures for radionuclide diagnostics.
      He pointed out that at present computer application is not only of essential
      significance for camera scintigraphy but also for most of the other test methods
      as well as for the solution of organizing problems when running departments of
      Nuclear Medicine. For the performance of all these tasks and also for scientific
      purposes a special process control computer system has been developed in the
      Institute of Nuclear Medicine at the University of Bonn. A detailed description
      of this system was given by R. Knopp (Bonn). He emphasized in his paper that the
      rather bulky Bonn System, which consists of a dual computer (Siemens 305/306) and
      an extensive operating system, can not be regarded as a standard device for
      routine use in hospitals. However, on the basis of experiences which have been
      gathered on hand of the research system in Bonn efforts are in full activity for
      developing a compact Nuclear Medicine Computer system (CNMCS) suitable for the
      application within departments of any size. The CNMCS (which will be commercially
      available in the near future) is based on a 64 K, 16 bit central unit with a
      highly flexible operating system which permits a simultaneous multi user
      application of the computer. For CNMCS a comprehensive user software package will
      be at the clinician's disposal which can be easily handled.

PMID- 1101221
TI  - A chemical approach to studies of the three-dimensional structure of tRNA -
      alkylation with a reagent covalently bound to a "peculiar site'.
AB  - Yeast valine tRNA1 was chemically modified with chlorambucil N-hydroxysuccinimide
      ester. tthe reagent was attached covalently to the valine residue of valyl
      tRNA1Val under the conditions which prevented tRNA from alkylation.
      Chlorambucilyl-valyl-tRNA1Val thus obtained was separated from excess reagent and
      incubated in an aqueous solution at neutral pH in the presence of Mg++ions.
      Highly efficient intramolecular self-alkylation of chlorambucilyl-valyl-tRNA1Val
      took place. The chlorambucil residue bound covalently to the amino group of the
      valine residue of tRNA1Val alkylates the 5'-terminal phosphate group of the
      molecule, and its 3'-terminal sequence -A-C-C-A.

PMID- 1101223
TI  - Specificity of deoxyribonucleic acid transmethylase induced by bacteriophage T2.
      I. Nucleotide sequences isolated from tmicrococcus luteus DNA methylated in
      vitro.
AB  - (Deoxyribonucleic acid from Micrococcus luteus was methylated in vitro in the
      presence of S-adenosyl-(14C methyl)methionine with a DNA methyltransferase
      purified from extracts of te. coli infected with bacteriophage T2. The labelled
      DNA was degraded by enzymatic and specific chemical methods and the resulting
      short oligonucleotides were separated and characterized. tthe analytical data
      permit the conclusion that the tdna transmethylase reacts specifically with N-G-A
      T-C-N sequences in which it converts adenine to a 6-methyl-aminopurine residue.

PMID- 1101222
TI  - A model for chromatin structure.
AB  - A model for chromatin structure is presented. (a) Each of four histone species,
      H2A (IIbl or f2a2), H2B (IIb2 or f2b), H3 (III or f3) and H4 (IV or f2al) can
      form a parallel dimer. (b) These dimers can form two tetramers, (H2A)2(H2b)2 and
      (H3)2(H4)2. (C) These two tetramers bind a segment of DNA and condense it into a
      "C" segments. (d) The adjacent segments, termed extended or "E" segments, are
      bound by histone H1 (I or fl) for the major fraction of chromatin; the other "E"
      regions can be either bound by non-histone proteins or free of protein binding.
      (e) The binding of histones causes a structural distortion of the DNA which,
      depending upon the external conditions, may generate the formation of either an 
      open structure with a heterogeneous and non-uniform supercoil or a compact
      structure with a string of beads. The model is supported by experimental data on
      histone-histone interaction, histone-DNA interaction and histone subunit-DNA
      interaction.

PMID- 1101224
TI  - tRNA tertiary structure in solution as probed by the photochemically induced 8-13
      cross-link.
AB  - The conformation of ten purified tRNAs from Escherichia Coli has been
      investigated by means of the photo-induced cross-linking of 4Srd8 and Cyd13,
      which is sensitive to the juxtaposition of the two bases. Three tRNAs photo-react
      abnormally slowly; tRNAPhe, tRNAMet/m a and tRNAVal/2; a comparison with normally
      reacting species suggests that base 47 (Urd or modified Urd) is involved in a
      tertiary interaction in Class I tRNAs with the triplet 8, 14, 28. The UGA
      suppressor tRNATrp photoreacts significantly slower than the wild type. Thus the
      single base change Gua 24 to Ade induces a conformational change that alters the
      rate constant for the cross-linking reaction.

PMID- 1101225
TI  - Utilization of an Escherichia coli mutant for carbon-13 enrichment of tRNA for
      NMR studies.
AB  - The enrichment of tRNA at specific sites with carbon-13 has been accomplished in
      vivo using a mutant of Escherichia coli. A relaxed strain of E. coli auxotrophic
      for methionine was grown in a specifically defined medium supplemented with
      either [14C] or [13C]-methyl labeled methionine. Cells were collected at the end
      of the log-phase of growth and tRNA was extracted. Analysis of the radioactivity
      of the [14C]-labeled tRNA established an incorporation ratio of three labeled
      carbons per tRNA molecule. Incorporation of the [14C]-label in vivo was confined
      to the methylation of nucleotides as determined by thin layer chromatography of
      nucleotides resulting from a ribonuclease digestion of [14C]-labeled tRNA. The
      carbon-13 NMR spectrum of [13C]-enriched tRNA indicated a similar degree of
      incorporation into the methylated nucleotides by the substantial enhancement of
      [13C]-methyl NMR signals only. Assignment of signals has been made for the methyl
      groups of ribothymidine and N7-methylguanosine in E. coli tRNA.

PMID- 1101226
TI  - Misincorporation of (TP during transcription of poly dAT-dAT and poly dABU-dABU.
AB  - The synthetic DNA alternating copolymers poly dAT-dAT and dABU-dABU have been
      transcribed with E. coli RNA polymerase to measure the level of BrdU-induced
      misincorporation of guanine during transcription. GTP is found to be
      misincorporated into both copolymers at a frequency of 1 per 1000-2000
      nucleotides polymerized. Using alpha-32P-GTP, the nearest neighbors to GMP are
      found to be UMP (approximately 63%), GMP (approximately 25%) and AMP
      (approximately 17%), with no apparent difference between the two templates. These
      results suggest that BrdU-substitution in DNA does not necessarily increase the
      potential for base mispairing during transcription, and hence, promote the
      production of faulty RNA molecules.

PMID- 1101227
TI  - Analysis by isopycnic centrifugation of isolated nucleoids of Escherichia coli.
AB  - The isolated, formaldehyde-fixed nucleoid of E. coli has been analyzed by
      isopycnic centrifugation in CsCl density gradients. The membrane-free nucleoid
      bands at a density of 1.69 +/- 0.02 g/cm3. The membrane-associated nucleoid bands
      at a density of 1.46 +/- 0.02 g/cm3. Both species sediment to equilibrium as
      nearly monodisperse bands in CsCl, suggesting that the nucleoid components of
      DNA, RNA and protein are present in relatively constant ratios. These ratios are
      constant regardless of the position of the nucleoids in the heterogeneous
      sedimentation profile of a preparative sucrose gradient. The fixed nucleoids
      remain condensed during isopycnic centrifugation and there is no detectable loss
      of RNA from the nucleoid.

PMID- 1101228
TI  - RNA nicking activity associated with DNA ligase of T4 infected E. coli:
      properties and influence on in vitro reactions of ligase.
AB  - Highly purified DNA ligase from T4 infected E. coli displays an RNA nicking
      activity which cleaves endonucleolytically the RNA of ribo-desoxy-and ribo-ribo
      type doublestranded structures to oligonucleotides with 5'phosphoryl-and
      3'hydroxy termini. In the presence of ATP the generated nicks are repaired by the
      ligase except at the ends of the doublestranded regions where some short
      oligonucleotides are released before ligation can occur. As judged from its
      behaviour during the various purification steps and from some of its properties,
      the nicking activity seems to be different from known nicking enzymes.

PMID- 1101229
TI  - Atomic co-ordinates for yeast phenylalanine tRNA.
AB  - Atomic coordinates are presented for yeast tRNA(Phe) derived from a wire skeletal
      model fitted to an electron density map at 2.5 A resolution obtained by
      isomorphous replacement.

PMID- 1101230
TI  - Diploma programs in nursing accredited by the NLN Sept. 16, 1975-Sept. 15, 1976.

PMID- 1101231
TI  - Pediatric surgical patients' and parents' stress responses and adjustment as a
      function of psychologic preparation and stress-point nursing care.
AB  - The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that children who receive
      systematic psychologic preparation and continued supportive care, in contrast to
      those who do not, would show less upset behavior and more cooperation in the
      hospital and fewer post-hospital adjustment problems and that their parents would
      be less anxious and more satisfied with information and care received. Eighty
      children scheduled for minor surgery and their parents were randomly assigned to
      experimental and control conditions. The experimental intervention consisted of
      accurate information about sequences of events, sensory experiences, role
      expectations and appropriate responses, previews of procedures through play
      techniques, and supportive care given at critical points pre- and
      postoperatively. Significant differences between experimental and control
      children and parents on ratings of upset behavior, cooperation with procedures,
      pulse before and after painful procedures, resistance to induction, time to first
      voiding, posthospital adjustment, and parental anxiety and satisfaction with
      information and care consistently supported the hypotheses. Results were also
      analyzed in relation to the age and sex of the children and whether parents
      roomed with the children.

PMID- 1101232
TI  - Letter: Historical materials in Nursing.

PMID- 1101233
TI  - Analysis of nurse-doctorates; data collected for the International Directory of
      Nurses with Doctoral Degrees.
AB  - In an American Nurses' Foundation survey of the 1973 population of nurses with
      doctoral degrees (N = 1,020) general trends in doctoral education of nurses were
      elicited. Specific unique characteristics were highlighted, including: a
      continuing trend for nurses to earn the Ph.D. rather than the Ed.D., a divergence
      between field of doctoral study and the current field of research interest, and a
      slight number of these qualified nurses actually participating in research of any
      kind. The majority of subjects were single; most were employed in a university or
      college where they held either full or associate professorships; most considered
      themselves still to be in the field of nursing, although their doctoral studies
      frequently took them out of the discipline; their work responsibilities were
      heavily loaded with administrative duties. As compared with the holders of
      doctoral degrees in other fields, nurses earned their degrees later, but took no
      longer to complete them. While universities in the Mid-Atlantic states were the
      largest producers of nurse-doctorates, universities in the Midwest were found to
      be the most frequent employers. Questions regarding the future direction of nurse
      doctorates were raised.

PMID- 1101234
TI  - Letter: The nursing archives at the national library of medicine.

PMID- 1101235
TI  - Kidney transplantation; especially in pediatric patients.

PMID- 1101236
TI  - [Goblet cells in spontaneous colibacteriosis in pigs].
AB  - This work is a part of the studies on the intestinal barrier undertaken to cast
      some more light on the pathogenesis of colibacteriosis in pigs. The objective of
      the work was to investigate the goblet cells in the intestines of pigs ill with
      spontaneous colibacteriosis in the form of oedema disease and gastrointestinal
      form. The investigations were carried out on 26 pigs segregated into 3 groups: I
      group -- typical oedema disease (12 pigs), II group -- colibacteriosis in the
      gastrointestinal form (8 pigs), III group -- healthy controls (6 pigs). The
      segregation into the first two groups was based on the clinical, pathological and
      bacteriological criteria. In all the animals, the number of the goblet cells was
      counted in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon. The results, analysed
      statistically, showed that in spontaneous colibacteriosis (oedema disease as well
      as the gastrointestinal form) a slight decrease of the number of the goblet cells
      was observed. In oedema disease, this decrease is significant only in the
      epithelium of the jejunal villi and in that of the colon, in the gastrointestinal
      form -- in the duodenal and jejunal villi. It results from the present
      investigations that the goblet cells, as one of the factors of the intestinal
      barrier, are not liable to such changes in spontaneous colibacteriosis as to
      explain or cast light on the pathogenesis of this disease.

PMID- 1101237
TI  - [The nucleus cervicalis lateralis in sheep].
AB  - The objective of the work was to determine: a) the presence of the nucleus
      cervicalis lateralis in the sheep, b) the extent of this nucleus in the spinal
      cord and medulla oblongata, and c)the number and size of its cells. The
      histological method of staining the nerve tissue with methylene blue according to
      Nissl was employed. The nucleus cervicalis lateralis of the sheep is situated in
      the lateral funiculus, in the caudal part of the medulla oblongata and in the
      first three cervical segments of the spinal cord. The total number of cells
      making up the studied nucleus was 1629 in sheep I, 678 in sheep II, and 732 in
      sheep III. The average size of the cells ranged between 18.0 and 28.0 mu. In
      comparison with the same nucleus examined in other animals, that of the sheep
      shows a number of cell-free areas. It is composed of a very small number of
      cells, whose average diameter is small. These characteristics make it possible to
      regard the nucleus cervicalis lateralis in the sheep as a rudimentary structure.

PMID- 1101238
TI  - [Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with renal failure].

PMID- 1101239
TI  - [100th anniversary of the foundation of the Lublin Medical Society].

PMID- 1101240
TI  - [Modern views on acupuncture].

PMID- 1101241
TI  - [Development of somatic health care in psychiatric hospitals in Poland].

PMID- 1101242
TI  - Release of a prostaglandin E-like substance into mixed venous blood during
      endotoxin hypotension in cats.
AB  - An iv injection of E. coli endotoxin (10--15 mg/kg) produced biphasic hypotensive
      reaction in cats. The second phase of hypotension developed 5--10 min after the
      administration of endotoxin and was paralleled by an appearance of a substance
      contracting the chick rectum and rat colon which were bathed in mixed venous
      blood. On the basis of differential sensitivity of the assay organs to
      prostaglandins it was concluded that a prostaglandin E-like substance (PGEs) was
      released. Its peak concentration in blood was 1--3-5 ng/ml in terms of PGE2-like
      activity. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg) interrupted the liberation of PGEs into blood
      and at the same time a slow but steady increase in arterial blood pressure
      occured. The amelioration of endotoxin hypotension by indomethacin was abolished
      by an infusion of PGE2 at a rate of 20--100 ng/kg/min. It is suggested that the
      second phase of endotoxin hypotension in cats is mediated by a release of PGEs.

PMID- 1101243
TI  - [Clinico-morphological classification of testicular neoplasms].

PMID- 1101244
TI  - Reduction of airborne microorganisms by filtering recycled air in a chick
      hatcher.
AB  - An experimental chick hatcher designed to filter recycled ventilation air was
      tested for its effectiveness in reducing the number of viable airborne
      microorganisms. Chicks in a filtered hatcher and a control hatcher (no filter)
      were artificially contaminated with Serratia marcescens as ventilation air was
      recycled in the hatchers for twelve hours. The number of viable S. marcescens
      particles in the filtered air of the conditioning chamber was less than
      detectable. The number of viable airborne S. marcescens particles in the hatching
      chamber of the filtered hatcher indicated a reduction of greater than 90 percent
      over the number in the unfiltered hatcher. The filter was effective in reducing
      the number of airborne particles carrying viable S. marcescens organisms in the
      hatcher.

PMID- 1101245
TI  - Effect of filtering recycled air in a chick hatcher on airborne pathogenic
      microorganisms.
AB  - Two experimental chick hatchers in which ventilation air within the hatcher was
      partially recirculated in a positive pressure system, one with an air filter in
      the system and the other without a filter, were simultaneously tested to
      determine effect of the filter on quantitative reduction of viable airborne
      microorganisms. Chicks were artificially contaminated with either Escherichia
      coli or Staphylococcus aureus (coagulase-positive). Air was sampled for total
      test bacteria per cubic foot of hatcher air. The filter effectively reduced the
      number of viable airborne particles contaminated with E. coli and S. aureus
      contributed by chicks in the hatcher.

PMID- 1101246
TI  - Birds and hazards to health.

PMID- 1101247
TI  - Idoxuridine in the treatment of herpes zoster.
AB  - An uncontrolled, double-blind, random-selection study of fifty consecutive
      patients with attacks of herpes zoster treated with one of two concentrations (5
      per cent or 40 per cent) of idoxuridine (IDU) in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) has
      shown that, over all, the patients fared better than would have been expected had
      they been treated only symptomatically. There was no apparent difference between
      the two concentrations of idoxuridine in regard to either side-effects or
      benefits. In 17 of the fifty patients the skin lesions healed more rapidly than
      would have been expected without treatment, and pain was relieved more rapidly
      than expected in 26 of the 47 patients in whom it was a feature of the attack.
      Side-effects, which included a transient stinging or burning sensation in 29
      patients and acute sensitivity to idoxuridine (confirmed by patch-testing) in
      one, did not lead to withdrawal of any patient from the trial. Three patients
      complained of an unpleasant, garlicky taste during treatment. No significant
      abnormalities were noted in liver-function tests and in white-cell or platelet
      counts in patients in either treatment group. The solutions of idoxuridine in
      dimethyl sulphoxide were provided by W.B. Pharmaceutical Ltd.

PMID- 1101248
TI  - A combination of anti-anxiety drugs: a report from the General Practitioner
      Research Group.

PMID- 1101249
TI  - 'I only belong to the king'. Sir William Knighton, M.D. (1776-1836).

PMID- 1101250
TI  - The principles and practice of immunization.

PMID- 1101251
TI  - The control of diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, rubella and mumps.

PMID- 1101252
TI  - Granulation in chronic leg ulcers. A trial with a new material.
AB  - Twenty-two patients with chronic ulcers of the lower limb were treated with
      'Varihesive', a modified form of 'Stomahesive'. The results showed that
      granulation was stimulated by the dressing, and no side-effects were encountered.
      The treatment is considered to be a useful adjunct to routine supportive
      measures. I should like to thank E.R. Squibb & Sons for providing the material
      for this study.

PMID- 1101253
TI  - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 1859-1930.

PMID- 1101254
TI  - Isolation of DNA from yeast by chromatography on hydroxyapatite.
AB  - A simple procedure is described for isolation of purified non degraded total DNA
      from yeast cells. The procedure involves conversion of the cells into
      spheroplasts by enzymatic treatment, lysis of the spheroplasts in 8 M urea - 0.24
      M sodium phosphate buffer - 0.01 M EDTA (ethylendiamintetraacetic acid, sodium
      salt) - 1% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulphate), deproteinization of the lysate with
      chloroform-phenol and separation of the DNA from proteins, RNA and other
      contaminants by hydroxyapatite chromatography. The yield is about 90% of the DNA
      in the starting material (spheroplasts).

PMID- 1101255
TI  - Fragments of beta-galactosidase from Escherichia coli. Fragmentation,
      purification, characterization and in vitro complementation.
AB  - Thermal fragmentation of the beta-galactosidase was studied in different buffer
      solutions and at different temperatures. Fragmentation of the subunits in small
      size polypeptides could be observed directly. The fragmentation proceeded in
      buffer solution, pH 7.0, at either 75 degrees C or 100 degrees C in the presence
      of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The elevated temperature appeared to accelerate this
      process. At 100 degrees C, pH 7.2, the fragmentation proceeded in the absence of
      sodium dodecyl sulfate, but in the presence of 8 M urea. Molecular weights,
      determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate disc gel electrophoresis were from 130,000
      to about 20,000. Multiple bands were observed. After dissociation was complete at
      37 degrees C, the fragments were purified by ion-exchange column chromatography.
      Of the five fragments thus obtained, four were homogeneous by disc-gel
      electrophoresis. Molecular weight of the homogeneous fragments were found to be
      near 25,000. The fifth comprised a mixture of four fragments having molecular
      weights from 29,000 to 72,000. Two of the fragments were active as the alpha
      donor in in vitro complementation with mutant M15, which contains a deletion in
      the alpha-region of the z gene.

PMID- 1101256
TI  - The Paul H. Hoch Award lecture: Progress toward an understanding of the
      biological substrates of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1101257
TI  - Genetic aspects of catecholamine synthesis.

PMID- 1101258
TI  - In vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of
      Escherichia coli by bacteriophage-T7-induced protein kinase.
AB  - After infection with bacteriophage T7 the beta' and to a lesser extent the beta
      subunits of E. coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA
      nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6) are phosphorylated by a phage-gene-encoded
      protein kinase (ATP:protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.37). The phosphorylation
      occurs on threonine residues and appears site-specific. It is probably the
      molecular basis of the early transcriptional control.

PMID- 1101259
TI  - Proton nuclear magnetic resonance of spin-labeled Escherichia coli tRNAf1MET.
AB  - Thiouridine at position 8 (s4U8) of tRNAf1Met was spin-labeled with the nitroxide
      free radical, N-(1-oxyl-2,2,5,5-Tetramethyl-3-pyrrolidinyl) bromacetamide, for
      proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies. The well-resolved methyl
      peak of ribothymidine is unperturbed, but the peak tentatively assigned to the C
      5 methylene group of dihydrouridine is considerably broadened in spin-labeled
      tRNAf1Met. Of the approximately 27 slowly exchanging protons observed in the
      region between 11 and 15 ppm downfield from 4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentane-1-sulfonic
      acid, the equivalent of about five protons apparently disappeared in spin-labeled
      tRNAf1Met. The well-resolved single proton at 14.8 ppm was missing not only in
      the paramagnetic species, but also in the diamagnetic reduced form of spin
      labeled tRNAf1Met, and was unequivocally identified as a hydrogen bond involving
      s4U8 by comparison of several forms of tRNAf1Met specifically modified at s4U.
      Evidence that the perturbation of a second single proton resonance at 14.6 ppm
      (shift and broadening) is coupled to the loss of a tertiary hydrogen bond
      involving residue 8, arises from the same modified forms. The resolved resonances
      in the methyl and N-H regions, particularly the resonance at 14.6 ppm as well as
      the four N-bonded proton resonances at higher field which are broadened solely
      due to their proximity to the unpaired electron of the spin label, provide
      specific indicators of the geometry of tRNAf1Met structure in solution. Their
      observability by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy opens up the possibility
      of monitoring distance changes among the base residues of spin-labeled tRNAf1Met
      upon its interaction with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase and other enzymes.

PMID- 1101260
TI  - Sulfonamide resistance mechanism in Escherichia coli: R plasmids can determine
      sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthases.
AB  - Several natural isolate E. coli strains highly resistant to sulfonamides and
      antibiotics are shown to contain a sulfonamide-resistant dihydropteroate synthase
      (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropteridine-diphosphate:4
      aminobenzoate 2-amino-4-hydroxydihydropteridine-6-methenyltransferase, EC
      2.5.1.15) in addition to the normal sensitive enzyme. The resistant
      dihydropteroate synthases examined are determined by an R plasmid and are smaller
      and less heat stable than the normal sulfonamide-sensitive enzyme. One synthase
      resistant to any sulfonamide tested, and to sulfanilic and arsanilic acids, was
      still inhibited by several non-sulfonamide analogs of p-aminobenzoate.
      Citrobacter and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains also show similar mechanisms of
      sulfonamide resistance.

PMID- 1101261
TI  - Release of (oligo) peptidyl-tRNA from ribosomes by erythromycin A.
AB  - Erythromycin A released peptidyl-tRNA in the in vitro polypeptide synthesis
      system with bacterial components programmed by synthetic polynucleotide. This is
      consistent with our hypothesis that erythromycin A inhibits translocation by
      preventing proper situation of oligopeptidyl-tRNA in the donor (D) site on
      ribosomes.

PMID- 1101262
TI  - Origin of hemopoietic stem cells in embryonic bursa of Fabricius and bone marrow
      studied through interspecific chimeras.
AB  - The histogenesis of the bursa of Fabricius and of bone marrow was studied by a
      biological cell marking technique based on differences in the nuclear structure
      of two species of birds, Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and chick
      (Gallus gallus). In quail cells the nucleus contains a large amount of
      heterochromatin associated with the nucleolus. That makes it possible to
      distinguish them from chick cells after Feulgen-Rossenbeck staining and by
      electron microscopy. By grafting bursal rudiments and limb buds of quail into
      chick and inversely it was possible to demonstrate that the whole hemopoietic
      population of the bursa of Fabricius and of bone marrow is derived from
      bloodborne extrinsic stem cells. Neither endoderm nor mesoderm of the bursal
      rudiments is capable of differentiating into lymphoid cells. Combinations of
      quail bursal endoderm with chick homologous mesenchyme showed that the reticular
      cells of the follicles are the only endodermal derivatives of the bursa. The
      mesenchymal bursal component gives rise to the interfollicular connective cells.
      The contribution to bone marrow histogenesis of cells of vascular and blood
      origin, on one hand, and of the elements of the cartilaginous model, on the other
      hand, was analyzed. It appeared that osteoblasts, osteocytes, and stromal cells
      of marrow are derived from the perichondrium. In contrast, the endothelium of the
      vascular buds and the hemopoietic cells which invade the diaphysal cartilage
      during the endochondral ossification process do not belong to the mesenchymal
      bone primordium but have a fully extrinsic origin.

PMID- 1101263
TI  - Conditional-lethal mutations that suppress genetic defects in morphogenesis by
      altering structural proteins.
AB  - An analysis of revertants of missense mutants in phage P22 has shown: (i) New
      temperature-sensitive (TS) and cold-sensitive (CS) phenotypes are often acquired
      concomitant with reversion. (ii) In many cases, these new phenotypes are due to
      second-site mutations (suppressors) that correct the original defect. (iii)
      Sometimes the suppressor mutation is not in the same gene as the original
      mutation. (iv) Extragenic suppressors are almost always in genes whose products
      are known to interact physically with the original gene products. (v) The
      suppressor mutations typically retain their TS or CS phenotypes when crossed into
      wild-type genetic backgrounds. (vi) Some TS and CS mutants derived by reversion
      can themselves be reverted to produce additional mutations. We have shown that
      genetic reversion of missense mutants can be of value in producing new
      temperature-sensitive and cold-sensitive mutations affecting related functions.
      We suggest that our approach can be extended to organisms with large genomes.

PMID- 1101264
TI  - Cluster of genes in Escherichia coli for ribosomal proteins, ribosomal RNA, and
      RNA polymerase subunits.
AB  - The transducing phage lambdarifd18 isolated by Kirschbaum and Konrad [(1973 J.
      Bacteriol. 116, 517-526] was found to carry structural genes for several 50S
      ribosomal proteins and 16S and 23S rRNA. It has previously been demonstrated
      [Kirschbaum & Scaife (1974) Mol. Gen. Genet. 132, 193-201] that this phage
      carries genes for the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA
      nucleotidyltransferase; EC 2.7.7.6) subunits beta and beta'. Thus, the region of
      the E. coli chromosome carried by lambdarifd18 contains a cluster of genes
      essential for transcription and translation.

PMID- 1101265
TI  - Inducible error-prone repair in Escherichia coli.
AB  - A hypothesis that ultraviolet-induced mutagenesis arises from the induction of an
      error-prone mode of postreplication repair that requires the exrA+ recA+ genotype
      has been tested with alkaline sucrose gradient centrifugation coupled with assays
      of fixation determined by loss of photoreversibility. The inhibitor of protein
      synthesis, chloramphenicol, added before irradiation, prevented a small amount of
      postreplication repair and completely eliminated mutation fixation in E. coli
      WP2s uvrA. However, chloramphenicol did not affect strand joining: (a) in uvrA
      bacteria allowed 20 min of growth between irradiation and antibiotic treatment;
      (b) in nonmutable uvrA exrA bacteria; and (c) in uvrA tif bacteria grown at 42
      degrees for 70 min before irradiation. These observations indicate that an
      inducible product is involved in a fraction of postreplication repair and is
      responsible for induced mutagenesis.

PMID- 1101266
TI  - New chromosomal location for structural genes of ribosomal proteins.
AB  - An Escherichia coli mutant, ts9, previously reported by Flaks et al. (Cold Spring
      Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 31, 623-631, 1966) to have an electrophoretically
      altered ribosomal protein, has been further characterized and the altered
      component has been identified as L7/L12. Although mutant ts9 is temperature
      sensitive for growth (rts-), the rts and L7/L12 mutations are genetically
      separable and are both located between argH and rif. The L7/L12 mutation (rpyL)
      maps very close to relC, mutants of which have a defect in the 50S ribosomal
      subunit. The gene order is argH-rts-(rpyL,relC)-rif. Protein synthesis directed
      by bacteriophage lambdacI857S7drifd18 in ultraviolet-irradiated cells indicates
      that L7/L12, As well as L1, L10, L11, and possibly L8 or L9 are coded by the
      phage DNA. Our results indicate that rpyL is the structural gene for L7/L12 and
      that this region of the E. coli chromosome contains a cluster of structural genes
      for ribosomal proteins.

PMID- 1101267
TI  - A bacterial mutation blocking P2 phage late gene expression.
AB  - A mutant of Escherichia coli strain C has been isolated, called gro109, that
      blocks bacteriophage P2 propagation by interfering with late gene expression. DNA
      replication proceeds normally in P2+-infected gro109 cells, but late phage
      proteins are not made. Early P2 mRNA is made in normal amounts, but very little
      late mRNA can be detected. P2 mutants (P2 ogr) able to overcome the gro109 block
      have been isolated in which synthesis of late P2 mRNA and phage proteins Is
      restored. The gro109 mutation is closely linked to the cluster of ribosomal genes
      at 64 min and is recessive to the wild-type (gro+) allele. A P2 ogr mutation has
      been mapped on the left arm of the P2 genome, between the right-most known late
      gene (D) and the phage attachment site. P2 ogr can complement P2+ in gro109
      cells, indicating that ogr codes for a diffusible product.

PMID- 1101268
TI  - Somnolence, akinesia, and sensory activation of motivated behavior in the lateral
      hypothalamic syndrome.
AB  - After lateral hypothalamic damage in rats, somnolence, akinesia, and sensory
      neglect combine to produce complete aphagia. Only simple automatisms (such as
      grooming, chewing, licking) are present, but intense stimuli can activate more
      complex actions (walking, orientation, swimming). In the anorexic stage, tactile
      stimuli dominate in steering locomotion and "spontaneous" locomotion depends on
      activation from the empty stomach.

PMID- 1101269
TI  - Estrogen modulation of gonadotrophin release.

PMID- 1101270
TI  - The relationship between nortriptyline plasms levels and clinical effects.

PMID- 1101271
TI  - Increased glycolysis in immature rat ovaries using endogenous gonadotropins
      secreted in response to exogenous luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.
AB  - The rate of glycolysis, as indicated by in vitro lactic acid production, in
      ovaries from immature rats was stimulated by raising serum concentrations of
      endogenous LH and FSH by intravenous injections of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone. The rate was shown to be a function of the serum concentration of
      gonadotropin but the response required the presence of elevated hormone levels
      for about 1 hr. These data are offered as further evidence for the lack of
      physiological importance of brief changes in pituitary function.

PMID- 1101272
TI  - Assessment of the carcinogenicity of non-nutritive sweetners II: Cyclamates and
      cyclohexylamine.

PMID- 1101273
TI  - Effect of diabetes on gold thioglucose lesions in rats.

PMID- 1101274
TI  - Some aspects of solid-state stability and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.

PMID- 1101275
TI  - [Intramolecular cyclization of nitrogen mustard compounds].

PMID- 1101276
TI  - [Possibilities and limitations of the use of rat paw edemas as models of
      inflammation. 1. Review on edemas as models and their possible use].

PMID- 1101277
TI  - [The fundamentals of the pharmacology of antidiabetic substances].

PMID- 1101278
TI  - [The possibilities and limitations of the use of rat paw edemas as models of
      inflammation. 2. Possible influence of the results in examinations on paw
      edemas].

PMID- 1101279
TI  - A comparison and elaboration of two models of metacontrast.

PMID- 1101280
TI  - Neural stability, sparing, and behavioral recovery following brain damage.

PMID- 1101281
TI  - Hypochondriasis--revisited: a dilemma and challenge to medicine and psychiatry.

PMID- 1101282
TI  - Pharmacotherapy of depression--a critical review.

PMID- 1101283
TI  - Caffeine in the treatment of children with minimal brain dysfunction or
      hyperkinetic syndrome.

PMID- 1101284
TI  - Cryoglobulins. III. Further studies on the nature, incidence, clinical,
      diagnostic, prognostic, and immunopathologic significance of cryoproteins in
      renal disease.
AB  - Serial serum samples from a large number of patients with immunologic renal
      disease, normal healthy controls, acute infections as well as non-immunological
      renal disease were studied for the presence, nature and properties of
      cryoproteins, and these correlated with serial renal functional, morphologic,
      immunohistologic and clinical fingings as well as serologic observations. A high
      incidence of cryoproteins were found in renal disease thought to be mediated by
      immune complexes. Cryoprecipitates were not detected in the other patients. The
      presence of fibrinogen in a serum cryoprecipitate was always associated with
      rapidly progressive disease and poor prognosis. An association between the
      detection of cryoproteins and the clinical and morphological activity of disease
      was observed. Persistence of cryoproteinemia was associated with progression and
      apparent disappearance with resolution or progression to end stage renal disease.
      In patients with hematuria or proteinuria of questionable significance
      cryoprotein detection was always associated with immune complex nephritis. Renal
      transplantation in the presence of cryoproteinemia was associated with recurrent
      nephritis in the graft. Cryoproteins were found to have biologic properties
      attributable to antigen-antibody complexes, to contain immune complexes of
      antigen and antibody and to have serologic factors concentrated. The detection of
      serum cryoglobulins was found to be a better index of clinical and morphologic
      activity of immune complex renal disease than was serum complement. As in our
      previous studies, these proteins appear to be of diagnostic and prognostic value
      in renal disease and provide a method of antigen identification in these
      disorders.

PMID- 1101285
TI  - Bronchial asthma in the Nigerian savanna region. A clinical and laboratory study
      of 106 patients with a review of the literature on asthma in the tropics.
AB  - One hundred and six asthma patients were studied in Zaria in the Nigerian savanna
      region. This group resembled hospital attenders in general in containing a
      disproportionately large number of immigrants from southern Nigeria and students
      undergoing higher education. Childhood asthma was rare. Asthma started after the
      age of 19 years in 69 per cent of patients. Twenty-seven per cent gave a history
      of rhinitis but none had had eczema. Twenty-two per cent gave a family history of
      asthma. Cutaneous hypersensitivity to house dust supported by a history of
      attacks being precipitated by dust was found in 41 per cent of patients. Asthma
      was worst in the rainy season in 45 per cent of patients. Mites were found in
      mattress dust samples; the mean count was 243 mites per g dust; Dermatophagoides
      farinae formed 86-6 per cent of the total mite population. The variability of
      airways obstruction averaged 50 per cent of maximum values for forced expiratory
      volume in the first second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF). The median
      severity of airways obstruction measured as FEV1/VC per cent was four standard
      deviations below predicted normal. Eighty-seven per cent of patients were
      positive to prick skin tests with one or more allergens. The commonest reactions
      were to house dust (58 per cent), house dust mite (45 per cent) and
      Dermatophagoides farinae (44 per cent). Fifty-one per cent of a group of controls
      were also positive on skin testing but the pattern of responses was different
      from the asthmatic patients. This high proportion of reactors is explained by
      high allergen load. Serum IgE levels were lower in the asthmatics than in a group
      of healthy controls who showed the very high levels characteristic of some
      African populations. We suggest that the controls were protected from atopic
      disease by developing high blocking levels of non-specific IgE, perhaps in
      response to gut helminths. The clinical pattern of asthma in Zaria is compared
      with other countries in the tropical and temperate zones. The particular problems
      of treating asthma in developing tropical countries are discussed.

PMID- 1101286
TI  - Treatment of Paget's disease of bone with porcine calcitonin: clinical and
      metabolic responses.
AB  - The clinical and metabolic responses of 12 patients with painful Paget's disease
      have been assessed before, during and after an 18-day course of treatment with
      purified porcine calcitonin, 160 MRC units i.m. daily. The indices of response
      included relief from pain, changes in concentration of serum alkaline
      phosphatase, calcium, magnesium, electrolytes and plasma inorganic phosphate;
      balance studies of calcium, phosphate, magnesium and in some cases sodium and
      potassium were undertaken. Urinary excretion of hydroxyproline was also measured.
      Remission of pain was complete in 11 of 15 courses of treatment. Coexistent
      osteoarthrosis was considered to be responsible where remission was incomplete.
      The mean duration of remission of pain was 12 months. Three patients who received
      a second course of treatment achieved further remission of pain. Side effects
      were not troublesome. Serum levels of alkaline phosphatase decreased to 67 per
      cent of the initial reading and the degree of suppression depended on the initial
      alkaline phosphatase activity. Urinary hydroxyproline correlated closely with the
      activity of serum alkaline phosphatase before, during and after treatment. The
      ratio of serum alkaline phosphatase:hydroxyproline excretion rose at the start
      and at the termination of treatment. Retention of calcium and inorganic phosphate
      occurred during the early phase of treatment only. Withdrawal of treatment
      resulted in a rebound retention of calcium and inorganic phosphate. The degree of
      calcium retention after treatment correlated with the level of plasma inorganic
      phosphate prevailing before treatment. The efficacy of these short courses of
      calcitonin are discussed and the metabolic observations related to theories of
      bone remodelling at a cellular and hormonal level.

PMID- 1101287
TI  - Avascular necrosis of bone following renal transplantation.
AB  - Assessment of 78 successful renal transplants carried out in Newcastle upon Tyne
      between October 1967 and March 1973, revealed avascular necrosis of bone (A.N.)
      in 11 patients (14 percent). Pain and restriction of movement were the cardinal
      symptoms, while the onset was from five to 35 months after transplantation. In
      some patients one joint only was affected but in seven patients (64 per cent)
      A.N. developed in other joints too in an additive and progressive fashion. A time
      lag was usually noted between the onset of symptoms and radiological proof. These
      11 patients with A.N. were compared with two control groups of unaffected renal
      transplant patients. Taking into account the patients' body weight, the
      cumulative dose of prednisone received by affected patients during the first
      three post-transplant months was found to be significantly higher than that for
      both control groups (P less than 0.05). Patients with A.N. were found to have had
      an unusually high incidence of early post-transplant surgical complications and
      the length of their initial stay in hospital was significantly prolonged (P less
      than 0.02) when compared to both control groups. It is possible that excessive
      corticosteroid therapy is more deleterious in transplant patients weakened by
      peri-renal haematomas, urinary extravasations and stormy prolonged post-operative
      periods. Having emphasized the detrimental effects of excessive anti-rejection
      corticosteroid therapy it must be mentioned that occasionally patients develop
      avascular necrosis even after low doses of steroid therapy, while others,
      receiving high doses of steroid therapy and undergoing a stormy post-operative
      course, do not develop this complaint. It is suggested that although excessive
      steroid therapy is positively harmful, avascular necrosis is not an invariable
      complication and that ofther factors including possibly a genetic predisposition
      operate to produce avascular necrosis of bone in renal transplant patients.

PMID- 1101288
TI  - Analysis of PCP-data to determine the fraction of cells in the various phases of
      cell cycle.
AB  - Mathematical models for the analysis of pulse-cytophotometric (PCP) data are
      described. With computer programs based on these models the fractions of cells in
      G1-, S- and (G2 + M)-phase are obtained. The methods are applied to PCP
      measurements of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, human bone marrow cells and L-929
      cells in culture. The results of the L-cell experiment are compared with
      autoradiographic results; for both methods the duration of the various phases has
      been calculated. Two different mathematical models for PCP-data evaluation and
      the autoradiographic method yielded results agreeing within statistical error.
      The application of the two models on different types of DNA-histograms is
      discussed: One model is suitable for asynchronous cell populations with a low
      fraction of S-phase cells, the other can be applied for partially synchronized
      cells and high S-phase fractions as well.

PMID- 1101289
TI  - Biological damage from the Auger effect, possible benefits.
AB  - Decay of radioactive isotopes by K-capture leads to the Auger effect and results
      in the loss of several orbital electrons and the emission of X-rays. Whereas
      radiation effects are produced from the emitted electrons, the consequences of
      the Auger effect are strictly localized to the site of the decaying nuclide. The
      paper reviews the biological consequences of the decay of 125I which produces the
      Auger effect. Nearly all data were obtained from DNA labeled with 125I-5-iodo-2'
      deoxyuridine (IUdR) in bacteria and mammalian cells. Parameters of effects were
      cell death, DNA strand breaks, and mutation induction. In order to recognize in a
      cell the contribution from the Auger effect and that of absorbed radiation,
      experimental data are analysed in terms of the specific energy for the nuclear
      volume which contains the isotope. The data indicate that decay of 125I is far
      more toxic than is expected on the basis of absorbed dose to the labeled nucleus.
      Moreover, it is emphasized that the toxicity of the 125I decay is largely
      determined by events immediately localized to the site of decay. Because the
      consequences of the Auger effect are stricly localized to the molecular site of
      the decay, 125I and perhaps other nuclides decaying by K-capture promise to be
      interesting tools in cell biology and molecular biology. First data on the Auger
      effect as a tool are summarized. It appears that recognizable biological damage
      is only observed when the Auger effect takes place in vitally important
      molecules, an example of which is DNA.

PMID- 1101290
TI  - Experiences in practice with modern drugs, 1934-1974.

PMID- 1101292
TI  - [65th anniversary of Lothar Diethelm].

PMID- 1101291
TI  - [Pathophysiology of renal hypertension (author's transl)].
AB  - The review discusses the pathophysiology of the renal mechanisms of blood
      pressure control. The physiology of the renin-angiotensin system is described and
      the mineralo-corticoid function has also been considered. The implications of
      alterations of these systems in various nephropathies are briefly summarized
      (renal artery stenosis, infarction, Page's syndrome, acute glomerulonephritis,
      essential hypertension a.o.).

PMID- 1101293
TI  - [Pancreas scan (author's transl)].
AB  - A Review and a report of our ten years experience with pancreas scans. The
      diagnostic value of 75Selen-Methionine (75Se) scan is limited because of the lack
      of organ specificity of this substance. There is no improvement by
      pharmacological stimulation of the pancreas or subtraction techniques of the 75Se
      activity in the liver. In the early phase after the injection of 75Se the
      distribution is more favourable for the pancreas compared to liver and intestine.
      Four descriptive terms are in use: normal, spotted, organ defect, and lack of
      uptake. There are no specific signs for pancreatitis, carcinoma, or exocrine
      dysfunction. Considering these limiting factors the use of pancreas scans is
      valuable to exclude pancreatic diseases.

PMID- 1101294
TI  - Rapid computer-aided radiographic calculation of total lung capacity (TLC).
AB  - Methods currently used for determining total lung capacity are either simple but
      inaccurate in the presence of airways disease (gas dilution) or accurate but not
      generally available (body plethysmography). The manual radiographic method is
      accurate both in normals and in patients with airways disease but is very tedious
      to use. The authors have developed a semi-automatic radiographic method utilizing
      a position transducer and a small computer which reduces the time for each
      determination from approximately 20 min. to 1 min. Agreement with manual
      calculations in 80 controls and 80 patients with airways disease is excellent
      (average correlation coefficient, 0.9872; average residual error, 2.65% or 156
      ml).

PMID- 1101295
TI  - The general principles of selection and evolution at the molecular level.

PMID- 1101296
TI  - Bacterial sex pili.

PMID- 1101297
TI  - Gene and information diversity in eukaryotes.

PMID- 1101298
TI  - The major histocompatibility system (MHS) in man.

PMID- 1101299
TI  - Highly selective vagotomy.

PMID- 1101300
TI  - Surgical treatment of obesity.

PMID- 1101301
TI  - [Biosynthesis, secretion and action of juvenile hormone (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101302
TI  - [Genetically determined variations in drug response (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101303
TI  - [Biosynthesis, secretion and action of ecdysone (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101304
TI  - [On the in vitro recombination using plasmid or phage DNA (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101305
TI  - [Late-replication of phage lambdaDNA--rolling-circle replication (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1101306
TI  - [Virus-inactivating effect of L-ascorbic acid: scissions of nucleic acid strands
      by free radicals (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101307
TI  - [Developments of ultracentrifugal methods, a half century since Svedberg's first
      ultracentrifugation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101308
TI  - [Construction of ultracentrifuges in Japan (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101309
TI  - [E. coli mutanic produced by the insertion of bacteriophage lambda DNA (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1101310
TI  - [The TPHA test. Methods].

PMID- 1101311
TI  - [Mechanisms of DNA repair and their diagnostic significance].

PMID- 1101312
TI  - [Prevalence of biochemical variants of Shigella flexneri 6 in Poland].

PMID- 1101313
TI  - [Direct immunofluorescence test in the identification of group B streptococci].

PMID- 1101314
TI  - [Bacteria of the Yersinia genus in human pathology].

PMID- 1101315
TI  - [In memoriam: Feliks Przesmycki (1892-1974)].

PMID- 1101316
TI  - [Vesico-visceral fistula. Original technic for the surgical treatment].

PMID- 1101317
TI  - [Silvan vectors and reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi. LIX. Geografic distribution
      of Triatominae in the Rio Grande hydrographic basin, Brazil (Hemiptera,
      Reduviidae)].

PMID- 1101318
TI  - Feulgen-DNA values and ploidy degrees in the malpighian tubes of some triatomids.

PMID- 1101319
TI  - [Etiology of common impetigo].

PMID- 1101320
TI  - [Houwer-Gougerot-Sjogren's syndrome].

PMID- 1101321
TI  - [Hypoparathyroidism and pancreatic function. Influence of calcium in the
      secretion mechanism of insulin].

PMID- 1101322
TI  - [Pathological anatomy of atheromatosis].

PMID- 1101323
TI  - [Hemodynamic changes and pulmonary function in positive expiratory pressure].

PMID- 1101324
TI  - [Duodenal reticulosarcoma].

PMID- 1101325
TI  - [Method to isolate a sericeous haptoglobin subclass and to determine its physical
      and immunological traits (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101326
TI  - [Centennial of the birthday of Egas Moniz (1874)].

PMID- 1101327
TI  - [Egas Moniz].

PMID- 1101328
TI  - [Penfield and the school of Cajal. Penfield and his relation to Cajal and Rio
      Hortega].

PMID- 1101329
TI  - Effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on mouse spleens.
AB  - A study was undertaken to ascertain the effects of delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
      on the plaque forming cell response of mice immunized with sheep erythrocytes. It
      was found that a marked suppression of plaque forming cells occurred concomitant
      with a general loss of spleen cellularity following administration of delta-9
      THC. These results suggest rather marked effects of this drug on antibody
      synthesis.

PMID- 1101330
TI  - Dynamic alveolar mechanics as studied by videomicroscopy.
AB  - The in vivo morphology of rat alveoli has been recorded and studied on videotape.
      The dynamic internal structure has been compared to that observed by histologic
      section from lung rapidly frozen with liquid nitrogen. The irreversible nature of
      local alveolar wall movement has been demonstrated in animals ventilated both
      with and without positive end-expiratory pressure (10 cm water) by parametrically
      comparing the distances between two sets of paired points measured sequentially
      across internal alveolar surfaces at intervals of 0.017 sec. Geometric hysteresis
      was significantly less in the animals ventilated with positive end-expiratory
      pressure. This hysteresis can be explained by irreversibility in alveolar surface
      area apart from any irreversible dependence on surface tension. Sharp reverses
      and rapid changes in geometric hysteresis suggest that the length-tension
      properties of elastic tissue within the alveolar wall and interface forces from
      adjacent alveoli are important determinants of local alveolar wall motion and
      pulmonary hysteresis.

PMID- 1101331
TI  - [Niflumic acid].

PMID- 1101332
TI  - [ Behaviour of a Mexican strain of Trypanosoma cruzi of particular virulence in
      the mouse].

PMID- 1101333
TI  - [Therapeutic trial of Strombaject following the treatment of neoplasms of the
      otorhinolaryngologic region and especially of the pharyngo-larynx].

PMID- 1101334
TI  - [Clinical trial of ketazone in otorhinolaryngology].

PMID- 1101335
TI  - [Professor Miloslav Seeman, 1892-1975].

PMID- 1101336
TI  - [Prof. Daniel Garcia Guerrero].

PMID- 1101337
TI  - [Mauricio Brockmann (1874-1933)].

PMID- 1101338
TI  - [Leprosy therapy and pharmacogenetics (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101339
TI  - [Immunotherapy with antigens in bronchial asthma].

PMID- 1101340
TI  - [Academician Iuliu Nitulescu].

PMID- 1101341
TI  - [Retention problems in the frontal zone].

PMID- 1101342
TI  - [Clinical and cytomorphological aspects of prosthetic stomatopathies].

PMID- 1101343
TI  - [In memoriam. Marcel Hanquet].

PMID- 1101344
TI  - [Centenary of the birth of Professor Francis Cevey].

PMID- 1101345
TI  - [Diribiotine aerosols administered to patients with chronic bronchial
      obstruction. Double-blind study].

PMID- 1101346
TI  - [Polygraphic recording of tremor and of hypertonic phenomena. Application to the
      action of various drugs].
AB  - The recording technique described makes possible the detailed analysis of
      hypertonia and tremor in Parkinson's disease, as well as the action of different
      drugs. It may contribute to the understanding of the physiopathological basis of
      these motor disturbances and the mode of action of anti-parkinsonian drugs. It
      also represents a reliable method of repeated observation, independent of
      subjective factors, in the evaluation of the long-term effectiveness of a
      medication. We were particularly concerned with the evaluation and comparison of
      the effect of different drugs in the course of a short study, involving the
      administration of a single dose of the medications used. In this way were
      studied: Apomorphine, given sub-cutaneously in non-emetic doses, which decreases
      in a constant and spectacular fashion both tremor and hypertonia ; Piribedil (1-3
      mg IV) ; L-Dopa (100 mg IV) ; Ro-080576/007 F in a dose of one capsule containing
      200 mg of L-Dopa and 50 mg of L-dopa-decarboxylase inhibitor. The effect of these
      various medications was invariable greater than that of a placebo and lasted much
      longer. With these doses, and under the special experimental conditions of this
      study, Piribedil was better tolerated and in general more active than L-dopa, in
      particular in relation to tremor. The action observed in the course of this short
      study prior to treatment might, to a certain extent, make it possible to predict
      the effect of long-term treatment.

PMID- 1101347
TI  - [Comparative clinical and experimental study of intestinal sutures in a single
      layer using one colorless and one green polyglycolic acid thread].

PMID- 1101348
TI  - [Histo-endocrinology in ovarian biopsies].

PMID- 1101349
TI  - [Heart transplantation].

PMID- 1101350
TI  - [HL-A W 27: a marker of the genetic terrain in ankylosing spondylitis].

PMID- 1101351
TI  - [Aseptic osteonecrosis in renal transplantation ; apropos of 29 cases].
AB  - Over a period of observation of 14 years, one or more aspetic osteonecroses (AON)
      were discovered in 29 patients who had undergone renal transplantation.
      Altogether 64 AON were discovered. In patients who had survived at least 1 year,
      the frequency of this lesion was 18 percent. These transplantation necroses were
      often bilateral (16 cases out of 21 AON of the femoral head) or multiple (6
      patients presenting AON in more than 3 sites) ; necroses were sometimes found in
      unusual sites (shoulder, ankle, upper end of the tibia, scaphoid, condyle of the
      humerus). The AONs of the lower limbs were remarkable because of their extent and
      because of the rapid evolution of the radiological signs. This is in contrast to
      the moderate nature of the pain. Latent types of necrosis are also found (3 cases
      of AON of the femoral head). During a search for factors favouring the
      development of AON, the authors noted that the average duration of haemodialysis
      was longer in the patients with AON than in a control group of transplant
      patients. The average daily dose of corticoids for the first six months after
      transplantation was not significantly different in the two groups studied.
      However, the 15 patients with transplants who were not given corticoids did not
      develop AON.

PMID- 1101352
TI  - [Systematic study of sequential salivary gland scintigraphy during rheumatoid
      arthritis and collagenosis. Apropos of 150 examinations].
AB  - Sequential salivary scintigraphy has been practised systematically in 130
      patients hospitalized in a rheumatology unit. These patients were suffering from
      typical, classical rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis with high
      positivity for anti-nuclear antibodies, clearly defined polyarthritis, systemic
      scleroderma, other types of collagenosis, forms of inflammatory polyarticular
      rheumatism other than rheumatoid arthritis and collagenosis, and from different
      degenerative diseases. The scintigraphic anomalies were divided in three stages
      according to a personal classification. Nine patients presented a patend Gougerot
      Sjogren syndrome. All of them had abnormal or very abnormal scintigraphy.
      However, the patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis without signs of the
      Gougerot-Sjogren syndrome, also showed a high frequency of isotopic anomalies
      that were equally severe. These were clearly connected only with the particular
      diagnosis (with classical rheumatoid arthritis, but not with clearly defined
      polyarthritis or collagenosis). No other direct relationship could be established
      between these diseases and the clinical, radiological, laboratory, or therapeutic
      aspects of the case. On the other hand, they were often associated with a
      reduction in lacrymal and salivary secretion. These isotopic studies, in
      combination with other findings shed a new light on the Gougerot-Sjogren
      syndrome, taking into account the diffusion of the exocrine lesions and of the
      contributions of the most modern methods of investigation.

PMID- 1101353
TI  - [Comparative evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency of flurbiprofene in
      rheumatoid polyarthritis].

PMID- 1101354
TI  - [How to treat cystic tumors of the jaws so as to avoid certain difficulties in
      denture retention].

PMID- 1101355
TI  - [Treatment of a case of extreme micrognathia. Significance of continuous
      traction].
AB  - A case of very marked mandibulary atrophy was corrected by osteotomy and bone
      grafting of the ascending ramus. This procedure was performed in two stages with
      continuous traction of the mandible. This traction avoided the retro-displacement
      caused by the skin and muscle contracture and stabilized the post-operative
      immobilization.

PMID- 1101356
TI  - [Current significance of pre-prosthetic surgery].

PMID- 1101357
TI  - [Experimental study on the role of the mylohyoid muscle in the instability of
      dental prostheses].
AB  - Using cinematographic and radiocinematographic recording techniques, the authors
      studied the movements of inferior prosthesis unstable in the lingual region.
      Pronunciation of the diphthong La... La... La... causes upward and forward
      projection of the prosthesis. Electromyography records contraction of the mylo
      hyoid during pronunciation of these diphthongs. In the totally edentulous
      patient, the crest of the mylo-hoid is very close to the alveolar crest. From a
      clinical standpoint, functional exploration of the mylohyoid is easy, the index
      finger being placed along the mylo-hyoid crest and the patient asked to say La...
      La... La... If the index finger is pushed forwards and up, surgical intervention
      to lower the mylo-hyoid (Trauner's operation) is indicated, in association or not
      with other procedures designed to treat the other causes of instability or the
      prosthesis.

PMID- 1101358
TI  - [Various technics of pre-prosthetic surgery as a function of the type of
      prosthetic instability Lyon concepts].

PMID- 1101359
TI  - [Retention of a complete denture by the enclave method. Convergent enclaves].
AB  - The authors propose a technical variant of the method of enclaves for the
      retention of the full denture, this in the inferior maxilla because it is there
      that the problem of retention is posed with the greatest acuity and frequency.
      But whereas in the processes described the enclaves, 2 in number, corresponding
      with the zone of implantation of the canines, are perpendicular to the mandible
      in the frontal and sagittal planes, in the technique explained here each of the
      enclaves makes with the mandible, in the frontal plane, an angle of 10 degrees
      with respect to the median axis, thus leading to a convergence and hence an
      increased retention of the prosthesis with which they are connected.

PMID- 1101360
TI  - [Controlled study of high blood pressure treatment using betablocker Visken
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101361
TI  - [Foreign students at the Prague Medical Faculty from 1883 to the end of world war
      I (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101362
TI  - Comparison of five growth media and two anaerobic techniques for isolating
      bacteria from dental plaque.
AB  - Five agar media in combination with the Hungate roll tube technique and
      conventional anaerobic jar technique (Baird & Tatlock? jars) were evaluated to
      determine the most suitable medium for non-selective isolation of the viable
      microorganisms in dental plaque. The highest colony count was obtained by using
      "Modified Medium 10" with the roll tube technique. About twice as many plaque
      colonies were recovered by roll tube technique as by the conventional anaerobic
      technique. With the MM 10 roll tube technique, 7 d of incubation revealed only
      93% of the colonies that could be detected after 14 d of incubation.

PMID- 1101363
TI  - Effect of 2-years' use of chlorhexidine-containing dentifrices on plaque,
      gingivitis, and caries.
AB  - Chlorhexidine digluconate in 0.1% and 0.4% concentrations was added to
      dentifrices to evaluate its effect on plaque formation, gingival conditions and
      caries in 73 dental students over a 2-year period. No differences were found in
      the Pl I and the G I indices between the active and the placebo dentifrices, but
      a possible effect on caries was demonstrated. Discolorations of anterior teeth
      and fillings were the only side effects observed.

PMID- 1101364
TI  - Classification of human vitamin-B12-binding proteins.

PMID- 1101365
TI  - Gastric secretory response to graded doses of pentagastrin alone or in
      combination with carbacholine in unoperated duodenal ulcer patients.
AB  - Dose-response studies of pentagastrin-stimulated secretion were performed in 6
      unoperated duodenal ulcer patients. On different days pentagastrin was given in
      doses of 0.15, 1.5, and 15 mug/kg/hr, either alone or in combination with
      carbacholine, 2 mug/kg/hr. There were no significant differences between mean
      acid or pepsin outputs or mean volumes of gastric juice after infusion of
      pentagastrin alone or pentagastrin plus carbacholine at any dose step of
      pentagastrin. The dose of pentagastrin required to elicit half maximal acid
      output (Km) and the calculated maximal acid output (Vmax) were the same for
      pentagastrin alone and pentgastrin plus carbacholine. Thus, carbacholine did not
      increase the sensitivity of the parietal cells to pentagastrin in the unoperated
      duodenal ulcer patients.

PMID- 1101366
TI  - An inhibitor of chemotaxis and phagocytosis in reticulum cell sarcoma.
AB  - In a study of neutrophil functions in haematological disorders using in vitro
      techniques, a heat-stable inhibitor of chemotaxis and phagocytosis was
      demonstrated in the plasma and serum of a 64-year-old woman with reticulum cell
      sarcoma. In partial purification by chromatography, the inhibitor activity could
      not be separated from IgG. Clinically the patient did not exhibit abnormal
      susceptibility to infections.

PMID- 1101367
TI  - In vitro inhibition of endotoxin induced platelet aggregation with hydrocortisone
      sodium succinate (Solu-Cortef).
AB  - Citrated canine platelet rich plasma stimulated with ADP, thrombin, collagen and
      E. coli endotoxin demonstrated platelet aggregation when measured with Payton
      aggregometer. Following incubation with hydrocortisone sodium succinate (Solu
      Cortef) the same platelet rich plasma did not undergo platelet aggregation when
      stimulated by these agents. Solu-Cortef added to platelet rich plasma during ATP,
      thrombin, collagen and endotoxin stimulated platelet aggregation resulted in a
      reversal of the optical density suggesting deaggregation. These in vitro
      observations support the beneficial effects observed when steroids are
      administered in vivo to experimental or clinical shock.

PMID- 1101368
TI  - Complement activation in relation to protective function of antibodies to
      Escherichia coli O antigens.
AB  - The relation between complement activation in an indirect hemolysis assay of E.
      coli O antibodies and their protective function in experimentally infected mice
      was analyzed. The antibody amounts and avidities were estimated in antisera and
      in IgG and IgM antibody fractions by the ammonium sulphate precipitation (ASP)
      technique of Farr. The protection obtained was due to both IgG and IgM antibodies
      and showed a close relation to the quantity of antibodies measured by the ASP
      technique. No link between complement activation capacity of the antibodies and
      their protective function could be seen. In the system used, the IgM antibodies
      showed a correlation between antibody avidity and complement activating
      efficiency, whereas the IgG antibodies activated complement poorly. The results
      do not indicate a major function of the complement in antibody-mediated
      protection against E. coli in this experimental system in mice.

PMID- 1101369
TI  - Effect of polyclonal B-cell activators on DNA synthesis in fibroblasts.
AB  - The polyclonal B-cell activators (PBA) lipopolysaccharide (LPS), type III
      pneumococcal polysaccharide (SIII), dextran, dextran sulphate, pentosan sulphate,
      and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were found to cause an increased DNA synthesis in
      mouse fibroblast monolayer cultures in the presence of calf serum, provided the
      background cpm were within certain values. The same PBA suppressed DNA synthesis
      when the cultures showed high background [corrected] cpm. Since the PBA did not
      activate DNA synthesis in serum-free cultures, it was concluded that PBA could be
      directly activate fibroblasts but rather influenced factors responsible for
      regulation of DNA synthesis in fibroblasts. In contrast PBA directly trigger
      lymphocytes.

PMID- 1101370
TI  - Antibody production by human colostral cells. I. Immunoglobulin class,
      specificity, and quantity.
AB  - The production of antibody by human colostral cells was assayed by the hemolysis
      in-gel technique. When sheep erythrocytes coated with O antigens from frequently
      encountered Escherichia coli bacteria were used as detector cells and anti-IgA
      serum was added for development, numerous plaque-forming cells (PFC) were
      demonstrated in all samples tested. In contrast, plaques were rarely seen in the
      presence of anti-IgG developing serum. The direct (IgM) plaques occasionally
      noted with both antigen-coated and uncoated sheep erythrocytes were mainly due to
      the production of heterophil antibodies, since they were not formed when human
      erythrocytes were used as O-antigen carriers. A strikingly high number of the
      colostral lymphocytes formed antibodies to the E. coli antigens, up to 8%. This
      suggests that these cells represent a rather selective population--possibly cells
      from the gastrointestinal tract exposed to enteric bacteria. The large number of
      plaques observed, the predominance of the cells forming IgA antibodies, and the
      marked changes in PFC number in relationship to parturition pose a number of
      questions relevant to the antibody-producing colostrum cells and their
      relationship to the secretory immune system.

PMID- 1101371
TI  - Acute epiglottitis; a clinical, bacteriological and serological study.
AB  - 25 patients, 15 children and 10 adults, with the clinical diagnosis of acute
      epiglottitis were studied. Patients severely ill on admission, 13 children and 1
      adult, were immediately treated with tracheotomy and antibiotics; the remaining
      patients with antibiotics only. Haemophilus influenzae type b was the causative
      organism in all children and in 3 adults. One adult had a Diplococcus pneumoniae
      infection. No pathogens were isolated from the 6 remaining patients. Four of the
      children developed H. influenzae type b meningitis. All patients recovered. Anti
      b antibodies were not demonstrable in any initial serum sample while
      agglutinating anti-b antibodies were found in subsequent samples (indirect
      hemagglutination). All patients with a type b infection had already initially
      precipitating anti-O antibodies against their own strain, and in most cases
      complement-fixing anti-O antibodies (mixed H. influenzae O antigen) with rising
      titers in subsequent serum samples. A possible connection between the presence of
      anti-O antibodies initially and the development of the acute epiglottitis is
      discussed.

PMID- 1101372
TI  - Bacteremia in a general hospital. A prospective study of 102 consecutive cases.
AB  - A prospective clinical-bacteriological study of 102 consecutive cases of
      confirmed bacteremia at a Copenhagen City general hospital was carried out during
      5 months of 1973 with special concern given to focus of infection and acquisition
      of microorganisms. Valid positive cultures were obtained from 7.2 patients per
      1000 admissions. 50 of the 102 bacteremias were by all probability acquired in
      the hospital, mainly due to transurethral manipulations or intravenous lines.
      Pneumonia and hepatobiliary infections accounted for most of the non-hospital
      acquired bacteremias. 26/102 patients died in relation to the bacteremia.
      Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus caused more than half of the
      infections. Bacteremia caused by proteus, klebsiella, enterobacter species of
      staphylococci was in most cases nosocomial and carried the highest mortality,
      i.e. 40%, verus 15% when other organisms were responsible. It is concluded that
      nosocomial bacteremia is a frequent and life-endangering complication which is
      often preceded by certain diagnostic or therapeutic procedures, not invariably
      linked to severe underlying diseases. Consequently, attempts to reduce bacteremic
      episodes should include surveillance of ecological factors and certain hospital
      procedures.

PMID- 1101373
TI  - Biochemistry and schizophrenia III. A review of childhood psychosis.

PMID- 1101374
TI  - Intercultural studies in search of a disease.

PMID- 1101375
TI  - Comparative double-blind trial of intra-articular injections of two long-acting
      forms of betamethasone.
AB  - Two injectable betamethasone preparations, betamethasone
      dipropionate/betamethasone phosphate and betamethasone acetate/betamethasone
      phosphate were compared in a controlled trial on 22 "matched patient pairs" with
      rheumatic diseases. The two preparations were injected intra-articularly in knee
      joints affected by active synovitis. The time until onset of action and the
      duration of clinically adequate anti-inflammatory effect were recorded. All
      injections produced clinically significant effects. The interval before
      recurrence of symptoms varied from 2 days to more than 3 months. The dipropionate
      form showed statistically significantly longer duration of action. No difference
      was noted in the time until onset of action. Local side effects were not
      observed. The double-blind method of clinical evaluation proved useful in
      comparing duration of action between long-acting corticosteroids.

PMID- 1101376
TI  - Use of pectoralis skin pedicle flap for closure of large bronchial fistula
      connected with postpneumonectomy empyema.
AB  - In 4 patients, the postpneumonectomy empyema was connected with a large
      bronchopleural fistula. The empyema was in all cases treated by a permanent open
      window thoracostoma. The fistulae were closed later with pedicle flaps made of
      the pectoralis muscle and the adjoining skin. In 2 patients the closing of the
      bronchial fistula was successful, and the treatment of one patient is not
      completed. In one patient the open pneural cavity was covered completely by skin
      using an additional pedicle flap and free skin transplantation. The surgical
      technique of the pedicle flap operation is described and the cases are reported.

PMID- 1101377
TI  - Toxicity and pollution potential of thallium.
AB  - Toxicity and pollution potential of thallium are reviewed. Thallium is slightly
      more acutely toxic to mammals than mercury, and as acutely toxic as copper to
      fish. Its present industrial uses are too limited to generate pollution, but
      thallium, discharged in wastes from mines, ore-processing, and coal-burning
      plants, is contaminating the environment.

PMID- 1101378
TI  - Lymphocyte surface immunoglobulins.
AB  - Immunoglobulins have been isolated from the surface of B (bone marrow-derived)
      and T (thymus-derived) lymphocytes. Two types of membrane immunoglobulin occur on
      B lymphocytes; one type resembles the 200,000-dalton subunit of IgM, the second
      possesses a heavy chain electrophoretically distinct from mu chain and does not
      correspond to any of the known classes of mouse immunoglobulins. It might
      correspond to human sigma chain. T lymphocytes possess only one type of surface
      immunoglobulin. This molecule has a mass of approximately 200,000 daltons and
      contains light chains and heavy chains similar to, but not identical to, mu
      chains. Evidence now exists that surface IgM-like immunoglobulins of B
      lymphocytes and T lymphocytes activated to certain antigens can bind specifically
      to antigen. These observations suggest that surface immunoglobulin functions as a
      receptor for antigen on B cells and at least on some T cells. The mechanisms by
      which combination of antigen with surface immunoglobulin initiate differentiation
      remain to be determined.

PMID- 1101379
TI  - Implication of Phlebotomus sand flies as vectors of bartonellosis and
      leishmaniasis as early as 1764.
AB  - A written account implicating Phlebotomus sand flies as vectors of Carrion's
      disease and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Peru was published by Cosme Bueno in 1764.
      Bueno's report precedes other publications implicating sand flies in the
      transmission of human pathogens by nearly a century and a half.

PMID- 1101380
TI  - Complement-mediated bactericidal system: evidence for a new pathway of complement
      action.
AB  - The early components of human complement (C1, C4, and C2) plus certain serum
      euglobulins will kill pathogenic strains of Shigella sonnei. Serum from patients
      with hereditary C3 deficiencies and specific antiserums to C3, C5, and C6 were
      utilized to demonstrate the absence of requirements for late-acting complement
      components in this unusual bactericidal system.

PMID- 1101381
TI  - Physician migration reexamined.

PMID- 1101382
TI  - A handy site for dermal grafts for glabella frown lines.

PMID- 1101383
TI  - Eponym: Baker's cyst.

PMID- 1101384
TI  - G. Gordon McHardy, MD: Distinguished incoming President of SMA.

PMID- 1101385
TI  - Epidemiologic investigation of an outbreak of Shiga bacillus dysentery in an
      island population.
AB  - An epidemic of dysentery broke out in St. Martin island during May through July
      1973. The epidemic was caused by Shigella dysenteriae type 1. The dysentery could
      not be controlled by conventional antibiotics and other antidysenteric drugs. The
      average attack rate was 32.9%. The age specific attack rate was highest in the
      age group 1-4 years (52.2%). The attack rates were higher in smaller families.
      The rates were not greatly different amongst people using different sources of
      water. The overall death rate was 2.1%. The overall infection-to-death rate was
      6.4% but amongst children less than a year old, it was 41.1%. A common source
      outbreak was unlikely. The higher attack rate in smaller families suggested
      limited possibility of person to person spread. No particular water source could
      be implicated with higher attack rate. Flies may have played an active role in
      transmission.

PMID- 1101386
TI  - Intravenous ketamine for postoperative analgesia.
AB  - Thirty-six consecutive patients who had undergone major surgery were carefully
      studied for 6 hours postoperatively in an attempt to evaluate the relative
      analgesic and respiratory-depressant effect of morphine, ketamine, and placebo
      administered by continuous intravenous infusion. Side-effects, vital signs and
      respiratory measurements were recorded hourly by a consultant physician. With
      regard to the dosage and method of administration, ketamine was shown to be less
      effective than morphine for the first 3 hours postoperatively, but equally
      effective subsequently, whereas the patients who received ketamine showed a
      greater progressive tendency for their respiratory parameters to improve with
      time. Recommendations regarding the postoperative control of pain are made, and
      the need for further study is noted.

PMID- 1101387
TI  - A serological survey of toxoplasmosis in the Bloemfonetin area.
AB  - The IFA test revealed the presence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in 10, 3%
      (62) of sera from 600 pregnant women. The incidence of antibodies varied from
      8,0% in the Black population to 10,5% in White and 12,5% in Coloured women. In
      the Coloured and Black populations the highest incidence of antibodies was found
      in the 31-40-year age group, while in Whites this occurred in the 21-30-year age
      group. Twenty-eight sera also contained complement-fixing antibodies. The results
      are discussed in relation to the epidemiology, complications, diagnosis and
      treatment of toxoplasmosis.

PMID- 1101388
TI  - Probable chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria from Mozambique A
      case report.
AB  - A female patient with Plasmodium falciparum malaria apparently resistant to
      chloroquine is descirbed. She had recently returned from Mozambique, which may
      prove to be a new endemic are with resistant strains. The infection was
      successfully treated with quinine.

PMID- 1101389
TI  - A specific radio-immunoassay for gonadotrophin-releasing hormone.
AB  - A specific antiserum has been made to synthetic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone
      (GnRH) conjugated to keyhole limpet haemocyanin and appears to be directed
      against amino acids 6-8 of this decapeptide. This has allowed the development of
      a radio-immunoassay for GnRH sensitive to 5 picograms per tube. Although it is
      easily measurable in hypothalamic extracts, we have failed to detect GnRH in
      plasma and urine from normal subjects and menopausal women.

PMID- 1101390
TI  - History of mental health services in South Africa. Part VIII. Services for
      epileptics.
AB  - The development of services for epileptics in South Africa is reviewed. In the
      field of education, the history of the Jan Kriel school at Kuils River in the
      Western Cape is described. Treatment is provided at government mental hospitals,
      institutions for defectives, and general hospitals. The Epileptic Employment
      Association provides epileptics with work and opportunity to live a normal life.
      Information about epilepsy is provided by the South African National Epilepsy
      League, which also provides opportunities for employment.

PMID- 1101391
TI  - Geoffrey Jesudass Christopher.

PMID- 1101392
TI  - Historical perspective of myocardial infarction.
AB  - The history of myocardial infarction ('coronary thrombosis'), a condition which
      was only recognised as a clinical entity in the 20th century, is reviewed up to
      the time of the introduction of the intensive coronary care units. Early
      observations of presentations, complications, diagnosis and treatment of the
      disease are emphasised. The increase in incidence of myocardial infarction, real
      or relative, is discussed and the remarkable variation shown in earlier reports
      on the mortality rate of myocardial infarction is explained. Many of the
      important principles which revolutionised the management of the disease through
      coronary care units, are evident in the earlier reports.

PMID- 1101393
TI  - In memoriam: Angus Cameron Macdonald.

PMID- 1101394
TI  - [In memoriam: Sara Cecilia Meyer].

PMID- 1101395
TI  - Letter: The value of each of the components of the Apgar score.

PMID- 1101396
TI  - Practical aspects of a cholera surveillance programme.
AB  - The recent invasion of southern Africa by cholera stimulated the establishment of
      a regional cholera reference laboratory and surveillance centre. This article
      describes its activities in general and details the methods employed in the
      isolation of Vibrio cholerae from sewage, water, seafoods, patients, and
      carriers. Importance is also attached to the isolation of NAG (non-agglutinable)
      V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus from certain categories of specimens. In
      recognition of the importance of regional co-operation in combating the problem
      of cholera, the collaboration of other countries on the subcontinent was invited,
      and the response is encouraging.

PMID- 1101397
TI  - History of mental health services in South Africa. Part IX. The protection and
      care of the feebleminded.
AB  - Interest in mental deficiency was at low ebb in the 19th century. The invention
      of intelligence tests in France and the publication of a book in the USA
      stimulated the Child Life Protection Society in Cape Town to call a meeting which
      led ultimately to the formation of the National Council for Mental Health.
      Details of early intelligence tests are given and the mental state of poor Whites
      is described. The reports of two committees on mental deficiency are discussed.

PMID- 1101398
TI  - [Clinical research with new drugs].

PMID- 1101399
TI  - Surgical lessons learned and relearned in Vietnam.

PMID- 1101400
TI  - Regional infusion chemotherapy for cancer of the head and neck.
AB  - The experience with intraarterial infusion chemotherapy in the 24 years since its
      development has established that it is not a substitute for conventional methods
      of management. Its prime indications are for palliation of advanced and recurrent
      cancer unsuitable for irradiation or surgery or as an adjunct to the latter.
      Several specific observations are relevant to its use in the head and neck
      region: 1. With currently available antineoplastic agents more than half of the
      neoplasms in this region can be made to regress. Epidermoid carcinomas, the most
      frequent tumor of the head and neck, as well as less frequent carcinomas and
      sarcomas can be affected. 2. Regressions are usually incomplete and brief,
      lasting but a few months, and despite complete tumor regression microscopic
      cancer usually persists. Occasionally, unpredictably, and for uncertain reasons a
      regression is complete and permanent. Small, well-differentiated and exophytic
      (verrucous) epidermoid cancers appear most liable to such a response. 3.
      Temporary or permanent neurologic damage is the most distressing morbidity
      associated with treatment. This hazard can be minimized by avoiding infusion of
      the internal carotid artery and protection of the patient from embolism of air or
      particulate matter through catheters. 4. The combined use of two or more
      chemotherapeutic agents is promising as a means for increasing the frequency and
      possibly the duration of tumor regressions. 5. The value of infusion as an
      adjunct to irradiation or surgery for potentially curable cancers is still
      unproved. Uncontrolled data suggest that local control of cancer may be improved,
      particularly if all three modalities are combined. A controlled clinical trial by
      experienced investigators could resolve this issue. 6. Although the arterial
      route increases the activity of some chemotherapeutic agents, significant
      progress appears to depend upon the development of drugs with greater specificity
      for neoplastic tissues. 7. In its present form, arterial infusion chemotherapy
      offers a brief period of palliation to many patients with cancer of the head and
      neck who are otherwise untreatable, and occasionally to such individuals a final
      chance for cure.

PMID- 1101401
TI  - The current status of bladder cancer.

PMID- 1101402
TI  - Esophageal replacement.

PMID- 1101403
TI  - Experimental stress ulcers: a review.
AB  - The restraint model and other models for the production of experimental stress
      ulcers have been reviewed. The mechanism of experimental stress ulcers appears to
      depend on an interaction between the presence of acid, changes in mucosal
      circulation, an increase in the excretion of glycoproteins in the mucus, and a
      decrease in mitotic activity of the mucosal lining of the stomach. Factors
      enhancing ulceration are cold, starvation, increased acidity, burns, reflux of
      bile, endotoxin, adrenalectomy, and hemorrhage. Factors inhibiting ulceration are
      vagotomy, anticholinergics, elemental diets, vitamin A, antacids, prevention of
      bile reflux, corticosteroids, epinephrine and norepinephrine, serotonin
      antagonists, and immediate replacement of blood loss with low molecular weight
      dextran. The role of sepsis is unclear and more work is needed in this area.
      Ulcers from intracranial injury are usually associated with the hypersecretion of
      gastric acid. Stimulation of the hypothalamus, directly or indirectly, with
      resultant vagal stimulation is thought to be the responsible mechanism for the
      increase in acid.

PMID- 1101404
TI  - Role of the endogenous gastrointestinal microflora in postoperative wound sepsis.
AB  - Most infections following gastrointestinal surgery are caused by the escape of
      endogenous microorganisms at the time of operation. A thorough understanding of
      the gastrointestinal microflora in health and disease is essential to the
      intelligent treatment of postoperative septic complications. The oral flora found
      under certain circumstances in the proximal gastrointestinal tract is usually
      penicillin sensitive. Both aerobic and anaerobic resident microflora of the
      distal ileum and colon are penicillin resistant; therefore, other antibiotic
      agents must be prescribed for successful treatment of sepsis following resection
      of these organs.

PMID- 1101405
TI  - Amputations in the lower limb.

PMID- 1101406
TI  - High tibial osteotomy in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.

PMID- 1101407
TI  - Biomechanics of fracture healing after internal fixation.

PMID- 1101408
TI  - Effect of surgical trauma on host defense.

PMID- 1101409
TI  - Effects of anesthetics on splanchnic circulation and metabolism.
AB  - In the last 10 years intense interest in "halothane hepatitis" plus simpler and
      more reliable technology for measuring splanchnic blood flow have led to a fuller
      understanding of the splanchnic effects of anesthetics. For the first time, a
      rational choice of anesthetic technique can be made for the patient with
      splanchnic organ dysfunction.

PMID- 1101410
TI  - Anesthesia and the immune system.
AB  - Anesthesia and operation may impair the immune system so that bacterial growth
      and tumor spread may occur more readily, and host response to transplanted tissue
      and allergenic substances may be altered. Suggestions are presented regarding the
      anesthetic management of patients at risk from infection or tumor spread.

PMID- 1101411
TI  - The biochemical basis of anesthetic toxicity.
AB  - The inhalational anesthetics reversibly inhibit mitochondrial electron transport
      from NADH-linded substrates at the level of the enzyme NADH-dehydrogenase. The
      effect of this inhibition on ATP production is probably not the basis of the
      anesthetic state, as the level of high-energy phosphate in the brain does not
      decrease during anesthesia. Anesthetics, therefore, interfere with brain energy
      untilization, in addition to brain energy production. Inhibition by anesthetics
      of mitochondrial calcium uptake, which results from the inhibition of electron
      transport, may be an important anesthetic effect if it raises the intracellular
      calcium level. Other areas of investigation which have not been discussed here
      include the effects of anesthetics on glycolytic and other enzyme systems, ion
      fluxes, neurotransmitter synthesis and release, and on the structure of natural
      and artificial membranes. It is now appreciated that most of the inhalational
      anesthetics are metabolized by the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes. The
      biotransformation of several anesthetics can be increased by drugs which induce
      hepatic microsomal enzymes. The organ toxicities of chloroform,
      trichloroethylene, fluroxene, methoxyflurane, and possibly of halothane and
      enflurane are related to their intermediary or final metabolites. It is of
      anesthetic drugs for an individual patient.

PMID- 1101412
TI  - Effect of anesthetics and oxygen deprivation on brain blood flow and metabolism.

PMID- 1101413
TI  - Anesthetic management of patients with cardiac disease.
AB  - The course of anesthesia for patients with cardiac disease includes assessment
      and management of complications during the entire perioperative period. A
      thorough understanding of the pharmacology of anesthetic drugs and their
      interactions with medications taken by patients with heart disease is of utmost
      importance. The rapid changes in intraoperative circulatory status may often
      necessitate second-to-second invasive monitoring techniques to maintain
      stability. Finally, knowledge of complications occurring commonly in such
      patients allows the anesthesiologist to prepare ahead of time for corrective
      measures which may be lifesaving.

PMID- 1101414
TI  - Neurosurgical anesthesia.

PMID- 1101415
TI  - Deliberate hypotension.
AB  - Deliberate hypotension can reduce major blood loss and indelicate operations can
      produce a drier field increasing the ease of surgery and the likelihood of a good
      result. The techniques used to induce hypotension can also  be used to avoid
      dangerous hypertension during and after surgery. These benefits must be weighed
      against the risks of inadequate perfusion: especially cerebral, myocardial, or
      renal. In previously normotensive patients these risks are minimal when the
      arterial pressure is held above 80 torr systolic, and may be acceptably small
      even at mean pressure of 50 to 60 torr. Previously hypertensive patients show
      signs of cerebral ischemia at higher pressures; they should probably not be
      subjected to deliberate hypotension, but they also can be harmed by severe
      hypertension which can be avioded by the proper use of hypotensive agents. For
      most situations a balanced technique is suitable: after a stable anesthetic level
      has been achieved using halothane or enflurane, hypotension can be induced with
      sodium nitroprusside or trimethaphan camsylate. Longer-acting agents such as
      pentolinium are sometimes desirable, but the shorter-acting agents are easier to
      control. Careful monitoring with observation of intra-arterial pressure,
      electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram, and determination arterial blood gas
      tensions is likely to make for safer conduct. Close postoperative observation is
      essential. With careful preparation and monitoring deliberate hypotension can be
      a safe technique for reducing blood loss or facilitating delicate procedures.

PMID- 1101416
TI  - Physical hazards in the operating room.

PMID- 1101417
TI  - Trace anesthetic exposure. Consequences and control.
AB  - Epidemiologic and animal studies indicate that chronic exposure to anesthetic
      gases may consitute a potential health hazard. This is suggested by a higher
      incidence of spontaneous abortion among female operating room personnel,
      congenital anomalies in the offspring of operating room personnel, and neoplasia
      of the reticuloendothelial system. Human data show that performance can be
      compromised during exposure to anesthetic traces. A direct cause and effect
      relationship between anesthetic exposure and the alleged hazards will require
      further prospective studies. Such a study is being planned by the Ad Hoc
      Committee of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. In the interim,
      monitoring programs should be established to define adequate clearances of the
      anesthetic agents. Minimum standards and recommended procedures should be
      established regarding operating room ventilation and design. The use of effective
      scavengers and anesthetic techniques not requiring the use of inhalational agents
      should be encouraged. In this way a clear distinction may be defined by the
      prosepective study planned by the American Society of Anesthesiologists in 1978.

PMID- 1101418
TI  - Postanesthetic complications.

PMID- 1101419
TI  - Hypothermic storage of the canine kidney for 48 hours in a low chloride solution.
AB  - In studies of 52 dogs, kidneys were stored at zero degrees C. using a low
      chloride hypertonic intracellular solution. When stored for 24 hours, one-half of
      the kidneys resumed normal function upon reimplantation. With storage for 48
      hours using a brief washout at 24 hours, up to 38 per cent of the reimplanted
      kidneys provided life sustaining function without azotemia.

PMID- 1101420
TI  - The role of the nurse epidemiologist in infection control and continuing
      education.
AB  - A university affiliated Veterans Administration Hospital had an increase in the
      number of serratia isolates. An epidemiologic investigation, including personnel
      and environmental prevalence study, helped correct errors in technique,
      management and judgment. A nurse epidemiologist prevented a cluster of infections
      from becoming an epidemic.

PMID- 1101421
TI  - Simultaneous study of gastric and pancreatic secretion in a preparation perfused
      ex vivo.
AB  - A canine gastroduodenopancreatic block was isolated and perfused ex vivo with
      homologous blood. This preparation allowed a simultaneous collection of gastric
      and pancreatic secretion under various conditions of stimulation. To stimulate
      gastric secretion, pentagastrin, bethanechol chloride or histamine was infused
      intra-arterially during a six to eight hour period, or both vagi were
      electrically stimulated. To stimulate pancreatic secretion, secretin was infused
      by the same method. Secretin infusion inhibited gastric juice volume and acid
      output by stimulated stomachs and induced an increase in pepsin concentration.
      Secretin infusion also resulted in a significant increase of flow of pancreatic
      juice and in both concentration and output of pancreatic secretion of
      bicarbonate. Arterial perfusion pressure and peripheral vascular resistance of
      this ex vivo preparation were significantly reduced by secretin. The method
      described permits the simultaneous study of the secretory function of the stomach
      and pancreas as well as the evaluation of biochemical changes of perfusion blood
      and hemodynamic changes in the circuit. Easy accessibility of the vessels and
      vagus branches also allows direct infusion of drugs and placement of stimulation
      electrodes.

PMID- 1101422
TI  - A historical report of a mastectomy for carcinoma of the breast.

PMID- 1101423
TI  - Vascular access for hemodialysis.
AB  - The subcutaneous arteriovenous fistula has become the method of choice for
      vascular access for chronic hemodialysis in the vast majority of dialysis centers
      in the United States and abroad. The Silastic cannula external arteriovenous
      shunt is an acceptable alternative and is the access of choice for treatment of
      acute renal failure or drug overdose. Surgeons dealing with these patients will
      have to familiarize themselves with both procedures, as well as with the various
      modifications currently in use in order to offer the best procedure for the
      particular patient and to make dialysis possible for all patients who need it.

PMID- 1101424
TI  - Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

PMID- 1101425
TI  - Charles Albert Elsberg 1871-1948.

PMID- 1101426
TI  - Santiage Ramon y Cajal 1852-1954.

PMID- 1101427
TI  - Sir Hugh William Bell Cairns. 1896-1952.

PMID- 1101428
TI  - The death of the birth of neurology. The neurologic contributions of Thomas
      Willis.

PMID- 1101429
TI  - Post-transplant function of cadaver kidneys preserved with plasma perfusate
      containing antidonor antibody.
AB  - Two cadaver kidneys were preserved by the perfusion method with AB
      cryoprecipitated plasma which contained antidonor lymphocytotoxic antibody. The
      kidneys were transplanted subsequently and no demonstrable immunologic damage to
      the kidneys was observed in the preservation and post-transplantation periods. In
      one patient renal function was immediate, and function has remained satisfactory
      in the 3 month follow-up period. The other patient had an initial period (2
      weeks) of acute tubular necrosis, but renal function became satisfactory and the
      patient's condition has remained stable in the 3 month follow-up period. The
      significance of antidonor lymphocytotoxic antibody in the plasma perfusate on
      subsequent kidney function has been discussed.

PMID- 1101430
TI  - Tissue levels of prostaglandin E following heterotopic rat heart allografting.
AB  - Heterotopic rat heart allografts were performed in 35 rats. At intervals after
      transplantation, rats were killed and tissue concentrations of immunoassayable
      prostaglandin E (PGE) were measured in the native heart, transplanted heart,
      spleen, and thymus. A significant increase in allograft PGE activity was observed
      at days 5 through 7, coinciding with the onset of the rejection reaction. These
      studies implicate PGE in the host response to allografting, but further studies
      are needed to determine what (if any) role prostaglandins play in the rejection
      reaction.

PMID- 1101431
TI  - Orthotopic liver transplantation: an experimental study on mechanisms of
      hemorrhagic diathesis and thrombosis.
AB  - The hemorrhagic diathesis after transplantation of preserved livers generally is
      attributed to intravascular coagulation, whereas postoperative
      "hypercoagulability" of the blood is considered the main cause of thrombosis of
      the hepatic artery anastomosis. Since our preliminary studies, however, suggested
      other mechanisms, parameters of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet function
      were prospectively studied before and after 28 orthotopic liver transplantations,
      with and without preservation, in dogs and pigs. In addition, the arterial
      anastomoses were evaluated routinely by angiography and, after removal at
      reintervention or autopsy, inspected for thrombosis and tested for fibrinolytic
      activity and fibrin deposition. Concerning the hemorrhagic diathesis,
      prolongation of bleeding time without concomitant thrombocytopenia was the main
      abnormality found and occurred only in the nine dogs with liver transplants
      previously preserved for 3 to 6 hours. As only two of the nine dogs had
      postoperative hemorrhage of clinical significance, we consider surgically
      imperfect hemostasis facilitated by an acquired platelet dysfunction the
      principal cause of hemorrhage. Thrombosis of the arterial anastomosis was found
      in 38 percent of animals in which an end-to-end anastomosis was made but was not
      encountered with celiac artery-aorta anastomoses. Local factors due to surgical
      technique therefore appear most important in the pathogenesis of thrombosis of
      the hepatic artery anastomosis, although the postoperative hyperfibrinogenemia
      and diminished local and systemic fibrinolytic activity may contribute as well.

PMID- 1101432
TI  - [Honorary Doctorate for Walter Jager].

PMID- 1101433
TI  - The composition of massive lesions in coal miners.
AB  - The nature of the material forming the massive lesions in the lungs of coal
      workers has never been demonstrated. The concept that it was in fact massive
      fibrosis, implying that it consisted of collagen impregnated with coal dust, has
      been challenged only during the last ten years. It was agreed that the best
      chance of obtaining more definite information was from a combined study of the
      biochemical, pathological, ultrastructural, and immunological features of a
      number of lungs containing these lesions. Six cases which were found to contain
      suitable material were studied. The preliminary results obtained suggest that
      collagen is present in the capsule of these lesions but that at the centre it is
      replaced by another insoluble protein or proteins which is probably stabilized by
      some form of cross-linking. This protein complex accounts for one-third of the
      weight of the lesions, the remaining two-thirds consisting of approximately equal
      amounts of mineral dusts and calcium phosphate. Serum proteins were also observed
      but their association with the lesions has yet to be determined.

PMID- 1101434
TI  - [Treatment of asthma in children with beclomethasone dipropionate aerosols].

PMID- 1101435
TI  - [Treatment of varicose leg ulcer].

PMID- 1101436
TI  - [Gasoline poisoning; a serious accident].

PMID- 1101437
TI  - [Interview with H.A.H. Gangsaas; city veterinarian, Bergen Health Council].

PMID- 1101439
TI  - [IgG in cerebrospinal fluid: production and elimination].

PMID- 1101438
TI  - [Effect of benzoctamine (Tacitin) on pulmonary ventilation in patients with
      respiratory insufficiency].

PMID- 1101440
TI  - [Spinal fluid changes in various nervous system diseases. Spinal fluid
      examination as a routine method].

PMID- 1101441
TI  - [Ibsen's physicians. The medical aspects of the poet and his poems].

PMID- 1101442
TI  - [Effect of the diluent on the aerobic bacterial count in raw minced meat and
      similar meats (author's transl)].
AB  - A report on the changes in the aerobic bacterial count in commercial minced meat,
      which appear when samples, decimally diluted with 0.85 per cent sodium chloride
      or with 0.85 per cent sodium chloride plus peptone (peptone physiological saline
      solution, p.ph.s.s.) are stored at room temperature for some time. When the
      higher dilutions (10(5) to 10(7) inclusive) were stored for periods of thirty
      minutes and more, significantly higher counts were recorded on using p.ph.s.s.
      and significantly lower counts were observed on using sodium chloride.
      Significantly higher counts were produced, however, when the two diluents were
      used following storage of the lowest dilution (10(1)) for a similar period. The
      dilutions have to be mixed again after each period of storage. The presence of
      "sublethally injured" bacteria in commercial minced meat is discussed. These
      bacteria may recover when a diluent having a sufficiently protective effect is
      used. Substances from the natural substrate are probably still active at the
      lowest dilution. A number of the injured bacteria which fail to multiply when the
      pour-plate method is used, will probably be able to produce colonies when the
      streak-plate method is adopted as more oxygen will be present in this case. Even
      when a rapid procedure is used in examining the samples (mixed agar method), the
      average number of colonies produced on using sodium chloride will be
      significantly smaller than that produced when p.ph.s.s. is used.

PMID- 1101443
TI  - Leptospirae of serotype lora of the serogroup Australis isolated for the first
      time from swine in the Netherlands.
AB  - Leptospirosis in swine, caused by serotype lora (serogroup Australis) was
      detected both serologically and by culture. The most important symptoms consisted
      in abortion during the final month of gestation and the birth of dead or not
      viable piglets.

PMID- 1101444
TI  - A new CoDNA-ase spot plate method for the detection of coagulase and DNA-ase
      activity of staphylococci.
AB  - A new method for the determination of the coagulase and DNA-ase activity of
      staphylococci is described. The method enables the analyst to test large numbers
      of strains for this microorganism without the loss of time involved in the
      conventional technique.

PMID- 1101445
TI  - Letter: The god Serapis healer of the animals.

PMID- 1101446
TI  - [Letter: Use of chloramphenicol not advisable in veterinary medicine (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1101447
TI  - Immune responses in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections.
AB  - All children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection showed a significant response
      in IgG immunofluorescent (IMF) antibody titers, which were similar to that of
      complement-fixing (CF) antibody titers. However, there was a certain degree of
      variation in IgM IMF antibody response and its persistence. This variation also
      occurred in cases with pre-existing specific antibodies and good CF and IgG IMF
      antibody titers. Thus, it was considered that a reinfection with M. pneumoniae
      might not have an important effect upon the individual variation in IgM immune
      response, and that after a secondary immune response with M. pneumoniae infection
      with specific IgM antibody could be detected in some patients.

PMID- 1101448
TI  - [70th anniversary of Josef Becker].

PMID- 1101449
TI  - [Prof. Dr. Ing. habil. Rudolf Schulze, 1906-1974].

PMID- 1101450
TI  - [The bonding of enamel and dentin by means of adhesive materials. 4. Possible use
      of noracryl 100 in orthodontics].
AB  - The present paper deals with first personal experience. The indications concern
      orthodontic space elimination and movement of single teeth in the anterior
      region. This method is a true rationalization in orthodontic practice.

PMID- 1101451
TI  - [The model casting method for inlays and bridgework].
AB  - The authors deal with the advantages and disadvantages of the direct and the
      indirect method of inlay making and describe the precision casting technique for
      inlays and bridges. Furthermore, they present the telescopic tray which has been
      developed in the Rostock Clinic. This tray permits to apply the impression
      material under increased pressure. The use of the compound embedding material and
      dental alloys indicated allows to obtain good treatment results in a rational
      manner.

PMID- 1101452
TI  - [Stomatological morbidity study--Berlin 1972. 4. State of prosthetic-stomatologic
      care and the need for it].
AB  - In the course of a representative morbidity study in the capital of Berlin of
      1972, it was found that almost 56% of the adults needed prosthodontic care. Only
      nearly half of them had dental prostheses of sufficient quality, one fourth had
      insufficient dental prostheses, and one fourth were untreated.

PMID- 1101453
TI  - [The fracture susceptibility of upper premolars and therapeutic consequences].

PMID- 1101454
TI  - [The state of cytology in dentistry--a review].
AB  - Cytological examinations have been introduced into stomatology relatively late
      though the material is easy to collect and the techniques used are inexpensive.
      At present, cytological examinations may be employed for the following purposes:
      1. Differential diagnosis of bullous lesions of the oral mucosa. 2. Supervision
      of inflammatory processes of the periodontium and related surgical interventions.
      3. Detection of malignant and premalignant processes in the oral cavity and its
      environments. Apart from the well-known staining procedures, the acridine orange
      fluorescence method and recently, the cytometric evaluation of historadiographic
      techniques are used. Especially in the diagnosis of tumours, cytology is only an
      adjunct however worthwile.

PMID- 1101455
TI  - [Edlan-Mejchar's method as a preprosthetic surgical measure for the stabilization
      of total mandibular prostheses. Report on first experiences].
AB  - In the present 1-year study, the method inaugurated by Edlan and Mejchar as a
      "periodontal-preventive operation intended for deepening the lower oral
      vestibule" was used as a preprosthetic-surgical measure. The operating technique
      is described in detail and the suitability of this method is proved by the
      results from 13 patients. It is a very recommendable method for deepening the
      lower oral vestibule.

PMID- 1101456
TI  - The contribution of computerized axial tomography to the diagnosis of cerebellar
      and pontine hematomas.
AB  - Case histories are reported of seven patients in whom the diagnosis of cerebellar
      (four) or pontine hemorrhage (three) was made by computerized axial tomography
      (CT). In all of the patients except two the diagnosis, established on the basis
      of a space-occupying high absorption lesion, was proved by either operation or
      autopical for an intracerebral hematoma, i.e., the high absorption zone was
      transformed into an area of reduced density. It is concluded that CT is a highly
      reliable method for the diagnosis and location of posterior fossa hematomas. A CT
      syndrome, observed in four of the seven cases, is described consisting of a
      hydrocephalus with the tips of the posterior horns being filled with blood. This
      seems to be specific for a posterior fossa hematoma having penetrated into the
      fourth ventricle.

PMID- 1101457
TI  - Effect of cyclandelate on dementia.
AB  - Cyclandelate, a vasodilator, was administered to 24 patients with dementia. The
      dementia in these patients was presumed to be due to cerebral ischemia caused by
      atherosclerosis in cerebral vessels after other possible causes were ruled out.
      In a double-blind, cross-over study, patients received 200 mg of cyclandelate
      four times daily for six weeks and a placebo for six weeks. Six psychological
      tests, which reflect various aspects of higher cortical ability, were used to
      evaluate the effect of cyclandelate on the dementia. Cyclandelate was found to be
      no more effective than placebo in improving higher cortical function in these
      demented patients.

PMID- 1101458
TI  - Neutralizing antibody in Rodent Malaria.
AB  - Small numbers of rat erythrocytes infected with viable P. berghei, when
      inoculated into susceptible rats together with hyperimmune rat serum (HIS), are
      fully neutralized. Serum from convalescent rats delays the onset of patency but
      does not neutralize. The neutralizing efficiency of HIS rises in proportion to
      the number of successive reinoculations of hyperimmune rats. In contrast, mice
      inoculated with parasites together with either HIS or normal rat serum succumbed
      to the disease at the same time after inoculation. Neutralization in rats occurs
      in vivo and is completed within 22 hours of inoculation. Much larger amounts of
      HIS are needed to achieve neutralization in splenectomized recipients than in
      intact rats. The action of HIS is dose-dependent. Thus, the degree of suppression
      of parasitaemia is proportional to the dose of HIS, while the mortality rate is
      inversely proportional to the dose. Suboptimal doses may even enhance the
      infection of recipient rats. The ability to produce neutralizing antibody is
      dissimilar in two strains of rat. Thus, the outbred Sabra strain produces
      neutralizing HIS, while the inbred Lewis rat is incapable of producing
      perceptible neutralizing antibody in our experimental model.

PMID- 1101459
TI  - Some effects of partial malaria suppression in Ugandan children during the first
      3 years of life.

PMID- 1101460
TI  - Letter: The durian season in Peninsular Malaysia as a factor in the epidemiology
      of malaria.

PMID- 1101461
TI  - Letter: Trypanosoma cruzi--prenatal transfer of maternal antibody in man.

PMID- 1101462
TI  - Letter: Multiple thick films on the same slide.

PMID- 1101463
TI  - Are there stage-characteristic immunofluorescence patterns in schistosomiasis?

PMID- 1101464
TI  - Comparison of a 9-phenanthrene methanol (WR33063), a 4-quinoline methanol
      (WR30090), and quinine for falciparum malaria in Thailand.
AB  - Quinine was compared with a 9-phenanthrene methanol (WR33063) and a 4-quinoline
      methanol (WR30090) for the treatment of 207 patients with falciparum malaria in
      Southeast Thailand. Quinine eradicated parasitaemia (average 70 hours) more
      rapidly than either WR30090 (72 hours) or WR33063 (77 hours). But WR33063 had a
      higher cure rate (92%) than WR30090 (86%) or quinine (85%). The mean duration of
      fever and of parasitaemia were combined with the failure rate to form an
      arbitrary efficacy index. Using this concept WR33063 was the most effective drug.
      The recrudescence rate correlated with the degree and duration of parasitaemia
      and with the duration of fever. WR33063 was the least toxic drug. Side effects
      associated with WR30090 appeared to be headache, backache and urticaria. Quinine
      was the most toxic drug. All 3 drugs were inconvenient in having to be
      administered every 8 hours for 6 days. One patient did not respond to oral
      quinine but did respond to an intravenous quinine infusion (IVQ). A "Medication
      Ward Round" was perfected during the study and comprised sequential history, drug
      administration, physical examination, dose notation and patient observation.
      Falciparum nephrosis was diagnosed in one patient.

PMID- 1101465
TI  - Cytochemical detection of a polysaccharide surface coat in trypanosomatids.

PMID- 1101466
TI  - An evaluation of some factors affecting the detection of blood group antibodies
      by automated methods.
AB  - Some factors affecting the sensitivity of the automated methods for blood group
      antibody detection have been evaluated. The experiments revealed influencing
      differences between various albumin preparations. In the BMC method, one lot of
      albumin permitted no significant antibody detection. In the LISP technique, a
      plateau of maximum Polybrene activity was found. The beginning of this plateau
      depended on both the albumin preparation and the Polybrene lot. In the BMC
      method, methyl cellulose gave optimal sensitivity within a concentration range of
      0.3 to 0.5 per cent. The stability of test cells stored in ACD at 4 C was
      studied. All test cells could be used safely up to two weeks. Cells from
      different donors showed variable reactivity after three weeks.

PMID- 1101467
TI  - Comparison of HL-A typing with NIH trays and the NIH technique with typing by the
      fluorochromasia cytotoxicity assay.
AB  - A comparison of HL-A phenotypes determined with plates containing predispensed
      typing sera supplied by the NIH Serum Bank with phenotypes determined by the
      fluorochromasia cytotoxicity assay using local reagents showed that the NIH
      plates (as dispensed in 1972) had an insufficient number and variety of typing
      sera. Using NIH trays, it was difficult to detect HL-A9 and W19, both of which
      specificities are now known to have subtypes. The NIH trays also appeared to
      detect more HL-A antigens than were consistent with the current theory of two
      segregant series, each expressing a maximum of two antigens. The excess antigens
      could not be comparatively evaluated in view of the small number of sera defining
      each. With the NIH technique, it was impossible to interpret the reactions if the
      preparation had too many dead cells. A high proportion of dead cells was
      occasionally noted when lymphocytes had been previously frozen or obtained from
      lymph nodes. When the NIH and fluorochromasia techniques were compared using the
      same antisera and fresh lymphocytes, they proved equivalent in sensitivity.

PMID- 1101468
TI  - Properties of primed suppressor T cells and their products.

PMID- 1101469
TI  - A disquisition on suppressor T cells.
AB  - The main points that  I have put forth are that: (1) suppressor T cell activity
      cannot be explained as simply being too much help; (2) feedback signals from
      target cells are of crucial importance in determining and maintaining the
      activity of suppressor T cells; (3) whenever T cells are triggered by antigen,
      suppression occurs. Immune responses only occur when countermanding signals are
      also generated. Both intrinsic and extrinsic adjuvanticity is the operational
      production of countermanding signals; (4) memory T cells are qualitatively
      different from normal T cells in their sensitivity to feedback signals and also
      in their susceptibility to suppression; (5) mature thymus dependent B cells
      cannot be rendered tolerant by the direct action of antigen, while immature and
      thymus independent B cells can; (6) the mechanism of suppression induced by
      exogenously administered antigens and that by normal differentiation products
      (i.e.: GVH; allotypes), is different; (7) generation of suppressor cells requires
      or results from complex interactions between subpopulations of cells, making it
      impossible under present conditions to determine which cell is doing what and to
      which; (8) further work is required before a full understanding of the
      importance, mechanism of action and other aspects of suppressor T cell function
      can be fully understood.

PMID- 1101470
TI  - Suppressor T cells.

PMID- 1101471
TI  - Low zone tolerance and suppressor T cells.

PMID- 1101472
TI  - The role of specific suppressor T cells in immune tolerance.

PMID- 1101473
TI  - Obituary.

PMID- 1101474
TI  - Skin grafting across H-Y incompatibility after organ culture.
AB  - Mouse skin maintained in organ culture for 7 days was transplanted across the H-Y
      histocompatibility barrier in two inbred strains: C57BL/6 and C3H/An. Cultured
      grafts were invariably rejected and at a faster rate than noncultured control
      grafts. Recipients of the cultured male skin grafts rejected subsequent
      noncultured male skin grafts in accelerated fashion.

PMID- 1101475
TI  - The effect of donor blood on renal allograft survival in DL-A tissue typed beagle
      littermates.
AB  - A single transfusion of 200 ml of donor blood 14 days before renal
      transplantation in prospectively DL-A tissue typed beagle littermates appeared to
      have an effect on graft survival. Seventeen per cent of the recipients did
      respond to the transfusion with formation of lymphocytotoxic and
      haemagglutinating antibodies. These "responder dogs" rejected kidney grafts in an
      accelerated way, compared with the "nonresponders" and with the nontreated
      control dogs. Responsiveness appeared to occur in pairs of littermates, which
      suggests that responding potency is genetically determined. There was
      histological evidence of acute arteritis in the renal grafts of responders,
      whereas cell-mediated rejection was noted in nonresponders.

PMID- 1101476
TI  - Inhibition of tumor growth in syngeneic chimeric mice mediated by a depletion of
      suppressor T cells.
AB  - Syngeneic chimeric (lethally irradiated and reconstituted with syngeneic bone
      marrow cells) mice manifested an increased resistance to the development of Lewis
      lung carcinoma. In addition, these mice had a higher response to
      polyvinylpyrrolidone and a reduced reactivity to T mitogens. The present findings
      suggest that syngeneic chimeric mice lack suppressor T cells shown to regulate
      the development of Lewis lung tumor and the response to polyvinylpyrrolidone.
      Other components of the T cell population, such as helper cells responding to
      sheep red blood cells or cells involved in allograft rejection, assayed in these
      syngeneic chimeras were found unaffected. The fact that chimeric mice are
      deficient in a certain suppressor T cell population whereas other T activities
      are normal suggests the existence of different cell lines within the T cell
      population.

PMID- 1101477
TI  - Chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of tuberculosis in the immunosuppressed renal
      allograft recipient.

PMID- 1101478
TI  - Effect of immunosuppressive therapy for renal allografts on the number of
      circulating sheep red blood cells rosetting cells.
AB  - Patients receiving renal allografts from relatively incompatible donors were
      randomly assigned to one of two immunosuppressive regimens: azathioprine and
      prednisone with or without a 2-week course of horse antihuman thymocyte globulin
      (ATG). The number of circulating lymphocytes fell to about one-third of
      pretreatment values in both groups of patients. In patients given ATG, the
      proportion of sheep red blood cell-rosetting lymphocytes (SRBC-R) fell promptly
      to less than 10% of pretreatment values. In contrast, the percentage of SRBC-R
      remained at about 70% in patients receiving only prednisone and azathioprine. The
      addition of ATG reduced the number of SRBC-R/mm3 to one-tenth to one-thirtieth
      the number seen in non-ATG-treated patients. Plasma of patients undergoing
      therapy did not inhibit rosetting in vitro. It is proposed that the monitoring of
      circulating rosetting cells may be a useful clinical guide to the degree of T
      cell immunosuppression. It is also suggested that the regimen of azathioprine,
      prednisone, and ATG results in a more effective suppression of circulating T
      cells than that produced by azathioprine and prednisone alone.

PMID- 1101479
TI  - Sex-determined antigens in rats detected by bone marrow transplantation but not
      skin grafting.
AB  - Skin grafting in untreated rats and bone marrow transplantation into minimally
      immunosuppressed recipients have been used to investigate histocompatibility
      differences associated with the Y chromosome. Male skin survived for upwards of
      120 days with no sign of rejection when grafted into female rats in circumstances
      where male bone marrow was rejected. Y chromosome-associated antigens were only
      detected with skin grafting by prior exposure of the female rats to male cells.
      It is concluded that bone marrow grafting into minimally immunosuppressed
      recipients may provide a more sensitive index of minor histocompatibility
      differences than skin grafting. The need to recognise donor cells in recipients
      prepared for bone marrow grafting with cytotoxic chemicals is emphasized.

PMID- 1101480
TI  - Xenogeneic skin and kidney transplants in a closely related canine system, fox
      dog.
AB  - Fox kidney and skin grafts were transplanted into dog recipients. Fox kidneys,
      transplanted en bloc into untreated dogs, survived 6.2 +/- 0.4 days. The skin
      transplants survived 5.9 +/- 1.4 days. The grafted kidneys showed almost normal
      function before rejection. Both skin and kidney rejection were mediated through a
      cellular mechansim. Performed natural antibodies against donor tissue were not
      present in the serum of the recipients. These results combined with absorption
      studies suggested a close relationship between fox and dog, but different number
      and morphology of chromosomes, immunoelectrophoretic patterns of serum proteins,
      and disparities of the transplantation antigens proved that the fox is a species
      quite separate from the dog. It was concluded that the fox-dog system, with its
      similarity to the chimpanzeeman relationship, offers a unique model to study
      clinically applicable methods of managing xenografts between closely related
      species.

PMID- 1101481
TI  - Transfer of HL-A antibodies from the mother to the child. Complement of
      information.

PMID- 1101482
TI  - Chicken antirat thymocyte globulin and cardiac allograft rejection.

PMID- 1101483
TI  - The rat kidney as a model for the study of preservation methods.

PMID- 1101484
TI  - Abnormal nuclear morphology of leukocytes in the mouse mutant ichthyosis.

PMID- 1101485
TI  - Vascular thrombosis in machine-perfused renal allografts.

PMID- 1101486
TI  - Attempts to compare the effectiveness of blocking factors and enhancing
      antibodies in vivo and in vitro.
AB  - Sera from rats carrying tolerated skin allografts were tested for the presence of
      blocking activity in vitro. Sera with blocking activity had no effect on
      transplantation tolerance induction in newborn animals. Immunological enhancement
      of tumor growth was procured by passive transfer of serum from tolerant animals
      bearing skin allografts. It made no difference whether or not the serum contained
      blocking activity in vitro. These results suggest that there is no relationship
      between blocking factors and enhancing activity in vivo.

PMID- 1101487
TI  - Longitudinal malaria studies in rural Northeast Thailand. Chloroquine treatment
      of falciparum malaria infections.
AB  - The efficacy of chloroquine in the treatment of falciparum malaria was studied in
      two villages in Northeast Thailand, an area endemic for chloroquine-resistant
      falciparum infections. Chloroquine did not appear to reduce the duration or
      density of parasitemias experienced by asymptomatic villagers, but did benefit,
      usually temporarily, many subjects with symptomatic or high-density infections.
      These observations suggest that the high prevalence of chloroquine-resistant
      infections in the villages is similar to data from the hospital and clinics
      serving the area. The question whether chloroquine should remain available to
      this population should be evaluated.

PMID- 1101488
TI  - In memoriam Dr. A. Bonebakker 1895-1975.

PMID- 1101489
TI  - [Ultrastructure of the secretory cells of the pancreatic islets in human
      fetuses].
AB  - An electron microscopic study of pancreatic islets of human fetuses 16--28 weeks
      old discovered four types of secretory cells -- B, A, D and type IV, which has
      not yet been given a generally accepted name. These cells contain small secretory
      granules more dense than granules D. In three cases endocrine elements with
      "mixed" granulation (D--A) were noted. The formation of insulin- and glucagon
      containing granules in the ergastoplasm and Golgi complex was observed. The
      hormone secretion is realized by emyocitosis.

PMID- 1101490
TI  - [Comparative morphometric study of the ultrastructure of cells in vivo and in
      vitro].
AB  - A morphometrical study of the fine structure of normal and malignant cells, both
      taken immediately from the organism (in vivo) or previously cultured (in vitro)
      was carried out. A high level on the mitochondrial morphological coefficient --
      Km was discovered in normal and malignant cells in vitro. Unlike, the
      ergastoplasmic morphological coefficient -- Ke was high in the in vivo cells and
      low in the in vitro cells. The in vitro factor causes considerable changes in the
      fine structure of cells, which are more important than distinctions between
      normal and malignant cells. This fact must be taken into account in morphological
      studies of cells in vitro.

PMID- 1101491
TI  - [Rapid method of obtaining ultrathin sections in monolayer embedding].
AB  - It is proposed to employ a simple optical method for a correct relative
      adjustment of the knife and the roof of the piramid for obtaining ultrathin
      sections of monolayer embedding. For the material embedding, plastic cuvets and a
      lavsan film are employed, this technique facilitating the process of embedding.

PMID- 1101492
TI  - [Uremic osteodystrophy].

PMID- 1101493
TI  - [Coronary arteriography].

PMID- 1101494
TI  - [Treatment of cigarette smokers with an oat extract].

PMID- 1101495
TI  - [Two great epidemics in Copenhagen: plague in 1711 and cholera in 1853. Course
      and consequences].

PMID- 1101496
TI  - [Immune reaction in bladder neoplasms].

PMID- 1101497
TI  - [Effect of a pepsin-inhibiting pentapeptide on the secretion of pepsin and
      hydrochloric acid in the stomach].

PMID- 1101498
TI  - [Carbamazepine versus phenytoin in psychomotor epilepsy. A double-blind study of
      antiepileptic effect and side-effects].

PMID- 1101499
TI  - [Oral contraceptives and hypertension. A review].

PMID- 1101500
TI  - Quantitative colour-ultrasonography by means of a computer aided simultaneous
      tomogram.
AB  - In this newly developed method, the ultrasonic diagnosis has become quantitative.
      The data will remain quantitative so far as an image storage tube is used. With
      the conventional storage type CRT, it is impossible to memorize the reflected
      echo signals of different strength levels. But with our method, it becomes
      possible to memorize the images according  to individual levels. By the direct
      digitalization of the ultrasonic echo images, more information is obtained from
      the reflected echo signals. By processing the original information with a
      computer, more accurate diagnosis is possible. It is hoped and believed, that
      this computer aided ultrasonic examination, with single scan display in colour or
      black and white, will further promote ultrasonic diagnosis in future.

PMID- 1101501
TI  - [A medical thesis written in French and defended at McGill in 1835 (Pierre
      Dansereau)].

PMID- 1101502
TI  - [Development of the medical profession in Quebec. XIV. The military contribution
      of Laval in Montreal].

PMID- 1101503
TI  - Renal pain.

PMID- 1101504
TI  - Peyronie's disease.

PMID- 1101505
TI  - Rotational skin flaps to cover wound defect in groin.
AB  - A technique of a lower relaxing incision and use of a rotational skin flap from
      the anterolateral thigh to close an extensive defect in the inguinal area is
      described. Its use is especially applicable for palliation in patients with large
      fungating metastases in the inguinal region.

PMID- 1101506
TI  - Hugh Young--one resident's view.

PMID- 1101507
TI  - Medical malpractice and peer review in medieval England.

PMID- 1101508
TI  - Celebration. Walter A. Griffin's 100th birthday.

PMID- 1101509
TI  - Memorial. Dickinson W. Richards, M.D.

PMID- 1101510
TI  - Members of the American clinical and climatological associaton.

PMID- 1101511
TI  - President's address. Jamestown--paradise or pest hole.

PMID- 1101512
TI  - The evaluation of bone density findings in normal populations and osteoporosis.

PMID- 1101513
TI  - Severe malnutrition in a public servant of the World War II era: the medical
      history of Harry Hopkins.

PMID- 1101514
TI  - HEME: a computer program for diagnosis-oriented analysis of hematologic disease.

PMID- 1101515
TI  - A case of empyema: notes on the last illness of Sir William Osler.

PMID- 1101516
TI  - Cellular aspects of the immunology of rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID- 1101517
TI  - Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone evaluation in anestrous beef cows with
      suckling calf.

PMID- 1101518
TI  - Hypothyroidism in ruminants with special reference to foetal goitre.

PMID- 1101519
TI  - [Phage typing of strains of S. enteritidis isolated in Bulgaria].
AB  - Studied were a total of 221 strains of Salmonella enteritidis isolated from
      birds, pigs, cattle, dogs, rodents, forage, environment, food products of animal
      origin, and human beings, in terms of their phage typing, in order to study the
      epizootiology of the foci of infection. Twelve phages were established: 2a, 3a,
      4a, 5a, 6a, 7a, 8a, 9a, 15, 19, 20 and 21. Most widely distributed proved phage
      type 6a, followed by phage type 2a. The remaining phages occured more rarely, and
      some of them--15, 19, 20 and 21--were found only in particular districts and
      farms.

PMID- 1101520
TI  - Defective prophage in Escherichia coli K12 strains.

PMID- 1101521
TI  - Mutants of bacteriophage T4 unable to exclude T2 from the progeny of crosses.

PMID- 1101522
TI  - Direct identification of the cell bodies of Y-, X- and W-cells in the cat's
      retina.

PMID- 1101523
TI  - [Comparative study on the transplantability of various hemopoietic-tissue cells
      in irradiated mice].

PMID- 1101524
TI  - [Treatment of malignant lymphomas with a combinations of cytostatics].

PMID- 1101525
TI  - [70th birthday of Prof. Jaroslav Horejsi].

PMID- 1101526
TI  - [Centennial of a health-education document].

PMID- 1101527
TI  - [Physicians astronauts].

PMID- 1101528
TI  - [Comparative characteristics of needle and jet injections].

PMID- 1101529
TI  - [Degmicide as a surgical antiseptic].

PMID- 1101530
TI  - [Military physician and medical information].

PMID- 1101531
TI  - [Russian captain and medic (van Stpanovich Kolesnikov)].

PMID- 1101532
TI  - [Medics of the Urals at the front and in the hinterland during World War II].

PMID- 1101533
TI  - [Boris Aleksandrovich Samotokin (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 1101534
TI  - [50th anniversary of the Borovoe Military Sanatorium].

PMID- 1101535
TI  - [Early detection of hereditary anomalies of metabolism in children (screening
      programs)].

PMID- 1101536
TI  - [Veterans of the war remain on duty].

PMID- 1101537
TI  - [Permeability of the mitochondrial membranes of the organs of white rats
      innoculated with Walker carcinoma to lipoic acid and thiamine labelled with S35].
AB  - Mitochondria isolated from organs of intact white rats and those with Walker
      carcinoma were incubated in Gubler medium containing S35-lipoic acid or S35
      thiamine. An accumulation of lipoic acid by mitochondria is higher in tumor
      bearing animals, while that of thiamine in most organs is lowered. In healthy
      animals mitochondria were found to accumulate S35-thiamine more intensively than
      S35-lipoic acid. In tumor animals these indices become nearly similar, while
      organ differences are leveled.

PMID- 1101538
TI  - [Prevention and treatment of cancer of the cervical stump].
AB  - Of total number of patients with cervical cancer (12687) since 1962 to 1972 155
      (1.2%) were subjected to therapy for cancer of the cervical stump. In 5 of 155
      patients (3.2%) preinvasive cancer of the cervical stump was observed.
      Preliminary supravaginal hysterectomy was performed for benign pathological
      processes of the female genitalia, hysterectomy was performed for benign
      pathological processes of the female genitalia, including 86.5%--for uterine
      fibromyoma. Recently, a prolonged interval (10 years and longer) elapsed since
      supravaginal hysterectomy is typical for patients in whom cancer of the cervical
      stump develop. Hence, a careful follow-up of patients during the life period
      after supravaginal hysterectomy seems to be hardly feasible as it should be
      recommended, and it could not be an adequate prophylactic measure without using a
      cytologic assay. An idea of the rationality of using extirpation in climacteric
      and menopausal patients with fibromyoma is being substantiated.

PMID- 1101539
TI  - [Denture designers in the Edo Period].

PMID- 1101540
TI  - [Anesthesia].

PMID- 1101541
TI  - A mild method for the isolation of folded chromosomes from Escherichia coli.
AB  - Until now it has not been possible to obtain nuclear bodies from Escherichia coli
      after treatment with rifampicin. It was generally assumed that the cross
      connections between the DNA double strands which are sensitive towards
      ribonuclease are destroyed under the influence of inhibitors of RNA synthesis
      like rifampicin. In this paper a new lysis procedure is described for preparing
      nuclear bodies from E. coli. These particles differ in some respects, especially
      in salt sensitivity from those prepared by earlier methods. Using the new lysis
      method it is also possible to obtain folded chromosomes from cells after
      treatment with rifampicin. These nuclear bodies can be destroyed by ribonuclease.
      Therefore, it has to be postulated that a fraction of RNA being sufficient to
      hold the chromosome in the folded shape is not susceptible to the action of
      rifampicin.

PMID- 1101542
TI  - Unfolding of the chromosome of Escherichia coli after treatment with rifampicin.
AB  - Until recently it has been assumed that the factors being responsible for the
      condensation of the DNA in the nucleoid of Escherichia coli are destroyed by
      rifampicin because it has been impossible to obtain folded chromosomes from cells
      treated with this inhibitor. In this paper it is shown by viscosity and
      sedimentation measurements that unfolding of the DNA does not take place during
      the process of the cell lysis as it should be predicted from this assumption, but
      is occurring distinctly afterwards. Since the observed unfolding process is too
      slow to be caused simply by molecular movements it is concluded that it is
      brought about by the action of salts or detergents of the lysis medium. The
      structure of the nucleoid is still intact in vivo despite inhibition of RNA
      synthesis by rifampicin.

PMID- 1101544
TI  - [In memory of Robert Bauer, Dec 11, 1898--Mar 31, 1975].

PMID- 1101543
TI  - [Results of testing a new drug in form of sore throat tablets].

PMID- 1101545
TI  - [Clinical testing of a combination of clofibrate and beta-pyridylcarbinol in an
      unusual dosis relation].

PMID- 1101546
TI  - Rat liver alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes: influence of infection with
      Trypanosoma.
AB  - A study has been made of changes in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isozymes in
      livers of rats infected with the following trypanosomes: Trypanosoma cruzi, T.
      rhodesiense, T. congolense, and six geographical isolates of T. lewisi. A control
      group of the same age was injected with saline, and another left uninjected.
      Liver homogenates were electrophoresed in noble agar gels followed by formazan
      staining according to the method of Ursprung and Leone (1965). Of a total of 25
      replicates, 15 showed that the level of rat liver ADH isozymes was similar in the
      uninjected and saline injected animals; 6 replicates showed a slightly higher
      level of ADH isozymes in uninjected than saline injected control rat livers, and
      4 replicates had a higher level in saline injected than in the uninjected. With
      either 1-octanol or ethanol as substrate, a marked elevation of ADH activity was
      observed beginning with day 7 post inoculation in rat livers infected with T.
      cruzi, T. lewisi, and T. congolense, or as early as day 4 post inoculation with
      T. rhodesiense. The elevation persisted 59 days or more in rat livers infected
      with T. lewisi, but rats infected with the pathogenic species usually died 5 to
      14 days after infection. The elevation of ADH isozymes has also been demonstrated
      spectrophotometrically for the first 5 minutes of reaction time, using
      acetaldehyde as substrate. Also observed in livers infected with pathogenic
      species and certain strains of T. lewisi were: (1) ADH isozyme pattern changes
      involving an elevated level of certain isozymes only, and (2) abnormal isozyme
      mobilities.

PMID- 1101547
TI  - [90th anniversary of Friedrich Pauwels].

PMID- 1101548
TI  - [Correction osteotomy of tibia for malalignment at the knee and the bone-suture
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Correction osteotomy of the tibia in genu valgum and varum is discussed on the
      basis of the literature and two cases. After considering critically the well
      known techniques of fixation, the almost forgotten bone-suture with silk or
      Perlon is recalled which may replace osteosynthesis. The advantages of the
      plaster cast of the leg which permits much earlier weightbearing then
      osteosynthesis and adds to bony union are emphasized. The author warns against
      too early mobilization.

PMID- 1101550
TI  - Medicare--part B.

PMID- 1101549
TI  - Misfortune to fame. The story of William Beaumont, M.D., and his famous patient
      Alexis St. Martin.

PMID- 1101551
TI  - [Peripheral phlebodynamometry. Basis, technics, capabilities].

PMID- 1101552
TI  - [Development of internal medicine in the last decade].

PMID- 1101553
TI  - [Current problems of radiation genetics].

PMID- 1101554
TI  - [Basic stages in the metabolism of food xenobiotics].

PMID- 1101555
TI  - [Surgical aspects of organ transplantation in rats].

PMID- 1101556
TI  - [Elimination of poliomyelitis in the USSR].

PMID- 1101557
TI  - [Mycoplasma and various skin diseases (review of the literature)].

PMID- 1101558
TI  - [Results of the comparative laboratory diagnosis of trichomonosis in men].

PMID- 1101559
TI  - [Treatment of patients with infectious forms of syphilis and changes in their
      immunological reactivity].

PMID- 1101560
TI  - [The SR-Ivotray impression technic].

PMID- 1101561
TI  - [The surface of the base].

PMID- 1101562
TI  - [Construction of total prostheses for patients with insufficient prosthesis
      support].

PMID- 1101563
TI  - [The condition of the mucosa underneath complete upper dentures dependent on the
      shape of the dorsal rim].

PMID- 1101564
TI  - [The hygienic shape of the denture].

PMID- 1101565
TI  - [The extraction instruments in the Tubingen collection].

PMID- 1101566
TI  - [The fabrication of a total prostheses using all-oral procedure].

PMID- 1101567
TI  - [Effective static measures in the prosthetic treatment of the partially
      edentulous dentition].

PMID- 1101568
TI  - [The adjustable clamp telescope, a new variation of the telescopic crown].

PMID- 1101569
TI  - [Practice connected casting method in the partially edentulous dentition for
      precision prosthesis by means of the rationally constructed biofunctional tray.
      A].

PMID- 1101570
TI  - [Practice connected casting method in the partially edentulous dentition for
      precision prostheses by means of rationally produced biofuncional trays. B].

PMID- 1101571
TI  - [Do the severity and duration of rheumatoid arthritis influence pulmonary
      ventilation?].
AB  - Pulmonary ventilation was studied in 100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis of an
      outpatient clinic, using whole-body plethysmography, spirography, and
      pneumometry. The patients with more or less severe joint involvement, as well as
      the patients with shorter or longer duration of their disease, did not show any
      significant difference in their dynamic and static pulmonary fuction. Patients
      with serious joint destructions showed a bronchial obstruction in 29%. 36
      patients who were treated with thioglucose gold had a significantly better
      expiration capacity. A causal connection with the underlying disease is
      discussed. Further examinations should take therapeutic procedures and
      longitudinal studies into consideration. It is doubtful that significant
      restriction of ventilation is present in rheumatoid-arthritis. Methodically there
      was a good argreement between whole body plethysmography and pneumometry.

PMID- 1101572
TI  - [Biochemical aspects of chronic rheumatic inflammation].
AB  - Morphological phenomena in rheumatoid arthritis are closely correlated to the
      biochemical aberrations of connective tissue metabolism. Both, morphological and
      biochemical analysis of the altered tissue portions demonstrate evidence for
      uncontrolled proliferation resp. metabolism similar to human and experimental
      malignoma. The present state of biochemical knowledge in this field permits to
      describe the metabolic state of the afflicted tissue by means of enzyme activity
      and substrate pattern and to draw some conclusions in respect to the pathogenesis
      of inflammatory processes involved in chronic rheumatic diseases.

PMID- 1101573
TI  - [Serogrouping of Escherichia coli from urinary tract infections (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Serological grouping with 44 anti-O-sera was performed on 215 E. coli strains
      isolated from urine of patients with significant bacteriuria. 95 strains (44.2%)
      were typable, 34 strains (15.8%) proved to be rough strains, and 86 strains (40%)
      were untypbale. The O-groups 2, 6, 9 and 75 were found to be more frequent in
      patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Among pregnant women with asymptomatic
      bacteriuria a typical frequency was not observed.

PMID- 1101574
TI  - Profuse fimbriae conferring O-inagglutinability to several strains of S. typhi
      murium and S. enteritidis isolated from pasta products. Cultural, morphological,
      and serological experiments.
AB  - During the last 2 years several O-inagglutinable Salmonella strains were isolated
      from pasta products the typing of which presented great difficulties. Serological
      and morphological tests (by electron microscope) revealed a fimbrial antigen
      which was thermolabile to a certain degree. This antigen represents (in
      corroboration of J.P. Dugiud) a special type of fimbriae of Salmonella and is
      morphologically different from type 1 and typ3-2 fimbriae previously described.
      It is probably an abnormal mutant form of fimbriae. Morphologically
      characteristic are its very much finer structure of filaments (2,7 nm) (Type-1
      and type-2 of fimbriae measure in the range 6-8 nm.) and the 2,7 nm) (Type-1 and
      type-2 of fimbriae measure in the range 6-8 nm.). and the 2,7 nm) (Tpe-1 and type
      2 aof fimbriae measure in the range 6-8 nm.) and the 2,7 nm) (Tpe-1 and type-2 of
      fimbriae measure in the range 6-8 nm.) and the large number of filamentous
      appendages...

PMID- 1101575
TI  - [Contributions to the strain-specific virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans.
      Animal experiments with two C. neoformans-strains isolated from bird manure.
      Preliminary report (author's transl)].
AB  - The results briefly presented here highlight some of the observations met with
      during the course of a study aimed at finding out differential pathogenic
      behavior of the two strains of Cryptococcus neoformans i.e. W71/A117 and W2/A94
      with special reference to cryptococcoma formation. Both strains were isolated
      from bird excreta but differed in their gross and microscopic morphology. Groups
      of male albino mice NMRI were separately inoculated, intramuscularly, with a
      comparable dose of the two strains. All the 50 animals challenged with W71/A117
      developed macroscopically distinct cryptococcoma of variable size, and fatally
      progressive disease, involving most of the internal organs, namely, brain, heart,
      lung, liver, spleen and kidneys. On the contrary, only 34 of the 50 mice infected
      with the strain W2/A94 showed cryptococcoma formation at the site of inoculation,
      which were comparatively much smaller in size and gradually diminished. None of
      the animals, observed over a period of 93 days, died, and showed any sign of
      metastasis. In another series of experiment, only one instance of mortality was
      observed in a group of 80 mice inoculated intraperitoneally with about 2 X 10(7)
      viable cells of this strain. However, the fungus could be recovered, in a
      majority of cases, only from the brain of animals sacrificed after one month,
      though most of them showed no sign of sickness. The number of mice yielding
      positive cultures gradually decreased, and after 87 days the fungus could not be
      isolated from any organ. The high morbidity and mortality in mice caused by
      strains W71/A117 was significantly lowered when the animals were infected
      intramuscularly 3 months ago with the strain W2/A94. After an observation period
      of 61 days, 91% of the double infected animals were still alive in comparison to
      23% survival among the animals challenged with the strain W71/A117 only.

PMID- 1101576
TI  - [Studies on the relationship of temperent phages and bacteriocines of
      streptococcus faecium (author's transl)].
AB  - Two bacteriocins (enterocin E1A and E1B) as well as a complete bacteriophage
      (PE1) were produced by Streptococcus faecium strain E1. Although the phage could
      be demonstrated by electron microscopy it was not possible to observe phages or
      phage-like particles in the purified preparation of the large enterocin E1B.
      Phage PE1 had a much smaller activity spectrum than that of enterocin E1A and
      E1B, inhibiting only one strain of Streptococcus faecium and one strain of
      Streptococcus salivarius. The enterocins were not neutralized by antiphage sera,
      thereby suggesting that the enterocins and the phage are chemically unrelated.

PMID- 1101577
TI  - [The endotoxin from S-, R- and M-forms of enteropathogenic E. coli O 149:
      pyrogenicity, Shwartzman-phenomenon and hypersensitivity (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors are interested in elucidation of the role of endotoxin from S, R- and
      M-forms of E. coli O 149, and of the role of hypersensitivity in pathogenesis of
      Colibacillosis. It was shown in this experiment that all S, R- and M-form of E.
      coli O149 possess endotoxin with almost the same pyrogenicity in normal rabbits.
      The pyrogenicity increases enormously in the hypersensitized rabbit. There were
      also not observed differences between endotoxins extracted from S, R, M-mutnants.
      All 3 endotoxins evoke in normal rabbits the skin Shwartzman-Phenomenon, the S
      endotoxin was there much stronger. This phenomenon increases in capacity in
      hypersensitized rabbits. Thus again, the role of hypersensitivity in
      Colibacillosis was proved to be important.

PMID- 1101578
TI  - [Mucous (M) mutants of enteropathogenic, septicemic and saprophytic E. coli
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Mucoid M mutants of enteropathogenic (for suckling pigs), septicemic (for
      calves), and saprophytic E. Coli were subject of the study. The characteristics
      of the M colonies have been listed in Table 1. Both spontaneously occurring M
      mutants which had been isolated by culturing of E. coli strains (S form) in
      normal horse serum (undiluted) for several weeks were observed. Enzymatic
      biochemical tests revealed the existence of M mutants with full enzmatic activity
      which are identical with the homologous S and R forms. There were also M mutants
      exhibiting a considerably reduced enzymatic activity. Antigenic-serological
      analysis (agglutination) exhibited M mutants which were agglutinated by the
      homologous sera, at low and high titres. In contrast to this, one group of M
      mutants was found not to be agglutinable, despite autoclaving at 120 degrees C
      for 2 hours. Some mutants cultured in broth for several weeks were re-exhibiting
      S colonies of full biochemical activity and full antigen reactivity against
      homologous agglutinating sera.

PMID- 1101579
TI  - [Swarming phenomenon of an aeromonas spec (author's transl)].
AB  - A genuine swarming phenomenon, such as has previously been known to occur in
      Proteus, Bacillus and Clostridium species only, was observed in an Aeromonas
      species. Fig. 1 shows the terraced swarming zones of the Aeromonas species on
      nutrient agar. The swarming rate, expressed as the growth of the swarming zone
      per time unit, was measured to be 70-120 mum/min on blood agar at 30 degrees C.
      The swarming could be inhibited by incubation at 37 degrees C (Table 2), by low
      saline concentrations (Table 3) as well as by addition of 4-nitro-phenylglycerol
      to the medium (Table 4). A DIENES-phenomenon between the swarming zones of
      Proteus strains and that of the Aeromonas species could not be observed (Fig. 2).
      The manner of swarming as seen in phase contrast microscopy was the same kind as
      that of Proteus. Furthermore, it could be shown by means of light- and
      electronmicroscopical investigations that the swarming phenomenon is connected
      with changes in the cell morphology and the form of flagellation (Figs. 4 and 5).
      Whereas in broth cultures (Fig. 3) as well as in the centre of colonies on solid
      media (Fig. 5a) the cells appeared as cocoid rods with polar flagellation, they
      developed elongated forms at the edge of the swarming zone, which - either in
      addition to or devoid of the polar flagella - were peritrichously populated with
      thin, flagella-like filaments (Figs. tb, 6, 7 and 8). The discussion deals with
      the various forms of bacterial surface translocation and investigates into the
      role of peritrichous flagella or fimbriae in the swarming phenomenon.

PMID- 1101580
TI  - Minimal inhibitory dosage of rifampicin in intermittent treatment of
      Mycobacterium leprae infection in mice.
AB  - The total minimal inhibitory dose of rifampicin determined in the experimental
      mouse model, was found to be 10 mg/kg body weight, administered once a week for 6
      weeks or once every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. From these and other results it is
      suggested that administration of RMP in human treatment can be reduced to a total
      amount of 7.2 either as a 600 mg dose once a week for 12 weeks or as a 900 mg
      dose once a week for 8 weeks. At present these regimens can only be used as an
      introductory treatment for multibacillary cases and are still too expensive for
      developing countries, but their efficacy should be evaluated in the field as sole
      treatments in tuberculoid cases, since they could signify a substantial economy
      for the management of the majority of leprosy infections.

PMID- 1101581
TI  - A comparison of tests for nitrate reduction.
AB  - 504 strains of different bacteria have been tested for nitrate reduction by a
      conventional method and two microtests. A quick microtest for nitrate reduction
      is suggested allowing to read results after 1 hr cultivation. Nitrate reduction
      is a valuable test particularly for the species differentiation of the genera
      Bacillus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Alcalignes, Moraxella, and other ones.

PMID- 1101582
TI  - [Quantitative description of the resistance of microbiological indicators by
      means of characteristic data (author's transl)].
AB  - The ambiguity of the quantitative description of the resistance of
      microbiological indicators by means of the terms common thus far, namely
      "resistance" (maximal period of action after which all indicators still exhibit
      organisms capable of reproduction) and "death time" (minimal period of action
      after which organisms capable of reproduction cannot be demonstrated any more in
      any of the indicators) is shown. Among other factors, the probability that all
      indicators will yield identical findings (sterility or growth of surviving
      organisms) at a defined time, is dependent upon the number of indicators in each
      case. The more indicators are tested, the lower "resistance" and the later the
      "death time" will be. Instead of times when all indicators present an identical
      reaction, times (or values related to these times in a defined way) should be
      taken at which indicators show the absence of organisms or the presence of
      surviving ones with a defined frequency. There is a defined relationship between
      the frequency of indicators found free from (resp. containing) surviving
      organisms and the number of surviving organisms per indicator (cf. Figs. 1 and
      2). If the regularity of the decrease of organisms with the period of action of
      the destroying agent is known, 2 values are sufficient for a clear description of
      the resistance of a preparation of microbiological indicators. As characteristic
      values those values of action are proposed after which 99% and 1% of indicators
      will exhibit surviving organisms (t99% and t1%, respectively). The period during
      which the dependence of the frequency of presence of sterile indicators (po) upon
      the period of action of the destroying agent may be determined with sufficient
      precision and at justifiable experimental expenditure, is corresponding to a
      decrease of surviving organisms to appr. 1/30. From practical experience, it will
      be justified in the preponderant majority of cases to assume a logarithmic
      orderof death as given. Under such conditions, there will be a clear relationship
      between lg(-ln po) and the period of action of the destroying agent, so that test
      results may be easily evaluated by means of a simple graphical method or
      regression calculation. Graphical (FIG. 3) and mathematical determination of
      characteristic values from the frequency of indicators exhibitoring surviving
      organisms in the destruction test, after different periods of action, is
      explained by means of an example (Fig. 3; Tables 2 and 3) and a calculation
      (Table 1). To keep variation of experimental results sufficiently low, at least
      30 (if possible 50) indicators per period of action should be studied for
      surviving organisms (cf. Fig 4). When evaluating results, different weights of
      the individual values and their asymmetric distribution around a maximum at t80%
      (Fig 5) should be taken into consideration.

PMID- 1101583
TI  - [Comparative studies of methods of salmonella enrichment (author's transl)].
AB  - Eight different methods of salmonella enrichment were compared in two series of
      experiments involving 100 samples of whole-egg powder and 80 samples of frozen
      whole liquid egg, respectively. 66 out of a total of 100 samples of whole-egg
      powder had been artificially infected with varying numbers of S. typhi-murium; 60
      out of 80 samples of frozen whole liquid egg were found to be naturally infected
      with various salmonella species. 3 of the 8 methods (Table 1) were compared
      within an international collaborative study with 14 laboratories in 11 countries
      participating. A reduction of the pre-enrichment period from 18 to 6 hours and of
      volumes used in pre-enrichment and selective enrichment from 10 and 100 ml,
      respectively to 1 and 10 ml, respectively were found to have adverse influence
      upon the result of isolations, in particular in the case of weakly infected
      samples. In contrast, extended incubation over 48 hours as well as preparation of
      two sub-cultures on solid selective media following incubation of enrichment
      cultures over 18-24 hours and 42-48 hours, respectively always resulted in a
      certain increase of salmonella yield which, however, exhibited gradual
      differences for the individual methods examined. Preparation of a 2nd sub-culture
      meant, in particular, a decisive improvement of the result of isolations from
      artificially infected samples if selenite-cystine enrichment volumes were 10 and
      100 ml, respectively. The best results could be obtained by means of the
      following methods of enrichment: Pre-enrichment of material in buffered peptone
      water at 37 degrees C over 18 hours; pipetting of 10 ml inoculated and incubated
      pre-enriched material into 100 ml selenite-cystine or tetrathionate enrichment
      medium according to MULLER-KAUFFMANN; onward incubation of the enrichment culture
      at 43 degrees C over 48 hours; and preparation of sub-cultures on solid selective
      media after 24 and 48 hours. The method using tetrathionate enrichment medium was
      found to be most expensive, results, however, were the most consistent ones.

PMID- 1101584
TI  - [Utilization of LIN (lysine-indole-motility) medium for the preliminary
      identification of enteropathogenic bacteria].
AB  - A multiple-test medium for the routine laboratory identification of
      enteropathogenic bacteria is described. The medium has the following formula:
      Bacto-peptone (Difco) 5 g; yeast extract (Difco) 3 g; casein tryptic digest
      peptone (Merek) 15 g; glucose 1 g; L-lysine-monohydrochloride (Merck, No. 5700) 5
      g; NaCl 5 g; bromcresol purple 0.016 g; agar 2 g; distilled water 1000 ml; final
      pH 6.6. The medium is dispensed in amounts of 5 ml into tubes of 14 X 85 mm and
      autoclaved at 120 degrees C for 10 min. The tubes are tightly closed with rubber
      stoppers. - The medium is inoculated by stabbing to the bottom of the tube.
      Readings are made after over-night incubation at 37 degrees C. A scheme for the
      preliminary identification of enteropathogenic bacteria is given, based on LIM
      medium in conjunction with Kligler's iron agar, and the oxidase reaction.

PMID- 1101585
TI  - [The application of chorioallantois membranes of chicken embryos for the
      virulence determination of Nocardia asteroides (author's transl)].
AB  - The pathogenicity of Nocardia asteroides and other strains of different Nocardia
      species against chicken embryos was investigated. The strains were inoculated on
      the chorioallantois membrane of embryonated eggs and the resulting lesions were
      judged. 55 Nocardia asteroides strains and some strains of the species N.
      brasiliensis, N. leishmanii, N. caviae, N. (Actinomadura) madurae, N. caprae, N.
      rubra, N. pellegrini, N. corallina and N. polychromogenes were studied. 47
      strains of the species N. asteroides were pathogenic, 2 apathogenic and 6 strains
      showed doubtful results. All the investigated 5 strains of the species N.
      brasiliensis, N. leishmanii, N. caviae and N. (Actinomadura) madurae, provoked
      typical lesions on the chorioallantois membrane. The other investigated strains
      were apathogenic. With this, described test it is possible to distinguish between
      pathogenic and apathogenic Nocardia strains, which is indeed important for the
      diagnosis of Nocardia infection.

PMID- 1101586
TI  - [Phagocytosis and intracellular proliferation of Nocardia asteroides (strain
      Weipheld) in cell structures in vitro. 1. Alveolar macrophages of guinea-pigs
      (author's transl)].
AB  - Phagocytosis and intracellular proliferation of Nocardia asteroides (Weipheld)
      were studied in alveolar macrophages from normal guinea-pigs that had been
      immunized in two stages and guinea-pigs that had undergone long-term cortisone
      treatment (28 mg/kg/day over 30 days). The highest phagocytosis values were found
      in the guinea-pigs that had been immunized in two stages (3.85-6.82%). In the
      case of normal macrophages, values of 2.90-4.95% were observed. The lowest values
      (2.10-3.6%) were found for macrophages from those guinea-pigs that had been
      treated with hydrocortisone. Differences between the groups were statistically
      significant. Following phagocytosis, the phagocytosis index was seen rising in
      all three groups, reaching its highest values for alveolar macrophages from the
      cortisone-treated guinea-pigs (after 8 hours - 1.15). The cytotoxic effects of
      Nocardia upon the cells in the lung washing liquid from normal guinea-pigs
      immunized in two steps and guinea-pigs treated with high cortisone doses over an
      extended period were exhibiting identical trends. After 8 hours' exposure, 22.6%
      dead and decayed cells were found, against 5.9% in normal controls. Leucocytes
      proved to be most susceptible to the cytotoxic effect of Nocardia; alveolar
      macrophages were less and small lymphocytes least susceptible.

PMID- 1101587
TI  - Selective involvement of the brain in experimental murine cryptococcosis. I.
      Microbiological observations.
AB  - During the course of infection in intraperitoneally infected white mice with a
      particular strain of Cryptococcus neoformans, it was possible to observe a time
      limited and selective presence of the fungus in the brain. The presence of the
      fungus in the brain without causing clinical symptoms and the rare mortal
      exacerbation of the brain involvement offers possibilities for comparative
      studies of experimental and human cryptococcosis. On the basis of these strain
      specific results new aspects of the virulence of C. neoformans and the
      epidemiology of cryptococcosis are discussed.

PMID- 1101588
TI  - [Role of chronic toxoplasmosis infection in pathology of the nervous system and
      eyes in adults].
AB  - The authors conducted a statistical correlation of frequencies of neurological
      and ophthalmological pathology in a group of patients with different disorders of
      the nervous system, where 556 had positive and 788 negative seroallergical
      reactions to toxoplasmosis. It was possible to establish that most of the
      neurological and ophthalmological symptoms of toxoplasmosis were significantly
      more frequent in individuals of the first group, except patients with
      disseminated sclerosis, myopathy and myasthenia.

PMID- 1101589
TI  - [Place of the clinic in studying the nature of schizophrenia].
AB  - For successful international studies it is necessary to overcome differences in
      national psychiatry that are conditioned by the existing clinical methods of
      research. However, this method is necessary for a cognition of the substrate of a
      disease as it depicts regularities of clinical expressions of a disease. An
      example of that is given by Jackson who displayed a correlation between the
      positive and negative symptoms in a psychosis. This concept is considered from
      the point of view of relations between adaptive reactions of the organism and a
      breakage (Pavlov, Davidovsky) and in connection with the nozological problems.

PMID- 1101590
TI  - [Lithium prophylaxis].
AB  - The author considers some difficulties and discrepancies in the diagnosis of
      schizophrenia, schizo-affective psychoses on the one hand and manic-depressive
      psychosis on the other in a group of out-patients receiving treatment with
      lithium for the prophylaxis of affective disorders. Factors common to both groups
      and being the basis for the selection of lithium prophylaxis are considered.
      Special attention in these cases is paid to the course of the disease.

PMID- 1101591
TI  - Witold Brzeski, 1914-1975.

PMID- 1101592
TI  - Homolanthionine in fungi: accumulation in the methionine-requiring mutants of
      Aspergillus nidulans.
AB  - Homolanthionine, a higher homologue of cystathionine, was found to accumulate in
      the mutants of Aspergillus nidulan impaired in the synthesis of methionine from
      homocysteine. The additional introduction of mutation resulting in a block at
      cystathionine gamma-synthase but not at cystathionine beta-synthase abolishes
      accumulation of both homolanthionine and cystathionine. This suggests a possible
      participation of cystathionine gamma-synthase in homolanthionine synthesis.

PMID- 1101593
TI  - [Influence of BCG on the production of antibody-forming cells in the primary and
      secondary immune response against sheep erythrocytes in the mouse].
AB  - Adult mice react with an increased production of PFC (plaque-forming cells)
      against sheep erythrocytes (SE). in the primary immune response after application
      of BCG. Animals receiving 0,5 mg of BCG 10 days before SE show an increase in
      direct PFC of more than 50%. No effect was observed after injecting BCG 14 or 5
      days before SE or using a dose of 0,1 mg of BCG. The results indicate that the
      effect of BCG on the humoral immune response is influenced by the interval
      between application of BCG and the SE as well as the BCG-dose. By contrast, BCG
      had no significant influence on the secondary humoral immune response. In a few
      cases the immune response seemed to be suppressed.

PMID- 1101594
TI  - [75th birthday of Prof. Jan Knobloch, M.D. D.Sc].

PMID- 1101595
TI  - Central venous catheterization through the basilic vein or by infraclavicular
      puncture? A controlled trial.
AB  - Central venous catheterization through the basilic vein and by infraclavicular
      puncture of the subclavian vein was compared in a trial with random allocation to
      125 candidate patients. The catheters were inserted via the two routes with
      roughly equal success rates. Subclavian catheters were maintained better for the
      period required than were basilic catheters. The infraclavicular puncture caused
      initial, and basilic catheterization, late complications. Consequently,
      infraclavicular puncture is preferable for long-term, and basilic catheterization
      for short-term, needs.

PMID- 1101596
TI  - Surgical treatment of 102 tendo achillis ruptures-- suture or tenontoplasty?
AB  - A series of 102 patients with total subcutaneous rupture of the achilles tendon
      treated surgically from 1944 to 1972 is presneted. All patients were treated
      early after the acute event, and the diagnosis was made on clinical examination.
      Group I comprises 54 patients treated over the first part of the period by simple
      tendon suture, and group II comprises 48 patients from the second part of the
      period treated by tenontoplasty ad modum Silfverskjold. The results in the two
      groups are compared and also contrasted with the results following conservative
      treatment more recently reported. Operative treatment is recommended rather than
      conservative bandaging. There were no recurrent ruptures in group II, but 2
      patients in group I had rupture recurrence. The functional results were not
      statistically significantly different in the two groups. There was no operative
      mortality. Surgical complications were infrequent, and, in general, did not
      affect the period of treatment, nor the duration of incapacity. Recent studies
      reported in the literature cast doubt on frequent previous reports of
      pathological changes in the tendon predisposing to rupture. Some constitutional
      weakness would appear to be etiological from this study where some familial
      incidence was noted, and particularly there was an incidence of not simultaneous
      bilateral rupture. The risk of contralateral rupture if patients returned to
      sporting activity to the same extent as before the primary injury was 26% (12
      45%).

PMID- 1101597
TI  - Studies on the duct-ligated pancreas as allograft for islet cell function.
AB  - Twenty previously pancreatectomized dogs were heterotopically transplanted with
      duct-ligated allografts. Sixteen of the grafts were preserved for 24 hours, nine
      with continuous hypothermic albumin perfusion, seven with hypothermic storage.
      Five dogs died from early postoperative bleedings. Fifteen surviving dogs had a
      satisfying endocrine function assessed by blood glucose and serum insulin during
      fasting and after glucose load. In six dogs the glucagon release from the graft
      was investigated and significant release was evident in all dogs. A high release
      was found after L-arginine stimulation. The endocrine function was satisfying
      after 24 hour preservation both with hypothermic storage and continuous
      hypothermic albumin perfusion. During such perfusion the pancreas became very
      oedematous. This did not influence on the outcome of the transplantation. The
      grafts were enlarged four to eight days after transplantation. Oedema, fibrotic
      changes and collagen depositions in the interstitial tissue were observed in
      light microscopy. These changes seemed to come earlier in glands preserved for 24
      hours. Islet cells were identified in all functioning grafts and seemed
      histopathologically and ultrastructurally unchanged. A duct-ligated pancreatic
      segment was allografted to one diabetic patient in a pilot experiment. There was
      a satisfying endocrine function for 40 days. After that the graft became necrotic
      due to thrombus formation.

PMID- 1101598
TI  - Purification and characterisation of two porcine hypothalamic fractions with LH
      releasing activity: evidence for a single LH and FSH-releasing hormone.
AB  - Two fractions with LH releasing activity were obtained from porcine hypothalami
      by Enzmann et al. (1972). These fractions were designated E 57 and E 203. By
      comparison with pure natural LH-RH and synthetic LH-RH, E 203 was identified as
      purified natural LH-RH. E 57, which has only 25% of the activity of E 203, was
      further evaluated for its biological and immunological activity. E 57 has the
      same ratio of LH/FSH-releasing activity as natural LH-RH. The binding to a
      specific LH-RH antiserum is identical with that of natural LH-RH and E 203. It is
      concluded, that E 57 is an artifact of isolation derived from natural LH-RH.
      These findings can be considered as additional evidence for the identity of the
      hypothalamic LH and FSH releasing hormone, since both gonadotrophins are
      stimulated by the two hypothalamic fractions.

PMID- 1101599
TI  - Acute effects of exogenous growth hormone in man: time- and dose-bound
      modification of glucose tolerance and glucose-induced insulin release.
AB  - The time and dose dependency of the effects of a 30-min long iv infusion of human
      growth hormone (GH) on glucose tolerance and glucose-stimulated insulin release
      was investigated in 19 healthy subjects. Glucose tolerance deteriorated
      immediately following GH, and the k-value continued to decrease up to 300 min
      later. A small but significant reduction of glucose tolerance persisted 24 h
      after GH administration. Significant deterioration of glucose tolerance was
      observed with the smallest GH dose used (5 mug per kg body weight), increasing
      the amount of the hormone having no further major influence. Glucose-stimulated
      insulin release was significantly inhibited 1 h after administration of a
      relatively high GH dose (40 mug per kg), both if expressed as mean plasma insulin
      levels, or as insulin release per magnitude of glucose stimulation (insulinogenic
      index). In the majority of subjects, insulin release was inhibited also by lower
      GH doses (5-20 mug GH per kg). However, the mean change with these doses was not
      statistically significant. The inhibitory effect of GH on insulin secretion
      seemed to have a duration of several hours. Five hours, but not 24 h, after GH
      administration (10 mug GH per kg) insulin release was still significantly
      suppressed. It is suggested that the initial effect of GH on pancreatic beta
      cells may be inhibition of insulin release, in contrast with the enhancement of
      insulin secretion observed during chronic administration of GH.

PMID- 1101600
TI  - Radioimmunoassay of human prolactin (PRL).
AB  - A simple and rapid homologous radioimmunoassay of human prolactin (hPRL), by the
      use of 66% ethanol containing 6.6% ammonium acetate for the separation of free
      and bound hormones, has been established. PRL levels showed marked individual and
      daily variations as well as a circadian periodicity in both men and women. Levels
      of plasma PRL rose with puberty and decreased during post-menopause and in
      elderly men (ages 60-73 years). There was no marked change in plasma PRL levels
      at midcycle; however, in some subjects, luteal levels were slightly higher than
      follicular levels. Administration of oestradiol-17beta caused marked increase in
      plasma PRL levels during menstrual cycle. During pregnancy, the plasma PRL levels
      rose as high as 200 ng/ml and decreased within a week or two post-partum. During
      lactation, the levels were higher and increased with suckling. In a patient with
      habitual abortion, the plasma PRL level showed a sudden drop prior to abortion.
      Administration of LH-RH had no effect on the secretion of PRL in human subjects.

PMID- 1101601
TI  - Response to pentagastrin in man. III. Comparison of two formulations.
AB  - Gastric secretion has been studied in response to the standard preparation of
      pentagastrin and a new, more stable preparation (pentagastrin meglumine). The
      sensitivity to, and maximal outputs of acid and pepsin elicited by, the two
      preparations of pentagastrin did not differ. However, the pentagastrin meglumine
      evoked a better sustained acid secretion with all dose rates than did the
      standard pentagastrin.

PMID- 1101602
TI  - Evaluation of impedance cardiography as a non-invasive means of measuring
      systolic time intervals and cardiac output.
AB  - Impedance cardiography was used for non-invasive determinations of systolic time
      intervals (STI) and cardiac output. The results were compared with simultaneously
      obtained invasive measurements of STI from central aortic pressure curves and of
      cardiac output using the dye-dilution technique. The study was performed on eight
      dogs during increasing halothane concentration. A close correlation was found
      between non-invasively and invasively measured left ventricular ejection time =
      LVET (r = 0.986) and pre-ejection period - PEP (r - 0.948). Measurements of
      cardiac output derived from changes in thoracic impedance were determined 1)
      using a fixed value of p (p - the resistivity of blood) and 2) using an
      individual value of p based on the actual hematocrits. When compared to cardiac
      outputs obtained by dye-dilution the correlation coefficients were r = 0.806 and
      r = 0.816, respectively. Impedance cardiography is a useful method of evaluating
      changes in cardiac output. The method permits simultaneous observations of
      changes in STI and cardiac output as an index of cardiac function.

PMID- 1101603
TI  - Paracervical block with etidocaine for out-patient abortion.
AB  - Paracervical block using etidocaine 0.5 % and 1.0 % without adrenaline proved to
      be an effective anaesthetic procedure for first trimester abortion performed by
      surgical dilatation of the cervix and subsequent vacuum suction. Three blocks out
      of 24 were inadequate, probably due to inaccurate deposition of the local
      anaesthetic. There were two adverse reactions, possibly as a result of
      inadvertant intravascular injection. The need for long-acting agents for the
      present indication is questioned.

PMID- 1101604
TI  - Acute intravenous tolerance of etidocaine.
AB  - Etidocaine can be said to be midway between lidocaine and bupivacaine in respect
      to its toxicity. Its therapeutic ratio will depend on a more exact comparison of
      the clinical efficacy of the three agents.

PMID- 1101605
TI  - Summary of clinical investigations of etidocaine (Duranest).

PMID- 1101606
TI  - A comparative study between etidocaine and bupivacaine in ulnar nerve block.
AB  - The long-acting local anaesthetics bupivacaine and etidocaine were compared in a
      double-blind study using ulnar nerve block. Eleven volunteers took part in the
      study. Solutions used were: bupivacaine 0.25% and 0.5% and etidocaine 0.5% and 1
      %. All solutions contained adrenaline 5 mug/ml. The time of onset and duration of
      analgesia and motor block, degree of motor block, and changes in skin temperature
      were investigated. The results did not show any differences in the duration of
      sensory of motor block. Differences were seen in the degree of motor block in
      favour of etidocaine. The sympathetic block seemed to be more intense and of
      longer duration with bupivacaine. Etidocaine had a shorter time of onset in all
      nerve fibres.

PMID- 1101607
TI  - Blocking characteristics of etidocaine (Duranest).

PMID- 1101608
TI  - Axillary plexus block with etidocaine.
AB  - Axillary plexus block has been used to compare 0.5% and 1.0% etidocaine (with
      adrenaline 5 mug/ml) in 32 patients in an open label study. The injected volume
      was 30 ml. The time to total analgesia and motor block was around 10-12 minutes.
      Complete block was achieved in more than 97% of cases. The duration of total
      analgesia and motor block was 6-7 hours. The time from injection to return of
      total sensation and motility was 8.5-10 hours. Adequate analgesia was achieved in
      all patients but two (one in each group). No noteworthy differences were found
      between the two solutions.

PMID- 1101609
TI  - Supraclavicular brachial plexus block with etidocaine without vasoconstrictor.
      Preliminary report.
AB  - When used for supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks, etidocaine 1% gave a quick
      and sufficient onset. Its duration was longer than that of mepivacaine 2%, and
      equal to that of bupivacaine 0.5%. Onset times for etidocaine 0.5% and
      bupivacaine 0.5% were about equal, but the former seemed to give a more profound
      motor block. The duration of etidocaine 0.5% was shorter than that of bupivacaine
      0.5%. The long-acting agents showed great variations in duration, and they all
      had longer regression times than mepivacaine. No serious pharmacological side
      effects were observed during this study, and so far there are no reports on
      neurological sequelae.

PMID- 1101610
TI  - Intercostal blocks with etidocaine. Preliminary report.
AB  - Although the results are few and should be considered as preliminary, the
      following conclusions may be drawn: 1. Etidocaine 0.5% and bupivacaine 0.5%, both
      with adrenaline (5 mug/ml), are comparable with regard to duration of sensory
      block. 2. Etidocaine 0.5% without adrenaline did not give the same duration of
      complete sensory block as when adrenaline was present. 3. Etidocaine 0.5% acts as
      a vasodilator at the site of injection. Adrenaline added to the solution
      counteracts the dilating effect. 4. Blood level studies of etidocaine do not at
      present show differences when 0.5% solution with or without adrenaline is used.

PMID- 1101611
TI  - Comparative study with etidocaine and bupivacaine in epidural block.
AB  - Etidocaine 1% and bupivacaine 0.5% (both with adrenaline 5 mug/ml) have been
      compared in a double blind study in epidural analgesia. Time of onset, duration,
      recession of analgesia and intensity as well as frequency of motor blockade were
      recorded in a selected group of patients undergoing varicose vein stripping. The
      onset of action of etidocaine was more rapid. Duration, recession and intensity
      of analgesia were similar for the two drugs. The main difference between them was
      that etidocaine produced a higher frequency and greater intensity of motor
      blockade.

PMID- 1101612
TI  - Experience with etidocaine and bupivacaine in epidural analgesia.

PMID- 1101613
TI  - Effects of different concentrations of adrenaline on epidural analgesia with
      etidocaine.

PMID- 1101614
TI  - Comparison between bupivacaine and etidocaine in lumbar epidural block for
      urological surgery.
AB  - Lumbar epidural blocks produced by 17 ml of etidocaine 1% or bupivacaine 0.5%,
      both with adrenaline (5 mug/ml), have been compared in a double-blind trial in 40
      patients, all scheduled for elective urological surgery. The onset time and
      segmental spread of analgesia, tested by pinprick and thermal pain, seemed to be
      slightly shorter with etidocaine (not statistically significant). The duration of
      analgesia and the blood-pressure changes were comparable with both drugs. The
      incidence and intensity of motor block were higher with etidocaine.

PMID- 1101615
TI  - Thoracic epidural analgesia -- a double blind study between etidocaine and
      bupivacaine.
AB  - In a double-blind study on 40 patients for elective upper abdominal surgery,
      measurements was made of onset time, duration and segmental spread of analgesia,
      systolic blood pressure, heart rate and peak expiratory flow during thoracic
      epidural analgesia with etidocaine 1% and bupivacaine 0.5%, both containing
      adrenaline 5 mug/ml. No major differences were found between the two agents. The
      results differ in many aspects from those obtained with these agents in lumbar
      epidural analgesia.

PMID- 1101616
TI  - Relief of pain following upper abdominal operations by thoracic epidural block
      with etidocaine.
AB  - Bupivacaine and etidocaine were compared in 0.375% and 0.5% solutions (without
      adrenaline) in a double-blind study in thoracic epidural analgesia following
      upper abdominal surgery. Special regard was taken to duration and adequacy of
      analgesia and changes in motor function. Duration of analgesia was roughly
      comparable for all four solutions. Bupivacaine 0.375% and etidocaine 0.5% seemed
      to be appropriate concentrations for adequate pain relief. Motor function, as
      assessed by changes in FVC, FEV1 and PEFR was not influenced to any greater
      extent. A progressive fall in FVC with successive injections, indicating
      increasing motor weakness, did not occur.

PMID- 1101617
TI  - Bupivacaine and etidocaine in epidural block for post-operative relief of pain.

PMID- 1101618
TI  - A double-blind trial of bupivacaine and etidocaine in epidural block for surgical
      induction of labour.
AB  - Compared to bupivacaine, etidocaine has a quicker onset of action both in terms
      of initial analgesia and time taken to reach maximal extent of analgesia.
      ;owever, its duration of action is significantly shorter and it produces a
      striking degree of motor loss. These last two properties make etidocaine
      relatively unsuitable for obstetric practice, where a long duration of action and
      a reasonable mobility are desirable. However, it has been found useful for
      forceps delivery, because of the good muscle relaxation obtained and, because of
      its greater penetration, in abolishing the missed segments sometimes seen with
      bupivacaine.

PMID- 1101619
TI  - A double-blind comparison of single doses of etidocaine 1 % and bupivacaine 0.5 %
      during continuous lumbar epidural block in obstetrics.
AB  - A double-blind investigation of some of the effects of etidocaine 1 % and
      bupivacaine 0.5 % was undertaken in patients in established labour. The results
      showed that the duration of bupivacaine was significantly longer than that of
      etidocaine, while the number of patients with good analgesia was equal in both
      groups. Motor blockade was less obvious in those patients receiving bupivacaine,
      but in neither group was this a finding of importance. At 5 minutes the Apgar
      scores of neonates from both groups were similar and any differences seen at 1
      minute may be attributable to factors other than the drugs on trial.

PMID- 1101620
TI  - [In memory of the late Dr. Kurahiko Takahata].

PMID- 1101621
TI  - Virus-like particles in Creutzfeldt-Jakob biopsy material.
AB  - In an electron microscopic study of brain biopsy material from 6 patients with
      Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, virus-like particles resembling herpes have been seen.
      These particles were found only in reactive astrocytes. In 2 out of 6 Creutzfeldt
      Jacob brain biopsies some profiles were filled with tubular structures resembling
      the nucleocapsid of paramyxovirus. The findings are compared with other
      neurological conditions.

PMID- 1101622
TI  - [Obituary. Prof. Ernst Frauchinger, M.D., Bern].

PMID- 1101623
TI  - Tissue culture study of a sacrococcygeal chordoma with further ultrastructural
      study.
AB  - This report concerns an electron microscopic study of a sacrococcygeal chordoma
      and its in vitro cultured cells. In vitro, the cells that proliferated in the
      early phase were predominantly non-vacuolated stellate cells, which were later
      transformed into vacuolated cells. This suggests that various cell types seen in
      vivo represent variants of the same cell type at different stages of
      differentiation and cellular activity. The in vitro tumor cells also show the
      origin of their vacuoles from both rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi
      membranes. The finding of amorphous and granular material and collagen fibrils in
      the extracellular spaces of cultured cells seems to suggest that chordoma cells
      have certain synthetic and secretory activity.

PMID- 1101624
TI  - Intravitreal injection of vancomycin in experimental staphylococcal
      endophthalmitis.
AB  - Toxicity, clearance, and therapeutic effectiveness of intravitreal vancomycin
      hydrochloride injection in experimentally induced staphylococcal endophthalmitis
      were evaluated. Vancomycin was found to be nontoxic in a single, 1 mg/0.1 ml
      intravitreal dose. Therapeutic levels of vancomycin were present in the vitreous
      for over 72 hours and in the aqueous during a period from 6 to 48 hours after
      injection. Injection of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus produced a
      panophthalmitis in our systemically treated controls, whereas in the rabbits
      treated by intraocular injection, the course of the infection was significantly
      altered.

PMID- 1101625
TI  - Histocompatibility matching in poor-prognosis penetrating keratoplasty.
AB  - Rabbits were haplotyped for the major rabbit leukocyte-locus A (RL-A locus),
      which is analogous to the human leukocyte-locus A (HL-A locus). The rabbits were
      divided into five groups, and the groups were arranged to provide a controlled
      experimental setting. Standardized alkali burns were induced in selected groups
      to produce heavy vascularization of the corneal bed. Groups with completely
      histocompatible corneal donors for the RL-A locus had a 9 out of 10 success rate
      when keratoplasty was performed on a vascularized bed. Another group of rabbits
      mismatched at the RL-A locus with histoincompatible corneal donors were prepared
      in the same manner and had a success rate of 1 out 9. A probable significant
      difference (P less than 0.005) using Fischer's exact test was found between the
      two groups.

PMID- 1101626
TI  - Conjunctival sensitivity in pathological cases, with simultaneous measurement of
      corneal and lid margin sensitivity.
AB  - A total of 209 pathological eyes each had 17 localities tested for sensitivity
      (cornea, caruncle, upper and lower lid margins (centrally, medially and
      laterally), and corresponding localities on the palpebral conjunctiva, and upper
      and lower halves of the bulbar conjunctiva). Reduced conjunctival sensitivity is
      seen in pemphigoid (excluding the lid margin) in contact lens wearers, at sites
      of nerves transected during operation and in rare cases of infectious
      conjunctivitis. Isolated corneal hypaesthesia is seen in bacterial or fungal
      keratitis. In herpes, the hypaesthesia extends over the bulbar conjunctiva, in
      zoster, over wider areas (including the lid margin). The sensitivity is normal in
      keratoconjunctivitis sicca and chronic conjunctivitis. In neurological diseases
      the hyposensitivity could include the cornea, conjunctiva and lid margin. The
      conclusion is drawn that a study of the conjunctivo-corneal sensitivity can give
      differential diagnostic information, provided the normal sensitivity range is
      known. This has been set out in a Table in 10-year age groups.

PMID- 1101627
TI  - The pattern of new bone formation in isografts of bone.
AB  - The pattern of new bone formation has been studied in isografts of fresh iliac
      bone and also in isografts of dead or irradiated iliac bone. Two phases of
      osteogenesis have been found in some fresh grafts. An early phase occurs during
      the first 3 weeks after transplantation, whilst the second phase is found after 8
      weeks. The first phase is absent from non-viable grafts and it is therefore
      concluded that cells of the grafts are largely responsible for this early
      osteogenesis. The second phase, it is suggested, has a major host component, and
      may be due to induction of osteogenic potential in host mesenchymal cells. There
      may be some dependence of the second phase on the first but the extent is not
      clear. Removal of the bone marrow from the graft has little effect upon the first
      phase of new bone formation and it is suggested that surviving endosteal cells
      are the main participants in early osteogenesis.

PMID- 1101628
TI  - Strontium-85 profile counting in fractures of the tibial shaft.
AB  - A total of 203 profile countings were performed on 68 fractures of the tibial
      shaft, which included 25 normally healing cases, 37 cases of delayed union, and
      six cases of non-union. The measurements were performed on the 1st and the 7th
      day after the injection of strontium. In 27 cases the fracture received 2-3
      strontium injections with associated profile counting at different stages of the
      healing process. The cases of normally healing fractures and delayed union showed
      differences in the average strontium uptake. However, these differences were not
      distinct enough to enable classification of individual fractures into groups. In
      cases requiring bone grafting, the transplant was found to accelerate metabolism
      and increase the accretion of strontium at the site of the fracture. The
      investigation shows that the real value of strontium profile counting lies in its
      ability to give information about the osteogenetic activity of the bone, which is
      a necessary prerequisite for the healing of the fracture.

PMID- 1101629
TI  - A novel titanium rabbit ear chamber for vital microscopy of bone tissue.
AB  - Seventy-eight small titanium-glass culture chambers of own design for vital
      microscopy of bone tissue were inserted in the ears in 41 rabbits. After
      insertion without removing the cartilage on the inner side of ears not previously
      operated upon, 44 out of 56 chambers (79 per cent) became vascularized. It proved
      satisfactory for bright field, fluorescence and polarized light microscopical
      observations of living bone tissue for half a year or longer.

PMID- 1101630
TI  - Vital microscopy of bone remodelling in rabbit ear chambers.

PMID- 1101631
TI  - Osteogenesis in rabbit ear chambers.
AB  - Heterotopic osteogenesis was studied in vivo by grafting 246 bone tissue grafts
      onto 39 cultures chambers inserted in the ears of 27 rabbits. Bone formation was
      obtained from 23 out of 24 autografts placed inside the optical part (greater
      than 0.1 mm deep) of 8 ear chambers. No bone tissue formation was observed in the
      optical part (less than 0.1 mm deep) of 23 chambers in which a total of 129
      autografts had been placed in a communicating deeper non-optical part. Bone
      formation was always obtained after autografting bone tissue to the non-optical
      part of a titanium-glass ear chamber of own design, and bone tissue entered the
      optical part of these chambers when this was deeper than 0.1 mm. The possible
      source of bone formation in rabbit ear chambers is mentioned. Resorption of bone
      tissue autografts was regularly obtained.

PMID- 1101632
TI  - Bone remodelling in rabbit ear chambers. A vital microscopical and histological
      study.
AB  - Heterotopic autologous bone tissue was studied by vital microscopy in rabbit ear
      chambers and correlated with the findings from histological sections prepared
      from the same tissue. The in vivo morphology and remodelling of different bone
      types were thereby characterized. Autografts were resorbed in a disordered
      fashion by osteoclasts and woven-fibred bone tissue formed on such grafts. Later
      parallel-fibred bone, bounded by a seam of osteoid tissue, formed on this
      scaffold. Bone flakes growing underneath the cover glass were remodelled into
      shallow hemi-ossicles containing fat marrow, which were always oriented towards
      the cover glass. Following en bloc removal of the central part of the bone
      culture, woven-fibred bone rapidly formed within the new connective tissue,
      filling in the empty space. Such bone was remodelled into cancellous bone
      containing fat marrow. A balance between resorption and formation was regularly
      established in the chambers. The bone cultures were thus useful for vital
      microscopical studies for half a year or longer. In the present study bone
      remodelling in rabbit ear chambers closely resembled that of orthotopics bone.
      Ear chamber bone cultures are therefore a versatile in vivo biological model for
      dynamic bone tissue studies at both tissue and cellular levels.

PMID- 1101633
TI  - Effect of indomethacin on bone remodelling in rabbit ear chambers.
AB  - The effect of indomethacin medication on bone tissue resorption and formation was
      assessed by qualitative and quantitative microscopy in vivo in 18 rabbit ear
      chambers in 12 rabbits. Five bone tissue experiments were carried out during half
      a year using the rabbits as their own controls. One daily oral indomethacin
      dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight given for 3 weeks inhibited resorption of bone
      autografts in this type of vital chamber and thus inhibited disordered
      osteoclastic activity. The effect of indomethacin on ordered osteoclastic
      activity was not quantitated, nor was its effect on parallel-fibred bone tissue
      formation assessed. The same dosage of indomethacin clearly retarded woven-fibred
      bone tissue formation (by 1 week) as compared to control experiments, in which
      the chambers were used as their own controls. It is concluded that indomethacin
      treatment of patients liable to develop para-articular ossifications therefore
      seems rational. Indomethacin and drug-induced arthropathy of the hip-joint is
      discussed in relation to the presented results. A final appraisal of the role of
      indomethacin in this complex process must await additional material.

PMID- 1101634
TI  - An interactive program for the analysis of ENG tracings.
AB  - An interactive program for clinical and research evaluation of vestibular
      nystagmus has been developed. Because of the interactive structure of the
      program, the clinician can make immediate decisions on the interpretation of
      controversial aspects of the nystagmogram; therefore even the more irregular and
      noisy ENG tracings, frequently obtained from pathological subjects, can be easily
      processed. In this way, speed and accuracy of computer processing are coupled
      with intelligent activity and critical judgement of the clinical evaluation. The
      program can be implemented on a general purpose minicomputer and no specific
      technical training is required for its use. The structure of the program and the
      operations performed by main subsystems are discussed in detail. Examples of ENG
      tracings processed with the program are reported.

PMID- 1101635
TI  - Experimental studies on the treatment of unilateral vocal cord paralysis.
AB  - After the injection of Teflon and Silicon behind the vocal cords of sheeps we
      noticed that these materials are quite well supported. The little particles of
      Teflon are surrounded by conjective tissue wheras the Silicon is enclosed in an
      unic membrane. We could not see a migration of the materials in the depth.

PMID- 1101636
TI  - Planar relationships of the semicircular canals in man.
AB  - Principal-component analyses were determined on a series of points measured from
      the dissected bony labyrinth of ten human skulls, resulting in planar equations
      for each of the six semicircular canals. Following this, angles were calculated
      between the ipsilateral canal planes, between opposite synergistically acting
      canal planes and between each canal and the Reid stereotaxic planes. Results
      indicated that pairs of ipsilateral canals were nearly perpendicular, with the
      excpetion of the angle formed between the anterior and horizontal canal (mean =
      111 degrees). Pairs of contralateral synergistic canal planes formed angles of 19
      degrees between right and left horizontal canal planes and 23-24 degrees between
      vertical canal pairs. The horizontal canals formed an angle of 25 degrees with
      the Reid horizontal plane. Mathematical equations of the semicircular canals were
      used to predict the optimal head position for rotational and caloric stimulation.

PMID- 1101637
TI  - The orientation of the semicircular canals in the guinea pig.
AB  - In 10 adult guinea pigs the stereotaxic coordinates of a series of points along
      each osseous semicircular canal were analysed to yield an equation of that canal
      plane in stereotaxic space. Angular relationships among the canal planes and
      between the canal planes and the major stereotaxic planes are presented together
      with the optimal positions of the head for physiological stimulation of each
      canal or pair of synergistic canals. The planes of the semicircular canals in
      each labyrinth are not perpendicular to one another and the planes of
      contralateral synergistic canals depart from parallelism by about 30 degrees.

PMID- 1101638
TI  - Survival after haemorrhage from the brachiocephalic truncus following
      tracheostomy.
AB  - A patient with two massive haemorrhages from the brachiocephalic truncus after
      tracheostomy is reported. An analysis of 6 previously reported long-term
      survivors following this complication shows that the initial care in controlling
      the haemorrhage is of major importance. The operation method of choice is
      permanent division of the brachiocephalic truncus. Transitory or no neurological
      postoperative complications were found.

PMID- 1101639
TI  - Elevation of diphenylhydantoin and primidone serum concentration by addition of
      dipropylacetate, a new anticonvulsant drug.

PMID- 1101640
TI  - Indicator dilution studies by earpiece densitometry infants and children with
      cardiovascular disease, a collection of articles.

PMID- 1101641
TI  - III. Evaluation of the forward triangle area in dye curves from infants and
      children studied by earpiece densitometry.
AB  - Onehundred and six dye curves recorded by earpiece densitometry in shunt-free
      children were analysed with respect to the spatial relationships between the
      forward triangle and the area under the total primary dye curve. It is suggested
      that the relationship between these two areas, the forward triangle factor,
      should be 0.32 for studies in children with the use of dichromatic earpiece
      densitometry.

PMID- 1101642
TI  - IV. Evaluation of dichromatic earpiece densitometry in children with left-to
      right shunts.
AB  - Earpiece densitometry was performed in 60 infants and children with left-to-right
      cardiovascular shunts. The method was found to possess a high diagnostic
      sensitivity with respect to identification of the left-to-right shunt. Earpiece
      densitometry was in this respect clearly superior to conventional method using
      oxygen saturation figures. Quantitation of pulmonary blood flow by both
      densitiometric and oxygen content technique in a small number of patients
      indicates that the dye dilution technique gives values somewhat in excess of the
      Fick method. It is concluded that quantitation of the magnitude of the left-to
      right shunt and pulmonary blood flow is disturbed by the fact that indicator
      material is recirculated before the ascending limb of the primary curve is fully
      inscribed.

PMID- 1101643
TI  - Reticulosarcomatosis originating from skin--A clinicopathological study.
AB  - The case is that of a 65 year-old male with reticulosarcomatosis originating from
      the skin. There were multiple tumors composed of reticulum cells located only in
      the skin, particularly around the large joints. The entire course of illness was
      three years and five months, during which period regression by irradiation,
      recurrence, or new formation of tumors were repeatedly seen. At the end systemic
      tumor spread not only of the skin but also in various visceral organs including
      lymph nodes occurred. From histological and electron microscopic examinations
      repeatedly performed with biopsy materials, and finally with autopsy materials it
      was ascertained that the tumor cells had become smaller in size with less
      lymphoid cell infiltration at the terminal stage.

PMID- 1101644
TI  - The effect of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and X-irradiation on the
      ultrastructure and endocytic capacity of murine peritoneal macrophages.
AB  - 100 mg/kg cyclophosphamide given subcutaneously daily for 5 days and whole-body X
      irradiation (500 r) had an appreciable effect on the phagocytosis of E. coli by
      mouse peritoneal macrophages. Less bacteria were ingested by cells from the
      treated mice as compared with control cells. In contrast, whole-body X
      irradiation had a stimulatory effect on pinocytosis as compared with cells from
      cyclophosphamide treated mice or control mice. Morphological changes in the cells
      from animals treated with cyclophosphamide or X-rays were evident. The cells were
      larger than normal macrophages and contained large amounts of lipid and
      phagolysosomes and had more vacuoles as compared with control cells. Many giant
      cells were present in the treated mice. Treatment of mice with methotrexate for 5
      days, although affecting the cells morphologically in that they were larger than
      normal cells and had many vacuoles did not appear to have any effect on either
      phagocytosis or pinocytosis. Cells from methotrexate treated animals did not
      contain the large quantities of lipid seen in cells from the cyclophosphamide
      treated and X-irradiated mice.

PMID- 1101645
TI  - Experimental evaluation of the velvet pad rinse technique as a microbiological
      sampling method.
AB  - The use of velvet pads glued to aluminium foil has been evaluated as a
      microbiological sampling method in quantitative bacterial recovery experiments,
      and the efficiency and precision have been determined. The velvet pads uptake of
      Staphylococcus epidermidis was 0.93 (or 93 per cent) after sampling from a test
      surface on blood agar, while the release by subsequent imprinting on blood agar
      was 0.02, the median effective transfer being 0.02. A mechanical rinse and shake
      procedure of the velvet pad in 0.9 per cent saline followed by centrifugation and
      surface plating significantly increased the median release to 0.66, the median
      effective transfer being 0.61. There was no difference in uptake, release and
      effective transfer between a pure culture of S. epidermidis and a mixed culture
      of S. epiderimidis and Escherichia coli. Storage of the velvet pad in 0.9 per
      cent saline for 2 h at room temperature did not influence bacterial recovery
      significantly, in contrast to a significant decrease after storage in saline for
      24 h or storage in a dry Petri dish for 2 h. The high and fairly constant
      efficiency of bacterial recovery of the velvet pad rinse technique suggests that
      it could be employed clinically.

PMID- 1101646
TI  - Arterial pressure, cardiac output and systemic resistance before and after
      pithing in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
AB  - After complete cardiovascular denervation mean arterial pressure (MAP) falls to
      almost equally low levels in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and
      normotensive control rats (NCR). This has earlier been suggested to indicate a
      dominance of neurogenic mechanisms in established SHR hypertension. -- In the
      present study, total peripheral resistance (TPR) remains, however, some 35 per
      cent higher in adult SHR than in NCR after pithing while cardiac output (CO), and
      stroke volume, is 35 per cent lower in SHR. These opposite differences in TPR and
      CO after denervation, resulting in equal MAP levels in SHR and NCR, seem rather
      to be a consequence of the rapidly established structural adaptation that affects
      all SHR high-pressure cardiovascular sections. Thus, the SHR precapillary
      resistance vessels display thickened walls and luminal narrowing, which keeps TPR
      higher than in NCR even during maximal vasodilatation. Due to hypertrophy, the
      SHR left ventricle exhibits a reduced myocardial stretch for a given filling
      pressure and stroke volume is consequently reduced more than in NCR after
      complete denervation. -- Paradoxically, therefore, rather than reflecting any
      dominance of neurogenic mechanisms in established SHR hypertension the MAP
      equalization in SHR and NCR after cardiovascular denervation emphasizes the
      hemodynamic importance of cardiovascular structural changes present in
      hypertension.

PMID- 1101647
TI  - Synaptosomes containing large agranular vesicles isolated from developing rat
      brain.
AB  - Using the subcellular fractionation technique the fine structure of the isolated
      nerve endings (synaptosomes) from the hemispheres and brain stem of the 1-day old
      and adult rat was examined. In the synaptosomal fractions of the brain of 1-day
      old rats we observed a new type of nerve endings containing predominantly large
      agranular vesicles about 1,000 A in diameter. After incubation with alpha
      methylnoradrenaline or 5-hydroxydopamine these vesicles remained agranular. It is
      assumed that the new type of large vesicles represent developing synaptic
      vesicles.

PMID- 1101648
TI  - Becquerel and the discovery of radioactivity.

PMID- 1101649
TI  - Stereotactic exploration of brain tumours by ultrasound.
AB  - A report upon a new technique for investigation of brain tumour anatomy by means
      of stereotactically directed ultrasound is presented with some illustrative
      cases. Information obtained with this technique has been found useful when
      deciding the treatment program for the tumour.

PMID- 1101650
TI  - Computer assisted axial tomography in cerebrovascular lesions.
AB  - Computer assisted axial tomography was performed in 32 patients with clinically
      possible cerebrovascular lesions. Decreased absorption as a sign of infarction
      was found in 15, increased absorption as a sign of hemorrhage in 7 cases. In
      another 7 cases, diagnosed as hemorrhagic infarction, a simultaneous occurrence
      of increased and decreased absorption appeared. Increased absorption might also
      depend on compression effect of edema. In three cases no abnormal attenuation
      could be demonstrated. Infarctions could be observed years after the onset of the
      symptoms; intracerebral hemorrhages regressed slowly.

PMID- 1101651
TI  - Cross-sectional anatomic images by gamma ray transmission scanning.
AB  - 60Co gamma-ray transmission data were measured along linear scan paths at a
      number of angular orientations with respect to the patient and submitted to a
      computer software program. Reconstructed images are displayed as digital density
      printouts and as isodensity contours on an x-y plotter or oscilloscope screen.
      Image resolution is limited primarily by factors such as collimation and the
      amount of transmission data collected; with the rather rudimentary apparatus at
      disposal, a spatial resolution better than 5 mm has been achieved.

PMID- 1101652
TI  - Extracapillary (crescenteric) glomerulonephritis.

PMID- 1101653
TI  - Cardiac catheterization; development of the technique, its contributions to
      experimental medicine, and its initial applications in man.

PMID- 1101654
TI  - Some problems concerning the determination of different corrinoids by the plate
      method with Escherichia coli 113-3.
AB  - Biological activity of some vitamin B12 forms for Escherichia coli 113-3 and the
      effect of methionine on the assay of these compounds by E. coli 113-3 were
      studied. It was found that the coenzymatic form had the highest biological
      activity and that under experimental conditions methionine was an interfering
      factor in determination of the coenzymatic form and the methyl derivative of B12
      only. Otherwise, metionine did not affect the determination of cyanocobalamin an
      hydroxycobalamin even when the methionine and vitamin B12 ratio was 32 000 : 1.

PMID- 1101655
TI  - Mechanism of assembly of tobacco mosaic virus in vitro.
AB  - We previously proposed that the assembly reaction of TMV in vitro is initiated by
      20S protein aggregate specifically interacting to the 5'-end of TMV-RNA, after
      which the helical rod grows by the addition of protein subunits. Other workers
      have reported that the source of protein for the growing helix is also the 20S
      protein aggregate, but not protein subunits. We now summarize the experimental
      results that confirm our previous hypothesis. 1) TMV-particle, as gauged by
      infectivity assay and sucrose gradient analysis, could be formed from PRR under
      conditions where the formation of 20S protein aggregate could not occur. 2) TMV
      particle could be formed from PRR by stepwise addition of NBS-modified protein
      which is lacking the ability to form 20S protein aggregate. 3) The stable disk
      aggregate of CGMMV-protein are unable to grow the helical rod. 4) The process of
      rod elongation by protein subunits was observed directly in electron micrography.

PMID- 1101656
TI  - Physiological properties of protoplasmic drops of nitella.

PMID- 1101657
TI  - Physical chemistry of excitable membranes.

PMID- 1101658
TI  - DNA repair and evolutionary considerations. A search for a general principle in
      nuclear biology with use of radiation as a probe.
AB  - Three types of DNA repair are known: photoenzymatic repair, excision repair, and
      tolerance repair (the ability to generate damage-free copies of DNA, which could
      be not exact copies, from damaged DNA templates). Photoenzymatic repair involves
      the most simple molecular mechanisms and is the most specific (effective only for
      pyrimidine dimers) and the most widely distributed among present living
      organisms, followed by excision repair and then by tolerance repair in order of
      increasing complexity. It is proposed that these repair systems also evolved in
      this order after the primordial life was created by solar UV light. Current but
      fragmentary evidence concerning the molecular and genetic bases of the three
      types of repair tends to support the idea that the increase in DNA-content needed
      for the evolution of higher forms from the prokaryotes may have been accompanied
      by the inherent threat of fragility of the giant DNA molecules, so that the
      higher forms now possess a greatly increased tolerance capacity. Probably the
      increase is approximately proportional to their DNA content compared with that of
      prokaryotes. It is shown theoretically that photoenzymatic and excision repair
      alone cannot deal with the inherent fragility of giant DNA. The development of
      tolerance-repair capacity, however, inevitably enhances probability of errors in
      the repair of DNA damage, leading to the accumulation of misrepair events such as
      mutation, chromosomal aberration and cancer. It is proposed that DNA repair and
      misreplication repair are responsible for preventing living organisms from
      regressing to the randomness-dominated world of the non-living. Living organisms
      would have evolved slowly along zigzag lines between error and repair of DNA.

PMID- 1101659
TI  - The development of memory: knowing, knowing about knowing, and knowing how to
      know.

PMID- 1101660
TI  - Developmental trends in visual scanning.

PMID- 1101661
TI  - The development of selective attention: from perceptual exploration to logical
      search.

PMID- 1101662
TI  - Cognitive perspectives on the development of memory.

PMID- 1101663
TI  - The development of spatial representations of large-scale environments.

PMID- 1101664
TI  - Variations in the acetaldehyde level of some tissues in hyper- and hypothyroid
      rats.

PMID- 1101665
TI  - Pituitary function in chronic alcoholism.
AB  - Elevated basal LH levels and an exaggerated response to LHRH were found in a high
      proportion of male chronic alcoholics. This was not associated with reduced
      plasma testosterone values. In addition, previous reports of an absent cortisol
      response to hypoglycaemia in a proportion of chronic alcoholics are confirmed.

PMID- 1101666
TI  - Maximization of ethanol intake in the rat.

PMID- 1101667
TI  - The lateral hypothalamus, catecholamines and ethanol self-administration in rats.

PMID- 1101668
TI  - Alteration in cerebral polynucleotide metabolism following chronic ethanol
      ingestion.

PMID- 1101669
TI  - "Arousal" and alcoholism: psychophysiological responses to alcohol.

PMID- 1101670
TI  - Disposition of catecholamine-derived alkaloids in mammalian systems.
AB  - Tetrahydropapaveroline, the tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid derived from
      dopamine, is converted in vivo by rats and by rat liver and brain preparations to
      tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids. The latter alkaloids have also been
      identified for the first time in the urine of parkinsonian patients receiving L
      dopa therapy. These findings suggest that man, like plants, may have the ability
      to elaborate several classes of alkaloids with potentially important
      pharmacological consequences. Thus, this newly demonstrated ability of mammalian
      systems to evoke the biosynthesis of benzyl-tetrahydroisoquinoline-derived
      alkaloids - a capability previously considered unique to plants - elects the
      tetrahydroprotoberberine alkaloids as representative of the first class of a
      possible constellation of complex mammalian alkaloids elaborated from the
      neuroamines.

PMID- 1101671
TI  - Treatment of retinoblastoma.

PMID- 1101672
TI  - [Morphology of the corneal endothelium under normal conditions and during
      regeneration after mechanical injury].
AB  - On a preparation of the corneal endothelium membrane from a rabbit, the
      morphological structure of the endothelium is examined under normal physiological
      conditions and during regeneration after abrasion by mechanical means. 
      Thematerial which is submitted here is outlined in two chapters: (1) The
      morphology of the normal corneal endothelium; (a) in the contest of the
      literature on the subject, (b) in comparison with different methods of
      preparation. (2) The morphology of endothelium regeneration; (a) in the
      literature as physiological regeneration and, after experimental abrasion, as a
      model for human endothelium pathology, (b)as a systematic examination at
      different points of time after mechanical abrasion and in single phases of
      indirect and direct cell multiplication. After a survey of the comprehensive
      literature on the subject, several histological fixations and methodds of
      endothelium preparation as a membrane are given. In a comparison of the findings
      of the presentation of the normal endothelium, these methods are described in
      virw of a specific presentation of pathological endothelium rocesses. On the
      basis of the dyeing characteristics of the cells after intraocular pre-fixation;
      the evidence of the viscous mucopolysaccharoid membrane on the cell surface (the
      membrane having been dissected from the endothelium) is discussed...

PMID- 1101674
TI  - The effect of R factor transfer on bacterial growth rates. An in vitro study.

PMID- 1101673
TI  - [Histological findings in the pulp of teeth restored with TD-71 in dogs].

PMID- 1101675
TI  - New observations on the effects of atropine on the sinoatrial and
      atrioventricular nodes in man.
AB  - Previous observations of slowing of the heart rate after administration of
      atropine in doses smaller than 0.4 mg and recent reports of development of rhythm
      disorders in patients with acute myocardial infarction given atropine prompted us
      to evaluate systematically the effects of various doses of atropine (0.1 to 0.8
      mg) on the response of the sinoatrial (S-A) and atrioventricular (A-V) nodes in
      healthy volunteers. The response of the S-A node to atropine was
      characteristically bimodal, slowing at smaller doses and accelerating at larger
      doses. In contrast, the A-V node showed acceleration of conduction in response to
      all doses of atropine used. A hypothesis based on current understanding of the
      electrophysiologic parameters governing impulse formation and impulse conduction
      is advanced to explain the apparent paradox in the S-A and A-V nodal responses to
      small doses of atropine. The results suggest the need for caution and continuous
      rhythm monitoring when giving atropine to patients with acute myocardial
      infarction.

PMID- 1101676
TI  - Edward Wheeler Dempsey, May 15, 1911--January 9, 1975.

PMID- 1101677
TI  - Spontaneous abortion as a screening device. The effect of fetal survival on the
      incidence of birth defects.
AB  - To make sound inferences about the distribution, causes and risks of congenital
      anomalies requires an understanding of selective survival among fetuses. Studies
      of spontaneous abortions are therefore advocated. A simple model is proposed of
      the distribution, among spontaneous abortions and births, of conceptuses with and
      without anomalies. The resulting equation accomodates both maternal and fetal
      factors. Interaction between maternal and fetal factors is hypothesized, in the
      form of a maternal device for screening out anomalous conceptuses. A number of
      the known facts about congenital anomalies are shown to be plausibly interpreted
      in terms of the proposed model. Finally, some clinical and epidemiologic
      implications of the model for the study of spontaneous abortions are pointed out.

PMID- 1101678
TI  - Leprosy in Louisiana, 1855-1970. An epidemiologic study of long-term trends.
AB  - Study of a well known focus of leprosy in Louisiana in 1855-1970 showed a
      decrease in incidence which began before the use of chemotherapy. Many of the
      cases had onset in a limited area of Louisiana, French Louisiana, where there was
      a high incidence of multiple family cases. Overall incidence rates were found to
      be decreasing for each cohort of birth, and within cohorts after 1920, the
      highest incidence rates were in the age group 10-19. A high incidence rate was
      found for cases with onset in the years 1900-1929; rather than an epidemic, this
      was probably related to bias in the recording of year of onset. Although
      persistent for a long period, the focus remained limited in geographic extent and
      seems to be disappearing.

PMID- 1101679
TI  - Antibiotic resistance patterns of Escherichia coli isolated from farm families
      consuming home-raised meat.

PMID- 1101680
TI  - Studies of twins with systemic lupus erythematosus. A review of the literature
      and presentation of 12 additional sets.
AB  - To assess the role of genetic factors in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 12
      twon pairs (seven definitely monozygotic, three definitely dizygotic) of which
      one or both twins had SLE, were studied and compared to 17 twin pairs (12
      definitely monozygotic) previously described. In the present series, four of
      seven (57 per cent) definitely monozygotic pairs were clinically concordant for
      SLE, satisfying the preliminary criteria of the American Rheumatism Association
      (ARA). Concordance for the presence of antinuclear factor (ANF) and
      hypergammaglobulinemia was 71 and tinuclear factor (ANF) and
      hypergammaglobulinemia was 71 and 87 per cent, respiectively. These data closely
      agree with those on the 12 definitely monozygotic sets previously described. All
      three of the dizygotic sets in the present series were discordant for clinical
      SLE, although one clinically well twin had marked serologic abnormalities.
      Comparison of these data with thos from other first degree relatives of out twins
      clearly suggests a strong genetic component in the pathogenesis of SLE. The
      relative contribution of nongenetic and environmental factors to the expression
      of the disease is discussed.

PMID- 1101681
TI  - Serial complement studies in a patient with Goodpasture's syndrome treated with
      bilateral nephrectomy and renal transplantation.
AB  - A young male patient with Goodpasture's syndrome was treated with bilateral
      nephrectomy and when antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies could no longer
      be detected he received a cadaveric renal homograft. Fifteen months later he is
      in good health and without signs of pulmonary disease. Renal function is
      satisfactory, and there are no findings indicating recurrence of the nephritis.
      Serial complement studies during the entire course revealed varying degrees of
      activity in the sequence in the different phases: a high degree of in vivo
      activation of complement was found in the period before the nephrectomy, there
      was a moderate degree of activation in the period between the nephrectomy and
      transplantation and, finally, there were no signs of activity in the system after
      transplantation. This investigation strongly suggests that the complement system
      is of definite pathogenetic significance in this human equivalent to experimental
      nephrotoxic nephritis.

PMID- 1101682
TI  - Acid phosphatase production as an aid in rapid characterization of Candida
      species.
AB  - Yeast isolates were tested for phosphatase activity, using p-nitrophenyl
      phosphate substrate. Several Candida species displayed characteristic patterns.
      The enzyme activity was absent in all except one of the 78 isolates of Candida
      albicans tested. C. tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, and C. krusei were the most
      consistent and active enzyme producers. Enzyme production by these yeasts was not
      influenced by the amount of growth or a decrease in the pH of the culture media.
      The characteristic enzyme activity of these three yeasts was demonstrated in the
      presence of concentrations of inorganic phosphate which inhibited the enzyme
      activity of other Candida species. The activity of isolates of C. gullermondii,
      C. parapsilosis, and C. stellatoidea was variable, although none of these were
      strong enzyme producers. It seems feasible to use phosphatase activity as a
      simple and rapid additional method for the separation of C. albicans from closely
      related species of the genus.

PMID- 1101683
TI  - Inadequate cell washing as a source of error in fetal hemoglobin determination.
AB  - Washing the red cells before preparation of the hemolysate is important in
      avoiding serious clinical errors in fetal hemoglobin determinations. This has
      been demonstrated using both the alkali denaturation technique and a commercial
      hemolyzing reagent. Hemolysates prepared from unwashed cells were always above
      the normal range in samples known to be normal.

PMID- 1101684
TI  - Nurses in American history: nursing and early feminism.

PMID- 1101685
TI  - Term pregnancy in a patient with myelomeningocele, uretero-ileostomy, and partial
      paraparesis.

PMID- 1101686
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. A case of an extra-uterine foetus by
      John Bard from Medical Observations and Inquiries (London), vol. 2, pp. 369-372,
      1764.

PMID- 1101687
TI  - Pregnancy following renal transplantation.
AB  - From 1968 through 1974 at the University of Minnesota there were 17 pregnancies
      in 12 patients who were renal transplant recipients. Three were cadaver
      transplants and nine were transplants from living related donors. In eight
      patients there were two first-trimester pregnancy termination, three mid
      trimester abortions by hysterotomy, and one spontaneous abortion. Two of the
      induced abortions were in patients with ileal conduits. There were no unusual
      major obstetric complications but toxemia of pregnancy and concurrent bacterial
      and viral infections were common medical problems. Of the liveborn infants, only
      three of the 12 were small for their gestational age, seven were of appropriate
      size, and two were large. There were no neonatal problems and no congenital
      anomalies. Renal function during pregnancy was carefully monitored and was
      compromised in three of the patients studied. One patient had three pregnancies,
      including the delivery of a set of twins. Several months following her third
      delivery she developed fatal hepatitis. Two patients developed carcinoma in situ
      of the cervix. Pregnancy following renal transplantation is not without risk.
      Sexually active female transplant recipients should be counseled regarding
      pregnancy and sterilization should be offered as an option at the time of
      transplantation.

PMID- 1101688
TI  - Classic pages in obstetrics and gynecology. On the contractions of the uterus
      throughout pregnancy: their physiological effects and their value in the
      diagnosis of pregnancy. John Braxton Hicks Transactions of the Obstetrical
      Society of London, vol. 13, pp. 216-231, 1871.

PMID- 1101689
TI  - Endothelial survival in corneal tissue stored in M-K medium.
AB  - Cat corneas were stored at refrigerator temperatures in M-K medium (TC-199, 5%
      dextran), modified M-K medium (TC-199, 1% chondroitin sulfate), or on the intact
      globe in moist chambers for intervals of one to nine days. Less than 5% of the
      endothelial cells stained with trypan blue in corneas stored one to four days,
      regardless of the method of storage. In contrast, after five days, 20% or more of
      the cells took up the stain in 17 to 21 corneas stored in M-K medium. Although
      stain uptake indicated nonviability of cells, most of the endothelial cells
      remained structurally intact when observed by scanning and transmission electron
      microscopy unless the corneas were incubated in fresh TC-199 for two hours at 35
      degrees C before trypan blue staining. In that case, the percentages of disrupted
      cells observed at each time interval correlated with the percentages of cells
      that had stained in each cornea. These results indicated that storage in M-K
      medium did not extend the time donor coreas can be stored before transplantation
      beyond four days.

PMID- 1101690
TI  - Comparative pharmacologic effects of pilocarpine administered to normal subjects
      by eyedrops or by ocular therapeutic systems.
AB  - Normal volunteers used 1, 2, and 4% pilocarpine eyedrops, three times daily, or
      ocular therapeutic systems placed in the conjunctival cul-de-sac to control
      intraocular pressure. The systems  continuously release 20 and 40 mug/hour of
      pilocarpine for one week. Although the amount of drug delivered to the eye from
      the ocular therapeutic system was one fifth that obtained from the eyedrops, the
      decrease of intraocular pressure was comparable. The ocular therapeutic systems
      produced small, constant effects on visual acuity, refractive error, and miosis
      that did not cause visual handicaps or require correction. The effects of
      eyedrops on these visual factors were large and varied and produced marked visual
      handicaps that were not correctable with spectacles. Despite its comparable
      hypotensive effect in normal subjects, continuous delivery of pilocarpine by
      means of an ocular therapeutic system elicits less severe side effects than
      pilocarpine eyedrops.

PMID- 1101691
TI  - A erimetric technique believed to test receptive field properties: sequential
      evaluation glaucoma and other conditions.
AB  - We used a technique to simplify and speed up a perimetric test (Westheimer
      function). Through sequential testing, the technique was successfully used to
      evaluate pathologic findings and partially to evaluate treatment regimens in
      three subjects. One patient had an onset of kinetic field changes and Westheimer
      function alteration with primary open-angle glaucoma. Temporary remissions of
      alterations in the Westheimer function and kinetic visual field loss occurred in
      patients with glaucoma and tobacco-alcohol (complicated) amblyopia. Using these
      techniques it is possible to localize an anomaly in the outer retinal layer, the
      inner retinal layer, and central to the optic nerve head. We divided the inner
      and outer retinal layers on a vascular support basis.

PMID- 1101692
TI  - Editorial: The importance of HL-A antigens in ophthalmology.

PMID- 1101693
TI  - The use of previously administered examinations for computer-assisted
      instruction.
AB  - Five-part multiple choice questions use the same procedure as many programmed
      texts developed for teaching purposes. However, the latter provide immediate
      feedback, reinforcing a correct answer and correcting a wrong response.
      Previously-used quizzes, entered into a computer, can provide a learning
      experience for new students. The computer responds immediately to each student
      answer, stating whether it is correct or not. If correct, the reason is
      presented. If incorrect, the reason is stated, and the correct answer is provided
      along with an explanation.

PMID- 1101694
TI  - An orthodontic approach to surgical problems.

PMID- 1101695
TI  - Orthodontics and dentistry for the hemophilic patient.
AB  - In this presentation we have contrasted the normal blood-clotting mechanism with
      the failure to form blood clots in hemophiliacs due to the absence of protein
      factors necessary for conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. The statistics,
      hereditary basis, and long-term disabling consequences of hemophilia to the
      severely ffected patient are described. The systemic means of minimizing severe
      joint disabilities and serious internal bleeding hazards by employing
      concentrates of antihemophilic factors to reverse the bleeding defects are
      discussed. Availability and advantages of the types of concentrates are
      explained. The fatalistic attitude of hemophiliacs toward hepatitis is discussed,
      along with admonitions to avoid the use of aspirin, alcohol, and buttock
      injections. Alternative medications for pain are recommended; and injection sites
      for pediatric patients are suggested. The details of simplified oral surgical
      management of hemophilic patients without hospitalization are described,
      including local anesthetic injection technique, method of performing extractions,
      general anesthesia techniques when indicated, materials for packing of extraction
      sockets, regimen and precautions in use of Amicar administration for clot
      maintenance, postoperative diet, and postsurgical activity guidelines. Also noted
      is the self-administration of intravenous concentrate infusions at home in the
      event of hemorrhagin, so that bleeding is on the way to bein controlled even
      before the patient reaches the hospital. We avoided orthodontic treatment of
      hemophilic patients in the past; however, recently developed bracket-fixation
      techniques and auxiliary aids; along with an enlightened understanding that
      gingival bleeding is ot to be feared, have changed our attitude, and we now treat
      hemophilic patients in much the same manner as otherwise normal orthodontic
      patients...

PMID- 1101696
TI  - The Journal 60 years ago: vertical springs in 1915.

PMID- 1101697
TI  - Presentation of Ketcham Award to Robert M. Ricketts by John S. Rathbone,
      president of the American Board of Orthodontics.

PMID- 1101698
TI  - Presentation of Ketcham Award to T. M. Graber by Warren R. Mayne, director of the
      American Board of Orthodontics.

PMID- 1101699
TI  - Presentation of the Distinguished Service Scroll to Leo B. Lundergan by Wilbur J.
      Prezzano, AAO past president.

PMID- 1101700
TI  - Presentation of Distinguished Service Scroll to George H. Siersma by Fredrick B.
      Lehman, AAO past president.

PMID- 1101701
TI  - Editorial: Orthodontics' early accomplishments in establishing merit awards.

PMID- 1101702
TI  - Letter to the Editor: In defense of bonding.

PMID- 1101703
TI  - Microvascular changes in lymph nodes draining skin allografts.
AB  - Histological, histochemical, ultrastructural, and radiolabeling characteristics
      of the microvasculature in regional nodes draining skin allograft sites are
      described. From 12 to 48 hours after grafting, these nodes show increased
      vascular permeability and altered lymphocyte traffic pattern. The rapid rise in
      lymphocyte migration indices and the apparent plugging of intermediate sinuses by
      lymphocytes suggest that both increased entry and decreased egress of
      recirculating cells contribute in "lymphocyte trapping." This is followed by
      redistribution of cortical capillary arcades as existing germinal centers
      dissolve and proliferating lymphocytes infiltrate the cortex. Normal
      microvascular patterns reappeared at 7 to 14 days as primary and secondary
      nodules form in the enlarged nodes. Increased length and arborization of high
      endothelial venules resulted from focal proliferation of endothelial cells in
      transition zones from high to low endothelium. In stimulated nodes, high
      endothelial cells exhibit increased cytoplasmic basophilia and acid hydrolase
      activities which correlate with the appearance of numerous polyribosomes, RER
      cisternae, and lysosomes in their cytoplasm. These "activated" endothelial cells
      phagocytose microthrombi within venular lumens.

PMID- 1101704
TI  - Glomerular microcapillary thrombosis demonstrated by the new technique of
      immunocathodoluminescence.
AB  - Fluorescein-labeled antigen-antibody complexes could be made visible by scanning
      electron microscopy using an intensifying device. This new method of
      immunocathodoluminescence was demonstrated on cryostat sections of rat kidneys
      containing glomerular fibrin as the result of endotoxin infusion. The resulting
      photographs correspond with those obtained by immunofluorescent microscopy. The
      advantage of this technique is, however, the larger depth of focus. By using
      thinner cyostat sections it is expected that the higher resolution of scanning
      microscopy will provide even better details in three dimensions.

PMID- 1101705
TI  - Thomas W. McKern 1920-1974.

PMID- 1101706
TI  - The human mandible: lever or link?
AB  - The mammalian mandible, and in particular the human mandible, is generally
      thought to function as a lever during biting. This notion, however, has not gone
      unchallenged. Various workers have suggested that the mandible does not function
      as a lever, and they base this proposition on essentially two assertions: (1) the
      resultant of the forces produced by the masticatory muscles always passes through
      the bite point; (2) the condylar neck and/or the temporomandibular joint is
      unsuited to withstand reaction forces during biting. A review of the
      electromyographic data and of the properties of the tissues of the
      temporomandibular joint do not support the non-lever hypothesis of mandibular
      function. In addition, an analysis of the strength of the condylar neck
      demonstrates that this structure is strong enough to withstand the expected
      reaction force during lever action. Ordinarily the human mandible and the forces
      that act upon it are analyzed solely in the lateral projection. Moments are then
      usually analyzed about the mandibular condyle; however, some workers have
      advocated taking moments about other points, e.g., the instantaneous center of
      rotation. Obviously it makes no difference as to what point is chosen since the
      moments about any point during equilibrium conditions are equal to zero. It is
      also useful to analyze the forces acting on the mandible in the frontal
      projection, particularly during unilateral biting. The electromyographic data
      suggest that during powerful unilateral molar biting the resultant adductor
      muscle force is passing between the bite point and the balancing (non-biting
      side) condyle. Therefore, in order for this system to be in equilibrium there
      must be a reaction force acting on the balancing condyle. This suggests that
      reaction forces are larger on the balancing side than on the working side, and
      possibly explains why individuals with a painful temporomandibular joint usually
      prefer to bite on the side of the diseased joint.

PMID- 1101707
TI  - The immediate effects of chlorpromazine in newly admitted schizophrenic patients.
AB  - To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of chlorpromazine in comparison with
      placebo over a brief period of hospitalization, the authors conducted a double
      blind study of the drug in 44 acutely ill schizophrenic patients. These patients
      had been newly admitted to a brief treatment unit where the average length of
      stay was 7 to 10 days. The results of this study indicate that chlorpromazine had
      no more calming or antipsychotic effect than placebo during the first 5 days of
      treatment. The authors suggest that 5 days is too short a time for a clinical
      trial to gauge patient response to chlorpromazine.

PMID- 1101708
TI  - Identification of women at risk for unwanted pregnancy.
AB  - Concern about increasing rates of unwanted pregnancy, particularly among
      adolescents, has led to consideration of steps necessary to develop effective
      intervention programs. In order to reach a young woman for counseling and
      contraceptive assistance before she places herself at risk for unintended
      pregnancy, it seems necessary to develop the capability for identifying high-risk
      individuals without reference to sexual history. The authors describe a
      preliminary attempt to predict contraceptively unprotected coitus from responses
      to projective test stimuli, noting that the problem is so urgent that even early
      and necessarily incomplete work in this area may have merit in stimulating
      further research in identification of women at risk for unwanted pregnancy.

PMID- 1101709
TI  - A computer-assisted psychiatric assessment unit.
AB  - The authors discuss the rationale and functional design for an innovative
      approach to psychiatric intake decision making, stressing the crucial role of an
      on-line computer support system. The description of the prototype computer
      assisted psychiatric assessment process includes an outline of computer and
      staffing requirements. The authors discuss the initial impact of this psychiatric
      assessment unit on the hospital's mental health care delivery system.

PMID- 1101710
TI  - Psychiatry in Spain: past and present.
AB  - The authors discuss the contributions and history of psychiatry in Spain on the
      basis of extensive literature review and on-site observations. The history of
      Spanish psychiatry is a rich one, including pioneering efforts in the
      establishment of mental institutions and a strong traditional alliance between
      psychiatry and literature. However, the authors note that Spanish psychiatrists
      today are less innovative than their counterparts in other countries. They
      emphasize the historical and cultural context of the discipline, with
      illustrations of the importance of the church, attitudes toward the family, and
      other sociocultural factors.

PMID- 1101712
TI  - Letter: Weaning in biofeedback training.

PMID- 1101711
TI  - In MEMORIAM: Erwin W. Straus, 1891-1975.

PMID- 1101713
TI  - Letter: Biofeedback and anxiety.

PMID- 1101714
TI  - Minimal brain Dysfunction.
AB  - Because of the prevalence in our society of children labeled with the term
      minimal brain dysfunction; physicians who treat children must develop a point of
      view toward the syndrome and a working procedure for assisting affected children.
      An approach to this problem can be divided into two parts: detection of somatic
      disorders and comprehensive management of school problems. The detection of
      somatic disorders that may have produced or substantially contributed to the
      school problem requires conventional medical skills for recognition and
      treatment. Comprehensive management of school problems requires a broader
      approach by the physician; including counseling of the parents regarding adverse
      family interactions, advice about educational resources and consideration of the
      question of drug therapy for behavioral disorders. In all instances parents
      should be able to rely on the physician to act as a scientific source of guidance
      on the merits of the plethora of therapies directed toward the child with
      learning disorders. The ability to function competently in all of these areas
      will enable the physician to provide a service for children and their families
      that may profoundly affect their lives.

PMID- 1101716
TI  - A bookshelf on radiological health.

PMID- 1101715
TI  - Venereal disease. Interviewing and teaching by computer.

PMID- 1101717
TI  - Increasing acid response to a meal in the chronic Heidenhain pouch.
AB  - Heidenhain pouches were established in four mongrel dogs. Acid secretory values
      were studied in response to a meal, both after operation and six to eight months
      later. Large increases in the acid responses of the Heidenhain pouch to a meal
      were noted over a period of time. Mechanisms accountable for this acid increase
      were studied, including serum gastrin response, pepsin activity, and morphologic
      changes in the pouch. Regeneration or reinnervation of vagal fibers may occur at
      a subthreshold level but is not well documented. The necessity of repeated
      control studies in long-term evaluation using the Heidenhain pouch is emphasized.

PMID- 1101718
TI  - Kidney transplantation in patients with end stage congenital renal disease.
      Report of eighteen cases and review of the Organ Transplant Registry.
AB  - Eighteen patients with end stage congenital renal disease requiring kidney
      transplantation constituted 12 per cent of the transplantation recipients at this
      institution over the past six years. The post-transplantation course in this
      group was remarkably satisfactory, with a 94 per cent graft survival at three
      years. In addition, we analyzed survival data from over 9,900 patients in the
      Organ Transplant Registry and demonstrated that transplant recipients with end
      stage congenital renal disease have equal or better five year patient survival
      compared with those with acquired end stage renal disease. Only those patients
      with adult polycystic disease had a less satisfactory prognosis, probably because
      of age-related factors. In contrast, there were few statistical correlations
      between renal allograft survival, age, and original disease.

PMID- 1101719
TI  - Transcutaneous electrical stimulation in treatment of postoperative pain.
AB  - Transcutaneous electrical stimulation as a means of relieving acute pain was
      evaluated in 100 patients who underwent abdominal or thoracic operative
      procedures. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation proveded pain relief in 77 per
      cent of test patients as opposed to 17 per cent of control patients.
      Transcutaneous electrical stimulation is an effective method of treatment that
      has many advantages over analgesic drugs.

PMID- 1101720
TI  - Successful management of miliary tuberculosis after renal transplantation.
AB  - Miliary tuberculosis is the most lethal form of tubercular disease. If
      dissemination of tubercle bacilli occurs without therapy, death is almost
      certain. The importance of establishing an etiologic diagnosis as promptly as
      possible in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy is self-explanatory. The
      presence of a life-threatening infection in these patients requires aggressive
      antimicrobial therapy and discontinuation of the immunosuppressive drugs until
      the infectious process is under control; the presence of an impaired immunologic
      response is responsible for the life-threatening infection and the lack of an
      acute rejection reaction.

PMID- 1101721
TI  - The "parachute" stent.
AB  - A method of stabilizing intraoral skin grafts from outside the mouth is
      described. It provides excellent immobilization ot the graft and superior oral
      hygiene as compared with conventional intraoral stents.

PMID- 1101722
TI  - Hayes Martin Lecture. The surgical significance of chronic obstructive lung
      disease in the patient with head and neck cancer.

PMID- 1101723
TI  - Late sequelae of radiation therapy in cancer of the head and neck with particular
      reference to the nasopharynx.
AB  - Sequlae of radiation therapy may be late in occurring and varied in their
      manifestations. Although some are untreatable and progressive, the risk of
      development of some other sequelae can be minimized by careful application of
      radiotherapy or by ancillary measures, such as dental decay prophylaxis. Some of
      the serious sequelae secondary to radiation therapy of the nasopharynx have been
      summarized. These include radiation myelitis, paralysis of the cranial nerves,
      stricture of the pharynx, radiation-induced cancer, and necrosis with fatal
      hemorrhage.

PMID- 1101724
TI  - T-cell deficiency in patients with squamous cell cancer of the head and neck.
AB  - Cellular immunity was assessed in patients with operable squamous cell cancer of
      the head and neck using in vivo skin tests and in vitro lymphocyte stimulation
      tests. An expansion of a previous study continued to show that 30 per cent of
      patients with T1N0M0 lesions were DNCB-negative and that with more advanced
      lesions there was further impairment. A similar finding was observed in the
      blastogenic response to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A but not pokeweed
      mitogen. Overall, 40 per cent of patients with resectable cancer had a
      significant depression of the blastogenic responses to conconavalin A and
      phytohemagglutinin. This depression ranged from 15 per cent in patients with
      T1N0M0 lesions to 71 per cent in those with T3N0M0 lesions. Although this
      depression was more severe in patients with palpable cervical node metastases, it
      was related more to the size of the primary tumor than to the nodes per se. An
      exception occurred in patients with large fixed nodes in whom the depression of
      lymphocyte stimulation was most severe. The absolute T-cell count was also
      depressed in patients with head and neck cancer. This depression parallelled the
      lymphocyte stimulation results with phytohemagglutinin and conconavalin A and was
      progressive with increasing stage of disease. A correlation exists between DNCB
      negativity and early recurrence and shortened survival. Clinical follow-up study
      is too short to assess the correlation of in vitro immune function with these
      clinical prognostic factors.

PMID- 1101725
TI  - Carcinoma of the lip.
AB  - A retrospective analysis of 206 patients with lip cancer is presented. Poorly
      differentiated primary lesions have a high rate of metastases. The metastatic
      potential of well differentiated lesions, when classified by size in the TNM
      staging system, is the same as that of intraoral carcinoma. A therapeutic
      approach is proposed.

PMID- 1101726
TI  - Nasolabial flap reconstruction of the floor of the mouth after extirpation of
      oral cancer.
AB  - The transbuccal nasolabial flap is an extremely valuable method for primary or
      secondary reconstruction of the floor of the mouth. We urge its frequent use.

PMID- 1101727
TI  - [Corneal lesions in ichthyosis (author's transl)].
AB  - The authors report about observations they made in two sisters. One sister showed
      a fibroid degeneration of the cornea, the other a band-shaped keratopathy
      respectively, together with an ichthyosis and an alopecia as a result of
      capillary fractures due to pili torti. An autosomal recessive hereditary
      transmission could be determined. The cutaneous lesion is either an ichthyosis
      vulgaris, the hereditary transmission of which could not yet be confirmed, or it
      is a transition form of ichthyosis vulgaris and congenita.

PMID- 1101728
TI  - New Zealand's first general anaesthetic.
AB  - The administration of New Zealand's first general anaesthetic took place at the
      Colonial Gaol, Wellington, on the morning of Monday, September 27th, 1847. The
      agent used was sulphuric ether which was administered by Mr. Marriot, the
      manufacturer of the Herapath-type inhaler used on this occasion. The operation, a
      dental extraction, was performed by the Colonial Surgeon, Dr. J. P. Fitzgerald.

PMID- 1101729
TI  - Anaesthetic considerations in chronic renal failure.
AB  - This paper discusses the anaesthetic problems presented by patients in chronic
      renal failure. The anaesthetic agents and techniques used in 181 patients who
      underwent 941 operations (including 218 renal transplants) are described.

PMID- 1101730
TI  - Chest physiotherapy during mechanical ventilation.
AB  - The effects of three different physiotherapy techniques on arterial oxygen
      tensions and A-aO2 gradients were evaluated in 17 patients subjected to
      mechanical ventilation. No significant changes were detected and the clinical
      significance of these findings, which contrast with those of other investigators,
      is discussed.

PMID- 1101731
TI  - A simple clinical method of quantitating the effects of chest physiotherapy in
      mechanically ventilated patients.
AB  - A simple clinical method, allowing quantitive assessment of the effects of chest
      physiotherapy on patients subjected to I.P.P.V., is presented. The method
      involves measuring of the "alveolar" pressure using the end-expiratory retard
      mechanism available on the Bennet MA 1 (volume cycled) ventilator. Using this
      simple technique three different methods of physiotherapy were shown to
      significantly lower alveolar pressure, indicating an increase in pulmonary
      compliance. The inhalation of acetyl cysteine however, appeared to render
      treatment less effective in this regard.

PMID- 1101732
TI  - [A century of research on the islands of Langerhans. Stage in the development of
      diabetes mellitus research].

PMID- 1101733
TI  - The origin and fate of osteoclasts.
AB  - Despite intensive and ingenious investigation, the origins and ultimate fate of
      the osteoclast remain shrouded in mystery. This brief review evaluates some of
      the recent experimental approaches used in the study of the osteoclast,
      especially whether they form from intra- or extra-skeletal progenitor cells,
      whether from the same osteoprogenitor cell as the osteoblast, and whether, once
      formed, they may modulate to osteoblasts. That osteoprogenitor cells can, and do,
      become osteoclasts is well founded, as is the conclusion that such progenitor
      cells originate as blood-borne, extra-skeletal cells. Evidence that sessile,
      intra-skeletal, progenitor cells can form osteoclasts is less direct. There is
      good evidence that osteoclasts both shed and take-up nuclei, but no direct
      evidence that nuclear shedding is accompanied by death of the osteoclast, and no
      direct evidence for the fate of the shed nuclei. Whether the same osteoprogenitor
      cell can produce either an osteoblast or an osteoclast also remains an open
      question.

PMID- 1101734
TI  - Norma Jean Adamo 1927-1974.

PMID- 1101735
TI  - Barry Joseph Anson 1894-1974.

PMID- 1101736
TI  - Elmer G. Butler 1900-1972.

PMID- 1101737
TI  - Edward Wheeler Dempsey 1911-1975. (President American Association of Anatomists,
      1961).

PMID- 1101738
TI  - Jonathan A. Forman 1887-1974.

PMID- 1101739
TI  - B(enjamin) Vincent Hall 1907-1975.

PMID- 1101740
TI  - Duncan Charteris Hetherington 1895-1974.

PMID- 1101741
TI  - William Edwin Hoy 1890-1973.

PMID- 1101742
TI  - Charles Nathan Loeser 1922-1974.

PMID- 1101743
TI  - Alan Ramsey Muir 1924-1974.

PMID- 1101744
TI  - Raymond Crandall Parker 1903-1974.

PMID- 1101745
TI  - W. Olin Puckett 1906-1972.

PMID- 1101746
TI  - Laurel Raymond Setty 1906-1974.

PMID- 1101747
TI  - Harry Sicher 1889-1974.

PMID- 1101748
TI  - Wayne Thornburg 1918-1974.

PMID- 1101750
TI  - American Association of Anatomists. Members.

PMID- 1101749
TI  - J. Richard Weissenberg 1882-1974.

PMID- 1101751
TI  - Alon P. Winnie, M.D.

PMID- 1101752
TI  - Howard Wilcox Haggard 1891-1959.

PMID- 1101753
TI  - Urinary metabolites of halothane in man.
AB  - The urinary metabolites of halothane (2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane)
      were investigated in five individuals given trace doses (25 muCi), and in three
      individuals given large doses (1 mCi) of radioactively labeled 14C-halothane. The
      latter were donor subjects for heart transplant operations. Separation of the
      nonvolatile urinary metabolites of halothane was accomplished by chemical
      extraction, electrophoresis, ion-exchange and high-pressure liquid
      chromatography, and gas chromatography. Identification of the individual
      metabolites was by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. Three major
      metabolites were identified: trifluoroacetic acid, N-trifluoroacetyl-2
      aminoethanol, and N-acetyl-S-(2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1-difluoroethyl)-L-cysteine.
      Smaller unidentified radioactive peaks were also found. The presence of both
      ethanolamide and cysteine conjugates of halothane is of concern. These urinary
      products imply the presence of reactive intermediates. The conjugation of such
      intermediates to proteins and phospholipids may give rise to the high-molecular
      weight covalently bound metabolites demonstrated to be present in the liver
      following halothane anesthesia. Elucidation of the structures of the urinary
      metabolites provides information important to an understanding of halothane
      metabolism and its potential hepatotoxicity.

PMID- 1101754
TI  - Intracranial hypertension: therapeutic and anesthetic considerations.

PMID- 1101755
TI  - Comparison of heparin and streptokinase in the treatment of venous thrombosis.
AB  - Heparin or streptokinase was administered in a prospective randomized fashion to
      50 patients with phlebographically confirmed venous thrombosis of the extremities
      of 14 days or less duration. A total of 49 patients completed the investigative
      protocol with 26 receiving heparin and 23 receiving streptokinase. All patients
      were evaluated with sequential phlebograms.  Complete thrombolysis with
      restoration of venous valve function occurred in one of 26 patients receiving
      heparin and in six of 23 patients receiving streptokinase. Fifty per cent of the
      patients treated with streptokinase with a total duration of symptoms of three
      days or less achieved complete lysis. The total incidence of therapeutic
      complications was similar in the two groups, but was more severe in the
      streptokinase treated patients.

PMID- 1101756
TI  - Management of amputation-stump breakdown.
AB  - Seven cases of above-knee amputation stump breakdown following surgery for
      arteriosclerosis obliterans were successfully treated with Travase ointment.
      (Bacillus subtilis proteinase). Rehabilitation was facilitated because secondary
      closure of the previously infected necrotic wounds could be more rapidly
      undertaken.

PMID- 1101757
TI  - Combined propranolol and digoxin therapy in angina pectoris.
AB  - The effects of oral propranolol and digoxin and digoxin alone and in combination
      on angina frequency, heart size, systolic time intervals and treadmill exercise
      tolerance, were assessed in 20 patients with coronary heart disease. Oral
      propranolol alone reduced the average frequency of angina pectoris from 16 to 7
      attacks per week (P less than 0.02). However, the mean duration of exercise was
      not significantly improved because 8 patients with abnormal left ventricular
      function exhibited a decrease in exercise tolerance. Combined propranolol and
      digoxin improved exercise tolerance in these patients, and, consequently, mean
      exercise duration in all patients increased significantly from the control value
      of 390 +/- 42 to 458 +/- 46 s (P less than 0.01). Propranolol alone also resulted
      in a significant increase in left heart size from 46.5 +/- 1.3 to 47.7 +/- 1.5
      mm/m2 (P less than 0.001), which was reversed by the addition of digoxin.
      Therefore, oral propranolol combined with digoxin is advantageous in patients
      with angina pectoris who have abnormal ventricular function or large hearts.

PMID- 1101758
TI  - Naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis. A controlled trial.
AB  - The efficacy of naproxen in treating rheumatoid arthritis patients was evaluated
      in a double-blind clinical trial using aspirin as the control drug. The study was
      conducted at seven centers and involved 80 patients. After an unequivocal
      increase in disease activity during a drug-free period, patients were randomly
      assigned to either drug and continued in the trial for 16 weeks. Some patients
      took low maintenance doses of corticosteroids, or gold salts, or both throughout
      the trial. Both test drugs significantly decreased disease activity as measured
      by a number of ways. By objective measurements, naproxen was as effective as
      aspirin, although patients in the naproxen-treated group entered the trial with
      more severe disease. By some subjective evaluations, naproxen was considered more
      effective than aspirin. Although patients taking naproxen had less frequent
      gastrointestinal side effects and fewer symptoms VIIIth nerve toxicity, the
      differences were not statistically significant. We conclude that naproxen is a
      useful addition to the physician's armamentarium for the treatment of rheumatoid
      arthritis.

PMID- 1101759
TI  - Progesterone for outpatient treatment of Pickwickian syndrome.
AB  - Ten patients with the Pickwickian syndrome, characterized by obesity, hypoxemia,
      hypercapnia, polycythemia, and cor pulmonale, underwent long-term treatment as
      outpatients with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Although there was no significant
      weight change in the group, PaO2 rose 12.6 +/- 2.7 mm Hg (SEM) from 49 +/- 2.6 mm
      Hg to 62 +/- 2.3 mm Hg (P less than 0.001), while PaCO2 fell 13 +/- 2.6 mm Hg
      from 51 +/- 1.9 mm Hg to 38 +/- 1.2 mm Hg (P less than 0.001). Hematocrit fell
      from 56 +/- 2.5% to 50 +/- 1.2%, a mean fall of 6% (P less than 0.01), during
      medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy. In the 2 patients who had cardiac
      catheterization before and during medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy, mean
      pulmonary arterial pressure fell 13 and 19 mm Hg. There were no recurrences of
      cor pulmonale during treatment. These effects on arterial blood gas values and
      clinical state were sustained during therapy. On withdrawal of
      medroxyprogesterone acetate during 1-month period, arterial oxygen and carbon
      dioxide tensions deteriorated to their previous pretreatment values.
      Reinstitution of medroxyprogesterone acetate caused improvement in both the
      oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions. We conclude that sublingual
      medroxyprogesterone acetate therapy is useful in the management of the
      Pickwickian syndrome.

PMID- 1101760
TI  - Bullous dermatosis of hemodialysis.
AB  - Five patients with chronic renal failure who were undergoing maintenance
      hemodialysis developed a self-limited bullous dermatosis restricted to light
      exposed areas, primarily involving the dorsa of the hands. Porphyrin levels and
      phototesting were normal, but histologic sections of the bullae showed thickening
      of venule walls, hypogranulated mast cells, and perivenular deposition of
      immunoglobulins. This combination of features has not previously been described
      and may reflect a pathologic process unique to chronic hemodialysis.

PMID- 1101761
TI  - Amikacin therapy for severe gram-negative sepsis. Emphasis on infections with
      gentamicin-resistant organisms.
AB  - Amikacin (BB-K8) is a semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin which is active in
      vitro against many gentamicin-resistant Gram-negative bacilli. Twenty-three
      patients with 25 serious Gram-negative infections were treated with this new
      aminoglycoside. Twelve infections involved organisms that were resistant to
      gentamicin. Twenty patients satisfied the criteria for bacteriological and
      clinical cure. This included 11 of the 12 infections involving gentamicin
      resistant Gram-negative bacilli. In 4 urinary tract infections there was a good
      clinical response, but routine follow-up urine cultures at 30 days were positive.
      One patient failed on amikacin therapy. Eighth nerve toxicity was detected in two
      patients. These results indicate that amikacin is effective in the treatment of
      serious Gram-negative infections and is particularly useful in those involving
      resistant organisms. Further studies are indicated to evaluate ototoxic
      potential.

PMID- 1101762
TI  - Effect of carbon monoxide on maximal treadmill exercise. A study in normal
      persons.
AB  - The effect of breathing 100 ppm of carbon monoxide versus compressed, purified
      air for 1 h on maximal treadmill exericse was studied (double-blind crossover
      design) in 10 middle-aged, healthy nonsmokers. The mean venous carboxyhemoglobin
      level significantly increased from 1.67% to 3.95%  after breathing carbon
      monoxide (P less than 0.001) and significantly decreased from 1.63% to 1.30%
      after breathing compressed, purified air (P less than 0.001). The mean exercise
      time until exhaustion significantly decreased from 697.7 to 662.7 s after
      breathing carbon monoxide (P less than 0.001) and insignificantly increased from
      694.9 s to 703.4 s after breathing compressed, purified air. Ischemic S-T segment
      depression larger than or equal to 1.0 mm after exercise occurred in 1 of 10
      subjects after exercise following carbon monoxide inhalation. Increased
      carboxyhemoglobin levels of the magnitude encountered after smoking or heavy
      atmospheric pollution impair exercise performance in normal persons.

PMID- 1101763
TI  - Letter: Increased serum creatinine resulting from hyperglycemia, mimicking
      transplant rejection.

PMID- 1101764
TI  - Mammalian somatic hybrids and human gene mapping.
AB  - Somatic cell hybridization, as an aid in the study of human map, has made large
      strides during the past several years. Rodent-human hybrids are readily obtained,
      and selective systems are available to select hybrid cells to the exclusion of
      parenteral cells. Various species-specific genetic markers can be studied in the
      hybrids, and correlation of the expression of these markers with each other and
      with specific human chromosomes retained allows synteny analysis and chromosome
      assignment. Methods to determine the relative order of genes and their regional
      localization are also available. Using these methods, more than 60 human genes
      have been assigned to 22 human chromosomes.

PMID- 1101765
TI  - How Korotkoff, the surgeon, discovered the auscultatory method of measuring
      arterial pressure.
AB  - The Korotkoff sounds that measure systolic and diastolic arterial pressure levels
      were described in a brief communication by N.C. Korotkoff in 1905. He did not
      state how it happened that he discovered this auscultatory method of measuring
      "blood" pressure. The search for information on this matter led to studying the
      thesis for his doctorate published in 1910 on Experiments for Determining the
      Efficiency of Arterial Collaterals. It seems that when he wanted to be sure that
      pressureonan artery (digital, or with an Esmarch ligature or a Riva-Rocci cuff)
      had completely obliterated its lumen, he listened over the artery below the area
      of pressure. The absence of any sounds meant complete obliteration; a sound
      appeared with each beat when some flow did occur during partial obliteration of
      the lumen and when no pulsation could be detected because of the small volume of
      flow.

PMID- 1101766
TI  - Experimental optimization of the DASS system for immunodiagnosis of some helminth
      infections.

PMID- 1101767
TI  - Microfluorometric immunoassays with antigens bound to sepharose beads.
AB  - Sepharose beads, to which protein had been coupled, were used in the development
      of two types of microfluorometric immunoassays. The first is an inhibition assay:
      a fixed amount of antiserum was absorbed with different amounts of antigen. This
      was accomplished in both direct and indirect incubation schemes. The system has
      been studied with human IgG and mouse IgM as an example. The second is a
      competition assay: fluorescein-labeled ovalbumin competea with unlabeled
      unlabeled ovalbumin for the binding sites of a rabbit antiovalbumin. This
      antiovalbumin was not bound directly to Sepharose but to Sepharose-coupled
      ovalbumin. In the indirect fluorescence inhibition and the competition assay, the
      sensitivity levels were determined. They proved to be the same, namely, 25 ng.
      This means that these fluorescence immunoassays are 10 times less sensitive than
      conventional radioimmunoassays and 10 times more sensitive than conventional
      single radial immunodiffusion.

PMID- 1101768
TI  - Quantitative immunofluorescence studies.

PMID- 1101769
TI  - Investigations of the recovery phenomenon after laser excitation in
      immunofluorescence.

PMID- 1101770
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies of a possible prethymic T-cell differentiation in
      congenitally athymic (nude) mice.
AB  - A rabbit antimouse brain theta reagent was made specific for cells of the T
      lineage by absorption in vivo in nude mice. When used in double fluorescence
      together with an antimouse immunoglobulin reagent, four types of cells were found
      in spleen and lymph nodes of both normal and nude mice: Ig+thetaBr-, Ig-thetaBr+,
      Ig-thetaBr-, and Ig+thetaBr+. The data show that about 20% of nude mouse spleen
      lymphocytes are definitely of T lineage (Ig-thetaBr+). On these cells, the
      detection of the "thetaBr" determinant, which is identical or very close to the
      "theta" determinant, depends on the large amplification produced by indirect
      immunofluorescence, which suggests a low density of theta antigen. Similar
      experiments suggest the presence of cells that express some TL antigen in the
      spleen of nudes made congenic to a TL+ strain (BALB/c). It is proposed that the T
      cell precursor that will further differentiate in the thymus already expresses a
      low density of theta and, in TL+ strains, TL antigen.

PMID- 1101771
TI  - Influence of different histologic preparation methods on preservation of tissue
      antigens in the immunofluorescent antibody technique.

PMID- 1101772
TI  - Membrane immunofluorescence in human transplantation biology.

PMID- 1101773
TI  - Application of immunofluorescence and immunoenzyme methods in the serodiagnosis
      of Trichinella spiralis infection.
AB  - To detect antibodies to T. Spiralis in sera, the IF methods with the cuticle of
      T. spiralis larvae (the tube test) was compared to the cryostat method. In the
      latter method, cryostat sections were prepared from isolated T. spiralis larvae
      or from tongue or diaphragm musculature in which encysted T. spiralis larvae were
      present. In this case, both cuticle and internal structures were employed as
      antigenic sites. The cryostat method proved to be more sensitive than the tube
      test. With the cryostat method, specific antibodies were detected in sera of
      experimentally infected mice 14 days after infection, whereas with the tube test,
      antibodies were detected on Day 24 postinfection and consistently thereafter. The
      enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was then studied. Quantitation of
      specific antibodies was achieved with alkaline phosphatase- or peroxidase-labeled
      antispecies immunoglobulin in antigen-coated tubes. The enzyme that remained in
      the tube after washing provided a measure of the amount of specific antibodies in
      the serum. A saline extract of T. spiralis larvae served as the antigen. In the
      experimental models studied (T. spiralis-infected rabbits and pigs), ELISA proved
      to be more sensitive than IF. At Day 3 postinfection and thereafter, specific
      antibodies could be detected. ELISA was modified to satisfy requirements for
      routine application.

PMID- 1101774
TI  - Antibody-induced movement of protozoan surface membrane antigens.
AB  - Direct and indirect immunofluorescence techniques were used to study the effects
      of host antibodies on surface membrane antigens of viable Leishmania parasites in
      vitro. Antisera to L. enriettii and L. tropica caused surface membrane antigens
      of these parasites to aggregate, move toward the poles of the parasite, and to
      eventually disappear. This sequence did not occur at low temperature or in the
      presence of some metabolic inhibitors. Antigen subsequently reappeared on the
      parasite membrane. These phenomena appear to be similar to those described in
      mammalian cells. Antibodies may therefore effect an alteration in the surface
      membrane structure of living protozoan parasites.

PMID- 1101775
TI  - Applications of immunofluorescence to the seroepidemiology of malaria.

PMID- 1101776
TI  - Application of immunoenzyme methods in diagnosis of human parasitic diseases.

PMID- 1101777
TI  - Detection of salmonellae in foodstuffs, feces, and water by immunofluorescence.

PMID- 1101778
TI  - Immunoglobulin responses after rubella infection.
AB  - The indirect immunofluorescence technique has been used to study specific IgG,
      IgA, and IgM antibodies in adults with acute rubella, volunteers who receive
      attentuated rubella vaccine, and infants with suspected congenital infection. In
      acute rubella, IgA and IgM antibodies reached peak titers during the second week
      after the rash and then declined, but specific IgG persisted. A similar pattern
      of response occurred after rubella vaccination, but titers were lower.
      Occasionally, fluorescent staining failed to detect specific IgM in whole serum
      but demonstrated it clearly in sucrose density gradient fractions. The
      improvement in fluorescence obtained by staining serum fractions was particularly
      striking in samples obtained from congenitally infected infants. In these cases,
      IgM staining with whole serum was often poor, but when fractions were tested,
      specific IgM was demonstrated in nearly all samples obtained within 9 months of
      birth. IgM antibody was seldom detected after the first year of life, but IgG
      antibody persisted. IgA antibody was not detected in congenital rubella.

PMID- 1101779
TI  - Detection of poxvirus antigen and differentiation of closely related poxviruses
      by immunofluorescence staining.

PMID- 1101780
TI  - A comparison between sorbent and Reiter sonicate in the absorbed fluorescent
      treponemal antibody test.
AB  - Some syphilitic sera still fluoresce with Reiter treponemes as the antigen after
      treatment with the sorbent used in the FTA-ABS test; this finding indicates
      incomplete removal of group antitreponemal antibody. Levels of this antibody in
      normal sera have been studied in relation to the titration of sorbent for use in
      the test. A comparison has been made of the results of FTA-ABS tests with sorbent
      and Reiter sonicate and the TPI test on 1141 selected problem sera. Results with
      the sonicate displayed closer agreement (60.9%) with those of the TPI test than
      did tests with sorbent 40.8%). The use of sonicate as the sorbing agent is
      thought to improve the performance of the FTA-ABS test without diminishing its
      sensitivity.

PMID- 1101781
TI  - Demostration of smooth muscle contractile protein antigens in liver and
      epithelial cells.

PMID- 1101782
TI  - Surface antigens on cultured malignant melanoma cells as detected by a membrane
      immunofluorescence method with human sera. Lack of tumor-specific reactions on
      melanoma lines.
AB  - Surface antigens on melanoma cells were studied with an MIF method applied for
      monolayers of cultured cells. Human sera were used with indirect
      immunofluorescence. Preparations were fixed in methanol after staining. Reactions
      of sera with antibodies against trasplantation antigens displayed a  fine
      granular fluorescence. This appearance was abolished by absorptions with pooled
      tonsilar lymphocytes. Melanoma patients' sera free from antibodies against
      transplantation antigens exhibited a coarse patchy fluorescence reaction.
      Melanoma patients' sera with antibodies against transplantation antigens yielded
      the second type of MIF reaction after absorptions with normal lymphocytes whereas
      further absorptions with melanoma line suspensions effectively removed all
      antibody reactivity...

PMID- 1101783
TI  - Studies on defined immunofluorescence in clinical immunopathology. III. Past
      progress, some new methods, and prospects for the future.
AB  - Experience with chessboard titrations over the past 9 years has shown that
      essentially all indirect IF staining systems that employ anti-IgG conjugates can
      be defined with the aid of assays for F/P ratios and/or antibody concentrations.
      Some improvements in the radial diffusion assays for antibody protein have been
      effected by refinements in methodology. Studies with a form of the Dass system
      showed that over a 16-fold range of light intensities, relatively little change
      occurred in "titers" of IgG (comparably to titers of patient sera) or in PEP
      conjugates as seen in DASS chessborad titrations. An analysis of 233 PEP values
      included in 12 literature reports on indirect IF tests indicate that 88% fall
      within one doubling dilution of 1/16 unit/ml or about 12.5 mug labeled Ab/ml. The
      DASS reactions also are within this range. Factors responsible for variation
      beyond these limits in indirect IF tests were analyzed. The most important factor
      appears to be experimental errors. Other factors include low titers of primary
      antibodies, some aberrant conjugates, and a recent shift toward greater
      sensitivity of chessboard titrations. The latter appears to be due primarily to
      modes of reading and should be controlled by the constant use of reference sera.
      It now seems possibe that future IF studies may be defined with the aid of this
      DASS system. To achieve this goal, it will be necessary to not only elaborate
      microanalytic techniques of the type that have been considered at this Conference
      but also to generate macroanalytic methods that can be used in parallel with them
      as a basis for interpreting microscopic observations both in the DASS system and
      in IF studies of sera and tissues.

PMID- 1101784
TI  - Experimental chronic serum sickness in rabbits that received daily multiple and
      high doses of antigen: a systemic disease.

PMID- 1101785
TI  - Defined immunofluorescence studies of anticollagen sera.

PMID- 1101786
TI  - An immunofluorescence approach to the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

PMID- 1101787
TI  - Comparison of antihuman immunoglobulin and antihuman FAB conjugates for the
      detection of tissue autoantibodies by immunofluorescence.

PMID- 1101788
TI  - The specificity of fetal IgM: antibody or anti-antibody?
AB  - Reference materials were produced to standardize the immunoglobulin class
      specificity and potency of immunofluorescent anti-IgM conjugates used for
      diagnostic tests for congenital syphilis. In attempting to mimic essential
      immunologic characteristics of syphilitic and nonsyphilitic infant sera, we
      evaluated these sera in comparison with processed adult sera. We were quite
      surprised to discover that some syphilitic babies do not produce significant
      quantities to IgM antibody to T. pallidum in response to their infection, as
      would be expected; instead, they make relatively large amounts of IgM anti-IgG.
      We found this to be true also for newborns and infants infected with
      cytomegalovirus, rubella, and toxoplasmosis. To our knowledge, this observation
      has not been previously reported. However, it could have been predicted from the
      knowledge that older infants and young children normally produce IgM antibodies
      to maternal IgG allotypes (Gm factors). We are disturbed that these findings
      suggest that currently recommended indirect immunofluorescence IgM tests for
      perinatal infection may not be disease specific. Our observations may be
      important for a better understanding of basic immunologic mechanisms of fetal
      maternal to tolerance and fetal response to life-threatening infection.

PMID- 1101789
TI  - Ocular leprosy in Hawaii: the past.
AB  - Leprosy in Hawaii dates back to about 1840. The first recorded ocular leprosy is
      from the 1880s. Robert Louis Stevenson and Jack London both wrote descriptions of
      the ocular signs of leprosy. Pinkerton in 1927 and Van Poole in 1934 reported
      large series of patients with ocular leprosy. In 1973 there were about 2,168
      cases of leprosy in the 50 states. Most ophthalmologists practice in areas where
      there are leprosy patients.

PMID- 1101790
TI  - [Bypass techniques during the anhepatic stage of transplantation of the liver
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101791
TI  - [Aneurysms of the gastroduodenal artery and its branches. With 5 case reports
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101792
TI  - [The value of the delta-pectoral flap, transplantation of the great omentum and
      hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the management of severe buccopharyngostoma (4
      cases) (author's transl)].

PMID- 1101793
TI  - [Use of 17 190 RP (Pirocrid) in maxillofacial surgery].

PMID- 1101794
TI  - [Overgrafting as secondary treatment for burn scars].

PMID- 1101795
TI  - [The closure of sacral decubitus ulcers using the so-called LLL diamond-shaped
      plasty].

PMID- 1101796
TI  - [Should pig skin be preserved?].

PMID- 1101797
TI  - Origin of the osseous bioelectric potentials: a review.
AB  - Recently, an electrophysical approach has been applied to the study of the long
      bone in order that a more complete understanding of its growth and structural
      integrity become available. Experimental studies have indicated that weak
      electric fields may be detected in living bone, in vivo, as the result of
      externally applied loads, normal weight bearing and pulsatile blood flow. In
      addition, physiological information may be derived from these electropotentials
      as functions of their magnitude and polarity. Several sources of these natural
      osseous bioelectric potentials have been proposed including piezoelectricity,
      electrokinetic phenomena, p-n semi-conductor junctions, pyroelectricity and
      photoelectricity. In this paper, these sourcesof bioelectricity are examined,
      their origins elucidated and their importance ranked in accordance with the
      maintenance of the structural integrity of the bone.

PMID- 1101798
TI  - [Study of anti-macrophage serum and of its effect on antibody formation].
AB  - A specific anti-macrophage serum (AMS) has been obtained by immunizing rabbits
      with mouse peritoneal exudate cells and after repeated absorption with mouse
      erythrocytes, thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes. A comparative study of the
      cytotoxic activities of this serum on macrophages, thymocytes and lymph node
      cells, before and after absorption, showed that macrophage posses antigens which
      are common to both thymic and lymph node lymphocytes, and other antigens which
      are in common with lymph node lymphocytes but absent on thymocytes, as well as
      antigens being particular to macrophages. The absorbed sera had a definite
      cytotoxic effect on macrophages in vitro. This effect was observed when
      complement was added immediately or 4 hours after incubation with serum. It was
      lost after 24 hours. An inhibitory effects of AMS on phagocytosis in vivo has
      also been observed, which disappeared after one day. Antibody production in vivo
      was only moderately affected by a pretreatment with AMS. However, addition of AMS
      to spleen cell cultures stimulated with sheep red blood cells inhibited the
      appearance of hemolytic plaque forming cells.

PMID- 1101799
TI  - The influence of cyclophosphamide on antibody formation in the mouse.
AB  - A single injection of cyclophosphamide (CY) (300 mg/kg) 8 h prior to immunization
      results in a complete suppression of the antibody formation in mice. The effect
      of CY on the number and activity of the surviving cells in the lymphoid organs
      was studied. For all organs tested there was a decrease in cell numbers to 10% or
      less till day 3, followed by an increase in cell numbers in bone marrow, spleen
      and lymph nodes. The increase in cell numbers in the thymus was delayed till
      after day 11. The bone marrow reached normal levels on day 7. The spleen
      surpassed the normal levels on day 11, reaching cell numbers which were 50% over
      the normal ones. For the thymus cells this was found only on day 21. The numbers
      of lymph node cells remained low and reached normal levels or higher only when
      the mice were stimulated after CY treatment. This effect of stimulation was
      further seen in the spleen cell numbers, where after stimulation with antigen in
      Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) or only FCA cell numbers of 200% of normal
      values were obtained. The suppression of antibody formation by CY could be
      restored by cells from spleen, lymph nodes, Peyer's patches or thymus and bone
      marrow, indicating a defect in both B and T cells caused by CY treatment. The
      target cell of CY treatment was studied by reconstitution of anergic mice with
      spleen or lymph node cells of CY treated mice with or without addition of normal
      bone marrow and thymus cells. This revealed that although the B cells is the main
      target cell of CY action, the impact on the T cell population is also
      considerable. When however CY treatment is followed by antigenic stimulation,
      there is a steep increase in the activity of the lymph node cells when bone
      marrow cells are added. This phenomenon resembles the education of thymus cells
      in the spleen of lethally irradiated mice in the presence of antigen.

PMID- 1101800
TI  - [Immunological activities of rat lymphocytes. III. --Isolation of differing
      subpopulations of lymphocytes by two techniques of T cell separation].
AB  - In previous studies we have isolated by density gradient separation a population
      of relatively dense T lymphocytes capable of inhibiting the mitogenic response to
      concanavalin A (ConA) and phytohaemagglutinin. In this study we compared two
      current methods of cell separation for their relative yield in T lymphocytes able
      or not to respond to Con A. The present results show that cells passed through
      nylon wool columns--in contrast to those obtained by removal of lymphocytes which
      bind erythrocyte-antibody-complement complex-partially lose their ability to
      respond to ConA. The response lost by passage through nylon wool columns can be
      restored by centrifugation of the T cell suspension on a gradient of "Ficoll
      Hypaque". This suggests that methods of T cells purification using density
      gradient separation may remove the more dense suppressor cells.

PMID- 1101801
TI  - [Protective effects of bacterial immunostimulants in mice infected by "Klebsiella
      pneumoniae" resistant to antibiotics after mutation or by plasmid transfer].
AB  - A streptomycin-resistant strain of K. pneumoniae obtained after mutation in vitro
      was found to be less virulent than the sensitive strain in mice. However, a
      single injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) administered 24 hours before
      challenge increased the host's resistance to both strains. In contrast, the
      virulence was not changed in K. pneumoniae accepting R-factors for ampicillin,
      streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and sulphonamide. The plasmids were
      transferred to K. pneumoniae from two strains of Escherichia coli possessing
      different R-factors with the same resistance pattern. As in the first case, mice
      pretreated by endotoxin were protected against a challenge by microorganisms
      carrying R-factors. The capacity of the stimulated host to destory resistant or
      sensitive organisms was of the same order. Klebsiella recovered 5 or 24 hours
      after infection from the blood, liver and spleen did not lost their antibiotic
      resistance. In this study, BCG and Corynebacterium granulosum were also used.
      Like LPS, these two immunostimulants protected very effectively mice infected
      with K. pneumoniae rendered resistant to antibiotics by R-factor transfer.

PMID- 1101802
TI  - [Proceedings: Anti-mitochondrial antibodies studied by immunofluorescence and
      complement fixation].

PMID- 1101803
TI  - [Proceedings: Effect of potassium iodide on the non-specific hapten-IgG
      interaction, titrated by fluorescence quenching].

PMID- 1101804
TI  - Proceedings: Detection of anti-TNP antibody-forming cells (AFC) with TNP-enzyme
      and TNP-Fab anti-enzyme conjugates ; comparison of AFC with plaque-forming cells
      (PFC).

PMID- 1101805
TI  - [Proceedings: Localization by immunofluorescence technic of an antigen associated
      with the nervous system].

PMID- 1101806
TI  - Regulation and genetics of bacterial nitrogen fixation.

PMID- 1101807
TI  - Human diarrheal disease caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1101808
TI  - Peptidases and proteases of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium.

PMID- 1101809
TI  - [Sensitivity of bacterial flora to antibiotics according to data from a clinical
      hospital].
AB  - Antibiotic sensitivity of E. coli O-124, Salmonella and Shigella sonnei isolated
      from patients during 1968-1972 was studied with the disc method. Increase in the
      resistance levels to monomycin and neomycin in E. coli O-124 was observed.
      Sensitivity of Salmonella and Shigella sonnei to some antibiotics did not
      practically change.

PMID- 1101810
TI  - [Transmissivity of drug resistance in Salmonella].
AB  - The experiments showed that among 110 Salmonella strains resistant to 1 or more
      antibiotics 54.5 per cent of the cultures transfered their resistance to E. coli
      when grown in vitro. The frequency of the transmissive drug resistance in
      Salmonella was directly proportional to the number of r-determinants in R-factor.
      The cultures resistant to ampicillin and kanamycin proved to be the most
      competent donors.

PMID- 1101811
TI  - [Study of the mechanisms of levomycetin inactivation by the palgue causative
      agent and Escherichia coli with episomal and chromosomal resistance. The
      enzymatic acetylation of levomycetin].
AB  - One of the mechanisms of levomycetin inactivation, i.e. enzymatic acetylation of
      the plague causative agent and Coli bacteria with chromosomic and episomic type
      of resistance was studied. It was shown that resistance to levomycetin in the
      recombinants of the plague microbe and Coli bacteria stipulated by one and the
      same R-factor was associated with their capacity for the antibiotic inactivation
      mainly with the help of levomycetinacetyltransferase. At the same time the enzyme
      activity in the mutants was very low and in the cells of Y. pestis and E. coli
      sensitive to the antibiotic it was absent. Levomycetinacetyltransferase is to
      somee extent soluble, still a singificant amount of it is connected with the
      structures of the bacterial cells and in particular with the cytoplasmic
      membranes. Comparison of the activity of levomycetinacetyltransferase as
      dependent on the incubation time, substrate concentration, pH and thermal
      treatment provided determination of quantitative differences in the properties of
      the enzyme of Y. petis and E. coli with episomic multiple drug resistance.
      However, under the experimental conditions transfer of R-factor from one host to
      the other induced no qualitative changes in the mechanism of levomycetin
      inactivation.

PMID- 1101812
TI  - [First phase in the clinical study of the antineoplastic antibiotic,
      carminomycin].
AB  - During the 1st stage of the clinical trials of karminomycin 92 patients with
      leukemia, solid tumors and lymphoma were treated with karminomycin. Two schemes
      for the antibiotic use were developed. The 1st scheme was a prolonged one with
      single doses of 10-15 mg (7.5 mg/m2) administered intravenously twice a week for
      3 weeks, the course dose being 60-75 mg (34-45 mg/m2) with 4-week intervals
      between the courses. The course dose for the patients previously subjected to
      intensive chemotherapy did not exceed 50 mg (30 mg/m2). The 2nd scheme was a
      short one with single doses of 8-10 mg (5.5 mg/m2) administered intravenously
      every day for 5 days, the course dose being 40-50 mg (23-30 mg/m2) with 3-week
      intervals between the courses. Karminomycin induced in a number of patients a
      direct side effect, such as nausea, vomiting, asthenia, tachycardia, pain in the
      heart. In some patients leucopenia, thrombocitopenia, rare stomatitis, alopecia,
      lowered T peak in the chest curves of the cardiograms were observed after using
      the course dose.

PMID- 1101813
TI  - Potential for in vivo acquisition of R plasmids by one strain of Vibrio cholerae
      biotype El tor.
AB  - The feces of five patients admitted to a hospital during an outbreak of cholera
      in Melbourne, Australia, in November 1972, were examined for the presence of
      tetracycline-resistant coliforms and tetracycline-resistant strains of Vibrio
      cholerae. Despite the abundance of tetracycline-resistant coliforms able to
      transfer this resistance to other strains of Escherichia coli, no tetracycline
      resistant strains of V. cholerae were detected. In vitro transfer experiments
      using the V. cholerae strain responsible for the outbreak as recipient revealed
      that it was a particularly poor host for most R plasmids.

PMID- 1101814
TI  - In vitro studies with combinations of 5-fluorocytosine and amphotericin B.
AB  - Synergistic antifungal activity of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and amphotericin B was
      studied using an abbreviated checkerboard titration scheme. 5-FC was titrated in
      twofold increments (100 to 0.05 mug/ml) in the absence and presence of graded
      increments of amphotericin B (1.0. 0.5, 0.1, 0.05, and 0.01 mug/ml) in buffered
      yeast nitrogen base. A limited number of experiments were performed using
      expanded dual titration checkerboard schemes and growth curve studies. Forty
      eight isolates of yeastlike organisms were tested; two were inhibited by the
      buffer system. Evidence of synergy, as indicated by a fourfold or greater
      reduction of the minimal inhibitory concentration of 5-FC in the presence of
      subinhibitory concentrations of amphotericin B, was seen with 11 of 46 isolates,
      or 24%, at the fungistatic level and with three isolates, or 7% at the fungicidal
      level. Indifferent results were obtained for 44 and 74% of the isolates,
      respectively, at the fungistatic and fungicidal levels. Antagonism was observed
      with three isolates.

PMID- 1101815
TI  - Distribution of R plasmids among the O-antigen types of Escherichia coli isolated
      from human and animal sources.
AB  - The O-antigen types of 600 independently isolated Escherichia coli strains from
      human feces have been determined, and the types have been related to the
      antibiotic resistance patterns of the strains. The relative abundance of each O
      antigen type differed in the susceptible and resistant series of strains. The
      majority (86%) of the resistant strains carried R plasmids. Resistant E. coli
      (20.3%) were found associated with O-antigen types 8, 9 and 101, whereas the
      susceptible strains covered a wide range of O-antigen types. Examination of 174
      resistant strains isolated from calf feces also showed a prevalence of O-antigen
      types 8, 9, 101 (24.1%), and it seems probable that strains expressing these
      three O-antigen types commonly carry R plasmids in the alimentary tracts of man
      and calves. The number of strains not typeable with the O sera available were
      similar in the human (12.5%) and the calf (11.5%) series. There are no grounds
      for distinguishing "human" from "calf" E. coli on the basis of their O-antigen
      reactions.

PMID- 1101816
TI  - Properties of the gentamicin acetyltransferase enzyme and application to the
      assay of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
AB  - The acetyltransferase technique of serum gentamicin assay was demonstrated to be
      specific for aminoglycoside antibiotics. The enzyme involved was isolated and
      stabilized by lyophilization.

PMID- 1101817
TI  - Plasmid-determined epistatic susceptibility to kasugamycin.
AB  - The effect of two representative plasmids, R100 and F8-gal, on the susceptibility
      of Escherichia coli to kasugamycin was studied. R(+) and F(+) cells were found to
      be more susceptible to this antibiotic than R(-) and F(-) cells, respectively.
      Retransfer and curing experiments of these plasmids show that this increased
      susceptibility of host cells to kasugamycin was conferred by either of the
      plasmids. At the early stage of growth of R100(+) cells in the presence of
      kasugamycin, R(-) segregants overgrew the population and then they were replaced
      by kasugamycin-resistant mutants of the R(+) cells which became the majority cell
      line of the population. The former phenomenon is assumed to be due to the
      increased susceptibility of R100(+) cells to kasugamycin, and the latter is
      probably related to the finding that R100 enhances the spontaneous mutation of
      host cells to resistance to kasugamycin. The practical and experimental
      significance of these findings are discussed.

PMID- 1101818
TI  - Nalidixic acid: an antibacterial paradox.
AB  - Nalidixic acid was found to be most bactericidal against various species of gram
      negative bacteria at 50 to 200 mug/ml. With all species tested, increases in the
      concentration of nalidixic acid above this range reduced, rather than increased,
      its bactericidal effect so that, at levels in the region of 400 mug/ml, the drug
      was relatively bacteriostatic. Therefore, the mode of action of nalidixic acid at
      various concentrations was investigated. It was found that at the most
      bactericidal concentration deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, but no ribonucleic
      acid (RNA) or protein synthesis, was inhibited. However at higher concentrations,
      where the drug is least bactericidal, both RNA and protein synthesis were found
      to be inhibited. Results are presented which suggest that the protein synthesis
      inhibition is a secondary manifestation of the ability of the drug to inhibit RNA
      synthesis, and that of RNA synthesis is most likely the second target site for
      the action of the drug when bacteria are exposed to it in high concentrations.
      The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

PMID- 1101819
TI  - Relation of beta-lactamase activity to antimicrobial susceptibility in Serratia
      marcescens.
AB  - One-hundred clinical isolates of Serratia marcescens were tested for
      susceptibility to cephalothin, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, ampicillin, and
      cefoxitin. The majority of the 100 isolates (>/=70%) were susceptible to
      carbenicillin, ticarcillin, and cefoxitin; less than one-half were susceptible to
      ampicillin; none were susceptible to cephalothin. Ten isolates from the 100
      organisms tested were selectively assayed for their beta-lactamase activity.
      Enzyme activity was measured using either iodometric or spectrophotometric
      methods, and the microbiological assay technique. It was concluded that beta
      lactamase production was not the sole determinant in beta-lactam antibiotic
      resistance. Resistance without demonstrable beta-lactamase was evident in strains
      for cephalothin, ampicillin, and cefoxitin. In addition, one strain which was
      susceptible to all antibiotics except cephalothin, elaborated considerable beta
      lactamase activity.

PMID- 1101820
TI  - Evaluation of topical polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid in treatment of
      localized herpes zoster in children with cancer: a randomized, double-blind
      controlled study.
AB  - Twenty-four children with cancer and localized herpes zoster were randomized to
      receive either topical polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] or a
      saline placebo. Solutions containing 1.0 or 2.5 mg of drug per ml were applied to
      the lesions every 3 h, seven times a day for 7 consecutive days. Serial,
      standardized color photographs were used to evaluate the progression of lesions
      and maximum percentage of dermatome involvement. In patients receiving poly(I:C),
      the median days of new lesions after therapy was 2.0 days as opposed to 3.5 days
      in placebo-treated patients. This difference was not statistically significant.
      Moreover, the total median days of lesions and percentage of dermatome
      involvement were similar in both groups, as were complications. Neither the
      concentration nor the total dose of drug was related to the outcome of infection.
      We conclude that topical poly(I:C), as used in this study, was of no benefit in
      treatment of localized herpes zoster.

PMID- 1101821
TI  - Sequence effect on ampicillin blood levels noted in an amoxicillin, ampicillin,
      and epicillin triple crossover study.
AB  - Amoxicillin, ampicillin, and epicillin (500 mg of each) were given orally to
      fasting men and women in a triple crossover study. Peak serum concentrations were
      significantly higher for amoxicillin than for ampicillin and significantly lowest
      for epicillin. The concentrations of antibiotics in serum were comparable in men
      and women. Total urine recovery was highest for amoxicillin (56.7%) and lowest
      for epicillin (27.5%), and higher in men than in women for each of the three
      antibiotics. Saliva, sweat, and tears contained only very small amounts of
      amoxicillin and, rarely, ampicillin or epicillin. A significant (P < 0.02)
      sequence effect was noted in that peak serum concentrations of ampicillin were
      higher (6.4 mug/ml) if epicillin had been taken the previous week than when
      ampicillin was taken first (2.7 mug/ml).

PMID- 1101822
TI  - Feasibility of administering aminoglycoside antibiotics by continuous intravenous
      infusion.
AB  - Eleven patients each received gentamicin sulfate, tobramycin, and sisomicin by
      continuous intravenous infusion after an initial loading dose. Subsequent doses
      of antibiotic were adjusted in an attempt to maintain constant serum
      concentrations. There was considerable variation in the serum concentration from
      patient to patient and in the same patient from day to day with each drug.
      Although the dosages of gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin were similar, the serum
      concentrations of the latter drug were consistently lower. Despite the daily
      administration of doses of at least 300 mg of gentamicin and tobramycin per m(2)
      and 160 mg of sisomicin per m(2), nephrotoxicity occurred in only three patients.
      This is a low frequency of nephrotoxicity, considering the dosages of drug
      administered. Although therapeutic efficacy was not an objective of this study, 8
      of 11 documented infections were cured. This approach to the administration of
      aminoglycoside antibiotics deserves therapeutic trials.

PMID- 1101823
TI  - Effect of surfactants on antibiotic resistance.
AB  - The effectiveness of surfactants as potentiators of antibiotic activity on
      several resistant strains of bacteria, selected from clinical sources and
      laboratory collections, was studied using a tube dilution assay. Bacterial
      strains included members of the Enterobacteriaceae and staphylococci.
      Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), Tween 80 (Tw80), a mixture of n
      alkyldimethyl betaines (L14), and alpha-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid
      (TCP) were tested in combination with pencillin G (PenG), methicillin (Met),
      streptomycin (Sm), polymyxin B (PmB), and chlortetracycline (CTC). Growth
      response to the drug combinations was compared with the response to each drug
      alone. CTAB and L14 but not Tw80 or TCP were found to potentiate the activity of
      CTC on strains of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
      Studies on the inhibition of protein synthesis by CTC in cells of a strain of E.
      coli suggested that the surfactants increased the uptake of antibiotic into the
      cells. CTAB and L14 almost completely sensitized strains of P. mirabilis,
      Serratia marcescens, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli to PmB. With the exception of K.
      pneumoniae, TCP was also effective in potentiating the activity of PmB on the
      above strains whereas Tw80 showed potentiation only with a strain of E. coli.
      CTAB and L14 but not TCP or Tw80 potentiated the activity of PenG but not Met on
      strains of staphylococci. Studies of penicillinase in the cells suggested that
      the surfactants inhibited the formation of this enzyme possibly at the level of
      induction. None of the surfactants were found to potentiate the activity of Sm.

PMID- 1101824
TI  - Binding of bacteriocin Clo DF13 to Clo DF13 plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid in vivo
      and in vitro.
AB  - The bacteriocinogenic plasmid Clo DF13 is present in Escherichia coli to the
      extent of 10 copies per cell. A complex of Clo DF13 plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid
      (DNA) and protein can be isolated from cells. Treatment of the complex with ionic
      detergents or proteases dissociates the complex but does not convert any
      supercoiled Clo DF13 DNA to the open circular form, indicating that this complex
      is not a relaxation complex. The complex is stable in 0.5 M NaCl and contains one
      polypeptide species. The protein, present in the complex, appeared to be
      bacteriocin Clo DF13 for the following reasons: (i) the protein is de novo
      synthesized in Clo DF13-harboring minicells, indicating that this protein is Clo
      DF13 specific; (ii) this protein shows bacteriocinogenic activity on a
      bacteriocin Clo DF13-susceptible indicator strain; (iii) this protein has the
      same molecular weight (60,000) as bacteriocin Clo DF13. DNA-protein binding
      experiments, involving QAE-Sephadex column chromatography and nitrocellulose
      membrane filters, demonstrate that bacteriocin Clo DF13 has also affinity in
      vitro for Clo DF13 DNA. Membrane filter binding experiments revealed that
      bacteriocin Clo DF13 does not interact with other DNA species, such as ColE1 DNA,
      yeast DNA, calf thymus DNA, phiX174 DNA, and also not with denatured Clo DF13
      DNA. In addition no binding to Clo DF13 DNA of a related bacteriocin, colicin E3,
      could be detected. These results indicate that the binding of bacteriocin Clo DF
      13 to double-stranded Clo DF13 DNA is very specific.

PMID- 1101825
TI  - Enhancement by nalidixic acid of the thermal susceptibility of the Ts-7 mutant of
      Escherichia coli TAU-bar.
AB  - Nadilidixic acid at 5 x 10(-6) M produced a substantial increase in thermal
      susceptibility of Ts-7, suggesting either that the thermal and nalidixic acid
      targets are identical or closely interdependent.

PMID- 1101826
TI  - Stability of Escherichia coli membrane proteins during chloramphenicol treatment.
AB  - It is shown that there is no degradation of previously formed inner and outer
      membrane proteins of Escherichia coli during 1 h of chloramphenicol treatment.

PMID- 1101827
TI  - Detection of mannitol formation by bacteria.
AB  - A test is described by means of which formation of mannitol from fructose by
      lactic acid bacteria can be readily detected. The test is based on removal of
      interference of residual fructose by dehydration with hydrochloric acid followed
      by thin-layer chromatography.

PMID- 1101828
TI  - Effect of chloramphenicol and starvation for an essential amino acid on
      polypeptide and polyribonucleotide synthesis in Escherichia coli infected with
      bacteriophage T4.

PMID- 1101829
TI  - Stimulation of in vitro transcription of T4 DNA by the polyamine spermidine.

PMID- 1101830
TI  - Methylated amino acids in the proteins of bacterial and mammalian cells.

PMID- 1101831
TI  - Biogenesis of mitochondria. The effects of altered steady-state membrane lipid
      composition on mitochondrial-energy metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PMID- 1101832
TI  - Masking of peptidyl transferase activity in polyribosomes.

PMID- 1101833
TI  - Immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin D in rabbit skin.
AB  - The lysosomal proteinase cathepsin D has been localized in rabbit skin by
      immunocytochemical techniques. The enzyme was found in the basal layer of the
      epidermis, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells.
      An autoradiographic technique, using the Fab' fragment of IgG, was also used for
      more effective identification of cell types that contain cathepsin D.

PMID- 1101834
TI  - Bibliography of secondary sources on the history of dermatology. II. Obituaries
      and biographies in English journals before 1973: M through Z.

PMID- 1101835
TI  - Congenital myotonic dystrophy in Britain. I. Clinical aspects.
AB  - A clinical and genetic study of congenital myotonic dystrophy in Britain has been
      carried out in 70 patients from 54 sibships. The clinical aspects are analysed
      here, and the existence of a syndrome clinically distinct from myotonic dystrophy
      of later onset is confirmed. Characteristic features included neonatal hypotonia,
      motor and mental retardation, and facial diplegia. A high incidence of talipes
      occurs at birth together with hydramnios and reduced fetal movements during
      pregnancy, factors suggesting prenatal onset of the disorder in many cases.
      Prolonged survival is the rule after infancy, but the occurrence of numerous
      neonatal deaths in the sibships suggests the existence of unrecognized cases
      dying in the neonatal period.

PMID- 1101836
TI  - The pathogenesis of pulmonary edema in acute pancreatitis.
AB  - Acute pulmonary edema appeared 3 or more days after the onset of acute
      pancreatitis in 7 patients, an approximate incidence of 8%. The severity of
      pancreatitis in these patients was characterized by massive requirements for
      intravenous colloid and by marked hypocalcemia. In addition, at least 5 of the 7
      patients had very high serum levels of triglycerides at the time of hospital
      admission. Hemodynamic studies during pulmonary edema showed normal central
      venous pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure,
      and pulmonary vascular resistance. Cardiac index was appropriately elevated.
      Respiratory treatment, consisting of endotracheal intubation and controlled
      ventilation with PEEP, was successful in allowing reversal of the pulmonary
      injury and recovery of respiratory function within 1-2 weeks in all cases. Two
      patients died later from pancreatic abscesses. The findings indicate that a
      distinct form of pulmonary injury may occur in acute pancreatitis, characterized
      by loss of integrity of the alveolar-capilllary membrane, leading to pulmonary
      edema. The mechanism of injury is not known but may be caused by circulating free
      fatty acids, phospholipase A, or vasoactive substances. The pulmonary membrane
      lesion appears to heal during the period of intensive respiratory support.

PMID- 1101837
TI  - [Protective effect of glucose-insulin-potassium solutions in myocardial damage
      caused by emetine].
AB  - This study was carried out on 170 dogs. Cardiotoxic effects of doses of 15 mg/kg
      of emetine hydrochloride were studied in 20 dogs. 20 mg/kg of emetine
      hydrochloride were administered intravenously over 60 min. to the remaining 150
      animals. These dogs were distributed in groups of 25. One group received emetine
      alone. Phleboclyses with saline serum, glucose-insulin-potassium, glocose
      insulin, glucose-potassium and glucose serum alone, respectively, were
      administered to the other 5 groups during the emetine infusion and cardial
      contraction and several electrograms were recorded. Mean systolic blood pressure
      was measured continuously in the femoral artery. Observations covered a 4 hour
      period. During the infusion of emetine alone, ventricular myocardial contraction
      and systemic arterial pressure decreased abruptly. Intra-atrial, atrio
      ventricular and intraventricular conduction disorders, as weel as primary
      ventricular repolarization changes, were also observed. At the end of this
      infusion, the Q-T interval increased 25% and the heart rate decreased 26% of the
      control values. In the group also receiving glucose-insulin-potassium solution,
      the fall of the ventricular contraction amplitude was significantly less than in
      animals given emetine alone. Primary ventricular repolarization changes were less
      evident. The mortality rate reached only 4 per cent. In conclusion, the doses of
      emetine hydrochloride employed here have depressive cardiocirculatory effects.
      Glucose-insulin-potassium solution, administered simultaneously with emetine,
      seems to have a favorable metabolic effect against the emetine cardiotoxicity.
      This protective action of the G-I-K solution is superior to that obtained with
      each component, administered separately, and with saline serum.

PMID- 1101838
TI  - [Double-blind therapeutic trial of spironolactone in arterial hypertension].
AB  - Spironolactone is a diuretic, selective aldosterone, antagonist with its own
      antihypertensive action which prevents body loss of potassium. Its clinical use
      has been documented on the treatment of essential arterial hypertension; however,
      there does not seem to be enough information to form a solid chemical criterion.
      This work is a clinical evaluation of the antihypertensive effect of the drug
      using double-blind technic with 41 patients with essential arterial hypertension,
      all external patients from the Instituto de Cardiologia. They were divided in two
      groups, selected at random, to be able to observe their tensional range with
      spironolactone every two weeks, during 16 weeks; and using a placebo for the next
      16 weeks. On group following this order; and the other one viceversa. After 32
      weeks, the results observed show the effect of placebo, as well as spironolactone
      on arterial pressure and the statistic comparison, states the real
      antihypertensive effect of the drug on this group of patients. Every day doses
      were from 300 to 450 mg., and with it there was a rise in seric potassium of an
      average of 1 mEq/l. The authors suggest that this drug is useful in cases of
      essential hypertension although its pathway isn't deeply known. Apparently, the
      antihypertensive effect of spironolactone is not solely on patients with
      hypertension due to primary aldosteronism. The intervention on various
      hipertensinogenous factors in relation to its effect are discussed.

PMID- 1101839
TI  - Hypothalamic and nutritional obesities in mice. A comparative study of growth and
      body composition.
AB  - Obesities induced in mice by a single injection of gold thioglucose or by a
      change to a fat-enriched diet(containing 8% fat) were studied in young and adult
      mice of Charles River strain. These two forms of obesity were compared and
      contrasted with normal animals maintained on 2.5% fat diet for life. The
      comparison was based on individual growth, age-realted fat, water and defatted
      dry weight of carcasses and their distribution of weights within larger
      populations. Young animals on diets containing 8% fat showed an elevated
      accumulation of fat but not of water. Individual variations lead to an abnormally
      distributed population where in some animals the excess in weight was
      characterized by an excessive fat and lean body mass and in others by an excess
      fat only. Some animals showed no excessive weight when compared to animals
      maintained on 2.5% fat. The rapid gain in weight which followed a successful
      injection with gold thioglucose showed a normal distrubution and was correlated
      with an accumulation of fat in young and adult animals. A significant retention
      of water was observed only in adults. The relative merits of these obesities as
      models for human regulatory obesities are briefly discussed.

PMID- 1101840
TI  - Roberto Bianconi (1927-1972).

PMID- 1101841
TI  - [Jeronimo Molina Nunez].

PMID- 1101842
TI  - Very high dosage vs standard dosage fluphenazine in schizophrenia. A double-blind
      study of nonchronic treatment-refractory patients.
AB  - Previous work with chronic schizophrenic patients and a pilot study with
      nonchronic treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients indicated that very high
      doses of fluphenazine hydrochloride (1,200 mg/day) have a greater antipsychotic
      effect than do standard doses. Increased side-effects were not reported. In a
      double-blind six-week random assignment study, 18 nonchronic treatment-refractory
      patients received the very high dose and 13 the standard dose. The standard-dose
      treated patients had greater improvement on a variety of measures. Analysis of
      Inpatient Multidimensional Psychiatric Scale scores indicate that some patients
      taking very high doses had akinesia, and extrapyramidal side-effect that in part
      accounted for their inferior response.

PMID- 1101843
TI  - Amitriptyline-perphenazine interaction in ambulatory schizophrenic patients. A
      controled study of drug interaction.
AB  - In a double-blind placebo, controlled clinical study, lasting 12 weeks, 48 male
      and 48 female ambulatory schizophrenic patients were randomly assigned to one of
      four treatments: placebo; amitriptyline hydrochloride, 125 mg/day; perphenazine,
      20 mg/day; or amitriptyline-perphenazine, 20 mg/day. Treatment groups contained
      an equal number of male and female patients. Perphenazine alone or in combination
      was substantially more effective in reducing psychopathological disorder than was
      the placebo, but there was no evidence to indicate the superiority of the
      amitriptyline-perphenazine combination over perphenazine alone. Amitriptyline
      alone was not substantially better than placebo and could not be considered an
      efficacious medication for the maintenance treatment of these patients. Less
      response to treatment was made by patients with longer-term records of prior
      hospitalization.

PMID- 1101844
TI  - Comparison of efficacy of lithium carbonate and chlorpromazine in mania. Report
      of collaborative study group on treatment of mania in Japan.
AB  - A multi-institutional cooperative study comparing lithium carbonate with
      chlorpromazine was conducted, using a controlled double-blind design in a series
      of 80 cases of endogenous manic psychosis, to evaluate the drugs' clinical
      utility and efficacy, characteristics of therapeutic effect, and side-effects.
      Dosages employed were consistently at an equipotent ratio of 4:1 (lithium
      carbonate:chlorpromazine). Physicians' overall ratings showed lithium carbonate
      as significantly superior to chlorpromazine in efficacy for manic psychosis.
      Improvements of basic mood and of disturbance in speech and voice were prominent
      with lithium carbonate. Onset of the therapeutic effect of lithium carbonate was
      within ten days of medication in 65% of the patients, significantly faster than
      with chlorpromazine. Side-effects encountered with lithium carbonate therapy at
      dose levels not higher than 1,800 mg/day were milder and less frequent compared
      with those seen with chlorpromazine.

PMID- 1101845
TI  - Lithium carbonate response in depression. Prediction by unipolar/bipolar illness,
      average-evoked response, catechol-O-methyl transferase, and family history.
AB  - The antidepressant efficacy of lithium carbonate was assessed in a double-blind
      trial in 23 hospitalized depressed patients. Unequivocal response was
      significantly more frequent in bipolar than in unipolar depressed patients.
      Lithium carbonate responders had a greater visual average-evoked response
      amplitude increase in response to increased stimulus intensity, termed
      "augmenting". No correlation could be demonstrated between lithium carbonate
      efficacy and either erythrocyte catechol-O-methyl transferase activity, age of
      symptom onset, number of hospitalizations, or family history of affective
      disorders.

PMID- 1101846
TI  - Total sleep deprivation on endogenous depression.
AB  - Ten endogenous depressive patients were deprived of sleep for two whole nights
      according to the following schedule: sleep/sleep deprivation/sleep/sleep
      deprivation/sleep. No drugs were administered. Experimental conditions were as
      neutral as possible. Blind and nonblind ratings were taken. The patients were
      generally rated as improved after sleep deprivation, but a substantial effect,
      though temporary with rapid relapse, occurred in only two cases. After subsequent
      sleep, relapse followed as a rule. The net antidepressive effect of the total
      procedure was slightly more than nil.

PMID- 1101847
TI  - A comparison of antidepressant medications in neurotic and psychotic patients.
AB  - The responses of 225 newly hospitalized depressed women to amitriptyline
      hydrochloride, imipramine hydrochloride, and thioridazine were compared with
      particular reference to the psychotic-neurotic distinction. During the first
      week, more psychotic patients required sedation and more antidepressant
      medication than did neurotic patients. All treatment groups showed improvement in
      psychometric criteria after the first week. There was decreasing improvement
      through the successive weeks, and no statistically significant differences among
      treatments emerged. Responses of the neurotic group were superior to those of the
      psychotic group, but there was no psychometric evidence of interaction between
      diagnostic classification and treatment effect. The results do not support the
      hypothesis that any one of these treatments is preferable for neurotic patients
      or for psychotic patients.

PMID- 1101848
TI  - [Pavel Alekseevich Koval'skii (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1101849
TI  - [Modern nosology and the pathomorphism of kidney diseases].
AB  - In studies of the Bright disease the most promising have proved to be functional
      physiological and immunological lines, genetic, morphological and enzymological
      investigations. Achievements of nephrology in studies of nosological forms have
      made it possible to describe new disorders, to give different interpretation of
      the diseases existed earlier, and to fractionate the "monolith" nosological
      forms, which complicates the development of classificational forms of kidney
      diseases. Singling out of individual disease is impeded, moreover, by the
      pathomorphosis of kidney diseases, a phenomenon particularly noticeable during
      the last decade, which not infrequently is difficult to be distinguished from
      pathology of therapy. The existing classifications of kidney diseases do not meet
      any longer theoretical and practical needs of current nephrology. In elaborating
      rational classificational schemes one should be guided not by one but by several
      principles, including etiological, pathogenetic, clinical, and structural ones,
      hereditary pathology being considered quite separately.

PMID- 1101850
TI  - [Utilization of luminescent monospecific sera against human immunoglobulins G, A
      and M for diagnostic purposes].
AB  - A method for obtaining luminescent sera, consisting in isolation of pure antigens
      G, A, M from human gamma-globulin and blood serum from patients with myeloma
      disease is suggested. A native antiserum was obtained by immunization of rabbits
      with water-insoluble polycondensate of antigens "sewn" with glutaric aldehyde.
      Adsorption of antisera as well as specific antigens was carried out with antigen-
      and antibodyimmunosorbent, the latter being obtained with the help of both
      glutaric aldehyde and sefarose 4B treated with cyanogen bromide. The sera had a
      specific titre in the precipitation reaction against their own antigens 1:32 and
      were highly specific. A globulin fraction was obtained by sedimentation with
      polyethylene-glycol. Marking of the specific protein with fluoresceine
      isothiocyanate was carried out using the dialysis method with subsequent
      purification on sefadex and DEAE-cellulose. The application of the abovementioned
      sera made it possible to ascertain the character of distribution of deposits of
      immunoglobulins in glomeruli in systemic lupus erythematodes, glomerulonephritis
      and in the cells of the synovial fluid sediment in rhematoid arthritis.

PMID- 1101851
TI  - [Morphometric study of the thyroid gland].
AB  - The article surveys the most important morphometric methods used for
      investigating the thyroid gland. Applicability of various histophysiological
      criteria for evaluation of the functional state of the organ and investigation of
      changes in its individual structural components in physiological and pathological
      processes is discussed. The connection between various quantitative indices and
      the most rational morphometric techniques based on the methods of planimetry and
      stereology are considered.

PMID- 1101852
TI  - [Grigorii L'vovich Derman (on his 85th birthday)].

PMID- 1101853
TI  - [Ivan Ivanovich Dorokhov (on his 60th birthday)].

PMID- 1101854
TI  - [Characteristics of the pathomorphological manifestation of salmonella infection
      in guinea pigs and hamsters].
AB  - Observations on the manifestations of salmonellosis infection in various species
      of laboratory animals made it possible to establish general regularities inherent
      to this infectious disease, to reveal features depending on metabolic,
      morphological and microbiological characteristics of a given species of animals.
      These comparative data are of importance for understanding the factors
      determining resistance or sensitivity of the macroorganism to infection.
      Pathomorphological and microbiological investigations of experimental
      salmonellosis infection in hamsters and guinea-pigs showed that changes
      characteristic of this infection were manifested considerably weaker in guinea
      pigs than in hamsters. Of special interest were lesions of the large intestine
      mucosa wall in guinea pigs and those of the lungs in hamsters. These data may be
      a subject of a special study. Development and course of the experimental
      infection were not accompanied by the development of disbacteriosis. Pathogenic
      bacteria were eliminated on the 2nd--4th day in guinea pigs and on the 5--7th day
      in hamsters.

PMID- 1101855
TI  - [Aberrant pancreas in Meckel's diverticulum].

PMID- 1101856
TI  - [Listeriosis in agricultural animals (problems of the epizootiology, pathological
      anatomy and pathogenesis)].
AB  - Data are presented on the main problems of epizootology, pathological anatomy and
      pathogenesis of listeriosis of agricultural animals. It was shown that under
      natural conditions all species of agricultural animals are susceptible to the
      condition but ship are affected most often. Various clinico-anatomic forms of the
      disease are considered: nervous, septicemic, metrogenic, mixed, subclinical and
      latent. Domestic animals were observed to suffer predominantly from the nervous
      form of the disease. Basing on literature reports and his own findings, the
      author elucidates with greater detail problems of pathomorphology and
      pathogenesis of the nervous form of listeriosis and shows the importance of the
      neurogenic pathway in the development of listerious encephalomyelitis.

PMID- 1101857
TI  - [Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kraevskii (on his 70th birthday)].

PMID- 1101858
TI  - [Perhexiline maleate in the treatment of angina pectoris - double blind study].

PMID- 1101859
TI  - Microsurgical nerve sutures improve rehabilitation and may prevent Wallerian
      degeneration.

PMID- 1101860
TI  - [Ependymoma of the cauda equina with distant metastases].

PMID- 1101861
TI  - Scleral perforation. A complication of the soft contact lens.
AB  - A large area of conjunctiva and a smaller area of full thickness sclera eroded
      immediately adjacent to the edge of a soft contact lens. The soft lens was worn
      to protect the epithelium of a corneal graft in an alkali-burned eye. The
      conjunctiva-sclera necrosis appears to be a complication of a distorted and
      tightly fitting lens.

PMID- 1101862
TI  - Fat embolism: physiopathology, diagnosis with management.
AB  - This paper describes the components of the post-traumatic syndrome. The
      pathological state of fat macroglobulinemia by occlusion of arteriolar terminal
      branches of vital organs causes the fat embolic syndrome. The main
      physiopathological problem is pulmonary insufficiency in an acute or subacute
      form. The cerebral embolus is second. The symptomatology varies and is not
      characteristic. According to their importance they were described as minor or
      major in the diagnosis of fat emboli. Only recently, treatment for the fat emboli
      syndrome has been initiated, consisting mainly in supportive measures,
      respiratory care and anti-inflammatory drugs, mainly cortisone.

PMID- 1101863
TI  - [Longitudinal growth of the tibia using the model of a congenital pseudarthrosis
      of the tibia (author's transl)].
AB  - Authors could not confirm a growth disturbance--suggested by other workers--at
      the distal end of the tibia in a modell experiment of congenital pseudarthrosis
      of the leg.

PMID- 1101864
TI  - [Elongation of the anterior cruciate ligament--reefing or displacing (author's
      transl)].
AB  - Among old injuries involving the cruciate ligaments elongation of the anterior
      cruciate ligament is found in 20%. Follow-up examinations revealed that the purse
      string suture technique does not guarantee permanent tightness of the anterior
      cruciate ligament. In consideration of the unsatisfactory results obtained by the
      purse-string suture technique it is suggested to effect tightness of the anterior
      cruciate ligament by the transfer of its distal insertion. The technique is
      described.

PMID- 1101865
TI  - A radiographic evaluation of microporosity in a nickel base casting allow.
AB  - Three series of tensile test pieces were produced using a nickel base partial
      denture casting alloy. For the first series induction heating was employed, for
      the second a resistance crucible, and for the third an oxy-acetylene torch. All
      specimens were radiographed and a classification developed to indicate the
      radiographic soundness of each specimen. Radiographic soundness was subsequently
      related to the results obtained from mechanical testing.

PMID- 1101866
TI  - The value of associating pentazocine with drugs used in accepted intravenous
      techniques.
AB  - Pentazocine, a systemic analgesic, can be utilized in local analgesic and
      intravenous techniques to provide better operating conditions in difficult cases,
      a reduction in the dosage of other agents employed, and a smoother recovery
      period.

PMID- 1101867
TI  - Obituary: John M. Newton, O.B.E.

PMID- 1101868
TI  - Hepatitis B antigen, auto-antibodies and liver disease in a haemodialysis and
      transplantation unit.
AB  - This study concerns hepatitis B antigen and antibody, (HBAg and HBAb) auto
      antibodies and liver disease in a renal haemodialysis and transplantation unit
      between February, 1970 and December, 1972. Fourteen per cent of patients on
      maintenance haemodialysis, 25% of renal transplant recipients, and 5% of the
      staff were HBAg positive during this period. Three family members of antigen
      positive patients developed hepatitis; all were either antigen or antibody
      positive. Both immuno-electro-osmo-phoresis and radio-immuno-assay were used to
      detect HBAg. No additional carriers were identified among the dialysis or
      transplant patients by applying the more sensitive technique, although two
      persons with hepatitis were positive only by RIA. None of the staff members who
      developed antigen positive hepatitis died, and no one became a carrier. Dialysis
      patients who had icteric hepatis also cleared the antigen from the serum.
      Clinical hepatitis did not occur in immunosuppressed graft recipients who were
      carriers of the ay subtype of the antigen, nor was there histological evidence of
      liver disease in 18 of 19 of such carriers studied. Moreover, there was no
      association between long term carriage of the antigen and the presence of the
      auto-antibodies characteristic of chronic active hepatitis. Rapid reduction of
      immunosuppression was followed by acute hepatitis in one carrier, while another,
      whose antigen was of the ad subtype, developed micro-nodular cirrhosis.

PMID- 1101869
TI  - The Gordon-Taylor memorial lecture: metatropoi aurai--the winds of change.

PMID- 1101870
TI  - The surgical management of subphrenic abscess: a historical study.
AB  - This paper is a study of the evolution of the management of subphrenic abscess
      from the earliest reports to the present day. Its purpose is to compare and
      contrast the attitudes and practices established during the earlier years with
      those of the present, in particular in relation to changes consequent on the
      introduction of antibiotics.

PMID- 1101871
TI  - Experimental gut anastomoses and their revascularization.
AB  - A study was made of the healing and revascularization of intestinal anastomoses
      in the small and large intestines of rabbits. Single-layer and double-layer
      suture, techniques were used and compared, and revascularization of the
      anastomoses was particularly examined after devascularization of their distal
      segments. The anastomotic segments were removed at intervals after construction
      varying from one to six weeks and studied histologically after haemotoxylin and
      eosin staining, by xylol-clear thick sections and by angiography, a gelatin
      Micropaque emulsion being used to fill the vascular network. Forty-four rabbit
      intestinal anastomoses were studied. Inverted intestinal anastomoses took about
      two weeks to develop continuous mucosa on the luminal side, and were completely
      healed after six weeks. Revascularization began after eight days with both single
      layer and double-layer anastomoses, proceeding from the submucosal and the
      surrounding muscular layers. The vascular pattern mirrored the healing stage of
      the anastomosis. Irregular fine vessels crossing the anastomoses were seen in
      specimens examined at the second week. After three or four weeks, the vascular
      patterns of the anastomoses showed an irregularity of calibre and direction
      because of the presence of residual scar tissue, and the mucosal surfaces were
      covered with regenerating epithelium. Healing and revascularization were complete
      after six weeks.

PMID- 1101872
TI  - Frank Douglas Stephens.

PMID- 1101873
TI  - George Robin Adlington Syme.

PMID- 1101874
TI  - Allan Frederick Dwyer, M.B.E., 1920-1975.

PMID- 1101875
TI  - Letter: Multiceps multiceps in early South Australian flocks.

PMID- 1101876
TI  - Social olfaction: a review of the ontogeny of olfactory influences on vertebrate
      behavior.

PMID- 1101877
TI  - The ventromedial hypothalamus and the control of avoidance behavior and
      aggression: fear hypothesis versus response-suppression theory of limbic system
      function.

PMID- 1101878
TI  - Guther Beneke.

PMID- 1101879
TI  - The situation of american pathology 1975--education problems yesterday, today and
      tomorrow.

PMID- 1101880
TI  - [Comparative serological studies on Escherichia coli strains of O group 117 from
      calves].

PMID- 1101881
TI  - Lung and heart water accumulation associated with hemodilution.

PMID- 1101882
TI  - Moderate preoperative hemodilution, mortality and thrombus formation in general
      surgery.

PMID- 1101883
TI  - Presidential address: First European Congress on Thermography.

PMID- 1101884
TI  - Circadian changes in the temperature of human beings.
AB  - Temperature in man measured or recorded by different means, is not constant but
      varies in a predictable and rhythmic fashion. Circadian (about 24-hour) rhythms
      have been demonstrated and studied in healthy men and women as well as in
      patients under a wide variety of experimental conditions and diseases. With the
      help of special computer programs (Halberg's cosinor) inferential statistical
      analyses can be performed. There validate and characterize a biological rhythm
      (i.e., core temperature) by several parameters: the period (tau) the acrophase
      (phi) (timing of the peak), the amplitude (A) and the rhythm-adjusted mean (M).
      Each one of these parameters is given with its confidence limits when the studied
      rhythm is detectable (p less than 0.05). The human temperature (oral, rectal and
      skin) circadian rhythm has been validated and quantified in healthy newborns, in
      healthy adults on various diets (including near-fasting conditions: 220 cal/24h,
      casein) and various type of activities. Food intake does not appear to influence
      the temperature circadian rhythm. The rhythm persists with a change of period
      and/or acrophase during isolation underground, without time dues or clues. Its
      acrophase can be shifted by manipulating synchronizing factors (i.e., shift
      working, transmeridian flight). Alteration of circadian temperature rhythm may
      result from the timed administration of certain drugs (i.e. reserpine) and from
      certain chronic diseases (without overt fever). A first attempt to use both
      thermography and chronobiological method has been made independantly by Gautherie
      et al [40] and Smolensky [41] in the prediction of therapeutic value of a given
      modality during the course of breast cancer treatment.

PMID- 1101885
TI  - Comparative studies on subacute sclerosing panencephalitis virus and a usual
      measles virus with special reference to their capacities to produce viral
      hemagglutinin in Vero cells.
AB  - Various comparative studies were made on the capacities of a cell-associated
      subacute sclerosing panencephalitis agent (SSPE agent, Niigata/1 strain) and a
      usual measles virus (Toyoshima strain) to produce measles virus hemagglutinin (MV
      HAnim) in Vero cells. The results obtained by various methods, such as the
      hemagglutination test (HA), hemadsorption test (HAd), antibody blocking test,
      antibody inducing test and fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) using
      monospecific antibody to MV-HAnin, consistently suggested that the SSPE agent was
      an incomplete measles-like virus having little if any MV-HAnin, but sharing
      immunologically closely related viral components other than MV-HAnin with those
      of the usual measles virus. The significance of these findings is discussed with
      respects to the latency of the SSPE agent.

PMID- 1101886
TI  - Fractionation of chick oviduct chromatin: IV. Association of protein kinase with
      transcriptionally active chromatin.

PMID- 1101887
TI  - Phosphorylated guanosine derivatives of eukaryotes: regulation of DNA-dependent
      RNA polymerases I, II, and III in fungal development.

PMID- 1101888
TI  - Mutagenicity of metronidazole: activation by mammalian liver microsomes.

PMID- 1101889
TI  - Temperature dependence for physical and functional reconstitution of 30S
      ribosomes of E. coli.

PMID- 1101890
TI  - Evidence for a cryptic RNA polymerase activity in DNA-free minicells of
      Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1101891
TI  - Mutagenicity of non-K-region diols and diol-epoxides of benz(a)anthracene and
      benzo(a)pyrene in S. typhimurium TA 100.

PMID- 1101892
TI  - Effect of phosphate on multiple forms of Escherechia coli alkaline phosphatase.

PMID- 1101893
TI  - Purification and properties of the clotting enzyme from Limulus lysate.

PMID- 1101894
TI  - Microheterogeneity of the inner core region of yeast manno-protein.

PMID- 1101895
TI  - Amino acid sequences of two sulfhydryl-containing tryptic peptides of the
      polypeptide chain elongation factor Tu.

PMID- 1101896
TI  - Amino acid sequence around a reactive cysteine of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase.

PMID- 1101897
TI  - [The influence on pedicle flap blood supply and necrosis rate of plastic
      displacement with pentoxifylline and dextran 40].
AB  - Using a standardized procedure we have experimented on rats in order to examine
      the rate of necrosis in pedicle flaps in conjunction with 3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxo
      hexyl)-xanthine (pentoxifyline, Trental) and dextran 40. Compared with the
      control group and that treated with dextran 40 the group treated with Trental
      showed significant decrease in necroses. The influence of drugs on blood supply
      demonstrated in this srudy as being significant is discussed.

PMID- 1101898
TI  - [The effect of oxyfedrine on cardiac performance in coronary patients. Tests
      using electrocardiographic and metabolic parameters in atrial stimulation].
AB  - In 17 patients with coronary heart disease the effects of the beta-active agent L
      3-(beta-hydroxy-alpha-methyl-phenethyl-amino)-3'-methoxy-propiophenone
      (oxyfedrine, Ildamen) were proved at rest and during atrial pacing by
      measurements of coronary venous O2-saturation, myocardial lactate extraction,
      angina threshold and ST-segment depression. In 88% oxyfedrine had antianginal
      effectivity with rise in angina threshold (+11%), reduction of ST-segment
      depression (--48%) and reduction of lactate production(--63%). The rise in
      coronary venous O2-saturation ("35%) and the electrocardiographic and metabolic
      reduction of hypoxic reaction indicate the improvement of nutritional coronary
      flow. Therefore improvement of myocardial O2-balance is derived from the reduced
      energy requirement by decrease of heart size and ventricular wall tension and the
      rise of myocardial O2-supply by coronary dilation in spite of the increased
      energy requirement by ascending contractility. Conclusively the application of
      oxyfedrine is preferred in coronary heart disease with simultaneous congestive
      heart failure.

PMID- 1101899
TI  - [The 80th birthday of Prof. Dr. K. H. Slotta].

PMID- 1101900
TI  - Toxicological and clinical aspects of cyanide metabolism.
AB  - This contribution deals with the occurrence of cyanide and its biological
      pathways in the body. Especially possibilities of detoxification are pointed out.
      Intoxications are caused by acute and chronical cyanide uptake. Tobacco
      amblyopia, retrobulbar neuritis in pernicious anaemia, Leber's optic atrophy,
      Nigerian nutritional neuropathy, and sterility in female heavy smokers are
      attributed to cyanide intoxication. Various methods for treating acute and
      chronic cyanide intoxication are discussed.

PMID- 1101901
TI  - A new isoniazid preparation designed for moderately fast and "fast" metabolizers
      of the drug.
AB  - The bioavailability of a new isoniazid preparation consisting of 37% ordinary
      isoniazid (INH) and 63% matrix component was investigated in 11 slow, 8
      moderately fast, and 9 "fast" acetylators of the drug. Initially, a 15 mg/kg dose
      of normal INH was administered to all the participants. In addition, the two
      groups of fast metabolizers received 30 and 45 mg INH-matrix/kg, respectively,
      with a one-week interval between the test doses. These high dosages of the INH
      matrix could be given without encountering toxic reactions because of the delayed
      absorption of the matrix formulation. In moderately fast acetylators, with a
      triple dose of matrix isoniazid, it was possible to mimic the blood levels
      produced by 15 mg ordinary INH/kg in slow inactivators. However, in "fast"
      acetylators the blood concentrations achieved with the 45 mg/kg dose of INH
      matrix were somewhat lower. This study also showed that a large input rate is
      essential to procure the required, high blood levels in fast metabolizers. The
      therapeutic implications of the results of this bioavailability trial are
      discussed.

PMID- 1101902
TI  - An X-ray study on the acute action of diphenoxylate on the intestinal motility in
      volunteers.
AB  - The intestinal inhibitory activity of 1-(3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl)-4-phenyl-4
      piperidine-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (diphenoxylate) after a single oral dose
      of 5 mg was studied in 10 volunteers with X-ray diagnostic methods. The
      diphenoxylate treatment lengthened the transit time of the barium sulphate to
      caecum from 3.2 to 4.3 h. The X-ray cinematography showed the slower duodenal
      emptying in 5/10 of the subjects, but only in 1 of these the velocity of the
      peristaltic wave was clearly decreased. The results demonstrate directly the
      acute inhibitory action of diphenoxylate on intestinal motility with the dose
      used generally 3--4 times daily for the symptomatic treatment of diarrhoea.

PMID- 1101903
TI  - A double-blind clinical study on long-term use of oxyphenbutazone and tolfenamic
      acid in connection with telecobalt therapy.
AB  - Thirty-one patients who suffered from various cancers in the pelvic region were
      treated in a double-blind clinical long-term study either with placebo, N-(2
      methyl-3-chlorophenyl)-anthranilic acid (tolfenamic acid, Clotam) or
      oxyphenbutazone in order to diminish the local reactions after telecobalt
      therapy. The results were difficult to judge and no clear differences were seen
      between the groups. The side-effects were slight and unspecific, except
      gastrointestinal distresses, which occurred with both tolfenamic acid and
      oxyphenbutazone, but were more severe with the latter. No significant changes
      were seen in the blood counts, liver or kidney function tests with tolfenamic
      acid. In the oxyphenbutazone group S-ALAT, S-AFOS and direct bilirubin were
      slightly elevated. Blood in feces was more frequent in the drug-treated than in
      the placebo group. In the light of the present and earlier studies tolfenamic
      acid appears to cause less side-effects than oxyphenbutazone in prolonged
      treatment.

PMID- 1101904
TI  - Effect of two weeks' treatment with chlordiazepoxide or flupenthixole, alone or
      in combination with alcohol, on psychomotor skills related to driving.
AB  - The effects of two weeks' treatment with chlordiazepoxide 10 mg t.i.d. or
      flupenthixole 0.5 mg t.i.d. on human psychomotor performance related to driving
      was examined on 20 healthy male students aged 20 to 23 years. The tests used were
      a choice reaction, two co-ordination and an attention test having correlation
      with traffic behaviour. Neither chlordiazepoxide nor flupenthixole impaired
      psychomotor performance on the 7th or 14th days of the experiment. The
      combination of either drug with 0.5 g/kg of alcohol impaired co-ordination and
      attention to an extent which can be considered dangerous for traffic and
      occupational life. Their interaction with alcohol was not so strong as that
      between diazepam and alcohol. The combination of chlordiazepoxide with alcohol
      tended to increase the anxiety of the normal subjects.

PMID- 1101905
TI  - [Biochemical action mechanisms and pharmacokinetics of psychoactive drugs].
AB  - A short review is given on the effects of antidepressant drugs (tricyclic
      thymoleptics and MAO inhibitors), neuroleptics and lithium salts on catecholamine
      and serotonin metabolisms in brain. The second part deals with some
      pharmacokinetic investigations with these psychotropic drugs. In connection with
      tricyclic thymoleptics some factors influencing steady-state plasma concentration
      and their relation to the therapeutic effect are discussed. Furthermore, recent
      investigations into the pharmacokinetics of lithium salts are dealt with.

PMID- 1101906
TI  - [Data acquisition in clinical trials].
AB  - Methods of data acquisition in clinical trials are reviewed and their advantages
      and disadvantages are discussed. To avoid the effort of multiple data acquisition
      and to eliminate possible transcription errors the data of the patients should be
      collected and stored in a data bank only once also in case of a drug study. From
      the data bank the results can be used for the different clinical purposes as well
      as for the statistical evaluation when testing drugs.

PMID- 1101907
TI  - [Comparison of the effects of niflumic acid and aloxiprin in patients with
      progressive chronic rheumatoid arthritis in a double blind trial].
AB  - The effects of niflumic acid (trifluoro-methyl-3-phenylamino-2-nicotinic acid)
      and of aloxiprin (aluminium acetyl-salicylate) in patients with rheumatoid
      arthritis were compared in a double-blind cross-over trial. Check-up examinations
      prior to the institution and after the termination of the therapy, as well as
      after individual treatment periods of two weeks with alternating sequential
      administration of the two drugs, were carried out with a standardized method. The
      assessment included subjective (pain intensity) and objective criteria
      (Lansbury's index), as well as laboratory results (erythrocyte sedimentation
      rate, uricaemia). With the exception of the articular index disclosing a superior
      effect of niflumic acid, the other criteria showed no statistically significant
      differences between the effects of the two drugs.

PMID- 1101908
TI  - [Studies on the influence of pentosanepolysulfate and a combination of
      pentosanepolysulfate, metamizol and paracetamol on inflammatory liability
      (author's transl)].
AB  - The influence of pentosanepolysulfate (SP 54) and a combination of
      pentosanepolysulfate, metamizol and paracetamol (Probaphen) on the course of an
      experimentally induced erythema caused by intracutaneous injection of a
      lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas has been studied in man. The intramuscular
      injection of Probaphen as well as SP 54, separately given, showed a significant
      antiinflammatory effect. A similar effect was also achieved after administration
      of Probaphen suppositories. Probaphen shortened the inflammatory reaction more
      effectively than did SP 54 alone. The oral application of Probaphen, however, did
      not influence the course of inflammation.

PMID- 1101909
TI  - [Comparative studies on wholebody retention of iron(II)-sulfate and a combination
      of iron(II)-sulfate and DL-serine].
AB  - The wholebody retention of an 59iron-sulphate-DL-serin combination (group B) was
      compared to that of 59iron-sulphate in healthy female volunteers. Mean 59Fe
      retention of group B(n = 9) was found to be 40% higher than that of group A(n =
      10); however, this difference was mathematically statistically not significant-
      especially because of the high standard deviation of group B.

PMID- 1101910
TI  - Are hormones psychoactive? Evoked potential investigations in man.
AB  - The somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) of physically and mentally healthy male
      subjects was recorded before as well as 4 hours after administration of one
      single dose of placebo, cyproterone acetate (an antiandrogen), and mesterolone
      (an androgen). Quantitative evaluation of drug-induced changes in SEP latencies
      and amplitudes, which, when plotted in terms of t-values, result in the so-called
      "SEP profiles", did not demonstrate any significant alterations after placebo.
      Contrary to this, cyproterone acetate induced systematic and significant changes
      characterized by a latency increase in the early peaks and latency decrease in
      the late peaks of the SEP. Apart from the non-significant amplitude changes, such
      alterations were previously described by us as typical for drugs of the
      anxiolytic class. Mesterolone on the other hand, produced a significant latency
      decrease in the early part and a latency increase in the late part of the evoked
      response which was found to be typical for the SEP profiles of tricyclic
      antidepressants. The amplitude did not show any systematic changes. Based on step
      wise discriminant analysis of these data we could significantly differentiate
      both hormones from placebo as well as from each other. A comparative analysis of
      low and high doses did not yield any significant differences between the two
      levels. It was concluded that both test substances have psychoactive properties;
      whereas cyproterone acetate reveals anxiolytic qualities, mesterolone exhibits
      antidepressant ones. These findings are discussed from the clinical as well as
      from the neurophysiological point of view.

PMID- 1101911
TI  - Unusual dental conditions in archaeological material. (2) Large periodontal
      pockets in a mediaeval skull.

PMID- 1101912
TI  - Gerald Leatherman retires.

PMID- 1101913
TI  - Neil Livingstone Ward, D.D.S., F.R.A.C.D.S., L.D.S.

PMID- 1101914
TI  - New approaches to the classification of the lymphomata.
AB  - Our recently proposed functional approach to and classification of the malignant
      lymphomata based upon the T and B cell systems, lymphocyte transformation and
      their development as blocks or a "switch on" in lymphocyte transformation has
      been reviewed. This functional classification contains 5 major groups: (a) U cell
      or undefined for those proliferations without specific markers; (b) T cell; (c) B
      cell; (d) histiocytes as macrophages; (e) unclassifiable for those technically
      insufficient for specific cytological classification. Retrospective study of
      several case populations indicates that the majority of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata
      exhibit features of follicular centre cell (FCC) lymphomata of either cleaved or
      non-cleaved types. The prognostically favourable status of nodular lymphomata
      seems to result from the retained capability of follicle formation by FCC types
      with limited abnormality. Lymphomata of large cell types previously classified as
      histiocytic lymphoma or reticulum cell sarcoma predominantly resemble transformed
      lymphocytes and rarely exhibit features of histiocytes as macrophages. They are
      designated "immunoblastic sarcoma" when they occur as large transformed
      lymphocytes and may have either T or B cell immunological markers. Immunoblastic
      sarcoma has been observed to develop in individuals with chronic abnormal immune
      states, Sjogren's syndrome, alpha chain disease, in patients on immunosuppression
      therapy for graft rejection and in senescence. There is accumulating evidence of
      lymphomata of T cells but none are firmly established. These include Sezary's
      syndrome, mycosis fungoides and the convoluted lymphocyte type, prev-ously
      included designated as acute lymphocytic leukaemia with mediatinal mass. The
      results of initial functional studies provide support for the proposed
      classification and indicate that the modern pathological investigative approach
      requires the collection of fresh lymphomatous tissue and an integrated
      immunocytochemical and morphological approach for the precise characterization of
      human lymphoma cell types.

PMID- 1101915
TI  - Antigenic analysis of the lymphomata.
AB  - Soluble protein extracts of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata are fractionated by
      Sepharose chromatography. Each protein segregate is tested as a target antigen in
      immunoelectrophoresis using antiserum prepared by immunization with each fraction
      and an F and S antiserum of Hodgkin's tumour. F and S antigens are prominent in a
      histiocytic lymphoma with lymphoid infiltrate and Hodgkin's disease. A
      monospecific F antiserum is used to determine the stromal distribution of the
      antigen by immunofluorescence in tumour infiltrates and also to demonstrate F
      antigen activity in the medulla of the adolescent thymus. Implications of these
      findings are discussed and a general plan for analysis of the lymphomata
      outlined.

PMID- 1101916
TI  - Kinetic studies of circulating lymphocytes in malignant lymphatic disease using
      the impulse cytophotometer.
AB  - Measurements of the DNA content of mononuclear cells in the blood of patients
      with malignant lymphatic disease were made. In one case of acute lymphoblastic
      leukaemia, a large fraction of large type of blasts were in S phase. In the blood
      of a patient with leukaemic transformation of lymphosarcoma, a population of
      aneuploid tumour cells with a high percentage of cells in S phase was recognized.
      The increase of DNA synthesizing cells in the blood of patients with malignant
      lymphoma was associated with activity of the disease. The fraction of DNA
      synthesizing cells was raised sharply during chemotherapy.

PMID- 1101917
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphomata: clinical and immunological data in relation to
      histology.
AB  - Two hundred and forty-four previously untreated patients seen since 1964 in the
      department of haematology at Saint-Louis hospital were analysed. Clinical data
      included results of initial work-up and prognosis evaluated by survival rate
      matched with principal variables: age, sex, histopathology, staging, incidence of
      clinical and biological systemic symptoms. Immunological data included results of
      systematic studies made in each category of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata.
      Hyperbasophilic lymphoma, a special group recently characterized, is discussed.

PMID- 1101918
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphomata: clinical features in relation to histology.
AB  - An analysis is given of the clinico-pathological correlations of non-Hodgkin's
      lymphomata in 332 patients referred to the Netherlands Cancer Institute in
      Amsterdam and the Rotterdam Radiotherapy Institute. Clinical staging proved to be
      an important prognostic index. In Stage I the 5 year survival was 55%, in Stage
      II 25% and in Stages III and IV less than 10%. The presence of follicular
      structures in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata has similarly an important prognostic
      significance especially in Stage I and II. In lymphocytic lymphomata a larger
      cell size is correlated with less favourable prognosis. The presence of
      macrophages in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata is found in patients with short survival.
      The histiocytic lymphomata have a different survival pattern from the lymphocytic
      lymphomata in Stages I and II.

PMID- 1101919
TI  - A clinicopathological study of stages I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphomata using the
      Lukes-Collins classification.
AB  - A series of 226 patients with Stages I and II non-Hodgkin's lymphomata, treated
      with intensive irradiation to the involved regions, were studied using the Lukes
      Collins classification. A statistically significant difference was found in the
      length of survival of patients with the follicular and the diffuse types of
      lymphoma. A difference in survival was also observed among those with the 3
      subtypes of follicular lymphomata. The extent to which the follicular pattern
      could be recognized and whether or not lymphoma cells were confined to the
      follicular structures likewise had a bearing upon the survival of patients with
      follicular lymphomata. In this series, no significant difference in survival was
      found between the histological types of diffuse lymphoma. The relationship of the
      methods of staging to survival in this series, and the findings at staging
      laparotomy in other series suggest that the lymphangiogram is less valuable for
      detecting intra-abdominal disease in the non-Hodgkin's lymphomata than in
      Hodgkin's disease, probably because of the high incidence of involvement of
      mesenteric lymph nodes in the non-Hodgkin's lymphomata.

PMID- 1101920
TI  - Staging laparotomy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - In 57 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a clinical, radiographic,
      scintigraphic and pathological correlative study showed the following results:
      (1) the inferior venacavagram, lymphangiogram and gallium-67 scan have a low
      sensitivity in detecting lymphoma: their accuracy is high when the findings are
      interpreted as abnormal (93%, 83% and 80% respectively), but low when they are
      interpreted as normal (47%, 67% and 58% respectively); (2) the clinical
      evaluation of spleen and liver is unreliable; (3) the incidence of lymphocytic
      lymphoma in the para-aortic-iliac nodes is high; (4) a pattern of involvement by
      contiguity and a predilection for the spleen were observed in lymphocytic
      lymphoma; (5) in lymphocytic lymphoma there is no liver involve without
      concomitant splenic involvement; (6) no definite pattern of spread could be seen
      in histiocytic lymphoma; (7) surgical staging changed the classification of the
      lymphoma in 56% of cases, 46% being reclassified to a more advanced stage; (8)
      surgical staging significantly improves the assessment of the stage of disease
      and therefore permits accurate treatment planning.

PMID- 1101921
TI  - Staging laparotomy in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata.
AB  - Staging laparotomy was performed in 106 selected untreated adults and in 6
      children. In adults the histological pattern at initial biopsy was interpreted as
      nodular lymphoma in 33% and as diffuse lymphoma in 67%. Diffuse histiocytic was
      the most frequently observed histological subtype in the present series (54%).
      Diffuse undifferentiated lymphoma was noted in 2/6 children. Waldeyer's ring
      involvement was noted in 27% of adult patients. Systemic symptoms were present in
      7%. Surgery detected occult lesions in 27% of patients (para-aortic nodes 3%,
      spleen 12%, liver 12%, coeliac nodes 15%, splenic hilar nodes 26%, mesenteric
      nodes 15%, gastrointestinal tract 1%, bone marrow 12%). The chance of detecting
      splenic and hepatic involvement was definitely higher in patients with nodal
      disease above and below the diaphragm in comparison with those with either supra
      diaphragmatic or infra-diaphragmatic adenopathy. Lymphography yielded a 96%
      accuracy proving once more to be a sufficiently reliable diagnostic method.
      Staging laparotomy is a useful procedure in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata in order to
      gain information on the natural history and to plan treatment. It remains to be
      determined whether findings observed through surgical staging will lead to
      improved treatment and survival.

PMID- 1101922
TI  - Spread according to histology in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata.
AB  - The spread of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata was investigated in a group of 323 cases.
      Differences were sought between 4 histological groups: lymphocytic vs histiocytic
      lymphomata and diffuse vs follicular types. Histiocytic and follicular types were
      rare in childhood. Histiocytic lymphomata, compared with lymphocytic ones, were
      more often confined to sites above the diaphragm. They exhibited a higher rate of
      loco-regional recurrences within the first 3 months and also of late recurrence
      after 4 years. Lymphocytic lymphomata of the follicular type more commonly
      presented with nodal involvement below the diaphragm as primary or secondary site
      than the diffuse form. Follicular types of lymphoma compared with diffuse types,
      occurred more frequently in women. They were more seldom seen as primary or
      secondary sites in extranodal localizations. They had a smaller chance of late
      disease recurrence and were associated with a longer survival time after first
      recurrence. The mediastinum often remained clinically uninvolved. With regard to
      this mediastinal "skip" no differences were found between the histological
      groups.

PMID- 1101923
TI  - The natural history of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata stages I and II.
AB  - Progress in the management of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata has been impeded by lack
      of information on the natural history of these diseases. Confusion about the
      significance of histopathology, extranodal presentations and routes of spread
      renders much of previously published data relatively uninterpretable. To evaluate
      the relative prognostic significance of presentation, histopathology and
      lymphography, a retrospective study was undertaken on 226 patients with Stage I
      and II disease, who were treated with intensive irradiation to the involve
      regions. The slides on these patients were reviewed and reclassified in terms of
      the Rappaport system. The results of this study demonstrated that a nodular
      histopathological pattern was the most important prognostic factor. The
      significance of this finding and other factors are discussed in terms of possible
      new approaches to treatment.

PMID- 1101924
TI  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children.
AB  - The clinical and pathological features of 64 children with non-Hodgkin's
      malignant lymphoma seen between April 1962 and June 1973 are described. Forty-one
      children had diffuse, undifferentiated, non-Burkitt lymphoma (lymphoblastic
      lymphoma). They tended to be boys under 10 years of age and their median survival
      was 1 year. Almost one-third are surviving for 1-11 years, most in initial
      complete remission. Nineteen children had diffuse, poorly differentiated,
      histiocytic lymphoma. They tended to be boys more than 10 years of age, their
      median survival was only 6 months, and only the 3 patients with Stage I
      peripheral node tumour survived. Two children had nodular, lymphocytic, poorly
      differentiated lymphoma and 2 had lymphoma resembling the Burkitt type. From our
      clinical and pathological observations, we conclude that non-Hodgkin's malignant
      lymphomata in children cannot be separated from the acute lymphocytic,
      histiocytic and unclassified leukaemias by cytological or histological methods.
      What is called diffuse, undifferentiated, non-Burkitt type, or lymphoblastic
      lymphoma is actually acute lymphocytic leukaemia without apparent invasion of
      marrow and peripheral blood by neoplastic lymphocytes at time of diagnosis. What
      is termed diffuse, histiocytic lymphoma is acute histiocytic leukaemia without
      apparent infiltration of marrow and peripheral blood at initial presentation. One
      could say just as well that acute lymphocytic leukaemia is Stage IV lymphoblastic
      lymphoma and that acute histiocytic leukaemia is Stage IV histiocytic lymphoma.
      Further classification of lymphocytic and histiocytic cancers by newer
      functional, chemical and morphological methods should include both what is called
      lymphocytic or histiocytic leukaemia and what is called non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as
      one group of diseases, susceptible to subclassification by the new methods. We
      recommend that Stage I lymphocytic and histiocytic cancers be treated with local
      irradiation. Patients with Stages II-IV tumours should receive anti-leukaemic
      forms of therapy including prolonged multiple agent chemotherapy and preventive
      central nervous system irradiation. Staging laparotomy should be considered in
      patients with Stage I tumour in low cervical, axillary and inguinal nodes.

PMID- 1101925
TI  - Natural history of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomata in children. A
      retrospective study of 190 cases.

PMID- 1101926
TI  - A clinico-pathological study of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata in childhood.
AB  - In a series of 27 children with non-Hodgkin's lymphomata during a 29-year period
      there were 21 boys and 6 girls. Thirteen had lymphocytic lymphoma, 9 histiocytic
      and 5 lymphoma with a prominent starry-sky appearance. All but one had diffuse
      lymphoma and no case of mixed cell type lymphoma was seen. Patients with
      lymphocytic lymphoma had extralymphatic manifestations more often than patients
      with the other types, and leukaemic transformation, which was seen in 6 patients,
      was especially common in lymphocytic lymphoma. Patients with Burkitt-type tumours
      did not respond well to radiation therapy with conventional fractionation. The
      survival in the present series was very poor, only 3 out of 27 children still
      being alive. A more aggressive therapeutic approach, guided by a differentiated
      microscopic classification and appropriate staging procedures, may be expected to
      give better results.

PMID- 1101927
TI  - The place of radiotherapy in the control of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata.

PMID- 1101928
TI  - Results of radiotherapy in stages I and II of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

PMID- 1101929
TI  - Prognostic significance of primary site after radiotherapy in non-Hodgkin's
      lymphomata.
AB  - In contrast to Hodgkin's lymphomata, non-Hodgkin's lymphomata originate in
      approximately a fourth of the cases in extranodal organs and sites. The prognosis
      of patients with primary extranodal organ involvement of the non-Hodgkin's
      lymphomata is similar to that of patients with primary lumph node involvement of
      the Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomata, dependent on the special spreading of
      the disease corresponding to the 4 stages of the Ann Arbor classification. This
      applies to the primary involvement of a single lymph node region (Stage I) or a
      single extralymphatic organ or site (stage IE) as well as to further stages of
      spreading within the lymphatic system (Stages II and III) including secondary
      localized involvement of an extralymphatic organ and site (Stages IIE and IIIE).
      The same qualitative dependence of the prognosis of Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's
      lymphomata on the spatial spreading, corresponding to the Ann Arbor concept,
      legitimizes, in spite of some quantitative differences, the application of the
      Ann Arbor classification system to all malignant lymphomata.

PMID- 1101930
TI  - Sclerosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphomata.
AB  - A total of 242 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising primarily in lymph nodes
      are reported. Lymph nodes have been classified histologically and the incidence
      of sclerosis in each group assessed. Two types of fibrosis were found, one
      composed of fibrous bands from 10 mum to several hundred mum thick within the
      node and invaded perinodal tissue. The other type was a fine compartmentalizing
      fibrosis sometimes simulating the pattern of metastatic carcinoma in part of a
      node, the rest of the node being typical of malignant lymphoma. Both types of
      fibrosis were present in some nodes. Fibrous bands were present in all
      histological types, with the exception of the diffuse lymphocytic well
      differentiated group. Fine compartmentalizing fibrosis was seen only in
      association with areas of undifferentiated large celled lymphoma. The presence of
      sclerosis is shown to correlate with a better prognosis when compared with non
      sclerosing tymours of similar histological type. That sclerosing lymphomata are
      more slowly progressive is borne out by the fact that two-thirds of the patients
      with sclerotic nodes presented with localized disease compared with less than
      half of the patients whose nodes showed no sclerosis.

PMID- 1101931
TI  - Clinical trials in the non-Hodgkin's lymphomata at Stanford University
      experimental design and preliminary results.
AB  - Preliminary results of controlled clinical trials in 127 patients with non
      Hodgkin's lymphomata are reported. The rationale for identifying 7 study groups
      is presented. Treatment programmes which are being studied vary from involved
      field irradiation to the most aggressive treatment tolerable. The early results
      suggest that patients with both favourable and unfavourable histologies but of
      limited extent can be controlled with irradiation. Patients with advanced disease
      but with favourable histological subgroups are doing as well with a conservative
      drug programme as with 2 aggressive treatment regimens. These controlled studies
      and those of others, facilitated by the use of the Rappaport classification and
      laparotomy staging, give promise of clarifying and improving the management of
      patients with these lymphomata.

PMID- 1101932
TI  - Results of combination chemotherapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
AB  - The analysis of the results of CVP and MOPP chemotherapy in 80 patients with
      advanced stages of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma shows that 36 achieved a complete
      remission. Twenty-five percent of all patients remain free of disease for periods
      ranging from 4 months to over 7 years, with a projected median duration of
      complete remissions of 3 1/2 years. Well differentiated and nodular histology
      were positive determinants for survival, confirming the overall clinical validity
      of the Rappaport classification system for the non-Hodgkin's lymphomata. However,
      it has been demonstrated that it is possible to achieve a complete remission
      using combination chemotherapy even in the most clinically aggressive
      histological subgroups, and that these responses can be correlated with an
      extended survival. An analysis of patterns of relapse from complete remission in
      patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with combination chemotherapy has
      demonstrated differences between histological subgroups. Patients with diffuse
      histiocytic lymphoma who achieved a complete remission after 6 months of
      treatment without maintenance have remained disease-free, whereas those with
      nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic and diffuse well differentiated
      lymphocytic lymphomata demonstrate a pattern of continuous late recurrence. The
      initial sites of relapse from complete remission in lymphocytic lymphoma were
      lymph nodes and bone marrow which were involved before treatment.

PMID- 1101933
TI  - Therapy of advanced lymphocytic lymphoma a preliminary report of a randomized
      trial between combination chemotherapy (CVP) and intensive radiotherapy.
AB  - The initial results of a randomized clinical trial comparing intensive cyclical
      combination chemotherapy (CVP) and total body radiation therapy in the treatment
      of advanced (Stage III and IV) lymphocytic lymphoma is presented. Sixty-five
      patients have been entered and randomized according to stage. Of the chemotherapy
      treated patients, (22/27 (81%) achieved a response with 55% complete responders.
      The radiation group or those treated with radiation 27/32 (84%) responded with
      56% in complete response. There is no significant difference in overall survival
      between the two groups. Nodular lymphoma (44 patients) responds more often and
      has s significantly longer survival than diffuse lymphoma (21 patients).
      Approximately 50% of the complete remitters have relapsed but reinduction of
      disease control was possible in almost all cases.

PMID- 1101934
TI  - The influence of chemotherapy on the management of non-Hodgkin's lymphomata at
      the Princess Margaret Hospital. A comparison of the results from 1962-64 with
      1967-69.
AB  - A retrospective study of 460 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients seen in 1962-64
      (185) and 1967-69 (275) revealed a marked improvement in the survival of patients
      treated during the later interval. The increased survival was not due to
      differences in the age or sex distribution of patients, the proportions with
      systemic symptoms or extranodal presentations. The improvement was due partially
      to a disproportionate increase in the number of patients with well- and
      intermediately differentiated nodular lymphocytic lymphomata in 1967-69. When
      these patients  were removed, the proportions of patients with "good" and "poor"
      pathology were comparable for the two intervals, and a markedly improved survival
      was still evident for the 1967-69 group. An improvement in the proportion of
      patients achieving a complete remission occurred only in patients who received
      some form of chemotherapy. Relapses occurred in 44.6% of patients with Stage I
      and II disease treated with radiotherapy alone. The results of this study
      indicate that we must re-evaluate carefully the indications for radiotherapy in
      the treatment of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomata. The addition of chemotherapy
      appears to be a promising method for increasing the proportion of patients who
      will achieve a long complete remission.

PMID- 1101935
TI  - Cytology in the classification of diffuse non-leukaemic malignant lymphomata
      (lympho- and reticulosarcomata).
AB  - Cytological examination of smears or imprints of diffuse non-leukaemic lymphomata
      gives more details of the morphological aspects of the cells than does
      histological examination. It enables us to distinguish (a) prolymphocytic (but
      not lymphocytic), (b) lymphoblastic or lymphoblastoid and immunoblastic
      lymphosarcomata. It helps to diagnose so-called reticulosarcomata from
      carcinomata and to distinguish two types: (a) cytic and (b) blastic, but it makes
      us suspicious about the nature of the latter. Light microscopy shows the cells of
      the blastic type resemble transformed lymphocytes (immunoblasts) more than
      reticulum cells. Electron microscopy shows many polyribosomes, which enhances the
      suspicion that some so-called "reticulosarcomata" could be immunoblastic
      lymphosarcomata.

PMID- 1101936
TI  - Follicular lymphoma: A survey of 75 cases with special reference to the syndrome
      resembling chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.
AB  - In a series of 75 cases of follicular lymphoma collected between 1950 and 1971
      the following features were singled out as characteristic of, or specially
      frequent in, follicular lymphoma: (1) the high incidence in females; (2) the long
      history of symptomless lymph node enlargement; (3) the frequent presence of
      extensive symptomless disease at presentation, especially in patients below 40
      years of age; (4) the syndrome resembling and often confused with chronic
      lymphocytic leukaemia, in which the notched nucleus cell, when present, is
      diagnostic; (5) the responsiveness of extensive disease to radiotherapy and
      alkylating agents at low dosage; (6) the long overall survival and the long
      survival after relapse; (7) the occurrence of abrupt change in the character of
      the disease in which, during a period of apparent quiescence, malignant
      transformation supervenes proving rapidly fatal. In the transformed stage the
      disease behaves as an invasive metastasizing sarcoma or as a blast cell
      leukaemia; in both cases the transformation is associated with the appearance of
      a new cell type, undifferentiated and distinct from that present before onset of
      transformation, which may however persist. The syndrome resembling chronic
      lymphocytic leukaemia occurs only in follicular lymphoma.

PMID- 1101937
TI  - Electron microscopy in the non-Hodgkin's lymphomata.
AB  - The component cells of peripheral lymphoid tissue have been divided into the
      lymphocyte and plasma cell lines, mononuclear phagocytic cells, dendritic
      "reticular cells", the reticular (supporting) cells and endothelial cells, and it
      is suggested that this system of cells should collectively be referred to as the
      lymphoreticular monoclear phagocyte system or LRMPS. Seventeen tumours of the
      LRMPS (excluding Hodgkin's disease) have been studied at ultrastructural level.
      Of these 17 non-Hodgkin lymphomata 5 were follicular lymphomata and 12 diffuse.
      It is concluded that electron microscopy plays a valuable role in the diagnosis
      of this group of tumours. Not only does it allow rejection of a diagnosis of
      lymphoma in certain anaplastic tumours, but it also enables a more precise
      identification of the cellular components of a lymphoma as well as indicating the
      degree of differentiation of the cell line involved. Additional advantages are
      the visualization of subcellular structures useful as markers, and by means of
      specialized immunoelectron microscopic techniques the identification of antigens
      and antibody formation within a given tumour. Two other results of this
      ultrastructural study are the indication that the dendritic cells of lymphoid
      follicles are derived from capillary endothelium, and the identification of
      certain anomalous formations derived from rough endoplasmic reticulum in the case
      of tumours showing plasmacytoid differentiation.

PMID- 1101938
TI  - Leukaemic conversion of non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphomata.
AB  - In 143 patients with poorly differentiated lymphosarcoma, leukaemic conversion
      has been observed in 25. The cytological type was prolymphocytic or lymphoblastic
      or lymphoblastoid (immunoblastic ?). Twenty-five patients were treated with chemo
      radiotherapy, followed by active immunotherapy as if they had primary acute
      lymphoid leukaemia. A complete remission was obtained in 11. Four are still in
      first complete remission after 4 1/2 years. Among 136 patients suffering from so
      called "poorly differentiated reticulosarcoma", 17 became leukaemic. The cells
      are cytologically very dystrophic and unidentifiable. A remission was obtained in
      7 patients but it was of short duration (median 1 1/2 months, longest 7 months).

PMID- 1101939
TI  - Humoral and cellular immunity in atopic eczema.
AB  - Parameters of humoral and cellular immunity were measured in thirty-five patients
      with atopic eczema. The mean serum IgE level was raised but levels of the other
      major immunoglobulin classes were normal. Ten per cent of patients failed to
      respond to tetanus immunization. All patients responded to S. typhi H antigen.
      Fourteen per cent of patients failed to mount delayed hypersensitivity reactions
      to a battery of three intradermal antigens. The phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated
      uptake of 3H thymidine by lymphocytes was normal in the presence of autologous or
      of fetal calf serum, as was the spontaneous lymphocyte uptake. T and B lymphocyte
      numbers in the peripheral blood were normal. These results are similar to those
      found in asthmatic patients and support the hypothesis that, in some patients,
      atopic eczema is associated with an immunodeficiency state.

PMID- 1101940
TI  - Viral warts, herpes simplex and herpes zoster in patients with secondary immune
      deficiencies and neoplasms.
AB  - The incidence of viral warts, recurrent herpes simplex and herpes zoster has been
      assessed in a group of patients with possible secondary immune deficiency states
      and compared to a control group. Patients with cell-mediated immune deficiency
      appear to be more prone to warts and zoster infection as compared to patients
      with humoral immune deficiency. Recurrent herpes simplex infection was not
      increased in either group.

PMID- 1101941
TI  - Lead and the skin.

PMID- 1101942
TI  - Ultrasonic measurement of fetal abdomen circumference in the estimation of fetal
      weight.
AB  - A method of estimating fetal weight by ultrasonic measurement of the fetal
      abdominal circumference is descirbed. Assessment of birth weight predictions on
      140 fetuses who were delivered within 48 hours of this measurement showed that
      the accuracy of predictions varied with the size of the fetus; at a predicted
      weight of 1 kg, 95 per cent of birth weights fell within 160 g, while at 2 kg, 3
      kg and 4 kg the corresponding values were 290 g, 450 g and 590 g respectively.
      Expressed as a percentage of the predicted weight, confidence limits remained
      constant throughout the birth weight range. Extrapolation of these data to
      routine screening of the obstetric population showed that with a single
      measurement at 32 weeks menstrual age, 87 per cent of babies below the 5th
      centile would be detected by this method but that the diagnosis rate would fall
      to 63 per cent at 38 weeks. The false positive diagnosis rate would remain
      constant between 32 and 38 weeks at just over 1 per cent.

PMID- 1101943
TI  - Comparison of intravenous oxytocin and prostaglandin E2 for induction of labour
      using automatic and non-automatic infusion techniques.
AB  - A double blind trial of prostaglandin E2 and oxytocin given by intravenous
      infusion after amniotomy for induction of labour in 100 primigravidae with
      unfavourable induction features is reported. No clear-cut advantage of either
      drug emerged although PGE2 was perhaps superior when the cervix was highly
      unfavourable. Prostaglandin E2 appeared to produce less deleterious effects on
      the fetus but was associated with a higher incidence of maternal side effects.
      The automatic Cardiff Infusion apparatus was found to be a safe means of PGE2
      infusion and to have advantages over the use of non-automatic techniques both for
      PGE2 and for oxytocin infusion.

PMID- 1101944
TI  - The distribution within the placenta, myometrium, and decidua of 24Na-labelled
      hypertonic saline solution following intra-amniotic or extra-amniotic injection.
AB  - 24Na-labelled hypertonic saline solution was injected into the uterus by the
      intra-amniotic or the extra-amniotic route, and six hours later determinations
      were made of the 24Na content of the placenta, myometrium, and decidua. The
      tissue specimens were obtained by subtotal hysterectomy. The activity of 24Na
      proved to be high in the decidua and in the fetal part of the placenta, but low
      in the myometrium. During labour, large amounts of prostaglandins have been found
      in the decidua, but little or none in the placenta. The present findings
      therefore lend further support to the assumption that hypertonic saline solution
      provokes abortion by inducing release of lysosomal phospholipase A2 into the
      cytoplasm of damaged decidual cells, resulting in prostaglandin synthesis and
      liberation.

PMID- 1101945
TI  - A study of the effect of bromocriptine on serum oestradiol, prolactin, and
      follicle stimulating hormone levels in puerperal women.
AB  - Nine normal women were examined in the first 11 days of the puerperium. Serum
      prolactin, oestradiol and follicle simulating hormone (FSH) levels were measured
      and the FSH response to 100 mug of intravenously administered follicle
      stimulating hormone/lutenizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH) was assessed
      on day 1 post partum in five subjects and on days 4 (two subjects), 6 and 7 post
      partum in the other four subjects. Bromocriptine therapy was given to six of
      these women and four to seven days after the start of such therapy, when
      prolactin levels had fallen to normal non-pregnant levels, these women were
      retested. Before bromocriptine treatment, the basal FSH levels were unmeasurable
      in six and low in one other of the nine subjects. After bromocriptine treatment,
      the basal FSH levels were measurable in four out of six patients and were higher
      than in the untreated patients (P less than 0-01). The FSH response to LH/FSH-RH
      was unmeasurable in eight out of nine before treatment, which is less than the
      response seen in 26 normal men and women (P less than 0-01). There was also no
      discernible FSH response to LH/FSH-RH after treatment with bromocriptine. Before
      treatment with bromocriptine, the serum prolactin levels were elevated in all
      nine women but were within the normal range for non-pregnant women after three
      days of bromocriptine therapy. Thus postpartum gonadotrophin suppression seemed
      to depend on high prolactin levels and at least part of the antigonadotrophic
      action of prolactin seemed to be at pituitary level.

PMID- 1101946
TI  - Effect of bromocriptine and chlorotrianisene on inhibition of lactation and serum
      prolactin. A comparative double-blind study.
AB  - A double-blind study to compare the effect of 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine
      (bromocriptine, CB 154, Sandoz) an ergot alkaloid with chlorotrianisene (Tace,
      Mer-National) on the inhibition of postpartum lactation was carried out in 38
      women. At the dosages selected bromocriptine was more effective than
      chlorotrianisene in inhibiting lactation. Furthermore, bromocriptine
      significantly reduced serum prolactin levels to low normal values by the seventh
      day of treatment, whereas chlorotrianisene did not alter the normal progressive
      reduction in prolactin post-partum. Neither drug had significant toxic effects.

PMID- 1101947
TI  - Structure of the modified nucleoside Q isolated from Escherichia coli transfer
      ribonucleic acid. 7-(4,5-cis-Dihydroxy-1-cyclopenten-3-ylaminomethyl)-7
      deazaguanosine.
AB  - The structure of the unknown modified nucleoside Q, which is present in the first
      position of the anticodons of Escherichia coli tRNA Tyr, tRNA His, tRNA Asn, tRNA
      Asp, is proposed to be 7-(4,5-cis-dihydroxy-1-cyclopenten-3-ylaminomethyl)-7
      deazaguanosine (1). The structure of Q was deduced by means of its uv absorption,
      mass spectrometry, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and studies of its
      chemical reactivity. The structure of Q is unique since it is a derivative of 7
      deazaguanosine having cyclopentenediol in the side chain at the C-7 position.
      This is the first example of purine skeleton modification in a nucleoside from
      tRNA.

PMID- 1101948
TI  - Sites of biological methylation of proteins in cultured chick muscle cells.
AB  - The methylation of myosin and other proteins has been studied using primary
      cultures of 12-day-old embryonic chick leg muscle. The methyl group of [Me-3H]
      methionine is incorporated into basic amino acid residues with the formation of
      Nepsilon-monomethyllysine, Nepsilon-dimethyllysine, Nepsilon-trimethyllysine, 3
      methylhistidine, NG-monomethylarginine, and NG-dimethylarginine which are
      isolated from acid hydrolysates of purified myosin, and of proteins from
      polysomes and from the cytosol of the cultured muscle cells. In the presence of
      0.1 mM cycloheximide, incorporation of [Me-3H] methionine into the polysome-bound
      proteins was decreased to 16.3% of control levels with no change in the pattern
      of incorporation into the basic amino acid residues, although protein synthesis
      was inhibited 97.5%. When protein synthesis was allowed to resume in such
      cultures by the removal of cycloheximide, polypeptides containing labeled N
      methylated residues were released from polysomes into the soluble fraction.
      Polypeptides containing N-methylated amino acids were also released from
      polysomes following treatment with 2 mM puromycin. Peptidyl-tRNA, isolated from
      ribosomes after exposure of cultures to [Me-3H] methionine, contained labeled N
      methylated amino acids. When [Me-3H] methionine was incorporated in the presence
      of cycloheximide, the isolated peptidyl-tRNA still contained N-methylated amino
      acids although the amount of methylation was 22.4% of control levels. These
      experiments demonstrate that N-methylation of basic amino acid residues in
      proteins may occur while the polypeptide is still being synthesized on the
      ribosome. In addition, N-methylation can occur on the nascent polypeptides in the
      absence of protein synthesis.

PMID- 1101949
TI  - Molecular interactions between ribosomal proteins. Evidence for specificity of
      interaction between isolated proteins.
AB  - The proteins S2, S3, S5, and S10 from the 30S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia
      coli was studied by analytical ultracentrifugation to characterize them in
      solution and to determine whether isolated protein-protein interactions exist.
      Such interactions, if specific, may therefore bear some relationship to the
      spatial organization of the subunit structure. It was found that protein S2 self
      associates to a slight extent and that solution mixtures of S2 and S3 contain
      only enough dimeric species to account for the S2 dimer. Hence, no observable
      interaction was detected between S2 and S3. Solution mixtures of proteins S5 and
      S10 revealed a species of molecular weight greater than either protein. The
      proposal is that S5 and S10 interact with an association equilibrium constant of
      7.6 X 10(-5) M-1 at 3 degrees in a Tris buffer at pH 7.4. It was also shown that
      solution with a 1:1:1 mixture by mass, of S2, S5, and S10 contained a species
      possessing a molecular weight consistent with a simple ternary complex of the
      three proteins.

PMID- 1101950
TI  - An immunological approach to the role of the low molecular weight subunits in
      myosin. II. Interaction of myosin and its subfragments with antibodies to the
      light chains.
AB  - Immunological methods, in parellel with measurement of ATPase activity, have been
      used to characterize the reactions of antibodies specific for light chains with
      myosin and its water-soluble proteolytic subfragments, heavy meromyosin (HMM) and
      subfragment 1 (HMM S-1). Antiserum to the 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitro-enzoic acid)
      (DTNB) light chain undergoes a precipitation reaction with all of the enzyme
      species, in which half of the homologous light chain is selectively dissociated.
      The results suggest that the incomplete dissociation reflects the way in which
      the light chain is bound, rather than the existence of two distinct species of
      DTNB 1.c. Little reaction was observed with antisera to alkali-released light
      chains, indicating that these components in myosin and the subfragments are
      either largely buried or else conformationally different from the isolated light
      chains used as immunogens. None of the antisera produced significant changes in
      Ca2+- or EDTA-ATPase activities. Moreover, calcium regulation through the
      troponin-tropomyosin system was unaffected by removal of DTNB 1.c. from myosin,
      as well as from the subfragments. The absolute level of actin-activated ATPase
      activity was, however, consistently lower in the presence of light chain antisera
      (or purified IgG and antibody) than in aqueous buffer or nonimmune serum. For
      both alkali and DTNB 1.c. antisera, this loss in activity seemed to result from
      steric hindrance of actin binding by antibody bound to undissociated light chain.
      Experimental conditions which would be expected to weaken such an antigen
      antibody interaction, as well as the use of monovalent Fab in place of IgG,
      decreased the inhibition of activity. Altogether the activity measurements
      suggest that the light chains, particularly DTNB 1.c., are probably not integral
      parts of either the hydrolytic or actin-binding sites.

PMID- 1101951
TI  - Evidence for photoinduced cross-linkage, in situ, of 30S ribosomal proteins to
      16S rRNA.
AB  - The effects of ultraviolet radiation on the 30S ribosomal subunit of Escherichia
      coli were studied. Irradiation in aqueous solution under anaerobic conditions
      resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the separability of the rRNA and protein
      components of the 30S ribosomal subunit in 4 M urea-3 M LiC1. The results of gel
      filtration studies of the irradiated ribosomes before and after treatment with
      pancreatic ribonuclease indicated that the decrease in separability of the
      ribosome components was a result of the photoinduced formation of covalent RNA
      protein cross-links. The number of covalent cross-links was estimated to
      correspond to less than 3 per 10,000 daltons of ribosomal proteins. One
      dimensional gel electrophoresis studies of the course of the photoinduced cross
      linkage reaction indicated that cross-linkage of individual 30S ribosomal
      proteins to the 16S rRNA proceeds in two dose-dependent steps. The first step
      requires an input of 1 X 10(20) quanta of 253.7 -nm radiation and results in the
      cross-linkage of at least five ribosomal proteins to the 16S rRNA. The second
      step requires a total input of 2 X 10(20) quanta of 253.7 -nm radiation, and
      results in the cross-linkage of most of the remaining 30S ribosomal proteins to
      the 16S rRNA.

PMID- 1101952
TI  - A procedure for the rapid, large-scall purification of Escherichia coli DNA
      dependent RNA polymerase involving Polymin P precipitation and DNA-cellulose
      chromatography.
AB  - An improved method is described for the purification of the DNA-dependent RNA
      polymerase [ribonucleosidetriphosphate:RNA  nucleotidyltransferase,  EC 2.7.7.6]
      from Escherichia coli. The method involves lysozyme-sodium deoxycholate lysis,
      low-speed centrifugation, precipitation with Polymin P, elution from the Polymin
      P precipitate, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and chromatography on DNA
      cellulose and Bio-Gel A 5m. RNA polymerase is purified to electrophoretic
      homogeneity in 2 days with a recovery of 45%, resulting in a yield of 250 mg of
      holoenzyme from 500 g of cells.

PMID- 1101953
TI  - A fluorometric study of DNA-bound benzo[a]pyrene.
AB  - Comparisons were made among the fluorescence spectra of DNA-bound benzo[a]pyrenes
      which were produced in vivo and in vitro. DNA from mouse skin treated with
      benzo[a]pyrene had a maximum emission beyond 400 nm, which was clearly
      distinguished from that of DNA-bound benzo[a]pyrene 4,5-oxide. The emission
      spectra from mouse skin were classified into two groups, type I and type II. The
      former was similar to the spectrum of benzo[a]pyrene, although the two maxima
      were shifted to longer wavelengths (410 and 435 nm). Type II was characterized by
      a broad peak around 430 nm. Type I and type II were obtained from different
      fractions of hydroxylapatite chromatography, but type I was changed into type II
      during storage. This suggests that type II is a modified product of type I. The
      emission spectra of both groups also were detected in in vitro activating
      systems, including photoirradiation, iodine treatment, and hydrogen peroxide
      treatment. Treatment of Escherichia coli with benzo[a]pyrene during culture
      produced only fluorescence of type I. Although the relationship between types I
      and II remains to be established, both types of fluorescence evidently indicate
      that the conjugated ring structure of the parent compound, benzo[a]pyrene, is
      preserved intact in DNA-bound benzo[a]pyrene. Several lines of evidence suggest
      that the proximate (active) form is an unidentified hydroxylated product
      including an oxy radical, but a cation radical cannot be completely excluded.

PMID- 1101954
TI  - On the mode of action of lomofungin, an inhibitor of RNA synthesis in yeast.
AB  - Lomofungin is a potent inhibitor of RNA synthesis in yeast. Studies on the mode
      of action of the inhibitor were carried out using yeast RNA polymerases A and B
      and bacterial RNA polymerase. In vitro inhibition of RNA synthesis is independent
      of the nature and concentration of the template used and of the nucleoside
      triphosphate concentration. The extent of inhibition is strongly dependent upon
      the nature and concentration of divalent cations used to simulate transcription.
      The three RNA polymerases were inhibited to the same extent in the presence of
      Mn2+ ions whereas little inhibition was observed with Mg2+ ions.
      Spectrophotometric studies reveal the formation of different complexes between
      lomofungin and divalent cations (Mn2+, Mg2+, or Zn2+) with the respective
      stoichiometries of 0.5, 1, and 2 divalent cations per molecule of lomofungin. The
      complexes formed depend upon the nature of the divalent cation involved. No
      direct interaction between lomofungin and DNA could be observed in the presence
      of divalent cations but evidence is presented that lomofungin interacts with
      yeast RNA polymerase A. Inhibition of RNA synthesis occurs at the level of both
      chain initiation and elongation.

PMID- 1101955
TI  - T7 RNA polymerase: conformation, functional groups, and promotor binding.
AB  - Circular dichroic spectra of T7 RNA polymerase show minima at 222 nm ([theta]m=
      7.9 X 10(3) deg cm2/dmol) and 208 nm ([theta]m =-7.55 X 10(3) deg cm2/dmol) and a
      maximum at 193 nm ([theta]m = 1.2 X 10(4) deg cm2/dmol). The small mean residue
      ellipticity above 200 nm indicates that the secondary structure contains
      approximately 12% alpha helix. The secondary structure is unaltered by high salt,
      glycerol, -SH reagents, nitration of tyrosyl residues, and chelating agents.
      Binding of the native enzyme to [32P]T7 DNA has been measured by the retention of
      the protein-[32P]DNA complexes on nitrocellulose filters. At 37degrees T7 RNA
      polymerase binds to its promoters in the absence of NTP's. Binding and catalytic
      activity are both abolished at 0degree. Binding of the initiating [gamma-32P]GTP
      can also be detected by the filter binding assay. Native T7 RNA polymerase is
      inactivated by reaction with 1 mol of 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (Nbs2)
      or 1 mol of [14C]iodoacetamide. The latter reaction is blocked by Nbs2 suggesting
      that a single -SH group is required for activity. Alkylation of the -SH group
      does not alter binding of the enzyme to the DNA template, but modifies the
      binding of GTP to the enzyme. Nitration of approximately4 surface tyrosyl
      residues of the protein prevents binding to T7 DNA. The restriction endonuclease,
      Hpa II, cuts T7 DNA into approximately40 fragments and reduces total RNA
      synthesis by T7 RNA polymerase by 70%. Fragmentation of the DNA template by Hpa
      II does not alter the rate of RNA chain initiation by T7 polymerase, and
      restriction fragments accounting for approximately25% of the T7 DNA still bind
      tightly to the enzyme. Thus the T7 RNA polymerase promoters remain intact on the
      restriction fragments. Gel electrophoresis of the transcription products, using
      restriction fragments as templates, show that of the seven in vitro transcripts
      produced by T7 RNA polymerase from whole T7 DNA, only the smallest (representing
      the last 1.5% of the genome) is transcribed from Hpa II fragments. The remaining
      transcripts are replaced by six new and much shorter mRNA's. The DNA fragments
      containing the promoters for these mRNA's have been removed from the fragment mix
      by binding them to the enzyme and retaining the complexes on nitrocellulose
      filters.

PMID- 1101956
TI  - Transcription of fractionated calf thymus chromatin by RNA polymerase of calf
      thymus and Escherichia coli.
AB  - Calf thymus chromatin has been sheared and fractionated on sucrose gradients.
      Approximately 5-10% of the chromatin is resolved from the bulk of the imput
      chromatin as a slowly sedimenting fraction. The protein/DNA ratio of the slowly
      sedimenting fraction is not greatly different from the protein/DNA ratio of the
      more rapidly sedimenting chromatin fraction. Analysis of DNA of the chromatin
      fractions by CsC1 equilibrium density gradient centrifugation indicates that DNA
      of the slowly sedimenting fraction is depleted in the satellite DNA banding at
      1.716 g/cm3. The template properties of the chromatin fractions have been
      examined with Escherichia coli RNA polymerase and form II and form III RNA
      polymerases of calf thymus. At rate-limiting concentrations, the slowly
      sedimenting fraction is twofold more active than the rapidly sedimenting fraction
      as a template for E. coli RNA polymerase. Homologous form II and form III RNA
      polymerases are respectively 30-fold and 16-fold more active with the slowly
      sedimenting fraction than the rapidly sedimenting fraction. The activity of form
      II RNA polymerase in transcribing the slowly sedimenting fraction exceeds its
      activity in transcribing an equal concentration of native DNA. Kinetic studies,
      in which RNA polymerase activity is assayed at various concentrations of
      chromatin, indicate that the greater activity of E. coli RNA polymerase with the
      slowly sedimenting fraction is due to an increased rate of transcription at
      saturating concentrations of template (Vmax), and is not due to a lower
      concentration required for half-maximal rate of transcription (Km). In contrast,
      the increased rates of transcription of the slowly sedimenting chromatin faction
      by the homologous polymerases are due to a decrease in concentration required for
      half-maximal rate of transcription rather than an increased rate of
      transscription at saturation concentrations of template. The relative degrease of
      satellite DNA in the slowly sedimenting fraction of chromatin and the enhanced
      template activity of the slowly sedimenting fraction suggest that this fraction
      is equivalent to nuclear euchromatin while the more rapidly sedimenting chromatin
      is equivalent to nuclear heterochromatin.

PMID- 1101957
TI  - L-phenylalanine:tRNA ligase of Escherichia coli K10. A rapid kinetic
      investigation of the catalytic reaction.
AB  - The kinetics of the amino acid activation and the transfer of the amino acid to
      tRNA have been investigated for L-phenylalanine:tRNA ligase of Escherichia coli
      K10 by stopped-flow and radioactive techniques. The rapid kinetics were followed
      by the observation of the displacement of the fluorescent dye, 6-p
      toluidinylnaphthalene-2-sulfonate from the binding site of L-phenylalanine under
      conditions where a single active site of the enzyme was involved. The following
      results are of particular interest. (1) Equilibrium binding of L-phenylalanine
      and tRNAPhe indicates in each case two sites of interaction with an approximately
      tenfold difference of the binding affinity. (2) Experimental conditions of the
      kinetic investigation were chosen to favor reactions at the high affinity binding
      sites. Under those conditions, the rate constants have been evaluated at 1 mM
      magnesium to be in the range 12-25 sec-1 for the activation reaction and 42-77
      sec-1 for the reverse, the variation of the values depending on those of the
      dissociation constants used for computation. The rate constant for the transfer
      reaction is 0.05 sec-1 and for the reverse 0.19 sec-1. The forward reaction is
      rate limiting for the overall reaction at single turnover and steady-state
      conditions. (3) All rate constants depend on the concentration of magnesium.
      Evidence is provided that the transfer occurs via a productive enzyme-tRNAPhe
      complex which is in a magnesium-dependent equilibrium with an unproductive
      complex, high magnesium favoring the former. The position of the tRNA-CCA end in
      the productive complex is such, that the fluorescent dye can be displaced by Phe
      tRNAPhe. The thermodynamics of the overall reaction have been treated on the
      basis of the partial reactions. The free enthalpy of the completed reaction was
      calculated to be very close to zero. The significance of the adenylate
      intermediate is discussed with respect to the product inhibition expected on the
      basis of the tendency of tRNAPhe and L-phenylalanine to form tight complexes with
      the enzyme.

PMID- 1101958
TI  - Polynucleotide analogs: acrylic acid and maleic acid copolymers of 1-vinyluracil
      and 9-vinyladenine.
AB  - Radical-induced copolymerization of 1-vinyluracil and maleic anhydride gave,
      after hydrolysis, a polymer containing a 1:1 monomer ratio of 1-vinyluracil
      maleic acid. Gamma-Ray-induced copolymerization of 1-vinyluracil with acrylic
      acid gave a polymer with a ratio of 1:1.7. Similar treatment of 9-vinlyadenine
      and acrylic acid resulted in a polymer with a 1:3.2 ratio. These three compounds
      are potent stimulants of poly (uridylic acid) coded polyphenylalanine synthesis
      in an in vitro cell free system purified from Escherichia coli MRE 600. The
      double-stranded polymer, poly(inosinic acid)-poly(cytidylic acid), also
      stimulates polyphenylalanine synthesis in this assay.

PMID- 1101959
TI  - Inactivation of rat liver RNA polymerases I and II and yeast RNA polymerase I by
      pyrodixal 5'-phosphate. Evidence for the participation of lysyl residues at the
      active site.
AB  - Purified DNA-dependent  RNA polymerase forms I (A) and II (B) from rat liver and
      form I from yeast are rapidly inactivated by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate at pH 8.0.
      The inhibition is relatively specific since pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate is not an
      inhibitor and pyridoxal is about 12 times less effective than pyridoxal 5'
      phosphate. The inactivation is reversed by high concentrations of amines, and can
      be made irreversible by reduction with NaBH4. Spectral analysis of the inhibited
      enzyme and its NaBH4 reduction product indicates that a Schiff base forms between
      the aldehyde group of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and one or more amino groups of the
      protein. Nepsilon-Pyridoxyllysine was identified as the only product in acid
      hydrolysates of the reduced yeast RNA polymerase I-pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
      complex. Complete inactivation of yeast polymerase I results in the incorporation
      of 3-4 mol of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate/1 mol of enzyme. DNA and nucleotide
      substrates partially protect the enzymes from inactivation. These results suggest
      that one or more lysyl amino groups are critical for the activity of animal RNA
      polymerases and show that pyridoxal 5'-phosphate is a suitable probe for studying
      the active sites of these enzymes. Comparison of the present results with those
      previously obtained with Eschericha coli RNA polymerase in this laboratory
      suggest a new degree of structural homology between eucaryotic and procaryotic
      RNA polymerases.

PMID- 1101960
TI  - The effect of salt on phospholipid fatty acid composition in Escherichia coli K
      12.
AB  - The fatty acid compositions of the three major phospholipids of Escherichia coli
      K-12; phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin; were
      determined during growth in media differing in NaCl concentration. Significant
      differences in fatty acid composition of the phospholipids were observed in the
      stationary phase cultures, but no appreciable differences were found in early
      exponential cultures.

PMID- 1101961
TI  - Nitrogenases of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter chroococum. Complex
      formation between the component proteins.
AB  - 1. Sedimentation velocity analyses of mixtures of highly purified component
      proteins of Azotobacter chroococcum are consistent with the formation of a tight
      1 : 1 complex in the absence of Na2 S2 O4. 1 : 1 complex formation between
      complementary proteins from A. chroococcum and Klebsiella pneumoniae was also
      observed. The addition of 5 mM Na2 S2 O4 weakened the interaction between the A.
      chroococcum proteins and also the interaction between complementary proteins of
      A. chroococcum and K. pneumoniae. 2. Steady-state kinetic data for acetylene
      reduction at low protein concentrations have been used to calculate association
      constants at 30 degrees C for the 1 : 1 protein complexes of nitrogenase proteins
      from A. chroococcum, K. pneumoniae and mixtures of complementary proteins from
      both organisms. Values centered around 3 - 10(7) M-1 were obtained. 3. The
      temperature dependence of the association constant for the complex formed by the
      K. pneumoniae proteins exhibited a sharp break at 17 degrees C with deltaH = 0
      and deltaH = 418 kJ - mol-1 above and below 17 degrees C, respectively. 4. The
      Arrhenius plot for acetylene reduction by the complex formed by the K. pneumoniae
      proteins was linear over the range 12-40 degrees C with deltaH = 80 kJ - mol-1.

PMID- 1101962
TI  - Effect of L-azetidine 2-carboxylic acid on growth and proline metabolism in
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - The effects of L-azetidine 2-carboxylic acid on growth and proline metabolism in
      a proline-requiring auxotroph of Escherichia coli are described. The homologue
      inhibited growth of the wild type and it, alone, did not substitute effectively
      for proline as a growth supplement for the mutant. In medium containing 0.05 mM
      proline, the addition of increasing amounts of homologue progressively inhibited
      growth of the wild type but stimulated growth of the mutant at homologue: proline
      ratios of 10 : 1 and 50 : 1. This suggested that the homologue exerted a "sparing
      effect" on proline in the mutant. The incorporation of L-[U-14C]proline and L
      [3H]azetidine 2-carboxylic acid into hot trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material
      in the mutant was measured. Amino acid analysis of the insoluble material from
      cells incubated with radiolabeled proline alone revealed that proline was
      partially degraded and metabolized to other amino acids prior to incorporation
      into protein. The addition of unlabeled homologue to the incubation medium
      significantly reduced proline catabolism, suggesting that the homologue exerted a
      sparing effect on proline in this mutant. In medium containing unlabeled proline
      and radiolabeled L-azetidine 2-carboxylic acid, the homologue was incorporated
      both intact and partially degraded prior to incorporation into protein. Alanine
      was the major L-azetidine 2-carboxylic acid catabolite.

PMID- 1101963
TI  - External yeast beta-fructosidase. The role of tryptophyl residues in catalysis.
AB  - 1. In native invertase at pH 4.6, 23 out of a total of 34 tryptophyl residues are
      "exposed" to oxidation with N-bromosuccinimide, the other residues being
      apparently shielded from the oxidant within the molecule. 2. Oxidation of 5-6
      tryptophyl residues/molecule with N-bromosuccinimide is proportional to the
      complete inactivation of the enzyme, and appears to be specific for indole
      chromophore only. The ligand binding and fluorescence measurements indicate that
      the oxidation of native enzyme, up to 50% inhibition, apparently does not change
      the conformation and topography of enzymes surface. 3. Invertase is inhibited by
      diazonium-1-H-tetrazole. Since tyrosine residues can be excluded by nitration
      studies as catalytically unimportant, it appears that a mocification of a single
      histidyl residue/molecule with diazonium-1-H-tetrazole is sufficient to abolish
      the enzymic activity. However, the absence of inhibition with diethyl
      pyrocarbonate indicates that the inhibition with diazonium-1-H-tetrazole may be
      mediated through steric hindrance or other indirect effects. 4. The absence of
      inhibition with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, trinitro benzenesulfonic acid and
      5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate) indicates that the carbonyl groups of the
      carbohydrate moiety, free amino and -SH groups are not essential for activity.

PMID- 1101964
TI  - Pyruvate decarboxylase III. Specificity restrictions for thiamine pyrophosphate
      in the protein association step, sub-unit structure.
AB  - Pyruvate decarboxylase dissociates into sub-units of one half the molecular
      weight at alkaline pH. At the same conditions the cofactors thiamine
      pyrophosphate and Mg2+ are released and can be separated from the protein.
      Thiamine pyrophosphate is an obligatory cofactor for reconstitution to the
      oligomer [1]. In this study the effect of thiamine pyrophosphate derivatives
      (thiamine monophosphate, thiamine, and thiazole pyrophosphate) upon the
      reconstitution procedure was evaluated. The complete association of sub-units to
      form active oligomer was attained only when thiamine pyrophosphate was present.
      It is concluded that both the pyrimidine ring and the pyrophosphate group are
      required for productive co-enzyme binding and it is proposed that this
      interaction effects a conformational change which promotes protomer aggregation
      to form the enzymatically active holoenzyme. In addition data are presented which
      indicate that the monomer unit is 60 000 +/- 3000 daltons and that the N-terminal
      amino acid is histidine. Since the molecular weight of the active oligomer is 230
      000 it is proposed that pyruvate decarboxylase is a tetramer comprised of four
      identical or nearly identical monomer units.

PMID- 1101965
TI  - Multiple forms of mitochondrial alcohol dehydrogenase in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - Three forms of NAD-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase have been characterized in
      yeast by their heat sensitivity, their specificity and their electrophoretic
      patterns. Thermal stability increases in the following order: alcohol
      dehydrogenase I (fermentative enzyme), alcohol dehydrogenase II (oxidative
      enzyme), alcohol dehydrogenase III (mitochondrial enzyme). Work with isolated
      mitochondria shows that alcohol dehydrogenase III is the only form of alcohol
      dehydrogenase present in these organelles. Starch gel electrophoresis of alcohol
      dehydrogenase III reveals an active zone of slow migration which consists of five
      sub-bands. The relative activity of these five sub-bands varies with the
      conditions of growth. Mitochondrial alcohol dehydrogenase represents never more
      than 10% of the total cellular alcohol dehydrogenase. Information for its
      biosynthesis seems to be located in nucleic DNA. The mitochondrial enzyme shows a
      high affinity for alcohols with a double bond conjugated to the alcohol function.

PMID- 1101966
TI  - Synthesis and degradation of early mRNA in lambda phage.
AB  - Using two different Escherichia coli mutants defective in elongation factors EFG
      and EFTs required for peptide synthesis, lambda phage with or without a tof
      mutation was analysed for synthesis of early mRNA by DNA-RNA hybridization
      technique. (1) In CP78G carrying temperature-sensitive elongation factor G, shift
      up to high temperature (41 degrees C) in the middle of phage infection did not
      affect early mRNA synthesis with lambdatof+ phage but did inhibit it with
      lambdatof- phage. (2) In HAK88 carrying temperature-sensitive elongation factor
      Ts, shift-up to 41 degrees C dropped total cellular RNA synthesis to below 10-20
      percent of the control in the presence or absence of phage infection (stringent
      control). Under such a condition for suppressed protein synthesis, lambda early
      mRNA synthesis was completely blocked with both tof+ and tof- phage infection.
      Thus, stringent control seems to exert its effect on lambda early mRNA synthesis.
      (3) Addition of chloramphenicol, which is known to relax the stringent control of
      RNA synthesis, to the culture of phage-infected HAK88 at 41 degrees C resulted in
      full recovery of tof+-mRNA synthesis, but only in partial recovery to tof --mRNA
      synthesis. (4) Analysis of the stability of lambda mRNA indicated an exponential
      decay, and a halflife of tof --mRNA of 6 min when that of tof+-mRNA was 13 min at
      37 degrees C.

PMID- 1101967
TI  - Aminoacylation of Phaseolus vulgaris cytoplasmic, chloroplastic and mitochondrial
      tRNAsMet and of Escherichia coli tRNAsMet by homologous and heterologous enzymes.
AB  - Met-tRNA synthetase from Paseolus vulgaris cytoplasm could be separated from its
      chloroplastic or mitochondrial counterpart by DEAE-cellulose chromatography, but
      the Met-tRNA synthetase from the two latter organelles could not be distinguished
      using DEAE-cellulose, hydroxyapatite or CM-Sephadex chromatography. As revealed
      by reverse-phase chromatography, bean cytoplasm contains 2 tRNAsMet; only one is
      charged by chloroplast, mitochondrial or Escherichia coli Met-tRNA synthetase.
      Mitochondria contain, in addition to the 2 cytoplasmic tRNAsMet, 3 mitochondria
      spedific tRNAsMet; 2 can be formylated by the mitochondrial or the E. coli
      transformylase; all 3 are charged by mitochondrial, chloroplastic or E, coli Met
      tRNA synthetase; none is charged by the cytoplasmic enzyme. Chloroplasts contain,
      in addition to the 2 cytoplasmic tRNAsMet, 3 chloroplast-specific tRNAsMet,
      different from the mitochondrial tRNAsMet; one is formylatable by the
      chloroplastic or the E. coli transformylase; all 3 are charged by chloroplastic,
      mitochondrial or E. coli Met-tRNA synthetase; only one is charged by the
      cytoplasmic enzyme. Of the 3 E. coli tRNAsMet, only the formylatable species can
      be charged by bean cytoplasmic, chloroplastic or mitochondrial Met-tRNA
      synthetase.

PMID- 1101968
TI  - Substrate specificity of Salmonella typhimurium RNAase III and the nature of
      products formed.
AB  - RNAase III, an endonuclease specific for double-stranded substrates, has been
      obtained in a highly purified form from extracts of Salmonella typhimurium. Poly
      (I-C) and a mixture of poly(A) and poly(U) (1 : 1), the latter in presence of 5
      mM Mg2+, act as excellent substrates. Poly(I-C) is only partially hydrolysed by
      RNAase III and the product or products are acted upon by both RNAase I and RNAase
      II indicating that the products may be oligonucleotides. This conclusion is
      supported by two-dimensional chromatography on DEAE paper.

PMID- 1101969
TI  - The milk fat globule membrane.

PMID- 1101970
TI  - [Study of the degradation reaction of paranitrosodimethylaniline by a C
      nitrosoreductase of yeast].
AB  - We have purified, by a three step procedure, a yeast C-nitrosoreductase and
      studied its action on p-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline. Microcalorimetric
      measurements performed on the microcalorimeter LKB "batch", have been given the
      number of protons exchanged during the reaction : four protons are involved. Two
      are given by NADH and the others are supplied by the buffer. We could observe two
      steps in the catalytic mechanism. The enthalpy change of the first one is greater
      than that of the second. Spectrophotometric and polarographic experiments
      corroborate this results : two enzymatic steps could be demonstrated. The
      reduction of p-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline is characterized by a peak with a half
      wave potential at -0,31 V (in M Tris-HCl, pH 8,30). While the amplitude of this
      one decreases, a second wave appears at -1,03 V.

PMID- 1101971
TI  - [Analysis of a small quatity of polypeptides by two-dimensional electrophoresis:
      application to characterization of proteins].
AB  - A new two-dimensional electrophoresis is described. The first electrophoresis is
      performed in a 10 p. cent gel (1 X 110 mm) in the presence of 7 M urea; the
      migration in the second dimension proceeds on a 20 p. cent polyacrylamide sheet
      (160 X 110 X 1 mm) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. This system
      resolves most of the polypeptides obtained by treating a very small amount (about
      100 mug) of proteins with cyanogene bromide. Macromolecules can thus be quickly
      and easily characterized.

PMID- 1101972
TI  - [Quaternary structure of Escherichia coli polynucleotide phosphorylase: chemical
      characterization of form A].
AB  - We had previously shown the existence of two classes of polynucleotide
      phosphorylases : Form A which is made of alpha chains and carries the catalytic
      sites ; and form B which is constituted of alpha chains and of beta chains. We
      performed some chemical analyses of form A (N-terminal sequence, amino acid
      composition, peptide mapping) which suggest that the alpha chains are all
      identical and moreover that they have no relationship with the beta chains. The
      latter do not therefore derive from a partial proteolytic degradation of the
      alpha chains and can therefore be considered as true subunits of the enzyme.

PMID- 1101973
TI  - Effects of changes in growth rate on the levels of several aminoacyl-tRNA
      synthetases in yeast.
AB  - When the growth rate of yeast cells is decreased (for instance by transferring
      the cells from a rich medium to a poor one, or when the cells enter the
      stationary phase, or when growth is inhibited by cycloheximide, or when valine is
      removed from the medium supporting growth of a valine-requiring mutant, or when a
      thermosensitive mutant is shifted to the non-permissive temperature) there is a
      decrease in the levels of the four aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases tested. Conversely,
      an increase in the growth rate is accompanied by an increase in the levels of the
      four enzymes. But when the growth rate is slowed down by decreasing the
      temperature of the medium, no effect on the levels of the aminoacyl-tRNA
      synthetases is observed. These results are consistent with the concept of
      "metabolic regulation" proposed by Parker and neidhardt.

PMID- 1101974
TI  - Neurophysiological and behavioral organization of premature infants in the first
      months of life.
AB  - Many explanations for the current findings of limited group differences between
      premature and term infants at comparable conceptional ages can be imagined that
      remain buried in the data as currently presented. For example, some prematures
      may indeed be advanced in many areas of behavioral and neurophysiological
      development, but this is counterbalanced by prematures who are significantly
      delayed in these parameters for medical reasons such as hypoxia or metabolic
      disturbance, while a third portion of the infants has uneven and disorganizing
      mixtures of delayed and advanced development in selective modalities. Hopefully
      future research which takes these various possibilities into consideration will
      give us a better understanding of this complex problem.

PMID- 1101975
TI  - Nuclear power for the artificial heart.
AB  - Studies showed that a totally implantable nuclear-powered artificial heart is
      practicable, and consequently a prototype system development program was
      initiated in July 1973. Basic testing of the prototype should be completed in
      1977, with extensive studies to qualify the device for clinical use running at
      least into the early 1980s.

PMID- 1101976
TI  - The activation of infective stages of endoparasites of vertebrates.

PMID- 1101977
TI  - Sialic acid and the social behaviour of cells.

PMID- 1101978
TI  - Some thoughts on experimental screening.
AB  - Experimental screening of anticancer drugs is discussed from the standpoint of
      the need for close co-operation between experimentalists and clinicans in
      developing therapies for human trials. Particular emphasis is given to screening
      analogues of known active drugs including the approaches in chemical synthesis
      and tests of experimental tumor activity, as well as the questions that determine
      clinical interest and capabilities for human trials. In the area of combinations
      of two or more drugs, the need for experimental systems providing data for
      rational design of clinical regimens is highlighted. Means for experimental
      evaluation of the major variables of dose ratio, dose schedule and sequence of
      drug administration are considered. Finally, the overall problems of drug
      screening are discussed within the context of combining drugs with other
      treatment modalities, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. The
      complexities of designing better cancer treatment will require close interaction
      between experimental and clinical studies.

PMID- 1101979
TI  - Cellulase and protein production from mixed cultures of Trichoderma viride and a
      yeast.
AB  - Fermentations with mixed cultures of the cellulolytic fungus Trichoderma viride
      and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Candida utilis were examined. The
      fermentations were carried out in an aerated 5 liter fermentor with NaOH treated
      barley straw as the cellulose source (2-4%). Yeast was inoculated 24-32 hr after
      the fungus and the growth of the two organisms was followed through the
      production of CO2 and cell protein. In comparison with fermentations with T.
      viride alone, the production time for maximum yields of cellulases and cell
      protein was reduced by several days, depending on the straw concentrations. The
      protein content of the growth product was 21-22% and the amino acid composition
      of the product resembled that of T. viride alone.

PMID- 1101980
TI  - [Effect of embichin (HN2) and its monofunctional analog (HN1) on chromatin and
      DNA matrix activity in an in vitro RNA-polymerase system].
AB  - Embichin inhibited the matrix activity of chromatin and DNA in the RNA-polymerase
      system in vitro much more than its monofunctional analogue. Chromatin possessed a
      greater sensitivity to the action of embichin in comparison with the
      deproteinised DNA. However,  with the action of a monofunctional embichin
      analogue there was a greater reduction of the matrix activity of DNA in
      comparison with chromatin. The depression mechanism of the matrix activity of
      chromatin with the action of embichin was apparently associated with the capacity
      of the latter to form the DNA-protein bonds in the chromatin composition.

PMID- 1101981
TI  - [Device for culturing nerve tissue].

PMID- 1101982
TI  - [Development and clinical approval of a micromodification of the human leukocyte
      migration inhibition reaction].
AB  - The author suggests a new modification of the human blood leukocyte migration
      inhibition test. The results of the clinical approval of the test permit it to be
      recommended for the investigation in dynamics of the cellular immunity and the
      humoral factors in ptients with different immunopathological state. This
      modification permits to carry out 10-15 parallel investigations using small
      quantitites of the blood.

PMID- 1101983
TI  - [Study of the enzymatic activity of the blood leukocytes in experimental
      nephrotoxic nephritis in rats].
AB  - The enzymatic activity of blood leukocytes was studied in rats with Masugi
      nephritis by means of the quantitative cytochemical method. Nephrotoxin injection
      during first hours and days did not produce specific changes in the enzymatic
      activity. Maximum changes were observed on the 8-th day when the elevation of the
      activity of dehydrogenase lymphocytes and neutrophils acid phosphatase was
      observed at the same time with most pronounced histological changes in the
      kidneys, the decrease of the complement titer and the presence of nephrotoxin and
      autoglobulin in the renal glomeruli. Later the histological changes became less
      pronounced, and the enzymatic activity decreased. In rats with proteinuria the
      activity of the neutrophil leukocytes acid phosphatase was higher than in animals
      without proteinuria.

PMID- 1101984
TI  - [Use of an immunothermistographic method for detecting humoral antibodies in the
      allotransplantation of skin and cornea in rabbits].
AB  - Humoral antibodies were investigated by the method of immunothermistography in 43
      rabbits after allotransplantation of the skin and cornea. The method of
      immunothermistography is based on the changes in thermoconduction of the medium
      as a result of the antigen-antibody reaction. The antibodies were discovered in
      the blood serum 3 to 5 days after the skin transplantation. The antibody titre
      gradually increased. Retransplantation of the skin at first decreased the
      concentration of antibodies, but the antibody titre rose in 8-12 days. In most of
      the animals the antibodies disappeared in 2-3 months. The same data were obtained
      in transplantation of the cornea. A correlation between thermistography data and
      Hougher's reaction and also the dynamics of the complement titre was found. The
      method of immunothermistography aids in discovery of the humoral tissue
      antibodies at the early period of the rejection reaction; it is highly sensitive
      and simple.

PMID- 1101985
TI  - [Organ culture of human embryonic lung tissue].
AB  - Results of morphological study of organotypical cultures of the embryonal
      pulmonary tissue of 22-24 weeks human fetuses showed that for 30 experimental
      days they passed the period of adaptation, of the optimal growth and
      differentiation and gradual death. These periods were also characteristic of
      organic cultures of the embryonal pulmonary tissue of rodents. However, the
      processes of growth and differentiation in the corresponding human cultures were
      seen chiefly in the connective, and in rodents - in the epithelial tissue.

PMID- 1101986
TI  - Agency physicians to the Southern Plains Indians, 1868-1900.

PMID- 1101987
TI  - William Westmacott's Memorabilia: the education of a Puritan country physician.

PMID- 1101988
TI  - The Paris health council, 1802-1848.

PMID- 1101989
TI  - The quest for a national health department in the Progressive era.

PMID- 1101990
TI  - J.E. Purkyne as a Piarist monk.

PMID- 1101991
TI  - Goiter, iodine and George W. Goler: the Rochester experiment.

PMID- 1101992
TI  - Texts and documents: Matheolus of Perugia's commentary on the preface to the
      Aphorisms of Hippocrates.

PMID- 1101993
TI  - W.B. McDaniel, 2d (1897-1975).

PMID- 1101994
TI  - On a possible biological spectroscopy.

PMID- 1101995
TI  - Medical considerations in the treatment of renal disease.

PMID- 1101996
TI  - Uremic toxins.

PMID- 1101997
TI  - Ancient obstetric hazards and female mortality.

PMID- 1101998
TI  - Pneumoconiosis in Chilean miners of the 16th century.

PMID- 1101999
TI  - Benjamin Rush and his insane son.

PMID- 1102000
TI  - A look at iodine-induced hyperthyroidism: Recognition.

PMID- 1102001
TI  - A brief survey of the history of the antimicrobial agents.

PMID- 1102002
TI  - Principles of combination therapy.

PMID- 1102003
TI  - Antibiotic agents and the immune mechanisms of defense.

PMID- 1102004
TI  - Medical numismatic notes, XX: the wanderings of a medal of Benjamin Rush.

PMID- 1102005
TI  - Potato avoidance during pregnancy in women with a previous infant with either
      anencephaly and/or spina bifida.
AB  - This investigation is a direct attempt to test Renwick's (1972) hypothesis that
      95% of anencephaly and spina bifida (ASB) is preventable by the avoidance of
      potatoes during pregnancy. Although the numbers involved in the study are small,
      the investigation fails to support the concept that short-term avoidance of
      potatoes before conception and throughout pregnancy in women who have had a
      previous ASB infant reduces the recurrence risk. In the potato-free group, of 23
      pregnancies which went to term two infants had ASB (8-7%); whereas in the non
      potato-free group, of 56 which went to term two infants had ASB (3-6%). The
      recurrence risk in both groups was about 5%. The incidence of ASB in the groups
      shows no significant difference (P = 0-58) and in the potato-free group was not
      reduced by 95% as postulated by Renwick.

PMID- 1102006
TI  - Percy Stocks: an appreciation.

PMID- 1102007
TI  - The epidemiology of senile dementia.

PMID- 1102008
TI  - Schizophrenia: the remedy for diagnostic confusion.

PMID- 1102009
TI  - The pathology of dementia.

PMID- 1102010
TI  - Psychophysiology of clinical anxiety.

PMID- 1102011
TI  - Hysteria.

PMID- 1102012
TI  - Anorexia nervosa.

PMID- 1102013
TI  - The psychopath and his treatment.

PMID- 1102014
TI  - Homosexuality in the female.

PMID- 1102015
TI  - Transvestism and trans-sexualism.

PMID- 1102016
TI  - Indecent exposure and exhibitionism.

PMID- 1102017
TI  - An introduction to drug dependence.

PMID- 1102018
TI  - Epidemiology of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1102019
TI  - The epidemiology of alcoholism.

PMID- 1102020
TI  - Alcohol and the nervous system.

PMID- 1102021
TI  - Cannabis.

PMID- 1102022
TI  - Medical aspects of delinquency.

PMID- 1102023
TI  - Medicine and crime.

PMID- 1102024
TI  - Clinical presentation and classification of Schizophrenia.

PMID- 1102025
TI  - The dangerous offender.

PMID- 1102026
TI  - Genetic aspects of schizophrenia.

PMID- 1102027
TI  - Female offenders.

PMID- 1102028
TI  - The clinical assessment of mental handicap.

PMID- 1102029
TI  - Psychiatric disorder and intellectual impairment in childhood.

PMID- 1102030
TI  - The syndrome of early childhood autism.

PMID- 1102031
TI  - Education of the mentally handicapped.

PMID- 1102032
TI  - The need for residential care of the mentally handicapped.

PMID- 1102033
TI  - The effects of mental subnormality on the family.

PMID- 1102034
TI  - The Munchausen syndrome.

PMID- 1102035
TI  - Premenstrual tension.

PMID- 1102036
TI  - Psychiatric illness following childbirth.

PMID- 1102037
TI  - Biochemical abnormalities associated with schizophrenia.

PMID- 1102038
TI  - Pathological gambling.

PMID- 1102039
TI  - Psychiatric sequelae of amputation.

PMID- 1102040
TI  - Psychiatric diagnosis in Britain and the United States.

PMID- 1102041
TI  - Pathogenetic and other aspects of depression.

PMID- 1102042
TI  - Genetics of the affective illnesses.

PMID- 1102043
TI  - The practical management of lithium treatment.

PMID- 1102044
TI  - The diagnosis of dementia.

PMID- 1102045
TI  - Letter: The term "psychosis' and glossaries of mental disorders.

PMID- 1102046
TI  - Bleuler and schizophrenia.

PMID- 1102047
TI  - The history of psychiatry as the history of an art.

PMID- 1102048
TI  - A double-blind crossover trial of methandienone (Dianabol, CIBA) in moderate
      dosage on highly trained experienced athletes.

PMID- 1102049
TI  - Recent advances in acoustical microscopy.
AB  - One cannot be involved in research in universities, government establishments and
      industry for 35 years without becoming aware of a number of misconceptions about
      pure science, applied science, engineering and technology in the mind of the
      public and also in the very places where research is carried out. There is
      confusion about the aims of research and development. There is uncertainty about
      the proper roles of universities, research establishments and industry. There is
      the question whether science is intrinsically good or not. The author illuminates
      some of these issues by relating milestones in the development of microscopy-
      optical as well as electron--and gives a snapshot picture of the recent work at
      Stanford University on the acoustic microscope as a felicitous instance of
      physics applied to the ever-present desire of mankind: to explore the unknown and
      to understand nature. Experiments with a mechanically scanning type of acoustic
      microscope have shown that a resolution limited only by diffraction can be
      attained and using a sonic frequency of 1-2 GHz, objects of less than 1 mum
      diameter can in principle be resolved. Various biological tissues have been
      explored and it appears that the acoustical images contain information
      substantially different from that obtained optically or electron-optically.
      Images have also been obtained using the harmonic radiation generated within the
      object and this mode of operation promises to open up yet another dimension of
      information. When, in due course, the full power, and the limitations, of the
      acoustic microscope are appreciated, its use may well lead to advances in science
      and technology comparable to those brought about by the introduction of the
      electron microscope.

PMID- 1102050
TI  - Proceedings: A test of renal viability.

PMID- 1102051
TI  - Proceedings: Evaluation of renal transplant status using 131I-Hippuran and
      sequential scintillation camera image.

PMID- 1102052
TI  - The management of urinary fistulae following cadaveric renal transplantation.
AB  - Vesicoureteric, ureteric and calyceal fistulae in cadaver transplants may be
      successfully treated by early exploration and nephrostomy splintage with silastic
      tubing for a period of not less than 6 weeks.

PMID- 1102053
TI  - Occurrence of vesical calculus following renal transplantation.

PMID- 1102054
TI  - The microbial flora of the vagina and its relationship to bacteriuria in diabetic
      and non-diabetic women.
AB  - The vaginal and urinary flora have been studied in 57 diabetic and 33 non
      diabetic patients. In both populations, no correlation was found between
      urogenital symptoms and colonisation of the vagina. There was no greater
      prevalence of potentially pathogenic organisms in diabetic patients, even when
      control was poor. However, although not statistically significant, group B
      streptococci were isolated more frequently from poorly controlled diabetics.
      Bacteriuria was not significantly more common in diabetics. Gram-negative bacilli
      were found in the vagina significantly more often in bacteriuric patients; the
      prevalence of such organisms being four-fold greater after the menopause.

PMID- 1102055
TI  - Management of hyaline membrane disease.

PMID- 1102056
TI  - Letter: Malaria in Britain.

PMID- 1102057
TI  - GR WN Luntz.

PMID- 1102058
TI  - Major-General JP Douglas.

PMID- 1102059
TI  - Antibiotic resistance and survival of E coli in the alimentary tract.
AB  - Some antibiotics tend to select for R-factor-carrying Escherichia coli in the
      human gut, with complex long-term consequences. Some resistant strains disappear
      rapidly when treatment ends, while others persist for months in the absence of
      obvious antibiotic selection pressure, and the performance of individual
      resistant strains seems to depend more on the nature of the strain than on the
      plasmid carried. R plasmids are relatively rare in those E coli that colonize
      well in the gut and resistant bacteria therefore tend to disappear when treatment
      ends, but this situation could change dramatically if R plasmids became prevalent
      among those strains of E coli that colonize effectively.

PMID- 1102060
TI  - The forgotten nodule: complications of sacral nodules in rheumatoid arthritis.
AB  - Nodules commonly occur in rheumatoid arthritis and occasionally give rise to
      complications. The sacral nodule is easily missed and may ulcerate to produce
      extensive sacral sores which may lead to serious and even fatal complications in
      patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Seven cases are reported which illustrate
      some of these features.

PMID- 1102061
TI  - Edward Tyson.

PMID- 1102062
TI  - Dichotic studies. II. Two questions.

PMID- 1102063
TI  - Action of cerebral ischemia on decreased levels of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy
      phenylethylgylcol sulfate, homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid
      produced by pargyline.

PMID- 1102064
TI  - Which elements are excited in electrical stimulation of mammalian central nervous
      system: a review.
AB  - (1) There are data on the amount of current necessary to stimulate a myelinated
      fiber or cell body and/or its axon a given distance away from a monopolar
      electrode over the entire range of practical interest for intracranial
      stimulation. Data do not exist for other electrode configurations. (2) Currents
      from a monopolar cathode of more than 8 times threshold may block action
      potentials in axons. Therefore, only axons lying in a shell around the electrode
      are stimulated. Elements very close to the electrode may not be stimulated. Close
      to an electrode small diameter axons may be stimulated and larger ones may not
      be. (3) Most, and perhaps all, CNS myelinated fibers have chronaxies of 50-100
      musec. When gray matter is stimulated, the chronaxie is often 200-700 musec. It
      is not clear what is being stimulated in this case. Current-duration relations
      should be determined for many more responses. (4) There are no current-distance
      or current-duration data for central finely myelinated or unmyelinated fibers.
      (5) It takes less cathodal current than anodal to stimulate a myelinated fiber
      passing by a monopolar electrode. When a monopolar electrode is near a cell body,
      on the opposite side from the axon, often the lowest threshold is anodal, but
      sometimes cathodal. Stimulation of a neuron near its cell body is not well
      understood, but in many cases the axon is probably stimulated. (6) Orientation of
      cell body and axons with respect to current flow is important. For an axon it is
      the component of the voltage gradient parallel to the fiber that is important.
      (7) The pia has a significant resistance and capacitance. Gray matter, white
      matter, and cerebrospinal fluid have different resistivities, which affect
      patterns of current flow. (8) More is known about stimulation of mammalian CNS
      than most workers are aware of. Much of what is unknown seems solvable with
      current methods.

PMID- 1102065
TI  - Immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase: real or artefact?

PMID- 1102066
TI  - [History of the Society of Medical Students in Bratislava. 10. National
      liberation movement].

PMID- 1102067
TI  - Carboxyl-terminal sequences of procaryotic ribosomal proteins from Escherichia
      coli, Bacillus stearothermophilus, and Halobacterium cutirubrum.
AB  - The carboxyl-terminal amino acid sequences of two ribosomal proteins, Escherichia
      coli L12 and E. coli S4, and the proteins believed to be their equivalents from
      Bacillus stearothermophilus and Halobacterium cutirubrum, were determined. These
      proteins are known to be required for peptide chain termination (L12) and in
      ribosome assembly (S4). The carboxyl-terminal sequences obtained suggest that the
      E. coli and B. stearothermophilus proteins have retained structural homology in
      this region, whereas the H. cutirubrum proteins have not.

PMID- 1102068
TI  - Reconstitution of 48 S particles with subunit association activity from
      Escherichia coli 50 S ribosomal components.
AB  - Previous studies have shown that 50 S ribosomal proteins bind sequentially to
      RNA's of the 50 S subunit via temperature-dependent steps (0 leads to 37 leads to
      55 degrees C) to form 28, 32, (43) and 48 S particles (Chu, F.K., and Maeba, P.Y.
      (1973) Can. J. Biochem. 51, 129-139). When three equivalents of 50 S ribosomal
      proteins are used per equivalent of 23 S RNA, the yield of reconstituted 48 S
      particles is greatly increased. The addition of 10 mM spermidine increases the
      rate of reconstitution and abolishes the need for prior incubation at lower
      temperatures when 48 S particles are formed at 55 degrees C. In the presence of
      excess 50 S ribosomal proteins and 10 mM spermidine, 48 S particles formed at 50
      degrees C are able to associate with 30 S subunits in a stoichiometric manner to
      form 70 S complexes. These 48 S particles compete effectively with 50 S subunits
      for 30 S subunits and have an association activity equal to that of 50 S
      subunits. As compared to the 34 proteins in 50 S subunits, 4 are either absent or
      present in marginal amounts, 11 in reduced amounts, and 19 in approximately
      normal amounts in the 48 S particles.

PMID- 1102069
TI  - Nuclear demethylation and C-24 alkylation during ergosterol biosynthesis in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - The role of 4,4-dimethylzymosterol (3), 4,4-dimethylfecosterol (4) and 31
      norlanosterol (5) in the biosynthesis of ergosterol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
      has been investigated. The synthesis of 4 and 5 coupled with the availability of
      3 facilitated a search for these sterols in commercial yeast sterol concentrates,
      fresh laboratory grown yeast and fresh brewery grown yeast. Sterol 4 was not
      detected in any of these mixtures whereas 5 was found in the first and last and 3
      was present in all three sources investigated. Investigation of incorporation of
      [2-3H]lanosterol into 3, 4 and 5 revealed significant incorporation into 3 but
      neither 4 nor 5. This observation suggests the principle pathway for ergosterol
      biosynthesis initially involved 1 leads to 3 leads to 7. Incubation of a mixture
      of [2,4-3H]zymosterol and [26,27-14C]lanosterol with S. cerevisiae revealed that
      during the initial phases of aerobic growth the major route from 7 to ergosterol
      involves zymosterol (11) but as 11 accumulates 4 alpha-methyl-24
      methylenezymosterol (8) assumes equal importance.

PMID- 1102070
TI  - Neurological concepts of pain management in head and neck cancer.
AB  - The physiological basis, historical evolution, and our own practice of
      stereotactic surgery for the relief of cancer pain are briefly described. Thirty
      nine procedures have been performed on 33 patients, 27 for pain due to cancer.
      Lesions have been made both in the specific neospinothalamic pathway of midbrain
      and thalamus and in the non-specific reticulothalamic system with an overall five
      per cent mortality and five per cent morbidity. Initial pain relief was achieved
      in 90 per cent of patients with relief till death in 74 per cent. Lesions were
      more successful in releiving pain when the specific pain system was involved but
      only if the analgesia produced by the lesion "covered" the patient's pain. On the
      other hand, dysesthesia occurred only with lesions of the specific system,
      especially if they involved the thalamus.

PMID- 1102071
TI  - Atrophic rhinitis: Proplast as an implant material in surgical treatment.
AB  - The use of Proplast as an implant material is described in the treatment of
      atrophic rhinitis. It offers an alterantive implant material to bone graft
      obtained from the patient. There is no resutling morbidity in relationship to a
      donor site.

PMID- 1102072
TI  - Inhibition of oxidative metabolism in Escherichia coli by d-camphor and
      restoration of oxidase activity by quinones.
AB  - Oxidative metabolism in whole cells of Escherichia coli strain 82/r was inhibited
      by d-camphor when glucose, pyruvate, or succinate was used as substrate.
      Inhibition was not due to lower surface tension in d-camphor-treated cell
      suspensions nor was it a function of cell permeability. Succinic, lactic, and
      NADH-oxidase activities were inhibited in alumina powder cell-free extracts (80
      mug of protein/ml) by d-camphor (1100 mug/ml). NADH: and succinic: DCPIP
      oxidoreductase enzymes were unaffected by d-camphor. Menadione (vitamin K3)
      restored succinic, lactic, and NADH-oxidase activities in d-camphor-inhibited
      cell-free extracts. Concentrations of menadione used to restore succinic and NADH
      oxidase activities were not stimulatory in non-camphor-treated extracts. Succinic
      oxidase activity in d-camphor-inhibited cell-free extracts was also restored by
      ubiquinone (Q6) but not by vitamin K1. These results are interpreted to indicate
      that d-camphor may affect quinone function in E. coli.

PMID- 1102073
TI  - The influence of hydrostatic pressure upon biochemical activities of
      heterotrophic bacteria.
AB  - Heterotrophic terrestrial and marine bacterial protein synthetic rates decrease
      by about 16% of the 1-atm rate for every 100 atm of pressure increment, within
      the pressure range of 1 to 500 atm. It is proposed that protein synthesis is nore
      severely inhibited by pressure than are other anabolic or catabolic reactions.

PMID- 1102074
TI  - Osler's favourite book.

PMID- 1102075
TI  - Europeans and the spina bifida problem.

PMID- 1102076
TI  - Letter: Sherlock Holmes and syphilis.

PMID- 1102077
TI  - Physicians in literature. Part I; John McCrae, physician, soldier, poet.

PMID- 1102078
TI  - The natural history of neuroses: problems of methods and substance.

PMID- 1102079
TI  - Physiological and psychological effects of alpha and EMG feedback training with
      college drug users: a pilot study.
AB  - Twenty-four volunteer college students who were regular drug users were randomly
      allocated to three training groups of equal size: alpha feedback, EMG feedback
      and a joked control group. The subjects were unaware of which feedback condition
      they received and were asked to practise at home during a six-month follow-up
      period in order to achieve a relaxed state similar to that experienced during
      training. No group was successful in retaining gains made in their alpha levels
      during each session, but the EMG group significantly reduced their muscular
      activity during training and retained the improvement during follow-up. The alpha
      and joked groups did not greatly improve their EMG during training but at follow
      up achieved the same levels as the EMG group. There was evidence to suggest that
      a reduction in drug use among light and medium users was maintained during follow
      up. Significant and lasting improvements were made by each group in the duration
      and quality of their sleep and anxiety levels were reduced.

PMID- 1102080
TI  - The psychological aspects of chronic hemodialysis.

PMID- 1102081
TI  - D. Campbell Meyers, M.D., L.R.C.P., M.R.C.S. (Eng.) 1863-1927, pioneer of
      Canadian general hospital psychiatry.
AB  - The paper describes the pioneering contributions of Dr. D. Campbell Meyers (1863-
      1927) to general hospital psychiatry during the first decade of this century at
      the Toronto General Hospital where, between 1906 - 1911, he operated the first
      public general hospital psychiatric unit in Canada. His conflict with Dr. C. K.
      Clarke who opposed his efforts is documented. To honour Meyers' contributions the
      Department of Psychiatry, Toronto General Hospital, has been named "The D.
      Campbell Meyers Memorial Department of Psychiatry".

PMID- 1102082
TI  - Clinical studies of methanol extraction residue fraction of Bacillus Calmette
      Guerin as an immunostimulant in patients with advanced cancer.
AB  - Forty patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, all previous chemotherapy
      failures, were treated with a methanol extraction residue of Bacillus Calmette
      Guerin (MER) alone, administered intradermally in either weekly or every-4-week
      schedules. The only significant side effect was local cutaneous reaction ranging
      from papules through pustules to draining ulcerations. On the weekly schedule
      these reactions frequently reached a point of clinical intolerability. In spite
      of the advanced nature of their disease, 29% of the patients had increased
      reactivity to recall antigens; 57% showed an increased reaction to
      dinitrochlorobenzene challenge during MER therapy; 38% had significant increases
      in lymphocyte blastogenesis to phytohemagglutinin mitogen, 48% to concanavalin A,
      and 43% to pokeweed mitogen. Increases (greater than 25%) in immunoglobulins A,
      M, and G were also observed in 31, 41, and 28% of patients, respectively. MER
      therapy was associated with increased thymus-derived (T) and bone marrow-derived
      (B) cells and an increased ratio of T-cells to B-cells. Increases in those
      determinants reflecting cellular immunity (skin tests, phytohemagglutinin and
      concanavalin A blastogenesis, and T-cells) showed a positive correlation with
      patient survival. Increases in those determinants associated with humoral
      immunity (pokeweed mitogen blastogenesis, immunoglobulins, and B-cells) had, if
      anything, a negative survival correlation. In comparing administration schedules,
      the weekly method produced more frequent increases in dinitrochlorobenzene
      response, more rapid increases with higher peaks in lymphocyte blastogenesis
      transformation, and more frequent increases in circulating T- and B-cells. The
      every-4-week method was associated with significantly greater frequencies of
      increases in immunoglobulins A and M. Of 36 patients with measurable disease, 3
      showed greater than 50% objective responses, 2 showed a 25 to 50% response, and 1
      showed a mixed response. MER is a potent simulus to cellular and humoral immunity
      in the patient with advanced gastrointestinal cancer. This stimulation may
      occasionally result in a clinically evident antineoplastic effect.

PMID- 1102083
TI  - The clinical impact of screening and other experimental tumor studies.

PMID- 1102084
TI  - The potential of combined modality approaches for the treatment of malignant bone
      tumors in children.

PMID- 1102085
TI  - The significance of the circulating cancer cell.

PMID- 1102086
TI  - Current therapies in osteosarcoma.

PMID- 1102087
TI  - Hormonal therapy of breast cancer.

PMID- 1102088
TI  - Infections in cancer patients.

PMID- 1102089
TI  - Studies in pericardial function. I. Cardiovascular effects of assisted
      ventilation, thoracotomy and pericardiectomy in the anesthetized dog.
AB  - In anesthetized dogs, initially breathing spontaneously, the effects of
      intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), thoractomy and pericardiectomy
      on cardiac function, pericardial-ventricular relationships and cardiopulmonary
      volumes were evaluated. After IPPV stroke volume and work decreased. After
      thoracotomy there was no further change in cardiac output or work.
      Pericardiectomy superimposed at this point had no clear-cut effect. End-diastolic
      transmural pressures (ventricular minus pericardial) and cardiopulmonary volumes
      were not altered at any stage of the study. In the ventilated open-chest dog the
      effects of IPPV are greater than those of thoracotomy, and the extent of the
      effects is related to the level of IPPV. With moderate IPPV and adequate
      ventilation, the systemic hypotension, marked decreases in cardiac output and
      reduction of heart volumes reported by previous investigators can be avoided. The
      removal of the pericardium does not appear to have any deleterious effect in the
      normal dog.

PMID- 1102090
TI  - [30-years of Charles' University Medical School in Pilsen].

PMID- 1102092
TI  - [30-years of Czechoslovak hygiene and epidemiology].

PMID- 1102091
TI  - [Experience with renal transplantation (author's transl)].

PMID- 1102093
TI  - [Genetics in psychiatry - past and present concepts (author's transl)].

PMID- 1102094
TI  - [Some medical aspects in the work of Lukretius (97 - 55 avant j.c.) (author's
      transl)].

PMID- 1102095
TI  - [Development of nutrition research in Czechoslovakia during the last 30 years].

PMID- 1102096
TI  - [30 years of nutrition research in Slovakia].

PMID- 1102097
TI  - [Zybelins care of new-born children and suckling (author's transl)].

PMID- 1102098
TI  - [70th birthday of assistand Prof. V. Raclavsky m.d].

PMID- 1102099
TI  - [30 years of Czechoslovak nephrology].

PMID- 1102100
TI  - [Achievements and development of Czechoslovak ophthalmology in the past 30
      years].

PMID- 1102101
TI  - [Essential colinephospholipids -- an effective and expedient means of hepatic
      cirrhos freatment (author's transl)].

PMID- 1102102
TI  - [30 years of pediatrics].

PMID- 1102103
TI  - Glucose dependent alterations of mitochondrial ultrastructure and enzyme content
      in mouse pancreatic islets maintained in tissue culture: a morphometrical and
      biochemical study.
AB  - Isolated islets of Langerhans from mice were maintained in tissue culture for one
      week at either a high (28 mM) or a low (3.3 mM) extracellular glucose
      concentration. Electron microscopic morphometry by means of stereological methods
      revealed a much greater volume of mitochondria in islet cells cultured at low
      glucose than in those cultured at high glucose. The former islets also showed a
      higher activity of the mitochondrial marker enzyme, L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA
      dehyrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.35). These results indicate a true mitochondrial
      hypertrophy at the low glucose concentration. Although it is known from previous
      studies that the islet cell  metabolism is diminished after low-glucose culture,
      the present observations of an increased mitochondrial volume probably do not
      reflect a degenerative process, but rather adaptive changes towards oxidation of
      energy yielding substrates other than glucose.

PMID- 1102104
TI  - Pancreatic islet cytology of Ictaluridac (Teleostei).
AB  - The endocrine pancreas of the bullhead catfish, Ictalurus nebulosus, and the
      channel catfish, I. punctatas was studied by light and electron microscopy. In
      addition to the usual A, B and D cells, a fourth endocrine cell type was
      consistently observed in the electron microscope. All endocrine cell types were
      innervated. The vesicles of most of the nerve endings were ultrastructurally
      different from typical adrenergic and cholinergic vesicles, strongly suggesting
      the possibility of a third autonomic neurotransmitter serving as a regulator of
      catfish islet secretion.

PMID- 1102105
TI  - Time of fixation and the localization of Gomori-positive and neurophysin
      containing structures in the rat hypothalamus.
AB  - Rats were decapitated and the complete head stored at 4 degrees C. At various
      time intervals, up to a maximum of 14 days, the brains and pituitary glands were
      removed and fixed in formalin-picric acid. Neurosecretory material (NSM), as
      revealed with crotonaldehyde fuchsin, and neurophysin as demonstrated by means of
      immunoperoxidase histochemistry were localized in the hypothalamic magnocellular
      nuclei, median eminence and posterior pituitary gland. NSM and neurophysin were
      present in the paraventricular (PVN) and supra-optic (SON) nuceli up to periods
      of 14 days although the cellular morphology was disrupted after about 4 days.
      After 4 days there was an abundance of positive staining "droplets" in both the
      SON, PVN and along the nerve fibers of the supraoptico-neurohypophysial tract.
      Pituitary gland NSM and neurophysin were still present 14 days post mortem. The
      slab gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis pattern of soluble proteins
      extracted from the posterior pituitary gland from the experimental and normal
      animals showed almost complete identity confirming the minimal action of
      proteolytic enzymes at 4 degrees C up to a period of 6 days. It is concluded that
      as long as the tissue is cooled, rapid fixation of hypothalamic tissue is not
      essential for the localization of NSM and neurophysin.

PMID- 1102106
TI  - Oxytocinase-immunohistochemical demonstration in the immature and term human
      placenta.
AB  - Oxytocinase (cystine aminopeptidase) was purified from human retroplacental serum
      by a combination of fractional precipitation, hydroxylapatite chromatography and
      gel exlusion chromatography on Sephadex G-200. The purified enzyme possessed a
      specific activity of 980 mIU/mg using L-cystine-di-p-nitroanilide as substrate.
      This represented a 3200 fold concentration from the starting material in an
      overall yield of 12%. Antibodies against oxytocinase were raised in rabbits and
      the gamma-globulins fraction labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate prior to
      its use in the immunofluorescence histochemical localization of the enzyme in
      human placental tissue. Oxytocinase was confined to the syncytiotrophoblastic
      cells of normal term, and immature placentas as well as in placentas from
      patients suffering from severe toxaemia. Specific immunofluorescence was also
      present in the outer margins of the chorion and to a lesser extent in the amnion.

PMID- 1102108
TI  - Types and distribution of lamellar bodies in first cleavage Xenopus embryos.
AB  - Lamellar bodies in first cleavage Xenopus laevis embryos have been examined with
      the electron microscope. Based on the arrangement and relative thickness of the
      lamellae, three types of lamellar bodies have been identified. In the first type,
      a band of two to ten lamellae (spacing about 3.5 nm) was interwined at random.
      This type of lamellar body was seen closely associated with the concave or the
      forming face of the Golgi body and may have been derived from this organelle. The
      frequent association of these lamellar bodies with the growing cleavage furrow
      may suggest a transfer of materials from the Golgi body to the furrow through the
      lamellar bodies or their precursors. In the second type, typical myelin-like
      figures with a repeating distance of about 10 nm were located close to the furrow
      tip. In the third type, membrane whorls containing tetrads of lamellae
      (approximately 16 nm thickness) were seen associated with lipid droplets. If the
      lamellar bodies observed in this study were formed during fixation then the
      appearance of three different types after the same fixation procedure would
      indicate the presence of a similar number of pools of precursor materials which
      differ in their chemical composition and distribution in the embryo.

PMID- 1102107
TI  - Histochemical and electron microscopy investigations on medullary bone.
AB  - Folliculin administration to pigeons stimulates the development of medullary bone
      in marrow spaces of the femora and other long bones. It is a specialized osseus
      tissue not devoted to mechanical functions and which is rapidly reabsorbed before
      egg-shell formation. Medullary bone is formed and reabsorbed in the same way as
      other types of bone. Consequently, because of its very rapid rate of formation
      and resorption, it represents an ideal tissue for studying osteoblastic,
      osteoclastic and osteocytic activity, and the calcification process. Medullary
      bone is deeply stained by PAS, Alcian blue and colloidal iron and is
      metachromatic after toluidine blue staining. This shows that its interfibrially
      ground substance contains relatively high amounts of glycoproteins and acid
      proteoglycans. Calcification initially occurs in maxtrix vesicles (or calcifying
      globules) which are very numerous between the collagen fibrils of the osteoid
      tissue, and successively spreads into the surrounding interfibrillar matrix.
      Here, the crystals are closely related to thin, filament-like organic structures
      which seem to be components of ground substance proteoglycans. These findings
      confirm that in medullary bone, as in other types of calcifying tissue, the
      inorganic substances is initially laid down within calcifying globules and is
      successively closely related to organic, non-collagenous, filamentous organic
      structures (crystal ghosts) which probably represent a framework for calcium salt
      deposition.

PMID- 1102109
TI  - The cytocentrifuge for the isolation of parasites from the blood.

PMID- 1102110
TI  - Obituary Brendan Peter Berney.

PMID- 1102111
TI  - A new pattern of medical practice in Victorian Britain. Part III.

PMID- 1102112
TI  - Studies of mouse mitochondrial DNA in Escherichia coli: structure and function of
      the eucaryotic-procaryotic chimeric plasmids.
AB  - The mouse mitochondrial DNA genome has been cloned in Escherichia coli by linking
      it to the pSC101 plasmid replicon at cohesive-ended cleavage sites generated by
      Eco Rl restriction endonuclease. The four possible configurations of chimeric
      molecules that contain the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA in their
      native relationship were distinguished by Hind III restriction endonuclease
      digestion and electron microscopic heteroduplex analysis. Chimeric molecules
      utilize the pSC101 replication origin and do not maintain the "D-loop" region or
      the low frequency of ribonucleotides found in native mitochondrial DNA.
      Hybridization of the RNA synthesized in E. coli minicells carrying the four types
      of chimeras indicates that transcription occurs predominately on the light strand
      of the mitochondrial DNA in all cases. This result implies that initiation of RNA
      synthesis occurs within the mitochondrial DNA segment. Although specific
      polypeptide synthetis is directed by the mitochondrial DNA segment of each of the
      chimeras in E. coli minicells, the molecular weight distribution of the
      polypeptides synthesized consists primarily of low molecular weight species and
      thus differs from that observed in mitochondria in mouse L cells.

PMID- 1102113
TI  - The role of macrophages in the amplified in vitro response to sheep red blood
      cells by spleen cells from Corynebacterium parvum treated mice.

PMID- 1102114
TI  - In vitro anti-hapten response to a lactoside-conjugated protein.

PMID- 1102115
TI  - Problems encountered in the preparation of migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and
      mitogenic factor (MIT) from phytomitogen-stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes
      and in the preparation of MIF from human lymphoid cell lines (LCL).

PMID- 1102116
TI  - Production and in vivo effect of antibodies against guinea pig lymphokines.

PMID- 1102117
TI  - The cellular and humoral immune response to Schistosoma mansoni infections in
      inbred rats. I. Mechanisms during initial exposure.

PMID- 1102118
TI  - [30 years of Czechoslovak pharmaceutic services in the liberated republic].

PMID- 1102119
TI  - [The 75th birthday of the director of the Institute for Continuing Medical and
      Pharmaceutical Education in Prague Prof. Jan Knobloch, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1102120
TI  - [30-years of liberated pharmaceutical studies and education].

PMID- 1102121
TI  - [Activity of the Czechoslovak Pharmaceutical Society in 1974].

PMID- 1102122
TI  - [60th birthday of Prof. Frantisek Santavy].

PMID- 1102123
TI  - [In memory of Jiri Jakes, Phar. M].

PMID- 1102124
TI  - [New facta on digestive enzymes biochemistry (author's transl)].

PMID- 1102125
TI  - [30-years in the development of physiological centers in Bohemia and Moravia
      since 1945].

PMID- 1102126
TI  - [The 65th birthday of Assistant Prof. Karel Obrda, C.Sc].

PMID- 1102127
TI  - [The 50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Milan Tuhacek, C.Sc].

PMID- 1102128
TI  - [In memory of Academician Alexandr Ivanovic Arutiunov].

PMID- 1102129
TI  - [The 50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Leodegard Ciganek, D.Sc].

PMID- 1102130
TI  - [The 75th birthday of Prof. Miloslav Matousek, M.D., D.S.c].

PMID- 1102131
TI  - [Historical methods in social medicine. Comments on the definition of subject,
      methods and significance of the history of public health and social medicine].

PMID- 1102132
TI  - [Double anniversary of Oskar Lovy, M.D].

PMID- 1102133
TI  - [Methods of roentgen examination at kidney transplantation in clinical practice
      (author's transl)].

PMID- 1102134
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Alfred Belan, M.D., D.Sc].

PMID- 1102136
TI  - [65th birthsay of Chief Physician Richard Zemanek M.D].

PMID- 1102135
TI  - [50th birthday of Assistant Prof. Karel Hoffmann M.D].

PMID- 1102137
TI  - Interaction of 2-hydroxyamino-1,4-naphthoquinone with nucleic acid and its
      biological actions.

PMID- 1102138
TI  - Studies on peptides. LI. Application of the solid phase synthesis for the
      preparation of pro-analogues of LH and FSH releasing hormone.

PMID- 1102139
TI  - Aliphatic dehydroxylation of octopamine in the rat and rabbit.

PMID- 1102140
TI  - Synthesis of some di- and tri-substituted analogs of luteinizing hormone
      releasing hormone (LH-RH).

PMID- 1102141
TI  - Digitalis and William Withering, the clinical investigator.

PMID- 1102142
TI  - Observer agreement in evaluating coronary angiograms.
AB  - The reliability of interpretation of coronary arteriography as a diagnostic tool
      was investigated in a sub-study of the VA Cooperative Study of Surgical Treatment
      for Coronary Arterial Occlusive Disease. Twenty-two physicians with varying
      levels of experience read 13 cine angiograms -- blind -- on two different
      occasions. Analysis of inter- and intraobserver variability showed that
      angiographic items about which observers were most inconsistent from one reading
      to the other had the largest interobserver disagreement as well. They were the
      distal portions of the left anterior descending and left circumflex arteries.
      Among the items on which there was most consistent agreement -- namely, the right
      main coronary artery and presence of ventricular aneurysm -- there was most often
      agreement between observers as well. When individual readers were evaluated, some
      observers were far more consistent in their own readings of all the angiographic
      items than others. This intraobserver agreement in turn correlated fairly well
      with how often they agreed with the other observers and with how much experience
      they reported having in reading coronary cineangiograms.

PMID- 1102143
TI  - Profile of high risk in people known to have coronary heart disease: A review.
AB  - A review of the current literature of the high-risk factors associated with
      cardiac morbidity and mortality in patients with established coronary heart
      disease is presented. Univariate risk factors include age, comorbidity,
      characteristics of the index coronary event, electrocardiographic findings
      including ventricular premature beats and response to exercise tests,
      angiographic severity of the coronary disease, cigarette smoking, psychosocial
      status, and the chronometric interval after the index coronary event.
      Multivariate analysis of risk factor combinations is discussed. Risk reduction
      requires not only an understanding of the clinical course of a disease process,
      but also, modification of the amenable factors which contribute to excess risk of
      death.

PMID- 1102144
TI  - Prodromal symptoms and signs of sudden death.

PMID- 1102145
TI  - Time, place, event of sudden death.
AB  - Sudden death, known since antiquity, is almost always due to cardiovascular
      disorder, but not exclusively to coronary artery disease. It is postulated that
      two processes, action of pre-existing risk factors (enlarged heart, abnormal
      conduction, extra systoles, ischemia) and new, untoward events (acute infarction
      or ischemia) culminate in the catastrophic event. Sudden death is apparently most
      likely during waking hours; sleep is a lesser risk. Which subjects are at
      greatest risk and which circumstances are most dangerous remain unknown and are
      important topics for further investigation.

PMID- 1102146
TI  - Problems in design and evaluation of antiarrhythmia trials.

PMID- 1102147
TI  - Nasal hyposensitization and hay fever.
AB  - A clinical trial of pre-seasonal hyposensitization with intra-nasal grass pollen
      extract was carried out in forty-two patients. Results were assessed
      subjectively, by clinical examination during the pollen season, and by
      measurements of nasal air flow. Useful relief of symptoms was considered to have
      occurred in fifteen out of twenty-one patients who had pre-seasonal treatment
      with pollen extract and in five out of twenty-one patients who had similar
      treatment with carbol saline as a placebo. Of twelve patients who were symptom
      free in the pollen season ten had nasal hyposensitization. It is concluded that
      this simple and safe method of treatment gives results comparable with those of
      pre-seasonal injections.

PMID- 1102148
TI  - Intranasal betamethasone valerate in the treatment of seasonal rhinitis.
AB  - Betamethasone valerate aerosol given in doses of 100 mug into each nostril twice
      daily was compared with a placebo in a double-blind, cross-over trial involving
      thirty patients with seasonal rhinitis. Patients recorded symptoms of eye
      irritation and watering, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, and nasal blockage, on a diary
      card. Analysis of the symptom scores showed that nasal symptoms were
      significantly better on betamethasone valerate than on placebo (P less than 0.01)
      and that nasal blockage in particular was improved (P less than 0.001). The
      patients' preference was significantly in favour of the active compound (p less
      than 0.02) and no side-effects were noted. It is concluded that betamethasone
      valerate offers a safe and effective form of treatment for seasonal rhinitis.

PMID- 1102149
TI  - The effect of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol on allergen induced nasal
      stenosis.
AB  - Nasal resistance to air flow has been used to evaluate the effect of
      beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol on allergen induced nasal stenosis. Sixteen
      patients with allergic rhinitis due to pollen were investigated in a randomized
      double-blind cross-over study with beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol and
      placebo aerosol. Only patients reacting to challenge were chosen. The study was
      carried out in the pollen-free season. After 1 week on either active or placebo
      aerosol a basic resistance value was determined followed by allergen challenge.
      Nasal resistance was determined 15 min and 7 hr after challenge. The aerosols
      were changed and after another week the procedure was repeated. There was
      significant preference (P less than 0.01) for beclomethasone dipropionate
      aerosol.

PMID- 1102150
TI  - Conjoined arterial anastomosis; an aid in revascularizing donor kidneys with
      multiple renal arteries.

PMID- 1102151
TI  - Clinical application of new antihypertensive drugs.

PMID- 1102152
TI  - Application of pepsin-digested horse antibodies for quantitative
      immunoelectrophoresis.
AB  - The majority of the precipitating antibodies in hyperimmune horse serum belong to
      the beta globulins, as demonstrated by reversed immunoelectrophoresis. As these
      antibodies migrate in agarose gel during electrophoresis in conventional pH = 8.6
      8.9 buffers, horse antiserum cannot be used satisfactorily for quantitative
      immunoelectrophoresis. On pepsin digestion of horse antiserum F(ab)' 2 fragments
      are generated which migrate with the gamma globulins. This cleaved product works
      well in quantitative immunoelectrophoretic techniques.

PMID- 1102153
TI  - [Some findings on the alpha subunit of glycoprotein hormones].

PMID- 1102154
TI  - [Clinical effects of estriol tripropionate in postsurgical ovarian dysfuntion--a
      study by a double-blind method].

PMID- 1102155
TI  - [Clinical effects of circuletin-F on peripheral circulation disorders in
      essential hypertension and cerebral arteriosclerosis -- study by a double-blind
      method].

PMID- 1102156
TI  - [Secretin and gastric pepsin secretion].

PMID- 1102157
TI  - Management of anal incontinence.

PMID- 1102158
TI  - Dermatological aspects of anorectal disease.

PMID- 1102159
TI  - Influence of adrenaline on the dissemination of antibody-producing cells from the
      spleen.
AB  - Plaque-forming cells (PFC) and rosette-forming cells (RFC) were quantificated in
      splenic venous and splenic arterial blood and in spleen suspensions of guinea
      pigs during a secondary immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC). The
      splenic veno-arterial differences in content of PFC and RFC were determined,
      indicating whether there had been a release of such cells from the spleen into
      the blood. The effect of an intracardial injection of adrenaline on the release
      of immune lymphocytes was investigated. In immunized control animals a splenic
      release of antigen-binding and antibody-forming cells was found, the release
      being restricted to the peak of the immune response in the spleen. However, after
      exogenous adrenaline a considerably increased release of both antigen-binding and
      antibody-forming cells occurred during a longer period of the immune response.
      Thus, adrenaline caused an enormous release of PFC from the spleen into the blood
      on day 4 of the secondary immune response, resulting in a diminished number of
      PFC remaining in the spleen after the treatment. A physiological significance of
      an adrenaline-induced dissemination of immune lymphocytes in the body during an
      immune response to a severe infectious disease is suggested.

PMID- 1102160
TI  - Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in young rats. Lymphocytes expel larval infections
      but not adult worms.
AB  - Young rats were not able to expel adult N. brasiliensis infections even when the
      worms were damaged by antibodies and the young rats were given all the cellular
      components (sensitized lymphocytes and bone marrow cells) shown to be necessary
      for the expulsion of antibody-damaged worms from adult rats. In contrast, most of
      the worms were expelled from young rats given sensitized lymph node cells on the
      day of a larval infection. These results show that the reduced ability of young
      rats to respond to infection by producing sensitized lymphocytes only partly
      explains their inability to expel the worms. It was not possible to explain the
      failure of young rats to expel adult worms by hypothesizing that they develop an
      active factor which prevents the cells from acting on the worms. It is also
      unlikely that worms persist in young rats because they differ in their
      susceptibility to cells compared with antibody-damaged worms from mature rats.
      This work suggests that the immune mechanism which affects the immature stages of
      this nematode may differ from that which controls the adult stages.

PMID- 1102161
TI  - The effect of human alpha 2-macroglobulin on the restoration of humoral
      responsiveness in x-irradiated mice.
AB  - The effect of human alpha 2-macroglobulin on the recovery of the humoral immune
      response in X-irradiated mice has been assessed by measurement of antibody
      forming cells in the spleen 5 days after challenge with sheep erythrocytes. The
      capacity of this protein to promote the recovery of immune responsiveness was
      variable, and appeared to be influenced by the strain and sex of the mice, and
      the dose of alpha2M given.

PMID- 1102162
TI  - Autoimmunity to sperm antigens in vasectomized men.
AB  - Sera from vasectomized men were tested for the presence of antibodies directed
      against sperm antigens. A high percentage (about 55%) of the vasectomized men
      developed agglutinating antibodies. A lower percentage (22%) also developed low
      titres of antibodies to human protamine, as detected in the indirect IFT on
      swollen sperm heads and 22% developed cytotoxic antibodies. A correlation was
      found between the presence of anti-protamine antibodies and the presence of
      agglutinating and of cytotoxic antibodies. This correlation, and also the fact
      that they developed after vasectomy, indicates that the formation of antibodies
      against human protamine is a result of an autoimmune response to spermatozoa. The
      indirect IFT was also performed on 'normal' unswollen spermatozoa. All the sera
      were positive at least on one of the sperm antigens located in the acrosome,
      equator, or post-nuclear region, but no increase nor decrease in titre was found
      after vasectomy.

PMID- 1102163
TI  - Observations in immunotherapy of lymphoma and melanoma patients.
AB  - Maintenance of remission solely by repeated BCG vaccinations in seven patients
      with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who had achieved a complete clinical remission with
      initial standard therapy has provided sufficient encouragement to begin a
      randomized clinical trial. In vitro lymphocyte responses to mitogens and PPD used
      as parameters of cell-mediated immunity have not proved to be of value in
      predicting early or late recurrence in six pre-trial and trial patients. Eight
      out of twenty-one patients with malignant melanoma have shown a satisfactory
      clinical response (10-34 months) to immunotherapy. Those who respond must show
      immunological reactivity to the stimulating agent, however the best clinical
      responses were not associated with the highest degrees of in vivo and in vitro
      sensitization. The skin reactivity and the in vitro lymphocyte response to PPD as
      well as a 2-3-fold increase in the appearance of colony-forming units in the
      peripheral blood following the intratumour injection of BCG or PPD are helpful in
      prognosis and management of these patients. All patients with malignant melanoma
      who presented with a PHA response less than 40% of normal made a poor response to
      immunotherapy. Autopsies performed on seven patients dying with extensive
      melanocarcinomatous disease failed to show any serious adverse toxic reactions or
      infections from oral and intratumour injections of BCG.

PMID- 1102164
TI  - Reversible granulocyte killing defect in anorexia nervosa.
AB  - Three patients are described with anorexia nervosa in whom malnutrition was
      present with neutropenia and a granulocyte bactericidal degect. Their peripheral
      blood granulocytes were found to have a reduced rate of killing of Staphylococcus
      aureus and E. coli in vitro. The opsonic activity of the patients' sera towards
      Staphylococcus aureus was normal. One of these patients had recurrent episodes of
      infection which stopped after she had gained 13 kg in weight. Clinical recovery
      was associated with a return of granulocyte function to normal. It is concluded
      that granulocyte bactericidal capacity towards a variety of bacteria may be
      reduced in patients with anorexia nervosa who have malnutrition. This type of
      acquired granulocyte bactericidal deficiency appears to be reversible.

PMID- 1102165
TI  - Surface markers on lymphocytes of multiple sclerosis patients.
AB  - Peripheral blood lymphocytes of twenty-two multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and
      thirty-five healthy controls were examined for the presence of surface markers
      characteristic for B lymphocytes (surface immunoglobulin, receptor for C3 (EAC),
      reporter for Fc (EA) and the spontaneous rosette-forming capacity characteristic
      of T cells. The results obtained indicate that the number of B and T cells in MS
      is similar to controls, as evaluated by the presence of surface immunoglobulin
      and E rosette-forming capacity. However, a statistically significant reduction in
      the percentage of lymphocytes bearing C3 receptors has been found in MS patients.
      It might have resulted from a reduction in the lymphocyte population bearing C3
      receptor but no surface immunoglobulin. The EA rosette test revealed the greatest
      difference between the groups. The difference indicated a reduction in the
      density of the receptor for 7S Fc on lymphocytes from MS patients. The results
      obtained are consistent with the hypothesis of an immune deficit in multiple
      sclerosis.

PMID- 1102166
TI  - An immunofluorescence study of warts.
AB  - An investigation of the incidence of wart virus-specific antibody and of virion
      antigens in patients with single or multiple warts taken from different
      anatomical sites showed that all warts did not contain antigen. The incidence was
      identical using either rabbit antiserum or human sera known to contain virus
      specific antibody. The warts from sole, heel and toe had a much higher incidence
      of stainable virus antigen. Virus-specific staining was mainly found in the
      keratinized and granular layers of the wart but occasional synthesis in prickle
      cell layer was observed. All the patients who had virus antigens in their warts
      did not have virus-specific antibodies but no patient who had antibody lacked
      antigen. Of the virus-specific antibodies, the IgM class was predominant; a
      smaller number also contained virus-specific IgG antibody; none had virus
      antigens and both classes of virus-specific antibody. A wart cell-specific IgM
      was also found along with virus-specific antibodies and independent of them. An
      IgM producing fibrillar Staining in human embryonic lung cells was noted in some
      sera.

PMID- 1102167
TI  - Smooth muscle antibody in patients with warts.
AB  - Sera from fifty-four patients with warts were tested for the presence of commonly
      found autoantibodies. Smooth muscle antibody (SMA) was detected at a
      significantly higher level than in a control group of healthy blood donors
      matched for age and sex, and was in the IgM class. The SMA-positive sera gave a
      microfilamentous staining pattern also in the IgM class, on fixed HEp2 tissue
      culture cells. Absorption of positive sera with smooth muscle removed both SMA
      staining and the anti-cellular staining.

PMID- 1102168
TI  - Hypochlorite-induced alterations to canine serum complement.
AB  - Changes in the concentration of the components of complement produced by NaOC1
      both in vitro and in vivo are recorded. C1, C4 and C7 are particularly sensitive
      to this oxidizing agent, although all components decrease at high concentrations
      of NaOC1. Following oxidation, complement componenets return rapidly to normal.
      Data are presented to indicate that part of this repair mechanism is due to the
      action of reducing agents such as ascorbic acid and part is due to the synthesis
      of the individual components. The unique sensitivity of complement components to
      oxidation make this treatment of potential value in suppressing the inflammatory
      response.

PMID- 1102169
TI  - Central and peripheral 'resetting' of the baroreceptor system.

PMID- 1102170
TI  - Two specific brainstem systems which regulate the blood pressure.

PMID- 1102171
TI  - Vasodilator nerves in regional circulatory control.

PMID- 1102172
TI  - Relationship between physical vascular properties and smooth muscle function: its
      importance for vascular control and reactivity.

PMID- 1102173
TI  - Muscle load and constriction of arteries.

PMID- 1102174
TI  - The role of prostaglandins in the local control of circulation.

PMID- 1102175
TI  - Renal cystic disease associated with tuberous sclerosis complex: renal failure
      treated by cadaveric kidney transplantation.
AB  - Chronic renal failure in patients with tuberous sclerosis may be secondary to
      diffuse cystic disease, a lesion less common than the better known hamartomatous
      angiomyolipomas. Uremia, in the case of a nineteen-year old female with end-stage
      renal disease, was associated with severely atrophic kidneys that contained
      numerous collapsed and scarred cysts. No hamartomas were present. The patient
      survived for more than three years following cadaveric renal transplantation.

PMID- 1102176
TI  - Drug metabolism in uremia.

PMID- 1102177
TI  - Investigations on Leydig cell function and regulation after renal
      transplantation.
AB  - The hypothalamic-hypophyseal-Leydig cell axis was investigated in 17 male
      patients following renal transplantation. Plasma levels of testosterone,
      luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were determined
      by radioimmunoassay under basal conditions and after stimulation with chorionic
      gonadotrophin (HCG) and hypothalamic releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH) respectively.
      The investigations were carried out one to five years after renal
      transplantation. It was demonstrated, that primary dysfunction of Leydig cells
      may occur after renal transplantation. In some cases however normal Leydig cell
      function with adequate testosterone secretion may return. It remains uncertain,
      whether the Leydig cell dysfunction is a result of preexisting toxic uremic
      damage or whether it is due to immunosuppressive therapy with prednisone and
      azathioprine.

PMID- 1102178
TI  - Fetal haemoglobin in homozygous sickle cell disease.
AB  - Synthesis of fetal haemoglobin is prolonged in homozygous sickle cell disease.
      Its intracellular distribution is irregular and red cells containing high levels
      of Hb F enjoy greater protection from sickling and subsequent destruction. This
      relationship is reflected in a number of associations between Hb F level and the
      haematological and clinical parameters of the disease. High fetal haemoglobin
      levels are associated with more normal red cell survival, more normal oxygen
      affinity, and more normal red cell characteristics whereas clinically they are
      associated with less evidence of vessel obstruction, persistence of splenomegaly,
      more normal skeletal development and body habitus, and a generally more benign
      clinical course. Attempts to prolong Hb F synthesis might therefore be expected
      to lead to amelioration of the clinical features of the disease. The factors
      leading to persistence of Hb F synthesis is SS disease are largely unknown
      although they appear to be operative as early as the first three months of life.

PMID- 1102179
TI  - Haemolysis due to pyruvate kinase deficiency and other glycolytic enzymopathies.

PMID- 1102180
TI  - Hereditary spherocytosis.

PMID- 1102181
TI  - Immune haemolytic disease: the autoimmune haemolytic anaemias.
AB  - The autoimmune haemolytic anaemias are common syndromes, with protean clinical
      features reflecting a variety of significant associated diseases. A diagnosis of
      this state should alert the clinician to the possibility of an aberrant immune
      mechanism. Years may elapse between development of the haemolytic process and the
      eventurl emergence of the entire disease pattern. The haemolytic anaemia should
      be considered as the easily diagnosed part of a complex, multisystem disease
      resulting from malfunction of the immune apparatus. Therapy can be exceedingly
      difficult. The following outline is suggested as a general approach: 1. Start
      prednisone 60 mg daily. If a therapeutic response occurs, continue this dosage
      until the haematocrit reaches 30 per cent. A slow but progressive reduction
      should then be initiated. 2. If prednisone dosages greater than 15 mg daily are
      required to maintain the remission, treat as a therapeutic failure. 3. If no
      response occurs after one week of prednisone, start azathioprine 2.0 to 2.5
      mg/kg. 4. If no response is apparent after two additional weeks (three weeks of
      prednisone), progressively reduce and eventually discontinue prednisone. 5. If no
      response occurs after a total of four weeks of azathioprine, one of two
      alternative therapies should be started: (a) perform splenectomy, or (b) increase
      azathioprine by 25 mg daily, every one to two weeks, until either a response
      occurs or reduced bone marrow function is observed. 6. If azathioprine and
      splenectomy both fail, experimental therapies such as antithymocyte antiserum or
      thymectomy should be considered. 7. Transfusions are to be used only as temporary
      paliation in life-threatening neurological or cardiovascular complications.

PMID- 1102182
TI  - Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria.

PMID- 1102183
TI  - The spleen and haemolytic disorders.

PMID- 1102184
TI  - Haematological aspects of malaria.

PMID- 1102185
TI  - Red-cell antigens, antibodies and their interaction.

PMID- 1102186
TI  - Diagnosis of haemolytic states.

PMID- 1102187
TI  - Inherited haemolytic states: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

PMID- 1102188
TI  - Definition, clinical features and diagnosis of polycythaemia vera.

PMID- 1102189
TI  - Definition, clinical features and diagnosis of myelobibrosis.

PMID- 1102190
TI  - Patho-anatomical features of the spleen and liver.

PMID- 1102191
TI  - Patho-anatomical features of the bone marrow.

PMID- 1102192
TI  - The peripheral blood in polycythaemia vera and myelofibrosis.

PMID- 1102193
TI  - Platelets in the myeloproliferative syndrome.

PMID- 1102194
TI  - Red cell kinetics.

PMID- 1102195
TI  - Iron kinetics.

PMID- 1102196
TI  - Inter-relationship between polycythaemia vera, leukaemia and myeloid metaplasia.

PMID- 1102197
TI  - Treatment of polycythaemia vera.

PMID- 1102198
TI  - Experimental myelofibrosis.

PMID- 1102199
TI  - Is intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa a pre-malignant lesion?

PMID- 1102200
TI  - Delayed exposed skin grafting in surgery for breast cancer and melanoma.

PMID- 1102201
TI  - Cerebral blood flow and its regulation.

PMID- 1102202
TI  - Guy L. Odom, M.D.: a biographical sketch.

PMID- 1102203
TI  - Bibliography of Dr. Guy L. Odom.

PMID- 1102204
TI  - Reconstructive intracranial vascular surgery for prevention of stroke.

PMID- 1102205
TI  - Monitoring of patients with head injuries.
AB  - A practical protocol for evaluating and monitoring head injured patients has been
      presented. It has been stressed that monitoring is an ongoing process which
      begins with the initial evaluation and continues throughout the patient's
      hospital stay. The level of monitoring and thus the parameters to be monitored
      are determined on an individualized basis according to the patient's clinical
      status and his level of stupor and coma. It has been suggested that for mild head
      injuries, adequate monitoring includes periodic evaluation of the neurological
      status and vital signs; but the more severely injured patients require extensive
      and frequent monitoring of a large number of clinical and physiological
      parameters. Among the many parameters, the continuous monitoring of ICP and the
      respiratory system are perhaps the most useful indicators of the patient's
      condition. Several methods for continuous ICP monitoring which are readily
      adaptable to most neurosurgical practices have been discussed. These include the
      intraventricular catheter, subarachnoid screw, and the closed Rickham reservoir
      connected to a ventricular catheter. In our institution, the Rickham reservoir
      has been used to monitor ICP and at the time of this report, satisfactory ICP
      recordings have been obtained in 27 of 30 head injury patients. Although this
      method requires a small surgical procedure, we believe that the decreased
      incidence of infection, the rapid access to ventricular fluid, and its potential
      for long term monitoring justify its use. Suggestions for monitoring other
      physiological parameters have also been presented. Particular emphasis has been
      placed on the management of infants and children with head injuries. The clinical
      entity of chronic subdural hematoma in infants and children has been used to
      illustrate the value of ICP monitoring as a guide to further treatment. Finally,
      we have briefly discussed the place of computers in day to day patient care,
      research, and monitoring.

PMID- 1102206
TI  - The neurosurgical intensive care unit of the future.

PMID- 1102207
TI  - The role of computers in neurosurgery.

PMID- 1102208
TI  - Ventilation of the neurosurgical patient.

PMID- 1102209
TI  - Cardiovascular monitoring in neurosurgery.

PMID- 1102210
TI  - Volume and pressure in the craniospinal axis.
AB  - Raised intracranial pressure is common in neurosurgical practice, but the
      clinical effects are variable. The factors which initiate intracranial
      hypertension are now fairly well established; the extent of the increase of
      intracranial pressure produced by any combination of these factors is a function
      of the volume-pressure status of the patient at that particular time and may be
      expressed in terms of brain clastance. The effects of raised intracranial
      pressure on the function of the brain are mediated through both changes in
      cerebral blood flow and brain shift or herniation. Understanding of these
      principles helps in selection of effective therapy for raised intracranial
      pressure. Ideal clinical management of raised intracranial pressure should be
      directed toward the identification of those situations in which intracranial
      pressure may become increased and should attempt to prevent intracranial
      hypertension before it actually occurs.

PMID- 1102211
TI  - Phenobarbital plasma levels in neonates.
AB  - This pilot study demonstrated marked variation in neonatal phenobarbital
      utilization. In order to rapidly achieve therapeutic levels, it is suggested that
      a loading dose of 8 to 10 mg per kg be administered for 2 days followed by
      reduction of dosage to a maintenance level of 5 to 6 mg per kg with frequent
      monitoring of plasma phenobarbital concentrations. The optimal plasma
      concentration of phenobarbital for control of neonatal seizures or withdrawal
      syndromes appeared to be between 15 to 30 mug per ml.

PMID- 1102212
TI  - Pathogenesis and management of edema in the newborn.

PMID- 1102213
TI  - Pharmacologic principles in neonatal drug therapy.

PMID- 1102214
TI  - Pharmacologic basis for antimicrobial therapy in newborn infants.

PMID- 1102215
TI  - Thyroid dysfunction in the neonatal period.

PMID- 1102216
TI  - Digoxin: placental transfer, effects on the fetus, and therapeutic use in the
      newborn.
AB  - Digoxin rapidly crosses the placenta and reaches equilibrium, with maternal and
      fetal sera having equal concentrations. Virtually nothing is known about the
      effects of transplacentally administered digoxin on the fetus. Toxicity has been
      reported in the fetus of a woman ingesting a huge overdose of digitoxin; the same
      result would be anticipated with digoxin poisoning. Serum levels in pregnant
      women receiving the standard dose of 0.25 mg tend to be subnormal and certain
      patients may require a small increase in dose during the last trimester. While
      the full-term neonate appears to tolerate relatively high doses and the resultant
      high serum levels, there is no compelling evidence that such doses are necessary
      or even useful. Since toxicity can and does occur in neonates, especially during
      administration of loading (digitalizing) doses, it is recommended that
      maintenance doses of 0.01 mg per kg per day be used routinely. If the full
      inotropic effect is needed immediately, a loading dose of 0.03 mg per kg may be
      employed. Maintenance therapy is then begun on the following day. Without a
      loading dose cumulation occurs for about 3 days; after 5 or so days, serum levels
      will equal those found after use of a loading dose followed by maintenance
      therapy. Results of a single study suggest that the daily dose should be divided
      and given every 12 hours. After about 1 week of therapy, the serum level should
      be determined and the dose modified to maintain a serum level of 1 to 2 ng per
      ml. If the therapeutic effect is less than desired, a cautions increase in dose
      to as high as 0.02 mg per kg per day or to that dose which produces serum levels
      up to 3 ng per ml can be tried. Certain infants appear to tolerate serum levels
      of 3.5 to 4 ng per ml but such infants must be closely monitored. There are no
      data which indicate that a greater inotropic response will occur at these high
      serum levels, though this point has not been definitively investigated, and is
      the highest priority question for research. The intramuscular route should be
      researved for the unusual situation. Vomiting should be considered an early sign
      of toxicity and may act as a "safety valve." When adminstered in solution (as in
      the elixir or solution for intravenous use), oral digoxin is rapidly absorbed an
      an inotropic response is found within minutes, reaching a peak within hours, so
      that little is gained by parenteral administration. If an inotropic effect is
      urgently needed, intravenous administration of ouabain will give an immediate
      response.

PMID- 1102217
TI  - Neonatal seizures and their treatment.

PMID- 1102218
TI  - Pharmacologic treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

PMID- 1102219
TI  - The bleeding newborn.

PMID- 1102221
TI  - Weight and weight gain in pregnancy.

PMID- 1102220
TI  - Vitamins and minerals in pregnancy.

PMID- 1102222
TI  - Protein metabolism during pregnancy.
AB  - Protein metabolism is altered during pregnancy to allow for an increased rate of
      tissue synthesis. These adjustments seem to be mediated primarily by hormonal
      changes. The observed nitrogen, and therefore protein, retention is in the order
      of 1.1 gm N per day during the last half of pregnancy. The theoretical gain of
      nitrogen in fetal and maternal accessory tissues is about 0.8 gm per day during
      the same period. Animal data and a few human studies suggest that the difference
      may be accounted for by maternal gain of fat-free tissue. The rate of nitrogen
      retention appears to increase by a factor of 3 from early to late pregnancy. The
      current NRC protein recommendation for pregnancy is 30 gm additional protein or
      1.3 gm per kg pregnant body weight. This allowance takes into consideration the
      low efficiency of protein utilization in the practical diets consumed by most
      pregnant women. The recommendation is made assuming that energy needs have been
      met. Within reasonable limits increased energy intakes will improve protein
      utilization. Some clinical surveys have noted a relationship between prenatal
      diet and infant size at birth, infant health in early life, pregnancy
      complications, and fertility rate; others have failed to find these associations.
      Supplements of food given to pregnant women in an attempt to improve outcome are
      associated with significant improvement in poorly nourished women but less impact
      in more well nourished women. When healthy pregnant women eat to appetite, the
      protein and energy intakes seem to be comparable to the current NRC
      recommendations.

PMID- 1102223
TI  - Iron and folic acid deficiency in pregnancy.

PMID- 1102224
TI  - Vitamin passage across the placenta.
AB  - A pregnant woman who has adequate nutrition available in the form of a standard
      diet will provide the vitamins required by the fetus for normal development.
      Active transport of the water-soluble vitamins plus easy oral absorption after
      birth insure nutritional sufficiency at any gestational age. The fat-soluble
      vitamins which have a much slower transfer rate as the result of facilitated
      diffusion do not achieve the same degree of storage in the developing fetus.
      Thus, the premature infant who has decreased stores and who may have impaired
      oral absorption initially may become deficient in a fat-soluble vitamin (A, D, E,
      K) during the first 4 to 6 weeks of life. Oral or possibly parenteral
      supplementation following birth, however, would seem more appropriate than
      subtoxic doses administered to the mother prenatally.

PMID- 1102225
TI  - Identification of nutritional deficiency and failure to thrive in the newborn.

PMID- 1102226
TI  - Nutrition for the low birth weight infant.
AB  - Satisfactory nutrition of the low birth weight infant concerns the nurse,
      obstetrician, pediatrician, and nutritionist. It may be that at present the most
      satisfactory feeding for the low birth weight infants is human milk. Such factors
      as protein quantity and quality, fat quantity and quality, immune factors, and
      osmolar factors may be uniquely suitable for the human infant regardless of his
      weight. Because of present limitations in the availability of fresh human milk,
      infant formulas have been adopted with reasonable success in the nutriture of the
      low birth weight infant. Those formulas which most nearly simulate human milk are
      most widely used. Broad outlines for the composition of these formulas have been
      given. Regardless of the availability and ease of administration of either human
      milk or formula, it is unlikely that any form of external nutriture can equal the
      advantages provided by intrauterine growth. Until better methods are devised for
      prolonging intrauterine growth, presently available feeding regimens should be
      considered experimental and in a state of flux.

PMID- 1102227
TI  - Maternal nutrition in lactation.

PMID- 1102228
TI  - Nutritional management of infants with inborn metabolic errors.
AB  - Inborn errors of metabolism can dramatically manifest themselves in the new born
      period or remain completely undetected. Awareness on the part of the physician,
      with every attempt being made to arrive at an early diagnosis, is the basis for a
      favorable outcome. Many approaches to therapy are possible but the most
      frequently used is that of substrate restriction in the form of dietary control.
      Frequent monitoring of growth as well as of plasma biochemical analysis can
      result in adequate nutritional status as well as in normal development.

PMID- 1102229
TI  - Infant nutrition.
AB  - Although most physicians agree that human milk is superior to artificial feeding,
      the latter is far more popular in well developed countries. There are various
      reasons for the decrease in breast feeding but a major factor has been the
      introduction of a variety of simple, safe milk and milk-substitute formulas. The
      healthy full-term infant will thrive on any of a number of properly prepared
      formulas as well as human milk. Mothers should be encouraged to breast feed by
      the obstetrician and pediatrician, but should not be made to feel guilty if they
      do not. Regardless of the method used for feeding, proper instruction is
      mandatory. A practical approach to the management of breast feeding is presented,
      as is a guide to artificial feeding. A brief review of the full-term infant's
      nutritional requirements is given together with a comparison of human milk, cow's
      milk, and commercially prepared feeding products. The availability and use of the
      specialized formulas is also included.

PMID- 1102230
TI  - Increased arachidonate in lipids after administration to man: effects on
      prostaglandin biosynthesis.
AB  - Ethyl arachidonate was administered orally to 4 healthy male volunteers in a dose
      of 6 gm daily for a 2 to 3 wk period after 10-day control period. The increased
      intake of this precursor of the dienoic prostaglandins resulted in significant
      increases in the relative and absolute amount of arachidonate in plasma
      triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. Similar changes in lipid
      composition were noted in platelets. The excretion of 7alpha-hydroxy-5,11
      diketotetranoprostane-1,16-dioic acid, the major urinary metabolite of E
      prostaglandins in man, was increased by an average of 47% in 3 of the 4
      volunteers. Platelet reactivity was assessed by determining the threshold
      concentration of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) necessary to induce secondary,
      irreversible aggregation of platelet-rich plasma. This threshold concentration
      dropped significantly in all volunteers (10% to 60% of control values). It is
      concluded that the biosynthesis and function of prostaglandins can be augmented
      in man by oral administration of an esterified precursor fatty acid.

PMID- 1102231
TI  - Nefopam and morphine in man.
AB  - A new analgesic, nefopam, is chemically distinct and pharmacologically unrelated
      to any presently known analgesic. A comparison was made of morphine and nefopam
      in 74 patients who required parenteral analgesia for moderate to severe
      postoperative and somatic pain, using a single administration, 2-dose level,
      double-blind design. A significant dose-response curve was obtained with nefopam
      and with morphine, and there was no significant deviation from parallelism. The
      time-effect curves for the 2 drugs were similar. The estimated relative potency
      of nefopam to morphine indicates that 20 mg of nefopam HCl is the approximate
      analgesic equal of 12 mg of morphine SO4. There were no adverse effects with
      nefopam and one adverse reaction to morphine.

PMID- 1102232
TI  - Butorphanol and pentazocine in patients with severe postoperative pain.
AB  - Either butorphanol tartrate (1, 2, or 4 mg) or pentazocine (30 or 60 mg) was
      given intramuscularly (5 dose groups) to 262 patients, who were scheduled for
      major operations, if they had severe pain after full awakening in the recovery
      room, postoperatively under double-blind conditions. There were at least 50
      patients in each of the five dosage groups. Pain intensity and relief were scored
      numerically for each treated patient at 1/2 1, 2, 3 and 4 hr, while under direct
      surveillance, and the patients were seen again for follow-ups during the first 24
      hr postoperatively. Appreciable pain relief developed within 30 min at all dose
      levels, with a peak analgesic effect apparent at about 1 hr. Satisfactory relief
      persisted for 4 hr in the majority of patients in each group. With the lowest
      dose of butorphanol tartrate (1 mg), which gave good pain relief for only 2 to 4
      hr, approximately 60% of the patients had to be remedicated within 4 hr. Vital
      signs were not appreciably affected, but the patients who received the high dose
      of analgesics (butorphanol tartrate 4 mg or pentazocine lactate 60 mg) were often
      quite drowsy. The incidence of other side effects was negligible. The relative
      potency assay showed that butorphanol was approximately 20 times as potent as
      pentazocine for up to 4 hr.

PMID- 1102233
TI  - Oral benzquinamide in the treatment of nausea and vomiting.
AB  - The clinical antiemetic effect of bezquinamide by oral route at a dosage of 100
      mg 3 times daily was evaluated by a controlled double-blind method in 183 studies
      of patients treated with 5-fluorouracil. The incidence of nausea and vomiting in
      benzquinamide-treated patients was equal to that in placebo-treated patients and
      significantly higher than that in patients treated with prochlorperazine, 10 mg 3
      times daily. Sedation was the only significant side effect observed, and this
      occurred at essentially equal rates in benzquinamide- and prochlorperazine
      treated patients.

PMID- 1102234
TI  - A comparison of fenfluramine and amphetamine in man.
AB  - dl-Fenfluramine hydrochloride (60, 120, 240 mg), d-amphetamine sulfate (20, 40
      mg), and placebo were compared in 8 postaddict volunteers, each dose given orally
      in random sequence at weekly intervals using a double-blind crossover design.
      Fenfluramine had little effect on blood pressure and temperature, but caused a
      marked dilation of pupils, whereas amphetamine was a potent vasopressor and a
      weak mydriatic. While fenfluramine produced euphoria in some subjects, its
      overall effects were unpleasant, sedative, and qualitatively different from
      amphetamine. Three subjects given 240 mg of fenfluramine experienced brief but
      vivid hallucinogenic episodes characterized by olfactory, visual, and somatic
      hallucinations, abrupt polar changes in mood, time distortion, fleeting paranoia,
      and sexual ideation. These observations indicate that fenfluramine is a
      hallucinogenic agent with a pharmacologic profile in man that is not amphetamine
      like.

PMID- 1102235
TI  - Duration of hydralazine action in hypertension.
AB  - The effect on blood pressure of giving hydralazine orally, 300 mg per day divided
      into 2, 3, and 4 doses, was studied in 4 hypertensive patients. There was no
      significant difference in average mean arterial pressure for the 3 regimens.
      Fluctuations of mean arterial pressure with time were not significantly different
      for the regimens as indicated by coefficient of variation. The mean coefficient
      of variation for the 2 days prior to initiation of hydralazine dosing was 4.0% +/
      0.3 (SEM) and for the 3 dosing regimens ranged from 4.1% to 4.8%. Heart rate was
      used as an index of vasodilator-induced increase in sympathetic tone and
      therefore as a measure of possible side effects. Fluctuations in heart rate were
      small and were not associated with symptoms. After discontinuation of
      hydralazine, the time for blood pressure to return halfway between initial
      placebo value and end treatment value varied from 30 to 140 hr. A tracer dose of
      hydralazine 14C. HCl was administered intravenously to the patients. The urinary
      excretion of 14C showed a multiexponential pattern of elimination with a
      previously undescribed prolonged terminal phase. Under the conditions of the
      present study, a daily dose of 300 mg of hydralazine was as effective and free of
      side effects given in 2 as in 4 divided doses.

PMID- 1102236
TI  - Occurrence, transport, and storage of octopamine in human thrombocytes.
AB  - 3H-octopamine was found to be accumulated in human platelets, achieving a maximum
      concentration gradient of 30:1. Its accumulation was partially inhibited by
      reserpine, imipramine, serotonin, ouabain, dinitrophenol, and iodoacetate. When
      octopamine was added to platelet preparations, it led to a decrease of both
      endogenous and 14C-serotonin. To determine whether octopamine accumulates in
      human platelets in vivo, preparations from 6 patients receiving monoamine oxidase
      inhibitors and 17 control subjects were assayed enzymatically for octopamine.
      Octopamine was detectable in all of the drug-treated patients, averaging 0.45 +/-
      0.06 ng/mg protein, while only 4 of the 17 control subjects had detectable
      (greater than 0.05 ng/mg protein) platelet octopamine. Although much lower than
      platelet serotonin levels, these octopamine levels are in the range of those
      reported for platelet norepinephrine and epinephrine.

PMID- 1102237
TI  - Clinical trials of drugs from the viewpoint of the academic investigator (a
      satire).
AB  - Dr. Lasagna was unable to attend the workshop in person, and therefore delivered
      his remarks by videotape, in the assumed role of the newest "Secretary of Human
      Experimentation" at the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare addressing a
      public television audience. There is no difficulty in sensing the serious truths
      underlying the satire in his address.

PMID- 1102238
TI  - Clinical trials of drugs from the viewpoint of the Food and Drug Administration.

PMID- 1102239
TI  - Clinical trials of drugs from the viewpoint of the pharmaceutical industry.

PMID- 1102240
TI  - Panel 1: phase I investigations.

PMID- 1102241
TI  - Panel 2: phase II investigations.
AB  - At the end of Phase II, a decision must be made as to whether or not the drug
      should be developed as a therapeutic agent. Such a decision may be based on many
      criteria in addition to the scientific data derived from the Phase II study. At
      this point, expert judgment is needed. One should like to assume that if the
      decision is made to proceed with the increasingly expensive and laborious process
      of further development, the drug will, barring some completely unforeseen
      misadventure, ultimately find its way into clinical therapeutics. Phase II
      studies, therefore, are the most crucial stage in the course of drug development.
      Planning of these studies requires great care and investigators of the highest
      caliber should be used for their conduct. The escalating costs of new drug
      development are resulting in an undesirable imbalance of efforts in the direction
      of studies characterized more by easily defined end points than by therapeutic
      needs. Industry, academia, and the FDA must all be concerned with facilitationg
      studies in areas of most-needed therapeutic advances.

PMID- 1102242
TI  - Panel 3: phase III investigations.

PMID- 1102243
TI  - Panel 4: phase IV investigations.

PMID- 1102244
TI  - Panel on pediatric trials.

PMID- 1102245
TI  - Panel on public service drugs and new uses for old drugs.

PMID- 1102246
TI  - On-line medicaid billing system for physicians' services.

PMID- 1102247
TI  - Management of the acute leukemia patient.

PMID- 1102248
TI  - Evaluation and treatment of Hodgkin's disease in the 70's.

PMID- 1102249
TI  - Professional Standards Review Organizations (PSROs)--What do they mean to the
      lawyer?

PMID- 1102250
TI  - Editorial: Towards better bacteriology.

PMID- 1102251
TI  - Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Medical Microbiology Laboratory Utilization;
      State of Connecticut, Department of Health.

PMID- 1102252
TI  - Surgeons and wound management: historical aspects.

PMID- 1102253
TI  - Medicine and pragmatism in William James.

PMID- 1102254
TI  - Normal values: theoretical and practical aspects.

PMID- 1102255
TI  - Imaging studies in renal failure. Emphasis of selection and sequencing in the
      clinical evaluation.
AB  - The focus of this review will be on the current role of imaging studies in the
      clinical evaluation of patients with acute and chronic renal failure. We will
      stress the application of these studies in specific clinical settings in an
      effort to indicate the current value, and also to suggest fruitful areas for
      future clinical investigation. It is clear that imaging studies are an essential
      component in the evaluation of acute and chronic renal failure. Physicians who
      manage such patients must choose appropriately from a variety of available
      studies to obtain a maximal information with the least risk to their patients.
      This selection is influenced by local conditions, the most important among these
      being the experience and technical skill of those involved. Attention to detail
      is particularly important and it is critical that the studies be done at the
      appropriate time in the evaluation. There will be emphasis on the evolving role
      of imaging studies in evaluating these patients.

PMID- 1102256
TI  - Occult traumatic lesions of the cervical vertebrae.
AB  - The numerous general and special techniques for examination of the cervical
      spine, with particular reference to the demonstration of occult traumatic lesions
      will be presented and evaluated. The advantages and limitations of each technique
      will be presented. Optimal procedures will be suggested for the examination of
      the acutely injured patient, with injuries of unknown severity, as well as for
      the longer term followups and minor injuries. The mechanisms of the production of
      cervical spine traumatic lesions and the long term abnormalities to be
      anticipated will be related, together with the types of radiographic findings
      associated with them. These will be presented in the context of the anatomy,
      function and dynamic physiology of the cervical spine. The dynamic
      interrelationship between segments of the cervical spine and the cervical spine
      as a whole, as well as the interrelation of the cervical spine with the skull and
      the remainder of the spine will be considered. The clinical data available in the
      literature will be collected and correlated with the radiographic findings. The
      results will be used to evaluate the clinical significance of these occult
      traumatic lesions, and the efficacy of therapy.

PMID- 1102257
TI  - Microbial lipid metabolism.

PMID- 1102258
TI  - Cell envelopes with regularly arranged surface subunits in Acinetobacter and
      related bacteria.

PMID- 1102259
TI  - Clinical evaluation of two daily doses of naproxen and indomethacin: result of a
      double-blind crossover trail.
AB  - A double-blind crossover clinical trial is reported on the effects of naproxen in
      two doses, 500 mg. and 750 mg. daily, and 100 mg. indomethacin daily in 23
      patients with classical rheumatoid arthritis, each drug being given for 1 week.
      The results show that there was little to choose between the drugs and that there
      was clinical equivalence between the two doses of naproxen. Radioactive
      pertechnetate (99mTc) joint uptakes were depressed by both naproxen and
      indomethacin, indicating anti-inflammatory effect.

PMID- 1102260
TI  - A double-blind trial of methocarbamol versus placebo in painful muscle spasm.
AB  - A double-blind trial of methocarbamol versus placebo was carried out in 59
      matched pairs of patients suffering from painful muscle spasm. Methocarbamol
      (1500 mg. q.d.s.) was found to be effective in approximately 60% of patients
      compared with 30% of patients receiving placebo (p less than 0.01). Side-effects
      were of almost equal incidence in the two groups.

PMID- 1102261
TI  - Clinical use of meditation.

PMID- 1102262
TI  - Biofeedback and meditation in the treatment of psychiatric illnesses.

PMID- 1102263
TI  - Cerebral electrotherapy (electrosleep): a review.

PMID- 1102264
TI  - A preparatory technique for examination of imperfect fungi by scanning electron
      microscopy.
AB  - Thin 12 mm diameter coverslips, coated with nutrient agar, were inoculated with a
      fungus, incubated, and sequentially examined with the light microscope and then
      the scanning electron microscope (SEM), thus providing the valuable capability of
      correlation of results obtained from these two microscopic analyses. A sandwich
      of two coverslips was prepared for light-microscopic observations, and then
      separated and the agar-coated coverslip on which the fungus had grown was passed
      through fixative solutions, critical point dried, metal-coated and examined in
      the SEM. The technique was designed primarily for studies of conidiogenesis in
      rapidly growing human pathogenic imperfect fungi.

PMID- 1102265
TI  - The possibility of latent centromeres and a proposed nomenclature system for
      total chromosome and whole arm translocations.
AB  - Translocations involving entire chromosomes or whole chromosome arms may not
      necessarily require deletion of a centromere. Conceivably, in the process of
      centromeric or telomeric fusion or of fusion of a centromere with a telomere,
      centromeric inactivation may occur, thus preserving both centromeres--one
      functional, the other latent--in the resultant translocation chromosome. If such
      latent centromeres exist and, in addition, are capable of being reactivated, it
      would explain how additional functional centromeres are acquired in the reverse
      process of chromosomal fission or fragmentation. A system of nomenclature is
      proposed for identifying the origin and nature of these chromosomal
      rearrangements.

PMID- 1102266
TI  - Potent combinations of beta-lactam antibiotics using the beta-lactamase
      inhibition principle.
AB  - Several penicillins known to be stable to enterobacterial beta-lactamases were
      tested in combination with beta-lactamase-sensitive penicillins and
      cephalosporins in a turbidimetric system. Nafcillin was found to be the best beta
      lactamase inhibitor amongst agents presently available commercially, but the
      related, new semi-synthetic penicillin BRL 1437 (2-isopropoxy-1
      naphthylpenicillin) was consistently found to be superior. Using 103 ampicillin
      resistant coliform bacilli and antibiotic levels achievable in urine, cephalothin
      or cephaloridine alone achieved long-term suppression of growth (greater than 20
      h) of 16 and 13% of strains, respectively, while the additional presence of BRL
      1437 suppressed growth for longer than 20 h of 81% of the remaining strains. Even
      where 'success' was not achieved according to these stringent criteria, regrowth
      was significantly delayed by the presence of BRL 1437. Suppression of growth for
      longer than 20 h by BRL 1437 plus cephalothin was achieved with all of the 46
      Escherichia coli strains tested. Antibiotic combinations were also studied in an
      in vitro model which stimulates the hydrokinetic features of the urinary bladder.
      Suppression of the growth of two highly resistant E. coli strains was achieved in
      this system, for therapeutically acceptable periods of time, with combinations of
      cephalothin or cephaloridine with BRL 1437, but not nafcillin.

PMID- 1102267
TI  - Adjuvant immunotherapy for malignant brain tumors in infants and children.
AB  - Immune deficiency of immunocompetent cells or of humoral factors are essential
      causes of tumor growth. The authors have investigated the transfer of
      immunocompetent cells - allogeneic bone marrow cell transfusion and white blood
      cell intracranial infusion - for the treatment of 11 malignant gliomas in infants
      and children as an adjuvant to surgery, radiation and/or chemotherapy. Ten cases,
      from 3 months to 11 years, received bone marrow cell transfusion. Two
      medulloblastomas and 3 pontine gliomas are dead. Five cases are alive and well 37
      65 months following surgery. Among these two posterior fossa neoplasms, a
      medulloblastoma and a glioblastoma have survived 46 and 65 months, respectively.
      One cerebral glioblastoma received allogeneic white blood cells infused locally
      into the tumor bed: it recurred 1 year following surgery, chemotherapy, and
      immunotherapy. Cytolysis of the tumor cells by sensitized lymphoid cells were
      demonstrated in this case. The role of immunotherapy should be limited at the
      present time to adjuvant therapy until its effect on tumor growth is
      statistically confirmed. The results so far are promising, and improvement of the
      immunological approach in treating malignant brain tumors is under way.

PMID- 1102268
TI  - Manifestations and management of Arnold-Chiari malformation in patients with
      myelomeningocele.
AB  - As a result of the authors' experience they advocate posterior fossa
      decompression in patients with myelomeningocele at the first sign of compression
      of bratn stem or the cervical cord or both. If decompression is not undertaken at
      once the impaired gag and cough reflexes place the child at risk. He may develop
      pneumonia. If decompression is delayed too long full neurological recovery will
      not occur. The removal of bone and the opening of dura must be carried down to
      the bottom of the tonsillar tip, sometimes as low as C7. The most dramatic
      improvement occurs in infants whose symptoms are life threatening. Less dramatic
      but just as real is the improvement in older children. Although investigations
      such as myelography and ventriculography will show the malformation, they are not
      essential. The associated visible malformations and the clinical condition are
      the most reliable means of making the diagnosis. Delaying the decompression risks
      the life of the infant and threatens the quality of life for the older child.

PMID- 1102269
TI  - [Beneficial activities of the National Educational Commission in the field of
      orthopedics].

PMID- 1102270
TI  - [Hyperacute kidney graft rejection with and without demonstration of antibodies].
AB  - Hyperacute rejection was studied in presensitized recipients of renal homografts
      and pig-to-dog heterografts. In these experiments antidonor antibodies can be
      observed but their participation in the rejection process cannot be assessed
      quantitatively. The importance of antibodies lies in their capacity to activate
      the complement system, which in turn destroys the graft. Intrarenal complement
      activation was also demonstrated in two clinical cases of hyperacute rejection,
      in one of which activation was by the alternate pathway.

PMID- 1102272
TI  - In Memoriam. Louis A. Buie, M.D.

PMID- 1102271
TI  - [Aspergillus infection in skin transplantation and its therapy].
AB  - In a 10 years old girl sustaining a corrosive injury of the lower leg from
      sulphuric acid, in the region of a skin transplantation colonization with
      Aspergillus fumigatus (Fresenium) and Aspergillus niger (van Tieghem) took place.
      This infection endangered the attempt of transplantation and the saving of the
      foot. Treatment by medication with nystatin (moronal) and canesten (clotrimazol)
      were ineffective. Pimaricin (pimafucin, natamycin) quickly erradicated the
      mycotic infection and secured an undisturbed progress for the transplantation.
      Additionally the epidemiology of infections by Aspergillus is briefly discussed.

PMID- 1102273
TI  - Symposium: Procidentia of the rectum: Ivalon-sponge repair.

PMID- 1102274
TI  - Symposium: Procidentia of the rectum: results of abdominal rectopexy in the
      elderly.

PMID- 1102275
TI  - Symposium: Procidentia of the rectum: transsacral repair.

PMID- 1102276
TI  - Symposium: Procidentia of the rectum: discussion.

PMID- 1102277
TI  - The assessment of thiothixene in chronic schizophrenia. A double-blind controlled
      trial.
AB  - The results are reported of a double-blind controlled trial of a recently
      introduced major tranquilizer thiothixene (Navane, Pfizer) against chlorpromazine
      in 24 chronic schizophrenics in the Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh,
      Scotland. Additionally, a limited experiment in withdrawal of routine
      tranquilizers in these patients (one month) was carried out prior to the trial.
      Changes in manifest psychosis (symptoms) and social disability were assessed by
      the use of the Lorr scale (IMPS) and the Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient
      Evaluation (NOSIE) at suitable intervals. The results indicated that thiothixene
      conferred no advantage over chlorpromazine in symptom relief or social
      improvement. Serial measures showed no significant change in these patients as a
      group when on active drugs as opposed to placebo, or with the course of time.
      12.5% of patients relapsed during the placebo period: these patients were younger
      than the non-relapsers and had received larger daily doses of phenothiazines
      prior to the trial.

PMID- 1102278
TI  - [Nature of interrelations between Chironomidae and their parasites--Mermithidae].

PMID- 1102279
TI  - Transplantation of organs.

PMID- 1102280
TI  - Drugs for dementia.

PMID- 1102281
TI  - [Discovery of glanders bacillus].

PMID- 1102282
TI  - [Contaminated infusions as cause of nosocomial Serratia marcescens septicaemia in
      children (author's transl)].
AB  - At the University Children's Clinic at Munich 25 cases of Serratia marescens
      septicaemia (mainly bacteriocin types 18 and 44) occurred within one year,
      predominantly in newborns and infants. Almost all of the children were seriously
      ill from an underlying illness or had been operated on. Two thirds had received
      antibiotics before the septicaemia occurred but they were ineffective. Of a total
      of nine antibiotics tested against 51 Serratia marcescens strains, nalidixic acid
      (99% sensitivity) and amikacin (100%) proved the most effective. Main source of
      the septicaemia were contaminated infusions, from which in as many as 35% of
      cases microorganisms, usually Serratia marcescens, had been isolated. Intensive
      hygienic measures at once terminated this "sepsis wave".

PMID- 1102283
TI  - [First description of haemophilus influenzae by Richard Pfeiffer].

PMID- 1102284
TI  - [Introduction of x-rays into medicine].

PMID- 1102285
TI  - Fanconi's aplastic anaemia: a case report of an affected African child and a
      review of the literature.

PMID- 1102286
TI  - [Method of connecting the second heart onto the abdominal aorta and the posterior
      vena cava of a rabbit (cat)].

PMID- 1102287
TI  - [Chief surgeons of the fronts during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 on the
      30th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1102288
TI  - [Changes in the activity of lymphocyte dehydrogenases in heart recipients as a
      possible indicator of reaction of transplant rejection].

PMID- 1102289
TI  - [Method of spontaneous breathing with positive airway pressure (literature
      survey)].

PMID- 1102290
TI  - [Correction of an error concerning the history of the 1st ether anesthesia in
      Russia].

PMID- 1102291
TI  - [Anesthesia in the surgical practice of a rural physician].

PMID- 1102292
TI  - [Cybernetic method of prognosis concerning the outcome of certain types of trauma
      (cranio-cerebral, thoracic, abdominal and thoracic-abdominal)].

PMID- 1102293
TI  - [Effect of intrathymus infections of cells and subcellular fractions of the
      donor's spleen on the reaction skin allotransplant rejection in rabbits].

PMID- 1102294
TI  - [S.S. Zimovskaia].

PMID- 1102295
TI  - Stimulation of LH release and ovulation in the rat by cutaneous application of
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
AB  - The efficacy of cutaneously applied luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH)
      in stimulating LH release in the chronically ovariectomized,
      estrogen/progesterone-blocked rat and ovulation in the chlorpromazine-blocked,
      proestrous rat was investigated. Following the cutaneous application of 25 or 100
      mug of LH-RH in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), serum LH rose to a peak at 1 hr,
      then declined toward basal levels in the ensuing 3 to 4 hr. LH-RH applied
      cutaneously in either 100% DMSO or 0.9% NaCl was also capable of inducing
      ovulation in the chlorpromazine-blocked, proestrous rat; however, LH-RH in 0.9%
      NaCl did not yield a linear log-dose-response relationship, therefore a valid
      ED50 potency ratio for DMSO/0.9% NaCl could not be estimated. Nonetheless, 0.9%
      NaCl was a considerably less effective cutaneous vehicle than DMSO. Cutaneous
      application of LH-RH in DMSO in doses of 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2.5 and 1 mug
      induced ovulation in 100%, 100%, 90%, 73%, 30%, 10% and 0% of the rats,
      respectively. When the percent ovulation response was transformed to probits and
      plotted against the logarithm of the LH-RH dose an approximately linear log dose
      response was obtained; the same relationship also held true for ovulation
      induction following sc LH-RH administration. In turn, the ED50's of these two
      parallel dose-response curves yielded a potency ratio estimate (sc/cutaneous) of
      0.025, suggesting that 2.5% of the cutaneously applied LH-RH dose was absorbed
      through the skin in a biologically active form. These data indicate that DMSO
      privdes a convenient cutaneous vehicle for the administration of LH-RH.

PMID- 1102296
TI  - Anti-insulin serum coupled to Sepharose 4B as a tool for the investigation of
      insulin biosynthesis in the B-cells of obese hyperglycemic mice.
AB  - The biosynthetic activity of the B-cells of obese hyperglycemic mice (obob) was
      measured by the incorporation of [3H]leucine into proteins in collagenase
      isolated pancreatic islets. To quantitate the incorporation into proinsulin and
      insulin, an immune binding method was used. For this purpose, anti-insulin serum
      was coupled to cyanogen bromide-activated SepharoseR 4B. This turned out to be a
      specific and versatile technique for the measurement of newly synthesized
      proinsulin and insulin in the B-cells. The B-cells of obob mice appear to be well
      adapted to a high rate of hormone biosynthesis, since at 16.7 mM glucose 44% of
      [3H]leucine incorporated into TCA-precipitable proteins was bound to the insulin
      antibodies coupled to Sepharose 4B. The insulin biosynthetic rate was stimulated
      9 times at 16.7 mM glucose, during a 3-h incubation, compared with the basal
      insulin biosynthesis rate.

PMID- 1102297
TI  - Blockage of estrogen-induced release of luteinizing hormone by reserpine and
      potentiation of synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced release of
      luteinizing hormone by estrogen in the ovariectomized ewe.
AB  - These experiments tested the effects of reserpine on estrogen-induced LH release
      and the effects of estrogen on gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced LH release
      in ovariectomized ewes. Injection of 50, 200, or 500 mug of estradiol benzoate
      (EB) into progesterone-treated ewes, or of 50 mug of EB into non-treated ewes
      induced a large surge in serum LH levels approximately 15 h later. Injection of 5
      mg/ewe of reserpine 6 h prior to the EB, blocked the LH surge. Reserpine reduced,
      but did not block the release of LH induced by injection of 20 mug or 40 mug of
      synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Injection of graded doses (5,
      10, or 20 mug) of GnRH into progesterone-treated ewes that had been treated with
      reserpine, induced increases in serum LH levels that were proportional to the
      logarithm of the dose. In the final series of experiments both progesterone
      treated and non-treated ewes were injected with reserpine and then with either EB
      or oil. Fifteen hours after receiving EB or oil they were injected with either
      GnRH or the diluent. GnRH elevated serum LH levels significantly higher in ewes
      given EB than in those given oil. LH levels in ewes given oil and diluent were
      not elevated. These data suggest that reserpine blocked EB-induced LH release by
      an action on the central nervous system and that EB acted directly on the
      anterior pituitary to increase the response to GnRH.

PMID- 1102298
TI  - Presidential address: the Endocrine Society.

PMID- 1102299
TI  - Modulation of the enzymic activity of chicken pepsin by the covalent modification
      of its single -- SH group.
AB  - The single cysteinyl residue of chicken pepsin was modified with a wide spectrum
      of reagents to produce mixed disulfides or alkylated derivatives. All these
      derivatives showed enhanced catalytic activity towards the synthetic peptide Z
      Ala-Ala-Phe-OPrP, where OPrP is the 3-(4-pyridyl)-propyl-1-oxy group. The overall
      catalytic constant kcat/Km for these derivatives was 4 -- 25-fold larger than
      that of the native enzyme. The activity of the enzyme towards denatured
      hemoglobin was slightly decreased (10--45%) by these modifications. When the
      mixed disulfide derivatives were treated with excess mercaptan, the sulfhydryl
      group was regenerated and activity reverted to that of the native enzyme. The -
      SH group of chicken pepsin reacted preferentially with reagents containing an
      aromatic group. The reaction was found to depend on the ionization of a single
      group, presumably the --SH itself, with a pKa = 7.5. The rate of reaction of the
      fully deprotonated species with various disulfides was 100--1000-fold smaller
      than that of the --SH group of glutathione. It is suggested that the groups
      attached covalently to  the sulfhydryl also interact with other amino acid side
      chains in the protein thereby affecting the active center of chicken pepsin.

PMID- 1102300
TI  - Initiation specificity of the poly(cytidylic acid)-dependent Qbeta replicase
      activity.
AB  - The initiation specificity of RNA synthesis catalysed by the poly(C)-dependent
      Qbeta replicase activity was investigated with various synthetic ribopolymers as
      template. It was found that the initiation efficiency of a series of oligo(C)
      with various chain lengths is proportional to the template size. Synthetic
      riboheteropolymers containing cytidylic acid were accepted as templates only if
      they contained at their 3' end a cytidylic acid sequence of more than 5
      nucleotides. Such an oligocytidylate sequence served also as an initiator
      sequence for copying the non-cytidylic-acid-containing part of the
      heterotemplate. RNA synthesis always began with the incorporation of GTP, even if
      the 3'-terminating nucleotide of the template was not cytidylic acid.

PMID- 1102301
TI  - Solution conformation of virginiamycins (staphylomycins).
AB  - The 1H (at 300 MHz) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of virginiamycins
      S and S4 and vernamycin Balpha have been unravelled and analyzed. Together with
      model building and theoretical considerations, this allows the detailed
      description of their solution conformations. The depside bond can rotate and
      gives to the backbone some conformational mobility. The orientation of the
      depsicarbonyl bond depends on the surrounding. Apparent discrepancies between the
      different methods that are applicable for the disclosure of the nature of peptide
      H-bonding, have found a rational explanation.

PMID- 1102302
TI  - On the dissociation and association of Escherichia coli ribosomes.
AB  - The dissociation and association behaviour of 70-S ribosomes of Escherichia coli
      has been studied. It has been shown that the dissociation-association reaction
      can be both a real dynamic equilibrium and a non-equilibrium reaction, dependent
      upon the ionic conditions of the solvent. At relatively high ionic strength (I =
      0.15 M or more) the dissociation-association reaction is an equilibrium reaction,
      whereas at lower ionic strength (I = 0.1 M or less) there is no dynamic
      equilibrium between 70-S ribosomes and its subunits. In the latter case a
      hysteresis in the dissociation-association reaction is observed. Whether there is
      a dynamic equilibrium or not can be demonstrated by a single centrifugation
      experiment, using the analytical ultracentrifuge.

PMID- 1102303
TI  - Ultrastructural organization and biochemical characterization of chromatin - RNA 
      protein complexes isolated from mammalian cell nuclei.
AB  - Extranucleolar elements were isolated from mammalian cell nuclei and
      characterized by correlative biochemical-ultrastructural studies. These complex
      structures were shown to retain a supra-particle arrangement closely resembling
      the organization in situ of definite nuclear areas. In particular the
      morphological RNA - protein species, namely perichromatin fibrils and granules,
      were detected in association with characteristic regions of chromatin. By
      autoradiographic experiments, we were able to show that perichromatin fibrils
      represent the morphological state of newly formed heterogeneous nuclear RNA
      (hnRNA). Chromatin - RNA - protein complexes were further fractionated by means
      of a treatment dissociating the chromatin component. A minor part of DNA,
      possibly involved in the biosynthesis and the processing of hnRNA, remains linked
      to the resulting RNA - protein network.

PMID- 1102304
TI  - Phage Qbeta replicase: cell-free synthesis of the phage-specific subunit and its
      assembly with host subunits to form active enzyme.
AB  - Cell-free translation of Qbeta RNA and subsequent partial purification of the
      enzyme resulted in replicase activity. From 0.5 to 1.5% of all R chains
      synthesised were found in the 7-S replicase complex. The presence in the 7-S
      complex of the host subunits of authentic replicase, i (= S1) and EF-Ts, was
      shown by the effect of antisera directed against ribosomal protein S1 and EF-Ts,
      respectively. Furthermore, the presence of EF-Ts was demonstrated by thermal
      denaturation of in vitro replicase made by a cell extract from an Escherichia
      coli mutant with a thermolabile EF-Ts. In vitro replicase did not assemble
      spontaneously during protein synthesis but was formed upon subsequent
      purification. Assembly could be induced by ammonium sulphate precipitation (60%
      saturation) alone. It is concluded that the functional phage-coded subunit
      synthesised in vitro recognises i and the EF-Tu - EF-Ts complex among a mixture
      of host proteins.

PMID- 1102305
TI  - The use of primed synthesis by DNA polymerase I to study an intercistronic
      sequence of phiX-174 DNA.
AB  - A decadeoxynucleotide complementary to ten nucleotides in the major ribosome
      protected fragment of phiX-174 plus-strand DNA has been chemically synthesized
      and used as a primer for DNA polymerase I on phiX-174 plus-strand DNA as
      template. The sequence of the first 40 nucleotides incorporated onto the
      decadeoxynucleotide has been determined. This sequence extends further the
      sequence of the intercistronic region preceding gene G and shows the presence of
      another termination codon. The sequence was determined by using manganese as the
      activating cation for DNA polymerase I which allows ribonucleotides to be
      incorporated as well as deoxyribonucleotides. The ribo-substituted product was
      then cleaved specifically at the ribonucleotide residues to generate a series of
      overlapping ribo-terminated fragments whose sequences were sufficient to
      determine the complete sequence of the first 40 nucleotides. No evidence for
      misincorporation by DNA polymerase I in the presence of manganese was detected.

PMID- 1102306
TI  - The importance of Escherichia coli ribosomal proteins L1, L11 and L16 for the
      association of ribosomal subunits and the formation of the 70-S initiation
      complex.
AB  - 50-S subunits were washed with LiCl solutions of different concentrations. After
      washing with 1 M LiCl solution the particles lost their ability to attach either
      to 30-S subunits or to the AUG - 30-S subunit - fMet-tRNAfMet complex or to a
      poly(U) - 30-S subunit - Phe-tRNAPhe complex. Those proteins which were removed
      by LiCl were fractionated on a Sephadex G-100 column. Of the fractionated
      proteins only the combinations L1 and L11 or L1 and L16 were essential for the
      association of 50-S 1.0 cores (particles prepared by washing 50-S subunits in 1.0
      M LiCl) with 30-S subunits. These three proteins were also required for the
      formation of a stable complex between 50-S 1.0 cores, mRNA, 30-S subunits and
      aminoacyl-tRNA.

PMID- 1102307
TI  - Interaction between arginase and L-ornithine carbamoyltransferase in
      Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The regulatory sites of arginase.
AB  - The inhibition of ornithine carbamoyltransferase by arginase in Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae, which is under the control or arginine and ornithine, involves a
      regulatory site for arginine on the arginase distinct from its catalytic site.
      This regulatory site is responsible for the reinforcement effect of arginine on
      the inhibition of ornithine carbamoyltransferase by arginase. The binding site of
      ornithine carbamoyltransferase on arginase is also shown by our analysis.

PMID- 1102308
TI  - Envelope-bound N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase of Escherichia coli K 12.
      Purification and properties of the enzyme.
AB  - N-Acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase activity was detected in Escherichia coli K 12
      by usine N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-(L)-meso-[3H]diaminopimelic
      acid as a radioactive substrate. This activity cleaves the amide bond between the
      residues of N-acetylmuramyl acid and L-alanine. It was readily obtained in a
      soluble form either by mechanical disruption of the cells or by spheroplast
      formation. In the latter case the release of most of the activity into the
      sucrose medium seems to indicate that it is either periplasmic or associated with
      the outer membrane of the envelope of E. coli K 12. The enzyme was purified to
      near homogeneity. A molecular weight of 39 000 was determined by gel filtration
      and confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Further characterisation of
      this N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase activity was carried out by investigating
      several of its properties.

PMID- 1102309
TI  - The isolation of two different lipopolysaccharide fractions from various Proteus
      mirabilis strains.
AB  - Four distinct Proteus mirabilis strains were extracted by the phenol/water
      procedure. After ultracentrifugation of the dialyzed water phase, the pelleted
      lipopolysaccharide was purified and analyzed. The sugar composition of this
      lipopolysaccharide fraction I was similar for all four strains, containing only
      small amounts of strain-specific constituents. A second lipopolysaccharide
      fraction was isolated from the supernatant above (termed L1 fraction) after
      removal of nucleic acids. DEAE-cellulose chromatography indicated that this
      material is not a polysaccharide but rather a water-soluble lipopolysaccharide
      containing strain-specific constituents such as uronic acids, amino acids, amino
      sugars, neutral sugars, ethanolamine and phosphate, depending on the strain from
      which lipopolysaccharide II was isolated.

PMID- 1102310
TI  - Identification of ribitol phosphate as a constituent of the lipopolysaccharide
      from Proteus mirabilis, Strain D52.
AB  - A polyol was released from the lipopolysaccharide of Proteus mirabilis, strain
      D52, during alkaline hydrolysis and its phosphate ester was isolated after acid
      hydrolysis. This polyol has been identified as ribitol by comparison of the free
      polyol, its phosphate ester and its anhydro derivative formed after acid
      treatment with authentic xylitol, D- and L-arabitol, ribitol and their
      corresponding derivatives on paper and gas-liquid chromatography.

PMID- 1102312
TI  - Function of the duct-ligated canine pancreatic allograft.
AB  - Heterotopic transplantation of a duct-ligated canine pancreas was performed in 20
      previously pancreatectomized, non-related recipient dogs. A technical procedure
      was elaborated for this grafting. It was found that early, fatal postoperative
      bleeding in the recipient could be avoided when the interval between
      pancreatectomy and transplantation was reduced from 7 to 2-4 days. The early
      endocrine function was studied in 15 surviving animals by determination of blood
      glucose and serum insulin during fasting and during glucose load. 24 h after
      transplantation the blood glucose values were normal and 4-8 days after
      transplantation the glucose tolerance was within normal limits. The serum insulin
      was on a supranormal level, also during glucose load. The early endocrine
      capacity of the transplanted duct-ligated pancreas after transplantation was
      found to be satisfactory, restoring the blood glucose in the pancreatectomized
      recipients to normal levels.

PMID- 1102311
TI  - The psychiatric aspects of cardiac intensive therapy: a review.
AB  - The post cardiotomy state is typically delirious and although organic factors are
      important it is multi-determined. Cerebral ischaemia has been implicated in the
      development of psychological disorder after resuscitation but longer term
      neurotic disorders also occur. Affective disturbances, particularly depression,
      are associated with the coronary care experience. The following conditions are
      directly related to an increased incidence of psychological disorder: age, loss
      of sleep, sensory deprivation, stressful experiences, pre-operative morbidity
      (both physical and mental), the severity of both surgical trauma and the post
      operative medical state. For both the staff who administer intensive therapy and
      the patient who receives it there are unique psychological hazards, the
      management of which depends largely on mutual understanding and support.

PMID- 1102313
TI  - Behaviour of the duct-ligated canine pancreas during hypothermic albumin
      perfusion.
AB  - The behaviour of eight duct-ligated canine pancreata was studied during 23 hours
      of continuous, hypothermic perfusion, with an albumin electrolyte solution. The
      organs developed a considerable oedema during perfusion. This did not seem to
      influence on the vascular resistance of the organs. A continuous insulin release,
      a moderate increase in LDH concentration and only small changes in the
      electrolyte concentrations were observed in the perfusate, indicating only a
      moderate degree of cellular damage.

PMID- 1102314
TI  - Twenty-four-hour preservation of the duct-ligated canine pancreatic allograft.
AB  - Twenty previously pancreatectomized dogs received a duct-ligated pancreatic
      allograft; 16 of the grafts were preserved for 24 h, 9 with continuous
      hypothermic albumin perfusion, 7 with simple hypothermic storage; 4 glands were
      transplanted immediately and served as controls. The outcome of preservation was
      assessed by studying the early endocrine function of the glands. Excluding five
      early failures due to bleeding, all grafts showed endocrine activity after
      transplantation and the glucose values were on a normal level. An initial
      hyperglucemia caused by pancreatectomy disappeared within 24h. In the two groups
      with 24h preservation, no differences in graft function were found. In the
      control group, there was a hypoglucemic tendency the first days after
      transplantation and a prolonged hyperinsulinemia during glucose load. It could be
      concluded that duct-ligated, isolated canine pancreas well tolerated 24h of
      preservation both by continuous hypothermic albumin perfusion and by simple
      hypothermic storage in an extracellular type of fluid.

PMID- 1102315
TI  - Echocardiography.

PMID- 1102316
TI  - Cryobiology of the heart.

PMID- 1102317
TI  - An improved method for the quantitative analysis of M-mode echocardiograms.
AB  - A computer-assisted system is described which speeds and extends the quantitative
      interpretation of M-mode echocardiographic recordings. The system consists of a
      digitizing tablet, minicomputer, TV monitor and a hard copy device. M-mode
      echocardiograms are placed on the digitizing surface and traced using the
      digitizing pen. The entered signal includes the endocardial surfaces of the
      anterior and posterior left ventricular wall for at least one cycle, and two Q
      waves from a simultaneously recorded ECG to identify end diastole and heart rate.
      End systole is determined automatically as corresponding to the minimum LV
      dimension. Results of analysis include continuous plots of estimated volume and
      circumferential fiber shortening rate (CFSR) vs time. Determinations of special
      interest are also displayed: enddiastolic volume (EDV) and endsystolic volume
      (ESV), ejection fraction, cardiac output, mean and peak CFSR. M-mode
      echocardiograms obtained from 25 normal volunteers are used to evaluate the
      system. The standard error of the estimate of the computer-assisted system is
      comparable to the error between observers, furthermore the computer system adds
      no significant systematic or random error. Comparison between M-mode estimated
      volumes and angiographically determined values has been described previously and
      Sy - x here is significantly greater. The main advantages of this system are: 1.
      a continuous plot of estimated LV volume and CFSR is provided; 2. beat-to-beat
      analyses are facilitated; 3. the automatic determination of end systole removes
      possible errors in judgement made previously; 4. it is time saving when one
      considers the amount of data obtained. With these advantages and the generally
      satisfactory performance in the clinical trials, this system appears to have
      extended the clinical quantitative capabilities of M-mode echocardiograms.

PMID- 1102318
TI  - Plasma catecholamines and blood substrate concentrations: studies in insulin
      induced hypoglycaemia and after adrenaline infusions.
AB  - Plasma adrenaline-blood glucose interrelationships in insulin-induced
      hypoglycaemia in man have been studied using a sensitive double-isotope
      derivative method for adrenaline estimation. Plasma adrenaline reached a peak of
      1.24 ng/ml at 45 minutes after insulin while blood glucose reached a nadir of 22
      mg/100 ml at 30 minutes. There was a strong correlation both between the rise in
      adrenaline and the degree of hypoglycaemia and between the rise in adrenaline and
      the post-hypoglycaemic rise in glucose. Plasma noradrenaline rose from 0.29 to
      0.59 ng/ml, the rise correlating with the rise in adrenaline. Changes in pulse
      rate preceded and were unrelated to changes in plasma catecholamines. Fuel
      mobilisation in response to adrenaline infusion (6 mug/min. for 20 min.) in
      normoglycaemic man was also studied. Plasma adrenaline concentration rose from a
      mean of 0.02 ng/ml to 0.71 ng/ml while plasma noradrenaline concentration was
      unchanged. Blood glucose rose from 71 to 98 mg/100 ml while plasma insulin
      decreased from 11 to 8 muU/ml. Blood lactate rose by 0.85 mM while pyruvate
      concentration remained unchanged. Blood glycerol concentration rose twofold and
      ketone body concentration threefold but there was little change in the
      concentrations of the glucogenic amino acids, alanine, glutamate and glutamine.
      Both the 3-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio and the lactate/pyruvate ratio rose
      implying a more reduced intracellular state due presumably to increased hepatic
      fatty acid oxidation. It is concluded that adrenaline enhances the recycling of
      lactate and spares glucose through the mobilitsation of lipids but that amino
      acids are little affected.

PMID- 1102319
TI  - Insulin metabolism, insulin sensitivity and hormonal responses to insulin
      infusion in patients taking oral contraceptive steroids.
AB  - The metabolism of unlabelled human monocomponent insulin was studied in a group
      of six patients being treated with combined oestrogen-progestogen oral
      contraceptives (OC) and compared with a group of ten normal subjects. The
      parameters of insulin metabolism were determined by a priming dose-continuous
      infusion technique which enabled measurements of metabolic clearance rate (MCR)
      of insulin to be made at four separate steady state hormone concentrations
      spanning the physiological range. In normal subjects MCR was greatest at low
      insulin concentrations, falling from 24.7 ml/kg/min. at 16 muU/ml to 11.4
      ml/kg/min. at a mean concentration of 280 muU/ml. In the OC group, MCR averaged
      20.5 ml/kg/min. and did not change with increasing plasma insulin concentration.
      The plasma half-disappearance time (T 1/2) was longer than normal in the OC group
      (5.6 vs. 4.4 min., p less than 0.05) despite a higher MCR. The prolonged T 1/2
      indicated that the apparent distribution space was increased in those on OC
      (166.6 vs. 82.7 mg/kg., p less than 0.0025). The results are interpreted as
      indicating increased capillary permeability to insulin and increased peripheral
      degradation. The fact that MCR did not fall in the OC group with increasing
      plasma insulin concentrations whereas it did in normal subjects, suggested that
      OC leads to the loss of saturable component of insulin degradation that is
      present in normal subjects. Insulin sensitivity (as judged by induced
      hypoglycaemia) was reduced in the OC group while growth hormone responses were
      within the normal range. Plasma cortisol was increased in those taking OC but the
      response to insulin induced hyperglycaemia was less marked than normal. The
      results indicate a significant alteration in insulin metabolism in these
      subjects, which may contribute to the impairment of carbohydrate tolerance seen
      in some women taking combined OC.

PMID- 1102320
TI  - Synaptosomal uptake and levels of serotonin in rat brain areas after p
      chloroamphetamine or B-9 lesions.
AB  - In contrast to the pronounced fall in 5HT levels and synaptosomal uptake caused
      by p-chloroamphetamine, bilateral lesions of the B-9 cell group caused minimal
      regional changes, except for 35% decreases in the metathalamus-thalamus. We
      conclude therefore that the prolonged biochemical effects of p-chloroamphetamine
      are not due to a selective cytotoxic action on B-9 cells; and that a lateral 5HT
      pathway, possibly from the B-9 cell group, projects to the metathalamus-thalamus.

PMID- 1102321
TI  - The mode of lipofuscin removal from hypothalamic neurons.

PMID- 1102322
TI  - A stereotaxic headholder for visual neurophysiology.
AB  - A stereotaxic headholder is presented that offers the following advantages: 1. It
      is especially suitable for visual neurophysiology, because the eye and
      surrounding orbit are not affected by bars or clamps. 2. It is easy to handle,
      because the ear bars are mounted on movable slides above the main frame. 3. It is
      versatile and can be used without additional adapters for different species of
      animals.

PMID- 1102323
TI  - The nerve cell body response to axotomy.

PMID- 1102324
TI  - Nerve growth factor and its mode of action.

PMID- 1102325
TI  - Clarence Luther Herrick and the beginning of neuroscience in America.

PMID- 1102326
TI  - A plating method for preparation of cells for culture and for observation by
      light or electron microscopy.

PMID- 1102327
TI  - As I remember: Edward Vail Lapham Brown.

PMID- 1102328
TI  - [Correlation of the bioelectrical activity and energy metabolism in various parts
      of the dog brain in the process of ontogeny under ether anesthetic conditions].
AB  - Experiments conducted on 50 puppies of 2-days, 2-weeks and a month old evidenced
      that the maturing of the central nervous system in puppies was accompanied by a
      progressive growth of the bioelectric activity and of the energy exchange forse.
      With advancing age of the animals the inhibitory action of ether on the oxygen
      uptake by the tissues of the visual, auditory cortical zones and of the medial
      thalamus along with the biocurrents in these structures were on a decline. At the
      same time, as the post-natal development of the animals went on, the processes of
      oxidative phosphorylation in the cortical segments were disturbed greater than at
      the 2-week age. In 2-day old animals it did not change substantially by
      comparison with controls.

PMID- 1102329
TI  - [Experimental and clinical study of d, 1-oxyphedrin].
AB  - Comparative pharmacological and toxicological studies were carried out on animals
      covering the preparation d,1-oxyphedrine (myophedrine), put out in the GDR, as
      against the drug 1-oxyphedrine. The activity of both drugs showed no material
      difference. Clinical trials demonstrated good tolerance of the drug both by
      healthy persons and patients with its intravenous administration twice a day in
      amounts of 1 mg, or by mouth--3 times a day in amounts of 8--16 mg. In
      outpatients with anginal pains after sustained myocardial infarction and also in
      institutionally treated patients with myocardial infarction the activity of d,1
      oxyphedrine proved to be not inferior to that of 1-oxyphedrine.

PMID- 1102330
TI  - [Effect of sodium salicylate on the cerebral blood circulation (an experimental
      and clinical study)].
AB  - The effect of sodium salicylate (100 mg/kg intravenously) on the circulation rate
      of the cerebral blood flow, total arterial pressure, oxygen tension in the
      cerebral tissue (by the polarographic method) and on the pressure in the brain
      venous vessels was studied on anesthetized cats with controlled respiration. In
      rheumatic patients the action of the drug (10 ml of a 10% solution,
      intravenously) on the rheoencephalographic findings and the total arterial
      pressure was investigated. Sodium salicylate was shown to raise the tonicity of
      the intra- and extracranial vessels, to lower the amplitude of the pulse
      fluctuations and to highten the total arterial pressure. The cerebral circulation
      depends upon changes in the tonicity of the cerebral vessels and on the total
      arterial pressure, i. e. with a significant rise of the latter it increases in
      spite of a greater vascular resistance. Changes in the blood flow are followed by
      corresponding variations in the PO2 of the brain tissue. No significant changes
      of the pressure in the venous system of the brain could be established.

PMID- 1102331
TI  - Drugs used in the treatment of cancer.

PMID- 1102332
TI  - Isolation of translating ribosomes with a resin-bound poly-U column.

PMID- 1102333
TI  - Quinine-induced modifications of insulin release and glucose metabolism by
      isolated pancreatic islets.

PMID- 1102334
TI  - Incorporation of H2 18O into 20alpha, 22R-di-OH cholesterol: evidence for an
      epoxide-diol pathway in the adrenocortical cholesterol side-chain cleavage
      mechanism.

PMID- 1102335
TI  - Screening for genetic disorders.

PMID- 1102336
TI  - Hormone analysis: bioassay and immunochemical methodology.

PMID- 1102337
TI  - Laboratory screening: a critique.

PMID- 1102338
TI  - Nutritional application and implication of 1,3-butanediol.
AB  - Research in the United States on synthetic sources of dietary calories was
      initiated in 1958 to develop high nutrient density food for extended manned space
      travel. Of many known compounds screened, 1,3-butanediol was the most promising.
      Small amounts in ester form with fatty acids exist in nature, and tests indicate
      a low acute oral and chronic toxicity similar to that of propylene glycol or
      glycerol. Multi-generation reproduction, teratological, and mutagen studies have
      revealed nothing detrimental. Following an adaptation period, 1,3-butanediol
      furnishes approximately 6 kcal/g if fed at levels not exceeding 20% in the diet
      of rats. Higher levels result in an impairment in growth and food utilization. In
      young animals, body fat stores appear to be lessened, as is resistance to the
      stress of extreme cold. However, dogs fed 20% 1,3-butanediol can maintain
      sustained muscular work on treadmills, but larger amounts can result in
      incoordination due to a narcotic effect common to glycols. Little research has
      been conducted on the behavioral effects of large doses. At present, 1,3
      butanediol is used mainly as a solvent for food flavors. If the unpleasant taste
      problem can be overcome and if given FDA approval, 1,3-butanediol may have an
      increased role in our food supply as a functional food additive, preservative,
      and source of calories for man and animals.

PMID- 1102339
TI  - Studies on sperm antigenicity. 2. In vivo and in vitro cellular reactivity in
      guinea pigs sensitized to homologous and heterologous spermatozoal autoantigens.
AB  - In vitro delayed type hypersensitivity was demonstrated with peritoneal exudate
      cells from guinea pigs of the Rockefeller and Hartley strains, immunized with
      different preparations of the guinea pig male reproductive tract (RMT) emulsified
      in complete Freund's adjuvant-H37Ra. The RMT preparations were purified guinea
      pig spermatozoal autoantigens S, P, and T; whole guinea pig spermatozoa, and
      extract from epididymal tissue. The cellular sensitivity in vivo was demonstrated
      by injecting the proper antigen into the skin of the tested animals and in vitro
      by the macrophage inhibition technique. Peritoneal exudate cells from guinea pigs
      sensitized with whole guinea pig spermatozoa cells were inhibited in vitro by the
      specific antigen, epididymal extract, and autoantigen-T. Autoantigen-S was found
      to be a weak immunogen. However, the migration of peritoneal exudate cells from
      guinea pigs sensitized with large amounts of antigen-S was inhibited by whole
      spermatozoa in vitro. This cross-reactivity revealed the possibility that the
      immunogenicity of purified autoantigen-S might be connected to its molecular
      size. According to the immunizing dose of the antigens, testicular lesions of
      either the aspermatogenic or orchitis type were found in the testes of sensitized
      guinea pigs. Lesions in the testes of the guinea pigs were not detectable by
      cross-immunization with heterologous human or rat spermatozoa, although some
      degree of in vitro cross-reactivity was detected by skin test studies.

PMID- 1102340
TI  - Immunologic studies of male infertility.
AB  - Infertile men with azo- or oligospermia of unknown cause were investigated for
      evidence of testicular autoimmunity. Testicular germinal cell antibodies were
      found in 14% of the patients, compared with 5% of normal men, and 21% had
      spermatozoal antibodies, compared with 5% of the normal subjects. One-third had
      positive macrophage inhibitory factor tests, compared with 5% of normal subjects.
      However, of autoantibodies against thyroid, stomach, and nuclear material, only
      the prevalence of thyroid cytoplasmic antibodies was significantly greater than
      in normal subjects; serum IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were normal in all cases
      tested. Furthermore, there was no excess of lymphoid tissue on biopsy and no
      evidence of antibody deposition in the testicular tissue. The evidence for
      autoimmunity is less impressive than that for leprous orchitis, which has been
      proposed as a model for testicular organ-specific autoimmunity. Nevertheless, it
      is possible that certain germinal cell or spermatozoal antibodies may be directed
      against factors necessary for orderly spermatogenesis. If so, they may play a
      role in some cases of maturation arrest and shedding defects.

PMID- 1102341
TI  - Inhibitory activity of four analogs of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in
      vivo.
AB  - Four analogs of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), [des-His2,D-Ala6]
      LH-RH, [des-His2,D-Ala6, des-Gly-NH2(10)1-LH-RH ethylamide, [des-His2,D-Leu6]-LH
      RH, and [D-Phe2,D-Leu6]-LH-RH, at 300-fold molar ratios (analog/LH-RH) led to an
      almost complete inhibition of LH response to LH-RH in anesthetized 4-day cycling
      rats on the afternoon of proestrus. At a 75-fold molar ratio, [des-His2,D-Ala6]
      LH-RH still inhibited the LH-RH-induced LH release by 50%. The ethylamide
      substitution at the COOH terminus of [des-His2,D-Ala6]-LH-RH did not
      significantly improve the inhibitory activity of the molecule.

PMID- 1102342
TI  - Gonadotropin-releasing activity of two highly active and long-acting analogs of
      luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone after subcutaneous, intravaginal, and oral
      administration.
AB  - The gonadotropin-releasing activities of two synthetic analogs of luteinizing
      hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH), D-Ala6-des-Gly10-LH-RH ethylamide and D-Leu6
      des-Gly10-LH-RH ethylamide were evaluated in immature female rats after
      subcutaneous, intravaginal, and oral administration. Maximal peaks of serum LH
      and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels after administration of both
      analogs by any of the three routes were obtained at 2 hours. Therefore, serum
      gonadotropin levels declined slowly, so that at 6 hours LH levels had returned to
      base line values, whereas FSH levels remained elevated for up to 10 hours. The
      integrated serum gaondotropin levels after LH-RH and both analogs over a 10-hour
      period indicated that D-Leu6-des-Gly10-LH-RH EA and D-Ala6-des-Gly10-LH-RH EA
      released more LH and FSH than did the LH-RH decapeptide. The intense and long
      acting properties of these analogs in releasing LH and FSH suggest the
      possibility that they may be more useful therapeutically than LH-RH.

PMID- 1102343
TI  - Immune capacity of mice tolerating a weakly incompatible skin allograft. I.
      Tolerance induction by neonatal skin graft in adult recipients or by neonatal
      inoculation of adult cells.
AB  - An analysis was made of the so-called "tolergenic" effect of neonatal skin grafts
      which tend to survive longer than control adult grafts and confer this tendency
      also on simultaneously transplanted adult grafts of the same genotype. When the
      time interval between the neonatal and adult grafts varied from zero to 150 days,
      it could be demonstrated that neonatal skin grafts are capable of inducing second
      set response comparable to that induced by adult grafts provided that the adult
      graft is not given simultaneously but only following 20 days or later. Signs of
      immune erises (i.e. various degrees of a round-cell infiltration) were, however,
      detected histologically even with shorter intervals of time. The involvement of
      some non-specific components in the early postgrafting period was indicated by a
      similar effect of sera from recipients of syngeneic grafts and MSA-incompatible
      grafts on the survival of grafts across the male-specific antigen barrier. Only
      long surviving allografts tend to specifically reduce the recipient's immune
      responsiveness. The possible mechanisms of the specific and non-specific
      components in the effect of neonatal skin grafts and the factor of time are
      discussed.

PMID- 1102344
TI  - Cyclophosphamide-induced immunological tolerance: recovery leads to a memory
      state.
AB  - Tolerance to SRBC has been induced in adult mice by the aid of cyclophosphamide,
      and the duration of the tolerant state has been tested by a second injection of
      antigen at different times thereafter. As evidenced by 19S and 7S PFC 4 days
      after challenge, tolerance in this model is of relatively short duration and
      leads spontaneously to a memory state.

PMID- 1102345
TI  - [LH and FSH responses to synthetic LH-RH in various estradiol levels of
      anovulatory women (author's transl)].
AB  - Synthetic LH releasing hormone (LH-RH) is effective in increasing both serum LH
      and FSH in humans. Therefore, LH-RH is used to clarify the function of the
      hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis in adult women. Variations in response to
      synthetic LH-RH during different phases of the menstrual cycle are known. These
      variations may be due to changes in the ovarian secretion of sex streoid hormones
      during the menstrual cycle. In the present study, effects of serum estradiol (Ed)
      on pituitary gonadotropin response to synthetic LH-RH were studied in 55 subjects
      without ovulation. Serum levels of LH, FSH and Ed were determined before and at
      30 min after intramuscular administration of 100 mug LH-RH. LH and FSH levels in
      the serum were measured by the double antibody method of radioimmunoassay. Ed
      levels were determined by the radioimmunoassay method of T. Makino, using the
      antiserum against Ed-6-oxime-BSA donated by Dr. T. Makino and applied to the
      microcolumn of sephadex LH 20. Preliminary evidence about Ed levels during the
      normal menstrual cycle and in anovulatory women suggested that an Ed level under
      30 pg/ml indicates the presence of a small amount of Ed. Therefore, 55 patients
      were divided into 2 groups; the low Ed group that showed low basal Ed levels
      (under 30 pg/ml) and the Ed normal group that showed normal basal Ed levels (over
      30 pg/ml). Pituitary gonadotropin responses to synthetic LH-RH were studied in
      these two groups. No statistical difference was shown between the two groups
      studied for basal LH level and FSH level. After LH-RH injection in the Ed normal
      group, serum LH level was significantly higher and serum FSH level was
      significantly lower than that in the low Ed group. Then, in order to clarify the
      difference in two groups, the ratio of LH to FSH (LH/FSH) before and after
      administration of LH-RH was examined. The ratio in the Ed normal group was
      significantly higher than one in the low Ed group before and after administration
      of LH-RH. Moreover, the percentage increase of the ratio was significantly larger
      in the Ed normal group than that in the low Ed group. A positive correlation
      (r=0.4228, p less than 0.01) was found between LH/FSH following administration of
      LH-RH and circulating the Ed level. These results suggest that the response of
      pituitary gonadotropins to LH-RH is changed by serum Ed and that serum Ed causes
      a differential release of LH and FSH in response to LH-RH. The data seem to
      demonstrate that LH-RH and serum Ed show a complex interplay in releasing LH and
      FSH.

PMID- 1102346
TI  - [A study on the regulatory mechanism of hypothalamo-hypophyseo-ovarian system in
      estrous cycles of rats: Changes in responsiveness of the anterior pituitary gland
      to synthetic LH-RH (author's transl)].
AB  - It is generally accepted that the sexual cycle in mammals is accomplished by the
      systematic coupling of components of the hypothalamo-hypophyseo-gonadal system.
      However, how these components are related to each other to develop the sexual
      cyclicity has not yet been clearly established. A gonadotropin releasing factor
      (GnRF), which has been extracted and purified from porcine hypothalamus and whose
      molecular structure was determined in 1971, has been synthesized in many
      laboratories. The synthetic GnRF, named LRF or LH-RH, has gonadotropin releasing
      activity for many species of mammals, including humans. The debut of the
      synthetic LRF has given us a pure material and a direct means of stimulating,
      relatively easily, the gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary glands. In the
      present study, variations in the gonadotropin releasing activity of the pituitary
      gland in relation to synthetic LRF was investigated throughout the sexual cycle
      of rats. The relationship between pituitary sensitivity and levels of steroid
      hormones in the blood is discussed.

PMID- 1102347
TI  - [Practical application and enclosing of miniature expansion screws].

PMID- 1102348
TI  - [Artificial teeth through the ages (1)].

PMID- 1102349
TI  - [Today's dental technology. Postwar progress in technology].

PMID- 1102350
TI  - [Methods of prosthetic rehabilitation (1)].

PMID- 1102351
TI  - [Planning and preparation for prosthetic treatment].

PMID- 1102352
TI  - [Artificial teeth through the ages (2)].

PMID- 1102354
TI  - [Methods of prosthetic rehabilitation (2)].

PMID- 1102353
TI  - [Artificial teeth through the ages (III)].

PMID- 1102355
TI  - Paralleling technic with a disposable film holder.

PMID- 1102356
TI  - [Fixed bullous drug-intolerance reaction under the clinical and
      immunofluorescence-optical picture of a bullous pemphigoid (case report)].

PMID- 1102357
TI  - [Hermann Ress, Oct 8, 1891-Jan 1, 1975].

PMID- 1102358
TI  - [Use of the direct FTA-ABS test in early syphilis patients].

PMID- 1102359
TI  - 'Dual' impression technic for complete dentures.

PMID- 1102360
TI  - Dental schools and the profession in partnership.

PMID- 1102361
TI  - Evaluation and repair of root canal failures.

PMID- 1102362
TI  - The "Family" dentist gets another offer he can't refuse.

PMID- 1102363
TI  - How devices legislation could affect dentistry.

PMID- 1102364
TI  - Functional relief for complete dentures.

PMID- 1102365
TI  - Question remains: whatever possessed them...?

PMID- 1102366
TI  - Photochemotherapy of psoriasis with 4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen.

PMID- 1102367
TI  - Nitrogenase in Azotobacter chroococcum and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

PMID- 1102368
TI  - Ovarian response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in normal women
      and amenorrheic patients.

PMID- 1102369
TI  - Antidiabetic action of somatostatin--assessed by the artificial pancreas.
AB  - By means of a glucose-controlled insulin- and glucose-infusion system (GCIGIS) we
      examined the effect of somatostatin on insulin and glucose requirements following
      meals or oral glucose loads in juvenile diabetics. In six of seven patients the
      insulin requirement with somatostatin was remarkably reduced to between 38 per
      cent and 79 per cent of that of otherwise identical control experiments. No
      reduction could be found in the seventh case, fed only 575 kcal. In all cases we
      observed an increase in dextrose demanded from the GCIGIS ranging between 28 per
      cent and 192 per cent of the control amounts. In addition, a lowering and
      smoothing of postprandial blood glucose curves caused by somatostatin application
      was a general finding. It seems to us most likely that the well-known suppression
      of the secretion of growth hormone and glucagon, both insulin antagonists, is
      responsible for the antidiabetic action of somatostatin.

PMID- 1102370
TI  - Observations on patients with neural-tube defects in a metropolitan hospital
      clinic: an epidemiological history.
AB  - A survey of the population of the Spina Bifida Service (107 patients) of
      Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D.C., and of a control population in
      the same hospital revealed that, although situated in an ethnically heterogeneous
      area, Service patients with a history of neural-tube defects in siblings or
      family significantly more often had ancestors on both sides from the British
      Isles than did either isolated cases or the controls. In addition, of 107
      families reviewed, nine had more than one affected child, nine had a positive
      family history for neural-tube defects, and nine of the patients and seven of an
      estimated total of 220 siblings had an unrelated major birth-defect. These
      incidences are among the highest published so far. Contrary to other surveys,
      there was no deficiency of twinning among the sibships, nor of males among the
      Spina Bifida Service patients. These observations indicate the desirability of
      studying each population of patients with neural-tube defects in order to provide
      more realistic counseling and so that clues may be gathered as to the genetic
      mechanisms and environmental factors which led to the production of such defects.

PMID- 1102371
TI  - Toxic encephalopathy and acute brain-swelling in children.
AB  - Problems in the diagnosis and management of children who present with an acute
      encephalopathic illness are examined. The aetiology, pathogenesis, pathology and
      clinical features of acute toxic encephalopathies are discussed, together with
      the differential diagnosis of those encephalopathies which are not induced by
      toxicity. Guidance is given on measures for the reduction of raised intracranial
      pressure and the management of defects of homeostasis. It is essential that
      facilities for intensive monitoring of these children be available during the
      acute phase of illness in order to reduce the number surviving with sequelae of
      mental and physical handicap.

PMID- 1102372
TI  - Foetal-associated material: its expression in long-term cultured human skin.
AB  - Using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, we have demonstrated the
      presence of "foetal substances" (antigens) in skin kept in tissue culture medium
      for periods of time ranging from 9 days-18 weeks. This is a specific reaction
      demonstrated with an anti-human foetal serum raised in New Zealand white rabbits.
      It is suggested that the expression of foetal substances by cells in the skin
      under these abnormal conditions might lead to the masking or modification of the
      normal histo-compatible antigens, enabling such skins to survive transplantation
      without rejection.

PMID- 1102373
TI  - Organ culture of foetal rat pancreas. Effects of parabiotic culture with foetal
      adrenal glands.
AB  - The differentiation and growth of the foetal rat pancreas (20 days postcoitum)
      was studied in parabiotic organ culture with foetal adrenal tissue. In such co
      cultures, characteristic pancreatic morphology was preserved and further acinar
      cell differentiation was fostered. Acinar cells contiunued to represent about 65%
      of the total explant volume following short-term incubation. The selective islet
      cell proliferation, previously observed in control pancreatic explants cultured
      alone, did not occur when adrenals were co-cultured. In addition, the amylase
      content of the incubation media and of the explanted pancreatic tissue remained
      high with adrenal co-culture, while the insulin content of the media and of the
      explanted tissue was markedly suppressed when compared to control pancreatic
      explants cultured alone. The effects of the adrenal in maintaining the
      differentiated acinar component of the pancreas and suppressing media insulin
      concentration diminished over extended incubation. The addition of adrenals to
      culture of foetal pancreatic explants after 6 days of control culture (at a time
      when differentiated acinar cells were not identifiable in the explant) did not
      result in redifferentiation of the acinar component, but did markedly depress
      media insulin content. Removal of adrenals after 4 days of co-culture resulted in
      an immediate rise in media insulin concentration and a rapid decline in
      pancreatic acinar mass. An adrenal-exocrine pancreatic axis is proposed and it is
      suggested that foetal adrenal secretions may play an important role in the
      development of the exocrine pancreas in vivo as well as in vitro.

PMID- 1102374
TI  - [The Caceres-USPHS (version HP-3) computer program. Evaluation of automatic
      analysis of 40,000 ECG (author's transl)].
AB  - The main features of Caceres-USPHS (version HP-3) program for automatic analysis
      of the ECG are reviewed. Our experience at the Ospedale Regionale di Udine has
      now reached a total of 40,000 tracings analyzed by such a program and with an HP
      1530-A computer system. In a detailed study of 1,000 consecutive computer
      analyzed tracings reviewed by three experienced cardiologists, 534 were normal
      and 466 abnormal. A high degree of specificity was detected in the normal group
      (only 1.5% of false negatives) while the sensivity was rather low. In the
      abnormal group there were 18.1% of false positives and while the agreement was
      100% in complete bundle branch block and some types of infarction, it was 56% in
      atrial fibrillation and 47% in incomplete right bundle branch block. Program
      errors were more common in measurements and pattern recognition; they were
      unusual in the program logic (0.3%). A significant improvement over comparable
      data obtained one year previously was attributed to a better quality control in
      data recording and to increase physician acceptance of the program diagnostic
      criteria. On the current and past figures of accuracy, it is concluded that the
      version HP-3 of Caceres-USPHS program represents a step forward in computer
      derived ECG interpretation. However more progress is still needed for a larger
      and more profitable clinical application of this ECG computer program.

PMID- 1102375
TI  - A new user-oriented electrocardiographic program.
AB  - A new program for electrocardiographic processing will become available in 1975,
      "tuned", as part of a system, to take advantage of newer computer and data
      acquisition hardware at the same time as past experience on other programs has
      been carefully retained. User flexibility is a key feature along with safe
      methodology. The program is undergoing modification as part of a data pool user
      plan.

PMID- 1102376
TI  - Experiences with different computerprograms for the ECG-analysis.
AB  - As the use of computers for ECG-analysis has left the stage of laboratory
      investigation, and different systems are offered by industrial firms with high
      grade promises concerning their reliability, it seemed about time to perform an
      evaluation of the programs available. Each ECG of 252 adult patients was recorded
      in one session from adhesive electrodes within 10 minutes on the magnetic tapes
      of the data-acquisition-units of four different manufacturers. The computer
      analysis of each of these ECGs was done by six programs of Pordy (Mt. Sinai
      Hospital, New York), Caceres, Smith (Mayo Clinic, Rochester), Arvedson, Riedl
      with modified criteria of the USPHS and Riedl with criteria of the Minnesota
      code. Besides this each ECG was also analysed in the conventional way by each of
      the three cardiologists involved in this study. The results of the computers' and
      the physicians' analysis concerning rhythm, extrasystoles, infarctions and ST-T
      segment-variations are demonstrated and discussed.

PMID- 1102377
TI  - [The use of computers in the exercise of electrocardiography (author's transl)].
AB  - The use of computers in the exercise of electrocardiography is considered. The
      problems related to this use concern the choice of leads, the filtration of the
      signal, the recognition of characteristic segments of ECG, the calculation of
      various indexes and their statistical evaluation for diagnostic purposes. The
      authors use a bipolar derivation filtered by averaging and digital filters. The
      characteristic points of ECG are recognized by the analysis of the curvature. The
      Tchebycheff coefficients of the S-T tract are evaluated; they appeared to be a
      very good means for judging positive and negative cases.

PMID- 1102378
TI  - Antitumor activity of polysaccharides from Serratia marcescens.
AB  - A lipopolysaccharide (serratigen) and a polysaccharide (serratimannan) were
      isolated from Serratia marcescens, red strain No. 51. They were different from
      any other polysaccharides previously reported. The antitumor activity of these
      polysaccharides was determined. Serratimannan showed 63% tumor inhibition and
      serratigen 38%, at a dose of 150 mg/kg, against solid tumor of sarcoma-180 using
      ICR mice. The fraction obtained by removal of proteins from the crude extract by
      the Sevag method showed a high antitumor activity against solid tumor of sarcoma
      180 using Swiss albino mice, but did not show so high an activity using ICR mice.
      In total packed cell volume method, these polysaccharides exhibited a high rate
      of antitumor activity against ascites tumor of sarcoma-180.

PMID- 1102379
TI  - Immunotherapy of human malignant melanoma with oil-attached BCG cell-wall
      skeleton.
AB  - A first case of malignant melanoma treated with oil-attached BCG cell-wall
      skeleton (BCG-CWS) is reported. The patient, a 70-year-old farmer, with
      metastatic malignant melanoma was treated intralesionally with oil-attached BCG
      CWS or was given intradermally with oil-attached BCG-CWS together with irradiated
      autologous and allogeneic tumor cells. Four months after the start of the
      immunotherapy with oil-attached BCG-CWS, Primary tumor and metastatic inguinal
      lymph nodes regressed markedly without any significant complications.
      Lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood was usually observed after injection of oil
      attached BCG-CWS.

PMID- 1102380
TI  - Immunofluorescent staining of gastric mucosal glycoprotein in gastric carcinoma
      of dogs and rats induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.
AB  - Immunohistological studies, using the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibody
      against gastric mucosal glycoprotein, were made during the development of gastric
      cancer, induced in dogs and rats by oral administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N
      nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). In an early stage, the regenerative glands were lined by
      fluorescent mucus cells. Carcinoma cells of orderly glandular structure, produced
      in dogs, were devoid of fluorescence. Carcinoma cells of less differentiation,
      produced in rats during further advanced stage, were well fluorescent. The
      immunofluorescent profiles of such experimentally induced gastric carcinoma were
      found to be the same as those of human gastric adenocarcinoma.

PMID- 1102381
TI  - Effect of Nocardia and Mycobacterium cell-wall skeleton on autochthonous tumor
      grafts.
AB  - Cell-wall skeleton of Nocardia rubra and of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in the oil
      attached form, when injected mixes with autografts of spontaneous mammary
      adenocarcinoma or of methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma of mice, suppresses the
      growth of tumor autografts to a demonstrate extent. The BCG whole cell wall
      showed no effect. The local destruction of tumor autografts did not induce
      recognizable systemic immunity to the respective tumors. These findings are
      commended upon from immunological and chemical points of view.

PMID- 1102382
TI  - Peptic diseases.

PMID- 1102383
TI  - [Iron treatment by effervescent tablets (author's transl)].
AB  - In a randomized double-blind study the new effervescent iron tablet Loesferron
      was tested in 57 postpartum patients. Hgb and red blood count rose significantly
      with this treatment. It was found that on effervescent tablet daily was
      sufficient for a satisfactory result of the treatment. No side effects were noted
      to this well tasting iron beverage. The reason is probably the prior dilution of
      the iron compound which delivers lower local iron potentials to the gastric
      mucosa.

PMID- 1102384
TI  - [Foreign body granulation in the breast after injection of a polyvinylpyrrolidone
      containing preparation. A case report (author's transl)].
AB  - A case is reported of a patient who developed large foreign body granulations in
      the breast and in the epigastric area after injection of a polyvinylpyrrolidone
      containing medication (Depot-Impletol).

PMID- 1102385
TI  - APUD cells in the endocrine pancreas and the intestine of chick embryos.

PMID- 1102386
TI  - Observations on the cell types present in the principal islet of the dab Limanda
      limanda.

PMID- 1102387
TI  - Reversion studies with exrB in Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1102388
TI  - Mutants affecting histidine utilization in Aspergillus nidulans.

PMID- 1102389
TI  - Trimethoprim-resistant mutants of E. coli K12: preliminary genetic mapping.

PMID- 1102390
TI  - An easy way of obtaining Aspergillus nidulans haploids in the parasexual cycle
      using N-glycosyl polifungin.

PMID- 1102391
TI  - Unusual characteristics of the receptor for the N sex factor-specific filamentous
      phage IKe.

PMID- 1102392
TI  - The characteristics of eleven mutants of R-factor R57 constitutive for
      tetracycline resistance, selected and tested in Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 1102393
TI  - Properties of the R factor R144drd3 in Klebsiella pneumoniae strain M5al.

PMID- 1102394
TI  - Double-blind evaluation of naftidrofuryl in treating elderly confused
      hospitalised patients.
AB  - In a double-blind comparison between naftidrofuryl and placebo, naftidrofuryl
      treated patients improved significantly on scales completed by the nurse,
      occupational therapist and physician. No improvement was found for placbo-treated
      patients. When the response to each treatment was compared, naftidrofuryl was
      found to be significantly better than placebo on both nurse and physician
      assessment. There was considerable variation between assessors which suggests
      that they were measuring different aspects of the patients' condition. There was
      also considerable variation in patient response, some improved on naftidrofuryl
      and some deteriorated; some improved on placebo and some deteriorated. However,
      overall it would seem that patients admitted to hospital with confusional states
      benefit from treatment with naftidrofuryl.

PMID- 1102395
TI  - Immune function and survival in a long-lived mouse strain subjected to
      undernutrition.
AB  - Functional immune changes were monitored in populations of the long-lived
      C57BL/6J strain of mice which were subjected to dietary restriction from time of
      weaning or subjected to such restriction both before and after weaning, along
      with the appropriate control populations. Responses to T and B cell mitogens
      (PHA, Con-A, pokeweed, bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and PPD), to injected sheep
      red blood cells, and measurement of skin allograft rejection rates were followed.
      Early in life, restricted mice appear immunosuppressed, as judged by all these
      parameters. Skin allograft rejection remained suppressed until relatively late in
      life. Other responses tended to reverse from the earlier pattern; by mid-life
      restricted mice responded better than controls. Dietary restriction profoundly
      affects the immune system. Mice on such regimes display anatomic and certain
      immune functional changes which suggest that the immune system may mature less
      rapidly and stay "younger" longer than in the controls. Furthermore, dietary
      restriction results in prolongation of life span.

PMID- 1102396
TI  - Computerized tomography: A recent advance in evaluating senile dementia.

PMID- 1102397
TI  - Reticulin antibodies in patients with coeliac disease and their relatives.
AB  - The sera of 69 index coeliac patients, 121 of their first-degree relatives, and
      104 controls were screened for the presence of reticulin antibodies. Among the
      untreated coeliac patients 75% of adults and 93% of children had reticulin
      antibody in their serum. Reticulin antibody was not present in any adequately
      treated coeliac patient. Of the first-degree relatives, 21 were reticulin
      antibody positive; 17 of these were biopsied and 12 were shown to have coeliac
      disease. Sixty-five of the coeliac relatives who did not have reticulin
      antibodies in their sera were biopsied and two had coeliac disease. Of the 68
      relatives and 63 controls with normal biopsies, five of the relatives and four of
      the controls were reticulin antibody positive.

PMID- 1102398
TI  - Early changes in coagulation following a paracetamol overdose and a controlled
      trial of fresh frozen plasma therapy.
AB  - Early changes in coagulation were found in patients following a paracetamol
      overdose. Low levels of clotting factors II, V and VII were present within 24
      hours of the overdose. As the levels of factor II correlated with plasma
      fibrinogen values at this time, it is possible that they were consumed in the
      process of intravascular coagulation, although this was not supported by the
      presence of raised titres of fibrin degradation products. The prothrombin time
      ratio was greater than 2-2 within 30 hours of ingestion of the overdose in all
      patients who eventually died, whereas it was less than this in those developing
      only moderate liver damage. The administration of fresh frozen plasma to patients
      did appear to reduce the maximum abnormality of the prothrombin time ratio, which
      was significantly less three days after the overdose in the group receiving fresh
      frozen plasma. However, the coagulation disturbance was of short duration, and
      the prothrombin time ratio had also returned to normal within one week of the
      overdose in the control patients, and the administration of fresh frozen plasma
      did not appear to reduce the morbidity or mortality in the treated patients.

PMID- 1102399
TI  - The use of fresh frozen plasma or a concentrate of factor IX as replacement
      therapy before liver biopsy.
AB  - Thirty patients with various types of chronic liver disease and a prothrombin
      time prolonged for four or more seconds who required needle liver biopsy for
      diagnostic purposes were given either fresh frozen plasma or a concentrate of
      clotting factors as a prophylactic measure. The prothrombin time returned to
      within normal limits in seven of the 15 patients given the concentrate and in
      three of those receiving fresh frozen plasma. Levels of factors II, IX, and X
      showed increases of about 30% following concentrate administration; corresponding
      rises in the group given fresh frozen plasma were less. This was because of the
      smaller quantity of clotting factors administered with fresh frozen plasma and
      the increase in factor II and IX activity/kg body weight/unit of clotting factor
      injected was greater when fresh frozen plasma was used. In neither group was
      there clinical evidence of bleeding, but it was of interest that most of the
      clotting factor levels, except in factor II, before biopsy were above those
      normally required for haemostasis. No evidence of disseminated intravascular
      coagulation was found with the concentrate injection, and the most worrying
      finding was the appearance of HBAg some months later in three patients, two from
      the concentrate group and one from those given fresh frozen plasma. However, the
      conversion of these patients to HBAg positive may be unrelated to the clotting
      factor replacement therapy.

PMID- 1102400
TI  - Function of the anal sphincters in spinal man.
AB  - Eight patients with traumatic transverse lesions of the spinal cord and eight
      healthy controls were examined with respect to the function of the anal
      sphincters. Continuous recordings of anal pressure and electromyograms from the
      striated sphincter muscles were obtained during gradual rectal distension by
      means of an air-filled balloon. The patients were more prone than the controls to
      display a cessation of all electrical activity from the striated muscles in
      response to rectal distension and they also exhibited a less pronounced inflation
      reflex. It is concluded that upon rectal distension in normal man the striated
      muscles are stimulated by a cerebral centre at an unconscious level as well as by
      a low centre of the spinal cord. The former accounts for an augmented inflation
      reflex and maintained or increased electrical activity when rectal distension is
      substantial. The smooth internal sphincter was found to be independent of
      cerebral influence at rest as well as during rectal distension.

PMID- 1102401
TI  - Aspiration biopsy of carcinoma of the pancreas.
AB  - Peroperative pancreatic aspiration biopsies were performed on 21 patients with
      pancreatic lesions using a standard 20-ml disposable syringe and a 21-gauge
      needle. No complications were recorded which could be attributed to this
      procedure. A further 10 aspiration biopsies were carried out on postmortem
      specimens in an attempt to determine the accuracy of this method in the diagnosis
      of carcinoma of the pancreas. It is concluded that peroperative pancreatic needle
      biopsy is a safe procedure which is easily performed without special instruments.
      In can be of enormous value to the surgeon in planning the treatment of patients
      with pancreatic lesions. In cases where there is an operable mass in the pancreas
      it offers a simple and quick method of determining the presence of malignant
      cells and thus definitive surgery may be performed with confidence. For the
      inoperable cases it offers a method of histological confirmation of the operative
      findings.

PMID- 1102402
TI  - The Lundh test in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease: a comment from the
      moderator.

PMID- 1102403
TI  - [9 years of experience with renal transplantation].

PMID- 1102404
TI  - [Effect of sex hormones in prolonging survival of skin homografts in rabbits].

PMID- 1102405
TI  - [Segmental resection of the skeleton in malignant bone tumors].

PMID- 1102406
TI  - [Action mechanism of sodium polyacrylates against stomach ulcer].
AB  - Three sodium polyacrylates (PAS) with different viscosities were examined for
      antiulcerogenic properties. Rats were fed with sugar containing a PAS for 4 hr
      and subjected to 12 hr reserpinization or stress by water immersion. Lower
      incidence of ulceration and larger amount of stomach content after the experiment
      were found in the PAS administered groups. The higher viscous PAS was more
      effective in prevention of ulceration and in prolongation of gastric emptying.
      Intragastric administration of the drugs to pylorus ligated rats reduced
      forestomach ulceration. However, differences in the antiulcerogenic activity of
      three drugs were not observed. The effects on the gastric secretion of three PAS
      (50 mg) were also examined, using pylorus ligated (6 hr) rats. In PAS groups, the
      free acid in the gastric juice was reduced to some extent. There was, however, no
      relation between the antiacid effect and viscosity. The drugs inhibited the
      peptic digestion in vitro, but the difference of viscosity was not related to the
      antipeptic effect. It is concluded that prolongation of gastric emptying may be a
      major factor in the antiulcerogenic activity of PAS.

PMID- 1102407
TI  - [On the 90th birthday of Prof. Aurel Rethi].

PMID- 1102408
TI  - The effect of fatty acids and ketone bodies on the biosynthesis of insulin in
      isolated pancreatic islets of obese hyperglycemic mice.
AB  - Collagenase-isolated islets from obese hyperglycemic mice were used to study the
      effects of fatty acids and ketone bodies on insulin biosynthesis. The
      biosynthetic rate was quantitated as the incorporation of 3H-leucine into
      proinsulin and insulin, which were separated from the crude islet homogenates
      with anti-insulin serum coupled to cyanogen bromide activated Sepharose 4B.
      Palmitate and oleate did not stimulate the incorporation into proinsulin and
      insulin while 16.7 mM glucose caused a nine-fold increase of 3H-leucine
      incorporation during a 3 h incubation as compared to the basal buffer alone. A
      weak stimulatory effect was seen with 5 mM octanoate. The ketone bodies had a
      weak stimulating effect on islet protein biosynthesis, but no preferential
      stimulus to the insulin biosynthesis was found.

PMID- 1102409
TI  - Evidence for the D-cell of the pancreas secreting somatostatin.
AB  - By immunofluorescence, somatostatin-, glucagon- and insulin-containing cells are
      localized in serial sections of the pigeon pancreas. The distribution of the
      somatostatin immunofluorescent-cells corresponds to that of the D-cells (A1
      cells), which are particularly numerous in this animal species. This observation,
      coupled with the finding of D, A and B-cells at the ultrastructural level,
      indicates that the D-cell is responsible for the secretion of somatostatin.

PMID- 1102410
TI  - Proceedings: Organization of Escherichia coli aspartokinase I-Homoserine
      dehydrogenase I, an allosteric enzyme. -- Its possible origin by gene fusion and
      its evolutionary relationship with enzymes of the same biochemical pathway.

PMID- 1102411
TI  - A naturally occurring Cu-thionein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AB  - A naturally occurring monodisperse Cu-thionein was prepared using ammonium
      sulfate precipitation followed by ion exchange (DEAE 23) and gel chromatography
      (Sephadex G-75). The chromatographic steps were repeated at least twice, or until
      the Cu-thionein remained homogeneous when subjected to analytical polyacrylamide
      disc electrophoresis. The molecular weight of this copper protein was 9500+/-500.
      Up to 24.3% cysteine residues were determined, indicating the relationship to the
      metallothioneins. Aromatic amino acids were virtually absent, while there were
      about three times as many acidic amino acid residues, including aspartate and
      glutamate, as in metallothioneins. 10 g atoms of Cu were measured per mole of
      protein. The copper binding strength of thionein was extremely high. Displacement
      by protons (pH 1.5) and gel chromatography or dialysis employing EDTA were not
      effective. Dialysis against diethyldithiocarbamate produced a protein essentially
      free of copper. Both the ultraviolet properties and the circular dichroism
      measurements proved identical with those properties reported for artificially
      prepared Cu-thionein (see ref.[1]. The major absorption was in the far
      ultraviolet region with a weak shoulder at 270 nm attributable to copper charge
      transfer transititions. 6 Cotton extrema were seen at 213, 283 and 302 nm
      (negative) and 245, 328 and 359 nm (positive). The possible role of Cu-thionein
      as an electron transport system was discussed.

PMID- 1102412
TI  - Metabolic transformation of colchicine, III. Inhibition of phosphatases by the
      metabolite O10-demethylcolchicine (colchiceine) and their reactivation by
      divalent cations.
AB  - Colchicine and some of its metabolites and derivatives were investigated
      regarding their inhibitory action against alkaline phosphatases from E. coli and
      calf intestine, and against acid phosphatase from potato. Colchicine itself was
      essentially ineffective, also its metabolites O2-demethyl- and O3
      demethylcolchicine. The metabolite O10-demethylcolchicine (= colchiceine) was
      found to be a powerful, non-competitive inhibitor for all three phosphatases with
      Ki in the range of 0.45-6.0mM. Amongst the derivatives of colchicine,
      colchiceyltaurine proved to be a non-competitive inhibitor of acid phosphatase
      (Ki=3.0mM); desacetylcolchiceine behaved like colchiceine. The inhbitory actions
      of colchiceine and desacetylcholchiceine could be completely reversed by the
      addition of Mg2, Ca2, or Zn2, respectively. This interaction with divalent
      cations demonstrates a novel type of action of the metabolite colchiceine when
      compared with its mother alkaloid and is possibly of major biological
      significance.

PMID- 1102413
TI  - Interactions of concanavalin A with isolated pancreatic islets.
AB  - Pancreatic islets of mice were isolated by the collagenase method. After a
      preincubation period of 20 min they were incubated in Krebs-Ringer-albumin buffer
      in the presence of glucose. Concanavalin A (2 mg/ml) inhibits the glucose-induced
      release of insulin; this same property is shown by Concanavalin A bound to
      nonphagocytosable beads of Sephrose at lower concentrations (0.4 mg/ml). In
      pancreatic islets stimulated by tolbutamide, glibenclamide or arginine the
      secretion of insulin is not inhibited in the presence of Concanavalin A. The
      incorporation of tritiated leucine is not influenced by Concanavalin A. Since
      desialized pancreatic islets react in the same way the glucose-induced secretion
      of insulin appears to be a membrane-dependent process.

PMID- 1102414
TI  - AHA provides assistance on SSA revised schedule of limits.

PMID- 1102415
TI  - Sen. Richard S. Schweiker (R-PA).

PMID- 1102416
TI  - Simplified method costs only 23 cents per patient day.

PMID- 1102417
TI  - Justin Ford Kimball award: Earl H. Kammer.

PMID- 1102418
TI  - Capital close-up. Rep. Donald D. Clancy (R-OH).

PMID- 1102419
TI  - Medicare modernization: the only game in town.

PMID- 1102420
TI  - Energy. Hospitals cope with the crunch.

PMID- 1102421
TI  - Interview with James F. Hastings of New York.

PMID- 1102422
TI  - AHA president reviews three years in office.

PMID- 1102423
TI  - Commentaries on the SSA's prudent buyer principle.

PMID- 1102424
TI  - The team approach to primary hyperparathyroidism.

PMID- 1102425
TI  - The role of the human pathologist in the management of drug induced hepatic
      injury.

PMID- 1102426
TI  - Thyroglossal duct carcinoma.
AB  - Primary carcinoma of the thyroglossal duct is rare. This discussion reports two
      cases and reviews the 50 previously reported in the literature. The criteria for
      diagnosis include evidence of a thyroglossal duct remnant and a normal thyroid
      gland. The differentiation from cystic metastases to lymph nodes is pointed out.
      The histologic types parallel those of carcinoma of the thyroid gland, papillary
      carcinoma being the most common and having a generally favorable prognosis. The
      clinical presentation of these tumors is similar to that with benign cysts and
      thus is of limited value in the diagnosis.

PMID- 1102427
TI  - Recent developments in foetal haemoglobin research.
AB  - There have been numerous new contributions to the knowledge of foetal haemoglobin
      over the last few years. It is, therefore, timely to review them together. They
      throw light on the arrangement on the chromosome of non-alpha chain genes, and on
      the condition generally known as Hereditary Persistence of Foetal Haemoglobin
      (HPFH) and have contributed to other aspects of human ontogeny and physiology.

PMID- 1102428
TI  - Apparent "in situ" clone of cytogenetically marked ataxia-telangiectasia
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Six adjacent metaphases, each with the same cytogenetic aberration of a group D
      chromosome, most probably a No. 14, were observed in a field of a slide from a 96
      hour culture of lymphocytes from an individual with ataxia-telangiectasia (AT).
      None of the 304 other metaphases examined from this or other simultaneous
      cultures of this individual showed such an aberration. It seems most likely that
      an "in situ" marked clone has been observed and this supports interpretation of
      consistent cytogenetic abnormalities in those with AT as having clonal origin.
      The method of slide preparation employed which involves placing, rather than
      dropping, the cell suspension on the slide may facilitate detection of "in situ"
      clones.

PMID- 1102429
TI  - Computer classification of pneumoconiosis from radiographs of coal workers.

PMID- 1102430
TI  - Charles a. Lindbergh 1902--1974.

PMID- 1102431
TI  - V World Congress of Cardiology Souvenir Oration. Recent trends in the management
      of hypertension.

PMID- 1102432
TI  - Giant cell tumour of metacarpals.

PMID- 1102433
TI  - Radiology in primary reticulum cell sarcoma of bone (a review of 53 cases).

PMID- 1102434
TI  - Hypoglycemia.

PMID- 1102435
TI  - Sugar and dental decay.

PMID- 1102436
TI  - [Possibilities of a quality control in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - A method is described which allows a quality control for demonstrating
      mycobacteria in the diangosis of tuberculosis. It does not test the
      differentiating procedures, but the manner of culturing and concentrating the
      bacteria by applying a statistical evaluation of serial experiments, thus
      allowing the statistically proven determination of the bacterial count. For this
      an evaluation method given by Cavalli-Storza was employed.

PMID- 1102437
TI  - [Cellular immune reaction in acute and chronic viral hepatitis (author's
      transl)].
AB  - The course of viral hepatitis is markedly influenced by the immunologic response
      to the infective agent. The immune defense of viral diseases is specially
      connected to an intact function of T lymphocytes. Investigation of T cell
      function during acute and chronic viral hepatitis showed an altered immune
      response, recognizable from the relative number of T lymphocytes, the affinity
      and ability of lymphocytes to be stimulated by phytohemagglutinin and the
      demonstration of in vivo activated lymphocytes. Although the interpretation of
      some of these findings is still difficult, the study of the various cellular
      immune reactions permits a better understanding of the pathogenesis and course of
      viral hepatitis.

PMID- 1102438
TI  - Dan Hampton Campbell.

PMID- 1102439
TI  - Oncology and immunology: cross reactions between developing sciences.

PMID- 1102440
TI  - Commentary on immunology and the invertebrates.

PMID- 1102441
TI  - The function of antibody in local immunity in the small bowel.

PMID- 1102442
TI  - Destruction of bacterial endotoxin pyrogenicity by hydrogen peroxide.

PMID- 1102443
TI  - Are cells in liver tissue relevant to immunology?

PMID- 1102444
TI  - The potentiality of antibody-producing cells. I Bispecific cell occurrence in
      double stimulated cultures of syngeneic or allogeneic spleen cells of the mouse.
AB  - Cultures of spleen cells from Swiss, C57Bl or DBA/2 mice stimulated with 2,4,6
      trinitrophenyl (TNP) conjugated sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) were used for studying
      the in vitro responses to TNP and native SRBC antigens and the frequency of
      occurrence of cells responding to both antigens. The response was revealed by
      plating the cultured cells with both native SRBC and TNP-conjugated pigeon
      erythrocytes (TNP--PRBC). Specific responses were obtained in all the cultures.
      Bispecific haemolytic plaque-forming cells (PFC) were detected in almost all
      cultures of individual Swiss mice cells with a frequency of 2-5--14 PFC/10(6)
      cells recovered. In DBA/2 cell cultures bispecific PFC were found in half the
      cultures (2-5--8-3/10(6) cells) and in C57Bl cell cultures in 30 per cent of the
      cultures (7--21/10(6) cells). When cells from individual Swiss mice immunized in
      vivo with TNP--SRBC were as an allogeneic culture from the 2nd day after
      immunization in the presence of TNP--SRBC, the frequency of bispecific PFC
      increased from 8 to 30/10(6) cells. Mixed allogeneic cultures of normal C57Bl and
      DBA/2 cells yielded high specific responses with regular occurrence of bispecific
      PFC only when the numbers of cells cultured together was small. However, when
      allogeneic cells were mixed 24 hours after starting the cultures, all responses
      were stimulated and bispecific PFC were found in considerable numbers (4-
      33/10(6) cells). Cross-reactivity between TNP--PRBC and native SRBC antigens was
      studied by culturing cells with each of the antigens and plating the cells with
      both, or by immunizing in vivo with SRBC or PRBC and culturing the cells with
      both antigens from the 2nd to the 5th day after immunization with both antigens.
      In no instance did bispecific PFC exceed background levels (0-1--0-6/10(6) cells)
      in these control experiments.

PMID- 1102445
TI  - DNA synthesis in rabbit spleen explants. Its relationship to cell division.
AB  - The synthesis of DNA, as measured by the incorporation of [3H]-thymidine into the
      nuclei of cells of cultured explants of rabbit spleen, has been studied and
      correlated with estimation of DNA content of these nuclei using Feulgen
      densitometry, with and without colcemid arrest. Observations of the proportion of
      nuclei labelled with [3H]thymidine and their DNA content indicated that many
      cells were incorporating this precursor for DNA synthesis without the concomitant
      increases in DNA expected of cells in division cycle. Colcemid arrest failed to
      produce the changes in DNA content expected of a cell population as rapidly
      dividing as the labelling kinetics suggested. The results indicated that
      [3H]thymidine-labelled material, possibly DNA, was being transferred between
      cells and this accounted for the increased labelling index seen after pulsing
      with [3H]thymidine. The suppression of [3H]thymidine uptake by hydroxyurea
      indicated that this was not repair synthesis of damaged DNA.

PMID- 1102446
TI  - Effects of mitogens for mouse B lymphocytes on chicken lymphoid cells.
AB  - Lipopolysaccharide from E. coli (LPS) and purified protein derivative from
      tuberculin (PPD) increased the [3H]thymidine incorporation of chicken spleen
      cells in culture. No such stimulation was observed with dextran sulphate. Thymus
      and bursa lymphocytes were not stimulated by any of these compounds. Spleen cells
      from chickens chemically bursectomized with cyclophosphamide treatment showed
      decreased responses to LPS and PPD, but responded normally to the T-cell mitogen
      concanavalin A. None of the tested mitogens induced polyclonal antibody synthesis
      or directly enhanced the primary antibody response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC)
      in spleen cell cultures. LPS-coated SRBC, however, enhanced the in vitro antibody
      response to SRBC. The results suggest a moderate proliferative response of
      chicken lymphocytes to LPS and PPD, possibly involving B cells, but not further
      effects comparable to those on mouse B lymphocytes.

PMID- 1102447
TI  - Non-specific and DNP--erythrocyte rosette formation after contact sensitization
      with DNCB.
AB  - DNA--guinea-pig erythrocyte rosette-forming cells (RFC), as found after contact
      sensitization of guinea-pigs with DNCB, were shown to be highly sensitive to
      pretreatment with cyclophosphamide or X-irradiation, which suggests that these
      cells are B cells. The finding was confirmed by rosette-blocking experiments
      using an anti-immunoglobulin serum. It has already been shown that they are not
      directly related to antibody production. Possibly they represent precursors of
      antibody-producing cells. An increase in rosette formation, using non
      antigenically related erythrocytes, was shown to parallel development of cell
      mediated immunity (CMI) in the lymph nodes. These non-specifically induced RFC
      were also found to be B cells. Data were obtained which make it improbable that
      either proliferation or influx of B cells during development of CMI plays a major
      role in this increase. An alternative mechanism is suggested, while a possible
      role for these non-specifically induced RC is proposed.

PMID- 1102448
TI  - Age of menarche--a review.

PMID- 1102449
TI  - Hemagglutination test in 150 children with diarrhoea and 100 normal children.

PMID- 1102450
TI  - Escherichia coli serotypes in diarrhoea of children and neonates.

PMID- 1102451
TI  - Letter: Use of BCG in place of tuberculin to identify human tuberculous
      infection.

PMID- 1102452
TI  - Dosage adjustments of cefazolin according to the pharmacokinetics of this new
      cephalosporin.
AB  - Serum and urine levels of cefazolin were studied: 1. following a single 500mg
      intra-muscular dose of the drug in normal subjects (n = 10), in patients with
      renal impairment (n = 12) and in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (n
      = 10); 2. following a single 500 mg intra-venous dose of the drug in normal
      subjects (n = 10). In normal subjects, serum half-lives averaged 1.75 hour after
      intravenous injection (Ke = 0.395) and 2.22 hours after intra-muscular injection
      (Ke = 0.312); urinary recovery of cefazolin over a six hours period amounted to
      61% after intra-venous injection and to 47.5% after intra-muscular injection. The
      renal clearance of the drug approximated 40 ml/mn. A linear correlation (Ke =
      0.022 + 0.0028 CrCl) was established between the overall elimination rate
      constants and the creatinine clearances in the subjects under investigation. The
      various pharmacokinetic constants thus obtained can be used to calculate the
      maintenance doses, loading doses and dosage intervals adjusted according to
      creatinine clearances. These data actually yield dosage regimes adapted to each
      individual case according to the degree of renal function.

PMID- 1102453
TI  - [Antibody detection in infections with Serratia marcescens (author's transl)].
AB  - A report is given on the detection by agglutination and precipitation of
      antibodies against homologous strains in infections with Serratia marcescens. The
      results of the investigation indicate that antibody formation is likely if
      invasive forms are present. The agglutination titers were between 1:40 and 1:640.
      It can be presumed that, in addition to the patient's antibodies against the O
      antigen, antibodies are also formed against certain antigens with the character
      of ferments or toxins.

PMID- 1102454
TI  - Properties of lymphocytes in chronic HBAg-positive hepatitis. An approach to
      pathogenetic problems.
AB  - Lymphocytes from 22 children affected by chronic hepatitis were studied and a
      comparison was made with a control group of 32 healthy children in the same age
      range with respect to PHA dose-response curves. E-rosette formation and membrane
      immunoglobulin (Ig). From the results it appeared that PHA dose-response curves
      were displaced to the left (low PHA dose), DNA synthesis was significantly higher
      for all PHA dosages tested, and that the plasma of chronic hepatitis patients
      acted neither as inhibitor nor stimulator. The percentage of E-rosette-forming
      cells decreased, but the total number was normal. The mean percentage of Ig
      bearing cells was normal but the single values were spaced over a wide range. It
      can be assumed that, at least in the chronic stage, there is an enhanced response
      to PHA and an increased percentage of cells without markers either for T or for B
      cells.

PMID- 1102455
TI  - [Studies on the in vitro effects of cephalothin and gentamicin, alone and in
      combination, on proteus mirabilis and enterococci (author's transl)].
AB  - A combined antibiotic therapy is only useful in a few precisely defined clinical
      pictures where testing of the chemotherapeutics administered is required to
      determine their characteristics of action (antagonism, indifference, synergism)
      on the isolated organism. For the initial therapy of critical acute infections,
      simultaneous administration of cephalothin and gentamicin proved to be valuable.
      In the present study, the efficiency of these chemotherapeutics alone and in
      combination was investigated in a quantitative serial dilution test and with the
      membrane-filtration method. Thirty strains of Proteus mirabilis and enterococci
      showed only low sensitivity to the antibiotic alone. In combination, whereby
      gentamicin was at a constant level comparable to in vivo serum levels, an
      increase of bacteriostatic and bactericidal action could be demonstrated,
      especially for Proteus mirabilis. The antibacterial spectrum, the molecular
      biological mode of action, clinical experience and possible side-effects of the
      cephalotin-gentamicin combination are discussed.

PMID- 1102457
TI  - The need for orthodontic treatment: a periodontist's point of view.
AB  - Data at hand suggests that occlusal traumatism is not causally related to
      gingival inflammation. Nor does occlusal traumatism affect the severity of
      existing inflammation. While an effect of occlusal traumatism on the spread of
      inflammation has been postulated, most observations seem to question such an
      interaction. Malposition of teeth has not been proven to be an etiologic factor
      in inflammatory periodontal disease nor could the degree of periodontal disease
      severity be consistently associated with improper tooth position. While malposed
      teeth may make plaque removal more difficult, specific oral hygiene measures
      should overcome this handicap. Orthodontic appliances may act as local gingival
      irritants, either directly or as plaque accumulants, and should be designed to
      minimize such irritations. Finally, orthodontic treatment, by properly aligning
      tilted or drifted teeth which also exhibit infraosseous lesions, may improve
      periodontal therapy at such sites.

PMID- 1102456
TI  - General aspects on biotransformation and elimination of organic compounds in
      connection with occupational exposure.

PMID- 1102458
TI  - A social perspective on need and demand for orthodontic treatment.
AB  - In addition to needs fostered by actual physical disabilities resulting from
      malocclusion, need and demand for orthodontic treatment may develop entirely
      apart from any consideration of health needs. In fact, improvement of physical
      function is not the primary motivation of many persons who receive orthodontic
      care. A variety of social factors are related to perceived needs for acceptable
      dentofacial appearance and to public demand for orthodontic services. Since early
      times human teeth have been the object of mutilations to satisfy sociocultural
      expectations. The mutilation, and even removal of teeth, to achieve dental
      cultural norms in, so-called, primitive societies may appear barbaric to an
      ethnocentric society. However, a significant sociocultural need can be met
      equally by the African or Brazilian who has had teeth filed to a point and by the
      Western adolescent who having had four teeth surgically removed to provide space
      in the arch then undergoes two years of orthodontic therapy to reposition and
      straighten the remaining teeth. From a sociological point of view, the need and
      desire of members of a society to achieve a culturally acceptable body image
      constitutes neither frivolity nor luxury. If children's teeth do not naturally
      meet the norm for esthetic dental appearance, the response of families to
      sociocultural expectations and pressures produces a culturally valid need for
      orthodontic intervention. Other social factors affecting perceived need and
      demand for orthodontic care are socioeconomic, desire for upward social mobility,
      and social change with regard to public attitudes toward the availability of
      dental health services and the increasing removal of financial barriers.
      Potential changes in present US orthodontic practice may be required if care is
      to be delivered to significantly larger segments of the population.

PMID- 1102459
TI  - Organization of the Navy Dental Corps.
AB  - The US Navy Dental Corps was established by an act of Congress in 1912. Its
      membership consists of dental officers of the Regular Navy and Naval Reserve. The
      primary mission of the Corps is to prevent or remedy dental conditions that may
      interfere with the performance of duty by members of the active naval forces. The
      organizational structure within which the Dental Corps functions is discussed at
      some length. The Chief of the Dental Corps, under the Surgeon General, is
      responsible for the planning and direction of programs providing dental care to
      Navy and Marine Corps personnel and others authorized by law. Until recently, the
      majority of dental personnel received only technical assistance control from the
      Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; but in consonance with the goals of improving
      management effectiveness and achieving efficient use of personnel and material
      resources, the Navy Dental Corps has undertaken a program of regionalization of
      its facilities. The establishment of regional dental centers under one command
      permits immediate response to the needs of populations and the activities they
      serve, while at the same time reducing layering of administrative and fiscal
      burdens of existing dental departments at various commands, which allows more
      dental officers to devote their time to dental health care delivery.

PMID- 1102460
TI  - Leukocyte migration inhibition in nickel dermatitis.
AB  - Leukocyte migration inhibitory factor assay was employed as an in vitro
      diagnostic aid in nickel dermatitis, the second most common contact dermatitis in
      North America. 15 patch test-positive and 5 patch test-negative patients, all
      giving a past history suggestive of nickel dermatitis, were investigated.
      Significant inhibition of leukocyte migration in both groups of patients was
      obtained only with nickel sulfate-albumin conjugate and not with unconjugated
      nickel sulfate. Specificity of this system was tested by utilizing an unrelated
      metallic albumin complex, and no inhibition was found. When patch testing is
      equivocal or contraindicated, this in vitro technique may be a practical
      alternative.

PMID- 1102461
TI  - Production of homocytotropic antibody against acid extracts isolated from group A
      streptococcal cell walls in intact and adrenalectomized rats.
AB  - Intact and adrenalectomized rats of male Sprague-Dawley were injected with acid
      extracted materials isolated from group A streptococcal cell walls using aluminum
      gel as an adjuvant. We have clearly demonstrated the production of homocytotropic
      antibodies against this antigens in rats. However, the homocytotropic antibody
      titers in adrenalectomized rats were much higher than those in intact rats.

PMID- 1102462
TI  - Antiserum specific for reticulin of the bursa of fabricius.
AB  - Antiserum produced by immunizing rabbits with embryonic chicken spleen cells
      showed, after appropriate absorption with cell suspensions, specificity for fetal
      spleen cells in membrane immunofluorescence tests. However, when the original
      antiserum was absorbed with tissue homogenates and tested on cryostat tissue
      sections, it reacted specifically with the reticular framework which separates
      the cortical and medullary lymphocytes in the follicles of the adult bursa of
      Fabricius. It is suggested that the reticulin may influence bursal lymphoid
      differentiation.

PMID- 1102463
TI  - Ontogenetic aspects of sexual dimorphism and the primary immune response to sheep
      erythrocytes in hamsters from prepuberty through senescence.
AB  - Ontogeny of the primary response to sheep erythrocytes of age-matched groups of
      male and female hamsters was studied at various chronological ages ranging from
      prepuberty to senescence. Selected organs were likewise weighed upon sacrifice to
      obtain developmental patterns. Adrenal weights were higher in the male, and
      pituitary weights were higher in the female; for both organs typical dimorphism
      was demonstrable by 36 days. Spleen weight and index favored the female by 46
      days. Immunological sex dimorphism first appeared in groups injected at 53 days
      and autopsied at 58 days and persisted through senescence. Sexual dimorphism of
      antibody-mediated immunity, previously shown to favor the female in both the
      primary and secondary immune responses, thus follows the dimorphism of total
      amount of splenic lymphoid tissue and occurs shortly after realization of sexual
      maturity in the male. These findings support our previous suggestion of the
      suppressive effect of androgens on the antibody-mediated immune responsiveness of
      the male hamster.

PMID- 1102464
TI  - Epoxides metabolically produced from some known carcinogens and from some
      clinically used drugs. I. Differences in mutagenicity.
AB  - The epoxide metabolites of two clinically used drugs and an experimental
      psychotropic agent, carbamazepine 10,11-oxide, cyproheptadine 10,11-oxide and
      cyclobenzaprine 10,11-oxide, were fully devoid of any mutagenic activity under
      conditions where K-region-epoxide metabolites of some known carcinogens, such as
      benzo(a)pyrene, proved to be potent frameshift mutational agents for Salmonella
      typhimurium TA 1537 and TA 1538. All epoxides tested were non-mutagenic for TA
      1535, designed to detect substitution mutations. The 10,11-epoxides of the three
      drugs, carbamazepine, cyproheptadine and cyclobenzaprine, were not cytotoxic to
      any of the bacterial tester strains used, precluding that mutagenicity might have
      been overshadowed by cytotoxicity. When the mutagen, precursor, benzo(a)pyrene,
      was incubated together with TA 1537 and a mammalian microsomal preparation in the
      presence of a system generating the co-factor necessary for mono-oxygenase
      activity, activation to mutagenic species was observed which was dramatically
      increased in the presence of a potent epoxide hydratase inhibitor, 1,1,1
      trichloropropene 2,3-oxide, suggesting epoxide(s) as the (or one of the)
      mutagenically active species metabolically produced in situ. None of these
      effects was observed with the three medical drugs. Moreover, the observation that
      the alkene oxide 4-phenylstyrene 7,8-oxide is mutagenic to the two strains TA
      1537 and TA 1538 but the K-region arene oxide derived from 7,12
      dimethylbenz(a)anthracene is inactive for the latter strain indicates that
      epoxidation of an aromatic double bond of a polycyclic hydrocarbon is neither a
      necessary nor a satisfying condition for frameshift mutagenesis to occur.

PMID- 1102465
TI  - Surveys of drug use among young people.

PMID- 1102466
TI  - The development of the nursing labor force in the United States: a basic
      analysis.
AB  - In this article, we draw together some basic material on the objectives character
      of the nursing labor force in the United States. First, we present a statistical
      and descriptive picture of the nursing labor force as it exists today. Then we
      analyze the historical development of that labor force up to about 1950,
      stressing its general integration into a hierarchical and concentrated health
      industry. Finally, we look at the development of the nursing labor force over the
      past 25 years in terms of factors such as sex, race, age educational credentials,
      labor force participation, place of work, and the hierarchical division of labor,
      discussing the general implications of the changes in these factors for worker
      organization in the health industry. Our main conclusion is that the nursing
      labor force is in a kiey position to lead a movement for the restructing of the
      health industry to serve the health needs of the American people rather than the
      profit and power requirements of the health employers. The primary, and
      difficult, task ahead is to build labor organization which will have the vision
      and unity to work this goal.

PMID- 1102467
TI  - The women's health movement.
AB  - This article provides a brief overview of the history, current status, and future
      directions of the Women's Health Movement. The links between feminism and women's
      health issues are drawn and reasons for their simultaneous occurrence are
      suggested. It is shown that health issues are seen by the Movement has suspended
      in the larger social context from which they arise.

PMID- 1102468
TI  - The politics of birth control, 1920-1940: the impact of professionals.
AB  - Before the 1920s, a birth control movement arose in the United States out of
      socialist, feminist, and other radical groups concerned with women's rights and
      sexual freedom. After 1920 the birth control movement became gradually
      transformed into a respectable, nonradical reform cause, the recipient of large
      grants from big business, with women's rights secondary to an overriding concern
      with medical health and population control. This transformation was achieved
      through the professionalization of the birth control movement-that is, its
      takeover by professional experts, almost all male, in place of the radical
      amateur women, fighting for their own interests, who initiated it. The article
      examines two groups of professionals who were particularly influential in this
      transformation: doctors and academic eugenists. The former made birth control a
      medical issue, held back the development of popular sex education, and stifled a
      previously developing feminist approach to women's birth control needs. The later
      contributed racism to the birth control movement, helping to transform it into a
      population control movement with racist and anti-feminist overtones. Both groups,
      while they made contributions to the technology of contraception, simultaneously
      held back the spread of birth control by transforming the campaign for it from a
      popular, participatory cause to a professional staff lobbying operation.

PMID- 1102469
TI  - Sexual surgery in late-nineteenth-century America.
AB  - This article describes how the tendency of post-Civil War medicine accorded with
      general social tendencies. Doctors' attitudes toward women reflected their
      anxiety about female emancipation and changing sex roles. The specialty of
      gynecology emerged in significant part as a reaction to female emancipation. The
      strong surgical emphasis in American gynecology practice has continued. The
      operations, clitoridectomy and female castration, were intended to reimpose the
      traditional sexual order (the term "castration" and "female circumcision" implied
      women had become men). The paper goes on to describe the beginnings of
      psychosomatic medicine, the circularity of gynecologists' treatment of women, and
      the effects of this treatment. The operations were in part the expression of a
      symbiotic relation between doctor and patient. Because they expressed widespread
      and deep-seated beliefs, they were difficult to challenge.

PMID- 1102470
TI  - Sarcoidosis: recent reflections.

PMID- 1102471
TI  - Dermatology of Daniel Drake.

PMID- 1102472
TI  - Denaturation of thermophilic and mesophilic 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase by
      8M urea.
AB  - The denaturation reaction of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-phospho-D
      gluconate: NADP oxidoreductase (decarboxylating EC 1.1.1.44) from B.
      Stearothermophilus and E. coli in 8 M urea has been compared. The rates of
      denaturation were evaluated from the fluorescence quenching that occurs at 334
      nm. The thermophilic enzyme has been found about ten times more resistant to the
      action of the denaturating agent, and showed a biphasic denaturation process,
      whereas the E. coli enzyme followed a single first-order kinetics.

PMID- 1102473
TI  - Deglutition.

PMID- 1102474
TI  - Simple orthodontics as viewed from afar.

PMID- 1102475
TI  - Treatment of prostatic cancer with Estracyt (estramustine phosphate).
AB  - The experience gained with Estracyt, kindly supplied by AB LEO, Sweden, is
      reported. On the basis of former data in the literature we only used the drug in
      estrogen resistant and advanced cases. Estracyt (estramustine phosphate) is a
      nitrogen mustard derivative of the urethan type, attached to oestradiol-17
      phosphate. In histologically verified cases, it was administered in daily doses
      of 300 mg intravenously for three weeks, followed by maintenance doses of 300 mg
      a week in tablets for three months. During treatment, liver and bone marrow
      function was checked systematically. The changes in morphological picture were
      studied by means of biopsies during and at the end of treatment. In agreement
      with the data in the literature a favourable effect was observed in estrogen
      resistant patients, with no toxic effect whatever on the bone marrow. At the same
      time GOT and GPT and BSP retention examinations demonstrated a hepatotoxic side
      effect. The pathological values returned to normal after withdrawal of the drug.
      Histological examinations showed that the tumour cells had changed but failed to
      disappear after treatment.

PMID- 1102476
TI  - Current scientific interests of Division of Urology, U.C.L.A.

PMID- 1102477
TI  - [Non-tuberculous infections caused by Mycobacteria].

PMID- 1102478
TI  - [Lassa fever].

PMID- 1102479
TI  - [The infectious (plasmidic) bacterial antibiotic resistance].

PMID- 1102480
TI  - [Significance of liver biopsy in the diagnosis of fever of unknown origin].

PMID- 1102481
TI  - [Discussion comment on the paper by K.H. Meaer zum Buschenfelde and J.P.Bolte:
      Risk of hepatitis caused by blood and blood products and possibilities of
      hepatitis prevention, (this J. 15, 471-478(1974))].

PMID- 1102482
TI  - [Conclusion to the paper: Risk of hepatitis caused by blood and blood products
      and possibilities of hepatitis prevention].

PMID- 1102483
TI  - The Awards Program of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology.

PMID- 1102484
TI  - Ara-A and IDU therapy of human superficial herpetic keratitis.
AB  - Ara-A ointment was compared to IDU ointment in patients with dendritic herpes
      simplex virus infection of the corneal epithelium. Twenty-eight patients were
      treated with Ara-A ointment and twenty-four with IDU ointment. The lesions healed
      in 5.1 days with Ara-A and in 6.9 days with IDU. This drug was given in a double
      controlled manner, so that neither the patient, nor the investigator knew which
      drug the patient was receiving. The patient groups were comparable as to length
      of the dendritic lesion and duration of symptoms. The adverse reactions to each
      of these drugs were comparable and in no case was there any permanent ocular
      change from drug use.

PMID- 1102485
TI  - Use of a platelet-fibrinogen-thrombin mixture as a corneal adhesive: experiments
      with sutureless lamellar keratoplasty in the rabbit.
AB  - A platelet-fibrinogen-thrombin mixture utilizing autologous platelets was studied
      for its potential as a corneal adhesive. In the rabbit it demonstrated sufficient
      adhesive properties to allow 50 per cent of lamellar keratoplasties
      (autotransplants) to remain in place without the use of sutures. The mixture
      retains significant adhesive properties for four to six days. It is simple to
      prepare and apply. It also appears nonantigenic and nontoxic to the cornea; it
      does not incite inflammation, nor interfere with corneal clarity or the regrowth
      of corneal epithelium.

PMID- 1102486
TI  - Letter: Dye dilution technique to study the effect of exygen content in the blood
      on the retinal blood flow.

PMID- 1102487
TI  - Diuresis and improved renal hemodynamics produced by prostaglandin E1 in the dog
      with norepinephrine-induced acute renal failure.
AB  - Unilateral acute renal failure was induced in dogs by renal artery infusion of
      norepinephrine. Renal hemodynamics and function were studied before and 5 days
      after norepinephrine infusion, and during subsequent renal artery infusion of
      prostaglandin E1. After norepinephrine, the infused kidney exhibited decreased
      urine volume, sodium excretion, and creatinine clearance. Cortical blood flow,
      determined with radioactive microspheres, also decreased. No redistribution of
      intracortical blood flow occurred. Arteriographically, proximal vessels were
      constricted and the cortical nephrogram density diminished. During prostaglandin
      E1 infusion, urine volume, sodium excretion, and cortical blood flow increased.
      Creatinine clearance did not change significantly. Blood flow was redistributed
      from the outer third to the inner third of the cortex. Proximal vessels were
      dilated and the cortical nephrogram density was enhanced. The apparent
      dissociation of cortical blood flow from creatinine clearance suggests that
      prostaglandin E1-induced diuresis and natriuresis result from a mechanism other
      than increased glomerular filtration.

PMID- 1102488
TI  - Studies on the effectiveness of liver and bacterial beta-glucuronidase enzymes in
      the hydrolysis of urinary beta-glucosiduronides of some tryptophan metabolites.
AB  - The effectiveness of Escherichia coli and bovine liver beta-glucuronidases in the
      hydrolysis of the urinary beta-glucosiduronides of tryptophan metabolites was
      studied. Moreover, the effect of the prolonged contact of these conjugates to the
      urinary enzyme was investigated in the first and second voiding urine samples. It
      is found that both enzymes have no important role in releasing the free
      carcinogens from their glucosiduronides. The presence of free carcinogens could
      be attributed to the spontaneous hydrolysis of some labile conjugates. However,
      the prolonged contact of the freely active substances during the sleeping hours
      with the epithelium of the bladder may enhance the process of bladder
      carcinogenicity. The increased accumulation of these metabolites in the first
      voiding urine could be interpreted in terms of their rate of excretion rather
      than by the enzymatic hydrolysis of their conjugates.

PMID- 1102489
TI  - Edwin Beer (1876-1938).

PMID- 1102490
TI  - Antibiotic therapy--laboratory techniques.

PMID- 1102491
TI  - Effect of microbial substances of different origins on the growth of
      Mycobacterium leprae.
AB  - Mycobacterium leprae multiplied in media enriched with substances originating
      from other mycobacteria, from non-acid-fast Actinomycetales or from gram-positive
      or gram-negative Eubacteriales. Most of the M. leprae strains did not grow on a
      synthetic medium containing the amino acids present in M. smegmatis, but the
      growth-promoting effect of sonic extracts of this organism indicated that
      substances of bacterial origin, other than amino acids, do act as growth factors.
      The identification of the growing, acid-fast microorganisms with M. leprae was
      verified by their ability to oxidize D-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (D-dopa test).
      M. leprae did not multiply on Nakamura medium unless at least 40% of medium NM7
      enriched by bacterial substances was present. Adequate aeration was essential for
      multiplication of M. leprae in enriched NM7 and No. 3 media.

PMID- 1102492
TI  - Capital progress: notes on the history of Edinburgh Health Department 1862-1974.

PMID- 1102493
TI  - [The penetration of drugs into the skin].

PMID- 1102494
TI  - [Antipsoriatic effect of dithranol (anthralin). 2].

PMID- 1102495
TI  - [History of dermatology. Lalli's Franceide].

PMID- 1102496
TI  - LH and FSH response to synthetic LH-RH in children and adolescents with Turner's
      and Klinefelter's syndrome.
AB  - Stimulation with LH-RH (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) was performed in
      29 children and adolescents with Turner's syndrome (15 less than 13 years old),
      and in 11 patients with Klinefelter's syndrome (7 before puberty). Synthetic LH
      RH was injected intravenously in a dose of 25 mug/m2; plasma LH and FSH were
      determined radioimmunologically. The results show that patients with Turner's
      syndrome had pathologically elevated LH and FSH values at all ages. Normal LH and
      FSH results before and after LH-RH were found in 3 patients with X0/XX karyotype
      who had spontaneous menstruation. The 2 adult patients with Klinefelter's
      syndrome showed an exaggerated LH response and excessively high FSH levels before
      and after LH-RH, consistent with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Six out of 7
      prepubertal boys with Klinefelter's syndrome, had a normal LH and FSH response to
      LH-RH. Only 1 prepubertal boy with cryptorchidism and genital maliformation in
      addition to the Klinefelter's syndrome had pathological values. The normal
      gonadotropin results in prepubertal patients with Klinefelter's syndrome show
      that their testes apparently loose the negative feedback activity on gonadotropin
      secretion only during puberty, at a time when tubular hyalinization appears. This
      is in contrast to Turner patients with gonadal dysgenesis who have
      hypergondadotropic hypogonadism already early in childhood.

PMID- 1102497
TI  - Plasma gonadotropin (LH and FSH) concentrations in repubertal and pubertal
      children upon stimulation by LH-releasing hormone.
AB  - The simultaneous determination of LH and FSH were carried out in a single plasma
      sample by double antibody radioimmunoassays in a total of 26 prepubertal and
      pubertal children. The blood samples were taken before and after i.v. application
      of 25 mug synthetic LH-RH. Plasma LH and FSH concentrations found in prepubertal
      boys and girls at beginning of the test and at the time of maximum response were
      compared with those measured in pubertal boys and girls. The mean basal levels of
      LH and FSH are in group I (8 prepubertal girls): LH 0.6+/-0.7 (SD) mIU/ml, FSH
      1.5+/-0.8 mIU/ml; in group II (6 prepubertal boys): LH 1.8+/-1.0 mIU/ml, FSH
      2.0+/-0.8 mIU/ml; in group III (6 pubertal girls): LH 4.1+/-2.0 mIU/ml, FSH 4.7+/
      2.8 mIU/ml; in group IV (6 pubertal boys): LH 3.5+/-2.3 mIU/ml, FSH2.0+/-1.2
      mIU/ml. The mean maximum response of LH and FSH after stimulation are in group I:
      LH 4.1+/-2.3 mIU/ml, FSH 11.7+/-3.7 mIU/ml; in group II: LH 4.2+/-1.0 mIU/ml, FSH
      6.0+/-1.1 mIU/ml; in group III: LH 19.7+/-10.6 mIU/ml, FSH 12.8+/-5.7 mIU/ml; in
      group IV: LH 13.4+/-5.7 mIU/ml, FSH 3.8+/-0.9 mIU/ml. It is suggested that
      without stimulation of the pituitary with LH-RH, plasma LH and FSH levels are not
      reliable parameters to test the pituitary gonadotropin reserve.

PMID- 1102498
TI  - Induction of breviaristatum mutants in barley.

PMID- 1102499
TI  - Immunofluorescence demonstration of avidin in the immature chick oviduct
      epithelium after progesterone.
AB  - Immature chicks were used for the experiments 1-2 days after hatching. A group of
      chicks were injected with 5 mg of progesterone and sacrificed 1 or 24 hr later.
      An other group of chicks were injected daily for 9 days with 5 mg of
      diethylstilbestrol and thereafter with single injection of progesterone. Cryostat
      sections were incubated with rabbit anti-avidin serum and with fluorescein
      labelled antirabbit globulin for fluorescence histochemistry. In the control
      animals no epithelial cells of the oviduct were fluorescence positive
      independently whether or not the animals were pretreated with diethylstilbestrol.
      One hour after administration of progesterone epithelial cells showed
      occasionally a slight synthesis of avidin. 24 hours after the injection of
      progesterone most, however never all, of the epithelial cells showed avidin in
      the apical part of the cell. The fluorescence reaction was clearly more intense
      if the animals were estrogen-primed. Diethylstilbestrol caused a differentiation
      of oviductal glands which were, however, only occasionally avidin positive after
      progesterone. These results suggest that primitive oviductal cells can produce
      avidin without preceding differentiation whereas estrogen causes a
      differentiation of new line of cells which have regularly lost their capacity of
      avidin synthesis after progesterone administration.

PMID- 1102500
TI  - Fluorescamine as a histochemical reagent: demonstration of polypeptide hormone
      secreting cells.
AB  - Fluorescamine is a useful fluorescence microscopic reagent for the demonstration
      of certain peptide hormone-secreting cells in formaldehyde-fixed tissues. Among
      the cells demonstrated are the pituitary GH cells, the gastrin cells, the insulin
      cells and the thyroid C cells. In the latter cell system degranulation brings
      about a marked decrease in the intensity of the fluorescamine-induced
      fluorescence suggesting that the fluorogenic component is associated with the
      secretory granules. In models neither of the hormones tested--GH, gastrin,
      insulin--gave fluorescamine-induced fluorescence after pretreatment with
      formaldehyde. It is suggested that the fluorescamine-induced fluorescence of the
      endocrine cells demonstrates granular components distinct from the hormones.

PMID- 1102501
TI  - Distribution and properties of glucagon immunoreactivity in the digestive tract
      of various mammals: an immunohistochemical and immunochemical study.
AB  - Numerous epithelial cells in the oxyntic gland area of the stomach of cat and dog
      appear to store pancreatic-type glucagon, as evidenced by immunohistochemistry
      and--in the case of the dog--also by radioimmunoanalysis. No glucagon
      immunoreactive cells are found in the antropyloric mucosa. Disseminated cells in
      the intestinal mucosa store gut-type glucagon. In all species studied, these
      cells predominate in ileum and colon.

PMID- 1102502
TI  - Canine salmonellosis: prevalence, epizootiology, signs, and public health
      significance.
AB  - Of 53 salmonella serotypes isolated from dogs, S typhimurium and S anatum have
      been the most commonly isolated. Surveys have disclosed that over 20% of the dogs
      in a population may be infected. Simultaneous, multiple infections with 2 or more
      serotypes are not unusual. Nonclinical salmonellosis occurs in most cases. The
      severe form of the disease is manifested by diarrhea, vomiting, fever,
      depression, abortion, and death. Dogs may remain carriers and fecal shedders and
      thus serve as sources of salmonellosis for man and other animals. A number of
      documented transmissions from dogs to human beings have been recorded. Such
      infections in man have been severe.

PMID- 1102503
TI  - The cellular changes during osteogenesis in bone and bone marrow composite
      autografts.
AB  - Osteogenesis in and around autografts has been studied in the hope of identifying
      the osteoblast precursor. Fresh autografts of cortical bone with its constituent
      bone marrow were implanted into intramuscular sites in rats. The grafts were
      removed at intervals over a four week period and examined by light and electron
      microscopy. A chronological sequence of degenerative, reparative and
      differentiative events was found and described. The relative contributions of the
      host and graft components to post-grafting osteogenesis are discussed and the
      problem of the origin of the osteoblast cells is examined, taking into account
      present views about the interrelationships between skeletal connective tissue
      cells and their precursors. It is concluded that, in the investigation described,
      the presence of host granulation tissue was necessary for osteogenesis and it is
      postulated that osteoblast progenitor cells can arise from this granulation
      tissue, their differentiation along the osteogenic line being stimulated in some
      way by the presence of the graft bone.

PMID- 1102504
TI  - The ultrastructure of the anterior pituitary gland of the vole, Microtus
      agrestis, in normal and experimentally manipulated animals.
AB  - The ultrastructural appearance of the various types of cell present in the
      anterior pituitary of the vole has been described. There was a great measure of
      similarity between the cytological picture in this species and in the rat.
      Prolactotrophs contained the largest secretory granules, which were of variable
      shape; the granules of somatotrophs, whilst only slightly smaller than those of
      prolactotrophs, were invariably round, and of more uniform size; corticotrophs
      were represented by cells which were extremely angular, and whose secretory
      granules, besides being smaller than those of somatotrophs, were arrayed around
      the periphery of the cell below the plasma membrane; gonadotrophs contained
      granules of a similar size to those found in cortiocotrophs, but were found
      throughout the cytoplasm of the cells, whic were round to ovoid in shape;
      thyrotrophs contained the smallest granules of all, the shape of the cell itself
      bein angular...

PMID- 1102505
TI  - The fate of heterotopic isografts and allografts of mouse yolk sac epithelium.
AB  - As a contribution to the problem of the immunological privilege of the fetus it
      was decided to investigate the fate of yolk sac grafts in mice. Ten-day post
      coitum mouse visceral yolk sac was transplanted to a dermal tunnel in the flank
      of isogeneic animals. In this site the yolk sac was capable of surviving for at
      least 15 days past the normal duration of pregnancy. Yolk sac was transplanted to
      a similar site in allogeneic animals and was found to be destroyed by an
      immunological reaction within 13 days. Orthotopic skin grafts between the same
      strains of mice used in the yolk sac transplantation were rejected in first-set
      fashion within 13 days. A limited series of host animals, previously sensitized
      by visceral yolk sac, rejected orthotopic skin grafts in second-set fashion.
      These findings indicate that the cells of the visceral yolk sac in the mouse
      contain transplantation antigens. Possible reasons why such antigens do not lead
      to fetal rejection during pregnancy are considered.

PMID- 1102506
TI  - Memories and thoughts about C. G. Jung.

PMID- 1102507
TI  - C. G. Jung: a reminiscent picture of his method.

PMID- 1102508
TI  - Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic. I. Taxonomy of the producing
      streptomycete and isolation of the active principle.
AB  - A streptomycete was isolated from an Easter Island soil sample and found to
      inhibit Candida albicans, Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton granulosum. The
      antibiotic-producing microorganism was characterized and identified as
      Streptomyces hygroscopicus. The antifungal principle was extracted with organic
      solvent from the mycelium, isolated in crystalline form and named rapamycin.
      Rapamycin is mainly active against Candida albicans; minimum inhibitory
      concentration against ten strains ranged from 0.02 to 0.2 mug/ml. Its apparent
      activity against Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton granulosum is lower because
      of its instability in culture media on prolonged incubation required by these
      fungi. No activity was observed against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
      Acute toxicity in mice is low.

PMID- 1102509
TI  - Rapamycin (AY-22,989), a new antifungal antibiotic. II. Fermentation, isolation
      and characterization.
AB  - Rapamycin is a new antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus
      NRRL 5491. It was isolated from the mycelium by solvent extraction, purified by
      silica gel column chromatography and crystallized as a colorless solid which
      melts at 183 approximately to 185 degrees C and has the empirical formula
      C56H89NO14. From its characteristic ultraviolet absorption spectrum rapamycin can
      be classified as a triene. It is highly active against various Candida species,
      especially Candida albicans. Its activity is compared with that of amphotericin
      B, candicidin and nystatin.

PMID- 1102510
TI  - A glyoxalase I inhibitor of a new structural type produced by Streptomyces.
AB  - Many streptomyces strains produced an inhibitor of crude glyoxalase prepared from
      rat liver which did not inhibit glyoxalase I prepared from yeast. Another
      inhibitor, C11H14O6, which inhibited glyoxalases prepared from both rat liver and
      yeast was obtained from a cultured broth of Streptomyces griseosproeus and
      crystallized. Preincubation of this inhibitor with reuduced glutathione increased
      its inhibitory activity, which suggested its reaction with reduced glutathione.
      It showed a strong inhibition of growth of HeLa cells and inhibition of Ehrlich
      ascites carcinoma by daily injection. It also showed weak inhibition of the solid
      type of Ehrlich carcinoma and prolonged the survival period of mice inoculated
      with L-1210 cells.

PMID- 1102511
TI  - Characteristics of two broad spectrum antibiotics produced by Mycoplasma sp. RP
      III.
AB  - Two extracellular antibiotics produced by Mycoplasma sp. RP III growing in serum
      containing media have been purified by solvent extraction and ion-exchange
      chromatography. Factor I inhibits Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in
      vitro and a crude preparation protected mice from Pseudomonas and Straphylococcus
      infections; it is of low cytotoxicity. Factor II, a lipid, inhibits Gram-positive
      and Gram-negative bacteria, Candida species, and is as cytotoxic as the
      actinomycins.

PMID- 1102512
TI  - Microbial conversion of anthracycline antibiotics.

PMID- 1102513
TI  - Platomycins A and B I Taxonomy of the producing strain and production, isolation
      and biological properties of platomycins.
AB  - Two new antibiotics, platomycins A and B, belonging to the phleomycin-bleomycin
      family, were isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptosporangium sp. MK-78.
      This strain has been identified as a new variety of Streptosporangium
      violaceochromogenes. Both platomycins A and B are active against a variety of
      Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and also inhibit solid Sarcoma 180 and
      Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.

PMID- 1102514
TI  - Transduction of drug resistance to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, macrolides,
      lincomycin and clindamycin with phages induced from Streptococcus pyogenes.
AB  - Strains of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from pediatric patients with acute
      infections which were resistant to one or more of the antibiotics, tetracycline
      (TC), chloramphenicol (CP), macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin, kitasamycin,
      oleandomycin, josamycin), lincomycin (LCM) and clindamycin (CLM), were used for
      transduction of drug resistance. These drug-resistant strains were treated with
      mitomycin C to induce phages and transduction of drug resistance was attempted by
      means of phages so induced. It was found that transduction of resistance to the
      above antibiotics was possible. The transductants obtained on TC-containing
      selective agar plate were resistant to TC alone while those produced on CP- or
      erythromycin (EM)-containing selective agar plate were resistant to CP, macrolide
      antibiotics (Mac), LCM and CLM. From this finding, it was inferred that
      transduction of resistance to TC, CP, Mac, LCM and CLM via phages occurred in two
      different patterns, i.e., transfer of resistance to TC alone and that of
      resistance to CP, Mac, LCM and CLM. All of the transductants obtained were found
      to belong to group A. In T-typing, they were of the same T-12 type as the donor
      and recipient strains in a majority of cases though some were not typable.

PMID- 1102515
TI  - A clinical, microbiological and toxicological assessment of clindamycin
      phosphate.

PMID- 1102516
TI  - The use of co-trimoxazole in sulphonamide-resistant Escherichia coli urinary
      tract infection.

PMID- 1102517
TI  - Letter: Chemical detection of beta-lactamase activity on Haemophilus influenzae.

PMID- 1102518
TI  - Distribution volumes of [131I]albumin, [14C]sucrose, and 36Cl in sheep lung.
AB  - We measured the steady-state volumes of distribution for radioactive chloride,
      sucrose, and albumin in the lung of six anesthetized, spen-thorax sheep. We
      allowed 2 days for [131I]albumin to equilibrate throughout the body, 2 h for the
      36Cl, and a 40-min constant infusion for [14C]sucrose before killing the animal.
      Five minutes before death, we gave [125I]albumin to tag lung plasma volume. We
      killed the animals by clamping both lung hila; we then removed the lungs and
      homogenized them. We measured residual red cell and plasma volume, total
      extravascular lung water, and the extravascular content of the three tracers. The
      distribution volumes expressed as fractions of blood-free lung weight were: 36Cl
      equals 0.44, sucrose equals 0.28, and albumin equals 0.07. If the sucrose
      distribution volume is taken as the best estimate of the lung's extravascular
      extracellular space, then chloride clearly overestimates the interstitial fluid
      volume, being either bound or partially intracellular. On the other hand, albumin
      clearly underestimates the interstitial fluid volume.

PMID- 1102519
TI  - Rapid estimation of pulmonary extravascular water with an instream catheter.
AB  - An arterial catheter-bearing external conductivity electrodes and a thermistor
      was used for measurement of lung thermal volume (LTV) by the double-indicator
      method. Ten milliliters of 3% saline at room temperature were injected, dilution
      curves measured, and LTV calculated as mean transit time difference, less
      thermistor time constant, times cardiac output (CO). Comparisons were made, in
      dogs, between LTV, pulmonary extravascular lung water with Evans blue and
      tritiated water (PEVWtho), and weighed lung water (WLW). Pulmonary edema was
      induced with dextran and epinephrine. CO was measured by thermodilution in both
      the pulmonary artery (PA) and aorta (AO) and dye dilution in the AO. CO from dye
      dilution was compared with thermodilution (aortic detection) to detect
      irreversible loss of thermal indicator. Comparisons showed good correspondence of
      dye and thermal curves (Y = 0.91X - 0.16 1/min; r = 0.93). LTV is about 120% of
      WLW in near normal lungs, 90% of WLW in extreme edema. PEVWtho was 60-70% WLW.

PMID- 1102520
TI  - Periodic peritoneal dialysis for patients awaiting renal transplantation.

PMID- 1102521
TI  - Practolol--a cardioselective beta adrenergic blocking agents in the treatment of
      angina pectoris 'a double blind trial'.

PMID- 1102522
TI  - Mycoplasma hominis: growth, reproduction, and isolation of small viable cells.
AB  - Improved methods for studying the growth of Mycoplasma hominis (ATCC 14027) have
      been developed, involving modified growth conditions and preparation of the
      organisms under minimally distorting conditions. Cells so prepared from batch
      cultures show relatively uniform exponential growth and appear to be dividing by
      binary fission; but pleomorphic forms appear upon further incubation. Similar
      behavior was demonstrated by another laboratory-adapted strain and by three
      clinical isolates, and therefore seems characteristic of the species. The
      pleomorphic populations contain small forms having diameters within the 100- to
      250-nm size range reported for "elementary bodies." Such forms were isolated from
      this strain of M. hominis by sequential filtration using gravity alone, after
      cell aggregates were dispersed by Pronase treatment. Of the small bodies which
      traversed membranes of 220-nm pore size, a negligible number grew in liquid or on
      solid media, suggesting that these were not essential reproductive units in a
      life cycle, but involution forms due to growth in an altered environment.

PMID- 1102523
TI  - Yeast sterol esters and their relationship to the growth of yeast.
AB  - Variation in the percentage of sterols esterified to long-chain fatty acids
      during cellular growth has been examined. Under all conditions, a constant
      percentage of sterol esters was maintained during exponential growth. This
      maintenance level was found to vary with different growth conditions. A sharp
      increase in the rate of esterification was observed upon entry of the culture
      into the stationary growth phase. The minor cellular sterol components were found
      to accumulate after this period of rapid sterol ester synthesis, with a relative
      decrease in the size of the ergosterol pool. Evidence is presented that sterol
      esters of ergosterol precursors are unable to be metabolized to ergosterol. Once
      esterified, the fatty acids do not appear to be scavenged during starvation
      conditions.

PMID- 1102524
TI  - Inhibition of cell division in Escherichia coli K-12 by the R-factor R1 and copy
      mutants of R1.
AB  - The effect of the copy number of plasmid R1drd-19 on cell division of Escherichia
      coli K-12 was studied in populations growing as steady-state cultures at
      different growth rates, the growth rate being varied by use of different carbon
      sources. The plasmid copy number was also varied by using copy mutants of the R
      factor. The mean cell size was larger in populations carrying an R-factor than in
      R-factorless populations, an effect that was more pronounced at low growth rates
      and in populations carrying R-factor copy mutants. The increased cell size was
      due to formation of elongated cells in a fraction of the population and to an
      increase in the diameter of all cells. The majority of the cells divided at a
      normal cell length, but the presence of an R-factor caused some cells to
      elongate, probably by the uncoupling of chromosome replication and cell division.
      This can be explained as a competition between the chromosome and plasmid
      replicons for some replication factor(s), presumably acting on both initiation
      and elongation of replication. The formation of elongated cells was a reversible
      process, but occasionally some of the elongated cells reached lengths 20 times
      that of newborn cells. If cell division did not occur at the normal cell size,
      the septum was not formed until the cell size was four times that of a newborn
      cell. When an elongated cell divided, it usually formed a polar septum, thus
      producing a newborn cell of normal cell length. The ability of plasmid-containing
      cells to omit one cell division but to retain the capacity of dividing one mass
      doubling later is compatible with a mechanical model for septum formation and
      cell division.

PMID- 1102525
TI  - Plasmid incompatibility and control of replication: copy mutants of the R-factor
      R1 in Escherichia coli K-12.
AB  - Plasmid incompatibility was studied in Escherichia coli K-12. By double
      antibiotic selection, clones were constructed that carried the two R-factors R1
      and R100, both belonging to the compatibility group FII. After release of the
      selection pressure, each of the two plasmids was lost at the same rate (8% per
      generation). Mutants of R-factor R1 showing an increased number of copies per
      chromosome (copy mutants) were tested for their incompatibility towards R-factor
      R100. The results indicate that plasmid incompatibility is quantitative and not
      just a qualitative property. All copy mutants studied affected incompatibility,
      and there were two classes of mutants: one increasing and one decreasing the
      incompatiblity exerted towards the test plasmid R100. Evidence is presented that
      incompatibility is related to the mechanisms that control replication. The
      implications of such a relation on proposed models for control of replication are
      discussed. The data do not support the hypothesis that plasmid incompatibility is
      due to competition for a replicational or segregational site.

PMID- 1102526
TI  - Further characterization of a non-essential mutator gene in Escherichia coli K
      12.
AB  - The properties of mutR, a mutator closely linked to thyA, have been further
      characterized. We have found that the mutator gene is carried on a specialized
      transducing phage (lambdapcI857 thyA) generated by the excision of lambdacI857
      integrated at a secondary attachment site between lysA and thyA. We present three
      lines of evidence indicating that mutR is a nonessential gene. (i) Deletions of
      the mutator can be found amoung survivors of heat induction of lambdacI857 when
      the phage is integrated between lysA and thyA. (ii) Mutations in mutR can be
      induced with the frameshift mutagen ICR-191. (iii) An amber mutant in mutR has
      been found. Viable strains could be made by combining the mutator with polB, polA
      polR, ligts7, and uvrA mutations. The mutator was still able to increase the
      spontaneous mutation frequency in these genetic backgrounds. When the reversion
      patterns of a series of well-characterized trpA mutations were analyzed, the
      results suggested that mutR is more efficient at causing transitions than
      transversion mutations.

PMID- 1102527
TI  - Chromosome-plasmid interaction in Escherichia coli K-12 carrying a
      thermosensitive plasmid, Rts1, in autonomous and in integrated states.
AB  - An Hfr strain of Escherichia coli K-12 was obtained by integrative suppression
      with a thermosensitive plasmid, Rts1. The R plasmid was integrated into the
      chromosome between rif and thr, and transfer of the chromosome occurred
      counterclockwise. The thermosensitivity of host cell growth due to the dnaA
      mutation was markedly but not completely reduced in this integratively suppressed
      Hfr strain. When the dnaA mutation was removed by transducing the dnaA+ genome to
      this Hfr, the thermosensitivity of cell growth due to existence of Rts1 was
      suppressed in contrast to strains carrying it autonomously. Thermosensitivity of
      cell growth appeared again when the plasmid was detached from the chromosome to
      exist autonomously. Contrary to the effect on cell growth, the transfer of the
      chromosome and the plasmid itself and the ability to "restrict" T-even phages
      were still thermosensitive in all of these strains carrying Rts1, irrespective of
      its state of existence. The detached plasmid as well as the original Rts1 were
      segregated upon growth at 42 C. These data are discussed in relation to
      chromosome-plasmid interaction. One of the most important conculusions is that
      some plasmid genes, related to their replication, are phenotypically suppressed
      by the chromosome when it is integrated.

PMID- 1102528
TI  - Incorporation of pantothenate into citrate lyase by a pantothenateless mutant of
      Klebsiella pneumoniae.
AB  - A pantothenate-requiring mutant of Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated. The mutant
      showed an absolute dependence on pantothenate for growth. When grown in the
      presence of [14C]pantothenate, the mutant incorporated [14C]pantothenate into
      citrate lyase (3.4 mol/mol of enzyme). Analysis of a double-labeled enzyme
      ([14C]pantothenate and [3H]acetate) by gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl
      sulfate showed that both 3H and 14C were associated solely with the smallest
      subunit, the acyl carrier protein of citrate lyase.

PMID- 1102529
TI  - Factors affecting the palmitoyl-coenzyme A desaturase of Saccharomyces
      cerevisiae.
AB  - The activity and stability of the palmitoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase complex
      of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was influenced by several factors. Cells, grown
      nonaerobically and then incubated with glucose, either in air or under N2, showed
      a marked increase in desaturase activity. Cycloheximide, added during such
      incubations, prevented the increase in activity, suggesting de novo synthesis.
      The stability of the desaturase from cells grown nonaerobically was affected by
      subsequent treatment of the cells; enzyme from freshly harvested cells, or from
      cells that were then shaken under nitrogen, readily lost activity upon washing or
      during density gradient analysis, whereas aerated cells, in the presence or
      absence of glucose, yielded stable enzyme preparations. The loss of activity in
      nonaerobic preparations could be reversed by adding soluble supernatant from
      these homogenates and could be prevented by growing the cells in the presence of
      palmitoleic acid and ergosterol, but not with several other lipids tested.

PMID- 1102530
TI  - Pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes of Salmonella typhimurium, repressed specifically
      by growth in the presence of cytidine.
AB  - The repressive effects of exogenous cytidine on growing cells was examined in a
      specially constructed strain in which the pool sizes of endogenous uridine 5'
      diphosphate and uridine 5'-triphosphate cannot be varied by the addition of
      uracil and/or uridine to the medium. Five enzymes of the pyrimidine biosynthetic
      pathway and one enzyme of the arginine biosynthetic pathway were assayed from
      cells grown under a variety of conditions. Cytidine repressed the synthesis of
      dihydroorotase (encoded by pyrC), dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (encoded by pyrD),
      and ornithine transcarbamylase (encoded by argI). Moreover, aspartate
      transcarbamylase (encoded by pyrB) became further derepressed upon cytidine
      addition, whereas no change occurred in the levels of the last two enzymes
      (encoded by pyrE and pyrF) of the pyrimidine pathway. Quantitative nucleotide
      pool determinations have provided evidence that any individual ribo- or
      deoxyribonucleoside mono-, di-, or triphosphate of cytosine or uracil is not a
      repressing metabolite for the pyrimidine biosynthetic enzymes. Other nucleotide
      derivatives or ratios must be considered.

PMID- 1102531
TI  - Isolation, characterization, and mapping of Escherichia coli mutants blocked in
      the synthesis of ornithine decarboxylase.
AB  - Several Escherichia coli K-12 mutants blocked in the synthesis of ornithine
      decarboxylase (OD) were isolated after transduction for serA+ in a strain (MA197)
      blocked in agmatine ureohydrolase (AUH) with a mutagenized phage lysate of P1.
      The new double-polyamine mutants were characterized by an unconditional polyamine
      dependence; either putrescine or spermidine was required for normal growth. The
      mutational block was varified by the demonstration of a virtual absence of OD
      activity in cellular extracts. The mutation, designated speC, was mapped by P1
      transduction in several strains and was shown to have a cotransduction frequency
      of 17.2% with serA. Map order was established as serA speB speC metK. A
      derivative of one of the OD mutants having wild-type levels of AUH and blocked in
      OD was utilized along with an OD AUH mutant and an OD+ AUH strain to explore the
      phenomenon of "pathway selection" using growth rate as a parameter. Polyamine
      pool studies were carried out simultaneously. The results presented here support
      the hypothesis of pathway selection, implying a preferential utilization of
      exogenous arginine rather than endogenously produced arginine in polyamine
      biosynthesis.

PMID- 1102532
TI  - Tryptophan synthetase alpha(5.7-S): novel molecular species formed within
      Escherichia coli.
AB  - A novel molecular species contributes about 5% of the total tryptophan synthetase
      of Escherichia coli derepressed for the trp operon enzymes. The new species is
      identified under conditions in which the dissociation of the two nonidentical
      subunits of the tryptophan synthetase complex is favored. The new species
      sediments at 5.7S, catalyzes the conversion of indole-3-glycerol phosphate to
      indole, and has been designated alpha(5.7-S). Although alpha(5.7-S) is not
      observed in extracts of trpA or trpB mutant strains deficient in the ability to
      form tryptophan synthetase alpha or beta2 subunits, respectively, a mixture of
      the two extracts allows the formation of alpha(5.7-S). Similar results are
      obtained when a homogeneous alpha protein is mixed with an extract of a trpA
      mutant strain, suggesting that the interaction of alpha and beta2 proteins is
      obligatory for alpha(5.7-S) formation. One can obtain a beta2 protein preparation
      that when mixed with a pure alpha protein gives no alpha(5.7-S). Therefore, the
      interaction of alpha and beta2 proteins alone is not sufficient for the formation
      of alpha(5.7-S). When a mixture of alpha and beta2 proteins devoid of alpha(5.7
      S) is added to extracts of trp deletion mutants, the novel species can be
      reconstituted in vitro only when deletions are used that carry at least the
      operator-proximal part of the trpB gene. Therefore, it is concluded that the
      alpha(5.7-S) species of tryptophan synthetase results from the interaction of the
      alpha protein, the beta2 protein, and a third component, beta', specified by the
      deoxyribonucleic acid defined by the end points of two trp deletion mutants.

PMID- 1102533
TI  - Effect of temperature on the size of Escherichia coli cells.
AB  - The distributions of cell volumes of steady-state Escherichia coli ML30G cultures
      at various temperatures were measured. For cultures in a minimal medium, the
      distributions were indistinguishable at several temperatures between 15 and 30 C;
      at higher temperatures the cells were slightly smaller, and at lower temperatures
      they were slightly larger. For cultures in a complex medium, the cells were
      slightly larger at both high and low temperatures of growth. An abrupt change of
      temperature within the middle range led to a transient change in the distribution
      of cell volume, suggesting that the size of dividing cells is well regulated. No
      synchrony of division was induced by a change in temperature.

PMID- 1102534
TI  - Proteinase activities of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during sporulation.
AB  - Sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae occurs in the absence of a exogenous
      nitrogen source. Thus, the internal amino acid pool and the supply of nitrogen
      compounds from protein and nucleic acid turnover must be sufficient for new
      protein synthesis. Since sporulation involves an increased rate of protein
      turnover, an investigation was conducted of the changes in the specific activity
      of various proteinases. A minimum of 30% of the vegetative proteins was turned
      over during the course of sporulation. There was a 10- to 25-fold increase in
      specific activity of various proteinases, with a maximum activity around 20 h
      after transfer into the sporulation medium. The increase in activities was due to
      de novo synthesis since inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide blocks
      both an increase in proteinase activities and sporulation. There was no increase
      observed in proteinase activities of nonsporogenic cultures (a and alpha/alpha
      strains) inoculated into the sporulation medium, suggesting that the increase in
      proteinase activities is "sporulation specific" and not a consequence of step
      down conditions. The elution patterns through diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex
      chromatography of various proteinases extracted from T0 and T18 cells were
      similar, and no new species was observed.

PMID- 1102535
TI  - Polypeptide nature of growth requirement in yeast extract for Thermoplasma
      acidophilum.
AB  - The active component(s) in yeast extract required by Thermoplasma acidophilum for
      growth is polypeptide in nature. A fraction from yeast extract was isolated and
      partially characterized as one or more peptides of molecular weight about 1,000
      containing 8 to 10 amino acids. Although it was composed largely of basic and
      dicarboxylic amino acids, only one amino group per molecule was free. The
      polypeptide(s) appeared to bind avidly to cations. No other organic compounds
      except glucose were needed by Thermoplasma. Among several hundred known compounds
      tested, only glutathione plus Fe2+ or Fe3+, clostridial ferredoxin, and spinach
      ferredoxin elicited any growth response.

PMID- 1102536
TI  - Enzymatic lesions in methionine mutants of Aspergillus nidulans: role and
      regulation of an alternative pathway for cysteine and methionine synthesis.
AB  - In Aspergillus nidulans the pathway involving cystathionine formation is the main
      one for homocysteine synthesis. Mutants lacking cystathionine gamma-synthase or
      beta-cystathionase are auxotrophs suppressible by: (i) mutations in the main
      pathway of cysteine synthesis (cysA1, cysB1, and cysC1), (ii) mutations causing
      stimulation of cysteine catabolism (su101), and (iii) mutations in a presumed
      regulatory gene (suAmeth). A relative shortage of cysteine in the first group of
      suppressors causes a derepression of homocysteine synthase, the enzyme involved
      in the alternative pathway of homocysteine synthesis. A similar derepression is
      observed in the suAmeth strain. Homocysteine synthesized by this pathway serves
      as precursor for cysteine and methionine synthesis. A mutant with altered
      homocysteine synthase is a prototroph, indicating that this enzyme is not
      essential for the fungus.

PMID- 1102537
TI  - Comparison of the cell envelope structure of a lipopolysaccharide-defective
      (heptose-deficient) strain and a smooth strain of Salmonella typhimurium.
AB  - The cell envelope structure of Salmonella typhimurium LT2, which has a heptose
      deficient lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is significantly different from that of an
      isogenic strain with a normal LPS. The rough strain, when examined by freeze
      etching, lacks most surface structures that are routinely present in the smooth
      strain (surface particles and flagella) and has few transmemberane studs in the
      cytoplasmic membrane (those present are generally found in aggregates), and the
      outer membrane cleavage is substantially stronger than that of the smooth strain.
      These envelope differences were independent of both growth temperature and
      culture age. Examination of ultrathin sections indicated that the rough strain
      has an outer membrane which forms a much more defined double-track artifact than
      the smooth strain. The addition of MgCl2 to the growth medium of the rough strain
      decreased the extent of outer membrane cleavage, and flagella became evident in
      freeze-etched preparations. The presence of supplemental MgCl2 in the growth
      medium, which resulted in these morphological changes in the rough strain, also
      produced growth at a previously restrictive temperature and a decrease in the
      leakage of periplasmic enzymes. The smooth strain was unaltered morphologically
      or physiologically by MgCl2 under identical conditions. It is suggested that the
      outer membrane of the rough strain is more planar.

PMID- 1102538
TI  - Outer membrane of Salmonella typhimurium: chemical analysis and freeze-fracture
      studies with lipopolysaccharide mutants.
AB  - The outer membrane layer of the cell wall was isolated from wild-type Salmonella
      typhimurium LT2 as well as from its mutants producing lipopolysaccharides with
      shorter saccharide chains. Chemical analysis of these preparations indicated the
      following. (i) The number of lipopolysaccharide molecules per unit area was
      constant, regardless of the length of the saccharide side chain in
      lipopolysaccharide. (ii) In contrast, in "deep rough" (Rd or Re) mutants
      producing the lipopolysaccharides with very short saccharide chains, the amount
      of outer membrane protein per unit surface area decreased to about 60% of the
      value in the wild type. (iii) In the wild type, the amount of phospholipids is
      slightly less than what is needed to cover one side of the membrane as a
      monolayer. In comparison with the wild type, the outer membrane of Rd and Re
      mutants contains about 70% more phospholipids, which therefore must be
      distributed in both the outer and inner leaflets of the membrane. Freeze-fracture
      studies showed that the outer membrane of Re mutants were easily fractured, but
      fracture became increasingly difficult in strains producing lipopolysaccharides
      with longer side chains. The convex fracture face was always nearly smooth, but
      the concave fracture face or the outer half of the membrane was densely covered
      with particles 8 to 10 nm in diameter. The density of particles was decreased in
      Re mutants to the same extent as the reduction in proteins, suggesting the
      largely proteinaceous nature of particles. A model for the supramolecular
      structure of the outer membrane is presented on the basis of these and other
      results.

PMID- 1102539
TI  - On the processive mechanism of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I.
AB  - A procedure has been developed to assess whether polymerization of nucleotides by
      DNA polymerases is processive, that is, whether a succession of polymerization
      steps occurs without release of the enzyme from the template. The method involves
      measurement of the ratio of deoxyguanylate to deocycytidylate incorporated in the
      course of replicating a segment of the right hand cohesive end of phage lambaDNA
      with the sequence 5'-G-G-G-C-G-G-C-G-3'. In the case of the Escherichia coli DNA
      polymerase I, each enzyme molecule completes synthesis of the sequence before
      dissociation occurs. Furthermore, at both 6 and 22 degrees, the polymerase
      remains bound to the lambdaDNA template after synthesis has completed. Template
      challenge experiments, in which the polymerase is allowed to begin synthesis in
      the presence of a molar excess of lambdaDNA before addition of a very large
      excess of calf thymus DNA, show that under the conditions used, productive
      binding of polymerase to lambdaDNA is a slow process requiring 1 to 2 hours.
      After synthesis has been completed, polymerase remains bound to the lambdaDNA in
      spite of the availability of new primer termini. The association, polymerization,
      and dissociation rates measured in these experiments suggest that the
      polymerization reaction catalyzed by DNA polymerase I is processive, and that
      hundreds of nucleotides may be polymerized between each association and
      dissociation.

PMID- 1102540
TI  - Kinetic analysis of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I.
AB  - The kinetic properties of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I were simplified to
      those of a 1 deoxynucleotide substrate reaction by the use of polynucleotide
      templates. With poly(dA)-oligo(dT) as the template-primer complex, Mg2+ decreases
      the Km of the substrate dTTP but has little or no effect on the Km of the
      substrate Mg-dTTP, suggesting that multiple pathways involving the binding of
      Mg2+, dTTP, and Mg-dTTP are operative in forming the active complex. The Km of
      free Mg2+, extrapolated to zero concentration of substrate (830 = 62 muM), agrees
      within a factor of 2 with the dissociation constant of magnesium from 4 +/- 1
      sites on the enzyme determined previously by binding studies (Slater, J.P.,
      Tamir, I., Loeb, L.A., and Mildvan, A.S. (1972) J. Biol. Chem. 247, 6784-6794).
      The maximal turnover number with poly(dA) as template is 5.7 +/- 0.7 s-1.
      Changing the nature of the base in the polydeoxynucleotide template alters the
      maximal rate of polydeoxynucleotide synthesis by an overall factor of 31 with
      poly(dC) is greater than poly(dT) is greater than poly(dA) is greater than
      poly(dG), indicating that pyrimidine templates are copied faster than purine
      templates. Changing the sugar structure from poly(dA) to poly(rA) causes a 3-fold
      increase in the rate of template copying. A study of the kinetic effects of all
      noncomplementary deoxynucleotides with all deoxynucleotide templates, as well as
      with poly(rA)-oligo(dT), yields complex patterns of activation and inhibition
      requiring from 1 to 2 additional binding sites for the noncomplementary
      nucleotides. The kinetically determined affinities of the active site of the
      enzyme-template-primer complex for the complementary free nucleotide (as measured
      by Km) generally exceed those for the noncomplementary neuclotides (as measured
      by KI slope) by 1 or more than 3 orders of magnitude.

PMID- 1102541
TI  - Inhibition of growth of microbial mutants by trans-octadecenoates.
AB  - A series of positional isomers of trans-octadecenoic acid were tested for their
      ability to support growth of microbial mutants that could not synthesize
      unsaturated fatty acids. The bacterial strain used (a variant of Escherichia coli
      30E) grew with supplements of the trans isomers only at high temperatures (38
      degrees) and with acids containing the trans-ethylenic bond between carbon atoms
      8 through 13. The yeast mutant (Saccharomyces cerevisiae KD46) grew only with the
      9-trans-octadecenoate giving cell yields about one-fifth those obtained with
      oleate. Although the trans isomers had little effect on the growth of the
      bacteria in the presence of oleate, they inhibited the growth of yeast with
      oleate. Inhibition was strongest for the 4, 6, 7, 11, and 12 isomers, almost
      negligible for the 8 isomer and of differing intermediate degrees for the others.
      The inhibitory effects had no correlation with the melting points of the acids
      and appeared to reflect selective action(s) on the metabolism of the cell. When
      the net yield of the yeast cultures with oleate was lowered by the effect of
      added trans acids, there was a marked accumulation of triglycerides and
      nonesterified acids in the cells. The marked increase in triglyceride content
      while phospholipid per cell remained relatively constant suggest that trans
      acids, in addition to forming inadequate membrane lipids, may also interfere with
      a basic control point in lipid metabolism.

PMID- 1102542
TI  - Studies on the lactose operon. The control of DNA-directed in vitro protein
      synthesis by interference factor i-alpha.

PMID- 1102543
TI  - Relaxation complexes of plasmid DNA and protein. I. Strand-specific association
      of protein and DNA in the relaxed complexes of plasmids ColE1 and ColE2.
AB  - The ColE1 and ColE2 relaxation complexes of supercoiled DNA and protein were
      purified from Escherichia coli cells. Protein remains associated with the open
      circular DNA of these complexes after induction of relaxation with sodium dodecyl
      sulfate. The protein is associated specifically with the strand that possesses a
      site-specific break in the Co1E1 and ColE2 relaxed complexes. This protein
      remains associated with the DNA after centrifugation of the relaxed complex in a
      neutral or alkaline (pH 12.5) cesium chloride gradient or treatment with 8 M
      urea, 2 M NaSCN, 2M LiCl, 0.2 M sodium acetate, pH 4.6, and 70% formamide at 60
      degrees.

PMID- 1102544
TI  - Relaxation complexes of plasmid DNA and protein. II. Characterization of the
      proteins associated with the unrelaxed and relaxed complexes of plasmid ColE1.
AB  - The proteins of the DNA-protein relaxation complex of plasmid ColE1 were labeled
      with [3H]leucine by growth of ColE1 containing Escherichia coli cells in the
      presence of this radioactive labeled amino acid. Three major [3H]leucine-labeled
      proteins are found associated with the supercoiled DNA in the ColE1 relaxation
      complex. The molecular weights of these proteins, determined by sodium dodecyl
      sulfate-acrylamide gel electrophoresis, are 60,000, 16,000, and 11,000,
      respectively. Induction of relaxation of the supercoiled DNA by treatment of the
      complex with sodium dodecyl sulfate results in a dissociation of the two smaller
      proteins from the DNA. The 60,000 protein, however, remains associated
      specifically with the nicked strand of the open circular DNA. The strand-specific
      association of this protein with the relaxed DNA resists heat denaturation of the
      DNA, sedimentation through an alkaline (pH 12.5) sucrose gradient, and
      centrifugation to equilibrium in an alkaline (pH 12.5) CsCl gradient.

PMID- 1102545
TI  - Relaxation complexes of poasmid DNA and protein. III. Association of protein with
      the 5' terminus of the broken DNA strand in the relaxed complex of plasmid ColE1.
AB  - The location of the protein in the open circular DNA form of the ColE1 DNA
      protein relaxation complex, induced by treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate, has
      been studied using several enzymes of DNA metabolism. Escherichia coli
      exonucleases I and III are able to degrade extensively the nicked strand of the
      relaxed complex from the 3' end. DNA polymerase I can initiate synthesis using
      the relaxed complex as template-primer and specifically extends the 3' end of the
      nicked strand. The 5' end of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-relaxed complex, however,
      is blocked to the 5'-3' hydrolitic action T7 exonuclease. This block remains
      after trypsin treatment of the sodium dodecyl sulfate-relaxed complex but is
      removed by Pronase treatment. T4 DNA ligase is unable to seal either the sodium
      dodecyl sulfate-relaxed complex or the Pronase-treated relaxed complex even after
      pretreatment of the relaxed complex with T4 DNA polymerase and polynucleotide
      kinase. However, pretreatment with DNA polymerase I and the four
      deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates facilitates ligase closure of the Pronase
      treated relaxed complex but not the sodium dodecyl sulfate-relaxed complex. These
      studies indicate that the protein in the relaxed ColE1 complex is located at or
      near the 5' end of the nicked strand.

PMID- 1102546
TI  - Dr F. P. Nagler. 8 February 1908-22 January 1975.

PMID- 1102547
TI  - Effect of freeze-drying on the colony morphology of various daughter strains of
      BCG.

PMID- 1102548
TI  - Measurement of rabies antibody: comparison of the mouse neutralization test (MNT)
      with the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT).

PMID- 1102549
TI  - A study of streptokinase therapy in acute pulmonary embolism.
AB  - A study of Streptokinase therapy in major pulmonary emboli is reported and
      attention is drawn to some of the factors which can influence the results of this
      as yet controversial therapy.

PMID- 1102550
TI  - The development of a computer-assisted search for anomalous compounds (CASAC).
AB  - An automated system for the recognition of anomalies in multi-compound mixtures
      is described. The mixtures to be investigated are injected into a combined gas
      chromatograph-mass spectrometer and low resolution spectra are acquired by
      repetitive scanning. Using an on-line computer, all of these spectra are compared
      with a pre-recorded file of spectra obtained by identical analyses of a "normal"
      mixture. The matching procedure has been designed to allow for differences in
      retention times. The CASAC program calculates and plots the degree of coincidence
      and in this way determines whether the sample spectrum contains fewer or more
      fragments than the corresponding library spectrum. The system has been applied to
      studies on pathological urine samples.

PMID- 1102551
TI  - The effects of estrogen and progesterone on the functional capacity of the
      gonadotrophs.
AB  - The functional capacity of the gonadotrophs under the influence of exogenous
      estrogen and progesterone was assessed by repeated stimulation with submaximal
      doses of LH-releasing factor (LRF) (10 mug at 2-h intervals) of subjects during
      the early follicular phase of the cycle and of hypogonadal women. The initial
      increment of peak serum LH and FSH concentrations after the first administration
      of LRF, was used to describe the pituitary sensitivity, and the integrated
      release during the 10 hours of LRF-stimulated pulses was utilized to approximate
      the pituitary gonadotropin reserve. During the early follicular phase, response
      to LRF stimulations was relatively stable with corresponding release of LH and
      FSH. An augmentation of sensitivity, as well as the reserve, for both LH and FSH
      was elicited by an incremental change in circulating estradiol levels, a change
      imposed by daily administration of estradiol benzoate for 4 days during the early
      follicular phase. Under the same conditions, the addition of progesterone (10 mg,
      im) at the end of the estradiol benzoate treatment induced a marked amplification
      of the estrogen-augmented pituitary gonadotropin sensitivity and reserve. The
      pituitary sensitivity, relatively higher than the reserve in hypogonadal
      subjects, was reversed by the administration of ethinyl estradiol (20-50 mug/day)
      for 7 days. These data indicate that the functional capacity of the gondotrophs
      is profoundly modulated by estrogen through relative changes in pituitary
      sensitivity and reserve, and that progesterone in low doses exhibited an
      amplifying effect on estrogen-primed gonadotrophs in both the pituitary
      sensitivity and the reserve.

PMID- 1102552
TI  - Cell contacts in human islets of Langerhans.
AB  - The freeze-fracturing technique was applied to fresh human islets of Langerhans.
      With this technique, the inside of cellular membranes was revealed, and specific
      membrane differentiations, hitherto unknown, were observed in the plasma membrane
      of the endocrine cells. The specific membrane differentiations represent two
      types of intercellular junctions, namely the tight junction, which determines a
      closure of the extracellular space and the gap junction which allows molecules
      and ions to diffuse from one cell to another (sharing the gap junction) without
      leaking in the extracellular space (intercellular coupling). The presence of such
      junctions may be important for the secretory behavior of the cells within the
      islet.

PMID- 1102553
TI  - Serum LH and FSH response in four-hour infusions of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone in normal men, Sertoli cell only syndrome, and Klinefelter's syndrome.
AB  - Constant intravenous infusion of 1 mug/min of luteinizing hormone-releasing
      hormone (LHRH) for 4 hours into normal men produced a biphasic pattern of LH
      secretion. The initial LH peak occurred 15-45 minutes after the commencement of
      the infusion, following which LH levels plateaued or declined, subsequently
      rising as the infusion continued. No biphasic pattern of secretion could be
      identified for FSH. During the infusion, no consistent testosterone rise could be
      identified despite significant elevation of LH levels. Similar infusions of LHRH
      in men with Sertoli cell only syndrome produced exaggerated responses in terms of
      both LH and FSH. In contrast, a single intravenous bolus of 100 mug/ LHRH
      produced an exaggerated response in only one of the 3 men studied, suggesting
      that the prolonged infusion may be a more discerning dynamic test. Four-hour
      infusions of LHRH in men with untreated Klinefelter's syndrome produced
      exaggerated responses for both LH and FSH. After 6 weeks of treatment with long
      acting testosterone esters administered weekly (250 mg), the exaggerated
      responses for both FSH and LH were decreased. For LH, the decrease principally
      affected the initial phase of LH release, and the pattern obtained resembled more
      closely the biphasic pattern seen in normal men.

PMID- 1102554
TI  - Comparison of short and long-term treatment with synthetic LH-releasing hormone
      and clomiphene citrate in male hypothalamic hypogonadism.
AB  - The effects of short and long-term treatment with clomiphene citrate and with
      synthetic LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) on gonadotropin release were studied in 5
      male patients with hypothalamic hypogonadism. Neither short-term treatment with
      clomiphene citrate (50 mg or 200 mg daily for 4 days) nor long-term treatment (25
      mg or 100 mg for 30-62 days) was effective in increasing serum LH and FSH in any
      patients. On the other hand, 5 cases showed slight or no rise in LH after
      administration of a single dose of 100 mug LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) and higher
      rises after administration of 400 mug. Four cases who were given 200 mug LHRH
      daily for 3 weeks showed an increasing response of serum LH and reached maximal
      LH levels at 2 weeks, followed by no further increase. In two of the four cases
      serum LH level reached normal adult male ranges. There was no increase of serum
      testosterone during LHRH treatment. These results suggest that long-term
      treatment with synthetic LHRH may be effective for gonadotropin restoration in
      some patients with hypothalamic hypogonadism in which long-term treatment of
      clomiphene citrate was shown to be ineffective.

PMID- 1102555
TI  - Plasma gonadotropins after administration of LH-releasing hormone in patients
      with renal or hepatic failure.
AB  - The pituitary gonadotropin response to the administration of synthetic LH
      releasing hormone (LH RH) in 10 patients with renal failure and 5 patients with
      hepatic insufficiency was determined. The basal plasma LH and FSH levels were
      either normal or slightly elevated in both groups compared with the controls, but
      after the administration of LHRH, the peak levels (mean +/- SE mIU/ml) of LH
      (72.0 +/- 16.6) and FSH (18.7 +/- 4.4) in the patients with renal failure, and of
      LH (61.5 +/- 20.8) and FSH (13.2 +/- 2.8) in patients with hepatic insufficiency,
      were not significantly different from those in 11 normal controls (LH, 75.6 +/-
      12.0; FSH, 12.4 +/- 2.9). However, significant elevations in plasma gonadotropin
      levels persisted in these patients during the second and third hours after the
      administration of LHRH. These studies do not resolve the question of whether the
      prolonged elevation in plasma LH and FSH levels after LHRH administration is due
      to enhanced secretion, to a diminished rate of metabolic clearance of LHRH,
      and/or to the gonadotropins, or both. Evidence from this and previous studies
      suggests that there may be defects in the secretory functions of both the
      hypothalamus and pituitary gland in some of these patients.

PMID- 1102556
TI  - Serum LH and FSH responses to synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone in normal
      men.
AB  - The effects of dose and of age on the serum LH and FSH responses to synthetic
      gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) were determined in normal men. GnRH was
      given as in iv bolus in doses from 2 to 500 mug to each of nine normal men, 20-39
      years old. The mean (+/- SE) maximum delta LH (maximum increment above the basal
      concentration) in response to each dose of GnRH was 2 mug, 7.2 +/- 1.7 mIU/ml; 10
      mug, 15.7 +/- 3.4 mIU/ml; 50 mug, 37.7 +/- 9.6 mIU/ml; 250 mug, 47.8 +/- 11.2
      mIU/ml; and 500 mug, 49.3 +/- 11.2 mIU/ml. The mean delta FSH in response to each
      dose was 2 mug, 0.5 +/- 0.2 mIU/ml; 10 mug, 0.8 +/- 0.2 mIU/ml; 50 mug, 1.2 +/-
      0.3 mIU/ml; 250 mug, 2.0 +/- 0.3 mIU/ml; and 500 mug, 2.4 +/- 0.4 mIU/ml. Since
      both the LH and FSH responses to the 250 mug dose were significantly greater than
      those to smaller doses, but the responses to the 500 mug dose were not still
      larger, 250 mug was used as the standard test done for subsequent studies. The
      effect of age was tested by administering a 250 mug dose of GnRH as an iv bolus
      to 42 carefully selected normal men, 14 in each of three age groups, 20-39, 40
      59, and 60-79 years old. Dialyzable serum testosterone levels decreased with
      increasing age, from 21.7 +/- 4.6 to 16.0 +/- 4.9 to 14.3 +/- 3.8 ng/dl (mean +/-
      SD), and the basal serum LH levels increased slightly, from 7.4 +/- 3.4 to 9.6 +/
      3.1 to 10.8 +/- 3.2 mIU/ml, suggesting that a slight degree of primary Leydig
      cell failure occurs with increasing age. There was no corresponding increase in
      mean maximum delta LH in response to GnRH with increasing age, despite the
      elevation in mean basal LH levels. The maximum delta LH/basal LH ratio, in fact,
      declined from 6.8 to 5.1 to 3.3 in the three age groups. The basal serum FSH
      levels did not change with increasing age, but the mean delta FSH values
      decreased from 3.0 +/- 0.5 to 2.9 +/- 1.1 +/- 0.3 mIU/ml. These data demonstrate
      decreased LH and FSH responses to synthetic GnRH, as well as some primary Leydig
      cell failure, in the male senescence.

PMID- 1102557
TI  - New technique for quantitative bacteriological sampling of wounds by velvet pads:
      clinical sampling trial.
AB  - A new surface sampling method, the velvet pad rinse technique, was compared with
      the velvet pad imprint method, in a randomized bacteriological sampling trial,
      using surgical wounds to evaluate quantitative results. The efficiency of
      bacterial recovery was increased 20-fold by the new technique, and the
      improvement was ascribed in particular to the introduction of a procedure of
      rinsing the velvet pad after sampling.

PMID- 1102558
TI  - Reproducibility of the analytab (API 20E) system.
AB  - The reproducibility of the Analytab (API 20E) system for identification of
      Enterobacteriaceae was evaluated with 110 clinical isolates. Each isolate was
      identified by two technologists at different times. Genus-species identification
      was 97.3% reproducible; however, only 55.5% of the strains gave identical
      reactions in all 20 of the API 20E biochemical tests on repeat testing. Of those
      strains which varied, 56% possessed only one variable biochemical test. The
      reproducibility for each biochemical test was calculated and ranged from 89 to
      100%. A subset of 20 of the most variable strains was tested further under
      conditions of varying incubation time (15 and 22 h) and inoculum concentration
      (10(7), 10(5), and 10(3) colony-forming units per ml), and by having four
      technologists interpret the test results. The reproducibility for each
      biochemical test for these 20 variable strains ranged from 86 to 99%. Less
      variation in interpretation by technologists was seen at an incubation time of 22
      h and an inoculum concentration of 10(7) colony-forming units per ml.
      Consideration of the reproducibility for each biochemical test can aid in
      determining the probability that two isolates suspected of being the same strain,
      but with API profiles which differ by one or more biochemical test results, are
      in fact the same strain. Variables such as inoculum size, incubation time,
      technologist interpretation, and strip variability affect the API test results
      and should be standardized to minimize their effects.

PMID- 1102559
TI  - Identification of the elementary bodies of Chlamydia trachomatis in the electron
      microscope by an indirect immunoferritin technique.
AB  - An indirect immunoferritin (IIF) technique is described for recognizing the
      elementary bodies (EB) of Chlamydia trachomatis in unsectioned preparations. Both
      the EB of a genital strain of C. trachomatis grown in irradiated McCoy cells and
      EB in clinical specimens obtained from patients attending a venereal disease
      clinic were identified by the IIF test in the electron microscope. Cell culture
      grown EB were detected by ferritin staining for up to 4 weeks after the organisms
      had lost their infectivity for tissue cultures. The IIF test was of comparable
      sensitivity to isolation methods in detecting chlamydiae in clinical specimens.
      Other possible applications of the IIF technique are discussed.

PMID- 1102560
TI  - Indirect fluorescent antibody procedure for the rapid detection and
      identification of Bacteroides and Fusobacterium in clinical specimens.
AB  - An indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) technique was evaluated as a procedure for
      rapid detection and identification of members of the Bacteroidaceae. Antisera
      were prepared against 31 members of this family, including species of Bacteroides
      and Fusobacterium commonly isolated from human infections. The antisera had
      demonstrated species and/or subspecies specificity. Thirty clinical specimens
      were studied. Of 13 specimens yielding Bacteroidaceae, for which antisera were
      available, 23 were presumptively diagnosed by IFA to contain subspecies of B.
      fragilis and/or Fusobacterium species. Of 17 specimens yielding negative culture
      results, two were positive by IFA on direct smear. Frequently the in vivo
      morphology of cells detected in direct smears by this procedure closely mimicked
      that of cellular debris, tissue cells, and leukocytes. Polyvalent antisera pools
      facilitated use of the IFA procedure as a practical tool for rapid diagnosis of
      infections involving the Bacteroidaceae.

PMID- 1102561
TI  - Germ tube and chlamydospore formation by Candida albicans on a new medium.
AB  - A new medium composed of "cream of rice" infusion, oxgall, Tween 80, and agar is
      described for the sequential development of germ tubes and chlamydospores by
      Candida albicans. The procedure used (Dalmau's technique) is an improvement over
      the fluid substrate procedures previously advocated for germ tube formation. That
      the same preparation is then used for chlamydospore production is of practical
      importance for the clinical mycology laboratory.

PMID- 1102562
TI  - Unusual Enterobacteriaceae: lactose-positive Salmonella typhimurium which is
      endemic in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
AB  - Since 1971 a lactose-positive (lac+) Salmonella typhimurium variety Copenhagen
      has been endemic in the city of Sao Paulo. The strain is a strong lactose
      fermenter and resembles Escherichia coli on primary plating media and in triple
      sugar iron agar. Although most isolates of the strain have uniform properties,
      some have slightly different antigens, antibiograms, phage types, or fermentation
      patterns. Most isolates have come from stools of infants under 1 year of age and
      are probably hospital acquired; however, other isolates are probably community
      acquired. Eighteen other lac+ Salmonella isolated in the United States were also
      studied. Most of these strains resembled E. coli on primary plates and triple
      sugar iron agar; thus their identification would pose a problem for most clinical
      laboratories. A simple procedure for detecting lac+ Salmonella mixed with lac+ E.
      coli consists of touching 12 colonies in succession with a straight wire and then
      inoculating a peptone iron agar tube. H2S production is apparent from lac+
      Salmonella even if 11 E. coli and one Salmonella colony are picked. If a positive
      peptone iron agar tube is observed, then individual colonies are tested to rule
      out other strong H2S producers. The true incidence of lac+ Salmonella is unknown
      because they are not isolated and identified in most laboratories.

PMID- 1102563
TI  - Evaluation of the Uni-Yeast-Tek kit for the identification of medically important
      yeasts.
AB  - The Uni-Yeast-Tek system, a commercially prepared kit and scheme for the rapid
      identification of medically important yeasts (Corning Medical), was evaluated in
      comparison with a conventional procedure in the identification of 623 yeasts. The
      system permitted the presumptive identification of 99.8% of 436 isolates
      representing 16 common species commonly isolated in the clinical laboratory.
      Correct biochemical and morphological analyses were obtained with 48 other
      species, but their specific identification required additional data.

PMID- 1102564
TI  - Formalinized bacterial "antigens" as a potential infection hazard.
AB  - It is widely thought that after enteric bacteric have been "formalinized"
      (treated with an equal volume of 0.6% formalin) for 1 h, the bacteria become
      "antigens" and are no longer viable. None of the 27 cultures of Salmonella and
      other Enterobacteriaceae were entirely killed within 1 h after formalin was
      added, but all 27 were reduced from 10(9) viable cells per ml to less than 10(2)
      per ml within 7 h. Thus, mouth pipetting of cultures formalinized for only 1 h is
      a possible infection hazard.

PMID- 1102565
TI  - Immunochemical studies of the endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract. II
      An immunoperoxide technique for the localization of secretin containing cells in
      human duodenum.
AB  - Endocrine cells containing secretin have been identified in the epithelium lining
      human duodenum by direct and indirect immunoperoxidase techniques using immune
      sera raised against pur natural secretin. The techniques were applied to sections
      of carbodiimide-fixed tissue embedded in polyethylene glycol. Some sections,
      stained by a modified indirect technique, were processed for electron microscopy;
      secretin-containing granules were present by ultrastructural preservation was too
      poor to be of value. The potential advantages of a peroxidase technique over
      fluorescein-coniugated antisera are discussed.

PMID- 1102566
TI  - A clinical trial design avoiding undue placebo treatment.
AB  - A design is descirbed of a modified placebo-controlled double-blind clinical
      trial procedure. The design was evolved in attempt to overcome certain problems
      inherent in the conventional double-blind procedure, in particular the ethical
      problem of prolonged exposure of the patient to placebo treatment. The modified
      designs consist of two phases. In the first (open) phase, patients selected
      according to the normal protocol requirements are given the medication under
      study for a predetermined time. Patients responding favorably to such treatment
      then enter a second (double blind) phase during which is tested the null
      hypothesis that all the favorable effects observed during the open phase are
      placebo effects. Experience with this clinical trial design in the evaluation of
      an antianginal agent is briefly described. In this case, the null hypothesis was
      disproved, and a potent therapeutic action was evidenced.

PMID- 1102567
TI  - The effect of glucagon on airway resistance.
AB  - Nine subjects with obstructive airway disease took part in this double-blind
      study of the effect of glucagon in relieving bronchoconstriction compared with
      isoproterenol or isotonic saline. Drugs were administered via an in-line
      intermittent positive-pressure breathing unit. FEV1, MEF, PEF, and nitrogen
      washout data were evaluated. Ten minutes after administration of saline, mean
      FEV1 and MEF values were significantly reduced from baseline levels (P less than
      0.05). Compared to saline, isoproterenol was followed by significantly increased
      FEV1 and MEF values (P less than 0.05) at both 10 and 30 minutes after
      medication, indicating reduction in bronchoconstriction. Although the 1-mg dose
      of glucagon was followed by a mean decrease in these parameters, this decrease
      was less than that seen after saline alone.

PMID- 1102568
TI  - Cardiorespiratory response to a new isoquinoline derivative in critically III
      patients.
AB  - NC 7197, a new N-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative, was given in
      doses of 0.2 mg/kg body weight on 26 occasions to a series of 23 critically ill
      postoperative and posttraumatic patients who had been in moderate or severe
      degrees of shock. This agent was observed to improve pressure-flow and oxygen
      transport variables, including increases in cardiac index, mean arterial
      pressure, central venous pressure, both left and right ventricular stroke work,
      central blood volume, systemic vascular resistance, oxygen availability,
      arteriovenous oxygen content difference, and oxygen consumption, and decreases in
      mean transit time and pulmonary vascular resistance. Previous studies on
      critically ill patients have suggested that these are the most commonly desired
      therapeutic actions for this type of patient. The agent has pronounced inotropic
      effect with minimal chronotropic effects, but with higher doses, chronotropic
      effects as well as alpha blocking effects may occur. The optimal effects may be
      obtained by adjusting the dose to an appropriate therapeutic range. It is
      concluded that, in the dose used, this agent produced both alpha and beta
      adrenergic actions in critically ill patients.

PMID- 1102569
TI  - Metiapine: a double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine in acute schizophrenic
      patients.
AB  - Sixty newly admitted acute schizophrenic patients were randomly assigned to a
      double-blind trial of metiapine with a maximum dose of 450 mg per day versus a
      maximum dose of 450 mg per day versus a maximum daily dose of 900 mg
      chlorpromazine per day. At the conclusion of the study, 21 patients in each group
      showed marked to moderate improvement. There were significantly more marked
      improvers in the metiapine group then the chlorpromazine group on the Physician's
      Posttreatment Global Impression. Evaluation by analysis of covariance of the
      Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale showed a significant difference between treatment
      groups favoring chlorpromazine on the item of blunted affect. The spectrum of
      side effects was similar in the two groups, except for six patients treated with
      metiapine who displayed tachycardia on the EKG. This pulse elevation was
      reflected in the group data and is probably dose related. In conclusion, both
      drugs appeared to be equally efficacious in the treatment of newly admitted acute
      schizophrenic patients.

PMID- 1102570
TI  - Correlation of serum creatinine concentration and amikacin half-life.
AB  - The half-life of amikacin in serum has been measured following the administration
      of a single intravenous injection of 7 mg/kg in nine adult patients with varying
      degrees of renal function impairment and in four patients with normal renal
      function. A linear relationship between the half-life and the serum concentration
      has been found, suggesting that half-life of amikacin in serum can be calculated
      by multiplying the serum creatinine (in mg/100 ml) by 3.

PMID- 1102571
TI  - Changes in fibrinogen levels, platelet counts, clotting times and fibrinolytic
      activity in relation to thrombosis in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.

PMID- 1102572
TI  - Distribution of immunoglobulins in equine tissues by indirect immunofluorescence.

PMID- 1102573
TI  - Variability in mineral and trace element content of dairy cattle feeds.
AB  - Trace element content of feeds is extremely variable compared to total digestible
      nutrients or protein. Differences are wide between low and high values for many
      trace elements within a given type of feed. Coefficients of variation for forages
      range from 42 to 100%. Summary data are given for both major and trace elements.
      Problems in supplementation are discussed. Amounts for some elements are skewed
      with relatively few samples around the mean and over 60% below the mean.
      Suggested mineral allowances for dairy cows are listed. Under current
      supplementation, zinc is the trace element most likely to be limiting and
      manganese the least likely. Iron, copper, cobalt, and iodine may be limiting in
      some cases. Needs of research and applied nutrition are presented.

PMID- 1102574
TI  - New concepts and developments in metabolism and homeostasis of inorganic elements
      in dairy cattle. A review.
AB  - Major routes of homeostatic control animals use to adapt to widely variable
      intakes of minerals and the necessity of keeping tissue content of functional
      forms relatively constant are changes in: (1) percentage absorbed, (2) urinary
      excretion, (3) tissue deposition in harmless or mobilizable reserve forms, (4)
      secretion into milk, and (5) endogenous excretion via feces. The importance of
      each varies greatly among elements. Changes in absorption are of major importance
      with calcium, iron, zinc, and manganese but not with cadmium or iodine. Urine is
      a major control route for magnesium, fluorine, selenium, iodine, sodium,
      chlorine, and potassium. Milk iodine varies almost directly with intake. Tissue
      deposition and withdrawal are key routes for iron, copper, fluorine, and calcium.
      Endogenous (metabolic fecal) excretion is crucial in manganese homeostasis.
      Biochemical details of most homeostatic control mechanisms have not been
      established. Apparently changes in body tissues control percentage absorption of
      several elements, including zinc, at the intestine which is the control site.
      Other major factors which may affect metabolism of several elements include
      chemical form, whether the elements include chemical form, whether the element is
      absorbed or injected, and genetic differences among animals. Several common
      pitfalls and special research problems are discussed. New research indicates that
      silicon, vanadium, nickel, tin, and fluorine are probably essential.

PMID- 1102575
TI  - Selenium in ruminant nutrition: a review.
AB  - The early interest in selenium related primarily to its toxicity, but since 1957
      the element has been recognized as a dietary essential. The dietary requirement
      for selenium by most species is about .1 ppm. Deficiencies of selenium in cattle
      and sheep have been confirmed under natural grazing conditions in many countries
      of the world. Overt signs of inadequacy such as white muscle disease (nutritional
      muscular dystrophy) occur primarily in young calves or lambs born to selenium
      deficient dams. Infertility has increased in ewes grazing pastures low in
      selenium. In general, signs of deficiency have not occurred in older animals such
      as finishing beef cattle and lactating dairy cows. Subclinical deficiencies of
      selenium are not determined easily, however, and thus an inadequacy of the
      element may be limiting maximum animal performance under certain circumstances of
      drylot feeding. The current nutritional status of ruminant animals in many
      geographical areas and involving various feeding programs with this element has
      not been established. The recent widespread deficiency problems with nonruminants
      suggest that such an assessment should be made. Concentration of selenium in
      tissue, particularly in the liver, has been used in establishing selenium status
      of the animal. With lambs glutathione peroxidase activity in certain tissues may
      be a more accurate indicator of selenium adequacy than is selenium content of the
      tissue. Supplemental sodium selenite and sodium selenate by either oral
      administration or parenteral injection have prevented clinical signs of selenium
      deficiency and animal losses in both ruminant and nonruminant animals. Heavy
      pellets containing elemental selenium for placement in the rumen have proved
      effective. In general, organic forms of selenium are absorbed more readily by
      animals than are inorganic compounds. The dietary requirements for selenium and
      its metabolism are influenced by many nutrient interrelationships, including its
      interactions with sulfur, lipids, vitamin E, proteins, amino acids, and several
      microelements. The Food and Drug Administration gave approval in 1974 for the
      oral administration of supplemental selenium as either sodium selenite or sodium
      selenate to certain classes of swine and poultry. Similar approval in the United
      States for ruminants will require additional information, particularly with
      regard to the influence of dietary intake on concentrations of selenium in tissue
      and milk in beef and dairy animals.

PMID- 1102576
TI  - Topical fluoridation of teeth before sealant application.

PMID- 1102577
TI  - David Farrar Mitchell, BS, DDS, PhD December 15, 1918--July 17, 1975.

PMID- 1102578
TI  - Russell R. Pfeiffer, 1934-1975.

PMID- 1102579
TI  - Rockford College president to address Convocation.

PMID- 1102580
TI  - The journalism policies of the American College of Dentists. The report of the
      Commission on Journalism.

PMID- 1102581
TI  - The journalism policies of the American College of Dentists. Since the report of
      the Commission on Journalism.

PMID- 1102582
TI  - The journalism policies of the American College of Dentists. We should either
      abide by our policies or change them.

PMID- 1102583
TI  - A historical review of complete denture impression materials.
AB  - The history of complete denture impression procefures has been influenced largely
      by the development of impression materials from which new ideas and techniques
      arose. Apparently, some procedures have been devised solely for the promotion of
      certain impression materials. For the most part, however, impression materials
      have been developed to accomplish specific goals and, at the time at least, were
      considered desirable for the purpose.

PMID- 1102584
TI  - Dental consideration for the child with cleft palate.
AB  - The dentist's role in the care of the child with cleft palate involves his
      delivery of the examination, restorative and preventive procedures, and
      prosthetic, orthodontic, and orthopedic therapy. The practitioner is urged to
      enthusiastically and intelligently render treatment to these children to the full
      extent of his capabilities. It also must be remembered that because of the nature
      of the defect, children with clefts frequently are under demanding therapy from
      many specialists over their years of growth and development. We must not neglect
      our obligation to these individuals, but priorities must be taken into
      consideration for the overall best interest of the patient.

PMID- 1102585
TI  - Letter: Recollections of the past (George W. Stryker).

PMID- 1102586
TI  - Changes in the skull--past, present, and future--because of evolution.

PMID- 1102587
TI  - A time to paint (Siegfried Gruenwald).

PMID- 1102588
TI  - The dental office in transition.

PMID- 1102589
TI  - Experimental production of granulomatous pneumonitis. Comparison of immunological
      and morphological sequelae with particulate and soluble antigens administered via
      the respiratory route.
AB  - Rabbits were sensitized with either a soluble protein antigen (BSA) or a
      particulate thermophilic actinomycete antigen (Micropolyspora faeni) via the
      respiratory route, followed by monitoring of sequential morphologic changes and
      the humoral plus cellular immunologic response. Primary respiratory tract
      sensitization with BSA resulted in a humoral anti-BSA response, Arthus and
      delayed skin reactivity, and in some cases specific antigen-induced alveolar
      macrophage migration inhibition, all in the absence of pulmonary lesions. Lesions
      characterized by mild multifocal perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates in the
      lungs developed only after secondary BSA aerosol challenge. In contrast to these
      findings, "primary" respiratory tract sensitization with M. faeni particulate
      antigen in saline solution resulted in the gradual development of extensive and
      progressive pulmonary interstitial and alveolar mononuclear cell infiltrates.
      These lesions were uniformly associated with specific serum precipitating
      antibody and delayed skin reactivity. Alveolar macrophage migration was
      significantly inhibited by Micropolyspora faeni in virtually of these animals.
      These results, while not excluding a primary irritant effect or Type II or III
      alergic tissue injury, suggest a role for delayed (cell-mediated)
      hypersensitivity in the pathogenesis of particulate actinomycete-induced
      pulmonary lesions. They also indicate that primary immunization with soluble
      purified protein antigens via the respiratory route can lead to systemic humoral
      and cell-mediated immunity without production of pulmonary lesions.

PMID- 1102590
TI  - Letter: Removal of the steroid side chain using remote oxidation. Conversion of
      3beta-cholestranol to androsterone acetate.

PMID- 1102591
TI  - Col Manchester receives 1975 Copher Award in San Antonio.

PMID- 1102592
TI  - Agenesis of the vagina: report of case.

PMID- 1102593
TI  - Studies on immune competence in the rat: changes with age, sex, and strain.
AB  - Reticuloendothelial capacity (determined by colloidal carbon clearance) and cell
      mediated immunity (determined by xenograft skin grafts and macrophage migration
      inhibition in vitro) were studied as a function of age for the first time in male
      and female Sprague-Dawley rats. The results of all three tests in the female rat
      indicated that maximal immune competence was reached at the onset of puberty (4
      weeks) and, depending on the immune response, immune competence declined
      significantly with age (4 to 96 weeks). In the male Sprague-Dawley, a similar
      pattern was found in two out of the three tests (colloidal carbon clearance,
      xenograft skin grafts). Macrophage migration inhibition in the male was
      unaffected by age (4 to 40 weeks). Cell-mediated immunity (xenograft skin grafts)
      was also studied in male and female rats of another strain (Long Evans) as a
      function of age. Maximal competence occurred at the onset of puberty and declined
      thereafter.

PMID- 1102594
TI  - Current publications in gerontology and geriatrics.

PMID- 1102595
TI  - [In memory of Cecile Vogt at the occasion of the 100tth anniversary of her
      birthday].

PMID- 1102596
TI  - Effect of Cs137 on immunological reactivity (review of literature).
AB  - An important role of Cs137 as a new ecological factor was shown by analyzing the
      works of 31 authors. This radioisotope may at present be deceted in the organisms
      of all the inhabitants of this planet. The migration of Cs137 along the chain
      lichen-deer-man leads to its accumulation in the organism of human subjects
      living in the Extreme North and utilizing venison in their diet. Although the
      high sensitivity of immunological reactions to various unfavourable environmental
      factors is well known, the materials on the effect of incorporated Cs137 on
      immunity are scanty, Experiments on animals have shown changes in factors of
      nonspecific immunity (phagocytic reaction of blood neutrophils, bactericidal
      activity, lysozyme and complement titres of blood serum) and specific immunity
      (formation of antiviral antibodies). The blood of animals injured by the isotope
      displays complete and incomplete autoantibodies. A dependance between the
      immunobiological changes and the dose absorbed by the organism was demonstrated.
      The entry of CS137 into the organism of the inhabitants of the Extreme North who
      use venison in their diet did not, with the absorbed dose equalling up to 50 Mrem
      per year, lead to changes in their immunological reactivity.

PMID- 1102597
TI  - Study of rickettsioses in Slovakia. II. Infestation of fleas and mites in mole
      nests in some localities in Central Slovakia with C. burneti and Rickettsiae
      belonging to the spotted fever (SF) group.
AB  - Fleas and mites obtained from 115 mole nests in Central Slovakia from an area
      where Q fever and rickettsiosis due to rickettsie of the SF occur, from the
      border of this area and apart from it, were tested for infestation with
      rickettsiae by the method of isolation of rickettsiae on chick embryo yolk sacs,
      by the method of detection of rickettsiae on smears from the arthropods using
      immunofluorescence, by the method of exposure of albino mice and Apodemus
      flavicollis to mole nests and by the method of inoculation of suspension from the
      arthropods to albino mice. In the latter two methods, infestation of the
      arthropods was assessed according to the formation of antibodies in the mice. It
      has been found that fleas and mites in all three areas under test are infected
      with C. burneti and with rickettsia of the SF group. C. burneti was currently
      detected in the focus of rickettsioses and in the localities situated in its
      borders while only one case was observed apart from the focus. Rickettsiae of the
      SF group were found in fleas and mites in all areas tested showing no greater
      percentual differences. The method of detection of rickettsia in smears from the
      arthropods using the immunofluorescence technique and antibody response in mice
      inoculated with infected arthropods was found to be the most effective in these
      studies. On the basis of the obtained results the authors believe that mites and
      fleas living in mole nests participate in the circulation of both species of
      rickettsiae in nature in the transfer of rickettsiae among small mammals. The
      question whether these arthropods are a reservoir, a biological or a mechanical
      vector, still remains open.

PMID- 1102598
TI  - Some immunochemical and chemical aspects of S and R Shigella dysenteriae 1
      endotoxins.
AB  - Endotoxins of S and R forms of Shigella dysenteriae 1 were prepared by NaCl-Na
      citrate extraction, purified by gel chromatography on Sephadex G 200 and on
      Sepharose 4B and subjected to immunochemical and chemical analysis. The toxins
      contained 25--30% of lipids, 40--50% of carbohydrates and 14--24% of protein. The
      lipid and protein moieties of the lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes exhibited
      no significant difference, whereas the sugar moieties differed markedly (both
      qualitatively and quantitatively), in relation to the growth form of the culture.
      The lipid moiety, which consists at least of 22 fatty acids, has the greatest
      relative content (approx. 50%) of behenic acid, 22:0, and palmitic acid, 16:0
      (approx. 11%). In the protein moiety, at least 16 amino acids were determined;
      these amino acids were identical in both endotoxin types, but their total content
      was higher in the R form, giving an R:S ratio of 1.7 +/- 0.2. The sugar moiety
      consists of galactose, glucosamine and either rhamnose (in S endotoxin) or
      aldoheptose (in R endotoxin). The difference of the chemical composition of the
      sugar moiety is believed to account for the diametric difference in the
      immunochemical character, in particular the different behaviour in the electric
      field, of both endotoxin types. The average content of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2
      octulosonic acid was determined as 0.5% for both S and R endotoxin. Trace amounts
      of O-phosphorylethanolamine were found. Individual aspects of the chemical and
      immunochemical analysis are discussed in detail.

PMID- 1102599
TI  - The effects of chemotherapeutics on the species streptococcus in vitro.
AB  - The authors studied the sensitivity of some rather recent products-
      flucloxacillin, doxycyclin, clindamycin and cotrimoxazol--in correlation with
      classical penicillin. If therapy by means of classical penicillins is unsuitable,
      clindamycin and the semi-synthetic penicillin flucloxacillin appear to be a
      further alternative and the most suitable chemotherapeutic in streptococcal
      infections.

PMID- 1102600
TI  - Immunologic functions of isolated human lymphocyte subpopulations. VI. Further
      characterization of the surface Ig negative, E rosette negative (null cell)
      subset.
AB  - Sephadex G-200 anti-human Fab column chromatography and rosette depletion
      techniques were used to isolate three distinct subpopulations of human
      lymphocytes: 1) T cells which are surface Ig negative and E rosette positive, 2)
      B cells which are surface Ig positive and E rosette negative, and 3) a "Null"
      cell population which is both surface Ig negative and E rosette negative. All
      populations were analyzed for their capacity to develop surface Ig and synthesize
      Ig in vitro. Greater than 50% of cells in the Null cell population developed
      surface Ig by day 3 of cell culture. Furthermore, in vitro, the Ig content of the
      Null cell population, as well as their capacity to secrete Ig in culture, becomes
      comparable to that produced by B cells. In contrast, cultured T cells neither
      develop surface Ig nor secrete Ig in culture. These data strongly support the
      idea that the Null population contains a subset of Ig-producing B cells.

PMID- 1102601
TI  - Ly antigens: markers of T cell function on mouse spleen cells.
AB  - By the use of Ly antisera and complement it is possible to remove subpopulations
      of mouse T cells from spleen cell suspension. It is shown that these Ly antisera
      are specific for the Ly alleles carried by the cells. Helper cells from primed or
      unprimed mice and cells which respond to Con A express Ly-1 antigen but little or
      no Ly-2 antigen (Ly-1+ phenotype) whereas cells which respond to PHA express both
      Ly-1 and Ly-2 antigens (Ly-1+2+ phenotype).

PMID- 1102602
TI  - Oxisuran and immune reactions: mediation of oxisuran action by the adrenal
      glands.
AB  - Oxisuran was tested in a TAR system and for the DH on SRBC. Besides
      immunosuppressive properties in the TAR and DH also mentioned by other authors,
      stimulation was found after prolonged administration. No effect of oxisuran on
      the humoral response was observed. The action of oxisuran was suggested to be
      indirect, effected by stimulation of the PAG system. Adrenalectomy of mice made
      animals non-liable for oxisuran action measured in the TAR assay. Oxisuran caused
      an increase of the corticosterone plasma level with a peak after four daily
      injections. This was paralleled by a peak in adrenal gland weight and a minimum
      in thymus size. The reduction in these effects after five injections
      (tachyphylaxis) suggest that a feedback mechanism is involved. Comparison of
      thymus weights after oxisuran and corticosterone administration indicates that a
      daily dose of 100 mg oxisuran/kg corresponds with 1.5 mg corticosterone/kg. The
      effects of oxisuran in the TAR and on the DH and the feedback phenomenon could be
      imitated with 1.5 mg corticosterone/kg. The mononuclear phagocyte has been
      proposed as the main target cell of oxisuran action, mediated by the PAG system.

PMID- 1102603
TI  - Histocompatibility and T-B cell cooperation in mouse radiation chimeras.
AB  - Cooperative interaction between histocompatible as well as histoincompatible T
      and B cells in vivo was studied with B cell-bearing syngeneic radiation chimeras
      receiving syngeneic, semiallogeneic, or allogeneic A and T cells in various
      combinations. The results indicated the following: i) Histoincompatible T and B
      cells normally did not cooperate successfully for generation of antibody-forming
      cells. ii) Semiallogeneic (C3BF1) T cells cooperated successfully with parent
      type (C3H) B cells developed in parent-type syngeneic chimeras (C3H/C3H), whereas
      parent-type (C3H as well as C57BL) T cells failed to cooperate with F1 (BC3F1) B
      cells developed in F1 syngeneic chimeras (BC3F1/BC3F1). iii) T cells obtained
      from C57BL/C3H or C57BL/C3BF1 chimeras, which were most likely donor (C57BL)-
      derived, cooperated successfully with C3H-derived B cells developed in C3H/C3H
      chimeras. iv) Evidence was obtained suggesting that stimulation of antibody
      response by allogeneic effect in the absence of syngeneic or semisyngeneic helper
      T cells did not take place in this experimental system. v) With the use of
      congenic resistant strains, it was shown that alloantigens controlled by H-2
      loci, in particular by the K-I region of this gene complex, constituted the
      barrier of cooperative interaction between histoincompatible T and B cells. vi)
      Cooperation between H-2 compatible, non-syngeneic T and B cells was also
      disturbed in varying degrees depending on the strain combinations, thus
      indicating that cell surface antigens controlled by non-H-2 loci also had a
      significant role for the cooperative interaction between T and B cells. Problems
      associated with these findings were discussed.

PMID- 1102604
TI  - Rapid isolation of antigens from cells with a staphylococcal protein A-antibody
      adsorbent: parameters of the interaction of antibody-antigen complexes with
      protein A.
AB  - The Cowan I strain of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus has been used as an
      adsorbent for antibodies complexed with radiolabeled antigens from cell lysates.
      This application is advanced as a superior alternative to other methods of immune
      precipitation for the isolation of antigens. It exploits the high adsorption
      capacity for IgG molecules by protein A molecules on the cell walls of certain
      strains of staphylococci, along with the advantageous sedimentation properties of
      the bacteria. The interaction of immune complexes with the adsorbent was defined
      initially using a model system of bovine serum albumin with a high excess of
      rabbit anti-bovine serum albumin antibodies (IgG). The uptake of immune complexes
      under these conditions was extremely rapid, occurring within seconds, whereas
      maximum binding of free IgG was much slower. In addition, once bound the
      complexed antigen could not be displaced from the adsorbent either by large
      amounts of normal IgG or by extra free antibody. Antigen could be eluted almost
      completely from the inert adsorbent for analytic or preparative purposes with a
      variety of solvent systems, such as the detergent SDS in combination with urea
      and high temperature, and neutral salts with strong lyotropic salting in
      properties. The efficacy of the protein A-antibody adsorption technique was
      tested in direct comparisons with a conventional double antibody precipitation
      method for the isolation of mouse lymphocyte IgM. The bacterial adsorbent not
      only had a distinct advantage in speed of antigen isolation, but analyses by
      polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in SDS also revealed consistently higher
      antigen recoveries, lower levels of background radioactivity, and an absence of
      other cell components which may nonspecifically bind to and complicate analyses
      using conventional immune precipitates.

PMID- 1102605
TI  - Antigen suppression of the in vitro development of plaque-forming cells to
      autologous erythrocyte antigens.
AB  - Peritoneal cell cultures from NZB and C57BL/6 mice develop large numbers of PFC
      directed against antigens present on bromelain-treated isologous erythrocytes.
      The development of these autoimmune PFC can be suppressed by the addition of
      small numbers of BrMRBC at the start of the culture period. The possibility that
      the development of the plaque is prevented by the presence of antigen in vivo is
      discussed.

PMID- 1102606
TI  - Chemotaxis under agarose: a new and simple method for measuring chemotaxis and
      spontaneous migration of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes.
AB  - A variety of methods have been devised for the study of spontaneous and directed
      cell migration. Among these, the membrane filter method introduced by Boyden in
      1962, with its more recent modifications, has become the technique of choice for
      studies of leukocyte migration in vitro. This method, however, cannot be applied
      without alteration to studies of chemotaxis and spontaneous migration of cells of
      different types. We describe in this report a new and simple method for studying
      human leukocyte chemotaxis, in vitro, which is based upon migration of cells
      under agarose gel. This method has application to both polymorphonuclear
      leukocytes and monocytes, permits measurement of both chemotaxis and spontaneous
      migration, requires fewer cells per test, and is rapid, simple, reproducible, and
      inexpensive to set up.

PMID- 1102607
TI  - Desensitization: effects on cutaneous and peritoneal manifestations of delayed
      hypersensitivity in relation to lymphokine production.
AB  - Guinea pigs exhibiting delayed hypersensitivity may be desensitized by a single
      large dose of antigen administered intramuscularly. In the present experiments,
      desensitization with a soluble protein such as egg albumin (EA) or bovine gamma
      globulin (BGG) was nonspecific in that they suppressed both cutaneous reactivity
      and the macrophage disappearance reaction (MDR) to unrelated antigen in doubly
      immunized animals. In contrast, myobacterial antigen, at the dose studied, showed
      limited specificity in that it could suppress the MDR but not a skin test to an
      unrelated antigen. Induction of an MDR was shown to be associated with the
      appearance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and chemotactic
      activity in the peritoneal exudate fluid. Pretreatment with desensitizing doses
      of mycobacteria prevented the EA-induced appearance of MIF in the peritoneal
      fluids. In contrast, chemotactic activity could still be recovered, even though
      the MDR was suppressed. Mycobacteria functioned as a specific desensitizer not
      only with respect to cutaneous reactivity, as stated above, but also with respect
      to the production of chemotatic factor by peritoneal exudate cells. In contrast,
      mycobacteria functioned as a nonspecific desensitizer with respect to both the
      MDR and MIF production. These results suggest that the MDR may be an in vivo
      manifestation of MIF activity, whereas the cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity
      reaction may be more dependent upon chemotactic activity. These observations
      reported here, taken in conjunction with previously described in vitro studies,
      suggest that desensitization is a complex phenomenon which may be the result of
      several different mechanisms acting separately or in concert. The apparent
      discrepancies in the literature as to whether or not desensitization is a
      specific process would appear to arise from differences in the experimental model
      and the particular antigen used.

PMID- 1102608
TI  - Interrelationships of surface immunoglobulin and Fc receptors on mouse B
      lymphocytes.
AB  - Receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules have been detected
      on mouse B lymphocytes by an immunofluorescence technique, employing immune
      complexes of fluorescein-conjugated KLH and rabbit anti-KLH antibody. At 37
      degrees C, membrane-bound complexes rapidly undergo capping and clearing from the
      surface. Modulation of Fc receptors does not alter the amount of distribution of
      surface Ig, indicating that these two molecules are independent moieties.
      However, capping of surface Ig by intact or pepsin-digested anti-Ig antibody
      leads to co-capping of Fc receptors. These results suggest that ligand binding to
      surface Ig induces some alteration which allows the Ig to enter into an
      association with Fc receptors.

PMID- 1102609
TI  - Functional deficiency of splenic adherent cells in New Zealand black mice.
AB  - New Zealand Black (NZB) mice hyporespond after in vitro immunization to sheep
      erythrocytes but not after in vivo immunization. The difference between in vitro
      and in vivo immunization was found to involve a non-antigen-specific change in
      the spleen which occurs in vivo soon after priming. Adherent spleen cells from
      young NZB or control strain mice were compared in their ability to cooperate with
      nonadherent cells in the induction of a primary immune response to sheep
      erythrocytes in vitro. The results support the hypothesis that there is a
      functional deficiency of adherent cells in the spleens of unprimed NZB mice.

PMID- 1102610
TI  - Enumerating immunoglobulin-secreting cells among peripheral human lymphocytes. A
      hemolytic plaque assay for a B cell function.
AB  - Cells bearing immunoglobulin (Ig) can be enumerated by current methods, but cells
      secreting Ig (with unknown antibody specificity) can not. By using a reverse
      plaque-forming cell assay, we counted the Ig-secreting cells in the blood of
      nonimmunized individuals. Isolated human lymphocytes were plated in gels together
      with erythrocytes coated with purified antibody to human Ig. After treatment with
      anti-Ig antibody and complement, the Ig-secreting cells formed hemolytic plaques.
      In 10 normal individuals, 1.2 +/- 0.4% of the plated mononuclear cells formed
      plaques; in an individual tested on 7 different days during 3 months, 1.1 +/-
      0.2% of the cells formed plaques. From the number of mononuclear cells in the
      blood, we calculated 22 +/- 8 Ig-secreting cells per mm3 of blood. Enumerating Ig
      secreting cells is a new direct assay for a B cell function and need not
      correlate with quantitating serum Ig. Thus, this assay should be useful for
      studying Ig-secretion in normal and altered states.

PMID- 1102611
TI  - A new immunoassay based on fluorescence excitation by internal reflection
      spectroscopy.
AB  - A new immunoassay technique is described which uses totally internally reflected
      light to excite the fluorescence of fluorescein labeled antibody which has become
      bound to a hapten--protein conjugate absorbed on a quartz-plate in the antibody
      solution. The presence of any free hapten in solution reduces the amount of
      antibody free to bind to the surface and thus reduces the fluorescence signal.
      Measurement of the decrease of the fluorescent signal then gives a measure of the
      concentration of free hapten present. The technique is simple, fast and has high
      intrinsic sensitivity and specificity. It has been demonstrated for phenyl
      arsonic acid and morphine. Free morphine at a concentration of 2 X 10(-7) M is
      readily detected.

PMID- 1102612
TI  - The L.A.I. microtest: a rapid and sensitive precedure for the demonstration of
      cell-mediated immunity in vitro.
AB  - A new microtest for cell-mediated immunity is described, which is based on the
      elaboration of a diffusible factor from sensitized lymphocytes following contact
      with specific antigen. The factor inhibits the adherence of neighbouring
      leucocytes to plastic surfaces. Production of the factor is ablated by
      pretreatment of lymphocytes with Theta-antiserum. It is suggested that the factor
      may be a new lymphokine, leucocyte adherence inhibition factor (LAIF).

PMID- 1102613
TI  - An unusual presentation of an intra-abdominal foreign in body.

PMID- 1102614
TI  - Clinical trials with Alice strain, live, attenuated, serum inhibitor-resistant
      intranasal influenza A vaccine.
AB  - Two clinical trials with Alice strain intranasal influenza vaccine were
      performed. In study no. 1 (utilizing random selection and double-blind control),
      50 subjects received a bivalent inactivated influenza vaccine intramuscularly, 99
      subjects received Alice strain vaccine intranasally, and 50 subjects received a
      placebo intranasally. No symptomatology could be attributed to the intranasal
      route of immunization. Convalescent-phase geometric mean titers of
      hemagglutination inhibition antibody were higher after intramuscular vaccination;
      seroconversion occurred in 16 or 17 recipients of the Alice strain, with initial
      titers of less than 1:8. Clinical and virologic surveillance for 20 weeks after
      vaccination revealed no influenza A illnesses in participants of the study. In
      study no. 2, 75% of the subjects with initial nasal antibody titers of less than
      1:3 developed measurable nasal antibody after receiving Alice strain vaccine.

PMID- 1102615
TI  - Letter: Amphotericin B and 5-fluorocytosine.

PMID- 1102616
TI  - Group B streptococcus in a general hospital.
AB  - Eighty-six percent of 707 beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated in a general
      hospital and excluded by presumptive tests from groups A and D were identified
      serologically as group B. More than 70% of the group B isolates were from urine
      cultures, the female genital gract, or newborn infants. Types III and II were the
      most common group B serotypes from most sources. However, types Ia, Ib, and Ic
      were more commonly isolated from the respiratory tract than from other sites, and
      type III was responsible for most serious neonatal infections. All group B
      streptococci were sensitive in vitro to comparable levels of penicillin G,
      ampicillin, and cephalothin and were highly resistant to kanamycin. Seventy-two
      percent were resistant to tetracycline but only 1%-2% to erythromycin,
      clindamycin, and chloramphenicol. Despite consistent sensitivity to penicillin G,
      the minimal inhibitory concentrations were significantly higher for group B than
      for group A streptococci.

PMID- 1102618
TI  - Hospitals--state institutions--Poison Control Centers--Home Health Agencies.

PMID- 1102617
TI  - Prevalence of toxigenic and invasive strains of Escherichia coli in a hospital
      population.
AB  - The pathogenesis of gastrointestinal infections caused by Escherichia coli has
      been attributed to the ability of some strains to produce exotoxins
      (enterotoxins) or to invade the intestinal mucosa directly. To investigate the
      possible role of invasiveness and of production of toxin in the pathogenesis of
      nonenteric E. coli infections, we studied E. coli isolated from 152 patients with
      urinary tract infections, bacteremia, or both. None of the isolates from urine or
      blood exhibited invasiveness in the guinea pig eye or produced toxin in tissue
      culture or in infant mice; only one patient was a gastrointestinal carrier of
      toxin-producing E. coli. We concluded that, in the population of this study,
      production of toxin and invasiveness were not important in the pathogenesis of
      most urinary tract infections or bacteremia caused by E. coli, and that
      gastrointestinal colonization with such organisms was uncommon.

PMID- 1102619
TI  - Physician distribution by cities.

PMID- 1102620
TI  - The complement system in bullous pemphigoid. III. Fixation of C1q and C4 by
      pemphigoid antibody.
AB  - By in vitro complement immunofluorescent staining methods, 46 serum samples from
      bullous pemphigoid patients with titers of antibasement-membrane-zone antibodies
      of 320 or greater were tested for their ability to fix C1q, C4, and C3. All three
      staining reactions were positive with 23 of the samples; 21 samples yielded
      negative reactions. With one sample, the C1q and C3 staining reactions were
      positive but the C4 reaction was negative; one other sample gave a positive C3
      staining reaction only. Absorption of anti-C1q, anti-C4, and anti-C3 with C1q,
      C4, and C3, respectively, blocked the specific in vitro complement staining.
      Therefore, bullous pemphigoid antibodies of the IgG type appear to be capable of
      activating the  "classical" complement pathway.

PMID- 1102621
TI  - Experimental aspergillus endocarditis in rabbits.
AB  - Aspergillus endocarditis in man usually occurs on prosthetic cardiac valves and
      gives rise to large vegetations which embolize easily producing peripheral organ
      infarction and infection. Blood cultures are usually sterile and the disease is
      difficult to cure with antimicrobial agents. Aspergillus endocarditis was studied
      in rabbits to determine the course, degree of fungemia, and response to treatment
      with amphotericin B (A), 5 flucytosine (5 FC) or A + 5 FC. Polyethylene tubing
      was introduced into the left ventricle through the carotid artery and 24 hours
      later animals were inoculated with 10(4) to 10(7) spores of a strain of
      Aspergillus fumigatus. Large occlusive vegetations developed on the aortic
      valves. Spontaneous mortality reached 67 per cent after 3 days. Despite large
      aggregates of mycelia seen beneath a layer of amorphous material on microscopic
      sections, vegetations contained only 10(3)  to 10(5) colony forming units (CFU)
      of aspergilli per gram, suggesting the aspergilli in tissues were clumped.
      Disseminated infection involving kidney, lung, liver, spleen, and brain occurred.
      Animals without intracardiac tubing which received the same inoculum of spores
      did not develop endocarditis, but showed evidence of disseminated infection.
      Blood after 24 hours of infection grew aspergilli only when large volumes were
      cultured and then only a small fraction of the total volume of blood obtained for
      culture yielded aspergilli, suggesting that the aspergilli in blood were clumped.
      Sterile vegetations in the absence of an intracardiac catheter were resistant to
      infection with aspergilli, but once established, infection with aspergilli
      persisted on vegetations despite removal of the catheter. Treatment of infected
      animals with A (1 mg. per kilogram), 5 FC (25 or 50 mg. per kilogram) or A + 5 FC
      daily intraperitoneally, significantly lowered the number of CFU per gram of
      vegetation.

PMID- 1102622
TI  - Fatal haemorrhage from the innominate artery complicating tracheostomy.
AB  - A fatal haemorrhage of the innominate artery complicating tracheostomy for
      obstructive carcinoma of the larynx is reported. The possible mechanism of the
      rupture is discussed and methods of management are suggested.

PMID- 1102623
TI  - Obituary. Yasumasa Tani (1899-1975).

PMID- 1102624
TI  - Immunofluorescence studies on amphibian myoblast differentiation.
AB  - Differentiating myoblasts from urodele amphibians were cultivated in vitro and
      treated by immunofluorescence techniques and (or) inhibitors of RNA and protein
      syntheses. These experiments lead to the conclusion that the differentiation of
      these cells is directed by long-lived m-RNAs which are already present in
      morphologically undifferentiated cells and may act for at least 6 days. Contrary
      to observations on cultivated myogenic cells from other groups, the fusion of
      urodele myoblasts is not a prerequisite for a normal and functional
      differentiation (contractions) since isolated myoblasts differentiate quite
      normally. The appearance and further evolution of myosin and actin occur
      synchronously in this biological system.

PMID- 1102625
TI  - The developmental capacity of nuclei transplanted from keratinized skin cells of
      adult frogs.
AB  - Nuclei from keratinized skin cells of adult Xenopus foot-webs have been
      transplanted to enucleated eggs of the same species. 2. The cells used to provide
      donor nuclei were obtained as a monolayer outgrowth from cultured foot-web
      explants. When explants were cultured without plasma for 3 days, over 99-9% of
      the outgrowth cells contained keratin as revealed by the binding of monospecific
      fluorescent antibody prepared against purified Xenopus keratin. Nuclei were
      transplanted from cells which had been cultured for 31/2 days. 3. None of the
      first transfer embryos developed as far as tadpoles. Eleven clones of embryos
      were prepared from the nuclei of partial first-transfer blastulae by use of
      serial nuclear transplantation. Eight of these clones contained swimming tadpoles
      with functional muscle and nerve cells, and six clones contained tadpoles with
      beating hearts, well differentiated eyes, and other organs. 4. To prove that the
      nuclei of nuclear-transplant tadpoles were derived from the transplanted skin
      cell nuclei and not from a failure of ultraviolet light to inactivate the
      recipient egg nucleus, 1-nu skin cell nuclei were transplanted to eggs laid by 2
      nu frogs. Several advanced tadpoles from six clones were analysed for nucleolar
      and chromosome number and found to be 1-nu diploids. 5. The six clones of
      advanced tadpoles which were proved to carry the donor nuclear marker represent
      six first-transfer nuclei in a total sample of 129 skin cell nuclei originally
      transplanted. The probability that all six nuclei were derived from the 0-1% of
      the donor cell population not proved to contain keratin is less than one in
      10(10). 6. We conclude that cell specialization does not involve any loss,
      irreversible inactivation or permanent change in chromosomal genes required for
      development.

PMID- 1102626
TI  - In memoriam: Amos N. Johnson, MD 1908-1975.

PMID- 1102627
TI  - Tribute to  A. van Harreveld.

PMID- 1102628
TI  - Intraosseous neurilemmoma of the cervical spine causing paraparesis and treated
      by resection and grafting.
AB  - A neurilemmoma presented as an expanding lesion of the bodies of C6 and C7
      vertebrae and caused local neurological signs together with a spastic
      paraparesis. This tumour was treated by preliminary posterior fusion, followed by
      its complete removal via an anterior approach and stabilization by anterior
      spinal fusion. Other cases in the literature are reviewed and discussed.

PMID- 1102629
TI  - Clemens Ernst Benda. 1898-1975.

PMID- 1102630
TI  - Blood flow in normal and injured monkey spinal cord.
AB  - The authors used indicator fractionation techniques to determine blood flow in
      normal and bluntly traumatized spinal cords of Macaca rhesus monkeys. Normal flow
      rates were determined for several levels of spinal cord as well as differential
      values for white and gray matter from representative areas. Flow rates in
      traumatized tissue, obtained at several different time intervals up to 4 hours
      after injury, demonstrated marked differences in regional perfusion of the white
      matter and gray matter after trauma. Gray matter perfusion was nearly obliterated
      while white matter blood flow persisted and in fact was higher than uninjured
      controls. The findings do not support the concept of ischemia as a factor in
      white matter failure. If toxic pathobiochemical alterations are induced by
      trauma, it may be possible to reverse these changes by exploiting the preserved
      white matter blood flow for chemotherapeutic intervention.

PMID- 1102631
TI  - Air gun pellet embolizing the intracranial internal carotid artery.

PMID- 1102632
TI  - Our underpinnings: a bicentennial view. The 1975 Harvey Cushing oration.
AB  - The author describes the emergence of the liberal traditions which is the
      foundation of the political and economic systems in this country and considers
      policies that may affect our social and economic future.

PMID- 1102633
TI  - Systemic hypotension in neurosurgery.
AB  - The authors review the intraoperative use of elective hypotension to reduce the
      probability of hemorrhage, to increase pliability of the aneurysmal sac for ease
      of clip application, and to control hemorrhage. The optimum agent and techniques
      for lowering systemic blood pressure remain controversial, but trimethaphan,
      sodium nitroprusside, and halothane have been found most useful. When cerebral
      blood flow falls below the brain's capacity to autoregulate, distinct time
      related alterations occur biochemically and histologically. The profile of
      prolonged reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP), low phosphocreatine, low glucose,
      and elevated lactate and lactate/pyruvate ratio is associated with swelling of
      perivascular astrocytes and "blebbing" of vascular endothelial cells with
      subsequent cerebral damage. To prevent permanent alteration it is desirable to
      observe time constraints and to employ other means of protection such as
      hypothermia, although the authors believe the latter unnecessary for short
      hypotensive periods. It has been proposed, but not substantiated, that
      anesthetics which depress rate of cerebral oxygen consumption but do not affect
      cerebral ATP level protect the brain from hypotension. Several investigations
      suggest that halothane, a vasodiltor, satisfies the safety requirement. The most
      prominent contraindication to halothane, however, is elevation of intracranial
      pressure. At present hypotensive surgery for aneurysmorrhapy is usually performed
      when intracranial pressure has returned to normal. Experimentally the
      electroencephalogram has been observed to show alterations prior to biochemical
      parameters for following brain vulnerability, so that it conceivably could be an
      effective monitoring technique during prolonged profound hypotension.

PMID- 1102634
TI  - Watertight closure of spinal dura mater. Technical note.

PMID- 1102635
TI  - Letter: In memory of Samuel R. Snodgrass.

PMID- 1102636
TI  - Maimonides and his scene.

PMID- 1102637
TI  - Intrinsic and extrinsic discoloration of the dentition (a literature review).

PMID- 1102638
TI  - Acupuncture analgesia in dentistry: an analysis of studies from the People's
      Republic of China.
AB  - Studies conducted on the use of acupuncture analgesia for dental procedures in
      the People's Republic of China have not provided sufficient evidence to indicate
      that acupuncture analgesia can replace conventional drugs as the preferred
      anesthetic. However, studies currently in progress in China and in the United
      States may be successful in finding ways to reduce the failure rate and in
      determining the operative benefits of acupuncture.

PMID- 1102639
TI  - Tubular hydrodynamics and renal autoregulation.

PMID- 1102640
TI  - Opportunistic infection in children. II. In the compromised host.

PMID- 1102641
TI  - Possible nosocomial transmission of group B streptococci in a newborn nursery.
AB  - Within a six-day period in March, 1974, three infants born at a hospital in
      central Arkansas developed meningitis caused by group B, type III Streptococci.
      Three factors suggested nosocomial transmission of the organism in the nursery:
      (1) the three infants were born in a six-day period, (2) four weeks after their
      infants' births, none of the parents had positive cultures for group B
      streptococci, and (3) 31% of infants born in the hospital in March were colonized
      with group B, type III streptococci, while in April, after control measures in
      the nursery were instituted, only 2% of infants were colonized with this type (p
      less than 0.0002). Colonized infants were treated with penicillin, but follow-up
      cultures at two and six weeks showed that half the infants tested were still
      colonized. The number of personnel colonized with group B streptococci was not
      significantly different in personnel exposed to infants when compared with those
      that were not, and handwashing and environmental cultures were negative for group
      B streptococci. The results of this investigation give additional support to the
      concept that nosocomial transmission of group B streptococci can occur and may be
      effectively interrupted by control measures in the nursery.

PMID- 1102642
TI  - Treatment of Candida peritonitis by peritoneal lavage with amphotericin B.
AB  - A 14-year-old girl, who was a renal transplant recipient, developed Candida
      tropicalis peritonitis during peritoneal dialysis and immunosuppressive and broad
      spectrum antibiotic therapy. Therapeutic cure of the peritonitis followed a ten
      day course of amphotericin B administered solely by peritoneal lavage.

PMID- 1102643
TI  - Horace L. Hodes--the man.

PMID- 1102644
TI  - Congenital rubella.
AB  - The original concept of the rubella syndrome as a triad of abnormalities
      affecting the eye, heart, and hearing organs has changed dramatically in the past
      30 years. This paper describes the various clinical manifestations of congenital
      rubella now recognized and the varied consequences of rubella virus infection
      upon the fetus. The pathogenesis of intrauterine rubella is discussed in relation
      to the immunologic response of the fetus and to possible mechanisms of cell and
      tissue damage. The need for preventive measures is discussed in relation to the
      total number of children damaged annually and the importance of multiple defects
      leading to severe handicaps. Active immunization procedures to prevent congenital
      rubella defects are reviewed, with comments on the differences between
      vaccination policies in the United Kingdom and in the United States. The
      importance of surveillance of congenital rubella defects is emphasized; details
      of the National Rubella Surveillance Scheme in the United Kingdom are discussed.

PMID- 1102645
TI  - Nonspecific enhancers of resistance in man.
AB  - Nonspecific enhancers of resistance may include (1) viral interference, (2)
      interferon, (3) interferon inducers, (4) bacterial interference, (5) bacterial
      products such as Coley's "toxins," endotoxins, or staphylococcal, BCG, and
      Corynebacterium parvum vaccines, (6) transfer factor, and (7) well-defined
      chemicals such as dinitrochlorbenzene, levamisole, and vitamin C. These are
      discussed only as they have been applied to man to learn whether or not they have
      enhanced his ability to resist infections and growth of tumors. Preliminary
      studies suggest that a variety of relatively safe and effective nonspecific
      enhancers may soon be available for clinical use.

PMID- 1102646
TI  - Immunologic and virologic studies in the postpericardiotomy syndrome.
AB  - A prospective, triple-blind study was undertaken to determine whether antiheart
      antibody or a rise in titer to a virus occurred in patients after
      intrapericardial surgery and, if so, whether either was related to clinical
      evidence of the postpericardiotomy syndrome. In 257 patients, AHA in high titer
      appeared in 62 (24%), all of whom had the syndrome. None of the 102 patients with
      no AHA had the syndrome. In 137 subjects, a rise in titer to one or more viral
      agents occurred in 21 of 31 (68%) of those with AHA and PPS. This study suggests
      that an immunologic response and viral illness are related to PPS.

PMID- 1102647
TI  - Prospects for genetic screening.

PMID- 1102648
TI  - Rickets then and now.
AB  - Since the introduction of irradiated ergosterol into our food supply, nutritional
      vitamin D-deficiency rickets has become an uncommon disease. However, skeletal
      disorders due to abnormalities of vitamin D function still occur. These disorders
      can now be classified more exactly into two groups: those in which there is a
      deficiency of the active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and
      those in which there is an abnormality of renal tubular function resulting in
      renal hypophosphatemia despite normal vitamin D metabolism. The various entities
      of these two groups are described and the theoretical basis of their treatment
      given.

PMID- 1102649
TI  - Failure to protect Mus musculus against Plasmodium berghei with footpad
      injections of killed parasites incorporated in complete Freund's adjuvant.
AB  - The stimulation of cell-mediated immunity by the injection of antigen from killed
      parasites incorporated in complete Freund's adjuvant did not protect Mus musculus
      from the erythrocytic stages of Plasmodium berghei. Agglutinating antibodies
      could not be detected, but delayed hypersensitivity was demonstrable. Apparently
      thymocyte sensitization alone was not sufficient to afford protection.

PMID- 1102650
TI  - In Memoriam. Jean-Georges Baer (1902-1975).

PMID- 1102651
TI  - Thermodilution cardiac output measurement in infants and small children following
      intracardiac surgery.
AB  - A modified catheter has been used in conjunction with a thermodilution cardiac
      output computer for postoperative assessment of cardiac function in infants and
      children. Because of the small amount of fluid required for each determination
      and the simplicity of the technique, serial measurements can be done safely. Its
      use has contributed to the early detection of low output states. It has also
      proven to be a useful tool for estimating the optimal heart rate in each patient
      and for assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic measures.

PMID- 1102652
TI  - Giant "bathing trunk" nevus with malignant melanoma treated by excision and split
      thickness skin grafting.

PMID- 1102653
TI  - The state of ultrasound diagnosis in perinatal medicine.

PMID- 1102654
TI  - 1975 Gold Medal Award: Saul Schluger.

PMID- 1102655
TI  - Osseous autografts. II. Histological responses to osseous coagulum-bone blend
      grafts.
AB  - Three human intraosseous lesions were treated using osseous coagulum-bone blend
      as graft material. These sites were surgically removed 6 to 13 weeks after
      treatment and the blocks prepared for histologic analysis. Periodontal remodeling
      at the site of grafting was noted in all specimens. This remodeling involved the
      osseous walls, periodontal ligament, cementum and graft spicules. Both
      osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities were seen at the borders of the
      spicules. Exfoliation of spicules was particularly frequent in the six-week
      specimen. Nevertheless, regenerating of both bone and cementum was actively
      taking place even in this early specimen and was still evident in the older
      specimens. Of particular interest was the apparent marked increase in
      cementogenesis at the graft sites and the variations in parallel or functional
      orientation of the periodontal ligament in these areas. Significant functional
      orientation of segments of the periodontal ligament were seenin the early
      specimens, but not in the latter one. The reason for such variations in ligament
      pattern is not known at this time.

PMID- 1102656
TI  - The effect of an antimicrobial mouthwash on dental plaque and gingivitis in yound
      adults.
AB  - The effectiveness of an antimicrobial mouthwash (alexidine, 2-ethylhexyl
      bisbiguanidine dihydrochloride) in preventing plaque and gingivitis was evaluated
      in 45 young male adults. In a study using a double-blind cross-over design,
      subjects received a thorough prophylaxis and refrained from all routine oral
      hygiene for 2 weeks. During this period, subjects rinsed twice daily with either
      a treatment (alexidine) or placebo mouthwash. Plaque and gingivitis were assessed
      on selected teeth on days 2, 7 and 14. The characteristics of plaque that were
      recorded include: surface area score, dry weight and differential counts of
      microorganisms. After the 14th day, subjects resumed their regular oral hygiene
      practices for 3 weeks before starting the second experimental period. Aftter a
      second prophylaxis, the treatment and placebo groups from the first 2 weeks were
      crossed over and the procedures followed previously were repeated during the
      sixth and seventh weeks. The alexidine mouthwash was statistically and clinically
      effective in decreasing plaque scores and plaque weight, and statistically but
      not clinically effective in decreasing gingivitis scores. No systemic side
      effects were observed, but an asymptomatic brown tongue stain was observed in
      about half of the subjects. There was no evidence to suggest that alexidine
      disturbed the relative composition of the microorganisms in plague, but there was
      a suggestion that it decreased the number of microorganisms almost 2-fold when
      compared with the placebo group.

PMID- 1102657
TI  - A new automated interpretation system for the 16PF.
AB  - A new computerized interpretation system for the 16PF is described. This system
      is based on the novel concept of attempting to simulate directly the diagnostic
      report-writing capabilities of a single clinician. Certain considerations
      regarding the problem of validity in respect to this area are brought up, and the
      general operation of the system is outlined.

PMID- 1102658
TI  - Perception of aggression and overt aggressive behavior.
AB  - Investigated the relationship between thresholds for perception of aggressive
      cues and overt aggressive behavior in 86 male undergraduate students. Overt
      aggressive behavior was measured by the amount of shock the subject attempted to
      inflict on his presumed opponent. It was found that individuals with low
      thresholds for aggressive cues expressed less overt aggressive behavior while
      individuals with high thresholds for aggression expressed more overt aggression.
      Thus an inverse relationship was found with respect to perceptual recognition
      thresholds for aggressive stimuli and overt aggressive behavior. The implications
      of these findings for projective techniques and their relevance to perception as
      it relates to overt behavior were discussed.

PMID- 1102659
TI  - Microbial kinetics of drug action against gram-positive and gram-negative
      organisms. III: Effect of lincomycin and clindamycin combinations on
      Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
AB  - The functional dependencies of apparent first-order generation rate constants
      kapp, of drug-affected cultures on drug concentrations indicate that lincomycin
      and clindamycin possess the same mechanism of action, which is bacteriostatic,
      against Staphylococcus aureus. Clindamycin also possesses another mechanism of
      action, which is bactericidal, at high concentration levels. However, clindamycin
      possesses only one of the two mechanisms of lincomycin action, which is
      bacteriostatic, against Escherichia coli. The relative potency of action of a
      clindamycin-lincomycin combination against Staph. aureus is variable, and the
      effective ratio ranges between 5:1 and 9:1; the effective ratio against E. coli
      is fixed at 6:1 over a wide concentration range. This difference is attributed to
      differences in bioavailability and/or binding characteristics of the drugs for
      bioreceptors, as a consequence of structural modifications in the drug molecules,
      and to differences in modes of action in the respective organisms. Mixtures
      containing equipotent fractions of clindamycin and lincomycin show "equivalence"
      or "indifference" of effects on Staph. aureus. The combined action of the
      mixtures can be quantitatively predicted from the separate dose-response curves
      of either component drug alone. Therefore, it is concluded that clindamycin and
      lincomycin may bind to the same receptor site that is engaged in microbial
      protein synthesis to inhibit the generation of Staph. aureus. However,
      combinations of clindamycin and lincomycin are less active than the a priori
      equipotent concentration of either drug alone in their action against E. coli,
      demonstrating unequivocally an antagonism of effects. Furthermore, the degree of
      antagonism is dependent on the order of addition of the drugs, which is
      attributed to the possibility that clindamycin and lincomycin bind differently on
      active and allosteric loci of the same receptor site functionally engaged in
      protein synthesis in E. coli. A rational approach to the quantification and
      prediction of combined antibiotic action must, therefore, be based not only on
      the kinetics and mechanisms of action as well as on the dose-response
      relationship over a wide concentration range for the separate antibiotics but
      also on the strain and species of the test organism.

PMID- 1102660
TI  - In vitro and in vivo availability of commercial prednisone tablets.
AB  - A three-way crossover bioavailability study was performed using nine adult male
      volunteers with three different commercial prednisone tablets. Plasma samples
      were assayed for prednisolone, the active metabolite of prednisone, by a
      radioimmunoassay method. Statistical analysis showed significant differences in
      the rate of appearance of prednisolone in plasma but not in the amount converted
      to prednisolone. The results suggest that differences in in vivo rates of
      appearance of prednisolone in plasma correlate with in vitro rates of
      dissolution.

PMID- 1102661
TI  - Relative bioavailability of cyclobarbital calcium from aqueous solution compared
      to tablets.

PMID- 1102662
TI  - Opposing responses in sympathetic nerve activity induced by central injections of
      ouabain.
AB  - Cardiac glycosides induce changes in activity of peripheral sympathetic nerves.
      Arrhythmic doses have been suggested to act in the central nervous system to
      produce these changes, but direct central effects of digitalis on sympathetic
      discharge have not been documented. Thus, the central action of ouabain on
      sympathetic outflow was examined in baroreceptor and chemoreceptor denervated
      cats. Ouabain was injected into 128 vasoconstrictor or cardioaccelerator sites in
      the medulla or hypothalamus. Electrical stimulation of 24% of these sites evoked
      arrhythmias and stimulation consistently caused marked increases in heart rate,
      blood pressure and nerve activity, but ouabain had several effects, inducing
      either no change or increases or decreases in spontaneous activity of
      vasoconstrictor and cardioaccelerator nerves. Effects of ouabain were also
      observed on signal-averaged potentials evoked in these nerves by electrical
      stimulation of the medullary or hypothalamic sites of injection. The amplitude of
      the evoked potentials was either increased, decreased or left unchanged. In
      general, spontaneous and evoked activities were inhibited by ouabain more
      frequently than they were enhanced. The pattern of nervous responses to ouabain
      did not relate to the dose of drug or to the anatomical site of injection.
      Medullary and hypothalamic injections of ouabain often produced large changes in
      blood pressure, heart rate and nerve activity, but these effects were not
      accompanied by alterations in cardiac rhythm. Thus, central microinjections of
      ouabain produced heterogeneous patterns of effects on activity of peripheral
      sympathetic nerves, and these microinjections were not sufficient to evoke
      cardiac arrhythmias in cats with sectioned cranial nerves IX and X.

PMID- 1102663
TI  - Proceedings: A stereotaxic device and head clamp for use in large animal surgery.

PMID- 1102664
TI  - Possible roles of diseased cementum in periodontitis.

PMID- 1102665
TI  - Critical factors in selecting removable prostheses.
AB  - Preservation of as many natural teeth as possible should be the goal of
      conscientious dentists. However, occasionally, the sacrifice of some sound
      natural teeth may be indicated for partially edentulous patients to provide them
      with the most functional and esthetic masticatory apparatus. Selection of the
      proper prosthetic service is one of the most critical value judgments made by
      dentists. No matter how skillfully the wrong treatment is accomplished, it is
      still the wrong treatment. It is important, therefore, that all relevant data be
      gathered so that the best clinical judgment can be brought to bear in the
      decision-making process.

PMID- 1102666
TI  - Minor connector designs for anterior acrylic resin bases: a preliminary study.
AB  - The effect of nine different designs on the strength of acrylic resin attachment
      to the partial denture framework in anterior endentulous spaces was tested.
      Thirty metal frameworks, incorporating nine different designs and a control, were
      fabricated. Acrylic resin was processed to these frameworks, and the resin was
      subjected to a shear force. The framework designs offering strong retention for
      acrylic resin bases allowed the use of a greater bulk of acrylic resin projecting
      through openings in the metal retention design.

PMID- 1102667
TI  - Clinical procedures for improving veneered metal crowns.
AB  - Satisfactory design and preparation of the veneer window presuppose that a
      perfect or a near-perfect preparation of the tooth has been made. The window is
      not just a cutout and is not the responsibility of the laboratory technician.
      Whenever optimum gingival health, a satisfactory esthetic result, and a long
      lasting restoration are desired, it is worthwhile to carefully check and, if
      necessary, adjust the veneer window directly in the mouth before the veneer is
      added. This is especially important in restorations that extend below the
      gingival margin.

PMID- 1102668
TI  - An adhesive technique for small anterior fixed partial dentures.
AB  - A technique for the fabrication of a resin anterior fixed partial denture of
      intermediate length has been described. This type of device offers an
      inexpensive, quick treatment for selected patients with two adjacent missing
      anterior teeth. The technique allows the postponement of a definitive treatment
      to a more favorable time. The total treatment can be completed in two relatively
      short appointments.

PMID- 1102669
TI  - The provisional fixed partial denture.
AB  - A discussion of the rationale and requirements of the provisional restoration in
      fixed prosthetic dentistry has been presented. The imporatnce of this phase of
      restorative densitry and a survey of techniques for making interim restorations
      were gleaned from a review of the literature. A method for the fabrication of a
      provisional fixed partial denture using an acrylic resin interocclusal record was
      described and illustrated.

PMID- 1102670
TI  - Movement of abutments by removable partial denture frameworks with a
      hemimaxillectomy obturator.
AB  - A laboratory experiment was conducted to measure the amount of movement in each
      of two directions on each of seven teeth, induced by three common designs of
      retainer, under both splinted and unsplinted conditions. An analysis of variance
      on a four-way, completely crossed, fixed-effects model showed significant main
      effects for design, splintedness, and teeth involved. Also of significance were
      the interactions between the factors of splintedness and teeth and between design
      and splintedness. Most of the variability in tooth movement was due to
      differences among the seven teeth (49.3 per cent of variance) and to the
      interaction of splintedness and teeth (20.2 per cent of variance).

PMID- 1102671
TI  - Porcelain occlusal posterior fixed partial dentures.
AB  - A method for using the functionally generated-path technique to fabricate full
      occlusal porcelain-fused-to-metal fixed partial dentures and crowns has been
      described. Proper use of this technique in carefully selected patients should
      eliminate occlusal adjustments and the concomitant polishing and glazing that are
      often necessary before the restoration can be permanently cemented.

PMID- 1102672
TI  - [Annual report of the French Association of Medical Radiology, Nuclear Medicine
      and Electrology].

PMID- 1102673
TI  - [History of tomography].

PMID- 1102674
TI  - John Knutson retires.

PMID- 1102675
TI  - Salute and best wishes to Carl L. Sebelius.

PMID- 1102676
TI  - Ben Barker appointed program director at Kellogg Foundation.

PMID- 1102677
TI  - Cox appointed director of Division of Dentistry.

PMID- 1102678
TI  - Editorial: Mac (Richard McConaghey).

PMID- 1102679
TI  - Further observations on the influence of the social environment on ovulation in
      the vole, Microtus agrestis.

PMID- 1102680
TI  - Individual and age differences in the spermicidal effect of ethylene dibromide in
      bulls.

PMID- 1102681
TI  - Sperm fertility, viability and persistence in the female tract.

PMID- 1102682
TI  - Hyporeactivity to tuberculin in germ-free mice.

PMID- 1102683
TI  - Articular complications of homotransplantation and chronic renal hemodialysis.
AB  - Renal homotransplantaion and chronic hemodialysis are accepted methods of
      treating end-stage kidney disease. However, these procedures are fraught with
      complications involving bones, joints, and soft tissues. Transplantation and
      immunosuppressive therapy problems include "connective tissue-like" reactions,
      infections in joints and avascular necrosis of bone. Long term hemodialysis may
      accentuate secondary hyperparathyroidism, renal osteodystrophy, and metastatic
      calcification, which can be minimized by phosphorous control or calcium loading
      in the dialysate. In the presence of osteomalacia, vitamin D may be helpful and
      parathyroidectomy is indicated if autonomy is present. In one patient undergoing
      long term hemodialysis, a chalky material was aspirated from the olecranon bursa.
      Two inorganic solid phases were identified as being present - a major phase,
      octacalcium phosphate (ocp) and a minor phase, calcite (CaCO3). Because of its
      elusive properties, the role of OCP in biological systems is poorly known and can
      easily escape detection. Methods of identification of OCP and its potential role
      in crystal deposition syndromes are discussed.

PMID- 1102684
TI  - The efficacy of antimalarials in systemic lupus erythematosus.
AB  - Of 209 patients who fulfilled the A.R.A. criteria for the diagnosis of systemic
      lupus erythematosus, 43 were selected for study because each had been treated for
      at least two years with antimalarials, but had not received antimalarials for at
      least one subsequent year. In each instance, the antimalarial was discontinued
      solely because of the development of retinopathy. Each year on antimalarials was
      matched with a subsequent year off antimalarials for each patient. The year
      immediately following diagnosis and years of pregnancy were excluded. Paired-t
      test analysis of matched years revealed that general symptoms (fever, fatigue,
      weight loss) were less common during years on 500 mg chloroquine daily than
      during years off the drug (p less than 0.05). Skin manifestations were also less
      frequent during the years on 500 mg chloroquine daily than during the years off
      (p less than 0.05). No significant steroid sparing effect was found. However, a
      greater incidence of flare-ups during the matched years off the drug was
      statistically significant.

PMID- 1102685
TI  - [Malignant lymphomas of the digestive tract].

PMID- 1102686
TI  - The Abraham Flexner award. Dr. Thomas Hale Ham.

PMID- 1102687
TI  - The Borden award. Dr. Andrew V. Schally.

PMID- 1102688
TI  - Accountability for graduate medical education: report of an unsuccessful
      experiment.
AB  - An experiment is reported which utilized a professional medical care organization
      as the base for intern and resident education. The major reason for its failure
      was the undue rigidity of Title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act and
      associated regulations. The data assembled suggest that the mechanism is feasible
      and could potentially obviate (or at least minimize) many of the existing
      problems associated with the operation and financing of graduate medical
      education using a hospital as the organizational base.

PMID- 1102689
TI  - Mercer Dental Society. 1975-76 membership list.

PMID- 1102690
TI  - Editorial: Medicaid payments.

PMID- 1102691
TI  - Stereotactic transnasal cryohypophysectomy. A preliminary report.

PMID- 1102692
TI  - Medicare updates allowable charges.

PMID- 1102693
TI  - Dr. J.P. Culpepper, Jr. dies in Hattiesburg.

PMID- 1102694
TI  - The sense of naturally occurring superhelices and the unwinding angle of
      intercalated ethidium.

PMID- 1102695
TI  - A neutron scattering study of the distribution of protein and RNA in the 30 S
      ribosomal subunit of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1102696
TI  - DNA content, synthesis and integrity in dividing and non-dividing cells of rec-
      strains of Escherichia coli K12.

PMID- 1102697
TI  - Protein synthesis in chloroplasts. V. Translation of messenger RNA for the large
      subunit of fraction I protein in a heterologous cell-free system.

PMID- 1102698
TI  - Tandem genetic duplications in phage lambda. III. The frequency of duplication
      mutants in two derivatives of phage lambda is independent of known recombination
      systems.

PMID- 1102699
TI  - Processing of bacteriophage lambda DNA during its assembly into heads.

PMID- 1102700
TI  - DNA packaging steps in bacteriophage lambda head assembly.

PMID- 1102701
TI  - Assembly of bacteriophage lambda heads: protein processing and its genetic
      control in petit lambda assembly.

PMID- 1102702
TI  - Studies on the cleavage of bacteriophage lambda DNA with EcoRI Restriction
      endonuclease.

PMID- 1102703
TI  - Comparative analysis of the in vivo and in vitro expression of bacteriophage T7
      messenger RNAs during infection of Escherichia coli.

PMID- 1102704
TI  - Cleavage map of bacteriophage f1: location of the Escherichia coli B-specific
      modification sites.

PMID- 1102705
TI  - Transcription of DNA and chromatin with calf thymus RNA polymerase B in vitro.

PMID- 1102706
TI  - DNA degradation in an amber mutant of Escherichia coli K12 affecting DNA ligase
      and viability.

PMID- 1102707
TI  - Determination of the molecular weight of Saccharomyces cerevisiae nuclear DNA.

PMID- 1102708
TI  - Identification of the UUG codon as a translational initiation codon in vivo.

PMID- 1102709
TI  - A calorimetric investigation of tRNAVal1 melting.

PMID- 1102710
TI  - Minimal post-transcriptional modification of yeast mitochondrial ribosomal RNA.

PMID- 1102711
TI  - Studies of 30 S Escherichia coli ribosome reassembly using individual proteins
      labeled with an environmentally sensitive fluorescent prode.

PMID- 1102712
TI  - Identification by diagonal gel electrophoresis of nine neighboring protein pairs
      in the Escherichia coli 30 S ribosome crosslinked with methyl-4
      mercaptobutyrimidate.

PMID- 1102713
TI  - Stabilization of the native tertiary stucture of yeast tRNALeu3 by cationic metal
      complexes.

PMID- 1102714
TI  - Replication of bacteriophage lambda DNA: in vivo studies of the interaction
      between the viral gamma protein and the host recBC DNAase.

PMID- 1102715
TI  - Mutagenesis by insertion of a drug-resistance element carrying an inverted
      repetition.

PMID- 1102716
TI  - On the fidelity of transcription by Escherichia coli ribonucleic acid polymerase.

PMID- 1102717
TI  - Evidence for a positive regulation of RNA polymerase synthesis in Escherichia
      coli.

PMID- 1102718
TI  - An anatomical, histochemical, and autoradiographic study of the ever-growing
      molar dentition of Microtus with comments on the role of structure in growth and
      eruption.
AB  - An analysis of the microanatomy of the molar dentition of Microtus utilizing
      histological, histochemical and autoradiographic techniques reveals a complex
      architecture with distinctive morphogenic mechanisms which respond to the
      functional requirements of the organism. These mechanisms include; the
      maintenance of continued growth and eruption of the molars to compensate for
      continued hard tissue loss from wear at the occlusal surface of the crown
      throughout the entire lifespan of the orgainism and a positive feedback repair
      mechanism to protect the growth systems from the potential destruction this
      normal occlusal wear could initiate. An awareness and understanding of these
      phenomena is of significant value for interpreting palentological specimens and
      formulating a theoretical model for interpreting the evolution of Microtine molar
      dentitions.

PMID- 1102719
TI  - Marked histoincompatibility between and within sublines of AKR mice used in a
      syngeneic leukemia model.
AB  - Sublines of AKR mice differed significantly in their histoincompatibility to
      AKR/J mice, as indicated by their ability to reject AKR/J skin grafts and an AKR
      transplantable leukemia. Further, all sublines tested demonstrated some degree of
      heterogeneity, because isografts were rejected in 5-97% of the mice, depending on
      the subline. The presence of excessive heterogeneity among and within sublines
      poses a serious problem for experimental oncologists using these sublines in
      their tumor models.

PMID- 1102720
TI  - The radioautographic transfer function and its implications for radioautographic
      methodology.
AB  - A function was developed to relate the radioautographic detectability of
      tritiated thymidine to its incorporation into nuclear DNA under various
      experimental and specimen processing conditions. The implications of this
      function for the interpretation of cell kinetic studies were outlined, and its
      implications for radioautographic methodology were discussed. The standardization
      of radioautographic methods for facilitation of comparisons of data obtained from
      different sources under dissimilar experimental conditions was discussed.

PMID- 1102721
TI  - The discrete phases of the cell cycle: autoradiographic, physical, and chemical
      evidences.
AB  - Recently the discrete model of the cell cycle, described as a series of metabolic
      progressions through four distinct phases, has been challenged by a few curves of
      percent labeled mitoses (PLM) and related autoradiographic data, which have been
      questionably interpreted in terms of a "continuous" cell cycle model. This
      conclusion is based in part on a few questionable observations which we
      summarize, along with our objections and explanations. We present a critical
      analysis of the autoradiographic data obtained with the PLM, in terms of the
      limitations and inconveniences of the technique itself. Some attention is paid to
      the usefulness of the "radioautographic transfer function," which seems an
      arbitrary mathematical expression of old autoradiographic observations. Finally,
      a review is presented of the old (by autoradiography) and new (by physical,
      chemical, and computer image analysis) evidences of the existence of dicrete
      phases in the cell cycle, which in turn support the idea of an all-or-none
      phenomenon for DNA synthesis, and which rule out the hypothesis of a continuous
      cell cycle model with a varying DNA synthesis rate function.

PMID- 1102722
TI  - A microradioimmunoassay for antibodies to tumor-associated antigens.
AB  - A versatile microradioimmunoassay for the detection of antibodies to tumor
      associated and other tissue antigens was described. The method involved: a) the
      preparation of solid-phase antigen with cultured (already adhered) or noncultured
      cells (sedimented by centrifugation) fixed to Micro-Test plates with neutral
      buffered formaldehyde or absolute methanol; b) the incubation of the antigen with
      test or control sera; and c) the incubation of the antigen with radioiodinated
      antiglobulin antibody. The nonspecific background of radioactivity was reduced to
      an acceptable level by the fixed cells being precoated in the wells with 0.5%
      bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline which was also used for the
      dilution of sera and labeled antiglobulin antibody. Tumor cells in primary
      cultures gave a high background, as compared to long-term cultures, which was due
      to the presence of immunoglobulins (most likely tumor-specific antibody). The
      specific antibody response to a syngeneic mouse tumor was demonstrated by this
      technique.

PMID- 1102723
TI  - Biohazards of methanol in proposed new uses.

PMID- 1102724
TI  - Vinyl chloride: how many unknown problems?

PMID- 1102725
TI  - A new freeze-drying technique applied to the analysis of the molecular structure
      of mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.

PMID- 1102726
TI  - [Early spontaneous rupture of a renal transplant. Conservative surgical treatment
      with a three and a half year follow-up (author transl)].

PMID- 1102727
TI  - [Severe sub-pyelic ureteral stenosis following ablation of a calculus in the
      pyelo- ureteral junction. Total uretero-ileoplasty].

PMID- 1102728
TI  - [Attempt at the prevention of accidents and complications of surgical treatment
      of ureteral calculi].

PMID- 1102729
TI  - Renovascular hypertension: the role of the urologist.

PMID- 1102730
TI  - Bladder neck contracture and urethral stricture as complications of renal
      transplantation.
AB  - From 1963 to July 26, 1974, 211 men underwent renal transplantation at our
      clinic. Urethral strictures were present prior to the initial transplant in 4
      patients (1.8 per cent) and developed in the post-transplant period in 13
      patients (6.1 per cent). Postoperative bladder neck contractures occurred in 2
      patients (0.9 per cent). Repeated urethral dilations and surgical procedures on
      the lower urinary tract were generally well tolerated. Infectious problems were
      the most common secondary complications. No patient or allograft was lost as a
      direct result of the lower tract obstruction or its treatment. The greatest
      morbidity occurred in those patients who had a combination of urethral stricture
      and/or bladder neck contracture, uremia, previous or current immunosuppression
      and the absence of urine flowing through the urinary tract. This combination
      occurred most often in the patient who experienced failure of the first allograft
      and was being prepared for a second or third transplant. To avoid potentially
      serious urologic complications, male patients should have a repeat lower urinary
      tract evaluation and definitive correction of existing obstruction before re
      transplantation is considered.

PMID- 1102731
TI  - Lymphocyst: ultrasound diagnosis and urologic management.
AB  - Three cases of lymphocysts occurred in a series of 97 patients undergoing
      extension pelvic urological operations, an incidence rate of 3.1 per cent. This
      is the first report of this complication after urological lymphadenectomy.
      Awareness of the entity is important to urologists since lymphatic staging
      operations for prostate and bladder carcinoma are widely used to help plan
      definitive therapy. Athough this complication is rare after renal transplantation
      it may cause significant interference with graft function. The etiology,
      symptoms, findings, diagnosis and treatment of this condition are reviewed.
      Echography is presented as an ideal technique to diagnose the condition and to
      guide in its management.

PMID- 1102732
TI  - Rapid miniaturized tests for bacteriuria: Microstix and bacturcult urine tests.
AB  - Of 4 methods for testing random urine samples for the presence of infection the
      standard hospital laboratory culture-colony counting was found by far to be the
      most accurate. Microscopy of urinary sediment, Microstix and Bacturcult produced
      too many falsely negative results to be useful in a clinical setting, were urine
      samples were collected throughout the day such as in an office or hospital
      outpatient clinic. Perhaps the last 2 tests would yield better results if urine
      samples were collected after at least 4 hours of incubation time in the bladder,
      as suggested by their proponents.

PMID- 1102733
TI  - Recurrence of the nephrotic syndrome in the renal isograft: A preliminary report.
AB  - The fifth case of kidney transplantation between monozygotic twins in Japan is
      presented. Immediately after the transplanation the original disease, nephrotic
      syndrome, recurred but it was treated with steroids successfully. There have been
      few cases reported in which recurrence of the original disease in the isograft
      was treated successfully.

PMID- 1102734
TI  - Henryk Goldszmit (1879-1942).

PMID- 1102735
TI  - Cerebral blood volume in man. Computer analysis of a computerized brain scan.
AB  - Cerebral blood volume in man can be measured by subtracting computerized axial
      tomogram density measurements taken before from those taken after an
      intravascular marker is infused into the blood. The average blood volume is 3.0
      ml/100 ml of brain tissue, with a range of 2.4 to 4.25. This method can be
      applied in studying cerebral pathologic conditions. Areas of cerebral edema,
      surrounding a tumor, have a decreased blood volume.

PMID- 1102736
TI  - Hemoglobinopathy with prolonged bactermia. A report of two cases.
AB  - Prolonged Escherichia coli bacteremia occurred as a complication of
      pyelonephritis in two patients with abnormal hemoglobins (SC and SS), despite
      "appropriate" antibiotic therapy. Careful investigation in each case failed to
      account for the persistent sepsis. Pyogenic arthritis ultimately developed in
      both patients.

PMID- 1102737
TI  - Alexander Borodin.

PMID- 1102738
TI  - Listeria sepsis and meningitis: A complication of renal transplantation.
AB  - Listeria infections is an important cause of sepsis and meningitis in renal
      transplant patients. Prompt recognition and aggressive therapy are required to
      control this life-threatening infection. In 1972, one case of listeriosis
      occurred in a renal transplant recipient in our center; 1974, six more cases were
      detected within a period of nine months. All seven patients had Listeria sepsis,
      and three of the seven patients had both sepsis and meningitis. Antibiotic
      treatment resulted in remarkable improvement in the clinical state of all the
      patients in this study. Two patients later died of other unrelated causes.

PMID- 1102739
TI  - Present status of plastic surgery.

PMID- 1102740
TI  - [In memory of Dr. Tanemoto Furuhata].

PMID- 1102741
TI  - Alan Mason Chesney.

PMID- 1102742
TI  - Thomas Bourne Turner.

PMID- 1102743
TI  - Philip A. Tumulty.

PMID- 1102744
TI  - Edward S. Stafford.

PMID- 1102745
TI  - The second professor of gynecology and the Department of Art as Applied to
      Medicine.

PMID- 1102746
TI  - Disseminated aspergillosis in a renal transplant patient: Diagnostic difficulties
      re-emphasized.
AB  - An asymptomatic and radiographically occult lung abscess was the primary focus of
      infection in this case of fatal disseminated aspergillosis in a renal transplant
      recipient. Extensive neurological evaluation in response to a change in
      personality failed to reveal a brain abscess, which was the cause of death. This
      case illustrates the variability in presentations of aspergillosis and the
      continuing difficulties in diagnosing this infection in immunosuppressed
      patients.

PMID- 1102747
TI  - The role of macrophage cytophilic antibodies in kidney transplant patients.

PMID- 1102748
TI  - Studies on the respiratory and systemic cell-mediated immunity. Development of
      local and systemic cell-mediated immunity in guinea pigs given killed BCG
      intratracheally or parenterally.

PMID- 1102749
TI  - [Defense mechanisms against tuberculosis infection in the immune host. The
      interrelation between activated macrophages and 14C-labeled BCG in primary BCG
      lesions and those of reinfection (author's transl)].

PMID- 1102750
TI  - [Methods of calculation of functional volumes of the heart ventricle].
AB  - The method of thermodilution permitted a broader investigation of the methods of
      calculations of the functional heart volumes. Two methods (Holt and Luthy) were
      compared with one another and with the control. Both methods were used for
      calculating the end-diastolic volume (Qed). Studies in the calorimeter and on a
      model with a pulsating flow demonstrated that the first portion of the
      thermodilution curve is a function of the myocardial contractility. Both the Holt
      and Luthy methods give equally reliable results, but the Holt technique is
      preferable for Qed measurements.

PMID- 1102751
TI  - [Simplified method of radiocardiographic study of central hemodynamics].
AB  - The possibility of calculating the main parameters of the cardiac output and the
      pulmonary blood flow on the basis of a radiocardiogram alone, without performing
      radiometry of the administered dose of the isotope, and determination of the
      venous blood activity, is discussed. It is offered to use the relative indices of
      hemodynamics for this purpose: the indices expressing the values of the minute
      and stroke volumes, the circulating blood volume in the lungs expressed as
      percentage of the total circulating blood volume. A high degree of correlation
      between the absolute and relative indices of the central hemodynamics was
      established, the advantages and disadvantages of the simplied method of
      radiocardiography are revealed. The rationale of a parallel determination of the
      absolute and relative values of the hemodynamic parameters is emphasized since it
      permits a deeper insight into the hemodynamic shifts.

PMID- 1102752
TI  - [Selection of a rational method of calculation of minute blood volume by the dye
      dilution curves].
AB  - In calculating the cardiac output on the basis of the dye dilution curves it is
      important to determine the area of the first circulation of the dye. The existing
      techniques of the determination of this area are different in their complexity
      and precision of the obtained results. A comparative evaluation of 14 techniques
      or their modifications for the determination of the cardiac output according to
      the Evans blue dilution curves was undertaken in 40 subjects (normal individuals
      and patients with chronic pulmonary pathology). A new method of calculations of
      the area by two triangles is suggested. The most precise techniques appeared to
      be the planimetric method of exponential extrapolation, the two and five
      triangles methods introduced by the authors, as well as the calculations of
      Hamilton and Simpson. It seems most rational to use the two and five triangles
      methods that are not only precise, but also simple. The method with five
      rectangular triangles should be preferred since it does not require any special
      equipment. In exceptional cases, in which the recirculation wave begins early
      and/or the direction of the descending portion is not clear, the Dow equation may
      be recommended, with the results multiplied by the factor of 1.26.

PMID- 1102753
TI  - [Study of certain hemodynamic indicators in rabbits by the method of
      radiocardiography].

PMID- 1102754
TI  - [Systems of long-term observation in cardiological departments and automatic
      analysis of the rhythm of cardiac activity].

PMID- 1102755
TI  - [Work of Soviet therapeutists during the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1102756
TI  - [Cardiology during the Great Patriotic War].

PMID- 1102757
TI  - [Current concepts of the course of the wound process and wound treatment
      (literature survey)].

PMID- 1102758
TI  - [Treatment of burn wounds with the skin of the convalescents].

PMID- 1102759
TI  - [Treatment of chronic osteomyelitis].

PMID- 1102760
TI  - [Bone plasty in treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the long tubular bones].

PMID- 1102761
TI  - [Surgical methods of prevention and treatment of pulmonary embolism].

PMID- 1102762
TI  - [Corticosteroid therapy of hemangiomas in children (literature survey)].

PMID- 1102763
TI  - [Professor Boris Kornil'evich Osipov (on his 80th birthday)].

PMID- 1102764
TI  - [Gastrectomy with the use of mechanical sutures].

PMID- 1102765
TI  - [Symptomatology, differential diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis of
      newborns and infants (author's transl)].
AB  - Bacterial meningitis in our hospital too shows its maximal frequence with 30.5%
      in the first month of life, 25.2% of these cases being newborns. The frequent
      difficulties of diagnosis in this period of life are demonstrated. Predisposing
      factors and possible complications of meningitis are named. The principles of
      modern therapy are summarized.

PMID- 1102766
TI  - [65th birthday of Prof. Hermann Hilber, M.D].

PMID- 1102767
TI  - Immunohistochemical evidence for the presence of collagen type III in human
      arterial walls, arterial thrombi, and in leukocytes, incubated with collagen in
      vitro.
AB  - Sections of arterial walls and of thrombi and smears of leukocytes previously
      incubated in vitro with collagen type III were examined by immunohistochemical
      technique for the presence of collagen types I, II and III. In arterial walls
      collagen type III was detected immediately underlaying the endothelial cell layer
      and in the tissue between tunica elastica interna and adventitia. Collagen type I
      was not shown in the subendothelial layer. Fresh thrombi contained occasionally
      collagen, but only of type III. This was associated with leukocytes. Leukocytes
      were capable in vitro to associate and/or phagocytose collagen type III and this
      could be visualized immunohistochemically. The data show that collagen type III
      in vivo may play a crucial role in the initiation of thrombus formation.

PMID- 1102768
TI  - [Food allergy].

PMID- 1102769
TI  - [Zinaida Vissarionovna Ermol'eva].

PMID- 1102770
TI  - [Recurrent goiter].

PMID- 1102771
TI  - [Comparative clinical data on the course of Escherichia coli infection in
      patients of different ages].

PMID- 1102772
TI  - [Contribution of women physicians to the study of marginal pathology].

PMID- 1102773
TI  - [The first heroes of medical work - women-physicians].

PMID- 1102774
TI  - Modification of the powell culture chamber for the observation and
      micromanipulation of growing bacteria.